5 ^ Hi S 111 1111 tf^#f ill iff in il? >> »^ Jft^ tew Mir ill I It fi^Mi^ MM fMwm Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/supplementtosecoOOstev A SUPPLEMENT TO THE SECOND EDITION OP MR. BENTHAM'S ^tstorp $ anttqutttes OF THE CATHEDRAL & CONVENTUAL CHURCH OF <> COMPRISING ENLARGED ACCOUNTS OF THE MONASTERY, LADY CHAPEL, PRIOR CRAWDEN'S CHAPEL, The Palaces and other Buildings connected with the See and the Church ; WITH LISTS OF THE CHANCELLORS, VICARS GENERAL, OFFICIALS, COMMISSARIES, CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE ISLE OF ELY, &c. ALSO, NOTES, ARCHITECTURAL, BIOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL, AND EXPLANATORY. BY WILLIAM STEVENSON, F. S. A. EDITOR OF THE SECOND EDITION OF THE ABOVE HISTORY OF ELY CATHEDRAL, PUBLISHED IN 1812. Res arduay velustts noxitatem dare, novis aucloritatem, obsoletis nitorem, obscuris lucent, fastiditis gratiant} dubiis Jidem, omnibus vero naturam, et natura sua Omnia. Plin. Nat. Hist. Lib. 1. NORWICH: PRINTED BY AND FOR STEVENSON, MATCHETT, AND STEVENSON J A3D SOLD IT THBM J ALSO BY MESSRS. CADE LI- AND DAVIES; LONGMAN, HURST, AND CO. J NICHOLS, SOU, AMD BKKTLBT ; SCATCHERD AND LETTERMAN ; AND TAYLOR, 5g, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. MUSI). BUCHTONS, CAMBRIDGE , PARKER, AND BLISS, OXFORD; TODDl, YORK J AND UPWARDS, BIT. IS17. TO THE RIGHT REVEREND BOWYER EDWARD SPARKE, D. D. LOID BISHOP OF EJLY; THE VERY REVEREND WILLIAM PEARCE, D. D. BJEAN; AND THE REVEREND PEPLOE WARD, D. D. GEORGE OWEN CAMBRIDGE, M. A. JAMES CROFT, M. A. JOHN DAM PIER, M. A. Sir HENRY BATE DUDLEY, Bart. LL. D. PHILIP YORKE, M. A. GEORGE KING, M A. GEORGE LEONARD JENYNS, M. A. prebendaries; THIS SUPPLEMENTARY VOLUME TO MR. BENTHAMS HISTORY OF ELY CATHEDRAL, IS GRATEFULLY AND RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. PREFACE. TL HE Origin and Progress of Ecclesiastical Architecture in this country ; the various modes of building" in different ages ; the transi- tions from one style to another; and the gradual advances towards perfection, have been most ably treated upon in the First Volume of the History of Ely Cathedral ; and it was the intention of the vener- able Author to have enlarged upon those subjects. His labours, therefore, in giving an account of the present fabric, were limited to a plain narrative respecting its several parts, their dimensions, and the successive periods at which they were erected : Providence did not allow him time to do more. Mr. Benthanis views have, however, been more than realized, in the magnificent publication of the Society of Antiquaries, from actual drawings and measurements of the Cathedrals of Durham, Exeter, Bath, and Gloucester, made by Mr. John Carter, F. S. A. And that Gentleman, in his treatise on the " Ancient Architecture of England," has given us examples from the earliest remains, and is continuing them to the time of Henry VIII. in such a manner, as to leave us nothing to be wished for on the subject, but that his life may be spared to complete so valuable a publication ; nor any thing to lament, as con- nected with it, but that, according to his public avowal, he is not remunerated in the sale of the numbers, for the labour and expense bestowed upon them ; not to speak of the graphic talents and profes- sional knowledge displayed in the work. After b ii PREFACE. After this declaration, were I to offer any sentiments of my own, upon the above subjects, they would appear as presumptuous as they are unnecessary. I have therefore contented myself with bringing* together, in my Notes to Mr. Benthams History, the varying* opinions of several eminent writers, on the origin and merits of Pointed Archi- tecture ; leaving the reader to draw his own conclusions from them. If it should here be asked what could give me sufficient confidence to undertake the continuation of so eminent a work ? I will answer, that it was begun, and persevered in, only under the impression, that the talents neither of an elegant nor of a profound scholar were required for the purpose ; but, that a patient investigation of the materials left by Mr. Bentham, and a due care in the arrangement of them, would qualify me to render some little service to our national topography ; especially to the History of this fine Cathedral ; and, at the same time, to shew that I was not wholly deficient in zeal for promoting the objects of that Society, which had done me the honour of electing me one of its members. In attempting this object, the interest of those who possess the First Edition of Mr. Benthams book, has not been less attended to, than that of the purchasers of the Second ; accordingly, the Memoirs of the Ely Historian, which I drew up for the Edition of 1812, as well as the Addenda, and Extra Prints, given with it, will be found in the Supplement for the Edition of 1771. It was the opinion of Mr. Oldisworth, that to preserve the memory of those who have been serviceable to mankind, is to discharge a debt which we owe to our benefactors ; and I hope it will be considered that I have done so, by the additions which I have made to the bio- graphical part of the former volumes, no less than by the lists and short accounts of the Chancellors, Vicars General, Officials Principal, and PREFACE. iii and Commissaries, which are made out from the late Mr. Coles and Mr. Benthams Collections for that purpose, and continued to the present time from authentic information. I have also compiled lists of the Chief Justices of the Isle, and the Chief Bailiffs of Ely, from Mr. Benlham's Notitia; accompanied with Biographical Notices ; thus adding' greatly to the number of the learned and estimable persons connected with the Church, whose names are recorded in the former volumes. Mr. Bentliam having translated, from a manuscript copy, Henry of Huntingdon s Letter " de Contemptu Mundi" which describes, in a very interesting manner, the characters of many personag-es men- tioned in the first part of his History, and having prepared it for the press, I have annexed it to the biographical illustrations, with notes, which I hope will enable the reader more easily to recognise the persons who are mentioned in that curious historical fragment. Particular care has been taken to give in his own words, and to point out as such, whatever was intended by Mr. Benlham for publi- cation. For that reason, the account of the Conventual Church, and of some parts of the Cathedral, will be found in this Supple- ment, from his manuscripts, lately discovered, the substance of which appeared in the Addenda to the re-printed Edition of 1812, as the joint production of Mr. Bentham and Mr. Essex. The Extracts from the Accounts of the Precentor, Bursar, Al- moner, and other Officers of the Monastery, will afford some curious particulars respecting the customs and manners of former times ; the prices of the luxuries and necessaries of life ; the charges of artists, and the stipends and wages of workmen, labourers, &c. To render the information more complete, I have selected from the Rotidi of $t, Stephen's Chapel, Westminster, which was begun five years after, and iv PREFACE and finished nine years after the Lady Chapel at Ely, various charges for similar items; and it is to be remembered, that many of the same artists and workmen were employed upon both the structures. Some account of the Monastery, the Prior's Chapel, the Chapel of the Virgin, the Sepulchral Chapels of Bishops Alcock and West, the Palaces in London, Ely, Downham, Somersham, Hatfield, &c. which Mr. Bentham reserved for a future volume, I have given in this, chiefly from his unarranged materials. Among the additional records will be found, for the first time that it has been printed, the document constituting the Surrender of the Monastery, from an attested copy, under the Convent seal. The original was in the possession of the Rev. Mr. Perkins, Rector of Oxborough, in Norfolk, and communicated to Mr. Bentham, the year after the publication of his Book. The record of the return, made by the Commissioners to the Court of Augmentation of the Revenue of the Crown, may be considered as an important acquisition to the History of the Church of Ely, as it never was published prior to its being printed for this work. The taxation of the Diocese in 1291, by Pope Nicholas, is care- fully printed from the M Taxatio Ecclesiastica Anglice et Wallice" pub- lished by command of his Majesty, in 1802. By that record, all the Statutes of Colleges, founded before the Reformation, are inter- preted, according to which their Benefices under a certain value, are exempted from the restrictions in the Statute of Henry VIII. con- cerning Pluralities. I am conscious, that the Supplementary Notes have little else, be- sides their conciseness and variety, to recommend them ; yet I still venture to entertain the expectation of their proving acceptable to the reader. I am particularly emboldened to hope, that the efforts, however PREFACE. however feeble, exerted as well in them, as in the Memoirs, in order to identify the pen of Mr. Bentham, witli " the Remarks on Saxon Architecture," and to substantiate his just claim to the universal approbation bestowed on that and other parts of his History, may be the means of preventing any future attempts to deprive the literary character of my revered Predecessor of its well-earned fame. The Remarks of my learned and reverend friend, Mr. Gunn, will not fail to be read with equal pleasure and advantage, by the Scholar and the Antiquary. The Subjects, selected for the Illustration and Embellishment of this volume, consist, for the greater part, of such as appeared to possess the most interesting features, or were either not before given, or given incorrectly by the artists employed for the original work. Aided by the liberality of my friends, I have been enabled to present double the number of Prints specified in the Prospectus ; and it is hoped, that they will be found to possess sufficient merit, in point both of accuracy and execution, to gain them a favourable reception. In its Typography, neither expense nor trouble has been spared, to entitle the present work to stand by the side of the original one from the Cambridge Press, and to assimilate it as much as possible with the Edition of 1812. Mistakes are unavoidable, where dates and proper names abound, as in this case. Great care has been taken to guard, as much as possible, against their occurrence ; and towards those errors which have escaped detection, as well as towards all other faults and defects, I entreat, from the public, the extension of a generous indulgence. I here take occasion, most sincerely and respectfully, to thank the Patrons and Subscribers to this volume ; as foremost among whom, my grateful acknowledgements are particularly due to those Gentle- men G PREFACE. men who have presented plates at their own expense, or contributed towards defraying" the cost of engraving" them. The inscriptive de- signations on the respective prints, render it unnecessary to repeat their names : yet, in reverting to the list of those liberal contri- butors, the heartfelt sentiment of sorrow and regret impels me thus publicly to deplore the loss of the following individuals, who have been numbered with the dead whilst this work was passing through the press, viz. : — John Eardley Wilmot, of Tottenham, Middlesex, Esquire (son of Sir Eardley Wilmot, late Chief Justice of the Common Pleas). No eulogy of mine could do justice to the character of this excellent person : but having been honoured with his friendship and confidence, I consider it not less due to the dictates of my own feelings, than to the memory of his exalted worth, to say of the uniform principles and actions of his life, that they formed a bright example of the love and practice of every social duty, and every Christian virtue. Henry Burrell, of the Middle Temple, Esquire, descended from the family of that name at Broom Park, in Northumberland, a Gen- tleman distinguished for urbanity of manners, and generosity of dis- position, and for eminent professional qualifications, as evinced in the able and conscientious discharge of the duties of his office, as prin- cipal Secretary to the present Lord Chancellor Eldon. And, lastly, Robert Rartridge, Esquire (brother to the late Chief Justice of Ely J, a Magistrate of Norwich, where he was universally and most deservedly beloved and respected. It may perhaps be urged, by those who know that the Son of the Ely Historian is living, that this Supplement would have been more likely to afford satisfaction, if it had proceeded from his pen, rather than from that of an individual, remotely related to him by the first marriage PREFACE. vii marriage of his Father. To the propriety of such an observation, I entirely assent, and have only, in explanation of the circumstance, to add, that the Rev. James Bentham, Rector of West Bradenham, in Norfolk, being* in a very infirm state of health, was induced to entrust me with the execution of the work; in the course of which, however, I have received from him every assistance and attention in his power, and for which I now tender my warmest thanks to that Gentleman. Enabled, by repeated experience, to bear testimony to his charac- teristic generosity of spirit, I am happy in the opportunity of de- claring my many obligations to a veteran and highly meritorious labourer in the cause of literature and science — John Nichols, Esquire, F» S. A. &c. and especially of acknowledging his handsome and unso- licited communication of the materials originally collected, by the late Rev. William Cole, with a view to the formation of a history of the Chancellors, &c. of Ely Diocese. I am greatly obliged to Alexander Chalmers, Esquire, F. S. A. &c. for the very kind and able assistance which he has given me in the biographical part of this work. To John Caley, Esquire, F. S. A. Keeper of the Records in the Aug- mentation Office, my best thanks are due, for the manuscript copies of the three first Records given in the Appendix ; as well as for the favor of that learned Gentleman's revision of them in the letter-press. Nor am I less beholden to the zealous services of Luke Hansard, Esquire, Printer of the Journals, &c. to the Honourable House of Commons ; by means of whose complete and unique font of record types, the appearance of fac simile has, in a great degree, been im- parted to the printing of the documents furnished by Mr. Caley, as well as to the Extract from Pope Nicholas's Taxation. The viii PREFACE. The advantage, which it will be seen has been taken of Doctor Sayers's 44 Disquisitions," in the course of the Supplementary Anno- tations, whilst it evidences my perfect appreciation of the high merits of that work, serves to remind me of a pleasing duty which I take leave to perform, by thanking that Gentleman for the condescend- ing attention he has always manifested to the appeals personally made by me to his superior learning and information. An equally strong claim, on my grateful consideration, belongs to my worthy friend, Thomas Amyot, Esquire, of Downing-street, Lon- don, from whose opinion and advice, I have, on this, as well as on other occasions, been permitted to derive essential benefit. I should be guilty of culpable omission, were I not here to men- tion the very friendly offices and esteemed attentions of Hugh Robert Evans, Esquire, Steward of the Courts of the Reverend the Dean and Chapter of Ely. To William Bentham, Esquire, of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister at Law, F. S. A. and F. L. S. I beg also to present my sincere thanks, for his most liberal and active promotion of my wishes and interests in this publication. And, 44 tho' last not least" in my cherished recollection of kindness and assistance received, let it be allowed me to notice the care and pains bestowed on the printing of this volume, by my sons and part- ners, Mr. Jonathan Matchett and Mr. Seth William Stevenson. Arrived at the termination of my humble Editorial labours, and at the commencement of my sixty-eighth year, it becomes me to con- secrate the concluding expression of my gratitude to sentiments springing from a devout sense of God's blessing, through which the task, which I had undertaken, is now brought to a close. WILLIAM STEVENSON. Norwich, April 19th, 1817. CONTENTS. Supplement to Mr. Bentham's History of Ely Cathedral. PAGE. ACCOUNT of the Chancellors — — — — 1 Vicars General — — — — — — — 14 . Officials Principal — • — — — — — 22 — — Commissaries — — — — — — — 29 Officials to the Archdeacon — — — — — 34 Chief Justices of the Isle of Ely — — — . — 35 Chief Bailiffs of Ely — — — — — — 40 . Convent founded by Queen Etheldreda — — — — 41 Conventual Church — — — — — 43 . Monastery — — — — — — — 40 ■ Prior's Lodge and Chapel — — — — 47 Ely Porta, or Great Entrance to the Monastery — — — 50 the Scriptorium and Library — — — — 51 . Garden, Orchard, and Vineyard — — — 53 ■ School of the Monastery — — — jfoj A Copy of the Surrender of the Monastery — — — 55 The Tower, South-west Transept, and Galilee — — 57 The Lady Chapel — — — — — — — gj Chapels of Bishops Alcock and West — — — — gg Eastern Transept — — — — — — — — The Octagon — — — — — — — — Anti-Choir or Sermon-Place, and the Choir — — Palaces and Manor Houses — — — — — — , Wisbech Castle — — — — — — — — Ely-House, Holborn — — — — — — 79 Palace at Ely — — — — — — — gg Downham — — — — — gg ' Somersham — — — — — _ g^ St. Mary's Church — — — — — g^ Chantry on the Green — — — — — gg d X CONTENTS. Hospital of St. Mary Magdalen and St. John Baptist — — — — — 88 Bishops of Ely (continued from 1812 ^ — — — — — — — 90 Archdeacons of ditto — — — — — — — — — Ibid. Prebendaries of ditto — — — — — — — — — 91 Supplementary NOTES to Mr. Bentham's History. PAGE. PAGE. To Memoirs — To Priors — — — — 117 Introduction — — — 6 Deans — — — — 121 St. Etheldreda — — — 34 Prebendaries — — — 123 Abbesses — — — 39 Archdeacons — — — 133 History, 8gc. — — — 40 General Description — — 137 Abbots — — — — 45 Appendix — — — 141 Vacancy of Abbacy — — 61 Addenda — — — — 144 Bishops — — — — 65 Remarks on the first vol. by Mr. Gunn 145 Appendix to Supplement. No. 1. — The Certificate or Return made by the Commissioners to the Court of Aug- mentation of the Revenues of the Crown — — — — — *1 2. — Copy of an Original Record in the Augmentation Office, ' De Fundatione Domus Cartusien', London — — — — — « — — *16 3. — Copy of an Original Record in the Augmentation Office — — — *17 4. — Pope Nicholas's Taxation of the Diocese of Ely, in 1291 — — — *19 5. — Henry of Huntingdon's Letter to Walter, Abbot of Ramsay — — *29 6. — Account of the Culimites — — — — — — — *44 SUBSCRIBERS' NAMES. THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE REGENT. A James Henry Arnold, LL. D. F. R. S. and F. S. A. Lin- coln's Inn Fields, London George Allan, Esq. M. P. Durham J. A. Adams, Esq. British Museum Thomas Amyot, Esq. F. S. A. London Thomas Archer, Esq. Chelmsford John Arden, Esq. All Souls' College, Oxford B The Most Noble the Marquis of Bute and Dumfries, F. R. S. and F. S. A. The Right Hon. the Earl of Bridgewater, F. R. S. and F. S. A. The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. LL. D. P r . R S. ; F. S. A. ; F. R. S. Ed. ; M. U. I. A. Sir Thomas Beevor, Bart. Hethel-hall, Norfolk T. P. Bagge, Esq. Lynn — Large paper copy Wm. Bedford, Esq. F. S. A. Birches' Green, near Bir- mingham William Bentham, Esq. F. S. A. and F. L. S. London The Rev. James Bentham, West Bradenham, Norfolk Mrs. Bemey, Brecon, Norfolk Shelford Bidwell, Esq. Thetford, Norfolk Michael Bland, Esq. F. S. A. Loudon Wm. Bray, Esq. Treasurer to the Society of Antiquaries John Broadley, Esq. F. S. A. Kirk Ella, near Hull— Large paper John Britton, Esq. F. S. A. London John Buckler, Esq. F. S. A. London Henry Burrell, Esq. F. S. A. London The Rev. John Buxton, Carlton Rode, Norfolk— Two copies Mr. Bassett, Norwich Mr. Arthur Browne, Norwich Mr. Baynes, Bookseller, London Mr. Booth, Bookseller, Duke-atreet, Portland-place, London Mr. Bickerstaff, Bookseller, London Mr. Bransby, Bookseller, Ipswich Bene't College Library, Cambridge Old Birmingham Library C His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury — Large paper The Right Hon. the Earl of Carlisle, K. G. The Rev. the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury Sir Thos. Gerv Cullum, Bart. F. R. S. & F. S. A. Bury The Rev. George Owen Cambridge, M. A. F. S. A. Arch- deacon of Middlesex, and Prebendary of Ely Thomas William Coke, Esq. M. P. Holkham, Norfolk — Large paper The Rev. B. Chapman, M. A. President of Caius Coll. Cambridge John Hammond Cole, Esq. Norwich R. Corv, jun. Esq. Yarmouth, Norfolk T. H. Cooper, Esq. North Walbham, Norfolk Charles Cooper, Esq. Norwich The Rev. J. Crofts, Prebendary of Ely Edward Jeremiah Curteis, Esq. The University of Cambridge — Large paper Caius College Library, Cambridge Messrs. Carpenter and Son, Booksellers, London Mr. William Clarke, Bookseller, London Messrs. Clarke and Co. Booksellers, Manchester D The Rev. Sir H. B. Dudley, Bart. Prebendary of Ely The Rev. Martin Davey, D. D. F. R. S. Master of Caius Coll. Cambridge The Rev. J. Disney, D. D. F. S. A. The Rev. John Dampier, M. A. Prebendary of Ely John Dent, Esq. F. R. S. and F. S. A. Hertford-street, May Fair, London — Large paper Elisha De Hague, Esq. Norwich William Durrant, Esq. F. S. A. W impole-street, London The Rev. Mr D'Oyley The Rev. Henry Drury, Harrow Mr. De Carle, jun. Norwich Mr. Dash, Bookseller, Kettering Mr. John Deck, Bookseller, Bury Messrs. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge — Six copies E The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Elv, F. R. S. and F.S. A. The Very Rev. the Dean of Ely, D. D. F. R. S. Master of Jesus College, Cambridge The Rev. the Dean and Chapter of Ely Hugh Robert Evans, Esq. Ely. — Two copies Mr. Edwards, Bookseller, Ely F Sir Martin Browne Folkes, Bart. M. P. Hillington,. Norfolk Rev. C. Fenwicke, M. A. Fellow of Lincoln Coll. Oxford H. Francis, Esq. Norwich Francis Freeling, Esq. F. S. A. London — Large paper The Rev. Mr. Freeman, Peterborough Mr. Ford, Manchester G Sir Thomas Gage, Bart. Suffolk Hudson Gurney, Esq. M. P. F. S. A. Norwich Daniel Gurney, Esq. Lynn, Norfolk Miss Gurney, Keswick Octavius Gilchrist, Esq. F. S. A. Stamford S. H. L. N. Gilman, Esq. Hingham Francis Gostling, Esq. Norwich Thomas Henry Graham, Esq. F. S. A. Clapham Common Nathan Gray, Esq. March, Isle of Ely Mr. Gedge, Bury Mr. Henry Goodwin, Bath xii SUBSCRIBERS' NAMES. H Sir T. Maynard Heselrigge, Bart. HoxneHall, Suffolk Sir R. Colt Hoare, Bai t. F. R. S. & F. S. A..— Large paper The Rev. R. F. Hallifax, Bathcott The Rev. Mr. Hankinson, Lynn, Norfolk Jeremiah Harman, Esq. John Heathcote, Esq. Connington Castle, Huntingdonsh. George Hibbert, Esq. F. S. A. Henry Hobhouse, Esq. F. S. A. Robert Holford, Esq. F. R. S. and F. S. A. Lincoln's Inn Fields, London John Holman, Esq. John Holmes, Esq. Retford, Nottinghamshire — Large paper Henry House, Esq. The Rev. R. F. Howman, Hockering, Norfolk The Rev. John Humfrey, Wroxham, Norfolk George Hutton, Esq. Carlton upou Trent, Notts. Sir George Jerningham, Bart. Costessey-hall, Norfolk The Rev. Archdeacon lllingworth, D. D. F. S. A. The Rev. George Leonard Jenyns, M. A. Prebendary of Ely The Royal Institution, London The Rev. Jeremiah Ives, Norwich K The Rev. George King, M. A. Prebendary of Ely Samuel Knight, Esq. Milton, Cambridgeshire The Most Noble the Marquis of Lansdowne — Two copies The Right Hon. the Earl of Lonsdale, F. S. A. The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Llandaff The Rev. Wm. Lav ton J. Leventhorp, Esq. London J. Lyons, Esq. Samuel Lvsons, Esq. F. S. A. Treas. R. S. V. P. M The Rev Thos. Methold, LL. B. Prebendary of Norwich Charles Marsh, Esq. M. P. Richmond, Surry Charles Mainwaring, Esq. F. S. A. Coleby, Lincolnshire Francis Maude, Esq. F. S. A. Wakefield The Rev. Edward Mellish, East Tuddenham, Norfolk The Rev. Wm. Metcalfe, M. A. Minor Canon of Ely The Rev. Edward Mills, Bury Robt. Muriel, Esq. Ely Mr. Matthews, St. Peter's College, Cambridge Mr. Miller, London Mr. Mozley, Bookseller, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire Mr. Murray, Albemarle-street, London — Three copies N The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Norwich, F.S. A. The Very Rev. the Dean of Norwich, D. D. F. S. A. Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge George Nassau, Esq. Matthew Needham, Esq. Linton, near Nottingham John Nichols, Esq. F. S. A. Lond. Edinb. and Perth — One large paper, and two small do. John Bowyer Nichols, Esq. London Messrs. Nornaville and Fell, Booksellers, London — Large paper Sir Thomas Beauchamp Proctor, Bart. Langley Hall, Norfolk The Rev. S. Parr, LL. D. Hatton, Warwickshire Robert Partridge, Esq. Norwich John Patteson, Esq. Norwich. — Large paper Jonathan Peckover, Esq. Wisbech — One large paper copy, and one small do. D. Pennant, Esq. Roger Pettiward, Esq. F. S. A. Finborough Hall, Suffolk George Platell, Esq. Peterborough Robert Plumptre, Esq. Norwich The Rev. Dr. Pryce, Harwich — Large paper Mr. Pigge, Bookseller, Lynn, Norfolk — Two copiet The Portico Library, Manchester R His Grace the Duke of Rutland, K. G. The Right Hon. Lord Rous — Large paper The Rev. Houston Radclirfe, D. D. Prebendary of Can- terbury, and Archdeacon of Cambridge J. F. Ranney, Esq. Yarmouth, Norfolk Robert Reeve, jun. Esq. Lowestoft John Renme, Esq. F. R. S. and F.S. A. Joseph Robinson, Esq. Stamford — Large paper Wm. Lorauce Rogers, Esq. F. S. A. London Mr. James Rump, Swanton, Norfolk S The Right Hon. Earl Spencer, K. G. LL. D. F. R. S. and F. S. A — Large paper Wm. Smith, Esq. M. P. F. R.S. & F. S. A. Parndon, Essex The Rev. Dr. Sleath Claude Scott, Esq. The Rev. George Savage, F. S. A. Kingston Sigismuud Trattord Southwell, Esq. Wroxham, Norfolk The Rev. Humphrey W.Sibthorp, Canwick, Lincolnshire R. Sparrow, Esq. Worlingham Hall, Suffolk Robert Sutton, Esq. London — Large paper Mr. Stone, Norwich Mr. Shalders, Bookseller, Yarmouth Mr. Simcoe, Bookseller, London — Two copies The Surry Institution, London T The Rev. Sir John Thoroton William Tayler, Esq. Brentford Thomas Thomas, Esq. Oxford-street, London Dawson Turner, Esq. A. M. ; F. R. S. ; F. S. A. and L. S. — Large paper Mr. Taylor, Bookseller, Holborn, London— Three copiet Messrs. J. and G. Todd, Booksellers, York— Two copiet The Rev. Edward Valpy, B. D. Norwich W The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Winchester, F.S. A. The Rev. Thos. Waddingtou, D. D. F. S. A. Preben- dary of Ely. The Rev. Peploe Ward, D. D. Prebendary of Ely The Rev. Dr. Wallis, Ipswich The Rev. Walter Whiter, Hardingham, Norfolk John Eardley Wilmot, Esq. F. R. S. and F. S. A. Tot- tenham, Middlesex — Large paper William Wilkins, Esq. F. S. A. Cambridge Thomas Jenkinson W oodward, Esq. Diss Messrs. E. and W. Walcot, Booksellers, Worcester Messrs. Whitmore and Fenn, Booksellers, Loudon Winchester College Library, Oxford The Wisbech Literary Society Y The Rev. Philip Yorke, M. A. Prebendary of Ely William Yarington, Esq. Swaffhain The York Subscription Library %* The name of Mr. John Murray, of Albemarle-street, London, was inadvertently omitted to be placed among those of the Publishers, in the Title-page of this Volume. SUPPLEMENT TO BENTHAMS HISTORY $ ANTIQUITIES OF THE Conventual & Cathedral Church of ELY. SOME ACCOUNT OF THE CHANCELLORS, VICARS GENERAL, OFFICIALS PRINCIPAL, & COMMISSARIES, OF THE DIOCESE of ELY. -A. Chronological series of the Chancellors of the different Dioceses in Great Bri- tain, has long been a desideratum : the Editor of this Supplement hopes, therefore, that an account of such as were connected with the See of Ely, as well as of those individuals who have filled the offices of Vicar General, Official Principal, and Commissary, for the Diocese, will be esteemed an useful appendage to the History of the Cathedral. It was the intention of the Ely Historian to have availed himself of the mass of information which he had gleaned for his valuable work, in compiling such a list, if his life had been spared. From his voluminous extracts, in sixteen volumes, quarto, great assistance has been derived in drawing up the following account. The learned Doctor Ducarel, one of Mr. Bent ham's correspondents, and the contributor of Plate iv. in his work, had collected materials for a biographical history of the Chancellors throughout the kingdom, and the Rev. William Cole communicated to him, in 1754, such particulars as he could obtain for the purpose " from the Registers of the old Bishops of Ely but he complains, in his letter, that " there are several whole registers wanting, and that "they are irrecoverably lost." Mr. B 2 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chancellors.) Mr. Bentham mentions those Registers, pag. 3 of his Preface, under the title of " MSS. Epi. Elien. ABM. P. R." which were then kept at Ely-House, Hoi- bourn. From them he made most copious extracts in his " Notitia Ecclesice Eliensis and as no mention is found of the subsequent registers among those ex- tracts, it may be concluded that they are the defective ones — viz. those of Bishops Langham and Barnet, from 1356 to 1374. Bishops Morgan and Luxemburg, from 1422 to 1443. Bishop Morton, 1478 to 1486. Bishops Redman and Stan- ley, from 1500 to 1515. And after Bishop Coxe's death, 1581, the See was vacant to 1600. Lastly, all the registers of Bishops Andrews, Felton, Buckeridge, and White, are wanting; comprising a period of twenty-nine years, from 1609 to 1638. From that time to the present, there exist the most perfect and connected records. After the death of Doctor Ducarel, Mr. Cole's communications to that Gentle- man came into the hands of John Nichols, Esq. F. S. A. who most obligingly accommodated the Editor with the use of them. As it frequently occurs, that one and the same person, at different times, is styled Chancellor, Commissary, Vicar General, and Official, in the above registers, the whole have been arranged chronologically, under distinct titles. Mr. Cole pro- fesses that he was, unacquainted with the exact distinction of those offices, a concise definition of the nature of each, is therefore subjoined from the best authorities. the Diocese of Norwich. In 1315, being then a Notary Public, we find him pre- sent at the confirmation of Mr. Richard Asheton, as Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, by Bishop Ketene. And in a form of admission to the Hospital of St. John, at Ely, by Bishop Montacute, dated July 4, 1340, he is mentioned as having been Registrar and afterwards Chancellor to Bishop Ketene. * The appointment to this office is by patent from the Bishop, and revocable at his pleasure. The offices of Vicar General, and Official Principal, have since the reformation, been united to that of Chancellor, who by virtue of his office is Chief Judge in the Ecclesiastical Court. He is also empowered to induct Ministers to their livings ; to visit the Cathedral, and other Churches in the Diocese ; to prove Wills, and grant Letters of Administration; to issue Faculties, Dispensations, &c. The Chancellor's jurisdiction is not limited to any place, but extends through the whole Diocese, and to all ecclesiastical matters. 1 We hear of no Chan- cellors in England till the reign of Henry II. but that King requiring the attendance of the Bishops at his Councils of State, and other public affairs, it was thought necessary to substitute Chancellors in their room, tor the dispatch of those causes which were proper for their decision. 2 CHANCELLORS* He was Rector of Hertherst, in 2. ROBERT 1 Ridley's View of Civil Law. 1 Broughton's Dictionary of all Religions, vol. i. p. 224. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chancellors.) 3 2. ROBERT BE WORTH, 1339. He is called also Canon of Salisbury, in a Commission, issued by Bishop Montacute for hearing an Appeal against the Election of a Chancellor for the University of Cambridge, A. J). 1339. And again in the appointment of a Master for the Hospital of St. John, in Ely, dated April 12, 1344. 3. THOMAS DE STAUNTON, 1345. Precentor of Salisbury in the same year, which he exchanged with John de la Chaumbre, Rector of Tyd St. Giles', in the Isle of Ely for that living, to which he was inducted June 1, 1347. 4. RICHARD NOREYS, 1346. We find a Commission addressed to him by Bishop L'Isle, as his Chancellor, dated Downham, May 12, A. D. 1346. 1 He was at that time Canon of Exeter, and was appointed by Bishop L'Isle to be one of his Proxies in a Convocation held in that year at St. Paul's. In 1349, the bishop being then at Rome, sent over a commission, appointing a fresh num- ber of persons to be added to his former Vicars General, in case of the death of any of them, in consequence of a violent epidemical disease, then raging in the diocese. He also occurs as Chancellor to Bishop L'lsle in 1353. 2 5. JOHN DE OO, 1348. Of the name of this person no satisfactory in- formation can be given ; the most which is known of it, are only two letters, and respecting those there has been a difference of opinion. We find him Chancellor A. D. 1349, in Bishop L'Isle's Register, where he is called Canon of Hereford. 3 6. THOMAS DE WORMENHALE, 1375. He was collated by John de Oo, the Bishop's Vicar General, to the Mastership of the Hospital of St. John, at Wis- beach, a second time, January 23, 1349, 4 and in 1351, on a dispute concerning a pension due from Peter-house College to the Vicar of Triplowe in Cambridgeshire, which came before the Bishop of Ely, as Ordinary, he was chosen a Referee for the Master of the College, and gave his consent to the Bishop's determination. — In 1375, 28th of October, he attended as Chancellor to Bishop Arundell, at the Consecration of Henry Wakefield Bishop of Worcester, in the Chapel at Hatfield. He 1 Regist. L'Tsle, foil. 61. 2 Ibid, 21, a. 3 Mr. Cole, who speaks of him as John de C. or John de CC. remarks, "Among the Canons of Hereford, whose names begin with these letters at that time were John Catesby, who resigned a Prebend in that Cathedral in 1389; John de Charnelas, Chancellor of that Cathe- dral in 1341 ; John de la Chambre, Treasurer there in 1331 ; and John de Corcoralo, Canon of Hereford, in 1338. As our Chancellor most frequently is stiled in the Registers J. de C. C. it is not unlikely it may mean the last ; and in confirmation of that conjecture, in some places he is called John de Co. However this is all guess-work ; but it is certain that he had his dwelling in Cambiidge in 1349, and the year follow- ing is stiled Chancellor." Blomejield and Martin, in their separate Histories of Thetford, both agree in calling him John de Ee. Mr. Bentham, whom, from his great attention to the minutias of every extract he made, we can hardly conceive capable of having erred in this instance, has in a great variety of places spoken of him as John de Oo, and from our confidence in his general accuracy, we are the more readily in- clined to follow him in the present instance. * Ibid, 35 a. B 2 4 SUPPEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chancellors.) He was afterwards Canon of Chichester, and stiled " Utriusque juris inceptor." — He died, Master of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, A. D. 1381, in which office he was succeeded by John Newton, LL. D. 1 7. STEPHEN DE HOUDEN, 1398. He was present at the obedience made by the Archdeacon to the Bishop of Ely, in 1388, and was then Rector of Wald- neuton, in the Diocese of Lincoln ; in the same year he is styled Canon of the Col- legiate Church of Langchestre, in the Diocese of Durham, and in 1397, Rector of Reseburgh, in the Diocese of Lincoln. By Letters dated Somersham, April 20, A. D. 1398, he is commissioned, as Chancellor to Bishop Fordham, to appoint a Celarer in the Monastery at Ely? 8. JOHN METFELD, 1404. October 25, 1389, Bishop Fordham made him (being then L. B.) Custos, or Master of the Free Chapel or Hospital of St. Mary Magdalen, of Sterebrige, near Cambridge f which, however, he soon resigned, we believe, in consequence of his being presented to the Rectory of Pulham, Nor- folk, in 1390, 4 for, January 24, 1391, the Bishop gave the same Hospital to Tho- mas de Patesley; but on his resignation for the Church of Tyd St. Giles, the 29th of the same month, Mr. JYIetfeld was again collated to it, being then LL. B. 5 which he again resigned, and was a third time collated to it, February 8, A. D. 1395, oa the resignation of John Wynkeperie. 6 The Bishop presented him to East Dere- ham, in Norfolk, July 21, 1396. 7 And in 1400 he resigned the Mastership again, on his being presented by the Bishop to the Rectory of Terrington in the Diocese of Norwich, calling him " Consanguineum nostrum"* In 1403, he was again col- lated to the Mastership of Sterebrige Hospital, 9 which he exchanged in 1407, for the Mastership of the Free Chapel of St. Radegund, in the Crypts of St. Paul's Cathedral, in London. 10 On the 9th of August, in the same year, the Bishop col- lated him to the Rectory of Leverington, in the Isle of Ely, 11 and on the 20th of October following, he was finally, and for the fifth time, admitted master of Stere- brige Chapel. 12 — Bishop Fordham'sb&d health, and bodily infirmities, prevented his attending a Convocation held at Oxford, the 28th of November, 1408, 13 when Mr. JWetfeld (then titled "Licentiatus utroque jure et Cancellarius") was deputed jointly with Mr. Wm. Midelton, Archdeacon of Buckyngham, and Dr. Judde, the Bishop's Official, to act as Procurators at the same. 14 In 1408, he attended with other 1 Resist. L'Isle, fol. 39, a. * Regist. Fordham, fol. 189, b. 3 Ibid. 20, a. * Ibid. 24, a. 5 Ibid. 30, a. c Ibid.53,a. ?Ibid.53,a. 8 Ibid. 79, b. " Ibid. 83, b. 10 Ibid. 99, a. ]1 Ibid. 101. 12 Ibid. 104. 13 lie was in that year present at the veiling of Alice Thurgarton, in the Bishop's Oratory, at Downham ; ■where she received the Mantle and Ring from the Bishop ; who, after high mass, said by himself, admi- nistered to her the Vow of Chastity, in the following words: — "I, Alice Thurgarton, avowe perpetuele Chastite, in the presince of you honourable Fadre in God Sir Johan, bi G odes Grace, Byshop of Ely, anil bctrote to lyve stablish in this avowe. And in witnessc ther of, I with myn owne hande make my signe benethc." »* Kegist. Fordham, p. 166, a. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chancellors.) 5 other " Viri literati," at a Convocation held at St. Pauls, July the 23d, to con- sider of proper means for settling the peace and unity of the Church. 1 He was also one of the Procurators for the Clergy at the Convocation held at St. Pauls the 14th of January, 1409, " de scismatis Ecclesia*," Stc* And the 27th of May, A. D. 1411, we find him specially deputed by the Bishop, under the titles of " Utriusquc juris Doctor, Archdeacon of Ely, Chancellor and Commissary," to try and determine a dispute between the Patrons of the Church of Swaveseye, and Mr. Wm. Penreth; whose presentation, admission, institution, and induction to the same he annulled. 3 In his will, which is dated February 24, 1411, he desired to be buried in Ely, if he died near it. 9. JOHN STOKES, LL. D. 1444. In Bishop Fordham's Register, page 194, A. D. 1402, we find a licence granted to John Stokes, Principal of St. Edmund's Hostle, in Cambridge, and the Scholars therein, to have mass celebrated in their Oratory, or Chapel, for three years ; this licence was renewed for the same term in 1405, but we think those dates too early for this Chancellor ; and the same doubts apply to John Stokes, Rector of Ashtede, in the Diocese of Winchester, who was ordained a Subdeacon by Bishop Fordham's Suffragan ( John Episcopus Stephanensis ), July 7, 1422. In Bishop Dourgchier's Register, (folio 3, a.) is the form of Institution of Doctor Stokes, then Chancellor, to the Archdeaconry of Ely, upon the death of Robert Withcryngset, dated from Ely House, March 15, 1444. 4 10. ROBERT THWAITES, 1457. Rector of Terrington, in Norfolk, and Vicar of Boreham, in Essex; to the former of which he was presented by Bishop Gray, January, 4, 1454, who also collated him to the living of Cottenham, in Cambridgeshire, December 14, 1456. In the following year he was commissioned by the Bishop to install Brother William Myall, Lord Abbot of Thorney. He died in 1458. 5 11. JOHN ROUCLIF, ROWCLIF, ROCLYFF, or ROUCLYFFE, LL. D. 1466. In August, 1466, he was presented to the Rectory of Terrington, in Norfolk, upon the death of Alexander Woderyngton, Bishop Gray's Grandson. 6 He was also Rector of Shelford Parva, near Cambridge. In 1473, he was returned with John Warkworth, S. T. B. by the Fellows of St. Peter's College, to the Bishop of Ely, for him to elect one of them Master of that College ; his appointment fell upon the latter. He attended the Convocation at St. Paul's, February 9, 1474, as Proctor. 7 12. JAMES HUTTON, LL. D. 1486. The 17th of December, 1486, he was Chancellor to, and attended the Installation of Bishop Alcock, 8 who gave him the Vicarage of Linton, in Cambridgeshire, April 14, 1487. 9 He was Proctor for the Clergy 1 Resist. Fordham, folio 168, b; 2 Ibid. 171, b. 3 Ibid. 208, b. * Vide Archdeacons. 5 Blomefield's Norfolk, vol. ix. p. 96. 6 Kegist. Gray, fol. 61, b. 7 Ibid. fol. 170, a. 8 Regist. Alcock, p. 3. 9 Ibid. p. 9. e. () SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chancellors.) Clergy of this Diocese at the Convocations held at St. Paul's, February 13, 1487 1 , and January 14, 1488. 2 He was also a Justice of Peace for the Isle of Ely? and died A. D. 1490. 13. WILLIAM DOUGHTY, LL. B. 1499. Of the Diocese of York, was or- dained Acolite, March 1, 1487; Subdeacon, the twenty-second of the same month; Deacon in April, 1488; and Priest in May following, when he was Chap- lain to Bishop Alcock, by whom he was collated to the Vicarages of Terrington and Wisbeach.* In 1497, he is mentioned as Master of the Free Chapel of our Lady super costeram maris, at JVewton, in the Isle of Ely, which he resigned in 1498; and in 1500, was collated to the Rectory of Elm cum Emneth, in this Diocese. 4 He was Chancellor to Bishop Alcock in 1490 and 1500. 5 14. WILLIAM THORNBURGH, LL. D. 1503. He was in 1498, collated to the Mastership or Custody of the Chapel of our Lady super costeram maris, at JVewton. He was Rector of Keleshull, in Lincolnshire, and of Walpole, in Nor- folk, the former living he resigned in 1499, and the latter in 1525, in which year he died. In his will, dated August 4, 1525, he directs his body to be buried without the Chapel at Newton, before the window, in which is depicted the Image of our Lady, and bequeaths all the lands purchased by himself to the said Chapel for ever, (upon condition that his successor demands no dilapidations) together with furni- ture for the house and offices, and some plate and vestments. He also bequeathed twenty shillings to the Abbey of Thorney " to be divided by my Lord Abbot, for a Mass and Dirge ;" ten shillings to the Abbey of Chateris, for the same purpose ; and, after several other legacies, and requesting the Abbot of Thorney to be his Executor, he concludes by saying, " For I thank God, and our blessed Ladye, I have enowghe, my debtys payde, and sumwhatte besyde." 15. THOMAS ALCOCK, D. D. 1521. He was collated in August, 1483, to the Archdeaconry of Worcester, 6 which he resigned for that of Ely ; he was also a Prebendary of Hereford? 16. ROBERT CLYFFE, LL. D. 1528. He was instituted to the Vicarage of Wisbeach in 1525 ; and was also Rector of Cotenham, near Cambridge} Fiddes, in the appendix to his Life of Cardinal Wolsey, says, he was excommunicated by the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, for an infringement on the privileges of that Uni- versity ; the sentence was withdrawn on Dr. Clyffe's making a proper submission. He died in 1538. 17. WILLIAM MEYE, LL. D. 1534. He acted as proxy to Bishop Good- rich, at his installation in the Cathedral of Ely, May 2, 1533. 9 The Bishop col- lated 1 Regist. Alcock, p. 140, f. « Ibid. p. 163. 3 Tbid. p. 12 and 58. * Blomefield's Norfolk, vol. ix. p. 97. 5 Regist. Alcock, p. 124-135. 6 Green's Worcester, vol. L p. 236. 7 Vide Archdeacons, p. 276. 8 Blomefield's Collect. Cant. p. 245. » Regist. Goodrich, fol. 88, b. OF ELY CATHEDRAL, (chancellors.) 7 lated him to the Church of Balsham, October 17, 1540, on the death of Henri/ My fines} He was a Prebendary and afterwards Dean of St. Paul's ; and was de- prived of all his preferments except his Prebendal Stall in this Church by Queen Mary. He was restored to them by Queen Elizabeth, 2 who nominated him to the See of York, but his death in 1560 prevented his consecration. His tomb was destroyed by the great fire in 1666. The epitaph and further particulars of him may be seen in the list of Prebendaries, p. 247. His arms, as they are emblazoned in a MS. Roll of the Masters of Queen's College, are, Sable ; a Fess Argent be- tween two Lions, passant regardant, Or ; which he probably made choice of in compliment to his patron, Bishop Goodrich, who bore the same coat with little variation . 18. THOMAS SMITH, LL. D. 1545. He 3 was born at Saffron Walden, in Essex, in 1514. He was admitted at the early age of twelve years a Scholar in Queen's College, Cambridge , 4 where he became so eminent for his learning, that Henry VIII. chose him one of his Scholars, and allowed him a yearly pension. — In 1531 he was made Fellow of that College; in 1535 he was appointed Greek Lecturer (on which occasion he endeavoured to introduce a new method of reading that language), and in the following year Public Orator to the University. In 1539 he went abroad for improvement in the foreign languages, and was admitted LL. D. in the University of Padua ; 5 on his return to England, he received the same honour at Cambridge, and was elected Regius Professor in that faculty. — In 1545 he was instituted to the Rectory of Leverington, and soon after was ap- pointed Dean of Carlisle. 6 He resigned the Rectory of Leverington in 1549. 7 — In 1548 he was appointed Secretary of State, and created a Knight ; and in the same year went with Mr. Chamberlayne, as Ambassador to Brussels. In 1551 he was one of those employed in the great and splendid embassy to Henry II. of France, to treat of a marriage between that King's eldest daughter and King Ed- ward 1 Regist. Goodrich, fol. 25, b. 2 Mr. Cole says, " By some printed accounts it looks as if he con- formed under the reign of Queen Mary; it being said that in 1557 he was made Rector of Pulham, in Norfolk, and had other preferments ; but in my opinion that is a mistake, although in Bishop Thirlby y s Register, that Bishop is said on 3d of December, 1557, by one of his Commissaries, to admit Ven. Viruni Mrum William Meye, L. D. &c. to the Rectory of Long Stanton, St. Michael's, in Cambridgeshire, but on a resignation, in 1571, of that Rectory, the Resigner is called S. T. P. at which time our Dr. Meye had been many years dead : so that I should suppose the former entry a mistake ; but waving this supposition, it is by no means probable that a person who had been so remarkably active in the Reformation under King Edward, who had been one of the compilers of the first Liturgy in 1549, and a corrector or revisor of the third in 1559, and at the accession of Queen Elizabeth, was made choice of to fill the Archiepiscopal Chair of York, would have complied so barefacedly under her sister. But what puts this matter beyond all sort of doubt, i& a fact recorded by Mr. Strype in his Annals of the Reformation, vol. 1, p. 200, where he says that Dr. Meye left behind him a daughter at his death in 1560, aged about seven years ; so that it is by no means likely that a married Priest should be preferred in that reign, when the married Clergy were all dispossessed of their benefices, merely upon that account." 3 Biog. Brit. * Strype's Life of Sir T. Smith. 5 Fuller's Worthies in Essex. 6 Willis's Cathedrals, vol. 1, p. 302. 7 Regist. Goodrich, fol. 86, b. 8 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY, (chancellors.) ward VI. 1 In the reign of Queen Mary, his partiality to the Protestant Religion exposed him to persecution : he was deprived of all his preferments, and commanded not to leave the kingdom. On the accession of Queen Elizabeth he was reinstated in his offices, and was employed in revising and amending the Book of Common Prayer. He was afterwards engaged in several embassies to the Court of France. In April 1572, whilst he was abroad, the Queen conferred on him the dignity of Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, and in June following, he was constituted Secretary of State on the resignation of Lord Burghley. In 1575 he procured an Act of Parliament for the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and the two Colleges of Eton and Winchester, importing that in all College Leases, a third part, at least, of the old rent should be reserved and paid in corn, that is to say, good wheat at the rate of six shillings and eightpence the quarter, or under, and malt at five shillings the quarter, or under. " The Politick Knight," says Fuller, " took the advantage of the present cheap year, knowing hereafter grain would grow dearer, and mankind daily multiplying, and licence being lately legally given for trans- portation." 2 He died in August 1577 in the 66th year of his age, and was buried in the Chancel of the Church of Mount Theydon, in Essex, where a handsome monument (on which are his Effigies in a cumbent posture) is erected to his me- mory. This Epitaph is given by Mr. Willis, vol. 2, p. 303, of his Cathedrals. — He bequeathed his Latin and Greek Books to the Library of Queen's College, and also a large Globe made by himself. There is a half-length Portrait of him, dressed in a fur cloak, and leaning on a globe, in the Hall of this College. 19. JOHN FULLER, LL. D. 1554. He was at the same time a Prebendary of the Fifth Stall.— Vide p. 253. 20. THOMAS ITHELL, LL. D. 1564. He was the second son of Pierce It hell, of Billesdon, in Leicestershire, by Margaret his wife, daughter of George Cur- wen, of Cunven Hall, in Lancashire, Esq. and grandson of David Ithell, Esq. of Wales. In 1562 he was a Proctor for the Clergy of the diocese of Ely in the Con- vocation which established the Articles of the Church of England, for the Rites and Ceremonies of which, as established by Edward VI. he was a zealous advo- cate, and warmly defended them against those persons who were anxious to abolish them, and wished to reduce the Church of England to the discipline of that at Geneva. In 1572, he was one of the Heads of Colleges in Cambridge that Dering complained of in a letter to Secretary Cecil, as an enemy to God's Gospel, and so faint a Professor, that he did little good in the Church. But notwithstanding his former activity in regard to the establishment of the Articles of Religion, and the Reformation of King Edward, his zeal for that Church became at last to be suspected in the University, on account of his brother, who was a Missionary from Louvain, and established at Cambridge, where, on his endeavours to convert some of the Scholars, 1 Strype's Annals. 2 Fuller's Hist, of Camb. University, p. 144. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chancellors.) 9 Scholars, he was taken up, and committed to the care of his brother at Caius Col- lege, who permitted him to make his escape. 1 In 1575 he was appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury to draw up a new form of statutes for the government of St. John's College, Cambridge. — See Prebendaries of the Second Stall, p. 244. 21. RICHARD BRIDGE WATER, LL. D. 1579. He was educated at Eton School, from whence he removed in 1555 to King's College, Cambridge, and was Senior Proctor of the University in 1573. In 1569, when the visitors were at King's College to examine into the conduct of Provost Baker, who was a rigid Catholic, and whose conduct had been complained of some years before, Dr. Bridgewater presented fresh articles of complaint against him, and at the issue of it, the Provost seeing no hopes of being able to continue in his office, rather chose to resign, and quitted the College in a very honourable manner. Dr. Bridge- water was a very good scholar, and wrote an excellent poem in Greek, on the death of Dr. Nicholas Carr, which is published at the end of Dr. Carr's " Trans- lation of the Orations of Demosthenes." In 1572 he presented to the Library of King's College, Plutarch's Lives, printed at Paris in 1558 ; and at his death be- queathed to the College the manor of Bovilles, in Essex, worth, at that time, forty pounds per annum, for an augmentation of the livery money to the Fellows and Scholars. 2 Bishop Cox collated him in August, 1575, to the Rectory of Elm cum Emneth. He died Chancellor of Ely, 1587, and is buried in King's College Chapel, but there is no monument or inscription to his memory. 22. Sir RICHARD SWALE, LL. D. 1606. Fellow of Jesus College, Cam- bridge, in 1571, and was probably removed to Cuius College by Dr. Legge, on account of his attachment to the Roman Catholic Religion, for which this College was remarkable, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth. It is also most likely that he was the person meant, though his Christian name is not recorded, whom Arch- bishop Sandys mentions in a letter which he wrote to Secretary Cecil, complain- ing of Dr. Legge, for breeding up the youth in his College in Popish principles, and adding, " sundry of which he assigns over to the care of one Swayle, of the same house also ; by whom the youth of this country (the North) are corrupted ; so that at their return to their parents, they are able to dispute in defence of Popery, and few of them will repair to the Church." — Notwithstanding this cha- racter of him, we find him employed in his profession as Doctor of Laws, by the celebrated and pious Protestant Prelate Archbishop Whitgift, to whom he was Commissary and Delegate several years. He was also the Rector of Elm cum Emneth, a Master in Chancery, Doctor in the Court of Arches, and a benefactor to Caius College. May 28, 1606, he voluntarily resigned the office of Chan- cellor to Bishop Heton, at Ely-House, 3 and died A. D. 1608. 4 23. WILLIAM 1 Strype's Annals, vol. I, p. 320, 337, 373. vol. 2, p. 493. 2 Which is withheld from them. 3 Regist. Heton.— Literae patentes, Collationes, &c. * Regist. Heton. C 10 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chancellors.) 23. WILLIAM GAGER, LL. D. 1606. He was educated at Oxford;' and in 1619, acted as Proxy for the Archdeacon of Canterbury, at the installation of Bishop Felton, in the Cathedral at Eli/. The Commission appointing him Chan- cellor and Vicar General for the Diocese, to Bishop Heton, "pro termino vitce," is dated at Ely-Place, May 29th, 1606. 2 24. THOMAS GOADE, LL. D. 1646. Born at Shaw, near Windsor, May 13, 1599. He was educated at Eton, from whence he removed to King's College, Cambridge, 1611, where he proceeded A. M. in 1617, and in 1618 & 1620, was Logic Reader in the University. In 1629, he was Senior Proctor, and the following year was created Doctor in Civil Law, and King's Professor in that Faculty, in the University. In 1630 he was an advocate in the Court of Arches, and Official of Ely and St. Alban's. Soon after this he quitted King's College, where he was Vice Provost, and settled in Cambridge, having married the daughter of Edmund Woodhall, formerly a Fellow of the same Society, and then Principal Registrar of the Prerogative Court. In 1660, Bishop Wren made him his Chancellor, at the Restoration, in which capacity he appears to have acted for the same Bishop, both at Ely and Norwich, before the breaking out of the Rebellion. For Bishop Wren, in his learned defence of himself, which is published in the " Parentalia, or Memoirs of the Family of the Wrens," gives this honourable testimony of him, and a few others by name, (p. 106.) in justification of his not being Popishly in- clined, or endeavouring to introduce novelties and innovations into the Church. And "he further saith, that he believeth there was not a visitation, either Metropolitical or Diocesan, held in that Diocese, ( Norwich ) or in any other of this Province, which in the memory of man, by Commissioners more for number, or more worthy for quality or good esteem, than those persons were, which he employed for his primary Visitation." "He was esteemed," (says Lloyd, in his memoirs, p. 594.) " a great Civilian, and was much in the friendship of Archbishop Laud, and a great sufferer in the times of rebellion, for not coming into the measures of the domineering party ; which at first setting out, was not so perfect in the art of per- secution, being more vague and favourable in their language of subscriptions ; but afterwards they grew so punctual and particular therein, that the persons to whom they were tendered must either strangle their consciences with the acceptance, or lose their estates for their refusal thereof." And this was the case of our Dr. Goade, who suffered much in his fortunes on that account. He died at the Great House in St. Radegund's Lane, opposite Jesus College, in June, 1666, and was buried in the parish church of Granchester, near Cambridge, on the 11th of that month; his daughter Grace being the wife of John Byng, Esq. of that village. 3 25. ROBERT 'Wood's Afhenae. 2 Regist Heton. 3 Mr. Cole, whom we followed, observes, "My authority for putting him down Official and Chancellor of Ely is from a manuscript account of the Members of King's College ; OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chancellors.) 11 25. ROBERT KING, LL. D. On the 16th of January, 1628, being then A. M. of Trinity Hall, he was sworn and admitted a Proctor in the Bishop of Ely's Consistorial Court by Dr. Eden ; on whose death in 1645, that Society made choice of him for their Master, October 28th, in the same year, being then LL. D. But his principles not agreeing with the notions of the Governors of those times, he was deprived of that office in March following. In Bishop Wren's Register is the copy of a Letter addressed to him as Chancellor to that Bishop, " touching a Lecture to be set up in Trinity Church, Cambridge, and the appointment of weekly preachers," dated May 18, 1660. August 20th following he was restored to the Mastership. September 9, 1661, he is addressed by the same title, respect- ing " the Commission for a free present to the King." The same year he was Vicar General and Principal Official to the Bishop, who also granted or confirmed him in those offices by Patent, dated December 10, 1662. And he was appointed to the Chancellorship of the Diocese by Bishop Laney, and a Commission was issued to him and others to visit the Diocese, A. D. I674. 1 He died, November 6, 1 676, in the seventy-sixth year of his age, and was buried in the south side of the College Chapel, within the rails of the Communion table, under a black marble slab. 2 26. WILLIAM COOKE, LL. D. 1677. A native of Yorkshire; admitted a Sizar in Jesus College, Cambridge, April 24, 1648, where he became a Fellow, in 1660 and being A. M. January 2, 1665, he was admitted a Proctor in the Bishop of Ely's Consistorial Court, by Bishop Wren, at Wilberton, in the Rec- torial House there, where his Son Thomas Wren was resident as Archdeacon ; but he was not then sworn in, which was deferred to some day before February 23. Accordingly, on the fifteenth of that month, he performed that part of the ceremony before the Bishop, at which time he took the oaths of supremacy and allegiance to the King, and of reverence to the Governors ( Prcepositis ) of the Consistorial Court College; for there is no mention made of him in any of the Registers of Ely which I have seen ; however, from the corroborating circumstance of Bishop Wren's justification, I think there can be no doubt about it. Mr. Wood, in his short account of him in his Fasti, vol. I. p. 206, has blended two persons of the same name and college together. I do not mention this to depreciate that work in any respect, than which there cannot be a better, and I rather wonder that there are so few mistakes in a work of that vast compass : though I am apt to suspect Mr. Wood is more exact in the date of his incorporation in 1617, which would coincide better with the time of his admission into the University than 1618, the time fixed for his taking his Master's degree in our College manuscript, but this is of little importance." Dr. Thomas Goade was one of the Divines sent to the Synod of Dort, and Son of Provost Goade. 1 Regist. Laney. 2 With these arms at the head, which are thus blazoned in one of the windows of the Master's Lodge ; Sable; a Lion rampant a la Queue furchee, Argent ; under the arms is the following Epitaph : Hie diem supremu praestolatur Robertus King, LL. D. Eliensis Cancell. expertissinfs hujus Coll. nuper Custos dignissimus Obiit Nov. 6. An o Salutis, 1676. iEtatis sua? 76. C2 12 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY, (chancellors.) Court, in doing nothing by design, to its prejudice or disadvantage. December 2, 1676, Bishop Gunning appointed him jointly with Dr. Spencer to exercise the offices of Vicar General and Official Principal. 1 He was LL. D. and in 1677 was Chancellor of Ely, April 26th ; the same year, he was appointed Vicar General and Official Principal by Bishop Gunning, to which offices he was admitted the last day of July, 1679 ; and in 1685 he is stiled Vicar General and Principal Official to Bishop Turner, and acted in the same capacity to Bishop Patrick, in 1705. He was many years President of Jesus College, and Rector of Harleton near Cam- bridge. Pie died in the College, October 24, 1707, aged 74 years, and was buried in the Chapel there. 2 27. JAMES JOHNSON, LL. D. 1711. He was educated in St. Paul's School, and from thence he removed to Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he was elected a Fellow, and to which he is considered a benefactor. July 31, 1711, he was ap- pointed Vicar General and Official Principal to Bishop Moore. He was one of the Six Assessors chosen by the Bishop to hear the fifty-four Articles of Accusation, brought against Dr. Bentley, as Master of Trinity College, by the Fellows, April 22, 1714, for Dilapidation of the Goods and Violation of the Statutes of the said College. And, in the entry of that proceeding he is styled " Chancellor of Ely." In his epitaph he is also styled Chancellor of Ely, and Master of the Faculties. He was remarkably and passionately fond of the diversion of fishing, and for that purpose had a house built close by the river side at Hemingford, in Huntingdonshire, where he could with ease indulge himself in that innocent amusement. He died a bachelor at the age of fifty-five years, being terribly afflicted with the stone, on the third of February, 1727, and was buried in the Church of Hemingford Grey, where his niece erected to his memory an elegant mural 1 In Bishop Gunning's Register, his appointment to the office of Vicar General and Official is dated April 26, 1677; and the patent appointing him to those offices for life is dated the last day of July, 1679. These particulars are chiefly from Mr. Cole's MSS. 2 His Monument has this Inscription : M. S. Gulielmi Cooke, LL. D. Cancellarii Eliensis, Rectoris de Harleton, Praesidis Coll. Jesu ; Viri inter primos pii, eruditi, mimifici et in quem cseterze Virtutes, quae eximios quosq. solent ornare, ccede- bant omnes : Sexagenarius erat hujus iEdis et Academiae Honos, totius Comitatus qua civilis Judex, Dio- ceseos qua Ecclesiasticus, Amor et Oraculum, Patriae et Principi profuit, in Causis unius Fori, Ecclesia? et Episcopo; in Causis alterius, Procancellario erat a Latere in omnibus, quibus affici poterat aut adjuvari ha?c Respublica literaria : In Re Theologica apprime instructus ; Fidem, Doctrinam, Pietatem, Ritus Prima^vos, asseruit strenue et excoluit ; Praeses unanimi Suffragio annuatim electus, Provinciam suam summa Laude sustinuit ornavitq. ; cum enim non magis Auctoritate quam Gratia valebat, quos haec ad virtutem et studia cogere vix potuit, ilia non raro alexit. Obiit vir optimus Octobris, 24,° 1707. ML 74. OF ELY CATHEDRAL, (chancellors.) 13 mural Monument of white marble, richly adorned with a variety of carving of fruits and flowers. At the top of the monument are his arms ; Argent, a Fess embattled between three Lions Heads erased Gules ; and crowned, Or. 1 28. WHARTON PECK, LL. D. 1727. Son of John Peck and Sarah his wife. He was born at Norwich, and educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, of which College 1 Beneath the Arras is the following Inscription; M. S. Jacobi Johnson, LL. D. Cancellarii Eliensis, Magistri ad Facultates, Aulae Trin : apud Cantab : Socii : Vivido Ingenio, peracri judicio, Luculento Oratione, politiori Humanitate, Suavissiraisq Moribus exornati : E Cathedra Jns Civile profitentis, Sententiarum Gravitatem, Verborum pondera, Vocis Jucunditatem, venustumq totiu : Corporis gestura ; Praesertim vero singulas, pro Re nata, Controversias Dijudicatis Acumen, Sine Satietate suspiciebant Academici, et admirabantur. Vixit humani Generis Deliciae, Sibi Cognatione junctorum amantissimus, Amicis Sodalibusq egregie fidelis ; Indigentibus benigne fecit; Omnibus deniq omnium Ordinum Hominibus adeo facilem, adeo benevolum, adeo humanum se praestitit, ut nihil supra. Ccelebs obiit, diris Calculi Cruciatibus confectus : omnibus sane flebilis, nullis vero flebilior quam Hemingfordiensibus : Hei nimium, nimiumq infaalicibus Hemingfordiensibus Sibi Beneficorum facillime Principem tam brevem sortitis. Aulam Trin : apud Cantab : haud ingrato donavit Dono. Hujusce Ecclesiae neutiquam oblitus. Wenefridam Head, ex Sorore neptem Filiolae Loco dilexit, parvulam suscepit, libere eduxit, scripsitq tandem ex Asse Heredem : Quae hoc Marmor, qualecunq est, Pietatis Ergo maerens posuit. Fato cessit (Annum agens LV.) Tertio Nonas Feb : Ano Dni MDCCXXVII. On a large free stone, underneath the Monument, on the north side of the Chancel, by the rails of the Altar, is this further Inscription : Underneath this Stone lieth interred the body of James Johnson, LL. D. Ob: 3. Febr: 1727. ;Etat. 55. SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (vicars gen.) College he afterwards became a Fellow. On the 7th February, 1727 he was ap- pointed Vicar General and Principal Official of the Diocese, by Bishop Greene. — In 1754 he was Commissary to the Archdeacon of Norwich, and Deputy Chan- cellor of that Diocese. 29. WILLIAM COMPTON, LL. D. 1777. " Of Cuius College, Cambridge, admitted in the Commons, November s, 1763. After long practice he retired from the Commons and passed many years on the Continent, acting by proxy as Chan- cellor of Ely. He retains in the decline of life the vivacity of youth." 1 VICARS GENERAL. 2 Hugh DE SETON was appointed Vicar General by the Archbishop of Can- terbury, during the vacancy of the See, 1345 ; and in page 47 of Bishop L'Isle's Register he is styled so, the same year, in the injunctions issued to the Master and Brethren of St. John's Hospital, at Ely, July 21. He was also Canon of Exeter. ALAN DE WALSINGHAM, Prior of Ely ; JOHN, Prior of Bernwell ; JOHN DE OO ; WILLIAM DE PECHAM ; and EDMUND DE GUNVILLE, were appointed to this office by Bishop L'Isle, A. D. 1348. 3 Various biographical notices of Prior Walsingham, will be found in the first vol. of this work, and what little could be obtained respecting John de Oo, in the preceding list of Chancellors, page 3. In Bishop L' Isle's Register, fol. 18, mention is made of William de Pe- cham, in the form for founding a Chantry in the Monastery of the Virgin in Anglesey e, A. D. 1348, and in 1349 he was collated to the Rectory of Ditton, by Prior Alan, May 28. That Rectory appears by the same Register to have been vacant 1 Coate's Catalogue of English Civilians, p. 127. published 1804. 2 This is now the title of an office, which, as well as that of Official Principal, is united in the Chancellor of the Diocese. Mr. Gibson, in his Tracts, p. 108, defines the duty of a Vicar General to be the exercise and administration of jurisdiction purely spiritual, by the authority and under the direction of the Bishop ; such as visitations, correction of manners, granting institutions, &c. with a general inspection of men and things, in order to the good government of the Church. The following extract from a letter written by Bishop Sherlock to Dr. Thomas, in return to an enquiry made by that Prelate respecting the office, will be found in Nash's Worcestershire. " The account from your Register at Worcester agrees with those I have had from Canterbury, Lincoln, Bath and Wells ; and from my own at Sdram. From all which, it is plain that, Vicars General were not stated officers to the Bishop till about the time of the Reformation ; and that it was even much later before they had patents for life confirmed by Dean and Chapter ; and there is great reason to doubt whether the patents so confirmed are good for more than the Bishop's life who granted them." 3 To account for so many persons being named to the Office in this and the succeeding year, it will be proper to observe, that Bishop IS Isle was abroad, upon business for the King, as well as for his own con- cerns, and likely to remain there for some time. He therefore appointed the five persons here mentioned, " being desirous," as the Commission expresses it, w that, during his absence, all things should be performed with justice, relating to his episcopal jurisdiction." And he ordered that four, three, or two of them, of which Prior John was to be one, should be competent to act. The commission is dated at Jeneueye, October 1st, 1348. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (vicars gen.) 15 vacant the 18th of June following, but no mention is made of the death or resigna- tion of the incumbent. Edmund de Gunville or Gonville, left a large sum for the finishing and endowing of the Hall at Cambridge, originally called after him ; which, being founded and endowed a second time, and advanced into a College, by Dr. Cuius, has since assumed his name. Edmund de Gonville was pre- sented by Bishop Montacute to the Rectory of Terrington, in the Diocese of Nor- ivich, A.D. 1342, and died 1351. RICHARD NOREYS, Canon of Exeter; JOHN THURSTEYN, Canon of Salisbury; and NICHOLAS DE CAMBRIDGE, Rector of Cottenham, were added to the above in 1349. 1 JOHN DE OO, As Vicar General to Bishop L'Isle, received the canonical obedience of Roger Harleton, Official to the Archdeacons of Ely, Aug. 23, 1350. HUGH DE SETON, 1355. Who served this office also in 1345. THOMAS DE WORMENHALE. The commission appointing him Vicar General to Bishop Arundell is dated at Hatfield, July 8th, A. D. 1375. He was then Canon of Salisbury and Chancellor of Ely. — Vide Chancellors, p. 3. THOMAS DE BAKETON is addressed as Vicar Spiritual for the City and Diocese of Ely, in an injunction dated from Cambridge, Sept. 28, 1388. JOHN BLUDWELL, or BLODWELL, LL. D. 1439. He occurs as Vicar General to Bishop Lu.cemburgh, who, on being made Cardinal Bishop, appointed him administrator of the temporalities of this See ; and by virtue of that office he presented to the Rectory of Hadstock, in 1439. He was collated in 1433 to the Prebend of Warham, in the Church of Hereford, which he resigned in 1441, on being made Dean of St. Asaph. He was also Rector of Balsham, which, when he grew old and blind, he resigned, reserving a pension, and convenience for resi- dence during his life. He lies buried in the nave of Balsham Church, beneath a large grey marble slab, almost entirely covered with brass. 2 In the middle of it, under an arch embattled, is a priest, in an extraordinary rich cope, with a border of lion's heads erased, in ovals, and roses upon it ; and two angels with six wings, subscribed Michael and Gabriel, down the sides of it ; five saints in nimbi, with crosiers, one of them with a cross patonce piercing a dragon, and a female saint with a wheel ; and on the pillars supporting the canopy are eight more, St. John the Baptist, with a lamb ; Peter, with keys and book ; Bishop Asaph, with a crosier, and hand elevated ; Bridget, with a book and crosier ; St. John the Evan- gelist, with a cup and palm-branch ; Andrew, with a cross and book ; Bishop Nicholas, with a crozier and hand elevated. Mr. Blomefield mentions Winifred, with 1 The Bishop continuing abroad the following year, by a Commission, dated at Rome, April 9th, added these three persons to the former, lest some or all of them might have fallen victims to the plague then vio- lently raging in England, and after observing that " it is sometimes very difficult for two persons to agree in one opinion," he gives full power and authority to the Prior of Bernwell to fill up all vacant Benefices and Offices. 2 Gough's Monuments. 10 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (vicars gen.) with a crosier and sword. On each side of the head is a shield, but they are so much worn as to prevent their being decyphered. 1 JOHN STOKES, or STOKYS, LL. D. Bishop Bourgchier's commission ap- pointing Dr. Stokes his Vicar General, is dated from Ely-House, Holbourne, the last day of February, 1443. 2 He was Proctor with Mr. John Harnham, at the Convocation held at St. PauVs, Oct. 19, A. D. 1444, and is then styled, Doctor, and Rector of the Church of Stow cum Quy. 3 — See Chancellors, p. 5. WILLIAM SPALDYNG, LL. B. 1444. He was appointed by the Arch- bishop of Canterbury, in February, 1443, to be one of the keepers of the spiritu- alities in the vacancy of the See of Ely, together with Alexander Prowett, Bache- lor of Canon Law. He was some time Rector of Dry -Dray ton, near Cambridge, which he resigned in 1448. February 7, 1453 he was Proctor for the Clergy for the Ely Diocese, in a Convocation at St. Paul s. In 1454 he was Rector of Stretham, near Ely, and he died in 1458. WILLIAM ROBYNSON was appointed Vicar General by Bishop Alcock, the last day of February, A. D. 1492, when he was stiled LL. D. as appears by that Bishop's Register, page 85. Mr. Cole says, William Robinson was presented to the Rectory of Bradwell juxta Coggeshall, in Essex, May 13, 1473, and resigned it the same year. He was also Rector of Stanton-Massey and Coringham, in the same county. On the 8th November, 1409, he was presented by the Abbot and Convent of St. Alban's to the Rectory of St. Peter's Cheap, in London, and was D. D. when he was presented to Lachingdon, in Essex. He was also Rector of Barley, 1 Round the stone is the following Inscription : Egregius doctor hoc qui sub marmore pausat John Bludwell, longo tempore cecus erat. Hie residens vetulus, dein ecclesie hujus hospes, Cui Deus hospitium sit, requiesque dies. Qui obiit XVI. de mensis Aprilis, Anno d'ni milleno CCCCLXII. Cui Deus eternam dat miserans requiem. Amen. The twelve following, not inelegant verses, are on a plate at his feet : Cambria me genu it, docuit Bononiajura, Praxim Roma dedit, varia quina loqui. Hec tua pompa labor, docuit laus, fama, salutis Vis, genus, era, decor, vana caduca putes. Quid florens etas : Brevis est. Omnis caro fenum. Ignorans metas, curris ad ima senum. Sors pluat ambita, Nichil omni parte beatum Invenit hac vita preter amare Deum. Quem pius orando poscas functo mesereri, Et te non quando consimilem fieri, Ut noscas memores vivos hac lege teneri, Est hodie cineres qui fuit ignis heri. 2 In page 266, Le Neve's Fast, mention is made of John Stofcys Prcecentor. Query, if this was the same person ? 3 Regist. Bourgchier, fol. 64. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (vicars gen.) 17 Barley, in Hertfordshire, Vicar of Littlebury, Essex, and died in 1516. But it is evident he must have mistaken one of the same name for our Vicar General ; otherwise, as the latter mentioned was Rector of St. Peter's Cheap, in 1409, and died in 1516, he must have been at least 130 years old at his death. HENRY RUDDE, LL. D. Vicar General to Archbishop Warham, during the vacancy of the See, in 1501 . He was of the Diocese of Lincoln. LL. B. in 1477, and LL. D. the following year. Bishop Gray admitted him to the Rectory of Weston Colville, in Cambridgeshire, July 30, 1478. Which living he resigned in 1490. 1 WILLIAM FAYRHAYRE, LL. D. 1515. Vicar of both the Churches at Swaffham, in Cambridgeshire, which he resigned in 1519. He acted as Proctor for the Prior and Convent of Ely, in the appropriation of the Church of Eltisley, to Dame Elizabeth Thro gmor ton, Abbess, and to the Nuns of Denny Abbey, A. D. 1512. 2 THOMAS ALCOCK, or ALKOCK, LL. D. In a monition directed to him as Vicar of St. Sepulchre's Church, in Cambridge, for the inhumation of a suicide, he is stiled Vicar General, " Utriusque Juris Doctor." The year and month are omitted, but the copy of the monition is entered in Bishop West's Register, fol. 7, b, under the year I51G. — See Archdeacons, p. 276. WILLIAM MEYE, MAYE, or MAY, LL. D. He was installed Proxy for Bishop Goodrich, A. D. 1533 ; at which time he was Vicar General ; and he occurs in that capacity again August, 1540, when Thomas Pottus was brought before him for saying that " the pyctor of Christe which stood in the roode lofte was not the pyctor of Christe, but the pyctor of the Devell." William Thorneton was accused at the same time of saying that " Christe hathe no Moother, for he said that the Holy Ghoste was bothe his Father and Moother ;" And Humfrey Tur- ner, for saying that " no Children ought to be baptized before they come to their full age that they will desire to be baptized." 3 Dr. JWeye was appointed to visit the University of Cambridge, in the year 1548, together with the Bishops of Ely, Rochester, and others. — See Chancellors, p. 6. THOMAS SMITH, LL. D. Bishop Goodrich appointed him Vicar and Com- missary General and Official, January 20, 1544, 4 and collated him, the following year, to the Rectory of Leverington ; 5 which living he resigned August 26, 1549, being then stiled Miles, and LL. D. 6 — See Chancellors, p. 6. EDWARD LEEDYS or LEEDES, A. M. Richard Parker in his " L x ^rog Can- tabrigiensis," says, he was originally a Monk of Ely. In the entry of Dr. Andrew Pern's admission to the Mastership of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, February 7, A. D. 1553, he is stiled Vicar General. 7 — See Prebendaries, p. 265. JOHN 1 Mr. Cole's MSS. * Ibid. 3 Regist. Goodrich, fol. I and 3, a. * Ibid. fol. 71, b. 5 Ibid. fol. 74, a, * Ibid. fol. 86, b. ? Ibid. fol. 20, b. 18 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (vicars gen.) JOHN FULLER, LL. D. The commission appointing him Vicar General and Official, is dated at " Hampton Conrte," Sept. 14, 1554. 1 He was that year in- stalled proxy for Bishop Thirlby, and the next year he was Proctor for the Clergy, at the convocation held at St. Pauls. — See Prebendaries, p. 253. HENRY HARVEY or HARVYE, LL. D. officiated as deputy for the Arch- deacon of Canterbury, at the installation of Bishop Thirlby, in 1554, being then his Vicar General. 2 He was made a Prebendary of Litchfield the same year ; and on the accession of Queen Elizabeth, he and Edwin Sandys were the only Clergymen, among the Commissioners, nominated to put in force her injunctions for modelling the Reformation. June 30, 1559, he is stiled Vicar General and Official Principal. 3 He greatly improved the road from Cambridge to Stirbitch, which was almost impassable, as Camden informs us "at a vast charge; and continued it with a fair raised causey, about three miles long, leading to New- market." He was also a great benefactor to the town and University of Cambridge. Bishop Wren, in his answer to the inquiries respecting Hospitals, issued by Gil- bert, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1665, reports that " by the policy of Dr. Harvey, the Hospital of St. John and Mary Magdalen, in Ely, was surrendered into the Queen's hands." He was specially appointed Commissioner, with Dr. Yale, to visit the Cathedral Church of Ely} Dr. Harvey was the son of Robert Harvey, of Stobrook, in Suffolk, by Joan his wife. His heir, Lewis Harvey, was son to his elder brother, William Harvey, and father of Robert Harvey, Fel- low of Trinity Hall, LL. D. of Cambridge, and M. D. of Padua. 