fircatet td. 4 ei! 8 ee ecteease— Pigs y soe : a Cre inte ett sartra) ae) oe ‘ _ ai EBT bs ety . pier ee a eee cine ig 9 ote ew an be hee ub) ae ea TUTE URN 58 = : ea : Sau taf WATER AAI ELH eo Bo Ate He i : “fines 2 WEEE 90 eee eas g OF. f egy site Te ee Sg! Sop Br | ree at gai I hey 1 Oe ate abe ee 4 ‘ Ea Se (abigig et thab be Rec ae ~ Ae Co wes ae ae este Rar fiber em Wiiaee Fag | 4 ¢ i gi SBN A haa wala) t Le PX A Bay Ecitegire Toit wi * ofp Http at WAS NA pene htm MIDE a cge “ - 7 F a a ve a>. ~ 2 “a4 LIBRARY OF THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY PRINCETON, N. J. ————_ PURCHASED BY THE MRS. ROBERT LENOX KENNEDY CHURCH HISTORY FUND. a Division...perh DFO | Section ne, oP, 8 i) wa : y Ase cs ~ oct 30 1926 “Ly S Soa oa, sew QNemorial History Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church 1748—-1845—-1924 Gogether With a Sketch of Each of the 317 Congregations Found in the Fellowship of the Synod in the Year of the Merger BY ELLIS BEAVER BURGESS PUBLISHED FOR THE SYNOD BY THE BEAVER PRINTING COMPANY, GREENVILLE, PA. 1925 COPYRIGHTED, 1926 BY THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD OF THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH “Arise, shine; for thy light is come, and the glory of the Cord is risen upon thee.” 7. > = fury een ae [eos Va iB cera aes 7 a Introduction Chapter il: Chapter (fis Chapter Pls Chapter EVA Chapter Ne Chapter VE Chapter VII. Chapter VIII Chapter IX. Chapter ON Chapter Dale Chapter - XII Chapter XIII Chapter: XPV: Chapter XV. Chapter XVI. Chapter XVII Chapter XVIII BaD teray os LX Chapter XX: Chapter XXI. Chapter XXII Index TABLE OF CONTENTS Page NT cat Ly NNT: aL AN a 1 dy) ae 9 The German Pioneers. 1748-1845............ 13 Ruiliee(nodttiza title Leto es prema eres woes 65 Early Development. 1845-1867................ 87 pemiviior ined el OO/mie inmate eas ohn 103 The General Council Stream. 1867-1919..121 The General Synod Stream. 1867-1919....153 EDem Vier oer. WL 1) king sere apm i a ly 165 Pastors *.ot the Pittsburgh Synod, CAS ASSN Ue apeien bert kia) \ CMe ait 187 Giuucnesyol Allerhenve COUnty ye... 225 Ghurchesrof Armstrong, Gourty.:. ne... oa Gin Chesson beaversGounty, (ire cs maaan 399 St ercse Or utieme COUnt ye. cies) ules 425 Pr GneseOl GltOne GUN bya eta... eres 453 iro ne se CMe DiGmGOU In Va '. cierto gee 483 Ghurchesmolsbavyetre: Countyiwe. |e 511 GituretestOtelndiana,COuntys. secre: omar api Chutchestota cinencon COUNT Wi qa)a.0 sue 563 Churches of Lawrence and Mercer WOntre Sura Made araPhs dha aaah. cmiraeg ea B72 Churehesvoneywasniioton) County:.a 1 e-. 609 Churches of Westmoreland County.......... 627 Ohio Churches of the Pittsburgh Synod..725 Churches of Other Counties Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2022 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library https://archive.org/details/memorialhistoryoOOburg FULL PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS Page je/cpnesshaeropaa a ebmalsk M@layesgelg Om ch ike Ree ch ype eRe Ree Oe fom Ale? oy Ere 16 Pecruicateoor seapusiy,. harold. Church el /82_ 0) 4.15 ee eeotac 20 inn Teer 2 Ma eye) ts eid MM ag iy OE andes elm Oak 12) Se a Met ey) ee i ve 28 [Ponce ee TEI OT a Fy eats oo Deke aE fed gee Moen: SL WLR a ae 4 Gy ay a Oa een at te ee Oe 35 IDECGALIONN MeCcordrol Detinenem:, Gniutchy 1797...) dcsnre bone medeessiccc othe 42 Pave tOles CU Oern lene nie reretiere EV fe too, irs. cides cee eenatc A abe 50 NOOO LA iisw Ol mL eEie L Amel, et We ee Ras sass a dos pave Ri ageneidecn ates alae 56 CUUNAG Beers dakod Ghe ast WEA 4 sepat ed om haces by hg 2d 9 goer enen ee eee Re ORI > Seer er 68 Benders er tiemr itt spare ins ylOU Cheee ono nees, sks. 2 tere elon ree ate TL. WS Cer out OTE Ver ete UD] DCO IS ede ics CAG Sle isso nyc A See cee: 93 er iraitia fiat eure On temo ry L504/ae dy eer ass elt So5.0 a Ge Cee ws es 97 The Pittsburgh Infirmary, First Protestant Hospital of America........ 101 Pete Don Commie cuiielce 1 tall Cia eee Too e 00cm ccoattc atte lee Reeerttas ede hc oe 107 SOIM INCI VOTACGa tet lem GrVOCIE VI leemhere sete ccc t.ce cee koncert eee eat echck tee pea 113 Presidents of the Pittsburgh Synod, General Council, 1868-1890............ 124 Presidents of the Pittsburgh Synod, General Council, 1891-1919........ 128 Eta voy g aE RMES Gass GI ei) ant hah AMY eae nn SE Oe Meet ara ee see 130 Pritaiietration meiiloinwent MIGly GOLleW CLs Oe eet * iy , %. nye ae * : Sana ieee ir iat i. 5 + a COAL LERSL THE GERMAN PIONEERS 1748-1845 “We have heard with our ears, O God, our fathers have told us what work thou didst in their days, im the days of old, how thou didst drive out the heathen with thy hand and plantedst them.” iN the evening of the twenty-fifth day of August, 1748, wien aesniall party? of: men” emerged -from: the deep shadows of Old Westmoreland, and looked for the first time upon the clear rippling waters of the beautiful Allegheny. No thick smoke of engines or factories hung over the valley to obstruct the loveliness of their view; only here and there a thin line of blue above the tree tops, indicating the presence of a Shawnee wig- wam. It was the advance guard of a great army that was soon to invade the wilderness of western Pennsylvania and convert it into one of the great commercial centers of the world. It was a prophetic fact that the leader of this party was Conrad Weiser, an Evangelical Lutheran from the Tulpehocken Valley. His mission in western Pennsylvania at this early day was to treat with the Indians at old: Logstown on behalf of the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania. In that same year, the “Ohio Company” was formed by several gentlemen of Virginia, whose object was to effect an English settlement: near the forks of the Ohio and maintain a trading post, through which to divert a larger share of the rich fur trade into English channels.!. This company pe- titioned the English King for a grant of five hundred thousand acres of land on the south bank of the Ohio, and that monarch, quick to see the commercial and political advantages of the scheme, signed the grant on practically the same terms as those proposed by the petitioners. Two hundred thousand acres were to be settled at once, to be held for. ten years free from quit- rent or tax to the King, on condition that the company should - secure one hundred settlers, build a fort, and maintain a garrison strong enough to protect the settlement., One of the members of this company was. Lawrence Washington, a brother of the first President of the United States, who made an earnest: effort to effect the proposed settlement with Pennsylvania Germans. His 1—Writings of Washington, edited by Jared Sparks. 2 vols. Appendix, pages 478-483 1—Ye Olden Time, edited by Neville B. Craig. Vol. I, page 294. 14 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD effort failed for reasons revealed in his letter to Mr. Hanbury, the London representative of the company, a portion of which 1s herewith given. 2“While the unhappy state of my health called me back to our springs, at Bath in Virginia, I conversed with all the Pennsylvania Dutch whom I met either there or elsewhere, and much recommended their settling on the Ohio. The chief reason against it was the paying of an English clergyman, when few understood and none made use of him. It has been my opinion, and I hope ever will be, that restraints on conscience are cruel to those upon whom they are imposed, and injurious to the country im- posing them. **** They all assured me that they might have from Ger- many any number of settlers, could they but obtain their favorite exemption.” A counter proposition to the company was made by these Germans, offering to settle two hundred families on fifty thous- and acres of the land, provided they could have pastors of their own faith. The faith of these Germans was more precious than the richest of farms in the lands from which they had emigrated, and they did not wish to place themselves in the same position in America. Because: of the grave dangers of frontier’ life, no further attempt was made to effect a settlement of Germans west of the mountains for a number of years. The roving Indians, instigated by the French, made it an exceedingly hazardous ven- ture for any white man to build his cabin west of the Laurel Ridge. In the summer of 1758, General Forbes drove the French out of western Pennsylvania, and established a strong garrison in Fort Pitt, under whose protection the more daring settlers were emboldened to take up lands. As a rule they settled along the line of the Forbes military road, feeling more secure against the raids of the savages. Some of these daring pioneers were Ger- mans. Andrew Byerly settled in the neighborhood of Harrison City in 1759, and many stories are told of his narrow escapes from the Indians. The soldiers of the garrison at Fort Pitt con- sidered him the most determined settler in Westmoreland. Andrew Harman took up land in the Ligonier Valley about the same time, but finally was killed by the savages. Christopher Rodenbach, John Rodenbach, Christopher Herolt, Daniel Herolt and the Detars are all believed to have settled in Hempfield Township in 1760. The Waldhauers, Millers and Wagles came about the year 1764. But all these early settlers were compelled to leave their homes and seek refuge in Fort Ligonier and Fort Bedford by the hostile savages. They came down upon the settlements of western Pennsylvania like a scourge in the spring and summer of 1763. For a time it seemed as though both of the protecting forts would be captured. Colonel Boquet was sent to their relief, and not only raised the siege, but also inflicted a decisive defeat upon the Indians at Bushy Run, August 5, 1763. 2—Writings of Washington, edited by Jared Sparks, Vol. II, page 481. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 15 One of the most helpful men in this fight was Andrew Byerly, who knew the ground so well that he could give the best of counsel to the commander. The first settlers held their land by “tomahawk right’, secured by deadening a number of trees by girdling with a hatchet. They conferred no actual title, but men were sometimes willing to pay a small price for them in order to avoid bad feeling. When the Westmoreland lands were regu- larly purchased and surveyed by the state, none of those pioneers was disturbed, who had already taken up land and improved it to the value of five pounds. In November, 1768, a treaty was made with the Iroquois Indians at Fort Stanwix, N. Y., and the State of Pennsylvania purchased all the land west of Laurel Hill, east and south of the Allegheny and Ohio rivers, and south of the Kittanning-Cherry Tree line. This land was opened for settlement, April 3, 1769, and several thousand applications for warrants were filed on the first day. The records of the Land Office show that not a few of these first settlers were Germans. Fully two hundred families of Pennsylvania Germans, chiefly from the counties of North- ampton, Berks, Lehigh, Cumberland, Lancaster, and York, crossed the mountains and took up lands between 1769 and 1776. A few of these Germans were from Maryland and Vir- ginia, and some came direct from the Fatherland. The great majority of the earliest settlers located in Westmoreland, Fayette, Allegheny, and Washington counties. The first settlements were Fort Pitt in Allegheny County; Harold’s, Brush Creek, Greens- burg, Ridge and Donegal in Westmoreland County; Jacobs in Fayette County; and Bethlehem and Horn’s in Washington County. Other early settlements were Schwab’s, Kuendig’s, Hoff- man’s, Zehner’s, Manor and Beamer’s in Westnioreland County ; Stecher’s and Pigeon Creek in Washington County; Buechle’s in Butler County; Werner’s in Allegheny County; Good Hope and Wolf Creek in Mercer County; Rupp’s and Schaeffer’s in Arm- strong County; and Brush Valley, Germany Township and In- diana in Indiana County. The German settlements of the north- western part of the state were much later than those of West- moreland, although there were Lutherans living in Crawford and Erie counties before the close of the eighteenth century. Nearly all the Germans took out their land warrants from Pennsylvania, although a few in the lower counties, before the settlement of the border dispute, took title under the laws of Virginia. Some were led to do this because the Virginia lands cost but ten shillings per hundred acres. This led to conflicting titles and not a little hardship to the poor settlers. It was customary to give to each settler’s homestead a name: for example, the tract conveyed to Michael Franks by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was called “Franconia”, and the farm of Jacobs Church of Fayette GQNVI HOUYNHD sdoOovr AO LNALVd ee Crs pee i qyrmnoneeg oy ke 2 : peop a canny gem WNP IY pe Ms Saif yey Me pe HAD 94 ypresesceai oye fe 2H RE 4 +49 AAJA? PIP Bp ae soe ” cee Paptcores oo e ; ; AGO (OGG ; 3 BER RID SoA gy C7 cack os CPIM PAD RWAD cmb ws daa eas a : er : y ors wep Wea 2 heal 2 f tae St sapiens 4 ER Bp “a ereapoiy! HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 17 County was called “The Strait and Narrow Way”. An interest- ing story 1s told by Pastor Johannes Stauch as to how this church farm was secured, a story that will be all the more appreciated when it is remembered that the coal underlying the farm was sold several years ago for about $10,000. “This glebe contains about 100 acres of land, and was pur- chased by the early German settlers, who obtained a title by pay- ing a piece of foreign gold, a sou. They borrowed the money from Martin Mason, who was taken captive at the time of Gen- eral Braddock’s defeat at Fort Pitt (now Pittsburgh) by the Indians, while on his way to carry provisions to his father in the army, and who was sold toa French general for a bottle of gin in A. D. 1755, and was taken to Canada, and when grown up returned to his native land, and brought this piece of gold with him, and lent it to the congregation to pay for the land, and be- came and lived a devoted Christian and member of that Lu- theran Church, and lived to an advanced age, and died in triumph of faith in what is now called Ashland County, Ohio”’. The settlers usually came out over the mountains by way of the Forbes military road, although some followed the Braddock trail. They brought their horses and cattle with them, if they owned any, and each family had a big, trusty watch dog. The roads were both rough and dangerous, not admitting of wagon carriage, so that all transportation had to be effected on pack- horses. The first wagon load of merchandise to reach Browns- ville from Cumberland, by way of the Braddock trail, came over the mountains in 1789. One of the best descriptions of a pioneer flitting is that given by Judge Wilkeson. 