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Catalogue of Greek Coins in 
 The Hunterian Collection 
 
This Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the 
 
 Hunterian Colledtion University of Glasgow 
 
 has been presented to the University by 
 
 James Stevenson of Hailie 
 
CATALOGUE OF GREEK COINS 
 
 IN THE 
 
 HUNTERIAN COLLECTION 
 
 , UNIVERSITY Ol- (iLASGOW 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 ITALY, SICILY, MACEDON, THRACE, AND THESSALY 
 
 BY 
 
 GEORGE MACDONALD, M.A. 
 
 LECTURER IN GREEK IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW 
 
 GLASGOW 
 
 JAMES MACLEHOSE AND SONS 
 
 ^nblishers to the Slnibersitj) 
 
THE J. PAUL GETTY MUSEUM LIBRARY 
 
MEMORIAE 
 
 GVLIELMI HVNTER 
 
 CVM AESCVLAPII TVM MVSARVM 
 
 CVLTORIS INDEFESSI 
 
 NECNON 
 
 ALMAE MATRIS 
 
 FILM OPTIME MERITI 
 
 D D D 
 
' 
 
 PEEFATORY NOTE 
 
 BY THE KEEPER OF THE HUNTERIAN MUSEUM 
 
 The Catalogue of whicli the first part now appears owes its existence to a 
 suggestion made some thirteen years ago by ]\Ir, James Stevenson, that the Greek 
 coins in tlie Hunterian Collection should be made more available for study by 
 being catalogued and photographically illustrated, that suggestion being accom- 
 panied by a munificent offer to bear the whole expense of printing and publica- 
 tion. At the time it seemed impossible to meet Mr, Stevenson's wish in a manner 
 worthy of the Collection or of his generosity : indeed, the scheme remained in 
 abeyance long enough for most people to have given up interest in a proposal 
 which was not carried out. Mr. Stevenson, however, did not lose sight of the 
 matter. Accordingly, when Mr. George Macdonald accepted my invitation to under- 
 take the work, the responsibility for the offer made nine years before was promptly 
 and cordially accepted, the necessary sum being shortly afterwards placed in the 
 hands of Mr. Macdonald, Mr. James J. MacLehose and myself as trustees, and every 
 arrangement made by Mr. Stevenson to facilitate uninterrupted progress. 
 
 Since Mr. Macdonald began work in 1894 no time has been lost : rather the 
 progress has been remarkable when account is taken of the difficulties. To begin 
 with, the Collection had to be completely rearranged, a geographical order being 
 substituted for the alphabetical one in which the coins had remained since they 
 reached Glasgow. Again, Combe had described only the autonomous pieces, but 
 it was now necessary to include the imperial and regal coinages for the same areas, 
 while additional trouble was caused by the fact that since Combe's time the 
 trays had got somewhat out of order, not everyone who had to do Avitli them 
 having been careful to replace specimens in the right compartments. Lastly, there 
 was a large, too large a gathering of Nummi Incerti, which had to be cleared 
 up, as far as possible, before confidence could be felt in the finality of the 
 arrangement. The uncertainties are now mainly specific rather than generic, being 
 
 b 
 
ii PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 chiefly confined to difficulties of attribution within an area or an epoch. The 
 preliminaries were in a sense the chief work of the Catalogue, and their settlement 
 warrants me in calling attention to the comparatively short time taken to deal 
 with these, to meet the critical questions raised since Combe wrote, and to make 
 the selection of coins for illustration. In inviting Mr. Macdonald's assistance, I had 
 no inducements to offer beyond the pleasure of the work and the credit which its 
 successful accomplishment Avas sure to bring. These were sufficient to one who 
 combined scholarship with archaeological tastes ; and I gladly take this opportunity 
 of acknowledging the fidelity Avith which Mr. Macdonald has discharged his wholly 
 honorary task, and the unsparing energy which he has given to its accomplishment. 
 
 The selection of Collotypes as the mode of reproducing the coins is one 
 for which I take the sole responsibility, and my confidence in Mr. James Gardner's 
 skill has been amply justified. In the first conversation I had with Mr. Stevenson 
 publication in Glasgow was made a condition, but it was found desirable to place 
 the printing with a firm which already possessed most of the specialities of block and 
 type required. 
 
 The succeeding parts will be issued Avitli the least possible delay. 
 
 JOHN YOUNG, M.D. 
 
 Keeper. 
 
 Hdnterian Museum, 
 
 University of Glasgow. 
 21a-/ Jnnnary, 1899. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 This Catalogue has but few features in common with Charles Combe's well-known Descrljjtio. 
 It was with genuine regret that I found it impossible to build upon that time-honoured foundation. 
 But the alphabetical arrangement had of necessity to give place to the geographical, while among 
 other changes demanded by modern methods was the inclusion of several series that Combe had 
 set aside for separate treatment. As a consequence of this extension the whole number of coins 
 to be dealt with has been much more than doubled. The geographical order followed is practically 
 that laid down by Eckhel. For Northern Greece, however, the important modifications suggested 
 by Head have been adopted, while considerations of mechanical convenience have led to the Aes 
 Grave being gathered into a group by itself. In addition to the weights of the gold and silver 
 pieces those of the autonomous bronze coins are recorded. The brief notes that accompany the 
 chronological headings make no pretence to completeness. They are mere finger-posts to guide 
 those who are not specialists through what might otherwise prove a confusing wilderness of detail. 
 Assistance of a like kind is furnished in Index XI., where will be found transliterations of 
 legends in unfamiliar scripts such as Oscan and Phoenician. In inserting aids of this sort, I 
 have not been without hope that the book may serve to quicken an interest in the study of 
 ancient history and art among the students of the University of Glasgow, the direct heirs of 
 William Hunter's noble bequest. 
 
 The second volume, with which considerable progress has already been made, will comprise 
 the remainder of European Greece, the Islands, and the greater part, if not the whole, of Asia 
 Minor. Should space permit, a place will be reserved in the third and last for the ancient 
 coins of Spain, Gaul, and Britain, all well represented in the Cabinet, and also for an appendix 
 showing precisely how each of the pieces described by Combe has been disposed of in the 
 new Catalogue. 
 
 Scholars will have no difficulty in recognising the authorities I have used. Other works 
 have, of course, been consulted, but the books most constantly in my hands have been Head's 
 Ilisforia Ninnnrum and the Coin Catalogues issued from the British Museum. The latter 
 have done more than provide me with a general model. The help I have derived from them 
 
 h 2 
 
iv PREFACE 
 
 has been so extensive and so varied in character as to render specific acknowledgment 
 altogether impossible. And the same may be said of Mr. Head's great treatise, wherein were 
 laid down once for all the lines along which any attempt at the chronological classification 
 of Greek coins must proceed. It is bnt natural that in the twelve years that have elapsed 
 since its publication advances should have been made in various directions. Our knowledge 
 of the coinages of Southern Italy, for instance, has been largely increased by the researches 
 of Mr. A. J. Evans. All such recent results I have endeavoured to gather up, giving 
 references to the books or periodicals in which they were originally published. Dr. Adolf 
 Holm's Hi >> tori/ of Greece has been fruitful both in direct and in indirect suggestion. The 
 third volume of tlie same authors Geschichte Siciliens im Alterthiim, with its valuable and 
 exhaustive numismatic appendix, appeared while the following pages were passing through the 
 press. As the footnotes will show, I was able to make some use of the latter in revising 
 the proofs ; but I cannot help regretting that it was not available at an earlier stage. Its 
 value and interest are enhanced by the fact that it was prepared with the co-operation of 
 Dr. J. P. Six. My indebtedness to the writings of Dr. F. Imhoof-Blumer will be more marked 
 in the succeeding volumes than in this one, but even here it is heavy enough to call for 
 special mention. In particular I may refer to the important list of corrections of Combe's 
 attributions, published in 1874 in the Zeitschrift fur Numismatik. The earlier list of 
 Dr. Julius Friedlaender {Numismatische Zeitschrift, 1870) was unfortunately not accessible to 
 me until my re-arrangement of the coins was almost completed. Among aids of first 
 importance I must also rank, so far as they are already issued, the Catalogues of the rich 
 series of coins in the Royal Museum at Berlin. 
 
 To Professor Young, ]\I.D., I am under a singularly deep obligation. It was he who as 
 Keeper of the Museum invited me to compile the Catalogue, and the whole work has been 
 carried on under the influence of his unwearying encouragement. His official connection with 
 the book renders it impossible for me to speak as freely as I should wish. But I must at 
 least be allowed to say that without his active assistance the preliminary re-arrangement 
 would have been a much more laborious task than it actually proved to be, and that the 
 success attained in the Plates is largely due to his taste and care. The casts from which 
 the photographs were taken were all made with his own hands. 
 
 My debt to Mr, Head and his colleagues of the British Museum extends farther tlian 
 their published works. Enquiries — sometimes, I fear, of a trivial nature — were readily answered, 
 and casts furnished when necessary. Special thanks are owing to Mr. Warwick Wroth for 
 help in connection with the Introduction, Besides sending me definite information on one or 
 two points regarding which no materials for research were available here, he was good enough 
 to read it in proof, and to give me the benefit of the criticisms and remarks dictated by his 
 familiarity with the history of coin-collecting in England. 
 
PREFACE V 
 
 As regards the proof of the text, I have had to bear the sole responsibility for the correction 
 of the greater part of it. For the remainder I have enjoyed assistance of a quite exceptional 
 kind. Professor Behrendt Pick of Gotha and Dr. Hugo Gaebler of the Eoyal Museum, Berlin, 
 have for a number of years past been engaged on a special study of the money of Northern 
 Greece, in their capacity as editors of the first division of the monumental Corpus Nnmmorvm 
 of the Berlin Akademie der Wissenschaften. Early proofs of such portions of this Catalogue 
 as concerned them were by request placed at their disposal. In return they most kindly sent 
 me full notes of a careful revisal of each sheet, pp. 263 — 287 and 327 — 376 being read in 
 this way by Dr. Gaebler, and pp. 377 — 448 by Professor Pick. The great accumulation of 
 ordered material at their connnand made revision by these scholars extremely valuable, and I 
 cannot be too grateful to them for the amount of trouble they have taken on behalf of the 
 work of another. 
 
 Thanks are also due to Professor Gilbert Murray of this University for help of various 
 kinds, and to Mr. W. M. Lindsay of Oxford and Professor R. S. Conway of Cardiff for special 
 communications regarding several of the Italic coin-legends. Professor Conway's Italic Dialects 
 came into my hands too late for me to make almost any use of it in the text, but it was of 
 material assistance in the preparation of Index XI. 
 
 » 
 In conclusion I have to express my warm appreciation of the keen personal interest with 
 which the donor of the Catalogue has foUoM-ed the progress of a work that owes its existence 
 to his large-minded liberality. 
 
 GEORGE MACDONALD. 
 
 The University, 
 Glasgow. 
 
 Januarii, 1899. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Prefatory Note by Keeper of Hunterian Museum . . . . . i 
 
 Preface ......... iii 
 
 Corrections and Additions ... ... viii 
 
 Introduction. The Hunter Coin Cabinet ...... ix 
 
 Appendix to Introduclion. Dr. Hunter's Account of Purchases . . . xlv 
 
 Signs and Abbreviations ........ 2 
 
 Italy ......... 3 
 
 Ae.s Grave ........ 3 
 
 Etruria ........ 16 
 
 Umbria ........ 19 
 
 Picenuni ........ 20 
 
 Latium ......... 21 
 
 Samniuni ........ 22 
 
 Prentani . . . . . . . .25 
 
 Campania . . . . . ... 26 
 
 Apulia , . . . . . . . .53 
 
 Calabria ■•...... 61 
 
 Lucania ........ 85 
 
 Bruttium ........ 120 
 
 Uncertain of Italy •••.... 150 
 
 Sicily ......... 153 
 
 Macedon, Thrace, etc. ........ 263 
 
 Pangaean District ....... 263 
 
 Emathian District ....... 266 
 
 Bisaltian District ....... 268 
 
 Chalcidice ........ 270 
 
 Sti-ymonian and Bottiaean Districts . . . . . 275 
 
 Kings of Macedon ....... 283 
 
 Kings of Paeouia ....... 348 
 
 Macedon Semi-Independent ....... 350 
 
 Macedon under the Romans ...... 354 
 
 Southern Coast of Thrace ....... 377 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Tbracian Chersonesus . 
 
 Islands of Thrace 
 
 European Coast of the Propontis 
 
 Danubian District 
 
 Tauric Chersonesus 
 
 Thracian Kings and Dynasts 
 
 Inland Cities of Thrace 
 
 Thessaly 
 
 PACK 
 
 385 
 388 
 393 
 405 
 422 
 425 
 438 
 
 449 
 
 Indexes ......... 461 
 
 I. Geographical . . . . . - . . 4C3 
 
 II. Kings and Dynasts ...... 465 
 
 III. Roman Emperors and Impeiial Personages .... 466 
 
 IV. Types ....... 467 
 
 V. Symbols ........ 480 
 
 VI. Countermai'ks ....... 485 
 
 VII. Magistrates' Names on Autonomous Coins .... 485 
 
 VIII. Magistrates' Names on Imperial Coins .... 488 
 
 IX. Roman Magistrates' Names ...... 488 
 
 X. Engravers' Nanies ...... 489 
 
 XI. Remarkable Inscriptions, Titles of Cities, etc. .... 489 
 
 (a) Greek ...... 489 
 
 (/3) Latin ....... 491 
 
 (y) Oscan ...... 492 
 
 (S) Etruscan ...... 493 
 
 (e) Punic ...... 493 
 
 Table of the Relative Weights of English Grains and French Grammes . . . 494 
 
 Table for converting English Inches into Millimetres and into the MeasiU'es of Mionnet's Scale 495 
 
 CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS 
 
 Page xxiii, 1. 27, for octodrachms read octadrachms 
 
 ,, xxvii, footnote +, for this volume read vol. II. 
 Pages 277 and 278, No. 22 thoidd precede No. 21, followinrj No. 20 diredhj 
 Page 328, No. 303, for /^ read /^ 
 
 ,, 328, No. 306, for -^^ read ^^ 
 
 ,, 343, Nos. 1 and 2, add footnote: 'Tiic hnad may, however, ho that of Perseus, Philiji's e'dest 
 son. See G. F. Hill, in Num. Chron., 1896, pp. 3-i ff.' 
 
 ,, 458, footnote, add; ' See, however, Num. Chron., 1898, p. 286 (Plate xix. 1), whore Mr. Errle- 
 Fox, from a fine specimen in his own collection, shows that the nearer animal is a 
 monster resembling a centaur but having the bod}' and legs of a bull, while the faither 
 one is a bridled hor.se.' 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 THE HUNTEB COIN CABINET 
 
 To tlie Eighteentli Century is mainly clue the liononr of re -discovering an almost forgotten aspect 
 of Greek and Roman antiquity. The Italian Humanists and the men of the Renaissance had 
 shown themselves possessed of a keen eye for the beauty of ancient works of art.* But in the 
 Middle Ages such an interest was possible only for those who dwelt in lands strewn thickly with 
 the wreckage of the past. The advance in civilisation that followed the concentration of power 
 in the hands of central governments, changed all that. Communication between one country and 
 another became easier than it had ever been before. Foreign travel was no longer left to 
 diplomatists, traders and soldiers of fortune. Scholars and dilettanti from many quarters began 
 to move with comparative freedom through the towns of Italy and the Levant ; and, as a result, 
 Europe suddenly woke to an enthusiastic appreciation of the scattered fragments that had 
 survived the neglect of ages. The collecting of statuary, of vases, and of coins became a fashion, 
 and numbers of these objects found their way northwards and westwards, particularly to England, 
 whose rapidly increasing wealth gave her citizens the means of outbidding most of their 
 continental rivals. 
 
 Conspicuous among the London collectors was Dr. William Hunter, whose cabinet of coins 
 and medals remains the finest ever got together by a private individual. Its trays contain 
 about 30,000 specimens, of which over 12,000 are Greek and nearly the same number Roman. 
 Nor is it on the ground of size alone that it is remarkable. For, extensively as he purchased, 
 Hunter did not purchase at random. Many of the coins are of extreme rarity, some are 
 absolutely unique, while the great majority are in exceptionally good condition. Their owner, as lie 
 more than once explicitly states, possessed no scientific knowledge of numismatics. But he kept 
 himself constantly in touch with those who did, and availed himself of the advice of experts 
 in all cases where the instinct of the amateur was likely to be at fault. He collected in the 
 first instance "for pleasure." Being, however, a man of singular foresight and breadth of view 
 
 * We hear of coins as articles of merchandise in Venice as early as 133o. Miintz, Lea Precwseurs de la 
 Renaissance, p. 38. Cf. Dr. Rudolf Weil, Zur Geschwhte des Studiums der Numismatik, in vol. xix, of the 
 Zeitschvift fur Ni/mismatik. 
 
 c 
 
X mTRODUCTIOX 
 
 m every department of intellectual life, lie early became alive to the important part that coins 
 might play in " the illustration and confirmation of history." The more fully he realised the 
 exceptional opportunities for study afforded by a large collection, the more generously did he 
 spend money and labour in the endeavour to make his own as complete as possible. Indeed, 
 it is no exaggeration to say that he regarded the possession of his Cabinet as a public trust, 
 and its augmentation as a public diity. And when he bequeathed it in its entirety to the 
 University of Glasgow, it was because he believed that such a step was most likely to lead 
 to its resources being adequately utilised " for the improvement of knowledge." 
 
 The story of the formation of the Hunter Cabinet is worth telling for its own sake, and 
 incidentally it may throw light on the character of the man whose name the collection bears. 
 In more than one respect posterity has done William Hunter's memory scant justice. The 
 materials for the following sketch have been drawn partly from the brief Latin preface to Combe's 
 Veicrijjtio, and partly from unpublished papers and correspondence now in the Hunterian Museum 
 at Grlasgow. As the references show, free use has been made of the ordinary " sources " for | 
 
 the private history of the Eighteenth Century. Among the original documents, which are 
 unfortunately but fragmentary, the most valuable is the autograph ' Account ' of the sums 
 expended in various years on the purchase of coins and medals ; this will be found printed 
 at length in an Appendix. All the more interesting letters are reproduced in the course of the 
 narrative. Of the dealers' receipts few are sufficiently detailed to yield any information of 
 importance. 
 
 In 1770, Hunter, who was by this time the foremost medical man in London, removed 
 from Jermyn Street to Great Windmill Street, where he had built himself a large house, 
 including one magnificent room specially fitted up to sei've as a museum. There is some reason 
 to thijik that his taste for numismatics developed at an earlier period. But it was not until 
 now that the foundations of the Coin Cabinet were really laid. The nucleus was formed by 
 the collectiuu of the Eev. William Dawes, who had lived some years at Aleppo,* where the 
 whole of his coins were picked up. The catalogue of these has been preserved. As was to 
 be expected from the locality in which they were gathered, they are chiefly silver and bronze 
 of Syrian kings, and bronze, both autonomous and imperial, of Syrian cities. In all there 
 are about 450 entries. The actual number of specimens is, however, considerably larger, as 
 in many cases several coins are grouped together under one heading as " duplicates." 
 Unfortunately, a misunderstanding as to the interpretation of this word led to a serious 
 difference of opinion about the terms of the purchase. The owner being dead, the sale was 
 carried through by his brother, also a clergyman, the Kev. Arthur Dawes. The bargain was 
 that Hunter should pay £220 and " return the duplicates." But buyer and seller took very 
 different views as to what the phrase meant, and the latter was grievously disappointed when 
 he saw how few coins were sent back. Writing from Mile End on June 29th, 1770, he says 
 indignantly : — " If your friends, w[h]ether Duane Snelling or Sandwich, t I care not which, 
 have found out some small letters, to prove a nan Duplicity ; I am sure when I left the 
 medals at your house, you nor myself had any Idea of Duplicates extending or being multiplyed 
 
 * As we sliall .<!ee, the Dawes Cabinet was not the only set of coins that Hunter procured from Aleppo, 
 at this time the chief place of trade in Asia Minor. 
 
 t For Duane, see p. xxii. ; for Snelling, p. xiii. ; and for Sandwich, p. xiii. 
 
I 
 
 INTRODUCTION xi 
 
 to eight or nine, at least 'tis a way of reckoning I do not understand I aui not 
 
 satisfyed, nor can I be, unless you return the Duplicates, or take the whole at 250, which 3 
 months ago I would not have thanked [you] for." 
 
 How the matter ended is uncertain. The negative evidence supplied by his ' Account ' 
 of his purchases, which, however, is not absolutely reliable,* indicates that Hunter held to 
 his position. In any event the dispute caused him much annoyance. The following reply 
 to Dawes is so characteristic as to be worth quoting in extenso. Like the other letters of 
 Hunter printed here, it is taken from an autograph draft of the original, preserved among 
 his papers in the Museum. 
 
 "Sir 
 
 " From the character you bore, as well as from your behaviour, and from the 
 character which I wish to support, I expected that in our bargain about the medals we should have 
 no dilFej-ence. I would fain hope that any difficulty which has happened may have risen from 
 misapprehension. So far as that goes, I crave, and in my turn am ready to give pardon. 
 But as we see the transaction in a very different light, and as the hints in your letter are 
 of a serious and delicate nature, I will state my part towards you both in facts and opinions, 
 and leave you to your inclination. I am determined that our impartial friends shall not be 
 able to say that I am wrong. And this shall be the last time if possible that I shall give 
 up my time to the subject. It has already taken up a great deal too much. 
 
 "1. It would give me pain to take your collection for less than what I suppose their 
 value to be. What pleasure could it be (and I collect for pleasure) to look at coins for which 
 you, or yoiir children, ought to have had more money ? 
 
 " 2. I never meant, or wished to give more than their full value. 
 
 " 3. I do not, nor ever pretended to judge of their value from my own knowledge — and I 
 think you should not. 
 
 "4. I was to be determined by Mr. Snelling or Mr. Duane ; because I believed them to 
 be capable and honest. Their characters are irreproachable ; and, as you know, I was guided 
 by Mr. Duane's judgement in my bargain with Mr. Sadlerf for £900, and I dare say the 
 price is very nearly a proper one. I made the offer at once. It was accepted. I would not 
 have given more. It is my Rule to oifer at once what I will give, when I treat with 
 Gentlemen. Gentlemen should always do so. 
 
 " 5. You told me Mr. Snelling valued them at, or icould give £200, and that they would 
 bring nearly as much without the Duplicates. 
 
 " 6. I gave you credit for this implicitly ; and meant to give 10 ^ cent. more. 
 However, to put an end to the affair in the best way, I offered £230, which was 15 ^ cent, 
 advanced, and I told Mr. Levett that I would give no more ; for this reason among 
 others that my pride would not let me higgle, and tiy to get them for less than I would 
 really give, 
 
 * A comparison of the entries with such receipts as have survived, shows that items liave sometimes 
 been forgotten. If Hunter compromised the matter by a small additional payment, as seems probable from 
 a second letter of Duwes, he may have neglected to note it down. 
 
 t Stie p. xiii. 
 
 C 2 
 
xii INTRODUCTION 
 
 " Why did not the matter end here, when neither of us had had much trouble ? I had 
 taken my part. Surely you knew that I believed the whole collection was worth no more, 
 and that I would not give more for the wdiole. If you did not know this, it was because 
 you did not believe what I said, and while I was acting and speaking, as I think a gentleman 
 would, you was supposing me to be going through the part of a dealer. 
 
 " 7. You made me another offer, viz. to take £220 and the Duplicates. I told you that I 
 should like that better, for that it would save me 10£, that I had no use for Duplicates, 
 and did not imagine they were of much value. But I saw that chusing out the Duplicates 
 might turn out (as it has) an affair of delicacy. I explained what I meant, viz. No medal 
 was a Duplicate where there was a difference in the Dye ; and tn-o were not duplicates, u-hen 
 hy injuries of i:)reservation they were hath necessary to malie out the medal either in the figures 
 or inscription. You agreed. 
 
 " The above fact is important ; I am conscious and certain of it, Mr. Hewson rememhers 
 it distinctly ; and I dare say Mr. Levet does, tho I have not asked him. 
 
 "7 [.sic]. Then I paid the £220 — received the medals — and, in case of accidents, gave you 
 an obligation for returning tJie duplicates — or faying £30 more — or returning the whole; and 
 was hurried out from you. 
 
 " 8. Some days after, Mr. Levet told me you was rather uneasy about the last supposition 
 viz. returning the ichole. I said I meant it only for your security, if you did not like the 
 Duplicates. 
 
 "9. Now Sir, I have kept to my agreement wdth an upright intention in every part of the 
 transaction. So far as I know I have not kept one duplicate of one shilling value, and among 
 the unimportant Brass of the lower Empire I dare say that I have both kept duplicates and 
 given you likewise what I have no duplicate of for myself. I was tired of the labour, and 
 would not do it again for £50. If our bargain should be void, that will be a considerable 
 regret, I mean the loss of time. 
 
 "10. The collection was neither valued nor hought by the catalogue, but by Mr. Snelling's 
 examination of the medals themselrcs. 
 
 " Now Sir, my conscience tells me that I have not kept back one Duplicate, and that 
 the whole collection is not worth £250. I will therefore keep my only promise viz. of giving 
 230 for the whole or 220 returning the Duplicates which you have, or I will give up the 
 whole upon receiving back the 220. In this last case I shall think myself ill-used ; biit that 
 would give me less uneasiness than it would to think that I had used you ill. 
 
 " This affair has grown so disagreeable to me that I must beg it may be finished as soon 
 as your convenience will permit. I should have wrote sooner myself but I have been distress[ed] 
 for time ; and I wished to state the transaction distinctly. 
 
 "P.S. I have shewn to some Gentlemen and I shall be ready to shew you or any of your 
 friends (indeed I must insist upon that before I part with the Collection) that there is not a 
 duplicate in Alexr., Lysimachus, or Arsaces. These are the instances in your letter of my 
 having kept 8, and 2, and 10, duplicates. 
 
 My Respects to Mrs, Dawes. 
 
 I am, itc. 
 
INTRODUCTION xiii 
 
 "P.S. If _you are still dissatisfied tliere is a method (to which I shall readily submit) of 
 discovering whether such dissatisfaction be reasonable or not. Submit the whole to two men 
 of honour, and let Messrs. Snelling, Levett and Hewsou give evidence. These three know 
 every part of the transaction." 
 
 While the negotiations with Dawes were still pending, Hunter was busy in other directions. 
 English and Papal coins and medals to the value of £1G9 were bought from Thomas Snelling, a 
 well-known dealer of the day, held in repute as the author of various papers on the coinage 
 of Great Britain and Ireland.* About midsummer the new museum was enriched by the 
 acquisition of the Cabinet of Thomas Sadler, formei'ly deputy clerk of the Pells. This had 
 been brought together in the early part of the century, and some of its contents had been 
 mentioned in the Catalogue of the Bodleian Coins, f others in Haym's Tesoro Britannico.X As 
 taken over by Hunter, the collection consisted of 2425 specimens, of which only about 350 
 were Greek. Of the remainder, 886 were Roman imperial denarii, 196 Roman consular denarii, 
 and the rest chiefly Papal and English medals, or English, Scottish and Irish coins. The 
 sum originally set upon it by Sadler's son, who was the seller, was £950, an estimate 
 arrived at by adding about 12 per cent, to the prices his father had paid many years before. 
 Duane, however, whom Hunter consulted, expressed the opinion that some of the coins were 
 over-valued, and the purchase was finally concluded for £900. 
 
 It will be remembered that among those mentioned by Dawes as " friends " of Hunter there 
 occurred the name of Sandwich. This was John Montagu, fourth Earl of Sandwich, once one of 
 the notorious monks of Medmenham, and subsequently known, from his "betrayal" of Wilkes, by 
 the sobriquet of 'Jemmy Twitcher,' whose conduct during his eleven years of office as First 
 Lord of the Admiralty was "as great a scandal to public as it had all along been to private 
 morality. "§ To judge from their correspondence, the relations between him and Hunter were 
 never intimate, such bond of union as existed being partly numismatic and partly professional. || 
 In the spring of 1770 Isaac Jamineau, British Consul at Naples, wrote to Sandwich, whom 
 he knew to be a collector, and oifered a number of coins for sale. There is a delicious touch 
 of humour in his description of his wares. " I can venture to affirm that there is nowhere 
 to be found in equal numbers so many rare medals and so finely preserved in any collection 
 of the large and middle Bro[n]ze. They stand me in about 400 guineas. But then I have 
 had the culling of more than one collection. Amongst others that of the Prince of Concha 
 
 * A list of these is given in Nichols, Literary Anecdote!!, iii., pp. 619 f. 
 
 t Francis Wise, Nummorum cmtiquorum scnniis Bodleianis reconditorum Catalogus (Oxon. 1750). On p. x. of 
 the Introduction the author says : " Viri humanissimi Tho. Sadler Arm. nummotheca indies nobis patuit." 
 
 X Niccolo Franceso Haym, Del Tesoro Britannico parte jmrtia, overo il Museo Nummario, ore si contengmio 
 le medaijlie Greche e Lntine in ogni metallo e forma non prima puhblicate, London, 1719. An English translation 
 appeared at the same time and place. No more was published ; but a Latin edition, revised and enlarged, 
 was issued at Vienna in 1762. 
 
 § Prof. J. K. Laughton in the Dictionary of National Biography. 
 
 II We find from one of the letters that Hunter numbered among his patients Sandwich's mistress, 
 Margaret or Martha Ray, whose murder by a rejected admirer created an immense sensation in London. 
 She was shot as she was leaving Covent Garden Theatre on April 7th, 1779. The murderer, who was a 
 yoimg clergyman named James Hackman, was hanged at Tyburn. See Boswell's Life of Johnson, under date 
 April 16th, 1779. 
 
XIV 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 mentioned by Vaillant for its rarity passed thro my hands, and that by the very accident 
 that was provided to keep them from passing out of the family — for as they were entailed 
 they could not he sold publickly for -their value, but as the widow and son had access to them 
 they each stole them from themselves and let me have them for half what they were worth. 
 If I meet with a fair purchaser for the whole, I would not avail myself however of tliese 
 accidental advantages." 
 
 Sandwich found himself unable to afford the sum required. He therefore passed the 
 offer on to Hunter, whom he considered " one of our most promising collectors of medals," 
 assuring him at the same time that Jamineau was to be relied upon. " I am very positive," 
 he says, " that if they are not worth the money, it is owing to his want of skill, and not to 
 any design in him to impose, as he is a very honest man, and has expectations from me 
 that such a conduct would interfere with." Enquiry in other quarters satisfied Hunter that 
 the bargain would be a good one, and he agreed to take over the collection for £400.* The 
 coins, which were chiefly Eoman, reached London in 1771. Shortly afterwards another Italian 
 cabinet, that of the Marchese Leonori of Pesaro, was acquired for 200 guineas. Other 
 additions of considerable value were made in the course of this year. These included 
 twenty-eight pieces of Roman gold purchased from Mr. Daltonf for £73 lis., as well as a number 
 of coins that had been collected by Dr. Murdoch Mackenzie^ during thirty-six years' residence 
 in Smyrna and Constantinople. 
 
 In 1772 Snelling continued to buy freely for Hunter, who during that year paid hira 
 about £400. The cabinet of Mr. Peter Sainthill, a famous London surgeon recently deceased, 
 was also acquired en bloc for £170. It consisted chiefly of English coins. More important 
 was the unfortunate series of transactions regarding the Peralta Collection, which led to a 
 somewhat heated correspondence between Hunter and Louis Dutens, well known in his day 
 as a diplomatist and man of letters. § Contrary to his usual custom, Hunter has preserved 
 no record of the letters written by himself in the course of the dispute. Three letters from 
 Dutens survive. Although they present only one side of the case, they show plainly enough 
 that the whole trouble had its origin in a misunderstanding, and that the matter was 
 
 * As soon as Lord Rockingham heard of the projected purchase, he wrote Hunter begging for a sight of 
 the catalogue. In returning it he expressed the hope that when the coins arrived he might be allowed to 
 make an offer for some of the finest. Hunter's answer has not been preserved, but it seems unlikely that 
 he would accede to such a request. 
 
 t Presumably Richard Dalton, " keeper of the pictures, medals, etc., and antiquary to his majesty," who 
 died in 1791. He had travelled a good deal in Mediterranean countries, and is best known by his sketches 
 made in Egypt and elsewhere. The coins and medals which he possessed at the time of his death, were 
 sold by auction by Gerard (Soho, London) on 20th April, 1791. 
 
 J It was he who brought from the East the rare coin of Gangra in Paphlagonia, which will be described in 
 vol. ii. (See infra, p. xxiv.) He was the atithor of one or two scientific papers {Med. Obs. and Inq. for 1755), and 
 he communicated to the Royal Society accounts of the plague at Constantinople, and also of an earthquake 
 there {Phil. Trans. Abr., x., 229, xii., 102, 283, 648). On the present occasion he must have parted with 
 only a portion of his collection. For in March, 1780, the sale took place in London of the Greek and 
 Roman coins of " Dr. Mordach [sic] Mackenzie, deceased." 
 
 § Dutens, who was of French Huguenot extraction, died in 1812 at the age of 82. He was at one 
 time British charge d'affaires at Turin, and was the author of Explication de quelques medailles de Peiiplef:, 
 de Hois, et de Villes, Grecqiies et Pheniciemies (1773). The most important of his other works was his edition 
 of Leibnitz (Geneva, 1768). 
 
INTRODUCTION xv 
 
 ultimately cleared up to the entire satisfaction of both parties. The longest document is a 
 printed statement, covering four quarto pages, and evidently intended for circulation among 
 friends. It is dated 1st December, 1772, and bears title : A State of Mr. Butens's Case with 
 regard to a Commi.'ision given him hy Dr. Hunter. From this we gather that early in 1772 
 Hunter, knowing that Dutens had been a good deal abroad, asked him whether he could 
 tell him of any cabinets of medals anywhere, the owners of which might be willing to 
 dispose of them. Dutens suggested the collection of Count Peralta at Milan. When he 
 saw it some years before, it had been valued at £1,500. Now, he had heard, the owner 
 was in financial straits and had pledged it for half that sum. A judicious oifer might 
 bring it to London ; his only regret was that he was unable to buy it for himself. As a 
 result of this report Hunter authorised Dutens to write to a banker friend in Milan, Castelli 
 by name, and direct him to enquire whether Count Peralta would sell his coins for £850. 
 Castelli, thinking that the instructions amounted to a commission to buy, and ignorant of 
 Hunter's interest in the aifair, went straight to the Abbe in charge of the collection, 
 concluded a bargain for £800, and drew a bill upon Dutens for the amount. Dutens, who 
 had only £200 of a balance at his banker's, appealed to Hunter as the real purchaser to 
 relieve him of his responsibility. But Hunter's suspicions had in the meantime been aroused. He 
 determined to resist what looked like an organised attempt to force his hand, and he declined 
 to disburse any money until the coins should be delivered in London. The position of Dutens 
 was anything but pleasant. On the one hand, he had Castelli clamouring for repayment. On 
 the other, he had Hunter threatening to repudiate all connection with the affair, and pointing 
 out in detail the circumstances that were calculated to rouse distrust. The climax came when 
 the cabinet ari'ived at Great Windmill Street. The packets of coins were opened in presence 
 of Hunter and his numismatic friends. There were in all between 7,000 and 8,000 specimens, 
 but many of them were false and many more were in poor condition. Such, at least, was the 
 impression left by the first hasty inspection. Hunter's disappointment was great, and the 
 alarm of Dutens increased in proportion. Fortunately, a second and more leisurely examination 
 proved rather less unsatisfactory, and the remaining letters, both addressed by Dutens to Hunter, 
 show that the money difficulty was amicably arranged. "I am sensible," writes Dutens, " you could 
 have no other reason of delaying the Payment of the Collection but that of wishing to be satisfied 
 about the Genuineness of it, since you agreed to take it, the moment you were convinced it was 
 the real Peralta Collection, which I had seen in my passage thro Milan. I hope you will 
 be persuaded. Dear Sir, that Nothing has given me so much concern as the disappointment 
 you have met with in this affair." In other words, all that Hunter wished to guard against 
 was the possibility of being victimised by the Milan banker. He had to pay dearly 
 for the mistaken estimate that Dutens had formed of the collection. But so far was 
 he from bearing him malice on that account that he closed the unpleasant incident by 
 presenting him with the most valuable medal that the unlucky cabinet had contained. 
 
 The payment for the Peralta Collection falls into the year 1773.* Earlier in the same 
 year Hunter had paid Snelling over £600. More tlian half of this was for coins and medals, 
 chiefly English, purchased on his behalf at the sale of James West, a former President of the 
 
 * The amount at which it is entered is £(i80 phix a "ballance" of £30 9.?. 6^7. The sum paid hy Castelli 
 was £800. The difference possibly represents what Hunter was able to get for the duplicates. 
 
xvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 Eoyal Society, The instructions given to Snelling on tliis occasion are preserved. Tliey are 
 in Hunter's own handwriting, and are very detailed. No limit is laid down as to prices. 
 These facts combine to show the keen personal interest that Hunter took in the growth of 
 his treasure-house, as well as the extent to which he relied on the judgment of his agent. 
 It was the last transaction that took place between them. Early in May Snelling died. 
 His friend John Thane, afterwards author of British Autography * fell heir to a large 
 measure of his patron's confidence. A new adviser, however, now appeared upon the scene. 
 This was Charles Combe, the future editor of the Descriptio. Born in Bloomsbury in 1743, 
 and educated at Harrow, he studied medicine and qualified himself to carry on his father's 
 business of apothecary, to which he succeeded in 1768. Sixteen years later he received a 
 licence to practise from the University of Glasgow, and speedily made a great reputation' as 
 an obstetric physician. No doubt his long connection with Hunter must have proved of 
 benefit to him professionally.! But its most important result lay in the facilities it placed 
 at his disposal for the pursuit of his favourite study. With his friend's coin cabinet to 
 work upon, he became the most distinguished English numismatist of the century. EckhelJ 
 selects him for honourable mention as one of the few men wdiose judgment on a question 
 of genuineness was to be absolutely trusted, and his Bescriptio, which the same authority§ 
 speaks of as " catalngus a Comhio erudite, nitide, et adcurate contextus" is still cited with respect 
 by scholars at home and abroad. From 1773 onwards he rendered Hunter great assistance 
 in making his purchases, as is clear from the frequency with which his name appears in the 
 'Account.' The extent to which Hunter was dependent on his knowledge is apparent from 
 the following curious note from Combe, which was probably written in 1776, || and which is 
 printed here precisely as it stands. " Perhaps y^ Doctor will like to mention as a piece of 
 numismatic news his having lately got a brass coin of y^ middle size which appears to belong 
 to y'^ son of Tigranes y° Great who was made King by Pompey it is Inscrib'd BAZIAEVZ 
 MEPAZ , NEOZ . TirPANElZ . his head with a Tiara on y^ reverse a female head 
 & .•.•.•.•••.' BAZIAEOV TirPANOV . AAEA<|)H . y' Docf will please to examine 
 y* coin and paper with it in regard to y'' legend as in all probability Mr. C.'s memory is not 
 good eno' to be dej^ended on." 
 
 * London, 1793. Thane died in 1818 at the age of 71. His coins and medals, "Greek, Roman Saxon, 
 English and Scotch," with a few rings and antiquities, were sold by Sotheby in April and in December, 1819. 
 
 t It was certainly this connection that procured him his diploma from Glasgow University. In the 
 minute in which the matter is first mentioned (April 30th, 1784), he is described as "one of Dr. Hunter's 
 English Trustees, a Gentleman well known at London in the Medical World ; and a person of very extensive 
 Literature and distinguished abilities in many Branches of Science, as well as in the different Branches of 
 Medicine." 
 
 X Doctrina, vol. i., p. cxviii, 
 
 § Op. cit., vol. i., p. clxx. 
 
 II Though written on a separate slip of paper, it appears to be a postscrijit to a letter announcing 
 that " Mr. Robinson of y« royal society is dead, he held y^ place of Accomptant at y^ british museum 
 £12-0-0 ^ annum," and asking Hunter to use his influence with the Trustees to secure the appointment 
 for Mr. Mathews, already engaged in the Museum. Mr. Warwick Wi'oth, who has kindly made search, 
 informs me that the Museum records do not take cognisance of the oflice of Accountant at that early 
 date. In the absence of any definite authority, we may conjecture that " Mr. Robinson " was identical with 
 John Robertson, Librarian to the Royal Society, whose death on December 11th, 1776, is recorded in the 
 Gentleman's Mar/azine, vol. xlvi., p. 579. 
 
INTRODUCTIOJS" ■ xvii 
 
 The ac(|uisition of the Peralta Collection brought the total number of ancient coins in 
 Hunter's possession up to close on 1(3,000. Of these, as we learn from a jotting dated 
 May 30, 1773, about 1,500 were Greek and over 8,000 Eoman, The additions during 1774 
 were comparatively small, and consisted chiefly of modern coins and medals. But it 
 was the opportunity rather than the will to purchase that was wanting. We get a 
 glimpse of Hunter's amazing energy in a letter dated Cadiz, March 21, 1774. The writer 
 reports that Hunter's " list of names of Gent" who possess cabinets of ancient medals in 
 Spain " had been handed to a certain John Hunter, employed in a business-house in that 
 country. "Said J. H. will write to some friends at Madrid and Valencia immediately to 
 procure some information regarding those who are siti;ated near each of those places, and 
 will also by means of his friends in Cadiz endeavour to get some account of those in 
 Granada and other parts of this kingdom. — If any of them are willing to sell their collec- 
 tions, Mr. H. will forward to the Doctor their catalogues so soon as he can prociire them." 
 
 These enquiries proved fruitless. And the same year had at least one other disappointment 
 in store. Some time previously, probably in 1772, Hunter had made the acquaintance of 
 Sir William Hamilton, the well-known antiquary and diplomatist, who for the long period of 
 thirty-six years (1764 — 1800) held the post of British Ambassador at Naples. In the autumn 
 of 1774 the following correspondence took place between them. 
 
 „ g. " Naples, Octr. 4th, 1774. 
 
 " As you seem'd to be desirous of augmenting your collection of Medals I send you 
 the inclosed catalogue.* I do not collect medals and I have no commission to collect for 
 the Museum, but as I think these medals, that belong to one of the first familys here, are 
 as fine and as well preserved as any I ever saw I shou'd wish them to be in England. The 
 owner must be tempted to part with them, the value he has set on them seems to me 
 exorbitant, four thousand Eoman Zechins— but that need not allarm you, be so good as 
 examine the catalogue and let me know how far you would offer and I will endeavor to 
 manage the matter for you. Tlie owner is a gamester and a sum properly offer'd may do 
 the business at a proper season. I shou'd be glad to enrich my country by this collection 
 at the same time that I give you pleasure. Be so good as to send me an answer soon, 
 if you do not intend to purchase more medals, give the catalogue to Mr. Duane, for I 
 promised to give him information of any medals that cou'd be got at here. The gold medals 
 are every one as if they were just coin'd, and the Brass are likewise in most excellent 
 preservation. Your new })ublicationt is eagerly expected here. 
 
 I am Sir 
 
 with great regard and esteem 
 your most obedt. 
 
 humble servant 
 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 * The catalogue is still preserved. The collection consisted of 131 gold pieces (of which 101 weie 
 Imperial), 400 silver pieces (of which 312 were Roman, and 88 Greek), o9 Roman medallions, and 5l'3 bronze 
 coins (all Roman). There were in addition two intaglios. 
 
 t There can hardly he a doubt that the reference is to a catalogue of Hunter's coins. Combe's 
 JJf'scriptio was not published until 1782. But Hunter had long cherished the idea of a great series of 
 publications. So far as I have been able to ascertain, this is the earliest delinite allusion to the plan. 
 
 d 
 
xviii INTRODUCTION 
 
 The draft of Hunter's reply shows that a residence of thirty-three years in Loudon had 
 in no way impaired his native caution. 
 
 " Sir 
 
 " I am very sensible of this proof of the kindness which I have experienced before, 
 being continued to me; and should be happy in my turn, to serve you in any way you may 
 employ me. 
 
 " My collection of medals is now in such a state, that I Avish more to procure finer 
 specimens than to enlarge the number ; principally from having had a large collection (the 
 Peralta) from Italy almost all of which were in had or indifferent preservation, and many of 
 the more scarce were false. The collectors here are more nice about preservation than they 
 seem to be in Italy. What we call fine preservation is elegant and beaidifull j what I 
 believe you call bellissimo and conservatissimo. And we allow neither false medals to be mixed, 
 for tilling up the series, nor even those that are suspicious. We say that if a medal is but suspected, 
 it is good for nothing, because it proves nothing. And in the foreign collections which have come 
 over here, there have always been numbers of false medals which by the catalogue appeared to be 
 genuine. Thence it is, that we cannot pretend to calculate, any thing nearly, to the real 
 value of a collection, by a catalogue ; especially as the value is to be made out, principally, 
 from the smaller number, viz. the more scarce. The same medal, in your catalogue, might be 
 well worth 10 guineas if genuine and fine, for which I would not give 10 pence if false, or 
 10 shillings if in indifferent preservation. And, among the Italians especially, men of the fairest 
 pretensions to honour, will cheat in recommending their medals, as they will here in selling- 
 horses. Thence Mr. Dutens was cheated by a very miicJi, ohliged friend* in the collection he 
 bought for me, and two other considerable collections which we have seen here from Italy 
 turned out not worth more than the half of what was given for them.f 
 
 " Mr. Jamineau's collection, from his having stuiiied medals, was a good one : and the 
 value was thought, by our best judges here, to be determined, upon the whole, reasonably. 
 He is so kind as to give me his good offices, and sent me a small list very lately. I only 
 desired that they might be finely preserved, and left the price to his judgement. 
 
 "Mr. Duane and Mr. Combe, both good judges, have calculated the value by the 
 Catalogue and your account of the Preservation. They make it £511, without the Intaglio [s] 
 and King[s], and 11 pieces of Italian gold money. But they allow that this sum may be at 
 
 * The reference is not to Castelli, but to the Abb6 Eecalcati, of whom Dutens says in his printed 
 
 statement, " I have clone him the greatest service that a man can do to another by my recommendation 
 
 to some of the ministers at Milan during my stay there." He had charge of the collection, and must have 
 known its character. 
 
 t As the draft originally stood, the reference to the " two other considerable collections " was much 
 more explicit. It ran thus: "thence Lord Morton's collection was not worth above half of what he paid 
 for it. And from your not having studied medals, your collection at the Museum turns out almost worth 
 nothing, wliich is principally owing to the bad preservation or commonness of most of them. I know indeed 
 that you put little value upon them ; yet I expected that many of them would have been in fine preserva- 
 tion because I had imagined that you bought for the loorA-nuinship and beauty of which you are an 
 excellent Judge." As the next letter shows, it was Hamilton who purchased this collection for Lord 
 Morton; by "your collection" Hunter means the 6000 coins included in the museum which Hamilton sold 
 to the nation in 1772. 
 
INTRODUCTION" xix 
 
 least £100 too much, and perliaps too little : too much, if the preservation sliould not come 
 up to our Ideas, or if some of tlie coins be false ; and too little for tlie contrary reasons. 
 
 "We were more particularly at a loss to judge of the value of the ]\Iedallions ; and of 
 the coins of Magna Grecia, etc., which were only numbered, not specified. 
 
 "Now, as Mr. Jamineau is a judge of Medals and no doubt one who would be glad to 
 oblige you, and is so good as to assist me, could not you contrive that he should see them, 
 so as to examine the principal and form a general judgement of the rest? 
 
 "With these, the best Ideas I can communicate upon the subject, I will leave you to do 
 whatever your Friendship to me shall tell you is best ; and, for some time, I shall endeavour 
 to keep as much money at Mr. Drummond's as to be able to remit the Price to Naples upon 
 demand, if you should buy them. Your own medals and Mr. Jamineau's too were exceedingly 
 well packed up. I should wish the 3 different metals to be packed up separately, that they 
 might be weighed at the custum-hous as gold, silver, and copper ; and I should chuse to 
 ensure them at sea." 
 
 Thus far the draft. The letter itself apparently closed with a promise that a copy of the 
 " new publication " would be presented to Hamilton. His reply shows that the negotiations 
 came to nothing. In view of what subsequently happened,* this can hardly be called a 
 matter for regret. 
 
 "Naples, Jany. 2nd, 1775. 
 " Sir 
 
 " Soon after I had the pleasure of receiving your Letter of the 14th of Novr., I 
 went to examine the collection of medals with a person who has much greater knowledge in 
 medals than Mr. Jamineau ; for it is long, and for good reasons that I have had no manner 
 of connection with Mr. Jamineau, except upon His Majesty's service, and they were judged 
 to be in general true and well preserved, some few dubious, but none, or not above one or 
 two, that can be declared false. The gold collection is achnirably j^reserved, the medallions 
 are very fine and some exceedingly rare and the large bronze for the most part bellissimo 
 and conservatissimo. In short if I cou'd get them, even for 100/. more than you mention, 
 that is 600/., I shou'd not hesitate, as I am sure that they are particularly good and such as 
 cannot easily be procured for money. They are not in a dealer's hands, but one of tlie 
 nobility whose Father was a great collector and a very judicious one. I have told him the 
 estimation such as it cou'd be made from the imperfect idea that cou'd be formed from the 
 catalogue, but as his pretentions are far beyond that sum, I thought it not the time to offer 
 more, and that the best way is to appear cool about them ; if the owner has bad luck at 
 play, he will perhaps come to me, and at all events I will keej) an eye upon him, as I 
 realy shou'd be happy to do you a pleasure and secure such valuable monuments of antiquity 
 to our country. 
 
 " I never collected medals regularly and those that were lumped with my collection of 
 antiquities in the Museum were such as I bought accidently with other monuments of 
 antiqiiity. The collection I bought for the late Ld. Morton was a curious one, but I prefer 
 this little collection. 
 
 * See pp. xxix. ff. 
 
 d 2 
 
XX INTRODUCTION 
 
 "I am greatly oLliged to you for your kind intention of sending me a copy of your new 
 worlc wliicli I shall be very glad to see as I am convinced it will be perfect as everything 
 is that has been directed by you. 
 
 I am Sir with great 
 regard and esteem, 
 your most obedient 
 humble servant 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 The gamester's luck at play must have been better than Hamilton hoped for. Or possibly 
 he found another purchaser. At all events, we hear no more of the plan for acquiring his 
 collection. In the letter quoted above Hunter spoke of a commission given to Jamineau to be 
 on the look-out for coins in Naples and its neighbourhood. The instructions sent on this 
 occasion are worth reprinting. " Of the Large and Middle and Small Brass buy any that you 
 meet with in elegant or i-cry fine preservation be they ever so common, or the you may 
 know that Dr. Hunter has them. He thinks a number of medals in fi)ie preservation a 
 great ornament to a collection, and therefore wishes to change many that he already has for 
 better. Of the Roman Gold buy only a single medal of each ; and none but of fine or at 
 least good preservation. Of Greek kings and cities especially of Magna Graecia Dr. H. has a 
 Large Collection, yet would be glad that Mr. Jamineau would buy for him any that he meets 
 with in fine preservation either in Gold, Silver or Brass." In response to this request a 
 parcel was despatched from Naples in the end of 1774. Its contents were almost entirely 
 large brass (Roman), one gold piece being enclosed for transmission to Lord Sandwich, who 
 had long before asked Jamineau to pick up for him the first specimen of the kind he might 
 meet with. A few of the coins thus sent w'ere taken over by Combe, who was at the time 
 an independent collector. The remainder found a place in Hunter's own trays. 
 
 A glance at the 'Account' will show that the year 1775, like its predecessor, was 
 marked by few additions of importance to the Cabinet. There is, however, one entry that 
 calls for explanation. On August 26th Hunter paid £420 to Mr. Sadler. No reference to 
 this transaction occurs in the preface to the Descriptio, and none is preserved among the 
 archives of the Cabinet. But it is hardly possible to doubt that the clue is to be found in the 
 correspondence that took place five years earlier. We learn from the ' statement ' then submitted 
 by R. S. Sadler regarding his father's medals and coins that he did not part with the whole 
 to Hunter in 1770. He retained a small number of the more beautiful for himself, 
 notably fifty-five Roman gold pieces, selected for the fineness of their preservation. In all 
 probability it was this precious remnant that now followed the main body of the collection. 
 
 In April, 1770, the first donation of which we have any record was made. It consisted 
 of twenty coins out of a hoard of 222 found in 1774 " in a Talook in the neighbourhood of 
 Calcutta." Apparently this gift was suggested by the following letter, a draft of which remains 
 in the Museum. There is no indication of date or of direction. But it was evidently 
 addressed to someone of influence in the management of the Honourable East India 
 Company, by whose Directors the coins were presented. 
 
I 
 
 INTRODUCTION xxi 
 
 " Sir, 
 
 " The favour I meant to ask of tlie Directors tlirougli your interest is with tlie 
 view of serving Literature, and of illustrating eastern history. Many important facts of the 
 Greeks and Romans have been illustrated by their coins. Little of that kind has been yet 
 done with regard to eastern countries. A friend of mine is now upon that pursuit, and I 
 wisli to furnish him with materials.* 
 
 " In the Persic Gulf there is a fine opportunity of picking up the antient coins of the 
 great empires of the Medes, the Persians, the Parthians, and even of all the Eastern Greek 
 and Roman colonies, and of the Arabs, particularly while Bagdad was the seat of the 
 Empire. The labourers of the ground all about the Euphrates and Tigris, and all adjacent 
 places, I am told, find innumerable antient coins and sell tliem for little more than the 
 value of the metal. Would the Directors do me the honour to desire any intelligent servant 
 there to collect all such coins as are in tolerably good Preservation, whether in Gold, Silver 
 or Brass ; and to send home the first parcel that may be collected as soon as may be 
 convenient, that we may better judge of what may be expected or expedient? Till further 
 orders not to exceed the si;ni of 200 or 300£. If the Gentleman who collects shoiild happen to 
 be a judge of antient coins, the price will be left to his own judgement ; and if he does not know 
 a very common old coin from a very scarce or valuable one lie may be guided by the 
 following rules 
 
 For Gold give 3 for 2. 
 
 — Silver — 2 — 1. 
 
 . — Brass — 3 or 4—1." 
 
 The largest entries in the ' Account ' for 1770 have reference to the acquisition of one 
 of the chief glories of the Cabinet, — a splendid series of Ptolemaic gold coins, almost every 
 specimen of which is as fresh as when it was issued from the mint. The most of these 
 pieces were purchased from Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller, who had brought them with 
 him from Egypt on his return to England in 1774. Of this transaction we have no 
 details. But a lengthy correspondence gives us full particulars as to how the remainder 
 came into Hunter's hands. In Jiily, 1776, Charles Lindegreen, a Swede in business in the 
 city, was informed by his correspondents at Marseilles, that a Frenchman, resident as a 
 merchant at Cairo, had come home and was offering for sale eighteen Egyptian gold coins 
 in magnificent preservation. Of these, fourteen were said to be of the weight of "eight 
 Venetian sequins " each, while the other four were half as large. The price set upon them 
 by the owner was 200 louis d'or or 4,800 livres. Lindegreen replied at once, sending 
 instructions to buy, but to endeavour to secure a reduction in the price demanded. Shortly 
 afterwards the Marseilles fiim reported that the seller was obdurate. He understood perfectly 
 what the coins were. " The famous Mr. Bruce who lodged at his House, has given him 
 instructions about it." And he had been so much insulted at a lower offer made him on behalf 
 of the Abbe I'artht'lemy for the King's Cabinet, that he threatened to increase his demand 
 to 300 guineas. Lindegreen's agents gave him what he asked, and the coins were despatched 
 
 * It is just possible that the fiieud was Combe. 
 
xxii INTRODUCTION 
 
 to London, wliere tliey were immediately transferred to Hunter's Museum,* The amount 
 expended on these two lots of Egyptian gold was over £530. 
 
 In April, however, there had been concluded a very much larger purchase, and one which 
 rendered 1776 the most notable year in the history of the Cabinet. Prominent among 
 Hunter's numismatic friends was Matthew Duane, to whom allusion has more than once been 
 made. He was a lawyer, of Lincoln's Lm, a Fellow of the Eoyal Society, and a Trustee of 
 the British Museum. During a long life he had devoted much time and money to building- 
 up a very fine collection of ancient coins. He possessed a good knowledge of the subject, 
 but, like Hunter, he was too busy a man to turn his exceptional opportunities for study to 
 account. f He was now about 70 years of age, and it was not difficult to convince him that the 
 contents of his cabinet were likely to be more useful to scholars if they were under 
 Hunter's control. We cannot doubt but that the latter's scheme for a series of descriptive 
 catalogues had been discussed between them. To further it, Duane agreed to part with the 
 whole of his coins for the sum of £8,000, to be paid in instalments as follows : — £1,000 at 
 once, £1,500 in spring, £1,000 at Christmas, £1,000 in the summer of 1777, £1,000 at 
 Christmas of the same year, £1,000 at Christmas 1778, and the balance of £1,500 
 at Christmas 1779. The character of this arrangement is interesting as indicating that 
 Hunter had to trust to his professional income for meeting the expenses of his Museum ; he 
 had practically no accumulation of capital to draw upon. It should be noted that none of 
 these sums is entered in the ' Account ' until the whole has been paid. 
 
 Fate decreed that Duane should outlive Hunter by nearly two years. How great the 
 fame of his collection was, is shown clearly by the prominence given to it in the epitaph on 
 the mural monument to his memory in St. Nicholas Church, Newcastle. f It had been gathered 
 from many quarters. Amongst the earlier collectors, a large proportion of whose ancient coins 
 had passed into Duane's possession, were Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, whose collections 
 were disposed of in 1742, after his son's death ; Richard Mead (1673 — 1754), in his day the 
 first physician in London § ; Martin Folkes, President of the Royal Society and of the 
 Society of Antiquaries, and author of a work on "English Gold Coins ";|| and Philip 
 Carteret Webb, from whom were purchased a " noble series of Roman gold (among which 
 
 * Lindegreen was himself a collector ; but his letter announcing the arrival of the coins indicates that 
 in tliis transaction he acted simply as the agent of Hunter, who, it may be added, may possibly have 
 heard of the coins through Bruce. 
 
 t See letter from the Rev. George Ashby in Nichols, Literary III ust rat mis, vii., p. 402. 
 
 \ " He was of great eminence in the knowledge of the Law, and of the strictest integrity and liberality 
 in the practice of it ; at the same time the Friend and Patron of the Polite and Fine Arts ; and particularly 
 distinguished by his singular skill, judgment, and taste, in clausing and collecting a most complete series of 
 Syrian, Phoenician, Grecian, Roman, and other Coins, now deposited in the Museum of the late William 
 Hunter, M.D., for the illustration and confirmation of History." 
 
 § Nichols {Lit. Anecdotes, vi., pp. 212 ff.) tells us that Mead made from £-")000 to £7000 a year, wliich 
 helps us to estimate Hunter's professional income. His collections, which were sold in 1754-5, produced 
 over £16,000, of which nearly £2000 was for coins and medals. For his connection with the curious 
 doctrine propounded in Cliishull's tract, De Nmnmis qiiibusdam a Smyrnaeis in Medicorinn honorem percussis, 
 see 0/3. cit., i., p. 266. Chishull's paper appeared as a ' Dissertatio' appended to Mead's Harveian Oration, 
 delivered in 1723 and published in the following year. 
 
 II See Nichols, Lit. Anecdote.^, ii., pp. 578 ff., whore a complete list of Folkcs's writings will be found. 
 His collections were sold in 1756. 
 
 
INTRODUCTION xxiii 
 
 were Pompey, Lepidiis, d'c.) " and a " collection of Greek kings and towns,"* as well as 
 " 256 of Carausius, nine of them silver, and 89 of Allectus." The coins of Carausius and 
 Ailectus here referred to had been the property of Dr. Kennedy, formerly of Smyrna, who 
 died in 1760. f In addition to all this Duane had bought two entire cabinets. One of these 
 had belonged to the Rev. Louis Dutens, who has already been mentioned in another 
 connection. The other was the property of Gabriele Lancillotto Castello, Prince of Torremuzza, 
 a distinguished Sicilian antiquary, who had published a catalogue of his own collection at 
 Palermo in 1767, and who subsequently compiled a corjrus of the ancient coins of Sicily.J 
 It was doubtless from the last mentioned source that not a few of the specimens described 
 in the present volume were drawn. 
 
 An idea of the proportions to which Hunter's collection had by this time attained, can be 
 gathered from a jotting which records that on October 26, 1776, the " Syrian series " consisted of 
 685 coins, five being of gold, 232 of silver, and the balance of bronze. It is probable that all 
 of tliese were distinct specimens. For Hunter was in the habit of systematically ridding 
 himself of the many duplicates which the wholesale additions to his Cabinet natui-ally left upon 
 his hands. Between December, 1775, and August, 1776, he sold superfluous coins to the value 
 of over £500. § In October of the latter year we find him opening a correspondence with the 
 Abbe Barthelemy, then in charge of the Eoya] Cabinet at Paris, in the hope of being able to 
 establish a regular system of exchanges. One or two friendly letters followed, but the very 
 richness of the two collections concerned made it difficult to apply the method of barter. 
 Ultimately Hunter sent a list of his chief desiderata to the Abbe, giving him a general 
 commission to purchase for him as he saw opportunity, at any price he might deem reasonable. 
 In the meantime he had decided to put the remainder of his duplicates to the hammer. The 
 sale took place in January, 1777, and occupied eight days, the total amount realised being 
 £1,337 17*. Gd.\\ As might have been expected, the lots were of the most miscellaneous kind, 
 the Greek coins being drawn from all parts of the Hellenic world. The highest individual 
 prices were got for two Ptolemaic gold octodrachms, one of which was knocked down at £36, 
 the other at £27. 
 
 A month or two before the sale Hunter had his first recorded transaction with John White, 
 of Newgate Street, from whom, as the ' Account ' shows, he purchased freely in subsequent 
 
 * See Nichols, Lit. Anecdotei, ii., p. 280. 
 
 t See Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, v., j). 451. 
 
 X Siciliae populonnn et urhium, lipf/um fpioque et tyvannorvm veteres Numi Saracenonan epocfiam antecedentes. 
 Panormi, 1781. The statement as to the catalogue of the Prince's own coins is made on the authority of 
 the Preface to Combe's Descriptio. A second collection formed by Torremuzza excited the admiration of 
 Goethe, who saw it at Palermo and found in it " ein unendlicher Frilldiny von BUlthen und Frilchten der 
 Kumtr {Italienische Raise, under date 12 April, 1787.) 
 
 § See p. lii., footnote. 
 
 II These figures are taken from a priced copy in the Huntei-ian Library. As the enti-ies are in the 
 handwriting of the auctioneer (or his clerk), the total is probably correct, though it differs slightly from 
 that given in the British Museum marked copy. Hunter's name is not mentioned on the title-jjage, which 
 runs — A Catalogue of a valuable Collection of Antient and modern Coins and Medals Containing Very larr/c 
 and rich Series, in Gold, Silver, and Copper, of Greek Kim/s, Cities and People, Roman Families, and Imperial 
 Coins, besides a considerable Number of Sa.von, English and other modern Coins and Medals Which will be Sold 
 by Auction by Mr. Gerard At his House in Litchfield -Street, St. Amie's, Soho, on Thursday the 23rd of 
 January 1777 and the seven following days (Sunday e.i copied). 
 
xxlv INTRODUCTION 
 
 years. On tins occasion there were bouglit Euglisli anri Saxon coins to the value of over 
 £17U. Neither he nor his advisers appear to have entertained the slightest doubt as to the 
 honesty of White, whose reputation has since undergone a mysterious eclipse. It seems 
 impossible at this distance of time to discover the details of his misdeeds. We know that 
 in 1776 he professed to have in his possession "a coin actually found on the coffin of 
 Hardicanute in Denmark "* — a decidedly suspicious jirovenance. And Nicholsf in recording 
 his death, which took place on November 17th, 1787, describes him as "the celebrated 
 Collector (and supposed Fabricator) of Ancient Coins." Something like a definite charge is 
 preferred against him by Edward Hawkins, Avho was likely to be well informed. That 
 numismatist, in his Silver Coins (3rd ed., p. 4), warns his readers that the plates called 
 Withy and Eyall's (published in 175(5) are not to be depended upon. " They are supposed to 
 have been engraved under the inspection of Mr. John White, and coins are represented which 
 either never existed, or were altered by his ingenuity, to suit his fancy and impose upon 
 collectors." Beyond this, authorities are strangely silent as to his history. But the fact 
 that he is frequently spoken of as " the notorious " ]Mr. White is of itself sufficient to 
 cause one to regret his association with the Hunter Cabinet. J He does not, however, appear 
 to have dealt much either in Greek or in Roman coins. 
 
 It had now become generally known that Hunter proposed to publish a full account of 
 the contents of his Cabinet, and this proved a means of inducing smaller collectors to part 
 with any rarities they might possess. Amongst those from whose trays specimens were thus 
 culled, was Dr. Patrick Paissell, who had been in practice for many years at Aleppo, and whose 
 account of the plague there is still a medical classic. § A payment of fifty guineas to him is 
 recorded on November 2nd, 1776. In a similar way, early in the next year, Combe, who 
 had hitherto been an independent collector, transferred into Hunter's IVIuseum practically all 
 his coins, which, to judge from the phrase used in the 'Account,' must have been chiefly 
 Eoman.ll It is hardly probable that the motives responsible for the most important transaction 
 of 1777 were equally public-spirited. Rather, the air of mystery surrounding it suggests 
 that they were purely mercenary. The entry in the ' Account ' merely tells us that on 
 August 20th £770 was paid for " A Cabinet, valued by Mr. Combe." On turning for light 
 to tlie Descrqdio, we find little to help us. The collection is spoken of vaguely as " ingeus 
 moiietarum copia viri ciijnsdam apiid eocterofi praenohilis." It is clear that Hunter had laid 
 himself under some obligation to keep the name of the seller secret, clear too (it may be 
 added) that he contemplated the possibility of his ' Account ' being one day exposed to public 
 
 * Nichols, Literary Anecdotes, vi., p. 179. 
 
 f Literary Illm^trations, v., p. 187. 
 
 X Mr. Warwick Wroth, to whose kindness I owe the reference to Haw^kins, WTites thtit there is in the 
 Medal Room of the British Museum a priced copy of the sale catalogue of White's collections, sold by 
 auction in London in FeViruary and March, 1788, and that the contents of the catalogue suggest that the 
 owner was a dealer, not a private collector. This conclusion is quite borne out by the records of his 
 transactions with Hunter. It is curious that the latter never dealt with White directly, as he did with 
 Snelling, Thane, and others. The receipts are always made out in the name of Combe. 
 
 § Published in London in 1791. 
 
 II The very rare coin of Gangra in Paphlagonia, which will be described in vol. ii., was, however, at 
 one time in Combe's possession. It was originally brought from the East by Dr. Murdoch Mackenzie. 
 (Cf. p. xiv.) See Pinkerton, Essay on Medals (I'ud cd., London, 1789), vol. i., p. 'lo^. 
 
INTRODUCTION xxv 
 
 scrutiny. Again, while letters or memoranda relating to snch extensive purchases have as a 
 rule been preserved, any correspondence that may have taken place regarding this one has 
 disappeared. If the disappearance is due to deliberate destruction, as one is almost tempted 
 to suppose, then the precaution has been in vain. For a clue has after all been allowed to 
 survive. Among the financial documents is a promissory note bearing date 16th August, 
 1777, signed by Hunter, and duly endorsed by the party concerned. It reads as follows: 
 "I promise to pay on demand seven hundred and seventy pounds to The Earl of Sandwich 
 or order for value received." The date and the sum named make it plain that the " value 
 received " was the cabinet referred to in the ' Account.' This can have been no other than 
 Lord Sandwich's own collection. We saw incidentally that as early as 1770 he found himself 
 unable to spare money for its extension. Now he must have let it go altogether, stipulating 
 apparently that liis pride should not suiFer by the fact of the sale being blazoned abroad. 
 From one or two references that occur in the correspondence with Jamineau in 1770 and 1774, 
 we may perhaps infer that the Sandwich Cabinet consisted largely of Koman coins. 
 
 This was not the only important acquisition made in 1777. In May of that year the 
 Eev. Dr. Browne, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, wrote Hunter on behalf of Mrs. SwintoT, 
 widow of the late Keeper of the University archives,* oifering for sale a collection which had 
 belonged to her late husband. Browne had often urged his friend while still alive to 
 approach Hunter "as a gentleman of a very generous turn, and who I believe, was often 
 purchasing chiefly with a view to Public Utility " ; and he had reason to think that only 
 Swinton's illness had prevented that step from being taken. The widow was anxio;is to sell 
 now, and had hopes that the coins might be worth as much as £300. Hunter replied to the 
 effect tbat the subject had been broached to him before Swinton's death by a mutual friend, 
 and that he was prepared to carry through the negotiations then begun. He did not anticipate 
 that there would be any difficulty as to terms. " Let Mrs. Swinton send [the coin^] up, sealed, 
 to any friend in London. They shall be examined by Mr. Combe, before Mr. Duane, or 
 Mr. Cratchrod,t or any, or as many of her friends, as she may think proper, (yourself when 
 you come to Town) and carefully sealed up again in their presence. I will then give her 
 what she asks, or more, provided Mr. Combe says they are worth the money. Or, I will 
 refer the price to two men of known character ; one to be chosen by her, the other by me. 
 
 * John Swinton (1703 — 1777) entered Wadham College as a servitor, and subsequently became a scholar. 
 In early manhood lie travelled abroad a good deal. Afterwards he was appointed chaplain of the gaol at 
 Oxford, and in that capacity he figures in an anecdote in Boswell's Life of Dr. Johnson (under 17o4). He 
 was one of the most learned men of his time, and wrote much on historical subjects. See Gentlemaiis 
 Magazine, liv., p. 892. He communicated to the Royal Society a series of papers on ancient Italian 
 coins {Phil. Trans., li., 853; Hi., 28; Iviii., 2o3; lix., 432; Ixiii., 22), which is noticed by Eckhel, Doctrine/, 
 i., pp. 103 ff. A complete list of his writings on numismatic and other subjects occupies three-quarters 
 of a column in Watt's Bibliotheca Britamiica. In the Latin preface to the Descripfio his death is said to 
 have taken place " sub finetn hiijus unni." As a matter of fact the real date was April 4th. See Gentleman s 
 May., xlvii., p. 19o. 
 
 t Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode (1730 — 1799), of Christ Church, Oxford, a well-known collector, 
 and a Trustee of the British Museum, to which he bequeathed his medals, coins, books, prints, &c. He 
 was on terms of friendship with Hunter, and more than once acted as his adviser in regard to his purchases. 
 For a biographical sketch, see Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, ix., p. 666. A sarcastic notice of him as "a much 
 admired literary sun " will be found in Nichols, IJt. Illustrations, vi., pp. 773 ff., where an estimate of tlie 
 value of his collections is given. 
 
 e 
 
xxvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 Mr. Combe shall be mine. She can have yourself, or Mr. Duane, or Mr. Cratchrod, or Mr. 
 Southgate.* I have bought several collections in this equitable way ; and have had no reason 
 to think, in any instance, that I paid too little, or too much. Mrs. Swinton would not wish 
 to get more from me than the value of the medals and I am sure that I should not wish tg 
 get the property of a Widow, under its value." 
 
 Mrs. Swinton accepted the latter of the two alternatives, and nominated Duane to act 
 in her interest. The result surpassed her expectations. The estimate placed upon the collection 
 by the valuators was £330, which was promptly paid over, and she showed her appreciation 
 of Hunter's fairness by presenting him with a number of Etruscan vases from among her 
 late husband's effects. Some two months later there were added to the Cabinet the coins 
 of Joseph Smith, formerly consul at Venice, which were purchased from his widow. f We 
 have no details as to the composition of this collection, but the price paid exceeded £500. 
 No doubt Smith's cabinet contained many varieties of which Hunter already possessed, specimens. 
 For by February, 1778, the accumulation of duplicates had become so large as to necessitate 
 a second auction sale. It took place at Gerard's on Tuesday, the 24th, and two following 
 days,| the total amount realised being £308 16-::;. Qd. 
 
 The largest item in the 'Account' for 1778 is a sum of £321 paid on March 6th to 
 " Mrs. Ayre." There can be no doubt that this refers to what the Descriptio speaks of as 
 "numismata Viri Bevcrendi Boberti Eyre 8.T.P." Probably the person meant is the Rev. 
 Dr. Eobert Eyre of New College, vicar of Whaddon and rector of Bright walton, Berks. § But 
 we get no hint as to the character of his coins. Side by side with Eyre's collection the 
 DescriiMo mentions that of Samuel Samuel of Lincoln, H which consisted of English and Saxon 
 pieces, some of them very fine. The price was over £200, and according to the 'Account' it 
 was paid in September, 1779. Earlier in the same year a parcel of specially rare Greek coins 
 had been acquired for £77 through Owen Salisbujy Brereton, an antiquary of some repute.^ 
 While these were the more important purchases of this time, the great number of small 
 transactions carried through is even more instructive, as showing how unresting was Hunter's 
 activity. He brought to bear on the augmentation of his Museum the same strenuous energy 
 that characterized him in his more strictly professional work. For some years he bought 
 
 * See p. xliii. 
 
 t Smith was also a book collector. His library had been sold in 1773. 
 
 X The title-page of the catalogue is as follows: — A Cataloc/ne of a large Collection of Antient and Modern 
 Coins and Medals, in Gold, Silver and Copper, consistinff of Phoenician, Etruscan, Greek, Roman, Saxon, Emjlish, 
 Papal, ISfc, Many of them exceeding rare and in fine Preservation, ivhich will be sold, S^c. 
 
 § He was the brother of Willis Eyre, serjeant-at-law, sometime fellow of New College, Oxford, who 
 at his death in 1765 bequeathed to Winchester College "a very noble collection of gold and silver Greek, 
 Roman, and English coins." (Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, v., p. 507.) This identification is, however, not free 
 from difficulty. Nichols states {Lit. Anecdotes, vi., p. 195) that Robert Eyre died in 1779. Now, if he 
 was ahve in 1778, why should his wife sell his coins? It is possible that in "writing up" his 'Account' 
 Hunter may have made the entry under the wrong year. Colour is lent to this supposition by the fact 
 that in the Preface to the Descriptio the years 1778 and 1779 are hopelessly confused, or rather are 
 treated as if they were one and the same. 
 
 II Smaller transactions took place with Samuel in subsequent years. But ho can hardly have been a 
 regular dealer, for — with the possible exception of White — no dealers are honoured by being recorded in 
 the Preface to the Descriptio. 
 
 ^ See Observations on Hound Towers (1779). Brereton died in 1798. 
 
INTRODUCTION xxvii 
 
 practically everything that came into the London market, besides all that he could hear of 
 on the Continent. We get an interesting picture of him as he appeared to a rival collector, 
 in a letter from Francis Carter, author of A Journey from G'ihralfar to Malaga, etc. (London, 
 1777). Carter, writing to Nichols under date November 28th, 1780, says: "I return you 
 many thanks for the Catalogue of Coins. I think the date of it should have been mentioned, 
 and some account where the Coins were disposed of, and in whose hands they now remain. 
 In all probability they sank into the Devonshire or Pembroke Cabinets, as all now do into 
 Dr. Hunter's. God grant I may be able to keep mine from his clutches ! He had the 
 impudence to tell me, in his own house, last winter, that he was glad to hear of my loss 
 by the capture of the Grenades, as it might force me to sell him my Greek coins : an 
 anecdote that shoiild not be forgot when you write his life."* Evidently Carter could not 
 appreciate a joke at his own expense. 
 
 In 1780 specimen pages and specimen plates were prepared and approved of, and arrangments 
 completed for the issue of the first volume of a complete catalogue of the contents of the 
 Cabinet, the text being undertaken by Charles Combe and the engraving by Charles Taylor, f 
 Collectors showed their interest in the forthcoming work by donations of coins for which they 
 knew that a place would be found. George the Third, for instance, came forward with the gift 
 of an Athenian gold piece of such excessive rarity that Eckhel, in spite of his strong faith 
 in Combe's judgment, declined to believe it could be genuine. J This royal munificence was 
 doubtless due to the influence of a royal patient, Queen Charlotte, to whom the book, when 
 it did appear, was dedicated. § Horace Walpole was another liberal benefactor, inasmuch as he 
 allowed Hunter to select from his rich cabinet any coins that would be useful for filling gaps 
 in the Greek series. All the while, as we can see from the ' Account,' buying went on apace. 
 Thus in October, 1780, £1000 was paid to Samuel Bosanquet for the collection made by his 
 father, an Aleppo merchant. The description we get of these is vague and general — " nummi 
 hand pauci vetuxtafe sua insignes et pretiosissimi." Perhaps, however, the mention of Aleppo 
 justifies us in supposing that they were Greek rather than Roman. 
 
 We learn from the Descriptio that filial piety made the younger Bosanquet hesitate about 
 parting with the whole collection. He wished to keep for himself the coins that he knew his 
 father had treasured most. Tliat his scruples were finally overcome was due mainly to the influence 
 of the Rev. Thomas Crofts, Chancellor of Peterborough, who must have been a person of singularly 
 
 * Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, iv., p. 607. On p. 237 of op. cit. iii. we are told with regard to Carter's 
 book that " the many coins engraved in this Work were from the Collection of the celebrated 
 Spanish medallist Flores, whose cabinet Mr. Carter had purchased on his death, and disposed of the 
 duplicates to Dr. Hunter." Hunter's papers contain no allusion to the transaction here described, and 
 there is no item in the * Account ' that corresponds to it. Nevertheless, it probably took place ; the papers 
 are fragmentary, and the ' Account ' is not exhaustive, while Carter's name is recorded " honoris causa " in 
 the Descripfio as one who had helped to build up the Cabinet (see p. xli.). It is interesting to note that 
 Carter's pious wish was fulfilled. He lived rather longer than Hunter. After his death his coins and 
 books, the latter chiefly Spanish, were sold by Gerard (February, 1784), the coins realising £334 10s. Od. 
 
 t Monthly Mar/azine, vol. Ixviii., p. 436. 
 
 X " de [ejxs] Jide arbitrentur qui viderunt." {Doctrina, ii., p. 206.) Eckhel then goes on to prove that 
 the Athenians struck no gold money, a conclusion that has been refuted by the discoveries made suice the 
 publication of the Doctrina. The piece in question is figured in this volume (Plate xxxiii. 23). 
 
 § Hunter's MS. diary of his attendance on the Queen is in the Hunterian Library. 
 
 e 2 
 
sxviii INTRODUCTION 
 
 attractive character.* Educated at Wadliam College, Oxford, he went out to Aleppo immediately 
 after taking his degree. Not improbably it was there that he made Bosanquet's acquaintance. 
 Subsequently he travelled through Europe on three different occasions, bringing back with 
 him to England singularly well-chosen collections of coins and books. Dibdin speaks of his 
 library in the highest terms, and a biographer tells us that he was " distinguished for a most 
 rare and critical knowledge of books.'' f ^^^ ^^^ most valuable of his Greek coins are 
 in the Hunter Cabinet, whither a sense of public duty moved him to transfer them, when the 
 plan of the Dei^criptio was laid before him. The price paid for them was over £425. 
 He did not, however, live to see the publication of the book in which he had taken such 
 an interest. He had long been in poor health, and the end came on November 8th, 1781. 
 After his death his "second collection" also passed into Hunter's Museum. | 
 
 The purchase from Crofts, which was concluded early in January, was only one of several 
 large transactions that fall into the year 1781. In March £300 was paid for the complete 
 collection of one James Sotheby, recently deceased, who had given his attention chiefly to 
 Greek coins. Again, towards the end of the year. Hunter, for a consideration of £160, was 
 allowed to select such specimens as he pleased out of a number brought home from Smyrna 
 by a certain James Lee. Abyssinian Bruce, too, now reappears, on this occasion generously 
 presenting Greek coins which he had declined to part with when he sold his Ptolemaic gold. 
 Unfortunately, our knowledge of these acquisitions is confined to the little we can glean from 
 the bare statements in the Bexcriptlo and the ' Account.' It is otherwise with regard to a 
 much less satisfactory piece of business. Under date September 12th, 1781, we have the 
 entry, "A collection by Sir Wm, Hamilton — £333," which is fully explained by an interesting 
 series of letters preserved in the Museum. The first of these is from the Ambassador at 
 Naples, and runs as follows : — 
 
 "Naples, June 23rd, 1741. 
 "Sir 
 
 " The collection of medals of which the catalogue is inclosed was sent lately 
 from the country to be offerd to this Court, but as it does not abound with money the 
 purchace has been declined and it is now offerd to me. I still persist in my resolution of 
 not entering upon this branch of virtu, but as the collection is realy very fine and as the 
 Owner has reduced his demands greatly rather than send them back, I have prevailed on 
 him to wait the return of the Post. The medals are in ebony cases, well arranged and the 
 price is 2800 Neapolitan ducats, under 350£. I have shewn them to Mr. Byres who is 
 here at present and who thinks them very cheap indeed. The silver collections are very fine 
 
 * The eulogy passed on him in the Preface to the Descriptio deserves quotation here, for it is clear 
 that Hiniter wished to perpetuate his memory. " Vir insuper reverendus Thomas Crofts {desiderio cjits quis 
 sit unqunm modus?'), qui ad suavitatem inorum egregiam literas eas antiquas et ea humanitatis studia adjun.trrat, 
 quae hominem ingenuum ornare quaeant, et amicis jucundum facere, operis specimine tantum delectabatur, ut, quan- 
 quam harum rerum amantissi^mis, nummos quotquot habuit Graecos {habuit auteyn preciosissimos) in nostrum 
 possessionem transtulerit. Nee vero haec tanta tamque egregia liberalitas admirationem aliquam lis morit, qui 
 viro Optimo utebantvr familiari. Testes ii sunt, quo ille artium amore fiagrawrit , et quam nihil sibi esse propnum 
 optaverit, quod utilitati publicae aliqico modo insercire posset." 
 
 t Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, viii., p. 482. 
 
 X Naturally Hunter did not take over specimens of which he already possessed duplicates. A number 
 of coins and medals that had belonged to Crofts were sold by auction by Gei'ard in March, 1782. The 
 prices realised were not, as a rule, high. 
 
INTRODUCTION xxix 
 
 and well preserved, among the large bronze lie thinks there are some false, but many very 
 valuable and well preserved. Upon the whole I realy think you will do well to purchase 
 the collection as it may sei've to compleat yours and the duplicates will perhaps pay all the 
 expences. However all I have to desire is that you will send me your answer as soon as 
 possible. I can assure you this is no dealer's collection, but is sold by the gentleman whose 
 father and grandfather made the collection in this country. 
 
 I am with great truth 
 and regard your most obetlient 
 humble servant 
 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 Hunter allowed one or two posts to pass before replying, possibly because he found it a 
 little difficult to refuse without openly expressing his distrust of Hamilton's judgment. Ultimately 
 he wrote declining the collection. But it was too late. On August 21st, Hamilton wrote 
 him a second letter. 
 
 "Sir 
 
 " Having waited two or three Posts for an answer to my fonner Letter, I was 
 under the necessity of giving an answer to the proprietor of the medals. Having reduced 
 the original demand one half before I sent you the catalogue and encouraged by the aj)probatiou 
 of Byres who happend to come to Naples I ventured to pay the money, 1800 Neapolitan 
 Ducats which is about 333£ thinking that if you did not take them I might greatly oblige 
 some collector in England for to the best of my judgement, this collection is nearly as good 
 as that which I purchased for the late L'! Morton here for 800£. The great Bronze are 
 in a cabinet very neatly arranged and the Imperial silver and family medals in another well 
 arranged also. As I have realy no taste for medals except a few on account of the perfection 
 of the coin this collection is absolutely of no use to me, and I cannot in conscience think 
 of drawing upon you, as you are so good as to allow me, for what you are in no want of — 
 yet as it will not be very convenient for me to be long out of my money as the ballance 
 I fear is against me in my agent's ace' (Messrs. Gray & Ogilvie) I shall be much obliged 
 to you if you cou'd find any one that wou'd take the collection as I had it. I am sure it 
 is worth double the sum. I woud keep them here until a safe opportunity oflferd to send 
 them home. We have sometimes large Swedish vessels that go from hence directly to England 
 and I believe in case of the war continuing they are the best. I shall be thankfull for the 
 description of the Greek Coins* and I hope 1 may be able to supply you with some having 
 given a commission all over Sicily and Magna Grecia for well preserved coins. If you find 
 a purchaser for this collection the sooner he pays into Messrs. Gray & Ogilvie's hands on 
 the Terras Spring garden, the sum £333 — to be placed to my account, it will be the better 
 for me as I pay 5 per cent, to them for what I have overdrawn. Excuse the liberty I take 
 of troubling you with my private affairs and believe me Sir, on all occasions, 
 
 with a very sincere 
 regard and esteem 
 
 yr most obt huml servt 
 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 * Til tlio letter to which this is a reply, Hunter had evidently announced his intention of sending a 
 copy of the Descrijitio to Hamilton as soon as it appeared. 
 
XXX INTRODUCTION 
 
 The tenour of Hunter's reply can be gathered from Hamilton's next letter. 
 
 "Naples, Octr 16th, 1781. 
 "Sir 
 
 " Your letter of the 14th Septr came safe to my hands and in which you tell me 
 you have lodged £333 in the hands of my agents Messrs. Gray & Ogilvie. The medals shall 
 be packed up exactly as you direct, as were those I sent to L? Morton and for which his 
 L'.' paid 800£ tho' as far as I can remember they were not either much more numerous or 
 curious than this collection.* I flatter myself that you will find among these medals several 
 worthy of a place in your Collection, and that the sale of the rest will prevent your being 
 a loser. However should it turn out otherwise and there is to be any loss I beg it may be 
 mine as the purchase was certainly made without your order and you have acted, as you 
 always do, most handsomely on this occasion. A Swede or Danish ship will soon be freighted 
 here directly for London, and I shall seize that opportunity of sending you a strong box with 
 the medals safely packed according to your directions and shall send you timely notice with 
 the bill of loading that you may have them ensured. 
 
 I am Sir 
 with great regard and esteem 
 yr most obt 
 
 humble sert 
 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 " P.S. As the cases in which the medals came to me are good but not worth the freight 
 to England being old and cumbersome I shall not send them. The medals will certainly be 
 much safer packed as you direct and will go in smaller compass." 
 
 Some time elapsed before an opportunity for despatching the collection to England occurred. 
 At length, however, Hamilton was able to announce that it had been sent off. 
 
 "Naples, Janry 8th, 1782. 
 " Sir 
 
 " I have the pleasure of acquainting you that the box of medals packed with care 
 
 after your directions has been shipped on board a Danish vessel called the Graditta Cristiana 
 
 Lars Wolding commander bound for London. The box is directed to Don Gasparo Russo 
 
 Maestro di Casa del Principe di Caramanico the Neapolitan minister in London — which we 
 
 were obliged to do as the captain wou'd not have taken it on board had he known it to be 
 
 the property of a subject of Great Britain. I hope you will receive the box safe and in as 
 
 good condition as when I sent it off, for it was packed as tight as possible. I hope also 
 
 that in general the medals will prove to be to your satisfaction, but I repeat that if they 
 
 shoud not, I beg they may be sold and I will readily make up the deficiency in case the 
 
 produce of the Sale shoud not amount to the sum you have advanced, for it woud not be 
 
 just that you shoud be any loser, as tho' I certainly purchased them for you, yet it was 
 
 without your final order. Inclosed is the Bill of Loading and the list of the contents of 
 
 the box. 
 
 * On the coins purchased for Lord Morton, see p. xviii. 
 
INTRODUCTION xxxi 
 
 " I shall be veiy glad to receive your book of medals and will do my utmost to serve 
 you with respect to any Greek coins of cities that you may be in want of. Since I sent off 
 your medals I have received the Prince of Torremuzza's Numismata of Sicilian medals and 
 will send you a copy of that work, which is tollerably well executed for this country, by the 
 next opportunity. 
 
 I am Sir 
 with great truth and regard 
 
 your most obedient 
 humble servant 
 
 Wm. Hamilton." 
 
 The enclosure shows that the collection contained over 2000 Roman coins, 1248 being 
 of silver and 999 of bronze. When the box arrived, Hunter's worst fears were realised. The 
 draft of the letter he wrote on the unpleasant occasion fortunately survives. 
 
 "Windmill St. June 20, 1782. 
 "Sir 
 
 " Thinking it my duty to give you as little trouble as possible, I waited till the 
 medals arived, that I might once for all let you know the result. When that time was come 
 round, the subject became so unpleasant and delicate that I could have wished to put it off 
 for ever ; and my indifferent state of health has contributed to the delay of my writing. But 
 it is necessary, and I therefore sit down, tho with the greatest reluctance, to lay the whole before 
 you. The Box arived in perfectly good condition, and excellently packed. The Com''' of 
 
 Customs did me the honour to pass it free of Duty. Mr. Combe was present at the opening, 
 for he was impatiently waiting to see the medals. Then began our mortification : for the 
 first general inspection made it evident that you had been most shamefully abused. We 
 therefore took care to keep them so guardedly that both he and I should be able to declare 
 upon honor or upon oath that not one single medal had been lost, taken away or changed. 
 Then we had them examined in presence of the Eev'' Messrs. Cratchrod and Southgate both 
 men of judgement in that way and of honourable characters. They were all of opinion that 
 the value must be greatly under £100 ; that almost all the valuable medals which should have 
 been were most miserably false ones or so ill preserved as to deserve a place in no cabinet ; 
 that they could not have been the collection of a Gentleman for that reason, but more 
 especially because there were not only duplicates and triplicates, ttc, but 6, 7, 8, 9, and even 
 10 of some, and of course of the most common medals, without the smallest difference or variety. 
 I took the resolution therefore of selling the whole, and acquainted Mr. Greville* with our 
 proceeding and begged the favour of him to look at them in the exhibition. They were 
 accordingly sold by public auction on the lOtli of May, when the Town was full of company, 
 for £83 - 2 - O.f The commission was £6-4-6, and the Duty on the sale £1-2-0 which 
 reduced the real value or price to £75 - 15 - 6 out of which we are even to make the further 
 
 * Hamilton's nephew, the Honourable Charles Greville. 
 
 t A copy of the catalogue, with the prices marked, is in the Hunterian Library. The title runs : — "A 
 Catalogue of a imhiahle Collection of Roman Coins, in Silver and Copper, consigned from abroad, which will be 
 sold by auction by Mr. Gerard, etc." 
 
xxxii INTRODUCTION 
 
 deduction of the Freight and Custom house fees for which the bill has not yet been Teceived. 
 The sum which I paid into your Bankers' hands was £333. I need not say that I am sorry 
 such scoundrels have found access to you, and at the same time think myself. Sir 
 
 your very much obliged 
 and most humble sert." 
 
 Hamilton gave expression to his surprise and chagrin in the following terms : — 
 
 "Naples, July 16th, 1782. 
 " Sir, 
 
 "I wou'd have sent you a draught on Messrs Gray & Ogilvie for your reimbursement, 
 had I known exactly the sum to be dediicted from the 333£ you deposited in their hands, but 
 as you have not received the bill for freight and custom house fees of the unfortunate 
 collection of medals, I cou'd only send an order which I have done, to the said gentlemen to 
 settle that account with you whenever you shall call upon them, by paying you back the 
 overplus after the small produce of the medals has been deducted. I have ever kept clear of 
 collecting medals knowing my ignorance in that branch of antiquities, and indeed I purposely 
 avoided acquiring knowledge therein knowing well how far such a taste may lead one, and I 
 for my own pleasure collect none except a well preserved Sicilian or Magna Grecia medal for 
 the beauty of the design. I was aware of the large bronze being ill preserved and of no great 
 value, but I was made to believe that the silver Imperial and family medals which I sent 
 were very valuable. I was therefore thunderstruck when I saw in your letter of the 20th of 
 June that the whole collection produced no more than £83 - 3. I have been the Dupe of a 
 rascally abbe, whom I realy did not suspect to be dishonest before — however tho' the loss 
 is not indifferent to me I will think as little about it as possible. In the class of antiquities 
 which I understand I have been fortunate and have some very valuable additions to make to 
 my collection in the British Museum as soon as we have peace when I hope to make you 
 another visit. I gave the museum as much as cost me 700£ when I was at home last and 
 have near the same value to add now, tho' few people in England are aware of the real 
 value of the collection at the miiseum and many are illiberal enough to think that I was a 
 considerable gainer by the sale of them,* the contrary is certainly the case for I forgot to 
 charge many little expences. When I am dead and gone perhaps the nation may do me justice 
 and it is that which animates me rather to inconvenience myself than lose an opportunity of 
 adding a piece of antiquity which I know to be of consequence to the collection. When I 
 consider my small fortune, and the many disagreeable shifts I have been obliged to make rather 
 than not be the possessor of some valuable piece of art which has oiferd itself to me I wonder 
 at my perseverance. I ought at this moment to hate the sight of fine things — but I did not 
 intend to fill my paper with my own subjects— the whole intention of this letter [is] to beg 
 you will go to Messrs Gray & Ogilvie as soon as you know exactly how to ballauce our acct 
 that they may refund [you] according to my order and I will think as little as possible upon 
 the disagT[ee]able subject. 
 
 Your most sincere 
 
 W. Hamilton." 
 
 * The price paid Hamilton by tho natinn in 1772 was £8410. 
 
INTRODUCTION " xxxiii 
 
 Hunter's reply, for which a draft is again available, was written on August 23rd. 
 
 " Sir 
 
 " In consequence of your order I took from Mr. Gray £200, for which I gave him a 
 receipt on the back of your letter to him upon the subject of the medals. The whole account 
 is as follows. The freight and custom house fees was a guinea. 
 
 The whole therefore which I advanced was 334 1 
 
 I received from the auctioneer £75 15 6 
 
 and from your banker £200 
 
 In all 275 15 6 275 15 6 
 
 Ballance 58 5 6 
 
 This Ballance I charge myself with for not having written at first by return of Post. 
 
 " I should, with you, wish to think no more upon the subject, except you coiild any way 
 })unish the authors of the imposition, which I should hope might be doue one way or other. 
 In that case I shall be ready to give any assistance in my power. 
 
 " Our Greek Cities will be published in Nov^ I will take care to selid you a copy by the 
 first conveyance that Mr. Greville can inform me of. 
 
 "As far as I know your Collection at the Museum is much esteemed by the public, and 
 your generous additions have been received with much gratitude. If there is not sTich a spirit 
 in the public, I shall be disappointed. For in making my collections I have had the public 
 in view. T heartily wish you and L*' H.* all health and happiness in the meantime, and at 
 a proper time a happy return to your own country, being always Sir 
 
 your much obliged 
 
 and most humble Sert 
 W. H." 
 
 Without doubt it was Hunter's well-founded suspicious as to Hamilton's ability to judge 
 coins that had made him play the part of the careful buyer. He still spent money freely wherever 
 he had full confidence in the discretion of his agents. Thus, concurrently with the Naples 
 negotiations, he was can-ying on a correspondence that ended in the acquisition of a collection 
 formed by Louis Giraldi, a doctor in Rome. The Descriptiu places this in the year 1782, and 
 we may assume that it v/as not until then that the coins reached London. All the letters, 
 however, fall within the previous year, and the owner's receipt for a thousand Roman crowns 
 (about £230) proves that the bargain was finally concluded on December 12th, 1781. From 
 another document we leara that the collection consisted of " Medals of the Magna Grecia," and 
 that there were in all 581 specimens, 3 being of gold, 483 of silver, and 95 of bronze. It is 
 interesting to remember that the friend who acted for Hunter in the matter was Charles Townley 
 (1737 — 1805), whose magnificent collection of sculptures is now in the British Museum, and that 
 the correspondent in Rome who carried through the purchase, was Thomas Jenkins, an English 
 banker, who rendered Townley material assistance in the foimation of his own museum. f 
 
 * This was Hamilton's lirst wife, who died in 178"?. He did not make the acquaintance of Emma, hid 
 f-ecund wife, till 17H4. 
 
 T Jenkins liad no knowledge of numismatics. In order therefore to guard against imposition, he 
 tmiloyed two competent experts to examine and report upon the coins. 
 
 / 
 
xxxiv iisrTROBucTioisr 
 
 In 1782 the Cabinet received the largest addition ever made to it at one time, the 
 Duane Collection alone excepted. 
 
 The negotiations regarding this transaction deserve particular notice from the fact that 
 they give us a glimpse of Joseph Eckhel, already in charge of the Imperial Cabinet at Vienna 
 and destined before long to place the study of ancient numismatics once for all on a scienti6c 
 basis. In 1781 there had been published at I^eipzig, in tvi^o parts, an elaborate account of a 
 very fine museum of antiquities. The first part,* dealing with the gems and the coins, was 
 edited by F. W. Reiz of Leipzig, who compiled the description of the gems. The description 
 of the coins was by Eckhel, and occupied 16-1 pages. The original owner of the whole v/as 
 Joseph de France, who had held high office at the court of the Empress IMarie Theresa. 
 He being dead, it had descended to his grand-daughter, Anna Catharina von Cannegiesser, 
 the wife of Joachim Albert von Hess, himself a dignitary of the Austrian Empire. Neither 
 Hess nor his wife had taste enough to value their precious possession, and they were anxious 
 to turn it into money at the earliest opportunity. The catalogue mentioned above was 
 accordingly prepared for the express purpose of making the contents of the museum known 
 to persons likely to be purchasers of it.f 
 
 The book must have speedily found its way into Hunter's hands. For in the spring of 
 the year that succeeded its publication, the coins passed into his possession. On p. xviii. of 
 the catalogue there had been jirinted a " Conspectus Niimismatum,'' which gives us a general 
 idea of the character of this great addition to the Cabinet. 
 
 " Numi aurei Augustorum, Angustaruin et Gaesarum,X 
 Numi axirei medii et recentloris aevl 
 
 Numi argentei Familiarum, Augustorum, Auguxtariun, C(< 
 Nii7ni argentei medii et recentioris nevi 
 Numi aenei maximi mvduli Augg.^ 
 Numi contorniati 
 
 Pondera, numi urhium et ■populoy}(m omnis metalli 
 Numi regum omiiis metalli 
 
 Siimma numornm omiiiu)!} 1688 " 
 
 It will be seen from this that the majority of the coins were Roman, and we may further 
 conclude that, even allowing for duplicates, the Hess Collection is responsible for a large 
 proportion of the fine series of Roman gold pieces now in the Hunterian Museum. The price 
 paid to Hess was £2280, a sum which was considerably increased by incidental expenses. 
 Tlie money was remitted to Vienna in April through Mr. Drummond, the Austrian agent 
 being the banker Stametz, who was to make himself responsible for the safe custody of the 
 coins. Special arrangements were, however, required to secure their transmission to London, 
 
 * Musei Franciani Descriptio. Pars prior comprehended ninnismata ei (jemmas. Leipzig, 1781, pp. xxiv. ; 
 2jp. 432. 
 
 t The words of the Preface are: "Hi jam luijii.s Mvsci iJomini, tjuoil ipsis eo nil no/i vacaf, et ijnod 
 (jravuntur onere inutilis possessionis, jjraesertim quum in ea inijens peeunide sxmmn sterilis jaccat, vendendi illiiis 
 co7tsilium ceperuntT 
 
 X Roman Imperial and Byzantine gold pieces. 
 
 § Among the 'large brass' of the Roman Emperors are included some 'Greek Imperial' coins. 
 
 ■m II ii/merus 
 
 695 
 
 
 5U 
 
 (ie<arum 
 
 679 
 
 
 21 
 
 
 11 
 
 ■ 
 
 17 
 
 
 63 
 
 
 86 
 
INTRODUCTION xxxv 
 
 and for assistance in this Himter had recourse to a scientific friend, Dr. Jan Ingen Housz, 
 a Dutch physician, then residing in the Austrian capital. Ingen Housz, author of J^.rperiinenfs 
 upon Vegetables, &c., (%c. (London, 1779), was a native of Breda. He came to England about 
 the year 1767 to study the Suttonian method of inoculating for small-pox, and in 1768 he 
 was engaged to go to Vienna to inoculate certain members of the Imperial Family. So satisfactorily 
 did he perform this duty that he was appointed " Body Pliysieian and Counsellor of State to 
 their Imperial Majesties." He was in London again on a visit in 1779, on which occasion 
 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. Latterly he made his home in this country, 
 remaining here till his death, which took place at the seat of the Marquis of Lansdowne in 
 1799.* 
 
 The letters he wrote regarding the Hess Collection have about them a certain quaintness 
 that renders them of peculiar interest. It would appear that Hunter opened the correspondence 
 by requesting Ingen Housz to see to the proper packing of the coins, and to their despatch 
 to England. With this view he was to call on Hess and also on the Abbe Eckhel, whose 
 name doiibtless suggested itself on account of the part he had taken in preparing the Catalogue. 
 Here is his first report, reprinted verhatim. 
 
 "Dear Sir 
 
 " I was very happy to find myself honoured with your lettre. I went immediately 
 to mr Hess and mr Ekhel on purpose to communicate to them the contents, mr Ekhel 
 very willingly agreed to examine with me the medals, you purchased, to fdd them up as you 
 desired, to seal them and secure them in the hands of mr Stametz. As mr Ekhel sends 
 often such things into foreign countries and recieves them very frequently, i found him advising 
 the same precautions as you advise in wrapping them up. we performed the have of this 
 business last Sunday, and will finish the rest to-morrow, and as soon as the ordre comes 
 to mr Stametz, we will deliver the parcels in hands of mr Stametz, where they will repose, 
 till you send ordres how to dispose of them, i should thinck such precious things should 
 not be sent but by a messenger of the ministry, mr Fox, Lord Shelburn, or Eockingham 
 will willingly give ordres for it, and in this ease i will take care that everything be well 
 secured, and i will in the mean time speak sir Robert Keithf about it. i rejoice to see you 
 continue your old friendship towards me, as you can give me no prooves more satisfactory of 
 it than in employing me and atfording me thus an oportunity, by which i my show you, 
 how much i value your commands, and which may make me some what useful to a gentleman 
 to whom i profess to owe respect and gratitude. I send you back the inclosed lettre of credit 
 of five hundred Pond of which i did not dare to employe more than what was the value of 
 the oars;}: you recieved many years ago ; as i know your collection to be since many years so 
 valuable, that it would be difiicult to meet with pieces, which would have a change to deserve 
 a place in it. if you should think it good, you may send me an other of a fresher date. I 
 never had seen before this time the collection of mr Hess, and was astonishd at such an 
 
 * These particulars are taken from a brief notice of Ingen Housz in Nichols, Literary Anecdotes, viii., 
 pp. 47 f . In printing ' Ingen Housz ' instead of ' Ingenhousz,' I follow the model of his own signatures. 
 
 t Sir Ro])ert Murray Keith, Envoy at the Imperial Court. 
 
 X Hunter had evidently put tAOO at the disposal of Ingen Housz, to be used at his discretion in 
 purchasing rare minerals for the Museum. 
 
xxxvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 ■uncommon treasure worthy of a souverain, in the hands of a man who looks upon it as a dead 
 body.* i saw his gemms, described in his catalogue, as well as the rest, and think them to 
 be all together far superior to any collection in that kind i ever beheld, i think by what i 
 may judge of rar Hess and his wife's manner of thinking, they would sell the whole at a 
 very reasonable rate, or even a part of it, as for instance the gemms. you may easily judge 
 of it by the catalogue. 
 
 "It would perhaps give you some satisfaction to adorn your library with a singular work 
 of rnr Jacquin, Professor in Botany hier, luy brother in law. it is a work in folio atlantico, 
 of which were made only twolf copies, of which only one single copy is left unplaced, and 
 which i requested him some days ago, not to dispose of, till i had got an answer of you about 
 it. it consists of 264 very fine pintings after nature of the most beautifull plants of hot climates, 
 all done by hand, without ingraving. the text is Latin being an ample description of those 
 plants. the price of it is 340 flor. Vienna money, which will be about 37 Pounds St. 
 according to the cours of exchange. the rest of the copies are mostly in hands of souverain 
 Princes, you will be so good as to inform me whether you incline to it or not. 
 
 " I hope to see you once more in your country, for which you know my partiality, 
 i remain the same laborious Dutcli man as ever, and continue to work closely, a new work 
 is published this weak here of niyne containing sixteen different treatises, but it is in german, 
 translated from mv M.S. my original edition in trench being not yet printed in Paris by 
 negligence of those that have the care of it. 
 
 I am respectfully 
 dear sir 
 your obedient humble 
 Vienna this 17 April 1782. servant J. Ingen Housz. 
 
 " N.B. Mr Drummond must strike out of his book the copy of the inclosed lettre of 
 credit." 
 
 The next letter in the series shows that tlie first had crossed one from Hunter. 
 
 " Dear sir 
 
 " I was favoured with your second lettre dated London April 12. after the 
 reciet of your first, i have had three meetings at nir Hess's house with abbe Eckhel and 
 have with him examined the medals you purchassed. we have carefully wrapped them up in 
 rows doubled over one an other according to your direction, so that the medals cannot touch 
 one an other nor moove in the least. we took a double sheet of tough paper to wrapp tlie 
 meals in ; this paper is wrapt up in a sheet of strong writing paper as tight as could be 
 without taring it, this sheet of paper is folded over on both extremities. each of us has 
 put his seal upon one of them ; after which I have corded over very tightley each of these 
 paquets and sealed the nod, so that each paquet, containing generaly six rows of six meddals 
 each, viz. in all 48 medals, is secured by it self. of all the paquets containing goold medals 
 
 * Ingen Housz's judgment c(mtiiists trangely with the grandiloquent description of Hess given by tlie 
 editor of the catalogue of his cullections — " Vir i/uem et xplmdor mnplhdmae dignitatis, et ma.vimarum laus 
 virtntum inter paucos illustrant." 
 
INTRODUCTION xxxvii 
 
 we made again one, which we both sealed again, we did the same with the silver medals 
 and allso with the brass, only for security's sake, i made an inventary of the whole. 
 
 " I have agreed with sir Roberth Murray Keith to meet mr Eckhel and mr Hess at 
 mr Stametz one day this weak, to open the three different parcels to examine each of them, 
 if they are in the same condition as mr Eckhel and i put them, then to wrap them one 
 after an other into a good deal of tow and shut them very tightely into a strong wooden box, 
 which we will seal all three, and dress a declaration* signed by us that in that box have 
 been put such paquets. which declaration will intitle mr Stametz to pay the money to 
 mr Hess according to your direction, in the mean time mr Stametz will probably have 
 drawn som of the money upon mr Drummond on purpose to have a better marked for the 
 bills, for the sum is too large to find purchassers for it at once without overrunning the 
 market ; but mr Stametz will not deliver a single penny without the box beying put save 
 into his hands and he being first authorised by our attestation. 
 
 " Thus far your ordres will be punctualy fulfilled, what remains to be done will require 
 more circumspection, the more so as your advise of sending those things by some or other 
 messenger, or even a traveller, is entirely disaprooved of by sir Roberth, as being unsave in 
 many respects. His advise is, that the wliole quantity of the medals should be pacquet up 
 in one box well secured, and delivred in hands of mr Grnsi^er here, who is a correspondent 
 of mfs Frederic Romherg et compagnie of Ostend. Tliose gentlemen, who make it their business 
 of undertaking such like commissions, and perform them actualy for your east India company 
 with silks brought over Constantinople and Vienna, answer for the whole. Sir Robert thinks 
 that this parcel must be kept at Ostend under the care of mrs Romberg till you or 
 mr Drummond will appoint a man, who being authorised by you may recieve the box and 
 carry it over to London, or till you give your ordres to mr Romberg to deliver it to the 
 ccmimander of their own vessels which goe continualv from Ostend to London and vice versa 
 under neutral flagg. 
 
 " i join in opinion witli sir Robert that this is tlie safest and the most expeditious way of 
 sending those things to you. But as you are to consider the thing your self and to give your 
 own ordres about it, the box will remain in hands of mr Stametz till you, or mr Drummond 
 in your name, give your expres ordres to him how to proceed in this business. 
 
 "As soon as you will have let us know your intention, it will be punctualy fulfilled, 
 but the explicit order must be given to mr Stametz him self for it his he in whose hands 
 the box will be at that time, it will be allso necessary to give ordres to mr Stametz, to 
 what sum he must rate the value of the whole, for the commissionary is to answer for the 
 wliole. The expenses of this expedition are very moderate, i get my self every thing ifrom 
 England or Holland by the same whay. 
 
 " this is the inventary of the medals 
 
 r 14 j)arce]s each 
 < 1 parcel conta 
 (^ 1 containing 
 
 ,1, . -- |.<ti^v.o ^,a,oh containing 48 medals 
 
 J , ■< 1 parcel containine: 25 medals ^ total 702 
 
 ;) 
 
 * This' declaration, with the signatures and seals of Eckhel. Sir R. Keith and Ingen Housz, is in the 
 Hunterian Museum. 
 
XXXVDl 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 silver 
 medals 
 
 ^ 14 parcels each containing 48 medals -^ + + . i 
 
 brass medals 
 
 medals of 
 
 different metals 
 
 gold silver 
 
 bronze 
 
 1 parcel containing 
 
 7 parcels containing each 
 
 1 parcel 
 
 1 parcel 
 
 1 parcel 
 
 18 
 
 1'2 medals 
 
 () 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 690 
 
 total 93 
 
 parcel containing 
 
 31 
 
 30 
 25 
 24 
 23 
 14 
 
 medals 
 
 total 147 
 
 I am with the greatest estime 
 
 Vienna May 1th 1782. 
 
 dear sir 
 
 your obedient humble servant 
 J. Ingen Housz." 
 
 There was some delay or misunderstanding about taking the steps suggested in Ingen 
 Housz's letter. Not improbably the unsatisfactory state of Hunter's health was responsible 
 for nothing being done. Two months later Ingen Hoiisz wrote again. 
 
 " Dear sir 
 
 " When i communicated to you the advise of sir Robert M. Keith about the surest and 
 safest way of conveying to you the box with medals, i made no doubt but mr Grosser would 
 immediately take care of it and insure for the value as sir R. M. Keith had told me in 
 absolute terras, that mr Grosser himself had assured him he undertook without difficulty 
 any envoye of whatever value. But mr Stametz found him as yet very unwilling to undertake 
 it, because he got no advise whatever about it from mr Romberg, Avhich indeed i thaught 
 he would have received as i made no doubt but you or mr Drummond woiild have corresponded 
 about the affair with mr Romberg, who is so near at hand. However i fancy with sir Rob: 
 that this delay is reather a lukky event considering mr Romberg has had no intelligence of 
 the whole aifaire. 
 
 "Now, as the expedition is of a considerable value, it will be absolutely necessary, as 
 sir R. and i think, that you or mr Drummond should write about it directely to mr Romberg 
 at Ostende, and settle the whole affaire in a clear manner with him, as wel in what manner 
 mr Stametz aught to proceed in the business, as for what premium of insurance and other 
 charges he will undertake it. it will be necessary also that mr Romberg sends you a model of 
 the insurance bill, of which if approoved, you will be so good as to send a copy to me or 
 mr Stametz, on purpose to meet with no new difticulties. mr Romberg aught to write 
 everything in the frensh language, that mr Stametz may understand it. Sir R. thinks, that 
 as mr Romberg is at hand, the whole business must be settled in a clear way between you 
 and him before full orders are to be given to mr Stametz, who is a very carefull and zelous 
 man. you may transact more business with mr Romberg in 2 weaks than we in 2 months, 
 
INTRODUCTION xxxix 
 
 and as yoii are to give your sanction to every article of the transaction, it would only tend 
 to retard the fulfilling of the business, if mr Stametz or i should correspond about it with 
 mr Romberg. 
 
 " Tho i am somewhat mortifyed at this unexpected refuse of mr Grosser, yet i think, by 
 considering the affaii-, he could not undertake it withot the concurrence of mr Romberg. 
 
 "Mr Stametz got an other box made to receive the sealed box. i ordred the inward 
 box to be wel secured with tow so that it can't stirr. 
 
 " be sur, sir, that i will doe everything in my power to oblige you and that you can 
 not doe me a greater favour than to employ me in anything i am able, to execute. 
 
 "I work as fast as i can in experimental philosophy, and, as i think, with som succes. 
 i would have send over the manuscript of my second volum on vegetables, if i had not been 
 kept back by a rude attack of Dr Priestley and mr Cavallo against my doctrine. Polemical 
 writings are very disagreable. it seems Dr Priestley takes as much delight in this kind of 
 quareling business as i have an aversion of it. His unaccountable itching for criticism goes 
 so far, that one of his prooves by which he undertakes to contradict my saying that our bodies 
 evaporates air as wel as moist, is, that anatomist have never found aerial vessels to perform 
 this evaporat'on of air from the skin. the cutaneous evaporation of moist does not want 
 organised vessels to be carryed on. whei'e moist is, evaporation takes place, even from a 
 blotting paper, in which the Rev'' Doctor will not look for organisation to believe in the 
 evaporation from its substance, good seltzer water and champain yield a good deal of air 
 without any air vessels, i can scarce think a man being of a very sociable disposition if he 
 takes delight in criticism for the sake only of quareling. 
 
 " I am sorry my paper on the subject of my doctrine came too late to be red at the 
 R. S. i make no doubt but it contained a full answer to Dr Priestley's and mr Cavallo's 
 objections. 
 
 I am most faithfully 
 dear sir 
 
 j'our obethent humble servant 
 Vienna July :3th 1782. J. Ingen Housz." 
 
 Hunter did write direct to Romberg, who expressed his readiness to undertake the conveyance 
 from Vienna to London. He reserved to himself the right of choosing his own agents in Austria, 
 declining to have anything to do with Gi'osser. The whole sum to be paid by Hunter, including 
 the premium of insurance, was £100. For some reason or other it proved impossible to carry 
 out this arrangement. The difficulties in the way of transferring so much treasure overland 
 were too much for the ordinary means of transit. It turned out that nothing shoi't of a special 
 messenger would serve the purpose. Some months elapsed before a fitting opportunity occurred. 
 Finally, however, in the beginning of 1783 Ingen Housz was able to write Hunter as follows : — • 
 
 " Dear sir 
 
 " Since my last sir R. Keith look'd continualy out for a propre oportunity to 
 send you the box with medals. But as he did not meet with a good one till now, he advised 
 me to abstain from writing you, as it would have answered no other end than to make you 
 wait for it in uncertainty. He found at last such a one as will answer the purpose, one 
 
 
xl INTRODUCTION 
 
 John Macdonnald known particularly by Sir Roberth by his honesty, having been a sergeant 
 in his regiment this 15 jears, returns to England, will take charge of it. Mr Eward 
 takes the man in his own carriage, and sets out next friday, jan. 17th from here in full 
 speed for Brussels, where John Macdonnald will deliver it in hands of nir Romberg, who 
 will be informed of the transaction and of the description of the box, and, will after due 
 examination of the identity of the same, give a discharge in writing to the said John Macdonnald 
 and pay him by order of sir Roberth for his care and trouble twenty guineas, mr Romberg 
 will be desired to act with it farther according to the orders he will have recieved from you or 
 from mr Drummond. as John Macdoiniald will not touch London but proceed directely to 
 Ireland, sir Roberth thaught it advisable to let him have the reward directely at Brussels, 
 and as you gave him full powers of acting in the business, i have abided by his resolution 
 and make no doubt but you will approove of it. some difficulty had started about the 
 medals goying out in such large quantity out of the country, which is against the law ; but 
 i got over it by taking full power from the imperial mint office, whose })resident is my friend. 
 Tho the chest is so stuffed up with tow that there is no possibily of any thing within it 
 moving in the least about, yet i would not allow it to be piit in a trunk, wliich being upon 
 the wheels would be too much tossed. i persuaded mr Eward to put it with him in the 
 carriage, where it will give him som inconvenience ; but it will be very safe in every respect, 
 i ordred over every thing a waxed cloath to be put, and over that a strong leather cover. 
 The box itself is not only very strong, but, on purpose to give it every possible security, i got 
 cross iron barrs fixed over it so that it is secured against every accident, it is such havy and 
 cumbersom box, that i adscribe the willingness of mr Eward in giving it a place in a great 
 manner to the particular regard he bears you. 
 
 " I am very glad your vexations aboiit this transactions will now be over. But thow i 
 
 bestowd a good deal of care upon it, this must not prevent you of employing me in any 
 
 other transaction you may think me fit to fulfill for you. i can not by any such like services 
 
 give you prooves strong enoug of my sentiment of respect gratefullness and friendship which 
 
 i bear you. I should wish to liave tlie satisfaction to see tliis new treasure adorn your museum, 
 
 which must by this time be an astonishing one indeed, if my old imperial mistress was still a 
 
 live, i would very certainly soon appear again in your metropolis, as i feel more and more i was 
 
 destined by Providence to live and die there, i must acknowledge however that after i return'd 
 
 here last, i did live as comfortably and contented as ever, and as i coud wish ; and when the 
 
 empress died, i did not harbour in my breasth the smallest or the most distant apprehension, 
 
 that, if i shused to remain here, the Present Emperour should diminished any of the advantages 
 
 which were given me with having in the least sollicited them, nay which i accepted but 
 
 after having been sollicited during 4 months to accept of them, to which i consented even very 
 
 reluctantly as Dr Hixck- Saunders will remember very well. one of the conditions, and even 
 
 one of the most engaging, was, that i should have a convenient free lodging during life, and 
 
 yet i lost it ; even after making respectfull remonstrances against it, which i thaugt, on advice 
 
 of the first ministres, to have a right to nuike, having for security the Royal word and even 
 
 an express promis of the Emperour confirmed by shaking hands with me that i could depend 
 
 itpuii hid lasting friendt^hip towards me. it is to me but a poor consolation that allmost every 
 
 one is in the same case, as i was perhaps the only one to whom it was solemly promish'd as 
 
 a condition, it makes an odd of about 100 Pound st. a year, wliich is too much for a man 
 
INTRODUCTION xli 
 
 who is not rich and is to late in life to repair the loss, indeed i can live without it ; but 
 what vexes me in the affair, is, that there was no reason for it, and that i find by it, that, 
 the first step being made, there is no impossibility of an other, it makes me often low-spirited 
 and unfitt for serious and deep reflexions, and it makes me regret to have neglected to improove 
 my small fortune when i had the oportunity. if i had, be sure, i would willingly sacrifice 
 every thing for quietness of mind, as fear is more distressing than real misfortune, qui timet, 
 his miser e«t. by all this i work night and day and find the most solid consolation and comfort 
 in the pursute of wisdom. This all I communicate you as a friend, whose discretion i know, 
 and who knows that silence and patience are the savest remedies against such evils, which 
 no human prudence can avert or foresee. 
 
 " Mr Eward did me the pleasure of writing about the printing of a second edition of my 
 book and a second volum, to a bookseller in Edinburg ; but i am afrayd he will get no 
 answer before he sets out. if this will not succeed, i must give it up, and will write no 
 more in english. there is actualy a book of myne in the press at Paris and in Holland, in 
 which are several new discoveries in natural philosophy, i would have translated it in english 
 if i had not been discouraged by the loss of tast for discoveries, which seems to go in England 
 a pace with the loss of America. The tast of the Germans for them seems to be increased. 
 i am glad you keep up the tast for valuable antiquities with your magnificent work on medals. 
 
 I am with great estime 
 Dear sir 
 your most obedient 
 humble 'servant 
 Vienna Jan 13th 1783 J. Ingen Housz." 
 
 The " laborious Dutch man " was not the only friend whom Hunter pressed into the 
 service of his museum. The names of many who aided him have already occurred in the 
 course of this introduction, and a number more will be found in the 'Account.' There remain 
 a few whose specific contribution it is no longer possible to identify, but who are included 
 in the list of those mentioned " honoris causa " in the Preface to the Descriptio* These 
 are — Willoughby Bertie, fourth Earl of Abingdon, a distingiiished Whig politician ; Robert 
 Austen of Shalford, Surrey, whose collection is mentioned by Pinkerton;t William Bidle, M.D., 
 
 * It may be as well to print this list in full, premising that it professes to include only the less important 
 among the benefactors of the Collection. The services of the others are recorded in more detail in the body 
 of the brief narrative that precedes. The words of the preface are : " Sed et aliis c/ratiae nostrae merito jure 
 persolvendae sunt, qui symbolam suam quasi in commune aerarium contulerunt, operis hujusce et rei nummariae 
 fautores. Itaque honoris causa nominentur, — Willoiif/hby Comes de Abingdon, Robertus Austen arm., de Shalford 
 in com. Surr., Geor. Baker Baronettus, Rcf/inae Med., Joannes Ballard arm., Southamptoniensis, Benj. Bartlett 
 arm., de Hartshill in com. Warwic, Gulielmus Bidle M.I)., Wiudsoriensis, Franc. Carter arm., de JVoodbridye 
 in com. Suffolk, Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode, M.A. Aedis Christi O.ron. alumnus, Gulielmus Cuminy M.D , 
 Dorcestriensis, Joannes Enylish Dolben arm. Gulielmi Dolben Baronetti filius, Joannes Mac Gowan arm., Edinburyensis, 
 Joannes Jackson, civis Londinensis, Steph. Leeson, de Southivark in com. Surr., Richardus Miles, civis Londinensis, 
 Rev. Richardus Southyate, Clericus Londinensis, Bernardus Turner, Patricius Londinensis.'^ Some particulars 
 with regard to most of these persons will be found either in the Introduction or in the notes to the ' Account.' 
 
 t Essay on Medals (London, 1789), vol. i., p. 11. 
 
 9 
 
xlii INTRODUCTION 
 
 of Windsor ; "William Cuming, M.D,, educated at Edinburgh High School and University, 
 afterwards in practice at Dorchester ; John MacGowan of Edinburgh ; Stephen Leeson of 
 Southwark ; and Bernard (or Barnard) Turner, Alderman of London. 
 
 We saw from the last letter of Ingen Housz that the Hess Collection was to leave 
 Vienna on January 17th, 1783. It can hardly have reached London before February. The 
 same month witnessed the last purchase recorded in the ' Account,' — " Feb. Gold Medallion 
 of Alex*' &c. — £10 - 10." For some time Hunter's health had been unsatisfactory. He had 
 suffered much from gout. But with characteristic determination he exacted from his weakened 
 frame the same labour it had rendered in its prime. Towards the end of March there came 
 the seizure that was to prove fatal. With the hand of death actually upon him he insisted on 
 rising from his bed to lecture to his students. The effort greatly aggravated his illness. Thence- 
 forward he sank rapidly. On March 30tli he passed away, after saying to his friend Combe : 
 " If I had strength enough to hold a pen, I would write how easy and pleasant a thing it 
 is to die." By his will, which is dated July 23rd, 1781, Hunter left his Museum, which 
 included not only his coins, but a very valuable collection of books, minerals, shells, &c., as 
 well as all his anatomical preparations, in the hands of three trustees — Dr. George Fordyce, 
 Dr. David Pitcairn, and Mr. Charles Combe. These trustees were to hold it for twenty years 
 on behalf of Hunter's nephew, Matthew Baillie, of Balliol College, Oxford. During this time 
 they were to "make it useful to the Publick," so far as they could do so without injury to 
 the contents. At the expiration of twenty years, or at such time thereafter as the College 
 authorities should " have got ready a dry well aired and convenient House built on purpose " 
 to contain it, the trustees were to hand the whole over to the University of Glasgow, to be 
 employed in the manner " most conducive to the improvement of the students of the said 
 University of Glasgow." By a codicil dated August 31st, 1782, the term of years during which 
 the Museum was to remain in London was extended to thirty. By a ' disposition ' signed on 
 September 12th, provision was made for a permanent endowment. The sum of £8000, one half 
 of all the money Hunter was possessed of at his death, was set aside for the maintenance of 
 the Museum, It was bequeathed to " the Principal and Faculty of the College of Glasgow," 
 who were to pay the interest of one moiety to the trustees for upkeep, so long as the collections 
 remained in their hands. The interest and (should it seem fit) any part or parts of the 
 principal of the other moiety were to be applied "in or towards" purchasing a site for a 
 building and erecting the same. At the end of the term of thirty years the interest of the 
 whole of the capital sum that might remain was to be devoted to extending the usefulness of 
 the Museum.* 
 
 The terras of Hunter's will bear testimony to his public spirit. There could hardly be a 
 more signal proof of his greatness than the insight into tlie methods of scientific scholarship 
 which is revealed in his scheme for publishing to the world a complete account of the contents 
 of his coin cabinet. The idea took possession of his mind at an early stage. We found it 
 
 * " To establish such Lectures and Lecturers and also from time to time to alter such Establishments 
 and to keep the said Collection in such good repair and to make such additions thereto especially in adding 
 to or compleating if possible any useful series under such rules and regulations as I may direct by any 
 Deed or Writing for that purpose, Failing which, All as the said Principal and Professors and their successors 
 in office shall from time to time judge most conducive to promote the UtiUty of my Collection to the 
 Students in the University of Glasgow and to the pubhc in general." 
 
INTRODUCTION xliii 
 
 referred to in the correspondence with Hamilton as far back as 1774. But it was not till the 
 very end of 1782 that Combe's Descriptio appeared. The merits of that work are so generally 
 acknowledged that it is unnecessary to enlarge upon them here. Suffice it to say, that it was 
 far ahead of anything known at the time. To mention only one point, it was in this book 
 that there was adopted for the first time the plan, now universally followed, of printing the 
 weight, metal, and size of every coin in parallel columns on the margins. Although the 
 Dcscrijjtio has spread the fame of the collection among numismatists of all countries, it is 
 only a fragment. According to the plan outlined in the Latin preface there were to be other 
 six volumes. Of these one was to contain coins of the same class as those actually published ; 
 a second was to deal with the money of Persia, Phoenicia, Samaria, Palmyra, and Carthage, 
 as well as with other coins "quorum literae minus cognitae sunf';* a third was to concern 
 itself with the coins of the kings, a fourth with imperial coins struck in the colonies and 
 Greek cities, a fifth with unpublished Roman coins, and the remaining volume with Saxon 
 and English issues. 
 
 Combe's close association with the Descriptio has led to the preface being read as if it 
 were his voice, and not Hunter's, that speaks ; and hence it has been supposed that he was 
 to be responsible for the whole of the seven volumes. That is not so. Hunter's intention 
 was to make nse of the best available specialist in each department. No doubt, under such 
 an arrangement, several of the volumes would have fallen to Combe. But the only other with 
 which any progress was made, had been entrusted to the Rev. Richard Southgate. This divine 
 and antiquary (1729 — 1795), who was latterly assistant librarian at the British Museum, had 
 made a special study of Saxon coins, of which he had himself a notable collection. Glimpses 
 which we have had of him in the course of the preceding narrative have shown him as one 
 of Hunter's numismatic advisers. That he had been selected for definite and distinguished 
 service is proved by the following interesting extract from the Gentleman's Magazine for 
 1782 (p. 519). 
 
 " We are hapjpij to announce to our readers the following intelligence on a subject of 
 National as xvell as Literary curiosity. 
 
 " It is proposed to publish the noble collection of Saxon coin preserved in Dr. Hunter's 
 museum, illustrated with notes and historical observations. This work is intended to elucidate 
 a part of the English history, at present involved in much uncertainty and obscurity. The 
 proprietor is desirous that this work should be as perfect and useful as the subject of it will 
 permit ; and he flatters himself, that amongst those who are possessed of a few Saxon coins, 
 and do not intend to complete the series, there are many who will be glad to encourage this 
 undertaking; and if they will favour the proprietor with any which are not in his museum, 
 an handsome equivalent will be returned in money, or in other coins, and their names will 
 be mentioned in the work with the coin which they shall obligingly contribute. Perhaps it 
 may be a further inducement to noblemen and gentlemen to be assured that this collection is 
 intended as a lasting repositox-y for the inspection of all persons of taste and literature, who 
 are desirous of examining such authentic remains of their remote ancestors. 
 
 " The description of the coins, xve understand, will he given by the Bev. Mr. Southgate." 
 
 * Doubtless the ancient Spanish coins, which are well represented in the Cabinet. 
 
 9 2 
 
xliv INTRODUCTION 
 
 Within a very few months after the appearance of this semi-oflEicial notice Hunter died, 
 and the plan was in consequence abandoned, Southgate contimied to work at the subject, 
 and contempLated publishing a general treatise on the Saxon coinage. But the book was 
 never actually written.* Nor were any serious steps ever taken towards completing the catalogue 
 of the rest of the collection in accordance with Hunter's design. He had indeed given express 
 injunctions to his Trustees that the compilation of such a catalogue was to be one of the 
 first tasks to which they should address themselves. But the master spirit that had conceived 
 and directed the enterprise was gone, and those who remained behind lacked the means or 
 the energy to carry it through. Besides, Combe now became a regular medical practitioner, 
 and his success was so marked that he can have had little time to spare for numismatic 
 pursuits. The supplementary list of coins which he drew up in manuscript, is meagre and 
 unsatisfactory ; and some years before the period fixed by Hunter had expired, he and his 
 fellow Trustees voluntarily renounced their right of retaining the Museum in London. In the 
 meantime the authorities in Glasgow had been preparing for its reception. The fine building, 
 designed by Stark, which was for so long a familiar feature of the old College precincts, had 
 been erected, and by 1807 all was ready. In the summer of that year the Principal and 
 Faculty entered into the possession of their heritage, which, along with much that is precious 
 in the eyes of the bibliographer and the man of science, included such an apparatus for 
 historical research as is at the disposal of no other University in the world. 
 
 * See Nichols, Lit. Atiecdutes, vi., p. 112, where we are told that "his progress in it (for some progress 
 he had made) was retarded by his diffidence." Cf. Pinkerton, Essay on Medals (London, 1789), vol. i., p. xli. 
 An interesting biographical sketch of Southgate, written by Charles Combe, is rejirinted in Nichols, op. cif., 
 pp. 359—379. 
 
xlv 
 
 APPENDIX^ 
 
 An account of my purchases in medals independent of presents &c. 
 
 1770. First year. 
 
 Feb. 6 
 
 The Revd. Mr Dawes, for his Brother's collection made at 
 
 Aleppo 220 — — 
 
 July 4 
 
 To Samuel Jessopt 16 12 — 
 
 Jiily 21 
 
 To first payment for Mr Sadler's collection, often mentioned 
 
 by Haym 500 — — 
 
 Sep. 3 Mr Snelling 58 — — 
 
 Nov 6 Do 77 9 — 
 
 10 Mr Sadler, 2d payment 400 — — 
 
 19 Mr Snelling 33 12 6 
 
 Total of 1770 or 1st year 1305 13 6 
 
 * The original of the following document, in Dr. Hunter's own handwriting, is in the Hunterian 
 Museum at Glasgow. It did not come north with the collection, for a note written at the top states that 
 it was " sent down by Mrs. Baillie in 1824." The other papers made use of in the Introduction appear to 
 have reached Glasgow in the same way. A copy of the ' Account,' made by Taylor Combe in 180i, is in 
 the Medal Room of the British Museum. Arithmetical errors, more or less considerable, show that the 
 record was kept as a matter of interest rather than as a matter of business. There are also some 
 accidental omissions. Thus, two receipts given by Snelling in 1770 have no entries to correspond to them. 
 One is dated Aug. 18, and is for £17 lis. M.; the other acknowledges payment of £108 on Sept. 1, "for 
 a collection of English Gold Coins." 
 
 t Apparently a dealer. Several transactions took place wit'i him, particularly in 1773. 
 
xlvi 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 1771. Second year. 
 
 April 29 Mr Snelling 
 
 May 23 Do 
 
 July 10 Mr Jumineas Collection at Naples, especially 
 
 15 Mr Snelling 
 
 Marquis Leonori's Collection ... 
 Aug. 16 Mr Dalton, for Roman Gold* 
 
 27 Mr Snelling 
 
 Pretender's family med. fr. Rome 
 Novr 26 Dr. Mackenzie from Constantinople . . 
 Deer 21 Mr Thane 
 
 Total of 1771 or 2d year 
 Add of 1770 or 1st year 
 
 Total at this time 
 or of two years 
 
 L. & 
 
 Mid. Br 
 
 31 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 33 
 
 19 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 36 
 
 7 
 
 — 
 
 210 
 
 — 
 
 — • 
 
 73 
 
 11 
 
 — 
 
 69 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 30 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 891 16 
 1305 13 
 
 2197 10 
 
 * The most valuable of the 28 pieces in this lot was a coin of Caligula priced at £10 lO.t. One of 
 the coins bearing the name of Coson (doubtless one of the two specimens described in this volume) was 
 classed as belonging to the gmis Junia, and valued at £2 2.s. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 xlvi 
 
 1772. 
 
 March 30 Mr Suelliiig 
 
 May 2 Do.* 
 
 June 2U Mr Saintliill's Culluctiou 
 
 Mr Snelliug 
 
 Mr Molini.f A Diadumenian 
 
 Aug 
 
 Dr Bronifieltl for English Gohl 
 
 18 Mr Thane 
 
 Septr 26 Insurance for Peralta Collection 
 13 Freight! &c. for Do 
 
 3(1 year. Total of 1772 
 
 The years 1770, & 1771 
 
 Total at this time 
 or of 3 years 
 
 90 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 150 
 
 ■ — 
 
 — 
 
 170 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 154 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 .. 595 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 . . 2197 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 .. 2792 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 * It may be noted that, while no receipt corresponding to this entry has been preserved, there is one 
 of date 1st May, 1772, acknowledging payment to Snelling of £284 lis. It is probable that the two 
 transactions are identical, the difi'erence being made up by exchanges. The papers show that when Hunter 
 dealt on this principle, it was his habit to record only the money actually disbursed. Similarly, while there 
 is no receipt for the next entry in Snelling's name (£154), there is one for £302 18s. fir/., signed by Snelling, 
 and bearing date 12th August, 1772. 
 
 t Molini was a bookseller. Many of the volumes in the Hunterian Library were procured through him. 
 
 X The receipt for tliis item is one of the few that enter into full details. It runs thus : — 
 
 14 6 
 
 "Waterman 
 
 2 6 
 
 Tyde Waiter 
 
 2 — 
 
 Warehouse Keeper 
 
 o — 
 
 Going by Water 
 
 9 
 
 Porters in the Warehouse 
 
 1 — 
 
 Land Waiter 
 
 2 — 
 
 Writing off 
 
 1 — 
 
 Landing & W[h]arfage 
 
 2 — 
 
 Self 
 
 5 — 
 
 Freight 
 
 2 16 — 
 
 
 
 Carriage home 
 
 5 — 
 
 14 6 
 
 4 2 3" 
 
xlviii 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 1773. or 4tli year. 
 
 Mr Snelling owing since Augt 
 Feb. 6 Do. at Mr West's sale* 
 
 May 20 Mr Jessop 
 
 12 Mr Dutens for Peralta Collection 
 19 Mr Jessop 
 
 Mr Forster for 3 medals 
 
 Mr Jessop for one of Palermo 
 
 Mr Thane for sundries 
 June 3 Mr Dutens, Ballance ... 
 
 Mr Shiells for a Gold medalf 
 July 16 Scotch Gold, by Mr Coombe ... 
 Aug Do. by the Paper Mercht 
 
 Septr 18 Hamerani'st Lead, by Mr Coomb 
 21 Imperial Denarii by Do. 
 
 A Medallion of Commodus by Do. 
 Octr 8 Mr Thane 
 
 Total of 1773 or 4th year 
 The 3 preceeding years 
 Total at this time £4213 - 1 - 9. 
 
 302 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 333 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 IC 
 
 16 
 
 — 
 
 G80 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 ■ — 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 ■ — 
 
 39 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 
 15 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 1450 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 2792 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 * Hunter's purchases included 56 lots, the liif,diest price paid being £22 Gs. for " one of Henry VII." 
 The sale took place at Langford's. 
 
 t This medal was one of " Chas. II. and queen." 
 
 X Ferdiaautlo Hanierani was an Italian dealer. The btuart Medals bought in 1771 came from him. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 1774 or 5tli year. 
 
 March 3 Mr Thane 
 
 Mr Coomhe 
 
 Mr Millar, for Scotch 
 
 Apr. 17 Two Eomaii Gold 
 
 20 Mr Thane at Mr Gerard's* sale 
 
 Proofs &e. of George III Guinea Peices at the Tower at 
 different times 
 
 Apr. 29 Mr Thane 
 
 An inedited Scotch by ]\Ir Coonibe 
 An English Crown 
 May Three Gold, of Henr. VIII. Mr Bartletf 
 
 Three Cardinals by IVIr Combe 
 
 June 20 Mr Pingo'sl 2d Proof Guinea 
 
 25 Mr Combe 2 English medals 
 
 July 7 Do. for Mai-y's sixpence 
 Two medals 
 14 Four medals by Mr Combe ... 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 14 
 
 — 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 at 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 () 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 £72 7 10§ 
 
 * John Gerard of Litchfield Street, Soho, the auctioneer whom Hunter afterwards employed to sell 
 his duplicates. 
 
 t Benjamin Bartlett, at one time an apothecary in Bradford, was a collector and on terms of friendship 
 with Hunter in London. In the list of those mentioned " honoris causa " in the Preface to the Dcscnpfio, 
 he is designated as ' of Hartshill in the county of Warwick.' He was a Follow of the Society of Antiquaries, 
 and must have died before the spring of 1787. His coins, &c., were sold by Gerard, in April of that year. 
 
 X Thomas Pingo, Assistant Engraver of the Mint, died December, 1776. Two of his sons, Lewis and 
 John, became Engravers of the Mint. A thii'd, Benjamin, was one of 15 persons killed in attempting to 
 get into the pit of the Little Theatre in Haymarket on February 3rd, 1794. 
 
 § This total should be £72 ll.i. lOd. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 July 
 
 20 
 
 Aug. 
 
 10 
 
 
 14 
 
 
 18 
 
 
 23 
 
 Sept] 
 
 • 2 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 16 
 
 
 23 
 
 Octr 
 
 8 
 
 
 16 
 
 
 22 
 
 
 23 
 
 of 1774 brought over 
 
 Mr Combe for a William 
 
 Do. for several English 
 
 Mr Bartlet for Css of Dorset 
 
 Mr Thaue for suud[r]y English 
 
 Dr Irwin for a 5 Guineas 
 
 Mr Combe for sundry English . . 
 
 Do. for Do., Kirks itc . . 
 
 Do. for Do 
 
 Do. for Do 
 
 An unpublis[h]'d Charles 2d & Queen 
 
 Mr Combe for sundries 
 
 Mr Belchier's* reeom. Ann 
 
 Mr Combe for sundry English 
 
 My Servant for English silver 
 
 Mrs Bayntun 
 
 Mr Combe for various English 
 
 A new Guinea ... 
 
 Mr Pingo for several Eng* ... 
 
 72 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 12 
 
 (1 
 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 f) 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1) 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 16 
 
 9 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 204 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 * Perhaps John Belchier (1706 — 178-")), Surgeon at Guy's Hospitah 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 1774 
 
 Novr 3 
 
 28 
 
 Deer 28 
 
 Brought over 
 
 Mr Combe for sundry Englis[h] 
 
 Do 
 
 Mr Tliane for English., . 
 
 Mr Charletou for Greek & Roman 
 
 Mr Whiteside for Cabinet 
 
 5th year, Total in 1774 ... 
 The four preceding 
 
 Total at this time 
 
 204 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 • — 
 
 38 
 
 1(5 
 
 — 
 
 264 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 4243 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 4507 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 1775 
 
 
 Jan. 28 
 
 Mr Jaminau's Parcel, 
 
 
 Mr Combe's substracted 
 
 Mar. 10 
 
 Mr Thane 
 
 Apr. 16 
 
 Do 
 
 May 
 
 Mr Pingo. Proof 
 
 June 17 
 
 Mr Thane 
 
 Aug. 26 
 
 Mr Sadler 
 
 Oct. 3 
 
 Mr Thane 
 
 Sixth year. 
 
 20 
 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 420 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 — 
 
 517 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 * This total should be £5 17 Us. (Sd. 
 
 h 2 
 
lii INTRODUCTION 
 
 1775 
 
 Brought over 
 Octr 3 Mr Marty u, 4 silver M. 
 Novr Mr Combe, several 
 
 Mrs Strauge 
 
 The five preceding years 
 
 Total at this time, 5039 
 
 or of six years.* 
 
 Medal Drawers. 
 
 * It will be convenient to print here the following note relating to the sale of Duplicates. 
 " Account of money received for Duplicates, &c. 
 
 517 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 19 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 531 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 4507 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 Dec. 1775 
 
 Sold by Mr Gerard 
 
 . £201 18 
 
 6 
 
 Jan. 1776 
 
 Currency taken out 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 April 
 
 Do 
 
 6 6 
 
 
 
 
 English Gold sold by Mr Combe .. 
 
 105 13 
 
 3 
 
 June 
 
 Mr Duane for Gold Greek Dup. .. 
 
 59 17 
 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Mr Duane for Syrian Duplicates .. 
 
 . 134 13 
 
 0" 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 liii 
 
 1776 
 
 26 April 
 
 lltli May 
 
 21 Do.' 
 
 8 June 
 
 19 Do. 
 
 July 
 
 Septr 
 
 Octr 
 
 Novr 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 19 
 
 Seventh year, 
 
 To Langford,* by Mr Combe 
 Sundry English ' by Do. 
 Two Popes by Mr Mathewf 
 Mr Bruce's Gold 
 Dr King 1 Crown 
 Mr Combe, one Englis[h] 
 Do. for sundries. Mathew 
 Dr Orme, sundry English 
 Mr Newnham. Sundry Eug 
 Mr Combe for one 
 
 Do 
 
 Mr Lindegreen's ,i^gyp. Gold 
 Dr Kiissels addenda 
 Mr Southgate sundries... 
 Mr Combe Mogul's &c... 
 Do. Two Eoman Gold... 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 316 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 
 — 
 
 26 
 
 5 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 — 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 214 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 52 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 19 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 694 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 * Langford was a London auctioneer. 
 
 t Possibly Mr. Mathews of the British Museum, who was a friend of Combe's. See p. xvi., footnote. 
 
Kv 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 Deer 2. 
 
 16 
 
 20 
 
 Brouglit over 
 
 Mr White, for English 
 
 Mr Wills ail Eng. half Crown 
 
 Mr Bartlett. A Gold Aquitaine 
 
 A Gold Aquitaine. Southampton* 
 
 Mr Combe for sundries 
 
 Total for 1776 
 The six preceeding years 
 
 Total at this time, besides the Duane Collection 
 and 2 cabinets 
 
 694 
 
 15 
 
 
 171 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 921 12 
 
 5039 2 
 
 5960 14 9 
 
 * Amongst those mentioned " //onoris ceiusa" in the Preface to the Dcscriptin is a certain John Ballard 
 of Southampton. We may conjecture that this entry refers to a purcliase made from or through him. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 Iv 
 
 1777 
 
 Eighth year. 
 
 George II. by Mr Combe 
 Jan. 
 
 A shilling 
 Feb. A proof shil. iS: 6 penees 
 If) A Gold Punic 
 
 19 Mr Combe for Weights & large Brass 
 2:] ])o. for Do. 
 
 March I\Ir White 
 
 April Christie's sale 
 
 12 For Athenian Silver 
 
 20 At Gerard's sale 
 May 7 I\Ir Combe for sundries 
 
 Commission &c .. . 
 
 14 Mr Gerard's sale 
 
 24 Mr White various by Mr Bartlet 
 Mr Young* for sixpences by Do. 
 June 7 Sundry English by Mr Bartlet 
 
 19 Do. by Mr Combe 
 
 20 5 guinea piece by Do. 
 
 18 
 
 10 () 
 
 i 
 
 V 
 
 — 
 
 185 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 
 1(1 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 c 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 G 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 (5 
 
 3 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 £349 9 Of 
 
 * Henry Young, a dealer, "at the Star and Garter, near St. Paul's, Liulgate Street." 
 
 t This should be £279 9s. 6fl., an error of £70. Possibly the discrepancy may have been caused by 
 the accidental omission of some item in copying the whole from a jotting. Such jottings have been 
 preserved for the first four years. 
 
Ivi 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 1777 
 June 
 
 July 
 
 Brought ovev 
 
 28 
 7 
 
 25 
 10 
 11 
 14 
 20 
 13 
 6 
 12 
 29 
 Deer 8 
 
 29 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Octr 
 
 Nr 
 
 A 5 Gruiuea Piece 
 
 English by Mr Combe 
 
 By Mr Bartlet, suncUy 
 
 To an Italian, Various, 
 
 Mr Thane, medal of George 3d 
 
 Mr White, various English ... 
 
 A Cabinet, valued by Mr Combe 
 
 Mrs Swinton 
 
 Mr Combe for various 
 
 Mr Thane by Do. 
 
 Do. at a sale ... 
 
 Black Prince, Leopard . 
 
 Various Greek at Sale 
 
 Mrs Smith's (of Venice) Collection 
 
 Various by Mr Combe... 
 
 Total of 1777. 8th year 
 Total before 
 
 Total now, exchisive of Duane's 
 
 349 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 G 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 — 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 25 
 
 14 
 
 — 
 
 770 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 330 
 
 — • 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 — 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 27 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 507 
 
 12 
 
 — 
 
 1 16 
 
 2456* 18 
 5960 14 9 
 
 8416 12 9 
 
 * This should be £'204G \8s., an error of £410. The mistake may readily have orif;inated in some of 
 the figures being reckoned twice over, in different columns they are placed somewhat irregularly in the 
 manuscript. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 Ivii 
 
 9tli year. 
 
 Jan. 1778 
 
 Various by Mr Combe 
 
 
 
 
 Marcli 2 
 
 Do. by Do 
 
 — 3 
 
 Do. from Mr Sntton 
 
 
 
 
 — 6 
 
 Mrs Ayre 
 
 
 
 
 — 24 
 
 For two of Warin 
 
 
 
 
 — 27 
 
 My White, various English 
 
 
 
 
 April 3 
 
 Do 
 
 Do. for I'atterns , . 
 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 Mr Dog Jennings.* Aug &:c 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 Various English . 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 Do 
 
 
 
 
 May 1 
 
 Do 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 Bellamy. Various Engl. 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 A Crown... 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Bellamy various 
 
 Do 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Mr White 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 — 
 
 
 1(5 
 
 (3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 321 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 31 
 
 12 
 
 — 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 H 
 
 38 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 
 10 
 
 G 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 5 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 7 
 
 — 
 
 42 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 497 13 
 
 * Henry Jennings (1731 — 1819), a well-known London character and a very extensive purchaser of 
 antiques and curios. He was called " Dog Jennings " from his association with a famous marble figure 
 supposed to represent Alcibiades' dog, now in Duncomhe Hall, Yorkshire, the seat of Lord Feversham. 
 Jennings bought it in Rome for 400 scudi (less than £80), and sold it on April 4th, 1778, a few days 
 before this transaction with Hunter, for a thousand guineas. " A fine dog it was," he is reported to have 
 said, " and a lucky dog was I to purchase it." (See also Boswell's Life of Jo/insoii, under date April 3, 
 1778.) He ultimately died in the King's Bench Prison. 
 
Iviii 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 1778 June 
 
 17 To Tliane 
 
 July 
 
 Augt 
 
 19 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 15 
 25 
 28 
 
 29 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 Various English 
 Mr Wliite^ various Engl. 
 An Italian, for various 
 Various by Mr Combe . . . 
 
 Do 
 
 An Anglo-Gallic X by Dr Fordyce* 
 
 Mr White for various . . . 
 
 Kirk's Lord Chatham . . , 
 
 Proof of the 5 & 2 Guineas 
 
 English & Saxon 
 
 r>o. from young Mr Whitej 
 
 jMr Le 8age Eom. Silver & Greek 
 
 A proof Guinea... 
 
 m White. Charles' 4 Crown 
 
 Do.'s Nephew Do.'s Crown 
 
 497 13 
 1 
 10 
 10 15 
 
 1 15 
 
 2 13 
 1 11 
 16 
 5 11 
 
 12 
 16 
 13 
 5 
 7 
 1 
 2 
 1 
 
 / 
 17 
 16 
 7 
 1 
 2 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 6 
 6 
 
 4i 
 
 582 
 
 * Dr. George Fordyce of Essex Street was one of the Trustees under Hunter's will See p. xlii. 
 
 I "Young Mr. White," who signs "Joseph White Junior," appears, from the last entry on this page, 
 to have been a nephew of John White (see pp. xxiii. f.). Mr. Warwick Wroth informs me that a man named 
 'White' was a large purchaser at the John White sale in 1788, and suggests that this was perhaps 
 " Joseph White Esq. of Islington . . . well-known for his numismatical pursuits and enquires," whose books 
 and coins (chiefly English) were sold, after his death, in 1810:- the designation and description are quoted 
 from the sale-catalogue. The contents of Joseph White's collection (which included a manuscript account 
 of English coins by Jo/in White, as well as other books connected with him, e.ff. four copies of Withy and 
 Kyall's plates) make it highly probable that he is identical with "young Mr. White." 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 lix 
 
 Brought over . . 
 
 Septr 8 1778 A crown of Ch. I 
 
 9 Dumfries Premium by Kirk 
 
 Octr 
 
 2 
 
 Various English 
 
 
 23 
 
 Mr White various Do. . . 
 
 Novr 
 
 
 Morison & Miles 
 
 Toplady's Groat of Ed. III. &c 
 
 
 25 
 
 Various English 
 
 Deer 
 
 3 
 
 Do 
 
 
 7 
 
 Mr South [g]ate 
 
 
 10 
 
 Mr White various 
 
 
 21 
 
 Mrs Kirk* for Medals 
 
 9th year, or 1778, in all . . . 
 Formerly . 
 
 Total at this time, or in 
 
 nine years exclusive 
 
 of Duane Coll. & 2 Cabinets 
 
 .. :582 
 
 4 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 5 
 
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 — 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 32 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 16 
 
 — 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 — 
 
 ... 645 
 
 17 
 
 6U 
 
 8416 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 9062 10 3i 
 
 * The widow of John Kirk, the medallist, whose death probably took place in the course of this year, 
 and not in 1776, as is usually stated. See Warwick Wroth in Diet, of National Buyrapliij. 
 
 t This total is too small by 10 shillings. 
 
 i 2 
 
Ix 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 Tenth Year. 
 
 Medals contiuixed 
 1779 
 
 Jany. 27 Mr White various 
 
 Feb. 8 BaUauce at Gerard's sale 
 
 20 Mr White various Eng. 
 
 22 Mr Gerard's sale 
 
 23 Mr White various 
 
 26 Christie's sale ... 
 28 Mr White, a half Crown arms supported 
 
 April 2 A Greek Parcel, ]\Ir Brereton 
 
 27 Mr Wliite, Saxon from Hamb. 
 May 3 Various at sales 
 
 8 Mr White 
 
 June 11 Lady Abdy, for two 
 
 July 10 Various from Mr White 
 
 30 At the Tower, Proofs . 
 
 Augt. 7 Various Greek. Mr White 
 
 30 A Gold British, Mr White 
 A Groat of Ed. VI. to Do. 
 
 9062 
 
 10 
 
 3i 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 18 
 
 — 
 
 66 
 
 11 
 
 — 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 — 
 
 77 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 63 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 — 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 — 
 
 9392 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 Ixi 
 
 Paid for medals exclusive of Duane's . . . 
 1779 
 
 Septr 20 Mr Samuel a few 
 
 22 Do. for his whole Collection . . 
 25 A Gold Roman ... 
 
 Octr. 1 A 5 Gr. piece of Charles II. . . . 
 