5 — See Preben- daries, p. 250. EDWARD GASCOINE, LL. D. is stiled Vicar General and Commissary, Oct. 23, A. D. 1562. In the entry of an institution, his name is there written Gascon, 6 and in Le Neve's Fasti, Gasquoyne, where he is stiled Proctor, in 1548. He was also Vicar General, with Miles Spencer, to the Bishop of Norwich, in 1562. 7 — ■ See Prebendaries, p. 260. THOMAS ITHELL, LL. D. was Vicar General to Bishop Cox, and instituted Leonard Nitingale to the Vicarage of Stapleford, 3Iay 7, A. D. 1566. 8 — See Chancellors, p. 8. RICHARD 1 Regist. Thirlby. 2 Ibid. fol. 23, b. 3 Ibid. fol. 38, b. *On this occasion they issued injunctions to the following effect, after they were approved of by Arch- bishop Parker ; — That the Dean, Prebendaries, and their Proctors, neither let or demise, by lease or other grant, any of the possessions of the Church, for longer time than 21 years. — That the Register-book, in which any thing is recorded, that passed under their common seal, or otherwise, belonging to the said Church, be comely and decently bound in one volume. — That they do not seal any thing which is not first registered, and perused, and seen before the company. — That they make a true, full, and perfect inventory of their Plate, Ornaments, Jewels, and other Moveables of the Church, and deliver an indented copy of it within, thirty days following. — That they detain the price of the Bells, and so much of the Crozier and Mitre as. remaineth unspent, together with an account thereof. Lib. MS. Benet Col. Miscel. xx. pag. 241. s Mr. Cole's MSS. 6 Regist. Cox, fol. 141 . ' Blomefield, vol. 3, part 1, p. 633. 8 Regist. Cox, fol. 151, b» OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (vicars gen.) 19 RICHARD BRTDGEWATER was Vicar General, and LL. D. July 10, 1579, 1 and Bishop Cox collated him to Elm cum Emneth, August 9th following. 2 Dr. Swale was admitted to that Rectory, Nov. 23d, 1591 (as the Register expresses it), " upon the death of Dr. Bridgewatcr, the last incumbent." 3 Mr. Cole must therefore be wrong, in saying that he died four years before, viz. 1587. — See Chan- cellors, p. 9. WILLIAM AWBREY was LL. D. and Vicar General to Archbishop Grindall, during the vacancy of the See of Ely, July 27th, A. D. 1581. 4 JOHN COWELL, LL. D. 1598. This learned and eminent Civilian was born in 1554, and was removed from Eton School to King's College, in 1570; in 1585 he was Junior Proctor of the University, and soon after LL. D. In 1598 he was elected Master of Trinity Hall. He was King's Professor of Law; and in 1603 Vice-Chancellor of the University. He was also Vicar-General to Richard Ban- croft, Archbishop of Canterbury, Chancellor of the Diocese of Chichester, and a Practitioner in the Court of Arches. In 1607, he compiled his celebrated Law Dictionary, which so much offended Sir Edward Coke, and the common Lawyers, that they accused him to the King of an attack upon his Majesty's prerogative; not succeeding in this attempt, they brought the matter before the House of Com- mons, complaining of him "as a betrayer of the rights of the people, by asserting that the King was not bound by the laws;" for which they committed him to pri- son, and ordered his book to be publicly burnt. 5 — Notwithstanding a continued series of persecution he published " Institutiones Juris Anglicani," on the plan of Jus- tinian's Institutes. He died in the 60th year of his age October 11, 1611, in con- sequence of an operation for the stone, and was buried in the Chapel of Trinity Hall, under the Altar. 6 SIR RICHARD SWALE. A native of Yorkshire, President of Caius or Bene't College, Cambridge? He was admitted to the Rectory of Elm cum Em- neth, on the presentation of Queen Elizabeth, November 23, 1591, 8 and, being LL. D. in 1601, he was Vicar General and Official Principal. 9 He resigned the office of Vicar General, May 28, A.D. 1606. 10 — See Chancellors, p. 9. WILLIAM 1 Regist. Cox, fol. 175, b. 3 Ibid, fol. 175, b. 3 Regist. Whitgift, fol. 330. This error was discovered too late to be corrected in its proper place. 4 Regist. Grindall, fol. 460. 5 " Memorab. Cantab." 6 His own arras, and those of the College, are on a Brass Plate, fixed on a black marble, and under them this inscription : — Johann. Cowell, Legum Doctor, Custos hujus Collegii, Juris Civilis in Aca- demia hac Cantabrigiensi Professor Regius, Yicarius-Generalis Cantua- riensis Provincial sub Dn~o Ricardo Bancroft Archiepiscopo Cantuarien • si, hie expectat Resurrectionem. Obiit XI. Die Mensis Octobris A°Dni. 1611. » Mr. Cole's MSS. 8 Regist. Whitgift, fol. 330. » Mr. Cole's MSS. 10 Regist. Heton. D 2 •20 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (vicars gen.) WILLIAM GAGER, LL. D. Whose life is given at large in Wood's " Athenae," was Surrogate to Doctor Swale, the Vicar-General, in 1601. May 29, 1606, he was appointed Chancellor and Vicar-General to Bishop Heton; Delegate and Commissary to Archbishop Bancroft, for the Diocese of Ely, in ] 608 ; and Custos of the Spiritualities in the vacancy of the See. He was also Vicar-General and Official-Principal to Bishop Andrews, in 1613, 1616, and 1618. — See Chancellors, p. 10. THOMAS EDEN, the youngest son of Richard Eden, of South Anningfield, in Essex, by Margaret his Wife, was born at Ballingdon Hall, in that County. He was Fellow of Trinity-Hall, in Cambridge, where he was educated. LL. B. in 1608, and Proctor in the Bishop of Ely's Court. In 1626, he was LL. D. and elected Master of his College. He was appointed Keeper of the Spiritualities during the vacancy of the See, April 17, 1628 ; x and is stiled Vicar-General in the entry of Bishop Buckeridge's Election; also in a Commission directed to him and others, September 4, 3638, by Bishop Wren. 2 He was chosen one of the Members for the University, to serve in 1640, and the following Parliament. He was Com- missary of Westminster and Bury St. Edmund's ; a Master in Chancery, and Law Professor, in Gresham College, which he resigned July 27, 1640. At the begin- ning of the grand rebellion, he was deprived of all his places, except the Master- ship of Trinity Hall ; to which he gave 1000Z. for the providing wax lights in the Chapel, and an annual commemoration. He was a decided enemy to the fanatical and extravagant discourses so frequent at that time. The appointment of Sir James Bunce (almost a stranger to him) as his Executor, was singular; and took place in consequence of Sir James having asked his advice about the clause in a Will, to which Sir James was Executor. The Doctor thinking it capable of a double sense, Sir James resolved to abide by what Dr. Eden " in his conscience, believed was the very mind of the Testator, whatever it cost him." After presiding about 20 years as Master of Trinity Hall, with the utmost satisfaction to the So- ciety, he died in London, and was by their desire embalmed, and buried in the north-east corner of the College Chapel. 3 CHARLES 1 From a MS. containing the finish of Bishop West's and Goodrich's Register, fol. 223. 2 Bentham's Extracts. 3 Ward's Lives of the Professors, p. 240. Upon the stone which covers his Remains is the following inscription : — Hie Spe certa resurgendi in Chrislo sepultus est Thomas Edenus, LL. Dr. peritissimus, et hujus Collegii olim dignissimus Praefectus. And on the Monument erected by, and at the expence of, the College, the following affectionate and grateful Epitaph :— Suspice OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (vicars gen.) 21 CHARLES EDEN. In a commission for proroguing Bishop Wren's visitation, dated December 11, 1639, he is appointed Surrogate for the Bishop ; and there stiled A. M. Vicar General, and Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. 1 ROBERT KING, LL. D. He was appointed Vicar General and Official, in 1661, and confirmed in those offices, under letters patent, December 10th, the year following, by Bishop Wren?— See Chancellors, p. 11. JOHN SPENCER, S. T. P. and WILLIAM COOKE, LL. D. were deputed Vicars General and Officials, by Bishop Gunning, Dec. 2, 1676, within the Dio- cese, " the Isle of Ely always excepted." Doctor Spencer was presented to the Rectory of Landbeach, upon the death of William Rowley, S. T. P. by the Fel- lows of Bene't College. He was instituted to it July 23d, 1667 ; and resigned it Sept. 18th, 1683. See Deans, p. 236. — Doctor Cooke was appointed Vicar Gene- ral and Official Principal in and for the whole Diocese, April 26th, 1677, and confirmed in the office, " durante vita naturali," by Bishop Gunning's letters patent, the last day of July, 1679. He was then stiled Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge. 3 — See Chancellors, p. 17. JAMES JOHNSON, LL. D. was appointed to the office of Vicar General, by Bishop Moore, in 1708. — See Chancellors, p. 12. WHARTON PECK, LL. D. Bishop Green made him Vicar General and Offi- cial of the Diocese for life, February 7th, 1727, upon the death of Dr. Johnson; and he was confirmed in the officiality of the Archdeaconry of Ely, Nov. 16th, 1736. 4 — See Chancellors, p. 13. WILLIAM COMPTON, LL. D. 1777— Vide Chancellors, p. 14. OFFICIALS Suspice Lector ac venerare ; Hoc enim sub Marmore conditae jacent Reliquiae ThomjE Eden, LL. D. Richardi Eden et Margarets Uxoris ejus de Anningfield Australi In Agro Essexiensi, Filii natu minimi ; Dioceseos Eliensis Cancellarii, Westmonasteriensis et Sancti Edmundi de Burgo Commissarii ; unius etiam ex Magistris Almae Curiae Cancellariae Ordinariis, necnon hujusce Aulae Custodis Olim dignissimi, pariter ac munificentissimi. Quo nemo, turn morum eximia Suavitate et Probitate, turn singulari etiam Legum Civilium et Ecclesiasticarum Scientia majore consecutus est Laude~: unde Spartam, quam apud nos, bonorum omnium Consensu, merito nactus est, strenue ornavit ; nostrumq Collegium, tot, tantisq Beneficiis vivus moriensq devinxit, ut Parentis, potius nomen, quam Custodis mereatur. Nos itaq Custos et Socii, ne pereat Beneficiorum Memoria, quae turn aliis, turn nobis praestitit, hoc Sepulchrale Marraor, in aeternum tanti Patroni Testimonium poni curavimus. Ob; Londin: Jul : 18. et fuit hie sepult : Aug : 2. 1645. 1 Regist. Wren. * Mr. Cole's MSS. 3 Regist. Gunntog. * Regist. Green. 2i SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (officials.) OFFICIALS PRINCIPAL. 1 ROBERT DE IWARBY, 1220. He was witness to the execution of the form for founding the Obit or Anniversary of Bishop De Fontibus — to the appropria- tion of the Church of JWelreth — to the grant of a Messuage to the Monks of Eli/, by the same Prelate, also to a Licence for erecting the Chapel of Henri/ le Veske, in Melreth, in the time of Roger Brigham, Prior of Ely, who died 1229. These writings, the forms of which Mr. Bentham has copied from the book of Charters, then in Ely House, Holboum, are without any date. In each of them Robert De Iwarbif is stiled Official. The Bishop died May 6, 1225. No mention is found of Official, prior to this person. JOHN DE CADOMO or CAAM, in a Grant of certain Lands at Somersham, Bluntesham, &c. by Bishop Hugh (qu. Balsham), without date, is stiled Offi- cial. 3 He was Rector of Wisbech; to the Vicarage of which he presented William Be Norwold, Priest, in 1252, saving to himself the tithe of wool and hemp. In 1275, the Church was void by the death of John De Caam* ROGER LEYCESTRE was Official to Bishop Northwold, A. D. 1268, as appears by an extract in Mr. Bentham's JVotitia, made from MS. A. in Ely House. JOHN DE CLIPSTON, Official and Commissary to Bishop Montacute ; he is so stiled in an entry of Richard De Herling's election to the Chancellorship of the University of Cambridge, dated Hat/ield, Nov. 9th, 1337. He also occurs in those capacities the three following years. 5 JOHN DE BRUNE. In Bishop L'lsle's confirmation of the appointment of John de Crahale to the office of Chancellor of Cambridge University, A. D. 1346, he 1 An office now vested in the Chancellor. He was formerly an ecclesiastical judge, appointed by a Bishop, Abbot, Chapter, &c. with charge of the spiritual jurisdiction throughout the Diocese. The Bishops, especially those of large Sees, finding themselves oppressed with a multiplicity of business, at first discharged a part of it by their Archdeacons, and also by Priests, who were appointed for that purpose by a commis- sion. As we do not meet with this term any where before the sexlus decretalium, it appears probable this appointment was not established till the end of the thirteenth century ; in process of time, the office was divided into two, and the title of Official given to him with whom the Bishop entrusted the office of litigious justice, and that of Vicars General to those who had the spiritual authority. The number of Officials was soon multiplied, and not only Bishops, but Chapters and Archdeacons had their Officials. 1 Gibson's Introd. p. 23. 2 The varied manner in which surnames were formerly spelt, is a very curious circumstance ; and is not perhaps more extraordinary in any instance than the present; where the name of the Official is differ- ently spelt in the four Records above quoted, viz. Iwarby, Iwareby, Iwardebj/, Iwardbi/, and in Mr. Cole's MS. Ywardby. Mr. Bentham has adopted the first mode. This apparent inattention to correct orthography of proper names, may have arisen from the inability of the witness to write his own name, in some cases ; or from the Notary's doing it, where the person was reported by him to be present, at the execution of the instrument, as in this case. 3 MS. Epi. Elicn. R. fol. 223. * Regist Fordham, fol. 212, a. 5 Regist. Montacute. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (officials.) 23 he is stiled Prior of Barnwell, and Commissary to the Bishop. 1 In 1348 he was jointly with others, appointed Vicar General. 2 — Vide p. 14. THOMAS DE STAUNTON, Precentor of Salisbury, was Official to Bishop L'lsle, Feb. 16, 1345, 3 and in 1347 and following year, a licence of non-residence was granted him, that he might study in the University of Cambridge.'' — See Chancellors, p. 3. JOHN DE PECHAM, Rector of Kynge&wood, is stiled Official in the Com- mission issued by Bishop L'lsle. — See note 3, p. 14, Vicars General. JOHN DE THURSTEYN. He was a Canon of Salisbury and Wells in 1349. And, in the licence for him to perform divine service in any decent place within his own house at Cambridge, dated Nov. 27th, 1351, he is stiled Official to the Bishop. 5 — See Vicars General, p. 15. THOMAS DE WORMENHALE. He was Canon of Chichester and Official of Ely, A. D. \312. (i -See Chancellors, p. 3. NICHOLAS ROOS was appointed Official for the City and Diocese of Ely, by Bishop Arundel, A. D. 1373 ; he was then stiled LL. D. In the following year he was Official and Commissary, and appointed to receive the obedience of John de Donowich, Chancellor of Cambridge, who refused taking the oath, al- ledging that it was contrary to the privileges of the University. 7 The business was decided, the same year, by the Court of Arches, in favour of the Bishop's claim. 8 RICHARD LE SCROP is stiled Licentiatus Jure CivUi in Bishop Arundel's appointment of him to this office, which is dated at Hatfield, November 16, 1375. The following year he was ordained Deacon, and was Master of the free Chapel of Tyckyll in Yorkshire. He took Priest's Orders March 1377 ; and was Canon of York 9 He was made a Prebendary of Lincoln in 1386; which Stall he quitted the same year. 10 In 1279 he was stiled " Utriusque Juris Doctor." When he was presented to the Bishop for Confirmation, upon his being chosen to fill the office of Chancellor of the University of Cambridge in 1378, his Lordship observed, that as he had behaved humbly and obediently as his Official, he would not require him to take the oaths, but recede from that right, on account of the personal regard which he had for him. Godwin's Catalogue of Bishops, by Richardson, note k. p. 321, says, Richard ficroope, Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield, was Official to the Bishop of Ely} 1 JOHN DE NEWTON, of the Diocese of York, being L. B. was one of Bishop Arundel's Commissaries, 1377. He held a Synod in the Conventual Church at Barnwell, A. D. 1378, being then LL. D. He was Rector of Rattles- den, 1 Regist. L'lsle. 2 Ibid. fol. 17, a. 3 Ibid. fol. 10, b. * Ibid. 5 Ibid. fol. 41, b. 6 Mr. Cole's MSS. 7 Regist. Arundell, fol. 1, a, where the whole process of this business is entered. 8 Ibid. fol. 75, 76. » Mr. Cole's MSS. 10 Willis's Cathedrals, vol. 2, p. 220. 11 Mr. Bentham's Notitia. 24 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (officials.) den, in the Diocese of Norwich, and ordained Sub-Deacon February 18, 1379. On the 20th of September following the Bishop constituted him Official and Dea- con, in St. Pauls, London. 1 He was ordained Priest at Ely, March 10, 1380. And on the death of Dr. Wormenhale he succeeded to the Mastership of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, March 20, 1381. When Catherine the Widow of William Barnard took the veil in the Conventual Church of the Friars Minors, at Cam- bridge, he was present, and that year, issued forms of Excommunication, through the Diocese, against those who broke open and robbed St. Etheldreda's Shrine. 2 The 8th of April, 1386, the Bishop collated him to the Rectory of Cottenham, which he exchanged, a month after, for Legth, in the Diocese of Litchfield and Coven- try; but several years after he was nominated to that Rectory by the Pope. Octo- ber 4, 1388, he was constituted Official to Bishop Fordham, 3 and present at his in- stallment. He resigned the Mastership of the College in 1397, 4 and died Ja- nuary 21, A. D. 1414. His remains were interred in York Cathedral, according to the directions of his will. THOMAS DE HETRESETE, LL. D. He was Chancellor of the University and Master of King's Hull, Cambridge, 1386. In 1390 and 1391, he was Official to Bishop Ford ham and Archdeacon of Sudbury. In a Tythe Cause betwixt the Prior and Convent of Barnwell and the Rector of Wimpole, he acted as Commis- sioner, A. D. 1404, by appointment of the Bishop. 5 JOHN JUDDE. In the Convocation held at St. PauVs, October 8, 1397, he was Proctor for the Clergy of the Diocese ; 6 and Bishop Fordham collated him to the Rectory of Conington, in Cambridgeshire, January 23, 1399; which living he resigned in 1401, for the Vicarage of Wisbech? He was Official to the Bishop, A. D. 1400 and 1403. In the latter year he excommunicated John Reeve, Chaplain, and Maude Pyrye for wounding John Asleton, Rector of Taverham ; 8 and May 28th of the same year he was instituted to the Rectory of Swavesey He was also Rec- tor of Fen Ditton, and one of the Proctors appointed by the Bishop to attend the Convocation at Oxford, November 28, 1407 ; when he was LL. D. The 23d of July, the following year, he acted as Official to the Bishop, in the Convocation at St. Pauls, which was summoned "Pro Unione-Sanctce Ecclesice." 9 He also occurs as Official of Ely, March 23, 1412. 10 JOHN ALBON, LL. B. Rector of Newton, in the Isle of Ely, to which Bishop Fordham collated him February 24th, 1404. On condition that he was ordained a Sub-Deacon within the year, the Bishop granted him permission to be absent for three years for the purpose of studying in the University; the licence is dated August 20, 1405, accordingly he was ordained Sub-Deacon Sept. 19th, the same year; Deacon, May 21st, 1407; and Priest, June 6th, 1411. 11 WILLIAM 1 Regist Arundel, fol. 30. 2 Ibid. fol. 56. 3 Ibid. fol. 3, 9, and 10, b. * Ibid. 5 Regist. Fordham, p. Ill, 178, b. 6 Ibid. fol. 126, a. 7 Mr. Cole's MSS 8 Blomefield's Cantab p. 184. 9 Regist. Ford- ham, fol. 168, b. 10 Concil. Mag. Brit. pr. Wilkins, v. 3, p. 306. 11 Regist. Fordham. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (officials.) 25 WILLIAM SPALDING, who was one of the keepers of the spiritualities during the vacancy of the See, Bishop Bourchier appointed Official, March 8th, A. D. 1443 ; x and confirmed him in the office, by letters patent, March 10, 1444, when he was stiled " legibus licentiatus." He was also Sacrist of the Church of Ely, 2 and inducted Doctor Stohes into the office of Archdeacon of the Diocese, the 15th of the same month ; with whom he acted under a commission for aug- menting the living of Histon, 1454, and he is therein stiled Official. 3 — See Vicars General, p. 16. ROGER RATCLIF, RADCLIF, or RATCLYFFE, LL. D. So his name is variously spelt in the Register. Bishop Gray appointed him Official, Sept. 8th, A. D. 1454. 4 He attended as Proctor for the Clergy of the Diocese, at the Con- vocation held at St. Paul's, July 21st, 1457. He was admitted to the Rectory of Ellesle, in Cambridgeshire, August 15th following. 5 That living he resigned October 8th, 1462, reserving to himself an annual pension of five marks during his life. 6 Upon the resignation of William Bolton, he succeeded to the Rectory of Dodyngton, March 30, 1467 ; 7 and obtained a dispensation from Pope Calix- tus, to hold that with the Rectory of Eltesle. He resigned Dodyngton in 1468. 8 He was a Prebendary and afterwards Dean of St. Paul's, also a Prebendary of York, and Archdeacon of Sudbury. He was appointed, with certain other Divines, to try Robert Sparke, John Crud or Crowd, and John Baile, Lollards, in the Chapel at Downham, for believing, holding, asserting, and publicly teaching, opinions heretical, erroneous, and contrary to the Christian doctrine. Of which, being found guilty, they were condemned to do penance publicly in the markets at Ely and Cambridge, &c. They were afterwards scourged by the Dean, Dr. Kelyng, before the high altar, and each of them offered a candle to the image of St. Etheldreda. 9 RICHARD LANEROCK, LL. D. succeeded to the Officially, October 5th, 1458, 10 and that year was appointed, with the Prior, to examine into certain abuses committed upon the liberties of the Church of Ely. 11 He appears also as Official in the year 1461, and was commissioned to visit the Priory of Swaffham, in this Diocese, Sept. 20th, 1460. 12 August 4th, 1448, he was collated to the Vicarage of Uaseling field, near Cambridge, and in 1459, July 14th, to the Rectory of Barley, in Hertfordshire. Bishop Bourchier collated him to the former, and the Abbess and Convent of Charteriz, to the latter. He died in the year 1473. 13 RICHARD BOLE. He was of the Diocese of Litchfield and Coventry — ad- mitted to the Rectory of Wodeham Waller, in Essex, November, 1451, which he resigned 1 Regist. Bourchier, fol. 53, a. 2 Ibid. fol. 3. 3 Ibid. fol. 42, b. * Regist. Gray, fol. 1, b. 5 Ibid. fol. 25, b. 6 Ibid. fol. 50, a. 7 Ibid. fol. 65, b. 8 Ibid. fol. 73, b. 9 Ibid. fol. 130, where the proceeding is entered at large. 10 Ibid. fol. 35, b. 11 Ibid. fol. 38, 117, a. 12 Ibid. fol. 47, a. 13 Mr. Cole's MSS. E 26 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (officials.) resigned 1453 — to the Rectory of Orset, in the same county, 1434, and appointed to the Prebendal Stall of Reculverland, in St. Paul's, A. D. 1452. The com- mission appointing him Official is dated January 15, 1462. 1 The 2d of April following he was A. M. Chaplain to Bishop Gray, and stiled Bachelor in Degrees. The 21st of the same month, the Bishop, then at Downham, presented him to the Rectory of Balsham, vacant by the death of Dr. John Blodwell. Previous to his acceptance of that living, he resigned the Rectory of Old Romney, in Kent? February 6th, 1466, being stiled LL. B. and A. M. he was collated to the Archdeaconry of this Diocese, on the death of Dr. Stokes ; 3 in right of which he became Rector of Wilburton, having resigned Balsham. March 9th following, the Bishop presented him to the Rectory of East Dereham, upon the death of Peter Taster ; 4 about which time he resigned the Officialty. April 10, 1467, he quitted the Rectory of Orset, and resigned his Prebendal Stall. Mr. Gough in- forms us that he was a benefactor to the library of Baliol College, Oxford, of which he was a Fellow. He occurs as Canon of the Free Chapel or Collegiate Church of Hastings ; being then Prebendary of West Thurrock, in Essex, and Patron of the Vicarage there ; to which he presented in 1459, 1460, 1463, and 1466. 5 He was one of those deputed to attend the Convocation held at St. Paul's, as Proctor for the Clergy, April 27th, 1468 ; 6 July 27th, 1470 ; 7 February 3d, 1472 ; 8 and February 9th, 1474, he attended as Archdeacon. 9 He was buried in the Church, to the westward of Archdeacon Wether ingset, at Wilburton, A. D. 1477. 10 — See Archdeacons, p. 276. RICHARD ROBYNSON, D. D. a native of the Diocese of Litchfield and Coventry. He was Chaplain to Bishop Gray, who made him Official for the City and Diocese of Ely, February 23d, 1466, when he was " Decretorum Doctor." 11 January 1st, 1468, he was collated to the living of Dodyngton, upon the resigna- tion of Dr. Radclif. n — Vide Archdeacons, p. 276. JAMES HUTTON, LL. D. was Proctor for the Clergy of this Diocese, at the Convocation held at St. Paul's, February 13th, I486, 13 being appointed Official by Bishop Alcock, January 7th preceding. 14 — See Chancellors, p. 5. WILLIAM ROBINSON, LL. D. was constituted Official for the Diocese, September 1st, 1490, by Bishop Alcock, upon the death of Dr. Hutton. 15 — See Vicars General, p. 16. RICHARD HENRISON, Rector of Melton, in Cambridgeshire, and Patron of 1 Regist. Gray, fol. 50, b. 2 Ibid. fol. 49. 3 Ibid. fol. 63, b. Blomfield says 1461, and calls him Archdeacon of Ely, although he was not collated to that office till February 6th, 1466. 4 Regist. Gray, fol. 65, b. 5 Newcourt, p. 59!. 6 Regist. Gray, fol. 191. 7 Ibid. fol. 162. 8 Ibid. fol. 167, a. 9 Ibid. fol. 170. 10 The initials of his name, R. B. are several times engraved upon the edges of the cope of his effigy, under a canopy, which with four escutcheons, were upon his tomb. Only one of the last re- mains ; the arms of the See. His own arms were a pair of wings conjoined in a bordure engrailed. Notitia. 11 Regist. Gray, fol. 65, b. 12 i bit i. fol , 73j b< u R eg i s t. Alcock, p. 140. »* Ibid. p. 5. 15 Ibid. p. 60. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (officials.) 27 of Bourne, in the same county, was Official to Bishop Stanley, in 1507 and 1512, and acted in the Bishop's Consistorial Court. 1527 he was stiled Doctor of De- crees, and in 1542, Juris Doctor. October 12, 1527, he presented as Patron to the Vicarage of Bourne, in Cambridgeshire. 1 THOMAS PELLYS, LL. D. acted as Commissary, at the Installation of Bishop West, February 21 , 1515. 2 And the Commission appointing him Official and Commissary General, in and for the Diocese of Ely, is dated at Ely-House, October 10th, the same year. 3 In 1518 the Bishop collated him to the Rectory of Glemisford, in the Diocese of Norfolk, upon the resignation of Henry Mynns.^ The 10th of July, 1522, he resigned the Vicarage of Histon St. Andrew, in the Diocese of Ely. 5 He was also Official of Norwich, and Prebendary of Chapel- Field College, in that city. 6 ROBERT CLYFF, LL. D. 1525.— Vide Chancellors, p. 6. WILLIAM MEYE, LL. D. was Official Principal when he was installed Proxy for Bishop Goodrich, A. D. 1534.— See Chancellors, p. 6, and Vicars Ge- neral, p. 17. THOMAS SMITH, LL. D. Bishop Goodrich, at Downham, appointed him Official and Commissary General for the whole Diocese, January 20, 1544. 7 — See Chancellors, p. 8, and Vicars General, p. 17. JOHN FULLER, LL. D. appointed Official Principal and Commissary Ge- neral by Bishop Thirlby, September 14, 1554. He was Proctor for the Clergy of the Diocese of Ely, in two Convocations, during the reign of Queen Mary. By his Will he ordered his body to be interred in the Choir of Jesus Chapel, of whicli he was Master, if he died at Cambridge* . — See Prebendaries, p. 253. HENRY HARVEY, LL. D. was Official to Bishop Thirlby, in 1559. Fuller, in his History of Cambridge, p. 48, seems to doubt his attachment to the reformed Religion; and Dering, in Strype's Life of Abp. Parker, p. 380, speaks decidedly of his partiality for the Roman Catholics. But Johnston, in his " King's Visitorial Power asserted," p. 246, has given a Letter from Dr. Fulke, Master of Pembroke to Chancellor Cecil, which is completely at variance with such ideas. — See Vicars General, p. IS. THOMAS ITHELL, LL. D. Rector of the Donative of Emneth, in Norfolk, 1563. 9 He is stiled Official Principal, in 1575, when he was appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury to draw up a new set of statutes for St. John's College, Cambridge. Mention is made of him as Official Principal, April, 1579. He died the following month. 10 — See Chancellors, p. 8. RICHARD BRIDGEWATER, LL. D. Official Principal to Bishop Cox, 1579, 11 1580 &81. 12 — See Chancellors, p. 9, Sfc. Sir 1 Mr. Cole's MS. 2 Regist. West, fol. 5. and 6. 3 Ibid. fol. 45. a. * Ibid. fol. 28. b. 5 Ibid fol. 26. b. 6 Blorafield. 7 Regist. Goodrich, fol. 71. b. 8 Mr. Cole's MSS. 9 Z X e^sros Cantab, p. 33. 10 Regist Cox, fol. 175. 11 Mr. Cole's MSS. 12 Regist. Cox, fol. 178, 179, and 180, b. Mr. Cole's account of his collation 28 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (officials.) Sir RICHARD SWALE, LL. D. Mr. Cole has stiled him Official Principal in 1601. — See Chancellors, p. 9, Vicars General, p. 19. WILLIAM GAGER, LL. D. by the same authority appears to have been Official to Bishop Andrews, in the years 1613, 1616, & 1619. — See Chancellors, p. 10, and Vicars General, p. 20. THOMAS EDEN, LL. D. Official to Bishop Buckeridge, in 1628, and in 1635, to Bishop White. 1 — See Vicars General, p. 20. THOMAS GOADE, LL. D. 1630. Although no mention is made of Dr. Goade as Official in any of the Registers of Ely, Mr. Cole found him so stiled in a MS. account of the Members of King's College. — See Chancellors, p. 10. ROBERT KING, LL. D. was Official Principal to Bishop Wren, and the Patent confirming him in those offices is dated December 10, 1662. — See Chancellors, p. 11. JOHN SPENCER, S. T. P. and WILLIAM COOKE, LL. D. were deputed by Bishop Gunning to fill this office, December 2, 1676. The former was ap- pointed Official for the Diocese, April 26, 1677, and admitted to it, durante vita, the last day of July, 1679. For further accounts of Dr. Spencer, see Deans, p. 236^ and for Dr. Cooke, see Chancellors, p.\\. JAMES JOHNSON, LL. D. Bishop Moore appointed him Official Principal for life, July 31st, 1711, at which time he was Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge} He died A. D. 1727. — See Chancellors, p. 12. WHARTON PECK, LL. D. was constituted Principal Official for the Diocese by Bishop Green, February 7, 1727. — See Chancellors, p. 13. WILLIAM COMPTON, LL. D. June 5, 1777. Bishop Keen appointed him to the office of Vicar General in Spirituals, and Official Principal and Auditor of the Causes and Matters in the Episcopal Court of Audience of Ely, and through- out the whole Diocese of Ely, for and during his natural life. — See Chancellors, p. 14. to the Rectory of Elm cum Emneth, in 1575 (see Chancellors, p. 9. J, and of the time of his death in 1587,. do not agree with the entries of the Register, which (fol. 175. b.) state the former event to have taken place May 9th, 1579 ; and that Dr. Swale was admitted to the above Rectory, upon the death of Dr. Bridgewater, November 23, A. D. 1591, fol. 330. 1 Mr. Cole's MSS. 2 Regist Moore. COMMISSARIES. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (commissaries.) 29 COMMISSARIES. 1 JoHN DE CLYPSTON. It has been observed before, that this person was Offi- cial and Commissary to Bishop Montacute. By whom he was deputed to confirm the election and receive the canonical obedience of Walter Yeneldon, or Yeveldon, Prior of Anglesye, in this Diocese; whom he admitted September 4, 1338. The 15th of March, in the following- year, he admitted Richard de Lyng, S. T. P. Chancellor-Elect for the University of Cambridge ; and in both cases he is stiled Official and Commissary. 2 — See Officials, p. 22. THOMAS DE WORM ENH ALE was Commissary to Bishop Barnet, in 1369. 3 See Officials, p. 23. NICHOLAS ROOS, LL. D. 1373. Commissary to Bishop Arundel} —See Officials, p. 23. THOMAS DE GLOCESTER was also Commissary to Bishop Arundel, in which office he appears to have acted from 1377 to 1380, and again in 1389. 5 He was Bachelor of Civil Law in 1374 ; 6 and in a commission appointing him to visit for the Bishop, February 6, 1376, he is stiled " Juris peritus.'* The same year he acted as Commissary for the Bishop in the trial of a clerk convicted of theft ; and as his Proctor in the Court of Canterbury, in a cause between the Bishop and Arch- deacon Burnell. 8 May 20, 1377, he was appointed to hold a Synod in the Con- ventual Church of Barnwell f and assisted in the process of the election of a Prioress of St. Radegund's, in Cambridge, the same year. In the year 1388 he is stiled '* Officialis nostri Eliensis Commissarius." 10 JOHN POTTON, Rector of Hungre Hatley, in Cambridgeshire, and a Sworn Advocate in the Bishop's Consistorial Court. He resided in Cambridge. In 1372 he was Bachelor in Decrees, 11 and in 1389 was stiled " Juris Peritus." He is first mentioned as Commissary to Bishop Fordham 'm the year 1390, 12 and again in 1392 ; 13 also in 1400, 1, 2, and 5. 14 He was presented to the Rectory of Barley, in Hert- fordshire, June 4, 1394, which he held at his death, 1405. 15 JOHN 1 A Commissary is appointed by the Bishop to exercise authority over those parts of the Diocese which are so remote from the See, that the Chancellor cannot summon the subjects thereof to the Bishop's principal Consistory, without great inconvenience, in most cases the Commissary has the authority of Vicar General and Official Principal, within his limits 1 February 28, 1401, the Bishop of Ely was allowed to have only one C ommissary within his Diocese, and one or more for those places out of it, which were under his juris- diction 2 2 Regist Montacute, fol. 4 b 3 Mr. Cole's MSS. * Regist. Arundel, fol. 1, a 5 Ibid. 6 Mr. Cole's MSS. 1 Regist Arundel, fol. 21. 8 Ibid. fol. 22. » Ibid. fol. 23 10 Mr. Cole's MSS. 11 Ibid. " R e gi s t. Ford- ham, fol. 111. 13 Ibid. 178. b. '* Mr Cole's MSS. ' 5 Newcourt, vol. 1. p. 179. ■ Terms of the Law, tit. Com. 4 Inst. 338. * MS. Epi. Eliens. A. p. 53, &c. 30 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (commissaries.) JOHN ALBON, L L. B. Rector of Newton, in the Isle of Ely, was appointed Commissary-General August 23, 1405, by Bishop Fordham. The Commission particularly expresses that it was not intended, by that appointment, to revoke the power vested in Master John Judde, the Official. 1 In 1406 our Commissary re- turned a certified account of the names and surnames of all the Chaplains and Stipen- diaries, secular and religious, of the order of Mendicants, within the City of Ely, and the Deaneries of Ely and Wisbeach.' 2 He was also Commissary in 1407 and 1408.— Sec Officials, page 24. JOHN METFELD, L L. D. of the Diocese of Rochester, was ordained Sub- Deacon, in the Bishop's Chapel atDownham, September 23, 1391, and Priest Sep- tember 20, 1399. 3 He was Chancellor, Archdeacon of Ely, and Commissary to Bishop Fordham, Jtfay 27th, 1411, at which time he was Licentiate in both Laws. 4 See Chancellors, page 4. JOHN HARNEHAM, L L. B. The Commission, appointing him Commissary General, is dated March 10th, 1444, and the first year of Bishop Bourchier's trans- lation. 5 He was Proctor for the Clergy of the Diocese, at the Convocations held at St. Paul's, October 19th, 1443 , 6 August 10th, 1444, (when he was stiled in Utroque Jure Bacallarius ) February 7th, 1453, and in 1460. 7 He was collated to the Rec- tory of Leverington July 5, 1452, and died in 1473. 8 WILLIAM ROBYNSON, LL. B. He was a native of Yorkshire, and September 1st, 1491 constituted Official and Commissary to Bishop Alcock, who collated him to the Vicarage of Gamlingay, in Cambridgeshire, July 6, 1487, which he re- signed for the Rectory of Wether ingsete, in Norfolk, August, 1490. 9 — See Vicars General, p. 16. WILLIAM THORNBURGH, LL. B. was made Commissary to Bishop Alcock, July 16, 1494. 10 — See Chancellors, p. 6. THOMAS PELLYS, LL. D. acted as Commissary at Bishop West's Installation, February 21st, 1515, and he was appointed Official and Commissary General October 10th following," and so he occurs in 1522. 12 — See Officials, p. 27. ROBERT CLYFF, LL. D. Bishop West, being then at Downham, consti- tuted him Commissary General for the Diocese June 25, 1525. 13 — See Chancellors, p. 6. WILLIAM MAY or MA YE, LL. D. was one of the eight persons chosen to begin a new body of Canon Law of England, in the fifth year of the reign of King Edward the 6th, according to the first purpose of Henry the 8th. The other seven were 1 Regist. Fordham, fol. 201. 2 Ibid. fol. 159, 160. 3 Mr. Cole's MSS. * Regist. Fordham, fol. 208. b. 5 Regist. Bourchier, fol. 2. b. Mr. Bentham, therefore, thinks the date ought to be 1443. 6 Mr. Cole's MSS. 7 Regist. Bourchier, fol. 64, b. Ibid. fol. SO. Regist. Gray, fol. 109, a. 8 Ibid. fol. 87, b. * Mr. Cole's MSS. " Ibid. »' Regist. West. fol. 45, a. > 2 Ibid. fol. 29, a. 13 Regist. West. fol. 32, b. The dispute betwixt the Vice Chancellor and Dr. Clj/ffe, and the proceedings against the latter, for a breach of the privileges of the University, are given at large in a MS. P. p. 187. in the Library of Bene't College, Cambridge. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (commissaries.) 31 were Archbishop Cranmcr, Thomas Goodrich, Bishop of Ely, Richard Cox, the King's Almoner, Peter Martyr, Doctors of Divinity, Rowland Tailor, LL. D. John Lucas, and Richard Gooderick, Esqrs. What they proposed never had sufficient authority or confirmation. 1 Dr. May was constituted Vicar General, Principal Official, and Commissary General, May 2, 1533. 2 — Vide Prebendaries p. 247 — Chancellors, p. 6 — Vicars General, p. 17 — Officials, p. 27. THOMAS SMITH, LL. D. was also appointed to the above three offices, by Bishop Goodrich, January 20, 1544. 3 — See Chancellors, p. 7. EDWARD LEEDES, M. A. is stiled Commissary in an Injunction, A. D. 1550 ; and again in 1551, in the entry of his collation to the Church of Elm cum Emneth.* See Vicars General, p. 17. JOHN FULLER, LL. D. 1554. He sat as Commissary to Bishop Thirlbye in the Lady Chapel, at Ely, October 9, 1555, upon the trial of William Wollsye and Robert Py got, of 'Wisbech St. Peter ; and both of them, being convicted of Heresy, he passed sentence upon them, 5 and they were burnt at Wisbech. — Vide Preben- daries, p. 253, Chancellors, p. 11, Vicars General, p. 18. THOMAS YALE, M. A. 1554. Acted as a Commissary under Doctor Fuller, and in 1555 constituted Robert Cragge to the Vicarage of Badburham, vacated by the deprivation of John Hullier, who was burnt for holding Heretical opinions. 6 He was admitted to the Rectory of Leverington 1560, and was an Advocate in the Court of Arches. In 1561 he was collated to the Rectory of Llantresant, in the Isle of Anglesea, and constituted Judge of the Audience, and Vicar General to Archbishop Parker for life. In 1562 he was Chancellor of the Diocese of Ban- gor. In 1563 he visited this Diocese, as Commissary to the Archbishop. In 1567 he was Official or Dean of the Arches. He occurs as Commissary again in 1756 and 1757. Was one of the Supervisors of Archbishop Parker's Will, and died in 1577. 7 EDWARD GASCON or GASCOIGNE, LL. D. was Prebendary of the seventh Stall, instituted Commissary to Bishop Cox, in 1561, 8 and continued so in the following year. 9 — See Vicars General, p. 18. THOMAS YALE, M. A. mentioned above. JOHN PORIE, S. T. P. Pre- bendary of the second Stall, who was instituted to the Church of Landbeach, Dec. 18th, 1558,'° which he resigned in 1569." And EDWARD LEEDES, M. A. Prebendary of the eighth Stall, were appointed Commissaries 1563, during the vacancy of the See, to visit the Diocese.' 1 THOMAS 1 Seldon's Works, vol. 3 c. 8. sec. 41. 2 Regist. Goodrich, fol. 88, vel fol. I. 3 Ibid, fol 71, b. * Ibid. foL 18 and 19, a. 5 Regist. Thirlbye, where the proceedings are given at large, fol. 81. 2. 3. 4. See more of him in Fox's Acts and Monuments, sub Anno 1555. 6 Regist. Thirlbye, fol. 31, b. 7 Mr. Cole's MSS. « Ibid. 9 Regist. Cox, fol. 141. 10 Regist. Thirlbye, fol. 36, b. " Regist. Cox, fol. 158. 12 Ibid. fol. 14& 3:2 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (commissaries.) THOMAS ITHELL, LL. D. In the institution of Robert Swattocke to the Vicarage of Wyttlesford, February 13, 1563, he is stiled Commissary to Bishop Cox, also in the two following years. 1 — See Chancellors, p. 8, Spc. JOHN JOHNSON, A. M. Fellow of Jesus College, in Cambridge, was Com- missary in 1575, 1576, and 1577 ; and, Mr. Cole supposes, acted under Doctor Ithell. Mr. Newcourt mentions John Johnson Rector of St. Andrew's Undershaft, in London, who died in 1597. ROBERT CONWAY was also Fellow of Jesus College, and Commissary to Bishop Cox, in 1576 and 1577 . 2 GILES FLETCHER, Commissary to Doctor Bridgewater, July 3, 1580, then A. M. 3 afterwards Doctor of Laws, Brother to Richard, Bishop of London, and father of Phineas Fletcher, was educated at King 's College, Cambridge. He was one of Provost Goade's opposers in 1576, in a quarrel with the Fellows, which was referred to Lord Treasurer Burghley, and decided in the Provost's favour. He was the author of a Latin Eclogue on the death of Dr. Nicholas Carre ; and reprinted Dr. Walter Haddon's " Poemata," with his Life, &c. His History of Russia was printed in octavo, 1591, but suppressed by Government, to prevent the Emperor's taking offence. It was reprinted again in 1643 and 1657, in 12mo. He was also the writer of a small Latin Poem, " De Liter is antiques Britannia?, Regibus prcesertim qui Doctrina claruerunt, quique Colleg ia Cantabrigian fundarunt ;" and in Lee's " Israel Redux" is a small Treatise, by the Commissary, to prove that the Tartars are descendants of the ten Tribes of Israel ; in which opinion Mr. Whiston agrees with him. He was sent Commissioner into Scotland, Germany, and the Low Countries, Ambassador to Russia ; he was Secretary to the City of London, and en- rolled Master of the Court of Requests. Queen Elizabeth made him Treasurer of St. Paul's, and Ambassador to Theodore, Duke of JWuscovy, from whom he. obtained many valuable privileges in favour of our Merchants. He died in the parish of St. Catherine, Coleman Street, London, February, 1610. JOHN BELL, S. T. B. Prebendary of the sixth Stall (see p. 257 ) who was pre- sented by Bishop Cox to the Rectory of Fendytton, upon the resignation of John Parker, January 31, 1570, 4 was constituted Commissary (being then S. T. P.) with Doctor BRIDGEWATER, July 27, 1581, 5 {See Chancellors, p. 9) and they were appointed to visit the Cathedral and Diocese, May 14th, 1582.° ANDREW PERNE, S. T. P. Dean, (see p. 228 ) RICHARD BRIDGE- WATER, LL. D. and JOHN BELL, S. T. B. were constituted Commissaries by the Archbishop to visit the Cathedral and Diocese, January 22, 1583. 7 RICHARD 1 Rcgist. Cox, fol. 143, 144, 5, & 8. * i bid> fol< m bl> 72j b and 173# 3 Ibid fol> 178 4 Ibid. fol. 160, b. 5 Regist. Grindall, fol. 460. 6 Ibid. fol. 162. t Regist. Whitgift, part 1. 310. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (commissaries.) 33 RICHARD SWALE, LL. D. (see Chancellors, p. 9 J and JOHN BELL, S. T. Pi were constituted Commissaries by the Archbishop, durante bene placito, by letters patent, dated 20th February, 1587. 1 RICHARD SWALE, LL. D. was Commissary again and Delegate to Arch- bishop Whitgift, in 1588, for the Diocese ; also in 1591 and 1593. THOMAS LEGGE, LL. D. Surrogate to Doctor Swale. During the vacancy of the See, he was commissioned to visit the Cathedral and Diocese, with Dean Tyndall, Dr. Swale, Dr. Nevill, Dean of Peterborough, Dr. Thomas Binge. The Commission is dated September 6, 1593. 2 This learned person was a native of Norwich ; Fellow of Trinity and afterwards of Jesus College, Cambridge. In 1573 Dr. Cuius resigned the Mastership of his College to him. In 1574 he was Doctor and Queen's Professor of Laws in the University ; and in 1581, the Queen's Professor and Commissary there ; one of the Masters in Chancery, Doctor in the Court of Arches, Vice Chancellor in 1587, and 1592 ; Proctor in the Con- sistorial Court of Ely, in 1591, in which year he is called Substitute to Dr. Swale, as above. Of his abilities, as a writer, his tragedies of the Destruction of Jerusalem and the Life of Richard 3d, bear ample testimony. He gave £640 towards the erection of a new hall and the east side of the new building of Cuius College ; in the chapel of which he was buried, July, 1607, aged 72 years, and a monument, with his effigies, and the underneath inscription, was erected to his memory. 3 The Epitaph is divided by two columns, and a heart supported by two hands. His arms are a cross fleury sable, and his motto, " ColV Legame delle Legge," alluding to his name and profession. HUMPHRY TYNDALL, Dean of Ely, and Doctor SWALE, were appointed Commissaries for the Diocese, Feb. 7, 1592, by the Archbishop of Canterbury. 4, WILLIAM REVELL, LL. B. was Surrogate to Dr. Swale, in this Diocese, in 1593. He was of the Diocese of Norwich, educated in Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and Proctor in the Consistorial Court of Ely. 5 HUMPHRY TYNDALL, Dean of Ely, was Delegate to John Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1599, for this Diocese. 6 — See Deans, p. 229. WILLIAM GAGER, LL. D. was Surrogate to Dr. Swale, Vicar General 1601 ; Delegate and Commissary to Archbishop Bancroft, in the Diocese of Ely, in 1608 ; and Custos of the Spiritualities during the vacancy of the See, 1609.— See Vicars General, p. 20. THOMAS 1 Resist. Whitgift, part I. fol. 321. The three last appointments took place during the long vacancy of this See after the death of Bishop Cox. 2 Ibid, part II. fol. 168. 3 Thomas Legge, Legum Doctor, quondam Custos hujus Collegii, obiit Anno Domini 1607, 12th Die Julii, ^Etatis sua? 72. Junxit amor vivos, sic jungat terra sepultos ; Gostlina Keliquum Cor tibi Leggus habes. * Regist. Whitgift, part II. fol. 167. s Mr. Cole's MSS. 6 Ibid. F 34 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (commissaries.) THOMAS EDEX, LL. D. Commissary in 1G26.—See Vicars General, p. 20. HENRY HITCH, LL. D. He was Commissary to Bishop Wren in 1661, and is stiled Commissary in a Commission issued by Bishop Laney, August 21, 1674, for a visitation to be held in Trinity Church, Ely. LAWRENCE WOMACK, S. T. P. Prebendary of the sixth Stall, Proxy for Bishop Gunning at his Installation, and WILLIAM SAYWELL, D. D. Pre- bendary of the fourth Stall, were the Bishop's Domestic Chaplains, and appointed Commissaries for his Consistory Court, within the City of Ely, and the two Deanries of Ely and Wisbech, March 27, 1675, " durante bene placito." 1 — See Prebendaries, p. 251 and 258. OFFICIALS to the ARCHDEACONS of ELY. JoiIN DE LUTREWORTH is witness to an agreement between David Abbot of Thorney and Walter Prior of Ely, and is there stiled Official to Archdeacon Leicestre, A. D. 1241. 2 JOHN HE TYDD. Mr. Willis, in his Survey, calls him by mistake, Arch- deacon, whereas he was only Official to the Cardinal Galliard de Mo to,, then Archdeacon of Ely, and is so stiled in a mandate, January 7, A.I). 1344. 3 JOHN DE PYNKESTON made his obedience to Bishop Arundel upon his appointment to this office, December 3d, 1378. 4 WILLIAM TAVERHAM was commissioned, with others, by Bishop Fordham, to execute, as Official to Archdeacon Welbom, a mandate for the payment of a moiety of a tenth to the King, September 24, A. D. 1405. 5 ROBERT NE vVCO YlE, LL. D. March 20th, A D. 1601, Bishop Heton appointed him to induct Robert Finley, S. T. P. to the Rectory of Cottenham, and he is then stiled Official to the Archdeacon. 6 CHRISTOPHER MEALE, A M. was appointed Official to Archdeacon Wren, November 20th. A. D. 1666, and MATTHEW BABINGTON, A.M. succeeded him, June 9th, 1679. WILLIAM COOK, LL. D. Official to Archdeacon Say well, was appointed November 6, 1 700. WHARTON PECK, LL. D. Official to Dr. Bentley, November 16, 1730.— Vide Chancellors, p. 13. ROBERT PLUMPTRE, D. D. took the oaths required upon his being appointed to this office, June 30, 1777, in which he was conlirmed July I following, by Bp Keen. WILLIAM COLLIER, B. D. Hebrew Professor in the University of Cam- bridge, and Official to Bishop Watson, the present Archdeacon, was conlirmed in that appointment by Bishop Yorhe, November 29th, 1788, and JOHN DA VIES, B. D. succeeded him, September 8, 1803. ' Regist Cunning. 2 MS. Lib. infer Chart. Epi. Eliensis, p. 388. 3 Regist. Montacute, fol. 75, a. * RegUt. Arundel, fol. 28. 5 Regist. i ordliara, fol. 145, a. 6 Regist. Heton. CHIEF OF ELY CATHEDRAL. So CHIEF JUSTICES of the ISLE of ELY. TlIE temporal jurisdiction of the Monastery of Ely, is founded upon the Charter of Edgar, A. D. 976. In the following Charter, granted by the Confessor, about 1056, the Officers of the Crown were forbidden to intermeddle with the temporal matters, arising within the Isle, unless they were called in by the Abbot and Monks. In 1080, William the Conqueror restored all the Royalties, &c. which he had taken away from the Monastery ; and King Henri/ L having founded the Cishoprick, and converted the Abbey into a Conventual Church, in 1109, granted to the Bishop, and Prior, and Convent jointly, the same privileges as the Church enjoyed, " die qua Edwardus vivus el mortuus fait." But the Abbots, having exercised the temporal jurisdiction, independent of the other members of the Church, the Bishops who succeeded them, exercised it in like manner. In 1278, Edward I. ordered all Franchises to be claimed by those who held them, whether by grant or by prescription of his predecessors ; and this was to be done before the Justices in Eyre. The Statute was first published in 1302 ; and we find it recorded, that Bishop Orford, in 1304, Bishop Keeton, in 1315, and Bishop Mont acute, in 1342, made such claims, by their stewards, at the Assizes held at Cambridge, and, that those claims were allowed. 1 From these claims it appears, " that the Bishops formerly appointed several Justices for the Isle, by Commissions in their own names, and under their own seals ; and that they had a Court, as well for determining all pleas of the Crown, 2 as all other matters, arising within the said Isle." Yet, in the reign of Edward II. the 1 Cognizance of pleas was allowed the Bishop in Mich. 20 Ed. III. B. R. Rot. 20, in Trespass, Assault, and Battery. Again, in Mil. 21, Ed. III. B. R Rot. 21, in Trespass, quare, &c. Again, Mil. 17 and 18, Car. 11. B R. Hot. 229, in Tresp. and Eject. Again, 35 Car. Rot. 121, in Trespass, Assaull, and Battery. — Bcnthani's MSS. * Ely being a Franchise not a County Palatine, though in the stat. 33, 4 C. 10, and 5 El so called, the party who is sued in the Courts at Westminster, cannot plead that the lands lie, or that the cause of action arose, within Ely ; but cognizance must be demanded, which is all the jurisdiction a Franchise hath. On the 28th June, 1730, the following notice was put up in the King's Bench Office : — " Trin. 13 Geo. II. 1739. Take notice, that I, Robert, by Divine permission, Ford Bishop of Ely, Lord of (he Royal Franchise of Ely, the liberty of the liberty of the Bishop of Ely, claim the execution of all process, and return of writs, within the Royal Franchise of Ely, in the Isle of Ely, and county of Cambridge ; and I have constituted Edward Parthericke, of Ely, in the said Isle and county, Esq. my Bailiff, toexeoute the said process, and make returns thereof in his name. And that in case you make out any writ or writs of Non Omittas, directed to the Sheriff of the said county, in order to enter my liberty of Ely, without first entering previous process to warrant the same, and a Mandav : Bal/ivo returned thereon by the said Sheriff, I will commence one or more action or actions against you for the same. Given under my hand, this 28th day of June, 1739 R ELY." " To Edward Ventris, Esq. Chief Clerk of the Court of King's Bench." F 2 36 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chief justices.) the Bishop used to send for a copy of the King's Commission, and his Justices regulated their proceedings by it, which custom is supposed to have lasted till the time of Henry VIII. when that King, in 1515, issued a Commission, ordering certain persons confined in the Gaol of Ely, to be delivered up ; and Bishop West issued his Commission for the same purpose, which bears the same date, and con- stitutes the same persons Commissioners. But the claims of the Bishop, and of all other Lords of Franchises, were done away in 1536, by the Statute of Henry VIII. when the King deprived them of " the power of pardon, and of naming Justices of Eyre, of Assize, of Peace, and Gaol Delivery;" and such Justices are now made by letters patent under the Great Seal, and all writs run in the King's name, Teste, the Bishop, as Lord of the Franchise. The Chief Justice of the Isle, is appointed by letters patent of the Bishop, under his hand and seal, and holds his office " quam dim se bene gesserit." The following appointments appear in the remaining records of the Church : — HENRY de BANCIS, Prior of Ely, ROBERT de LTSLE, and WALTER de WILBERHAM, are stiled Bishop Balsham's Justices Itinerant, 1 in a final agree- ment, made in the Bishop's Court at Ely, in 1272. 2 THOMAS de BHAYLES, RICHARD de KELLESHALL, and WILLIAM MYCHEL, were Justices to Bishop Montaeute, Edward III. 1345. 3 RICHARD de KELLESHALL, ROBERT de CAUSTON, JOHN de LTSLE, and WILLIAM MYCHEL, Justices of Bishop L'Isle, in 1349. 4 THOMAS BILLINGER, Sergeant at Law, GILBERT HALTOFT, THO- MAS GRAY, 5 JOHN ANSTEY, 6 and ELIAS CLIDEROW, commissioned to act as Justices of Assize, within the Isle, in 1454 ; and August 13, 1456, THO- MAS PARSONS was added to them by Bishop Gray. 7 Sir WILLIAM HUSE, Knt. 8 JOHN BREWODE, ROBERT BRADBERY, JOHN BURGOYN. and ROBERT SPENCER, commissioned Justices of Assize, by Bishop A leock, February 10, I486. 9 Sir JOHN FYNEUX, Knt. 10 Sir JAMES HOBART, JOHN WOODE, THOMAS WEST, JOHN HYNDE, THOMAS DUNHOLT, and JOHN SPENCER, were appointed Justices of Assize within the Isle, by the letters patent of Bishop West, November 25, 1516." JOHN SPURLING, Serjeant at Law, Bishop Heton appointed him May 16, 1603, 1 The first mention of Justices Itinerant, is in the reign of King Stephen. " Madox Hist, of Exchequer," p. 100. 2 bib. Intrationis Chartarum, M. p. 374. 3 ibid, p. 613. * ibid, p. 626. 5 Grandson to the Bishop. 6 John Amty, (Armig ) of Holme-hall, in the parish of Stowqity, Cambridgeshire, as appears from a licence, granted to him by Bishop Gray, for the marriage of Walter de Lokton, Esq. and Ann Alyngton, in the Chapel of Stowquy, within Holme- hall, his manor. 7 Regist. Gray, fol. 5, a— fol. 17, a. 8 He was Chief Justice of the King's Bench, in 1482 and 1484. » Regist. Alcock, p. 7. >• Chief Justice of the King's Bench. 11 Regist. West, fol. 1, b. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chief justices.) 3? 1603, with the usual fee of 10/. a-year, to be paid in two equal portions, at Mi- chaelmas and Lady-day. 1 Sir FRANCIS GAVVDIE, Knt. Justice of the Common Pleas; appointed, for life, by letters patent of Bishop Heton, in 1604, with the same fee and privileges as his predecessor enjoyed. 2 Sir JOHN SAVILE, one of the Barons of the Exchequer, succeeded to the Chief Justiceship of the Isle, by the letters patent of Bishop Heton, February 25, 1606, who appointed him " pro termino vita? ejus" upon Sir Francis Gawdie's being made Chief Justice of the King's Bench. 3 Sir HENRY HUBART, 4 Knt. was appointed by the same Bishop, " durante bene placito," August 3, 1607. 3 He was the great grandson of Sir John Hob art, Knight of the Bath, and Attorney-General, and Privy-Councellor, to Henry VII. He filled various departments in the law with great credit, and died Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, in 1625 He was Member for Norwich, from 1603 to 1615. 6 JOHN GOHBOLD, Esq. Serjeant at Law. Bishop Wren, by his letters patent, appointed him September 1, J 638 7 JAMES MONTAGUE, of the Middle Temple, Esq. was appointed Chief Jus- tice of the Isle, by Bishop Patrick, March 12, 1697-8. 8 ARTHUR BRANTHWAYT, Esq. of the city of Norwich, appointed by Bishop Patrick, October 1, 1705, and confirmed in the office, by Bishop Fleet" wood, " quam diu," &c. February 27, 1714. 9 This gentleman was the second son of William Branthwayt, of Hethel, in the county of Norfolk, Esq. and was highly celebrated for his great knowledge in the law. In 1691, being only 32 years of age, he was chosen Steward of Norwich, which he resigned in 1703, and died at Hethel, where he was buried, in 1717, aged 58. He married Ann, only daughter and heiress of Thomas Bacon, Esq. the second son of Sir Francis Bacon, Knt. one of the Judges of the King's Bench ; a branch of the Bacons, of Hedgesset, otherwise Hesset, in Suffolk; and descended, in a direct line, from Roger Bacon, highly celebrated in the reign of Richard I. 10 JOHN RABY, Esq. Serjeant at Law, of Lincoln's Inn. Bishop Fleetwood appointed him, with the usual fee, &c. February 28, A. D. 1716; and Bishop Green confirmed the grant to him October 11, 1723, both " quam diu se bene gesserit. 11 CHARLES CLARKE, Esq. of Lincoln's Inn, upon the death of Mr. Raby, was made Chief Justice of the Isle, by Bishop Green, February 17, 1731. 12 He was made Baron of the Exchequer about 1742. THOMAS 1 Regist. Heton. 2 ibid. 3 ibid. 4 Sic orig. 5 Resist. 6 The Registers of Bishops Andrews^ Fellon, Buckeridge, and Bishop While, being from 1609 to 1638 lost, no account of the immediate successors to Sir Henri/ Hobart appear, until Bishop Wren's time. 7 " Extracts quaedum Regist Wren.' 1 '' 8 Regist. Patrick, Regist. Fleetwood. 10 Sir Thomas Beevor, of Hethel, Baronet, (to whom the editor is obliged for these particulars), possesses a portrait of Mr. Branthwayt. 11 Registers. 12 ibid. 38 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY (chief justices.) THOM AS POTTER, Esq. Barrister at Law, of the Middle Temple, February 19, 1742, upon the resignation of Mr. Baron Clarke. Bishop Butts granted the office to this gentleman, 1 who was the second son of the Archbishop of Canterbury. SAMUEL HENRY PONT, Esq. Barrister at Law, of Lincoln's Inn. Bishop Butts, by his letters patent, appointed him, March 31, 1748. 2 Sir ANTHONY THOMAS ABDY, Bart, was appointed by Bishop Mawson, July 6, 174 7 , upon the resignation of S. H. Pont, Esq. 3 WILLIAM de GREY, Esq. Barrister at Law, upon the resignation of his pre- decessor, was made Chief Justice of the Isle, by Bishop Mawson, March 14, 1 758.* JAMES FORSTER, Esq. Serjeant at Law, June 12, 1762, upon the resignation of Mr. Be Grey. 5 He was the second son of John Forster, Esq. formerly an emi- nent solicitor in Gray's Inn ; but, for many years after his retirement from business, of the city of Peterborough. His elder brother was John Forster, D. IJ. Rector of Elton, Hunts, and of Walsoken, in Norfolk. He was descended from the an- cient family of Forster, of Edderstone, in Northumberland, and married one of the daughters of Sir John Strange, Knt. Master of the Rolls. Bishop Mawson also appointed Serjeant Forster. HENRY 1 Registers. 2 ibid 3 ibid. * ibid. 5 " Mr. Clarke held (wo Assizes in a year, during the former part of the time of his being Chief Justice ; but, for several years before lie resigned that office, he held only one Assize in a year It is not certainly known, for what reason this alteration was first made ; but, from the best information that can now be got. it appears to have been made at the desire of the country, in order to save the trouble and expences of attending tw ice in a year. "A petition, for two Assizes in a year, signed by the Grand Jury, was sent by the Chief Justice (V1r. Serjeant Forster), to the Bishop of Ely, soon after the Assizes in August, 1764 ; but, as this petition was drawn up in a very absurd manner, the Bishop did not think it proper to take any notice of it. The Foreman of the Grand Jury, being displeased because no notice had been tak( n of the petition, employed a friend to draw up another in a more proper manner, and it was presented to the House in February, 1705. " The Petition was in the name of the Grand Jury of the Isle of Ely, and was in substance as followeth, viz. — % " That for time immemorial two Assizes had been held every year for the Isle of Ely till very lately ; " that of late one Assize only had been held in the year, to the great disadvantage of debtors and other " prisoners, who were not bailable, who have suffered hardships from so long a confinement, as in some " cases they could not obtain their liberty in much less time than a year, and likewise to the disadvantage " of the whole Isle; That a representation had been made by the Grand Jury to Mr. Serjeant Forster " Chief Justice of the Isle, and delivered to him in writing, and by him delivered to the Bishop of Ely ; " but that no remedy had been obtained ; and therefore they pray that the Honourable House of Commons " would s;ive them such relief as, &c. &c." " Sir John Jlinde Cotton, who presented the petition, was ordered by the House to wait on the Bishop; and, on Sunday, the 17th of February, 1705, he called upon his Lordship, who, having previously consulted the late Chief Justice ot the Isle (then Solicitor-General), agreed to encrease the stipend of the Chief Justice of the Isle of Ely, (provided he would hold two Assizes in the year), from 45 pounds per annum, to 100 guineas; and, as Mr Serjeant Forster, Chief Justice, consented to these terms, no further notice was taken by the House of Commons, of the petition ; nor was the petition, nor any order relating to it, printed in the votes of the House."* Ever since this period, two Assizes have been annually holden, viz. one at Ely and one at fFisbech, the former in the spring, the latter in the summer. * Register Mumon. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. (chief justices.) 39 HENRY PARTRIDGE, jun. of the Middle Temple, London, Esq was ap- pointed Chief Justice of the Isle, upon the death of James Forster, Esq. January 13, 1781, by Bishop Keen. He was descended from a family in Buckinghamshire, which removed into Kent and Berkshire. His great uncle, Robert Partridge, first settled at Buckcnham House, in Norfolk, but dying a bachelor, in 1710, the estate passed to his brother Henty, who died 17BS, and bequeathed Buckcnham to be sold for the benefit of his seven younger children, leaving his eldest son Henry, other estates in Norfolk, Kent, and Bucks. His father was Bencher of the Middle Temple, and many years the much esteemed Recorder of Ly nn, who died in 1793. The Chief Justice was King's Counsel ; many years eminent on the Norfolk Circuit, and Recorder of Norwich. August 15, 1791, he, together with Sir John Nichol, and Sir William Grant, Master of the Rolls, were commissioned to promulgate the British law, in the Island of Jersey. He married, in 1781, Katherine, the youngest daughter of Samuel Reynardson, Esq. of Holywell, near Stamford, Lincolnshire. He died at Bath, in 1803, aged 57, and was buried at Bathford, in Somerset- shire. The RIGHT HONOURABLE CHARLES YORKE, successively Secretary of War, Secretary of State for the Home Department, and First Lord of the Admiralty, succeeded Mr. Partridge, upon his resignation. 1 This gentleman was grandson to the great Philip, Earl of Hardwick, and was appointed Chief Justice of the Isle, by his uncle, the late Bishop Yorke. Sir HENRY GWILLIM, Knight, one of his Majesty's Justices of the Supreme Court at Madras ; was appointed Chief Justice by Bishop Yorke, on the resigna- tion of Mr. Charles Yorke. He is author of a " Collection of Acts and Records of Parliament, with Reports of Cases, argued and determined in the Courts of Law and Equity, respecting Tithes;" a Work highly esteemed, and frequently quoted; and has edited two Editions of Bacon's Abridgement of the Law. EDWARD CHRISTIAN, Esq. of Gray's Inn, Barrister at Law, and Professor of the Laws of England, in the University of Cambridge ; the writer of Notes to Sir William Hlackstone's Commentaries, is the present Chief Justice of the Isle, and was appointed by Bishop Yorke, on the promotion of Sir Henry Gwillim. He is the author of a Treatise on the Bankrupt Laws, and other valuable works. 1 Register. THE 40 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY THE CHIEF BAILIFF OF ELY Is appointed by letters patent of the Bishop, "pro termino vitce suo" and acts under the Chief Justice of the Isle. He is constituted " Bailiff of the Hundred and City of Ely, within the Isle of Ely and County of Cambridge." And the prisoners in the gaols of Ely 1 and Wisbech are committed to his custody. The fol- lowing appointments to the office appear in the remaining Registers : — ROGER DAVY, appointed by Bishop Bourgchier, August 10th, 1445. JOHN MESANGER. The record mentions him as the predecessor of WILLIAM CURSON, who was appointed by Bishop Gray, January 13, 1408. EDMUND WYNGFELD, appointed by Bishop West, December 5th, 1516. He sold the office to THOMAS MEGGS, Gent, before the patent was made out, as the record states. THOMAS HETON, brother to the Bishop, appointed January 28th, 1600. WILLIAM HETON, of Portsmouth, Gent, and ARNOLD LOBERIE, of Downham, Gent. March 17th, 1605. For their lives and the longest liver. THOMAS EDWARDS, Esq. is recorded as the predecessor of his son. THOMAS EDWARDS, Jun. Esq. appointed by Bishop Patrick, 1698. CHARLES CLARKE, of Lincoln's Inn, Esq. by Bishop Green, Oct. 1725. EDWARD PARTHERICKE, Esq. Feb. 14th, 1726, on the resignation of Charles Clarke. THOMAS GOOCH, Esq. eldest son of the Bishop, December 21st, 1749. FRANCIS WYATT, Esq. was appointed by Bishop Gooch, June 19th, 1753. But " withdrawing himself to some foreign country, without leaving a deputy lawfully constituted to act for him," WILLIAM WARD, of Staple's Inn, Esq. was appointed by Bishop 3Iaivson, April 21, 1770, who resigned the office to THOMAS GOTOBED, Esq. appointed by Bishop Yorke, June IS, 1783. FRANCIS BAGGE, Esq. 1791, is the present Chief Bailiff. The Clerk of the Peace, the Clerk of the Crown and Assize, and the Custos Rotulorum, act under the Chief Justice, and are appointed by the Bishop for life; the Coroners only during his pleasure. For a full account of the Royal Franchise, see No. XXVII. p. *21, of the Ap- pendix to the History and Antiquities, Vol. I. 1 Tt had long been a matter of dispute, to whom the repairs of the Gaol at Ely properly belonged, ■whether to the Bishop, or to the whole body of the Isle of Ely. Bishop Mawson was desirous of having that point determined in the usual way, by a jury, and offered to be at the whole charge of the trial himself; as a legal decision only could justify his Lordship in taking upon himself the onus reparandi, and thereby entailing it on his successors. This proposal was rejected ; a memorial was presented to the King and Council ; and, after the opinion of the Attorney and Solicitor General (to whom the matter was referred by the King), was declared, viz. that the onus lay upon the Bishop, as Lord of the Franchise, his Lordship, considering it as a sufficient warrant to proceed in the work, immediately set about the repairs, in the most generous and effectual way ; the amount of the expences was 500/. according to Mr. BenthanCs account, from whose Nolitia these and the former particulars are taken. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 41 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE Clmrch & Convent founded by Queen Etheldreda. . Bentham having observed, in his History, p 282, that " much more, might be added, from the remains of the Old Conventual Church, and the Cathedral ;" it is the Editor's intention, in the following pages, to enlarge upon what the His- torian has given ; and to describe such parts of the Buildings, and the Appen- dages to the See, and the Church, as have been slightly noticed, or passed over, in the former volume ; employing the materials for thut purpose, which Mr. Ben- tham left in an undigested state, under the title of " Collectanea qucsdam de rebus Ecclesiae Elicnsis." Since the re-publi cation of Mr. Bentham' s History, in 1812, the following account of the Convent has been discovered. It appears to have been drawn up from Mr. Essex's observations, given in the Addenda to the above Edition, and to have been intended, by Mr. Bentham, for publication, at some future time. In justice to him, therefore, it is given in his own words. " Mention has been made (p. 54, vol. 1), of the Convent and Church founded by Queen Etheldreda ; but as several parts of the buildings of the Convent are still remaining, it will not be improper to take some notice of them, they being, perhaps, the most perfect remains we have, of that age. In plate xlix. is given the general plan of the old Convent, with the present Cathedral, in its original form, and the remains of the old Church, with such buildings as were originally joined to it, are marked as follows, 1 viz. : — " Fig. iv. the Church. 1. The Abbess's apartments. 2. The Nuns' apart- ments. 3. The Outer Parlour or Entrance. 4. The Refectory. 8. The Outer Gate or Porter's Lodge, and western boundary wall. The CONVENT, *' These buildings are sufficiently perfect, to discover the style and age in which they were built ; and, as there can be no doubt of their being as old as the re- mains 1 Upon referring to plate xi.ix. it will be found, that the letters of reference on the Convent and Church, are not the same in the re-printed Edition of 1812, as they are in the Edition of 1771. The reason is, that Mr. Bentham having made no reference to the plan, they were altered by the Editor, to agree with Mr. Essex's account, given in the Addenda. It is necessary, therefore, for the information of those who are in possession of the first edition, to observe, that, in the above plate of their copies, fig-. 2 is the Abbess's apart- ments; fig - . 3 } the Nuns' apartments ; fig. 4 3 the Outer Parlour ; and 5, the Refectory. G 42 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY mains of the Church, their situations, with respect to that, seem to point out their particular uses. From the Abbess's lodgings, there was a private stair-case, lead- ing into the Church, more particularly described in plate iv. And, over this stair- case, a passage from the same apartment, into a gallery over the west door. This building was about 44 feet long, and 17^ feet wide, within ; and vaulted through- out the first story. The building, (2) plate XLIX. parallel to the Abbess's, was probably intended for the Nuns, and had a cloister (5) by which they had a com- munication with her lodgings. This cloister was 11 feet wide, and 34 feet long ; was covered, and, very likely, had a gallery over it ; which, returning by the side- of this building, joined with the stair-case before mentioned, and was the com- mon passage to all the apartments above : the lower stories being vaulted, might serve for offices and stores. It is not certain, whether there were any other build- ings adjoining to the Church, more eastward ; though it is probable, some kind of Cloister was continued that way, to make a dry walk to that part of the Church, particularly appropriated to the use of the Nuns. " Though these buildings joined to the south wall of the Church, they were far enough from the upper windows, having the breadth of the portico between them. The outer parlour, (3) plate XLIX. cannot be mistaken ; for the outer door, and the small slip of a window, on one side of it, so placed to examine strangers, before they, were admitted, are sufficient marks of its use; this room was about 17 feet wide, and 20 feet long ; it had two doors, besides the common entrance ; one into the court-yard, another into the refectory, (4) which room was about 17^ feet wide, and 36 feet long ; it had seven small windows, towards the south, and was vaulted ; and, above it, were other apartments, which might serve to entertain strangers ; the Nuns' apartments were nearly of the same dimensions as the Abbess's : between it and the refectory, there seems to have been other apartments, or offices, about 41 feet in length ; but what they were, cannot be known, for there is not enough of them remaining, to form any conjecture about them." This was originally a school for young females, and a peaceable abode for pious individuals, in times of ignorance and barbarity. The community was governed by Ladies of the highest distinction, from its foundation, in 673. 1 The first Abbesses 1 In 640, Bede says, that Erkengota, daughter to Ercombert, King of Kent, " was made Nun at Brige, fy (in France), because, at that time, there being very tew Monasteries in Britain, many went to the religious houses of France, for the sake of a monastic life ; and, also, they used to send their daughters thither, to be taught, and devoted to the service of God. But such institutions, Leland informs us, were not unknown to the Britons ; and he instances one at Caermai then ; however, he met with no rules prescribed to religious virgins. Among the Saxons, they were very common. The Convent at Folkestone, in Kent, is supposed to have been the first in England; it was founded in 630. The Superiors, or Abbesses, of these early religious societies, were summoned to attend Councils; and we find the names of five of them sub- scribed to the Constitution of Beconceld; but not one name of an Abbot. (Bishop Tanner). It was cus- toniurj OF ELY CATHEDRAL. Abbesses were— the Foundress, Etheldreda, Queen of the English monarchy ; Sexburg-a, her sister, Queen of Kent; Ermenilda, her niece, Queen of Mercia ; and Werburga, daughter to the last mentioned Queen. Venerable Bede has given us the history of these four, but we do not even know the names of their succes- sors for 197 years ; at the end of which period, the Church, and other buildings were ruined ; and all the inhabitants, both of the town and convent, murdered by the Danes, excepting a few Priests, who fled from the slaughter. We will now proceed with Mr. Bentham's account of the CONVENTUAL CHURCH. " The Church belonging to this Convent, hath remains sufficient to give a good idea of what it was ; as may be seen in the plan and section, plate iv. From this plan, it appears, the building was not very large ; but sufficient for the community belonging to it ; besides room enough for others, who were permitted to attend there occasionally. It consisted of two parts — a nave and choir ; with porticos, or side isles: 1 each portico of the nave consisted of an arcade of nine arches, supported by eight pillars, 2 four of which were cylindrical, and four octagonal ; they were so placed, as to present the side of one, and the angle of another, alternately, to the view. The capitals 3 of these pillars were like figure hi. plate xlviii. The archi- vaults of the arches, (which were semicircular), and their soffites, are variously ornamented. The walls, above these arches, supporting the roof, over the nave, were pierced with a row of handsome windows, with circular heads, ornamented, on the outside, with a large battoon for an archvault, supported by small pillars, with plain bases and capitals. The length of this part of the Church, from the west door, to the door entering into the choir, was 105 feet ; 4 the width, including the porticos, tomary, in the infancy of these religious societies, for Monks, and Nuns, to live together, who were all sub- ject to the government of the Abbess — as at Whitby. Repingdon, Coldingham, &c. In the last of these places, our Etheldreda received the veil. See Hist vol. 1, p. 55. 1 Which are now included in the Prebendal Houses on each side. * These have been so judiciously cleared of the earth at their bases, and the buildings which encroach upon their sides, as to show their exact forms and dimensions, and make them extremely interesting. 3 Mr. King has observed the similarity there is betwixt these capitals, and those at Shoreham. Mr. Ben- tham has only given the representation of one of them (plate xlviii fig. 3), but the reader will find all the varieties of these capitals, correctly drawn, by Mr. Wiikins (in the 1 2th vol. of " Archaeologia" ) who in- forms us, that the octagon piers are about 2 feet 4 inches in diameter, as well as the round ones : the capitals 15 inches and a half in depth, exclusive of the necking, 7 inches of which are occupied by the abacus or impost. The mouldings and other ornaments of the arches, are still more varied than the columns. These are given in the above plate, vol. 1 of this History, but we must again refer to the superior representation of them in Mr. Wilkins's plates. The proportions of the pillars and arches of this building, are much nearer to the proportion of the Gieek and Roman artists, and have asymmetry beyond what we find in .SVi.ro* buildings generally. This is ascribed to the architectural knowledge which Bishop Wilfrid acquired during his stay in Rome. * Mr. Benlham, p. 289, vol. 1, makes the whole length within, from the west door, to the east end, 169 feet, which must include the length of the second tribuna, about 10 feet. G2 44 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY porticos, 41 feet ; the width of the middle, between the pillars, 19 feet ; the height, from the floor to the springing of the roof, S3 feet. 1 " The Nans' choir was separated from the body of the Church, by a thick wall, with a handsome arched door-way entering into it, represented in plate v. The porticos, of this part of the Church, contained four arches, with two cylindrical, and one octagonal pillar: beyond the fourth arch, the wall continued plain, nearly equal to the space of one arch, to the east wall, in which was a spacious large arch, handsomely ornamented, and terminated with a circular tribnna, or recess, for the altar: above the arches of the porticos, were five windows, like those in the body of the Church. The length of this choir, from the west wall to the entrance into the tribnna, was 51 feet; the breadth, including the porticos, 39^ feet ; the breadth of the middle, between the pillars, 18 feet. No part of this Church, or porticos, was vaulted, except two small Chapels, at the east end of the porticos of the choir : these were distinguished from the other parts, by arches and cross vaulting ; sup- ported by pillars; and had, in each, a small window, with circular head, to the east: the windows of the isles were of the same sort, one to every arch. " The foundation of the west wall, w ith the bases of the pillars, and the jaumbs, and threshold of the west door, were found about two feet under ground ; from which, it appears, that the entrance was of the same bigness, and, seemingly, like the door of the choir before-mentioned. There seems to have been a portico before this door ; part of the pavement is remaining. T3ie pavement of the nave was level with that in the portico ; but the choir was raised two steps higher; and the floor of the tribuna, one or two more. " This building, being much damaged by the Danes, as related in page 68, and afterwards repaired, the tribuna, a, plate iv. was taken down, and the additional building 1 The dimensions of the Saxon Church at Dunwich, in Suffolk —The nave 60 feet 10 inches long within, by 24 feet 6 inches in breadth. It was divided by an arch from the chancel (in the maimer of Eli/), which is 21 feet 10 inches in length, by 20 feet 9 inches in breadth, and the sides are ornamented with small inter- secting- arches, of 22 inches radium, which are peculiar to the Saxon and Norman Architecture. The ailar is divided also from the chancel, as at Ely, by an arch of 13 feet and a half span. The whole length was 107 feet 7 inches It had no porticos ; but, Mr. fVilkins thinks it was built about the same time as our Con- ventual Church The mouldings of the arches are similar, although there are some differences betwixt the capitals : the lorms of the piers are extremely different, yet their proportion is the same, (vol. xii. Archaeo- logia). Mr. Bent ham having said that monuments of this kind are very rare, it may be proper to observe, that the county of Cambridge can show as many remains of ancient Church Architecture, as any other p;irt of the kingdom. The Priory Church of Isetham, about six miles east of Ely, is still entire, though now a barn ; with its small round windows, circular stone vaulted east end, herring-bone masonry, and great circular arch, at the entrance into the chancel. The smail Church of Stuntney, a hamlet to Ely, and Slerebridge Chapel, near Cambridge, are entirely Saxon. Bartloxe Church, three miles west of Cam* bridge, A. D. 1020. The nave, all that remains, of Tkornei/ Abbey Church, A. I). 