M R . S COLONEL BOOTH 
 
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 in 2017 with funding from 
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t 
 
 
THE 
 
 BRITISH 
 
 FLOWER GARDEN; 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 Coioum jftgurrs & Dr sniptions 
 
 OF THE 
 
 MOST ORNAMENTAL $ CURIOUS 
 
 HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS, 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 ANNUALS, BIENNIALS, & PERENNIALS ; 
 
 WITH THEIR 
 
 SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES; 
 
 BEST METHOD OF CULTIVATION AND PROPAGATION; 
 THE HEIGHTS THEY GENERALLY ATTAIN ; 
 
 Or any other Information respecting them that may be considered useful or 
 
 entertaining. 
 
 BY 
 
 ROBERT SWEET, F.L.S. 
 
 Author of Hortus Suburbanus Londinensis , Botanical Cultivator , 
 Geraniacece , the British Warblers, Sfc. tyc. 
 
 The Drawings by E. D. SMITH, F.L.S. 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR, 
 
 BY W. SIMPKIN AND R. MARSHALL, 
 
 STATIONERS’-H ALL-COURT, LUDG ATE-STREET. 
 
 1823 to 1825. 
 
TILLING, PRINTER, CHELSEA 
 
BOOKS QUOTED. 
 
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 in Bengal, 4to. Calcutta , 1788 et seq. 
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 Andrews y s reposit. The Botanist’s Reposi- 
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 Andrews, 4to. London , 1797 et seq. 
 
 All. pedem. Allioni (Carolus.) Flora 
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 Barton fl. amer. Barton’s Flora of North 
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 Best, eyst. vern. ord. Besler (Basilius.) 
 Hortus Eystettensis, 2 vol. fol. Nu- 
 remberg ■, 1612. 
 
 Bess. cat. h. crem. Besser (Wilib.) Ca- 
 talogus horti Botanici Wolhyniensis 
 Cremenici, 8vo. 1811 — 1816. 
 
 Bot. mag. Curtis (William.) The Bo- 
 tanical Magazine, 8vo. vol. 1 to 12, 
 continued by Dr. J. Sims. London. 
 Bot. reg. Edwards (Sydenham.) The 
 Botanical Register, descriptions by 
 J. B. Ker, 8vo. London. 
 
 Brot. ft. lusit. Brotero (Felix Avellar.) 
 Flora Lusitanica, 2 vol. 8vo. Olissipo - 
 none, 1804. 
 
 Brown prodr. Brown (Robertus.) Pro- 
 dromus florae novae Hollandiae, et In- 
 sulae van Diemen, vol. 1. 8vo. Londini, 
 1810. 
 
 Cavanill. ic. Cavanilles (Ant. Jos.) leo- 
 nes et Descriptiones Plantarum quae aut 
 sponte in Hispania crescunt aut in hor- 
 tis hospitantur, 6 vol. fol. Madriti . 
 
 I. 1791. VI. 1800. 
 
 Column, eephr. Columna (Fabius.) Minus 
 cognitarum stirpium Ecphrasis, 4to. 
 Romce , 1616. 
 
 Coin, catal. A Catalogue of Plants, sold 
 by Colvill and Son, Nursery and Seeds- 
 men, King’s-road, Chelsea, near Lon- 
 don, 1821, 12mo. 
 
 Colv. catal. ed. 2. A Catalogue of Plants 
 sold by James Colvill, Nursery and 
 Seedsman. Second Edition, 1823, 12mo. 
 Curtis magaz. see Bot. mag. 
 
 DC. Astrag. De Candolle (Augustin 
 Pyramus.) Astragalogia, 1 vol. 4to. et 
 fol. Paris, 1802. 
 
 DC. hort. monsp. Id. Catalogus planta- 
 rum horti botanici Monspeliensis addito 
 observationum circa species novas aut 
 non satis cognitas fasciculo, 1 vol. 8vo. 
 Monspelii , 1813. 
 
 DC. ic. gall. rar. Id. leones Plantarum 
 Galliae rariorum, 1 vol. 4to. Paris, 1808. 
 DC. prodr. Id. Prodromus Systematis 
 naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, vol. 1. 8vo. 
 Parisiis, 1824. 
 
 DC. Reg. veg. syst. nut. Id. Regni Vege- 
 tabilis Systema Naturale, vol. 1 et 2, 
 8vo. Parisiis, v. 1, 1818, v. 2, 1821. 
 DC. theor. Id. Theorie Hementaire de 
 la Botanique, 1 vol. 8vo. Paris , 1813. 
 Deless. ic. sel. Delessert (Benj.) leones 
 selectae plantarum in system, univers. 
 descriptarum,4to. Paris, fasc. 1,1820. 
 fasc. 2, 1823. 
 
 Desfont. arb. Desfontaines(Ren6Louiche.) 
 Histoire des arbres et arbrisseaux qui 
 peuvent titre cultiv6s en pleine terre sur 
 le sol de la France, 2 vol. 8vo. Paris, 
 1809. 
 
 Desf. atl. Id. Flora Atlantica, 2 vol. 
 4to. Paris, 1798 et 1799. 
 
 Dill elih. Dillenius (Joh. Jac.) Hortus 
 elthamensis, 2 vol. fol. Londini, 1732. 
 
 Donncant. Donn (James.) Hortus Can- 
 tabrigiensis, 8vo. Cambridge. 
 
 Don prodr. jl. nep. Don (David.) Pro- 
 dromus Florae Nepalensis, 12mo. Lon- 
 dini, 1825. 
 
 F lor. peruv. Ruiz (Hippol.) et Pavon 
 (Jos.) Flora Peruviana et Chilensis 
 prodromus, sive novorum generum 
 descriptiones et icones, fol. Madrid , 
 1794. 
 
 Gcert. sem. Gaertner (Josephus.) De 
 Fructibus etseminibus plantarum, 2 vol. 
 4to. Lipsice, 1788. II. Ibidem, 1791. 
 
 Gmel. sibir. Gmelin (Joh. Georg.) Flora 
 Sibirica, 4 vol. 4to. Petropoli, 1747 — 
 1769. 
 
 Gnu. Jl. monsp. Gouan (Anton.) Flora 
 Monspeliaca, 1 vol. Svo, Lugduni, 1765. 
 
 Haworth sax. enum. Haworth (Adrian 
 Hardy.) Saxifragearuni Enumeratio, 
 or a new arrangement of all the known 
 species and varieties of that intricate 
 Tribe of Plants, 1 vol. Svo. London, 
 1823. 
 
 Haworth supp. pi. succ. Id. Supplemcn- 
 tum Plantarum Succulentarum, 1 vol. 
 12mo. Londini, 1819. 
 
 Hooker exot. Jlor. Hooker (W. Jackson.) 
 Exotic Flora, 8vo. 1823 et seq. 
 
 Hornem. ha/n. Hornemann (J. W.) Hor- 
 tus regius botanicus Hafniensis, 8vo. 
 Hafnice., 1813. Supplementum, 12mo. 
 1819. 
 
 Hort. berol. Hortus Berolinensis. Fasc. 
 fol. Berolini, 1806 et seq. 
 
 Hort. cliff. Linnaeus (Carolus.) Hortus 
 Clifford anus, 1 vol. fol. Amstelodami, 
 1737. 
 
 Hort. Kew. Hortus Kewensis. ed. 2d. 
 5 vol. Svo. London, 1810 — 1813. 
 
 Hort. sub. lond. Sweet (Robert.) Hor- 
 tus Suburbanus Londinensis, or a Cata- 
 logue of Plants cultivated in the Neigh- 
 bourhood of London, 1 vol. 8vo. Lon- 
 don, 1818. 
 
 Hort. trans. Transactions of the Horti- 
 cultural Society of London, 4to. Lon- 
 don, 1812 et seq. 
 
 Jacq. aust. Von Jacquin (Nicol. Jos.) 
 Florae Austriacae Icones, 5 vol. fol. 
 Vindobonce , 1773—1778. 
 
 Jacq . hort . vindob. Id. Hortus Botanicus 
 Vindobonensis, 3 vol. fol. Vindobonce, 
 1770-1776. 
 
 Jacq. icon. rar. Id. Icones Plantarum 
 rariorum, 3 vol. fol. Vindobonce , 1781 
 —1793. 
 
 Jacq. miscel. Id. Miscellanea austriaca 
 ad botanicam etc. spectantia, 2 vol. 4to. 
 Vindobonce , 1770—1781. 
 
BOOKS QUOTED. 
 
 iv 
 
 Jacq. schcenb . Id. Plantarum rariornra 
 horti caesarei Sehnenbrunensis, 4 vol. 
 fol. Vienna, 1797—1804. 
 
 Juss. gen. Jussieu (Antoine Laurent.) 
 Genera plantarum, 1 vol. 8vo. Paris , 
 1789. 
 
 Kunth Synops. Kunth (Carolo Sigism.) 
 Synopsis Plantarum aequinoctialium 
 Orbis novi, vol. 1-3, 8vo. Paris , 1822 
 —1824. 
 
 Lag. gen. et spec. Lagasca (Mariano.) 
 Genera et species Plantarum quae aut 
 novae aut nondum reete cognoscuntur, 
 4to. Madriti , 1810. 
 
 4 Lamarck encycl. ) , 
 
 i Lam. diet. $ Monet de la Marck 
 (Jean Bapt.) Encyclopedic methodi- 
 que Botanique, 4to. Paris, 1823 et seq. 
 
 Lam. ill. gen. Id. Illustration des Genres, 
 4to. Paris, 1791 et seq. 
 
 Link enum. Link (H. F.) Enumeratio 
 Plantarum horti regii Botanici B.eroli- 
 nensis altera, vol. 2, 8vo. Berolini , 1821 
 —1822. 
 
 Linn, in act. upsal. Linnaeus (Carolus.) 
 Acta litteraria et scientiarum Upsaliae 
 aut ab academia Upsaliensi publicata, 
 
 1720. 
 
 Lin. sp. Id. Species Plantarum, 8vo. 
 Holmice, 1753 et seq. 
 
 Linn, trans. Transactions of the Linnean 
 Society, 4to. London , 1791—1824. 
 
 Loddiges* Bot . Cab. Loddiges’ (Conrad.) 
 and Sons. Botanical Cabinet, 4to. et 
 12mo. London, 1817—1825. 
 
 Lour, cochinch. De Loureiro (Joannes.) 
 Flora Cochinchinensis, 2 vol. 4to. 
 Ulyssipone, 1790, ed. II. cur. C. L.Will- 
 denow, 2 vol. 8vo. Berolini , 1793. 
 
 Marsh. Bieb. jlor. taur. cauc. Marschall 
 de Bieberstein (L. B. Fred.) Flora 
 Taurico-Caucasica, 8vo. Charkovice, 
 1808—1819. 
 
 Meerb.ic. Meerburg (Nicol.) Plantarum 
 selectaruni icones pictae. fol. Lugd. 
 Bat. 1798. 
 
 Mich. jlor. amer. Michaux (Andre.) Flora 
 Boreali Americana, 2 vol. 8vo. Pari- 
 siis, 1803. 
 
 Miller’s Gard. diet. Miller (Philip.) The 
 Gardener’s Dictionary, fol. London, 
 1731—1768. 
 
 Mor. hist. Morison (Robert.) Historia 
 Plantarum universalis Oxoniensis, 2 vol. 
 fol. Oxonii , 1680. 
 
 Nuttal. gen. amer. Nnttall (Thomas.) 
 The genera of North American Plants, 
 and a catalogue of the species, 2 vol. 
 12mo. Philadelphia, 1818. 
 
 Pallas it. Pallas (Peter Simon.) Pallas 
 Reise durch verschiedene provintzen 
 des Russischen Reichs. 3 vol. 4to. 
 Petersburg, 1771-1776. 
 
 Pers. syn. Persoon (Christ. Henr.) Sy- 
 nopsis Plantarum sen Enchiridium Bo- 
 tanicum, 2 vol. 12mo. Paris. I. 1805. 
 II. 1807. 
 
 PI. rar. hung. Waldstein (Franc.) et 
 Kitaibel (Paul.) Descriptiones et Ico- 
 nes plantarum rariorum Hungarian, 
 
 3 vol. fol. Vienna , 1802—1812. 
 
 Poir. diet. Poiret (J. L. M.) Encyclo- 
 pedia m£thodique, Dictionnaire de Bo- 
 tanique. Paris, 4to. 1804— 1808. 
 
 Poir.supl. Id. Encyclopedic m£thodique 
 supplement au Dictionnaire de Botani- 
 que, 4 to. Paris, 1810—1816. 
 
 Purshjl. amer. Pursli (Frederick.) Flora 
 America Septentrionalis, 2 vol. 8vo. 
 London, 1814. 
 
 Ramat. injourn. d. hist. nat. Journal d’his- 
 toire naturelle, 2 vol. 4to. Paris, 1792. 
 
 Redoute liliac. Redoute (P. J.) Les 
 Liliacles, 8 vol. fol. Paris, 1802—1816. 
 
 Retz. obs. Retzius (And. Joh.) Obser- 
 vationes Botanicae, 6 fasc. fol. 1 ed. I. 
 4to. Londini, 1774. Ed. II. Lipsice, 
 1779-1791. 
 
 Rcem. et Schult. syst. veg. Roemer (J. J.) 
 et Schultes (F. A.) Systema Vegeta- 
 bilium, Svo. Stutgardice, 1817—1820. 
 
 Roth neue Beytrage. Roth (Alb. Willi.) 
 Beitraege zur Botanik. 2 theil, 12mo. 
 Bremen, 1782-3. 
 
 Salisb. parad. Salisbury (Rich. Anth.) 
 The Paradisus Londinensis, the figures 
 by W. Hooker, 2 vol. 4to. London , 
 1805-1S08. 
 
 Salisb. prodr. Id. Prodromus stirpiumin 
 horto ad Chapel Allerton, 1 vol. 8vo. 
 London, 1796. 
 
 Schkuhr handb. Schknhr (Christ.) Botan- 
 isches handbuch. 3theil,8vo. 1791—1803. 
 
 Schrad. ver. Schrader (Henr. Adolph.) 
 Commentatio de Veronicis spicatis, 8vo. 
 Gottingce, 1803. 
 
 Schrank hort . monac. Schranck (Franz 
 von Paula.) Plantae rariores horti Mo. 
 nacensis. Munich, 1817—1819. 
 
 Sibth. jl. grcec. Sibthorp (John.) Flora 
 Graeca, ed. J. E. Smith, fasc. fol. Lon- 
 don, 1806 et seq. 
 
 Smith exot. bot. Smith (James Edward.) 
 ExoticBotany, 2vol. London, 1804-1808. 
 
 Smith in Rees’s cycl. Rees (Abr.) The 
 new Cyclopaedia. The Botanical arti- 
 cles by Sir J. E. Smith, 4to. London. 
 
 Sprengel pug. Sprengel (Kurt.) Plan- 
 tarum minus cognitarum pugillus primus, 
 8vo. Halce, 1813. 
 
 Steudel nomen. Steudel (Ern.) Nomen- 
 clator Botanicus, vol. 1, 8vo. Stutt- 
 gardtice et Tubingce. 1821. 
 
 Swt. hort. brit. Sweet (Robert.) Hortus 
 Britannicus, 1 vol. Svo. London , inedit. 
 
 Tenor prod. jl. nap. Tenore (Michel.) 
 Prodromus Flora Napolitana. 
 
 Thunb. jap. Thunberg (Car. Petr.) Flora 
 Japonica, 1 vol. 8vo. Lipsice, 1784. 
 
 Vent. hort. cels. Ventenat (Etienne 
 Pierre.) Description des plantes nou- 
 velles ou peu connues du jardin de 
 J. M. Cels. 1 vol. fol. Paris, 1800. 
 
 Waldst. et Kitaib. hung. Vid. PI. rar. hung. 
 
 Walt, jl car. Walter (Thomas.) Flora 
 Caroliniana, 1 vol. 8vo. Londini, 1788. 
 
 Willd. enum. Willdenow (Car. Lud.) 
 Enumeratio plantarum horti bot. Bero- 
 linensis, 2 vol. Svo. Berolini , 1809. 
 Suppl. 1813. 
 
 Willden. sp. pi. Id. Species Plantarum, 
 vol. 5, 8vo. Berolini, 1797—1810. 
 
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1 
 
 GONOLOBUS hirsutus. 
 
 Hairy Gonolobus. 
 
 Natural Order. AsclepiadEjE. Brown prodr. 458. 
 GONOLOBUS. Masses Pollinis laeves, 10, trans versa?. 
 Corolla subrotata. Semina comosa. Brown Hort. Kew . 
 ed. 2. v. 2. p. 82. 
 
 Herbae v. Suffmtices volubiles. Folia opposita , cor data. 
 Flores umbellatiy axillares v. terminates. 
 
 G. hirsutusy sarmentis petiolisque hirsutissimis, foliis sensim 
 acuminatis utrinque pubescentibus, corolla? laciniis ob- 
 longo-ovalibus obtusis, folliculis oblongis muricatis. 
 Purshfl. amer. sept. vol. 1. p. 179. 
 
 Gonolobus hirsutus. Mich. Jlor . amer. 1. p. 119. Rcem. et 
 Schult. syst. veg. 6 . 11. Hort. sub. lond. p . 51. Steudel 
 nomen. p. 380. 
 
 Vincetoxicmn acanthocarpos. Walt. fl. car. 104. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems herbaceous, climbing, 
 thickly clothed with a dense ferruginous pubescence, 
 and longer hairs intermixed. Leaves opposite, 
 cordate, hairy on both sides, reticulately veined ; 
 lower ones very large, 5 inches long and 4j wide, 
 roundly cordate, ending abruptly in an acute point, 
 the sinus overlapping at the base: upper leaves 
 narrowly cordate, gradually tapering to a sharp 
 point, and open at the base, about 2 inches long, to 
 scarcely 1 wide. Petioles hairy, on the lower leaves 
 long, purple, and furrowed on the upper side ; on 
 the upper ones, about half an inch long, and nearly 
 cylindrical. Umbels many-flowered. Peduncles 
 
 B 
 
lateral, not so long as the pedicles, densely pubes- 
 cent, as is the pedicles and calyx and the outside 
 of the corolla. Calyx 5-parted, segments short, 
 lanceolate, acute. Corolla of 1 petal, rotate, deeply 
 5-parted, of a lively brown purple colour ; segments 
 oblongly-oval, obtuse, spreading ; the inside smooth 
 and glossy, the outside pubescent. Crown in the 
 centre 10-toothed, with smaller teeth between them. 
 Stamens 5. Pollen masses 10, smooth. Germens 
 and Stigmas 2. Follicles oblong, hooked at the 
 point, muricate. 
 
 For the opportunity of giving a figure of this rare 
 and handsome plant, we are indebted to Mr. Knight, 
 of the Exotic Nursery, King’s Road, Little Chelsea, 
 where our drawing was taken in September last, 
 and the fruit was added in October, when it ripened. 
 It is a native of North America, growing spon- 
 taneously, according to Pursli, from Pensylvania to 
 Carolina. Mr. Knight has it cultivated on a little 
 slope of peat earth, with some other scarce American 
 plants : from its appearance, we suspect it will grow 
 to the height of ten or twelve feet, if trained up a 
 stick or trellis, where it will flower from June to 
 October, if the weather prove favourable. Pursli 
 mentions it as growing in hedges near rivulets ; but 
 we should think it not adviseable to plant it in a 
 moist situation in this country, as its tuberous roots 
 would be apt to suffer from too much wet. The 
 present plants were in a flourishing state in a dry 
 situation. 
 
 We have no doubt but it might be increased by 
 dividing the roots, as well as by seeds. 
 
 1. The ten-toothed crown of the corolla spread open, showing the 
 smaller teeth between the others. 2. The 5 stamens with the 10 masses 
 of yellow pollen, one on each side of the anther. 3. The 2 germens 
 with their stigmas. 4. Stigmas. 5. The full grown ripe follicle, ail 
 magnified, except the last. 
 

 
2 
 
 £3>.Jnid. M . 
 
 /’/ft jU^auJc. 
 
2 
 
 DIANTHUS latifolius. 
 
 Broad-leaved Pink . 
 
 Natural Order. Caryoph yllej:. Juss. gen. 299. 
 DIANTHUS. Calyx cylindricus, longus coriaceus, 
 1-sepalus ; basi squamis 4-8. Petala 5, unguiculata. Styli 2, 
 saepe recurvi. Caps, cylindrica, 1-locularis, apice dehiscens. 
 
 D. latifolius , floribus aggregatis racemoso-corymbosis, 
 squamis calycinis lanceolatis acutis demum calycem 
 superantibus, petalis dentatis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis 
 trinerviis. 
 
 Dianthus latifolius, Willd. enum. v. 1. p. 466. Link enum. 
 v. l.p. 418. Hort. sub. lond. p. 99. Steud. nom. p. 271. 
 
 Root perennial. Plant herbaceous, short, tufted. 
 Leaves sessile, oblong’ lanceolate, three-nerved, 
 smooth, of a green opaque colour, margins rough ; 
 root leaves from 4 to 5 inches long, and I of an inch 
 wide, bluntish, or ending abruptly in an acute point ; 
 stem leaves opposite, shorter and acute. Flower- 
 stem obsoletely 4-sided, slightly channelled, smooth. 
 Flowers loosely aggregate, racemosely-corymbose, 
 sessile. Scales of the Calyx 4, leafy, widely lan- 
 ceolate, taper-pointed, about the length of the calyx 
 before the flowers expand, afterwards growing to 
 nearly the length of the petals, margins membrana- 
 ceous near the base. Calyx of 1 sepal, tubular, 
 cylindrical, channelled with numerous furrows, 
 5-cleft; segments taper-pointed, longer than the 
 ungues. Petals 5, unguiculate, with broad lamina, 
 which are deeply crenate, of a bright dark red or 
 purple, with a dark circle near the base. Filaments 
 
 b 2 
 
10, inserted in the receptacle. Anthers incumbent, 
 2-celled. Capsule smooth, cylindrical. Styles 2, 
 smooth. Stigmas 2, red and feathered. 
 
 This plant, as Mr. Milne noticed to us, is as near 
 as possible intermediate between D. harhatus and 
 D. chinensis . It differs from the former, in its 
 flowers not being fascicled and double the size, in 
 the scales of the calyx being broader, and in its more 
 compact and shorter growth ; from the latter, it 
 differs altogether in habit, but its flowers are very 
 similar; it is a very ornamental herbaceous perennial, 
 and continues to flower the greater part of the sum 
 mer, and till late in autumn ; it scarcely attains to 
 a foot in height, oftener being only 6 or 8 inches ; 
 but that depends chiefly on the situation where it 
 grows. It delights in a light rich garden soil, in a 
 dryish situation, as it would be apt to rot if the 
 ground was too moist ; it is also a very proper plant 
 for ornamenting rock work, in which it would appear 
 to great advantage. It may be increased by cuttings 
 planted under a hand-glass in the open ground, in a 
 shady situation ; but they must be planted thinly, 
 or they will damp off; when rooted, they must be 
 hardened to the air by degrees, and may then be 
 planted where they are to remain. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Messrs. 
 Whitley, Brames, and Milne, of Fulham, in 
 September last. 
 
 I. Stamens and pistils divested of the corolla and calyx. 2. The 10 
 stamens spread open, all joined at the base. 3. The 2 styles terminated 
 vvith 2 simple incurved stigmas. 4. Germen, all natural size. 
 
3 
 
 COMMELINA ccelestis. 
 
 Sky-blue Commelina . 
 
 Natural Order. CommelinExE. Brown prodr. 268. 
 
 COMMELINA. Perianthium sexpartitum, inaequale; 
 foliola 3 exteriora extus calycina, persistentia : interiora 
 petaloidea, unguiculata, decidua, tertia quandoque dissimili 
 v. abortiente. Stamina sex (v. 5.) Antherarum 3, (nunc 2-4) 
 dissimiles : vix polliniferss. Involucrum monophyllum, 
 conduplicatum v. cucullatum, persistens, capsulas includens. 
 
 Herbse sespe diffuses. Folia vagina Integra. Pedunculus 
 apice fasciculatim multiflorus, Jloribus hermaphroditis : allero 
 exteriore unifloro masculo seepius stipatus. Brown prodr. 269. 
 
 C. ccelestis , corollis agqualibus, involucris cordatis acuminatis 
 eonduplicatis,racemis multifloris, pedunculis pubescentibus, 
 pedicellis glabris, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis sessilibus gla- 
 bris : margine undulalis, vaginis ciliatis, caule erecto. 
 
 Commelina ccelestis. Willd.enum, v. \.p. 69. Link enum. 
 v. 1. p. 61. Hort. sub. lond. p. 12. Ucsm. et Schult. 
 syst. 1. p. 538. Steud. nom. p. 214. 
 
 Commelina tuberosa. Bot. mag. 1695. 
 
 Root perennial, composed of a fascicle of long 
 subcylindrical tubers. Stems several from the same 
 root, erect, smooth, slightly furrowed, not much 
 branched. Leaves sessile, sheathing the stem, 
 oblongly lanceolate, taper-pointed, undulate, smooth 
 but fringed at the base, 7-nerved. Sheaths fringed. 
 Peduncles terminal and axillary, densely pubescent, 
 scarcely as long as the leaf. Involucre cordate, 
 taper-pointed, pubescent, doubled inwards so as to 
 cover the flowers before they expand. Raceme 
 many-flowered, inclosed in the involucre. Pedicles 
 smooth, bent forward before the flower expands, 
 erect when expanded, afterwards bent backwards. 
 
Floiuer 6-parted, of a beautiful sky-blue, 3 outer 
 segments calyx-like, persistent ; 3 inner ones petal- 
 like, unguiculate, deciduous. Stamens 6. Anthers 
 3 perfect, and 3 barren; fertile ones incumbent, 
 oblong, 2-celled ; sterile ones of a different shape, 
 divided into 4 parts, yellow. Style smooth, longer 
 than the stamens. Stigma slightly 3-lobed. 
 
 This ornamental plant has been sometimes con- 
 fused with C. tuberosa, from which it differs in 
 several respects ; this having smooth leaves and 
 hairy peduncles, whereas C. tuberosa has hairy 
 leaves and smooth peduncles ; we are not certain 
 whether C. tuberosa will prove to be so hardy as 
 our present plant ; we hope to ascertain that the 
 present season. Plants raised from seeds early 
 in spring, if brought forward with a little artificial 
 heat, and then planted in the open ground, will 
 flower in autumn ; as soon as their tops begin to 
 die away, the roots must be taken up, and kept 
 in a little dry earth or sand, out of the reach of 
 frost, till the following spring, in the same manner as 
 Dahlias, or other tuberous roots. The latter part of 
 April, or the beginning of May, according as the 
 season suits, they must be planted in the ground ; or 
 they might be brought forward earlier in a hot-house, 
 or green-house, or hot-bed frame, and from thence 
 be planted into the flower borders, where they will 
 continue to bloom for a considerable time, and ripen 
 their seeds ; the common garden soil will suit them 
 very well, the lighter and more sandy the better. 
 
 Our drawing was taken in September last, at the 
 Nursery of Mr. Colvill, King’s Road, Chelsea. 
 
 1. The fascicle of tuberous roots, natural size. 2. Germen. 3. Style 
 and 3-lobed stigma. 4. Three fertile stamens. 5. Three barren ditto, 
 divided into 4 lobes, all slightly magnified. 
 

 2 
 
4 
 
 RUDBECKIA serotina. 
 
 Late-flowering hispid-stalked Rudbeckia. 
 
 Natural Order . Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 RUDBECKIA. Flores radiati, ligulis neutris. ( Invo - 
 lucrum ) duplici serie polyphyllum subsequalis patens. Semina 
 apice marginata, margine membranaceo 4-dentato. Recepia - 
 culum (paleaceum,) conicum. 
 
 Herbse alter nif olice t quaedam asperse; Flores scepe ter - 
 minales ; discus interdum subfuscus ; ligulse quarumdam 
 luteo-crocece , in R. purpurea (et serotina) purpurascentes. 
 Juss. gen. 189. 
 
 R. serotina , caule hispido, foliis inferioribus lato-ovatis basi 
 attenuatis remote dentatis asperrimis : caulinis lanceolato- 
 ovatis utrinque acuminatis subintegerrimis, radiis paten- 
 tibus apice tridentatis. 
 
 Rudbeckia purpurea^ @ serotina. Nuttal. 
 
 Rudbeckia speciosa. Hortulanorum . Link enum. v . 2. p. 353. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems several from the same 
 root, from 2 to 5 feet high, branching, thickly clothed 
 with short stiff hairs. Leaves very rough ; root ones 
 very large, widely ovate, tapering at both ends, 
 distantly and unequally toothed, from 3 to 5-nerved : 
 stem leaves much narrower, lanceolately ovate, entire 
 or scarcely toothed. Petioles on the root leaves 
 very long, sheathing at the base, deeply channelled 
 on the upper side, and bluntly keeled on the lower. 
 Peduncles longer than the leaves, furrowed, much 
 swollen near the flower, thickly clothed with short 
 stiff hairs. Involucre many-leaved ; scales lanceo- 
 late, acute, concave, ciliate, reflexed, in three tiers 
 one above the other, the lower ones generally the 
 longest. Receptacle conical, chaffy. Chaff longer 
 than the florets of the disk, very rigid, the lower part 
 keeled and green, the point cartilaginous, bluntish, 
 of a brownish horn colour. Rays barren, broadly 
 ligulate, narrow at the base, point 3-toothed, strongly 
 
nerved underneath, and furrowed on the upper side, 
 of a light purple colour ; in the floret is the rudiment 
 of two hair-like stigmas. Florets of the disk tubular, 
 5-toothed, much shorter than the chaff. Stamens 5, 
 filaments distinct. Anthers joined into a tube, 
 exserted above the floret, scarcely the height of the 
 chaff. Pollen bright yellow. Style green, smooth. 
 Stigmas 2, purple, refiexed, feathered at the point. 
 Seeds angular, crowned with a 4-toothed pappus, 
 and between the 4 teeth are several other smaller 
 ones. 
 
 This stately herbaceous perennial is a native of 
 North America, and has been introduced to our 
 gardens about six or seven years since, where it has 
 generally passed under the name of R . speciosa; 
 by which title we also find it recorded in Professor 
 Link’s Enumeratio, but without a description, as it 
 is said not to have flowered in their garden ; we have 
 no doubt but it is the R . purpurea & serotina of 
 Nuttal, though he describes the rays as bifid, which 
 in ours is 3-toothed. Mcench has separated R. pur- 
 purea from the other species, under the generic name 
 of Echinacea ; should it be hereafter confirmed as a 
 distinct genus, our plant will rank with it as a second 
 species: their rigid chaff and habit altogether is 
 certainly very different from the others. 
 
 The present plant, in strong soil, will sometimes 
 attain the height of 5 feet; in poorer soil, it will be 
 considerably less. It begins flowering in July, and 
 will continue in bloom, if the season be mild, till the 
 middle of November. It will thrive well in any 
 common garden soil, and increases freely by seeds, 
 or dividing the roots. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. 
 Colvill, in September last. 
 
 1. Barren floret of the ray, natural size. 2. Scale of the chaff. 3. Seed 
 with its toothed pappus. 4. Floret of the disk. 5. The same cut open, 
 to show its 5 distinct filaments and connected anthers. 6. Style and 
 2 stigmas, all magnified. 
 
1 jU* W 
 
 G ■‘JxJ'rrufA' Jt/j. 
 
 .‘PtJb Lf JlxfivteL ,QheJ<><r* <Jfvn/> I'/h'Zd 
 
(EN OTHERA macrocarpa. 
 
 Large- capsuled CEnothera. 
 
 Natural Order. Onagrari^e. Jussieu. 
 CENOTHERA. Calyx 4-fidus, tubulosus. Corolla 
 5-petaIa ; petalis integris. Stamina 8 ; filamentia omnia 
 fertilia. Stigm. 4-fidum. Caps . 4-locularis, 4-valvis, infera. 
 Sem. liuda, receptaculo centrali, 4-gono affixa. 
 
 CE. macrocarpa , caule diffuso ramoso, foliis petiolatis ellip- 
 tico-lanceolatis acutis mucronatis glanduloso-denticulatis 
 integerrimisve margine nervisque sericeo-albidis, petalis 
 obcordatis venosis, capsulis quadrialatis subsessilibus. 
 
 CEnothera macrocarpa. Pursh Flor. Amer . Sept. supp. 
 p. 734. excl. syn. Bot. mag. 
 
 Root perennial. Stem of a woody texture at the 
 base, branching. Branches spreading, covered with 
 a short silky pubescence, furrowed, thickly clothed 
 with leaves. Leaves petioled, elliptically lanceo- 
 late, acute, mucronate, entire, or sometimes distantly 
 toothed with small glandular teeth ; margins thicker, 
 of a horny substance, and with the nerves clothed 
 with a whitish silky down. Petioles downy, about 
 three times shorter than the blade of the leaf, con- 
 vex on the upper part, and rounded on the lower. 
 Capsule below the calyx, thickly clothed with white 
 silky hairs, 4- winged ; wings growing to a great 
 size before the capsules ripen. Calyx tubular, tube 
 in our specimen four inches long, of a greenish 
 white ; limb spathaceous, irregularly spotted with 
 pale purple, sericeous, split on one side for the ex- 
 pansion of the petals, and divided into 4 segments 
 at the base, which are joined above the middle and 
 end in 4 subulate points. Petals 4, the largest in 
 
the genus, inserted in the calyx, obcordate, but end- 
 ing in a point, m any-nerved, margins slightly toothed, 
 of a light yellow colour. Stamens 8, also inserted 
 in the calyx. Filaments dilated at the base, and 
 narrowed upwards, about half as long again as the 
 anthers. Anthers linear, 2 celled, bursting in front 
 to discharge the pollen, which is pale yellow. Style 
 smooth, gradually thickening upwards. Stigma 
 4-cleft, segments cylindrical, blunt, spreading. 
 
 The present ornamental plant produces the 
 largest flowers of any species belonging to the genus; 
 it has been confused with CE. missourensis of the 
 Botanical Magazine , pi. 1592, both by Pursh and 
 Nuttall. Plants of both species are now growing in 
 the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, by the side of each 
 other, where they have been cultivated for several 
 years, without varying in the slightest degree ; they 
 both produce perfect seeds, and the young plants 
 raised from them always continue true to their 
 species. The difference in the two when seen grow- 
 ing together, is very striking ; the leaves of CE. macro - 
 carpa being elliptical, or elliptically lanceolate, 
 tapering at both ends ; of CE. missourensis linearly 
 lanceolate, the stems and branches of the latter are 
 longer and slenderer, and the flowers much smaller ; 
 but they are both very ornamental plants; the 
 CE. alata of Nuttall, belongs to the latter species, 
 judging from his description. 
 
 This plant thrives well in a rich light soil, and will 
 grow to the height of a foot, or 18 inches, if sup- 
 ported by a stick ; but its more natural manner of 
 growth is to trail on the ground ; it is very well 
 suited for ornamenting rock-work, but requires room 
 for its branches to spread ; it may be readily in- 
 creased by seeds ; or young cuttings, planted thinly 
 under a hand-glass, will soon strike root. 
 
 1. Stamen. 2. Germen, and the lower part of the style. 3. Upper part of 
 the style and 4-cleft stigma, all natural size. 
 
6 
 
 ' ^'j/i . l/t / 
 
 ft . Afn ’/VSl! 
 
6 
 
 CUSCUTA verrucosa. 
 
 W arted-calyxed Nepaul Cuscuta. 
 
 Natural Order. Con volvulaceai. Brown prodr. 481, 
 Sect. III. Embryo acotyledoneus. 
 
 CUSCUTA. Calyx 5-raro 4-fidus. Corolla globoso- 
 urceolata, limbo 5-fido, marcescens. Ovarium 2-loculare, 
 loculis dispermis. Capsula bilocularis, circumscissa. 
 
 Herbae apliyllce , volubiles } parasiticce . Flores aggregati , 
 subcapitati v. spicati, unibracteati. Squamae 5, epipetalce, 
 infra jilamenta , iisdemque opposite, raro dejicientes. Brown 
 prodr. 491. 
 
 C. verrucosa, digyna, stigmatibus lanceolatis obtusis basi 
 dilatatis carnosis, squamis epipetalis fimbriato-laceris, 
 antheris subsessilibus, calycis 5-fidi laciniis rotundatis 
 verrucosis. 
 
 Parasitical on various plants. Stems succulent, 
 twining, much branched. Branches smooth and 
 glossy, of a brownish green colour, or sometimes 
 purple, irregularly marked with purple linear spots, 
 extending to a great distance, and laying hold of 
 every branch within their reach. Racemes numerous, 
 often 3-flowered, but sometimes 9 or 10-flowered. 
 Flowers white with short succulent pedicles, very 
 fragrant. Bractea 1 , sessile, ovate, obtuse, concave, 
 sheathing the pedicle. Calyx 5-cleft, segments 
 roundish, succulent, persistent, thickly covered with 
 small purple warts. Corolla urceolate, border 5-cleft, 
 divisions blunt, reflexed ; scales 5, inserted into the 
 base of the corolla, much fringed or lacerated. 
 Anthers 5, nearly sessile, inserted into the tube just 
 below the divisions of the border, and extending a 
 
 c 2 
 
little above the mouth. Stigmas 2, nearly sessile, 
 lanceolate, obtuse, widened at the base, succulent. 
 Germen waited. 
 
 This curious parasitical plant was raised last 
 Spring, at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from seeds 
 sent him by Mr. George Potter, from the Botanic 
 Garden at Calcutta, where they had been received 
 from Nepaul ; soon after the plants came up, they 
 died off at the bottom, the tops catching hold of the 
 nearest plant within their reach, and soon growing 
 and spreading themselves in all directions, twining 
 round all the young shoots and footstalks of the 
 leaves, where they thrust out a kind of teeth, by 
 which they inserted themselves into the plant. The 
 more juicy and succulent the plant is, the stronger 
 they grow ; the strong growing species of Pelargo- 
 nium suits them admirably. 
 
 The plants raised in Spring began flowering in 
 September, and soon became entirely covered with 
 flowers of a most delightful fragrance, somewhat 
 resembling a mixture of violets and cowslips ; and a 
 plant that had taken hold of the ivy by Mr. Colvill’s 
 shop, soon covered a great part of it, where it con- 
 tinued in flower till the very severe frost, and ripened 
 its seed. Mild Winters it would survive very well, 
 as it stood several severe frosts without being in- 
 jured. It might be treated as an hardy annual, or 
 may be kept alive through the Winter, in a frame or 
 greenhouse. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the 5 stamens, and 5 fringed 
 scales. 3. One of the scales separated from the corolla. 4. Germen, 
 terminated by 2 fleshy stigmas. 
 
f'OL ) .JrnitA .r/c' ■ by A/ t f /, 
 
 A : hrU /■ /') bd 
 
 ■ t . Htnu, 
 
 J 
 
 f '. .) £/■' 
 
 JC'/ . h- 
 
7 
 
 CHRYSANTHEMUM sinense, 
 var. involutum. 
 
 Curled Lilac Chinese Chrysanthemum. 
 
 Natural Order . Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 CHRYSANTHEMUM . Ffores radiati. Involucrum 
 hemisphaericum, imbricatum ; squamis marginalibus mem- 
 branaceis. Recept. nudum. Pappus nullus s. marginatus. 
 
 (Suffrutices aut herbae ;) caulis simplex aut ramosus ; folia 
 simplicia, (lobata) aut pinnata; flores terminates , solitarii 
 aut corymbosi. Juss. gen. 183. 
 
 C. sinense, foliis petiolatis sinuato-lobatis dentatis mucronatis 
 subtus incanis stipulatis, receptaculo conico-convexo palea- 
 ceo v. nudo. 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense. Sabine Mss. 
 
 Chrysanthemum purpureum. Pers. syn. 2. p. 461. Steud . 
 nom.p. 193. 
 
 Chrysanthemum indicum. Curtis magaz. 327. Hort. Kew . 
 ed . 2. v. 5. p. 95. non Linn. 
 
 Anthemis grandiflora. Ramat. in jour. d. hist. nat. 2. p. 234. 
 Desfont . arb. 1. p. 315. 
 
 Anthemis artemisiaefolia. Willden . sp. pi. 3. p. 2184. Enum. 
 911. Hort. sub. lond. 192. Link. enum. 2. p. 346. 
 
 involutum , floribus corymbosis confertis magnis lilacinis ; 
 medio pallidioribus, radiis apice involutis, receptaculum 
 globosum paleaceum. 
 
 Root perennial, tufted. Stems numerous, woody 
 at the base, from 2 to 4 feet high, more or less 
 branched, obtusely angular, thickly clothed with a 
 dense white tomentum. Branches spreading, and 
 terminated with a compact corymbus of flowers. 
 Leaves flat, sinuately 5-lobed, densely tomentose, 
 particularly on the under side, much dotted ; lower 
 ones about 4 inches long, to 2£ broad, deeply lobed, 
 and unequally toothed; lobes and teeth rounded, 
 
very obtuse ; upper leaves much smaller, and point- 
 ed ; lobes and teeth sharply acute. Petioles slightly 
 winged, shorter than the leaf, deeply channelled on 
 the upper side, and bluntly keeled on the lower; 
 densely tomentose. Stipules of various forms, gene- 
 rally 2 or 3-forked; segments lanceolate, on the 
 large leaves obtuse; on the smaller ones acute, 
 sometimes toothed. Peduncles tomentose, gradually 
 increasing in size upwards ; the lower ones longest. 
 Involucre hemispherical, composed of numerous 
 scales over-lapping each other. Scales lanceolate, 
 with brown membranaceous margins. Receptacle 
 globular, chaffy, particularly on the upper part. 
 Chaff spatulate, membranaceous, of a light brown 
 colour, and curved inwards like the rays. Flowers 
 full, composed wholly of rays, without florets in the 
 centre. Rays open, not tubular, twisted or curled, 
 the points curved inwards ; outer ones of a dark 
 lilac, inner ones much paler. Stamens none. Style 
 slender, even with the tube of the ray. Stigmas 
 2, recurved. 
 
 One of the beautiful new varieties of Chinese 
 Chrysanthemum, lately introduced into the Garden 
 of the Horticultural Society, from whence it is now 
 distributed into many other collections. We believe 
 the Society’s collection now contains nearly thirty 
 different varieties, many of which are very hand- 
 some ; we have drawings of several, which will be 
 published in our future numbers. 
 
 The introduction of so many beautiful varieties of 
 the Chinese Chrysanthemums is a great acquisition 
 to our gardens, particularly as they begin flowering 
 in Autumn, after most other flowers are overblown ; 
 they will grow freely in any common garden soil, 
 but should be planted in a south border, to have 
 them flower well ; they may be increased by di- 
 viding at the root, or by cuttings planted under 
 hand-glasses. 
 
 1. Floret of the ray. 2. Chaffy receptacle divested of the calyx. 3. Scale 
 of the chaff flattened out. 
 
8 
 
 PRIMULA Palinuri. 
 
 Unequal-br acted Primrose. 
 
 Natural Order. Primulacea;. Brown prodr. 427. 
 PRIMULA. Calyx tubulosus 5-dentatus persistens. 
 Corolla tubus cylindricus ; ore patulo ; limbo emarginato. 
 Stamina 5. Stigma 1, globosum. Capsula 1-locularis ; ore 
 10-fido. 
 
 P. Palinuri , foliis obovatis crenatis glabris, scapo foliis altiore 
 laterali, umbella nutante, involucro inaequali pedunculos 
 subaequante, corollae limbo margine incurvo. 
 
 Primula Palinuri. Willd . enum. v . 1. p. 191. Link enum. 
 v . 1. p. 158. Hort. sub. lond. p. 32. Roem . et Schult. 
 syst. 4. p. 138. 
 
 Sub caulescent. Stem short and stiff, erect. Leaves 
 sessile, obovate, slightly undulate, deeply crenate, 
 with rounded points, and attenuate at the base, of a 
 greasy appearance and very soft, but scarcely vis- 
 cous, about 2 inches broad, and 4J long; when 
 rubbed, emitting a powerful fragrance resembling 
 Chamomile or Wormwood. Scape higher than the 
 leaves, viscid, pubescent. Umbel many-flowered, 
 nodding. Involucre of several unequal leafy bractes, 
 some longer, others about the length of the pedun- 
 cles. Bractes obovate, undulate, entire. Peduncles 
 cylindrical, a little longer than the calyx, thickly 
 covered with a white powder. Calyx 5-toothed, 
 densely clothed inside and out with a white mealy 
 powder. Corolla tubular, tube nearly twice the 
 length of the calyx; limb scarcely half the length of 
 the tube, emarginate; sides folded inwards, of a 
 bright yellow colour, slightly farinaceous, with a 
 golden circle at the mouth. Stamens 5, oblong, 
 
sessile, inserted about half way up the tube of the 
 corolla. Germen globular, farinaceous. Style 
 smooth, even with the mouth of the corolla, but 
 lengthening after the flower is over-blown. Stigma 
 capitate, point slightly depressed. 
 
 The plant from which our drawing was taken, was 
 received last Summer, by Mr. Colvill, from the 
 Botanic Garden at Berlin ; soon after its arrival, it 
 flowered; but not so strong as it did the second 
 time, which was the latter end of December, when 
 our drawing was made. It had been protected 
 under a frame, to preserve the flower ; but the plant 
 itself is quite hardy. It is nearly related to P. Au- 
 ricula, but is a much stronger growing upright plant ; 
 the flowers are much smaller, not unlike the Cowslip, 
 which it also resembles in fragrance. It may be 
 cultivated successfully, by planting it in a dry border 
 in a light loamy soil ; or it may be grown in a pot, 
 in a mixture of sandy loam and peat ; and is readily 
 increased by seeds, or by suckers from the root. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the stamens. 
 3. Stamen. 4. Germen, Style, and Stigma, natural size. 
 
o 
 
 J 
 
 f i Jtrall dJL 
 
 (y Jl t ULfft Jfjay / m:. 
 
 „ / . A+J'dh’ 
 
9 
 
 CYCLAMEN vernum. 
 
 Vernal Cyclamen. 
 
 Natural Order. Primulace^e. Brown prodr. 427. 
 CYCLAMEN. Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla rotata, reflexa, 
 tubo brevissimo : fauce prominente. Stamina 5 ; antherse con- 
 niventes. Stigma 1. Bacca tecta capsula. Scapi 1-Jlori ; 
 jlores nutantes. 
 
 C. vernum. subcaulescens, foliis cordatis subcrenulatis apice 
 emarginatis ; sinu subclauso, corollae laciniis oblongo-ovatis, 
 stylo exserto. 
 
 Cyclamen vernum minus orbiculato folio inferne rubente, flore 
 minore ruberrimo. Mor. hist. Lesser spring Sowbread with 
 roundish leaves of a reddish colour underneath, with small 
 deep red flowers. Millers Gard. diet. ed. 3. Cvclamen 
 No. 4. 
 
 Cyclamen vernale. Steud. nomen. p. 247. 
 
 Cyclamen Coum. Loddiges’ Bot. cab. no. 108. nec aliorum. 
 
 Root tuberous, round and flat, not unlike a Turnep ; 
 of a reddish brown colour. Stems short, rough, 
 branched, and clothed with numerous leaves and 
 flowers. Leaves cordate, concave, slightly crenulate, 
 emarginate, upper side green, marked with an unequal 
 circle of white, underneath of a reddish purple ; sinus 
 overlapping at the base. Petioles longer than the leaves, 
 nearly cylindrical, crooked, very slender near the base. 
 Peduncles reaching a little above the leaves, gradually 
 tapering upwards, 1-flowered. Flowers nodding, of 
 a rosy red colour, darker near the mouth, where there 
 is a white circle, inside striped with red. Calyx 
 5-cleft, pubescent ; segments lanceolate, acute, slightly 
 keeled. Corolla rotate, reflexed ; segments ovate, or 
 
 D 
 
oblong; margins curved inwards. Stamens 5, inserted 
 into the base of the tube. Filaments short and flat, 
 dilated at the base. Anthers attached to the filaments 
 at the base, 2-celled, sharp-pointed, fringed, included 
 in the tube. Germen globular, smooth. Style smooth, 
 tapering upwards, exserted a little above the mouth. 
 Stigma small, flat. 
 