 No 2 Various Mr White &c. 
 
 Deer. 3 At Gerard's & Christie's. English 
 
 23 Antiochus I. Alexr. I. 
 
 Total paid for medals in the 
 
 first teu years, besides the Du- 
 ane Collection and 2 Cabinets 
 
 Duane Collection 
 
 9392 
 
 5 
 215 
 2 
 5 
 1 
 3 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 5 Oh 
 
 5 — 
 
 2 — 
 10 — 
 
 4 6 
 
 3 — 
 2 
 
 9626 
 
 11 
 
 6i 
 
 8000 
 
 9626 
 
 11 
 
 6i 
 
 17626 11 6h 
 
 t 
 
Ixii 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 The eleventh year 
 1780 
 
 Jan. 11th Some Greek, and Win Conqueror 
 
 Feb. 5 A Cabinet from Mr Anstruther 
 
 12 Some English . 
 March 10 A Scotch David 
 
 English from Mr White 
 
 13 Gerard's sale &c 
 26 Dr Mackenzie's sale* 
 
 Gerard's sale 
 30 Mr Thane at Gerard's sale 
 
 Two i crowns, one changed 
 May 30 Tygranes, three asses &c. 
 June 17 A Saxon Queen, through Mr Dolbynf 
 Octr 1 Thane Greek Kings 
 
 Young, Two Greek Towns 
 
 White, 3 Greek 1 English 
 
 Sir Christ. Wren 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 10 
 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 21 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 6 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 25 
 
 15 
 5 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 16 
 
 — 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 — 
 
 16 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 250 
 
 15 
 
 01 
 
 * See p. xiv., footnote. 
 
 t Probably J. E. Dtilben, son of Sir William Dolben, one of the Judges of the King's Bench. His 
 name is recorded " honoris causa " in the IJescrijitio. 
 
 t The total should be £248 h'js. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 Ixiii 
 
 
 1780 
 
 
 Broualit over 
 
 Mr Bosanquet's Collection 
 
 Mr Martin, Greek Gold 
 
 A Charles I. medal 
 
 Some Greek imperial ... 
 
 Mr White, English Townpiece 
 
 Mr Samuel, English ... 
 
 Octr 23 
 
 28 
 
 Novr 20 
 
 Deer. 10 
 
 17 
 
 Total in 1780 
 
 In the first Ten years, besides "i 
 
 2 Cabinets and the Duane Collect, i 
 The Duane Collection 
 
 250 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 1000 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 — 
 
 
 7 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 1279 
 
 13* 
 
 — 
 
 9626 
 
 11 
 
 Qh 
 
 8000 
 
 
 
 18906 
 
 6i 
 
 * This total is too .small liy 7 .shillings. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 
 1781 
 
 
 
 
 
 The 12th year 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brought over ... 
 
 18906 
 
 4 
 
 CA 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Mr Crofts 
 
 425 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 Feb. 12 
 
 Mr Brown,* English 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 — 
 
 March 1 
 
 Mr Sothehy's Cabinet 
 
 300 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 April 
 
 Several English ... 
 
 Some articles here forgot. 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 — 
 
 Aug. 15 
 
 Two Greek cities silver 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 — 26 
 
 Six Greek cities and Agatliocles 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 Sepr. 12 
 
 A collection by Sir Wm Hamilton. t 
 
 333 
 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 Mr White for English 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 Nov. 
 
 To Mr Snelling's Executors 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 — 
 
 
 English, Mr Haynes 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 Deer 2 
 
 Some Greek & 2 English 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 20 
 
 From Mr Lee's Cabinet 
 
 160 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 27 
 
 Sundry English ... 
 
 1 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 
 20151 
 
 15 
 
 61 
 
 * Probably tho collector mentioned by Pinkerton {Esmy on Medals, ed. 1789, vol. i., p. 11). 
 
 t A large proportion of this was refunded. See p. xxxiii. 
 
 X This total is too large by 10 shillings. The payment for the Giraldi Collection has been accidentally 
 omitted ; it amounted to £230 Os. Qd., including the commission to the experts who examined it. See p. xxxiii. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 Ixv 
 
 1782 The 13th year. 
 
 Brought over... 
 Feb. Various Koman and GoLl 
 
 April 15 Mr Hesse's Collection ... 
 
 22 Mr Crofts, his 2d Collectionf 
 May 9 New Trials of Tower Guineas 
 June 31 A broken piece Dtto. ... 
 (^)mmission to Brusselst 
 July ] S. Samuel, for various ... 
 
 30 A Gold proof of Charles I. .. 
 Augt. 24 A l)arbarous Gold Philip 
 Septr 15 Several Greek & Koman 
 
 20 Zacynthus &c Greek 
 Octr. 25 By Sir George Baker 
 Novr. Mr White &c ... 
 
 Deer. 15 Saxon &c. Mr Bartlet 
 Victor tt Wra . . . 
 
 Brought over 
 
 20,121 
 
 15 
 
 64^ 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 2400 
 
 
 
 71 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 — 
 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 14 
 
 — 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 
 5 
 
 17 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 22664 
 
 14 
 
 4i 
 
 22664 
 
 14 
 
 H 
 
 * The "carry over" is too small by £"30. 
 
 t The receipt for this (see p. sxviii.) is signed by "John Crofts," and is "for Me(Uils vaUied ]>y Mr. 
 Cracherode and Mr. Coiiibe." 
 
 X This was probably part of the expenses incurred in the tran.sfer of the Hess Collection. 
 
Ixvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 1788 
 
 Jan. Mr Jackson* British 8 14 (5 
 
 Feb. Gold Medallion of Alexr (^-cf 10 ]0 
 
 * A well-known collector of British coins. See Pinkerton, Essay on Medals (ed. 178!)), vol. i., ji. 11. 
 
 t I suspect that the " Medallion of Alexr," whose purchase is here recorded, was a f:;ilded ' Paduan ' medal 
 now in the Hunter Cabinet, similar to that figured in Num. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xvii., p. :{U), when^ it is 
 attributed by Dr. F. P. Weber to Alessandro Cesati (" II Grechetto "). 
 
CATALOGUE 
 
SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 In printing tlie inscriptions the following conventions have been observed : — 
 
 (1) Square brackets indicate that the place of the letters they enclose is off the coin. 
 
 :E.g. AeHNAi[nN] 
 
 (2) Short strokes on the level of the line indicate an uncertain number of illegible 
 
 letters. E.g. RE 
 
 (3) Dots on the level of the line indicate a definite number of illegible letters, each 
 
 letter being represented by one dot. E.g. TAPAN . . . . N 
 
 (4) A dot placed beneath a letter indicates that, while the letter is certain, it is 
 
 impossible to decide between two or more forms of it. E.g. AAE5ANAPOZ 
 
 In references for illustrations 'B.M.C means in each case the appropriate volume of the 
 British Museum Series of Coin Catalogues. 
 
I T ALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 AES GRAVE 
 
 
 
 
 The Aes Gi-ai-e of Home and Latium, which begins circa 350 B.C., in all prohahiJity 
 
 formed the model for that of Etruria, Umhria, and other parts of Italy. Some towns 
 
 issued no money until they came into the hands of the Romans. 
 
 
 
 
 Etburia 
 
 
 
 
 VOLATERRAE 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 350 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Class I. {No type on reverse.) 
 
 
 
 
 Sextans 
 
 1 
 
 294 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 Head of beardless Janus, -weariiig a flat 
 cap rising to a point in the centre. 
 
 1 ^ O fl J 3 ^ running round • • 
 
 
 
 
 Class II. {Club on reverse.) 
 
 
 
 
 As 
 
 2 
 
 2412 
 
 M 2-35 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 MO flj^^ Club, downwards: in 
 
 field, 1., 1 
 
 
 
 
 Semisses 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type | Similar ; but ) 
 
 3 
 
 882 
 
 M 1-75 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 845 
 
 ^ 1-8 
 
 
 ( 3 ill iiiscr.) 
 
 
 
 
 Q,uadr ans 
 
 5 
 
 544 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Mo fl «J 3 3 Club downwards, between 
 * and • 
 
 
 
 
 Class III. [Dolphin on reverse.) 
 
 
 
 
 As 
 
 6 
 
 2295 
 
 xE 2-5 
 
 Similar lype. 
 
 MO flJ3^ ])oli>lnii 1. ; above, 
 
ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Umbuia 
 
 
 
 
 ARIMINUM * 
 
 
 
 
 AbotU 268 B.C. tlie Bonmns planted a ' colonia' at Anminum in what had been the country 
 of the Senonian Gauls. The coinarje prohahlij began then. 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Guadrans 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of Gaul r., weai-ing torquis. 
 
 Ornamental trident ; in field r., • 
 
 1 
 
 1473 
 
 JE 1-95 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Dolphin r. ; beneath. • • 
 
 2 
 
 1134 
 
 JE 1-8 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1037 
 
 JE 1-75 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 IGUVIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 260 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The heavy lueight of the coins of Iguvium shows that they loere cast before the influence 
 of the Tricntal Reduction at Borne (circa 268 B.C.) had made itself felt in Umbria. 
 
 
 
 
 Sextans 
 
 
 
 
 Branct, within circle. 
 
 • within circle. 
 
 • 
 
 1 
 
 397 
 
 JE 1-25 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate i. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 TUDERf 
 
 
 
 
 Class I. (Heavy Weight.) 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 260 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 T r ie n 6 
 
 1 
 
 HOC, 
 
 JE 19 
 
 R. hand r., in cestus ; around, • • 
 * See also p. 19 
 
 3 3 + V . Two clubs r. ; around, • • 
 t See also p. 10. 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 679 
 
 479 
 
 431 
 
 382 
 
 261 
 2G1 
 212 
 
 ISG 
 
 JE 1-4 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 1-3 
 JE 1-2 
 
 Class 11. (Reduced Weight. 
 
 After circa 260 B.C. 
 
 Semi sse s 
 
 Traces of inscr. Dog sleeping 1. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 303+ VK Similar type ; beneath, ); 
 same border. 
 
 Lyre ; in field r., ( ; all on raised field ? 
 
 Similar type ; in field 1., ) 
 
 M 1-05 
 M 11 
 JE 11 
 
 JE -9 
 
 JE -7 
 
 11 
 
 20267 
 
 JE 5-35 
 X 2-8 
 
 Trientes 
 Right hand r., in cestus ; around, •• 3Q3'V'VK Tyvo clubs r. ; around, • • 
 
 j ( ^illegible) 
 
 Quadr antes 
 Toad ; around, traces of marks of value ; V h Anchor with ring at either end ; in 
 
 plain border. 
 
 field r., •, 
 
 (only two marks of value visible) 
 
 Sextans 
 Cicada, between • and • ; plain border 
 
 Inscr. not visible. Ornamental trident, 
 between • and • 
 
 ^ U n c i a 
 
 Two-handled vase ; above, • ; plain border. VK Spear-point; in field 1., 
 
 TUDER ? 
 Thfi find-spot of coins of this class is Todi, the ancient Tuder. 
 
 Ox r., with head facing. 
 
 Fish-spine ornament. 
 
ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 UNCERTAIN OF UMBRIA (OR ETRURIA) 
 
 Reduced Weight 
 Almond-shaped 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Club. 
 
 431 
 
 408 
 
 313 
 
 M 1-45 
 
 JE 1-3.-) 
 
 JE 1-2 
 
 or branch '? 
 
 [Plate i. 2.] 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvehse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 5537 
 
 ^ o'l 
 
 1213 
 
 JE 1-9 
 
 258 
 
 JE 11 
 
 PiCENUM 
 
 HATRIA 
 
 The Bomans occupied Hatria as a'colonia' in 289 B.C. Its coins are all on the 
 
 heavij system. 
 
 After circa 289 B.C. 
 
 As 
 
 H AT Head of SeileTios, facing, with 
 long ears hanging down ; wears wreath 
 of ivy. 
 
 Dog sleeping r. 
 
 Quadr ans 
 
 H AT Dolphin upside down 1. 
 
 H 
 
 Fish (ray ?) r. ; beneath, • • • 
 
 S e muncia 
 
 AE 
 
 * On the attribution of this coin to Hatria instead of Asculum, see Berlin Catah, iii. i., pp. 15, 16. 
 
ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 2075 
 1990 
 
 751 
 570 
 563 
 
 373 
 319 
 
 308 
 
 M 2 
 JE 21 
 
 M 1-4 
 jE 1-35 
 M 1-4 
 
 M 1- 
 JE 1- 
 M 1-05 
 
 1012 
 
 Ji 1-6 
 
 Uncertain op Central Italy" 
 
 The folloivtng scries are all on the heavy system, which cannot have very long survived 
 the Triental Beduction at Borne (^circa 268 B.C.). 
 
 Circa 350—250 B.C. 
 
 FIRST SERIES 
 
 (TIBUR OR PRAENESTE) 
 
 Semisses 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- Same as obverse, 1. 
 thian helmet ; beneath, /^^ 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Cockle-shell ; above, 
 
 Astragalos ; above, 
 
 Inside of shell rudely represented ; no 
 marks of value. 
 
 shell hollow. 
 
 shell flat. 
 
 shell hollow. 
 
 XJn c ia e 
 
 Same type as obverse ; no mark of value. 
 
 Open hand r. 
 neath, • • • 
 
 SECOND SERIES 
 
 (TIBUR OK PRAENESTEj 
 Q,u adr ans 
 
 above, club r. ; be- Same as obverse, 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Un c i ae 
 
 
 
 
 Astragalos ; above, club r. 
 
 Same as obverse, 1. 
 
 2 
 
 364 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 340 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 269 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 THIRD SERIES 
 
 
 
 
 (ARDEA ?) 
 
 
 
 
 As 
 
 
 
 
 Head of beardless Janus, bound with 
 diadem, on raised field ; above, | 
 
 Head of Hermes 1., wearing winged 
 petasos, on raised field ; above, | 
 
 1 
 
 4876 
 
 M 2-8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Semisses 
 
 2 
 
 2672 
 
 ^ 2-5 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian lielmet; beneath, ^s 
 
 Female head 1. ; beneath, ,^ 
 
 3 
 
 2576 
 
 M 2-2 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 2509 
 
 M 2-2 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 2259 
 
 ^ 2-4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Trientes 
 
 
 
 
 Thunderbolt ; on either side, J and * 
 
 Dolphin r. ; beneath, • • • • 
 
 6 
 
 1658 
 
 ^i: 1-95 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 1347 
 
 JE 1-9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Guadr ante s 
 
 8 
 
 1233 
 
 ^ 1-7 
 
 Open hand 1. ; beneath, • • • 
 
 Two barleycorns, in opposite directions ; 
 between them, • • • 
 
 9 ■ 
 
 ]i(;s 
 
 JE 1-65 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 1077 
 
 ^ 1-6 
 
 
 
10 
 
 ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 Weight 
 
 1020 
 960 
 913 
 
 457 
 
 440 
 
 2053 
 
 1878 
 
 1374 
 1261 
 
 7«8 
 623 
 
 5369 
 4916 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 ^ lo5 
 M 1-5 
 jE 1-5 
 
 ^ 1- 
 ^ 1-15 
 
 JE 2-2 
 M 2-2 
 
 jE 1-9 
 JE 1-85 
 
 JE 1-5 
 M 1-4 
 
 JE 2-8 
 .^ 2-7 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Cockle-shell ; above, • 
 
 Sext antes 
 
 Caduceus, betvreen • and 
 
 Astrag.alos ; above, 
 
 Un c iae 
 
 FOURTH SERIES 
 
 (UNCERTAIN TOWN OF LATIUM OR APULIA) 
 Semisses 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; beneath, «i^ 
 
 Female head 1. ; behind, reaping-hook r. ; 
 beneath, ^ 
 
 Trientes 
 
 Thunderbolt, between • and 
 
 Dolphin r. ; above, reaping-hook horizon- 
 tally placed, 1. ; beneath, •••• 
 
 Sext antes 
 
 Cockle-shell ; above, • • 
 
 Caduceus, between 
 reaping-hook r. 
 
 and • ; on r., 
 
 FIFTH SERIES 
 
 (FORMIAE, FUNDI, or FREGELLAE) 
 
 Asses 
 
 Young male head r., weainiig narrow 
 diadem, on raised field ; above, | 
 
 Same as obverse, but type 1. 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 11 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Semis 
 
 
 
 
 Pegasos r. ; beneath, ^ ; all on raised 
 
 Same as obverse, but type 1. 
 
 
 
 
 field. 
 
 
 3 
 
 2413 
 
 jE 2-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Trientes 
 
 
 
 
 Head and neck of horse r. ; beneath, •••• 
 
 Same as obverse, but type 1. 
 
 4 
 
 1840 
 
 JE 2-1 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 1739 
 
 JE 1-9 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 1405 
 
 JE 1-8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Quadr antes 
 
 
 
 
 Boar running r. ; beneath, • • • 
 
 Same as obverse, but type 1. 
 
 7 
 
 1338 
 
 JE 1-6 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 1337 
 
 jE 1-G 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 1297 
 
 JE 1-6 
 
 - 
 
 
 10 
 
 112*; 
 
 JE 1-7 - 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 Sext antes 
 
 
 
 
 Young male head r., wearing pilos ; 
 
 Same as obverse, but type 1. 
 
 
 
 
 behind, * 
 
 
 11 
 
 1033 
 
 JE 1-5 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 917 
 
 JE 1-55 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 834 
 
 ^ 14 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 530 
 
 JE 1-3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Un c i ae 
 
 
 
 
 Barleycorn ; in field r., • 
 
 Same as obverse, but mark of value 1. 
 
 15 
 
 2G4 
 
 ^ -95 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 258 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SIXTH SERIES 
 
 
 
 
 (ALBA FUCENTIS ?) 
 
 
 
 
 Dupondius 
 
 
 
 
 Young head r., wearing Phrygian helmet ; 
 
 Archaic wheel of six spokes, between two 
 
 
 
 
 behind, ~ ; all on raised field. 
 
 of which, II; all on raised field. 
 
 1 
 
 «699 
 
 JE 3-4 
 
 
 C2 
 
12 
 
 ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 1356 
 
 M 1-7 
 
 910 
 
 JE 1-6 
 
 G8G 
 673 
 566 
 
 M 1-4 
 JE 1-25 
 M 1-3 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Tr ie ns 
 
 Horse galloping, 1. ; around, 
 raised field. 
 
 • • 
 
 on 
 
 Similar, with four dots as marks of value, 
 each between two spokes. 
 
 Quadrans 
 
 Hound 1., with raised head and forepaw ; i Similar, Avith tloi-ee dots as marks of value, 
 
 beneath, • • • j all on raised field. 
 
 Tortoise ; on raised field. 
 
 each between two spokes. 
 
 Sext antes 
 
 Similar, with two dots as marks of value, 
 each between two spokes. 
 
 marks of value in opposite spaces, 
 only one mark of value visible. 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 13 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 826 
 
 M 1-35 
 
 Campania 
 
 VELECHA 
 
 Third Century B.c, 
 
 Tr ie n s 
 
 Head ofj* Helios, facing ; on either side • 
 and • 
 
 Head of ram 1.; beneath, •••• ; above, 
 traces of CE 
 
 [Plate i. 3.] 
 
14 
 
 ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Apulia 
 
 
 
 
 LUCERIA * 
 
 
 
 
 In the course of the Second Samnite War Luceria changed hands more than once. 
 Oh its final ccqjture hy the Romans it was made a 'colonia ' (314 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 Heavy System (Circa 314—250 B.C.) 
 
 
 
 
 Asses 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laureated ; in front, __ 
 
 Cock, 1. 
 
 1 
 
 3361 
 
 ^ 2-6 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 3182 
 
 M 2-75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 TJnc iae 
 
 
 
 
 Toad. 
 
 Ear of barley ; in field 1., • 
 
 3 
 
 577 
 
 M 11 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 558 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Triental System (After circa 250 B.C.) 
 
 
 
 
 As 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., iu lion's skin ; 
 beneath neck, club 1. 
 
 Horse trotting r. ; above, star of eight 
 rays ; beneath, ^ 
 
 5 
 
 1411 
 
 M 1-9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Quin cunx 
 
 
 
 
 Nave and four spokes of ai'cbaic vrlieel ; 
 on raised field. 
 
 Same type as obverse ; between upper 
 spokes, •,*,• ; between lower, l^ ; all 
 on raised field. 
 
 6 
 
 555 
 
 ^ 1-3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Trientes 
 
 
 
 
 Thunderbolt, on raised field. 
 
 Club r. ; above, •••• ; beneath, ^ ; all 
 on raised field. 
 
 7 
 
 538 
 
 ^ 1-2 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 271 
 
 M -95 
 
 (much worn) 
 
 
 
 
 
 * See also p. 56. 
 
AES GRAVE 
 
 15 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 4655 
 
 1577 
 
 1143 
 
 708 
 
 661 
 
 436 
 
 101 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 3-05 
 
 M 1-8 
 
 JE 1-6 
 
 ^ 1-5 
 
 M 1-5 
 
 vE 1- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Uncertain 
 
 (PRmCIPALLY OF CENTRAL ITALY) 
 Heavy System (Circa 350 — 268 B.C.) 
 
 As 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 Head of griffin r. 
 
 Tr i e ns 
 
 Wheel of eight spokes, each ending in 
 double hook. 
 
 Crescent ; within which, star of eight 
 rays ; in field, • • • • 
 
 Head of ram 1. ; aroiind, ••• 
 
 Anchor, between • and 
 
 Tortoise, between • and 
 
 Qu a d r an s 
 
 Head of dolphin 1. ; around, ••< 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Ornamental trident, between • and • 
 
 Head and neck of snake r., with crest and 
 beard ; on either side, • 
 
 Bird 1. 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 Plain. 
 
 [Plate i. 4.] 
 
 Head of caduceus. 
 
 A 
 
 * This coin is sometimes attributed to Asculum in Picennm, or to the town of the same name in 
 Apulia. The find-spot of the two Berlin specimens points rather to Campania. See Berlin CataL, 
 III., i. p. 29. 
 
16 
 
 ETRURIA 
 
 T 
 
 ! 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 STRUCK COINS 
 
 
 
 
 The struck coinage of Italy is not necessarily later than the Acs Grave ; but casting was 
 the easier and cheaper method of coining when large lumps of metal had to be dealt 
 with. The silver and gold of most of the Italian towns probably ceased to be issued 
 soon after circa 268 B.C., ichen Rome, having established her supremacy over the 
 peninsida, reorganized her coinage, and began to strike silver. In many cases the issue 
 of bronze continued, sometimes lasting until 89 B.C., when the provincial mints of Italy, 
 tvith the exception of Paestum, loere finally closed by a Lex Plautia Papiria. 
 
 
 
 
 Eteqeia 
 
 
 
 
 POPULONIA* 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 Circa 350—269 B.C. 
 
 Eubolc- Syracusan Standard (Reduced by Half)f 
 Pieces of Twenty Units 
 
 
 
 
 Gorgon's bead, diademed; beneath, XX; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Two caducei, in opposite directions ; in 
 plain held. 
 
 1 
 
 132-9 
 
 JR -9 
 
 mark of value on r., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate r. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; beneath, X X ; on either 
 side of which, small ring ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Plain. 
 
 2 
 
 123-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 3 (9).] 
 
 Head of beardless Herakles, facing, wear- 
 ing lion's skin ; at sides of throat, X 
 and X ; border of dots. 
 
 Club, in plain field. 
 
 3 
 
 130-2 
 
 u'R -9 
 
 mark of value on 1., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate i. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 * It is not certain that all the following uninscribed coins belong to Populonia. Nos. 4 and 5 are 
 later in style than the others. See Berlin CataL, III., i. pp. 36—39. 
 
 
 
 
 t The largest coins of this series are about th 
 marks show that the monetary unit== yy = 6-C gr 
 
 e weight of Euboic-Attic didrachms. The valne- 
 ain.s, i.e. about one half of the Sicilian silver litra. 
 
POPULONIA— VETULONIA 
 
 17 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 I 
 
 28- 
 2G-9 
 
 JR -55 
 
 129-5 
 
 JE -9 
 
 208-O 
 
 ^ 105 
 
 M •1»5 
 
 Head of Hermes r., wearing winged 
 petasos ; behind, 3 ; {)lain border. 
 
 Pieces of Five Units 
 Plain. 
 
 uncertain marks in field, 
 no marks. 
 
 Bkokze 
 
 Third Centunj B.C. 
 
 Earlier System 
 
 Sextans 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; above, •• ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 M V J ... Owl r., on two balls (value- 
 niarks) ; above, crescent between two 
 stars of six rays. 
 
 Reduced Weight 
 T r i e n 8 
 
 Head of (beardless ?) Hephaistos r.. wear- 
 ing pilos bound with wreath and having 
 a loop at the top ; in front of forehead, 
 • ; behind, X ; border of dots. 
 
 R MV>J A\J A Hammer and tongs ; be- 
 tween which marks of value ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 three value-marks \'isible. 
 (Restruck on sextans of the Earlier System.) 
 
 VETULONIA 
 
 Bronze 
 
 lliird Centurij B.C. 
 
 Sextans 
 
 fl3 Head of Herakles r,, in lion's skin; I Trident: on either side of which, dolphin 
 beneath head, • • ; border of dots. downwards and • ; plain border. 
 
 I dolphin and value-mark on r., off coin. 
 
 [Platk I. 7.] 
 
18 
 
 ETRURIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 UNCERTAIN OF ETRURIA 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 TJn c i ae 
 
 
 
 
 Wheel of six spokes ; between two of 
 which, • 
 
 Anchor, with ring at either end ; on either 
 side, • and > ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 144-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 143-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 3 instead of > 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 23 (3).] 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 The types of Nos. 3 — 5 possibly refer to HannihaVs victory at Lnl-e Trasimene (217 B.C.) , 
 
 ivhen all Ms clepltants had pert sled of cold, except the one which carried himself* The 
 
 head on the Obverse would then he that of the driver. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of negro r. ; bordex- of dots. 
 
 Elephant r. ; border of dots. 
 
 3 
 
 75- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 beneath, ^\ 
 
 4 
 
 57- 
 
 M -75 
 
 (border plain.) 
 
 beneath, 3 
 
 5 
 
 C 
 
 64-5 
 42- 
 
 JE -75 
 JE -6 
 
 Head of jontb r., wearing skin of animal 
 (young Herakles ?) ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, ^ (border doubtful). 
 
 Dog (spaniel) running 1.; beneath, VW i 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate i. 8.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur., quiver at shoulder; 
 in front, < ; border of dots. 
 
 Owl towards r. ; in front, < 
 
 7 
 
 42-5 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 * Polybius, iii. 79. See E. Babclon, in Rccue Num., 1896. 
 
 • 
 
 ■ 
 
UMBRIA 
 
 i;) 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 Umbria 
 
 ARIMINUM* 
 
 Bronzk 
 Circa 268 n.o. 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of Hepliaistos 1., bearded and having 
 long hair ; he wears pilos bound with 
 wreath, and drapery about neck ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 GauHsh warrior, wearing torquis, advan- 
 cing 1., with drawn sword, under shelter j 
 of large oval shield, the boss of which ' 
 ends in long ridge ; sheath of sword 
 visible behind ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 73- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 in ex., traces of inscr.? • 
 
 2 
 
 72-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 25 (7).] 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 TUDER t 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 260 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Seilenos r,, wearing wreath of ivy; 
 border of dots. 
 
 1 
 3 3 + V K Eagle 1., wings open ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 48- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * See also p. 4. t See also p. 4. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 D 2 
 
20 
 
 PICENUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 106- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 PiCENUM* 
 
 ANCONA 
 
 Ancona, icliicJi had heea founded hy Syrucusan exiles circa 390 B.C., was conquered hy 
 the Jtomans circa 290 B.C. The Beverse type is a ' canting badge ' referring to the name 
 
 of the town. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 290—268 B.C. 
 
 Head of Apbrodite r., laur., with earring ; 
 hair in knot ; drapery about neck ; 
 behind, A\ ; border of dots. 
 
 APKHN Bent r. aiin, holding palm- 
 branch 1. ; above, two stars. 
 
 IB.M.C., p. 40 (1).] 
 
 * See also p. 7. 
 

 LATIUM 
 
 21 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 lG-9 
 
 84- 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -8 
 
 Lateum* 
 
 ALBA FUCENTIS 
 
 I'ltr Bomans planted a ' colonia ' at Alba Fucentis in 303 B.C. 
 
 Circa 303—268 B.C. 
 Silver 
 
 N ummu s ? 
 
 Head of Hermes r., wearing petasos. 
 
 AUBA Winged griffin running r. 
 
 AQUimJM 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Certain cities in Central Italy apparenth/ had the privilege of stril-ing bronze conceded 
 them by Borne in 268 B.C. See under Cales, Suessa, Teanum and Uncertain of Italy. 
 
 Circa 268—217 B.C. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., weaiung crested Corin- | [A]QVINO Cock r. ; beLind, star of 
 thian helmet ; haii' hanging down ; : eight rays ; border of dots. 
 border of dots. 
 
 * See also pp. 8 ff. 
 
22 
 
 SAMNIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 123- 
 
 M -85 
 
 116- 
 
 M -8 
 
 128- 
 
 JE '8 
 
 Samnium 
 
 AESERNIA 
 Aeseruia was made a ' colonia ' hy the Somans circa 263 B.C. 
 
 Bronze 
 After circa 263 B.C. 
 
 VOUC/XNOM Head of beardless 
 Hepliaistos 1., wearing laur. pilos with 
 loop at top ; behind, forceps ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 VOU</XNOM Similar type ; no loop 
 visible ; behind, foi-ceps ; border of dots. 
 
 [A I ^ ER] N I O Head of Pallas 1., wear- 
 ing necklace and crested Corinthian 
 helmet adorned with serpent ; behind, 
 club up^^■ards ; no border visible. 
 
 AI^ERNIN[0] (in ex.) Zeus thunder- 
 ing in biga !■. ; horses in high action. 
 
 [ /X I ^ E] R N I [ N O] (in ex.) Similar type ; 
 but above, Nike flying r. to crown horses, 
 which advance more slowly. 
 
 Eagle r., wings open, holding serpent in 
 its claws ; border of dots. 
 
AESERNIA— SOCIAL WAR 
 
 23 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 58-9 
 
 59-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 /R -75 
 
 56-3 
 
 .'R -7 
 
 58-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 59-9 
 5(v 
 
 M -8 
 
 COIlSrAGE OF THE SOCIAL WAR 
 
 The Italian Allies, during their fnal struggle for indejjendence, struck silver coins of the 
 ireight of the Bovian denarius. The head on the Obverse, in some cases at least, 
 represents Italia. The name that occurs on Nos. 4 — 6 is that of C. Papius Mutilus, 
 who was one of the ' consuls ' elected hy the Allies during the loar. The legend on the 
 Reverse of No. 3 is in all lilcelihood also the name of a magistrate ; hut the precise 
 
 reading is uncertain. 
 
 Circa 91—88 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Denarii 
 
 With Oscan Inscriptions 
 
 VI>j3Th3 (downwards) Female head 
 1.. laur., wearing earring and necklace; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Man standing facing, head r., wearing 
 helmet and cloak ; his r. hand rests 
 on the top of an inverted spear, his 1. 
 grasps sword in sheath ; liis 1. foot rests 
 on small object Ipng on ground ; at his 
 feet 1. are visible head and chest of ox 
 reclining ; border of dots. 
 
 in ex , R 
 
 [Plate i. 9.] 
 
 no necklfice visible. 
 
 Similar type ; in front of neck, X ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 aVTROaVViaJI-TVWl Yoanghead 
 
 1., wearing ornamented helmet with 
 crest and feather ; border of dots. 
 
 V N 3TI-I1 Bust of youth r., whiskered ; 
 wears helmet with crest and feather, 
 and cloak ; behind neck, x ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 in ex., I 
 
 ]>I3V-J-IM Similar lype ; 
 R '? ; border of dots. 
 
 ] innfsin-> (in ex.) Youth kneeling 
 1., with head turned up towards r., 
 holding in his anns young pig (head 1.); 
 on either side a soldier, bareheaded, 
 taking oath, leaning on inverted spear 
 with 1., and touching pig with sword 
 held in r. ; border of dots. 
 
 •>-hinRnn> (in ex.) Youth kneeling 
 with pig, as above ; on either side two 
 soldiers, bareheaded, taking oath, touch- 
 ing pig with swords held in r., and gi'asp- 
 iug sheaths with 1. ; border of dots. 
 
24 
 
 SA^INIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 65-5 
 
 /R -7 
 
 60-5 
 
 .^l -75 
 
 57-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 54- 
 
 M -7 
 
 58-5 
 
 .56-5 
 
 .^l -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 Female head 1., laur., wearing earring (and 
 necklace ?) ; border of dots. 
 
 Youth, as above ; behind him, a standard ; 
 on either side four soldiers in same 
 attitude as above ; in ex, , R 1 1 ? ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Wtfh Latin Inscriptions 
 
 Female head r. , laur., wearing earring and 
 necklace j in front of neck, X ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 ITALIA Similar type; in front, X; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Female bust r., laur., weai'ing earring and 
 necklace ; drapery about neck ; in front, 
 XV I ; border of dots. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 ITALIA Female head 1., laur., wearing 
 earring and necklace ; border of dots. 
 
 ITALIA (in ex.) Italia 1., seated on top 
 of pile of thx'ee shields ; leans on spear 
 with r., and grasps with 1. sword in 
 sheath ; behind stands Nike, crowning 
 her ; in Held 1., \Y\ ' border of dots. 
 
 Similar type; in ex., uncertain letter. 
 
 Similar type ; but Italia sits on edge of 
 three shields, while Nike is larger ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 [Plate i. 10.] 
 
 Type similar to no. 7 ; border of dots. 
 
 in ex., A 
 [Pl,ATE I. 11.] 
 
 I in ex., V 
 

 TRENT ANI 
 
 25 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 FlIENTANI 
 
 
 
 
 LARINUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 217 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 There (ire coiiiK of earlier date with Greek inscriptions. The folloicing, vith Oscan 
 inscri^jtions, are struck on the Uncial System, and are therefore subsequent to the Uncial 
 
 Reduction at Borne. 
 
 
 
 
 Quin cu nx 
 
 1 
 
 212-5 
 
 JE -95 
 
 Head of young Ares r., in crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 UADINOD Warrior on horse, galloping 
 1. ; spear couched, cloak flying behind 
 him ; carries round shield with device ; 
 in ex. , • • • • • ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate i. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 Tr i ens 
 
 2 
 
 127-5 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Dodonacan Zeus, wi-eathed with 
 oak-leaves, r. ; border of dots. 
 
 UADINOD Eagle r., on thunderbolt, 
 with wings open and head thrown back ; 
 underneath, •••• ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 IB.M.C., p. 71 (7).] 
 
 
 
 
 Sextans 
 
 
 
 
 Head (of Dione ?) r., veiled and wreathed ; 
 wears earring ; border of dots. 
 
 UADINOD Dolphin r. ; beneath, •• ; 
 plain border. 
 
 3 
 
 70-5 
 
 jE -7 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 Unc ia 
 
 ■i 
 
 go- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 Head of (bearded ?) youth, laur., r. ; 
 beneath, < ; border of dots. 
 
 UADI Coniucopiae, ending in head of 
 NOD horned animal; in field r., • ; 
 plain border. 
 
 . 
 
 
2(; 
 
 CA^klPANlA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10-8 
 9-2 
 8-6 
 
 10-4 
 
 M -45 
 M -45 
 M -4 
 .R -45 
 
 377 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 Campania 
 
 ALLIBA 
 
 Silver 
 
 Litrae 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; around, tlu'ee 
 doljiliins ; border of dots. 
 
 (dolpliins only partially visible.) 
 
 (no border visible.) 
 
 Skylla r., dog's head on either shoulder ; 
 she holds cuttle-tish in lowered r. hand, 
 and shell (or fish ?) in 1. ; beneath, 
 naussel ; plain border. 
 
 traces of iuscr. 
 
 AAA_- 
 
 (dolphins only partially %'isible.) A B 
 
 (Barbarous work) 
 
 I AAAAA/ A\ 
 
 (Very barbarous work) 
 
 ATELLA 
 
 "he roivn of Afella are ov the Tricutid Sijsfem, and are therefore suhscqncnt to the^ 
 lYlental Reduction. The city joined Ilminihal after Cannae, and shared the fate of 
 Capua in 211 B.C. Tlie Obverse type of No. 1 should be comjpared ivith Ca;piia 
 
 Nos. 1 and 2. 
 
 Th 
 1 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 250—211 B.C. 
 
 Tr i ens 
 
 Head of Zeus, laur., r. ; behind. 
 
 JOa^n Zeus thundering in galloping 
 quadi-iga r. ; sceptre in 1. hand ; behind, 
 Nike as charioteer ; in ex., marks of 
 value ; plain border. 
 
 onlv three value-marks visible. 
 
ALLIBA— CALES 
 
 27 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 20^ 
 
 109 
 
 107-5 
 
 106-6 
 112-2 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 112-2 .11 -85 
 
 .'R -85 
 
 M 9 
 
 .11 pi. ■[) 
 Al -85 
 M -85 
 
 Sextans 
 
 Similar type ; behind, • ; plain border. 
 
 >JQ39n (in ex.) Two soldiers, bare- 
 headed, and weai-ing cloaks and high 
 boots, standing facing one another, with 
 swords in uplifted r. hands, taking oath 
 over a j)ig which they grasp with 1. ; in 
 field 1., ? ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 [Plate i. l^.j 
 
 CALES 
 
 Circa 334— 2G8 B.C. 
 
 The Bomans made CuJcs a ' cohniia ' in 33-4 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard * 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., in crested Corinthian 
 helmet, with eai-ring and necklace ; on 
 helmet, small crest at side, beneath which 
 serpent; behind, cornucopiae. 
 
 CAUENO (in ex.) Nike in biga, driving 
 1. ; holds reins in 1. ; with r. touches 
 horses with goad. 
 
 [Plate i. 14.] 
 
 Similar head ; (ni helmet, serpent, but no 
 small crest ; itehind, club u])wards ; 
 beneath, E 
 
 Similar head r. ; no earring ; necklace 
 doubtful. 
 
 on helmet, serpent ; behind, dagger. 
 
 (same die) 
 
 on helmet, pentagi-am ; behind, bipennis. 
 
 on helmet, branch (?) ; behind, sili)hium- 
 like symbol. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 [CA]UENro] Similar type; but Nike 
 holds goad stretched out in r. ; front rail 
 of chariot straight. 
 
 CAUENO Similar type ; but front rail 
 of chariot rises to a point. 
 
 L 15.] 
 
 * See under Yri.i.v. 
 
 V. 2 
 
28 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 i 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 16 
 17 
 
 18 
 19 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 114-5 
 
 92-5 
 
 98- 
 
 108-5 
 
 99- 
 99-5 
 IIG- 
 
 8G-5 
 
 99-5 
 101- 
 89-5 
 
 
 •85 
 •8 
 
 •85 
 
 
 ■85 
 ■85 
 
 M -S 
 
 m -85 
 
 M -8 
 M -75 
 
 102- 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 1125 
 
 M 
 
 •8 
 
 86^5 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 114-5 M -85 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 CAUENO Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, cock r. 
 
 ,, „ (inscr., off coin) , 
 
 behind, aplustre. 
 
 behind, helmet with cheek-pieces. 
 
 CAUENO Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, sword downwai'ds. 
 behind, club downwards, 
 behind, spear-head npwai-ds. 
 
 behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; at back part of 
 head, beneath wreath, portion of a dotted 
 diadem is visible ; border of dots. 
 
 behind, oval shield. 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 CAUENO Head of Apollo 1., laur.; 
 behind, star ; border of dots. 
 
 no inscr. or symbol visible. 
 
 Man-headed bull r., showing full face ; 
 above, lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, P 
 
 beneath, E 
 beneath, X 
 
 CAUENO (in ex.) Man-headed bull r., 
 showing full face ; above, lyre ; plain 
 border. 
 
 beneath, A 
 
 beneath, no letter visible. 
 
 beneath, uncertain letter or symbol j (ex., 
 off coin). 
 
 beneath, star of eight rays. 
 
 CAUENO (in ex.) Man-headed bull r., 
 showing full face ; above, Nike flying r., 
 to crown bull. 
 
 CAUENO (in ex.) Man-headed bull r., 
 showing full face ; above, large star of 
 sixteen rays ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, A 
 beneath, O 
 beneath, star (eight rays ?). 
 
 After circa 2G8 B.C. 
 
 Bronze 
 Sec under Aquinum. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., in crested Connthian 
 helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 CAUENO Cock r. ; behind, stai- of eight 
 rays ; Ijorder of dots. 
 
 [Plate i. 1G.] 
 

 CALES— CAPUA 
 
 29 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 207 
 
 22G 
 
 130 
 122 
 102 
 
 126 
 113 
 
 lO!) 
 
 M -95 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -85 
 JE -8 
 M -85 
 
 JE -85 
 .E -85 
 
 /E -85 
 
 CAPUAf 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Ci'rm 250—211 B.C. 
 
 TJie bronze with vahie-mnrlcs is on the Tricntal Si/ stem. Capua revolted after Cannae, 
 and was reduced to complete subjection in 211 B.C. 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur.; behind, | ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 DHRM (in ex.) Eagle standing r., on 
 thunderbolt, with wings open, looking 
 back; in held, r. and 1., *; border of 
 dots. 
 
 3nR^ (in ex.) Selene in galloping biga 
 r. ; above, * * ; bordei- of dots. 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 82 (;)).] 
 
 XJn c i ae 
 
 Bust of Artemis r., with diadem sur- 
 rounded by small rays ; hair gathered 
 in knot at top ; drapery alx)ut neck ; 
 behind, bow and quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 rays visible mainly in front. 
 
 3nn^ (in ex.) Boar running r. 
 above, • ; border of dots. 
 
 [BJI.C, p. 81 (4).] 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laui*. ; behind, * ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Femal^ head r., wearing earring, necklace, 
 and turi-eted headdress adorned with 
 thunderbolt ; behind, sjnnbol resembling 
 pedum j beneath, O ; border of dots. 
 
 D n R ^ (in ex.) Nike r., ci-owning trophy; 
 in field r., * ; border of dots. 
 
 DHRM (in ex.) Amied horseman, bare- 
 headed, r., with spear couched and cloak 
 fljnng ; horee pi'ancing ; beneath, shell ; 
 in field 1., * ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate ii. 1.] 
 
 f See also pj). 50-52. 
 
ao 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 11 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 Weight 
 
 83- 
 
 48-5 
 42-5 
 
 68-5 
 
 118-4 
 
 118-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 M -7 
 JE -7 
 
 JE -65 
 
 JE -6 
 
 JE -65 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 Bust of Hera r., wearing stejDliane, neck- i DflR^ Two archaic idols; above, fillet; 
 lace, and earring; drapery about neck; j in field 1., tripod-like object; border of 
 
 at shoulder, sceptre ; border of dots. 
 
 dots. 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 83 (15).] 
 
 Head of Hera r., wearing veil and stephane; 
 at shoulder, sceptre; border of dots. 
 
 3 n R ^ Ear of barley with two leaves ; 
 in field r., tripod-like object ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate ii. 2.] 
 
 Head of Apollo i-., laur., hair long; border 
 of dots. 
 
 3 n R M Ijyi'e, on side of which, fillet ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 CUMAE 
 
 Ctimae perliaps struck coins first {circa 500 — 490 B.C.) on the Aeginetic, and subsequently 
 
 {circa 490 — 480 B.C.) on the Euhoic-Attic Standard. Then came the following series. 
 
 The city was captured by the Samnites circa 421 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard* 
 
 Circa 480—421 B.C. 
 
 Didr achms 
 Female head (Kyme ?) r., diademed ; early ; KWMAIOVi Mussel-shell r., hinge 
 
 style ; haii' caught up behind and passed 
 through diadem so as to fall over it in a 
 small bunch. 
 
 pointing downwards ; beneath, nautilus 
 1.; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate ii. 3.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Mussel-shell 1., hinge pointing upwards ; 
 above, long fish 1. ; double ling border. 
 
 ti'aces of inscr. 
 
 * See under Velia. 
 
CAPUA— HYRIA 
 
 31 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 109-4 
 
 114-4 
 
 107-3 
 
 114-9 
 
 112-7 
 
 .'R -8 
 
 .R -So 
 
 /R -8 
 
 .R pi. -8 
 
 /R -9 
 
 M -85 
 
 Female liead r., diademed ; later in style; KVA\AIOA/ Mussel-sliellr.,liinge point- 
 
 hair rolled behind ; wears necklace ? 
 
 ing upwards ; above, long fish r. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [Plate ii. 4.] 
 
 Similar head r., without necklace ; haii' 
 waved. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 N OIAAA VX (beginning r. and 
 running down) Mussel-shell r.. hinge 
 pointing downwards ; beneath, barley- 
 corn ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 NOlAMY^I (beginning r. and ranning 
 up) Same type, more realistically 
 executed ; same symbol ;• border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate ii. 5.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 KVMAIOA/ Mussel-shell r., hinge 
 pointing upwai-ds ; above, barleycorn; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KV M AlO/V Mussel-shell 1., hinge 
 pointing downwai'ds ; beneath, barley- 
 corn ; border of dots. 
 
 HYRIA 
 
 The coins of this unhwwn town Khouhl be compared irith those of Nenpolis and Nola. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Circa 420—340 B.C. 
 
 Didr achms 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wcai-ing Athenian helmet, 
 on which traces of olive-leaves. 
 
 [H] VPI ETEf Man-headed bull butting 
 r. ; between its legs A and ^ , and a 
 plant showing three blades. 
 
 5 only partially visible. 
 
 [Plate ii. 6.] 
 
32 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keveese 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing Athenian 
 helmet, on which owl and olive-wi-eath ; 
 the whole within a I'im in high relief. 
 
 fl M E d Y Man-headed bull advancing r. ; 
 line of exergue, double. 
 
 2 
 
 109-1 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate ii. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; no inm. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 3 
 
 111-5 
 
 JR -85 
 
 
 AMI a Y line of ex., double. 
 
 4 
 
 110-4 
 
 JR -9 
 
 
 YD !NA line of ex., single. 
 
 5 
 
 1109 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 V ^ 1 Np^ line of ex., single. 
 
 6 
 
 110-.7 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 .MMY beneath bull /t. ; line of ex., 
 double. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate ii. 8.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similai-. 
 
 Similar type 1.; line of ex., double. 
 
 7 
 
 109-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 VD>INAI 
 
 8 
 
 107-8 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar tj-pe 1. 
 
 [Vt>]INAI 
 
 flt1l<dY Similar type r. ; line of ex., 
 double. 
 
 9 
 
 112-5 
 
 ^ '8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; line of ex., single. 
 
 10 
 
 1131 
 
 M -8 
 
 behind head, P 
 
 \NI<1Y 
 
 U 
 
 114-7 
 
 ^ '8 
 
 )) » 
 
 YPIANO^ 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate u. 9.] 
 
 12 
 
 
 /II pi. -8 
 
 no letter. 
 
 (INMQY line of ex., double. 
 
 18 
 
 116- 
 
 ^•75 
 
 no letter. 
 Similar. 
 
 fl M 1 Y line of ex., single. 
 Similar type 1.; line of ex., double. 
 
 14 
 
 109-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 Vt>IN^AI 
 
 15 
 
 103-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 VDINP\I 
 
 16 
 
 
 yR pi. -S 
 
 Female head r., wearing diadem, earring, 
 and necklace, as on coins of Neapolis. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 ^ VI 1 a Y Man-headed bull r. 
 ex., off coin. 
 II. 10.] 
 
 
HYRIA— NEAPOLIS 
 
 33 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 17 
 
 18* 
 
 112-4 
 
 112-2 
 
 112-8 
 
 9-<J 
 
 112-6 
 112-7 
 
 .'R -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 .R -9 
 
 /R -4 
 
 .R -8 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Hera, tliree- quarter face towards 
 r., weai'iiig necklace, and stepliaiios 
 ornamented with honeysuckle between 
 two gi'iffins, both facing r. ; hair flowing 
 freely ; in field i-., P ; border of dots. 
 
 Man-headed bull advanciug r. 
 
 flm <1 [Y] line of ex., double. 
 [Plate n. 11.] 
 
 I AHSQY line of ex., suigle. 
 
 NEAPOLIS 
 
 TJie coins of Neapolis hear hardhj otnj trace of its political fortunes. Tlietr chronological 
 
 ((rranijement rents on grounds of stijle. With the earlier types compare the coins of 
 
 Ilyria and Noht. See also under Thuiuum. 
 
 Silver 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Circa 420 — iOO B.C. 
 Didrachm 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athenian 
 helmet bound with wreath of olive. 
 
 A/EOrOAITI i Man-headed bull 
 r., with 1. foreleg raised ; line of ex., 
 double. 
 
 [Platb II. 12.] 
 
 Obol 
 
 Similar head; decoration of helnietdoubtful. 
 
 [N]EorO Forepart of man-headed 
 bull swimming 1, 
 
 Circa 400—340 B.C. 
 Didrachm s 
 
 Female head r., wearing broad diadem, 
 earring, and necklace. 
 
 earinng and necklace doubtful. 
 
 earring of three drops ; behind head, E 
 
 Man -headed bull r., showing full fa(;e ; 
 above, Nike flpug r., crowning bull ; 
 inscr. in ex. 
 
 jHTIAono3M 
 
 NEoroAITH^ 
 
 [Plate ii. 13.] 
 
 * In arranging the coins of Hyria I have been mainly gnideil by liiil.oof-Bhimcr {Znr 
 Miinzlcunde Grossoriechenlands, &c., pp. 206 ff). 
 
 P 
 
34 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 ir, 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 101- 
 
 110- 
 
 113-9 
 
 112- 
 
 112-2 
 
 107-2 
 
 111-8 
 105-9 
 110-5 
 113-1 
 
 113-5 
 
 111-3 
 
 105-5 
 
 115-7 
 
 110-9 
 
 yR -8 earring of single drop ; behind head, E 
 
 no earring or necklace visible. 
 
 Similar head 1. 
 
 (plate 
 M 
 
 •8 
 
 M 
 
 ■8 
 
 /R 
 
 -75 
 
 M 
 
 •9 
 
 Al 
 
 •85 
 
 M 
 
 -8 
 
 M 
 
 -8 
 
 Al 
 
 -8 
 
 M 
 
 -85 
 
 M 
 
 -8 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 JR-pl 
 
 .-85 
 
 M 
 
 -75 
 
 AX 
 
 -75 
 
 Ai 
 
 ■75 
 
 NE0r0AITH$ beneath bull, N 
 
 [ ^ H ] T I A O n O 3 M in very rude letters . 
 
 Same type 1. ; inscr. in ex. ; line of ex. 
 double. 
 
 no earring or necklace. 
 
 A/HOrOAITAS 
 
 [Plate ii. 14.] 
 eaiTing of three di^ops, and necklace. [NEon]OAITH$ 
 
 Similar head r. ; earring of three drops ; 
 all within ring border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar head r., of later style ; ordinary 
 diadem, over the edge of -which locks 
 of hair here and there escape ; eari-ing 
 of three drops ; behind head, bunch of 
 grapes ; beneath, AIO<|>ANOY5 
 
 inscr., off coin. 
 
 only first foui* letters of inscr. visible. 
 
 inscr., barely legible. 
 
 Similar head ; behind, bunch of gi'apes ; 
 beneath, ear of barley? r. 
 
 Similar head ; behind, kantharos ; beneath, 
 Ai 
 
 Same type r. ; inscr. in ex. 
 
 NEoroAIT[H§J 
 
 A/EoroAIT . [$] beneath bull, T 
 
 Same type 1. ; inscr. in ex. ; line of ex. 
 double. 
 
 NEoroAITH$ 
 
 NEOrOAITA^ 
 
 NEOPOAITH^ (in ex.) Man-headed 
 bull r., showing full face ; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 beneath bull, p^ 
 beneath bull, E3 
 
 Similar ; but beneath bull, ivy-leaf up-wards. 
 Similar, but no symbol ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 [Plate ii. 15.] 
 
NEAPOLIS 
 
 35 
 
 No. 
 
 21 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 25 
 26 
 
 27 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 Weight 
 
 103-1 
 112-2 
 
 107-2 
 
 115-2 
 112-2 
 113-2 
 
 113-8 
 111-8 
 
 113-3 
 
 113-2 
 
 115-3 
 114-6 
 
 lli-7 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 M -8 
 /R -75 
 
 /R -75 
 
 M -8 
 Al -8 
 M -75 
 
 M -75 
 ^•85 
 
 M -8 
 
 .11 -8 
 
 ^11 -75 
 yR. -7 
 
 Jl -75 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 symbol imperfect ; letters, off coin, 
 no letters visible. 
 
 Similar head ; but one or two locks escape 
 behind ear and cover central pax-t of 
 diadem ; rove of dots visible at back, 
 beneath diadem ; behind, amphora. 
 
 beneath bull, Bl 
 
 Similar type ; line of ex., double. 
 
 inscr., doubtful. 
 
 Circa 340—268 B.C. or later. 
 Didrachms 
 
 Similar head, veith oi'dinary diadem, visible 
 throughout ; earring of three di'ops ; 
 behind, Artemis r., holding lighted torch 
 in each hand ; beneath, APTEMI 
 
 ARTE 
 
 Similar head ; behind, bunch of grapes ; 
 in front, X ; beneath, $TA 
 
 NEOroAITHN (in ex.) Man-headed 
 l)ull r., showing full face ; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 beneath bull, M (inscr., off coin.) 
 
 beneath bull, N 
 
 beneath bull, \f] (inscr., off coin). 
 
 Similar ; but beneath bull, K 
 
 [Plate ii. 16.] 
 
 Similar head (somewhat larger) ; behind, 
 bunch of grapes. 
 
 Similar head (usual size) ; behind, Artemis 
 running r., holding with both hands 
 loDg torch lighted. 
 
 Similar head ; behind, astragalos. 
 
 Similar head, but diadem broader than 
 usual ; locks escape here and there. 
 
 behind, ^ 
 behind, X 
 
 Similar head ; diadem of usual breadth ; 
 behind, club downwiu-ds. 
 
 Similar : nothing beneath bull. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 NEOPOAITXIN (on raised band of ex. 
 Similar type ; beneath bull, O 
 
 inscr., off' coin. 
 [Plate ii. 17.] 
 
 Similar type ; beneath bull, 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
36 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 34 
 
 112-5 
 
 .11 -8 
 
 Similar head ; row of dots visible at back, 
 beneath diadem ; behind, cornucopiae ; 
 in frout, A ? 
 
 [NEjOroAITON (in ex.) Similar 
 type. 
 
 beneath bull, f* 
 
 35 
 
 113-2 
 
 /R -75 
 
 Similar head ; behind, traces of symbol or 
 letter. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 beneath bull, EYE 
 
 36 
 
 110-7 
 
 yR 75 
 
 Similar head (smaller than usiial) ; hair 
 very wavy ; behind, bunch of grapes. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar head (usual size) ; locks escape 
 behind ear and cover centi-al part of 
 diadem ; no row of dots \-isible beneath ; 
 behind, bucrauium ; jslain border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 beneath bull, AI ; in field r., 0E 
 II. 18.] 
 
 Similar type ; plain border. 
 
 37 
 
 109-2 
 
 Al-7 
 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 38 
 
 107-7 
 
 ^•85 
 
 Similar head ; diadem of slightly difEerent 
 form ; behind, quiver with belt. 
 
 Similar head ; locks escape behind and 
 cover lower part of diadem ; row of 
 dots visible at back of head, beneath 
 diadem ; behind, Artemis running r., 
 holding long torch in both hands. 
 
 Similar type ; inscr. in ex. ; no border. 
 [NJEoroAITON 
 
 Similar. 
 
 39 
 
 110-7 
 
 .^-8 
 
 beneath, TAPME 
 
 [N]EonoAIT[nN] beneath bull, 
 bee 1. 
 
 40 
 
 
 .'R pi. -8 
 
 beneath, XAPI 
 
 Similar head ; behind, astragalos length- 
 wise. 
 
 inscr. illegible ; beneath bull, ^ 
 
 N EO r O A 1 TX2N Similar ; but beneath 
 
 bull, K 
 
 41 
 
 111- 
 
 MS 
 
 beneath, XAPI A E 
 
 (inscr., partly off coin). 
 
 42 
 
 112-4 
 
 Ai -8 
 
 beneath, X 
 
 Similar head ; behind, kantharos. 
 
 (same die). 
 Similar. 
 
 43 
 
 113-6 
 
 M-7b 
 
 beneath, XAPI 
 
 (ex , off coin). 
 
 44 
 
 
 Alp\.-7o 
 
 )> » 
 
 
 45 
 
 115- 
 
 JR-S 
 
 beneath, XA 
 
 [Plate 
 
 II. 19.] 
 
 ■ 46 
 
 109-5 
 
 .R -8 
 
 >> )) 
 
 no letter beneath bull. 
 
NEAPOLIS 
 
 37 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 5G 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 (JO 
 
 113-S 
 
 M -8 
 
 mpl.-85 
 
 112-5 
 113-6 
 112-3 
 
 1U9-8 
 109-2 
 
 112-2 
 
 109-6 
 
 ^pl.-75 
 
 yR pi. -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -ir) 
 
 M -8 
 
 ^•75 
 M -75 
 
 M pi. -8 
 M -75 
 
 ^pl.-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 1111-7 ' .11-85 
 
 Similar head 1.; diadem visible througliout ; 
 locks escajie bei-e and there; row of dots 
 visible at back of head, beneath diadem ; 
 behind, £Y 
 
 Similar head ; locks escape behind ear 
 and cover central part of diadem ; row 
 of dots as above ; behind, helmet with- 
 out crest, facing. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; inscr. in ex. ; beneath 
 bull, AOY 
 
 NEor-AITflN 
 
 NEonoAITON 
 
 N EOnoAITIlN (in ex.) Similar type r. 
 
 ex., almost off coin, 
 [Plate ii. 20.] 
 
 Similar head ; behind, tintinnabulum. 
 
 Similar head. 
 
 behind, pentagi'am. 
 
 behind, toi'ch lighted. 
 
 behind, Nike flying r., holding Avreath ; 
 beneath neck, PX ? 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ex., almost off coin. 
 
 N EO r O A I Tn N Similar ; but beneath 
 bull, IZ 
 
 (ex., almost off coin). 
 
 [Plate ii. 21.] 
 
 behind, ear of com. 
 
 behind, thyrsos with fillet attached. 
 
 diadem dotted throughout ; behind head, 
 crane r. 
 
 double row of dots thi-oughout diadem ; 
 behind, tripod. 
 
 diadem plain, and quite visible tlu'oughout; 
 behind, trident. 
 
 Similar head ; locks escape behind ear 
 and cover central part of diadem ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, trident. 
 
 I^ehind, liarpa. 
 
 NEoroAITflN (in ex.) Similar tj-pe. 
 
 (ex., off coin). 
 
 beneath bull, A 
 
38 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Drach.m 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 61 
 
 51-5 
 
 yR-65 
 
 behind, harpa. 
 
 beneath bull, A 
 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 62 
 
 109-8 
 
 M:9 
 
 behind, vase. 
 
 beneath bull, A 
 
 
 63 
 
 110-5 
 
 jR -86 
 
 behind, oinochoe 1. 
 
 beneath bull, B 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 1.] 
 
 
 64 
 
 108-6 
 
 JR -9 
 
 behind, round shield. | „ ,, 
 
 (The flan of the three preceding coins is unusually large.) 
 
 
 65 
 
 
 iflpl.-75 
 
 behind, diota ; (earring of single drop). 
 
 beneath bull, Bl 
 
 
 66 
 
 108-1 
 
 ^-75 
 
 behind, quiver with belt. 
 
 beneath bull, E 
 
 
 67 
 
 105-1 
 
 M -75 
 
 head smaller than in preceding coins ; 
 behind, trident. 
 
 )> )j 
 
 
 68 
 
 
 M pi. -8 
 
 Similar head ; usual size, but different in 
 style ; behind, astragalos ? ; no border. 
 
 Similar; beneath bull, E 
 inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 
 69 
 
 106-9 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar head ; locks escape and partly 
 cover lower portion of diadem ; beneath, 
 M ; behind, B 
 
 Similar ; same letter, 
 ex., almost off coin. 
 
 
 70 
 
 107-9 
 
 .11 -75 
 
 
 » !> 
 
 
 71 
 
 
 JR pi. -8 
 
 Similar head, smallei- in size ; lower part 
 of diadem quite concealed ; beneath, A , 
 on either side of which, traces of letter. 
 
 Traces of inscr. Similar type 
 ex., almost off coin. 
 
 ; same letter. 
 
 72 
 
 112-2 
 
 yR-75 
 
 Similar head. 
 
 behind, TAP ; beneath, EYE 
 
 NEOPOAITON (in ex.) 
 beneath bull, EPI 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 2.] 
 
 
 73 
 
 114-2 
 
 ^-8 
 
 behind, EYE 
 
 
 
 74 
 
 110-9 
 
 /R-9 
 
 Female head r., with wavy hair, wearing 
 diadem, earring, and necklace ; locks 
 escape behind ear and cover centi-al 
 part of diadem ; at back of head, 
 beneath diadem, row of dots ; around, 
 foui' dolphins ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 NEOPOAirnN (nex.) 
 bull r., showing full face; 
 flying r., ci'owning bull. 
 
 HI. 3.] 
 
 Man-headed 
 above, Nike, 
 
NEAPOLIS 
 
 39 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 7.") 
 
 lU6o 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 
 beneath bull, OE 
 
 7G 
 
 116-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 )j )) 
 
 77 
 
 107-2 
 
 M-8 
 
 
 beneath bull, OYIA 
 
 78 
 
 107-1 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 >> )) 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Before eirea 340 B.C. — After circa 268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; back hair in 
 formal curl. 
 
 On03M (in field 1.) Forepart of man- 
 headed bull swimming r. ; above, dol- 
 phin r. ; border of dots. 
 
 79 
 
 52-5 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Forepart of man-headed bull swimming r. ; 
 on shoulder, star of four rays. 
 
 80 
 
 72- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 [N]EoroAITH[$] 
 
 81 
 
 80-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 [N]EoroAirTH$] 
 
 82 
 
 72-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 [NEo]roAITH$ 
 
 83 
 
 75- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 inscr., off coin. 
 
 84 
 
 37-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar head ; wreath formed of smaller 
 leaves. 
 
 NEYPOAITflN Forepai-t of man- 
 headed bull swimming r. ; behind, A • 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 5.] 
 
 85 
 
 39- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 Similar type, of later style ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 N EoroAITHN Similar type, 
 plain border. 
 
 86 
 
 21- 
 
 JE -55 
 
 Similar type 1. ; behind, X ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 N EOPOAITIIN Similar type ; behind, 
 IS 
 
 87 
 
 22-5 
 
 JE -55 
 
 
 
 88 
 
 27-5 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 bad condition ; no letter visible. 
 
 nothing visible behind. 
 
 89 
 
 35-5 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 NEoPOAITflN Head of Apollo r., 
 lanr. ; hair loose. 
 
 Forepart of man-headed bull, swimming r.; 
 above, dolphin r. ; border of dots. 
 
 90 
 
 14- 
 
 JE -55 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind bull, <|>| 
 
40 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 91 
 
 10-5 
 
 JE -5 
 
 Similar, but tj-pe 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; Ijair loose ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar, but type and symbol 1.; behind 
 bull, E ; no border visible. 
 
 NEoroAITUN (in ex.) Man-headed 
 bull r., showing full face ; border of dots. 
 
 92 
 
 72- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 above bull, fly; beneath, EK 
 
 93 
 
 54- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 ex., almost off coin ; above, Phrygian 
 helmet with cheek-pieces, r. ; beneath 
 bull, A\ ? ; no border visible. 
 
 94 
 
 98- 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 Similar type, of different style ; three rows 
 of laurel in wreath ; behind, /D 
 
 [Platk 
 
 N EVroAITIlN (in ex.) Similar type ; 
 above, star of eight rays in laurel-wreath ; 
 beneath bull, A ; border of dots. 
 
 ni. 6.] 
 
 95 
 
 56-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 [N]EoroAITn[N] (in ex.) Similar 
 type 1. ; above, cornucopiae ; beneath, H 
 
 9G 
 
 94- 
 
 M -7 
 
 N EO r O A 1 Til N Similar type r. ; border 
 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar tyjie r. ; above, star of eight rays ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 97 
 
 90- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 behind, astragalos ; only traces of inscr. 
 Similar type 1. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 98 
 
 69-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 above, bunch of grapes on vine-leaf ; 
 beneath bull, traces of V> ; ex., off coin ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 99 
 
 73-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 inscr., off coin ; behind, A 
 
 above, thunderbolt ; beneath which, E ; 
 ex., off coin ; no border visible. 
 
 100 
 
 74- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 [NE] O roAITON ; border of dots. 
 
 above, kantharos ; beneath bull, E ; ex., 
 off coin ; no border visible. 
 
 101 
 
 G7- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 NEOrOAITflN (reading outwards) 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; above, kantharos and 
 letters (A ? and £1) ; in ex., traces of 
 letters. 
 
 102 
 
 G7- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type r. ; around, dolphins ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 four dolphins visible. 
 
 [NE]oroAITnN (in ex.) Similar 
 type r. ; above, trident r, ; border of 
 dots. 
 
NEAPOLIS 
 
 41 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 106 
 107 
 108 
 109 
 
 110 
 111 
 112 
 113 
 
 114 
 
 115 
 
 IIG 
 117 
 
 118 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 77- 
 93- 
 
 55- 
 78- 
 100-5 
 84- 
 85-5 
 
 67- 
 63- 
 71- 
 79-5 
 
 92- 
 
 32-5 
 
 41-5 
 36- 
 
 98- 
 97- 
 
 114- 
 
 121 
 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 M -75 
 JE -8 
 M -8 
 JE -8 
 M -8 
 
 JE -8 
 
 JE -8 
 
 JE -75 
 
 JE -85 
 
 M -75 
 
 JE -5 
 
 JE -65 
 JE -55 
 
 .E -8 
 JE -8 
 
 JE -85 
 
 78-5 JE -8 
 
 NEOroAITHN Head of Apollo 1., 
 laur. ; liaii- loose ; border of dots. 
 
 bebind, B 
 
 A 
 
 N 
 
 O 
 
 Man-headed bull r., showing full face ; 
 above, Nike flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 beneath bull, IZ 
 
 P 
 
 O (border not visible.) 
 
 P 
 
 T 
 
 H 
 
 (nothing visible behind.) 
 
 Ill ex.. 
 
 [Plate hi. 7.] 
 
 in ex., IS 
 
 t^ 
 
 beneath bull, AZ 
 
 [Plate hi. 8.] 
 
 e.x., off coin. 
 
 Similar type r. ; behind, A ; in front, H ? ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 behind, AS 
 
 behind, helmet with spike and cheek- 
 pieces (or star ?). 
 
 behind, traces of letters. 
 
 Similar type r. ; behind, XAI ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 NEonoAITHN (in ex.) Similar type 
 
 NEOnoAITflN (in ex.) Similar type; 
 plain border. 
 
 (ex., off coin.) 
 
 NEOPOAITHN (in ex.) Omphalos 
 and lyre. 
 
 beneath inscr., caduceus 1. ; border plain. 
 
 beneath inscr., trident? 1.; border of dots. 
 
 above omphalos, crescent between two 
 stars ; beneath inscr., uncertain object 
 formed of dots ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar ; but above omphalos, serpent 1. ; 
 beneath inscr., club r. ; border of dots. 
 
42 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 122 
 
 123 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 129 
 
 130 
 
 131 
 132 
 133 
 134 
 
 135 
 
 136 
 137 
 
 Weight 
 
 92- 
 
 53- 
 102- 
 
 92-5 
 109-5 
 
 44- 
 
 53-5 
 52-5 
 
 44- 
 
 37-5 
 45- 
 47-5 
 54- 
 
 49- 
 
 27-5 
 30-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 JE -85 
 
 M -75 
 M -8 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 
 iE -6 
 
 M -65 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 JE -6 
 JE -65 
 
 JE -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 JE -6 
 M -6 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 Similar type 1., lam*. ; within laurel- wreath, 
 behind, Ifl 
 
 Inscr. in ex. Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 NEonoAITjQN in field 1., caduceus 
 with filleted handle. 
 
 I n 
 
 m 
 
 n 
 
 T 
 
 [Plate hi. 9.] 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 N En n O A I TUN no symbol. 
 
 „ beneath inscr., EH I 
 
 „ above omphalos, bu- 
 
 cranium ; in field 1., EH I downwards. 
 
 [Plate hi. 10.] 
 
 Young male head r., with short hair ; 
 behind, star ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 NEOroAITn[N] (in ex.) Figure on 
 prancing horse 1. ; r. hand raised ; be- 
 tween horse's forelegs, A5 ; plain border. 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but chlamys visible behind figui-e. 
 
 (N EoroAITOM) ; beneath horse, EH I ; 
 beneath inscr., palrti-branch r. 
 
 beneath horse, AY ; beneath inscr., vine- 
 branch with leaves and grapes ? 
 
 [Plate hi. 11.] 
 
 beneath horse, AY (pilos visible on head ; 
 lower part of ex., off coin). 
 
 beneath horse, | E ; no symbol visible in ex. 
 
 beneath inscr., palm- 
 branch r. 
 
 N EO n O A [ I TH N ] curved beneath type. 
 Horseman, as above, with chlamys and 
 sword ; beneath horse, A H J no exer- 
 gual line ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing necklace ; 
 behind, top of quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 NEOro AITflN (beginning on r.) 
 Cornucopiae r., bound with fillet; plain 
 border. 
 
 NEfl in inscr.? 
 
NEAPOLIS 
 
 43 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of Ai'temis r., wearing necklace, 
 and showing di'apery about shoulders ; 
 behind, bow and quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 NEorO AITIIN (beginning on 1.) 
 Cornucopiae. 
 
 138 
 
 32- 
 
 m -6 
 
 in front, AH 
 
 bound with fillet ; border of dots. 
 
 139 
 
 34- 
 
 M '55 
 
 behind, A ; in front, traces of H (border 
 not visible). 
 
 no fillet ; in field 1., PO downwards ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 140 
 
 34- 
 
 M -55 
 
 no letters. 
 
 fillet ; in field 1., AY ; boi-der plain. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 118 (255).] 
 
 141 
 
 32- 
 
 M -55 
 
 n 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair short ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 fillet; in field 1., fi(/\; border of dots. 
 
 NEOPO AITHN Tripod; border of 
 dots. 
 
 142 
 
 42' 
 
 M -6 
 
 behind, star. 
 
 between legs, B 1 
 
 143 
 
 53- 
 
 M -6 
 
 place of symbol, and border, off coin. 
 
 )) 5) 
 
 144 
 
 42- 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, M 
 
 N Y 
 
 145 
 
 48' 
 
 M -GS 
 
 place of symbol or letter, off coin. 
 
 no letters. 
 
 14G 
 
 27-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 place of symbol or letter, and border, off 
 coin. 
 
 „ border not visible. 
 
 147 
 
 20-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 Similar ; but type r. 
 behind, PO 
 
 Similar ; but uiscr. reads downwards in- 
 stead of ujDwai'ds. 
 
 148 
 
 37-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar; but type 1. 
 behind, cornucopiae. 
 
 Similar ; but inscr. reads upwards ; plain 
 border. 
 
 149 
 
 29-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 symbol doubtful, but probably cornucopiae. 
 
 inscr. almost illegible. 
 
 150 
 
 48' 
 
 M -6 
 
 lighted torch. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 Probably struck at Neapolis 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; back haii' in 
 formal curl. 
 
 PflMAinN Forepart of man-headed 
 bull, swimming r. 
 
 151 
 
 48-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 on shoulder, no star visible. 
 
 o2 
 
44 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 NOLA 
 
 
 
 
 For types and style compare the coins of Hyria ami of NeapoUs. The earliest of the 
 following series are Nos, 6 and 7. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340—268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standai-d 
 Didrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Female Lead r., wearing diadera orna- 
 mented vi'itli maeander pattern, earring, 
 and necklace. 
 
 [N]nAAIO$ (in ex.) Man-headed bull 
 1. ; above, Nike flying 1., crowning bull ; 
 line of ex., double. 
 
 1 
 
 1111 
 
 M -7 
 
 upper part of diadem not visible. 
 
 head of bull, off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 13.] 
 
 2 
 
 110-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar head, of somevphat different style; 
 diadem tied with bow in front. 
 
 NUAAIOS Similar type; bull shows 
 full face ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 3 
 
 113-2 
 
 M, -8 
 
 Similar head 1. 
 
 NnAAin[N] (in ex.) Similar tyiDe r. ; 
 line of ex., double. 
 
 • 
 
 4 
 
 111-6 
 
 M. -8 
 
 Similar head r., of later style. 
 
 NXlAAIflN (in ex.) Similar; but line 
 of ex., single. 
 
 5 
 
 110- 
 
 yR -7 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing helmet, on 
 which olive-wreath with owl. 
 
 NflAAinN (above) Man-headed bull 
 r., face in profile ; beneath, /^ 
 
 6 
 
 107-2 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate hi. 14.] 
 
 7 
 
 107-3 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 
 
NOLA— PHISTELIA 
 
 45 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 111-5 
 109-6 
 
 47-5 
 39- 
 
 113-2 
 
 .•R pi. -8 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 M -6 
 
 M -8 
 
 NUCERIA ALFATBRNA* 
 
 Nuccria was captnycd hi/ the liomans in the course of the Samnife War. 
 
 After circa 308 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Didraclims 
 
 Young male head 1., Avith ram's horn and 
 long hair ; border of dots. 
 
 Dioskouros 1. with sceptre, holding bi-idle 
 of lior.se 1. 
 
 wvnoBT noviRmvma>i3VM 
 
 [Plate hi. 15.] 
 
 mvMa3TPi8Pi>jnmvm<i>i3VM i 
 
 WIVM . 3T 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Young male head 1., bound with wreath ; 
 hair long ; border of dots. 
 
 Hound r., on the scent. 
 
 inscr. divided. 
 
 PHISTELTA 
 
 This toion is Imovni only from its coins. liecent finds point to its having been iit 
 Sanmiuiii, rather than in Campania. 
 
 Circa 420—400 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Di drachm 
 
 Female head, three-quarter face towards 
 r., wearing diadem and necklace ; hair 
 floating. 
 
 [ 8] I ^ T U V ^ Man-headed bull 1. 
 in ex., traces of symbol. 
 
 * The letters on the following coins arc so small and indistinct that it is impossible to be certain. 
 iu every case, of the exact form in which they appear, 
 
46 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 14 
 
 10- 
 
 9-4 
 
 7-5 
 
 8-8 
 
 8-3 
 
 6-5 
 
 9-7 
 
 7-9 
 
 7-5 
 
 10-2 
 
 8-7 
 
 M -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 M -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 M -45 
 
 zll -5 
 
 M -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 JR -4 
 
 JR -45 
 
 JR -45 
 yR -4 
 
 Obols 
 
 Similar head, towards 1. 
 
 Lion advancing towards 1.; in ex., serpent; 
 line of ex., dotted. 
 
 [Plate hi. 16.] 
 
 (No. 5 is of barbarous workmansliip. ) 
 
 I above lion, star of eight rays. 
 [Plate hi. 17.] 
 
 Young head, without neck, three-quarter 
 face towards r. ; haii" short. 
 
 ^ I V vl T^ I 8 Barleycorn ; above, mussel- 
 shell, hinge r. ; beneath, dolphin 1., 
 inverted. 
 
 L itr ae 
 
 <|)|$TE AIA Young head, with neck, 
 three-quarter face towards r. ; hair 
 short. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate hi. 18.] 
 
 (Mucli woru.) 
 
PHISTELIA— SUESSA AURUNCA 
 
 47 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 SUESSA AURUNCA 
 
 
 
 
 Snessa Aurunca was made a 'colonia' in 313 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 313—268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 1 
 
 105-7 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 behind, owl 1. 
 
 ^VE^ANO (in ex.) A horseman 1., 
 wearing pilos, holding with 1. hand 
 filleted palm over shoulder, and leading 
 a spare horse, which is slightly in 
 advance. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iii. 19.] 
 
 2 
 
 108- 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, crescent. | 
 
 Bronze 
 
 3 
 
 103- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type 1. ; behind, Q ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 SVESAN[0] (in ex.) Man -headed bull 
 r., showing full face ; above, Nike flying 
 r., crowning bull. 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 See under Aquinum. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 SVESANO (in field r., upwards) Cock 
 r. ; behind, star of eight i-ays ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 4 
 
 117-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 94-5 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (The fabric of No. 5 is flatter, and the flan more spread.) 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hermes 1., m winged petasos 
 fastened at chin ; drapery about neck ; 
 in front, letters ; border of dots. 
 
 SVESANO (in field 1., upwards) 
 Herakles, facing, struggling r. with 
 Nemean lion ; between legs, club. 
 
 6 
 
 115-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 _ - BOVA\ 
 
 
 7 
 
 94- 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 TROBV/n 
 
 [Plate 
 
 III. 20.] 
 
48 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 106-5 
 104-9 
 
 72-5 
 86-5 
 
 79- 
 
 85- 
 95-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Eevebse 
 
 JR -85 
 /R -9 
 
 ^ -75 
 M -8 
 
 JE -8 
 
 M -85 
 M -75 
 
 TEANUM SIDICimJM 
 
 The Sidicini probahly snhmifted to Rome hcfore the end of the Second Samniie War, 
 and their coinage may have begun then. 
 
 Circa 300—268 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Di dra c hms 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., in lion's skin 
 behind, cornucopiae. 
 
 SJ V M R KT (in ex.) Nike in triga r., hold- 
 ing goad and reins ; horses cantering. 
 
 h in inscr., which is partly off coin. 
 [Plate hi. 21.] 
 
 Bronze 
 
 gVURKT Head of Apollo 1., laiir. ; at 
 back of head, beneath wreatli, row of 
 dots. 
 
 behind, O 
 
 behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair tied behind, 
 in front, traces of letters. 
 
 Man-headed bull r., showing full face ; 
 above, Nike r., crowning him. 
 
 beneath bull, pentagram. 
 
 ^IRIKIM[VR] (in ex.) Man-headed 
 bull r., showing full face ; above, lyre. 
 
 Circa 268 B.C. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Sec under Aqitinum. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 Tl A NO (in field r., upwards) Cock r. ; 
 behind, star of eight rays ; border of 
 dots. 
 
TEANUM SIDICINUM— UNCERTAIN" 
 
 49 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revbrse 
 
 
 
 
 UNCERTAIN OF CAMPANIA 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 Compare the early bronze coins of NeajwUs {Nos. 80 — 83). 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 8G- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair in fornaal 
 cui-1. 
 
 ' NO_LdOV (on raised band)* Forepart 
 of man- headed bull swimming r. ; on 
 shoulder, star of four rays ; plain 
 border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iv. 1.] 
 
 2 
 
 80-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 340 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 It is possible that the following 'were not struck within the limits of Campania, but 
 
 they arc certainly imitations of well-known Campanian types. They are much ruder 
 
 in style than the pieces on which they are modelled. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair in formal 
 carl. 
 
 Man-headed bull 1., with forefeet well 
 advanced. 
 
 3 
 
 50- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 
 IDNOI 
 
 4 
 
 39- 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 IDN®H 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iv. 2.] 
 
 
 
 
 CAMPANIAN (ROMANO or ROAAAj 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 The following gold coins are believed to have been issued in South Italy by the Boman 
 
 generals opposing Hannibal. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 216—211 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Sixty Sestertii 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Ares, helmeted, r. ; ROMA Eagle, with outstretched wings, 
 beneath, ^\ ; border of dots. standing r,, upon thunderbolt. 
 
 1 
 
 51-8 
 
 vni. I 
 
 AT -6 
 
 [Plate iv. 3.] 
 
 * This legend must be considered doubtful, although the one or two numismatists who 
 have seen the original, agree with me as to the probable reading. 
 
 H4- 
 
50 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revebse 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Twenty Sestertii 
 
 2 
 
 17-2 
 
 N -35 
 
 Similar type ; beneath, XX ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type, 
 inscr., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver and Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 338 — 268 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The following coins {here arranged according to the Obrerse type) are generally attributed 
 
 to Capua, and doubtless 7)iany of them were struck there. Head (Hist. Num., p. 28), 
 
 following Mommsen, assigns the chan<ie in the form of the inscription from 
 
 ROMANO to ROMA to circa 318 B.C.* 
 
 3 
 
 98-4 
 
 /R -8 
 
 base) 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 5loA\ANo 
 
 Horse prancing r. ; above, star of sixteen 
 rays. 
 
 4 
 
 113-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 ROMANO 
 
 
 6 
 
 134-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Youthful head r., wearing diadem and 
 necklace ; border of dots. 
 
 ROMANO (in ex.) Lion r., holding 
 in its mouth short sword, which it 
 grasps with 1. fore-paw raised. 
 
 6 
 
 153- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 148-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 type 1. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 IV. 4.] 
 
 8 
 
 113- 
 
 M -85 
 
 type r. type 1. ; swoi-d grasped with r. fore-paw. 
 
 9 
 
 102-2 
 
 JR -75 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; lx)rder of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 ROMA (above horse) Horse prancing 
 1. ; plain border. 
 
 IV. 5.] 
 
 10 
 
 49-5 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; horse bridled ; insci-. beneath 
 horse. 
 
 11 
 
 39-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 * This change does not, however, appear 
 weight. See Nos 28—33 At first tlie didrachi 
 Standard. Subsequently they were reduced 
 (105-36 grains). 
 
 ;o be in any way connected with the fall in 
 ms were on the ordinary Campanian (Phocaean) 
 so as to be equivalent to six Roman scruples 
 
 1 
 
ROMANO-CAMPANI AN- 
 
 SI 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 16 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 21 
 22 
 23 
 24 
 25 
 
 26 
 27 
 
 12 , 115-4 
 
 13 110-5 
 
 101-2 
 101- 
 
 100-5 
 50- 
 
 46- 
 
 85- 
 
 84- 
 
 85-5 
 
 71- 
 
 75- 
 
 87-5 
 
 87- 
 
 122- 
 105- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 ^l -85 
 Al -85 
 
 yR -75 
 
 JR -85 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 .^ -75 
 M -85 
 
 Head of bearded Ares 1., -wearing crested 
 helmet ; behind, two oak-leaves and an 
 acorn. 
 
 Head of young Ares r., in crested helmet ; 
 ■wears whiskers ; on helmet, griffin r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ROMANO (on raised band) Horse's 
 head r., bridled ; behind, ear of corn 
 and two blades on stalk. 
 
 inscr. obliterated. 
 
 ROAAA Horse's head with bridle r. 
 behind, reaping-hook ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate iv. 6.] 
 
 ROMA 
 
 Similar type ; behind, club ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type ; same symbol ; same border. 
 
 Head of yoiing Ares r., -wearing crested 
 helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of young Ares (or Pallas ?) r., 
 wearing crested Coinnthian helmet ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Ro MANO 
 
 . . . ANO 
 
 type 1. 
 
 type 1., and smaller. 
 
 ROM/X (beneath) Horse prancing r. ; 
 in field above, club r. ; plain border. 
 
 Similar ; horse bridled ; same border. 
 
 ROMA Horse's head, with bridle, r. 
 behind, reaping-hook. 
 
 Head of horse 1., with bridle. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 [Plate iv. 7.] 
 
 . . MA NO 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., in lion's skin 
 beneath neck, club 1.; border of dots. 
 
 ROMAMO typer. 
 
 ROMAAO typer. 
 
 ROAANAO typer. 
 
 ROMAAC typer. 
 
 R C A\ A [ type r., resting on raised 
 
 base. 
 
 ROMA Pegasos flying r. ; above, club 
 r. ; plain border. 
 
 H 2 
 
52 
 
 CAMPANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 28 
 29 
 30 
 31 
 32 
 33 
 
 97 3 
 102-6 
 
 98- 
 102-3 
 
 97-5 
 100-2 
 
 M -75 
 M -8 
 M -8 
 M -75 
 JR -75 
 M -8 
 
 34 
 
 31-5 
 
 M -45 
 
 35 
 
 101- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Roma in Phrygian telmet r. ; 
 behind, symbol ; border of dots. 
 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 sceptre ? 
 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 anchor. 
 
 dog 1., r. fore-pa-w raised. 
 
 ROAAANO Figure of Nike r., attach- 
 ing a wreath to a palm-branch ; in 
 field r., beneath wreath, letters ; plain 
 border. 
 
 BB 
 
 AA 
 MA\ 
 
 YY 
 
 Similar type ; same border. 
 
 letters uncertain (r[r'] ?) 
 [Plate iv. 8.] 
 
 ROM A (in ex.) Dog r., with 1. fore- paw 
 raised. 
 
 [Plate iv. 9.] 
 
 Female head, turreted, wearing necklace 
 and earring, r. ; drapery about neck ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ROM/X Naked youth on horseback, 
 
 galloping r., with whip in r. hand ; 
 plain border. 
 
ARPI 
 
 53 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Apulia 
 
 
 
 
 ARPI 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 Tliird Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 27(6 marjish-aie irhoxe name appears on Nos. 1 — 4 is prolahhj Aliinins Daxus, 
 
 
 
 
 mentioned by Liinj (xxiv. 45) <(s chief vKujistrate of Arpi in 213 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Campaniaii (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 
 
 
 APnANDLN Head of Persephone 1., 
 weai-ing wreath of com, earring, and 
 
 Horse pi-ancing 1. ; above, star of eight 
 rays ; beneath, AAI OY 
 
 
 
 
 necklace ; behind, ear of barley with 
 
 
 
 
 
 two leaves ; border of dots 
 
 
 1 
 
 107-6 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iv. lU.] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 AAIOY Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; border 
 
 APriANilN (in ex.) Kalydonian boar 
 
 
 
 
 of dots. 
 
 running r. ; above, spear-head r. 
 
 2 
 
 112-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, thundei-bolt. 
 
 
 8 
 
 125-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 „ „ (insci-., off coin.) 
 
 
 4: 
 
 121- 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, uncertain symbol (only ti'aces of 
 inscr.) 
 
 Bull butting r. 
 
 [A]pnA 
 
 APPA Horse prancing r, 
 NOY 
 
 5 
 
 100- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 ( n in inscr.) 
 
 6 
 
 104- 
 
 M -9 
 
 (No. 6 is rud< 
 
 ;Iy executed.) 
 
 7 
 
 136- 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 1 beneath inscr., E 
 [Plate iv. 11.] 
 
 8 
 
 93- 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 beneatli, RYAAO 
 
 no letter. 
 
 9 
 
 59' 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 >) '> 
 
 i> 
 
5i 
 
 APULIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 AZETIUM 
 
 
 
 
 ■ Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Third Century 'B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 115- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Coriii- 
 tliian lielinet, earring, and necklace ; 
 border doubtful. 
 
 AIETINjQN Owl r., standing on top 
 of Ionic column ; in front of owl, olive- 
 branch ; plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 95- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 BARIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Sextantal System. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 220 B.C. 
 Sextans 
 
 1 
 
 75-4 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, | ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 BAPINOJN Prow r., upon which Eros 
 leaning forward and bending bow to 
 shoot ; beneath, dolphin r. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 
 
 
 CAELIA 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 268—200 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Sextautes 
 
 1 
 
 113- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; above, • • ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 KAIAINflN Trophy, consisting of 
 crested helmet r., round shield, lance, 
 sword, cuii'ass ; on either side, star ; 
 plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 82- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 (inscr. illegible.) 
 
 3 
 
 7y 
 
 M -85 
 
 on helmet, serpent. 
 
 helmet placed 1. ; in field 1., thunderbolt ; 
 stars lower down. 
 
 4 
 
 65-7 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 )i >> 
 
 as preceding. 
 
AZETIUM — GRUMUM 
 
 55 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, * ; border 
 
 K A 1 A 1 Pallas running 1., wearing crested 
 
 
 
 
 of dots. 
 
 NCON helmet, holding small shield and 
 
 5 
 
 86-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 spear ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denomination 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 
 KAIAI (in e.x.) Dio.skouroi on hor.seback, 
 
 
 
 
 thian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 prancing r., with spears couched ; plain 
 border. 
 
 6 
 
 32 5 
 
 jE -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CANUSIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Caniiiiiuiu .•iuhiiiittcd to Rome in the course of the Second Sdinnite War. 
 
 
 
 
 area 300 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Obol 
 
 
 
 
 Amphora between cornucopiae and oino- 
 choe 1. 
 
 KA Lyre of three stiings, on 1. side 
 of which a fillet ? 
 
 1 
 
 5-5 
 
 M -4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 Male head 1., l>are. 
 
 KANYZINn[N] Horseman galloping 
 r., wearing crested helmet, and holding 
 
 2 
 
 118- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 spear couched. 
 
 
 
 
 GRUMUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bkmnze 
 
 
 
 
 Circn 300 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Female head r., wearing necklace; hair in 
 
 rPY Horse prancing r. 
 
 
 
 
 knot. 
 
 
 1 
 
 37- 
 
 M -55 
 
 [Plate 
 
 IV. 12.] 
 
56 
 
 APULIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 LUCERIA* 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Sextantal System 
 
 
 
 
 Before 217 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Q,uin cunx 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet; above, ••••• ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 L O V C E R 1 Wheel of eight spokes ; 
 inner line of tyre dotted. 
 
 I 
 
 219- 
 
 M 105 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T r i ens 
 
 2 
 
 175-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., in lion's skin ; 
 
 behind, J ; border of dots. 
 
 • 
 • 
 
 LOVCER 1 Quiver r., club r., and strung 
 bow ; inscr. between club and bow ; 
 plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 Romano-Lucerian Series 
 
 
 
 
 Third Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Dextan s 
 
 3 
 
 350- 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; plain border. 
 
 ROM/X Nike driving galloping quadriga 
 r. ; 'above, U; in ex., C«*«*; plain 
 border. 
 
 
 
 
 Se xt ans 
 
 4 
 
 Ul- 
 
 jE -9 
 
 Head of Hermes in winged petasos r. ; 
 drapery about neck ; above, • • ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 ROMA Prow r. ; beneath, •U* 
 
 
 
 
 XTncia 
 
 5 
 
 98- 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 Head of young Ares r., in close-fitting 
 crested helmet ; behind, • ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 * See al 
 
 Similar ; but U • 
 so p. 14. 
 
LUCERIA— RUBI 
 
 57 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 MATEOLA 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Sextantal System 
 
 Circa 250—217 B.C. 
 
 Sextans 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 tliian helmet, necklace, and earring ; 
 above, • • 
 
 Lion seated r., showing full face; holds 
 bi'oken spear in mouth and with 1. 
 fore-paw ; in front, 7V\ ) plain lx)rder. 
 
 1 
 
 94'3 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 monogram only partially visible. 
 
 
 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 141 (1).] 
 
 
 
 
 NEAPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 This town is hioirn only from Us coins. 
 
 
 
 
 BiJONZE 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of IVIaenad r. , wearing wreath of ivy ; 
 behind, filleted thyrsos ; in front, N 1 
 
 NEAR Bunch of grapes with vine- leaves 
 on either side. 
 
 1 
 
 50- 
 
 M -7 
 
 [Plate 
 
 IV. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 RUBI 
 
 
 
 
 BUONZE 
 
 
 
 
 Third Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 rf>'. LEOE Head of Zeus r., laur. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 PY Female figure 1., holding patera and 
 cornucopiae ; plain border. 
 
 1 
 
 24-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
58 
 
 APULIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 108- 
 
 124- 
 126-5 
 
 41-5 
 
 306- 
 
 270- 
 
 226- 
 
 164- 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -7 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ^105 
 
 M 1- 
 
 SALAPIA* 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 250—200 B.C. 
 
 With llic iiKKjisiratc's name compare Arpi, Nos. 8 and 9. 
 
 ZAAAniNnN Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; 
 behiud, thunderbolt ; border of dots. 
 
 ^AAAniNUN Head of Apollo r., 
 wreathed ; at shoulder, quiver. 
 
 Z in inscr. 
 
 ZAAAniNXlN Young male head r. 
 * (Pan V) ; behiud, pedum ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 riYAAOY (in ex.) Kalydonian boar 
 running r. ; above, trident r. 
 
 Horse prancing r. ; above, trident r. 
 beneath, RYAAOY 
 
 Eagle on column r. ; above, star of eight 
 rays; in field r., PYAAOY 
 
 TEATE 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Uncial System 
 
 After circa 217 B.C. 
 
 Uuincunces 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, and 
 crested Corinthian helmet ornamented 
 with griffin ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type, but helmet plain ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 part above helmet off coin. 
 
 TIATI Owl r. on bar; beneath, •••••; 
 in field r., thunderbolt upwards; plain 
 border. 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 TIATI Owl r. on Corinthian capital ; in 
 front, J ; plain border. 
 
 above marks of value, crescent with horns 
 upward ; inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 [Plate iv. 14.] 
 above helmet, traces of value-marks. | above marks of value, doubtful symbol. 
 
 * See also Uncertain of Italy, No.";. 6 and 7. 
 
SALAPIA— VENUSIA 
 
 59 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 11 
 
 175- 
 
 233- 
 
 165- 
 
 197- 
 
 123- 
 115- 
 
 90- 
 
 279' 
 
 155- 
 
 M -9 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -9 
 
 JE -9 
 
 m -75 
 
 JE -75 
 M -85 
 
 M 1- 
 
 .E '9 
 
 Similar type ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 T I AT I Owl on palm-branch r. ; beneath, 
 • • • • • ; plain boi'der. 
 
 Trie ntes 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles in lion's skin r. 
 
 XI AX I Lion r. ; above, club r. ; in 
 ex., •••• 
 
 beneath lion, star. 
 
 in field r., crescent -with horus upwards ; 
 plain border. 
 
 [Plate iv. 15.] 
 
 Quadr an s 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, with eariing and necklace; 
 border of dots. 
 
 X I AX I Owl r. on bar ; beneath , • • • 
 plain boi'der. 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 XIAXI Similar type; in ex., •• 
 plain border. 
 
 in front, wreath. 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 (No. 11 is a restruck coin.) 
 
 VENUSIA 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Triental System 
 
 After circa 250 B.C. 
 
 Quadrans 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; beneath, \£ ; 
 behind, • 
 
 Thi'ee crescents, back to l^ack ; within 
 each, star of twelve rays. 
 
 Sextans 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; above, • • 
 
 N£ between two dolphins downwards, 
 back to back ; plain border. 
 
 I 2 
 
60 
 
 APULIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Keveese 
 
 
 
 
 Sextantal System 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 250—217 b.c, and later 
 
 
 
 
 Nummus 
 
 3 
 
 539- 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing wreath 
 of ivy. 
 
 place of monogram, off coin. 
 
 Dionysos, wearing short chiton and endro- 
 mides, seated 1. on rock, holding bunch 
 of grapes and filleted thyrsos ; r. foot 
 on stone ; behind, N * 1 ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 Guinc unx 
 
 4 
 
 211- 
 
 M 11 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; beliiud, , ; 
 border of dots. • 
 
 Eagle 1., with wings open, on thunderbolt; 
 in front, ^ ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 Quad r ans 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hera 1., wearing stephane, veil, 
 and earring ; in front, \£ ; behind, • ; 
 border of dots. Z 
 
 Three crescents, back to back; within 
 each, star of twelve rays ; in centime, 
 single dot ; plain border. 
 
 5 
 
 117- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iv. 16.] 
 
 
 
 
 Sextans 
 
 6 
 
 76- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; above, • • ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Owl 1. on palm-branch, showing full face ; 
 behind, ^ 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 *■ 
 
 i 
 
CALABRIA 
 
 61 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Calabria 
 
 
 
 
 BRUNDUSIUM 
 
 Brundusium was made a ' colonia ' hij the liomans In 245 B.C. 
 
 Broszb 
 
 Triental System. {Circa 245—217 B.C.) 
 
 Sextant e s 
 
 
 
 
 Head o£ Poseidon (without neck) r., laur. ; 
 behind, trident ; beneath, • • 
 
 BR VN Figure seated on dolphin 1., 
 holding kantharos in r. and lyre in 1. ; 
 beneath, •• 
 
 1 
 
 261-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Similar ; but above trident, wreath-bearing 
 Nike r. ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar; but in r., wi^ath-bearing Nike r. ; 
 plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 251- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 XTnc ia 
 
 
 
 
 Similar, with Nike; but beneath, • ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar, with Nike; but in 1., coniucopiae 
 instead of lyre ; in field r. . club npwai-ds ; 
 beneath, • ; plain border. 
 
 3 
 
 128-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Uncial and Semuncial Systems. {Circa 217—89 B.C.) 
 
 
 
 
 Semisses 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., lanr. ; behind, trident 
 and wreath -bearing Nike i'.; beneath, o^ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Figure seated on dolphin 1., holding 
 ■wi-eath -bearing Nike r. and lyre ; in field 
 r., 5 ; plain border. 
 
 ■i 
 
 198-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 without neck. 
 
 BR VN 
 
 5 
 
 122- 
 
 iE -9 
 
 witli neck. 
 
 ?? 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate iv. 17.] 
 
 6 
 
 119-5 
 
 yE -8 
 
 )) 
 
 BRVN 
 
 7 
 
 144-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 n 
 
 BRVN ; i" ^^^^ '■' 3 
 
 8 
 
 103- 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 5) 
 
 )) 1} J 
 
 9 
 
 11(3-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 :? 
 
 „ „ star of eight rays. 
 
62 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 10 
 11 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 71- 
 
 58-5 
 
 102- 
 
 51-5 
 
 61-5 
 
 121- 
 
 52- 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M -7 
 M -7 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -35 
 
 Tr lent e s 
 
 Similar type ; same symbols ; beneath, 
 • • • • ; border of dots. 
 
 without neck. 
 
 with neck. 
 
 BR VN Similar type, with Nike and 
 lyre ; beneath, • • • • ; plain border. 
 
 in field 1., crescent. 
 
 no symbol in field. 
 
 Guadrantes 
 
 Similar type ; same symbols ; beneath, • • • ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 without neck. 
 
 BR VN Similar tyj^e ; beneath, ••• 
 plain border. 
 
 Similar ; but beneath, 
 without neck. 
 
 Sextans 
 
 Similar; but beneath, •• 
 
 With Magistrate's Name. 
 Semis 
 
 Similar head (with neck); in front, A\ • Q E ; 
 no border visible. 
 
 no symbols visible behind ; Q uncertain. 
 
 BR VN Figm-e seated on dolphin 1., 
 holding wreath -bearing Nike and lyre; 
 in field r., § ; border of dots. 
 
 GRAXA 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Semuncial System. {Circa 200—89 B.C.) 
 Quad r ans 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots, 
 traces of value-marks. 
 
 PR A (in ex.) Two eagles r. on thunder- 
 bolt ; in front, crescent ? 
 
 [Plate iv. 18.] 
 
 1 
 
BRUNDUSIUM— HYRIA 
 
 63 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 185-5 
 
 157-5 
 
 8-i- 
 83-5 
 
 br 
 
 25 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -8 
 JE -75 
 
 ^ -66 
 
 JE 
 
 HYRIA OR ORRA 
 
 Bronze 
 Uncial System. {Circa 217—200 B.C.) 
 
 Semis 
 
 Head of young Herakl'es r., wearing lion's I OPPA Winged thunderbolt; beneath, 
 skin ; beneath head, ^ ; border of dots. POP ; plain border. 
 
 Guin cunx 
 
 Young head (Pallas?) r., wearing triple- 
 crested helmet ^\ith feather ; beneath, 
 A A ; border of dots. 
 
 ORRA Eagle on thunderliolt r., with 
 wings extended ; beneath, ••••• 
 
 Semuncial System. {('irca 200 — 89 B.C.) 
 
 Quincunees 
 
 Bust of Aphrodite r., with wreath, ste- 
 phane, earring, and necklace ; drapery 
 about neck ; over 1. shoulder, sceptre ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ORRA Eros advancing r., playing on 
 lyre ; he is naked, but wears ring i-ound 
 
 r. ankle ; behind, 
 
 [Plate iv. 19.] 
 I 
 
 ; plain border. 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 Head of young warrior r., wearing conical 
 helmet with crest ; behind, A A 
 
 ORRA Eagle r. on thunderbolt; win^ 
 closed. 
 
 Similar ; letters lower down. 
 
 [Plate iv. 20.] 
 
 OP Sijnilar ; but eagle looks back. 
 
64 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 41-5 
 
 JE -6 
 
 STURNIUM 
 
 Bronze 
 Second Century B.C. 
 
 Cockle-sliell. 
 
 STY Eagle r., witTi open wings, on 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 TARENTUM* 
 
 A. Early Coinage. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Tarentum was a Lacedaemonian colony, founded circa 700 B.C. Its earliest coinage 
 (circa 550 B.C.), not represented in the Hunter Cabinet, consisted of staters of the 
 same wei(jht and fabric as those issued by the Monetary Confederation of Achaean 
 cities, for trhich see under Mbtapontum. The peculiar fabric was abandoned before 
 very long, but the Achaean weight of the stater (126 grains) continued to be 
 
 maintained until circa 281 B.C. 
 
 Circa 520 B.C. 
 Didrachms 
 
 122-8 
 
 M -7 
 
 120-7 
 
 yR -7 
 
 131 
 
 M -35 
 
 ^AT Taras seated on dolphin r. ; r. 
 hand rests on dolphin's back ; 1. arm 
 extended in front ; beneath, cockle- 
 shell ; raised border ornamented with 
 dots. 
 
 Wheel of four spokes. 
 
 [Plate iv. 21.] 
 
 XA R Similar type 1. ; same symbol ; 
 raised l^order. 
 
 no dots visible, but coin much woi'n. 
 
 Cockle-shell ; l)order of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Diob ol 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 * The following arrangement of the coins of Tarentum is based on the classification given 
 by Dr. A. J. Evans in his Horsemen nj Tarentum (Nnm. Chrnn., 3rd Scries, vol. ix.). The 
 description of the individual specimens owes much to the same masterly monograph. 
 
STURNIUM— TARENTUM 
 
 6.5 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 119-2 
 
 119-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 120-8 
 
 123-9 
 122-1 
 
 119-1 
 
 ^R -75 
 
 M 
 
 M -95 
 
 /R -9.5 
 
 yR -95 
 
 Circa 500 b.c. 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 ^A^AT Taras on dolphin r., haii" long 
 and gathei-ed into a queue ; behind him 
 in r. he holds a cuttlefish ; 1. arm 
 extended in front ; cable border. 
 
 ^A^AT Sea-horse with curled wing 
 1. ; beneath, cockle-shell ; incuse border 
 of radiating lines. 
 
 [Plate v. 1.] 
 
 Similar type ; border doubtful, 
 ti'aces of inscr. 
 
 ^A^AT Taras on dolphin r., with both 
 arms extended ; beneath, cockle-shell ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 inscr. almost illegible. 
 
 TA>A^ Same type r. 
 and border. 
 
 same symbol 
 
 Similar type 1. ; no symbol visible ; border 
 doubtful. 
 
 Circa 473—420 B.C. 
 
 In 473 B.C. the Tarenfines (and Bhngians) met with a disastrous defeat at the hands 
 of the lapijfjinns. The flower of the Tareniine aristocraeij mere slain, and in con- 
 sequence apolitical revolution ensued. The cstcthlishment of the deiiiocracy was marlccd 
 hij a new coin tijpe (Nos. Iff.). None of the following specimens are among the earliest 
 of the series. Frohahl/j (dl (f them are later than circa 460 B.C. 
 
 Didra chm s 
 
 $ A9AT Taras on dolphin r., with both 
 arms extended in front ; beneath, cockle- 
 shell ; border of dots. 
 
 type 1. ; inscr. illeg-ible. 
 
 Male figure (' Demos ' of Tarentum P), naked 
 to waist, seated 1. on four-legged stool ; 
 leans with 1. arm on staff that rests on 
 ground behind him ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 in r., distaff. 
 
 in r., uncertain object. 
 [Plate v. 2.] 
 
 Tai'as on dolphin r. ; 1. arm extended in 
 front ; in r., cuttlefish ; beneath, un- 
 certain object ; plain border, double. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 Similar figure ; but in r., kantharos ; staff 
 raised from 1. shoulder; line of ex., 
 dotted. 
 
 [Plate v. 3.] 
 
66 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 IG 
 
 17 
 
 Weight 
 
 126-7 
 
 117-2 
 
 117-3 
 
 11-1-1 
 
 11-4 
 11-1 
 
 9-7 
 
 5-1 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 ^-95 
 
 M -8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -85 
 
 JR -4 
 M -4 
 .R -4 
 
 yll -3 
 
 Taras on dolpliin 1. ; in extended r. hand, 
 wreath ; beneath, crayhsh L 
 
 Similar ? 
 
 much worn. 
 
 T APA N Tl NHN Taras on 
 
 dolpliin r. ; r. hand re.sts on dolphin's 
 back ; 1. arm extended in front ; beneath, 
 cockle-shell. 
 
 [T]APA N Tl Nn[N] _ Taras, 
 with crested helmet, on dol])hin 1. ; in 
 r. hand, acrostolion ; in 1., small round 
 buckler with two javelins ; beneath, 
 fish 1. ; on back of dolphin, a small E 
 
 Similar figure ; but r. foot rests on foot- 
 stool ; in r. hand, kantharos ; in 1., 
 distaff. 
 
 line of ex., not -visible. 
 
 Similar; but in r., spindle ; in 1., lekythos 
 tied with string, and strigil. 
 
 no dotted line visible. 
 
 Similar figure ; but in r., kantharos ; in 
 1., distaff. 
 
 * 
 
 Similar. 
 
 object in r., off coin. 
 
 Litr ae 
 
 Cockle-shell ; plain border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Ai'chaic head (Taras ?) 1. 
 
 hair-knot more prominent. 
 
 [Plate v. 4.] 
 
 Hemilitron 
 
 Similar, but type r. ; hair-knot promi- 
 nent. 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 B. After circa 420 B.C. 
 
 («.) Gold 
 
 The folJowivfj gold coins should he studied in connection wlih the various series 
 of silcer to ivliich they naturalhj attach themselves hij their dates. 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 330—302 b.c. 
 
 Stater 
 
 Head of goddess r., wearing stej^liane, 
 veil on back of head, and earring; in 
 front and beliind, dolpliin downwards ; 
 beneath, A? Y 
 
 18 
 
 131-2 
 
 N -75 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 The Dioskouroi on horseback 1., side by 
 side ; horses walking, farther one in 
 advance, crowned by rider ; above, two 
 stars of eight rays ; in ex., traces of 
 § A 
 
 [Evans, Horsemen of Tarenfum, Pl. v. 10.] 
 
 Drachm 
 
 19 
 
 66-4^ 
 
 AT -6 
 
 TAPANTINflN Head of goddess r., 
 wearing stephane, earring, and necklace ; 
 hair loose on neck ; behind head, E ; 
 on cheek, S ; border of dots. 
 
 TAPA5 Taras seated on dolphin 1. 
 holding small dolphin 1., and trident: 
 below, h H 
 
 [Plate v. 5.] 
 
 Diobol 
 
 TAPAS Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; in 
 front, S A , 'lud dolphin downwards. 
 
 20 
 
 221 
 
 M -15 
 
 Herakles 1., head turned r., wielding clnb 
 mth r., a^^d about to strike Nemean 
 lion which he strangles with 1. ; in 
 field 1., bow and quiver ; beneath, \- H 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 21 
 
 132-7 
 
 N- -75 
 
 Stater 
 
 TAPA Head of goddess 1., wearing 
 stephane, veil on back of head, earring, 
 and necklace; around, three dolphins ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 TAPA$ (in ex.) Yoimg horseman, 
 with r. hand placing wreath on horse's 
 head ; horse walking r. ; above, Nike 
 crowning horseman with both hands ; 
 in front, dolphin downwards r. ; beneath 
 horse, $ A ', between its forelegs, stai- 
 of eight rays. 
 
 [Ev*ns, Pl. v. 14.] 
 
 K 2 
 
68 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 4//e'' <'"<^'* 281 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Stater 
 
 22 
 
 132-2 
 
 AT -7 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laiir. ; beliiucl, NK 
 
 TAPANTINIIN Eagle h, with open 
 wings, standing on thunderbolt ; in 
 fi'ont, Pallas Pi'omachos 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate v. G.] 
 
 
 
 
 Hemidraclim 
 
 23 
 
 32-8 
 
 ^ -45 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 TAPANTIN[nN] Eagle 1., with 
 open wings, standing on thunderbolt. 
 
 
 
 
 D i ob ol 
 
 24 
 
 16-4 
 
 N -35 
 
 Head of Pallas, in crested CorintLian 
 helmet, r. ; beneath chin, NK 
 
 Owl r., with open wings, standing on 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 
 
 
 Sicilian Litra 
 
 25 
 
 12-9 
 
 AT -35 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 TAPAS Taras seated on dolphin 1., 
 holding kantharos and trident. 
 
 
 
 
 (/;.) Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachms (' Horseman' Class) and Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Full Weight 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 420—380 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 ' Horsemen ' prohaltlji heijan to he issued in the hitier part of the precedimj period, 
 hut all the folloioimj specimens arc suhsequent to 420 B.C. 
 
 1 20 
 
 117r, 
 
 M -85 
 
 Naked horseman, helmeted, 1., on cantering 
 horse ; his r. holds hor.se's bridle, and in 
 his 1. he has a round shield and lance ; 
 bis r. knee is bent under him, as if he 
 were vaulting from his horse ; beneath, 
 § ; plain bordei'. 
 
 TAPAS (beneath dolphin) Taras 
 astride on dolphin 1. ; 1. hand, stretched 
 out behind, holds large oval shield ; in 
 r. hand he has helmet with cheek- 
 pieces and flowing crest ; in fi-ont, S ; 1 
 plain border. 
 
 1 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 69 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type, without helmet or lance ; 
 plain border. 
 
 TAPA[S] (iu field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; he holds acrostolion in out- 
 stretched r. hand ; 1. rests on dolphin's 
 back ; plain border. 
 
 27 
 
 117-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 beneath, 5 
 
 beneath, S 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate v. 7.] 
 
 28 
 
 116-9 
 
 ^-85 
 
 no letter. 
 
 Naked Ephelros 1., crowning his horse 
 with r., and holding in his 1. behind 
 him a small round sliield ; plain border. 
 
 no letters visible ; much worn. 
 
 T A P[A$] (in field r.) Taras astride 
 on dolphin r. ; points downwards with 
 1. hand, and holds a dart in r., uplifted, 
 as if he were about to stiike ; plain 
 border. 
 
 29 
 
 115-9 
 
 yR-85 
 
 Naked Ephebos r., crowning his horse ; in 
 front, caduceus upright ; plain border. 
 
 TAPA$ (in field 1.) Similar type; r. 
 hand rests on dolphin's back ; 1. hand 
 extended ; beneath, A ; plain border. 
 
 30 
 
 116-2 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate v. 8.] 
 
 
 
 
 Naked Ephebos galloping r. ; with r. hand 
 thrown back, grasping l)y the middle a 
 short javelin (or whip ?) 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Similar type 1.; 
 Taras holds acrostolion in outstretched 
 r. hand ; plain border. 
 
 31 
 
 115-9 
 
 M'8 
 
 beneath horse, A 
 
 
 32 
 
 118-7 
 
 M -85 
 
 no letter. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 380—345 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 This teas a period of jrrosperiti) under the government of the philosopher ArcJii/tas. 
 
 
 
 
 Naked youth galloping r., grasping reins 
 with both hands. 
 
 TAPAS (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; holds acrostolion in out- 
 stretched r. hand. 
 
 33 
 
 119-8 
 
 ^-85 
 
 beneath, A 
 
 in field 1., V ; plain border. 
 
 34 
 
 120-9 
 
 yR-8 
 
 ,, ,, plain border. 
 
 beneath, A ; no border visible. 
 
 35 
 
 120-9 
 
 yR-75 
 
 no letter visible ; plain border. 
 
 on dolphin, H 5 plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate v. 9.] 
 
 3; 
 
 117-9 
 
 /R-8 
 
 beneath, A ; no border visible. 
 
 type r. ; object in extended 1., off coin ; 
 beneath, A ; no border visible. 
 
CALABEIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 37 
 
 llG-1 
 
 38 
 
 121-2 
 
 92-1 
 
 40 
 41 
 42 
 
 115-3 
 
 119- 
 
 117-2 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 ^•85 
 
 M -85 
 
 Al-8 
 
 M-9 
 M -8 
 .R-9 
 
 43 
 
 119-5 
 
 44 
 
 114-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Naked youth on horse 1. ; his shield seen 
 sideways behind him ; his head inclined 
 towards the horse's, and his bridle-arm 
 in front of horse's neck ; the horse 
 
 stands and 
 beneath, Y : 
 
 raises its off 
 plain border. 
 
 fore-leg ; 
 
 Naked horseman, helmeted, on horse 
 cantering 1. ; holds small shield and 
 javelin in 1. ; beneath, A ; plain border. 
 
 Reveese 
 
 TAPAS (beneath) Taras seated side- 
 Avays on dolphin 1., his head slightly 
 inclined forward ; beneath, A 
 
 TAPA$ (in field r.) Taras seated side- 
 ways on dolphin 1. ; holds kantharos in 
 r. ; beneath, E, small dolphin 1., and 
 waves ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate v. 10.] 
 
 Naked youth on horse, standing r. 
 r. arm hang-s at his side. 
 
 his 
 
 heads of youth and of horse, off coin ; 
 beneath hoi'se, traces of uncertain letters 
 or symbols. 
 
 Naked Ephebos vaulting from horse 
 cantering 1. ; he holds a small shield in 
 1. hand. 
 
 beneath, A ; plain border. 
 
 r ; no border visible. 
 
 Similar type, javelin with shield ; beneath. 
 
 Naked horseman, helmeted, advancing 1., 
 holding reins in r., shield and javelin 
 in 1. ; beneath, A 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; his 1. hand resting on back 
 part of dolphin, his r. leg thrown for- 
 ward, so as to be outlined in front of 
 the fish's head ; in his r. he holds out 
 an oinochoc. 
 
 TAPA5 (beneath) Taras astride on dol- 
 phin 1. ; r. hand outstretched ; farther 
 leg outlined, as above. 
 
 farther leg not visible ; in r., acrostolion? ; 
 plain border. 
 
 r. hand, off coin ; beneath, A ; no border 
 visible. 
 
 in r., fish downwards; beneath, P 
 
 TAPA $ (in field r.) Similar tj^je; 
 but Taras holds trident which rests on 
 1. shoulder; beneath, K and waves. 
 
 Similar. 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 71 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 45 
 46 
 47 
 
 123-4 
 116-6 
 120-3 
 
 48 
 
 116-9 
 
 49 
 
 119-5 
 
 50 
 
 119-1 
 
 51 
 
 120-4 
 
 52 
 
 115-6 
 113-3 
 
 JR -8 
 M -75 
 
 ^-85 
 
 yll-8 
 
 M-9 
 
 M-9 
 
 M-85 
 
 MS 
 M -85 
 
 Naked boy, on horseback, his arm hanging 
 at his side; horse stands r. and lifts its 
 off fore-leg ; beneath, 
 
 Naked boy on horse cantering r. ; his arm 
 liangs at his side; beneath, A 
 
 Naked boy on horse standing r. ; 
 himself -with r. ; beneath, P ; 
 r., Y 
 
 crowns 
 in field 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; r. hand ontstretched and 
 pointing forward ; plain border. 
 
 beneath, 
 
 above dolphin's tail, 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1.; r. hand extended with open 
 palm; farther leg outlined in front of 
 dolphin's head. 
 
 TAPA^ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; holds small fisb in extended 
 r. hand ; beneath, A 
 
 [Plate v. 11.] 
 
 Circa 344—834 B.C. 
 
 In 344 B.C. the Tarentines, hard pressed by the Messajnans and Lucanians, appealed 
 to Sparta for aid. King Archidamos led an army to their assistance, hut -was defeated 
 
 and slain in 338 B.C. 
 
 Naked boy rider to r., crowning stationary 
 horse, which raises oil fore-leg, and 
 croAvned himself by flying Nike ; beneath 
 horse, SIM 
 
 T A PAS (in field r.) Taras, ]|aked, on 
 dolphin 1., his farther leg drawn up and 
 visible to knee ; his 1., which rests on 
 the fish's back, grasps a trident ; with 
 his r. he holds out a kantharos ; beneath, 
 h H P find curling waves. 
 
 inscr. not visible. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. iv. 2.] 
 
 Naked boy rider r., crowning his horse, 
 wliicb stands still and raises its oif 
 fore-leg ; beneath horse, K and club 
 downwards. 
 
 TAP A S (in field r.) Taras astride 
 on dolphin 1. ; in r. hand, kantharos ; 
 in 1., small round shield and trident; 
 beneath, H and waves ; plain border. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. iv. 1.] 
 
 Naked warrior, helmeted, standing behind 
 his horse r. ; holds spear and large 
 round shield. 
 
 TAPAS (in field r.) Taras seated side- 
 ways on dolphin 1. ; holds trident in r., 
 and in 1., small round shield; beneath, 
 A and waves. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. iv. 4.] 
 
72 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 G2 
 
 120-8 
 
 1211 
 119-8 
 
 122-5 
 
 120-8 
 
 120-4 
 
 119-1 
 
 121-6 
 
 90-7 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -8 
 M -9 
 
 ^•85 
 JR -85 
 
 /R-85 
 
 M -85 
 
 M-8 
 
 MS 
 
 Naked boy on hoi'seback r. ; above, Nike 
 flying- r. and crowning him ; liorse 
 prancing and embraced by another 
 naked boy ; beneath, I ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 TAPA5 (beneatli) Taras astride on 
 dolphin L ; holding one handled vase 
 in extended r. ; in front, K ; behind, 
 cockle-shell ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate v. 12.] 
 
 Circa 334—330 B.C. 
 
 This series is confcmporary with the ItuJian expedition of Alexander of Ejnrus, 
 whose aid the Tarcntines had inroked, and who is perhaps dircctlij alluded to 
 
 in the su)iihol of the eagle. 
 
 TAP AS (in field r.) Taras, naked, as 
 a plump child, a flower-like top-knot 
 rising from his foi-ehead, astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; he holds a distaff in I. hand. 
 
 (inscr., off coin ;) in front, <|)| AIS ; behind, 
 eagle 1.; beneath, waves. 
 
 in front, eagle 1.; beneath, <1)| ; no waves. 
 [Evans, Pl. vi. 4.] 
 
 Circa 330—302 B.C. 
 
 In 315 B.C. the Tarenfines and Spartans jointhj nndertoolc an abortive expedition 
 against Agathocles of Syracuse. The Iter, tijpe of No. 18 has been interpreted as an 
 
 cdlusion to this aUianrc. 
 
 Naked horseman prancing r., thrusting 
 downwai'ds with spear; ink, large round 
 shield and two spears. 
 
 beneath, SIM; border of dots, 
 beneath, § | ; no border -visible. 
 
 Similar type ; but horseman wears helmet ; 
 beneath, AAI 
 
 Similar type ; but horseman has no 
 helmet ; beneath horse, $A 
 
 TARAS (in field r.) Taras, naked, 
 seated on dolphin 1. ; holds trident over 
 r. shoulder ; in 1. hand, shield on which 
 sea-horse 1.; in front, <|>| ; beneath, 
 murex-shell. 
 
 TAPAS (in field r.) Taras, naked, 
 asti-ide on dolphin ].; in r. hand, 
 kautharos ; in 1., trident; in field 1., 
 
 n 
 
 ; beneath, small dolphin 1. 
 
 Similar type ; in field 1., 
 horse, API 
 
 without i 
 
 [Evans, Pl. vi. 7.] 
 
 ; beneath T A PAS (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; in r. hand, kantharos ; in 
 I 1., oar ; in front, KA 
 
 [Plate v. 13.] 
 
 I inscr. , off coin ; no letters visible. 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 73 
 
 1 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Naked boy on horseback r., crowning 
 himself with r. hand ; horse raises 
 near fore- leg; beneath, §A, and capital 
 of Ionic column. 
 
 TAPA$ (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin I., his r. leg thrown forward; 
 in r. hand, water-snake; in 1., curved 
 rod ; beneath, KOM 
 
 63 
 
 123-1 
 
 ^•85 
 
 
 (M, off coin) 
 
 64> 
 
 119-9 
 
 ^■9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. vi. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 302—281 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In 302 B.C., the arrival of the Spartan Kh-onijmos icith a formidable force overaiced 
 the Lucanians into malcing terms with Tnrentnin. Then, hoirever, Bome, haring crushed 
 the Samnites, stcudilij pushed farther south. The alarmed Tarentines summoned 
 
 Pijrrhns of Epirus (c. 282 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 Naked boy rider r., crowning his horse, 
 which lifts off fore-leg ; in field to 1., 
 SA 
 
 TAPA$ (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., with extended r. hand. 
 
 65 
 
 120-1 
 
 ^■95 
 
 APE 
 
 beneath horse, psr^sA 
 
 in r., tripod ; beneath, EA$ 
 
 66 
 
 116-4 
 
 ^1-95 
 
 )) )> 
 
 5) 3i M 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. vii. 1.] 
 
 67 
 
 119-6 
 
 M-d 
 
 beneath horse, apyo^ 
 
 in r., bunch of grapes; beneath, ATA 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. vii. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Naked helnieted horseman 1., carrying in 
 1. small round shield ; he is i-eceived by 
 Nike, wearing diploidiou.wlio seizes fore- 
 lock of horse; beneath, AYKI$KO[5] 
 
 TAPA^ (in field 1.) Taras kneeling 
 with r. knee on back of dolphin 1. ; r. 
 arm outstretched ; in 1. hand, two 
 javelins, and small round shield, on 
 which E; iu front, lOP; beneath, 
 waves. 
 
 6« 
 
 120-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 [Plate 
 
 V. 14.] 
 
 69 
 
 110-3 
 
 yR-85 
 
 letters, off coin. 
 
 much worn. 
 
 7(1 
 
 120-7 
 
 .R -85 
 
 Naked horseman cantering 1.; in 1. hand, 
 small round shield and two javelins. 
 
 beneath, EY ; in field 1., <|)|AnN 
 
 TAPA§ (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; r. leg thrown forward ; inr., 
 wreath-bearing Nike r. ; beneath, waves. 
 
 71* 
 
 97-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 beneath, <|>IAnN 
 
 Similar type, without javelins ; beneath, 
 <|)|AOKAH S; in field r., E 
 
 [T]APA$ (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin, in usual manner, 1. ; in r. hand, 
 wreath ; beneath, AY 
 
 72 
 
 122-1 
 
 ^11 -85 
 
 * No. 71, tlioiigli i)ruiic'rly buloiigiiig- to the iio.s 
 
 t period, coniieL-ts itself uaturally witli No. 70. 
 
 L 
 
 
74 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 73 
 
 74 
 
 50- 
 
 .Rpl.-65 
 
 M -65 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 99- 
 101-4 
 
 77 
 78 
 
 100-1 
 98-5 
 
 79 
 
 99-9 
 
 80 
 
 95-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 y5l-85 
 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 
 ■R -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing necklace and 
 crested lielinet, on which Skylla, hurling 
 rock. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 TAP Owl r., on olive branch ; in front, 
 lOP (upwai-ds). 
 
 T A P Owl r. ; in front, club downwards, 
 and lOP 
 
 [Plate v. 15.] 
 
 Reduced Weight 
 
 Circa 281—272 B.C. 
 
 About the time of Pi/rrhus's arriiutl, the velght of Tureiitine ilidrachms fell more than 
 20 grains, the drachm harinij been reduced before the close of the j^ircvious period 
 {No. 74). Pijrrhus withdrew from Italy in 274 B.C., and two years later Tarentuni 
 surrendered to the Romans. Pallas Proinachos (No. 22), the eagle (Nos. 22 and 23), 
 and the elephant (No. 79) are all emblems characteristic of the Epirote king. 
 
 Naked horseman, helnieted, r., thrusting 
 downwards with lance held in r. ; in 1., 
 large round shield and two spears ; 
 
 beneath, ^^J/ 
 
 in field 1., FY 
 
 EY 
 
 Similar tvpe ; 
 field l.,OE 
 
 T APA5 (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; in r., wreath-bearing JNike 
 r. ; in 1., cornucopiae; in front, PO AY; 
 behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. viii. 2. J 
 
 beneath, AAE[i] ; in 
 
 Similar type ; but to v., small Nike 
 flies 1., crowning horseman; beneath, 
 AYKHN 
 
 Naked boy on horse walking 1., which is 
 received and cx'owned by a standing 
 male figure; in field r., FY; beneath, 
 
 API 
 STI 
 
 r 
 
 TAPAS (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; holding trident in 1., and 
 wreath in extended r. ; behind, §1 ; 
 beneath, star of eight rays. 
 
 TAP* A [5] (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; in extended r., kantharos ; 
 in 1., trident; behind, P 
 
 T APA$ (in field 1.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin r. ; 1. leg thrown forward ; in 
 r. hand, arrow ; in ]., bow ; beneath, 
 elephant r. 
 
 [Cf. Evans, Pi-. viii. 4.] 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Ekverse 
 
 81 
 82 
 
 83 
 
 100- 
 101-2 
 
 102-4 
 
 84 
 85 
 86 
 87 
 88 
 89 
 
 99-6 
 98-9 
 101- 
 90-6 
 100-4 
 101-1 
 
 90 
 91 
 
 100-8 
 100-2 
 
 92-* 
 
 100-1 
 
 M -85 
 M -9 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 /R -9 
 
 M -8 
 
 Naked boy-rider r., crowning stationary 
 horse which lifts near fore-leg ; in field 
 NEY 
 
 1-, 1X2; beneath, 
 
 TAPA5 (beneath) Taras seated side- 
 ways on dolphin 1. ; holding Phrygian 
 helmet in extended r. ; on either side, a 
 star. 
 
 in field r., API§ 
 
 roAY 
 
 [Evans, Pl. viii. 6.] 
 
 in field r., uncertain letters. 
 
 Helmeted warrior on horse, cantering 1., 
 wearing crested helmet, and holding 
 two spears and a large round shield, on 
 which is an eight-rayed star. 
 
 hi 
 in field r., IXl; beneath, [AjroAAIl 
 
 [A]roAAn 
 
 xn 
 
 illegible letters. 
 
 AH . AAfl 
 
 AroAAH 
 hi 
 
 [AiroAAn 
 
 TAPAS (beneath) Taras, of plump 
 Dionysiac type, astride on dolphin 1. ; 
 wears head- covering and anklets ; in 
 extended r., bunch of grapes ; in 1., 
 
 distaff. 
 
 in field r. 
 
 AN0 
 
 AN[0] 
 AN0 
 
 A NO, and ear of coi'n. 
 
 A NO, and owl on the wing 1. 
 
 [Plate v. 16.] 
 
 Naked boy-rider crowning himself on 
 horse standing r., and lifting up near 
 fore- leg ; in field 1., Ill; beneath, 
 X AAO and caj^ital of Ionic column. 
 
 Naked youth, with both legs extended 
 together, seated sideways on horse 
 cantering 1. ; in field to r., EY ; beneath, 
 
 inpY 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras, of same ty]3e 
 as on preceding series, astride on dol- 
 jjhin 1.; in r., ap lustre ; in h, distaff; 
 in field r., ANO 
 
 AN 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding jjalm bound with 
 lemniskos, and with r. extending kan- 
 tharos ; in field r., a crested Corinthian 
 helmet; in field 1., 01 
 
 [Plate v. 17.] 
 
 * This coin does not form part of the original Hunter Cabinet. It was one of a small hoard 
 discovered in 1885 in the island of Vulcano (see Nuni. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xvj., pp. 18o— 19U;. 
 Mr. Stevenson has kindly allowed it to be described and figured here. 
 
 L 2 
 
7(5 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reversk 
 
 93 
 
 50-8 
 
 .R -7 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing ci-ested helmet, 
 on which Skylla hurling rock. 
 
 Owl r. on olive-branch, showing full 
 face ; in field r., API ; iii field 1., 
 NEYMHNIO5 
 
 94 
 
 4G7 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 95 
 
 46-3 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 letters in field r., off coin. 
 
 • 
 
 96 
 
 50-1 
 
 yR -65 
 
 Similar type 1., hair long. 
 
 Owl r., on thunderbolt, with wings open; 
 beneath, A 10 ; in field r., §n§ 
 
 
 
 % 
 
 [Plate v. 18.] 
 
 97 
 
 48-5 
 
 M 65 
 
 
 
 98 
 
 50-3 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 Al sn 
 
 99 
 
 48-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 )) >i 
 
 luo 
 
 507 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 Al n 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 272—235 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In spite (if its suryender, Turcntum upparentlij continued to strike silver 
 as a ' civitas foederata.' 
 
 101 
 
 9G-3 
 
 M -8 
 
 Naked boy-rider, crowning horse, which 
 stands 1., and lifts off fore-leg ; beneath 
 horse, AP ISTI5, and anchor r. 
 
 TAPA^ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding in 1. hand distaff. 
 
 r. hand, off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type, horse advancing ; behind 
 rider, N<i J beneath horse, <|)|AOKPA 
 
 TAPAS (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., hokliug trident in 1., and 
 with r. extending kantharos. 
 
 102 
 
 99-7 
 
 yR -9 
 
 
 behind him, APOA (ilowuwards) 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 2.] 
 
 103 
 
 95-3 
 
 Al -8 
 
 
 A no A, upwards. 
 
 104 
 
 996 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 inscr., in field r. ; APOA, beneath. 
 
 105 
 
 99-4 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar type ; behind rider, $ Y ; beneath 
 
 TA PA$ (beneath) Taras on dolphin 
 1.; his r. arm raised and brandishing 
 trident ; his extended 1. arm holding 
 chlam^-s ; in field r., owl. 
 
 
 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 3.] 
 
 1 or, 
 
 96-7 
 
 Al -85 
 
 
 1 
 
TARENTLTM 
 
 77 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 107 
 
 98-3 
 
 108 
 
 971 
 
 109 
 
 92-4 
 
 110 
 
 98-8 
 
 111 
 
 98-1 
 
 112 
 
 94-7 
 
 113 
 
 95- S 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keveese 
 
 yR -75 
 
 M 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -8 
 
 Al -85 
 
 Similar type r. ; behind rider, <1)| ; 
 beneath horse, [I] 12 rY[PO§] 
 
 Naked horseman on prancing horse r., 
 thrusting downwards with spear held 
 in r. ; in L, large round shield and two 
 spears ; behind horseman, A I ; beneath 
 
 API $To 
 KA H5 
 
 horse, 
 
 TAPA5 (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1.; holding a ti'ident in 1., and 
 a cornucopiae in extended r. ; in field 
 r., cicada. 
 
 TAPA 5 (beneath) Taras on dolphin 1., 
 holding trident in 1., and kantharos in 
 extended r. ; in field r., head of nymph 1. 
 
 r. hand, off coin. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 6.] 
 
 Youth, with r. band raised and gannent 
 round his loins, seated on stationary 
 horse r.; beneath horse, 4>IAICKOC 
 
 TAPA$ (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and 
 kantharos in extended r. ; beneath, 
 tripod. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 8.] 
 
 Horseman in close-fitting lorica and crested 
 helmet, holding spear, with point down- 
 wards, in r., and large round shield on 
 1. arm ; in front of horse, <|>| ; beneath, 
 hHPAK 
 AHTO§ 
 
 and 
 and 
 
 TAPA$ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding flower in r. 
 cornucopiae in 1.; in field r., p" 
 thymiaterion. 
 
 inscr., ofE coin. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 9.] 
 
 Similar type, but horse cantering; beneath, 
 AroA[A] 
 
 nN[io§] 
 
 Naked boy-rider crowning horse walking 
 r.; behind, small Nike flying r., crown- 
 ing hoi'seman ; in front of horse, <|)| ; 
 beneath APISTO 
 
 TAPAS (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., wearing chlamys ; over r. 
 shoulder, trident ; in front, Nike flying 
 r., crowning Taras ;. beneath, waves. 
 
 TAPA 5 (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and 
 kantharos in extended r.; in field 1., 
 n I ; in field r., term. 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 11.] 
 
 Similar type ; in front of horse, EYN ; 
 beneath, A AMOKP ITO$ 
 
 TAPA§ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin r., holding in 1. a trident, and 
 in extended r. a cornucopiae ; in field 1., 
 
 [£ 
 
 [Evans, Pl. ix. 12,] 
 
78 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 114 
 115 
 
 45-7 
 48-4 
 
 M -7 
 
 jR -65 
 
 116 
 
 46-6 
 
 M -7 
 
 11< 
 
 118 
 
 98-8 
 94-9 
 
 M -8 
 JR -8 
 
 119 
 
 96-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 120 
 
 96-5 
 
 JR -8 
 
 121 93-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing- necklace and 
 crested helmet, on which Skylla hurling 
 rock. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Owl r., on olive-branch ; in field r., term ; 
 in field 1., APl$TOKPATH$ 
 
 in field r., kantharos ; 
 |-HPAKAHTO$ 
 
 in field 1., 
 
 TAP (in field r.) Owl r., seated on 
 capital of Ionic column ; in field r., 
 
 AN; in field L, NIKoKPATHS 
 
 Circa 235—228 B.C. 
 
 Tho closing of the mint at Tarenfnm lyroluihlij took place when Borne began to issue 
 a new iuieriiational curreucij, the Victoriatus {circa 228 B.C.). 
 
 Naked youth at full gallop to r., holding 
 lighted torch in r. behind him ; behind 
 rider, \^ ; beneath horse, AA I M AXOC 
 
 TA PA[C] (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and 
 with r. extending kantharos ; in field 
 tor., ^ 
 
 [Evans, Pl. x. 1.] 
 
 no letters or monogram visible. 
 
 Boy rider, wearing short tunic, at full 
 gallop r., his body thrown back and 
 his 1. hand clutching mane of horse; 
 beneath, . nPIYPinN, and bu- 
 cranium, between horns of which, $12 
 
 [T]A PA5 Taras astride on dolphin 
 ]., holding trident in 1., and sea-horse 
 in extended r.; in field r., head of 
 bearded Seilenos 1., and p" 
 
 [Of. Evans, Pl. x. 2.] 
 
 Naked boy-rider, holding palm bound 
 with fillet, cantering r. ; behind horse- 
 man, /S^ ; beneath horse, APICTIPP 
 
 TA PAC Taras astride on dolphin 1., 
 crowned with wreath ; his 1. hand rests 
 on dolphin's back ; in extended r. he 
 holds a kantharos ; in field to r., /y\ 
 
 [Evans, Pl. x. 5.] 
 
 Warrior bare-headed r., in full military 
 costume, on horse cantering r. ; his face 
 is turned towards the spectator ; his 
 r. arm is extended behind him to receive 
 wreath-bearing Nike ; behind horseman, 
 "F~P ; beneath horse, K and uncertain 
 
 letters. 
 
 TAP Taras astride on dolphin 1., hold- 
 ing trident in 1., and in extended r. 
 wreath-bearing Nike r. ; in field r., |SE 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 79 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 122 
 
 123 
 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 129 
 
 58-9 
 
 100-1 
 
 108-1 
 114-3 
 105-G 
 
 118 8 
 110-5 
 
 Al -75 
 
 ^•75 
 
 M -8 
 /R -75 
 /R -8 
 
 M pi. -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 Circa 212—209 B.C. 
 During HannihaV s occupation there teas a brief revival of monetary activity.'* 
 
 Horseman in crested helmet and cuirass, 
 carrying filleted palm-branch, advancing' 
 r. ; beneath, ^HKAN NAS 
 
 TAPA§ (beneath) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and 
 kantharos in extended r. ; behind, eagle 
 with open wings 1. 
 
 [Plate v. 19.] 
 
 'Campano-Tarentine' Didrachms 
 
 Campaniau (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Third Century B.c."j" 
 
 These coins ivere intended to circulate outside of Turentine territory. Their types 
 perhaps point to a monetary convention ivith Neapolis. 
 
 Female head 1., wearing diadem, earring 
 of three drops, and necklace ; locks 
 escape, and cover central jjai't of diadem. 
 
 XA (behind horseman) Naked horse- 
 man, crowning his horse 1.; beneath 
 horse, dolphin 1. 
 
 [Plate v. 20.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 no necklace ; earring of single di*op. 
 
 Similar ; but diadem very broad ; ean-ing 
 of single drop ; no necklace. 
 
 Similar ; but diadem narrow and orna- 
 mented with dots ; earring of three drops. 
 
 TA Similar type r.; beneath, dolphin r. 
 inscr., behind horaeman. 
 inscr., between horse's fore-legs, 
 inscr., beneath horse. 
 
 XA (beneath hoi-se) Same type and 
 symbol; in front, <|)| 
 
 XA (beneath horse's fore-legs) Same 
 type and symbol ; behind horse, crescent 
 with horns upwards. 
 
 * Accoi-fling to Evans (op. cit. pp. 196 ff.), the coins then issued were struck on the 
 standard of the Roman Victoriatus (52-6 grains). The weight of the present specimen makes it 
 difficult to accept that view. Compare also the corresponding piece of Metapontum (No. 55). 
 
 t Evans (op. cit. pp. 170 If.) adduces strong reasons for believing that the bulk of these 
 coins are subsequent to 272 B.C. 
 
80 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keveese 
 
 130 
 
 lU-l 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 XA (between horse's fore-legs) Similar; 
 but in place of crescent, cornucojjiae. 
 
 131 
 
 112-1 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar ; with necklace. 
 
 XA (between horse's fore-legs) Same 
 type ; beneath horse, lion r. ; behind 
 horseman, dolphin r. 
 
 132 
 
 111-8 
 
 y5l-8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 XAP (behind horseman) Same type; 
 beneath, tripod and dolphin r. 
 
 133 
 
 112-9 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar ; diadem plain ; no necklace. 
 
 Similar ; but in place of tripod, top of 
 Ionic column. 
 
 134 
 
 101-4 
 
 ^•8 
 
 Similar; but head considerably smaller; 
 earring doubtful. 
 
 XA (behind horseman) Same type ; 
 in front, dolphin downwards ; beneath 
 horse, rhyton ending in head and fore- 
 legs of animal r. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate' v. 21.] 
 
 
 
 
 Smaller Denominations of Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth and Tliird Centuries B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Diobols 
 
 
 
 
 These diohols, which should he compared irlth those of Heraclen, hegau to he issued 
 
 circa 400 B.C. For the head of Pallas, see under Thurium ; and loith the Heraldes 
 
 tijpes compare Hekaclea, Nos. 5 ff., and Croton, No. 30. 
 
 135 
 
 13-7 
 
 ^-4 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested 
 Athenian helmet, on which Skylla. 
 
 XA Infant Herakles, naked, kneeling r. 
 on 1. knee, strangling serpent with each 
 hand ; in field 1., AyA ; in ex., thunder- 
 bolt. 
 
 136 
 
 15-3 
 
 ^-5 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing Corinthian 
 helmet, crested and ornamented with 
 snake. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Herakles facing, seizing galloping horse 
 which passes behind him r. ; he holds 
 club in raised r. ; in field 1., ^ ; in 
 field r., A|A 
 
 VI. 1.] 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 81 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 137 
 
 11-7 
 
 M -5 
 
 Bust of Pallas, full-face, towards 1., wear- 
 ing Corinthian helmet with three crests ; 
 dress fastened round neck with clasp. 
 
 TAPANTINflN (in field r.) Herakles, 
 naked, standing r. and sti-angling lion ; 
 behind him, club downwards ; between 
 his legs, pelta. 
 
 138 
 
 13-1 
 
 yR-5 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., in crested Corinthian 
 helmet. 
 
 T (in field 1.) Herakles standing r., 
 graj^pliiig with lion ; his r. hand grasps 
 clab raised to strike. 
 
 139 
 
 15-5 
 
 yR-45 
 
 Similar ; but helmet ornamented with 
 griffin. 
 
 TAP (in field r.) Similar type; behind 
 Herakles, bow and quiver ; between his 
 legs, amphora. 
 
 140 
 
 13-5 
 
 ^•45 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Athenian helmet, beneath which hair 
 hangs down. 
 
 .APA.[TINnN] Herakles, naked, 
 r., strangling lion ; behind him, club 
 downwards. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 2.] 
 
 141 
 
 17- 
 
 M -5 
 
 Similar head r. ; but helmet ornamented 
 with sea-horse. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 TAP[ Herakles, naked, standing 
 r., with 1. knee raised, strangling lion; 
 behind him, club. 
 
 Herakles, naked, r., strangling lion ; behind 
 him, club ; between his legs, A 
 
 142* 
 
 15- 
 
 ^■45 
 
 Similar. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 Herakles kneeling r., and bending forward 
 over lion, which he is strangling. 
 
 143 
 
 14-7 
 
 ^■45 
 
 Similar; but Pallas wears necklace and 
 earring. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 TAPAN TINnN Herakles, naked, 
 standing r., strangling lion. 
 
 144 
 
 16-4 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 behind him, bow and club; between his 
 legs, K 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 3.] 
 
 145 
 
 17-2 
 
 /R-45 
 
 
 behind, club ; between legs, K ; inscr. , off coin. 
 
 146 
 
 18-2 
 
 M-55 
 
 * Some of the following diobols may belong 
 No. G of Heraclea. 
 
 „ X or K ? 
 
 ; to Heraclea. Cf., for instance, No. 149 with 
 
82 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No. 
 
 i 
 Weight 
 
 147 
 
 14- 
 
 148 
 
 17-5 
 
 149 
 
 lG-3 
 
 150 
 
 15-4 
 
 151 
 
 19- 
 
 152 
 
 16-8 
 
 153 
 
 20-1 
 
 154 
 
 18- 
 
 155 
 
 16-4 
 
 15G 
 
 16-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 ^1-5 
 
 M -ii 
 
 JR -5 
 
 M -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 M -45 
 
 JR -45 
 
 M -5 
 
 ^•5 
 
 Al •; 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similai'. 
 
 Similar ; but on helmet, Skylla, hurling 
 rock. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but in front, § 
 
 Traces of inscr. Herakles, naked, kneel- 
 ing r., strangling lion ; behind him, 
 club ; above lion, owl. 
 
 [T] ARAN? Similar type ; but Herakles 
 kneels on r. knee only, and grasps club 
 in r. 
 
 Hei'akles, naked, standing towards r. and 
 strangling lion ; behind him, club and 
 cockle-shell ; between his legs, K 
 
 Herakles, naked, standing facing, turned 
 towai'ds r., grappling with lion ; behind 
 him, thunderbolt; between his legs, <(>| 
 
 Herakles, naked, kneeling r., and sti'an- 
 gling lion, above which bow ? and § ? 
 
 [Plate vi. 4.] 
 
 Similar; no necklace visible; no letter. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; Skylla has hand raised to 
 her head. 
 
 Similar ; but behind neck, X 
 
 Similar ; on helmet, sea-horse with curled 
 wing ; no eariing visible ; no letter 
 behind. 
 
 Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on r. knee, 
 grappling with lion; club in r. hand, 
 di-awn back. 
 
 Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on r. knee, 
 strangling lion ; behind him, club ; 
 above lion, A 
 
 TAPA NTINIIN Herakles, naked, 
 standing r., strangling lion; between 
 his legs, § or X ? 
 
 TAPA . T . . UN Similar type ; 
 
 behind Herakles, club; between his 
 legs, X 
 
 TAPANTINIIN Herakles kneeling 
 r. on r. knee, grappling with lion. 
 
TARENTUM 
 
 83 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 157 
 
 158 
 
 159 
 
 160 
 161 
 162 
 163 
 
 16-i 
 105 
 
 166 
 167 
 16.S 
 
 18-2 
 
 18-3 
 
 18-2 
 
 8-3 
 
 7-7 
 7-9 
 87 
 
 11-8 
 10- 
 
 9-4 
 11-5 
 
 8- 
 
 JR -5 
 
 ^■5 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -35 
 M -45 
 yR -35 
 
 yR-45 
 
 M -45 
 M -4 
 
 /R -4 
 JR -45 
 M -45 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested 
 Athenian helmet, bound with olive- 
 wreath. 
 
 Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on r. knee, 
 strangling lion ; above lion, ^- 
 
 [Plate VI. 5.] 
 
 Similar; but helmet winged, and decorated 
 with floral scroll. 
 
 Head of Herakles, three-quarter face, 
 towards 1., wearing lion's skin; to 1., 
 club upwards. 
 
 T Herakles, naked, facing, 
 
 kneeling on r. knee, grappling with 
 
 lion ; club upright in r. ; beneath 
 club, E 
 
 Herakles, naked, standing r., strangling 
 lion ; behind hiin, club, above which, 
 H ; between his legs, <|) ; above lion, ^ 
 
 [Plate vi. 6.] 
 
 O b 1 s 
 
 Kantharos, surrounded by dots. 
 
 five dots ; in field 1., > ; plain border. 
 
 three dots visible ; no border. 
 
 one dot visible. 
 
 three dots visible. 
 
 Kantharos, suiroundcd by dots. 
 
 four dots visible. 
 
 four dots vnsible. 
 
 one dot visible; in field 1., torch. 
 
 one dot visible ; in field r., object re- 
 sembling fi-og viewed from above, oi' 
 human figure, facing, seated on its 
 haunches, raising both hands. 
 
 Litrae and Hemilitra 
 
 Cockle-shell. 
 
 Similar, 
 (plain border.) 
 
 Dolphin r. 
 
 above, cornucopiae ; beneath, pilos. 
 
 nothing above ; beneath, bunch of grapes 
 between A and P 
 
 Dolphin 1. 
 
 beneath, tripod, 
 beneath, amphora. 
 
84 
 
 CALABRIA 
 
 No, 
 
 169 
 170 
 171 
 172 
 
 173 
 174 
 
 175 
 
 176 
 
 177 
 
 178 
 
 179 
 
 180 
 
 181 
 
 182 
 
 Weight 
 
 4-7 
 5-6 
 4-5 
 3-8 
 
 11-8 
 
 6-3 
 
 5-5 
 6-4 
 
 3- 
 1-9 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reveese 
 
 122- 
 
 31- 
 26-5 
 
 M -3 
 
 M -3 
 
 M -35 
 
 M -35 
 
 M -45 
 
 M -4 
 
 JR -3 
 ^•35 
 
 M -25 
 M -3 
 
 JE -86 
 
 M -65 
 JE -55 
 
 Similar, 
 (plain boi'der.) 
 
 Dolphin r. 
 
 beneath, <|>| 
 beneath, sea-horse r. 
 beneath, hare mnning r. 
 [Plate vi. 7.] 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 Female head r., hair rolled ; plain border. 
 
 Horse's head 1, 
 
 Horse's head r., bridled. 
 
 Dolphin 1. ; beneath, pistrix 1., and waves. 
 [Plate vi. 8.] 
 
 Horse's head 1. 
 
 Horse's head r., bridled, 
 in front, traces of letters ? 
 „ <t>l 
 
 Two crescents, back to back. 
 
 above and beneath, a dot ; plain border. 
 
 around, three stars ; place of fourth, off 
 coin. 
 
 around, four dots. 
 
 Two crescents, back to back, 
 
 above and beneath, a dot. 
 
 around, two dots and a star ; place of 
 second star, oif coin. 
 
 around, four dots. 
 
 (f.) Bronze 
 TJiird Century B.C. 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laureated. 
 
 Cockle-shell. 
 
 [TJAPANTINflN Nike standing r., 
 wearaig long chiton, holding in 1., by 
 the middle, a thunderbolt, the upper 
 end of which she touches with her r. 
 hand. 
 
 TAPAN (in field r.) Taras astride on 
 dolphin 1. ; in r. hand, kantharos ; in 
 1., comucopiae. 
 
LUCANIA 
 
 85 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 .LuCANIA 
 
 
 
 
 LUCANI 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Latter part of Third Century B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 124- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur.; behind, spear- 
 head ; border of dots. 
 
 AYK[I] ANUN Eagle 1., with head 
 turned back, and wings open ; in field 
 1., woK's head r., upwards; border of 
 dots. 
 
 
 
 
 HERACLEA 
 
 
 
 
 Heraclea, which icas intended to he a hnlwarh against the Lncanians, was founded 
 circa 432 B.C. hij Tarentum and Thurium, Dorian and Ionian unitinrj against the 
 common foe. Its coinage should be compared icith that of these two cities. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 432—380 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Diobols 
 
 1 
 
 15-G 
 
 M -55 
 
 Head of bearded Heraklea r., in lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., in liou'is skin. 
 
 H E Lion running r. ; line of ex., dotted. 
 H E Lion running r. ; line of ex., plain. 
 
 2 
 
 18-5 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 15-6 
 
 M -5 
 
 type 1. 
 
 type 1. 
 
 4* 
 
 18-2 
 
 M -5 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Athenian helmet, on which sea-horse. 
 
 * No. 4 belongs by type rather to the auecccc 
 inscription. 
 
 HE Herakles, naked, kneeling r. and 
 strangling lion. 
 
 ling period. It is placed here on account of its 
 
86 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 380—281 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 D idrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Full Tarentine Weight* 
 
 
 
 
 Tlic appeavancc of the Corinthian helmet before the close of this period is perhaps due 
 to the success of Timoleon. See under Syracuse (345 — 317 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Atlieiiian helmet. 
 
 Herakles, naked, towards r., strangling 
 lion with both hands. 
 
 5 
 
 
 M pi. -8 
 
 much worn. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 6 
 
 119-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 Similar type, with earring and necklace ; 
 on helmet, Skylla holding rudder over 
 1. shoulder. 
 
 J-HPAKAHinN (in field 1.) Similar 
 type; behind, club with cord attached, 
 and pecten-shell. 
 
 7 
 
 118-6 
 
 ^•85 
 
 Similar type ; but Skylla hurls rock ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [I-HPAKA] HinN Similartype; 
 behind Herakles, club ; between his legs, 
 one-handled vase 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 9.] 
 
 8 
 
 121-3 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Pallas, three-quarter face towards 
 r., wearing triple-crested helmet and 
 necklace. 
 
 |-HPAKA[H] IflN Herakles, naked, 
 standing facing, strangling lion with 1. 
 
 r. hand, off coin. 
 
 9 
 
 119-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Athenian helmet, on 
 which, Skylla hui-ling rock ; flap of 
 helmet ornamented ; in front, K '^ 
 
 [Plate 
 
 hHPAKAHin N Head of Pallas r., 
 wearing necklace, eai-ring, and crested 
 Corinthian helmet, on M'hich Skylla 
 hurling rock ; behind head, letter. 
 