1085. Denny Abbey Church, A. D. 1160. The curious round Church of St. Sepu/ehre, in Cambridge, built in the reign of Hem j/ 1. 11 feet in diameter, and the oldest specimen of liound Churches in England, &c. &c. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 45 building was made, A. T). 1102, 1 with atribuna, extending more to the east. This additional building, which differs much (mm the oilier part of the Church, contains two arches, with handsome windows in them ; but it has no porticos : the whole is entirely vaulted with cross ribs, springing from halt" pillars. Jt is 22 feet long ; 17 feet wide; ami 21 feet high, within. The door-way, represented in plate V. seems to have been made at the same time (lie chancel was added ; that on the opposite side, is put in by conjecture, it being proper that the Nuns should have a convenient way from the Convent, into that part of the Church. 2 " When the new Church was so far finished, as to be fit for use, this Church was used as a Chapel to the Infirmary, and continued so till it was converted into apartments tor otficers or members of the Church, and now contains part of five prebendal houses: the first, on the north, belongs to the sixth stall ; 3 the second, on the same side, to the second stall ; 4 the chancel, to the fifth stall ; 3 the first, on the south, to the first stall ; 6 the second, on that side, to the third stall. 7 It would be difficult to determine, the boundaries of this Convent on any side but the west, in which we find the remains of the principal gate ; from thence the direction of the wall may be traced a considerable way to the south ; and, being continued back northwards, would terminate with the high street of the town, at a tower, which, probably, was built on the north-west angle of this boundary ; but, though the tower is old, it is not near so ancient as the Convent. 8 The south and east boundaries cannot at present be ascertained, there being nothing left of that age, which can determine it to any degree of certainty. " The 1 The vault, which was built iu 1 102, at (he cast cud of this Church, remains, enclosed in the house belong- ing to the Prebendary of the Fifth Stall. The capitals and mouldings, resemble those of the other parts of the Church. Tlie middle column, on each side, is of a compound form ; and the soffits of the arches, are plain. This room communicated with olher parts of the building, by early English arches, yet remaining ; but they come no lower than the present door, which divides the building into two stories. The entrance, to this room, is through one of those arches. Mr. Millers, from whom the substance of this account is taken, has given a print of the vault, in his " Description of the Cathedral ;*' and has suggested, that this upper part was used as a Chapel to the Infirmary. The whole building was originally open from the vault to the ground, as shewn in the section, vol. 1, plate iv. of this History. 2 The first introduction of Towers and Transepts, into this country, being subjecls of dispute, it may be proper to observe, that neither one nor other of these ap- pendages, appears to have been ever erected here. 3 The supposed residence of the .Sub Prior. 4 There is good reason for allotting this house to the Sacrist, vide Hist. p. 221 ; and, we can add, that Alan de Walsingham was the builder of it. The writer of the " Description of the Cathedral," therefore, has pointed this out, as a specimen of domestic architecture ot that date, worthy of attention ; and, it will not be contemplated with less respect, when it is considered as the residence of the late indefatigable, learned, and venerable Ely Historian. To heighten the interest, which such reflections will produce, we are told, that the house has, comparatively with the others, undergone very little alteration, since its first formation. The door way to it, with reticulated tympanum, and the transome stone, so highly characteristic of the Saxon aera, are given in vol. 1, plate v. : it was the north door of the Church. 5 This house was formerly the Infirmary 6 Here the Cellarer had his residence. 7 Formerly the Hoslellary. 8 There are two towers, in the High-street. One is now a bell-fry to Trinity Church ; the other constitutes part of the house oi the Fourth Prebendal Stall ; supposed to have been the Sacrist's Ojjice. The tower is very ancient. 46 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY The Priests, who fled from Ely, having repaired the Church, and other buildings, this ceased to be a foundation for females. A College of Seculars, under the government of a President, was formed ; who lived here, with their wives and children, until King Edgar, in 970, at the solicitation of his Prime Minister, Dunstan, and other Prelates, permitted Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, to turn out the Seculars, 1 and place 70 Monks, of the Benedictine Order, under the go- vernment of an Abbot, in their stead : and, that Monarch, by his munificent endow- ment, and gifts to the Church, no less than by the encouragement which he gave to Bishop Ethelwold, and the Abbot, to purchase lands and manors, 2 layed the foundation for this becoming one of the richest Abbies in the kingdom ; and he is, therefore, justly styled, the Restorer of The MONASTERY. This event took place 100 years after the Danish massacre. Bishop Ethelwold, who repaired the Church, &c. also erected several new buildings ; 3 and Edgar granted the principality of the Isle, in the way of purchase and exchange, for the use of the Monastery. The government continued to be vested in an Abbot, 4 until the death of Richard, the 10th Abbot, in 1109, when the Monastery was advanced to an Episcopal See. The immediate government of the Monks then devolved upon the Prior, although the Bishop occupied the Abbot's place at Church (which he still retains) ; presided in the Chapter-house, and at all their public assemblies ; continued to appoint and displace several of their chief ollicers, and to prescribe rules and ordinances for their behaviour, as their superior, until the surrender of the Monastery, in 1539. At first, the Prior was appointed by the Bishop, but afterwards he was elected by the Monks. 5 In the accounts of the officers of the Monastery, he is always stiled 1 In the infancy of the Saxon Church, the Ministers consisted of the Clergy and the Monks, who were equally desirous of converting the barbarians, but became antagonists by the jealousy of opposite interests, (LingardJ. Bishop Tanner informs us, that the crimes of the Secular Clergy, have been most carefully recorded and published ; and their defences as carefully concealed. We cannot, therefore, expect to form a just character of them ; and should be cautious of admitting what the Monks have left on record against them. Historians have confounded the old Secular Canons and the Monks, by calling the houses of the latter, Collegia, and the chapters of the former, Monasteria. It seems that, before the time of Edgar and Dnnslan, Monas- teries were Convents of Secular married Clergy. 2 See an account ot the endowment of the Church, after its re-establishment, vol. 1, p. 76. 3 There is no record which specifies what these new buildings consisted of; neither are there sufficient remains of many of them left, to form any probable conjecture respecting them : yet, they must have been considerable, to enable Abbot Elsing to receive Duke HrUhnuth, and to entertain him and his army (vide vol. 1, p. 84) ; or, Leofsin, one ot the Abbots who held the office of Chancellor to King Canute, to feast that Monarch several times, at this Abbey, attended by his Queen and Nobles, (vol. 1, p. 91) : likewise, the Knights and Gentlemen, who were quartered upon the Monastery, during the administration of Godfrey, from 1075 to 1078. (Ibid. p. 106). Henry II. also, with a train of Nobles, held a Council here, in 1177. Edward I. in 1297 (p. 153), and Edward II. in 1314, kept Easter here (p. 155). - * Vide vol. 1, p. 125. 5 Ibid, p. 218. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 47 stiled Dominus, which Mr. Bentham translates Lord Prior. 1 He lived separately from tlie other members ; 2 was allowed to wear a mitre, and to use the pastoral statt'. 3 He entertained all strangers of consequence who visited the Monastery. — In some reigns, he was summoned to sit in Parliament (vide Hist. v. 1, p. 223. Axis. Sacra, v. 1, p. 083), and held the same rank as Dean of other Cathedral Churches, in which the Chapter consisted of Secular Canons. 4, His residence was called the LODGE, 5 Which was built about the end of the 13th century, and occupied the scite of the present Deanery. It was constructed round a small square, or court. The buildings on the west side, which is now the residence of the Registrar to the Dean and Chap- ter, was the Great Hall, erected by Prior Crowden. 6 On the north side, stood the Re- fectory, begun by Prior Hemmingston, about 1270, and finished by him. The build- ings on the east side, are appropriated to the Prebendary of the eighth stall ; and the crypt of this building, is particularly interesting. The semicircular arches, the proportions of the columns, and the ornaments of their capitals, all bespeak very remote antiquity. The date of its erection, is about the early part of the Norman sera ; but the columns appear to have belonged to a much older building. Adjoining to this, northward, was the kitchen ; 7 and, on the south side, is Tbe PRIORI CHAPEL. By the Treasurer's account, it appears, that this curious Oratory, was erected in the 18th and 19th years of Edward II. A. D. 1321-5, by Prior Crowden, or Craweden ; in whose time, " larger, and more expensive buildings, were undertaken and carried on, than, perhaps, at any other period, since the foundation of the Church (vide Hist. v. 1, p. 220) It is evident, from the style of the building, and its ornaments, that the same eminent architect constructed this and the Lady Chapel. The form of it is a parallelogram. The dimensions, within, are 31 feet long, by 15^ feet wide ; the height, from the floor, to the centre of its once groined roof, * Dominus, T believe,, when applied to any one lower than a Knight, meant only, that the person ad- dressed was a Clergyman ; and, to such, I rather think, it was confined ; so that it seems to answer to our word " Rev 1 .''' 2 Although Fuller says tint Abbots had a separate residence, we have no mention of one here. 3 Tli is privilege was obtained of Pope John XX11I. by Prior Pozccher, in 1413. Hist. vol. 1, p. 223. * Ecclesiastics, who professed to regulate their conduct by the decrees of the Councils, and the statutes of the \ncient Fathers, were denominated Canons. — Lingard. 5 Prior Crowden built the Chapel a new Hall and Study, adjoining to his lodgings. Hist. vol. 1, p. 220. 6 In the inventory of the " Implements of Household left in the custody of Mr. Robeit Welles, Guardian, November 20th, 1539," the following rooms, in (he lodge, are mentioned : — " The Great Chamber, Prior Pet's Chamber, the next within that, Garden Chamber, Prior's Chapel, Chapell Chamber, th'inner Chamber, then Chappeleyn's chamber, and the Great Mall." - Collectanea. The offices mentioned are, the brue house, backe house, kytchyng, pantrie, and scolary." I Fuller tells us, that the Feasting in this Abbey " bare away the bell of ail others in England. 1 ' 4S SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY roof, appears to have been about I85 feet. It is divided into four compartments, by clustered columns ; from the tops of which the ribs of the vaulting sprang-. The first compartment is plain, and much larger than the others ; the last of which is raised two steps, for the altar. The floor is formed of tiles, upon which are represented the Fall of Man ; with the figures of various beasts, circles, and triangles, &c. and is perfect, except the colouring. 1 The serpent, in the picture, has a human female face. The walls were ornamented with a double niche, richly decorated with small columns, pinnacles and crockets, &c. The lower niche was perforated by a small window, which is seen in the exterior view. The upper niche has a supported pedestal, on which a figure was placed. — The third and fourth compartments, have long painted windows, each separated into two lights, by a mullion, which is uncommon in windows of that date. The tracery of these is still very perfect. At the east end is a recess, in which is the large window, divided, by four mullions, into five lights. The tracery of this is beautiful and almost entire. Being converted into a dwelling-house, the interior of this Chapel is divided into two floors ; and the length into two apartments and a passage. The north side, as far as the altar, has been faced with brick, for the insertion of chimnies ; but, it is evident, that the sides corresponded. The floor of the crypt, upon which this Chapel stands, is nearly on a level with the surrounding ground ; the entrance to it is under the west window. The entrance to the Chapel is by a stair-case, which winds within the buttress, at the north-east corner : it had a communication, from the hall, which we mentioned, by a passage, now nearly destroyed ; and the hall, which is upon a level with the floor of the Chapel, is now converted into the resi- dence of a Canon. The construction of this building, and the Prior's chamber, we find, by the Bursar's accounts, cost K38/. 8s. od. Mr. Gough has noticed the floor of this Chapel, 2 in vol. 10, of " A rch apologia and Mr. Fowler has given a print of it in his splendid publication of Mosaic and Tesselated Pavements ; but we are chiefly indebted to Mr. Wilhins, for an account of 1 These curious and expensive decorations were not confined to religious buildings. Doctor Ducarel in- forms us, that the floor of the great guard chamber of William the Conqueror, at Caen, is paved with tiles, about five inches square, baked almost to vitrification, and charged with coats of arms. Betwixt each row, in tesselated work, is a maze or labyrinth, about ten feet diameter in the centre ; the intricate meanders of which extend, at least, a mile, from the beginning to the end The remainder of the floor is iidaid with small squares, of different colours, placed, alternately, in the manner of a draught board, for the amusement of the soldiers. Adjoining to this, is the Baron's hall, 24 feet in breadth, and 27 in length, paved with tiles, and stained with figures of stags and dogs, in full chase. On account of the arms, the bearing of which did not commence so soon, some writers give these works to the end of King Johns reign, w hen he ■was loitering away his time with the beautiful Isabel. Similar to the above, but of later date, is the altar floor at Gloucester, formed by tiles of the same size as those at Ely, composing Armorial Bearings, with Texts from Scripture, and Ornamental Devices. It was the gift of Abbot S< broke, who was elected in 1450. A few years ago, a pious lady offered to supply its place with marble squares, which, fortunately, was de- clined. Mr. Carter has perpetuated this valuable specimen of art. 3 This Chapel, in his edition of Camden, is said to be a granary. Vol. 2, p. 233. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 4D of the w hole building, accompanied with plans, elevations, sections, and details, in the ]4tli vol. of " Archaeologia :" and, that gentleman, having paid particular attention to the subject, the editor lias availed himself of his scientific knowledge, in drawing up the above account. The accompanying south-east view of this Chapel, will give a correct and distinct idea of its present exterior appearance ; particularly of the east window ; the beauty of which, in the inside, is obscured by the floor. In the south view of the Cathe- dral, the approach to the Chapel, &c (through the avenue of chesnut trees, planted by the Eiy historian, in 1739-40), is shewn ; also, the buildings adjoining to it, which have just been described. 1 The grand entrance to the Monastery, from the west, 1 The Commissioners appointed by Henry VIII. in 1531, assigned the following Buildings of the Monas- tery to the members of the new-founded Cathedral Church By this account, the situation of many parts of the Monastery, as well as their appropriation, both before and after the Dissolution, are explained, and other buildings pointed out, which were afterwards destroyed. It is taken from Mr. Bent harass " Collectanea," and the original is in the library of Bene't College, Cambridge: — " The Dean s Lodging. — All' the edifices and grownd, from the g ret hall to the galery wall, westward, and from the olde hall, with the kechyn, called the Prior's kechyn, with chappel and galery southward ; with the soyle of the same, except the stuff of the kechyn, and except parcell of the kechyn, under the chappel diamine. The gret hall to be for the petit canons, with all the other menysters and officers to dyne and sup in, with the volts underneth the same ; and al-o the covent kechyn, and the Site! bathe adjoynyng to the same; with sufficient implements of kechyn stulf, botry, and napry. " Doctor Cox (1st Prebend) — The Celerer's logen, from the fermary northward, with all the edifices both beneth and above, as far as the buyldyng goth southward ; with the garden extending to the Dorter west- ward. Proviso for the old man loging dur : vita. " Dene of Sloke (2d). — The paynted chamber, from the firmere, of the south to the outermost part of the buylding northward ; and from the Church-yar.l westward ; with all the edifices beneth and above . chamber annexed to the same called is chambi r, with the Church-yard therto adjoyning ; and half the garden, with the yle adjoynyng therto. " Doctor Meije (3). — The lilack flostre from the firmary of the north, with all the edifices, both beneth and above, southward, with the chamber, s unity me the celerer's, annext therto of the east ; and the garden annexed to the same sumtyme the firniaris, with a kichen, diet, finnar : with the nether part of the Chani- berhous, bcryng half the charge of the covering of the same ; with the orchyerd agaynst the same. " Mr. Custom* (6). — Gent hall, with all the edifices, both beneth and above, from the firmary chappel north wall of the north, and the wall of the garden of the said hall, with the garden adjoynyng to the same of the south ; and from Mr. Hamond's lodgyng of the eest to the black Hostry of the west ; with Chamberer house, viz. le on pt : beryng half the charges of the coveryng the same, &c. M Mr. Aj/er 2 (5). — Mr Hamond's lodgyng, from the firmary of the west; with the edifices, both above and beneth, with garden orchyard annexed to the same ; and the litle chappel in the firmary church, except the lead, &.-. " Mr. Hamond s (7). — The almery, with all the edifices, courts, and gardens, belonging to the same ; lacking 2 chynes wyndows &c. " Doctor Lyson* (4). — The sextre hall, as it is compassed, howsser, yards, and gardens, &c. " Mr. Ward 5 (8). — The newe hall, with the audite chamber, and the chappel chamber, called Mr. Lee chambre, with the hous and vauts ther about, with the little garden, and pultre yard, and the ponds there, and the chappel chamber, and parcell of the kechyn underneth the same, lacking one paif stayrs, &c. " The chamber at the hall dore to be for an audite chamber. " For Petit Canons. — Knights chamber, vaut underneth ; John Corbet. 6 4 chambers in the gate-house for * Late Monk. 2 Bach. Divinity. 3 Late Monk. 4 Master of the Chancery. 5 Late Monk. 6 Ibid. H 50 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY west, still remains, nearly in its original state ; and is generally known by the appellation of ELY PORTA. It was begun in the time of Prior Buchton ; who occurs, as Prior, in 1366 ; and it was building, at the time of his death, in 1397, 1 as appears from the follow- ing entry in the Bursar's accounts — "Solut: Johanni 31epsale et servient: suis operant: super novas Portas per 4 Sept: post mortem ]>ni : Johannis Buckton nuper Prioris, 27s. 5d." It will seem strange, therefore, that the arms of the Confessor should be placed upon the front of this building, until it is known that Richard the Second, in whose reign it was built, having adopted the Confessor for his Patron Saint, bore also his arms, separately, and impaled with those of Eng land and France. Among other proofs of the latter mode, may be mentioned, the monumental brass of Sir Simon JFelOrig, upon which the King's standard is so represented. 2 The Prior held a monthly Court here (MS. Epi. Wren J, and the Courts of the Manors belonging to the Abbey, were held here also, by the Auditor or Super- visor, whose annual stipend was 13s. 4d. ( RotuliJ. The lower rooms of this build- ing are now converted into a Lodge for the Porter, 3 and a Brew-house for the Col- lege, and a part of the upper rooms is used for a School. The present stables and granaries, extending east, from the gate, are mentioned in the Computus, about the for 8 syngingmen. The 2 Port : his chamber and gayl howse. The shryne chamber, Colts. 1 In the fir- mary, 1 chamber next to the grownd, John Btry? 1 chamber above, William Sewal. 3 The Lady Chap- pel chamber, Jo/in Spirard 4 Chambers under one roof. John Skeel. 5 John Sloneham. 6 Thos. MawndsJ 2 chambers one above another — Nichos. Dux ford 6 W. Withred- 9 " The Malt ga ner. The schole-house, the schole Mr. chamber, the Usher's chamber, the chamber for the childer. The wax-house. The olde hall, at the hall dore. The brewhonse and the backhouse. Malt- ing-house. Long dort 1 : with the privi dortr : The Chamberer's chamber. Mil-house, with the scole- house, in the Almery. The olde hall, in the sextry. The gam 1 : in the sextry, next to the Church-yard. The bougry hall. The stones through' : in the Church-yard. The Butler to have a chambre in the volt. The stable and gam : above. The pettencyaris. The frayter. The Chapter-house to be chonged." From the same MS. it appears, that, the " Closter, Fratey, Chapter-house, Chaple of St. Kateryn's, Dorter, Fermarie, and all the chambers belonging to it, Chapell of our Lady and eniry — Prior Pe/'s cham- ber, Knight's chamber, Audite-house, Sellerer's chamber, the iner chamber, in the Sexterie, Scryne , s cham- ber, and another little one, the porche of the Secresterie, the barnes, the Covent's Kytchyn, and the Stew- crd's chamber, were all leaded." Gratitude is another circumstance that may also account for the Arms of the Confessor appearing on the front of this building ; for he was educated here ; and, by his Charter, No. II. in the Appendix to vol. I, bestowed considerable possessions upon the Church and the Monastery. 1 Hist. vol. I, p 222. 2 Sepul. Monum. vol. iv. p. 133. Cotman's Sepul : Brasses in Norfolk." 3 The office of Porter to the Priory was hereditary, in the time of Bishop Balsham, 1277, as appears by three forms of resignation of the place. — Bentham's " Collectanea." * Petty Canon, late Monk. 2 Late Monk. 3 Ibid. 4 Gospeler. 5 Grammar Scholar. 6 Late Monk, Petty- Canon. 7 Pistoler. 8 Petty Canon. 9 Late Monk. See vol. 1, Appendix, p. 40, where all those who had been Monks, hav e Sir pi t fixed to their christian names ; " being Priests, and in orders, but not in degrees, or graduated in the University."— Fullei 's Church History, book vi. p. 353. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 51 the middle of the 14th century. A range of buildings, to the westward, once connected the gate with the present Deanery; and the remains of them, with but- tressed fronts, towards the street, are shown in the annexed print. They certainly are of very great antiquity. The Crypts, upon which they stand, are supposed to have been cellars and stores, formerly ; but they are now comfortable keeping- rooms. The Almonry (the Mall and Chapel of which are mentioned in the llo- tulij, appears, by the Commission, quoted in the Notes, to have been the house now occupied by the Prebendary of the Seventh Stall, in the High-street. That, and the adjoining buildings, extending east and west, it is imagined, were the northern limits of the Monastery. SCRIPTORIUM and LIBRARY. We are not informed, where either of these places was situated ; but a Charter of Bishop Nigellus, still remaining among the records of the Church, expressly grants, to the Scriptorium of the Monastery, the tythes of Wytlesey and Impiton; two parts of the tythes of the Lordship of Pampesword, with 2s. 2d. ; and a mes- suage in Ely, " ad faciendos et emendandos lijbros." From a variety of charges, in the " llotuli Computus," relating to this and the other offices of the Monastery, the reader will find some interesting ones selected, in the subjoined Notes: 1 particularly the nature and proportion of the ingredients for ' FROM THE PRECENTOR'S ACCOUNTS. A.D. 1300. 5 dozen of parchment 2s. 6d. 401bs. of ink' fincausli) 4s. 4d. A Clerk at a halfpenny a day. A book of the decretals bought for the library 3s. 2 lbs. of the grains of paradise 4s. Beer for the ink, for one year, 9d ." Pro tabula PascaUs fac: drnovo et illuminand ;" 4s. " Speculum Gregor ;" 2s. — 1329. Half a pound of verniz " pro Scriptore ?«co," 6d. The Precentor, going to Ba/sham, to enquire for books, 6s. 7d. — 1361 6 " quarteriis papiri," 2s. 1 gall : " vini de crf.'e," 2 3s. 4 lbs corporase, 4 lbs of galls, 2 lbs. of gum arab : 3s. 4d. to make ink. — 1372. 8 calfskins, and 4 sheep skins, for covering books, 4s 4d. The organ blower, for one year, as usual, 2s. — 1374. Illuminating a Gradal (See NOTES, p. 53), and Consuetu- dinary 22s. 9d. The Amanuensis, for one year, 53s. 4d. and a tunic, 10s. — 1396. Brother Edmd. Te- dyngton, upon his begining the Bible " ut in 2 Anguillis Miss : eidem" 16d. The bookbinder, 2 week's wages, 4s. 12 iron chains to fasten the books 4s. 5 doz : vellum 25s. 8d. Expences of making an Organ, 3 " in Australi parte Ecclesia- :" — 20 stones of lead 16s. 9d. 4 white horse hides, for 4 pairs of bellows (pa- ribus de Belwes ), 7s. 8d. Ashen hoops f" circuits fraxines" J for the bellows 4d. 16 pairs de Jemewes 22d. The carpenter, 8 days making the bellows 2s. 8d. 12 springs 3d. 1 lb. of glue Id. 1 lb of tin 3d. 6 calf skins 2s. 6d. 12 sheep skins 2s. 4s. 2 lbs. of quick silver 2s. Wire, nails, cloth, hooks, and staples, &c. 12d. Fetching the organ builder, and his board, 40s. Total 4/. 8s. 5d. — Repairing and amending the small organs 2s. 6d. Board of workman with his servant, 13 weeks, 8s lOd. — 1407. Nichs. S/okes teaching the Precentor's Clerk to play upon the organ, for one year, 30s. — 1409. The Chanter teaching the boys £ of a year 10s. — 1447. 6 pair of book clasps 15d. — 1453. Win. Kyng, organist, for one year, 13s. 4d. — 1465. Writing two processionals 6s. 8d. From 1 A charge of this kind frequently occurs, and in 1320, for "20 lb. duri Incausti." May we suppose that to be Indian Ink ? which, although we do not use it for the purpose, the Chinese always write with. The Ink in common use with us, occurs afterwards. 1 Anderson, on Commerce, informs us that, in 1313, a pipe of French wine cost only 17$. or 41. 5s. of our present money. And, Henry, vol. 4, p. 488, of his History, says, Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, consumed, in his family, not less than 370 pipes in one year. 3 Bishop Nigellus granted the Tithes of Catlemere, except two acres, " ad emendationem Organorum." — Bentham's "Collectanea." Spcbnan says, that Regals, or portable Organs, were much used in England. In the fine p'rint, engraved by Strange, after Raphael, St, Cecilia is represented with one of these instruments in her hand. H 2 52 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY for making Ink, at that period ; the brilliancy and durability of which are so much admired. And it is worth notice, that, in the course of a few years, about the middle of the 1 4th century, the Precentor purchased upwards of 70 dozen of parchment, and 30 dozen of vellum, for the use of this Scriptorium. There are also various charges for books, and other things, purchased for the Library ; and persons paid for going to seek after books, in distant places, which induce FROM THE BURSAR'S ACCOUNTS. A.D. 1334. The number of the Fleeces, in 1317 and 18, was 6S83, weighing together, 39 sacca, 16 stones, and 3 lbs. at 10 marks per saccum. 1 — 1325. For building the Prior's (Crowt den's) Chapel and Chamber 138/. 8s. 5rf. For the mitre and pastoral staff of the late Bishop Orford, to li is Executors, 26/. 13s. 4d.— 1332. Gold fringe and other decorations for the Lord Prior's Capa 2 22/. 9s. SU.— 1335. 148 qrs. of Oats, and carriage of them, 14/. 6s. Sd. Two Scholars, Students at Cambridge \ of a year, 6/. 3s. 3 — 1396. Ex- pences of Burying the Prior (BuctonJ: — Black cloth for mourning, for the family, and others, against the funeral, \\l.7s.6\d. Given to the poor 100s. To the tailor for making 12 white cloaks for 12 poor people 4 7s. For saying the psalms on the day of his exequies 9s. lOd. Making 92 lbs. of wax info torches and lights 3s. 10d. N B. The wax was the Lord Prior's. 10 lbs. of candles 20d. 12 deal rafters for a herse 2s. Nails for do. lOd. The Bellman for ringing about the village 6d. Persons hired to row the Abbot of Walden to Eh/, to celebrate the Exequies and Mass of the deceased, 16d. The Subchan- tor for making the Banner-roll of the Lord Prior 20s. The Grenetor for carrying the roll 13s. 4d. The Chaplain of the Almonry 10s. Spices and other things for the funeral 8/. 2s. \0\d. Total 28/. 0s. 8|f/. — 1526. Robert Lytles Corody for one year 6/. 5 The players at the translation of St. Etheldreda 20s. Various men playing before the Lord Prior, twice this year, 7s. 4d. 41 dozen of larks 8s 6d. Mr. II orwood, Physician to the Lord Prior (Wells), 8 days attendance, 62s.— (N. B. The word "Papa"" first appears to be erased in these accounts, although the proclamation commanding it, was not issued before 1534). — A warrant of attorney 8d. Attorney's fee 20d. A saddle, bridle, and furniture, for the Lord Prior, 14s. 20 yards of cloth for the tables in the Prior's hall 7s. Ijd. 66,500 turfs 51. 12s. 6d. 52,300 leschs : 34/. 10s 8d. Cloathing the Monks, 13s. 4d. each.< ; — 1529. Expended at the Ford Cardinal's (WoU sey) visitation 43/. 1 Is. 1 It?.— 1532. The King's Singers at the feast of St. Etheldreda 20s. The minstrels at do. 12d. Thomas Parher rideing to Cambridge with the Lord Prior's water, three times, when he was sick, 3s. Qd. The Lord Prior's (Wells al : Steward) expences rideing to London, and staying there from the 14th day of March to the 7th of April, 12/. lis. 5±r/. Sundry silver vessels bought by the Lord Prior 60/.? Presents sent by him to the Coronation of the Queen of England (Ann Bolej/n) 12/. 8s. kd. From * Saccum lance, among the English, contained 26 stones of 141b. each. — Spelman. 1 Du Cange thus defines the word: " Capa vestis Species, laxioris et talaris, qua; caeteris vestibus superaddebatur, Pallii instar." Strut t says it was originally, a covering for the head, distinct from the dress, and, afterwards became an appendage to the robe, the gown, and the mantle. 3 Vide Hist. vol. 1, p. 220, note. 4 These were the torch-bearers. See Strait's Horda, vol.2, p. 108. 5 This was an allowance made to a servant of the King, or of the Prior and Convent. Peter Peutelej/, Physician and Sur- geon to the Monastery in 1401, was allowed two " Houshold Loof>," and one " Blak qr.-wyht Loof," one measure of good ale called " Karite," out of the same vessel from whence the Convent was served ; a mess from the kitchen I he same as the Monks were served with in the refectory, on flesh and fish days; also with four yards of russet cloth, more inclining to black; with 6s. 8d. at Christmas; and a respectable (honestum) and sufficient Chamber for his residence in the Monastery for life — on condition that he attended the Brethren, as Physician and Surgeon, without any other allowance, except for medicines. N. B Several similar grants occur in the records. — MS. Epi : Elien ; "Collectanea." 6 The habits of the Monks consisted of a black loose coat of stuff, reaching down to the heels, with a cowl or hood of the same, and a scapular, or narrow piece of cloth, over the rest, falling over the back and breast, from the neck to the feet; under the coat, a habit of white flannel, as large as the former, and boots. 7 A MS. in Benc't College Library, states that, the "Basons, Pottes, Gobletts, Bolls, Ulasers with Covers, Spoones, Salts, gilt and plain," remaining in the hands of this Prior, as Guardian, at the surrender of tiie Monastery, weighed 489| ounces: and Mr. Bentham observes, that his bequest of 286 ounces afterwards, was only a restoring of so much plate to the Church. (Hist. vol. 1, p. 227.) However complying this person might be when he was Dean, Richard Crumwell wrote word that he was " of a fro'Jiaid sorte," in a letter from. Runisey, preserved in the Cotton Library. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 53 induce us to suppose, that many valuable works were deposited here ; Mr. Spel- man, in his " Collectanea," has given the titles of a few of them. 1 GARDEN, ORCHARD, and VINEYARD. So early as the time of Abbot Brithnoth, there was a Garden and Orchard to this Monastery, planted with the choicest fruit trees, in the most beautiful order, (Hist. vol. 1, p. 79.) And, by an inquest, taken in 1229, it appears, that the Prior and Convent had a Prison, a Court, and Vineyard, in the Close of the Priory, which contained sixteen acres of land, a Garden of six acres, and a windmill — and two of these items are celebrated in the following Monkish Distich : — " JIasc sunt FJtyce, Lanterna, Capella Marias, " Ast niolendinion, multum dans vinea vinum." In 1332, the Cellarer accounts for three year's rent of " 6 acr. terre jacentium infra clausum vince" at 3s. a year ; the keeper of the vineyard's wages, lO^d. a week, and a robe, annually, of ]0s. value ; also for the sale of two bushels of green grapes ( uvarum J 7s. Gd. If the last article is considered as the overplus or refuse of the vintage (for it is not likely that the whole year's produce was sold), it conveys no contemptible idea of the state of Horticulture in the Monastery at that early period. The Vineyard, the Orchard, and the Garden, as well as the keepers' name, and the articles sold out of each, are particularly distinguished in the Computus, especially the two first, Vinea and Pomarium ; a circumstance which very materially affects the assertion, that historians meant a Gardener by Vinitor, and an Orchard of Apple Trees, by the word Vinea. See Notes to History, p. 63. The SCHOOL of the MONASTERY. In what part of the Monastery this was situated, before the dissolution, we know not; but we find the collation of John Downliam, jun. to the Mastership of it, in 14 48, by Prior Wells; who stiles him " Relatu fide dignorum et e.vpe- riencia planus informali" He was licensed for 15 years, to teach Grammar with- in the Grammar School of the ^Monastery, and no where else, to five charity boys. He was also to perform divine service, three days every week, in the Chapel of the FROM THE ALMONER'S ACCOUNTS. A. D. 1327. 2 calves sold 2s. 15 young pigs 8s. 3 bushels of salt, to salt an ox, ll|d. A bridle 10s. — 1337. 2 quarters of corn 9s. 4d. 5 quarters 1 of mesling 20s. 11 qrs. of pease 31s. 12 qrs. of oats 17s. 6 oxen 4/. Winnowing 33 qrs. 1 bush, of corn, and cleaning 46 qrs. 2 bush, of pease, 2s. 8d. Weeding 16 acres of corn and 33 acres of barley 4s. Sd. Heaping 17 acres of com, 9d. per acre. 21 acres of barley at lOd. 5 acres of pease at 9d. with victuals. Bread given to the poor annually, on Anniversaries, 28/. 16*. Id. 89 " Slodes pro s£«wro'' 3 Is. lid. A carpenter eight days 4s. 6d. 1 Liber variorum Cassiodori. Questioncs Bedae, super Genesim. Aldelmus de Virginitate, prosa et car- mine. Vitruvius. ltinerarium Antonini. Paschasius liadbcrtus, super lamentationes Hieremias. Andreas, super Heptacum. Andreae historica expositio super Esaiam, Hieremiam, & Danielem. — Vol. 3, p. 272, Antiquarii Collectanea. 1 A quarter, Gale says, is eight bushels, or a horse loacL 54 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY the Almonry ; and three days every week, in the Chapel of the Virgin ; and on Sundays and holydays, wherever he chose. Besides this, he was to teach the junior brethren, for one hour and a half, before three o'clock each day, in a room to be assigned by the Prior f Wells J within the Monastery. For the last, he was to be paid by the brethren ; and he was to be allowed a proper school-room, a chamber to live in, a gown annually, with 17*. 4d. in silver. For performing service in the Lady Chapel, 26s. 8d. and, for service in the Almonry, seven monk's loaves, and seven gallons (laginasj of the best ale, sub spuma; and a monk's mess, every day, from the kitchen of the Convent, with pittances, when they were allowed to the monks; also the best cloth, the same as they were allowed. 1 Mention is made of " Domus Carnijicis coquina Dni Prioris Portas Eliensis." Bishop Eustatius, considering how much more conveniently and decently (honeste) the beer, and other things, might be conveyed through the Cloister ( Claustrum ) to the Refectory, granted the Monks a place to make a Cellar, between the Re- fectory " et murum Porticus," in the way from his chamber to the Church ; and a way, eight feet wide, from their bake-house ( Pistrino sua J to the said Cellar. Which grant was confirmed by Pope Innocent. Bishop Halsham, in 1258, gave to the Monks, his brew-house ( bracinum J in Ely, built opposite his fish-ponds ( vivariij situated between the Queen's chamber ( eameram regince J and the Monk's mill! 2 But Mr. Bentham seems not to have ascertained whereabouts the above Cellar, Refectory, Murum Porticus, Bake-house, Brew-house, Bishop's Chamber, or Monk's Mill, were situated. There is mention made, also, in the Sacrist's accounts, of a chamber in the Infirmary called Helle. Rooms, so denominated, occur in the history of other religious houses ; and some with the pleasant appellations of Heaven and Paradise. The above room might have been appropriated to the sick, or the confinement of an offending Secular Priest, or refractory Monk. 3 An account of the principal Officers of the Monastery, and their respective duties, will be found in this History, vol. 1, p. 12(5. But the reader will find a fuller account, in the admirable preface to Bishop Tanner's " Notitia Monas- tica, edited by Mr.- Nasmith.* We have observed, that the Portarius was an hereditary office, in this Monastery. The importance of it may be conceived from the circumstance of three persons, who filled that department at Newenham, in Devonshire, having been advanced to the dignity of Abbots. 5 The Janitor was an in- ferior officer : and we find Richard de Spalding 's annual fee, the Janitor of this Monastery, in 1335, was no more than 6s. 8d. 6 The following Officers of inferior note, 1 Benlham's Collectanea. 2 Ibid. 3 See the Preface to Tanner's Notitia, 17S7, p. xvii. note d. * Who has added a very copious list of Books and MSS. relating to the Monastery and Church of Ely. 5 Mon. Angl. vol. I, p. 932, 933. 6 Bmthani's Collectanea. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 55 note, are mentioned in the Rotuli : — Senescalus Hospich Dili: Prioris, Aurifrixa- rius, Emptor Ciborum, Emptor Ovorum, Senescalus terrarum, Potager Conventus, Graingiarus, Porcarius, Stabularius, and Piscator, who had their residence in the Monastery, with their regular stipends, and liveries, or gowns. Many more, of this class, are given in the Appendix to the History of Croyland, p. 52. Although the number of Monks was ordered, by Bishop Northwold, who visited this house, in 1201, to be made up to 70, according to ancient custom ; the greatest number, which appears in the Chamberlain's accounts, from 1258 to 1533, is 51. Prom those documents also we learn, that the number was con- stantly varying from 51 to 32. That, after the plague, in 1349, the number, in- cluding the Prior, was only 28 ; and, that the average number of 28 years, was 41. Seven years before they were dissolved, there were only 36 Monks and the Prior, in the Monastery. At the time of the dissolution, the possessions of the Monas- tery were estimated at £1084, 6s. 9%d. clear yearly value, according to Dugdale, and £1301, 8s. 2d. according to Speed. 1 It 1 About 380 Houses were dissolved, by the Act of 1535 ; and a revenue, of 30 or £32,000 a year, came to the Crown, with £100,000 in plate and jewels. By the suppression of the greater Houses, in 1540, the King gained a revenue of about £ 1 00,000 ; besides a large sum in plate and jewels By the A ct of 1548, 90 Colleges, 110 Hospitals, and 2374 Chantries and free Chapels were destroyed. In return for these, we are indebted to Henry VIII. for 13 Cathedrals, that Monarch having turned the Priors and Monks of Canterbury, Winches- ter, Durham, Worcester, Rochester, Norwich, Ely, and Carlisle, into Deans and Prebendaries. The pos- sessions of the Regular Clergy, at the dissolution, somewhat exceeded £140,000. But Bishop Burnet sup- poses them to have been worth ten times that sum. Mr. Nasmith says, if we suppose the annual rent to be £200,000, we shall probably not exceed the truth; and that sum may be considered equivalent to £2,000,000 in these days ; estimating the value of land to be now ten times greater than it was in Henry VIlI.'s reign. Supposing the present rental of the kingdom is not less than £20,000,000, it will then follow, that the pos- sessions of the religious houses did not exceed a tenth part of the landed property of the times. — Notitia Monastica, Edit. 1787. Copy of the Surrender of Ely Monastery, by the Prior and Convent, Nov. 18, 31° Henr. 8. " Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens Scriptum nostrum pervenerit Robertus Stezsarde Prior Mo- nasterii et Ecclesie Cathedralis Eliensis Ordinis Sancti Benedicti et ejusdem loci Conventus Salutem in Do- mino sempiternam Novcritis nos pretatos Priorem et Conventum unanimi consensu et assensu nostris animis deliberatis certa scientia & mero motu nostris ex quibusdam causis justis et rationabilibus nos animas & con- scientias nostras specialiter moventibus ultro sponte ac voluntarie dedisse & concessisse ac per prescntes damns concedimus reddimus deliberamus et confirmamus Illustrissimo Invictissimoque in Christo Principi et Domino nostro Domino Henrico octavo Dei Gratia Anglie et Francie Regi Fidei Defensori Domino Hibernie ac in Terris Supremo Capiti Ecclesie Anglicane Totum dictum Monasterium nostrum ac totum scitum fun- dum circuitum et precinctum ejusdem Monasterii Eliensis nec non omnia et singula Maneria Messuagia Gar- dinia Curtilagia Tofta Terras et Tenementa nostra Prata Pascua Pasturas Boscos Subboscos Kedditus Rever- tiones Serviti Molendina Passagia Feoda M ilitum Wardas Maritagia Nativos villanos cum eorum Sequelis Communias Libertates Franchesias Jurisdictiones Officia Curias Lctas Hundredas Visus Plegii Feria Mer- cata Parcos Warrena Vivaria Aquas Fiscarias Vias Climina vacuos Fundos Advocationes Nominationes Presentationes et Donationes Ecclesiarum Vicariarum Capellarum Cantariarum Hospitalium et aliorum Be- neficiorum Ecclesiasticorum quorumcunque Rectorias Vicarias Cantarias Pensiones Portiones Annuitates Decimas Oblationes ac omnia et singula Emolumenta Proficua Possessiones Hereditamenta et Jura nostra quecunque tarn infra dictam Diocesin Eliensem quam alibi infra Regnum Anglie Wallie et Marchiarum eorundem eidem Monastcrio quoquo modo pcrtinentia spectantia appendentia sivc incumbentia ac omnes Car- tas Evidentias omniaque Scripta et Munimcnta nostra dictis Monasterio Maneriis Terris et Tenementis ac ceteris SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY It is a circumstance greatly in favour of the Monks of this house, that several of them were advanced to most eminent situations in the Church and State; and even at the dissolution, many of them were retained in the offices of this Cathedral. The venerable Historian has done justice to the great, learned, and good men, who were educated or presided within these walls, without the fear of offending, " by an endeavour," as Bishop Tanner expresses it, " to infuse a better opinion of Monasteries into the generality of Protestants ;" and we will add the name of an individual to those whom he has recorded. Alexander Barclay, an elegant and polite writer of the sixteenth century ; the author of " the Ship of Fools and, in the title of his " Mirrour of good Man~ tiers" called " a Priest and Monk of Ely." This person was Vicar of IJaddow magna, in Essex, and greatly admired for his wit and eloquence ; he died, at an advanced age, at Croydon, in 1552. ceteris premissis cum pertinentiis seu alicui inde parcelle quoquo modo spectantia sive concementia Haben- dum tenendum et gaudendum dictum Monasterium Scitum F nudum Gircuitum et Precinclum predicti Mo- nastcrii ncc nou omnia et singula VI aneria Dominia Messuagia Gardinia Curtilagia Tofta Terras et Tene- menta ac cetera premissa cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinentiis prefato Invictissimo Principi et Domino nostro Kegi Ileredibus et Assignatis suis in perpetuum cui in liac parte ad omnem juris effectum qui exinde sequi potcrit aut potest nos et dictum Monasterium ac omnia Jura Nobis qualitercunque acquisita (ut dccet) subjiciinus et submittimus omnem et omnimodam plenam et liberam facultatem auctoritatem & potestatem nos et dictum Monasterium una cum omnibus et singulis Maneriis Terris Tenementis Kedditibus Reversioni- bus Servitiis et singulis Premissis cum suis Juribus et Pertinentiis quibuscunque disponendi ac pro suo libere Regie voluntatis libito ad quoscunque usus Majestati sue placentes alienandi donandi convertendi et trans- ferendi hujus modi dispositiones alienationes dona convertiones et translationes per dictam Majestatem suam quovis modo fiendas extunc ratificantes ratas & gratas ac perpetuo firraas habituros promittimus per presentes Et ut premissa omnia et singula suuin debitum sortiri valeant effectum elect ionibus insuper nobis & succes- soribus nostris nec non omnibus querelis provocationibus appellation ibas actionibus litibus et instanciis aliisque quibuscunque nostrils remediis et beneficiis nobis forsan et Successoribus nostris in ea parte pre- textu dispositionis alienationis translationis et conversionis predictarum et cetcrorum premissornm qualiter- cunque competentibus et competituris omnibusque doli erroris mctus ignorantie vcl alterius materie sive dis- positionis exceptionibus objectionibus et allegalionibus prorsus semotis et depositis palam publice et expresse ex certa nostra scientia animisque spontaneis Renuntiavimus et Cessimus prout per presentes Renunliamus cedimus et ab eisdem Kccedimus in hiis Script is Et nos predicti Prior et Conventus ac Successores nostri dictum Monasterium precinctum Scitum Mansionem Monasterii predicti ac omnia et singula Maneria Domi- nia Messuagia Gardinia Curtilagia Tofta Prata Pascua Pasturas Boscos Sub-boscos Terras Tenementa ac omnia et singula cetera premissa cum suis pertinentiis universis prefato Domino nostro llegi Ileredibus et Assignatis suis contra omnes Gentes warrantizabimus in perpetuum per presmtes In Quorum omnium et sin- gulorum premissornm fidem et testimonium nos prefati Prior et Conventus SigiHum nostrum commune pre- sentibus apposuinius Datis in domo nostro capitulari decimo octavo die mensis Novembris Anno Rcgni suprascripti Illustrissimi llegis Hemici Octavi Tricessimo primo." " per me Kobertum Steward per me Wyllhelmum Sewall per me Iiicardum Dennys Priorem per me Johannem Warde Johannes Spyrard t( per me Uobertum Subpriorem per me Johannem Skyle Johannes YVhjtby " per me Thomam Hex per me Willhelmum Whitred per me Tliomam Outlaw " per me Johannem Ely per me Nicolaum Duxfer Thomas Mawnse " Johannes Corbett Johannes Bery Thomas Bra by " Edmund tts Cots per me Kobertum Taverham \\ ilihelmus Salebank £C per me Kobertum Sotton per me Thomam Uayarston Willhelmus Hand." " per mc Johannem Stonham OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 57 The TOWER, SOUTH-WEST TRANSEPT, aird GALILEE. The following Account, of the above parts of the Church (with the Notes marked B.) was discovered among- Mr. BenthanVs MSS. since 1812 : it was prepared for publication by him, apparently, from " The Description of the Addi- tions and Alterations of the Original Plan of the Cathedral," drawn up jointly by himself and Mr. Essex, which will be found in the Addenda: — " The Fabrick of the present Cathedral Church of Ely, was begun by Simeon, the 9th Abbot, between the year 1082, and 1094: 1 how far the building was car- ried on by him, is not easy to say : only we find, that this Abbot meeting with much trouble, towards the end of William the Conqueror's reign, and under King William II. the work was frequently interrupted, and went on but slowly. How- ever, it was resumed, and carried on with more vigour, by Richard, the 10th and last Abbot, who succeeded in the year 1100; and finished the east end, the ad- joining cross, with a tower 2 on the intersection, and made some progress in build- ing the nave or body of the Church : he also fitted up the Choir, and having re- moved the bodies of the four principal Saints, Etheldreda, Sexburga, Ermenilda, and Withburga, from the old Conventual Church, and deposited them in their several shrines, at the east end of this new Church; Divine Service was performed the first time in it, on the 17th day of October, 1106*: and the next year, this Abbot died. " In the year 1109, this Abbey was converted to a Bishoprick, and Hervey, Bishop of Bangor, translated to this new-erected See: he procured of King Hen. I. a Charter for dividing the Abbey lands and possessions, between the Bishop, and the Prior and Convent ; and by the same Charter, the Bishop got himself, and his successors, discharged from the expences and charge of maintaining the Fabrick, which thenceforth was vested in the Prior and Convent, to carry on the building, and keep it in repair. Several of the Bishops, however, though, strictly speaking, under no obligation to it, have nevertheless, out of their liberality, and zeal for the honour of God, thought fit to contribute largely both to the support and mag- nificence of the building ; as we shall have occasion to observe afterwards. " Whether Bishop Hervey, or his immediate successor JYigellus, who succeeded in 1133, and died in 1169, did any thing towards the building of the Church, we have no particular account ; it appears, however, very evident, that the work was not neglected, but was going on all their time : for when Geoffry Ridel, the 3d Bishop, was promoted to this See, in 1174, he found the whole nave or body of the Church completed ; the foundations also of the western cross, with the tower on 1 Supra, p. 108. 2 The Inventory before quoted mentions " 6 Belles great and small in the Lanthorne," and " six great and small in the great steple." 38 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY on the intersection, and of the vestibule or porch at the end, were laid; and these were all carried up in height even with the middle story of the nave. Thus far the whole Fabrick was constructed in the Saxon or Norman mode of building, with circular arches, round-headed windows and doors, and large pillars, with plain capitals ; the same style that had continued, with little or no variation, from the time of the Norman Conquest. By this time, which was in the reign of Henry II. a new style of Architecture, had made its appearance, and began to be generally used in this kingdom : it differed from the former, in that it was lighter, more airy, and richer in ornaments ; but its chief characteri stick was in the form of the arches, heads of the doors and windows, which were not circular but pointed. — Bishop Ridel gave us the first specimen of it here, in that building which he added to the Church ; " He finished the new work (says my Author), towards the west, with the tower almost up to the top." 1 This new work, as it is called, is the upper story of the western cross or transept : — it is not said, that he began the work, but finished it, in the new mode of building, then lately introduced. 2 It is easy to be discerned, where this new work begins ; the lower part, built before his time, having circular arches and windows ; but the upper story pointed ; and is more ornamented in all its members. He also carried up the great western tower, at the same time, above the roof of the nave ; intending there to have finished it, either with a platform and battlements, or with a spire ; the latter seems most probable ; because the inner part of the tower in this place is con- tracted, and formed from a square to an octagon : but dying in the year 1189, he did not quite finish his design. Bishop 1 The West Prospect, which accompanies this Account, is from one of the four plates engraved for Willis's Survey of this Cathedral All of which were fortunately procured in excellent condition, and are added to this Supplement. They cannot boast of graphic perfections, or a close attention to Archi- tectural minutiae ; but they represent parts of the building, as (hey were in 1730, which have since been altered or done away. In the view before us, the style and general character of the South Transept, the Tower, and Galilee, are shewn ; and, by comparing this with the succeeding S. W. View, it will be seen how much the present striking appearance of this part of the Church owes to the late worthy and generous Bishop Yorke, who, at his own expence, lowered the ground before the front, removed the clumsy doors at the entrance, erected the iron gates, and restored all the mouldings and ornaments of this Porch, with nice attention to the originals. A circular building, with a dome-like top, on the north-side of the Cathe- dral, appears in this view. By some this is supposed to be the Church of St. Cross, by others a Chapel corresponding with one which was attached to the east side of the south-west Transept ; the opening into both being through the grand semicircular arches yet remaining. There are, however, material objections to those ideas, for the north-west Transept with its Chapel, if ever there was one, were down in the time of Henry V. or VI. The Church of St, Cross was taken down, when the Lady Chapel was granted to Trinity parish, in 1566, and the remains cleared away in 1662. 2 '* Novum opus versus Occidentem, cum turre usque ad cumulum fere perfecit." MSS. Harleian, 258, and 3721. In Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 631, this passage is misrepresented ; for instead of versus Occiden- tem, we there read, usque Occidentem ; which perverts the sense, and is inconsistent with what follows ; for if Bishop Ridel carried on his work quite to the west end, there would have been no room left for the new Galilee, which is afterwards said to have been built at the west end, from the ground ( a fundamentis ) by Bishop Eustace. Doubtless the true reading is versus Occidentem, and so it is found in both the MSS. above cited, and makes the account intelligible aud perfectly consistent, when compared with the building itself.-^. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. " Bishop Longchamp, who succeeded the same year, viz. 1189, added nothing that we know of, to the Fabrick : but his successor, in 1197, Eustace, the 5th Bishop, " built the new Galilee toward the west, from the foundations." 1 A doubt, indeed, has been raised — which is the building that was called the New Galilee f For Bishop Tannery in his description of this Church ; 2 took it to be the western Cross or Transept. But that by no means answers the description ; the Galilee, by the account above given of it, was an uniform building, being built from the foundations ; and therefore, we must suppose, in one and the same mode ; whereas that Transept evidently consists of two very distinct kinds of Architecture ; the lower part in the Saxon or Norman mode, with circular arches, as before observed; and the upper only in the new mode, with pointed : and as there is no other part of the building, at the west end, but the Vestibule or Porch, that corresponds with the above account given of the new Galilee, 3 we may fairly conclude that to be it. " But here it will be necessary to obviate a difficulty the reader may observe in this account, and the seeming inconsistency there is in it: for I have just now said, that Bishop Ridel found not only the Western Cross and the Tower ; but likewise the Vestibule or Porch at the end, begun, and carried up as high as the middle story of the nave : — which seems to contradict what I have now said of the New Galilee being built from the foundation by Bishop Eustace. " In order to explain this matter, let us enquire, whether this new Galilee or Porch, was an addition to the west end, first made by Bishop Eustace ; or only re-built 'i — Now that there was some other large building there before, will appear highly probable, from the following considerations : — First, so large and weighty a structure as the western tower, built upon four lofty pillars, connected by wide arches, seems necessarily to require abutments on all sides, sufficient to hinder the spreading of the arches, which would occasion the ruin of the tower. It must be observed, in the next place, that before these pillars were new cased, and the arches contracted, in the manner we now see them, the pillars were smaller, and the arches wider, than they now are, and formed four very spacious apertures ; one of them towards the east, opening into the nave, one on the north side, and one on the south side, opening into the two buildings that form the transept or cross; 4 and another, of equal dimensions, towards the west. Now the three former sides 1 " Ipse construxit novam Galilaeam a fundamentis, versus Occidentem." MSS. Harleian, 238, and 3721. Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 634 B. 2 Willis's Mitred Abbies, vol. 1, p. 268.— B. 3 Why this building was called the Galilee, I do not meet with any satisfactory account; only 1 observe that there was a part in other Cathedral Churches distinguished by that name, and I think at the west end ; as at Durham. Godwin de Praesulibus Angl. p. 735 and 751 ; and also at Lincoln ; for in the Ichnography of Lincoln Cathedral, by Hollar, in the 3d vol. of Dugdale's Monasticon, on the south end and west sida of the great cross isle is a building called Curia Galileos, and at p. 287, it is said to be the place where the Gallery Court used to be kept. — B. * The traces of the roof, so evident upon the north face of the Tower, prove the existence of a Transept, on that side ; and that it was as high, at least, as the one on the south. Hence. 12 * 00 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY sides of the tower were sufficiently provided with abutments, by the adjoining buildings, into which they opened 5 but the arches of the nave, conspiring with those under the tower, must have overturned the pillars on the west side, unless supported by some sufficient abutment on that part ; and therefore there is great reason to believe, there must have been, originally, some large building or other, carried up with the tower westward, to serve as an abutment on that side also. — This way of reasoning is now confirmed, by what has appeared on a late accurate survey of the whole Fabrick, and the particular parts of it ; when the evident traces of some older building on the west side of the tower, and connected with it, were plainly discovered ; and from that, and other corroborating circumstances, particularly the great thickness of the walls of the porch, unnecessary for a build- ing of that height, we are now induced to believe, that on building this new Porch or Galilee, they did not take down the old work entirely, but left enough of it standing to preserve the abutment, and then by new casing it entirely from the ground, brought it into its present form : and this agrees perfectly well with the account given us above of Bishop Eustace, that he built this structure a fun- damentis. This Galilee, or Porch, as we now call it, is the earliest specimen we have of that light airy kind of Architecture, that afterwards so generally pre- vailed in the reign of Henry III. it is a light elegant structure, and consisted of two stories, without any windows on the sides, 42 feet in length, and 22 feet wide within : on the outside, it is adorned with four rows of small marble pillars and arches, one above another. The upper story was enlightened with three narrow oblong windows at the west end, set close together, the middle light being higher than those on each side : the lower story received its light only through a grand portal open to the west, divided into two openings, by a small pillar, composed of four slender marble shafts ; the arch of this portal is decorated with running borders of roses and light foliage, elegantly carved ; and the sides within are set off with open galleries, in two tires, supported by slender pillars of Purbeck mar- ble, the capitals of which consist of open spreading foliage, in very elegant taste ; and it is vaulted with chalk, between arches and cross-springers of free-stone, in the manner of Salisbury Cathedral : at the east end of this porch, is another por- tal of equal dimensions with the former, but more embellished with carving, and the sides of this portal are ornamented with perpendicular channels or grooves, in which are inserted marble shafts, bearing some resemblance to the cabled flut- ings of the Corinthian column. Within this portal are the folding doors, making the principal entrance into the Church." 1 The Hence, it may not be presuming too much, if we conclude, that they agreed with each other in style and dimensions ; since the magnificence and beauty of the Fagade, depended greatly upon their uniformity in those particulars ; and it may be observed, as a very singular circumstance, in the history of this Church, that no certain information can be obtained, respecting the fall or removal of this Transept, although Mr. Bentham supposes the event to be so recent as the time of Henry the Fifth or Sixth j and that the foundar tion, of what we now see remaining, was laid in the reign of Henry the Eighth. 1 See the Plate of the Interior of the Galilee. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 61 The LADY CHAPEL. The original Building, which was appropriated to the Virgin, stood on the op- posite side of the Church. 1 The entrance to it was through an arch, in the south aile of the choir, where a monument is erected, to the memory of Bishop Laney? The account of the present Chapel, was one of the subjects intended by the Ely Historian for publication at some future period. Nothing, however, in a digested state, appears among his papers, respecting it. All the assistance to be derived from his labours, must be gleaned from the particulars dispersed in his History of the Cathedral, and from the accounts of the Sacrist, and Keeper of St. Mary's Altar, the most essential parts of which Mr. Bentham has carefully transcribed. From these it appears, that, on the Feast of the Assumption, A. D. 1321, and in the time of Bishop Hotham, this fine specimen of Church Architecture, of the 14th century, was begun, at the expence of the Convent, 3 by John de Wisbech, a Monk of this Church, and overseer of the works, after a design of Alan de Walsingham, the #«£-Prior, a fellow Monk, and a most skillful architect and mechanic, who laid the first stone. The work was continued through the time of Bishop Mont acute. That Prelate was a munificent benefactor to the building ; and, would have completed it, if death had not prevented him, in the year 1345. After his decease, the Convent, Alan de Walsingham then being Prior, zealously prosecuted the work ; and finished it in the Episcopate of Bishop Ulsle? A. D. 1349. The building is one hundred feet in length ; forty-six feet in breadth ; and sixty feet high, in the inside. 6 Its general form, on the outside : the pedemental finish of the east and west ends, or fronts, 6 capped with open battlements, and the mas- sive receding buttresses, with spiring pinnacles, give it the appearance of King's College Chapel, at Cambridge ; and, thence an opinion has prevailed, that the designer of that magnificent structure, borrowed his ideas from this. 7 Mr. Ben- tham 1 There were two Chapels at Bury appropriated to the worship of the Virgin : one at the east end of the Church, small ; and one on the north side, large. " Of all the Saints invoked by the Church of Rome, the Virgin Mother holds the pre-eminence, her influence with her Son being unrivalled. Her praises were sung by the Saxon Poets." — Lingard, p. 272. 2 A bull is still remaining among the archives of the Church, dated 1303, licencing two Monks to perform mass for the souls of John Pekham and Richard Down- ham, in this Chapel. — Bentham. 3 In the Life of Bishop Montacute, it is recorded, that, while John de Wisbech dug the foundation of this Chapel, with his own hands, he discovered, among other things, a brass pot, full of money, with which he paid the workmen's wages as long as it lasted. — Leland's Codec, vol. 1, p. 606. * The building, with all its decorations, was finished in 28 years and 13 weeks.— Ibid. 5 Had this Chapel been placed at the east end of the Cathedral, as is the case at Gloucester, Winchester, and many other Churches, Ely would have been the longest Cathedral in England. 6 For the east front see the north-east view of the Church, and for the west front, the view of the North Transept. 7 " Rare is also the art, in the Chapel of St, Maries, at Ely, the pattern or parent of that in King's College, Cambridge, tho' here (as often elsewhere hath it happened) the child hath overgrown the Father."— Fuller 's Worthies* 62 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY tham only says, " it is formed on the same plan," meaning, that both the build- ings are without pillars or arches, and depend solely, for their support, upon the four single buttresses on each side, and the double ones at the corners. On the summits of the fronts, there is a tabernacle, surmounted with a cross ; and, on the hips of the inclined parapets, there are remains of open battlements. The spaces beneath, around the heads of the large windows, are filled with niches ; ten of them at the east, and eleven at the west end of the building. — From thence, down each side of the west window, to the base, there are three, of much larger dimensions, with spandles and armorial shields. Six others, the same size, fill the space under the window. There are also niches in the sides of the pinnacles on the corner buttresses; all these are highly decorated with canopies, crockets, and tinials. The pedestals remain in them all, but of 32 figures, which they once supported, not one is left to shew the statuary's abilities. 1 At the lower end of the north aile of the Cathedral, there is a finely-ornamented arch, before which the monument of Dean Ccesar was placed, when it was re- moved out of the Presbytery, upon the removal of the Choir. Through that arch, there was formerly an inclosed passage, to the Lady Chapel ; 2 the pavement of which was tesselated, but that is no longer visible ; and the present communica- tion to it, is through a round-headed door-way, in the north-east corner of the north transept, which is apparently coeval with that building. 3 To give a proper idea of the interior of the Lady Chapel, without the assistance of the opposite view, would be almost impossible ; but with the assistance of Mr. Mackenzie's accurate pencil, the reader, it is hoped, will be enabled to compre- hend its beauties, and the following attempt at description : — A stone seat, sixteen inches high from the ground, and about the same breadth from the wall, is continued round the building, except where the entrance into it, or the door-ways of the vestry-rooms, break the line. Upon the seat, nineteen arches are erected, on each side, eleven at the east end, and eight at the west. — The two arches at the extremities, and that in the centre of the east end, are larger than the others. The canopies over these consist of an Ogee head of sin- gular beauty, much radiated, and inclining forward ; the apex finishes in a neat pedestal, upon which is the figure of a Saint. From the sides of the arch, rises a pediment, richly crocketed, and terminated with a finial. The interior of the pediment is filled with sculptured mosaics, upon which, in alto relievo, are repre- sented, passages from the legendary history of the Virgin. The arches are divided into two stalls each, by a slender column, on the summit of which is another small figure. 4 Pilasters of Purbeck marble, rising about eleven feet high from the 1 Within ami without side this Chapel, -when finished, there were 147 images, besides the small ones in the table above the altar. — Lei and ut supra. 2 John de Wisbech finished the wood-work, and covered it with lead, at the door of entrance into the Chapel. — Ibid. 3 This door is shewn in the view of the Tran-v sept. * In consequence of the number, and superior finish, of these stalls, Mr. Cole and Mr. Essex were of OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 63 i the ground, with pinnacled tops, separate the arches from each other in front. 1 — Above these stalls, and eleven feet and a half from the floor, is an entablature, consisting of an architrave, formed by a receding hollow, and a frieze, surmounted (under the windows only), with an open parapet. 2 In the upright spaces, between the windows, there are two tabernacles, one above the other ; with canopies, similar to those just described ; but with finials, instead of pedestals. The backs of these are subdivided also, by a mullion-like moulding, which rises to the springing of the heads of the windows ; and there forms an impost ; from which the ribs, of the groined roof, diverge in every direc- tion, and, by their intersections, which are studded with bosses of heads, flowers, passages from Scripture, and the history of the Virgin, &c. painted and gilded, a beautiful tracery is formed down the middle of the vault. The spaces on the sides of the great windows, are filled with similar enrichments ; those at the east end spiring up to the roof. The lofty and spacious windows, on the sides of the Chapel, are divided into four, the east window into seven, and the west into eight lights each ; the two last are again divided, horizontally, by embattled transomes. The tracery of the whole is finely imagined and varied ; especially that of the large one ; but, it is painful to add, that the stone of which they are formed, is crumbling away, being what is called Chinch. The altar is elevated, several steps ; and the arches on the side walls rise in the same manner, for that space. The present altar-piece is totally at variance with the style of the Chapel, and covers several of the arches. In the north-west corner buttress, there is a stair-case, which leads to the inner roof of stone, as well as the outer or slated roof. The space between them, is lighted by quatre- foil openings in the sides of the building, as in King's College. At the period when this building was erected, the English nation had arrived at a high pitch of glory. The arts shone with a splendor greatly superior to that which they had exhibited in preceding reigns ; and, as Mr. Carter observes, " the Monarch (Edward III.) being as munificent as he was brave, the encouragement given by him, to learning and the arts, was unbounded." Were it possible to re- pair of opinion, that this building was, originally, designed for the Chapter-house ; and that the centre one, at the east end, being larger than the others, proves the conjecture to be just. 1 Doctor Drake first pointed out, in his History of York, and its Cathedral, that the marble of which these pilasters and small columns are formed, was brought from the isle of Purbeck, near Corf, in the county of Dorset. Before that time, it was supposed to be factitious, or brought from Caen, in Normandy. The quarries have, long since, been worked out. This material was very much used, in our Churches, in the reign of Henry III. when the slender round pillars, encompassed with detached marble shafts, were the fashion. See Mr. Bentham's judicious remarks upon the bad consequences of cutting the marble horizon- tally, from the quarry. Hist. vol. 1, p. 39. Also Bishop Lyttleton's Account of Exeter Cathedral, pub- lished by the Society of Antiquaries. 2 There were similar open parapets in St. Stephen's Chapel, the pre- sent House of Commons; these had been filled with stained glass, on which were flowers, and diapered ornaments, of various colours ; and, it is supposed, that, upon certain occasions, lights were placed behind them. — Smith's Antiquities of Westminster 3 p. 153. 64 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY pair the mutilated figures which remain ; to replace those that are for ever gone ; to remove the incrustation of body colour, which choaks up the beautiful and in- finite variety of carvings ; to renew the gilding and original colouring, covered by the white-washer's brush ; and to restore the fine stained windows of the Chapel, it might vie with any contemporary edifice in the kingdom. To give a faint idea of its once commanding appearance, the accompanying View is divested of its modern furniture of pulpit, pews, altar-piece, and mural monuments ; the last, we lament to say, have been suffered to supplant parts of the beautiful tabernacles, between the windows, for which they might all have been made (as they are in some cases), elegant compartments. The windows are also filled in the view, with appropriate designs, formed from authorities still remaining, on the south side. In the account of the Keeper of the Chapel, under the article of Receipts for 1349, is, " £10 received of the Duke of Lancaster, for a window and among the expenditures, relating to the Chapel, for 1350, " paid to Symon tie Lenn, for making the Duke of Lancaster's window, £12 13s. ; also to William Pi/roun, "pro verrura \ fenest : faciend . " £22 ; and, in 1374, the Sacrist received £20 of the executors of Bishop Barnet, to make a window, in the Chapel of the Virgin, near the high altar. The re-building of St. Stephen's Chapel, at Westminster, by Edward III. was begun in 1326 ; five years after our Chapel at Ely, but it was not finished nine years after, viz. 1350. The llotuli, or accounts of expences, for both these build- ings, are fortunately preserved, and, afford the most complete information, respect- ing the artists and master workmen employed upon them ; also their stipends, wages, and the prices of the materials, during the above space. Mr. Smith has given those accounts at large, which relate to St. Stephen's Chapel, in his valuable st History of the Antiquities of Westminster ;" and Mr. Bentham's copious extracts, from the Sacrist's accounts, furnish us with the necessary information, relating to this Chapel. We find, from them, that, in some instances, the same workmen were employed upon both the structures, 1 and the accompanying extracts, which are made from those documents jointly, it is hoped, may contribute to the history of the arts, and that they will not be less informing than amusing to the reader. 2 1 Simon de Lenn, master glazier ; Thomas Shank, painter ; William Hurle or Horlee, master carpenter. The christian names only are given of many others in the Sacrist's accounts, it is therefore impossible to identify them in the Westminster Computus. 2 Vitrarius, Vitriarius, and Vitrearius, seem to be used in the Ely accounts to express both Glazier and Painter of Glass. In one instance, Seaman Vitrearius is paid, " pro emend: fenestras et emend : faciei Regis Edgarii.' 1 '' This person appears to have been both glazier and glass painter. In the Westminster accounts, Symon de Lenn is mentioned, with five other Master Glaziers, " drawing and painting, on the white tables, for the glass windows, and working on the glazing, and painting of several Images, for the windows, at Is. a day." Also eleven other glaziers, painting on glass, at 7d. a day. Hence we may sup- pose OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 65 Before the building of this Chapel, the Sacrist was the " Custos Altaris Be : Maria; the altar stood in the south aisle of the Church, even with the high altar. Alan de Walsinghmn was the last who executed the otlice, and, to him, all the offerings, pose, that the painted windows, of this time, were generally executed by the glaziers. There were others Who shaped, layed, joined, and cooled the glass, after it was annealed ; and they were paid 4d. 6d. and 7d. a day. Seaman, Vitrearius, at Ely, was paid a stipend of 52s. a year, or J 2d. a week, and his board. But we have the following instances where the workmen were not paid by the day or week:— In 1354, Ralph Rysyng was paid 8/. 6s. 8d. for one "fenestra vitria, cum apparatu." William Gerry, fur making two " fenestra; vitrice, of the Prior's materials, 4/. 15s. Od. In 1359, 13/. were paid by the Sacrist for making three "fenestra vitrice de novo, ex ConVentio?ie." But, it is not said, whether these were plain or painted windows. The tables, on which the designs for the painted windows were drawn, were whitened and washed with beer; and the glass, was cooled with it, when vitrified. The Materials for Painting, mentioned in these accounts, are Silver filings, Geet, Lymail, Ornament, and Rosyn. Mr. Pearson, in the above "Antiquities of Westminster" has informed us that the cardinal, or prismatic colours, are thus produced -.—Red, from Gold and Copper; Green, Copper and Iron \ Purple, Manganese; Orange and Yellow, Silver; Blue, Cobalt; Violet, Manganese and Cobalt.— See also Gregory's Dictionary. Prices of Plain and Coloured Glass. In the Ely account, a Seem of White Glass, 7s. 3d. and lis. 6d. A Pannel of White Glass, 22d A Forma of Glass, " in grosso," 24s. In 1322, 29 lbs. of Glass, at 3d. per lb. 28 lbs of Tin, 4s. 4d. — In the Westminster account, one hundred ponder of White Glass, each hundred containing 121 ponder, each pon- dus 5 lbs. at lbs. per hundred. Blue glass, 2s. 2d. per ponder. Red, 2s. 2d. per ponder. 13/we-coloured, 8{d. per lb. .