 The present beautiful little plant seems to have been 
 almost entirely overlooked by Botanists, since the 
 time of Miller. In Martyn’s edition of Miller’s Dic- 
 tionary, it is recorded as a variety of C. persicum; to 
 which it certainly is scarcely at all allied, except in 
 the form of the leaves, and the white circle on their 
 upper side. The flowers are nearly the same as 
 in C. Coum. ; but the style is exserted a little beyond 
 the mouth ; the plant is altogether more robust, and 
 the leaves and flowers are produced on a kind of short 
 flat stem that branches from the tuber, not directly from 
 the crown of the tuber, as in C. persicum , and C. Coum . 
 The leaves are also cordate, and the sinus frequently 
 overlapping at the base ; in C. Coum. they are reniform, 
 and have a large opening at their base, and are entirely 
 green on their upper surface. 
 
 It will succeed well in a warm border, in a light 
 sandy soil ; or it may be grown with advantage in small 
 pots, in an equal mixture of loam, peat, and sand ; it 
 can then be protected under a frame in Winter, during 
 which time it requires very little water. The only 
 method of propagating it, is from seeds, which ripen 
 plentifully, if care be taken to scatter some pollen on 
 the stigma when in full bloom. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, the beginning 
 of March last. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the Stamens, 
 natural size. 3. One of the Anthers magnified, burst on each side. 4. Germen, 
 Style, and Stigma magnified. 
 
w 
 
10 
 
 COREOPSIS lanceolata. 
 
 Spear-leaved Coreopsis . 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2, 103. 
 COREOPSIS. (Radiata; Pappus aristatus; Receptaculum 
 paleaceum.) Involucrum polypkyllum, foliolis a receptaculi 
 paleis vix aut parum distinctis. Recept. planiusculum v. leviter 
 convexum. Flosc. disci hermaphroditi, fertiles ; radii feminii s. 
 neutris ; ligulis disco transverso aequalibus s. longioribus, steriles. 
 Pappus 2-3-aristatus ; aristis glabris s. retrorsum scabris. 
 Gcert. sem. 2, 457. 
 
 Herbae erectce ; folia scepius opposita t in quibusdam multifida ; 
 flores axillares et scepius terminates ; ligulce quarumdam albidce. 
 Juss. gen. 188. 
 
 C. lanceolata , foliis lanceolatis integerrimis ciliatis basi in 
 petiolum attenuatis, pedunculis elongatis nudis, radiis 4-den- 
 tatis, seminibus alatis scabris apice bidentatis emarginatis. 
 
 Coreopsis lanceolata. Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 2256. Mich. flor. 
 amer. 2. p. 137. Pursh. fl . amer. 2. p. 567. Pers. syn. 2. 
 p . 478. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.v.5. p. 135. 
 
 Bidens succisse folio, radio amplo laciniato. Dill. elth. 55. 
 t. 48. /. 56. 
 
 Stems several from the same root, erect, branching. 
 Leaves opposite, broad lanceolate, entire, smooth, 
 slightly fringed, bluntish, base attenuated down the 
 petiole ; fringed at the base with long spreading white 
 hairs. Peduncle long, naked, bluntly angular, fur- 
 rowed, smooth, 1 -flowered. Involucre of two series, 
 many-leaved; scales of the outer series 9, leaf-like, 
 lanceolate, bluntish, reflexed ; of the inner 9, mem- 
 branaceous, oblong, pointed. Receptacle convex, 
 warted. Chaff subulate, channelled, about the length 
 
 d 2 
 
 
of the florets. Rays very broad, barren, cuneate, 
 toothed with 4 large unequal teeth, which are bluntly 
 and unequally crenate, or slightly notched, strongly 
 nerved underneath, and furrowed on the upper side, 
 flat when first expanded, afterwards rolled back at 
 the edges, of a bright yellow colour. Florets of the 
 disk numerous, tubular, funnel-shaped, hermaphrodite, 
 5-toothed, nerves alternating with the teeth. Stamens 5; 
 filaments distinct ; anthers connected, their points 
 exserted. Style smooth, slender, half as long again 
 as the floret. Stigmas 2, re volute, fringed. Seeds 
 oblong, slightly winged with rough edges. Pappus of 
 2 short fringed teeth. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a fine plant, sent by 
 Mr. Shepherd from the Botanic Garden at Liver- 
 pool ; an establishment, we are informed, particularly 
 rich in hardy perennial herbaceous plants. It is a 
 native of North America; and, according to Pursh, is 
 found growing in mountainous situations near Virginia, 
 and Carolina, flowering from August to October ; with 
 us it flowers about the same time ; and, if cultivated 
 in rich light soil, will attain the height of 2 feet, or 
 upwards. It is rather more tender than some other 
 species of the genus, and prefers a dryish situa- 
 tion ; it would be well to place some of them in a 
 frame in Winter, where they can be protected from the 
 severe frost ; they can then be turned out in the open 
 ground in Spring, and will succeed very well. They 
 are readily increased by dividing at the root ; or cut- 
 tings, planted under a hand-glass, will soon strike root. 
 
 1. Barren floret of the ray. 2. Floret of the disk. 3. The same spread open, 
 showing the 5 connected anthers. 4. Floret spread open, showing the nerves 
 alternating with the teeth. 5. Style terminated with 2 fringed stigmas. 
 6. Unripe seed, terminated with 2 fringed teeth. 7. Scale of the chaff. 
 
f: 1) JU a 
 
II 
 
 SOLDANELLA montana. 
 
 Mountain Soldanella . 
 
 Natural Order. Primulacea:. Brown prodr. 427. 
 
 » SOLDANELLA . Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata, 
 ore lacero multifido. Stamina 5, filamentis antheras adnatas 
 sagittatas superantibus. Stigma 1. Capsula apice multivalvis. 
 
 S. montana , foliis reniformibus crenato-repandis reticulato- 
 venosis ; petiolis hirsutis, scapo mullifloro. 
 
 Soldanella montana. Willd. enum. 1. p. 192. Link enum. 1. 
 
 p. 158. Bcem. et Schult. syst. 4. 132. Hort. sub. lond. p . 33. 
 Soldanella Clusii. Botan. magaz. 2163. 
 
 Root perennial, tufted. Stem none. Leaves reni- 
 form, waved, slightly crenate, reticulately veined, sinus 
 generally overlapping at the base. Petioles nearly 
 cylindrical, gradually tapering upwards, densely 
 clothed with short white hairs. Scape slightly pu- 
 bescent, gradually tapering upwards ; from 4 to 
 8-flowered. JBractes 4 to 8, 1 at the base of each 
 pedicle ; unequal in length, the uppermost longest, 
 smooth, ligulately-linear, obtuse. Pedicles very pu- 
 bescent, unequal in length. Flowers nodding, of a 
 pale blue colour. Calyx 5-parted, segments lanceolate, 
 bluntish, slightly wrinkled. Corolla campanulate, 
 mouth multifid, unequally and deeply lacerate. Sta- 
 mens 5, inserted in the mouth of the corolla. Filaments 
 flat and reaching beyond the anthers, terminating in a 
 simple subulate point. Anthers joined to the front of 
 the filament, 2-celled. Pollen white, farinaceous. 
 Germen smooth, with 5 gland-like pellucid warts round 
 
it. Style smooth, gradually tapering towards the 
 point, longer than the corolla. Stigma a small simple 
 point. 
 
 A beautiful little alpine plant, introduced into our 
 Gardens about seven years back. It differs from 
 S. alpina , in being altogether more robust ; in bearing 
 more flowers on each scape ; the segments of which 
 are larger, and spread more flatly open ; the termina- 
 tion of the filament beyond the anther, is simple and 
 subulate, and the petioles are densely hairy. In 
 S. alpina , the scape is few-flowered ; the flowers are 
 more finely fringed, and bell-shaped ; the filament 
 beyond the anthers terminates in a bifid point; the 
 leaves are narrower, more entire, and the petioles 
 smooth. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant at the Garden 
 belonging to the Apothecaries Company, at Chelsea, 
 in March last. When cultivated in the open ground, 
 it should be planted in a dry border, in peat soil, which 
 it prefers ; or it may be grown in rock-work, where it 
 must also have peat soil, or it will not thrive so well ; 
 it may also be cultivated, with advantage, in small 
 pots, and can then be protected in a frame in severe 
 weather. It is increased by dividing at the root, or 
 by seeds ; if by the latter method, they should be 
 sown as soon as ripe, and planted off into other pots 
 while in their seed leaf ; they will then not miss their 
 removal. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the Stamens. 
 3. Back view of the Stamen magnified. 4. Front view of ditto. 5. Germen, 
 Style, and Stigma magnified. 
 
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12 
 
 HYOSCYAMUS orientalis. 
 
 Oriental Henbane . 
 
 Natural Order. Solanea:. Juss. gen. 124. 
 
 HYOSCYAMUS . Calyx tubulosus 5-fidus. Corolla in- 
 fundibuliformis, obtusa. Stamina 5, inclinata. Stigma capi- 
 tatum. Capsula operculata, 2-locularis. Herbse ; folia Jloralia 
 seepe geminata ; flores solitarii axillares v. aggregati terminates , 
 scepe secundi. 
 
 H. orientalis , foliis ovatis repando-dentatis integerrimisve acutis 
 pubescentibus, floribus terminalibus aggregatis ; calycibus 
 oblongis pubescentibus, caule villoso. 
 
 Hyoscyamus orientalis. Marsch. Bieb. jlor. taur. cauc. v. 1 . 
 Roem. et Schult. syst . 4. p. 312. Link enum. v . 2. p. 178. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems several, springing from the 
 same root, simple, erect, slightly angular, furrowed, 
 thickly clothed with unequal villous hairs. Leaves 
 ovate, repandly-dentate, or entire, attenuated down the 
 petiole, pointed, glossy ; veins hairy. Petiole downy, 
 shorter than the blade of the leaf. Flowers terminal, 
 aggregate, trichotomously-corymbose, of a brownish 
 lilac colour. Bractes ovate, obtuse, downy. Pedun- 
 cles scarcely as long as the calyx, villous. Calyx 
 oblong, 5-toothed, ribbed, downy. Corolla funnel- 
 form, 5-cleft, ribbed, downy ; segments obtuse. Sta- 
 mens 5, inserted into the tube. Filaments villous at 
 the base, and smooth upwards ; at first, included in 
 the tube, but, at length, growing beyond the mouth. 
 Anthers sagittate, incumbent, 2-celled. Pollen bluish, 
 or ash-coloured. Germen slightly hairy, or sometimes 
 smooth. Stigma capitate, emarginate. 
 
This pretty Spring flowering plant was raised from 
 seed, received from Moscow, by Messrs. Whitley, 
 Brames, and Milne, at Fulham, in the year 1818 . It 
 is nearly related to H. physaloides , but is of much 
 stronger growth, and thickly covered with pubescence, 
 and its anthers are exserted beyond the mouth of the 
 corolla ; whereas H. physaloides is quite smooth and 
 shining, its flowers are of a beautiful dark purple, and 
 its anthers are included within the mouth ; they both 
 are in flower at the same time, and are very desirable 
 by being so early in bloom. 
 
 The present plant is a native of Iberia ; it is quite 
 hardy, and thrives well in any common garden soil, 
 flowering the latter end of March, and beginning of 
 April, and continuing in bloom a considerable time ; 
 in poor soil it will scarcely exceed a foot in height, 
 but in stronger soil it will attain 18 inches, or more. It 
 is increased by dividing at the root, or by seeds. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Co. 
 the beginning of last month. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Front view of the Corolla spread open to show the insertion 
 of the Stamens. 3. Back view of the same in a more advanced state, in which 
 the Anthers are exserted. 4. Stamen. 5. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
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13 
 
 HYOSCYAMUS physaloides. 
 
 Purple-flowered Henbane . 
 
 Natural Order . Solan eje. Juss. qen. 124. 
 HYOSCYAMUS. Supra fol. 12. 
 
 H. physaloides , foliis ovatis acutis repandis integerrimis glabris, 
 floribus terminalibus, calycibus inflatis angulatis glabris, sta- 
 minibus corolla parum brevioribus. 
 
 Hyoscyamus physaloides. Willden . 5/?. /??. 1 . 1012. enum. 
 
 229. Pers . syn . 1. p. 217. Botan. magaz. 852. Hort. 
 Kew . ed. 2. v. 1. 389. Poem, et Schult . 4. 312. 
 
 .Rootf perennial, herbaceous. several from 
 
 the same root; angular, smooth and glossy, of a pale 
 purple colour, seldom attaining a foot in height. 
 Leaves alternate, ovate, acute, entire, repand, attenu- 
 ated down the petiole, smooth and glossy, purple 
 whilst young, afterwards changing to green on the 
 upper side, and purplish underneath. Petioles shorter 
 than the leaves, smooth and shining. Flowers ter- 
 minal, paniculately corymbose, of a bright bluish 
 purple. Bractes of various sizes, some as long as the 
 peduncles, others not half the length, lanceolate, acute, 
 concave. Peduncles purplish, about half the length 
 of the calyx, with a few hairs scattered on them here 
 and there. Calyx 5-cleft, tubular, inflated, 10-angled, 
 reticulately veined, smooth ; segments fringed. Corolla 
 of a bright blue purple, funnel-form ; tube slender at 
 the base, gradually widening upwards, inside thickly 
 clothed with hairs at the base of the filaments ; border 
 5-cleft, spreading, segments blunt and rounded. 
 
 E 
 
Stamens 5, inserted in the tube ; filaments hairy at the 
 base, and smooth upwards, of a pale purple colour ; 
 anthers incumbent. Pollen white. Germen pyramidal, 
 smooth, green at the base, and purple at the point. 
 Style smooth, purple. Stigma white, capitate, emargi- 
 nate. 
 
 One of our handsomest early Spring flowering plants; 
 a native of Siberia, seldom to be met with in any 
 collection, though certainly deserving of cultivation 
 much more than a great many that are more generally 
 cultivated ; we suspect the reason of this is, from its 
 being so little known; and have, therefore, given a 
 fine specimen of it in our figure, that it may no longer 
 remain in obscurity. It is a very hardy plant, thriving 
 well in a rich light soil, and continues in flower for 
 several weeks, beginning to blossom in March, and 
 sometimes lasts in bloom till the beginning of May. 
 It may be increased by dividing at the root, or by 
 cuttings planted under a hand-glass ; it also produces 
 ripe seeds, which should be sown as soon as gathered. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in April last. 
 
 1. Calyx, showing its fringed segments. 2. Corolla. 3. The same split open, 
 showing the insertion of the stamens, natural size. 4. Stamen. 5. Germen, 
 Style, and Stigma, magnified. 
 
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14 
 
 CHRYSANTHEMUM sinense, 
 var. fasciculatum. 
 
 Superb Clustered Yellow Chrysanthemum . 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson Fam. 2. 103. 
 CHRYSANTHEMUM. Supra foh 7. 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense. Supra foh 7. 
 
 fasciculatum , floribus plenis fasciculato-corymbosis ; radiis 
 tubulosis luteis apice vix expansis, receptaculum nudum 
 conico-globosum punctatum. 
 
 Root perennial, tufted. Stems ligneous, erect; in 
 our specimen, about 3 feet high, slightly branched, and 
 terminated with a fasciculated corymbus of flowers ; 
 branches a little flexuose, obtusely angular, of a 
 purplish brown colour, thickly clothed with a dense 
 white tomentum. Leaves of various forms, punctate, 
 sinuately-lobate, and toothed with unequal bluntish 
 teeth, of a dull green on the upper side, and clothed 
 with a dense white tomentum on the lower ; segments 
 wide apart, blunt, and rounded at the ends, terminated 
 in a very short point ; lower ones about 4 inches long, 
 to 3 broad. Petioles winged, channelled on the upper 
 side, and bluntly keeled on the lower. Stipules va- 
 riable, oblong, obovate or spatulate, obtuse, sometimes 
 toothed. Peduncles short, densely tomentose. Invo- 
 lucre hemispherical, composed of numerous oblong 
 or lanceolate membranaceous scales, overlapping each 
 other. Flowers double, bright yellow. Receptacle 
 naked, dotted, between conical and globular. Rays 
 
 e 2 
 
all quilled, scarcely expanded at the points, except 
 here and there one expanded nearly half way down. 
 Florets of the disk none. Stamens none, or barren. 
 Style and Stigmas short and slender, imperfect. 
 
 Our figure represents another beautiful variety of the 
 Chinese Chrysanthemum, lately introduced into the 
 Garden of the Horticultural Society, and from thence 
 distributed to other collections; in our opinion, the 
 present variety is the handsomest of all the yellow 
 ones, and differs from all others in its compact cluster 
 of flowers ; it is one of the varieties that is most proper 
 for planting out in the open ground, as it begins flower- 
 ing earlier than many of the others ; like the rest, it 
 may be readily increased by dividing at the root, or by 
 cuttings planted under hand-glasses ; when grown in 
 pots, they are the most proper plants for ornamenting 
 rooms, or greenhouses, in Autumn. 
 
 The present variety has, in general, a naked recep- 
 tacle, or is very slightly chaffy ; some of the others 
 are thinly, others thickly clothed with chaff; our 
 opinion is, that the chaffy ones are mules, and have 
 been fertilized by the Chinese with the pollen of some 
 species of Anthemis, perhaps A. apiifolia, or some 
 nearly related species. 
 
 1. The naked dotted receptacle. 2. Floret. 3. Germen, Style, and 
 Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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15 
 
 MUSCARI botryoides, «. ft y. 
 
 Grape Muscari, three varieties . 
 
 Natural Order . Asphodelea:. Brown prodr . 274. 
 MUSCARI. Perianthium coloratum, ventricoso-tubulosum ; 
 fauce coarctata, crenis sex brevissimis marginata. Stamina 6, 
 tubo medio inserta. Stigma 1. Capsula loculis ssepius 
 2-spermis. 
 
 M. botryoides , perianthiis globosis uniformibus ; inferioribus 
 remotioribus, foliis strictis linearibus basi angustatis canal- 
 iculatis. 
 
 Muscari botryoides. Willd. enum. 1. p. 378. Link enum . 1. 
 p. 331. Hort. sub. lond . p. 73. 
 
 Hyacinthus botryoides. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 170. Pers . syn. 
 1. p. 375. Botan. magaz. 157. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v . 2. 
 p. 283. 
 
 «. azureum, floribus azureis. Sky-blue Grape Muscari. fig. a. 
 pallidum , floribus pallidis. Pale-blue Grape Muscari. fig. c. 
 
 y. album , floribus albis. White Grape Muscari. fig. b. 
 
 Root bulbous, increasing rapidly by its numerous 
 offsets. Leaves several, smooth, erect, linear, chan- 
 nelled, bluntish, narrowest at the base. Scapes gene- 
 rally 2 from the same bulb, erect, about the length of 
 the leaves, smooth, round on one side, and flat on the 
 other, slightly angular. Flowers in a crowded cluster, 
 globular, all of the same form, lowermost farthest 
 apart, nodding. Bractes 2, at the base of the pedun- 
 cle, 1 on each side, very short, succulent. Peduncles 
 cylindrical, shorter than the flowers, more than double 
 the length of the bractes. Perianthium globular, 
 mouth contracted, and terminated in 6 slight margi- 
 
nated notches. Stamens 6, inserted in the middle of 
 the tube ; filaments widest at the base, and narrowing 
 upwards ; anthers cordate, incumbent, 2-celled. Ger - 
 men trigonal. Style about the length of the stamens. 
 
 The three varieties represented in our figure are very 
 desirable plants for adorning the flower-borders in 
 Spring, where they may be planted in patches in con- 
 spicuous situations, either mixed together, or separate, 
 according to the taste of the Cultivator. The pale 
 blue variety is the least common, and, in our opinion, 
 is the most beautiful; they all increase readily by 
 offsets from the bulbs, and thrive well in a rich light 
 soil, flowering in April, some time before M. racemosum. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from plants at the Nursery 
 of Mr. Colvill ; we also received specimens of the 
 darkest blue and white varieties, from Mr. Milne, of 
 the Fulham Nursery. 
 
 1. Magnified portion of the scape, showing the bractes at the base of the 
 flowers. 2. Perianthium spread open, showing the insertion of the stamens. 
 3. Stamen detached. 4. Germen, Style, and Stigma, magnified. 
 

16 
 
 CLAYTONIA sibirica. 
 
 Siberian Claytonia. 
 
 Natural Order. Portulacea:. Juss. gen. 312. 
 
 CL A YTONIA. Calyx 2-valvis. Petala 5 subunguicu- 
 lata. Stamina 5, unguibus petalorum inserta ; antherae incum- 
 bentes. Stylus 1; stigmata 3. Capsula 3-valvis, 1-locularis, 
 3-sperma. Herbae ; folia radicalia ; scapus opposite 2-phyllus, 
 apice racemoso-multijlorus. 
 
 C. sibirica , foliis nervosis: radicalibus caulinisque ovatis, racemo 
 secundo, petalis bifidis. Willd. sp. pi. 1 . p. 1186. 
 
 Claytonia sibirica. Pers. syn. 1. p. 253. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 2. p. 53. Poem, et Schult. syst . 5. p. 435. Botan. magaz. 
 2243. 
 
 Perennial. Herbaceous. Roots tufted. Branches 
 short, numerous, much crowded together. Leaves 
 succulent, ovate, bluntish, deeply nerved, smooth and 
 glossy ; lower ones petiolate, and attenuated down the 
 petiole ; upper ones, or those on the scape sessile, the 
 two lower ones opposite. Petioles smooth, channelled 
 on the upper side, dilated at the base, and sheathing 
 the stem. Scapes axillary, declining, smooth and 
 glossy, generally terminated with 2 racemes of flowers, 
 one of them beginning to flower about the time the 
 other appears. Racemes secund, or leaning to one 
 side, drooping till the flowers expand, then becoming 
 erect. Pedicles intermixed with the bracte like leaves, 
 slender, smooth and glossy. Calyx 2-valved. Sepals 
 cordate, concave, bluntish. Petals 5, bifid, of a 
 bright lilac, streaked, and lightest at the edges, 
 
unguiculate. Stamens 5, inserted in the claws of the 
 petals. Filaments declining. Anthers red, incumbent. 
 Style smooth. Stigmas 3, blunt, slightly reflexed. 
 
 A handsome little perennial plant, attaining but a 
 few inches in height, and very desirable for ornament- 
 ing rock-work, or planting at the front of flower-bor- 
 ders ; it may also be cultivated with advantage in small 
 pots, and will continue to flower the greater part of 
 the Summer; it prefers a light sandy soil, and may be 
 increased by cuttings, which soon strike root if planted 
 in a shady situation ; it also produces seeds, by which 
 a sufficient quantity may be raised. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from a plant 
 raised last year from seed, sent by Dr. Fischer, from 
 the Botanic Garden at Gorenki. 
 
 1. The 2-valved Calyx. 2. Petals spread open, showing the insertion of the 
 Stamens. 3. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

‘1 
 
 
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17 
 
 LINUM alpinum. 
 
 Alpine Flax . 
 
 Natural Order. Line^e. DC. theor. ed. 1. p. 214. 
 
 LINUM. Calyx 5-sepalus. Petala 5 unguiculata. Stami - 
 num filamenta 10, basi in annulum connata, alterna fertilia 
 antheris sagittatis, alterna breviora sterilia. Styli 5 ; stigmata 5. 
 Capsula 5-valvis, 10-locularis. Semina solitaria. 
 
 Herbae aut suffrutices ; folia plurimorum alterna , pauciorum 
 opposita ; flores solitarii axillares aut rarius oppositifolii , apice 
 corymbosi aut spicati aut sparsi, in L. radiola, (Radiola mille- 
 grana,) 4 -andri 4 -styli. Genus a Caryophylleis distinctum 
 staminibus basi monadelphis, nullo nec receptaculo fructus cen - 
 trail nec seminis perispermo, foliis scepe alternis. Juss. 
 gen. 303. 
 
 L. alpinum , calycibus rotundatis obtusis, foliis linearibus 
 acutiusculis subreflexis, caulibus declinatis. Jacq. aust. 4. 
 t. 321. 
 
 Linum alpinum. Willden. sp. pi. 1. p. 1538. Pers . syn. 1. 
 p. 335. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 107. 
 
 Perennial. Stems several, declining, smooth at the 
 points, and rough at the base; slightly branched, from 
 5 to 9 inches in length. Leaves alternate, linear, 
 smooth and glaucous, spreading or reflexed; lower 
 ones much the shortest, and bluntish ; upper ones 
 longer, taper-pointed. Corymbus terminal, pendulous 
 before the flowers expand, afterwards becoming erect. 
 Peduncles alternating with the leaves, slender, cylin- 
 drical. Sepals 5, lanceolate, concave, bluntly rounded, 
 but ending in a small point. Petals 5, unguiculate, 
 obovate, of a light blue, tinged with purple, and darker 
 
 F 
 
veins ; claws hairy. Stamens connected at the base, 
 hairy; filaments 10, 5 bearing anthers, and 5 sterile; 
 sterile ones alternating with the others, very slender 
 and filiform, and scarcely half the length of the fertile 
 ones ; anthers sagittate, 2-celled. Styles 5, slender, 
 about double the length of the stamens. Stigmas 5, 
 incumbent, shield-like, granular. 
 
 Our drawing of this pretty little plant, was taken 
 at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, King’s Road, Chelsea; 
 where it continues to flower nearly all the Summer. 
 It is a neat little plant, and will thrive well on rock- 
 work, or at the edge of flower borders, in a light sandy 
 soil, in a dryish situation, and being of small growth, 
 it requires but little room. It might also be cultivated 
 with advantage in small pots. Being a native of 
 Austria, it is quite hardy, and is more liable to suffer 
 from damp than from cold ; it may be increased from 
 cuttings, taken off in a young state, and planted under 
 a hand-glass, where they will soon strike root ; it also 
 ripens seeds, which should be sown as soon as ga- 
 thered, and they will soon make nice young plants. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal. 3. The 5 Stamens connected at the base, alternating 
 with 5 sterile filaments, and inclosing the Germen and 5 Styles. 4. The same 
 split open, showing the 5 barren Filaments. 5. Germen. 6. Styles. 7. Stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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18 
 
 AS ARUM virginicurn, 
 
 Virginian Asarabacca . 
 
 Natural Order. ARiSTOLocHliE. Brown prodr. 349. 
 ASARUM. Perianthium coloratum, urceolatum, 3-s. 
 4-fidum, germini insideus. Stamina 12 brevia, germini impo- 
 sita ; an th eras mediis filamentis adnatae. Stylus brevis ; stigma 
 stellatum 6-partitum. Capsula 6-locularis. 
 
 A. virginicurn , foliis solitariis rotundato-cordatis obtusis glabris 
 petiolatis, perianthium extus glabrum breviter campanulatum. 
 Asarum virginicurn. Mich. flor. amer. 1. p. 279. Willden. 
 sp. pi. 2. p. 838. Pers. syn. 2. p. 1. Pursh. fl. amer. sept, 
 p. 597. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 141. 
 
 Perennial. Root tufted. Branches very short, 
 1 -leafed, 1 -flowered. Leaves roundly cordate, obtuse, 
 entire, smooth and shining, strongly veined under- 
 neath, and marked with white on the upper side, 
 similar to Cyclamen vernum, or persicum . Petiole 
 long and slender, furrowed on the upper side, and 
 convex on the lower. Bractes 2, cucullate, fringed, 
 one double the size of the other. Floivers on short 
 footstalks. Peduncle cylindrical, 1-flowered, smooth, 
 or slightly pubescent. Perianthium short, campanu- 
 late, trifid, smooth on the outside, of a pale brown 
 colour, segments straight, obtuse; inside dark purple, 
 rugged and plaited below the mouth ; segments spot- 
 ted with white, pubescent. Stamens 12, short, every 
 other one longest, seated on the germen. Style 
 scarcely any. Stigma stellately 6-parted, segments 
 
 f 2 
 
bluntish, slightly curved inwards, each having a large 
 pale gland, or protuberance, about half way up. 
 
 According to Pursh, the present curious species 
 grows in shady rocky woods, near Virginia and 
 Carolina, flowering in May ; with us it blooms much 
 earlier, as our drawing was taken at the Nursery of 
 Mr. Knight, King’s Road, the middle of April; and 
 it had then been in flower a considerable time, although 
 the season was very backward ; but it continues in 
 flower a longtime, as some of them are still remaining, 
 now, about the middle of June. It thrives best in a 
 peat soil, in a shady situation ; in such it was culti- 
 vated at Mr. Knight’s Nursery, where there was a 
 large clump of it entirely covered with bloom; the 
 flowers, though not so splendid as some others, are 
 pretty, and very curious ; and as they continue a long 
 time, the plant is well worthy a place in all curious 
 collections. It may be grown in rock-work, if in a 
 shady situation, and the ground should then be made 
 with peat ; it is readily increased by dividing at the 
 root. 
 
 1. Perianthium spread open, to show the plaited inside, and the insertion of 
 the stamens inclosing the stellately 6-parted stigrna, with the large gland on the 
 middle of each segment. 2. Stamens spread open, every other one shortest, 
 seated on the germen. 3. Back view of a detached stamen. 4. Germen, 
 with the short fleshy style, and stellated stigma split open, to show the glands 
 on the inside, all magnified. 
 
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19 
 
 PJEONIA paradoxa p, fimbriata. 
 
 Double fringed P atony. 
 
 Natural Order . Ranunculacea:. DC. Rea. veq. sysl. 
 nat. 1. p. 127. 
 
 Div. II. Ranunculaceae spuriae, seu Antheris introrsis. 
 
 PAEONIA. Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis subfoliaceis inaequa- 
 libus orbiculatis persistentibus. Petala 5 (interdum 6-10) 
 orbicularia subaequalia ungue destituta. Stamina plures, an- 
 theris introrsis; discus carnosus ovaria cingens; ovaria 2-5 
 grossa ; stigmata sessilia crassa falcata bilamellata crispa ; 
 capsulce (folliculive) 2-5, ovatae, apice stigmate superatae, 
 l-loculares, polyspermae, sutura longitudinali superne dehis- 
 centes. Semina subglobosa nitida; umbilicus prominulus ; 
 albumen carnosum; embryo in basi locatus. 
 
 Herbas aut rarius suffrutices ; radices perennes collo crasso 
 subhorizontali, fibris fasciculatis extus nigricantibus aut omni- 
 bus aut aliis cylindricis , alteris in tubercula ovata cylindraceave 
 incrassatis ; vaginas squamosa ad basim caulis ; gemmae radi- 
 cals squamis petiolaribus constant es ; folia alterna petiolata 
 bis ternatim secta ; flores terminates , ampli , purpurei rosei aut 
 albi ( nunquam nec ccerulei nec lutei.) facile multiplices. DC. 
 syst. 1. p 386-7. 
 
 P. paradoxa , foliolis multipartitis obtusis undulatis, subtus 
 glauco-pilosis, germinibus adpressis tomentosis. Anderson 
 in Linn, trans. v. 12. p. 280, cum synon. 
 
 Paeonia paradoxa. Hort. sub. lond. p. 124. Link enum. 2. 
 p. 77. 
 
 a. simplicijlora, caule omnino glabro, floribus 8-petalis. 
 
 £. fimbriata, caule vix pilosiusculo, floribus plenis. Anders, 
 loc. cit. 
 
 Paeonia paradoxa fimbriata. Sabine in Hort. Trans . v. 2. 
 p. 276. Hort. sub. lond. p. 124. 
 
 Roots tuberous, slenderer than in most species, here 
 and there knotted, spreading. Stem from a foot to 
 18 inches in height, simple, smooth, or slightly pu- 
 bescent, furrowed. Leaves biternate ; lower ones 
 
largest, and most divided; upper ones gradually 
 smaller; segments ovate, or oblong, often bifid, or 
 trifid ; sometimes simple, bluntish, the upper ones 
 a little pointed, flat, or slightly undulate, upper side 
 naked, uneven, of a bright green ; under side thickly 
 clothed with a whitish woolly pubescence. Petioles 
 smooth, slightly decurrent, swollen at the base. 
 Sepals 5, smooth, unequal, outer ones green, scarcely 
 half the size of the inner ones, nearly round, pointed ; 
 inner ones nearly orbicular, retuse, green on the under 
 side, and tinged with red on the upper. Flowers 
 double, of a reddish purple. Petals 8 on the outside, 
 obovate, slightly retuse, much veined ; edges a little 
 uneven, surrounding the numerous stamens that are 
 transformed into narrow petals, with here and there 
 a broad one intermixed. Pollen produced round the 
 edges of some of these of a yellow colour. Germens 
 2, erect, close pressed, thickly clothed with a white 
 dense tomentum. Styles 2, flesh-coloured, hooked or 
 reflexed. 
 
 This beautiful variety of P. paradoxa had generally 
 passed in our Nurseries for a variety of P, humilis , 
 until its species had been determined by the late 
 Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Sabine, in the Horticultural 
 and Linnean Transactions, where a masterly account 
 of the whole that were known at that time in our 
 gardens is given, with their synonyms. 
 
 The present variety is readily distinguished from the 
 double ones of the other species, by its humbler growth, 
 and pubescent leaves ; it thrives well in the common 
 garden soil, and is increased by dividing at the root. 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Messrs. 
 Whitley, Brames, and Milne, of the Fulham Nursery. 
 
 1. Calyx showing the unequal sepals. 2. Woolly Germens, crowned with 
 the hooked fleshy style. 3. Stamen partly changed to a petal, showing the 
 pollen on its sides. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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20 
 
 GLOBULARIA vulgaris. 
 
 Common Globularia , or Blue Daisy. 
 
 Natural Order . Globularina:. Link enum. 1. p. 123. 
 
 GLOBULARIA. Calyx tubulosus 5-fidus persistens. 
 Corolla tubulosa, 5-loba, insequalis ; laciniis 2 superioribus 
 minimis. Stamina 4, tubo inserto (laciniis alterna ?) Germen 
 superum ; stylus 1 ; stigma 1. Semen 1, calyce connivente 
 tectum. Flores aggregati in calyce communi polyphyllo hemis- 
 phaerico supra receptaculum commune paleaceum. 
 
 Caulis herbaceus simplex , apice 1-Jlorus ; folia radicalia scepe 
 spatulata, emarginato-acuminata ; caulina parva aut subnulla. 
 Discrepat G. Alypum calyce communi turbinato plurimum im- 
 bricato, corolla ligulatd tridentata , stigmate 2-fdo, caule fru- 
 tescente ramoso , habitu Protea ; an genus diversum ? Globula- 
 ria a Monopetalis hypogynis et ideo a Lysimachiis distinctissima 
 semine nudo et florum dispositione et habitu , indb Statice extus 
 similis non tamen affinis , similior forte Proteis sed corollata, 
 unica in suo ordine nondiim cognito, huic tanquam viciniori nunc 
 adjuncta. Juss. gen. 97. 
 
 G. vulgaris , caule herbaceo, foliis radicalibus tridentatis ; cauli- 
 nis lanceolatis. Willden . sp. pi. 1. p. 540. 
 
 Globularia vulgaris. Pers. syn. 1. p. 118. Hort . Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 1. p . 222. Rcem. et Schult. syst. 3. 39. Link enum. 1. 
 p. 123. Schkuhr . liandb. 1. p . 65. t . 21. Botan. magaz. 2256. 
 
 Root perennial. Branches numerous, short, tufted. 
 Leaves smooth and glossy ; lower ones petiolate, ovate, 
 oblong, or spatulate, obtuse, generally terminated with 
 3 short bluntish teeth; stem-leaves scattered, small, 
 sessile, lanceolate, or oblong, entire, acute. Flower- 
 stem from 4 to 6 inches high, furrowed with numerous 
 shallow channels. Flowers in a flattish head, about 
 
the size of a large cherry, of a bright blue. Receptacle 
 chaffy. Scales of the chaff fringed, about the length 
 of the calyx. Calyx tubular, hairy, 5-cleft, persistent ; 
 segments taper-pointed, fringed. Corolla tubular, 
 5-parted ; segments unequal ; 2 upper ones very small 
 and slender. Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, and 
 alternating with the larger segments. Style 1 , termi- 
 nated with an emarginate stigma. 
 
 The present beautiful plant is an old inhabitant of 
 our gardens, though it is now very rarely met with ; 
 and we had never before seen it growing so luxuriantly, 
 and flowering so abundantly, as we saw it this Spring, 
 at the Nursery of Mr. Lee, at Hammersmith ; it was 
 cultivated in a bed of peat soil, several plants of it grow- 
 ing together, which made a fine appearance ; and from 
 one of them our drawing was taken. Being a short 
 tufted plant, it might be grown with advantage on 
 rock-work, but requires a light soil ; it will also thrive 
 well in pots, and may be increased by seed, or dividing 
 at the root. 
 
 1. The chaffy Receptacle. 2. Scale of the chaff, fringed. 3. Calyx and 
 Corolla. 4. Calyx divested of the corolla, and showing its fringed segments. 
 5. Corolla split open, showing the insertion of the stamens. 6. Germen, Style, 
 and cleft Stigma, all magnified except the receptacle. 
 

 21 
 
 Jul/ !y JL Jnm-t' / vuj 1 1822 
 
 AJituJjy £cu''h- 
 
 6 2 ) JLti U 
 
21 
 
 LYSIMACHIA verticillata. 
 
 Whorled Loosestrife . 
 
 Natural Order. PrimulacejE. Brown prod. 427. 
 LYSIMACHIA. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla rotata, 5-fida. 
 Stamina 5. Capsula globosa, 5-10 valvis. Folia opposita 
 v. verticillata. Flores axillares v. terminates, solitarii v. spicati 
 aut corymbosi. Brown prodr. 248. 
 
 L. verticillata, foliis verticillatis oblongo-lanceolatis ovatisque 
 petiolatis molli-pubescentibus, pedunculis axillaribus uni- 
 triflorisque, petalis ovatis acutis gland ulosa-ciliatis, caule 
 pubescente. 
 
 Lysimachia verticillata. Willd. enum. 1. p. 195. Rccm. et 
 Schult . syst. 4. p. 124. Link enum . 1. p. 160. Nob. in 
 Colv. catal. p. 36. col. 1. 
 
 Root perennial, turfy. Stems numerous, springing 
 from the same root, from 1 to 2 feet high, simple, 
 erect, channelled, thickly clothed with unequal woolly 
 hairs. Leaves in whorls, 4 or 5 in each whorl ; lower 
 ones generally ovate, a little unequal at the base; 
 upper ones oblong, or lanceolate, slightly undulate, 
 rugose, bluntish, many nerved underneath, and chan- 
 nelled above ; thickly clothed on both sides with 
 short soft hairs. Petioles more than 3 times shorter 
 than the leaves, deeply channelled above, and rounded 
 below; winged, the wings continuing from the leaf 
 down the stalk to the next leaves. Stipules none. 
 Peduncles from the axils of the leaves, from 1 to 3 
 flowered, thickly clothed with unequal spreading 
 hairs. Calyx 5-parted, about half the length of the 
 petals ; segments narrowly lanceolate, concave, acute, 
 
 G 
 
very hairy. Corolla rotate, of 1 petal, deeply 5-parted; 
 segments ovate, acute, glandularly ciliate, and covered 
 on both sides with a short glandular pubescence, of a 
 palish yellow, with a brown circle at the base. Fila- 
 ments 5, connected at the base ; the upper ones rather 
 the longest, all glandularly pubescent, and all bearing 
 perfect anthers. Anthers slightly incumbent, cordate, 
 2-celled, bursting in front to discharge the pollen. 
 Style green, smooth and shining, scarcely as long as 
 the filaments ; about the length of the calyx. Stigma 
 simple. 
 
 This plant is related to L. vulgaris, but differs in 
 its root being tufted, not creeping, the stem being 
 simple, and altogether more pubescent; its leaves 
 shorter and blunter, its calyx 3 times the length, and 
 the corolla glandularly ciliate, besides other slighter 
 differences. It is a very ornamental plant, beginning 
 to flower in June, and continuing in bloom till late in 
 Autumn ; growing in strong ground to the height of 
 18 inches; in poorer soil it seldom exceeds a foot. 
 It will, also, thrive very well in rock-work ; and being 
 a native of Hungary and Tauria, it is quite hardy. 
 It is readily increased by dividing at the root ; it may 
 also be raised from seeds, which succeed best if sown 
 as soon as gathered. Drawn at the Nursery of 
 Mr. Colvill, last October. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla split open, showing the stamens connected at the base. 
 3. Stamens divested of the corolla, all joined at the base. 4. Germen, Style, 
 and Stigma, all slightly magnified. 
 

 
 
 
 
22 
 
 OROBUS albus. 
 
 White-flowered Bitter-Vetch . 
 
 Natural Order. Leguminos^e. Juss. gen . 345. 
 
 Div. VII. (P APILIONACEjE.) Corolla irregularis papiliona- 
 cea. Stamina decern diadelpha. Legumen uniloculare bivalve. 
 Juss. gen. 359. 
 
 OROBUS. Calyx tubulosus, basi obtusus, limbo 5-dentatns 
 dentibus 2-supernis brevioribus et profundioribus. Stylus 
 linearis ; stigma superne villosum. Legumen oblongum poty- 
 spermum seminibus rotundis. Caulis scepe erectus. Folia con - 
 jugata, aut bijuga aut pinnata. Stipulae auriculatce . Flores 
 spicati axillares et terminates. Juss. gen. 360. 
 
 O. albus , foliis bijugisensiformibus petiolatis, stipulis lanceolatis 
 semisagittatis, caule simplici superne alato. 
 
 Orobus albus. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 1075. Pers. syn. 2. 
 
 p. 303. Hort. sub. lond.p. 164. 
 
 Orobus pannonicus. Jacq . aust. l.p. 25. t. 39. 
 
 Root tuberous, branching. Stems several from the 
 same root, simple, erect, slender, triquetrous, furrowed, 
 smooth and glossy, from 1 to 2 feet high. Leaves 
 pinnate, producing 2 pair of leaflets, or rarely 3 pair 
 on the lower part of the stem; leaflets short-petioied, 
 opposite or alternate, linear or ensiform, acute, 
 smooth ; on the upper part of the stein, about 3 inches 
 long; on the lower part, about half the length. Pe- 
 tioles wide, deeply channelled on the upper side, and 
 keeled on the lower. Stipules semisagittate, taper- 
 pointed, joined to the base of the footstalk; on the 
 lower part of the stem ovate, and on the upper part 
 lanceolate. Racemes short, axillary, the flowers all 
 leaning to one side. Peduncles very long and slender, 
 
 g 2 
 
a little flattened, slightly furrowed. Pedicles scarcely 
 as long as the calyx, slender, all bent to one side. 
 Calyx smooth, tubular, blunt at the base; limb 
 5-toothed ; teeth subulate, unequal ; the upper ones 
 shortest and deepest. Corolla papilionaceous, white, 
 slightly tinged with rose; vexillum obovate, blunt, 
 slightly emarginate ; alee , or wings , about the length 
 of the vexillum ; spoon-shaped, eared on the inside, 
 unguiculate ; keel shorter than the wings, of a greenish 
 white, curved upwards. Stamens 10, diadelphous, 
 9 connected into a tube, the other distinct. Pod flat, 
 many-seeded, terminated with a green pointed style, 
 and fringed stigma. 
 
 Our drawing of this handsome plant was taken at 
 the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne, 
 at Fulham ; we also received specimens of it from 
 Mr. Knight, of the King’s Road. It thrives well in a 
 rich light soil ; and, when grown strong, attains the 
 height of 2 feet, flowering in May and June, and 
 ripening its seeds in July, which should be sown as 
 soon as ripe ; they will then make flowering plants for 
 the next season, if properly treated. They may either 
 be sown in pots, or in the open ground ; if in the latter, 
 it should be a sheltered situation, and free from 
 weeds ; they may also be increased, but sparingly, by 
 dividing at the root. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3. Alae, or Wings. 4. Carina, or Keel. 5. Stamens, 
 with the style exserted just above them. 6. The single distinct Stamen. 
 7. The other 9 connected into one piece about half way up. 8. The young 
 Seed-pod, terminated with its Style. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 
 
 VERONICA latifolia. 
 
 Broad-leaved Speedwell . 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophularina:. Brown prodr. 433. 
 
 Sect. I. Stamina duo antherifera, Capsula bilocularis. 
 
 VERONICA. Calyx 4-partitus, raro 5-partitus. Corolla 
 subrotata. Tubus calyce brevior. Limbus 4-partitus, inaequalis, 
 lobis indivisis. Stamina 2, antherifera, sterilia nulla. Capsula 
 valvis medio septiferis, v. bipartibilis. 
 
 Herbae vel Frutices, Folia opposita , quandoque verticillata 
 v. alterna , scepe dentata v. incisa. Inflorescentia varia. Calyces 
 ebracteati. Brown prodr. 434. 
 
 V. latifolia , racemis lateralibus longissimis, foliis cordato-ovatis 
 sessilibus rugosis obtuse serratis, caule erecto, segmeratis 
 calycinis quinis. 
 
 Veronica latifolia. Willden. sp. pi. 1. p. 71. Pers. syn. 1. 
 p. 12. Hort . Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 33. Rcem. et Schult. 1. 
 
 p. 111. 
 
 Veronica pseudo-chamaedrys. Jacq. aust. 1 . p. 37. t. 60. 
 Veronica Teucrium. Roth neue Beytrage. p. 69. Pers. syn . 1. 
 Corrigenda et Addenda. 
 
 Root perennial, tufted. Stems erect, simple, thickly 
 clothed with a dense woolly pubescence, from 18 inches 
 to 2 feet high. Leaves opposite, cordately ovate, 
 sessile, clasping the stem, rugose or wrinkled, bluntish, 
 and bluntly serrated, hairy on both sides, of a dark 
 green colour ; upper leaves narrower and more pointed. 
 Racemes lateral, very long, many flowered, generally 
 4 on each stalk. Flower-stalks cylindrical, villous. 
 Bractes subulate ; lower ones about the length of the 
 peduncle ; upper ones about half the length. Calyx 
 deeply 5-cleft, segments unequal, taper-pointed, back 
 
ones nearly double the length of the middle ones; 
 front one very short and small. Corolla 4-cleft, of a 
 bright blue colour, segments unequal ; the upper one 
 largest, cordately ovate; middle ones rather less; 
 lower one narrowest, and more pointed. Stamens 2 ; 
 filaments inserted in the mouth of the corolla, scarcely 
 as long as the segments ; anthers incumbent. Capsule 
 nearly orbicular, emarginate, the septum passing down 
 through the middle. Style smooth, about the length, 
 or a little longer than the stamens. Stigma capitate. 
 
 The present ornamental plant is a native of Austria ; 
 and succeeds well in our flower borders in the open 
 ground, flowering from May to July ; we think it one 
 of the handsomest species of the genus ; and it will 
 thrive in any soil, or situation ; but the richer the soil 
 is, the stronger it will grow, and the flowers will be 
 more numerous ; though it will succeed very well in a 
 small pot, if it be well supplied with water. It is 
 readily increased by dividing at the root ; or by seeds, 
 which ripen plentifully. Our drawing was taken at the 
 Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in June last. 
 
 1. Calyx split open, to show the 5 segments, and the bracte at the base of the 
 footstalk. 2. Corolla split open, showing the insertion of the 2 stamens. 3. Ger- 
 men, Style, and capitate Stigma. 4. Capsule, all natural size. 
 
jh 'JjQjdty *e*djv 
 
24 
 
 PHLOMIS laciniata. 
 
 Jagged-leaved Phlomis. 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. II. Stamina 4-fertilia, antheris omnium v. duorum 
 completis. 
 
 A. Calyx regularis 5-fidus v. 5-10-dentatus. 
 
 PHLOMIS. Calyx 5-gonus, 5-dentatus. Corolla galea 
 incumbens, carinato-compressa, barbata, emarginata v. incisa ; 
 labium inferius proportionatum ; lobo medio majore. Stigma 
 labio superiore breviore. Brown Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 406. 
 
 P. laciniata , foliis alternatim pinnatis ; foliolis laciniatis, caly- 
 cibus lanatis. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p» 120. Pers. syn. 2. p. 126. 
 Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 408. 
 
