A.R,. CLIPPINGER
and
8.G. ZIEGLER
Revort
of the
Deputation to the Far East
China
Javan
~."" Pailtppine Islands
1926
Library of The Theological Seminary
PRINCETON - NEW JERSEY
C=)
PRESENTED BY
REPORT
BLN SN A
Deputation to the Far East
CHINA
JAPAN
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
1926
FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY
UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST
1410 U. B. BUILDING
DAYTON, OHIO
RoE Pee
or the
DEPUTATION TO THE FAR HAST
China
Japan
Philippine Islands
/
Bishop A. R. Clippinger
Samuel G. Ziegler
Foreign Missionary Society
United Brethren in Christ
L470 +B) °BENBUsLaiae
Dayton, Ohio.
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE DEPUTATION
TO THE MISSION FIELDS IN THE FAR EAST
FOREWORD:
The last episcopal and official visit to the mission
fields in the Orient, including China, Japan and the Phil-
ippine Islands, was made by President A. T. Howard, then Bishop
of the Foreign Conferences in 1917. The past few years the
board received urgent appeals from the missionaries, requesting
it to send one or more representatives from the home base to
confer with them regarding the work on the field. Nine years
of growth and progress raised many new questions too difficult
of polution without conference with those representing the
church in America. Responsibility must be transferred. The
National Church must be recognized. National attitudes and
achievements in the various countries must be considered. A
changing world means a new adjustment of forces to meet those
changes, in spite of the fact that the purpose remains the
same. In view of this the Foreign Mission Board at its annual
session, November 10, 1925, in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in
consultation with the Board of Bishops, authorized a deputation
consisting of one representative of each of the resepctive
boards to visit our mission fields in the Far East just as
early in 1926 as possible.
A survey and study sheet was prepared as a guide for
the deputation in its investigation and study. It covered
every phase of mission work and proved an invaluable aid. The
salient and important facts were presented immediately and
little time was lost in approaching the question. This
economized time and made possible a larger volume of work.
The deputation left Dayton, February lst, 1926 and
sailed from Vancouver on the "Empress of Asia", February 7th.
We reached Manila March lst and spent four full weeks making a
careful study and survey of the situation there. On March 28th
we left for China and landed at Kowloon two days later. fhe
following day we arrived at Canton. Three weeks were spent
there and at Siu Lam. They were very full and busy days. By
April 22nd we were on board the "President McKinley" bound for
Kobe, Japan. We docked there Wednesday, April s8th, and began
at once the busiest three weeks of the entire trip. May e8end
found us on ship once more, this time with our faces turned
FO.
toward home. After nine days of most pleasant travel at sea,
we landed at Vancouver May jlst and by evening were on
American soil again. It was a hurried trip, but it gave us
sufficient time to counsel with our missionaries, study our
own migsion problems and decide upon nolicies for future
administration, which we shall recommend to the Board in this
report.
A visit to the field has two distinct advantages.
First to the Mission Council. It. brings the idea ana purpose
of the home church directiy to the mission staff. It
establishes a closer unity and makes possivle a clearer under-
standing of the hoge point of view. It inspires the mission-
ary and helps him in solving his own problens. It strengthens
the bonds of brotherhood with the new church and fosters a
better international good will. I+ enables both sides to face
the questions at issue and solve them togethsr on the field
where there is no chance for misunderstanding. Tt is a
consideration which the missionaries and Christians deserve
more than once in nine years.
Second, it is an advantage to administrators at home.
One cannot understand or appreciave *he situation on the field
until he has seen the work and tne needs abroad himsel?.
Correspondence means much more after such a wi site 925° 2s
easier for the missionary to explain of meke his appeal if the
one to vhom he writes has been on the fisid and has made a
personal. study of +he situation. Efficiency and good
administration demand that at least one visis a quadrennium
be made to each mission field. We believe that such an
arrangement woulc be a Gistinct advantage to the board at home
and the mission council on the BCLs
At a distence of 8,000 niles the whole task in the
Far East looks like cne. It is in sone ways. In other ways
the problems are 4s different a3 tne mission ficlds are
different. There are certain ganeral policies which apply to
all the work, but on the otner baud each one of the three
fields presents 1%s ow peculiar propietus. This is due to the
culture or temperament of tae people, to the stage 6f “eveivp—
ment in the work itself, to the various kinds of work which
the mission is doing, to the aititude of the people, to the
position of the government, and to international relations.
Tnese and other reasons make it advisable to handle each field
separately.
#3.
THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
The first few days were spent in Manila, conferring
with our workers and other missionary leaders. We met with
the directors of the Union Theological Seminary in their
regular session and also in conference with a special
committee from the United Church of Manila. From there we
went to Kiangan, the capital of Ifugao, where we spent several
days in close study of that wonderful field. The next week we
Separated company, the Bishop going to Buguio and I to Manila
where each of us made further observations. The third week was
spent at San Fernando, our missionary headquarters and the
fourth week at Baguio, where the annual conference convened.