^sw/e-coloured, 3s. per ponder. Tin, for " glazing the Glass," 3d. per lb. In Edward the Second's time, Painted Glass was Sd. and Plain or White Glass, 5d. per foot. In 1317, Exeter Cathedral was glazed w ith coloured and plain glass, bought at Rouen, in Normandy. In 1323, twelve feet of coloured or painted glass, were charged 8s and eight feet of white glass, 2s. 8d. In 1446, the richest painted glass, that could be procured, cost 2s. per foot. — Bishop Littleton, as before. Further information on the sub- ject of Painted Glass, will be found page 20 of Notes in this volume. Oil Painter's Wages and the Prices of Colours. The Painters, at Ely, appear from their wages, to have been, what are now termed House Painters, whose employment consisted in painting and gilding the mouldings, the , back grounds of the alto-relievos, the inscriptions, and sculptured bosses of the ceiling, the draperies of the small figures, perhaps of the large ones (which are all gone), and ornamenting and gilding the tabernacles, all of which, upon removing the coat of wash, with which they are covered, will be foUnd to have been richly decorated. In 1339, under the head of " Custos novce Picture," Walter the painter's stipend, for 42 week's, is6d. a week, besides diet, and a robe of lis. 3d. value, annually. One painter was paid 8d. a week, with board and robe. Another 16d. a week and robe, " sine mensa.' n Nicholas, the painter, and William Shank, painted and gilded the ceiling, the former had 14d. a week, the latter 10/. " t x conventione." At Westminster, where no other allowances are mentioned, to any of the workmen, Hugh de St. A/ban's, the principal Draftsman and Painter (stiled the disposer of the works of the Painters, and orderer of the Drawings), and John Cotton, were paid la. a day. The next Painters, lOd. 9d. 8d. 7d. and 6d. a day ; and the Colour Grinder, 4jd. a day. The reader will find much information on this head, in the extracts from the Sacrist's accounts, in vol. ix. p. 141, Archceo/ogia, communicated by Mr. Bentham to Governor Pownall; who has, from thence, proved that Painting in Oil was of a much earlier date than was supposed. Prices of Colours and other Materials for Painting, at Ely. lib. Vermelioun, 20d. lOd. I lb. Verdegrez, 214d. lib. White Lead, l|d. Id. Is. 9|d. 1 gallon of Oil, lOfd. lOd. lid. 6d. 8d. 100 Gold Leaf, 8d. 100 Silver Foile, 6d. 100 Gold Fyn, 4s. 100 Gold Parti, 3s. 100 Silver Leaf, Is. 1 lb. Red Lead, 2d. 2|d. 4d. 1 lb. Vernyz, 3d. 1 lb. Gold Colour, 8|d. 1 lb. Black Lead, lfd. ± lb. Cinopre, 4s. 5s. 1 lb. do. Is. 20s. 1 lb. Assure, 3s. Is. lOfd. 8s. 4s.. 4d. 1 lb. White Vernich, 3d. I lb. Red Varnish, 4d. 4 bushels of Scrowes, or Shreds of Leather, to make Size, called Cole, 18d. K The GO- SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY offerings of the other altars were paid. But, from the time that this Chapel was begun, the altar of the Virgin was put under a distinct officer, and John de Wisbech, the overseer of the works, was appointed " the Keeper of St. Mary's Chapel" in which The following Prices of Painting Materials, at Westminster, in the same time. lib. Vermilion, ls..8d. 2s. 2s.. Id. 1 lb. Vert de Grece, 4|d. lOd. Is. 1 lb. White Lead, 3d. 3£d. 4d. 4|d. 6d. 1 gallon of Oil, ls..ll|d. 2s..6d. 3s..4d. 4s. 100 Gold Leaf, 4s. 5s. 6s. 100 Silver Leaf, «d. 1 lb. Red Lead, 3jd. 4d. 5d. 14d. 16d. 1 lb. White Varnish, 4|d. 8d. 9d. I lb. Red ditto, 4d. 1 lb. Cynople, 20s. I lb. Cynephe, 5s. .9d. 8s. 20s. 30s. 61s. 1 lb. Azure, 7s. 10s. 1 lb. do. weak, 5s. 1 lb. Tejnt, ls..8d. 4s. 1 lb. Ochre or Oker, l£d. 2d. A gallon of Cole or Size, Id. lib Hog's Hair for Pencils, 8d. is. 1 lb. Cotton to lay on the gold, lOd. 15d. 100 lb. of Tin, 22s. 2 quarters of Royal Paper, for the Painter's Patterns, ls..8d. 30 Peacock and Swan's Feathers, and Squirrel's Tails, for Pen- cils, 2^d. CARPENTERS, BRICKLAYERS, See. Carpenters. Mr. Thomas, upon raising the scaffold, 6s. 8d. a furred robe yearly 15s. 3d. Master William Hurle or llorlee, annual fee, 8/. his acquittance, 20s. his annual fee, in 1345, 20s. Roger, the carpenter, yearly stipend, 20s and a robe, 13s. 4d. The board of two Carpenters, eight weeks, 12s. The stipend and wages of a Carpenter and Sawyer, for one year, (1336) 371. 14s. 4d.— Bricklayers. Master John Attegrene, 40s. stipend, a furred robe, value 15s 3d. yearly, his rent paid, lis. 9d. and his board, besides his wages. In 1336 his stipend, and wages for a year, were 01. 17s. lid. ; in 1345, his stipend was only 26s. 8d. and in 1357 his wages (vadiaj for a year, J3s. 4d. with robe and board. His son, and another bricklayer's wages, ■for one year, were 11/ 8s. 8d. William de Wisbech, 20d. a week, and a robe of lis. value. Marble Mason, 5d. a day. Stone Mason, stipend 13s. 4d. and 2s. a week, wages. Glazier, annual stipend 52s. weekly wages lOd. and I2d. with board. Vitrarius, his annual stipend 52s. weekly wages 2s. and board. Quadrator, a furred robe. Tallialor, 7d a week, and board. Plasterer 4d. a day. Tile-maker 1 2d. per 1000. Tiler 6d. a day, his boy 3d. Floo> -tiler, or Paxier, and his man, 25 weeks, 3 days, 46s. 9d. w ith a robe, and their board. Laager, or Statuary, William, for five images, 31. John Bale, for four images, 26s 8d. Carver, John de ttcrnell or Burwe'l, for a figure on the principal key-stone of the volt, 2s. and board. John Rok, for another, 18d. For cutting or carving stone, 2s. lOd. a week. The Goldsmith's annual fee, 40s. Avrifrixar'ws, (the Gilder) his annual fee, 20s. The Thatcher 3d. a day, and his victuals ; his boy Id. a day and victuals ; two weeks, " sine 4s. In 1387, Master Wodchirst, who superintended the new work, had il a year for his fee, with a robe and diet, — In 1387, John Mtepshall, bricklayer, 4s. a week and diet The Pope, about the close of the twelfth century, or beginning of the thirteenth, created several bodies of Roman and Italian Architects and Artists ; with powers of settling the prices of their own work and labour, independent of the municipal laws of the country where they worked. They were called Free and Accepted Masons ; and held general Chapters and other meetings. The Statutes of Labourers were renewed and constantly refused to be obeyed by them, until the third year of Henry: VI. in 1424, when such Corporations were declared illegal ; and the persons, calling and holding such meetings, were deemed Felons. BUILDING MATERIALS,^. Lime, 15d. 22d. 28d. and (1372) 3s. per fother. Sand, digging 100 cart loads, Is. Plaster of Paris, 5d per bushel. Pitch, for cement, 3[ stone, 3s. Laths, 4| hundred, 2s. Tiles, for floors, per 1000, 6s. and 7s. Do. for walls, 3s. 8d. Nails. Splentnayl, 15d. per 1000. Lednayl, 13d. ditto. Boardnayl, 14d. per 100. Spykyngs, lOd. ditto. Lalh-nail, lOd. per 1000. Tacks, Is. per 1000. Lead, with carriage from Li/nn, 42s. 55s and, in 1325, 4/. 13s. 4d. a fother. Timber, 70 large Oaks, ("Magn: ligm querc") bought at Slerisbriggs, 13/. 6v. Sd. 15 « Bord de Ragold," 5s. 8d. 500 " Estrichbord," with carriage from Linne, 5Ss. 4d. 23 " Sparr : sapiniis," 30s. Stone % called sixtefot her, 10s 12s. 14s. 15s. 9d. and 26s. 8d. per 100. Asshelcrs, 14s. per 100. Ditto parpent, 3d. 6d. ami 2s. 6d per foot. Dubles or Dou- blez, 24s. and 27s. 9d per 100. Muldeston, 17s. and lis. Kyngestable, 13d. per foot. Large and small Forme pieces, 6d. 7d and 8d. each. 80 cart loads of filling Stone, from Burwell, 9s. 6d. 60 Cunes, 7s. 6d. 30 Noweles, 15s. Crestes, 80 feet, 20s. Ditto large, 7d. per foot. Skochoncrestes Magn : eight, 8s. — Tables, l^d. per foot. Skewes, Id. and 9d. per foot, Gargules, Is and 2s. each. Monials, or Mullions, 3}d. and 4d. per foot. Sixty feet of Vausours, 10s. Oggifs, 3£d. per foot. Chaumbraunces, jd. per foot. Corbie! OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 07 which situation he remained, until he died of the plague, in 1349. The following persons succeeded him : 1350 Ralph Rysyitg 13,09 Wm : de Thetford 1407 Rich : Lynne ] 356 Wm : de Lopham 141 H Jn : de Fyncham 1470 Rich : Barber 1304 Jn : de Walsingham 1419 Hen : Langham 1478 Tho : Denver 1307 Thos: de Stockton 1420 Tho : Kaineseye 1487 Wm : Tylny 1379 Peter de Norwich 1423 Jn : Hatfield 1488 Thos : Downliam 1381 Wm : de Thetford 1420 Step : Walsingham 1499 Wm : Colchester 1383 John Buckton 1440 Rog : Wisbech 1514 Mich : Barningham The only appropriations to this ollice, which occur, were the rents of certain lands and tenements in Ely,* and the profits of a small manor in Cottenham, called Pelhams, out of which 00s. 8<1. were paid to the priest who celebrated mass for the souls of John de Pelham and his wife ; but all the oblations on the anniver- sary of the Dedication of the Chapel, the Church, and the translation of St. Ethel- dreda, were paid to the keeper of the Chapel, who was allowed his diet, a tunic of 10s. and a pair of boots, of 2s. value annually ; but no stipend is mentioned in the Rotuli. The chaplain, who was also the collector of the Bishop's rents in Ely, had 03s. 8d. a tunic of 10s. 8d. a capa and boots, value 3s. and a furred robe of 10s. value yearly. The clerk of the Chapel was paid 4d. a week, and was allowed a tunic of 10s. and boots of 2s. price, per annum. Besides the mass " De Sancta Maria" which was performed daily in the Chapel, throughout the year, the festivals of the Purification and Assumption of the Virgin, were particularly solemnized, as appears by the charges for wax tapers, candles, coloured and plain, payments, diet, and presents to the singers and and assistants on those occasions. The service was accompanied by the organ ; and, in 1307, the keeper charges for a new one, but the expence of it is a proof that it was of small dimensions ; 2 something like the one in the old Chapel at Knowle, a few years ago, mentioned in vol. iii. Archcoologia, or what was called a regal . In 1345, the body of Bishop Montacute was interred before the altar, in this Chapel ; and, in 1425, the body of Bishop Fordham was brought, in state, from Doivnham, Corbiel Tables, lid. and 3s. 3d. per foot. Stone de Mold, 6d. each. In the Sacrist's Expenditure, under " Custos novi Operis" for 1322, 8s. 9d. are charged for the carriage of stone, from Swaffham, called Pen- daunts; and 6/. 18s. Id. for stone, by land and water, from Barnaks to Ely. Iron, Spanish, 6s. 8d. a hundred ; 5s. a hundred for manufacturing it. Flints, 40 cart loads, at Kentford, 21s. 6d. Hemp, for Cables, 8d. per stone. Marble, from Corf, 6d. per foot. Soundes, Graylings to make Glue, a hundred, 3s. 25 Fish ditto, 2s. Glue (Viscus), lib. Id. Haunseres, to draw up stones, one 32 fadaine, another 26 fadame, made of the Prior's Flax, 4d. a stone. Bell Ropes, twelve, 34s A Horse Hide, for slyngs, 2s. 3d. 1 The following places, where these lands and tenements lay in Ely, are mentioned in the Keeper's accounts, 1420 i—Kyngestede, near the corner of Lyleslane ; Brodheth ; Benyth ; Horny ngsey ; Castelheth, " versus Berton ex parte boriale ; Brod/ane (" where the gate of the vineyard stands,") "juxta Brodheth;" Flex- lane's Ende ; SUat-place, in Catleslane ; Stepel-row ; and Bolwerisrowe. 2 Paid a man for making a pair of Organs, besides 94 lbs. of tin, 53s. 4d. given to him as a reward, 3s. 4d, de conventione. K 2 68 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY Downham, and deposited near his predecessor. 1 Here, likewise, rest the ashes of John de Wisbech ; but there is not the least memorial left of any of these per- sonages, neither was there any thing discovered, when the Chapel was new paved, to point out the places of their interment. The keeper's accounts, however, specify the oblations annually received, at Bishop Fordham's tomb. Mr. Lysons, in vol. 2, part 1, of his "Magna Britannia" has given Plates of several parts of this Chapel, and the Cathedral, which will greatly assist the reader in forming a correct idea of the stile of both ; and the specimens of painted sculpture in Mr. Smith's coloured plates of St. Stephen's Chapel, will show in what man- ner our Lady Chapel was once decorated. 2 The CHAPELS of Bishop ALCOCK and Bishop WEST. These erections for the interment of the founders of them ; and in which their bodies were actually buried, became general, in the fifteenth century. Bishop Alcock, whose life was a course of the strictest temperance and mortification, began this Chapel in 1488, at the east end of the north aisle of the Presbytery ; and, in 1500, his body was brought from Wisbech Castle, to be interred here. From this Prelate's known architectural celebrity, his being Comptroller of the Royal Buildings to King Henry the Seventh, his having before his eyes, the finest specimens of florid Church architecture, which this country could produce, and no doubt being the designer of this Chapel, it is extraordinary, that he should have given no better proofs of his judgement and taste, than are to be found in this interior. The reader need only to look upon Plate xxi. vol. 1 of this work, to be convinced that it is overcharged with disproportioned open-work pinnacles and canopies, and that it is an unhappy attempt at something rich without taste and elegance. Even the pendant, in the centre of the roof, is more to be admired for its singularity than its beauty. The niches are not numerous, and the figures with which they were filled are all swept away ; even the monumental effigy of the Bishop, although in the humiliating form of an almost naked corpse, has not escaped the rage of fanaticism ; very different, no doubt, was its state when Barclay saw it, who, in his Eclogues, says, " There saw I his Tomb and Chapel excellent, " When I saw his Figure lie in the Chapel side." 5 The Bishop was interred in the middle of the Chapel, but the tomb stands under 1 The tomb stood at the west end, and nearly in the middle of the Chapel. — Ang. Sacr. The following charges are made by the Sacrist for this funeral :— For two horses and a litter bringing the body of John fordhatti, late Bishop of E/y, 4/. together with two cloths of gold, 31 6s. 8d. and various black cloths; also a blood-coloured " Coverlith" 13s. 4d. Twenty-four wax lights, called torches, for the burying of his body, 48s. 2 The Feofment of this Chapel to the Parishioners of Trinity Parish, is dated September 12, A. D. 1556, the eighth year of Queen Elizabeth's reign. 3 See what this writer has said further of Bishop Alcock, p. 99 of the Notes in this volume. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. under a double arch, with purfled finials ; the facia is ornamented with vine- work ; cocks supporting a mitre, and quatrefoils on the base. If we may judge of the statues, which decorated this Chapel, by one that Mr. Bentham discovered behind the pinnacles, and deposited in the Deanery, the sculptor was an artist of no inconsiderable merit. A very correct outline of this figure is given, from a drawing by Mr. Mackenzie, in the miscellaneous plate, and we are inclined, with the venerable Historian, to call it a portrait of Henry the Seventh. 1 Bishop West's Chapel is situated at the east end of the south aisle of the choir. In length, it occupies more than the width of an arch, being 23 feet ; and, in this, it exceeds Bishop Alcoch's Chapel, but the breadth is nearly the same, viz. 15 feet. It is impossible to contemplate this beautiful oratory, even in its mutilated state, but with feelings of astonishment and admiration. The invention and taste of the designer, no less than the execution and finish of the sculptor, are wonderful ; and, although every part of the walls is covered with niches, pedestals, and cano- pies, interspersed with alto relievos, curious grotesque designs and ornaments, the whole appeals light and airy. The west front is decorated with a profusion of sculpture, a magnificent cano- pied nich, over the entrance, 12 others of a second size, and 17 of a third size ; all furnished 1 The Rev. Michael Tyson, Follow, and some time President, of BeneH College, Cambridge (who hap- pily perpetuated the effigies of the Saxon Bishops, which we have given from a Plate in " Sepulchral Monu- ments"), calls this figure;, in a letter to Mr. Gough, " an exquisite image of Henry VII. carved by a most masterly artist," to complete a drawing of which, he made a second journey to Ely; and, he adds, that " it is as perfect as a work of yesterday." The drawing Mr. Gough presented to the Society of Antiquaries. " Not one of the members present," says Mr. Gough, " stood up for Henry VII. ;" among which number was Mr. Gough himself. This, however, did not alter the opinions of Mr. Tyson, Mr. Essex, or Mr. Ben~ tham, especially the last, who wrote, as follows, to Mr. Tyson, upon the subject : — " Dear Si a, « Ely, April 15, 1772. " I can hardly think, the Gentlemen, who were present at the Society of Antiquaries, when your Drawing of the linage, found in Bishop AlcocVs Chapel, was produced, were really in earnest, when they ventured to pronounce, at first sight, that it was not Henry the Seventh's ; but I rather imagine it was only said, to start the question ; and give room for a more free discussion of the point ; and exercise their various talents and skill in the investigation of truth. However, I suppose the point is not yet so fully dis- cussed and settled, as to leave no room for restoring it to its true owner. The objections made, rather con- firm me more in my opinion of Henry VU.'s true title to it. The Saxon Crown (if it must be called Saxon J, seems to me to be much of the same form as was worn by the Henrys, Edwards, and Richard, his immediate predecessors ; (this may give occasion to enquire, when the present form of the King of England's Crown commenced :) The incumbrances of the Sceptre and Sword; surely these were ensigns of Royal dignity. The went of Form and Likeness in the Face ; this too is made an objection : but to me, it seems without any manner of foundation ; if we may judge by those genuine representations that remain of King Henry VII. — and lastly, the place where found. All these circumstances concur in persuading me, that it is really the figure of Henry VII. It will, I suppose, come again before the Society, at another meeting; and I could wish myself present to hear the debates ; and I should not be displeased to hear some one affirm it to be Julius Caisar's ; another, William the Conqueror's ; a third, some particular Saint or other, to whom the Chapel is dedicated. Something might, and, no doubt, would be said in defence of each of these opinions : but, I persuade m) s ;lf, they would all come about at last, and restore it to its true owner, and at length acknowledge it to be the true and genuine representation of King Henry the Seventh." TO SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY furnished with pedestals, which, formerly, supported figures. The twenty-fourth plate, in the first volume, is a correct genera! representation of the hack of this front; also of the north and south sides of the interior, and the tracery of the ceiling, with its curious pendants, ingeniously formed, of angels holding the arms of the See, and those of Henry VIII. in whose reign the Chapel was erected. There are upwards &f 200 niches, great and small i the under parts of the canopies, belong- ing to them, are covered with tracery, that can only be compared to lace-work, exquisitely varied and finished. The motto, or memento, as Mr. Bentham calls it, Gracia Dei, sum id quod sum, 1534, alluding to his incorrect conduct when the Bishop first went to the Uni- versity, and his exemplary behaviour afterwards, is conspicuously displayed over the entrance; and, in several parts of the interior, without the date. The original gates to this entrance, of curious iron work, still remain. The ribs of the roof, elaborately carved, spring from imposts at each corner; and from one in the middle of each side. The compartments, which are formed by their ramifications and intersections, are ornamented with the arms of the See and the founder, and with masks of cherubs and grotesque designs, executed in white, upon green and blue- coloured grounds. Many of the medallions and smaller ornaments, which abound here, were evidently taken from the finest remains of Greek and Roman sculpture, particularly the leafy scroll and the honey-suckle pattern ; the arabesque and beau- tiful decorations adopted by Raphael, in the Vatican, and the grotesque and ingenious flights of Holbein's fancy. Fuller, in his Worthies, p. 149, informs us, that the master-masons of King James the First, pronounced the Sculpture of this Chapel to be more elegant, and finished, than the work of Henry the Seventh's, at Westminster ; and Mr. Gray stiles this Oratory " an exquisite sample of Gothic architecture, in the lower stye." 1 Notwithstanding these testimonies of its beauty and perfection, the ruthless hand of the destroyer has lain heavily upon it. 2 A few of the figures remain in the 1 Walpole's Anecdotes, edit. 1766, vol. 1, p. 195. ' The aera of the restoration of the polite arts in England and Europe, Mr. Gough observes, in hi* " Sepulchral Monuments" was the time of Henry the Eighth, and Elizabeth. The proverb is no less true, that " Pater-noster built Churches ; and Our Father plucked them dozen." He that would form only a faint idea of the magnificent structures, and the works of genius and art, which were annihilated by Reforma- tion,* in the above reigns, and in consequence of the act for their destruction, in our Churches, by Edward VI. may read Bishop Tanner's excellent preface to his " Notitia Monastica /" and " Downing? 's Visitation of Suffolk Churches.'''' Next he may peruse the effects of fanaticism, in the conduct of John Knox, and his followers, in Scotland; and of the enemies of Episcopacy, in this country. And, that he may know how narrowly the whole of this fine Cathedral escaped destruction, in the time of Cromwell, let him read the following extract from the Journals of the House of Commons : Ao. * There are three distinct dates, and different degrees, of our English Reformation. The Civil part, when the Pope'# •upremacy was done away, in the reign of Henry VIII ; the Reformation of the Church Service, in the first year of Edward VI. and the refinement of it, in the reign of Elizabeth. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 71 the front next the altar, the wainscot of which conceals their mutilated forms. Mr. Bentham endeavoured, with the greatest attention to its original state, to free the stone-work from the white-wash, and to renew the colouring of the orna- ments. The Bishop's tomb is under an arch, on the south side ; over the back of which, in as many niches in the wall, are deposited the remains of the seven eminent persons removed from the walls of the old choir, as described in pages 23 and 24 of the Addenda. The EASTERN TRANSEPT. The north and south arms of this Transept, built in the reigns of William Rufus and Henry 1st, are the oldest parts of the Church, but they are not entirely in their original state. For the north-west angle of the former fell down in 1G99, and was re-built, under the direction of Sir Christopher Wren, 1 at the expence of £2637 6s. 4d. with such attention, in other respects, to the original, that the observer is astonished and disgusted to find an arched Tuscan entrance supply- ing the place of a Saxo -Norman door-way, in the north-west corner ; especially as the architect had before him, in the opposite corner, the present entrance to the Lady Chapel, which is strictly in character, if not co-eval with the building. But that great architect's contempt for, what he termed, Gothic, has been noticed: 2 and he seems to have introduced this discordant appendage to express it. In the accompanying view, the reader will find it is omitted. 3 The side aisles to this transept, are peculiar to the Churches of Ely, Westminster, and St. Mary Red- cliffe, at Bristol. The reader will find Mr. Bentham's and Mr. Essex's remarks upon the interior of the nave, and this transept, in the Addenda, which, with the assistance of plates xliii. and xliv- vol, 1, will render it only necessary to observe, that the eastern arches of the south arm were enclosed, and formed into a spacious library, for the use of the Chapter, in 1813; the former one being found incon- venient, and not sufiiciently extensive. The books are arranged along the walls to the height of 10^ feet ; and, as there are no projecting piers, the room is light and well proportioned. There is a printed catalogue for the use of the members of the Church. The Ao. 1647— Mar. 3. « Ordered that it be referred to a Committee for Sick and Wounded Soldiers, to u consider of and examine the state of the structure of the Cathedral Church in the Isle of Elye, in relation " to the ruinous condition of the same ; and what other Churches there are in the same place for the people *' to meet together in, for the hearing the word of God, and communicating the Ordinances of God ; and *' to bring in an Ordinance, as they shall find the business, for making sale of the materials of the said " Cathedral, that out of the proceed thereof, provision may be made for the relief of sick and maimed Sol« " dicrs, Widows and Orphans." 1 Bentham's Notitia. 2 Notes, p. 26. 3 There is not a view of this part of the Cathedral in Mr. Bentham's History ; and Mr. Buckler has judiciously chosen a situation from which he has shewn, distinctly, the north and west sides ,of the Lady Chapel, and of the north Transept, also an interesting portion of the Octagon. 72 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY The OCTAGON. This building consists of a Dome, surmounted by a Lantern. It supplies the place of a square tower, which fell down, in the year 1322, and was planned, de- signed, and erected by Alan Walsingham, at that time Sacrist. It is equally dis- tinguished for contrivance, strength, and magnificence, and though not detached, but built in the middle of the Church, may be considered as a distinct work of itself ; being erected after the rest of the Church. The lower part consists of eight strong pillars, carried up, without diminution, to the height of 61 feet. — From the capitals of those pillars spring the arches which compose the eight sides of the building, and reach up to the roof of the Church. The eight sides are not equal ; the plan being like a square with the corners cut off, 1 and the larger are, to the shorter sides, as ten to six. Four of the arches are open, from the top to the bottom, and afford a view into the nave of the Church, and the cross-aisles ; the others are formed into four windows, which give light into the area below. — They consist of four lights each, are large, with extremely sharp pointed heads, which are adorned With elegantly varied tracery, and to give them a due propor- tion, equal to their width, the architect has judiciously contrived to sink them down below the roof of the side-aisles, which they terminate, and spanning over, in right angles, add to the beauty of the effect, when we view the side-aisles through them. Above the arches, the wall is straight up to the windows ; but, to prevent the heaviness which a mere flat wall would occasion, this part is orna- mented with niches, three under each window, in which there were formerly figures ; and, above these niches, under the windows, is an embattled orna- ment. The pillars which support the eight arches, are of the clustered, and con- joined, kind ; with wreaths of flowers, and foliage for capitals. The same pillars also support the curious heavy timber roof, which for height and elegance is not equalled in this or any other country. There are mutilated sitting figures, over the key stones of the arches, which, one might suppose, their situations would have preserved entire. The heads upon which the canopies rest, that are over the low arches, are said to represent Edward III. and his Queen, on the north-east side ; Bishop Ilotham and Prior Crauden, on the south-east. Of the busts of a young priest, and a secular person, in long hair, on the north-west, the former is imagined to represent the ingenious architect, and the latter the master mason. — The describer of them, however, in Mr. Carter's invaluable " Specimens of An~ cient Sculpture and Painting," (where they are engraved), only esteems them as giving " some imperfect idea of the head-dresses of the fourteenth age." On each side 1 By referring to Plate xlix. of the first volume, it will be seen how the Octagon was formed, by taking away the four great pillars (1, 2, 3, 4,) and enlarging and connecting the eight pillars (marked d d, &c.) with four larger arches, and four great windows, with smaller arches under them. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. side of the lower arches, is an elegant canopied niche, with an ogee head (like those in the Lady Chapel), and an embattled bracket, resting upon the capital of. a slender clustered column, upon these capitals, the principal events of Ethel- dreda's life are represented, in alto-relievo. 1 Above the niches, the columns are continued, the height of the higher arches ; and their capitals are similar to the former — from hence diverge the ribs of the vaulted dome, and upon their extremities is placed the lantern, an exact octagon, 32 feet wide, and 53 feet high to the arched roof, with a sharp pointed window in each side, a little below which an open gallery is continued round the whole, and the sides, beneath it, are richly ornamented with carved work. 2 An open ballustrade of stone, with eight turrets, is continued round the outside of this part, and from thence the roof rises, and is finished. We cannot con- clude this description, without observing, that the design was new, comprehen- sive, finely imagined, and, though seemingly difficult, laborious, and expensive in the execution, the whole was happily finished in twenty years, viz. in the year 1342, the 16th of Edward III. The ANTI-CHOIR or SERMON-PLACE, and the CHOIR. It appears, by the opposite plan, that the Anti-Choir or Sermon-Place, before the removal of the Choir, extended beyond the fourth column of the nave ; against which, the pulpit was fixed ; and a reference to the forty-fourth plate, vol. 1, will show that the want of room, at the east end of the cross, was the reason for placing the choir under the tower originally. Indeed, we cannot sup- pose, that the judgment and taste of Alan de Walsingham, of which he has left us such admirable proofs, would have led him to reinstate it under the dome, after the six arches were added, eastward, by Bishop Northwold, if he had not been obliged to comply with the commands of his superiors. The probable reasons for continu- ing it there, are given by Mr. Bentham, vol. 1, p. 285. The entrance to the old choir was under the stone screen F, originally the rood- loft, afterwards the organ gallery, which stood across the nave, at the second column. According to the scale in the opposite print, the length of the choir, from the front of the entrance, to the back of the altar, was about 120 feet; and from the back of the Bishop's throne (which was, as it continues to be, the first on the right hand, as you enter), to the extremity of the stalls, was about 90 feet. The sermon-place is still before the organ gallery, the front of which is thrown back to the second arch of Bishop Hotham's work ; from thence, to the back of the altar, is about 101 feet. The present stalls, measured as before, ex- tend 67 feet, according to the scale in plate xl. vol. 1. They are the same which Alan 1 These are engraved, plates ix. x. xi. xn. vol. 1 of this History. Also in Mr. Carter's work, above mentioned, with corrections. See Notes, p. 35. 2 See plate 41, vol. 1. L 74 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY Alan de Walsingham erected ; and are justly admired for their lightness, elegance, curious ornaments, and carving. 1 In this Cathedral alone, the Bishop occupies what was the Abbot's seat, and the Dean that of the Prior: Ely being the only Abbey that was converted into a See. It is said, that Bishop Gunning thought of removing the choir ; but that improvement was reserved for the Episcopate of Bishop Mawson, the friend and patron of our Historian, who laboured incessantly to accomplish that and every Other object which might add to the splendor and durability of the Cathedral. — The Bishop, equally anxious to improve and beautify his Church, liberally offered to contribute one thousand pounds, and the Dean and Chapter agreed to raise the same sum among themselves, for that laudable purpose. Mr. Essex (to whose architectural skill this part of the building is indebted for its present existence), 2 made a design for the new choir. 3 The work was begun in 1769, and, together with the general repairs and improvements, completed, under the superintendance of Mr. Jientham, who acted, at the request of the Dean and Chapter, as Clerk of the Works to his friend Mr. Essex. Mr. JBentham was always of opinion, that the east end of the Cathedral was built, originally, in a semi-circular form ; and that the side-aisles, or porticos, were continued round it ; aud, therefore, he procured leave to take up part of the pavement in the presbytery, and discovered the foundation of the extremity, about a foot below the pavement, near ten feet thick ; circular, and as firm as when it was first laid. The places of the pillars, that formed this part of the portico, were thence ascertained ; by which it appeared, that the workmen did not give themselves the trouble of taking up, but only levelled, and, afterwards, paved over the old work. The plan, plate xux. the section, plate xliu. and the wings, in cross section, plate xliv. vol. 1, give an idea of the style of the building — which was that introduced by the Normans, soon after the Conquest, with circular arches, and massive pillars. It was, in fact, not very different from what the Saxons had used, only enlarged, and more stately, sumptuous, and magnifi- cent. Here are three ranges of pillars and arches over each other, consisting of a lower 1 The small shelving stool, upon the seats, when they are turned up, we are told, in the History of Winchester, is called a miserere y upon which the monks rested ; and, with the assistance of their elbows, on the upper part of the stalls, half supported themselves, during certain parts of their long offices. But the stool was so constructed, as to fall, and throw the person off, if he slept. Many ludicrous and some indecent designs, are found upon these seats. Mr. Carter has given several of them in his " Specimens of Sculp- ture ;" upon which Mr. Douce, in describing them, has observed, *< the less that is said of some of them the better." 2 See yoI. 1, p. 284. 3 In the plate of this design, given in the Addenda to Edition of 1812, it will be seen, that the present stalls do not extend so near the altar by the width of an arch ; and, that the present altar screen is not introduced there. If the fine but mutilated fronts of Bishops WesCs and AlcocWs , Chapels, and the Tomb of Bishop Luxemburgh, could have been restored, and the wall of the east end de- corated with a bold basso relievo of the Last Supper, suitably ornamented, this part would have accorded better with the rest of the building. The finely restored Altar Piece of New College Chapel, at Oxford, if it had been in its present state, might have given rise to a similar design at iJ/y. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 75 lower portico or side-aisle ; another of the same dimensions over it ; and above these, a Triforium, or open gallery. The arches are open to the portico in the lower range — they are divided, by a small pillar, into two openings, in the middle story, and there are two small pillars within each arch above. In conformity with the three stories, there were three ranges of windows, handsome and well proportioned, with circular heads, and decorated, on the sides, with small pillars, a few of these only remain on the south side of the nave. The others have been supplanted with pointed heads, as have the windows in the middle tier. The walls, also, have been heightened, to make the roof of the upper portico less sloping. The upper windows of the nave and sides of the transept remain in their original state. The first considerable alteration in the general plan, was the lengthening of the building by Bishop Northwold, who took down the circular east end, and added six arches to the building, in the style of Henry II I. viz. pointed arches, enriched in all parts, with delicate shafts, or small pillars of Pur- heck marble. These have each their capital of foliage, which form, together, one elegant capital for the whole pillar. The arches, between the pillars, are enriched with carved mouldings : those of the upper portico, or middle story, are divided by a small pillar, consisting of four shafts of marble ; and in the upper gallery, the spaces between pillar and pillar have three divisions. The ornaments within the space of three arches, eastward of the octagon, are, in some places, copious and rich, and the tracery of the ceiling is elaborate. The vaulted roof of the choir is simply elegant and airy. It is formed of chalk, about four or five inches thick, between ribs of free-stone, which, rising from their imposts, spread in a fan-like form, till they meet the central line of the ceiling, where they are ornamented, at their intersections, with pendant orbs of light foliage, and other devices, gilt and coloured. The ornaments of the lower part of the choir, are elegant and graceful. 1 This new work, as it was called, Bishop Northwold began in 1234, and finished in 1251, at the expence of 5350/. 18*. 8d. The year fol- lowing, the Church was re-dedicated to St. Mary, St. Peter, and St. Etheldrcda ; 2 the King, Prince Edward, and many of the Nobility attending. The ' The greater part of this description is taken from Mr. Benthani's unpublished MSS. 2 See the Chap- ter Seal of this Church, engraved in the miscellaneous plate, which is copied from plate 5, vol. 1, of the " Vetusta" with a few corrections, made in consequence of some inaccuracies in the latlcr, pointed out by the Rev. Joseph Kilner, Merton College, Oxford, who also sent Mr. Benlham a drawing of the seal, copied from a well-preserved impression, appendant to the appropriation of Gamlingai/, in Cambridgeshire, to Merton College, 1269. In the same plate is a very accurate outline from the impression of a seal, dug up at Naunton Hall (now Rendlesham Hall), in the parish of Rendlesham, about fifty years ago; and pre- sented to the Rev. Thomas Lambert, Rector of Mellon, near JVoodbridge, in Suffolk. That Gentleman gave it to Mr. Richard Wood, then Coroner of the Liberty of St. Etheldred, subject to the Dean and Chap- ter of Ely. Mr. John Wood, the present Coroner, is the possessor of the seal, which is cut in copper; the design is evidently a personification of the Trinity ; the workmanship is modern, and very perfect; on which account, we suppose, it was copied from a much older one. The outline is the exact size of the im- pression, for the communication of which, with the above particulars, the Editor is indebted to the Rev. George Reading Leathes. Respecting the Church of Rendle$ham 9 and the Manor of Nackentune, or Naunton Hall, see vol. 1, pp. 12 and 100. 7C SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY The style and differences of the windows in the anti-choir and the choir, also the line of separation between the work of Bishops Hotham and Northwold, will be better understood by reference to the forty-third plate, in the first volume, than by any verbal description. 1 The present situation of the monuments, &c. which were removed from the presbytery, to make room for the new choir, are shown in plan xl. in the same volume ; and their original situations are marked out in the plan here given, from Willis's Survey of this Cathedral. A comparison between the two, will show the alterations which have taken place in several other parts of the Church, and may convey some idea of the harmony, proportion, and magnificent effect produced by the removal of the Choir and laying open the Dome. The exterior of the east end is so accurately engraved in plate xlv. of the first volume, as to render any description unnecessary. 2 The north-east view of that part of the Church, is given in the frontispiece to this volume, and displays the Cathedral and Lady Chapel to great advantage ; 3 but it is difficult to retire suffi- ciently from them, to take in the whole, at one view, in that direction. The approach to the city, from Stunt ney, however (in a fine day especially), affords a most enchanting south-east prospect of this fine building ; which we have availed ourselves of, for the illustration of this work ; and have added a full front south view, by Harris, showing its utmost extent and appearance, before the spire was taken down, and the additions were made to the lantern. PALACES and MANOR-HOUSES. The Bishops of Ely had, formerly, several occasional residences sufficiently commodious for themselves and their families. To those in the country, extensive demesnes were attached, to enable them to keep up a laudable hospitality, as ap- pears by a precept of Edward the Third, 1368, still extant, 4 commanding seven hundred and six pounds, thirteen shillings and four-pence, to be paid, out of his treasury, to Bishop Burnett, for 471 oxen, at 20s. a-head ; 292 stotts, at 13s. 4d. each ; and 41 draught horses, at 20s. per head ; which had been embezzled by that King's officers, during the five years that he kept the temporaries in his hands, while Bishop L'lsle was residing at Avignon. This stock was deno- minated " Implementa Episcopatus," and the King ordained, that every Bishop should, in future, take a solemn oath, to leave it entire, or the value thereof, to his successor. Bishop Alcocky however, thought it improper to supply his household from the produce 1 The details of this and many other parts of the Church, are given in a plain intelligent manner, in vol 2, part 1, of Mr. Lysori's Magna Britannia. 2 The similarity betwixt this front and that of Whitby Abbey Church, in Yorkshire, is worth notice. Mr. Buckler has given us a fine print of that venerable remain, now hastening, very fast, to decay. 3 The low building, with a flat roof, on the left side of this print, is the back of the house which Alan de Walsingham once occupied, and in which the Ely Historian breathed bis last. See the account of the Conventual Church, p. 45. 4 MS. Epi. Eliens. a, fol. 36. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 77 produce of his demesnes, and commanded his steward to give away all the bul- locks, and to purchase the meat, bread, and beer, that might be wanted for that, purpose, of the limners ; paying, for the same, as much as they were worth. 1 WISBECH CASTLE. Considering Wisbech as one of the oldest possessions of the Church of Eli/, it may take the lead in this account of the Bishop's resiliences ; for that place was given, with others, 2 to the Convent by Oswi and Leoflede, the daughter of Brith- noth, when their son Alfwin, afterwards Bishop of ' Elmham, was admitted to re- ceive his education there. A great part of that estate was assigned to the Monks, after Ely became a Bishop's See ; that, now, belongs to the Dean and Chapter; and is called " Wis- bech Murrow." The remainder, " Wisbech Barton" was annexed to the See ; and is the paramount manor of the hundred. 3 The Castle, built by the Con- queror, soon after he came to the throne of this country, is said to have been destroyed by a dreadful inundation of the sea, in 1 236 ; it appears, however, to have been soon re-built ; as we meet with the name of a Constable, or Keeper of the Castle, in 124(5. The building was kept in repair by certain persons, in West Walton, who held their estates by a tenure to that effect. It is probable, that this building was dismantled in the reign of Henry the Second ; and it appears, that Bishop Morton erected a new one of brick on its site, between 1478 and 1483 ; from which period it became the palace of the Bishops of Ely. And, from 1609 to 1619, Bp. Andrews expended considerable sums upon this and his other residences. When the possessions of the Church were sold, at the Restoration, Thurlow, afterwards the Secretary of Oliver Cromwell, purchased the Castle, and erected the edifice represented in the print, apparently, after a design by Inigo Jones; and here he resided, when he was chosen to represent the town of Wisbech, in 1658 ; for then it was intended to have made that a borough town, but it did not take place, and he was returned for Huntingdon. Upon the restoration of Charles the Second, the Castle reverted to the See. From that time the buildings were leased to several respectable families : among others to the ancestors of Sigismund Trafford Southwell, Esq. High Sheriff of Norfolk, in 1816, who is descended from Sir Simon de Suell or Southwell, in the reign of Edward III. At length, Bishop Yorke sold the premises, under an Act of Parliament, to Joseph Med- worth, Esq. who pulled down the buildings, and erected several elegant houses upon the site. We have no description or graphical representation of the Castle before the time of Secretary Thurlow. But the particulars below 4 induce us to suppose that it was 1 See Notes, p. 99. 2 Vide Hist. vol. 1, p. 87. 3 Lysorts Brit. * In 1403, the Keeper of the Arms was paid 3d. a day. The walls were re-built with Ragg or Rackstone, and a new bridge was erected. In 78 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY was a place of strength, and that it was walled round and moated. It was also a place of custody for state prisoners, at a very early period. For it is recorded, that in 1297, Edmund Hastings, of the county of Suffolk, manumised John de Drommon, of Scotland, a prisoner in this Castle, on condition that, as soon as possible, he should go to King Edward I. then beyond sea, and serve him well and faithfully against the King of France, and all other his enemies. 1 In 1314, Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow, and the wife of Robert Brus, were prisoners here, and conducted from hence to York} In 1414, Dns. Heyle, and other pri- soners, taken by the Earl of Dorchester, were kept here, by permission of Bishop Fordham. In 1476, the prison was repaired. The following Dignitaries died here, under a charge of conspiracy against the government of Queen Elizabeth : Thomas White, Bishop of Lincoln, in 1584 ; John Fahenham, Abbot of West- minster, in 1585, after a confinement of twenty-six years ; and Thomas Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, in 1587, confined here twenty-eight years. All these per- sonages are buried in Wisbech Church. The office of Constable, or Keeper of this Castle, appears to have been always conferred upon a person of distinction ; who had his deputy, and held Courts Leet, Baron, and Hundred Courts. The Courts for Wisbech were held in the mote-hall ; and a Gallows was erected in Gallow Marsh, in 1348. His stipend, in 1301, was 3s. lOd. a week ; the gaoler's 18d. and the Propositus lOd. From 1368 to 1370, the wages were paid to the janitor or porter, " in defectu Con- stabularii." In 1403, it was twenty marks in silver, or 13Z. 6s. Sd. paid in equal quarterly portions, a robe for himself, another for his deputy, or 40s. in lieu thereof ; 40,000 turfs ; ten cart loads of hay ; forty-five quarters five bushels of oats ; and a sufficient quantity of straw or litter for three horses, annually. In 1414, the fee is stated at 261. Is. Hd. without specifying particulars. The Con- stable's dwelling was a hall, which was new built of free-stone, in 1404, near the gates of the Castle, and the chambers at the ends of the same, and upon the gates. In one patent, 1443, the houses and chambers called " Le Dungeon," are allotted to the Constable ; who was answerable for the safety of the prisoners committed to the Gaol. Accordingly, Sir Andrew Oggard, in 1452, and Sir James Hobard, in 1494, were each fined 51. by the Justices at Ely, for the escape of felons. As we know of no other engraving of the palace erected by Mr. Thurlow, it is hoped that the annexed view will be acceptable to the reader. It is after a draw- ing by Mr. Anslow (who published a beautiful south-east view of the Cathedral), from In 1401, the draw-bridge (le Draughlbrigg) towards the Church occurs, and the moat round the " Julik" was scoured out. In 1409, new l'loudgates, which cost 30/. 3s. and a new water gate, were erected. In 1410, a new " Pons traclabilis" towards the Church. A Chapel within, and a Bridge without, tbe Castle. Also a Garden and Dove-house in the Castle, which let for 6s. 8d. a year, are frequently mentioned ; and it is noted, that the dove-house was totally destroyed in 1513.— Benlharn's Notitia. 1 Rimer's Foedera, vol. 2, p. 782. 2 Ibid. vol. 3, p. 496. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 79 from a picture in the palace at Ely ; which was over a fire-place in the Castle till the buildings were sold to Mr. Medworth. The Palace and figures are accu- rately copied. The trees and shrubs are introduced to improve the force and effect, and to break the uniformity of the walls on each side. The figure, in the front of the steps, is said to be a portrait of the Secretary ; and, from the costume, the original Picture appears to be coeval with the building. The names of the following Constables appear upon record : — 124G William Justice 1 1476-7 Sir Thomas Grey 6 12G2 Symon de Dullingham 2 1489 Sir James Hobard, 7 1308 Richard de Halstead 1525 Walter and Miles Hubbard 1401 Thomas de Braunstone 3 1531 Thomas Meggs 1403 Sir John de Rochford 4 Sir Richard Crumwell 8 1410 Sir John de Colville 5 1605 William Chester, Sen. Esq. 9 1446-7 Sir Andrew Oggard 1633 Matthias Taylor. ELY HOUSE, HOLBORN. The Bishops of Ely, at a very early period, had their London residence in the Temple. Bishop Bahham was denied entrance there by the Master, in 1250, when 1 Witness to a Charter of Bishop Northwold, dated 124(3. — Notitia. ? Witness to a Grant of Bishop Balsham, 1260. 3 The Author of the Beauties of England, vol.2, p. 173, says, this person was an ancestor of the Representative for Essex, in 1801. His effigy, engraved on brass, still remains in the Church of Wisbech; but, according to the print in Mr. Li/son's Biitannia, a great part of the ornamented arch around it, is now reaved and gone. Mr. Gough has engraved this memorial from a drawing taken by Mr. Verlue, and corrected from an impression which Mr. Ord took oft' the original, in its perfect state. The date affixed to this person's name, is the year of his death ; which, it may be proper to observe, because Mr. Gough has said, that " Sir John de Rochford was probably the immediate predecessor" whereas he was the successor, " of Thomas Braunstone.'''' 4 In the Beauties of England, as above, he is styled Lord John, and said to be Constable before 1631. In the Notitia he is styled " Dns : Johannes Rochfort M." (iles), under the date of 1403. And, in 1407, we find " So/ut : Dno Johanni Rochefort Constabulario, de ultima, obligatiotie Dni : Ep i : eidem facta, pro marilagio uxoris suce, 20/." That Lady Rochford died in 1409, Sir John in 1410, and " Dns. Johans : Colvyll fit Constabularius." 5 The grant to Sir John Colville, by Bishop Fordham. It is singular, that, during the life, of Sir John, Cardinal Luxemburgh, as perpetual Administrator of the Church of Ely, granted the office to Richard Waller, in 1443 — upon the death of the said Sir John; who, it appears, outlived his intended successor; for, in 1446, Bishop Bourchier appointed Andrew Oggard, " upon the death of Sir John Colville." — Notitia. 6 Grandson to Bishop Gray.— Ibid. John Aspelon was locum tenens to Thomm Grey, Esq. " el habet expensas pro quodlibet 2s. ex antiqua consuetudine." The Prajpositus's wages were 2/. 7 Sir James (the patent observes, " adtunc Armiger") was appointed by Bishop Alcock, in 1489 ; in 1494, he was fined five pounds for the escape of a prisoner ; and he is mentioned, as Constable, in 1507. — Ibid. 8 We find mention is made of the name of Master Ric: Crumwell, Knt. Steward of the Manors in Marshland, and Keeper of the House and Park at Downe- ham, as Constable, and his fee of 27/, 13s. 5d.— Ibid. There is no date to the minute, but upon refer- ence to Mr. Noble*s History of the Cromwell family, no one, with the title of Knight, appears so likely to be the person, as the Great Grandfather of the Protector, Knighted by Henry VIII. 1540; who, when he had witnessed the prowess of Cromwell, exclaimed, (t formerly, thou wast my Dick, but, hereafter, thou shalt be my Diamond!" And, presenting him with a diamond ring, bade him bear such a one, in the fore paw of the demy lion, in his Crest.— Fuller x s Church Hist. p. 370. 9 Appointed by Bishop Heton, in I605j for the lives of William Chester, jun. and Thomas aud George Heton, Gentlemen.— Bent h. Not. 80 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY when Hugh Bigod was Justiciary of England; and the Bishop claimed the rights which his predecessors had enjoyed, from the Conquest, of using the hall, chapel, chambers, kitchen, pantry, buttery, wine cellar, for the whole year, stable and larder, in the same, with free ingress and egress, by land and water, whenever he came to London ; and he laid his damages at £200. The master, not being able to controvert the claim, judgement was given in the Bishop's favour. 1 Bishop Kirheby, in 1290, bequeathed, to the Convent of Ely, his mansion-house, called the Bell, with nine cottages, in Holborn, for the residence of his successors ; and Bishop Luda, in 1298, left other houses and lands adjoining, on certain con- ditions. 2 In 1327, Bishop Hotham added a vineyard, kitchen-garden, orchard, and enclosed pasture, with other lands and tenements, on certain conditions also. 3 Bishop Arundel re-built the Palace, and added a gatehouse, in front ; 4 and, in the time of Queen Elizabeth, the whole of the buildings, and grounds, contained about twenty acres. 5 According to Stow, the house was large and commodious, and several great feasts were held there. One, in 1464, upon the making of Serjeants at Law ; and another on a similar occasion, in 1531, when King Henry VIII. and Queen Catherine dined there, with all the Foreign Ambassadors, &c, five days together ; and the honest historian observes, that, " the feast wanted little of a feast at a Coronation"* This Palace is thus described by Mr. Grose. The remaining part (a dark incommodious habitation, entered by a large gateway, or porter's lodge) consisted of a small paved court. On the right hand were some offices, supported by a colonade ; on the left, a small garden, enclosed by a brick wall. In the front was the venerable old hall, 7 72 feet long, 32 feet wide, and about 30 feet high, lighted by six Gothic windows ; four on the south and two on the north side. The floor was paved with tiles ; and it was roofed with oak, leaded. At the lower end was an oaken screen ; and at the upper end an ascent of one step, for the high table. At the west end were the chief lodging rooms, and other apart- ments, with several ancient windows ; and on the north west a square cloister, 95 feet by 73 feet, round a garden, and, over it, rooms and galleries. On the north side of the cloister, in a field, containing about an acre of ground, walled and planted 1 MSS. Claudius C1I. Cotton. Lib. « Vide p 153, vol. 1. 5 Ibid, p. 157, vol. 1. * Stow's Survey, p. 727. 5 Hist. vol. 1, p. 151, n. 6 The following bill of fare on this occasion, with the prices of provisions at that time, is too curious to be omitted. " There were brought to the slaughter-house 24 great Beefes, at 26s. 8d. the piece from the shambles, one carkasse of an Oxe, at 24s. 100 fat Muttons, 2s lOd. the piece, 51 great Vealcs, at 4s. 8d the piece, 34 Porkes, 3s. 8d. the piece, 91 Pigs, 6d the piece, Capons of Grece of one Poulter (for they had three) tenne dozens, at 20d. the piece, Capons of Kent, nine dozen and sixe, at 1 2d. the piece, Capons course, 19 dozen, at 6d. the piece, Cockes of gnx> , 7 dozen and 9, at 8d. the piece, Cockes course, 14 dozen and 8, at 3J. the piece, Pullets the best, 2£d. other Pul- lets, 2d. Pigeons, 37 dozen, at IOd. the dozen, Swannes, 14 dozen, Larkes, 340 dozen, at 5tl. the dozen, &c " 7 Mr. King, in the sequel to his " Ancient Castles," has noticed the small window at the upper end of this hall, looking out of some principal apartment, which explains the sc-ne introduced by Shakespear in Henry the 'Eighth. It was from hence that Wr. Butts shewed the King Archbishop Cranmer, standing amongst pursuivants, pages, and foot-boys. OF ELY CATHEDRAL planted with trees, stands the chapel, 91 feet by 39 feet, dedicated to Etheldreda. The east window is large and handsome, 1 and the floor about 10 or 12 feet above the level of the ground, supported by eight strong chesnut posts, and forming a crypt or vault, running from east to west, under the centre of the building. This crypt has six windows on the north, and as many niches on the south side. The entrance to the crypt is under a small arch, beneath the east window. There do not appear to have been any funerals in it 2 Having given Slow's opinion of this Palace, in its prosperity, the following accounts of it, afterwards, will. form a curious contrast. An Act passed in the first Parliament of Queen Elizabeth, enabling her to reserve to herself, any lands be- longing to an Archbishoprick, or Bishoprick, during a vacancy of the See, giving the value, in tenths, and in impropriate Rectories, in lieu thereof. Commissioners were appointed to survey the vacant Sees, and some of the best estates, belonging to our Church, were obtained by the courtiers for themselves. An account of them will be found, and, what was given in Exchange, at pp. 194, 5, v. 1. Christopher, afterwards Chancellor, Hatton, had the address to persuade the Queen to compel Bishop Cox to lease, or mortgage Ely- house to her, for £1800, which, various circumstances, afterwards, prevented his successors from redeeming. 3 The Queen, soon after, doubting the validity of the lease, appointed Commissioners to determine it ; and wished the sums, expended by Sir Christopher, might be secured to him, by the grant of an estate, in the premises, to him and his heirs, until the money was repaid. This was the . cause of infinite trouble and loss to the succeeding Bishops, for more than 100 years.* Bishops Andrews, Felton, and White, made their claims to redeem the premises, but did not commence suit. Bishop Wren preferred a bill, and his right, to redeem, was allowed ; but when he was com- mitted to the Tower, in 16*40, Lady Hattan's title was admitted, by the House of Commons. In 1650, Lord Hatton mortgaged several parts of the premises for 200 and 1000 years, for £5000. In 1642-3, the Palace was converted into a prison. In 1662, Bishop Wren, being restored, exhibited his bill, and over-ruled Lord Hatton s plea. The same year, Lord Hatton began to build the present Hatton Garden, which he finished. The Gate-house was taken down, with the greater part of the buildings, and the Bishops were obliged to enter the apartments, reserved 1 This window, it is supposed, was erected in the time of Bishop Arundell.— Malcolm. » Grose. 3 The Bishop granted the Gate-house of the Palace, ej&cept two rooms, used as prisons for debtors ; the lower rooms, for the porter's lodge ; the first court-yard, within the gate-house, to the long gallery dividitig it from the second ; the' stables there ; the long gallery, with the rooms above and below it, and some others ; fourteen acres of land, and the keeping of the garden and orchard, for twenty-one years, to Sir Christopher Hatton; he paying, at Midsummer-day, a red rose, for the gate-house and garden ; and, for the ground, ten loads of hay, and 10/. a year. The Bishop reserving to himself, and successors, free access through the gate-house, walking in the gardens, and gathering twenty bushels of roses yearly. Sir C. Hatton to repair and make the gate-house a convenient dwelling. This lease was confirmed by the Dean and Chapter. — Malcolm's Londinum Kedivivum. A The subsequent proceedings are given in vol. I, p. 205, note. M SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY reserved for their use, by the old backway. Several of the cellars, under the rooms they occupied, were in the possession of tenants, and those intermixed with their own ; all of which had windows and passages into the cloisters, One half of the crypt, under the Chapel, was a drinking-house, and the intoxicated people fre- quently interrupted the offices of religion above. The Bishop's horses were brought through the great hall, for want of a more proper entrance ; and the Palace, which Stow pronounced to be " large and commodious " was reduced to a very dark and incommodious habitation. No progress was made in the suit instituted by Bishop Wren, until Bishop Patrick accepted £100 a year to be settled on his See; and, by that means, put an end to it. Bishop Gooch was the last who fitted up Ely- House ; and, after the mansion had been in the possession of the See for nearly 500 years, and occupied by 41 Bishops, an Act of Parliament was obtained by Bishop Keene, in 1772, 1 to empower hiin to sell the estate to Charles Cole, Esq. an emi- nent architect, and one of the deputy surveyors of the Crown ; who erected the present buildings, called Ely Place, upon the site, to which the original chapel of the Palace serves as a place of worship. The sum for which the premises sold was £6500, and an annuity of £200 a year, to be paid the Bishop and his suc- cessors. 2 Five thousand six hundred pounds of that sum were applied to the purchase of Clarendon or Albemarle House, in Dover-street, Piccadilly, with divers other messuages, and gardens, to be settled on the See, subject to a reserved rent of £18 a year j the remainder, as also £3000 due from the representatives of the late Bishop f Mawson J, for dilapidations, were applied to the erection of a new mansion house, on the above premises, to be called Ely House, and the pro- viding it with proper fixtures, which were to be scheduled and deemed heir-looms. The PALACE at ELY. We have nb accounts of the Palace at Ely, prior to the time of Bishop Alcock, who erected the present wings, with a noble hall and gallery, about the end of the fifteenth century. His arms, and those of the See, are on the front of the eastern wing. The gallery adjoining to the western wing was erected, in the third year 1 It appears by Bishop Mawson's Register, that in 1767, there was a negotiation between the Bishop and the Commissioners of Excise, concerning the sale of £/y-House, Holborn, upon the site of which it was intended to have built the Excise Office, And in the same record* under the year 1768, there is an account of the agreement which the City of London made with Bishop Mawson for the same premises, with a design to convert them into a prison for the reception of persons usually committed to the Fleet prison. But as soon as this design was made public, the inhabitants of the parish of St. Andrew, Holborn y and the Earl of Winehelsea (apprehending that his estate in Hatton Garden would be thereby much injured;, gave it all the opposition they could ; so the bill brought into the House of Commons for that purpose did not succeed. s It was determined, in 1781, in the Court of King's Bench, that £/y-Place is exempt from all parish assessments. Bishop Warren, on that occasion, proved clearly, that those parts of the possessions of the See, which were consigned away, were never any part of the palace ; and, consequently, that " Hatton Garden paid" could not apply to the premises where the palace lately stood. — Bentham's Notitia. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 83 year of King Edward the Sixth, by Bishop Goodrich, whose arms are on the front of the bow window, shown behind the tall trees in the view. The modern part of the house next the garden was erected by Bishop Keene, whose liberality, in this and other instances, obtained for him the appellation of " a Builder of Palaces," from Bishop Newton. 1 It is an excellent family house, and contains many spacious handsome rooms, which are decorated with the undermentioned portraits.* DOWN HAM 3 PALACE. This is one of the possessions bestowed on the Monks of Ely, by Abbot Britk- noth; K and when Bishop Harvey divided the estates of the Church, it was an- nexed to the See. The place is situated three miles north of Ely ; and, perhaps, on account of its convenient distance from thence, seems to have been more re- sorted to by the Bishops than any other of their country residences. So early as 1225, Bishop De Fontibus died here ; also Bishop Northwold in 12o4 ; Bishop Or- ford in 1310 ; Bishop Fordham in 1425 ; and Bishop Gray in 1478. After Arch- deacon Burnell had disputed, in the Court of Canterbury, the spiritual and eccle- siastical jurisdiction of Bishop Arundel, within this Diocese, he made submission to that Prelate in this palace, 1379. 5 From this palace, Bishop .Morton, in his rochet, walked bareheaded and barefooted, with his beads in his hand, and re- peating the Lord's prayer, all the way to Ely, in 1479 ; and after the ceremony of his installation, gave a grand entertainment to the Nobility and Clergy in his palace 1 See Addenda, p. 12. 2 His Majesty George the 2d. Archbishop Herring, Bishops Andrews, Frllon, Patrick, Moore, Fleetwood, Green, Butts, Gooch, Mawson, Keen, Yorke, and Dumpier. Besides these portraits, and the curious painting, called u Tabula Eliensis,' 1 '' (sec vol 1, p. 106, and appendix, pp. 3 4 5, there is a picture (given to the palace by Doctor Samuel Knight) representing the funeral of Bishop Cox, 6 ft. 6 in. long, and 2 ft. 2 in. high. It is divided into two compartments ; in the first is shewn the proces- sion from the Palace to the Cathedral ; the coffin is covered with a black pall, decorated with escutcheons of the See impaling those of Cox ; the mourners follow, before whom the great banner is carried, preceded by a herald, between two domestics, one of them with a white staff"; two persons on each side the coffin, with square banners, and before them twenty Chaplains or Clergy, in black, preceded by as many poor men, as mourners, with black staves ; the choristers, who head ihe procession, are just entering the Church, part of which, and the palace, are shown. In the other compartment are seen, the choir hung with black ; the coffin under a canopy, adorned with escutcheons ; four mourners by it, and the great banner fixed near the altar; Dr. Cooper, Bishop of Norwich, in the pulpit; one of the heralds Advancing to the altar with the offering; the mourners and others, with black capuches or hoods over their heads and faces, and tabards over their clothes. Most of the spectators have their hats or copes on, excepting those that officiate. To- wards the top of the picture is this Inscription : — Richardus CoX prastariti ingenio, multiplicique Doclrina insignis, duobus Christianissimis Regibus, primum Henrico Octavo, deinde Kdvardo Sexto, cuj us et In- st it utor fuit ab Eleemosynis, ab utroque variis Honoribus auctus est. Maria autem regnante, in exiliuin Religionis ergo missus, post quinquennium ab Elizabetha Regina restitutus, mox hujus Ecclesia? antistes facius est ; quam quidem dignitatem cum viginti duos annos honorifice tcnuisset, Octogesimo suae /Etatis Anno obiit vigesimo secundo Die J alii. — Mr. Vertue presented a copy of this curious picture to the Society of Antiquaries, to be engraved ; but we believe that never was done. 3 It is written Dunham, in a grant of Bishop Northwold, 1243. * Vol. 1, p. 75. 5 Hist. vol. 1, p. 165. This circumstance, in the account of the Archdeacon, p. 275, is by mistake dated 1397. M 2 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY palace there.' What the house was, in its perfect state, we have no means of learning ; but the park, in the time of Henri/ III. contained 250 acres. By the arms and devices, upon the remaining brick door-way, it appears, that Bishop Alcoch rebuilt a great part of what is left ; and by a MS. in the hand-writing of Mr. Stow, the Historian, the sentences are preserved, " as pronounced by the Cocked which that Prelate "caused to be set downe in the wyndowes," of this palace, and at the palace at Ely* The ' See vol. 1, p. 179. Append » At Elv. • In the bayt wyndow. In a scrowe from a Cocke stondinge on a Globe. " M or urn *' Sacra ' Vobis ' Gallica Sore ula Dicta ** Carmina gallorum : sint " Ut comodis legito. The gifte of feare ex pel let h the spirite of pride. The gifte of Godliness expelleth the spirite of envye. [angre. The gifte of knowledge expelleth the spirite of The gyfte of counsell drivithe awaye the spirite of covetonsnes The gyfte of fortitude lightencth the spirite dulled with spirituall slouth. The gyfte of understandinge reraoveth the spirite of gluttonye. [lecherye. The gyfte of wisdome overwhelmethe the spirite of Humilitie is the vertue proper to Christ hymselfe. Faith is the vertue moaste proper to our blessed Ladye. Cbarite is the vertue of the Church. Patience is the vertue of the Prechars. Justice is the vertue of Princes and Prelates. Obedience is the vertue of religious men. Continence is the vertue of the Clergie. Holy simplicitie is the vertue of the Laitie. Faith is a vertue whereby we beleve things that are not sene. [Christe. Faith maketh us familiar with God, and frinds to Faith when it is promised, is to be kept even to owr enemye. Hope is a vertue whereby we hope for everlasting goodness or good things. Hope of rewarde, is the comforte of laboure. Hope of pardon must not give encoragment to syne. Charitie is a love with which God is loved for hymselfe, and owr neighbour for God's sake. Charitie is a concorde of minds, and joye of Angels, and the happines of all the Electe. Possesse thow Charitie, and do what thow wilt. ix to ditto, pp 29, 30. " In the window of the Haull Doore. ( Bless thow good Jesu this howse, and all that dwell therein. £ He that kepith justice nedith not the patronage of any man but only God. 'Justice is one onlie vertue, but yet of all vertue* the Lady and Queue. ' It is the cheffest vertue to honor justice. ' Fortitude is a stabilitie of the mind agaynst the troubles of the world. ' Fortitude comforteth bothe the body and soule. ' The office of Fortitude, is manfully to tollerate as well adverse things as prosperitie. ' It is the parte of Temperance to overrule our lustos and pleasures. [passions. ' It is also the parte of Temperance to moderate our ' It is also the office of Temperance as well to refuse superfluus things, as also abject and base things, and to kepe the mean betwene bothe. 1 It is the parte of Prudence to order in good order our dedes present, and to avoyde future evels. ' It is also the wise mans parte to have no will to de- ceyve any man, neyther to be deceyved of any other man hymselfe. ' The wyse man delibcratithe of hard and difficult matters, and bringeth them to a good ende." At Downham. ' In the space of the foote of the staires assendyngc to the greate chamber. 4 Beholde how good and pleasant a thinge it is, for brethern to dwell together in veritie. ' The man that lovith peace possesseth a safe lyfe. ' Peace and Concorde can not be kept, but by pa- tience. ' In the space at the stayre head, betwene the greate chamber and another jai/re dininge chamber thrugh which space the servaunls ded passe when they served up mcat.e. i Thou good Servaunte, enter thou into thy master's joye. c Cast out the unprofitable Servant into utter darknes. ' The butler was receyved agayne into favour. ' And the unfaythfull bakre was hanged. "In OF ELY CATHEDRAL. The munificent Bishop Andrews repaired the house ; and, from hence, the patient but resolute Bishop Wren, was hurried to the Tower, in 1642, 1 for pro- testing against the proceedings of the Parliament During the interregnum, the buildings went to decay, and Bishop Patrick obtained an act to lease out the de- mesnes, and to secure himself and his successors from dilapidations. The pre- mises are converted into a farm-house and offices. What was formerly the en- trance and stair-case is now a stable and place for swine ; and the great kitchen is converted into a barn. The PALACE at SO ME IIS HAM, in Huntingdonshire. This manor, with several others, was given by Duke Brithnoth, to the Monks of Ebj, in 991, 2 and continued in the Church until Bishop Cox was compelled to yield it to Queen Elizabeth. The house, of which we can meet with no description, stood a short distance west of the Church. But the west wing was remaining about thirty years ago. 3 It had been converted into a good dwelling, by the an- cient family of Hammond, Lords of the Manor, who pulled it down, and the site is now built upon. There was a park, of 200 acres, with pasture and marsh land, belonging to this residence. Also a wood, of 700 acres, in which the Bishop had free chase granted by charter, with the wood of Hanger, where the whole country had a right of pasture ; the wood of Kronencst, containing 80' acres, in which the Bishop - ** In the voyde window of the greate chamber. " A good Shepherd gyveth his lyfe for his flocke. 4< Prelates ought to be more desirous of profitinge in God's Church, then of authoritie. " The goodness of Prelates is a holsome rule for their subjects to follow. " A Bysshope that doth not correct sinncs, is rather to be called an unchaste dogg. " In the syde window. " Alms is planted amongst the poore, it springeth in heaven, and fructifieth with God. " The poore man is the way to heaven, wherby we go to our Father. " I aske but my owne, sayth Christ, give therefore to me that which I gave to the. " Fede hym which is daunger of perish inge with hunger: if thou hast not fed hym, thou hast kylled hym. " The money is best kept, which is put into the poore mans right hand. [all one. " To give to Players, and to sacrifice to Deviles, is " The fruyte of the worlde, is ruine. " All the plentye of the worlde without my God, is to me povertie. " Vanitie of vanities, and all things are vanitie. » Notes, pp. 110, 111. «Hist. vol. ** In the Entree towards the Chappell. " My house shall be called the house of prayer. " Wherein every one that devoutly askythe, re- ceevithe. " In the Entrye towaids the Wyne Cellar. ** When a man swallowith up wyne, wyne swallowith up hym, and he is abhored of God, dispised of his Angell, scorned of men, and deprived of vertues. " In the Ewfie. <4 Fill the pots with water. " Be ye washed, and be ye dene, " In the Bedd Chamber. " Rest in God, and thou shalt be quyet. " Let sleep take the, whilst thou art meditatinge upon psalms. " That thou mayst dremc that thou arte inditing upon the psalms. " In the Privie Chappell. " My love, hope, and all my lyfe is Jhesus. " In the Chamber over his chamber. " Because the woord of God is quickninge, I will harken what our Lord Jesus sayth in me." 1, p. 84. *Ly sons' s Cambridgeshire. 86 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY Bishop had free chase, and the wood of Colnehalt, of 12 acres. The whole of the woods, with the park, amounted to 992 acres. Eight hundred and fifty-nine acres " Terra* lucrabilis," and 165 acres and a half " prati falcabiiis," with 20 acres of marsh in Bluntisham, and in a separate Lordship, belonged to the same manor. 1 Among the Bishops who resided here, we find the names of L'Isle, Fordham, Bourchier, and Stanley, the last greatly improved and enlarged the house. Here Bishop Hotham died, in 1337, and Bishop Goodrich, in 1554. — From the wood at Somersham, Bishop Nigellus bestowed a tree, weekly, for ever, upon the infirmary of the Monastery at Ely, for his soul's health, and the souls of his predecessors. 2 Bishop Longchamp, also, gave 1440 acres in Elm, and 240 acres of land in Somersham, to the same, for a pittance on the anniversary, to be celebrated, by the Monks, for eight days, in their Church, for the soul of King Richard I. whose Chief Justice he was, as well as Regent, during the absence of that King. 3 These were the principal residences of our Bishops ; but they, occasionally, lived in the following Manor Houses, until those were alienated from the See. Dodding- ton in the Isle ; about 11 miles north-west of Ely. At this place, there were two parks, of 80 and 60 acres each ; and a wood, called " Northwode," of 30 acres. Bishop Balsham died here, in 1286 ; and Bishops Arundel and Fordham resided here, as appears from their Registers. Fenn Ditton, three miles north-east of Cambridge. The monks had great possessions here, as well as in Wood Ditton. Bishop Northwold expended considerable sums upon this, and the other Manor- houses. A farm-house in Fenn Ditton, called Bigging, is said to have been the episcopal residence. By their registers, it appears, that Bishop Arundel and Bishop Bourchier lived here. At Balsham, about ten miles east of Cambridge, was another Manor-house, which Bishop Montacute resided at, in 1341 ; this, upon its alienation from the See, was purchased by the munificent founder of the Charter-house, Thomas Sutton, Esq. and, together with the premises, made part of the endowment of that noble institution. Bishop Hatfield, in Hert- fordshire, was a donation of King Edgar's, who gave forty hides of land, in that place, to furnish wood for the building of the Church, and for other uses. The property being claimed and recovered from the Convent, after the King's death, the Abbot exchanged other property for it, because the woods were more conveniently situated, for their uses, than any others they could apply to. Bishop A rundel resided here, and, by his apostolic authority, consecrated Henry de Wakefield, Bishop elect of Winchester, in the Chapel of this Manor-house, in . 1375. « Thomas de Wodestoche, the King's son, the Bishops of Rochester and Hereford, and Prior Bucton, were present, on the occasion. 4 Bishop Barnet died here ' From the record called " (lie Old Croiicher Book." 2 Lib. Intral. Chartarum Kpi, p. 157. 3 Hist. vol. 1, p. 143, note. * Rcgist Arundel, fol. 10. OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 87 here in 1373 ; Bishop Morgan, in 1435 ; and Bishop Luxemburg h 1443. Bishop Morton fitted up the house. There were two parks to this mansion, one of 1000 acres, and another of 3-30, called YnnyngS ; also a wood, of lf> acres, called Birches. 1 King Edward VI. was educated here, and went, from hence, to the Tower of London, previous to his Coronation. Queen Elizabeth resided here, at the time of Queen Mary's death. The house and manor, being afterwards sold to her, King James exchanged thein for Theobalds, with Sir Robert Cecil, who was advanced to the dignity of Earl of Salisbury, and erected the magnificent building upon the site, which is the residence of the present Marquis. Hadham, another Manor-house, in the same county. It appears by a Grant, dated at this place, in 1232, that it was the residence of Bishop North wold : it was also the abode of Bishop Mont acute, in 1337. These were the ten Manor-houses, Castles, and Palaces of residence, which belonged to the Bishop of Ely, in the time of Bishop Bar net, about 1370. 2 ST. MARY'S CHURCH. In the division of the Convent's Possessions, by Bishop Hcrvey, this Church, with the lands, tithes, and all things appertaining to it, were allotted to the Monks. 3 Bishop Eustachius rebuilt it, about 121 5, 4 and a grant of Bishop North- wold is extant, appropriating this Church, and the Vicarage of the same, to the Prior, in 1232 ; 5 and commanding William de Leyghton, who was Sacrist at that time, to be put into possession of them — " Nomine Majoris Ecclesiw." And, we find, this was one of the appropriations to that omce. 6 Bishop de Luda was consecrated in this Church, in 1290, by Archbishop Pechham, assisted by the Bishops of Bath and Wells, Winchester, Lincoln, Norwich, Salisbury, Exeter, and St. Asaph, who were assembled at Ely, to consider about a subsidy which King Edward I. had demanded of the Clergy. 7 The Sacrists exercised spiritual jurisdiction over the Chaplains of this, and the parish Church of St. Cross. 