 Root perennial, herbaceous. Stem erect, thickly 
 clothed with a woolly pubescence, about 3 feet high. 
 Leaves near the root, petiolate, alternately pinnate, 
 downy ; leaflets lanceolate, more or less laciniate ; 
 segments unequal, obtuse, sometimes toothed ; stem- 
 leaves sessile, pinnatifid or laciniate, smooth and 
 shining on the upper side, and downy on the lower ; 
 segments obtuse, unequally toothed with blunt teeth. 
 Flowers whorled in a long spike. Bractes subulate, 
 clothed with long woolly hairs. Calyx tubular, nar- 
 rowest at the base, 5-sided, angles terminated with 
 5 short subulate teeth, densely clothed inside and out 
 with long shaggy wool. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped, 
 woolly ; helmet keeled, compressed, emarginate, 
 densely fringed, of a pale sulphur colour; lower lip 
 very broad, keeled, 3-lobed; upper lobe undulate, of 
 a deep yellow, edged with brown ; side-lobes flat, of a 
 
pale yellow. Stamens 4, ascending, the 2 uppermost 
 rather longest, inserted in the mouth of the corolla, 
 and joined at the base ; the 2 lower ones shorter, 
 inserted in the tube below the mouth ; filaments hairy ; 
 anthers incumbent. Seeds 4, smooth at the base, 
 points bearded. Style smooth, about the length of 
 the stamens. Stigma unequally forked. 
 
 The present rare and handsome species is a native 
 of the Levant ; and, although it has been in our gar- 
 dens ever since the year 1731, it is now seldom to be 
 met with. For the opportunity of giving this figure, 
 we are obliged to Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne, 
 at whose Nursery, at Fulham, it flowered luxuriantly, 
 this Summer, the plant having attained the height of 3 
 feet. We suspect one reason of its present scarcity to 
 be, its suffering from too much moisture in Winter ; it is, 
 therefore, requisite to keep some plants of it in pots, 
 that they might be protected under frames in moist or 
 very cold weather. The best method of increasing it is 
 from seeds, which will ripen plentifully, if some pollen 
 be rubbed on the stigmas when in full bloom ; as soon 
 as gathered, they should be sown in pots, and preserved 
 under a frame in Winter, and they will make flowering 
 plants for the next Summer. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla split open, showing the insertion of the stamens. 
 3. Stamen detached. 4. The 2 upper Stamens joined together, about half way 
 their length ; the upper parts distinct. 5. Style and Stigma. 6. The 4-bearded 
 Seeds. 
 
05 
 
 & 3) hi 
 
25 
 
 CORONILLA iberica. 
 
 Iberian Coronilla . 
 
 Natural Order. Leguminosa:. Juss. gen. 345. 
 
 Div. VIII. ( PAPILIONACEJE .) Corolla irregularis papilio- 
 nacea. Stamina decern diadelpha. Legumen articulatum 
 articulis monospermis. Juss. gen. 361. 
 
 CORONILLA. Calyx 2-labiatus ; supra 2-dentatus dentibus 
 junctis : infra 3-dentatus. Vexillum vix alis longius. Lomentum 
 teres, articulatum, rectum. 
 
 Herbse aut Suffrutices; folia imparipinnata, stipulis a 
 petiolo distinclis , pedunculi axillares et terminates , umbellatim 
 multijlori ; legumen in pluribus 2-valve sub \-loculare vix arti- 
 culatum , in Coronilla T. subcylindricum seminibus oblongis , 
 in Securidaca T. latius compresso-planum apice subulatum 
 seminibus subquadratis , tenue subulatum seminibus cylindricis 
 in Emero T. cujus prceteria caidis frutescens et petala unguicu - 
 lata et unguis vexilli basi 2-callis. Juss. gen. 361. 
 
 C. iberica , herbacea procumbens, foliolis undenis cuneato- 
 obcordatis sericeo-pubescentibus, stipulis cuneatis ciliatis, 
 umbellis 6-8-floris. 
 
 Coronilla iberica. Marsch. Bieb. taur . cauc. 1. 171. 3. 479. 
 Link enum . 2. p. 244. Steud . nomen . 228. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems numerous, prostrate, spread- 
 ing round in all directions, slightly angular, pubescent. 
 Leaves pinnate; leaflets generally 11, cuneate or 
 obcordate, covered on both sides with a silky pubes- 
 cence, margins fringed. Petioles channelled on the 
 upper side, and convex on the lower. Stipules short, 
 cuneate, fringed. Peduncles cylindrical, pubescent, 
 bearing umbels of from 6 to 8 flowers. Involucre of 
 several very small pointed teeth. Pedicles scarcely 
 
 H 
 
as long as the calyx, recurved. Calyx 2-lipped ; 
 upper lip keeled, composed of 2 flat teeth joined 
 together, fringed at the point with numerous long 
 white hairs ; lower lip toothed with 3 sharp pointed 
 teeth, also fringed. Corolla papilionaceous, of a 
 bright yellow colour ; vexillum about the length of the 
 wings, unguiculate, keeled, emarginate; alee or wings 
 obovate, unguiculate, eared on one side ; keel about 
 the length of the wings, or scarcely as long, bifid at 
 the base, point acute, curved inwards. Stamens 10, 
 scarcely diadelphous, the back stamen being joined 
 to the others more than half way up ; filaments all 
 distinct at the points; anthers incumbent. Style fal- 
 cate, gradually tapering upwards. Stigma capitate. 
 
 For the opportunity of giving a figure of this beauti- 
 ful plant, we are indebted to Mr. Anderson, Curator 
 of the Garden belonging to the Apothecaries’ Com- 
 pany, at Chelsea, where it is cultivated in the open 
 ground, and spreads round to some distance, making 
 a fine appearance with its numerous golden yellow 
 flowers ; it differs from the others of the genus, by its 
 stamens being all connected at the base. 
 
 Being a native of Iberia, it is likely to succeed well 
 in the open borders ; but it will be well to keep some 
 plants of it in pots, that they may be protected in a 
 frame in Winter, as it may probably suffer from too 
 much moisture. It is readily increased by seeds, 
 which ripen freely. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3. One of the alae, or wings. 4. Keel. 5. The 
 10 stamens joined at the base, the back one parted from the others about half 
 way down. C. Germen, terminated with the Style, and small capitate Stigma. 
 
lb 
 
 
26 
 
 SALVIA Tenorii. 
 
 Tenores Sage . 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. I. Stamina 2 fertilia; v. dum 4 fertilia. Antberge 
 omnium dimidiatae. 
 
 SALVIA . Calyx subcampanulatus, bilabiatus, labio supe- 
 rior 3-dentato, inferior bifido. Corolla ringens. Filamenta 
 duo fertilia bifida, lobo alter adscendenti anthera dimidiata, 
 alter sterili. Folia rugosa. Flores verticillato-racemosi. 
 Brown prodr. 500. 
 
 S. Tenorii , foliis oblongis subsinuatis inaequaliter crenatis 
 rugosis reticulato-venosis ; summis amplexicaulibus acutis, 
 verticillis subnudis, corollis galea hirsuta falcata, calycibus 
 sulcatis. 
 
 Salvia Tenorii. Spreng. pug. 1. n. 3. Rcem. et ScJiult. 
 syst. 1 . 242. Link enum. 1. p. 14. Steud. nomen. p. 729. 
 
 Salvia Barrelieri. Tenore. Schrank . Hort . monac. 1. t, 5. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems from 1 to 2 feet high, not 
 much branched ; branches bluntly quadrangular, 
 thickly clothed with unequal spreading hairs. Leaves 
 near the root petiolate, oblong, slightly jagged, un- 
 equally crenate, bluntly pointed, very rugged and 
 uneven, reticulately veined, hairy on both sides ; upper 
 leaves clasping the stem, or sometimes with very short 
 footstalks, cordate, acute, more deeply jagged. 
 Petioles flat on the upper side, and convex on the 
 lower, hairy, as are the peduncles and calyx. Floivers 
 growing in whorls, about six in each, of a beautiful 
 dark blue, tinged with purple. Bractes small, cordate, 
 taper-pointed, fringed. Peduncles short and slender, 
 
 h 2 
 
about half the length of the calyx. Calyx campanu- 
 late, hispid, deeply furrowed with numerous channels, 
 2-lipped; upper lip terminated in 3 short pointed 
 teeth; lower lip bifid. Corolla ringent, hairy; helmet 
 narrow, and very much falcate; lower lip 3-lobed, 
 terminal lobe cucullate, crenate, side ones small and 
 narrow. Stamens 2, fertile, on short stems ; filaments 
 ascending ; anthers linear, incumbent ; sterile stamens 
 2, gland-like, on a short footstalk. Seeds 4, smooth, 
 of a dark brown colour. Style long and slender, 
 terminated with an unequal bifid stigma. 
 
 This handsome plant was raised last year at the 
 Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from seed received from 
 Dr. Fischer, then at the Botanic Garden at Gorenki, 
 under the name of S. dumetorum; but we have no 
 doubt but it is the species for which we have given it, 
 and it is cultivated by Mr. Anderson as such. It 
 makes a fine show in the flower borders, being covered 
 with beautiful blue flowers in May and June. Our 
 plants grew nearly 2 feet high ; perhaps when it gets 
 stronger, it will attain a greater height ; it thrives well 
 in the common garden soil, and would succeed very 
 well in rock-work. Seeds of it ripen freely, so that 
 any quantity of them may soon be raised. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla split open, to show the insertion of the stamens. 
 3. Stamens detached from the corolla. 4. Style and unequal divided Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 7 
 
27 
 
 HYOSCYAMUS agrestis. 
 
 Hungarian field Henbane. 
 
 Natural Order. SoLANEiE. Juss. yen. 124. 
 HYOSCYAMUS. Supra fol. 12. 
 
 H. agresiis , foliis amplexicaulibus angulato-dentatis glabrius- 
 culis, floribus sub-sessilibus, corollis reticulato-venosis, caly- 
 cibus angulatis, caule villoso ramoso. 
 
 Hyoscyamus agrestis. Rcem . et Schult. sysl. 4. 308. Link 
 enurn . 1. p. 177. 
 
 Annual. Stem erect, branching, from a foot to 18 
 inches in height ; branches spreading, thickly clothed 
 with long villous hairs. Leaves clasping the stem, 
 ovate, acute, angular, or toothed with large pointed 
 teeth, smoothish, nerves villous underneath. Flowers 
 all leaning to one side, nearly sessile. Peduncles very 
 short, longest on the lowermost flowers, villous. 
 Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, inflated, angular, thickly 
 clothed with long villous hairs; mouth spreading. 
 Corolla tubular, mouth spreading, ringent, 5-cleft, of a 
 brownish yellow, reticulately veined with violet- 
 coloured veins, the lower part of a dark-brownish 
 purple; segments unequal, obtuse. Stamens 5, in- 
 serted in the tube ; filaments densely clothed at the 
 base with rigid spreading hairs, the upper part smooth 
 and naked ; anthers incumbent. Germen smooth and 
 shining. Style hairy, about the length of the stamens. 
 Stigma capitate, fimbriate. 
 
We first observed plants of this species, about 
 seven years back, at the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley and 
 Co. at Fulham ; where it was raised from seeds given 
 them by a friend, who collected them on the Carpa- 
 thian Mountains; it is nearly related to our British 
 species H. niger , but differs in that being biennial ; 
 the present is annual. H. pallidas is also allied to it, 
 but its flowers are of a pale yellow, and not netted. 
 It only requires to be sown in the open ground ; the 
 plants when come up, must be thinned out, so as to be 
 about 6 inches apart, or else they will be drawn up by 
 being too close together, and the plants will not be so 
 handsome, or flower so well. If the seeds are sown 
 in Autumn, it will bloom early in Spring ; if sown in 
 February, they will flower later ; some may be sown 
 as late as May or June, to flower late in Autumn ; 
 like other annuals, it is a good plan to sow them at 
 different seasons, so as to have a good succession of 
 flowers. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where the 
 plants grew about 18 inches high, and produced 
 plenty of seeds. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla split open, to show the insertion of the stamens. 3. Sta- 
 men detached, showing the hairy filament. 4. Germen, Style, and fringed 
 capitate Stigma. 
 

28 
 
 HEMEROCALLIS disticha. 
 
 Fan-like Day-Lily . 
 
 Natural Order. Hemerocallidea:. Brown prodr. 295. 
 
 HEMEROCALLIS. Perianthium campanulatum ; tubo 
 cylindrico. Stamina 6, declinata. Stigma parvulum, sim- 
 plex, villosulum. 
 
 Herbae perennes ; rhizoma fibris fasciculatis carnosis crassis 
 nuncfusiformi-protuberantibus ; folia radicalia plura-numerosa 
 a piano obversa bifaria , ambientiave , lorato-attenuata, ab 
 inferius convoluto-equitantibus canaliculato-explicantia, nunc 
 petiolata lamina nervoso-costata ; caul is teres , bract ea vel spat ha 
 sterili nunc folio stipaius , simplex ; racemus pauci-multijlorus, 
 corymbi-vel thyrsiformis, vel nunc spicatim effusus ; pedicelli 
 ramiformes stricti, gracilisve flexilis ; flores majusculi , speciosi. 
 Plurimum Lilij, multum Agapanthi habet . Ker Botan. 
 magaz. 1433. 
 
 H. disticha , foliis linearibus carinatis distichis, periantliium 
 laciniis lanceolatis undulatis acutis patentibus reflexis ; tribus 
 interioribus latioribus, nervisque petalorum exterioribus 
 ramosus. 
 
 Hemerocallis disticha. Donn Cant. ed. 6. 93. Botan. magaz. 
 1433. Specie, enumer . Hort. sub. iond. p. 67. 
 
 Hemerocallis fulva. Thumb, jap. 142. excl. syn. Linn. 
 
 Perennial , producing numerous suckers from the 
 base. Leaves distichous, or fan-like, linear, bluntly 
 keeled on the lower side, and deeply channelled on 
 the upper, elegantly striated, smooth and glossy; when 
 full grown, nearly a yard in length. Flower-stem 
 proceeding from the side of the shoot, much shorter 
 than the leaves, (in our specimen,) about 1 foot 9 inches 
 in height, forked at the point, slightly angular upwards, 
 a little twisted, and slightly covered with a whitish 
 powder, which comes off as soon as touched ; from 
 the stem is produced 3 bracte like leaves or sterile 
 
spathes, from 2 to 3 inches in length, sheathing the 
 stem, their margins involute. Scapes forked. Ra- 
 cemes 2, (in our specimen,) each producing 6 flowers, 
 1 or 2 opening at the same time. Bracte short, at 
 the base of each flower, cordate or ovate, pointed, 
 membranaceous, sheathing the stem ; upper ones 
 shortest, and broadest. Peduncle very short, decur- 
 rent down the stem. Perianthium campanulate, tubu- 
 lar ; tube about 1 inch and a half in length, cylindrical, 
 pale yellow ; segments 6 , lanceolate, undulate, acute, 
 spreading, about 3 inches and a half long, reflexed 
 about half their length, of a light brown orange colour ; 
 inner petals broadest. Stamens 6 , inserted in the 
 mouth of the tube; filaments long, declining, irregularly 
 bent, with here and there a protuberance on them. 
 Anthers incumbent, slightly attached to the filament. 
 Germen smooth, obsoletely 3-sided. Style about the 
 length of the stamens, with some irregular protube- 
 rances towards the point. Stigma simple, slightly 
 bearded. 
 
 Our drawing of this beautiful plant was taken at 
 the Nursery of Messrs. Allen and Co., King’s Road, 
 where it produced 2 scapes of flowers ; one, after the 
 other was over. It is seldom to be met with in flower 
 in our collections, and may therefore be considered a 
 great rarity. We have been acquainted with it for 
 several years, but never saw it flower before ; perhaps 
 the reason is, that we have, generally, seen it cultivated 
 in the open ground ; the present subject was grown in 
 a pot, by which means it grew weaker, and, perhaps, 
 that occasioned its flowering. 
 
 It is a native of China, but grows freely in the open 
 ground, in the common garden soil ; and propagates 
 readily from the suckers, which it produces in abun- 
 dance. 
 
 1 . The Tube split open, showing the 6 stamens inserted in its month. 2. Ger- 
 men. 3. Style, showing some protuberances towards the point. 4. The 
 bearded Stigma. 
 

 
29 
 
 PHLOX triflora. 
 
 Pubescent-stemmed Lychnidea. 
 
 Natural Order . Polemonide^e. Juss. gen . 136. 
 PHLOX. Calyx 5-fidus aut 5-partitus connivens. Corolla 
 tubulosa hypocrateriformis, tubo Jongo, limbo piano 5-partito. 
 Stamina 5 inaequalia; antheris sagittatis. Stigma trifidum. 
 Capsula 3-locularis, 1-sperma. 
 
 Herbae ; folia opposita simplicia, floralia inter dum alterna ; 
 / lores subcorymbosi terminates. Habitus Saponarice , sed flos 
 1 -petalus. Juss. gen. loc. cit. 
 
 P. triflora , caulibus erectis subpubescentibus, foliis lanceolatis 
 glabris, corymborum ramis subtrifloris, calycinis dentibus 
 linearibus. Michaux. Flor. Amer. 1 . p. 143. 
 
 Phlox triflora. Pers. syn. 1. p. 186. Hort. sub . lond . p. 36. 
 
 Colv. catal. ed. 2. p. 40. col. 1. 
 
 Phlox carnea. Botan . magaz. 2155. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems branching, nearly erect, a 
 little flexuose, from a foot to 18 inches high, thickly 
 clothed with a dense woolly pubescence, upper part 
 obsoletely quadrangular ; branches spreading, each 
 crowned with a corymbus of flowers. Leaves short- 
 petioled, entire, lanceolate, acute, broad at the base, 
 smooth, and dotted all over with innumerable minute 
 dots ; lower ones opposite, those near the flowers 
 sometimes alternate. Flowers in a loose spreading 
 corymbus, of a pale lilac colour; branches of the 
 corymbus mostly 3-flowered. Peduncles smooth, 
 seldom as long as the calyx. Calyx deeply 5-cleft, 
 segments linear, keeled, and taper-pointed, all joined 
 by a thin membrane at the base. Corolla tubular; 
 
 i 
 
tube about twice the length of the calyx ; limb 5-parted, 
 segments roundly obcordate, slightly undulate, at last 
 reflexed. Stamens 5, unequal, inserted in the tube, 
 one just below the mouth, and projecting a little 
 beyond it, 2 a little lower down, and the other 2 more 
 than one third of the way down. Filaments very 
 short. Anthers sagittate. Pollen yellow. Germen 
 smooth, of a dark green. Style smooth, filiform. 
 Stigma trifid, segments erect, or slightly spreading, 
 obtuse. 
 
 Our drawing of this beautiful species was taken at 
 the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where it continues to 
 flower from July to October, if the weather continues 
 mild ; like most of the species of this genus, it is a 
 native of North America, and contributes greatly to 
 enliven our flower borders, the latter part of Summer. 
 It succeeds well in the open ground, in the common 
 garden soil, growing to the height of a foot or 18 inches, 
 according to the strength of the plant, or richness of 
 the soil. Cuttings of it planted under hand-glasses, 
 strike root readily ; when rooted, they may either be 
 potted, or planted in the ground ; the sooner in Spring 
 the cuttings are put in, the stronger the plants will be ; 
 and if planted early, many of them will flower the 
 same season. 
 
 1 . Calyx. 2. Corolla, with its tube split open, to show the insertion of the 
 stamens. 3. Stamen detached. 4. Style, terminated with 3 Stigmas. 
 
10 
 
30 
 
 LIN ARIA bipartita. 
 
 Cloven-flowered Toadflax . 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophularina:. Brown prodr. 433. 
 
 Sect. II. Stamina 4 antherifera. 
 
 LIN ARIA. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla basi calcarata ; 
 faux palato clausa. Capsula ventricosa, bilocularis, valvata 
 y. dentata; dissepimento membrauaceo, medio seminifero. 
 
 Folia scepius alterna, in quibusdam inferior a opposita aut 
 verticillata ; fores axillares , aut scepius bracteati spicati ter- 
 minales. Species qucedam palato destitutes ; queedam inter dum, 
 feecundatione hybrida, corollis onustee regularibus (Peloria L.) 
 5-andris , basi 5-calcaratis, limbo 5-lobis , interea non fructiferce y 
 sed taleis propag andee. Juss. gen. 120. 
 
 L. bipartita , foliis lineari-lanceolatis ; inferioribus oppositis : 
 
 superioribus alternis, racemis laxis, galea erecta bipartita. 
 Linaria bipartita. Willd. enum. 2. 640. Link enum. 2. 136. 
 Hort. sub. lond. p. 141. 
 
 Antirrhinum bipartitum. Vent. hort. cels. t. 82. Pers. sun. 2. 
 p. 155. 
 
 Antirrhinum speciosum. Bonn. hort. cant. ed. 7. p. 178. 
 
 Root annual. Stem erect, branching; branches 
 erect, nearly cylindrical, smooth, and glossy. Leaves 
 linearly lanceolate, acute, concave, slightly pubescent, 
 glaucous ; lower ones opposite ; upper ones alternate. 
 Racemes long, erect, flowers rather distant from each 
 other. Bractes cordately lanceolate, taper-pointed, 
 with red margins. Pedicles slender, longer than the 
 bractes. Calyx 5-parted nearly to the base ; segments 
 lanceolate, acute, keeled ; margins red and transparent. 
 Corolla tapering into a long sharp spur at the base, 
 mouth closed ; helmet erect, 2-parted, lobes ligulate, 
 
 i 2 
 
obtuse ; lower lip 3-lobed, the middle lobe smallest, 
 side ones rounded and spreading. Flowers varying 
 from a bright blue purple to a light purple, and 
 variously marked with yellow. Stamens 4, inserted 
 in the base of the corolla, the 2 upper ones shortest ; 
 filaments smooth ; anthers incumbent. Style smooth, 
 shorter than the stamens. Stigma bifid, points curved 
 inwards towards each other. 
 
 A very handsome hardy annual, which requires no 
 particular care, as the seeds may be sown in the open 
 ground, where they are to remain, and only require 
 to be kept clean from weeds ; it seldom exceeds a 
 foot in height, but branches a good deal, so that the 
 plants should not grow too close together ; the colour 
 of the flowers vary considerably on different plants, 
 some being nearly blue, others more inclining to 
 purple, and some are nearly yellow; if the seeds 
 are sown the latter end of March, or beginning of 
 April, the plants will be more forward and stronger 
 than those that are sown later in the season ; and if 
 the weather be not too dry, they will continue to make 
 young shoots, and flower all the Summer. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill. A native of 
 Barbary, and flowers from June to October. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Front view of the Corolla. 3. The same spread open, to show 
 the insertion of the stamens. 4. Stamen. 5. Gerinen, Style, and bifid Stigma. 
 
31 
 
 VERBASCUM pyramidatum. 
 
 Pyramidal Mullein . 
 
 Natural Order . Solanea;. Juss. gen . 124. 
 
 I. Pericarpium capsulare. 
 
 VERBASCUM . Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla rotata patens 
 5-loba insequalis. Stamina 5, inaequalia, filamentis inclinatis 
 barbatis. Stigma 1. Capsula 2-locularis, 2-valvis ; valvulis 
 inflexis, polysperma. 
 
 Herbae, plerceque tomentosce ; folia quorumdam decurrentia, 
 quorumdam petiolus appendiculatus ; fores Blattarias T. spicati 
 more Celsice , Verbasci T. spicato-paniculati bracteati , bracteis 
 multifloris . Juss. gen. loc. cit. 
 
 V. pyramidatum , foliis nudiusculis ; inferioribus oblongis basi 
 attenuatis : superioribus cordatis acuminatis subsessilibus, 
 racemis paniculatis, floribus sparsis subsolitariis, filamentis 
 omnibus barbatis. Willd. enum . 1 . p. 224. 
 
 Verbascum pyramidatum. Rcem. et Schult, syst. 4. p. 343. 
 Link enum. 1. p . 175. Hort. sub. lond. p. 40. 
 
 Biennial. Stem erect, from 5 to 3 feet high, much 
 branched ; branches forming a pyramid, lower ones 
 very long, putting out other branches from the bottom ; 
 upper ones shorter and simple, all slightly decurrent, 
 furrowed, very downy. Leaves reticulately veined, 
 a little rugged, smooth and shining, scarcely pube- 
 scent ; lower ones oblong, slender at the base, with a 
 short footstalk, sometimes 18 inches in length, un- 
 equally jagged, and toothed with large bluntish teeth ; 
 gradually lessening in size up the stem ; at length 
 cordate, sessile, acuminate, more or less jagged or 
 toothed. Racemes very long, branched. Flowers 
 scattered, generally solitary, of a light yellow. 
 
Bracte 1 , at the base of each pedicle, lanceolate, 
 taper-pointed, slightly fringed, lower ones a little 
 longer than the calyx, upper ones not so long. Pedicles 
 scarcely as long as the segments of the calyx, very 
 downy. Calyx 5-parted, segments unequal, some 
 ovate, others lanceolate, acute. Corolla rotate, spread- 
 ing, 5-parted; laciniae unequal, the 2 upper ones 
 smallest and narrowest ; the lower one largest and 
 broadest. Stamens 5, inserted into the base of the 
 corolla, the upper ones shortest ; filaments smooth 
 and naked at the base, of an orange colour, upper 
 part densely bearded with violet-coloured villous 
 hairs ; anthers reniform ; pollen orange-coloured. Style 
 smooth and glossy. Stigma capitate, villous. 
 
 A fine stately biennial, native of Mount Caucasus. 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where it was 
 raised last year from seed sent by Dr. Fischer. In 
 rich soil, it will attain the height of 7 or 8 feet, of a 
 pyramidal form ; and being of strong growth, it should 
 be kept at the back of the flower borders. If the 
 seeds are sown as soon as ripe, the young plants will 
 come up and flower the next season. It appears to 
 the greatest advantage singly, as its pyramidal shape 
 is then better seen. Seeds ripen in abundance, by 
 which any quantity may be raised. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the stamens at 
 the base, alternating with the segments of the corolla. 3. Stamen detached. 
 4. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 2 
 
32 
 
 NEMOPHILA phacelioides. 
 
 Phacelia-like Nemophila. 
 
 Natural Order. Hydrophyllea:. Brown. 
 
 NEMOPHILA. Calyx inferus, persistens, 10-fidus; laci- 
 niis alternis reflexis. Corolla campanulata, 5-loba; lobis 
 emarginatis. Nectarium foveolse 10 ad marginem faucis. 
 Stamina brevia. Antherce lunatae. Capsula unilocularis. 
 Semina 4, unum supra allerura receptaculis duobus parietalibus 
 inserta. ( Ovarium uniloculare, placentis duabus parietalibus 
 dispermis, ovulis distantibus. Capsula unilocularis, placentis 
 carnosis, axi longitudinali dorsali affixis, caeterum solutis, seper- 
 ficie ventrali seminiferis. Brown MSS.) Bot. mag. 2373. 
 
 Nemophila phacelioides. Barton Jl. americ. 61. Botan. 
 magaz. 2373. 
 
 Root biennial ? or, perhaps, annual ? Stems succu- 
 lent, erect, much branched ; branches forked, acutely 
 triangular, occasioned by the decurrent leaves, having 
 3 flat, or rather convex sides ; angles hairy, the hairs 
 recurved. Leaves alternate, pinnatifid, slightly hairy, 
 succulent, of a light green colour; segments oblong, 
 oblique, some bluntish, others acute, finely ciliate ; 
 lower ones distant, more or less lobed. Petioles 
 shorter than the leaves, decurrent down the stem, 
 concave on the upper side, and convex on the lower, 
 ciliate, with a fascicle of long white hairs at the base. 
 Peduncles solitary, cylindrical, tapering upwards, 
 1-flowered, sometimes opposite to the leaf, more 
 frequently on one side, sometimes axillary, or a little 
 above it, smooth, or with here and there a hair scat- 
 tered on it. Calyx inferior, persistent, 10-cleft; seg- 
 ments oblongly-lanceolate, acute, ciliate, every other 
 
one several times largest; 5 larger ones erect, or 
 spreading, their margins recurved; 5 smaller, flat, 
 reflexed. Corolla campanulate, densely bearded at 
 the mouth, limb 5-cleft, laciniae oblong, obtuse, slightly 
 emarginate, veined with numerous branching veins. 
 Nectary 10 small purple hollows, surrounding the 
 mouth of the tube. Stamens 5, scarcely half the 
 length of the corolla ; filaments smooth, inserted in the 
 base of the tube; anthers incumbent, sagittate and 
 straight before bursting ; afterwards burst on each 
 side, and becoming lunular; 'pollen white. Germen 
 densely hairy. Style erect, very hairy at the base, and 
 smooth upwards. Stigma bifid, ending in two blunt 
 simple points. 
 
 A very beautiful hardy biennial ? or, perhaps, annual? 
 native of North America, and lately introduced by 
 John Walker, Esq. of Southgate, and kindly com- 
 municated by him to Mr. Colvill, at whose Nursery 
 our drawing was taken. It belongs to the Natural 
 Order Hydrophylleje of Mr, Brown, to which, also, 
 belongs Hydrophyllum , Phacelia, and Ellisia , and 
 a new polyspermous genus, described by Mr. Brown 
 under the name of Eutoca Franklinii ; the above 
 genera have been usually referred to Boraginece ; 
 an order in which all the true genera belonging 
 to it, bear 4 naked seeds ; those above have been 
 referred to it merely on account of the same number 
 of seeds, though contained in a capsule; but, as 
 Mr. Brown observes, Eutoca being polyspermous, 
 cannot certainly belong to Boraginece, but is a 
 true congener of Hydrophyllece ; it, therefore, esta- 
 blishes the order, though an anomaly in it. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. One of the lacinias of the corolla, showing the 2 nectariferous 
 pores, and its bearded base. 3. Stamen inserted in the base of the corolla, 
 showing its crescent shaped anther. 4. The same just as the flower opens, 
 when the anthers are straight. 5. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
.M' '■:> ' ( L L 
 
 /'fZl 
 
 
PHLOMIS pungens. 
 
 Pungent-br acted Phlomis. 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 PHLOMIS . Supra, fol. 24. 
 
 P. pungens , foliis petiolatis oblongo-lauceolatis apice serratis 
 superne scabris subtus tomentosis, calycinis dentibus subulatis 
 patentibus, bracteis calyce longitudine subulatis mucronatis. 
 Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 121. Pers. syn. 2. p. 127. 
 
 Perennial. Stem about 18 inches high, branching; 
 branches obtusely quadrangular, furrowed, thickly 
 clothed with long villous hairs, and short down 
 intermixed. Leaves opposite, oblong or lanceolate, 
 pointed, entire at the base, and serrated from about 
 the middle with blunt serratures; upper side rather 
 wrinkled, roughish, hairy ; under side tomentose, 
 many nerved, reticulately veined. Petioles short and 
 flat, widened at the base, villous. Flowers in whorls, 
 10 or 12 in each, of a dingy purple. Bractes nume- 
 rous, rigid, subulate, taper-pointed, fringed, about the 
 length of the calyx. Calyx tubular, narrowest at the 
 base, villous, 5-angled, each angle terminated with 
 a long subulate spreading segment, and between each 
 angle is another smaller one ; segments fringed. Co- 
 rolla tubular, 2-lipped, woolly; helmet keeled, sides 
 compressed, slightly bearded, emarginate ; lower lip 
 3-lobed ; terminal lobe broad, rounded, keeled under- 
 neath ; side lobes lanceolate, taper-pointed. Stamens 4, 
 2 rather longer than the others, inserted in the mouth 
 of the corolla ; filaments hairy ; anthers incumbent. 
 
Seeds 4, naked, smooth and shining. Style smooth, 
 about the length of the stamens. Stigma forked, the 
 upper fork scarcely discernible; lower one elongated, 
 taper-pointed. 
 
 For the opportunity of giving a figure of this rare and 
 handsome plant, we are indebted to Mr. W. Anderson, 
 Curator of the Apothecaries Company’s Garden, at 
 Chelsea, where our drawing was taken in August last ; 
 and we do not know that it is in any other collection. 
 It is a native of Armenia, Persia, and Siberia, and only 
 requires planting in the open border of the flower 
 garden, in a light rich soil; being quite hardy and of 
 easy culture, makes it a very valuable acquisition to 
 our gardens ; but it will be some time before it becomes 
 common, except it produces perfect seeds, which we 
 think it likely to do, especially if some pollen be 
 attached to the stigma when the flowers are in per- 
 fection. If seeds are procured, we would recommend 
 their being sown in pots as soon as ripe, and protected 
 in a frame during Winter ; as many seeds of hardy 
 perennial plants will grow well and come up soon, if 
 sown as soon as ripe ; which, if kept till Spring, will 
 either not grow at all, or be a long time in coming up. 
 
 1. Calyx, showing its 5 spreading subulate segments, with its pungent bractes 
 at the base. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the stamens with 
 their hairy filaments. 3. The 4 seeds. 4. Style terminated with an unequal 
 forked stigma. 
 
34 
 
34 
 
 GLOBULARIA cordifolia. 
 
 Wedge-leaved Globularia . 
 
 Natural Order . Globularina:. Link enum. 1. p. 123. 
 GLOBULARIA . Supra , fol. 20. 
 
 Q. cordifolia, caule subnudo, foliis cuneiformibus tridentatis: 
 
 dente intermedio minimo. Pers. syn. 1. p. 118. 
 
 Globularia cordifolia. Willden . sp.pl. J. p.6 41. Hort . .Kew. 
 gtf. 2. v. 1. p. 223. Rcem. et Schult. syst. 3. p. 40. Jacq. 
 aust . 3. p. 26. t. 245. Lam. ill. gen. t . 56./. 2. 
 
 perennial. Stems numerous, prostrate, much 
 branched, and extended to a considerable distance, 
 smooth and shining, of a dull purple colour. Leaves 
 numerous, crowded, smooth and shining, wedge- 
 shaped, attenuated down the petiole, 3-toothed at the 
 end, the middle tooth very small; margins unequal, 
 rough, but scarcely crenulate. Petioles channelled on 
 the upper side, and convex on the lower. Flower- 
 stalks naked, or with here and there a small leaf on 
 them, angular, deeply furrowed, with numerous un- 
 equal furrows; in our specimen, from 2 to 3 inches 
 long. Flowers pale blue, tinged with white. Involucre 
 or Common Calyx imbricate; leaflets rigid, spatulately- 
 lanceolate, obtuse. Receptacle paleaceous. Proper 
 Calyx tubular, very hairy below the segments, 5-cleft ; 
 2 lower segments broadest, lanceolate, taper-pointed ; 
 upper ones subulate. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped ; upper 
 lip 2-parted, segments very narrow, obtuse; lower lip 
 3- parted, segments larger, bluntish. Stamejis 4, in- 
 serted in the tube ; filaments long and slender ; anthers 
 
 k 2 
 
incumbent ; pollen whitish. Germen superior. Style 
 smooth, scarcely as long as the stamens. Stigma 1, 
 very small, capitate. Seed 1, enclosed in the persistent 
 calyx. 
 
 This pretty little Alpine plant is very proper for 
 ornamenting rock-work, or for planting on a naked 
 bank, where its prostrate branches will grow to some 
 distance, and by its numerous leaves and young 
 branches, will make a pretty green tuft, which, in 
 July and August, will be beautified by its elegant little 
 heads of handsome blue flowers. It may also be 
 grown with advantage in a small pot, where it will 
 bloom very well. It is a native of mountainous and 
 Alpine situations in various parts of Europe, and is 
 quite hardy, thriving best in a light sandy soil, and 
 rather a dry situation, being apt to rot and die at the 
 root, if the ground in which it is planted be too moist. 
 It may be increased by dividing at the root ; or cuttings 
 planted under hand-glasses in Spring, will strike root, 
 and make nice young plants by Autumn ; when rooted, 
 they should be hardened to the air by degrees ; at first, 
 taking off the glass at night and keeping it on by day ; 
 they may then be potted, and protected in a dry situa- 
 tion through the Winter. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant received from 
 the Nursery of Mr. Knight, of the King’s Road. 
 
 1. Involucre, showing its chaffy receptacle. 2. Scale of the chaff. 3. Calyx. 
 4. Corolla split open, showing the insertion of the 4 Stamens. 5. Germen, 
 Style, and Stigma, all slightly magnified. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
J M.» 4 
 
 / Jnuti M 
 
 >■■■'■ '■/ A . i i 
 
 
 
35 
 
 GLAUCIUM fulvum. 
 
 Orange-coloured Horned Poppy. 
 
 Natural Order. Pa paver ace^e. DC. Rea. veq. syst. 
 
 nat. 2. p. 67. 
 
 GLAUCIUM. Sepala 2. Petala 4. Stamina numerosa. 
 Capsula siliquaeformis, bivalvis, valvulis ab apice ad basin 
 dehiscentibus, bilocularis, placentis nempe dissepimento spon- 
 gioso cellulari conjunctis, stigmate bilamellato margine incras- 
 sato glanduloso demum quasi bilabiato coronata. Semina intra 
 dissepimenti foveolas subnidulantia, scrobiculata, crista glandu- 
 los& destituta, ovato-reniforraia. 
 
 Herbas biennes, semper virentes, glaucce, succo croceo acri 
 scatentes. Radices perpendicular es. Folia radicalia petiolata, 
 caulina sessilia imo amplexicaulia, pinnatim plus minusve incisa, 
 lobis latis obtusis apice inter dum mucronulatis. Pedunculi 
 axillares et terminates , solitarii, uniflori. Flores flavi aut sub - 
 phcenicei, major es quam in Chelidonio. DC. p. 94. 
 
 G. fulvum , caule glabro, foliis caulinis rotundato-sinuatis, sili- 
 quis scabris, floribus subsessilibus. DC. loc. cit. 
 
 Glaucium fulvum. Smith exot. bot. 1. p. 11. t. 7. in Rees cycl. 
 n. 2. Willd. enum. 562. Hort. Kevj. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 288. 
 Link enum. 2. p. 68. 
 
 Chelidonium glabrum. Mill. diet. n. 5. 
 
 Chelidonium fulvum. Poir. supl. 5. p. 606. 
 
 Biennial, or, perhaps, Perennial. Stems erect, 
 branching, smooth, or with here and there a hair scat- 
 tered on them, glaucous, from 18 inches to 2 feet in 
 height. Leaves glaucous, thickly clothed underneath 
 with long rigid white hairs, and densely above with 
 shorter ones ; lower ones petiolate, pinnatifid, segments 
 more or less lobed, lobes bluntly rounded ; upper 
 leaves clasping the stem, cordately auriculate at the 
 
base, broadly ovate, sinuate, sinuses broadly lobed 
 and bluntly toothed, less hairy underneath. Flowers 
 shortly peduncled, nearly sessile on the upper part of 
 the stem, of a reddish orange colour, yellow at the 
 base. Peduncle opposite to the leaf, short, cylindrical, 
 smooth and glaucous, sometimes terminating with a 
 few white hairs. Bud before expansion ovately oblong, 
 tapering to a point, thickly clothed with bristle like 
 hairs. Calyx of 2 sepals, which drop off as soon as 
 the flower expands. Petals 4, undulate, the 2 outer 
 ones much larger than the others ; outer ones orbicular; 
 inner ones obovate, with a yellow spot at the base, 
 and on the yellow spot is a brown mark. Stamens 
 above 100, the inner ones longest ; filaments smooth, 
 yellow, attached to the base of the anthers, which are 
 2-celled, and open longitudinally to discharge the 
 pollen; pollen bright yellow. Siliqua rough, occa- 
 sioned by the small tubercles with which it is covered. 
 Stigma sessile, bilaraellate, crested with a glandularly 
 thickened margin. 
 
 The present handsome plant, a native of the South of 
 Europe, is, by some, considered biennial, by others, 
 perennial ; we are inclined to believe it perennial, but 
 very liable to perish in Winter by too much moisture 
 at its roots ; this is not so much to be lamented, as it 
 produces plenty of perfect seeds, and the plants raised 
 from these will flower the same Summer ; and, if the 
 Autumn prove mild, will also ripen their seeds the 
 same year ; it is therefore sold as a hardy annual at 
 the Nurseries. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from a plant 
 about Id inches high, that flowered the first year from 
 seed. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Stamens, front view. 3. The same split open, to show the 
 longest Stamens in the middle. 4. One detached. 5. The bilamellate Stigma. 
 6. The rough tubercled siliquiform Capsule. 
 
36 
 
 MAZUS rugosus. 
 
 China Mazus. 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophxj larina;. Brown prodr. 438. 
 
 Sect. IT. Stamina 4 antherifera. 
 
 MAZUS. Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, aequalis. Corolla 
 ringens, labio superiore bilobo, lateribus reflexis ; inferiore tri- 
 fido, lobis integris, basi bigibbosa. Stamina didynama. Stigma 
 bilamellatum. Capsula inclusa, bilocularis, bivalvis; valvis 
 integris, medio septiferis. 
 
 Herbae humiles. Folia ad radicem conferta , caulina dum 
 idla opposita. Scapi racemoso-multiflori vel unijlori ; pedicellis 
 alternis, basi v. medio unibracteatis. Brown prodr. 439. 
 
 M. rugosus , racemo laxo caulem paucifolium superante, caly- 
 cibus pubescentibus ; fructiferis acutis. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 4. p. 53. 
 
 Mazus rugosus. Lour. cocJiinch. 385. Pers. syn. 2. p. 164. 
 Lindernia japonica. Willden. sp pi. 3. p. 326. Pers. syn. 2. 
 
 p. 166. 
 
 Hornemannia bicolor, foliis obovatis basi integerrimis, calycibus 
 patulis pedunculisque glabris. Willd. enum. 654. Link 
 enum. 2. p. 143. 
 
 Gratiola goodenifolia. Hornem. hafn. 19. 
 
 Annual. Stems short, tufted, decumbent, branching 
 in all directions, flexuose, slightly angular, and clothed 
 with short white hairs. Leaves opposite, obovate, or 
 sometimes oblong, attenuated to the base, deeply but 
 distantly toothed, rugose, minutely punctate, glossy; 
 nerves and margins slightly hairy. Racemes terminal, 
 elongated, many flowered. Flowers distant, spreading. 
 Bractes small, 1 on each pedicle, a little above the 
 base, lanceolate, taper-pointed, keeled. Pedicles flat- 
 tened, slightly pubescent, a little longer than the calyx. 
 
Calyx campanulate, 5-angular, 5-cleft; segments acute, 
 keeled, at first lanceolate, but continuing to grow till 
 they become oblong or ovate, pubescent, spreading. 
 Corolla ringent : upper lip small, ovate, 2-lobed, of a 
 bluish purple ; lower lip trifid, spreading, with 2 deep 
 channels underneath, and 2 gibbous ridges above, 
 white slightly tinged with blue, and on the ridges and 
 between them are numerous brownish yellow spots, 
 and clubbed hairs, or pedicled glands. Stamens 4, 
 2 longer than the others ; filaments smooth, attached 
 to the tube ; anthers twin, at first distinct, but when 
 burst, each pair are attached by the pollen. Germen 
 smooth, dotted. Style smooth, terminated by a bila- 
 mellated stigma. 
 
 The present little plant is a native of China ; the one 
 from which our drawing was taken, was raised this 
 Spring at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from seeds 
 received from the Botanic Garden at Berlin, under 
 the name of Hornemannia bicolor . It is a hardy 
 annual ; and the plants begin to flower when they are 
 scarcely 2 inches high, and continue to bloom all the 
 Summer, and ripen plenty of seeds, growing in pretty 
 round tufts, the branches spreading prostrate on the 
 ground in different directions. Being of small growth, 
 and spreading flat on the ground, it should be sown at 
 the front of the flower-borders; the proper time for 
 sowing them, is about the middle of April ; if sown 
 earlier, they will be liable to be injured by the Spring 
 frost. Though not so showy as some other annuals, 
 it is still very pretty and curious, and causes a variety, 
 which is always interesting. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla split open, to show the insertion of the stamens. 3. The 
 same, with its point bent back to show the pedicled glands. 4. Shows the 
 2 ridges in the month. 5. Stamen. G. Germen, Style, and bilamellated Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
37 
 
 TAXANTHEMA tatarica. 
 
 Tartarian Sea Lavender . 
 
 Natural Order. Plumbaginea:. Brown prodr. 425. 
 
 TAXANTHEMA. Calyx infundibuliformis, limbo scarioso, 
 5-plicato, 5-dentato. Corolla 5-petala, v. 5-partita. Stamina 5, 
 unguibus petalorum inserta. Stylib, raro 3, distincti. Capsula 
 evalvis, membranacea. Semen albuminosum. Spicce secundae, 
 floribus 2-3-bracteatis. Herbae v. Suffrutices. Caule scapove 
 diviso . Brown prodr. 420. 
 
 T. tatarica , scapo ramoso divaricato ; ramis triquetris, floribus 
 distantibus, foliis lanceolato-obovato mucronatis. 
 
 Statice tatarica. Willden . sp . pi. 1. p. 1527. Pers. syn. 1. 
 p. 333. Hort. Kew . ed. 2. v. 2. p. 182. 
 
 Statice foliis lanceolatis mucronatis radicalibus, caule ancipiti 
 dichotomo, floribus alternis distantibus. Gmel. sibir . 2. 
 p . 223. t. 92. 
 
 Perennial. Root large, fusiform, branching. Leaves 
 lanceolate, or lanceolately obovate, slightly undulate, 
 mucronate, attenuated to the base, into a kind of 
 footstalk ; much veined, of a hoary white colour, the 
 base tinged with red, as are the young leaves ; margins 
 cartilaginous, roughish. Flower-stems several, from a 
 foot to 18 inches in height, 3-sided, very much 
 branched; branches 3-sided, flexuose, all leaning one 
 way, paniculately branching, and spreading in all 
 directions, each enclosed at the base by a lanceolate, 
 taper-pointed, keeled bracte. Spikes secund, the 
 flowers all leaning to one side, rather distant, alternate, 
 solitary, or in pairs, surrounded by 2 or 3 bractes, one 
 of which is simple, lanceolate, taper-pointed, and 
 keeled; the others 3-forked, and acute, membranaceous 
 at the base. Calyx funnel-form, with a scariose, 
 5-plaited, 5-toothed limb, of a white colour, with 
 
 L 
 
6 green or brown stripes down the tube. Corolla of 5 
 petals, of a lively red ; unguis about even with the calyx, 
 limb spreading. Stamens 5, inserted in the unguis ; 
 filaments smooth, attached to the anthers by the back ; 
 anthers exserted above the mouth. Styles 5, thickly 
 clothed with short gland-like hairs. Stigmas 5, green, 
 capitate. 
 
 Our drawing of this rare and beautiful species was 
 taken from a fine plant, at the Garden of the Apothe- 
 caries’ Company, at Chelsea; where it thrives well in 
 the open border, and flowers from July to October, 
 some of the flowering branches attaining to the height 
 of 18 inches; it thrives best in a light sandy soil, but 
 is slow of increase, except by seeds, which sometimes 
 ripen. The plants, when grown strong, will sometimes 
 bear dividing, by being carefully cut through the mid- 
 dle, leaving a part of the root to each piece ; the best 
 time for doing this is in October, as the plants then 
 make ycung roots by Spring ; if they are divided in 
 Spring, they are very apt to die oflf, particularly if the 
 weather sets in dry and warm. The seeds should be 
 sown as early as possible, the latter end of February, 
 or beginning of March, if the weather prove mild ; if 
 they are sown in pots, and kept in a frame, or the 
 greenhouse, till they come up, they will succeed best ; 
 planting them off in other pots, or in a bed of nice 
 light soil as soon as possible, as they are very liable to 
 die off if left too long in the seed-pots. 
 
 We have adopted the genus Taxanthema , of 
 Necker, from Mr. Brown’s Prodromus ; the original 
 genus Static e of Tournefort, which we adopt, is 
 composed of the section Armeria ; the division is also 
 adopted by the German Botanists, but they have 
 used Armeria for a generic name, and continued 
 Static e to the spiked species. 
 
 1. The 3-forked Bracte. 2. Calyx. 3. Corolla spread open, showing the 
 insertion of the Stamens at the base of the petals. 4. Petal separate, with the 
 Stamen inserted in its base. 5. Germen terminated by the 5 Styles and capi- 
 tate Stigmas. 
 
? 
 
 
6 _0.c7 "mUA.. cid. 
 
 ^ /y ..At. dtp erA . CAdie-a, j3ac v. >»S3 
 
38 
 
 DRACOCEPHALUM canescens. 
 
 Hoary-leaved Dragon s-head. 
 