 Herakles, naked, standing facing, his r. 
 resting on club, while he holds bow in 
 1. ; over 1. arm, lion's skin ; in field 1., 
 Nike crowning Herakles, and AA ; in 
 field r., $ 
 
 VI. 10.] 
 
 Herakles, as above ; over r. shoulder, 
 strap supporting quiver (or lion's skin ?) ; 
 in field 1., API$ ; above r. hand, 
 owl r. 
 
 10 
 
 116-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind head, E 
 
 
 11 
 
 120-5 
 
 JR -9 
 
 letter behind, doubtful ; border of dots. 
 
 * See 
 
 two arrows visible in 1. 
 p. G4. 
 
HERACLEA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 12 
 
 116-1 
 
 JR. -9 
 
 13 
 
 99-5 
 
 ^•85 
 
 14 
 
 1004 
 
 M -8 
 
 15 
 
 99-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 IG 
 
 102'1 
 
 ^•85 
 
 89-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 hHPAKAHinN Similar type; behind 
 head, K ; border of dots. 
 
 hHPAKAHinN (in field r.)_ Similar 
 ' type ; one arrow visible in 1. ; in field 1., 
 AG) A, and one-handled vase 1. 
 
 Circa 281—268 B.C. 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Eeduced Weight 
 
 The fall in weight at Heraclea was doubtless closely connected urith that at Tarenium, 
 althovgh the two events may nokhave been contemporaneous. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Corinthian helmet, plain ; above, AAE; 
 behind, EY ; beneath, I 
 
 [|-HP]AKAEinN Head of Pallas 1., 
 wearing crested Corinthian helmet, on 
 which sea-horse. 
 
 [l-H]PAKAEinN 
 
 behind, HH 
 
 Similar type r. 
 
 Similar tyjDe, with earring and necklace ; 
 but on helmet, Skylla hurling rock ; 
 behind, HA ; on flap of helmet, I 
 
 |-HPAKA[HinN]infieldr. Herakles, 
 naked, standing facing, holding club 
 downwai'ds in r. ; in 1., strung bow; 
 over 1. arm, lion's skin; in field 1., owl 
 flying r. 
 
 Herakles, naked, standing r., his r. rest- 
 ing on club r., his 1. holding lion's skin ; 
 in field 1., [<t>]IAO; in field r., traces 
 of Nike flying 1. 
 
 Herakles, naked, wreathed, standing 1. 
 over altar ; he holds one-handled vase 
 in extended r., and club in 1.; over 1. 
 arm, lion's skin; in field r., thunderbolt. 
 
 hHPAKAHl (m field 1.) Herakles, 
 naked, facing, head r., crowning himself 
 with r. ; in 1., club resting on ground ; 
 over 1. arm, lion's skin, which falls over 
 1. shoulder, one end hanging behind, 
 the whole suspended by strap passing 
 over r. shoulder ; in field 1., aplustre ; 
 
 r., <t>iAn 
 
 [Plate vi. 11,] 
 
 Beonze 
 Circa ,330—200 B.C. 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., bound with wi'eath 
 of corn ; border of dots. 
 
 [HHPAKAE I 
 
 leaves. 
 
 Ear of barley, with 
 
LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 18 
 19 
 
 20 
 21 
 
 101-5 
 117- 
 
 61- 
 30- 
 
 124-4 
 
 99- 
 
 M 
 
 JE -7 
 ■M -55 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 25- 
 
 39-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 JE -G 
 
 H PAKAEinN (in ex.) Two figures of 
 Herakles 1., each holding patera in r. , 
 and vyith 1., club over shoulder, and 
 lion's skin. 
 
 Pallas sacrificing 1. at flaming altar ; she 
 w^ears long chiton with diploidion, and 
 helmet ; holds patera in r., and leans 
 on spear with 1. ; behind, shield, and 
 torch with cross-pieces. 
 
 I-HPA 
 KAE IflN Herakles, naked, standing 
 r., holding patera in r., and with 1., 
 club over shoulder, and lion's skin. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested helmet. 
 
 behind, bow-case, 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 LAUS 
 
 Lmts icas an ancient colony of Sybaris. Its earliest coins [circa 550 — 500 B.C.) show 
 that it loas a ntenihcr of the Achaean Monetary Confederation, for which see Metapontum. 
 
 Silver 
 Achaean Standard 
 
 Stater 
 Circa 500—450 B.C. 
 
 In 510 B.C. Laiis received an accession of strength in the shape of a number of refugees 
 
 from the destruction of Sybnrit. 
 
 ^ AA Man-headed bull 1., looking back ; 
 in ex., acorn r. ; line of ex., dotted ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ^ AA Man -headed bull r., with uncertain 
 object on its back ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate vi. 12.] 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 400—350? B.C. 
 
 Female head r. ; border of dots, 
 much worn. 
 
 Head of goddess, facing, wearing earrings 
 and hair in knot at top ; border of dots. 
 
 traces of letters ? 
 
 AAINHN Crowr. 
 
 Two crows pas-sing one another in opposite 
 directions ; in field 1., OY ; in field r., 
 
 YS 
 
 (beneath the crows are traces of what may- 
 have been a cicada 1. ; but the marks are 
 perhaps due to a flaw in the die.) 
 
 [Plate vi. 13.] 
 
LAUS— METAPONTUM 
 
 89 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 119-9 
 
 123-5 
 123-9 
 
 112-4 
 
 lir,-6 
 
 171 
 
 191 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 M 1-1 
 /R 11 
 
 /R -S 
 
 M -8 
 
 39-4 M -7 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -5 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 METAPONTUM 
 
 Silver 
 
 Circa 550—480 B.C. 
 
 Metapontvm was a colony of Sybaris. In the sixtli century B.C. it united with other 
 Achaean cities (Latts, Sybaris, Caulonia, Croton, etc.) in strila'ng coins of a 'peculiar 
 fabric, on a standard of 126 grains, the stater being subdivided, as at Corinth, by 
 
 three and by six* 
 
 Staters 
 
 A\ ET (in field 1.) Ear of barley ; plain 
 border ; outside of which, border of 
 large dots. 
 
 Similar type; border of dots on raised 
 band, edges of which defined by lines. 
 
 '^ETfCI (in field r.) 
 A^ETp\ (infield r.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A\ET (in field r.) Same type as obv., 
 incuse ; border of incuse oblongs. 
 
 Similar type, incuse ; incuse border of 
 radiating lines. 
 
 (Nos. 1 — 3 are of thin, spread fabric.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AT3 M (in field r.) ; in field 1., uncertain 
 symbol. 
 
 (No. 4 is a restruck coin.) 
 
 [Plate vi. 14.] 
 
 A^ETA (in field 1.); border doubtful; 
 much woi-n. 
 
 Third 
 
 /V\ ETA (in field r.) Similar type ; 
 
 border of dots on raised band. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Sixths 
 
 MET Similar type ; border of dots, 
 inscr., in field r. 
 
 Bucranium, incuse. 
 
 border doubtful. 
 [Plate vi. 15.] 
 
 inscr., in field 1. 
 
 type varied ; incuse border of radiating 
 lines. 
 
 * Tarentum conformed to this coinage as regards fabric and also as regards the weight of the 
 stater ; Poseidonia, Rhegium, and Messana (Zancle) conformed as regards fabric only. 
 
 N 
 
90 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 119-7 
 
 112-3 
 
 117-3 
 
 118-9 
 
 119-7 
 
 118-7 
 
 120- 
 
 yR -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 yR -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 /R -95 
 
 ^•85 
 
 112- 
 
 M pi. -9 
 
 M -85 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 The ahnndance of the coinage, as well as the peaceful character of the types, indicates 
 that this icas for Metapontum an era of prosperous development. 
 
 Staters 
 
 Female head 1., wearing spliendone, ear- 
 ring, and necklace ; behind, ear of 
 barley ; plain border. 
 
 Similar head ; plain border. 
 
 META (in field 1.; letters formed of 
 dots.) Ear of barley, with leaf r. 
 
 META (in field r.) Ear of barley; in 
 field 1., nim-ex-shell. 
 
 [B.M.G., p. 24G (71).] 
 
 Similar head r. ; same border. 
 
 Female head 1., hair rolled behind, wear- 
 ing earring and necklace; border of 
 dots. 
 
 A\E (upwards, in field r.) TA (down- 
 wards, in field 1.) Ear of barley ; 
 plain border. 
 
 /V\E'y[A] (on raised label, in field 1.) 
 Ear of barley, with leaf r. ; in field r., 
 
 I-HP 
 
 [Plate vi. 16.] 
 
 same die. 
 
 Female head r., wearing earring ; haii- 
 waved and bojind with double fillet, 
 crossed. 
 
 Similar head, without eai-ring. 
 
 Female head r., wearing necklace; hair 
 Ijound with double fillet, crossed, scarcely 
 separated behind; beneath neck, wavy 
 double line. 
 
 inscr., off coin. 
 
 A\ETA (in field r.) Ear of barley; 
 plain border. 
 
 /^ET[A] (in field r.) Ear of barley, 
 with leaf 1. 
 
 SET (in field 1.) Ear of bariey, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 [Plate vi. 17.] 
 
 Female head r., wearing necklace and 
 eari-ing ; hair wavy. 
 
 [AA]ET (in field 1.) Similar type. 
 
 t 
 
METAPONTUM 
 
 91 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveesk 
 
 Reverse 
 
 18 
 
 118- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Female head 1., wearing necklace ; liair 
 bound witb. wreath of coi-n, from which 
 hang down in front, an ear of barley, 
 and behind, a leaf. 
 
 A* ETA (in field 1.) Ear of barley ; in 
 field r., insect resembling mantis. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 18.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; in front, EAEY 
 OEPI[0$]; behind, A; border of dots ? 
 
 AAET[A] (in field r.) Ear of barley, 
 with leaf 1. ; above leaf, oinochoii r. ; 
 beneath, A 
 
 I'J 
 
 119-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur., hair very curly ; 
 traces of letters on edge of neck. 
 
 META (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 20 
 
 122- 
 
 Al -75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sixth 
 
 21 
 
 121 
 
 M -45 
 
 Young male head 1., with ram's horn. 
 
 M ETA (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 350—330 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In this period, or possiblij earlier {see No. 27), Metapontum abandoned the 
 Corinthian system of dividing the stater by three and by six. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 22 
 
 126- 
 
 iH -9 
 
 Bearded head of mythical founder Leuk- 
 ippos r., wearing crested Corinthian 
 helmet, bound with Avreath ; behind, 
 Al 
 
 AAETA (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; above leaf, triquetra of legs ; 
 beneath, <|>| 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 19.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar head ; helmet without crest or 
 wreath ; behmd, lion's head r. 
 
 Al ETA (in field r.) Ear of barley, with 
 * leaf 1. ; above leaf, club downwards ; 
 beneath, AMI 
 
 23 
 
 121-8 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 120-2 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar head ; behind, dog seated 1., with 
 fore-jjaw raised ; beneath, § 
 
 part of symbol and of legend, off coin. 
 
 META (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; above leaf, dove with wings 
 openr.; beneath, AM[I] 
 
 25 
 
 122-5 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 in front, [AEYKI]rrOS 
 
 (symbol, almost off coin.) 
 
 2r> 
 
 119-9 
 
 yR -8 
 
 in front, traces of legend. 
 
 r\ 
 
 N 2 
 
92 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Half-Stater 
 
 27 
 
 52-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 A\ETA (in field r.) Ear of barley; 
 cable border. 
 
 Apollo, facing, head turned to r. ; hair 
 tied in knot behind, r. hand resting on 
 hip, left holding strung bow ; all within 
 laurel- wreath. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 20.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 330—300 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Unlike Tarcnfum, Heraclea, and Thurium, Metapontum struck no silver of 'reduced^ 
 
 loeigld. It must, therefore, have ceased to coin silver before the fall took place. 
 
 Probably the Lucanians had captured it. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 28 
 
 120-4 
 
 JR -8 
 
 Head of Demeter (or Persephone?) r., 
 wearing earring, necklace, and wreath 
 of barley with ears ; haii' hanging down, 
 and visible in front of neck ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 META (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 above leaf, star of sixteen rays. 
 
 29 
 
 119G 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 above leaf, Nike 1., holding with both 
 hands the ends of an untied wreath ; 
 in field 1., close to stalk, AY 
 
 30 
 
 118-9 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 above leaf, plough r.; beneath, AAA[N] 
 
 31 
 
 121-6 
 
 M -85 
 
 in front, AAI 
 Similar; but type 1. 
 
 ., M[AN] 
 
 Similar ; but inscr. r., leaf 1. 
 
 32 
 
 119-7 
 
 M -8 
 
 * 
 
 no symbol or legend visible. 
 
 33 
 
 119- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 above leaf, tongs ; beneath, AOA 
 
 34 
 
 
 .41 pi. -85 
 
 
 as preceding, but A\ inverted. 
 
 35 
 
 121-7 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 above leaf, Artemis running r., holding 
 torch with both hands. 
 
 36 
 
 119-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 above leaf, griffin running r.; beneath, AY 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 21.] 
 
 37 
 
 121-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 above leaf, agricultural fork; beneath, A A 
 
 38 
 
 118-4 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 behind head, K 
 
 above leaf, crab ; beneath, APXIP 
 
 39 
 
 118-2 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 in front, traces of letters. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 above leaf, flaming altar ; on r. of stalk, 
 YAi- 
 
 VI. 22.] 
 
METAPONTUM 
 
 93 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type r., but hair does 'not appear 
 in front of neck ; behind, A I 
 
 META (in field r.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf 1. 
 
 40 
 
 118-7 
 
 Ai -85 
 
 (no ean-ing visible.) 
 
 above leaf, amphora ; beneath, uncertain 
 letters. 
 
 41 
 
 121-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 no letters behind. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 above leaf, satyi' r., playing syrinx, 
 
 VI. 23.] 
 
 42 
 
 116-3 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar head ; behind, A 
 
 Similar; but inscr. 1., leaf r. ; above leaf, 
 two amphorae ; beneath, <J)| 
 
 43 
 
 121- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar head 1. ; in front, uncertain 
 letters (A H A M ? ?)• 
 
 Traces of inscr. (in field r.) Ear of barley, 
 with leaf 1. ; between ear and leaf, agri- 
 cultural fork ; beneath leaf, A 
 
 44 
 
 120-9 
 
 JR -85 
 
 Head of Demeter (or Persephone?) 1., 
 hair rolled behind ; she wears earring, 
 necklace, and wreath of bai'ley with 
 ears ; border of dots. 
 
 AA ET (in field r.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; in field 1., caduceus ; between 
 which and ear, AY 
 
 45 
 
 112-6 
 
 /R -8 
 
 Similar type r. ; head larger ; no earring 
 or necklace ; behind, § 
 
 [Plate 
 
 AAETA (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf 1. ; in field r., ant. 
 
 VI. 24.] 
 
 46 
 
 115-6 
 
 M -8 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 47 
 
 118-6 
 
 M-8 
 
 Female head r. ; hair turned up behind, 
 and bound with naiTow diadem ; ear- 
 ring, and necklace. 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 
 
 [A\]ETArONTINr2 on raised label 
 (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with leaf r. ; 
 above leaf, and attached to it by chin- 
 strap, helmet without crest. 
 
 254 (126).] 
 
 48 
 
 116-3 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 Female head r., wearing sphendone, ear- 
 ring, and necklace. 
 
 [A\] ETA TON (in field 1.) Ear of 
 barley, with leaf r. ; above leaf, laurel- 
 leaf. 
 
 49 
 
 115-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar head ; behind, KPI ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 METAP (in field 1.) Ear of barley. 
 
 50 
 
 120-1 
 
 M -8 
 
 Female head r., wearing earring and neck- 
 lace ; hair bound with foiu- parallel 
 fillets, highest tying knot. 
 
 METAP (in field 1.) Ear of bariey, 
 with leaf r. ; above leaf, A 
 
94 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Half -Staters 
 
 51 
 
 47'G 
 
 /R -65 
 
 Head of Pallas (or Roma?) r., wearing 
 earring, and crested helmet, winged, 
 and ornamented above wing and on 
 flap. 
 
 Similar head ; no earring ; ornamentation 
 of helmet different. 
 
 • 
 Ear of barley, with leaf on either side ; in 
 field r., club downwards; in field 1., 
 
 A 
 
 Ear of barley, with leaf r. ; above leaf, 
 club downwards ; in field 1., /^ 
 
 52 
 
 47-5 
 
 yll-6o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Diobols 
 
 53 
 
 14-4 
 
 JR -5 
 
 Head of Persephone r., hair long, Avearing 
 wreath of barley, earring, and necklace. 
 
 META (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; above leaf, plough r. ; beneath, 
 
 r 
 
 54 
 
 14-6 
 
 ^•55 
 
 Head of Pallas r., weaving Corinthian 
 helmet without crest. 
 
 Similar ; but above leaf, cornucopiae ; no 
 letter. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 212—207 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 At Mctajjonfum, as at Tarentnm, there appears to hare been a reriral of monetary 
 activity during the Hannibulic oecupiation. See ]). 79. 
 
 55 
 
 61-9 
 
 Al -8 
 
 Head of Pallas r., in crested Corinthian 
 helmet ; of late style. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 A\ ETA (ill field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; above leaf, owl with wings 
 open r. 
 
 VI. 25.] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 350—272 B.C. 
 
 56 
 
 102- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 Hermes staiiding 1., wearing petasos and 
 chlamys, holding caduceus in 1. hand ; 
 r. arm extended over altar ? ; in field 
 r., cix'cle; border of dots. 
 
 /V\ (in field r.) Ear of ])arley, with leaf 
 r. ; in field 1., OBOAO[^] 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vi. 26.] 
 
 57 
 
 112-2 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head cif Nike r. ; back hair turned under ; 
 she wears earring and necklace ; behind, 
 O ; beneath head, traces of N 1 KA 
 
 /vy (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. ; in field 1., ithyphallic term of 
 Hei'mes r. 
 
METAPONTUM 
 
 95 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 SiZF 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reveese 
 
 58 
 
 69 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 66 
 
 128-4 ■ 
 
 M -8 
 
 42- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 51- 
 
 39- 
 
 M -7 
 
 JE -65 
 
 34-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 51-6 
 
 M '55 
 
 29- 
 
 M -5 
 
 34- 
 
 M -55 
 
 27- 
 
 M -45 
 
 67 19- 
 
 M -4 
 
 Similar head, without earring or neck- 
 lace ; no letters visible. 
 
 A\ E Similar. 
 
 Head of young Herakles in lion's skin r. 
 
 Biist of Pallas facing, wearing helmet 
 with triple crest ; dress fastened with 
 clasp at neck. 
 
 Female head 1., wearing laurel-wreath. 
 
 Heads of the Dioskouroi r., each weai'ing 
 wreathed pilos. 
 
 A\ETA (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 Similar ; but above leaf, torch with cross- 
 pieces. 
 
 META (in field r.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf l.j in field r., tripod. 
 
 ME TA Three barleycorns, arranged 
 starwise ; between which, letters of 
 inscription, and star of eight rays. 
 
 [Plate vi. 27.] 
 
 Bust of Helios, full face, radiate. 
 
 Bust of Hermes r., wearing large petasos 
 with small wings ; drapery about neck. 
 
 Head of Demeter (or Persephone ?) r., 
 hair rolled and bound with wreath of 
 barley ; she wears earring and necklace. 
 
 Head of Seilenos r., wearing wreath of 
 ivy. 
 
 Young male head r., with ram's horn. 
 
 AA E Three barleycorns arranged star- 
 wise ; betvreen which, letters of inscrip- 
 tion, and lighted torch. 
 
 Similar ; but, instead of torch, agri- 
 cultural fork. 
 
 META (in field 1.) Ear of barley, with 
 leaf r. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAET (in field 1.) Similar type; above 
 leaf, uncertain symbol. 
 
90 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 llG-4 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 113-4 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 45-1 
 
 M -8 
 
 56-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 POSEIDONIA 
 
 Silver 
 
 Circa 540—480 B.C. 
 
 Poseidonia loas a colony from Sijhnris. Its earliest coins are of the same fabric as 
 
 those of the Achaean Monetary Confederation ; in icei(jht and method of division, 
 
 hoiceccr, they follow the system introduced by the founders of Velia (q.v.). 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Didrachius 
 
 MOP Poseidon, advancing r., hair tied 
 in knot behind and faUing in formal 
 curls over r. shoulder; he wears chlamjs, 
 ornamented and having pointed ends, 
 falling over both shoulders, and strikes 
 with ornamented trident in r. ; 1. arm 
 extended ; cable border, with dots 
 enclosed. ., 
 
 n O A\ Similar figure, without curls ; 
 trident and chlamys plain, but latter 
 with ends divided ; Poseidon gi'asps in 
 1. a cuttle-fish ; same border. 
 
 AAOn Same figure as on obv., but seen 
 from other side, incuse 1. ; hair falling 
 down ; chlamys plain ; trident barely 
 visible; wreath border. 
 
 A\On Similar type; ends of chlamys 
 square; no trident visible; same border. 
 
 [Plate vii. 1.] 
 
 Drachms 
 
 MOT Poseidon, advancing r., hair 
 
 falling in formal curls ; he wears 
 chlamys, with pointed ends, falling over 
 both shoulders, and strikes with trident 
 in r. ; 1. arm extended ; in front, water- 
 snake r. ; double border of dots. 
 
 nOAA Similar type; hair in knot; 
 ends of chlamys square ; no symbol ; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 MOT Similar type, with trident ; ends 
 of chlamys pointed ; same border. 
 
 MOT Similar type; ends of chlamys 
 square ; trident greatly exaggei'ated in 
 size ; same border. 
 
POSEIDONIA 
 
 97 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Kevebse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 480—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Earh/ in the fifth centuri/ B.C. Poseidonia adopted the Achaean system of iveight and 
 of division. About a hundred years later it was captured by the Lii.canians, tcho 
 
 changed its name to Faestnm. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 5 
 
 124-2 
 
 jR -75 
 
 ^3 Mot Poseidon advancing r., striking 
 with trident held in r. ; 1. arm extended ; 
 chlamys with pointed ends falls over 
 both shoulders. 
 
 ro/V\E^ Similar. 
 
 53A\on Bull 1., in circular incase. 
 Similar. 
 
 6 
 
 121-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 ^ in inscr. 
 
 7 
 
 120- 
 
 A\ -75 
 
 trident larger than usual ; ^, off coin. 
 
 ^, off coin. 
 
 8 
 
 120-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 POME^ Similar; but chlamys with 
 divided ends ; border of dots. 
 
 POME^ Similar. 
 
 9 
 
 106-7* 
 
 ^-75 
 
 ^3A\On Similar type ; ends of chlamys 
 .square ; line of ex., dotted ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 ^3AAOn Bull 1., in circular incuse; 
 line of ex., dotted. 
 
 VII. 2.] 
 
 10 
 
 123- 
 
 M -7 
 
 rOAAE^ Similar type ; line of ex., 
 plain ; behind, A\ and uncertain symbol. 
 
 ^3AAOn Bull r., in circular incuse. 
 
 11 
 
 123- 
 
 M -8 
 
 ^3A\On Similar type; line of ex., 
 dotted ; double plain border, within 
 which a border of dots. 
 
 <d^3Mon Bull 1. 
 
 12 
 
 118-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 POME^ Similar type; ends of chlamys 
 divided. 
 
 A<^3AAO[n] Similar type; line of ex. 
 double. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 12 is a restruck coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vii. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 * The specific gravity is 10'4, so t 
 
 lere can be no question of plating. 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
98 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 23 
 
 114-3 
 
 19-9 
 18-9 
 19-7 
 
 20-2 
 16-9 
 
 13-5 
 
 9-1 
 
 27- 
 
 21- 
 
 25-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -4 
 M -4 
 M -4 
 
 M -45 
 M -5 
 
 JR -55 
 
 ^R -35 
 
 JE -5 
 
 M -5 
 M -55 
 
 POSEIAAN Similar type; ends of 
 clilainys poiuted ; in fi'ont, dolpliin 
 downwards. 
 
 Bull 1., in c^rcl^lar incnse ; line of ex., 
 double. 
 
 no inscr. legible. 
 
 Sixths 
 
 Similar type ; ends of clilamys divided. 
 
 A\on 
 roA\ 
 
 MOT Similar type ; behind, sprig of 
 olive with leaf and fruit. 
 
 Inscr. uncertain. Similar type ; behind, 
 branch (of olive ?) ; border of dots. 
 
 Bull r., in cii'cular incuse. 
 
 roA\ 
 
 ,, in ex., 1^ 
 A\On ; type 1.; nothing visible in ex. 
 
 Bull 1.; in ex., barleycorn. 
 
 AAOn 
 
 3Mon 
 
 Traces of inscr. Bull r. ; in ex., dolphin r. 
 
 Twelfth 
 
 /V\on Sunilar type ; no symbol ; border AAOT Similar to obverse. 
 of small squares. 
 
 [Plate vii. 4.] 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 480—400 B.C. 
 
 M . . Poseidon, advancing r., sti-iking 
 with trident held in r. ; 1. ai-m extended ; 
 chlamys with pointed ends falls over 
 both shoulders ; plain border. 
 
 Similar type ; behind, dolphin downwards, 
 
 traces of inscr. ; border of dots. 
 
 no traces of inscr. ; ends of chlamys 
 divided ; border uncertain. 
 
 MOT Bull butting 1.; beneath, cuttle- 
 fish; all in circular incuse. 
 
 nO^EI Similar type; same .symbol. 
 
POSEIDONIA— PABSTUM 
 
 99 
 
 I 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 24 
 
 29-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 fO^E Similar type ; left knee bent 
 forward. 
 
 Similar type ; 1. knee straight. 
 
 Bull butting r. ; above, caduceus r. ; 
 beneath bull, EY 
 
 Bull butting r. ; above, dolphin r. 
 
 2.5 
 
 89-5 
 
 ^•65 
 
 inscr. uncertain. 
 
 Similar type ; ends of clilamys squai'e. 
 
 Bull r. ; above, uncertain symbol (Nilce 
 flying r. '?) 
 
 2G 
 
 30- 
 
 jE -6 
 
 Similar type ; plain border. 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 no^EI Bull r. 
 
 27 
 
 18-5 
 
 jE -55 
 
 behind, traces of letters ? 
 
 Poseidon advancing r., naked, striking 
 witli trident held in r. ; 1. arm extended ; 
 behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 Bull advancing 1. ; above, dolphin 1. ; 
 underneath bull, P 
 
 28 
 
 37-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vii. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 PAESTUM 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300—268 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 It is uncertain ichefher Facstum sfruclc any coins before it loas made a ' colonia ' 
 by the Eomans {circa 273 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., laureated ; behind, 
 dolphin downwards ; border of dots. 
 
 PAI^XANO Winged Eros on dolphin 
 1., holding wreath and trident. 
 
 1 
 
 97-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 symbol obscure. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 VII. 6.] 
 
 2 
 
 109- 
 
 /E -8 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 2 
 
100 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 91-8 
 
 82-5 
 74-7 
 77-5 
 57-1 
 41-6 
 
 47- 
 47-8 
 
 73- 
 
 57-6 
 39-5 
 
 G7-9 
 58-2 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -GS 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -G 
 M -GS 
 
 Circa 268—89 B.C. 
 
 Semis 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., lam-eated ; behind, 
 5 ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 PA 19 Trident; in field 1., C; in 
 field r., Q 
 
 Trientes 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., -wearing 
 wreath of vine-leaves and grapes ; 
 behind, • ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PAIS Cornucopiae ; in field L, • and 
 sjTabol ; plain border. J 
 
 aplustre, or j^alm-branch ? 
 
 caduceus. 
 
 ear of barley, 
 
 PAIS Cornucopiae; in field r., • and 
 
 QNA : 
 
 [Plate vii. 7.] 
 
 Gua dr ante s 
 
 M 
 
 •65 
 
 M 
 
 •G5 
 
 M 
 
 •6 
 
 
 « 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 M 
 
 •G5 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., diademed; behind, 
 border of dots. 
 
 P A 1 9 Dolphin r. ; above, • • • ; plain 
 border. 
 
 beneath dolphin, small fish r. ? 
 ,, ,, ear of barley r. 
 
 Sext antes 
 
 Head of Demeter (or Persephone ?) r., 
 wearing wreath of barley ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 r Al 9 Forepart of wild boar at bay r. ; 
 plain border, 
 
 inscr. above ; beneath, • • 
 
 • • , above ; beneath, traces of inscr. 
 
PAESTUM 
 
 101 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 37-4 
 
 53-8 
 
 43-3 
 
 30-4 
 29-8 
 
 92- 
 
 90-5 
 
 37-8 
 
 Similar head ; behind, • ; boi'der of dot.s. 
 
 M 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -65 
 M -55 
 
 M -7.5 
 M -7 
 
 M -6 
 
 24 
 
 45- 
 
 M -55 
 
 PA 19 Forepart of wild boar running 
 r. ; beneath, •• ; plain border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar head ; border of dots. 
 
 behind head, • visible. 
 
 nAI9 Wild boar running r. 
 
 beneath, horn of a goat, and •• ; plain 
 border. 
 
 [Plate vii. 8.] 
 
 I instead of horn, QV\ ; border of dots. 
 
 Se scun c i ae 
 
 PAIS" Wolf galloping r. ; above, •$; 
 plain border. 
 
 First Century B.C. 
 
 Paesfum was the only provincial town in Italy permitted to strike money after the 
 passing of the Lex Plautia Pupiria. 
 
 Semisses 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., laiir. ; behind, ^ 
 and trident ; border of dots. 
 
 9 in fi'ont, instead of behind. 
 
 PA ES Anclior and rudder crossed ; in 
 field 1., /^ I ; border of dots. 
 
 (S, off coin) 
 
 Tr iens 
 
 Lion r., open-mouthed, and with tail 
 erect; line of ex., dotted; border of 
 dots. 
 
 PAES (letters formed of dots) Coniu- 
 copiae ; in field 1., pilos of Dioskouros, 
 sunnounted by star; in field r., * 
 
 Before circa 31 A.D. 
 The names are those of local magistrates. 
 
 Semisses 
 
 Type obliterated. 
 
 |_ . F /^ Two right hands clasped ; plain 
 border. 
 
102 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 25 
 
 69- 
 
 M -65 
 
 PAE (in ex.) Wild boar at bay r. ; in 
 his neck, javelin ; beneath him, ^ 
 
 L • ARTVE above which, lituus and 
 ]COMI ui-ceus. 
 
 [ ] 
 
 2G 
 
 60 2 
 
 JE -65 
 
 Similar. 
 
 L • ARTV 
 C COAAI 
 
 n viR 
 
 27 
 
 86-5 
 
 M -G 
 
 PAE QVI Side of a temple with six 
 columns ; in field r., ^ ; border of dots. 
 
 CN COR 
 
 M • TVC within wreath. 
 PATR 
 
 28 
 
 40-3 
 
 M -55 
 
 Urceus ; in field 1., branch; in field r., 
 sacrificial knife?; border of dots. 
 
 P/E. Anchor; in field r., ^ ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vii. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 Sextants s 
 
 29 
 
 46- 
 
 JE -5 
 
 Heads of the Dioskouroi r., each weai-ing 
 pilos laui-. and surmounted by star; 
 all within wreath. 
 
 Head of Ai'temis r., hair in knot ; behind 
 head, • • ; in fx'ont, uncertain letters ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 L EX Ear of corn ; beneath, • • ; border 
 XXXX uncertain. 
 
 p/t. Pig !'•; i" ex., •• ; border of 
 
 dots. 
 
 30 
 
 35-9 
 
 M -5 
 
 P N _-? 
 
 
 
 
 
 SYBARIS 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Before 510 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Sijharts, a member of (lie Acliaean Monctarij Confederation, was in tie sixth century B.C. 
 
 the largest and richest city in the Hellenic world. It loas destroyed by 
 
 the Crotoniates in 510 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 1 
 
 122-3 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 VM (in ex.) Bull standing 1., on dotted 
 bar, tui'ning liis head round and biting 
 his back ; dotted cable border. 
 
 Same type as on obverse, incuse and 
 reversed ; incuse boi'der of dots. 
 
 2 
 
 135-9 
 
 .'R 1-15 
 
 YA\ (above) Similar type ; same border. 
 
 [Plaxl- 
 
 Similar, but incuse deeper ; bull stands 
 on double bar of short lines. 
 
 VII. lU.] 
 
 4 
 
PAESTUM— THURIUM 
 
 103 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 o 
 
 122-4 
 
 /R 115 
 
 A\V (in ex.) Similar type ; border of 
 dots on band. 
 
 MV (above) Similar type ; bull stands 
 on a single bar of sloping lines ; wreath 
 border. 
 
 
 
 
 Third 
 
 4 
 
 29-6 
 
 yR -7 
 
 Bull standing 1. on dotted bar, turning 
 i-ound as above ; dotted cable border. 
 
 no inscr. visible ; mucli worn. 
 
 Same type as on obverse, biit incuse and 
 reversed ; bull stands on double line of 
 incuse squares ; border of incuse squares. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 453—448 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 During tliis j^eriod the Suharitrs in vain attempted to restore tlieir city. Tliey had the 
 asuistance of ruscidonia. (Cf. the Obv. type of the foUowiiuj coins^ 
 
 
 
 
 Sixths? 
 
 5 
 
 24-8 
 
 ^•45 
 
 Poseidon advancing r., striking with 
 trident held in r. ; 1. arm extended ; 
 chlamys with divided ends falls over 
 both shoulders ; border of dots. 
 
 V A\ Bull r. ; line of ex., double. 
 
 6 
 
 17-4 
 
 yR -5 
 
 Similar ; chlamys ends in tassels ; line 
 of ex., dotted. 
 
 A9VA\ Similar; but lines of ex., 
 dotted. 
 
 7 
 
 14-6 
 
 /R -5 
 
 [Plate i 
 
 ril. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 THURIUM 
 
 
 
 
 TJie expatriated Sybarites appealed to AthcHS to help them, and in 443 B.C. the 
 Athenians founded Thuriim in lohat had been the territory of Sybaris. This settle- 
 ment was intended to be an outpost of Ionian influence in the West. In all 
 probability it was from there that the type of the head of Pallas wearing an Athenian 
 helmet found its way into Velia, Heraclea, Neapolis, Hyria, etc. The Thurians 
 adopted the Achaean monetary system. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 440—420 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 1 
 
 114-8 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet adoi-ned with olive-wreath. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 0OYPIf2[N] Bull, with head down, 
 advancing 1.; in ex., tunny-fish 1. 
 
 VII. 12.] 
 
104 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 2 
 
 116-6 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar ; head lai'ger. 
 
 [0]OYPin/V/ Bull as above, but r. ; 
 between his forelegs, A ; in ex. , tunny- 
 fish r. 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 drcn 420—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 State rs 
 
 3 
 
 
 i?lpl.-85 
 
 Similar ; head smaller. 
 Similar. 
 
 OOYPI Similar ; no letter. 
 
 Bull, with r. fore-foot raised, advancing 
 r. ; in ex., tunny-fish r. 
 
 4 
 
 118-2 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vii. 13.] 
 
 5 
 
 120- 
 
 JR -8 
 
 Similar ; but in olive- wreatli, ivy-leaf. 
 
 0OYPin[N] Bull, with head lowered, 
 advancing r. on dotted bar ; in ex., ' 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 6 
 
 117-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 much worn. 
 
 
 7 
 
 1191 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type r. ; on helmet, sea-horse with 
 curled wing; ends of hair gathered 
 into bunch ; behind, H 
 
 [0]OYMn/\/ Similar type 1.; beneath, 
 piles; in ex., tunny-fish 1.; line of ex., 
 plain. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vii. 14.] 
 
 8 
 
 115-7 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type ; on helmet, running griffin ; 
 ends of hair loose. 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type r. ; nothing 
 beneath bull ; in ex., same symbol r. 
 
 9 
 
 115-8 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type ; on helmet, wreath of olive ; 
 in front of forehead, F 
 
 OOYPin/V/ Bull, mth head lowered, 
 advancing 1. ; beneath bull, F; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 10 
 
 128- 
 
 JR -9 
 
 Similar ; no letter. 
 
 QOYPIilA/ Bull, with r. fore-foot 
 raised and tail erect, butting r. ; beneath 
 bull, I; in ex., fish r. ; line of ex., 
 dotted. 
 
 11 
 
 120-3 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but symbol 1. ; no letter beneath 
 bull ; in field r., E 
 
THURIUM 
 
 105 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12 
 
 121-7 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 Similar type ; wreatli varied, with berries ; 
 in front of forehead, <|> 
 
 [Plate 
 Six 
 
 OOYPIflN Bull, with 1. fore-foot 
 i-aised and tail erect, butting 1. ; beneath 
 bull, bird with open wings 1.; in ex., 
 fish r. ; line of ex. , double. 
 
 m. 15.] 
 ths 
 
 13 
 
 17-G 
 
 M -45 
 
 Head of Pallas r., in crested Athenian 
 helmet bound with olive-wreath. 
 
 OOYPinN Bull, with head lowered, 
 walking r. ; in ex., fish r. 
 
 14 
 
 16-7 
 
 M -45 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in front of foi-eliead, A 
 
 GOYPI[nN] Similar type 1.; same 
 symbol 1. 
 
 15 
 
 17-G 
 
 Al -5 
 
 9) -• 11 
 
 
 16 
 
 17-3 
 
 Al -45 
 
 .. B? 
 
 
 17 
 
 16-6 
 
 Al -5 
 
 Similar ; letter uncertain. 
 
 Cirra 400 
 
 Dist 
 
 The inojorifij of flic following spccimena 
 Frohabhj only No. 18 is 
 
 OOYPIIl[N] Smiilar; but tyjie and 
 symbol r. 
 
 —281 B.C. 
 aters 
 
 belong to the latter half of the period, 
 uirlier than circa 350 B.C. 
 
 18 
 
 241-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing necklace and 
 crested Atlienian helmet, on the side of 
 which is a Skylla with 1. hand raised to 
 her head, and on the flap a grifSn. 
 
 [0]OYPin[N] Bull, with r. fore-foot 
 raised and tail erect, butting r. ; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 19 
 
 239-1 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similar tyjie ; ends of hair gathered in 
 bunch ; behind neck, owl ; Skylla holds 
 trident in i'. ; on flap of helmet, EYO 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar type, wilh earring; ends of hair, 
 off coin ; l)ehind head, dolphin v. ; 
 Skylla hurls stone with r. ; flaj) of 
 helmet, ])lain. 
 
 OOYPIHN Similar type; above, tClV , 
 beneath, P{ and bird with open wings 
 r. ; in ex., two tunny-fishes r. 
 
 VII. 16.] 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type ; above bull, 
 $IAA ; in ex., tunny-fish i-. 
 
 •20 
 
 239- 
 
 .11 1- 
 
 no necklace visible. 
 
 
106 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 21 
 
 •22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 241- 
 
 228- 
 
 245- 
 
 242-9 
 
 238-6 
 244-1 
 
 238-9 
 
 241-8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ^R 1-15 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 .R 1-05 
 .R 11 
 
 M 1- 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 Jlpl. -8 
 
 Similar ; ends of liair loose ; nothing 
 beliind head. 
 
 Similar ; ends of hair falling in cnrls. 
 no necklace. 
 
 Similar ; vpithout eaii-ing or necklace ; 
 ends of hair gathei-ed in bunch ; Skylla 
 holds trident in r. 
 
 Similai" tj-pe, with necklace and eari-ing ; 
 ends of hair loose ; Skylla hurls stone 
 ■with r. 
 
 Similar type, without necklace or ear- 
 ring ; ends of hair gathered in bunch. 
 
 Similar type with necklace ; behind neck, 
 5 1 ; in front,, aci-ostolion ? 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing necklace, ear- 
 i-ing, and ci-ested Athenian helmet, on 
 the side of which running griffin ; ends 
 of hair loose. 
 
 Rever.se 
 
 Similar ; but above bull, $| ; in ex., two 
 
 dolphins meeting ; between them, txnpod. 
 
 Similar ; but above bull, EY<I>A ; in ex., 
 two tunny-fishes r. 
 
 Similar; but in ex., thyrsos r. ; line of 
 ex., dotted. 
 
 OOYPinN Similar type; in ex., 
 
 [E]Y <I>P, and owl flying 1., holding 
 wreath; line of ex., j)lain. 
 
 (E obliterated thi-ough fault in die) 
 
 OOYPIIIN Similar type ; in ex., lion's 
 head r., between H and PA 
 
 instead of lion's head, cornucopiae. 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type; above bull, 
 N I ; in ex., coiled sei-jjcnt, advancing r. 
 
 . YPIflN Similar type ; in ex., laurel- 
 bi-anch r., between H P and AK 
 
 [Plate vii. 17.] 
 
 Staters 
 
 Nos. 29 — 44 vrre pvohahh/ hsticd he/ore circa 350 B.C. ; tlie rest of flic series is 
 later in style. The work of Molot^sos [Nos. 43, 44) comes ahont the heijiuuing 
 
 of this period* 
 
 Similar tyjie 1., with earring (and neck- 
 lace '?) ; on helmet, Skj'lla holding 
 trident in 1. ; behind head, T 
 
 . YPin[N] (in ex.) Bull, with r. 
 fore-foot i-aised and tail ei-ect, butting 
 r. ; above, Nike flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 [Plate vu. 18.] 
 
 * See A. J. Evans in Num. Chron., 3rd Scries, vol. xvi. pp. 138 &., for an interesting- discussion 
 of the development of the type of the butting bull. Dr. Evans's argument as to the date of the 
 artist V is however, inconsistent with No. 12 mqira. 
 
THURIUM 
 
 107 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 30 
 
 108-7 
 
 31 
 
 1191 
 
 32 
 
 117-9 
 
 33 
 
 
 34 
 
 120-6 
 
 35 
 
 120- 
 
 36 
 
 118- 
 
 37 
 
 123-5 
 
 38 
 
 121-4 
 
 39 
 
 • 
 
 122-4 
 
 40 
 
 1161 
 
 41 
 
 116-7 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 /R -8^ 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 /Rpl.-75 
 
 JR -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 Ai -8 
 
 ^•R -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 /R -85 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar type, without eai-ring or necklace ; 
 Skylla holds her r. hand to her head. 
 
 Similar tyj>e r. ; Skylla holds oar in 1. 
 
 Similar type ; ends of hair in bunch ; 
 Skylla holds ti-ident in r. 
 
 necklace, doubtful ; on flap of helmet, 
 traces of letters ? 
 
 necklace, doubtful ; ends of haii", off coin. 
 
 Similar type, without necklace ; ends of 
 hair loose ; Skylla holds her 1. hand to 
 her head. 
 
 Similar ; ends of hair jjathered in bunch. 
 
 OOYPinN (above) Similar type, 
 
 without Nike J in ex., tunny-fish r. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 beneath bull, A 
 above bull, <|> 
 
 above bull, spray of olive ; ex., l:)lank 
 
 Similar ; but beneath bull, olive-leaf 1. ; in 
 ■ex., tunny-fish r. 
 
 OOYPIflN Similar type; beneath 
 
 bull, ivy-leaf 1.; line of ex., plain. 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 [Plate vii. 19.] 
 
 Similar type, with necklace ; ends of hair 
 loose ; Skylla hurls stone "with r. 
 
 Similar; Skylla holds oar over r. shoulder. 
 
 Similar type ; ends of hair gathered in 
 bunch ; Skylla holds trident in r. 
 
 Similar ; on flap of helmet, K 
 
 [0]OYPin[N] Similar type ; same 
 symbol r. ; in ex., tunny-fish r. ; ex. 
 marked off by plain line above dotted 
 one. 
 
 OOYPinN Similar; but line of ex. 
 plain, resting- on waves. 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 0OYPI[flN] Similar tji^e ;_ above 
 
 bull, I ; ex. mai-ked off by plain line 
 above dotted one. 
 
 QOYPIflN Similar type; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. ; line of ex., plain. 
 
 V 2 
 
108 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 42 
 
 118-7 
 
 JR -85 
 
 Similai" type, without necklace ; ends of 
 hail' loose ; Skylla holds rudder over 1. 
 shoulder ; behind head, "E 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar ; but bull stands on waves ; bordei- 
 of dots. 
 
 VII. 20.] 
 
 43 
 
 119-3 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar type (wnth necklace ?) ; Skylla 
 holds her 1. hand to her head ; border 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type; Skylla holds rudder over 1. 
 shoulder. 
 
 GOYPIflN Similar type; bull stands 
 on bar, on which, MOAO$$0$ ; 
 in ex., tunny-fish r. ; border of dots. 
 
 OOYPinN Similar type; bull stands 
 on bar, on which miniite letters 
 (MOAO^SO^ ?) ; border of dots. 
 
 44 
 
 120-7 
 
 M 85 
 
 Similar type, with necklace ; ends of hiiii- 
 gathered in bunch ; Skylla hurls stone. 
 
 in ex., traces of symbol. 
 
 OOYPIIIN Similar type; above bull, 
 ^£1 ; in ex., dolphin r. 
 
 45 
 
 122-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 bull stands on waves ; beneath it, I 
 (or §?) and E 
 
 46 
 
 123-9 
 
 JR -75 
 
 Similar ; on flap of helmet, $fl 
 
 • 
 
 bull stands on dotted line of ex. ; no 
 letters beneath ; inscr., off coin. 
 
 OOYPIIIN Similar type; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 47 
 
 120-5 ^ 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 above bull, Sfi ; line of ex., double 
 (dotted on plain). 
 
 48 
 
 124-7 
 
 M -8 
 
 hair loose ; Skylla holds trident in r. 
 
 UN, off coin; beneath bull, S fl ; 
 line of ex., single. 
 
 49 
 
 119-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar ; ends of hair in bunch ; Skylla 
 hurls stone with r. 
 
 OOYPIflN Similar type ; above bull, 
 §nr ; beneath, bird with wings open 
 r. ; ex., ofl: coin. 
 
 60 
 
 120-8 
 
 yR -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Inscr., off coin. Similar type; above 
 bull, ySJ ; underneath, EY0Y ; in 
 ex., tunny-fish r. 
 
 51 
 
 120-7 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar type ; ends of hair loose ; Skylla 
 holds trident in r. 
 
 no letters visible on helmet. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 [0]OYPin[N] Similar type; above 
 bull, §11 r ; in ex., sea-horse with 
 curled wing r. ; hne of ex. , dotted 
 
 VII. 21.] 
 
THURIUM 
 
 109 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 52 
 
 117-3 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [0]OYPin[N] Similar type ; under- 
 neath, $ n r ; in ex., tunny-fish r. 
 
 53 
 
 1211 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar type, -witliout necklace ; ends of 
 hail- gathered in bunch. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., -wearing necklace, ear- 
 ring, and crested Athenian helmet, on 
 which running grifEn. 
 
 [0]OYPin[N] Smiilar type; above, 
 EY<I>A ; in ex., tunny-fish r. ; line of 
 ex., double (plain above dotted). 
 
 OOYPIflN Similar type; above, 
 EY<J>A ; in ex., thyrsos r. 
 
 54 
 
 121'8 
 
 M -85 
 
 [Plate 
 
 beneath, A A ; line of ex., broken. 
 
 VII. 22.] 
 
 55 
 
 121-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which Skylla, holding 
 trident ; ends of haii" gathered in bunch. 
 
 A A ; line of ex., continuous. 
 
 GOYPIflN Similar type; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 56 
 
 120- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 beneath bull, H* ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 57 
 
 120- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 above bull, |-p ; line of ex., plain. 
 
 58 
 
 121-8 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 )> )) 1» 19 
 
 59 
 
 115'8 
 
 JR -8 
 
 Similar type, with necklace ; Skylla hurls 
 stone with r. 
 
 OOYPIflN Similar type; same symbol ; 
 but above bull, H PA 
 
 GO 
 
 119-6 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar ; but Skylla holds trident in r. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar type, -with earring (and necklace ?) ; 
 Skylla hurls stone with r. 
 
 Similar; but above bull. A; in ex., 
 dolphin r. 
 
 VII. 23.] 
 
 Similar; but above bull, ©E; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 61 
 
 115- 
 
 M -8 
 
 ends of hair, off coin. 
 
 Similar type ; ends of hair loose ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 OOYPIflN Similar type; above bull. 
 OE 
 
 G2 
 
 120-2 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 in ex., star of eight rays. 
 
 63 
 
 120-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 „ star of sixteen rays. 
 
 64 
 
 121-2 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 ,, laurel-branch r. 
 
110 
 
 LUCANTA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 Similar ; necklace quite ^■i.sible. 
 
 OOYP[inN] Similar type; above 
 bull, §aM ; in ex., AA\ and lion 
 
 66 
 
 118-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 running r. 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type, Avitliout necklace oi' earring ; 
 ends of hair in bunch ; on flajj of 
 helmet, | P ; border of dots. 
 
 0OYPI[nN] Similar type; above 
 bull, torch r. ; in ex., tiinny-tish r. 
 
 G6 
 
 122-2 
 
 .'R -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate yiii. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; ends of hair loose ; on flap 
 of helmet, §| 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type; in ex., 
 torch r. 
 
 67 
 
 125-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type, of later style ; hair falls in 
 curls ; no letters. 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar. 
 
 68 
 
 123-1 
 
 JR -9 
 
 Similar type, head considerably smaller, 
 with necklace ; ends of hair loose ; 
 Skylla holds trident in r. ; behind head, 
 KAA 
 
 0OY[PinN] Similar type; above, 
 §1 ; underneath, KAA; in ex., 
 wreath- bearing Nike, flying r. 
 
 69 
 
 120-6 
 
 /R -85 
 
 Similar ; but Pallas wears earring, while 
 Skylla hurls stone with r. 
 
 0OYPin[N] Similar type; above, 
 §IA\ "? ; same symbol. 
 
 70 
 
 122-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 only traces of letters visible. 
 
 Similar; behind head, A A (? or AM ?) 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type ; in ex., 
 caduceus r. ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 71 
 
 120-2 
 
 .R 105 
 
 Head of Pallas r., in crested Athenian 
 helmet, on which running griffin ; ends 
 of hau- loose. 
 
 OOYPin[N] Similar type; above bull, 
 N 1 ; ill ex. , coiled sei-jjent with crest r. 
 
 72 
 
 121-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sixths 
 
 
 
 
 Nos. 73 — 75 were prohahly issued before circa 350 B.C. ; tlie others later. 
 
 73 
 
 20- 
 
 JR -8 
 
 Head of Pallas r., weaiing crested 
 Athenian helmet adoi-ned with water- 
 snake. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 OOYPIIIN Bull, Avitli r. fore-foot 
 raised and tail erect, butting r. ; in ex., 
 tunny-fish r. 
 
 VIII. 2.] 
 
THURIUM 
 
 111 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 74 
 
 io 
 
 77 
 78 
 
 79 
 
 80 
 81 
 
 82 
 
 sa 
 
 16- 
 16-3 
 
 173 
 
 15-1 
 
 U-2 
 
 16-5 
 
 17-7 
 16- 
 
 lUU-5 
 
 101- 
 
 /R -5 
 
 .R -45 
 
 .R -45 
 /R -45 
 
 .R -5 
 
 .R -4 
 
 JE -45 
 
 .R -8: 
 
 .11 -8 
 
 Similar type ; but on helmet, Skylla. Similar. 
 
 Sky 11a holds 1. liancl to lier head. 
 Skylla holds 1. hand extended. 
 
 Similar type ; Skylla holds trident in r. ^ Similar ; but line of ex., double. 
 
 Similar type (with necklace ?) ; Skylla 
 hurls stone with r. 
 
 ends of hau', off coin. 
 
 ends of hair o-athered in bunch. 
 
 Similar type ; ornament on helmet oblite- 
 rated ; ends of hair loose. 
 
 Similar head, wearing crested and winged 
 helmet ; ends of hair loose. 
 
 OoYPinN Similar type. 
 
 above, AA '.^ ; in ex., traces of symbol 
 (two dol^^hins meeting ?) 
 
 above, ^£1'-', ex., off coin. 
 
 I user, illegible. Similar type; in ex., 
 thyrsos r. 
 
 OOYPinN (in ex.) Similar type; 
 above, Nike flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 inscr., off coin, 
 behind Nike, H 
 [Plate viii. 3.] 
 
 Circa 281—268 E.c, or liter. 
 
 The ivelijht <>/ the stater f(dh about the Ijeginning of the third eeatiiri/ 3.O., 
 Just as at Tarentuiii and Heraclea. 
 
 Head of Apollo r. 
 beneath, E.Y 
 
 Staters 
 
 laur., hair long; OOYPIIIN (in ex.) Bull, with 1. fore- 
 foot raised nnd tail erect, showing 
 full face ; above, IHI 
 
 type r. 
 [Plate viir. 4.] 
 
 I *.yi"^ '■ 
 
112 
 
 LUCAKIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 281 B.C. 
 
 81 
 
 75-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur., hair long. 
 
 OOYPI Tripod-lebes, with neck and 
 UN thi-ee handles. 
 
 85 
 
 91-5 
 
 .E -6 
 
 
 
 86 
 
 55- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Similar. 
 
 OOY PiriN Five-stringed lyre ; 
 beneath, l/^^L 
 
 87 
 
 135-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur., hair long. 
 
 O . YPIflN Artemis, wearing short 
 chiton and endroniides, advancing r. ; 
 in her r. hand, torch ; in 1., two 
 javelins ; at her feet, dog r. looking up ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 VELIA 
 
 
 
 
 VeJia UHis founded circa 540 B.C., bij Fhocaeans lelio had ahaudoned their home 
 rather than yield to the Persians under Harpugus. Of its history practicaUy 
 nothing is hnown. It shares tcith the sister colonij of 3Iassilia the type of the lion 
 and the weight of the drachm (60 grains). This ' Phocaean' standard became 
 characteristic of Campania. See also under Poseidonia. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 Circa 540—500 B.C. 
 
 Obol 
 
 
 
 
 Forepart of lion devouring prey. 
 
 Incuse square, quartered. 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 M -3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 500—450 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Didra chms 
 
 2 
 
 110-5 
 
 .R -75 
 
 YEAH (much -worn; in ex.) Lion, 
 about to spring r. ; above, A 
 
 Female head r., with necklace (and ear- 
 ring ?), hair bound with diadem and 
 turned up behind ; all in circular incuse. 
 
 3 
 
 113-8 
 
 .11 -85 
 
 Similar type ; above, 9 ; border of dots ; 
 line of ex. double (dotted upon plain). 
 
 YEA HTHN Similar. 
 
THURIUM— VELIA 
 
 113 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 4 
 
 1139 
 
 .R -8 
 
 Female bead r., wearing necklace ; hair 
 (represented by dots) bound, tied, and 
 tui-ned up behind. 
 
 YEAHXEjflN Lion about to spring r. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 5 
 
 61- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Female head r., with necklace ; ai-chaic 
 style ; hair bound with fillet and tui'ned 
 up behind. 
 
 YEAH Owl on olive-branch r. ; all in 
 deep circular incuse. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate vjii. 5.] 
 
 6 
 
 611 
 
 Ai -6 
 
 Female head r., with necklace ; hair rolled 
 behind ; style more advanced. 
 
 Similar ; behind, T 
 
 YEAH Similar type. 
 HA3Y Similar type 1. 
 
 7 
 
 5G-7 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 450—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 
 
 
 YEAH Female head r., wearing neck- 
 lace ; hair tied with narrow stephane 
 and turned up behind. 
 
 AH (in ex.) Lion about to spring r. ; 
 line of ex., dotted ; border of dots. 
 
 8 
 
 llol 
 
 M -8 
 
 [Plate 
 
 VIII. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Female head r., diademed ; hair waved. 
 
 YEAH Owl on olive-branch r. 
 
 9 
 
 531 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate viii. 7.] 
 
 10 
 
 t;o-2 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, A 
 
 
 11 
 
 59-3 
 
 M -7 
 
 type 1. ; behind, C 
 
 type 1. 
 
 12 
 
 50-1 
 
 M -65 
 
 ,, no letter. 
 
 ?) 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—268 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 13 
 
 1151 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athenian 
 helmet, adorned with olive-leaf? and 
 griffin ; behind, <1> 
 
 Lion leaping on stag r. ; beneath stag, V\ 
 
114 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 u 
 
 116-3 
 
 15 
 
 115-9 
 
 IG 
 
 106-2 
 
 17 
 
 112- 
 
 18 
 
 113-9 
 
 19 
 
 113-8 
 
 20 
 
 115-9 
 
 21 
 
 115-4 
 
 22 
 
 112-8 
 
 23 
 
 116-8 
 
 24 
 
 117-3 
 
 25 
 
 114-1 
 
 2C. 
 
 114- 
 
 M -8 
 
 JR -85 
 
 M -85 
 M -9 
 M -85 
 
 JR -9 
 ^ -85 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 yR -9 
 M -9 
 
 ^ -8 
 M -95 
 .H -85 
 
 Similar head, with necklace ; helmet 
 adorned with olive- wreath. 
 
 [Y]EAHT.. Similar type. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., weai-mg necklace and YEAHTflN Similar type; line of ex., 
 
 crested Athenian helmet, on which 
 gi'iffin ; flap ornamented ; above, A ; 
 behind, <|> 
 
 double. 
 
 [Plate viii. 8.] 
 
 Similar head 1., without necklace ; orna- 
 ment on flap of helmet, different ; behind, 
 "within small square, t E 
 
 above, A 
 
 above, A ; ornament varied. 
 
 )> )j 
 
 in front, <|) 
 
 YEAHTHN Similar type 1.; no 
 
 exergual line. 
 
 inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 1) jj 
 
 Similar type ; but flap of helmet plain. 
 
 behind, T 
 
 type r. ; behind, <l> 
 
 Similar type r. ; but on flap of helmet, 
 ornament (or monogram ?). 
 
 Similar ; flap of helmet ornamented. 
 
 YEAHTflN Lion prowling r. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 in ex., owl flying r. 
 
 in ex., bunch of grapes. 
 
 YE AH TUN Similar type; beneath 
 
 lion, ^ 
 
 YEAHTflN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. 
 
 [Plate viit. 9.] 
 
 beneath lion, P 
 
 Similar type 1. ; flaj) of helmet plain. 
 
 behind, T 
 behind, 
 
 YEAHTXIN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. ; 
 above, owl flying r. ; beneath, T 
 
 no letter beneath lion. 
 
VELIA 
 
 115 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 27 
 
 1121 
 
 28 
 
 110-3 
 
 29 
 
 117-1 
 
 30 
 
 115-3 
 
 31 
 
 116-3 
 
 32 
 
 109-5 
 
 33 
 
 115- 
 
 3-i 
 
 117-9 
 
 35 
 
 115-6 
 
 36 
 
 115-2 
 
 37 
 
 112-7 
 
 38 
 
 114-5 
 
 39 
 
 112-8 
 
 40 
 
 114-8 
 
 41 
 
 
 42 
 
 116-6 
 
 43 
 
 . 116-3 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevebse 
 
 ^-85 
 Al -9 
 yR-85 
 M -95 
 M -9 
 M -95 
 
 ^-85 
 
 ^•9 
 JR -95 
 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 M -95 
 
 yR-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 ,R pi. -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type r. ; behind, letter. 
 
 
 
 O ; type 1. 
 
 )5 )5 
 
 Similar type r. ; but on either side of neck, 
 dolphin downwards ; behind, 
 
 YEAHTIIN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. ; 
 plain border. 
 
 above, 3 
 
 above, E; beneath, 
 
 ,, ,, ,, ,, (border not visible). 
 
 beneath, 
 
 )» »7 
 
 beneath, X ; line of ex., dotted. 
 
 YEAHTXIN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. ; 
 beneath, ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate viii. 10.] 
 
 Similar type ; behind, letter. 
 
 type r. ; E 
 
 typel.; P 
 
 type!.; ^ 
 
 type 1. ; 
 
 type r. ; 
 
 type r. ; X 
 
 YEAHTflN fin ex.) Lion prowling r.; 
 above, <|> ; plain border. 
 
 beneath, 
 [Plate viii. 11.] 
 
 beneath, ; border not visible. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Athenian helmet, 
 adorned with griffin ; behind, A ; in 
 front, <|> 
 
 head smaller. 
 
 Similar head r. ; helmet adorned with 
 wing and olive- wreath ; behind, <|> ; 
 above, f 
 
 Y EAHTUN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. ; 
 above, I <t>, between which, dolphin r. 
 
 I, not visible. 
 
 Y EA HTI2N (in ex.) Lion prowling r. ; 
 above, <!> I, between which, bunch of 
 grapes. 
 
 [Plate viii. 12.] 
 
 Similar type, later in style ; in front, 
 behind, fi^ 
 
 Similar; but beneath lion, P, and., instead 
 of grapes, ear of barley r. 
 
 Q 2 
 
116 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 44 
 
 
 45 
 
 115-3 
 
 46 
 
 115-3 
 
 47 
 
 115-2 
 
 48 
 
 113- 
 
 49 
 
 116-8 
 
 50 
 
 114-3 
 
 51 
 
 1151 
 
 52 
 
 117-3 
 
 53 
 
 115-5 
 
 54 
 
 115-3 
 
 55 
 
 116- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 .llpl.-85 
 
 M-9 
 
 JR -85 
 /R -85 
 M -85 
 
 ^•95 
 
 .^1-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 MS 
 
 Al -9 
 
 M -95 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Athenian helmet, 
 adorned with dolphin ; on flap, <|) ; 
 ends of haii' loose. 
 
 Similar ; but on helmet, sea-horse with 
 curled wing ; no letter. 
 
 Similar type r, ; but on helmet, griffin 
 with curled wing ; ends of hair in 
 curls ; above, A 
 
 in front, <|> 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on whicli griffin ; ends of 
 hair wavy ; on flap of helmet, <)) ; 
 behind, /^ 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which olive-wreath ; 
 ends of hair loose. 
 
 Similar type r,, with eari'ing (and neck- 
 lace ?) ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; earring and necklace doubt- 
 ful ; ends of hair, oif coin ; no border. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; head much smaller ; ends 
 of hair loose. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which griffin ; ends of 
 hail' gathered in bunch ; flap of helmet, 
 plain. 
 
 Similar ; but no letter beneath, and, instead 
 of ear of barley, ti-ident r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar ; but no border. 
 
 Similar ; but, instead of trident, penta- 
 gram. 
 
 (same die) 
 
 YEAHTIIN (in ex.) Lion prowHng r.; 
 above, caduceus r. ; plain border. 
 
 YEAHTflN (in ex.) Lion prowling r. 
 
 YEAHTflN (above) Lion pi'owling r. ; 
 in ex., bunch of grapes. 
 
 Y E AH TflN (above) Lion prowling r. ; 
 beneath, N ; in ex., thyrsos r. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 YEAHTilN (in ex.) Lion prowling 1.; 
 beneath, >£ ; plain border. 
 
 above, 4> 
 [Plate viii. 13.] 
 
VELIA 
 
 11'; 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 • 
 
 56 
 
 115-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., -wearing crested Atlie- 
 nian helmet, adorned "with curled wing ; 
 in fi-ont, <|> ; behind, K 
 
 YEAHTflN (in ex.) Lion prowling 1. ; 
 above, <|> | ; between which, triquetra 
 of legs with winged talaria. 
 
 57 
 
 111-9 
 
 M -95 
 
 same die. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which griffin ; flap of 
 helmet, plain. 
 
 same die. 
 
 YEAHTUN (in ex.) Lion running 1., 
 with r. fore-foot raised ; beneath, )£ ; 
 plain border. 
 
 58 
 
 116- 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, >£ 
 
 
 59 
 
 112-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 behind, 3< 
 
 above, O 
 
 60 
 
 115-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, 3< 
 
 above, 4> 
 
 61 
 
 1154 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which olive-wreath ; 
 ends of hair loose. 
 
 YEAHTHN (in ex.) Similar type. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate viii. 14.] 
 
 62 
 
 115-7 
 
 .'R -8 
 
 behind, star. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, on which olive-wi'eath 
 with fruit ; ends of hair loose ; behind. 
 
 plain border. 
 
 YEAHTON (in ex.) Lion 1., head 
 turned back, 1. fore-foot on ram's head; 
 beneath, >£ ; plain border. 
 
 63 
 
 116-5 
 
 .11 -85 
 
 >E 
 
 
 G4 
 
 112-2 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate viii. 15.] 
 
 65 
 
 115-6 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Pallas, three-quarter face towards 
 1., hair long, wearing- necklace and 
 winged Phrygian helmet, insci-ibed 
 KAEYAHPOY 
 
 [Plate \ 
 
 YEAHTIIN (in ex.) Lion 1., tear- 
 ing carrion, held with 1. fore-foot ; 
 beneath, <|) ; between hind-legs, >£ ; 
 plain border. 
 
 III. 16.] 
 
 6G 
 
 116-3 
 
 JR -85 
 
 
 from fractured die. 
 
 r,7 
 
 116-2 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., -wearing Phrygian 
 helmet, adorned with female centaur, 
 carrying di-apery ovei- 1. arm ; ends of 
 hair loose; flap of helmet plain ; behind, 
 3< 
 
 YEAHTHN (in ex.) Similar type; 
 plain border. 
 
 beneath, A 
 
118 
 
 LUCANIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 68 
 
 114-4 
 
 (!9 
 
 116-1 
 
 70 
 
 115-2 
 
 71 
 
 1161 
 
 72 
 
 115-8 
 
 73 
 
 113-7 
 
 74 
 
 112-6 
 
 75 
 
 114-5 
 
 7G 
 
 
 77 
 
 115- 
 
 78 
 
 111-4 
 
 79 
 
 115-7 
 
 80 
 
 115-3 
 
 81 
 
 113-2 
 
 82 
 
 115-7 
 
 83 
 
 115-3 
 
 84 
 
 
 85 
 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 ^•85 
 M -8 
 M -8 
 Al -85 
 
 M-8 
 
 yR-95 
 
 M -85 
 
 yR-8 
 
 M pi. -85 
 
 ^-8 
 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -85 
 M pi. -85 
 Jlpl.-85 
 
 (monogram doubtful.) 
 
 >E 
 
 Similar type ; flap of helmet ornamented 
 beliind, 3^ 
 
 Similar type, 
 beliind, >£ 
 
 bebiud, 3^ 
 
 above, A ; beneath, >£ 
 
 ,, A ,, ,, (border not visible) 
 
 ?? 1) 99 91 99 
 
 beneath, <J> 
 
 YEAHT[nN] (in ex.) Similar type; 
 above, A ; beneath, serpent r. ; between 
 lion's hind-legs, 3< ; plain border. 
 
 YEAHTHN (inex.) Similar type. 
 
 above, O ; beneath, >£ 
 [Plate viii. 17.] 
 
 above, O ; beneath, >£ ; plain border. 
 
 Similar type ; flap of helmet plain ; 
 behind, >£ 
 
 from fractured die. 
 same die. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., with earring and neck- 
 lace, wearing crested Coi-inthian helmet, 
 adorned with quadriga ; on band beneath 
 crest, <t)|AI5TinN05 ; ends of 
 hair loose ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., with earring, neck- 
 lace, and highly ornamented Phrygian 
 helmet, on which gx'iffin with curled 
 wing; behind, © 
 
 99 )E ) 
 
 <l>; 
 
 <|> ; border doubtful. 
 
 >e; 
 
 YEAH TUN (on raised band of ex.) 
 Similar type ; above and beneath, <|> 
 
 letter above, obscure, 
 letter above, off coin. 
 
 YEAHTflN (in ex.) Lion 1., standing 
 on Iwnes of carcase, gnawing prey, held 
 with r. fore-foot ; above, Nike flying 1. ; 
 plain border. 
 
 Nike, partially off coin. 
 
 YEAH Tn N (in ex. ) Lion 1 . , devouring 
 ram's head, held with both fore-feet ; 
 above, <|> I ; between which, grass- 
 hopper r. ; plain boi'der. 
 
 same die ? 
 
 [Plate viii. 18.] 
 
 same die. 
 
VELIA 
 
 119 
 
 No. 1 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 86 16-2 
 
 87 
 
 88 
 
 89 
 90 
 
 91 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 94 
 95 
 
 15- 
 
 53- 
 
 30- 
 53- 
 
 28- 
 34-5 
 
 M -4 
 
 M -5 
 
 Diobols 
 
 Female head r., wearing splieudone, ear- 
 ring, and necklace ; behind, 
 
 YEAH Owl r. ; head facing; wings 
 open ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate viii. 19.] 
 
 28- 
 
 35- 
 
 59- 
 
 M -65 
 
 ^ -5 
 
 JE -65 
 
 JE -5 
 
 ^ -5 
 
 inscr., almost off coin ; border not visible. 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 350—250 B.C. 
 
 Head of yoting Herakles r., in lion's skiu. YEAH Owl 1. on olive-branch 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -5 
 JE -5 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laareated ; behind, A 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar tyjie. 
 
 Head of Apollo r. , diademed ; haii- long ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, V? 
 
 Rude helmeted head r. 
 
 Owl r. ; head facing ; wings open, 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 YEAH Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 YEAHT Similar type. 
 
 type 1. 
 
 type r. ; no inscr. visible. 
 
 Y E Tripod-lebes, with handles. 
 
 A H 
 
 [Plate viii. 20.] 
 
 Similar ; ti-ipod-lebes varied. 
 
 tripod-lebes varied. 
 
12U 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 65-3 
 
 N -Ql 
 
 32G 
 
 N 
 
 69-6 
 
 M -8 
 
 Brdttium 
 
 BRUTTII 
 
 The Jiruttii first became jjromhient circa 356 B.C. The date of the commencement 
 of their coinage is fixed by the fact that in standard and, to some extent, in type 
 it is modelled on the pieces struclc in Italy by Pyrrhns. They espoused the cause 
 of Hannibal, and icere completely crushed by Home at the end uf the Second 
 
 Punic War. 
 
 Circa 281—203 B.C. 
 
 Gold 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Head of Poseidon, diademed 1. ; behind, 
 trident r. ; beneath, dolphin 1. and P ; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 BPETTinN Thetis?, veiled and 
 
 draped, seated 1. on sea-horse sw^im- 
 ming r. ; she supports with r. Eros 
 bending bow 1. ; at foot of Eros, F ; in 
 field r., star of eight rays ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate vin. 21.] 
 
 Hemidrachm 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles L, wearing lion's 
 skin ; behind, cornucopiae ; beneath, 
 \- ; border of dots. 
 
 BPETTin[N] (in ex.) Nike in gallop- 
 ing biga r. ; beneath horses, |- , and 
 thunderbolt between two crescents ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Silver* 
 
 Bust of winged Nike r., wearing broad 
 diadem and earring, her hair gathered 
 into a knot behind with a fillet ; drapery 
 about neck : border of dots. 
 
 below, r 
 
 BPETTlflN (in field 1.) Figure of 
 Pan naked, horned, facing, crowning 
 himseK with r., and holding in 1. a 
 hunting-spear; chlamys over 1. arm; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in field r., T and rhyton ending in fore- 
 part of animal. 
 
 * It is uncertain on what standard the following coins arc struck. Mr. Head suggests {Ilist. 
 Num., p. 77) tliat they arc Attic octobols. 
 

 No. 
 
 5 
 6 
 
 7 
 8 
 9 
 
 10 
 11 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 BRUTTII 
 
 121 
 
 Weight 
 
 72-7 
 
 (38-2 
 641 
 66--S 
 71-4 
 72-5 
 
 74'4 
 65-5 
 
 72-4 
 74-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 .R -75 
 
 .'R -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 /R -75 
 
 /R -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 M -75 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 70-7 .R -7 
 
 [ 
 
 72-1 .R -85 
 
 IG 
 
 24G- 
 
 M 11 
 
 17 
 
 241- 
 
 jE 1-05 
 
 18 
 
 255- 
 
 .E 1-or, 
 
 1!) 
 
 241- 
 
 V(IL. 1. 
 
 -K I'].; 
 
 below, r 
 
 behind, horse's head r. 
 
 behind, amphora ? 
 
 behind, bird r. looking back. 
 
 behind, fly. 
 
 behind, stai' of eight rays, and ~\ 
 
 behind, club downwards, 
 behind, snail in shell ? 
 
 in field r., crab. 
 [Plate viii. 22.] 
 
 ill field r., serpent erect r., over S 
 in field r., H 
 in field r., \/5] 
 
 ,, „ ; execution rude. 
 
 " " 
 
 (No. 9 is pierced.) 
 
 in field r.,. thymiaterion and 5 
 
 ,, ,, ; no letter visible. 
 
 Head of Thetis ? r., wearing veil, stephane, 
 and earring ; over 1. shoulder, sceptre ; 
 below head, P ; border of dots. 
 
 behind, Macedonian helmet. 
 
 behind, cicada; Thetis wears necklace 
 
 B RETT I UN (ill field r.) Poseidon, 
 naked, 1., r. foot advanced and resting 
 on top of Ionic column ; he leans with 
 1. on long sceptre, while his r. elbow 
 rests on r. knee ; at his feet, f ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 in field 1., crab. 
 
 behind, krater ; no necklace; place of 
 letter, off coin. 
 
 behind, fly ; no letter. 
 
 in field 1., eagle 1. on thunderbolt, wings 
 open. 
 
 [Plate viii. 23.] 
 
 in field 1., eagle I. on thunderbolt, wings 
 open. 
 
 eagle on wreath ; no letter. 
 
 Beonze 
 
 Head of Ares 1., bearded, wearing crested 
 Corinthian helmet, adorned with run- 
 ning griffin; below^ thunderbolt; border 
 of dots. 
 
 BPETTIflN (in field 1.) Pallas (or 
 
 Enyo ?), wealing crested helmet, and 
 long chiton with diploidion, running 
 r. and looking back ; she holds shield 
 with both hands, and spear under 1. 
 arm : border of dots. 
 
 in field r., racing-torch. 
 
 in field r., bunch of grapes. 
 [Plate ix. 1.] 
 
 in field r., bunch of grapes; execution rude. 
 
 in Held r., owl r. with sjjread \\iiigs. 
 
 K 
 
122 
 
 BRUTTIUl'I 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; symbol doubtful ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 BPE M inN (in field 1.) Similar type ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 20 
 
 282- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 in field r., long torch, fiaming. 
 
 21 
 
 220- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Similar type ; head sliglitly smaller ; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 in field r., bucranium. 
 
 B P ETT inN (in field 1.) Similar type ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 22 
 
 259- 
 
 jE 11 
 
 
 in field r. , thunderbolt slanting ; at Pallas's 
 feet, crab. 
 
 23 
 
 201- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 
 in field r., thunderbolt slanting. 
 
 24 
 
 202- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 in field r., wreath. 
 
 25 
 
 237-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similai' type, witliin wreath (of olive ?). 
 Similar type ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 BPETTIIiN (in field 1.) Similar type; 
 in field !•. , lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 BPE 1 I IIIN (in field 1.) Similar type ; 
 but, within shield, branch ; in field r., 
 tripod. 
 
 2G 
 
 254- 
 
 ;E 1- 
 
 iS^o.s. 27 to 32 arc oi 
 
 border, off coin. 
 I ilie Tr'icntaJ Sysleni. 
 
 
 
 
 Sextant e 3 
 
 
 
 k 
 
 Head of Ai'es 1., bearded, wearing crasted 
 Corintliian helmet, adorned with run- 
 ning griffin ; beneath head, ear of 
 barley r. ; behind, J ; bolder of dots. 
 
 BPETTIHN (in field r.) Nike, wear- 
 ing long chiton with diploidion, standing 
 1., holding palm in 1., and with r. crown- 
 ing a trophy, consisting of helmet, 
 cuirass, spear, shield, and greaves ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 27 
 
 271- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 between the figures, comucopiae. 
 
 28 
 
 254- 
 
 /E 115 
 
 
 between, cornucopiae, and star of eight 
 rays. 
 
 29 
 
 240- 
 
 ^ 11 
 
 [Plate 
 
 between, cornucopiae, and crescent with 
 horns upwards. 
 
 IX. 2.] 
 
 30 
 
 240- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 value-marks obscure. * 
 
 between, caduceus upright. 
 
 31 
 
 190- 
 
 .^ 1- 
 
 symbjl and valae-marks obscure. 
 
 between, open hand. 
 
BRUTTII 
 
 123 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 32 
 
 234- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Similar type ; same symbol ; 
 obscure ; border of dottj. 
 
 « 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 value-marks 
 
 i 
 
 BPETT IHN Similar type; between, 
 cornucopiae ; in field r., hammer ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 B P ETT 1 n N (in field r.) Similar type ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 33 
 
 219- 
 
 /K 1-05 
 
 
 
 ( B P ETT [ 1 n N ] ) between, hook. 
 
 34 
 
 254- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 beneath, tliunderbolt (or hai'p 
 
 X?) 
 
 between, anchor inverted ; infield!., >B 
 
 35 
 
 240-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., in 
 behind, sword uj)wards ; 
 dota. 
 
 lion's skin ; 
 border of 
 
 BPETT lilN (in field 1.) Pallas (or 
 Enyo ?) , wearing crested helmet and long 
 chiton with diplo'idion, running r., and 
 looking back ; she holds shield with 
 both hands, and spear beneath 1. arm ; 
 in field r., plough 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 36 
 
 269-6 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, thunder- 
 bolt ; border of dots. 
 
 BP ETTinN (in field 1.) Naked 
 warrior advancing r., armed with conical 
 helmet, lance, and oblong shield, the 
 boss of which ends in a long ridge ; at 
 warrior's feet, a symbol ; border of dots. 
 
 37 
 
 lOG-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 racing-torch. 
 
 38 
 
 116- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 bucranium. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate ix. 3.] 
 
 39 
 
 145-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 symbol varied. 
 
 
 owl flying r. 
 
 40 
 
 132- 
 
 jE -85 
 
 )5 1> 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 
 bunch of grapes ; B PET Tin N 
 
 BPET TIHN Eagle 1. on thunder- 
 bolt, wings open ; border of dots. 
 
 41 
 
 174- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 place of sym])ol, off coin. 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 128- 
 
 M -9 
 
 behind head, thunderbolt. 
 
 
 in field L, open hand. 
 
 43 
 
 110- 
 
 M -9 
 
 behind head, ear of barley. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 in field 1., coi-nucopiae ; above eagle, star. j 
 
 IX. 4.] 
 
 R 2 
 
124 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rever.se 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 BPET TinN Eagle 1., with wings 
 open ; border of dots. 
 
 44 
 
 ge- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 in field 1., caduceus. 
 
 45 
 
 ns- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 behind Lead, ear of barley. 
 
 in field 1., cornucopiae ; (border, off coin). 
 
 46 
 
 119- 
 
 M -8 
 
 5) 55 
 
 ,, ,, above eagle, crescent. 
 
 47 
 
 120- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 5) 5» 
 
 5) 55 5? 1 
 
 48 
 
 119-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 „ liarpa ? 
 
 in field 1., anchor inverted ; above which, 
 
 >B 
 
 49 
 
 129- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots, 
 behind head, sceptre. 
 
 BPET TinN Eagle 1., wings open, 
 head turned back ; in field 1., plough r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 50 
 
 120- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 ,, sword, upwards. 
 
 • 
 
 51 
 
 134- 
 
 M -9 
 
 )» )) 
 
 
 52 
 
 107- 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 „ harpa. 
 
 
 53 
 
 126-5 
 
 /E -9 
 
 ,, star. 
 
 in field 1., thunderbolt. 
 
 54 
 
 93-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar type ; within wreath. 
 
 BPE[TTI] n N Eagle ]., on thunder- 
 bolt, wings open ; in field 1., lyre ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 NIKA Head of Nike 1.. wearing earrinjr 
 (and sometimes necklace), the hair 
 l)ound with broad diadem, and gathered 
 into a knot behind with a fillet, the ends 
 of which hang down ; border of dots. 
 
 BPETTinN (in field 1.) Zeus, naked, 
 advancing r., brandishing thunderbolt 
 in raised r. hand, and holding spear 
 in extended 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 55 
 
 91-5 
 
 JE -8 
 
 behind head, coraucopiae ; beneath, 
 crescent with horns downwards. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 [X. 5.] 
 
 56 
 
 56- 
 
 M -7 
 
 behind head, ear of barley. 
 
 in field r., cornucopiae. 
 
 57 
 
 78- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 M 5) 
 
 in field r., cornucopiae ; in field 1., hammer. 
 
 58 
 
 77- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 !■> )? 
 
 )> )5 )) )| 
 
 59 
 
 60- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 5 1 >5 
 
 in field r., cornucopiae ; beneath Zeus, 
 star of eight rays. 
 
 60 
 
 63-5 
 
 jE -7 
 
 no symbol ^-isible. ^ 
 
 in field r., cornucopiae ; in field L, hammer. 
 
 61 
 
 60- 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 55 
 
 in field r., cornucopiae; beneath Zeus, 
 star of eight rays. 
 
BRUTTII 
 
 125 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 I 
 
 62 
 63 
 64 
 65 
 6G 
 
 67 
 
 68 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 63- 
 
 46-5 
 
 58- 
 
 59- 
 
 65-5 
 
 6G-^ 
 
 48- 
 
 41-5 
 
 21- 
 
 21- 
 
 27- 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -65 
 
 ^E -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -65 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 M -6 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 12- 
 
 M -45 
 
 Head of winged Nike 1., wearing earring 
 and necklace; hair bound witli broad 
 diadem, and gatliered into a knot with 
 fillet behind ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath head, traces of symbol, 
 beneath head, thunderbolt. 
 
 BPETTIHN (in ex.) Zeus, naked, 
 thundering in galloping biga r. ; he 
 gi-asps staff and reins in 1. ; beneath 
 horses, symbol ; border of dots. 
 
 crab. 
 
 bucranium. 
 owl flying 1. 
 
 racing torch, horizontally placed 1. 
 [Plate ix. 6.] 
 
 bunch of gi'apes. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 place of symbol, off coin. 
 
 type r. ; beneath head, traces of symbol ? 
 
 Head of Thetis ? 1., wearing head-dress 
 made of a crab's shell, the legs visible 
 above and beneath ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar ; type smaller. 
 
 BPETTinN (in ex.) Similar type r. ; 
 beneath horses, plough 1, 
 
 BPET Crab ; plain border. 
 
 TinN 
 
 B P ET Crab ; plain border. 
 TlflN 
 
 above, bucranium. 
 
 [Plate ix. 7.] 
 
 above, cornucopiae. 
 
 Similar type r. ; in front, thunderbolt ; 
 border doubtful. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet; hair falling over neck 
 and tied in a bunch behind. 
 
 BPET Crab; above, plough 1.; i^lain 
 TlflN border. 
 
 BPET TinN Owl r., on bar. 
 
12G 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 jf 
 
 
 
 
 CAULONIA 
 
 
 
 
 Caulonia loas a rerjj earl// Acliaeun colonij. Its cltaractcristic coin-tijpc has not yet 
 
 
 
 
 hceii satisfactoriljj exjdaijied. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 550 480 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 llie city was a mcmJter of the Achaean Monetary Confederation, ichose standard 
 it always followed. See under Metapontum. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 KAVp* Naked archaic male figure 
 advancing r. on dotted line ; liair bound 
 with diadem, and falling in ringlets ; 
 in raised r., a branch ; on outstretched 
 1. ai-m, a small figure, holding a branch 
 in each hand, running r., looking back; 
 in front, stag r. on dotted line, looking 
 back ; dotted cable border. 
 
 Same lai-ge figure incuse 1., bearing branch 
 in relief in raised hand ; on other arm, 
 small figure in outline in relief ; in 
 front, stag 1., looking back, incuse ; 
 border of incuse oblongs. 
 
 1 
 
 122-4 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 small figure wears winged sandals. 
 
 
 2 
 
 122-3 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 small figure varied, no sandals. 
 
 only traces of small figure. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate ix. 8.] 
 
 3 
 
 109-8 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 'IVfl^l no border visible ; much worn. 
 
 large figure's hands empty. 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 ^ VA "A Naked archaic male figure, hair 
 in ringlets, bearing in raised r. a long 
 branch, and on outstretched 1. arm a 
 small figure running r. and looking 
 back ; in front, stag r. on plain line, 
 looking back ; broad plain border. 
 
 Large figure and stag as on obv., reversed 
 and incuse ; incuse border of radiating 
 lines. 
 
 4 
 
 117-3 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in field r., crane r. in relief. 
 
 5 
 
 114-1 
 
 M -So 
 
 . V A'A ', uo boi'der visible. 
 
 no symbol ; no border visible. 
 
 
 
 
 Third 
 
 
 
 34-4 
 
 /R -65 
 
 'IVflM Similar types ; raised border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar types. 
 
CAULONIA 
 
 127 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 480—388 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In 388 B.C. Caulonia fell iato the hands of Dioiiijslns of Sijracusc. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 KAV Naked male figure advancing v. 
 on dotted line, wearing hair long, hold- 
 ing branch in raised r., and on extended 
 
 VA>I Stag r. ; in front, a sapling 
 growing. 
 
 7 
 
 
 M pi. -8 
 
 1. arm a small figure running r. ; in 
 front, stag r. on dotted line, looking 
 back. 
 
 AVA>1 Similar; but large figiire has 
 short hair, and running figure has 
 drapery on arm. 
 
 line of ex., dotted. 
 
 AVA>1 Similar type; sapling varied; 
 border of dots. 
 
 8 
 
 119-3 
 
 jR -85 
 
 drapery on 1. arm. 
 
 ' 
 
 9 
 
 118-8 
 
 M -8 
 
 drapery on both arms ; inscr. illegible ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate ix. 9.] 
 
 10 
 
 110-1 
 
 jR -85 
 
 Similar figure advancing r., with branch 
 in raised r. ; on extended 1. ami, traces 
 of small figure ? ; in front, stag; behind, 
 bucranium. 
 
 Stag r. 
 
 11 
 
 115- 
 
 ^11 -85 
 
 [KAVAOA/^AT] A A/ Similar figure 
 advancing r., with branch in i-aised r. ; 
 in extended 1. hand, ivj--leaf with long- 
 stalk ; in fi-ont, stag r. ; border of small 
 oblongs. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 KAVAOA/^ATAA/ Stag r.; in 
 
 front, ivy-le:\f with long stalk ; line 
 of ex. and boi-der, formed of small 
 oblongs. 
 
 IX. 10.] 
 
 • 
 
 12 
 
 115 3 
 
 ^-85 
 
 Similar figure advancing r., with branch 
 in raised r. ; plain border. 
 
 Similar type ; in field 1., dolphin r., up- 
 wards ; in field r., dolphin 1., downwards. 
 
 KAY An [_ -]A - - Stag r.; be- 
 neath stag, A 
 
 Stag r. 
 
 13 
 
 114-7 
 
 .R-8 
 
 
 [KAYAni beneath, A 
 ^ATAIA^ 
 
 U 
 
 11 ir. 
 
 A\ -9 
 
 dolphin in field I., off coin. 
 
 KAY An beneath, E 
 . ATA . . 
 
128 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Third 
 
 15 
 
 40-2 
 
 M -6 
 
 VA^ Similar figure advancing r. ; in 
 front, stag on bar ; border of dots. 
 
 VA)1 Stag r. ; in front, sapling growing. 
 
 
 
 
 CONSENTIA 
 
 
 
 
 The coins of Consentia arc anterior to the time when the town became the melrojjolis 
 
 of the Brnttii. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—356 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Ares r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; above, O 
 
 Kfl5 Thunderbolt ; beneath, three 
 crescents, horns downwards. 
 
 1 
 
 87-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CROTON 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 550—480 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Croton (founded hij Achaeans 710 B.C.) ivas a. lucmher of the great Achaean 
 
 Monetary Confederation, for which see under Mei'APONtum. Its coinage throtujh- 
 
 oiU is on the ' Achaean ' system. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 9f>0 (in field 1.) Tripod-lebes, the 
 legs ending in lion's feet ; it has three 
 handles, and is surmounted by two 
 serpents' heads. 
 
 Same type as on obverse, incuse. 
 
 1 
 
 95-6 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 border, ofi: coin. 
 
 
 2 
 
 • 
 
 122-2 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 9^0 (in field 1.) Similar tripod, with 
 three handles ; between the legs, two 
 serpents facing each other ; raised border 
 of dots. 
 
 Tripod incuse, having three handles in 
 relief ; incuse border of dots. 
 
 3 
 
 127-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 0-^9 (ill field r.) Similar tripod; in 
 field 1., crab ; line of ex., dotted; raised 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar type ; biit between legs, two ser- 
 pents' heads in relief, back to back ; in 
 field 1., cuttlefish ; in field r., dolphin 
 1., upwai'ds ; incuse border of radiating 
 lines. 
 
 IX, 11.] 
 
CONSENTIA— CROTON 
 
 129 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13* 
 
 14 
 
 107-4 
 
 117-3 
 118-3 
 116-2 
 
 llG-3 
 
 123- 
 121-6 
 
 115-7 
 
 123- 
 
 121-4 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 .R -8 
 JR -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 /R -85 
 
 JR -75 
 /R -75 
 
 yR -85 
 
 JR -9 
 
 ^pl.-95 
 
 /R -7 
 
 9P0 (in field 1.) Similar type; in 
 field r., crane 1.; line of ex., dotted; 
 same border. 
 
 9PO (in field 1.) Similar type; in 
 field r., crane 1.; border obscure. 
 
 [Plate ix. 12.] 
 
 990 (in field 1.) Similar type ; in 
 ' field r., crane 1. ; line of ex., plain ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 inscr., uncertain. 
 
 „ crane r. ; border not visible. 
 
 099 (in field r.) Similar tyjje ; in 
 field 1., crane r. ; in ex., traces of letters ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 -_/VI? 
 
 QCj 9 Similar type ; in field, crane r. 
 
 inscr. to 1. ; symbol to r. 
 
 inscr. to r. ; symbol to 1.; line of ex., 
 dotted; border doubtful. 
 
 0^9 tor.; symbol to 1. ; plain border. 
 
 9^0 (in field r.) Similar type; in 
 field 1., crane r. ; line of ex., dotted ; 
 border of dots between tw^o plain lines. 
 
 Ti-ipod-lebes, incuse ; incuse border of 
 radiating lines. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Tripod-lebes, incuse, with three handles in 
 relief ; incuse border of radiating lines. 
 
 Tripod-lebes, incuse, with one handle in 
 relief ; incuse border of radiating lines. 
 
 [Plate ix. 13.] 
 
 9P0 (letters barbarous) Tripod-lebes; 
 in field 1., crane r. ; raised border of 
 dots ; execution I'ude. 
 
 9P0 (in field r.) Tripod-lebes, with 
 tlu-ee handles ; in field 1., crane r. ; ex. 
 contains floral ornament ; line of ex., 
 dotted ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar tripod, without handle ; execution 
 rude. 
 
 Similar type ; outline marked by raised 
 lines ; no border visible. 
 
 [Plate ix. 14.] 
 * Appiirently a contemporary forgei-y. 
 
130 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevebse 
 
 15 
 
 124-8 
 
 M -95 
 
 9PO (in field 1.) Similai' type; line 
 of ex., dotted ; dotted cable border. 
 
 Eagle, incuse, flying, body and "wings 
 marked with lines ; incuse border of 
 radiating lines. 
 
 16 
 
 123- 
 
 M -85 
 
 0^9 (ii^ field 1.) Similar type; raised 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 17 
 
 1221 
 
 M -9 
 
 9^0 To Similar type; line of ex., 
 dotted ; same border. 
 
 [Plate 
 0^9 (in field r.) Similar type. 
 
 Similar ; body of eagle marked with lines 
 and dots. 
 
 IX. 15.] 
 Similar type ; incuse border of dots. 
 
 18 
 
 116-7 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 480—420 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 9P0 (in field r.) Tripod-lebes, having 
 lion's feet and three handles ; in field 1., 
 crane r. ; line of ex., dotted ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Type similar to that on obv. ; border of 
 radiating lines. 
 
 19 
 
 117-9 
 
 yR-85 
 
 symbol almost indistinguishable ; inscr., 
 uncertain. 
 
 
 20 
 
 113-5 
 
 ^-75 
 
 inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 9P0T (above) Eagle standing 1., on 
 Ionic capital. 
 
 9P0T (in field r.) Tripod-lebes, 
 having lion's feet and three handles ; 
 in field 1., grain of barley ; beneath, £ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 21 
 
 123-9 
 
 M -85 
 
 cable border ? 
 
 (T, off coin.) 
 
 22 
 
 106-2 
 
 M '9 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 349 (63).] 
 
 28 
 
 107-9 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar type ; in front, laurel-branch. 
 
 9P0 (in field r.) Tripod-lebes, with 
 lion's feet, neck, and three handles ; 
 from 1. handle hangs a fillet, the lower 
 end of which is turned upwards; line 
 of ex., dotted. 
 
 24 
 
 117- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar type r. ; in field r., branch of olive ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 IB.M.C. ] 
 
 Similar ? ; border of dots, 
 left side of tripod, off coin. 
 X 349 (66).] 
 
CROTON 
 
 131 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Ubveese 
 
 Keverse 
 
 25 
 
 115-4 
 
 M -8 
 
 Eagle standing 1., looking back ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 eagle's feet, off coin. 
 
 [BJLC, p 
 
 Similar eagle, standing on nose of stag's 
 head r. 
 
 9P0 (in field 1.) Tripod-lebes, with 
 lion's feet, neck, and three handles ; in 
 field r., spray of olive ; Ime of ex., 
 double ; plain border. 
 
 . 350 (67).] 
 
 Inscr. in field r. Similar type ; in field 1., 
 ivy-leaf ; same border. 
 
 26 
 
 104- 
 
 M -85 
 
 [Plate 
 
 opo 
 
 IX. 16.] 
 
 27 
 
 117 
 
 ^11 -85 
 
 1 9P0 
 
 [BJLC, p. 350(68).] 
 
 
 
 
 Eagle r., head turned back, in pediment 
 of temple, the guttae below visible ; in 
 front, antelope's skull 1. ; plain border. 
 
 9PO (in field 1.) Similar type; hi 
 field r., spray of olive with fruit; line 
 of ex., double ; plain border. 
 
 28 
 
 119-7 
 
 .11 -85 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 
 29 
 
 117-8 
 
 yR-85 
 
 [B.M.C., p 
 
 . 360 (70).] 
 
 
 
 
 Diobols 
 
 
 
 
 Tripod-lebes, with lion's feet and thi'ee 
 handles ; raised border of dots. 
 
 9 Pegasos, with curled wing-, flying 1. 
 
 30 
 
 18-6 
 
 M -4 
 
 0^9 in field r. 
 
 
 31 
 
 17-8 
 
 .R -5 
 
 9P0 in field 1. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 420—390 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 The ijroiriaij iiiflueiice of Thuriinu brought the Ionic X2 '"'" favour in Mayna Grnecia ; 
 
 at the same time *? gare wai/ to K- The artistic impulse that found expression in the 
 
 new types loas perhaps Attic in its orii/iH* 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 32 
 
 118-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Hera Lakinia, full face, towards 
 r. ; wearing necklace with pendants, and 
 Stephanos adorned with honey-suckle 
 ornament and foreparts of two gi'iffins 
 r. ; hair floating ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 * A. J. Eviiiis lias sns^-g-ostcil tliat llie llcv. t^ 
 the Theseus of the i'artheiiou. 
 
 KPOTJCI Herakles naked, reclining 1. 
 on rock, on which is lion's skin ; he 
 holds in extended r. wine-cup 1., while 
 his 1. elbow rests on rock ; in field 1., 
 tripod; in field above, bow and club 
 crossed, and N A '? 
 
 IX. 17.] 
 
 k'pc of Nos. '6'2 ff. luuy be a ' meiiiury-iiicture' of 
 
132 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 33 
 34 
 
 116- 
 
 yR-85 
 
 M pi. -85 
 
 35 
 
 101- 
 
 M -8 
 
 36 
 
 121- 
 
 JR -8 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 116-7 
 
 115-2 
 
 M '85 
 .-11 -85 
 
 Similar type ; but no griffins on Stephanos : 
 in Held r., B ; plain border. 
 
 no letter. 
 
 Eagle standing r., head turned back; 
 in field r., bearded term of Hermes, 
 facing, holding patera and caduceus ; 
 in field 1., (j) 
 
 KPOTflNI ATA$ Similar type; 
 but Herakles holds club in 1. 
 
 inscr. illegible ; in field 1., B ; plain 
 border. 
 
 (<PO (in field r.) Tripod-lebes, with lion's 
 feet, neck, and three handles ; between 
 legs, two serpents' heads ; in field 1., 
 Nike flying r., holding wreath in r. 
 
 [Plate ix. 18.] 
 
 Circa 390 B.C. 
 
 For the Eev. type of the following, compare Tarentum, No. 135. Appearing first 
 on Theban coins, it loas adopted, circa 394 B.C., hy certain Aegean states {Ephesus, 
 Cnidus, etc.), which had made common cause against the tyranny of Sparta. Its 
 occurrence in South Italy is prohahly significant of a determination to resist the 
 aggression of Bionysius of Syracuse, who, hoivever, captured Croton circa 388 B.C. 
 
 Stater 
 
 KPOTflNIA TA$ Head of Apollo, 
 r., laur. ; hair long ; border of dots. 
 
 Infant Herakles, seated facing, head 1., 
 struggling with two serpents which en- 
 twine him ; both hands extended ; with 
 each, he strangles one of the serpents. 
 
 Circa 370—330 B.C. 
 
 On regaining its freedom, Croton resumed the stril'ing of money, though perhaps not 
 immediately. With the types, compare Syracuse, Nos. 82 ff. 
 
 Staters 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur.; hair long. 
 
 (<P0 (in field 1.) Tripod-lebes, having 
 lion's feet, neck, and three handles ; in 
 field r., branch of laurel, filleted. 
 
 bei'ries in wreath. 
 
 [Plate ix. 19.] 
 
 I positions of inscr. and of symbol, reversed. 
 
% 
 
 CROTON— HIPPONIUM 
 
 133 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 330—299 B.C. 
 Croton lyrohablij issticd no coins after its capture by AgathoMes (299 B.C.). 
 
 Stater 
 
 
 
 
 KPOTHNIA . . . Eagle, with spread 
 wings, standing 1. on olive-brancL, and 
 looking back. 
 
 Tripod-lebes, with lion's feet, standing on 
 base, having two handles and holmos ; 
 in field 1., ear of barley with leaf, and 
 
 <l> K 
 
 j^ ; in field r., P and dolphin r., 
 turning downwards ; plain border. 
 
 39 
 
 99-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 352 (82).] 
 
 
 
 
 D iob 1 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth Centurij. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing Corinthian 
 
 KPO OIKI^TA^ Herakles standing 
 
 
 
 
 helmet. 
 
 r., lion's skin over shoulder, leaning on 
 club which he grasps with both hands. 
 
 40 
 
 15-3 
 
 ^•45 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth Centurij B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Persephone r., wearing wreath 
 
 K P O Each letter within a crescent, 
 
 
 
 
 of corn. 
 
 tlie horns of which are turned outwai'ds. 
 
 41 
 
 44- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 53-5 
 
 /E -65 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 HIPPONIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 330—325 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 This issue {there had been an earlier our) belongs to the time when the city was 
 
 
 
 
 liberated by Alexander of Epirus from the Bruttii. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laureated. 
 
 EinnNIEIlN Amphora. 
 
 1 
 
 SC- 
 
 M -75 
 
 • 
 
 in field 1., long torch lighted ; fir.st letter 
 of inscr., off coin. 
 
 2 
 
 SI- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 (behind, A) 
 
 in field r., caduceus ; only N 1 Eil of inscr. 
 legible. 
 
 3 
 
 86- 
 
 JE -S 
 
 
 in field r., caducous filleted ; first E and 
 first N of inscr., illegible. 
 
134 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 140-5 
 
 156- 
 
 156- 
 137- 
 
 150' 
 122- 
 
 90- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 yE -95 
 M -95 
 
 JE -8 
 
 Circa 294 B.C. 
 
 TJie following beloDgs to the time of AgatJwMes, v-lio for a short period rescued 
 the citij once more from the domination of the Bruttii. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, on which serpent. 
 
 [EjmnNIEn N (in Seld l.) Nike, 
 standing 1., wearing long chiton with 
 diplo'idion, holding wreath and palm ? 
 
 VIBO VALENTIA 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 192—89 B.C. 
 
 In 192 B.C. the liomuns, wishing to strengthen their hold over the Bruttii, planted a 
 
 ' coluuiu ' at Hipponiniii under the name of Vibo Valentia. Its coins 
 
 naturaUij folloio the Semuncial Sijstem. 
 
 Asses 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur.; behind, I 
 
 Similar ; border of dots. 
 
 VALENTIA (in field 1.) Winged 
 
 thunderbolt, placed perpendicularly; in 
 field r., staff ending in boar's head, 
 and I 
 
 VALENTIA (in field r.) 
 type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in field 1., pilos of Dioskouros, with star, 
 and I 
 
 in field 1., wreath -bearing Nike r., and I-; 
 border doubtful. 
 
 VALENTIA Winged thunderbolt, 
 
 placed horizontally ; border of dots. 
 
 above, I , and traces of symbol ? 
 
 above, I , and star of twelve rays. 
 
 Semisses 
 
 Female head r., hair long, wearing stephane, 
 earring, and necklace ; behind, 5 j bor- 
 der of dots. 
 
 VALENTIA Double cornucopiae, 
 
 lower points turned 1.; beside symbol, 5 
 
 in field i.. lyre. 
 
HIPPONIUM— VIBO VALENTTA 
 
 135 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 89- 
 81- 
 
 63- 
 
 68- 
 
 53- 
 
 64- 
 
 se- 
 
 es- 
 
 e9- 
 
 54- 
 
 19 
 
 JE -75 
 M -75 
 
 M -7 
 
 JE -75 
 
 JE -7 
 JE -75 
 
 JE -7 
 JE -7 
 
 JE -85 
 
 JE -7 
 JE -7 
 
 65- JE -75 
 
 34- 
 
 (bust, not head.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar, but type 1. 
 
 in field r., dolphin downwards. 
 
 in field r., wreath-bearing Nike r. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 in field r., wreath-bearing Nike r. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 in field r., staff ending in boar's head ; 
 plain border. 
 
 as preceding coin. 
 
 in field r., star of twelve rays ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 VALENTIA Double cornucopiae, 
 
 lower points turned r. : in field 1., bull 
 butting 1., upwards, and ^ 
 
 VALENTIA Double cornucopiae, 
 
 lower j)oints turned 1. ; in field r., 
 murex-shell, and 5 
 
 Trientes 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, earring, and necklace ; 
 behind, • ; border of dots. 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 Similar, with plain box'der. 
 
 VALENTIA Owl r.; in front, •; 
 border of dots. • 
 
 Similar ; but border plain, and, above 
 marks of value, vase with small 
 handle r. 
 
 JE -6.") 
 
 [Plate ix. 20.] 
 
 Quad r aus 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing- 
 lion's skin ; behind, • ; border of dots. 
 
 VALENTIA Two clubs upwards, 
 handles united ; in field 1., star of six 
 rays, and * ; border of dots. 
 
136 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 20 
 
 23- 
 
 M -45 
 
 *92-5 
 
 117- 
 
 M -8 
 
 113-7 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 110-2 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 111-7 
 
 M 
 
 •9 
 
 117-6 
 
 JR 
 
 •9 
 
 JR -9 
 
 Sextans 
 
 Head of Apollo r., luur. ; behind, 
 border of dots. 
 
 VALE NT I A Lyre; in field 1., traces 
 of symbol ; plain border. 
 
 LOCRI 
 
 Circa 344—332 B.C. 
 
 The Locrinns sfruclc. no money until after they had shalren off the yolte of Dionysius. 
 
 Their issue of Corinthian staters for foreign commerce (see under Colonies of 
 
 Corinth, iii Vol. II.) began when Timoleon restored the democracy. The following 
 
 coin, intended for home trade, belongs to the same period. 
 
 SiLVEB 
 
 Campanian (Phocaean) Standard 
 
 Stater 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; liaii" short, 
 beneath, traces of letters. 
 
 Eirene, seated 1. on cippus, holding cadu- 
 ceus in r. 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 Circa 332—300 B.C. 
 
 The next series of Locrian coins can be approximately dated by the change in the 
 style of the head of Zens. The type now resembles that found on the money of 
 Alexander of Epirus (q.v.), ibIio arrived in Italy circa 332 B.C. The standard 
 remained unaltered. The careless worhmanshipj of the following specimens indicates 
 that they are late. (For coins on the Corinthian model 
 struck at this tivie see Vol. II.) 
 
 Staters 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; hair long ; behind, 
 thunderbolt ; border of dots. 
 
 symbol, in front of forehead, 
 symbol, off coin. 
 
 A O K P 12 N Eagle 1., wings open, 
 devouring hare; border of dots. 
 
 (11 N, off coin) 
 
 (P, off coin) 
 
 [PLiTE IX. 22. t] 
 
 * The poor condition of this coin fully accounts for its defective weight. 
 
 t The piece figured as No. 21 on Plato ix. is a coin of Lyttns in Crete; it will be described 
 in Vol. II. 
 
LOCRI 
 
 137 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 AOKPnN Similar type. 
 
 A O K P n N Similar. 
 
 7 
 
 107-3 
 
 yR -85 
 
 AO K Pn N Similar type 1. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 8 
 
 
 M pi. -85 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 ■ 
 
 .R pi. -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300—280 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Compare flic monry of Agatholdcs of Syracuse. 
 
 10 
 
 160-5 
 
 ^ -95 
 
 AlO§ Head of Zeus r., laui-., liair long; 
 behind, tlianderbolt ; box"der of dots. 
 
 AOK Winged thunderbolt, placed hori- 
 PX2N zontally ; plain boi'der. 
 
 11 
 
 140-5 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 142- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 A 1 5 Similar type 1 . 
 
 AOK PUN Similar type ; beneath, 
 caduceus 1. and <t> ; border uncertain. 
 
 13 
 
 64 5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., in crested Corinthian 
 helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 AOK Similar type ; border of dots. 
 PJQN 
 
 14 
 
 53- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Similar type ; above, EY ; plain border. 
 
 [A]OKPnN Winged thunderbolt, 
 placed perpendicularly ; in field 1., 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 280— 26S B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 During the Pyrrhic War, Locri became the ally of Home. The foUowhig silver stater 
 
 refers directly to that alliance. 
 
 15 
 
 107 1 
 
 Ai -75 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur., hair long ; beneath, 
 fs£ ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 [A]OKP • . (in ex.) Roma seated r. on 
 throne, wearing long chiton and peplos 
 over knees ; her r. ai-m rests on oblong 
 shield, the boss of which ends in long 
 ridge ; under 1. arm, parazonium ; she 
 is crowned by Fides, standing 1., wear- 
 ing long chiton and peplos, one end of 
 which, brought over her 1. shoulder, 
 she holds in her 1. hand; in field 1., 
 PnM[A] ; in field r., traces of letters 
 
 (ni$Ti5) 
 
 X. 1.] 
 
138 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveusb 
 
 16 
 17 
 
 163- 
 
 180- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 18 
 
 87- 
 
 JE 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 300—268 B.C., or Infer. 
 
 19 
 
 221- 
 
 jE 1-1 
 
 20 
 
 191- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 74- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 Head of Persephone r.,, wearing diadem, 
 earring, and necklace ; haii' hanging 
 down and tied behind ; behind, lighted 
 torch ; border obscure. 
 
 Similar type 1., wearing wreath ; behind, 
 eai' of barley ; border, plain. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, earring, and necklace ; 
 behind, AEY ; border of dots. 
 
 Ao|<PnN Eagle standing 1. on 
 
 thunderbolt, wings closed; behind, palm 
 filleted ; in front, /^ ; border of dots. 
 
 Ao|<PON Pallas 1., wearing crested 
 Corinthian helmet, and long chiton with 
 diploidion ; leans with r. upon spear, 
 and with 1. on shield placed on ground ; 
 in field r., star (of twelve ? rays) and 
 cornucopiae ; plain border. 
 
 Ao|<Pr2N Persephone, wearing long 
 chiton, seated 1. on throne Avithout 
 back, front leg of which is in the form 
 of a lion's foot ; she holds in r. patera, 
 and in 1. sceptre, on which is poppy- 
 head ; above, on either side, star of 
 eight rays; behind, i^ ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate x. 2.] 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing Corinthian 
 helmet and earring. 
 
 Ao|<P . . Pegasos. flying 1.; beneath, 
 thunderbolt ; jilain border. 
 
 MYSTIA AKD HYPORON 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 The types indicate close relations ivitli Croton. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair long. 
 
 Y P around a tripod-lebes, having three 
 n £1 handles ; between legs of tripod, 
 fA Y 
 
 [Plate x. 3.] 
 
LOCRI— PETELIA 
 
 139 
 
 ■ 
 
 No. 
 
 \Veight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 NUCERIA 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 350 — 270 B.C., or later. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., lain-.; border of dots. 
 
 NOYKP INIIN Horse 1.; beneath, 
 pentagram ; plain Ixn-der. 
 
 1 
 
 131-5 
 
 JE -S 
 
 beneath, traces of symbol. 
 
 (fii"st two letters of inscr., off coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x. 4.] 
 
 2 
 
 125- 
 
 M -8 
 
 bebind, bunch of grapes. | 
 
 PETELIA 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 280—216 B.C. 
 
 This series is contemporary with the coins of the Bruttii, to whom Petelia was at that 
 
 time subject. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Head of Demeter r., wearing veil and 
 wreath of barley ; border of dots. 
 
 nETHAINXlN Zeus naked, facing, 
 with r. foot advanced, brandishing 
 thunderbolt in r., and holding sceptre 
 in 1. ; in field 1., star of six rays ; in 
 field v., X 
 
 1 
 
 122- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 i 
 i 
 
 132- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 TTETH Similar type. 
 AINHN 
 
 ■A 
 
 119 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 204 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 When the rest of Bnitfium. joined HannihaJ, Petelia remained loyal. It ivas captured 
 by the Curtlidginians and their (dlies. After the mar it ivas restored by Borne, 
 and allowed to strike money. 
 
 
 
 
 Q,uadr ans 
 
 4 
 
 45 7 
 
 A^ G 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, • ; border 
 of dots. • 
 
 nETHA[l] NHN Zeus, naked, 
 striding r., brandishing thunderbolt in 
 r., and holding sceptre in 1.; behind, 
 caduceus upright ; plain bordei". 
 
 T 2 
 
140 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 49-8 
 33-3 
 
 43-8 
 
 36-5 
 
 89- 
 
 86-3 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 M -6 
 M -55 
 M -65 
 
 M -55 
 
 JR -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 .il -75 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revebse 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; liaii" long ; 
 behind, • ; border of dots. 
 
 riETHAI NUN Artemis, wearing 
 long chiton and diploidion, advancing 1., 
 with torch in r. hand, and drapery 
 round 1. arm ; plain border. 
 
 in fi-ont, P^ and ~p 
 
 in front, 
 
 HETHAI 
 
 ^ ( .fl 
 
 in front, caduceus. 
 
 RHEGIUM 
 
 Silver 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Circa 494—480 B.C. 
 
 Tlie earliest coinage of Rhegium {circa 530 — 494 B.C.) conformed in fabric, though not 
 ill iceight, to the issues of the Achaean Monetary Confederation. Its type teas a man- 
 headed hidl. The lion's scalp is a marie of the influence of the Samians, ichom 
 Anaxilaos emploijed to seize Zancle. The annexation of Zancle made Bhegium a 
 Sicilian power, and before the end of this period it adopted the Euboic-Attic 
 standard. lor the weight of the following see under Himera. 
 
 Drachms ( = Attic Octobols) 
 
 Lion's scalp ; border of dots. 
 
 12-9 
 
 .11 -4 
 
 Calf's head 1.; border of dots. 
 \A O I 3 3 q 
 
 Vi o ID g^ 
 
 [Plate x. 5. J 
 
 I NA O ID 3^ 
 
 Eaboic - Attic Standard 
 Circa 480—461 B.C. 
 
 The following coin is one of a series strnclc. probably after Anaxilaos expelled the 
 Samians from Zancle, now called Messana (q.v.). 
 
 Hare running r. ; border of dots. 
 
 Ob ol 
 
 I D3^ within circle of dots. 
 
PETELIA— RHEGIUM 
 
 14] 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 461 415 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 When a democracy was established, in 461 B.C., a new ti/pe ivas introduced. 
 Cf. Tarentum, Nos. Iff. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradr achm 
 
 
 
 
 Lion's scalp ; in field r., bunch of grapes ; 
 bordei' of dots. 
 
 Male figTii'e (Aristaios? *), bearded, naked 
 to waist, seated 1. ; r. hand resting on 
 staff, 1. on seat ; the whole witliin wi'eatli 
 of olive. 
 
 6 
 
 241-7 
 
 JR 115 
 
 
 inscr., quite worn away. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Similar, but in field r., dot. 
 
 PEC! /VO/V Similar tj^ie; 1. hand 
 resting on hip ; beneath seat, dot ; the 
 whole within wreath of olive. 
 
 6 
 
 64-3 
 
 .11 -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415 — 387 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The date of the foUowiiaj coins is fixed hij tlicir sti/le, a)id hij the (ippcaraiice of H • 
 
 
 
 
 lihcijiiim. was destroyed hij Lioni/sins in 387 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradr achm 
 
 7 
 
 2G4-8 
 
 /R -95 
 
 Lion's scalp ; border of dots. 
 
 PHriA/0/V Head of Apollo r., laur., 
 hair turned up ; behind, sprig of olive 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 8 
 
 64- 
 
 'yR -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PH Sprig r., consisting of two leaves 
 with two olives. 
 
 9 
 
 32-2 
 
 JR -55 
 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 10 
 
 29-5 
 
 .R -5 
 
 
 spray of ivy intertwined ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 Litra 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; border of dots. 
 
 11 
 
 11-3 
 
 M -4 
 
 * Sec E. .]. SeUiiiiuiii, ill Nam. Chr 
 
 m., 3r(l Sorius, vol. .wii., \f\>. 173 ff. 
 
142 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 IG 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22^ 
 
 94- 
 
 74-5 
 
 54- 
 
 106- 
 105-5 
 123- 
 146- 
 
 145- 
 76-5 
 
 45- 
 
 26-8 
 
 M -65 
 M -65 
 
 M -55 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 /E -85 
 
 JE -8 
 
 JE -8 
 
 tE -7 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 M -5 
 
 Bronze 
 -Be/ore 387 B.C. 
 
 Lion's scalp ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Sprig of olive. 
 HS type 1. 
 PH type r. 
 
 P H Head of Apollo 1., hair turned up. 
 
 Circa 350—270 B.C. 
 The cltij iras rcstuied hy Dionijsins II., circa 350 B.C. 
 
 Lion's scalp ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PHriNIlN Head of Apollo r., laur.; 
 hair long ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 behind, strigil ? 
 
 ,, dolphin 1., upwards. 
 
 ,, bucranium. 
 
 behind, ivy-leaf. 
 
 [Plate x. 8.] 
 
 type 1.; behind, helmet, 
 type r. ; symbol, uncertain. 
 
 PHr I NUN Lyre; above, crescent 
 with horns downwards ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate x. 9.] 
 
 Circa 270—203 b.c. 
 The weight of the silver of this ^jeriod points to close commercial relations with Sicily. 
 
 Silver 
 Piece of Two Litrae. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair long ; 
 behind, dolphin downwards; border of 
 dots. 
 
 PHr I NflN Lion's scalp; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate x. 10.] 
 
 * This coin does not form part of the original Hunter Cabinet. It was one of the small hoard 
 moutidnod on p. •75 (footnote). 
 

 RHEGIUM 
 
 143 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 23 
 
 154- 
 
 M :9 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laiir. ; liair long; 
 border of dots. 
 
 PHTI NflN Tripod-lebes, with neck 
 and three handles ; beneath, omphalos ; 
 in field 1., P ; border of dots. 
 
 24 
 
 35- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (behind, traces of symbol ?) 
 
 PHTI NHN Tripod-lebcs, with three 
 handles ; border of dots. 
 
 25 
 
 27-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 tripod-lebes has neck. 
 
 -» 
 
 26 
 
 120- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Similar type 1. ; behind, bow ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 PHTI NUN Tripod-lebes, with neck 
 and three handles ; border of dots. 
 
 27 
 
 117- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type 1. ; border of dots, 
 behind, conmcopiae. 
 
 PHri Similar; handles resemble 
 NUN wheels of four spokes. 
 
 28 
 
 112- 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, lyi-e. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 /PHTx 
 
 \NaNJ 
 
 X. 11.] 
 
 29 
 
 112-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 behind, uncertain symbol. 
 
 (No. 29 is ck 
 
 ublo-struck. ) 
 
 30 
 
 190- 
 
 M -95 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; haii' in knot behind ; behind, 
 bow. and over shoulder, quiver ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [ P] H r 1 N n N Apollo, naked, seated 1 . 
 on om]>halos, holding arrow and strung 
 bow ; border of dots. 
 
 31 
 
 98-5 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Artemis r., weai-ing stephane, 
 earring and necklace ; over shoulder, 
 bow and quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 P H r 1 Lp-e of seven strings ; border of 
 NHN dots. 
 
 32 
 
 120-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Pf 1 Lyre of five strings; in field 1., 
 NriN cornucopiae; border of dots. 
 
 33 
 
 88- 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 129-5 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PH r 1 Young Asklepios, standing 
 
 NriN facing, wearing wreath ; r. hand 
 
 sti-etched out, holding branch of laurel, 
 
 and bird ; 1. resting on sceptre ; in field 
 
 1., cornucopiae ; border of dots. 
 
 35 
 
 120- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 
nuUBf^i 
 
 144 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 36 
 
 24-5 
 
 IE -6 
 
 Head of Artemis r., liair gathered in knot 
 behind; bow and quiver over shoulder; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 • 
 
 IN Naked male figure standing 
 
 1., leaning with r. on long staff, and 
 holding in his 1. a parazonium resting 
 on hip ; in field 1., cuirass. 
 
 X. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 203—89 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 <- 
 
 
 Full Weight 
 Tetrantes 
 
 
 
 
 Heads jugate r., of Apollo, laur., and 
 Artemis, wearing stephane and necklace ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 P H r 1 Tripod-lebes, with neck and three 
 NX2N handles; infield r., J ; border 
 
 of dots. • 
 
 • 
 
 37 
 
 179- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 ben-ies in Apollo's wreath. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 37 is restruck.) 
 
 38 
 
 176-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 no berries ; behind, O 
 
 [Plate x. 13.] 
 
 39 
 
 107-5 
 
 JE -95 
 
 no berries ; behind, forceps. 
 
 (No. 39 is restriu-k.) 
 
 40 
 
 174-5 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 behind, traces of symbol. 
 
 
 PHriNUN Similar; but above mai-ks 
 of value, )^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Reduced Weight 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pentonkia 
 
 41 
 
 202-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Janiform female head, with modius ; each 
 head wears stephane, earring, and neck- 
 lace ; border of dots. 
 
 PHriNnN Asklepios, naked to waist, 
 seated 1. on high-backed chair, leaning 
 Avith r. on staff ; in field 1., fl and 
 tripod ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 PH n NXIN Similar type ; iu field 1., R ; 
 plain border. i 
 
 42 
 
 167- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 
 inscr. obscure. 
 
 43 
 
 183- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (No. 43 is 
 
 rostruck on t 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar ; but serpent twined round staff. 
 
 I tetras of Full Weight.) 
 X. 14.] 
 
 44 
 
 136-5 
 
 M I- 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 
 1 no border visible ; inscr. obscure. 
 
RHEGIUM 
 
 145 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 45 
 
 171- 
 
 M 11 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing stepliane ; 
 over shoulder, quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 PHPIN . . Apollo, naked, .seated 1. on 
 omjjhalos, holding arrow and strung 
 bow ; in iield 1., TT ; border of dots. 
 
 4G 
 
 9:3- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Athenian helmet, 
 adorned with griffin ; border of dots. 
 
 (griffin on helmet, not visible.) 
 
 PHriNnN Pallas, standing 1., 
 wearing long chiton with diploidion ; 
 in r., Nike holding a trophy ; 1. rests 
 on sliield ; spear leans against her 
 1. shoulder ; in field 1., fl and thunder- 
 bolt ; plain border. 
 
 47 
 
 90- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 87-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrantes 
 
 
 
 
 Heads jugate r., of Asklepios and Hygieia, 
 both laur. ; Hygieia wears necklace ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 PHPINflN Artemis standing facing, 
 wearing short chiton and endi'omides, 
 holding spear and bow ; at her feet, 
 hound, running r. and looking up ; plain 
 border. 
 
 49 
 
 73-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 
 in field r., traces of marks of value. 
 
 50 
 
 45-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing stephane. 
 
 )> J» )! 11 
 
 PHriNriN Lyre with five stnngs ; 
 in field 1., MM 
 
 51 
 
 47-5 
 
 JE -65 
 
 boi-der obscure. 
 
 beneath value marks, comucopiae ; border 
 doubtful. 
 
 52 
 
 34-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 above value marks, crescent with horns 
 upwards ; plain border. 
 
 53 
 
 53-5 
 
 ^ -05 
 
 Busts of the Dioskoui-oi r., each wearing 
 laur. pilos and chlamys ; above each 
 head, a star ; border of dots. 
 
 stars not visible. 
 Similar. 
 
 [PlHriNHN Demeter standing 1., 
 holding ears of corn and sceptre ; in 
 field 1., nil, above which a crescent; 
 plain border. 
 
 PHTINriN Hermes standing 1., wear- 
 ing petasos ; chlamys on 1. shoulder ; 
 he holds branch and caduceus ; in field 
 1., MM ; plain border. 
 
 54 
 
 58-5 
 
 yE -75 
 
 [Plate 
 
 in field 1., coi'iiucopiae. 
 X. 15.] 
 
 55 
 
 54-5 
 
 iE -C 
 
 
 no symbol. 
 
140 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 P H r 1 N n N Young Asklepios standing 
 naked 1., holding branch in r. ; on hia 
 wrist, bird with wings open r. ; lie leans 
 with 1. upon a knotted staff ; in field 1., 
 MM; plain border. 
 
 56 
 
 49- 
 
 M -65 
 
 (place of stars, and of symbol, off coin.) 
 
 (border, off coin.) 
 
 57 
 
 43- 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, spear-head. 
 
 
 58 
 
 38-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 11 )i 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 T r i a nt es 
 
 59 
 
 116- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 Head of Asklepios r., laur. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 PHriNriN Hygieia standing 1., wear- 
 ing long chiton ; she feeds serpent from 
 patera held in r. ; with her 1. .she raises 
 her garment ; in fieU 1., 1 1 1 ; plain 
 border. 
 
 60 
 
 100- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 00 is re.stnick on a jjieco resembling Nos. 20 if.) 
 
 fil* 
 
 36- 
 
 JE -55 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 border doubtful ; no mai-ks of value visible. 
 
 PHriNnN (in ex.) The Dio.skouroi 
 galloping r. with spears and flowing 
 chlamydes ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 TERINA 
 
 
 
 
 The Rev. type, here described as Nike, may possibly represent the Siren Liijcia, whos^ 
 
 tomb was at Terina. Compare the fgure of Eirene at Locri {No. 1). Terina, 
 
 irhich icas a colony of Croton, naturally adopted the Achaean system for its coins, 
 
 the wciijht of the stater being slightly depreciated. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 440—400 B.C. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 1 
 
 117-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of nymph Terina r., hair tied into 
 knot on top, and bound twice I'ouiid 
 with cord or narrow diadem ; the whole 
 within wreath of olive. 
 
 ..PI A/AILOA/] Winged Nike, on ' 
 four-legged seat 1., holding- wreath in 
 r. ; 1. hand rests on back of seat. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x. 16.] j 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 * On this denomination (marked xii) see 
 It should be noted that on the preceding co 
 dency for il to approacli the form Q.. 
 
 Mommsen, Hist, de la Monn. Rom., i., p. 139. 
 ms, particularly the later ones, thei-e is a ten- 
 
 I 
 
BHEGIUM— TERINA 
 
 147 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 llG-3 
 
 1171 
 
 1141 
 
 118-3 
 
 12(J- 
 
 1221 
 
 118-8 
 
 9 116-3 
 
 10 114-8 
 
 Al -9 
 
 .'R -85 
 
 Ai -85 
 
 /R -75 
 
 ,R -8 
 
 .'R -85 
 
 .R -95 
 
 .R -75 
 
 Al 
 
 Head of nymph Terina 1., wearing neck- 
 lace and amj)yx ; hair waved ; the 
 whole within wreath of olive. 
 
 Similar type ; hair rolled ; no wreath. 
 
 Similar head r., wearing- necklace and 
 ampyx ; liair rolled ; the whole within 
 olive-wreath. 
 
 [TEPIN]AION Similar head 1.. wear- 
 ing necklace and spheudone ; behind, P 
 
 TEP I A/ A I O/V Similar head]., 
 wearing necklace ; hair bound with 
 broad diadem, and gathered in knot 
 behind ; behind, P 
 
 [TE PINA] ION Similar type. 
 
 [T]EP I A/ A I O A/ Similar type; 
 dialt'in ornamented with maeatider 
 pattern ; behind neck, P 
 
 A ION Winged Nike, seated 1. 
 
 on large vase which lies ou its side ; 
 r. arm outstretched. 
 
 r. hand, obliterated. 
 
 . . PINAION Similar type; r. hand 
 resting on caduceus. 
 
 [TEPI] NA [ION] Nike, with open 
 wings, seated 1., holding in r. caduceus 
 downwards ; 1. resting on back of 
 cippus, on which she sits. 
 
 Winged Nike, seated 1. on cippus, resting 
 her r. on top of caduceus which stands 
 before her; on base of cijjpus, P 
 
 Similar ; but T 
 
 Similar type ; but Nike holds caduceus 
 lower down ; in field r., P 
 
 Similar type ; Nike touches with r. the 
 top of the cnduceus ; her 1. rests on 
 cippus; ill field r., H 
 
 [Plate x. 17.] 
 
 [TEPIA/Al lOA/ Similar head r., 
 wearing necklace and diadem ; behind 
 neck, <|> 
 
 Nike, with open wings, seated 1. on cippus, 
 holding caduc3us, handle forwards, in 
 r., and wreath in 1. 
 
 [Nam. Chron., 188o, Pl. xi. 5.] 
 
 [TEP] IN A [ION] Similar head 1., 
 we.iring broad diadem. 
 
 Winged Nike, seated 1. on cippus; hold- 
 ing in r., by the middle, caduceus with 
 handle forwards ; 1. resting on cippus. 
 
 IJ Z 
 
148 
 
 BRUTTIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 11 
 
 116-4 \ 
 
 12 
 
 117-4 
 
 13 
 
 1181 
 
 1-t 
 
 111-6 
 
 15 
 
 121-4 
 
 IG 
 
 116-8 
 
 17 
 
 116-3 
 
 18 
 
 18-3 
 
 19 
 
 18-2 
 
 20 
 
 16-4 
 
 21 
 
 13-9 
 
 i 
 
 .R -9 
 
 /R -9 
 
 M -S 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -9 
 
 .R -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 [TEPIN]AI OA/ Similar head r., 
 wearing necklace and broad diadem. 
 
 Nike, with open wings, standing 1. ; 1. arm 
 supported on column ; in r. she grasps 
 caduceus by the middle, the handle 
 turned tovvaixls her ; in field 1., altar, 
 on which bird 1.; in field r., H 
 
 [Plate x. 18.] 
 
 TEP[INAIONl -Similar head; diadem 
 ornamented with maeander pattern ; 
 behind, P 
 
 Nike, w^ith open wings, seated 1. on cippus, 
 holding in r. a sprig of olive ; 1. hand 
 resting on cippus. 
 
 [Num. Ch-on., 1883, Pl. xii. 2.] 
 
 TEP [I/VA] lO/V Similar head 1. 
 diadem plain. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate x. 19.] 
 
 Similar type ; head-dress obscure. 
 
 TEPINAION Similar head r., wear- 
 ing small sphendone. 
 
 [TE] PIN A ION Winged Nike, seated 
 1. on cippus, holding wreath in r. ; 
 1. hand resting on cippus. 
 
 Similar type ; on base of cippus, poppy- 
 head. 
 
 [Nnm. Chron., 1883, Pl. xii. 10.] 
 
 TEPINAION Similar type. 
 
 inscr., in front. 
 
 ^-45 
 ^-45 
 M -45 
 
 inscr., behind. 
 
 Winged Nike, seated 1. on cippus; on 
 back of extended r., dove with .spread 
 wings ; 1. rests on back of cippus. 
 
 INnin. Ch-on., 1883, Pl. xn. 11.] 
 
 Sixths 
 
 Head of nymjih Terina r., wearing sphen- 
 done and earring. 
 
 TE 
 
 no letters ; no eaning. 
 
 type 1, 
 
 ^R -55 I type 1. ; much woru, 
 
 Nike, winged, seated 1. on cippus, on 
 which 1. hand rests; r. arm outstretched-. 
 
 r. hand, off coin, 
 
 T E PI 111 r. hand, wreath. 
 
 TE PI 
 
 no letters vi.sible ; in r., bird Y ; in field 1., 
 stai' of eight rays ; much worn. 
 
TERINA 
 
 1.49 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 22 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 27 
 
 28 
 29 
 30 
 
 32 3 
 35-9 
 
 34-1 
 
 50-9 
 
 30-5 
 
 so- 
 il- 
 
 48-5 
 
 Al-7 
 
 M -7 
 
 Al -65 
 
 Al -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 .11 pi. -6 
 
 yE -65 
 ^ -65 
 M -6 
 
 C/y-crt 400—356 B.C. 
 
 Tiiriaa fell into the hands of the Bruttil eirca 356 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Thirds 
 
 TEPINAIHN Head of nymph Temia, 
 wearing earring and necklace ; hair 
 rolled and very wavy ; behind neck, 
 triquetra of legs ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 type r. 
 
 type 1. 
 
 [Plate x. 20.] 
 
 type 1. ; inscr., pai-tially off coin. in field 1., star of eighii ray.s. 
 
 Winged Nike seated 1. on square cippus 
 holding in extended r. a bird r. ; 1. hand 
 rests on cippus. 
 
 ill field 1., t 
 
 Traces of inscr. Similar type r. 
 
 TEPINAiriN Similar type; behind, 
 triqueti-a of legs ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; in field 1., A 
 
 Similar type, but Nike holds in r. caduceus 
 by the middle, handle resting on her 
 knee. 
 
 in field 1., ~£ 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Female head I., wearing sphendone, eai-- 
 ring, and necklace ; border of dots. 
 
 TEPI Crab ; above which, crescent 
 
 with horns downwards : plain border. 
 
 border not visible. 
 
150 
 
 ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 JRo 
 
 .11 pi. -7 
 
 102- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 UNCERTAIN OF ITALY 
 
 Silver 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thi m helmet, earring, and necklace. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, standing r. on 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 Garrucci {Monefe deW Ifalia Aiilicn) fif;nres tliis coin (PL Lxxxii. 18), and assigns it 
 to Alba Pucentib in Latiuiu. It should be compared with the small silver of that town 
 {B.M.C., p. 44). 
 
 Cirrn lOO B.C. 
 
 OnH3 Owl 1. on olive-branch, showing 
 
 Female head r., hair bound with diadem, 
 and waved ; behind, 3 
 
 full face. 
 
 [Plate xi. 1.] 
 
 No. 2 is a local (Lucanian) imitation of the silver drachms of Velia. Sec p. 113. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Aflcr eircd 26S B.C. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Coi'in- 
 thian helmet : border of dots. 
 
 F E I N R E ? Cock standing r. ; behind, 
 star of eight rays. 
 
 [Plate xi. 2.] 
 
 For the types of No. .3, compare the bronze of Aquinum, Cales, Suessa Aurunea, 
 Teauum Sidicinuni, etc. The first three letters of the inscr. arc tolerably clear, the last three 
 doubtful. Garrucci, who figures the Hunter coin from a cast (PI. lxxxviii. 18), and professes 
 to have had a similar one in his own collection, follows Combe in his reading p £ | N N P ' ^^^^ 
 also in his attribution to Venafrum. Apart, however, from the fact that the last letter is more 
 probably £ than F , there are serious linguistic objections to the interpretation which Combe 
 and Garrucci place upon their own reading.* 
 
 * The compiler of the Catalogue is indebted to the kindness of Mr. W. M. Lindsay, of Jesus 
 College, Oxford, for a full discussion of this difficult legend. Mr. Lindsay is of opinion that 
 F E I N R E J^'ght possibly be a locative case, but he is unable to suggest any Oscan town 
 whose name would be an appropriate nominative. There is a twofold objection to the view of 
 Combe and Garrucci. (1) The e of 'Venafrum' is short, and it is in the highest degree 
 improbable that a short Latin e would be represented in Oscan by ei. (2) It would be surprising 
 to find the same symbol (p) employed in the same word with two distinct values (i' and/); 
 V is usually represented in Oscan by C and / by §. On the second point, see Von Planta, 
 Granumtik J.er Oskinch-Umlirischen Bkdddc (Strassburg, 1893—97), vol. ii., p. 649 (Auhang). 
 
UNCERTAIN 
 
 151 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 F«rs/ Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Dionysiac head r., wearing wreath of ivy ; 
 hair falUng iu long tresses ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Lion (or panther) r., head facing, grasp- 
 ing with 1. fore-paw a thyrsos which it 
 holds in its mouth ; border of dots. 
 
 4 
 
 90- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 123- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 in ex., CAI 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Coins of the types of Nos. 4 and 5 were tentatively assigned to Capua in B.M.C, p. 84. 
 Friedliinder {Oskische Mlinzen, p. 8) read CAI ^'^'^ attributed the series to Caiazzo." Garrucci, 
 who figures a coin similar to No. 5 (PL lxxvii. 3), reads Q,/^-^ CAN ^""1 interj^rets this as a 
 magistrate's name, comparing ^ on a London specimen (-B.M.C, p. 84 (22).). He also points 
 out that these coins appear to be found chiefly in the neighbourhood of Orvieto, the ancient 
 Bolsena. They are, therefore, probably Latin, not Campanian, as was formerly supposed. On 
 the date see Imhoof Blumer, Monn. grecq., pp. 36, 37. 
 
 
 
 
 Third Cetitury n.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Horse standing r., raising its off fore-leg. 
 
 Dolphin 1. ; above which, trident r. 
 
 6 
 
 105-5 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 above horse, . AFII ? 
 
 beneath dolphin, . | N 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 4.] 
 
 7 
 
 91- 
 
 M -8 
 
 no letters visible. 
 
 beneath dolphin, MXl 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 Those coins are probably to be attributed to Salapia in Etriiria. Cf. Garrucci, 
 
 
 
 
 PI. xciil., Nos. 30 — 34, where, however, there is no trident on the Rev. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing 
 lion's skin j in front, /t. 
 
 Q . CEP Between lines of inscr., 
 DE III TOL clubr. 
 
 8 
 
 107- 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 Garrucci figures a similar coin (PI. cxxii. 27^ 
 the Hunter specimen, however, does not cori'es 
 does the explanation suggested in his te.xt n])\w 
 Paestum. 
 
 , and reads P^tS <'« the Obv. The inscr. on 
 pond to the engraving in Garrucei's plate ; nor 
 ar sufficiently good to justify his attribution to 
 
MRin 
 
 152 
 
 ITALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 196-5 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet with neck-2:)iece ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 KAISIE EOYMENTHI Thunderbolt, 
 horizontally placed ; beneath, star of 
 eight rays. 
 
 [Plate xi. 7.] 
 
 Garriicci figures this coin (PI. xciir. 35), assigning it to Salapia, and interpreting tlie 
 inscr. as a magistrate's name. His chief argument for the attribution is that the dialect is 
 ' Apulian.'* 
 
 * A more probable suggestion has been made by Mr. W. M. Lindsay, who writes: "I would 
 read the legend as Kaisie Eniisenfei, ' Caesius [name of magistrate] at Uxentum,' the first word 
 being in the nominative {-e for the fuller -es), and the second in the locative case. The dialect 
 of Uxentum was Messapian (the term ' Apulian' is now given up). In the legend OY represents 
 the u- sound (cf. 'AovKos = Aulus, and TlaovWiva = PauUina, C.I.G. 2656 b add., 6665, also 
 aouTf/j. = autem in the Lead tablet of Hadrumetum, 2nd cent. A. D.)— while Y would represent 
 the M- sound — -and the common letter M (sec Mommscn, Vnterital. DiaJekte, p. 5) some sibilant 
 sound, variously transliterated as x, ss (s), etc. The symbol generally used nowadays for tlie 
 latter is «. The name of the town appears in various forms — Uzentini in Livy, OS^evToi' in Ptolemy, 
 Aofc- and O^af- on coins. (See Corpus Inscr. Lat., ix., p. 3)." It is only fair to say that 
 Mr. Lindsay would wish his suggestion to be regarded as tentative, since " the slightness of the 
 material for a knowledge of the Accidence and Orthography of the Messapian dialect makes it 
 impossible to speak with certainty." It should be added that a careful re-examinatiou of the coin 
 has revealed what appear to be traces of the final < of K A I < I E$ . 
 
SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weighi- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveksk 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ABACAENUM 
 
 
 
 
 r/(C coinage of Abacaenum, Greek hi all hut in iceight, shows to ivhat an extent 
 
 the non- Greek towns of the island were under Hellenic influence. 
 
 Cf. Ekys, Morgantina, etc. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 450—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae 
 
 1 
 
 9-6 
 
 M -55 
 
 Bearded head (Zens ?) r., laur. ; hair in 
 bunch behind ; border of dots. 
 
 Boar standing r. ; plain border. 
 
 1 '^Al A>i in front, acorn 1. ; first part of 
 . BA inscr., in exergue. 
 
 2 
 
 101 
 
 M -5 
 
 ABAK 
 
 ABAK (above) ; in front, acorn with 
 leaves upwards, inclined towards r. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 8.] 
 
 
 
 
 ABAK Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; in fi'ont, acorn 1. 
 
 3 
 
 8- 
 
 M -46 
 
 
 ABA 
 
 4 
 
 9'6 
 
 JR -5 
 
 inscr., almost obliterated. 
 Similar type. 
 
 ABAK 
 
 Similar type r. 
 
 5 
 
 11-6 
 
 ^ -45 
 
 ABAK 
 
 • 
 
 A 1 
 1 \A 
 
 6 
 
 11-5 
 
 ^l -55 
 
 K A 
 
 A B 
 
 1 A plain border. 
 
 1 w 
 
 7 
 
 11- 
 
 .'R -55 
 
 Bearded head (Zeus ?) r. ; hair short ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ABA Boar standing r. on narrow oblong ; 
 in front, acorn r. 
 
 8 
 
 12-4 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 type and symbol 1. 
 
154 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 9 
 
 11-7 
 
 M -45 
 
 Head of water-nymph, three-quarter face 
 towards 1. 
 
 BA Sow standing r.; at her feet, pig r. ; 
 A line of ex., double. 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Female head 1., wearing sphendone, ear- 
 ring and necklace ; border of dots. 
 
 ABAKAINI NUN Forepart of bull 
 swimming 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 10 
 
 30-5 
 
 JE -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ADRANUM ? 
 
 
 
 
 Adranum, a foundation and dependency of Dionysiiis, was one of the frst toivns 
 
 liberated by Timoleon, one of the effects of tvhose expedition teas a <jreat increase 
 
 of monetary activity throvgJiout Sicily. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 345 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair short. 
 
 Lyre of seven strings ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 132- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 AETNA 
 
 
 
 
 Aetna was tlie name given to the Sihel town of Inessa when it was occupied 
 
 (461 B.C.) by the colonists of Hieron, who were driven out of Catana (q.v.). 
 
 Being practically dependent on Syracuse, it struck no coins except in the time 
 
 of Timoleon, and again after it loas included in the Boman province of Sicily. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 After 210 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Triantes 
 
 1 
 
 S5- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Bust of Apollo r., radiate ; chlamys about 
 neck ; border of dots. 
 
 AITN AIHN (reading from 1. down- 
 wards) Warrior facing, head r., wearing 
 helmet and tunic ; leans with r. on 
 spear, and holds shield in 1. ; in field 
 1., • ; plain border. 
 • 
 
 2 
 
 TI- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AITNAI UN (reading from 1. up- 
 wards) Similar type ; marks of value 
 in field r. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 9.] 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 TO- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AITNAI Similar type 1.; marks of value 
 i2N in field 1. ; plain border. 
 
♦ 
 
 ABACAENUM— AGRIGENTUM 
 
 155 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 50- 
 
 48- 
 
 43- 
 41- 
 
 134-4 
 130-G 
 137-4 
 
 134-9 
 133-9 
 134-9 
 
 M -65 
 JE -65 
 
 M -65 
 JE -6 
 
 .R -75 
 M -75 
 .11 -8 
 
 yR-8 
 M -75 
 ^•8 
 
 Hexantes 
 
 Head of Perseplione r., weaving eari'ing, 
 necklace, and wreath of com ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AITNAI Corimcopiae filleted; infield 
 Q,N 1., J ; plain border. 
 
 iuscr., partly oblitei'ated. 
 
 AITNAI Similar ; but marks of value 
 UN iu field r. 
 
 AGRIGENTUM 
 
 Gold and Silver 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 550 — 472 B.C. 
 
 The folloiring, the earliest Icnotcn coins of Agrigentum, belong to the period hctu:een 
 
 the fall of Fhalaris and the death of Theron, loho had made himself despot 
 
 circa 488 B.C. Compare Himera, Nos. 7 — 9. 
 
 Silver 
 Didrachms 
 
 Eagle with wings closed, standing 1. 
 
 AK 
 PA 
 
 Aq>lA 
 \AA3 
 
 AKrvA 
 
 AKl^A 
 
 aKpa 
 
 aKpa 
 
 Crab (within circular incuse). 
 
 5A3 
 
 [Plate xi. 10.] 
 
 beneath, E V 
 
 ,, bai'leycorn. 
 
 Corinthian lielniet, willioul 
 X 2 
 
 crest. 
 
■mnni 
 
 156 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type r. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 
 7 
 
 127-8 
 
 M '85 
 
 A K 
 A 9 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 132-9 
 
 M -75 
 
 A. A 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 129-1 
 
 M -8 
 
 A K 
 P A 
 
 CAZ; in r. claw, mnrex-shell. 
 
 
 10 
 
 132-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 A K (eagle on rcwk ?) 
 P A 
 
 beneath, A 
 
 
 11 
 
 131-3 
 
 ^-8 
 
 A K 
 P A 
 
 ,, barleycorn. 
 
 
 12 
 
 136-2 
 
 M -75 
 
 9 H 
 
 A- A 
 
 ,, young male head r. 
 
 
 13 
 
 128-7 
 
 M -8 
 
 9 >| plain border. 
 
 A[A] 
 
 55 ;j 
 
 
 14 
 
 133-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 AKPA[C] Eagle with wings closed, 
 50TVVA standing 1.; plain border. 
 
 Crab. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 472 — 415 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oil the death of Theron a democracy tvas established, and Agrigetdum grew 
 
 in icealth and importance. 
 
 rapidly 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 15 
 
 266-9 
 
 M -95 
 
 AKPAC h\KTO% Eagle, with wings 
 closed, standing 1. on line of dots. 
 
 Crab ; beneath, rose, on either 
 which a spray. 
 
 side of 
 
 16 
 
 269-7 
 
 M -95 
 
 A K P A C Similar ; bnt eagle on top of 
 $OT^A Ionic column. 
 
 Crab ; above, <|> ; beneath, rose, on either 
 side of which two sprays. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eagle, with wings closed, standing 1. 
 
 Crab. 
 
 
 17 
 
 269-4 
 
 mil5 
 
 aKpac 
 
 SOTMA 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 13.] 
 
 
 18 
 
 257-2 
 
 M 1- 
 
 AKPAC AA/T05 
 
 1 
 
 
AGRIGENTUM 
 
 157 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Eagle, -witli wings closed, standing 1. 
 
 Crab. 
 
 19 
 
 1371 
 
 M -9 
 
 AKPAC AA/T05 
 
 
 20 
 
 135-8 
 
 M -85 
 
 50T\AA 3A9|>IA 
 
 
 
 
 
 Li trae 
 
 
 
 
 Eagle 1., with closed wings, standing on 
 
 Crab. 
 
 
 
 
 capital of Corinthian column ; border 
 
 
 
 
 
 of dots. 
 
 
 21 
 
 12-9 
 
 M -4 
 
 A K 
 A q 
 
 beneath, rose. 
 
 22 
 
 9-9 
 
 Ai -35 
 
 5) 
 
 beneath, Al 
 
 23 
 
 8-5 
 
 M -35 
 
 y\ A 
 
 P A 
 
 )) 55 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415—406 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Daring the Athenian expedition the city remained neutral ; hut it doubtless shared 
 
 
 
 
 in the general prosperity that folloved the Syracusan victory. It ivas sacked 
 hy the Carfhayivians in 406 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 AKPA Eagle, with wings closed, stand- 
 
 Crab; beneath, SIAA ; ])laiu border. 
 
 
 
 
 ing 1. on rocks, teai-ing sei-jient which 
 it holds in its talons ; on i-ocks, • • ; 
 
 $o\A 
 
 24 
 
 20-6 
 
 N -5 
 
 plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi. 14.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrad rachm 
 
 
 
 
 Two eagles r., standing on supine hare, 
 which lies on rocks ; the further, with 
 
 Quadriga 1., driven by Nike, who holds 
 goad in r. and reins in 1.; hoi'ses in 
 
 
 
 
 open wings, about to tear the prey ; 
 the nearer, with closed wings, raising 
 its head and screaming; in field 1., 
 
 high action; in ex., club? 1.; border 
 of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 lion's head 1., with open jaws. 
 
 
 25 
 
 213-2 
 
 /ll 1- 
 
 [Cf. RM.i 
 
 much worn ; traces of insci-ibed tablet, in 
 field 1. 
 
 ., p. 10 (.55).] 
 
Mmnii 
 
 158 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 33 
 
 3i 
 
 Weight 
 
 32-8 
 
 30-6 
 
 32-3 
 30-6 
 
 31-2 
 
 32-6 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 332- 
 296- 
 
 348- 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -6 
 M -65 
 
 ^•65 
 
 /R -7 
 
 JE 1- 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 Eagle standing r., with open wings, on 
 su2)ine liare, which it is about to 
 devour; behind, bai-lejcorn ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar ; but eagle on supine colt 
 no border visible. 
 
 A A Crab; beneath, pistrix 1., holding 
 fish in its mouth. 
 
 [A] K Similar ; but pistrix r. 
 
 [Cf. £.M.C.,Y>. 12 (64).] 
 
 Eagle standing 1., as above, on supine 
 hare; border of dots. 
 
 AK PA Similar. 
 
 Similar tyjic r. ; border of dots. 
 
 Crab ; beneath, tunny-fish r. 
 
 A K P 
 A K PA 
 
 Crab ; beneath, tunny-fish 1. 
 
 A^ [^A] Crab; beneath, tunny-fish 
 r., curved. 
 
 [Plate xr. 1.5.] 
 
 Bronze 
 Be/ore 406 B.C. 
 
 Hemilitra 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, r., standing on 
 tunny-fish, and holding back its head 
 and screaming. 
 
 AKPAfA A/T I/VOA/ 
 
 inscr., obliterated. 
 
 traces of inscr. (retrograde) ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Crab, holding eel in 1. claw ; beneath, 
 conch and cuttle-fish; ax'onnd, marks 
 of value. 
 
 four value-marks visible. 
 
 six 
 
 cuttle-fish to 1., conch <o r. ; three value- 
 marks visible. 
 
 [Plate xi. 16.] 
 
AGRIGENTUM 
 
 159 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Crab ; ai'ound, marks of value. 
 
 35 
 
 313- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 traces of inscr. ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, Triton r., holding conch with 
 both hands and blowing into it ; five 
 value-marks visible. 
 
 36 
 
 258- 
 
 M 11 
 
 „ ,, no border visible. 
 
 beneath, cray-fish 1. ; above, fig-leaf ; four 
 value- marks visible. 
 
 37 
 
 210- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 __A/__0/V „ 
 
 same as preceding. 
 
 38 
 
 327- 
 
 M M 
 
 Eagle, witli wings open, r. ; stands on 
 supine hare 1. and throws back its head, 
 screaming; in field r., cicada; jDlain 
 border. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, r. ; stands on 
 supine hare, which it is about to tear 
 with its beak. 
 
 Crab ; beneath, Triton r., holding conch 
 with both hands and blowing into it ; 
 four value-marks visible. 
 
 Crab ; around, six marks of value. 
 
 39 
 
 204- 
 
 M 105 
 
 plain border. 
 
 beneath, sea-horse 1. 
 
 40 
 
 192' 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 in field r., barleycorn ; plain border. 
 
 beneath, sea-horse r. ; five marks of value 
 visible. 
 
 41 
 
 216- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 ,, ,, no border visible. 
 
 as preceding ; four value- marks visible. 
 
 42 
 
 317' 
 
 M M5 
 
 AK PA ; plain border. 
 
 beneath, cray-fish 1. ; three value-marks 
 visible. 
 
 43 
 
 188- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 [A]K p. 
 
 as preceding ; two value-marks visible. 
 
 44 
 
 304- 
 
 M 11 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 beneath, cray-fish 1. ; above, fig-leaf ; all 
 the marks of value visible. 
 
 45 
 
 354- 
 
 M l-l 
 
 border of dots. 
 (No. 45 is restruck on a hemiliti-on of Himera 
 
 [Plate 
 
 as preceding. 
 : Types^Gorgon's Head, and Marks of Value.) 
 XI. 17.] 
 
 46 
 
 318- 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, sea-horse r., and scallop-shell; 
 marks of value all above. 
 
 Crab, holding eel in 1. claw ; beneath, 
 conch and cuttle-fish ; around, marks 
 of value. 
 
 47 
 
 231- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 
 four value-marks visible. 
 
-^^'.^--cxxxrxrjrjrxTtiaiai/Htiefi^jiii^^J. 
 
 mmm 
 
 160 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weigut 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 51 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 54 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 195- 
 
 340- 
 
 144- 
 93- 
 76- 
 
 121- 
 
 108- 
 
 99- 
 
 122- 
 
 58- 
 50- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 m 1-3 
 
 M -85 
 J& -85 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 M -8 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 Similar type; border obscure. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, r. ; holds in its 
 claws serpent ; boixler of dots. 
 
 Crab ; beneath, sea-horse r. ; around, 
 marks of value. 
 
 five marks of value visible. 
 
 Crab; beneath, cray-fish 1. ; above, J J ? 
 
 [Plate xi. 18.] 
 
 Triantes 
 
 AKPA Eagle, with wings open, r. ; j Crab; beneath, crayfish 1.; between the 
 stands on suj^ine hare, wliit-h it tears two, ••• 
 
 with its beak. 
 
 inscr., behind ; border of dots. 
 
 inscr. , in front ; no border visible. 
 
 „ ,, border doubtful. 
 
 Hexautes 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, r. ; standing on 
 inverted bird, which it tears with its 
 beak ; plain border. 
 
 AKPA 
 AS >!A 
 
 . . P . ; eagle stands on supine pig. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, r., standing on 
 tunny-fish, which it tears with its beak; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Crab ; beneath, two tunny-fishes ; on 
 either side, • 
 
 tunny-fishes 1. 
 tunny-fishes r. 
 