9 The mixture of the Norman decorations, with the early English clustered columns, and capitals in the pointed door-ways to this Church, is said to be the only instance in Ely (if not in any other place), of their being blended in the same arch and columns — and seems to indicate the intention of the architect " to adopt the new style, without quitting the old one." The arches, in the nave of the Church, are such as were in use at the end of the 12th or beginning of the 13th century ; but the heavy round pillars upon which they rest, with their unshapely bases and capitals, similar to those in the remains of the Conventual Church, induce the belief that they were part of the original building erected upon this site, before the time of Bishop Eustachius. 9 The 1 MS. Epi. Elien. R 2 Hist. vol. I, p. 163, note. 3 Ibid, p 134. App. 21. * Ibid. p. 145. s Lib. Intr. Chartarum Epi. Elien. 6 Hist. vol. 1, p. 127. 7 J bid . p. 152. 8 Ibid. * See Mr. Millers' s " Description of the Cathedral," p. 147. SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY CHANTRY on the GREEN. Frequent mention is made of the Chantry on the Green, in the History of this Church. This was a Chantry, founded in the Cathedral, by Bishop North- wold, A. D. 1250, to pray for his soul, the souls of King Henry III. and Alianora t his Queen, and their children, as well as for the souls of the Bishops of Ely, the Monks, and of all their benefactors. 1 For this purpose, he appointed four Chap- lains, who had their habitations on the Palace Green, and ordered twenty marks to be paid to them yearly. When Bishop Northwold settled the yearly stipend of twenty marks to be paid, by the Sacrist, out of his manors of Branford or Bramford, in Suffolk, and of Totteridge, in Hertfordshire,' 1 he declared all the rest of the profits thereof to the use of himself and his successors, the Bishops of Ely ; because those lands should never be alienated from the See. But, the Priory being dissolved, Queen Eliza- beth, while the See was vacant, took to herself the manor of Totteridge ; and King James granted the pension to Sir Edmund Sawyer, and Mr. Law. The house was standing in the time of Bishop Wren, as the Bishop says, " right against the gate of the demolished palace, but never belonged to the See of Ely since the Reformation." That Prelate has left on a loose sheet of paper, an account of a claim brought against him for a fee-farm rent, pretended to be due to the Crown, out of the Bishoprick of Ely, on account of the above pensions granted to the Chantry. 3 According to the Bishop's plain and mild statement, the claim seems to have been most rigidly and unjustly made upon him, by Mr. Auditor Phillips, notwithstanding the above appeared on the rolls of the Auditor of the Exchequer ; and although one Mr. Page, Steward of the Dean and Chap- ter's lands, had disposed of the house, as his own, nobody else claiming it, in the long vacation of the Bishoprick. The house was seized upon by a special favourite of Oliver Cromwell, and the rent was then supposed, by the Bishop, to be worth more than 161. a year. The habitations of the Chaplains stood on the site where the house of the late John Waddington, Esq. was built. The HOSPITAL of ST. MARY MAGDALEN and ST. JOHN BAPTIST. An ancient Hospital in Ely, is mentioned, in the time of Henry II. 1169,* but it is not evident, whether the Hospital of St. Mary or St. John is meant. Bishop de Burgh appropriated the Rectory of Little port to the former. 5 Bishop North* wold, according to Mr. Bentham, united them, about the year 1240; Bishop Wren 1 MS. Regist. Eps. Elieft. M. p. 187. 9 Ibid. p. 188. 3 Tim curious document is iathe Secretary's office, Ely Hou6«. * Madox Exchequer, p. 210. 5 Uiat. vol. 1, p. OF ELY CATHEDRAL 80 Wren, in his answer to Archbishop Sheldon, in 1665, ascribes this act to Bishop Balsham ; but that is an error, as the ordinance for that purpose shews, which is still extant. 1 Bishop Wren also says, " they were both well indowed, by the Bishops of Ely, and did wholly belong to that See, as other parts of their demesnes did." Bishop Orford, in 1310, prescribed rules for their Hospital, a collated copy of which, dated April 26, 1407, is inserted in Bishop Fordham's Register. 2 The society was under the controul of the Sacrist, who acted as the Bishop's Vicar, until 1458, when Bishop Gray made Robert Norman, one of his domestic Chap- lains, Master or Warden. It consisted of 13 Chaplains, or Brethren ; who had a refectory and dormitory ; and wore uniform habits. The names of the following Masters, who presided over this community, occur in the remaining Episcopal Registers : — 1340 John de Walcote 1500 John Fisher 3 1344 John de Cotone 1519 Wills. Panadensis Epus 1454 William, Bishop of Dunkeld 1528 Jobs. Holt Epus Lyddensis 1458 Robert Norman 1540 Robert Blytt, Bishop of Down Thomas Roufote 1547 Ric. Wilks, S. T. B. 1478 James Frost Edward Leeds. The last of these, who was Master of Clare Hall, in Cambridge, and Preben- dary of the 2d stall in Ely Cathedral, procured a grant of the Hospital, 4 and, with the Bishop's consent, in 1561, surrendered the whole site and possessions thereof to the Master and Fellows of Clare Hall for evei\ The remains of the buildings are situated a short distance west of St. Mary's Church, on the Cambridge road. This Hospital was 40 marks in the Kind's books, and paid 52s. 6d. for tenths, per annum ; 5 it was valued the 26th of Henry VIII. at £25, 5*. 3d. per annum. 6 It is not known where the Hospital of St. Mary stood. The hamlet of Stuntney, about a mile south of Ely, which shall conclude this account, was one of the oldest possessions of the Church. The manor-house was once the residence of Sir Thomas Steward, and afterwards his nephew, Oliver Cromwell, who, in 1644, ordered "the Clergy Vicar to leave off his fooling," and drove the congregation from the Cathedral. The Saxon Chapel we have noticed before, p. 44, n. This manor was appropriated to the office of Cellarer. 1 MS. Lib. Intr. Chart. Epi. Eliens. 2 Fol. 218. 3 Afterwards Bishop of Rochester. * Tn the Paper Office is the following Petition for the purpose :— " Whereas Edward Leeds, Cleik, meaneth to assure the Hospital of St. John Baptiste, in Ely, unto Clare Hall, for the foundation of ten Scholarships, in the said College, for ever ; and hath redeemed, to that end, the certain Advowson thereof ; and intendeth to procure the assent of my Lord Bishop, with the Dean and Chapter, for the confirmation of that purpose ; he desiretli also to have the Queen's Majesty's grant thereof. The said Hospital is worth, above all charge*, §0/. by the year." * Bishop Wren. 6 Bishop Tanner. Bishops 90 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY BISHOPS OF ELY. (Continued from page 13 of the Addenda. J LIII. THOMAS DAMPIER, D. D. 1808. XN addition to what has been given respecting this Prelate, p. 13 in the Addenda, we have to observe, that he did not remain long at the head of this Church : he was carried off by a sudden attack of the gout in his stomach, on the 13th of May, 1812, in the 64th year of his age, and is buried in the Chapel of Eton Col- lege, within the walls of which he was born. He was a Prelate of very considerable learning, talents, and accomplishments, of a most amiable temper, firm and vigilant in the government of his Diocese, and conscientiously attached to the Establishment of this Country in Church and State. He filled all the duties of his station with liberality, ability, and dignity; and his memory will long be preserved in the affection and esteem of those who knew his virtues, and regret his loss. A HE son of William Sparke, Esq. late Major of the 48th regiment of foot, was born at Bury St. Edmund's, in Suffolk. He was educated at Eton School, from whence he removed to Pembroke-hall, Cambridge, where he took the degree of A. B. in 1782 ; was elected Fellow of the College, in 1784; and proceeded A. M. in 1785. In 1789, he was instituted to the Rectory of Waltham on the Wolds, in Leicestershire, and afterwards to the Rectory of Redmile, in the same county. In 1803, he was preferred to the Deanery of Bristol, on which occasion he took the degree of D. D. In 1808, he resigned his preferment in Leicestershire, and was instituted to the Rectory of Leverington, in the Isle of Ely ; in 1809, he was promoted to the See of Chester ; and, on the death of Bishop Dampier, in May, 1812, was translated to the See of Ely. 53. 1 HE Rev. JOHN HENRY BROWNE, A. M. Rector of Cotgrave, Not- tinghamshire, Examining Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of Ely, and late Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge > was collated to the Archdeaconry, September 23d, 1816, upon the death of Richard Watson, D. D. Bishop of Llandaff, Regius Professor of Divinity at Cambridge, &c. who was appointed to the Archdeaconry in 1779. LIV. BOWYER EDWARD SPARKE, D. D. 1812, ARCHDEACON. Prebendaries OF ELY CATHEDRAL. 91 PREBENDARIES of ELY continued. Third Stall. 15. JAMES CROFT, M. A. son of the Rev. Robert Croft, one of the Canon Residentiaries in the Cathedral of York, and Rector of Rowley, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, was educated at Eton School, from whence lie was removed in 1803, to Peter-house, Cambridge. B. A. 1807 ; M. A. 1811. Upon his alliance with the Archbishop of Canterbury's family, he was instituted to the Rectory of Salt wood cum Hythe, in the county of Kent, 1812, and appointed to the third Stall, on the death of Mr. Underwood, being the option of his Grace the Arch- bishop of Canterbury, 1815. PREBENDARY of the Fifth Stall. 15. Sir HENRY RATE DUDLEY, Baronet, LL D. 1815, the son of the Rev. Henry Rate, A.M. a beneficed clergyman in the Diocese of Worcester. He was educated under Dr. Miles, head master of the King's School, in that city, and afterwards graduated in the University of Oxford. Soon after his ordination, he went over to Ireland, under the patronage of Lord Viscount Towns/tend, then Lord Lieutenant of that kingdom, and, in the year following, was instituted to the Rectory of North Fambridge, in Essex, on the presentation of the Crown ; sometime after which he assumed the name of Dudley, by virtue of a licence under the King's Sign Manual, and conformably to the will of his maternal aunt. In consequence of a memorable contest with Dr. Porteus, Bishop of London, respecting the right of presentation to the valuable Rectory of Rradwell juxta Mare, x he returned to Ireland, where he was promoted to the Rectories of Kilscoran, in the county of Wexford, and Kilglass, in the county of Longford, and also to the Chancellor- ship (with a Prebendal Stall) of the Cathedral of Ferns, in that kingdom, on which he continued resident until the Regency, in 1812, when, under the Patronage of the Prince Regent, he was presented to the Rectory of Willingham, in the county of Cambridge y in the room of Dr. Law, made Bishop of Chester, and afterwards to the fifth Stall in this Cathedral Church, on the death of Dr. Waddington, having previously been created a Baronet of Great Britain. PREBENDARY of the Sixth Stall. Besides the particulars of HOUSTONNE RADCLIFFE, D. D. given in the Addenda, page 19, we have received the following account : — He is the third surviving son of John Radcli/fe, Esq. Barrister at Law, and Counsel to the Corpo- ration of Liverpool. His father and mother died in his infancy. He received his education 1 At the close of a litigation of fourteen years, the Advowson of this Church was, after three days' solemn argument in the Court of Common Pleas, decreed to be legally vested in Sir //. B. Dudley. 92 SUPPLEMENT TO THE HISTORY education at Manchester School, under the Rev. Mr. Purnell, and, in 1751, was entered a Commoner of Brasen-nose College, Oxford, and soon after chosen a Scholar on the Duchess of Somerset's foundation. In 1765 he was elected a Fellow of his College, and, in 1768, a Tutor, in the place of Dr. Cleaver, the present Bishop of St. Asaph. In 1786, Archbishop Moore collated him to the Rectory of Mersham, in Kent, which he held, by dispensation, with the Vicarage of Gillingham. In 1787, the Archbishop was applied to by Mr. D'Oyly, with the consent of the Bishop of Ely, to exchange the Rectory of Buxted, then vacant, and of which the Archbishop of Canterbury is Patron, for this Prebend and the Rectory of Melton, in Suffolk, then likewise vacant, and in Mr. D'Oyly's gift, in right of his Stall, to which the Archbishop consented, and Dr. White was presented to Melton, Mr. D'Oyly to Buxted, and Dr. Radcliffe to this Prebend. In 1795 the Chancellorship of the Diocese of Lincoln was offered to Dr. Radcliffe, but declined by him in favour of Dr. King, who resigned the fourth Stall in the Church of Canterbury, to which Dr. Radcliffe was appointed, and soon afterwards resigned his Stall in this Cathedral. On the death of Dr. Blayney, in 1801, the Regius Professorship of Hebrew, at Oxford, was offered to Dr. Radcliffe, by Mr. Addington, then Chancellor of the Exchequer, to whom he had been Tutor, which he gratefully declined, " not being willing," as he stated, " to stand in the way of others, better qualified for the office, and being well satisfied with his situation." In the year 1803, he was collated by the Archbishop to the Archdeaconry of Canterbury} In addition to the account of Dean Tindal, vol. 1, p. 229, it appears from the pedigree of that very ancient family, 2 that Nicholas Tindal, the translator and continuator of Rapin, was immediately descended from our Dean. The sister of the historian was married to that eminent scholar Dr. Nathaniel Forster, the con- fidential friend of Archbishop Herring. The Doctor's grand-daughter was married to the Rev. Thomas Crompton,, of Cranworth, in Norfolk, from whom we have received (too late for insertion in its proper place) the following additional par- ticulars respecting WILLIAM CROMPTON, son of Edward Crompton, Esq. He was born in London ; educated, during ten years, under Mr. Sanxy, in a private school at Chean, in Surrey. At the age of sixteen, he was admitted pensioner at Caius College, Cambridge, May 22, 1749 ; B. A. 1753; M. A. 1756 ; and LL. D. 1763. See p. 14 of this Supplement. 1 In the former account of Dr. Radcliffe^ in the Addenda, p. 19, for Houston read Houstonne, and for " East Bridge" Hospital, read Norlkgate and Harbledown. 2 Vol. 9 Literary Anecdotes, p. 302. NOTES, BIOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL, ARCHITECTURAL, and EXPLANATORY, TO Mr. Benthams History OF THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF ELY. NOTES. NOTES TO MEMOIRS. "Descended from a very ancient Family." Page 1, line 9. ThOMAS DE BENTHAM was admitted to the Vicarage of Stepel Morden, in the Diocese of Ely, November 11, 1381 ; and the Pedigree annexed to these Memoirs exhibits a circum- stance rarely to be met with, viz. The family is continued from Thomas Bishop of Lich- field, in 1559, to the Rev. James Bentham, the present Vicar of West Bradenham, in 1815, by a series of twenty Clergymen, in regular succession, for seven generations. NOTES. (introduction.) saying, that, the Bishops, in many instances, were the Architects and Superintendants of the Churches which they erected. C( The famous Alcuin." P. 26, I. 7.] — This justly celebrated character, sprung from a noble parentage, was born at York, and received his education in the episcopal monastery of that city. Chosen by Archbishop Egbert to be the head of that academical institution, the talents, learning, and virtues, which he displayed in fulfilling the duties of his im- portant situation, rendered his school the focus of attraction, not only to the literary amongst his own countrymen, but also to the students of Germany and France. To the latter coun- try, as well as to Italy, he was afterwards entrusted with ecclesiastical missions of great confidence.' In one of these, returning from Rome, he was introduced at Pavia to Charle- magne, who, in consideration of his learning and skill, confided to him the management of a scholastic establishment, which, for the encouragement of literature and the arts, this great Prince had established in his own palace. Alcuin, who had attained to the highest repu- tation in the University of Paris, founded at the close of the eighth century, having produced some able Professors from amongst the number of his pupils, afterwards sent them to the Colleges which he had formed at Aix la Chapelle, Tours, and other places. He died in Paris, regretted by the Emperor, with whose friendship he had been honoured in a peculiar manner, and lamented by the age in which he lived, as its brightest and most distinguished ornament.' "Arts were formerly confined to Cloisters." P. 26, I. 4 from the bottom.^ — Among the many proofs which might be adduced to establish the truth of this assertion, the following account, given by Osbern, in his Life of St. Dunstan, may be sufficient. Painting, sculpture, working in gold, silver, brass and iron, were taught in Glastonbury, as well as philosophy, divinity, and music, in the 10th century. And Gifford reported of Walstrop House, which Cromwell ordered him to visit, that " there was not one religious person there, but that he could and did use either embrothyring, writing books in a very fair hand, making their own garments, carving, painting, or grafting." " Religion and Learning:' P. 27, I. 17.] — Alfred, in his letter to Wulsig, Bishop of Wor- cester, says, " All knowledge of learning was forgotten in the kingdom of England : few to the south of the Humber understood the common prayers of the Church, or were capable ot translating a single Latin sentence into the Saxon tongue." But in the south of the Thames, he says, u he could not recollect one that could do this." From the best accounts, indeed, it does not appear, that more than one or two literary men existed in this country, from the death of Alcuin, A. D. 804, to Alfred's accession, A. D. 817. AVhen Johannes Scotus Erigena, a Scotchman, (or as some say a native of Herefordshire, others of Ireland ) appeared, who taught in the Schools at Oxford for three years, according to Cave and Tanner. It is gene- rally admitted that he died A. D. 883. But the circumstance of his being murdered by his pupils is supposed to be a mistake, and that historians have confounded him with another John Scot. Dr. Henry thinks it most probable that he died in France. — The Doctrine of Transubstantiation, which innovated at this time, was strongly opposed by Erigena and Grimbald. " Alfred." ' Linguard's Anglo Saxon Church, 1 Le Noir — Monumens du Moyen Age. NOTES. (introduction). 17 " Alfred." P. 27, I. 20.]— It is the opinion of Malmesbury that Alfred's great acquire- ments were attained in the Court of Charlemagne, where he fled for protection from the per- secution of Brithric. He was a skilful performer on the Harp, and we are indebted to him for the introduction of Organs, and for the improvement of our Psalmody. Ecclesiastical and Military Architecture experienced improvements in his reign. And it is worth remarking that there is great similarity between the Saxon stile of Architecture in the buildings erected by this King, and those in South Wales, erected by Howel Dha, or Howel the Good, who formed his Laws from those of Alfred. A very curious account of the manner of doing this will be found in the Chronicle of Caradoc, a very scarce black letter book, 1583; and in King's " Munimenta Antiqua," vol. 4, p. 68. " In that of Athelstan." P. 28, I. 12.]— The most learned men were employed, in this King's reign, to translate the Bible into the Saxon language, about the year 930 or 940. — And Spelman informs us, that it was ordained that 50 Psalms should be sung for the King, in 'all Monasteries and Cathedral Churches, every Friday. That, on the death of a Bishop, the inhabitants of every parish were ordered to assemble and say 36 Psalms; to fast one day; and, for 36 days together, seven belts of Pater Nosters, or as many as would tell the string of beads seven times over, should be sung for him : and to make assurance doubly sure, 600 Psalms were to be sung and 120 Masses to be said for his repose ! Finally, that every Bishop and Abbot should set at liberty three slaves, and manumise all the English slaves of the deceased. " Ailwin, Alderman of all England." P. 28, Z. 23.] — In the course of some excellent animadversions on the various arts of the Monks and Clergy to persuade Princes and Nobles to found and endow Conventual Establishments, the Historian Henry adduces the following notable instance of this pernicious infatuation : — e When the Earl Alwine, who was the greatest and richest man in England, in the reign of Edgar the Peaceable, consulted St. Oswald, Bishop of York, what he should do to obtain the pardon of his sins, the pious Pre- late made him the following eloquent harangue : ' I beseech your Excellency to believe, that those holy men who have retired from the world, and spend their days in poverty and prayer, are the greatest favourites of heaven, and the greatest blessings to the world. It is by their merits that divine judgments are averted and changed ; that plagues and famines are removed ; that healthful seasons, and plentiful harvests are procured ; that states and kingdoms are governed ; that prisons are opened, captives delivered, shipwrecks prevented, the weak strengthened, and the sick healed : that, I may say all in one word, it is by their merits that this world, so full of wickedness, is preserved from immediate destruction. I entreat you, therefore, my dear son, if you have any place in your estate fit for that purpose, that you immediately build a Monastery, and fill it with holy monks, whose prayers will supply all your defects, and expiate all your crimes.' The building of Ramsey Abbey was the consequence of this fine speech." " Not then been long in use." P. 29, I. 2.] — That Transepts were very early introduced into the construction of Churches on the Continent seems to be well established. Their adoption in the buildings of the age of Constantine is doubtful, as no mention is made of them. D 18 NOTES. (introduction.) them. The Church of Daphne, near Athens, built under Areadius and Honorius, is the earliest supposed instance of their appearance in the Eastern Empire. And the Church of St. Paul, at Rome, is the first certain instance of their introduction; the plan of the Basi- lica,, out of which it was formed, being- very favourable to such an innovation. 1 Dr. Milner having stated in his "History and Survey of the Antiquities of Winchester," that King Lucius was the Original Founder of that Cathedral, in the second century ; and that it was constructed in the form of a cross, and rebuilt in that shape, A. D. 313, and 635 ; the Author of "Architectural Notices in reference to the Cathedral Church of Ely," 2, has given, in the form of a note, some very judicious, and what he deems conclusive " Obser- vations on the Introduction of Transepts into England," communicated to him by a friend ;. the substance of which is as follows : — There is strong reason to agree with Mr. Bentham, that the tenth century is the most probable aera of the introduction of the form of the cross into England. The oblong shape, with circular ending, was universal in the Great Churches before that period. Hexham was round ; Abbendon nearly oval ; but among the Cathedral and chief Conventual Churches, we have no certain record of any deviation from the oblong or Basilica shape, till the building of Ramsey Abbey Church, A. D. 974. The writer further observes that Dr. Milner takes his authorities for the above assertion, from " Thomas Rudborne, a monk of the fifteenth century ; who collected his materials from the writings of other monks, who lived before him, but at what time is not known" — that the Doctor " convicts his historian of a most extravagant fable, and, shortly after, of a consi- derable mis-statement" ' — that "the city of Winchester," according to the Doctor's account " was sacked, burnt, and its Clergy massacred, twice between the time of Lucius' s foundation and the Norman Conquest" 4 — that " it was the custom of the barbarous invaders to consume all books and writings, as magical" — that " the history of Lucius is disputed" — that "the Church in Dover Castle, said to be built by him, was originally oblong, the cross ailes being constructed in after times" — that the passage in William of Malmesbury, from which Dr. Milner assumes that the new Church with transepts, was built at Winchester, soon after the conversion of King Kinigil, s "probably signifies nothing more than that the next Church was founded on the spot" — and that the other interpretation is confuted by the Doctor himself. 6 Having shewn that we have the instances of Hexham and Ely in the seventh century ; and of York in the eighth, without transepts ; that in the ninth the continued irruptions of the Danes put a stop to all improvement, and even the practice of the arts; the writer repeats " there is no authentic mention of transepts before the tenth century into England." And he discards as improbable the very idea of the fabric of 313 and of 635, as well as the date assigned to the transepts at Winchester. " Generally turned circular at the east end." P. 29, I. 8.] — The mode of building the east end of the early Saxon Churches in a semi circular form, was retained to a later period, as at Canterbury, Ely, and it was lately discovered to have been the form of the Cathedral at Norwich • but the east end of Gloucester is eliptical. " Basilicce." 1 Wliittington's " Ecclesiastical Antiquities of France." * The Rev. Mr. Haggit, Rector of Ditton. 3 History of Winchester, vol. ii. pag. 3, note 7, and pag. 4, note 2. 4 Ibid. p. 3, n. 7. 5 Ibid. p. 6, n. 4. 6 Ibid. p. 10, n. 3. Those who wish to see what further observations Dr. Milner has made on this subject, will find them in his " Treatise on, the Ecclesiastical Architecture of England." NOTES. (introduction.) 19 te Basilica;." P. 29, I. 9.] — The form and dimensions of Pagan Temples, in general, were very ill adapted to the purposes of Christian worship ; at all events they were better calculated for Chapels and Oratories for a small congregation. But the Basilica or Public Courts, where Kings presided to administer justice, possessed every convenience for a Chris- tian assembly. " The ailes on each side for the women ; the area, in the middle, for the men ; the apsis, or semi-circular retreat, raised on a flight of steps, at the end, for the Bishop, and Presbyters ; the altar, surrounded with youth and innocence, between the Clergy and the people." The Basilica also were at the disposal of the Sovereign, and were devoted, for the celebration of religious offices, by Constantine . The following Churches in Rome were originally halls of justice : St. Clement, St. Sebastian, St. Lawrence, St. Maria Maggiore, St. John Lateran, St. Crucis, St. Paul, and the Vatican, or St. Peter's. Of these, St. Cle- ment's is considered as one of the best models of the original form of a Christian Church ; the utmost attention having been paid to its primitive shape and fashion ; and as all the Roman Churches, and almost all the Cathedral and Abbey Churches, in Italy, have retained or imitated the same form, a description of its interior, as given by Mr. Eustace, in his " Classical Tour through Italy," may here with propriety be added : — " In the front is a court with galleries supported by eighteen pillars. The portico is formed of four columns, and its interior divided into a nave and ailes, by twenty pillars. The choir commences about the centre of the nave, and extends to the steps of the sanctuary. There are two pulpits or ambona ; one on each side of the choir. A flight of steps leads to the sanctuary, or chancel, in the middle of which stands the episcopal chair, and on each side of it, two marble ranges of seats border the wall for the accommodation of the priests ; the inferior clergy, with the singers, occupy the choir. In front of the episcopal throne, and between it and the choir, just above the steps of the sanctuary, rises the altar unincum- bered by screens, and conspicuous on all sides. The ailes terminated in two semi-circles, now used as Chapels, called, anciently, Exedra or Cella, and appropriated to private devotion." 1 Mr. Eustace concludes, that, as the plan of all the above Churches has not the least resemblance to a Cross, Mr. Gibbon is mistaken, who attributes to the ancient Christians, a partiality for that figure, and an unwillingness to convert Pagan Temples into Churches, because not erected in that form. 1 " The invention of Bells is somewhat obscure." P. 29, /. 7 from bott.~\ — According to Spel- man, Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in Campania, was the inventor of Bells now used in Churches, about A. D. 400. Hence the Latin word Campana. Pope Stephanus the 3d built a Tower to St. Peter's Church, and placed three bells in it, to call the people to divine service, A. D. 770. Bede also mentions the use of large bells in England as early as A. D. 680. — Egelrick, Abbot of Cropland, during Edgar's reign, cast six bells; and Turketul, who died 875, is said to have " led the way in that fancy." —But after all these evidences, the late Mr. Brand, to whom we are indebted for most of these particulars, says he had examined the above ' Piranesi has published accurate Views of the Interior and Exterior of all these magnificent structures; and plans, with a most interesting account of each of them, will be found in Mr. Eustace's work above quoted. 1 The lamented death of this excellent man, and most elegant and accomplished writer, was announced whilst the pre- sent work was preparing for press. — See account of him in the Gentleman's Magazine for October, 1815, pag. 372. D2 20 NOTES. (introduction.) above passage in Bede, respecting bells, and found that the Saxon word Cluggan, by which the word Campana is translated, signifies a clock ; and he adds, that " we are left much in the dark concerning the Antiquities of the earlier ages of the Church." In Alan Walsingharn's account, as Sacrist of Ely, is a charge for a clapper to the great bell called Bounce, and for repairs to another called Peter, 1322 ; consequently we may con- ceive those bells had been long and much used. The bells first put up in the great West Tower in 1346 were Mary, 2180 lbs.; John, 2704 lbs.; Jesus, 3792 lbs. ; and Walsingham, 6280 lbs. " Organs." P. 30, I. 3.] — Mr. Lingard asserts that Organs were sent to this country by Pope Vitalian, in the 7th Century. Malmesbury tells us that Dunstan erected one, in the time of Edgar, at Glastonbury. The reader will find the representation and description of a very curious one taken from a Psalter of Eadwin, at Cambridge, in Mr. Strutt's "Horda," vol. 1, plate 33, and vol. 2, p. 20. The introduction of them into Churches, tended greatly to promote that delight which was taken by our ancestors, at a very early period, in the practice of psalm singing. A writer of the 9th Century notices these noble instruments, "whose pipes of copper, being winded by bellows, and furnished with proper stops and keys, sent forth a most loud and ravishing music that was heard at great distance." "More remains of these ancient structures." P. 31, I. 6.]— The small Church of Stewkley, in Buckinghamshire, is an oblong, 94 feet in length within side, including the Chancel. The nave is 21 feet 8 inches in width. The chancel is vaulted, with diagonal groins and zig-zag moulding. The windows small and round headed. And in other particulars, this curious Church is allowed, by those who have made Ancient Architecture their study, to be (considered externally and internally), one of the most complete specimens now remain- ing, in this kingdom, of Saxon Architecture. Upton Church, in Buckinghamshire, certainly retains its original form, but it is less ornamented, and is much smaller than Stewkley Church. The roof of the chancel is also stone and groined, and there is a plain square tower, betwixt the nave and the chancel, as at Stewkley. Ovington Church, in Berkshire, remains nearly in its original state, it is 75 feet, by 14 feet 7 inches, within. The arch which divides the chancel from the nave, is formed of the segments of two circles, having different centres. The roof of the chancel here appears also to have been groined with stone ; and at the east end, are three small round-headed windows. Bishop Lyttleton pronounces the Church of Devizes, in Wiltshire, and Iffley, in Oxford- shire, to be Saxon, and we may add, that few are more interesting or curious. Mr. King says, that Christ Church, Oxford, and the great Gate at Bury, which he calls Canute's Gate, afford the most striking instances of that " bold and noble stile the full and perfect Saxon." To the notice of these fine remains the Editor has the pleasure of adding an account of the small Church of Lastingham, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, communicated by his late friend, Mr. Joseph Halfpenny 1 : — The 1 The Views of this Church and its Crypts, faithfully engraved by him, as well as the above account, may be properly esteemed illustrative appendages to the History of our Cathedral : Lastingham being the Monastery to which Ethddreda's Chief Minister Ovinus retired in imitation of his Royal Mistress. And the Church and Crypt are as curious and perfect specimens of Saxon Architecture as any that remain to us. — See mention of this Monastery, page 50 of the Introduction to this History. NOTES. (INTRODUCTION.) 21 The crypt is only 41 feet 6 inches, by 21 feet 8 inches within, and 9 feet 6 inches high, groined, with intersecting circular arches, which rest upon round pillars, only 5 feet 7 inches high, including the bases ; the last are two feet, and the capitals the same height ; so that the shafts are only 1 foot 7 inches high, and 1 foot 9 inches in diameter. The part under the nave is nearly square, and divided by four of these massive supports. The capitals of two of them are ornamented ; one, in particular, with interlaced pointed arches, and on the bases of one or other of them, the torus and double torus are found, similar to those in the crypt of York Cathedral. Two half columns of the same style support the arches on each side and end. It is round-ended, and three narrow, round-headed, openings, give light to this crypt. We learn from Bede, x that this ancient structure was founded by Bishop Ceadda, or St. Chad, A. D. 648, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary. It was destroyed by the Danes, and Abbot Stephen began to repair it before he was removed to St. Mary's Abbey, in York. — This account and the general appearance of the nave and chancel agree, for they partake more of the style of the very early Norman. And Abbot Stephen lived in the time of Wil- liam the Conqueror ; when, no doubt, those parts were erected, or altered, as they are at present. " Buttresses." P. 31, /. 20.]— Buttresses at the end of buildings were used, Mr. Whitaker says, by the Britons of Cornwall, in the 7th Century. Lateral Buttresses are first mentioned by William of Worcester, at Ware, in Hertfordshire. " Incorporated with the new Works of the Normans." P. 31, Note I. 7 from the bottom.^ — An instance of this kind occurs at Norwich, where, at the erection of the Cathedral, Bishop Herbert strengthened and supported the Norman structure he was raising, by incorporating with it the solid arches of a Saxon Church, which he was about to destroy. " Improvements in Architecture by the Normans." P. 32, I. 1.1 — In point of elevation, massiveness and magnitude, Mr. Whitlington observes, that the Saxon Churches of this country are inferior to those erected by the Norman Prelates ; and that the Norman mode differed considerably from that which was adopted near Paris, and further to the south. — The Abbey Church of St. Stephen, at Caen, is cited by that ingenious writer as a principal example, on the Continent, of the stile of building introduced into England at the end of the 11th Century.* Mr. Carter contends with great earnestness for the superiority of the early English Churches over those in France, of Norman erection ; and recommends a comparison of the lines, embel- lishments, &c. of the front of the above Church (which was erected by William the Conqueror ) with the following Saxon Churches in this country, not doubting of a verdict in favour of the latter. St. Augustine's, Canterbury, A. D. 605 ; Southwell Minster, 630 ; Hexham, 674 ; Malmesbury, 675 ; St Alban's Interior, 793; St. Joseph's Chapel, Glastonbury, 954; Ramsey, 967 ; the Nave and Transepts of Peterboro', 970 ; West Front of Durham, 995 ; the Towers of Exeter, 1050 ; 1 and the remains of Waltham Abbey, 1062. 4 Without 1 Bede's Hist. lib. 3, c. 23. 1 " Ecclesiastical Antiquities of France." 3 The building of these Towers, Sir Henry Englrfield ascribes to Bishop Warlewast, 1107. 4 Gents. Mag. Sept, 1815. 22 NOTES. (introduction.) Without entering into the merits of either of these opinions, it may be concluded, from the buildings now remaining, that the Norman Churches of the 11th Century, in this country, were indeed sumptuous and magnificent. A sufficient portion of the plan of the west front of the Priory Church at Castle Acre remains,to warrant this assertion. It was founded about A. D. 1085, by the first Earl Warren and Surrey. — The Rev. Robert Forby has given an account of it in the third volume of Mr. Britton's Architectural Antiquities ; which Work abounds with accurate Views, Plans, and details of these ancient Structures. " The difference between Saxon and Norman Architecture." P. 32, 1. 18.] — Bishop Lyttleton first noticed the difference in the stile of Norman and contemporary Saxon Architecture, about the year 1742 : and the communication of his ideas, with rules for distinguishing them from each other, gave rise to Dr. Ducarel's " Norman Antiquities." In "Disquisitions," by Dr. Sayers, 1808, will be found, under the title of " Hints on English Architecture," an excellent manual for ascertaining the class or age of our ancient structures, which had long been a desideratum. Those ideas have since been adopted, and several criteria, previously noticed by the Doctor, have been most judiciously added to them, in the description of our Cathedral, by the Rev. George Millers. Those who wish to go more at large into the subject, will find ample information, accompanied with numerous illustrative prints, in the 4th volume of Mr. King's " Munimenta Antiqua." " Gloucester." P. 33, I. 13.] — Opinions being so various respecting the time when many parts of this Cathedral were erected as it now stands, the following tables, from the account of the building published by the Society of Antiquaries, with the Names of the Abbots in whose time they were erected, may be acceptable : The Crypt and Ailes round the Choir, 1058, by Abbot Aldred. Nave, all but the Vaulting and ancient part of Transepts, 1104 — Serlo. South Aile and Vault of the Nave, \329—Thokey. West end of the Church, \Sll—Horton. Choir, 1381 — Boyfield. Great Cloisters, 1412, — Froucester. Central Tower, 1457 — Seabroke. Lady Chapel, 1499 — Farleigh. While mention is made of this fine Structure, we cannot pass over, in silence, the Whisper- ing Gallery,- which is 75 feet long, 3 feet broad, and 8 feet high within. This extraordinary building transmits sounds in so wonderful a manner, that the lowest whisper, or the slightest scratch with a pin, is heard distinctly from one end to the other; although the masonry is not smooth, and there are two perforations, besides a door, in the wall, where the sound appears the strongest. The Editor has been assured that a similar effect will be experienced by two persons standing and speaking, with their faces to the wall, in opposite alcoves upon Westminster Bridge. tc Zig-zag moidding." P. 34, I. 9 from the bottom.~\ — This ornament, and other traces of the Lombard and Saxon stile, Mr. Whittington found in the Palace of Dioclesian, at Spalatro, and NOTES. (INTRODUCTION.) 23 and he adduces them as instances of the debasement of Roman Architecture, at the end of the third Century. 1 " Embattled Frette." P. 34, I. 6 from the bottom.'] — Mr. King esteems this to be the oldest ornament in the world, and says it is traced to ages before the records of history, and is common to different nations before they could have intercourse with each other since the dispersion. Upon Tuscan vases before the foundation of Rome ; upon the cloths of the South Sea Islanders ; upon vases of the native Mosquita Indians of America ; among the Chinese; in Japan, &c; tracing it up to the days of Noah. 1 The same learned writer has given us upwards of fifty different specimens of Saxo?i Mouldings. A short time before the Conquest, the Normans seem to have laid aside what they con- sidered as ornaments, and to have used the round arch with the mouldings, entirely plain except the Zig-Zag. Dr. Ducarel, who tells us this, mentions the two churches of St. Ste- phen and the Holy Trinity, at Caen, as proofs, which, being Royal Foundations, we may suppose to be as magnificent specimens of that age, as he could select. They are entire, and all the arches of the doors and windows, as well as those of the nave, are round. — Hence he draws the conclusion, that the Normans during the same period, used the same stile, as the Saxons in England, excepting the ornaments, and that the plain round arch may be considered as the fashion of the Conqueror's age. J " Peterboro." P. 35, I. 6.] — The stone of which this Cathedral is built was brought from Barnack near Stamford. The blocks are of an uncommon size, and it is of very superior quality. Many of our Cathedrals and Conventual Churches were built of stone brought from Caen in Normandy. And it is a curious fact, not generally known, that, the quantity brought from thence was so great, that the exportation w as at length prohibited ; the owner of the stone, as well as the master of the vessel, being obliged to give security that it should not be sold to foreigners. 4 "Heads of Men and Animals." P. 35, I. 12.] — Mr. Walpole, in his " Anecdotes of Paint- ing" has given the introduction of these subjects, into ancient buildings, to Marchion of Arezzo ; and he suggests that the grotesque designs for spouts arose from those fancies. — But in the Appendix to the " Historical Survey," we are informed that the projecting figures and heads, supporting consoles, like corbels, are found in the remains of Dioclesian's Baths at Rome, and that the monsters on spouts and gutters are as old as the Parthenon at Athens. "Figure of our Saviour over one of the -South Doors at Ely." P. 35, I. 24.] — The same design is sculptured over the curious door-way of the South Porch of Malmesbury, which is beautifully engraved in Mr. Britton's first volume of Architectural Antiquities, who says that many other parts of this Church have such an exact resemblance to Ely Cathedral as to indicate the same era. a good book, called Summa Confessorum, &c. &c. 4 Present in the Army." P. 156, I. 17.] — William de Melton, Archbishop of York, the Abbot of St. Mary's, York, Sir William Ayremin, Priest, Chancellor of England, the Dean of York, the Abbot of Selby, and Sir John Pabeham, Knight, together with Bishop Hotham, assem- bled an army of 8000 men, which consisted of Clerks, Monks, Canons, and other spiritual persons, to assist in the recovery of Berwick, and to oppose the Scots. Above 4000 of these were slain or drowned, in the river Svoale ; and the remainder fled, with their leaders, except Sir John Pabeham, Sir William Ayremin, afterwards Bishop of Norwich, &c. who were taken prisoners. There were so many Clergymen in the army, that this was called the White Battle* Cost 1 Newcome's St. Alban's, p. 37. 1 Thomas Eliensis styles this " Sanctum Sacrilegium — Fidelejustam — Salutaris rapina." 3 Samyt was a very rich and valuable stuff; sometimes it was composed entirely of silk ; but it was frequently interwoven with threads of gold and silver, and in general it appears to have been embroidered, or otherwise embellished with gold in a very costly manner. 4 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 643. s Drake's York, p. 101. 8G NOTES. (HISTORY, &c.) Cost £2406 6s. lid." P 157, I. 7.]— The aggregate sums expended by Bishops North- wold, Hotham, and by the Convent, upon the additional building at the east end of the Church, the re-edification of the three Arches east of the Transept, and on the Octagon and Lantern ; besides what was expended upon the Tower, the Palace, the Lady Chapel, and other expensive works ; were equal to £170,000 of the present day. " In the year 1324." P. 157, I. 18.] — About this time, some persons broke into the Shrine of St. Etheldreda, and stole therefrom, a large golden Cross, given by King Edgar, besides many other valuable offerings. The thieves were followed to London, by Robert de Bykelyng, keeper of the Shrine ; who, after some trouble, recovered them, and they were again depo- sited in the Shrine, with great solemnity. 1 "Lands and Tenements." P. 157, I. 3 from the bottom."] — Besides these, he gave other houses in the city of London, situate in the parish of All Saints, Thames Street.* " In the year 1329." P. 158, /. 7.] — On the 24th of January, in this year, the marriage of King Edward III. and Philippa, daughter to William, Earl of Hainault and Holland, was celebrated in the Cathedral of York ; at which solemnity, Dr. Melton, Archbishop of Canter- bury, and Dr. Hotham, Bishop of Ely, sang the Mass 5 Fuit hie Episcopus praecipuus persuasor ad deliberandum Scotis, Ragmans Rolle et Nigram Crucem* "Buried behind the Altar." P. 158, I. 12.] — " On a certain day, after having celebrated mass at the high altar, in the Cathedral, returning to the vestry to lay by his Episcopal garments, the Bishop, by accident, struck his crozier on the place where he is now buried, and broke it ; turning to the Prior ( Crauden ), who was with him, he said ' Prior, in this place will I be buried, and when thou diest, thou also shalt be buried here, at my feet ' — Both which things were accordingly done." 5 "A magnificent Tomb was erected over him" P. 158, I. 13.] — The arches forming the canopy over this monument, are of the radiated sort, and round ; the pillars, neat and clus- tered. The front of the Tomb is adorned with alternate compartments of single and treble niches, the lesser of which had statues. 6 "His munificence to the Church." P. 158, I. 21.] — Bishop Hotham bequeathed to the Cathedral a golden chalice, having a large and precious ruby set in it ; two small golden pitchers, and a larger one of the same sort, for wine, with a valuable pearl set within it; a rich cope, embroidered with gold, and set with precious stones ; several sets of vestments, and many other ornaments of inferior value. 7 He also gave £100 to the Chapel of St. Mary, 11th Edward III. 8 and one hundred marks to the Monastery of St. Alban's. 9 Nicholas de Stockton, Rector of Tyd, was appointed his coadjutor, on account of the Bishop's in- firmities, May 21, 1336 ; as was Alan de Hotham, Canon of St. Paul's, soon after. 10 Page * Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 645. 1 Ibid. p. 647. 3 Drake's York, p. 104. 4 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 648. s Ibid. p. 650. 6 Sepulchral Monuments. 7 Anglia Sacra. * Masters' MS. 9 Newcome's Hist. 10 Masters' MS. NOTES. (bishops.) 87 Page 158.]— Bishop Montacute excommunicated certain persons, for stealing a hawk, sitting on her perch, in the cloisters of the Abbey of Bermondsey, in Southwark. This piece of sacrilege was committed during service time in the Choir ; and the hawk was the property of the Bishop.' "Archdeacon of Canterbury." P. 159, I. 9.] — He had the character of a learned man. — lie became eminent in Philosophy and Divinity, which he studied at Oxford. He was right- fully constituted Archdeacon of Canterbury, but was soon forced to quit this dignity, and to give place to another, on whom the Pope conferred it, by his bull of provision.* " Made Bishop of Worcester." P. 159, /.ll ] — He was at that time in Sub-deacon's orders, and Chaplain to the Pope. In 1336, he restored to the Prior and Convent of Worcester, the manor of Croule, which had been formerly taken from them, and was then held of him in capite ; for which they made him partaker of all their prayers, and ordered that the day of his death should be inserted in their martyrology, and his anniversary to be kept with mass and chaunt in their Choir.' He bequeathed several vestments and ornaments to the Church. 4 In the Combination Room, of Peterhouse, is a picture of Bishop Montacute, with this in- scription : — " Simon Montis-Acuti, decimus septimus Episcopus Eliensis, A. D. 1344." The Arms of the Bishopric impaling, Argent a Fess Lozenge, Gules, in a Bordure barry Vert and Or. " Lex ubi pulsa silet, regnat pro Lege Libido, Jusq ; Pudorq ; ruunt, mox ruitura magis." 5 " Thomas L'Isle." P. 160, I. 7.] — This Prelate was enthroned at Ely, with great pomp, the first Sunday in Advent, after his return to England, 1345. The Church in which he was buried at Avignon, is St. Praxides. 6 In the Library of Peterhouse, Cambridge, there is a manuscript Bible, formerly belonging to Bishop L'Isle ; in it is the following note : — Mdm. quod dominus, Frater Thomas de Insula, Ordinis predicatorum, Permissione Divina Episcopus Eliensis contulit Domini sue ac Scholaribus suis Sancte Marie extra Portam de Trumpeton Cantabrigie Commorantibus, Istam Bibliam XXVIII. die Novembris A" dni. 1300, et consecracionis sue VIII*. Sub Interminatione Anathematis alienand nullatenus cuicunque. 7 ** Time of the great Plague." P. 161, I. 1.] — Mr. Bentham supposes the number of paro- chial Clergy, in the Diocese of Ely, at this time, to be about 144. And it appears, from Bishop L'Isle's Register, that 92 Institutions took place within the year 1349 (the year then commencing March2bth) ; at which time, the plague raged in England, and other countries. From the number of collations and presentations, which happened in each month, from April 10th to March 23d, A D. 1349, we may learn the increase and decrease of this pestilence, in the Diocese of Ely. In the course of the preceding year, presentations and collations rarely occur. For in- stance * Regist. of Adam Orleton, Bishop of Winchest. fol. 56. * Battely's Appendix to Somncrs, partiv. p. 153. 3 Green's Worcester. * Anglia Sacra. 5 Blomejield's Collect. Cantab, p. 159. * Augha Sacra. 7 Blomefield's Collect. Cantab. 88 NOTES. (HISTORY, &C.) stance — there are none in the month of January ; only one in February ; one in March. — Suddenly, on the commencement of 1349, we find six in the month of April ; the same num- ber in May ; seventeen in June ; and twenty-two in the month of July. The plague seems then, to have reached its acme : For, in the month of August, only twelve are recorded ; and, afterwards, fewer, to the end of the year. So that, about the end of March, or the beginning of April, this dreadful visitation was at its height, in this Diocese. And it appears to have begun, encreased, and died away, with the year. We find, from the Bishop's Register, that Archdeacon Offord, the Sub-Prior, two succes- sive Chamberlains, and the Sacrist of the Church, were victims to this plague ; besides which, fifteen Monks, and six servants of the Monastery — four Chaplains of the Chantry on the Green — and seven brethren, out of thirteen, in the Hospital of St. John the Baptist, in Ely, died of it also. The number of Monks, in the Sacrist's accounts, A. D. 1349, including the Prior, were 53 ; the year following, they were only 28 ; and the Pope issued a dispensation for making 21 persons clerks in this Diocese, who had not attained the age of twenty-one. This plague was universal : And, Speed says, '* it rained from Midsummer to Christmas ; and so terrible a plague ran through the world, that the earth was filled with graves, and the ayre with cryes ; which was seconded with murren of cattle, and dearth of all things. The plague began among the Turkes, and pierced, by degrees, into France ; where it mowed downe many thousands. In London, it had so quicke and sharpe an edge, that, in one year's space, there were buried, in one Church-yard ( Charter-house ), above fifty thousand !" It was called the black death. 7000 inhabitants at Yarmouth, and 50,000 at Norwich, were swept away by it.' Before this time, we are told, a Curate might be hired for four or five marks a year ; or for two marks and his board ; but, after it, you could not find a Clergyman who would accept of a Vicarage of twenty marks, or twenty pounds a-year * In short, in less than two years, nine-tenths of the people of England, were destroyed by this dreadful disease, w ith the greatest part of the cattle. " Reginald Brian." P. 162, I. 10 from the bottom."] — At the time of his translation to this See, his brother, Sir Guy Brian, was Ambassador at the Court of Rome, and the King sus- pected that, instead of attending to the business of his embassy, he had employed his time and interest in procuring the Bishopric of Ely for his brother. This suspicion was however removed by a bull which the Pope sent to the King purposely to exculpate the Ambassador. 1 Bishop Reginald was honoured with the friendship and personal regard of Edward the Black Prince, and was one of the persons to whom he dispatched the first account of the famous battle of Poictiers, in a pious modest letter, written in French, dated at Bourdeaux, October 20th, 1376, and addressed to Bishop Brian, at Alvechurch, where he died of the plague in 1361. The original letter is in the archives of the Dean and Chapter at Worcester.* ec To elect John Bockingham." P. 162, I. 7 from the bottom.']— -Pope Boniface, having a dislike to this Prelate, removed him from Lincoln to Lichfield, in 1397, a See of very in- ferior value, upon which he retired to the Monastery at Canterbury, where he died.' " Simo?i 1 Joshua Barnes'* Life of Edward III. 1 Hen. Knyghton, col. 2600. 1 Rymer's Fcedera, vol. 6, p. 347. * Green's Worcester, vol. i. p. 192. 5 Somners' Cant. p. 180. NOTES. (bishops.) 89 " Simon Langham." P. 162, I. 5 from the bottom."] — By his name, and a passage in his will, it seems that this Prelate was a native of Langham, in Rutlandshire. He first appears as a Monk of Westminster, in 1335 ; as proxy for his Abbot, at Northampton, in 1346 ; was elected Prior of his Monastery, April, 1349 ; and Abbot of the same, the month following. His elevation to the Treasurership and the Seals, is ascribed to his superior talents. Through his interest, his successors in the See of Ely, were freed from the seizure of their stock and implements in husbandry, by the officers of Government, upon a vacancy ; and, while he filled that chair, he rectified many abuses, and controuled the behaviour of the Clergy, which produced the following Monkish Couplet : Exultent Coeli ; quia Simon transit ab Ely, Ad cujus adventum flent in Kent millia centum. 1 By a strict inquiry, he discovered, that some of the Clergy possessed upwards of 20 benefices, with cure of souls. His eminent abilities, and ready compliance with the Pope's command, in making that investigation, it is said, was the cause of his advancement to a seat in the sacred College. And, when, in consequence of that elevation, Edward III. deprived him of the Primacy, Urban V. and Gregory II. made him Dean of Lincoln, Archdeacon and Trea- surer of Wells, Archdeacon of York, with a Stall in that Cathedral ; and, in 1372, he was nominated Cardinal Bishop of Preneste. He died of the palsy, as he sat at dinner. The payment of 2000 marks, a debt contracted by his predecessors, his return of the usual gifts from the Monks of Westminster, and his benefactions to that Abbey, &c. are estimated at £10,800. He gave, to the cliurch of St. Cross, at Ely, all the vestments and ornaments used at the consecration of it ; and, among other things, two green copes, richly embroidered with gold. 1 His removal of Wickliffe from the mastership of Baliol College, in favour of a Monk, of Christ Church, Canterbury, was certainly' unjustifiable ; but, we may pronounce him to have been, a person of great capacity, superior wisdom and elegance, generous, humane, and grateful to the place of his education. z " Appointed Lord Chancellor." P. 163, I. 4.] — It is recorded in Rymer's Fcedera, that the day after he was appointed Chancellor, " sigillum secum deferens apud Westmonasterium, in sede Marmorea ubi Cancellarii sedere assueti sunt, sedens, &c." This passage will, in some degree, explain a circumstance in " Smith's History of Westminster," p. 258 : When Mr. Groves, clerk of the works of the Old Palace, Westminster, endeavoured to find the above marble chair, it is supposed, that the search was made too close to the south wall, and that he was disappointed ; but had the examination been made at the distance of 15 feet from the wall, it is probable the chair would have been discovered, together with the marble stone, of 19 feet in length, and 3 feet in breadth, where the Kings of England formerly sate at Corona- tion dinners, and the Lord Chancellors at other solemn times ; but which are now built over by the Courts of King's Bench and Chancery. " In the Abbey Church at Westminster." P. 163, I. 10.] — His monument is a handsome Altar tomb, of white marble : Upon it are his effigies in the Episcopal habit, his hands elevated, a Crosier supported between them ; his gloves are adorned on the back with jewels, and * As there is no mention, among the donations, either before or after this time, of a Green Cope to this Church, may we not suppose, that, which still remains in the Vestry, is one of the above ? 1 Flete, Biblioth Cotton, Cleopatra A. Antiquitat • Briian : Ang. Sacra, fVWcins's Concil, Sfc. N 90 NOTES. (history, &c.) and rings on the first, middle, and third fingers, of the left hand ; his robe is richly orna- mented with a double fringe ; his mitre is enriched with jewels ; his head lies on a cushion, supported by Angels ; and two dogs collared, lie at his feet. On the sides of the tomb, in starred quatrefoils, are the arms of Edward the Confessor, Ely, Canterbury, and Westminster • at the head and feet, are the arms of England and France. The figure has a smooth full face, the hair cropt in front. The monument is in good preservation ; but the wooden ca- nopy over it, was destroyed at the coronation of George I. The tomb is faithfully represented by Dart ; according to whom, the following inscription, in brass, was round the ledge of the tomb, now gone : — Hie jacet Dominus Simon de Langham, quondam Abbas hujus loci, thesaurarius Angliae, electus London, ep. Eliensis, cancellar. Angliae. archiep. Cantuar. presbyter cardinalis and postea Cardinalis ep. Praenestin. 1 " John Barnet." P. 163, I. 12.] — He was Chaplain to Bishop L'Isle, who gave him the Rectory of Dereham, in Norfolk, in 1351. He was summoned to Parliament, as Archdeacon of London, in 1363. During the time he was Bishop of Bath and Wells, in 1365, he gave to St. Paul's, in London, a water mill, 98 acres of land, and 40 shillings, annually, in money, upon this condition : that a hymn should be sung, and two prayers made, one to the Virgin, and the other for the dead, every day, before the image of the blessed Virgin/ " Henry de Wakefield." P. 164, /. 17.] — Archdeacon of Canterbury, in 1375,' he was elected Bishop of Worcester, by Pope Gregory XI. ; he greatly improved Worcester Cathe- dral ; in 1377, was Lord High Treasurer of England ; died at Blockley, March 11, 1394-5, and lies buried in Worcester Cathedral. 4 " Son of Richard." P. 164, I 21.] — The Author of " Biographia Britannica" says, he was the son of Robert Fitz- Allan, the brother of Richard, who was beheaded. 5 And Drake tells us, " it is supposed, from some circumstance in his arms, that he was a natural son of the family." 6 He is the only instance of so young a Prelate in all the English history; a circumstance which Bishop Godwin has sarcastically noticed. 7 But he was entirely indebted to the assumed authority of the Pope for his promotion to the Sees of Ely, York, and Can- terbury. For the King intended that his Confessor, John Woodroof should have succeeded Bishop Barnet ; and the Monks, in opposition to his wishes, elected Henry Wakefield. — The Pope, however, by his apostolical authority, superseded both, and appointed Bishop Arundel to fill the See. 8 He is the first instance of an Archbishop of York being translated to the See of Canterbury. 9 In 1398, he was impeached and banished for compelling the King to grant a commission to govern the kingdom. And Pope Boniface IX. not being able to procure his pardon of King Richard II. nominated him, in revenge, to the Arch- bishopric of St. Andrew's, and declared his intention to bestow several other preferments upon him in England. But the King wrote to his Holiness f - If you have a mind to provide for him otherwise, we have no objection, only we cannot allow him to dip in our dish." 10 It ■ Dart's Westminster, vol. 1, p. 97. 1 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 539 and 565. 3 Battel/ s Appendix, part iv. p. 156. * Green's Worcester, vol. 1, p. 193. 5 Vol. 1, p. 207. 6 Hist. York, p. 436. 7 " Annosum quemque virum facile credas gravissimum, cum jam (0 capularem senem), atatis annum explevisit—fere vicessimum secundum." — Praesul. Angl. inter Episc. Eliens. Anno 1375. 8 Ibid. 9 Biog. Brit. 10 Ibid. NOTES. (bishops.) 91 It has been remarked by a late Historian, that it was a little extraordinary, that Bishop Arundel should declare, in the preface to his Canons, in 1408, that the Pope was Vicegerent of Heaven, at a time when two existing Popes were consigning each other to Satan, and were both declared, by the Council of Pisa, to be contumacious Heretics. 1 His death, we are told, was dreadful ; for he was literally starved to death, by a swelling of his tongue. 1 Our Ely Historian has fixed the time of that event upon February 19th, 1414, but other writers, upon the same day, in 1413, at Hackyington, now St. Stephen's, near Canterbury. 1 The legacies bequeathed in his will, amounted to £6008, 12s. 1\d. being the whole of his goods. 4 Besides what he expended upon the houses and palaces belong- ing to the See of Ely, he gave to the Cathedral a magnificent table of gold, enriched with diamonds, inclosing various relics, formerly belonging to the King of Spain, and afterwards to Edward III. of whom he purchased it. s But after all that can be said in favour of his abilities and munificence, the share that he had in dethroning King Richard ; his "sweetly and modestly" 6 delivering over Lord Cob' ham, to the civil power, to be burnt alive ; and his bigotry, persecution, and cruelty, in general, towards those whom he esteemed heretics, are traits in this Primate's character, which a Christian may silently deplore and forgive, but the mild doctrines of his reli- gion will never permit him to defend them. rc Who had been Dean of Wells." P. 166, /. 13 from the bottom.~\ — Bishop Fordham held that Deanery, till he was translated to Durham, although he had obtained permission, from Rome, to sell it to Robert Shelton. 7 The Archbishops of Canterbury and York were both present at his profession of obedience to the See of Rome, in the Church of Barnwell. 9 He bequeathed to the Church of Ely, for the use of the high altar, two massy silver basons, richly gilt, to be used by the officiating Priest on the principal festivals only. He also left fifty pounds to his Chapel. 9 The place of his interment, in the Lady Chapel, is at the west end, nearly in the middle of it. 10 It is not improbable, that the disputes betwixt this Bishop, the Prior, and Convent, at this time, respecting ecclesiastical jurisdiction, were fomented by party rage, which, we are informed, was so violent, that an Act passed in 1403, declaring it felony to pull out eyes and cut out tongues, similar to the " Coventry Act."" " Philip Morgan." P. 168, /. 3.] — This Prelate was a native of St. David's, in Pembroke* shire. He was not enthroned till two years after he had been in possession of the See." — He was one of the Privy Council during the minority of King Henry VI. and informed the Earl of Richmond of King Richard the Second's intention to apprehend him, which enabled the Earl to escape, with the other exiles, into France. Weever has by mistake said, that this Bishop died in 1434. William Grey, Bishop of Lincoln, Ralph Lord Cromwell, Lord High Treasurer of England, and John Lord Tiptoft, were executors to his will, and con- verted all his property to their own use, neither paying sixty pounds which he owed for books, organs, &c. to the Church, or a further sum which he was indebted to the Chapel." Mr. * Henry. * Biog. Brit. 3 Ibid. 4 Battely. * Ang. Sac. 6 The words of the Record in Rymer. There is a portrait of Bishop Arundel, engraved for the History of Lambeth Palace, by Herbert, taken from the picture in the Pens- hurst Collection, which is said to be the only authentic likeness of him. 7 Ang. Sac. 8 Fordham' s Regist. 9 Ang. Sac. *° Ibid. " Barrington. 11 Anglia Sacra. " Ibid. vol. 1, p. 667. N2 92 NOTES. (HISTORY, &c.) Mr. Bentham, in his " Notitia," has observed, that, during the time of Bishop Morgan, Rose Milleward, of Hatfield Bishops, in the county of Hertford and in the liberty of the Bishops of Ely, was tried before the King's Justices for the murder of her husband, by stabbing him with a knife called a Th'wetill ; and, being found guilty, she was burnt the same day, by John Santon, the Bishop of Ely's Bailiff for the said liberty. 1 To which we will add the following curious particulars : — John Lydgate, the Monk of Bury, nourished about this period, of whom Mr. Warton observes, " No poet seems to have possessed a greater versatility of talents." His " London Lickpenny," is a faithful picture of the Metro- polis in the 15th century. 1 In 1434, corn was sold as high as £2, 13s. 4d. (modern money), per quarter, but soon fell to its medium price, 10s. 6d. Wine was then two modern shillings a gallon. The same year, 2433 licences were granted, by the King, for Pilgrims to visit the Shrine of St. James of Compostella. 1 "Archbishop of Rouen's Procurators." P. 171, /. 8.] — The Archbishop sent William Erard, Professor of Sacred Theology, and Chaplain in the Cathedral at Rouen, to receive the Bishopric of Ely, with the temporalties belonging to it, from the King, in his name. 4 "Archbishop Chichely." P. 171, 10.] — This munificent patron of learning founded and endowed the Collegiate Church, and an Hospital, at Higham Ferrars, where he was born. He was a most liberal benefactor to the Church of Canterbury, and to the University of Oxford, where he founded St. Bernard's hostle, since converted into St. John's College. — He built and endowed All Souls' College, and by his own contributions, and obtaining others, greatly promoted the finishing of the Divinity Schools. He enforced the ordinance that no ecclesiastical benefices should be conferred upon those who were not graduated in one of the Universities. Although his vigorous opposition to the See of Rome, especially his moving for the annulling papal exemption, drew upon him the vengeance of Pope Mar- tin the Fifth, and obliged him to submit to that Pontiff", he complained loudly in a synod, which he held afterwards, in 1483, of the injury offered him by Eugenius, who had, on his sole authority, given the Bishopric of Ely, in commendam, to Bishop Luxemburgh, and he earnestly recommended a stop to be put to such proceedings as had never been attempted by any Pope before. This illustrious character died April 12, 1483, having sat upwards of twenty-nine years. 5 "A handsome altar tomb." P. 172, I. 15 from the bottom.^ — This tomb, which stands under a canopy of three arches, is embattled, and adorned with five plain quatrefoils and blank shields. Mr. Bentham's print has a Cardinal's hat upon the figure ; this, Mr. Cole affirms, is only a mitre, as appears by the labels of it, carved on the cushion upon which the head rested. The mitre, he says, has been broken off. The monument being now con- cealed by the new wainscot, the dispute, in all probability, will never be decided. Mr. Cole also adds, " there is no instance of a hat on English monuments." Mr. Gough has pointed out this monument as " the only instance of a Cardinal's figure and habit among us. Archbishops * The Church at Hatfield is dedicated to St. Etheldredu. % He died about 1483. This curious poem is given in the Ap- pendix to Andrew's Hist, of Great Britain, vol. 1, part 2. 3 Hymer's Fcedera. 4 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 669. 5 Biog. Brit. NOTES. (bishops.) 93 Archbishops Langham and Courtney, and Bishop Beaufort, the only Prelates raised to that dignity* who have monuments with figures upon them* are content to wear their mitres." 1 We should suppose that both these Gentlemen had neither seen or heard of the monument of Cardinal Beaufort, in Winchester Cathedral, had not Mr. Gough afterwards described it,* and told us that, " the figure of that Prelate is habited in a Cardinal's robe, and on his head is a Cardinal's hat." J " Related in blood to the noblest families in the kingdom." P. 173, I. 9.] — It has been ob- served, " that England never saw such a concurrence of Noble Prelates, who were little less than Peers by descent," as were " contemporaries with Bishop Bourchier, from his first con- secration to the day of his death ;" which the same writer calls " a good buttress of Epis- copacy in that age, able, in Parliament, to check and crush any anti-prelatical project by their own relations." 4 John Stafford, son to the Earl of Stafford, Archbishop of Canterbury ; Robert Fitz-Hugh, Bishop of London ; Henry Beaufort, son to John, Duke of Lancaster, Bishop of Winches- ter ; William Gray, son to Lord Gray, of Codnor, Bishop of Ely ; Marmaduke Lumley, descended from Lord Lumley, Bishop of Lincoln ; Richard Beauchamp, brother to Lord St. Amand, Bishop of Sarum ; Lionel Woodvile, son to the Earl of Rivers, Bishop of Sarum ; Peter Courtney, descended from the Earls of Devon, Bishop of Exeter; Richard Courtney, of the same family, Bishop of Norwich ; John Zouch, descended from Lord Zouch, Bishop of Llandaff ; George Neville, brother to the Earl of Warwick, Archbishop of York; Wil- liam Dudley, son to Lord Dudley, Bishop of Durham ; William Piercy, son to the Earl of Northumberland, Bishop of Carlisle. 5 " His first access thither icas not very agreeable to them." P. 174, I. 6.] — It does not appear, according to the vulgar adage, that much love was lost between Bishop Bourchier and the Monks of Ely, for in a commission granted by him to his Commissary General, to attempt some reformation among the Clergy, the Bishop says, that many of them, both seculars and regulars, were ignorant illiterate blockheads, or rather idiots, and that they were as profligate as they were ignorant, neglecting their cures, strolling about the country, with bad women in their company, spending the revenues of their benefices in feasting and drinking, in fornication and adultery." 6 The charges of profligacy and ignorance above stated, seem too well grounded, by the account of Dr. Thomas Gascoigne, the Chancellor of Oxford, in 1443, who informs us that " an illiterate idiot, the son of a mad knight, was made Archdeacon of Oxford, before he was eighteen years old, and got, soon after, two rich rectories and twelve prebends. Being asked what he thought of learning, he answered " I despise it, I have better livings than you great Doctors, and believe as much as any of you. I believe that there are three Gods in one person— I believe all that God believes." "Elected Archbishop of Canterbury." P. 174, I. 10 from the bottom.^— Pope Nicholas V. issued a Bull for his confirmation, which was publicly read in the Cathedral at Canterbury, September » Sepul. Monuments, vol. 1, p. 152. 1 Ibid. vol. 4, p. 147. 3 See a print of this Monument and Figure, " Vetusta" vol. 2, pi. xlv. 4 Fuller's Worthies, p. 324. 5 Ibid. 6 llitkins's Concilia, p. 578. 94 NOTES. (HISTORY, &c.) September 11th, 1454.' In 1460, he was appointed by Humphrey, Earl of Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, to be one of his executors, where he calls him " my brother of Canter- bury." % "He resigned the seals." P. 175, I. 5.] — Historians differ very much, respecting- the time when Archbishop Bourchier or Bourgchier resigned the seals. Mr. Gough says, in 1455 5 Rymer, October 11, 1456. 4 Sir William Dugdale tells us that, the Bishop's successor was confirmed in the office of Chancellor, the same day, and month, but in the year 1457 ; s and Batteley says, the broad seal was resigned into the King's hands in 1459. 6 They are equally at variance respecting the time of his being created a Cardinal. Mr. Gough and the Ely Historian, on the authority of Godwin, have fixed that event upon September 18th, 1464. — Batteley, in 1465 ; and the Author of the " Biographia Britannica," upon 1455. Weever has inexcusably misrepresented this Prelate's munificence, by saying that " he left nothing to continue his memory, but an old rotten chest, with 120Z. in it, to the Congrega- tion-House, at Cambridge." 7 For, besides what Mr. Bentham % has recorded, and the building of Knowle House, where he died, several valuable legacies, will be found, upon reference to his will, in the Appendix to Somner's History of Canterbury. He is represented as learned, and a Prelate of great merit; 9 but we are told also, that the Protector (afterwards/2/cAanZIII.) in 1483, made him his tool, to get the Duke of York out of the Sanctuary at Westminster, which he opposed, as long as he was able. 10 We are certainly indebted to him, in a great degree, for the introduction of Printing into this kingdom ; for it was in consequence of his advice, that Henry VI. induced Corsellis to come from Haerlem into England, with a complete printing apparatus, whom the Archbishop placed at Oxford, strictly guarded, till the system was perfectly understood." His monument is engraved correctly for Mr. Gough's valuable Col- lection of Sepulchral Remains. It was built during the Archbishop's life-time, and a copy of the grant for the place of his interment, is in the Appendix to Somner, dated April 16th, 1480. "Dr. John Hough." P. 175, notes, I. 2 from the bottom.^ — This pious and exemplary Prelate was the son of Mr. John Hough, a citizen of London, who was a collateral branch of the family of the Houghs, of Leighton, in Cheshire. He was born April 12th, 1651 ; educated at Birmingham, and entered at St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford, 1669, of which he was soon elected Fellow. In 1678, the Duke of Ormond made him his Chaplain. In 1685, he was made a Prebendary of Worcester, and presented to the Rectory of Tempsford, in Bedfordshire. In 1687, he was elected and installed President of Magdalen College, and in 1690, advanced to the See of Oxford ; translated to Lichfield and Coventry, in 1692, and from thence to the See of Worcester, in 1717. The reader will find a full account of the firm but temperate behaviour of this eminent Divine before the Commissioners for Ecclesias- tical Affairs, appointed by James II. in his very interesting Life, published in 1812, by John Eardley Wilmot, F. R. S. and S. A. of Tottenham, Esq. which also contains many of the Bishop's * Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 122. * Battely's Appendix, part ii. p. 77. 1 Sepulchral Monuments, vol. 5, p. 301. * Fader a, vol. xi. p. 383. 5 Bentham, vol. 1, p. 175. 6 Cant. Sac. part ii. p. 77. 7 P. 3, edit. 1767. 8 Vol. 1, p. 175. Rapin, vol. 5, p. 347. 10 Ibid. vol. 6, p. 171, 172. " Biog. Brit. NOTES. (bishops.) 95 Bishop's letters and biographical notices, with portraits of hiin at the age of 39 and 91 ; also his fine monument, by Roubiliac, admirably drawn and engraved, &c. '* William Gray." P. 176, I. 6.]— The following recommendation to Pope Nicholas V. in favour of Bishops Bourgchicr, Gray, and Nevill, will show in what high estimation the abilities and consequence of those Prelates were held by the subscribing personages, and the full compliance of the Pontiff with their wishes, is a further proof of their merits. The original is in the Cotton Library' : — ■ The xxx day of Marche, in the yere, &c. xxxii d . at Westminster, in the counsail cham- bre, tyme of parlement, it was advised and ordained at the desire and request of the Lordes of the Lande, that the Right Reverend Fadre in God the Byshop of Ely (Bourchier) for his greet merits, virtues, and greet bloode that he is of, shold be recomised to our holy Fadre the Pope, for to be promoted to the archiebishopriche and chirche of Canterbury, nowe beying voide by the deth of the most Reverend Fadre in God John Kempe, late Car- dinal, and Archiebishop of the said see; it was also the furst day of this moneth Aprill in the place abovesaid, graunted and ordeined, that maistre William Gray shold in semblable wise be recomised to the bishopriche and chirche of Ely, and to be promoted thereto at suche tyme as it shall voide by the translacion of the Right Reverend Fadre abovesaid. It was also advised and assented, considered the bloode, vertue, and cunnyng, that maistre George Neville, sonne to the Erie of Salesbury, Chaunceller of Englond is of, that he should be recomised to the said holy Fadre, for to be promoted to the next bishopriche that shall voide within this reaume ;* the promocions abovesaid of Canterbury, furst sped and doon. And the hereupon lettres undre the Kyng's prive seel to be ordeined and sped. Anno mensibus, diebus et loco suprascript'. advisatum fuit ut custos privati sigilli, l'ras fieri fac' sub eodem sigillo, sc'dum effectum suprascriptum Dnis se subscribendum ut patet. W. Ebor, T. London, W. Winton, R. Dunelmens, J. Wygorn, W. Norwycen, J. Lincoln, J Hereforden, R. York, H. Buckingham, R Warrewyk, J. Worcestre,* Devon, R. Salisbury, Beaumonte, Bourgchier, W. Fauconberge, Scales, J. Duddely, W. Fenys, Ebergavenny ; Thomas, Abbas Gloucester; Ricardus, Abbas de Bello ; Johannes, Abbas de Selby. Prior of Saint John's. " In 1471, 1472, $c." P. 177, I. 6 from the bottom.^ — In Bishop Gray's Register, 4 is in- serted, an original letter (of which the following is a copy), from the Abbot of Welbeck, to which Abbey Bishop Hotham was so considerable a benefactor, that his successors were accounted founders or patrons of it. At the bottom of the letter is written ** 14. die Marcii A°. 1472, apud London rec:" " Ryght Honorabull and our Ryght speciall gude Lord and Founder, Your Humble Oratours Thabbot and Convent off your pore Monastery off Welbek recomends huss to your gude Lordshipp, Dayly praying God For the prosperite and welefare off you and yours, Besekyng your said Lordshipp as ye have offtymes here a fore shewed huss your myghty Supportation, so to contynew. Please it yo r . sayde Lordshipp to knaw that Syr Herry 1 Titus E. V. 32 Henry VI. 1454. * He was soon after appointed to the See of Exeter, and in 14G4 advanced to York. 3 Bp. Carj enter. * Fol. 133, b. 96 NOTES. (history, &c.) Henry Perpount awes gude Luff and Favo r . to our pore place for your sake, and that we traist shall contynew. Like it your Lordshipp to thank hym in that we were myche bon to yow. And iff it plese yo r . offtsaid Lordship our Hede and Founder to whome we seke in all our neds to speke and desyre Therle of Shrewsbury to be gude Lord to our pore Monastery of your Foundation it wer to huss a grete socour agayns our Enimyes as knawes God, who have yow ever in his blestfull governaunce. Writyn at Welbek the day off Febr: " Yo r . Cotidian Bedemen " Th abbot and Convent of Welbek." 1 " Dr. Walter Lempster." P. 178, I. 10.] — This Physician was buried in St. Jnthonie's, called St. Anttin's, in Loudon, as appears by the following Inscription : — " Under this black marbl ston, lyth the body of Master Walter Lempster, Doctor of Phisick, and also Phisition to the high and mighty Prince Hen. the 7 ; whych Master Lempster gayve vnto thys Chyrch too Cheynes of fyne gold, weying 14 ounces and a quarter, for to make a certeyn ornament to put on the blessyd body of owr Sauiour Jesu. He died the 9 of March, 1487. Whos soul God Pardon." 