 Natural Order . Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. IV. Stamina 4-fertilia. Corolla bilabiata. Calyx 
 bilabiatus. Juss. gen. 115. 
 
 DRACOCEPHALUM. Calyx 5-fidus, 2-labiatus in Mol- 
 davia T. subaequalis in caeteris. Corolla fauce inflata, labiata, 
 superius fornicata, integra in Dracocephalo T. emarginata in 
 aliis, inferius 3-loba, laciniis lateralibus brevibus erectis, media 
 majore et productiore, integra aut 2-lob£t. Herbce aut rard 
 suffrutices ; Jlores veriicillato-spicati terminates, aut pedunculi 
 axillares uni vel multijlori, bracteati bracteis latis interdilm 
 ciliatis, in D. Virginiano angustis minimis. Juss. gen. 116. 
 
 D. canescens, floribus verticillatis, bracteis oblongis ciliatis, 
 foliis oblongis canescentibus : inferioribus serratis ; superio- 
 ribus integerrimis, calycibus striatis pubescentibus, tubo 
 corollae calyce longiore. 
 
 Dracocephalum canescens. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 156. Pers. 
 syn. 2. p. 133. Hort. Kew . ed. 2. v . 3. p. 420. 
 
 Annual. Stem nearly erect, or ascending, bluntly 
 4-sided, much branched ; branches opposite, crossing 
 each other, clothed with a short white pubescence. 
 Leaves opposite, petiolate, oblong, blunt, strongly and 
 numerously nerved underneath, covered on both sides 
 with a short close canescent pubescence ; lower ones 
 broadest, and serrated ; upper ones narrower, and 
 entire, becoming nearly linear on the upper part of the 
 stem. Flowers in whorls round the stem, of a bright 
 violet blue, Bractes 4, at the base of each whorl, 
 petiolate, oblong, or ovate, concave, and fringed 
 with spine like bristles. Pedicles short, compressed, 
 
 L 2 
 
pubescent. Calyx 5-cleft, striated, pubescent, upper 
 segment double the width of the others, bluntish; 
 lower ones taper-pointed, mucronate. Corolla tubular, 
 inflated at the mouth, 2-lipped ; upper lip emarginate, 
 concave, doubling in so as to enclose the stamens; 
 lower lip 3-lobed, end lobe very broad, emarginate, 
 recurved, side ones short and blunt, rounded. Sta- 
 mens 4, inserted in the mouth, 2 a little longer than 
 the others, declining : filaments bearded at the base, 
 and smooth from about the middle ; anthers incumbent. 
 Style smooth and glossy. Stigma 2-cleft, with acute 
 points. 
 
 A beautiful hardy annual, native of the Levant, and 
 seldom now to be met with in any collection, which 
 is rather surprising, as it is much more showy than 
 many others that are now generally cultivated ; it only 
 requires to be sown in the open borders in the common 
 garden soil, and to be kept clear of weeds ; the best 
 time for sowing the seeds is the beginning of March, 
 if the weather proves favourable ; the plants will then 
 get strong, and flower abundantly all the latter part of 
 Summer. 
 
 A patch of these plants were grown this last Sum- 
 mer at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from whence our 
 drawing was made. They grew to the height of from 
 18 inches to 2 feet, branching on every side, and were 
 covered with flowers nearly the whole of their length 
 at the same time, which made an elegant appearance. 
 Our Figure cannot do justice to the original for want 
 of room ; but from it may be inferred what the plants 
 really were. 
 
 1. The fringed Bracte. 2. Calyx. 3. Corolla spread open, to show the 
 insertion of the Stamens. 4. Stamen detached. 5. Style, and cleft Stigma. 
 6. The 4 naked Seeds. 
 

 
 
 
3 J> 
 
39 
 
 CALENDULA hybrida. 
 
 Great Cape Marygold . 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 CALENDULA. Flores radiati; flosculi centrales masculi, 
 ambientes hermaphroditi ; ligulae foemineae. Involucrum sim- 
 plex potyphyllum sequale. Receptaculum nudum. Pappus 
 nullus. Semina saepe membranacea; marginalia diversa ab 
 interioribus, incurva sub ligulis luteis in C . Europeis, aut in 
 C. Africanis cordato-plana sub ligulis albo-violaceis. Flores 
 scepc solitarii terminales. Species plurima fruticulosa. 
 
 C. hybrida , foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis dentatis, caule 
 folioso, pedunculis superne incrassatis. Willden. sp. pi. 3. 
 p. 2342. 
 
 Calendula hybrida. Pers. syn. 2. p. 492. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 5. p. 167. Schkuhr handb. 3. p. 173. t. 264. 
 
 Root annual. Stem about a foot high, much 
 branched ; branches spreading in all directions, of a 
 purplish colour, thickly clothed with short white 
 spreading unequal hairs, as are the leaves, peduncles, 
 and calyx. Leaves sessile; lower ones spatulately 
 oblong, obtuse, rather carnose, and toothed here and 
 there with large blunt teeth ; upper ones alternate, 
 narrower, and more acute, oblong, or lanceolate, and 
 toothed on each side with 1 or 2 smaller pointed teeth. 
 Peduncles terminal, gradually increasing in size up- 
 wards, much thickened just below the flower, and 
 particularly when in fruit ; 1-flowered. Involucre sim- 
 ple, many-leaved ; scales nearly equal, linearly-lanceo- 
 late, taper-pointed, with fringed membranaceous 
 margins. Receptacle slightly convex, naked, dotted. 
 Ligulce , or Rays , fertile, densely fringed at the base 
 
with long white hairs, and terminated at the point with 
 3 short teeth; upper side pure white ; the under side 
 of a bright purple, or violet, bearing no stamens, but a 
 filiform style, and purple bifid stigma ; florets in the 
 centre tubular, 5-cleft, hairy at the base, barren, only 
 producing stamens; outer ones fertile, also 5-cleft, 
 bearing both stamens and pistils. Stamens 5 ; filaments 
 distinct; anthers connected into a tube. Style ex- 
 tending just above the stamens. Stigmas 2, blunt, 
 fringed. Seeds from the ray spatulate, rugose ; those 
 from the disk obcordate, with a thin membranaceous 
 margin. 
 
 A very handsome hardy annual, only requiring to be 
 sown in the open borders, and to be kept clear of 
 weeds. It must not be sown too early in the Spring, 
 being a native of the Cape, as the Spring frosts would 
 be liable to injure it ; the latter end of April, or 
 beginning of May, according as the weather suits, is 
 the best time for sowing the seeds ; they will then 
 flower from July to October, if the season continue 
 mild, and will ripen plenty of seeds. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 where the plants were about 15 inches in height, and 
 very bushy ; and they continued in flower this year till 
 the end of October. 
 
 1. Involucre cut through the middle, to show the dotted receptacle. 2. Floret 
 of the ray, showing its 2 stigmas. 3. Fertile floret of the disk. 4. The same 
 laid open, showing its nerves alternating with the teeth. 5. The 5 Stamens 
 spread open, to show the united anthers, and distinct filaments. 6. Style of 
 the floret of the disk, crowned with its fringed stigmas. 7. Seed from the ray. 
 8. Seed from the disk. 
 

 
 . 
 
 . 
 
4 0 
 
 
 
 
 ( tU 
 
 ■ / m.\ 
 
 
40 
 
 MALCOMIA Chia. 
 
 Dwarf branching Malcomia . 
 
 Natural Order . Crucifer^e. DC . Reg. veg. syst . 
 v. 2. p. 139. 
 
 Subordo II. Notorhizeje. DC. p. 150. 
 
 Cotyledones planae, incumbentes. Radicula dorsalis. Semina 
 ovata, immarginata. 
 
 Tribus VII. SlSYMBREJE seu NOTORHIZEJE SlLIQUOSJE. 
 Siliqua bilocularis longitudinaliter dehiscens, valvis concavis 
 carinatisve. Semina ovata aut oblonga, immarginata. Cotyle- 
 dones planae, incumbentes, septo contrariae. 
 
 MALCOMIA. Calyx clausus, nunc basi bigibbus, nunc 
 subaequalis. Petala limbo obovata aut obtusissime emarginato. 
 Stamina tetradynama, libera, edentula. Siliqua teres, 2-locula- 
 ris, 2-valvis, stigmate acutissimo simplici terminata. Semina 
 ovata, 1-serialia, immarginata. Cotyledones planae, incumbentes. 
 Herbae annua aut perennes , pilis stellatis scepius scabrce aut 
 velutince. Folia oblonga aut ovalia , Integra dentata aut sinuato - 
 pinnatifida. Pedicelli in racemum digesti , ebracteati. Flores 
 purpur ascent es aut albi } inter dum minimi , in hortis non duplices 
 evadunt. DC. p. 438. 
 
 M. Chia , caule erecto ramoso, foliis obovatis integris pube bi- 
 partita adpressa, pedicellis calycis longitudine, siliquis tere- 
 tiusculis pubescentibus, stylo brevissimo. DC. p. 440. 
 
 Malcolmia Chia. Link enum. p. 167. 
 
 Cheiranthus Chius. Lin. sp. 924. Mill. diet. n. 13. Willd. 
 sp. pi. 3. p. 518. 
 
 Hesperis Chia. Lam. diet. 3. p. 324. Pers. syn. 2. p. 203. 
 
 Hesperis siliquis hirsutis flore parvo rubello. Dill. elt. 180. 
 t. 147. /. 178. 
 
 Annual. Root slender, small, fibrous. Stems much 
 branched, from 6 to 12 inches high, cylindrical, pu- 
 bescent, the hairs close-pressed, and affixed by their 
 middle. Leaves pubescent underneath, the hairs 
 2-parted, entire, or rarely toothed \ lower ones obovate, 
 
or spathulate, attenuated down the petiole, blunt, or 
 emarginate at the point; stem ones narrower and 
 more acute, tapering to the base. Racemes 3 to 
 9-flowered, lengthening after flowering. Pedicles 
 cylindrical, about 3 lines long. Calyx of 4 sepals, 
 gibbous on each side at the base, about the length or 
 a little longer than the pedicles ; sepals linear, acute. 
 Flowers of a purplish lilac, about half the size of 
 M. maritima; petals obovate, emarginate, their ungues 
 about the length of the calyx. Stamens , 4 long, and 
 2 short. Pod straight, nearly cylindrical, pubescent 
 when young. Style very short and acute. 
 
 Malcomia was first established as a distinct genus 
 by Mr. Brown, in the second edition of the Hortus 
 Kewensis, and contains a natural and distinct group of 
 plants that had been hitherto referred to Cheiranthus 
 and Hesperis ; and M. Decandolle has described 
 15 species, 12 of them annual, 1 biennial, and 2 peren- 
 nial. The present species is annual, and very proper 
 for the edging of borders, or to be sown in clumps near 
 the edges of flower borders, in the same manner as the 
 more common M. maritima , (generally known by the 
 name of Virginian Stock ;) the seeds may be sown any 
 time between February and June ; and by sowing them 
 at various seasons, a succession of flowers may be kept 
 up all the Summer ; those sown the early part of the 
 season, will produce plenty of seeds ; whereas them 
 that are sown later, will be more doubtful, and their 
 seeding will depend on the mildness of the season. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 in June last. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal. 3. The 6 Stamens with the young Siliqua in the midst 
 of them. 4. Stamen detached. 5. The young Siliqua terminated with a short 
 acute Style, all slightly magnified. 
 
M ty Jl pj I ML. 
 
 J M.Jy 
 
 '/ 1) JmA U 
 
41 
 
 RHEXIA mariana. P- rubella. 
 
 Maryland Rhexia, stained variety . 
 
 Natural Order. Melastomacea:. Juss. gen. 328. 
 RHEXIA. Calyx urceolatus, quadrifidus. Corolla 4- petal a, 
 calyci inserta. Stamina 8, antheris declinatis. Capsula setosa, 
 4-locuIaris, intra ventrem calycis. 
 
 It. mariana, caule rufescente hirsutissimo, foliis hirsutis sub- 
 petiolatis ovali-lanceolatis lanceolatis linearibusve, calyce 
 longo tubuloso glabriusculo. Pursh.fior. amer. sept. 1 . p. 2 57. 
 
 Rhexia mariana. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 221. Willden. sp. pi. 2. 
 p. 301. Pers . syn . 1. p. 406. Hort.Kew . ed. 2. v . 2. p. 340. 
 Lamarck ill. 283. f. 1. 
 
 a. purpurea, foliis angusto-lanceolatis vel oblongis, floribus 
 saturate purpureis. Mich. 1. c. 
 
 /3. rubella , foliis ovali-lanceolatis vel oblongis, floribus dilute 
 rubellis. Mich. 1. c. 
 
 y. exalbida , foliis linearibus, caule birsutiore, floribus pallidis. 
 Mich. 1. c. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems numerous, about a foot 
 high, much branched; branches spreading in all 
 directions, bluntly quadrangular, furrowed, thickly 
 clothed with brown spreading rigid hairs, tipped with 
 a red gland. Leaves opposite, 3-nerved, finely but 
 sharply serrate, hairy on both sides, bluntish ; lower 
 ones oval, or oblong, gradually narrowing upwards ; 
 upper ones lanceolate, or linear. Petioles very short. 
 Flowers terminating the branches in a kind of panicle, 
 more or less tinged with red. Peduncles short and 
 stiff, smooth. Calyx urceolately tubular, 4-cleft, an- 
 gular, smoothish, with a few rigid hairs scattered on it 
 here and there; segments ovate, acute, spreading. 
 
 M 
 
Petals 4, inserted in the calyx, spreading. Stamens 8, 
 inserted in the calyx ; filaments flat, smooth ; attached 
 to the anthers a little above their base ; anthers linear, 
 declining, with a sharp subulate spur at the back, just 
 above the filament. Style smooth, green, terminated 
 by a papillose capitate stigma. 
 
 This rare and handsome species is a native of North 
 America, growing, according to Pursh, in bogs, and 
 sandy woods, near waters, from New Jersey to 
 Carolina, and flowering in July and August; with us 
 it requires as warm a border as possible, and to be 
 planted in a bed of peat earth ; it will then thrive well, 
 and flower late in Autumn ; if it is not planted in a 
 warm situation, it is a great chance if it flower at all ; 
 and, certainly not, except it be a very warm season, 
 though the plant itself is quite hardy, enduring our 
 most severe Winters without any protection, and 
 attaining about a foot in height. Its time of flowering 
 with us, if in a favourable situation, is from the latter 
 end of August, till November, if the weather prove 
 mild. Our drawing of the present specimen, was 
 taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in October last. 
 
 We are inclined to think that more than one species 
 is, at present, confused under R. mariana, from the 
 disagreement of the descriptions of different Authors, 
 and the varieties that are enumerated ; we have never 
 seen the least variation in our cultivated plants. The 
 best method of propagating it is by dividing it at the 
 root ; or young cuttings planted under a hand-glass in 
 peat soil, will strike root freely. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal. 3. Calyx spread open, showing the insertion of the 
 Stamens. 4. Stamen detached. 5. Anther detached from the filament, show- 
 ing the spur at the base. 6. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
£2) <U 
 
 J ul> Ify JL f '/ In 41 ,y rrt ' / h L ‘2/-, 
 
 j) -fi tilt 1/ 
 
42 
 
 NEOTTIA cernua. 
 
 Nodding -flowered Neottia. 
 
 Natural Order . Orchidea:. Brown prodr. 309. 
 
 Sect. II. MoNANDRiE. Antliera stigmati parallela, per- 
 sisted, loculis approximatis. Pollinis masses pulverese, in 
 granula (simplicia) facile solvendae, apice affixse filo a stigmatis 
 glandula ortum ducenti. Herbce Terrestres. Brown, prodr. 314. 
 
 NEOTTIA. Perianthium ringens ; foliolis exterioribus 
 anticis labello imberbi suppositis ; interioribus conniventibus. 
 Columna aptera. Pollen farinaceum. Brown. 
 
 N. cernua , bulbis fasciculatis, foliis lanceolatis trinerviis, caule 
 vaginato, spica spiraliter subimbricata pubescente, floribus 
 recurvato-cernuis, labello oblongo integro crenulato. 
 
 Neottia cernua. Willden. sp. pi. 4. p. 75. Pers. syn. 2, 
 p. 511. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. vol. 5. p. 199. Pursh. Jl. amer. 
 sept. 2. p. 589. Botan. magaz . 1568. 
 
 Oplirys cernua. Linn . sp. pi. 1340. Mich. jl. bor. amer. 2. 
 p. 158. 
 
 Limodorum autumnale. Waller jl. car. p. 221. 
 
 Perennial. Roots composed of a fascicle of oblong 
 bulbs, or tubers. Stems several, from a strong plant. 
 Leaves lanceolate, acute, 3-nerved, attenuated at the 
 base, sheathing the stem, smooth and glossy. Scapes 
 in our specimen about 18 inches in height, leafy, 
 smooth on the lower part, and densely pubescent on 
 the upper. Spikes oblong, from 4 to 6 inches in length, 
 densely pubescent between the flowers. Flowers 
 white, fragrant, spirally arranged, nodding ; the upper 
 ones scarcely half the size of the lower ones. Bractes 
 lanceolate, taper-pointed, concave, ciliated with glan- 
 dular hairs, double the length of the germen, points 
 
 m 2 
 
carved inwards. Germen bvate, narrowed at the 
 base, hairy, the hairs tipped with small glands. 
 Perianthium ringent, thickly clothed on the outside 
 with pellucid glandular hairs ; three outer leaflets lan- 
 ceolate, taper-pointed; the upper one stuck to the 
 2 inner ones for more than half their length, points of 
 the lateral ones bent inwards ; two inner ones concave, 
 connivent, and blunter. Labellum oblong, not divided 
 into lobes, more or less acute, margins undulate, 
 crenulate. Column green, not winged. Anther 1, 
 attached to the point of the stigma, and covered with 
 a brown taper-pointed hood. 
 
 A very rare and interesting plant, native of North 
 America; its flowers are delightfully fragrant, and 
 they last a long time in beauty ; the present specimen 
 having been in bloom from the beginning of August, 
 to the middle of November. It appears to be more 
 free of growth than the plants belonging to this family 
 generally are, as it thrives well in a border of very 
 sandy loam, and appears to be making offsets freely ; 
 but we expect it will yet be some time before 
 it becomes common, except others are imported 
 from America. We expect many more species of 
 this interesting family from that country shortly, as 
 Mr. Colvill has applied to a Correspondent there, to 
 send all the species that can be collected ; and he has 
 received notice that he may soon expect them, with 
 many other curious plants. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in September 
 last. 
 
 1. Bracte. 2. The 3 outer leaflets of the Perianthium. 3. The 2 inner ones. 
 4. The Labellum, showing its crenated margin. 5. The Germen divested of the 
 Perianthium, showing the column, with the Anther in front, covered with its 
 brown hood. 6. The same divested of the hood, the Anther exposed to view. 
 7. The same divested of the Anther. 8. Inner view of the Anther. 9. The 
 Hood with which the Anther was covered, all highly magnified. 
 

SDJnJL M 
 
 fa Uj Jt fhJUa. fm*’ U&2L 
 
 J\ JjCLI- iy fit-nip 
 
43 
 
 IMPATIENS biflora. 
 
 Two-jlowered Touch me not. 
 
 Natural Order. Bals amines. 
 
 IMPATIENS. Calyx 2-sepalus. Corolla 5-petala, hy- 
 pogyna, irregularia et insequalia; superius latius fornicatum; 
 inferius breve basi calcaratum ; lateralia seu interiora 2 basi 
 appendiculata aut interdum bipartita. Stamina 5 hypogyna, 
 filamentis brevibus primo monadelphis, dein maturatione dis- 
 tinctis, antherarum persistente superna coalitione. Germen 1 ; 
 stylus 0; stigma acutum. Capsula oblonga 5-locularis poly- 
 sperma 5-valvis, elastice dissiliens valvis in spiram intortis, 
 dissepimentis membranaceis ex receptaculo columnari centrali 
 seminifero enatis et valvularum margini appositis; corculum 
 seminis rectum absque perispermo. 
 
 Herbae ; folia alterna aut rarius opposita, non stipulacea ; 
 pedunculi axillares uni aut mulliflori. Genus , anted Papavera- 
 ceis adjectum , simile calyce 2-phyllo et corolla \-petald et stylo 
 nullo , sed discrepans antheris definitis et connatis , fructu mul - 
 tiloculari et multivalvi, receptaculo centrali et foliis interdum 
 oppositis. Exids convenit Geraniis Africanis similiter calca - 
 ratis , sed huic ut et Tropceolo calcar liberum f non pedicello 
 inhcerens ut in Geraniis ; diver sa insuper staminum et fructus 
 et seminis structura. Genus ergd sui ordinis nunc verl unicum . 
 An pro calyce habenda petala 2 exteriora , calycis munus jam 
 obeuntia in flore nondum explicate ? Juss. gen. 270. 
 
 I. biflora t pedunculis plerumque bifloris solitariis, foliis ovatis 
 argute dentatis. Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 171. 
 
 Impatiens biflora. Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 1175. Walt . flor. 
 
 car. 219. Pers. syn. 1. p. 257. Hort. sub. lond. 47. 
 
 Annual. Stem upright, 2 to 3 feet high, rather 
 flexuose, tumid at the joints, much branched, smooth 
 and glossy; branches spreading in all directions, 
 flexuose, of a glossy purple, angular. Leaves ovate, 
 acute, sharply toothed with short teeth, longer, and 
 sharper at the base, reticulately veined underneath, 
 and furrowed on the upper side, soft and tender, soon 
 
 r 
 
withering after being gathered. Petioles smooth, 
 flattened and furrowed on the upper side, and convex 
 on the lower. Peduncles axillary, very slender, gene- 
 rally 2-flowered, continuing to grow till the seeds ripen. 
 Pedicles filiform, with a small subulate bracte about 
 the middle of each. Calyx of 2 sepals, which are 
 roundly ovate, acute, concave, of a membranaceous 
 texture, with a strong green midrib. Flowers pendu- 
 lous, of a dark yellow, spotted with red on the inside. 
 Petals unequal, irregular. Nectary cowl-shaped, 
 terminated in a blunt spur. Stamens 5 ; filaments short 
 and stout, at first connected, but after the flower v is ex- 
 panded, distinct; anthers 5, connected; pollen cream- 
 coloured. Germen smooth and glossy, crowned with 
 an acute stigma . Capsule 5-valved, when ripe opening 
 with an elastic spring as soon as touched, the seeds 
 springing out, and the valves of the capsule rolling up. 
 
 This very curious annual plant is a native of North 
 America, and is mentioned by Mr. Pursh as growing 
 in wet shady places, from Canada to Carolina. It is 
 quite hardy, and only requires to be sown in the open 
 ground, about the latter end of March, or beginning of 
 April, if the weather is mild, requiring a dampish 
 shady situation, where it will grow to the height of 
 3 feet, or upwards, and will continue to flower till 
 destroyed by the frost in Autumn ; if in a dry exposed 
 situation, it will not grow near so strong, nor last so 
 long in flower. A peculiar property belongs to this 
 plant, and the others belonging to this genus, in the 
 elasticity of their capsules ; when the seeds are nearly 
 ripe, if the capsules are ever so lightly pressed, they 
 immediately burst, the valves rolling up, and the seeds 
 springing to a distance, so that it requires much care 
 to procure them. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Apothecaries’ Com- 
 pany’s Garden, at Chelsea, in September last. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, showing the insertion of the petals. 
 3. Stamens, spread open to show the connected anthers, and the insertion of 
 the filaments. 4. Germen terminated with an acute Stigma. 5. Capsule burst 
 open, all magnified except the last. 
 
Aj I? X >W fkJLa / mu 
 
 fDaikn, JUL -U 
 
44 
 
 LIATRIS squarrosa. 
 
 Squarrose-cupped Liatris, Rattlesnake' s Master . 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 LTATRIS. Receptaculum nudum. Pappus plumosus, 
 coloratus. Involucrum oblongum, imbricatum. 
 
 L. squarrosa , caule simplici pubescente, foliis linearibus ner- 
 vosis scabris, racemis paucifloris foliosis, involucris turbina- 
 tis ; squamis lanceolatis obtusis rigidis patentibus. 
 
 Liatris squarrosa. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 1634. Pers. syn. 2. 
 p. 403. Hort. Keiv. ed. 2. v. 4. p. 503. Pursh.flor . amer. 
 sept. 2. p. 509. 
 
 Serratula squarrosa. Hort. cliff. 392. 
 
 Cirsium tuberosum, capitulis squarrosis. Dill. elth. 83. t. 71. 
 
 /. 82 . 
 
 Root perennial, tuberous. Stem simple, from 
 18 inches to 2 feet high, pubescent. Leaves long, 
 linear, rough, particularly at the edges, slightly pube- 
 scent, nerved underneath ; stem-leaves narrower, those 
 near the flowers shorter, broader at the base, and 
 tapering to the point. Racemes leafy ; floivers distant 
 from each other, the lower ones on long peduncles, 
 upper ones shorter; terminal flower expanding first, 
 the others gradually opening downwards, of a bright 
 purple colour. Peduncles purplish, rough, pubescent, 
 gradually thickening upwards, and tapering to the 
 base, leafy. Involucre turbinate, many-leaved, imbri- 
 cate ; scales lanceolate, obtuse, roughish, finely ciliate, 
 spreading; upper ones coloured at the points. Re- 
 ceptacle naked, convex, punctate. Florets numerous, 
 tubular, 5-cleft ; tube about the length of the pappus ; 
 laciniae lanceolate, acute, about half as long as the 
 tube. Stamens 5, inserted in the middle of the tube; 
 filaments slender, distinct, smooth ; anthers connected 
 
by a thin membrane at the base, but distinct at the 
 points. Style smooth, longer than the tube of the floret, 
 terminating in two long purple ligulate stigmas, about 
 the length of the style. Seeds furrowed, very hairy, 
 crowned with a pencil-like pappus of purple feathered 
 hairs. 
 
 Our drawing of this rare and beautiful plant was 
 taken in October last, at the Nursery of Mr. Knight, 
 in the King’s Road. It is a native of North America ; 
 Pursh mentions it as growing in sandy woods and 
 fields, in Virginia, Kentucky, and Carolina, “ where 
 it, and L. scariosa are known among the inhabitants 
 of those countries by the name of Rattlesnake's Master . 
 In case of being bit by this horrible animal, they bruise 
 the bulbs of this plant, and apply it to the wound ; 
 while, at the same time, they make a decoction of it 
 in milk, which is taken inwardly.” 
 
 When grown in a rich light soil, this species will 
 attain the height of 2 feet, or upwards ; but it is very 
 liable to perish in Winter, from its roots receiving too 
 much moisture, the only reason we can account for 
 its present scarcity, having been known in our gardens 
 as far back as the year 1732. Its flowering so late in 
 the season, is also much against its increase, as it 
 seldom perfects its seed in this country ; but this might 
 be easily remedied, if a plant be grown in a pot, and 
 placed in a greenhouse just as its flowers are opening, 
 and, as they expand, to attach some pollen to the 
 stigmas, there can be no doubt but they will seed 
 freely ; as we have found it to succeed well with 
 L. scariosa , and L. pilosa. As soon as ripe, the seeds 
 should be sown in pots of light sandy soil ; they will 
 then come up strong in Spring, and some of them will 
 flower the following Autumn. 
 
 1. Involucre with its front scales taken off, to show the naked dotted recep- 
 tacle. 2. Floret enclosed by the pappus of the seed. 3. The same split open, 
 to show the nerves. 4. Stamens spread open, showing the distinct filaments, 
 and united anthers. 5. Style and Stigmas. 6. Seed terminated by its pencil- 
 like pappus. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
45 
 
 SCUTELLARIA orientals. 
 
 Yelloiv-flowered Skull-cap . 
 
 Natural Order. Labiata:. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. II. B. Calyx bilabiatus. 
 
 SCUTELLARIA. Calyx bilabiatus, ebracteatus, labiis 
 integris, superiore intus fornicato, extus apice gibbo ; fructus 
 clausus. Corolla ringens, galea subtridentata, labii inferioris 
 lacinia media emarginata. 
 
 Herbae v. SufFrutices. Flores axillares, solitarii v. ter- 
 minates, spicati. Brown prodr. 507. 
 
 S. orientalis, foliis incisis subtus tomentosis, spicis rotundato- 
 tetragonis. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 171. Enum. supp. 42. 
 Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 426. Link enum . 2. p. 120. 
 Botan. magaz. 2120. 
 
 Perennial . Stems of a woody texture at the base, 
 spreading, ascendent, much branched ; branches 
 spreading, of a purple colour, pubescent. Leaves 
 opposite, ovate or oblong, obtuse, incised or deeply 
 toothed, with blunt rounded teeth, underneath clothed 
 with a dense white tomentum. Petioles shorter than 
 the leaves, pubescent. Spikes roundly 4-sided, from 
 2 to 4 inches in length. Bractes sessile, ovate, con- 
 cave, pointed, much veined, villous. Pedicles short, 
 villous, close-pressed to the stem. Calyx very small, 
 2-lipped, very hairy ; lips entire, the upper one forming 
 a kind of cap, and enclosing the seeds. Corolla tubu- 
 lar, ringent, villous, of a yellow colour, the helmet 
 tinged with red, lower lip reflexed on each side. 
 Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, 2 rather longer than 
 the others ; filaments declining, slightly hairy at the 
 
 N 
 
base, and smooth at the points ; anthers hairy. Style 
 smooth, about the length of the stamens. Stigma a 
 small simple point. 
 
 A pretty herbaceous perennial, which produces an 
 abundance of flowers, continuing to bloom from July 
 to October ; and only requires to be planted in the 
 open ground, in a rich light soil; but we believe it not 
 to be a long lived plant, and must, consequently, be 
 frequently renewed either by seeds or cuttings ; if by 
 the latter, they will strike root readily, taking off the 
 young shoots and planting them under a common 
 hand-glass in the open ground ; but care must be 
 taken not to let the glass remain on them too long, 
 or they will be apt to damp ; as soon as they begin 
 to root, a little air must be given them, encreasing it 
 by degrees, till the plants are well rooted ; they may 
 then be planted where they are to remain. If raised 
 from seeds, they may either be sown in pots, or in the 
 open ground ; and the sooner they are transplanted 
 where they are to remain the better, as they do not 
 miss their removal when young, but when grown 
 larger, they are likely to wither and not do so well ; 
 the same observation is suitable to most herbaceous 
 plants. 
 
 A native of the Levant; of low stature, seldom 
 attaining a foot in height, and, therefore, proper for 
 the front of flower borders. Our drawing was taken 
 at the Apothecaries’ Company’s Garden, at Chelsea, 
 in August last. 
 
 1. Calyx, highly magnified, the upper part turned back, to show the 4 naked 
 seeds. 2. Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of the filaments. 3. Sta- 
 men detached. 4. Style, and simple Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 l 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
-JGMu 
 
 
46 
 
 MATHIOLA tricuspidata. 
 
 Three-forked Stock . 
 
 Natural Order . Crucifera;. DC. Reg. veg. sysl. nat. 
 v. 2. p. 139. 
 
 Subordo. I. Pleurorhizeje. DC. p. 146. 
 
 Cotyledones planae, accumbentes. Radicula lateralia. Se- 
 mina compressa. 
 
 Tribus I. ArabIDEJE sea Pleurorhizeae Siliquosae. Siliqua 
 dehiscens, septo lineari seminibus plus minus latiore. Semina 
 ovalia, compressa, saepe marginata. Cotyledones planae, ac- 
 cumbentes, septo parallelae. 
 
 MATHIOLA . Calyx erectus, basi bisaccatus. Petala 
 unguiculata, limbo patente obovato aut oblongo. Stamina 
 libera, edentula, longiora subdilatata. Siliqua teres vel com- 
 pressa, elongata, bilocularis, bivalvis, stigmate connivente bilo- 
 bo, lobis dorso vel incrassatis vel cornigeris. Semina com- 
 pressa, 1-serialia, saepius marginata. Cotyledones planae, ac- 
 cumbentes. Herbae aut rarissimb suffrutices, erects aut diffu- 
 ses, ramosce, fere omnes tomento stellato molli albidce, interdum 
 glandulis subpedicellatis scabrce. Folia alterna , oblonga , integra 
 aut dentato-sinuata. Racemi terminates. Pedicelli ebracteati. 
 Flores purpurei aut albi aut sordid & pur pur ascent es, tristes, 
 scepius odorati. DC. p. 162. 
 
 Sect. IV. AciNOTUM. Petalorum laminae obovatae obtusae 
 aut emarginatae, laete purpureae aut albae. Siliqua apice tricus- 
 pidata, stigmatum dorsis nempe in cornua exsertis. DC. p. 175. 
 
 M. tricuspidata, caule suberecto ramoso, foliis sinuato-pinnati- 
 fidis, siliquae cuspidibus 3 acutis subaequalibus. DC. loc. cit . 
 Mathiola tricuspidata. Brown hort. hew. ed. 2. v. 4. p. 120. 
 Hort. sub. lond. 147. 
 
 Cheiranthus tricuspidatus. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 523. Sibth. 
 fl. grcec. t. 639. Schkuhr. handb. 2. p. 250. 1. 184. 
 
 Root annual, slender. Stems much branched, 
 spreading in various directions, cylindrical, attaining 
 a foot, or 18 inches in height, thickly clothed with 
 branching woolly hairs ; branches flexuose, ascending. 
 
 n 2 
 
Leaves oblong, obtuse, slender at the base ; those near 
 the root repandly-dentate, or slightly sinuate ; stem 
 ones more divided, sinuately pinnatifid ; sinuses obtuse, 
 tomentose. Racemes terminal, flexuose, many-flowered. 
 Pedicles tomentose, about a line long, at first erect, 
 afterwards spreading. Floivers of a bright lilac, light 
 at the base. Calyx of 4 sepals, about 4 lines long, 
 tomentose, swollen into 2 little pouches at the base. 
 Petals 4, alternate with the sepals, limb obovate, or 
 obcordate, at first of a pale lilac, afterwards becoming 
 darker; claw slender, about the length of the calyx. 
 Stamens 6 , unequal ; filaments 2, very short, and 
 straight ; 4 longer, with a small tooth on one side, 
 running down in a wing to the base ; anthers linear, 
 2-celled. Siliqua nearly round, tomentose. Stigma 
 lengthening out into 3 points, or horns, the middle one 
 erect, the others spreading. 
 
 The present genus was first established by 
 Mr. Brown, in the second edition of the Hortus 
 Kewensis, and contains all the different species of 
 Stocks, which were before that time arranged with 
 Cheirantlius , (or the Wall-flowers.) M. Decandolle 
 enumerates 27 species, which he divides into 4 Sec- 
 tions, or Sub-genera. The present species belongs to 
 his last Section, distinguished from the others by its 
 horned stigma, and obovate petals ; it is a very pretty 
 annual plant, native of the sandy shores of the Medi- 
 terranean, and of the South of Europe, growing, with 
 us, to the height of a foot, or 18 inches, and requires 
 no other treatment but to be sown early in Spring, in 
 the open ground, in as light a soil as possible, and to 
 be kept free from weeds. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in September 
 last. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal. 3. Stamens, 4 long, and 2 short. 4. One detached, to 
 show the small tooth in the middle of the filament, running down in a wing to 
 the base. 5. Siliqua spread open, to show the seeds, terminated by 3 points, 
 or horns. G. Seed. 
 
fiuJr !ry Ji. Jvs€e±- J^v ' 1 182 h 
 
 
 sA-'uJkn 
 
DRACOCEPHALUM argunense. 
 
 Fischer's Dragon $-head. 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 DRACO CEP HAL UM. Supra fol. 38. 
 
 D. argunense, floribus verticillato-spicatis subcapitatis, foliis 
 lineari-lanceolatis obtusis integerrimis margine scabris, 
 bracteis elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis. 
 
 Dracocephalum argunense. Fischer Mss. Link enum. 2. p. 118. 
 
 Perennial. Stems several from the same root, 
 branching a little, obtusely 4-sided, pubescent, from a 
 foot to 18 inches in height. Leaves linearly lanceolate, 
 entire, bluntish, with rough edges, attenuated into a 
 kind of footstalk at the base, smooth and glossy on 
 the upper, and slightly pubescent on the lower side. 
 Flowers in a whorled spike, terminated in a kind of 
 head, of a bright blue colour. Bractes 4, at the base 
 of each whorl, elliptically lanceolate, taper-pointed, 
 entire. Pedicles short and flat, slightly pubescent. 
 Calyx 5-cleft, striated with numerous shallow furrows; 
 segments lanceolate, acute, of a purplish colour, upper 
 one more than double the size of the others. Corolla 
 tubular, inflated at the mouth, 2-lipped, hairy within 
 and without; upper lip, or helmet, emarginate, con- 
 cave, very hairy on both sides ; lower lip 3-lobed ; 
 end lobe very broad, obcordate, sides doubled in, 
 spotted inside with numerous small purple spots ; side 
 lobes small, rounded, sides reflexed. Stamens 4, 
 inserted in the mouth, 2 a little longer than the others, 
 declining ; filaments bearded with long white hairs, 
 
particularly the upper ones, and terminating in a blunt 
 point, the anthers attached below it ; anthers incum- 
 bent, also bearded. Style smooth and glossy. Stigma 
 2-cleft, ending in 2 unequal points. Seeds 4, rugged. 
 
 For the opportunity of giving a figure of this new 
 and beautiful plant, we are obliged to Mr. William 
 Anderson, the worthy Curator of the Garden belong- 
 ing to the Apothecaries’ Company, at Chelsea; a 
 collection particularly rich in hardy herbaceous plants. 
 The present species was raised from seeds, received 
 by Mr. Anderson from Dr. Fischer. It is a native 
 of Siberia, and thrives well in the open borders, 
 flowering from July to October, and attaining the 
 height of a foot, or 18 inches, according to the strength 
 of the soil ; scarcely any plant can be better adapted 
 for the borders of the flower garden ; and as it spreads 
 but little, it needs little room. Young cuttings of it, 
 planted under hand-glasses in the open ground, the 
 same as recommended for Scutellaria orientalis, will 
 root readily ; it may also be raised from seeds, which 
 will ripen occasionally. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of the stamens. 
 3. Stamen detached, showing the hairy filament, and anther. 4. Style and 
 Stigmas. 5. The 4 naked Seeds. 
 
48 
 
 AMMOBIUM alatum. 
 
 Winged-stalked Ammobium. 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 Sect. II. CARDUACEJE . Div. 5. Vernoniacece. 
 
 AMMOBIUM. Receptaculum paleis distinctis. Pappus ; 
 margo dentatus. Anther ce basi bisetae. Involucrum imbrica- 
 tum, coloratum radians. 
 
 Herba erecta , tomentosa . Folia integerrima , radicalia lan - 
 ceolata , basi attenuata ; caulina minora , decurrentia. Caulis 
 alatus, ramis unifloris. Involucra hemisphcerica laminis albis , 
 intimis patulis radium abbreviatum efformantibus . Corollulae 
 uniformes , flavce . Stigmata truncato-dilatata. Semina a/ici- 
 pitia. Receptaculum convexum. Brown in Botan. magaz. 2459. 
 
 Ammobium alatum. Brown loc. cit . 
 
 Stems from 18 inches to 2 feet in height, flexuose, 
 much branched, 4-winged ; branches corymbose, erect, 
 tomentose, each terminated with a single capitulum ; 
 wings more or less curled, or undulate. Leaves at 
 the root stellately spreading, oblongly lanceolate, 
 acute, tapering to the base, entire, tomentose ; those 
 on the stems short, lanceolate, taper-pointed, undu- 
 late, broad at the base, clasping the stem, and decur- 
 rent, or running down it in a leafy border, or wing. 
 Peduncle erect, also winged. Involucre many-leaved, 
 imbricate ; scales white, scariose, oblong, blunt, more 
 or less wrinkled, radiate when the flower is expanded. 
 Receptacle chaffy. Chaff membranaceous, broadly 
 lanceolate, slightly toothed near the point, strongly 
 keeled at the back, mucronate. Rays none. Florets 
 tubular, 5-cleft, clothed here and there with small 
 glandular pellucid hairs. Stamens 5; filaments dis- 
 tinct; anthers connected, but distinct at the points, 
 with 2 small bristle like spurs at the base of each. 
 
Style smooth, included in the tube. Stigmas 2, 
 spreading, each terminated in a small truncated head. 
 Seeds flat, sharp-edged, terminated by 2 very small 
 teeth. 
 
 Our drawing of this curious and pretty perennial 
 plant, was taken at the extensive and richly stocked 
 Garden belonging to the Horticultural Society at 
 Chiswick, in August last, where it was raised from 
 seed received from New South Wales, sent by 
 Mr. Charles Frazer, Corresponding Member of the 
 Horticultural Society ; and we are informed by Joseph 
 Sabine, Esq. that it is hardy, and grows well in a rich 
 border, blossoming the whole Summer, and Autumn. 
 “ It was discovered by Robert Brown, Esq. in 1804, 
 growing plentifully near the shores of Port Hunter, 
 in New South Wales, and named by him Ammobium, 
 from its growing in sand.” We would recommend its 
 being planted in a south border; and, should the 
 Winter be severe, to be occasionally covered with a 
 little straw, or fern ; but always leaving it uncovered 
 in mild weather, that it might not rot. We believe 
 most of the herbaceous plants from New South Wales, 
 Van Diemen’s Land, and New Zealand, would suc- 
 ceed well by this management ; several that we have 
 tried ourselves have succeeded very well. 
 
 We have often been surprized that the seeds of so 
 few annual plants have, as yet, been introduced from 
 New Holland, and also from the Cape of Good Hope, 
 where so many pretty and interesting ones are growing 
 wild in all directions ; those would be most desirable, 
 as they would all prove quite hardy, requiring nothing 
 but to be sown in the open ground. 
 
 1. The Chaffy Receptacle cut through the middle. 2. Scale of the Involucre. 
 3. Scale of the Chaff. 4. Floret of the Disk. 5. The same split open, to show 
 the insertion of the Stamens. 6. The same divested of the Stamens. 7. Sta- 
 mens, showing the united Anthers and distinct Filaments. 8. Seed, terminated 
 by a Style, and 2 capitate Stigmas, all magnified, except the Receptacle. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
49 
 
 LIATRIS spicata. 
 
 Long-spiked Liatris . 
 
 Natural Order . Composite. Adanson farm, 2. 103. 
 Sect. II. Carduaceje. Div. 5. 
 
 LI A TRIS. Supra fol. 44. 
 
 L. spicata , caule simplici elato, foliis linearibus glabris basi 
 ciliatis nervosis et punctatis, spica longissima ; floribus sessi- 
 libus, squamis lineari-oblongis obtusis appressis. Pursh FI. 
 Amer . sept . v. 2. 507. sub. L. macrostachya. 
 
 Liatris spicata. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 1636. Botan. 
 
 magaz. 1411. Pers. syn. 2. p. 403. 
 
 Liatris macrostachya. Mich, amer . 2. p. 91. 
 
 Serratula spicata. Andrews's reposit. 401. 
 
 Root tuberous, bulbiform, fleshy ; from the base 
 and sides of which proceed numerous fibres. Stems 
 several, springing from the same root, from J to 4 feet 
 high, erect, more than half composed of pith, very 
 leafy, channelled, owing to the wiugs that run down 
 the stem from one leaf to the next, smooth, green below, 
 and purple upwards. Leaves sessile, at the root lan- 
 ceolate, stem ones linear, smooth, with a fringed base, 
 prominently veined and dotted with numerous small 
 transparent dots, bluntish. Flowers purple, crowded 
 in a long close spike, sessile. Involucre many-leaved, 
 imbricate ; scales linearly oblong, obtuse, close pressed, 
 with a thin membranaceous margin. Receptacle naked, 
 slightly convex, punctured. Florets from 10 to 20, 
 tubular, 5-cleft, tube about the length of the pappus ; 
 laciniae oblong, bluntish, about half the length of the 
 tube. Anthers 5, connected into a tube, about the 
 length of the floret. Style about as long as the anthers, 
 where it divides into 2 long blunt stigmas of a lilac 
 
 o 
 
colour, some of which are as long again as the floret. 
 Seeds channelled, very hairy. Pappus composed of 
 numerous feathered hairs. 
 
 This very handsome Autumn-flowering species will, 
 in a rich light soil, sometimes attain the height of 3 or 
 4 feet; in poorer soil it scarcely exceeds a foot, or 
 18 inches. It is one of the most desirable plants with 
 which we are acquainted, for the borders of the flower 
 garden, as it is quite hardy, and is in bloom from 
 August to October; the only danger of its not suc- 
 ceeding is, if it be planted in a damp situation, as its 
 fleshy roots are very liable to perish with too much 
 moisture; after flowering, the roots sometimes raise 
 themselves considerably above the earth ; in that case, 
 they should be covered with a little dry mould. The 
 best time for transplanting them, is late in Autumn, 
 when they are dormant, or very early in Spring ; and 
 if in a dry situation, the roots, if very large, may be 
 parted ; they may also be raised from seeds, which 
 should be sown in pots as soon as ripe, and soon after 
 they are come up, may be transplanted in the open 
 ground, where they will soon become flowering plants. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, King’s Road, 
 Chelsea, in September. 
 
 — » ' 
 
 1. Capitulum split through the middle, to show the naked dotted receptacle. 
 2. Floret spread open, to show the nerves. 3. Stamens spread open, showing 
 the distinct filaments, and united anthers. 4. Style terminated by its 2 blunt 
 spreading Stigmas. 5. Seed, showing its feathered pappus. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 :y 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
t Jelkn. f*nUk J*l 
 
 ftt/r hf $ Jwetl C JuLnt 
 
 *n~h HH2L 
 
 4 
 
50 
 
 IBERIS odorata. 
 
 Sweet-scented Candy-tuft. 
 
 Natural Order. Crucifers. DC. Reg. veg. syst . nat . 
 v. 2. p. 139. 
 
 Subordo I. Pleurorhizeje. DC. p. 146. 
 
 Tribus III. THLASPIDEJE seu Pleurorhizeae Angustiseptae. 
 Silicula bilocularis, bivalvis, septo angustissimo lineari, valvis 
 carinatis aut navicularibus. Semina ovalia, compressa, saepe 
 marginata. Cotyledones planrn, accumbentes. DC. p. 372. 
 
 IBERIS. Calyx basi aequalis. Petala 4, inaequalia, 2 ex- 
 teriora majora. Stamina libera, edentula. Silicula valvis cari- 
 natis navicularibus depressissima, basi ovata, apice valvis nempe 
 in lobulos productis emarginata, stylo persistente filiformi 
 apiculata, septo interdum bipartibili angustissimo, loculis latere 
 interno axi adnatis, 1-spermis. Semina ovata, pendula. Radi- 
 cula ad latus embryonis exterius. Cotyledones interius adscen- 
 dentes, accumbentes. Herbae aut Suffrutices. Caules teretes , 
 scepiiis glabri , interdum subcarnosi. Folia alterna , linearia aut 
 obovata, integra , dentata aut pinnatifida , interdilm crassiuscula. 
 Racemi nunc elongati, nunc per anthesin corymbosi posted 
 elongati , nunc imo post anthesin corymboso-umbellati. Pedicelli 
 ebracteati. Flores albi aut pur pur ascent es ( nunquam lutei ) f 
 exterior es corumbi maqis irrequlares , inter iores subrequlares. 
 DC. syst. p. 393. 
 
 I. odorata , herbacea glabra, foliis linearibus dentatis basi ciliatis 
 apice dilatatis, siliculis subrotundis; emarginaturae lobis 
 acutis patulis stylo brevioribus. DC. syst. p . 400. 
 
 Iberis odorata. Lin. sp. 906. Mill. diet. n. 4. Willd. sp. 
 pi. 3. p. 437. Pers. syn. 2. p. 187. Hort. sub. lond.p. 144. 
 DC. prodr. 1. p. 180. 
 
 Root annual, slender. Stem erect, bluntly angular, 
 more or less branched, densely clothed with short 
 white hairs; branches erect, furrowed. Leaves linear, 
 succulent, slender, and fringed at the base, widened, 
 
 o 2 
 
and blunt at the point; lower ones pinnatifid, segments 
 blunt, spreading; upper ones longer and narrower, 
 thinly toothed near the point with short blunt teeth. 
 Peduncle obsoletely 4-cornered, and furrowed with 
 numerous channels, very hairy. Flowers corymbose, 
 white, sweet-scented, very little lengthened when in 
 fruit. Pedicles slender, a little flattened, thickest at 
 the base, and gradually tapering upwards ; lower ones 
 longest. Calyx of 4 short sepals, which are obovate, 
 concave, their points bent inwards, with brownish red 
 membranaceous margins. Petals 4, unequal, parti- 
 cularly on the outer flowers ; on the inner ones becom- 
 ing nearly equal. Style a little longer than the 
 stamens. Silicle nearly round, covered with small 
 pellucid glands, and terminated in 2 spreading sharp- 
 pointed lobes. 
 