 A A Crab ; I)eneath, two tunny-fishes 
 r. and 1., passing ; only one value-mark 
 visible. 
 
 tTnc iae 
 
 Eagle, with wings closed, standing on 
 tunny-fish ; head turned back ; behind, 
 cicada. 
 
 A A type 1. 
 
 AKP A typer. 
 
 Crab; above, • 
 
 beneath, broad fish r. 
 beneath, fish 1. ? 
 
AGRIGENTUM 
 
 161 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denomination 
 
 59 
 
 36- 
 
 JE -55 
 
 Eagle's head r., without neck ; plain 
 bordei'. 
 
 ^ Crab ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 406—340 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 The survivors of the Cartliaijinian massacre found their icay bach. Instead of issuing 
 new coins, they restruck those of the preceding class. 
 
 
 
 
 Restruck Coins 
 
 
 
 
 (In no case is it possible to determine the exact variety ; but the types are always the same : 
 
 Obv., Eagle; Rev., Crab.) 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles in lion's skin r., 
 within incuse circle. 
 
 Plain. 
 
 60 
 
 276- 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 124-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 62 
 
 288-5 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 within, a second incuse circle, enclosing a 
 scallop-shell. 
 
 Young male head r., diademed ; behind, 
 dolphin downwards ; plain border ; all 
 
 
 63 
 
 187- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 iu incuse circle. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340—287 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Agrigcnimn was recolonizcd hy Timoleon, and once again hecame prosperous. 
 The new types are characteristic of the era of liberation. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Free horse, cantering r. 
 
 Crab. 
 
 64 
 
 32-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 beneath, pellet. 
 
 65 
 
 28-5 
 
 JR -55 
 
 above, star. 
 
 above, f^ 
 
162 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse- 
 
 Reverse 
 
 6G 
 67 
 
 68 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 16- 
 14-7 
 
 292- 
 256- 
 
 89- 
 
 36-5 
 
 92' 
 
 62- 
 
 /R -4 
 M -55 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 JE -5 
 
 M -75 
 
 ;E -65 
 
 Pieces of One Litra and a Half 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; beneath, A\ 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, standing r. 
 AKPATALNTI] NHN 
 [AK]PArA[NTI] NHN 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 14 (78).] 
 
 BrOiNZE 
 
 Hemi litra 
 
 AKPArA$ Head of young river-god 
 Akiugas 1., diademed, and witli short 
 horns ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle standing 1. on the cajiital of an 
 Ionic column, head turned back ; in 
 field 1., crab; in field x-., JJJ ; plain 
 border. 
 
 (value- marks, partially off coin.) 
 [Plate xi. 19.] 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 AKPA TA Head of Zeus 1., laur.; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, 1., standing on 
 supine hare, which it teai's with its 
 beak. 
 
 AKPArrA] 
 
 NTINn[NJ 
 
 Winged thunderbolt 
 plain border. 
 
 Circa 287—279 B.C. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 During these eight years Phintias loas despot of Agrigentum, and ruler of a considerable 
 
 part of Sicily. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laureated. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 AKPATANTIN . . Head of Zeus 1., 
 laui'eated ; border of dots. 
 
 <|>| Two eagles standing 1. on supine hare ; 
 the farther, with wings open, tearing the 
 prey; the nearer, with wings closed, hold- 
 ing back its head and screaming. 
 
 Eagle, with wings open, 1., standing on 
 supine hare, which it is about to tear 
 with its beak ; behind, <}> | . 
 
 [Plate xii. 1.] 
 
AGRTGENTUM 
 
 163 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvebse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 • 
 74 
 
 47- 
 
 M -55 
 
 AKPATANT Head of Aiwllo 1., 
 laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle standing r. ; head turned back ; 
 above, <|)| 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 20 (133).] 
 
 
 
 
 T/ie following were siruch hij Fliinfias for circulation in Ms dominions outside the 
 
 limits of the city. 
 
 75 
 
 79- 
 
 .E -8 
 
 Head of youuo: river-god Akragas 1., 
 horned, and weai-ing wreath of reeds ; 
 border of dot«. 
 
 BAZIAEOS Boar standing 1. at bay; 
 1 N T 1 A plai n border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xii. 2.] 
 
 76 
 
 us- 
 
 yE -8 
 
 
 (border, off coin.) 
 
 77 
 
 es- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 279—241 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Agriyentnm sided mitli Carthage in the First Punie War, and a.t its close fell under 
 
 
 
 
 the power of Home. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r. , laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 AKPAfAN TINHN Eagle, with 
 -wings open, standing r. ; plain border. 
 
 78 
 
 48-9 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 in field r., T 
 
 79 
 
 42-1 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 in field r., /^ ; (TINI2N, off coin). 
 
 
 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 14 (83).] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 80 
 
 168- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Head of Apollo i-., laur.; border of dots. 
 
 Two eagles standing 1. on supine hare ; 
 the farther, with wings open, attacking 
 the prey; the nearer, with wings closed, 
 holding back its head and screaming; 
 plain border. 
 
 81 
 
 111- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 
 
 82 
 
 76- 
 
 M -75 
 
 (border obscure) 
 
 
 83 
 
 116- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 behind, A 
 
 
 84 
 
 94- 
 
 jE -95 
 
 -It n 
 
 above, A 
 
 85 
 
 145-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 ill front, ^ ; no border visible. 
 
 above, H K ; no border visible. 
 
 80 
 
 133- 
 
 7E -85 
 
 no monogram or border visible. 
 
 in field r., HK; ,, 
 
 Y 2 
 
164 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 87 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 91 
 
 92 
 93 
 
 94 
 
 1 se- 
 
 ise • 
 
 163-5 
 
 157- 
 134- 
 
 82-5 
 74- 
 
 97-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -95 
 
 M -95 
 JE 1- 
 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 
 2E -9 
 
 Similar type ; but crawling over head, 
 serpent ; on either side, A and AP • 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 [Plate xii. 3.] 
 
 AKPAr[ANTI]NnN Young male 
 head r., diademed ; behind, bunch of 
 grapes ; beneath, star ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 AIOZ Eagle, with closed wings, 
 
 ZflTH POZ standing r. on thunder- 
 
 bolt, head turned back ; border of dots. 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 21 (146).] 
 
 Head of Apollo r.,laur. ; boixler of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 behind, h\ ; in front, uncertain letter or 
 monogi-am (^ ?) 
 
 AKPArAN Tripod-lebes, with neck 
 XI Nil N and three handles; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 A K PA FAN Naked warrior r., having 
 XI NUN clilamys round 1. arm, 
 
 and thrusting with spear or javelin ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 n in inscr. 
 
 Circa 241—210 B.C., and later. 
 Beonze 
 
 After the settlement of 210 B.C. Agrigentum was allowed to retain special privileges, 
 and pyrohahhj continued to strike money. 
 
 Head of Persephone r., wearing wreath of 
 barley. 
 
 behind, traces of letters ; in front, 
 ACKAAROC 
 
 ti-aces of inscr. 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 Asklepios, facing, clad in himatiou ; r. 
 hand extended. 
 
 AKPAPAN 
 
 . . NUN 
 
 [AlKPATAN 
 
 .. NUN 
 
 AKPArANXINn[N] Eagle, facing, 
 with wings open, on thunderbolt ; head 
 r. ; border of dots. 
 
AGRIGENTUM— ALAESA 
 
 165 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 AGYRIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 420 — 345 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 No. 1 is part of the earliest issue of Agyriiim, ivhich continued to strike money until 
 after circa 300 B.C., ichen it came into the hands of Phintias of Agrigentum. 
 
 1 
 
 267- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Eagle, witli closed wings, r. ; behind, 
 sprig of olive, consisting of two leaves 
 and fruit. 
 
 AT YP IN Al Wheel of four .spokes, 
 between which, letters of iiiscr. 
 
 
 
 
 After 241 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 At Agyritim, as at many other toicns, the mint teas reojpened under Soman injliience. 
 
 2 
 
 78- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 ATYPINA 1 niSI lolaos r., naked, 
 bui-ning with an ii'on the necks of the 
 hydra ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 Hexas 
 
 o 
 
 49- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 ATYPI NAIHN Female figure (Isis?) 
 standing r., with outstretched r. hand; 
 in front, 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xii. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 ALAESA 
 
 
 
 
 This toirn was the 7-allying-point of the Sikels and Sicanians who allied themselves 
 
 with Tiinoleon against the Carthaginians. Nos. 1-3 may have been minted there at that 
 
 time. But the attribution is by no means certain.* 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 no- 
 
 M -9 
 
 KAINON (ill ex.) Horse prancing 1., 
 bridle loose ; plain border. 
 
 Gi'iffin galloping 1. ; plain boi-der. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 29 (6).] 
 
 2 
 
 us- 
 
 ^ -95 
 
 above liorse, star of eight rays. | beneath griffin, cicada 1. 
 
 [Plate xii. 5.] 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 147- 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 ,, ,, no inscr. 
 visible. 
 
 (No. 3 is of rude, almost I 
 
 * A. J. Evans suggests that they should rath 
 of Sicily, vol. iv., p. ;353.) 
 
 ,, ,, ; no boi-der. 
 arbarous, workmanship.) 
 
 n- be assigned to Ccnturipae. (Freeman's Histonj 
 
166 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 91-5 
 
 110-5 
 
 79- 
 105- 
 106- 
 
 207-5 
 
 85- 
 
 58- 
 
 45 
 50-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 2E -8 
 M -85 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 
 M -95 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 U 
 
 m- 
 
 M -55 
 
 M -7 
 
 IE -75 
 
 After circa 241 B.C. 
 
 Alitesa joined Home at the outi^ct of the First Punic War. After the settlement of 
 
 210 B.C. it remained a ^ cifitas libera et immunis.' The title of the town, the fidl form 
 
 of ivhich is 'Apx'DviSeLo<;, is derived from the name of its founder Archouides. 
 
 Head of Zeiis 1., laur. ; border of dots, 
 behind, p 
 
 AAAIZAZ APX Eagle standing 1., 
 "vv-ings open ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 no monogram visible, 
 behind, pSj 
 
 behind, traces of monogi-ani. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; behind, /^ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; behind, sti'ung bow ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type r. 
 execution rude. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 in field 1., cornucopiae. 
 [Plate xii. 6.] 
 
 AAAIZAZ Similar. 
 APX 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 in field 1., bucranium 
 
 ,, thunderbolt?; (inscr. worn). 
 
 ,, tripod-lebes ; ,, 
 
 AAAIZAZ Clasped r. hands; above, 
 ear of barley r. ; beneath, caduceus r.; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAAI Apollo standing 1., holding in 
 
 ZAZ r. wreath ; his 1. resting on 
 
 lyre ; iu field 1., \/> ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar; but /^ 
 
 AAAIZAZ 
 APX 
 
 Lyre ; in field 1., cornu- 
 copiae ; border of dots. 
 
 inscr. much worn. 
 
 AAAI ZAZ Lyi'c ; border of dots, 
 ill field r., /\ 
 
ALAESA— ALUNTIUM 
 
 167 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Dionysos 1., wearing 
 •vvreatli of ivy ; border of dots. 
 
 AAAIZAS Warrior, wearing helmet 
 A PX and breast-plate, stand- 
 ing 1., looking back r. ; leans with r. on 
 spear ; 1. rests on side and grasps 
 sword in sheath ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 15 
 
 45- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 in field 1., cornucopiae. 
 
 IG 
 
 44- 
 
 M '7 
 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 17 
 
 36- 
 
 M -G 
 
 Young male head 1. ; hair sliort, and tied 
 with fillet. 
 
 APX Similar type, 
 traces of rest of inscr. 
 
 18 
 
 40- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Young male head r, ; drapery about neck. 
 
 AAAI ZAX Similar type; but warrior 
 APX wears ci-ested helmet, 
 and looks 1. 
 
 19 
 
 33-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 Head of Artemis 1., wearing stephane ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [A]AAIZAZ Quiver with strap; in 
 
 APX field r., strung bow; 
 
 in field 1., cornucopiae ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 ALUNTIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 241 — 210 B.C. (or earlier). 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing 
 wreath ; border of dots. 
 
 AAONTIN UN Eagle standing r. 
 on quarry ; wings open ; plain border. 
 
 1 
 
 213- 
 
 iE 1- 
 
 beneath, P and traces of other letters. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 30 (2).] 
 
 2 
 
 104- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 (A ill inscr.) 
 
 3 
 
 91- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Young male head 1., wearing Phiygian 
 helmet, bound with wreath and ending 
 at top in bird's head ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 A AON Tl NUN Man -headed bull 
 standing 1. ; from his mouth gushes a 
 stream of water ; plain border. 
 
 XII. 7.] 
 
 4 
 
 44- 
 
 2E -G 
 
 Head of bearded Hei-akles r. 
 
 AAONTI Bow with aiTows, in case, 
 N£IN and club 1.; plain border. 
 
168 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Beyebse 
 
 62 -f) 
 
 M -6:: 
 
 176- 
 
 M -95 
 
 178- 
 
 M -9 
 
 71-5 
 
 M -71 
 
 82-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 AMESTRATUS 
 
 Bronze 
 
 It is doubtful whetlier Amestratus issued any coins before the 'period of Bonian 
 supretimcij. Cf. AssoKUs, Calacte, Cephaloedium, etc. 
 
 Circa 241 — 210 B.C. {or earlier). 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 Avi'eath of ivy ; border of dots. 
 
 AMHZTPA Helmeted horseman, 
 
 cariying large round shield, galloping 
 1., spear couched ; above horse, AE[Y] ; 
 jjhiin border. 
 
 [Plate xii. 8.] 
 
 Bust of Artemis r., wearing stephane 
 with crescent ornament ; behind, bow 
 and quiver. 
 
 AMHZTPA 
 
 tinun 
 
 Apollo, facing, wearing 
 chlamys and playing 
 lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 ASSORUS 
 
 Bronze 
 
 The late date of the coins of Assorus is shotcn bij the fact that all have a 
 
 Latin inscription. 
 
 After 210 B.C. 
 
 ASSORV Head of Apollo r., laur.; 
 border of dots. 
 
 CRYSAS River-god Chi7i3as stand- 
 ing 1., chlamys over 1. ai-m ; he holds 
 amphora and coruucopiae ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 31 (1).] 
 
 Female head r., wearing stephane, earring, 
 and necklace ; hair in bunch behind ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ASSOR[V] 
 
 of dots. 
 
 Yoke of oxen r. ; border 
 
 CALACTE 
 
 Bbonze 
 Circa 241—210 B.C. 
 
 With the ttjpes of No. 1 compare Athens, Nob. 64 ff. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Athenian helmet. 
 
 KA A [A] 
 KTI NI1[N] 
 
 Owl standing r. on 
 amphora r. ; plain 
 border. 
 
AMESTRATUS— CAMARINA 
 
 1G9 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wreath of ivy ; over his shoulder, 
 thyrsos. 
 
 KA AA Bunch of grapes, with leaves. 
 KTINilN 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 67- 
 62- 
 
 M -6.5 
 ^ -6 
 
 thyr.sos doubtful. 
 
 [Plate 
 behind, star of six rays. 
 
 xn. 9.] 
 in field 1., star of six rays. 
 
 4 
 
 38- 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 Head of Ajiollo r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 KAAA Lp-e of five strings ; 
 KT 1 N [H N ] border uncertain. 
 
 5 
 
 34- 
 
 M -5 
 
 Bu.st of Hermes r., weaiing petasos ; 
 chlamys about shoulders. 
 
 KAAA Caduceus r. ; plain border. 
 
 KTINHN 
 
 
 
 
 CAMARINA 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 495—485 B.C. 
 
 In 495 B.C. Camarrnn, n-hicli had hem destroyed half a rrntnni hcfore hij Sijravuse, 
 
 ivas rebuilt hij I£ijj]_)ocrates of Gela. Ten years later the Syracusuns 
 
 again destroyed it. 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 Pallas standing 1., wearing long chiton 
 with diplois, aegis, and crested helmet; 
 she rests with r. on spear ; behind her, 
 shield ; plain border. 
 
 Nike, flying 1., Avearing long chiton with 
 diplois ; at her feet, swan 1. ; all within 
 wreath of olive. 
 
 1 
 
 11-2 
 
 ^ -5 
 
 WOIANM qAMA>i 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XII. 10.] 
 
 2 
 
 11-9 
 
 M -55 
 
 KAAAAP lA/AlOA/; shield in front. | 
 
 [B.M.a, p. 32 (3).] 
 
 Circa 461—405 B.C. 
 
 The town loas once more restored from Gela in 461 B.C. It irns abandoned by its 
 citizens during the great Carthaginian invasion. 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 [VAOI]AVMqA/V\A>l Head of bearded 
 Herakles 1., wearing lion's skin. 
 
 Galloping quadriga 1., driven by female 
 figui-e (Pallas ?J, who wears helmet, and 
 holds reins in both hands ; horses move 
 in step ; above, Nike flying r. to crown 
 charioteer ; box'der of dots. 
 
 3 
 
 257-.5 
 
 /R 1-3 
 
 
 in ex., crane (or swan) flying r. 
 
170 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin, -with paws tied at throat ; plain 
 border. 
 
 [\MOIA\MqAA\A>! (on raised band 
 of ex.) Gallo])ing quadriga r.; charioteer 
 holds reins in both hands, goad in r. ; 
 above, Nike flying r. to crown him ; 
 in ex., three amphorae. 
 
 4 
 
 264- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 charioteer, almost off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xii. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 5 
 
 130-2 
 
 M -9 
 
 Bust of i-iver-god Hipparis, three-quarter 
 face towards 1., with small horns ; hair 
 loose ; on neck, EYA 1 ; on either 
 side, a fish downwards ; all in circle of 
 waves. 
 
 KAAA A PI /VA Nymph Kaniarina 
 seated r. on the back of a SM'an swim- 
 ming 1. with wings spread ; her head 1. ; 
 her r. arm clasps swan's neck ; her 
 peplos falls over her knees, while the 
 upper part is held with 1. as a sail ; 
 beneath swan, waves ; amid which, 
 fish r. ; in field r., fish leaping ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [BJI.C, p. 3G (16).] 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 
 
 
 The liijht we'ujlit of the folloichuj coins shotrs that thcij cannot he of eery earlij date. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415 ?— 405 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tr i ante s 
 
 
 
 
 Gorgon's head, diademed. 
 
 KAMA Owl r., holding up with 1. claw 
 a lizard ; in ex. , • • • 
 
 6 
 
 57- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 40- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, adorned with wing ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 K and ex., off coin. 
 
 Owl 1., holding up with r. claw a lizard ; 
 in ex.,^ ••• ; plain border. 
 
 8 
 
 49- 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 AMA>I 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xii. 12.] 
 
 9 
 
 56- 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 KAMA 
 
 10 
 
 50- 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 ,, ex., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denomination 
 
 
 
 
 Similar to No. G. 
 
 Similar to No. 6, but ex., off coin. 
 
 ]1 
 
 23- 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 
CAM ARIN A— C ATANA 
 
 171 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 345 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 im /7ie h'jHc o/ Tiiitoleon tJie m'mt of Camarina again became active. 
 
 12 
 
 53-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 KAMAPINAiriN Head of Pallas ]., 
 wearing crested Athenian helmet ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Free horse prancing 1. ; in ex. , ear of 
 barley 1. ; plain border. 
 
 13 
 
 .56- 
 
 M -65 
 
 last two letters of inscr., illegible. 
 
 
 
 
 
 CATANA 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 476 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Catana uuis a Cludcidian settlement from Naxos. In 476 B.C. Hieron drove out the 
 original inhuhiiants, refounded the town, and changed its name to Aetna. 
 
 
 
 
 L i t rae 
 
 1 
 
 111 
 
 .R -4 
 
 Head of Seilenos r. ; border of dots. 
 Similar. 
 
 KA Thunderbolt of peculiar form, with 
 A T curled wings ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type; in field 1., uncertain object; 
 border of dots. 
 
 2 
 
 14-2 
 
 /R -45 
 
 
 KATA A/ 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xn. 13.] 
 
 3 
 
 11-7 
 
 yR -45 
 
 Similar. 
 
 KAT A^ (no border visible). 
 
 K ATA A/ E Similar type ; uncertain 
 object plficed transversely on thunder- 
 bolt ; border of dots. 
 
 4 
 
 10-4 
 
 ^1-5 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 11- 
 
 M -45 
 
 type 1. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 461—415 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Some years after Ilieron's death the intruders, irho had in the interval struck money of 
 
 their own, were exjJclfed (461 B.C.), and founded the second Aetna (q.v.), 
 
 ichile the former citizens returned. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetra drachms 
 
 6 
 
 265-3 
 
 /R 1-05 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair canglit up 
 behind under string of wreath. 
 
 [KAJTAA'AIOA/ 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer holds reins 
 with both hands ; above, Nike, flying r., 
 crowns horses ; border of dots. 
 
 7 
 
 264-3 
 
 /R 11 
 
 KATAA/[AloA/] 
 
 line of ex., dotted. 
 
 z 2 
 
172 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 262' 
 
 Al II 
 
 253-3 
 
 M 105 
 
 10 
 
 254-6 
 
 Al 1-05 
 
 11 
 
 2G6-3 
 
 .R II 
 
 12 
 
 265- 
 
 Al II 
 
 13 
 
 62-3 
 
 .R -75 
 
 KATAA/A IO\\ Similar tyije ; but 
 head larger. 
 
 Similar, but Nike flies 1. and crowns 
 charioteer. 
 
 [Plate xii. 14.] 
 
 KATAA/AIOA/ Young male head 1., 
 laur., hair sluirt and wa\'y ; behind, 
 laui-el-leaf with berry. 
 
 Similar, but Nike flies r. ; charioteer holds 
 goad. 
 
 in ex., traces of symbol. 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 44 (24).] 
 
 Similar head r. ; behind, dolphin upwards, 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 Similar tj-pe ; but no Nike visible ; line of 
 ex., dotted. 
 
 [Plate xii. 15.] 
 
 Circa 415—403 B.C. 
 
 Ill this period thr form of the inscription chnnijes. In 403 B.C. Catana was saclied hy 
 Dioiii/sius, and handed over to a hodij of his mercenaries. 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Head of Ajiollo, three-quarter face towards 
 1., laur. ; hair long and floating round 
 him; in field r., HPAKAEIAA^ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KATAA/AiriA/ (in ex.) Quadriga 1., 
 driven by male charioteer, wearing long 
 chiton, holding reins in both hands ; 
 horses galloping, and the rein of the 
 farthest hanging loose ; above, Nike 
 standing r. on reins, crowning charioteer 
 and holding filleted caduceus ; in ex., 
 fish 1. ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate xii. 17.] 
 
 Head of Apollo, facing, laiir. ; hair parted 
 in centre ; on r. side, lyre ; on 1., strung- 
 bow ; beneath neck, ArOAAXl/V ; 
 in field 1., XOIPII2A^; border of 
 dots. 
 
 KATAA/AinA/ (in ex.) Galloping 
 quadriga r., di-iven by male charioteer, 
 holding goad in r. and reins in both 
 hands ; the i-ein of the farthest horse 
 broken and trailing ; above, Nike flying 
 1., holding ends of open wreath ; beyond 
 the hor.ses, the meta is visible; in ex., 
 cray-fish r. 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 47 (34).] 
 
 Drachms 
 
 . EA/A/AA/0$(s/c) Head of young 
 i-iver-god Amenanos 1., with short 
 hoi-n, diademed ;^ around, two river- 
 fishes and cray-fish. 
 
 KATANAin (in ex.) Gallojung quad- 
 
 N riga r. ; charioteer 
 
 holds goad ; rein of farthest horse 
 
 loose ; above, Nike, flying 1,, crowning 
 
 charioteer ; border of dots. 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 48 (37.).] 
 
CATANA 
 
 173 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 61-3 
 
 12-4 
 
 12-2 
 
 11-9 
 
 229-^ 
 
 73- 
 113- 
 
 21- 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -45 
 
 .R -5 
 
 JR -5 
 
 ^1-05 
 
 M -75 
 M -85 
 
 M -5 
 
 A/ 
 
 AMEA/A05 Similar type. 
 
 KATANAlO (in ex.) Similar type; 
 but no loose rein ; beneath liorse's fore- 
 feet, /V\ 
 
 [Plate xii. 16.] 
 
 L i t r a e 
 
 Head of Seilenos r. ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar, but head 1. and wreathed ■with ivy. 
 
 KAT. A/ A lOA/ Thunderbolt with 
 curled wings ; to r. and 1., two small 
 discs ; border of dots. 
 
 KATAA/ A in A/ Similar type. 
 
 [Plate xii. 18.] 
 
 Head of nymph 1., wearing sphendone 
 and earring ; border of dots. 
 
 KATANAin[N] Bull butting r. ; in 
 ex., cray-iish r. 
 
 Bronze 
 Fifth Ceniurij B.C. 
 
 Head of young river-god 1., crowned with 
 reeds ; border of dots. 
 
 . . . NAin . (in ex.) Man-headed bull 
 walkiuu' 1. 
 
 [Plate xii. 19.] 
 
 Second Century B.C. (and earlier). 
 
 Catana early svhmitted to the Romans. The nhundauce of its hronze coina(je litotes that 
 
 it prospered under their rvle. The types hear ivitness to the singidur 
 
 popularity of Egyptian cults in the district. 
 
 Rivei"-god recumbent 1.; in r., cornu- 
 copiae ; 1. elbow leans on amphora ; 
 over 1. shoulder, branch; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Seilenos r. ; border of dots. 
 
 KATANAinN Pilei of the Dios- 
 kouroi ; above each, a star. 
 
 beneath, lion's head r., between /^ 
 and f^ 
 
 between helmets, ^ • above which, owl r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ANA Bunch of grapes ; border 
 
 doubtful. 
 
 traces of other letters. 
 [Plate xii. 20.] 
 
174 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 22 
 
 39- 
 
 23 
 
 28- 
 
 24 
 25 
 
 7«- 
 71- 
 
 2G 
 
 113- 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 51- 
 
 54- 
 
 7E -55 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -7 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -65 
 
 ^ -0 
 
 Heads of Zeus Sarapis and Isis, both r. 
 
 border obscare. 
 
 KATA Two ears of barley with. 
 
 NAI£2N leaves; plain border. 
 
 inscr., partly ofE coin. 
 
 Heads of Isis and Zeus Sarapis (?) , both 
 r. ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 no border visible. 
 [Plate xii. 21.] 
 
 wall Maries of Value. 
 
 Dekonkia 
 
 Bust of Zeus Sarapis laur., and Isis, both 
 r., wearing high head-dresses, Isis with 
 necklace ; drapery about shoulders ; in 
 front, X ; border of dots. 
 
 KA TA Apollo facing ; he wears 
 NAIHN chlamys over 1. shoulder, 
 
 ends wound round each arm ; rests 1. 
 elbow on pillar, and holds laurel-branch 
 and strung bow ; at his feet, omphalos, 
 against which leans quiver ; plain 
 border. 
 
 (border not visible) 
 
 Pentonkion 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 KATA Female figure (Isis ?) stand- 
 NAIHN ing h, holding bird on r., 
 
 and wearing long chiton ; at her feet, 
 dog 1. ; in front, t fl ; plain border. 
 
 Hexante s 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; behind, omphalos ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KATA Female figure (Isis ?) stand- 
 NAIilN ing 1., weai-ing modius and 
 
 long chiton ; r, elbow rests on pillar ; 
 
 in 1. she holds bird; in r,, patera; 
 
 in field r.. It ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate xii. 22.] 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 Ijehind, uncertain monogram. 
 
 Similar ; but figure stands erect. 
 
CATANA 
 
 175 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 29 
 
 47- 
 
 /E -7 
 
 Similar type r. ; border of dots. 
 
 KA TA Similar. 
 
 NAIHN 
 
 30 
 
 43- 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 31 
 
 42- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 48- 
 
 M -6 
 
 beliind, X 
 
 
 33 
 
 40- 
 
 M -65 
 
 >) )) 
 
 
 34 
 
 37- 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar type r. ; border of dots. 
 
 [Pi ATE 
 
 The follouu'ag are without marlcs of value, 
 together, are evidcntlij double Nos 
 
 AASIO Head of young Dionysos r. ; 
 wearing wreath of ivy ; btliiud, A ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [K]ATA NAIQN Similar; but figure 
 holds flower iu 1. ; no border visible. 
 
 XII. 23.] 
 
 But Nos. 35-38, where the brothers appear 
 . 39-42, lohere they appear singly. 
 
 The Catanaean brotliers, wearing chla- 
 mydes, rescuing their parents from the 
 lava- stream ; one advancing 1. with the 
 father, who holds stafl: ; tlie other r., 
 with the mother ; plain border. 
 
 35 
 
 93- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 KATANAinN 
 
 36 
 
 60- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 55 
 
 37 
 
 85- 
 
 M -8 
 
 inscr. and border, not visible. 
 
 KA TANAIHN 
 
 38 
 
 92- 
 
 iE -85 
 
 monogr. and border, not visible. 
 
 KAT[ANAinN] 
 
 39 
 
 45-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 One of the Catanaean brothers, advancing 
 r., rescuing his father, with garments 
 flying; between his legs, serpent. 
 
 KATA One of the Catanaean 
 NA )I2N brothers r., rescuing 
 his mother ; between his legs, serpent ; 
 plain border. 
 
 40 
 
 32- 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 One of the Catanaean brothers r., rescuing 
 draped figure seated on 1. shoulder ; in 
 field 1., star of eight rays ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 KAXA One of the Catanaean brothers 
 
 NAIliN 1., rescuing draped figure 
 
 seated r. on 1. shoulder ; plain boixler. 
 
 41 
 
 38- 
 
 yE -G 
 
 border not visible. 
 
 £1 in inscr. 
 
 42 
 
 17- 
 
 M -55 
 
 One of the Catanaean brothers 1., rescuing 
 draped figure, with staff (his father) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KATA One of the Catanaean brothers 
 NAII2N 1., rescuing draped figure 
 (his mother) ; plain border. 
 
176 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 WEroHi 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 KATANAI Q. N Head of young 
 Dioiiysos r., wearing wreath of ivy ; 
 Lair in a bunch behind ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Dionysos, seated 1,, draped, holding bunch 
 of grapes and thyrsos, in chariot drawn 
 by two panthers running r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 43 
 
 132- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 above, 1E > ^ » a,nd S 
 
 44 
 
 113- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 only K A visible. 
 
 nothing visible in field. 
 
 45 
 
 120-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 KATANAIHN Head of Hermes r., 
 weai'ing petasos ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 Nike advancing 1., holding wreath and 
 palm; in field 1.,^ , ^P ' $' Ijo^'t^^r 
 of dots. 
 
 46 
 
 129- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 KATAN ..UN 
 
 KATANAIGN Head of Zeus Amnion 
 r., laiu'. ; border of dots. 
 
 Aequifcas 1., holding scales and cornucopiae; 
 in field 1., ^ ; in field r., ^>p- and ^ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 47 
 
 130- 
 
 jE -85 
 
 (only fii-st three letters of inscr. visible.) 
 
 
 48 
 
 145- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Head of Zeus Sarapis r., laur., radiate, 
 and sm-mounted by head-di-ess ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 monograms in field r., obscure. 
 
 Isis, facing, veiled and wearing head-dress 
 of globe, horns and plumes, and ears of 
 barley ; she holds in r. a long scejitre ; 
 in field 1., j^, |^ , sistrum, and figure 
 of Harpocrates, holding in 1. cornucopiae ; 
 in field r., /^i^ ; border of dots. 
 
 49 
 
 189- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 
 K . TAN . . £LN 
 
 50 
 
 198-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 KA .- ; placeof .sistrum in field 1. is 
 
 occupied by monogr. that occupies field 
 r. in preceding coin ; no cornucopiae. 
 
 51 
 
 141- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 [Plate 
 Similar. 
 
 I2N ; as preceding. 
 
 XIII. 1.] 
 
 Similar type; in field r., sistrum; border 
 of dots. 
 
 52 
 
 160- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 KATAN A . . . ; in field 1., traces of 
 monograms and of figui-e of Har- 
 pocrates. 
 
 53 
 
 95-5 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 N ; small figure quite dis- 
 tinct. 
 
CATANA— CENTURTPAE 
 
 177 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevkrse 
 
 
 
 
 Janiform head of Sarapis, surmounted by 
 inodins; in field 1., j^ ; and |d>i- ; in 
 field 1'., ^^ ; border of dots. 
 
 KATA Persephone (or Demeter?) 1., 
 
 NAI UN holding in r. two ears of 
 
 barley, in 1. long torch ; border of dots. 
 
 5-i 
 
 192-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 (K, off coin.) 
 
 55 
 
 139- 
 
 M -95 
 
 monogram in field r., obscure. 
 
 ?> 
 
 56 
 
 151- 
 
 M -9 
 
 >» >) jj 
 
 
 
 
 
 CENTURIPAE 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 339 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Apparently this SlJ-el town strticlc no money vntil it was liberated hy TinioJeon. The 
 
 Obo. type is imitated from the Syracusan delcadrachnts of.Euainetos. 
 
 See Syracuse, Nos. 52 ff. 
 
 1 
 
 472- 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., wearing earring 
 and wreath of corn ; around, dolphins ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KE....ir.... (in ex.) Leopard (or 
 lynx) advancing 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 (A restruck coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 [B.Jf.C, p. 55 (1).] 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 241 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Dekonkia 
 
 2 
 
 202- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, eagle r., 
 wings open ; border of dots. 
 
 KENTO Winged thunderbolt ; 
 P 1 TT 1 N 12 N beneath, A ; plain 
 border. 
 
 3 
 
 173- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 [Plate 
 
 \iu. 2.] 
 
 4 
 
 186- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar ; thundevbolt slightly varied ; no 
 mark of value. 
 
 5 
 
 173- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 
 G 
 
 195- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 
 KENTO 
 PinNIlN 
 
 
 
 
 Hemilitron 
 
 7 
 
 122- 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 KENTO Lyre; on either side, * 
 
 piniNUN and ; • 
 
 • 
 
 A A 
 
178 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Trias 
 
 8 
 
 61- 
 
 M -7.5 
 
 Bust of Artemis r., wearing stephane and 
 earring ; behind shoulder, top of bow 
 and quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 KENTO Tripod-lebes, having neck 
 PiniNUN and three handles; in 
 field 1., J ; plain border. 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 H exan te s 
 
 9 
 
 Gl- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Bast of Persephone (or Demeter?) r., 
 weai'ing earring, necklace, and \M'eath 
 of barley ; drapery about shoulders ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KENTO Plough r. ; on the share. 
 PI m NUN bird r.; behind, J ; plain 
 border. 
 
 10 
 
 51- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 77- 
 
 M 1 
 
 behind head, ear of barley. 
 
 
 12 
 
 52- 
 
 M -65 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Mil. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 13 
 
 39-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., laur. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 KENTO Club 1.; below, XI ; plain 
 PiniNQN border. 
 
 14 
 
 23- 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 mai-k of value, not visible. 
 
 15 
 
 22- 
 
 M -5 
 
 Head of Apollo r.. laur.; hair tied with 
 fillet ; border of dots. 
 
 K E NTO Laurel- bough ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 16 
 
 16-5 
 
 M -4.5 
 
 much worn. 
 
 
 
 
 
 CEPHALOEDIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Ch-co 2.".4- 210 (i.e. {and later'?) 
 
 
 
 
 CepTialoedium icas originalli] a dependency of Ilimera. It seems to have issued no 
 moneij of its oicn until it came into possession of the Romans. 
 
 1 
 
 105- 
 
 M -s:, 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., laur. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 KE <I>A Club downwards; behind, 
 lion's skin and bow-case ; border of 
 dots. 
 
CEN'ICJRIPAE— ENNA 
 
 179 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Ohveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 2 
 
 106-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 KE<I> A Club downwards ; from the 
 handle hangs on one side, by the tail, 
 a lion's skin, on the other side, by the 
 strap, case containing strung bow and 
 three arrows ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., 'p. 57 (4).] 
 
 3 
 
 8G-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 - 
 
 4 
 
 54- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Female head r. ; hair in small knot behind ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 KE <I>A Dionysos standing 1., holding 
 kantharos, and thyrsos with fillet, his 
 1. elbow resting on a pillar ; at his feet 
 1., panther 1. with fore-paw raised, look- 
 ing back ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiu. 4.] 
 
 5 
 
 44-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 •6 
 
 87- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Young male head v., wearing wreath of 
 laurel ; border of dots. 
 
 KE <t>A Apollo, naked, standing towards 
 1. ; holds in exteuded r. patera, while 
 his 1. elbow rests on lyre supported by 
 omphalos ; border of dots. 
 
 7 
 
 70-5 • 
 
 JE -75 
 
 traces of lettei-s ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plajk xiu. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 ENNA 
 
 
 
 
 The colti-fi/iK's ofEuua lUustrate its connection with the tcorship of Demeter and 
 
 Ferticjihone, of the latter of whom Prndentivs says '■'■ iilacatur vaccae 
 
 aterilis cervice resecta."* 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 AAMA . Head of Demeter r., wearing 
 earring, necklace, and wreath of bai'ley. 
 
 Head of cow, with fillets on hoi'ns, towards 
 r. ; above, corn-grain. 
 
 1 
 
 213- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 2 
 
 48- 
 
 yE -6 
 
 Similai' type. 
 
 * CuiUra Sijiiviii. Orat. i., 35!J, aptly quoted 
 
 EN between two barleycorns ; all in 
 wx'eath of olive. 
 
 by Torreuuizza. Cf. Virgil, Aca., vi. -ZTA. 
 
 A A 2 
 
HRin 
 
 180 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 101- 
 
 44- 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -6 
 
 354- 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 111-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 115- 
 
 M -8 
 
 155- 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 8!)- 
 
 After circa 258 B.C. 
 
 ENNAI QN Triptolemos standing 
 
 fa' i)ig, holding in r. sceptre ; over 1. 
 shoulder, chlamys ; border of dots. 
 
 Two winged serpents r., joked to a ])lougli; 
 beneath, bai-leycoi-n ; border of dots. 
 
 ENNAIHN Goat reclining r. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [Plate xni. 6.] 
 
 Boar r. ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 As a lioman Municipium. 
 
 [L]A\VN . Head of Demeter 1., 
 A\ • CESTIVS wearing veil and 
 
 stephane, hair wreathed with barley. 
 
 AWN -HENNA Female head r. 
 
 (Artemis '?), wearing earring and neck- 
 lace ; hair in bunch behind. 
 
 MVN • HEN Hades in fast quadriga 
 r. ; his chlamys arched over his head ; 
 in 1., sceptre ; with r. carrying off 
 Persephone, who leans backwards. 
 
 AACESTIVS L MVNATIVS IIVI 
 
 Male hgure 1. (Triptolemos ?) ; r. hand 
 extended ; chlamys over 1. shoulder ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ENTELLA 
 
 EateUa, prohahli/ nt first, a Siranlan town, was seized in 4U4 B.C. hij Cnmpcinians 
 
 who had served in the Carthatjinian army. Hence the le.ijend on the Itev. of Nos. 1 
 
 and 2. No. 3, which originally bore the name of L. Seiiipronlns Atratinns, helouijs 
 
 to the time of the Second Triiunciratc. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 ENTE Head of Persephone r., wear- 
 ing' wreath of corn, earrine-, and neck- 
 lace ; hair falling behind and gathei-ed 
 together with a coi'd. 
 
 KAMPANXIN Pegasos flying 
 1. ; beneath, Corinthian helmet without 
 crest r. 
 
 [Plate xiii. 7.] 
 
 ENTE A A AZ Bearded head r., 
 wearing closc-titting helmet with cheek- 
 pieces, adorned with wreath; border of 
 dots. 
 
 K _ _ _ Pegasos flying r. ; beneath, 
 thunderbolt ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 After 241 B.C. 
 
 Head of Helios r., radiate. 
 .E -8 I no inscr. visiljle. 
 
 €NT€A 
 
 AIN CON 
 
 Female figure 1., holding 
 patera and cornucopiae. 
 
ENNA— GELA 
 
 181 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ERYX 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415 400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Eryx icaa a town of the FAipnl, hut Its coliifi f<hoin tlutt it must have been lanjehj 
 Helleiii>:cd. Sec under Abacaencm. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae 
 
 1 
 
 13-4 
 
 M -5 
 
 Aphrodite 1., seated, wearing long chiton ; 
 her 1. hand resting on seat ; in her r., 
 dove, with wings open, r. ; behind, tree; 
 border of dots. 
 
 EPV Kl [NON] Hound r. ; above, 
 swastica ornament. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiii. 8.] 
 
 2 
 
 11-3 
 
 .R -45 
 
 border not visible. J 
 
 GELA 
 
 Silver 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Before circa 466 B.C. 
 
 Gela was a colon// from Crete and Bhodes. The follounng coins belong mainly to 
 the reigns of Hippoerutes and Gelon; the latter of n-hom, howecer, wealcened the 
 city greatly by tninsferring half of its inhabitants to Syracuse, ivhere he had made 
 himself tyrant. It is possible that the Nike on the Obr. is a direct cdluston to the 
 victory (/(lived at Olynipia by Gelon in 488 B.C.* It makes its appearance about this 
 time on the coins of Leontini as veil as on those of Syracuse, and remains a 
 usual adjunct of 'agonistic' types. 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 1 
 
 26S-8 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer wears long 
 chiton, and holds goad and reins ; 
 a' ove, Nike r., crowning horses; line 
 of ex., double ; border of dots. 
 
 CEAA$ Forepart of man-headed bull, 
 swimming r. ; all within circular incuse. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiii. 9.] 
 
 2 
 
 261-8 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Similar type ; chai-ioteer holds i-eins in 
 both hands ; border of dots. 
 
 5A A 3) Similar. 
 
 3 
 
 266-6 
 
 ^l 1-05 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer wears long 
 chiton, and holds reins in both hands ; 
 bej-ond horses, the meta is visible ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 * See, however, Imhoof Blumer, Die FliUjelgc 
 {Num. Ziitschr., vol. iii.), -where its origin is trai 
 
 CEAA$ Similar. 
 
 stalten der Atlicna und Nike aiif Miinzen, p. 23 
 :cd to Elis. 
 
mm 
 
 182 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 4 
 
 2641 
 
 5 
 
 268-6 
 
 6 
 
 264-8 
 
 7 
 
 130-3 
 
 8 
 
 131-2 
 
 9 
 
 130-2 
 
 10 
 
 130- 
 
 11 
 
 132- 
 
 12 
 
 14-2 
 
 13 
 
 12-4 
 
 11- 
 
 9-3 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Ai 1-05 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -8 
 .R -85 
 Ai -85 
 
 .'R -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -45 
 
 M -5 
 M -45 
 
 Similar ; but chai-ioteer holds goad in 1. 
 
 Similar type ; charioteer holds goad in r. ; 
 above. Nike flying r., crowning horses; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in ex., ear of barley r. 
 
 CEAAS Similar type; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning bull. 
 
 CEAAS Similar type; without Nike. 
 
 [Plate xiii. 10.] 
 
 Similar type 1. ; no meta visible ; above, 
 Nike flying 1., crowning horses; border 
 of dots. 
 
 ill ex., baileycorn. 
 
 5AA3[)] 
 
 execution. 
 
 Similar tyj^e, of rude 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Beai'ded horseman r., naked ; his r. 
 holds raised spear, his 1. reins; horse 
 prancing. 
 
 horseman wears crested helmet. 
 
 no helmet. 
 
 helmet uncertain. 
 
 Forepartof man-headed bull, swimming r. ; 
 within circular incuse. 
 
 CEAAS 
 
 5AA33 
 
 [Plate xiu. 11.] 
 
 5 AA 3) 
 
 horseman wears tall conical helmet with 
 long neck-piece ; boixler of dots. 
 
 CEAA 5 
 
 L i t r a e 
 
 Horse walking r., with bridle hanging 
 down in the shape of a crescent ; above, 
 wreath ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 Forejiart of man-headed bull, swimming r. 
 
 5A A3> 
 
 [Plate xui. 12.] 
 
 traces of iuscr. 
 CEAA 
 
GELA 
 
 183 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 1.5 
 
 262-7 
 
 IG 
 
 262- 
 
 252-2 
 
 18 
 
 9-1 
 
 19 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 .R 11 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 
 
 91 Al -4 
 
 Circa 466 — 415 B.C. 
 
 Oil the restoration of the democracij at Syracuse (466 B.C.), the deported citly.cns 
 returned, and Gela entered on a period of prosperity. 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer wears long ! 
 chiton, and holds goad in r., reins in 
 both hands ; above, Nike flying r. with 
 wreath and hllet ; in ex., device consist- 
 ing of honeysuckle ornament between 
 two volutes ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 <EAA$ Forepart of man-headed bull, 
 swimming r. ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate xiii. 1.3.] 
 
 Similar; but device in ex., obscure. 
 
 Slow quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in r. hand, and i-eins in both ; above, 
 Nike flying 1., crowning horses. 
 
 CEAA$ Forepart of man-headed bull, 
 swimming 1., ear turned forward. 
 
 $AA3n Forepart of man-headed bull, 
 swimmingf r. 
 
 Obol or Litra 
 
 Horseman prancing 1., weai-ing crested 
 helmet ; he holds reins in r., and 
 in 1. spear and round shield ; plain 
 border. 
 
 CEAA^ Forepart of man-headed bull, 
 swimming r. 
 
 Circa 415 — 405 B.C. 
 
 In 405 B.C. the people of Gela had to abandon their city to the mercy 
 of the Carthaijiiiian invaders. 
 
 Obol or Litra 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; behind, astragalus. 
 
 Bearded and horned head of river-god 
 Gelas 1., crowned with barley. 
 
 in front, traces of inscr. 
 
184 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Mktal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 22 
 23 
 
 24 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 SO- 
 
 TS- 
 69- 
 63- 
 62- 
 54- 
 
 49- 
 
 66- 
 
 33- 
 
 42- 
 
 4ry5 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -7 
 JE -7 
 M -75 
 ^ -75 
 JE -7 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 M -55 
 
 iE -55 
 M -5 
 
 Bronze 
 
 CVrcft 415 — 405 B.C. 
 
 Triantes 
 
 rEAAZ Bull walking 1., head lowered; 
 in ex., ••• 
 
 Wheel of four spokes ; in the spaces 
 between which, four barlej'corns ; plain 
 border. 
 
 [Plate xiii. 14.] 
 
 rEAAZ Bull walking 1., head lowered; 
 in ex., ••• ; border of dots. 
 
 (marks of value, not visible.) 
 (inscr., not visible.) 
 above, barleycorn. 
 
 Bull walking r. ; above, brancli of olive 
 with fruit r. ; border of dots. 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 Young head of river-god Gelas r., with 
 short horns over foi-ehead ; hair erect ; 
 behind, barleycorn ; border of dots. 
 
 no symbol, 
 symbol doubtful, 
 symbol as usual. 
 
 rEAAZ Similar head; hair smooth; 
 same boi'der. 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing 
 lion's skin. 
 
 Similar ; but Herakles beardless. 
 
 Head of Demeter three-quarter face 
 towards r., wearing wreath of barley 
 and necklace. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 TEAni UN 
 
 PEAn I [XIN] Bearded head of river- 
 god Gelas 1., crowned with barley. 
 
 TEAninN Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 [B.M.C. p. 74 (77).] 
 
GELA— HERBESSUS 
 
 185 
 
 i 
 
 No. 
 
 1 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rkverse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tinioleon found Gela in a state of decay, caul sent a fresh colony thither. 
 
 
 
 
 Youth wearing chlamys ; about to slay 
 with sword a ram springing r., which 
 he seizes with 1. hand. 
 
 Free horse prancing r. 
 
 31 
 
 180- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 helmet, off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. BJT.C, p. 75 (79).] 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 241 w.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young river-god Gelas r., crowned 
 with reeds ; border of dots. 
 
 rEAQ.1 UN Youth r., wearing crested 
 helmet and chlamys, about to slay with 
 sword a ram springing r., which he 
 holds with 1. hand ; behind, H 
 
 32 
 
 108- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 plain border. 
 
 33 
 
 121- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 border of dots ; no insci'. visible. 
 
 34 
 
 63- 
 
 M -85 
 
 countermarked (on neck and chin) with 
 bucranium. ' 
 
 inscr. as usual ; no border visible ; and H 
 doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 HERBESSUS 
 
 
 
 
 Ilcrhcssus, nice some other Silcel towns, e.g. Centnripae (q.v.), first sirnclc money 
 about the time of Timoleon. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 289- 
 
 M M 
 
 Head of nymph Sikelia r., with wavy 
 hair ; plain border. 
 
 Head and neck of man-headed bull r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 (Restruck on a piece resembling Syracuse No. 114 ; EY0 and outline of hair of Zeus, still 
 
 visible on Reverse.) 
 
 
 
 
 . [Platk 
 
 \\u. 15.] i 
 
 i; i; 
 
ISO 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Heverse 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 HIMERA 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 A e g i n e t i c Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 482 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 TJie standard of the fuUowhrg series is the same as that of the earliest coins 
 of the other Chalcidic colonies in the West (Naxns, Zancle, Cnmae, lihegium). 
 It is probable that it was introduced from the island of Naxos. In practice 
 it %coidd be conrenient for the trade with Corcyra (q.v.) .* The cock is connected 
 icith the loorsliip of Aslclepios, or of Herakles, who teas associated with the 
 warm S2rrings, famous as earli/ as the dat/s of Pindar (Oh/mp. xii. 19), and alluded^ 
 to in the Bev. t'l/pe of Nos. 10 /. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 1 
 
 84-7 
 
 M -85 
 
 Cock advancing 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Square device, consisting of four triangles 
 incuse and four in relief, the whole 
 giving the effect of a mill-sail ; all 
 within incuse border of small squares. 
 
 
 
 
 IBM.C. p. 76 (1).] 
 
 2 
 
 82-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 type r. i 
 
 
 
 
 Cock advancing r. ; boi-dei' of dots. 
 
 Hen r. ; border of dots ; all within circular 
 incuse. 
 
 3 
 
 85-6 
 
 M -7.5 
 
 V 
 
 above, dot and V 
 
 [Plate ? 
 Cock 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 uii. 16.] 
 
 Hen 1., enclosed by linear square; all 
 within incuse square. 
 
 4 
 
 91-2 
 
 ^•85 
 
 above, dot. 
 
 border of lines. 
 
 
 
 
 [Platk .XIII. 17.] 
 
 5 
 
 89-6 
 
 M -8 
 
 no dot. 
 
 incuse boi'der of small squai-es. 
 
 6 
 
 88-9 
 
 M -8 
 
 type r. ; in front, J V 
 
 * Dr. Imhoof-Blumer has pointed out that 
 octobols. Thus three of them would make one 
 be equal to two Corinthian drachms. 
 
 these light Aeffinetic drachms are also Attic 
 Attic tetradrachm, while each of them would 
 
HIMERA 
 
 187 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 131-4 
 132-4 
 
 134-2 
 
 .11 -85 
 M -9 
 
 -R -8 
 
 262-4 
 
 2G3-8 
 
 Al 1-1 
 
 -R 1- 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 482—472 B.C. 
 
 In 482 K.c. Himera was captured by Theron of Agrigentum. Hence the change of 
 standard and the Agrigentinc type on the reverse. Theron died 472 B.C. 
 
 Cock 1. 
 
 AqaMiH 
 
 HIAAEPA 
 HIAAEPA; alH.vo. V 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Crab. 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 78(24).] 
 
 Circa 472—409 B.C. 
 
 On Theron's death, his son Thrasydaios, who had acted as governor at Himera, was 
 driven out. The city prospered till it was stormed and utterly destroyed by the 
 Carthaginians in 409 B.C. No. 16 was p}robahly comitcrmarlccA tvith the emblem of 
 Seliniis in 408. when Hermol-rates, soon after the sad- of the tivo towns, reoccupied the 
 latter irifh a thousand of the homeless Hinieraeans.* 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 ^^0|A 93 AM fin ex.) Slow quadriga 
 1. ; cbai-ioteer wears long cbiton, and 
 bolds goad in r., and reins in both 
 bands ; ul)()ve, iS[ike flying r. to crown 
 cbarioteer ; in ex. (dividing inscr.), 
 cock I'umiiiig l. ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type : nothing visible in ex. ; 
 same border. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Nymph Himera, wearing sleeved chiton 
 and peplos, of which ends fall over 
 r. arm, standing 1.; she holds in r. 
 patera over altar with conical top, her 
 1. hand stretched out open ; above 1. 
 ai'm, barleycorn ; to r. of nymph, 
 Seilenos bending sideways, and catching 
 on 1. shoulder a jet of water from a 
 lion's head fountain resting on raised 
 base. 
 
 [lAAEP] AlO /y Similar type; no 
 bai'leycorn in field ; Seilenos stands 
 erect towards r. and catches water on 
 hands. 
 
 Mir. 
 
 18.] 
 
 * Dioflnnis. .\iii. 63. Sec Crabric'i, To^ingrajia c Naiiiisntatica dcH' Aniicn li 
 
 81 [. 
 
 B li 2 
 
iil\n 
 
 188 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No, 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12 
 
 131-8 
 
 M -95 
 
 13 
 
 29-9 
 
 .11 -6 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 IG 
 
 11- 
 
 111 
 11- 
 
 .R -45 
 
 .11 O.") 
 
 .11 -45 
 
 17 
 
 245- 
 
 M -95 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 . . A'13A\I (iu ex.) Naked youth, 
 leaping from horse galloping 1.; he 
 grasps mane with r. hand, while his 
 I., in which he holds whip, rests on 
 horse's flank ; border of dots. 
 
 <l3TO§ (in ex.)* Similar type; but in 
 place of Seilenos and fountain, filleted 
 caduceus upright ; above r. arm of 
 nymph, barleycorn. 
 
 [Plate xiv. 1.] 
 
 Hemidracbm 
 
 Naked youth, blowing buccina, seated 1. 
 on he-goat i-uuning 1. 
 
 no iuscr. visible. 
 
 Nike, flying 1., gi-asps in r. ajilustre, and 
 holds up her dress with 1. 
 
 Litr ae 
 
 Foi'epart of monster 1., having horn of a 
 goat, head of a bearded man, paw of a 
 lion, and curled wing ; border of dots. 
 
 Naked youth seated on he-goat running 1. ; 
 he holds with 1. hand horn of goat ; 
 and grasps staff in I'aised r. 
 
 PEM[IH] 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 80 (41).] 
 
 . . E P Alo A/ 
 
 type r. 
 
 O^ , beneath, as countermark. 
 
 selinon leaf. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Circa 472 — 415 B.C. 
 
 (a) Hcacij Class 
 
 HemilLtron 
 
 Gorgon's head. 
 
 ^1 
 
 * No. 12 is one of the six didrachms that have been supposed to read lATON. I have 
 been able to procure impressions of the remaining five, and to establish the fact that all six 
 are struck from the same die. So far, therefore, as this period is concerned, the evidence 
 for the occurrence of lAXON disappears. See Nam. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xviii., pp. 185fT., 
 for a discussion of tlie whole question. 
 
 \i 
 
HI MERA— THERMAE HIMERENSES 
 
 189 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Trias 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. • 
 
 18 
 
 182- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 (b) Light Class 
 Hemilitra 
 
 
 
 
 Naked male figure, seated on he-goat 
 
 Nike, wearing chiton and peplos, the ends 
 
 
 
 
 rumiing r. ; r. arm raised and grasping 
 
 of which fall over r. arm, advancing 1. ; 
 
 
 
 
 buccina ; in 1. hand, caduceus over 
 
 she grasps in i-. aplustre, filleted ; with 
 
 
 
 
 shoulder ; plain border. 
 
 1. she holds up her dress; in field 1., • • 
 
 • • 
 
 19 
 
 90- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 20 
 
 94- 
 
 M -8 
 
 beneath, grasshopper r. 
 
 )) 
 
 21 
 
 72- 
 
 M -75 
 
 )) )> 
 
 )> 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415-408 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Hemilitron 
 
 
 
 
 lAA E Head of nymph 1., v^earing 
 
 • • within wreath of laurel. 
 
 
 
 
 spliendone, earring, and necklace ; in 
 
 • • 
 
 
 
 
 front, marks of value ; plain border. 
 
 
 22 
 
 G6- 
 
 .E -65 
 
 thi-ee value-marks visible. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 2.] 
 
 
 
 
 THERMAE HIMERENSES 
 
 
 
 
 This u-as a loini founded hij those Hlnieraeuiis mho survived the Carthriijininn viassacre. 
 
 Circa 405—350 ? B.C. 
 
 SiLVKR 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 Tetrobol * 
 
 
 
 
 OEPM \TAA/ Head of Hera r., wear- 
 
 Young Herakles, naked, seated 1. on rock 
 
 
 
 
 ing neckliire and ornamented Stephanos; 
 
 covered with lion's skin, holding in r. 
 
 
 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 club downwards ; 1. resting on rock. 
 
 1 
 
 •iM 
 
 .R 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 [Plate xiv. 3.] 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 * or doubtl'u 
 
 guuuinciiess. 
 
190 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Obols 
 
 
 
 
 0EPMITAA/ Head of Hera r., wear- 
 ing earring, necklace, and Stephanos 
 ■with honeysuckle ornament. 
 
 Young Herakles, naked, seated 1. on rock 
 covei-ed with lion's skin, holding in r. 
 club downwards ; 1. resting on rock ; 
 behind, strung bow. 
 
 2 
 
 8-7 
 
 Ai 5 
 
 plain border. 
 
 plain border. 
 
 3 
 
 7-8 
 
 .il -5 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind bow, Al$ ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 4 
 
 117-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 OEPAMTAN Head of Hera 1., wear- 
 ing eari-ing, necklace, and Stephanos 
 adorned with honeysuckle ornaments; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Head of young Herakles 1., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 5 
 
 42-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 Similar type r. ; plain bordei-. 
 
 OEPAMTAN Similar type r. ; plain 
 bofdei'. 
 
 6 
 
 41- 
 
 M -55 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 inscr. illegible ; no border vi.sible. 
 
 
 
 
 After circa, 241 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 7 
 
 132- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing 
 lion's skin ; over shoulder, club ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [e]€PM IT AN (in ex.) Three nymphs, 
 facing, clad each in chiton and peplos ; 
 the one on the 1. holds in r. a bunch of 
 grapes ; the middle one (the City) is 
 turreted and veiled ; each grasps in I. 
 the end of her peplos ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 4.] 
 
 8 
 
 100-5 
 
 .E -85 
 
 Similar ; no club visible. 
 
 * 
 
 e€P Ml Figure of the City 1., 
 
 T A N veiled and turreted, wear- 
 ing chiton and peplos ; she holds patera 
 and coruucopiae ; border of dots. 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 27-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 Female head r., wearing veil; border of 
 dots. 
 
 0€PM[l] She-goat reclining 1. ; border 
 TAN of dots. 
 
 1 
 10 
 
 153- 
 
 /E 1- 
 
 Female head r.. veiled and turreted ; 
 behind, curnucoi)iae ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 eEPMITIlN IMEPAinN Aged 
 
 Stesicliorus. draped, r.. loaning on long 
 staff and reading book ; border of dots. 
 
THERMAE HIMEREN-SES— LEONTl XI 
 
 191 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 130-5 
 124- 
 
 JE -8 
 M -9 
 
 159- 
 
 247-8 
 268-4 
 
 261-7 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -9.5 
 M -95 
 
 M -95 
 
 HYBLA MAGNA 
 
 This toU'ii does not seem, to linre strucTc money till it became subject 
 to Borne. Cf. Amestkati's, etc. 
 
 After rirra 210 B.C. 
 
 Female bust r. (goddess Hyblaea), veiled, 
 v^^earing necklace and modius ; drapery 
 over shoulders ; behind, bee r. ; bordei" 
 of dots. 
 
 (border, ofi coin.) 
 
 Y^A AZ [M]ErAAAZ Maenad 1., 
 
 draped, holding kantharos and thyrsos ; 
 at her feet, she- panther r., leaping n]) ; 
 plain border. 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 84 (1).] 
 I 
 
 IAETA 
 
 Bronze 
 After circa 241 B.C. {See under Amestkatus.) 
 
 lAI . . N^N Head of bearded I Triquetra of legs; at junction, -winged 
 Herakles r., wearing lion's skin ; border ! Gorgon's head ; beneath -which, X ; 
 of dots. between the legs, three ears of barley ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xiv. 5.] 
 
 LEONTINI 
 
 Silver 
 Enboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 500—466 B.C. 
 
 The coinage of Leontini, as is clear both from the style and from, the standard 
 
 used, begins later than that of the other Chalcidic colonies in Sicily {Na.rus, 
 
 Himera, Zancle). The city formed part of the dominions of Gelon and Hieron. 
 
 For the.Obv. type, see under Gela. 
 
 T e t r a d r a c h m s 
 
 Quadriga r. ; charioteer wears long chiton, 
 and holds goad and reins ; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning hoi'ses ; border of dots. 
 
 goad in r., reins in both ; horses galloping. 
 
 goad in r., reins in 1.; horses walking. 
 
 Lion's head r., with open jaws ; around, 
 four barleycorns. 
 
 \A O 3 A 
 AEO /v Tl ^ OA' 
 
 [Plate xiv. 6.] 
 
 charioteer applies goad with r. ; horses AEO/VTI/VO/V 
 walking. i 
 
192 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 SlZ£ 
 
 Obvebse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 250-9 
 
 131-.5 
 
 10-5 
 
 9- 
 
 269- 
 271- 
 
 259-2 
 
 2621 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ^•85 
 
 M -4: 
 
 M -4 
 
 M 1-05 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Slow quadriga r., driven by young male 
 charioteer, r. arm and shouldei- have ; 
 he holds branch in r. and i-eins in 1. ; 
 above, Nike, flying 1., crowning him ; 
 in ex., lion running r. ; border of dots. 
 
 /VEO /V T\A/ O A/ Head of 
 Apollo r., laur. ; hair cut short over 
 forehead, arranged in formal curls ovei- 
 temple, and plaited behind, with tress 
 falling behind ear ; around, thi-ee laurel- 
 leaves ; beneath, lion running i-. 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 87 (10).] 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 Naked horseman r., holding whip and 
 reins ; horse walking ; border of dots. 
 
 AEO/VTIA/OA/ 
 
 r. with open mouth 
 barleycorns. 
 
 Lion's head 
 around, four 
 
 Lion's scalp facing ; border of dots. 
 
 O b o 1 s 
 
 Barleycorn ; plain border. 
 
 AE 
 OA/ 
 
 AE OA/ 
 
 Circa 466—422 b.c. 
 
 When the di/nasty of Gelon was expelled from Syracuse, Leontini naivrally 
 
 became free. It jyrospered till lour hrolce out with Syracuse, when, in spite 
 
 of Athenian aid, it was reduced to a condition of dependence. 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Head of Apollo r., wearing laurel-wreath, Lion's head r. Avith open mouth ; around, 
 hair cut short in front, and tied in ' four barleycorns, 
 bunch behind with cord ; tress escapes 
 behind ear ; border of dots. 
 
 wreath has two rows of leaves. A EO /VTI /V 
 
 wreath has three rows of leaves. V EO /V Tl /VO /V 
 
 Similar type 1. ; hair rolled behind ; incuse 
 border of dots. 
 
 wreath has three rows of leaves. 
 
 Similar type r. ; border of dots. 
 
 two rows of leaves. 
 
 VEOA/T[l] A/ OA/ Lion's head 1., 
 with open mouth ; around, four barley- 
 corns. 
 
 V EO/V T I /V O /V Lion's head 
 r., with open mouth ; around, three 
 barleycorns ; behind, tripod-lebes. 
 
 [Pl.-^tb XIV. 7.] 
 
LEONTINI 
 
 193 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 264-2 
 
 266- 
 
 13- 
 11-8 
 
 11-5 
 
 36- 
 
 28- 
 
 179- 
 
 Al •9.") 
 
 M 1 
 
 M -55 
 M -5 
 
 /R -45 
 
 JE -55 
 M -6 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; haii- loose 
 behind. 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 Similar type r. ; hair short ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 VE O /^ Tl A'OA' Lion's head 1., 
 with open mouth ; around, four barley- 
 corns. 
 
 VE OA'TI/V O/^ Similar type r. ; 
 around, four barleycorns ; in tield L, 
 trijjod-lebes. 
 
 [Plate xiv. 8.] 
 
 L i t r a e 
 
 Lion's head r., with open mouth ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 UEO A' 
 UEOA' 
 
 River-god, naked, standing 1., holding in 
 r. patera over altar ; in 1., branch ; 
 behind, barleycorn. 
 
 [Plate xiv. 9.] 
 
 Head of Apollo r., lanr. ; hair rolled 
 behind ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 U E Barleycorn ; plain border. 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 466—422 B.C. 
 
 Triantes 
 
 AE[OA/] Head of Apollo r., laur., 
 with short hair ; behind, laurel-leaf with 
 berry ; plain border. 
 
 traces of inscr. ; type 1. ; symbol in front. 
 
 Tiipod-lebss, with three handles ; between 
 the legs, lyre; on either side, barleycorn; 
 in ex., ••• 
 
 After circa 210 B.C. 
 The citij coined in Timoleons time, and again under the Bonians. 
 
 Bust of Apollo r.. laur.; chlamys about 
 neck ; behind shoulder, top of quiver ; 
 torder of dots. 
 
 [AE]ONT [I] NUN Demeter 1., hold- 
 ing in r. ears of corn, and in 1. long- 
 torch ; at her feet, plough 1. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 c C 
 
194: 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 20 
 
 110- 
 
 A^ -8 
 
 Head of river-g-od ? r., bound vvitli reeds ; 
 behind, crab. 
 
 • 
 
 AEON TINHN Female figure (De- 
 meter ? or Isis?) r., wearing modius 
 and veil ; holding in r. poppy-heads, 
 in 1. long torch. 
 
 21 
 
 94- 
 
 M -8 
 
 [Pl.vi'k 
 
 av. 10.] 
 
 22 
 
 126- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Bust of Demeter. facing-, wearing wrwitli 
 of corn ; shoulders di'aped; on I., i^lough 
 r. ; border of dots. 
 
 A EON Naked figure of river-god 
 seated r. on rock, holding cornucopiae 
 and branch ; in field 1., crab ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 23 
 
 53- 
 
 M -r.s 
 
 Head of Demeter 1., wearing corn-wreath 
 and veil ; behind, plough ; bordei- of 
 dots. 
 
 AEON Sheaf of barley. 
 TINUN 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 24 
 
 53- 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 no border visible; inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 25 
 
 44- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 plain border. 
 
 26 
 
 54- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Heads jugate of Apollo and Artemis r., 
 the former laur., the latter weaiing 
 stephane ; behind, plough r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Two eai'S of barley tied together ; plain 
 border. 
 
 AE . . Tl NQN 
 
 27 
 
 57- 
 
 M -65 
 
 (No. 27 
 
 AEON Tl NUN (border, off coin). 
 
 1 
 
 i>i rcstruck.) 
 
 28 
 
 49-5 
 
 ^ -05 
 
 
 AEON Tl NHN 
 
 29 
 
 40- 
 
 ^ -e- 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur.; hair long; 
 behind, plough ; border of dots. 
 
 AE ON Lionl.; plain border. 
 
 Tl 
 N£LN 
 
 30 
 
 33- 
 
 JK -oS 
 
 
 
 31 
 
 26-5 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 Similar. 
 
 K^ Forepart of lion running 1.; plain 
 border. 
 
 32 
 
 29-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 29- 
 
 ^ -5 
 
 Similar type 1. ; behind, plough ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Two fishes 1. ; plain border. 
 
 34 
 
 34- 
 
 7E -^S 
 
 
 AEON 
 
 TINnN 
 
LE( >NTIN1 — MEN AENUM 
 
 195 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 (Jhveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 LILYBAEUM 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Llh/b<H'uiii, foimdcd as a refiuje for the inhabitcDifs of 3Ioti/a (q.v.). ivas ii 
 
 stroiujhoU (f Caitlunjiiiiaii injineiice till the Roman coiiijiicxt. For the 
 
 IhniHin iiKKjlstrafe uanwd on Nos. 4 and 5, see Exteij>a. 
 
 
 
 
 After 2-il B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Aj^ullo r., laui'. ; Ijcn-der of dots. 
 
 Lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 12(]- 
 
 JE -8.-) 
 
 behind, dot. 
 
 AIAYBAI ITAN 
 
 2 
 
 101- 
 
 M -9 
 
 [Plate 
 
 \rv. 11.] 
 
 AIAYBAI 
 ITAN 
 
 o 
 
 108- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 over shoulder, l)ow and (juiver. 
 
 AIAYBAI 
 ITAN 
 
 -i 
 
 303- 
 
 M 11 
 
 AIA TAIC Ermalo liead r.. 
 
 tui'i'eted and M-ilod. within enclosure. 
 
 Serpent coiled round ti'ipod. 
 
 ATPATI-- 
 
 5 
 
 279- 
 
 ^E 11 
 
 
 [AITPATINO 
 
 fiYe . . . 
 
 6 
 
 135- 
 
 M -9 
 
 CAESAR AVGVSTVS Head of 
 Augustus r., i)aro. 
 
 QTERENTIO CVLLEONE PRO 
 COS-LILV Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 8.*] 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 
 MENAENUM 
 
 
 
 
 After 210 B.r. 
 
 
 
 
 OriijiiuiJIii II Sihel foioiilatioii, Meiiuenutii icus eiirJij rovqtiered hi/ Dioui/siiis, 
 and rciiKiiiied subject to Syracuse until the time of the Boman dominion. 
 
 
 
 
 Pentonkia 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of Sanipis )•., with laurel- wreath and 
 Egyptian head-dress ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 MEN A Fast biga r., driven by Nike; 
 INI2N plain border. 
 
 1 
 
 70- 
 
 /E -7 
 
 
 beneath horses, TT 
 
 •> 
 
 ■1.9 • 
 
 /E -7 
 
 * fJCU Jl. - 
 
 1) >j 
 
 )l, I'uul niilf. 
 
 c2 
 
196 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 3 
 
 46- 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 beneath horses, TT 
 
 4 
 
 .59- 
 
 M '75 
 
 behind, E 
 
 no letter. 
 
 5 
 
 53- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Bust of Apollo r.. laur. ; hair long; behind, 
 TT ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 M EN A Lj're ; plain border. 
 INI2N 
 
 6 
 
 77- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Siniilai'. 
 
 MEN A Asklejnos r., holding in r. 
 IN £2N patera, iind in 1. serpent- ' 
 staff ; plain border. 
 
 7 
 
 Gl- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrantes 
 
 8 
 
 47- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Bust of Demetei' r., wearing necklace, 
 wreath of corn, and veil ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 MEN A Two torches crossed; jilain ^ 
 1 N n N border. 
 
 beneath, I III 
 
 9 
 
 46- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 n )) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 12.] 
 
 10 
 
 46- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 beneath, ,, 
 
 11 
 
 57- 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 
 ,, A ; border, doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 T rias 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 MEN A Clubr.; in field r., J 
 INUN • 
 
 12 
 
 33- 
 
 iE -6 
 
 
 border, doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 MESSANA 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 A c g i n e t i c S t a n d a i' d 
 
 
 
 
 Be/ore 493 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Messana, originulhj rallril ZancJc, in its first issue* followed the fahric, hut not the 
 weight, of the coins strnrk by the Achaean Monetary Confederation, for which see Meta- 
 PONTUM. Jfter it abandoned the ^JCcnJiar fibrie, it maintained the Aeginetic weigJit (see 
 under Himeea), apparently vntil 493 B.C., when it teas seized by Saniians and Milesians 
 in the interetts of Ana.iilaos of lihegium. Its name icas then changed to Messana. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 1 
 
 85-2 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 D> A N K U E Sickle - shaped object 
 (hai'bour of Zancle), within which, 
 dolphin 1. ; border of dots between lines. 
 
 Incuse square of jjeculiar pattern, contain- \ 
 ing scallop. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 * See A. J. Evans in A^u/t. ChTon 
 
 ., 3rd Series, vol. .vvi., \>\>. 101 If. 
 
MEN A ENUM — MESS AN A 
 
 197 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 117 
 
 265-3 
 
 262- 
 
 265 -0 
 
 265-9 
 
 2(i4-2 
 
 257-8 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revebse 
 
 M -15 
 
 Al I- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 A\ 1 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Al 11 
 
 /R 1 ] 
 
 Ob ol 
 
 Siuiilar. Similar. 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 480—420 B.C. 
 
 From circa 493 to circa 480 b.c. the city struck coins of Attic weight and of types 
 
 similar to Rhegium Nos. 1 - 3. It was prohahhj oa the expulsion of tlie Saniians 
 
 that Auaxilaos introduced the folloirinri typtes. The change in the voioel of the 
 
 inscription during this period is an indication of groicinxj Dorian influence, 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Slow biga of mules i". ; charioteer holds 
 reins in both hands, and goad, and sits, 
 with knees drawn up, on seat rising 
 from the a.xle ; in e.v., leaf r. ; line of 
 ex., dotted ; border of dots. 
 
 Hare running r. ; border of dots. 
 
 AAESSE V^ lo \\ 
 
 [Plate xiv. 14.] 
 
 A\ES9E lO/V 
 
 Similai- ; but mules show signs of action ; Similar ; beneath type, D 
 above, Nike Hying r., crowning mules. 
 
 MESS[E| A/IOA/ 
 
 Similar ; mules walking ; no goad ; leaf 
 has ii-uit. 
 
 Similar ; beneath type, sprig of olive r. 
 
 MES9A \^\o\^ 
 
 [Plate xiv. 15.] 
 
 Slow biga of mules r. ; charioteer, who is 
 seated, holds reins in both hands ;, 
 above, Nike r., crowning mules ; in ex., 
 leaf r. ; line of ex., dotted; border of 
 dots. 
 
 charioteer liolds u-nad. 
 
 Hare running r. ; border of dots. 
 
 A\E$$A A/IOA^; beneath, sprig of 
 olive. 
 
 ME$SA VSIONA ; no svmbol. 
 
198 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal. 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Beverse 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 9 
 
 03-9 
 
 Al -8 
 
 Similar ; cliarioteer without goad ; laurel- 
 leaf has fruit. 
 
 ME$$A \f\\ 0\A Hare running r. ; 
 the whole within olive-wreath. 
 
 
 
 
 Cirra 420—396 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Ill 396 B.C. McssfUKi nms raxed to the ijronnd hij the Curthaij'ni'iniis. 
 It was afterwards restored hi/ Dioiii/slns. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 10 
 
 264-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Slow biga of mules r., di-iven by draped 
 figure (Messaiia) ; she holds reins ia 
 both hands, and stands erect ; above, 
 Nike r., stepping on reins and crown- 
 ing mules ; in ex., laurel-leaf with fruit 
 r. ; border of dots. 
 
 [B.M.C., p 
 
 A\E$ $ A /V lO A/ Hare running 
 r. ; beneath, dolphin r. ; border of dots. 
 
 103 (37).] 
 
 11 
 
 2(32-2 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Similar type; ^lessana holds goad with 
 reins ; no Nike ; above and in front, 
 M E$$ AN A ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Similar type 1. ; farther nmle seen in 
 advance ; no goad ; above, Nike r., 
 crowning Messana ; in ex., two dolpluns 
 meeting. 
 
 A\E$$AA/IOA/ Similar. 
 
 XIV. 16.] 
 
 MESSAA/IOA/ Hare running 
 r. ; beneath, dolphin r. ; border of dots. 
 
 12 
 
 265-2 
 
 A\ -95 
 
 no border visiljle. 
 
 
 13 
 
 264- 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 Similar ; border of dots. 
 
 \AO\ MA 5 53M Hare running 1.; 
 beneath, young male head 1., diademed, 
 with short horns ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 17.] 
 
 14 
 
 250 9 
 
 /R 1-1 
 
 Biga of mules 1., driven by Messana, 
 wearing long chiton with chlamys ; she 
 stands upi-ight, and holds in both hands 
 i-eins with goad ; above, Nike r., ci'owii- 
 ing charioteer; in ex., two dolphins 
 meeting ; border of dots. 
 
 AAE^SANIflN Hare running r. ; 
 beneath, dolphin over waves; border of 
 dots. 
 
MESSANA 
 
 199 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Obverse Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 15 
 
 57-3 
 
 JR -05 
 
 Head of Pelorias 1., wearing necklace, ear- 
 ring, and wreath of coi-u; in front, 
 fEAflPIAS; beneath neck, dolphin 
 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Pheraimon, naked, advancing 1., wearing 
 crested helmet, and holding spear and 
 round shield ; around, <|>EP A 1 M UN ; 
 in field r., I ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 18.] 
 
 
 
 
 Li t rae 
 
 
 
 
 Hare x'umiing r. ; border of dots. 
 
 ME$ within wreath of olive. 
 
 16 
 
 10-3 
 
 .R .55 
 
 beneath, ivy-leaf r. 
 
 
 17 
 
 71 
 
 /R -5 
 
 H )1 
 
 
 18 
 
 11-8 
 
 M -55 
 
 ,, scallop. 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 19.] 
 
 19 
 
 lO-,5 
 
 .R -55 
 
 ,, scallop and A | 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 420— 39G B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pelorias 1., wearing sphendone 
 and necklace; in front, PEAIIPIA^; 
 on either side of neck, dolphin down- 
 wards ; border of dots. 
 
 ME S^A N 1 n . Ti-ident; infield 
 1., scallop ; in field r., hare do\vn\vards. 
 
 20 
 
 70- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 border, doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 20.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 357—282 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 By tic time of Dion Messana had so far recovered itself as to talce part in the 
 morenteut against Diorii/sins II. The earliest of the following were prohahh/ struclc then. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon 1., laur. ; in front, 
 PO^EIAAN ; behind, dolphin down- 
 wards. 
 
 A\ES SA Nl UN Ornamented tri- 
 dent between two dolphins downwards ; 
 between the 2:)rongs, two smaller dolphins 
 downwards ; border of dots. 
 
 21 
 
 221- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 border, doubtful. 
 
 Similar type; around, [r]0$EI AAN ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ME^SANiriN Ornamented 
 trident between two dolphins down- 
 wards ; between the prongs, honeysuckle 
 ornaments ; border of dots. 
 
 22 
 
 189- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xiv. 21.] 
 
 2P, 
 
 225- 
 
 M -95 
 
 border not visil)ie. 
 
 ins(rr., obscure. | 
 
200 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 29 
 
 100- 
 
 125 
 
 107- 
 
 95- 
 92- 
 95- 
 
 8;^ 
 
 89- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 ^ -95 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 ^•8 
 
 iE -75 
 
 Similar type; in front, PO^EI AAN ; 
 behind, ^Jine-torch ? ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of nymph Pelorias 1., wearing wreath 
 of corn, earring, and necklace ; behind, 
 PEAflPIAS; in front, two dolphins 
 
 meeting ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 no legend visible. 
 
 Head of young Herakle.s 1., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 MEZZAMiriM 
 
 MEZZLANinN] 
 MEZZANION 
 
 MESSANinN Ornamented 
 trident between two dolphins upwards. 
 
 border plain ? 
 
 M EZ Z A N I n N Naked warrior 
 
 (Pherainion) advancing 1., wearing 
 crested helmet; holding in i'. spear, 
 and on 1. arm, round shield with 
 chlamys trailing ; jjlain border. 
 
 MES^ANIIIN (in ex.) Fast biga of 
 horses r., driven by Nike, who holds 
 goad in r. and reins in 1. 
 
 Lion advancing r. ; above, club r. 
 
 in ex., pine-torch ; border of dots. 
 ,, ,, border not visible. 
 
 „ coiled serpent ? ; plain border. 
 
 MAMERTINI 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 282—210 b.c. 
 
 Some time after ilic death of Agathol-les his Italian mercenaries vnclertooh to 
 
 leace Sicily. Instead of doing so, tlieij tre<icheronsly seized Messana (282 B.C.), 
 
 assumed the name of ' children of ^tamers' (Ares), and became a formidable 
 
 iwicer ill the island. Their coins shoidd be compared with Syracuse, 
 
 Nos. 199 /. 
 
 AAPANOY Head of Adranus 1., 
 
 bearded, wearing crested Corinthian 
 helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 legend not A-isible. 
 
 MAMEPTIHUN (inex.) Hound r.; 
 plain border. 
 
 above, <J> 
 no letter. 
 
MES SANA— MAMERTI NT 
 
 201 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Arcs r., laur., liaii- short ; 
 in front, APEOZ ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle standing 1. on thunderbolt, wings 
 open ; plain border. 
 
 3 
 
 266- 
 
 M 11 
 
 behind, Macedoiiiiin helmet. 
 
 [B.3LC., 1 
 
 MAMEP TINflN 
 
 ). 109 (3).] 
 
 4 
 
 289- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 behind, spear-head upwards. 
 
 MAM[EP] TINnN 
 
 5 
 
 265- 
 
 .E 11 
 
 spear-head dowuwax'ds. 
 
 [MAMEP] TINQN 
 
 6 
 
 275- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ,, ,, ; (no legend visible). 
 
 MAME P TINQN 
 
 7 
 
 267- 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 behind, cornueupiae ; A in iiiscr. 
 
 MAMEPTINUN ; in field 1., A 
 
 8 
 
 162'o 
 
 M -95 
 
 Head of younf,^ Herakles 1., wearing lion's 
 skin; behind, bow; plain border. 
 
 MAMEP Tl NUN Eagle standing 1. 
 on thunderbolt ; wings open ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 9 
 
 167- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Similar. 
 
 border not visible. 
 
 MAMEPTINHN Similar type r. ; 
 in front, serpent with head erect r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 10 
 
 65"5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Head of young Zeus r., laur. ; in 
 front, Al . . 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Head of young Ares r., laur. ; hair short ; 
 in front, APEOZ; border of dots. 
 
 ]ME[ Eagle, with open wings, 1. 
 lower part of type, off coin. 
 
 XV. 1.] 
 
 MAMEP Tl NnN Bull butting h ; 
 plain border. 
 
 11 
 
 256- 
 
 IE 1-1 
 
 behind, Macedonian helmet. 
 Similar; no symbol ; APEOZ 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 12 
 
 121- 
 
 yE -85 
 
 
 MAMEPTIN UN 
 
 13 
 
 112-5 
 
 M -U 
 
 ' 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 14 
 
 153-5 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 
 MAMEPTIN . . ; no border visible. 
 
 D J) 
 
202 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair long. 
 
 Naked warrior, advancing r., holding 
 round shield ; sjiCiU' raised to strike. 
 
 15 
 
 133- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur.; behind, traces of 
 symbol ? 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 MAMEPTIN .N Omphalos ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 IG 
 
 56- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 210 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The Mnmcrtlnl rcinniiieil sfaiuirh to Bonn' throiKjhout the runic Wars, <nid at the 
 settlement of 210 B.C. Mesauiui was reckoned a ' ciritas focderata.' 
 
 
 
 
 Hexantes 
 
 17 
 
 141- 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Head of Ares r., laur.; hair short; in 
 front, APEOZ; behind, • ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 MAMEPTINQN Pallas (or Enyo ?) , 
 wearing crested helmet, on the defensive 
 r. ; she grasps spear in r., and with 1. 
 holds upright her shield, which rests on 
 the ground ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 17 is restrnck.) 
 
 18 
 
 97- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 lleditccd \Vei(jlit 
 Pentonkia 
 
 19 
 
 172- 
 
 M M 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 MAMEPTINUN Naked warrior, 
 wealing crested helmet, charging r. 
 with spear, and holding roand shield; 
 in field r., fl ; border of dots. 
 
 20 
 
 186- 
 
 M 11 
 
 behind head, stai- of seven i-ays. 
 
 
 21 
 
 i«o- 
 
 M M 
 
 behind head, club downAvards. 
 
 (MAMEP TIHQM) 
 
 22 
 
 125- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 behind head, spear-head upwards. 
 
 (No. 22 is 
 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr. obscure. 
 
 restruck.) 
 
 MAMEPTINUN Warrior r. (hel- 
 meted ?), striking r. with spear in raised 
 r. hand, and holding round shield ; in 
 held r., R 
 
 23 
 
 21!)- 
 
 M M 
 
 I)ehin(l head, pentafrram. 
 
 n(j border visible. 
 
MAMERTINI 
 
 203 
 
 No. 
 
 24 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 29 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 185- 
 179- 
 
 17U- 
 
 167- 
 182- 
 12.5- 
 
 1G2- 
 
 123- 
 
 r2.v 
 
 M 1- 
 M l-O.-) 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 11 
 M 1-05 
 
 JE 11 
 
 M -9 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Head of Ares 1., laar. ; haii- short ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 behind head, Phrygian helmet r., termi 
 natiiig ill griffin's head. 
 
 [Plate xv. 2.] 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Warrior advancing 1., carrying chlaniys 
 over 1. arm ; hokls with r. hand head 
 of horse walking 1. ; in 1., spear ; in field 
 
 1 , n 
 
 MA MEP TIN[n] N; border plain. 
 MA MEPTINUN ; border of dots. 
 
 behind head, parazoninm. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur.; liairlong; behind, 
 lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 type r. 
 
 as pi'eceding. 
 
 MAMEPTINUN Wanior, facing, 
 
 wearing chlamy.s over 1. shoulder; holds 
 in r. parazonium, and with 1. leans on 
 spear, against which rests shield ; in 
 field r., n ; border of dots. 
 
 warrior towards ]., head bent ; il in in.scr. 
 
 Similar type r. ; behind, lyi'e; border of 
 dots. 
 
 MAMEPTINGN Warrior seated 1 . on 
 rocks, on which lies chlamys ; he holds 
 in r. spear ; 1. arm, which rests on round 
 shield, supports head ; in field 1., fl ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Trias 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair long : 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind head, traces of symbol. 
 
 . AMEPTIN QN Nike h, holding 
 
 Avreath and jialm ; in field 1., 1 1 1 
 
 XTneertain Denomination* 
 
 Head of young Herakle.s in lion's skin r. ; 
 border of dots> 
 
 MA[M]EPTINnN Artemis running 
 r., holding long lighted torch ; at her 
 feet, dog running r, ; in field v., XII ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [PlatK XV. 3.] 
 * See p. 14(5. footnote. 
 
 D I) 2 
 
204 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 MORnANTINA 
 
 
 
 
 This was a Sikel town. See under Abacaenum. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 420—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 L itra 
 
 
 
 
 MOPTA N Tl NH N Head of 
 Pallas, three-quarter face towards r., 
 wearing helmet with three ci'ests ; haii- 
 flowing; border of dots. 
 
 Nike wearing peplos, seated 1. on rocks ; 
 holds in r. wreath, 1. rests on rock ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 15-4 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 traces of letters. 
 
 
 
 
 [I'latk XV. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The types of Kos. 2 and 3 hare been suggested hy the coins of Telia. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 MOPrANTINXlN Head of Pallas 
 r., wearing a very highly ornamented 
 Athenian helmet, having three crests 
 and adorned -svith serpent ; behind, 
 owl r.; border of dots. 
 
 Lion r., tearing stag's head ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 2 
 
 254- 
 
 m 1- 
 
 
 between lion's legs, serpent. 
 
 3 
 
 284- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Young male head r., laur. 
 
 no serpent. 
 
 Tripod-lebes, with neck and three handles 
 border of dots. 
 
 4 
 
 54- 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 in front, traces of letters ; border doubtful. 
 
 M oprAN [TINnN] 
 
 5 
 
 45 -r. 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 behind, leaf ; border of dots. 
 
 A\ OPr . . TINJQN 
 
MORGANTINA— NAXUS 
 
 205 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 126- 
 120-4 
 
 240-3 
 
 86-5 
 
 M -85 
 M -85 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 .-R 1- 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 MOTYA 
 
 Silver 
 Eiiboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Circa 480—420 B.C. 
 
 Motija nms a Flioenlclan seftlement. It struck no money vnfil the great victory 
 
 of Theron and Gelon at Himera threw the Carthaginian portion of Sicily ojten 
 
 to Hellenic influence. It is significant that the inscriptions on the coins of these 
 
 Phoenician colonies are frequently in Grcelc. 
 
 D i dr a chms 
 
 Head of nyrapli v. ; hair boixnd four 
 times round by a tillet; around, three 
 dolphins. 
 
 beneath, T2 
 
 MO TVA lO/V Naked youth seated 
 sideways on horse galloping 1. ; he 
 grasps mane with r. ; line of ex., dotted ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 youth grasps reins in 1. 
 
 youth about to leap down ; his 1. rests on 
 horse's flank ; inscr., only partially legible. 
 
 Circa 420—397 B.C. 
 
 Motya iras saclfcd hy Dionysius in 397 B.C. The Obr. type of the following coin 
 is apparently imitated from Syracuse, Nos. 63 _//'.* The Rev. type is Agrigentinc. 
 
 Tetra drachm 
 
 Female head 1., wearing sphendone, neck- Crab, 
 lace, and earring; around, four dolphins. 
 
 [Plate xv. 5.] 
 
 NAXUS 
 
 Silver 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Before circa 490 B.C. 
 
 For the ireight of the early coins of Naxus, see under Himeba. About 490 B.C. 
 the city became subject to Gela, and afterwards to Syracuse. 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Archaic liead of Dionysos 1., with pointed 
 beard and long hair, wearing wTeath of 
 ivy ; border of dots between lines. 
 
 ^Ol XA^ Bunch of grapes hanging 
 from stalk between two leaves ; border 
 of dots between lines. 
 
 [Plate xv. 6.] 
 * See A. J. Evans, Syracusan "Medallions," etc. {Nii,m. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xi., p. 272). 
 
206 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Obols 
 
 
 
 
 Similar tyjie ; border of dots. 
 
 Bunch of grapes ; border of dots between 
 lines. 
 
 2 
 
 11-7 
 
 M -irj 
 
 
 \AOI XAVS 
 
 3 
 
 11-2 
 
 JR -5 
 
 
 NAOIX AVi 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 461 — 415 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Of the fortunes of Naxus under the tyrants nothing is hiown. But on the fall of the 
 dynasty of Gelon at Syracuse it regained its independence (461 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 4* 
 
 238-9 
 
 .R 11 
 
 Head of Dionysos r., bearded, wearing 
 wreath of ivy ; Lair long, and gathered 
 into a knot behind ; border of dots. 
 
 N AXI ON Bearded Seilenos, 
 naked, ithyphallic, with pointed ears 
 and long tail, seated on the ground, 
 facing, head tui'iied to 1., towards wine- 
 cuj) in his r. hand; his 1. hand rests on 
 gi'onnd. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xv. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 liitrae or Obols 
 
 
 
 
 Similar head r. ; border of dots. 
 
 X A Bunch of grapes on stalk ; the 
 1 ^ whole within wreath of ivy. 
 
 5 
 
 101 
 
 M -45 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Bunch of grapes on stalk. 
 
 6 
 
 10-9 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 ivl A ' ^*^^^ ^'^^ ^^'^^ leaves. 
 
 7 
 
 11-4 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 ^ AXI ; stalk has leaves and tendrils. 
 
 8 
 
 9- 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 /VAX 1 
 
 9 
 
 13-5 
 
 .'R -5 
 
 NAXI ; type 1.; hair loose behind. 
 
 no in.scr. ; „ „ ,, 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xv. 8. J 
 
 
 
 
 * The genuineness of this specimen is doul 
 design on the Rev. has been finished bv tooling. 
 
 jtful. It is about .10 gr.iin.s too light, and the 
 
NAXUS — PANORMUS 
 
 207 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 JO 
 
 131-6 
 
 .11 -8.; 
 
 11 
 
 31-3 
 
 M -6 
 
 12 
 
 31-2 
 
 .11 -55 
 
 13 
 
 12- 
 
 .11 -45 
 
 12- 
 
 .R -45 
 
 Circa 415—403 B.C. 
 Dlonijsius (letitroyed Naxus in 403 B.C. 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 A/AZ\nA/ Head of Apollo r., laur.; 
 hair turned up behind ; behind, laurel- 
 leaf with berry ; border of dots. 
 
 Seilenos, facing, seated on r. heel, holding 
 kantharos and tliyi'sos ; to 1., term ; 
 to r., vine; plain border. 
 
 [Plate xv. 9.] 
 
 Hemid rachms 
 
 Young head of river-god Assiuos 1., with 
 shoi't horn, weai-ing wreath of vine- 
 leaves ; around, AS^ I /VO S; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 A/ AZ I n/V Seilenos, facing, seated 
 on 1. heel, head turned to 1. towards 
 kantharos in r. hand ; in 1. hand, pipes. 
 
 /VAUfl/V Seilenos, facing, seated on 
 r. heel, holding in r., kantharos ; in 1., 
 branch. 
 
 Litra or Obol 
 
 A/AZinA/ 
 
 Assinos 1., 
 leaves. 
 
 Young head of i-iver-god 
 wearing wreath of vine- 
 
 border uncertain. 
 
 Bunch of gi-apes on stalk, with leaves and 
 tendrils. 
 
 PANORMUS * 
 
 Silver 
 
 Circa 480—409 B.C. 
 
 Like the other Fhocnician settlements in Sicili/, Panornius coined no money till 
 after 480 B.C. See under Motya. 
 
 Litra 
 
 Young male head r., wearing taenia; 
 hair short ; border of dots. 
 
 ti'aces of inscr. 
 
 Forepart of man-headed bull swimming r. 
 
 traces of letters ? and of symbol ? 
 [Cf. BM.C, p. 121 (5).] 
 
 * For convenience of reference, all the coins reading V^V (^'*) have been classed 
 under Panormus. It should be noted, however, that Imhoof-Blumcr has shown {Zur Miinzlntnde 
 Grossririechenlands, etc., p. 263) that this inscription is not the Phoenician name of Panormus, 
 and particularly {Ibid., pp. 247 fE.) that the bronze coins here numbered 8 — 10 were probably 
 struck at Solus, circa -iOO B.C. The question is discusi^ed afresh by Ad. Holm in the concluding 
 volume of his Ge!<chichte ISicilicns (T>eipzig, 1898), pp. 047 fC. 
 
208 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Litra or Obol 
 
 
 
 
 Vk. <T» Poseidon, naked to waist, seated r. 
 on rock, hokling trident in r., 
 ' and extending \. towards dolphin 
 r. downwards ; border of dots. 
 
 PA NOP MOS Naked youth, seated 
 sideways on man-headed bull galloping 
 r. ; r. hand rests on bull's backj 1. grasps 
 bull's head. 
 
 2 
 
 11-5 
 
 .R -5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xv. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 409 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In 409 B.C. Phoenician influence in the island tras greatly strengthened hij the 
 Carthaginian invasion. Hence the disappearance of Greek inscriptions. 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae or Obols 
 
 
 
 
 Young male head 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Man-headed bull 1., showing full face ; 
 plain border. 
 
 3 
 
 8-9 
 
 .-R -4 
 
 ' 
 
 V'^V 
 
 4 
 
 9-8 
 
 M -i 
 
 
 ^'Ti'^L.OAy 
 
 5 
 
 9-4 
 
 M -45 
 
 behind, swastica. 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 6 
 
 9-3 
 
 M -35 
 
 place of symbol, off coin. 
 
 Head of young river-god 1., with short 
 horn. 
 
 inscr. (illegible) in ex. 
 
 \^<7>\^ forepart of man-headed bull 
 swimming r. 
 
 7 
 
 9-2 
 
 .11 -4 
 
 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 450—400 B.C.* 
 
 
 
 
 He militron 
 
 
 
 
 Cock r. ; border (plain ?). 
 
 • • 
 
 • • 
 
 • • 
 
 8 
 
 165- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XV. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 Trias 
 
 9 
 
 155- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar type •• 
 
 
 
 
 * Nos. 8 — 10 were more probably str 
 
 uck at Solus. See footnote on }). 207. 
 
PANORMUS 
 
 20i) 
 
 No. 
 
 10 
 
 \V 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 1.") 
 
 k; 
 
 Weight 
 
 51- 
 
 185- 
 
 8'2 
 
 28G' 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 202- 
 
 160 
 
 99- 
 
 A^ •().■ 
 
 M ■{):> 
 
 N ■?, 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 M 1- 
 M 105 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -95 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 H ezai 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Circa 4U0— 254 n.c. 
 
 ranonnus continued to he a Carthaginian stronghold till it fell into the hands of (hi 
 Roiiiaiis ill the coarse of the First runic War. 
 
 Head of Hera 1.; hair long j she wears 
 ornameuted Stephanos. 
 
 Man-headed bull 1., showing full face ; 
 above, radiate head of Helios facing. 
 
 in ex., traces of inscr. (>^'7>Vt ) 
 
 Goi.u 
 
 Circa 27<) li.O. 
 
 It had been uu'csted from the Carthaginians for a brief space hij ri/rrhns in 276 B.(\ 
 The folloiciiig may hare been struck then. But its attribution to Fanoniins is not certain. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 ^ Owl r. ; plain border. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 After circa 254 B.C. 
 
 Under the Iiomans, Fanormus continued to be jjrosperoiis and important. 
 
 TTANOP Head of beardless warrior, 
 
 MITAN 
 
 helmeted, r. (Pallas ?j ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Female head 1. (Perse])li()ue ?), wearing- 
 wreath of coi-n ; bui"der of dots. 
 
 [Plate xv. 12.] 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 . NOP MITAN 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 TTANOP Female figure standing I., 
 Ml TAN holding patera and cornu- 
 
 copiae; border of dots. 
 
 Triqueti'a of legs; at the junction, winged 
 head of Gorgon ; between the legs, ears 
 of barley ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 TTANOP MITAN Eagle, with open 
 wings, standing 1. on thunderbolt, head 
 turnetl back ; l)order of dots. 
 
 * According to Gabrici (Tojjojfc. e Nam: delV Antica Imera, p. 97), this piece was struck at 
 Tlmniino Tlimerciisps. 
 
 E E 
 
210 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obversk 
 
 Revekse 
 
 
 
 
 Ram standing r. ; between liis legs, head 
 of Janus ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle, with open wings, facing, heal 
 turned to 1. 
 
 18 
 
 138- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 HANO P M ITAN 
 
 19 
 
 90-5 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 no bordei' visible. 
 
 HANOPMITAN 
 
 20 
 
 75- 
 
 JE 1 
 
 Heads of the Dioskouroi r., each wearing 
 laureate pilos ; border of dots. 
 
 TTANOR within wreath of laurel; bordei- 
 AM TAN of dots. 
 
 21 
 
 31- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of Demeter 1., veiled, wearing wreatli 
 of corn ; behind, ears of corn ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 \/^ Prow r., adorned with wing ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 monogr. worn. 
 
 22 
 
 58-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 Similar. 
 
 TTA Nop Warrior 1., wearing crested 
 AMTAN helmet and cuirass, and 
 holding patei-a and spear; shield leans 
 against spear ; border of dots. 
 
 HA NOP AMTAN Similar. 
 
 23 
 
 ,54- 
 
 m -65 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 59- 5 
 
 M 7 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 52- 
 
 M -7 
 
 type 1. 
 
 (TT in inscr.) 
 
 2G 
 
 44- 
 
 M -65 
 
 5) 
 
 Similar; liead much smaller. 
 
 IT A N Similar. 
 
 27 
 
 60-5 
 
 m -7 
 
 type 1. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 (Barbarous.) 
 
 
 
 
 ^y\t]| Minl-s of Value. 
 
 
 
 
 Asees 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Janus, laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 |oR within wreath of laurel ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 28 
 
 94- 
 
 M -9 
 
 mark of vahie, not visible. 
 
 
 29 
 
 93- 
 
 /E -9 
 
 51 5> ») 
 
 
PANORMUS 
 
 211 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 OliVKBSE 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Till- iitiiiii-^ on llir foIliiwliKj arc those of Bo man in({(jlsti-at<:s. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laui-. ; border of dots. 
 
 Warrior 1., wearing crested helmet, cuirass, 
 and sword ; chlamys over 1. shoukler ; 
 he holds patei'a and spear ; shield leans 
 against spear ; border of dots. 
 
 m 
 
 77' 
 
 ^E -9 
 
 
 T2P 
 
 :n 
 
 88- 
 
 xE -8 
 
 
 {Sp ; in Held 1., CATO 
 
 32 
 
 13rr 
 
 .E -9 
 
 
 no monogr. visible ; in field 1. ; A • fOM 
 
 33 
 
 73- 
 
 /E -9 
 
 « 
 
 NAS 
 
 o 
 
 34 
 
 112 • 
 
 JE -85 
 
 type r. ; behind, ct)riiucupiae. 
 
 V^ ; m field 1., [QJFAB 
 
 35 
 
 48' 
 
 M -8 
 
 ,, no symbol. 
 
 Head of Zeus r.. laiir. ; behind, sceptre; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ^ ; border doubtful. 
 
 TTANOP MITAN Tetrastyle temple; 
 beneath, C ' D • 
 
 36 
 
 133' 
 
 a: -85 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 'JCy 
 
 .^ -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [mperial ('oliKKje 
 
 
 
 
 Augustus 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Augustus r., bare ; bordei- of 
 dots. 
 
 1 
 Triquetra of legs; at the junction, winged 
 Goi-gon's head ; between the legs, ears 
 of bai'ley ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 38 
 
 ISo- 
 
 iE -9 
 
 riANOP . . TAN (from r. upwards); 
 boi'der oljseure. 
 
 
 .'!9 
 
 172-5 
 
 /E -9 
 
 HANOP MITAN (from 1. upwards). 
 
 ! 
 
 40 
 
 133- 
 
 A-: -9 
 
 HAMOP MIITAN] 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Augustus anil Livia 
 
 
 
 
 PANORAA [ Head of Augustus r., 
 bai'o ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 Head of Livia r., veiled, Avithin fi'arae- 
 woi'k of lines; border of dots. 
 
 H 
 
 113 -5 
 
 iE -85 
 
 [Platl 
 
 u. 13. J 
 
 K !•: -^ 
 
212 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 42 
 48 
 
 44 
 4.". 
 
 4G 
 
 124- 
 118- 
 
 74- 
 72- 
 
 114- 
 
 jE -9 
 
 M -7 
 M -65 
 
 M -95 
 
 12G-3 
 
 .^•85 
 
 After Death of Augustus 
 Doiiiitius I'rocnlus and l.aetoriiis Duuinciri. 
 
 Head of Augustus 1., radiate. 
 
 ti'rtces of inscr. 
 
 PANOR AMTAN Livia as Demeter, 
 veiled, enthroned r., holding patei-a and 
 ears of corn. 
 
 inscr., partly obscured. 
 
 Capricorn r. ; beneath, triquetra of legs, at 
 the junction of which, winged Gorgon's 
 head, and between which, ears of barley. 
 
 ti'aces of inscr. 
 
 CN • DOM Ram standing 1. 
 A LA 
 
 inscr., pai'tly obscured. 
 
 COLONIA P.VXOR.MIS 
 
 rdiiitriHKS icai> iikkIc a • cvUmla ' jirabdhli/ rirc<t 20 H.O. 
 
 Semis 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laui'. ; behind, ^ ; border C ■ K| Warrior standing 1.. wearing 
 of dots. crested helmet, cuirass, and sword ; he 
 
 holds patera and spear; shield leans 
 against spear ; border of dots. 
 
 (For ^ struL-k under the Romans, probably at ranormus, sec j)p. 257 f.) 
 
 SEGESTA 
 
 8lT,VEK 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Ch-ra :,00— 480 B.C. 
 
 Tlioiujh S<'(jcst(( v:as a ritij nf the FJijini, its coins are tliorovijhlij Gicelf. Tlic dug 
 jjrobubJy rcjjreseids the ricer Criinisus. 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Archaic head of nym})h Segesta r., wear- 
 ing collar; hair turned up behind under 
 beaded diadem, over which the ends fall. 
 
 SATES lA I IB* Dog r., with head 
 and t )re-feet thi'ust forward ; line of ex., 
 dotted. 
 
 inscr., blurred thi'ough double striking. 
 
 * According to an explanation tliat lias been ponerally accepted, B is here the Ionic v, so 
 that § E TESTA II B = StyecTTofi'T/, the last three letters being the " Aeolic " adjectival 
 ending (-aSios), with spirant S. See Kinch in Ztits. fiir Num., xvi. (1888), 187 ff., and Meister 
 in Berlin philol. Wochens., 1890, Nr. 21, p. 672, the latter of whom has shown that the change 
 of 5 into a spirant is characteristic of the old Phocaean dialect. This very ingenious theory 
 is. however, reiectcd by Ad. Holm, Gescliirl,tc SicHicns, vol. iii., p. 600. 
 
PANORMUS— SEGESTA 
 
 213 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 2 
 
 134- 
 
 Al -8 
 
 i' IIAT^3D3^ (tooled); nynipli wears 
 earring and necklace. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 last lettei- vi insci-. and ex., oil" coin ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 w. 14.] 
 
 3 
 
 130-5 
 
 .R -95 
 
 ^ HAT 531 A5 Similar head r., 
 without eariiug or necklace ; ring 
 border ; -all within circular incuse. 
 
 Dog r., with collar ; his nose to the 
 ground ; line of ex., dotted ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 4 
 
 124-8 
 
 ^l -9 
 
 $ECE ... 11 ^ Similar head r., with 
 earring and necklace ; later in style. 
 
 Archaic head of nymph Segesta r., with 
 earring ; hair caught \ip behind under 
 broad diadem, over which ends fall ; 
 ring bordei-. 
 
 Similar ; without culiar. 
 
 Dog standing r. ; border of dots. 
 
 5 
 
 120-y 
 
 ,R -95 
 
 no inscr. visil>Ie. 
 
 3 IIAT5 3n35 Similar type r., 
 without earring. 
 
 Similar type r. ; al)ove, barleycorn; border 
 of dots. 
 
 6 
 
 128-7 
 
 Al -95 
 
 diadem very broad ; ring l)oi-der. 
 
 
 7 
 
 127-9 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 ^, off coin; diadem of beads; no neck- 
 lace; no border. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 .\v. 15.] 
 
 8 
 
 119-2 
 
 Al 1 
 
 ^ II AT$3 3 35 Similar type 1., with 
 earring and necklace ; diadem narrow. 
 
 Similar type r., without earring ; diadem 
 ijroad. 
 
 Similar type 1 ; above, murex ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; dog wears collar ; plain 
 border. 
 
 9 
 
 132-1 
 
 ^l -95 
 
 no insci'. 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 10 
 
 132-9 
 
 ,R -9 
 
 a 1 I A T 5 3 . . 5 Similar type r., 
 with earring, but no necklace ; around, 
 a ring border, outside of which is inscr. ; 
 diadem very broad. 
 
 ( N'o, 10 is restnick. aiiparently on u ilidraclmi of 
 
 1 Pl.ATK 
 
 Similar type 1. ; no collar ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Motya. On tiie Rev, ttic letters Y A are visible.) 
 XV. 1(). 1 
 
214 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 18 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 IG 
 
 Weight 
 
 11-6 
 10-5 
 10-9 
 
 123-9 
 
 121-6 
 
 Metat, 
 Size 
 
 M -45 
 
 Jl -45 
 Al -45 
 Al -45 
 
 .11 9 
 
 /R -9 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Li t r ae 
 
 Archaic head of nymph Segesta r. ; hair 
 tui'iied up behind under diadem of beads ; 
 l)oi-der of dots. 
 
 Head of nymph, facing ; border of dots. 
 
 [ajiiAT^ana^ 
 
 $EC E5TAIIB 
 
 no inscr. ; bordei* plain. 
 
 Uog standing r. ; above, wheel of four 
 spokes ; jjlaiu border. 
 
 Similar type ; above, wheel. 
 
 wheel lias four spokes. 
 
 immber of spokes uncertain. 
 
 AT _ _ — ; type 1. ; wheel has five 
 spokes. 
 
 I 
 
 Clrai 430—415 B.c. 
 
 Jt wna in response to <in appeal from Segesta that the Athrnlcnts undertooJc their 
 
 e.ipedifiiiii (ujaiiisf Si/racusc. 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 Dog standing 1. ; Ijorder of dots. 
 
 alIAT53-|35 Head of nymph 
 Segesta r., of later style; hair bound 
 with fillet passing three times round ; 
 i-ing border. 
 
 [$ErE]$IAH ^ Head of nymph Dog r,, with head bent forward; above, 
 Segesta r. ; hair rolled and bound with ] female head r. ; border of dots, 
 narrow diadem. 
 
 Li tr a 
 
 Head of nymph r., wearing necklace and Dog standing r. 
 ean-ing; hair gathered in bunch behind. 
 
 10- 
 
 A\ 4.: 
 
 traces of letters 'f 
 
SEGKSTA 
 
 21; 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metat, 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 REVEB.'iE 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415—409 u.c. 
 
 
 
 
 After the Athenian defeat, the Segestans inrolced the aid of the Carthagimans. 
 From the time of Hannibal's interrention (409 B.C.) their city was practically a 
 
 dependency of Carthage. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 
 
 
 Head of nvmph Seo;esta r., wearing ear- 
 ring, necklace, and si)hen(lone orna- 
 mented with stai'S behind ; beneath, 
 stalk of barley 1. 
 
 Youthful hunter r. (Hver CrimisiisV), 
 standing with 1. foot on a rock, r. hand 
 resting upon hip ; 1. elbow on knee ; he 
 wears pilos suspended behind neck, a 
 strap round his shoulder, cothurni, and, 
 over 1. ai-m, chlamys ; holds in 1. two 
 javelins ; at liis feet, two dogs r. 
 
 18 
 
 254- 
 
 JK 1 •<),-> 
 
 traces of letters. 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C.. p. 133 (32).] 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 
 
 
 $ErE$TAXIE Head of nymph r., 
 hair waved. 
 
 Dog standing r. ; above, bai'lcycorn ; 
 bordei- of dots. 
 
 19 
 
 128-3 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 [Plate 
 
 _ _ _ 0^ Head of nymph r. ; hair 
 rolled behind, over narrow diadem. 
 
 XV. 17.] 
 
 . EPE^T (in ex.) Dog advancing 
 
 r., on the scent; bej'ond, three ears of 
 bai'ley growing from one root ; plain 
 border. 
 
 20 
 
 129- 
 
 /ll 90 
 
 [TUI.C, p. 
 
 135 (39).] 
 
 
 
 
 Beox/.e 
 
 
 
 
 Before 409 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrantes 
 
 
 
 
 Head of nynipli Segesta r. ; hair gathered 
 into bunch at the back by fillet with 
 falling ends ; behind, ivy-leaf. 
 
 Hound r., worrying supine hare; above, 
 0000 
 
 21 
 
 124- 
 
 M ■%:> 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 
 22 
 
 136 
 
 /K "7.") 
 
 Head of nymph r. ; hair turned up under 
 broad diadem. 
 
 Hound r. ; around, marks of value. 
 0000 (punched) 
 
 2:} 
 
 139 
 
 N. -i:, 
 
 hair i-oIUmI ; l)order of dots. 
 
 • • • • 
 
21(5 
 
 srciLY 
 
 Xo. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rever.se 
 
 
 
 
 Hexantes 
 
 
 
 
 Head of nymj)li Segesta ]'., wearing 
 si)hendoiie. 
 
 Hound r. ; around, o O 
 
 24 
 
 67- 
 
 M H.") 
 
 . E . . . . Al . /V Head of Segesta 
 r., hair falling in bunch behind; behind, 
 ivy-leaf ; border of dots. 
 
 countermai'k, O beneath. 
 
 Hound r. ; in front, plant; above, QO 
 
 2.-. 
 
 ()()■ 
 
 M -7 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XV. 18.] 
 
 
 
 
 After 24,1 D.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Segesta was finnUij freed from the Carthdijiniana at the end of the First 
 
 runic War. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of nymph Segesta r., wearing 
 ste2)hane. 
 
 . ETES T AIHN Warrior 1., spear 
 over 1. shouldei-, holdings by the bridle 
 horse 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 26 
 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SELINUS 
 
 
 
 
 SlLVKll 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Before eirrn 4^0 n.c. 
 
 The rill/ iras railed after the river on u-hich it stood, (did the river again from the wild 
 celerji plant, the leaf of n-hich appears on the followinrj coins. 
 
 Didrachms 
 
 1 
 
 181-2 
 
 /R 85 
 
 Selinon leaf. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Incuse square of twelve divisions, the 
 alternate ones deepei-. 
 
 XV. 19.] 
 
 2 
 
 12.V8 
 
 ' yR -85 
 
 Selinon leaf. 
 
 Incuse square of eight triangular 
 divisions. 
 
SEGESTA—SPJ LINUS 
 
 217 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Kkverse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 466—415 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In the first half of the fifth century B.C. Selinus was visited hy a malarial pestilence, 
 ichicli was checli-ed hy Ein-pcdoldes, wlio utilised the rivers Selinus and Hypsas to drain 
 the marsh. It is to this incident that the types of the following coins refer. On 
 the Ohv. Apollo and Hcraldes arc seen doing battle against the powers of evil; 
 on the Bev. the river-gods appear sacrificing to Ashlepios. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetra drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Slow quadriga 1., driven by Artemis, who 
 holds reins in both hands ; on her r. 
 stands Apollo, his chlamys over his 
 sliouldor ; he bends his bow to shoot ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Kiver-god Selinos, naked, 1., with short 
 horns, holding patera and lustral branch, 
 sacrificing at altar, on near side of 
 which, cock 1.; in field r.. bull standing 
 1. on pedestal, above which, seliuon 
 leaf downwards. 
 
 3 
 
 271-9 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 SEA \N OA/T lONA 
 
 S feAl VS 0§ 
 
 
 
 
 [Pl. XV. 20.] ■ 
 
 4 
 
 270-4 
 
 Jl 1-25 
 
 [V\0|TVN]0\MA3$ 
 
 5 feAIA/ OS 
 
 r> 
 
 266- 7 
 
 .11 115 
 
 NAOI T OVSIAB 5 
 
 S EAI A^ O § 
 
 C) 
 
 ■ 
 
 257- 
 
 .11 1-1 
 
 Slow quadriga r., driven by Artemis, who 
 holds reins in both hands ; on her r. 
 stands Ajjollo, bending his bow to 
 shoot; in ex., barleycorn. 
 
 border doubtful . 
 
 S EAIA/O A/ River-god 1., wearing 
 hinuition i-ound body and over 1. 
 shoulder, holding patera in extended r. 
 and lustral branch in raised 1. ; before 
 him, altar, on near side of which, cock 
 1. ; in field r., man-headed bull, standing 
 1. on pedestal; above bull, selinon leaf 
 downwards. 
 
 7 
 
 2G5-7 
 
 .11 1-05 
 
 Similar type ; horses moving faster ; same 
 symbol ; border of dots ? 
 
 [Plate 
 
 SEA lA'O/^TI River-god 1., naked, 
 holding patera over flaming altar ; in 1., 
 lusti-al branch ; on near side of altar, 
 cock advancing 1.; in field r., bull 
 butting 1. on pedestal ; above bull, 
 selinon leaf upwards. 
 
 XV. 21.] 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 8 
 
 129- 
 
 .R i* 
 
 5 E A 1 Herakles, naked, r., 
 ^AO 1 TO^ seizing by the horn 
 a bull rushing r. ; he presses 1. knee 
 against side of bull, and holds club in 
 i-aised r. ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 H W AS River-god Hypsas towards 1 . , 
 naked, with short horn, folding patera 
 over altar, round which snake twines ; 
 in 1. a lustral branch; in field r., marsh- 
 bird stalking away r., over which 
 selinon leaf downvvai'ds. 
 
 XVI. 1.] 
 
 F F 
 
218 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae or Obols 
 
 9 
 
 10-2 
 
 /ll -5 
 
 Female figure, draped, seated 1. on rock; 
 she lifts veil with 1., while her r. grasjis 
 a bearded snake, which stands before 
 her, coiled and erect ; above, selinon 
 leaf ; border of dots. 
 
 SEAINOES Man-headed biill r. ; in 
 ex., long fish r. ; plain border. 
 
 10 
 
 10-7 
 
 .11 -45 
 
 Similar type ; but female figure j^laces 1. 
 hand on her breast ; border of dots. 
 
 $EA lA/O A/ TIOA/ Man-headed 
 bull r. ; above, selinon leaf. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 10 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xti. 2.] 
 
 11 
 
 12- 
 
 vR -4 
 
 1 first pai't of inscr., off coin. 
 
 Circa 41.5 409 b.c. 
 
 In 409 B.C. Seliiuis ivas destroyed hij the Carthaginians, whom the Segestans 
 had summoned to their aid. 
 
 Hemidrachm 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles, wearing lion's 
 skin, three-quarter face towards 1. 
 
 [§]EAINONTION (inex.) Galloping 
 quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds reins in 
 both hands ; above, selinon leaf. 
 
 12 
 
 26-8 
 
 Al -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 SILERAE 
 
 
 
 
 This foirn is Icnown ouhj from its coins. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 340 B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 121- 
 
 M -8 
 
 [N]niAq3AI . Forepart of nian- 
 headed bull, swimming r. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Helmeted warrior charging r., with spear 
 and shield. 
 
 XVI. 3.] 
 
SELINUS— SYRACUSE 
 
 219 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 SOLUS* 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 405—350 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 This Phoenician settlement was long a dependency of the CartluHjlnians. 
 
 
 
 
 Hemilitr on 
 
 
 
 
 $OA - Head of bearded Herakles 
 
 r., wearing lion's skin. 
 
 Cray-fish 1., upside down ; above and 
 below, •••; above, Phoenician letters. 
 
 1 
 
 110- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 inscr. ( = Kfr((), blurred. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvi. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 After 241 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 At the end of the First Punic War the city loas left under the dominion of Rome. 
 
 2 
 
 216- 
 
 M -95 
 
 COAONTI ... Bust of Poseidon 1. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Head of Pallas r. ; border of dots, 
 countermark ; bird 1. 
 
 3 
 
 50-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., laur. ; over shoulder, 
 trident ; border of dots. 
 
 [MI1MIT]M0A03 Helmeted 
 warrior advancing 1., holding spear and 
 shield ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 SYRACUSE 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 500 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Sifracnse was a colony of Corinth, founded circa 734 B.C. Its earliest coins must 
 
 from their style belong to the period immediately preceding the overthrow of the 
 
 oligarchy of the Gamori (500 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 T e t r a d r a c h m s 
 
 1 
 
 266-3 
 
 M -95 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer grasps reins 
 in both hands ; border of dots. 
 
 5VPA 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Granulated incuse square, divided into 
 quarters ; in the centre, an incuse 
 circle, containing a female head 1. ; hair 
 indicated by dotted lines, and falling 
 stiffly over neck. 
 
 XVI. 5.] 
 
 2 
 
 2G0-1 
 
 M 1- 
 
 ^VPAPO in ex., xmcertain symbol. 
 
 ^lOA/ 
 
 [Head, Coinage of Syracuse, Pl. i. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 * See also p. 
 
 207, footnote. 
 
 TO P 2 
 
220 
 
 SICILY 
 
 t 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revkr.se 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circn 500—478 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The cifij teas governed hy a democracy nntil circa 485 B.C., lohen it j^assed into the 
 
 hands of Gelon, despot of Gela, to whom is probnhly duo the introduction of the 
 
 following types. For that of the Bev. see under Gela. 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 3 
 
 26o-6 
 
 Al I- 
 
 $VP A90 $1 OA/ Female head r., 
 weariug necklace ; hair enclosed in a 
 net and bound with narrow diadem; 
 around, four dolphins r. 
 
 $VPA (in ex.) Slow quadriga 1.; 
 charioteer grasps reins in both hands, 
 goad in r. ; above, Nike flying r., crown- 
 ing him ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate .\vi. 6.] 
 
 4 
 
 263-7 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 5VRA90§IO\A: Female head 
 r., wearint^ necklace ; hair indicated by 
 dotted and wavy lines, caught uj) behind 
 and bound with narrow diadem ; around, 
 four dolphins r. 
 
 Slow quadi'iga r. ; bearded charioteer holds 
 reins in both hands, goad in r. ; above, 
 Nike flying r. and crowning horses ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 §VPAKO $IOA/ Female head r., 
 with necklace ; hair indicated by dots 
 and bound with broad diadem ; it falls 
 stiffly over neck behind, and projects 
 over brow in front, while a tress falls 
 over r. cheek ; around, four dolphins r. 
 
 Similar ; charioteer holds reins in 1. 
 
 5 
 
 265-6 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Female head r., wearing necklace ; hair 
 bound with diadem of beads ; the ends 
 caught up behind and falling over the 
 diadem ; around, four dolphins r. 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; bearded chai-ioteer 
 holds goad and reins ; horses crowned 
 by Nike, flying r. ; border of dots. 
 
 6 
 
 267- 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 SVPA K 0$ lOA/; hah- indicated 
 
 by dots. 
 
 goad in r., reins in both hands ; Nike has 
 wings spread. 
 
 7 
 
 2G6-4 
 
 M -95 
 
 §YPA KO SIO A/; hair in front Nike has wings half closed, 
 indicated by dots. ^ 
 
 8 
 
 2G8-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ^ OI$ OMA^ V$ ; hair indicated goad in r., reins in 1.; Nike has wings 
 by lines. half closed. 
 
 [Plate xvi. 7.] 
 
 9 
 
 268-2 
 
 M -95 
 
 $VPAKOS|OA/; hair indicated by 
 
 lines. 
 
 Nike has wings spread. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 221 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 11-8 
 
 10-9 
 
 12- 
 
 11-8 
 
 11-4 
 
 9-9 
 
 9-2 
 
 8-8 
 
 8-7 
 
 666- 1 
 
 /R -5 
 JR -45 
 
 M -5 
 M -55 
 
 .R -4 
 
 M -35 
 M -35 
 
 M -4 
 
 /R 1-45 
 
 L i t r ae 
 
 Female head r., wearing earring, necklace, 
 and diadem of beads ; haii' indicated by 
 lines, and projecting over brow ; behind, 
 it is turned up under diadem, over 
 which ends fall ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 SVPA 
 
 no inscr. 
 SVqA 
 
 Cuttle-fish. 
 
 5V P A 
 
 no mscr. 
 
 [Head, Pl. i. 8.] 
 
 Similar type, with beaded necklace ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Obols 
 
 Wheel of four spokes. 
 
 no eaiinng ; necklace plain. 
 
 [Plate xvi. 8.] 
 
 [Head, Pl. i. 9.] 
 
 Similar type, with eaiTing ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 $ V within four quarters of wheel of 
 1^ A four spokes. 
 
 [Head, Pl. r. 12.] 
 
 Ciixa 479 B.C. 
 
 After the great victory over the CartJiaginians at Himera, Damarete, unfe of Gelon, 
 caused a commemorative series of coins to be struclc. The lion on the Bev. possihli/ 
 ^ represents ^ Libya subjecta.' 
 
 Dekadrachm ('Damareteion') 
 
 5V f^A KO§ ION outside linear circle, 
 within which head of Nike? r., wearing 
 olive- wreath, earring, and necklace with 
 pendants ; hair waved in front and 
 caught up behind, leaving one loose 
 ti'ess which falls behind the ear; ends 
 of hair gathei'ed up and tied ; around 
 the whole, four dolphins r. 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in r., and x-eins in both hands; above, 
 Nike flying r. crowning horses ; in ex., 
 lion running r. ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xvi. 9.] 
 
222 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 *. 
 
 
 Circa 478—415 B.C. 
 
 In 478 B.C. Gelon died, and was succeeded hi/ Hieron. Hieron died in 467 B.C., 
 
 and in the following year a democracij was established. These ])olitical changes 
 
 did not affect the coin-types. 
 
 Silver 
 Enboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 20 
 
 266-1 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 $VPAKO$|0\A Female head 
 r., weariug earring, necklace, and 
 diadem of beads ; hair -waved in front 
 and caught up behind under diadem, 
 over which ends fall ; around, four 
 dolphins r. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in r. hand and reins in both ; above, 
 Nike flying r., crowning horses ; in ex., 
 pistrix r. ; border of dots. 
 
 !tVI. 10.] 
 
 21 
 
 267-2 
 
 M 105 
 
 SVPAK05I0 A/ Similar head, of 
 later style ; haii' waved throughout. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 22 
 
 260-1 
 
 M -95 
 
 $Y PAKO^IO A/ Female head r., 
 weai-ing earring and necklace ; hair 
 diademed in front, and rolled behind ; 
 around, four dolphins r. 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 Similar. 
 L. II. 8.] 
 
 23 
 
 2G9-1 
 
 ^R 1-05 
 
 $VPAKO§IO/V Female head r., 
 wearing earring and necklace ; hair 
 waved, gathered in bunch behind, and 
 bound with string of beads ; around, 
 four dolphins r. 
 
 Similar ; without goad. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. ii. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 SYPAKO $lO /V Female head r., 
 wearing earring and broad necklace, on 
 which, string of beads ; hair bound 
 with broad plain diadem, which is 
 crossed ; the back hair is tui-ned up 
 under one part of diadem and projects 
 in a bunch behind ; around, four 
 dolphins r. 
 
 Similar type ; charioteer holds goad in r., 
 reins in both hands ; border of dots. 
 
 24 
 
 265-7 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 223 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obver.se 
 
 Reverse 
 
 25 
 
 2G6-8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 $Y PAKO$ 1 OA/ Female head r., 
 ■wearing earring, and necklace with lion's 
 head pendant ; hair bound with sphen- 
 done, the long ends of which are passed 
 tlu-ee times round the head ; around, 
 four dolphins. 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in r. hand, reins in both hands ; above, 
 Nike, flying 1., crowns him ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 charioteer, almost entirely ofE coin . 
 
 26 
 
 2G1-5 
 
 /ll 1- 
 
 §YPAKO§IOA/ Female head r., 
 wearing eari'ing and necklace; hair 
 waved and gathered behind into small 
 knot, beneath which a broad diadem 
 passes round the head ; around, four 
 dolphins. 
 
 [Plate : 
 
 Female head r. , wearing eaiTing and neck- 
 lace ; hair bound with cord passing foui* 
 times round ; around, four dolphins. 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; bearded charioteer holds 
 reins in both hands ; above, Nike, flying 
 r., crowns horses; plain border. 
 
 <VI. 11.] 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer holds reins 
 with outstretched arms, goad in r. hand ; 
 above, Nike flying. 
 
 27 
 
 272-1 
 
 yR 1- 
 
 $YP A K O § \0/V 
 
 Nike crowns charioteer ; no border visible. 
 
 28 
 
 2C0-9 
 
 yR 1-05 
 
 SYPAKO [$IOA/] 
 
 ,, ,, border of dots. 
 
 29 
 
 266-3 
 
 /R -95 
 
 §YP A [KOJ $1 [OA/] (only one 
 dolphin visible). 
 
 [Cf. Head, 
 
 Nike crowns horses ; border of dots ; 
 chariot and ex., off coin. 
 
 Pl. III. 4.] 
 
 80 
 
 262-9 
 
 yR 1-15 
 
 SYPAKO§,l OA/ Female head r., 
 wearing earring, necklace, and ampyx 
 ornamented with maeander pattern ; 
 the back hair is enclosed in a net 
 fastened to the ampyx by a buckle ; 
 around, foui" dolphins r. ; behind head, 
 a dot. 
 
 Slow quadriga r. ; charioteer, with long 
 hair, holds reins with outstretched arms, 
 goad in r. hand; above, Nike, flying r., 
 crowns horses ; in ex., cicada r. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. hi. 5.] 
 
 31 
 
 260-6 
 
 /R -9 
 
 (same die.) 1 Nike crowns charioteer; ex., oft' coin. 
 
 « 
 
 Bronze 
 T r i a n t e s 
 
 
 
 
 SVPA Female head r., wearing neck- 
 lace ; hair in knot on crown ; in front 
 and behind, dolphin downwards ; plain 
 border. 
 
 Cuttle-fisli,; ai'ound, ^^ 
 
 32 
 
 6.1 -r, 
 
 JE -65 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 VI. 12.] 
 
224 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Cuttle-fish ; around, ^ « 
 
 33 
 
 63- 
 
 M -65 
 
 ^YP[A] (front dolpliin, off coin). 
 
 
 34 
 
 62- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 . . PA 
 
 two marks of value visible. 
 
 35 
 
 54- . 
 
 JE -6 
 
 $YPA 
 
 one mark of value visible. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. in. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar head 1., wearing spliendone. 
 
 Cuttle-fish ; plain border. 
 
 3G 
 
 40- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 traces of inscr. ? 
 
 no marks of value visible. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvi. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 415—406 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The annihilntion of the, Athenian expedition (413 B.C.) added greatly to 
 
 the prosperity and presti<jc of Syracuse. In 40G B.C. Dionysius 
 
 established himself as tyrant. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Twenty Litrae 
 
 37 
 
 17-8 
 
 M -45 
 
 $YPA Head of young Herakle.s 1., 
 wearing lion's skin ; plain border. 
 
 § Y in the four quarters of an incuse 
 
 P A square, in the centre of which is 
 
 an incuse circle containing a female 
 
 head 1., wearing spliendone, earring, 
 
 and necklace. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. hi. i).] 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Twelve and a Half Litrae 
 
 38 
 
 10-4 
 
 N -35 
 
 [5]Y9A Head of Pallas 1., wearing 
 crested Athenian helmet ; plain border. 
 
 Eight-sided aegis, with border of serpents ; 
 upon it, Gorgon- head ; plain boi-der. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. hi. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradraehms 
 
 
 
 
 (By Eumenes and others.) 
 
 39 
 
 2G5-1 
 
 .11 12 
 
 5YPAKO$IO>A Female head 1., 
 wearing earring and necklace ; hair 
 rolled ; across front of head, am pyx, 
 on which, EYAiH • ai'ound, foui- 
 dolphins. V\OY 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 Fast quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in r. hand, reins in both ; horses 
 moving in step ; above, Nike flying r. 
 carrying an untied wreath, about to 
 crown charioteer ; border of dots. 
 
 L. III. 12.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 225 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 UllVEKSE 
 
 Reverse 
 
 40 
 
 262- 
 
 Jl 1- 
 
 $YPAKO$|OV\ Female head 1., 
 wearing ean-ing and necklace ; hair 
 bound with a diadem crossed ; behind, 
 EYAAHN OY ; around, four dolphins. 
 
 Quadriga 1., as above, with Nike about to 
 crown charioteei- with untied wreath ; 
 in ex., EYMHNOY; border of dots. 
 
 41 
 
 261-5 
 
 .11 1- 
 
 1 N]0| 5 O >| A SY§ Female head Same die as preceding. 
 1., wearing earring and necklace ; hair 
 rolled ; around, four dolphins. 
 
 [Plate xvi. 14.] 
 
 1 
 
 42 
 
 259-9 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 SYP[AKOSION] Similar; beneath 
 neck, EY 
 
 Similar type; beneath horses, EY ; in ex., 
 two dolphins meeting ; border of dots. 
 
 43 
 
 2G6-5 
 
 Jl 1-2 
 
 $YPA KOSIO Vi Female head 1., 
 wearing earring and broad necklace, 
 on which, beads; across front of head, 
 ornamented arapyx ; around, four dol- 
 phins. 
 
 Female bead v., wearing earring and 
 necklace : liair in wavy cui-ls ; behind, 
 doljjhin ; border of dots. 
 
 Fast quadriga 1. ; chai'ioteer holds goad 
 in r. hand, reins in both ; horses moving 
 in step ; above, Nike flying r. , carry- 
 ing an untied wreath, about to crown 
 charioteer; in ex., two dolphins meet- 
 ing ; border of dots. 
 
 Fast quadriga ).; cbaiiotetT holds goad in 
 extended r., reins in 1. ; above, Nike 
 flying r. to crown charioteer ; no border 
 visible. 
 
 44* 
 
 261-9 
 
 .11 1 
 
 
 ex., almost off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvi. 15.] 
 
 45 
 
 260-2 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 SYPAKO $iri[N] Head of Perse- 
 phone 1., wearing earring and necklace, 
 with lion's head pendant ; hair rolled, 
 and bound with ears of barley; beneath, 
 EVA\ ; around, four dolphins. 
 
 [Plate : 
 
 Dra 
 
 (By Euii 
 
 Fast quadriga r., driven by naked winged 
 youth, looking upwards towards Nike, 
 flying 1., who crowns him; in ex., 
 EYO, and Skylla swimming r., holding 
 out V. arm towards fish, which swims 
 before her ; with her 1. she holdn tri- 
 dent over shoulder; behind her, dolphin 
 r. ; border of dots. 
 
 (VI. 16.] 
 
 3 hm 
 
 leiies.) 
 
 46 
 
 6.3-9 
 
 A\ -75 
 
 5Y P A ! KJ Ot\OA/ Female 
 head r., wearing eari-ing and necklace ; 
 hair bound with a diad'^m crossed ; 
 beneath, EVAAE/VOV; around, four 
 dolphins r. 
 
 [Held, Pi 
 
 * A I'luiic- imitation (.'il' lliiiiiinctos^ 
 
 AEY K A 5 ri$ Warrior (Leukaspis) 
 charging r., wearing crested helmet with 
 fciMher, and carrying on 1. arm oval 
 shield, and in r. hand sword, the sheath 
 of which hangs behind him, suspended 
 by a strap passing over r. shoulder. 
 
 . III. 15.] 
 
 '). iicrluips (irigiiiiilly in^eTiljLMl Zi-.. 
 
 G G 
 
226 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse . 
 
 
 
 
 He mi drachms 
 
 47 
 
 31- 
 
 M 05 
 
 §YPAKO$|OA/ Female head 1., 
 wearing eai'ring, BBcklace, and splien- 
 done tied in front ; on either side, 
 doljihin downwards. 
 
 Fast quadi-iga 1. ; chai-ioteer holds reins 
 in both hands, goad in r. ; the rein of 
 the farthest horse broken and trail- 
 ing ; above, Nike flying r., crowning 
 charioteer; in ex., a chariot-wheel lying 
 on the ground ; border of dots. 
 
 48 
 
 30-6 
 
 Al -6 
 
 [Head, Pi 
 
 .. III. 16.] 
 
 49 
 
 31-2 
 
 .R -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Galloping quadi'iga r. ; charioteer holds 
 reins in both hands, goad in r. ; above, 
 Nike flying 1., crowning charioteer; in 
 ex., two doljihins meeting; border of 
 dots. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 406—345 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Dionijs'ius retained (lie tyranni/ till his death in 368 B.C., vhen he icas succeeded hy 
 his son, loho was not JinaUy ejpellcd until 344 H.c* 
 
 
 
 
 Gui.i) 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of One Hundred Litrae * 
 
 50 
 
 89-3 
 
 N -6 
 
 $YPAKO$|[ON] Female head 1., 
 wearing earring, iiccklace, and sphen- 
 done upon which are two stars ; 
 behind, A 
 
 Hei*akles, kneeling i'. on r. knee, and 
 strangling lion with both arms. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvi. 17.] 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Fifty Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 SYPAKO §mN Young male head 
 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 [$YP]AKOZin[N] on a bar beneath 
 an incuse square, within which a free 
 
 51 ■ 
 
 44-1 
 
 N -5 
 
 
 hoi'se prancing r. 
 
 
 
 
 * The chronological arrangement, of the Sy 
 be somewhat arbitrary. The same engravers 
 the same die was often used in different coml 
 The lines here followed are those laid down i 
 be noted that Dr. A. J. Evans {Syracusan ' 
 vol. xi.) has shown ground for maintaining th 
 earlier issues of dekadrachms, belong to the jicr 
 rather than to the I'eign of Dionysius. Sec al 
 
 raousan series of this epoch must necessarily 
 were at work before 406 and after it, while 
 linations, possibly throughout a series of years. 
 n the Historia Numorum. It should, however, 
 Medallions," etc., in Num. Chron., 3rd Series, 
 at many of the following coins, including the 
 lod immediately succeeding the Athenian siege, 
 so Ad. Holm, Oe^chichte Sifilienf, iii., i)j). 608 ff. 
 
SYEACUSE 
 
 227 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Dekadr achms 
 
 
 
 
 (By Euainetos.) 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Persejalione 1., wearing earring, 
 necklace, and wreath of corn ; hair 
 turned up behind, and arranged in 
 wavy curls ; around, foiu' dolphins ; 
 boi-der of dots. 
 
 Galloping quadi'iga 1. ; charioteer holds 
 goad and reins ; above, Nike flying r., 
 about to crown him ; in ex., a ledge or 
 step, on which is placed a panoply of 
 armour, consisting of helmet and shield, 
 cuirass and greaves ; border of dots. 
 
 52 
 
 665-8 
 
 M 14 
 
 SY PA K 0§in[N] ; beneath, traces 
 of letters (IN E, partially visible). 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvi. 18.] 
 
 53 
 
 657-2 
 
 .R 1-4 
 
 inscr., almost entirely off coin; beneath 
 chin, A 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 54 
 
 6G5-3 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 ZYP AK OS 1 [UN]; beneath chin, 
 a dot. 
 
 )5 
 
 55 
 
 668-5 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 in.scr., almost entirely off coin ; behind 
 neck, a scallop-sliell. 
 
 1) 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 (By various artists.) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type r. ; around, four dolphins ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Galloping quadriga r. ; charioteer holding 
 goad in outstretched r. and reins in 1.; 
 above, Nike flying 1., about to crown 
 him ; border of dots. 
 
 56* 
 
 261- 
 
 .11 1-1 
 
 ^YPAKO^inN Female head 1., 
 weai-ing earring, necklace, and sphen- 
 done, which is tied above, and orna- 
 mented in front with a dolphin 1. above 
 waves, and behind wdth stars ; around, 
 four doljihins. 
 
 in ex., traces of inscr. 
 
 Galloping quadriga r.; bearded charioteer 
 holds goad and reins ; the rein of the 
 farthest horse broken and trailing on 
 the ground ; above, Nike flying 1., 
 carrying a wreath, with which she is 
 about to ci'own chai'ioteer, in one hand, 
 and in the other, a cord to which is 
 
 attached a label reading ^J^^ ; in 
 
 ex., two dolphins m^feting; border of 
 dots. 
 
 57 
 
 267-2 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 lower dolphin, almost off coin. 
 
 * A Punic imitation (of Euaineto 
 
 3), probably inscribed ras Melkart. 
 
 G G 2 
 
228 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 AVeight 
 
 Metal 
 
 SlZR 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 58 
 
 263-6 
 
 .^l 1-05 
 
 SYPAKO§in[N] Female head 1., 
 wearing earring, necklace, and splien- 
 done, which is tied above, and orna- 
 mented in front with swan swimming 
 1., at the back with stars and with 
 
 engraver's name, EVKA ; aroiuid, 
 
 four dolijhins. 
 
 [Head, 1 
 
 Similar ; but ornament on sphendone 
 uncertain, except stars behind. 
 
 Galloping quadi-iga r., driven by female 
 figure holding goad in r. and reins in 1. ; 
 above, Nike flying 1. to crown her ; 
 in ex., a chariot- wheel lying on the 
 ground ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 head of farthest horse, off coin ; on ex- 
 ergual line, traces of letters ? 
 
 \. IV. 4.] 
 Same die as No. 42. 
 
 59 
 
 261-7 
 
 M 105 
 
 of iiiscr., only ^ visible. 
 
 Female head 1., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; haii- rolled ; beneath chin, 
 a diptych, on the tablets of which 
 
 CIAA ' ^^'"^J^tl, four dolphins. 
 
 Same die as No. 40. 
 
 60 
 
 260-G 
 
 M 11 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 [Plate xvii. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 Female head 1., weai-ing earring and neck- 
 lace; hair bound with broad diadem, 
 over which several tresses fly back ; 
 around, four dolphins. 
 
 Fast quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds reins in 
 both hands, goad in r. ; above, Nike 
 Hying r. to crown him ; in ex., dolphin 
 ]. ; border of dots. 
 
 61 
 
 266-4 
 
 JR -95 
 
 [$]Y PAKO$[inN]; lower part of 
 type, oif coin. 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 (line of ex., double.) 
 
 L. IV. 5.] 
 
 62 
 
 268-2 
 
 M 9- 
 
 [^YPAKO] $1 n_N; plain border; 
 two dolphins, off coin. 
 
 rein of farthest horse broken and trail- 
 ing ; no border visible. 
 
 
 
 
 Dekadrachms 
 
 
 
 
 (Ry Kimoii.) 
 
 63 
 
 666- 
 
 "m 1-45 
 
 $YPAKO§inN Female head 1., 
 wearing earring, necklace, hair-band 
 and net ; around, four dolphins; border 
 of dots. 
 
 hair-band tied above ; in fi-ont of it, ^^ 
 
 Galloping quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds 
 goad and reins ; above, Nike flying r. 
 to crown him ; in ex., a ledge or step 
 on and against which is placed a panoply 
 of ai-mour, consisting of helmet and 
 shield, cuirass and greaves ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 on exergual line, traces of letters ? 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C.. p. 175 (200).] 
 
 64 
 
 657-6 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 band not tied ; on it, K ; on dolphin 
 below neck, . . A\flN 
 
 [Pl.\tf, 
 
 on exergual line, traces of letters ? 
 xvr. 10.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 229 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 65 
 
 262-7 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 6G 
 
 65-3 
 
 M 7 
 
 67 
 
 32-1 
 
 /R -65 
 
 G8 
 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 12-5 
 
 11-3 
 
 12-5 
 
 M -45 
 
 /R -45 
 
 M -45 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 (By Parme . . .) 
 
 Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace 
 and sphendone, tied above and orna- 
 mented at the back with stars; beneath 
 neck, n PAPME; around, four 
 dolphins ; plain border. 
 
 iiiscr., off coin. 
 
 Fast quadi-iga 1. ; charioteer holds goad in 
 r. hand, reins in both ; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning him ; rein of the 
 farthest horse broken and trailing ; 
 beneath hind legs of horses, a broken 
 chariot- wheel ; in ex., ear of barley 1. 
 
 [Plate xvii. 2.] 
 
 Drachm 
 
 (Probably by Eukleidas.) 
 
 Head of Pallas, three-quarter face 1., 
 wearing necklace, and Phrygian helmet 
 with throe crests, on the front of which, 
 honeysuckle ornament ; around, four 
 dolphins ; plain border. 
 
 in front, 5 Y P 
 
 SYPAKO§l HN Warrior (Leukaspis) 
 charging r., wearing crested Athenian 
 helmet, carrying sjiear in r. and large 
 oval shield on 1. arm ; at his 1, side, a 
 sword, the handle of which only is 
 seen, suspended by a strajD passing 
 over r. shoulder; behind him, a square 
 altar garlanded ; in front, a sacrificial 
 ram lying on its back 1. ; in ex., 
 AEYKA$n[l$] 
 
 [Head, Pl. v. 6.] 
 
 Hemidraclim 
 
 § Y yimilar type, without ornament on 
 helmet , around, four dolphins ; plain 
 border. 
 
 Fast quadriga 1. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in 1., reins in both hands; above, Nike 
 flying r., crowning him ; in ex., two 
 dolphins meeting ; plain border. 
 
 die fractured at ex. 
 [Head, Pl. v. 7.] 
 
 Li t r ae 
 
 $YPA Female head r., wearing ean-ing, 
 neckliice, and sphendone ; behind and 
 in front, a dolphin downwards. 
 
 Cuttle-fish, feelers of which are connected 
 by a web. 
 
 Similar head ; behind, dolphin downwards. , Similar, 
 
 $YPAKO$in N ; plain border. | 
 
 [Head, Pl. v. 9.] 
 
 $YPAKO§inN ; type 1.; no earring; I 
 border of dots. ] 
 
 [Head, Pl. v. 10.] 
 
230 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Hemili tr a 
 
 71 
 
 6-2 
 
 M -4 
 
 Similar type 1., witliout necklace ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 5Y PA in the upper quarters of a wheel 
 of four spokes, in the lower quarters of 
 wliich are two dolphins r. and 1. 
 
 L. V. 11.] 
 
 72 
 
 (3-2 
 
 ^l -45 
 
 Similar type v. 
 
 $V in one quarter of a wheel of four 
 spokes; in each of the other quarters, 
 two dots. 
 
 73 
 
 4-5 
 
 .R -4 
 
 Female head 1., wearing necklace; liair 
 in knot on crown ; beneath chin, three 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 inscr. uncertain; value-marks confused. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Female head 1., wearing earring and 
 sphendone ; plain border. 
 
 Incuse square of four quarters in different 
 planes, in the centre of which is an 
 incuse circle, containing a star of six- 
 teen rays. 
 
 74 
 
 69- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 in front, traces of letters. 
 
 
 75 
 
 77- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 „ 5YPA 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 Similar ? 
 
 L. V. 13.] 
 Similar, but star has only eight rays. 
 
 76 
 
 68- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 no in.scr. and no border visible. 
 
 
 77 
 
 58-5 
 
 JE -6 
 
 Female head 1., weai-ing earring, neck- 
 lace, and sphendone ; plain border. 
 
 $Y PA in the upper quarters of a wheel 
 of four spokes, in the lower quarters 
 of which are two dolphins r. and 1. 
 
 78 
 
 53- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. v. 14.] 
 
 79 
 
 48- 
 
 M -6 
 
 no earring or necklace. 
 
 1 1 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 231 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvebse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circa 344—317 B.C. 
 
 The expedition of Timoleon residted in the liberation of Si/racuse. Tlie restored 
 
 democracy governed the city %intil the usurpation of Agatholdes. Characteristic 
 
 types of this period are the head of Zeus, the Corinthio.n Pegasos, 
 
 and the Free Horse. 
 
 Electruu* 
 Pieces of One Hundred Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 $YPAKO§inN Head of Apollo 1., 
 laur., Lair hanging down over neck ; 
 beliind, lyre ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; hair turned np behind over 
 diadem ; behind neck, quiver, and in 
 field 1., lyre; in front, $nT[EIPA] ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 80 
 
 100-2 
 
 El. -75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 4.] 
 
 81 
 
 99-6 
 
 El. -7 
 
 border not visible. | 
 
 Pieces of Fifty Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo, as above ; border of 
 
 dots. 
 
 $YPAK OSiriN Tripod-lebes, with 
 neck and three handles. 
 
 82 
 
 o5'l 
 
 El. -6 
 
 beliind, pilos. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 5.] 
 
 83 
 
 54-6 
 
 El. -6 
 
 ,, star of eiglit rays. 
 
 
 84 
 
 54-4 
 
 El. -6 
 
 iyi*e. 
 
 
 85 
 
 51-4 
 
 El. -6 
 
 ,, lamp ; no border visible. 
 
 
 86 
 
 54-3 
 
 El. -65 
 
 ,, strung bow ; no border visible. 
 
 plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 86 is pierced.) 
 
 87 
 
 54-4 
 
 El. -6 
 
 ,, Avreatli ; ,, ,, | no border; between legs of tripod, P 
 Pieces of Twenty-Five Litrae 
 
 88 
 
 28-2 
 
 El, -4 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur.; liair falling over 
 neck. 
 
 Lyre of five strings. 
 SYPAK O^inN 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 5.] 
 
 89 
 
 27-.3 
 
 El. -45 
 
 1 SYPAKO §inN 
 
 * Ad. Holm (Grsch. SicUicni', ii., 463, iii., 65.3) holds that the Electrum coinage bchnigs to the 
 
 
 
 
 time of Dion (357 B.C.). On No. W see op. cit., i 
 
 ii.,6i.3. 1 
 
232 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 1 
 Reverse 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Thirty Litrae 
 
 90 
 
 32-8 
 
 M -4 
 
 [ZEY]$EAEY OEPlO[$] Head of 
 Zeus Eleutlierios 1., laur. 
 
 $YP A KO§inN Pegasos flying 
 1. ; in front, ^ ; beneath, «*« 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 For silver stater with Coriiithiim types, prolmhhj issued during tliis period, see Colonies 
 OF Corinth, in Vol. II. Nos. 91 — 94 correspond in weiyht to Corinthian drachms 
 
 and heniidrachms. 
 
 
 
 
 Pieces of Three Litrae 
 
 91 
 
 40-8 
 
 ^•6 
 
 Head of Kyane 1., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; hair rolled and gathei'ed in 
 knot over the brow ; behind, a lion's 
 head I. ; beneath, EY 
 
 §YPAKO$inN Pegasos flying L 
 
 92 
 
 39-2 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Pieces of One Litra and a Half 
 
 93 
 
 19-3 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar. 
 
 SYPAK OSIIIN Forepart of Pegasos, 
 with curled wing, flying 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 11.] 
 
 94 
 
 19-5 
 
 ^•5 
 
 $YP AKOSmN Head of Ai-ethusa 
 
 1., weai-ing earring and necklace ; hair 
 rolled ; around, thi-ee dolphin.s ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; above, a star of eight rays. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 L i tra 
 
 95 
 
 11-8 
 
 M -4 
 
 Head of Kyane 1., as in No. 92 ; behind, 
 EY and lion's head. 
 
 SY P -A K 0$ in N Cuttle-fish. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vi. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 Piece of Two and a Half Litrae 
 
 96 
 
 30-3 
 
 M -6 
 
 5YPAK [OSinN] Head of Pallas, 
 three-quarter face towards 1., wearing 
 necklace and Phiygian helmet with 
 three crests ; in field 1., two dolphins ; 
 plain border. 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 Naked horseman r., his hair in knot on 
 crown ; horse walking ; behind, a star 
 of fourteen rays ; beneath it, an ear of 
 barley r., and beneath horse, N ; plain 
 border. 
 
 L. VI. 13.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 23;^ 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 97 
 
 98 
 
 99 
 100 
 
 101 
 
 102 
 
 103 
 104 
 
 105 
 
 106 
 
 23-6 
 
 24-2 
 
 49G- 
 512- 
 
 133- 
 124- 
 
 111- 
 
 120- 
 
 lOG-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 ^R -5 
 
 M 1-2 
 M 1-2 
 
 JE -75 
 ^ -85 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -G 
 
 Janiform female bead, lauo.-. ; in field r., 
 two dolphins ; bordei* of dots. 
 
 Pieces of Two Litrae 
 
 Free horse pi'ancing r. 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 (No. 97 is pierced.) 
 
 ^YPAKOS iriN Similar type; in 
 field r., doljjliin r. tlownwards; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Free horse prancing 1. ; above, star of 
 fourteen rays. 
 
 [Plate xvii. 6.] 
 
 Bronze * 
 
 SYPA Head of Pallas 1., wearing i Two dolphins; between which, star-fish 
 
 Corinthian helmet bound with wreath or jellj^-fish, with eight rays, the jjoints 
 
 of olive ; plain border. 
 
 $Y illegible. 
 
 SYPA Similar. 
 
 (inscr. inverted.) 
 
 of wliich are connected by a web ; plain 
 border. 
 
 [Head, Pl. vii. 1.] 
 
 Sea-horse 1., with ciu-led wing; rein hang- 
 ing loose ; plain border. 
 
 [Head, Pl. vii. 2.] 
 
 (inscr. inverted) ; t'ircular countermark, no loose rein visible, 
 enclosing female head r., in front of 
 which, a barleycorn. 
 
 two countermai'ks, one circular, enclosing 
 female head 1., the other square, en- 
 closing lion's head 1. ; (no border visible). 
 