Our responsibility in the Islands embraces the
Province of La Union, together with several Sub-provinces in
Mountain Province. The work was startGd amorzy” the TVvocanos in
La Union Province. They are among the most aggressive of the
lowland people. This accounts for the remarkable leadership
which has been developed in the church. The people of the
mountain provinces are very primitive in the customs and habits
Of life. Thiswias @ue largely to the fact that they were not
reached by Spanish cv] ture ard Roman Catholicism during the
days of Spanish occupancy. Today the government conducts the
Bureau of nen-Chrissian Tribes to look after the interests and
welfare of these mountain people who number a million or more.
Our time was so divided as to ° allow us to study
end observe both phases of work. The Foreign Mission confer-
ence comprises the result of our work emong the Ilocanos in
La Wnion Province, Manila and Baguio, It is confined largely
to the needs An the lowland. The mountain work is more
recent and is carried on through the cooperation of the mission
end conferences. We visited the following towms: Manila,
San Fernando, Baguio, Aringay, Cava, San Juan, Bacnotan,
Bauang and Kiangen.
TRANSFERRING RESPONSIBILITY
Mission work is passing through a serious transition,
The national churches have reachéd guch strength that they need
to be recognized more than they Imve been in some instances,
We were glad to note that the Mirrion Council observed this
deveiopment and gradu.ily tranoferread cersain responsibilities
to their shouiders. This has helped to call out end bring to
maturity efficient young leaders. Our work was so well
organized and responsibility so carefully distributed that we
F4.
did not discover any serious dissatisfaction among tho
Filipinos. We are fortunate to have had such wise leader-
ship. There are a few instances where too nuch dictation
from abroad threatened to disrupt the work of certain
missions in the Islands.
In the early part of the mission all the responsi-
bility rested with the mission council. As the foreign
conference developed, responsibility was handed over to it
until now the major responsibility for conference work is
carried by the conference itself. The last General Conference
acted wisely when it gave more authority to these growing
churches. A business committee, consisting of eight Filipinos
and two missionaries, has full charge of the administration of
conference affairs. This arrangement gives the Filipinos due
recognition and liherty in the management of affairs.
FILIPINO CONFERENCE
It was our privilege to attend the Filipino
Conference which convened March 34 - 28 at Baguio. The con-
ference has come to the place where it provides nearly fifty
percent of ites running budget. It also has a missicnary
society which raises funds for the propogating of Christianity
among the non-Christian tribes. Workers are provided rrom
their own ranks and sent up into these needy places with the
aid of these funds.
It appeared to the deputation that closer super-
vision of the work was necessary. The Business Committee
therefore recommended the appointment of a Conference Superin-
tendent and the Conference voted its approval. Rev. ©. P.
Lorenzana was appointed. This is the first time a full-time
Filipino Superintendent is in charge of the conference work.
Such supervision will mean much to the Filipino preachers.
UNION SEMINARY
We were very much bmpressed with the Union Seninary
and high school located at Manila. Plans are now on to intro-
duce college subjects with a view of finally having a full
college course available for such as wish to take the
regular Seminary course leading up to the degree of B.D.
The responsibility for this institution is divided into seven
shares, which are carried by five denominations as follows:
Presbyterian North 2, Methodist Episcopal 2, Congregational 1,
Disciples 1, United Brethren 1. The contractor was just com-
#5.
pleting the erection of a $50,000 re-enforced concrete
administratioi~building on Taft Avenue. It is a beautiful
Structure and will add much to the cause of Protestanism in
the Islands. We heartily endorse this institution and
recommend our continued Support and cooperation. It is making
possible a better and more thorough training for the ministers
of the various denominations at far less cost than would be
possible in separate institutions.
THE EVANGEL PRESS
One of the serious questions confronting mission
boards and churches in every mission field is how to provide
Christian literature for the new church. Our press, therefore,
iS = Wh sb necessity. One of the main dialects of the islands
is Ilocano. There are three mission boards working among the
Ilocano speaking people. At present our press is the only
one supplying Christian literature for this large constituency.
The "Nambag a Damag", which we publish, is the only Christian
weekly. The paper contains 16 pages, two of which carry news
of the Methodist work among the Ilocanos. Methodist editors
Supply the material subject to the approval of the publisher.
The paper has 2,500 subscribers, 1,500 of these are from
Methodist families, 500 from Disciple or Christian families
and 500 from United Brethren. Both these communions are urging
their members to read the paper. The Methodists are cooperat-
ing officially. Since our visit a temporary arrangement has
been made whereby the "Dalan ti Coppia", (Disciple publication)
Will be issued in union with our "Nambag a Damag", This
arrangement gives each of the three denominations two pages
for denominational news and the remainder of the paper for
general religious news. The temporary combination is to last
for three months after which @ trial vote will be taken and a
future pelicy determined by the Disciple Mission and Church.