 Our drawing of this pretty and fragrant annual 
 plant, was taken this Summer at the Nursery of 
 Mr. Colvill, where it was cultivated in the open ground, 
 and continued to flower all the Summer ; it is allied 
 to I. pinnata , but differs in its stem leaves being only 
 toothed, and its acute lobed pods ; it is also related 
 to I. amara, in its flowers, but differs considerably in 
 its leaves and pods. A native of Crete ; and only 
 requires to be sown in the open borders, and to be 
 kept free from weeds. Our specimens grew to the 
 height of a foot, and ripened plenty of seeds, which 
 should be sown in March, or April ; others may be 
 sown later in Summer, they will then continue to flower 
 late in the season. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. One of the large petals, and 1 of the small ones. 3. Stamens. 
 4. Stamen detached. 5. Germen, showing its acute lobes, and terminated with 
 the style, and capitate stigma. 6. Silicle, or pod. 
 
A A 
 
51 
 
 CENTAUREA suaveolens. 
 
 Yellow sweet Sultan , or Centaury. 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 Sect. II. Cakduaceje. 
 
 CENTAUREA. Receptaculum setosum. Pappus simplex. 
 Corollce radii infundibuliformes, longiores, irregulares. 
 
 Sect. I. (Centaurea Juss.) Flores centrales hermaphroditic 
 marginales neutri. Involucri squamae inarm es simplices. Folia 
 simplicia aut pinnata. 
 
 C. suaveolens , involucris inermibus glabris, squamis subrotundo- 
 ovatis obtusiusculis apice sphacelatis, foliis lyrato-pinnatifidis. 
 Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 2279. 
 
 Centaurea suaveolens. Pers. syn. 2. p. 481. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 5. p. 144. 
 
 Annual. Stem erect, much branched, from a foot 
 to 18 inches in height; branches angular, pubescent. 
 Leaves lyrately pinnatifid, when young pubescent, the 
 pubescence gradually wearing off ; lower ones ovate 
 or elliptic, more or less sharply toothed ; upper ones 
 oblong, or lanceolate, more pointed ; segments bluntish. 
 Peduncles terminal, 1-flowered, many angled, pube- 
 scent. Flowers large, golden yellow. Involucre many- 
 leaved, imbricate; scales roundly-ovate, blunt, and 
 terminated with a brown point, the upper ones spha- 
 celate, smooth, or slightly pubescent. Receptacle flat, 
 setose. Marginal florets very large, barren, tubular, 
 terminated with from 18 to 24 sharp pointed teeth. 
 Florets of the disk fertile, tubular, and terminated in 
 5 long pointed teeth, furnished both with stamens and 
 pistil. Stamens 5; filaments distinct; anthers con- 
 
nected ; pollen bright yellow. Style smooth. Stigma 
 terminated in a Tong point. Seeds densely hairy, 
 crowned with a feathered pappus. 
 
 This very handsome and delightfully fragrant annual, 
 is particularly well adapted for ornamenting the flower 
 borders in Summer ; it is rather more tender than the 
 more common Sweet Sultan, or C. moschata , and 
 thrives best in a warm dryish situation ; if sown in the 
 open ground, it should be in a border of light rich 
 earth, and as much exposed to the sun as possible ; 
 if the Summer proves favourable, the plants will suc- 
 ceed very well, growing to the height of a foot, or 
 18 inches, and continuing to bloom nearly all the 
 Summer. They may also be sown in pots, in a hot- 
 house, or green-house, or on a hot-bed that is often 
 appropriated to the raising of rather tender annuals ; 
 from thence they may be transplanted into the open 
 ground ; but this must be done before they get too 
 large, or they will not be likely to do so well ; when 
 transplanted, they must be attended daily with water, 
 should the weather prove dry and warm. 
 
 This plant, like many others, seldom produces seeds 
 in any abundance ; this is owing to the pollen not 
 coming in contact with the stigmas ; but is easily re- 
 medied by touching the stigmas of one flower with the 
 pollen of another, by putting the two flowers together, 
 and tapping the heads with the finger ; this must be 
 done when the sun is on them, as the pollen is then 
 perfect. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 last Summer. 
 
 1. Receptacle cut in two, to show the chaff. 2. Floret of the disk spread 
 open. 3. Stamens spread open, showing the united anthers, and distinct fila- 
 ments. 4. Seed crowned with a feathered pappus, and withered floret. 
 
. 
 
 ' 
 
 1 ' • - 
 
 ' 
 
 ■ 
 
(5 ,£fiecJ.toTV,C&rti£A., -2 )aA 
 
 Hy d%,cJov-<ie.£. GAn.Lt e.a. <zjyLci?*fiA -. /, /a 24 . 
 
52 
 
 SCUTELLARIA Columnae. 
 
 Columncis Skull-cap . 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 SCUTELLARIA. Supra fol. 45. 
 
 S. Columns, foliis oblongis cordatis serratis pubescentibus, 
 spicis elongatis secundis, bracteis petiolatis ovatis calyce 
 brevioribus. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 175. 
 
 Scutellaria Columnae. Pers. syn. 2. p. 136. Hort. sub. lond. 
 p. 135. All. pedem. n. 145. t. 84. f. 2. Column . ecphr. 1 . 
 p. 187. t. 189. 
 
 Perennial. Stems ascending, about 18 inches high, 
 4-sided, branching in all directions ; branches bluntly 
 quadrangular, clothed with a short dense pubescence. 
 Leaves opposite, oblongly cordate, bluntly serrate, 
 terminating in a bluntish point, rugose, pubescent on 
 both sides. Petioles shorter than the leaves, chan- 
 nelled on the upper side, and convex on the lower, 
 pubescent. Flower spikes long, the flowers in pairs, 
 purple, and leaning to one side. JBractes on a very 
 short footstalk, ovate, concave, pointed and ciliate, 
 about the length of the calyx. Pedicles shorter than 
 the bractes, villous. Calyx 2-lipped, entire, villous, 
 enclosing the seeds, the upper lip forming a kind of 
 cap. Corolla tubular, ringent, villous, helmet 3-lobed, 
 upper lobe round, emarginate, side ones small, acute ; 
 lower lip emarginate, its sides a little reflected. Sta- 
 mens 4, inserted in the tube, 2 longer than the others ; 
 filaments declining, very hairy; anthers incumbent, 
 fringed. Style smooth, shorter than the stamens. 
 
Stigma a small simple point. Seeds 4, naked, smooth 
 and shining, enclosed in the calyx. 
 
 Our drawing of this beautiful species of Scutellaria 
 was taken at the Garden belonging to the Apothecaries’ 
 Company, at Chelsea, last Summer, where it grew to 
 the height of about 18 inches, and continued to flower 
 all the latter part of Summer. It is a very handsome 
 plant, and its long spikes of purple flowers all leaning 
 to one side, make an elegant appearance ; like most 
 of the other species of the genus, the stem is suflru- 
 tescent at the base, and from thence branches in 
 various directions. 
 
 It succeeds well in the open ground, and prefers a 
 rich light soil ; it may be increased by dividing it at 
 the root, or young cuttings planted underhand-glasses, 
 in the open ground, will soon strike root, managing 
 them, as was before directed in a former Number, 
 under S. orientalis ; it may also be increased by seeds, 
 which sometimes ripen plentifully. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. The same highly magnified, with the upper part turned back, 
 to show the 4 naked seeds. 3. Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of 
 the stamens. 4. Stamen detached. 5. The 4 naked Seeds. 6. Style. 
 
S3. 
 
 
53 
 
 YUCCA glaucescens. 
 
 Glaucescent Adams Needle. 
 
 Natural Order. Tulipacea:. Kunth Synops. 1 . p. 292. 
 
 YUCCA . Perianthium campanulatum, laciniis rectis non 
 nectariferis. Stamina filamentis superne crassioribus ; antheris 
 minimis. Stylus 0 ; stigma sessile. Capsula oblonga, obtuse 
 3-gona ; semina plana. Caulis subnullus aut caudice assurgente 
 fruticosus; folia confer tia terminalia , ensiformia apice spinoso ; 
 fores spicati aut paniculati, terminates , bispathacei. Juss. 
 gen. 49. 
 
 Y. glaucescens , foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis concavis 
 giaucescentibusstrictis; margine rarissime filamentosis, petalis 
 interioribus sesquilatioribus, caule erecto ramoso. 
 
 Yucca glaucescens. Haworth supp . plant, succ. p. 35. 
 
 A stemless species. Leaves several, spreading all 
 round, middle ones upright, from 12 to 18 inches long, 
 and 1 broad; linearly-lanceolate, straight, rigid, taper- 
 ing at both ends, concave, particularly towards the 
 point, which terminates in a sharp horny spine, of a 
 dull glaucous colour; margin entire, with here and 
 there a slender white filiferous thread, from 3 lines to 
 
 2 inches in length, a little twisted. Flower-stem from 
 
 3 to 4 feet in height, much branched towards the 
 point ; branches short, thickly clothed with flowers, 
 angular, channelled, densely covered with a short 
 white down. Flowers generally in pairs, the terminal 
 ones solitary, of a greenish white, tinged with yellow. 
 Bractes sphacelate, membranaceous, sheathing at the 
 base, ovately lanceolate, concave, acute, of a grey 
 
 p 
 
brown, streaked with numerous darker lines. Pedun- 
 cles short, cylindrical, a little bent when in flower, 
 downy. Perianthium divided into 6 segments, nearly 
 to the base, campanulately spreading ; segments thick 
 and succulent, the 3 inner ones half as broad again as 
 the outer ones. Stamens 6 , inserted in the base of 
 the perianthium; filaments gradually thickening up- 
 wards, a little longer than the germen ; anthers small 
 in proportion, sagittate, attached at the base, blunt- 
 pointed. Germen superior, bluntly 3-sided. Style 
 none. Stigmas 3, sessile, channelled inwards, with 
 retuse points. 
 
 This plant is a native of North America, and was 
 introduced by the late Mr. John Lyons, from whom 
 Mr. Colvill purchased the plants from which our 
 drawing was taken. Mr. T. Nuttall, in his Genera 
 of North American Plants , mentions a species of 
 this genus, discovered by Mr. Lyons, nearly allied to 
 Y . filament osa, but much narrower leaved, and known 
 by the name of Y. angustifolia by the gardeners around 
 London, this is probably the species meant. It is a fine 
 stately perennial plant when in flower; in rich soil attain- 
 ing the height of 3 or 4 feet ; several plants flowered 
 at Mr. ColvilPs Nursery, last Summer, and continued 
 in bloom from the beginning of August till the middle 
 of October. It is quite hardy, will succeed well in 
 any common garden soil, and may be increased 
 abundantly by the suckers from the roots. 
 
 1. Stamen, showing its large thickened filament, and small anther. 2. Ger- 
 men, terminated by its 3 sessile retuse stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 . 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<A/ 
 
 
 
54 
 
 MALCOMIA littorea. 
 
 Tomentose Malcomia. 
 
 
 Natural Order. Crucifers. DC. reg . veg. syst. nat. 
 v. 2. p. 139. 
 
 MALCOMIA. Supra fol. 40. 
 
 M. littorea, caule multiplici erecto, foliis lanceolato-linearibus 
 subintegris, tomento brevicanis, pedicellis calycis longitudine, 
 siliquis incanis. DC. loc. cit. p. 443. 
 
 Malcomia littorea. Hort . Kew. ed. 2. v. 4. p. 121. HorL 
 sub. lond. 147. 
 
 Malcolmia littorea. Link enum. 2. p. 167. 
 
 Cheiranthus littoreus. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 521. 
 
 Hesperis littorea. Lam . diet. 3. p. 322. 
 
 Biennial. Stems several from the same root, simple, 
 or sometimes branched, from 6 inches to a foot in 
 height, upright, or slightly spreading, cylindrical, 
 thickly clothed with a short white close-pressed to- 
 mentum, as are the leaves, peduncles, and calyx. 
 Leaves lanceolately linear, blunt, attenuated to the 
 base, entire, or distantly toothed. Racemes several- 
 flowered, terminal, erect, without bractes. Pedicles 
 slender, about the length of the calyx. Calyx of 
 4 sepals, connivent, 2-gibbous at the base ; sepals 
 linear, concave, bluntish, every other one largest. 
 Petals 4, unguiculate, the unguis a little longer than 
 the calyx ; lamina obovate, or obcordate, emarginate, 
 of a bright lilac, lighter at the base. Stamens 6, 
 inserted in the receptacle, 4 long, and 2 short ; fila- 
 ments smooth, attached to the anthers a little above 
 
 p 2 
 
their base; anthers oblique, 2-celled, opening by the 
 sides. Pod cylindrical, tomentose, terminated by an 
 acute stigma. 
 
 This pretty plant is a hardy biennial, or by sowing 
 the seeds early in Spring it might be treated as an 
 annual ; the best method is to sow the seeds in 
 Autumn, the plants will then get strong, and flower 
 early in Summer, and ripen plenty of seeds ; when 
 sown in Spring, they will not flower till the Autumn ; 
 and if the Summer should prove cold or wet, they will 
 scarcely ripen their seeds at all. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from some plants at the 
 Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where they were raised from 
 seeds sown in the month of March ; these began 
 flowering in September, and continued in full bloom 
 till the end of November, but the weather being 
 generally wet at that season, they ripened no seeds. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal, showing its long slender unguis. 3. Stamens, 4 lo-ng, 
 and 2 short, with the siliqua growing up through the middle of them. 4. Sta- 
 men detached, magnified. 5. Siliqua, terminated with its acute stigma. 
 

 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
5c? 
 
 1 
 
55 
 
 VERONICA neglecta. 
 
 Canescent Speedwell . 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophularina:. Brown prodr. 433. 
 Sect. 1. Stamina duo antherifera. Capsula bilocularis. 
 VERONICA. Supra fol. 23. 
 
 V. neglecta , spicis terminalibus cano-pubescentibus, foliis ser- 
 ratis cauleque canescenti-tomentosis ; radicalibus petiolatis 
 oblongis obtusis; caulinis oppositis alternisve lanceolatis 
 utrinque attenuatis basi integerrimis. 
 
 Veronica neglecta. Valil. Willd. ' enum . v. 1. p. 15. Rcem. 
 et Schult. syst . 1 . p. 92. Sweet hort . srcfo force/, p. 4. 
 
 Veronica canescens. Schrad. ver. 19. Link enum. 1. p. 21. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems prostrate at the base, then 
 ascending, afterwards erect, thickly clothed with a 
 white tomentum. Leaves canescent, serrate, but 
 entire at the base ; lower ones with long foot-stalks, 
 oblong, bluntish; stem leaves opposite, lanceolate, 
 pointed at both ends, upper ones alternate, those 
 next the flowers nearly entire. Spikes several, 
 terminal, the middle one much the longest, often a foot 
 in length, hoary. Bractes subulate, lower ones a little 
 longer than the flowers, upper ones about the length of 
 the calyx, canescent, as are the pedicles and calyx. 
 Pedicles very short. Calyx 4-parted, 2 lower segments 
 deeply divided, subulately linear, nearly twice the 
 length of the upper ones, which are ovate and blunt. 
 Corolla subrotate ; tube shorter than the calyx ; limb 
 4-parted, unequal, spreading, of a bright blue colour ; 
 segments entire, some lanceolate, acute, others ovate, 
 and blunt. Stamens 2. Filaments longer than the 
 
petals. Anthers incumbent, 2-celled, bursting in front 
 to discharge the pollen. German woolly. Style 
 smooth and shining, purple, about the length of the 
 stamens. Stigma a simple blunt point, darker than 
 the style. 
 
 Our drawing of this perennial plant, was taken at 
 the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where it continues in bloom 
 the greater part of the Summer, and is quite hardy, 
 requiring only to be planted in the open flower bor- 
 ders. In a rich soil, it often attains to the height of 
 18 inches ; in poorer soil, or in pots, it scarcely ex- 
 ceeds afoot; it is a very proper plant for the adorning 
 of rock-work, and will also thrive in a shady situation. 
 It is nearly related to V. incana , with which it has 
 been often confounded, when in a weak state, but the 
 leaves of that are generally entire; when growing 
 strong, it is sometimes confounded with V. australis , 
 but the leaves of that are thicker, and much deeper 
 notched. It is readily increased by dividing it at the 
 root; or it may be raised from seeds, which ripen in 
 abundance. 
 
 1. Calyx, showing its unequal laciniee. 2. Corolla spread open, to show the 
 unequal segments. 3. The 2 stamens inserted in the base of the corolla. 
 4. Germen terminated by the Style and small Stigma. 
 
1 
 
 * 
 
 / aw. 
 
56 
 
 GALINSOGEA trilobata. 
 
 Three-lobed Galinsogea . 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 
 Sect. V. HeliANTHEjE. Kunth Synops. tom. 2. p . 463. 
 
 GALINSOGEA. Involucrum semigiobosum, oligophyllum, 
 laxe imbricatum. Receptaculum planum, paleaceum. Flosculi 
 disci tubulosi, hermaphroditi ; radii bilabiati, feminei; labio 
 exteriore maximo, subtrilobo aut integro ; interiore abbreviato, 
 bipartito. Akenia coronata squamulis ciliato-fimbriatis aut 
 plumulis crebris persistentibus. 
 
 Herbae ramis foliisque oppositis , laciniatis ; floribus termina- 
 libus, longe pedunculatis ; radio aurantiaco . Kunth Synops. 2. 
 p. 491. 
 
 G. trilobata , foliis oblongo-lanceolatis dentatis triplinerviis ; 
 inferioribus hastato-trilobis. Willden . sp. pi. 3. p. 2228. 
 Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 122. Bot. mag. 1895. 
 
 Galinsoga trilobata. Cavanill . ic. 3. p. 42. t. 282. Pers. syn. 2. 
 p. 472. 
 
 Annual. Stems much branched, ascending, spread- 
 ing round in every direction, from 1 to 2 feet in height ; 
 branches cylindrical, furrowed with numerous channels, 
 and clothed with long spreading hairs. Leaves oppo- 
 site, attenuated at the base, more or less toothed, 
 triplinerved, slightly hairy; lower ones oblong, hastately 
 3-lobed, and terminating in a bluntish point; upper 
 ones narrower, lanceolate, sharper toothed, and more 
 pointed. Peduncles terminal, generally in pairs, the 
 branch still lengthening out into other pairs, very 
 hairy, hairs terminated with purple glands. Involucre 
 imbricate, smooth and glossy ; scales obovate, obtuse, 
 
points curved inwards, membranaceous. Receptacle 
 paleaceous. Chaff lanceolate, keeled, taper-pointed. 
 Rays from 8 to 10, fertile, obcordate, 3-lobed, of a 
 bright yellow, with an orange-coloured mark at the 
 base ; lobes blunt and rounded. Florets of the disk 
 tubular, hairy at the base, furnished both with stamens 
 and pistils, opening into 5 blunt reflexed teeth. 
 Stamens 5; filaments distinct, smooth; anthers con- 
 nected. Style smooth. Stigma bifid. Seeds black, 
 clothed with close pressed white hairs, obconical, or 
 with the largest part uppermost, terminated with a 
 pappus of numerous small serrated chaff. 
 
 Avery pretty hardy annual, native of South America, 
 and only requires to be sown in the open ground, and 
 to be kept free from weeds; the best time for sowing 
 the seeds, is the latter end of March, or beginning of 
 April ; if sown earlier, they are liable to be injured by 
 the Spring frost. As the plants spread considerably, 
 they should not be allowed to remain too close together; 
 if they are from 9 inches to a foot apart, they will 
 make a better appearance than if they were nearer to 
 each other, flowering from August to October, and 
 ripening abundance of seeds. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. 
 Colvill, in September last. 
 
 1. Involucre cut through the middle, to show the chaffy receptacle. 2. Scale 
 of the involucre. 3. Scale of the chaff, showing its keel and attenuated point. 
 4. Floret spread open, showing its nerves. 5. Stamens, showing the united 
 anthers and distinct filaments. 6. Seed, terminated with its style and bifid 
 stigma. 7. Ripe Seed, terminated with a pappus of small serrated chaff. 
 

 
 
 
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 \ 
 
 ' 
 
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 57 
 
 SYMPLOCARPUS fcetidus. 
 
 Foetid Symplocarpus , or Scunkweed. 
 
 Natural Order . Aroide^e. Brown Prodr. 333. 
 
 Sect. II. Flores hermapkroditi ; Perianthio instructs 
 Orontiaceje. 
 
 SYMPLOCARPUS. Spatha ventricoso-ovata, cucullata, 
 acuminata, basi convoluta. Spadix subglobosus ; floribus undi- 
 que tectus. Perianthium 4-partitum. Stamina 4. Baccce 
 coadunatae, monospermae. Semina magna, exalbuminosa. 
 
 S. foetidus. Salisbury in Hort. trans . Nuttall gen . amer. 
 v. 1. p. 106. 
 
 Draconlium foetidum. Willden. sp. pi. 2. p. 288. 
 
 Potbos foetid a. Botan. magaz. 836. Hort. Kew . ed. 2. v.l. 
 p. 270. 
 
 Root verticillately fibrous, truncate. Leaves large, 
 smooth, pale green, often tinged with purple or brown, 
 ovate-cordate, strongly veined, entire, preceded by 
 conspicuous sheathing stipules, and protected by 
 large glaucous, spathulate-linguiform, veinless bractes. 
 Scapes radical, appearing before the leaves. Spatha 
 discoloured, ovoid, roundish, cucullate, obliquely acu- 
 minate, point coarctate, plaited, involutely auriculate 
 at the base, thick and spongy, livid purple, blotched 
 and spotted with pale green, or greenish yellow 
 blotched with purple. Spadix pedunculate, simple, 
 almost sphaerical, covered with hermaphrodite flowers. 
 Rractes none. Flowers tessellately imbricate, adnate. 
 Perianthium 4-parted, persistent, divided to the base; 
 segments cucullate, truncate, compressed at the apex, 
 emarginate, at length becoming very thick and spongy. 
 Stamens 4, opposite the divisions of the perianthium ; 
 filaments subulate, flat ; anthers exserted, short, 
 oblong-oval, 2-celled. Style thick, pyramidal, qua- 
 drangular, acuminate ; stigma simple, minute, pubes- 
 cent, shorter than the stamens. Germen immersed 
 in the spongy receptacle, 1 -seeded. Seed naked, large, 
 round, inclosed in the common receptacle. Corculum 
 
 Q 
 
small, involute, erect, umbilicately attached to a large 
 solid, carneous perisperm. Chiefly copied from Nut tall. 
 
 “ Obs. The seed of the Symplocarpus does not 
 appear to possess any thing like a proper cotyledon, 
 the embryo formed in the exact posture of the growing 
 plant, (with the radical downwards,) differs not from 
 it in any particular, but that of size. In place of a 
 cotyledon there is a sheathing stipule similar to that 
 which is ever after produced ; in fact, it is viviparous. 
 The embryon is seated in a small umbilical or hemis- 
 pherical depression, in the upper end of what may be 
 called a vitellus rather than a perisperm, judging from 
 its functions ; this callus, or seminal tubercle, is 
 roundish, and turbinate, nearly as large as a filbert 
 nut, very solid, and carneous, possessing in a high 
 degree the alliaceous fcetor of the grown plant ; the 
 mutual point of attachment subsisting betwixt this 
 body and the embryon, is at first a minute and nearly 
 central funiculus, which enlarges and becomes more 
 distinct during the progress of germination ; but what 
 appears to be most singular in it, is the length of time 
 which it continues attached to the growing plant, 
 apparently inert at the base of the caudex for 12, or 
 even 18 months.” Nuttall loc. cit. 
 
 Several plants of this curious species have been 
 lately received from North America, by Mr. Colvill, 
 and the greater part were in full flower when they 
 arrived ; from one of those our drawing was taken in 
 March last. The mould in which they grew was a 
 very black soft peat, the kind of soil in which they 
 should be planted in this country, and in a moist 
 situation, as Mr. Nuttall says, they are subaquatics ; 
 being so curious a plant, it is well worth cultivation in 
 any collection, as the flowers are very curious, and its 
 fine large light green leaves make a fine appearance 
 after flowering; it is quite hardy, and may be in- 
 creased by dividing at the root. 
 
 1. Spadix in full flower. 2. Perianthium spread open. 3. The Stamens 
 connected at the base, inclosing the Style. 4. The same laid open. 5. Style, 
 terminated by its small bearded Stigma. 
 

 
 
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58 
 
 SILENE vespertina. 
 
 Evening Catchfly. 
 
 Natural Order . Caryophylle^e. DC. prodr. syst. 
 nat . 1. p. 351. 
 
 Tribus I. SiLENEje. Sepala coalita in tubum cylindraceum 
 apice 4-5-dentatum. 
 
 SILENE. Calyx tubulosus 5-dentatus nudus. Petala 
 5 unguiculata, fauce saepissimae coronata, limbo bifido. Sta- 
 mina 10. Styli 3. Capsulce basi 3-loculares apice in 6 dentes 
 dehiscentes, DC. prodr. 1. p. 367. 
 
 Sect. V. Stachymorpha. Caulescent es. Flores spicati 
 axiliares^ non oppositi. Calyx 10-striatus. 
 
 §. 2. Calycibus clavatis. 
 
 S. vespertina , pubescens, caulibus ramosis, foliis spathulatis 
 obtusis, spicis geminis secundis, calycibus vesiculato-clavatis, 
 petalis bipartitis, lobis ovatis. DC. loc. cit. 374. 
 
 Silene vespertina. Retz. obs. 3. p. 31. Willden. sp. pi. 2. 
 
 p. 699. Botan . magaz. 677. 
 
 Silene bipartita. Desf. atl. 1. p. 352. t. 100. 
 
 Silene distachya. Brot.fl. lusit. 2. p. 189. 
 
 Annual. Stems erect, from afoot to 18 inches in 
 height, much branched from the base, pubescent. 
 Leaves on the lower part of the stem obovate, upper 
 ones spatulate, obtuse ; all fringed at the base. Spikes 
 in pairs, terminal, secund, or the flowers leaning to 
 one side; intermediate flower pedunculate. Calyx 
 clavate, vesiculosely pubescent, erect. Petals 2-parted, 
 coronate, rose-coloured ; lobes ovate ; crown connate. 
 Stamens 10, every other one shortest, and joined to 
 the base of the petals ; the other 5 longer, and inserted 
 in the receptacle. Styles 3, spreading. 
 
 q 2 
 
This pretty annual is quite hardy, and only requires 
 to be sown in the open flower borders, and to be kept 
 free from weeds. The seeds of our plants were 
 received from Germany, under the name of S. bifida ; 
 it is without doubt the S. vespertina of the Botanical 
 Magazine, and also the S. bipartita of Desfontaines, if 
 we may judge from the figures, though, in many Bota- 
 nical works, they are enumerated as different species. 
 But Decandolle, in his Prodromus, considers them 
 both to belong to the same, and we have thought it 
 safest to follow his opinion. The best time for sowing 
 the seeds is the latter end of March, or beginning of 
 April; and should the plants come up too close toge- 
 ther, they should be thinned out, leaving them from 
 4 to 6 inches apart, they will then grow stronger, and 
 flower in greater perfection. The flowers appear to 
 the greatest advantage of an evening, or early in the 
 morning; for when the sun shines warm on them, the 
 petals curl up, and do not open again till the evening. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 last Summer. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal detached, to show the insertion of the Stamen. 3. Co- 
 rolla spread open, showing the 5 Petals with their crowned Faux, and the 
 insertion of the 5 shortest Stamens. 4. The other 5 longer Stamens inserted 
 in the Receptacle. 5. Germen terminated by the 3 spreading Styles. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 J>ul Ly Jl- Jri^cct Ihelanz stta-y / I8Q.I+. 
 
 jl .^xilty *%<-ulji. 
 
59 
 
 SAXIFRAGA ligulata. 
 
 Fringed-leaved Nepaul Saxifrage . 
 
 Natural Order. Saxifrages. Juss. gen. 308. 
 
 SAXIFRAGA. Calyx 5-fid us. Pet ala If, integra. Sta- 
 mina 10. Styli 2, persistentes. Capsula 2-locularis, 2-valvis 
 e stylis persistentibus birostris ; intra rostra foramine orbiculari 
 aperiens, polysperma. Semina minuta, lsevia. 
 
 Sect. I. Bergenia . Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, extus 
 rugosus ; segmentis conniventibus. Petala unguiculata, calyce 
 inserta. Stamina fauce calycis inserta; Jilamenta subulata; 
 antherce subrotundse. Styli intus cavi seminibus pleni ! basi 
 coaliti, demum turgidi et in capsulam profunde bipartitam 
 transientes. Stigmata semiglobosa glabra. Semina cylindracea. 
 Herbae perennes. Radix crassa , lignosa. Folia ampla carnosa. 
 Petioli stipulis integris membranaceis secus bases utrinque 
 adnatis instruct! ! Scapi crassi, denudati. Flores thyrsoideo- 
 paniculati. D. Don in Linn, trans. v. 13. p. 343. 
 
 S. ligulata , foliis orbiculato-cordatis obovatisve denticulatis 
 ciliatis punctatis glabris, stipulis ciliatis, scapo dichotomo, 
 petalis late orbiculatis. 
 
 Saxifraga ligulata. Wallich in Act . Soc. Asiat. XIII. p. 398. 
 cum fig. Don in Linn, trans. 13. p. 348. Hooker Exot. Flor . 
 t. 49. 
 
 Megasea ? ciliata. Haworth sax. enum p. 7. 
 
 Root horizontal, ligneous. Leaves large, leathery, 
 denticulate, ciliate, dotted all over with small punc- 
 tures, strongly veined underneath, smooth, of a glossy 
 green on the upper side, and of a dull pale green on 
 the lower; lower ones roundly obovate, cordate at 
 the base, from 9 to 10 inches long, and 7 broad ; upper 
 ones nearly round, cordate, 4 inches long, and about 
 the same in breadth. Petiole short and thick, nearly 
 
round, furnished at the base with a large decurrent, 
 membranaceous, fringed Stipule , which clasps the 
 stem. Scapes 2 to 4, erect, slenderish, smooth, leaf- 
 less, forked, sometimes divided again ; racemes from 
 4 to 6-flowered, at first nodding, afterwards becoming 
 upright, j Bracte 1 , below the fork, membranaceous, 
 dilated at the base, sheathing the scape, acute. Pedi- 
 cles short, roughish, striate. Calyx campanulate ; 
 laciniae 5, short, roundish, obtuse, dotted. Petals 
 5, white, inserted in the calyx, unguiculate; lamina 
 broadly orbiculate. Stamens 10, inserted in the calyx, 
 every other one longest ; filaments smooth, subulate, 
 flesh-coloured ; anthers roundish ; pollen cream- 
 coloured. Capsule superior, terminating gradually into 
 the Styles . Stigmas 2, large, nearly globular, smooth, 
 and glossy. 
 
 This beautiful species of Saxifrage, is a native of 
 Nepaul, and was raised at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 in the Spring of 1822, from seeds sent him, by 
 Mr. George Potter, from the Botanic Garden, at Cal- 
 cutta ; 2 of the plants flowered this Spring, from one of 
 which our drawing was taken. It belongs to the same 
 section or subgenus, as the common S. crassifolia, and 
 S. cordifolia, which, with Mr. Don, we agree in con- 
 sidering as distinct species : indeed, we never had any 
 other opinion concerning them. 
 
 The present plant will be a valuable addition to our 
 collections, as it flowers so early in Spring ; and we 
 expect it will prove as hardy as its near relatives ; but, 
 at present, we would advise it to be planted in a warm 
 border, and to be covered with a mat, or a little straw, 
 or fern, in severe weather in Winter. It succeeds well 
 in a rich garden soil, and may be increased, but slowly, 
 from the suckers at the roots. 
 
 1 . Calyx spread open, showing the insertion of the Stamens. 2 . Petal. 
 3. Germens terminated with 2 capitate Stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
2)altZm- y-mitfv eUl- 
 
 JPuIr ly ^ jP-ns+At- ^ktiota. ^4tay / /S^-L*. 
 
 
60 
 
 CUPHEA viscosissima. 
 
 Viscous Cuphea . 
 
 Natural Order . Salicaria:. Juss. gen. 330. 
 
 CUPHEA. Calyx tubuloso-ventricosus, 6-12-dentatus, 
 inaequalis. Petala 6, (plerumque) inaequalia, calyci inserta. 
 Stamina 10-12-insertione inaequalia, nempe hinc 8 coordinata 
 et conformia, inde 4 minora gemina ordine disposita quorum 
 2 superiora villosa ; antherce subrotundae. Capsula cum calyce 
 longitudinaliter dehiscens, 1-locularis ; conceptaculo triquetro. 
 Semina lentiformia. 
 
 C. viscosissima , floribus axillaribus solitariis, foliis ovato- 
 lanceolatis supra scabris, caule erecto hispido, stylo piloso. 
 Hort. Kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 150. 
 
 Cuphea viscosissima. Willden . sp. pi. 2. p. 870. enum . 498. 
 Jacq . hort. vindoh. 2. p. 83. t. 177. Pers. syn. 2. p. 8. 
 Barton Flor . north amer . v . 1. t. 18. 
 
 Annual , from a foot to 18 inches in height, erect, 
 branched, of a purplish colour; branches rather flex- 
 uose, thickly clothed with short stiff purplish hairs, 
 covered with a viscous substance, as are the petioles, 
 peduncles, and calyx. Leaves ovate, or ovately lan- 
 ceolate, oblique at the base, entire, bluntish, hairy on 
 both sides. Petioles slender, shorter than the leaves, 
 flattened on the upper side, and rounded on the lower. 
 Flowers small, axillary, solitary. Peduncles very 
 short, scarcely any. Calyx tubular, ventricose, 12-an- 
 gled, and terminated with 6 very short blunt teeth ; 
 angles of a darker colour, hispid, the channels between 
 them smooth and naked. Petals 6 , unequal, the 
 2 upper ones largest, unguiculate, inserted in the calyx, 
 of a light purple, or lilac. Stamens 12, unequally 
 
inserted in the tube of the calyx ; filaments hairy, the 
 2 upper ones villous; anthers incumbent. Style I, 
 hairy, slender towards the point, and terminated with 
 a small capitate stigma. Capsule bursting longitudi- 
 nally soon after the flower drops, and showing its 
 naked seeds, which continue to encrease in size, and 
 remain firmly attached till ripe. Seeds several, lenti- 
 form, facing the side that the capsule is burst, in a 
 kind of secund spike. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 from plants raised from seeds last Spring ; they began 
 flowering when they were scarcely 4 inches high, and 
 continued to bloom the whole of the Summer, and 
 ripened abundance of seeds ; the first flowers were 
 very small, agreeing exactly in size with those in the 
 figure of Barton’s Flora, of North America; but as 
 the plants increased in strength, the flowers became 
 larger, at length, making a handsome appearance. 
 The bursting of the capsules is a very curious circum- 
 stance, and if the plants are not well watched, the 
 seeds will drop out and be lost. 
 
 The present plant has been generally considered as 
 a greenhouse biennial, but ours were certainly hardy 
 annuals, flowering very soon after being out of the 
 ground, and dying as soon as the seeds were ripened. 
 The best time for sowing the seeds, is the beginning 
 of April, if the weather prove mild ; they should be 
 sown in a rich soil, in a warm border. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Calyx spread open, to show the insertion of the Petals and 
 Stamens. 3. One of the upper Stamens detached, to show the villous filament. 
 4. Capsules, showing the hairy Style and capitate Stigma: one of them burst, 
 showing the situation of the seeds. 
 
fr idk, <U 
 
 y'v/ Ly Jb fjuj&.a, Jz^nj> y / ItylL, 
 
 jf. Jb>ZJU6y trCuJfV' 
 
61 
 
 HESPERIS fragrans. 
 
 Evening-Scented Rocket . 
 
 Natural Order. Crucifers. 
 p. 139. 
 
 DC. reg . veg. syst. nat. v . 2. 
 
 Subordo II. Notorhizeje. Cotyledones planes, incum- 
 bentes. Radicula dorsalis. Semina ovata, immarginata. 
 DC. p. 150. 
 
 Tribus VII. SlSYMBREJE seu NOTORHIZEJE SiLIQUOSJE. 
 
 HESPERIS . Calyx clausus, bisaccatus. Petala ungui- 
 culata, limbo patente obtuso aut emarginato. Stamina libera, 
 tetradynama. Glandules virides, subannulat®, ad basin sta- 
 minum lateralium. Siliqua stricta subtetragona aut compressa, 
 stigmatibus 2 erectis sessilibus conniventibus terminata. Semina 
 oblonga, subtriquetra, pendula, 1 serialia. Cotyledones plan® 
 incumbentes. Herb® annues , biennes perennesve ; radice fibro- 
 sa; caule tereti erecto aut diffuso. Folia ovato-lanceolata aut 
 oblonga , dentata aut lyrato-runcinata . Plant® pleresque pilis 
 aliis lymphaticis simplicibus ramosisve , aliis pressertim ad apicem 
 pilis glandulosis instructes et inde quasi bituminoses . Racemi 
 terminates , ebracteati, erecti. Pedicelli filiformes , post anthesin 
 non incrassati. Flores albi aut pur pur ascent es, sespe versico - 
 lores, interdum odorati. DC. v. 2. p. 446. 
 
 Sect. I. HESPERIS. Petalorum limbi lineares, sordide ex 
 albido flavo-purpurascentes, vespere odorati. Siliqua valvis 
 carinatis subanceps, septo fungoso. 
 
 H. fragrans, pedicellis villosis calyce villosissimo duplo brevio- 
 ribus, petalorum laminis oblongis undulatis, foliis inferioribus 
 petiolatis runcinato-lanceolatis obtusiusculis : superioribus 
 subsessilibus ovatis acuminatis basi grosse dentatis. 
 
 Hes peris fragrans. Fischer Mss. 
 
 Biennial. Stem erect, not much branched, thickly 
 clothed with soft villous down, and longer hairs inter- 
 mixed. Leaves runcinate, villosely hispid, roughish ; 
 lower ones petiolate, lanceolate, bluntish, segments or 
 
 R 
 
teeth pointed, the lowermost longest; upper ones nearly 
 sessile, or on very short footstalks, ovate, taper-pointed, 
 sharply toothed at the base, and entire from about 
 the middle. Racemes elongated, many-flowered, 
 thickly clothed with long villous hairs, and smaller 
 ones intermixed- Bractes none. Pedicles short, 
 scarcely half the length of the calyx, villous. Calyx 
 of 4 sepals, closed, 2-gibbous at the base, bearded at 
 the point ; sepals linearly lanceolate, slightly keeled, 
 green, tinged with purple, villous. Petals 4, unguis 
 about the length of the sepals ; lamina oblong, undu- 
 late, terminating in a very short bluntish mucro, a 
 little longer than the unguis, of a dull purple, reticu- 
 lately veined. Stamens 6 , 4 long and 2 short, enclosed 
 in the calyx ; filaments obliquely flattened at the base, 
 and narrowing upwards ; anthers sagittate. Siliqua 
 villosely hispid, terminated by 2 connivent 2-lobed 
 Stigmas . 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant communicated 
 to us by our friend, Mr. W. Anderson, Curator of the 
 Apothecaries’ Garden, at Chelsea, where it was raised 
 from seed sent him by Dr. Fischer, of the Royal 
 Botanic Garden, St. Petersburgh, under the name 
 that we have adopted ; we do not find it recorded in 
 either of the late publications of M. Decandolle, and 
 believe it has not been before published ; it is a hardy 
 biennial, flowering the second season after being sown. 
 It may either be sown in the open ground, or in pots ; 
 and is particularly suited for the latter, as it can then 
 be moved into or near a room, as its agreeable fra- 
 grance is delightful of an evening, though it is quite 
 destitute of scent during the day. It thrives well in a 
 rich garden soil, and is only to be propagated by seeds ; 
 the young plants should be transplanted as soon as 
 possible, or they will be likely to damp off. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Petal. 3. The 6 Stamens, 4 long, and 2 short. 4. The 
 young Siliqua terminated by its 2 bilobed Stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
fl-uJr iy / 7QQ-L,. 
 
 lA Jl adcy sK^dfi, 
 
62 
 
 HABENARIA bracteata. 
 
 Long~bracted Habenaria . 
 
 Natural Order. Orchidea:. Brown prodr. 309. 
 
 Sect. I. MoNANDRiE. Anthera adnata subterminalis per- 
 sisted. Pollinis masses, e lobulis angulatis elastice cohaeren- 
 tibus ; basi affixae. Brown in Hort . Kew . ed. 2. v. 5. p. 188. 
 
 HA BEN ARIA. Perianthium ringens, foliolis 3. v. 5 in 
 galea conniventibus. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum v. sub- 
 saccatum. Anthera terminalis, loculis adnatis, basibus quando- 
 que solutis elongatis. Massce Pollinis pedicellatae, pedicellis 
 singulis basi glandulae respondenti nudaei insertis. Brown 
 prodr. 312. 
 
 H. bracteata , cornu abbreviato didymo, labello lineari retuso- 
 tridentato : lateralibus obtusis ; medio obsoleto, bracteis flore 
 duplo longioribus. Brown in Hort . Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 192. 
 Orchis bracteata. Willden. sp. pi. 4. p. 34. Pursh Flor. 
 
 Amer. Sept. 2. p. 587. 
 
 Orchis bractealis. Salisb. pardis. 110. 
 
 SaUrium bracteatum. Pers. syn . 2. p. 507. 
 
 Perennial. Root palmate. Stem about a span 
 high, leafy, furrowed, angular. Leaves channelled, 
 clasping the stem, keeled and nerved underneath, 
 bluntish ; lower ones oblong ; upper ones lanceolate, 
 more pointed. Spikes short, in our specimen 9-flowered. 
 Hractes linearly lanceolate, channelled, bluntish, about 
 double the length of the flowers. Flowers green, 
 scentless, erect, or scarcely nodding. Germen channel- 
 led, twisted. Perianthium ringent ; three outer leaflets 
 ovate, obtuse, the middle one rather the shortest and 
 narrowest ; two inner ones narrowly lanceolate, bluntish. 
 Labellum broadly linear, point slightly 3-toothed, the 
 teeth blunt, and the middle one shortest. Spur or 
 
 r 2 
 
•pouch at the base of the Labellum, short and inflated, 
 2-lobed, of a transparent flesh-colour. Anther joined 
 to the point of the stigma ; lobes diverging, and opening 
 in front for the exclusion of the Pollen masses , which 
 are pedicled and attached at the base. 
 
 This curious plant was imported from North Ame- 
 rica last Winter, and was procured for Mr. Colvill, 
 with several other Orchideous plants from the same 
 country, by Mr. George Charlwood. It thrives well 
 with us at present in a pot of red sandy loam, and we 
 are in hopes that it will ripen its seeds. The seeds of 
 the different species of Orchidese have been generally 
 supposed to be very difficult to make grow, but we 
 have succeeded well in raising some of them, and have 
 no doubt but the whole might be raised in the same 
 way ; we have now a pot of seedlings of Cymbidium 
 ensifolium thriving very well, and we managed them 
 in the following manner : in October last; we filled a 
 pot with peat earth, within half an inch of the brim, 
 we then planted it all over with small turfs of very 
 short moss, on the moss we scattered our seeds, and 
 washed them in between the blades with watering 
 them ; we then placed them in the hothouse, and 
 managed them in the same manner as any other com- 
 mon seeds, watering them occasionally when dry ; the 
 moss continued to grow, and the latter end of April 
 the young plants began to make their appearance, and 
 others still continue to show themselves. If sown in 
 any other way, we think them not so likely to succeed, 
 the seed being so very small, that they will soon lose 
 their vegetating quality. 
 
 1. Germen. 2. The 5 leaflets of the Perianthium. 3. Labellum, showing 
 its 3 short blunt teeth. 4. Spur or Pouch. 5. Anther, showing its diverging 
 lobes, each burst, showing the pedicled Pollen masses attached to the base, and 
 freed from the Anther, all magnified. 
 

 / 14 4 . * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 • . 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 V. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
63 
 
 SCHIZANTHUS pinnatus. 
 
 Winged-leaved Schizanthus. 
 
 Natural Order. ScrophulariNjE. Brown prodr. 433. 
 Sect. I. Stamina duo antherifera. Capsula bilocularis. 
 SCHIZANTHUS. Corolla irregularis: labio superiore 
 quinquefido; inferiore tripartito. Stamina 2 antherifera; 
 2sterilia; filamentis villosis. Capsula bilocularis. 
 
 S. pinnatus , foliis interrupte pinnatis : inferioribus bipinnatis, 
 floribus paniculatis : racemis secundis. 
 
 Schizanthus pinnatus. Flor. peruv. 1. p. 13 t. 17. Pers. 
 syn. 2. p. 161. Botan . regist. 725. Botan. magaz. 2404. 
 Hooker exot. flor. 73. 
 
 Annual. Stem from 2 to 3 feet high, erect, much 
 branched ; branches slender, thickly clothed with soft 
 villous glandular hairs, and terminated with a panicle 
 of flowers. Leaves interruptedly pinnate, more or less 
 hairy; lower ones bipinnate with smaller leaflets 
 intermixed ; leaflets oblong, very blunt, more or less 
 toothed with blunt rounded teeth ; upper leaves pinna- 
 tifid, those near the flowers entire, oblong, obtuse, 
 more sharply toothed, very hairy. Flowers in panicles, 
 or compound secund racemes, terminating the stem, 
 varying in colour on different plants. Bractes 2, at 
 the base of the pedicle, one double the size of the 
 other, oblong, obtuse, very hairy. Pedicles slender, 
 nodding. Calyx 5-parted, segments unequal, oblong, 
 obtuse, fringed. Corolla irregular; upper lip 5-cleft, 
 side laciniae forked, those again notched, the upper 
 one entire, or slightly emarginate ; lower lip 3-parted, 
 outer laciniae falcate, bending towards each other, 
 their points truncate, middle one concave, connivent, 
 enclosing the stamens, which are elastic, and spring 
 
towards the stigma as soon as touched. Stamens 4, 
 inserted in the mouth, 2 barren, and 2 bearing anthers; 
 sterile filaments short, very villous ; fertile ones longer, 
 slightly hairy, and elastic, springing upwards as soon 
 as touched ; anthers attached to the filament, a little 
 above their base, 2-celled, discharging their pollen by 
 the spring of the filament. Pollen ash-coloured. 
 Germen smooth. Style smooth, purple. Stigma a 
 simple point. 
 
 This very beautiful annual plant is a great acqui- 
 sition to our gardens, where it has been lately intro* 
 duced. Seeds of it were first brought to this country 
 by Lady Cochrane, and they have now found their 
 way into many collections ; the plant from which our 
 drawing was made, was presented to Mr. Colvill, by 
 the late J. Walker, Esq. of Arno’s Grove, Southgate, 
 who raised it from seed ; we find it succeeds well in 
 the open air, where it makes a grand appearance, and 
 continues in full bloom for a considerable time ; our 
 plants grew to the height of 3 feet, branching out in an 
 elegant manner, and ripened their seeds. Cuttings of 
 them were taken off in September, and planted under 
 hand-glasses in the open ground, where they soon 
 rooted ; we then planted them in small pots, and pre- 
 served them in the greenhouse through the Winter ; 
 in March they began to flower, and are now covered 
 with flowers and seeds. 
 
 Seeds sown in pots early in Spring, and placed in a 
 greenhouse, or frame, will flower much earlier than 
 those sown in the open ground ; a rich light soil suits 
 them best, and a sheltered situation, as their tender 
 shoots are apt to be broken by rough winds if they 
 are too much exposed. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. The lower lip of the Corolla divided from the upper, to show 
 the insertion of the 2 fertile Stamens. 3. The upper lip, showing the 2 barren 
 Stamens. 4. Fertile Stamen detached. 5. Barren ditto. 6. Capsule nearly 
 ripe. 7. Style and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
1 182 . 1 + 
 
64 
 
 RENEALMIA grandiflora. 
 