 [Plate xvii. 7.] 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 circular countennark ; within which, 
 wheel of four spokes ; in the spaces 
 between which, OPKI 
 
 Head of Pallas !.. wearing Corinthian Cuttle-fish ; plain bordei'. 
 helmet; })laiii border. 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 [Plate xvii. 8.] 
 
 * Ur. luihoof-BlunK'i- (Zur Miinzlunde Grossyriechenlands, etc., pp. 274 ff.) shows tliat 
 Nos. 99 — 105 and ]07 — 109 may represent the litra, trias, and uncia of one and the same 
 system, which he, with J . P. Six, Ad. Holm, and others, believes to be considerably earlier than 
 the tinip of Tiniolron. !Sce als-o Holm, Gesch. SiciUtn^, ii., 4G3, and iii., 621. No. 106 is akin in 
 style to Nos. 09— 105, but no conclusion can safely bo drawn from the weight of a single specimen. 
 
 II U 
 
234: 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Female head 1., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; hair in sphendone ; behind 
 neck, a sprig of olive; plain border. 
 
 ^Y PA Dolphin r. ; beneath, scallop- 
 shell ; plain border. 
 
 107 
 
 55- 
 
 M -65 
 
 [Head, Pl. vii. 7.] 
 
 108 
 
 43-5 
 
 M -G 
 
 
 
 109 
 
 35- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 110 
 
 316- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 $YPAKO$ inN Bearded head of 
 legendary founder Ai-chias 1., wearing 
 Corinthian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 Pegasos flying 1.; beneath, dolphin 1.; 
 between them, $ ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vii. 4.] 
 
 111 
 
 174-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 $YPAKO . . n N Head of Per- 
 sephone 1., wearing wreath of corn, 
 earring, and necklace ; hair rolled ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Pegasos flying r. ; beneath, § ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. vii. 5.] 
 
 112 
 
 74- 
 
 M -65 
 
 SYPA . . SIHN Head of Aplu-odite 
 1., wearing earring and necklace ; hair 
 tied with crossed cord ; loose tress at 
 back of head. 
 
 [Head, Pi 
 
 Forepai't of Pegasos, with curled wing, 
 flying 1.; beneath, $ 
 
 .. VII. 3.] 
 
 113 
 
 35- 
 
 M -55 
 
 Head of young river-god (Anapus) facing, 
 tlu-ee quarter face towards 1. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Head of Zeus Eleutherios 1., laur., with 
 long hair ; plain border. 
 
 $YPA . . Sm N Forepart of Pegasos 
 with curled wing flying 1. ; plain border. 
 
 5YPA K 0$in M Free horse 
 prancing 1. ; plain border. 
 
 114 
 
 29(3-5 
 
 M 11 
 
 IEY$ [E A] EYOEPlo^ 
 
 
 115 
 
 303-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 [IEY$ E A] EYOEPIOS 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 Head of Zeus Eleutherios r,, laur. ; hair 
 short; plain border. 
 
 SYPA [K o]$in N 
 
 L. VII. 8.] 
 
 Thunderbolt upright ; plain border. 
 
 IIG 
 
 225-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 IEY$ EA EY 0EPIO5 
 
 [Head, P 
 
 SYPAKO SlflN in field r., eagle r. 
 
 ., VII. 10.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 235 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 117 
 
 233-5 
 
 JE -95 
 
 lEY^EAEY EPI05 
 
 $YPAK O^inN ; in field 1., barley- 
 corn. 
 
 118 
 
 127- 
 
 M -9 
 
 [lEY^EAEYOE] PIoZ 
 
 Head of Zeus 1. ; behind, large thunder- 
 bolt. ; plain border. 
 
 SYPAK 05inN; in field 1., barley- 
 corn. 
 
 Swastica ornament ; plain border. 
 
 119 
 
 104- 
 
 M -9 
 
 traces of letters. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 traces of letters. 
 XVII. 9.] 
 
 120 
 
 27-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 Female head (Kyane ?), three-quarter 
 face towards 1., wearing necklace ; plain 
 border. 
 
 Cuttle-fish. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 SYPAKO$inN Head of Apollo 1., 
 laur. ; hair hanging down behind ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Pegasos flying 1. ; plain border. 
 
 121 
 
 76- 
 
 M -05 
 
 behind, traces of symbol. 
 
 beneath, A 
 
 122 
 
 82- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 I) 5) )) 
 
 „ Ar 
 
 123 
 
 77- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 ,, oinochoe r. 
 
 5> 1> 
 
 124 
 
 90- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 ,, amphora 
 
 „ H* 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 11.] 
 
 125 
 
 72-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 „ lion's head 1. ? 
 
 beneath, ^ 
 
 126 
 
 87' 
 
 M -7 
 
 9 
 
 above, A ? 
 
 127 
 
 74-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 ,, pine-torch. 
 
 beneath, Nl 
 
 128 
 
 81-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 ,, uncertain symbol. 
 
 )i 11 
 
 129 
 
 78- 
 
 M -75 
 
 ,, thunderbolt. 
 
 „ t£l 
 
 130 
 
 67- 
 
 M -8 
 
 no symbol. 
 
 „ A 
 
 131 
 
 75- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar type ; behind, thyrsos fastened to 
 cross-pieces of torch ; border of dots. 
 
 5YPAK0$inN Pegasos flying 1.; 
 above, J^ ? ; plain border. 
 
 132 
 
 275 
 
 M -5 
 
 Head of Apollo 1. laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, traces of inscr. 
 
 [Plate > 
 
 Dog lying 1.; head turned back; in 
 front, A ; ill ex., H > plain border. 
 
 VII. 12.] 
 
 11 H 2 
 
230 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 1 
 
 Keveese 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 317—310 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 In 317 B.C. the Syraciif^an general Ayathol-les, supported hy h's mercenaries, massacred 
 the leading members of the dominant parly aiul made himself despot. He was soon 
 
 involved in war with Carthage. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Eul)oic- Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Ares (?) 1., laur. 
 
 Galloping biga r. ; charioteer holds goad 
 in outstretched r. and reins in 1.; 
 beneath, triquetra of legs. 
 
 133 
 
 65-9 
 
 N -65 
 
 behind, § 
 
 5YP A KO^inN (downwards). 
 
 134: 
 
 65-6 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, ear of barley ; border of dots. 
 
 SYP AK 0§ 1 UN (downwards). 
 
 
 
 
 [Platk XVII. 13.] 
 
 135 
 
 66-3 
 
 N -6 
 
 no symbol ; no border. 
 
 §YP A K Ot\ n[N] (upwards). 
 
 136 
 
 G6-3 
 
 N -6 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 $YPAKO$inN (in ex.). 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrobol 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; plain border. 
 
 Similar type ; same symbol. 
 
 137 
 
 43-8 
 
 M ■:> 
 
 
 in ex., T 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. viii. 2.] 
 
 
 
 
 Diobol 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., wearing wreath of 
 corn, earring, and necklace. 
 
 $YPAKO [SI] HN Bull walking 1., 
 head lowered. 
 
 138 
 
 22-3 
 
 N- -4 
 
 [Head, Pi 
 
 .. viil. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., wearing wreath of 
 corn, earring, and necklace ; around, 
 three dolphins ; border of dots. 
 
 SYPAKOSinN (in ex.) Galloping 
 quadriga 1.; charioteer holds goad in 
 outstretched r. and reins in 1.; above, 
 triquetra of legs; in ex., beneath 
 inscr., /^ ; border of dots. 
 
 139 
 
 265- 
 
 M -95 
 
 beneath, Nl 
 
 
 140 
 
 260-9 
 
 Ai 1- 
 
 beneath, NK 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. viii. 4.] 
 
 141 
 
 2fi0-9 
 
 M 1- 
 
 beneath, <|>I 
 
 1 1 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 237 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 SYPAKO^inN Head of Persephone 
 1., wearing wreath of corn and neck- 
 lace ; border of dots. 
 
 Bull butting 1. ; above and l)eneath, 
 dolphin 1. ; plain border. 
 
 142 
 
 170- 
 
 iE -85 
 
 behind, star of eight rays. 
 
 beneath upper dolphin, Al 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. viii. 9.] 
 
 143 
 
 152-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 5) )) )) 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 144 
 
 165- 
 
 M -85 
 
 symbol uncertain. 
 
 beneath upper dolphin, N^ 
 
 145 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, scallop ? 
 
 J» J5 
 
 146 
 
 157-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 OSIflN Similar head varied ; 
 
 behind, long torch flaming ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 SYPAKOSiriN Female head 1., wear- 
 ing eaiTing and necklace ; hair rolled 
 and wavy ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; same symbols ; same border, 
 above upper dolphin, AT 
 
 Bull butting 1.; plain border. 
 
 147 
 
 62-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, poj^py-head. 
 
 above, E 
 
 148 
 
 51-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 above, traces of symbol (or monogr. ?) 
 
 149 
 
 40-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, comucopiae? 
 
 above, dolphin r., beneath which, O ; in 
 ex., N 1 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pi,, viii. 11.] 
 
 150 
 
 53-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, bucraninm. 
 
 above, dolphin r. ; in ex., JS^ within 
 wi'eath. 
 
 151 
 
 42- 
 
 M -6 
 
 behind, ear of barley. 
 
 above, trident r. ; in ex., AT 
 
 152 
 
 51- 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, asti-agalos. 
 
 above, axe 1.; in ex., $ H 
 
 153 
 
 50- 
 
 M -65 
 
 ): jj 
 
 )» )) 
 
 154 
 
 52- 
 
 JE -65 
 
 behind, ear of barley. 
 Similar. 
 
 above, dolphin 1.; in ex., 5A 
 Similar. 
 
 155 
 
 26- 
 
 JE -5 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 Similar head ; border of dots. 
 
 nothing above ; in ex., <|> 
 
 ^YPAKO^IflN (in ex.) Similar type; 
 above, ^ ; plain border. 
 
 150 
 
 53-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
238 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 157 
 
 158 
 
 159* 
 
 160 
 
 161 
 162 
 
 163 
 
 164 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 63- 
 
 108- 
 
 84- 
 
 2G0-7 
 
 258-6 
 263-5 
 
 258-3 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1-1 
 .^ 1-2 
 
 M 1- 
 
 145-5 M -9 
 
 Similar head ; in front, dolphin I., down- 
 wards ; behind, ear of barley ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 5YPAK0§inN (beneath) Similar 
 type ; ahove, /S^ A ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate xvji. 14.] 
 
 Toung male head (Ares ?) 1., laur. ; 
 beneath, A I ? 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 Triquetra of legs ; on the feet, winged 
 talaria ; ia the centre, a circle. 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. viii. 8.] 
 
 Head of Zeus Eleutherios 1 . , laur. ; hair 
 long ; behind, star of eight rays ; plain 
 border. 
 
 $YPAKO$IIiN Triquetra of 
 legs ; in the centre, a circle, within 
 which, Gorgon's head ; plain border. 
 
 aroand, lEYS EAEYOEPIOS 
 
 (partially legible). 
 
 [Plate xvii. 15.] 
 
 Circa 310—307 B.C. 
 
 AgailioTcles carried the war into Africa, for a time with great success. The 
 following series, the earliest that bear his name, loere prohahly struck after his 
 
 first victories there. 
 
 SiLVBR 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Head of Persephone r., wearing wreath of 
 corn, earring, and necklace ; hair long ; 
 behind, KOPA$ downwards; border 
 of dots. 
 
 ATAOOKAEIO^ Nike, naked to 
 
 waist, standing r., holding in r. a 
 hammer and in 1. a nail, with which 
 she fastens helmet to trophy ; in field 
 1., triquetra of legs ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xvii. 16.] 
 
 Similar type ; behind, KOPA^ upwards; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ArAOOKAE[OS] (in ex.) Similar 
 type; in field r., triquetra; in field 
 
 1-, /^ 
 
 For silver staters with Corinthian types, issued circa 317 — 306 B.C., 
 see Colonies of Corinth, in Vol. II. 
 
 SY PAKOSinN Young male head r., 
 wearing taenia ; border of dots. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Lion advancing r. ; above, club r. 
 in ex., arrow r. ; border of dots. 
 
 * With the Obverse compare No. 119. If No. 159 really belongs to the time of Agathokles, 
 which seems doubtful in spite of the triquetra, it must be one of his earliest issues. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 239 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 165 
 
 140- 
 
 M -9 
 
 behind, strung bow. 
 
 in ex., arrow r. ; no border visible. 
 
 166 
 
 110-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 Similar ; but type 1. 
 
 in ex., pine-torch flaming r. ; plain border. 
 Similar. 
 
 167 
 
 124-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 in ex., pine-torch flaming r. ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. ix. 3.] 
 
 168 
 
 137-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in ex., pine-torch flaming r. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 1G9 
 
 95- 
 
 2E -85 
 
 
 in ex., pine-torch flaming L; bordei" of 
 dots. 
 
 170 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, star. 
 
 ex., plain ; border of dots. 
 
 171 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 behind, tripod. 
 
 ,, border not visible. 
 
 172 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 Bust of Artemis r., wearing eaii'ing and 
 necklace ; hair in knot behind ; top of 
 quiver visible at shoulder; in front, 
 ZnTElPA ; border of dots. 
 
 [Cf. Head, 
 Similar ; but type 1. 
 
 ZYPAK Winged thunderbolt; plain 
 OZIIIN border. 
 
 Pl. IX. 4.] 
 Similar; with fl . 
 
 173 
 
 32-5 
 
 JE -65 
 
 [Head, 1 
 
 §YPAK O^IHN Head of Pallas r., 
 weai-ing earring, necklace, and crested 
 Corinthian helmet without neckpiece or 
 covering for the ears ; adorned with 
 running griffin. 
 
 ^L. IX. 5.] 
 
 Pegaaos flying 1., both wings \asible ; 
 beneath, trident 1.; plain border. 
 
 174 
 
 162- 
 
 M -9 
 
 behind, traces of symbol. 
 
 [Head, r 
 
 >L. IX. 7.] 
 
 175 
 
 28- 
 
 2E -6 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Corinthian helmet ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Cf, Hea<l. 
 
 ^yPAK Winged thunderbolt; border 
 OSinN of dots. 
 
 Pl,. IX. 9.] 
 
240 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 307—289 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The Diadochi began to assume the title of /Joo-iXeus circa 307 B.C., and AgatlioMes 
 followed their example. He died circa 289 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Pieces of Eighty Litrae 
 
 176 
 
 86-7 
 
 N 1 
 
 Head of Pallas r., weai-ing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Corinthian helmet, 
 adorned with running griffin. 
 
 AfAOOKAEOZ Winged thunderbolt. 
 BA2IAEOZ 
 
 beneath, T 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 17.] 
 
 177 
 
 87-8 
 
 N -7 
 
 
 beneath, <t> 
 
 178 
 
 90- 
 
 N -7 
 
 • 
 
 beneath, E 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 For silver stater of Corinthian type^, and reduced iceight, issued circa 306 — 289 B.C., 
 see Colonies op Corinth, in Vol. II. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Bu.st of Arteinis r., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; hair in knot behind ; top of 
 quiver visible at shoulder; in front, 
 ZnTElPA; border of dots. 
 
 ATAGOKAEOZ Winged thunderbolt; 
 BAZIAEOZ i^lain border. 
 
 179 
 
 169-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 « 
 
 180 
 
 156- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. ix. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 289—287 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 For a brief period after the death of Agatholdes Syracuse toas again 
 democratically governed. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of Artemis 1., wearing earring and 
 necklace ; hair in knot behind ; quiver 
 over shoulder; in front, ZI2TEIPA; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AlOZEAEY Winged thunderbolt; 
 0EPIOY plain border. 
 
 181 
 
 114- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 182 
 
 124- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. ix. 14.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus Eleutherios 1., laur. ; hair 
 falling in tln-ee long curls behind ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAK Winged thunderbolt; plain 
 OZIIIN border. 
 
 183 
 
 118- 
 
 M -85 
 
 around, traces of letters ? 
 
 [Head, Pl 
 
 ,. IX. lo.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 241 
 
 No. 
 
 1S4 
 185 
 
 186 
 
 187 
 188 
 
 189 
 
 190 
 191 
 192 
 
 WEIGfiT 
 
 05 -8 
 65-8 
 G5-5 
 
 190-5 
 1791 
 
 140- 
 
 159- 
 
 178- 
 173- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 A^ -GS 
 N -65 
 A" -GS 
 
 .R 1- 
 M 11 
 
 iE -9 
 
 IE -95 
 JE 1- 
 yE -95 
 
 Circa 287—278 b.c. 
 
 llic foUoir/nf/ coins mere issued during the tyrannij of ITilcetas, who refrained from 
 assuming the roijal title, and placed his name only on the gold. 
 
 Gold 
 Pieces of Sixty Litrae (= Attic Drachms) 
 
 SYPAKO^mN Head of Rersephone 
 1., wearing wi'oatli of corn, earring, and 
 necklace ; liair rolled ; border of dots. 
 
 behind, cornucojaiae. 
 
 EP 1 1 KETA (ill ex.) Riga r., driven by 
 
 Nike, naked to waist, holding goad and 
 reins ; horses prancing. 
 
 above, moon ; beneath, O 
 [Plate xvii. 18.] 
 
 beliind, long torch flaming ; (inscr., off 
 coin). 
 
 same die. 
 
 above, 
 
 beneath. 
 
 above, star of eight rays; beneati) horses, 
 ear of bai4ey 1. 
 
 Silver* 
 Pieces of Fifteen Litrae (= Attic Tridrachms) 
 
 Head of Pei'se})honc 1., weaiing wi'eath of 
 corn, eariing, and necklace ; bail' long. 
 
 behind, bucraninm. 
 behind, bee. 
 
 SYPAKOZinN (in ex.) Gallophig 
 quadriga 1., driven by Nike, wearing 
 long chiton, and holding goad in out- 
 stretched r. and reins in 1. 
 
 above, star of eight rays. 
 [Plate xvir. 19.] 
 
 I no symbol visible. 
 
 Rronze'' 
 
 SYPAKO^IflN Head of Persephone 
 1., wealing wreath of corn, earring, and 
 necklace ; hair long ; border of dots. 
 
 Riga r., driven by charioteer wearing long 
 chiton, and holding goad in outstretched 
 r. and reins iu I.; horses cantei-ing; 
 al)ove, star of eight rays ; plain border. 
 
 (no border visible). 
 [Head, Pl. x. 5.] 
 behind, dot and ear of barley. in ex., 7\ 
 
 1) )5 
 
 in ex., /^ 
 
 * Ad. Holm {Gesch. SiciJiens, iii. 685 f.) gives strong reasons for ascribing to an earlier period 
 the M and ^ assigned by Head to the time of Hiketas. But, if this transference is made, how 
 is the gap to be filled? It shoxild be explained that after circa 300 u.c, the form of sigma fluc- 
 tuates between £ and §, it being often impossible to distinguish accurately which is employed. 
 
 I I 
 
242 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rk VERSE 
 
 193 
 194 
 
 195 
 196 
 
 197 
 
 198 
 
 199 
 
 200 
 201 
 202 
 203 
 204 
 205 
 
 206 
 
 207 
 208 
 
 168- 
 149-5 
 
 127-5 
 105- 
 
 130-5 
 171-5 
 
 135-5 
 
 165- 
 
 1G8-5 
 
 168-5 
 
 171-5 
 
 124-5 
 
 142- 
 
 97-5 
 
 177-5 
 179- 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -95 
 M -95 
 
 ^ -85 
 M -95 
 JE -95 
 M -9 
 JE -95 
 m -9 
 M -9 
 
 JE -8 
 
 M -95 
 Al -95 
 
 behind, dot and ear of bax'lej. 
 
 .^ -9 A ill place of dot ; border not visible. 
 
 §YPAKO§inN 
 
 l)oi-iler of dots. 
 
 Similar type 1. ; 
 
 Similar type r., without necklace ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 §YPA 
 VSI2I§0[>|] 
 
 inscr. uncertain ; behind, long torch 
 flaming ; no border visible. 
 
 Head of Zeus Hellenios 1., beardless and 
 laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 [AlOjS EAAANIOY; behind, un- 
 cei-tain symbol. 
 
 traces of inscr. ; behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 [P 
 AI05 EAAANIOY ; behind, trophy. 
 
 inscr., off coin ; 
 
 loY ; 
 
 beneath horses, N ; in ex., Sfl ; (border 
 not visible). 
 
 above horses, T; in ex., $X1 
 
 Similar type ; no star ; plain border, 
 above, thunderbolt ; in ex., /\ 
 beneath horses' feet, triqueti-a of legs. 
 
 Similar type ; above, stai'. 
 in ex., no X ; plain bordei-. 
 
 in ex., E X ; 110 border. 
 
 Eagle 1. on thunderbolt, wings open ; 
 plain border. 
 
 5YPAKo$in [N] 
 
 $YPAK 0§inN; (border not visible). 
 [Plate xvii, 20.] 
 
 5YPAK 0$inN; in field 1., star of 
 eight rays. 
 
 j> ji 
 
 )) )) 
 
 AIO$ EAAANIOY; no symbol and 
 no border visible. 
 
 AAAN lOY ; border of dots. 
 
 5YP [AKO] SiriN; in field 1., star 
 of eight rays. 
 
 traces of inscr. ; in field 1., "^ ; (no 
 border visible). 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 field. 
 (No. 205 is rostruck.) 
 
 n N ; nothing visible in 
 
 Similar type, 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 AIO$ EAAANIOY Similar type r. ; 
 hair long ; behind, troj^hy ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 [§YPAKo] §inN 
 
 ^YPAK OSinN Similar type; in 
 field 1., star of eight rays ; plain border. 
 
 [Head, Pl. x. 8.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 243 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 1 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Siniiliu- ; but no symbol. 
 
 SYPAKOSinN Similar; but above 
 
 star, A 
 
 209 
 
 12b- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 209 is I'osfcruck.) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [^YPAK] 0$inN Similar type ; in 
 field 1., A ; l)lain border. 
 
 210 
 
 129- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; plain border. 
 
 211 
 
 101 -5 
 
 yE -9 
 
 
 SYPAK 
 
 212 
 
 131- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 $YPAK 0$inN 
 
 
 
 
 (Nos. 211 f. are rostruck on *E of Agatliokles, resembling Nos. 179 f.) 
 
 213 
 
 139-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 (inscr. not visible.) 
 
 [$YPAK] ...HN 
 
 214 
 
 79- 
 
 iE -8 
 
 
 ZYPAK [0]ZinN 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 278—276 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 /*( 278 B.C. Vijfvhus of Eplnis, who iras then in Itahj cliampioninij tlic caitfe of the 
 
 
 
 
 Tarcnfineit, ipas suiiimonrd hi/ the. Si/racnsans, who u-cre heimj hard jiiesfied hi/ a 
 
 
 
 
 CarthcKjinian invasion. The ti/pes of the foUoiciuij shoidd he corn-pared icith those 
 
 
 
 
 of Pi/rrhus's oicn coins. 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., weai-ing wreath of 
 
 Within oak-wreath, long torch, flaming 1. 
 
 
 
 
 corn, earring, and necklace ; hair long ; 
 
 
 
 
 
 behind, stalk of barley ; border of dots. 
 
 
 215 
 
 ibo- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 D.N 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. x. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 ^YPAKO^iniSI Head of young 
 
 Pallas Promnchos r., wearing crested 
 
 
 
 
 Herakles 1., wearing lion's skin ; bolder 
 
 helmet, long chiton with diidoidion. and 
 
 
 
 
 of dots. 
 
 chlamys over shoulders ; she brandishes 
 spear (or thunderbolt*) in r. and holds 
 shield on outstretched 1. arm ; plain 
 border. 
 
 21G 
 
 176- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 in field 1., thunderbolt. 
 
 217 
 
 152- 
 
 IE 1- 
 
 (inscr., partially off coin.) 
 
 in field r., owl r. 
 
 21b 
 
 152- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 in field r., owl r. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 218 is resfcruck on ^E of Agatliokles, resembling Nos. 179 f.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 21.] 
 
 219 
 
 146-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in field 1., liead of trident r. 
 
 220 
 
 163-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 in field 1., head of trident upwards. 
 
 221 
 
 153-5 
 
 M -95 
 
 i 
 
 behind, club downwards. 
 
 * On Nos. 21G f., it is a spear ; 
 
 5? n n 
 on Nob. 218 fl'., u thuniierboU. 
 
 1 I 
 
244 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Revkkse 
 
 222 
 
 152- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 Similai- type ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 XYPA KOllHN Similar type, with 
 thunderbolt ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. x. 12.] 
 
 223 
 
 128- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in field r., owl r. ; H in inscr. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 275—216 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Oil the inUluli-aiijdJ of rijn-lniA, <(fter a hricf hut hriUiunl series of campaigns, Ilicrdti, 
 
 
 
 
 one of his o[firers, reiiaiincd us general of the Sijracus((it armi/, and before long hecaiiu; 
 
 tyrant of Siiraciise. The neio ruler took the side of the Romans in the Second Punic 
 
 War, and at its close he shared Sicily ivith them. He reigned till 21G B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., weai'iiig- wreath of 
 
 lEPilNOZ Fast biga r., driven by 
 
 
 
 
 co)-ii, oari-iug, and neckhiee ; hair long ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 female charioteer, wearing long chiton 
 and holding goad in outstretched r. and 
 reins in 1. ; plain border. 
 
 224 
 
 6G-4 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 behind, ear of barley. 
 
 . (1, off coin.) 
 
 225 
 
 6G-3 
 
 M -G 
 
 ,, cornucopiae. 
 
 
 226 
 
 66- 
 
 N -GS 
 
 ,, • bee. 
 
 
 227 
 
 G5-G 
 
 .V •(; 
 
 ,, wreath. 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr. in ex. ; above horses, M 1 
 lEPHNOZ Similar type 1. 
 
 228 
 
 65-6 
 
 N -er) 
 
 behind, bucrauiuni. 
 
 beneath horses, E ; plain boi'der. 
 
 229 
 
 G5-8 
 
 N- -7 
 
 )> 5> 
 
 beneath hor.ses, A; border of dots ; (ilV). 
 
 230 
 
 65-8 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 „ bee. 
 
 beneath horses, A^ ; no border visible; „ 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 22.] 
 
 231 
 
 65-9 
 
 N' -6 
 
 behind, poppy-head. | no letter ; no border visible. 
 
 Silver • 
 
 IIieron''s earliest silrer is struclc on the standard of the coins of Pyrrhits [No. 232). 
 
 Subsequently he introduced a system (Nos. 233 _//'.) closely related to thd used 
 
 in Egypt by the Ptolemies, with whom he had commercial relations* 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing eari-ing, neck- 
 lace, and crested Corinthian helmet 
 
 1 EPnN OZ Pegasos Hying 1. 
 
 
 
 
 without neck-piece or ear -covering, 
 adorned with serpent ; behind, bu- 
 cranium ; bordei- of dots. 
 
 
 232 
 
 85'7 
 
 yil-85 
 
 * Ad. Holm, Gctich. Sic 
 
 7ie»s, iii., pp. 34 f., 694. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 245 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Kevekse 
 
 
 
 
 The head on the Ohv. af the foUowhig is prohahhj that of Gcloa, Ilierou'ti son, 
 
 who predeceased /it'm.* 
 
 Pieces of Eight Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 Beardless male head (Gelon) 1., diademed ; 
 border uf dots. 
 
 XY P A KO 1 1 1 Fast biga r. , driven by 
 
 rEAflNOZ winged Nike, naked 
 
 to waist, holding reins in both hands; 
 
 second word of inscr. in ex. ; plain border. 
 
 233 
 
 102-S 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in front, BA and K; (no exergual line). 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. xi. 4.] 
 
 234 
 
 102-3 
 
 Ai -8 
 
 1 above horses, BA ; ,, 
 (No. 231 is pierced.) 
 
 235 
 
 106-7 
 
 ^R -8 
 
 beliiud, traces of symbol. 
 
 beneath horses, BA and E 
 
 236 
 
 105- 
 
 ^R -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ZYPAKOZIOI Slow biga r., driven by 
 
 PEAXINOX winged Nike, wearing 
 
 long chiton, and holding reins in both 
 
 hands, goad in 1.; in front. Ml ; second 
 
 word of inscr. in ex. ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate .wii. 23.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ZYPAKOZIOl Galloping biga r., 
 
 [PEA JIINOS driven by Nike as 
 
 above, holding goad in r. ; head of 
 
 farther horse well in advance ; beneath 
 
 horses, z. ; second word of inscr. in ex. 
 
 237 
 
 104-3 
 
 yR -8 
 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvii. 24.] 
 
 
 
 
 Pieces of Four Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 Beardless male head (Geloii) !., diademed; 
 border of dots. 
 
 SYPAKOZIOI TEAnNoS Eagle 
 with closed wings, standing r. ou 
 thunderbolt ; plain border. 
 
 238 
 
 50- 
 
 /R -65 
 
 
 behind, E ; in front, BA 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pi,, xi. 5.] 
 
 239 
 
 49 4 
 
 A\ -7 
 
 1 behind. BA ; in front, K 
 
 
 
 
 * Some scholars, however, consider tliiit the 
 Hieron II. arc idealized representations of the ea 
 who inclines to this view, sug>;c^.ts that the he 
 Philistis, may really be intended for Daniarete (. 
 
 portraits of Gelon and Hieron on the coins of 
 rly tyi-ants of those names. Dr. Imhoof-Blumer, 
 id on the next series, usually taken for that of 
 'ortratkopje auf Antikcn Oricck. Munzcn, p. 21). 
 
246 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevekse 
 
 240 
 
 241 
 
 242 
 
 243 
 
 244 
 
 245 
 
 246 
 
 208-8 
 
 21C-8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 215-6 
 
 21ie treatiucid of the head of Philistis, wife of Hieron, closch/ reseiuhles thai of the head 
 of Arsinoe on contemporary Ptolemaic coins, thus furnishing another indication 
 
 of relations with Egypt. 
 
 Pieces of Sixteen Litrae 
 
 Head of Philistis 1., diademed and veiled. 
 
 behind, long torch flaaning. 
 
 BAZIAIZZAZ Galloping quadriga 
 <l> I A I ZT I AO£ r. , driven by winged 
 
 Nike, naked to waist, and holding rehis 
 in both hands ; horses moving in step. 
 
 beneath horses' fore-l^s, E 
 [Plate xviii. 1.] 
 
 type r. ; l)ehind, stalk of bai'ley. beneath horses' fore-legs, < 
 
 Similar type 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 yll I'l : behind, traces of symbol. 
 
 203-7 M 1-1 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 BAZIAIZZAZ Slow quadriga r., 
 <t>IAIZTIAOZ driven by winged 
 
 Nike, wearing long chiton ; holds palm 
 over r. shoulder, reins in both hands. 
 
 underneath horses' fore- legs, A 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. xi. 8.] 
 
 Similar (with • in inscr.) ; but Nike 
 without palm. 
 
 213-6 
 
 208- 
 
 behind, thyrsos with fillet ; border of j in front, A 
 dots. 
 
 [Head, Pl. xi. 9.] 
 .ifl pl. 1-1 no symbol and no border visible. in front, K ; plain border. 
 
 A\ 1-05 behind, wreath ; border doubtful. 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 >> n 
 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 in front, traces of letter ; no border. 
 
 above, <|> ; no border. 
 
 Piece of Five Litrae 
 
 Head of Philistis 1., diademed and veiled j 
 border of dots. 
 
 247 
 
 68- 
 
 M 7 
 
 BAZIAIZZAZ Slow biga r., driven 
 
 <t>IAIZTIA»Z by winged Nike, 
 
 wearing long chiton, and holding reins 
 
 in both hands ; in fiout, K ; plain 
 
 border. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 247 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze * 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hieron 1., wearing diadem. 
 
 lEPHNOZ (in ex.) Galloping biga r., 
 driven by winged Nike, n iked to waist, 
 holding reins in lioth hands. 
 
 248 
 
 559- 
 
 M 1-35 
 
 (border of dots ?) 
 
 beneath, N 
 
 249 
 
 525- 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 [Plate 
 
 beneath, traces of letter, 
 xviii. 2.] 
 
 250 
 
 273-5 
 
 M 1-06 
 
 Head of Hieron 1., wearing diadem ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, lyre; (head laur.). 
 
 IEP£2N0$ (in ex.) Horseman pi'ancing 
 r. ; he weai-s helmet, cuiriiss, and 
 chlamys, and holds couched spear in r. ; 
 plain border. 
 
 251 
 
 252 
 
 273- 
 
 281- 
 
 JE 1-05 
 M 1-05 
 
 no .symbol vi.sible. 
 
 [Cf. Head, 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 beneath hoi-se, A 
 Pl. XII. 1.] 
 A 
 
 253 
 
 270- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 /R 
 
 254 
 
 259- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 behind, sci-pent. 
 
 )j 
 
 255 
 
 268- 
 
 M 105 
 
 no symbol. 
 
 1) 
 
 256 
 
 265- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 I 
 
 257 
 
 274- 
 
 M 11 
 
 behind, poppy-head. 
 
 15 
 
 258 
 
 255- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 behind, bucraninm. 
 
 •>y 
 
 259 
 
 240- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 AY 
 
 260 
 
 268-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 i> >» 
 
 Ml 
 
 261 
 
 261- 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 n 1? 
 
 N 
 
 262 
 
 265- 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 ?1 5' 
 
 >» 
 
 263 
 
 300- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 behind, bucranium. 
 
 NK 
 
 264 
 
 258-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 ji ij 
 
 ') 
 
 265 
 
 290- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 ^ 
 
 266 
 
 265-5 
 
 JE 105 
 
 Tt ;> 
 
 % 
 
 267 
 
 289- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 " )j 
 
 
 
 268 
 
 269- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 uncertain symbol. 
 
 It 
 
 269 
 
 285- 
 
 iE 1-1 
 
 behind, pine-torch flaming'. 
 
 [Plate } 
 
 * Nos. 248 f. represent the double of Nos. 2.50 
 common convention which distinguished n tet 
 horseman. 
 
 vviii. 3.] 
 
 ff. The difference in the Rev. type recalls the 
 radrachm by a quadriga and a didrachm by a 
 
218 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Wee&ht 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 270 
 
 181-5 
 
 JE -95 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., weaving wroatli 
 of corn, earring, and necklace ; hair 
 rolled ; border of dots. 
 
 lEPilNO^ Pegasos flying r. ; beneath, 
 § ; pliiin border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Fh. xii. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon 1., wearing taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 lEP UNOS Ornamental trident, on 
 either side of which a doljihin down- 
 wards ; plain border. 
 
 271 
 
 129- 
 
 IE -9 
 
 
 in field 1., A" 
 
 272 
 
 141- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 hP 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xviii. 4.] 
 
 273 
 
 127- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 
 
 27t 
 
 133- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 N 
 
 275 
 
 131- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ,, (fl in inscr.) 
 lEPn N0$ Similar. 
 
 276 
 
 87-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 in field r., AP 
 
 277 
 
 88-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 AP 
 
 278 
 
 101- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 AY ; (12 in inscr.). 
 
 279 
 
 102-5 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 in field 1., ; in field r., <|); (fl in inscr.). 
 
 280 
 
 126- 
 
 M -85 
 
 ZYPAKOZinN* Head of Persephone 
 1., weai'ing wreath of corn, earring, and 
 necklace ; hair rolled ; border of dots. 
 
 in field r., A ; no border. 
 
 IE (in ex.) Bull butting 1.; al)ove 
 whicl), club 1.; ])lain boi'der. 
 
 281 
 
 97-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 behind, poppy-head ? 
 
 beneath club, A 
 
 282 
 
 76- 
 
 M -75 
 
 no symbol. 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. xii. 6.] 
 
 283 
 
 88- 
 
 M -75 
 
 po2:)py-hcad. 
 
 X 
 
 284 
 
 86- 
 
 jE -8 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 51 
 
 285 
 
 88-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 kanthai-os ? 
 
 H 
 
 2S6 
 
 75-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 poppy-head. 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xviii. 5.] 
 
 287 
 
 88-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 poppy-head . 
 
 lA 
 
 288 
 
 102-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 symbol obscui-e. 
 
 * On all the followino: the inscr. is obscure, 
 where certainty is possible, the form employed if 
 
 or altogether off tho coin. Tn the few cases 
 
 n 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 249 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 289 
 
 74-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 ii(j symbol visible. 
 
 M 
 
 290 
 
 84-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 symbol obscure. 
 
 M 
 
 291 
 
 ^... 
 
 jE -85 
 
 bucrauium 
 
 N 
 
 292 
 
 9G- 
 
 M -8 
 
 poppy-head. 
 
 I 
 
 293 
 
 8(j- 
 
 M -75 
 
 )) 
 
 O 
 
 294 
 
 91-0 
 
 iE -75 
 
 ?) 
 
 T 
 
 295 
 
 102- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 symbol obscure. 
 
 11 
 
 296 
 
 «5- 
 
 iE •7.-) 
 
 110 symbol. 
 
 Siiiiiiar; AvitLout symbol; no iuscr. 
 
 11 
 Similar. 
 
 297 
 
 o4'.j 
 
 iE •(;") 
 
 
 beneath club, fi^ 
 
 298 
 
 65- 
 
 M -Co 
 
 
 AY 
 
 299 
 
 7()-5 
 
 ^ -(iS 
 
 
 Z 
 
 300 
 
 72-0 
 
 M a:) 
 
 
 11 
 
 301 
 
 59- 
 
 7E HG 
 
 
 11 
 
 302 
 
 57- 
 
 /E G- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 11 
 
 Similar tyjje and symbol, both r. ; iu ex., 
 1 E ; plain border. 
 
 303 
 
 GO-5 
 
 JE -6 
 
 
 beneath club, AY 
 
 304 
 
 48- 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 
 no letters beneath club. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xviu. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 216 — 215 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 liicrou's yrandsoii, Hiei-oiii/inns, succeeded to the ti/n<niii/, but icas assasmuoted 
 
 
 
 
 a near later. 
 
 
 
 
 SlLVEli 
 
 
 
 
 Pieces of Ten Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hieronymus 1., diademed; border 
 
 B A Z 1 A E O Z Winged thunderbolt ; 
 
 
 
 
 of dots. 
 
 lEPHNYMOY plain border. 
 
 3i>.') 
 
 127-4 
 
 Ai -8:, 
 
 
 {Q. in iiiscr.j 
 
 30'; 
 
 1 
 
 12«v 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 [Plate > 
 
 above, Ml 
 .viii. 7.] 
 
 K K 
 
250 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 EE VERSE 
 
 307 
 308 
 
 132-5 
 164- 
 
 309 
 310 
 
 1572 
 149-4 
 
 311 
 
 154- 
 
 312 
 
 100-8 
 
 313 
 
 60- 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of Hieroiijiuus 1., iliiRleinud; border 
 of dots. 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -9 
 
 BAZIAEOZ 
 lEPIlNYMoY 
 
 Winged tluiiulerboU 
 plain border. 
 
 above, T ; below, A 
 
 above, <|) ; below, O 
 [Head, Pi.. XII. 13.) 
 
 Circa 215—212 B.C. 
 
 Tlie fctitorcd (Iciiiocrnnj. folJoivivr/ the policy initiated hi/ Hieroni/iiiiis, (Icjivitrh/ 
 
 declared for Carlliaije aijaiiint Hume (214 li.c). In conxcqiiciice, Syractisc icas 
 
 besieged and captured by the Houians (212 B.C.). 
 
 SlI.VEU 
 
 Pieces of Twelve Litrae 
 
 Head of Pallas I., -wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, cre.sted Corinthian helmet, and 
 aegis tied round throat with snakes ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 M -95 behind, A" 
 M. -95 uo luojiogr. 
 
 ZYPAKOZinN Artemis standing 1., 
 quiver on shoulder, bending her bow to 
 shoot ; she wears endromides and short 
 chiton with diplo'idion ; at her feet, a 
 hound i-unning 1. ; plain border. 
 
 M -95 
 
 M -95 
 
 M 
 
 in field 1., ZH 
 
 [Pl.ATK XVHI. 8.] 
 
 in field 1., Y A 
 Z A 
 
 Similar, without aegis ; helmet adorned Similar, 
 with serpent. 
 
 in field 1., I A 
 
 Piece of Eig-ht Litrae 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., Avearing earring, neck- 
 lace, aegis fastened round throat with 
 snakes, and crested CoiTutliian helmet, 
 adoi-ned with rtiiining giiffin ; on back 
 of helmet, A ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKoZlflN Winged thunderbolt; 
 
 Y A 
 
 beneath, .^ . ; plain bordei-. 
 
 [Plate xviii. 9.] 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., bound Avith taenia ; i XYPAKO ZlflN Ornamental trident ; 
 border of dots. : border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xviii. 10.] 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 251 
 
 No. I Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 314 
 315 
 
 Sir, 
 
 317 
 
 318 
 
 319 
 
 320 
 
 41-5 
 
 30- 
 
 33- 
 
 29- 
 24-5 
 
 154-5 
 179-5 
 
 321 
 
 322 
 
 323 
 
 324 
 
 33- 
 
 49- 
 
 in9-5 
 
 98- 
 
 M -55 
 jE "55 
 JE -G 
 
 M -45 
 M 
 
 JF. -9 
 
 JE -85 
 
 ZYP AKO Ornamental trident be- 
 
 Z I ilN tween two dolphins 
 
 d(j\vnvvai'd.s ; plain border. 
 
 (12 in in.scr.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 type 1. ;• heliind. tlinnderliolt. 
 
 ,, behind, ear of barley. 
 
 type r. ; behind, crescent with horns 
 upwai'ds. 
 
 type r. ; place of symbol, off coin. 
 ,, no symbol visible. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., lani'. ; hair long; ZYPAKOZIHN (in ex.) TbeDioskouroi 
 border of dots. . I on horseback, cantering r. ; r. arms 
 
 I r.iised ; above the head of each, a star ; 
 beneath them, A ; plain border. 
 
 (much worn.) 
 Head, Pr.. xiii. 13.] 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., lanr. ; hair long; ZYPA Tripod-lebes, with neck and 
 
 border of dots. ; KOZIHLN] three handles; plain 
 
 border. 
 
 jE '5 ! behind, thunderbolt. 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pr,. xni. 14.] 
 
 ZYPAKO ZinN Similar tyjje ; plain 
 border. 
 
 JE -6 behind, astragalos ? 
 
 M 1- 
 
 jE -8 
 
 Tripod-lebes, with neck and three handles, 
 filleted ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 After circa 210 B.C. 
 
 After ilie ' fteftleineiU ' of Sicily in 210 B.C. Syraciisc continued to stril-e 
 bronze hi/ favour of the Bomaiis. 
 
 Head of Zeus i;., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKO Statue of divinity flsis ?) 
 
 ZIHN in triumphal quadriga r., 
 
 holding flaming torch ; horses walking. 
 
 [Head, Pr-. xiv. 1.] 
 Head of Zens r., lanr. ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKO ZIGN Tyche (of Syracu.se) 
 standing 1., tnrreted, holding rudder 
 and leaning on sceptre ; j^lain border. 
 
 [Head, Pl. xiv. 2.] 
 
 K K Z 
 
SICILY 
 
 No. 1 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obver.se 
 
 Reverse 
 
 325 
 
 326 
 327 
 
 328 
 
 329 
 330 
 
 331 
 
 332 
 
 333 
 
 334 
 
 335 
 336 
 337 
 
 99- 
 
 141- 
 133- 
 
 1'.7- 
 
 110- 
 86-5 
 
 138- 
 
 114- 
 
 99-.-) 
 
 110- 
 
 75' 
 141-5 
 
 109-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -9 
 JE -95 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -8 
 M -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKO ZinN Eagle, with wings 
 open, on thunderbolt r. ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xviii. II.] 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur.; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKOZIQN (below) Galloping 
 biga r., driven by winged Nike, holding 
 whip and reins ; above, crescent with 
 horns upwards ; plain border. 
 
 [Plate win. 12.] 
 
 crescent, not visible. 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., lanr. ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKOZIQN fin ex.) Fast biga 1., 
 driven by winged Nike, holding goad in 
 r., reins in 1. ; ])lain Ixirdei-. 
 
 above, star. 
 
 above, dolphin r 
 [Plate xviil 13.] 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur.; border of dots. 
 
 ZY P A KO^in [ N ] Fast biga r . , driven 
 by winged Nike ; border of riots. 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. xiv. 3.] 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Coiin- 
 thian helmet ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 M 
 
 -85 
 
 M 
 
 -8 
 
 M 
 
 •75 
 
 M 
 
 •85 
 
 Au 
 
 -75 
 
 Nike facing, M-ith open wings, holding 
 sword in raised r. ; she wears long- 
 chiton, and kneels with I. knee on the 
 back of a prostrate bull r., which she is 
 about to saci-itice ; border of dots. 
 
 ZY P AKO ZIHN 
 
 ZYPA K O Zl UN 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. xiv. 4.] 
 
 Head of Sarapis r., wearing taenia, and 
 head-dress of horns, globe, and plumes ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAK O CinN Tsis ]., holding 
 sistrumand leaning upon si-eptre; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [Cf. Head, Pl. xiv. 5.] 
 
 Isis wears globe and horns. 
 
SYRACUSE 
 
 253 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 338 
 
 86-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of Isis r., with long hair, wreathed 
 with com and surmounted by head- 
 dress of hoi-ns, globe, and plumes; 
 border of dots. 
 
 2;YPA KOZIHN Head-dress of Isis, 
 consisting of horns surmounted by globe 
 and plumes ; behind which, two ears of 
 barley placed crosswise ; plain border. 
 
 339 
 
 97-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 [Cf. Head, 
 
 Head of Persephone r., wearing wreath of 
 of corn ; haii* rolled. 
 
 Pl. xiv. 7.] 
 
 Demeter 1., veiled, and wearing long 
 chiton and peplos, holding torch and 
 sceptre. 
 
 340 
 
 109- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 [XYP]AK O ZI^N 
 
 341 
 
 115- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 ZYPAK [ZliiN] 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. xiv. 6.] 
 
 342 
 
 52-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., wearing earring 
 and wreath of corn ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPA 
 
 |- -.. within wreath of barley ; plain 
 
 -^,.1 border. 
 
 343 
 
 46- 
 
 M -65 
 
 behind, coi'nucopiae. 
 
 
 344 
 
 44- 
 
 M -6 
 
 type r. ; behind, crescent with horns 
 upwards. 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 345 
 
 40- 
 
 M -6 
 
 type r. ; no symbol ; no border visible. 
 
 [Head, Pi 
 
 ,. XIV. 9.] 
 
 346 
 
 53- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur., of archaistic 
 style ; border of dots. 
 
 lYP AKO Long torch; border of 
 Zl nN dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xviii. 14.] 
 
 347 
 
 84- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Bust of Helios, radiate r. ; chlaniys about 
 neck ; over shoulder, strung bow and 
 quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKO ZIHN Naked male figure 
 of Egyptian style, advancing r., holding 
 wreath and bi'anch ? ; i)lain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pl. xiv. 11.] 
 
 348 
 
 52-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of Janus, bearded, and wearing 
 wreath ; box-der of dots. 
 
 ZYPAKO ZinN Quiver-shaped object, 
 ^\itll a circulai" radiate top and two 
 fillets suspended fi-om rings on each 
 side ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Head, Pt,. xiv. 13.] 
 
 349 
 
 31- 
 
 1 
 
 M 05 
 
 Head of Asklepios r., laur.; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plaie X 
 
 ZYPAKO ZIQN Staff, round which 
 serpent twines ; border of dots. 
 
 viu. 15.] 
 
251. 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 TAUROMENIUM 
 
 Circa 358—275 B.C. 
 
 Timronirnltnn, originally (( Sikel po.s/, u-as Ilelleitized in 358 B.C., (rZio; the remnant 
 
 of the Naxians, whose city had been destroyed half a century earlier, loere settled there 
 
 hy Andromaclios. It was here that Timoleon landed. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo Arcliegetes ]., lanr. ; in 
 iVuiit. APXATETAZ; liordei- of dots. 
 
 TAYPOM E[NITAN] Man-headed 
 bull walking 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 J 
 
 243-5 
 
 a: 1- 
 
 [Plate x 
 Siniiliii' ; legend obscure. 
 
 VIII. 16.] 
 
 TAYPOMENITAN ]5nll butting 1. ; 
 plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 70-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 (no border visible.) 
 
 in ex., H5 ; (inscr. partly off coin). 
 
 3 
 
 7G-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 in ex., N 
 
 4 
 
 123-5 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., lanr. ; in front, 
 APXAfETAS ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar ; legend obscure. 
 
 TAYPOM ENITAN Lyre; border 
 of dots. 
 
 TAYPOM ENITAN T.ipod - lebes 
 with neck and three handles. 
 
 5 
 
 80- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 plain border ? 
 
 G 
 
 69-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace, 
 and Stephanos ; border of dots. 
 
 no boi-der. 
 
 Bunch of grapes with two leaves ; plain 
 boi'der. 
 
 7* 
 
 70-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 in front, traces of legend ((X1ASA§)- 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xviii. 17.] 
 
 
 
 
 * The at-tril)utiiiii of tliis ooiii 
 
 '0 Tnuroinoiiinin is not eertaiu. 
 
TAUROMENIUM 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 1(1 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 U 
 
 15 
 
 16-3 
 
 13-2 
 
 !»7- 
 
 18'J- 
 99-5 
 
 84 • 
 101-5 
 
 N -4 
 
 Al -35 
 
 ^ -S 
 
 M -9 
 M -9 
 
 .'E -85 
 JE -So 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Circa 275—210 B.C. or lafcr. * 
 
 Tnnrornenriim formed part of tlie Iciiu/dom of Hicrou II. of Si/rarnse. As it is vnlilcli/ 
 that he (tUoirrd it to coin in the precious metals, Nos. 8 and 9 vere prohahUj struck 
 after his death in 21(3 B.C. "j" Tauromenium icas loi/al to Home, and, was made a ^civitus 
 foederata' at the settlement o/210 B.C.; but it issued little or no money afterwards. 
 
 Gold 
 Piece of Fifteen Litrae 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 behind, sei])eiit round ornj)lialos. 
 
 TAYPOM[E] Tiipod-lebes, with neck 
 NITAN and three handles; 
 
 ])lain border. 
 
 in field r., EY ? 
 
 [Plate xviii. 18.] 
 
 Bull's heail facing ; border of dots. 
 
 SnA'EB 
 
 L i t r a 
 
 TAY • P O M Bunch of grapes. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., bound svith TAYPOM EN [ITAN] Bull butting r. 
 taenia : border of dots. 
 
 behind, ^ 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., hiur. ; l)ehind, bee; 
 border of (k)ts. 
 
 boi'der not visible. 
 
 TAYPOM EN ITAN Head of young 
 Dionysos 1., wearing wreath of ivy ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 TAYPO M EN ITAN Tripod - lebes, 
 Avitli neck and three handles ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Head of Pallas 1., wearing necklace and 
 crested Corinthian helmet. 
 
 APOA AilNOZ Tripod-lebes, with 
 neck and tln-ee handles; plain border. 
 
 TAYPoMEN I TAN 
 
 gallojiing ; plain bordei'. 
 
 Pegasos I. 
 
 * The Eev. of No. 23, for instance, is of so decidedly late a style th.ifc it is difficult to believe 
 that it is so early as 210 B.C. 
 
 t See, however. Ad. Holm, (.Icschirhtc SiciUctis. iii., 702. 
 
256 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 16 
 
 155- 
 
 17 
 
 82- 
 
 18 
 
 105- 
 
 19 
 
 88- 
 
 20 
 
 85-5 
 
 21 
 
 49-5 
 
 22 
 
 CA- 
 
 23 
 
 77-5 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 A^. 1 
 
 M -8- 
 
 M -8 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 M -G 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar type ; behind, owl 1. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 TAYPoAAENI TAN Pegasos 1., 
 prancing ; plain border. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, neck- TAYPOM€NITAN Pegasos r., pran- 
 lace, and crested Corinthian helmet ; cing ; plain border, 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 behind, K 
 
 [Plate xviii. 19.] 
 
 Head of Apollo I., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 Bull butting r. ; plain border. 
 
 TAYPo 
 A\ENITA . 
 
 (No. 18 is restruck on a coiu of Hioron, similar to Syracuse, Nos. 21^ t'.) 
 
 behind, traces of symbol. 
 
 behind, bee. 
 
 Dionysiac head r., wearing wreath of 
 ivy ; plain border. 
 
 in front, uncertain symbol or nionogr. 
 (Y visible). 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet and necklace. 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r. ; crowned with 
 ivy. 
 
 TAYPO 
 
 MENITA[N] 
 
 TAYPO 
 . . ITA 
 
 TAYPOM Bull standing r. ; border 
 [EJNITAN of dots. 
 
 TAYPO ME 
 
 NITAN 
 
 Owl standing r., on 
 amphora r. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 (amphora, almost off coin.) 
 
 TA YPO Dionysos 1., clad in short 
 N'EN[ITAN] chiton; holding in r., 
 
 patera, in 1., tliyrsos ; at his feet, 
 panther 1. ; border of dots. 
 
TAUROMENIUM— ROMANS IN SICILY 
 
 257 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 SICULO- PUNIC* 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth Ccidurij B.C. 
 
 1 
 
 78-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of Persephone 1., weai'ing- ean-ing 
 and wreath of corn ; phiiii bordei'. 
 
 Free horse, pi'ancing- r. ; plain border. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xvjii. 20.] 
 
 2 
 
 76 5 
 
 JE -65 
 
 f 
 [Plate xvui. 21.] 
 
 3 
 
 75-5 
 
 A% -65 
 
 head slightly different in style. 
 
 
 4 
 
 S4- 
 
 M -05 
 
 head again vaiied. 
 
 (border doubtful.) 
 
 5 
 
 lul- 
 
 .E -7 
 
 head much lai'ger; (no border visible). 
 
 (no border.) 
 
 <; 
 
 «j<s- 
 
 .E -65 
 
 style rude. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ROMANS IN SICILY 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Secuiul Ccntiivij n.c. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. ; hair falls in 
 long curls behind ; border of dots. 
 
 Stalk of corn, on which are leaves and two 
 ears ; between ears, Q ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 58-5 
 
 .E -05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 After 210 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Probably sti-uck at Panormus 
 
 
 
 
 Asses 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Janus, laur. ; above, 1 ?; in field 1., 
 t^; in field r., X ; all within wreath of 
 laurel. 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; in front, Al ; all within wreath 
 of laurel. 
 
 -) 
 
 122- 
 
 .E -75 
 
 [Plate 
 
 * Other Siculo-Punic coins liave been describ 
 Solus (No. 1), and Syracuse (Nos. 44 and 56), 
 found under Carthage in Vol. III. For interi 
 coinage see A. J. Evans, Stjracusan " Medallk 
 has recently grouped the various classes toget 
 with an oxcclhint ilhistrativo iilutc (No. viii.). 
 
 XIX. 1.] 
 
 cd under Motya (No. 3), Panormus (Nos. 1 — 11), 
 while specimens of the "Camp" issues will be 
 jsting discussions on the date and types of this 
 lis," etc., xMssim (e.y. pp. 268 ff.). Ad. Holm 
 her iu his QescMchte Siciliens, iii., pp. 63a ff., 
 
 L L 
 
258 
 
 SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 us- 
 
 es- 
 
 59- 
 
 78- 
 
 112- 
 
 IE -85 
 
 M -75 
 
 M 
 
 M -75 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 Head of Janus, laur. ; above, I ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Similar tyjie ; above, | ; aix)und, 
 O n n I ; all within wreath of 
 laui'el. 
 
 /X^ within a wreath of laui'el ; bordei' of 
 dots. 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur.; hair long; border 
 of dots. 
 
 The fvllowliuj arc loithout ntarlcs of rahu 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., bare ; club 
 at shoulder ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of young Herakles 1., wearing lion's 
 skin ; all within wreath of laurel. 
 
 [Pr,ATE XIX. 2.] 
 (No. 5 is restruck.) 
 
 Triquetra of legs, at the centre of 
 which, Gorgon's bead ; I'onnd about, 
 SEPT[EI]BA/B IIVJR 
 
 L • SEIO [PROC]OS 
 D D 
 
 border of 
 dots. 
 
 Ciira 40 B.C. 
 Sti'uck by Sextus Pompeius.* 
 Young male head r. ; border of dots. 
 
 HIS [PANO] RVM Horseman, wear- 
 ing crested helmet, and holding couched 
 spear, galloping r. ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, uncertain letters ( ANA ?) 
 
 [Plate xix. 3.] 
 
 * See Heiss, Monnaies Antiques de I'Espagne, pp. 441 f. These coins are found not 
 in Spain, but in Sicily. Cf. Ad. Holm, Geschichte Siciliens, iii., pp. 463 f. 
 
ROMANS IN SICILY— UNCERTAIN 
 
 259 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 UNCERTAIN OF SICILY 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 345 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 SlIA'ER 
 
 
 
 
 Litra 
 
 
 
 
 Free liorse, prancing r. 
 
 K within wreath of olive r. 
 
 1 
 
 11-8 
 
 M -4 
 
 iB.M.C, p 
 
 . 237 (1).] 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 y^ Bull butting 1.; plain boixier. 
 
 Star of sixteen rays ; plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 462-5 
 
 7E 1-2 
 
 iB.M.C, I 
 
 ). 237 (2).] 
 
 3 
 
 32-5 
 
 M -5 
 
 Campanian helmet r., with cheek- pieces 
 and neck-piece ; plain border. 
 
 |<^ within wreath of olive r. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 It is suggested in the B.M.C. (Sicily, p. 237) that the above ooins may have been struek by the 
 Campanians in Sicily, tJie niDnograni being interpreted as= KAM. 
 
 4 
 
 241-5 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing Corinthian 
 helmet with neck-piece ; lioi'der of dots. 
 
 A\ Horse prancing r., bi-idle-rein loose. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xi\. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 The style and types of this coin show that it formed part of the mintage that followed 
 the successful expedition of Timoleon. Cf. M of Entella, Alaesa, etc. Mr. Head, who saw a 
 cast of the coin, was inclined to think it may have been struck at Mytistratus. Since receiving 
 his suggestion I have detected what may be traces of V on the extreme left of the coin, beyond 
 the bridle-rein. 
 
 
 
 
 SecoHil Centiiri/ v.a\, or earlier. 
 
 
 
 
 B BONZE 
 
 5 
 
 50-5 
 [-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 Female head r. ; hair rolled, and gathered 
 in knot behind. 
 
 Ram standing r. ; in fi'ont, barleycorn 
 upright. 
 
 L I, 2 
 
260 
 
 ISLANDS OF SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Islands of Sicily 
 
 
 
 
 
 LIPARA 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 350—300 B.c: 
 
 
 
 
 
 Durtnij this period Lipava inas independent. Soon aflerwards it fell inln the 
 
 of the Carthaginians. 
 
 hands 
 
 
 
 
 Litrae 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hepliaistos, as naked youtli, seated r. on 
 four-legged stool ; he has bammer in 
 r. hand which is lowered ; and holds 1. 
 extended, grasping kantharos by stalk. 
 
 Ain APAIOA/ Dolphin r.; 
 waves. 
 
 beneath. 
 
 1 
 
 202- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type; but 1. grasps kantharos by 
 its handle. 
 
 AIPA PAI OA/ Dolphnir 
 
 of dots. 
 
 ; border 
 
 2 
 
 84- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ? ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AIPAPAI IIN D..lphin 1.; 
 ^va^'es ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, 
 
 3 
 
 105- 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hemilitr on 
 
 
 4 
 
 no 
 
 yE -85 
 
 Similar type ; but kantharos rests on 
 extended 1. 
 
 AlP APAIOA^ around .-J. 
 
 of dots. 
 
 ; border 
 
LIPARA 
 
 261 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 143- 
 113- 
 
 815- 
 697- 
 
 608- 
 
 10 
 
 314- 
 
 11 
 12 
 
 228- 
 205- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 JE -8 
 M -95 
 
 /E 1-5 
 
 A^ 1-4 
 
 /E 1-5 
 
 JE 1-3 
 
 yE 1-1 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Kevekse 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 The date is fixed hij the bronze mourn of AcjafhoMes of Syracuse, and of the Mamertini, 
 which nhoidd he compared nnth this. 
 
 Head of young Arcs 1., laur. ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 A I PA Ornamented trident r. ; plain 
 PAinN border. 
 
 Circa 251—217 B.C. 
 
 TJie islands icere compirred hij Itomc circa 251 B.C. The foil oiriug coins arc of Tricntal 
 vci(jht, and therefore prior to the Uncial llednctiou. 
 
 Semisses 
 
 Head of bearded Hepbaistog r., wearing 
 piles, at tlie top of wliicb is a loop ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Stern of galley ; above, • • • ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 MOIAS A niA galley moving 1. 
 
 Similar ; no loop visible. 
 
 A I r A P A\OA/ galley moving r. 
 
 [Plate xix. 7.*] 
 
 I AIPAPAI .A/ galley moving r. 
 
 Quadrans 
 
 AIPAPAIOA/ around ,*, ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Sextantes 
 
 • between wliicli, inscr. ; border of dots. 
 
 niA 
 
 AlP 
 
 * Plate xix. 8 will be found describecl under Lilybaeum (p. 195). For the magistrate see 
 Borghesi, Oeuvres, ii. 208. On the Hunter specimen the first l_ and the I of L_ll_ V arc united, 
 while the horizontal stroke of the second |_ is abnormally short. 1 was, therefore, at first 
 disposed to look at this part of the inscr. from the same side as at the type, and to read it AIPI- 
 Hence its position on the Plate. The kindness of Dr. Imhoot-Blumer has put at my disposal 
 two casts, comparison with which makes it certain that LI L V must be the true reading. One 
 of these is of a similar coin in his own collection, unfortunately much oxydised. The other is of a 
 piece in Florence. Though the latter is not in the best of condition, I— iL V D can be fairly well 
 made out, D being perfectly distinct. There is no trace of a fifth letter on the Hunter specimen. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
262 
 
 ISLANDS OF SICILY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 141- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 SARDINIA 
 
 Sardinin, which had formerly been under the dominion of Carthage, was subjugated 
 by the Bomans in the infercal bettoeen the First and Second Punic Wars. 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 A\ ■ ATIVS BALBVS • PR Young 
 
 male head 1. 
 
 SARD • P ATER Bearded head r., 
 spear at slioulder ; wears head-dress 
 resembling a crown with long spikes. 
 
 I 
 
MACEDON, THRACE, 
 
 AND THE EUROPEAN COASTS OF THE EUXINE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rever.se 
 
 
 
 
 The Pangaean Djsteict 
 
 
 
 
 The principal Irtidc of this district wds in the precious riicldJs, <iiid coiniuje here 
 hcijins vorij earlij. It follows the standard of the early silcer of Li/dia, which 
 was probably iiuitated as soon as it found its way across the Aeijean. Compare 
 
 the coins of Tlinsos. 
 
 
 
 
 ORRESCTI 
 
 
 
 
 This prople arc known only from their coins. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 480 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Babyloiiic Standurd 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 Beai'ded centaur i-., carrying in his arms 
 nymph clad in long chiton ; the hair of 
 both figures long and indicated by dots. 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 1 
 
 149- 
 
 .11 So 
 
 [ J 5^ ; line of ex., double. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Platk xix. O.J 
 
 2 
 
 138-1 
 
 .R -8 
 
 [ J H^^; ex., off coin. | 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 2, wliicli is pierced, is 
 
 of earlier style ami fai)ric.) 
 
204- 
 
 THE PxVNGAP]AN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 NEAPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 SlLVKB 
 
 
 
 
 Babylonic .Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 500—411 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Neapolis icaa prohahli) orujiiudhj a Thasian settlement. Suhscqiienth/ it formed part of 
 the Athenian Evi;pire. The type of the Obv. icas perhaps derived front Euhoea. 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 1 
 
 150-3 
 
 /R 8- 
 
 Gorgon's head. 
 
 Quadripai'tite incuse squai-e. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 10.] 
 
 2* 
 
 
 .Rpl.-75 
 
 1 
 
 [Plate xix. 11.] 
 
 Phoeuiciaii Standard 
 Circa 411 — 350 B.C. 
 
 The chaiujc of fitaiidard here tiuis doubtless c onteni p or a neo as with the chaiujc at the 
 
 nciijhbouriug Thnsos (q.v.). 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 3 
 
 29-5 
 
 .R •(; 
 
 Gorgou'a Lead. 
 
 N E Head of Aphrodite r. ; hair 
 P O fastened with coi-d, and turned 
 up behind ; all within incuse of im- 
 perfectly defined shape. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 12.] 
 
 ■4 
 
 27-2 
 
 Al -55 
 
 
 style finer. 
 
 5 
 
 28-7 
 
 .R -55 
 
 
 style finer ; Aphrodite wears necklace. 
 
 6 
 
 26- 
 
 Al -5 
 
 Similar. 
 
 NEO . Similar. 
 
 7 
 
 26-3 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 13.] 
 
 
 ! 
 
 
 * Tliis coin wciglis 124'4 grains. Tlioiigli t 
 specilic griivily is only H-92, very uuarly tliat of 
 
 1 
 
 licrc is no outward appearance of plating, its 
 lure copper. 
 
NEAPOLIS — EION 
 
 265 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 14'8 
 
 13-1 
 
 11-3 
 
 ETON 
 
 Silver 
 
 Babylonic Standard 
 
 Circa 500—437 B.C. 
 
 The attrihnfion of the follotoing roiiis to Eion is not certain, hnt rests on the eridence of 
 finds. The city lost its importance when Amjphipolis was founded. 
 
 Trihemiobols 
 
 Shallow incuse square quartered. 
 
 Goose r., Lead turned back; above, lizard 
 1. ; bolder of dots. 
 
 /R -5 
 
 M '55 
 
 M -5 
 
 (No. 1 is pierced.) 
 [Plate xix. 14.] 
 
 in front, H 
 
 beneatli, H 
 
 M M 
 
iUG 
 
 EMATHIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Emathian DrsTRICT 
 
 
 
 
 
 ♦ LETE* 
 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 Thovgh hardhj Icnoicn to history, Lete coined abundantly, donhtless owing to its 
 
 comiuaud of silver mines. All its money appears to he earlier than 480 B.C., 
 
 when the district fell into the hands of Alexander I. of Maccdon. 
 
 Circa 500 B.C. 
 
 Babylonic Standard 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 J 
 
 145-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Bearded centaur running r., with head 
 turned back ; r. arm stretched backwards ; 
 ill ]. hand, round object; hair long and 
 indicated by dots. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square ; surface 
 incuses, slightly granulated. 
 
 XIX. 15. J 
 
 of 
 
 
 
 
 _ _ _ |l3i Bearded centaur running 
 r., cai'rying off nymph clad in long 
 chiton ; the hair of both figures long 
 and indicated by dots ; ex. marked oft' 
 by jDlain line above dotted. 
 
 Shallow incuse square, within which, 
 crested helmet r. 
 
 2 
 
 147-9 
 
 iR -75 
 
 inscr. doubtful, excejit 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xis. 1G.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Trihemiobols 
 
 
 3 
 
 18-9 
 
 .11-45 
 
 Satyr, having tail and feet of a horse, 
 kneeling r. on r. knee, naked, veretrum 
 tenens ; r. hand stretched out behind. 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 
 4 
 
 15-4 
 
 M -45 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 80 (29).] 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 4 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 * The attribution of No. 1 to Lete is very doubtful. It rests mainly on weight and .sty 
 
 lo. 
 
 
 
 
 Cf. Imhoof-BluiJier, .¥07191. rjrecq., p. 82. In Be 
 reading V\OIAT3A. See Berlin (•atal.,u., 
 
 rlin and Paris thero are coins similar to No. 
 p. 91. 
 
 2, 
 
LETE— AEGAE 
 
 267 
 
 No. I Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 144-6 
 
 M -85 
 
 AEGAE 
 
 Silver 
 Babyloiiic Standard 
 
 Circa 500—480 B.C. 
 
 Aegae tvas the capital of Alexander I. of Macedon. On the extension of his kingdom 
 
 in 480 B.C. he altered his monetary system. (See p. 283.) Aegae coined again in 
 
 Imperial times, under the name of Edessa (q.v.). 
 
 Stater 
 
 Goat, kneeling 1. on one knee, and I Quadripartite shallow incuse square, 
 looking back ; above, floral ornament ; 
 ex. marked off by dotted line upon 
 plain ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xix. 17.] 
 
 M M 
 
268 
 
 BISALTIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weigut 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 BisALTiAN District 
 
 
 
 
 BISALTAE 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 500—480 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The coins of this people are prior to their absorption into the l-ingdom 
 
 
 
 
 of Alensander I. (q. v.). The Phoenician standard ivas prohahhj 
 
 
 
 
 derived from Ahdcra (q.v.). 
 
 
 
 
 c t a d r a c li m s 
 
 
 
 
 ViO Ml TA A §ia Naked wan-ior, 
 
 Quadripartite shallow incuse square. 
 
 
 
 
 wearing- kausia, and holding two spears, 
 
 
 
 
 
 standing r. ou the farther side of a 
 
 
 
 
 
 bridled horse r. ; two exergual lines, 
 
 
 
 
 
 lower of which dotted ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 
 1 
 
 443-8 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 in front, bird flying r. 
 
 CI5A r X 1 K Similar type, with 
 single ex, line ; same border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 2 
 
 440-2 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 in front, bearded human head r. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 SIX. 18.] 
 
 * 
 
EISA LTAE— DEMETRIUS 
 
 269 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 DYNASTS 
 
 
 
 
 MOSSES 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 5(0—480 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Nothiiitj i» liiniwn of MoHKCs, wlio icux pcrlutpii Kiitij of the Bisaltac. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Warrior, weaving kansia and sliort chlamys, 
 
 A\ O § $ E fi written round an 
 
 
 
 
 carrying two spears, walking r. on the 
 
 incuse stjuare. in tlie centre of which 
 
 1 
 
 58-0 
 
 M -65 
 
 farther side of a horse r. 
 
 is a raised quadripartite square. 
 
 2 
 
 59- 
 
 -R -65 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 143 (3).] 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 DEMETRIUS 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 450 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 NothiiKj is kiunrn of this dijuatil. His date in fued hi) the slijle of the coin. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 AHMH TPIO Free horse, Avalking r. 
 
 Young male head r., wearing taenia, in 
 
 1 
 
 67- 
 
 .R 'Go 
 
 (A picrci 
 
 incuse square. 
 id coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xix. 19.] 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
270 
 
 CHALCTDTCE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 
 
 
 Chalcidice 
 
 
 
 
 
 This district was luidnly colonized from Eahoea, and its towns therefore 
 silrer on the Enhoic-Attic standnrd. 
 
 strncJi their 
 
 
 
 
 APOLLONIA 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 
 1 
 
 121- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Young male head r., wearing wreath of 
 ivy ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AflOA Amphora. 
 AnNOZ 
 
 
 2 
 
 lul-,-) 
 
 JE -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ACANTHUS 
 
 
 
 
 
 SiLVtiR 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 500—424 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Acanthus, a colony from Andros, followed the standard of the nciyhhouring Euhocan 
 
 settlements. 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrad rachm 
 
 
 1 
 
 2G5- 
 
 Al 1-1 
 
 Lion r. on back of bull 1., seizing it with 
 teeth and claws ; bull's head raised and 
 turned back; above, 0; in ex., floral 
 ornament; line of ex., dotted between 
 two plain Hues ; border of dots. 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 31 (3).] 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetrobol 
 
 
 
 
 
 Forej^art of lion gnawing prey r. ; above, 
 floral ornament; line of ex., dotted; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Quadriijartite incuse square. 
 
 
 2 
 
 .■!5-3 
 
 • R -6 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XIX. 20.] 
 
 
APOLLONIA— ACANTHUS 
 
 271 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 D i b 1 
 
 
 
 
 Archaic head of Pallas r., wearing neck- Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 
 
 
 lace, circular earring, and crested Athe- 
 
 3 
 
 18-4 
 
 M 45 
 
 nian helmet. 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 33 (15,).] 
 (No. 3 is pierced.) 
 
 Circa 424 — 400 B.C., or later. 
 
 In 424 B.C., as a result of the expedition of Brasidas, most of the Chalcidian cities 
 recoiled from Alheit». The standard and style of the coins then changed. 
 
 Phoenician Standard 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 
 
 
 Lion r., leaping upon bull 1., and seizing 
 him with teeth and claws ; in ex., 
 
 A K A N O 1 O N around the border 
 of an incuse square, within which 
 
 
 
 
 traces of letters ; border of dots. 
 
 a quadripartite linear square, each 
 
 4 
 
 213-.5 
 
 .R 11 
 
 
 quarter containing a raised granulated 
 surface. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 34 (25).] 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 4 is pierced.) 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 Te trobol 
 
 
 
 
 Forepart of bull kneeling 1. on one knee, 
 aiid looking back ; border of dots. 
 
 Shallow quadripartite incuse square, 
 slightly granulated. 
 
 5 
 
 29-5 
 
 .R -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. BJI.C, p. 35 (31).] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 
 A K Wheel ; within the four quarters of 
 
 
 
 
 Athenian helmet. 
 
 N A which, letters of in.scr. 
 
 G 
 
 39- 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 
272 
 
 CHALCIDICE 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 68- 
 
 M 
 
 ■6: 
 
 58- 
 
 M 
 
 •6 
 
 73-.-. 
 
 M 
 
 •6 
 
 131-5 
 
 66- 
 
 JE -S 
 
 M '6 
 
 OLYNTHUS 
 
 CIrra ;']92— 379 B.C., ami lafrr. 
 
 In 392 B.C. Ohjntlins became the head of a formulahle lea<juc of Chalcidian toirnft. 
 
 Its poiDer was hrolcev by tlie Spartans thirteen years later. During this period it 
 
 strvrlc vionei/ in the name of the League. In earlier times it had done so 
 
 in its oini name. 
 
 Head of Ajwllo r., laur. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 X A A KIA EHN Lyre. 
 
 APHYTIS 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Aphytis had strvrlc monrij in bronze before its conquest by Philip (3.58 B.C.). 
 
 The folloiring coin was issned after the reopening of its wint on the overthrow 
 
 (if the Macedonian Icingdoni (168 B.C.).* 
 
 Head of Zous Aiiimou v., witli ram's A<I>Y TAI Kagle, with wings closed, r. 
 horn. 
 
 «CTONE 
 
 The foUdiriiiij coin is j,roh(ddy snlserpient to the time (circa 421 B.C.) irhrn the 
 inhabitants irere put to death by the Athenians, and their foirn h<i)ided orer 
 
 to the Plntaeans. 
 
 BUdNZK 
 
 Head of Apliroditi! r., wearing .splumdune. ZK III 'I'wo doves meeting ; between 
 
 tliem, a plant. 
 
 traces of ornament, in ox. 
 [Pl.ATR xtx. 21,] 
 
 * Dr. Von S.illot, hovv'over, assiy'iioil the.so i)ioco9 to the foiirtb century B.C. Sec Berlin 
 Catal., ii., p. 64. 
 
OLYNTHUS — CASSANDRBA 
 
 273 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -9 
 
 CASSANDREA 
 
 This toivn was fonudcd by Cassander on the site of Fotidaea. It was made a. Roiiuin 
 
 colony by Augustus. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Claudius 
 
 TICLACAESA RAVGGERM - _ 
 
 Head of Claudius r., laur. 
 
 COLIVLAVGCA S9ANDRE _ - 
 
 Head of Zeus Amnion r., with ram's 
 liorn. 
 
 countermarked ^G 
 
 ___AESA RAVGGERMPMTRP ; Similar. 
 Similai' head, bare. 
 
 [TI]CLACAESA --GERMPMPP 
 
 Similar head 1., laur. 
 
 same countermark. 
 
 COLIVLAVG [CAjSJANDR 
 
 Head of Zeus Amnion r., with ram's horn. 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -95 
 
 Nero 
 
 neroclavdivscae<;aravg 
 
 GERRMTRPPM Head of Nero 1., 
 radiate. 
 
 NEROrCLAVDIVSCA]ESARAVG 
 GERRMTRPPM Head of Ne. 1., 
 radiate. 
 
 same die as no. 4? 
 
 OLIVLA-- CVANDREN Head 
 
 of Zeus Amnion 1., with ram's horn. 
 
 COLIVLAVG [CA]99ANDREN 
 
 Similar head. 
 
 IMPCAESVESPASIAAVG 
 
 of Vespasian r., laur, 
 
 Vespasian 
 Bust 
 
 CpLIVLAVGCASSANDRENS 
 
 Similar head. 
 
 X N 
 
274 
 
 CHALCIDICE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 49- 
 
 M -95 
 
 M -8 
 
 JE -7.5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Titus and Domitian 
 
 _ _ _ DOMITIAN Heads 
 
 of Titus and Doniitiaii, facing one 
 another, both laur. 
 
 COLI . . AVG CASSANDRENS 
 
 Similar heael. 
 
 [Pl;ATE XIX. 22 ] 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 MAVRAN [TONJINVS Head of COLIVLIAV GCAS Similar head r. 
 Caracalla r., laur. 
 
 Caracalla or Blagrabalus 
 
 NTONINVS A/ Bust of 
 
 Empei-or i-., laur., wearing cuii'ass and 
 paludameutum. 
 
 COLIVL . V 
 
 Similar head r. 
 
 CASSAN - 
 
 BOTTICE 
 
 Circa 392—379 B.C., or later. 
 
 The ihifc of this coin is fixed hij ifs resemhlance to those of the Clialcidtan League. 
 
 See Oi.YNTHUs, Nos. 1 — 3. 
 
 Bronze 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; border of dots. I BOT T lAI flN Lyre. 
 
AMPHIPOLIS 
 
 275 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Stkymonian and Bottiaean Districts 
 
 
 
 
 AMPHIPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 42-1 — 358 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Am2)hipolifi ions colonized from Athens, in 437 B.C. ; hut its coinacje, as is clear 
 
 
 
 
 from the standard follon-ed, did not hei/in till the revolt of 424 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The city was cajilured by I'hilijj in 357 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Obol 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo ? r., weaving taenia ; 
 
 A AA Fish downwards r., within linear 
 
 
 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 1 <|> square enclosed in incuse 
 
 1 
 
 6-7 
 
 .11 -35 
 
 
 square. 
 
 
 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 45 (10).] 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. 
 
 A A\ Racing torch, flaming 1. ; the 
 <|> 1 whole in lineai' square. 
 
 2 
 
 96- 
 
 M -GS 
 
 behind, bow ? 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Head of Apollo? 1., wearing taenia; 
 hair long. 
 
 XX. 1.] 
 A AA Racing torch. 
 
 1 <!> 
 
 3 
 
 23- 
 
 M -4 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 23-5 
 
 M -45 
 
 type r. 
 
 A A\ torch flaming 1. 
 * 1 
 
 
 
 
 From 357 to 168 b.c. Amphipolis teas one of the chief mints of the Macedonian 
 Icint/s* Wlien Macedon was reorganised by the Romans after Pydna, it became 
 
 
 
 
 the capltcd of the first of the four confederacies. For money strnclc then, see p. 354. 
 
 Cf. also pp. 350 f. 
 
 
 
 
 * For coins attributcil by Miillcr to this 
 Alex.\.vdek the Gkeat, 6, 11— 1;3, 38—50, etc. 
 
 i epoch, see PliiiU' 11., 2— -1, 35, 114, etc. ; 
 
 N X 2 
 
276 
 
 STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIAEAN DISTRICTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 146 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 On the dissolution of the four confederacies in 146 li.c. [or possihhj earlier), 
 Amjjlti^JoJis, like other towns, began to stril-e in its own name. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., Avearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 AMfMPO Lion standing r. ; beneath, 
 A 1 TflN ear of corn. 
 
 5 
 
 154-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 [Plate 
 
 Head of Roma (or Perseus ?) r., weai-ing 
 winged helmet, the top euding in the 
 head of a griffin. 
 
 second half of iuscr., in ex. 
 XX. 2.] 
 
 AM<l>in[0] within a wreath of oak- 
 AITUN leaves. 
 
 (5 
 
 102-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AM<|)inO Club Y. ; above and beneath, 
 AITnN monograms ; the whole 
 within a wreath of oak- 
 leaves. 
 
 7 
 
 118- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 ^P and IyE, ; traces of second mono- 
 gram above. 
 
 8 
 
 12S- 
 
 /E -75 
 
 
 trJZ- and W\L ; traces of second monogr. 
 (AP) "'Ijove ; outside wreath on 1., 
 thundei-bolt. 
 
 9 
 
 109- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Artemis Tauropolos 1., wearing 
 stepliane ; at her shoulder, bow ami 
 quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 AM<l>inO Bull butting r. 
 AITI2N 
 
 second half of inscr., in ex. 
 
 10 
 
 128- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AM<I> in[0] Two goats contend- 
 
 A ITU [N] ing, on their hind 
 
 legs, face to face. 
 
 11 
 
 103- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 . . <|> in[0] in field r., g; ; in field 
 Al TO. N 1 . uncertain monogr. 1 
 
AMPHIPOLIS 
 
 277 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 ! 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveuse 
 
 12 
 
 78- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wi-eatli of ivy and band across forehead ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AM<|)|[no] Goat standing r. ; border 
 AIXnN of dots. 
 
 AM<l)|n O Horse trotting r. 
 AITnN (in ex.) 
 
 lo 
 
 79- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 above, AP ; in field r., M 
 
 14 
 
 67- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in field r., ^ 
 
 15 
 
 75-5 
 
 iti] -65 
 
 Head of Apollo r., bound witli taenia ; 
 hail- in long, stiff curls ; border of dots. 
 
 ([A]M<l>n lO in field r., AP ; above, 
 AITIIN) traces of /S] 
 
 Ear of corn r., with leaves. 
 
 16 
 
 87- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 A M<l)mo 
 AITJQN 
 
 17 
 
 64- 
 
 M ■(\5 
 
 [B.M.C., 1 
 
 AM<l>ino 
 AITIiN 
 
 .. 49 (51).] 
 
 18 
 
 o0-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of Artemis r., wearing stephane ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AM0inO Same type. 
 AITUN 
 
 19 
 
 70- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 AM <Mno above, |^ ; beneath, A) 
 AITHN 
 
 20 
 
 1 
 
 85-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of Artemis lani'opolos r., wearing 
 stephane; at shoulder, bow and quiver. 
 
 A A\<1> 1 n Bull galloping r. 
 
 AixnN 
 
 
 
 
 Period uf the Scmuucial lleduciiun 
 
 
 
 
 Semis 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. 
 
 AM<l>inO Prow r, ; in field 1., M and 
 
 21 
 
 lol 
 
 A-] -Sn 
 
 
 AITGN S ; i» field r., ^ 
 
278 
 
 STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIABAN DISTRICTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Iiiqjerial Times 
 
 
 
 
 Without Head of Emperor 
 
 22 
 
 35-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Pallas v., wearing helmet adorned 
 with foreparts of hoi'ses; border of dots. 
 
 [A]M4>inO Bull feeding r. 
 [AITHN] 
 
 23 
 
 181- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Medusa, facing, winged, and 
 with serpent-hair ; border of dots. 
 
 AM4>ino Pallas Nikephoros standing 
 AEI XXIN 1. ; she supports shield with 
 1. ; behind rises spear. 
 
 24 
 
 245-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Bust of Artemis Tauropolos r. ; at her 
 shoulder, bow and quiver j border of 
 dots. 
 
 AM<|)inO AEITIIN Artemis Tauro- 
 polos, holding with each hand one end 
 of veil, riding on bull galloping r. ; 
 bordei' of dots. 
 
 25 
 
 59- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; behind, sceptre ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AM<l>inOAEITnN Eagle, with open 
 wings, standing r. on thunderbolt ; 
 head tui-ned back ; border of dots. 
 
 26 
 
 83- 
 
 M -7 
 
 AM<|)| TTOAIZ Female head (the 
 City), veiled and turreted r.; border 
 not visible. 
 
 A M * 1 TT O A € 1 Xn N Warrior, wear- 
 ing crested helmet, standing 1., resting 
 upon inverted spear ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 Augustus 
 
 27 
 
 
 M ■& 
 
 KAIZAPO Head of Augustus r., 
 [ZEJBAXTOV bare. 
 
 KAIZAPOZ Similar. 
 ZEBAZTOV 
 
 A/^ <l>inOAITf2N Artemis Tauro- 
 polos, holding with each hand one end 
 of veil, riding on bull galloping r. 
 
 AM<t>inOA€ITnN Similar. 
 
 28 
 
 
 jK -95 
 
 countermarked with incuse crescent, within 
 which incuse circle containing pellet 
 marked with wlieel-like ornament. 
 
 
AMPHIPOLIS 
 
 279 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 29 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 AM<l>inO Bast of Artemis Tauropolos 
 AEITnN r., wearing stephaue; at 
 her shoulder, bow and quiver. 
 
 KAIZAP The Emperor, his r. 
 ZEBAZT051 hand raised, 1. gi-asp- 
 ing parazonium, standing 1. on " sug- 
 gestum"; ha is being crowned from 
 behind by draped male figure. 
 
 30 
 
 
 JE I 
 
 inscr. illegible. 
 
 
 
 
 
 L i V i a 
 
 ;]i 
 
 
 JE -85 
 
 [lOVAIJAZEBA ZTH Head of 
 Livia r., veiled, wearing stephane. 
 
 AM<|)inOAITnN Artemis Tauro- 
 polos, holding with each hand one end 
 of veil, riding on bull galloping r. 
 
 
 
 
 Tiberius. 
 
 32 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 [TI]KAIZAPZEB AZTo[Z] Head 
 
 of Tiberius r., bare. 
 
 AM<l>inOAITnN Similar. 
 
 
 
 
 Domitian 
 
 33 
 
 
 IE -9 
 
 AVTOKPATHP AOMITIANO. 
 
 Head of Domitian r., laur. 
 
 AYTKAICAP AOMITIANOC 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A/^<l>in OAITUN Artemis Tauro- 
 polos standing 1., weai'ing modius, and 
 holding long torch in r. and branch 
 in 1. ; behind her, a shield. 
 
 AM<l>in OAITXIN Similar. 
 
 34 
 
 
 JE -75 
 
 inscr., partially off coin. 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 Trajan 
 
 35 
 
 
 JE -8 
 
 AVTOKPA TWPTPAIANOC 
 
 Statue of Emperor, standing 1., his r. 
 hand raised; in his 1., aquila. 
 
 AAA<t)inO Al T CJN Artemis 
 Tauropolos, holding with each hand one 
 end of veil, seated on bull galloping r. 
 
 36 
 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 KAICAP TPA lANOC Emperor 
 on horseback, with flying cloak, gallop- 
 ing r. over body of prostrate foe; his r. 
 hand raised ; in his 1., a spear. 
 
 AM<l>in OAEI[T](jJN Artemis 
 Tauro])olos, standing L, wearing nu)dius, 
 and holding long torch in r. and branch 
 in 1. ; behind her, a shield. 
 
280 
 
 STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIAEAN DISTRICTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 40 
 
 M -7 
 
 41 
 
 M -65 
 
 42 
 
 M -9 
 
 M. Aurelius 
 
 OVHPOC KAICAP Youthful head 
 of J\i. Aurelius v., bare. 
 
 OYHPOC KAICAP Older head of 
 M. Aurelius r., bare. 
 
 AM<l>inO AIT . . Artemis Tauro- 
 polos standing facing, head towards 1., 
 leaning with 1. on long torch, and 
 holding branch in r. 
 
 AM<I>I nOAGITO) . Similar; but 
 Artemis holds torch in r., branch in 1. 
 
 Faustina Junior 
 
 <t>AV CEBACTH 
 
 Faustina r., draped. 
 
 Bust of 
 
 AM<t>l nOAeiTHN Artemis Tauro- 
 polos seated on bull galloping r. ; she 
 holds in extended 1. bow, and with r. 
 draws an arrow from her quiver. 
 
 Commodus 
 
 /V\ MOANTON Head of Corn- 
 modus r., bearded and laur. 
 
 AAA4>I . . AeiTIlN Artemis Tauro- 
 polos standing 1., wearing modius ; she 
 holds long torch in r., and branch in 1. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xx. 3.] 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 AVTK ANTHNeiNOC Bust of 
 young Caracalla r., laur., beardless, 
 wearing cuii-ass and paludamentum. 
 
 AM<t>inO A€ITnN Female figure 
 (the City) seated 1., turreted ; she holds 
 patera in outstretched r., and leans with 
 1. on bow, lower end of which rests 
 on seat ; in the field 1., crescent with 
 horns r. 
 
 Plautilla 
 
 43 
 
 M -75 
 
 TTAA VT Bust of Plautilla r. 
 
 draped; border of dots. 
 
 [AM] <1>I nOA€ITn[N] Artemis 
 Tauropohis, holding with each hand one 
 end of veil, seated tn bull galloping r. 
 
AMPHIPOLIS- PHILIPPI 
 
 281 
 
 No. 
 
 Weioht 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 14- 
 l.v 
 
 6(1 
 
 60- 
 
 !)4-r) 
 
 90 -5 
 
 VOL. J. 
 
 M -6 
 
 JE -4 
 M -4 
 
 JE ■c>r, 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -7 
 M -6 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 TRAGILUS 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 45(1—400 c.c. 
 
 Head of Hermes r., wearing ])etasos, fiia- T P in the four quai'ters of tlie field 
 tened at bark of liead. | A nf the coin, tlie dividing lines 
 
 meeting' in a small rirrle in the centre. 
 
 Similai- type. 
 
 head 1. 
 
 T P in ihe four quarters of the field 
 I A no circle in the centre. 
 
 drcd 400—850 b.( 
 Head nf Hermes r., wearino" petasos. 
 
 PAIAI Rose. 
 T 
 N o 
 
 in field r.. crescent. 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 131 (11).] 
 
 ] in field r.. Inmcli of grapes. 
 
 PHILIPPI 
 
 Cirra 356 — 340 v..C. 
 
 The settlement made hi/ tlie Atheiilaits in 361 B.C. on the site cf Baton iros eaptnreiJ 
 
 aooit afierwarih bi/ rhitiji, irho renamed it. It retained its right of coinage for a fen- 
 
 jiears. Suhse(ii\euthj it hecaiiie an important mint of the Macedonian hinga. 
 
 Brokze 
 
 Head of jnuTig Herakles r., wearing lion's <l>| AimiM Tri]i<id-lebes, with three 
 skin. handles. 
 
 type 1. 
 
 in field 1.. racing torch ; last letter of 
 inscr.. off coin. 
 
 
 
282 
 
 STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIAEAN DISTRICTS 
 
 Nn. 
 
 WEKiITT 
 
 Mk.tai. 
 
 SiZK 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Tnijierldl Tliiirs 
 
 
 
 
 After th« battle o/ 42 B.C., Aii(iii^ttis made rh'dippi a ' cdlonia,' settliiti/ sotne of the 
 veterans of the ' eohors [iractoria ' there. Compare tijpe» of Nos. 'A and 4. 
 
 
 
 
 Augu.stus 
 
 
 
 
 VIC AVG Statue of Victory 1., on COHOR PRAE Throe military 
 pedestal; she hold.s wreath and palm. PHIL standards. 
 
 o 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 ; 
 
 4 
 
 
 JE 9 
 
 Claudius 
 
 
 
 
 TICLAVDII VSCAJESAR AVG- 
 PM TR PIMP Head of Claudius 1., 
 bare. 
 
 COLAVG IVL PHILIP Statues 
 of Augustus and Julius standing 1. on 
 
 cippus, inscribed A\/p Augustus, 
 
 wearing cuirass, i-aises his r., and 
 grasps parazoniuni Avith 1.; behind, 
 Julius, naked to waist, places a wreath 
 on the head of Augustus ; on either 
 side of the cippus, an altar. 
 
 5 
 
 
 ^ 11 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xx. 4. J 
 
 
 
 
 PYDNA 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Ctrea 389—379 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The folloiring coins were issued dnriiuj the period irheti Pi/dna vas in the hands 
 
 of the Ch(deidian Leai/ne. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of younof Herakles r.. wearing- lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle, with closed wings, r., tearing 
 serpent, which he holds in his claws. 
 
 1 
 
 41- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 . 
 
 PYAMAinM 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 (■>-2- 
 
 JE -55 
 
 [BJI.C, ]) 
 
 [PYJANAinN 
 
 . 101 (1).] 
 
KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 283 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Mktal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 Kings of Maoedon 
 
 ALEXANDER 1. 
 
 498 454. B.C. 
 
 SlfjVEU 
 
 Phoeiiiciau Standard 
 Circa 480—454 B.C. 
 
 The /(lUoirliiij coins arc siihsC((iicHf fo the couipicsl of the Bimdtac {after 48U 
 B.C.), whose mines added rjreatlij to the ii-eaUh of Alexander, and irhvse \ 
 money he henceforth imitated in standard and in ti/jic. 
 
 Octadrachms 
 
 I 
 
 4^7-8 
 
 Al 125 
 
 Warrior, wearing kausia and chlamys, 
 liolding two speariS. walking r. on tlie 
 farther side of a bridled horse r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEEA NAPO written round a 
 sJiallow incuse squaiv. within which a 
 raised quadiipartite linear square. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 15(J (2).] 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Horseman liareheaded, wearing chlamys, 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 
 
 advancing r., carrying two sjjears in 
 r. ; beneath horse, toad squatting ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 2 
 
 4U8- 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (A piece of this coin has been cut off.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x.\. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 ct obol 
 
 
 
 
 Type similar to No. 1. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ;^ 
 
 59- i 
 
 Jl -6 
 
 [B.M.C, p 
 
 i and /V ill inscr. 
 . 157 (4).] 
 
 2 
 
284 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 193-2 
 
 /U 11 
 
 VJ6:i 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Kevekse 
 
 PERDICCAS II.* 
 
 454 — 413 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 Tetrad rachms 
 
 Hur.seniaii advancing 1., wearing kausia Incuse .square containing goat's head r. ; 
 and chhimys, and carrying two spears ; beneath, traces of dotted line, 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type r. ; beneath, A; plain border. Incuse square, within which, liuear square 
 
 containing forei)art of goat r., kneeling 
 on r. kuee. 
 
 (^Xo. 2 itj pierced.) 
 
 [Cf. BMC, p. 159 (2).] 
 
 Tetrobols 
 
 37-4 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar type r. ; ijorder of dots. 
 
 37-5 
 
 Similar, but hoi'se prancing. 
 ^-R '65 beneath. Hower gi'owing. 
 
 Incuse square, within which, forepart of 
 lion r. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (No. 4 is pierced.) 
 
 Free horse advancing r. ; beneath, A 
 
 27-2 
 
 /R G 
 
 Incuse square, within which, liuear square 
 containing head, without neck, iu crested 
 helmet with cheek-pieces r. 
 
 [Plate xx. 6. J 
 
 Free horse prancing r. 
 
 P E PA[I] K Incuse square, within 
 which, double linear square containing 
 crested helmet with cheek-pieces v. 
 
 Al -55 
 
 (No. 6 is pierced.) 
 
 [Plate xx. 7.] 
 
 * The attribution of Nos. 1 — .5 to Perdiccas is not absolutely certain. Hut tliey undoubtedly 
 date from rirca 4.50 B.C. Perhaps the letter (on No. 2 and No. 5) is the initial of Alexander, the 
 preceding king. Hut, if so, the coins must belong to the very end of his reign. Cf. Berlin Catal., 
 ii., p. 183, and llev. Numismatiiiue, 1895, p. 236. 
 
PEliDICCAS U.-AEROPUS 
 
 285 
 
 No. 
 
 Wkigut 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvehsk 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ARCHELAUS I. 
 
 
 
 
 413—399 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 For some lutcxph lined reaaon Archclaiis, irlio effeeled iiianij ve/onns (Tliuc. ii. lUUj, 
 
 
 
 
 adopted the I'ersie stuiidard ((t his accession. Comiiarc Abdera (A'o.s. 6 //'.) and 
 
 
 
 
 Maronbia {Nos. ;; If.) 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Persic Stiuidard 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 Young male head r., weariug taenia; 
 
 APXE AA[0] Incuse sijuare, within 
 
 
 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 which, linear square containing horse 
 walking r., trailing rein on the ground. 
 
 i 
 
 159 '8 
 
 /R -95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. lOi (iJj.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar; coarser work ; no boi-dei- visible. 
 
 APX ■ A A O .Similar, without linear 
 squai'e. 
 
 •> 
 
 150-<; 
 
 .R -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H e m i b 1 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., weariug lion's 
 
 A P Lion's head 1. ; above, club 1. ; the 
 
 
 
 
 skin. 
 
 whole in incuse square. 
 
 3 
 
 5-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 border of d )ts ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. im (12).] 
 
 ABROPUS 
 
 396 — 392 B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Youijg male head r., wearing kausia. 
 
 [AJEPOP O Forepai-t of lion i-. 
 
 1 
 
 34- 
 
 2E -55 
 
 [Cf. n.M.c, 
 
 p. 165 (2).] 
 
286 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 PAUSANIAS 
 
 
 
 
 390—389 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Persic Staudai-cl 
 
 
 
 
 S t a t e r 
 
 1 
 
 157-4 
 
 M -85 
 
 Young- male head 1-., bound with taenia ; PAY^ AMI Incuse square, within 
 border of dots. which, linear square containing horse 
 
 w^alkiiig r., trailing rein ou the ground. 
 
 [Plate xx. 8.] 
 
 AMYNTAS III. 
 
 First lienjii. 389—383 B.C. 
 In 383 B.C. Anjnioa II. usurped the throne, lohieh he held for two years. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Persic Standard 
 
 Staters 
 
 1 
 
 139-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of Ijearded Herakles r., wearing A^Y NTA Incuse square, within 
 lion's skin. which, linear square containing free 
 
 horse standing r. 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 171 (2).] 
 
 2 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -85 
 
 bordei' of dots. | 
 
 (No 2 is pierced.) 
 
 Diobol 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's AAAYN TA Eagle standing 1., with 
 skill. closed wings, head turned back ; all 
 
 3 
 
 17-6 
 
 M 4 
 
 \vithin linear square. i 
 [B.3I.C.. p. 172 (6).] 
 
 Second Beigri. 381 — 369 B.C. 
 With the t)ji)es compare Pyi)>A, ^os. 1 and 2. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion"s 
 skin ; bordei- of dots. 
 
 AA^YNTA Eagle r.. with closed ' 
 wings, tearing ser2)ent, which he holds \ 
 in his claws. 
 
 4 
 
 63- 
 
 M 6- 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p 
 
 174 (17).J 1 
 
PAUSANI AS— PHILIP II. 
 
 287 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 PERDICCAS III. 
 
 
 
 
 365—359 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 Lion r., holding in his jaws a broken 
 javelin. 
 
 1 
 
 121- 
 
 ^ -(35 
 
 (border not visible.) 
 
 TEPAIK 
 KA 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 175 (2).] 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 1 is restruck.) 
 
 2 
 
 .51- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 
 PEPAIK 
 
 [KA] 
 
 3 
 
 47- 
 
 M -G 
 
 
 PE . . IK 
 KA 
 
 
 
 
 PHILIP II. 
 
 
 
 
 359—33(3 B.C. 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 On liix arqiiifiitioii of the (johl iiiiiies of Pangaeinii (35f) B.C.), Philip reorganized the 
 Marcdonian currency. Hitherto a sHrer standord. had been praciicalli/ universal in 
 Enrojjcan Greece, nihile Persian Dorics circulated freely at the viarliet price if gold. 
 Philip's gold staters were intended to stipcrsede these Dorics, and his new coinage was 
 hiinetallic in pn-inciple, the ratio of gold to silrer being Ji.red at 10:1.* His moneii was 
 struck at various mints within the limits of his Icingdom, and its popular it ij outside of 
 these 'is shown by the large nundtcr of '^barbarous imitations.'" Many of the 
 coins bearing his ti/pes mnst hare been issued by his successors. 
 
 Gold 
 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur., with shoit hair; 
 berries in wreath. 
 
 4>IAirrOYt fin ex.) Galloping biga 
 r., driven by charioteer wearing long 
 cliiton, holding goad in r., reins in 1. ; 
 beneath horses, symbol or mcnograni. 
 
 1 
 
 132(3 
 
 A^ -7.5 
 
 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 2 
 
 132-5 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 (no berries) 
 
 ti'ident downwards. 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 [Plate xx. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 * When the Athenians struck o;ohl (407 B.C.) they had made one gold stater (IS.I grains) = 24 
 Attic drachms, of G7 grains each. This gives a ratio of 12 : 1. Philip's gold stater, on the other 
 hand, =24 Phoenician drachms, of 56 grains each, i.e. a ratio of 10: 1. The fall in the value of gold 
 was perhaps due to the opening up of tlie Thracian gold field. See Th. Reinach's articles in the 
 Revue NumisiiMtique, 1893 [L'or et Varijeat dan>< Vaniiquite grecque, esp. pp. 145 ft'.). 
 
 
 
 
 t On nianv specimens the O appears as • 
 
 
288 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 
 Reverse 
 
 8 
 
 132-4 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 
 
 trident r. 
 
 4 
 
 132-1 
 
 A' -75 
 
 « 
 
 
 trident r.. and ^ 
 
 5 
 
 132-7 
 
 A" -7 
 
 
 
 club r. 
 
 f) 
 
 132-7 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 
 
 /^ and star of eight I'ays. 
 
 1 
 
 132-4 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 
 
 kantbai'os. 
 
 8 
 
 132-7 
 
 X -8 
 
 
 
 Nike flying r., holding ends of untied 
 wreath. 
 
 9 
 
 131-9 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 
 
 Nike as above, bat standing. 
 
 1(1 
 
 132-7 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 (no berries visilile) 
 
 
 bee 1-. 
 
 11 
 
 132-2 
 
 A^ -7,5 
 
 
 
 snake coiled, witli liead ei'ect r. ; and A" 
 
 12 
 
 132- 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 
 
 female liead facing, wearing stepliane, 
 ends of veil hanging down on either 
 side ; and /^ 
 
 18 
 
 132-1 
 
 A" -75 
 
 Similar ; no ])eri-ies visil)le. 
 
 
 Similar ; but nothing beneath horses. 
 
 14 
 
 131-8 
 
 N- -65 
 
 Similar; berries in wreatli. 
 
 
 above goad, oil-beetle r. 
 
 1 
 
 Similar; no exergual line; beneath horses, 
 )jee upwards ; l>eneath inscr., spear- 
 head r. 
 
 15 
 
 131-6 
 
 N -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 15 is pierced.) 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 [Plate xx. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 <l)|AinroY Similar type; ex. line as 
 usual ; beneath horses, symbol. 
 
 IG 
 
 73 -G 
 
 .-R gilt -7 
 
 
 trident i-. 
 
 17 
 
 71-4 
 
 /R gilt -75 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above ty] 
 
 serpent coiled, witli liead ei-ect r. ; and '■ 
 AYV 
 
 e.* Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 18 
 
 128-9 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 * In the absence of any evidence 
 
 as to proreomnce, these "barbarous imitations " have been ; 
 
 
 
 
 arranged after the particular piece \\ 
 
 hich has ser 
 
 ved as a model. | 
 
PHILIP II. 
 
 289 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 I Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 19 
 
 I2r.- 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 120-3 
 
 A" -85 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 21 
 
 32-8 
 
 A^ -5 
 
 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 31-9 
 
 A" -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 31-4 
 
 iV" -55 
 
 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 29 -r. 
 
 A^ -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 2r, 
 
 29-4 
 
 A^ -o") 
 
 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 29-3 
 
 A^ -65 
 
 
 
 
 
 27 
 
 28-9 
 
 A^ -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 30-3 
 
 A^ -5 
 
 
 
 type 1. 
 
 
 29 
 
 28-9 
 
 A^ -6 
 
 
 
 , M 
 
 
 30 
 
 32 '9 
 
 A^ -55 
 
 head bearded. 
 
 
 )' 
 
 
 31 
 
 291 
 
 A^ -55 
 
 !1 )' 
 
 
 '» 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar, head beardless. 
 
 
 Similar ; type 1. 
 
 
 32 
 
 75-8 
 
 M •75 
 
 
 
 beneath horses, trident 1. ; inscr. 
 duced fairly well, but reversed. 
 
 repro- 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 32 was possibly onre silt.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 Similar ; type i-. 
 
 
 33 
 
 87' 
 
 JR -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 r.1-4 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xx. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Quarter Staters 
 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r. 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 . wearing lion's 
 
 1 A 1 r r OY Club 1 ., and strung 
 
 bovv. 
 
 35 
 
 33- 
 
 A^ -45 
 
 
 
 beneath inscr., trident r. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xx. 12.) 
 
 
 3G 
 
 32-8 
 
 A^ -4 
 
 
 
 above bow, kanthai'os. 
 
 
 37 
 
 32-7 
 
 A^ -45 
 
 
 
 19 )) 
 
 
 p p 
 
290 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON" 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 r,S 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 42 
 
 41] 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 oO 
 
 222-9 
 
 220-9 
 
 219-5 
 
 220-7 
 218-G 
 
 223-1 
 
 2-23- 
 
 213-5 
 
 210-5 
 
 217-5 
 
 215-5 
 
 210-4 
 216-8 
 
 M I- 
 M 1- 
 
 JR l- 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Ai 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -95 
 
 Silver 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laui-. ; berries in wreath. Inscr. round top of coin. Bearded horse- 
 man advancing 1., wearing kausia and 
 chlamys, with r. hand raised ; plain 
 border. 
 
 I <t>TAir'noY ; beneath horse, thunder- 
 bolt ; in ex., AH 
 
 JR 1- 
 
 M -95 
 
 /R 1' I border of dots. 
 
 (no ))eri'ies visilile). 
 
 01 Air TOY; beneath horse,, club 1. 
 [I'LATE XX. 13.] 
 
 <l>IAir POY ; beneath horse, star of 
 eight rays; in ex., spear-head 1. 
 
 <l>IAirroY ; beneath horse, ^ 
 
 <(>IAIP fOY ; beneath hoi'se, fore j)art of 
 Pegasosl.; between forelegs, Strang bow. 
 
 <l>IAir' fOY ; between forelegs, A\ 
 
 Similar type; no bori-ies ; border of dots. 
 
 Inscr. round top of coin. Nnked youth on 
 horseback advancing i-., beai-ing palm ; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 <l>l A) r roY; beneath horse A and racing 
 torch ; between horse's forelegs, £ 
 
 (Workmanship rude, but not barbarous.) 
 
 I as preceding. 
 
 (Better work.) 
 
 I <l>IAir'r' ; otherwise, as above. 
 
 ■ (Workmanship rnrte.) 
 
 <t>IAirr OY ; as above, but between 
 I forelegs, «t 
 
 I <l>IAir r«Y ; as above, but between 
 forelegs, kantharos. 
 
 preceding ; but bet\^■een foi-elegs. up) 
 
 as 
 
 01 Air roY ; but beneath horse. A 
 and bucranium, with r. horn turned 
 do\\-nwards ; between forelegs, |4" 
 
PHILIP II, 
 
 291 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Mktal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 51 
 
 213-7 ! .-R -95 
 
 52 219-4 M 1 
 
 33 ! 214-5 Ai 1- 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 220-6 
 
 214-5 
 
 220- 
 
 58 219-9 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 i09-3 
 
 61 219-2 
 
 62 221-3 
 
 63 
 
 213-6 
 
 64 223-4 
 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 67 
 
 J19-6 
 
 218-9 
 
 217-6 
 
 M -95 
 
 215-8 M 1- 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 .11 -95 
 
 Al -9 
 
 210-5 .11 -85 
 
 Al -95 
 .11 -95 
 
 .11 1- 
 
 M -95 
 ^l 1- 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 Al -9 
 M 
 
 (beri'ies in wreath.) 
 
 (berries in wreatli.j 
 
 (no border visible.) 
 (beiries in wreath.) 
 (in front, ijrajfito, 56.) 
 
 as preceding ; but position of the groups 
 of symbol and letters reversed. 
 
 4>IAirr'*Y ; hor.seman cai-ries Avand ; 
 beneath hoi-se, ^ ; between forelegs, 
 trident i-. ; no boi'der. 
 [Plate xx. 14.] 
 
 <1>I A I n P OY ; horseman carries palm, as 
 usual ; beneath horse, O ; no border. 
 
 4>IAir TOY; beneath lioi'se, ^ ; 
 between forelegs, A ; no bordei- visible. 
 
 01 Air roY ; beneath horse, crescent 
 with horns r. ; between forelegs, P ; 
 border of dots, as usual. 
 
 <|)|Air Toy ; beneath horse, aplustre ; 
 between foi-elegs, p^ 
 
 as above. 
 (Wdikiiiaiisliip rude.) 
 
 <MAir r»Y ; la'ueath horse, curled 
 snake, with head ei-ect i-. ; between 
 forelegs, Boeotian shield. 
 
 <l>IAir TOY; beneatli horse, wreath; 
 between foi'elegs, p 
 
 <|)|Air TOY; beneath lior.se, fiat cap 
 with ribands, horizontally placed; be- 
 tween forelegs, T 
 
 01 Air roY; beneath horse, Hat cap, 
 perpendiciilarly placed ; between fore- 
 legs, n ; border plain. 
 
 01 A IP roY ; beneath horse, ear of 
 com ; between forelegs, P ; boi-der of 
 dots, as usual. 
 
 ' as preceding. 
 (Workmanship rude.) 
 
 (beri'ies in wreath ; no border visible.) 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 0IAin fOY ; between forelegs, cicada 
 r. ; no boi-der visible. 
 [Pla'L'B XX. 15.] 
 
 ^lAin noY ; between forelegs, Jani- 
 form head, wearing niodius ; boi-der 
 doubtful. 
 
 01 Air roY ; beneath horse. A/ ; 
 Ijetweeii foi-elegs, ivy-leaf ; bordei- of 
 dots, as usual. 
 
 01 Air POY ; beneath hor.se, female 
 head facing, wearing modius ; border 
 doubtful. 
 
 p p 2 
 
mmmr- 
 
 292 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 68 
 69 
 70 
 
 71 
 72 
 73 
 
 74 
 75 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 79 
 80 
 81 
 
 82 
 83 
 84 
 85 
 
 86 
 
 87 
 88 
 
 89 
 90 
 
 Weight 
 
 219-5 
 189-9 
 217-3 
 
 193-7 
 193-3 
 192-6 
 182-6 
 170-6 
 152-7 
 73-7 
 
 231-1 
 218-5 
 2112 
 207 8 
 207-4 
 197-6 
 201-4 
 207-7 
 
 205-2 
 206-1 
 202-9 
 
 209-9 
 199-4 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 JR -95 
 
 M 105 
 
 (base) 
 
 M -95 
 
 .R -9 
 
 yR -8 
 
 ^l -95 
 M -8 
 M -95 
 .41 1- 
 
 M -85 
 
 M 1- 
 /R 1- 
 M -95 
 M -85 
 M -95 
 M -95 
 M 1- 
 M -95 
 
 JR -95 
 yR -95 
 M -95 
 
 M -95 
 iR -95 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 (couutermarked with head of 3'ouiig 
 Herakles r., wearing lion's skin, all in 
 inc-use circle.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 type 1. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of abo\e type (or of 
 Nos. 38 &.) 1. 
 
 no trace of palm-branch. 
 
 Similar ; but type r. ; no palm-branch. 
 
 (palm-branch \i8ible.) 
 
 (palm-bi-anchj 
 
 )j 
 beneath lioi-se, rude branch. 
 
 ,, head of Herakles P r. 
 
 [Plate xx. 16. J 
 
 beneath hoi-se, head of Herakles V r. 
 uncertain symbols. 
 
 beneath horse, rude thunderbolt ; around, 
 imitations of letters and monograms. 
 
 (figure stands on horse's back.) 
 
 (type 1.) 
 
 * See footnote on p. ''iHb. 
 
PHILIP II, 
 
 2&3 
 
 No. ' Weigut 
 
 91 
 92 
 
 93 
 94 
 9.5 
 96 
 
 97 
 
 98 
 99 
 
 100 
 101 
 
 102 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 106 
 107 
 108 
 109 
 110 
 111 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 192-1 
 189'6 
 
 236-8 
 146-7 
 21(1-4 
 166-2 
 
 194-7 
 
 167-4 
 
 39-6 
 34-6 
 
 40-1 
 
 37-8 
 
 36-9 
 
 37-5 
 
 38-6 
 
 38-6 
 
 38-2 
 
 34-6 
 
 33- 
 
 38-6 
 
 .11 I -It:. 
 .R -1 
 
 .11 1- 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 .R 1-4 
 
 .11 1-25 
 
 208-2 Al -9 
 
 Al 9 
 yE 1- 
 
 A\ -6 
 Al -65 
 
 .R -55 
 M -55 
 Al -55 
 Al -55 
 Al -55 
 M -6 
 .R -55 
 .R -5 
 .R -5 
 Al -55 
 
 type 
 
 Barbai-uus uiiitation uf type ui' head of 
 young Herakles, weaving lion's skin, i: 
 
 Heverse 
 
 Barbarous imitation of type of Apollo's 
 head r., laur. 
 
 beneath liorse, rude thunderbolt. 
 
 iSiniilai-. 
 
 beneatli horse, rude thunderbolt. 
 
 Siniilai- ; type 
 
 attempt to reproduce mscr. 
 [Plate xx. 17.] 
 
 no attempt at inscr. 
 
 Tetrobols 
 
 Head of Apollo r., boiind with taenia; <l>!AirroY* Naked horseman pran- 
 boi-der of dots. 
 
 beneath, thundeibolt. 
 
 club r. 
 [Plate xx. 18.] 
 
 crescent, horns r. (4>lAirr • Y). 
 
 bunch of grapes, antl /^ 
 
 flat cap. pe]-i)endicuUii-ly placed. 
 
 bi-anch . 
 
 J^ and swastica. 
 
 1^ 
 
 pellet. 
 
 thyi-sos and /^ 
 
 forepart of lion V i-. 
 
 arrow-head r., downwards. 
 [Plate xx. 19.] 
 
 On No. 100 tlie O lias tlio form Q- *J" l'"-' following sijuciiiioiis iL is eiUicr O or • 
 
wuMMK' 
 
 294 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 112 
 113 
 114 
 115 
 
 116 
 
 117 
 
 118 
 119 
 120 
 121 
 122 
 128 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 127 
 128 
 129 
 130 
 131 
 132 
 133 
 134 
 135 
 136 
 137 
 
 96-5 
 87-5 
 103- 
 97-5 
 
 98- 
 
 92-5 
 
 98- 
 88-5 
 105- 
 94- 
 78-5 
 94- 
 24-5 
 88- 
 81- 
 87'5 
 94- 
 97- 
 93-5 
 9o- 
 88- 
 117-5 
 103-5 
 103-5 
 100- 
 93- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M •- 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 M -7 
 
 Head of Apollo r., wearing taenia. 
 l)order of dots, 
 (type 1.) ; no border visible, 
 uo bordei- visible; behind, A 
 ,, ,, no letter. 
 
 border of dots, 
 uo boi-der visible. 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 bordei- of dots. 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 >) 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 no bordei- visible. 
 
 J& 
 
 -75 
 
 boi-der of dots. 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 11 
 
 M 
 
 -65 
 
 11 
 
 M 
 
 ■5 
 
 11 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 (tyjje l.j ; iio border visible. 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 uo border. 
 
 M 
 
 -65 
 
 \i 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 boi-der of dots. 
 
 M 
 
 -65 
 
 (type 1.) ; border of dots. 
 
 ^ 
 
 -65 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 M 
 
 -65 
 
 uo border visible. 
 
 A) 
 
 -7 
 
 Ijorder of dots. 
 
 ^ 
 
 -7 
 
 boi-der of dots ; behind head, A 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 )J 5! :) 
 
 M 
 
 •7 
 
 no ))order visible ; no lettei-. 
 
 M 
 
 -7 
 
 i> 11 
 
 M 
 
 -65 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 <l> I A I n P O Y Naked horseman prancing r . 
 beneath, thunderbolt horizontally jjlaced. 
 thunderbolt, placed at au angle. 
 trideut r. 
 trident 1. (type 1.). 
 
 N, and oruaniental trident r. 
 [Plate xx. 20.] 
 
 N and plaiu trideut r. 
 
 yfij and trident r. 
 club r. 
 kautharos. 
 
 
 
 Al 
 If 
 
 similar V 
 
 bunch of grapes. 
 
 spear- head i-. 
 
 spear- head 1.; (^type l.j. 
 
 bee r. 
 
 dolphin r., downwards. 
 
 n and small dolphin r., downwards. 
 
 beneath, strung bow ; infield 1., A/ 
 
 beueath, A/ 
 
 A 
 
 r 
 
 r (type l.j. 
 E 
 
 3 (jilain border). 
 
PHILIP II.— ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 295 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 188 
 
 108-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 (type 1.) ; ne border visible. 
 
 a 
 
 
 139 
 
 S^- 
 
 M -75 
 
 1 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 H- 
 
 
 140 
 
 106- 
 
 M -75 
 
 )) 
 
 OP 
 
 
 141 
 
 87- 
 
 M -7 
 
 )i 
 
 A 
 
 
 142 
 
 102-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 „ 
 
 Nl 
 
 
 143 
 
 109- 
 
 M -7 
 
 ,, behind, A 
 
 P 
 
 
 144 
 
 101- 
 
 M -7 
 
 (type 1.) ; border of dots. 
 
 uncertain symbol ; (type 1.). 
 
 
 145 
 
 169- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Similar type ; Iwrder of dots. 
 
 Inscr. apparently barliarous ; 
 type; in field r., C 
 
 similar 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xx. 21.] 
 
 
 146 
 
 109- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 <i>iAir cbib. 
 roY 
 
 
 147 
 
 16-5 
 
 M -45 
 
 plain boi'der. 
 
 type r. ; beneath, star. 
 
 
 148 
 
 23- 
 
 M -45 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 type 1. ; beneath, A 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 [Plate xx. 22.] 
 
 
 : 149 
 
 13-5 
 
 M -4 
 
 border doubtful. type 1. ; M 
 
 
 150 
 
 1 
 
 20- 
 
 M -4 
 
 „ type 1. ; symbol or monogr., al 
 
 1 coin. 
 
 ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 (336—323 R.c.) 
 
 Circa .336-334 B.C., or later. 
 
 Alexander ivtroduced the tijpe of flie eagle on his earliest moiiei/. Al first he 
 sllrer [ti'lradnirhiiis on the Phoenician standard, drarhiiis, etc., on the 
 Attir standard ) and hronze. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 most ofi' 
 struck 
 
 1 
 
 44-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., -wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEEA NAPOY Eagle 
 
 head turned back, standing on 
 bolt ; plain border. 
 
 r., -with 
 thunder- 
 
'290 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Wei&ht 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 54 '5 
 65 ■ 
 
 ^ -65 
 M -6 
 
 265-3 
 265- 
 
 2B5-2 
 264-8 
 
 N -8 
 
 .V -85 
 
 A^ -85 
 
 M -85 
 
 in field i\, star ? 
 
 type r. ; in field 1., wheel of four spokes; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxi. 1.] 
 
 Afier rirra 384 B.C. 
 
 Subsequent]!/, Iliomjli i^i-ohalihj itat till (ift.cr liif! rmupient nf Asia, lio tliorom/lili/ 
 
 rcori/aiu'xed the riin-enc)i, isssni'ng moneii in nil three metnU. lie adopted neir 
 
 tjipen, the deltiea vhn iioio nppeiir beiiit/ those mho had been most prominent in 
 
 (lidiiKj the GreeJcs against Troij ,-* and he also entirely abandoned the Phoenician 
 
 standard, on n-liieh rhilip's silrer hail been striich, retainim/, howcrer, the hi- 
 ..„t.,n: •...:.. i„ i. i\r..„i. ,.r j?.,. ,,,„„^.. ;.„ — .•.,., ai^ 7..'. ' . .. .^ i /-. 
 
 .... .1 ....... , .... .' (. r . I. j_ /n . c^. .. ....... #. L.... .^ ._'.>.. ..|.# ll.»^#t J ItllffltfUt/, I 
 
 inrtallir jiriiiciple.^ Mneh of the money bearing Alexander's name 
 
 his death 
 
 Eitboic- Attic Standard 
 Gold 
 Distaters | 
 
 strnch after 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearinsj necklace, ear- 
 ring, and crested Corinthian helmet, 
 adorned with serpent; haii- in formal 
 curls. 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Nike standing with 
 open wings, thi'ee-quarfcer face towards 
 1. ; in her outstretched r. she holds a 
 wreath, and in her 1. a trophy-stand.^ 
 
 in field 1., thunderbolt upright, and A 
 
 thunderbolt upright, and /\ (H douljtful) 
 
 trident downwards. 
 
 small male figure stauding 1.. with out- 
 stretched r. hand. 
 
 [Platr 
 
 XXL 
 
 2.] 
 
 * See Gardner, Tijpes aj Greet: Coivs, p. 51. 
 
 t 111 Persia, where bimetallisni liad provailed from the earliest times, the old ratio of 13 3 to 1 
 was artificially maint.aiiied, the pold Daric (1.30 grains) bein»' — 20 silver sifi'li, of 86j uTaiu.s each. 
 This system was broken down by Alex.ander's cnntinest, and he liad to b.aso his new coinage on the 
 (then) natnral ratio of 10:1. Custom, however, demanded that the old ratio hctn-een tlie miits 
 (1 : 20) should continue. With gold standing to silver as 10 : 1, the gold stater (135 grain.s) was 
 = 20 Aitic drachms. The Euboie- Attic standard was, therefore, substituted for the Phoenician 
 one previously in use for silver. See the article of M. Reinach already referred to (Rev. Num., 
 1893, esp. p]). 29 f . ). It follows from this explanation of the change of standard that the reorganiza- 
 tion of the coinage did not take place until some time after 334 B.C. And that is probable on 
 other grounds. See Holm, Griech. Gescli., vol. iii., chap, xxvii., note 12. 
 
 J In dealing- with tlie coins of Philip II., Alexander the Great, and Phili]i III., the various metals 
 and various denominations have been grouped separately, in accordance with the principle employed 
 throughout the Catalogue. Within these groups, however, it has seemed convenient to follow the 
 arrangement adopted by Miiller (NnmisinatAqne d'Ale.vandre le Graiiil, Copenhagen, 1855). As 
 Miiller did not dr.aw upon the material contained in the Iliuiter Cabinet, the present volume 
 records a certain nximber of v.arieties not mentioned by him. Such varieties arc, as a rule, jilaced 
 .at the end of the group to which they belong. Occasionally, where the variation is unimportant, 
 they are inserted where Miiller would naturally have put them. In dealing with the JR of 
 Alexander the (xreat, Miiller's numbers are quoted throughout, in order to facilitate refei-ence ; 
 his geographical attributions have also been given, although many of them are extremely 
 doubtful. See note on p. 299. 
 
 § This object is more probablv a (ttuAi's. See E. Babelon, Memoire pres. nu coui/res iitternat. de 
 Num. (Brussels, 1891.) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 291 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 I 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 15 
 
 IS 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 132-8 
 
 132-8 
 
 132- 
 
 131-1 
 
 131-7 
 
 127-9 
 
 131-6 
 132-7 
 
 16 131-9 
 
 17 129- 
 
 130-4 
 
 132-4 
 
 131-9 
 
 131- 
 
 VOt. 1. 
 
 ^ -7 
 AT -7 
 N- -75 
 
 A^ -7 
 N -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 N -7 
 
 M -7 
 A^ -7 
 
 N 
 
 A^ -8 
 
 A/ -7 
 
 A^ -Ti 
 
 Staters 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing necklace and | AAEHANAP«Y (in field r.) Nike 
 crested Corinthian helmet, adorned with i standing- with open wings, thi'ee- 
 
 serpent ; hail' falls in foi-nial cm-Is, 
 concealing ear. 
 
 (no necklace.) 
 
 (liair in wavj* curls.) 
 
 fjuarter face towards 1., holding wreath 
 and trophy-stand, as in preceding. 
 
 (no necklace. 
 
 in field 1., thnnderholt npright. 
 
 I and thnnderholt horizontally placed. 
 
 trident 1. ; (J and O in inscr.). 
 
 trident downwards ; (Z in inscr.). 
 
 ,, ,, and ^^ 
 
 (No. 12 is pierced.) 
 
 trident downwards, and A 
 
 Similar type ; but ear and eari-ing visible. 
 
 (no necklace.) 
 
 Similar type, with earring; but hair loose. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in field 1., eagle r. 
 
 Corinthian helmet without crest. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in field 1., head and neck of griffin 1. 
 
 (Nike holds pnlm in 1.); in field 1., lion's 
 head facing ; (O in inscr.). 
 (No. 17 is pierced.) 
 
 [Plate xxi. 3.] 
 
 in field 1., r^ , pentagram, and traces of 
 second symbol. 
 
 foreparts of two horses, back to back, and 
 jf > (i ^ii*^^ O in inscr.). 
 
 Similar ; but hair in formal curls. 
 
 Similar type ; but hair loose. 
 
 AAEZA NA[POY] (in field 1.) 
 Similar type. 
 
 in field r., ear of corn. 
 
 AAEZANAP«Y (in field r.) Similar 
 type. 
 
 in field 1., snake coiled, with head erect 1. 
 
 Q Q 
 
298 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rever.se 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; ear concealed. 
 
 
 AAEEANAP»Y (in field r.) Similar 
 type. 
 
 22 
 
 132- 
 
 A' -7 
 
 • 
 
 
 in field 1., /\ , and snake erect, with tail 
 curled and head bent down towards 1. 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type; but on helmet, 
 hair in formal curls ; ear am 
 
 griffin ; 
 earring 
 
 A[AEZ]ANAPOY Similar type. 
 BASIAEHS 
 
 
 
 
 visible. 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 131-2 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 
 (No. 23 is 
 
 in field 1.. (Yf within wreath. 
 i pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; but on helmet, 
 hair loose. 
 
 serpent ; 
 
 AAEiANAPOY Similar type. 
 [B]A ZlAEnZ 
 
 24 
 
 132-2 
 
 N -75 
 
 
 
 in field i-., fYP within wreath; in field 1., 
 
 OE 
 
 25 
 
 132- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 iu field r.. hP; in field 1., fYP within 
 wreath. (BAZ lAEHZ) 
 
 26 
 
 132-3 
 
 N- -7 
 
 (hair in long curls.) 
 
 
 (AAEIANAPO[YJ in field h. Ml, and, 
 BAZIAELIISJ) lower down, py^p 
 within wreath. 
 
 27 
 
 131-7 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 
 in field r., I¥P within wreath ; in field 1., 
 
 Ml 
 
 AAEHANAPOY (in field r.) Similar 
 type. 
 
 28 
 
 132-3 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 ear concealed. 
 
 
 in field 1., "F 
 
 29 
 
 128-8 
 
 M -75 
 
 5) 
 
 
 in field r., A ; in field 1., |< (J iu inscr.) 
 
 30 
 
 129-1) 
 
 A^ -8 
 
 ear visible. 
 
 
 in field 1., K and |2S| 
 
 31 
 
 130-8 
 
 AT -7 
 
 )T 
 
 [Plate 
 
 pomegranate? and \^ (• in inacr.) 
 XXI. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type, with earring ; hair i 
 
 n formal 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 
 
 cm-Is. 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 131 -r, 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 Similar type ; hair loose. 
 
 
 in field r., bunch of grapes ; in field 1., k^ 
 
 AAEIANAP-Y Similar type. 
 BA $IAEn§ 
 
 33 
 
 128-4 
 
 A^ -75 
 
 
 
 in field r., T ; in field 1., ffl 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 2!)S) 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar. 
 
 34 
 
 131-i 
 
 A^ -7 
 
 Bai'barous iiiiitiition of iibove type. 
 
 in field 1., traces of uncertain symbol. 
 
 * 
 
 Barbai-ous imitation of above type and 
 
 35 
 
 130-7 
 
 iV -7 
 
 
 inscr. 
 
 
 
 
 ftuar ter Staters 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas, as above, with earring 
 and necklace ; hair in formal curls. 
 
 AAEEANAP»Y Nike standing, as 
 above, holding wi-eath and trophy- 
 stand. 
 
 36 
 
 33- 
 
 ^V -45 
 
 [Plate 
 Similar type. 
 
 in field 1., head and neck of grifSn 1. 
 XXI. 5.] 
 
 AAEZAN Strung bow and club r. ; 
 AP«Y plain border. 
 
 37 
 
 32- 
 
 N -4 
 
 • 
 
 above, traces of star. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Tetr adrac h ms* 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., Avearing lion's 
 skin ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AAEHANAP«Y Zeus Aetophoros 1., 
 seated on throne without back, feet 
 resting on footstool (Type JV.) ; in 
 front, A and i-acing toi-ch ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 38 
 
 263-3 
 
 Al M 
 
 
 beneath seat, t ; (no footstool). 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 33 [Amphipolis].) 
 
 
 
 
 * See note on p. 296. Miiller (op. cit., pp. off.) has divided the tetradrachms into seven 
 classes, which he distinguishes by the type of the Rev. as follows : — 
 
 
 
 
 Type I. Thick fabric, severe style, Zeus seated in stiff attitude, liU riijht Icj risible in 
 
 front of his left. 
 Type II. Similar, but of nobler style and more careful workmanship. 
 Type III. Similar, but work freer and finer. 
 Type IV. Fabric less lumpy j style fine ; work usually (but not always) careful. The 
 
 riijht let/ of Zeus is drawn back beliind the left. 
 Type V. Similar. Fabric flatter and/a/i more spread ; style free, but usually superficial. 
 Type VI. Thin outspread fabric. Work usually careless, but not rude or barbarous. 
 Type VII. Thin outspread fabric. Work rude and often barbarous. 
 
 
 
 
 The issue of these tetradrachms, as well as of the other coins of Alexander, continued for many 
 years after his death, the oriy:inal coins being- imitated by various cities and princes, especially in 
 Asia, as late as the second century B.C. The attribution and classification of the numerous series 
 are still far from being finally settled. Miiller jiroceeiled on the assumption that the symbols 
 in the field were the mint-marks of the issuing towns. On the later sj)ecimens (Classes 
 V. — VII.) they undoubtedly are so, but it is probable that on the earlier ones (Classes I. — IV.) 
 they are frequently the badge of the prince or the magistrate responsible for the coinage. A 
 general scheme of geographical distribution will be found in tlist. Num., p. 200. Sec also the 
 important article by Dr. Imlioof-Blnmer in Nainismatisclie Zeitschrift, vol. x.vvii. (1895), on 
 Die Miinzstdtte Babylon zur Zeit der Makcdonischen Satrapen, etc. 
 
 y y 
 
300 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevkrse 
 
 i','J 
 
 263-6 
 
 .11 1-05 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 
 (MiiUer, No. 34 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 40 
 
 263-3" 
 
 .H 11 
 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 36 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 41 
 
 262-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 1 ^ (no footstool). 
 (Miiller, No. 38 [Aniphipolis].) 
 
 42 
 
 263-7 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 (Muller, No. 43 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 43 
 
 2G4-1 
 
 JR 1- 
 
 (Miiller, No. 53 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 44 
 
 2G4-3 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxi. 6.] 
 
 45 
 
 264-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 1 beneath «eat, kautbaros ; (no footstool; 
 { O in inscr.). 
 (Miiller, No. 60 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 46 
 
 265-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 • 
 
 star of eight rays. 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 62 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 47 
 
 262-3 
 
 yll 1-05 
 
 star of eigbt rays, and M 
 ("Miiller, No. 68 [Ampliipolis]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 48 
 
 264-7 
 
 Al 1-05 
 
 1 
 (lolpbin r. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 73 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 49 
 
 264-1 
 
 M 11 
 
 (Miiller, No. 74 
 Similar. 
 
 forepart of Pegasos 1. (O in inscr.). 
 [Ampliipolis].) 
 
 AAEEANAP»Y Zeus Aetophoros 1., 
 seated on throne without back (Type 
 I.) ; border of dots. 
 
 50 
 
 264-1 
 
 ^R 11 
 
 (Miiller, No. 97 [Amphi 
 Similar type. 
 
 in front, bucranium. 
 [lolis]. A pierced coiu.) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 1., 
 seated on throne with back (Tyjje 
 IV.) ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 51 
 
 259-4 
 
 M 11 
 
 (Muller, No. 135 [ 
 
 in front, club downwards. 
 Heraclea Siutica].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 301 
 
 1 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Siiiiiliir type ; 
 
 border of dots. AAEHANAPOY Similar; but throne 
 
 without Ijack. 
 
 52 
 
 258-2 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 
 in fi'oiit, star of twelve rays ; beueath 
 seat, |CJ ; footstool. 
 
 (Cf. Muller,- No. 163 [Acmatlum].) 
 
 53 
 
 258-5 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 (Miillor, No. It 
 
 iu front, star of seven rays, and fr) ; no 
 footstool visible. 
 
 S-i [ Acroatlion] . ) 
 
 BA$IAEnS AAEZANAPoY Zeus 
 
 Aetopiioro.s 1., seated on tlirone with 
 back, his feet resting- on a footstool 
 (Type 111.) ; plain border. 
 
 54 
 
 263-5 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 (Cf. Muller, N. 
 
 in front, wreath-bearing Nike flying r., 
 caduceus upright, and S ; beneath seat, 
 
 E7 
 
 . 203 [Theruui].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similai- type ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAP«Y Zeus Aetophoros 1., 
 seated ; in front, caduceus upright ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 55 
 
 260-2 
 
 .il 1-05 
 
 
 
 Type 1. ; throne without back. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 207 [Pelagoiiia].) 
 
 56 
 
 262-G 
 
 iR 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 • 
 
 Type IV. ; throne with back ; footstool. 
 
 AAEZANAP.Y BASIAEIl^ (title 
 
 iu ex.) Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on 
 throne with back, his feet resting on a 
 footstool (Type 111.) ; border of dots. 
 
 57 
 
 261-7 
 
 /R 1-1 
 
 
 beneath seat, Al 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Muller, No. 
 
 216 [Dium].) 
 
 58 
 
 262-4 
 
 Al 1- 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 (Muller, No. 22-i [Unc 
 
 AAEEANAPOY BA§I AEHS Zeus 
 Aetoplioi-os seated 1. on throne without 
 back (Type I.) ; in front, Macedonian 
 helmet with plumes ; border of dots. 
 
 ertain of Macedonia].) 
 
302 
 
 Eli^GS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 2641 
 
 263-5 
 
 261-4 
 
 264-5 
 
 257- 
 
 259-7 
 
 266- 1 
 
 261-6 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 M -95 
 
 M -9 
 
 M 1- 
 
 JR 1- 
 
 Al -95 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEEANAPOY /eu.s AetopUoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Typo IV". ) ; 
 in front, Macedonian hehuet with cheek- 
 pieces and plumes. 
 
 beneath seat, <j< 
 (Miiller, No. 230 [Uncertain of Maceiloniii].) 
 
 /V a"c^ >E 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 232 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 [Plate xxi. 7.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne 
 without l)ack (Type I.) ; in front, cres- 
 cent Avith horns 1.; border of dots. 
 
 AAEEANAP-Y 
 
 (Miiller, No. 259 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 ! AAEZANAP-Y BA^IAEfl^ ; be- 
 
 neat hseat, P 
 
 (Miiller, No. 261 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAEZANAP-Y Similar; Imtinfront, 
 aplustre ; beneath seat, (VI 
 
 (Miiller, No. 280 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 Similar type; border of dots. 
 
 AAEEANAP«YBA$IAEn[§] 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ill front, cornucoj)iae. 
 (Miiller, No. 368 [Coela]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Similar. 
 
 in front, cock 1. 
 (Muller, No. 392 [Salynibria].) 
 
 [Plate xxi. 8.] 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 III.), his feet resting on footstool. 
 
 in front, female ligure facing, holding torch 
 in 1. (r., off coin) ; beneath seat, ^ 
 
 (Miiller, No. 397 [I'erintlius].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 308 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 E,EVER.SE 
 
 (57 
 
 199-8 
 
 /Rpl.115 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 
 BAZIAEIIZ Zeus Aetophoros seated 
 
 AAEHAM PY 1. on throne with back 
 
 (Type VI.) ; beneath 
 
 seat, W;inex., KO-- 
 
 
 
 
 (Barbarous imit. 
 
 ition of Mliller, No. 410 [Odessiis]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar t.ype. 
 
 
 B AZ 1 A EflZ Zeus Aetophoros seated 
 AAEZANAPOY 1. on throne with- 
 out l)ack (Type VII.) ; 
 in fi'ont, 0E 
 
 68 
 
 252-5 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 
 
 beneath seat, |0| 
 
 
 
 
 
 Miiller, No. 419 [Odessus].) 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 Similar ; but in front, crested helmet r. 
 
 69 
 
 240-4 
 
 .11 1-4 
 
 
 
 beneath seat, p 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 440 [Mesembria].) 
 
 70 
 
 251-4 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 
 
 (throne with back) ; beneath seat. hPA; i" 
 front, beside helmet, RPO 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miillor, No. 4(51 [Mesembria].) 
 
 71 
 
 254-3 
 
 /R 1-25 
 
 
 (throne with back) ; hPA, and ^A 
 (Miiller, No. 464 [Mesembria].) 
 
 72 
 
 254-1 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 
 
 hP, and AA 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 465 [Mesembria].) 
 
 7.3 
 
 250-3 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 
 Q> and AA 
 
 (Miiller, No. 460 [Mesembria].) 
 
 74 
 
 244-8 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 
 
 t^, and A A 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 467 [Mesembria].) 
 
 75 
 
 1 
 
 254-6 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 f^, and MA 
 
 (Miiller, No. 481 [Mesembria].) 
 
 i 76 
 
 256-2 
 
 A\ 1 3 
 
 
 
 BY, and HP 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 48.5 [Me.sembria].) 
 
 77 
 
 220-1 
 
 /R 1-25 
 
 
 no helmet ; in fi-ont. AEI ; beneath seat, 
 P«J~'? ; in ex., MEZA (no ex. line). 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 488 [Mesembria].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 
 AAEZAN AP«Y Zeus Aetophoros seated 
 1. on tlu'one without back (Type IV.). 
 
 78 
 
 262-5 
 
 .R 11 
 
 
 
 in front, Al and bee. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 509 [Melitaea].) 
 
 7'.) 
 
 263-4 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 
 
 ^ and bee. 
 
3f)4 
 
 KINGS OP MACBDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY BAZIAEHZ (title 
 in ex.) Similar type; but throne lias 
 back ; border of dots. 
 
 80 
 
 255-8 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Mtiller, No. 
 
 in froiit, mirror ; beneath seat, P Y 
 538 [Tricca]). 
 
 AAEZANAP»Y Zeus Aeto2:)lioros 
 seated 1. on tin-one without bark (Tjpe 
 I.); beneath seat, P; border of dots. 
 
 81 
 
 252-8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 in front, dolphin r., downwards ; (bordei- 
 not visible). 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 542 [Uncertain of N. Greece]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 82 
 
 262-2 
 
 .R -95 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 549 [One 
 
 in front, wreath, 
 ertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 AAEIANAPOY BA^IAEXl^ (title 
 in ex.). Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on 
 throne with back (Type III.); border 
 of dots. 
 
 83 
 
 264- 
 
 M 115 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 550 [Unc 
 
 in front, wreath; beneath seat, Al 
 ertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 AAEZANAP-Y Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 I.); border of dots. 
 
 84 
 
 257-1 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 558 [Unc 
 
 in front, flat cap perpendicularly placed ; 
 beneath seat, p 
 
 ertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY BASIAEHS 
 
 Similar ; beneath seat, P 
 
 85 
 
 265-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 in front, branch. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 560 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 86 
 
 264-2 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (MuUer, No. 570 [Unc 
 
 in front, ear of corn ; • in inscr. 
 ertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 AAESANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 IV.) ; in front, amphora ; border of dots 
 
 87 
 
 254-6 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 594 [Unc 
 
 ertainjof N.lGreece].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 305 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 88 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 91 
 
 92 
 
 93 
 
 94 
 
 95 
 
 96 
 
 97 
 
 98 
 
 260-3 
 
 2621 
 
 261-9 
 
 259-9 
 
 252-9 
 
 262-1 
 
 262-3 
 
 263-3 
 
 2(;i-(', 
 
 262-1 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 262-4 .R 1-05 
 
 /R 1- 
 M l-l 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 M -95 
 
 Ai 1-05 
 
 Ai 1-05 
 
 Ai 1-1 
 
 JR 11 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Similar. AAEEANAPOY Similar type, with 
 
 footstool ; Itordcr (of dots ?). 
 
 in fi'oiit, \Q() and rudder ; Ijeneath seat, 
 
 [ l-E? 
 
 (Cf. Miillor, No. 635 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 I in front, X and conical object surmounted 
 t by star ; beneath seat, P 
 
 (Miiller, No. 6-43 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 Similar. Zeus Aetoplioros seated 1. on throne with 
 
 back, his feet resting on a footstool 
 (Type III.) ; beneath seat, Khj ; no ex. 
 line ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY 
 
 (Miiller, No. 6G7 [Macedon, 'riirrn-o, .niid 'I'liossnly].) 
 
 AAEEANAPOY BASIAEjQS (title 
 
 I beneath) ; in front, A\ 
 (Miiller, No. 672 [Macedon. Tlirace, and Tliessaly].) 
 
 , AAEJANAPOY BA^IAEH^ (title 
 j beneath); in front, A\ and club upright. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 682 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 j AAEEANAPOY ; in front, ear of corn; 
 I beneath monogram, A\ ; monogram has 
 I form, j^ ex . line. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 700 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 as preceding ; but in front, huinan r. eai- ? 
 
 Similar. AAElANAPoY BASIAEnS (title 
 
 beneath). Zeus Aetojihoros seated 1. on 
 throne with bfu-k, his feet i-esting on a 
 footstool (Type IV.) ; no ex. line; border 
 of dots. 
 
 in front, H ; beneath seat, rff within 
 wreath. 
 (Miiller, No. 713 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 I in front, (Yp within wreath ; beneath 
 seat, H 
 
 (Miiller, No. 714 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 I ffP within wreath ; and (^ 
 (Miiller, No. 720 [Macedon, Thrace, and Tliessaly].) 
 
 f¥P within wreath ; and ^ ; (^ in 
 inscr.). 
 Muller, No. 727 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 K H 
 
?,0Q 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. : Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 99 
 
 100 
 
 101 
 
 102 
 
 lOE 
 
 104 
 
 lor, 
 
 Kifi 
 
 lOI 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 263-7 
 
 205-1 
 
 Al 105 
 
 M 1- 
 
 260-5 JR 1-05 
 
 263- M 1- 
 
 272-9 
 
 263-3 
 
 262-5 
 
 .R 115 
 
 yR 11 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Similar type 
 
 ^ ; and in within wreath ; (title, off 
 coin.) 
 (Miiller No. 728 [Macedciii, Tlirace, aiul Thessaly].) 
 
 I f^P within wreath ; and M | 
 
 (Miiller, No. 734- [Macedon, Thrace, and Tliessaly].) 
 
 Ml ; and fyp within wreath. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 735 [Macedon, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 M I and aplustre ; fyf within wreath. 
 
 [Plate xxi. 9.] 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his foot 
 resting on a footstool (Type IV.). 
 
 in front, M^; beneath seat, |^ 
 (Cf. MuUer, No. 772 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar, without footstool ; )>order of 
 dots. 
 
 in front, X ; beneath seat, <t> 
 (Muller, No. 803 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar, with footstool ; border of dots. 
 
 259-9 
 
 2f;3- 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 ^l 1- 
 
 in front, |f| 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 847 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAEHANAP«Y BAS IAEn$ Zeus 
 
 Aetojjhoros seated 1. on throne without 
 back (Type 1.); border of dots. 
 
 in front, |©J 
 (Miiller, No. 860 [Uncertain].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zens Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on tlirone with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type IV.) ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 in front, chimaera r. ; beneath seat, NO 
 (;Miiller, No. 864 [Sicyon].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 •607 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Rkvkb.se 
 
 108 
 
 256-3 
 
 .'ll 1-15 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type V.) ; 
 ill front, naked figure standing 1. with 
 hands raised above head grasping fillet 
 whieh falls behind baek ; beneath Zeus's 
 r. hand, dove flying 1. ; beneath seat, g 
 
 <xi. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; border 
 
 of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with l)ack, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type IV.) ; in 
 front, figure standing 1., wearing long 
 robe which is gathered up behind -with 
 1. hand, r. being extended ; beneath seat, 
 NO 
 
 109 
 
 2G1-9 
 
 Al 1-05 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 S75 [Sicyon].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAP«Y BAZIAEHZ (title 
 
 in ex.) Zeus Aetojdioros seated 1. on 
 throne with back, his feet resting on a 
 footstool (Type V.) ; on back of tlirone, 
 two winged tigui-es of Nike ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 110 
 
 257-6 
 
 Al 1-1 
 
 
 
 in front, coi-uucopiae ; beneath seat, NO 
 
 
 
 
 
 (MiiUer, No. 877 [Sicyon].) 
 
 111 
 
 256-6 
 
 .-R 1-05 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 ex., off coin. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 stated 1. on throne with back (Type IV.); 
 on back of throne, two figures of Nike ; 
 in front, Pallas Proniachos 1.; beneath 
 seat, EY 
 
 112 
 
 261-2 
 
 /R 1-1 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 1^78 [Sicyou].) 
 
 113 
 
 262-6 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type V.): 
 in front, dolphin 1., downwards ; beneath 
 seat, NO; Ijoi-der of dots. 
 
 V.XI. 11.] 
 
 114 
 
 263-2 
 
 Al 12 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Mailer, No. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on (hrone with back (Type V.); 
 in front, f^d crescent with horns 1., 
 and ^ ; beneath seat, f^ 
 
 920 [ Sigeum].) 
 
 K K 2 
 
308 
 
 Kings of macedon 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 115 
 
 262-6 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 Siniilai' type. 
 
 
 AAEEANAP«Y Zeus Aetoplioros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type VI.) ; 
 ill front, gritiiu seated 1. on base. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Mixller, No. 928 [Assus].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAPOY /^eus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type VI.); 
 in front, oinochoe, over wiiicli is bent a 
 vine-branch with leaves ami two clusters 
 of grapes. 
 
 116 
 
 253-8 
 
 yR 1-35 
 
 
 
 beside symbol, pS] £ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 956 [Temnos].) 
 
 117 
 
 242-6 
 
 Al 14 
 
 
 
 beside symbol, [^ ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Mullcr, No. 959 [Temnos].) 
 
 118 
 
 253-4 
 
 yR 1-35 
 
 
 
 beside symbol, /^ ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Muller, No. 961 [Temuos].) 
 
 119 
 
 249-7 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 
 beside symbol, EXcNI- beneath seat, 
 TEI KOZ ' 
 TAZ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Muller, No. 966 [Temnos].) 
 
 120 
 
 248-4 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 as preceding ; but ^^^ !^ ' 
 KoX 
 
 [AA]EZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on thiijne without back (Type 
 VI. or Vll.V); in front, lyre and ^ 
 
 121 
 
 26U-1 
 
 Al 1-35 
 
 
 (Cf. Muller, No. 
 
 974 [Mytilene].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetoi)horos 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type VI.); 
 in front, female head, turreted, 1., and 
 
 122 
 
 257-3 
 
 Al 1-4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Muller, No. 993 [Smyrna]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XXI.. 12.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type; in 
 
 123 
 
 262 -4 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, Nl 
 
 front, ML , and griffin seated r. with 
 1. fore-paw raised. 
 
 . 1006 [Teos].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 300 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12J. 
 
 12^ 
 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 
 129 
 130 
 
 131 
 
 2601 
 
 255-5 
 
 2G'±-3 
 
 259-5 
 
 265-9 
 
 263-5 
 262-4 
 
 253- 
 
 Jl 1-25 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 Jl 1-15 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 Al 1-1 
 
 M 115 
 /R 115 
 
 .R 1-4 
 
 Siiiiilur. 
 
 Siiuilai'. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similai 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type; in 
 
 front, "'^. trident 1., and TTPI 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1031 [Priene].) 
 
 [Plate xxi. 13.] 
 
 AAEEANAPY (.»i'<-) Similar type; in 
 front, lion standing 1. with star above, 
 
 and hpl ; behind, ^ and |\/£ ; lioi-der 
 
 of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1047 [Miletus]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeut, Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with l)ack, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type VI. V); in 
 front, f*l ; border of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1055 [Miletus].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type 
 VI.). 
 
 in front, c\ah downwai-ds ; beneath seat, 
 
 APr 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1062 [Heraclea].) 
 
 Similar; in ex., maeander pattern. 
 
 in front, ^^ and horse prancing r. 
 (Miiller, No. 1070 [Magnesia].) 
 
 (footstool) ; in front, ^ 
 
 front, fSJ, and l)^ 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type VI.) ; in 
 ' front, Po, and amphora lying on its 
 side surmounted by sphinx seated 1. 
 with r. foi-e-paw i-aised. 
 
 beneath, ANTI<t>nN ; no ex. line. 
 (Miiller, No. 1110 [Chios].) 
 
310 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 WEIGHT 
 
 Metal 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Keveese 
 
 132 
 
 I. S3 
 
 l.U 
 
 135 
 
 13(J 
 
 137 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 140 
 
 258-3 
 
 2613 
 
 263-8 
 
 253-7 
 
 252-4 
 
 247-2 
 
 248- 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 .11 1-3 
 
 Al 11 
 
 Al 1-35 
 Al 1-15 
 
 R 11 
 .11 1-1 
 
 265-9 yll 1-3 
 
 254- 
 
 Al 1-15 
 
 Siiiiilar. 
 
 Siiiiihir ; but throne witliout back, and no 
 footstool : IZ and • in inscr. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ! ill ex., KPATUN 
 (Miiller, No. 1H9 [Chios].) 
 
 Similar; but without P* 
 
 in ex., MENEKPATHZ 
 [Plate xxi. 14.] 
 
 , AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with b.ick, his feet 
 resting <ni a footstool (Type V.); in 
 front, bipeunis ; border of dots. 
 
 (Muller, No. 1128 [Caria].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type 
 VI.) ; in front, Pegasos prancing 1. 
 
 ' beneath seat, A 
 (Muller, No. 1144 [Alabauda].) 
 
 I beneath seat, A ; beneath Pegasos, A 
 
 Similar tyjje ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEiANAPoY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 V. or VI. V) ; in front, tripod - lebes ; 
 beneath seat, B 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Cf. Muller, No. 1151 [Cnidus].) 
 
 countermark, anchor within oljlong incuse ; 
 (Z in inscr.). 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type 
 VI.) ; in front, i-ose ; beneath' seat, PO ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 , above symbol,. AINHTIlP 
 (Muller, No. 1160 [Uhodes]. A i)ierced coin.) 
 