2 In 1446, 200 modern pounds were allowed, annually, to a Physician styled " Majister in Medicines to the King and Queen," for his services. 5 From the middle of the 11th to the 13th century, the Clergy, being the depositories of learning, were the only practitioners in Physic ; but John Salisbury, who had frequent occa- sion to consult them, speaks very contemptuously of their skill, and tells us that two maxims they never violated — " Not to regard the poor, and always to take money of the rich." — Nor was the science much improved at the commencement of the 14th century, although the practice had changed hands, if we may judge from John de Gaddesden's " Medical Rose," which is a compendium of the whole practice of Physic then used in England. He informs us, that he cured the son of Edward II. of the small-pox, by wrapping him up in scarlet cloth, and hanging scarlet curtains round his bed. For the epilepsy, he orders the patient to hear mass, during the fast, " quatuor temporum," and, afterwards, to wear a verse of the day's gospel, written on a scroll, by the Priest, around his neck. Yet the same person tells us how to make salt water fresh, by distillation. 4 Towards the close of the 15th century, Physic was regularly studied at the Universities. Its progress, notwithstanding, was very slow, and Surgery was little valued, Alchymy eclipsed both those sciences, and its profes- sors, being considered as sorcerers, protections were frequently granted them against the fury of the people. 5 "At his death he bequeathed." P. 178, /. 8 from the bottom.^ — On the day of his burial he ordered a rich red velvet cope, valued at £26, to be given to the wardrobe of the Church, together with a large silver cross and crosier. He also ornamented the head of Sexburga with gold and silver, to the value of eighty pounds, and gave a silver Osculatorium to the Chapel of the Virgin. 6 This last article, it may be proper to observe, was a small figure of Christ, of wood or metal, tendered to all who attended Divine service, to kiss, instead 1 This Abbey was removed from Newhouse, in Lincolnshire, in 1153. It was dedicated to St. James, made chief of the Order of Pramonstratentians, in England, 1512, and granted to Richard Whalley, 1539. In Dugdule it is valued at o£'249, 6s. 3d. and in Speed, £298, is. Sd.—Nasmiih's Tanner. * fVeever, edit. 1767, p. 190. 1 Rymcr's Fcedera. 4 Friend— Aikiru 5 Rimer's Fgedera. 6 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 673. NOTES. (bishops.) 97 instead of the ancient custom of saluting each other, with the kiss of peace ; it was there- fore also called the Pax ; and it is a curious fact, and a proof of the hatred between them, that Henry II. and Thomas Becket, refused to kiss the Pax at mass. Some say the Arch- bishop first refused/ others the King. 1 We lament, that the Register of this Prelate, so eminent for his humanity, should be stained with an act of religious persecution. But, it appears, by that record, that Robert Sparke, of Reche, John Cruel or Crowd, of Cambridge, and John Baile, of Chesterton, were brought before Bishop Gray, then sitting in his Chapel at Downham, May, 1457, and there accused of holding, and teaching, certain heretical opinions contrary to the Catholic faith, and, being convicted thereof, they did public penance in the market at Ely, the 4th of July following, standing in their shirts, with each a faggot on his shoulder, and a taper in his hand, while their abjurations were read ; after which they walked to the high altar, where, kneeling, and praying, they were scourged by the Dean, and offered up their candles to the image of St. Etheldreda. The same penance they performed in the market at Cambridge, and other places. " When most others deserted him." P. 179, /. 9 from the bottom."] — This was the more meri- torious in our Bishop, being at a time when the nobility were cruelly situated, "the cards be- ing so shuffled (as it has been dryly observed), that two kings were turned up trumps at once, which amazed them how to play their games. " l The distress of the Lancastrian party was inconceivable. Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter, begged his bread, barefooted, from door to door; and the Duke of Somerset was equally wretched. 4 " The pen of the historian recoils at the repeated task of numbering the slaughtered nobles." The Royal fugitive was taken prisoner by Sir James Haryngton, while dining at Waddington Hall, in Lancashire, and brought to town, with his legs tied to the stirrups. 5 " He passed the Seas in disguise." P. 180, /. 9.] — Richard III. published a proclamation, offering a reward of 1000 marks, in money, or 100 marks a year in land, for the apprehen- sion of Bishop Morton, and the same for the apprehension of the Bishop of Salisbury, Lionel Woodville, brother to Elizabeth, Queen of Edward the Fourth, and brother-in-law to the Duke of Buckingham. " 1487 he was appointed Lord High Chancellor." P. 181, I. L.] — This year, he summoned a Convocation at St. Pauls, to hear the complaints which were preferred against the Clergy, in consequence of the laxity of their principles, and the immorality of their conduct. It is re- markable, however, that the letters which the Bishop issued upon this occasion, mention no one particular vice, nor recommend the practice of a single virtue ; but strictly charged them "not to wear short liripoops of silk, nor gowns open before, nor swords, daggers, or embroi- dered girdles ; to be careful of their tonsures, and to keep their hair always so short, that every one might see their ears," &c. So little reformation did this produce in the conduct of the depraved part of the Clergy, that Pope Ferdinand 8th, fearful of the anger of the laity, sent a Bull, in 1490, commanding the Bishop to admonish the Abbots and Priors of all the Convents in his province, to reform themselves, and those under them. He accordingly issued ' 31. Paris. 1 Holinshed. 1 Fuller's Holy State. 4 Mem. de Comines. 5 Nugae Antique. O 9B NOTES. (HISTORY, &C.) issued mandatory letters to all the religious houses in his jurisdiction, and, if they were all guilty of the vices with which he upbraids the Abbot and Monks of St. Alban's, they must have been bad indeed." " Which happened," 8$c. P. 181, I. 4.] — Bishop Morton died of a quartan ague, at Knowle, in Kent. The historians, who were contemporary with him, or soon after his time, have re- presented this great man, according as they were attached to the interests of the houses of York and Lancaster. The authors, therefore, who have since written, taking their informa- tion from such sources, we find of very different opinions respecting this Prelate. One pro- nounces him to have been a stern, haughty man ; odious at Court, and more so in the country. 1 Another gives him all praise, and says, " he was a man so well deserving, both of the Church and Commonwealth, that all honours and offices were too little which were con- ferred upon him." J A third ascribes his motives, for opposing King Richard, to revenge, and adds, that " he died detested by t he people," who suspected he was guilty of the oppres- sions which proceeded from the King himself. 4 By the moderate, he is stiled eminent and wise, 5 an artful and able politician. 6 After a deliberate consideration of his history, an im- partial judge, however, will allow this Primate to have been learned, prudent, beneficent, and eloquent : the adviser and confidant of King Henry the Vllth, and the happy means of stopping the effusion of human blood with which the civil broils, between the houses of York and Lancaster, had deluged this country. " By his Will." P. 181, I. 17 ] — One of his heirs was his nephew, the pious, learned, beneficent, and persecuted Dr. Thomas Morton, successively Bishop of Chester, of Lichfield, and Coventry, and of Durham ; the detector of the Boy of Bilson. Stripped of his mitre, and all his substance, by the fanatics, he died in a state of poverty, in 1659, at the great age of 95 ; 44 years after his first consecration, and the 28th of his translation to the See of Durham. He was buried at Easton Mauduit. The account of this excellent Prelate, in the " Bia- graphia," is well worth the reader's perusal. " John Alcock." P. 181 .] — Wharton informs us that he was Rector of Caister (or Castor ), in Norfolk ; and that he resigned that living, July, 1473 ; but we find no mention of him as such' in Blomefield. Also that he was Rector of Wrensham, in the same county, a place of which that Historian takes no notice. The same writer says, that he founded the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, adjoining to the Church of that name, at Kingston upon Hull, and placed a perpetual chantry therein. 7 He also built a Chapel at Beverley, and a chantry for the souls of his parents. 8 The account of his installation, upon his appointment to the See of Worcester, from a MS. in Corpus Christi College, Oxford, is very curious. 9 The year he was translated to Ely, Bishop Alcock hallowed the font, 10 and christened Prince Arthur, the son of Henry the Seventh, at Winchester." His dissolution of the Nunnery of St. Radegund, was highly commendable, and fully justified by the conduct of its members, which was so notorious, that the society was styled " Meretricum Coeno- bium ;" ' Anglia Sacra. Wilkins's Concilia. 2 Lord Bacon. 3 Weever. 4 Rapin. s Biographia. 6 Carte. 7 Ang. Sac. 8 Osborne's Cat. Bib. Harl. 9 It is given, p. 34, Appendix to Green's History. 10 Platina and Sabellicus tell us, that Pius the 1st was the first Pope who ordained this ceremony. " Antiquarian Repertory. NOTES. (bishops.) 99 biurn;" 1 although the Bishop visited that house in 1487, upon the death of Johanna Cam- bridge, and appointed Johanna Fulborne Abbess, whom he styles an experienced person, of sound religion and integrity, of good life and conversation, and a true virgin. 1 Alexander Barklay, who was a contemporary of, and outlived, Bishop Aleock, has thus cele- brated the Bishop's praises in his " Eclogues :" — Yes, since his dayes, a cocke was in the fen ; I know his voyce among a thousand men : He taught, he preached, he mended every wrong ; But Coridon, alas, no good thing bideth long! He all was a Cock, he wakened us from slepe, And, while we slumbered, he did our foldes kepe. No cur, no foxes, nor butchers dogges wood, Could hurte our fouldes, his watching was so good. The hungry wolves, which that time did aboundc, What time he crowed, abashed at the sounde. This cocke was no more abashed of the foxe, Than is a lion abashed of an oxe. In another place, he pathetically laments the worthy Bishop's death, and says, The pratie palace made him in the fen, The maides, widowes, the wives, and the men, With deadly dolour were pearsed to the hearte, When death constreyned this shepherd to departe. Cornc, grasse, and fields, mourned for wo and payne For ofte his prayer for them obtained rayne. The pleasaunt floures for him faded eche one. The oakes, elmes ; every sort of dere, Shrunk under shadowes, abating all their chere. The mighty walles of Ely Monastery, The stones, rockes, and towres semblably, The marble pillours, and images eche one, Swete all for sorrowe, when this cocke was gone. Bale also tells us that he was learned and pious ; that no one, in England, had a greater reputation for sanctity, and that his life was spent in study, fasting, and abstinence. — His sermons were remarkable for their length : one preached by him, before the University, con- tinued nearly three hours, to which he himself bears the following testimony, as it is recorded in Wren's MS. Collections ("registr: parv: consistorii Eliensis," called the Black Book.) "J. Aleock, divina gratia, episcopus Eliensis, prima die dominica, 1488, bonum et blandum Ser- monem praedicavit, in aecclesia B. Maria; Cantabrig : qui incepit in hora prima post meridian : et duravit in horam tertiam et ultra." The following particulars of our Bishop are taken from Mr. Bentham's ' Notitia Ecclesiae Eliensis' : — " Goinge forthe on a tyme into his parke, and seinge there a greate mayny of bulloks, he asked whose they were. His steward answered, that they were his, being bought for the findinge of his house. Then he comaundyd that they should all be browght together into one place, nere unto the pallase, and, calling his servaunts together, he distributed all those bulloks amongst them, according as every one had most nede, gyvinge his steward charge to buy fleshe, breade, and beere, to sarve his howse, of his fermars, payinge for it as moche as it was worthe, and as they mought aforde it." J « Durante ' Bale de Script. Britan. * Regist. Aleock. 3 Catalogue, MSS. Bib. Harl. No. 539, in 4to. fol. 107, bi 02 100 NOTES. (history, &c.) "Durante hoc Parliamento quod trium cancellariorum varietati subnixum est; n urn in principio erat Robertus Bathoniensis qui nihil nisi per discipulum suum Johannem Alkok Wigomiensem Epm : fuerat ; secundo Lawrentins Dunolmensis qui seipsum taedio inextrica- bilis operis fatigavit ; tertio Thomas Lincolniensis qui rem omnem ad finem usque deduxit."' " 1483." P. 182, I. 18.]— When Henry the Seventh's army landed at Milford Haven, that dreadful disease, the sweating sickness, first appeared in this country ; with which the king- dom was visited again in 1485, 1506, 1517, 1528, and 1551. Its continuance was from six weeks to two months. It came always in the summer months, and fled before the approach of cold weather. The attack lasted only twenty-four hours ; those, who survived, felt no far- ther inconvenience. In 1517, it killed, in three hours, from its first seizure. Many of the nobility, and half the inhabitants of many towns, were swept away by it, In 1528, it gene- rally proved mortal in six hours ; killed many courtiers, and endangered the life of Henry VIII. In 1551, 960 persons died of it in Shrewsbury alone. It affected only the English • not even the Scots then in England ; and it followed the English, though resident abroad. 1 " 1586." P. 182, I. 22.]— This year is remarkable for the passing of the first statute, which, in any measure, took away what is called the benefit of clergy ; in consequence of, as the preamble sets forth, that, trusting to the privilege of the church, " many persons lettered, having been more bold to commit murthers, rapes, robberies, &c." J " 1492." P. 182, I. 10 from the bottom.'] — Wynkyn de Worde published " Kalendrier des Bergers," a kind of perpetual Almanack, consisting of receipts, proverbs, &c. and compre- hending astronomy, politics, divinity, and other sciences, in a medley of verse and prose, with wooden cuts, boldly touched. 4 " In acts of hospitality and beneficence." P. 183, I. 6.] — Besides what Mr. Bentham has recorded, the Anglia Sacra mentions the donation of 100 marks, given towards the repairs of the Church of Ely, which Bishop Alcock received for manumising his bondman, Hunstan, The following indulgences occur in the Registers of Bishop Gray, and of this Prelate, (and similar ones, no doubt, would be found in that of Bishop Morton, if it could be produced) and are proofs of their attention, in particular, to the good state and future support of religious edifices, bridges, and roads, &c. In Bishop Gray's Register are the following indulgences, for 40 days each, granted to such as will contribute : — 1457. For repairing the tower of the Church of St. Mary and St. Radegund at Cambridge, (fol. 21, b.) — 1458. For repairing the roads and footpaths to Ston- teney, (fol. 35, a.) — 1459. For building and repairing the Chapel of the Virgin Mary, on the bridge, at Brandon ; for supporting the lights and ornaments of the same, and for repairing the said bridge, and the road to the same, (fol. 44, a.) — 4463. For benefactions to the Chapel of St, James of Hozvs, in the parish of Gyrton, (fol. 53, a.) — 1466. For rebuilding the Church of Evesdon Magna ; which, with the tower and bells, was destroyed by lightning, (fol. 61, a.) The ' Collectanea Ric. Jamesii, vol. 5, p. 177, MS. Bib. Bodlianae. 4 IVartvn. 1 Hillarj/'s Medical Journal. 3 Rymer's Foed. NOTES. (bishops.) 101 The following indulgences, of 40 days each, are in Bishop Alcock's Register. 1487. For repairing the bridge and chapel at Brandon Ferry, and the roads to the same. — 1487. For the relief of Demetrius Comusius, formerly treasurer to the Greek Emperor, who, with his wife and five sons, were taken prisoners, and sent into slavery by the Turks, (fol. 21.) — 1488. For repairing Kingston Church, in the Diocese, which had been destroyed by fire, and for re- building the tower, which was blown down, (fol. 27.) — 1488. For the reparation and support of the College of Goddy's Howse, in Cambridge, (fol. 37.) — 1491. For building and repair- ing of the Church at Evesdon Magna, (fol. 71.)— 1491. For the support of the house of St. Robert, near Knaresborough, (fol. 72.) Under the year 1493, mention is made of Robert Michyll and John Smith, before the Bishop jn the Hall of Gonville College, Cambridge, after declaring they were not married, taking the vow of chastity, and becoming hermits, after the rule of Paul, the first hermit, (fol. 94) and May 10, 1497, it is recorded, that Bishop Alcock settled an annuity of ten marks upon his physician, Robert Yaxley, who is stiled, " Medicinis preceptor," to be paid, during the Bishop's life, out of the rents and profits of the manor or lordship of Hat/ield. 1 " He was not only a considerable writer." P. 183, I. 10.] — Among the various publica- tions from his pen, which are recorded by Mr. Herbert and Mr. Dibdin, there is an address to the Clergy, assembled at Barnewell, with the following title : " Gallicantus Johannis Alcock epi : Eliensis, ad Confratres suos," &c. in which instance, he was evidently sporting with his own name. We also find " Johan Alcock, Bysliop of Ely. An exhortacyon made to relygyous systers in the time of theyr consecracyon by hym." ** I aske the banes betwyx the hyghe and moost myghty Prynce, Kyng of all Kynges, sone of Almyghty God, and the Virgyn Mary, in humanyte Chryste Jesu of Nazareth of the one partye, and A. B. of the thother partye, that yf ony man or woman can shewe any lawfull impedyment, other by any precontracte made on corrupcyon of body or soule of the sayd A. B. that she ought not to be marryed this daye unto the sayd mighty Prynce Jesu, that they wolde, accordyng unto the lawe, shew it " yng, John Bukton, John Hatfyld, Thomas Walsingham, Tho?nas Dullingham, Richard Madyngle, John Ely, sen. Ralph Derham, William Thorp, Edmund Tolyngton, Thomas Ramsey, Henry Lynne, Peter Ely, John Chelmysford, Simon Wycham, Thomas Elyngham, John Pulham, John Yaxham, Walter Wellyngton, William Thetford, John Ely, jun. Stephen Walsyngham, John Swafham, Henry Langham, John Islam, John Fyncham, John Bury, Edmund Walsyngham. By the above list, it appears, that the number of Canons at that time, including the Prior, was 40. It will also be seen, that the custom then prevailed, of calling persons after the names of places. Several of the above occur afterwards, in the history of this Church. William Powcher." P. 222.]— He built the Hall of the Monks Infirmary, in 1417. He ordered (among other things), that the Sacrist of Ely, should for ever enjoy Ecclesiastical authority, * With additional metal, in 1708. The sound of this old Bell of Westminster was heard at Windsor, before St. Paul's had a clock, and saved the life of a soldier, who, being accused of sleeping on his post, proved that he was not relieved at a proper time, and that he heard Westminster clock strike thirteen instead of twelve. — Antiquarian Repertory, edit. 1808, vol. 1, p. 12, vol. 2, p. 162. 1 The cost of this Bell, in 1814, was ,£478, 5«. 9d. 3 Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 64G. *Regist. Fordham, fol. 131, a. 120 NOTES. (history, &c) authority, within the Hospital of St John the Baptist, and in the Chapels of the Chauntries upon the Green, as Vicar to the Bishop ; also in the two parish Churches, within the city of Ely, formerly annexed to the office of Sacrist ; also in the manors out of the city, belonging to the Church, viz. Tyrbitsey, Brame, Stnnteney, Northney, Quaveney, and Shepey, in all causes whatever, heresies only excepted.' " William Wells." P. 223.] — Great dissentions were occasioned in the Monastery, by the Archbishop's Vicar-General, John Faber, who exercised unlimited authority throughout the Diocese. In 1443, during the absence of the Prior, and supported by part of the Monks, who were influenced by him, he removed John Yaxham, the Sub- Prior, from his office, and appointed one of his own favourites, Thomas Wellis, to supply his place, pretending, that he had a right to act as he pleased, and that he could displace any of the Monks, or even the Prior, if he thought proper, without consulting the Convent. The Prior hearing of this transaction, appealed to the Court of Arches, who prohibited the Vicar-General from exer- cising any such authority, and desired Yaxham, the ejected Sub-Prior, to resume his office j but as Wellis would not relinquish it, the Monastery was kept, for upwards of six months, in a state of disorder and confusion/ " Being struck with the palsy." P. 223, I. 10 from the bottom.^ — In a manuscript in the Harleian Collection, called Chronicon Ecclesia Eliensis," we find an entry, of which the following is a translation : A. D. 1477. On St. Valentine's Day, Henry Peterborough, Prior of the Church of Ely, began to be dumb, and was not able to speak intelligibly, nor could he be healed, but remained dumb, until the Feast of St. Lawrence, 1480, and then he died. " Roger Westminster." P. 223.] — At the election of Westminster, there were present, Edward Conysborow, Archbishop of Armagh, Richard Robinson, Archdeacon of Ely, and many others persons of note. After he was elected, he was conducted to the high altar, and having received the benediction, he was led to the Sacrist's Chamber, in the Infirmary. He was installed with great solemnity, on the feast of St. Ethelwold, and a great banquet was given to the nobility and gentry, who were present. On the Wednesday following, he was examined on different arguments of the fathers, in St. Mary's Chapel. His examination being ended, he was conducted to his seat in the Choir, where he received the submission of the Monks.' " Robert Colvile." P. 224 ] —The Sees of Canterbury and Ely, were both vacant at the time he was elected Prior. " William More." P. 224, I. 23.] — He was elected Prior of Worcester, in 151S, which he resigned in 1536, being elected Suffragan Bishop of Ely. He was consecrated at London, in the Monastery of the Friars Preachers, the 20th of October, in the same year. 4 " Bawdkyn." Inventory of the Plate, #c. I. 23.] — Bawdkyn, or cloth of Bawdkyn, was one of the richest and most precious species of stuffs that appeared in England, during the twelfth and " Anglia Sacra, vol. 1, p. 685. * Ibid. p. 671. J Ibid. p. 673. 4 Ibid. p. 550. NOTES. (deans.) m and thirteenth centuries : it is said to have been composed of silk, interwoven with threads of gold, in a most sumptuous manner; and, according to Dw Cange, derived its name from Buldack, the modern appellation for Babylon, where it is reported to have been first manu- factured.' " Taken away for the King's use." P. 225, /. 6.]— It appears, from John Williams's ac- count, who was master and treasurer of the King's jewels, and which account is signed by King Henry VIII. that he delivered, for the King's use, from the 23d day of May, 1540, to April 27th, 1541, 575 ounces of gold plate, 29,906/. 2s. ll^d. in money, 10,388 ounces of silver plate, all of which was derived from the surrender and visitation of religious houses and Cathedrals. 1 " Robert Steward, alias Welles." P. 227.] — Wliartort has accused this person of vanity, for assuming his family name, when he was appointed Dean ; and Stevens* has done the same. Mr. Bentham speaks of his tergiversation in religious matters, and no writer appears to have spoken in his behalf. As the family is extinct, and the apology cannot be ascribed to interested motives or flattery, the editor will offer a word or two in favour of the Dean, and in excuse of his vanity. If the pride of ancestry be allowable and commendable in any one, and if the genealogy of Dean Steward is to be depended upon, we believe very few can vie with him, or justly blame him on that score ; for an office copy of his pedigree/ giving an history of the family, the patents, and grants of their arms, with their marriages into the first families of Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, &c. shows, that he was descended, in a direct line, from Banquo, King of Scotland, in 1048. The first of them, who came into England, was Sir John Steward, who died in 1448, and was buried in the Church of All Saints Stayning, London. The ac- count is continued to the year 1576 ; and from thence the following eulogy is copied :— " Vir quidem is fuit rarissimae vitas, continuis etenim vigilliis et orationibus corpus contrivit et masceravit, mundanas prorsus divitias et honores sprevit. Sibi inops et avarus, pauperibus et egenis opulentus, et prodigus, beneficii accepti memor et gratus ; susceptarum hodie inimicitiarum, eras immemor. Denique, sibi similem haud facile reperies multis e millibus unum." " Andrew Perne, D. D." P. 228.] — The Doctor, with three others, heads of Colleges, supported a canopy over Queen Elizabeth, when she visited Cambridge, in 1564 ; and upon his preaching at St. Mary's Church, the following day, her Majesty was pleased to order him to put on his cap, in her presence, and at the conclusion of his sermon, the Lord Chamberlain was ordered to inform him, " that it was the first sermon that ever she had heard in Latin, and she thought she should never hear a better." 6 Dean Perne was Rector of Stathern, in Leicestershire. He gave 100/. towards the reparation of the east wall of his College. 7 His portrait is in the Combination Room, at Peter-house, inscribed with these lines : " Bibliotheca libri Redditus pulcherima dona " Perne, piura Musis te Philomuse probant." " Sequestered * Strutt's Ancient Dresses, vol. % p. 189. * Biblioth. Bodl. MS. e Musaeo57. 3 Ang. Sacra, vol. 1, p. 6SS. * In his continuation of Dugdale. 5 In the Editor's possession. 6 Peck's Desiderata, p. 265. 7 Blomefielcl, R 122 NOTES. (history, &c.) " Sequestered from his Church of St. Giles." P. 231, I. 12.]— This parish, at that time, contained 40,000 souls, among 1 whom were many puritans, who, taking offence at Dean Fuller's loyalty, accused him and his Curate, Timothy Hutton, to the Parliament, in 1641. The articles exhibited, charge them with introducing Popish innovations, with placing such to officiate therein as preferred the play-house and the tavern, before the performance of their duty in the Church, and with preventing John Sedgwick, Bachelor in Divinity, an orthodox minister of the Church of England, with about 400 parishioners, from entering the Church, for the continuance of a weekly lecture, begun by him according to an order of Parliament. The four churchwardens, two clerks, and two sextons, are stiled in the same petition " Enemies to the Reformation intended. 5 ' The petition contains ten articles, and agreeably to the arts then practised to inflame the public mind against the Established Church and its Ministers, they were printed in a half-sheet pamphlet, and industriously dispersed. From one of these firebrands, dated 1641," the above particulars are collected. Dr. Fuller was an excellent scholar, and a good linguists " Continued in his mastership." P. 233, I. 11.] — Dean Love was Master of Benef -college, when Wm. Dowsing visited it, to do away every thing that might be offensive to the scrupu- lous consciences of the fanatics of 1643. That man's report to his employers was as follows : e flgarct 0ecuntjo» 7 "Richard Bole, LL. B." P. 276.] — In Bishop Gray's Register 8 it is recorded, that John Fryng, of Cambridge, Gent. Clerk, was indicted in St. Mary's Church, at Ely, before Mr. Richard * We have instances, according to Mr. Gough, of the flat grave stones, with and without inscriptions, inlaid with brass and lead, about the beginning of the 13th century. Saxon or Gothic letters, or a mixture of both, occurs about the close of that century, and continues through the reigns of the three Edwards, at least. The figure of Bishop Luda, 1298, at Ely, is one of the earliest instances of monumental effigies engraved on brass. About the beginning of the 14th century, these portraits were so frequent, that, in 130S, a Canon of Hereford could afford a very handsome one ; they continued in use so late as 1702, and one appears, for Jeremiah Markland, in Dorking Church, dated 1776. The same able antiquary informs us, that we only know of three cross-legged figures of this kind, viz. at Trumpington, Gorleston, and Acton- Sir William Dugdale says, that abundance of these beautiful and costly portraitures were torn away and sold to copper-smiths and tinkers, till Queen Elizabeth issued an Approclamation, in 1560, to prevent such sacrilege, which not being attended to, she ordered her Justices of Assize, in 1572, to punish the offenders severely. Happily for the Arts, and for the illustrators of our topogra- phical histories, many of the finest specimens of these memorials have been faithfully delineated by Hollar : Mr. Cough's superb work abounds with them. In Mr. Carter's "Specimens of Sculpture and Painting," and Mr. Lyson's " Britannia," the reader will find many very interesting ones ; and Mr. Cotinan, of Great Yarmouth, besides the Architectural Antiquities of Norfolk, is now publishing the Sepulchral Brasses of that county. 1 Green's Worcester. 3 Willis's MS. Note, p. 642. 4 Green. 5 Battely's Supplement, Appendix, p. 54. 6 Battel/ s Appendix, Part 4, p. 156. 7 Sepulchral Monuments, v. 5, p. 365. 8 Fol. 187, b. NOTES. (ARCHDEACONS.) 135 Richard Bole, LL. B. Official, Edmund Conyngsburgh, D. D. John Bedford, and John Elwyn, B. D. for breaking 1 open the house of John Fysszvyk and William Dalton, Beadles of the University of Cambridge, and taking away a Bibyll value 53s. 4:d. — Unum Cratulam 26s. 8d. — another 40s. — and £10 of current money in a bag value 4d. The Jury consisted of ten Clergymen, five Literati, and two others. "Nicholas Hawkins, LL. D." P. 277.] — There is an error in the last edition of " God- win de Prcesulibus," in a note relating to this person, where it is said, he was not of the Foundation of King's College, but ex Famulitio, one of the Poor Scholars, as they are called, and afterwards made Fellow of Jesus College. No doubt, though the note refers us to Dr. Hawkins, it was designed for Bishop Goodrich ; but even this is called in question, and he issupposd, with more probability, never to have been of King's College, but to have originally entered a Pensioner in Corpus Christi College, soon after the year 1500. " Henry Cole, LL. D." P. 277.] — He was born at Godshill, in the Isle of Wight, and chosen into New College, Oxford, of which he became Perpetual Fellow, in 1523. 1 He took the degree of Bachelor of Civil Law, March 3, 1529-30. Although he was a zealous Catholic, he acknowledged the supremacy of Henry the Eighth. Upon taking his degree of Doctor, he resigned his Fellowship in 1540. He was Prebendary of Yatminster Secunda, in the Church of Salisbury, and, in 1541, he was collated to the Rectory of Snealing. In 1542, he was collated to the Prebend of Wenlakesburne? the same day he voided Sneating. 1 In 1554, the degree of Doctor in Divinity was conferred upon him, at Oxford. He was made Vicar- General, under Cardinal Pole, in 1557; in the October following, Official of the Arches, Dean of the Peculiars; in November the same year, Judge of the Court of Audience ; and in 1558, one of the Overseers of the Cardinal's will. He died in or near Wood-street Compter. Leland calls hiin " a person more earnest than wise." Archam, who was very intimate with him, highly commends his learning and humanity. " Robert Wisdom, B. D." P. 278. .] — Wharton, in his " History of English Poetry," vol 3, p. 170, says, that Robert Wisdom was nominated to an Irish Bishopric, by Edward the Sixth ; and that he assisted in translating the Psalms in the Version of Sternhold and Hopkins ; but that he is chiefly memorable for his metrical prayer, intended to be sung in the Church, against the Pope and the Turk, of whom he seems to have conceived the most alarming apprehensions. It is probable, that he thought Popery and Mahometanism were equally dangerous to Christianity, and the sole enemies of our religion. This is the first stanza : Preserve us, Lord, by thy dear word : From Pope and Turk, defend us, Lord ! Which both would thrust out of thy throne, Our Lord Jesus Christ, thy dear Son. Happily we have hitherto survived these two formidable evils ! Among other Orthodox wits, the facetious Bishop Corbet has ridiculed these lines. He supposes himself seized with a sudden impulse to hear or to pen a puritanical hymn, and invokes the Ghost of Robert Wisdom, as the most skilful poet in this mode of composition, to come and assist. But he advises • Biog. Brit. 1 Wood. Neivcourt. 3 Newcourt, 136 NOTES. (history, &C.) advises Wisdom to steal back again to his tomb, which was in Carfax Church, at Oxford, silent and unobserved, for fear of being detected by the Pope or the Turk. But I will produce Corbet's epigram, more especially as it contains a criticism written in the reign of Charles the First, on the style of this sort of poetry. To the Ghost of Robert Wisdom. Thou, once a body, now but ayre, Archbotcher of a psalm or prayer, From Carfax come ; And patch us up a zealous lay, With an old ever and for ay t Or all and some. Or such a spirit lend me, As may a hymne down sende me, To purge my braine ; But Robert, look behind thee, Lest Turk or Pope do find thee, And go to bed againe. " Richard Bentley, D. D." P. 280.] — If the reader wish to see the numerous and dis- tinguished appellations which the Commonwealth of Letters have bestowed upon this M great Light of Learning," or to peruse the account of his dispute with the Fellows of Trinity College, over which he presided, and with the literary characters of his day, whom his su- perior talents and learning triumphed over, he will find them at large in the " Biographia Britannica." ' It may be sufficient here to add the following particulars to the account which Mr. Bentham has given. The Doctor's father, some say, was a blacksmith, or a tanner ; others, that he was descended from an ancient and loyal family ; that his mother's name was Willis, and, that being left an orphan, his maternal grandfather put him to school, at Wake- field. Bishop Warburton, in one of his letters, observes, that good sense is the foundation of critiscism. This it is that has made Doctor Bentley and Bishop Hare the two greatest critics that ever were in the world."* This great man, in 1681, was chosen Master of the Grammar School, at Spalding, from which he was taken to be tutor to Bishop Stilling fleet's son. He was the first person who was appointed to preach Mr. Boyle's Lecture It was a saying of the Doctor's, who was a famous etymologist, that " he not only knew from whence words came, but whither they were going."' He married a daughter of Sir John Barnard, and left three children : Richard, the publisher of the first edition of Gray's Poems ; Elizabeth, married to Humphrey Ridge, Esq. and Phcebe, upon whom Dr. Byrom composed the pastoral ballad, " My time, O ye Muses, was happily spent," the wife of the Rev. Dennison Cumberland, and the mother of Richard Cumberland, Esq. the writer. (t The various modes of building." P. 282, I. 11.] — The Priory Church of Dunstable may challenge all the ecclesiastical structures in this, or any other, kingdom, for motley ap- pearance ; and it is very extraordinary, that although we have the most positive assurance that Henry I. was the founder of it, previous to 1 135/ the nave of this Church, which is all that remains of the original, affords every variety of style, from the pure Saxon to the sixteenth century.* We are also told, that the rise, progress, and perfection of the pointed style, are to be discovered in Winchester Cathedral ; and that there is not a single stage of that species of architecture, and scarcely an ornament made use of in it, which may not be found in that building. 6 " The * Also British Topography, vol. 1, p. 241. 1 Vide Literary Anecdotes, vol. II. p. 96. 1 Warbui ton's Letters. * Hearnc's Dunstable Chronicle, 1733. s Britton. 6 Milner, vol. 2, p. 21. NOTES. (general description.) 137 " The Galilee. P. 282, /.ll from the bottom ] —The arches, columns, mouldings, &c. of this part of the structure, resemble those in the western front and Chapter-house of Salisbury and in the west front of Binham Priory, in Norfolk.* The Canonical penances, for which purpose these appendages to the west end of our Churches were originally designed, being superseded by the frequent Crusades, the large west windows were introduced. 1 The two small doors,' here complained of, were removed, the ground, in front, considerably lowered, and the whole western entrance put into a perfect state of repair, by Bishop Yorke* since Mr. Bentham wrote. " For want of a proper ceiling." P. 283., 15.] — Such was the unornamented and exposed style of the Italian Churches, from the fourth to the eleventh century. Even Old St. Peter's was in that state ; and Piranesi's fine interiors of St. Paul's and St. Clement's Churches, at Rome, represent the roofs of those superb buildings uncoiled at this day. " The Octagon, if not singular, is unequalled by any thing of the kind." P. 283, /. 19.] — Mr. Essex, in a letter to Mr. Bentham, says, cc As I was reading a description of Normandy, I met with an account of a Church at Coustances, in the centre of which is a dome of an octangular form, supported by four great pillars ; this is reckoned a very singular and bold work, and the whole Church is esteemed as fine a piece of Gothic Architecture as any in Europe. It is said to be finished in the year 1046, when Geoffrey, Chancellor to William the Conqueror, was Bishop, but that the foundations were laid before by the Duchess Gonor. But as it is said to be a delicate work, I doubt there is some mistake in the account of its age ; however, as it seems to be of the same kind as the dome at Ely, it may be worth while to enquire of Dr. Ducarel, whether he saw it in his tour, or met with any account of it, for I find a description of it was published by one Robert Cenal." s In November, 1779, this part, if not the whole of the Church, had a very providential escape from destruction : a fire broke out in the chamber adjoining to the lantern, and was discovered by a carpenter, as he was passing through the transept of the Cathedral ; who, obtaining assistance, tore up the flaming boards, and throwing them down the octagon, preserved the building. The Cathedrals of Westminster and Norwich, only two years after, were set on fire through the carelessness of the plumbers employed upon those structures. " Re-building of which cost £2637, 6s. 4d." P. 283, last Zme.]— Part, at least, of this sum appears to have been raised by a brief; for in 1701, a collection was made in St. Ste- phen's Church, Norwich, " towards the repair of Ely Cathedral." 6 " Completed before the year 1174." P. 284, I. 5.] — The remains of Thorney Church, re- built betwixt 1085 and 1125, and dedicated by Bishop Hervey, in 1128, are in the style of Ely : consisting of two tiers of semi-circular arches, resting on massy pillars. The nave is all 1 Briton. 1 Milner. 3 These doors are shewn in one of the four Prints engraved for Brown Willis's Cathedrals. The original plates, in excellent condition, were purchased by the proprietors of this Supplement, after they had published the second edition of Mr. Bentham' s History ; the holders of which, or of the first edition, may have the four prints, for the illustration of their copies, price 8s. 4 Vide Addenda, p. 13. 5 It does not appear who Robert Cenal was. Register of the Parish. T 138 NOTES. (history, &c.) all that is left of that Church. The side aisles were taken down, after the Reformation, in 1636. The original name of this place was Ankerig, and the Monastery was founded about 662, being little more than an assemblage of Hermitages, occupied by Monks from Peter- borough* These were destroyed by the Danes, in 870 ; and here Ethelwold, Bishop of Win- chester, founded an Abbey for Benedictine Monks. "Mr. Essex." P. 284, I. 8 from the bottom.] — The present strength and security of the Cathedral at Ely, are so much indebted to the abilities of this Architect, that it would be ungrateful to pass over his name, without some token of respect for his memory. He was a native of Cambridge, where his father was a respectable carpenter. He married a daughter of Mr. Thurlbourn, an eminent bookseller of that place. He died of a paralytic stroke, September 14th, 1784, aged 61, and is buried in St. Botolph's, in Cambridge. The repairs of King's College Chapel, and of several of the Colleges, in Cambridge — the tower of Winchester Chapel — of the Cathedrals at Ely and Lincoln, planned and executed by him, are lasting proofs of his professional skill and judgment ; and, we are told by Mr. Gough, that, his modesty was equal to his abilities. He was of opinion that cross-vaulting gave rise to the pointed arch. He had formed materials for a History of Gothic Architecture; which, the learned and ingenious Mr. Tyson laments, were likely to be lost; "and, with them, all real knowledge of that singular art ; for no one (says he), alive, understands the tech- nical part but himself." He has left us his " Remarks on the Antiquity of different Modes of Brick and Stone Buildings in England." 3, "Observations on Lincoln Cathedral." 3 — " Essay on the Origin and Antiquity of Round Churches, and that at Cambridge in particu- lar." 4 " On Croyland Abbey and Bridge." 5 He had the pleasure of reckoning Mr. Gough, the Ely Historian, the Rev. Michael Tyson, the Rev. William Cole, &c. among his intimate friends. 6 " The main supporters being rotted." P. 284, I. 3 from the bottom."] — Fuller 7 gives this account of the state of the Cathedral in his time : — " It grieved me lately to see so many new lights in this Church (supernumerary windows more than were in the first fabric), and the whole structure in a falling condition, except some good mens' charity seasonably sup- port it. Yet was I glad to hear a great Antiquary 8 is employed to transcribe and preserve the monuments in that Church, as all others in the late drowned land. And it is hard to say which is the better office, whether of those who have newly dried them from the inun- dation of water, or of those who shall drain them from the deluge of oblivion, by perpetu- ating their antiquities to posterity." How essentially necessary these repairs were, in Mr. Bentham's time, for the preservation of the lantern, may be learned from the following passage in a letter from Mr. Bentham to the Rev. Mr. Nicols : — "As to the repairs of the Church, they are going forward, and a scaffold is now finished quite round the lanthorn, at the height of the capitals of the pillars which support it, so that the workmen have opportunity of searching all the bottoms of the supports, which prove bad enough, for the ends of those timbers are mostly decayed, and ' Tanner. 1 Archaeologia, vol. iv. p. 73. 3 Ibid, 149. 4 Ibid, vol. vi. p. 163. 5 No. 22, " Bib Topog. Britannica." •See "Literary Anecdotes," passim, from wbich these particulars are collected. 7 In his Worthies, edit. 1811, vol. 1, p. 155. • Wtever. NOTES. (general description.) 139 and the whole weight of the lantern has rested long on the ribs that appear outwardly ; two of the right angles are secured ; and as things now stand, Mr. Essex is preparing to repair the two opposite angles, for greater security.'" " Removal of several Monuments." P. 287, I. 9.] — The removal of these memorials of our ancestors, without some proper inscription to ascertain the place of their interment, has been justly reprehended. Such a mark of attention and respect is not only due to the de- ceased, but may also greatly assist the investigation of future historians, and ascertain facts otherwise unattainable. This bad practice is not, however, confined to our own country. Dr. Ducarel informs us, that all the old Monuments, in the choir at Rouen, were removed, about a century before the publication of his " Tour through Normandy," among which he mentions that of Richard 1st, of England, whose heart was deposited there, in a silver box, after he died of the wound he received at the siege of Chalons. He gave 300 moids of wine, annually, to the Canons of that Church, in his life time. The King's elder brother, Henry, and John of Gaunt, Duke of Bedford, brother to Henry the Fifth, were also buried there. The actual places of their interment are only marked with inscribed marble lozenges, inlaid in the pavement. We lament, that the same attention has not been paid at Ely, Lincoln, Norwich, and other places where new pavements and alterations have taken place. At Ely the evil is remedied by the ichnographical plate, which was engraved for Willis's Cathedrals. In that, the precise situation of every tomb stone and monument is pointed out, as they were remaining before the removal of the Choir/ " Chapel and Monument of Bishop Alcock." P. 287, I. 12.] — On the floor of the north aisle of the Choir, before Bishop Alcock 's Chapel, is a brassless slab of an armed knight, in a pointed helmet, under a rich canopy, which had figures at the sides ; and in the south aisle lies a blue slab, sixteen feet long, robbed of its brasses, which were a rich canopy of three arches, and between them a shield, and two crowns in pale, and Saints down the sides. Mr. Gough supposes the latter may have been intended to commemorate Bishop Cox. In the Sacrist's accounts for the year 1393, he acknowledges the receipt of 13s. 4d. paid by the Executors of Sir William de Thorp, Knight, for two wax candles, burnt at his tomb, in the year of his death. — Quere. Does this explain Mr. Gough's note, and may we not sup- pose this to have been an ancestor of Sir William Thorpe, and Divinity Scholar at Cam- bridge in 1443 ? "John Lord Tiptoft." P. 287, I. 17.] — This monument has been assigned to Earl John, and his two wives, by Bale, Pits, Ware, Wood, a MS. in the Ashmole Library, and Sir Henry, St. George's Church Notes, in 1684, and Mr. Bentham has followed those authorities. Brook expressly says, the person buried here was Edward, the son of Earl John. The late Rev. William Cole was of the same opinion ; and Leland, who lived within 50 years of Earl John's death, tells us, that his body was deposited in the Church of the Dominicans, near Ludgate. 1 In the same letter Mr. Bentham expresses great anxiety for the removal of the Choir to the east end, which he had mentioned to the Bishop, " as of the highest consideration ;" who most liberally offered to give 500/. towards the expence; Mr. Bentham adds, his " hearty wishes to see it done, and that it was in his power to give largely to it." 1 See the Plate. T2 140 NOTES. (history, &c.) Ludgate. There appear, however, to be objections against the assertions, that this monu- ment was intended for Earl Edward; for, according to Mr. Gough's statement, 1 that per- sonage was only 18 years old at the time of his death, and consequently not likely to have had two wives. Mr. Brook, Somerset Herald, has explained the matter, by supposing, that the monument in question was erected by Earl John, for himself, had not his untimely death prevented. He says also, that Earl John's son Edward was buried at Ely, but does not appear to have been married. As this Nobleman is often mentioned, in the History of this Church, and Mr. Bentham has given no account of him, we have selected the following particulars respecting him, from the best authorities. He was the son of Sir John Tiptoft, afterwards Lord Tiploft, and Powis, by Joice, daughter of Edward Cherlton, Lord Powis. He was born at Everton, in Cambridgeshire, in 1427, educated at Baliol College, Oxford, and created Earl of Worcester, in 1448. He signalised himself early, by his military exploits, and passed through a series of the highest posts in the State. It was his misfortune, however, to live in an uncivilised age, at a time when his countrymen were infuriated by party rage ; and he was a zealous supporter of the House of York. We must not, therefore, too hastily, give credit to the charges of cruelty brought against him by the writers of that day,* who were, perhaps, at- tached to the House of Lancaster. Indeed, Leland has greatly contributed to do away the imputation ; and Caxton pathetically laments his " delh," at which he tells us, " every man, that was there, might lern to dye, and take his deth paciently ." That " he floured in vertne and cunnyng ; to whom he knew none lyke, emonge the lordes of the temporalitie, in science and moral vertue." Fuller, speaking of his execution, says, " The axe did, at one blow, cut off more learning than was left in the heads of all the surviving nobility." And Mr. Warton styles him the common patron of all his ingenious countrymen, and the rival of the learned Ecclesiastics of his age, in the diligence and felicity with which he prosecuted the politer studies. 3 He translated Cicero " de Amicitia," which was printed by Caxton. He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Grtjndour ; and, secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Hopton, Esq. the widow of Sir Roger Corbet, Knt. He was beheaded upon Tower-hill, October 18, 1470. 4 When Mr. Essex was making the alterations and necessary repairs in the Church, he dis- covered, in the south aisle of the choir, several leather fragments about a body, which he supposed might be that of Edward, Earl of Worcester, who was buried there in the reign of Richard III. 5 A MS. Note, in Mr. Bentham's own copy, observes, that " as Sir William Dugdale says 6 that the Earl was buried in Black Friars, London, this monument should be called a Cenotaph." We have several instances in this country of empty tombs, which Mr. Gough has given a list of. * Sepulchral Monuments, v. 5, p. 227. * The Prologue to " The infamous End of the Lord Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, for cruelly executing his Prince's butcherly eommaundementes, Oct. 1470," in " The Mirror for Magistrates," states, that the Earl " was the chiefe instrument whom King Edward (IV ) used in the attayntment and death of Thomas Coventry, Earl of Devonshire, John Vere, Earl of Oxeforde, Aubrey Vere, eldest sonne to the sayd Earle, the Duke of Somerset, and Lords Hungerford and Roste, as well as in like bloody affayres."— Edition by Haslewood, 1815, vol. 2, p. 199. 3 History of English Poetry, vol. ii. p. 119. 4 Mr. Gough, to whom the Editor is indebted for many of the above particulars, has given a fine bird's-eye view of the EflBgies, and says, " the Monument is pretty faithfully given in Mr. Bentham's History." Vide " Sepulchral Monuments," vol. 5. p. 226. 5 " Sepulchral Monuments," vol. 1, p. 50. 6 Ibid, vol. 2, p. 41. NOTES NOTES. 141 NOTES TO APPENDIX. " What we now call Coat Armour." P. 6*, first column. I. 23. B Y one writer, we are told, that arms were not used, in England, before the commence- ment of the tenth century;' by another, not before 1 147 ; 1 by a third, that the earliest example of armorial devices is that on the shield of Richard the First, on his Great Seal, and that they do not appear on works of art, in this country, before that King's reign, nor on sepulchral monuments till the 13th century. 3 Philip, the first Earl of Flanders, was the first who bore arms on his shield or helmet. The earliest instance of that kind met with, in Eng- land, was Geoffry Magnaville, Earl of Essex, whose effigy is in the Temple Church. The arms on the kirtle are the woman's own family ; those on the mantle, her husband's ; those on the inner garment are maiden ; those on the outward are married bearings. The first instance of quartering arms, in a subject, is John Hastings, Earl of Pembroke. When there are only three fleurs de lis in the arms of France, and not semee, it is later than henry Vth. We meet with no coronets, round the heads of monumental effigies of Peers, until the time of Henry III. John of Eltham, second son of Edward II. who died in 1334, is the earliest instance. Whenever supporters are found to a coat of arms, it must be later than Richard II. ; he was the first that used any. 4 Lord Hales sees no evidence of any coats armorial, in Scotland, before William the Lion, who began to reign 1 185. " The services of the Stallacion." P. *35, Jirst column, I. 9 from the bottom.'] — The feasts given upon these occasions formerly, exceed any thing of the kind in the present day. We shall only instance that given by Ralph de Bourn, Abbot of St. Augustine's, who entertained six thousand guests, with three thousand dishes of meat, 5 and at an expence of 34,000/. ; the feasts of George Nevil, Archbishop of York, in 1467 ; and of William Warham, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, the details of which are too long to be given here. 6 These great entertainments were ordered to be discontinued by King Charles II. in 1678, and in lieu thereof, each Bishop, before his consecration, to pay 50/. towards the building of St. Paul's, also 50/. instead of giving gloves to those who attended the feasts, which, it is observed, would be some ease to the respective Bishops, " in regard, the expences of the gloves did far exceed the sum." 7 This destructive hospitality, in the time of Edward the Third, whose Coronation Dinner cost £40,000/ was the means of producing a sumptuary law, which restrained all ranks of people within the limits of their quality and apparent resources ; yet Lionel of Clarence gave an entertainment, at his wedding, consisting of 36 courses, and a thousand people were fed from the fragments. 9 Stowe informs us, that, when the great hall of Westminster was finished, in the year 1399, the King (Richard the Second) kept his Christmas there, with daily justings, and running at the tilt ; and such numbers came, that every day there were slain twenty-six or twenty-eight oxen, * Mr. Edtftonson. * Mr. Gale. 3 Mr. Lyson's Cheshire, p. 449. 4 Mr. Gough's Sepulchral Monuments. 'Every item of which Thorn has given. 6 But will be found p. 21 and 29 of Battelj/'s Supplement, and are well worth the reader's notice. 7 Dugdale's St. Paul's, edit. 1815, p. 141, 142. 8 liolimhed, p. 969. 9 Stow's Chronicig, p. 267. 142 NOTES. (appendix.) oxen, and three hundred sheep, besides fowls, without number ; and the old poet Harding, speaking of this King's household, says thus : ^Truelp 31 fceart) IRoBect Sfteleffe aap, Cler&e of t£e giene clotb, t£at to tbe fjoiw&oR) Came eberp Dap, for tije most part altoap, tlert tbouaarrti folfec, bp bie messes tola, 3Tbat follotoni tbe bouse, ap 30 tbep tooulD, 8no tit tbe 6ecbin tbre bunfretb aertiitouta, 9nTj tit eacbe office manp occupies 1 If extravagant abundance was so predominant in the Royal and public entertainments of those days, it was no less so in the household establishments of the nobility and gentry. Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick, (says Fabian) kept such a house, that there were often eaten six oxen at a breakfast. " And," says Holinshead, 1 " in number of dishes and change of meate, the nobilitie of Englande do most exceede, sith there is no daye in maner that passeth over their heades, wherein they have not onely beefe, mutton, veale, lambe, kidde, pork, conie, capon, pigge, or so manie of these as the season yieldeth, but also some portion of the redde or fallow deere, beside great varietie of fishe and wilde fowle, and thereto sundrie other delicates, wherein the sweet hand of the portingale is not wanting. And after," he adds, " when the merchant makes a feast, he will seldome regard any thing that the butcher usually killeth, but reject the same, as not worthie to come in place."' tc Un Soltelte." P. *3b,flrst column, I. 4 from the bottom."] — To explain the obsolete words which occur in the account of this " Stallation Seruyais," and in those referred to, in the former note, the following short glossary may be useful : Bittore : bittern, a water fowl Furmenty, or frumenty : made of wheat and Brawne bruse : boiled milk Capoun of haut Grece : fat capon Gross chare : flesh, as beef, mutton, fyc. Carpe de ore : fried in oil with onions and white Leche tryez : fried bread crumbs Luce : pike Creme de Almaundys : Almonds stamped and Pertryche : Partridge done up with milk Panteryse coronys : Panthers, with crowns Crustade Lumbard : creme, eggs, parcely, dates, upon their heads, a device %c. baked Perys : pears Egle coronys : an eagle crowned Snytys : Snipes Fylettes in galentine : pork stewed with bread Sotelte : a device, figures made with jelly in broth and confectionary for shew. " Pecoke flourished." P. *35, second column, I. 33.] — This w r as the Peacock brought to the table, with the feathers of the tail set up extended. In St. Margaret's Church, Lynn, is a most magnificent Sepulchral Brass, 8 ft. 8 inc. in length, and 5 ft. 5 inc. in breadth, to the memory of Robert Braunche, and his two wives, A. D 1364 ;* beneath the figures is a representation of a Peacock feast. Mr. Carter, in his cc Specimens of Ancient ' Survey of London, p. 521. 1 Chronicle, chap. 193, p. 194. 5 Description of Britain, p. 94. *In Mackarell't History of Lynn, and Green's MS. Survey of this Church, it is dated 1464, which is impossible. NOTES. (appendix.) 143 Ancient Sculpture and Painting/' has engraved a view of this feast, to one third of the original size, and Mr. Gough, in his Sepulchral Monuments, has given a fac simile of the whole brass, but on a more reduced scale. In describing the festival, he says, "Among the delicacies of this splendid table, one sees the Peacock, that noble bird, the food of lovers, and the meat of lords. Few dishes were in higher fashion in the 13th century, and there was scarcely any royal or noble feast without it. They stuffed it with spices and sweet herbs, and covered the head with a cloth, which was kept constantly wetted, to preserve the crown. They roasted it, and served it up whole, covered, after dressing, with the skin and feathers on, the comb intire, and the tail spread. Some persons covered it w ith leaf gold, instead of its skin, and put a piece of cotton, dipt in spirits, into its beak, to which they set fire as they put it on the table. The honour of serving it up was reserved for the ladies most distinguished for birth, rank, or beauty, one of whom, followed by others, and attended by music, brought it up in a gold or silver dish, and set it before the master of the house, or the guest most distinguished for his courtesy and valour, or after tournament, before the victorious knight, who was to display his skill in carving the favourite fow l, and take an oath of valour and enterprise on its head. 1 The sauces used for the Peacock, on these occasions, seem to have been of the most ex- pensive kind. Holdfast, in Massinger's Play of " The City Madam," thus exclaims against the extravagance of the citizens in their public entertainments. " Men (says he) may talk of country Christmass, and court gluttony, Their thirty pounds for butter'd eggs, their pies of carps tongues, Their pheasants, drench'd with ambcrgrise ; the carcasses Of three fat weathers brused for gravy, to Make sauce for a single Peacock ; — yet their feasts Were fasts, compared with the Cities " Favin, in his " Theatre d'Honneur," informs us, the Peacock was not unfrequently served up alive, in a dish, in the form of a large ship, with banners, and the arms of France, suspended from the bird's neck. " Roberti Stuwardi." P. 48*, second column, I. 37.] — He was the eldest son of Simeon, and is called in the Genealogy 1 " Vir probata? vita? multisque praeclaris virtutibus decoratus." He died in Holborn, and was brought from thence, and buried in Ely Cathedral. By his will, enrolled in Chancery before his death, he entailed all his rents and estates upon the heirs male of his father Simeon, viz. from brother to brother, in so secure a manner, that his will by no means could be made void. The Manors, which were entailed, are these, Stuntney, Thorney, Covency, Wardey, Lyles, and Tyndalls in Chaterice, and all these Manors are in the Isle of Ely, and county of Cambridge. This person was also the nephew of Prior Robert Welles, who assumed the family name of Steicard, upon his being made the first Dean of Ely. To account for his having ever relinquished it, we observe, in addition to what is stated of him in the note, p. 121, that it was fashionable for the Clergy to be called after the places of their birth. Richard, Bishop of London, whose father was Sir Richard Angervill, was called Richard of Bury, where he was born. William, Bishop of Winchester, was called Waynfleet, although the eldest son of Richard Pattin, a very ancient family, and the following list of the Monks of Ely, in 1516, from Bishop West's Register, will exemplify this fact : — Robert 5 Vol. III. p. 571. See also Palaj/e sur VAncienne Chevaleri, vol. I. pp. 184, 185, 244. 1 See note upon Dean Steward, p. 121. 144 NOTES. Robert Stunteney, William Whyttelsey , John Bredon, Thomas So ham, Richard Crowland, Robert Sutton, John Lincoln, William Wylberton, Thomas Oxborow, Michael Barnyngham, Robert Wellys, Thomas Lakynkyth, John Ely, Robert Buchenham, Alexander Barckeley, John Massyngham, John Thettforthe, John Corbett, Edmund Dumer, Thomas Heche, John Pate, Roger Norwich, William Clyfford, Thomas Grenewod, John Stonham, William Dan- yell, Thomas Leverington, Richard Downham, Thomas Chesterton. The Protector Oliver's father married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Richard Steward, and one of his sons,, Sir Thomas Steward, left Oliver the estate at Stuntney, in 1636, who took possession of and resided in the Rectory-house, till he was chosen one of the Members for Cambridge, in 1640. Prom the above Genealogy, we find the following' persons of the family of Steward were buried in Ely Cathedral, and of whom there are no memorials : Thomas, son of Richard Steward, who, during the reign of Queen Mary, took refuge in Germany ; at her death he returned to England, and married Anne Fincham. He was buried on the south side of the middle aisle. — Nicholas Steward, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Lucas, Esq.; he died in 15S8. — Anne Steward, who married Thomas March, of Ely, Gent, by whom she had several children. Mr. Bentham, in his Notitia, has mentioned a Manuscript, in the Lambeth Library, in which is the genealogy of Robert Steward, which is also transcribed in the Anglia Sacra. JL HESE figures, which have only been given to the public in Mr. Gough's " Paradisus, Atrium porticibus circundatum ante cedes sacras— locus porticibus et deambula- toriis eirenndatus, nostris vulgo Parvis." 7 " Parvisium — id est Porticus seu atrium Ecclesias."* When the Roman Basilicas became Christian Churches, the secular purposes to which they had been applied were transferred to (lie Parvis Lawyers here met their clients ; petty nego- tiants and money-changers were here stationed; and like the Stoa iu less recent times, it became 1 Horsley, p. 53, n. 1 Ciampini, t. 1, p. 9. 3 Ibid. p. 10. 4 Canon 13, quest 2. 5 Bonnnnus de templo Vaticano, tab. 4, c 10. Du Cange, Constan. Christian, 1. 3, c. xx. Hesyc/uus, ns^ahitioi. 6 Anastutius in Done. 7 Du Cange. 8 Macri HieioJexicon. REMARKS. 149 became the scene of academical disputations. 1 The practice of exposing wares and refresh- ments for sale within the precincts of Churches, was so inveterate, that v\e repeatedly find prohibitions against this profanation, in ancient canons. It was, however, occasionally per- mitted, as in the Parvis of Notre Dame, at Paris, on Maundy Thursday. % The Portions being little calculated for onr climate, a shadow of it only remains in the porch of onr Churches ; and the uses of the Parvis seem formerly to have been transferred to that, on the south side of them. " Suthdure, Porta austral is, ex Saxon, piS, auster, et Dune, ostium. Grrvasius Dorobernensis libro de reparatione Cantuarensis Ecclesiae: in latere principale Ostium Ecclesiae, quod antiquitus ab Anglis, et nunc usque Suthdore dici- tnr. Quod Ostium in antiquorutn lcgibus llegum suo nomine same expriirritur. In quibua etiam onmes querelas totius vegni, quae in Hundredis vel Comitatibus, uno vel pluribus. vcl certe in Curia Regis non possent legaliter difiniri, finem inibi stent in Curia Regis summi, sortiri debere discernitur Du Cange remarks on this extract — "Qua quidem postrema verba satis doceut hocce toco facta, judicia Dei, uti vocabant, cum scilicit lites, judicio or- dinario dirimi next poterant." 1 One of our lawyers has thus commented on this subject. — Suthdore (Sax.) i.e. the south door of a Church ; it was the place where canonical purga- tion was performed ; that is, where the fact charged upon a person could not be proved by sufficient evidence, and the party accused came to the south door of the Church, and there, in the presence of the people, made oath, that he was innocent; and plaints, &c were heard and determined at the Suthdure; for which reason, large porches were anciently built at the south doors of Churches. 4 The same opinion is adopted by Stavely ( Hist, of Churches ), where we also learn, from Simeon Dunelmensis, s that it was usual for the priest to officiate and sing mass, before the people and lawyers came to plead in the Church — " and now after all, why may we not conceive that this (the Porch) was the Parvis frequented by Judge Fortiscue's pleaders, and Old Chancers sergeant, but afterwards, this being thought incon- sistent with that reverence which is due to consecrated [daces, the courts and pleadings were there prohibited ; though the teaching 6 and instructing of children was still continued, as being a good christian work, and tending much to edification." 7 The Parvis thus recog- nised, was once subservient to academical purposes, in the University of Oxford. " Before the schools were erected, the young students held their disputations in Parvisiis, in the porch of St. Mary's Church ;" and in the statute, " De exercitiis praestaudis pro gradu Baccalaurei in artibus, the exercises required are Disputationes in Parvisiis."* BELLS. P. 29.] — " The eera of the invention of bells is somewhat obscure." Small single bells were used in Churches and Monasteries in very early times. 9 Accurately speaking, bells are divided ' Ciampini, t. 1, c 1. Du Cange. 1 " II y a quatre foires dans Paris : la foire St. Germain, la foire Si Laurent la foire du Temple, el la foire desjambons aux Parvis de Notre Dame; elles appartient toutes les quatres d des Ecclesiastujues-" Saintfois, essai* historiques sur Paris, t. 2, p 204. " Parvis, s. m. C'est la place qui est devant le portail d'une eglise. Le parvis de Notre Dame, a Paris, est pleiu de lard, de jambon, et de chair salee tous les an* ie Jcudi Saint " — Diction de Hichelet, m. Parvis. 3 tiu Cange v. Suthdure. * Jacob's Law Dictionary, Ruf head's edition, 1772, Suthdore. s Hist, fol. 35. 6 Constit. Othobon. temp. Hen. 3. 7 C. 10, p 1 j9 8 Oxonians, v. I, p 42. 9 In the early age of Chris- tianity, before bells were used or allowed, the cry of Alleluiah was one of the methods practised for calling the faithful together for the purpose of devotion. " Hilarius ait, quod eo vocis signo Alleluja antiqui vocabantur ad collectam, ide;t ad congregationem pro oratione facienda," (Burii On masticon Etymologicum v Alleluja), and St Jerome, whence perhaps Uns extract is taken (Epis. 2?) — " Post Alleluja cantatum, quo signo vocabantur ad collectam, nulh residere hcitum erat." 150 REMARKS. divided into six classes, and were applied to distinct purposes: these are, squilla, cymba- lum, nola, nolula, or duplex campana, campana, signum. These, the two last excepted, are small. The use of them is thus particularised : — " Squilla pulsatur in triclinio, id est, in refectorio ; cymbal um in claustro ; nola in choro ; nolula, sen duplex campana, in horo- logio ; campana (sometimes called campanum), in campanile ; signum in turn." 1 I find no authority for assigning an earlier date to the campanae than the year 605, when Pope Sabi- nianas ordered them to be fixed in Churches.* From a passage in the life of Charlemagne, by the Monk of St. Gallus, 1 it appears that the art of founding large bells was understood in the reign of that. Emperor (758 — 814). " Erat autem alius opifex in omni opere aeris et vitri cunctis excellentior. Cumque Tancho monachus St. Galli campanum optimum cor- flaret, et ejus sonitum Imperator non mediocriter miraretur, dixit ille praestantissimus in aere magister: Domine Imperator, jube mihi cuprum multum adferri, et excoquam illud ad purum, et in vicem stanni mihi opus est de argento dari saltern centum libras, et fundo tibi talem Campanum ut istud in comparatione sit mutum." For the purpose of containing bells, we hear of Tunis, Turris campanaria, Nolarium, Campanile, and Campanarium. Properly speaking, the two last terms were, I believe, ap- plied to those which held more than one, or for a peal ; but as these appellations are the invention in/imce fetalis, and to which there is no classical reference, they are frequently used indiscriminately. About the period last alluded to, we begin to hear of the Campanile in Rome, and among several others, one in the Basilica of St. Peter, for three bells, built either by Adrian I. or Stephen III. (752 — 757). Anastatius assigns it to the latter — "Idem beatissimus Papa fecit super basilicam B. Petri Apostoli turrem, quam ex parte inauravit, et ex parte argento vestivit, in qua tres posuit campanas, quce clerum et populum ad qfficium Dei convocarent." 1 find no mention of a peal of bells before the year 865, when Ursus Participates, Doge of Venice, made a present of twelve ("magni ponderis,") to the Greek Emperor, who built a tower to the Church of S la ' Sophia, to hang them in— they were the first known in Greece. " Easque campanas constat primas fuisse, quas alicubi habuerit."* The munificent TW- ketyl, Abbot of Cropland, who died in the last year of Edgar (975), presented his Abbey with seven bells, to each of which he gave the name of a predecessor. These together formed a peal not to be met with in England ; an expression which proves there were others to compare them with. — Non erat tunc tanta consonantia campauarum in tota Anglia." s This research derives some importance from its connexion with the Architecture of Churches, and those of our own country in particular. The invention of a ring of bells, apparently gave rise to steeples for their reception ; and we find a general correspondence in the date of both. Neither in the minute description of Wilfrid's Church at Hexham, 6 which was so magnificent, that " neque ullam domuin aliam citra Alpes montes talem aedifi- catain audivimus," — nor in Alcuin's metrical detail of the Church of St. Peter's, at York, 7 which was consecrated in the eighth century (780) was there any steeple : nor was one ad- missible in the plans therein adopted. But in the Conventual Church of Ramsey, which was cruciform, and fabricated in the tenth century, an asra greatly favourable to the advance- ment ' Durandus, Ration. Divin. Offic. 1. 1, c. 4, s. 4. 1 Bonunnus, de templo vaticano, c. 29, p. 148. 3 I,. 1, c. 31, apud Canisium. * Bhndus, decad. 2, 1. 2 Baronius, A. 865, t. 10, p. 1 19. 5 Ingulph. p. 8S9, edid. Fianc. 6 Edii Vit. Wilfridi, c. 22, scrip, xv. 7 Malmesb. de Pontif. Ang. 1. 3, p. 153, scrip, xv. REMARKS. 151 ment of architecture, we find two towers, one in the west front, the other, which was larger, was supported by columns over the intersection of the cross, and is the first instance of a Bel- fry 1 thus situated, that I know of. — " Duae quoque turres ipsis tectorum culrninibus emine- bant quarum minor versus occcklentem in fronte Basilicas pulchrum intrantibus insulam a longe spectaculum procbebat ; major vero in qvadrifidcc structurae medio columnas quatuor, porrectis de alia ad aliam arcubus sibi invicem connexas, ne laxe defluerent, deprimebat." 1 From a subsequent chapter,' it appears, that bells were suspended in the smaller of these towers, or in that over the ivcstern extremity. From the foregoing authorities, it is not clear, that, previously to the tenth century, a ring of bells was known ; or, if more than one was placed in the same turris, they were for the use of the Church or Monastery to which they belonged. Mr. Benlham's opinion that the Saxons did not raise high towers above the roofs of their Churches till about the tenth century, is not satisfactory to the Author of that elegant and learned publication — " A Treatise on the Ecclesiastical Architecture of England during the middle ages," 4 who rests his opposition, principally on the form of the Church of St. Mary, at Hexham, built in the seventh century — "this Church was furnished with a tower of a round or cupola form ; from which four porticos or aisles proceeded. From this description we learn, that its plan was not unlike the plan of S u Sophia's Church, at Constantinople, built nearly about the same time." We know that the hemispherical termination of Churches, like that now mentioned, was admitted early ; and is one to which Constantine and his family were partial. But none of these cupolas were ever made to hang bells in.— I have further to remark, that from a careful perusal of Eadrner, (apud Gervasium) the an- cient Church referred, to in the treatise now quoted, was built by Archbishop Livingus, and his successor Egelnothus, so late as the eleventh century ; and does not therefore fall w ithin, the limits of this enquiry. 5 The FIGURE of CHRIST, over the door at the west end of the Cloister. PI. 7, p. 35 ] — Christ is here enthroned within a spheriod, with pointed terminations, and supported by ministering Angels. The head is incircled with the nimbus crucigerus ; the right hand is extended ; the ring and little finger of it are bent towards the palm, express- ing benediction, after the rite of the Latin Church. 6 On the left knee rests the Evangelists, surmounted by the cross ; the habit is the vestis manicata ; the feet are bare, by which power and fortitude is mystically implied ; 7 an attribute commonly observed when the Re- deemer is delineated in a state of exaltation. The origin of the spheriod in this situation is thus accounted for : — In the Roman temples, and in the Curiae, it was not unusual, by a decree of the Senate, to place votive orbicular shields, impressed with the effigies of the de- ceased Emperor, and supported by winged victories, denoting his apotheosis. A similar exhibition 1 Balfredus was another ancient term, sometimes signifying the wooden frames in which bells were hung, at others the tower itself. Balfredus was, 1 believe, first applied to the defensive towers which, from ahout the ninth century, were built to the palaces in cities, of the Italian Nobility. They were permitted by a royal grant, and individuals who attempted to raise them without that permission, were severely punished. — Muratun Diss. 26. Du Cunge, Belfredus & Tristegum. As an honourable distinction, these towers were long continued; and io this day, form a very striking object on approach- ing the older cities of Italy. 1 Hist. Ramesiensis, c. 20, p. 399, scrip xv. 3 07. 4 P. 30. 5 Gervas. de comb, et repar. Uorob Eccl — Dart's Canterbury. — G /stling's Walk, &c. « This position is again repeated in the episcopal figure in plate ix. p. 4S, and in plate xi. p. 54. 7 Gori Diptych, t. 3, p. 3. 152 REMARKS. exhibition, of departed friends, was continued by the early Christians on sarcophagi, and within Churches, where winged genii were substituted for victories. They contained a re- presentation of Christ in exaltation, either actual or symbolical. If the latter, by a niona- grain, or typilieatiou of the immaculate Lamb, the volume of the Evangelists, or a cross placed on an ornamented throne. The situation was commonly over the arch called Triiimphalis.' I have to observe, that at the dawn of the Gothic, when a tendency to point prevailed, the circular form of the shield was changed, as in the present instance, to the spherical, pointed at the terminations. The figure of Christ in exaltation, in early times, denoted opposition to the Avian, and the Virgin in glory, to the Neslorian, heresy. PRESBYTERIUM. P. 38.] — A more extended dimension is here assigned to the Presbyterinrn than it is intitled to. Strictly speaking, this division, in ancient Churches, was limited to the Consessus Presby- terorum, 1 ( sub ahside ) in the tribunal, and the space for the insulated altar, to the veils or cau- celli, by which it was separated from the choir. " Quibus (cancellis) Beina a choro separatur." 1 " Pars ecclesia? in qua Presbyteri consistunt." "Quod qnidem Presbyterinrn cancellis (lis- tinguebatur a reliqua aede." 4 It was the Sacrarium of the temple, and, as the choir was ap- propriated to the missa catechumenorum, so was the Presbyterinrn to the missa fideliutn or the service of the altar. " Erat locus (Sacrarium) prope altare, cancellis eircumdatus, ubi, tempore sacrificii, solns sacerdos, cum reliquis sacris ministris, ingredi poterat, qui locus a. Graecis appellatnr B^a," &c. 5 The rise of the Presbyterium above the choir, is implied by Eusebius, 6 and is marked as existing in a Church in Gaul, in the sixth centnry, by St. Ccesa- rius, Bishop of Aries. " Dei genetrix Maria de Presbyterio descendens, et chorum more abbatis circmniens, monachis benedixit." 7 The space, from the nave to the eastern termi- nation of the Old Church of Canterbury, is accurately described by Gervase : " Continebat hie murus* monachorum chorum; presbyterium ; altare magnum. De choro ad presbyterium, tres eraut gradus ; de pavimcnto presbyte.rii, usque ad altare grad us tres." 9 Mr. Bentham has himself, in plate iv. in his engraving of the Old Conventual Church of Ely (A. 6i)3) given the Presbyterium in its most simple and ancient form. OUR LADY'S CHAPEL. P. 126 ] — 1 am not aware of any Chapel of this name attached to our Cathedrals, of higher date than the feast of the Immaculate Conception ; which was instituted, either late in the eleventh or early in the twelfth century : a period when veneration for the Virgin rose to a degree previously unknown. There seems to have been an alliance between the office of Sacrist and the keeper of St. Mary's Altar. " After the new Chapel of St. Mary was built, he (the Sacrist) was called Custos, or Keeper of St. Mary's Chapel." IO " The Sacristy 1 Ciampini passim. 1 Ibid t. 1, c. 9, p. 18. 3 Du Cange V. Canoelli altaris. 4 Burio Onomasticon V. Presbyterium. s Maori Werolexicon V. Sacrarium. 6 L. 10, c. 4. 7 L. 7, c. 40- Bibliotli. Patrum t. 8. 8 This was the inclosure of the choir which was then kepi low, " non elevatum fuisse nisi usque ad appoditionem." Durand Ration 1. 1, c. 3, mun 35. The word murus, occurs in Isidorus, and means the division between the officiating- Cleri and the people. De Diviii. Off 1. 1, c. 3. It is also in an ther place tluis described Ity Gervase — " Murus, erat tahulis marmoreis compositus, qui chorum cingens et Presbyterium, corpus ecclesias a suis lateribus quas alse vocantur, dividebut. 9 De Combustion* Durob. Eccles. p. 12H9. 10 Bentham, p. 123, REMARKS. 153 Sacristy, or place where the holy things are deposited, or in which the priest puts on his sacred vestments, typifies the womb of the most holy Mary, in which Christ assumed a sacred covering of flesh. The priest from this place, goes forth to the people, because Christ, pro- ceeding from the womb of the Virgin, came into the world. " Sacrarium sive locus, in quo sacra reponuntur, sive in quo Sacerdos sacras vestes induit, uterum sacratissimae Maria sig- nificat : in quo Christus se sacra veste carnis indnit. Sacerdos, a loco, in quo vestes induit, ad publicum proccdit : quia Christus ex utero virginis procedens in mundum venit.'" — Are we hence to conclude, that from the institution of the feast of the Immaculate Concep- tion, the superior Sacristy or Vestiary (for belonging to large communities we know there were several), where, as in the Opisthodomos of the ancient Grecian temples, were depo- sited the treasures, the archives, the reliques, and costly vestments ; and where the Bishop or officiating Minister robed, with great solemnity/ was the Lady's Chapel in our Cathe- drals ? GALILEE. " The principal entrance into this Church is at the west end, by a handsome vestibule for- merly called the Galilee. " P. 282. — c: Below the arches, on the sides, are stone benches. Here the penitents used to sit while they waited their re-admission into the Church. This may account for the name by which this vestibule was anciently called the Galilee." Addenda, p. 8, note 2, from Mr. Millers.] — The following explanation of this term is offered : — When the two Marys visited the Sepulchre on the morning of the Resurrection, they were told by the Angels — " He is risen from the dead, and behold he goeth before you into Galilee, there shall ye see him." The dominical processions, but more par- ticularly those on Easter Sunday, commemorate the meeting of our Lord, and the last sta- tion where they terminate on entering the Church, is the emblem of Galilee. — " In hujus- modi processionibus Prelatos nostros prceuntes, quasi Dominum in Galileam sequimur, et locus ipse, quo processionem suprema stalione termina?nus recte a nobis Galilea nuncupa- tur." J " Galilea locum in Ecclesia denotabat, ubi in omnibus Dominicis per annum proces- sio terminabatur, in qua pra;cedebat Episcopus et sequebatur Clerus, ad denotandum Chris- tum post resurrectionem discipulos suos in Galilceam prascessisse." 4 It appears from Du Cange, s that the term Galilee was applied to the Porticus on the outside of the Church — " Galilaeam porticum — quam nostri Galerie vocant — et defunctus, in Galilaea tumulari meruit — id est in Claustri porticu." ARCUS TRIUMPHAL1S. Addenda, p. 5.] — This arch is here described, as being over the Tribunal. It was rather the lofty opening which separated the Nave from the Choir. Allusions to the Arcus Trium- phalis occur frequently in Anastatius, 6 and always refer to that part of the Church. In Bonanni 7 it is thus localized. In Piranesi's engraving of the inside of the Basilica of St. Paul (in via ostiense) both the arch over the Tribunal, and the Arcus Triu?nphalis, are dis- tinctly represented. Some attention has been paid to this magnificent object in the more celebrated * G. Durand. Ration. Divin. Off. Antwerp, 1570. * Ordo Romanus, p. 1. 5 Rupertus de Divinis Officiis, 1. 5, c. 8.- ♦ Macri Hierolexicon, ' V. Galilaea, 6 De Vit. Pontine. 7 Templi Vaticani Historia, c. 8, p. 32 ; c. 9, p. 34, pi. 8. ,*U 154 REMARKS. celebrated early Churches ; in the " Enquiry into the origin and influence of Gothic Archi- tecture/" whence the following lines are taken. " This arch is distinguished by the epithet Triuinphalis ; and as the triumphal arches in Heathen Rome were adorned with military trophies — so was this with Christian triumphs. ' Sicut igitur in illis victoriis effigies, et in- strumenta victorias exponebantur ; ita Christiani in suorum arcuum fastigio crucem vel re- demptorem locabant trophceo crucis insignem ac martyres, aliosque sanctos hinc inde ha- bentem, tanquam regem triumphantem de victa morte, et de inferorum prostratis potesta- tibus, eique credentibus cocli januas aperientem. In antiquis ac praecipuis ecclesiis illud constanter servatum est, ut arcus iste trinmphalis musivo praesertim opere piugeretur ; quod aperte cernimus in Basilicis vetustissimis S. Pauli, S. Laurentii, et S. Praxedis ; atque in aliis urbis ecclesiis similes arcus fuisse facillime deduci potest, sed tempore injuria dirutos.' " 4 1 P. 147. * Ciampini, t. 1, p. 199. CntJ of tfoe Mom. APPENDIX to the SUPPLEMENT of Mr. BENTHAM S HISTORY §r ANTIQUITIES OF ELY'. (1.) — The Certificate or Return made by the Commissioners to the Court of Augmentation of the Revenues of the Crown. In dorso — The Valewe of all the Possessions assygnd to the Kingf College at Elye. N. B. It appears to be a Particular for a Grant to the Dean and Chapter, of all that is marked "