4°The road to be travelled in crossing the mountains was scarcely, if at all, practicable for wagons. Pack-horses were the only means of trans- portation then and for years after. We were provided with three horses, on one of which my mother rode, carrying her infant, with all the table furniture and cooking utensils. On another horse were packed the stores of provisions, the plough irons and other tools. The third horse was rigged out with a pack-saddle and two large creels, made of hickory withes in the fashion of a crate, one over each side, in which were stowed the beds and bedding and the wearing apparel of the family. In the center of these creels there was an opening for myself and sister; and the top was well secured by lacing to keep us in our places, so that only our heads appeared above. Each family was supplied with one or more cows which was an indispensable provision for the journey. Their milk fur- nished the morning and evening meal for the children, and the surplus was carried in canteens for us during the day. Thus equipped, the com- pany set out on their journey. Many of the men being unacquainted with the management of horses or the business of packing, little progress was made the first day or two. When the caravan reached the mountains, the road was found to be hardly passable for loaded horses. In many places the path lay along the edge of a precipice, where if the horse had stumbled 3—See Autobiography of Rev. Johannes Stauch. 4—Old Redstone, by Rev. Joseph Smith, page 39, 18 HESTORYSOF THESP iat S BURGH SYNOD or lost his balance he would have been precipitated several hundred feet below. The path was crossed by many streams, raised by the melting snow and spring rains, and running with rapid current in deep ravines. Most of these had to be forded as there were no bridges and but few ferries. For many successive days hair-breadth escapes were continually occurring, sometimes horses falling, at other times carried away with the current, and the women and children with difficulty saved from drowning. Sometimes, in ascending steep acclivities, the lashing of the creels would give way, and both children and creels tumble to the ground and roll down the steep until arrested by some traveller of the company. In crossing streams or passing places of more than ordinary difficulty in the road, mothers were often separated from some of their children for many hours. The journey was made in April when the nights were cold. The men, who had been inured to the hardships of war, could with cheerful- ness endure the fatigues of the journey. It was the mothers who suf- fered; they could not after the toils of the day enjoy the rest they so much needed at night; the wants of their suffering children must be at- tended to. After preparing their simple meal, they lay down with scanty covering in a miserable cabin, or, as it sometimes happened, in the open air, and often unrefreshed were obliged to rise early to encounter the. fatigues and dangers of another day.” This flitting of the Wilkeson family took place in the spring of 1784. The hardships endured are evidences of greater hard- ships endured by the German settlers of 1769. In the summer of 1787, Johannes Stauch came over the mountains from Hagers- town and settled in the Virginia glades, and the journey at that late day was exceedingly dangerous. When the German Lu- theran settlers of 1769 reached their Westmoreland farms, they found them in a great unbroken wilderness. Nothing had been prepared in advance; they were the pioneers. The hardships en- dured on the way over the mountains were but forerunners of still greater trials, that were endured before they could locate their families in comfortable homes. Temporary shacks were built under the shelter of some friendly hill, until they could build a log cabin and plant the needed garden. The best of the first cabins, however, were but crude affairs, in which it was difficult to keep from freezing in the cold winters. When it is remembered that the chief tool used in their construction was a sharp axe, their crudeness will be more fully appreciated. They contained but one large room, which served the purpose of “kammer, wohnstube und kueche”. A storage loft was made, reached by a rough wooden ladder, which sometimes served as a sleeping place. The roof was made with rough hewed planks, weighted down with poles. ‘There was but one door to the cabin, and this was generally made of a single broad plank, about five inches thick, fastened on the inside with cross-bars and staples. One small opening was made in the opposite wall, which served as a window. In the winter this window was closed with paper well greased with bear fat so as to admit the light. Sometimes they put in a floor of split logs, but usually they lived on the bare earth. Their beds were ticks, filled with leaves or dried HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 19 grass, and laid on frames constructed in such a manner that they could be taken down during the day. A few of the settlers were able to bring a feather bed with them over the mountains; and every thrifty German house-wife soon managed to secure at least one for her family. In the eastern part of the state, the Ger- mans built great four-cornered chimneys in the center of their houses, but in Westmoreland they were satisfied to build a large chimney and fire-place in one end of the cabin. It was too ex- pensive to bring an iron stove over the mountains for many years. As soon as the family was properly housed, and even be- fore, the German built a barn for his stock. ‘The horses and cattle were considered such necessary parts of the equipment of a farm that they were never neglected. One historian, comment- ing on this characteristic trait, says: 5“The Dutchman’s barn was usually the best building on his farm. He was sure to erect a fine large barn before he built any other dwelling- house than his rude log cabin. **** They erect stables for their domestic animals of every species: even their swine are housed in the winter. Their barns and stables are well stored with provender, particularly fine hay, hence their quadrupeds of all kinds are kept throughout the year in the finest possible order”, The German pioneer of western Pennsylvania was a very hard worker. ‘To fear God and love work” was a common motto. He was always at work before the break of day, and often long after the setting of the sun. He preferred to do his work in the best rather than the easiest way. This was seen in his method of clearing the land. The Scotch-Irish farmers usually began by deadening the trees and allowing them to rot down; but the German cut down the trees, made every stick serve some useful purpose, and then grubbed out the roots by hand. It was the most laborious kind of work, but “the Dutch- man said that it saved plow points’, and worked away without a word of complaint. An ox-team was frequently used in pulling out stumps. The poorer Germans had no horses for a while, and used ox-teams for much of their field work. The German women shared this hard work with their husbands. ‘They not only cared for the house work and reared large families of five to fifteen children, but also did a large part of the field work, especially in the harvest time. Without hats or shoes, with arms bare to the shoulders, in the fierce heat of the summer, they would wield the clumsy German field implements and apparently never tire. They possessed a wonderful capacity for work, and contributed their full share to the family prosperity. The children were taught to work at an early age, and laziness was abhorred by all. While some of the German farms were not large, every square inch of ground was made to yield its share of produce. Waste was de- 5—History of the Valley of Virginia, Kirchevall, page 136. Manners of the German People, Benjamin Rush. ‘ech ny g jaUTS, WINS ayy aang) omy Vi eu ay Tyaginva ‘ nat 4 ohaaeMbns SESE 53 ousise ye nn} 4 ce Ne SHORe vl Se tb ss i ss si qt we ¢ = iY 0) io guint K % SF ont e iad Bs. 1872 ’"S CHURCH, HAROLD CERTIFICATE OF BAPTISM, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 21 spised; work was enjoyed. ‘The result was that the Germans were the most desirable class of settlers in western Pennsylvania. Governor Thomas said of them in 1838: ‘This Province has been for some years the asylum of the distressed Protestants of the Palatinate, and other parts of Germany; and I believe it may be truthfully said that the present flourishing condition of it is in a great measure owing to the industry of these people”. A certain writer, speaking of the pioneers of Kentucky, pays this tribute to them. 6“Of twelve families of each nationality, nine Germans, seven Scotch and four Irish prospered, while the others failed” The same fact is true of western Pennsylvania. Many edi- tions of the early Greensburg papers are full of notices of Sheriff’s sales, but very few German names are found in the list. The Germans frequently bought farms on which others had failed, and made them rich and productive by intensive farming. Their frugality was another source of wealth. One of their critics said: “These Pennsylvania Dutch sell all the produce they can; the rest they feed to the pigs; and what the pigs won’t eat they give to their families”. It may be true that, among the poorer Germans, frugality sometimes degenerated into filthy habits of life, but this is certainly not true of the pioneer Germans as a class. Many of the German women were famous cooks, and passing travellers coveted a place at ‘their well-filled tables. While the Scotch-Irish were feasting on their “hog and hominy”, as their daily fare was frequently called, the Germans had their “sauer kraut und speck, schnitz und knoepf, erumbirn suppe und nudels, roggen brod und schmier kaes’”’, and none of them thought of starving. This substantial diet gave to the pioneers a remarkable degree of health. Dyspepsia was but little known, and even regarded as a fashionable disease. Notwithstanding their hardships, many of them lived to be more than ninety years of age, as the grave-stones of the older cemeteries prove. One of them lived to be 106 years of age, another to be 102. For the first few years it was not easy for the mothers to provide food for their families, because time was needed to make a good garden. Nature provided much for their tables. The woods were full of game; the streams abounded with the finest of fish. Wild turkey, bear meat and venison were eaten almost every day, but the peo- ple soon turned against it, and hungered for that vegetable diet to which they had been accustomed. It has been said, partly as a joke, that ‘the little Dutch children would get down on their knees in the garden and watch the cabbage grow, as if every leaf were precious as gold. After the first few years they had an abund- 6—-Winning of the West, Roosevelt, Vol. III, page 17. Proud’s History of Pennsylvania, Vol. II, page 274. 22 HISTORY OF THEA PLETSBURGHSSYNOD ance of all kinds of food. ‘The farms were made to produce al- most everything. The great forest furnished them with plenty of fuel, and they never had to go far to find it. The sugar maples, which were abundant in Somerset, Fayette and Westmoreland counties, supplied them with sugar. Every farmer was his own tanner. Bark was plenty; ashes took the place of lime; bears grease took the place of oil; and the best of leather was pro- duced. Every family had its own shoemaker and harnessmaker. Shoes were not much worn in the earlier years. It has been that those who owned shoes, and wore them to church for the sake of appearance, always took them off when they started home. Every family had its own weavers and tailors. Flax was planted as soon as the ground could be prepared; and evidences are found in many of the Lutheran homes of western Pennsylvania of how the German women made it serve the most useful purposes. The finest of the prepared flax was selected for sewing thread; the next grade for the bed linens and towelings; the next for ticking and coarse linens; while the coarsest of all was used for the chain, into which the wool was woven to make the indispensable linsey-woolsey of the pioneer. From.this linsey-woolsey was made the greater part of their clothing. The German women dyed this fabric according to their tastes; blue with indigo, yel- low with peach leaves and hickory bark, red with garden madder, and black with walnut bark and saltpetre. ’The best description of the experiences of the Scotch-Irish pioneersmis ounce “Doddridge’s Notes”. The three necessities which the farm could not produce were salt, iron and spices. ‘These were usually bought in Chambersburg or Hagerstown, and brought over the mountains on pack-horses by the younger men. It was the effort to get these necessities of life in the most economic way that led to the extensive manufacture of whiskey in western Pennsylvania in pioneer days. It was practically impossible for the farmers to send enough grain over the mountains on pack-horses to buy all the farming implements they needed; but it was comparatively easy to distil their grain into whiskey and send it over the mountains in that form. A five gallon keg of whiskey, slung on each side of a pack-horse, made an easy load over the mountains, and its purchasing power in Hagerstown was great enough to insure a big load for the return trip. In this way whiskey be- came their current money for eastern exchange; and, when the federal government laid a heavy tax upon all distilled liquors in 1791, it took away a large part of the purchasing power of west- ern whiskey in the eastern markets, and brought about the cele- brated “Whiskey Insurrection” in 1794, It was not caused by an inordinate love of whiskey by either the Scotch-Irish or Ger- 7—Notes on the Settlement and Indian Wars of Western Pennsylvania, Joseph Doddridge. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 23 mans, but by the fact that the excise tax had robbed them of a convenient means of procuring the necessities of life. The Ger- mans were less concerned in actual rebellion against the govern- ment than their Scotch-Irish neighbors. The insurrection, how- ever, contributed much to the German population of this part of the country; for in the army, sent into Washington County to crush the rebellion, were many Germans from Maryland and eastern Pennsylvania, who were so favorably impressed by the country west of the mountains that they resolved to make it their future home. ‘This fact, coupled with General Wayne’s decisive defeat of the Indians, and the improvement of the public roads, explain the tidal waves of emigration to western Pennsylvania in 1794 and 1795. The population of western Pennsylvania was then estimated at 50,000, about fifteen per cent of which was German. When the first settlers bought their lands from the state in 1769, they believed that the Indian troubles were over. A treaty had been made with the Iroquois at Fort Stanwix in 1768, and the land had been fairly purchased and paid for, so that it was generally believed that the Indians would not disturb them in their new homes. - They were sorely disappointed. The Indians of the West took the ground that the Iroquois had no right to sell the Indian land, and showed their resentment in many bloody forays. ‘To show how little the treaty of Fort Stanwix meant to some of the Indian tribes, it need only be told that eighteen men, women and children were either killed or taken prisoners, Feb- ruary 26, 1769, about twenty miles east of Pittsburgh. As fast as one tribe buried the war hatchet another dug it up. From 1763 to 1794, the savages made frequent inroads upon the settle- ments, leaving a trail of blood and ashes behind them. ‘The severest struggles with the Indians, after the year 1763, took place during the revolutionary war, when the savages were insti- gated by the British to commit horrible outrages. Some of the German settlers were murdered in their cabins with their fam- ilies; others were captured and taken to Canada or the North- west. Some of the German children were taken at such an early age that they were assimilated by the Indians and never returned. Other captives returned after an absence of several years, and rebuilt their ruined homes. ‘The story is told of one man and his granddaughter, who sat down to rest while on their way to church and were tomahawked by a prowling savage. For a period of twenty years the people carried their rifles as well as prayer books to church. On July 22, 1781, twenty people were surprised and killed in the home of Philip Klingenschmidt in the heart of the Westmoreland settlement. In July, 1782, the 8—Frontier Forts of Pennsylvania, Vol. II, page 380. 24 HISTORY. OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Senecas surprised and burned Hannastown, the first county-seat of Westmoreland County, and killed and captured a number of people. Another attack was made upon Hannastown in 1778, and Eva Uhrig saved the fort by her courage, and was granted a special pension for her bravery. The story of the Henry mass- acre is given in Zundel’s History of Old Zion Church, and illus- trates well the dangers faced by the early pioneers.? “Frederick Heinrich (Henry), of Northampton, Burlington County, New Jersey, settled shortly after 17/70 in the Herold settlement, about two miles north of the school-house. In time the new settlers cleared some lagd and erected a house and stables. Four children cheered this lonely settlement. During the spring of 1779, when the husband, Frederick Henry, was compelled to leave home to take some grist to a distant mill, a band of Indians, perhaps Senecas, descended upon the helpless home. As was their custom, the Indians sneaked up to the house to ascertain if the men were home and on guard. Now, the Henrys had a large cock that frequently came to the door of the home to be fed. Mrs. Henry, seeing some feathers moving near the door, sent one of the children to shoo away the big rooster, whereupon the Indians, decked out in the feathers of their war head-gear, burst in upon the helpless family. Mrs. Henry bravely attempted to defend her little ones, whereupon she was tomahawked and scalped in the presence of her small children. One child, seeing the Indians coming at the door, fled into the corn field and hid among the corn, and thus escaped, the Indians being in a hurry, fearing the wrath of the settlers. The Indians now took the three children captive, and after firing the buildings started on their journey toward the Indian country. It soon de- veloped that the youngest child, a mere infant, would be too much bother to the Indians, so, when it began to cry, a big Indian took it by its feet and dashed its brains out against a maple tree. **«* "This tree was held sacred by the pioneers, and it stood until recent times, about 1900. Immediately upon the return of Henry, a posse of settlers started out in pursuit of the Indians. One account relates that the Indians were in their camp above Pitts- burgh on the Allegheny, and after a lively skirmish the children were recaptured, and the murderer of the wife and child identi- fied, tied to a tree, and dispatched by the daughter, Anna Mar- garet, then about nine years old. *** Another account agrees with the report of Colonel Broadhead, that Captain Brady, with twenty white men and a Delaware Chief, effected the capture.” For a few years these Indian raids upon the border were so serious that the men were afraid to venture into their fields; and the Fort Pitt Commandant found it necessary to send detach- 9—History of Old Zion Church, Zundel, page 63. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 2) ments of soldiers into the settlements to guard the people while they gathered their harvests. And yet it is said that these grave perils did not interfere with the attendance of the people at the services of the church. Whether these services were conducted by the schoolmaster or the pastor, the church was usually filled with worshippers, some of whom had walked for eight or ten miles in order to be present. They loved the House of God. As one of the pioneers once expressed it: “Es war uns nicht zu weit zwoelf meilen zur predigt gehen, den es war damals gefaehr- lich”. ‘They braved the dangers of the wilderness themselves in order that they might worship the Lord, and they also required their children to make the same long and dangerous journeys through the forest, in order to attend catechetical instruction and be confirmed in the faith of the church. For their better protection against the Indians, forts and block-houses were built at convenient places 1n every settlement, where the people could take refuge in times of serious danger. The large type of fort is thus described by Judge Veech: 10“These forts were erected by the associated efforts of settlers in particular neighborhoods, upon the land of some one, whose name was thereupon given to the fort. They consisted of a greater or less space of land, enclosed on all sides by big log parapets or stockades, and cabins adapted to the abode of families. The only external openings were a large puncheon gate, and small port holes among the logs, through which the unerring rifle of the settler could be pointed against the assailants. Sometimes additional cabins were erected outside the fort, for temporary abode, in times of danger, from which the sojourners could in case of attack retire within the fort. *** These rude defenses were very secure, were seldom attacked, and rarely if ever captured. They were always located on commanding open eminences, sufficiently remote from coverts and wooded heights to prevent surprise”. The prevailing type of defense adopted by the German settlers was the blockhouse. ‘These blockhouses were built of heavy green logs, closely joined together, two stories high, and were constructed in sucha manner that the upper story pro- jected about six feet over the lower on all sides, giving the de- fenders an opportunity of shooting down upon close assailants, and also of protecting themselves against fire. Several of these blockhouses were erected at convenient places in each settlement, and were usually called “forts”. The forts of the central West- moreland settlers were Fort Waldhauer, located on the farm of Michael Waldhauer, about eight miles west of Greensburg; Fort Allen, located near Old Zion Church in the Herold’s settlement ; Fort Rugh, located on the farm of Michael Rugh, near the pres- ent Westmoreland County Home; Fort Kepple, located on the farm of Michael Kepple, about two miles north of Greensburg: Fort Miller, located near Hannastown; Fort Marchant, located 10—Monongahela of Old, Judge James Veech, page 21. 26 HISTORY: OF THE PITESBURGHESMNOD on the farm of Doctor David Marchant in the Brush Creek settle- ment; Fort Klingenschmidt, located on the farm of Philip Klingenschmidt near Jeannette; and Fort Armel, near Pleasant Unity. One of the older members of the Ridge Church once told Pastor W. F. Ulery how his grandmother, in times of Indian danger, would mik the cows and do her farm chores, and then hurry back to the fort for safety. Her husband had several encounters with’ the Indians and some narrow escapes. 11“One night, when he was alone in the house, it was surrounded by a horde of Indians, who had doubtless come to murder him and his family, but he kept up such a noise and demonstration that he impressed the savages that there was a strong band of men within, hence they soon dispersed and left him in peace”. The Germans were slow to take up arms against the Indians, but made the most effective kind of Indian fighters when thor- oughly aroused. Some of the best and most trusted scouts on the frontier were Germans. The record of the Wetzel family is not surpassed by any. Louis Wetzel, one of the members of this family, is said to have killed twenty-seven Indians with his own hand during his life! time, -@nvone occasion he: killeditareesorsa party of four savages, who were pursuing him through the torest.!* Rifle companies for home defense were formed in some of the settlements, the most notable of which was that of Adam Saam, a member of Brush Creek Church. A full regiment was organized at one time, in which a number of Germans from Fay- ette, Westmoreland, and Allegheny counties were enlisted. When these soldiers were sent to Kittanning in 1774, the citizens of the Herold’s settlement held a meeting at Fort Allen, and addressed the following petition to Governor John Penn. 13Fort Allen, Hempfield Township, between Wendel Oury’s and Christopher Trubee. To the Honorable John Penn, Esqr., Governor and Commander in Chief in and over the Province of Penn- sylvania, and Counties of New Castle, Kent and Sussex upon Delaware. The petition of the inhabitants of Westmoreland County humbly sheweth, That there is great reason to fear that this part of the Country will soon be involved in an Indian war. _ . That the consequences will most probably be striking, as the Country is in a very defenseless state, without any Places of strength, stock of Ammunition, or necessary stores. That the abandoning the, Country must be attended with total ruin to great numbers, who are now in an easy situation, but almost distracted with the apprehensions of seeing their Helpless Infants fall a sacrifice to savage Cruelty, and this will most certainly be the event unless they meet with some protection. 11—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 97. 12—Winning of the West, Theodore Roosevelt, Vol. I, page 107. 13—This petition may be seen at the State Library, Harrisburg, Pa. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ys In these circumstances, next to the Almighty, they look to your Honor, and Hope you will take their Case into Consideration, and afford them such relief as to your Honor shall seem meet. And your Petitioners, as in duty bound, shall ever pray. To this petition were attached eighty signatures, of which at least seventy-three are German, showing that the entire Herold settlement was practically German. ‘The names of these peti- tioners, prepared by an expert in German script, are as follows: Allimang, Nicolaus Klingelsmit, Peter Schelhammer, Peter Altman, William Konel, Michael Scheuer, Nicholas Altman, Peter Kroushor, John Schmit, Heinrich Altman, Andoni Kuemel, Jacob Schmit, Jacob Altman, Peter (2) Kunkel, Hans Schram, Jacob Archbold, Richard Kutz, Josef Schram, Heinrich Aterman, Lutwig Lafferty, John eet ek Jacob Bam, Christian Lewis, Samuel ils sean Beier, Georg Linck, Conrat Sil, Heinrich Bendeary, John Marshal, Dafit Sourer, Knicklas Benter, Georg Marshal, Fritrich Spengeler, Hannes Breinig, Marx Matiss, Daniel Stroh, Jacob Breinig, Joh Matiss, Jacob Stuart, Archy Breinig, Hannes Mechlyn, Jacob Tames, Gerhart Bricker, Adam Mechlin, Dewalt Trubee, Christopher George, Adam Meier, Adam Uber, Peter Golden, John Meyer, Baltzer Uhrich, Stofel Hann, Michael Mickendorf, Kasber Uhrich, Adam Harrison, William Mickendorf, Georg Uhrich, Peter Hauser, Jacob Moffey, John Walter, Adony Herolt, Christopher Oury, Wendel Wanenmacher, Peter Hister, Conrad Pankek, Jos Waterms, James Houck, Conrad Raupp, Frantz Welcker, Jacob Hunts, Martin Redeck, John Wilers, Danel Kessner, Peter Reis, Bernt Williams, Thomas Kleyn, Heinrich Rosch, Peter Yunt, Nicolaus Klingelschmit, Philip Schatz, Michael This petition reveals the fact that Pennsylvania German family names, under the processes of Americanization, are pe- culiarly subject to change. Some of them have been changed so many times that it is difficult to trace them to their originals. The father of the Harrold family, after which the Zion Church was named, spelled his name Herolt in this petition. The large Klingensmith family of western Pennsylvania descends from pioneers, who wrote the name Klingelschmit. The founder of the Rupp family, which has given a number of ministers to both the Reformed and Lutheran Church, wrote his name Raupp. The Kuhns family of western Pennsylvania gives an even more striking example of Americanization. The patriarch spelled his name Kunze. None of his descendants seemed satisfied with this, one making changes according to taste, and spelling it Kunz, Kountze, Kountz, Kuhns, Kuhn, Koon, and finally plain Ameri- can Coon. One of the pioneers, who came over the mountains in 1769 or 1770, was Baltzer Meyer, the first schoolmaster of the Herold’s settlement. He was a man of exceptional attainments for those days, and, during his term of service in the community, evidenced a knowledge of the scriptures and a familiarity with Lutheran usage that was highly praiseworthy. The first public building of the community was a combination church and school- FIRST PAGE, HAROLD’S CHURCH RECORD, 1772 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 29 house, in which he conducted devotional services on Sunday, and taught during the week. The Germans of western Pennsylvania were more prompt in providing schools for their children than were their English-speaking neighbors. This schoolhouse at Herold’s was the first in Westmoreland County, and it may have been the first west of the mountains. The Pennsylvania Dutch have been charged with being too busy for anything but work, but the old Herold’s schoolhouse is their sufficient defense. It was the custom of all the stronger settlements to hire a school- master from the eastern part of the state, providing a horse and escort for his journey, but some of the settlements, like Herold’s, were strong enough to support a resident schoolmaster. These German teachers were often men of ability, and able to provide for the spiritual wants of the people, when they were not able to secure the services of a pastor. Such a man was Baltzer Meyer. In harmony with the counsel of the Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania, he would gather the people together in the log schoolhouse every Lord’s Day, lead them in the singing of the old familiar German hymns, and read to them an approved sermon. In the year 1772, at the earnest request of the people, he opened a church register, in which he entered the names of the children brought to him for baptism. ‘This practice was continued until June 4, 1782, when the first Lutheran pastor entered the field. The German schoolmasters filled a large place in the religious life of their respective communities, and were sometimes pressed by the eager people into the work of the ministry. The case of Johannes Stauch is a good illustration of this. While he lived in the Virginia glades he was only a layman; but, because he held religious meetings in his home on Sundays, at which he read a prayer and a German sermon, he was called a preacher and asked to do a preacher’s work. His autobiography, translated by his son and placed in the library of the Historical Society at Gettys- burg, is one of the most interesting documents of pioneer days. It is therefore given in full. AMO BIOGRAETYCOrRAIOHANNES so DAUCH “T was born of poor but pious parents. My father was born and raised in Wurtemberg, mother in Germany. They emigrated to the United States in 1740 and settled in York County, Pa. I was born, Jan. 25, 1762. My mother exercised strict parental and Christian discipline over her children. As soon as they could lisp a language she taught them maxims, prayers and verses from the Bible, many of which remain in- delibly impressed on my mind and conscience until this day of three score and ten years. In rather an unhappy manner I passed my life until I reached my 19th year; then I saw plainly that my soul was not brought fully under the power of divine love. I tried to believe, for there is no hope except in the blessed promises of God’s Holy Book. For, ‘It is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy. The thought that I must preach the gospel took hold upon my mind. This is now in my 19th year, and woe is me if I do not obey the call. I made known the feeling of my mind to my parents and they were willing to have me educated for the gospel ministry. They had the will 30 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD and means. But they said I had better consult my pastor before engaging in such an important work. Accordingly 1 went to Rev. Goehring ot York for advice. After asking me some questions, he dismissed me trom his study with the advice to defer the matter for that time, and if it was God’s will that I should be educated for the ministry it would be done. At a meeting with this same Rev. gentleman ten years after this he deeply regretted that he did not sufficiently encourage me to qualify for the work of the ministry. But it was now too late, and it was evident that God had called me to the work of an evangelist, or pioneer to cross the Allegheny Mountains and sound the Gospel trumpet in the wilderness of the West, where the heralds of the cross had never been. After the close of my school I became an indentured apprentice to the wagon-making trade in Little York, after which I travelled as a journeyman to Hagers- town, and, while working there for Mr. Harry, I became acquainted with Miss Elizabeth Hogmyer, or Haguemire, with whom I was joined in holy matrimony in the summer of A. D. 1787. We started immediately after our marriage to seek a home in the Mississippi Valley, in company with one other young couple. For many days we journeyed, surmounting many grievous obstacles without an accident. But we were punished for desecrating the Holy Sabbath. By travelling on Saturday we remembered the Sabbath. But when it came we did not remember to keep it holy. Our agreement on Saturday was to rest when Sunday came. But on Saturday night there fell a heavy rain and swelled the waters in those mountains to make it dangerous, for twenty or thirty hours after the rain, to ford, and when the day of rest came, and the end of the com- mandment, ‘Keep it holy’, we attempted to cross the Savage Creek (one of the headwaters of the Potomac River) on Sunday morning, after the heavy rain of Saturday night. We plunged into it. My comrade got on the front horse, I on the saddle horse, the two women in the wagon. My comrade, when the horse began to swim, fell off and was swept away by the current, and no one to aid him or to save his life. Thus I was alone with the two women in the wagon to behold the solemn scene, with the judgment of God resting on us, and not yet over the stream. But our lives and the lives of the horses were saved. On Monday we crossed in safety, but one of our number was carried away with the stream, and we saw him no more. As we were breaking our way into the wilderness we did not find turnpikes, macadamized roads, bridges, canals, railroads and such like facilities for travelling, but we had to take our compass for our guide, and ax and cut our way in many places through and around hills and rocks. Now, when we had settled in the forest we opened a sugar camp, and, when the Sabbath came, we labored hard all day by gathering and boiling the water, thinking it right to have and boil it if God made it run on the Sabbath. When evening came we emptied the syrup into the trough, and covered it with bark and retired to rest, after a hard Sabbath Day’s labor. During the night the cattle came to our camp and drank all the syrup, which sickened some and destroyed the life of others. So we lost not only our labor, but our cattle also. These two incidents effectu- ally convinced us that no good would come from violating God’s law of the Sabbath by travelling and worldly labor, and never until this day have I tolerated in my family or churches Sunday traveling, visiting or working under any pretense whatever, except works of necessity and works of mercy. We found a stopping place in the then called Virginia Glades, 160 miles from Hagerstown, from whence we started, and 20 miles from any settlement of white people that we knew of. During the first year we lived there, some young transient men and women came to visit us, but we knew of no settlers nearer than 20 miles from us. The second year there came six families and one young man. The wood ax then began to wake the echo. All around us forests fell. We here learned for the first time that the text, ‘It is not good for man to be alone’, signifies more than husband and wife. Our Hagerstown fathers HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 31 were mindful of our spiritual as well as our temporal destitution. Hay- ing no living ministry to send us, they sent us a sermon book at their carliest opportunity, and earnestly entreated us that we should assemble every Sabbath and praise God by singing and reading prayers and sermons, which we did every Sabbath with good effect. In our far off home people were as susceptible of moral and religious feeling, even if they were not as accomplished in their manners as in their old settlements. A young man and woman came to us soon after our settling in our new home, and requested me to marry them. He was tall and straight, with a tawney complexion, a dark and restless eye, barefooted and clad from a little below the knees upwards with skins of animals. He carried his gun upon his shoulder, shotpouch and powderhorn by his side, and his game in his hand, and his bride close by following him, who was also clad with the habiliments of the forest. They, as we ourselves, had no weekly periodicals to publish the fashions of the day, as sent to us from cities and foreign countries to crack our brains and burst our empty purses. He with a manly countenance, she with a mischievous smile upon her lip, asked to be married. We told them we had no license to perform a legal marriage. Now, they said they did not care, they intended to live together at any rate, and there was no minister in the country. But we were a law unto ourselves, our own conscience bearing witness, our own thoughts accusing or excusing one another. They said as there was no preacher to be had, and as we read sermons we could read marriage cere- monies also. We concluded after mature deliberation that we had better solemnize their nuptials. As I had been chosen to lead and read sermons and uniformly to lead in our religious exercises, it was consequently thought that I should marry them. I accordingly did it backwoods style, without any license myself or asking them for one. Others came on the same business, and I served them also, considering matrimony more a civil than religious ordination. I enquired for information from my friend, Rey. Goehring. He directed me to attend and enquire at a civil court in the state. I attended the session of court in western Virginia, and ob- tained license or legal authority to solemnize matrimony. But now an- other difficulty more formidable than the first awaited us. It was the baptism of our children. I would always find some way to have my own baptized. But others thought it impossible for them. They wanted me to baptize their children. But I declined. They also wanted the Lord’s Supper administered, and wanted me to do it or assume that right. We continued reading and talking from one Sabbath to another about spir- itual things with those who wished to hear us (and those who did not wish to hear stayed away from our meeting). The duty of preaching be- came more impressed on my mind than ever before, and my brethren thought that I could and must preach for them and others. But how could I support a family with a wife and four children in the wilderness, and study for the ministry, was the dilemna. Jona fled to Tarshish, I to the wilderness, to suffer the lashings of a guilty conscience over wasted opportunities for obtaining mental training, that is indispensably neces- sary for a proper exercise of the ministry. But I read: ‘I will lead thee into the wilderness and there be merciful unto thee’. My thoughts con- tinued to trouble me more and more. ‘Woe is me if I preach not the gosnel’ was constantly ringing in my ears and on my mind. In dreams bv night I dreamed that multitudes of early settlers would throng the place, tremble and weep at the recital of the story of the cross. Sometimes it seemed to me the learned and accomplished in the church would upbraid me for transcending my proper sphere. A wife and four children at home and in poverty, a meagre pittance for my services in the church, the wretched condition around me, a smiling Savior with a glorious crown on high. In such visions I spent my nights. After manv pravers and much consideration, and in view of the blessed promises of God that their place of refuge should be the shadow of rocks, bread should be