 A|0<1)ANHS (footstool). 
 (Miiller, No. 1161 [Rhodes].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 311 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 141 
 
 142 
 
 259-8 
 
 255-1 
 
 143 i 251- 
 
 144 
 
 257-6 
 
 145 i 256-5 
 
 146 
 
 241-9 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 JR 1-25 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 1-3 
 Al 1-25 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 147 
 
 260-1 
 
 148 241 •() 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 .11 1-25 
 
 149 258- M 1-3 
 
 150 
 
 151 
 
 152 
 
 153 
 
 154 
 
 253-6 
 
 260-7 
 
 246-4 
 
 264- 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type ; but 
 throne without back. 
 
 in front, E and <|> ; beneath seat, O ; 
 I (H in inscr.). 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1183 [Philomelium].) 
 
 in front, <t> and H 
 
 Similar, 
 (border of dots.) 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 .R 105 
 
 /R 1-2 
 
 257-8 .'R l-2r 
 
 Similar 
 
 (countei-niark, anchor within oblong I and <|> 
 incuse.) 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 11H4 [Philomelium].) 
 IE aud <|> 
 
 1 1 and <t> 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1187 [Philomelium].) 
 j <t> and KE 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1193 [Philomelium].) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in front, AZ and H 
 (Miiller, No. 1202 [Aspendus].) 
 
 AZ and IB 
 
 (A bri)keu coin.) 
 
 AZ and 11 (i in inscr.) 
 (Muller, No. 1209 [Aspemlus].) 
 AZ and lO 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1210 [Aspemlus].) 
 
 Similar, with i in inscr. 
 
 in front, I 
 (Miiller, No. 1226 [Sillyum].) 
 
 KB (Z in inscr.) 
 (Miiller, No. 1238 [Sillyum].) 
 
 Kr (Z in inscr.) 
 (Muller, No. 1239 [Sillyum].) 
 
 KA 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1240 [Sillyum].) 
 
312 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 155 
 
 259-1 
 
 156 
 
 251-3 
 
 157 
 
 265-3 
 
 158 
 
 261-9 
 
 15!) 
 
 264-7 
 
 160 
 
 264-7 
 
 161 
 
 263-3 
 
 162 
 
 263-2 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 .-R 1-25 
 
 M 11 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 11 
 
 .'R 1-05 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1- 
 
 bordei' of dots. 
 
 KE 
 
 ' (Miiller, No. 1241 [Sillyum],) 
 
 AB 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1240 [Sillyum].) 
 
 Similar type ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY BASIAEflZ (title 
 ill ex.) Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on 
 throne with back, his feet resting on a 
 footstool (Type IV.) ; in front, M ; 
 beneath seat, AY ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1272 [Lycia].) 
 
 AAEIANAP»Y Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on tlu'one without back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type II.) ; boz'der 
 of dots. 
 
 in front, plough ; beneath seat, O 
 (Miiller, No. 1284 [Cilicia].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar. 
 
 in front, strung bow. 
 (Muller, No. 1287 [Ciliciii].) 
 
 AAE5ANAP0Y BAZIAEflZ (title 
 beneath) Similai' type ; in front, "]< ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 no ex. line. 
 (Miiller, No. 1294 [Cilicia].) 
 
 AAEZANAPO[Y] BAZIAEnZ 
 
 (title in e.\.) Similar ; but Type IV. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1294 [Cilicia].) 
 
 [A]AESANAP0Y Zeus Aetophoi'os 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type II.) ; in front, 
 <^ ; beneath seat, /^ ; border of dots. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1316 [Mallus].) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 313 
 
 No. 
 
 163 
 
 164 
 
 165 
 
 166 
 
 167 
 
 IGii 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 258-7 
 
 264-9 
 
 262-8 
 
 264-6 
 
 257-7 
 
 Al -95 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 Al -95 
 
 Al 1-05 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 1G8 24') -7 Al 1-1 
 
 259-6 /R 1- 
 
 SimiliU". 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY BA^IAEXl^ (title 
 
 j ill ex.j Zeus Aetu[)lioi-(>s seated J. on 
 
 i throue with back (Type IV.) ; in trout, 
 
 § ; beneath seat, P ; border of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1326 [Soli].) 
 
 AAEBEANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on footstool (Type II.) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front, scorpion; beneath seat, yv^ 
 (Miiller, No. 1337 [Commagene].) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar ; but no footstool. 
 
 in front, forepart of ram r. ; beneath seat, 
 
 AA 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1338 [Damascus].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY BA^IAEXIS (title 
 
 in ex.) Zeus Aet()[ilioros seated 1. on 
 throne with back (Type 111.) ; in front, 
 caduceus upi'ight ; beneatli seat, ^ ; 
 plain border. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1370 [Aradus].) 
 [Plate xxi. 15.] 
 
 Similar type ; border of tlots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 j seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 1 feet resting on footstool (Type IV.) ; 
 j in fi'ont, /^ ; border of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1375 [Aradus].) 
 
 A A EH AN .... Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without liack (Type 
 V.) ; in front, palm-tree ; beneath seat, 
 A ; ill ex., H 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1388 [Aradus].) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A A E H A N A PO[Y] Zeus Aetophoros 
 seateil 1. on tluoiie without back (Ty[)e 
 11.) ; in front, yo ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 (Muller, No. 1427 [Ace]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 S S 
 
314 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 170* 
 
 171 
 
 172 
 
 173 
 
 174 
 
 175 
 
 176 
 177 
 
 2G1-8 
 
 265- 
 
 260-9 
 
 2G4-5 A\ 11 
 
 249-7 
 
 261 -'J 
 
 259 -G 
 261-1 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 Al 105 
 
 /ll -95 
 
 Siiiiiliir. 
 
 (iKi liortk'i'.) 
 
 /R 105 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A\ 11 
 
 Similar. 
 
 /R 1-15 
 
 M I- 
 
 Similai'. 
 
 no bui-der visible. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 AAEIANAPOY y^eus Aetoplioros 
 Heated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on footstool (Type IV.) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front, HI [= year 3], and yo (inscr. 
 reads AAEEANAPoY) ' 
 
 in front, yo, and || ||i |||0 [= year 
 
 28] ; beneath seat, ^V 
 
 in front, *" "~ 
 
 [=; year 30] and yo 
 
 in front, I "~ ~ [= year 31] and yo (i 
 doubtful). 
 
 (Cf. MiilkT, Nus. 1430 ff. [Ace].) 
 
 AAEiAN APOY Zeus Aetoplioros 
 
 seated 1. on throno without back, his 
 feet i-estiug on a footstool (Type IV.) ; 
 in front, X^ ; border of dots. 
 
 (Cf. Miillcr, No. 14G7 [Soziisa].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetoplioros 
 seated 1. on throne with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type 111.) ; in 
 front, crested helmet r. ; beneath seat, 
 AZ ; border of dots. 
 
 (Mullor, No. 1472 [Ascaloii].) 
 
 AAEIANAPoYBA^IAEnS (title 
 
 beneailij. Simihii- ty])e; in front, 
 anchor and P* ; no ex. line; border of 
 dots. 
 
 beneath seat, £ 
 (Miiller, No. 1496 [Seleucid].) 
 
 K ; no border visible. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1498 [Seleucid].) 
 
 * Tiie following- four tetradraclims, which bear, in Phoeuiciau characters, the name of the 
 issuing- town, Ace (Acre), are dated according to tlie Seleucid era, which begins in 312 B.C. They 
 belong, therefore, to the years 310, 285, 283, and 282, if the dates (which are obscure) arc 
 correctly read. 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 315 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 178 
 
 170 
 
 180 
 181 
 
 182 
 18; J 
 
 184 
 
 185 
 
 18(; 
 
 202- 
 
 263v! 
 2(31 ■!» 
 
 2(;i- 
 
 263-7 
 
 2(;(>5 
 
 267-3 
 
 260-4 
 
 M 1 05 
 
 263-2 .R 1-1 
 
 M 1-2 
 Al 105 
 
 A\ 1-1 
 Al 1-1 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 M 115 
 
 Al 1-5 
 
 SimilaT, 
 
 iSiinilar. 
 
 Siniiliii-. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY BA^IAEHS (title 
 in ex.) Zeus Aetoplioi'os seated 1. on 
 throne with back, resting- his feet on a 
 footstool (Type IV.) ; in fi'ont, anchor 
 antl I^ ; Ijeneatli seat, P ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 (MiiUer, No. 1504 [Seleucirl].) 
 
 AAEZ A N A POY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on (luone without back (Type 
 V.) ; in iVont, linncli of o-rapes. 
 
 in front, "^ ; Iteneath seat, 
 (Muller, No. 152) [Uncertain].) 
 
 in fi'ont, ^ ; no ex. line. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 152i [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar; ))ut tlirone has back. 
 
 in front, X 
 
 in front, P^ ; lieneath seat, £ 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated ]. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type V.) ; 
 in front, ^^ 
 
 boi'der of dots. 
 (Miiller, No. 15G7 [Uncertain].) 
 
 beneath seat, J^ ; no Imrder. and no ex. 
 line; « in inscr. 
 (Miiller, No. 1569 [Uncertain].) 
 
 [Plate xxii. 1.] 
 
 AAEEAN AP • [Y] Zens Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type IV.) ; in 
 front, EY ; border of dots. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1575 [Uncertain].) 
 
 S S 2 
 
316 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weigift 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 187 
 
 188 
 
 189 
 
 190 
 
 191 
 
 192 
 
 254-5 
 
 258-6 
 
 2(;5-3 
 
 245-5 
 
 264-7 
 
 193 260- 
 
 .11 1-1 
 
 M 1-2.^ 
 
 M 1- 
 
 ^l 11 
 
 261- Ml- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 /R 1-15 
 
 Similiii" t.ype. 
 
 AAEj-ANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 BASIAEHS seated 1. on tin-one 
 
 wif.liout back (TypeV.) ; in front. ^J-l 
 
 (Miillor, No. Ifi(32 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with back (Type 
 VI.) ; in front, N 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1664 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Siinihir type. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on tlu'one without back (Type 
 II.) ; in front, uncertain s^-mbol (or 
 letter ?) ; beneath seat, ^ ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 [Plate xxii. 2.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type : border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAP«Y Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; in 
 front, trident upwards. 
 
 [A]AEZANAP*Y Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 IV.); beneath seat, poppy-head?; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxn. 3.] 
 
 Similai- type. 
 
 AAEZANAP«Y Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back (^Type 
 IV.) ; in front, wreath ; beneath seat, 
 star of eight rays ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxrr. 4.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEEAMAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, hie 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type IV. ?) ; 
 in front, ^|^ ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxii. 5.] 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 317 
 
 No. 
 
 194 
 
 195 
 
 196 
 
 197 
 
 Weight 
 
 247- 
 
 258-9 
 
 260-1 
 
 260- 
 
 198 
 
 199 
 
 20U 
 
 259-5 
 
 260-5 
 
 201 
 202 
 
 261-4 
 
 253-3 
 
 Metal 
 Stze 
 
 .'R 11 
 
 base 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 A\ 11 5 
 
 255-4 .R 1-15 
 
 Obverse 
 
 .R 115 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 Al 1-2 
 .R 1-2 
 
 Similar type ; hin'der of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type; no 
 
 foolstool ; throne lias back ; in front, 
 dolphin 1. downwards ; beneath seat, 
 ^ ? ; in ex., star of eight rays ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 (No. 194 is pierced.) 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting- on a footstool (Type V.) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front, head and neck of griffin r., and 
 Al 
 
 [Plate xxii. 6.] 
 
 Similar ; without footstool, or border, 
 in front, ip ; beneath seat, f^ 
 
 Similar ; with footstool, 
 in front, ^Ji( 
 
 [A]AEIANA[POY] Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on tlirone with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type V.). 
 
 in front, ^ , and uncertain symbol. 
 
 AAEZAMAPOY Similar; but Type 
 VI. ; in front, f4*1 ; beneath seat, |^ ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type; but 
 throne has no back ; in front, 5s 
 
 A A E I A N A PO Y Sim i lar type ; but 
 throne has back ; in front, sphinx seated 
 ]., with r. forepaw raised. 
 
 above sphinx, 7^ ; beneath seat, ^ 
 [PrjATE XXIf. 7.] 
 
 above sphinx, /^ ; beneath seat, A ; Z in 
 
318 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 203 
 
 260-9 
 
 /R 115 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEZIAPOY (s/V) Zeus Aetopboros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 VII.); in front, ^ and /\^ ; in ex., 
 uncertain letters ; border of dots. 
 
 2(H 
 
 239- 
 
 /R 115 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate 
 Bai'bai'ous imitation of above type. 
 
 A A EE AN N APO Y {sir) Similar type ; 
 in front, deer standing 1., beneath 
 which, AA : doulile border of dots. 
 
 XXII. 8.] 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 205 
 
 203-3 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 
 
 206 
 
 203-5 
 
 .R 1-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 D i d r a c h m * 
 
 
 
 
 Head of yoang Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEIANAROY Zeus Actophoros 
 seated 1. on throne with back, his feet 
 resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 207 
 
 132-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in front, A\ ; beneath seat, |^ 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 67-1 [Macedniiia, Thrace, and Thessaly].) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxii. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on thx'one without back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 208 
 
 66- 
 
 M -65 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, thunderbolt ; beneath seat, [^ 
 11 [Pella].) 
 
 209 
 
 62-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 * Strictly speaking, the classification of Typ 
 tetradrachms. It is here partially extended to 
 description. 
 
 A A EZA N A[ ROY] Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 IV.) ; in iVont, racing torch ; beneath 
 seat, A ; border of dots. 
 
 31 [AmjjhipoHs].) 
 
 es given on p. 299 (footnote) applies only to the 
 the smaller denominations in order to facilitate 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 319 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Ubvkkse 
 
 Kevebse 
 
 210 
 
 211 
 
 212 
 
 21:j 
 
 214 
 
 215 
 
 21(3 
 
 J17 
 
 21S 
 
 21! 
 
 64-6 
 
 62-1 
 
 64-6 
 
 G3-5 
 
 64-4 
 
 G5-5 
 
 63-1 
 
 (Jl- 
 
 62-9 
 
 G4-2 
 
 /R -65 
 
 M -7 
 
 ^R -65 
 
 Al 
 
 Al 7 
 
 M - 
 
 M -7 
 
 /R -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 .R 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similcir type ; boitler of cluts. 
 
 AAEIANAPO[Y] Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 st'iitetl 1. <iii tliroue Avitli back (Type 
 III.) ; in front, I'acing torch ; beueatli 
 seat, traces of letters ; border, doubtful. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar tyjje; but 
 throne has no back ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 in front, rose and N< 
 (MiUler, No. 133 [Traelium].) 
 
 I Similar, with footstool. 
 
 I in front, l-f- ; behind, club downwards. 
 (Muller, No. 140 [Heraclea Siutica].) 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type IV.). 
 
 in front, head of Zeus Amnion r. ; beneath 
 seat, ivy- leaf. 
 
 (Muller, No. 189 [Aphytis].) 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar (J doubtful), 
 in front, j-P 
 (Muller, No. 220 [Herauleuni].) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEHANAPOY Similar type; n 
 
 front, lyi'e. 
 
 (P omitted in inscr.) 
 
 (Muller, No. 240 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 beneath seat, A 
 (Miiller, No. 241 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 beneath seat, B 
 (Muller, No. 242 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAEHANAPOY Similar type; be- 
 neath seat, ivy-leaf. 
 
 ill front, IVE 
 (Miiller, No. 252 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 ryi 
 
 (Miiller, No. 2.")1 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
320 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 220 
 
 221 
 
 223 
 
 224 
 
 22.^ 
 
 226 
 
 227 
 
 228 
 
 229 
 
 230 
 
 231 
 
 Weigut 
 
 66-2 
 
 (;7-;! 
 
 G9-7 
 
 62-7 
 
 63- 
 
 64-5 
 
 64-4 
 
 G5-4 
 
 65- 5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 M -65 
 
 /R -(55 
 
 222 G3-5 Al -7 
 
 /R 7 
 
 Al -7 
 
 Al -7 
 
 .R -7 
 
 M -GS 
 
 /R -65 
 
 56-8 ^l -7 
 
 65-G ^ -65 
 
 M 7 
 
 Siiuihir typi' ; border uf dots. 
 
 Simil 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 AAEHANAPOY Similar type; in 
 
 front, ci'escent with liorus 1. ; plain 
 boi'dei'. 
 
 beneath seat, P 
 (Miiller, No. 262 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 I beneath crescent, 7"* ; beneath seat, P 
 I 
 (Miiller, No. 264 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 beneath seat, 'K 
 (Miiller, No. 273 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 Similar ; beneath seat, crescent with 
 horns 1. 
 
 in front, K 
 (Miiller, No. 274 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 in front, [^ 
 
 (Miiller, No. 275 [Uncertain of Macedonia].) 
 
 AAEiANAPoY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Type 
 III.) ; in fi'ont, \-^ ; beneath seat, 
 ram's head 1. 
 
 (Of. Miiller, No. 299 [Samothrace].) 
 
 I 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type IV.) ; 
 behind, spear-head. 
 
 in front, tish u])right. 
 (Miiller, No. 315 [Cardia].) 
 
 in front, fish upright. 
 (No. 227 is pierced.) 
 
 in front, stai' of eight rays. 
 (Miiller, No. 317 [Cardia].) 
 
 beneath seat, star of eight rajs. 
 (Miiller, No. 318 [Cardia].) 
 
 in front, caduceus upiight. 
 (Miiller, No. 319 [Cardia].) 
 
 iu front, bee 1. ; Ijorder of dots. 
 (Miiller, No. 322 [Cardia].) 
 
ALEXANDP]R TllK GREAT 
 
 321 
 
 No, 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 282 
 
 63-4 
 
 .R 65 
 
 iSimilar type. 
 
 (Midler, No. 
 
 [A]AEEANAPOY Similar type; in 
 front, lion r., looking backwards ; 
 beneath seat, ivy-leaf. 
 
 327 [Cardia].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 boixler of dots. • 
 
 AAEEANAP»Y Similar type. 
 
 233 
 
 G4-2 
 
 /R -G 
 
 
 
 (inscr. mostly off coin) ; in front, B, and 
 lion's head 1. ; beneath seat, H 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 337 [Cardia].) 
 
 234 
 
 61' 
 
 Al -65 
 
 
 ill front,, crescent « itli horns 1., and lion's 
 head 1. ; beneath seat, P 
 
 (Miiller, No. 338 [Cardia].) 
 
 235 
 
 65-9 
 
 Al 65 
 
 
 
 in front, lion's head 1., and (|) ; beneath 
 seat, pentagram. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 343 [Cardia].) 
 
 236 
 
 641 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, forepart of lion l.,and 0; beneath 
 seat, pentagram ; plain border. 
 
 357 [Cardia].) 
 
 237 
 
 oU-8 
 
 .11 G5 
 
 Siiuilai- type. 
 
 (Miiller, No. b 
 
 AAEZAN[AP»Y] Similar type; in 
 front, bee 1. ; beneath seat, A 
 
 16 [Mehtaea].) 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 [AJAEIANAP.rV] Similar type, 
 without footslool ; in front. A within 
 wreath, and B ; beneath seat, A 
 
 ' 1 * 
 
 238 
 
 64-5 
 
 Ai 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 555 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 239 
 
 61-8 
 
 .R -7 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 
 Similar; but witli J in iii.scr. ; in fj'ont, 
 amjihora ; beneath seat, |\/E 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. COO [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similai'. 
 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne withotat back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; 
 in front, forepart of Pegasos 1. ; plain 
 border. 
 
 240 
 
 G.5-5 
 
 Al -65 
 
 
 
 in front, ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 608 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 241 
 
 G2-3 
 
 ^l -65 
 
 
 beneath seat, J^ ; Ijorder not visible. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 610 [Uncc 
 
 rtain of N. Greece].) ,' 
 
 '[• T 
 
niDR 
 
 322 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Heverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aeiophorori 
 seated 1. on throue without back (Tyjje 
 IV.) ; in front, forepart of Pegasos 
 upwards ; ])lain bordei-. 
 
 242 
 
 51-3 
 
 Al (35 
 
 
 
 Ijeneath seat, fvj 
 
 
 
 
 
 (MiiUer, No. G12 [Uiifortain of N. Urcece].) 
 
 243 
 
 64'5 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 
 beneath seat. Artemis running 1., holding 
 long torch ; no border visible. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (MuUor, No. Gl-4 [Uia-ortain of N. Greece].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar tyjie, with 
 footstooL 
 
 244 
 
 63-2 
 
 Al -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Miillcr, No. 628 [Uiic 
 
 ill front, curled snake; beneath seat, Al 
 ertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar; in front, 
 mouse 1'. 
 
 245 
 
 62-7 
 
 yR -65 
 
 (border of dot 
 
 s.) 
 
 (border of dots.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miillcr, No. Go4- [Uncertain of N. Cireece].) 
 
 246 
 
 62-5 
 
 JR -7 
 
 
 
 beneath mouse, ~T^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. Go6 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 247 
 
 62-4 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 • 
 
 beneath seat, |y£ 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 657 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 \n. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY (in mhiute letters) 
 
 248 
 
 Gl-G 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 Similar type, without footstool ; . in 
 front, PI ; border of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (MuUer, No. 763 [Uncertain].) 
 
 
 
 
 
 [PL.vrE y, 
 
 XII. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type. 
 
 249 
 
 56-4 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 in front, Fl and P (Z in inscr.j 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 765 [Uncertain].) 
 
 250 
 
 65-4 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 7( 
 
 in front, Kn ; beneath seat, r 
 J6 [Uncertain].) 
 
ALPJXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 323 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 ! 
 
 Reverse 
 
 251 
 
 63 G 
 
 .R -7 
 
 
 
 in front, Ai ; beneath seat, A 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller. No. 7S:i [Uncertain].) 
 
 252 
 
 61- 
 
 Al -6 
 
 
 in front, [^ ; heneatli seat, /^ ; be- 
 hind, B 
 
 (Miillpi-, No. 785 [Uncertain].) 
 
 253 
 
 68 1 
 
 .R -65 
 
 (no hoTfler visilile.) 
 
 
 in front, [^ ; beneath seat, [XI 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 790 [Uncertain].) 
 
 254 
 
 61- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Similar. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, ^ ; beneath seat, A ; he- 
 hind, 
 792 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar, with footstool. 
 
 255 
 
 64-7 
 
 .R -GS 
 
 
 
 in fror.t, -p. ; lieneath seat, P 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller. No. 795 [Uncertain].) 
 
 256 
 
 63-9 
 
 .R -7 
 
 
 
 in front, |^ ; beneath seat, <|> 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 808 [Uncertain].) 
 
 257 
 
 65- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 in front, Kl ; beneath seat, |\/£ ; (Type 
 III. ; no footstool ; Z in inscr.). 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 821 [Uncertain].) 
 
 258 
 
 61-5 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 
 in front, Kl ; beneath seat, |\J 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, N.i. 823 [Uncertain].) 
 
 259 
 
 6(1-7 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in front, EAI ; beneath seat, AA 
 (Miiller, No. 833 [Uncertain].) 
 
 
 
 
 Siniilai' type. 
 
 
 AAEIANA . . . Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; 
 in front, male figure, three-quarter face 
 towards 1., wearing helmet, and carrying 
 shield on 1. arm ; beneath seat, 3; 
 
 2r.o 
 
 64-9 
 
 yR -65 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. ! 
 
 )03 [Aptera].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; border of ck 
 
 )ts. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on tin-one without back (Type 
 IV.). 
 
 261 
 
 65-8 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1( 
 
 in front, AfA 
 )57 [Miletus].) 
 
 T T -1 
 
824 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metat, 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 262 
 
 263 
 
 264 
 
 265 
 
 26G 
 
 267 
 
 268 
 
 269 
 
 270 
 
 62-8 
 
 64-7 
 
 62-7 
 
 64-4 
 
 68-8 
 
 63-6 
 
 /R -7 
 
 M -er, 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 /R -7 
 
 /R -7 
 
 /R -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 yR '7 border not visible. 
 
 Similar type, 
 border of dots ? 
 
 plain border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in front, @^ ; J)eneath seat, bipennis. 
 (Miiller, No. 1139 [Carin]. A pioreed coin.) 
 
 AAEZANAPoY BASIAEH^ (title 
 
 in ex.) Zens Aetoplioros seated 1. on 
 throne with back (Type III.); lieneath 
 throne, /\ ; plain boi'der. 
 
 in fi'ont, § 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1364 [Araclns].) 
 
 [Plate xxii. 12.] 
 
 in front, X 
 (Miiller, No. 1371 [Aradus].) 
 
 Similar ; but Tyjie IV. ; no monogr. 
 beneath seat ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, A and anchor ; beneath seat, P 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1,511 [Seleiicid].) 
 
 A A EHA N APOY Similar type ; but 
 
 throne has no back ; footstool ; in 
 
 front, $ 
 
 beneath seat, Ay4 
 (Miiller, No. 1003 [Uncertain].) 
 
 beneath seat, 3^ 
 (Miiller, No. 1605 [Uncertain].) 
 
 beneath seat, ^ 
 (Miiller, No. 1607 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar ; but in front. |yi 
 
 beneath .seat, I 
 (Miiller, No. 1618 [Uncertain].) 
 
 beneath seat, Jl 
 (Miiller, No. 1621 [Uncertain]. A pierced coin.) 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 325 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevkr.se 
 
 
 
 
 Similar tyjie. 
 
 Similar ; but in froiit^ \Yf 
 
 271 
 
 62-9 
 
 .R -75 
 
 
 beneath seat, ^ 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1625 [Uncertain].) 
 
 272 
 
 66-8 
 
 M -05 
 
 Simiiai' type ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 I 
 
 Similar ; but in front, /^ 
 
 278 
 
 62-1 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, Nn. 1657 [Uncertain].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but in front, N 
 
 274 
 
 66-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1664 [Uncertain].) 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but in fi'ont, € 
 
 275 
 
 64- 
 
 Al -6 
 
 (Miiller, No. 166 
 Similar type. 
 
 beneath seat, N 
 8 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar ; but in front, |-f" 
 
 27(; 
 
 08-6 
 
 /R -7 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 1 
 Similar. 
 
 beneath seat, "jV^ 
 676 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Similar ; but in front, p| ; no footstool. 
 
 277 
 
 6,3-S 
 
 .R -7 
 
 (Miiller, No. 167 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath seat, 
 8 [Uncertain].) 
 
 AAEHANAPOY Similar type. 
 
 278 
 
 GO- 7 
 
 A\ -7 
 
 
 in front, O E 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 1693 [Uncertain].) . | 
 
 279 
 
 58-8 
 
 /R -7 
 
 no border visible. 
 
 beneath seat, O E ; border of dots. 
 
32<5 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 280 
 
 281 
 
 282 
 
 283 
 284 
 
 28r) 
 
 286 
 
 Weight 
 
 r,3-7 
 
 6(\-r> 
 
 62-3 
 no -2 
 63 '3 
 
 64-5 
 
 Metai, 
 
 Size 
 
 64-8 .R -7 
 
 287 
 
 288 
 
 61- 
 
 64-4 
 
 M 
 
 M -60 
 
 JR -7 
 Al -65 
 .R -7 
 
 M 
 
 Al -65 
 
 /R -7 
 
 OnVERSE 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Siiiiilar +y]>e. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; border of clots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Zeus Aeto])lioros 
 
 seated 1. on throne witliout back, his 
 feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) ; 
 in front, ginfRn seated 1.. with r. fore- 
 ]iaw raised ; beneath seat.. ^ 
 
 [Plate xxii. 13.] 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Zens Aetophorns 
 
 seated 1. on throne without l)ack (Type 
 
 rv.). 
 
 in fi'ont. A 
 
 Similar, with footstool. 
 
 in front, ^i^, and pi'ow 1. 
 [Plate xxii. 14.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in front, |^ ; beneath sent, (j^ 
 
 in front, fTJ ; beneath seat, PY V 
 
 in front, head of lion 1.. and E ; beneath 
 seat, A 
 
 Similar, without footstool. 
 
 in front, wreath? ; beneath seat, KH 
 [Plate xxii. 15.] 
 
 Similai', with footstool. 
 
 in front, crescent with horns downwards ; 
 beneath seat, hJ^ 
 
 in front, lion (oi- panther V) springincp 1. ; 
 beneath sent, A within wreath. 
 
 [Plate xxii. 16.] 
 
ALEXANDKR THE GREAT 
 
 327 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Triobols 
 
 
 
 
 Head of J ouiig Hwiikles r., weiuiiig lion's 
 skill ; border of dots. 
 
 [A]AEIANAPO[YJ BA5IAEn[S] 
 
 (title beiieatlij Zeus Aetoplionjs seated 
 1. on tlirone with back, his feet resting 
 on a footstool (Type IV.) ; no ex. line ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 •Jsy 
 
 ;jO-7 
 
 .R -55 
 
 
 in front. [A\] ; beneath seat, AY 
 
 •290 
 
 31-3 
 
 ^l -5 
 
 (MuUor, Nu. 127i [Lycia]. ^ 
 Siniihir. 
 
 as jireceding ; title, off eoin. 
 OS. 289 uud 2J0 ure pierced.) 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Zeus Aetophoros 
 seated 1. on throne without back (Tyjje 
 111.) ; border of dots. 
 
 ■2[n 
 
 30-5 
 
 .R -55 
 
 
 in front, <|)| 
 
 
 
 
 (Ci'. iMuller, Nu. liTG [Ascalon]. A pierced cuiii.) 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., Avearing lion's 
 skill. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Above, dub r. ; 
 beneath, bow and ({uiver. 
 
 ■292 
 
 121- 
 
 .i: -7 
 
 
 
 29:3 
 
 129- 
 
 /E -05 
 
 Similar type ; boi'der of dots. 
 
 AAEZAA/AP[OV] Above, bow and 
 (piiver ; beneath, club 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiu. 1.] 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. ' AAEZANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 
 beneath, bow and ({iu\er. 
 
 21)4, 
 
 95-5 
 
 M 1 
 
 
 above club, thunderbolt ; (0Y> off coin). 
 
 29J 
 
 97-5 
 
 m -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 above club, trident r. ; plain border. 
 
 AAEZANAP-Y Similar ; bordei- of 
 dots. 
 
 296 
 
 109- 
 
 M -75 
 
 . 
 
 above, stai- of eight I'ays ; beneath, y 
 
328 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weiuht 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 liEVEKSE 
 
 
 
 
 Similiir ; in front, Ciiduceus. 
 
 Similai' ; above, caduceus 1. ; no border 
 visible. 
 
 297 
 
 85- 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 
 beneath, star of eight rays. 
 
 
 
 
 [Platk xxiii. 2.] 
 
 298 
 
 91- 
 
 M -7 
 
 (no l)order.) 
 
 beneath, p ; (countermark, P in incuse 
 circle) . 
 
 299 
 
 86- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type ; same border. 
 
 nothing beneath. 
 
 AAEZANAP[OY] Above, bow and 
 quiver ; beneath, club I. ; plain border. 
 
 3U0 
 
 93-5 
 
 jE -7 
 
 
 beneath club, bunch of grapes 1. 
 
 301 
 
 95- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Similar; but. liebiiid liead, <t> 
 Similar type ; boi'der duul)tful. 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 beneath, bow and quiver. 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Similar type; plain 
 bordei'. 
 
 302 
 
 112-5 
 
 M 1 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 above club, A 
 
 AAEHANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 BA^IAEnS between two lines 
 of inscr., bow and (juiver. 
 
 303 
 
 79-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type ; boixler of dots. 
 
 above club, /^ 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 beneath, bow and quiver ; plain border. 
 
 304 
 
 102- 
 
 M -(15 
 
 • 
 
 above club, H 
 
 305 
 
 85-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 above club, >E 
 
 AAEZANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 
 BA^IAEnS between two lines 
 
 of inscr., bow and 
 
 quiver ; above club, 
 
 30G 
 
 95- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 m. 
 
 307 
 
 86- 
 
 M -7 
 
 ■ 
 
 mouogi\ obscui'e. 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 329 
 
 No. 
 
 308 
 
 309 
 
 310 
 
 311 
 
 312 
 
 313 
 314 
 315 
 
 316 
 
 31^ 
 
 Weight 
 
 101-5 
 
 29-5 
 
 22- 
 
 79- 
 
 69- 
 
 102- 
 
 110-5 
 
 95- 
 
 97-5 
 
 9G- 
 
 vol.. I. 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 JE -5 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -7 
 JE -75 
 /E -75 
 
 iE -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 AAEIANAPOY Above, bow and 
 quiver ; beneath, club 1. 
 
 above bow and quiver, A ; beneath club, 
 trident i*. 
 
 A A E Between two parts of 
 
 ZANAP ' Y inscr., club r. ; beneath, 
 
 bow and quiver ; plain border. 
 
 AAET AN AROY Above, bow in case ; 
 beneath, club r. 
 
 A A EZ A N A PO Y Similar types ; but 
 club 1. 
 
 beneath club, one-handled jar 1. 
 
 Similar ; but club r. 
 beneath club, S I 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 
 beneath, bow in case ; above club, 
 bunch of grapes r. 
 
 beside symbol, A 
 
 o 
 
 
 AAEEAN[APOY] Above, bow in 
 case ; beneath, club 1. ; beneath club, 
 AA and pellet. 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Above, club r. ; 
 beneath, bow in case ; beneath bow in 
 case, E 
 
 r V 
 
.'J30 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 318 
 319 
 
 320 
 
 321 
 
 328* 
 
 329t 88- 
 
 70- 
 89-5 
 
 91- 
 
 64- 
 
 61- 
 
 m -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -6 
 
 322 
 
 57- 
 
 JE 
 
 •6 
 
 323 
 
 58- 
 
 M 
 
 •65 
 
 324 
 
 58-5 
 
 M 
 
 ■65 
 
 325 
 
 62-5 
 
 M 
 
 ■65 
 
 326 
 
 86- 
 
 M 
 
 •6 
 
 327 
 
 57- 
 
 M 
 
 ■6 
 
 M -7 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 AAEiAN APOY Above, bow in case ; 
 beneath, club 1. 
 
 beneath club, r'c. and traces of symbol. 
 
 beneath club r., /^ 
 [Plate xxiii. 3.] 
 
 AAE?ANAPO[Y] Above, club r. ; 
 beneath, bow in case. 
 
 beneath bow in case, Capricorn 1. 
 [Plate x.xiii. 4.] 
 
 Young male head r., weaiing taenia. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 [AAE] ZAN AP«[Y] Free horse 
 prancing r. 
 
 AAEEANAPOY Similar type, 
 beneath, thunderbolt, 
 i-acing torch. 
 
 dolphin r., downwards. 
 [Plate xxiii. 5.] 
 
 flat cap perpendicularly placed? 
 
 Similar. 
 
 BAZIAEDZ Horseman, -wearing 
 
 [A] A EZ A N A [ P OY] kausia, prancing 
 r. ; in field 1., bipeunis and lAI ; beneath 
 horse, f^ 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 6.] 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., -wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 B A Above, bow and quiver ; beneath, 
 club r. 
 
 beneath, thunderbolt. 
 
 * Dr. H. Gaebler points out that Nos. 303, 306, 307, 328, on all of which the royal title occurs, 
 form a group by themselves. He would attribute them to Alexander V., son of Cassander. 
 
 t Nos. 32D ff. are post-Alexandrine, and were perhaps struck dui-ing the Interval (sec p. 339). 
 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT— PHILIP HL 
 
 331 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but club 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 330 
 
 84- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 beneath, mouse r. ; border of dots. 
 
 331 
 
 89-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 beneath, "E 
 
 332 
 
 92- 
 
 M -66 
 
 
 trident r. 
 
 333 
 
 93- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 trident 1. ; (plain border). 
 
 334 
 
 93- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ivy-leaf 1. 
 
 BAXI Above, club r. ; beneath, bow 
 and quiver ; plain border. 
 
 335 
 
 103- 
 
 M -(5 
 
 [Plate 
 
 a'bove club, >£ 
 XXIII. 7.] 
 
 336 
 
 84- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 BAXIAEI2X between bow in case 1. 
 and club r. ; beneath, racing- torch. 
 
 337 
 
 88- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 countermark, head of lion r. ? 
 
 
 
 
 ^PHILIP in. (ARIDAEUS) 
 
 
 
 
 323—316 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 0/ the following, No. 9 icas struck at Babylon, prohahhj before 321 B.C.* 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Staters 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing earring, neck- 
 lace, and crested Corinthian helmet 
 adorned with running griffin ; hair in 
 formal curls. 
 
 <t>IAirr*Y Winged Nike standing 
 B AZIAEHS 1.; in 1. hand, trophy- 
 stand (or o-riiAt?'?); in outstretched r., 
 wreath ; in field 1., wheel of four 
 spokes and J^ ; in field r., A 
 
 1 
 
 131-9 
 
 N- -75 
 
 » Sec Itnlioof-Blumer, Nvm. Zeitschr., vol. x 
 Nos. 1.57, 289, 290, wliich wero struck at the s.i-m 
 
 xvii. (1895), p. fi. Cf. Alexander the Great, 
 e mint about tho same tin:o. 
 
 V V 2 
 
332 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar ; but on helmet, serpent. 
 
 <!)|AirroY Similar type. 
 
 2 
 
 130-4 
 
 N -7 
 
 (earring and necklace doubtful.) 
 
 in field 1., FfP and twisted serpent r. 
 
 3 
 
 132-2 
 
 N -7 
 
 
 in field 1., serpent-like object and ^ 
 
 4 
 
 131-8 
 
 N -8 
 
 hair loose. 
 
 as preceding, with addition of p^ in 
 field 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxrn. 8.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 <t>IAirroY BAZIAEnZ (title 
 beneath) Zeus Aetophoros seated 1., 
 with r. leg drawn back, on throne with 
 back, his feet resting on a footstool ; 
 no ex. line ; border of dots. 
 
 .5 
 
 264-6 
 
 M 11 
 
 
 in front, wheel of four spokes, and (v ; 
 beneath seat, (^ 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 5 is pierced.) 
 
 6 
 
 262-6 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 
 in front, (^ and bunch of grapes ; 
 beneath seat, I; (ex. line). 
 
 7 
 
 263- 
 
 M 105 
 
 
 (r. leg in front of 1.) ; beneath seat, A A ; 
 (no border). 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 9.] 
 
 8 
 
 252-4 
 
 .•R 1-05 
 
 
 in front, @ and ^)^ ; beneath seat, I 
 
 9 
 
 261-8 
 
 .'R 1-05 
 
 
 in front, M ; beneath seat, AY 
 
 10 
 
 263-6 
 
 A\ 1- 
 
 
 (title, off coin) ; in front, A\ ; beneath 
 seat, B 
 
 11 
 
 262 1 
 
 A\ 115 
 
 
 (r. leg in front of 1.) ; in front, 31 S 
 beneath seat, /^ 
 
 12 
 
 262-4 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 
 in front, head of Helios facing ; beneath 
 seat, KY 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., -wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 <|>IAIPnoY Zeus Aetopho]-os seated 1. 
 on throne without back, his r. leg 
 drawn back. 
 
 13 
 
 65-2 
 
 M -65 
 
 (Ko. 13 
 
 in front, star of eight rays ; beneath seat, 
 s pierced.) 
 
PHILIP III. 
 
 333 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 li 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 20 
 21 
 
 65 -2 
 
 M -65 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 yRpl.-65 
 
 65-4. 
 
 62-7 
 
 64-6 
 
 62-7 
 53-3 
 6-1-7 
 
 22 I 62-4 
 
 23 66-2 
 
 M -65 
 
 .'R -7 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 M -7 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 yR -7 
 
 24 
 
 6.5-4 
 
 .R -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; jjlain border. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar type ; plain border. 
 
 Similar, but throne has back. 
 
 in fi'ont, h4- ; beneath seat, goat's foot ? 
 
 Similar, with footstool ; throne has no 
 back ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, lyre. 
 
 Similar ; but throne has back, 
 in front, bee ; beneath seat, /i^ 
 
 <I>IAI PP OY Similar type; throne has 
 no back. 
 
 in front, serpent -like object ; beneath 
 seat, Q 
 
 in front, pomegranate. 
 
 Similar ; but in front, ^ 
 beneath seat, A 
 
 )5 n B 
 
 <l>IAIPPOY Similar type, with foot- 
 stool ; but r. leg visible in front of 1. 
 
 beneath seat, /^ 
 
 in front, )^ ; border of dots. 
 [Plate xxiii. 11.] 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type (par- 
 ticularly Miiller, xxviti., No. 79). 
 
ummamK^ 
 
 334: 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metai, 
 Size 
 
 Obverse Reverse 
 
 25 
 
 51-2 
 
 ^R-75 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type ; border 
 of clots. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above ; imitation 
 of monogr. in front, and of I beneath 
 seat. 
 
 26 
 
 49-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 26 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 27 
 
 91- 
 
 M -75 
 
 Young male head r., bound with taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 BAZIAEflZ Youth on horse prancing 
 <t>IAirroY r.; infield l.jbipennis; 
 beneath horse, j^ 
 
 
 
 
 CASSANDER 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 CassanHcr, son of Anfipnfer, diff not place Ids own name on his cjold and silver 
 currency. Instcdd lie struck in the name and with the types of Alexander. 
 
 316 — 297 B.C. 
 
 Brokze 
 
 Circa 316—306 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 KAZXAN Lion seated r. 
 APOY 
 
 1 
 
 62- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in front, EY ( ' for in inscr.) 
 
 2 
 
 55- 
 
 ^ -GS 
 
 
 traces of monogram. 
 
 3 
 
 57- 
 
 m -7 
 
 
 lYI 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 12.] 
 
 4 
 
 49-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 1 N 
 
 Cir^a 306—297 B.C. ' 
 In 306 B.C. Cassander assumed the title -of /Jao-iXev's. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur,, h.iir long. 
 
 KAZZANAP-Y Tripod-lebes with 
 BAZIAEHZ three handles. 
 
 5 
 
 93-5 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 
 in field r., *^ ; field 1., off coin. 
 
 G 
 
 91-5 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 
 in field r., star of eight rays; field 1., 
 off coin ; border of dots. 1 
 
PHILIP III.— CASSANDER 
 
 335 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 B AZ 1 A E ni. Tripod-lebes. arched 
 KAZZANA[PoY] over at the top 
 with branch of laurel. 
 
 7 
 
 96-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in field 1., f^ ; in field r., i-acing- torch. 
 
 8 
 
 90-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of young Hei-akles r., wearing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 in field 1., /^ ; in field r., traces of 
 symbol. 
 
 BAZIAEflZ Naked youth on 
 
 KAZZAN AP«Y horseback r, 
 
 crowning his horse which advances 
 
 slowly ; in front, star of eight i-ays ; 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 9 
 
 loe- 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 beneath horse, A 
 
 10 
 
 ss- 
 
 jE -7 
 
 
 ,, A ; between its fore-legs, T 
 
 11 
 
 95- 
 
 yE -75 
 
 
 >j /\ j i> >■> '■> 
 
 12 
 
 89- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 >) )i )) It yr J 
 
 (youth holds filleted palm over 1. shoulder). 
 
 13 
 
 98- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 beneath horse, <|>; between its fore- legs, Y 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Similar type; in 
 KAZZAN AP -Y front, Al; border 
 of dots. 
 
 U 
 
 96- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 beneath horse, traces of letters ? 
 
 15 
 
 96- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 beneath horse, K ; inscr. differently 
 divided. 
 
 Similar type ; in front, Al 
 
 16 
 
 78-5 
 
 yE -8 
 
 
 [BAZIAEnZ] ; beneath horse, rfl 
 KAZZA N APY 
 
 17 
 
 63- 
 
 /E -8 
 
 
 BAZI .... beneath horse, n ; 
 KAZZAN AP Y border of dots. 
 
336 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Inscr. obscure. Similar type. 
 
 18 
 
 94- 
 
 yE -8 
 
 
 title beneath ; in front, /^ ; beneath 
 horse, |^ r* 
 
 19 
 
 98- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 title above ; in front, /\/ ; beneath horse, 
 A\ ; border of dots. 
 
 B AZ 1 A EnZ Similar type ; be- 
 KAZZAN AP[OYj neath horse, O 
 
 20 
 
 93- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in front, AY ; border of dots. 
 
 21 
 
 86- 
 
 M -8 
 
 • 
 
 Head of young Henikles r.,in lion's skin; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 (BAZIAEHZ i^f^^^t j¥i 
 KAZZA NA P-Y) '" *'°'''' ' ' 
 
 ! 
 
 BAZIAEIIZ Lion prowling 1. ; 
 KAZZANAP-Y border of dots. 
 
 22 
 
 54- 
 
 yE 65 
 
 
 beneath, f^ 
 
 23 
 
 55-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 ANTIGONUS 
 
 
 
 
 306—301 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 For fhe most part Antigonus stmclc in the name and with the types of Alexander. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Stater 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, adorned with .serpent. 
 
 ANTir«N»[Y] Winged Nike stand- 
 [B]AZIAE[n£] ing three-quarter 
 face towards 1.; in 1. hand, trophy- 
 stand (or a-rvXi-i ?); in outstretched r., 
 acrostolium ; in field 1., wi'eath. 
 
 1 
 
 131-9 
 
 N -65 
 
 [PLAi't; X 
 
 acrostolium, off coin. 
 XIII. H.J i 
 
CASSANDER— DEMETRIUS POLIORCETES 
 
 337 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 DEMETRIUS POLIORCETES 
 
 
 
 
 306—283 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Demetrius PoUorcefes irasla'ng of Macedon froin 294 to 288 B.C. The types of las coins 
 
 show that he prided himself on his reputation as a naval commander. Nos. 1 — 3 etc. 
 
 prohahJij refer dircrthj to the hattle fovtjht off Ci/pnis in 306 B.C., when Demetrius, us 
 
 admiral fur his father Anti(joiiiis, annihilated the fleet of Ftolemij. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic -Attic Standard 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Prow 1., on whicli stands winged Nike L, 
 holding ti'ophy-stand (or cmiAts ?) in 1., 
 and with r. grasping h)ng trumpet which 
 slie is blowing ; border of dots. 
 
 AHMHTPIOY BA SIAEXl $ 
 
 (title beneath) Poseidon standing 1., 
 with 1. foot in advance ; he is naked but 
 for chlamys with pointed ends which 
 is twisted i-ound liis 1. arm ; in r. hand 
 lie grasps an ornamented trident, as if 
 about to strike ; bt)rdei- of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 2631 
 
 Al M 
 
 
 in field 1., tsP ; in field r., star of sixteen 
 rays. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxui. 15.] 
 
 2 
 
 262- 
 
 Ai 1-1 
 
 prow slightly vai'ied. 
 Similar ; prow varied. 
 
 in field 1., hP ; iu field r., ^ 
 
 AHMHTPIolY] BA$ lAEHS 
 
 (title beneath) Similar type ; trident 
 jilaiu ; border of dots. 
 
 3 
 
 264-4 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Head of Demetrius r., horned, wearing 
 narrow diadem ; border of dots. 
 
 in field 1., hP ; in field r., bipennis. 
 
 B An A EnZ Poseidon, naked, stand- 
 AHMHTPIOY ing 1., his r. foot 
 resting on a rock and his r. arm on his 
 r. knee ; with his 1. he leans on trident; 
 border of dots. 
 
 4 
 
 2(J6-7 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 
 in field r., ff 
 
 5 
 
 259-3 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 
 in field 1., ^ 
 
 G 
 
 264-2 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 in field 1.. >E 
 
 7 
 
 202-8 
 
 yR 1-1 
 
 
 in field 1.. >E ; in field r.. hP 
 
 X X 
 
338 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 8 
 
 262-7 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 
 
 in field 1., star of sixteen rays ; in field r., 
 A ; (no border visible). 
 
 9 
 
 270-3 
 
 JR 1-15 
 
 - 
 
 
 in field 1., -e^ ; in field r., ^ 
 
 10 
 
 263-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 same nnjnograms, in same relative posi- 
 tions, but between type and inscr. 
 
 AHMHTPlOY Poseidon, with upper 
 
 BAZIAEnZ part of his body 
 
 naked, seated 1. on a rock ; he holds in 
 
 his r. an aplustre, a:id leans with his 1. 
 
 on trident ; border of dots. 
 
 11 
 
 263-5 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 ' 
 
 
 in field 1., ^ and I ; in field r., £ 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Pf ATE XXIII. 16.] 
 
 12 
 
 258-9 
 
 Al 1-05 
 
 » 
 
 
 in field r., ^ ; on rock, /^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Nike on pi'ow, as ou Nos. 1— 3 
 dots. 
 
 ; boi'der of 
 
 AHMHTPlOY BASI AEH S 
 
 (title beneatli) Poseidon standing 1., as 
 on No. 3 ; border of dots. 
 
 13 
 
 63-4 
 
 Al -65 
 
 
 
 in field 1., A ; in field r., @) 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 13 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 Triobols 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 14 
 
 32-3 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 
 in field 1., A ; in field r., @) 
 
 15 
 
 321 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing 
 lielmet witla horn. 
 
 Corinthian 
 
 BA Prow of vessel r. ; beneath, I^ 
 
 16 
 
 49 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 53- 
 
 m -6 
 
 
 
 monogr. obscui-e. 
 
 18 
 
 38- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Simili.r ; but lielmet crested ; 
 
 no l.orn. 
 
 BA Similar type ; bcnei.th, ^ ; in field 
 r., bipeunis ; in fiold 1., aplustre. 
 
DEMETRIUS POLIORCETBS— INTERVAL 
 
 339 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 METAL 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 INTERVAL 
 
 286—277 B c. 
 
 Daring lliesr years fliere iras a continvoiis struggle for the crown of Macedon, icliich 
 
 had been seized hij Pi/rrhus of Ejiirus (circa 288 B.C.), and hut little money teas issued. 
 
 For siloer in-ohahly struck then, see under Alexander the Great, Nos. 59, 60. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Macedonian shield, ornamented with five 
 crescents, between which, stars ; in the 
 centre, thunderbolt within double circle ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 B A Macedonian helmet with double 
 crest. 
 
 1 
 
 74- 
 
 M -75 
 
 (four crescents) 
 
 beneath, E (or trident r. ?) ; plain border. 
 
 2 
 
 72- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Similar; but, in place of stars, groups of 
 five dots. 
 
 beneath, shell?; border of dots. 
 
 Similar ; Irat straps for fastening helmet 
 visible beneath ; in field r., >£ ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 3 
 
 68- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 71-5 
 
 IE -6 
 
 Similar ; but in place of thunderbolt, 
 Gorgon's head facing. 
 
 helmet varied ; beneath, pellet. 
 
 B A Macedonian helmet with double 
 crest and cheek - pieces ; in field 1., 
 caduceus. 
 
 6 
 
 53- 
 
 iB -65 
 
 
 in field r., NK 
 
 6 
 
 63-5 
 
 7E -65 
 
 
 51 )) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 17.] 
 
 7 
 
 GS- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 
 in field r., ^z 
 
 8 
 
 58- 
 
 iE -65 
 
 Similar ? 
 
 Similar; but in field 1., ear of coi'n. 
 
 9 
 
 BI- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 X X 2 
 
■■■■ 
 
 340 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ANTIGONUS GONATAS 
 
 
 
 
 277—239 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Anfiijomis Gonatas loas the son of Dcmetrlns FoUorcetes. The types of Nos. 1 and 2 
 prohahlij refer to a victory gained over the Egyptian fleet in an engageuient off" Cos 
 (265 B.C.)* The head of Pan on the Ohp. of Nos. 3—6 has hcen interpreted as an 
 allusion to the picnic that overtooJc the Gaids ichen attached by Antigonus in 277 B.C. 
 Cf. also Nos. Iff. For the type of Athena Allcis, see under Pem.a. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standai'd 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., crowned with marine 
 plant ; border of dots. 
 
 BAZIAEHS Prow ]., on projecting 
 ANTI roNOY side of which, Apollo 
 seated 1., naked, r. leg drawn back 
 behind 1. ; he holds a bow in r. 
 
 1 
 
 263-5 
 
 yR 1-25 
 
 
 beneath, f^ 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 18.] 
 
 2 
 
 263-6 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 Macedonian shield adorned with seven 
 crescents, within each of which star of 
 six rays ; in centre, within double plain 
 border, head of Pan 1., hoi-ned, with 
 pedum at shoulder, and nebris round 
 neck. 
 
 prow more ornate ; beneath, ornamented 
 trident 1., and yS^ 
 
 BAZIAEftZ Athena Alkis standing 
 ANTI roNOY 1., with 1. foot thrust 
 forward ; she wears crested helmet, aegis, 
 chiton, and chlamys with pointed ends ; 
 in r, she wields thunderbolt, wliile on 
 1. arm she has a round shield on which 
 is Gorgoneion ; in field 1., Macedonian 
 helmet with double crest and cheek- 
 pieces. 
 
 3 
 
 263-5 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 
 in field r., |-P 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiii. 19.] 
 
 4 
 
 265-6 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 
 in field r., ^ 
 
 5 
 
 263-7 
 
 Al 1-2 
 
 stars of eight rays. 
 
 in field r., XI 
 
 6 
 
 261-2 
 
 /R 1-2 
 
 )> 
 
 in field r., KT; but, instead of double 
 crest, Macedonian helmet has plume 
 rising up at. each side ; shield obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 6 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 * This is the view of Dr. Imhoof-Blumer (M 
 reign of Gonatas has also been sngsjcsted (A. J. 
 
 onnaies grecques, p. 128). An earlier date in the 
 Evans, Horsemen of Tarentum, p. 150). Mr. Head 
 
 was at one time inclined to assig'n the coins to the reign of Antigonus Doson (229 — 220 B.C.). 
 
ANTIGONUS GONATAS 
 
 341 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 OBVERi^E 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Some of the followinff hronze, and 2^ossihh/ some of the lyreceiling silrer, may helong to 
 the re'ujn of Autigouns Dosou, Hcj/hew of Gonatas (229 — 220 B.c.j. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Corin- 
 thian helmet, and necklace. 
 
 B A Pan r., erecting a trophy ; a 
 
 /H fawn-skin falls over his 1. arm ; 
 
 in field 1., Macedonian helmet with 
 
 cheek -pieces, and plume rising fi-om 
 
 either side. 
 
 7 
 
 80- 
 
 M -75 
 
 (border of dots; countermark, head of 
 Herakles ? r.) 
 
 in field r., uncertain symbol. 
 
 8 
 
 87- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in field r., star of seven rays. 
 
 9 
 
 76- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 no symbol visible in field r. 
 
 10 
 
 92- 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 beneath helmet, fi^ ; in field r., traces of 
 star ? 
 
 11 
 
 102- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in field r., star ? 
 
 B A Similar type ; but fawn-skin flies 
 /^ behind, over 1. shoulder. 
 
 12 
 
 109-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 [Plate > 
 Similar. 
 
 in field 1., <I> 
 
 CXIV. 1.] 
 
 Similar, without fawn-skin. 
 
 13 
 
 102-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 in field 1., K aud <|> 
 
 14 
 
 98- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 in field 1., <|) 
 
 
 
 
 (Workmanship rude.) 
 
 15 
 
 70-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in field 1., K 
 
 IG 
 
 30- 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 in field 1., uncertain monogram. 
 
 17 
 
 54- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in field r., T 
 
 Similar ; but Pan has serpent-like object 
 twined round 1. arm. 
 
 ]8 
 
 65- 
 
 M -65 
 
 [Pr.A'i'K > 
 
 in field r., star?; in field 1., traces of 
 symbol ? 
 
 XIV. 2.] 
 
34: 
 
 KINGS OF MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 1'.) 
 
 7.)- 
 
 JE 7 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [BAZIAEnZ] Naked rider ad- 
 ANTir ON OY vancingr., crown- 
 ing his horse ; beneath horse, pilos. 
 
 B A Similar type. 
 
 20 
 
 69-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 /in 
 
 21 
 
 59-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 63- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 Macedonian shield, adorned with seven 
 crescents, within each of which, and 
 between each pair of which, a pellet : 
 in the centre, within plain circle, ^ 
 
 BA Zl Macedonian helmet Avith double 
 crest and cheek-pieces ; in held r. , [^ 
 
 in field 1., traces of monogi-am. 
 
 23 
 
 65- 
 
 M -65 
 
 six crescents. 
 
 in field 1., INK 
 
 
 
 
 DEMETRIUS II. 
 
 
 
 
 239—229 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tilts Icing, the .sou of Anfigoniis Ooiiatas, struclc no gold or sUver in his own name. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Macedonian shield, adorned with six 
 cx-escent- shaped ornaments ; in the 
 centre, witliin plain cii'cle, |0| 
 
 BA Zl Macedonian helmet, with 
 double crest and cheek-pieces. 
 
 1 
 
 64- 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 
 in field 1., bunch of grapes ? 
 
 2 
 
 28- 
 
 ^ -6 
 
 
 bunch of gi-apes. 
 
 3 
 
 63-5 
 
 ^ '6 
 
 
 trident upwai'ds ? 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 3.] 
 
 4 
 
 62-5 
 
 iE -6 
 
 
 anchor. 
 
 5 
 
 56- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 bipennis. 
 
 6 
 
 .59- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 pellet between each pair of crescents. 
 
 pedum ? 
 
 7 
 
 15- 
 
 ^ -4 
 
 >) j> )) 
 
 no symbol. 
 
ANTIGONUS GONATAS— PHILIP V. 
 
 343 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 PHILIP V. 
 
 
 
 
 220—178 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 ritillp v., the sou of Demetrius II., came into conflict with Home. After the defeat 
 
 of Cijnoscephulae (1U7 B.C.) he was striji^ ed of all his j;osses.s/o/<s outside Macedon, 
 
 and forced to accept the suzerainty of the Eovians. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 E u b i c - A 1 1 i c Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Macedonian shield adorned with seven 
 crescents, within each of which, star 
 of eight rays ; in centi-e, within plain 
 double cii-clo, head of Philip as the 
 Jiero Perseus 1., wearing winged cap 
 of Phrygian foi-m, terminating at the 
 end in an eagle's head ; behind head, 
 harjja. 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Club v.; all within oak- 
 <l>IA!nnoY wreath. 
 
 1 
 
 256-6 
 
 Al 1-35 
 
 
 above inscr., ^ ; Iieneath, ^ and p ; 
 outside, in field 1., head of caduceus. 
 
 2 
 
 253- 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 above inscr., ^ ; lieneath, ^ and £ ; 
 outside, in field 1., star; (f in in.scr.J. 
 
 
 
 
 Didrachm 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Philip r., wearing bread diadem. 
 
 iSimilar. 
 
 o 
 
 131-3 
 
 ^l 1- 
 
 
 same symbol and same monograms as 
 No. 2. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 BucjJzK 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., bound with marine 
 plant, hair long. 
 
 B A Athena Alkis v., wearing long 
 
 <J> chiton, chlamys with pointed 
 
 ends, and cre.sted hehnet ; in her 1., 
 
 shield and two spears ; in her r. she 
 
 brandishes a thunderbolt. 
 
 4 
 
 52- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 in field r., thunderbolt. 
 
 1 
 
 1 5 
 
 65- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 in field 1-., trident ]. 
 
•su 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 B A Prow r. 
 
 6 
 
 41-5 
 
 M •;,5 
 
 
 
 in field r., star of eight i-ays. 
 
 7 
 
 32- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 
 no symbol visible. 
 
 8 
 
 188- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of Helios r., radiate. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Thunderbolt; above 
 <l>IAinnoY inscr.,^ ; all within 
 oak -wreath. 
 
 XXIV. 5.] 
 
 9 
 
 181- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 
 beneath inscr., PS^ 
 
 10 
 
 204- 
 
 M -95 
 
 • 
 
 
 beneath inscr., "]< and f^^ ; monogr. 
 above, not visible. 
 
 11 
 
 153- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of beai'del Herakles r., 
 lion's skiu. 
 
 wearing 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Harpa r. ; above inscr., 
 <l>IAinnoY /2J ; all within oak- 
 wreath. 
 
 12 
 
 111- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., weai 
 skin. 
 
 •ing lion's 
 
 B A Two goats kneeling r. 
 
 13 
 
 112- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 in field r., ear of corn, and crescent with 
 horns upwards. 
 
 14 
 
 112- 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 
 no symbols visible. 
 
 15 
 
 88- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 
 <|>| Horseman prancing r., with chlamys 
 BA flyi"g behind him ; his r. raised 
 to crown horse. 
 
 16 
 
 54- 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 Similar type. 
 Similar. 
 
 
 B A Horseman r., crowning his horse, 
 <l> 1 which advances slowly. 
 
 B A Similar. 
 <> 
 
 17 
 
 79- 
 
 J5 -65 
 
 countermark, small head (of Hel 
 
 iosV) 1. 
 
PHILIP V. 
 
 345 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Head of hero Perseus r., wearing winged 
 cap ; in front, haipa. 
 
 B A Eagle .standing facing, with wings 
 <t> spread, on thunderbolt. 
 
 18 
 
 101- 
 
 M -7 
 
 top of cap, off coin. 
 
 beneath, A 
 
 19 
 
 79-5 
 
 jE -65 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 top of cap, oif coin. 
 
 • 
 
 Similar ; cap of Phrygian form, ending in 
 head of bii-d. 
 
 [B]ASIAE n[Z] Free horse pran- 
 [<|)]IA inn«Y cingr. 
 
 B A Harpa r. ; all within oak- wreath. 
 <l> 
 
 20 
 
 43- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 (top of cap, off coin.) 
 
 
 21 
 
 49-5 
 
 JE -6 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 el- 
 
 M -65 
 
 Macedonian shield, adorned with six 
 crescents, within each of whicli a pellet, 
 and between each pair of which, three 
 pellets ; in the centre, wheel-like orna- 
 ment. 
 
 B A Club 1. 
 <1> 
 
 23 
 
 se- 
 
 M -05 
 
 Similar type ; but within each crescent, 
 star of six rays, and between each pair, 
 two pellets ; in the centre, head of hero 
 Per.seus r., wearing winged and pointed 
 cap. 
 
 B AZ 1 A EflZ Macedonian helmet with 
 <|) 1 A 1 n n Y ch eek-pieces . 
 
 24 
 
 46- 
 
 M o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 UNCERTAIN PHILIP* 
 
 1 
 
 22- 
 
 JE 5 
 
 Head of young Herakles 1., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 * The style and tlie absence of the title B 
 Philip II. 
 
 01 A 1 Thunderbolt. 
 
 rroY 
 
 XXIV. 6.] 
 
 AZIAEnZ point to an early king, probably 
 
 Y Y 
 
34G 
 
 KINGS OP MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 PERSEUS 
 
 
 
 
 178—168 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 P/»7/j)'s son, Fersetis, attempted to throio off the Boman yolce. He ions decisively 
 defeated hy Aemilius Paulus at Pydaa (1G8 B.C.), after lolilch the Macedonian 
 
 kingdom came to an end. 
 
 
 
 
 • Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 T e t r a d r a c h m s 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Perseus r., diademed. 
 
 BAZI AEflZ Eagle tnrnod towards 
 
 HEP ZEIIZ r., standing on 
 
 thunderbolt, wings open ; all within 
 
 oak-wreatli, outside of which, beneath, 
 
 plough 1. 
 
 1 
 
 235-4 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 (No. 1 is 
 
 above iuscr., <|> ; in field r., ^ ; between 
 eagle's legs, fij 
 pierced.) 
 
 2 
 
 259-5 
 
 M 1-35 
 
 
 ± 
 
 and F 
 
 t 
 
 3 
 
 256-2 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 and Ml 
 
 4 
 
 261-2 
 
 /R 1-3 
 
 Similar type; beneath, IXIIAOY 
 
 A 
 
 and N< 
 
 Similar ; but outside of wreath, beneath, 
 star ; acorns in wreath. 
 
 5 
 
 259-3 
 
 yR 1-25 
 
 
 in field r., ^ and (£j 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 Beoxze 
 
 6 
 
 113- 
 
 jE -95 
 
 Head of hero Perseiis r., -wearing winged 
 cap of Phrygian shape, the top of which 
 ends in head of a bird. 
 
 B A Eagle, facing, with open wings, 
 £P head turned towards r., stand- 
 ing on plough r. ; between eagle's legs, 
 Z ; in field 1., branch ; iu field r., traces 
 of monogi-am. 
 
PERSEUS 
 
 347 
 
 
 
 Metal 
 
 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 B A Similar type. 
 EP 
 
 7 
 
 124-5 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 Similar type ; in front, hiirpa. 
 
 in field 1., Nilce, holding palm in 1., her 
 r. outstretched. 
 
 B A Similar type ; but eagle stands 
 EP on thunderbolt. 
 
 8 
 
 97- 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 in ex., traces of letters. 
 
 9 
 
 71- 
 
 M -75 
 
 (barpa, o£E coin.) 
 
 >■> )■> 
 
 10 
 
 87- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 n H EP 
 
 11 
 
 111- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 )5 R ^i ill field, r., X 
 
 12 
 
 80- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar ; Imt harpa over shoulder. 
 
 „ HA 
 
 B A Similar type ; in ex., star of six 
 TT E rays. 
 
 13 
 
 74- 
 
 M -7 
 
 ' 
 
 
 14 
 
 79- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 E, off coin. 
 
 15 
 
 67- 
 
 M -65 
 
 no harpa ^ihible. 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 ,, i n in inscr. 
 
 B A Horseman r., crowning his 
 EP horse, which advances slowly. 
 
 16 
 
 74- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 beneath horse, ^ and ^ ; between fore- 
 legs, star. 
 
 17 
 
 59- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 beneath horse, 5l and ^ ; between fore- 
 legs, traces of letters (H ?)• 
 
 V V 2 
 
348 
 
 KINGS OP PAEONIA 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 192-3 
 
 M -95 
 
 51-8 
 
 39-3 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -05 
 
 194-2 
 
 /ll 1- 
 
 Kings of Pabonia 
 
 During the difitin-bances that took place hefore JPhllip II. had secured himself on 
 
 his throne, the I'aeonians succeeded in asserting their independence. Their earliest 
 
 king, Lykkeios, ivas succeeded by Patraus. 
 
 Silver 
 Phoenician Standard (debased) 
 
 PATRAUS 
 
 Circa 340 — 31.5 B.C. 
 
 Tetradracbm 
 
 Head of Apollo? r., laur., hair short. 
 
 riA T PAO Y Horseman in armour, 
 prancing r., striking with spear at a 
 prostrate foeman. who defends himself 
 ■with a round shield. 
 
 behind, >^^ and uncertain symbol. 
 [Plate xxiv. 8] 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Head of Apollo ? r., wearing taenia. 
 
 TATPAOY 
 
 runniuy: r. 
 
 beneath. 
 
 Foropai't of wild boar. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of abo^'e type. 
 
 AUDOLEON 
 
 Circa 315—286 B.C. 
 
 TJic following were struck hefore Andoleon's assumption of the title /Jao-iAeu's (circa 306 
 E.C.J. On his death, in 286 B.C., Paeonia fell under the sway of Lysimachns. 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Head of Pallas with hair in long curls, 
 three-quarter face towards r., wearing 
 necklace and triple - crested helmet ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AYAflAE^N T»Z Horse, bridled, 
 advancing r. ; beneath, T ; border of 
 dots. 
 
PATRAUS -AITDOLEON 
 
 349 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 191- 
 
 176-G 
 
 /R -95 
 
 M -85 
 
 46-2 
 
 42'8 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar ; arrangement of hair, and helmet, 
 varied. 
 
 AYAIIAE- N TOZ Free horse 
 
 advancing r. ; beneath, ^R ; between 
 forelegs, uncertain symbol ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 above, X 
 
 AYAXIAE NT Z 
 
 Drachms 
 
 Head of Pallas, three-quarter face towai'ds 
 1., wearing triple-crested helmet ; haii' 
 in long curls ; border of dots. 
 
 AYAXIAE- NT -Z Free horse, trot- 
 ting r. ; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, ^ 
 
 I 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 9.] 
 
 horse bridled ; rein trailing ; inscr. obscure, 
 but differently divided. 
 
 (A pierced coin. ) 
 
350 
 
 :macedon SEMI- independent 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 Macedon Semi-independent 
 
 Ch-ca 185—168 B.C. 
 
 Some time in the course of his rei{in, probahly in 185 B.C. (cf. Livy xxxix. 24), 
 
 I'hillp v., fiuh'iKj his hold over tlie Macedonians less secure than he desired, 
 
 granted them a certain amount of autonomy, in the hope of attaching them more 
 
 firmly to his cause. Various districts then began to strike money 
 
 contemporaneously icith the regal issues.* 
 
 EDONIS 
 
 The following series were doubtless struck at Amphipolis. Nos. 3 and 4 are 
 possibly as late as Perseus. No. 14 may perhaps belong to a different district. 
 
 SlIiVEK 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 Tetrobols 
 
 
 
 
 M A Club r. ; the wliole in the centre 
 KE of a Macedonian shield. 
 
 Macedonian helmet with cheek-pieces 1. 
 
 1 
 
 3.5-5 
 
 /R -6 
 
 
 in field 1., ^Q and ±^ ; in field r., ^, 
 and trident 1. 
 
 2 
 
 3S-3 
 
 JR -or) 
 
 \_B.M.C., 
 
 p. 9 (11).] 
 
 in field 1., <|> and y^ ; in field r., K and 
 star of eight rays. 
 
 3 
 
 37-2 
 
 M -55 
 
 Head of Maenad r., wearing earring, neck- MAKE Between two lines of the inscr., 
 lace, and garland of vine-leaves and AONIIN stern of ship, amid waves ; 
 grapes. in field r., A\ 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 10.] 
 
 4 
 
 35-5 
 
 M 6- 
 
 i 
 Bronze 
 
 5 
 
 101- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of young river-god Strymon r., 
 with short horns; hair crowned with 
 reeds. 
 
 MAKE Ornamented trident r. 
 A0NX2N 
 
 above and below trident, ^ 
 
 p. 12 (40).] r? 
 
 6 
 
 126- 
 
 M -8 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., 
 
 7 
 
 117- 
 
 M -75 
 
 * See Dr. Hugo Gaebler in Zeiischr. fur Nuv 
 issues of this epoch nre for the first time satis 
 
 ism., vol. XX., pp. 169 ff., where the M.acedonian 
 factorily arranged. 
 
vim 
 
 EDONIS— AMPHAXITIS 
 
 351 
 
 No. 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 Weight 
 
 128- 
 
 107- 
 
 108- 
 
 10.5 
 
 125- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 138-5 
 105- 
 
 129- 
 124-5 
 
 JE -7 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -85 
 
 JE -9 
 
 M -9 
 
 M '8 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 tsr 
 
 N< 
 
 rti 
 IVE 
 
 beneath inscr., A 
 
 as pi-ecediug ? 
 
 MAKE Lyi-e ; in field 1., stmng bow ; 
 AONUN r., 7^ 
 
 IB.M.C., p. 14 (54).] 
 
 AMPHAXITIS 
 
 The following were struck at Thessaloiiica, as were other coins bearing the monogram ^ 
 
 {e.g., Macedonia a Roman Province, No. 7). The district of Amphaxilis 
 
 laij on the left hank of the river Axius. 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion'a 
 
 skin. 
 
 AM<t>A Club r. ; all within wreath of 
 ZinN oak. 
 
 Head of AjioUo r., laur. 
 
 beneath, traces of /J^ 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 42 (1).] 
 
 type 1. ; beneath, traces of J\f 
 
 MAKE Tripod -lebes, with cover, 
 AO N n N surmounted by three sprays 
 of laurel; in field 1., ^ 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 11 (37).] 
 
 ill field r., ^; iu field 1., traces of pj| 
 and A 
 
352 
 
 MACEDON SEMI-INDEPENDENT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 26-8 
 
 158- 
 
 121-5 
 
 128- 
 
 98- 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -85 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 BOTTIAIA 
 
 The foUowhuj were stniclc at Fella. The Bottiaei had long hefore this been driven 
 out of Macedonia into Chalcidice (see p. 274), hut the district retained their name. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Euboic - Attic Standard 
 
 Piece of Two and a Half Obols 
 
 Macedonian shield, with wheel-like orna- 
 ment of seven crescent-shaped rays in 
 the centre. 
 
 BOTTEATflN in very rude letters on 
 stern of ship, amid waves. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of Zeus r., wreathed with laurel; 
 border of dots. 
 
 ( wreath of oak-leaves '?) 
 
 MA KE Winged thunderbolt 1.; be- 
 AON HN neath, "f 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 [Cf. B.3LC., p. 13 (48).] 
 
 above, crescent with horns upwards, 
 beneath, crescent with horns upwards. 
 
 MA KE Similar type; beneath, B 
 AO NHN andN<; above, poj 
 
UNCERTAIN OF MACEDON 
 
 353 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metatj 
 Size 
 
 ■ 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 UNCERTAIN OP MACEDON 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zens r., laiir. ; border of dots. 
 
 Eagle, with closed wings, standing r. on 
 thunderbolt, looking back; in field r., 
 
 1 
 
 128- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in field 1., W 
 
 o 
 
 124- 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 
 in field 1., uncertain symlx)!. 
 
 3 
 
 65- 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Engle, with closed wings, standing r. on 
 thunderbolt; in field 1., /t.; i'-, \/^ 
 
 4 
 
 19-5 
 
 .E -45 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Thunderbolt; in field 1., 0; r., J/^ 
 
 5 
 
 53-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Macedonian shield, adorned with five 
 crescents ; in the centre, within double 
 plain border, head of Herakles, facing. 
 
 [Plate x5 
 
 Macedonian helmet with double crest and 
 cheek-pieces ; in field r., caduceus ; and 
 in field 1., \^ 
 
 CIV. 11.] 
 
 6 
 
 68-5 
 
 .^ -05 
 
 Similar ; but between each pair of cres- 
 cents, five pellets. 
 
 Similar type; in field r., [^; in field 1., 
 caduceus. 
 
 7 
 
 G5- 
 
 ^ -55 
 
 Similar ; but no pellets ; in the centre, 
 a dot, around which, tiiree circles. 
 
 Coins of the types of Nos. 1 — 4 are found i 
 Museum specimens is re-struck over a late Mac 
 supplied is confirmed by style. The head of Zeu 
 of BoTTiAiA, Nos. 2 — 5. Possibly the mouograir 
 on the other hand, are regal coins, but it is unce 
 
 Similar tjqie ; in fijld r., K ; beneath, 
 ear of corn. 
 
 n Macedonia and Paeonia. One of the British 
 edonian regal coin. The evidence of date thus 
 s on the Obv. closely resembles that on the Rev. 
 I represents the name of a district. Nos. 5 — 7, 
 rtain to what king they should be attributed. 
 
 z z 
 
•SfA 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revebse 
 
 2(J4- 
 
 259-2 
 
 26J-2 
 
 259-1 
 
 2G3-5 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 Macedon under the Romans 
 
 THE FOUR CONFEDERATIONS 
 
 168—146 B.C. 
 
 The Decemviri despatched from, Borne after the battle of Pydna to settle Macedonia, 
 divided it into four rejmblican confederations, independent of each other. The right 
 of coining silver was conferred on these hij the Senate in 158 B.C. Nos. 1 — 5, 
 struck prvhahhj at AnqfhipoUs, the capital of the First liegion, are therefore sub- 
 sequent to that date. 
 
 SiLVEE 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 Macedonian shield, having in centre a bust 
 of Artemis Tauropolos r., wearing ear- 
 ling, staph ane, and drapery about neck; 
 at shoulder, bow and quiver. 
 
 no earring. 
 
 MAKEAONnN Club r.; the whole 
 nPnTHI within a wreath 
 
 of oak-leaves, outside of which, on 1., a 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 above, j^ 
 
 above, /^ 
 
 above, qTl ; beneath, Ki? and fiE. 
 
 similar, but uE 
 
 above, (TE ; beneatb, |. and pSf ; Q in 
 
 inscr. 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 12. J 
 
FOUR CONFEDERATIONS-ROMAN PROVINCE 
 
 355 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 25G-6 
 254- 
 
 141- 
 
 192- 
 163- 
 
 i<;8- 
 
 JR 1-2 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 JE -9 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 M -9 
 
 JE -9 
 
 MACEDONIA A ROMAN PROVINCE 
 
 After 146 B.C. 
 
 On the final defeat of the Achaean League a fresh settlement of Greeee was carried 
 
 out. The four Macedonian confederations were dissolved, and, the Roman governor 
 
 made supreme. Henceforth the coins hear his name, or that of his legate. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Euboic -Attic Standard 
 
 Tet radrachms 
 
 MAKEAONflN Head of Alexander 
 the Great r., with horn of Amnion ; 
 hair flowing over neck. 
 
 AESILLAS Chib downwards, between 
 Q_ scrinium (or fi.scu.s ?) 
 
 on the ]., and subsellium on the r. ; the 
 whole within a wreath of laurel. 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 13.] 
 
 behind head, 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia. 
 
 MAKEAONHN 
 
 TAMIOYTAIOY 
 
 noRAIAlOY 
 
 Club V. ; the whole 
 within a wre^ith 
 of oak. 
 
 IB.3I.C., p. 17 (71).] 
 
 Head of Roma (or Perseus ?) r., wearing- 
 winged helmet, ending at the top in 
 the haad of a griffin j border of dots. 
 
 Same inscr., within wreath of oak. 
 
 TT in inscr. 
 
 IB.3I.C.. p. 18 (72).] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 TAIOYTAMIOY within wreath of oak- 
 noriAIAlOY leaves. 
 
 y. ■/. 2 
 
356 
 
 MxVCEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 116- 
 
 13^ 
 
 126- 
 
 1-iO- 
 152- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wreatli of ivy ; baud aci-oss forehead. 
 
 TAMI [OY] Goat standing r. ; in 
 TAIOY front, A 
 
 [nojnAiA [loY] 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 18 (75).] 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet. 
 
 [rjAlOY Bnll feeding r. ; above, [^ ; 
 TAMIOY beneath, "^ ; held 1., off 
 
 com. 
 
 Head of Roma (or Perseus?) r., wearing 
 Avinged helmet, ending at the top in 
 the head of a griffin ; border of dots. 
 
 MAKEAONn[N] Avithin a wreath 
 TAMloYAEYKIO[Y] of oak. 
 4)0AKINNI0Y 
 
 above, ~|5 
 
 The following ucix issued iriuley the lioinaiis. Such coins are often foiiitd rcsfiitcli on 
 those of the preceding class. D perhaps stands for 'decjelo.' * 
 
 jE -9 
 
 JE -95 
 
 Head of Seilenos facing, wearing wreath 
 of ivy ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 MAKE all within a wreath of ivy. 
 AoNIiN 
 
 JE -45 
 
 IBJI.C, p. 14 (55).] 
 
 IMPERIAL TIMES 
 
 No. 1 is comparatively early ; the rest are much later. See footnote on p. 360. 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 Macedonian shield, of late pattern. f 
 
 MAKE within a border of dots. 
 AO 
 
 NUN 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 14.] 
 
 * See Dr. H. Gacbler hi Zeits. far Num., vol. xx. p. 177. 
 
 t The coin is in poor condition, but the style is late. The ahiokl bears a strong resemblance to 
 that figured on a coin of Vitellius in Berlin Catal., vol. ii., p. 25. 
 
IMPERIAL TIMES 
 
 357 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 2* 
 
 21-3 
 
 .R -55 
 
 91 
 
 M ■4- 
 
 ^ 1-05 
 
 ;i<] 1- 
 
 JE 105 
 
 JE S 
 
 Silver 
 
 Head of Alexander the Great 1., diademed. 
 
 APoY Alexander on horseback 
 
 AAEZAN advancing ]., with hand 
 
 raised as if to crown liis horse; bis 
 chlamys flies behind him. 
 
 Similar head r. 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 15.] 
 
 Lion advancing r. 
 [Plate xxiv. 16.] 
 
 Bronze 
 
 AA6IANAPOV Head of Alexander 
 as yoaug Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 KOINONMAKeAON Alexander on 
 N€nNU horse pran- 
 
 cing r. ; he holds spear in r., and his 
 chlamys flies behind him ; in frcmt. 
 Nike, grasjjing horse by the bridle r., 
 turns towards r., with trophy over 1. 
 shoulder. 
 
 [Plate xxiv. 17.] 
 
 AA65ANAPOV Similar. 
 
 AA€±AN APOV Similar type. 
 
 AA€ZANA POV Similar type. 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONr2NBN€n 
 
 Pallas Nikej)hon)8 seated 1., holding 
 spear on 1. arm ; behind her, shield. 
 
 KOINONMAK €AONnN N€n 
 
 Zeus seated 1., holding patera in r., and 
 leaning on sceptre with 1. 
 
 within wreath of laurel. 
 
 KOI 
 
 MAK€ 
 
 AONUN 
 
 B • Nea 
 
 * Of doubtful iiuthentioity. Tliis piece was formerly considered a great rarity, as being " the 
 only coin yet found of Alexander, with his head, and struck during his reign" (Pinkerton, Essay 
 nn ifrdaJs, London, 1789, vol. i., p. 24.5). If genuine, however, it belongs to Imperial times. Dr. 
 Hu"o Gaobler, who has seen a cast, believes it to be false, and I incline to agree with him. 
 
358 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Beverse 
 
 ^ 11 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 10 
 
 jE m 
 
 11 
 
 M 1- 
 
 12 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 13 
 
 M 1- 
 
 U 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 15 
 
 A A€ I A N A PO V Head of Alexander 
 the Great r., diademed. 
 
 AA€IANAPOV Similar type. 
 
 AA€ iANAPOV Similar type. 
 
 AA€XANAPy Similar type. 
 
 AAe IANAPjV Similar type. 
 
 AA€ZANAPO V Similar type. 
 
 JE !• 
 
 AA€2AN APOV Similar type. 
 
 AA€IANAP0V Similar type. 
 
 KOINONMAK6 AONnNBN€ 
 
 Pallas Nikephoros seated 1., holding on 
 1. arm, spear ; behind her, shield. 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONnNBN 
 
 Similar type ; but Nike extends wreath 
 towards Fallas. 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONnNAICN€n 
 
 Cista mystica with open lid ; fx'om it 
 issues a serpent r. 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONn N 
 
 Alexander on horseback, advancing r., 
 with chlamys flying behind him ; in his 
 r., a spear. 
 
 K O ! NONMAK€AONnNN€n 
 
 Similar type ; but horse at full gallop. 
 
 KOI NONMAK€AONnNBN 
 
 Similar type, horse prancing; Alexander's 
 r. arm is raised, as if to crown horse. 
 
 beneath horse, star of eight rays. 
 
 KOINONMA K€AONnfMBN€ 
 
 The Emperor in military attire, stand- 
 ing facing, head r. ; he rests with r. on 
 inverted spear, and holds in 1., para- 
 zonium. 
 
 KOINONMAK€A ONHMBNenK 
 
 Similar typej but head towards 1., 
 spear in L, and parazonium in r. 
 
timn 
 
 IMPERIAL TIMES 
 
 359 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevebse 
 
 
 
 
 AA€ZAN[AP0V] Similar type. 
 
 [KOIN ON]MAK€AONn N B 
 
 N€nKO 
 
 P 
 
 Two tetrastyle temples turned inwards, 
 at right angles to each other ; between 
 them, column, on the top of which, 
 statue of the Emperor, standing, and 
 holding spear. 
 
 16 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 beneath neck, sei-pent. 
 AA€IANAP0V Similar type. 
 
 above, traces of agonistic urns ? 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONIlN • BNE • 
 
 Table with lion's feet ; upon it, two 
 agonistic urns, each containing a palm. 
 
 17 
 
 
 JE 105 
 
 
 in field r., star. 
 
 18 
 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 AA€IANAP OV Similar type. 
 
 beneath neck, star. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 KOINONM AKEA ONnNN€ D. 
 
 Alexander 1., naked but for chlamys, 
 which hangs over his shoulder, taming 
 Bukephalas, who rears r. 
 
 XIV. 18.] 
 
 19 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 AA6IANAPOV Similar type. 
 
 K . . NONMAK6 AONUN |vE 
 
 Zeus Nikephoros seated 1., leaning with 
 1. upon sceptre. 
 
 20 
 
 
 ^ 1-05 
 
 AAGEANAPOV Similar type, 
 beneath neck, serpent. 
 
 KOINON BN€nK 
 
 Nike, driving biga r. 
 
 21 
 
 - 
 
 M 1- 
 
 AA€I ANAPOV Bust of Alexan- 
 der' the Great r., diademed, wearing 
 cuirass. 
 
 KOINONMAKeAONflNBN 
 
 €11 KO Alexander r., naked but for 
 chlamys, which flies behind him, taming 
 Bukephalas, who rears 1. 
 
 22 
 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 AA€ lANAPoV Bust of Alexander 
 the Great 1., diademed, wearing cuirass 
 and holding shield and spear. 
 
 KOI NONMAK€AONnMM€n 
 
 Alexander on horseback, prancing r., 
 with r. hand raised, chlamys flying 
 behind him. 
 
3 GO 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 M 1- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M -85 
 
 JE -95 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 /E 1- 
 
 AA€ZANAP0V Head of Alexander 
 the Great r., vvecariiig crested Atlieniau 
 helmet, adorned with grifSn ruiiuing r. 
 
 KOINO NMAK€AON[nNB] 
 
 NeilKo 
 
 P 
 
 Two tetrastyle temples turned inwards, 
 placed at light angles to each other ; 
 above each, agonistic urn with palm ; 
 between them, column, on the toji of 
 which, a statue of the Emperor, resting 
 on spear and holding parazouium. 
 
 [Plate x.xiv. 19.] 
 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr., doubtful. 
 
 AA€iANAPOV (reading upwards) 
 Similar ty2)e ; beneath neck, thunder- 
 bolt. 
 
 KOINONMAK€AONnNBN€nK0 
 
 Lion advancing r. ; above, club 1.; above 
 club, eOC [year 275 = a.d. 2-i5-6].* 
 
 KOlMAK€AoNnNBNEIl Table; 
 on which, agonistic urn containing palm. 
 
 IMPERIAL COINAGE 
 
 BliONZE 
 
 Claudius 
 
 Tl • KAAYAIOZ KAIZAP 
 
 of Claudius 1., bare. 
 
 Head 
 
 ZEBAZTOZ • MAKEAONHN 
 
 Macedonian shield. 
 
 Nero 
 
 NEPHN KAIZACP] 
 
 1., bare. 
 
 Head of Nero 
 
 Similar. 
 
 M. Aurelius 
 
 K . . . . PAN Ta)NIN[OC] Bust 
 of M. Aurelius r., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum. 
 
 KOI N ON MA KGAONCON 
 
 Thundei'bolt, with four wings. 
 
 * The occurrence of the same date on a coin with the head of Philippus Senior (Mionnet, 
 Suppl. iii., pi. iii. 2), shows tliat the year is reckoned according to the Bra of Augustus (iiO B.C.). 
 Most of tlie bi'onze evidently belongs to the same late period. 
 
IMPERIAL COINAGE — DIIJM 
 
 3G1 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Mktal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevkrse 
 
 29 
 
 
 ^ 1- 
 
 K A 1 C A P A N TOJ N 1 N OC Head of 
 M. Aurelius r., nwliatu. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 
 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 30 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 AVKMAV PANTWSEINe Bust 
 
 of youthful Caracalla r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and pal ud amentum. 
 
 KOINONMA K€AONnN Zeus, 
 naked but for chlaniys on 1. arm, stand- 
 ing 1., holding thunderbolt, and resting 
 on sceptre; at his feet 1., eagle 1., 
 looking back. 
 
 
 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 
 
 
 AVKMAVPC€ BhPAAeiAN 
 
 A PoC Bust of Severus Alexander 
 r., wearing cuirass and jialudamentum; 
 head laui". 
 
 KOIMAK€AONnNBN€OKO 
 
 PJQN Pallas Nikephoros seated 
 1., I. arm resting on shield, which 
 stands behind her. 
 
 31 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■DIUM 
 
 
 
 
 As a lioman Cvlonia. 
 
 
 
 
 BUONZE 
 
 
 
 
 Tibei'ius 
 
 
 
 
 Tl • CAESA Head of Tiberius 
 
 r., biu-e. 
 
 COLONIAIVLDIEN9I9 D D 
 
 Female tigure seated r., veiled, holding 
 patera and sceptre. 
 
 1 
 
 
 xE -8 
 
 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 
 
 
 IMPCMANT GORDIANVS' Bust 
 
 of Gordian v., wearing cuirass and 
 paludanieiituni ; head laur. 
 
 COLIVLD 1 ENSIS Pallas stand- 
 
 D D ing h, holding 
 patera and resting on spear; at her 
 feet, on either side, a serpent 1. 
 
 2 
 
 
 IE -95 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XXV. 1.] 
 
362 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 EDESSA * 
 Jiiqteyial Times 
 
 BliONZK 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 M -95 
 
 113- 
 
 /E -8 
 
 AVK • M AVP ANTnNINOC€V 
 
 Bust of youthful Caracalla r. laur., 
 weai"iug paludameutum. 
 
 €A€C C € Roma Nikeplioros seated 
 Nn 1- on cuirass, grasping 
 
 parazonium with 1. ; sl)ield behind 
 cuirass ; on farther side of her, goat ] . ; 
 she is crowned from behind by the 
 City, turreted and holding coriiucopiae. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVTKMANTNIOC rOPAIANOC 
 
 (.s/c) Bust of Gordian r., laar., 
 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentmn. 
 
 ATK- MTNIOC rOPAIANOC 
 
 (s/V) Similar type. 
 
 €A€C CAI riN Similar type, 
 
 without goat ; iioma seated on shield 
 and cuii-ass ; City wears modius. 
 
 €A€ CCAI n N Similar type, 
 
 without goat ; Roma seated on cuii'ass ; 
 no shield ; City wears modius. 
 
 PELLA 
 
 Pelhi ir((s for lonij tlie rajiilal of Macedonia. Lilce other cities in the l-lnfidom, 
 
 it striiclc 110 moncij in its own name until after the orerthrov of the wonarvhy by 
 
 the Jloinans. 'The type of the hvll fecrliny refers to the old n(('nie of Bowo/xos. 
 
 Th(tt of Athena All-is illustrates Livy xlii. 51. 
 
 After 168 B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 Bust of Pan r., with nebris; he has 
 pointed ear and short horn ; at his 
 shoulder, pedum. 
 
 border doubtful. 
 
 TTEA Athena Alkis r. ; in field 1., yOJ" ; 
 A HZ in field r., I 
 
 [Plate xxv. 2.] 
 
 ** For coins! lA this cAty under its oai-lier name of Aegac, see p. 267. 
 
EDESSA— PELLA 
 
 363 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 TTEA Bull standing r. 
 AHZ 
 
 2 
 
 99 -.5 
 
 yE -75 
 
 ^ 
 
 beneath, "[^1" ; in front, ^ 
 
 3 
 
 121-5 
 
 JE -65 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur.; border of dots. 
 
 beneath, JAJ-" ; in front, traces of monogr. 
 HEAAHZ Lp-e; in field r., ^ N< <t> 
 
 4 
 
 99- 
 
 JE ■- 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 88- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 74- 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 letters in field r., off coin. 
 
 7 
 
 123- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., ■wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, adoi-ned with griffin and 
 foreparts of horses ; border of dots. 
 
 TTEA Tripod, with cover and liohnos. 
 AHZ 
 
 TTEA Bull feeding r. 
 AHZ 
 
 8 
 
 99- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 (no border visible.) 
 
 
 .9 
 
 ir)7- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 beneath, K 
 
 10 
 
 J21- 
 
 xE -7 
 
 (no border visible.) 
 
 beneath, plough r. 
 
 11 
 
 102- 
 
 JE -lo 
 
 
 beneath, Rl ; in front, fi^ 
 
 12 
 
 140- 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 beneath, |^ ; in front, traces of EK 
 
 13 
 
 84- 
 
 JE 1 
 
 
 beneath, ^ ; in front, traces of vA 
 
 14 
 
 97-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 beneath, (^ ; in front, ^ 
 
 1.5 
 
 63- 
 
 M -05 
 
 Head of Demeter, facing, veiled ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 beneath, 3E ; in front, traces of p^j 
 
 TTEA Bull feeding r. ; beneath, Af^ 
 AEZ and ear of corn. 
 
 IG 
 
 141- 
 
 iE -75 
 
 
 in front, p^sk 
 
 17 
 
 Hi)-:. 
 
 iE -7 
 
 
 in front, ti'aces of monogr. 
 
 3 A 2 
 
3Gi 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveksk 
 
 Keverse 
 
 18 
 
 M -8 
 
 19 
 
 JE -95 
 
 20 
 
 M -95 
 
 21 
 
 M 105 
 
 22 
 
 M 1- 
 
 23 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Tiiiperial Times 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 MAVR ANTONINVS AV Bust 
 of Caracalla r., laur., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 IMPCMAVP 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ANTONINVS 
 
 COIVLA VGPELLA Pan, naked, 
 seated 1. on rock ; holding his r. arm 
 raised to his bead, and leaning with his 
 \. on syrinx. 
 
 pedum in L hand ? 
 
 COIVL 
 
 type. 
 
 ■AV 9-PeLLA Simihar 
 
 (No. 19 is pierced.) 
 
 Julia Mamaea 
 
 IVLIAMAMAEAAVG Bust of 
 
 Julia ]\Iamaea r., draped, wearing 
 ste])hane. 
 
 COLIVLA VG P6LLA Similar 
 type ; Pan holds pedum in 1. ; syrinx in 
 field 1. 
 
 [Plate xxv. 8.] 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 IMPCMAVR9EVALEXAND 
 
 AVG Bust of Severus Alexandei' 
 
 r., laur., wearing cuirass aiul paluda- 
 mentum . 
 
 COL-IVL-A VGPELLA Similar 
 type ; but Pan leans with 1. arm upon 
 syrinx. 
 
 Maximus 
 
 CIVLVER • MAXIMVS CAES 
 
 Bust of Maximus r., bareheaded, wear- 
 ing cuu'ass and paludamentum. 
 
 OLIVLA VG PELLA 
 
 tyjje ; but s^T.'inx in field 1. 
 
 Similar 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 IMPCMANTGORDIANVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Gordian r., I'adiate, wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 COLIVL AV . . PELLA Similar 
 type; but Pan leans with 1. arm ujjon 
 syrinx. 
 
PELLA— STOBI 
 
 36^ 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 24 
 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 IMPCMANTGORDIANV9 
 
 Similar, but head laur. 
 
 • 
 
 [Plate 
 
 COLIVL AVG PELLA Female 
 figure (the City ?), wearing modius, 
 seated 1. on throne; she holds her r. 
 hand to her face. 
 
 XXV. 4.] 
 
 25 
 
 
 jE -95 
 
 Similar. 
 
 COLIVL A VG PELLA Female 
 figure, veiled, seated 1. on chair with 
 low back and lion's feet ; she holds r. 
 hand to her face; 1. elbow rests on 
 back of seat. 
 
 26 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 . . . . MANX GORDIANVS 
 
 Similar type, but head radiate. 
 
 COLIVL A VGP€LLA Similar 
 type, with turreted head-dress instead 
 of veil. 
 
 
 
 
 STOBI 
 
 
 
 
 Iiii^ierta 
 
 I Times 
 
 
 
 
 Julia Domna 
 
 
 
 
 IVLIA AVGV9TA Bust of Julia 
 Domna r., draped. 
 
 MVNIC 9TOB Nike facing, head 
 1., holding wreath and palm. 
 
 1 
 
 
 /E -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 MVNIC 9 TO BE Nike advancing 
 r., holding wreath and palm. 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 Cara 
 
 calla 
 
 3 
 
 
 yE -85 
 
 M AVRE ANTONIN Bust of 
 Caracalla r., laur. 
 
 MVNI STOB Nike, as above. 
 
 4 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 MAVRE ANTONIN 
 
 M-AVR ANTONINVS AG 
 
 Similai', ^ith cuirass and paluda- 
 
 MVNIC STOB 
 
 MVN 1 CISTOBE Similar, but 
 type 1. 
 
 ') 
 
 
 7E 1- 
 
 mentnm. 
 
 
366 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 97- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 129- 
 
 ^E -75 
 
 126-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 139- M -8 
 
 89- 
 
 M -8 
 
 87- 
 
 M -7 
 
 THESSALONICA 
 
 TJiessalontca was the name given to Tlierma tchen it was rebuilt by Cassander (315 B.C.). 
 The Bomans made it the capital of the second of the four republican confederations 
 (see p. 354), and stibscqncntlij it became the most important city in the country. The 
 cult of the Kahetroi, n:ho app>ear on the coins of Tlicssalonica of the Imperial period, 
 loas probably Fhocniclan in its origin; its chief seats were Leinnos and /Sumothrace. 
 Some of the types allude to the games called KajSeipia. 
 
 After 168 B.C. 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 Head of young Heraldcs r., weax-ing lion's 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of Zeus v., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 Head of yonug Dionysos r., ■wearing 
 wreatli of ivy ; band aci'oss forehead ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar tyjie ; border of dots. 
 
 S7-.5 7E 7 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Head of Dionysos r., wearing v.-rcatli of 
 ivy ; border of <lots. 
 
 GEZZAAO 
 NIKEHN 
 
 IKHZ 
 
 Club 1. ; above, /^ 
 beneath, f\(o 
 
 Two goats standing on 
 their hind legs, fighting. 
 
 0EZZA A[0] Goat standing r. 
 
 N IKH Z above, E AKAI A 
 
 behind, ^ ; in front, X 
 
 EZZ A Similar type ; above, f" 
 A ' ON IK HZ beneath, traces of 
 monogram. 
 
 [0]EZZAA O Similar type; above 
 
 [N] IKH Z goat, NK?; in 
 
 front, Afl 
 
 EZZ A A [O] Similar type; above, 
 [N] IKEn [N] ^; behind, ^ 
 
 OEZZAA[o] 
 NIKHZ 
 
 Goat standino- r. 
 
5"» 
 
 THESSALONICA 
 
 367 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 U 
 
 15 
 
 1(3 
 17 
 
 18 
 I'J 
 
 110- 
 9 78- 
 
 sa- 
 
 ils 
 
 101- 
 
 131-5 
 
 109- 
 
 124- 
 
 lOG- 
 
 135- 
 
 80- 
 
 lOl- 
 
 M -75 
 M -7 
 
 M -6 
 
 M -5 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -7 
 
 iE -05 
 
 M -85 
 
 ^ -75 
 M -7 
 ^ -7 
 yE -65 
 
 Head of Pallas i'., -wearing crested Athe- 
 nian liehiiet, adorned with foreparts of 
 horses ; border of dots. 
 
 0EZZAA[o] 
 NIKHZ 
 
 Bull feeding r. 
 
 Head of Artemis r., -wearing stephaue ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 Similai". 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laui*. 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Coriu- 
 thiau helmet 5 border of dots. 
 
 [OJEZZAAO Quiver. 
 [NJEIKEnN 
 
 above, traces of mouogr. ; beneath, iSK 
 
 [0] EZZ A [ AO] Similar type. 
 
 [N]IKEnN 
 
 0EZZA Bull galloping r. ; beneath, 
 AON I KHZ A^=™^^i;f 
 
 inscr., pai'tly off coin; second mouogr., not 
 visible. 
 
 inscr., partly off coin ; both monograms 
 visible. 
 
 0EZZAA [ONIKEHN] Eagle, with 
 
 closed wings, standing i\ 
 
 [O] EZZAAO Eagle, with open wings, 
 N I KHZ standing r. on thunder- 
 
 bolt. 
 
 [0]EZZA A[0] Free horse gallop- 
 NIKHZ ingr. 
 
 beneath, palm-branch; above, yO^aiid "^ 
 
 beneath, caduceus ; no monogi-ams. 
 
 beneath, thunderbolt. 
 
 beneath, serpent. 
 
'^68 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 1 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 4/'iej- 88 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The late date of Nof>. 16 and 17 is shown by their weight. 
 
 
 
 
 Asses 
 
 20 
 
 66- 
 
 JE -Go 
 
 Head of Janus, laur. ; above, | ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 GEZZAA[0] (in ex.) Two centaurs 
 prancing Ijack to back, each holding a 
 myrtle branch and wearing a chlamys. 
 
 21 
 
 64- 
 
 jE -8 
 
 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 Inqicrial Times 
 
 22 
 
 
 .^ -6 
 
 Free liorso walking 1. 
 
 EZ within wreath or ornamental 
 ZAAO border. 
 NIKEn 
 N 
 
 23 
 
 
 M -65 
 
 Free horse walking r. ; above, crescent, 
 within which, star; between horse's 
 forelegs, •¥■ 
 
 0EZA (sic) within laurel-wreath. 
 AONIK 
 EHN 
 
 2J< 
 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 Nike 1., on globe, holding wreath and 
 palm ; border of dots. 
 
 e€CCAAO NIK€CJN Bust of the 
 City r., turreted and di-aped ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 0EZ within oak- wreath; border of 
 ZAAO dots. 
 NIKE 
 
 UN 
 
 KAB€I POC Kabciros standing 1., 
 holding rhyton and hammer; border of 
 dots. 
 
 25 
 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 26 
 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 IB.M.a, p. 
 
 113 (47).] 
 
 27 
 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 e€CCAAO Similar. 
 
 NiKenN 
 
 KA Bl POC Similar. 
 
 2S 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 e€CCAAO NIKH Bust of the 
 
 the City r., veiled and turreted; border 
 of dots. 
 
 [PL.vrL; 
 
 KABI PO C Similar. 
 XXV. 5.] 
 
THESSALONICA 
 
 369 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 29 
 30 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 JE -75 
 M -85 
 jE -7 
 
 JE -7 
 
 M -8 
 M -85 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 ^ -75 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 eeCCAAO NIKH 
 e€CCA AON _ - 
 e€CC[A A]ON€IKH 
 
 e€CCAAO Nl 
 
 Similar. 
 
 0€C within laurel-wreath ; border 
 
 CAAO of dots. 
 
 NIK€ 
 UN 
 
 e€CCA Similar 
 AONI 
 K€nN 
 
 iM^iCi-lal Coinage 
 
 Julias Caesar and Auo^ustus 
 
 0€OZ (in front) Head of Julius Caesar 
 r., laur. 
 
 ©EISA AONIKEnCN] 
 
 Augustus r., iiare. 
 
 Head of 
 
 countermark, N< 
 
 underneath neck, A 
 [Plate xxv. 6.] 
 
 A obscure. 
 
 0€OC (behind) Head of Julius Caesar 
 r., bare. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 eeccA A ONiKenN similar 
 
 eCCCAAO NIKEflN Similar, 
 uncertain countermark. 
 
 OE . . CEBACTOV Similar 
 
 3 ri 
 
370 
 
 MACBDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 M. Antonius and Octaviaiius 
 
 
 
 
 The foUowing coins ivcre 2)cr]i(:q)s struck in honour of the victor >j at PhiUjipi (42 B.C.). 
 
 
 
 
 OEZZAAONIKEnN • EAEYOE 
 PIA[Z] Bust of Libei-tas r. 
 
 M . ANT . AYT T • KAI • AYT 
 
 Nike advancing 1., carrying wreath and 
 palm. 
 
 38 
 
 
 ^105 
 
 beliiud, E 
 
 [Plate 
 
 XXV. 7.] 
 
 39 
 
 
 JE -9 
 
 AmNOOE _ - Head of Agono- 
 tliesia r. 
 
 ANT within a laurel- wreath. 
 KAI 
 
 
 
 
 Angustus 
 
 40 
 
 
 JE -95 
 
 KAIZAP ZEBAZ[TOZ] Head of 
 Augustus r., bare. 
 
 KAIZAPSEB AZTOZ Similar. 
 
 t 
 0ESZAAO within a laurel- wreath. 
 
 NEIKEI2N 
 
 0EZZA within a laurel- wreath. 
 AONI 
 KEHN 
 
 41 
 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 above inscr., star. 
 
 
 
 
 Tiberius and Livia 
 
 42 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 Tl . KAIZAP [ZEBAXTOZ] Head 
 
 of Tiberius r., Itiur. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 0EZZAONIKE HNZ EBAZTH 
 
 Bust of Livia r., wearing stephane; 
 di-aped and veiled. 
 
 XXV. 8.] 
 
 43 
 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Tl KAIZA[P ZEBAJSTOZ 
 
 Similai'. 
 
 Inscr., obscure. Bust of Livia r., draped 
 and wearing stephane. 
 
 
 
 
 Tiberius and Drusns 
 
 1 
 I4 
 
 
 A'] ■«.=) 
 
 TIBEPIOZ KArSAP Head of 
 
 Tilserius v., bai'e. 
 
 [PLA'it, 
 
 eEZZAAONI KELXIN] Heid of i 
 Drusus r., bare. 
 
 XXV 9.] 
 
warn 
 
 THESSALONICA 
 
 371 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 Caligula and Antonia 
 
 45 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 r- KAIZAP ZEBAZ[TOZ] Head 
 of Caligula 1., laur. 
 
 ANTflNIA ZEBAZTHOEZZA 
 
 Head of Antonia 1., wearing stephane 
 and veiled. 
 
 
 
 
 Claudius 
 
 4G 
 
 
 ZE -95 
 
 [TIKA]AYA10CKAICAPCEBAC 
 [TOC] Head of Claudius 1., bare. 
 
 0EZZA within oak-wreath. 
 AONIKE 
 UN 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 Claudius and Britannicus 
 
 47 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 Tl • KAAYAIO[ ] Head of 
 
 Claudius 1., bare. 
 
 BP . . . NNI[KOC9€C]CAAONI 
 K€nN Head of Britannicus L, 
 bare. 
 
 48 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 Tl KAAYAIOC K[ ] 
 
 Similar, 
 uncertain countermark. 
 
 BP€TANNIKOCe€CCAAONIK 
 
 Similar ; the whole within a laurel- 
 wreath. 
 
 
 
 
 Nero 
 
 49 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 N€Paj . KAICAP Head of Nero 1. 
 countermark, 0€C 
 
 OEZZA Above inscr., an eagle, with 
 
 AONIKE spread wings, holding 
 
 UN branch in its claws; the 
 
 whole within oak-wreath. 
 
 50 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 - . . . NZEBAZZTOZKAIZAP 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 countermark, 0€C 
 
 PliMHZEBAZZTHOEZZAAO 
 
 N 1 KEXIN Roma, wearingshortchiton, 
 standing facing, head towaixls r., leaning 
 on inverted spear, and holding para- 
 zoniuni ; chlamys over 1. arm. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate x\v. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Trajan 
 
 51 
 
 ■ 
 
 IE -85 
 
 . AICAP TPA ..... Head of 
 Trajan r., laiu'. 
 
 0€C Above inscr,, eagle with spread 
 CAAO wings ; the whole in laurel- 
 N 1 K€ wreath. 
 CON 
 
 •J n 2 
 
372 
 
 MAOEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Commodus 
 
 52 
 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 AVTKMAVPKOM MANTIlNei 
 
 NON Bust of Comiuodns r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass and paludanientum. 
 
 inscr. obscure. 
 
 eeCCAAO NIK€nN Nike standing 
 r., her 1. foot resting on globe; she 
 writes upon shield, which she supports 
 with her 1. knee. 
 
 53 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 AVTKMAVPKOMMANT. Nl 
 
 NON JSiiuilar tyjJe. 
 
 0€CCAAO NIKGHN Nike, 
 advancing 1., carrying wreath and palm. 
 
 54 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 AVTKMAVPKOMMANT^ Nl 
 
 NON Similar type. 
 
 Similar (with in inscr. ; XI doubtful) ; 
 in front, crescent. 
 
 55 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 ANT Head of Commodus 
 
 r., laur. 
 
 Similar (with and (jj) ; but type r. 
 
 
 
 
 Septimius Severus 
 
 
 
 
 AYKAC€n C€YHP _ - Bust of 
 Septimius Severus r., wearing cuii-ass 
 and paludameutum ; head laur. 
 
 06CCAA ONIK€flN Nike 
 advancing L, carrying wi'eatli and palm. 
 
 5G 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 (0 in inscr.) 
 
 
 
 
 Julia Domna 
 
 58 
 
 
 JE -95 
 
 lOVAIA AOMNAC€ Bust of 
 Julia Domna r., draped. 
 
 OeCCA[AONI] K€nN Nike 
 advancing 1., holding Kabeii'os and 
 jjalm. 
 
 59 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 lOYAIA AOMNA Similar type.. 
 
 ©eCCAAON IK€ n N Nike 
 advancing 1,, holding wreath and palm. 
 
3M" 
 
 THESSALONICA 
 
 S7i 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 60 
 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Similar type. 
 lOVAIA . . . NA 
 
 e€CCA AO Nl K€nN Distyle 
 temple ; within which, Kabeii'os 
 facing, head left ; he holds rhyton 
 and hammer. 
 
 Gl 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 ILOVAIA] AOMN . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 G2 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 AV K • MAVP ANTONINOC 
 
 Head of Caracalla r., laur., beardless. 
 
 eeCCA AONIK€nN Nike 
 advancing 1., carz-ying wreath and 
 palm. 
 
 63 
 
 
 jE 1-1 
 
 AV K M AVP AN-- Similar. 
 
 e€CCAA O NIK€nN Nike 
 
 advancing r., carrying a trophy fastened 
 on a pole. 
 
 64 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 AVKMAVP ■ ANTXININ . . Bust 
 of Caracalla r., radiate, wearing cuirass. 
 
 eCCCAAONI K€nN Nike 
 
 advancing L, holding Kabeiros (with 
 rhyton and hammei') and palm. 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 
 
 
 - - €r€T ACKAICAP Bust of 
 Geta r., wearing cuirass and paluda- 
 nientum. 
 
 K AB €IPOC Kabeiros standing 
 facing, head 1., clad in chiton and 
 himation ; he holds rhyton and hammer. 
 
 65 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Elagabalus 
 
 66 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 AVKMAVPANT flNINOCeVC 
 
 Bust of Elagabalus r., laur., weariug 
 paludamentum. 
 
 eeCCAA O NIK€nN Nike 
 
 advancing 1., holding Kabeiros (with 
 rhyton and hammer) and palm. 
 
 67 
 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr., partly off coin. 
 
 eeCCAA pNIK€nN Kabeiros 
 standing facing, head 1. ; he holds 
 rhyton and hammer; on either side of 
 him, an .anvil (or altar?), with horn- 
 like projection. 
 
374 
 
 MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 68 
 
 JE I- 
 
 69 
 
 Ai 1-05 
 
 70 
 
 JE -95 
 
 71 
 
 M 1- 
 
 72 
 
 M -9 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 74 
 
 yE -95 
 
 Julia Maiuaea 
 
 lOVAIA MAM€A AVr Bust 
 of Jalia Mamaea r., wearing stephane, 
 and draped. 
 
 ee C CAAON IK€nN Nike 
 
 advancing 1., holding Kabeiros (with 
 rhyton and hammer) and palm. 
 
 Maximinus 
 
 AVKnOVOVHP MA.IM6INOC 
 
 liust of Maximinus r., laui'., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 ee CCAAO 
 
 type. 
 
 Nl K€nN Similar 
 
 Maximus 
 
 lOVAOVHP MAIIMOCK€ 
 
 Bust of Maximus r., head bare ; he 
 wears paludamentum. 
 
 eeCCAA ONIKCIIN Kabeiros 
 
 standing facing, head 1. ; he holds 
 agonistic urn, with palm, and hammer ; 
 at his feet 1., lighted altar; r., anvil 
 with horn-like projection. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVKMAfsiT- rOPAIANOC Bust 
 
 of Gordian r., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum ; head laur. 
 
 AVTKMANTnNIOCrOPAIA 
 
 N O C Similar tyjje. 
 
 e€ C CAAON I K€nN 
 
 advancing 1., holding Kabeiros 
 rhyton and hammer) and palm. 
 
 Nike 
 (with 
 
 [e€C]CAA O NlK€nNNEnKOP 
 
 Ajiollo, naked, standing 1., holding 
 Kabeiros and strung bow (with branch V); 
 in Held 1. and r., flVe lA 
 
 (No. 72 is pierced.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 e€CCAAONIK€nNnVGIA 
 
 Tripod, on which, five balls ; to 1. of 
 tripod, uncertain object; to r., amphora. 
 
 AVTKMANTN lOCrOPAIANOC e€CCAAONIK€nNN€nKOPnN 
 
 Similar typo. 
 
 KA Bl 
 P€IA 
 
 Agonistic urn, containing palm. 
 
 on urn, TTV©IA 
 
THESSALONICA 
 
 37^ 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 75 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 76 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 77 
 
 M 1- 
 
 78 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 79^ 
 
 M -95 
 
 AVTKMANTn • rOPAIANOC 
 
 Bust of Goitlian r., radiate, weariug 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 AVTKMATNIOC 
 
 Similar. 
 
 rOPAIANOC 
 
 AVTKMANTnNIOCrOPAl 
 
 ANOC Similar. 
 
 eeCCAAONIKeilN NEHKORnN 
 
 Tetrastyle temple, placed sideways. 
 
 [e€CC]AAONIK€XlNN€n 
 
 K O P 12 N Kabeiros standing facing, 
 head 1., holding rhyton and hammer ; 
 at his feet 1., agonistic urn with j^alm ; 
 r., horn-like object ; in field 1. and r., 
 
 nve lA 
 
 e€C 
 
 CAAO 
 
 NIK€nN 
 
 N€nKn (s/c) 
 priN 
 
 within laurel- wi'eath. 
 
 Philippus Senior 
 
 AVKMAIOV[A]<|)IAinnOC Bust 
 
 of Pliilippus r., hull'., weiuing cuii'ass 
 and paludamentam. 
 
 e€CCAAONIK€nNN€nKOP 
 
 Ti-ipod, on which, five balls j in held 
 
 1. and r. 
 
 , n 
 ei 
 
 Al 
 
 V 
 A 
 B 
 
 ( No. 78 is pierced.) 
 
 AVKMIOV<MAinnOC 
 
 type. 
 
 Similar G€CCAAONIK€nNN€nnveiA 
 
 Apollo, naked, holding in r. Kabeiros 
 (with rhyton and hammer) ; he stands 
 1. in front of column, on the top of 
 which, lyre, which he holds with 1. ; 
 around column twines serpent ; in fi-ont 
 of Apollo, tripod, on which, five balls. 
 
 last pai-t of inscr., partially off coin. 
 
 « The coin figure J uii 1'l.\te XXV. 11 will be found described under Tiie«sali, No. 16. 
 
376 
 
 MACEDON 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Bahbarous Imitations op Macedonian Types 
 
 Imitation of type of head of Artemis 
 Taui-opolos, witbiu Maccdoaiau shield. 
 (See p. 354.) 
 
 162-5 
 
 M 115 
 
 Imitation of type of horseman 1. ; be- 
 neath, thunderbolt. (See p. 290.) 
 
 [Plate xxv. 12.] 
 
 Imitation of type of head of Zeus r., laur. 
 (See p. 290.) 
 
 202-4 
 
 /R-95 
 
 Imitation of type of horse r., as on coins 
 of Audoleon (see p. 348) ; horse has 
 rider. 
 
 iiTScr. fairly well reproduced. 
 
SOUTHERN THRACE— AENUS 
 
 377 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Greek Towns of Southern Thkace 
 
 
 
 
 AENUS 
 
 
 
 
 Thoutjh Jiftle liiown iu histori/^ Aeiius was an imporfant rommrrcial inwn, as its 
 
 
 
 
 abundant coliuuje proues. Its deration to Hermes is perhaps due to the fart 
 
 
 
 
 that it was a tradimj covmiunity. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—350 b.c. 
 
 
 
 
 About 350 B.C. Aenns was absorbed into the liiagdom. of Maredon. At n later date it 
 
 
 
 
 struck coins with reijal li/pes.* 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Rhodian Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Hend of Hermes, full face, slightly 
 
 AINION Goat standing r. ; the whole 
 
 
 
 
 towards 1., wearing close-fitting petasos, 
 ornamented with row of dots. 
 
 within incuse square. 
 
 1 
 
 243-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 in front, wreath. 
 
 2 
 
 242-8 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 in front, lyi-e ; incuse square not visible. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxv. 13.] 
 
 3 
 
 239-4 
 
 M -95 
 
 type varied ; head less inclined towards 1. 
 
 in front, traces of symbol ; incuse square 
 not visible. " 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hermes, three - qnarter face ] AINION Bearded agalma of Hermes, 
 
 
 
 
 towards r., wearing wide petasos ; 
 
 standing 1. upon tlirone with back; arm 
 
 
 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 of throne ends in ram's head, and rests 
 upon a sphinx 1. 
 
 4 
 
 59-4 
 
 .R -7 
 
 
 in field 1., ear of corn. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxv. 14.] 
 
 5 
 
 58-9 
 
 Al -7 
 
 
 in field 1., kantharos. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p'. 80 (23).] 
 
 
 
 
 * See under Lysia 
 
 ACHUS, Nos. 2-1 ff. 
 
378 
 
 SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 72-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 105- 
 
 M -85 
 
 101- 
 
 M -9 
 
 200- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 10 
 
 50-5 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 300—200 B.C. 
 
 Head of Hermes L, wearing wide petasos. 
 
 A I N I O N Male figure bearded, wearing 
 wreatli, short chiton, and high boots, 
 seated 1., leaning with 1. on sceptre; 
 with extended r. he pours libation from 
 patera (?). 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. 
 
 [Plate xxv. 15.] 
 
 [A] I 
 N I 
 
 [O] N 
 
 Between two lines of inscr., 
 agalma of Hermes r. ; in 
 field r., caduceus. 
 
 After circa 190 B.C. 
 
 After the defeat of Antioclius the Great by the Sci2nos the Bonians declared 
 
 Aenus free. 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 beneath, p^ 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 beneath, countei-mark, (Aj 
 
 Bust of Hermes r., bareheaded, wearing 
 chlamys ; caduceus at shoulder ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 A I N I UN Hermes standing 1., 
 
 naked but for talaria on ankles and 
 chlamys over 1. arm ; he holds purse 
 and caduceus ; in fx-ont, lighted altar. 
 
 AINI Hermes standing 1., naked but 
 (jJN for talaria on ankles and 
 
 chlamys on 1. arm ; he holds caduceus 
 
 in r. 
 
 AINI UN Asklepios (bearfless ?) 
 
 standing facing, head 1. ; he wears hima- 
 tion and wreath, and leans with r. 
 upon a staff, round which a serpent 
 twines ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxv. 16.] 
 
AENUS— MARONEIA 
 
 379 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 MARONEIA 
 
 
 
 
 Before circa 500 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Babylonic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Ob ol* 
 
 1 
 
 13-9 
 
 yR -4 
 
 Horse springing- 1., its forefeet raised, its Quadripartite incuse square, 
 hind feet resting on the ground ; above, 
 pellet ; beneath, spiral hne. 
 
 [Plate xxv. 17.] 
 
 Circa 500 450 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 Plioenician Standard 
 
 Drac hm 
 
 
 
 
 $0 M n9AM Forepart of prancing 
 horse 1., bridled ; border of dots. 
 
 Shallow incuse square, within which, a 
 border of dots enclosing a rani's head r. 
 
 2 
 
 56-6 
 
 Al -8 
 
 [Plate xxv. 18.] 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 For the clmnrjc of standard which tonic place about the end of the fifth centurij, 
 see under Archelaus III. Maronela ceased to strike iit its own 
 name after its subiidssion to Phili}). 
 
 Silver 
 Persic Standard 
 
 Stater 
 
 3. 
 
 166-7 
 
 .11 -9 
 
 Horse, with loose rein, prancing 1. 
 
 beneath, dog with bushy tail 1. 
 
 * Cf. the coin figuiTfl on p. 175 of the Berli 
 to Maroueia is, however, doubtful. Possibly the 
 
 EPIK AAA IKPA TE05 around 
 the inner edge of an incuse squai-e, 
 within which, a linear square contain- 
 ing a vine. 
 
 n Catal., vol. i. The attribution of these pieces 
 y are Macedonian. 
 
 3 c 2 
 
380 
 
 SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE 
 
 No, 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvkrse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 39-5 
 
 39-2 
 
 38-5 
 
 42-8 
 
 34-9 
 
 M -55 
 
 M -6 
 
 JR 05 
 
 M -6 
 
 66- JE -6 
 
 68-5 
 
 67- 
 
 M 
 
 M ■:> 
 
 Tr i obols 
 
 Foi'epai'i of pranciug horse 1.; trancatiou 
 dotted. 
 
 [AM 
 
 H 
 
 '[T] 
 
 A N 
 O 
 
 t/S n Similar type r. ; no dots. 
 
 M A 
 
 Forepart of prancing horse r. 
 
 Incuse square, within which, dotted square 
 enclosing vine-branch, with bunch of 
 grapes, 1. 
 
 M A 
 
 MA ; in field 1., kantharos. 
 
 A\ A Similar type ; branch r. 
 
 E n 
 
 EPI MHT POA nPO around a 
 dotted square containing a vine-branch, 
 with bunch of grapes, 1. 
 
 [Plate xxv 19.] 
 
 M -6 I (A\ ill iuscr.) 
 
 EPI NOY A\H NIOY; branch r. 
 
 (A ijierced coin.) 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Horse prancing r. ; beneath, NK 
 
 MAP flNI TflN round three sides 
 of a linear square, containing a vine. 
 
 beneath, /^ 
 
 monogi'am, off coin. 
 
MARONEIA 
 
 381 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 J/^CJ- circa 146 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Maroneia teas made a free ritt/ hi/ the Romans in the leyiiiniiuj of the second 
 
 ceuturij B.C. On the closing of the Macedonian mints it commenced to issue large 
 
 numbers of tetradruchins. Cf. Thasos, Nos. 14 ff. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 AtticStandard 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., Aveai-ing wreath 
 of ivy ; baud across the forehead. 
 
 AIONYZOY ZIITHPOS MAPHN 
 
 ITHN Dionysos, naked, standing 1., 
 holding grapes in r., and two stalks of 
 narthex in 1. ; his chlamys -wrajiped 
 round his 1. arm ; in field 1. and r., 
 monograms. 
 
 12 
 
 243-5 
 
 .11 1-35 
 
 ,' 
 
 /^ and J/^ 
 
 13 
 
 250-9 
 
 Al 1-3 
 
 
 NT and M 
 
 14 
 
 242-8 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 T»E aiid €Y 
 
 1 
 15 
 
 248- 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 (above front pai-t of wreath, Z) 
 
 TIE and ]/^ 
 
 16 
 
 243-9 
 
 .R 1-3 
 
 
 lAh. and y* 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxv. 20.] 
 
 17 
 
 247- 
 
 M 1-35 
 
 
 ■fe and :CA 
 
 18 
 
 238-9 
 
 Al 1-3 
 
 (in front part of wreath, Z) 
 
 ffE and PE 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., p. 129 (63).] 
 
 19 
 
 254-7 
 
 yR 1-45 
 
 
 t^ and ^ 
 
 20 
 
 248-2 
 
 yR 1-4 
 
 
 57 )) 
 
 21 
 
 234-7 
 
 Al 1-3 
 
 
 [71 and A€ 
 
 22 
 
 249-5 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 (in front part of wreath, Z) 
 
 |«b and T 
 
 23 
 
 248-5 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 „ and "pj 
 
 24 
 
 255-2 
 
 yR 1-35 
 
 
 ^ and B^ 
 
 25' 
 
 239-2 
 
 A\ 1-25 
 
 • 
 
 "r*k and T^ 
 
 1 •■^*-i 
 
 238-9 
 
 -K !-:{ 
 
 1 
 
 T*r and A 
 
382 
 
 SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 27 
 28 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 34 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 246-1 
 249-4 
 235-4 
 
 >49-2 
 
 234- 
 
 120-5 
 
 100- 
 73- 
 
 234-3 
 
 M 1-25 
 M 1-3 
 yll 1-3 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 105 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 JE -65 
 
 M 105 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 P8j and A- 
 and 1?sE 
 
 and 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 "wreath of ivy ; baud across forcliead. 
 
 AIONYSOY ZHTHPOZ MAPIIN 
 
 IXilN Dionysos, naked, 1., holding 
 bunch of gra])es in r. and two stalks of 
 the narthex in 1. ; chlamys wrapped 
 round his 1. arm. 
 
 in field 1., tt(? 
 
 Similar. M A PX2 N \T£1N Similar type. 
 
 in front, H ? 
 (No. 32 is restruck.) 
 
 in front, T?t 
 nothing visible in front. 
 
 ABDERA 
 
 Silver 
 
 Grca 500—450 B.C. 
 
 Ahclera, onr/hiaVij a colony of Clazomenae, was recolonized from Teas circa 544 B.C. 
 
 its colnfi follow (he type, but not the standard, of those of Teas. 
 
 The continuous fall in iveight is remarkable. 
 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 T e t r a d r a c h m s 
 
 I 
 
 Griffin, with rounded wings, seated 1., 
 farther foreleg raised; behind, AEO; 
 in fjont, cock 1. ; border of dots. 
 
 Shallow quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 [PlATK XXVI. 1.] 
 
MARONEIA— ABDERA 
 
 383 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obterse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type, but wing less rounded ; 
 griffin rears witli both forelegs ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 2 
 
 233-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 above, ASP A ; no ex. line. 
 
 
 3 
 
 226-3 
 
 M 1- 
 
 above, HP O ; above, large pellet ; 
 beneath, pecteu-shell ; ex. line dotted. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 2.] 
 
 
 
 
 Draclim 
 
 
 
 
 Griffin, with rounded wing (feathers not 
 indicated), seated 1., with fai-ther fore- 
 leg raised ; iu front, TEAE 
 
 Similar. 
 
 4 
 
 53-2 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chxa 450 430 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Ill the earl ij liar t of this period the fetradrachm loas 8 or 10 grains heavier than in 
 
 the later part. 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Standard (reduced) 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 5 
 
 223-9 
 
 ^ 1-05 
 
 Griffin, with pointed wing, rearing 1. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 AP TE MI2N ai-ound three sides of 
 a shallow incuse square, within which, 
 linear square containing kantharos ; on 
 fourth side, ivy-leaf. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 408 350 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Coins struck hetween 430 and 408 B.C. exhibit a further alteration in nieight. In the 
 
 latter year Ahdera came into the hands of the Athenians, and about that time yet 
 
 another change of standard is noticeable, for which see under Aechelaus III. The 
 
 autonomous coinage ended tohen the cifij passed under the sway of Philip II. 
 
 
 
 
 Persic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 (a) Earlier Series 
 
 
 
 
 Triobol 9 
 
 6 
 
 37-9 
 
 .H -65 
 
 Griffin, with pointed wing, rearing 1. 
 
 beneath, traces of letters? 
 
 (No. 6 is 
 
 ABA HPI TE nN written round 
 linear square, witliin which, head of 
 Apollo r., laur. 
 
 pierced.) 
 
38 i 
 
 SOUTHERN COAST OP THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 Weight 
 
 31-7 
 
 156-9 
 14S7 
 
 37-8 
 
 5G-7 
 
 61-5 
 
 19- 
 
 80- 
 
 122-5 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 .R -55 
 
 M -85 
 yR 1- 
 
 ^l -55 
 M -55 
 
 JE -6 
 
 JE -45 
 
 M -7 
 
 M 85- 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 GrifEn. with pointed wing, recumbent 1. 
 farther foreleg raised. 
 
 [EPI] 
 [r]AY§ANI[n] (in ex.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr., hardly visible. 
 
 (b) Later Series {Eednced We'(jJit) 
 Tetradrachms 
 
 ABAH[P] Griffin, with pointed wing, 
 ITEriN recumbent 1., farther 
 
 foreleg raised. 
 (I, off coin.) 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. 
 
 En [o]/v\HPoY 
 EPIEYPH 
 
 sirroY 
 
 (No. 9 is pierced.) 
 
 Triobols 
 
 5imilar. 
 
 (first half of inscr., off coin.) 
 
 Magistrate's name written round linear 
 square, within which, head of Apollo, 
 laur. 
 
 EPI [PYjeo KAE OS headl. 
 [EPI Alo] NYS AA[oS] 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 Griffin, with pointed wings, recumbent r. 
 on club ; farther foreleg raised. 
 
 ABA [HPI] TE p.N written around 
 linear square, witliin which, young male 
 head r. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 4.] 
 
 Griffin, with pointed wing, seated 1., 
 farther foreleg raised. 
 
 A BAH Similar type. 
 
 [Pi]TnN 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair long. 
 
 EPI [EPM II] N A KTOS around 
 quadripartite linear square, within each 
 of the divisions of which, a pellet. 
 
 _ _ O r — — written around a linear 
 square, within which, young male 
 head r. 
 
 A B A H P I rn N (in ex.) Griffin 
 
 recumbent 1., farther foreleg raised ; 
 border doubtful. 
 
 (A restrnck coin ?) 
 
THRACIAN CHERSONESUS 
 
 lis:. 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 ! 
 
 
 
 The Thracian Chersonesus 
 
 Silver 
 Aeginetic Standard | 
 
 Circa 480— 3S0 B.C. 
 
 lie/ore 480 B.C. tetradracTims of Attic tceiijht had been struck for tha Cliemonesiis, 
 
 probably under Miltiades* The mint from which these and the folloiciiuj tcere 
 
 issued is uncertain ; perhaps it was Cardia. 
 
 Hemidracliins 
 
 
 
 
 Forepart of lion r., looking back, paws 
 raised. 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square ; the alternate 
 depressions deeper. 
 
 1 
 
 36-3 
 
 M -5 
 
 
 in the deeper depressions, pellet and 
 bunch of grapes. 
 
 2 
 
 37-G 
 
 M -5 
 
 • 
 
 similar; tendril shown with grapes; above 
 pellet, A 
 
 3 
 
 36-4 
 
 JR -5 
 
 
 in depressions, plough r. and /^ 
 
 4 
 
 34-1 
 
 JR -5 
 
 
 in depressions, amphora, and \£ beside 
 pelhit. 
 
 
 
 
 AEGOSPOTAMI 
 
 
 
 
 No tou-H of this name is mentioned in histori/ ; the stj/le of the coins shows tJiem to he 
 later than the <jreat battle of 405 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Demeter 1., woitrlng earring, 
 necklace, and stepliaiuis, ornamented 
 with honeysuckle and wreath ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 AirO^ ro Goat standing 1. 
 
 1 
 
 147- 
 
 M -8 
 
 [Plate 
 
 xxvi. 5.] 
 
 2 
 
 64- 
 
 M ■(] 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 * Hohii, Gripch. Gesch 
 
 11., c-liaj). i., note 11. 
 
 3 D 
 
386 
 
 THRACIAN CHERS0NESU8 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvek.se 
 
 1 
 Rkverse 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 CARDIA 
 
 
 
 
 Cardia was originalli/ a colony of Miletics, whence perhaps the lion type. 
 
 
 
 
 For corns possibly struck there before 400 B.C., see p. 385. The city w<is 
 
 
 
 
 destroyed by Lysimachus in 309 B.C.* 
 
 
 
 
 Ciroi 4C0— 309 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Br(inze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Perseplione 1., wearing earring 
 and wi-eath of corn ; border of dots. 
 
 KAPAIA Lion 1., gnawing a javelin; 
 in ex., barleycorn. 
 
 1 
 
 137-5 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 137- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 beside barleycorn, traces of star? 
 
 
 
 
 COELA 
 
 
 
 
 Tiiiperial Coi)t<i(jc 
 
 
 
 
 Trebonianns Gal Ins 
 
 
 
 
 IMPVIBTRIBGALLUSAV Bust 
 of Treboniaiius Gallus r., laur., wearing 
 
 AELMVNICIP Wolf r. , sucklirg 
 CO EL twins. 
 
 
 
 
 cuirass and jialudamentum. 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gallienus 
 
 
 
 
 IMP GALLIH Head of Gallienus 
 r., laur. 
 
 A EL MOV Nl CIPCOE Seilenos 
 r., naked, extending r. hand ; over 
 1. shoulder, wine-skin. 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 JE -85 
 
 graffiti, B and • 
 
 * For regal coins iittributeil l)y Miillor to Car 
 
 AELMOV Nl CICO 
 
 lia, SOO At.EXANDEB THH GREAT, No9. 226 ff. 
 
CARDIA— SESTUS 
 
 nsi 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveksk 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 LYSIMACHIA 
 
 This citij was hullt hy Lysimachus after thr desfrucfion of ('(trdia. It was prohahly 
 4iric of his chief mints * After his death it issued aiiloucnnous hron::e coins. 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 280—220 B.C. 
 
 109- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Head of Demeter r., veiled, and wearing 
 •wreath of corn. 
 
 AYZI MA Beneath inscr., club r. ; all 
 XEriN within wreath of barley. 
 
 6& 
 
 M -60 
 
 SESTUS 
 
 BUONZE 
 
 Circa 350 u.o. 
 
 ThoiK/h Scsfu.'i was a place of importance in early times, it does not seem to hare 
 sirucJc money of its oicn till a comparaiivehj late epoch. 
 
 Head of Hermes 1., wearing wide petasos ; 
 plain border. 
 
 §A Demeier seated I., wearing tutulus 
 and liokling ears of coi'n ; in front, 
 amiihora. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 6. 
 
 * Sec under Lysimachus, Nos. 19 ff. and i!8 il. 
 
 :i \) 2 
 
388 
 
 ISLANDS OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 76- 
 
 M -75 
 
 68-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 85-; 
 
 M -55 
 
 IGO- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Islands of the Thracian Sea 
 
 HEPHAESTIA (LEMNOS) 
 Bkonze 
 
 Circa 280—190 B.C. 
 
 The foUoiciug icere prohahhj issued hdween th» death of Lysimaelins and the defeat 
 of Andochus the Great. The head on the Ohr. viaij postiihlij he a portrait 
 
 of the latter Tcinr/.* 
 
 Beai'dless male liead r., diademed. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 H<|)AI Ram 1. 
 
 in front, traces of symbol. 
 
 H <l> Racing torcli flaming, bound 
 
 - with fillet, between caps of the Kabeiroi. 
 
 in field r., caduceus. 
 
 MYRINA (LEMNOS) 
 
 Bkonze 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., 
 Corinthian helmet. 
 
 weai'iiis: crested 
 
 MYPI Owl facing; in field r., olive- 
 branch. 
 
 SAMOTHRACE 
 
 Bronze 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 The ram is a symhol of the cnlt of llerwes, whose worship assumed a peculiar fo) 
 {Pelasgic) among the Thracian islands. Cf. Hephakstia, No. 1. 
 
 Bust of Hermes r.. wearing close-fitting 
 putasos ; over shoulder, caduceus ; 
 chlamys about neck. 
 
 ZAMoePAKHN ZEIPnNoZ 
 TPinBoAo 
 
 Ram siandiug r. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 7.] 
 
 * See Holiv, Qricch. Gesch. iv., chap, xxvii., note 8. 
 
LEMNOS— THASOS 
 
 38;) 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 25- 
 
 M -55 
 
 147- 
 
 168-G 
 
 148- 
 
 /R -75 
 
 121 
 
 55 '2 
 
 /R -9 
 
 .R -8 
 
 M -s:; 
 
 .R r. 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested 
 Corinthian helmet. 
 
 XAM Forepart of ram standing r. ; 
 
 behind, AKHP 
 
 (A pierced coin.) 
 
 THASOS 
 
 Silver 
 Circa 550—403 B.C. 
 
 In type and weight the early coinage of Thasos should he compared with 
 
 that of the Orrescii and of Lete. The island loas brought under the stvaij 
 
 of the Athenians hy Kiinon circa 4G3 B.C. 
 
 Babylonio Standard 
 Staters 
 
 Ithyphallic satj'r, bearded, running r., 
 carrying in hi.s arms a nymph clad in a 
 long chiton ; the satyr's r. knee appears 
 to rest upon the ground, while the hair 
 of both figures is long and indicated by 
 dots. 
 
 fabric lumpy. 
 
 Similar, 
 fabric Hat. 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 8.] 
 
 Circa 463—411 B.C. 
 
 Under Athenian domination the style of the coins improrcd, while their iccight gradually 
 
 decreased. In 411 B.C. the estahlishment of an oligarchy was folloued 
 
 by a recolt from Athens. 
 
 Stater 
 
 Similar type ; nymjjh wears bracelets ; 
 hair of both figures indicated by stream - 
 insT lines. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 9.] 
 
 Ithyphallic satyr, bald, bearded, and with 
 horse's tail, carrying in his arms a 
 nymph clad in long chiton with diplois ; 
 her luur gathei'ed in a knot. 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Quadripartite incuse square. 
 
300 
 
 ISL.\NDS OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metat. 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ( V/f(( 411 — 350 B C. 
 
 
 
 
 The recolt loas iiiarlccd Jiij a clutiujc vf types and standard. The coinaije ceased 
 
 
 
 
 when the island passed tinder the rule of Philip. 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 P h e 11 i c i a u S t a n d a i' d 
 Didrachm 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Dioujsos 1., wearing 
 
 OA^ION Horakles kneeling r. on r. 
 
 
 
 
 wreath of ivy. 
 
 knee, bending hi.s bow to shoot ; he 
 wear.s lion's skin about his head and 
 shoulders, and a short skirt ; the whole 
 within a linear square. 
 
 T) 
 
 104-9- 
 
 Jl -7 
 
 
 in field r., |-P 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 7 
 
 ,571 
 
 .R -55 
 
 
 in.scr., off coin ; iu field r., thunderbolt. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 10.] 
 
 
 
 
 Tr ihe tniobol 
 
 
 
 
 Satyr, with long heard and hor.su's 
 
 OA[S] IXIN Amphora in incuse 
 
 
 
 
 tail, kneeling 1. on 1. knee, holding 
 
 square. 
 
 
 
 
 kantharos. 
 
 
 8 
 
 12-1 
 
 .R -45 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 280 B.C. 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Tin- folia winij were issued after the death of I.ijsimachns, of whose l-ingdom Thasos 
 formed part. No. 9 is considerahlij earlier than the others. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Demeter r., wearing veil and 
 
 GABION Heads of the Dioskouroi * 
 
 
 
 
 ■wreath of corn. 
 
 jugate r., each wearing laureate pilos, 
 surmounted by a star ; in field 1. and 
 r., vine- branch. 
 
 9 
 
 1-20- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * See Dr. B. Pick, Thral^i^clic MiiH:.lilder (in Jahrhuck den Kais. VcvAgchcu Arch. Jitslit., 
 
 
 
 
 vol. .\iii , 1898), p. I."i3. 
 
 
THASOS 
 
 391 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Herakles r., wearing 
 lion's skin. 
 
 OAZIIIN Strung bow, and club r. ; 
 within bow, anipliora. 
 
 10 
 
 • 56- 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 in field, ^j^ 
 
 ; 11 
 
 r.3- 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 . AA HP 
 
 > 12 
 
 51-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 
 „ "Fa ? 
 
 : 13 
 
 46- 
 
 JE -6 
 
 
 ffl 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 Bust of Artemis r., weai-ing stepliane ; 
 bow and quiver at slioukler ; drapery 
 about neck ; border of dots. 
 
 QAZIHN Herakles, naked but for 
 lion's skin about shoulders, advancing 
 r., with bent bow. 
 
 1-1 
 
 125- 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 in field r., |<^, Ti and |^ ; lion's .skin 
 covei-s head, A\'hich is bearded. 
 
 lo 
 
 125- 
 
 M -75 
 
 radar style. 
 
 in field r., 0, and traces of other letters ; 
 head l)ai-e ; (head beardless r"). 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 146 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tliasos VHis freed from Macedonian influence hy tJie Itomans in 196 B.C. The 
 foJldiritKj coins arc contrmporarij with Maroneia Nos. 12 ff'. (q.v.). 
 
 
 
 
 tSii.vEi: 
 
 
 
 
 Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 ^ Tetradrachms 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wi'eath of ivy ; band a(.'ross forehead. 
 
 HPAKAEOYZ ZilTHPOZ 
 
 0AZII1N Herakles, naked, standing 
 1., laur., holding- club downwards in r. , 
 and lion's skin over 1. arm, the lion's 
 scalp appearing over 1. shoulder. 
 
 16 
 
 248-8 
 
 /Il 1-2 
 
 
 in field v.. Yh 
 
 17 
 
 262-4 
 
 .R 1-35 
 
 
 in field 1., M 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 11.] 
 
 18 
 
 259-3 
 
 .R 13 
 
 
 in field 1., M 
 
 19 
 
 262-5 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 
 o M 
 
 20 
 
 254-8 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 
 5' 7? 
 
 
 
 
 [BMC, p. 223 (74).] 
 
 21 
 
 259- 
 
 .R 1-3 
 
 
 in field ]., |S| (or H '0 
 
 22 
 
 255-4 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 
 , H 
 
392 
 
 ISLANDS OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 JIetal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 f 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 26 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 239-3 
 
 247-9 
 
 237-9 
 259-7 
 
 226-8 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 .11 1-4 
 
 A\ 1-4 
 .11 1-3 
 M 1-5 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 THOIVT A3HI-A±0 0HAH05 
 
 in field 1., I 
 
 [Platk XXVI. 12.] 
 
 2VHZO znvzoz ozmz 
 
 in field 1., M 
 letters, formless. 
 
 (No. 25 is pierced.) 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 M. Aurelius 
 
 AYTOKPAXnP ANTXINEINOC 
 
 Head of M. Aurelius r., laur. 
 
 .E -75 
 
 ©ACIXIN Herakles, naked, standing 
 
 facing, head 1. ; lie holds lion's skin 
 over 1. arm, and leans with r. upon 
 club. 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 13.] 
 
 4 
 
EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS 
 
 393 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 80-5 
 
 M -6 
 
 European Coast op the Propontis 
 
 BYZANTIUM 
 
 Circa 400—350 B.C. 
 
 The follovnng is a specimen of the earliest silver issue of Byzantium. Previously 
 there had been a local currency of iron. After circa 354 B.C. silver loas struck on 
 the Fhoenician standard. ^P, xohich is peculiar to Byzantine coins, is not unlike 
 
 the Corinthian form of B • 
 
 Silver 
 
 Pei'sic Standard 
 
 Drachm 
 
 N^Y Heifer 1., standing upon dolphin Incuse square quartered (mill-sail pattern). 
 
 (To crossing the Bosporos?).* 
 
 212G 
 
 213-9 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 14.] 
 
 After circa 277 B.C. 
 
 The following series prohahhj began after the Byzantines bought off the Gauls, loho 
 
 had systematically raided their territory. Coins with the types of Nos. 2 and 3 
 
 continued to be issued until at least 221 B.C. In the latter part of this period 
 
 money was struck loith regal types. See Lysimachus, Nos. 8, 9, 32 _^'. 
 
 Silver 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 T 6 1 r a d r a c h m s 
 
 Head of Demeter r., veiled, wearing 
 earring, necklace, and wreath of corn. 
 
 ^P Y Poseidon seated r. on rocks, 
 
 himation round knees, holding aplustre 
 in extended r. and tiident over 1. 
 shoulder; in ex., EriC<t>OAPIA 
 
 1^ 
 
 in field r. 
 [Plate xxvi. 15.] 
 
 in field 1., $1 ; no ex. line; § in inscr. 
 
 * See J. N. Svoronos, NonifrftaTLK&. 'AvdAiKra (in Ephemeris, 1890, pp. 69 fF.). To the same 
 article is due the explanation of the Rev. type of Byzantium and Nicaea, Nos. 1 — 4. 
 
394: 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS 
 
 No. Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 112- 
 
 10-t- 
 
 166- 
 132-5 
 
 108- 
 
 117-5 
 
 67- 
 
 81- 
 
 ^ -9 
 M -9 
 
 M 1- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -75 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Beonze 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., -wearing taenia. 
 
 PI/ Trident 1., ornamented -with two 
 
 dolphins ; above and below wliicli, 
 
 Eni 
 
 AIOZKOYP 
 
 (No. 5 is pierced.) 
 
 Head of Demeter r., veiled and wearing 
 wreath of corn. 
 
 countermark, bunch of grapes. 
 
 Head of Apollo 1., laur. 
 
 Dionysiac head r., -wearing wreath of 
 ivj'. 
 
 countermai-k, helmet. 
 
 BYIAN _ _ Cornucopiae. 
 
 infieldl., EniHPAK 
 
 in field ]., traces of letters; countermark, 
 dolphin ; X in iuscr. 
 
 BYIANTI Obelisk on a round base ; 
 nN in field 1., En I MEN EK 
 
 BYIANTCIXIN] Poseidon standing 
 1., holding- Nike in r. and trident in 1. 
 
 in field 1. 
 
 EH I 
 
 Arnni[OY] 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 1G.] 
 
 First Cenlin-y B.C., and later. 
 
 The majority of ilie folloicing belong to Imperi(d Times. Cf. Nos. 10 /. vnth No. 25, 
 
 and Nos. V2 ff. loitli No. 34. The crescent, inhicli appears on Nos. 10 and 11, was a 
 
 Bijy.antinc eiuhlem. It was adopted hij the Turhs on their capture of Constantinople. 
 
 Head of Artemis r., -wearing stephane ; 
 at her shoulder, quiver ; border of dots. 
 
 Bust of Artemis r. ; drapeiy about neck ; 
 no stephane ; at her shoulder, quiver ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front. strnn<r how. 
 
 BVZANTinN Crescent; above 
 
 -which, star ; border of dots. 
 
 BVIANTinN Similar. 
 
BYZANTIUM 
 
 39.^ 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 12 
 
 96- 
 
 M -9 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing- 
 wreath of i\'y ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 BVZAN TinN Bunch of grapes, 
 with tendrils and leaf ; border of dots. 
 
 13 
 
 91- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 (inscr. begins in field 1.; no leaf.) 
 
 1^ - 
 
 TO- 
 
 M -S 
 
 
 
 1.5 
 
 ST- 
 
 JE -85 
 
 
 (inscr. begins in field 1. ; no leaf.) 
 
 16 
 
 73- 
 
 M -8 
 
 bust ; at sliouider, thyi-sos. 
 
 inscr., continuous. 
 
 17 
 
 83- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 Bearded male head r. (Poseidon ?) ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 BVZAN TinN Trident downwards, 
 around the shaft of which a dolphin is 
 twisted r. ; border of dots. 
 
 IS 
 
 21- 
 
 M -G 
 
 Coruucopiae ; border of dots. 
 
 BVSAN TIHN Heifer r. ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 17.] 
 
 
 
 
 llie names irhich appnar on the Bev. of Nos. 19.^'. cannot he thoye either of priests or 
 of magistrates in the ordinary sense. Bicinities arc mentioned on Nos. 19 and 23, and 
 a man alreadij dead on Nos. 21 /. and 24, loliere f-R and H are ahhreviations of 
 HPnZ-* No. 19 belongs to the reign of Hadrian, Nos. 20-22 to that of M. Aurelius. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Byzas r., bearded, wearing 
 winged and crested hehnet ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 Prow r. ; border of dots. 
 
 19 
 
 91-5 
 
 M -Sb 
 
 in front, BYZAZ 
 
 around, €niAHMHTPOC • TO B 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvi. 18.] 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Prow r., furnished with ram ; on it stands 
 an armed man r., extending- one arm ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 20 
 
 12()- 
 
 M '95 
 
 BVZAI 
 
 Similar. 
 
 around, EHIA lAICEVHPOV 
 
 Prow r. ; border of dots. 
 
 21 
 
 145- 
 
 M -95 
 
 BVZAI 
 
 eniAinoNTiKOv hP 
 
 22 
 
 119- 
 
 M -85 
 
 I) 
 
 * See Dr. B. Pick, Die Pcrsnn:n- wad Gottt 
 Ztitschr., xxvii., 1895, pp. 27 ff.). 
 
 eniA inoNTiKOvi-p type i. 
 
 rnainen aaf Kaisermiinzen von liijzantion (Kuiii. 
 
 3 E 2 
 
396 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 23 
 
 M 1- 
 
 24 
 
 JE 1-15 
 
 25 
 
 M -8 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 26 
 
 ^ 1-5 
 
 27 
 
 M 1-35 
 
 28 
 
 iE 1-3 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 Fanstina Junior 
 
 ANN<I>AVCT€IN ACGBACTH 
 
 Bust of Faustina r., draped. 
 
 €niTVXHC • noAewc • bysan 
 
 TIOJN Two tunny-fiblies 1. ; between 
 them, dolphin r. 
 
 Conimodus and Crispina 
 
 BPKPICniNACeBAVT . AAYPH 
 
 KOMO AOC Busts, face to face, 
 of Conimodus 1., head bare, and wear- 
 ing cuirass and paludameutum, and of 
 Crispina r., dra2)ed. 
 
 BYZANTinN€ni AIHONTI 
 
 KOYH Hekate running 1., 
 
 carrying two flaming torches, that in r. 
 raised, that in 1. lowered. 
 
 Jnlia Domna 
 
 lOVAl AAVr 
 
 r., draped. 
 
 Bust of Julia Domna 
 
 A NT I - 
 
 which is a star. 
 
 Crescent, within 
 
 Caracal! a 
 
 AVTKMAVPH A NTflNElNOC 
 
 AVr Bust of CaraciiUa, radiate, r., 
 
 wearing cuirass and j^aludamentum. 
 
 enXITAIAK AniTOA€INOVBV 
 
 ZAN (around) ; TII2N (in ex.) 
 The City, wearing modius, standing r., 
 holding cornncopiae in 1., while with r. 
 she hands agonistic urn with palm to 
 Emperor standing 1. 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 1.] 
 
 ANTnNEINOC AVTOVCTOC 
 
 Bust of Cai-acalla r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and aegis, and holding spear 
 over 1. shoulder. 
 
 AYTK M AY PH ANTnNEINOC 
 
 AYr Bust of Caracalla r., I'adiate, 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 enTITAIAKAniTH A€INOVAN 
 TnN€INIA (around) 
 BVZAN (in ex.) 
 TIX2N 
 
 Agonistic urn, containing palm, and 
 inscribed C6BACTA 
 
 €nTITAIAKAniTnA€INOVBY 
 
 (around); ZiNTIIlN (in ex.) 
 Emperor on horseback, prancing 1. 
 
 (This coin has a raised rim on both sides.) 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 2.] 
 
BYZANTIUM 
 
 397 
 
 / 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ANTIININOC AVrOVCTOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laur., wearing 
 cuii-ass and paludamentum. 
 
 EnAinOrTlKOV BVZANTinN 
 
 Tyche, standing facing, head 1., wealing 
 modius, and holding rudder and cornu- 
 
 29 
 
 
 JE 1-2 
 
 
 copiae. 
 
 30 
 
 
 jE 1-05 
 
 Similar. 
 
 EniAinorTlKOVBVUANTinN 
 
 (sic) Dolphin 1., between two tunny- 
 fishes r. and 1. 
 
 
 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 31 
 
 
 M 1-5 
 
 AVTKMAVPCEV AAEZAN 
 AP[0]C AVr Bust of Sevems 
 Alexander 1., radiate, weaiing paluda- 
 mentum, and armed with spear and 
 sliield. 
 
 (No. 31 i 
 
 EnMAVP4>PONTrNOCKAIAIA 
 
 <1)HCTHC (around) 
 
 BVZAN (in ex.) 
 
 T[i]nN 
 
 Emperor on horse, prancing r., spear 
 couched, chlamys flying behind. 
 
 s pierced.) 
 
 32 
 
 
 M 1-5 
 
 Similar. 
 
 MAVPCE VHAAE5ANAPOL 
 
 AVr (*■«'') Bust of Severus Alexander 
 r., wearing cuii'ass and paludamentum. 
 
 EnMAVP<|)PONTnNOCKAIAIAI 
 
 <I>HCTHC (around) 
 
 BVZANTI (in ex.) 
 
 nN 
 
 Empei'or on hoi'se, galloping r., about 
 to spear a lion which runs beneath his 
 horse. 
 