It is possible that they will take official action authorizing
cooperation. In that event the whole Ilocano field will be
open to the Evangel Press without any competition. With such
an opportunity before us it igs imperative that we provide more
adequate equipment.
There are two possibilities before us. We can invite
these two missions to join us in meeting the responsibility
by incorporating the press and having them come in as joint
owners on such terms as may be agreed upon. This may be the
best way to secure the necessary equipment. Or we might have
an understanding with them that their fields will be open for
Solicitation of subscribers and business, and that they will
give their moral support to the press, depending upon it to
#6.
supply the needs of their Ilocano missions. We have such on
orrangenent with the Lethodists now. While they 2ssune no
financial obligations, they provide a great field for business
and become at once the representative and agent for the press
in their own churches. They also secure their Ilocano Sunday
School literature through the ivangel Press and recently
subsidized its publication in order to get a better grace of
paper in the quarterlies.
Whatever arrangements may be made, we believe that it
is important that the Press be improved. We have a good
building well located in San Fernando, the capital of La Union
and the center of the Ilocano population. The building is
large enough to allow additional equipment. A medium size
cylinder press with some new type is an immediate need. The
"Naimbag" is issued now on two job presses which entail a
great deal of time and work.
BIBLZ TRAINING SCHOOL
This institution is well located on an eminence
overlooking San Fernando City and bay. It is housed ina
comuiodious and well constructed building, giving ample
accommodations for class work and dormitory. There is no
better building in the city. The material equipment and
location are not the best things about the institutions. The
spirit of the school, the teachers and student body are more
exceptional than the building. This is proven by the fact
that it has been sending badk into the life of the church a
constant stream of the most acceptable Bible women and
deaconesses. iwhen the history of the United Brethren Lission
in the Philippines is written, much credit will have to be
given to these consecrated young women. They go out into the
most difficult places and do work in many instances equal to
a regular pastorate.
The school can be made more useful by branching out
and offering more inducements for a general education. Hereto-
fore, the chief purpose has been to train deaconesses and
Bible women. It should remain that, but in the meantine a
larger student body could be served and young wozien given a
Christien education under favorable conditions. Wwe deen it
the part of wisdom to have this larger purpose in view. A
trained Christian vomanhood is a valuable asset for any
country. Such work can be carried on without infringing on
the primary purpose of the school. In the meantime it can be
made to serve a mucn larger constituency.
#7.
HOSPITAL
Our medical work is carried on in connection with
the government. It is the policy of the government to provide
a hospital and medical facilities in each province. San
Fernando, being the capital of La Union Province, is entitled
to such an institution, but so long as we provide first class
medical help and advantages the government will not interfere.
It is their purpose to cooperate. The only doctors practicing
at our hospital are the government health doctors. In this
Way a fine cooperation is carried on. The mission provides a
building, equipment and a nurse, and the government, through
its doctors and health cepartment, turns all its patients over
to our care. This opens many doors and makes possible points
of contact with the people which could not be secured otherwise.
It is a fertile field for personal work and Christian service.
The work at present is being conducted in the former
Bible Training School building. It is old and dilapidated.
Very extensive repairs are necessary. If we are going to do
medical work it is worth doing right. Since funds are on
hand for the erection of a new building, we believe that it
is advisable to have plans prepared to wake arrangements to
begin work at an early date.
IFUGAO
It 18 a bub-province of Mountain Province and has a
population of 66,000 according to constabulary reports.
Kiangan is the capital. The government has a grade school and
small hospital located there. It is in this town that Kiss
lietzzger is stationed. its Secretary, alse duly ahnthorized
by res¢Lution cf its Board of Directcrs, have hereunte set
their havidew io oe day of PMID iS pe ih ak
We wish te statu, however, that we believe it would
be disastrous to enccurage the organization cf independent
churches througheut the Islands, and hereby express our
disappreval of any such policy. We express the hope that
this cne organization will blaze the way for the ccnsumma-
tien of that large union which shall compose the Chunem, Of,
Christ in the Philippines.