given them ae HISTORY OF THE SETI be UNG Pies YAN Ge and their water should be sure, | formed a fixed resolution by the grace of God I would preach Jesus and trust God for good results. And this is one of the most important decisions I ever made. In a short time I was invited to Morgantown to commence my ministerial life. I went without any synodical authority, being of God, after the order of Melchisedec, and ministered to them once in every four weeks. I was soon pressingly solicited to preach for a few Germans in Fayette County, Pa., twenty miles farther west, and in all seventy miles from home. Thus the field continued to increase, the poor Germans hungering for the bread of life. The cry was continually, ‘Come west’ or ‘Come over and help us’. Others asked to have their children baptized and catechised. There was no one to break to them the bread of life, to point them in a dying hour to the scene of Calvary, and preach their funerals when they were dead. My heart sickened within me when I thought and saw the widespread destitution, that has always existed in the Lutheran Church in the West. At the close of a hard Sabbath Day’s labor, I retired to rest. In my sleep my thought wandered to my distant home. I dreamed that my wife and I had parted, and were to live together-no more upon earth. I started for home early next morning, confident that something serious awaited me. I reached home that day, a distance of forty miles, and found all well. But on Wednesday following death came to my lonelv cabin. and removed my dear, affectionate and pious wife to heaven. She suffered severely but patiently. In her last moments, she gave her neighbors pious counsel, her little children a mother’s dying blessing with her trembling hand resting upon their heads, to me a long farewell, and said: ‘I die happy’, and immediately her spirit returned to God who gave it. We buried her remains in a small burying place under a large oak tree in a lonely woods. We covered sod over her grave, and, with the requiem in the tall pines, we returned to mourn her vacant seat at home and place of devotion. She went before us to heaven, and we were blessed in her loss, for we were brought nearer to that happy place by thinking of her there. We had wandered hand in hand through the desert of life: rejoiced and mourned, hungered and thirsted together for a few happy years. But God severed the tie that bound us, and His will be done. ‘Gott hilf mir, Amen’, This heavy stroke of divine providence very unexpectedly called me from my ministry to attend to the severed offices of my family.. I made arrangements as soon as I could, and returned to Hagerstown in May, 1793, after spending six years in the wilderness. The summer was ad- vancing, and we were now driven from a paradise (for such my dead wife made our home) and exposed to all the ills of life. My four little ones were taken ill with the small pox, and the horse I rode was claimed by an inn-keeper in Hagerstown as stolen property. I had gotten him in Fayette in exchange for a lighter one to suit the travel of the long journey. I was now bereft of my wife, deprived of my horse as stolen property. My motherless children were homeless and sick. Yet it was a source of unspeakable happiness to feel that’ we had done our duty before God and man; and there was still left in our desolation a merci- ful providence to guide us whithersoever we went. Nor was our-humble confidence in the superintending care of heaven disappointed, for my old and for twenty years tried friend, Rev. Otterbein, preached within eight miles of Hagerstown, and came once more with consoling words that cheered my gloomy condition and renewed my fainting spirits. He assured me that although God dwelled in darkness, He walks in light. His consolation encouraged me, and his unfeigned sympathy and prayers did me good. At the close of the religious service he made a public statement of my destitute condition, and raised a collection which amounted to a sufficient sum to purchase a horse. I then continued my journey to the city of Philadelphia to attend the meeting of the Penn- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD aR) sylvania Evangelical Lutheran Synod, which convened, May 27, A. D. 1793. Was examined by that honorable body, and was found competent to receive license as a catechist for one year. On my return home from Synod, I removed from Hagerstown to German ‘Township, Fayette County, Penn., and occupied the glebe and house belonging to St. Jacob’s Church. I attended the next meeting of the Pennsylvania Synod, which convened on the 18th day of June, 1794, in Reading, Pa., and was examined by that honorable body and found qualified to receive a candi- date’s license to preach one year, in Salem, Morgantown, Redstone, (und als weiter) and still farther west. These congregations and one in Washington County I organized before I was licensed to preach. I had ten preaching places in German Lutheran settlements, from one hundred miles to one hundred and sixty miles distant, to which I trav- elled every four weeks. I lived, when at home, in a cabin three years one-half entirely alone, no living creature about me but my horse. My kind neighbors did my washing and baking of bread. I was joined in matrimony to Miss Catherine Troutman in 1796, and continued traveling as extensively as before. I had now been traveling and preaching five years as faithfully as I could, and I began to doubt the reality of my call to preach. I could see there was not so much loud talk and laughter before and after the religious services as when we first engaged to preach to this people. But I seriously determined to abandon the min- istry, unless | had some good evidence on my next round of having ac- complished some lasting good. As I went I talked about my temptations and determinations. During the round I found four reliable men, who said I was the honored instrument in the hand of God in their conver- sion. ‘The first was converted on my preaching on self-deception, the second by my religious conversation in his father’s family, the third by my catechetical instruction, and the fourth was converted while I was in the act of confirming him. Two of these became useful ministers in the Lutheran Church. The tempter departed from me. I was resolved to sow the seed in the morning, and not withhold my hand in the evening, until the grave shall hide me from the world, and leave the event to God. My only trouble now was how I could best instruct mourners for God, and awaken sinners to come to Christ. Young ministers will, perhaps, be at a loss to know how we contrived to study our sermons and travel so extensively. God has made provision in my situation. He bestows upon us both gifts and graces, and permits us to preach the same sermon repeatedly. And I believe this custom will uniformly hold good, and will benefit all who will go to church to serve God. But those who serve God by going to church perhaps will not be so well suited. Some are un- willing to hear it said they preach their sermons twice. But I repeatedly used a good sermon or discourse, delivered by some good minister before, or preaching it four weeks in succession every day and night as we traveled, and, as I thought, to good effect to my hearers. They would often travel in company with me, in numbers from ten to thirty, from one appointment to another to hear the same discourse repeated, con- stantly affirming they could get more meaning and comfort the second time of delivery than the first. As we were traveling along on one of these occasions, they would ask many questions about religion, heaven, hell, the resurrection of the dead and the soul. Among other strange questions, a black man asked me where a man got his soul. I thought or rather studied while my horse was following out a winding path which led me over some lofty hill to some lone hovel in the mountain or widerness, to kneel and pray by the bedside of the afflicted or dying, and sing and talk to them before their eyes closed in death. If young min- isters would thus go from house to house to visit, and imitate Him that went about doing good, and expound the scriptures according to primi- tive apostolic custom, of taking a book or chapter for a lesson and after 34 HISTORY OF- TH EPULRESBURG Tas Ne a clear exposition enforce its precepts on the mind and conscience of their hearers, and pray instead of always preaching from a text in the ordinary way of sermonizing, they would doubtless be more useful. The faithful minister is not conformed to fashions of men, and is not of this world, ‘even as Christ was not of the world’. The first preachers of righteousness willingly suffered the loss of all things, and counted them but dross, that they might win Christ. They counted not their lives dear unto themselves in the fulfilment of their ministry. Many preachers in our day are but poorly qualified for the noble and sublime work of the ministry, which is in itself the most glorious work to which mortals can be called in this life. May the Master give us more of the spirit of Luther and Christ than we now possess. Amen. The Redstone country improved, and settlers came rapidly until the price of land became too high for them. This induced emigrants to go west into the wilderness. In 1798 and 1799, vast numbers emigrated to the territory of Ohio, which was at that time nearly an impenetrable forest. The first settlement in the territory was at Marietta, at the con- fluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers, in 1788. In A. D. 1799, the territory legislators met in Cincinnati, and organized the civil govern- ment of the country, and promoted the safety of pioneers by putting a check to the hostilities of the Indians. Among the first settlers of the territory of Ohio were many pious Germans from beyond the waters and eastern states. A large number bore the honorable name of Lutheran. Vast numbers of them were baptized and confirmed to membership in the Lutheran communion, But, through the neglect of the means of grace, some had fallen into rationalism and all manner of sin. Others were pious and daily hungering after righteousness, and continued in their daily devotions morning and evening in their cabins, kneeling in the dust upon their earthen floors, prayed fervently to the Great Shepherd to send them spiritual guides, to visit their families, baptize their babes, catechize and confirm their children, visit them in their affliction, speak comfortable words of promise to them in their dying moments and per- form burial services at their graves. I heard their Macedonian call for help, and read and understood the clause in my license, ‘Als weiter’, and also the command of the Divine Master, ‘Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature’. I had already an extensive field, but this evil destitution that prevailed in our church induced me to travel in thinly settled parts of Ohio, Kentucky, Western Virginia and Penn- sylvania. And this I did for twelve years in succession. ‘The first two I traveled 14°0 miles before I returned home. During these visits the people would come a long way, and especially the Lutherans, who had had the privilege in the east and in Germany to hear the preached Word almost every Sabbath, to our meetings, and hear the Word of God with deep attention. and after a service would be loath to leave the place. In one instance, in the northern part of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, after a long service in an open barn, after we had closed the service and pro- nounced the benediction, the people sat down and asked for another dis- course. We gave them a discourse on keeping the Sabbath Day holy. They also embraced these opportunities of having their children baptized. We baptized twenty-three children in one day under the green trees where we worshipped, with our Great Father’s broad blue canopy stretched over our heads to show us how great and good He is. During these excursions | was often exposed to great deprivations, inclemency of weather and peril of wilderness. Not infrequently the night found me in the woods, a long distance from any habitation, my only alternative was to tie my horse to a sapling for safe keeping, take my saddle and blanket for a bed, and like Jacob of old, who took a stone for a pillow, lie down in that place to sleep, so I would resign myself to the PASTOR JOHANNES STAUCH 36 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH. SYNOD mercy of the night. And, like him, in the morning I would be re- freshed and encouraged by visions of the night, if not like him to see the ladder and angelic visions. For any of us would be willing to take up with Jacob’s pillow if we might but have Jacob’s dreams. Yet I was permitted to appropriate the blessed promise made to him for my safety and comfort. For the Lord said, ‘Behold I will be with thee and will keep thee in this place and whithersoever thou goest, and bring thee again into this land. For I will not leave thee until I do that which I have spoken to thee of.’ And like Jacob I was fed and clothed and kept, and like him was permitted to live and return to my home in safety. For neither myself nor horse were ever sick when duty re- quired me to go. And this I considered a special providence, as I was compelled to swim waters and climb hills in the new country, to en- counter swamps that were often dangerous, so that I might: reach my appointments in the settlements 12 to 30 miles distant. In October, A. D. 1802, a meeting was held in Jacob’s Church in German township, Fayette County, Pa., by the assistance.sof Rev. H. Fremmer and Rev. H. Eddinger. During this meeting, which continued for one week, some twenty persons fell in their seats, while others left their seats and hurried out of the house, some with indignation and others from fear. he falling or jerking, as it was called, was a strange phenomenon in- deed. Men and women in perfect health were involuntarily and often suddenly jerked about like persons afflicted with St. Vitus dance, while others fell down and appeared in a state of syncope. This falling work had been going on in the Presbyterian church previous to its appearing in my church. Kentucky or Tenneseee was the seat or beginning of this religious mania, which the Presbyterian clergy called phastia. Be this as it may, the results of these exercises and this protracted meeting led to painful divisions of the congregations. For a number of persons and a number of: the congregations shortly after this separated them- selves from the church, and employed a Rev. Kittlebaugh to preach at M. G. Riffle’s, in sight of my meeting house, at the same hour that I preached in the church. Under these circumstances the friends of Rey. Kittlebaugh preferred an accusation against me to the Pennsyl- vania Synod, which convened. on the 30th of May, 1804. In this ac- cusation, seven charges avere: named against.me (viz) sie baat od refused to give the order of the Ministerium when it was demanded. 2nd. That I had made my father-in-law and brother-in-law deacons of the church,.so they could do nothing with me. 3rd. That-I did not speak q word of German to my family. 4th. That 1 broke up the German schools. 5th. That I had communed with Rev. Fremmer, a German Reformed. 6th. That I had also taken the Lord’s Supper with the Methodists. 7th. That I had stated from the pulpit that no Lutheran should unite in singing at the time of holding the communion, who did not at the same time receive the sacrament. The charges were examined into, and were considered by the Ministerium unworthy of any notice. At this meeting of Synod I was examined and ordained to preach the gospel of reconciliation, after having been licensed ten years. In June, 1806, a meeting was called for the purpose of trying to settle amicably the existing difficulty in the congregation: But nothing could be af- fected. On the 13th of the next August, I administered the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper the twelfth and last time in this congregation. I preached to this people in all 15 years, 13 of which I resided in the glcbe with my family. In October, I resigned the pastorate, and re- moved to Columbiana County, Ohio, with my family. I was the first person (that we know of) who carried a Lutheran ministerial seal across the Allegheny mountains into the state or territory of Ohio, where so many churches are now supplied by the best of preachers, and stand as monuments of Lutheranism, to the glory of God. The Lord has HISTORY, GF THE PITISBURGH. SYNOD 37 done great things for us, whereof we are glad. Lutherans emigrated to Ohio from all parts of the civilized world, and especially from the east of Pennsylvania. They came in vast numbers, and settled sparsely in many divisions. The first Lutheran settlement was made in Jeffer- son County, in A. D. 1800, by emigrants from Washington County, Penn. ‘The first year after my move into Ohio, I organized twelve congregations in the counties of Columbiana, Jefferson, Warren, Stark, Beaver and Mercer (the last two named in Pennsylvania), and con- tinued to preach in Washington County, every four weeks the first year, and after every eight weeks, as it was seventy miles distant and over bad roads. My heart sickens within me when I behold the wide waste of our beloved Zion. Children baptized within the pale of the church crying for spiritual food or instruction, and all for want of laborers in the harvest field. And many that were truly pious were spiritually starving, wandering in the wilderness of sin, and lost to the church and to heaven. Men came as far as 30 miles and told me their deplorable condition, and bade me come and preach the gospel in their houses. In the midst of all eagerness for the word of life, we were op- posed and denounced by falsely so-called Lutherans. We preached too plainly and practically for their carnal minds. This was the secret of their opposition. They thought it right and had no objection for a minister to denounce and decry gross violations of God’s commandments, but small offenses, they said, might be innocently tolerated. Among other things they counted innocent and not sinful were dancing at parties of young people, laughing and loud talking in church before and after divine service, formal visits on the Sabbath Day and even working in harvest, traveling, hunting and fishing, dram drinking among the elders and deacons and the whole church at house-raisings. I raised not my hand against such nefarious practices, but I did raise my voice loud and long against them. We tried to define the term “drunk” ac cording to the notions of the people, but never could do it. For one thought one thing, and said another, what drunkenness was. One thing was evident to me, as long as a drinker could keep up his head he would not admit that he was drunk, and when he could no longer reel to and fro, but was compelled to lie down and sleep in filth like a hog in the sty, he had not sense enough then to know that he was drunk. Hence I preached that the only safe way was to refrain from it entirely. I taught them to believe, if they would abstain from the use of exhilarating drinks, that they might be sure they would never be drunk, but without total abstinence it was extremely doubtful. But I met with strong opposition from many of my Lutheran mem- bers, by opposing and condemning these immoral practices. Lutherans also opposed the measures I used in my churches. I often appointed meetings in private houses for exhortation, prayer and religious con- ference. In these meetings we would speak freely, one to the other, of our hopes and fears, joys and sorrows, desires and good resolutions. While some of the Lutherans approved these meetings and _ rejoiced greatly, praising the Lord for the rich blessing bestowed upon them; others considered them adiaphoristic, neither good nor bad, but held them unnecessary meetings, while others held them as conventicles, de- nouncing them as the rankest kind of diabolical heresy and un-Luth- eran in the extreme. Regardless of praise or censure, we pursued the even tenor of our way, for it was them and not theirs I was after. I have always found these meetings to be true nurseries of a religious life among all Christians of every denomination and language. But especially are they beneficial among young converts, who hunger and thirst after righteousness. It is there they are filled, there they find meat the world knoweth not of, and there they drink the water of life, the unspeakable delight of their fainting and wearied souls. ‘This 38 HISTORY “OF *THERP EES Uh oy Nop kind of interchange of Christian feelings and sentiments uniformly stimu- lates for more exalted spiritual attainment. Peace in the church, charity toward all men and firmness in the Christian faith and doctrines are the fruits of these conventions. Notwithstanding the ridicule and persecu- tion which these meetings have met with, not only from our lay- members but from many accomplished clergy who uniformly gave their influence against them, I nevertheless feel it my duty to recom- mend them most seriously and pressingly to the favorable notice of our churches and ministers. And this I did from 50 years experience in them, in different states and congregations. I met in Ohio, from time to time, pious and respectable and intelligent ministers, Lutheran breth- ren, who were congenial spirits to me. Among them was the Rev. Steck. He came out in A. D. 1796, and located in Westmoreland County, Penn. He was emphatically a Boanerges._ By his thunders. he, has made his mark wherever he went, but he has so many living epistles both in heaven and on earth, that he needs not my imperfect writing to recommend him. He is known and honored by the great Master of assemblies, and lives in the hearts of hundreds, who were blessed by his indefatigable labors. Rev. Forster came out in 1807, and settled in New Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio. He was also a man of God, zealous and full of good works, and proved himself to be a faithful, diligent laborer. We are also strengthened and encouraged by brethren in sis- ter churches. Among the number were the Revs. Mannenschmidt and Sonnendecker of the German Reformed Church, the first ministers of that church who preached the gospel in Ohio. The first meeting of a Lutheran Synod, west of the mountains, convened and formed in New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas County, Ohio, in September, A. D. 1817. Spring, summer, autumn and winter continued to follow each other in quick succession until the year 1829 had rolled around. The sun, rains and winds appeared as they did forty years before, when I first crossed the mountains on my way to the wilderness of the Mississippi Valley. But all else had greatly changed. The forest disappeared with its num- erous inhabitants. The war-whoop, the death-song were no longer heard. The hatchet was laid aside, instruments of labor taken up, and Indian battlements were used for the oxen and for the treading of lesser cattle. The church had undergone many great vicissitudes. Num- erous church edifices reared their walls, where innumerable Indian cabins had stood in A. D. 1730. The sound of church bells was heard to call the inhabitants to the worship of God, instead of the din and clangor. of war. Our beloved Zion had undergone many changes for the better. We have an able ministry in the western field, who hold regular conference and synodical meetings, and are preaching the truth and speaking the truth plainly and fervently with the best results. I too was greatly changed in body, but not in soul; for my soul was changed in youth, long before I crossed the winter mountains. But now my hairs are as white as the mountain frosts. My long frame begins to bend under the weight of three score and ten years. My once strong step now begins to falter. My stentorious voice, that had been my faithful serv- ant for many years, began to fail in both speaking and singing. I knew this to be a sure presage of my speedy dissolution, and resigned my pastorate in Columbiana and adjoining counties in the fall*o£21829. and removed to Crawford County, intending to spend the remainder of my days in quiet retirement, which is so much coveted by old age, and to meditate on the bright and eternal future. But here 1 was not per- mitted to remain long until I heard the Macedonian cry for me to come over and help to preach. I again consented to preach to some German brethren, in connection with the well accomplished and efficient Rev. Ruth, who won many souls to the cause of his ascended Master. When the English Evan. Lutheran Synod of Ohio and Adjacent States, of which HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 39 I had been senior for some years, convened in the town of Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio, in A. D. 1840, I went to the meeting to take my final leave of my brethren of the Synod. At the close of the meeting, I arose with an overflowing heart to say farewell to them, for I loved them. We took sweet counsel together, and walked to the House of God together for many years, but now I expected to see them no more until we meet in the mansions of everlasting light, where God and His angels dwell. 1 was like God’s ancient servant, Jacob, who could not stand only as he leaned on the bed to bestow a father’s blessing upon his surviving children. Like him, the time drew near when I must die; and like him, I leaned on my staff to take leave of my weeping brethren, which | did from my heart and then parted to meet on earth no more. I have lived on God’s beautiful earth eighty-one years. More than fifty years of my life has been spent in preaching the Gospel. To do this, I have travelled more than 100,000 miles and preached in five dif- ferent states. I have tried to preach more than 10,000 times, confirmed in all 1,516 persons, baptized more than double that many. Married 481 couples, and attended nearly as many funerals. In all my life God caused all things to work together for my good. I never saw a fight in my life, nor a quarrel in a meeting. I never held a: church session nor excommunicated a church member in all my ministry. Money was never my object in preaching, and consequently I was never pressed with poverty. I always read political newspapers of all parties, which were generally furnished me by editors gratuitously and without solicitation, but never voted at an election but twice in my life, neither made known my political views. Not one day has passed in. seventy years without an acknowledgement to the eternal Jehovah of my sins and the sins of others, attended by a prayer for pardon. I have enjoyed a thousand pleasures for one pain. I raised a family cf six sons and seven daughters to the best of my ability in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. One of my sons (Samuel, first born) I consecrated in early life to the work of the ministry, but he declined the calling of my choice when he came to choose a profession, assigning as a reason that it was a choice of a man and not of God. But he chose rather to learn and practice the art of healing the body instead of the soul. 1 have often mourned over the golden time I lost from school in my youth, which has caused me to labor under some disadvantages all my long life, for the liberal education which I might have obtained by proper encouragement and use of opportunity. My principal books for fifty years have been Starke’s Commentary, Spener’s Explanation of Luther’s Five Principles, my Catechism, Hymn Book and the Holy Bible. I am now a feeble old man, only able to preach once in a