 BVSANTinNEniBAEAIMI- 
 EEVHPOV Nike standing 1., holding 
 wreath and palm ; in front, cippus, on 
 which is a crested Corinthian helmet. 
 
 33 
 
 
 JE 1-3 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 
 JE -8 
 
 MAVPEEVHAA EZANAPOCA 
 
 Bust of Severus Alexander r., laur., 
 wearing paludamentum. 
 
 Volus 
 
 BVZANTinN Vine-branch, with 
 bunch of grapes and two leaves. 
 
 ianus 
 
 35 
 
 
 JE -9 
 
 AVTKrBEIBOVOAOCEIANOCA 
 
 Bust of Volusianus r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 EniCAV PIKOVBVZANT 1 
 
 nN 
 
 Dolphin r., between two tunny- fishes 1. 
 
398 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Valeiianus Senior 
 
 36 
 
 
 JE 95 
 
 nAIKOVAAEPIANOCCE Bust 
 of Valeiianus r., laur., wearing cuii-ass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 BY ZA NTinN Nike facing, 
 slightly turned towards 1., holding 
 wreath and palm. 
 
 
 
 
 BYZANTIUM AND CALCHEDON IN ALLIANCE 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Third Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Poseidon 1., wearing taenia. 
 
 BY I AN Prow 1. 
 KAAXA 
 
 1 
 
 93- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Demeter r., veiled, and wearing 
 wreath of corn. 
 
 BYIAN Poseidon seated r. on rock, ' 
 KAAXA himation round knees; 
 
 he holds aplustre in extended r., and in 
 
 1. trident over shoulder. 
 
 2 
 
 160- 
 
 m -95 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 130- 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in field r., /2^ 
 
 
 
 
 BYZANTIUM AND NICAEA IN ALLIANCE 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coincuje 
 
 
 
 
 Valeiianus 
 
 1 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 nOVAI KOVAAEPIANOCCE 
 
 Bust of Valerianus 1., radiate, wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum, and armed 
 with shield and spear. 
 
 NIKAIEHN BYZANTlOsI 
 
 OM 
 
 ON 
 
 Ol 
 
 A 
 
 Two lorches of "fish-basket" shape; 
 between them, animal standing r. (or 
 vase containing ears of corn ?). 
 
 2 
 
 
 JE 1- - 
 
 (Nos. 1 and ; 
 
 i uru piuruod.) 
 
B YZANTIUM — PERrNTHUS 
 
 399 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Gallienus 
 
 3 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 n NrAAAIHNOCC€B Bust 
 
 of Gallienus r., radiate, wearing cuii-ass 
 and paludanientum. 
 
 NIKAEHN BYZANTinN 
 
 OM 
 
 ON 
 
 O 
 
 1 
 A 
 
 Similar type ; l^etween torches, lighted 
 altar ? 
 
 4 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 nOVAIKErNrAAAIHNOCClEB 
 
 Similar. 
 
 NIKAIEnNBYSANTinNOMON 
 
 OIA Uolpliiu r., between two tunny- 
 fishes 1. and r. 
 
 5 
 
 
 /E -85 
 
 
 first part of inscr., obscure. 
 
 
 
 
 PERINTHUS 
 
 
 
 
 Though Perinthus teas a veri/ ancient settlement, its earliest coins were of regal types. 
 
 See under Lysimachus, No. 31. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Under the Bomans 
 
 1 
 
 49- 
 
 M -7 
 
 Bust of Apollo 1., laur. ; in front, laurel- 
 branch ; border of dots. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 riEPIN OinN Lyre; border of dots. 
 XVII. 5.] 
 
 2 
 
 95- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Busts of Sarapis and Isis, jugate, r. ; 
 Sarapis wears modius ; Isis, head-dress 
 of horns, globe and plumes; plain 
 border. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 HEPINO IHN Bull Apis r., with 
 disc between horns ; plain border. 
 
 XVII. 6.] 
 
 3 
 
 88- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Bust of Sarapis r., wearing modius; plain 
 border. 
 
 riEPIN OIHN Harpocrates, naked, 
 standing 1., wearing on his head the 
 lotus, raising his r. hand to his mouth, 
 Orud holding cornucopiae and chlamys 
 on r. arm ; border of dota. 
 
400 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PROPONTIS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 46- 
 
 47- 
 
 83- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 iE -7 
 M -55 
 
 M -85 
 
 M -9 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 JE 1-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 yE '9 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Bust of Demeter r., veiled ; in front, ears Vase, containing poppy-Lead and ears of 
 of corn ; border of dots. corn ; border of dots. 
 
 HEPI NeiXlN 
 REPIN eiXlN 
 
 TONK TILTH N Head of bearded 
 Hei'akles r. ; border of dots. 
 
 nEPiNGiriN Bi^nKo 
 
 PUN 
 
 Humped bull standing r. ; boi-der of dots. 
 
 [Plate x.xvii. 7.] 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 Poppaea 
 
 nonnAiA zebazth Bust of 
 
 Poppaea r., draped, and wearing 
 Stephana. 
 
 n E Head-dress of Isis, consisting 
 
 of horns, globe, and plumes, ci'ossed 
 beneath by two ears of corn ; the whole 
 within wreath of olive. 
 
 Domitian 
 
 AYTOKKAIZAPAOMjTIANOZ- 
 
 ZEBP Head of Domitian r., laur. 
 
 HEPIN OinN Zens seated 1., 
 
 leaning on sceiitre, and holding jsatera 
 in extended r. 
 
 Trajan 
 
 AV • KAINE TPAIA NOZZE 
 BAZPE Head of Trajan r., laur. 
 
 AVKAINETPAIANOZZEBATE 
 
 Head of Trajan r., radiate. 
 
 HEP IN . . HN 
 
 standing, and lioldinc 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 Homonoia 1., 
 patera and 
 
 PEP I NGinN Tyche standing 1., 
 
 wearing niodius, and holding rudder 
 aiid cornucojjiae. 
 
 Julia Domna 
 
 lOYAIAA OMNACEB 
 
 Julia Domna r., draped, 
 
 Bust of 
 
 HEPIN eiriN NEHKOPriN 
 
 Homonoia standing 1., holding patera 
 and cornucopiae. 
 
PBRINTHUS 
 
 401 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 12 
 
 ^ 1-65 
 
 13 
 
 M 1-65 
 
 li 
 
 M 1-65 
 
 JE 1-65 
 
 16 
 
 M i(;5 
 
 17 
 
 M 1-5 
 
 Caracallii 
 
 AYT K MAYP C€OVI-P AN 
 
 OCAVr Bust of Caracalla r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass, with Gorgon's liead on 
 b) eastplate, and aegis on 1. shoulder, 
 holding spear in 1. 
 
 AVT- K- MAVPC60VI-P A fT 
 flNINOC-AVr Similar. 
 
 AVPC€OVI-P ANTflNIN 
 
 OCAVr Bust of Caracalla r., laur., 
 wearing cuii'ass and paludamentum. 
 
 HEPINGI n N NEnK[0]PnN 
 
 Sarapis standing 1., wearing modius, 
 and having sceptre in 1., while with r. 
 he holds uncertain object.* 
 
 n EPiNemNNE hkop 
 
 UN 
 
 Caracalla in quadriga 1., holding patera 
 and sceptre, ou the top of which is an 
 eagle ; horses walking. 
 
 TTEPI N einN Two temples at 
 NEXIKOPUN riglit angles to 
 
 each other; above, two agonistic urns 
 containing palms, beneath wliich, AK 
 TIAHVeiA 
 
 (No. 14 ha!< been gilt.) 
 
 AVTKM AVP CEOVI-P ANTH 
 NINOCAVr Similar. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar to No. 13. 
 
 (No. 15 has been tooled.) 
 
 n€PiNeinN 
 
 NGUKOPn 
 
 N 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Similar ; but agonistic 
 urns much smaller, 
 and beneath them, 
 
 AKTiAnvei 
 
 A 
 
 n€PiNei nNN€nKOP 
 
 HN 
 
 Herakles standing facing, naked but for 
 lion's skin round 1. arm ; he crowns 
 himself with r., and holds in 1. bis 
 club ; behind him, a tree, from which 
 are suspended his bow and quiver; at 
 his feet r., lighted altar, garlanded. 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 8.] 
 
 See Pk-k, Viv Aniilun Mlnncn Nonhjriedierdaiuh, iid. i. p. 311. note 3. 
 
 3 F 
 
402 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PEOPONTIS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Keverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 nePING IHN N€ flKO 
 PHN 
 
 Demeter and Homonoia standing facing. 
 Demeter on ]., head r., holds in r. ears of 
 corn, and in 1. long torch, on which she 
 leans ; at her feet 1., cista mystica, from 
 which issues serpent. Homonoia on r., 
 head 1., wearing modius, holds patera 
 and cornucopiae; at her feet 1., altar. 
 
 18 
 
 
 yBl -65 
 
 MAYPHAAN TflNINOCKAl 
 
 Bust of youthful Caiticalla r., wearing 
 paludameutum ; bead bare. 
 
 n€PINeinN N€IiKOPI2 Zeus 
 seated 1., holding patera and leaning on 
 sceptre. 
 
 19 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 
 
 
 AVTHC EnrETACCE Bust of 
 
 <t>IAAAEA<t>EIA HEPINeinN 
 
 
 
 
 Geta r., Lmr., wearing cuii-ass and 
 
 NEI1KOPX2 
 
 
 
 
 ])aludanientum. 
 
 N 
 
 Herakles advancing r., naked but foi' 
 lion's skin, which hangs from shoulders ; 
 high above his head he holds the Ery- 
 manthian boar which he is about to fling- 
 down before Eurystheus, who stands in 
 circular vessel 1., raising his hands as 
 if in fear. 
 
 20 
 
 
 M 1-55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Pl>ATE XXVII. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 Acenxr ctackaicap Bust 
 
 TT€PiNeinN N€nKOPn 
 
 
 
 
 of Geta r., wearing cuiras.s and paluda- 
 
 Dionysos standing, three-quarter face 
 
 
 
 
 meutum ; head bare. 
 
 towards 1., holding grapes and leaning 
 upon thyrsos. 
 
 21* 
 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Elagabalus 
 
 
 
 
 AVTKMAVPHA ANTI2NEINOC 
 
 HEPINeinNAI C NEflKOPIlN 
 
 
 
 
 AV~ Bust of Elagabalus r., laur. 
 
 Dionysos standing, as above; but thyrsos 
 filleted ; at his feet, panther 1. 
 
 22 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 AVTKMAVPCEVH ANTIINEIN 
 OCAV Similar. 
 
 nEPINGinNAICNEIlKOPnN 
 
 Naked male figure (athlete?) facing, 
 head r., dipping his r. arm into amphora. 
 
 23 
 
 
 m 1-1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * No. 21, on which Geta is only Caesar, is, of course, earlier than No. 20, as No. 19 is earlier 
 
 
 
 
 than Nos. 12 ff. The games of " brotherly love," mentioned on No. 20, were probably instituted 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 ' in lys B.C. {Num. ZviUchr., xxiii., 1891, pp. 78f.) 
 
 ' 
 
PERINTHUS 
 
 403 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 2i* 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 AVKMAVPCEV AAEJANAPOC 
 
 Bust of Severus Alexander r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass and jjaludamentum. 
 
 TIC 125 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 29 
 
 M 11 
 
 M -9 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1- 
 
 riEPIN eiWSl Within a dotted 
 
 BNE WKO circle, Zeus seated 
 PWN IWSWSI facing, holding patera 
 and sceptre ; at his feet 1., eagle ; in 
 field above are Helios r. in a quadriga, 
 above ■which, crescent, and Selene 1. in 
 a biga of bulls, above which, star ; 
 beneath the figure of Zeus are Gaia 
 and Thalassa recumbent; Gaia r., hold- 
 ing cornucopiae, Thalassa 1., holding 
 rudder, wearing head-dress of crab's 
 claws, and having at her feet, prow 1. ; 
 between the inner circle and the outer 
 border are the signs of the Zodiac. 
 
 IB.M.C, p. 187 (58).] 
 
 AYKMAYPLEYAE2ANAPOC 
 
 A[Yr] Similar type. 
 
 AVKMAVPC€VAA€ 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ANAPOC 
 
 HEPINGinNB N EHKOPHN 
 
 Sarapis standing 1., wearing niodius ; 
 Lis r. hand is raised, and he holds 
 sceptre in 1. 
 
 PEPIN© within wreath of laurel. 
 inNAIC 
 NEIIKO 
 PUN 
 
 Julia Mamaea 
 
 lOVAIAMA MAIAAVrO 
 
 of Julia Mamaea r., draped. 
 
 Bust 
 
 rEpmeinNB NEnKOPUN 
 
 Homonoia 1., wearing modius, holding 
 patera and cornucopiae. 
 
 (No. 27 is pierced.) 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVTKMANTr OPAIANOE 
 
 Bust of Gordian r., laur. 
 
 ANT 
 
 M ANTrOPAl ANOC AVTO 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 nEPINGin. AICNEHKOP 
 
 Naked athlete advancing r., holding 
 wreath and palm. 
 
 PEPIN within laui'el-wreath. 
 eiXlNAIC 
 NEHKO 
 PflN 
 
 * No, 24 is nndoiibtcdly false; it has all the appearance of a cast coin. Five geiiuino 
 specimens are known ; I have had before mo an impression of the line ono in the liiitish 
 Museum. 
 
 :3 F 2 
 
404 
 
 EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Kevekse 
 
 30 
 
 M -9 
 
 CI -I 
 
 jE -85 
 
 Tranquillin; 
 
 CABEINIAT PANKVAAEINA 
 
 Bust of Ti'iiuquilliiia r., drajjed and 
 wearing stephaiie. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 inscr. obscure. 
 
 HEPINeinN AICNEIIKO 
 
 Demeter standing 1., veiled, holding 
 ears of corn in r., and leaning with 1. 
 on long torch. 
 
 HEPiNeinN 
 
 Winged Nemesis 
 scales and bridle. 
 
 BNEHKOPHN 
 
 standing r., holding 
 
 I 
 
DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 405 
 
 No. 
 
 1 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Tub Danudian Distkict 
 
 
 
 
 DACIA 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial 
 
 Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 The Era of Dacia hegins in the summer of 246 A.D. The eagle and the Hon 
 
 on the Bev. are the emhlems of the v. and the xiii. legions respectively. See 
 
 partiodarly No. 2, and cf. the coins of Viminacium. 
 
 
 
 
 Philippi 
 
 Ls Senior 
 
 
 
 
 IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG 
 
 Bust of PliilippTis r., radiate, wearing 
 cuirass and paludanientuni. 
 
 PROVINCIADACIA Dacia 1., 
 wealing Phrygian cap and long chiton ; 
 holds in r. curved sword, in 1. standard ; 
 on her r., eagle facing, looking up, 
 holding wreath in beak ; on her 1,, lion 
 advancing 1. 
 
 1 
 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Similar, but head laur. 
 
 in ex., AN 1 
 
 Similar; but on standard in 1. is inscribed 
 XIII, while in the ground to 1. is 
 planted another standard inscribed V- 
 
 2 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 in ex., AN • II 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvn. 10.] 
 
 3 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Otacilia 
 
 MARCIAOTACIL lASEVERA 
 
 AVG Bust of Otacilia Severa r., 
 draped and wearing stephane. 
 
 AN III (PROV INCIADA CIA) 
 
 Severa 
 
 PROVINCIADACIA Dacia standing 
 as on No. 1, between eagle and lion, 
 holding cui'ved sword and standard. 
 
 4 
 
 
 ^ 11 
 
 Trajanu!^ 
 IMPTRAIANVSDECIVSAVG 
 
 P)Ust of Trajaiuis Decius r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 in ex., AN • 1 ' 
 
 Decius 
 
 PROVIN C [lADACIA] Dacia 
 standing 1. between eagle and lion ; she 
 wears a crown, and holds branch and 
 sceptre. 
 
 f) 
 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 
 in ex., AN nil 
 
406 
 
 DANUBTAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Herennia Etruscilla 
 
 
 
 
 HERETR[ySCI]LLAAVG Bust 
 of Herennia Etruscilla r., draped and 
 wearing stepliane. 
 
 PROVN C . . ADACIA («>, 
 
 with 1 omitted, and two confused letters 
 before A) Similar type. 
 
 6 
 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 
 in ex., AN nil 
 
 
 
 
 Hostilianus 
 
 
 
 
 CVALHOSTMQVINTVSC Bust 
 
 of Hostilianus r., head bare, wearing 
 cuirass and j'aludamentum. 
 
 PROVIN CI ADACIA Similar 
 type. 
 
 7 
 
 511- 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 in ex., AN V 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 7 is '2 of an inch in thickness.) 
 
 
 
 
 Volusianus 
 
 
 
 
 IMPCCVIBVOLVSIANVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Volusianus r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and jjaludaraentum. 
 
 PROVI N C [IAD]ACIA 
 
 Similar type ; but Dacia wears Phrygian 
 cap, and holds curved sword and stan- 
 dard ; a standard planted in ground 1. 
 
 8 
 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 
 in ex., A N V 
 
 
 
 
 VIMINACIUM 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 The Era of Viminaciuin hegins in the antmnn of 239 A.D. The hill and the lion 
 
 are the emblems of Hie vii. and iv. legions respeciivelij. See particidarly 
 
 No. 11, and cf. the coins of Dacia. 
 
 
 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 
 
 
 IMPCAESMANTGORDIANVS 
 
 AVG Head of Gordian r., radiate. 
 
 PMSCO LVIM Female figure 
 (Moesia ?) facing, head 1., wearing long 
 chiton, holding her hands over the 
 heads of a bull and a lion, which stand 
 r. and 1. on either side of her. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ^ -85 
 
 IMPCAESMANTGORDIANVS 
 
 AVG Bust of Gordian r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 in ex., AN • 1 • 
 Similar. 
 
 2 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 in ex., AN • 1 • 1 • 
 
DACIA— VIMINACIUM 
 
 407 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PMSC OLVIM Similar type. 
 
 3 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 head radiate. 
 
 in ex., AN • 1 • 1 • 
 
 •i 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 head laur. 
 
 IMPGORDIANVSPIVSFELAVG 
 
 Bust of Gordian :■., radiate, wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 inex., ANIII 
 
 Similar. 
 
 5 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 in ex., ANIII 
 
 6 
 
 
 yE ■',) 
 
 Similar ; but head laur. 
 
 inex., ANIII 
 Similar. 
 
 7 
 
 
 M ll,-) 
 
 
 inex., ANIIII 
 
 8 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 [Plate x 
 Similar ; but head i-adiate. 
 
 XYII. 11.] 
 Similar. 
 
 9 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 
 inex., ANIIII 
 
 10 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 Similar. 
 
 PMS C O LVIM Similar type, 
 but figui'e holds in her hands standards 
 inscribed V 1 1 and 1 1 1 1 respectively. 
 
 11 
 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 
 inex, ANIIII 
 
 
 
 
 Philippus Senior 
 
 
 
 
 IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG Bust 
 of Philippus r., laur., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 PMSC OLVIM Similar type. 
 
 12 
 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 
 in ex., ANV 
 
 i;! 
 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 IMPIVLPHILIPPVSPIVSFEL 
 AVGP M Similar type; but head 
 radiate. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 iu ex., ANV 
 
408 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG 
 
 Similar type ; head laur. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 u 
 
 
 M 12 
 
 
 in ex., ANVI 
 
 15 
 
 
 M 115 
 
 
 in ex., ANVII 
 
 16 
 
 
 M 115 
 
 • 
 
 in ex., ANVII 1 
 
 17 
 
 
 /E 11 
 
 IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Philippus r., laur., wearing 
 cuii-ass and paludamentum. 
 
 in ex., ANVI III 
 
 Similar. 
 
 18 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 in ex., AN XI 
 
 
 
 
 Trajanus Decius 
 
 
 
 
 IMPCAESCMESQDECIVSPF 
 
 AVG ]3ust of Trajanus Decius r., 
 laur., wearing cuii'ass and j'^'luda- 
 mentum. 
 
 PMSC OLVIM Similar type ; but 
 figure holds branch and sceptre, on 
 the top of which stands a Nike 1. 
 cariying wreath aud palm. 
 
 19 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in ex., ANXI 
 
 Similar ; but figure holds nothing in her 
 hands. 
 
 20 
 
 
 JE 11 
 
 
 in ex., ANXI 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Hostilianus 
 
 
 
 
 CVALHOSTMQVINTVSCAE 
 
 Bust of Hostilianus r., head bare, 
 wearing cuirass and jjaludamentum. 
 
 PMSC OLVIM Similar type. 
 
 21 
 
 
 --E 1- 
 
 
 in ex., ANXII 
 
 22 
 
 
 M 105 
 
 
 >> » 
 
 
 
 
 Trebonianus Gallus 
 
 23 
 
 
 M M 
 
 IMPCGALLVJPFELIXAVG Bust 
 of Gallus r., laur., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in ex., ANXI II 
 
 24 
 
 
 vE -95 
 
 
 M J) 
 
VIMINACIUM— CALLATIA 
 
 400 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 M 105 
 M 11 
 
 27 
 
 JE -9 
 
 28 
 
 M 1- 
 
 54- 
 
 M -65 
 
 M 105 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reyeese 
 
 IMPCCVIBVOLVSIANVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Vuliisiamis r., ]aur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 (IMPCAECVIBVOLVSIANO 
 AVGj 
 
 Volusianus 
 
 Similar. 
 
 ine.x., ANXII 
 in ex., AN XIII 
 
 IMPCMAEMILAEMILIANVSA 
 
 Bust of Aeiiiiliauus r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and jjaludanientum. 
 
 Aemilianus 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in ex., AN XIV 
 
 IMPVALERIANVSPAVG Bust 
 
 of Valei'iiuius r., hiur., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 Valerianus 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in ex., AN XVI 
 
 CALLATIA 
 
 See also nncler Lysimachus, No. 10. 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Third Centtirij B.C. 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing t <|>|A Club r. 
 wreath. KAA 
 
 poor condition ; rim slightly raised. 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 AV K MAVP ANTHNINO C 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laiu'., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 KAAAAT lANHN Artemis, in 
 
 short chiton and endromides, running 
 r., chlamys flying behind her; in r., a 
 bow ; with 1. she plucks arrow from 
 quiver at her shoulder ; in field r. , € * 
 
 On this value-mark, see p. 417. 
 
 3 G 
 
410 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 3 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 Similar. 
 
 KAA A A TIA NHN • € Eagle [ 
 facing, head r., wings open, standing on ! 
 altar between two standards. 
 
 
 
 
 Gordiau III. 
 
 
 
 
 AVTKMANTrOPAIANOCAVr 
 
 Bust of Goi-diaii r., laui"., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentuni. 
 
 1 
 KAAAA T lANHN Sarapis seated 
 1. on throne, wearing modius ; r. ! 
 extended ; with 1. he leans on sceptre ; 
 at his feet, Cerberus. 
 
 4 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 
 in field 1., E 
 
 
 
 
 DIONYSOPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 
 
 
 ANTWNIOC rOPAIANOL A/" 
 AVT • K • M • 
 
 Busts, face to face, of Gordian r., 
 laiu'., wearing cuirass and paluda- 
 mentuni, and of Sarapis 1., wearing 
 modius. 
 
 AlONVCOCn] OAITXIN Hygieia : 
 standing r., feeding serpent out of ! 
 patera. 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 JE 1-1 
 
 
 in field 1., E 
 
 
 
 
 ISTRUS 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 The Ohv. type of the coins of Istrus probably refers to the cult of the DiosTcouroi. 
 
 Nos. 1 and 2 ctppear to be Phoenician staters, and to date from circa 400 — 350 B.C., 
 
 while No. 3 is an Aeijinetic drachm, and slightly later. 
 
 
 
 
 Two young male heads, side by side, 
 facing, one of them inverted. 
 
 ISTPIH Sea-eagle, with closed wings, 
 standing 1. on dolphin 1., and tearing it 
 with his beak. 
 
 1 
 
 104-3 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 beneath eagle's tail, <|> 
 
 2 
 
 103-7 
 
 M -75 
 
 
 „ E 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 12.] 
 
 3 
 
 85-6 
 
 yR -7 
 
 
 beneath eagle's tail, A; beneath dolphin, 
 traces of ^ 
 
CALLATIA— MARCIANOPOLIS 
 
 411 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 jE 1 
 
 JE -85 
 
 M -6 
 
 .E ] 
 
 iE 1- 
 
 MARCIANOPOLIS 
 
 When the name of a person occurs on tlte Rev., it is that of the Bonian governor 
 
 of Moesia Inferior, who loas nsnallij of consular rank (vTrartKoq), though once at least 
 
 of inferior standing (/;y€/xoji/), as on No. 9.* 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 Septimius Severus 
 
 AYKAC€n C€YHPOCn Bust 
 
 of Septimius 8everus v., Uiuv., wearing 
 cuii'ass and paladamentum. 
 
 VKPENTIANOV MAPKIANO 
 
 TTOAITnN_ Tyche standing 1., 
 
 wearing modius, and holding rudder 
 and cornucopiae. 
 
 AVKA 
 
 type. 
 
 C€VHPOC 
 
 Similar _ _] <l>AOVAni ANOV MAPKIA 
 
 NOTTO [ Honionoia 1., wearing 
 
 modius, and holding cornucopiae in 1. 
 
 r. hand, obliterated. 
 
 AVAC€nTI C6VHPOC 
 
 type. 
 
 AV KA C€ C€VHPO 
 
 type. 
 
 Similar 
 
 Similar 
 
 MAPKIANO nOAITHN Tyche 
 
 1., wearing modius, and holding rudder 
 and cornucopiae. 
 
 MAPKIANO nOAITIlN 
 
 Ilomonoia 1.. wearing modius, and 
 holding patera and cornucopiae. 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 ANTflNINO C ni OC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laur. 
 
 VHKVNTIAIA NOVMAPKIANO 
 
 AIT (sic) 
 
 n N 
 
 Zeus, naked, standing r., holding patera 
 and sceptre ; at his feet 1., eagle. 
 
 VnKVNTIAlANO VMAPKIANO 
 no A I 
 
 T n 
 
 Homonoia 1., wearing modius, holding 
 patera and cornucopiae, standing before 
 flaming and garlanded altar. 
 
 * Poi full troatmout of the qiiestious conuectod with the luagistratoi' nauies on the followiiiu- 
 coins, see Dr. B. Pick in Num. Zeitschr., vol. x.\iii. (1891), pp. 32 ff. 
 
 3 Li 2 
 
 ANTHNINOC HIOC AVTOVC 
 
 XOC Similar type. 
 
412 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvebse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 11 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 l;^ 
 
 M 1- 
 
 .-E -95 
 
 .E 1- 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Cai'acalla and Julia Domna 
 
 ANT IlNINOCAY[rOYCT]OC 
 
 lOVAI A Busts, face to face, of 
 Caracalla r., laur., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum, and of Julia Domna 1., 
 draped. 
 
 above, traces of [A]OM^A 
 
 VnKVNTIAIANOVM APKIANO 
 
 TTOAITUN Dcnieter standing 1., 
 holding ears of corn and sceptre. 
 
 in field 1., € 
 (No. 7 is pierced.) 
 
 Elagabalus 
 
 AVTKMAVPHAI ANTilNEINOC 
 
 Bust of Elagabalus r., laur. 
 
 VniOVAANTCEAE VKOVMAP 
 K I AN OTTO Nemesis 1., holding 
 
 scales and staif ; at her feet 1., wheel. 
 
 in ex., traces of AITX2N 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 AVT[KMAVPC]EVH AAEZAN 
 
 APOC Bust of Severus Alexander 
 r., laur., wearing cuirass and paluda- 
 mentum. 
 
 AVTKMAVP CEVH AAEZAN 
 
 APOC Similar type, without 
 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 Similar, with cuii^ss and paludamentum. 
 
 Similar, without H hi inscr. 
 
 K"^MTEPEBENTINOV MAPKIA 
 NOnOAl 
 
 T rN 
 
 Homonoia 1., holding patera and cornu- 
 copiae. 
 
 VnTIBIOVA<l)HCTOVMAKIA 
 
 NOnOAITrN Similar type. 
 
 . _ _ HCTOVMAKIANO 
 TTOAITUN Eagle facing, wings 
 
 open, head 1., holding wreath in its 
 beak. 
 
 Vn<t>IP<MAOnATTT OV MAPKIA 
 NOTTOAIT Homonoia 1., holding 
 
 patera and cornucopiae. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVTKMANXrOPAIANOr. _ _ 
 
 Bust of Gordian !■., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 MAPKIAN OTTOAITIIN 
 
 Homonoia 1., wearing modius, and 
 holding patera and cornucopiae. 
 
 I 
 
MARCIANOPOLIS— NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM 
 
 413 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Gordian III. and Tranquillina 
 
 1-i 
 
 
 M 11 
 
 AVTKMANTrOPAIANOCAV" 
 C€B 
 
 TPANKVA 
 A€INA 
 
 Busts of Gordian r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum, and of 
 Tranquillina 1., draped, and wearing 
 stephane. 
 
 VnXEPTVAAAIANOVMAPKIA 
 NOnOA , 
 
 T 
 
 n 
 
 N 
 
 Homonoia 1., holding patei-a and cornu- 
 copiae ; at her feet 1., altar? 
 
 in field 1., E 
 
 
 
 
 NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM 
 
 
 
 
 llic magistrate who appears on the coins of Commodus is the legate of Thrace; 
 afterwards the nu}ues are those of the governors of Moesia.* 
 
 
 
 
 Commodus 
 
 I 
 
 
 /E 1-05 
 
 AV TKAIMAPAVPH KOMOAOC 
 
 Head of Commodus r., laur. 
 
 NGIKon. POCICTP - _ KAIKC€ 
 
 PoY €IA Asklepios and Hygieia 
 facing; Asklepios on ]•., head 1., holds 
 staff, round which serpent twines ; 
 Hygieia on 1., head r., holds patera, 
 from which another serpent feeds. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 13.] 
 
 
 
 
 Septimius Severus 
 
 2 
 
 
 JE -65 
 
 C6VHPOC Bust of Severus 
 
 r., laur., wearing cuii-ass and paluda- 
 mentum. 
 
 NIKOnOA[l nPOCI]CTP 
 
 Tripod, round \yhich serpent twines. 
 
 o 
 
 
 M -65 
 
 _ _ KA _ _ CEVHPOC Similar, 
 inscr., obscure. 
 
 AVKAICE CEVHPOC Similar. 
 
 NIKOnOAl nPOCICTP Hygieia 
 
 r., feeding serpent out of patera. 
 
 [N 1 K] OnpAITnNnPOC[ICTP] 
 
 Crescent, within which, star. 
 
 •i 
 
 
 M -65 
 
 AVKAICE CEVHPOC Head of 
 Severus r., laur. 
 
 NIKOnOAl nPOCICTP Artemis, 
 as huntress, running r., holding bow in 
 r., and with 1. drawing arrow from 
 
 5 
 
 
 iE -7 
 
 ■:a r\,. i-» r>! i_ -vr '• ■ i 
 
 quiver. 
 
 Dr. B. Pick, Nuiit. Zciischr.. xxiii., 18SJ1. pji. 33 f. 
 
414 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 6 
 
 
 JE -75 
 
 7 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 8 
 
 
 .E -85 
 
 9 
 
 
 yE 105 
 
 10 
 
 
 JE 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 .E 105 
 
 12 
 
 
 .E 1- 
 
 13 
 
 
 yE 1'05 
 
 Obverse 
 
 AVKA CEVHPOC Similar. 
 
 no K visible. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 NiKonpAinpocic coiM 
 
 serpent, with head erect r. 
 
 NIKOnOAimNnPOCI similar 
 type. 
 
 Julia Doinua 
 
 lOVAIAAO MNAC€BA Bust 
 of Julia Domua r., draped, wearing 
 stephane. 
 
 NIKOnOAIT IlNnPOCICT . . . 
 
 Pallas facing, head r., helmeted ; she 
 leans with r. upon inverted spear, and 
 lays her 1. on shield, which rests on a 
 pedestal. 
 
 Geta 
 
 A • CEHTIMI • r€TAC • KAICAP 
 
 lUi.st of Geta r., liead bare, wearing 
 cuirass and paludameiitum. 
 
 --JTAAAOVNEI KOnOAITIlN 
 
 TTPOC[ Aj)ollo Saiiroktouos r., 
 
 his 1. arm leaning on the trunk of a 
 tree ; in his r., an arrow. 
 
 [Plate xxvii. 14.] 
 
 Mil 
 
 acrmus 
 
 AVTKMOnEAA[IC€V] MAKPEI 
 
 NOC Bust of Alacrinus r., laur., 
 
 Aveai'ing cuii'ass and paludamentuin. 
 
 AVTKMOn€AA C£VMAKPI 
 
 NOC Similar type. 
 
 AVT .On€AC€V MA..€INOC 
 
 Bust of Macrinus r., laur. 
 
 AVTKMOneAC€V MA - _ - 
 
 Bust of Macrinus r., laui-., wearing 
 cuirass and paludanieutum. 
 
 VnCTAAONriNOVNIKOnOAl 
 
 TUNTTPOCI Apollo, naked, stand- 
 ing 1., holding laurel-branch and bow. 
 
 h'ame inscr. Warrior standing 1., hel- 
 meted ; he res*:s his r. on his shield, 
 and leans with 1. upon inverted sjDcar. 
 
 first part of inscr., obscure. 
 
 VnCTAAONTINC JHP Similar 
 
 OCICT type 
 
 vnCTAAONTINOVN IKOHOAI 
 
 TUNTTPOCIC Hermes standing 
 r., holding purse and caduceus; chlauiys 
 over 1. arm. 
 
 I 
 
NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM 
 
 415 
 
 No. 
 
 Wp:ight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 14 
 
 M 1-0.5 
 
 15 
 
 M 11 
 
 16 
 
 M 1- 
 
 17 
 
 M 11 
 
 18 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 19 
 
 M 11 
 
 AVTKMOn€A C6VHMAKPI 
 
 N OC Siimlar type. 
 
 AVTKMOneAA 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 CeVMAKPI 
 
 VnCTAAONriNOVNIKOnO 
 AITilNnPOC 
 
 I c 
 
 Apollo, naked, standing 1., holding 
 patera and branch. 
 
 vncTAAONn N ov[N] I K ono 
 
 AITXINHP 
 
 ociCTPn 
 
 Zens seated 1., lioldiug patera, and 
 leaning upon sceptre. 
 
 Diadumenianus 
 
 MOHEAAIA AOVMENIANOC 
 
 Bust of Uia.ilumenianus r., head bare, 
 wearing cuii'ass and paludamentum. 
 
 VnCTAAO t\r I N y N I KOnOAl 
 
 THNTTPOCI Asklepio.s facing, 
 
 head 1., leaning on stall:', I'ound which 
 serpent twines. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVTKMANTr OPAIANOCAVr 
 
 Bust of Gordian r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 AVTKM ANTIl 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 rOPAIANOC 
 
 VnCABMOA€CT [ ] HN 
 
 rpocic 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 T 
 P 
 O 
 N 
 
 AVTKMANTr OPAIANOC 
 
 AVr Similar type. 
 
 VnCABMOA€CTOVN ... HO 
 A€ITnNnP 
 
 c 
 
 T 
 P 
 O 
 
 N 
 
 OCI 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 VnCABM _ N 
 
 nPOCICTPON 
 
 Tetrastyle temple, ^vithi^ which, statue 
 of goddess 1., holding cor unco piae. 
 
416 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 20 
 
 Weight 
 
 "r:30- 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 M 11 
 
 M -9 
 
 JE -71 
 
 M -65 
 
 M -65 
 
 AVTKMANTr OPAIANOCAVr 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Reverse 
 
 VnCABMOA€CTOVN [IKOHO 
 
 AiTjrNrpoc 
 
 I 
 c 
 
 Nemesis 1., holding staf? and cornu- 
 copiae ; at her feet, ^\ heel. 
 
 TOMIS 
 
 Bronze 
 
 Before Boman Dominion 
 For gold probably struck at Tomis at this time see Lysimachus, Nos. 11-13. 
 
 Head of Poseidon r., wearing taenia. 
 
 countermark, small head (of Hermes ?) r. 
 
 TO Ml Eagle r. ; beneath, ZK 
 all within oak-^^Teath. 
 
 Period of Boman Dominion. 
 
 TOMOC KTICTHC Young 
 
 male bust r., diademed ; shoulders 
 draped ; border of dots. 
 
 TOM€ITnN 
 
 Herakles 1. 
 
 Head of bearded 
 
 KTICTHCTOMOC Young male TOM€ fl C Bearded Herakles 
 
 head r., diademed ; border of dots. standing 1. ; he is naked but for lion's 
 
 skin round 1. arm ; leans with r. hand 
 upon club, and holds in extended 1. 
 patera; border of dots. 
 
 [PXiATE xxvii. 15.] 
 
 Head of Demeter r., veiled, wearing 
 wreath of corn ; border of dots. 
 
 TO M I Two ears of corn upright ; 
 
 "Yit) N border of dots. 
 
 beneath, AnOAW 
 [Plate xxviii. 1.] 
 
TOMIS 
 
 417 
 
 No. 
 
 Wkioht 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 1 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 The letters Ad B, P, A. AC, aid E on the Bcv. of the coins of this and other 
 
 Euxine towns are marks of value indicating 1|, 2, 3, 4, 4|, and 5 aa-adpia respectively. 
 
 They point to the existence of an important Monetary League.* 
 
 
 
 
 Marcus Aurelius 
 
 
 
 
 Bust of M. Auivlius, laur., r. 
 
 MHTPOnoN TOVTOM€ £1 C 
 
 Apollo 1.. naked but for clilamys round 
 1. arm, holding branch and bow ; in 
 front, tripod- lebes ; in field r., B 
 
 5 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 traces of inscr. 
 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 2.] 
 
 
 
 
 Plautilla 
 
 6 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 nAAVTIAAAC€B Bust of 
 
 Plautilla r., clra}>L\l. 
 
 MHTPOn O TOM€nC Nike 
 ndvaneing r., holding wreath and palm; 
 in field 1., F 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 
 
 
 n C€nTi r€TAC k Bust of 
 
 young Geta r., head bare, wearing 
 cuirass and paludameutum. 
 
 MHTP HON . . M€nC 
 
 Artemis standing r., with drawn bow; 
 quiver on shoulder ; in field 1., traces 
 of -|? 
 
 7 
 
 ■ 
 
 JE -95 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 3.] 
 Julia Mamaea 
 
 8 
 
 
 rE -95 
 
 lOVAIA MAMAIAAVr Bust of 
 
 Julia Mamaea, r., dra])ed. 
 
 MHTPOnON TOVTOMEnC 
 
 Artemis, clad in short chiton and 
 endromides, running r., holding in 1. 
 bow ; with r., drawing arrow from 
 quiver; in field 1., P 
 
 
 
 
 Maximini;8 
 
 
 
 
 AVTMAI 1 M 1 NOCEVCEBI-CAV- 
 
 Bust of Maximinus, laur., r., wearing 
 cuii-ass and paludameutum. 
 
 MHTPOnONT oVToMErt: 
 
 Military figure facing, wearing helmet 
 and cuirass ; liead towards 1. ; he leans 
 on spear with 1. and rests r. on shield ; 
 in field 1., A 
 
 9 
 
 
 vE 1-05 
 
 * Sco Prof. r. Gardner in Num. Chroii., 187() 
 1891, pp. 41 tt'. 
 
 , pp. 307 if., and Dr. B. Pick, in Num. Zcilschr., 
 
 3 H 
 
418 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 GorJiau III. 
 
 10 
 
 
 ZE 1'05 
 
 AVTKMANXr OPAIAN - - 
 
 Bust of Gordiiin r., laui'., wearing 
 cuirass and paliidanientuin. 
 
 MHTPOnON TOVTOM 
 
 Enc 
 
 Kybele seated 1., holding in r. patera, 
 and leaning with 1. elbow on tympanum; 
 on either side of her, lion 1. ; in field 1., 
 traces of A 
 
 11 
 
 
 M 11 
 
 AVTKMANT Similar 
 type. 
 
 MHTPOnONTOVT OMEnC 
 
 Hygieia r., feeding serpent out of 
 patera ; in field 1., A 
 
 12 
 
 
 IE 1- 
 
 AVTKMANTr OPAIANOC/^ 
 
 Similar tyite. 
 
 MHTPOnON [TOVTOME] 
 
 n 
 . ^ . 
 
 Military figure facing, wearing helmet 
 and cuirass ; head towards 1. ; he leans 
 on spear with 1., and rests r. on shield; 
 in field 1., A 
 
 
 
 
 ODESSUS 
 
 
 
 
 27*6 ' mighty god ' of Odessn.s was doubtless originnlli/ a Hellenic divinity, though in 
 
 laic times there inny have been a tendency to identify him loiih Sara2}is.* For other 
 
 coins of this town, sec under Alexandek the Gkeat, Nos. 07 and 68. 
 
 
 
 
 Second Century B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Attic Standard (reduced) 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 1 
 
 232-2 
 
 /R 1-35 
 
 Bearded male head r., wearing taenia ; 
 hair falling in lank locks. 
 
 [Plate x 
 * See Dr. B. Pick, Thralci, 
 
 0EOYM EPAAOY The ' mighty god ' 
 OAHZITHN of Odessus 
 standing 1., draped, and holding patera 
 and cornucopiae ; beneath, KYPXA 
 
 xviii. 4.] 
 
 chc Mihtzhilder, jip. 155 ff. 
 
TOMIS -ANCHIALUS 
 
 419 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Revekse 
 
 ^ -65 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 1- 
 
 yE l-O: 
 
 I 
 
 JE 1 
 
 Iiujjerial Cohuxjc 
 Antonimis Pius 
 
 A AAPIAANTnN€INOC 
 
 C€BAC Head of Aiitoniuus Pius, 
 
 laur., r. 
 
 OAHCC€ I First six letters of 
 
 TUN inscr. on a base, 
 
 on Avliich tlie ' mighty god ' of Odessus 
 recumbent 1. ; lie leans 1. ai'm on a 
 cushion, and holds patera and coi-uu- 
 cojiiae ; at his feet, uncertain object. 
 
 [ Plate 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 5.] 
 
 Caracal la 
 
 AVKMAVPCeVhPOC ANXniSE 
 I NO C Bust of Caracalla r., 
 
 laur. 
 
 OAHCC € ITriN The 'mighty 
 
 god' of Odessus standing 1., draped, and 
 wearing modius ; he holds patera and 
 cornucopiae; at his feet l.,a lighted altar. 
 
 MAYPAA€ ZANAPOC Bust 
 of Severus Alexander r., head bare, 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C, p. 138 (13).] 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 OAHCC EITHN 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 ANTIlNIOCrOPAIANOC 
 
 AVTKM 
 
 ]3usts, face to face, of Gordian and 
 Sarapis ; Gordian r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum ; Sarapis 1., 
 wearing modius, with shoulder draped, 
 and cornucopiae at 1. shoulder. 
 
 OAHCC El TXIN Sarapis standing 
 1., wearing- modius, he raises r. hand 
 and holds sceptre transversely in 1. 
 
 in field 1., E 
 
 ANCHIALUS 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 Anchialus, with other iovms, received the title of OVATTIA i't honour of Trajan. 
 
 Septiraius Severus 
 
 AVTKC - - CEVHPOCHE Bust 
 
 of Septlmius Severus r., laur., wearing 
 ciiirass and paludamentum. 
 
 TKC: doubtful. 
 
 OVAHIAC ArXIAA^ Sarapis 
 seated 1., wearing modius, and holding 
 patera and scepti-e ; at his feet, 
 Cerberus. 
 
 [Plate xxviu. G. 
 
 3 H 2 
 
420 
 
 DANUBIAN DISTRICT 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 ' Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Julia Domna 
 
 2 
 
 
 JE -95 
 
 lOVAIA AOMNA - _ Bust of 
 Julia Domna r., di'aped. 
 
 ArXIA AEHN Dionysos, naked, 
 standing 1., holding kantharos and 
 filleted thyrsos ; at his feet, panther 1. 
 
 
 
 
 Tranquillina 
 
 
 
 
 CABINTPANKVAAINAAVr 
 
 Bust of Ti-auquilliiia r., draped, and 
 wearing stephane. 
 
 APXIAA EflN Homonoia 1., wearing 
 niodius ; .she holds patera and cornu- 
 copiae. 
 
 3 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 APOLLONIA 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 450—350 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Nos. 1 — 3 have long been of nncertain attrihutton. At last, on the evidence of 
 finds, a settled home appears to have been secured for them in Thrace* 
 
 
 
 
 A Anchor inverted ; in field 1., crayfish. 
 
 Head of Gorgon in incuse circle. 
 
 1 
 
 48-2 
 
 .11 -65 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C. 
 
 Mijsia, II. 3.] 
 
 2 
 
 52-5 
 
 M -55 
 
 Similar type ; in field r., ci-ayfish. 
 
 Head of Gorgon in shallow incuse circle. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C. Musia, ii. 2.] 
 
 3 
 
 42-1 
 
 M -5 
 
 in field 1., A 
 
 type varied. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C. Mijsia, 11. 6.] 
 
 
 
 
 * It is not, however, quite certain that 
 have been struck at a town of similar name 
 D. E. Taccliella and Dr. B. Pick in Rev. Numi 
 
 they belong to Apollonia Pontica. They may 
 on the Aegean coast. See articles by Signer 
 smatique, 1898, pp. 210 ff. No. 1 is pierced. 
 
ANCHIALUS-MESEMBRIA 
 
 421 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Iiiqicrial Coinage 
 
 Septimius Severus 
 
 AVKAC€TT C€VHPOCn Bust 
 
 of Septimins Severus, laur., r., wearing? 
 cuirass and jjaludameiitum. 
 
 AHOAA HNI HT GHN 
 ENHONTn 
 
 Tetrastv'le temple, facing ; between the 
 two central pillars, figure of divinity, 
 standing with crossed legs, leaning 
 with r. arm upon pillar (?) ; in the 
 pediment, small circular ornament. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 X.WIII. 
 
 7.] 
 
 181 
 
 Al -4 
 
 The famous statue of Apollo by Kalamis was carried off to Rome by Lucullus (Strabo, 
 319), so that it is very doubtful whether it can bo connected with the Rev. typo of this coin. 
 The figure here is turned to 1. ; otherwise, its pose recalls that of the Apollo Sauroktonos 
 on the Rev. of Nicopolis, No. 9. I do not, however, feel sure that it is Apollo at all ; it 
 may be Artemis wearing short chiton, and having quiver on 1. shoulder. 
 
 MESEMBRTA 
 
 Circa 450 — 350 B.C. 
 
 Jlie fotiii of the sibilant ichich appears on the Bev. of No. I is peculiar to the 
 coins of this city. For A\ struck here at a later date see under 
 Alexander the Great, No. 77. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Attic Standard? 
 
 Diob ol 
 
 Ci-ested helmet, facing. 
 
 AAETA between the four spokes of a 
 wheel, sui'rounded by couvei-giug lines 
 or rays. 
 
 (A pierced coin.) 
 
 [Plate x.xviii. 8.] 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 Philippns (Senior or Junior ?) and Otacilia 
 
 M 1- 
 
 AVTMIOVA<I)IAinnOi:MW 
 TC6BI-PA 
 C€B 
 
 Busts of Philippus and Otacilia, facing; 
 Philippns r., laur., and wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum ; Otacilia 1., wearing 
 stephaue, and di'aped. 
 
 M€CAMBP lANHN Demeter 1., 
 holding ears of corn and long sceptre. 
 
422 
 
 THE TAURIC CHERSONESUS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 The Taukic Cuersonesus 
 
 
 
 
 CHERRONESUS 
 
 
 
 
 This town stood near the site of Schastopol. The coin-ti/pes iUustnitc the 
 2iopul(triti/ of the cult of Artemis in the district. 
 
 
 
 
 Fourth Centunj B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Quadriga r., galloping, driven by Artemis, 
 who holds whip in r. and reins in 1. 
 
 XEP Naked warrior, wearing conical 
 helmet, kneeling 1., and sheltering him- 
 self behind shield ; his spear lowered. 
 
 1 
 
 11-i- 
 
 M -8 
 
 \_B.M.C., 
 
 p. 2 (5).] 
 
 
 
 
 After circa 300 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Uncertain Denominations 
 
 
 
 
 Head (of Artemis V) r. , wearing wi-eath of 
 laurel. 
 
 XEP (traces of, in field r.) Artemis 1., 
 weai-ing short chiton, kneeling on 
 prostrate stag, which she pierces with a 
 spear ; in her 1., behind her, a strung 
 bow ; at shoulder, quiver. 
 
 2 
 
 ¥J- 
 
 /R -75 
 
 
 beneath, EYPYAAMOY 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 2 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate \ 
 
 XVIII. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Artemis r., diademed ; at her 
 shoulder, bow and quiver. 
 
 Similar type, of late style. 
 
 3* 
 
 60-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 * Of doubtful authenticity. It looks as if 
 Combe's Descrijptiu (Tab. 67, xviii ). 
 
 iufieldi, AHMHT PIOY 
 
 it may liavc boon cast, It was engraved in 
 
 1 
 1 
 
CHERRONESUS— PANTICAPAEUM 
 
 423 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Mktal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eevekse 
 
 
 
 
 PANTICAPAEUM 
 
 
 
 
 F///// Centnrij B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Drachm 
 
 1* 
 
 47- 
 
 Al -6 
 
 Lion's scali^ facing. Incuse square, divided by diagonal lines. 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 10.] 
 
 Circa 350 B.C. 
 
 PfDiiicnpncum drew ahiindancc of (joldfroiii the Urals, ivhence iKrliaps 
 the exceptional weight of its staters. 
 
 Gold 
 
 Euboic -Attic Standard (raised) 
 
 State r 
 
 2 
 
 140-8 
 
 iV -75 
 
 Head of bearded Pan 1., crowned with 
 ivy-leaves and berries. 
 
 A Griffin, with horns and lion's 
 P N head, advancing 1., and raising 
 r. forepaw ; he shows full face, and 
 holds in his jnouth a lance ; beneath 
 his feet, ear of barley 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 11.] 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Phoenician Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Head of bearded Pan, three- quarter face 
 toward 1. 
 
 A Head of ox 1. 
 
 r N 
 
 3 
 
 54-3 
 
 /R -05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 5(6).] 
 
 
 
 
 BUONZE 
 
 4 
 
 lOO- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of bearded Pan r. 
 
 A Forepart of running griffin 1. ; 
 f N beneath, sturgeon 1. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., p. 7 (20).] 
 
 
 
 
 * On the attribution of such coins to Pauticapaeum instead of to Ai)olionia, see Gicl, Kleine 
 
 
 
 
 Beitriiije zur oniike'ii NvjmsmatiV Stuln,i<shm(h (M 
 
 )Scow, ]HH(i), vp. 20 ff. 
 
424 
 
 THE TAURIC CHERSONESUS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 31- 
 
 ^ -45 
 
 117- 
 
 61- 
 
 75- 
 
 M -8 
 
 M -75 
 
 M -75 
 
 After circa 30: • b.c. 
 Bronze 
 
 Young male head r., bound with diadem, j TTAN in a plain field. 
 
 I 
 [Plate xxviit. 12.] 
 
 Head of Apollo r., lani'. ; hair long, 
 arranged in formal curLs. 
 
 Similar typo ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar typo ; hair plaited. 
 
 riAN TIK[A] Tripod-lebes, against 
 riAl Tn[Nj which leans a 
 
 filleted thyrsos ; in fields r. and 1., 
 traces of monograms. 
 
 riANTIKA Stern of ve.ssel ; border 
 HAITnCN] of dots. 
 
 riANTIKA Pegasos 1., feeding; border 
 [HAIjTnN of dots. 
 
THEACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 425 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Thkacian Kings and Dynasts 
 
 UNCERTAIN DYNAST 
 
 Before circa 400 B.C.? 
 
 Free horse prancing 1. 
 
 58-5 
 
 M -65 
 
 Eagle flying upwards holding a serpent in 
 its talons. 
 
 64-9 
 
 /R -7 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 13.] 
 
 This coin was assigned by Combe to Chalcis, obviously on account of the Rov. type. 
 Imhoof-Blumer (Zeitschr. fur Numism., 1874, p. 323) suggested Sparadocus (dynast of Thrace, 
 circa 430 B.C.). The type of the free horse occurs in combination vrith that of the eagle and 
 serpent on the M of Olyuthus (B.M.C. Macedon, p. 87), and there is now in the British 
 Museum a coin with the name of Sparadocus, bearing the same types.* 
 
 LYSIMACHUS f 
 
 323—281 B.C. 
 
 For the first 17 years of his reign Lysimachus struck coins in the names of 
 
 Alexander the Great and Fhilip Aridaeus. He did not begin to issue money 
 
 in his own name till after his adoption of the title /3acrtA.ev5 in 306 B.C. 
 
 After 306 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Drachms 
 
 Head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's 
 skin. 
 
 AYZIMAXOY BAZIAEnZ (title 
 
 beneath throne) Zeus Aetophoros 
 
 seated 1. on throne without back, his r. 
 lest drawn back behind his 1. 
 
 in front, foi'epart of lion 1., and /^ ? 
 within wreath ; beneath thi'one, fs^, 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 8.) 
 
 * Mr. G. F. Hill, however, would rather attribute the Hunter coin to Seuthes {circa 424 B.C.), 
 comparing the style of the Obv. with that of the horse on the coin of Seuthes published in Num. 
 Chron., 1892, PI. i. 5. To me the style of the Rev. seems too advanced for the fifth century. 
 
 + In dealing with the money of Lysimachus, the same principle has been adopted as in dealing 
 with the money of Alexander the Great. With certain limitations (for which see p. 2J6 footnote), 
 tlie arrangement will be found to correspond with that of Miiller in his Miinzen dcs Tkrakischen 
 Koniijs Lyskiiachus (Copenhagen, 1858), to which reference is made tlu'oiighout. 
 
426 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 64-6 
 
 64-3 
 
 59-3 
 
 63- 
 
 62-5 
 
 130-8 
 
 132-6 
 
 /R -7;: 
 
 Al -7 
 
 M -75 
 
 -'R -75 
 
 M -75 
 
 A^ -8 
 
 N -8 
 
 in front, forepart of lion 1., and ^ ; 
 beneath throne, typ 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 11.) 
 
 in front, forepart of lion 1., and ^'\ ; 
 beneath throne, head and neck of 
 giiffin 1. 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 14.] 
 
 border of dots. in front, forepart of lion 1. and crescent with 
 
 horns 1.; beneath thi'one, pentagram, 
 
 (Miiller, No. 20.) 
 
 border of dots. similar to preceding, but, in j)lace of 
 
 crescent, <|> 
 
 (Miiller, No. 21.) 
 
 border of dots. inscr. differently arranged ; in front, fore- 
 
 part of Pegasos 1.. and forepart of lion 
 1. ; beneath throne, flaming torch. 
 (Miiller, No. 24.) 
 
 The coins of Lysimachns, like those of Alexander the Great, were struck at 
 mimerous mints, and were largely imitated by succeeding generations. In 
 Byzantium and the cities of the Euxine they continued to he issued till the 
 middle of the First Century B.C. Nos. 12 — 14, for instance, are of the time 
 
 of Mithradates the Great. 
 
 Gold 
 Euboic- Attic Standard 
 
 Staters 
 
 Head of Alexander the Great* 
 diademed, and having ram's horn. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 B A Z I A E n Z Pallas Nikephoros 
 
 AYZIMAXOY seated 1. on 
 
 throne witli lion's feet ; her lance leans 
 asrainst her r. shoulder, and her 1. arm 
 rests on shield with uncertain device 
 (lion's head ?). 
 
 no symbols or monograms. 
 
 Similar; in ex., ornamented trident 1. 
 
 in front, ITT ; beneath throne, BY ; on 
 shield, lion's head ? 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 15.] 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 151 [Byzantium].) 
 
 * Contrary to the view generally accepted, Dr. von Sallet regards this as the head of 
 Lysimachus, his reason being that it occurs on the coins of Lysimachia. See Berlin Catal., 
 i. p. 302. Inihoof-Bliimcr {PortriitkorSe, p. 17) believes it may occasionally be the head of 
 Lvsimachus. 
 
LYSIMACHUS 
 
 427 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 128-6 
 
 N -85 
 
 130-3 
 
 130-8 
 
 127-2 
 
 128-2 
 
 126-4 
 
 N -75 
 
 N -85 
 
 N -85 
 
 N -8 
 
 N- -8 
 
 129-9 
 
 130-4 
 
 131-4 
 
 AT -8 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 AT -75 
 
 92-2 
 
 N- -85 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 in front, J^ ; beneath throne, BY ; on 
 shield, human face surrounded by rays 
 (Gorgon ?). 
 
 (Miiller, No. 171 [Byzantium].) 
 
 in front, ^ ; beneath throne, KAA 
 device on shield, uncertain. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 258 [Callatia].) 
 
 in front, A I ; beneath throne, TO ; on 
 shield, Gorgon's head on aegis. 
 
 (Miiller, No, 270 [Tumi].) 
 
 in front, OEM; beneath throne, TO ; 
 on shield, star-like ornament. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 273 [Tomi].) 
 
 in front, AlO ; beneath throne, TO 
 on shield, star-like ornament. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 277 [Tomi].) 
 
 in front, A I ; beneath throne, |Z ; device 
 on shield, uncertain. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 284 [Istria].) 
 
 BAZIAEflZ Similar type; no 
 
 AYZIMAXOY trident. 
 
 in front, ^^ ; on shield, lion's head. 
 (Miiller, No. 483 [Uncertain].) 
 
 in fi-ont, fi^ ; on shield, lion's head ? 
 (Miiller, No. 508 [Uncertain].) 
 
 in front, yfij* ; device on shield, uncertain. 
 (Miiller, No. 518 [Uncertain].) 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above type. 
 
 Barbarous imitation of above inscr. and 
 type, with trident 1. underneath. 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 16.] 
 
 3 1 2 
 
428 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Wkight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 
 Euboic - Attic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tetradraclims 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Alexander the Great r., diademed, 
 and having ram's horn. 
 
 BAZIAEHZ Palks Nikephoros in 
 AYZ 1 M AXO Y same attitude as on 
 the gold staters. 
 
 19 
 
 259-9 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 37 
 
 in front, forepart of lion 1. ; on shield, 
 lion's head ? 
 
 [Lysimacliia].) 
 
 20 
 
 26C-2 
 
 .41 1-2 
 
 no border. 
 
 
 in front, lion's head 1., and ^ ; beneath 
 throne, f^ ; shield plain. 
 
 21 
 
 256-4 
 
 Al 1-25 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 (A pierced coin. Miille 
 
 in fi'ont, lion's head 1. ; beneath throne, 
 j\ ; on shield, Gorgon's head on aegis. 
 
 -, No. 51 [Lysimacliia].) 
 
 22 
 
 258-5 
 
 /R 1-2 
 
 no boi'der. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 53 
 
 in front, pentagram and /^ ; in ex., 
 lion's head 1. ; on shield, uncertain 
 device. 
 
 [Lysimacliia].) 
 
 23 
 
 2G0-5 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 no borde]'. 
 
 [Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, bearded term 1., and ^ ; on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 91 [Sestus].) 
 
 24 
 
 268-3 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, caduceus, the lower half of the 
 handle of which forms the long stroke 
 of a P J behind, 't- ; on shield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 102 [Aenus].) 
 
 25 
 
 264-G 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 
 
 similar to preceding ; but behind, |^ 
 (or K)- 
 
 106 [Aenus].) 
 
 26 
 
 2G3-2 
 
 .R 12 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 (Muller, No. 
 
 in front, caduceus ; behind, fly upwai'ds ; 
 on shield, Goi-gon's head on aegis. 
 
 112 [Aenus].) 
 
 27 
 
 253-1 
 
 .R 1-25 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 in front, caduceus ; place of symbol 
 behind, off coin ; device on shield, \ 
 doubtful. 
 
LYSIMACHUS 
 
 429 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 28 
 
 262-8 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 110 border. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, X ^^^^ buncli of gi'iipes ; on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 12-1 [Maroiieca].) 
 
 29 
 
 2G0-9 
 
 .11 1-25 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 (Miillor, No. ] 
 
 in front, head and neck of griffin 1. ; 
 beneath throne, |^ ; on sliield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 -•26 [Abder.a].) 
 
 30 
 
 261-6 
 
 .H 1-25 
 
 HO border. 
 
 
 ill front, head and neck of griffin 1., 
 and m ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 127 [Abdera].) 
 
 31 
 
 264-4 
 
 .11 1-25 
 
 110 boi'der. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, foreparts of two horses back to 
 back; in ex., ^ ; on shield, lion's 
 head within dotted cii'cle V 
 
 130 [Periuthus].) 
 
 32 
 
 261-6 
 
 /R 1-35 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 [Plate xx 
 
 in front, fo^ ; on throne, BY ; on shield, 
 Gorgon's head on aegis. 
 
 VIII. 17.] 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Similar type; ou 
 AYSIMAXOY throne, BY; 
 in ex., ornamented trident 1.; on shield, 
 Gorgon's head on aegis. 
 
 33 
 
 253-5 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 15. 
 
 in front, ^ 
 5 [Byzantium].) 
 
 34 
 
 233-7 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 16>' 
 
 i [Byzantium].) 
 
 35 
 
 254-2 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 18c 
 
 [Byzantium].) 
 
 36 
 
 255-2 
 
 .R 1-5 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 191 
 
 I [Byzantium].) 
 
 37 
 
 260-3 
 
 .R 1-45 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 19.- 
 
 1^ 
 
 ) [Byzantium].) 
 
430 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 257-1 
 
 254-9 
 
 257-3 
 
 254-7 
 
 255-9 
 
 249-3 
 
 262-1 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 M 1-4 
 
 iR 1-4 
 
 .^l 1-45 
 
 /R 1-4 
 
 .R 1-4 
 
 Al 1-35 
 
 262- 
 
 221-8 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 285-3 
 
 .R 1-3 
 
 255-6 
 
 R 115 
 
 257 9 
 
 .R 1-05 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 BAZIAEHZ 
 AYZIMAXOY 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 in front, P^ ; in ex., ear of corn 1. ; 
 device on shield, uncertain. 
 
 (Double-struck. Cf. Miiller, No. 251 [Callatia].) 
 
 (beneath neck, K) 
 
 in front, ithyphalUc term 1., and trophy 
 on pole facing ; in ex, -8- ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 287 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 
 in front, P, and trophy on pole facing; 
 on shield, star of eight rays within 
 three concentric circles, of which the 
 centre one is dotted. 
 
 [Plate xxviu. 18.] 
 (In spite of its exceptional weight, No. 47 appears to be genuine. Cf. Miiller, No. 291.) 
 
 (beneath neck, K) ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, crescent with horns 1., and 
 trophy on pole facing ; in ex., I ; on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 294 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front, g?^ within wi'eath ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 301 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 
LYSIMACHUS 
 
 431 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 .50 
 
 51 
 
 52 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 264- 
 
 261- 
 
 260'6 
 
 53 261-3 
 
 257-3 
 
 255-8 
 
 265-1 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 257-7 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 257-9 
 
 262- 
 
 257-8 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 no border. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 no border. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 similar, -with addition of § in front. 
 (Miiller, No. 302 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 
 in front, |\/E ; in ex., ^ ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 314 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 
 in front, flower ; on shield, lion's head. 
 (Miiller, No. 331 [Traelinm].) 
 
 in front, star of eight rays, and hP ; on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 339 [Uranopolis]. A pierced coin.) 
 
 in front, eagle r. ; on shield, lion's head. 
 (Miiller, No. 342 [Aphytis].) 
 
 in front, aplustre, and |-P ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 356 [Uncertain Macedonian].) 
 
 in front, 5v ^^^ ^ I beneath throne, 
 club r. ; in ex., ear of corn 1. j on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 371 [Heraclea ad Pontum].) 
 
 in front, AN ; in ex., ear of corn 1. and 
 KAAXA ; on shield, series of rajs 
 radiating from circle in centre. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 376 [Calchedon].) 
 
 in front, ^, and crescent with horns 1. ; 
 on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 392 [Sigeum].) 
 
 in fi'ont, ^ ; in ex., crescent with horns 
 1. ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 399 [Sigeum].) 
 
 similar; biit in front, H-* 
 (Miiller, No. 401 [Sigeum].) 
 
■>X1 
 
 432 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 Gl 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 67 
 
 OS 
 
 69 
 
 246-3 
 
 258-8 
 
 247-3 
 
 258-2 
 
 261-2 
 
 257-8 
 
 259-9 
 
 256-9 
 
 260-1 
 
 70 262-8 .-R 1-05 
 
 Al 1-1 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 /R 1-25 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 rR 1-2 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 JR 1-15 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 257-9 
 
 .R 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 Ijorder of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 110 border. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 no border. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 in front, traces of monogr. ; in ex., S ; 
 on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 40a [Pergamum].) 
 
 in front, <l>, and female head r., wearing 
 turreted crown ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Miillcr, No. 408 [SmyrnaJ.) 
 
 in front, club downwards, and ^N. ; 
 in ex., bow in case, and \-^ ; on 
 shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. MuUer, Nos. 409 S. [Erythrae].) 
 
 similar, but P] and 2^ 
 
 (Miillcr, No. 410 [Erythrae].) 
 
 similar, but j^ and /^ 
 
 (Miillcr, No. 415 [Erythrae].) 
 
 in front, club downw.ards ; in ex., ^ f 
 and bow in case ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 419 [Erythrae].) 
 
 in front, bee 1. ; in ex., E 
 (Miiller, No. 426 [Ephesus].) 
 
 in front, /^ and bee upwards ; in ex., 
 thunderbolt ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 [Plate xxviii. 19.] 
 (Miiller, No. 433 [Ephesus].) 
 
 in front, f^ ; in e.x., maeander pattern ; 
 on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miillcr, No. 438 [Magnesia].) 
 
 in front, racing torch ; on throne. ^ 
 within plain circle ; on shield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 (Miiller, No. 4i2 [Chrysaoris].) 
 
 in front, racing torch filleted, and 
 on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 41-3a [Chry.saoris].) 
 
LYSIMACHUS 
 
 433 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 72 
 
 267-6 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 in front, racing-torch ; behind, bee up- 
 wards ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 1 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 445a [Chrysaoris].) 
 
 73 
 
 261-8 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 uo border. 
 
 
 in front, >£ ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 (Miiller, No. 479 [Uncertain].) 
 
 1 
 
 74 
 
 260-4 
 
 yR 1-1 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 similar ; but ^ 
 
 75 
 
 259-8 
 
 M 115 
 
 no border. 
 
 
 in front, |^E ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 484 [Uncertain].) 
 
 76 
 
 261-8 
 
 ^l 1-2 
 
 no border. 
 
 
 in front, fSf and ^ ; on shield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 492 [Uncertain].) 
 
 77 
 
 258-8 
 
 yR 115 
 
 no border. 
 
 
 in front, 3K ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 (Miiller, No. 527 [Uncertain].) 
 
 78 
 
 261-4 
 
 yR 115 
 
 no boi-der. 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 
 
 in front, M ; device on shield, doubtful. 
 534 [Uncertain].) 
 
 79 
 
 250-2 
 
 yR 1-15 
 
 no l>oi-dei-. 
 
 
 in front, \^ ; in ex., ^ ; device on 
 shield, doubtful. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 79 is pierced.) 
 
 80 
 
 263-7 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 
 in front, |^ ; behind, }fif ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 542 [Uncertain].) 
 
 81 
 
 262-4 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 boi-der of dots. 
 
 
 in front, R* ; behind, >^ ; on shield, 
 Gorgon's head on aegis. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 548 [Uncertain].) 
 
 82 
 
 259-1 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 no border. 
 
 
 in front, (^ ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (A pierced coin. Miiller, No. 5.50 [Uncertain].) 
 
 83 
 
 263-1 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 no Ijorder. 
 
 in front, 1^ ; on shield, lion's head. 
 (Miiller, No. 555 [Uncertain].) 
 
 84 
 
 261-3 
 
 yR 1-2 
 
 no border. 
 
 (Miiller,, No. 56 
 
 in front, A 5 o" shield, lion's head. 
 
 3 [Uncertain].) 
 
 3 K 
 
434 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 85 
 
 86 
 
 87 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 91* 
 
 263- 
 
 253- 
 
 260-5 
 
 263-2 
 
 66-4 
 
 64-8 
 62- 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 JR 1-2 
 
 JR 75 
 
 M -75 
 M -7 
 
 Similai- type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 BAriAEnZ Similar type. 
 AYZIMAXOY 
 
 on shield, lion's head. 
 [Plate xxviii. 20.] 
 
 Similar ; Pallas holds spear in 1. 
 
 above, A I ©UN ; in front, ithyphallic 
 horned satyr 1., with r. hand raised, 
 and gi'aspiug pedum in 1. ; in ex., 
 ornamented trident 1. ; device on shield, 
 uncertain (probably Gorgon's head). 
 
 [Plate xsis. 1.] 
 
 Similar ; spear as usual. 
 
 in front, FyI , and club downwards ; 
 in ex., p*j ; on shield, lion's head. 
 
 (No. 87 is pierced.) 
 
 Similar. 
 
 in front, |<, ^ and ithyphallic term 
 1. ; in ex., ear of corn 1. ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 [Plate xxix. 2.] 
 
 Dr ac hms 
 
 Head of Alexander the Great r., diademed 
 and ha^'ing ram's horn ; border of dots. 
 
 BAZIAEI^Z 
 AYZIMAXOY 
 
 Pallas Nikephoros in 
 same attitude as on 
 tetradrachma. 
 
 in front, bow and quiver ; on shield, lion's 
 head? 
 
 (Miiller, No. 296 [Uncertain Thracian].) 
 as preceding. 
 
 (AYZIMAX[0Y] inverted and retro- 
 grade ; spear omitted) ; in front, ^ ; 
 on shield, human face. 
 [Plate xxix. 3.] 
 
 * Probably false ; an imitation of Miiller, No. 344 (Dium). 
 
LYSIMACHUS 
 
 435 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 92 
 
 64-8 
 
 M -75 
 
 - 
 
 in front, lyre ; on throne, A ; on shield, 
 lion's head. 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 (Miiller, No. 355 [Uncertain Macedonian].) 
 
 93 
 
 64-2 
 
 M -7 
 
 
 similar; but on throne, uncertain mono- 
 gram . 
 
 94 
 
 64-4 
 
 M 7 
 
 
 spear omitted ; in front, spear-head down- 
 wards ; on throne, A ; on shield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxix. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 95 
 
 113- 
 
 M 1- 
 
 Head r., wearing Phrygian helmet ; plain 
 border. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A YZIMAXOY Trophy, consisting 
 BA SIAEI2Z of crested helmet, 
 round shield, and spear placed cross- 
 wise. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 96 
 
 120' 
 
 M 75 
 
 
 in field 1., flower ; in field r., Y 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxix. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 (Cf. Muller, No. 332 [Traelium].) 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Palla.s r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet ; border of dots. 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Lion running r. ; 
 AYZI M AXOY beneath, spear-head? r. 
 
 97 
 
 86- 
 
 JE -7 
 
 
 to 1. of spear-head, /JA 
 
 98 
 
 77-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 on helmet, traces of letter ? 
 
 ») 5) )> 
 
 
 
 
 (Miiller, No. 74 [Lysimachia].) 
 
 99 
 
 78- 
 
 M 7 
 
 on helmet, traces of letter ? 
 
 (Cf. Miiller, No. 8 
 
 Similar. 
 
 to 1. of spear-head, T ? and p^ 
 1 [Lysimachia].) 
 
 BAZIAEI2Z Forepart of lion r. ; 
 A YZIMAXOY behind. El; be- 
 neath, speai'-head ? 
 
 100 
 
 38-5 
 
 JE -6 
 
 (Miiller, No. 75 
 
 r. 
 
 [Lysimachia].) 
 
 3 K 2 
 
m 
 
 436 
 
 THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Beveese 
 
 236-8 
 
 131-3 
 126-3 
 
 SCOSTOCOS 
 
 Circa 300 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 
 Tetradrachm 
 
 Head of Alexander the Gi'eat r., diademed 
 and having- ram'.s horn. 
 
 /ll 1-2 
 
 BAZIAEnZ Pallas Nikephoros 
 AYZIMAX«Y seated 1., in same 
 
 attitude as on coins of Lysimacihus ; 
 in front, ithyphallic term 1. ; in ex., 
 ZK«2:T«K»Y; on shield, lion's 
 head. 
 
 [Plate xxix. 6.] 
 
 COSON * 
 
 Circa 42 B.C. 
 Gold 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 Staters 
 
 A^ -76 
 
 N -8 
 
 KOZXIN (in ex.) The fir.st consul L. 
 Brutus, advancing 1., in civic costume; 
 before and behind, a lictor 1., with 
 fasces over shoulder ; border of dots. 
 
 in front, ^ 
 
 Eagle 1., standing uj)on sceptre, holding a 
 wi-eath in raised r. claw ; Ijorder of dots. 
 
 [B.M.C, p. 208 (1).] 
 
 * Dr. von Sallet (Berlin CataL, ii., p. 23) assigns these coins to Macedon. Adopting 
 Eckliel's view : " cHsos eos imp-rante Bruto in urbe qnapiam Graeca Cosone operi praefecto," he 
 suggests that Coson may possibly have been a Roman official. Dr. Pick also believes them to be 
 Macedonian. 
 
SCOSTOCOS — RHOEMETALCES I. 
 
 437 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 RHOEMETALCES I. 
 
 Beonze 
 
 11 B.C. 12 A.D. 
 
 This Icimj icas under the proteriioii of Aiuptstun. The »ih(iU head vn the Her. o/Ao. -i 
 is in nil prohahilitii that of his son, ('oti/x IV. 
 
 1 
 
 
 M 1- 
 
 KAIZAPOZ ZEBAZTOV Head 
 of Augustus r., bare. 
 
 KAIZAPOZ ZEBAZTOV AVTO 
 KPATOPOZ Similar type. 
 
 BAZIAEnZ POIMHTAAKOY 
 
 Heads of Rhoenietalees and bis wife r., 
 jugate, the king diademed. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 
 insci'., obscure, but probably has A 
 
 3 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 KAIZAPOZ ZEBAZTOY Similar 
 type. 
 
 BAZIAEnZ POIMHTAAKOY 
 
 Head of Rhoenietalees i'., diademed. 
 
 4 
 
 
 iE -85 
 
 KAIZAPOZZ EBAZTOY Head of 
 Augustus r., laui'. ; in front, Capricorn 
 with globe between forefeet. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 5 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 KAIZAPOZZ EBAZTOY Similar; 
 but behind capiicorn, cornucopiae. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 BAZIAEnZ POIMHTAAKOV 
 
 Similar type; in front, small bead r. ; 
 on king's neck, obscure monogram. 
 
 XIX. 7.] 
 
,-i>;-ioccco*r-x- vicim 
 
 438 
 
 INLAND CITIES OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Met.\l 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Inland Cities of Theacb 
 
 
 
 
 BIZYA 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Times 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wreath of ivy ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 BISV HNflN Seilenos 1., wearing 
 girdle, and holding kantharos and wine- 
 skin ; border of dots. 
 
 1 
 
 
 JE 75 
 
 Female head r., wearing wreath (of 
 coru'f') ; border of dots. 
 
 BIZV [HNflN] Basket, in which, 
 poppy-head and ears of coi'u. 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -6 
 
 [Plate : 
 
 sxix. 8.] 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 Sejatimius Severus 
 
 3 
 
 
 JE 1-2 
 
 AVKACEH EEYHPOCn Head 
 
 of Sejitimius Severus r., lam-. 
 
 - - BAPBA POVBIZVHNnN 
 
 Kapaneus, naked, helmeted, running r., 
 his head turned back ; he wears sword 
 at his side; and carries spear in r., and 
 round shield and scaling ladder in 1. ; 
 his 1. foot rests on thymiaterion (?).* 
 
 4 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 AVKACEH C€VHPOCn Similar 
 type. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 BIZVHNn N Figure reclining on 
 coach 1., holding kantharos ? in out- 
 stretched r., and sceptre in LI 
 
 sxix. 9.] 
 
 
 
 
 DEULTUM 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 Diadumenianus 
 
 1 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 MOPELANTDIADVMENIANC 
 
 Bust of Diadumenianus v.. head bare ; 
 he wears cuirass and paludameutum. 
 
 * See J. N. Svoronos, in 'Y.^T)jxipU 'kpxo-ioKoy 
 reproduced (Plate ll. 15). 
 
 t See Pick, Thrakische Miinzbilder, p. 152. 
 
 COLFLP ACDEVL Asklepios and 
 
 T Hygieia; Asklepios 
 facing, looking 1., holds serpent-staff ; 
 Hygieia r., feeds serpent out of patera. 
 
 k4 1889 (pp. 101 ff.), where the Hunter coin is 
 
BIZYA— DBULTUM 
 
 439 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Severus Alexander 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 IMPCMAVRSEVALEXANDAVG 
 
 Bust of Sevei-us Alexander r., laur., 
 wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 COLFLPA CDEVLT Hermes, 
 naked, facing, head 1. ; he carries 
 chlamys over 1. arm, and holds purse 
 and caduceus. 
 
 
 
 
 Julia Mamaea 
 
 3 
 
 
 iE -85 
 
 IVLIAMA MAEAAVG Bust of 
 Julia Mamaea r., draped, and wearing 
 stephane. 
 
 COLFLPA CDEVLT Nemesis ]., 
 holding cornucopiae in 1. ; her r. hand 
 raised to her lips ; at her feet 1., wheel. 
 
 
 
 
 Maximinus 
 
 4 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 IMPMAXIMINVSPIVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Maximinus r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 COLFLPAC Wolf r., suckling 
 DEVLT twins. 
 
 
 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 
 
 
 IMPCGORDIANVSPIVSAVG 
 
 Bust of Gordian r., radiate, wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 COLFL PA CDEVLT Hermes, 
 naked, facing, head 1. ; he carries 
 chlamys over 1. arm, and holds purse 
 and caduceus. 
 
 5 
 
 
 JS 1- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tranquillina 
 
 6 
 
 
 ^ -9 
 
 SABTRANQVI LLINAAVG 
 
 Bust of Tranquillina r., draped, and 
 wearing stephane. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 COL FLP . . D EVLT Pallas 
 (or Enyo ?) r., in attitude of defence ; 
 she holds shield in raised 1., and 
 prepares to hurl javelin with r. 
 
 XIX. 10.] 
 
 7 
 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 SABTRAN[QVILLI N]AAVG 
 
 Bust of Tranquillina 1., draped, and 
 wearing stephane. 
 
 [Plate x 
 
 C F Aphrodite standing 1., in the 
 P D attitude of the Medicean 
 
 Venus ; at her feet 1., a 
 
 vase. 
 
 SIX. 11.] 
 
440 
 
 INLAND CITIES OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Philippus Senior 
 
 8 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 .... IVLPHILIPPVSAVG Bust 
 of Philipjius r., radiate, weai'ing cuirass 
 and paludamentum, 
 
 IMPMIVL PHILIPPVSAVG Bust 
 
 of PhilippTis r., radiate, wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 COLFLP A CDEVLT Marsyas 
 r., with r. hand raised ; carries wine- 
 skin over 1. shoulder. 
 
 COLFLPA .DEVLT Pallas, 
 helmeted, facing, head 1. ; she leans on 
 spear with 1., while r. rests on top of 
 shield. 
 
 9 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Otacilia 
 
 10 
 
 
 JE -9 
 
 MAPCIAOTAC ILSEVHRAAJG 
 
 (.s/f) Bust of Octacilia r., draped, and 
 weariag stephane. 
 
 C OLPACD E Wolf r., suckling 
 VLT twins. 
 
 
 
 
 HADRIANOPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial (!oiii<(<je 
 
 
 
 
 Faustina Junior 
 
 
 
 
 <t)AVCTEINA CEBACTH Bust 
 of Faustina r., draped, hair in knot. 
 
 AAPlANOn OAEITflN Tjche 
 1., wearing modius ; liolds rudder and 
 
 1 
 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 
 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 2 
 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 AVTK MAVPCEVH . _ 
 
 Head of Caracalla i'., laur. 
 
 AAPIANO nOALEIXriN] 
 
 Asklepios r., leaning upon long staff, 
 i-ound which serpent twines. 
 
 3 
 
 
 JE -Go 
 
 luscr., illegible. Head of Caracalla r., 
 laur. 
 
 AAPIAN [OnOAEIT]nN Bunch 
 of grapes. 
 
DEULTUM— HADRIANOPOLIS 
 
 441 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 II 
 
 M -6 
 
 M 105 
 
 M -65 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 M 11 
 
 M 106 
 
 .E 1- 
 
 Geta 
 
 noCEHTI TETACK 
 
 head bare. 
 
 Similar type ; 
 
 ^E 105 
 
 AVTKnCEnr MIOCrETAC 
 
 Bust of Geta r., laur., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 nTPETACK (sir) Similar 
 
 type. 
 
 AAPIANOnO AEITXIN 
 
 Tliauatos, winged, standing r., leaning 
 with 1. upon inverted torch. 
 
 AAPIAN O n OAlTflN Nike 
 1., holding wreath and palm. 
 
 AAPIAN O . . AITnN Crescent, 
 within which, star. 
 
 Gordian III. 
 
 AVTKMANXrOPAIANOEAV 
 
 Bust of Gordian r., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum ; head laur. 
 
 AVTKMANT TOPAIANOCAT 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AVTKMANTrO 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAPIAN O nOAEIT^N Sarapis 
 standing 1., with raised r. hand ; he 
 wears modius, and holds sceptre trans- 
 vei'sely. 
 
 AAPIA N OnOAE Sarapis, wear- 
 ITU N ing modius, 
 seated 1., holding patera, and leaning 
 upon sceptre ; at his feet, Cerberus. 
 
 PAIANOCAV AAPIANOnO AeiTHN Hermes, 
 naked, standing 1. ; he holds in r., 
 purse, and in 1., caduceus and chlamys. 
 
 AVTKMANXn TOPAIANOC 
 
 AV" Similar type. 
 
 AAPIAN OnO A I Herakles, 
 
 Tn[N] naked r., 
 
 kneeling upon stag, which he liolds by 
 the hoi'ns. 
 
 (No. 10 is pierced.) 
 [Plate xxix. 12.] 
 
 AVTK[MANT] rOPAIANOCAT 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAPIA N O no River-god 
 
 AEITiTM (Tonzos 
 
 or Hebros), bearded, recumbent 1., hold- 
 ing reeds and rudder, and resting upon 
 vase, from which water flows. 
 
 6 n 
 
442 
 
 INLAND CITIES OF THEACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Keverse 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 Ai 115 
 
 M 1- 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M -86 
 
 M 1-25 
 
 JE 1-05 
 
 AVTKMANT rOPAIANOCAV" 
 
 Bust of Gordian, radiate, r., wearing 
 cuirass aud paludameiituni. 
 
 .-ANTrOPAIANOCAV Bust 
 of Gordian, laur., r., wealing cuirass 
 and paludanientum. 
 
 AVTKM A rr rOPAIANOC AT 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 AAPIANO n OA€IT Tjche, 
 
 X2 N wearing 
 
 modius, seated 1., holding rudder and 
 cornucopiae. 
 
 AAPIANOnOA€ ITHN Serpent 
 coiled, with head erect r. 
 
 AAPIANOnOAGIjnN City- 
 gateway, flanked on either side by a 
 circular tower with a conical roof. 
 
 PAUTALIA 
 
 Pautalia stood near the sources of tlir Strymon. (Cf. the Eei\ of No. 3.) 
 For the title, see nuder Anchialus. 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 Faustina Junior 
 
 <t>AVCTEINA CEB .... Bust 
 of Faustina r., di'aped ; hair in knot. 
 
 OVAHIACn AVTAAIAC Hygieia 
 r., feeding serpent fi-oni patera. 
 
 L. Ve 
 
 AV-TKAIA- AVP _ Bust 
 
 of L. Verus r., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum. 
 
 HTTOVAAIOVMAIIMOV 
 HAVTAAI 
 
 nrnN 
 
 Biga r., driven by Nike; horses walking. 
 
 (No. 2 is twice pierced.) 
 [Plate xxix. 13.] 
 
 Septimius Severas 
 
 AVKACEH [L]€OyHPOi:n 
 
 Head of Septimius Sevei'us r., laur. 
 
 OVAniACHAVTAAl 
 AC 
 
 River-god recumbent L, hokling coi'nu-- 
 copiae, and resting upon vase, from 
 which water flows. 
 
 beardless ? 
 
HADRIANOPOLIS— PHILIPPOPOLIS 
 
 443 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obyeese 
 
 Eeveese 
 
 
 
 
 Julia Domna 
 
 
 
 
 lOVAIA • AO MNACEB Bust 
 
 of Julia Domna r., dra^Jecl. 
 
 HA VTA AlHTflN Tychel., 
 weai'ing niodius, and holding rudder 
 
 4 
 
 
 JE -95 
 
 
 and cornucopiae. 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 5 
 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 [AV]KnC€ nXIMirCTAC Head 
 of Geta r., laur. 
 
 OVAHIAC HAVTAAI 
 AC 
 
 Serpent coiled, with head erect, r., 
 open-mouthed; its tail divides into three 
 points. 
 
 6 
 
 
 JE 7 
 
 AC€n r€TACK Bust of Geta r., 
 head bare ; he wears cuirass and 
 pal udamen turn. 
 
 OVAHIAC rnAVTAAIJAC 
 
 Herakles standing r., leaning with 1. ai'm 
 upon club with lion's skin (Farnese type). 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxix. 14.] 
 
 
 
 
 PHILIPPOPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 The situation of PhilipiiopoJis is referred to on the Bev. of Nos. 1 and 2. The number 
 of allusions to (jaiiies is notcvorthij. 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 Antoninus Pius 
 
 1 
 
 
 JE 1-15 
 
 AVTAIAAPIA ANTHNEINOC 
 
 Head of Antoninus r., laur. 
 
 HrErAPriAIANTIKOV«l>IAin 
 
 nono 
 
 AITXIN 
 
 River-god Hebi'os, bearded, recumbent 
 1. on rock, from which water flows ; he 
 holds branch in r. 
 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 
 (AEITUN ; branch obscure.) 
 
 :} 
 
 
 ^ -7 
 
 AVTAIAAPI ANTHNEINOC 
 
 Head of Antoninus r., bare. 
 
 <|)|AIIIIIOnO AEITXIH Dionysos 
 naked 1., holding kanthai'os and filleted 
 
 thyrsos. 
 
 3 L 2 
 
444 
 
 INLAND CITIES OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 10 
 
 M -7 
 
 M I- 
 
 M -8 
 
 JE 1- 
 
 M 1-7 
 
 M 1-65 
 
 M I- 
 
 [AVTA]IAAPIA ANTnN[EINOC] 
 
 Head of Antoninus r., laur. 
 
 OlAimTO no A El . . . Homonoia 
 1., sacrificing at altar, and holding 
 patera and cornucopiae. 
 
 Crispina 
 
 KPICneiNA C€BACTH 
 
 of Crispina r., draped. 
 
 Bust 
 
 <l)IAinnOnO AEITUN Female 
 figure 1., holding patera and sceptre. 
 
 Septimius Severus 
 
 AV_ - ICE - 
 
 r., laur. 
 
 _ _ Head of Severus 
 
 <|)iAinn onoAiTi2[Ni Apoiio, 
 
 naked 1., holding patera and lustral 
 branch ; at his feet, flaming altar. 
 
 Julia Donma 
 
 lOVAIA AOMCEBACT 
 
 Julia Domna r., draped. 
 
 Bust of 
 
 <t>iAin no noAiTON Nike, 
 
 advancing 1., with wreath and palm. 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 AVTKAIMAVPCEVHPOCANXn 
 NEINOCAVr Bust of Caracalla 
 
 r., laur., wearing cuirass and paluda- 
 meiitum (or aegis ?) . 
 
 KOINONGPAKHNA AEZAN 
 APTTV9IA<|)| Apollo standing r., 
 naked but for chlamys, which hangs 
 behind him ; in 1., he holds a bow, and 
 in r., strap of quiver, lower end of 
 which rests upon the ground. 
 
 [Plate xxix. 15.] 
 
 AVTKMAVPCEVH ANTIINEI 
 
 NOC Bust of Caracalla 1., laur., 
 wearing aegis. 
 
 Similar. 
 
 KOINONGPAKHNAAEZANnvei 
 AEN<|)|Ain 
 
 n o 
 
 Emperor on horseback galloping r., 
 about to spear prostrate foeman. 
 
 KOI NONGPAKHNAAEZAN 
 APIAEN<|)|AI 
 
 mono 
 
 Diskobolos standing 1., holding three 
 balls and disk ; in field 1., uncertain 
 object; across the field, TTV0IA 
 
PHILIPPOPOLIS — PLOTINOPOLIS 
 
 445 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 11 
 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 AVTKMAVP ANTHNEINOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laui-., wearing 
 cuii'ass and paludameutum. 
 
 <i)iAinno no . . . 
 
 TflN 
 
 Orpheus, drajied and wearing Phrygian 
 cap, seated r. on rocks, looking back : 
 he holds plectron and lyre.* 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxix. 16.] 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 12 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 AVTKHCE HTirETAC Bust of 
 Geta r., laur., wearing cuirass and 
 paludameutum. 
 
 <t>iAinnon oaeithn Thanatos, 
 
 winged r., leaning on inverted torch. 
 
 
 
 
 Elagabalus 
 
 13 
 
 
 M 1-45 
 
 AVTKMAVPHAIOC ANTHNEI 
 NOCCEB Bust of Elagabalus r., 
 I'adiate, wearing cuirass and paluda- 
 meutum. 
 
 AVTKMAVP ANTnN€INOC 
 
 Head of Elagabalus r., laur. 
 
 kenapeiceiae N<i>iAinno 
 noAi 
 
 NEHKO 
 
 pq. 
 
 Table, with lion's feet ; on which, 
 agonistic lira containing hve balls ; 
 beneath the table, amphora and palm. 
 
 4>iAinnonoA€iTnNNEnKOP 
 
 UN 
 
 Apollo, naked 1., holding patera and 
 lustral branch. 
 
 14 
 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PLOTINOPOLIS 
 
 
 
 
 Imperial Coinage 
 
 
 
 
 Faustina Junior 
 
 
 
 
 <I>AVCTEINA CEBACTH Bust of 
 Faustina r., draped, liair in knot. 
 
 HAnTEINO nOAEITUN Female 
 figure 1., holding ears of corn and 
 leaning on sceptre (or long torch ?) ; 
 at her feet, flaming altar. 
 
 1 
 
 
 M -9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 2 
 
 
 M -65 
 
 AVK MAVP - _ - Head of 
 Caracalla r., laur. 
 
 * See Dr. B. Pick, ThraMs 
 
 nAnT€iN[o n]OA€iTnN 
 
 Thanatos, winged, standing r., leaning 
 with 1. elbow on inverted tbich. 
 
 :he MUnzbilder, pp. 135 ff. 
 
446 
 
 INLAND CITIES OF THRACE 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M 115 
 
 M 1-3 
 
 M 1-2 
 
 JE 1-15 
 
 M 11 
 
 ^ 115 
 
 SERDICA 
 
 For the title of Serdica, see under Anchialus. 
 
 Imjjerial CohiiKje 
 
 Caracalla 
 
 AVTKMAVPCEV ANTHNEINOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 AVTKMAVPC€VH ANTHNEI 
 
 NOC Head of Caracalla r., laur. 
 
 OVAniAC CePAIKHC Female 
 tigure 1., holding ears of corn and lean- 
 ing upoa sceptre ; at her feet, altar. 
 
 OVAHIAC C€PAIKHC Apollo, 
 naked, standing facing, head 1. ; r. 
 hand rests on serpent - staff ; 1. is 
 placed against his side ; hair bound 
 with wreath. 
 
 [Pi,ATE XXX. 1.] 
 
 AVTKMA ^ ANTHNEINOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., laur., wearing 
 cuii'ass and paludamentum. 
 
 AVTKMAVPH ANTONEINOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r. 
 
 OV ATT I AC CEPAIKHC Herakles 
 standing r., holding club downwards, 
 and apple ; lion's skin on 1. arm. 
 
 OVAHIAC C€PAIKHC Female 
 figure seated 1., holding patera, and 
 leaning upon sceptre. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 2.] 
 
 AVTKMAVP 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 ANTON I NOC 
 
 AVTKMAVPCEV ANTHNEI 
 
 NOC Bust of Caracalla r., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 OVAHIAC CePAIKHC Hygieia 
 r., feeding serpent out of patera. 
 
 OVAHIAC CEPAIKHC Apollo 
 standing 1., naked but for chlamys, 
 which hangs behind him ; he holds 
 bow in r., and with 1. grasps strap of 
 quiver, the lower end of which rests on 
 the ground. 
 
SERDICA— AUGUSTA TRAJANA 
 
 447 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 7 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 AVTKMAVCEV ANTilNINOC 
 
 Bust of Caracalla r., luur., wearing 
 cuirass and paludamentum. 
 
 C E PA [n N ] Infant Herakles r., 
 kneeling on 1. knee, strangling a serpent 
 with each hand. 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 8 
 
 
 M 1-15 
 
 CE HTirETAC Bust of 
 
 Geta r., laur., wearing cuii-ass and 
 paludamentum. 
 
 OVAHIAC CEP . . . . HC 
 
 Asklepios r., leaning with both hands 
 upon serpent-staff. 
 
 
 
 
 Gallienus 
 
 
 
 
 _ _ KfAA AIHNOC-- Bust of 
 
 OVAniAC C€PAIKHC Military 
 
 9 
 
 
 M 1-1 
 
 of Gallienus r., laur., wearing cuirass 
 and paludamentum. 
 
 figure facing, leaning with r. upon 
 sjjear, and resting 1. ujaon shield. 
 
 
 
 
 TOPIRUS 
 
 
 
 
 Geta 
 
 1 
 
 
 M -95 
 
 AVTKnC€n TIMirETAC Bust 
 
 of Geta r., laui'., wearing cuirass and 
 paludamentum. 
 
 OVAHIAC TOniPOV Herakles 
 naked 1., seated on rock, on which lies 
 lion's skin ; his 1. rests on rock, while 
 his outstretched r. holds club down- 
 wards, with lower end on the ground. 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxx. 3.] 
 
 
 
 
 AUGUSTA TRAJANA 
 
 
 
 
 This town must he distinguished from Trajanopolis, leith winch it was formerly 
 
 confused. * 
 
 
 
 
 Septimiua Severus 
 
 1 
 
 
 /E -8 
 
 AVAC€n C€VHPOC Head of 
 Severus r., laur. 
 
 * See Foucart, Ball, de 
 
 AVrOVCTHCTPAIANHC Lion, 
 slowly advancing r, 
 
 Covr. Hell, vi. (1882), p. 179. 
 
us 
 
 UNCERTAIN 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 39-6 
 
 M -55 
 
 UNCERTAIN THRACO - MACEDONIAN * 
 
 Cow r., with fore-knees on the ground, 
 lookins: back : border of dots. 
 
 Triquetra of legs within circular iucuse. 
 
 (A pierced coin.) 
 [Plate xxx. 5.] 
 
 * Sec Inilioof-Blumer, Monn. grccq., p. 100. 
 
THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 CRANNON 
 
 Circa 480—400 B.C. 
 
 The liorse on the Eev. is the emblem of Poseidon, ichence the trident. The type 
 
 of the Ohv. represents the characteristicaJlij Thessalian feat of the ravpoKa6dij/ia, 
 
 practised at the games held in honour of Poseidon raijpeos. The hnlf-types indicate 
 
 the hemidrachm. For drachms, see Larissa, Nos. 2 and 3. 
 
 Silver 
 
 43-9 
 
 M -6 
 
 134- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Hemidrachm 
 
 + A M . Youth r., with chlamys hang- 
 ing from shoulder and kausia at neck, 
 subduing forepart of bull galloping r. ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 A ^ [^] Forepart of bridled horse 
 
 prancing 1.; behind neck, trident; all 
 in incuse square. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 5.] 
 
 After circa 400 B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 Bust of Thessalian youth r., wearing 
 kausia ; chlamys round shoulders. 
 
 KPA N Horseman prancing r., 
 
 [NnNlflN] wearing kausia ; chlamys 
 flying behind him ; Ijelow horse, |^A£ 
 
 [BM.C, Pl. II. 15.] 
 
 3 M 
 
450 
 
 THE S SAL Y 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 DEMETRIAS 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 290 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 TJie following coin ivas probably issued soon after the 
 
 Demetrius Foliorcetes. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Hemidrachm 
 
 ! foundation of the city by 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Artemis r. ; at her shoulder, 
 quiver. 
 
 AHMH 
 TPIEHN 
 
 Forepart of galley r., 
 between two lines of 
 inscr. 
 
 1 
 
 34-7 
 
 M -6 
 
 
 in field 1., 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 IBJI.C, Pl. hi. 1.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 GOMPHI 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300—200 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronzk 
 
 
 1 
 
 112- 
 
 M -85 
 
 Head of nymph with floating hair, three- 
 quarter face towards 1. j border of dots. 
 
 roM4>E 
 
 Zeus, seated 1. on throne, 
 grasping thunderbolt, and 
 leaning upon sceptre. 
 
 
 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., Pl. m. 4.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 GYRTON" 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300—200 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 1 
 
 120- 
 
 ^ -8 
 
 Head of Zeus 1., laur. ; border of dots. 
 
 rvPT 
 n 
 
 NiriN 
 
 Bridled horse advancing r. ; 
 beneath, A}-\ ; between 
 forelegs, bunch of grapes. 
 
 2 
 
 124- 
 
 ^•: -do 
 
 Similar. 
 
 TYPT 
 
 aNinN 
 
 Similar ; but beneath, N ? ; 
 bunch of grapes in front. 
 
DEMETRIAS— LARISSA 
 
 451 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 LAMIA 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—344 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The following coins were struck before Thessahj was made part of the empire 
 
 of Pldlip of Maccdon. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 
 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of young Dionysos 1., wearing 
 wreath of ivy. 
 
 A AM IE UN Amphora; above, ivy- 
 leaf r. ; in field r., one-handled vase 1. 
 
 1 
 
 401 
 
 /R -6 
 
 
 (A in inscr.) 
 
 2 
 
 38-5 
 
 .'R -65 
 
 • [2?.i¥.C., Pl. III. 13.] 
 
 LARISSA 
 
 Silver 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Before circa 480 B.C. 
 
 The followivtj is one of the earliest coins struck in Thessaly. 
 
 Ob 1 
 
 
 
 
 Head and neck of bull 1., head facing; 
 border of dots. 
 
 [A] A Head and neck of bridled horse 
 r. ; all in incuse square. 
 
 1 
 
 131 
 
 M -4 
 
 [Cf. B.M.a, 
 
 Pl. IV. 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 480—430 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 For the types of Nos. 2 and 3, see under Crannon. 
 
 
 
 
 Drachm 
 
 
 
 
 Youth r., with kausia at neck, subduing 
 unruly bull r. ; border of dots. 
 
 A A Bridled horse prancing r. ; ring 
 /\5ICJ on bridle; all in incuse 
 square. 
 
 2 
 
 8G-3 
 
 Al -7 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., I 
 
 'L. IV. 12, 13.1 
 
 3 M 2 
 
4r)2 
 
 THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 430—400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Prachm 
 
 3 
 
 93-4 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar type, of more advanced style ; Traces of inscr. Bridled horse prancing 
 youth wears chlamys; no kausia visible. r., rein loose ; all in incuse square. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 6.] 
 Tr ihemiobol 
 
 4 
 
 20-2 
 
 M -6 
 
 Horseman advancing 1., wearing kausia A A Nymph Larissa seated r. on 
 and chlamys, and carrying two spears ; chair, r. hand raised ; she holds wreath 
 above horse, ^ ; beneath, O ; border in 1. ; all in shallow incuse, 
 of dots. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 7.] 
 
 Circa 400—344 E.G. 
 
 The issue of silrer ceased after PMUp's final conquest of Thessahj (344 B.C.). For 
 money of a much later chcte prohahhj struck at Larissa, see tinder TuESSALi. 
 
 Drachms 
 
 
 
 
 Head of nymph Larissa 1., wearing 
 sphendone and earring ; border of dots. 
 
 A5ISA A Bx-idled horse prancing r. ; 
 lA all in shallow incuse 
 circle. 
 
 5 
 
 92-3 
 
 JR -75 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 ■ 93-9 
 
 M -75 
 
 Head of nymph Lai-issa, three-quarter 
 face towards 1. ; she wears necklace, 
 and her hair, confined by fillet, floats 
 loosely round her ; border of dots. 
 
 A A PI Horse prancing r., with rein 
 hanging loose ; all in incuse circle. 
 
 7 
 
 92-4 
 
 M -75 
 
 Similar. 
 
 A APIS Horse feeding r. ; off foreleg 
 AlilN raised. 
 
 8 
 
 93-3 
 
 M -70 
 
 [B.M.C., 
 Similar. 
 
 Pl. VI. 1.] 
 
 AAPIS Similar type ].; beneath, plant 
 Ain[N] gi'owing. 
 
 9 
 
 92'2 
 
 Al -8 
 
 [Plate 
 
 xxx. 8.] 
 
LARISSA— MAGNETES 
 
 453 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 Similar ; necklace doubtful. 
 
 [A] A PISA 1 Horse feeding 1. 
 
 10 
 
 90-9 
 
 /R '8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 10 is pierced.) 
 
 
 
 
 H e m i d r a c h m s 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type ; no necklace visible. 
 
 A APIS Horse feeding r. ; off foreleg 
 [AinN] raised. 
 
 11 
 
 28- 
 
 M -55 
 
 
 inscr., off coin. 
 
 
 
 
 (More than a fourth of this coin is broken off.) 
 
 12 
 
 36-8 
 
 M -G 
 
 border of dots. 
 
 beneath, i 
 
 
 
 
 IB.M.C, Pl. VI. 5.] 
 
 
 
 
 Tr ihemiobol 
 
 13 
 
 21- 
 
 M -5 
 
 Similar type ; border of dots. 
 
 AAP IS Horseman, holding short 
 AinN spear or javelin, pran- 
 cing r. ; his chlamys flies behind him. 
 
 
 
 
 Beonze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 400—344 B.C. 
 
 14 
 
 97-5 
 
 JE -75 
 
 Head of Larissa, three-quarter face 
 towards 1.; her hair confined by fillet, 
 and floating loosely ; bordei' of dots. 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 * 
 
 AAP 1 S Bridled horse advancing r. 
 
 [NnjiA 
 
 AAP IS Horseman prancing r., 
 AII2N holding spear. 
 
 15 
 
 73- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 dress uncertain. 
 
 
 
 
 MAGNETES 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 197—146 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Tie Magnetes sfrnclc federal coins, prohahhj at Demetrias , in the interval between 
 
 the liberation of Thessahj by Flaminius and its tnchision in the Roman province of 
 
 Macedonia. Compare the money of the Thessali. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 1 
 
 114- 
 
 M -8 
 
 Head of Zeus r., laur. 
 
 MAPN H Centaur advancing r., with 
 Xn N r. ai'm outstretched ; he 
 holds a branch over 1, shoulder. 
 
454 
 
 THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 
 Size 
 
 91-7 
 
 JR -8 
 
 89-5 
 
 122-5 
 
 jE 
 
 M -8 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 M pi. -8 
 
 PELINNA 
 
 Circa 400—344 B.C. 
 
 Silver 
 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Horseman cantering 1. ; lie v^^ears kausia 
 and chlaniys, and holds spear in r. ; 
 above, in minute letters, A I ; border of 
 dots. 
 
 n E A I M M A I K (sic) Warrior retreating 
 1., looking back ; he wears kausia and 
 chiton ; gi-asps javelin in r. and holds 
 shield and two spare javelins in 1. ; his 
 sword is suspended by a strajj passing 
 over r. shoulder ; all within incuse 
 square. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 9.] 
 
 PHALANNA 
 
 Circa 300—200 B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 Young male head r., with short hair; 
 boi'der of dots. 
 
 <|>AAAN[NAinN] Head of nymph 
 r., hair in net ; she wears earring and 
 necklace. 
 
 [Cf. B.M.C., Pl. VIII. 15] 
 
 Head of Pallas, wearing triple - crested 
 helmet, three-quarter face towards 1. 
 
 <|>AA (in ex.) Wolf r. ; beneath, 
 
 lioar's head 1. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 10.] 
 
 PHARSALUS 
 
 Circa 480—344 B.C. 
 
 The Bev. type of No. 1 rccaUs the well-hiown proicess of the Thessalian cavalry. 
 
 Compare No. 4 ; also Crannon, No. 2, and Larissa, No. 13. 
 
 Silver 
 Aeginetic Standard 
 
 Drachm 
 
 Head of Pallas r., wearing crested Athe- 
 nian helmet, adorned with wing. 
 
 fine style. 
 
 <|) [A] Horseman prancing r. ; he 
 $ q wears chlamys and chiton ; 
 
 and holds whip over shoulder. 
 
 head, off coin. 
 
PELINNA— SCOTUSSA 
 
 455 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 
 
 
 ft 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 
 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 Head and neck of horse r. 
 
 2 
 
 49 '2 
 
 .'R -55 
 
 eai-ly style ; helmet plain. 
 
 <l> A P 5 
 
 3 
 
 445 
 
 M -65 
 
 fine style ; helmet adoriied with wing. 
 
 4) A ; all in incuse square. 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 300—200 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Bkonze 
 
 4 
 
 130- 
 
 iE -85 
 
 Head of Pallas, wearing triple-crested 
 helmet, tlu-ee-quarter face towards 1. ; 
 on either side, spear and shield. 
 
 [Cf. BJI.C, 
 
 <|>A . Horseman r., striking with whip ; 
 A . horse prancing. 
 
 Pl. IX. 18.] 
 
 
 
 
 PHERAE 
 
 Third Ccntunj B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Hekate, wearing wreath of 
 myrtle, three-quarter face towards 1. ; 
 beside her, her r. hand holding torch ; 
 border of dots. 
 
 <l>EPAir2N Hekate, holding torch, 
 seated sideways on horse galloping r. ; 
 in field 1., lion's head 1. 
 
 1 
 
 122- 
 
 M -8 
 
 {BM.C, Pt. X. 16.] 
 
 SCOTUSSA 
 
 Third Century B.C. 
 Bronze 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 102-5 
 
 JE -85 
 
 Head of nymph , three - quarter face 
 towards 1. ; hair floating loosely. 
 
 [Plate > 
 
 SKOTOY55[AI] Vine-branch, with 
 XI N grapes and tendrils. 
 
 cxx. 11.] 
 
456 
 
 THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reveese 
 
 
 
 
 TRICCA 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 480 400 B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Fur the types of the following, see under Crannon. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Aeg'inetic Staiidai-d 
 
 
 
 
 Hemidrachms 
 
 1 
 
 43-5 
 
 Al -75 
 
 Youth r., wearing clilamys and having 
 kausia at ueck, subduing unruly bull, 
 of which forepart only is seen ; border 
 of dots. 
 
 Forepart of bridled horse, galloping r. ; 
 all in incuse square. 
 
 TP 1 KK Al o >A 
 
 
 
 
 (No. 1 is pierced.) 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 43-9 
 
 .-R -7 
 
 
 V^oi A>i >l 1ST 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 [€f B.3I.C., Pl. XI. 5, 6, and 7.] 
 
 
 
 
 THESSALI 
 
 
 
 
 196— ]4G B.C. 
 
 
 
 
 The Tltcssali, lilcc the Magnetes, received their freedom from Fldininiiis after the 
 battle of Ci/nosccjihalae, and formed a confederacy. On the settJeiuent of Greece 
 by Muhimius thcij were made subordinate to the Roman governor of Macedonia, and 
 their coinage ceased. The name on the Obv. of No. 5 is that of Nilcokrates, 
 uTpaT-qyo'i of the League in 182 — 181 B.C. Nos. 1 — 10 are struck on a standard 
 * double the iccight of the Roman Victoriatus. 
 
 
 
 
 Silver 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Zeus of Dodona r., crowned 
 with oak ; of late style. 
 
 OEZZA AIIN Athena Itonia, in 
 attitude of attack r.; above and beneath, 
 name of magistrate. 
 
 1 
 
 83-3 
 
 M -85 
 
 
 [A]AE EA[N] 
 MENEKPA[THZ] 
 
 2 
 
 97-i 
 
 .il -85 
 
 (less debased style.) 
 
 rop riAZ 
 GE Ml 
 ZT or 
 
 
 
 
 [Plate xxx. 12.] 
 
 3 
 
 87' 
 
 .R 1- 
 
 
 [KIAZZ ANAPO[Y] 
 <i>EPEKPATH[Z] 
 
TRICCA— THESSALI 
 
 457 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 i 
 
 97-1 
 
 5 
 
 95-8 
 
 6 
 
 86-1 
 
 7 
 
 86- 
 
 8 
 
 92-5 
 
 9 
 
 77-2 
 
 10 
 
 91-2 
 
 11 
 
 60-4 
 
 12 
 
 G3-5 
 
 13 
 
 C6-3 
 
 li 
 
 G3-3 
 
 15 
 
 1 
 
 62-8 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 /R 1- 
 
 M -9 
 
 M -95 
 
 M 1- 
 
 M -9 
 
 ^l 9 
 
 M I- 
 
 Al -7 
 M -8 
 yR -7 
 
 /R -75 
 
 M -75 
 
 (above, NIKOKPATOYZ) 
 
 MENE KPATOCVZ] 
 AAEZANAPOZ 
 
 <|>IA0H ENIA[OY] in field r., palm. 
 HETPAIOZ 
 
 [Plate xxx. 13.] 
 
 (uncertain countermai'k.) 
 
 (less debased style.) 
 
 noAV ZEN[OV] 
 EVKOAOZ 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 [n]VO flNOZ in field r., tripod. 
 
 KAEOMAXICAHZ] 
 
 as preceding. 
 
 <i>»Am noY 
 
 OEMISTorENN[HZ] (sic) 
 
 in field r., Ilekate running r., holding 
 two torches. 
 
 Euboic-Attic Standard 
 Drachms 
 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; hair long 
 behind head, /kj 
 behind head, TAYANA 
 behind head, E 
 
 OEZZA Af2N Athena Ttonia in 
 
 attitude of attack r. 
 
 above, in field r., owl r. 
 [Plate xxx. 14-.] 
 
 on either side of Athena, PI O ; in field r., 
 bunch of grajjes. A Y 
 
 on eitlier side of Athena, PI O 
 A Y 
 
 Head of Athena Itonia r., wearing crested OEZ 
 
 Corinthian helmet adorned with run- ZAAXIN 
 
 ning' griffin. 
 
 [Plate xxx. 15.] 
 
 Similar type ; helmet plain ; above fore- 
 head and behind neck, nVOXl 
 
 NO[Z] 
 
 OEZ 
 ZAAn N 
 
 [Plate xxx. 16,] 
 
 Bridled horse trotting r. 
 beneath, ^ 
 
 Similar type. 
 
 3 N 
 
458 
 
 THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obveese 
 
 KE^^5ESE 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 16 
 
 220- 
 
 JE -9 
 
 Heacl of Zens r., crowned with oak. 
 
 [Plate x 
 Head of Apollo r., laur. ; liair long. 
 
 0EZZA Two animals bounding r. ; 
 [Afl N ] above, [ E] Y B 1 OTOY ; 
 beneath, nETPAI[OZ] 
 
 XV. 11.*] 
 
 OEZZA AHN Athena Itonia in 
 attitude of attack r. 
 
 17 
 
 139- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in field r., J-R 
 
 18 
 
 116- 
 
 JE -8 
 
 
 in field r., kC 
 
 19 
 
 144- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 • 
 
 on either side of Athena, T 1 
 
 M A 
 
 20 
 
 96- 
 
 M -8 
 
 
 in field above, 1(111 OAO ; on either 
 side of Athena, A P 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 107- 
 
 JE -75 
 
 
 in field alcove, ] fl N [ ; in 
 field r., tripod. 
 
 22 
 
 94- 
 
 IE -7 
 
 Similar type ; less debased style. 
 
 in field above, ]TA A[ 
 Similar type 1. 
 
 23 
 
 47- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of Athena Itonia r., wearing crested 
 Corinthian lielmet. 
 
 no inscr. visible. 
 
 0EZ Bi'idled horse ti'otting r. 
 ZAAn N 
 
 24 
 
 8r5 
 
 JE -7.5 
 
 above, [E]ENinnoV 
 
 in front, caps of Dioskonroi with atai's. 
 
 25 
 
 89- 
 
 JE-75 
 
 above and l)eneath, NYZ 
 
 . AN APoY 
 
 in fi'ont, ear of corn. 
 
 26 
 
 97-5 
 
 M -75 
 
 )) 11 >» 
 
 * This coin owes its place on the Plate to th 
 to Thessalonica. Comparison with a cast of a 
 the missing letters of the ethnic name as well 
 coins the nearer animal appears, to judge from 
 the farther one is almost certainly a horse ; on 
 centaur. Mionnet (Suppl. iii. p. 264), citing f 
 two lions (No. 23), in another as a hor.se and , 
 " Ceniaim duo." 
 
 e fact that it was at first doubtfully assigned 
 similar piece in the Berlin Museum has supplied 
 as of the names of the magistrates. On both 
 its tail, to be a bull. On the Berlin specimen 
 the Hunter coin it has more resemblance to a 
 roni Sestini, describes the type in one case as 
 X bull (No. 24). Combo {Descripio, p. 327) says 
 
 ril 
 
THESSALI 
 
 459 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obvekse 
 
 Reverse 
 
 27* 
 
 M -7 
 
 Imperial Times 
 
 After the battle of Pharsalia, Julias Caesar declared Thessaly free. 
 No. 27 may iHtssihly have been struck then. 
 
 Hearl of HomuuOia r. ; belimcl, [OJMO 
 NOIA 
 
 EZ Bridled horse galloping r. ; 
 
 ZAA ring on bridle ? 
 
 [Plate xxx. 17.] 
 
 28 
 
 M 1-05 
 
 Livia 
 
 SEBAZTHn N 0EZZ AAX2N 
 
 Livia (?) seated r., leaning on sceptre, 
 and holding ears of corn (?) in out- 
 stx'etched 1. 
 
 ZTPATHrOYAY KOYTOY 
 
 Demeter (?) standing r., holding ears 
 of corn ? and leaning upon long sceptre 
 (or torch ?). 
 
 [Plate xxx. IS.] 
 
 Under Hadrian 
 A coin of Hadrian bearing the name of NiJcomachos is figured in B.M.C., Pl. i. 12. 
 
 29 
 
 AXIAA €YC Head of Achilles r., 
 in crested Corinthian helmet. 
 
 NIKO MAXOY Horse advancing 1. 
 
 [iJ.iU.C, Pl. r. 8.] 
 
 * In the B.M.C. (J,Iacedon), two specimens of this coin are catalogued under Thessalonica 
 (p. 113, nos. 43 and 44). Von Sallet {Berlin Catal., ii. p. 141) considers that what has been 
 read as ON is merely the continuation of the bridle with a ring attached to it, such a ring 
 being common on Thessalian coins. (Cf. Laeissa, Ko. 2.) The specimen here described is not 
 in sufficiently good condition to enable one to arrive at a definite opinion on the question 
 of reading. It is, therefore, placed under Thessaly on account of its Rev. type, which has much 
 resemblance to that of Nos. 21 fi. 
 
 K 2 
 
460 
 
 ISLANDS ADJACENT TO THESSALY 
 
 No. 
 
 Weight 
 
 Metal 
 Size 
 
 Obverse 
 
 Eeverse 
 
 
 
 
 Islands Adjacent to Thessaly 
 
 
 
 
 PEPARETHUS 
 
 
 
 
 Tills ishtnd was famous for its wine. Cf. the ti/jjes of Nos. 1 and 2. 
 
 
 
 
 Bronze 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 350—200 b.c. 
 
 1 
 
 24- 
 
 M -6 
 
 Head of bearded Dionysos r., wearing 
 wreath of ivy. 
 
 r E Kanthaix)s, wreathed with vine- 
 branch. 
 
 
 
 
 [B.M.C., Pl. XI. 14.] 
 
 
 
 
 Circa 200—27 B.C. 
 
 2 
 
 42-5 
 
 M -7 
 
 Head of young Dionysos r., wearing 
 wreath of ivy. 
 
 nenAPHGIIlN Kantharos ; behind 
 it, pahii. 
 
 3 
 
 56- 
 
 M -55 
 
 Athena Itonia, armed with spear and 
 shield, in attitude of attack, r. 
 
 [Plate 
 
 TTETTA Owl ]., head facing. 
 
 XXX. 19.] 
 
 
 
 
 Inqicriul Coinage 
 Augustus 
 
 
 
 
 ZEBAZ Head of Augustus r., bare. 
 
 riEriA Bearded head r. 
 
 4 
 
 
 M -75 
 
 [Plate : 
 
 head of Zeus ? 
 (XX. 20.] 
 
 5 
 
 i 
 ■1 
 
 
 yE -8 
 
 uncertain comitennark (thyrsos bound 
 to cross-pieces of a torch V). 
 
 head of Dionysos ? 
 
INDEXES 
 
 In nil of the Indexes the numbers refer to the pages of the Catalogue. 
 
 I. G-EOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 II. Kings and Dynasts. 
 
 III. Roman Emperors and IxM ferial Personages. 
 
 IV. Types. 
 V. Symbols. 
 
 VI. Countermarks, 
 
 VII. Magistrates' Names on Autonomous Coins. 
 
 VIII. Magistrate.?' Names on Imperial Coins. 
 
 IX. Roman Magistrates' Names. 
 
 X. Engravers' Names. 
 
 XL Remarkable Inscrifiion.s, Titles op Cities, etc. 
 (a) Greek. 
 (/3) Latin, 
 (y) Oscan. 
 (S) Etruscau. 
 («) Punic. 
 
INDEX I. 
 
 GEOGRAPHICAL 
 
 Tlie names printed in italics in this Index are those of cities or districts which, according to L. Miiller, were 
 mints for the money of Alexander the Great or Lijsimachus. See, however, footnotes on pp. 296 and 299. 
 
 Abacaenum, 153 
 Abdera, 382 
 Abdern, 429 
 Acanthus, 270 
 Ace, 313 
 Acroathon, 301 
 Adranum, 164 
 Aegae, 267 
 Aegospotami, 385 
 Aenus, 377 
 Aenus, 428 
 Aeserriia, 22 
 Aetna, 154 
 Agrigentum, 155 
 Agyrium, 165 
 Alahanda, 310 
 Alaesa, 165 
 Alba Fucentis, 11, 21 
 Alliba, 26 
 Aluntiam, 167 
 Amestratus, 108 
 Ampliaxitis, 351 
 Ampliipolis, 275, 350, 354 
 A^iphipolis, 299, 318 
 Ancona, 20 
 Ancliialus, 419 
 Aphytis, 272 
 Aphjtis, 319, 431 
 Apollonia (Macedon), 270 
 Apollonia (Thrace), 420 
 Aptera, 323 
 Apulia, 14, 53 
 Aqninum, 21 
 
 Aradus, 313, 324 
 Ardea, 9 
 Ariminum, 4, 19 
 Arpi, 53 
 
 Ascalon, 314, 327 
 Asjyendus, 311 
 Assorus, 168 
 Assus, 308 
 Atella, 26 
 
 Augusta Trajana, 447 
 Azetium, 54 
 
 Barium, 54 
 
 Bisaltae, 208 
 
 Bizya, 438 
 
 Bottiaia, 352 
 
 Bottice, 274 
 
 Brundusiura, 61 
 
 Bruttii, 120 
 
 Beuttium, 120 
 
 Byzantium, 393 
 
 Byxantium, 426, 429 
 
 Byzantium and Calchedon, 398 
 
 Byzantium and Nicaca, 398 
 
 Caelia, 54 
 
 Calabkia, 61 
 
 Calacte, 168 
 
 Calchedon, 431 
 
 Calchedon and Byzantium, 398 
 
 Cales, 27 
 
 Callatia, 409 
 
 Callatia, 427, 430 
 
 Camarina, 169 
 
 Campania, 13, 26 
 
 Campanians in Sicily, 180 
 
 Canusium, 55 
 
 Capua, 29 
 
 Cardia, 386 
 
 Curdia, 320 
 
 Caria, 310, 324 
 
 Cassandrea, 273 
 
 Catana, 171 
 
 Caulonia, 126 
 
 Centuripae, 177 
 
 Cephaloedium, 178 
 
 Chalcidice, 270 
 
 Cherronesus, 422 
 
 Chersonescs (Tauric), 422 
 
 Cheesonesus (Thraciak), 385 
 
 Chios, 309 
 
 Chrysaoris, 432 
 
 Cilicia, 312 
 
 Cnidus, 310 
 
 Coela, 386 
 
 Coela, 302 
 
 Commagene, 313 
 
 Consentia, 128 
 
 Crannon, 449 
 
 Croton, 128 
 
 Cumae, 30 
 
 Dacia, 405 
 Damascus, 313 
 Danubian District, 405 
 Demetrias, 450 
 
464 
 
 INDEX I. 
 
 Deultum, 438 
 
 Dionysopolis (Moesia), 410 
 Dium, 361 
 Dium, 301, 434 
 
 Edessa, 362 
 
 Bdonis, 350 
 
 Eion, 265 
 
 Bmathian District, 266 
 
 Euna, 179 
 
 Entella, 180 
 
 Ephcms, 432 
 
 Eri/thrae, 432 
 
 Eryx, 181 
 
 Etruria, 3, 16 
 
 Porraiae, Fundi, or Fregellae ? 10 
 Frentani, 25 
 
 Gela, 181 
 Gomphi, 450 
 Graxa, 62 
 Grumum, 55 
 Gyrton, 450 
 
 Hadrianopolis (Thrace), 440 
 Hatria, 7 
 Hephaestia, 388 
 Heraclea (Lucania), 85 
 Herachd louiae, 309 
 Heraclea ad Pontinn, 431 
 Heraclea Sintica, 300, 319 
 Heracieum Pierlae, 319 
 HerbessTis, 185 
 Himera, 186 
 Hi])poniurii, \3S 
 Hybla Magna, 191 
 Hyporon and Mystia, 138 
 Hyria (Calabria), 63 
 Hyria (Campania), 31 
 
 laeta, 191 
 Iguvium, 4 
 I stria, 427 
 Istriis, 410 
 ITALY, 3 
 
 Lamia, 451 
 Larinum, 25 
 Larissa, 451 
 
 Latium, 21 
 
 Laus, 88 
 
 Lemnos, 388 
 
 Leontini, 191 
 
 Lete, 266 
 
 Lilybaeum, 195 
 
 Lipara, 260 
 
 Locri (Epizepbyrii), 136 
 
 Lucani, 85 
 
 Lucania, 85 
 
 Luceria, 14, 56 * 
 
 Lycia, 312, 327 
 
 Lysimacbia, 387 
 
 Li/simachia, 428, 435 
 
 MACEDON, 263 
 
 Macedon Semi-Independent, 350 
 Macedon under the Romans, 354 
 Macedonia a Roman Province, 355 
 Macedonian Confederations, 354 
 Macedon, Thrace and Thessaly, 
 
 305, 318 
 Mafjnesia, 309, 432 
 Magnetes, 453 
 Mallus, 312 
 Mamertini, 200 
 Marcianojiolis, 411 
 Maroneia, 379 
 Maroneia, 429 
 Mateola, 57 
 Melitaea, 303, 321 
 Menaenum, 195 
 Mesembria, 421 
 Mesemhria, 303 
 Messana, 196 
 Metapontum, 89 
 Miletus, 309, 323 
 Morgantina, 204 
 Motya, 205 
 Myrina, 388 
 
 Mystia and Hyporon, 138 
 Mijtilem, 308 
 Mytistratus, 259 
 
 Naxus, 205 
 Neapolis (Apulia), 57 
 Neapolis (Campania), 33 
 Neapolis (Macedonia), 264 
 Nicaea and Byzantium, 398 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413 
 
 Nola, 44 
 
 Nuceria Alfaterna, 45 
 
 Nuceria (Bruttium), 139 
 
 Odessus, 418 
 Odessus, 303 
 Olynthus, 272 
 Orra, 63 
 Orrescii, 263 
 
 Paeonia, 348 
 
 Paestum, 99 
 
 Pangaean District, 263 
 
 Panormus, 207, 257 
 
 Panticapaeum, 423 
 
 Pautalia, 442 
 
 Pelagonia, 301 
 
 Pelinna, 454 
 
 Pella, 362 
 
 Pell a, 318 
 
 Peparethus, 460 
 
 Pergamum, 432 
 
 Perinthus, 399 
 
 Perinthus, 302, 429 
 
 Petelia, 139 
 
 Pbalanna, 454 
 
 Pbarsalus, 454 
 
 Pberae, 455 
 
 Philippi, 281 
 
 Pbilippopolis, 443 
 
 Philomelium, 311 
 
 Pbistelia, 45 
 
 Picenum, 7, 20 
 
 Plotinopolis, 445 
 
 Populonia, 16 
 
 Poseidonia, 96 
 
 Praeneste, 8 
 
 Priene, 309 
 
 Propontis, European Coast op the, 
 
 393 
 Pydna, 282 
 
 Rbegium. 140 
 Bhodes, 310 
 Romano-Campanian, 49 
 Romano-Lucerian, 56 
 Romans in Sicily, 257 
 Rubi, 57 
 
 Salapia, 58, 151 
 
INDEX II. 
 
 465 
 
 SaJijmbyia, 302 
 
 Samnium, 22 
 
 Samothrace, 388 
 
 Saiiiothrace, 320 
 
 Sardinia, 262 
 
 Scione, 272 
 
 Scotussa, 455 
 
 Segesta, 212 
 
 Si'leucld Enniire, 314, 324 
 
 Selinus, 216 
 
 Serdica, 446 
 
 Sestus, 387 
 
 Sestus, 428 
 
 SICILY, 387 
 
 Sicily, Islands op, 260 
 
 Siculo-Punic, 205, 207, 219, 225, 
 227, 257 
 
 Sicyon, 306 
 
 Siijeum, 307, 431 
 
 Silerae, 218 
 
 Sill yum, 311 
 
 Smyrna, 308, 432 
 
 Social War, 23 
 
 Soli, 313 
 
 Solus, 219 
 
 Soznsa, 314 
 
 Stobi, 305 
 
 Steymonian and Bottiaean Dis- 
 tricts, 275 
 
 Stumium, 64 
 
 Suessa Aurunca, 47 
 
 Sybaris, 102 
 Syracuse, 219 
 
 Tarentum, G4 
 
 Tauromenium, 254 
 
 Teanum Sidicinum, 48 
 
 Teate, 58 
 
 Tcmnus, 308 
 
 Teas, 308 
 
 Terina, 146 
 
 Thasos, 389 
 
 Therma, 301 
 
 Thermae Himerenses, 189 
 
 Thessali, 456 
 
 Thessalonica, 366 
 
 THESSALT, 449 
 
 Thessaly, Islands of, 460 
 
 THRACE, 377 
 
 Thrace, Inland Cities of, 438 
 
 Thrace, Islands of, 388 
 
 Thrace, Southern Coast of, 377 
 
 Thurium, 103 
 
 Tibur, 8 
 
 Tomis, 416 
 
 Tomi, 427 
 
 Topii-us, 447 
 
 Traclium, 319, 431, 435 
 
 Tragilus, 281 
 
 Tricca, 456 
 
 Triccn, 304 
 
 Tuder, 4, 19 
 
 Umbria, 4, 19 
 Uncertain Aes Grave, 15 
 Uncertain of Apulia, 10 
 Uncertain of Campania, 49 
 Uncertain of Etruria, 6, 18 
 Uncertain of Italy, 150 
 Uncertain of Latium, 10 
 Uncertnin of N. Greece, 304, -321 
 Uncertain of Macedon, 352 
 Uncertain of Macedonia, 301, 319, 
 
 431, 435 
 Uncertain of Sicily, 259 
 Uncertain Thraciaa, 430, 434 
 Uncertain Thraco-Macedonian, 448 
 Uncertain of Umbi'ia, 6 
 Uranopolis, 431 
 Uxentum, 152 
 
 Velecha, 13 
 Velia, 112 
 Venafrum (!), 150 
 Vemisia, 59 
 Vetulonia, 17 
 Vibo Valentia, 134 
 Viminacium, 406 
 Volaterrae, 3 
 
 Zancle, 196 
 
 INDEX II. 
 
 KINGS AND DYNASTS 
 
 Aeropus, 285 
 
 Agathokles, 238 
 
 Alexander I., 283 
 
 Alexander the Great, 295 
 
 Amyntas III., 286 
 
 Antigonus, 336 
 
 Antigonns Gonatas (or Doson?), 340 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 Archelaus I., 285 
 Audoleon, 348 
 
 Cassander, 334 
 Coson, 436 
 
 Demetrius (Bisaltae), 269 
 
 Demetrius Poliorcetes, 337 
 Demetrius II., 342 
 
 Gelon, 245 
 
 Hieron, 244 
 Hieronymus, 249 
 
 3 
 
4r>(; 
 
 Hiketas, 2-il 
 Lysimaclius, 425 
 Mosses, 269 
 Patraus, 348 
 
 INDEX III. 
 
 Pansanias, 286 
 Perdiccas II., 284 
 Perdiccas III., 287 
 Perseus, 346 
 Philip II., 287, 3i5 
 Philip III. (Aridaeus), 331 
 Philip v., 343 
 Philistis, 246 
 
 Phintias, 162 
 
 Rhoemetalces I., 437 
 
 Scostocos, 436 
 
 Uncertain Thracian Dynast, 425 
 
 INDEX II L 
 
 EOMAN EMPEROKS AND IMPERIAL PERSONAGES 
 
 Except ivliere otherwise stated, the coins included in this Index have for their types the heads or busts 
 
 of the person binder whose name theij appear. 
 
 Julius Caesai', — Thessalonica, 369 ; 
 crowning Augustus, — Philippi, 
 282. 
 
 Augustus, — Lilybaeum, 195, Panor- 
 mus, 211 f., Amphipolis, 278, 
 Thessalonica, 369 f., Rhoeme- 
 talces I., 437, Peparethus, 460 ; 
 standing and being crowned, — 
 Amphipolis, 279, Philippi, 282. 
 
 Livia, — Panormus, 211, Ainjjhipolis, 
 279, Thessalonica, 370; seated, 
 Panormus, 212, The.ssali, 459. 
 
 Antonia, — Thes.salonica, 371. 
 
 Tiberius, — Amphipolis, 279, Dium, 
 361, Thessalonica, 370. 
 
 Drusus, — Thessalonica, 370. 
 
 Caligula, — Thessalonica, 371. 
 
 Claudius, — Cassandrea, 273, Phi- 
 lippi, 282, Macedon under the 
 Romans, 360, Thessalonica, 371. 
 
 Britannicus, — Thes.salonica, 371. 
 
 Nero, — Cassandrea, 273, Macedon 
 under the Romans, 360, Thes- 
 salonica, 371. 
 
 Poppaea, — Perinthus, 400. 
 
 Vespasian, — Cassandrea, 273. 
 
 'J'itus and Domitian, — Ciissandrea, 
 274. 
 
 Domitian, — Amphijjolis, 279, Perin- 
 thus, 400. 
 
 Trajan, — Thessalonica, 371, Perin- 
 thus, 400; on horsebach, riding 
 over foe, — Amphipolis, 279 ; 
 statue of, standing, — Amphi- 
 polis, 279. 
 
 Antoninus Pius, — Odessus, 419, 
 Philippopolis, 443 f. 
 
 M. Aurelius, — Amphipolis, 280, 
 Macedon under the Romans, 
 360 f., Thasos, 392, Tomis, 417. 
 
 Faustina Junior, — Amphipolis, 280, 
 Byzantium, 396, Hadrianopolis, 
 440, Pautalia, 442, Plotinopolis, 
 445. 
 
 L. Verus, — Pautalia, 442. 
 
 Commodus, Amphipolis, 280, 
 
 Thessalonica, 372, Nicopolis ad 
 Istrum, 413. 
 
 Commodus and Crispiua, — Byzan- 
 tium, 896. 
 
 Crispina, — Philippopolis, 444. 
 
 Septimius Severus, — Thessalonica, 
 372, Marcianopolis, 411, Nico- 
 polis ad Istrum, 413 f., Anchia- 
 lus, 419, Apollonia, 421, Bizya, 
 438, Pautalia, 442, Philippo- 
 
 polis, 444, Augusta Trajana, 
 447. 
 
 Julia Domna, — Stobi, 365, Thessa- 
 lonica, 372 f., Byzantium, 396, 
 Perinthus, 400, Nicopolis ad 
 Istrum, 414, Anchialus, 420, 
 Pautalia,443, PhiUppopolis,444. 
 
 Julia Domna and Caracalla, — Mar- 
 cianopolis, 412. 
 
 Caracalla, — Cassandrea, 274, Am- 
 phipolis, 280, Macedon under 
 the Romans, 361, Edes.sa, 3(12, 
 Pella, 364, Sl,obi, 365, Thessa- 
 lonica, 373, Byzantium, 396 f., 
 Perinthus, 401 f., Callatia, 
 409 f., Marcianopolis, 411, 
 Odessus, 419, Hadrianopolis, 
 440, Philippopolis, 444 f., Plo- 
 tinopolis, 445, Serdica, 446 f. ; 
 standing loith City -goddess, — 
 Byzantium, 396 ; on horseback, 
 -^Byzantium, 396 f. ; on horse- 
 back, and spearing lion, — By- 
 zantium, 397 ; riding over foe, 
 ^Philippopolis, 444 ; in quad- 
 riga, — Perinthus, 401. 
 
 Plautilla, — Amphipolis, 280, Tomis, 
 417. 
 
INDEX IV 
 
 467 
 
 Geta, — Thessalonica, 373, Perinthus, 
 402, Nicopolis ad Istriim, 414, 
 Tomis, 417, Hadrianopolis, 441, 
 Pautalia, 443, Philippopolis, 
 445, Serdica, 447, Topivus, 
 447. 
 
 Macrinus, — Nicopolis ad Istriim, 
 414 f. 
 
 Diadumenianus, — Nicopolis ad 
 Istrum, 415, Deultura, 438. 
 
 Elagabalus, — Cassandrea, 274,Tlies- 
 salonica, 373, Perinthus, 4'j2, 
 Marcianopolis, 412, Philippo- 
 polis, 445. 
 
 Severus Alexander, — Macedon under 
 the Romans, 361, Pella, 3C4, 
 Byzantium, 397, Perinthus, 403, 
 Marcianopolis, 412, Odessus, 
 419, Deultum, 439. 
 
 Julia Mamaea, — Pella, 364, Thes- 
 
 salonica, 374, Perinthus, 403, 
 Tomis, 417, Deultum, 439. 
 
 Maximinus, — Thessalonica, 374, 
 Tomis, 417, Deultum, 439. 
 
 Maximus, — Pella, 3G4, Thessalonica, 
 374. 
 
 Gordian III., — Dium, 361, Edessa, 
 362, Pella, 364 f., Thessalonica, 
 374 f., Perinthus, 403, Vimi- 
 nacium, 4V,6 f., Callatia, 410, 
 Marcianopolis, 412, Nicopolis 
 ad Istrum, 415 f., Tomis, 418, 
 Deultum, 43'.), Hadrianopolis, 
 441 f.; with Surnjns, — Dionjso- 
 polis, 410, Odessus, 419. 
 
 Gordian III. and Ti'anquillina, — 
 Marcianopolis, 413. 
 
 Tranquillica, — Perinthus, 404, An- 
 chialus, 420, Deultum, 439. 
 
 Philippus Senior, — Thessalonica, 
 
 375, Dacia, 405, Viminacium, 
 407 f., Deultum, 440. 
 
 Philippus and Otacilia, — Mesembria, 
 421. 
 
 Otacilia, — Dacia, 405, Deultum, 440. 
 
 Trajanus Decius, — Dacia, 405, Vimi- 
 nacium, 407. 
 
 Herennia Etruscilla, — Dacia, 406. 
 
 Hostilianus,— Dacia, 406, Vimina- 
 cium, 408. 
 
 Trebonianus Gallus, — Coela, 386, 
 Viminacium, 408. 
 
 Volusianus, — Byzantium, 397, Dacia, 
 406, Viminacium, 409. 
 
 Aemilianus, — Viminacium, 409. 
 
 Valerianus Senior, Byzantium, 
 
 398, Byzantium and Nicaea, 
 398. 
 
 Gallienus, — Coela, 386, Byzantium 
 and Nicaea, 399, Serdica, 447. 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 TYPES 
 
 Achilles, head of, — Thessali, 459. 
 
 Adranos, head of, — Mamertini, 200. 
 
 Aegis with Gorgoneion, — Syracuse, 224. 
 
 Aequitas, standing, — Catana, 176. 
 
 Agonothesia, head of, — Thessalonica, 370. 
 
 Akragas, head of,— Agrigentum, 162. 
 
 Alexander the Great on horseback, — Macedon under 
 
 the Romans, 358 ; crowning his horse, — Macedon 
 
 under the Romans, 357 f. ; escorted by Nihe, — 
 
 Macedon under the Romans, 357. 
 Alexander the Great taming Bukejihalas, — Macedon 
 
 under the Romans, 359. 
 Alexander the Great, bust of, armed, — Macedon under 
 
 the Romans, 359. 
 Alexander the Great, head of, with horn of Amman, — 
 
 Macedonia a Roman l*rovince, 355 ; with diadem, — 
 
 Macedon under the Roma,ns, 357 fP. ; loiih diadem 
 and horn of Amman, — Lysimachus, 426 ff., Scos- 
 tocos, 436 ; as young HeraMes, — Macedon under 
 the Romans, 357 ; in Athenian helmet, — Macedon 
 under the Romans, 360. 
 
 Amenanos, head of, — Catana, 172 f. 
 
 Ammon, head of, — Catana, 176, Aj^hytis, 272, Cas- 
 sandrea, 273 f. 
 
 Amphipolis. See City-goddess. 
 
 Amphora, — Canusium, 55, Hipponium, 133, Apollonia 
 (Macedon), 270, Thasos, 390, Lamia, 451. 
 
 Anapus, head of, — Syracuse, 234. 
 
 Anchor, — Tuder, 5, Uncertain Aes Grave, 15, Uncer- 
 tain of Etruria, 18, Paestum, 102, Apollonia 
 (Thrace), 420. 
 
 Anchor and rudder, — Paestum, lOl. 
 
 Animals, two, bounding r., — Thessali, 458. 
 
 Aphrodite, seated, with duve, — Eryx, lb] . 
 
 3 o2 
 
468 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 Aplirodite (Medicean), standing, — Deultum, 439. 
 
 Aphrodite, head or bust of, — Aiicona, 20, Hyria 
 (Calabria), 63, Syracuse, 234, Neapolis (Mace- 
 don), 264, Scione, 272. 
 
 Apis, standing, — Perinthns, 399. 
 
 Apollo, seated, on omphalos, — Rheginm, 143, 145 ; on 
 prow, — Antigonus, 340. 
 
 Apollo, standing, loith boin, — Metapontum, 92 ; tritli 
 bow and quiver, — Philippopolis, 444, Serdica, 
 446 ; with how and branch, — Catana, 174, 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414, Tomis, 417 ; icilh 
 Kabeiros and hoio, — Thessalonica, 374 ; icitli 
 Kabeiros and lyre, — Thessalonica, 375 ; with 
 wreath and lyre, — Alaesa, 166 ; pilaying lyre, — 
 Amestratus, 168 ; witli patera and lyre, — Cepha- 
 loedium,179 ; with patera and branch, — Nicopolis 
 ad Istrum, 415, Philippopolis, 444 f. ; Sanro- 
 ktonos, — Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414; icith staff 
 of AsMepios, — Serdica, 446 ; in qnadriya, dis- 
 charging arrows, — Selinus, 217. 
 
 Apollo, head or bust of, laureate, — Luceria, 14, 
 Uncertain of Etruria, 18, Cales, 28, Capua, 30, 
 Neapolis, 39 ff., Saessa Aurunca, 47, Teauum 
 Sidicinum, 48, Uncertain of Campania, 49, 
 Eomano-Campanian, 50, Romano- Lucerian, 56, 
 Salapia, 58, Tarentum, 67 f., Metapontum, 91, 
 Thurium, III f., Croton, 132, Vibo Valentia, 
 136, IMystia and Hyporon, 138, Nuceria, 139, 
 Petelia, 140, Rhegium, 141 ff., 146, Adranum, 
 154, Agrigentum, 162 &., Agyrium, 165, 
 Alaesa, 166, Assorus, 168, Calacte, 169, 
 Catana, 171 f., 174 f., Centuripae, 177 f., 
 Leontini, 192 ff., Lilybaeum, 195, Menaenura, 
 196, Mamertini, 202 f., Naxus, 207, Syracuse, 
 231, 235, 251, 253, Tauromenium, 254 ft'., 
 Romans in Sicily, 257, Olynthus, 272, Bottice, 
 274, Amphipolis, 275, PhiHp II., 287 1, 293 if., 
 Cassander, 334 f., Patraus, 348, Edonis, 351, 
 Amphaxitis, 351, Pella, 363, Abdera, 383 f., 
 Byzantium, 394, Perinthus, 399, Panticapaeum, 
 424, Thessali, 457 f. ; laureate, and toith serpent, 
 — Agrigentum, 164 ; laureate, and surrounded 
 by dolphins, — Alliba, 26, Neapolis, 40 ; laureate, 
 and showing full face, — Catana, 172; wearing 
 diadem or taenia, — Velia, 119, Amphipolis, 275, 
 277, Patraus, 348 ; radiate, — Aetna, 154. See 
 also Helios. 
 
 Apollo and Artemis, heads of, jugate, — Rhegium, 144, 
 Leontini, 194. 
 
 Archias, head of, — Syracuse, 234. 
 
 Ai'es, young, head of, hehncted, — Larinium, 25, 
 Romano-Campanian, 51, Romano-Lucerian, 56, 
 Consentia, 128 ; laureate, — Mamertini, 201 ft'., 
 Syracuse, 236, 238, Lipara, 261. 
 
 Ai'es, bearded and helmeted, head of, — Romano- 
 Campanian, 49 ff., Bruttii, 121 ff. 
 
 Arethusa, head of, — Syracuse, 232. 
 
 Ai'istaios, seated, — Rhegium, 141. 
 
 Arm, bent, — Ancona, 20. 
 
 Artemis, loith torch, — Petelia, 140; with torch and 
 dogs, — Thurium, 112, Mamertini, 203 ; icith 
 torch and branch {Tauro polos), — Amphipolis, 
 279 f. 
 
 Ai'temis, Huntress, icith how, — Rhegium, 145, Cal- 
 latia, 409, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413, Tomis, 
 417 ; discharging arrow, — Sj'racuse, 250, Tomis, 
 417 ; slaying stag, — Cherronesus, 422. 
 
 Artemis, riding on bull (Tauropolos), — Amphipolis, 
 278 fE. 
 
 Artemis, driving quadriga, slow, — Selinus, 217 ; fast, 
 Cherronesus, 422. 
 
 Artemis, head or bust of, — Capua, 29, Neapolis, 42 f., 
 Pae.stum, 102, Rhegium, 143 ff., Alaesa, 167, 
 Amestratus, 168, Centuripae, 178, Enna, 180, 
 Syracuse, 231, 239 f., Thessalonica, 367, Thasos, 
 391, Byzantium, 394, Cherronesus, 422, Deme- 
 trias, 450 ; Tan.ropolos, — Amphipolis, 276 ff., 
 Macedonian Confederations, 354, Barbarous Mace- 
 donian, 376. 
 
 Artemis and Apollo, heads of, jugate, — Rhegium, 144, 
 Leontini, 194. 
 
 Asklepios, seated, — Rhegium, 144. 
 
 Asklepios, standing, — Agrigentum, 164 ; with serpent- 
 staff, — Menaenum, 196, Aenus, 378, Nicopolis ad 
 Istrum, 415, Hadrianopolis, 440, Serdica, 447. 
 
 Asklejiios, young, standing, with branch and bird, — 
 Rhegium, 143, 146. 
 
 Asklepios, head of, — Rhegium, 146, Syracuse, 253. 
 
 Asklepios and Hygieia, standing, — Nicopolis ad Istrum, 
 413, Deultum, 438. 
 
 Asklepios and Hygieia, heads of, jugate, — Rhegium, 
 145. 
 
 Asklepios, stalf of, — Syracuse, 253. 
 
 Assinos, head of, — Naxus, 2U7. 
 
 Astragalos, — Tibur or Praeueste, 8 f., Ardea, 10. 
 
 Athena Alkis, — Antigonus Gonatas, 340, Philip V., 
 343, Pella, 362. 
 
 Athena Itonia, — Thessali, 456 f., Peparethus, 460. 
 
 Athena Itonia, head of, — Thessali, 457 f. 
 
 Atliena. Sec Pallas. 
 
INDEX IV. 
 
 469 
 
 Athlete, dippiiKj arm in amphora, — Periutlms, 402 ; 
 holdiug wreath and palm, — Perinthus, 403. 
 
 B 
 
 Barbarous Imitations, — Alliba, 26, Uncertain of Italy, 
 150, Philip II., 283 f., 292 if., Alexander the 
 Great, 299, 318, Philip III., 333 f., Patraus, 
 348, Macedon, 376, Maroneia, 382, Thasos, 392, 
 Lysimachus, 427. 
 
 Barley, ear of, — Luceria, 14, Capua, 30, Heraclea, 87, 
 Metapontum, 89 ff. See also Ear. 
 
 Barley, two ears of, — Leontini, 194. 
 
 Barleycorn, — Pormiae, Fundi, or Fi'egellae, 11, Leon- 
 tini, 192 f. 
 
 Barleycorns, tioo, — Ardea, 9, Enna, 179 ; three, — 
 Metapontum, 95. 
 
 Barleycorn, with mussel-shell and dolphin, — Phis- 
 telia, 46. 
 
 Basket, with poppy-heads and ears of corn, — Bizya, 
 438. See (dso Vase. 
 
 Biga, slow, — Syracuse, 241, 245 f., Pautalia, 442 ; 
 fast, — Aesernia, 22, Cales, 27, Capua, 29, 
 Bruttii, 120, 125, Menaenum, 195, Messana, 
 200, Syracuse, 236, 241, 244 f., 247, 252, Philip 
 II., 287 ff., Macedon under the Romans, 359. 
 
 Biga of mules, — Messana, 197 f. 
 
 Bii'd, — Uncertain Aes Grave, 15 ; standing on plough, 
 — Centixripae, 178. 
 
 Boar, — Formiae, Fundi, or Fregellae, 11, Capua, 29, 
 Arpi, 53, Salapia, 58, Paestiim, 101, Abacaenum, 
 153, Agrigentum, 163, Enna, 180 ; pierced hij 
 javelin, — Pa?stiiin. 102. 
 
 Boar, forepart of, — Paestum, 100 f., Patraus, 348. 
 
 Bow and club, — Philip II., 289, Alexander the Great, 
 299, Thasos, 391. 
 
 Bow in case, and club, — Alexander the Great, 329 ff. 
 
 Bow, arrows, and club, — Aluntium, 167. 
 
 Bow, quiver, and club, — Luceria, 56, Alexander the 
 Great, 327 ff. 
 
 Branch, — Iguviam, 4, Uncertain Aes Grave, 6. 
 
 Brothers, Catanean, rescuing their parents, — Catana, 
 175. 
 
 Brutus, L., with lictors, — Coson, 436. 
 
 Bucranium, — Metapontum, 89, Tauromenium, 255. 
 
 Bull, standing, — Poseidonia, 97 ff., Sybaris, 103, 
 Thurium, 111, Tauromenium, 256, Pella, 363; 
 biting his ?*((c-A-, — Sybaris, 102 f. ; feeding, — 
 
 Amphipolis, 278, Macedonia a Roman Province, 
 356, Pella, 363, The^ssalonica, 367 ; advancing, — ■ 
 Thurium, 103 ff., Gcla, 184, Syracuse, 236 ; 
 hutting, — Arpi, 53, Poseidonia, 98 f., Thuriiim, 
 104 ff., Catana, 173, Mamertini, 201, Syracuse, 
 237 f., 248 f., Tauromenium, 254 ff.. Uncertain 
 of Sicily, 259, Amphipolis, 276 ; galloping, — 
 Amphipolis, 277, Thessalonica, 367. See also 
 Apis, Nike, and Youth subduing bull. 
 
 Bull, forepart of, loolcing back, — Acanthus, 271; 
 swimming, — Abacaenum, 154. 
 
 Bull, head and neck of, — Lanssa, 451. 
 
 Bull, humped, standing, — Perinthus, 4C0. 
 
 Bull, man-headed, — Cales, 28, Hyria, 31 ff., Neapolis, 
 33 ff., 40 f., Nola, 44, Phistelia, 45, Suessa 
 Aurunca, 47, Teanum Sidicinum, 48, Uncertain 
 of Campania, 49, Laus, 88, Catana, 173, Panor- 
 mus, 208 f., Seliuus, 218, Tauromenium, 254 ; 
 with stream of vmter gushing from mouth, — 
 Aluntium, 167. See also Nike. 
 
 Bull, man-headed, forepart of. — Neapolis, 33, 39 f., 
 43, Uncertain of Camjiania, 49, Gela, 181 ff., 
 Herbessus, 185, Panormus, 207 f., Silerae, 218. 
 
 Byzas, head of, — Byzantium, 395. 
 
 C 
 
 Caducei, two, — Populouia, 16. 
 
 Caduceus, — Ai'dea, 10, Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, 
 
 Calacte, 169. 
 Caduceus, head of, — Uncertain Aes Grave, 15. 
 Calf, head of, — Rhegium, 140. 
 Capricorn, — Panormus, 212. 
 Catanean brothers, — Catana, 175. 
 Centaur, carrying off nymph, — Orrescii, 263, Lete, 266; 
 
 holding rouud, object, — Lete, 266; carrying branch, 
 
 — Magnetes, 453. See also Thessali, 458. 
 Centaurs, two, back to back, — Thessalonica, 368. 
 Chrysas, standing, — Assorus, 168. 
 Cicada, — Tuder, 5. 
 
 Cista Mystica, — Macedon under the Romans, 358. 
 City -goddess, seated, — Amphipolis, 280, Pella, 365. 
 
 See also Female figure. 
 City - goddess, standing, — Syracuse, 251 ; ivith two 
 
 nymphs, — Thermae Hiraerenses, 190; «(-•///( ^mperoj-, 
 
 — Byzantium, 396; crowning lloma, — Edessa, 
 
 362. See also Female figure. 
 
470 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 City -goddess, biist or head of, — Amphipolis, 278, 
 Thessaloiiica, 368 f. 
 