valet > n xx Ileddit t firm terr et Tento$ ibm p annu iiij xvi ti. iiij xj s. iiij d. iiijs. iiijs. ^ Nov redd ij tentog ij alnet 1 j piscac' ibm dim divi xix s. iiij d. Quadfn penccm' voc' Candilcorne Syl9* rec' de Epo Elien p annu x ti. xiij s. iiij d. Quadfn oblacon voc' Elyffarthings f collect' de omib5 Ecctis T: Vitt infra Insulam t Com' Cant p annu iiij ti. Firm Grang' Elemos' dim Wilto Silv\op p Indentuf p annu lxvj s. viij d. Firm molendini ventritic' ibm Richardson p Indentuf p annu xiij s. iiij d. Firm cert' terr voc' Ketons dim Robto Orton p Indent p annu xxxij s. Firm MaSij dc Brame dim Johni Colpottf p Indentuf cum xx d, p j alnet' ibm p annu viij ti. xx d. Firm Daiarie de Turbutsey dim Witlmo Wryght p Indentuf p annu Iiij s. iiij d. Firm Daiarie de Quaveney dim Ro^bto Wolnagh p Indentura p annu xxvj s. viij d. Firm Daiarie de Shepey dim Johni Adm p Indent p annu vj ti. xiij s. j^j See Notes at the end of this Record, p. 15. u ciiijti. xs. xjd. ob 2* APPENDIX TO Pquis' Cur ifcm cum Bonis ffelon' 1 at Casual accideS infra totam Insulam jPdcam lxvj s. viij d. Firma Orrei x mal vocat Le Sexterye Barne cum omib3 Domibj Orrijs Stabut et at Edific' Grungie Sacf nup Monaster Elien ptinen ac unius xx Cti voc' Mylleclose cont p Estimaconem ij acr Necnon iiij x acr terf Gleb in Comm Campo voc' Brewooddes t at Camp ibm unacu decimat Gran feno decimal ac omibj at x ml ' oblaconibj et pficuis quibuscunc^ fPdict' Rector Scte Trinitatf et Bte Marie infra viflr pdict' in Insula pdca sive eog al? ac Capett de Cheteslim ptinen aut spectant' nup Offic' Sacr pPd ptinen x mi ' tamen 1 pfic' pvenien sive crescen de Capeit de Stunteney omio re^vat' et except' arrentat' p annu uit a Stipend sive Salaf duog Capellanog in Ecctis Scte Trinitatis °t Bte Marie pPdict' p totum annu coram pochionat ibm celebran, Et ultra omia at orik tin ordinaf qm exordinar de eisdm Rectorijs sive eog al? annuaf exeunt' ad Lti. Ely vitt repris in Reddit resolut dno Epo Elien p terf °t tentf ibm p annu C s. iiij d. ob. Feod Rici Aley Batli ibm 1 at Collector redd in Ely p annu vi ti. xvj s. viij d. Vesturu firm Mariij de Brame ex Convencone p Indentur p annu vj s. viij d. Et valet clare p annu xijti. iij s. vij d. ob. li. _ s. d. Clxxvij. vij. iiij. Stunteney in pocft See Trinitatis Elien [totum conced' Edward North Armig?o p tras Dni R pat p>9 Firmam x ma ] valet in [p ecct] p ccciia Reddit et firm terf et tento^ ibm p annu vij. ix. iiij. Firm MaSij ibm dim Edward Besteney p Indentur p annu vij ti. Firm decimaf ibm dim eidm Edward p Indentur p annu C s. Pquis Cuf ibm comunibj annis 20 d. Firm Vaccarie de Thorney dim Jotmi Cray p Indent p annu l o ti. Vendicon Bosci in Thorney fryth coib3 annis lis. Stuntney repris' in Redd resolut Dno Epo Elien p terr T; Tentf ibm p annu 4 d. Feod Wittm Durrunt Ballivi ibm p annu 6 s. 8 d. Vestur firmaf de Stuntney et Thorney p annii 13 s. 4 d. [It pore x mv Stuntney - - 61.] Et valet clare p annu Northney in pochia Elien valet in Firm 8 Alne't terr ibm dim div^s pson p Copia Cur p annu 43 s. 8 d. Firm daiarie ibm dim Joftni Copley p Indentur p annu 106 s. 8d. > xxx ti. ij s. inde xx s. iiij d. xxix ti. xx d. SUPPLEMENT. Dounbm valet in p ead Reddit et Firm Alnet 1 Tentof in pocfi ibm p ann 32 s. 4d. Quadra Pencon' recept' de Rector Ecctie ibm p annu 40 s. Repris' in R ex Redd resolut dno Epo Elien p uno Alneto ibm p annu 4d. Et clare valet p annu Lytleporte valet in p ecctia Firm unius incli voc Monkf? Croft 1 unius acr terr arrabitt in pocfe ibm p anii 6 s. 8 d. • W * Wet in in pochia de Stretnme J p ead Redd Assis' t firm terf 1 tentojt de piscariag ibm p ann 57 s. 8d. inde repris in p R ex Redd resolut Mro Revell dno MaSij ibm p annu cu 3 d in pc j lib. cum 1 3 d Et valet clar p annii Stretlim valet in p ecctia Redd et Firm terr 1 tento§ in villa ibm dim Thome Hyche p Indent p ann 35 s. 4d. inde Repris' in R ex Redd resolut dno Epo Elien p terr *t tent ibm p annii 3 s. 8 £ d. Et valet clar p annu Res3 p Rege Hadenlim valet in Conced' Edwardo North armig° p tras dni R paten Redd et Firm terr et tento$ ibm p an 54 s. 8 d. Firm MaSij de Hengton ibm dim' Thome Wren p Indentur p annii lit. 10 s. Repris' in Redd resolut dno Epo Elien 1 at p terf et tent ibm p annu 22 s. 1 1 \ d. Et valet clare p annu p ecctia Wichforde valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr 1 tentog ibm p annu 1 6 t. 7 s. 5 d. Firm MaSij ibm dim Joftni Cray p Indentur p ann 7 1. 10 s. Firm unius pastuf ibm voc le Wolde dim Jofti Cray p annu 40 s. Firm uni 9 incti voc Sempollf Close ibm p annu 60s, Firm 2 Clausuf voc Beyllf et Newclosse ibm nup in MaS p c or ad usum hospicij p annu 8 1. Pquis' Cur ibm Comunib3 annis 7 s. 6 d. Repris in Redd resolut ad repacSem Calceti de Aldreth p annu 2 s. 6 d. Feod Rici Cray Ballivi ibm p annu 20 s. Et valet clar p annu U2 ' 72 s. 4d. inde 72 s. iiij d. 57 s. 8d. 31 s. 7 d. ob. inde 13. 1. / 40. 11. 7d. inde 39. 9. APPENDIX TO Wentworth valet in Redd Assis' 1 firm teff et Tent ibm p annu g\. 18. 10 \ d. Firm unius tenti 1 cert terr ibm voe Grantysden scitit in pcio 15 q a rterio§ ordei p>c q'rter 2 s. 4d. comunibj annis p annu 35 s. Firm Maffii ibm dim Rico Cray p Indentur p annu 8 ti. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib3 annis 2 s. 4d. Repris' in Redd resolut ac MaSii Dni Scroope de Coveney p annu I5d. Feod Rici Cray Ballivi ibm p annu 20 s. Et valet claf p annu Coveney valet in Quodm quiet redd exeunt de MaSio Dni Scroope ibm p annu 5 s. Dodyngton vitt cu Marche et Wymelyngton cu. Membf ejusdm Vitt valet in xij d. xiij d. 8d. Redd triu Tentog ibm vidett in Marche Wymelyngton t Dodyngton p annu 2 s. gd, Wichm et MaSii cum Rectoria valet in Redd Assis' 1 Firm terr et Tento^ ibm p annu lit. 7 s. 6 d. Firm MaSii ibm dim Wittmo Gybson p Indentur p annu 1 06 s. 8 d. Firm Rector ibm dim Nicfto Kyne p Indentur p annu 7 ti- 10 s. Pquis Cur' ibm Comunib3 annis 6 s. 8d. Repris' in 18 d. Redd resolut dno Epo Elieii et ad repacoem Calceti de Aldreth p annu 3 s. 1 f d. Feod Simeonis Steward Ballivi ibm p annu 20 s. Pencon solut Vicar ibm in Augmentacon' Bn|cij sui p annu 53 s. 4 d. Et valet clar p annu Mepatt MaSiu in Vitt de Mepatt valet in Redd Assis' et Firm terr et tentog ibm p annu 110s. 8 d. Firm MaKii ibm dim Thome Inderett p Indentur p annu 100 s. Pquis' Cur ibm Comunib3 annis 6 s. 8d. Vendicon' Bosc crescent' in Marisco ibm coib3 annis 16 s. 8d. Rep's in Redd resolut ad Repacon Calceti de Aldreth p annu 8 d. Feod Wittmi Bateman Ballivi ibm p ann 20 s. Et valet clare p ann SUPPLEMENT. •p ecctia R ex p Rege p ecctia p ecctia p ecctia Sutton Man?iii cu Rectoria valet in Redd Assis' t firffi terr et tentof ibm p annu 56 t. 19s. 11 f d. Firm MaSij ibm dim Thome Colyn p Indentur p ann 8t. Firm Rector ibm dim Join Buk p Indentur p annu 13L 6 s. 8 d. Pquis' Cur ibm comunibj annis 53 s. 4d. Repris' in Redd resolut dno Epo Elien p divV terr et tent ibm p annii 7 s. Feod Nicfti Steward Ballivi ibm p ann 66 s. 8d. Et valet clare p annu Witlesey Mahliii cu Rectoria valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et ten to rf ibm p annu 39! 15 s. 9fd. Firm Manfy et Rector ibm dim Rogero Wylson p Indentur p annu lot. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib3 annis 26s. 8d. Repris' in Feod Rog?i Wylson Ballivi ibm p ann - Et valet clare p annu Wisbiche Villa valet in Redd dips' terr et Tento? ibm p annii 19s. 2d. Pencon recept de Vicario ibm p annu 6 s. 8 d. Firm Rector ibm cu cert terr et tenement ibm insimut dim Thome Meggf? Armig?o p Indentur p ann 20 1. cu 26 s. 8d. exeunt' de MaSio de Coldehanie in Elme. Firm MaSij de Murrowe ibm dim Robto Wayneliet p Indentur p annu 14 ti. Pquis' Cur MaSij de Murrowe in Wisbyche ffennend cornunib3 annis I2d. Et valet clare p annu Leveryngton MaSiu valet in Redd Assis' t firm terr et Tentorf ibm p annu 33 s. Firm MaSij ibm dim Wiitmo Edwardf p Indentur p annii jii. 7 s. Repris' in Vestur firmar ibm ex Convencon p Indentur p annu 6 s. 8 d. Et valet clare p annu Elme Villa valet in Redd et firm cert terr & tentog ibm p annii - s. d. 19. 11 £. inde 73 s. 8d. 77- 6. 3*. t. s. d. 6. 2. 5 §• inde 66 s. 8d. 46. 15. 9 J. > 35- 6. 10 d. 6. 10. 9! id. inde 6 s. 8d. 8. 13. 5. Emneth Villa valet in Redd et Firm t tentog ibm p ann APPENDIX TO Repris' in Redd resolu? dno Epo Elien dno duci Norff p p'ore de Lewys Mfo Hogerd Simeon Fyncbm Jolli Blewik et Thome FynctSm p annu in toto Et valet claf per annii Upwell Villa - ) . . • in Com' Cant & Norff/ valet 111 Redd Assis' et Firm terf et tentog ibm p annii - Owtwell vitt in Com' Cant et Norff . . . valet in Firma Domus et Scitus nup Celle de Mollicourte cu Boxstedf t oinib3 terf et tenement' ibm p annu ------- Repris' in Redd resolut dno Epo Elien et at p ami 4s. 3d. Pencon' solut dno Epo Norwicen p ann 3 s. 4d. Feod Nicfti Harbrugh ibm 1 in Emneth et Upwell p ann 20 s. Et valet claf p ann Com' Norff. Teryngton valet in Reddit' ibm sciiit in pcio 46 qftef Salis Collect t delibat p manus tenen ville ibm arentat Comunib3 annis ad Fodeston MaSiu valet in Redd Assis' ibm p ann 4 s. Firm MaSij ibm dim Wiltmo Conyngsby Milit p Indentur p annii 46 s. 8 d. Firm unius Incti olim Rector ibm p ann 30 s. Repris' in Quadm Pencon solut Epo Norwicen p ann - Et valet clar p ann Wigenhale Lyn Downtim et Pultim valet in Firm 1 mes' et 24 acr terr in Wygenhale dim Humfrido Kervett p Indentur 14 s. Firm 1 Tenti in Lyn dim Thome Myller p Indentur p annu 3 s. 4d. Firrn 1 Tenti in Downhm in tenur Rici Byftm p annu 3 s. 4d. Firm cert terr et tent' in Puiftm dim div^s pson p annu 13 s. 4d. Com' Cant SwarThm valet in Redd Assis' et Firm terf et tento? ibm p annii 13! 15 s. | Firm Maner et Rector ibm dim Jobni Bacchus p Indentur p annii scitit in pcio 50 qrter frumenti pV qrtef 6 s. °t 50 qrt ordei pc' qrter 2 s. 8d. in toto 2ii. 13 s. 4d. Pquis' Cuf ibm coiiiunib3 annis 26s. 8d. Repris' in Feod Wittmi Smyth Ballivi ibm p ann 20 s. Pencon' solut Vicario ibm in Augment' Bnfcij sui cu 12 s. in pV 2 qrt frumenti 1 5 s. 4d. pc' qrt ordei p annu 37 s. 4d. Et valet claf p annu SUPPLEMENT. *7 R p Rege Res r p Rege p ecctia. p ecctia. Burwell (concedit r Edwardo North armig?o p tras dni R pat) valet in Reddit Assis' et Firm terr et tentoj ibni p annu 40 s. 2 \ d. Firm Manlij de Dullyngnms °t 60 acr terr ibm dim Jotmi Wyott p Indent p ann 17 1. 13s. 4d. ^ 1 3*i- 2 t^- Redd cert terr in Man Francisc Lovett milit p armii 66 s. 8d, Repris' in Redd resolut porisse de Swaffnm t Francisc Lovett militi p annu - 2 s. 6d. Et valet clare p annu - - 1 3. 1 7 s. 8 f d. Iseltim valet in Firm Manlij de Uphall ibm dim Wittmo Lukyn p Indentuf p annu 12L ") i2t. 2 s. Pquis' Cuf ibm comunib3 annis is. J m de Repris' in Vestur firmaf ifem ex Convencoe p Indentur p annu - - - - 6 s. 8 d. Et valet clar p annu - - 11.154. valet i Redd Assis' T; firm terr et Tentog ibm p annu 1 8 ti. 8 s. 9 I d. j Firm Manly et Rector ibm dim Thome Taylo r p Indentur p annu 28 ti. { 47 18 pi Pquis' Cur ibm coinunib3 annis 30 inde Vendic Bosc ibm D° D° J Repris' in Feod Wittmi Murdon Ballivi ac Custod Bosco§ ibm p annu 36 s. 8 d. Pencone solut Vicar ibin in augmentacon bnfcij sui p annu 3 s. 4d. Pcuracon solut Archdiaconi Elien p annu j 2 s. Et valet clare p annu Northo in Shodycampis valet in Redd Assis' 1 firm terr et tento? ibm p annu - - - - - 23 s. 6 d. inde Repris in Feod Wittmi Murdon Collector redd et f irni ibm p annu - 1 2 d. Et valet clare p annu - - 22 s. 6 d. Wrattynge MaSiu cu Rectoria valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tento? ibm p annu 1 6 ti. 9 s. 4d. Firm Manlij ibm dim Joftm Cockerett p Indentur p annu 6 ti. Firm Rector ibm dim Thome Armigerd p Indentur cu 1 1 s. 4 \ d. in pcio 1 3 b3 f ri pc b3 xij d. et 13 b3 Ordei pc b3 4 \ d. p annu I4ti. 17s. iod. Pquis' Cuf ibm coinunib3 annis 6 s. 8d. 37. 14. 10. inde APPENDIX TO Repris' in Feod Wittmi Murdon Batti ibm p annu 26 s. 8d. Pencon solut Vicar ibm in Augmentacon sui p annu 70s. Et valet clare p annu Stapleford MaSiu cu Rectoria valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tento? ibm p annu 22 i. 8 s. 3^d. Firm Man] et Rectorie ibm dini Jotmi Goodman p Indentur' p annu 26 i. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib3 annis 10 s. 5d. Repris' in Feod Rot?ti Orton Ballivi ibm p ann 26s. 8d. Pencon solut Vicar ibm in Augmentacon' Bnfcij sui p annu 40 s. Et valet clare p annu Newton cu Hawkston valet in Reddus Assis' et firm terr et tento^ ibm p annu 42!. 6 s. 1 1 id. Firm MaSij ibm dim Joftni Swan p Indentur p annu 1 2 1. Firm Molendin aquatic de Hawkston dim eidm Jotmi p annu 4t. 6 s. 8d. Firm Molend aquatic de Hasyllyngfeld dim Edmund Champyon p In- dent p anii 40 s. Firm Rectorie ibm dim Nicbo Frevelt geSos° p Indentur p annu 1 6 1. P Cur ibm coinunib3 an 1 s, Repris' in Feod X'pofe? Peyton Balliv' ibm p anii 66 s. 8 d. Pencon solut Vicar ibm in Augmentacon' Bnf icij sui p annu 53 s. 4 d. Pencon solut Capellan celebranti in Capett de Newton p annu 40 s. Pencon solut Rector de Shelford pva p porcon' decimag ibm p annu 28 s. Pcuracon sot Archidiacon Elien p annu 1 2 d. Et valet clare p annu Softme valet in Firm Piscarie in mara ibm p annu ------- Melbo r ne cu Meldreth valet in Redd Assis' liWo? et Custum Tenen de Melbo'ne p annu 46 t. 3 s 2d. Firm MaSij et Rectorie de Melbo'ne dim Nicho Harvy p Indentur p annu 50 1. Firm Rector de Meldreth dim Rob^to Morley p Indentur p annu •26 1 13 s. 4d. Pquis' Cuf ibm coiiiunib3 annis 26s. 8 d. SUPPLEMENT. Repris' in Feod Nicfti Harvy Ballivi ibm p annu 40 s. 1 6 Expcns' Cur ibm ex Convencon cu firmar p Indentu? p annu 20 s. J Et valet clare p annii - - 121. 3. 2d. Whaddon valet in Redd cert Grano^ exeunt' de cert terr ibm mo' in tenur Jottnis More 1 Armig? et in lite existen p spaciu 40 annog et amplius p annu - - / 4t. 10 s. Driplowe valet in Firm unius Mes' et cert terr ibm dim Johm Ferro' p Indentuf p annu - 4t. 2 s. Cottyntim valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tento? ibm p annu 4L 3 s. 7d. 1 4! 4s 7d Pquis' Cur ibm comunil^ annis 1 2 d. ' i n de Repris' in Feod Wittmi Luke Collector Redd et firm ibm p annu - - - 6 s. 8 d. Et valet clare p annii - - 77s. lid. Villa Cant valet in Firm divV Tento§ ibm in divV pocft jacen ac div's pson de anno in annii dimifs' arentat p annu ad - 10. 11. to£. inde Repris' in Feod Nicfti Harbrugh Ballivi ibm p annu - - - - - 13 s - 4d. Et valet clare p annu. - - 9. 18. 6^- [ultra 40 s. p firma Rect Ecctie Sci Andree ibm assign' versus Stipend Capellan celebrantf? coram pochi- onalibj ibm] Foxton valet in Firm Rector ibm dim Joftni Fuller p Indentur p annii - 23 1. inde Repris' in Pencon solut Vicario ibm in Augmentacon' Bnfcij sui p annii - - 4. 13. 4. Et valet clare p annii - - 1 8. 6. 8. Ympyngton valet in Firma Rectorie ibm dim Wiftmo Skotte p Indentur cu i8d. de Redd 1 l . a \q, unius acf et 3 Rood terr ibm p annii J inde Repris' in Pencon solut Vicario ibm in Augmentacon' Enficij sui p annu - 5 1. Et valet clare p annu - - 6. 4. 10. Pencoes in Com' Cant valet in Pencoib3 rec de Rectoril^ divV Ecciiag in Com' Cant vidett Whaddon 3s. 4d. Stanton longa 6s. 8d. Wykthn 2od. Grancestf 2s. Cax- \ 25s. 4d. ton 20 d. et Bassyngbo'ne 10 s. p an in toto X 10* APPENDIX TO Repris' in Feod Jofinis Redeman Collector Pencon pdict p annu - - - 13 s. 4$. Et valet clare p annu - - 12 s. p ecctia. Com' Essex Hadnm pva in Com' Essex valet in Porcone Decimag extra Rectoriam ibm p an - - - * 20 s. p ecctia. Lytlebury in dco Com' valet in Porcon Decima? rec de Rector ibm p annu 33s. 40*. Firm Mahlij de Burdues ibm dim Thome Taylo r p Indentur p annu \ ' l 2. 16. 8. ni 3s. 4d. J Repris' in Redd resolut dno Epo Elien ad MaSiu suu de Lytlebury p annu - 23 s. 4(1. Com' Hunt. p ecctia. Blunteshm in Com' Hunt valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et Tent ibm p annu I4t. 12 s. iod. "A Firm Manlij de Stokkyng ibm dim Thome Dunholt p Indentur p annu 5t. I Pquis' Cuf ibm comunibj annis 13 s. 4d. / 20, ^j n( jg Vendicon' Subbosc ibm comunib3 annis 3 s. 4 d. J ft ex Repris' in Reddresoluto dno Epo Elien p annu 3 s. 8 d. x Feod Thome Newton Ballivi ibm p anh 20 s. j 2 ^ s ' Et valet clare p annu - - 19. 5. 10. Com' Suff. p ecctia. Lakynghith Maneriu cu Rectoria (conceditur Edvvardo North armig?o p tras R) valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tentoj ibm p annu 29! 13 s. 5d. Firm Mariij et Rectorie ibm dim Simeon Steward p Indentur p annu 20 1. Firm Warenn' Cuniclog ibm dim eidm Simeon p Indentur p annu 2ot. 16s. 8d. Firm MaSij de Undeley dim p>dco Simeone p Indentur p annu I3t. 6s. 8d. Agistamcnt Anlaliu in quodm Marisc ibm vocat Stallode coib3 annis 26 s. 8d. -Pquis' Cur ibm coib3 annis 57 s. Repris' in Feod Simon Steward Ballivi ibm p annu ------ Et valet clare p annu - 5«. inde 40 s. 0. 5- SUPPLEMENT. *11 p ecctia. Kentford valet in Firm unius et cert Terr ibm dim Jofini Welfim p Indentur p annu p ecctia. Nedefim valet in Firm unius Tenti et cert Terr ibm dim Thome Barker p Indentur p annu 33 s. 4&. Firm unius pastur ibm vocat Bosmere dim Rob?t©i Knape p Indentur p annu 53 s. 4 d. p ecctia. Wynston MaSiu cu Rectoria valet in Reddit Assis' et firm terf et tento§ ibm p annu lit. 13s. 4d. Firm MaSij 1 Rectorie ibm dim Alicie Thowaytf vidue p Indentur p annii 1 1 t. Pquis' Cur ibm coibj annis 14 s. 8d. Vendicon' Bosc ibm comunib3 annis 20 s. Repris' in Feod Wittmi Thowaytf? Ballivi ibm p annu 20 s. Pencon solut Vicar ibm in Augmentacbn' Bnficij sui p ann 26 s. 8d. Pencon solut Dno Epo Norwicen p ann 5 s. 4d. Et valet clare p annu 4t. 6 s. 8d. 24 1. 8 s. inde 21. 1. 6. 4ct. Berngtim valet in Reddit Assis' et Firm terr et tentog ibm p annu 23 1. 10s. 9I d. Firm MaSij ibm dim Johni Suthwell p Indentur p annu lot. 13s. Pencon rec de Rectore ibm p annu 20 s. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib3 annis lis. 7 d. Repris' in Feod Jotinis Suthwell Ballivi ibm p annii - Et valet clare p annu Stoke MaSiii valet in Redd Assis' et Firm terf et teritog ibm p annii iji. 16s. id. Pquis' Cur ibm comunibj annis 3 s. 4d. Repris' in Feod Wittmi Bambrugh Batt ibm p annii - Et valet clare p annu Kyngston Mabliu valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tento^ ibm p annii y\. 21 |d Pquis' Cur ibm coibj annis 20 d. Repris' in Allone Redd unius Tenementi ibm p Colleccoe Redd et firm ibm coib3 annis Et valet clare p annii X 2 1 35. 15. .8f- inde 23 s. 4d. 34. 2. 4f- } 17. 19-. 5- J inde 33 s. 4 d. i(it. 6s. id. } 7- 3. 51- inde I 6 s. 8d. 6. 16. 9f. 12* APPENDIX TO p ecctia. p ecctia. p rege. p ecctia. p ecctia. Melton MaSiu valet in Redd Assis' et firm Terr et Tento? ibm p annu 1 8 t Firm Moti aquatici ibm dim Simoni Bretyngftm p annu 4t. Pencon Recept de Rector ibm p annu ios. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib^ annis 18s. 4d. Vendicon Bosci ibm c6ib3 annis 6 s. 8d. Repris' in Feod Jofinis Garlond Ballivi ibm p annu - - - Et valet clare p annu 24. 6. 3. inde 21s. 8 d. 22. 14. 7. Dunwyche valet in Redd div's Allec' de Elemosina dni Regis ibm p manus burge vitt \bm p annu Repris' in Feod Joftnis Toppisfeld Collector ibm p annu - Et valet clare p annu Sudborne MaSiu valet in Redd Assis' et firm terr et tentog ibm p annu 24! 5 s. 6§d. Firm divV Mariscog ibm p annu 6t. 12 s. 4 d. Firm Marisc voc cu quodm Bosc voc Skutgravewood dim Marco Galon p Indentur p annu 4t Firm MaSij ibm dim Thome Rushe Milit p Indent p annu 4 ti. Pencon Rcbrie ibm p annii 10 s. Pquis' Cur ibm comunib3 annis 53 s. 4d. 4i Repris' in Feod Wittmi Bambrugh Batt ibm p an 40 s. Expens' Cur ibm ex convencon' cu firmar p Indentur p annu 40 s, Et valet clare p annu Lib^tas Suff valet in Firm quinq^ hundred et di ibm vidett Plemesgate Carleford Wilford Trillyng Colneyse °t Lose dim Holdych Armig?o p Indentur p annu 16 d. inde - 16 d. 4t. .} 42. 1. 4l af. inde 38. Civitas London valet in Firm Hospicij voc Le Bell infra Newgate London dim Thome Martyne p Indentur p annu I2t. Firm unius Tenti sup Corhlam exoppoit' Gracions church dim Thome Wryght p Indent p annu 40 s. Redd 2 Tentog apud Brokynwarff p man Decani et Capitli Sci Pauli ibm p annu 46 s. 8 d. j SUPPLEMENT. *13 Redd unius Tenti in Woodstrete p Man Gardian Ecctie -Sci Micfois ifom p annu 6 s. 8d. Firm j incti in Holborne pone niann dni Epi Elien ifom dim Jofri Goodryke 1 Witto Brian p Indentur p annu 60s. Res r p Rege. Cella de Spynney in Com' Cant. Wykyn in Com' Cant valet in Redd Assis' et firm et terr et tentof custum ifom p annu Firm Piscaf ifom p annu 40 s. Firm Rectorie ifom p annu 9 t. 17 s. 2 d. Firm cert terr et tentog voc Cottons p annu 40 s. Repris' in Sinodo solut dno Epo Norwicen p ann 20 s. Pcurac Archidiacon de Sudbury p ann 7s. ~l d •Pcuracon Decan de Fordftm p annu 2 s. 8 d. Feod Balliv p annu 8 s. 4d. Et valet clare p annu .... Spynney in Com' Cant valet in Firm terr dnicat ifom p ann Sotim in Com' Cant valet in Finn unius acr 1 1 Rod terr ifom p ann Firm Piscaf in Mara ifom p ann Ely infra Insut Elien valet in Redd Assis' duog Tentog ifom p ann 5 s. Firm unius Tenti ifom dim Thome Fewtrez p Indentur p annu 5 s. Villa Cant valet in Redd triu Tentog in Cant p annu - - - - - - 16 s. 8 d. Wisbich valet in Firm 40 acr terr Marisci ifom dim pan - - - - 12 s. Snaelweil in Com' Cant valet in Redd 4 tentog in Snaylwett p ann 13 s. Firm unius Mes' et cert terr ifom dim George Braunche p Indentur I 4*. 13 s - p anii 4t. J 50 s. 8d. 16. 7. 10. inde 43 s. 7 id. 14* APPENDIX TO Concedunt* Edwardo North Armig?o p litteras dni Regis patefi p rege p rege Asheley in Com' Cant valet in -> Firm unius Tenti et cert terr ir)m voc Canams dim Jotini Cropley f p Indentur p annu London valet in Firm unius Mes' in Chepesyde itim voc le Unycorne dim Joftni I Broke p Indent p annu Soterton MaSiu valet in Redd et Firm terf et Tento? custum ibm p annu Repris' in Feod Ranulphi Crwe Ballivi iftm p annu 26 s. 8d. Stipend Capellan Cantaf celebrant apud Putteney in Com' Surf 10 66 s. 8 d. 13. 4d. 24. 3 iof. inde R ex Feod et Annuitat in Quadm Annuitate dno Thome Duci Norff concess' Sigillu capitli p annu 6t. 13s. 4d. Annuitate dno Carolo Duci Suff concess' p Sigillu Capitli p annu 5 1. Annuitate Gregorio Crumwell dno Crumwett p Sigillu Capitli p annu 5t. Feod Rob?ti Pay ton Militis Senescatt Cur in Com' Cant p annu 40 s. Feod Henrici Lukas GeSos' Sen" Cuf infra Insula Elien p IiyJ - 3 - ntur Sigillu Capitli p annu 106 s. 8d. Corrodio Brekett ex dono dni Regis p Sigillu Capitli p annu 45 s. 6d. Ann te Rici Alee Lathami p Sigillu Capitli p annu 40 s. Feod Marci Galon auditoris i^m p anii lot. Annuitat Anthonij Byngefeld Milit duran bnptit' p annu 20 s. Annuitat Humfredi Byngefeld Milit p consilio p confirmacion lib?tatf Suff nup Monaster Elien ptinen durant ftnptit' p annu 20 s. Annuitate Jofinis Hynde sjent' dni Regis ad Legem p bono Consilio s' p ann 40 s. Et valet ultior clare p annu H2at. 7s. p ccctia. Rectorie psentabit in Com' Suff. Sudborne cu Capella de Orforde - - - - 30 1. Stoke jux a Gyppin - - - - - - - lot. Melton 16 1. Berngfim - - - - - - - - -18 1. in Com' Cant et infra Insut Wentvvorth - - - - - - - - lot. Mepalle 5 t. SUPPLEMENT. *15 ecctia. ecctia. ecctia. p rege p ecctia. p ecctia. p ecctia. Rector de Ely improp'at. Ecctia ftte Marie dc Ely cu Capella See Trinitatis ibm remanen in man nup p'or' ibm Vicar psentabit infra Insut y r . - 8t. - 13 1. 6 s. 8d. - 6t. 13 s, 4d. - 6t. Wichm - Sutton Witlesey "Wychffordc Vicarie p'scntabit Com' Cant Melbo'ne - - - - - 20 ti. Meldreth - - 1 ti. Hawkeston cu Capett de Newton - 14 ti. Stapleforde - 1 ti. - 8 ti. - 8 ti. Stechworth - - 8 ti. Ecctia Sci Andree in Cant - 4 ti. Com' Suff. Lakynghith Wynston 8t. 8 ti. Sm 8 To tlis clari Vat omiu terf et possession^ fPdcag p annu t 1293. 18. 20 ob. iSij de dno Rege p Edwardum North Armig?um vidett de claro valore MaSij de Stunteney rect d - o.. ibm exceptf 24 : 20 claro valore Manij de Haddenfrme 1 claro valore MaSij de Burwell 1 2 : 1 7 : 8 q. claro valore Stechworth 44 : 1 7 : 9 q. claro valore MaSii de Undeley infra MaSiu de Lakynghithe 1 3 1. 6 s. 8 d. claro valore de MaSij de Assheley pcett Cett de Spynney 66 s. 8 d. et claro valore unius Mes' infra Civitatem London pcett ejusdem Celt 4t. 13 s. 4d. in toto p annu Et rem ultra clare p annu t. 116. ii77 : 13- 4- De quib^ &c. * " Candilcorne Sylv 5 ." This was a tax imposed by Bishop Longchamp upon every acre of land in his Episcopal demesnes, throughout his Manors, of one Sheaf of Corn for every acre ; to provide Tapers and Candles used in Divine Service; which was afterwards settled at an Annual Rent of <£. 10. 13s. 4c?. still paid to the Church, called Candle-corn- Silver. Vide History, Vol. I. p. 127. J " Elyffarthings." In 1154, every inhabitant of Chesterton who kept a fire, paid one Farthing to St. Peter's Altar in Ely Cathedral ; and a fourth part of this tax paid by Chesterton and Grantcestre, originally given to Ely by the King, when Lord of both these towns, used to be paid to the Castle of Norwich by the name of Ely Ward Penny. Blomefeld's Collect. Cant. 16* APPENDIX TO (2.) — From an original Record in the Augmentation Office. De fundatione Domus Cartusien' London' UrbanilS 1 Eps Servus Servo? Dei Venerabili fratri . . . Archiepo Cantuarien Satt' et aplicam ben Hijs per que divini Cultus nominis posset augeri benivolum impartimur assensum illaq^ libenter favore prosequimur oportuno Sane peticio pro parte venerabilis fratris nri Simonis Epi Londinen 1 et dilecti filij nobilis viri Waited de Manne Militis Norwicen Dioc nobis nuper exhibita continebat qd dudum in partibus Anglicanis invalescente mortalitatis peste 1 quidam locus desertus extra Xivitatem Londinen consistens pro sepultura defuncto^ ne eog corpora vivos inficerent auctoritate bone memorie Michaelis Epi Londinen dedicatus et deputatus fuit in quo viginti milia corpora hujusmodi defunctog et ultra sunt sepulta et qd postmodum idem Miles predicti Michaelis Epi auctoritate in predicto loco quandam Capellam suis proprijs sumptibus et expensis construxit et ibidem certi Capellani ut pro animabus defuncto? celebrarent eadem auctoritate fuerut instituti qdq^ ijdem Miles et Michael Eps caritatis et devotionis instinctu accensi quedam Domum in qua Monachi Cartusien Ordinis imoretur cum pauci Domus dicti Ordinis in Anglia fore noscantur in prefato loco qui ad Hospitale paupe^ Sancti Bartholoinei Londonien pertinet fundare construere et cum omnipotentis Dei adjutorio dotare disposuerunt et ad hoc dictus Miles multa preparavit et prefatus Michael Eps certas pecunias assignavit Et qd etiam dictus Miles Manerium suum Stretlee Elien Dioc de consensu illo§ quog consensus in hac parte requiritur dicto Hospitali pro loco supradicto et pertinencijs ejusdm ad usumet modum hujusmodi Cartusien dare disposuit Et qd Manerium ipm venerabili fratri nro . . . Epo Elien et ejus Elien Ecctia certa Servicia prestare tenetur quare pro parte dicti Symonis Epi de cujus persona dicto Michaele Epo vita functo Londinen Ecciie auctoritate aplica fuit provisum ac Militis pre- dictor nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum ut cum prefatus Elien Eps hujusmodi donationl dicti Manerij ad usum prefatum propter juramen turn per eum de non alienandis bonis mense sue Epalis Elien Roman Pontifice inconsulto prestitum consentire non possit Ipiq^ Symon Ej5s et Miles predicto Elien Epo pro dictis Servicijs sufficientem recompensationem facere sint parati eidem Epo Elien consenciendi donationi predicte licenciam concedere dignaremur Nos itaq^ hujusmodi supplicationibus inclinati fraternitati tue de cujus circumspectionis industria in hijs et alijs specialem in domino fiduciam obtinemus per aplica scripta comittimus et mandamus quatinus si facta recompensatione sufficienti juxta discretionem tuam pro Servicijs supradictis Epo Elieii et mense sue Epali predictis tibi videatur qd hujusmodi sit licencia concedenda super quibus tuam conscientiam oneramus eidem Epo consenciendi donationi dicti Manerij ad usum prefatum non obstante juramento pre- dicto auctoritate aplica licenciam largiaris Dat' apud Montemflasconem ij. Id Maij Pontificatus nri anno septimo 4 . ' Urban the Fifth. ' Simon Langham, Abbot of Westminster, was elected to the See of London, but had not occupied it. He was appointed Bishop of Ely, and consecrated 1362. * The great Plague in 1349 and 1350. See Notes, pp 87, 88. * Pope Urban V. was advanced to the Papacy in 1362 ; and this Record is dated in his seventh year. SUPPLEMENT. (3.) From the Original in the Augmentation Office. Eximijs et honorand Viris Dno Thesaurar Cancellar Baronibus Scaccarij illustrissime in Xpo principis Dne nre Elizabethc Dei gracia Anglie Franc et Hibernie Regine Fidei Defensoris &c. et alijs- Ministris p Regiam Majestatu in Cur Scaccarij pred legitime deputat' quibuscunq^ Ricftus pvidenc divina Epus Elien Reverenc debitara et condigna cu honore Cum nos Epus antedict' ad collectionem tertie solucion cujusdm Subsid in pliament' apud Westm tent' anno quinto Regni Dne Regine nunc a Clero concess et debit' infra Dioces nram Elien ultimo die mensis Septembris ultimo preterit' aucthoritate ac vigore ejusdm Actus pliament' sufficienter admissi et constitut' sumus Nos itaq^ vim et effectu ejusdm Actus et Ordinacionis quantu in nobis est pimplere cupicntes circa hujusmodi Collectionem earn qua potuim 9 adhibuim 9 diligent* ac Subsid pred ab Incumbentib 9 et ad domos habitationu quogdm Clericog infra Dioces nram pred (quog beneficiog noia cu seperabilib 9 Sumis sup ea taxat' in quactm Scedula presentib 9 ahex continent' juxta exigenc Actus pliament' pred hide edit' exigi et peti fecim 9 Nicholominus aliqui Rcores Bencficiog et pmocionii pred sicut pfertur ad Subsid sua solvend licite requisit' solvere tarnen recusavere et adhuc recusant ac alij ob exilitatu Beneficio^ suo§ solvere non valuerunt nec valent Et. a quibusdm alijs Benefices Subsid pred levare non potuim 9 ob vacatione eogde De quo$; Beneficiog Subsid juxta dicti Actus pliament' exigent' exonerari petim 9 Et insup noia diverso? Curatog Stipend sive Salar ecctiastica infra Dioces nram capient' quog Subsid tunc tempis debit' recepi et levari fecim 9 in dicta Scedula huic ariex unacu Sumis de eisdm recept' p Subsid pred juxta formam diet' Actus Concessionis simili? continent' Que omnia et singula put in dicta Scedula psentib 9 aiiexa vris Reverentijs transmittim 9 et certificam 9 p psentes In quo£ f idem et testimoniu sigillu. nfm presentib3 est appensm Dat' xij mo die Januarij A Dni secundm computacione Ecciie Anglicane Miltio quingent' sexagesimo quinto Elien Dioces Noia cu Subsid pmocionii et Benef icio§ ecctiastico^ ibm quo? Incumbent' licite juxta ejfectm Actus pliament' in hoc Casu edit' requisit' Subsid sua tamen non solverunt ut P3 inferius Viz Subsid Rcor de Newton --------- - xxxiij s. ix d. Vicar de Abynton pva - - - - xiij s. ij d. q Vicar de Hinxton --------- - xiiij s. x d. ob. Vicar de Tadlowe - - - - - - - - - xij s. iiij d. q Sum § lxxiiij s. ij d. Noia etiam cu Subsid eo? beneficio? et pmocionii spiritual ibm qu6§ Subsid ob vacatione eo^dem levare non potuim 9 Viz Vicar de Elm cu Elmneth - xxvj s. viij d. ob. Rcor de Childerleye xj s. vij d. oft Vicar de Swff m Bulbeck - xxix s. viij d. ob. Vicar de Swf f m p'or - - - - xxx s. vj d. Sum § iiij ti. xviij s. vj d. ob. Y 18* APPENDIX TO Manef de Hatjelld in manib3 Dne Regine - Cxv s. vi d. Imppriat* Mfo 1 *&22P - - - - i«jti.xi,j,ob. Cantabrig J Subsid Cticog Stipendar p nos rec una cu eo§ sepabilib 9 Vadijs sive Stipend inferius continet' d Dno Petro Tye Curat' Ecctie pochialis See Trinitatf Elien capien'\ 1 * r V J S - V11 J^- vijti. xnjs. nijd. p ann - - - - - - . J J J d Dno Wittmo Marshall Curat' de Thetford capient' vjti. pann - - vjs. viijd. d Dno Henrico Goodwyn Cur de Dytton capient' xti. p ann - - xs. d Dno Thoma Hamond Cur de Ballsllm capient' p ann vjti. - - vjs. viijd. d Dno Nicfto Mott Curat' Ecctie beate Marie Virgis Elien capient'l . ... , \ vis. vnid. pann vjti. J JJ Ecclia Cathis Eliens Subsid juxt' effectm infra specificat' Actus Concessionis taxat' et levat de pmocionib 9 eccleiastici iftm Viz d decano ibrn habent' p Stipendio suo p ann Cxxti. cuius Subside ,. . * ■ i- j > xil - XV J S - Viz nona ps ejusdm extendit ad - - - - - - -J d octo majorib 9 Canonicis sive jJbendar quolibt eos habent' p ann xxti.l ...... J s Xllljtl. vnjs. in toto Clxti. cujus nona pars ------ _J viijli _ _ xvjs. ^ _ xvjs. d subsid octo mino§ Canonicog unius Evangelist' unius Epistolar Lectoris ixti. xij s. xl s. xxiiij s. xvj s. Sacre Theologie Mfi Scole gramatic Subpedagog Scolar gramatic^ Choristar Cantatog Laico^ et alioj; Servient' et Ministrog in Ecclia \ Catft pred nichil levari fecim 9 Eo qd p dictm Actm Concess exonerant 1 d quog subsid igit r exonerari petim 9 - Sum § xxv ti. iiijs. Libat' octavo die February anno octavo Elizafr R e p manus Rici Massey SUPPLEMENT. *19 AFTER the First Fruits and Tenths of all Ecclesiastical Benefices had long been paid to the See of Rome, they were granted by Pope Innocent xxn. to Henri/ in. in 1253, for Three years ; and the Year following, a Taxation took place, called The Norwich Taxation, or " Pope Innocent's Valor." Pope Nicholas the Vth. granted the Tenths for Six years to Edward I. to defray the Expences of the Expedition to the Holy Land; which produced another Taxation in 1288. Some part of the Province of York was taxed anew in 1318, because the Clergy of the Border Counties were unable to pay the former Tax on account of the Invasion of the Scots. But by the Taxation of Pope Nicholas, in 1291, all the Taxes of the King, as well as the Pope, were regulated, until the Survey in the 26th year of Henri/ vm. And all the Statutes of Colleges which were founded before the Reformation, are interpreted by this criterion ; according to which their Benefices, under a certain value, are exempted from the Restriction, in the Statute of Henri/ vm. concerning Pluralities. (4.) Taxatio Eliefi Dioc" (8l) ' Taxatio Ecctiar' Dyos' Eliens' aucte Wynton' t Line' Epor' facta Decanatus de Ely. Ecctia de Duntim cu' porcoe Prioris de £. Ely ------ 20 Vicaria Ecctie de Litelport indecimabil' 5 Ecctia de Coven' 5 Ecctia de Wycham - - - - 1 3 Vicar' ejusdem 4 Ecctia de Sutton - - - - 12 Vicar' ejusdem - Ecctia de Hadenham Annex' i Ecctia de Sttfim (*) - Arch' s Ecctia de Wylburton - Elien' J £ cc ft a Wynteworth Ecctia de Wychford - Ecctia de Chateriz Ecctia de Dodyngton Ecctia de Wytles' Bte Mar' Vicar' ejusdem - Ecctia Sci Andree de Wytles' Ecctia Bte 'Marie de Ely cu'capella See Crucis ------ Ecctia de Mephale - Vicar' Sci Andree de Witlese - ( c ) (83) 3 Sir? totius decanatus 352 o o (') 0(82) 36 - 16 53 s. d. 6 8 13 4 '3 4 14 4 13 4 13 4 \3 4 13 4 6 8 6 8 6 8 ( a ) Strahm. C) 26 13 4 ( c ) 10 o o ( d ) 34t 6 8 (81) (R. O.) Ver' Rolu* Original' (82) (R. O.) 36 13 4 (83) (R. O.) 3 6 8 Elian' Sp' 42 40 85 O 26 13 6 13 17 o 5 Decanatus de Wysebech Ecctia de Tyd - Ecctia de Newton - Ecctia de Leveryngton Ecctia de Wysebech - Vicaria ejusdem - Ecctia de Elm cu' -capella de Emneth Pensio Prioris de Lewes in dca ecctia Decima istius pensionis decet'o exig'e deb' de Rectore Ecctie de Elm ob causam annotat' in memord' anni 46'* int' recorda de tmo Sci Micfris ex parte Rem' Reg' Sni a totius decanatus 222 6 8 Decanatus de Cestreton. Ecctie de Hokyton - - - - 17 6 8 Vicaria ejusdem - 5 Portio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 1 6 8 Ecctia omn' Scor' de Stanton 33 6 8 Ecctia Sci Micftis ejusdem 13 6 8 Ecctia de Wyvelingthn - 26 13 4 Ecctia de Cotenham - 40 Pensio Prioris de Bernewell in eadm - 1 Ecctia Sci Andree de Hyston 17 6 8 Portio Prioris de Bernewell in ecctia Sci Andree de Hyston - 2 Ecctia de Hyston Arjbis - 20 Vicaria Ecctie de Hyston ABbis - 4 6 8 Y 2 Ecctia 20* APPENDIX TO pcip Paup' Paup' ( e ) 25 ( f ) G ret ton. O430 16 "s (84) (R. O.) 35 6 Ecctia de Overe - - ( e ) (84) ■ Porcio Afibis de Ramesie in eadem Ecetia de Maddyngl' - i Ecctia de Drayton _ - - - 5 Pensio Arjbis de Croyland in eadem - 013 Ecclia de Grytton ( f ) - - - 36 13 Porcio Arjfeis de Sco Albano in eadem - 1 1 3 4 Ecctia de Rampton' - - - - 1 o Porcio Prioris de Bemewell in eadem - 268 Ecctia de Middelton - - - - 15 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 368 Ecctia de Landbech - - - -1000 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 100 01 jPorcio Prioris de Bermondeseie in eadem 10 o Ecctia de Cestreton - - - - 53 6 8 Vicar' ejusdem - - - -600 Ecctia de Waterbech - - - 13 6 8 Vicar ejusdem - - - 4 J 3 4 Porcio' Prioris de Swavesei in eadem - 1134 Ecctia de Impeton - - - -1600 Vicar' ejusdem - - - 4 t> 8 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in cadcm - 100 Vicar' de Maddingelie - - -400 Sm a totius decanatus 434 16 8 ( s ) Decanatus Cantebr' Ecctia fete Marie Cantebr' - - - 4 6 8 Pensio Prioris de Bernewell in Ecctia Sci . Edwardi Cantebreg' indecimabil' - 0134 Ecctia Sci Benedci Cantebr' - - 6134 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in Ecctia Sci Botulphi Cantebr* indecimabil' - 2134 Vicaria ejusdem Ecctie - - - 2 13 4 Pensio ejusdem in Ecctia Sci Jofiis Cantebr' indecimabil' - - - - -100 Vicaria ejusdem Ecctie - - - 2134 Ecctia Sci Andree ejusdem - -434 Ecctia Sci Edwardi Cantebr' - - 2134 Ecctia Sci Petri extra portas de Trumpyton 700 Ecctia onin Scor' ad castrum ejusdem - 4134 Ecctia Sci Egidii ejusdem - - - 6 13 4 Ecctia onin Scor' de Eulburn - - 30 13 4 Vicaria ejusdem - - - - 6134 d. £. s. I 8 Ecctia Sci Vigor' ejusdem - - *3 13 4 4 Ecctia de Hynton - 30 8 Ecctia de Theversftm (85) 21 6 8 Ecctia de Dytton - 26 13 4 4 4 (') Ecctia de Bernewell 1 Decanatus Cantebr'. Prior de Bernewell pcipit in Ecctia Sci Sepulchri Cantebr' in pensione - Abbas de Derlim pcipit in Ecctia See Trinitat' Cantebr' noie rector' - Prior de Pamfeld pcipit in poch' de Fulborn Sci Vigoris in dec' Idem pcipit in poch' de Teversllm in decimis - Sm a totius Decanatus 180 11 Decanatus de Shenegeye. 064 3 6 Ecctia de Mildeburn - - 41 6 8 Vicaria ejusdem - - 5 6 8 Ecctia de Melreth - - 20 6 Vicaria ejusdem - - - .. - 5 6 8 Ecctia de Whaddon - - 24 4 4 Portio Prioris de Lewes in eadem 2 10 Cancellat' ob cam annotat' in memor' - Anni 28* R' E' itii int' recorda de tmo .. Pasche. . Vicar' Ecctia de Wendexe indecimabilis 4 13 4 Ecctia de Bassyngburne Porcio Prioris Rumburig ( k ) in eadem Vicar' ejusdem - . - - . , - 4 60 3 4 20 Ecctia de Lytlyngton - - Ecctia de Stepelmordon - - - 66 13 Ecctia de Geldenmordon - - - 30 Vicar' ejusdem - - . - - - 4 13 Ecctia de Abyngton - ' - - - 613 Ecctia de Clopton - - - - 10 o Ecctia de Esthatell - - - 5 3 Ecctia de Craweden - - - - 1 3 6 Ecctia de Thadelawe - . - - - 13 6 Porcio Arjbis de. Sees in Ecctia de Shenegeye indecimabil' - - - 110 Rector de Clopton pcipit ( k *) in Ecctia de Esthatle - - - - 2 ( h ) 31 6 8 (*) Cap'lla. ( k ) Ruinbrurgh. (85) (R. O.) 21 6 ( i# ) Pontcfcld. ( k *) pcipit in decis. Item SUPPLEMENT. *21 Elien' Sp' £. s. d. Item pcipit ( k -| ) in paroch' de Crandon in decis o 16 o Prior de Cruce Roys pcipit in Crandene in dec' prati - - - - - 030 Sin* totius Decanat' 344 8 8 (') Seddchacsufnadeb' decidereX-2 10 p pens' Prioris de Lewes in Ecctia de Waddon supius cancellat' ob causam it)m allegat'. Decanatus de Brunne. Ecctia de Caldccote - 8 Ecctia de Gravell' - 10 Ecctia de Pappe worth Agneys 10 Porcio Prioris de Huntedon 3 Ecctia de Pappeworth Everard 10 Porcio Prioris de Swaveseie in eadem ( m ) (86) 1 16 8 Ecctia de Fendrayton - 10 Ecctia de Swaveseie - - - - 33 6 8 Vicar' ejusdem - 8 13 4 Ecctia de Bokesworth - 26 13 4 Ecctia de Elesworth - 30 Porcio Prioris de Sco Ivone in eadem - 6 13 4 Ecctia de Lolleworth - 10 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 15 Ecctia de Knapperwell - 10 Ecctia de Childerl' - 10 Ecctia de Gamelyngeie cu' pensionibus 23 6 8 Ecctia de Hunghatell' ... 5 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in Ecctia de Hunghatell' - - - - - 5 Ecctia de Conyton - 8 13 4 Ecctia de Croxton - 16 13 4 Ecctia de Stowe - 13 6 8 Ecctia de Caxton - - - l6 13 4 Ecctia de Eltesl' 23 6 8 Ecctie de Brunne .... 28 Vicaria ejusdem - _ _ 5 Ecctia de Grantesden - 18 Ecctia de Kyngeston - 10 13 4 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 2 .Ecctia de Everesdon Magna - - 13 & 8 Ecctia de Everesdon pva - 6 13 4 Porcio Priorissede Markyate in eadem - 3 6 8 Ecctia de Herdwyk - 10 13 4 Ecctia de Toft - - - Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem Porcio Prioris de Swaveseie ifem - Elien' Sp' £. s. d. 800 2 6 8 ( k t) pcipit in deciinis. C) h 6 8 ( 1 ) 343 7 (86) (R. O.) 1 ( m# ) Fendrayton. ( n ) 404 o o (°) Grantesete. ( p ) Haselyngfeld Abbi Eboi' app'ta. Decanatus de Brunne. Prior Sci Neoti pcipit inCroxton in dec' 113 4 Prior de Huntingdon pcipit ibidem in dec' 050 Prior de Swaveseye pcipit in.Fendray- ston ( m# ) in dec' prati - - -020 Srn a totius Decanat' 406 O 4 ( n ) Decanatus de Berton. Ecctia de Berton - Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - Vicar' ejusdem - Ecctia de Shelford Magna Ecctia de Shelford pva - Ecctia de Fulmer - Ecctia de Trippelawe - Ecctia de Shepereth - - - - Ecctia de Barenton - - - " Ecctia de Stapelford - Vicaria ejusdem - - Ecctia de Malketon - Ecctia de Grantesere (°) - Porcio Prioris Sci Neoti in eadem ' Porcio Aht)is de Sees in Ecctia de Ar- myngton indecimabil' Ecctia de Cotes - Porcio Prioris de Bernewelle in eadem - Ecctia de Orewell - Ecctia de Haselyngfeld ( p ) Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - Vicaria ejusdem - Ecctia de Foxton - - - - Vicaria ejusdem - Ecctia de Wynepoll - - Porcio Prioris de Swaveseie in eadem -10 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - o l o Ecctia de Harlton - - - 6 13 Porcio Prioris de Longa Villa in eadem 2 o Ecctia de Combton - - - - 20 o Vicaria ejusdem - - - 4 3 Ecctia de Trumpiton - - - 20 o Vicaria ejusdem - . - . - - 50 26 13 o 4 4 13 26 13 10 13 30 o 28 13 13 6 40 o 12 4 3 8 o 21 6 1 6 C 13 4 16 13 38 13 1 4 4 6 21 13 5 22 13 Porcio 22* APPENDIX TO Elien' Sp' s. d. Porcio ArJbis Sci Albani in eadem 3 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem Porcio Prioris de Lewes in eadem 3 Ecctia de Hawkeston cu' capell' de New- 13 6 8 Vicaria ejusdem * 4 6 8 Ecctia de Hardleston - 13 6 8 Vicaria ejusdem - - - - 4 8 6 Decanatus de Berton' Prior de Swaneseye pcipit in decimis de uno motio in Grantesete - 1 Item pcipit in Arnington in decimis — 12 Scolares Epi Elien C|ui sunt Rector Ecctie Sci Petri extra portam de Trumpeton in Cantebr pcipiunt ft ^ in rip fri'iintpQpl" — — » 111 LlUClllct VJldlllCoCt 5 ^>Trl a tntiiic TYpr-imntnc A Kn l A f\ pi\ O III tUllllo XvCCdllcllUo £^.^y\J I ^ \J 1 J Decanatus de Caumpes Ecctia de Stowe - 10 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 2 Ecctia de Wilburtim pva - 9 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Haffeld in eadem 3 Vicar' Ecctie de Wilburtim Magna inde- cimabil' - 8 Ecctia de Bodekesftm ( r ) 26 1.3 4 Vicar' ejusdem - 5 Porcio Prioris de Longa Villa in eadem 4 13 4 Vicar' Ecctie de Swaffim monialiu' in- decimabil' - 5 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 15 Ecctia fote Marie dc Swafftim g 6 8 Ecctia Sci Ciricij de eadem villa - 14 13 4 Vicaria ejusdem - 4 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Rumburg' in eadem - 4 Ecctia de Dullyngfim - 20 Vicaria ejusdem - 5 Ecctia de Westerle - 7 Ecctia de Burgo - Ecctia de Brynkele - 10 13 4 12 Vicaria ejusdem - 4 13 4 Ecctia de Wyllyngtim - 6 Porcio Prioris de Lewes in eadm 1 6 8 Ecctia de Carleton - 10 4 Ecctia de Weston - 16 13 Elien' Sp' £. s. (I Porcio Prioris de Lewes in eadem 3 6 ( s Pensio ejusdem in eadem - 2 6 Porcio Prioris de Haffeld in eadem 1 6 8 Ecctia de Balstim - 44 Ecctia de Stench - 13 6 8 Vicaria ejusdem - 4 Vicaria Ecctie de Ikelyngton indecimabil' 5 Ecctia Sci Petri de Dokesworth - 16 J3 4 Ecctia Sci Jofris ejusdem - 16 13 4 Ecctia de Wytlesford - - - - 26 13 4 Vacaria Ecctie de Sauston indecimabil' 5 Ecctia de Pampesworth - 1 7 6 8 Porcio Prioris Elyens' in eadem - 3 Porcio Prioris de Bernewell in eadem - 1 2 Ecctia de Abyngton magna 10 13 4 Porcio Prioris dc Haffeld in eadem 3 6 8 Ecctia de Abyngton pva - 8 Porcio Prioris de Rumburg in eadem - 2 13 4 Vicaria Ecctie de Badburlim indecimabil' 5 Ecctia de Lynton - 20 Vicaria ejusdem - 5 Porcio Prioris de Swavseie in eadem 18 Porcio Prioris de Rumburg in eadem - 2 13 4 Ecctia de Berklawe cu porcoe Prioris de (') Icworth - - - - - 10 13 4 Ecctia de Wyklim - - - - 17 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Lynton - 5 Ecctia de Horsefh - 10 13 4 Ecctia de Caumpes magna 14 13 4 Porcio Prioris de Haffeld in eadem 5 6 8 Ecctia de W ' ttyng - Ecctia de Hyldersh'm - 20 13 6 8 Porcio Prioris de Haffeld in eadem 3 6 8 Ecctia de Henxton - 13 6 8 Rector Ecctie dc Wyktlm p'cipit indeci- mis quas Prior de Castelacre consuevit p'cip'e in Wyktlm - 1 2 Prior de Bernewell p cip' in decimis in Bodekesh'm 2 Item Prior p'cipit in Villa in Lynton in decimis - 5 Prior de Lewes p'cipit in Ecctia de Wil- lingh'm in pens' - 1 Item Prior pcipit in Ecctia de ( s *) Carleton - i p (p*) pcipiunt in decis (i) 449 2 o (') Bodekeston'. ( s ) Ixworth. (' *) Carleton in pens'. Rector SUPPLEMENT. Elien' Sp' £. s. d. Rector de Shelford pva pcipit in Wit- telesford in decimis - Sm* tocius Decanatus (') 527 17 2 Taxacio incertor' pventuu Archidiacona- tus Elyens' - Sm* tocius Archid' Elien' ( u ) 2,945 9 o Inde decima ( w ) 294 10 io| Infra quam suriiam sunt o 5 de x ma con- ting' pens' Prioris de Lewes in Ecctia de Whaddon Decan' de Shenegey taxat' ad 2 100 Qui quidem 050 tient decidere de dca suma to 1 ' x me ob causam supius alleg' 20 13 4 O 522 14 2 (*) 290 15 4f ( u ) 2,907 13 10 Taxaco quafdam pticlar' de Nova Taxacoe. Dec' de Campes. Rector Ecctie de WykrTm pcipit in decis q's Prior de Castleacr' consuevit pcipe in poch' de Wykfim - - 1 1 P'or de Bernewell pcipit in decis in villa de Bodekesfim - - - o 2 Id' P'or pcip't in decis in villa de Lynton - - - - -05 P'or de Lewes pcip't in Ecctia de Wyl- lyngftm in pens' - - - o 1 Idem P'or pcip't in Ecca de Carleton in pens' - - - - - - o J Rector Eccie de Schested pva pcip't in decis in poch de Wyttlesford - 2 Sm* 1 13 o Decanat' de Berton. P'or de Sivaveseye pcipit in decis de uno molendino in pochia de Grantesete - 1 c Idem P'or pcipit in decimis in poch' de Arnington ii Scolares Elyen' Epi qui sunt Rectores Sci Pet' ex a portas de Trumpiton in Cant' pcipiut in decis in poch' de Grantesete o c Sir? 1 12 6 Elien* Sp* o 16 o Decanatus de Shenegeye. Rector Eccie de Clopton pcipit in decis in Esthattele - Idem pcipit in decimis in poch' de Cran- den ------ P'or de Cruce Roys pcipit in decis in poch' de Cranden de pratis vidett Sm* 110 Decanatus Cantebr', P'or de Bernewell pcipit in Ecctia Sci Sepulcri Cantebr' in pensione - -074 Abt) de Derham pcipit in Eccia See Cruc' Cantebr' noTe Rcor' - - 0100 P'or de Pentefeld pcipit in poch' de Ful- burn Sci Vigor' in decimis - 3 6 8 Idem pcipit in decimis in poch' de The- verestim - - - - - 0120 Sm* 4 15 o Decanat' de Brunne. P'or Sci Neoti pcipit in decimis in poch' de Croxton - - - - -02 P'or de Huntingdon pcipit in decis ibid' o 5 P'or de Swavesheih pcipit in decimis prat' in poch' de Fendrayton - 2 Sm* total' dear' pat'lar' 11 110 Inde decima - 1 2 2 f Sm* 01m' smar' 2,918 15 8 Inde decima - 201 17 6-i The above, in the original Roll, is either interlined, or written on slips of parchment, which are sewn to the Roll. The title is neither given in the Exchequer Manuscript nor in the Roll, and is on that account reprinted as it stands in the Cotton MS. (87.) (R. O.) Verus Rolus Original*. Taxacio 24* APPENDIX TO Taxacio Bonor' TemporaFm Civitatis & Dios' Elyens'. Elyens' Temp' £. s. d. Bona Alibis de Torneya. In Torneya - Sm a 46 1 9 o In Lev'inghton - - -758 In Wysebeche - - - -080 In Welles - -> - - - 0100 In Horseth - - - - - 0126 (*) In Wattesleye - - - - 67146 Sm a total' 123 9 8 Bona Atjfctisse de Chat'iz. In Chat'iz - - - - -1645 In Kyngeston - - - -0140 In Fox ton 25122 In Barenton - - - _ -1131 C) In Over (88) ---.280 In Maddingle 100 In Wilbton 006 Sm* total' (*) 57 2 2 (89) Bona Prioris de Bernewell'. In Bernewell' - 48 1 1 8i In Berton - - 13 16 8 In Cumberton - 10 6 In Cestretone - " - 17 3 2 In Maddingle - 19 14 4 In Drayton' - - 4 4 4 In Brunne - - 19 12 8 7 2 In Caldecote - 2 8 10 In Tev'esfim - 3 3 In Wynepell - 2 In Hardeleston 14 In Haselingfeud 4 In Wyvelingftm 1 In Trumpington 13 In Meldeburn 3 In Wittelesforde 1 2 In Dukesworth 2 6 In Pumekothe 2 1 1 6 In Hokyton - 1 1 4 In Staunton Sci Mich' ( x ) Wytteleseye. (?) 3 (■) 58 2 2 (88)(R.O.) 2 8 8 (8q)(R.O.) 57 2 2 Elyens' Temp* £. s. d. In Ympiton - - - - 370 In Landbech - - - - - 426 In Gretton - - - - - 056 In Herdewyk - - - - - 01010 In Kyneston 0170 In Ev'esdon - - - - -0106 In Wittelford - - - - -100 In Stovve - - - - 9 "| In Cronden 018 In Cotenttm - - - - - 068 In Rampton - - - - - 060 In Barneton - - - - - 010 In Owes - - - - 066 In Shepereth & Chevele - - -116 In Bernaston & Rysiby - - 3 4 Sm"i66 8 7 Bona Prioris de Swavesey. In Swavesey - - - - - 7100 In Fendrayton - - - -068 In Dryedrayton - - - -6184 Sm a 14 15 Bona Prioris de Angleseye. In Anglesey - - - -24 78 In Wilberhm ( a ) parnel - - - 7 12 4 In Wilberfitn Reg' - - - -060 In Stepelmordon - - - -4100 In Litlington 368 In Fulburn 3140. In Haselyngfeud - - - -2176 In Swaptim Prioris - - - -440 In Swtipftm Bolebek - - -060 In Cantebr' - - - - - 21711 In Stowe - - - - 200 In Gildenmorden - - - -0100 In Qweye - - - - - 205 In Dullingtim - - - -050 In Wilburhm Magna - - -061 Sm a 59 3 7 (•) Parva, Bona SUPPLEMENT. •25 Elyens* Temp' £. s. d. Bona Abbis de Warden, In Wynepol 022 In Schepcyc - - - - -0120 In Stepelmordon - - - -1100 In Gildenmordon - - - - 23 9 4 In Swaptmi Monitiu' - - -940 In Brunckelc 150 In Ravenesholt - - - - 6 1 In Burwedene - - - - -1010 In Dullingham - - - -1180 In Wilburghm 768 In Cantebr' 100 In Gamelingeye - - - -021 In Burgo - - - - - 706 In Linton - - - - -100 Decima istor' temporaliu' exigi deb' de tenentib3 eorde' t non de Abbe de Wardon p pcessu' inde fritum t'mio Sci Hillarii anno 1 3 Regis Rici s'cdi post conquestu' in quodam pcessu tangent' eunde' Abbem °t alios. Sm" 61 11 7 Bona Prions de Cruce Roysya. InWynepoll - - - 0(89) 2 In Meldeburne 2 16 8 In Cruce Rosia - 4 2 In Abington - - - - - 2 In Cronden 3 Sm' 7 18 9 Bona Abbis de Tylteya. In Cantebr' - 14 In Fulme - 8 8 9 In Doukesworthe - 14 5 71 In Ikelington - 1 2 8 91 In Lolleword ------ 7 In Bokesword - - - - - 3 6 In Conigton 16 3 In Meldeburn - - - 8 Sm 1 48 6 5 Bona Abbis de Sautre. In parva Abbington - - ( c ) (90) 2 10 10 In Badburbm - - - - - 6 In Stowe - - - - 7 ( b ) 15 (89) (R.O.) 1 5 ( c ) 510 (90) (K. 0.) 5 1 Elyens £. - 5 - 12 ' Temp* s. d. 6 o 5 11 4 o In Hungerhattele - - - In Gamelingeye - In Cantebr' In Tevershm - In Bassyngburn - - - - 2167 In Pappeword Anneys - - -028 Sm* 27 19 o Bona Prioris de Lewes. In Carleton °t Willingfcm - - - 59 1 5 7 In Wrottinge 0110 In Brinkele - - - - -110 Sin a 6177 Bona Prioris de Huntingdon. In Croxton - - - - - 2166 In Pappeword Anneys - - -302 In Fendrayton - - - - - 0134 In Cantebr' - - - - - 3100 Sm" 10 Bona Prioris Sci Neoti. In C) Habinton - - - -020 In Brunne - - - - - 5 3 o In Caxton - - - - -434 In Gamelingeye - - - - 2 2 4 In Barveton - - - - - 068 Sm a 1117 4 Bona Prioris de Bissemede. In Trumpington - - - - 2 2 2 In Brunne - - - - - 020 In Fendrayton - - - - - 016 Sm a 2 5 8 v Bona Abbis de Lesinge. In Cantebr' 046 In Gamelingeye - - - - 1 Sm a 1 4 6 In Histon Bona Abbis de Eynesham. Sm a ead' 58 3 4 Bona Abbis de Sci Albani. In Evesdon Magna - Snl a ead' ( d ) Abington. 5 16 10 Bona APPENDIX TO Elyens' Temp' £. s. d. Bona ABbis de Derfim. InYkelington 6 8 6, In Dudington l 6 8 Sm a 7 15 H Bona ABbis de Ramesey. In Ellesword - - - - - 90 o In Gravele 19164 In Cnappewell - - - - - 7150 InBokeswrth 026 In Cantebr' - - - - - 084 In Grettone 18173 In Overe - - - - - -50 176 InChafrj - - - - - 68 14 2 Sm* 256 11 1 Bona Prions Canonicor' Theford in Burgo 213 4 Sm* eadem Bona ABbis de Saldpia in Taddelowe -100 Sm 1 eadem Bona Priorisse Sci Micftis Stanford in Eltissle - - - - - 1 1 Sm* eadem Bona Alibis de Nuttele in Angleseye -500 Sm a eadem Bona ABbis Crowlandie. In Hokitone - - - - -1768 In Cotentim - - - - -22121 In Dreydrayton - - - - 26 1 6 In Cantebr' - - - - - 040 In Elm 200 Sm* 68 4 3 Bona Prioris de Chykesond. In Taddelowe - - - - 9 4 7 In Cantebr' - - - *■ - 070 Sm* 9117 Bona Ilospitalit' de Burton in Eltisle -050 Sm a eadem Bona ABbis Ebor' in Haselinfeud - 516 Sm* eadem Bona Abbis Sci Edmundi. In Cantebr - - - - - 0176 In Wysebech 050 Elyens' Temp' £. s. d In Ely - - - * - - 1 13 4 In Dudington - - - - - t> 16 Sm* 311 10 Bona Prioris de Caldewell. In Gamelingeye - - ■ -010 In Cantebr' - - - - - 8010 Sm 8 8 1 10 Bona Prioris de M'ton in Gamelingeye - 1 Sm* eadem Bona Prioris de Fordhm. In Cantebr' - - - - -100 In Littelport - - - - - 030 Sm a 1 3 o Bona ABbis Sci Valerici in Meldeburne 6 13 4 Sm a eadem Bona Prioris de SpinetO. In Cantebr' - - - ^ - 0198 In Teursfim - - - - - 006 In Ely - - - - - - 0146 In Wysebech - - - - - 0100 Sm* 2 4 8 Bona Prioris de Ware. In Melrech - - - (*) - 15 8 4 In Meldeburne - - - -100 Sm a 16 8 4i Bona ABbis See Osithe in Grantecete 1 Cotes - - - - - 030 Sin* eadem Bona ABbisse de Wilton in Brunne -050 Sm a eadem Bona Priorisse de Garringe - -060 Sm a eadem Bona ABbis Colcestrie in Harleston - 117 4- Bona Prioris de Kenigworth in Cantebr' 100 Bona Prioris Sci Botulphi Colcestrie in Gamelingeye - - - - 5 6 8 Bona Priorisse de Markeyate in Cantebr'( h ) 059 Bona ABbis de Galdeme in Ikelington - 712 8 ( a ) 15 8 41 ( b ) o 5 91 Bon SUPPLEMENT. *27 (Sic) Sunar^ri Elyens' Temp' £. s. d. Canccllat' ob causam annotat' 11° ptitor' de t'mio Mictris anno 23' io R'a E. t'tii in quodam vid3 pcessu ibm hito p (92) solar' Aule Sci Michis Cantebr'. Bona Domus dc Tremhale in Cantebr' 014 4 (Sic.) ikmu. Prio r is de Y'duntonc in Manstcn e — Q - 16 4 Ista taxacio cancellat' ob cam annotat' in memor 4 ' anni 46" R's E. ttii int' recorda de t'mio See Trinitat'. Bona Priorisse de Cambeseye in ( d ) Willingfcm - - - -060 Bona Prioris de Berden in Cantebr' -040 Bona Prioris de Hatfeud. In Campis Magna - - - - 1 1 2 4 In Cantebr* - In Horseth - Sfn* 11 176 Bona Prioris de Tunnebrege Bockeshm - 12 3 - 20 3 4 Bona ABfeis de Lavendon. In Wandon In Cantebr' Sm* 796 Bona Arjfiis de Walden in Horseth - o Bona Abtiis de Wendling in Elm - - 2 KiEiien'! ^ ona ^P* Elyens' ubicuque existent' 2,000 Bona Prioris de Ely. 8 6 4 6 In Ely - - 5 3 In Sutton - - 64 15 5 In Wykeftm - 27 12 10* In Wyteford - 52 14 of In Wyteseye - 51 13 31 In Wrottinge - 35 6 9* In Stentkesword - 59 3 9 In Swaphm - 25 7 of In Meldeburn - - 19 13 31 In Neuton - 66 6 of In Stapelford - - 40 5 31 In Trippelewe - - 3- 18 10 In Caxton - 5 In Winteword - - 30 10 ( c ) 14 14 6. (91) (R. 0.) 14 14 6. ( d ) Wyb'hm. (92) (R. O.) Scolar'. In Melreche In Wissebeche In Berton In Horseth In Shepey In Cantebr' r) . Precentor in Ely Celerarius in Mounteneye ( e ) Sacrista in Ely - In Tiddebrytheseye - In Cantebr' - Sfn* 519 o 10 Elyens* Temp* £. s. d. - 14 13 ioj - 14 o o - 010 -030 - 2 - o 13 4 In Teveshm 1 7 o 14 7 15 6 560 18 1 o o 12 Ista suma 12 s. cancellat' 1 i2d. superscribunt' p consider' Baronu' (Sic.) annotat' in memo? d' anni 1 8' R's E' fir R' E' int' Recorda tmino Sci Micftis. In Levington - - 11 16 In Wysebech 1 In Ely " " " - 5 9 7 In Levington J In Ely - - 3 4 5 In Coveneye - (93) (») 2 10 In Trippelowe - - 1 In Had en rim - - 5 In Ely - - 4 1 1 2 In Lyttelport - - 6 7 In Ely - - 5 6 In Hadenfim - 1 1 In Ely - - 3 18 8 In Ely - - 3 12 2 In Wicheford - - 2 6 Altar' in Ely - In Cantebr' - 5 9 4 - 2 In Tev'esftrn - 1 8 In Ely - - *- {Sacrista & aliiofficia- tores Ely- ens'. Infirmarius. 6 Hostilit Rcfector. Ista suma 20 s. cancellat' & 20 d. sup'scribunt' p consid'at' Baronu' annotat' in Memor d Anni xviij R' E' fil' R' E' int' Recorda tmTo Sci Mictlis ( d *) Sm a to 1 inf 3 Dyoc' 685 3 4 p'dict'. Et in Dyoc' Norwyc' 284 4 7 ( e ) Stunteneye. (' ) o 1 o ( s ) o 5 o (93) (R.O.) 050. In APPENDIX TO SUPPLEMENT. Elyens' Temp' £ s. d. In Stelford - - - 17 11 In Mounteneya ( h ) • i In Dunnetim - - - - 15 4 1 In Strafim - 2 6 10 In Littilport - 5 In Cantebr' - "4 14 8 In Dudington - 1 In Stapelford - 16 In Swapftm - l 4 In RunpingQ - 6 8 In Maddynle grene - 2 In Horningeseye 6 In Ditton - 6 Obvencoes ad Feretra See Etheldrede & alior' scor' singtis annis venientes comunit' estimant' ad - Sm* officiarior' cu' Feret' 11626 Med' qd duo errores cancellati sup' extrahunt' de suma ista. Bona Abbis de Redinges. In Dudington 6 13 4 Bona Prioris de Sutwerke. In Longstowe - - - - - 300 Bona ABbisse de Berkynge. In Fulleburne 2100 Sm a 01m' supscriptor' cu' bonis Epi (94) O 3,843 3 8f Med' qd due sume supius cancellate int' taxacoes bonor' Prioris de Ely' ext'hunt' de hac suma. Inde decima - - 384 12 4f Set de ista suma deb' deduci 1 9 5f de X ma contingente bona Prioris de Monte Maurelli in Ikelyngton tax' ad 14 14 6 ( h ) Stantoneya. (') Rumping. ( k ) 3,846 3 8 Elyens' Temp' £ s. 4. ut supius continet' Et sic reman' de decima 383 2 11 De quib3 debent deduci 19 jr| de X ma contingente bona Prioris de Welunton in Sauston taxat' ad 9 1 6 4 ut supius continet' Et sic remanen' de decima 382 3 31 R. O. in dorso. £. s. £ Sm* medietatis templitatis content' in isto Rotulo 1,923 1 io| De quibus subtrahunt'^. 1,000 p medie- tate Epi Elyens qui concessit Regi anno 23 £1,000 p subsidio p'dco ipum Epum ubicunq' contingente in pma concessione ejusdm sicut con- tinetur in quadam sedula attachiata rotulo memor' de eodem anno 23 Et £.6y 16 2| de medietate tempalitatis div'sor' religiosor' alienigenar' quor' terre °t ten' reddit' 1 possessiones fuunt in manu' Regis eodem anno °t R^x certain firmam inde percepit rone guerre int' Rege 1 Regem Franc' tunc fiite 1 iidem alienigene respon- dent alibi de medietate p'dca sicut cont' in rotulo hi alienigenar' deeod' anno 23. Super schedula rotulo consuta. DIOC ELIENS' fs. Sni" X ma spualiu' p registrum - - 294 5 lOf P't pore' Prioris de Lewes in Whaddon Sm a X e bonor' tempaliu' ejusdem Dios' p registrum £. 382 3 31 Sm* to' X me eofdem bonor' spualiu' It tem- paliu' conjuncta .£.676 9 2\ De quib3 deduct' £. 2 134 X ma octo minutor' bnfic' valorem 12 marcar' pannu' non exceden' Est sm a X me ibm ,£.673 15 io| Inde med' X me ibm X336 17 Hi SUPPLEMENT. *29 ON THE CONTEMPT OF THE WORLD, OR CONCERNING THE BISHOPS AND ILLUSTRIOUS MEN OP HIS TIME. X HIS interesting Record, which relates to so many of the chief personages mentioned in the early part of Mr. Bentham's History, and the Appendix to it, was translated by him from the Latin copy in the " Anglia Sacra," and was intended, by the Historian, to have made a part of his continued account of the Cathedral. The Editor cannot find, upon inquiry, that any translation of the original was ever pub- lished ; and the volumes of the " Anglia Sacra" are very scarce and high priced. The piety and good sense which pervades the whole of the letter; and the writer's confining him- self to such things as were transacted within his memory, and which he knew by having seen them himself, are circumstances sufficient to recommend it to the perusal of the serious reader, and the investigator of historic truth : if more were necessary, it might be observed, that Pits and Bale speak highly of Henry of Huntingdon. In the Preface to the second volume of c< Anglia Sacra," Mr. Wharton informs us, that the Letter was written in the year 1145, and is in the tenth book of the History of England, composed by him. The first eight bring down the history of the Kings of England, in a regular series, to the year 1154. Those Henry Savile caused to be printed in 1596. The remaining four books were never printed, but remain in two very fair volumes, in the Library at Lambeth. The ninth treats of the Saints of England and their miracles. The tenth is entitled et De summitatibus rerum." In the preface, which he wrote in the year 1135, he has treated of the end of the world. To the preface succeeds a letter addressed to King Henry upon the succession of the Kings and Emperors of the Jews, Assyrians, Persians, Macedo- nians, and Romans, to his own times ; then follows another letter to Warinus Brito, upon the lineage of the British Kings, from Brute to Cadwallader ; lastly, the letter to Walter, on the Contempt of the World. The eleventh volume contains Satires and Epigrams ; the twelfth, Hymns, Amatory Songs, and Verses. Henry of Huntingdon was the son of one Nicholas, a married Priest, and was born about the beginning of the twelfth century, or end of the eleventh. He was made Archdeacon of Huntingdon by Bishop Bloet. Albinus of Anjou, a learned Canon of the Church of Lin- coln, superintended his education ; and his history, we are informed, was composed at the request of Bishop Alexander, who was his friend and patron. The preface to that work is dedicated to that Prelate ; in which, he tells us, he has followed Venerable Bede, adding a few things from other writers; that he had compiled the sequel from several Chronicles, and what he had heard and seen. Towards the conclusion, he very honestly acknowledges that it was only an abridgment, adding that, to compose a complete History of England, many more books were necessary than he could procure. 1 Mr. Willis says he died about 1149. Translation ' Henry's History of Britain. A a 30* APPENDIX TO TRANSLATION. Walter — My friend and companion of my youth, when health, gaiety, and innocent mirth, were our constant attendants ; alas ! how greatly are you changed and harassed out with pain and sickness ! In the prime of life, I inscribed to you a Book of Epigrams in verse ; I composed too, for your amusement, a Poem on the pleasing subject of Love. — 'Twas a youthful Essay, I confess ; but as it was suitable to that early part of life ; I cannot now consider it as a crime. But now grown old myself, 'tis fitting that I treat you with something of more importance, and such as it becomes old age to hear. The subject I now intend to send you is, Of the Contempt \_and Vanity~] of the World, which I trust will be of real use both to you and to myself ; in which you may exercise and amuse yourself, under your present languid state ; and that I may recur to your remembrance, as often as you shall read it. —Expect not, however, a florid discourse on the subject; nor that I should treat it in a dry philosophic way ; for this useful truth every page of Holy Writ thunders in our ears, and all the wit and sense of true Philosophers labour to confirm. I do not then need any rhetoric, but plain and artless words, suitable to the capacities of all, even the most ignorant and untaught. And hence let you and I, my friend, learn from what we ourselves, now old, have seen and observed in the world — to despise things that are in themselves really worthy our contempt. I propose no histories of former times, and of events which happened before we were born ; hut of things which were transacted within our memory, which we know by having seen them ourselves. What tho' the very names, and subjects of which we now write, may seem barbarous to posterity ; and our discourse, in times to come, be laid aside, as obsolete and unintelligible : may it not at least, afford some present ad- vantage and profit both to myself and you ? The first head of my discourse then shall be of those things which have happened in our own Church in our own time. Now 'tis certain that almost every kind of vice, besides luxury, predominates in us, even in childhood, from too great love and propensity to things present. Some natural defects, indeed, to which childhood is subject, give way to the good that naturally succeeds at more advanced age; as levity, fickleness, and such like imper- fections, are easily corrected by knowledge and experience. Yet this evil of too great a love of present things, which is of a more pleasing and delicious nature, is not so easily removed, but rather increases with our years : and our minds are so strongly possessed with the love of riches, and the transient pleasures and delights of this world, which keep their hold, by long use and habit ; that it is with extreme difficulty we can ever disengage ourselves. — This I have learned by experience in myself. For when I was a boy at school, when a youth, and even when grown up to manhood; and daily viewed the glory and magnificence of our Great Prelate Robert;* saw him constantly surrounded with many Knights, and Gentlemen of noble families, making a glorious appearance in his retinue, attending him on horses of inestimable value; at other times observed the number of his servants, all in rich liveries, and clothed in purple and fine linen, carrying chargers, vessels, and cups, of wrought and gilt plate ; others serving up to his table variety of dishes of all kinds of meats and delicacies ; I could not conceive a greater felicity : — And whereas I observed all these his 1 Robert Bloet, the second Bishop of Lincoln, presided 36 years in that See. In his time, the Abbey of Ely was sepa- rated from the Diocese of Lincoln, and converted into a Bishoprick. See History, vol. 1, p. 130, also Notes, p. 00. SUPPLEMENT. *31 his attendants, nay even those who were reading and studying in the schools, Of the Con- tempt of the World ; but were nevertheless making their court to him, and obsequious to his beck : and he, who was considered as the father, lord, and master of them all, was himself, I plainly saw, as much in love with the world, and as strongly attached to it as any of them. Why then, if any one had seriously said, and told me that all this glitter, splendor, and magnificence, which we all admired, was in reality nothing, but ought to be looked' down upon with scorn and contempt : — I should have beheld him with wonder and amazement ! certainly I should have thought him either a mad-man or a fool. I imagined nothing could ever obstruct the extreme happiness of so great a man. But mark what fol- lows : — When I was grown a man, I was told of the bitter, grating, and opprobrious lan- guage made use of to his face, in a public assembly ; which, if those words had been spoke to me, before so great an audience, I am sure, would almost have struck me dead. — From that instant I began to abate something of the high notions I had conceived of his transcendant felicity. But as it is common in this world, to hear of the most afflicting cala- mities and misfortunes happening to men at some period of life ; I will relate to you, what happened to him before his end. This great man (who had been Justiciary of all England, and greatly feared and reverenced by all), in the last year of his life, was twice prosecuted at the King's suit, by a certain inferior and worthless J ustice of no name ; and both times cast, severely fined, and used with great ignominy and disgrace. This affliction made so strong an impression on his mind, and hung so heavy on him ; that when I, then his Arch- deacon, soon after, was sitting next him at dinner, I observed the tears fall from his eyes. I took the liberty of asking him the cause of his affliction ? " Formerly (said he), all my servants and attendants used to be handsomely clothed : but now these heavy mulcts and fines exacted by the King (whose grace and favour it was always my greatest ambition to enjoy), have so exhausted my substance, that they must now be content with meaner clothes." And after this, he so utterly despaired of the King's favour; that when he was told by his friends, that the King spake very kindly of him in his absence ; he sighed, and said, " the King, I know, never speaks in high commendation of any one of his servants, unless of him whom he is determined to crush and destroy." And indeed, to say the truth, King Henry was so great a master of craft and dissimulation, that it was very difficult, by his words and fair speeches to guess at his real thoughts. A few days after, the King having ap- pointed a meeting at Woodstock, for the diversion of hunting; as our Bishop was speaking to the King, in company with the Bishop of Salisbury * which two were the greatest persons in the kingdom next the King, he was suddenly struck with the apoplexy ; and was carried alive, but speechless, to his apartment, where he soon after expired whilst the King was present. This great King, whom he had always served, had greatly loved, and feared, whom he had held in so high esteem, and in whom he so much put his trust, was of no more real service to him, in his greatest need, than a beggar. See then how justly it is said, "Cursed be the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm:' [Jer. 17, 5.] And let young persons, when they behold such happy men, only consider how doubtful may be 1 Roger, the 28th Bishop of Salisbury from its first establishment, and the third from the removal of the See from S/ier- born, was elected A. D. 1 102. He sat in that See 37 years, and died in 1 139. He was originally a Priest in the Church of Caci:, in NorniU'dy, and accompanying Henry the 1st to England, when he was Prince, he made him his Chancellor and Bishop of Salisbury, after he ascended the throne. See ]Notes, p. 67. History, vol. i. p. 137, &c. &c. A a 2 32* APPENDIX TO be their end ; and that it is very possible they may begin to have their share of trouble and misfortunes, even in this world. Now this great Prelate Robert had many virtues ; he was a person of great humility, of a mild and gentle disposition, had raised many, oppressed none ; he had been a father of the orphans, and the delight of his own family and depend- ants : and yet such was his end ! I had thoughts of saying something of his predecessor, Remigius, 1 who came into England with King William ; was in the battle with him ; and was afterwards promoted by the aforesaid King to the Bishoprick of Dorchester ; and who removed the See from Dorchester to Lincoln ; was founder of our Church ; endowed it with various possessions ; and placed therein a number of very respectable persons ; but I recol- lect, my design was to speak of those only, whom we ourselves have heard and seen ; and him, I think, we never saw ; but all those venerable men, whom he first seated there, we both have seen ; and some of these I would now remind you of: — First then, Ralph, 1 that venerable Priest, he constituted Dean: — and Reiner* he made Treasurer; in whose room Geqffry* his nephew, succeeded, and is still living : this Reiner was so remarkably religious and devout, that he prepared for himself a burial-place ; thither he used often to retire, and accustom himself, whilst living, to his long home, in singing psalms, and in the exercise of his devotions ; that when he could no longer pray, he there might take his last repose ; and at length be visited by the mercy of God: — a happy example of a great and good man! Nor shall we pass by in silence, Hugh, s Chancellor of the Church, a man very worthy to be remembered, the very rise \_prineipium~] as it were, and support of the Church : — to him succeeded Osbcrt, 6 a very pleasant and desirable person ; and to them now William, 7 a young man of great hopes and goodly disposition : — Guerno % was made Precentor; in his room Ralph 9 is now Precentor. Nor must I omit to mention Albin Andegavensis, my honoured master ; whose brothers, very sincere and worthy men, were my intimate friends, and respectable for their learning, distinguished chastity, and great innocence of life; and yet, by the inscrutable judgment of God, were struck with leprosy ; but now they are cleansed from that by death. Seven Archdeacons did Remigius constitute in his Diocese : — Richard, 10 Archdeacon of Lincoln; to whom succeeded Albert Longobardus and to him William Baiocensis ; 11 and now Robert, junior," of all the Archdeacons that are in Eng- land, the richest: — Nicolas 1 * was constituted Archdeacon of Cambridge, Huntingdon, and Hertford ; than whom no one was endowed with a more handsome graceful person ; nor were the virtues of his mind unlike his outward form : — -about the time of his decease [de- parture, * Reinigius de Fescamp, a Monk of Fescamp, in Normandy, appointed Bishop of Dorchester 1070, removed the See to Lincoln in 1088. He died May 9th, 1092, two days before the consecration of his Church. Wharton stiles him "prudent and provident, endowed with a capacious share of learning," and tells us that " he retained those virtues which he pos- sessed before his exaltation ; his religion, his humility, his mildness, his piety, and his charity. And that, by his doctrine and works, by his exemplary conduct and praise-worthy life, he attained such a character as falls to the lot of very few." See History, vol. 1, p. 109, &c. &c. 2 Ralph, the first Dean of Lincoln, instituted 1092, died about 1110. 3 Reiner, the first Treasurer, was instituted by Remigius in 1092, and died about 1 130. 4 Oeoffry enjoyed the office 1 146. 5 Hugh, the first Chancellor, substituted 1092, was succeeded by 6 Osbert, about 1105, upon whose death, 7 William was appointed, who held the office about 1145. & Guerno, who was the first that enjoyed the dignity of Precentor, was substituted about 1092. 9 Ralph succeeded to the office ; and was possessed of it in 1 146. 10 Richard. Mr. Willis says that Robert was the first Archdeacon of Lincoln, about 1092. Then succeeded " Albertus Longobardus, about 1100. Nicholas, 1 106. 11 William Bajocensis, about 1115. Roger de Clinton, made from hence, Bishop of Lichfield, 1129. 13 Robert, about 1140 and 1156; and Richard D'Aumery, about 1160. 14 Nicholas was the first Archdeacon of Cambridge. Huntingdon, and Hertford, appointed iix 1092; died A.D. 11 10. Henry, the writer of this letter, succeeded him about 1117. See His- tory, vol. I, p. 271. SUPPLEMENT. *33 parture, cujus circa transitum,~\ wlien the county of Cambridge was separated from the See of Lincoln, and had received a new Bishop, I succeeded him in the two remaining- counties. Nigellus 1 was made Archdeacon of Northampton; to whom succeeded Robert; 1 and to them now William,'' nephew of our Bishop Alexander. Ralph* was constituted Arch- deacon of Leicester; to whom succeeded Godfrey ; s to them Walter, 6 a man very com- mendable; and now Robert de Querceio, 7 worthy of renown. At Oxford, he placed Alfred; 3 to whom succeeded Walter, 9 styled, by way of eminence, the Rhetorician. Alfred 10 the Little, he made Archdeacon of Buckingham; to him succeeded Gislebert, 11 most courtly in his person, as well as writings, both in prose and verse ; to them succeeded Roger, 11 now made Bishop of Chester; afterwards Richard ; n and now David, 1 * brother of Alexander, our venerable Bishop, the fifth from the first. The seventh Archdeaconry that he founded, was that of Bedford, and he made Osbert' s the first Archdeacon ; to whom succeeded Ralph, 16 unfortunately slain; then Hugh; 17 and now Nicholas, 1 * the fourth from the first. Other most respectable and worthy Clerks, I forbear to mention, lest I should be tedious. Think then, that the aforenamed venerable persons are dead and gone, soon to be utterly forgot- ten : yea, recollect in your mind all those whom we have formerly seen on the right side of the choir, all those we have seen on the left side : — not one of them is now remaining : they all, we know, had the same passions as we have ; loved those things, which we love ; had the same desires, as we have ; hoped for the same things, as we do ; but death has consigned them to oblivion :■— only let us remember that the same oblivion awaits us too. Let us then exert our utmost care, and use all our endeavours to seek for and obtain, that which will endure, that which will be fixt and certain ; that which is distinct from sleep ; yea that which will at last prove Something ; for these things are merely Nothing. The second head Of the Contempt of the World, consists of those whom we have seen, brought up and educated, with the greatest care and indulgence ; and who have at length come to an untimely miserable end. I divide my discourse to you into heads; because the names of the different persons, facts, and events of which I write, whilst they remain indigested, must seem confused ; but by this means will appear m ore clear, distinct, and open to your view. We both have often seen William,' 9 the King's son, when gorgeously arrayed in robes of silk, wrought with embroidery of gold ; surrounded by a band of servants and attendants, and himself amidst them all resplendent in glory and all possible state and magnificence. He was the only son of the King and Queen ; and never doubted in the least, but that he should one day wear the crown : nay he cherished in his mind such strange confidence of being * Nigellus, the first Archdeacon of Northampton, appointed by Bishop Remigius, in 1092, held it in 1109. 