 Largest-flowered Renealmia. 
 
 Natural Order . Iridea:. Brown prodr . 302. 
 RENEALMIA . Perianthium 6-partitum, regulare ; foliolis 
 interioribus majoribus, basi angustatis. Filamenta infra connata 
 v. distincta, supra patentia. Stigmata 3, involuta-filiformia, 
 acuta. Capsula obovato-clavata. Semina angulata. Inflores- 
 centia subpaniculata, fasciculorum spathis abbreviatis. 
 
 Herbae sylvicolce , glabrte. Radix fibrosa , nunc e rhizomate. 
 Folia graminea , laxa, nervosa . Caulis teretiusculus quandoque 
 divisus. Fasciculi alterni, umbellati, spathis persistentibus . 
 Perianthium album , patulum , deciduum ; foliolis exteriori- 
 
 bus exJws scepius virescentibus ; interioribus scepe unguiculatis . 
 Capsula membranacea. Semina biseriata , a£ra. Brown prodr. 
 Addenda, p. 591. 
 
 R. grandiflora , caule paniculato, foliis (10-18-unc.) nervosis 
 margine scabriuscuiis, perianthii foliolis exterioribus ovali- 
 oblongis : interioribus 3-plo majoribus obovato-oblongis sub- 
 unguiculatis, filamentis basi connatis. 
 
 Renealmia granditlora. Brown prodr . ADDENDA in Obs . 
 
 Perennial. Stem short, much branched at the base. 
 Leaves fan-like or distichous, sheathing at the base, 
 narrowly sword-shaped, taper-pointed, roughish on 
 the edges, many-nerved, of a lively green edged with a 
 yellowish-brown, from 10 to 18 inches in length ; 
 sheaths membranaceous, of a brownish orange colour. 
 Scape erect, scarcely as long as the leaves, nearly 
 cylindrical or slightly flattened, smooth, of a purplish 
 colour. Flowers white, panicled. Sheaths leaf-like, 
 lower one longer than the pedicles, upper ones shorter. 
 Pedicles cylindrical, gradually thickening upwards, of 
 a purplish colour, with a small membranaceous bracte 
 attached near the base. Germen bluntly trigonal, 
 uneven. Perianthium 6-parted, seated on the ger- 
 men; outer leaflets oval or oblong, bearded at the 
 
point, white with a purple keel down the back ; inner 
 leaflets obovately-oblong, slightly emarginate, narrowed 
 at the base, 3 or 4 times larger than the outer ones. 
 Stamens 3 ; filaments slightly connected at the base, 
 flat, tapering upwards; anthers sagittate, 2-celled. 
 Style short, smooth. Stigmas 3, flat, tapering to a 
 point. 
 
 The present subject is a native of New Zealand, 
 where seeds of it were collected by Mr. John 
 Richardson, who disposed of them and numerous 
 other seeds of new and very rare plants from that 
 country and New Holland, to Mr. Colvill, and plants 
 raised from them are now in Mr. C.’s collection ; many 
 of which have flowered. There are now in flower 
 Boronia serrulata, a new species of Podolobium, and 
 a beautiful new plant from King George’s Sound, we 
 believe a new species of Callistachys. Many other 
 interesting plants from the same collection we expect to 
 see flower this season, which, we presume, will still vex 
 Billy Aiton, and his staunch radical friend old 
 Cobbett ! ! 
 
 Several plants of the present species were planted 
 out in the open ground last Spring, where they have 
 remained to the present time, and have received no 
 injury from the Winter, but are growing as freely as 
 those that have been protected in a greenhouse ; the 
 one from which our drawing was taken, flowered in 
 April, but from the appearance of the plant we suspect 
 it will bloom at various seasons. It grows freely in a 
 rich light soil, and may be increased by dividing at the 
 root, or by seeds. 
 
 Mr. Brown was so obliging as to favour us with a 
 sight of a drawing from a native specimen ; in this the 
 plant was much stronger, the flowers larger, and the 
 panicle 4 times the size of ours, so that it will become 
 a handsome plant when of larger growth. 
 
 1. Outer leaflet of the Perianthuun, showing its fringed point. 2. Inner 
 ditto, showing its narrow base. 3. The 3 Stamens spread open, showing their 
 slight connection at the base. 4. Style terminated by 3 flat spreading Stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' : 
 
 ' 
 
 ■ 
 
 ' 
 
 ■ 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
65 
 
 
65 
 
 ORCHIS spectabilis. 
 
 Showy American Orchis. 
 
 Natural Order. OrchidEjE. Brown prodr. 309. 
 
 Sect. I. MoNANDRiE. Anthera adnata subterminalis per- 
 sisted. Pollinis massed e lobulis angulatis elastice cohaerenti- 
 bus : basi affix*. Brown in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. j p. 188. 
 
 ORCHIS. Perianthium ringed. Labellum basi subtus 
 calcaratum. Glandules (1-2) pedicellorum pollinis inclusae 
 cucullo unico. Brown . 
 
 O. spectabilis , labello obovato indiviso crenulato retuso, foliolis 
 perianthii conniventibus rectis : lateralibus longioribus, cornu 
 clavato longitudine germinis, bracteis flore longioribus, scapo 
 acute 5-angulo subaphyllo. 
 
 Orchis spectabilis. Willden. sp. pi. 4. p. 36. Pers. syn . 2. 
 p. 506. Pursk. fl. amer . sept. 2. p. 587. Nuttall gen. 
 amer. 2. p. 189. Lodd. bot. cab. 78. 
 
 Orchis humilis. Mich. Jlor. amer. 2. p. 155. Pers. syn. 2. 
 p. 506. 
 
 Root , in our plant, fasciculate, (palmate, according 
 to Nuttall.) Leaves 2, large, roundly oval, reticulately 
 veined underneath, smooth and shining above. Scape 
 acutely 5-sided, leafless, (sometimes producing a leaf, 
 Nuttall.) few-flowered. Bractes large, leaf-like, lan- 
 ceolate, obtuse, overtopping the flowers. Flowers 
 large, violet-scented, all facing one side. Germen 
 angular, slightly twisted, bent towards the flower. 
 Leaflets of the Perianthium con ni vent and adhering, 
 of a light purple on the outside, and darker within ; 
 side ones rather the longest. Labellum white, or 
 slightly tinged with blush, broadly ovate, crenulate, 
 
 s 
 
slightly retuse. Spur compressed, blunt, or club- 
 shaped at the point, about the length of the germen. 
 Stamen attached to the point of the stigma, the 2 lobes 
 diverging. Pollen masses pedicled, and covered with 
 a hood. 
 
 Our drawing of this rare and handsome plant, was 
 made at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill ; it had been lately 
 imported from North America, and was procured for 
 Mr. C. by Mr. George Charlwood. The plants were 
 potted in a very sandy red loam, where they flowered 
 strong, and are appearing to thrive very well, and 
 we have little doubt but the whole of the Orchideous 
 plants might be managed as well as any others, by 
 proper attention ; many of them, we think, would 
 succeed well in a frame, or pit, and to be covered 
 occasionally with glass, particularly when the weather 
 was very wet, as moisture is much more injurious to 
 them than cold ; the soil should be prepared for them 
 according to the different species ; the greater number 
 succeeds best in light sandy loam, a few species 
 prefer peat, and many are fond of a chalky soil, which 
 could be imitated by pounding or grinding chalk, and 
 mixing it with the other mould ; the bed should be 
 made a little sloping, that the wet may pass more 
 readily off. Some of the sorts that prefer chalky hills, 
 might be planted on a little mount made of chalk, and 
 covered with sandy loam mixed with powdered chalk ; 
 in such a situation, we believe many of them would 
 thrive well. 
 
 J. Part of tlie Flower-stem, to show the 6 angles. 2. Germen. 3. The 
 3 outer leaflets of the Perianthium. 4. The 2 inner leaflets. 5. Labellum. 
 0. Spur. 7. Anther, showing its diverging lobes covered with a hood. 8. The 
 same divested of the hood, showing its pedicled pollen masses attached to 
 2 little glands at the base. 
 

 
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66 
 
 WULFENIA carinthiaca. 
 
 Carinthian Wulfenia. 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophu larina;. Brown prodr. 433. 
 Sect . I. Stamina duo antherifera. Capsula bilocularis. 
 WULFENIA. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla ringens : labio 
 superiore brevi integro; inferiore 3-partito, fauce barbata. 
 Capsula 2-locularis. Folia radicalia obovata obtusa, Flores 
 pedunculate secundi , ccerulei. 
 
 Wulfenia carinthiaca. Jacq. miscell. 2. p. 62. t. 8. f. 1. Icon . 
 rar. 1. t. 2. Pers. syn . 1. p. 14. Willd. enum. 1. p. 24. 
 Rcem. et Schult . 1. 177. Link enum. 1. p. 27. Hort. sub. 
 lond. Addenda. 
 
 Peederota Wulfenia. Lamarck encycl. t. 13./. 2. 
 
 Perennial . Leaves radical, tufted, spreading flat 
 on the ground, younger ones erect, obovate, obtuse, 
 slender at the base, notched with rounded blunt cre- 
 natures, which are again slightly notched. Scape 
 erect, smooth, leafy ; the leaves small, sessile, clasping 
 the stem, acute, margins bent backwards. Spike 
 at first nodding, afterwards becoming erect, and grow- 
 ing to a considerable length. Flowers of a bright 
 blue, leaning to one side. Pedicles short. Calyx 
 5-parted ; laciniae unequal, lanceolate, acute. Corolla 
 ringent ; upper lip short, entire, slightly crenulate ; 
 lower lip 3-parted, densely bearded in the mouth, 
 segments rounded, with a small point, side ones 
 largest. Stamens 2, inserted in the tube, and included 
 within the mouth : filaments smooth ; anthers incum- 
 
 s 2 
 
bent; pollen ash-coloured. Style smooth, exserted. 
 Stigma capitate. 
 
 For the opportunity of giving a figure of this rare 
 plant, we are obliged to A. B. Lambert, Esq. who 
 sent us a fine plant of it in full bloom, that had been 
 grown at his seat at Boyton. Large plants of it make 
 a handsome appearance, when covered with numerous 
 spikes of beautiful blue flowers, which last a con- 
 siderable time. Our drawing was taken about the 
 middle of April, and other spikes continued to flower 
 till near the end of May. It succeeds well in a rich 
 loamy soil in a sheltered situation, and may be in- 
 creased by dividing at the root, or by seeds. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, to show its bearded mouth, and the inser- 
 tion of the stamens. 3. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
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67 
 
 PEDICULARIS canadensis. 
 
 Canadian Pedicularis . 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophularina:. Brown prodr. 433. 
 
 Sect. II. Stamina 4 antherifera. 
 
 PEDICULARIS. Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla ringens. Cap- 
 sula bilocularis, mucronata, obliqua. Semina tunicata. Folia 
 opposita aut alterna t simplicia aut scepius pinnata ; jlores op- 
 positi aut alterni, bracteati , spicati terminates. 
 
 P. canadensis , caule simplici, foliis pinnatifidis inciso-dentatis, 
 capitulo basi folioso hirsuto, corollis galea setaceo-bidentata, 
 calycibus deorsum truncatis. Pursh ffl. amer. 2. p. 425. 
 Pedicularis canadensis. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p. 211. Pers. 
 syn. 2. p. 153. 
 
 Perennial. Stems several from the same plant, 
 erect, simple, of a purplish colour, thickly clothed 
 with soft white hairs, particularly on the upper part. 
 Leaves alternate, lanceolate, pinnatifid, hairy : seg- 
 ments on the lower ones incised, or deeply toothed 
 with bluntish rounded segments or teeth, which are 
 again toothed ; upper leaves more shallowly and 
 sharper toothed with numerous small teeth. Petioles 
 deeply channelled on the upper side, and rounded on 
 the lower, hairy. Flowers in a short spike, or head, 
 pale yellow, tinged with purple. Bractes leaf-like, 
 toothed, villous at the base, the upper ones shortest. 
 Calyx inflated, truncate downwards, emarginate, an- 
 gular, villous. Corolla ringent : helmet flat, toothed 
 
near the point with 2 sharp setiform teeth ; lower lip 
 3-lobed, side lobes ovate-rounded, erect, the middle 
 one reflexed. Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, 2 rather 
 longer than the others ; the 2 longest filaments are 
 hairy, the others smooth. Style smooth, exserted, 
 terminated with a small capitate stigma. 
 
 A native of North America, from whence plants of 
 it were received last Autumn, by Mr. Colvill, from 
 one of which our drawing was made the beginning of 
 May. We planted them in a mixture of sandy loam 
 and peat, principally the latter ; and they are now in 
 a flourishing state, and appear likely to increase at 
 the root. Pursh mentions it as growing in woods and 
 meadows, from Canada to Carolina; and it appears 
 to us to be fond of moisture, and to prefer a shady 
 situation. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of the stamens, and 
 the 2 teeth on the upper part of the helmet. 3. Back view of the lower lip, 
 showing the reflexed middle lobe. 4. Stamen detached, showing the hairy 
 filament. 5. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 
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68 
 
 IRIS verna. 
 
 Vernal American Iris. 
 
 Natural Order. Iride^e. Brown prodr. 302. 
 
 IRIS. Perianthium 6-partitum magnum : laciuiis 3 alternis 
 rectis ; 3 alternis reflexis intus barbatis aut imberbibus basi 
 staminiferis. Stylus brevis; stigmata 3 petaloidea, oblonga, 
 magna, staminibus incumbentia, sulco longitudinali nectarifero 
 marginato supra exarata. 
 
 I. verna, imberbis, acaulis, uniflora, foliis lineari-ensiformibus 
 rigidis acutis glaucescentibus, perianthii laciniis subaequa- 
 libus, capsulis obsolete trigonis. 
 
 Iris verna. Mich. ffl. amer. 1. p. 22. Willden. sp. pi. 1. 
 
 p. 235. Pers. syn. 1. p . 53. 
 
 Iris verna? Nutt. gen. amer . 1. p. 23. 
 
 Roots scarcely tuberous, creeping, reddish. Leaves 
 radical, linearly-ensiform, rigidly coriaceous, acute, 
 margined, slightly glaucous, tinged with red at the 
 base ; in our plant, a foot in length. Scape 1 -flowered, 
 sessile, or nearly so, sheathed at the base with short 
 leaf-like bractes. Germen attenuated, slightly trique- 
 trous. Tube of the Perianthium slightly but bluntly 
 triangular, about 2 inches long ; lacinice jointed on the 
 tube, inner and outer divisions nearly equal, with long 
 slender ungues, oblong-obovate, of a beautiful bright 
 blue, the 3 exterior marked with an oblong orange- 
 yellow stripe, edged and spotted with black, and 
 having a central slightly raised, scarcely villous line ; 
 inner ones of one colour, at first connivent, afterwards 
 spreading flat like the outer ones. Stamens 3, inserted 
 
in the base of the laciniae, at the summit of the tube. 
 Style short. Stigmas 3, petal-like, linearly-oblong, 
 deeply bifid and toothed at the edges, keeled in- 
 wards. 
 
 We think there can scarcely be any doubt but the 
 present subject is the real I. verna , which has been 
 so long a desideratum in our collections ; it is certainly 
 Mr. NuttalPs plant, though he describes the roots as 
 tuberous, which ours scarcely is, but is more of a 
 creeping nature^ I. verna of Pursh is probably a 
 different plant, though his description agrees pretty 
 well with the present, except in the capsule being 
 subrotund, which in ours is bluntly 3-sided ; the 
 colour of the flowers is also said to be light blue, 
 striped with purple ; Mr. Colvill received plants of 
 the present species, last Autumn, from North Ame- 
 rica, with some others, one of which is said to 
 be the I. tridentata of Pursh, but it has not yet 
 flowered. 
 
 In our opinion, the present species is by far the most 
 beautiful of all the dwarf sorts, and appears to grow 
 as freely as any of them, when planted in a rich 
 light soil, flowering the beginning of May ; it also 
 possesses a considerable degree of fragrance, and may 
 be increased by dividing at the root. 
 
 1. Peduncle. 2. Germen. 3. Tube of the Perianthiuin. 4. One of the 
 outer laciniae of ditto, showing the insertion of the stamen at its base. 5. The 
 3 Stamens. 6. Back view of the Stigma. 
 

 
 
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69 
 
 VIOLA pedata. 
 
 Cut -leaved Violet . 
 
 Natural Order. Violauie.E. DC. prodr. syst. nat. 1. 
 p. 287. 
 
 VIOLA. Calycis sepala inaequalia, omnia plus minus deor- 
 sum in appendices auriculaeformes (e dilatationibus nervorum 
 prodeuntes) producta, post anthesin erecta. Petala inaequalia, 
 aestivatione convolutiva, ungue trinervi ; inferius deorsum in 
 calcar cavum plus minus productum. Stamina approximata 
 aut coarctata (nec coalita) ad apicem dentium tori pentagoni 
 5-dentati inserta. Filamenta basi dilatata oblonga vel triangu- 
 laria, antheras demissids gerentia ; lobi antherarum basi diver- 
 gentes, stamina 2 anteriora dorso appendices varias nectariferas 
 in calcar intrantes gerentia. Ovarium nunc superum, nunc 
 basi toro concavo cinctum et ided semi-inferum. Valvulce 
 capsulae elasticae post maturationem contractae semina ejicien- 
 tes; semina horizontalia manifeste carunculata, plus minds 
 ovoidea et nitida. Embryo oblongus, radicula teretiuscula, 
 cotyledones saepius oblongo-orbiculatae planiusculae radicula vix 
 longiores. — Herbae plerumque perennes , rarissime annuce f nunc 
 caule brevissimo vel subterraneo , unde acaules dieted , nunc cau- 
 lescentes vel suffrutices parvi ; folia alterna marcescentia ; pe- 
 dunculi solitarii axillares uniflori t 2-bracteolati non articulati , 
 apice rejlexi ; flores cernui ; folia seminalia oblonga ovatave , 
 petiolata ; primordialia opposita t sed rard coetanea. DC. loc . 
 cit. p. 291. 
 
 Sect. I. NOMIMJUM. Stigma rostratum, foraminulo ad 
 extremitatem rostri sito ; rostrum plus minds recurvum, nunc 
 deorsum marginatum et tunc planiusculum et obliquum, nunc 
 absque margine et tunc deorsum convexiusculum. Stylus ab 
 apice ad basin attenuatus. Stamina oblonga approximata. To- 
 rus planiusculus. Capsula saepius trigona. Semina 15-27. 
 Folia seminalia ssepe obovata vel oblonga. 
 
 §. I. Stigmatibus apice depressis, aut deorsum in orbem 
 marginatis ; caulibus subnullis. 
 
 * Truncis radiciformibus ( Rhizomatibus ? ) dentatis pliis 
 minusve carnosis , scepius obliquis. DC. loc. cit. 
 
 V. pedata , stigmate incrassato hinc oblique truncato; rostro 
 brevissimo, foliis pellucido-punctatis palmatisectis, stipulis 
 pectinatim laceris longe adhaerentibus, petalis omnibus gla- 
 bris. DC. loc. cit . 
 
 Viola pedata. Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 1160. Pursh. fl. amer. 1. 
 p. 171. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 145. Botan. magaz. 89. 
 Andrews reposit . 153. Pers. syn. 1. p. 254. 
 
 T 
 
Stemless . Leaves pedate, many parted : segments 
 linearly lanceolate or slightly wedge-shaped, entire or 
 toothed near the point, attenuated to the base, pellu- 
 cid ly-punctate with numerous small dots, finely 
 ciliate. Petioles gradually tapering upwards, furrowed 
 with 2 small channels on the upper side, and angu- 
 lar on the lower. Stipules ciliate or lacerate, taper- 
 pointed, joined to the base of the footstalks. Pe- 
 duncles bearing 2 subulate taper-pointed keeled bractes 
 a little above the base, furrowed, sometimes not so 
 long, at other times longer than the leaf. Calyx of 5 
 sepals, slightly unequal, lanceolately subulate, taper- 
 pointed, eared at the base. Petals 5, alternating with 
 the sepals, oblongly obovate, spreading, the 2 upper 
 ones slightly recurved, the lower one broadest, slightly 
 emarginate, all of them smooth, (not bearded,) of a 
 light purplish blue, with scarcely darker veins ; the 
 lower one with a light mark near the base. Stamens 
 5, inserted in the receptacle, alternate with the petals : 
 anthers 2-celled, joined to the filaments by their back ; 
 filaments a little dilated at the base, and terminating 
 above the anthers in a dry blunt yellowish membrane. 
 Germen smooth. Style smooth. Stigma large and 
 thick, compressed at the sides, obliquely truncate, 
 beaked, the small beak fixed in a little pit near the 
 point. 
 
 Several strong plants of this beautiful species of 
 Violet were received, last autumn, by Mr. Colvill, from 
 North America; from one of those our drawing was 
 taken last spring; it is a very variable plant, different 
 individuals varying very much in the breadth and 
 division of their leaves, and also in the length of their 
 peduncles. It appears to thrive well with us in a 
 sandy peat soil, where it makes a very handsome ap- 
 pearance with its divided leaves and large blue 
 flowers. It may be increased by seeds, or separating 
 at the root. 
 
 1. The 5 Stamens spread open, to show the insertion of the anther to the 
 back of the filament, the filament terminating beyond it in a dry yellowish 
 membrane. 2. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 
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70 
 
 PiEONIA lobata. 
 
 Lobed-leaved Pceony . 
 
 Natural Order . Ranunculacea:. DC, syst. v. 1. p. 127. 
 Trib. V.? PMONIACEJE. Antherae introrsae ; an ordo pro- 
 prius. DC. prodr . 1. p. 64. 
 
 PMONIA. Supra fol. 19. 
 
 Sect. II. PjEON. Caulis berbaceus. Discus vix aut non 
 expanses et carpella ima basi tantdm circumdantia. 
 
 P. lobata f herbacea, carpellis tomentosis erectiusculis, foliorum 
 segmfentis glabris decurrentibus pinnatipartitis apice triloba- 
 tis. DC. prodr, 1. p. 66. 
 
 Pa3onia$obata. Desf. cat. hort. par. 126. DC. syst. 1. p. 39. 
 
 . '-i ■ ■■ 
 
 Stem erect, from 18 inches to two feet high, smooth. 
 Leaves ternate: leaflets pinnatifid, smooth or slightly 
 pubescent underneath, with a few small hairs scattered 
 here and there on the nerves, decurrent : segments 
 ovate or oblong, bluntish, generally 3-lobed or toothed, 
 but sometimes entire ; nerves underneath much 
 branched, prominent. Petioles smooth, channelled 
 on the upper side, and rounded on the lower. Pe- 
 duncle furrowed, gradually thickening upwards. In- 
 volucre leaf-like, bractes 3-parted or entire, lanceolate, 
 acute. Calyx of 5 sepals: outer ones longest and 
 narrowest, acute : inner ones orbicular, concave, edged 
 with red. Petals 8, bright red, inclining to scarlet, 
 with a white mark on one of the outer ones, nearly 
 orbicular, hollow or cupped inward, slightly notched 
 at the edges, outer ones largest. Stamens numerous, 
 surrounding the germens : filaments smooth, red at 
 
 t 2 
 
the base, and pale upwards, inserted in the base of 
 the anthers. Germens 2 or 3, erect, or slightly curved 
 inwards, thickly clothed with a shining white silky 
 tomentum. Stigmas red, crested, undulate. 
 
 Our drawing of this handsome species of Paeony 
 was taken at the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley, Brames, 
 and Milne, last summer; they had imported it from 
 France, as the P. lobata of M. Decandolle, which we 
 think there is no doubt but it really is, though some 
 people think otherwise, the leaves being slightly hairy, 
 whereas he describes them as smooth ; in the speci- 
 mens that we examined, the young leaves were slightly 
 hairy, but the older ones were quite smooth ; in every 
 other respect it agreed exactly with the description in 
 his Prodomus, where he has divided from it the 
 P. Russi f which, in his former work, he had given as a 
 synonym ; this is now ranked with the pubescent 
 species, and we believe it to be the plant received from 
 the Botanical Garden at Liverpool as a variety of 
 P. arietinay with which it agrees in the character of 
 its recurved germens. 
 
 The present plant is at present very scarce in the 
 collections about London, and is consequently rather 
 expensive ; it is as hardy as any of the common sorts, 
 and grows freely in the common garden soil. It may 
 be increased by dividing at the root. 
 
 1. Segment of one of the lower leaves^ showing its lobed point. 2. Stamens 
 detached, showing the red base of the nlaments. 3. Germens, showing their 
 dense silky down, terminated with their red crested stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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71 
 
 CYPRIPEDIUM pubescens. 
 
 Yellow Downy Ladies' Slipper. 
 
 Natural Order. Orchide^e. Brown prodr. 309. 
 
 Sect. VI. DlANDRJS. Stamina 2 antherifera. 
 
 CYPRIPEDIUM. Perianthium 4-phyllum, patens : folio- 
 la 2 antica saepius connata. Labellum ventricosum, inflatum 
 (nunc saccatum.) Columna postice terminata lobo petaloideo 
 (stamine sterili,) antheras distinguente. 
 
 C. pubescens , caule folioso, lobo styli triangulari-oblongo obtuso, 
 perianthii foliolis exterioribus ovato-oblongis acuminatis : 
 interioribus linearibus conlortis basi intus subbarbatis, labello 
 nervoso foliolis breviore compresso. 
 
 Cypripedium pubescens. Willden. sp. pi. 4. p. 143. Hort. 
 berol. 1. t. 13. Pers. syn. 2. p. 525. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 5. p. 221. Pursh jl. amer. 2. p. 594. 
 
 Cypripedium flavescens. Redoute liliac. 20. 
 
 Stems several from the same root, upright, striate, 
 densely pubescent. Leaves 4 or 5, alternate, sessile, 
 clasping* the stem at the base, spreading, ovate, acute, 
 more or less waved, point slightly twisted, longitu- 
 dinally nerved and plaited, furrowed on the upper side, 
 densely pubescent. Flowers 1 to 3, nodding. Pe- 
 duncle scarcely as long as the leaf, densely pubescent. 
 Bracte 1 , straight, leaf-like, ovate, taper-pointed, 
 shorter than the leaflets of the perianthium. Pedicle 
 short, enclosed in the bracte. Germen angular, curved, 
 not twisted, densely pubescent. Leaflets of the Peri- 
 anthium of a greenish yellow, more or less spotted 
 with brown : 2 outer ones ovate, acuminate, upper one 
 erect, a little twisted, lower one dependent, straight, 
 longer than the labellum ; inner ones longer, broadly 
 
linear, spreading, a little deflexed, twisted, points 
 acute, bearded inside at the base with a tuft of white 
 hairs, but much less so than C . parvijtorum ; outside 
 densely pubescent. Labellum yellow, ribbed, mouth 
 edged with brown, inside elegantly spotted in purple 
 circular lines, bearded at the bottom. Column lobe 
 triangularly oblong, obtuse, smooth, channelled on the 
 upper side, and concave near the point, keeled and 
 channelled underneath, yellow, spotted with brown. 
 Style yellowish white : middle lobe triangularly oblong, 
 obtuse ; side ones short, lanceolately cuneate, bluntish, 
 shorter than the anthers. Anthers 2, nearly orbicular, 
 attached to the side lobes of the style. Pollen waxy, 
 yellow. 
 
 The plant from which our drawing was taken, at 
 the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, was received last autumn 
 from North America; it was planted in a pot of very 
 sandy red loam, where it flowered very strong in the 
 beginning of June. The plants of this genus, as well 
 as of many other Orchideous genera, are at present 
 supposed to be very difficult to cultivate ; but we hope, 
 before long, to be able to give directions for cultivating 
 them, as well as any other plants ; a great many of 
 them are fond of the shade of trees, which should be 
 imitated as much as possible in the cultivation of them. 
 Pursh mentions the present species as growing on 
 sunny fertile hills, among small trees and bushes, 
 generally in rocky situations, from Pennsylvania to 
 Carolina. Introduced into this country in the year 
 1790, by Sir J. Banks ; but still continues scarce, as it 
 is so liable to perish. 
 
 1. Labellum. 2. Front view of the Column lobe. 3. Back view of ditto. 
 4. Front view of the lower lobe of the Style. 5. Back view of ditto, showing 
 the edges of the anthers attached to the 2 upper lobes. 6. 6. The 2 side lobes 
 with the anthers attached to them, front view. 
 
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72 
 
 COREOPSIS tinctoria. 
 
 Dyeing or Arkansa Coreopsis. 
 
 Natural Order. Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 Sect. V. HELTANTHEJE. Kunth Synops. 2. p. 408. 
 COREOPSIS. Supra fol. 10. 
 
 C. tinctoria , foliis oppositis pinnatisectis glabris : inferioribus 
 foliolis ovatis obtusis integris bifidisve ; superioribus lineari- 
 bus obtusis subdivisis, floribus ramoso-paniculatis, foliolis 
 involucri exterioribus brevissimis, akeniis nudis emarginatis. 
 
 Coreopsis tinctoria. Nuttall in the Journal of the Academy of 
 Natural Science of Philadelphia for 1821. p. 144. Barton 
 Flor. N. A mer. vol . 2. f. 45. 
 
 Calliopsis bicolor. Hort. germ. 
 
 Annual. Stem erect, much branched, 2 to 5 feet 
 high. Leaves opposite, somewhat succulent, smooth, 
 at first simple and ovate, the next pinnately parted, 
 with ovate, obtuse leaflets, which are generally entire, 
 but sometimes 2-cleft : upper ones also pinnate or 
 bipinnatifid, the leaflets or segments linear, obtuse, 
 entire or pinnatifid, the terminal one much the longest. 
 Flowers paniculately branching, terminating the branch- 
 lets by twos or threes. Involucre of 2 series, generally 
 8 in each : outer leaflets very short and small, lan- 
 ceolate, obtuse, of a bright green: inner ones much 
 larger, oblongly ovate, membranaceous, bluntish, of a 
 brownish purple. Receptacle convex, paleaceous, 
 warted : chaff filiform, purple, longer than the florets, 
 deciduous. Rays about 8, 3 or 4-lobed, sterile, ob- 
 longly obovate, of a bright golden yellow, with a dark 
 purple spot near the base, which causes an elegant 
 
dark circle round the disk. Florets of the disk nume- 
 rous, fertile, tubular, 5-toothed. Stamens 5 : filaments 
 distinct: anthers connected, of a dark brown, their 
 points exserted. Pollen orange-coloured. Style smooth, 
 longer than the stamens. Stigmas 2, purple, recurved. 
 Seed small, blackish, emarginate, curved, naked at the 
 summit. 
 
 “ Habitat. Throughout the Arkansa territory, to 
 the banks of the red river, chiefly in the prairies, which 
 are subjected to temporary inundation, flowering from 
 June to October.” Nuttall loc. cit. 
 
 This beautiful annual is of recent introduction 
 from North America, and is a valuable acquisition to 
 our collection of hardy annuals, as it appears to be of 
 very free growth, and thrives well in the common 
 garden soil. The seeds may be sown in pots, in a 
 hot-bed frame, or in the green-house, and from thence 
 be planted into the open borders ; or it may be sown in 
 the open ground, the latter end of March, or beginning 
 of April ; but the plants raised in the latter way will 
 not flower so early as the others. If sown in rich soil, 
 the plants will attain the height of 4 or 5 feet; in poorer 
 soil they will be shorter. 
 
 We received seeds of the present species from Ger- 
 many this Spring, under the name of Calliopsis bicolor > 
 from which we have raised a great many plants ; we 
 are also obliged to Professor Treviranus for others 
 sent under the name that we have adopted. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant in the Nursery 
 of the late Mr. James Lee, of Hammersmith ; our de- 
 scription from one at the Apothecaries Company’s 
 Garden at Chelsea 
 
 1. Capitulum cut through the middle, showing the leaflets of the Involucrum. 
 2. Inner view of the same, showing the chaffy receptacle. 3. Floret of the 
 disk. 4. The same split open, to show the distinct filaments, and connected 
 anthers. 5. Gerraen, Style, and Stigma. 
 
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73 
 
 ASTRAGALUS tenuifolius. 
 
 Narrow-leaved Milk-vetch . 
 
 Natural Order . Leguminosa. Juss. gen. 345. 
 
 Div. VI. ( P API LION ACE JE.) Corolla irregularis papilio- 
 nacea. Stamina decern diadelpha. Legumen uniloculare (in 
 Astragalo et Biserrula biloculare) bivalve. Herbes aut frutices 
 aut arbuscules, folia impari-pinnata. Juss. gen. 357. 
 
 ASTRAGALUS. Calyx tubulosus 5 dentatus. Vexillum 
 alis et carina longius. Carina obtusa. Legumen biloculare, 
 aut subbiloculare, sutura inferiore introflexa. 
 
 Suffrutices aut sespius herbae erectes vel prostrates ; folia in 
 Astragalo T. herbaceo impari-pinnata , in Tragacantha T. suf- 
 frutescente abrupt & pinnata petiolo communi spinesformi aceroso 
 longo ; stipulae a petiolo distinctes aut (in Tragacantha) adnata, 
 interdum in unam eidem oppositam coalites ; flores glomerati aut 
 spicati , axillares et terminales. Legumen forma varium. Juss. 
 gen. 358. 
 
 A. tenuifolius, caulescens erectus, foliolis lineari-lanceolatis, 
 spicis oblongis pedunculatis folio longioribus, vexillo alis 
 duplo longiore. Willden. sp . pi. 3. p. 1270. Hort. Kew. 
 ed. 2. v.4. p. 302. non DC. 
 
 Astragalus linearifolius. Pers.syn. 2. p. 336. 
 
 Astragalus Onobrychis, angustifolius. DC. Astray, p. 125. 
 
 Perennial. Stems several from the same root, erect, 
 or when grown in shady situations subdecumbent, from 
 18 inches to 2 feet high, sulcate, and thinly clothed 
 with a dark brown or black pubescence. Leaves 
 pinnate; leaflets 12 or 13 pair, and terminated by an 
 odd one, linearly lanceolate, bluntish, keeled under- 
 neath and channelled above, and clothed with a close- 
 pressed silky pubescence. Petioles channelled on the 
 upper side, and rounded on the lower, clothed with 
 
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short dark hairs, as are the peduncles and calyx. 
 Stipules cordate, acute, membranaceous, surrounding 
 the stem, not adhering to the petioles. Flower-spikes 
 oblong, pedunculate. Peduncles axillary, simple, or 
 in pairs, longer than the leaves, furrowed. Flowers 
 crowded, of a rosy lilac. JBractes lanceolate, taper- 
 pointed, concave, keeled underneath, ciliate. Calyx 
 tubular, 5-toothed, teeth short, erect, lanceolate, acute, 
 the 2 upper ones shortest and deepest. Corolla papi- 
 lionaceous ; vexillum oblong, carinate, double the 
 length of the wings and keel ; alee , or wings , slenderly 
 unguiculate, eared above the unguis ; carina obtuse, 
 also eared at the base. Stamens 10, diadelphous, 
 1 distinct, the others joined at the base with distinct 
 points. Germen and Style smooth. Stigma slightly 
 capitate. 
 
 A beautiful hardy perennial plant, a native of Siberia, 
 and requires no other treatment than to be planted in 
 the open border in the common garden soil, and to be 
 kept free from weeds ; in rich soil it will attain the 
 height of 2 feet, in poorer soil it will be considerably 
 less, flowering in July and August, and ripening its 
 seeds, by which it is increased. Those may be sown 
 early in Spring, either in pots, or in the open ground ; 
 and as soon as the plants are 2 or 3 inches in height, 
 they may be planted where they are to remain, water- 
 ing them occasionally if they require it, and shading 
 them a little at first if the weather prove warm and 
 dry. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a fine plant in the 
 Garden of the Apothecaries’ Company, at Chelsea, in 
 July last. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3. One of the alae, or wings, showing where it is 
 auriculate. 4. Keel, showing its blunt point, and the ears above the unguis. 
 5. The 9 connected Stamens. 6. The distinct Stamen. 7. Germen, Style, 
 and small Stigma. 
 
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74 
 
 IRIS hungarica. 
 
 Sickle-leaved Hungarian Iris. 
 
 Natural Order . IridEjE. Brown prodr . 302. 
 IRIS. Supra fol. 68. 
 
 I. hungarica , barbata, foliis ensiformibus glabris subfalcatis 
 subaequantibus scapum multiflorum, spathis inflatis suprema 
 biflora. Willd. enurn. 1. p. 64. 
 
 Iris hungarica. Waldst . et Kitaib. hung . 3. t . 226. £/or/. 
 
 /ora*/. p. 12. 
 
 Root large, tuberous. Leaves ensiform, smooth, 
 generally falcate, nerved with numerous prominent 
 nerves, taper-pointed, about equal with the many- 
 flowered scape. Spathes inflated ; sheaths 2, opposite, 
 acute, keeled, inclosing the peduncle, germen, and 
 tube. Peduncle short and thick, obsoletely 3-sided. 
 Germen bluntly 3-sided and 3-furrowed, smooth and 
 glossy. Perianthium 6-parted, of a beautiful blue pur 7 
 pie ; tube an inch in length, bluntly 3-gonal, 3-sulcate, 
 smooth and glossy; outer lacinice narrowest, reflexed, 
 densely bearded from the base to above the middle, 
 and variegated near the base ; inner ones broadly obo- 
 vate, erect, connivent, or closing each other at the 
 points, also variegated near the base. Stamens 3, in- 
 serted in the base of the laciniae, about half the length 
 of the stigmas ; filaments flat, smooth ; anthers linear, 
 attached to the filament a little above the base, nearly 
 as long as the filaments ; pollen white. Style short, 
 acutely 3-cornered. Stigmas 3, petal-like, keeled 
 
 u 2 
 
inwards, points deeply cloven, acute and jagged by 
 the sides. 
 
 This fine species of Iris is a native of Hungary, and 
 is readily distinguished from most others by its falcate 
 leaves; it is quite hardy, and thrives well in a rich 
 light soil, flowering in May and June, and sometimes 
 again in Autumn. It is not one of the strongest grow- 
 ing sorts, but is of middle stature, the leaves seldom 
 exceeding a foot in height, and the flower stems are 
 not so high ; but the flowers are large, and very showy, 
 and several are expanded at the same time. The best 
 method of increasing it, is by dividing the roots, but 
 it may be also raised from seeds, which some- 
 times ripen ; those should be sown as soon as ripe, 
 either in pots, or in the open ground, transplanting 
 them while quite young, that they may not miss their 
 removal. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant at the Nursery 
 of Mr. Colvill, in May last. 
 
 1. The 3 Stamens inserted in the base of the laciniae of the Perianthium. 
 2. One of the Stigmas, the 2 others cut off near the base. 
 
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75 
 
 LILIUM spectabile. 
 
 Showy Siberian Lily. 
 
 Natural Order. TunPACEiE. Kunth Synops. 1. p. 292- 
 LIL1UM. Perianthium 6-phyllum, petaloideum, campa- 
 nulatum : foliolis rectis aut revolutis, basi conniventibus etsulco 
 longitudinali nectarifero, nudo aut ciliato, exaratis. Stamina 
 6 stylo breviora. Capsula valvulis pilo cancellato connexis; 
 semina plana. Radix tuberosa , basibus foliorum imbricata; 
 caulis foliosus simplex ; foliis alternis aut verticillatis ; flores 
 spathacei, spicati aut subpaniculati , in pluribus cernui. 
 
 L. spectabile, foliis subternis sparsisve linearibus subtrinerviis 
 superioribus margine subtomentosis, pedunculis tomentosis, 
 corollis erectis intus scabris. Link enum. 1. p. 321. 
 
 Lilium pensylvanicum. Ker Bot. Mag. 872. non Pursh. 
 Lilium dauricum. Ker Bot. Mag. 1210. in note. Hort. sub. 
 lond . p. 68. 
 
 Stem erect, from 1 to 2 feet in height. Leaves ternate, 
 or scattered, linearly lanceolate, acute, faintly 3-nerved, 
 striate; lower ones smooth and glossy, upper ones 
 slightly tomentose, particularly the margins, which are 
 fringed with wool. Flowers terminal, from 1 to 6, in 
 our specimen the latter number, umbellate, of an orange 
 colour. Peduncles unequal in length, densely tomen- 
 tose, often 1-leaved. Perianthium 6-leaved; leaflets 
 between ovate and lanceolate, gradually attenuated to 
 the base and point, in which it differs from L. bulbiferum y 
 L. croceum, &c. inside rough, warted, and spotted 
 with black or dark purple. Stamens 6; filaments 
 smooth, purple, attached to the base of the perian- 
 thium, and joined to the back of the anther. Style 
 
purple, 3-channelled, thickened upwards. Stigma 
 clubbed, 3-sulcate. 
 
 We have adopted the name of Professor Link for the 
 present species, the other names by which it has been 
 already published, tending only to confuse ; the pre- 
 sent is the name adopted in the continental gardens, 
 from whence we have often received seeds of it. But 
 this must not be confounded with the L. spectabile of 
 Mr. Salisbury, which is the L. Catesbcei of other 
 authors. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant at the Apothe- 
 caries’ Company’s Garden, at Chelsea, in July last, 
 where it was growing very strong in the open border. 
 It is quite hardy, and thrives well in the common 
 garden soil, flowering the latter end of June, or the 
 beginning of July. It increases pretty freely by offsets 
 from the bulbs ; and it also ripens seeds, which should 
 be sown as soon as gathered, as they then vegetate 
 immediately. The L. croceum of Loddiges’ Botanical 
 Cabinet, is nearly allied to our plant, judging from the 
 figure, but we think it is certainly distinct, and also 
 from the L. croceum of Link. 
 
 1. One of the Stamens attached to the base of one of the leaflets of the 
 Perianthium. 2. Germens, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 
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76 
 
 SCHIZANTHUS porrigens. 
 
 Spreading Schizanthus. 
 
 Natural Order. Scrophularin^e, Brown prodr. 433. 
 Sect. I. Stamina duo antherifera. Capsula bilocularis. 
 SCHIZANTHUS. Supra fol. 63. 
 
 S. porrigens , caule ramoso diffuso, foliis inferioribus interrupte 
 pinnatis : foliolis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis inciso-dentatis 
 integerrimisve : superioribus oblongo-ovatis inciso-dentatis 
 utrinque hirsutis, floribus paniculatis, racemis secundis. 
 
 Schizanthus porrigens. Hooker exot. flor. t. 86. 
 
 Annual. Stem a foot to 18 inches in height, much 
 branched, spreading in all directions ; branches slender, 
 thickly clothed with villous unequal spreading hairs, 
 each tipped with a gland. Leaves thickly clothed 
 with short hairs on both sides ; lower ones interruptedly 
 pinnate ; leaflets oblong, obtuse, deeply toothed with 
 blunt teeth, and smaller leaflets intermixed ; middle 
 leaves pinnate ; leaflets alternate, lanceolate, bluntish, 
 generally entire; upper leaves entire, oblong-ovate, 
 more or less cut or toothed. Flowers panicled ; race- 
 mes secund, several -flowered. Bractes 2 at the base 
 of the pedicles, oblong, obtuse, equal in size, or some- 
 times one larger than the other. Pedicles slender, 
 nodding, thickly clothed with villous glandular hairs, 
 as is the calyx. Calyx 5-parted nearly to the base, 
 segments unequal, spatulate, obtuse, fringed, the lower 
 one much the longest. Corolla irregular; upper lip 
 5-cleft, side laciniae forked, the lower ones pale rose 
 colour, middle ones lighter, with a purple spot on each 
 
of the upper segments ; upper one oblong, entire, yel- 
 low at the base, with a purple spot on each side, and 
 numerous smaller ones between them and the base; 
 lower lip 3-parted, rose-coloured, outer laciniae falcate, 
 lapping over each other at the points, which are spa- 
 tulately rounded ; middle one obcordate, concave, 
 connivent, enclosing the stamens, which are elastic, and 
 spring upwards as soon as touched. Stamens 4, in- 
 serted in the mouth, 2 barren and 2 fertile, with the 
 rudiment of a fifth inserted in the lower lip ; barren 
 filaments densely bearded, and terminated by barren 
 anthers ; fertile ones longer, hairy at the base, and 
 smooth upwards ; anthers inserted a little above their 
 base, 2-celled, discharging their ash-coloured pollen 
 by the spring of the filament. Germen smooth. Style 
 smooth, longer than the stamens. Stigma a simple 
 point. 
 
 This beautiful annual was introduced from South 
 America, at the same time as S. pinnata , foL 63. We, 
 with Dr. Hooker, believe it to be a distinct species, as 
 it is quite different in habit, and the differences remain 
 true from seed. The present is the most beautiful of 
 the two, and it requires precisely the same treatment 
 as the other ; we have seen some plants cultivated in 
 peat soil, and others in the common ground, the latter 
 succeeded best ; several of those in the peat died off 
 while in full bloom. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Messrs. 
 Whitley, Brames, and Milne, at Fulham, where plants 
 of both species were grown together in the borders, 
 and the differences were seen to advantage. 
 
 1. Calyx, showing the unequal segments. 2. Upper lip of the Corolla, with 
 the 2 barren Stamens attached to it at the base. 3. Lower lip of ditto, show- 
 ing the situation of the 2 fertile Stamens. 4. Side view of the lower lip, to 
 show the rudiment of a fifth. Stamen. 5. The 2 barren Stamens detached, 
 showing their termination with imperfect Anthers. 6. Style. 
 

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77 
 
 SCHIVERECKIA podolica. 
 
 Canes cent Sc /liver eckia. 
 
 Natural Order . Crucifers. DC. Syst. nat. 2. p. 139. 
 
 Subordo I. PLEURORHIZEJE . Supra fol. 46. 
 
 Tribus II. ALYSSINEJE seu PLEURORHIZEJE LATISEPTJE. 
 
 Silicula longitudinaliter dehiscens, septo lato ovali membra- 
 naceo, valvis planis aut concavis. Semina compressa, saepe 
 marginata. Cotyledones planae, accumbentes, septo parallelae. 
 DC. p . 147. 
 
 SCHIVERECKIA. Calyx basi aequalis, laxiusculus. Pe- 
 tala obovato-oblonga. Stamina 2 breviora filiformia, 4 mem- 
 branacea dente aucta. Silicula ovata, valvis convexis medio 
 longitudinaliter depressis solidiusculis obtusis ; stylo brevi ; 
 stigmate capitellato. Semina in quoque loculo 8-10, biseriata, 
 subcompressa, immarginata. Cotyledones elliptical, accum- 
 bentes. 
 
 Herba perennis. Alyssum aut Drabam habitu refer ens , pube 
 stellata velutino-canescens. Folia radicalia rosulata ovali - 
 oblonga dentata : caulina pauca sessilia amplexicaulia. Racemi 
 terminales . Pedicelli fliformes t ebracteati. Flores albi. 
 Ovaria et Siliculae pube brevi molli cano-velutina . DC. loc. cit . 
 p . 300. 
 
 Scbivereckia podolica. DC. loc. cit. Prodr. 1. p. 160. Deless. 
 
 ic. sel. 2. i. 36. Link enum. 2. p. 157. 
 
 Alyssum podolicum. Bess. cat. h. Crem. 1816. p. 8. 
 
 Perennial , tufted. Stems short, suffruticose at the 
 base. Leaves rosulate, tufted, oval or oblong, obtuse, 
 more or less toothed, stellately canescent ; stem ones 
 few, short, sessile, clasping the stalk. Flower-stalks 
 densely clothed with a short white pubescence. Ra- 
 cemes terminal, at first in a dense corymbus, afterwards 
 
 x 
 
lengthening out. Pedicles filiform, without bractes, 
 2 or 3 times longer than the calyx. Calyx of 4 short 
 sepals, equal at the base, lax, concave, blunt, stellately 
 canescent. Petals 4, white, obovately oblong, entire, 
 about twice the length of the calyx. Stamens 6, 
 
 2 rather shorter than the others, filiform ; 4 longer ones, 
 membranaceous, toothed. Silicle ovate, densely 
 clothed with short soft white down. Style short, 
 pubescent. Stigma capitate. 
 