 Club, — Volaterrae, 3, Uncertain Aes Grave, 6, Luceria, 
 14, Poi^ulonia, IG, Uncei-tain of Italy, 151, Cen- 
 turipae, 178, Menaenum, 196, Ampliipolis, 276, 
 Philip II., 295, Philip v., 345, Thessalonica, 366, 
 Callatia, 409 ; between scrinium and suhsellium, — 
 Macedonia a Roman Province, 355 ; in Mace- 
 donian shield, — Edonis, 350 ; in wreath, — Philip 
 v., 343, Amphaxitis, 351, Macedonian Confede- 
 rations, 354, Macedonia a Roman Province, 355. 
 
 Clubs, two, — Tuder, 4 f., Vibo Valentia, 135. 
 
 Club and bow, — Philip II., 289, Alexander the Great, 
 299, Thasps, 391. 
 
 Club, and bow in case, — Alexander the Great, 329 ff. 
 
 Club, bow, and arrows, — Aluntium, 1G7. 
 
 Club, bow, and quiver, — Luceria, 56, Alexander the 
 Great, 327 ff. 
 
 Club, lion's skin, and bow-case, — Cephaloedium, 178 f. 
 
 Cock, — Luceria, 14, Himera, 186 f., Panormus, 208 f. ; 
 ■with star, — Aquinum, 21, Cales, 28, Suessa 
 Aurunca, 47, Teanam Sidicinum, 48, Uncertain 
 of Italy, 150. 
 
 Cockle-shell, — Tibur or Praeneste, 8, Ai-dea, 10, 
 Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Sturuium, 64, Taren- 
 tum, 64, 66, 83 f. 
 
 Concordia. See Homonoia. 
 
 Corn, stalk of, — Romans in Sicily, 257. See also 
 Barley, Ear, and Sheaf. 
 
 Cornucopiae, — Neapolis, 42 f., Paestum, 100 f., Aetna, 
 155, Byzantium, 394 f. ; ending in head of horned 
 animal, — Larinum, 25 ; double, — Vibo Valentia, 
 134 f. 
 
 Cotys IV., head of, — Rhoemetalces I., 437. 
 
 Cow, kneeling, — Uncertain Thraco-Macedonian, 448. 
 
 Cow, head of, — Enna, 179. 
 
 Crab,— Bruttii, 125, Terina, 149, Agrigentum, 155 ff., 
 Himera, 187, Motya, 205 ; holding eel, — Agri- 
 gentum, 158 f. 
 
 Crayfish,— Solus, 219. 
 
 Crescent and Star, — Uncertain Aes Grave, '15, Byzan- 
 tium, 394, 396, Nico polls ad Istrum, 413, 
 Hadrianopolis, 441. 
 
 Crescents, two, back to back, — Tarentum, 84. 
 
 Crescents, three, — Croton, 133 ; loith stars, — Venusia, 
 59 f. 
 
 Crimisus, as hunter, — Segesta, 215. 
 
 Crow, — Laus, 88. 
 
 Crows, two, passing, — Laus, 88. 
 
 Cuttle-fish,— Syracuse, 221, 223 f.. 229, 232 f., 235. 
 
 Dacia, standing between eagle and lion, — Dacia, 405. 
 
 Demeter, seated, — Sestus, 387. 
 
 Demeter, standing, with ears of corn and sceptre, — - 
 Rhegiura, 145, Marcinnopolis, 412, Mesembria, 
 421, Thessali, 459 ; with ears of corn and torch, 
 — Catana, 177, Leontini, 193 f., Perinthus, 402, 
 404; with torch and sceptre, — Syracuse, 253. 
 
 Demeter, standing with Homonoia, — Perinthus, 402. 
 
 Demeter, head or bust of, wearing corn-wreath, — 
 Metapontum,— 92 f., 95, Paestum, 100 f., Cen- 
 turipae, 178, Enna, 179 ; facing, and wearing 
 corn-wreath, — Gela, 184, Leontini, 194; wear- 
 ing corn-wreath and rc'd, — Petelia, 139, Enna, 
 180, Leontini, 194, Panormus, 210, Lysimachia, 
 387, Thasos, 390, Byzantium, 393 f., Byzantium 
 and Calchedon, 398, Tomis, 416 ; facing, and 
 toearing corn-wreath and veil,^ — Menaenum, 196, 
 Pella, 363, Perinthus, 4C0 ; icearing Stephanos, 
 ■ — Aegospotami, 385. 
 
 Demetrius, Poliorcetes, head of, — 337 f. 
 
 Dione, head of, — Larinum, 25. 
 
 Dionysiac head, with ivy- wreath, — Uncertain of Italy, 
 151, Tauromenium, 256, Byzantium, 394. 
 
 Dionysos, seated, on rock, Venusia, CO ; in chariot 
 drawn hij panthers, — Catana, 176. 
 
 Dionysos, standing, with Icantharos and thyrsos, — 
 Cephaloedium, 179, Anchialus, 420, Philippopo- 
 lis, 443 ; until patera and thyrsos, — Tauromenium, 
 256 ; with grapes and thyrsos, — Perinthus, 402 ; 
 with grapes and narthex- stalks, — Maroneia, 
 381 f. 
 
 Dionysos, young head of, wreathed with icy, — Venusia, 
 60, Alaesa, 167, Amestratus, 168, Calacte, 169, 
 Catana, 175 f., Tauromenium, 255 f., Amphi- 
 polis, 277, Macedonia a Roman Province, 356, 
 Thessalonica, 366, Maroneia, 381 f., Thasos, 391, 
 Byzantium, 395, Bizya, 438, Lamia, 451, Pepare- 
 thus, 460 ; wreathed with vine, — Paestum, 100. 
 
 Dionysos, beai-ded head of, wreathed with ivy, — 
 Naxus, 205 f., Thasos, 390, Peparethus, 460. 
 
 Dioskouroi, on horseback, — Caelia, 55, Tarentum, 
 67, Rhegium, 146, Syracuse, 251. 
 
 Dioskouroi, heads or busts of, — Metapontum, 95, 
 Paestum, 102, Rhegium, 145 f., Panormus, 210, 
 Thasos, 390. See also Istrus, 410. 
 
 Dioskouroi, caps of, — Catana, 173. 
 
 Dioskouros, standing beside horse,— Nuceria Alfaterna, 
 45. 
 
INDEX IV 
 
 471 
 
 Diskobjlos, holding diskos and balls, — Philippopolis, 
 444. 
 
 Dog, — Uncertain of Etruria, 18, Eomano-Campanian, 
 52, Segesta, 212 ff. ; lying, — Syracuse, 235 ; 
 sleepiiii], — Tuder, 5, Hatria, 7. See also Hound. 
 
 Dolphin, — Volaterrae, 3, Arimimim, 4, Hatria, 7, 
 Ardea, 9, Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Larinnm, 
 25, Tarentum, 83 f., Paestum, 100, Uncertain 
 of Italj, 151, Syi'acTise, 234, Lipara, 2G0 ; round 
 trident, — Byzantium, 395 ; between timnij-fishes^ 
 — Byzantium, 396 f., Byzantium and Nicaea, 
 399 ; icithin sickle - shaped object, — Messana, 
 196 f . ; ivith rider, — Brundusium, 61 f. See 
 also Eros and Taras. 
 
 Dolphin, head of, — Uncertain Aes Grave, 15. 
 
 Dolphins, two, — Venusia, 59 ; with star-fish, or jeUij- 
 fish, — Syracuse, 233. See also Trident. 
 
 Doves, two, meeting, — Scione, 272. 
 
 E 
 
 Eagle, standing, — Croton, 131 f., Agrigentum, 155 S., 
 162, Agyrium, 165, Aphytis, 272, Amyntas HI., 
 286, Thessalonica, 367 ; loith icings open, — Tuder, 
 19, Lucani, 85, Bruttii, 124, Agrigentum, 162 f., 
 Alaesa, 166, Mamertini, 201, Panormus, 210 ; 
 on thunderbolt, — Lai-iuum, 25, Capua, 29, 
 Roniano-Campanian, 49 f., Venusia, 60, Hyria 
 (Calabria), 63, Sturnium, 64, Tarentum, 68, 
 Bruttii, 123 f., Locri, 138, Uncertain of Italy, 
 150, Agrigentum, 164, Mamertini, 201, Panor- 
 mus, 209, Syracuse, 242 f., 245, 252, Amphipolis, 
 278, Alexander the Great, 295 f., Philip V., 345, 
 Perseus, 346 f., Uncei'tain of Macedon, 353, 
 Thessalonica, 367 ; on column, — Salapia, 58, 
 Croton, 130, Agrigentum, 156 f., 162 ; in pedi- 
 ment of temple, — Croton, 131 ; on stag's head,— 
 Croton, 131 ; on branch, — Croton, 133 ; on hare, 
 — Agrigentum, 159 ; on tunny-fish, — Agrigentum, 
 158 ff. ; on colt, — Agrigentum, 158 ; on inverted 
 bird, — Agrigentum, 160 ; on quarry, — Aluntium, 
 167 ; on pA.ough, — Perseus, 346 f. ; nnth serpent, 
 — Aesemia, 22, Agrigentum, 157, 160, Mamer- 
 tini, 201, Pydna, 282, Amyntas HI., 286 ; attacl-- 
 ing hare, — Locri, 136 f., Agrigentum, 158 ft., 162 ; 
 attadcing tunny-fish, — Agrigentum, 158, 160 ; 
 attacking dolphin, — Istrus, 410 ; holding wreath, 
 — Marcianopolis, 412 ; on sceptre, and holding 
 
 wreath, — Coson, 436 ; within wreath, — Tomis, 
 
 416; on cdtar, between standards, — Callatia, 
 
 410. 
 Eagle, flying, — Croton, 130 ; loith serpent, — Uncertain 
 
 Thracian Dynast, 425. 
 Eagle, head of, — Agrigentum, 161. 
 Eagles, two, oh thunderbolt, — Graxa, 62 ; on hare, — 
 
 Agi-igentum, 157, 162 ff. 
 Ear of com, — Paestum, 102, Amphipolis, 277. See 
 
 also Barley. 
 Ears of com, two, — Catana, 174, Tomis, 416. 
 Eirene, seated, — Locri, 136. 
 Elephant, — Uncertain of Etruria, 18. 
 Emperors and their families. See Index HI. 
 Enyo, fighting, — Bruttii, 121 ff., Mamertini, 202, 
 
 Deultum, 439. 
 Ephebos. See Horseman. 
 Eros, playing lyre, — Hyria (Calabria), 63 ; seated on 
 
 prow, — Barium, 54 ; seated on dolphin, — Paestum, 
 
 99 ; on sea-horse, — Bruttii, 120. 
 
 F 
 
 Female head, or bust, in profile, — Ai'dea, 9, Uncertain 
 Aes Grave, 10, Grumum, 55, Tarentum, 84, 
 Laus, 88, Metapontam, 90, Velia, 113, Cepha- 
 loedium, 179, Enna, 180, Syracuse, 223 ff., 230, 
 237 f.. Uncertain of Sicily, 259 ; bound with diadem, 
 or fillet, — • Cumae, 30 f., Hyria, 32, Neapolis, 
 33 ff., Nola, 44, Tarentum, 79 f., Metapontum, 
 90, 93, Velia, 112 f.. Uncertain of Italy, 150, 
 Syracuse, 221 ; bound ivith wreath, — Social War, 
 23 f., Metapontum, 91,95, Bizya, 438 ; turreted, 
 Capua, 29, Romano-Campanian, 52 ; tiirreted 
 and veiled, — Thermae Himerenses, 190, Lily- 
 baeum, 195 : veiled, — Thermae Himerenses, 190 ; 
 wearing sphendone, — Metapontum, 90, 93, Velia, 
 119, Terina, 149, Abacaenum, 154, Syracuse, 224, 
 226, 229 f ., 234 ; icearing stephane, — ViboValentia, 
 134 f ., Assorus, 168 ; wearing Stephanos, — Tauro- 
 menium, 254 ; surrounded by dolphins, — Neapolis, 
 38 f., Motya, 205, Sj^acuse, 220 ff. -See also 
 Nymph. 
 
 Female head, facing, — Phistelia, 45 f., Syracuse, 235. 
 See also Hera, Nymph, Pallas. 
 
 Female figure, seated, tcith snake, — Selinus, 218 ; 
 with patera and sceptre, — Dium, 361, Serdica, 
 
472 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 446 ; holding hand to face, — Pella, 365. See 
 also City-goddess. 
 
 Female figure, standing, with patera and coniKCopiae, 
 — Rubi, 57, Entella, 180, Panormus, 209 ; with 
 jtatera and sceptre, — Philippopolis, 444; with ears 
 of corn and sceptre, — Plotinopolis, 445, Serdica, 
 44fi. See also City-goddess. 
 
 Fides crowning Roma, — Locri, 137. 
 
 Pish, — Hatria, 7, Amphipolis, 275. See also Dolphin. 
 
 Fishes, two, — Leontini, 194. 
 
 Fish-spine ornament, — Tuder, 5. 
 
 Fortuna. See Tyche. 
 
 G 
 
 Gaia,— Perinthus, 403. 
 
 Galley. See Prow, Stern. 
 
 Gateway, — Hadrianopolis, 442. 
 
 Gaul, bust of, — Aa-iminum, 4. 
 
 Gaulish warrior, — Ai-iniinum, 19. 
 
 Gelas, head of,— Gela, 183 ff. 
 
 Gelon, head of, — Syracuse, 245. 
 
 Goat, reclining, — Enna, 180, Himera, 190; Ineeling, — 
 Aegae, 267 ; standing, — Amphipolis, 277, Mace- 
 donia a Roman Province, 35G, Thessalonica, 366, 
 Aenus, 377, Aegospotami, 385 ; tcith rider, — 
 Himera, 188 f. 
 
 Goat, forepart or head of, — Perdiccas II., 284. 
 
 Goats, two, contending, — Amphipolis, 276, Thessa- 
 lonica, 366 ; hieeling, — Philip V., 344. 
 
 God, mighty, of Odessus, standing, — Odessus, 418 f. ; 
 reclining, — Odessus, 419. 
 
 Goddess, head of, in pjrofile, — Tarentum, 67 ; facing, 
 Laus, 88. 
 
 Goose, — Eion, 265. 
 
 Gorgon, head of, — Populonia, 16, Camarina, 170, 
 Himera, 188 f., Neapolis (Macedon), 264, 
 Apollonia (Thrace), 420; on aegis, — Syi-acuse, 
 224. 
 
 Grapes, bunch of, — Neapolis, 57, Calacte, 169, Catana, 
 173, Naxus, 205 ff., Tauromenium, 254 f., Byzan- 
 tium, 395, 397, Hadrianopolis, 440. See also 
 Vine-bi-anch . 
 
 Griffin, seated, — Abdera, 382 if. ; rearing, — Abdera, 
 383 ; running, — Alba Fucentis, 21, Alaesa, 165 ; 
 holding lance, — Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 Griffin, forepart or head of, — Uncertain Aes Grave, 
 15, Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 H 
 
 Hades, caiTying oS Persephone, — Enna, 180. 
 
 Hammer and tongs, — Populonia, 17. 
 
 Hand, in cestus, — Tuder, 4 f. ; open, — Tibur or Prae- 
 neste, 8, Ardea, 9. 
 
 Hands, clasped, — Paestum, 101, — Alaesa, 166. 
 
 Hare, — Rhegium, 140, Messana, 197 ff. 
 
 Harpa, in oak- wreath, — Philip V., 344 f. 
 
 Harpocrates, standing, — Pex-inthus, 399 ; ivith Isis, 
 — Catana, 176. 
 
 Hebros, reclining, — Hadrianopolis, 441, Philippopolis, 
 443. 
 
 Heifer, — Byzantium, 395; on dolphin, — Byzantium, 393. 
 
 Hekate, running, icith torches, — Byzantium, 396; 
 riding on hull, — Pherae, 455. 
 
 Hekate, head of, facing, — Pherae, 455. 
 
 Helios, in qixadriga, — Perinthus, 403. 
 
 Helios, head or bust of, in profile, — Aetna, 154, 
 Entella, 180, Syracuse, 253, Philip V., 344; 
 facing, — Velecba, 13, Metapontum, 95. 
 
 Helmet, facing, — Mesembria, 421 ; in incuse square, 
 — Lete, 266, Perdiccas II., 284; Campanian, — 
 Uncertain of Sicily, 259 ; Macedonian, — Mace- 
 don, 339, Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Demetrius II., 
 342, Philip v., 345, Edonis, 350, Uncertain of 
 Macedon, 353. 
 
 Hen, — Himera, 186. 
 
 Hephaistos, seated, — Lipai'a, 260. 
 
 Hephaistos, head or bust of, — Populonia, 17, Arimi- 
 num, 19, Aesernia, 22, Lipara, 261. 
 
 Hera, head or bust of, in profile, — Capua, 30, Venu- 
 sia, 60, Thermae Himerenses, 189 f., Panormus, 
 209 ; facing,— Rjna., 33, Croton, 131 f. 
 
 Herakles, seated, — Thermae Himerenses, 189 f., 
 Topii'us, 447. 
 
 Herakles, reclining, — Croton, 131 f. 
 
 Herakles, standing, with usual attributes, — Heraclea, 
 86 f., Croton, 133, Thasos, 391 f. ; Farnese type, 
 — Pautalia, 443 ; loith patera, — Heraclea, 88, 
 Tomis, 416 ; tcitli apple, — Serdica, 446 ; croion- 
 ing himself, — Heraclea, 87, Perinthus, 401 ; 
 crowned by Nike, — Heraclea, 86. 
 
 Herakles, strangling serpents, — Tarentum, 80, Croton, 
 132, Serdica, 447; contending icith lion, — Suessa 
 Auranca, 47, Tarentum, 67, 81 ff., Heraclea, 
 85 f., Syracuse, 226 ; seizing horse, — Tarentum, 
 80; seizing hidl, — Selinus,217; shooting, — Thasos, 
 390 f. ; carrying Erymanthian hoar, — Peiinthus, 
 402 ; seizing stag, — Hadrianopolis, 441. 
 
INDEX IV. 
 
 Herakles, head of, bearded, — Agyrium, 165, Menae- 
 num, 196, Romans ia Sicily, 258, Perinthus, 
 400, Tomis, 416 ; wearing lion's shin,— Tea.te, 
 59, Lncani, 85, Briittii, 120, Vibo Valenfcia, 
 135, Uncertain of Italy, 151, Caraarina, 169, 
 Gala, 184, Thermae Himerenses, 190, laeta, 191, 
 Solus, 219, Amyntas III., 286, Philip V., 344, 
 Thasos, 391 ; wearing wreath, — Aluntiiim, 167, 
 Centuripae, 178, Cephaloedium, 178 f.; wearing 
 taenia, — Tauromenium, 255. 
 
 Herakles, head of, beardless, icearing lion's shin, — 
 Luceria, 14, 56, Uncertain Aes Grave, 15, Vetu- 
 lonia, 17, Uncertain of Etruria, 18, Teaniim 
 Sidiciuum, 48, Romano-Campanian, 51, Hyria 
 (Calabria), 63, Tareutiim, *68, Lncani, 85, 
 Metapontum, 95, Velia, 119, Bruttii, 123, Agri- 
 gentum, 161, Camarina, 170, Gela, 183 f., 
 Thermae Himei'enses, 190, Messana, 200, Mamer- 
 tini, 201, 203, Syracuse, 224, 243 f., Romans in 
 Sicily, 257 f., Amphipolis, 276, Philippi, 281, 
 Pydna, 282, Archelaus I., 285, Amyntas HI., 
 286, Perdiccas III., 287, Philip II., 289, 293, 
 295, Alexander the Great, 295 f., 299 ff., 
 Philip III., 332 ff., 345, Cassander, 334 ff., 
 Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Philip V., 344, Perseus, 
 347, Amphaxitis, 351, Maoedon under the 
 Romans, 357, Thessalonica, 366, Lysimachus, 
 425 f. ; wearing lion^s shin, and facing, — Popu- 
 lonia, 16, Tarentum, 83, Selinus, 218, Uncertain 
 of Macedon, 353 ; wearing wreath, — Callatia, 409. 
 
 Herakles, two figui-es of, — Heraclea, 88. 
 
 Hermes, standing, holding caduceiis, — Metapontum, 
 94, Aenus, 378 ; holding branch and cadnceus, — 
 Rhegium, 145 ; holding purse and caduccus, — 
 Aenus, 378, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414, Deultum, 
 439, Hadrianopolis, 441. 
 
 Hermes, agalma of, — Aenus, 378 ; on throne, — Aenus, 
 377. 
 
 Hermes, head or bust of, — Aenus, 378; wearing 
 petasos, — Ardea, 9, Populonia, 17, Alba Fucen- 
 tis, 21, Suessa Aurunca, 47, Romano-Liicerian, 
 56, Metapontum, 95, Calacte, 169, Ca+ana, 176, 
 Tragilus, 281, Aenus, 378, Sestos, 387, Samo- 
 thrace, 388 ; facing, -with close-fitting petasos, — 
 Aenus, 377. 
 
 Hieron, head of, — Syracuse, 247. 
 
 Hieronymus, head of, — Syi'aciise, 249 f. 
 
 Himera, sacnficing, — Himera, 187 f. 
 
 Hipparis, bust of^ facing, — Camarina, 170. 
 
 Homonoia, standing, — Perinthus, 400, 403, Marciano- 
 
 polis, 411 ff., Anchialus, 420, Philippopolis, 444 ; 
 with Demeter, — Perinthus, 402. 
 
 Homonoia, head of, — Thessali, 459. 
 
 Horse, standing, — Nuceria, 139, Uncertain of Italy, 
 151, Amyntas HI., 286; feeding, — Larissa, 
 452 f. ; loalhing, — Gela, 182, Demetrius (Bisal- 
 tae), 269, Perdiccas II., 284, Archelaus I., 285, 
 Pausanias, 286, Audoleon, 348 f., Thessalonica, 
 368, Gyrton, 450, Larissa, 453, Thessali, 459 ; 
 prancing, cantering, or trotting,- — -Luceria, 14, 
 Romano-Camjjanian, 50 f., Arpi, 53, Grumum, 
 55, Salapia, 58, Agrigentum, 161, Alaesa, 165, 
 Camarina, 171, Gela, 185, Syracuse, 226, 233 f., 
 Siculo-Punic, 257, Uncertain of Sicily, 259, 
 Amphipolis, 277, Perdiccas II., 284, Alexander 
 the Great, 330, Philip V., 345, Audoleon, 349, 
 Thessalonica, 367, Maroneia, 379 f., Uncertain 
 Thracian Dynast, 425, Larissa, 451 f., Thessali, 
 457 f. ; gcdloping, — Alba Fucentis, 12, Thessali, 
 459. 
 
 Horse, forepart of,— Maroneia, 379 f., Crannon, 449, 
 Tricca, 456. 
 
 Horse, head and neck of, — Formiac, Fundi or Fre- 
 gellae, 11, Romano-Campanian, 51, Larissa, 
 451, Phar.salus, 455. 
 
 Horse, head of, — Tarentum, 84. 
 
 Horseman, armed, loalhing, — Tarentum, 70, 77, 79, 
 Alexander I., 283, Perdiccas II., 284, Larissa, 
 452 ; prancing or cantering, — Capua, 29, Nea- 
 polis,42, Tarentum, 70, 72 ff., 77 f., Gela, 182 f., 
 Syracuse, 247, Perdiccas II., 284, Byzantium, 
 397, Lai-issa, 453, Pelinna, 454 ; galloping, — 
 Larinum, 25, Canusium, 55, Amestratus, 168, 
 Romans in Sicily, 258 ; crowning his horse, — ■ 
 Tarentum, 69; strihing at foe, — Pati'ans, 348, 
 Philippopolis, 444 ; spearing lion, — Byzantium, 
 397 ; vaulting from horse, — Tarentum, 68 f . ; 
 ivelcomed hi/ Nihe, — Tarentum, 73 ; dismounted, — 
 Tarentum, 71, Mamertini, 203, Segesta, 216, 
 Bisaltae, 268, Mosses, 269, Alexander I., 283. 
 
 Horseman, unarmed, standing, — Tarentum, 70 f., 77; 
 walhing, — Leontini, 192, Sp-acuse, 232, Pliilij) II., 
 290 ff. ; prancing or cantering, — Neapolis, 42, 
 Tarentum, 71, 78, Philip II., 293 ff., Alexander 
 the Great, 330, Philip HI., 334, Crannon, 449, 
 Pharsalus, 454 f. ; g(dloping, — ■ Romano-Cam- 
 panian, 52, Tarentum, 69, 78; crowning himself, — 
 Tarentum, 71, 73, 75 ; crowning his horse, — 
 Tarentum, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75 ff., 79 f., Cas.sander, 
 335 f., Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Philip V., 344, 
 
 3 p 
 
474 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 Perseus, 347, Macedon under the Romans, 357 ; 
 leiiih'ng spare horse, — Suessa Aurunca, 47 ; vault- 
 ing from horse, — Tarentum, 70, 75, Himera, 188, 
 Motya, 205; iceh'omed hy youth, — Tarentum, 72, 74. 
 
 Horsemen, two. Sec Dioskouroi. 
 
 Hound, — Alba Fucentis, 12, Nuceria Alfaterna, 45, 
 Eryx, 181, Mamertini, 200, Segesta, 215 f. ; 
 worrying hare, — Segesta, 215. Sec also Dog. 
 
 Hunter, with dogs, — Segesta, 215. 
 
 Hyblaea, bust of, — Hybla Magna, 191. 
 
 Hygieia, standing, — Rhegium, 146, Dionysopolis, 410, 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413, Tomis, 418, Pautalia, 
 442, Serdica, 446. 
 
 Hygieia and Asklepios. See Asklepios and Hygieia. 
 
 Hypsas, sacrificing, — Selinus, 217. 
 
 Idols, two archaic, — Capua, 30. 
 
 Incuse square, quadripartite, — Velia, 112, Orrescii, 
 263, Neapolis (Macedonia), 264, Eion, 265, Lete, 
 266, Aegae, 267, Bisaltae, 268, Acanthus, 270 f., 
 Maroneia, 379, Abdera, 382 f., Thasos, 389, 
 Panticapaeum, 423 ; ^ mill -sail' pattern, — Himera, 
 186, Selinus, 216, Byzantium, 393 ; containing 
 scallop, — Messana, 196 f.; containing female head, 
 — Syi'acuse, 219, 224; containing star, — Syra- 
 cuse, 230; containing helmet, — Lete, 266, Per- 
 diccas II., 284 ; containing ram's head,- — Maroneia, 
 379 ; containing symbols and letters, — Thracian 
 Chersonesus, 385 ; containing square, — Mosses, 
 269, Alexander I., 283. 
 
 Id crossing Bosporos, — Byzantium, 393. 
 
 lolaos, burning heads of hydra, — Agyrium, 165. 
 
 Isis, standing, — Agyrium, 165, Catana, 174 f., Leon- 
 tini, 194, Syracuse, 252 ; with Harpocrates, — 
 Catana, 176; in quadriga, — Syracuse, 251. 
 
 Isis, head of, — Syracuse, 253. 
 
 Isis and Sarapis, heads or busts of, jugate, — Catana, 
 174, Perinthus, 399. 
 
 Isis, head-dress of,— Syracuse, 253, Perinthus, 400. 
 
 Italia, seated on shields, — Social "War, 24. 
 
 Italia, head of, — Social War, 23 f. 
 
 Janiform head, female, — Rhegium, 144, Syracuse, 233 ; 
 of Sarapis, — Catana, 177. 
 
 Janus, head of, — Volaterrae, 3, Ardea, 9, Panormus, 
 210, Syracuse, 253, Romans in Sicily, 257 f., 
 Thessalonica, 368. 
 
 K 
 
 Kabeiros, standing, with rhyton and hammer, — Thes- 
 salonica, 368, 373, 375 ; tcith agonistic urn and 
 hammer, — Thessalonica, 374 ; in shrine, — Thes- 
 salonica, 373. 
 
 Kamarina, seated on swan, — Camarina, 170. 
 
 Kantharos, — Tarentum, 83, Abdera, 383, Peparethus, 
 460. 
 
 Kapaneus, storming city, — Bizj-a, 438. 
 
 Kyane, head of, — Syracuse, 232, 235. 
 
 Kybele, seated, — Tomis, 418. 
 
 Kyme, head of, — Cumae, 30. 
 
 Larissa, seated, — Larissa, 452. 
 
 Larissa, head of, facing, and in profile, — Larissa, 
 452 f. 
 
 Laurel-bough, — Centuripae, 178. 
 
 Leaf, — Selinus, 216. 
 
 Leopard, — Centuripae, 177. 
 
 Leukaspis, charging, — Syracuse, 225, 229. 
 
 Leukippus, head of, — Metapontum, 91. 
 
 Libertas, bust of, — ^Thessalonica, 370. 
 
 Lion, seated, — Cassander, 334 ; standing, — Teate, 59, 
 Paestum, 101, Leontini, 194, Amphipolis, 276 ; 
 walking, orproicling, — Phistelia, 46, Velia, 114 ii'., 
 Messana, 200, Syracuse, 238 f., Cassander, 336, 
 Macedon under the Romans, 357, 360, Augusta 
 Trajana, 447; running, — Heraclea, 85, Velia, 
 117, Lysimachus, 435 ; about to spring, — Velia, 
 112 f. ; with pjrey, — Velia, 117 f., Morgantina, 
 204 ; leaping on stag, — Velia, 113 f . ; leaping on 
 bull, — Acanthus, 270 f. ; holding sword, — Romano- 
 Campanian, 50; holding spear, — Mateola, 57; 
 holding thyrsos, — Uncertain of Italy, 151 ; holding 
 javelin, — Perdiccas III., 287, Cardia, 386. 
 
 Lion, forepart of, — Perdiccas II., 284, Aeropus, 285 ; 
 running, — Leontini, 194, Lysimachus, 435; devour- 
 ing prey, — Velia, 112, Acanthus, 270; looking 
 bade, — Thracian Chersonesus, 385. 
 
 Lion, head of, — Leontini, 193, Archelaus I., 285 ; 
 amid barleycorns, — Leontini, 191 ff. 
 
 i 
 
INDEX IV. 
 
 475 
 
 Lion, scalp of, — Rhegium, 140 ff., Leontini, 192, 
 Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 Lyre, — Tuder, 5, Capua, 30, Canusium, 55, Thurium, 
 112, Vibo Valentia, 136, Rhegium, 142 f., 145, 
 Adranum, 154, Alaesa, 166, Calacte, 169, Cen- 
 turipae, 177, Lilybaeum, 195, Menaenum, 196, 
 Syracuse, 231, Tauromenium, 254, Olynthus, 272^ 
 Bottice, 274, Edonis, 351, Pella, 363, Perinthus, 
 399. 
 
 Lyre and omphalos, — Neapolis, 41 f. 
 
 M 
 
 Maenad, standing, — Hybla Magna, 191. 
 
 Maenad, head of, — Neaijolis (Apulia), 57, Edonis^SSO. 
 
 Male figure, seated, holding various objects, — Tareu- 
 tum, 65 f., Rhegium, 141, Aenus, 378. 
 
 Male figure, reclining, holding kantharos and thyrsos, 
 — Bizya, 438. 
 
 Male figure, standing, n-ith small figure on extended 
 arm, — Caulonia, 126 f. ; lioJd'mg hranch and hij- 
 leaf, — Caulonia, 127 ; holding hranch, — Cau- 
 lonia, 127 f. ; icith staff and parazoninm, — Rhe- 
 gium, 144 ; of Egi/ptian type, with loreath and 
 branch, — Syracuse, 253. 
 
 Male head, — Canusium, 55 ; archaic, — Tarentum, 66 ; 
 helmeted, — Velia, 119 ; hehneted and inifhoiit nccl-, 
 — Perdiccas II., 284 ; diademed, — Hephaestia, 
 388 ; bearded, and lanrente, — Abacaenum, 153 ; 
 bearded, and rearing taenia, — Odessus, 418 ; 
 bearded, and wearing peculiar head-dress, — Sar- 
 dinia, 262 ; bearded, and helmeted, — Entella, 180, 
 Syi'acuse, 234. See also Adranus, Byzas, Leuk- 
 ippos, and Yoang male head. 
 
 Marks of Value, — Volaterrae, 3, Iguvium, 4, Uncertain 
 Aes Grave, 6, Hatria, 7, Ardea, 10, Himera, 188 f., 
 Panormus, 208 f. ; within wreath, — Himera, 189. 
 
 Marsyas, standing, — Coela, 386, Deultum, 440. 
 
 Medusa, head of,— Amphipolis, 278. 
 
 Moesia, standing, between bull and lion, — Viminacium, 
 407 ff. 
 
 Monster, forepart of, — Himera, 188. 
 
 Mussel-shell, — Cumae, 30 f. 
 
 N 
 
 Negro, head of,— Uncertain of Etruria, 18. 
 
 Nemesis, standirg. — Marcianopolis, 412, Nicopolis ad 
 Istrum, 416, Deultum, 439 ; loinged, — Perinthus 
 404. 
 
 Nike, seated, — Terina, 146 ff., Morgantina, 204. 
 
 Nike, standing, crowning trophy, — Capua, 29, Bruttii, 
 122 f . ; erecting trophy, — Syracuse, 238 ; attach 
 ing wreaih to pahn-hrancli, — Romano- Campanian, 
 52 ; holding thunderbolt, — Tarentum, 84 ; holding 
 caduceus, — Terina, 148; holding wreath and palm, 
 — Hipponium, 134, Mamertini, 203, Philippi, 
 282, Alexander the Great, 297, Stobi, 365, Thes- 
 salonica, 368, Byzantium, 397 f. ; sacrificing hull, 
 — Syracuse, 252 ; holding wreath and arvXis, — ■ 
 Alexander the Great, 296 ff., Philip III., 331 f. ; 
 holding acrostolion and a-rvXU, — Antigonus, 336 ; 
 OH pron\ blowing trumpet, — Demetrius Poliorcetes, 
 337 f . ; writing on shield, — Thessalonica, 372 ; 
 welcoming horseman, — Tarentum, 73. 
 
 Nike, advancing, — holding icreath and palm, — Catana, 
 176, Stobi, 365, Thessalonica, 370, 372 f., Tomis, 
 417, Hadrianopolis, 441, Philippopolis, 444 ; 
 escorting Alexander the Great, — Macedon under 
 the Romans, 357 ; carrying trophy on pole, — 
 Thessalonica, 373 ; holding Kabeiros and palm, — ■ 
 Thessalonica, 372 ff. 
 
 Nike, flying, — Camariua, 169; holding aplustre, — 
 Himera, 188 f . ; crowning Poseidon, — Brun- 
 dusium, 61 f . ; crowning Tarus, — Tarentum, 77; 
 crowning Herakles, — Heraclea, 86 ; crowning 
 horseman, — Tarentum, 67, 71 f., 74, 77 f., 
 crowning biga, — Messana, 197 f. ; crowning quad- 
 riga, — Camarina, 169 f., Catana, 171, ff., Gela, 
 181 ff., Himera, 187, Leontini, 191 f., Syracuse, 
 220 ff. ; crowning man-headed bull, — Cales, 28, 
 Neapolis, 33 ff., 41, Nola, 44, Suessa Aurunca, 
 47, Teanum Sidicinum, 48 ; crowning forepart of 
 man-headed hull, — Gela, 182 ; crowning bidl, — 
 Thurium, 106, 111 ; crowning lion, — Velia, 118; 
 crowning tripod, — Croton, 132. 
 
 Nike, driving, in biga, — Atella, 26, Cales, 27, Bruttii, 
 120, Menaenum, 195, Messana, 200, Syracuse, 
 241, 245 ff., 252, Macedon under the Romans, 
 359, Pautalia, 442 ; in triga, — Teanum Sidici- 
 num, 48 ; in quadriga, — Romano-Lucerian, 56, 
 Agrigentum, 157, Syracuse, 241, 246. 
 
 Nike, head or bust of, — Metapontum, 94 f., Bruttii, 
 120 f ., 124 f. ; surrounded by dolphins, — Syi'acuse, 
 221. 
 
 Nymph, seated, on swan, — Camarina, 170; in chair, 
 — Larissii, 452. 
 
 3 p 2 
 
476 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 Nymph, sacrificing, — Himera, 187 f. 
 
 Nymph, abduction of, hij centaur, — OrrescLi, 263, 
 Lete, 266 ; hij saf,/r,—ThiiSos, 389. 
 
 Nymph, head of, i)i profile, — Catana, 173, Himera, 
 189, Motya, 205, Plialanna, 454 ; fHdng,—Aha- 
 caenum, 154, Segesta, 214, Gomphi, 450, Scotussa, 
 455. See cdsu Larissa, Pelorias, Segesta, Sikelia, 
 Terina. 
 
 NymphSj three, standing, — Thermae Himerenses, 190. 
 
 O 
 
 Oatli, taking of,— Social War, 23 f., Atella, 27. 
 
 Obelisk on base, — Byzantium, 394. 
 
 Olive, sprig of, — Rhegium, 141 f. 
 
 Omphalos, — Mamertini, 202. 
 
 Omphalos and lyre, — Neapolis, 41 f. 
 
 Orpheus, ])laying lyre, — Philippopolis, 445. 
 
 Owl, standing, — Uncertain of Etruria, 18, Tarentum 
 74, Vibo Valentia, 135, Panormus, 209, Myrina, 
 388, Peparethus, 460 ; on value-marks, — Popu 
 Ionia, 17 ; on colunni, — Azetium, 54, Teate, 58 
 Tai'entum, 78 ; on hrancli, — Teate, 59, Venusia 
 60, Tarentum, 74, 76, 78, Velia, 113, 119 
 Uncertain of Italy, 150 ; on bar, — Teate, 59 
 Bruttii, 125; on thunderboH, — Tarentum, 68 
 76; on amphora, — Calacte, 168, Tauromenium 
 256; lioldlng lizard, — Camariua, 170. 
 
 Ox, — Tuder, 5. 
 
 Ox, head of, — Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 Oxen, yoke of^ — Assorus, 168. 
 
 Pallas, seated, holding Nike, — Macedon under the 
 Romans, 357 f., 361, Lysimachus, 426 ft'., Scos- 
 tocos, 436. 
 
 Pallas, standing, — Locri, 138, Camainna, 169, Dium, 
 361, NicoiDolis ad Istrum, 414, Deultum, 440 ; 
 liolding Nike, — Rhegium, 145, Amphipolis, 278 ; 
 before alfar, — Heraclea, 88 ; on the dcfotsirc, — 
 Mamertini, 202, Deultum, 439 ; Jiyhtimj, — 
 Syracuse, 243 f . See alno Athena. ' 
 
 Pallas, running, — Caelia, 55, Bruttii, 121 ff. 
 
 Pallas, driving quadi'iga, — Camarina, 169. 
 
 Pallas, bust or head of, in profile, icearing Athenian 
 helmet, — Myriii, 31 f., Neapolis, 33, Nola, 44, 
 
 Tarentum, 74, 76, 78, 80 &., Heraclea, 85 f., 88, 
 Metapontiim, 94, Thurium, 103 ff., Velia, 113 ff., 
 Rhegium, 145, Calacte, 168, Camarina, 170 f., 
 Moi-gantina, 204, Solus, 219, Syracuse, 224, 
 Acanthus, 271, Am})hipolis, 278, Macedonia a 
 Roman Province, 356, Pella, 363, Thessalonica, 
 367, Lysimachus, 435, Pharsahis, 454 f. ; wear- 
 ing Corinthian helmet, — Tibur (or Praeneste), 8, 
 Ardea, 9, Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, PoiDulonia, 
 17, Aquinum, 21, Aesemia, 22, Cales, 27 f., 
 Suessa Am-unca, 47, Teanum Sidicinum, 48, 
 Romano- Campanian, 51, Azetium, 54, Caelia, 
 54 f., Luceria, 56, Mateola, 57, Teate, 58 f., 
 Venusia, 59 f., Tarentum, 68, 80 f., Heraclea, 
 86 f., Metapontum, 94, Velia, 118, Bruttii, 125, 
 Croton, 133, Hipponium, 134, Vibo Valentia, 
 135, LocH, 137 f., Uncertain of Italy, 150, 152, 
 Panormus, 209, Syracuse, 233, 239 f., 244, 250, 
 252, Tauromenium, 255 f., Uncertain of Sicily, 
 259, Alexander the Great, 296 If., Philip HI., 
 331 f., Antigonus, 336, Demetrius Poliorcetes, 
 338, Antigonus Gonatas, 341, Thessalonica, 367, 
 Myrina, 388, Samothrace, 389 ; loearing Phrygian 
 helmet,— Velia, 117 f. 
 
 Pallas, head or bust of, facing, — Tarentum, 81, 
 Heraclea, 86, Metapontum, 95, Velia, 117, Mor- 
 gantina, 204, Syracuse, 229, 232, Audoleon, 
 348 f., Phalanna, 454, Pharsalus, 445. 
 
 Pan, seated,— Pella, 364. 
 
 Pan, standing, — Bruttii, 120 f . ; erecting trophy, — 
 Antigonus Gonatas, 341. 
 
 Pan, head or bust of, — Salapia, 58, Pella, 362 ; in 
 3Iacedonian shield, — Antigonus Gonatas, 340; 
 bearded, — Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 Pegasos, — Formiae, Fundi or Fregellae, 11, Romano- 
 Campanian, 51, Croton, 131, Locri, 138, Entella, 
 180, Syracuse, 232, 234 f ., 239, 244, 248, Tauro- 
 menium, 255 f. ; feeding, — Panticapaeum, 424. 
 
 Pegasos, forepart of, — Syracuse, 232, 234. 
 
 Peloiias, head of, — Messana, 199 f. 
 
 Persephone, seated, — Locri, 138. 
 
 Persephone, standing, — Catana, 177. 
 
 Persephone, head of, icearing wreath of corn, — Arpi, 
 53, Heraclea, 87, Metapontum, 92 ff., Paestum, 
 100 f ., Croton, 133, Aetna, 155, Agrigentum, 164, 
 Entella, 180, Panormus, 209, Syracuse, 234, 
 241 ff., 248 f., 253, Siculo-Punic, 257, Cardia, 
 386; burrounded by dolphins, — Centuripae, 177 f., 
 Syracuse, 227, 236 ff. ; diademed, — Locri, 138. 
 
 Perseus, hero, head of, — Amphipolis, 276, Philip V., 
 
INDEX IV. 
 
 477 
 
 345, Perseus, 346 f., Macedonia a Roman 
 Province, 355 f. ; in Macedonntn shichi, — Philip 
 v., 343, 345. 
 
 Perseus, King, head of, — Perseus, 346. 
 
 Pherainion, charging, — Messana, 199 f. 
 
 Philip v., head of,— Philip V., 343. 
 
 Philistis, head of, — Syi-acuse, 246. 
 
 Pig, — Paestum, 102, Abacaenum, 153. 
 
 Pilei of Dioskouroi, — Catana, 173. 
 
 Plough, — Centui'ipae, 178; drcacii hij serpenis, — Euna, 
 180. 
 
 Poseidon, seated, JiohUiuj doljtMn and trident, — Panor- 
 mus, 208 ; liold'uKj apliistre and trident, — Deme- 
 trius Poliorcetes, 338, Byzantium, 393, Byzantium 
 and Calchedon, 398. 
 
 Poseidon, standing, holdimj seeptrc, — Bruttii, 121 ; 
 strilciiKj with trident, — Poseidonia, 96 ft"., Sybaris, 
 103, Demetrius Poliorcetes, 337 f. ; leanimj on 
 trident, — Demetiius Poliorcetes, 337 f. ; holdiuij 
 Nilcc and trident, — Byzantium, 394. 
 
 Poseidon, bust or head of, wreatlied, — Brundusium, 
 61 f., Paestum, 99 ff., Messana, 199 f.. Solus, 
 219, Antigonus, 340, Philip V., 343 f., Byzan- 
 tium, 395 ; icenring diadem or taenia, — Paestum, 
 100, Bruttii, 120, Syracuse, 248, 250 f., Amphi- 
 polis, 276 f., Macedonia a Roman Province, 355, 
 Pella, 363, Aenus, 378, Byzantium, 394, Byzan- 
 tium and Calchedon, 398, Tomis, 416. 
 
 Prow, — Romano - Lucerian, 56, Panormus, 210, 
 Amphipolis, 277, Demetrius Poliorcetes, 338, 
 Philip v., 344, Byzantium, 395, Byzantium and 
 Calchedon, 398, Demetrias, 450. See also Apollo, 
 Eros, Nike, Warrior. 
 
 Q 
 
 Quadriga, /'(s/, — Atelhi, 26, Luceria, 56, Agrigentum, 
 157, Camai'ina, 170, Catana, 172 f., Leontini, 
 191, Selinus, 218, Syracuse, 224 ff, 236, 241, 
 246, Cherronesus, 422 ; slow, — Catana, 171 f., 
 Gela, 181 ff., Himera, 187, Leontini, 191 f., 
 Selinus, 217, Syracuse, 219 ff., 246, 251, 
 Periiithus, 401 ; containing ag<dinu, — Syracuse, 
 251. 
 
 Quiver, — Thessalonica, 367 ; ivith how, — Alaesa, 167 ; 
 ivith chd) and how, — Luceria, 56, Alexander the 
 Great, 327 ff. 
 
 Quiver-Like object, — Syracuse, 253. 
 
 R 
 
 Ram, standing,— Panormus, 210, 212, Uncertain of 
 Sicily, 259, Hephaestia, 388, Samothrace, 388. 
 
 Ram, forepart of, — Samothrace, 389. 
 
 Ram, head of, — Velecha, 13, Uncertain Aes Grave, 
 15, Maroneia, 379. 
 
 Rhoemetalces I., head of, — 437. 
 
 River-god, seated, — Leontini, 194; reclining,— Qsidina, 
 173, Hadrianopolis, 441, Pautalia, 442, Philip- 
 popolis, 443 ; standing, — Assonas, 168, Segesta, 
 215 ; sacrificing, — Leontini, 193, Selinus, 217. 
 
 River-god, head or bust of, — Catana, 173, Leontini, 
 194, Panormus, 208. »SVe also Akragas, Amena- 
 nos, Anapus, Assinos, Gelas, Hipparis, Strymon. 
 
 Roma, seated, crowned hij Fides, — Locri, 137 ; crowned 
 hi] Citij-goddess, — Edessa, 362. 
 
 Roma, standing, — Thessalonica, 371. 
 
 Roma, head of, icearing Phri/gian liehnet, — Romano- 
 Campanian, 52, Amphipolis, 276, Macedonia a 
 Roman Province, 355 f. ; wearing Athenian 
 helmet, — Metapontam, 94. 
 
 Rose, — Tragilus, 281. 
 
 S 
 
 Sarapis, seated, — Callatia, 410, Anchialus, 419, 
 
 Hadrianopolis, 441 ; standing, — Perinthus, 401, 
 
 403, Odessus, 419, Hadrianopolis, 441. 
 Sarapis, head or bust of, — Catana, 176, Menaenum, 
 
 195 f., Syracuse, 252, Perinthus, 399; toith 
 
 Gordinn, — Dionysopolis, 410, Odessus, 419 ; 
 
 Janiform, — Catana, 177. 
 Sarapis and Isis, heads or busts of, — Catana, 174, 
 
 Perinthus, 399. 
 Satyr, IcneeUng, — Lete, 266, Thasos, 390 ; carrying off 
 
 nymph, — Thasos, 389. See also Pan. 
 Scallop-shell, — Agrigentum, 161, Messana, 196 f. 
 Sea-eagle, tearing dolj^hin, — Istrus, 410. 
 Sea-horse, — Tarentum, 65, Syracuse, 233. 
 Segesta, head of, — Segesta, 212 ff. 
 Seilenos, seated, — Naxus, 206 f. ; standing, — Coela, 
 
 386, Bizya, 438 ; washing himself at fountain,— 
 
 Himera, 187. 
 Seilenos, head" of, facing, — Hatria, 7, Macedonia a 
 
 Roman Province, 356 ; in profile, — Tuder, 19, 
 
 Metapontum, 95, Catana, 171, 173. 
 Selene in biga, — Capua, 29, Perinthus, 403. 
 Selinon leaf, — Selinus, 216. 
 
478 
 
 INDEX IV. 
 
 Selinos sacrificing, — Selinus, 217. 
 
 Serpent, coiled, — Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414, Hadriano- 
 
 polis, 442, Pautalia, 443 ; round tripod, — Lily- 
 
 baeum, 195, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413 ; round 
 
 staff, — Syracuse, 253. 
 Serpent, head and neck of, crested, — Uncertain Aes 
 
 Grave, 15. 
 Serpents, yoke of, winged, — Enna, 180. 
 Sheaf of corn, — Leontini, 194. 
 Shell. See Cockle, Mussel, Scallop. 
 Shield, Macedonian, — Macedonia, 339, Antigonus, 
 
 340, 342, Demetrius II., 342, Philip V., 343, 
 
 345, Edonis, 350, Bottiaia, 352, Uncertain of 
 
 Macedon, 353, Macedonian Confederations, 354, 
 
 Macedonia a Roman Province, 356, Macedon 
 
 under the Romans, 360. 
 Sickle-shaped object, containing dolphin, — Messana, 
 
 196 f. 
 Sikelia, head of, — Herbessus, 185. 
 Skylla,— Alliba, 26. 
 Soldier, facing, with ox, — Social War, 23. See also 
 
 Warrior. 
 Soldiers, taking oath, — Social War, 23, Atella, 27. 
 Sow and pig, — Abacaenum, 154. 
 Spear-point, — Tuder, 5. 
 Spokes of wheel, with nave, — Luceria, 14. 
 Sprig of olive, — Rhegium, 141 f. 
 Square, with pellets, — Abdera, 384. See also Incuse 
 
 square. 
 Stag,— Caulonia, 127 f. 
 Stalk of corn. See Corn. 
 Standards, two, — Callatia, 410. See also Dacia and 
 
 Moesia. 
 Standards, three,^Philippi, 282. 
 Star, — Syracuse, 230, Uncertain of Sicily, 259. See 
 
 also Crescent and star. 
 Stern of ship, — Lipara, 261, Edonis, 350, Bottiaia, 
 
 352, Panticapaeum, 424. 
 Stesichorus, reading, — Thermae Himerenses, 190. 
 Strymon, head of, — Edonis, 350 f. 
 Swastica ornament, — Syracuse, 235. 
 
 T 
 
 Table, witli agonistic nrn, — Macedon under the 
 Romans, 360, Philippopolis, 445 ; loith two 
 agonistic urns, — Macedon under the Romans, 
 359. 
 
 Taras, on dolphin, — Tarentam, 64 ff., 84. 
 
 Terina, head of, — Terina, 146 ff. 
 
 Temple, — Paestum, 102, Panormus, 211, Thessalonica, 
 375 ; with statue of diviidtij, — Thessalonica, 373, 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 415 ; Apollonia (Thrace), 
 421. 
 
 Temples, two, — Macedon under the Romans, 359 f., 
 Perinthus, 401. 
 
 Thalassa, — Perinthus, 403. 
 
 Thanatos, standing, — Hadrianopolis, 441, Philippo- 
 polis, 445, Plotinopolis, 445. 
 
 Theoxenia, — Bizya, 438. 
 
 Thessalonica, bust of, — Thessalonica, 368. 
 
 Thetis, on sea-horse, with Eros, — Bruttii, 120. 
 
 Thetis, head of.— Bruttii, 121, 125. 
 
 Thunderbolt, — Ardea, 9, Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, 
 Luceria, 14, Consentia, 128, Uncertain of Italy, 
 152, Syracuse, 234 1, Philip II., 345, Uncertain 
 of ]\Iacedon, 353 ; winged, — Hyria (Calabria), 
 63, Vibo Valentia, 134, Locri, 137, Agrigentum, 
 162, Cataua, 171, 173, Centuripae, 177, Syra- 
 cuse, 239 f., 249 f., Bottiaia, 352, Macedon under 
 the Romans, 360 f. ; in oalc-ioreath, — Philip V., 
 344. 
 
 Thyrsos, leaning on tripod, — Panticapaeum,^ 424. 
 
 Toad, — Tuder, 5, Luceria, 14. 
 
 Tomos, head of, — Tomis, 416. 
 
 Tonzos, river, — Hadrianopolis, 441. 
 
 Torch, long, — Syracuse, 253 ; within wreath, — Syra- 
 cuse, 243. 
 
 Torch, racing, — Amphipolis, 275 ; between caps of 
 Kaheiroi, — Hephaestia, 388. 
 
 Torches, two, crossed, — Menaenum, 196 ; upright,— 
 Byzantium and Nicaea, 398 f. 
 
 Tortoise, — Alba Fucentis, 12, Uncertain Aes Grave, 15. 
 
 Trident, — Ariminum, 4, Tuder, 5, Uncertain Aes 
 Grave, 15, Paestum, 100, Messana, 199, Syracuse^ 
 
 250, Lipara, 261, Edonis, 350 ; between dolphins, 
 — ^Vetulonia, 17, Messana, 199 f., Syracuse, 248, 
 
 251, Byzantium, 394. 
 
 Triga, fast, — Teanum Sidicinum, 48. 
 
 Tripod,— Neapolis, 43, Thurium, 112, Velia, 119, 
 Croton, 128 ff., Mystia and Hyporon, 138, 
 Rhegium, 143 f., Agrigentum, 164, Centuripae, 
 178, Leontini, 193, Morgantina, 204, Syracuse, 
 231, 251, Tauromenium, 254 f., Philippi, 281, 
 Cassander, 334 f., Pella, 363 ; surmounted hij 
 sprays of laurel, — Amphaxitis, 351 ; surmounted 
 hy halls, — Thessalonica, 374 f. ; icith serpent 
 entwined, — Lilybaeum, 195, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 
 413 ; with thyrsos, — Panticapaeum, 424. 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
INDEX IV. 
 
 479 
 
 Ti'iptolemos, standing, — Enna, 180. 
 
 Ti'iquetra of legs, ^Syracuse, 238, Uncertain Tliraco- 
 Macedonian, 448; loHh Oorgoii's head, — Syra- 
 cuse, 238, Komans in Sicily, 258 ; with Gonjou's 
 head and ears of barleij, — laeta, 191, Panormus, 
 209, 211. 
 
 Trojjhy, — Caelia, 54, Lysimachus, 435. 
 
 Tunny-fishes and dolphin, — Byzantium, 396 f., Byzan- 
 tium and Nicaea, 399. 
 
 Tyche, with rudder and cornucopiae, seated, — Ha- 
 drianopolis, 442; standing, — Byzantium, 397, 
 Perinthus, 400, Marcianojoolis, 411, Hadriano- 
 polis, 440, Pautalia, 443. 
 
 Tyche of Syracuse, with rudder and sceptre, — Syra,- 
 cuse, 251. 
 
 U 
 
 Urceus, branch, and knife, — Paestum, 102. 
 
 Urn, agonistic, with palm, — ■ Thessalonica, 374, B}'- 
 
 zantium, 396 ; on table, — Macedon under the 
 
 Romans, 360, Philippopolis, 445. 
 Urns, two agonistic, on table, — Macedon under the 
 
 Romans, 359. 
 
 Vase, with poppy-head and ears of corn,— Perinthus, 
 
 400. See also Basket. 
 Vase, two-handled, — Tuder, 5. 
 Vine, — Maroneia, 379 f. 
 Vine-branch, with grapes, — Maroneia, 380, Scotussa, 
 
 455. 
 
 W 
 
 Warrior, seated, — Mamertini, 203 ; standing, — Aetna, 
 154, Alaesa, 167, Mamertini, 203, Panormus, 
 210 ff., Amphipolis, 278, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 
 414, Tomis, 417 f., Serdica, 447; standing beside 
 ox, — Social War, 23 ; standing on prow, — By- 
 zantium, 395 ; advancing, — Ariminum, 19, 
 Bruttii, 123, Messana, 199 f., Mamertini, 202, 
 Silerae, 218, Solus, 219, Syracuse, 225, 229; 
 storming toiiin, — Bizya, 438 ; thrusting, — Agi'igen- 
 tum, 164, Mamertini, 202; retreating, — Pelinnn, 
 
 454 ; hiecling, — Cherronesus, 422. See also 
 Horseman armed. 
 
 Warrior, head of, — Hyria (Calabria), 63, Panormus, 
 209. 
 
 Water-nymph, head of, facing, — Abacaenum, 154. 
 
 Wheel, archaic, — Alba Fucentis, 11 f . ; of eight 
 sjwlces, — Uncertain Aes Grave, 15, Luceria, 56 ; 
 of six S2)olce.s, — Uncertain of Etruria, 18 ; of four 
 spolces, — Tarentum, 64, Agyi-ium, 165, Gela, 
 184, Syracuse, 221, 230, Acanthus, 271, Mesem- 
 bria, 421. 
 
 Wolf, — Paestum, 101, Phalanna, 454; suckling 
 twins, — Coela, 386, Deultum, 439 f. 
 
 Wreath, containing inscription, — Paestum, 102, Mes- 
 sana, 199, Panormus, 210, Syi^acuse, 253, Am- 
 phipolis, 276, Macedon under the Romans, 
 355 f., Thessalonica, 368 ff., 375, Lysimachia, 
 387, Perinthus, 403 ; containing monogram, — 
 Panormus, 210, Romans in Sicily, 258, Uncer- 
 tain of Sicily, 259. 
 
 Young head, hehneted, — Alba Fucentis, 11, Social 
 War, 23, Hyria (Calabria), 63, Aluntium, 167, 
 Lysimachus, 435 ; diademed, — Romano- Cam- 
 panian, 50; facing, — Phistelia, 46. 
 
 Young male head, or bust, — Neapolis, 42, Alaesa, 
 167, Panormus, 208, Syracuse, 226, Romans in 
 Sicily, 258, Sardinia, 262, Abdera, 384, Pha- 
 lanna, 454 ; wearing diadem, filet, or taenia, — 
 Formiae, Fundi, or Fregellae, 10, Salapia, 58, 
 Agrigentum, 161, 164, Alaesa, 167, Panormus, 
 2U7, Syracuse, 238 f., Demetrius (Bisaltae), 269, 
 Archelaus I., 285, Pausanias, 286, Alexander 
 the Great, 330, Philip III., 334, Tomis, 416, 
 Panticapaeum, 424 ; wearing jjilos, — ■ Formiae, 
 Fundi, or Fregellae, 11 ; hehneted, — Social War, 
 23; icreathed, — Larinum, 25, Nuceria Alfaterna, 
 45, Catana, 172, Cephaloedium, 179, Morgan- 
 tina, 204, Syracuse, 236, Apollonia, 270 ; horned, 
 — Nuceria Alfaterna, 45, Metapontum, 91, 95 ; 
 wearing Tcausia, — Aeropus, 285, Crannon, 449. 
 
 Young male heads, two, one inverted, — Istrus, 
 410. 
 
 Youth, standing, slaying ram, — Gela, 185 ; sidxhting 
 bull, — Larissa, 451 f. ; subduing forepart of h nil, 
 — Crannon, 449, Tricca, 456. 
 
4fl0 
 
 INDEX V. 
 
 Youth, riding, on hc-goat, — Himera, 188 f. ; on man- 
 hmded hnU, — Panoriims, 208. Sec <dso Horseman 
 unarmed. 
 
 Z 
 
 Zeus, seated, with sceptre, fioldiiKj eagle, — Alexander 
 the Great, 299 ff., PhiHii III., 332 ff., Lysi- 
 machus, 425 f. ; lioJdituj Nilce, — Macedon under 
 the Romans, 359 ; holding jjidera, — Macedon 
 ^^nder the Romans, 357, Peinnthus, 400, 402 f., 
 Nicoj^olis ad Istrum, 415 ; holding thnndcrholt, — 
 Goniphi, 45U. 
 
 Zeus, standing, with sceptre, holding jndera, — Mar- 
 cianopolis, 411 ; holding fhnnderholt, — Macedon 
 under the Romans, 361. 
 
 Zeus, thundering, on foot, — Bruttii, 124, Petelia, 139 ; 
 in hign, — Aesernia, 22, Bi'uttii, 125 ; in quod- 
 rigo, — Atella, 26. 
 
 Zeus, head of, young, — Mamertini, 201. 
 
 Zeus, head of, bearded, — Peparethus, 460 ; lamrotc, — 
 Atella, 26 f., Capua, 29, Arpi, 53, Barium, 54, 
 Caelia, 55, Rubi, 57, Salapia, 58, Venusia, 59 f., 
 Graxa, 62, Tarentum, 68, 84, Lucani, 85, 
 Velia, 119, Bruttii, 123 f., Hipisonium, 133, 
 Vibo Valentia, 134, Locri, 136 f., Petelia, 139, 
 Abacaenum, 153, Agrigentum, 162 &., Alaesa, 
 166, Centuripae, 177, Mamertini, 202, Panor- 
 mus, 209 ff., Syracuse, 251 f., Romans in 
 Sicily, 258, Amphipolis, 277 f., Philip IT., 
 290 If., Bottiaia, 352, Uncertain of Macedon, 
 353, Thessalonica, 366 f., Macedon (barbarous), 
 376, Aenus, 378, Gomphi, 450, Magnetes, 453 ; 
 wreathed loith oali--leiU-es, — Larinum, 25, Thessali, 
 456 ff. See also Amnion, and Sarapis. 
 
 Zeus Eleutherios, head of, — Mefcapontum, 91, Syracuse, 
 232, 234 f., 238, 240. 
 
 Zeus Hellaniijs, head of, — Syracuse, 242 f. 
 
 Zodiac, signs of, — Perinthus, 403. 
 
 INDEX \ 
 
 SYMBOLS 
 
 Acorn, — Laus, 88, Romano -Cam- 
 pan ian, 51, Abacaenum, 153. 
 
 Acrostolion, — Thurium, 106. 
 
 Altai', — Metapontum, 92, Byzantium 
 and Nicaea, 399. 
 
 Ammon, head of, — Alexander the 
 Great, 319. 
 
 Amphora, — Neapolis, 35, Taren- 
 tum, 81, 83, Metapontum, 93, 
 Bruttii, 121, Syi-acuse, 235, 
 Alexander the Great, 304, 321, 
 Thessalonica, 374, Thracian 
 Chersonesus, 385, Sestus, 387, 
 Thasos, 391. 
 
 Amphorae, two, — Mentapontum, 92 ; 
 three, — Camarina, 170. 
 
 Anchor, — Romano-Campanian, 52, 
 Tarentum, 76, Bruttii, 123 f.^ 
 Alexander the Great, 314 f., 
 324, Demetrius II., 342. 
 
 Animal, — Byzantium and Nicaea, 
 398. 
 
 Ant, — Metapontum, 93. 
 
 Antelope, skull of, — Croton, 131. 
 
 Aplustre, — Cales, 28, Heraklea, 87, 
 Paestum, 100, Philip II., 291, 
 Alexander the Great, 302, 306, 
 Demetrius Poliorcetes, 338, 
 Lysimachus, 431. 
 
 Arrow, — Syracuse, 238 f. 
 
 Arrow-head,— Philip II., 293. 
 
 Artemis, holding two torches, — 
 Neapolis, 35, Alexander the 
 Great, 302 ; rnnning with long 
 torch, — Neapolis, 35 f., Meta- 
 pontum, 92, Alexander the 
 Great, 322. 
 
 Astragalos,— Neapolis, 35 f., 38, 40, 
 Gela, 183, Syracuse, 237, 251. 
 
 Axe, — Syracuse, 237. 
 
 Barley, stalk of, — Segesta, 215, 
 Syracuse, 243, 246. Sec also 
 Ear of corn. 
 
 Barleycorn, — Cumae, 31, Posei- 
 donia, 98, Croton, 130, Agri- 
 gentum, 155 f., 158 f., Enna, 
 179 f., Gela, 182, 184, Leon- 
 tini, 193, Segesta, 215, 217, 
 Selinus, 217, Syracuse, 235, 
 Uncertain of Sicily, 259, 
 Cardia, 386. 
 
 Bee, — Neapolis, 36, Hybla Magna, 
 191, Syracuse, 241, 244, Tauro- 
 menium, 255 f., Philip II., 
 288, 294, Alexander the Great, 
 303, 320 f., Phihp III., 333, 
 Lysimachus, 432. 
 
 Beetle,— Philip II., 288. 
 
 Bipennis, — Cales, 27, Alexander 
 the Great, 310, 324, 330, 
 
INDEX V. 
 
 481 
 
 Philip III., 334, Demetrius 
 Poliorcetes, 337 f., Demetrius 
 II., 342. 
 
 Bird,— Thurium, 105, 108, Bruttii, 
 121, Selimis, 217, Bisaltae, 268. 
 
 Boar, head of, — Phalanna, 454. 
 
 Bow, — Rhegium, 143, Thermae 
 Himerenses, 190, Syracuse, 231, 
 239, Amphipolis, 275, Philip 
 II., 290, 294, Alexander the 
 Great, 312, Edonis, 351 ; in 
 case, — Lysimachus, 432 ; with 
 quiver, — Lysimachus, 434 ; 
 loith clnh, — Croton, 131. 
 
 Bow-case, — Heraclea, 88. 
 
 Branch, — Poseidonia, 98, Thurium, 
 106, 109, Croton, 130, 132, 
 Philip II., 293, Alexander the 
 Great, 304, Perseus, 346. See 
 also Olive, and Palm. 
 
 Bucranium, — Neapolis, 36, 42, 
 Tarentum, 78, Bruttii, 122 f., 
 125, Caulonia, 127, Rhegium, 
 142, Alaesa, 166, Syi-acuse, 
 237, 241, 244, 247, 249, Philip 
 II., 290 f., Alexander the 
 Great, 300. 
 
 Bull, — Selinus, 217, Viminacium, 
 407 ff. ; hutting, — Vibo Valen- 
 tia, 135, Selinus, 217. 
 
 Bull, man-headed, — Selinus, 217. 
 
 Caduceus, — Neapolis, 41 f., Taren- 
 tum, 69, Metapontura, 93, 
 Poseidonia, 99, Paestuni, 100, 
 Thurium, 110, Velia, IIG, 
 Bi-uttii, 122, 124, Hipponium, 
 133, Locri, 137, Petelia, 139 f., 
 Alaesa, 166, Alexander the 
 Great, 301, 313, 320, 328, 
 Macedon, 339, Uncertain of 
 Macedon, 353, Thessalonica, 
 367, Aenus, 378, Hephaestia, 
 388, Lysimachus, 428. 
 
 Caduceus, head of, — Philip V., 343. 
 
 Cap,— Philip II., 291, 293, Alexan- 
 der the Great, 304, 330. 
 
 Capital of column, — Tarentum, 73, 
 75, 80. 
 
 Capricorn, — Alexander the Great, 
 330, Rhoemetalces I., 437. 
 
 Chimaera, — Alexander the Great, 
 306. 
 
 Cicada, — Tarentum, 77, Laus, 88, 
 Bruttii, 121, Agi'igentum, 159 f ., 
 Alaesa, 165, Syracuse, 223, 
 Philip II., 291. 
 
 Club, — Tibur or Praeneste, 8 f., 
 Cales, 27 f., Neapolis, 35, 41, 
 Romano- Campanian, 51, Teate, 
 59, Brundusium, 61, Taren- 
 tum, 71, 74, Metapontum, 91, 
 94, Bruttii, 121, Agrigentum, 
 157, Messana, 200, Mamertini, 
 202, Syracuse, 238 f., 243, 
 248 f., Archelaus I., 285, 
 Philip II., 288, 290, 293 fE., 
 Alexander the Great, 300, 305, 
 309, 319, Macedon under the 
 Romans, 360, Lysimachia, 387, 
 Lysimachus, 431 f., 434. 
 
 Cock, — Cales, 28, Himera, 187, 
 Selinus, 217, Alexander ^le 
 Great, 302, Abdera, 382. 
 
 Cornucopiae, — ^Cales, 27, Neapolis, 
 36, 40, 43, Teanum Sidieinum, 
 48, Romano - Campanian, 52, 
 Canusium, 55, Tarentum, 79 f., 
 83, Metapontum, 94, Thurium, 
 lOG, Bruttii, 120, 122 ff., 
 Locri, 137 f. , Rhegium, 143, 
 145, Alaesa, 166 f.. Thermae 
 Himerenses, 190, Mamertini, 
 201, Panormus, 211, Syracuse, 
 237, 241, 244, 253, Alexander 
 the Great, 302, 307, Rhoeme- 
 talces I., 437. 
 Crab, — Metapontum, 92, Bruttii, 
 121, 125, Croton, 128, Agri- 
 gentum, 162, Leontini, 194. 
 Crane, — Neapolis, 37, Caulonia, 
 126, Croton, 129 f., Camarina, 
 169. 
 Crayfish, — Tarentum, 66, Agi-igen- 
 tum, 159 f., Catana, 172 f., 
 Apollonia (Tlirace), 420. 
 Crescent, — Suessa Aurunca, 47, 
 Teate, 58 f., Brundusium, 62, 
 Graxa, 62, Tarentum, 79, 
 
 Bruttii, 123 f., Rhegium, 142, 
 145, Terina, 149, Syracuse, 
 251 ff., Amphipolis, 280, 
 Tragilus, 281, Piiilip.II., 291, 
 293, Alexander the Great, 302, 
 307, 320 f., 326, Philip V., 
 344, Bottiaia, 352, Lysimachus, 
 426, 430 f.; tcith s<«r,— Thes- 
 salonica, 368 ; hetioeen stars,— 
 Populonia, 17, Neapolis, 41. 
 
 Crescents, two, — Bruttii, 120. 
 
 Cuirass, — Rhegium, 144. 
 
 Cuttle-fish, — Poseidonia, 98, Croton, 
 128, Agi-igeutum, 158 f. 
 
 Dagger, — Cales, 27. 
 
 Deer, — Alexander the Great, 318. 
 
 Dioskouroi, caps of, — Thessali, 458. 
 
 Diota, — Neapolis, 38. 
 
 Dog, — Romano - Campanian, 52, 
 Metapontum, 91, Maroneia, 
 379. 
 
 Dolphin, — Neapolis, 39, Tarentum, 
 67, 70, 72, 79 f., Poseidonia, 
 98 f., Thurium, 105, 108 f., 
 Velia, 115, Bruttii, 120, Cau- 
 lonia, 127, Croton, 128, 133, 
 Vibo Valentia, 135, Rhegium, 
 142, Agrigentum, 161, Catana, 
 172, Messana, 197 ff., Syra- 
 cuse, 225 f., 228 f., 233 f., 
 237 f., 252, Philip II., 294, 
 Alexander the Great, 300, 304, 
 307, 317, 330. 
 
 Dolphins, two, — Thurium, 111, 
 Bruttii, 127, Messana, 197 ff., 
 Syracuse, 225 ff., 230, 232 f., 
 237 ; loitU tripod, — Thurium, 
 106. 
 
 Dove, — Metapontum, 91, Alexander 
 the Great, 307. 
 
 Eagle,— Tarentum, 72, 79, Bruttii, 
 121, Centuripae, 177, Syracuse, 
 234, Alexander the Great, 297, 
 Thessalonica, 371, Dacia, 405 f., 
 Lysimachus, 431. 
 
 Ear, human, — Alexander the Great, 
 305. 
 
 3 Si 
 
432 
 
 INDEX V. 
 
 Ear of Corn, — Neapolis, 34, 37, 
 Komauo-Campanian, 51, Arpi, 
 63, Tarentum, 75, Metapontum, 
 90, Paestum, 100, Velia, 115, 
 Bruttii, 122 ff., Croton, 133, 
 Alaesa, 1G6, Camarina, 171, 
 Centuripaj, 178, Gela, 182, 
 Syracuse, 229, 232, 236 ff., 
 241 f., 244, 251, Amphipolis, 
 276, Philip 11.. 291, Alexander 
 the Great, 297, 304 f.,Macedon, 
 339, Philip v., 344, Uncertain 
 of Macedon, 353, Pella, 363, 
 Aenus, 377, Panticapaeiim,423, 
 Lysimachus, 430 f., 434, Thes- 
 sali, 458. 
 
 Ears of corn, two, — Syracuse, 253 ; 
 three, — Segesta, 215. 
 
 Elephant, — Tai-entum, 74. 
 
 Female head, — Segesta, 214, Philip 
 II., 288, 291, Alexander the 
 Great, 308, Lysimachus, 482. 
 
 Female figure, holding torches. See 
 Artemis, and Hekate. 
 
 Figure, naked, holding fillet over 
 head, — Alexander the Great, 
 307. 
 
 Figure wearing long robe and extend- 
 ing r. hand, — Alexander the 
 Great, 307. 
 
 Fish, — Cumae, 30 f., Tarentum, 66, 
 Paestum, 100, Thurium, 104 f., 
 Agrigentum, 160, Catana, 172, 
 Selinus, 218, Alexander the 
 Great, 320. Sec also Dolphin, 
 Pistrix, Sturgeon, Tunny. 
 
 Floral ornament, — Croton, 129, 
 Gela, 183, Aegae, 267, Acan- 
 thus, 270. 
 
 Flower, — Perdiccas II., 284, Alexan- 
 der the Great, 319, Lysimachus, 
 431, 435. 
 
 Fly, —Neapolis,, 40, Brnttii, 121, 
 Lysimachus, 428. 
 
 Forceps, — Rhegium, 144. 
 
 Fork, agricultural, — Metapontum, 
 92 f., 95. 
 
 Frog, — Tarentum, 83. 
 
 Goat, foot of,— Philip III., 333. 
 
 Grapes, bunch of, — Neapolis, 34 ff., 
 Tarentum, 83, Velia, 114 ff., 
 Bruttii, 121, 123, 125, Nuceria, 
 139, Rhegium, 141, Agrigentum, 
 164, Tragilus, 281, Philip II., 
 293 f., Alexander the Great, 
 298, 315, 328, Philip II., 332, 
 Demetrius II., 342, Thracian 
 Chersonesus, 385, Lysimachus, 
 429, Gyrton,450, Thessali,457; 
 on vine-leaf, — Neapolis, 40. 
 
 Grasshopper, — Velia, 118, Himera, 
 189. 
 
 Griffin, — Metapontum, 92, Alexander 
 the Great, 308, 326. 
 
 Griffin, head and neck of, — Alexan- 
 der the Great, 297, 299, 317, 
 Lysimachus, 426, 429. 
 
 Hammer, — Bruttii, 123 f. 
 
 Hand,— Bruttii, 122 f. 
 
 Hare, — Tarentum, 84, Messana, 199. 
 
 Harpa, — Neapolis, 37 f ., Bruttii, 
 123 f. 
 
 Head, bearded, — Bisaltae, 268. 
 
 Hekate, with torches, — Thessali, 
 457. 
 
 Helios head of. — Panormus, 209, 
 Philip III., 332. 
 
 Helmet, — Neapolis, 37, Metapontum, 
 93, Rhegium, 142 ; crested, — 
 Alexander the Great, 303, 314; 
 Macedonian, — Cales, 28, Nea- 
 polis, 41, Bruttii, 121, Mamer- 
 tini, 201, Alexander the Great, 
 301 f., Antigonus Gonatas, 340 
 f . ; Phrygian, — Neapolis, 40, 
 Mamertini, 203 ; Corinthian, 
 without crest, — Agrigentum, 
 155, Entella, 180, Alexander 
 the Gi-eat, 297 ; Corinthian, 
 crested, — Tarentum, 75, Byzan- 
 tium, 397. 
 
 Herakles, head of,— Philip II., 292. 
 
 Hook,— Bruttii, 123. 
 
 Horn, — Paestum, 101, Alexander 
 the Great, 309. 
 
 Horse, head of, — Bruttii, 121. 
 
 Horses, foreparts of two, back to 
 back, — Alexander the Great, 
 297, Lysunachus, 429. 
 
 Human figure, squatting, — Taren- 
 tum, 83. 
 
 Janiform head, with modius, - — ■ 
 
 Philip II., 291. 
 Janus, head of, — Panormus, 210. 
 
 Kantharos, — Neapolis, 34 ff., 40, 
 Tarentum, 78, Syracuse, 248, 
 Philip II., 288 ff., 294, Alexan- 
 der the Great, 300, Aenus, 377, 
 Maroneia, 379. 
 
 Krater,— Bruttii, 121. 
 
 Kybele, head of, — Alexander the 
 Great, 308, Lysimachus, 432. 
 
 Lamp, — Syracuse, 231. 
 
 Leaf, Jig, — Agi-igentum, 159 ; ivy, 
 — Neapolis, 34, Thurium, 107, 
 Caulonia, 127, Croton, 131, 
 Rhegium, 142, Messana, 199, 
 Segesta, 215 f., Philip II., 291, 
 Alexander the Great, 319, 
 321, 331, Abdera, 383, Lamia, 
 451 ; laurel, — Metapontum, 93, 
 Catana, 172, Leontini, 193, 
 Messana, 197 f., Morgantina, 
 204 ; olive, — Thurium, 107 ; 
 selinon, — Selinus, 217 f. 
 
 Lion, — Tarentum, 80, Thurium, 110, 
 Leontini, 192, Syracuse, 221, 
 Alexander the Great, 321, 326, 
 Dacia, 405 f., Viminacium, 407 
 ff'. ; with star, — Alexander the 
 Great, 309. 
 
 Lion, forepart of, — Philip II., 293, 
 Alexander the Great, 321, 
 Lysimachus, 425 f., 428. 
 
 Lion, head of, — Metapontum, 91, 
 Thurium, 106, Agrigentum, 
 157, Catana, 173, Syracuse, 
 232, 235, Alexander the Great, 
 297,321,326, Lysimachus, 428, 
 Pherae, 455. 
 
 Lituiis and urceus, — Paestum, 102. 
 
INDEX V. 
 
 483 
 
 Lizard, — Eion, 26o. 
 
 Lyre, — Cales, 28, Teanum Sidici- 
 num, 48, Bruttii, 122, 124, 
 Vibo Valentia, 134, Rhegium, 
 143, Leontini, 193, Syracuse, 
 231, 247, Alexander the Great, 
 308, 319, Philip II., 333, Aenus, 
 377, Lysimacbus, 435. 
 
 Maeander pattern, — Alexander the 
 
 Great, 309, Lysimachns, 432. 
 Mantis, insect resembling, — Meta- 
 
 pontum, 91. 
 Male figure, with outstretched r. 
 
 hand, — Alexander the Great, 
 
 296. 
 MiiTor, — Alexander the Great, 304. 
 Moon, — Syracuse, 241. 
 Mouse, — Alexander the Great, 322, 
 
 331. 
 
 Naiutilus, — Cuniae, 30. 
 
 Nike, — Neapolis, 37, Brundusium, 
 ')! f., Tarentuni, 77, Heraclea, 
 86 f., Metapontum, 93, Posei- 
 donia, 99, Thuriura, 106, llOf., 
 Velia, 118, Croton, 132, Vibo 
 Valentia, 134 f., Philip II., 
 288, Alexander the Great, 301, 
 Perseus, 347. 
 
 Nike, two figures of, — Alexander 
 the Great, 307. 
 
 Nymph, head of, — Tarentura, 77. 
 
 Oinochoe, — Neapolis, 38, Canusium, 
 55, Metapontum, 91, Syracuse, 
 235 ; with vine - branch and 
 grapes, — Alexander the Great, 
 308. 
 
 Olive, sprig of, — Poseidonia, 98, 
 Thurium, 107, Croton, 131, 
 Rhegium, 141, Agyrium, 165, 
 Gela, 184, Messana, 197, Syra- 
 cuse, 234, Myrina, 386. 
 
 Omphalos, — Rhegium, 143 ; with 
 serpent, — Tauromenium, 255. 
 
 Owl, — Suessa Aurunca, 47, Taren- 
 tum, 75 f., 82, Heraclea 86 f., 
 Metapontum, 94, Thurium, 
 105 ft, Velia, 114, Bruttii, 121, 
 
 123, 125, Catana, 173, Mor- 
 gantina, 204, Syracuse. 243 f., 
 Tauromenium, 256, Thessali, 
 457. 
 
 Pallas Promachos, — Tarentum, 68, 
 Alexander the Great, 307. 
 
 Palm-branch, — Neapolis, 42, Paes- 
 tum, 100, Locri, 138, Thes- 
 salonica, 367, Thessali, 457, 
 Peparethus, 460. 
 
 Palm-tree, — Alexander the Great, 
 313. 
 
 Panoply, — Syracuse, 227 f. 
 
 Parazonium, — Jfamertini, 203. 
 
 Pedum, — Demetrius II., 342 ; vhject 
 resenihling, — Capua, 29. 
 
 Pegasos, — Alexander the Great, 310. 
 
 Pegasos, forepart of, — Philip) II., 
 290, Alexander the Great, 300, 
 321 f., Lysimachus, 426. 
 
 Pelta, — Tarentum, 81. 
 
 Pentagram, — Neapolis, 37, Teanum 
 Sidicinum, 48, Velia, 116, 
 Nuceria, 139, Mamertini, 202, 
 Alexander the Great, 297, 321, 
 Lysimachus, 426, 428. 
 
 Pilos, — Tarentum, 83, Paestum, 101, 
 Thurium, 104, Vibo Valentia, 
 134, Syracuse, 231, Antigonus 
 Gonatas, 342. See also Dios- 
 kouroi. 
 
 Pistrix, — Tarentum, 84, Agrigen- 
 tum, 1.58, Syracuse, 222. 
 
 Plant, — Hyria, 31, Segesta, 216, 
 Scione, 272. 
 
 Plough, — Metapontum, 92, 94, 
 Bruttii, 123 11' , Leontini, 193 f., 
 Alexander the Great, 312, Per- 
 seus, 346, Pel la, 363, Thracian 
 Chersonesus, 385. 
 
 Pomegranate, — Alexander the Great, 
 298, Philip III., 333. 
 
 Poppy-head, — Syracuse, 237, 244, 
 247 ft"., Alexander the Gres«t, 
 316. 
 
 Prow, — Alexander the Great, 326. 
 
 Quiver, — Neapolis. 36, 38. 
 
 Ram for sacrifice, — Syracuse, 229. 
 
 Ram, forepart of, — Alexander the 
 Great, 313. 
 
 Ram, head of, — Alexander the Great, 
 320. 
 
 Reaping - hook, — Uncertain Aes 
 Grave, 10, Romano-Campaniau, 
 51. 
 
 Rhyton, — Tarentum, 80, Bruttii, 
 120. 
 
 Rose, — Agi'igentum, 156 f., Alexan- 
 der the Great, 310, 319. 
 
 Rudder, — Alexander the Great, 305. 
 
 Satyr. phiyiiKj pipe, — Metapontum, 
 93 ; holding pedn.iii, — Lysima- 
 chus, 434. 
 
 Sceptre, — Romano - Campanian, 52, 
 Bruttii, 124, Pauormus, 211, 
 Amphipolis, 278. 
 
 Scorpion, — Alexander the Great, 
 313. 
 
 Sea-horse, — Tarentum, 84, Thuiium, 
 108, Agrigentum, 159 f. 
 
 Seileuos, head of, — Tarentum, 78. 
 
 Serpent, — Neapolis, 41, Phistelia, 
 46, Velia, 119, Thurium, 106, 
 IIO, Bruttii, 121, Catana, 175, 
 Messana, 200, Mamertini, 201, 
 Morgantina, 204, Syracuse, 247, 
 Philip II., 288, 291, Alexander 
 the Great, 297 f., 322, Philip 
 III., 332 f., Macedon, 359, 
 Thessalonica, 367. 
 
 Shell, cockle, — Tarentum, 61 ff., 
 72, 82, Heraclea, 86 ; conch, — 
 Agrigentum, 158 f. ; murex, — 
 Capua, 29, Tarentum, 72, Meta- 
 pontum, 90, Vibo Valentia, 135, 
 Agrigentum, 156 ; viassel, — 
 Alliba, 26 ; sc<dlop, — Agri- 
 gentum, 159, Messana, 199, 
 Syracuse, 227, 234, 237 ; pecten, 
 — Abdera, 383. Cf. Macedon, 
 339. 
 
 Shield, iJoeo^/rtH,— Philip II., 291 ; 
 oval, — Cales, 28 ; round, — 
 Neapolis, 38. 
 
 Silphium V — Cales, 27. 
 
 3 Q 2 
 
48-1 
 
 INDEX V. 
 
 Skylla, pni'suing fish, — Sjracnse, 
 225. 
 
 Snail ?— Bmttii, 121. 
 
 Spear -head, — Cales, 28, Ai'pi, 
 53, Lucani, 85, Rhegium, 146, 
 Mamertini, 201 f., Philip II., 
 288, 290, 294, Alexander the 
 Great, 320, Lysimachus, 435. 
 
 Sphinx, — Alexander the Great, 317; 
 seated on ampJiora, — Alexander 
 the Great, 309 f . 
 
 Spiral ornament, — Maroneia, 379. 
 
 Staff, ending in boar's head, — Vibo 
 Valentia, 134 f. 
 
 Stag, — Caulonia, 126 ff. 
 
 Star, — Luceria, 14, Cales, 28, 
 Neapolis, 40 ff., Phistelia, 46, 
 Romano-Campanian, 50, Arpi, 
 53, Salapia, 58, Teate, 59, 
 Brandusium, 61, Tarentum, 
 67, 74, Metapontum, 92, 95, 
 Thurium, 109, Bruttii, 120 ff., 
 Vibo Valentia, 134 f., Locri, 
 138, Petelia, 139, Terina, 
 148 f., Uncertain of Italy, 
 152, Agrigentum, 161, 164, 
 Alaesa, 165, Camarina, 169, 
 Mamertini, 202, Syracuse, 231 
 ff., 237 ff., 241 ff., 252, Philip 
 II., 288, 290, 295, Alexander 
 the Great, 296, 299 ff., 316 f., 
 320, 327 f., Philip III., 332, 
 Cassander, 334 f., Demetrius 
 Poliorcetes, 337 f., Antigonus 
 Gonatas, 341, Philip V., 343 f., 
 Per.seus, 346 f., Edonis, 350, 
 Macedon under the Romans, 
 358f.,Thessalonica, 370, Cardia, 
 386, Lysimachus,431; in tcreath, 
 — Neapolis, 40 ; above conical 
 stone, — Alexander the Great, 
 305. 
 
 Stars, two, — Ancona, 20, Tarentum, 
 75, Locri, 138. 
 
 Strigil,— Rhegium, 142. 
 
 Sturgeon, — Panticapaeum, 423. 
 
 Swan, — Camarina, 169. 
 
 Swastica ornament, — Eryx, 181, 
 
 Motya, 205, Philip II., 293. 
 Sword,— Cales, 28, Bruttii, 123 f. 
 
 Term, — Tarentum, 77 f., Meta- 
 pontum, 94 f., Croton, 132, 
 Naxus, 207, Lysimachus, 428, 
 430, 434, ScQstocos, 436. 
 
 Thunderbolt, — Cales, 28, Neapolis, 
 40, Teauum Sidicinum, 48, 
 Arpi, 53, Caelia, 54, Salapia, 
 58, Teate, 58, Tarentum, 74, 
 80, 82, Heraclea, 87, Poseidonia, 
 99, Bruttii, 120 ff., Locri, 138, 
 Rhegium, 145, Alaesa, 166, 
 Entella, 180, Syracuse, 235, 
 242 f., 247, 251, Amphipolis, 
 276, Philip II., 287, 290, 292 ff., 
 Alexander the Great, 296 f., 
 318, 327, 330, Philip V., 343, 
 Macedonian Confederations, 
 354, Macedonunder theRomans, 
 360, Thessalonica, 367, Thasos, 
 390, Lysimachus, 432. 
 
 Thymiaterion, — Tarentum, 77, 
 Bruttii, 121. 
 
 Thyrsos, — Neapolis, 37, Thurium, 
 106, 109, 111, Velia, 116, Syra- 
 cuse, 246, Philip II., 293 ; on 
 cross-pieces of torch, — Syra- 
 cuse, 235. 
 
 Tintinnabulum, — Neapolis, 37. 
 
 Toad,— Alexander I., 283. 
 
 Tongs, — Metapontum, 92. 
 
 Torch, long, — Bruttii, 122, Hippo- 
 nium, 133, Locri, 138, Syra- 
 cuse, 237, 241 f., 246, Lysima- 
 chus, 426 ; racing, — Neapolis, 
 37, 43, Tarentum, 81, Meta- 
 pontum, 95, Thurium, 110, 
 Bruttii, 121, 123, 125, Messana, 
 201, Syracuse, 235, 239, 247, 
 Philippi, 281, Philip II., 290, 
 Alexander the Great, 299 f., 
 318 f., 330 f., Cassander, 335, 
 Lysimachus, 432 f . ; with cross- 
 pieccs, — Heraclea, 88, Meta- 
 pontum, 94. 
 
 Trident, — Neapolis, 37 f., 40 f., 
 Salapia, 58, Velia, 116, Uncer- 
 tain of Italy, 151, Syracuse, 237, 
 239, 243, Philip II., 287 ff., 
 291, 294, Alexander the Great, 
 296 f., 309, 316, 327, 329, 
 
 331, Macedon, 339, Antigonus 
 Gonatas, 340, Demetrius II., 
 342, Philip v., 343, Edonis, 
 350, Lysimachus, 426 f., 429 f., 
 434, Crannon, 449. 
 
 Tripod, — Neapolis, 37, Tarentum, 
 77, 80, 83, Metapontum, 95, 
 Bruttii, 122, Croton, 131, Rhe- 
 gium, 144, Alaesa, 166, Leon- 
 tini, 192 f., Syracuse, 239, 
 Alexander the Great, 310, 
 Thracian Cliersonesus, 385, 
 Thessali, 457 f. ; loith halls, — ■ 
 Thessalonica, 375 ; between 
 dolphins, — Thurium, 106. Cf. 
 Capua, 30. 
 
 Triquetra of legs, — Metapontum, 91 , 
 Velia, 117, Terina, 149, Panor- 
 mus, 212, Syracuse, 236, 238, 
 242. 
 
 Triton, blowing on conch, — Agi'i- 
 gentum, 159. 
 
 Trophy, — Syraciise, 242 ; on pole, — - 
 Lysimachus, 430. 
 
 Tunny- fish, — Thurium, 103 ff., 
 107 ff., Agrigentum, 158. 
 
 Tunny-fishes, two, — Thui'ium,105 f ., 
 Agrigentum, 160. 
 
 Urn, agonistic, — Thessalonica, 375. 
 
 Urns, agonistic, two, — Macedon 
 
 under the Romans, 359 f., 401. 
 
 Vase, — Neapo]is,38 ; icith one handle, 
 — Heraclea, 86 f., Vibo Valentia, 
 135, Alexander the Great, 329, 
 Lamia, 451. 
 
 Vine-branch, with leaves and grapes, 
 — ^Neapolis, 42, Thasos, 390. 
 
 WaiTior, — Alexander the Great, 
 323. 
 
 Water-snake,^ — Poseidonia, 96. 
 
 Wheel, — Segesta, 214, Syracuse, 
 226, 228, Alexander the Great, 
 296, Philip III., 331 f. 
 
 Wolf, head of, — Lucani, 85. 
 
INDEX VI., VII. 
 
 485 
 
 Wreath,— Teate, 59, Bruttii, 122, 
 Gela, 182, Syracuse, 231, 2U, 
 246, Philip II., 291, Alexander 
 the Great, 304, SIC, 326, Anti- 
 gonus, 336, Aenus, 377 ; con- 
 
 taming mono<jram, — Alexander 
 the Great, 298, 305 f., Lysi- 
 machus, 425, 430 ; containing 
 letter, — Alexander the Great, 
 321, 326. 
 
 Young male head, — - Agrigentum, 
 156 ; icith horns, — Messana, 
 198. 
 
 INDEX VI. 
 
 COUNTERMARKS 
 
 Anchor, — Alexander the Great, 
 
 310 f. 
 Barleycorn,— Syracuse, 233. 
 Bird,— Solus, 219. 
 Bucranium, — Gela, 185. 
 Crescent and cii-cle, — - Amphipolis, 
 
 278. 
 Dolphin, — Byzantium, 394. 
 Female head, — Syracuse, 233. 
 Gi'apes, — Byzantium, 394. 
 Helios (?), head of,— Philip V., 344. 
 
 Helmet, — Byzantium, 394. 
 Herakles, head of,— Philip II., 292, 
 
 Antigonus, 341. 
 Hermes (?), head of, — Tomis, 416. 
 Leaf, selinon, — Himera, 188. 
 Lion, head of, — Syracuse, 233, 
 
 Alexander the Great, 331. 
 Thyrsos, with cross-pieces of torch, 
 
 — Peparethus, 460. 
 Uncertain, — Thessalouica, 369, 
 
 371, Thessali, 457. 
 
 Value- mark, — Segesta, 216, Syi-a- 
 
 cuse, 233. 
 Wheel, — Syracuse, 233. 
 A/G, — Cassandrea, 273. 
 0€C,— Thessalonica, 371. 
 N< , — Thessalonica, 369. 
 O TK I ,— Syracuse, 233. 
 t^ ,— Aenus, 378. 
 P, — Alexander the Great, 328. 
 
 INDEX VII. 
 
 MAGISTRATES' NAMES ON AUTONOMOUS COINS 
 
 This Index includes the names of magistrates and officers of the mint whose signatures ajjpcar in Greelc letters 
 
 on any coins other than Imperial. Many of the issues with regal types were practically autonomous. Some 
 
 of the shorter combinations of letters may be merely mint-marks. 
 
 \- A , Heraclea, 87 
 
 ATA , Tarentum, 73 
 
 A0A , Heraclea, 87, Metapontum, 
 
 92 
 A I , Lysimachus, 427 
 
 AISflN, Lysimachus, 434 
 
 A I N HTflP, Alexander the Great, 
 
 310 
 AKHP, Samothrace, 389 
 AA ) Heraclea, 86 
 
 AAE, Heraclea, 87 
 AAEZ, Tarentum, 74 
 AAEZAN, Thessali, 456 
 AAEZANAPOZ, Thessali, 457 
 AAA , Thurium, 110 
 
486 
 
 INDEX VII. 
 
 AMI, Mefapontum, 91 
 
 AN , Tarentum, 78 
 
 A NO, Tareutum, 75, Maroneia, 
 
 380 
 ANTI<t>r2N, Alexander the Great, 
 
 309 
 APOA, Tarentum, 76 
 AroAAH, Tarentum, 75 
 APOAAIlNlOg, Tarentum, 77 
 AnoACJ, Tomis, 416 
 APEOnN, Tarentum, 73 
 API, Tarentum, 72, 76 
 APIS, Tarentum, 75, Heraclea, 86 
 APISTir, Tarentum, 74 
 APICTirr, Taventum, 78 
 APISTIS, Tarentum, 76 
 APISTOKAHS, Tarentum, 77 
 APISTOKPATHS, Tarentum, 
 
 77 f. 
 APTE, Neapolis, 35 
 APT EM I, Neapolis, 35 
 APTEMriN, Abdera, 383 
 A PX I r , Metapontum, 92 
 AS, Neapolis, 41 f. 
 ACKAAFIOC, Agrigentum, 164 
 ASP A, Abdera, 383 
 AZnniOY, Byzantium, 394 
 
 B I , Neapolis, 43 
 
 BY , Alexander the Great, 303 
 
 TAYANA, Thessali, 457 
 TEITAZ , Alexander the Great, 308 
 rOP, Hyria (Calabria), 63 
 rOPriAZ, Thessali, 456 
 FY, Tarentum, 74. 
 
 AA, Metapontum, 92, Thurium, 
 110 f., Alexander the Great, 
 303 
 
 AAI, Tarentum, 72, Metapontum, 
 
 92 
 AAIMAXOC, Tarentum, 78 
 AAMOKPITOS, Tarentum, 77 
 AAIOY, Arpi, 53 
 AEI, Alexander the Great, 303 
 AEO, Abdera, 382. 
 AH, Neapolis, 42 f. 
 A H M l-l T P I OY , Cherronesus, 
 
 422 
 Al, Neapolis, 34, 36, Tarentum, 
 
 76, 77, Metapontum, 93, Lysi- 
 
 machus, 427 
 AlO, Tarentum, 76, Lysimaehus, 
 
 427 
 AIONYSAAOS, Abdera, 384 
 AlOZKOYP, Byzantium, 394 
 A I O (t> A N H Z , Alexander the 
 
 Great, 310 
 Al0<l)AN0YS, Neapolis, 34 
 
 EK, Neapolis, 40 
 EP I , Neapolis, 38 
 En I , Neapolis, 42 
 EPMnNAKTOS, Abdera, 384 
 EY, Neapolis, 37, Tarentum, 73 ff., 
 
 Heraclea, 87, Thurium, 111 
 EYBIOTOY, Thessali, 458 
 EYO, Thurium, 105 
 EYOY, Thurium, 108 
 EVKOAOZ, Thes.sali, 457 
 EYN, Tarentum, 77 
 EY3:, Neapolis, 36, 38 
 EYPHSirroY, Abdera, 384 
 EYPYAAMOY, C herronesus, 
 
 422 
 EY<l>A, Thurium, 106, 109 
 EY<t>P, Thurium, 106 
 EXE(l)NIK0Z, Alexander the 
 
 Great, 308 
 
 CAZ, Tarentum, 73 
 
 lAAO, Tarentum, 75 
 10 P, Tarentum, 73 f. 
 in, Tarentum, 75 
 ini, Thurium, 111 
 miAOY, Perseus, 346 
 IXIPY, Tarentum, 75 
 inPYPinN, Tarentnm, 78 
 mPYPoS, Tarentum, 77 
 
 |- H , Tarentum, 67, Heraclea, 87 
 
 J- H P, Tarentum, 71, Metapon- 
 tum, 90 
 
 HPA, Thurium, 106, 109, Alexan- 
 der the Great, 303. 
 
 HPAK, Thurium, 106, Byzantium, 
 394 
 
 hHPAKAHTOS, Tarentum, 
 77 f. 
 
 HPO, Abdera, 383 
 
 0E, Neapolis, 36, 39, Tarentum, 
 
 74, Thurium, 109 
 OEM, Lysimaehus, 427 
 OEMIZTor, Thessali, 456 
 OEMIZTorENNHZ, Thessali, 
 
 457 
 Ol, Tarentum, 75 
 
 \~ I , Tarentum, 75 
 I E , Neapolis, 42 
 innoAO, Thessali, 458 
 ITAA[, Thessali, 458 
 
 KAISIE[S], Uncertain of Italy, 152 
 KAA, Thurium, 110 
 KAAAIKPATEOS, Maroneia, 
 
 379 
 KA, Tarentum, 72 
 
INDEX VII. 
 
 487 
 
 KAEOMAXIAHZ, Thessali, 457 
 KOM, Tarentum, 73 
 KPATflN, Alexander the Great, 
 
 310 
 KPI, Metapontum, 93 
 KYPZA, Odessus, 418 
 
 AAZIO, Catana, 175 
 
 AEY, Locri, 138 
 
 AOY, Neapolis, 37 
 
 AY, Neapolis, 42 f., Tarentum, 73, 
 
 Metapontum, 92 f. 
 AYKINOS, Tarentum, 76 
 AYKI$KO§, Tarentum, 73 
 AYKHN, Tarentum, 74 
 
 M A , Alexander the Great, 303 
 MAN, Metapontum, 92 
 M EN E K , Byzantium, 394 
 MENEKPATHZ, Alexander 
 
 the Great, 310, Thessali, 456 
 MENEKPATOVZ; Thessali, 457 
 MHT, Maroneia, 380 
 MHTPoAnPO; Maroneia, 380 
 MOAO$$0$, Thurlum, 108 
 
 NEYAAH, Tarentum, 75 
 NEYMHNIO$, Tarentum, 76 
 Nl, Thurium, 110 
 NIKOKPATH^, Tarentum, 78 
 NIKOKPATOYZ, Thessali, 457 
 N OY/n H N I OY , Maroneia, 380 
 NY, Neapolis, 43 
 
 NYZZANAPOY, Thessali, 458 
 ZENinnoV, Thessali, 458 
 
 OMHPOY, Abdera, 384 
 OYIA, Neapolis, 39 
 OY Y$, Laus, 88 
 
 PAPME, Neapolis, 36 
 PAY^ANia, Abdera, 384 
 HETPAIOZ, Thessali, 457 f. 
 POAY, Tarentum, 74 f. 
 noAY, Thessali, 457 
 noAVZENOV, Thessali, 457 
 n PO , Alexander the Great, 303 
 HYeinN , Lilybaeum, 195 
 TYeoKAEO^, Abdera, 384 
 nVQUNoZ, Thessali, 457 f. 
 HYAAO, Arpi, 53 
 riYAAOY, Salapia, 58 
 
 PO , Neapolis, 43 
 
 $A, Tarentum, 67, 72 f. 
 §AM, Thurium, 110 
 ZEIPIINOZ, Samothrace, 388 
 $1, Tarentum, 72, 74, Thurium, 
 
 106, 110 
 $ I AAA/0 S, Agi-igentum, 157 
 $IM, Tarentum, 71 f., Thurium, 
 
 105, 110 
 ZK[Y0?], Tomis, 416 
 ST A, Neapolis, 35 
 5Y, Tarentum, 76 
 
 C<t)OAPIA, Byzantium, 393 
 Sn, Tarentum, 76, 78, Thurium, 
 
 108 
 $nr, Thurium, 105, 108 f. 
 SXIKANNAS, Tarentum, 79 
 SnS, Tarentum, 76 
 SnSTPATOS, Tarentum, 74 
 
 T_ _, Thurium, 106 
 TAP, Neapolis, 38 
 TEAE, Abdera, 383 
 TIMA, Thessali, 458 
 
 <I>EPEKPATHZ, Thessali, 456 
 <t)|, Neapolis, 39,42, Tarentum, 72, 
 
 77, 79, 82, 84, Metapontum, 
 
 91, 93 
 01 A, Callatia, 409 
 <t'IAIAPXO§, Tarentum, 73 
 <t)IAinnoY, Thessali. 457 
 <1>IAIS, Tarentum, 72 
 <l>IAICKOC, Tarentum, 77 
 <|)|AO, Heraclea, 87 
 <1>IA0KAHS, Tarentum, 73 
 <t>IAOKPA, Tarentum, 76 
 <l>[AOHENIAOY, Thessali, 457 
 <t>IAn, Heraclea, 87 
 <P\A£IN, Tarentum, 73 
 
 XA , Neapolis, 36 
 X A I , Neapolis, 41 
 XAPI, Neapolis, 36 
 XAPIAE, Neapolis, 36. 
 
488 
 
 INDEX VIII., IX. 
 
 INDEX YIII. 
 
 MAGISTRATES' NAMES ON IMPERIAL COINS 
 
 AinONTIKOV, Byzantium, 395 ff. 
 TITAIAKAniTnA€INOV, Byzantium, 396 
 AIAIC6VHPOV, Byzantium, 396 
 AIAI<I>HCTHC, Byzantium, 397 
 AIMICEVI-POV, Byzantium, 397 
 [AVPjrAAAOV, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 
 MAVP<|>PONTnNOC, Byzantium, 397 
 
 TAPriAIANTIKOV, Philippopolis, 443 
 
 CN . DOM, Panormus, 212 
 
 lOVAANTCEAEVKOV, Marcianopolis, 412 
 TIBIOVA<l>HCTOV, Marcianopolis, 412 
 ICAVPIKOV, Byzantium, 397 
 
 KAIKCEPOYEIA, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413 
 
 KFENTIANOV, Marcianopolis, 411 
 KVNTIAIANOV, Marcianopolis, 411 f. 
 
 A • LA, Panormus, 212 
 AYKOYTOY, Thessali, 459 
 
 N I KO M AXO Y , Thessali, 459 
 
 ^MTEPEBENTINOV, Marcianopolis, 412 
 
 CAB MOA€CTOV, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 415 f. 
 CTAAONTINOV, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 f. 
 ETATBAPBAPOV, Bizya, 438 
 
 Q -TERENTIOCVLLEONE, Lilybaeum, 195 
 TEPTVAAIANOV, Marcianopolis, 413 
 TOVAAIOVMAIIMOV, Pautalia, 442 
 
 <l>IP<|)IAOTTATTTTOV, Marcianopolis, 412 
 <|)AOVATnANOV, Marcianopolis, 411 
 
 INDEX IX. 
 
 ROMAN MAGISTRATES' NAMES 
 
 A ES I LLAS , Macedonia a Roman 
 
 Province, 355 
 M "ANT, Thessalonica, 370 
 L • ARTVE, Pae.stum, 102 
 M • ATIVS BALBVS, Sar- 
 dinia, 262 
 
 ATPATINO, Entella, 180, Lily- 
 baeum, 195 
 
 CATO, Panormu's, 211 
 
 Q • CEP, Uncertain of Italy, 151 
 
 A\ -CESTIVS, Enna, 180 
 
 C • COM I, Paestum, 102 
 CN • COR, Paestum, 102 
 
 QFAB, Panormus, 211 
 L • FA)> Paestum, 101 
 
 r • KAI, Thessalonica, 370 
 
INDEX X., XL 
 
 489 
 
 L • MVNATIVS, Enna, 180 
 
 NASO, Panorinns, 211 
 
 Orri , Romans in Sicily, 258 
 
 A • noM, Panormus, 211 
 TAIOY noHAIAlOY, Mace- 
 
 donia a Roman Province, 
 355 f. 
 
 M ■ QE?, Brnndusium, 62 
 
 L • SEIO, Romans in Sicily, 258 
 SEPTEIBA/B, Romans in 
 Sicily, 258 
 
 M • TVC, Paestum, 102 
 
 QV\ , Paestum, 100 f. 
 AEYKIOY <I>0AKINNI0Y, 
 
 Macedonia a Roman Province, 
 356 
 
 INDEX X. 
 
 ENGRAVERS' NAMES 
 
 Some of the names included in Index VII. maij potisihhj he fhofic of Emjrarers, while <|>, in some cases 
 
 at, least, maij he no more than a niint-marlc. 
 
 r, Hyria, 32 f. 
 
 EYAI, Camarina, 170 
 EYAINETO, Syraciise, 227 
 EYO, Syracuse, 225 
 EYKAEIAA, Syracuse, 228 
 EVM , Syracuse, 225 
 
 EVMEA/OV, Syracuse, 225 
 EYMHNOY, Syracuse, 224f., 228 
 
 HPAKAEIAAS, Catana, 172 
 
 KIMHN, Syracuse, 228 
 KAEYAIiPOY, Velia, 117 
 
 PAPME, Syracuse, 229 
 
 <|), Thurium, 105, Velia, 113 ff., 
 
 Terina, 147 
 4!lAI5TinNO$, Velia, 118 
 
 XOIPIflN, Catana, 172 
 
 INDEX XI. 
 
 REMARKABLE INSCRIPTIONS, TITLES OF CITIES, AND OF 
 
 MAGISTRATES, Etc. 
 
 (a) GREEK 
 
 One or two of the shorter combinations of letters may represent magistrates^ names. 
 
 ATAOOKAElO^ vLK-q, Syracuse, 
 
 238 
 
 ArriNOOEZIA, Thessalonica, 
 370 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 AAPANOY, Mamertini, 200 
 Al, Pelinna, 454 
 
 3 R 
 
490 
 
 Al$, Thermae Himerenses, 190 
 AKPATAS, Agrigentum, 162 
 AKTIAnVeiA, Perinthus, 401 
 AAEIANAPOV, Macedominder 
 
 the Romans, 357 £E. 
 AAEZANAPnveiA, Philip- 
 
 popolis, 444 
 AMEA/(/V)AA/0$, Catana, 
 
 172 f. 
 ANTnN€INIA, Byzantium, 396 
 AOPTON ■ ? , Uncertain of Cam- 
 pania, 49 
 AroAAHN, Catana, 172 
 AnoAAf2NO$, Tauromenium , 
 255, Apollonia (Macedon), 270 
 APr, Alexander the Great, 309 
 APEOZ, Mamertini, 201 f. 
 APXAF ETAS, Tauromenium, 254 
 APXwvi^aos, Alaesa, 166 f. 
 ASSIA/OS, Naxus, 207 
 AYToKpttTcup, Thessalonica, 370 
 AXIAA€YC, Thessaly, 459 
 
 BACiXeW, ETTI, Byzantium, 397 
 BVZAZ, Byzantium, 395 
 
 rP • EEOE, Rubi, 57 
 
 AAMAT^P, Enna, 179 
 AHMHTPOC TO B, €ni, 
 
 Byzantium, 395 
 AIONYXOY ZHTHPoZ, 
 
 Maroneia, 381 
 AlO§, Locri, 137, Mamertini, 
 
 201 
 AIOZ EAEY0EPIOY, Syracuse, 
 
 240 
 
 INDEX XI. 
 
 AlOS EAAANIOY, Syracuse, 
 
 242 f. 
 AIOZ SnTHPOZ, Agrigentum, 
 
 164 
 AnAN ? ? , Metapontum, 93 
 
 EAKAIA, Thessalonica, 366 
 OnH3, Uncertain of Italy, 150 
 EAEYOEPIAZ, Thessalonica, 
 
 370 
 EAEYOEPIO$, Metapontum, 91 
 EAI , Alexander the Great, 323 
 E N no N TH , Apollonia (Thrace) , 
 
 421 
 EO Y M E N T H I , Uncertain of 
 
 Italy, 152 
 EP I , Maroneia, 379 f., Abdera, 
 
 384, Byzantium, 393 ff. 
 
 CEXex"'* Velecha, 13 
 
 ZEY$ EAEYOEP 10$, Syracuse, 
 
 232, 234 f., 238 
 
 Hre/xovevovTos, Marcianopolis, 412, 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413, 
 Pautalia, 442, Philippopolis, 
 443 
 
 HPAKAEOYZ ZflTHPOZ, 
 Thasos, 391 
 
 hPwos, Byzantium, 395 f. 
 
 G€OZ, Thessalonica, 369 
 OEOY MEfAAoY, Odessu8,418 
 
 IZ, Neapolis, 37, 39, 41 
 I WsW^J > Perinthus, 403 
 
 KAB(€)IPOC, Thessalonica, 368, 
 
 373 
 KABIPEIA, Thessalonica, 374 
 KAINON, Alaesa, 165 
 KAMTANnN , Entella, 180 
 KENAPEICEIA, Philippopolis, 
 
 445 
 KOINONGPAKHNAAEZA 
 
 NAPIA, Philippopolis, 444 
 KOINONGPAKHNAAEZAN 
 
 A p n V e I A , Philippopolis, 
 
 444 
 KOINONMAKEAONUN, 
 
 Macedon under the Romans, 
 
 357 fE. 
 KOPA5, Syracuse, 238 
 KTILTHN, TON, Perinthus, 
 
 400 
 KTICTHC TOMOC, Tomis, 
 
 416 
 
 AEY, Amestratus, 168 
 AEYKA$ri5, Syracuse, 225, 
 
 229 
 AEYKirroS, Metapontum, 91 
 
 MESS AN A, Messana, 198 
 MHTPO^o'Aews nONTOV, 
 
 Tomis, 417 f. 
 
 • 
 
 NEIlKOPflN, Macedon under 
 the Romans, 357 ff., Thes- 
 salonica, 374 f., Perinthus, 
 400 ff., Philippopolis, 445 
 
 NEHKOPIIN, B(AIC), Mace- 
 don under the Romans, 357 ff., 
 Perinthus, 400, 402 ff. 
 
 * Probably Oscan. See Conway, Italic Dialects, pp. 147 f. 
 
 I 
 
INDEX XT. 
 
 491 
 
 NIKA, Metapontum, 94, Bi-uttii, 
 124 
 
 OBOAOS, Metapontum, 94 
 OTKIa, Syracuse, 233 
 OiKlSTAS, Croton, 133 
 OMONOIA, Byzantium and 
 
 Nicaea, 398 f., Thessali, 459 
 OV ATT I AC, Ancbialus, 419, 
 
 Pautalia, 442 f., Serdica, 446 f., 
 
 Topirus, 447 
 
 PEAnPIAS, Messana, 199 f. 
 ni§TI$, Locri, 137 
 PO^EIAAN, Messana, 199 f. 
 nV0IA, Thessalonica, 374 f., 
 
 Perm thus, 401, Philippopolis, 
 
 444 
 nVeiAAlB, Thessalonica, 375 
 
 PUMatW, Thessali, 459 
 PUMA, Locri, 137 
 PXlMAinN , Neapolis, 43 
 PriMH ZEBAZZTH, Thes- 
 salonica, 371 
 
 $ArESTAIIB, Segesta, 212 f. 
 lflA^A$, Tauromenium, 254 
 CEBACTA, Byzantium, 396 
 ZEBAZTHUN GESZAAnN, 
 
 Thessali, 459 
 SEfESTAIIB, Segesta, 213 f. 
 $ErESTAIIE, Segesta, 215 
 $EAINOES, Selinus, 218 
 SEAIA/OS, Selinus, 217 
 q3TO§, Himera, 188 
 ZTPATHrOY, Thessali, 459 
 ZYPAKOZIOI rEAHNOZ, 
 
 Syracuse, 245 
 
 SHTEIPA, Syracuse, 231, 239 f. 
 
 TAMIOY, Macedonia a Roman 
 Province, 355 f. 
 
 TOMOC KTICTHC, Tomis, 
 
 416 
 TPIUBOAO, Samothrace, 388 
 TVXHC nOA€CJC, GHI, 
 
 Byzantium, 396 
 
 W r\ a-TtvovTO?, Marcianopolis, 411 fl;., 
 
 Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 ff. 
 YPIANO^, Hyria, 32 
 HVPIETE^,* Hyria, 31 
 HVVA$, Selinus, 217 
 
 <t>EPAIMnN, Messana, 199 
 <|)IAAAEA4>EIA, Perinthus, 402 
 
 XAAKIAEHN, Olynthus, 272 
 
 (j8) LATIN 
 
 AELianum M(0)VNICIP, Coela, 386 
 /X 1 5 ER N I N O , Aesernia, 22 
 Al PERNIO, Aesernia, 22 
 AQVINO, Aquinum, 21 
 
 CALENO, Gales, 27 f. 
 COHOR PRAE PHIL, Phihppi, 282 
 COLAVGIVL, Philippi, 282 
 COLFLarm PACensis, Deultum, 438 fP. 
 COLIVLAVG , Cassaudrea, 273 f., Pella, 364 f. 
 COLONIAIVL, Dium, 361 
 COLP/\Ccnsis, Deultum, 440 
 ComitioC?) Decurionum(2), Panormus, 211 
 CRYSAS, Assorus, 168 
 
 Decreto(7), Macedon under the Romans, 356 
 Decreto • Decurionuin, Romans in Sicily, 258, Dium, 
 
 361 
 DE • Ml • TOL, Uncertain of Italy, 151 
 II VI(R), Paestum, 102, Enna, 180, Romans in 
 
 Sicily, 258 
 
 HISPANORVM, Romans in Sicily, 258 
 
 ITALIA, Social War, 24 
 
 UADINOD ( = L(ir!nor[um']), Larinum, 25 
 LEX XXXX, Paestum, 102 
 
 * This is undoubtedly the true reading. The aljjhabet employed is pure Greek, and not a mixture of Greek and Oscan, as 
 was formerly supposed. 
 
 3 K 2 
 
492 
 
 INDEX XI. 
 
 MVNICI, Stobi, 365 
 
 AWN • HENNA, Enna, 180 
 
 PAI^TANO, Paestum, 99 
 
 PATR onus, Paestum, 102 
 
 PR actor, Sardinia, 262 
 
 HRBOVM, Suessa Aurunca.. 47 
 
 PROBVM, Suessa Aurunca, 47 
 
 PRO " COS , Lilybaeum, 195, Romans in Sicily, 
 
 258 
 PROVINCIA, Dacia, 405f. 
 Provinciae Moesiae Superioris COL, Viminacium, 
 
 406 fE. 
 
 Quaestor, Macedonia a Roman Province, 355 
 QVI, Paestum, 102 
 
 ROMA, Romano- Campanian, 49 ff., Romano- 
 
 Luceriau, 56 
 ROMANO, Romano-Campanian, 50 fE. 
 
 SARD PATER, Sardinia, 262 
 ^VE^ANOj Suessa Aurunca, 47 
 
 TIANO, Teanum Sidicinum, 48 
 
 VIC AVG, Pliilippi, 282 
 VOUC/XNOM, Aesernia, 22 
 
 (y) OSCAN 
 
 Some of the legends in the preced'uKj Index, though written in the Latin alphabet, are prohahly Oscan 
 
 in dialect. * 
 
 >ia39n {aderl), Atella, 26 f. 
 
 3nR>i {Icapn), Capua, 29 f. 
 
 aVTROama (^emlratur). Social War, 23 
 
 ^IVvlT^IS ifistluis), Phistelia, 46 
 8I5TUV^ {fistUs), Pliistelia, 45 
 
 1>I3V>I • m (ni luvlc _ _ ), Social War, 23 
 H^VMa3TR8R>IF]kMVma>l3VM (nuvh-inum 
 
 alafatermim), Nuceria Alfaterna, 45 
 ^MVMa3TR8jR mvma>lDVM {nuclcrinum 
 alfaternum), Nuceria Alfaterna, 45 
 
 > • h I n R R n ■> (g ■ paapii ■ g ■), Social War, 
 23 
 
 JhTVm [ ^m f^f^n ■> {g-paapi.. muttl), 
 Social War, 23 
 
 ^IPI KINVP (sidikinnd), Teanum Sidicinum, 48 
 
 ^VMRKT (tianud), Teanum Sidicinum, 48 
 
 VU3Tt-D (vlteliu), Social War, 23 
 
 flME<1Y (urena), Hyria, 32 
 
 V ^ I N A I (urinai), etc., Hyria, 32 
 
 * See Conway, Italic Dialects, pp. 143 f., 146, 199 f. Such confusion of tongues and alphabets is quite to be expected in 
 cases where Latin colonies were planted among Oscan-speaking tribes. Cf. op. cit., pp. 31 (Note IV.) and 171. 
 
INDEX XI. 
 
 493 
 
 (8) ETRUSCAN^ 
 
 ID NO I (i>'n$i), Uncertain of Campania,! 49 
 IDN® M {irndt), Uncertain of Campania, 49 
 
 flMVJIV^ (piqjhnia), Populonia, 17 
 
 Ifl^ (i-at), Vetulonia, 17 
 
 FEIN RE? {veinae),X Uncertain of Italy, 150 
 
 MOflJ3^ (veh6ri), Volaterrae, 3 
 
 («) PUNIC 
 
 \^\ (ziz), Panormus, 208 f., Syracuse, 225, footnote 
 >^\')y (^[«]/[«]'-")> Sohis, 219 
 yo ('((A-), Alexander the Great, 314 
 
 /''NV^y**'^ (r[rt]sw[e]/5 [«]/•/), Syracuse, 227, 
 
 footnote 
 ^^^1,0^^ (,s7( Irnal zh), Panormus, 208 
 
 * An Umbrian inscription {tu, tutere) occurs on pp. 4 f. and 19. 
 
 t Prof. Conway {Italic Dialects, p. 148, n. xviii.) regards this and the following legend as Etniscan. His opinion, he informs 
 me, is based on "the thoroughly un-Oscan group of consonants rnth, which is at the same time common in Etruscan inscrip- 
 tions." It is, therefore, in no way modified by the fact that Plate iv. 2 shows distinctly the Oscan -|, which has hitherto 
 been doubtful on this class of coins ; see Berlin Catalogue, ill. i. 163. 
 
 t To the footnote on p. 150, I have to add that Professor Conway writes to me that, assuming my reading to be correct, he 
 would class the legend as Etruscan rather than Oscan. " The spelling -ae is distinctly non-Oscan, and can be due only to either 
 Etruscan or Latin influence. The ending -ae appears in Etruscan inscriptions, e.g., Italic Dialects, p. 527, 22*, and may or may 
 not have lost an -s in pronunciation. The loss is common enough in inscriptions under Etruscan influence and others 
 {Ital. Dial., p. 288, footnote), but both -e (nom.) and -es (gen.) are recognized Etruscan endings (Pauli, Altital. Stud. 3, p. 21)." 
 
( 494 ) 
 
 TABLE OF THE RELATIVE WEIGHTS 
 
 OP 
 
 ENGLISH GRAINS and FRENCH GRAMMES 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 Grains 
 
 Grammes 
 
 1 
 
 •064 
 
 54 
 
 3-498 
 
 107 
 
 6-933 
 
 160 
 
 10-368 
 
 213 
 
 13-802 
 
 266 
 
 17-236 
 
 2 
 
 ■129 
 
 55 
 
 3-564 
 
 108 
 
 6-998 
 
 161 
 
 10-432 
 
 214 
 
 13-867 
 
 267 
 
 17-301 
 
 3 
 
 •194 
 
 56 
 
 3-628 
 
 109 
 
 7-063 
 
 162 
 
 10-497 
 
 215 
 
 13-932 
 
 2G8 
 
 17-366 
 
 4 
 
 •259 
 
 57 
 
 3-693 
 
 110 
 
 7-128 
 
 163 
 
 10^562 
 
 216 
 
 13-996 
 
 269 
 
 17-431 
 
 5 
 
 •324 
 
 58 
 
 3-758 
 
 111 
 
 7-192 
 
 164 
 
 10^626 
 
 217 
 
 14-061 
 
 270 
 
 17-496 
 
 6 
 
 •388 
 
 59 
 
 3-823 
 
 112 
 
 7-257 
 
 165 
 
 10^691 
 
 218 
 
 14-126 
 
 271 
 
 17-560 
 
 7 
 
 ■453 
 
 60 
 
 3-888 
 
 113 
 
 7-322 
 
 166 
 
 10^756 
 
 219 
 
 14-191 
 
 272 
 
 17-625 
 
 8 
 
 ■518 
 
 61 
 
 3-952 
 
 114 
 
 7-387 
 
 167 
 
 10^821 
 
 220 
 
 14-256 
 
 273 
 
 17-689 
 
 9 
 
 ■583 
 
 62 
 
 4-017 
 
 115 
 
 7-452 
 
 168 
 
 10^886 
 
 221 
 
 14-320 
 
 274 
 
 17-754 
 
 10 
 
 ■648 
 
 63 
 
 4-082 
 
 116 
 
 7^516 
 
 169 
 
 10^951 
 
 222 
 
 14-385 
 
 275 
 
 17-819 
 
 11 
 
 ■712 
 
 64 
 
 4-146 
 
 117 
 
 7^581 
 
 170 
 
 11^016 
 
 223 
 
 14-450 
 
 276 
 
 17-884 
 
 12 
 
 ■777 
 
 65 
 
 4-211 
 
 118 
 
 7-646 
 
 171 
 
 ll^OSO 
 
 224 
 
 14-515 
 
 277 
 
 17-949 
 
 13 
 
 ■842 
 
 66 
 
 4-276 
 
 119 
 
 7-711 
 
 172 
 
 11^145 
 
 225 
 
 14-580 
 
 278 
 
 18-014 
 
 14 
 
 ■907 
 
 61 
 
 4-341 
 
 120 
 
 7-776 
 
 173 
 
 ir209 
 
 226 
 
 14-644 
 
 279 
 
 18-079 
 
 15 
 
 ■972 
 
 68 
 
 4-406 
 
 121 
 
 7-840 
 
 174 
 
 11-274 
 
 227 
 
 14-709 
 
 280 
 
 18-144 
 
 16 
 
 1-036 
 
 69 
 
 4-471 
 
 122 
 
 7-905 
 
 175 
 
 11-339 
 
 228 
 
 14-774 
 
 290 
 
 18-79 
 
 17 
 
 1-101 
 
 70 
 
 4-536 
 
 123 
 
 7-970 
 
 176 
 
 11-404 
 
 229 
 
 14-839 
 
 300 
 
 19-44 
 
 18 
 
 1^166 
 
 71 
 
 4-600 
 
 124 
 
 8-035 
 
 177 
 
 11-469 
 
 2:30 
 
 14-904 
 
 310 
 
 20-08 
 
 19 
 
 1231 
 
 72 
 
 4-665 
 
 125 
 
 8-100 
 
 178 
 
 11-534 
 
 231 
 
 14-968 
 
 320 
 
 20-73 
 
 20 
 
 1^296 
 
 73 
 
 4-729 
 
 126 
 
 8-164 
 
 179 
 
 11-599 
 
 232 
 
 15-033 
 
 330 
 
 21-38 
 
 21 
 
 1^360 
 
 74 
 
 4-794 
 
 127 
 
 8-229 
 
 180 
 
 11-664 
 
 233 
 
 15-098 
 
 340 
 
 22-02 
 
 22 
 
 1^425 
 
 75 
 
 4-859 
 
 128 
 
 8-294 
 
 181 
 
 11-728 
 
 234 
 
 15-162 
 
 350 
 
 22-67 
 
 23 
 
 r490 
 
 76 
 
 4-924 
 
 129 
 
 8-359 
 
 182 
 
 11-792 
 
 235 
 
 15-227 
 
 360 
 
 23-32 
 
 24 
 
 1555 
 
 77 
 
 4-989 
 
 130 
 
 8-424 
 
 183 
 
 11-858 
 
 236 
 
 15-292 
 
 370 
 
 23-97 
 
 25 
 
 1^620 
 
 78 
 
 5-054 
 
 131 
 
 8-488 
 
 184 
 
 11-922 
 
 237 
 
 15-357 
 
 380 
 
 24-62 
 
 2t) 
 
 1-684 
 
 79 
 
 5-119 
 
 132 
 
 8-553 
 
 185 
 
 11-988 
 
 238 
 
 15-422 
 
 390 
 
 25-27 
 
 27 
 
 1-749 
 
 80 
 
 5-184 
 
 133 
 
 8-618 
 
 186 
 
 12-052 
 
 239 
 
 15-487 
 
 400 
 
 25-92 
 
 28 
 
 1-814 
 
 81 
 
 5-248 
 
 134 
 
 8-682 
 
 187 
 
 12-117 
 
 240 
 
 15-552 
 
 410 
 
 26-56 
 
 29 
 
 1-879 
 
 82 
 
 5-312 
 
 135 
 
 8-747 
 
 188 
 
 12-182 
 
 241 
 
 15-616 
 
 420 
 
 27-20 
 
 30 
 
 1^944 
 
 83 
 
 5-378 
 
 136 
 
 8-812 
 
 189 
 
 12-247 
 
 242 
 
 15-680 
 
 430 
 
 27-85 
 
 31 
 
 2-008 
 
 84 
 
 5-442 
 
 137 
 
 8-877 
 
 190 
 
 12-312 
 
 243 
 
 15-745 
 
 440 
 
 28-50 
 
 32 
 
 2-073 
 
 85 
 
 5-508 
 
 138 
 
 8-942 
 
 191 
 
 12-376 
 
 244 
 
 15-810 
 
 450 
 
 29-15 
 
 33 
 
 2-138 
 
 86 
 
 5-572 
 
 139 
 
 9-007 
 
 192 
 
 12-441 
 
 245 
 
 15-875 
 
 460 
 
 29-80 
 
 34 
 
 2-202 
 
 87 
 
 5-637 
 
 140 
 
 9-072 
 
 193 
 
 12-506 
 
 246 
 
 15-940 
 
 470 
 
 30-45 
 
 35 
 
 2-267 
 
 88 
 
 5-702 
 
 141 
 
 9-136 
 
 194 
 
 12-571 
 
 247 
 
 16^005 
 
 480 
 
 31-10 
 
 36 
 
 2-332 
 
 89 
 
 5-767 
 
 142 
 
 9-200 
 
 195 
 
 12-636 
 
 248 
 
 16^070 
 
 490 
 
 31-75 
 
 37 
 
 2^397 
 
 90 
 
 5-832 
 
 143 
 
 9-265 
 
 196 
 
 12-700 
 
 249 
 
 16^135 
 
 500 
 
 32-40 
 
 38 
 
 2-462 
 
 91 
 
 5-896 
 
 144 
 
 9-330 
 
 197 
 
 12-765 
 
 250 
 
 16-200 
 
 510 
 
 33-04 
 
 39 
 
 2527 
 
 92 
 
 5-961 
 
 145 
 
 9-395 
 
 198 
 
 12-830 
 
 251 
 
 16-264 
 
 520 
 
 33-68 
 
 40 
 
 2-592 
 
 93 
 
 6-026 
 
 146 
 
 9-460 
 
 199 
 
 12-895 
 
 252 
 
 16-328 
 
 530 
 
 34^34 
 
 41 
 
 2^656 
 
 94 
 
 6-091 
 
 147 
 
 9-525 
 
 200 
 
 12-960 
 
 253 
 
 16-394 
 
 540 
 
 34^98 
 
 42 
 
 2-720 
 
 95 
 
 6-156 
 
 148 
 
 9-590 
 
 201 
 
 13-024 
 
 254 
 
 16-458 
 
 550 
 
 35-64 
 
 43 
 
 2-785 
 
 96 
 
 6-220 
 
 149 
 
 9-655 
 
 202 
 
 13-089 
 
 255 
 
 16-524 
 
 560 
 
 36-28 
 
 44 
 
 2-850 
 
 97 
 
 6-285 
 
 150 
 
 9-720 
 
 203 
 
 13-154 
 
 256 
 
 16-588 
 
 570 
 
 36-93 
 
 45 
 
 2-915 
 
 98 
 
 6-350 
 
 151 
 
 9-784 
 
 204 
 
 13-219 
 
 257 
 
 16-653 
 
 580 
 
 37-58 
 
 46 
 
 2-980 
 
 99 
 
 6-415 
 
 152 
 
 9-848 
 
 205 
 
 13-284 
 
 258 
 
 16-718 
 
 590 
 
 38-23 
 
 47 
 
 3-045 
 
 100 
 
 6-480 
 
 153 
 
 9-914 
 
 206 
 
 13-348 
 
 259 
 
 16-783 
 
 600 
 
 38-88 
 
 48 
 
 3-110 
 
 101 
 
 6-544 
 
 154 
 
 9-978 
 
 207 
 
 13-413 
 
 260 
 
 16-848 
 
 700 
 
 45-36 
 
 49 
 
 3-175 
 
 102 
 
 6-609 
 
 155 
 
 10-044 
 
 208 
 
 13-478 
 
 261 
 
 16-912 
 
 800 
 
 51-84 
 
 50 
 
 3-240 
 
 103 
 
 6-674 
 
 156 
 
 10-108 
 
 209 
 
 13-543 
 
 262 
 
 16-977 
 
 900 
 
 58-32 
 
 51 
 
 3-304 
 
 104 
 
 6-739 
 
 157 
 
 10-173 
 
 210 
 
 13-608 
 
 263 
 
 17-042 
 
 1000 
 
 64-80 
 
 52 
 
 3-368 
 
 105 
 
 6-804 
 
 158 
 
 10-238 
 
 211 
 
 13-672 
 
 264 
 
 17-106 
 
 2000 
 
 129-60 
 
 53 
 
 3-434 
 
 lOG 
 
 6-868 
 
 159 
 
 10-303 
 
 212 
 
 13-737 
 
 265 
 
 17-171 
 
 3000 
 
 194-40 
 
( 495 ) 
 
 TABLE FOR CONVERTING 
 
 ENGLISH INCHES INTO MILLIMETRES 
 
 AND THE 
 
 MEASURES OF MIONNET'S SCALE 
 
 English 
 
 Inches 
 
 
 FRE^ 
 
 IflO 
 
 95 
 
 90 
 85 
 SO 
 75 
 70 
 65 
 GO 
 £5 
 50 
 45 
 40 
 3S 
 30 
 25 
 20 
 15 
 10 
 5 
 
 ICH Millimetres 
 
 
 3-5 
 
 2-5 
 
 2- 
 
 IS 
 
 1- 
 •9 
 •8 
 ■7 
 
 ■t 
 
 •s 
 
 .3 
 •i 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MIONNET'S Scale 
 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 It 
 
 
 DO 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 7, 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LONDON : 
 PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, LD. 
 
 ST. John's house, clebkenwell. 
 
PLATE I 
 
 'CSU' 
 
 ;!• 
 
 1 M 
 
 2 JE 
 
 
 3 R. 
 
 4- y€ 
 
 5 A 
 
 6 fsl 
 
 7 /E 
 
 
 8 y£ 
 
 .f^^ 
 
 J-^ 
 
 9 yR 
 
 10 yR 
 
 rv, 
 
 
 
 '%'^-- 
 
 11 ^ 
 
 12 /£ 
 
 13 yE 
 
 14 yR 
 
 15 R 
 
 16 /E 
 
PLATE II 
 
 
 
 -.«■« 
 
 
 1 /E 
 
 2 yE 
 
 
 
 7v.iZ 
 
 3 -R 
 
 ■/I 
 
 
 4 JR 
 
 5 yR 
 
 6 ^ 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 8 ^ 
 
 9 M 
 
 
 
 ^^t^ii^r i 
 
 10 >R 
 
 11 >R 
 
 12 .« 
 
 /•':,'# 
 
 ^^;^ 
 
 13 M. 
 
 14 iR 
 
 15 vR 
 
 16 m. 
 
 17 >R 
 
 18 M. 
 
 'm 
 
 V --. 
 
 ^f^ f[;>^^^J 
 
 19 fA 
 
 20 -R 
 
PLATE III 
 
 *, 
 
 ■rm m^ i^^^ -^i. 
 
 
 1 ;« 
 
 2 >R 
 
 3 i«. 
 
 .;^^. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 4 ^ 
 
 5 R 
 
 5 A 
 
 .-i*«?" 
 
 ^i 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 8 a; 
 
 
 <^-?.?A' 
 
 ^>«-^ 
 
 9 y£ 
 
 10 /E 
 
 :>>:, ^ 
 
 n « 
 
 12 /c. 
 
 
 13 /R 
 
 « §%■ 
 #,.2^^ 
 
 14 B. 
 
 15 yR 
 
 ■V?? 
 
 16 PA. 
 
 
 17 ^ 
 
 r llli<V 
 
 18 y« 
 
 
 fp? 
 
 % 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 19 .-R 
 
 20 J^ 
 
 21 >R 
 
PLATE IV 
 
 
 :fPf, 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 K. 
 
 2 fL 
 
 3 N 
 
 4 /E 
 
 ■K. 
 
 ... / 
 
 .''.'0 
 
 5 >R 
 
 
 6 /R 
 
 m€'^ 
 
 9 yE 
 
 7 JE 
 
 8 yR 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 ^ ] 
 
 t 
 
 U yE 
 
 
 12 R 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 l* yE 
 
 15 R. 
 
 "' ^> 
 
 r> "\ 
 
 >SV 
 
 ^y^y^ ^AF' 
 
 16 M 
 
 17 iE 
 
 '^ in 
 
 18 iE 
 
 20 JE 
 
 21 v4^ 
 
 19 /E 
 
PLATE V 
 
 .^1^' 
 
 - "♦(•S'-.rjii'' 
 
 1 JR 
 
 2 M 
 
 # ® 
 
 4 ^c 
 
 ''} 
 
 h ^ 
 
 ^^?^' 
 
 % 
 
 
 S N 
 
 m 
 
 ^ «a:^\ 
 
 ^.:'yf >*y ^ „fx 
 
 6 N 
 
 ^■Vx- 
 
 1 /R 
 
 8 M 
 
 9 M 
 
 ^W- ^T "k^ 
 m)i W. '¥h 
 
 
 
 
 !0 ^ 
 
 11 JR 
 
 12 ;4^ 
 
 ^^ 4^A 
 
 
 13 M 
 
 \ ,J^f^ 
 
 
 16 M 
 
 .^M 
 
 ''m' 
 
 14 yR 
 
 /) 
 
 \ A 
 
 
 l\ 
 
 15 ^ 
 
 18 .'R 
 
 19 JR 
 
 20 y?l 
 
 21 JR 
 
PLATE VI 
 
 1 JR 
 
 2 ;R 
 
 ;# 
 
 *-^ 
 
 3 M 
 
 4-^ 
 
 4 M 
 
 
 5 M 
 
 ^^li 
 
 6 yR 
 
 7 /R 
 
 K^) 
 
 1^' 
 
 8 >R 
 
 9 B. 
 
 10 i4^ 
 
 a /R 
 
 
 132. : V r 
 
 12 y*-: 
 
 13 M 
 
 14 « 
 
 15 R 
 
 >*^"*"^'!^ 
 
 
 16 R 
 
 )7 /R 
 
 18 B. 
 
 .^3F^2?^ 
 
 /^ 
 
 ;^ 
 
 ^^^^ ^ijE<^ 
 
 19 * 
 
 ■:e^ ^ -. 
 
 
 
 20 v4< 
 
 ^~,, 
 
 'i?'-^! 
 
 : A ^^^ 
 ~ .^^ 
 
 ■"■c; 
 
 #1 
 
 V 
 
 21 ;« 
 
 22 ^ 
 
 23 « 
 
 r- / 
 
 
 
 
 ' / 
 
 24 B 
 
 25 * 
 
 26 /E 
 
 27 >E 
 
PLATE VII 
 
 1 JR 
 
 €l# 
 
 5 JE 
 
 
 w 
 
 9 ,£ 
 
 .■rff 
 
 J' 
 
 2 yR 
 
 -^>>yt. 
 
 6 .£ 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 10 B. 
 
 ' ^- '. ^ ■ 
 
 --^n 
 
 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 4 ^ 
 
 
 ^Jy' 
 
 8 ^ 
 
 11 JR 
 
 
 
 12 ^ 
 
 13 JR 
 
 14 yR 
 
 15 JR 
 
 16 ^ 
 
 T^-*, 
 ^1-^ 
 
 17 /R 
 
 *. . 
 
 '>*^- 
 
 ' f^^tJ^ 
 
 ^'•^^ 
 
 18 ,4i 
 
 r^* 
 
 ?/ 
 
 
 19 ^ 
 
 
 20 « 
 
 ?*¥jI^ 
 
 >«*^3^; 
 
 21 ^ 
 
 22 /R. 
 
 23 JR 
 
I 
 
PLATE VHI 
 
 j0!jpi^ 
 
 1 JR 
 
 2 JR 
 
 3 M 
 
 4- M 
 
 i f 
 
 5 R. 
 
 6 PR 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 8 m. 
 
 9 ,« 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 ^«/ 
 
 1! yR 
 
 12 >R 
 
 13 !R 
 
 14. ^ 
 
 15 B. 
 
 16 yR 
 
 *^i5; 
 
 17 fR 
 
 18 ;4^ 
 
 19 .4^ 
 
 20 
 
 J3, 
 
 21 ^ 
 
 22 IR 
 
 23 ^ 
 
f 
 
PLATE IX 
 
 
 / 
 
 1 JE 
 
 2 M 
 
 i£ 
 
 /> 7- ai 
 
 f^^ 
 
 vr 
 
 >''--. 
 
 4 M. 
 
 5 ^ 
 
 6 A 
 
 7 >E 
 
 r 
 
 8 >R 
 
 9 A 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 11 JR 
 
 12 y« 
 
 13 /R 
 
 ^■^^ 
 
 'y . .^ 
 
 14 fR. 
 
 17 .«. 
 
 
 :/>^ 
 
 15 R 
 
 
 18 R 
 
 
 
 20 ^ 
 
 21 v€ 
 
 16 /R 
 
 '-^ 
 
 
 W^- 
 
 -^ 
 
 W =gIF 
 
 19 /R 
 
 
 ./€ 
 
 22 R 
 
PLATE X 
 
 1 JR 
 
 4 JE 
 
 n 
 
 
 1 B. 
 
 ^^'-'/a; 
 
 2 yE 
 
 ;/'• 
 
 ^ 
 
 -.0 
 
 5 i4^ 
 
 8 /E 
 
 4 
 
 3 .^ 
 
 6 >R 
 
 '£ 
 
 9 .£ 
 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 11 K. 
 
 12 ^ 
 
 13 v£ 
 
 16 R. 
 
 14 i« 
 
 \ 
 
 n 
 
 17 ^ 
 
 /.^l 
 
 15 /E 
 
 
 18 M. 
 
 19 yft 
 
 20 R 
 
PLATE XI 
 
 ^S'i- " -t^' 
 
 ^' iL' -^ '<i^^ 
 
 1 R 
 
 2 ^ 
 
 •fj^i 
 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 4 R 
 
 5 ^ 
 
 6 a; 
 
 /Q /c^fe 
 
 8 ^ 
 
 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 9 Fl 
 
 10 i« 
 
 11 A 
 
 12 HL 
 
 -#^^- 
 
 V^ 
 
 14 N 
 
 -A- 
 
 :/ 
 
 15 ifi 
 
 13 « 
 
 16 fl 
 
 17 ^ 
 
 19 y£ 
 
 18 yE 
 
PLATE XII 
 
 1 M 
 
 h 
 
 4 JE 
 
 9h 
 
 P\-\ 
 
 •^I^NlK 
 
 2 R 
 
 -}^ 
 
 5 ^ 
 
 A 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 6 yE 
 
 7 >E 
 
 8 ./E 
 
 9 M 
 
 Mm 
 
 10 TR 
 
 11 JR 
 
 12 iE 
 
 ^■■^ '^'Vf,^ 
 
 13 /R 
 
 ^^ ^ 
 
 
 j 
 
 14 ^ 
 
 15 .R 
 
 16 R 
 
 17 .« 
 
 18 ^ 
 
 19 A 
 
 m'^ \% 
 
 m 
 
 W 
 
 20 X. 
 
 21 ^ 
 
 22 >E 
 
 23 i« 
 
* 
 4 
 
PLATE Xni 
 
 'f'^'S'% 
 ^//j 
 
 1 JE 
 
 
 2 JE 
 
 -<J'\ 
 
 %l. 
 
 3 M 
 
 f: ■'-It''': 
 
 4 J£. 
 
 5 A 
 
 6 vB 
 
 7 /C 
 
 • # 
 
 10 iR 
 
 13 ;«. 
 
 8 vR 
 
 16 iR 
 
 11 M 
 
 14- i£ 
 
 9 iR 
 
 BB i^S 
 
 12 vR 
 
 15 ^ 
 
 17 iR 
 
 18 iR 
 
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PLATE XIV 
 
 '>itri 
 
 1 JP. 
 
 2 M 
 
 3 /R 
 
 4- M 
 
 5 M 
 
 6 /R 
 
 9 JR 
 
 7 .« 
 
 8 R 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 U ^ 
 
 12 /€ 
 
 
 13 /R 
 
 1+ JP. 
 
 15 ^ 
 
 16 >R 
 
 #V 
 
 19 /R 
 
 ^ii ,#^ 
 
 17 /R 
 
 / 
 
 18 ^- 
 
 20 /E 
 
 21 y£ 
 
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 f 
 
PLATE XV 
 
 • 
 
 1 R. 
 
 4 B. 
 
 *; 
 
 
 
 ■^i^J^jjiuf 
 
 3 K. 
 
 5 /R 
 
 6 R. 
 
 7 j« 
 
 • 
 
 10 B. 
 
 8 j« 
 
 9 B. 
 
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 11 K. 
 
 12 .£ 
 
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 13 it 
 
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 16 B. 
 
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 17 /K 
 
 18 M 
 
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 19 >R 
 
 20 /R 
 
 21 iR 
 
PLATE XVI 
 
 1 M 
 
 2 JR 
 
 :^ 
 
 3 j£ 
 
 4 JE 
 
 
 7 JR 
 
 ^f^P 
 
 8 M 
 
 
 10 !?. 
 
 9 B. 
 
 m 
 
 12 M 
 
 11 JR 
 
 14 ^l 
 
 13 JE 
 
 18 ^ 
 
 19 « 
 
PLATE XVII 
 
 
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 2 /R 
 
 3 B. 
 
 8 R. 
 
 
 12 N. 
 
 16 ^ 
 
 ^'^n ^ 
 
 
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 19 ^ 
 
 
 6 ^ 
 
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 9 yE 
 
 10 R 
 
 13 A' 
 
 14- R 
 
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 fe*r 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 11 ^ 
 
 15 R 
 
 17 /^ 
 
 18 N 
 
 20 >E 
 
 21 yC 
 
 22 A' 
 
 23 19. 
 
 24 Pk 
 
PLATE XVIIl 
 
 '^v 
 
 1 JR 
 
 3 JE 
 
 #• 
 
 6 JE 
 
 9 M 
 
 12 A 
 
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 15 Fl 
 
 18 N 
 
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 7 R. 
 
 
 10 JE 
 
 13 yE 
 
 (/«■ 
 
 2 /E 
 
 5 /E 
 
 8 i« 
 
 
 11 /€ 
 
 ■4 
 
 14 >E 
 
 16 /C 
 
 "^U^-^ 
 
 
 17 /E 
 
 ^^ 21 yE^^ 
 
 19 JE 
 
 20 .C 
 
PLATE XIX 
 
 ft-^ 
 
 
 1 R 
 
 / 
 
 
 4 /€ 
 
 5 /E 
 
 7 >E 
 
 
 ft 
 
 9 ^ 
 
 10 >R 
 
 >:::^ 
 
 3 /€ 
 
 6 iE 
 
 8 J^ 
 
 T 
 
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 11 iR 
 
 12 iR 
 
 
 13 yR 
 
 14 R- 
 
 % 
 
 ^■■ 
 
 
 15 ;R 
 
 16 iR 
 
 0-^^ 
 
 '^%^I 
 
 17 ^ 
 
 >*/" 
 
 =:.^ 
 
 19 /R 
 
 18 ^ 
 
 20 M 
 
 21 /€ 
 
 22 A 
 
PLATE XX 
 
 1 yt 
 
 2 /€ 
 
 yfmj if^/n 
 
 xir-^^ 
 
 3 JE 
 
 4 /€ 
 
 6 ^ 
 
 5 JR 
 
 8 jR 
 
 9 A' 
 
 10 JV 
 
 
 11 JR 
 
 12 A/ 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 H ,« 
 
 17 v« 
 
 15 M 
 
 16 ^ 
 
 ^>:^ ^ 
 
 :^^ '\^^^ "^^^^ 
 
 
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 22 JE 
 
 20 € 
 
 21 M 
 
PLATE XXI 
 
 /i 
 
 m 
 
 % 
 
 1 M 
 
 
 
 2 A' 
 
 5 A' 
 
 ^ •^^ 
 
 3 /^ 
 
 4 A' 
 
 6 ^ 
 
 t:„ '-^ ■« 
 
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 $ / 
 
 
 1 JR 
 
 9 ^ 
 
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 10 /R 
 
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 \ 
 
 12 ift 
 
 8 M- 
 
 11 v« 
 
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 \ 
 
 13 JR 
 
 15 /R 
 
 14 JR 
 
PLATE XXII 
 
 1 M. 
 
 J*k. 
 
 ^.y ■■■' J^c\ 
 
 4 ;R 
 
 2 R 
 
 /: 
 
 j' /• 
 
 ^. 
 
 r/: ':?y -^ 
 
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 6 M 
 
 
 
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 V 
 
 4 
 
 9 M 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 8 /R 
 
 r4 ' 
 
 ■^/ 
 
 ■.Ai, 
 
 ^ 
 
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 11 >R 
 
 12 >R 
 
 13 R 
 
 14 yf( 
 
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 15 ^ 
 
 16 ^ 
 
PLATE XXIII 
 
 
 1 JE 
 
 2 A 
 
 3 JE 
 
 9 M 
 
 10 ^ 
 
 
 H .R 
 
 12 /E 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 14 A' 
 
 15 ^ 
 
 16 v« 
 
 18 /« 
 
 19 ^ 
 
4^fi 
 
 2 M 
 
 PLATE XXIV 
 
 3 i£ 
 
 1 M 
 
 ^' 
 
 '£^^\ §^m 
 
 ■SLIP'S :- 
 
 -•^ 
 
 
 4 JR 
 
 6 M 
 
 7 M 
 
 8 M 
 
 *'-.'-i 
 
 .^'^«~Wk^ 
 
 ■3 « 
 
 10 /« 
 
 n JE 
 
 '■'<%>->*<' 
 
 12 >R 
 
 19 J^ 
 
PLATE XXV 
 
 
 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 2 /E 
 
 3 /E 
 
 4 ^ 
 
 5 yE 
 
 6 ^ 
 
 10 .£ 
 
 13 R 
 
 
 
 = c«^^J5^■ 
 
 9 yE 
 
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 /- 
 
 s^^' 
 
 12 JR 
 
 
 j , i,' 
 
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 -/ 
 
 15 ^ 
 
 14 iR 
 
 # 
 
 17 ^ 
 
 
 
 \iO >R 
 
 19 ^ 
 
 18 B. 
 
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 I 
 
PLATE XXVI 
 
 (v**.. 
 
 
 / 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 3 iR 
 
 4 /€ 
 
 
 '-"'Wi 
 
 6 i£ 
 
 & yE 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 ^r^/* 
 
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 10 M 
 
 8 ;1^ 
 
 9 M 
 
 ^J?^^ 
 
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 11 >R 
 
 12 >R 
 
 ^9 
 
 14. M 
 
 13 >E 
 
 15 yR 
 
 16 i£ 
 
 18 i€ 
 
PLATE XXVII 
 
 
 ■''**«.v«.^!<'"'- 
 
 1 >£ 
 
 2 >€ 
 
 3 ^ 
 
 4 A 
 
 JR. 
 
 V.. 
 
 r*-; 
 
 
 5 ^ 
 
 6 y€ 
 
 7 /E 
 
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 <^0tm^ 
 
 J 
 
 8 /E 
 
 9 it 
 
 10 fc. 
 
 11 y£ 
 
 15 /£ 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 14 i£ 
 
PLATE XXVni 
 
 >v.: 
 
 4 /R 
 
 7 JE 
 
 2 J€. 
 
 
 5^; 
 
 8 JR 
 
 10 /R 
 
 '^''"^.i 
 
 
 3 i£ 
 
 6 JE 
 
 '*5' ^ 
 
 
 9 M 
 
 
 
 12 ^ 
 
 11 /V 
 
 13 /t 
 
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 1+ ^ 
 
 
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 15 A' 
 
 17 m 
 
 18 R 
 
 19 >R 
 
 20 >R 
 
4 
 
PLATE XXIX 
 
 1 JR 
 
 2 M 
 
 Wy \ 
 
 3 JR 
 
 4 R 
 
 5 M 
 
 6 M. 
 
 ■i A 
 
 ^^:».. 
 
 
 10 /C 
 
 
 .•^.•'- 
 
 ■f J 
 
 8 a: 
 
 U ;€ 
 
 Z* 
 
 
 ■*%■ 
 
 12 >E 
 
 ji^f^'j ;?^: 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 ^M^-''* 
 
 
 I %^^- 
 
 V 
 
 14 ^E 
 
 ■ .^•''W^^S'*^- 
 
 15 >E 
 
 16 it; 
 
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PLATE XXX 
 
 
 
 1 yt 
 
 3 yE 
 
 1^ 
 
 V 
 
 
 4 /R 
 
 • 
 
 2 fl 
 
 \^ 
 
 5 .R 
 
 
 
 6 j« 
 
 7 vR 
 
 8 ^ 
 
 9 R<. 
 
 
 '■■/'^ 
 
 12 /R 
 
 
 15 .« 
 
 
 '/h*^] 
 
 10 yE 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 r^ ^^ 
 
 
 
 13 jR 
 
 
 
 16 yR 
 
 ^:^. 
 
 / 
 
 11 A. 
 
 # 
 
 14 >R 
 
 .#^ 
 
 17 /E 
 
 ^ ^^^y ^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 19 A ^^m"^ 
 
 20 * 
 
 18 ^ 
 
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GETTY CENTER LIBRARY 
 
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