1 Robert succeeded about 1 115, and occurs possessed of the office, 1 120. 3 William de St. Clere, appointed about 1 144, died 1 108. 4 Ralph, the first Archdeacon of Leicester, was appointed 1092. s Godfrey succeeded to the office about 1100. 6 Walter held it about 1120. 7 Robert Querceto or Chesneto was made Bishop 1147. 8 Alfred, the first Archdeacon of Oxford* 1092. 9 Walter de Wallingford occurs 1104 and 1151. 10 Alfred Parvus, the first Archdeacon of Buckingham, 1092. " Gislebert, about 1100. 11 Roger de Clynton : he was promoted to the See of Lichfield, 1129, according to Willis. 13 Richard de Urvilla succeeded in 1129, and was in possession of the office in 1140. 14 David, the brother of Bishop Alexander, A. D. 1145 and 1171. 15 Osbert, the first Archdeacon of Bedford, 1095, was made Chancellor, as before ob- served, about 1105; and upon his advancement, 16 Ralph succeeded to the office 1105; he was murdered ; after whom 17 Hugh occurs about 1110. 18 Nicholas occurs in 1145 and 1172. 19 William, the eldest son of King Henry 1st, was born 1102. He married the daughter of Fulke, Earl of Anjou ; and was made Duke of Normandy. As he was returning from France, in 1 120, he was shipwrecked near Barfieur, with 160 of the principal Nobility. His name appears as a witness to the Char- ter* No. 18, ia the Appendix, vol. 1 of this History. 34* APPENDIX TO being raised to the throne, as if he was more certain of it even than his father, who was in actual possession of it ; for his father had now passed great part of his reign ; but the son's time was all yet in reserve ; the father's mind was wholly taken up with the uneasy thoughts of losing it ; the son's ever elate, and prepossessed with his future enjoyment of it. It gave me great concern to see it ; and I could not help thinking, that all this too assiduous care and anxiety about him, and that pride of heart I discovered in him, portended his future ruin: my mind misgave me, ' Hie adeo delicatus, nutritus in cibum ignis." 1 Yet was he always full of pride, and pleased himself with the thought of his future kingdom and sove- reign dignity. But the Most High said — "Not so, not so, ye ungodly men!" Accordingly it happened to him, that instead of being adorned with a crown of gold, his head was dashed in pieces against the hard rocks of the sea ; instead of being clad in vestments of gold, he was rolled about naked in the ocean ; and instead of his exaltation to a kingdom, he was buried in the bellies of devouring fishes, in the bottom of the sea. This was a change wrought by the right hand of the Most High ! Richard, Earl of Chester, 1 also, the only son of Earl Hugh, educated with great care and splendour, the heir apparent of his father, who had formed the highest hope and expectation of him, whilst yet a very youth, perished in the same ship, and had the same kind of burial. Also Richard, a natural son of the King, educated with show and gaiety, under Robert, our Bishop, honoured and respected by me, and others in the same family in which I lived ; in the same ship which struck on the rocks, when the sea was becalmed for want of wind, was seized with a sudden death, and swallow- ed up by the devouring sea. And when William? the King's nephew, the son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, was now the sole heir of the Crown, and in the judgment of all men, was thought worthy of it ; and had by his distinguished merit been advanced to the Earl- dom of Flanders ; and had by his ow n personal valour and bravery conquered Theodoric in battle ; he at length received a very slight wound in the hand, as it was then thought ; but of that he died. Thus, all they who had raised their expectations high, on seeing hirn king ; and in their minds had predisposed of men and places, at their will and pleasure ; were at once disappointed and defeated of their hopes. To enumerate the many examples I meet with of this kind, would be to write a large volume, instead of an epistle : one more, however, I will mention, and that is our Dean Symon;* he was son of Robert, our Bishop, begotten whilst he was Chancellor to the great King William ; his education was noble, and such as became the high station of his father; and when very young, was made our Dean: he was admitted into great favour and familiarity with the King, and soon after had high preferment at Court : he had a ready wit, a graceful way of speaking, was handsome in his person, polite and elegant in his manner, young in age, old in prudence ; but withal, was very proud. Prom pride grew envy; from envy, hatred; from hatred, detractions, quarrels, public accusations, and impeachments. Well, therefore, did he prophecy of him- self, when he said " I am placed among Courtiers, as salt among living eels :" for as salt cast upon eels, puts them to torture; so did he tease and torment all the King's servants, by his accusations. And as salt is destroyed by trie moisture of the eels ; so was he at length by * Is this a proverbial sentence ? a Richard, Earl of Chester, married Lady Lucy, the King's niece, by his sister Atlela. 1 William the son of Robert Curtoise, married Sibylla, daughter of Fulke, Earl of Anjou He died of a wound in his hand, received at the siege of the Castle of Angi, in Fiance, A.D. 1128. 4 fymon Bloet, appointed Dean 1110. It is supposed he died in exile. SUPPLEMENT. *35 by the breath of them all. The former part of this prophecy he understood ; but the latter he did not foresee: however, he spoke the truth of himself; though he did not know it. — Thus he who was raised to the highest pitch of courtly honours of any in the kingdom ; after a few days, falling under the extreme displeasure of the King ; was thrust into prison ; and it is said, made his escape through the common jakes ; and was driven, a young man, into banish- ment and misery. Well then may the Prophet's words be applied to him, " They that were brought up in scarlet, embrace dunghills." [Sam. 4, 5-3 When, therefore, we behold young per- sons of high rank and noble families, possessed of all the advantages of youth and beauty; attended with all the ostentatious display and insolence of riches, wealth, and affluence of fortune, and receiving homage and obeisance from all about them : let us not too highly prize their state and condition of life ; since we see how often they are brought to the utmost distress and misery. Now all the hope and expectation of fools is dissolved ; and that which was of nothing, shall be reduced to nothing. The third topick of my discourse Of the Contempt of this fleeting Life (and O ! that I could despise it as much as my soul wishes, and its dignity requires!) shall be Of the Wisdom of this World, as that which is most potent in the world ; for wisdom is of more value than all the riches of the earth, and whatsoever things are most desirable in the world, are not to be compared to it. And yet, it is written, " The wisdom of this world is foolish- ness with God." Which determination of the Apostle I shall confirm by such examples as we ourselves have seen and known. Robert, Earl of Millend, 1 was, in his time, of all men living between this and Jerusalem, accounted the wisest man ; he was famous for his know- ledge, pleasing in his discourse, exquisitely subtile, sage in thought and forecast, ready at expedients, invincible in prudence, deep in counsel, great in wisdom : — by these means he acquired vast possessions, which are commonly called honours ; as cities, castles, manors, rivers, and woods ; not only in England, but also in Normandy. The Kings of France and England were always at mutual peace, or war, according to his will and pleasure. If he opposed any one, his adversary was sure to be brought down and humbled : and if he thought fit to take any one under his protection, he was immediately exalted with honour. Hence unbounded wealth and riches flowed in upon him, as gold and silver, jewels, and all manner of splendid clothes and furniture. But as soon as he was arrived at the highest pitch of all this glory and honour ; it happened that a certain Earl secretly made love to his new-married wife, treacherously seduced her, and by force carried her away. This misfor- tune in his old age sunk so deep into his heart, that his spirits were quite depressed, a per- petual gloom hung ever on his countenance, and the deepest melancholy preyed upon his mind ; so that he never afterwards had the least appearance of receiving any consolation or comfort to the day of his death. After he had thus for some time dragged on a miserable existence; and was drawing to the end of his days; the Archbishop and Priests, who came to administer the office of Confession to him, counselled him to make restitution of all those estates which he had taken away from any persons either by force or injustice. To whom he answered ; " If I should make such a division of my lands, which I have been so long collecting together — what shall I have to leave to my sons?" To which the Ministers of God 1 Robert, Earl of Millend. His name in Speed is written Millent ; also in the Charters No. 7, 10, and 15, in the Appen- dix to vol. 1, p. 15, 17, 18. He attempted to make William, the son of Robert Curtoite, Duke of Normandy, but was de- feated and taken prisoner. 36* APPENDIX TO God replied ; * The lands and estates which you are in possession of by ancient inheritance, or have justly acquired, will be an ample provision for your sons ; only make restitution of the rest ; otherwise you have devoted your soul to hell." To this the Earl answered ; " I am determined to give all to my sons ; and leave them to act mercifully for the salvation of my soul, when I am dead." When he was dead, his sons took more care to add to his unjust acquisitions, than to distribute any thing- for the salvation of their father's soul. And thus it appears, that this extraordinary wisdom of the man, in the end, which is the true test of praise, proved not only the greatest folly, but plainly madness. — Why should I men- tion Gislebert, surnamed the Universal. 1 Bishop of London ? There was not his equal hi science on this side Rome : most learned in all the arts and sciences ; in theory and specula- tive knowledge, singular and unrivalled ; and therefore famous and renowned every where. On which account, being then President of the Schools at Nivernois, in France, he was in- vited to accept the Bishoprick of London; to which he consented. On his coming over, he was received with the highest expectations by all sorts of men. He soon began to discover a most avaricious temper of mind; acquiring much, and giving little : and when he died, made no distribution of his effects. But King Henri/ found immense treasures in his hoards; and even his boots were crammed with gold and silver; all which was seized for the King's use, and carried to his exchequer. So that this man of consummate knowledge, was at last by all people accounted the greatest of fools. — And what shall I say of Ranulph, the King's Chancellor? 1 A man of the greatest sagacity, artfulness, and cunning; but who employed all his time and abilities, in oppressing the innocent, and scraping up riches. At length falling into a painful and lingering disease ; as it were in defiance of God and nature, he per- sisted, in spite of his disease, in his wicked ways, and in oppressing as many as he could. His rapine even increased with his disease ; his impiety, with his pains; and his knavery, with his sufferings : till at length, as he was riding out, falling from his horse, was rode over by a monk ; and so came to a very unusual and odd kind of death. Of the vast number of examples respecting the wisdom of this world, or rather the fallacy of it ; let these I have mentioned suffice. In the fourth place, let the happiness of men of great name be considered ; such, for in- stance, as the Lord himself pronounces that he had given to David, King of Israel, saying, " I have made thee a great name, like unto the name of the great men that are in the earth." [2 Sam. 7, 9.] He indeed was truly in possession of that happiness ; but the men of these times, not so. For in our times, there is no arriving at a great name, but by consummate wickedness. — Thomas, a great Prince, who had a principality near Laudun [juxta Laudu- num] in France, was a man of great name ; because he was exquisitely wicked. Hostile to all the Churches within his reach, he seized the revenues of them to his own use. If he took 1 Gilbert Universalis, so called from his general knowledge of the sciences, was a Canon of Lyons ; and, accompanying King Henry to England, was preferred by him to the See of London, in which he sat 14 years, and died A D 1 141. See History, vol. 1, p. 136. 2 Ranulph Flumbard was appointed, according to Rapin, Chief Justice to William II. in 10SS, Chancellor to Rufus in 1098, and consecrated Bishop of Durham the year following. He was also appointed Chancellor to Henry 1st, in 1116. His name appears in the last character to several of the Charters of our Church, in the Appendix to vol. 1 ; and it is singular that to the Charter of 1108, there are the distinct signatures — " Ranulfi Cancel laiii," and " Ra- nu/phi Dunelmensis Episcopi " No other Ranulph occurs before 109S, or afterwards, until 1173, in the list of Chancellors. ■Stow says that " Ralph Flumbard had been sick the space of twenty years, and yet was prompt to all evil, delighting in op- pressing the innocent." He died, according to Rapin, in 1123. See History, vol. 1, p. 112, 123, 131. SUPPLEMENT. *37 took captive any one, either by force or stratagem ; it might truly be said of him, " The sorrows of hell compassed me about." [Psal. 16, 5 — and 116, 3.] His own Countess, a thing unheard of and hardly credible, he put into prison ; and was so cruel and inhuman as to keep her in fetters and torture by day, in order to extort money from her ; and in scorn and derision, ravished her by night ; for which purpose he kept a set of ferocious and savage ruf- fians, who used to bring her to his bed every night ; and carry her back to prison every day. He would often, with a smile, thrust a dagger into the heart of his friend, who was speaking peaceably to him : and for that end, he carried his dagger under his robe, more frequently drawn than sheathed. All men therefore feared and worshipped him. All France was full of his fame. His possessions, his riches, his tyrannies, daily increased. Do you desire to know the end of this wretched man ? He was mortally wounded with a sword ; refusing to shew any signs of repentance ; and turning away his head from the body of our Lord ; in this manner he breathed out his last. — You have seen Robert de Belesme, 1 a Nobleman of Normandy, who was long imprisoned : to give some description of him, he was Pluto, Megara, Cerberus, or, if any thing can be conceived, more horrible. He cared not to allow any of those he took captive, to be redeemed ; but put them to death. As if he had been in sport, he thrust out with his fingers the eyes of his own son, an infant, whilst he was at play under his robe. His delight was to impale both men and women. The horrid murder of men was the pleasing food of his soul. His name was therefore in the mouth of all men ; so that it became a proverb to say, " The wonderful things of Robert de Belesme." But let us come to his end, that is to say, a thing most heartily wished for. He, who had tortured so many by imprisonment, was him- self by King Henry long confined in a prison, and under that long confinement the wretch died. Fame, who had so highly celebrated him whilst living, knew not, when he was in prison, whether he was alive or dead ; and was quite silent and ignorant of the day of his death. These two examples 1 have selected out of many others: nor do I think fit to speak more of such a generation of men, horrible even to demons themselves. In the fifth place, my discourse shall be Of the Chief of Men, who are in human affairs, as the highest class in predicaments. Now Kings are to their subjects as God; to whom they devote themselves by a solemn oath ; and to whom the stars of heaven seem to pay obedience. So great is the sublimity of these eminences of the world, that others are never satisfied with beholding them ; and they who live with them, are esteemed something more than men. Nor is it to be wondered at, if the undistinguishing multitude of women and children, or even men of levity and idleness, run out on all occasions to get a sight of them; but even wise, discreet, and grave men, find some secret pleasure or other, in beholdiig them, whom perhaps they have frequently seen before. And why ? What can be more pleasing ? What more happy? Yet I wish one of them would but talk a little with you, and reveal the inmost secrets of his mind to you ; and then you would judge quite differ- ently of them. When others think them happy, they themselves are often consumed with grief, or tortured with fear. No one in their kingdom is equal to them in misery, none in wickedness : whence it is commonly said, " Wickedness is a privilege of Royalty" King Henry * Robert de Belesme, Earl of Shrewsbury, the eldest son of Roger Montgomery; he was outlawed in 1102; and fled with his brother Amutjus, and Roger de Poktiers, to Normandy ; but returned in 1111, and was confined in Warham Castle. B b 38* APPENDIX TO Henry held his brother, Lord Robert, long time in prison ; 1 and kept him there till he died. He caused the eyes of his grand daughters to be pulled out; took many persons by treachery ; perfidiously and deceitfully slew many ; and did many things contrary to his solemn oath : ho was always a slave to ambition and avarice. What terrors of mind was he under, when his Brother Robert brought over an army from Normandy into England against him ? In .his fright, he entered into a treaty, and came to an agreement with him ; but in that he caused the principal of the Nobility to forswear themselves ; because he broke the agreement, and took his brother prisoner. What terrors did he suffer, whilst the Earl of Angers [Consul Andegavensis~\ seized his castles; nor dared he to march against him ? What terrors did he feel, when Baldwin, Earl of Flanders, burnt many of his towns and cities in Normandy, nor dared he to oppose him ? What grief and anguish of mind did he suffer, when his sons and daughters, and many of the Nobility with them, were swallowed up by the sea? With what trouble and anxiety was he overwhelmed, whilst William, his nephew, was taking Flanders, and he himself was under the apprehen- sion of certainly losing his crown ? And yet this man is generally accounted one of the happiest of Kings ; whereas it is certain he was very unhappy. What shall we say of Philip, King of France, and Lewis, his son, who reigned in our times? whose god was their belly, yea rather their deadly enemy ; for they indulged so much in eating, that they lost them- selves in fat; and were scarcely able to support their bodies. Philip died long ago by fat ; and Lewis, though young, is now dead with the same. What must we say in regard to their happiness? Was not Philip often conquered by his own subjects; forced often to flee before the vilest of men ? Was not Lewis too driven out of the field of battle, by King Henry; and often put to flight by his own subjects ? The King of Norway likewise but lately took his own brother, a King, captive ; plucked out his eyes ; cut off his privities, and his right foot ; beheaded his son, a sucking infant ; and hanged the Bishop who attended him : both these Kings were equally unhappy. But perhaps you will say to me ; why then do you extol and praise King Henry so highly, in your History, to whom you here impute such enormous crimes ? To which I answer ; I called him a King, great on account of his wisdom, deep in counsel, famous for his sagacity and foresight, glorious in arms, illustrious in his acts, particularly remarkable for his riches : and yet all these things I have here said of him, are very true ; and I could wish they had been otherwise. But perhaps you will still urge ; he reigned full thirty-five years, and much longer, if you take into the account the greater part of his reign spent in prosperity, than in adversity. On the contrary, I say, that not even a thousandth part of his state and condition can justly be reckoned prosperous: for those things which seemed prosperous, had always a great mixture of troubles in them. When he conquered the King of France in battle, with what long anxiety and distresses of mind was that short glitter of joy purchased ? I call it short ; because soon after another army was raised against him, which rekindled the fever of his mind. If then yon admire the length of his life and reign ; [remember that] a man of God prophesied that he had not two years to live : you will shortly see the unhappy end of his unhappy life. 1 could have wished, were it possible, it had been otherwise ; but, however, so it must be. Do not then admire 1 The Kin? kept Rnbert Curtoise, his brother, six years in prison, and blindness, where he died, and was buried in Glou- cester Cathedral— Speed. SUPPLEMENT. *3M admire those unhappy Kings ; but regard God alone, who is essentially happy, and gives a kingdom of happiness to those who are his. In the sixth and last place, I shall speak something of those Peers and Nobles of this kingdom, who lately were most high and powerful in it; bul are now brought down to weak- ness and impotency : for now they are nothing, they are no where to be found ; and, by an hyperbole it may almost be said, they have never been. At present hardly any one of them is remembered: all memory of them has begun to die; soon there will be none left; they shall come to nothing as water that passeth by. Hear then, Walter, my dearest friend and companion, my discourse of illustrious men ; though perhaps you will think it tedious only to hear of them ; notwithstanding we have often seen thein with our eyes. In our time flourished Archbishop Lan franc, 1 a philosopher, an eminent man : to him succeeded Anselm, 1 a philo- sopher too, and of distinguished piety : after them Ralph, 1 accounted worthy of that high dignity ; after him William, 4 ' of whose praises I cannot speak, because I meet with none ; and at this time Tedbald,' a man worthy of all praise. In our times Walkeline 6 was Bishop of Winchester ; to whom succeeded William Giffard, 1 a man of most noble descent ; these too are dead, and come to nothing; and now in their place is Henri/,* nephew of King Henry ; who is like to prove something extraordinary, being a compound of perfection and corruption, namely, a monk and a soldier. Ingulf m 9 was Bishop of Rochester in our time ; after 1 Lanfi-anc, whose name frequently occurs in the History of this Church ; and to whom a Prohibition and Precept, No. 6 and 7, page 10 and 11, in the Appendix, are addressed, was a powerful, wise, learned, and charitable Prelate. He re- built the Cathedrals of Canterbury and Rochester from the ground, as well as the Monasteries there, and improved the ver- sion of the Scriptures. See Notes, p. 58; Hist. vol. 1, passim; Appendix to do. p. 10, 11. 1 Anselm. Mr. Bent/tarn has treated largely of the controversy which took place between the King and this Primate, respecting the right of investi- ture, in the account of Abbot Richard. This Archbishop greatly promoted the fixing a new Bishoprick at Ely, and soli- cited the Pope's assent to the measure. His letters to Pope Paschal are given in the Appendix to vol. I of this History. See also Notes, p. 59. 3 Ralph was preferred to the Primacy, 1 1 14, five years after the death of his predecessor Anselm ; and was the very reverse of him, in point of temper ; for he is represented as a merry and jocose person, and was called the Jester: he died 1122. 4 William Corboil consecrated Nigellus, the second Bishop of Ely. See Notes, p. 67, where by mistake it is said he died in 1127, instead of 1136-7. History, vol. 1, p. 137. s Tedbald or Theobald, was elected A. D 1139. He was universally beloved for his courteous disposition. He bequeathed all that belonged to him, at the time of his death, to the poor ; reserving only as much as was necessary for his family occasions, and the exigencies of his lan- guishing condition. He died 11G0-1. 6 Walkeline, consecrated in 1070, was brother to Simeon, the ninth Abbot of Ely; whom he persuaded to receive Episcopal benediction, to the prejudice of the rights and liberties of the Monks; on which account they, for some time, disowned him. The brothers were related to the Conqueror. Walkeline was his Chaplain ; and when he proposed to rebuild the Cathedral and Monastery at Winchester, at his own expence, in 1079, the King gave him as much timber as he could cut down and carry away in three days, from his wood at Hempage, three miles from the city ; in which time the Bishop took away every tree from thence. The Cathedral was fit for service in 1093. He died in 1097. See History, vol. 1, p. 109, &c. and Appendix to do. p. 11, 17, 19. 7 William Giffard, nominated in 1100, and consecrated Bishop of Winchester in 1107, was a person of great zeal and piety. He was the only Prelate whom Anselm would consecrate, of those whom the King had invested, in opposition to the claim of the Bishop of Lincoln, to give his Episcopal Benediction, upon the election to a vacant See. He died A. D. 1128. See History, vol. 1, p. 115. 8 Henry de Bl lis, the King's nephew, son of Adela, the Conqueror's daughter, and brother to King Stephen. He was advanced to the See A. D. 1129, from the Abbacy of Glastonbury. His character has been variously represented. It is however allowed that he was a watchful guardian of the Church ; his contributions to that, and his charities, scarcely left him sufficient to procure victuals for himself and his dependants, in the latter part of his life: he died 1171. History, vol. 1, p. 139, 216. • Ingulfus or Gundulph, consecrated 1076, ejected the Secular Canons from Rochester ; and, being a Monk, introduced his brethren of the Benedictine Order He rebuilt the Church, enlarged the Priory, and ceased not to promote the interest* of the former, to the day of his death; which happened March 7, 1108, after enjoying the See 32 years under William I. and II. and Henry I. Bb2 40* APPENDIX TO after whom Ralph;' after him Ermdphus j* then John:* these are all dead; and now Ascelinus* soon to be in the same state. In our time Mauritius* died Bishop of London ; after him Richard; 6 and after him was Gislebert, 7 the great philosopher; and now Robert, 3 a man great of soul; and these likewise are dead. JoJm, a physician, was Bishop of Hath; 9 then Godfrey™ and after him Robert ;" and these too are now nothing. At Worcester was Samson,™ a very famous man ; after him Teulfus ; n and now we see Simon. 14 At Chester we have seen Robert 15 Bishop; then another Robert,' 6 surnamed Peccant; and now Roger,' 7 who will soon be nothing. At Norwich, Herbert' 9 was Bishop, a very benevolent and learned man, whose writings are extant ; to him succeeded Everard,' 9 a man of a very cruel dis- position, and for that reason deposed ; and now William.™ Hervey" was the first Bishop of Ely ; to whom succeeded NigellusS* Osmund 1 * was Bishop of Salisbury ; to him succeeded Roger, " Ralph or Rodolphus, a Norman Monk, succeeded Ingulpkus, A. D 1108, and was promoted to the See of Canterbury 1114. See History, vol. 1, p. 123. Appendix to do. p. 13, 17. 1 Ernulphus, a Monk, had been Prior of Canterbury; and Abbot of Peterborough, whence he was promoted to the See of Rochester, in 1115. He was a great benefactor to his Church He died 1123-4. 3 John, Archdeacon of Canterbury, was advanced to. Rochester, A. D. 1125, and dedicated the Cathedral, which was greatly damaged by a fire that broke out during the ceremony. He died 1137; and, Wharton informs us, he was succeeded by John, Bishop of Seez, in Normandy, who died about 1142, and was more like a plunderer than a pastor. For dint reason, perhaps, Henry of Huntingdon has not mentioned him. 4 Ascelinus was the Bishop to whom St. Bernard wrote his 205th epistle. He was an indefatigable guardian of the rights of his Church, to which he was advanced from being Prior of Dover in 1142. He died January 24, 1147. 5 Muuricius, who was promoted to the See of Loudon in 1085-6, laid the foundation of a new Church, the former being destroyed by fire, in 1087. He died in 1107. Vide Hist. p. 15, 112. 6 Richard Beaumor, consecrated in 1108, made considerable additions to St. Paul's Church, at his own expence. He died 1 127. See Appendix to Hist. vol. 1, p. 13, 15, 17. 7 See note 1, p. 36*. 8 Robert de Sigillo was a Monk of Reading, and made Bishop of London by the Empress Maud, in 1141 ; Geiffiey de Magnaville took him prisoner at Fulham. He sat eleven years, and died in 1151-2. Vide Appendix to Hist. vol. 1, p. 18, 19, 20. 9 John de Vittula, a Frenchman, succeeded Guiso, his countryman, in 1088; he purchased the city of Bath for 500 marks of King Henry I. and transferred his seat from Wells to that city in 1094. He built the Church of B/ith from the foundation., and presided over the See until 1122-3. He appears as a witness to the Charter No. IX. p. 17 of the Appendix to vol. 1. 10 Godfrey Teutonicus was Chancellor to the Queen, and consecrated Bishop of Bath and Wells in 1123. After a long dis- pute with the Canons of Wells, he died A. D. 1135. 11 Robert, a Monk of Lewes, in Sussex, succeeded Godfrey in 1135-6, and died 1165. In his time, it was decreed that the Bishops should be stiled from both Sees, the precedency given to B.ith, and that the Bishop should be elected by a certain number of Delegates from both the Churches, and installed in them both, which continued to be the practice till the Reformation. In 1137, the Church, with all its buildings, was deslroyed by fire, which this Prelate rebuilt. He also repaired the Church of Wells, and settled the differences with the Canons of that Church. 12 Samson, a Canon of Baieux, in Normandy, was consecrated Bishop of Worcester in 1097. This Prelate was brother to the Archbishop of York. He died 1112. 13 Theulf, Teulfus, Theulphus, Theobald, or Thewold, for by all these names he is called; was also a Prebendary of Baieux, and Chaplain to Henry 1. He was elected Bishop of Wor- sester in 1113, consecrated 1115, and died 1123-4. 14 Simon, Chaplain, some say Chancellor, to Adelaide, second Queen to Henry 1st, was elected Bishop of Worcester in 1125, and died about 1150. 15 Robert de Limesi or Lindsey, a Prebendary of St. Paul's, was nominated Bishop of Chester in 1102, and died 1116-17. He is witness to the Charters in the Appendix to vol. 1, p. 13, 15, 17. 16 Robert Peccam, Peche, or Pecaelam, Chaplain to Henry 1st, was consecrated 1121, and died 1127. 17 Roger de Clinton, advanced to Chester, from the Archdeaconry of Buckingham, was consecrated A. D. 1129; and died 1148. This See was part of Lichfield, but being removed to Chester, the Bishops were so stiled. It became a distinct See at the general dissolution. 18 Herbert de Losinga, formerly Abbot of Ramsey, removed the See from Thetford to Nonvich in 1094, where he began the Cathedral in 1096. He was Chancellor to Henry 1st in 1 103, and died 1119-20. See Notes, p. 60. 19 Everard, Ebrard, or Eborard, was Archdeacon of Salisbury, and elected Bishop of Norwich 1121, deprived in 1145, and died 1146, according to Blomfield; but Le Neve says 1149. He was Chaplain to William Rufus and Hemy 1st. 10 William Turbus or Turbeville, a Norman, and Prior of Noriuich, was consecrated Bishop of that See in 1146, and died 1173-4. See Hist. vol. 1. p. 141. XI He' vey. See Hist. vol. 1, p. 130. " Nigellus. See Hist. vol. 1, p. 137. 13 Osmond, who accompanied the Conqueror into England, was by him created Earl of Dorset, Lord High Chancellor of England, and Bishop of Salisbury ; the Cathedral of which he finished, considerably endowed, and dedicated in 1092. He was a zealous promoter of learning and religion. See Notes, p. 54. SUPPLEMENT. *4l Roger-, 1 a great man in secular matters, and the King's Justiciary ; and now Joceline. 1 — [_Osbem l was Bishop of Exeter; to him succeeded William* then Robert.'''] At Chichester, Ralph 6 was Bishop; in his place succeeded Pelochin, 7 [Seffrid apud alios] one of Gnatho's tribe, and for that reason deposed. Watcher 9 was Bishop of Durham; he was tumultuously slain ; after him was Randalf? who, by his extortion and rapacity, put all the kingdom in a llame ; to him succeeded GeoJJ'rj/,' and now William" At York, we remember Gerard 11, Archbishop; after him Thomas after In in Turstan, 1 * very praise-worthy, then William, 1 * Treasurer of the same Church. At Lincoln, in our time, lived Remigius ; to him suc- ceeded Robert, a very mild and compassionate man ; to them succeeded Alexander, 16 a man of great honesty and munificence. Hitherto of the Bishops. We both remember to have seen * Roger, Bisliop of Salisbury, is the first instance of the election of a Bishop in England, after the Conquest. Although he was elected in 1 103, he was not consecrated before 1107. See Notes, p. 67, Hi>toty, vol. 1, p. 142, and Appendix to do. p. 13, 17, 19, 20. 1 Joceline de Bailul was advanced to this See in 1143; he was a Lombard, and took an active part in the struggle betwixt the Ecclesiastical and Secular Powers, and was twice excommunicated by Archbishop Becket. He pre- sided 41 years, and died 1 1S4. See History, vol. }, p. 142. 3 Osbern or Osbert was consecrated Bishop of Exeter 1074. He was brother to the Earl of Hereford, and the second Bishop of that See after it was removed from Cornwall. He died 1103. 4 William War/ewast, consecrated 1107, others say 1112: resigned upon his becoming blind, and died 1127. — Vide the Charters in Appendix to vol. 1, p 13, 17. 5 Robert Chichester, elected 1128. He was advanced to the See from the Deanery of Salisbury, and died 1150. Vide Appendix to vol. 1, p. 13, 17. 6 Ralph was consecrated Bishop of Chichester 1091, and died 1123. He was one of the Prelates who attended the consecration of Thomas II. Archbishop of York, when he made his profession of canonical obedience to the Metropolitan Church of Canterbury. See Hist. vol. 1, p. 123. 7 Pelochin or Seffrid was advanced from the Abbacy of Glastonbury to the See of Chester in 11 25. He was originally a Monk of St. Martin de Seez, and brother to Ralph, Archbishop of Canterbury. He died 1 150. 8 Walter, or Watcher, Bishop of Durham, was a secular Priest and a person of noble birth. He was consecrated 1072, and murdered May 14:h, 1080, toge- ther with a hundred of his Clergy and attendants, by ihe country people of Gateshead, who burnt the Church into which they bad tl, d for sanctuary. See History, vol. 1, Note, p 34 Mr. Le Neve mentions Bishop Karleyho as his successor, who was consecrated 1080, and died 1095. 9 Randulph Flambard, a Secular, and Chaplain to Rufus, who made him his Chancel- lor and Treasurer, and elevated htm to the See of Durham in 1099. Henry 1st banished him, and seized upon the See, and dismembered it of Hexham and Carlisle. He was restored upon the peace between Henry and Robert, and died Bishop of Durham about 1128. See History, vol. 1, p. 112, 123 Appendix to do. p. 13, 15. 17. 10 Geoffry Rufus, Chancellor to Henry 1st. He built the Castle at Nortlmllerton, and the Chapter- House at Durham, and died 1140 " William de St. Barbara, advanced from the Deanery of York to the See of Durham in 1143, and died 1152. 11 Gerard was advanced to the See of York from Hereford in 1100. In consequence of his dying suddenly, he was buried in the Church-yard. Vide History, vol. 1, p. 116. 13 Thomas, the second Archbishop of that name in the See of York, son to Samson, Bishop of Worcester, was consec rated in 1109. He presided rather more than five years. The chastity of this Prelate is thus recorded by William of Newbery. " Verba Thomas Ebor. arch. Morituri quia recusabat concubitum mulieris, propter sulutem carnis ia-idem morituras immortale pudicitias decus non omittam." See Hist. vol. 1, p. 112, 123, 124. Appendix to do. p. 13, 14. 15. 14 Turstan, or Thurstan, a Canon of St. Paul's, and Chaplain to King Henry 1st. He strongly resisted the claim of Canter- bury to superiority ; and even renounced his election rather than he would receive consecration from Archbishop Ralph. On which account, although he was elected in 1114, he was not consecrated before 1119. Being very old and infirm, he resigned in 1139: and, according to Le Neve, died in 1140. But Drake says he sat 26 years, from his election to his resignation, in 1143; which is a space of 29 years. He is extolled for his learning, wisdom, and discretion; and represented as an excel- lent pastor and friend to both the Regular and Secular Clergy. 15 William de St. Barbara, the son of King Stephen's sister Emma, by Earl Herbert. He was Treasurer at the time he was elected Archbishop of York ; and was consecrated in 1 143-4; but the Pope would not grant his Pall. For such interest was made on behalf of Henry Murdac, that he consecrated him, in 1147, who continued in the See till his death in 1153; but never entered the city. After which, William was restored to all his honours, and received the Pall. He died in 1154. — Drake. 16 Alexander was a Norman, and brother to Roger, Bishop of Salisbury, Chief Justice of England, and Archdeacon of Salisbury. He was consecrated in 1123. He rebuilt the Cathe- dral, which was burnt the year after his. consecration. This Prelate died 1147- From his generosity he was called the Boun- tiful Bishop, and is thus characterised by a contemporary writer: — Et gratis dare festinans, ne danda rogentur, Quod nondum dedent nondum se credit habere. — Willis. See History, vol. I, p. 137, 138. Appendix to ditto, p. 19. 42* APPENDIX TO seen Hugh, Earl of Chester, 1 and Richard, his son, 2 and Randulf* their successor; and then another Randulf ;* all these are dead. Yon have seen that very wicked and very wise man in secular matters, Robert, Earl of Millent ; 5 and now his son Robert, little worthy of commendation. You have seen, likewise, Henri/, 6 Earl of Warwick, and his son Roger, 1 now living 1 , a man of an ignoble soul. And William, Earl of Warren,* Robert, Earl of Bdesme, 9 and Robert, Earl of Moretoil, of whom I have made mention in my History of England: and Symon, Earl of Huntingdon, 10 and Eustace, Earl of Bologne, 11 and many others: the very mention of their names is rather tedious; though, as they were all men of great power and authority, some may think them most worthy of attention ; others, scarce worthy of having their names recited ; nay, even this parchment, on which their names are written, may be lost and thrown away ; and we shall scarcely, perhaps, find eyes that will read them. Few perhaps will even now be found who will think worth while to read through this very Epistle, which contains the names of many most potent men, and therefore might seem very worthy of some kind of remembrance. Why should I mention Aldwin,™ my master, Abbot of Ramsey, and his successor, Bernard,™ and afterwards Remald,^ a cunning, artful, but ill-tempered man, and now Walter,* 5 a man of more pleasing manners? And these, where are they? Turald, 16 Abbot of Peterborough, and Ernulf, i7 and Math ias, ]S and Godric, ] 9 and John, 'Hugh, Earl of Chester. Hugh D'Abrincis (Lupus) Earl oF Chester, created by the Conqueror in 1070. Hugh, Earl of Chester, and others, associated with Rol/ert de Mowbruy, were taken prisoners, and seveiely punished by Rufus, in 1094 — And in 109S, the Earls of Chester and Shrewsbury invaded Wales. — Rapin. 2 Richard. See note 2, p. 34*. 3 Raiduff de Meschines, was created Earl of Carlisle, Cumberland, and Chester, by the Conqueror. Another of the same name was created Earl of Chester by Henry the First, in 1103. He joined with Robert, Earl of Gloucester, half brother to Maud, the Empress, against Stephen, 1141, in the battle of Lincoln. A third wjs created Eail of Chester by Henry the First. 4 Another Randuff. Ralph de Blundeville, (Duke of Brelagne, Earl of Chester and Lincoln), Earl of Richmond, cieated by Henry II. A. D. 1187. 5 Robert, Earl of Millent, Earl of Gloucester. See note, p. *35. 6 Henry, Earl of Warwick. Henri/ de Nieubourgh, created by the Conqueior in 1078, whom Speed calls "right nohie, virtuou-, and learned." 7 Roger, his son, de blunounde. 8 William, Earl Warren's name is affixed to the Charter of Henry 1st, A. D. 1108, for changing the Abbey of Ely into a Bishop's See; and to several of the Charters in the Appendix to vol. 1 of this work ; which person we suppose to be the Earl created by Rufus in 1088. William de Blois was created Earl of Warren and Surrey by King Stephen in 1148. He united with King Stephen against the Nobles; and, jointly, commanded a wing of the Royal Army, at the battle of Lincoln, in 1141. Stow »iys he was in the Crusade against the Sai at ens in 1148. 9 Robert, Earl Belesme, Earl of Shrewsbury; the eldest son of Roger Montgomery. This man is described, by all the early writers, as a bloody and unnatural wretch. See note, p. *37. '° Simon de Liz v»as created Earl of Hunting- don and Northampton, by the Conqueror, in 1073. Among the names to the Charier of Henry I. of 1108, belbre mentioned, is " Simon Comitis," without any other title. Q"eiy, if it was this Personage? 11 Eusiace, Earl of Bologne, Kin-> Stephens second son. The title was conferred upon him, bring the inheritance of his Mother Maud. This Prince died in 1152. 12 Aldwin was made Abbot of Ramsey in 1091 and sat eleven years, when he was deposed by Ansdm, together with Richard, Abbot of Ely and remained so fne years. He was then restored, and continued in the office four years, when he dud. See History, vol. 1, p. 116, 117. 13 Bernard was Abt»ot during the time that Aldwin was deposed, and then died. 14 Ranald or Reginald was elected Abbot of Ramsey in 1114. He began the new Cliurch two years after, which was fit for sen ice in 1123 He died after he had sat sixteen years 15 Walter succeeded Ranald in 1133; and, ten years after that. Geqffry MandevU», Earl of Essex, excelled all the Monks. 16 Turold, a Norman, was placed in the Abbacy of Peterborough, by the Conqueror, where he presided 28 years, ami died in 1098. Dr. Patrick has done that justice to his character which preceding uri ers had denied him. Mr Stevens has arranged Turold's Successors differently to what they stand m Henry <-f Huntingdon's Letter, and, instead of second makes Ernul,ih the third Abboi after Turold. 17 Ernulph was a French Monk; afierwards, a Monk and Piior of Canterbury, and elevated to ttie Abbacy of Peterborough by Anselm, and thence to the See of Rochester, in 1114 or 15, where he died 1124, at the advanced age of 84 years; leaving, accord- ing to Stevens, many monuments of his virtue. 18 Mathius was elected in 1103, and died the same day twelve months after; and the Abbacy was vacant, according to Bishop Patrick, four years. 19 Godric (placed the second after Turold, b\ Stevens), held the office only one year, being displaced by Lanfranc ; and, after anoiher vacancy of four years, Henry isi appointed Mathtus, SUPPLEMENT. *43 John, 1 and Martin, 1 whom we have seen ; they are all extinct, and come to nothing. But, perhaps, yon will ask, Why, after mentioning those that are dead, I add at the end such as are living, and say they are now come to nothing; ? The reason is this: as the dead are Come to nothing, so will these soon come, or, to speak more freely, are come to nothing; for, as Tully saith, our life, as we call it, is more truly death : from the moment a man begins to live, he begins to die. — 1 pass over those great and famous men, Ralph Basset, 1 and his son Richard, and Geoffrey Ridels Justiciaries of all England, and numberless others; to whom I formerly took great pleasure in paying my devoirs; but now they are dead, I almost grudge the little trouble of writing their names. Think then, Walter, what nothingness the present life is : and, as we see the most potent of men, who have been in full posses- sion of all its riches, and whatever this world could afford, yet have really effected nothing, so, lest we too should be involved in the same case ; let us seek for another path of life, in which we may hope for and obtain real happiness. Arise then, my brother, arise and seek ; because that which you have sought for in this life, you have never found. Was not Alex- ander, King of Maecdon, a man, if I may so say, more than most mighty, killed by a little poison ? He found not what he sought for. And was not Julius Ccesar, a man equally, if not more mighty, when he had subdued all things, stabbed to death with daggers? That which he sought for, he found not. Seek then that which may be found ; seek a life after this life ; for life is not to be met with in this life. O, Great God ! how justly are we called mortals ! for our Death, from the time that we begin to live, is incessant : and that which is called death, is in reality the end of our death. Whatever we do, whatever we say, from the time it is done, or said, immediately dies. The memory indeed of those things, as is the case of a dead person, lives a little while ; and when that shall perish, then like a second death, it reduces all our sayings and all our doings to mere nothing. Where is that which I did yesterday ; where that which I said? They have already come to nothing. And where is that which I said or did a year ago? Where that which I said or did this very day? They are alike swallowed up in the eternal death of oblivion. Let us then wish for and desire death in this death ; for we shall not escape this death of living, but by the death of the body ; which is truly the intermediate state of death and life. Before I had finished this my Epistle, I was informed that my friend to whom I wrote it, had yielded to the law of death. O abject lot of mortals of being born, miserable of living, and hard lot of dying! O Death, how soon dost thou overtake us ! how unexpectedly dost thou rush upon us ! how mightily dost thou overwhelm us ! He that is the true Physician after death, give thee, Walter, the medicine of his mercy and goodness, that thou mayest obtain a life of everlasting health. And now, since I cannot send you an Epistle, I shall only with tears write your Epitaph, as a small token of my love and esteem for you. Epitaphium 1 John of Salisbury, or de Says, (a corruption of Sen, in Normandy, where he was a Monk), became Abbot of Peter- borough in 1115 He began the new Church about 1117; the old one, and most of the buildings belonging to it, being nearly destroyed by fre. He died of dropsy in 1 125, and was succeeded, Stevens says, by Henry of Anjou in 1126; of whom He-ry of Huntingdon takes no notice ; probably on account of the fraud ;ind covetousness, for which, it is said, he was banished in 1133. Neither is there any mention of him in the Calendar of the Church. % Martin de Victi, from the Isle of Wight, by some writers called Mat tin Cook, was advanced by Heniy 1st, in 1133, to the Abbacy of Peter- borough, from being Prior of St. Ncot's He presided about 22 years, and died in 1155. 3 Ralph Basset and Geoffrey de Clinton, Chief Justices to Henry 1st, are witnesses to several Charters of this Church, in vol. 1, Appendix. 4 Geoffrey Ridel, Bishop of Ely. bee History, vol. 1, p. 142. 44* APPENDIX. EPITAPH1UM. Henricus tibi serta gerens, epigrammata primum, Prcelia mox Veneris, germina' deinde tuli. Nunc Waltere tibi fero carmen funebre totus, Alter ab Henrico qui tria serta tulit. Dimidius perii : periit meus et decor et lux ; Formaque mensque viri, mens caritale pari : Mens assueta viris* dare magna, tamen pudibunda Mente minora sua se tribuisse videns. Mens assueta viri quantum-lib et alia parare ; Sed ciim multa paret, xenia parva timet. Mens assueta viri feslivo tradere vultu, Lceticidque pari congeminare datum. Mens assueta viri dare sic, ne danda rogentur, Prceveniens vocem, bina ferente, manu. Nil medium nil par magnis vir summus habebat. Summa Dei sit ei gratia, grata quies. ' Gramina. 1 Viri. 3 Pudibunde. Anglia Sacra, vol. 2, p. 702. (6.)_A SHORT ACCOUNT of the CULIMITES. In answer to the Articles of Inquiry issued by Bishop Mawson, respecting the number and sorts of Dissenters, in 1755 ; the Churchwardens of Wisbech St. Mary's returned, there were 90 families in their parish. 15 of which are called Culimites : a sect so little known, that Mr. Bentham transcribed the following account of their Founder, for publication, apparently from the Bishop's Register : — " The Culimites were so called from their founder, one David Culey, who lived about the "time of the Revolution, and was, as I have been informed, a native of Guyherne (a ham- " let of Wisbech St. Peter's ; ) most of the inhabitants of which place became his followers, " and many also of Whittelsea, Wisbech St. Mary's, Outwell, and Upwell ; till at length his " flock, from very small beginnings, was increased to seven or eight hundred ; but since " his death, which happened about the year 1718, it has been continually on the decline, " and is now so much reduced, that according to the account returned in by the Church- ; pulverized in twenty-four hours, 39. Body of Bishop Foutibus found, 76. Boix Dr. account of, 123. Bole Richard, anecdote of, 134. Boniface ABp. no friend to the Monks, 78. Books, Vestments, &c. used in Churches, 53. Books, inestimable value of at the early periods of Eng- lish literature, 133. Book binder's wages, 1396, Sup. 51, n I. Bourchier Bishop, his contemporaries famous, 93; resigns the seals, 94. Bowbrickhill Church repaired by Dr. Browne Willis, 5. Boyland Sir Richard, fined 2000 marks, 81. Brasses Sepulchral, Gough's account of, 134. Brassless Slab, before Alcpck's Chapel, 139. Bray Henry, fined 1000 marks, 81. Brian Reginald, Bishop of Worcester, and his brother Sir Guy, 88. Bricklayers, wages of, Sup. 66. Brithnoth Bishop, his skill in gardening, 44. Brifhnoth Duke, 46, 47. Britons ancient, never committed their acts to writing, 6. Brownrigge Ralph, account of, 129« Buckeridge Bishop, disputed with Fisher, 109. Buckton Prior, his funeral expences, Sup, 52. Building, *50 INDEX. Building, various styles of, in one, 136. Building materials, prices of, Sup. 66. Buildings of the Monastery appropriated, Sup- 49, n I. Burgh Hubert de, first divulged King John'b excommu- nication, 74. Burial, rites previous to, 64. Bursar's accounts, extracts from, Sup. 53. Burton Dr. elected Fellow of C. C. C. Cambridge, at the age of 17, particulars of, 1. Burying in Churches! when first took place, 12; in lead, when first adopted, 37'. various methods of, ibid. Buttresses, used by the Britons, 21. C Cambrian manuscripts, 145. Campanile, 150. Candles and Tapers, 62 ; price of, Sup. 52. Cannon Robert, his intention to censure Dr. Brett, 124. Canonical hours or tide songs, 52. Canons, number of, in 1401, 119; who so denominated, Sup. 47, n 4. Canute King, abolished Paganism, 50 ; his character 52. Capa, meaning of, Sup. 53, n 2. Capitals, Roman and Saxon, on Ovin's Cross, 35. Caps allowed the Monks during service, 79- Caractacus, 145. Carpenter's wages, &c. Sup. 66. Castle at Norwich, account of, 65. Cathedral of Ely, begun between 1082 and 1094; east end, adjoining cross, tower at the intersection, part of the nave, and the choir fitted up by Abbot Richard; service first performed in it, 1106; whole of the body finished, 1174; foundations of west cross, tower, vestibule, and porch carried up higher than the nave, before 1174 5 upper story of north-west transept finished, and the great west tower carried above the roof by Bishop Ridel, Sup. 58. The gahlee built by Bishop Eustace; tran- sept in the Saxon and Norman stile; the north once as high as the south tiansept ; a building prior to the pre- sent galilee, Sup. 59. Cathedrals rebuilt, 29 5 s<"te of at Ely, by Fuller, 138. Cavalini Peter, a Roman Sculptor, 35. Ceadda, Ceada, or Chad, 34. Ceilings, Italian Churches without, 137. Cemeteries, anciently apart from Churches, 12. Chair, marble, at Westminster, 89. Chamber guard at Caen, Sup. 48. Chapel of Henry VII. at the head of the sera from 1 460 to 1530, 32! Bishop Ah ock's described, Sup. 68; Bp. West's described, ibid; St. Stephen's begun and finish- ed, Sup. 64 ; King's, at Cambridge, 33. Characters Longobardic, similar to Saxon, 35. Charter, Edgar's, why forged, 144. Chichely ABp. opposed the See of Rome, 92. Chirograph, its meaning, 45. Choir, Mr, Bentham's zeal for the removal of, 4. Christ's Figure at Ely, 151. Christianity not known in Fi ance before the 4th century, 6. Church and Convent, account of, Sup. 41. Church, derivation of the word, 9« Churches of primitive Christians, 6; of France aad their Founders, 14; of stone, not general till after the Nor- mans, 11; St. Martin's, Canterbury, ib. ; Carter's dates of Saxon, 21 ; circular east ends to, 18 ; early, in Cam- bridgeshire, Sup. 44, n 1. Church-yards first added by St. Cuthbert, 12. Clarke Christopher resigns Rectory of Hayes, 130. Clergy at the battle of Berwick, 85; depravity of in 1487, 97; their possessions from 10th to 11th century, 40 ; secular character of misstated, Sup. 46, n I. Clifford Richard, his consecration dispensed with in the Church of Canterbury, 134. Cloveshoos, Council of, 37. Cnobbeisburgh, now Burgh Castle, 9. Coat of Armour, 141. Coffins of wood, marble, &c. 37, 38. Coinage of the Saxons, 47. Coldingham, Nuns of, their cruel treatment, 41, Cole Henry acknowledged Henry VIII. 'a supremacy, 135. College prior to St. Peter's, Cambridge, 80. Collegia and Monasteria, difference between, Sup. 4(3, n 1. Collins Samuel, his Epitaph, 131. Colonia Lond inensuim, now Richborou<£h. 7. Colours for Painting, prices of, Sup, 65. Columba, place of nativity not known, 7. Col vile Robert, 120. Concurrence, remarkable one of Prelates, 93. Coningtou and Hinton, 79. Conqueror, title of, when first used, 55 ; cruelties of Wil- liam the, ib. Convents, common among the Saxons; Folkeston the fir»t, Sup. 42, n. Copes professional, 8 4. Corbet's Epigram on Robert Wisdom, 136. Corboil ABp. encouraged Stephen's usurpation, 67. Corn, the price of in 1337, Sup. 53- Corrody, meaning of the word, Sup. 53, n 5. Council of Pipewell, 71. Coustances, Church at, in Normandy, 137. Cow, value of a, by the laws of Ethelred, 51. Cowper, the poet, buried at East Dereham, 45. Cox Bishop, a destroyer of books, 104, 105. Cromwell, anecdote of, and Bishop Wren, 111. Crosses, account of, various, 34. Crowden Chapel described, Sup. 47. Crowden Prior, account of, 117, 1 18. Croyland peal of bells, 150. Crypt at York, Mr. Halfpenny's account of, 28. Cuthbeit St. account of, 38. D Danish invasion and horrid plunder, 40. Danes John, M r. Noble's observations upon, 130. Denny Abbey Church, Sup. 44, u I. Difference between Saxon and Norman Architecture, 22. Dimensions of the Conventual Church, Sup. 43 ; of Dun- wich Church, ib. 44, n 1 ; of the Lady Chapel, ib. 6l. Dispute between St. Alban's and Ely Monks, 84, 85. Doomsday book meaning of the, 57. Dominus, meaning of the word, Sup. 47, n 1. Doncaster Cross dtsrribed, 34. Dormitory, account of, 62. Dorsale, the meaning of, 11 7, note. Dowsing William, his curious report of the Chapel of Beue't College, 122; a destroyer of monuments, ib. D'Oyly Thomas and Matthew, family of, in Norfolk, 130. Dunstable Church, its motley appearance, 136; its Priors had the power of life and death, 1 17. Dunstan St. account of, supposed inventor of the iEolian harp, 43. Dunwich Church built by King Anna, 9; same date a? Conventual Church at Ely, Sup. 44, n 1. Durham and Waltham naves same date as Ely, 24. Eadmer writes the history of his own times, 59. Eatdorman, the meaning of, 34. Edgar, character of, 41. Edgar Atheling, Dr. Sayers' account of, 56. Edgitha, anecdote of, 55. Edward the Martyr, character of, 48. Edward the Confessor, do. 54. Edward King, his frequent demands on the Clergy, 89. Elfrida Queen, endeavours to atone for her crimes, 45. Elizabeth INDEX. *5l Elizabeth Queen, her letter to Bishop Heton, 106 ; anec- dote of, 124, 125. Elmham, seat of a Flamen, 48. Elphege, account of, 49. Elsworth Thomas de, his grant to Bishop Hugh, 80. El v Minster, Fuller's observations on, 118; Porta, Con- fessor's arms on the front of ; Prior's Courts held there ; its present uses, Sup. 50, n 3. Embroidery, employment of Saxon Ladies, 47. Epigram, Prior's, on Dr. Gower, 130, note. Erard William received temporalis of Ely, 92. Erigena Johannes Scotus, account of, l6. Erkengota, Daughter to Ercoinbert, Sup. 42, D. Essex Mr. account of, 138. Ethelbert St. altar of, &c. 69. Etheldreda, Bede's hymn to, 37 ; description of her mar- riage, 38 ; account of her shrine, &c. 58. Ethelred, death of, 49. Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, 43. Eusebius, Father of Ecclesiastical History, 6. Eustachius, surety for King John, 74. Eii>en, the earliest British Female Saint, 146. Extracts from Precentor's accounts, 51 ; ditto Bursar's, 5 > : ditto Almoner's, 53 ; ditto Sacrist's, 64, Sup. F Fabian, orders respecting his burial, 75. Fairs and Feasts origin of, 51. Farms let on condition of finding provisions for the Abbot weekly, 51. Feasts given at Episcopal Installations, 141. Fee, Attorney's, in 1520, Sup. 52 ; ditto Physician's, ib. Felix, account of, 41. Felton Bishop, particulars of, 108, 109- Figure of our Saviour at Ely, 23. Figures on the wall of the Choir, 144. Finch Hon. Henry, 126. Fish, figure of, on the tombs of early Christians, its origin, 102. Fitzralph's consecration to Worcester, 72. Fleetwood Bishop, interesting anecdotes of, 1141 his ex- cellent character, ibid. Floor tiles, Sup. 48, n I. Folkeston the first Convent, Sup. 42, n. Fontibus John de, his body found, 76. Fordham Bishop, particulars of, 91 ; brought in state, and interred in Lady Chapel, Sup. 67. Foxton Church built about 1456, 64. French Architecture, 14- French, laws administered in, 9; language generally adopted, ibid. Frette ornament,- 23. Frontale, the meaning of, 1 17, n. Fuller's reinaik on the dissensions of York and Lancaster, 97; his account of the Cathedral, 138. Fuller Dean, persecution of, 122. Furseus, or St. Fursey, 9- ^ Galilee, why so named, 153; its style like the west front of Salisbury, 137; at Ely described, Sup. 60. Gardens and Orchards at Ely, 44; ditto, Sup. 53. Gerard A Bp. refused obedience to Canterbury, 60. ( iildas, the most ancient British writer, 6. Glass, introduction of, 14; painted and stained, 29; materials for colouring, 30 ; mode of painting upon, ibid; prices of, Sup. 65. Glastonbury, Church there, 10. Glazier Vitrearius, Sup. 64 ; wages of, 65. Gloucester Cathedral, dates of various parts, 22/ altar floor, Sup. 48, n 1. Gloves not known in England in the ninth century, 47. Gocelin, a very learned monk and writer, 59. Goodrich Bishop, stiled the King's Chaplain, 102. Gothic Architecture, opinions respecting tiie term, 25. Gothic Characters prevailed to the end of the 16th cen- tury, 35. Gower Humphrey Dr. various opinions concerning, 129; Epigram upon by Prior, 130. Granges and Manors near Ely, 62. Gray Bishop, curious letter from his register, 95. Greek characters used by the Britons in public and private accounts, 6. Gregorian C haunt, 8. Gregory the Great oilers to convert the Saxons, ibid. Grimoald Nicholas, learned in the classics, 103. Guard Chamber at Caen, Sup. 48, n I. Giinn Rev. Win. his Remarks on vol. 1, 145. Gunning Bishop, a generous friend to Dr. Tucknev, 1 12. H Habits of the Monks of Ely, Sup. 52, n 6. Hale Bernard, portrait of him, 125. Hall Stephen, his Epitaph, 124. Hampden's Remonstrance, a copy found of, 113. Hardicauute, an example of intemperance, 53. Harold Harefoot, his bloody policy, ibid. Harold, 2d of that name, his death, 55. Harrington Sir John, his remark on Queen Elizabeth, 106. Harrison Mr. Rector of Melding, 1 id. Hawkeston and Wicham, 63, 6'j. Hawkins Nicholas, error respecting, 135. Heads of Men and Animals for spouts, 23. Hearts buried separately, 72. Heaton Henry, writer of the Athenian letters, 124. Helena discovers the Cross, 44. Helle, a chamber so called at Ely, Sup. 54. Henry VII.'s Chapel florid Norman, 32; his figure found in Bishop Alcock's Chapel, Sup. 69. Henry Prior, time of his death, 116. Herbert Losinga, Bishop of Norwich, 60. Hervey Bishop, additional particulars concerning, 6.5. Heton Bishop, anecdote of, 105; Queen Elizabeth's let- ter to, 106. Hide of land, 41. Hingham Sir Ralph fined 3000 marks; his family, 81, note. Hiuton and Coiiington, 79. Honoiius A Bp. of Canterbury, 9. Hopton Sir Walter fined 2000 marks, 81. Horses value of by the laws of Ethelred, 51 ; price of the furniture of one, Sup. 52. Hotham Bishop, anecdote of, 86; his bequests to Ely, ib. Hough Bishop, account of by Mr. Eardley Wilmot, 94. Hubert ABp. of Canterbury, 73. Hutton Matthew, place of his birth, 128. Hume alludes to the encroachment made on the indepen- dence of the Church, 36. Hymn, remarkable mention of Pagan fiction in one, 37. I James King, anecdote of and Bishop Andrews, 107; re- marks of, &c. on Bishop Patrick, l 13. Janitor, an inferior officer, Sup. 54. Ignorance classical, instance of, 83. Images of God ordered at a Synod, 44; Fusebius's ac- count of, among the early Christians, ibid. Improvements in Saxon Architecture, 21. Ina King, lays out vast sums on a Churth, 10. Incorporation of Saxon with Norman works, 21. Indulgences for building Churches, &c. 5 ! various issued, 100; a plenary one, 102. Ink, materials for making ; Indian used, Sup. 51, n 1. Installation Feasts done away, 141. Intersecting arches, Sup. 44, n 1. Introduction, Mr. Bentham's defended, 2. Inventory of the Rooms of the Monastery, Sup. 47, n 6. John Dd *52 INDEX. John King, his sureties, &e. 74. Joseline Bishop, 67, note. Isleham Church, Sup. 44, n 1. Judges corruption of, 80, 81. Justus, an assistant of Augustine, 8. K Kalendar Wynkyn de Worde's, 100. Ketene Bishop, character of, 84; his gifts to the Cathe- dral, 85. Kilkenny Bishop, called also Kilkenny, 78, 79. King Mr. his remarks on Architecture, &c. 2. King's College Chapel, Cambridge, 33. Singers at Ely, Sup. 52. Kirkeby Bishop, refuses the Archdeaconry of Coventry, 80; his death and Epitaph, 81. Knight Dr. Samuel, intended to publish a History of the Cathedral, 132. L Lady Chapel, query respecting, 153 ; entrance to old one; new one begun 1321, finished 1349' dimensions of, Sup. 6l ; description of, ib. 62, 63 ; keepers* list of, ib. 67. Lamborn, Engraver, account of, 2. Land, an acre of the best near Ely, its value, St. Laney Bishop, gave 500/. towards building St. Paul's, 112. Lanfranc made A Bp. by the Conqueror, 58. Laiigham Bishop, account of, 89- Langton John de, Bishop of Chichester, 83. Lastingham Church, account of, 20. Laud A Bp. arts practised to blacken, 122. Laurentius not so successful as Augustine, 6l. [37. Learning ancient, would have been lost but for the Monks, Leather, the price of in 1396, Sup. 51, u 1. Leicester Koger, fined 1000 marks, 81. Lempster Dr. Walter, Physician, 96. Leofsin, his gifts to the Church of Ely, 53. Leofwin consecrated by command of Canute, 50, Lestingay or Lastingham Monastery, 34. Liberi or Freemen, 57. Library extensive, of Bishop Patrick, 113. Library of Monastery, Sup. 51; ditto in the Cathedral, ibid. 71. Limits of the Isle of Ely, 45; do. of Monastery , Sup. 51. Lincoln Cathedral, 24. Lithbury Robert fined 1000 marks, 81. Lodge, the Prior's, account of, Sup. 47. Lougchamp Robert, particulars concerning, 72; his merits contested, 73 ; imprisons High Sheriff at York, &c. 71 ; Browne Willis's error respecting, 116; Dean Steward's account of, 117' Losinga or Losing Herbert Bishop, 60. Love Dean, his conversation with Dowsing, 122. Loveton Sir John fined 6Q00 matks, 81. Lucius King, 6, and 145. Luda Bishop, consecrated by ABp. Canterbury, 81 ; in- stalled by Archdeacon, ib. ; extract from his will, 82. Luxemburgh Bishop, Monument of, 92, 93. Lydgate John, Mr. Warton's account of, 92. Lysons Mr. differs in opinion with Mr. Bentham, 56. Lyttleton Bishop, account of, 2 ; on Norman and Saxon Architecture, 22. M Manors, &c. in Suffolk, 67. Marble coffin, 38; chair, at Westminster, 89; Purbeck, Drake's account of, Sup. 63, n. Mare, value of a, by the laws of Ethelred, 51. Martin St. Church of, at Canterbury, 11. Mawson Bishop, his liberality, Sup. 74. Meldeburn, situation of, 66. Meldreth, ditto, ibid. Mellitus converted Sebert, 8. Millewaj-d Rose tried for murdering her husband, 92. Minstrels at Ely, their fee, Sup. 53. Miracles, 40. Miserere, or shelving seats in the Choir, Sup. 74, n. Mitre worn by the Priors, Sup. 47, n 3. Monasteria and Collegia, difference between, Sup. 46, n 1. Monasteries for both sexes, 36; Schools for education, 37 ; plan of, 6l. Monastery at Ely, account of, Sup. 46; residence of Sub- Prior, ib. 45, n 3; residence of Sacrist, ibid, n 4; his office, ib. n 8 ; the Infirmary, ib. n 5; Cellarer's office, ib. n6; Hostelary, ib. n 7; rooms in the Monastery, ib. 47, n 6; offices in do. ib. ; the Prior's Lodge, ibid; appropriation of the rooms at the Dissolution, ibid. 49* n 1 ; Porter of the Monastery hereditary, ib. n 3; Al- monry, ibid. 51; northern limits, ibid.; the Garden, Orchard, and Vineyard, ib. 53; School, ib. ; Scripto- rium and Library, ib. 51 ; copy of the surrender, ib. 55. Money Saxon, value of, 47. Monk of Jumiege, 58. Monks, treatment of when sick, 64; of Ely, their habits described, Sup. 53, n 6; number of, ib. 55; interred in Lady Chapel, ib. 67. Montacute Bishop excommunicates a man for stealing a hawk, 87. Month's-mind, the meaning of, 75. Monument of Tiptoft, 139. Monuments, removal of, ibid. Monumental effigies insculptured, 77, 78. Moore Bishop, his valuable collection of books, 113. More William, his preferments, 120. Morgan Bishop, account of, 91, 92. Morton Bishop, proclamation for apprehending, 97; his character variously drawn, 98; Thomas, his nephew, ib. Moss Dean, Dr. Green's attempt against, 122. Mottrum Adam de, Archdeacon of Canterbury, 134. Mynding days, the meaning of, 75. N Nalson Mrs. Letters to, 131. Nevil ABp. recommendation of, 95. Nevile Thomas, Dean of Canterbury, 125. New work, what so called, Sup. 58. Newton, situation of, 66. Nicholas de Ely entertains 7000 persons, 133. Nicholas, the Legate, neglects the Papal party, 74. Nigellus, his presents, 69. Nolarium, 150. Norgate John, citizen of London, 108. Norgate Edward, son of the Prebendary, account of, 125. Northwold Bishop, consecrated at Canterbury, 76 ; his monumental effigy, 77. Norwich Castle, account of, 65 ; remains of an ancient building pulled down there in 1805, 15. Number of Religious Houses dissolved, Sup. 55. O Oats, the price of in 1335, Sup. 53. Obsolete words in Cookery explained, 142. Octagon, Mr. Essex's observations respecting, 137 ; dc» scription of, Sup. 72. Odo Bishop, only one representation of him, 58. Officers and servants of the Monastery at Gloucester, 6l • inferior, the names of, at Ely, Sup. 55. Otford John, or Ufford, 133. Opulent persons turned monks, 48. Orford Church and Castle built by King Anna, 9. Organs introduced in the seventh century, 20 ; expence of a new one, Sup. 51, n 1 ; portable ones, ib. n 3. Organist, his salary, Sup. 51. Osculatorium-Pax, meaning of, 96, 97- Osmund mistaken for Bishop of Salisbury, 54. Ossuarium or Sarcophagus, 38. Oswald Bishop, of Danish extraction, 43. Ovinus, INDEX. *53 Ovinus, Chief Minister of Etheldreda, retires to the Mo- nastery at Lastingham, 20. Ox, the value of in Ethelred's reign, 51. P Paganism general till Canute's time, 50. Painted Sculpture, 15. Painters in oil, wages of, Sup. 65 ; materials for painting, ib. 65, 66. Pall or Pallium, description of, 49. Paradisus, 148. Parchment, tlie price of in 1300, Sup. 51, n 1. Pardons, Pope Gregory the inventor of, 102. Papa, the word Hist erased in the accounts, Sup. 53. Parker ABp. his sumptuous fare, 104; his curious staff, 105! various particulars of, 124, 125. Parvis, meaning of the word, 148. Pater Nosters, a belt of explained, 17. Patrick St account of, 7. Patrick Bishop, particulars concerning, 112; attempt to oppose his right, 131. Pattesle Thos. built Shelford Church, 134. Paulinus ABp. of York, 9. Peacock feast described, 143. Pearson John bequeathed 2501. to build St. Paul's, 124. Penances enjoined by Edgar, 46. Peine Dean, particulars concerning, 121. Peterborough Cathedral built of Barnack stone, 23. Peterborough Henry, Piior, struck dumb, 120. Physic, little knowledge of in 14th century. 96. Physician's fee, Sup. 52. Pdlars and Arches from column to column, 14. Pipewell, Council of, 71. Places, names of Farms belonging to the Abbey, 51. Plague Great, account of, 1349, 87, 88. Plate, &c. taken away from treasury at Ely, 67 ; at the Surrender, Sup. 53, n 7 ; taken away at the Surrender of the Religious Houses, 121. Players at Ely, Sup. 53. Pledging, origin of, 49. Pointed Architecture, different opinions upon, 26. Pointed Arch, opinions upon the origin of, 27. Pontys John de Bishop, 82. Poor relieved at the Monasteries, 64. Poore Bishop, account of, 25. Porter of the Monastery, important office, Sup. 54. Porticus, Mr. Bentham's definition of defended, 12, 148. Possessions of the Monastery, amount of, Sup. 55 ; of the Regular Clergy, ibid, n 1. Powcher William, Prior, invests the Sacrists with Eccle- siastical authority, 119. Precentor's Accounts, Extracts from, Sup. 51, n 1. Priests attended the battles of the Saxons, 49. Prelates, a remarkable concurrence of, 93. Presbyterium in ancient Churches, 152. Present made at Q- Ann Boleyn's Coronation, Sup. 52. Preston Robert fined 1000 marks, 81. Priests in Orders, Sir prefixed to names of, Sup. 50, n 9. Prior Buckton's Funeral, expence of, Sup. 52. Prior Richard, the Diocese left in his charge, 116. Prior the, governed the Monks ; was appointed by the Bishop ; afterwards by the Monks, Sup. 4b' ; lived sepa- rately ; wore a mitre; was summoned to Parliament; stiled Dominus; ranked as Dean in other Cathedrals, ibid. 47. Prynne, his ridiculous treatise, 111. Psalms to be sung, 17. R Ram, value of in reign of Ethelred, 51. Refections or meals of the Monks, 62. Reformation of the Clergy, trifling injunctions issued re- specting, 97. Regals or portable organs, Sup. 51, n 3. Relics of Saints introduced by Augustine, 8 ; quarrels re- specting, 40. Removal of monuments, 139. Revenues of Religious Houses, &c. dissolved, Sup. 55, n 1. Reverend, application of the word, Sup. 47, n 1. Richard Beam or Beaumor, Bishop of London, 60. Richard, Prior of Dover, his state of the Clergy towards the twelfth century, 70. Richardson Thomas, his epitaph and portrait, 128. Richhorongh, the ancient Colonia Londinensinrn, 7. Ridel Bishop, his donations to the Church, 70. Rippon Minster, the best specimen of Norman style, 15. Robert of York kept the vacant livings, 76. Rochester, Chief Justice, fined 4000 marks, 81. Roger Bishop of Salisbury, 67. Roman mode of singing, 15- Rufus not more prodigal than his father, 59. S Saccum Lanae, meaning of, Sup. 53. Salisbury the most uniform Cathedral, 25. Salt, the price of in 1327, Sup. 53. Samyt, description of 85, note. Sarcophagus, derivation of, &c. 38. Saxon Churches, remains of, 20; state of arts, 46 ; youth educated in France, 9; Ships, 46; Agriculture, 50; Hospitality, 46 ; Literature, Dr. Sayers's observations upon, 52. Sayers Dr. his reflections on repairing Churches, 3 ; his excellent Manual, 22 ; account of Edgar Etheling, 56. Scholars sent from Cambridge to Oxford for improvement, 80. School of the Monastery, Sup. 53. Schools, no English, in the reign of Edward III. 9. Scotus Johannes, account of, 16. Scriptorium, sometimes in the Cloisters, 64 ; Sup. 53, and n 1. Seal Chapter, Sup. 75, n; Liberty of St. Ethelred, ib. n. Seculars displaced by Monks, 42 ; misrepresented, Sup. 46, n 1. Sepulchre St. Church of at Cambridge, Sup. 53, n 1. Sermons of Bishop Wren taken from singular texts, 110. Sheep, their value in the reign of Ethelred, 51. Shield found ne«r Ely, 57- [86. Shrine of St. Etheldreda, description of, 68 5 broken into, Shrine of St. Thomas, at Canterbury, described, 69. Simeon Abbot, appointed the allowance to Monks, 59. Singers, the King's, at Ely, Sup. 53. Sinking the canonical hours, 52. Sodington Sir Thomas fined 2000 marks, 81. Soham Sir William fined 3000 marks, ibid. Soham Causey made by Bishop Harvey, 65. Solomon Prior, 116. South or Suth-door, 149. Sparrow Anthony, designs against his life, 125, 126. Spencer Dean assisted Mr. Wharton, 122. Spires, representation of one in MS. by Caedraon, 31. State of the Cathedral in Fuller's time, 138. Station of an Abbot, 59- Steeple, none at Hexham in 78O, p. 150. Sterebridge Chapel, Sup. 53. Steward Dean defended, 121 ; not complying, Sup. 52, n 7. Steward Robert, Nicholas. Thomas, and Anne, 143. Stockton Nicholas, 86. [29. Stone Churches not general till the time of the Normans, Stradishete John de, 117. Stratford Bridge built in 1118, 31. Stratton Sir Adam fined 34,000 marks, 81. Stuntney Church Saxon, Sup. 44, n 1. Suppression of" Religious Mouses, 33. Sureties for Bishop Nigellus, 68. Surrender *54 INDEX. Surrender of the Monastery, copv of, Sup. 55. Sutton, Wichford, Wentford, 66. Swaffham Prior, &c. ibid. Sweating Sickness, account of, 100. Symnell Lambert, 101. T Tanner Dr. Thomas published his Notitia when 22 years old, 127- Theodore A Bp. 13. Theodwin's gifts to the Church, 58. Thirl by Bishop, Fuller's account of, 103 ; his body found at Lambeth, 104. Thomas, 1st ABp. resisted the claim of obedience, 60. Thomas, Elect of York, nephew to the above, does the same, 6l. Thorney Church in the style of Ely, 137 ; Sup. 44, n 1. Thurstan, time of his death, 58. Tiptoft John Lord, 139. Tombert Prior, called Com bert, 116. Tookie Clement, his arms, 127. Towers, two in High-street, Ely, Sup. 45, n 8 ; two at Ramsey, 151. Tracery of ceilings, &c. 32. Transepts, when introduced, 17 ; north, rebuilding, ex- pence of, 137. Transition from round to pointed style, 31. Treatment of sick Monks, 64. Turffs, the price of, Sup. 53. Turner, one of the seven Bishops, 112. Turner's defence of the Welch MSS. 145. Turris Campanaria, 150. V Vacant Sees filled, 70. Vault of Conventual Church, Sup. 45, n 1. Vellum, price of in 1374, Sup. 51. Venison of the Bishops sent away, 82. Vestibulum, meaning of the word, 148. Vestments, used in Churches, 54. Vines, information on the introduction of, into England, 63. Urns and Coins of Vespasian, &c. found in Broom Close, 48. W Wakefield Henry de, 90. Walpole Bishop, the Archbishop's address to him, 83. Walsingham Prior, his presents to the Church, 1 19 ; plans and erects the Octagon, Sup. 72. Walstrop-house, GifFord's observations upon, 16. Warren Wm. Earl of, his death, 58. Warreu Dr. John, mistaken for Archdeacon, 132. Warwick, the monks appear before William I. at a Coun- cil held there, 57. Wedderbume James, buried at Canterbury, 130. Wedge, Saxon troops drawn up in a, 47. Welbeck, Abbot of, his letter, 95. Welch language, &c. 146. Wells William, 1-20. Wendreda St. no account of, 45. Westminster Roger, installment of, 120. Wetheryngsette Robt. his epitaph, 134. Wheat, exorbitant price of, 50. White Bp. addresses the Students of Caius-college, 109. Whitewashing, &c. &c. reflections upon, 2. Whitgift John, account of, 127, 128. Whittington's observations on Saxon Churches, 21. Wickham, in Cambridgeshire, mistaken for Wickham, ia. Kent, 126. Wiglaf, King of Mercia, his present to Croyland, 47. Wilfrid, restorer of Roman Masonry, 36. Willaume Mr. his letter to Mr. Bentham, 5. William Conqueror, various injunctions, laws, &c.of, 57. Willett Andrew, his loyalty, 129. William Prior, compelled to resign, 1 16. Winchester Cathedral exhibits every kind of architec- ture, 136. Windows altered from Saxon to Norman arch, 23 ; of Gloucester Cathedral the largest in England, 32. Wine Foreign, price of, 1313 and 1361, Sup. 51, ib. n 2. Wisdom Robt. his metrical prayer, 135, 136. Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow, 84. Withburga's Well, 45. Wolfere, a Nobleman, slays seven Monlu, the conse- quences of it to him, 42. Wool, quantity of, belonging to the Monastery, in 1334, Sup. 52. Womack Madam, letters directed to, 131. Wolstan Bishop, deposed because he could not sneak French, 9- W T ratling West, appropriation of, 65. Wren Bishop, further account of, 1 10, 1 1 1. Sir Christopher superintended the re-building of N. Transept, Sup. 71. Y Yaxley Robert, stiled Medicinis Praeceptor, 101. Yorke Bishop, improvement and repairs in the West Front, Sup. 58, n 1. York Cathedral, portal of, preferred to that of Rheims, 24. Z Zig-zag Moulding, 22. FINIS. PRINTED BY STEVENSON, MATCHETT, AND STEVENSON, NORWICH. A CATALOGUE of the PLATES IN THE Supplement to the Edition of 1812. DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER. 1. NORTH East View of Ely Cathedral To face the Title page. 2. South-east View of the Cathedral Church of Ely, taken from the Stuntney road ■ Sup. p. 1. 3. South View of the Cathedral, Prior's Chapel, &c. ----- ■■ do. p, 42. 4. Crauden's Chapel - -- -- -- -- - do. 47. 5. Ely Porta, or Gate of the Monastery . do. p. 50, 6. Elevation of the West Front of the Cathedral, before the alterations - - . do. p. 57. 7. North-west View of the Cathedral - do. p t 50^ 8. Interior of the Galilee -------- - do. p. 60. 9. Interior of the Lady Chapel at Ely ------- - . do. p. 62. 10. Outline of the Figures of the Saxon Bishops, Henry VII. the Convent Seal, &c. do. p. 69. 11. View of the North Transept, and West Front of the Lady Chapel - - , do. p. 71. 12. North-east Prospect of the Cathedral, before the alterations - - - . do. p. 72. 13. Ground Plan of the Cathedral Church, before the removal of the Choir - • . do. p. 73, 14. Wisbech Castle or Palace, from an Old Painting in the Palace at Ely - - — , do. p. 77. 15. North-east View of the Palace at Ely - - . do. p. 82. 16. South Prospect of the Cathedral ........ - en d j Sup. ERRATA. SsmiMSNT. — Chancellors— page 6, line 8 from bottom, for Clyffe read Clyff. p. 9, I. 19, for 1575 r. 1579—1. 21, for 1587 r. 1589. Chief Justices— p. 40, 1. 19, for Partherick r. Partheriche. p. 54, 1. 21, dele Refectory. p. 78, 1. 12, for Fakenham r. Fecltenham. p. 80 1. 19, for Grose r. Malcolm. Supplementary Notes— p. 11, 1. 18, for Saunderson r. Saunders. p. 16, 1. 8 from bottom, for 817 r. 871. p. 47, 1. 13, for Thirma r. Thrimsa. p. 5s, 1. 2, for Vivasor r. Vavasor. p. 67, 1. 10 from bottom, for 1127 r. 1137. p. 121, 1. 21, after Banquo dele King. p. 129, I. 13, for Morley r. Merley. p. 134, I. 10, after Blanch, instead of the King's r. Henry IV. p. 135, 1. 15 from bottom, for Wharton r. Warton. p. 137, 1. 8 from bottom, for two r. a few. p. 153, 1. 6 from bottom, after being r. situated. 1. 2 from bottom, after Ostiense dele both— after triumphalis add both. Appendix to Supplement— p. 29, i. 18, for Henry r.Sir Henry. p. 36, note 2, for Flumbard r. Flambard. Preface — p. iv. 1. 12, for Perkins r. Parkin.