STAFF
1 a ‘ ‘nes demands feur families besides
the a ee ei cae ae staff. One family is needed
to manage the Evangel Press and assist in the werk at Soe ao
Fernandc. Ancther is necessary te, meet, Cur nepesnene He : the
Directors ef Union Theclogical Semino*y, Serer a full time. er
3 itv, The werk 4 ge’ F eee
Oe cee, Senne We fear the church will RDS sri alee
tunity if a family is net Brenna auGbey, aa
a Wes not. begin. ve | ; 3 tare ‘
ro oem ah teats a eseicnary family Me Gfiee ts ete a DBM
Acctrs Kiangan ani Kaling2 call Loufily. . eRe a ee r
itics invite our assistance in educaticna eoitie te de our
youth cf these neglected areus: MGakeoperly. If Wwe dan
werk well unlvss we can staff the tes 5 twent rear ;
Ir We j i well for the next fifteen r v y MAA 5
man these pinces at will ve passed ana . strceng ggressive
the crisig, am Cul, Bed established.
Filipino Church will have been
#15
CHINA
China is undergoing great changes. She is in the nilst
cf a rennissance. The travail ani pain cf a new life are
suffered in every member cf her vast belly. The rennants cf
the cli erder liv abcut in diserder and ruin, while the tender
ferees of the new crder tedicusly ani procaricusly werk their
way thrcugh this chaes te light and pcewer.
The whele state ef affairs was indeed ccnfusing tc a
visiter fren the Ofcident. It lecked at first as thcugh the
rensen fer their distress was the lack ef A government. But
after mere careful cbservation it appuared as theugh they
Were cursed with tcc many gevernments — national and inter—
naticnal. This umicubdtedly is cne cf the main factors in
the present upheaval in China. They Were ruled frem within
and fren without by tcc meny pCcwers which Were net gcvernnents
in thegense that-they existed by right ef the consent of the
gevurnude This situaticn must change. A twentieth century
werld will net tolerate it. China will net tclerate it either.
You might as Well try te compel the spreuting accrn to be
satisfiva within the confines cf the nut as te try te stop
the renaissance Which is taking place in the Far haste
These changes are accempaniud by many other mcvementBe
Seme aru goci, Cthers aru & menace te pregress and gocd
gevernment. Anti-fereign ani anti-Christian forces are hinder
ing the missicnary cause ani making it difficult fer the
naticnal church t¢ press ferward as it cthurwWise would.
Lawlessness and banditry make schecl werk uncertain and general
evangelism unsafe. Parents are afraid te send their
children cut of the village fer fear of having them kidnapped
ani hela for ransom. Chincse pastcrs ef power and influence
are not free tc travel because of these marauding bands cf
robbers. For this reasen we tid not held » ocnference with
cur Chinese prstcrse
This general situation noite it impcssible as ‘ell as
inadvisable tc visit all the missicn churches ani chapels.
The first Suniay We worshipped with the Henam cengregaticn
in Canten in the seccent story cf the Ccever Dispensary where
they meet regularly. The fcllewing Suniay we separated,
Bishep Clinpinger ccershipping in Cantcn ani I in Siu Lan
with cur cengregaticn there. The next day 1 had services with
the cengregation at Kau Chnu Kei. Besiies visiting twe cther
chapels, this is the limit of cur centacts with the pastors
ani lnayity cf the mission and the church. The last Sunday
cur gurvicus were ita ce Mach Beep eT erian Gol aces Gane
tudents and faculty 4 anton ristian College an
te simi LAr pody at the Unicn Middle Scheel. We ant not
#16
fail te Mentic¢n the fact that we net in conference with the
Official members of the Cantcn ani Siu Lan cCngregaticns,
With the faculty cf the Beys Scheel, Siu Lam, with the
Executive Committee cf the Divisional Council of the Church
Of Christ in Kwangtung Previnee, ani with the Board cf
Directers cf Cantey Hospital, Many cther private confcrenceg
ani interviews were held with indivituals and small gercups
Of missionaries and Chinuse Christians. New light was sought
from every available source.
MEDICAL MISSIONS
Every branch of mission work is affucted by the prusent
mee oad situaticn. The Canton Hespital, the oldest in
ina, was compelled to olcse ites docrs a short time before
we arrived because the Miscellaneous Workers! Union made
Gemands which the hospital woul’ not must. When the insti-
tution failed to comply with the regulations all help was
Called cut cn a strike, pickets were stationed at the gates
@énd all Chinese who attempted to enter were threatened and
refused access. The Givil authorities were toampotent to en-
ferce crder or toc much involved te want te do anything.
The h¢espital remaing clesed to this date with no prcepects
cf an early resumpticn cf work.
RAMSBURG HOSPITAL
The influence and prestige of this instituticn is grow
ing stcadily. We visited the Cther so called hCspitals in
Siu Lam. They might have passed a hundred years age in
‘Anurica, but they would not pass new. Ours is the enly
comacntable h¢espital ministering te the physical nevis of
the 200,000 peeple living in that ccmmunity. Dr. Ccok
bears full responsibility. He ig ably assisted by Miss
Esther Schell, the head nurse. The constantly increasing
patrcnage makes & heavy and cenfining ruspcnsibility for
Cns mane