 This pretty little Alpine plant has been lately intro- 
 duced to our collections, and we believe was first 
 raised from seed by Mr. William Anderson, at the 
 Apothecaries’ Company’s Garden, at Chelsea, about 
 
 3 years back, and from a plant received from him our 
 drawing and description were taken. It is well 
 adapted for the ornamenting of rock-work, or for 
 planting on a sloping ground in a dryish situation, as 
 it is more liable to be injured by too much moisture, 
 than it is from cold ; for being a native of Poland and 
 Siberia, it is quite hardy. It may also be cultivated 
 with advantage in small pots with other dwarf growing 
 Alpine plants ; but care must be taken to keep it from 
 the slugs and snails, which are very fond of it. It 
 succeeds best in a light sandy soil, and if grown in 
 pots, may be planted in an equal mixture of soft loam, 
 peat, and sand. It strikes readily from cuttings 
 planted under hand-glasses, and may also be raised 
 from seeds, which ripen plentifully; those may be 
 sown as soon as ripe, the plants will then come up 
 directly, and will flower the next Summer; if sown in 
 Spring, the plants will seldom flower till the following 
 season. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. One of the petals. 3. The G Stamens, showing the 2 short 
 filiform filaments, and the 4 longer membranaceous toothed ones. 4. Stamen 
 detached. 5. Silicle, or pod, terminated by its short Style, and small capitate 
 Stigma. 
 
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78 
 
 TULIPA pubescens. 
 
 Pubescent-stalked Tulip. 
 
 Natural Order . TuLiPACEiE. Kunth. Synops. 1. p. 292. 
 
 TULIPA. Perianthium 6-phylIum, petaloideum, campa- 
 nulatum ; foliola recta non nectarifera. Stamina 6, basi folio- 
 lorum inserta. Anther re posticse. Stylus 0 ; stigma sessile. 
 Capsula oblonga, obtuse trigona ; semina plana. 
 
 Folia vaginantia radicalia ; scapus 1 -florus erectus f pene 
 aphylhis. Juss. gen. 48. 
 
 T. pubescens , scapo pubescente, perianthii foliolis tribus exte- 
 rioribus acutis interioribus obtusis mucronatis, foliis oblongo- 
 lanceolatis venosis utrinque pubescentibus. 
 
 Tulipa pubescens. Willd. enum. supp. 17. 
 
 Tulipa suaveolens /3 latifolia. Botan. magaz. 2388. 
 
 Root bulbous, about the size of a walnut, clothed 
 with a smooth brown scale, and terminated at the base 
 with a dense fascicle of small white fibres. Leaves 
 clasping the stem, a little waved, strongly veined, and 
 densely clothed on both sides with a short close mealy 
 pubescence; lower ones oblong, acute; upper ones 
 lanceolate, taper-pointed. Scape densely clothed with 
 a white mealy pubescence, shorter than the leaves 
 when the flowers first expand, but afterwards lengthen- 
 ing beyond them. Perianthium of 6 leaflets, various 
 in colour, 3 outer ones acute, inner ones obtuse, all 
 mucronate. Stamens 6 , inserted in the base of the 
 leaflets ; filaments flat, channelled on the inner side, 
 and convex on the outer, slightly pubescent; anthers 
 joined to the filaments at their back, about the same 
 length, linear, acute. Germen obtusely-trigonal, about 
 
 x 2 
 
the length of the stamens. Stigma 3-lobed, sessile^ 
 double crested, waved, deeply channelled, and fringed 
 round the edges. 
 
 We agree with Willdenow in considering the broad 
 leaved pubescent Tulip as a distinct species, both from 
 T. suaveolens and T. Gesneriana ; perhaps it is hybrid 
 between the two, as it is as near as possible interme- 
 diate. Like the latter species it varies in colour, 
 scarcely any two being exactly alike; and they are 
 distinguished by different names by the Florists, as 
 the Clarimond , Bruids van Haarlem , Red and 
 Yellow Pottebakker , fyc. It agrees with T. suaveolens 
 in its pubescent stem, but its habit is more like T. Ges- 
 neriana; the time of flowering is between the two. 
 At any rate they are very ornamental plants for the 
 Flower-garden, and require the same treatment as the 
 more common species, succeeding well in a light rich 
 soil ; they are also very proper for forcing in pots, as 
 they come in flower early, so that they force well ; as 
 soon as they have done flowering, and the leaves are 
 beginning to fade, the bulbs should be taken out of the 
 ground, and kept dry till Spring. 
 
 1. One of the Stamens, with the filament joined to the back of the anther. 
 2. Filament separated from the anther. 3. Anther divested of the filament. 
 4. Germen terminated by the 3*lobed Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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79 
 
 ANTHYLLIS montana. 
 
 Mountain Kidney-vetch. 
 
 Natural Order. LEGUMiNoSiE. Juss. gen. 345. 
 
 Div. V. ( PAPILIONACEJE.) Corolla irregularis papilio- 
 nacea. Stamina decern diadelpha. Legumen uniloculare bi- 
 valve. 
 
 ANTHYLLIS. Calyx ventricosus 5-dentatus inaequalis 
 persistens. Corolla vexillum alis et carina longius. Stamina 
 basi monadelpha. Legumen parvum 1-3-spermum, calyce tec- 
 tum. Caulis in Vulneraria T. herbaceus, in cceteris frutescens, 
 ramis Erinaceae numerosis suboppositis apice pungentibus ; hujus 
 folia simplicia, caterarum ternata aut sapius impari-pinnata ; 
 stipula in plurimis ima petiola adnatce , in paucis subnulla; 
 pedunculi glomeratim multijlori, axillares aut scepius terminates. 
 Hiic refert D. Lamarck Ebenum L .ab Ebeno ligno diversissimum, 
 cui calyx 5-aristaius aristis plumosis corolla pauld longioribus , 
 alee minima , semen 1 villosum, ccetera Anthyllidibus frutescen- 
 tibus similia. Juss. gen. 355. 
 
 A. montana t herbacea, foliis pinnatis aequalibus, capitulo ter- 
 minali secundo, floribus obliquatis. Willden. sp. pi. 3. 
 p. 1014. 
 
 Anthyllis montana. Jacq. austr. 3. p. 17. t. 334. Pers.syn. 2. 
 p. 292. Lam. ill. t. 615. /. 5. Hort. Kew . ed. 2. v. 4. p. 282. 
 
 Perennial. Stems numerous, prostrate, much 
 branched ; branches short, ascending, villous. Leaves 
 pinnate, canescent, thickly clothed with soft white 
 villous hairs; leaflets 16 to 30, opposite, lanceolate, 
 acute, broad at the base, terminal one broadest, obovate. 
 Petioles channelled on the upper side, and convex on 
 the lower. Stipules connected to the base, and form- 
 ing a part of the petioles. Peduncles cylindrical, 
 
villous, as are the bractes and calyx. Flowers in a close 
 secund head, pale red, veined with purple. Involucre 
 of numerous lanceolate or oblong bluntish bractes. 
 Pedicles very short and slender, hairy. Calyx slightly 
 ventricose, 5-toothed, persistent ; teeth unequal, subu- 
 late, bearded. Corolla papilionaceous ; vexillum large, 
 obovate, much longer than the wings and keel, eared 
 just above the unguis. Stamens 10 , all connected at 
 the base; filaments smooth. Pollen pale yellow, gra- 
 nular. Germen and Style smooth. Stigma capitate. 
 
 Our drawing of this beautiful plant was taken from 
 a fine specimen growing in the open border, at the 
 garden belonging to the Apothecaries’ Company, at 
 Chelsea, in June last. It is quite hardy, and a proper 
 plant for the front of flower-borders, as it seldom ex- 
 ceeds 6 inches in height; but its branches spread 
 round to a considerable distance. It is also a pretty 
 plant for ornamenting rock-work, thriving well in any 
 light sandy soil. 
 
 A native of different parts of Europe, in the more 
 southern districts, and chiefly found in mountainous 
 situations. It may be cultivated with advantage in a 
 smallish size pot, but requires a plentiful supply of 
 water in warm weather. The best method of increase 
 is by dividing at the root, or by seeds, which sometimes 
 ripen plentifully. Cuttings may also be rooted under 
 common hand-glasses ; but they must be planted 
 thinly, or they will be liable to damp. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3. 3. The 2 alee, or wings. 4. Carina, or Keel. 
 5. Stamens spread open, to show that the filaments are united in a tube at the 
 base, and the points distinct. 6. Germen, Style, and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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80 
 
 CYPRIPEDIUM parviflorurn. 
 
 Small-flowered Ladies' Slipper. 
 
 Natural Order . Orchide^e. Brown prodr. 309. 
 CYPRIPEDIUM. Supra fol. 71. 
 
 C. parviflorurn , caule folioso, lobo styli triangulari acuto, 
 perianthii foliolis exterioribus ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis : 
 interioribus linearibus contortis basi intus dense barbatis, 
 labello subsulcato foliolis breviore compresso. 
 
 Cypripedium parviflorurn. Pers. syn.2. p. 525. Botan.magaz. 
 911. Pursh. fl. amer. 2. p. 594. Hort . Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. 
 p. 221. Salisb . in Linn, trans. 1. p. 77. t. 2. f. 2. Willden . 
 sp. pi. 4. p. 143. 
 
 Stem flexuose, striated , pubescent. Leaves 5 or 6, 
 of a thin texture, alternate, sessile, clasping the stern 
 at the base, spreading, their points a little twisted and 
 recurved, oblongly lanceolate, taper-pointed, longitudi- 
 nally nerved and plaited, furrowed on the upper side, 
 downy. Flower solitary, nodding. Peduncle scarcely 
 as long as the leaf, densely pubescent. Bracte 1 , a 
 little below the germen, leaf-like, lanceolate, taper- 
 pointed, twisted, a little longer than the leaflets of the 
 perianthium. Pedicle very short, enclosed in the 
 bracte. Germen angular, not twisted, densely pube- 
 scent. Leaflets of the Perianthium of a yellowish 
 green, marked with numerous brown spots and lines : 
 2 outer ones ovately lanceolate, taper-pointed, the upper 
 one erect, twisted, lower one straight, dependent, 
 shorter than the labellum; inner ones longer, linear- 
 attenuated, spreading, slightly deflexed, much twisted, 
 point bluntish, densely bearded inside with long white 
 
hairs at the base, and a considerable way np, outside 
 pubescent. Labellum yellow, smooth outside and 
 marked with a few purplish stripes, the mouth edged 
 with purple ; inside beautifully spotted in circular lines, 
 bearded at the base. Column lobe broadly sagittate, 
 entire, bluntish, smooth on both sides, channelled on 
 the upper side and concave near the point, keeled 
 underneath, the keel channelled, yellow, the edges 
 spotted with brown purple. Style pale yellow ; middle 
 lobe triangular, with a hollow round point ; side lobes 
 lanceolate, scarcely acute, terminating beyond the 
 anthers. Anthers 2, nearly orbicular, attached to the 
 side lobes of the style. Pollen waxy, yellow. 
 
 The present plant is a native of North America, 
 growing, according to Pursh, in shady fertile woods, 
 from New Jersey to Carolina. The specimen from 
 which our drawing was taken, was received by Mr. 
 Colvill, last Autumn, from North America, and was 
 cultivated in a pot ; the soil was a light red sandy loam. 
 Our plants flowered from the beginning to about the 
 middle of May, earlier than C. pubescens , which we 
 published in a former number. We have seen plants 
 of this genus thriving very well when planted out in a 
 pit, in a rich sandy soil, and occasionally covered with 
 the lights, in wet weather, at the time that the plants 
 were dormant; we have no doubt but the greater part 
 of the family to which they belong would succeed 
 well, managed in that way, as they generally suffer 
 most from moisture when in a dormant state. 
 
 1. Labellum cut open, to show the spots and bearding inside. 2. Front view 
 of the column lobe, with the upper lobes of the style attached to it. 3. Back 
 view of ditto, showing its hollow keel. 4. The lower lobe of the Style. 5. Back 
 view of ditto. 6. 6. The 2 Anthers attached to the side lobes of the Style, the 
 points terminating beyond them. 
 

 
 
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81 
 
 MALVA mauritiana. 
 
 Ivy-leaved Mallow. 
 
 Natural Order. Malvacea. DC. prodr. 1. p. 429. 
 
 Div. I. Calyx duplex seu involucro cinctus . 
 
 MALVA. Calyx 5-fidus, 3-rarius 1-2-4-bracteatus, per- 
 sisted. Petala 5, hypogyna, sequalia, patentia. Stamina 
 crebra, monadelpha; tubo stamineo unguibus petalorum adnato. 
 Anther ce reniformes, uniloculares. Ovarium superum, poly- 
 coccum ; coccis 1, rarissime 2-4-spermis vel dissipimento 
 transverso spurio in duos divisis loculos 1-spermos. Styli tot 
 quot cocca. Stigmata capitellata. Capsula polycocca ; coccis 
 1-spermis, rarissime 2-4-spermis vel in duos divisis loculos 
 monospermos dissipimento (spurio) transverso, e dorso cocci 
 orto ibique affixo, reliqua parte libero. Radicula in monospermis 
 infera. Herbae, suffrutices aut frutices, rarius arbusculae. 
 Folia alterna f integra aut scepissime angulata , lobata vel digitato- 
 partita. Stipulae petiolares gemince. Pedunculi axillares, 
 uniflori, solitarii, gemini vel plures f inter dum bi-multijlori ; in 
 nonnullis jlores spicati vel racemosi terminates , aut in axillis 
 conglomerati . Corollae miniatce, purpurece y violacece, ccerulece, 
 rosece, carnece, albce vel flavee . Kunth. Synops. 3. p. 247. 
 
 Sect. I . Malvastrum. Carpella 1-locularis 1-sperma. 
 DC. 1. c. p. 430. 
 
 §. 5. Fasciculatae, floribus purpurascentibus aut albis t foliis 
 angulatis cordatis 5-nerviis, pedicellis axillaribus plurimis 1-Jloris, 
 calyce exterior e 3-phyllo , caule herbaceo. DC. 1. c. p. 432. 
 
 M. mauritiana, caule erecto, foliis 5-lobatis obtusis, pedicellis 
 petiolisque glabriusculis aut ad latus superius tomentosis. 
 DC. prodr. 1. p. 432. 
 
 Malva mauritiana. Cav. diss. 2. p. 77. t. 25. /. 2. Willden . 
 sp. pi. 3. p. 787. Pers. syn. 2. p. 251. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 
 v. 4. p. 216. 
 
 Annual. Stem smooth, erect, 3 to 5 feet high, 
 branched at the base. Leaves large, glossy, rugose, 
 5-lobed, obtuse, unequally toothed with large blunt 
 teeth, entire at the base, underneath strongly 5-nerved, 
 
 Y 
 
nerves branched, slightly hairy. Petioles flattened 
 and furrowed on the upper side, densely tomentose ; 
 nearly smooth and rounded underneath, a little 
 widened at the base, gradually tapering upwards. 
 Stipules ovate or lanceolate, acute, membranaceous. 
 Flowers axillary, numerous, fasciculate. Peduncles 
 slender, slightly hairy, many times shorter than the 
 petiole. Calyx double ; outer one or involucre 3-leaved, 
 leaflets oblong, obtuse, many-nerved ; inner one salver- 
 shaped, 5-cleft, segments bluntly rounded, pubescent, 
 reticulately veined. Corolla of 5 petals, spreading, 
 obcordate, narrow and bearded at the base, 5-nerved, 
 of a bright purple, darkest near the base, nerves dark 
 purple. Stamens numerous, connected in a tube, and 
 distinct at the points, tube thickly clothed with short 
 hairs, points smooth, fasciculate, spreading ; anthers 
 reniform. Carpella many, connected in a circular 
 capsule, rugged, each 1-seeded. Seeds smooth and 
 shining. 
 
 A stately and very handsome hardy annual, requir- 
 ing only to be sown in the open ground, in the com- 
 mon garden soil, where it will continue to bloom till 
 late in Autumn, and ripen abundance of seeds ; the 
 best time for sowing them is the beginning of March, 
 if the weather prove favourable ; and as they are of 
 large growth, the plants should be at least 9 inches or 
 a foot apart ; they will otherwise crowd each other, 
 and will not be near so fine. > 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 in August last. 
 
 1. The outer Calyx of 3 bracte-like Sepals. 2. The inner 5-cleft Calyx, 
 showing part of the Capsule, or seed-vessel. 3. Petal, showing its bearded 
 base. 4. Stamens, showing the hairy tube and spreading points, with their kid- 
 ney shaped anthers. 5. Style and Stigmas. 6. Seed-vessel. 7. Seed. 
 

 
 
 
 
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82 
 
 RUDBECKIA hirta. 
 
 Great Hairy Rudbeckia. 
 
 Natural Order . Composite. Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 RUDBECKIA . Supra fol 4. 
 
 R. hirta, hirsutissima, caulibus subramosis ; ramis unifloris, 
 pedunculo nudo, foliis ovato-spathulatis triplinervibus serratis 
 hirtis, involucrum foliaceum radium subaequante, disco coni- 
 co, paleis lanceolatis. 
 
 Rudbeckia hirta. Willden. sp. pi. 3. p . 2248. Pers . syn . 2. 
 p. 477. Pursh fl. amer. sept . 2. p . 574. Hor£. Xew?. ed. 2. 
 v. 5. 131. 
 
 Stems erect, branching from the base, thickly clothed 
 with long spreading white hairs, as are the leaves, 
 peduncles, and involucrum. Branches erect, purple 
 at the base, generally 1 -flowered. Leaves ovately- 
 spatulate, attenuated at the base, sessile, slightly ser- 
 rate, bluntish, triplinerved, the nerves branching. 
 Peduncles long, erect, angular, and furrowed with 
 numerous channels, naked, or sometimes bearing a 
 leaf, hispidly hairy. Involucre many-leaved ; leaflets 
 spreading, or reflexed, unequal in length, lanceolate, 
 bluntish, hispidly hairy, some of them nearly the length 
 of the rays. Receptacle conical, paleaceous. Chaff 
 lanceolate, acute, tipped with purple, scarcely as long 
 as the florets. Rays numerous, barren, ligulate, the 
 points 2 or 3-toothed, strongly nerved underneath, of 
 a deep yellow colour, at the base is the rudiments of 
 2 hair-like stigmas. Florets of the disk numerous, 
 dark brown, tubular, 5-toothed. Stamens 5, filaments 
 
 y 2 
 
smooth, distinct ; anthers connected into a tube, ex- 
 serted ; pollen bright yellow. Style smooth, about 
 the length of the stamens. Stigmas 2, purple, spread- 
 ing. 
 
 The present handsome plant is often confounded 
 with R. fulgicla in our collections, but is a very dis- 
 tinct species, and not so easily kept in good health as 
 that, being very apt to die off in Winter, owing, we 
 apprehend, to the variableness of our climate, as it 
 thrives exceedingly well in Summer, and produces 
 abundance of flowers, though it seldom ripens its 
 seeds ; we have succeeded very well in raising it from 
 cuttings, by taking off the young shoots and planting 
 them under a common hand-glass, where they rooted 
 in a very short time, and made strong plants the same 
 season. Pursh marks it as a biennial, and mentions 
 it as growing on the mountains, from Virginia to Flori- 
 da, flowering from July to September. We have no 
 doubt of its being strictly perennial, but very liable to 
 rot off in Winter if grown in too moist a situation; we 
 therefore recommend its being planted in a dry border 
 of rich light earth ; and it is also well to have some 
 plants of it in pots, which can be protected in frames 
 in Winter, if the weather be very severe or very wet, 
 they can then be turned into the borders in Spring. 
 It seldom exceeds a foot in height, and is, therefore, 
 an ornamental plant for the front borders of the flower 
 garden. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, in August last. 
 
 1. Capitulum cut through the middle, to show the conical chaffy receptacle. 
 2. Scale of the chaff. 3. One of the Rays. 4. Floret of the disk. 5. The 
 same spread open, to show the nerves. 6. Stamens, showing the distinct fila* 
 ments and united anthers. 7. Seed, terminated by the Style and 2 spreading 
 Stigmas. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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83 
 
 DATURA Tatula. 
 
 Pale Blue Thorn-Apple . 
 
 Natural Order. Solane^e. Brown prodr. 443. 
 
 Sect. I. Corolla plicata. Pericarpium capsular e. 
 
 DATURA. Calyx tubulosus, basi ventricosus, caducus ; 
 basi orbiculari, peltata, persistente; limbo quinquefido, saepe 
 irregulari. Corolla infundibuliformis ; limbo plicato, angulato, 
 quinque-aut decemdentato. Stamina 5, subinclusa. Antherce 
 longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Stylus longitudine staminum. 
 Stigma bilobum. Capsula semiquadrilocularis, quadrivalvis, 
 saepius muricato-spinosa ; placentae discretae. Semina crebra 
 reniformia. Herbae virosce , rarius arbuscula aut frutices . 
 Folia saepius sinuato-angulata. Flores alares , solitarii , albi, 
 violacei aut coccinei. Kunth. synops. 2. p. 148. 
 
 (1) Corolla limbo quinquedentato ; dentibus acuminato- 
 elongatis ; staminibus inclusis. 
 
 D. Tatula , caule herbaceo maculato, foliis ovatis grosse et 
 argute sinuato-dentatis glabris ; dentibus corollae acuminato- 
 capillaeeis, capsulis muricato-spinosis erectis. Kunth. 
 synops. 2. p. 150. 
 
 Datura Tatula. Willden. sp. pi. 1. p. 1008. Pers. syn. 1. 
 p. 216. Hort. Kew . ed . 2. v.l. p . 387. Meerb. ic. 2. 1. 13. 
 
 Annual , smooth. Stem erect, from a foot to 18 inches 
 in height, purple, spotted with small light spots, 
 branching; branches spreading, purple, also spotted. 
 Leaves ovate, acute, lower ones cordate, sinuate, or 
 deeply and sharply toothed ; upper ones oblique at 
 the base, nerves purple. Petioles purple, flattened 
 and furrowed on the upper side, and convex on the 
 lower, shorter than the leaves. Peduncles short. Calyx 
 tubular, ventricose at the base ; limb 5-toothed, teeth 
 
unequal. Corolla funnel-form, limb plaited, 5-toothed, 
 of a pale blue ; teeth long, taper-pointed. Stamens 5, 
 inserted in the tube, and included within the mouth ; 
 filaments slender, joined to the base of the anthers. 
 Style smooth, about the length of the stamens. Stigma 
 slightly 2-lobed. Capsule erect, spiny, or muricate, 
 the spines unequal in length, pungent. Seeds nume- 
 rous, kidney-shaped, black and rugged. 
 
 The plant from which our drawing was made, was 
 raised from seed received by A. B. Lambert, Esq. from 
 the mountains of the Caracas, where it is mentioned, 
 by the noted travellers, Humboldt and Bonpland, as 
 growing abundantly. It is also found in great quan- 
 tities in many other countries ; or, perhaps, more than 
 one species is confused. Our plant agreed exactly 
 with the description of Kunth, but not so well with that 
 by other authors. It is a pretty annual plant, and 
 flowers best in the open air, attaining the height of a 
 foot, or 18 inches. The seeds may be sown in Spring, 
 either under hand-glasses, or on a slight hot-bed; and as 
 soon as the plants are a few inches high, they should 
 be planted into the flower borders where they are to 
 remain; a warm border of rich light earth will suit 
 them best, where they will continue to bloom till late 
 in Autumn, if the weather continue mild, and will 
 ripen plenty of seeds. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Tube of the Corolla laid open, to show the insertion of the 
 stamens. 3. Germen, Style, and 2-lobed Stigma. 4. Seed. 
 

 
 
 
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84 
 
 OXYBAPHUS Cervantesii. 
 
 Cervantes' Umbrella- Wort. 
 
 Natural Order. Nyctaginea:. Kunth Synops. 2. p. 14. 
 
 OXYBAPHUS. Involucrum monophyllum, campanulatum, 
 quinquefidum, 1 -, rarius 2-4-florum. Perianthium, corollaceum, 
 infundibuliforme ; limbo quinquelobo. Stamina 3 aut 4. Ake- 
 nium basi calycis demum indurata apice clausa tectum, involucro 
 explanato graudefacto circumdatum. 
 
 Herb® superne dichotomy. Folia opposita. Flores in apice 
 ramulorum corymbosi. Kunth Synops. 2. p. 15. 
 
 O. Cervantesii , caule geniculato rarnoso diffuso, foliis cordatis 
 obtusis pubescentibus margine ciliatis, floribus paniculatis, 
 involucris villoso-viscosissimis trifloris, lobis perianthii emar- 
 ginatis, staminibus perianthio brevioribus. 
 
 Perennial. Roots tuberous. Stem herbaceous, much 
 branched, knotted at the joints, spreading in all direc- 
 tions; branches of a shining purple, bearded at the 
 joints, and a villous line running from one joint to the 
 next, alternate with the leaves. Leaves opposite, long- 
 petioled, cordate, obtuse, entire, slightly pubescent, 
 the margins ciliated with short hairs. Petioles slender, 
 flattened on the upper side, and convex on the lower, 
 pubescent. Flowers panicled, the upper part of the 
 stem, peduncles and involucres villosely viscous, stick- 
 ing to every thing that touches them. Peduncles 
 slender, erect when in flower, afterwards drooping. 
 Involucre of one leaf, peltate, campanulate, 5-cleft, 
 3-flowered ; segments unequal, imbricate, ovate, acute, 
 concave, keeled. Perianthium funnel-form, plaited, 
 
5-lobed, of a bright pink colour, lobes deeply emargi- 
 nate, plicately spreading. Stamens 3, inserted in the 
 base of the tube, shorter than the perianthium ; fila- 
 ments smooth, purple, attached to the back of the 
 anthers, which are 2-celled, and burst before the 
 flower expands ; pollen bright yellow, composed of 
 little round grains. Style smooth, purple. Stigma 
 capitate, fimbriate. Seed angular, rugose. 
 
 Our drawing of this plant was taken at the Nursery 
 of Mr. Colvill, where it was raised from seed received 
 from Germany, under the name that we have adopted. 
 It is a native of South America, and the seeds should 
 be sown on a hot-bed in Spring, and from thence be 
 planted either in the open ground, or in pots, in the 
 same manner as Mirabilis , or Marvel of Peru, to 
 which it is nearly related ; and like it, the roots require 
 to be taken up in Autumn, and to be kept in dry earth, 
 out of the reach of frost, till Spring, when they may 
 again be planted in the flower borders ; a dry warm 
 border of rich light earth suits them best, where they 
 will grow to the height of 18 inches, and will continue 
 to flower till late in Autumn, and ripen plenty of seeds. 
 
 1. Involucre spread open, to show the insertion of the 3 flowers, or seeds, 
 the middle one being a ripe seed. 2. Perianthium. 3. The same spread open, 
 showing its emarginate segments. 4. The 3 Stamens inserted in the base of the 
 tube. 5. Germen, Style, and fimbriate Stigma. 6. Seed cut open, to show its 
 large albumen and the small radicle in the centre. 
 

 
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85 
 
 SARACHA umbellata. 
 
 U rnbel flowered Saracha . 
 
 Natural Order. Solan e je. Juss. gen. p. 124. 
 
 Sect. II. Fructus baccatus. 
 
 SARACHA. Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla rotato-campanulata, 
 5-fida. Stamina 5 basi corollae inserta. Stigma capitatum. 
 Bacca subrotunda, unilocularis. Frutices aut herb® caulescentes ; 
 folia saspiiis geminata ,* flores extrti-axillares subsolitarii aut 
 confetti . 
 
 S. umbellata , caule erecto herbaceo ramosissimo hirto, foliis 
 ovatis rugosis nitidis acutis : floralibus geminis, umbellis ax- 
 illaribus pedunculatis cernuis, floribus plicatis, filamentis 
 basi barbatis. 
 
 Saracha umbellata. DC. liort. mosnp. 1813. 142. Link enum. 1. 
 
 p. 180. 
 
 Bellinia umbellata. Rcem . et Schult. syst . 4. p. 684. 
 
 Atropa umbellata. Jacq. schocebr. t. 493. 
 
 Perennial. Root large, tuberous. Stem erect, hol- 
 low, much branched ; branches spreading, bluntly 
 4-sided, green and glossy, or slightly tinged with pur- 
 ple, slightly hairy, the hairs pellucid and recurved. 
 Leaves ovate, acute, rugose, glossy, margins rough, 
 generally in pairs. Petioles winged, channelled on 
 the upper side, and rounded on the lower. Umbels 
 3 to 5-flowered, nodding. Peduncle short, a little 
 above the leaves, generally betwixt the two, angular, 
 sulcate, very hairy. Pedicles nodding, angular, sul- 
 cate, very hairy, scarcely as long as the peduncles. 
 Calyx rotate, 5-cleft, hairy, purple at the base ; seg- 
 ments ovately-lanceolate, concave, bluntish, keeled 
 
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at the back, fringed. Corolla rotately-campanulate, 
 plaited, 5-cleft, of a greenish white colour, segments 
 cordately ovate, taper-pointed, spreading. Stamens 5, 
 inserted in the base of the corolla ; filaments subulate, 
 gibbous and bearded at the base, and smooth upwards; 
 anthers incumbent. Germen globular, smooth and 
 glossy. Style smooth, about the length of the stamens. 
 Stigma capitate. Berry globular, green when unripe, 
 lighter at the point, where it is crossed by 2 white 
 lines ; when ripe, of a glossy jet black. 
 
 Our drawing of this curious plant was made at the 
 Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where it was raised, last year, 
 from seed received from the Botanic Garden at Berlin ; 
 some of the plants flowered the same season, but not 
 till late in Autumn ; some were planted in the open 
 border, where the roots, this year, grew to a large size, 
 and produced numerous branches, which attained the 
 height of 18 inches to 2 feet, and produced abundance of 
 flowers and fruit. It is a native of Peru, but appears 
 to be quite hardy ; as some of the roots were exposed 
 to all last Winter’s frost, in small pots, without receiv- 
 ing the least injury. Its season of flowering is from the 
 beginning of July till the end of September, or later, if 
 the weather prove favourable. It succeeds well in the 
 common garden soil, and is increased by dividing the 
 root, or by seeds, which ripen in abundance. 
 
 1. Calyx spread open, showing the Germen, Style, and Stigma. 2. Corolla 
 spread open, showing the insertion of the Stamens at the base. 3. Stamen 
 detached, showing the gibbous bearded base. 4. Ripe Berry. 
 
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 IPOMCEA barbigera. 
 
 Bearded calyxed Ip omasa. 
 
 Natural Order. Convqlvulacea;. Brown prodr. 481. 
 Sect. I. Ovarium unicum. 
 
 IPOMCEA . Calyx 5-partitus, nudus. Corolla campanulala 
 v. infundibuliformis, 5-plicata. Ovarium 2-3-loculare, loculis 
 dispermis. Stylus indivisus. Stigma capitatum, 2-3-lobum. 
 Capsula 2-3-Iocularis. — Herbae volubiles t quandoque erectce. 
 Folia indivisa v. lobata, nunc pinnatijida. Semina in quibus- 
 dam comosa . Brown prodr. 484. 
 
 I. barbigera, caule volubili retrorsum pubescente, foliis late 
 cordatis acuminatis integris postice rotundatis utrinque hir- 
 sutis, pedunculis unifloris petiolo brevioribus juxta calycem 
 bibracteatis, laciniis calycinis acuminatis patentibus apice 
 reflexis basi dense barbatis. 
 
 Annual . Stem climbing, more or less branched, 
 thickly clothed with long white reflexed hairs, and 
 shorter ones intermixed. Leaves broadly cordate, 
 taper-pointed, entire, rounded, and nearly closed at 
 the base, hairy on both sides, reticulately veined under- 
 neath. Petioles deeply channelled on the upper side, 
 and rounded on the lower, thickly clothed with un- 
 equal reflexed hairs. Peduncles 1-flowered, shorter 
 than the petioles, slender, and smooth at the base, of 
 a dark purple, the upper part green, thickened and 
 hairy. Bractes 2, at the base of the calyx, linear, 
 taper-pointed, spreading, very hairy. Calyx 5-parted ; 
 segments nearly equal in length, keeled at the back, 
 densely bearded at the base, with long spreading white 
 hairs, each seated on a gland ; points long and taper, 
 spreading, slightly reflexed ; inner segments rather 
 
 z 2 
 
narrower than the outer ones. Corolla between cam- 
 panulate and funnel-form, 5-lobed, slightly crenulate, 
 limb of a bright azure blue ; tube pale, or nearly white. 
 Stamens 5, unequal in length, inserted in the tube a 
 little above the base ; filaments densely bearded near 
 the base, and smooth at the points ; anthers sagittate, 
 joined by their base to the filaments, 2-celled, bursting 
 in front to discharge the pollen, which is composed of 
 small globular white grains. Style quite smooth, about 
 the length of the stamens. Stigma capitate, scarcely 
 lobed r papillose. Capsule smooth, 3-locular, with 
 2 seeds in each cell. Seed black, roughish, pubescent. 
 
 Several plants of this beautiful annual were raised 
 this year, at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, from seeds 
 received from North America ; we believe it to be a 
 new species, as we do not find it any where described ; 
 it is nearer related to I. hederacea than to any other 
 with which we are acquainted ; but the leaves of that 
 are deeply 3-lobed, while those of our plant are always 
 quite entire, more like I. purpurea , but broader, and 
 more taper-pointed. 
 
 Plants that were raised from seeds sown in April, 
 began to flower in June, and continued to bloom till 
 the end of September ; some of the seeds were ripe the 
 beginning of July, and, for an experiment, we sowed 
 some of them immediately, as soon as gathered ; they 
 were up in 3 days, and began to flower in a fortnight, 
 growing very strong, and continuing to bloom till near 
 the middle ofOctober, and also ripened their seeds. The 
 flowers are in the greatest perfection early in the morn- 
 ing, before the heat of the sun becomes too powerful. 
 It will attain the height of 6 or 8 feet, if trained up a 
 stick, or wire, and thrives best in a warm border of 
 rich light earth. 
 
 1. Calyx, enclosing the Capsule, and showing the 2 bractes at the base. 
 
 2. Tube of the Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of the 5 Stamens. 
 
 3. Style and papillose Stigma. 4. Capsule. 5. Ripe Seed. 
 
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87 
 
 LIATRIS sphseroidea. 
 
 Globular-cupped Liatris. 
 
 Natural Order. Composite Adanson fam. 2. 103. 
 Sect. II. CARDUACEJE. Div. 5. Vernoniacece. 
 
 LIA TRIS. Supra fol. 44. 
 
 L. sphceroidea, caule simplici pubescente, foliis Isevibus subfal- 
 catis obtusiusculis : inferioribus petiolatis lato-lanceolatis ; 
 superioribus lanceolato-linearibus, fioribus racemosis solitariis 
 alternis subglobosis, involucri foliolis rotundato-obovatis con- 
 cavis margine membranaceis ciliatis. 
 
 Liatris sphaeroidea. Mich. jlor. amer . 2. p. 92. Pursh. Jl. 
 amer. sept. 2. p. 509. Hurt. sub. lond . p. 180. 
 
 Root tuberous. Stems simple, erect, pubescent, 
 2 to 3 feet high. Leaves quite smooth, numerously 
 punctate, of a dark green, more or less falcate, bluntish ; 
 lower ones petiolate, broadly lanceolate ; upper ones 
 lanceolately-linear, sessile, slender at the base, more 
 or less twisted. Racemes long, many-flowered. Flowers 
 solitary, alternate, rather crowded, upper ones opening 
 first. Peduncles short and thick, pubescent. Involu- 
 cre nearly globular; leaflets loose and spreading, 
 roundly obovate, concave, ciliate, margins white and 
 transparent, sometimes tinged with red, scariose; inner 
 ones narrower, spatulate. Receptacle slightly convex, 
 naked, punctate. Florets large, from 25 to 30, tubu- 
 lar, 5-cleft, of a bright pink, or lilac ; tube scarcely as 
 long as the pappus, villous inside ; laciniae lanceolate, 
 acute, spreading, more than half the length of the tube. 
 Stamens 5, inserted in the tube ; filaments slender, 
 distinct, glandularly pubescent; anthers connected 
 
into a tube, but distinct at the points, of a dark purple. 
 Style smooth, about the length of the stamens. Stig- 
 mas 2, long and spreading, sometimes twisted, or 
 curled, slightly flattened, scarcely papillose, bluntish, 
 of a bright lilac. Seeds striate, densely hairy, and 
 crowned with a pappus of long white feathered hairs. 
 
 This very handsome plant is a native of North 
 America. Pursh mentions it as growing on the high 
 mountains of Virginia and Carolina, and flowering 
 from August to October ; our plant did not agree so 
 well with his description of the leaflets of the involu- 
 crum as could be wished, yet we think there can be no 
 doubt but it is the same species ; in our plant, these 
 were generally bluntly rounded ; he describes them as 
 more pointed : every other part of his description per- 
 fectly agrees with our plant. 
 
 The plant from which our drawing was taken, was 
 imported last Autumn, from North America, by 
 Mr. Colvill ; it began flowering, this year, the begin- 
 ning of September, but did not ripen seeds, ow ing, we 
 believe, to the dampness of the atmosphere, as plants 
 of this genus in general seed freely ; it requires to be 
 planted in a warm border of rich light earth, and it 
 will also be well to protect some plants of it in frames 
 in Winter, as they are sometimes destroyed by very 
 hard frost, except covered with straw, or glass. It 
 may be propagated, but slowly, by dividing the root. 
 
 1. Involucre. 2. Capitulum split through the centre, to show the naked 
 dotted Receptacle. 3. Leaflet of the Involuerum. 4. Floret, showing the 
 pappus on the seed surrounding the tube. 5. Floret laid open, to show its vil- 
 lous inside, and the nerves. 6. Stamens, showing the distinct filaments and 
 connected anthers. 7. Seed, terminated by the Style and Stigmas. 
 

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88 
 
 IBERIS Tenoreana. 
 
 Tenores Candy -tuft. 
 
 Natural Order . Crucifers. DC, syst, nat.2, p, 139. 
 Subordo I. PLEURORHIZEJE. Supra fol, 46. 
 
 IBERIS. Supra fol. 50. 
 
 Sect. I. Iberidium. Radicula descendens. Semen im~ 
 marginatum. Septum simplex. DC. prodr. 1. p. 179. 
 
 § 1. Pedicellis fructiferis corymbosis , caulibus suffrutescen - 
 tibus perennibus . 
 
 I. Tenoreana , basi suffrutescens puberula, foliis subcarnosis 
 crenatis : inferioribus obovatis basi attenuatis ; superioribus 
 oblongo-linearibus, siliculis subcorymbosis emarginatis. DC. 
 Syst. nat. 2. p. 404. Prodr . 1. p. 179. 
 
 Iberis cepeaefolia. Tenor, prod. jl. nap. p. xxxvn. non. Lin. 
 
 Root perennial. Stems short, suffruticose at the 
 base, branching ; branches 2 to 4 inches in length, 
 slightly pubescent ; side ones prostrate, ascending, 
 middle ones erect. Leaves fleshy, slightly toothed, or 
 crenate, slightly ciliate at the base ; lower ones atte- 
 nuated at the base into a kind of footstalk, obovate, 
 blunt ; upper ones oblong, or inclining to linear, obtuse. 
 Flowers umbellate, white, (sometimes purple, accord- 
 ing to Decandolle.) Pedicles close together, densely 
 pubescent. Calyx of 4 sepals, which are short, oblong, 
 concave, obtuse, tipped with red, or purple. Petals 4, 
 unequal, oblongly obovate, the outer ones 2 or 3 times 
 larger than the inner. Stamens 6, 2 shorter than the 
 others; filaments slender, smooth, attached to the 
 back of the anthers. Silicles rounded at the base, 
 
emarginate at the apex ; lobes and sinus acute. Style 
 elongated beyond the lobes. Stigma slightly capitate. 
 
 The present little plant is well adapted for the orna- 
 menting of rock-work, or for planting at the front of 
 flower-borders. It was raised at the Nursery of 
 Mr. Colvill, in 1822, from seeds received from the 
 Continent ; and several plants flowered the following 
 May, but not so fine as they did this Summer, when 
 they had acquired more strength ; some of them 
 bloomed again in Autumn, but not so strong as the 
 Spring flowers ; they appear to the greatest advantage 
 before they are all expanded, as the red calyx of the 
 unopened flowers, mixed with the white blossoms, 
 gives it a pretty variegated appearance. 
 
 When grown in small pots, and protected in a frame, 
 in severe weather, it will bloom much earlier in Spring, 
 but it will not bear much artificial forcing, as it draws 
 up very weak if kept too warm ; it succeeds well in any 
 rich light earth, or if planted in pots, a mixture of 
 sandy loam and peat will suit it very well. Cuttings 
 taken off in the young wood in Spring, and planted 
 under hand-glasses, will strike root readily ; it may 
 also be raised from seeds, which are sometimes pro- 
 duced. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. One of the large Petals. 3. One of the smaller ditto. 4. The 
 6 Stamens, 2 shorter than the others. 5. Silicle, or Pod, in a young state. 
 6. The same in a more advanced state, terminated by the Style and Stigma. 
 
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89 
 
 AGERATUM mexicanitm. 
 
 Mexican Ageratum. 
 
 Natural Order . Composite. Adanson Fam. 2. 103. 
 
 Sect. III. Eupatoreje. Kunth Synops. 2. p. 408. 
 AGERATUM. Involucrum campanulato-hemisphaericum, 
 polyphyllum, subsequale, multiflorum. Receptaculum nudum. 
 Flosculi omnes tubulosi, bermaphroditi. Antherce inclusae. 
 Stigma exsertum. Akenia quinquangularia, squamulis subulatis 
 aut breviter aristatis coronata. Herbae aut frutices. Folia 
 opposita , inteqra. Flores corymbosi, violacei aut albidi. Kunth 
 synops. 2. p. 437. 
 
 A. mexicanum, caule herbaceo ramoso diffuso ; ramis adscen- 
 dentibus hispidis, foliis rugosis crenatis piloso-pubescentibus 
 obtusiusculis : inferioribus cordatis reticulato-venosis ; supe- 
 rioribus ovatis basi rotundatis triplinerviis, paleis pappi lan- 
 ceolatis basi membranaceis apice aristatis subdenticulatis. 
 
 Ageratum mexicanum. Bot. mag . 2524. 
 
 Annual , about a foot in height, much branched. 
 Branches spreading, upper ones erect, the others 
 ascending, hispidly pubescent. Leaves rugose, blunt- 
 ish, crenate, or toothed with blunt rounded teeth, 
 slightly hairy on the upper side, hairy and pubescent 
 on the lower; lower ones as broad as long, petiolate, 
 cordate at the base, reticulately veined underneath ; 
 upper ones ovate, triply-nerved, less toothed, or rarely 
 entire, nearly sessile. Petioles deeply channelled on 
 the upper side and rounded on the lower, glandularly 
 hairy. Flowers paniculately corymbose, of a light 
 blue, inclining to violet. Bractes several, some at the 
 base of, others on the pedicles, the lower ones largest, 
 
 2 A 
 
lanceolate, acute; the others linear, or subulate. 
 Pedicles slightly angular, hispid. Involucre hemis- 
 pherical, many-leaved, imbricate; leaflets equal, lan- 
 ceolate, taper-pointed, hairy and ciliate. Receptacle 
 convex, naked. Florets numerous, crowded, all her- 
 maphrodite, tubular, 4 or 5 toothed, teeth reflexed. 
 Anthers included in the tube. Stigmas exserted, long 
 and spreading, thickest at the points. Seeds black, 
 5-angular, slender at the base, crowned with a pappus 
 of 4 or 5 unequal lanceolate paleae, which are flat and 
 membranaceous at the base, and terminated by a long 
 bristle like awn, or sometimes by 2 or 3 short teeth. 
 
 This handsome annual plant is of late introduction 
 to our flower-gardens, the seeds having been lately 
 brought from Mexico, by Mr. Bullock, and raised at 
 the Nursery of Mr. Tate, Sloane Street, with many 
 other rare and choice plants. The best method of 
 raising it is to sow the seed early in Spring, in a hot- 
 house, or green-house, or on a hot-bed, and to plant 
 out the young plants in the open borders, where they 
 will continue to flower all the Summer, and ripen their 
 seeds. If the seeds are sown in the open ground, the 
 plants will be later coming into flower, and there will 
 not be so good a chance of procuring plenty of ripe 
 seeds ; to have the plants strong and healthy, they 
 should be as much as 6 or 9 inches apart, as the 
 branches spread considerably; they will thrive best in 
 a rich light soil, and a sheltered situation. 
 
 Our drawing was made at the Nursery of Mr. Tate, 
 last Summer. 
 
 1. Involucre, with the leaflets cleared from one side, to show the convex 
 naked Receptacle. 2. Floret spread open, to show the insertion of the Sta- 
 mens. 3. Seed, terminated by the floret. 4. The same divested of the floret, 
 showing the awned pappus, and terminated by the Style and Stigmas. 5. Leaflet 
 of the Involucre. 
 

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90 
 
 SCUTELLARIA alpina. 
 
 Alpine Skull-cap . 
 
 Natural Order, Labiate. Brown prodr, 499. 
 SCUTELLARIA, Supra fol. 45. 
 
 S. alpina, foliis cordatis inciso-serratis crenatis, spicis imbri- 
 oatis rotundato-tetragonis, bracteis flore duplo brevioribus. 
 Willden. sp. pi, 3. p. 17. Pers. syn. 2. p. 136. PL rar. 
 hung. 2. p. 146. 1. 137. Hort. Kew. ed . 2. v . 3. p. 427. 
 
 Perennial. Stems spreading, quadrangular, thickly 
 clothed with long villous hairs, branching in all 
 directions. Leaves opposite, cordate, lower ones 
 deeply serrate, upper ones crenate, bluntish, strongly 
 and numerously nerved underneath, and furrowed 
 above, hairy on both sides. Petioles short and flat, 
 longest on the lower leaves, scarcely any on the upper, 
 covered with long hairs. Spikes of flowers terminating 
 the branches, 3 or 4 inches long, imbricate, roundly 
 4-sided. Bractes sessile, ovate, acute, cucullate, 
 many-nerved underneath, thin and membranaceous, 
 covered with villous hairs, about half the length of the 
 flowers. Calyx 2-lipped, entire, villous, at first very 
 small, but increasing in size before the fruit ripens, and 
 in which it is enclosed. Corolla tubular, ringent, 
 villous; helmet purple; lower lip emarginate, white, 
 with 3 violet coloured stripes on the upper side. 
 Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, 2 longer than the 
 others ; filaments declining, smooth ; anthers incum- 
 
 2 a 2 
 
bent, fimbriate. Style smooth, about the length of the 
 shortest stamens. Stigma a simple point. Seeds 4, 
 naked, angular, enclosed in the calyx. 
 
 This pretty herbaceous plant is a native of Hungary ; 
 it is quite hardy, and flowers from June to August, 
 and sometimes continues in bloom till October ; it 
 seldom exceeds 6 or 9 inches in height ; but the 
 branches spread round to a considerable distance, so 
 that it is requisite to cut it back in Winter, to keep it 
 within bounds. It succeeds well in the common garden 
 soil, and will grow in rather a shady situation, where 
 many plants that are more tender will not thrive. It is 
 readily increased by dividing at the root, or by seeds, 
 which ripen plentifully. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant at the Garden 
 belonging to the Apothecaries’ Company, at Chelsea, 
 last Summer. 
 
 1. Calyx, opened at the mouth, to show the 4 Seeds. 2. Corolla spread open, 
 to show the 4 Stamens. 3. Style and Stigma. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
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91 
 
 RICHARDSONIA scabra. 
 
 Rough-leaved Richardsonia. 
 
 Natural Order. Rubiacea:. Juss. gen. p. 196*. 
 
 Sect. II. Spermacoceje . Fructus bi-aut rarissime tricoccus, 
 siccus ; coccis monospermis. Stamina 4, rarissime 5 aut 6. 
 Herbae, suffrutices aut frutices. Folia opposita, mediante va- 
 gina ciliata. Kunth syn. 3. p. 14. 
 
 RICHARDSONIA. Calyx superus, 6-8-partitus ; laciniis 
 aequalibus. Corolla infundibuliformis ; limbo 6-8-fido, aequali. 
 Stamina 6-8, exserta. Ovarium tricoccum. Stylus 1, apice 
 trifidus. Stigmata oblongo-capitata. Capsula tricocca, calyce 
 persistente coronata ; coccis 1-spermis. Herbas diffusa, facie 
 Spermacocis. Flores terminales , capitato-congesti , albi . Kunth 
 syn. 3. p. 19. 
 
 R. scabra , caule hispido brachiato, foliis ellipticis nervosis 
 scabris, involucris 2-phyllis. 
 
 Richardia scabra. Lin. sp. pi. p. 470. Lam. ill. t. 254. Pers . 
 syn. 1 . p. 392. 
 
 Annual. Stems spreading, brachiate, thickly clothed 
 with spreading unequal white hairs ; branches ascend- 
 ing. Leaves opposite, elliptical or oval, gradually 
 attenuated at both ends, narrowing at the base down 
 the petioles, very rough to the touch, occasioned by 
 numerous minute tubercles, on which grow short rigid 
 decumbent hairs, margins ciliate, underneath strongly 
 nerved, the nerves branching from the midrib at regular 
 distances. Petioles , or base of the leaf deeply chan- 
 nelled on the upper side, and convex on the lower, 
 fringed. Stipules joined to the base of the petioles, 
 connate, sheathing the stem, membranaceous, and 
 toothed with several sharp subulate teeth that are 
 
bearded at the points. Flowers terminal, white, in a 
 close crowded head. Involucre of 2 broadly ovate 
 sessile leaves, which are strongly and numerously 
 nerved underneath. Calyx superior, 6 to 8 parted, 
 segments radiately spreading, broadly lanceolate, 
 acute, fringed. Corolla funnel-form, limb 6-parted, 
 the segments equal, radiately spreading. Stamens 6, 
 inserted in the tube, and exserted beyond the mouth ; 
 filaments stout, smooth ; anthers incumbent ; pollen 
 white, granular. Style about the length of the stamens, 
 smooth, 3-cleft at the point. Stigmas 3, oblongly 
 capitate, rough. Capsule 3-coccus, or 3 joined toge- 
 ther, each producing one seed, and crowned with the 
 persistent calyx. 
 
 This curious annual plant is a native of South Ame- 
 rica, and was raised last Summer at the Nursery of 
 Mr. Colvill, from seeds received from Germany. It suc- 
 ceeds well in a warm border of rich light earth, where 
 it should be sown about the middle of April, if the 
 weather prove favourable ; the plants will then have 
 time to flower, and ripen their seeds ; if sown later, 
 there will not be so good a chance of the seed ripening. 
 It seldom exceeds 6 inches in height, but spreads its 
 branches to a considerable distance; so that the 
 young plants should not be allowed to grow too close 
 together, as they will injure each other, and will not 
 thrive so well. 
 
 Our drawing was made at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 in August last. 
 
 1. Capsule, crowned with the persistent Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, to 
 show the insertion of the Stamens. 3. Style deft in three at the point, and 
 terminated by 3 oblongly capitate Stigmas. 
 
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92 
 
 SILENE picta. 
 
 Painted flowered Catchfly . 
 
 Natural Order . CaryophyllejE. DC. prodr. syst. nat. 1, 
 p. 351. 
 
 SILENE. Supra fol. 58. 
 
 Sect. VII. Si phono morph A. Caulescentes . Flores pa- 
 niculati raro solitarii ; pedicelli oppositi breves. Calyx tubu- 
 latus. 
 
 § 2. Floribus erectis, calycibus elongatis clavatis. 
 
 S. picta , caulibus ramosissimis vix pubescentibus, foliis inferio- 
 ribus obovato-spathulatis : superioribus linearibus acutis, 
 floribus laxe paniculatis, calycibus clavatis rubro-striatis, 
 petalis bipartitis reticulatis. DC. prodr. 1. p. 380. 
 
 Silene picta. Fers. syn. 1. p. 498. Willd. enum. 1. p. 477. 
 Link enum. 1. p. 426. Steudel nomen. p. 779. 
 
 Silene anastomosans. Lag. gen. et spec. 15. 
 
 Silene Reinwardtii. Roth. 
 
 Annual. Stems erect, from 2 to 3 feet high, much 
 branched ; branches erect, dichotomously panicled, 
 very slender, knotted at the joints, smooth and glossy, 
 slightly glaucous. Leaves opposite, linear, acute, 
 channelled. Flowers elegantly painted with purple 
 stripes, proceeding from the upper forks of the branches, 
 which lengthen out and produce other flowers. Pe- 
 duncles short, some longer than others, nearly cylin- 
 drical. Calyx tubular, slender at the base, clavate, 
 5-toothed, and striped with 10 purple lines; teeth 
 purple. Petals 5, unguiculate, the unguis longer than 
 the calyx ; limb bifid, elegantly striped with purple, 
 darkest underneath, all joined together at the mouth 
 
by the crown ; crown on each petal bifid, decurrent 
 down the unguis, each segment 4-toothed. Stamens 10, 
 every other one attached to the base of the petal, the 
 others inserted in the receptacle ; filaments smooth, 
 gradually tapering upwards ; anthers attached by the 
 back, a little above the base, 2-celled. Germen smooth. 
 Styles 3, roughened inwards. 
 
 Our drawing of this elegant annual plant was taken 
 in September last, at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, where 
 it was grown in the open air with other hardy annuals. 
 It may be considered an Autumn flowering plant, as it 
 continues to bloom till the frost destroys it. The seeds 
 should be sown early in Spring, otherwise there will 
 be no chance of obtaining ripe seeds ; the beginning or 
 middle of April, if the weather permits, is the best 
 time for sowing them ; they will succeed well in any 
 common garden soil, and they require to be a good 
 distance apart, as they grow to the height of from % to 
 3 feet, and branch round to a considerable distance, 
 each plant should be as much as 9 inches apart, other- 
 wise they will crowd each other, and will not thrive 
 near as well. It is not at present ascertained of what 
 country the present subject is a native, but from its 
 habit we suspect it to be either Barbary, or the South 
 of Europe. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. The 5 Petals spread open, showing the 5 Stamens, each 
 attached to the base. 3. The other 5 Stamens inserted in the receptacle. 
 4. Petal, showing the toothed Crown. 5. Germen, terminated by the 3 Styles 
 and Stigmas, the latter a little roughish on the inward side. 
 

 
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93 
 
 DRACOCEPHALUM speciosum. 
 
 Beautiful Dragon s-head. 
 
 Natural Order, Labiate. Brown prod. 499. 
 
 Sect. IV. Stamina 4 fertilia. Corolla bilabiata. Calyx 
 bilabiatus. Juss. gen. 115. 
 
 DRACOCEPHALUM. Supra fol. 38. 
 
 D. speciosum , caule erecto obtuse tetragono paniculato-ramoso, 
 foliis lato-lanceolatis sessilibus argute serratis basi integerrimis, 
 spicis elongatis tetragonis confertifloris, bracteis lanceolatis 
 acuminatis, calycis dentibus acutis inferioribus longioribus. 
 
 Dracocephalum speciosum. Horlulanorum. 
 
 Perennial. Stems several from the same root, 
 3 to 4 feet high, erect, much branched, bluntly 4-sided, 
 smooth and glossy. Leaves sessile, broadly lanceolate, 
 acute, deeply and sharply serrated, particularly near 
 the point, entire at the base, rather succulent, smooth 
 and glossy, many-nerved, the nerves branching, but 
 rather inconspicuous. Spikes more or less panicled, 
 erect, regularly 4-sided, elongated, the flowers rather 
 crowded. Bractes lanceolate, taper-pointed, broad at 
 the base, scarcely as long as the calyx. Pedicles very 
 short, pubescent. Calyx tubular, 5-cleft, slightly 
 pubescent : segments acute, the upper one rather the 
 broadest and shortest. Corolla bilabiate, inflated near 
 the mouth, slender at the base, of a bright reddish 
 lilac, strongly veined at the back, from which branch 
 several pale lines : upper lip entire, arched : lower lip 
 3-lobed, lobes spreading, truncate, the middle one 
 largest, reflexed. Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, 
 
 2 b 
 
2 rather longer than the others : filaments bearded : 
 anthers incumbent, 2-celled : pollen white. Style 
 smooth. Stigma 2-cleft, with acute points. 
 
 This fine species of Dracocephalum is a native of 
 North America, and has been introduced to our gar- 
 dens within these few years, where it has always been 
 cultivated under the name that we have adopted, but 
 we do not find it any where recorded. It belongs to 
 the same section of the genus as D. denticulatum, and 
 1). virginianum , but is readily distinguished from both 
 by its panicled habit. 
 
 The spikes of flowers in this species are regularly 
 4-sided, although, when growing in the garden, the 
 flowers are often seen to be all facing one way ; this is 
 owing to the short and weak pedicles, and the weight of 
 the flower, keeping it so firm on the bracte, that what- 
 ever way the wind blows it, there it remains ; so that 
 when the wind blows strong from any quarter, the 
 flowers are always facing the opposite direction. If 
 a branch is cut off and held in the hand, the flowers 
 may be moved by the other hand in the same manner, 
 either all to one side, or some to one side, and some to 
 the other, and wherever they are placed, there they 
 will remain. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a fine plant, in Sep- 
 tember last, at the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley, Brames, 
 and Milne, at Fulham. It succeeds well in the open 
 ground in a rich light soil, where it will attain the 
 height of 3 or 4 feet ; and it may be readily increased 
 by dividing at the root. 
 
 1 Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open, to show the insertion of the Stamens. 
 3. One of the Stamens detached. 4. The 4 Seeds with the Style between 
 them, terminated by a cleft Stigma. 
 

 
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94 
 
 RANUNCULUS monspeliacus. 
 var. p. cuneatus. 
 
 Wedge- lobed Montpelier Crowfoot . 
 
 Natural Order . RANUNCULACEiE. DC, syst. v. 1. p. 127. 
 
 Tribus III. RANUNCULEJE. JEstivatio calycis et corollas 
 imbricata. Petala bilabiata aut intus squamul& ad basin aucta. 
 Carpella 1-sperma sicca indehiscentia. Semen e rectum. Folia 
 radicalia aut alterna. DC. p. 130. 
 
 RANUNCULUS, Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis basi non solutis 
 deciduis. Petala 5 rarius 10 intus basi squamula foveolave 
 nectarifera instructa. Stamina ovariaque numerosa ; Cariop - 
 sides ovatae subcompressae, in mucronem aut cornu semine vix 
 longius desinentes, laeves striatae aut tuberculatae, in capitulum 
 globosum cylindraceumve dispositae. Herbae annua aut stepius 
 perennes. Radices fibrosce , fasciculated aut grumosa ; caules 
 teretes , erecti procumbentes aut interdiim radicantes ; folia 
 Integra dentata aut multifida t pier ague radicalia , caulina ad 
 originem ramorum pedunculorumque sita. Pedunculi termi- 
 nates axillares aut oppositifolii ; flores albi aut lutei, rarissimb 
 purpurei, ferb omnes inodor i. DC. p. 231. 
 
 Sect. II. Ran UNCU last rum. Carpella laevia compressa, 
 in spicam digesta. Radix grumosa. DC. prodr. 1. p. 27. 
 
 R. monspeliacus, foliis lanuginosis ; radicalibus trilobis ; lobis 
 cuneatis trifido-dentatis ; superioribus tripartitis ; lobis inte- 
 gris linearibus, caule erecto pauciflora, calyce reflexo, car- 
 pellorutn spica ovata. DC. syst. 1. p. 260. Prodr. 1. p. 28. 
 Swt. hort. brit. p. 5. ined. 
 
 a angustilobus, lobis foliorutn angustis elongatis. R. illyricus. 
 
 Besl. syst. vein. ord. 1. t. 13. f. 1. Willden. enum. 589. 
 
 0 cuneatus , lobis foliorum cuneiformibus apice trifido-dentatis. 
 R. monspeliacus. DC. ic. gall. rar. t. 50. R. apiifolius. 
 Desf. in pict . hort. par. 37. t. 73. non Pers. 
 y rotundifolius, foliis rotundatis trifidis, lobis dentatis obtusis. 
 R. monspeliacus. Gou. fl. monsp. 279. Poir.dict. 6. p. 111. 
 
 2 B 2 
 
Roots clustered, tuberous, with fibres intermixed. 
 Leaves at first nearly round, 3-lobed, lobes 2 or 
 3- toothed ; the next are deeply 3-lobed, or 3-parted ; 
 the lobes or segments cuneate, trifid or dentate; upper 
 ones 3-parted, segments linear, entire, or 3-toothed, all 
 thickly covered with villous canescent down. Petioles 
 a little flattened, and furrowed on the upper side, and 
 rounded on the lower ; the upper ones sheathing the 
 peduncles, villous. Stem erect, from 6 inches to a 
 foot in height, from 3 to 9-flowered. Peduncles cylin- 
 drical, downy. Calyx of 5 sepals, deciduous ; sepals 
 ovate, obtuse, concave, villous, reflexed. Petals 5, 
 very large, broadly obovate, of a light yellow. Stamens 
 numerous ; filaments slender, smooth, attached to the 
 base of the anthers, which are about the length of the 
 filaments. Spike of seeds ovate. Seeds flat, smooth, 
 obliquely taper-pointed. 
 
 A native of Montpelier, and, according to M. Decan- 
 dolle, a very variable species ; but that seems to be 
 chiefly owing to the situation in which it grows. It is 
 generally known in our gardens by the name of 
 R. philadelphicus, but how it came by that appellation 
 we have not ascertained. In a rich light soil, it will 
 attain a foot in height, and produce about 9 flowers on 
 a stalk ; in poorer soil, it will be considerably less ; 
 the flowers are very large, of a bright yellow, and very 
 ornamental, and the roots are very similar to the com- 
 mon garden Ranunculus, R. asiaticus. It thrives well 
 in the open air, in the common garden soil, and readily 
 increases by dividing at the root. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, the beginning 
 of last June. 
 
 1. The reflexed Calyx. 2. One of the Petals. 3. Stamens inserted in the 
 Receptacle. 4. Stamen detached. 5. Spike of Seeds. 6. Seed detached. 
 
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95 
 
 ASARUM canadense. 
 
 Canadian Asarabacca. 
 
 Natural Order. Aristolochia:. Brown prodr. 349. 
 ASA RUM. Supra fol 18. 
 
 A. canadense , foliis lato-reniformibus geminatis, perianthium 
 lanatum profunde tripartitum : laciniis sublanceolatis reflexis. 
 Asarum canadense. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 279. Willd. sp. pi. 2. 
 p. 838. Lam. ill. t. 394.’ f. 2. Pers. syn. 2. p. 1. Pursh . 
 fl. amer. 2. p. 596. Lodd. bot. cab. 889. 
 
 Asarum carolinianum. Walt.Jlor. car. 143. 
 
 Asarum latifolium. Salisb. prodr. 344. 
 
 Roots tufted, fibrous, of a spicy scent. Branches 
 short, simple, spreading, terminated by 2 leaves, and 
 a flower between them. Leaves broadly reniform ; 
 while young, acute, but becoming bluntly rounded by 
 age, very soft to the touch, pubescent on both sides ; 
 sinus generally overlapping at the base. Petioles stout 
 at the base, and tapering upwards, flattened on the 
 upper side, and rounded on the lower, densely clothed 
 with villous down. Flowers on short footstalks. Pe- 
 duncles cylindrical, villous, nodding. Perianthium 
 campanulate, villous, deeply 3-parted, of a pale brown 
 colour; laciniae lanceolate, taper-pointed, more or less 
 reflexed, sides rolled back. Stamens 12, every other 
 one longest, seated on the capsule. Style short, fleshy. 
 Stigma stellately 6-parted, blunt, and fleshy. Capsule 
 inferior, 6-celled, with several seeds in each cell. 
 
A native of North America, growing, according to 
 Pursh, in shady rocky situations, from Canada to 
 Carolina ; “ the root is highly aromatic, and known by 
 the inhabitants of those countries by the name of 
 Wild Ginger.” With us it is quite hardy, produc- 
 ing its curious flowers in May, and thriving well in a 
 light sandy soil, in a shady situation ; this makes it the 
 more desirable, as it will thrive where many other 
 plants will not ; its branches are short, but have an 
 inclination to spread ; the leaves are large, and the 
 footstalks densely clothed with long villous hairs ; this 
 is not represented in Mr. Loddiges’ figure. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a plant that we received 
 from the Nursery of Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and 
 Milne, in May last. It is readily increased by dividing 
 at the root. 
 
 1. One of the segments of the Perianthium. 2. The 12 Stamens spread 
 open, to show their insertion, every other one longest. 3. The large 6 cleft 
 Stigma. 
 
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96 
 
 IRIS dichotoma. 
 
 Forked-petaled Iris. 
 
 Natural Order. IridEjE. Brown prodr. 302. 
 IRIS. Supra fol. 68. 
 
 I. dichotoma , foliis ensiformibus falcatis, scapis teretibus pani- 
 culato-ramosis, spathis terminalibus diphyllis multifloris, 
 perianthii tubo fere nullo : laciniis exterioribus subbarbatis ; 
 interioribus apice bifidis. 
 
 Iris dichotoma. Willden . sp. pi. 1. p. 230. Pallas it. 3. p. 712. 
 t. A. f. 2. Rcem. et Schult. syst. 1. p. 464. Pers. syn . 1. 
 p. 52. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 120. Bot . reg. 246. Link 
 enum . 1. p. 58. 
 
 Iris pomeridiana. Fischer Mss. 
 
 Root tuberous. Stem from a foot to 18 inches in 
 height. Leaves ensiform, more or less falcate, of a 
 white glaucous colour. Scape cylindrical, paniculately 
 branching, leafy, smooth. Sheaths terminal, 2-leaved, 
 many-flowered : leaflets ovate, concave, points scariose. 
 Peduncles long and slender, flattened on the inside, 
 and keeled on the outer, about twice the length of the 
 sheath. Germen oblong, bluntly 3-cornered. Perian- 
 thium divided nearly to the base into 6 segments ; 
 outer ones linearly oblong, obtuse, with crenulate 
 points, reflexed from about the middle, of a light pur- 
 ple tinged with brown, and variegated near the base, 
 with a large white patch in the centre, slightly bearded, 
 and more or less spotted with purple ; inner segments 
 obovate, attenuated to the base, the points bifid, or 
 forked, and sometimes toothed, of a light purple. 
 Stamens 3, inserted in the base of the laciniae, about 
 
half the length of the stigmas : filaments flat, smooth : 
 anthers linear, 2-celled : 'pollen pale yellow. Style 
 short. Stigmas 3, petal-like, channelled at the back, 
 and keeled inwards, deeply bifid, the segments taper- 
 pointed and twisted. 
 
 This beautiful and very distinct species of Iris, in 
 habit, approaches the genus Pardanthus, and appears 
 to be the connecting link between the two genera. It 
 also differs from all the other known species, in the 
 expansion of its flowers, those never opening till the 
 afternoon, which occasioned Dr. Fischer to give it the 
 appropriate name of I. pomeridiana . It is a native of 
 Dahuria, but is rather more tender than some other 
 species, suffering much from an over abundance of 
 moisture, so that it should be planted in a dry open 
 situation, and in a light soil, where the wet will pass 
 off readily ; it is also well to preserve some plants of it 
 in pots, to be placed in frames in very wet or very cold 
 weather ; they can then be planted in the borders in 
 Spring. It may be increased by seeds, or by dividing 
 at the root. 
 
 Our drawing was taken from a very strong plant, at 
 the Chelsea Botanic Garden, last Summer, where it 
 was raised from seed that Mr. Anderson received from 
 Dr. Fischer* 
 
 1. Reduced figure of the Plant, showing how the scape terminates the Branch. 
 2. One of the outer leaflets of the Perianthium. 3. One of the inner ditto, 
 showing its forked point. 4. Stigma, showing its bifid point, and the twisted 
 tips. 5. The 3 Stamens. 
 
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97 
 
 BAPTISIA exaltata. 
 
 Tall upright Baptisia. 
 
 Natural Order. Leguminosa;. Juss. gen. 345. 
 
 Div. IV. ( P APILION ACEJE ) Corolla irregularis papilio- 
 nacea. Stamina distincta, aut rarb basi coalita. Legumen 
 uniloculare bivalve. Frutices aut herbce ; folia simplicia aut 
 ternata aut imparLpinnata. Juss. gen. 351. 
 
 BAPTISIA. Calyx semi-4-5-fidus, bilabiatus. Corolla 
 papilionacea, petalis longitudine subaequalibus : vexillum late- 
 ribus reflexis. Stamina 10, decidua. Legumen ventricosum, 
 pedicellatum, polyspermum. Brown. Hort . Kew . ed. 2. v. 3. p. 5. 
 
 B. exaltata , caule erecto ramoso, foliis ternatis petiolatis ; fo- 
 liolis lanceolato-obovatis petiolo quintuplo longioribus, stipulis 
 lanceolatis acuminatis petiolo triplo longioribus, racemis 
 multifloris elongatis ramis duplo longioribus, floribus sparsis 
 distantibus, calyce 4-fido : laciniis inferioribus acutis. # 
 
 Perennial. Stems several from the same root, erect, 
 branching, when in flower from 3 to 4 feet high ; 
 branches erect, smooth, furrowed. Leaves ternate, 
 petiolate, smooth, glaucous : leaflets lanceolately-obo- 
 vate, bluntish, about 3 inches long, and scarcely 
 1 broad. Petiole about half an inch long, channelled 
 on the upper side, and rounded on the lower. Stipules 
 lanceolate, taper-pointed, 3 times longer than the pe- 
 tiole. Raceme very long, many-flowered, above 2 feet 
 in length when in flower, double the length of the 
 
 * B. australis , caule ramoso diffuso, foliis ternatis brevissime petiolatis: 
 foliolis oblongo cuneatis obtusis petiolo quadruplo longioribus, stipulis lan- 
 ceolatis acutis petiolo duplo longioribus, racemis paucifloris ramis brevioribus, 
 calyce quadrifido : laciniis inferioribus obtusis. 
 
 2 c 
 
branches. Flowers scattered, solitary, or in pairs, 
 distant, of a dark blue colour. Pedicles about the 
 length of the calyx. Calyx 4-cleft, segments scarcely 
 as long as the tube ; upper one longest, emarginate ; 
 lower ones acute. Corolla papilionaceous : petals 4, 
 nearly equal, connivent, unguiculate, eared above the 
 unguis, the inner ones of a lighter colour : vexillum 
 shorter than the petals, unguiculate, emarginate, chan- 
 nelled inside, and keeled at the back, sides scarcely 
 reflexed. Stamens 10 : filaments distinct, smooth, 
 nearly as long as the petals, included between them, 
 attached to the back of the anthers : anthers 2-celled : 
 pollen yellow. Style smooth. Stigma a simple point. 
 
 The present stately perennial plant is a native of 
 North America, and was introduced from thence in 
 the year 1812, by the late Mr. John Lyons, at the sale 
 of whose plants it was sold by the name of Podalyria 
 exaltata ; we were afraid that it was again lost to our 
 collections, until we were agreeably surprised, the year 
 before last, in seeing it growing very strong, and 
 flowering luxuriantly, in the Apothecaries’ Garden, at 
 Chelsea, where our drawing was taken. It is readily 
 distinguished from B. australis , by its much stronger 
 and upright growth ; the latter species was growing 
 beside it in the same collection, so that the difference 
 was readily perceptible; we do not know that the 
 present species exists in any other collection. It suc- 
 ceeds well in the open air, in the common garden soil ; 
 and we have no doubt but it might be increased by 
 dividing at the root, in the same manner as B. australis; 
 we also believe it would produce perfect seeds, if pains 
 were taken to fertilize the stigmas with the pollen, 
 when in bloom. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. The 2 alas, or wings, of the Corolla. 3. The Keel spread open. 
 4. Vexillum. 5. The 10 Stamens. 6. The same spread open. 7. The young 
 Pod terminated by a smooth Style, and simple Stigma. 
 
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 MONARDA media. 
 
 Bright Purple Monarda . 
 
 ■ — 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. I. Stamina 2 fertilia; v. dum 4 fertilia. Antherae 
 omnium dimidiatae. 
 
 MONARDA. Calyx cylindricus striatus 5-dentatus. Co - 
 rolla cylindrica longior bilabiata : superius recta angusta inte- 
 gra, filamenta simplicia involvente ; inferius reflexa latior 
 3-loba lobo medio longiore. Flores axillares verticillati , aut 
 capitati terminates . 
 
 M. media , caule obtusangulo pubescente, foliis cordato-ovatis 
 acuminatis grosse serratis rugosis supra nitidis subtus pu- 
 bescentibus, capitulis magnis subproliferis, bracteis coloratis ; 
 exterioribus ovatis acuminatis serratis; interioribus lanceo- 
 lato-linearibus integerrimis, labio inferiore lobo medio bifida. 
 
 Monarda media. Willden. enum. 1. p. 32. Link enum. 1. p. 9. 
 Hort . sub. lond. p. 6 
 
 Stems erect, bluntly quadrangular, from 18 inches 
 to 2 feet in height, branched, slightly pubescent, of a 
 dark purple colour. Leaves opposite, cordate, ovate, 
 taper-pointed, sharply serrate, rugose; upper side of 
 a glossy green, underneath pubescent, particularly 
 on the nerves, points a little reflexed. Petioles short, 
 deeply channelled on the upper side, and convex on 
 the lower, very hairy. Flowers in a close compact 
 head, of a bright purple, the upper ones expanding 
 first. Involucre of several purple-coloured bractes ; 
 the outer ones ovate, acuminate, sharply serrate, pu- 
 bescent; inner ones much narrower, lanceolate, or 
 linear, entire, and terminated in a long taper point. 
 
 2 c 2 
 
Calyx cylindrical, 5- toothed, striate, bearded between 
 the teeth, the teeth erect, rigid, of a dark purple. 
 Corolla tubular, very slender at the base, gradually 
 widening upwards, 2-lipped, pubescent : upper lip 
 straight, narrow, the point slightly reflexed, bent in at 
 the sides so as to enclose the stamens : lower lip 
 broader, 3-lobed, side lobes short, obtuse, middle one 
 long, cleft at the point. Stamens 2, fertile, and the 
 rudiments of 2 barren ones, which are very small and 
 gland-like, all inserted in the tube : filaments very 
 slender, smooth, longer than the corolla: anthers 
 joined by their back to the filaments, connected. 
 Style smooth, longer than the stamens. Stigma bifid, 
 the divisions unequal, slightly reflexed. 
 
 A beautiful hardy perennial plant, native of North 
 America, but when first introduced to this country 
 we have not ascertained, but believe it was first brought 
 home by Mr. Lyons ; it is not described by Mr. Pursh, 
 or Nuttall, in their Floras of North America, nor is it 
 amongst Mr. Pursh’s specimens now preserved in 
 Mr. Lambert’s Herbarium, which, by the kindness and 
 liberality of the owner, we w r ere permitted to examine ; 
 the first account of the plant we find published, is in 
 Willdenow’s enumeration of the plants cultivated in 
 the Botanic Garden at Berlin, where it had probably 
 been received from the English Gardens. It is a very 
 desirable plant for the flower garden, both from the 
 beauty of its flowers, and its agreeable fragrance. It 
 thrives well in the open air, in the common garden 
 soil, and is readily increased by dividing at the root. 
 
 Drawn at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, last Summer. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Upper lip of the Corolla. 3. Lower lip of ditto, showing the 
 2 fertile Stamens bent back, and the 2 barren ones between them. 4. Germen, 
 Style, and Stigma. 
 
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99 
 
 / 
 
 LOBELIA inflata. 
 
 Bladder-podded Lobelia. 
 
 Natural Order. Lobeliacea:. Jussieu . 
 
 LOBELIA. Corolla tubo hinc fisso (raro integro ;) limbo 
 5-partito. Anthera connatse. Stigma bilobum (nunc indivi- 
 sum.) Capsula bilocularis (raro 3-Iocularis,) apice supero bi- 
 valvi. — Herbae (v. Suffrutices) plerceque lactescentes. Folia 
 alterna, Integra v. laciniata y rard fistulosa. Flores racemosi 
 terminates , v. axillares solitarii, pedicellis bibracteatis v. nudis . 
 Antherae sapiils barbatce. Brown prodr. 562. 
 
 L. inflata , erecta, ramosa, hirsutissima, foliis ovatis serratis, 
 racemis foliosis, capsulis inflatis. Pursh fl. amer. sept. 2. 
 p . 448. 
 
 Lobelia inflata. Willden. sp. pi. 1. p. 946. Pers. sgn. 2. 
 p. 213. Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 77. Linn, in act. upsal . 1741. 
 p. 23. 1 . 1. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 359. Rcem. et Schult. 
 sgst. 5. p. 53. 
 
 Annual. Stem erect, branching, very hairy, purple 
 at the base, from 1 to 2 feet high ; branches slender, 
 spreading, hairy at the base, and smooth upwards. 
 Leaves ovate, sessile, running down the stem in a wing 
 on each side, concave, acute, the margins folded in- 
 wards, undulately serrate, the serratures tipped with 
 a kind of white gland§, more or less hairy on both 
 sides, strongly nerved underneath, rugged. Flowers 
 in terminal leafy racemes. Peduncles slender, shorter 
 than the leaves, without bractes. Calyx 5-cleft, seated 
 on the inferior germen, segments linear, taper-pointed, 
 spreading, smooth, or scarcely pubescent. Corolla 
 pale blue ; tube longitudinally cleft on the upper side, 
 
hairy within, and bearded at the mouth ; limb 5-parted, 
 upper lacinise erect, or slightly reflexed, linear, acute ; 
 lower ones ovate, bluntish, spreading. Stamens 5 ; 
 filaments distinct, hairy at the base : anthers connected. 
 Germen ribbed. Style smooth. Stigma 2-lobed, 
 fringed. Capsule inflated, nearly globular, crowned 
 with the calyx. 
 
 Our drawing of this pretty annual plant was taken 
 at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, last Autumn, where it 
 was raised from seeds received from North America. 
 It is quite hardy, and may be sown in the open borders 
 the latter end of March, or beginning of April ; it 
 prefers a rich light soil, and an open situation, as much 
 exposed to the sun as possible ; for if it grow in too 
 shady an aspect, the seed will scarcely come to per- 
 fection, as its time of flowering is late in the season. 
 It might also be sown in pots early in Spring, and 
 brought forward in a greenhouse, or frame, and after- 
 wards planted into the borders ; by that means the 
 plants will flower earlier, and the seeds will be more 
 likely to come to maturity. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla spread open. 3. Stamens, showing the distinct Fila- 
 ments and united Anthers. 4. Germen, terminated by the Style and Stigma. 
 5. Ripe Capsule. 
 
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 n:<\&Yvw : *>rfj ifi viifid «loflilaib 
 
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 ylhojBin oi omoa ot 
 
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STACHYS sibirica. 
 
 Siberian Hedge-nettle. 
 
 Natural Order. Labiate. Brown prodr. 499. 
 
 Sect. III. Stamina 4 fertilia. Corolla bilabiata. Calyx 
 5-fidus. Juss . gen. 112. 
 
 STACHYS. Calyx angulatus 5-dentatus acuminatus. 
 Corolla labium superius fornicatum; labium inferius lateribus 
 reflexum ; intermedia majore emarginata. Stamina deflorata 
 versus latera reflexa. — Flores axillares aut verticillato-spicati 
 verticillis bracteatis , proximis aut distantibus. 
 
 S. sibirica , verticillis multifloris, calycibus subpungentibus, 
 foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis serratis supra hirtis subtus 
 mollissime tomentosis, caule erecto lanato. 
 
 Stachys sibirica. Link enum. 2. p. 109. 
 
 Perennial. Stems erect, from 1 to 2 feet high, 
 bluntly 4-sided, channelled, thickly clothed with long 
 villous down. Leaves opposite, oblong, or ovate, 
 tapering to a point, sharply serrate, very hairy on the 
 upper side, and densely clothed with soft wool on the 
 lower: lower ones cordate at the base. Petioles short, 
 much flattened and furrowed on the upper side y and 
 keeled on the lower, widened at the base and clasping 
 the stem, densely villous. Flowers in whorls round 
 the stem, of a bright lilac: whorls many-flowered. 
 Bractes numerous, unequal, linear, taper-pointed, vil- 
 lous. Pedicles short. Calyx ringent, angular, ven- 
 tricose, 5-toothed, villous, teeth taper-pointed, fringed. 
 Corolla bilabiate, hairy outside ; upper lip entire, 
 ovate, arched ; lower one large, 3-lobed, rugose, sides 
 
reflexed; side lobes short and blunt; terminal one 
 broad, truncate, margins uneven. Stamens 4, inserted 
 in the mouth, the 2 lower ones rather the shortest : 
 filaments hairy: anthers incumbent. Style smooth, 
 filiform. Stigma bifid, points spreading. 
 
 The present subject is a hardy perennial plant, 
 thriving well in the open borders, in the common gar- 
 den soil, where its abundance of lively blossoms make 
 a handsome appearance ; those are produced, in suc- 
 cession, from June to August. It is readily increased 
 by dividing at the root, or by seeds, which ripen 
 plentifully. 
 
 Our drawing was taken at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill, 
 last July. 
 
 1. Calyx. 2. Upper lip of the Corolla. 3. Lower lip of ditto, showing the 
 insertion of the 4 Stamens. 4. Two Stamens detached, showing the Anthers 
 stuck to each other. 5. The 4 naked Seeds, with the Style, and divided 
 Stigma. 
 
1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 »S 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 SYSTEMATICAL INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 Ranunculus monspeliacus, 
 v. cuneatus ........ .... 
 
 Paeonia lobata • • • * 
 
 Paeouia paradoxa fifimbriata • • 
 
 Glaucium fulvum 
 
 Mathiola tricuspidata 
 
 Schivereckia podolica ........ 
 
 Iberis Tenoreana 
 
 Iberis odorata 
 
 Malcomia Chia 
 
 Malcomia littorea 
 
 Hesperis fragrans 
 
 Viola pedata 
 
 Dianthus latifolius 
 
 Silene vespertina 
 
 Silene picta 
 
 Linum alpinum 
 
 Malva mauritiana 
 
 Irapatiens biflora 
 
 Coronilla iberica 
 
 Orobus albus 
 
 Astragalus tenuifolius 
 
 Anthyllis montanus 
 
 Baptisia exaltata • • * 
 
 Cuphea viscosissima 
 
 Rhexia mariana /?? rubella 
 
 GEnotbera macrocarpa 
 
 Claytonia sibirica 
 
 Saxifraga ligulata 
 
 Richardsonia seabra 
 
 Centaurea suaveolens 
 
 Liatris spicata * 
 
 Liatris sphoeroidea 
 
 Liatris squarrosa 
 
 Ammobium alatum 
 
 Ageratum mexicanum 
 
 Coreopsis lanceolata 
 
 Coreopsis tinctoria 
 
 Rudbeckia hirta 
 
 Rudbeckia serotina * p 
 
 Galinsogea trilobata 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense, v. invo- 
 
 lutum 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense, v. fas- 
 
 ciculatum 
 
 Calendula hybrida 
 
 Lobelia inflata 
 
 Gonolobus hirsutus 
 
 Phlox triflora ... 
 
 Ipomcea barbigera 
 
 Cuscuta verrucosa 
 
 N emophila phacelioides * • • • 
 
 
 50 
 
 94 
 
 51 
 
 70 
 
 52 
 
 19 
 
 53 
 
 35 
 
 54 
 
 46 
 
 55 
 
 77 
 
 56 
 
 88 
 
 57 
 
 50 
 
 58 
 
 40 
 
 59 
 
 54 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 61 
 
 69 
 
 62 
 
 2 
 
 63 
 
 58 
 
 64 
 
 92 
 
 65 
 
 17 
 
 66 
 
 81 
 
 67 
 
 43 
 
 68 
 
 25 
 
 69 
 
 22 
 
 70 
 
 73 
 
 71 
 
 79 
 
 72 
 
 97 
 
 73 
 
 60 
 
 74 
 
 41 
 
 75 
 
 5 
 
 76 
 
 16 
 
 77 
 
 59 
 
 78 
 
 91 
 
 79 
 
 51 
 
 80 
 
 49 
 
 81 
 
 87 
 
 82 
 
 44 
 
 83 
 
 48 
 
 84 
 
 89 
 
 85 
 
 10 
 
 86 
 
 72 
 
 87 
 
 82 
 
 88 
 
 4 
 
 89 
 
 56 
 
 90 
 
 
 91 
 
 7 
 
 92 
 
 
 93 
 
 14 
 
 94 
 
 39 
 
 95 
 
 99 
 
 96 
 
 1 
 
 97 
 
 29 
 
 98 
 
 86 
 
 99 
 
 6 
 
 100 
 
 32 
 
 
 Verbascum pyrainidatum • 
 
 Datura Tatula • 
 
 Hyoscyamus agrestis 
 
 Hyoscyamus physaloides « • 
 Hyoscyamus orientalis • * • • 
 
 Saracha umbellata 
 
 Veronica neglecta 
 
 Veronica latifoiia 
 
 Wulfenia carinthiaca 
 
 Sehizanthus pinnatus 
 
 Schizanthus porrigens * • » • 
 
 Mazus rugosus * • • 
 
 Pedicularis canadensis • • 
 
 Linaria bipartita 
 
 Monarda media 
 
 Salvia Tenorii 
 
 Phlomis laciniata 
 
 Phlomis pungens 
 
 Stachys sibirica • • * 
 
 Dracocephalum speciosum 
 Dracocephalum argunense 
 Dracocephalum canescens 
 
 Scutellaria orientalis 
 
 Scutellaria alpina 
 
 Scutellaria Column® 
 
 Primula Palinuri 
 
 Soldanella montana 
 
 Cyclamen vernum 
 
 Lysimachia verticillata 
 
 Globularia vulgaris 
 
 Globularia cordifolia 
 
 Taxanthema tatarica 
 Oxybaphus Cervantesii- • • • 
 
 Asarum virginicum 
 
 Asarum canadense 
 
 Orchis spectabilis • 
 
 Habenaria bracteata 
 
 Neottia cernua 
 
 Cypripedium parviflorum . • 
 Cypripedium pubescens * • 
 
 Iris hungarica * * * 
 
 Iris verna 
 
 Iris dichotoma 
 
 Renealmia grandiflora 
 Muscari botryoides. a. (5. y 
 Hemerocallis disticha • • • • 
 
 Lilium spectabile 
 
 Tulipa pubescens 
 
 Yucca glaucescens * 
 
 Commeiina coelestis 
 
 Symplocarpus foetidus • • » » 
 
 2 D 
 
 31 
 
 83 
 
 27 
 13 
 12 
 85 
 55 
 
 23 
 66 
 
 63 
 76 
 
 36 
 
 67 
 30 
 98 
 26 
 
 24 
 33 
 
 100 
 
 93 
 
 47 
 
 38 
 
 45 
 
 90 
 
 52 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 21 
 
 20 
 
 S4 
 
 37 
 
 84 
 18 
 
 95 
 65 
 62 
 42 
 80 
 7 i 
 
 74 
 
 68 
 
 96 
 
 64 
 15 
 
 28 
 
 75 
 78 
 
 53 
 3 
 
 57 
 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 Ageratum mexicanum 89 
 
 Ammobium alatum 48 
 
 Anthyllis montana ••••« 79 
 
 Asarum canadense 95 
 
 Asarum virginicum 18 
 
 Astragalus tenuifolius 73 
 
 Baptisia exaltata - 97 
 
 Calendula hybrida 39 
 
 Centaurea suaveolens 51 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense var.fascicu - 
 
 latum 14 
 
 Chrysanthemum sinense var. involu- 
 
 turn 7 
 
 Claytonia sibirica 16 
 
 Commelina ccelestis 3 
 
 Coreopsis lanceolata 10 
 
 Coreopsis tinctoria 72 
 
 Coronilla iberica 25 
 
 Cuphea viscosissima 60 
 
 Cuscuta verrucosa 6 
 
 Cyclamen vernum 9 
 
 Cypripedium parviflorum 80 
 
 Cypripedium pubescens 71 
 
 Datura Tatula 83 
 
 Dianthus latifolius 2 
 
 Dracocephalum argunense 47 
 
 Dracocephalum canescens 38 
 
 Dracocephalum speciosum 93 
 
 Galinsogea trilobata 56 
 
 Glaucium fulvum 35 
 
 Globularia cordifolia 34 
 
 Globularia vulgaris 20 
 
 Gonolobus hirsutus 1 
 
 Habenaria bracteata 62 
 
 Hemerocallis disticha 28 
 
 Hesperis fragrans 61 
 
 Hyoscyamus agrestis 27 
 
 Hyoscyamus orientalis 12 
 
 Hyoscyamus physaloides 13 
 
 Iberis odorata 50 
 
 lb eris Tenoreana 88 
 
 Impatiens biflora 43 
 
 Ipomrea barbigera 86 
 
 Iris dichotoma 96 
 
 Iris hungarica • - • • 74 
 
 Iris verna 68 
 
 Liatris sphaeroidea 87 
 
 Liatris spicata • • 49 
 
 Liatris squarrosa 44 
 
 Lilium spectabile 75 
 
 Linaria bipartita 30 
 
 Linum alpinum • • 17 
 
 Lobelia inflata • . 99 
 
 Lysimachia verticillata • • • • - 21 
 
 Malcomia Chia 40 
 
 Malcomia littorea 54 
 
 Malva mauritiana 81 
 
 Mathiola tricuspidata .... 46 
 
 Mazus rugosus 36 
 
 Monarda media 98 
 
 Muscari botryoides. a. (3. y. 15 
 
 Nemophila phacelioides 32 
 
 Neottia cernua 42 
 
 CEnothera macrocarpa 5 
 
 Orchis spectabilis 65 
 
 Orobus albus 22 
 
 Oxybaphus Cervantesii 84 
 
 Pseonia lobata 70 
 
 Paeonia paradoxa fi.fimbriata 19 
 
 Pedicularis canadensis 67 
 
 Phlomis laciniata 
 
 Phlomis pungens 33 
 
 Phlox triflora 29 
 
 Primula Palinuri 8 
 
 Ranunculus monspeliacus euneatus 94 
 
 Renealmia grandiflora 64 
 
 Rhexia mariana/L rubella 41 
 
 Richardsonia scabra 91 
 
 Rudbeckia hirta 82 
 
 Rudbeckia serotina 4 
 
 Salvia Tenorii 26 
 
 Saracha umbellata 85 
 
 Saxifraga ligulata 59 
 
 Schivereckia podolica 77 
 
 Schizanthus pinnatus 63 
 
 Schizanthus porrigens • 76 
 
 Scutellaria alpina * 90 
 
 Scutellaria Column* 52 
 
 Scutellaria orientalis - 45 
 
 Silene picta * •«. 92 
 
 Silene vespertina 58 
 
 Soldanella montana 11 
 
 Stachys sibirica 100 
 
 Symplocarpus foetidus 57 
 
 Taxanthema tatarica 37 
 
 Tulipa pubescens 78 
 
 Verbascum pyramid atom * 31 
 
 Veronica latifolia 23 
 
 Veronica neglecta 55 
 
 Viola pedata 69 
 
 Wulfenia carinthiaca 66 
 
 Y ucca glaucescens ................ 53 
 
ENGLISH INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 Adam’s-Needle, glaucescent • 53 
 
 Ageratum, Mexican 89 
 
 Ammobium, winged-stalked 48 
 
 Asarabacca, Canadian 95 
 
 Asarabacca, Virginian 18 
 
 Baptisia, tall upright •*•••• 97 
 
 Bitter- Vetch, white-flowered 22 
 
 Candy-tuft, sweet-scented 50 
 
 Candy-tuft, Tenore’s . • 88 
 
 Catchfly, evening 58 
 
 Catehfly, painted-flowered 92 
 
 Chrysanthemum, curled lilac 7 
 
 Chrysanthemum, superb clustered 
 
 yellow 14 
 
 Claytonia, Siberian • * 16 
 
 Commelina, sky-blue 3 
 
 Coreopsis, dyeing, or Arkansa •••• 72 
 Coreopsis, spear-leaved 10 
 
 Coronilla, Iberian 25 
 
 Crowfoot, wedge-leaved Montpelier 94 
 
 Cuphea, viscous 60 
 
 Cuscuta, warted-calyxed Nepaul •• 6 
 
 Cyclamen, vernal 9 
 
 Day-Lily, fan-like 28 
 
 DragonVhead, beautiful 93 
 
 Dragon’s-head, Fischer’s • • • * 47 
 
 Dragon’s-head, hoary-leaved ...... 38 
 
 Flax, Alpine 17 
 
 Galinsogea, three-lobed 56 
 
 Globularia, common or blue daisy • • 20 
 
 Globularia, wedge-leaved 34 
 
 Gonolobus, hairy 1 
 
 Habenaria, long-bracted 62 
 
 Hedge-nettle, Siberian 100 
 
 Henbane, Hungarian field ........ 27 
 
 Henbane, oriental - 12 
 
 Henbane, purple-flowered ........ 13 
 
 Horned-Poppy, orange-coloured • • 35 
 
 Ipomcea, bearded-calyxed 86 
 
 Iris, forked petaled 96 
 
 Iris, sickle-leaved Hungarian 74 
 
 Iris, vernal American * 68 
 
 Kidney- Vetch, mountain 79 
 
 Ladies’-slipper, small-flowered » • • * 80 
 
 Ladies’-slipper, yellow-downy* •••-• 71 
 
 Liatris, globular-cupped 87 
 
 Liatris, long-spiked • 49 
 
 Liatris, squarrose-cupped • • * 44 
 
 Lily, showy Siberian 75 
 
 Lobelia, bladder-podded * • • 99 
 
 Loose-strife, whorled ....... .... 21 
 
 Lychnidea, pubescent-stemmed .... 29 
 
 Malcomia, dwarf branching ...... 40 
 
 Malcomia, tomentose 54 
 
 Mallow, Ivy-leaved 81 
 
 Marygold, great Cape - 39 
 
 Mazus, China * 36 
 
 Milk-vetch, narrow-leaved ........ 73 
 
 Monarda, bright purple » - 98 
 
 Mullein, pyramidal 31 
 
 Muscari, grape 15 
 
 Nemophila, Phacelia like 32 
 
 Neottia, nodding-flowered 42 
 
 CEnothera, large-capsuled ........ 5 
 
 Orchis, showy American 65 
 
 Poeony, double fringed 19 
 
 Paeony, lobed-leaved 70 
 
 Pedicularis, Canadian 67 
 
 Phlomis, jagged- leaved 24 
 
 Phlomis, pungent bracted - 33 
 
 Pink, broad-leaved 2 
 
 Primrose, unequal-bracted 8 
 
 Rattlesnake’s-master 44 
 
 Renealmia, largest flowered 64 
 
 Rhexia, Maryland, stained variety. • 41 
 
 Richardsonia, rough-leaved 91 
 
 Rocket, evening scented - 61 
 
 Rudbeckia, great hairy 82 
 
 Rudbeckia, late flowering 4 
 
 Sage, Tenore’s • •• 26 
 
 Saracha, umbel-flowered 85 
 
 Saxifrage, fringe-leaved Nepaul • • • • 59 
 
 Schivereckia, canescent 77 
 
 Schizanthus, spreading »*••• 76 
 
 Schizanthus, winged-leaved ...... 63 
 
 Sea-Lavender, Tartarian 37 
 
 Skull-cap, Alpine 90 
 
 Skull-cap, Columna’s 52 
 
 Skull-cap, yellow-flowered 45 
 
 Soldanella, mountain 11 
 
 Speedwell, broad-leaved 23 
 
 Speedwell, canescent 55 
 
 Stock, three-forked * • 46 
 
 Sultan, yellow sweet or Centaury • • 51 
 
 Symplocarpus, foetid or Scunkweed 57 
 
 Thorn-apple, pale blue 83 
 
 Toad-flax, cloven flowered • 30 
 
 Touch me not, two-flowered 43 
 
 Tulip, pubescent stalked 78 
 
 Umbrella-wort, Cervantes’ 84 
 
 Violet, cut-leaved 69 
 
 W ulfenia, Carinthian 66 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 No. C, over leaf, line 6 from the bottom, for “ an hardy 
 annual,” read “ a hardy annual.” 
 
 No. 28, line 12 from the bottom, for “ Thumb” read 
 “ Thumb?’ 
 
 No. 85, line 14 from the top, for “ mosnp.” read “ morisp” 
 line 17, for “ Jacq. schocebr.” read “ Jacg. schcenbr ” 
 
 No. 94, line 6 from the bottom, for “ Best syst.” read 
 “ Besl. eyst” 
 
 TILLING, PRINTER, CHELSEA 
 

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