great while, and expect to die soon. If I have enemies I implore their forgiveness, and tender my fellow- creatures my unfeigned thanks for their long and continued friendship, and for the many favors and accommodations I have received from them in my travels and pursuits in this world. To God’s holy name be all the praise for all the good I have been the instrument of doing in all my long life in this world. May God, the Father forgive my sins and save my soul. May God, the Holy Ghost, save my soul and forgive my sins. May God, the Son, save my soul and forgive my sins. Amen.” It was the custom of the German pioneers to build a church at the earliest opportunity, whether they had a pastor or not. The building of a school house was not enough; they wanted a place of worship which they could call their church. The old Fayette County settlers built a church in 1773, fully eighteen years before they secured their first pastor. One of the original members of the Jacobs Church was asked before his death why 4A() HIS LORY Of, THEVPELSSBURGH Von ow they wanted a church building without a minister. His answer was that the people wanted a sacred place, where they could gather on the Lord’s Day, hear the school master read a sermon, and listen to Barbara Brandeburg sing. Of necessity, these primitive churches were very crude. ‘They were built of logs, with puncheon floors, having but one door. The roof was made of clapboards; the seats were of split logs with two stout legs at either end; the altar was a rude table; the pulpit was always of the high wine-glass pattern, and was sometimes placed to one side and sometimes against the wall above the altar. Fre- quently a gallery was constructed around three sides of the building, in imitation of the great churches of the Fatherland. The people took great pride “isthe, buiuldine otmtiese snr: churches, and selected the logs with such care that they were found valuable as heavy timber after forty years of service. Another noteworthy fact about these log churches is that they were all built in partnership with the Reformed. There was a strong bond of fellowship between these two denominations 1n the early days, and neither body attempted to build a church without the help of the other for nearly half a century after the first settlements were made. In some settlements one of the denominations might be too weak to give much assist- ance in the work of building, but both were given the same rights in the church. In one instance there were no Retormed people living in the immediate neighborhood of the new church, and members of other Reformed congregations were invited to come and represent the Reformed in the dedication. For a long time the two bodies worked together as one. Their people came from the same Fatherland, spoke the same language, observed the same. social customs, cherished the same hopes, braved the same dangers and endured the same hardships. Lutheran and Reformed pastors preached to the same people in the same church on alternate Sundays. One of the specifications in some of the Bonds of Union, which served as the law of the two congregations, required each pastor to baptize, catechize and confirm such children as might be presented to him, without regard to the church affiliations of their parents. In this way, children of Reformed families were sometimes baptized by the Lutheran pastor, and vice versa. The popularity of the pastor might have much to do with the size of his confirmation class. ''There is one instance recorded, in which a Reformed pastor catechized a number of children and called upon his colleague to confirm them in the Lutheran faith. This pastor catechized his wife and asked the Lutheran pastor to confirm her. Inter- marriage also contributed to the intermingling of the two bodies, so that some scarcely knew where they belonged. We cannot 14—Biography of Rev. Jacob Descombes, in Fathers of the Reformed Church. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 4] blame the fathers for this, for they were only following the natural promptings of their hearts. The oldest “Article of Agreement,” made between the two denominations in western Pennsylvania, belongs to the history of the Jacobs Church of Fayette County, and bears the date, July 31, 1773. It is now preserved in the archives of the Pittsburgh Synod. wiyesl As 3. The condition of this agreement concerning the Reformed con- gregation is that the Lutheran congregation shall have as much right to the church and the land as the Reformed congregation. If the con- gregation should become too strong, and should dispute arise, then both congregations must build another church after this same plan, and our Reformed congregation binds itself for fifty pounds, Pennsylvania current money: and no minister shall come into the churches to preach unless he has a good testimony that he is ordained by other ministers, which we acknowledge with our own hands. Signed, John Ertman, Jacob Reich, Casper Bohner. In the year 1790, this venerable congregation adopted a new agreement. which was signed by twenty-five representative men. It may be regarded as a typical document of the period, and is therefore given in full. We, the leading members of the Evangelical Lutheran and Re- formed congregations of Jacobs Church, German ‘Township, Fayette County, Penn., confess that, as God is a God of order, without which no church can exist and be carried on; we do cheerfully resolve to make the following rules and regulations as a bond of fellowship and love: The Lutherans and Reformed shall have the same right to hold services and to choose a pastor and will be expected to support the building and the services of the church. There shall be two deacons elected on each side to gather the alms and collections of the congregation, as well.as to render due and proper assistance to the pastor. There shall be four elders elected on each side, who shall constitute the church council. It shall be their duty, annually ,to hold settlement with the deacons before the congregation, and to adjust and settle all disputes and disorder in the congregation. It is further deemed necessary to elect two trustees, one from each side, whose duty shall be to receive and account for all moneys col- lected in the congregation. The elders and trustees shall be authorized to attend to all necessary work of building and repairs. It is further unanimously resolved, as all public scandal is a dis- grace to the church, and since Christ and his apostles have commanded that it shall not be allowed, therefore those who sin publicly must be publicly reproved. It is further agreed that no minister shall be allowed to preach in the church unless he comes properly accredited. The minister shall preach the Word, administer the Holy Sacraments, and teach the chil- dren and youth. He shall also be properly supported by the congregation.” 1797 ’ EDICATION RECORD OF BETHLEHEM CHURCH D HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 43 The fathers were strong. believers in these union churches, and tried their best to make articles of agreement binding upon their successors for all time, but very few remain. In some cases the stronger body soon absorbed the weaker, and a reorganization was affected in order to make the con- solidation legal. In other cases a friendly separation was effected, and two churches were erected side by side in close touch with the cemetery . In one notable instance the union held, and the Smithfield Street German Church of. Pittsburgh still retains the original unity as an Evangelical congregation. Yet this congregation was organized by the same pastor and on practically the same basis as the Reformed and Lutheran Church of Greensburg. The pioneers of our Church in western Pennsylvania were noted for their piety. During the long and trying years in which they were without a pastor, a few lapsed into infidelity, but the great majority retained their faith and held daily morning and evening prayers in their homes. They were busy people, but always had time plenty of time to pray. There were few log cabins without a “little red shelf’’, on which lay a copy of the sible and a catechism. Many of them also had a copy of John Arndt’s ‘““Wahres Christentum” and a German hymn book. Their piety was manifested in the early erection of their churches, in the religious training of their children, in the honor accorded their pastors, and in their reverent conduct in the House of God. The women usually wore plain kerchiefs or little white caps on their heads when they attended services; and if any of them happened to wear a woolen hat she would always lay it to one side before coming to the altar for the sacrament. Their singing was congregational and devotional. No matter how few their acceSsories of worship may have been, there was a deepespirt. of yreverence in all) their services: heir) first’ de- votional meetings were in the form of praise services, led by the schoolmaster or some other capable person. After a pastor was secured, they followed more closely the form of service to which they were accustomed in eastern Pennsylvania or the Fatherland. None of the early churches of this section was highly liturgical. The great majority of the people were origin- ally South Germans, with something of a natural antagonism toward a liturgical service. Their close affiliation with the Reformed was also a great factor in determining their liturgical practice. The consequence was that the liturgical development of the Lutheran Church in western Pennsylvania, which natur- ally followed her increase of strength, created a problem for the pastors of many of the congregations. ‘The religious life of the Germans was frequently misunderstood, and they were some- 44 HISTORY OF ‘THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD times called the “unconverted Dutch’, but, long after some otf their critics had lost their effervescent religion, these good people were still found magnifying the saving grace of the Lord Jesus, and serving him in true humility and holiness of life. When their first pastors entered the field, their response to the gospel was ‘pathetic... Fortyears they had} not heard thes vorcenomea minister of Christ, and the coming of Pastors Luetge, Steck, and Stauch seemed like a visitation from heaven. Father Stauch tells how the people would follow him in groups from settlement to settlement in order to hear the same sermon a second time. The people were so hungry for the gospel that they were willing to travel many miles and endure much in- convenience in order to hear it. There were no stoves in the first churches, and the congregation sometimes had a_ chilly experience. Many of them were opposed to the use of stoves in the church, since they argued that people should go to church to worship God and not to be “perfectly comfortable”. After they had yielded to the majority and accepted the “‘inno- vation”, they had no chimneys in their church, and suffered more from the smoke than from the cold. Doctor Russell of the Reformed Church has given us a quaint description of their experiences. 15“As the smoke had to be passed out somehow, they would perhaps run the end of a pipe through a broken window pane or some other opening. In one instance, they put the pipes out over the two doors. But as, after trial, this was found not to answer the purpose, one was then put through the wall on either side of the pulpit. This, it is true, gave some comfort to the minister; but, when the wind came from that quarter, it put him under a cloud, sometimes greatly to his discomfort. According as the wind blew, the house would be filled with smoke, not of incense, well nigh suffocating the pastor, and incensing the people to tears. Then the pipes were taken at the next trial through the roof, but this at one time set the house on fire, so at last the chimney was built, and relief was thus obtained.” These Germans were as conservative in their religious life as they were pious. Their zeal for the customs and traditions of their fathers was remarkable. This was shown in their strict adherence to the practice of catechetical instruction. If ever there was a time in the history of our Church when the discon- tinuance of this practice would have been justifiable, it was in the days of the pioneers. For thirteen or more years after the establishment of the first settlements, there were no Lutheran pastors to be found west of the mountains, and the school- masters were) cequired, to do* the catechizings i pomenotaiae settlers lived from fifteen to twenty miles away from the school, but distance was not allowed to interfere with duty. There were times when hostile savages lurked in the forest, but still 15—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 78. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 45 the children went to “Kinderlehre’. Little Conrad Keck walked all the way from Shannondale to Brush Creek in order to be taught by Pastor Steck. Before the introduction of church stoves, the catechumens were almost frozen at times. On one occasion the pastor told the older boys to make a great log fire in front of the church, to which the class could adjourn at times to keep warm. It was not easy to conduct successful work under these conditions, but loyal conservatism made it possible, and much of the best religious work of those days may be credited to the use of the catechism. ‘The most successful pastors of that day were skilled catchists, having the gift of teaching as well as preaching. Pastors John Michael Steck, Gabriel Adam Reichert, Michael Kuchler and Jonas Mechling were splendid catechists, and they were four of the most successful pastors of their Church. It is said of these men that they had Luther’s Cate- chism at their finger’s end, and that they would work for days on some particular point until they could see that it had wrought conviction in the hearts of the catechumens. ‘The result of such thorough instruction was a generation of Luth- erans, who were thoroughly grounded in the faith, and never wavered in their allegiance to the Church. The conservatism of the people was also manifested in their adherence to the German language. Theodore Roosevelt, in the Winning of the West, says that the Germans, who settled west of the moun- tains, were quickly Americanized. This may have been true of the German settlers of Kentucky and Tennessee, but it was not true of western Pennsylvania. Some of the German settle- ments of this section remained thoroughly German in both language and spirit for more than seventy-five years after their establishment. Very few farms changed harids, and a close community was maintained. Every attempt at change, especi- ally in religion, was stoutly resisted by the fathers. ‘The first attempt to introduce English preaching into the old Brush Creek Lutheran Church was not made until 1848, seventy-five years after its organization, and even then the effort met such oppo- sition that the English party was compelled to leave the con- gregation. The first English Lutheran sermon of western Penn- sylvania was. probably preached by the Rev. J. C. F. Heyer in 1817, when the citizens of Meadville persuaded him to preach in their court house. It was the good man’s first attempt, and he was by no means flattered by it. The first churches to lay aside their German were those of Indiana County, whose pas- toral care was relinquished by Rev. G. A. Reichert in 1826, solely for the reason that he could not handle both languages effectively. His successor, Rev. Nicholas G. Scharretts, organ- ized Hebron, Church of Blairsville in 1827, which was an Fnglish congregation from the beginning. The First English 46 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Lutheran Church of Pittsburgh was not organized until 1837, although there were Lutherans living there as early as 1783, and perhaps earlier. A pastor of the Protestant Episcopal Church, Rev. Cook, believing that a number of English Lu- theran congregations could be organized in the vicinity of Huntingdon, Pa., applied to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for work in 1815, but the answer of the Ministerium was: 16“Resolved, That as our Ministerium is a German-speaking Minis- terium, we cannot have anything to do with him according to our present principles; but as soon as he, according to the declaration of his letter, has acquired the German language, so that he can also preach in the same, he may apply to us again and expect preferment.” About the same time one of the western missionaries ex- pressed the conviction that it was impossible for the Evangelical Lutheran Church to “compete with the sects” in the English language. Such was the sentiment of both pastors and people. They clung to the German as though the very existence of the Church depended upon it. Rev. W. F. Ulery has this to say of the language trial in the old Harold’s Church: 17“As has been stated, this community was originally thoroughly German, and continued so for many years, and no doubt many of the old people thought that it would always continue to be so. The people were strongly attached to the German language and German church services, but in the course of time there came a change. The English language came with other changes, and it came to stay, for-it is the language of law and commerce, and must necessarily become the language of the people. There were not a few among these people, who reasoned like a certain German minister, whom we met and with whom we discussed the necessity of introducing English into our church services, but he demurred and said: ‘Yah, English fuer gescheft, aber Duetsch fuer Gottesdienst.’ English for business, but German for divine worship. Some of our older pastors hesitated a long time in deciding whether or not it was right to give up the German language in our church service. It took Dr. Hacke a good while to make up his mind, and the same is true of Rev. Mechling. The advocates of German had always counted on Rev. Hacke as their strong defense, for he was a cultured German, who loved the German language, its litera- ture as well as German services, but when he finally discovered that the introduction of English in the church services was a necessity, he rose above his prejudices and favored the introduction of English. When his old German friends heard of this, they were highly. offended and no little disgusted and said: ‘Yah, gook, der Hacke will auch ein Irisher werde’. The language question has always been a_ burning question in our Church, and the opposition of many of the fathers to the introduction of English into our church services has cost us many members and millions of dollars.” The Reformed pastors were generally more deliberate about the introduction of English into the services of the church than were the Lutheran, and were consequently the greater losers. 16—Documentary History of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, page 479. 17—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 76. HISTORY OF FHE PITTSBURGH, SYNOD 47 Some of the strong Lutheran congregations of Indiana, Arm- strong, Westmoreland, Beaver and Butler counties were built up largely of young people of the Reformed Church, whose pastors stood out against the English language. In other sec- tions the Lutherans lost to the Reformed by the reverse pro- cess. There was a group of four German churches in Indiana County, established by pastors of the Reformed Church, one of which had considerable strength, but all were sacrificed to the German language. In the year 1781 four of the German settlements in west- ern Pennsylvania petitioned the Minister1um of Pennsylvania for a Lutheran pastor. The statement in the synodical record says: “These congregations are situated toward Pittsburgh, Red- stone is the chief place. They own 300 acres of good land, but they need a man who is strong and can ride much, because they are scattered.” The Ministerium had no one to send, but answer- ed their communication kindly, and advised them to select a good man, who could teach their children, and read for them an occasional German sermon. ‘The prayers of the Westmore- land settlements were answered unexpectedly in the summer of the following year, when Anton Ulrich Luetge appeared in their midst, and was persuaded to serve as their minister. He was educated, at Elalie*tor the foreign field; -but later decided to come to America. He was not an ordained minister, not even possessing a catechist’s license, but had the gift of public speech and a fair knowledge of the scriptures, and consented to serve as their first pastor. It is said that he helped to support him- self by practicing medicine. After serving the congregation for some time, at the suggestion of the schoolmaster, the con- gregation voted that he should be ordained. ‘The service of ordination took place in the old log schoolhouse, and the ‘hands of the elders” laid upon his head were the hands of 3altzer Meyer, the pious schoolmaster. In 1785 he made the long and dangerous journey over the mountains to Philadelphia, where he appeared before the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, and asked to be received as a member of that body. The Ministerium, however, was afraid to trust his frontier ordination, and decided to have nothing to do with him. Three years later he journeyed to Reading, and once more appeared before the Munisterium, which declared his ordination invalid, and asked him to write a sermon outline on the text, “Repent ye and believe the gospel”. This outline was regarded satisfactory, and he was given a license to preach and baptize on the following conditions: “1. That he shall improve his knowledge of Greek. 2. Keep a diary of his official acts. 3. Present to the Ministerium testi- monials from the elders and deacons of the congregations in which he preaches.” The refusal of the Ministerium to recog- 48 HISTORY OF “THESPE TS BURGH soy NO nize the ordination of Pastor Luetge by Baltzer Meyer was because is was inexpedient, not because it was un-Lutheran. Irresponsible German preachers were springing up like mush- rooms on the frontier, and the recognition of Mr. Luetge’s or- dination by the schoolmaster might have opened the way for many similar ordinations, with disastrous results to the Church. It is a remarkable fact that the bad preachers of pioneer days were about as numerous as the good ones. Among them were some gifted orators, who could preach wonderful sermons, but were charged with all sorts of immoralities. It was said of the first Lutheran pastor of Crawford County that he could preach more good sermons and drink more bad whiskey than any other man on the frontier. Of another pioneer pastor of the same county it was said that his chief "accomplishment was that of a wife-beater. Of two others it was said: . “They scattered the people, and leaned secretly to the Methodists”. Another was a convert from Rome, who was accepted by the Reformed Church on probation, and in this way secured a foothold in some vacant Lutheran congregations. This man finally went over to the Episcopal Church, and almost succeeded in taking two German Lutheran congregations with him. Of a pioneer pastor of Armstrong County it was said that “he collected money for the building of a new church, put it in his pocket and ran away.” Of another man, who preached in the Leechburg district, -it was said that he ran around the country, holding singing schools, and lost the confidence of the people. Some of the most promis- ing churches of western Pennsylvania. were almost destroyed by such conduct on the part of their pastors. With such ex- amples before them, the leaders of the Ministerium were very slow to recognize private ordination under any circumstances. We cannot resist. the conviction, however, that the the Minis- terium might have done more for these churches of the frontier. The system of traveling preachers was not inaugurated until 1806, thirty-one years after the founding of the first settle- ments, and even then the churches of western Pennsylvania derived but little benefit from it. 1%The first home missionary money was invested by the Ministerium in this field in 1811, when Rev. Wilhelm Heinrich Scriba missionated in Crawford and Erie counties. Rev. Peter Rupert was paid $25.00 for four months’ service in northwestern Pennsylvania in the sum- mer of 1814,.and Pastor: Rupert collected $112.00 from the congregations in addition. The greater part of the pioneer work of the Lutheran Church in this part of the country was done by independent preachers, who were not members of any synod. The first man to hear and respond to the call-of the settlements was Anton Ulrich Luetge, who was not a member of the Minis- 18—Documentary History of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, page 428. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 49 terium at that time, but was rejected by that body in 1785, after three years of hard service on the frontier. For the first six years of his pastorate in western Pennsylvania, he was not a member of any synod. The second man to serve as a frontier pastor was Johannes Stauch, who was also a “free lance’. The claim that he was a pupil of Rev. Paul Henkel of New Market is not true; his autobiography indicates that he was a self-edu- cated man. He prepared himself for his wonderful missionary work in his little log cabin in the Virginia glades. From 1791 to 1/93 he preached without a license, after which he was re- ceived into the fellowship of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania as a catechist. In 1794 he was given a candidate’s license, and in 1804 was ordained. Pastor John Michael Steck, who suc- ceeded Pastor Luetge in the Westmoreland field, was not a member of any synod at the time of his first coming to Greens- burg. While it is true that he was a pupil of Doctor Helmuth of Philadelphia before removing to to Bedford County, there is no evidence that he was ever licensed by the Ministerium before crossing the mountains for his great life work. The records of Harold’s Church show that he became their pastor in 1791, holding his first communion service there in October of that year. His name does not appear upon the record of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania until 1796, when he received a candidate’s license from that body. ‘This would indicate that even this man of God was an independent preacher during the first four and a half years of his pastorate in Westmoreland. Rev. Johann Gottfried Lamprecht, who reorganized Zion Church of Indiana and the venerable Christ Church of the Rupp settle- ment, preached for two years in these churches, and was then denied admission to the Ministerium in 1815. An examination of the accompanying table of pioneer pastors will be helpful in determining the sources of ministerial supply in the early years. GRAVE STONES OF BETHLEHEM CEMETERY HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ‘Auay sol V sees Pier poudg euusd isa ‘OSURUD A ‘PlOFMeI) mito fo aoe ‘eq JO WNIIo}sIUIpy UE IOUNSO WM ECeIpuL ls os ee pouss ord JOACIT “SUOTSUT es eq JO WMIdlosIUlyy “IIIIIIN Sas ae iet ace adgceasboaasnspuwentiviedassieeas poudss a5 @) PASSO TAL he ea aoe eq JO WNIojsIUlyy ‘TIIIO I io) 8 ‘plojmelsy _ovubaaeacesetseeeeea= saan © ea jo UIMILIOJSTUT I (JID t0 FY SOSlela Nee eq jo wntitojsiuryy WOT IEl=)
    * Ny ¢ 7 is : } x. ee 7 ta j 7 : iP t-g* A , 4 ‘ , 7 Y 4 # i 7 ’ > } -, Al * , q i p ‘ ) = pet bp 9) é id oe , rd heh 4 oF. rida re are j he” i. as Lae au: SG oF if a : . 4 7 Bil \ 2 mate’ vite pa # * Vs T3 7” oom ¥ } + : WT retina hs ee, Pe Lc 7 a 1 a s % sO apreay a 9 Vid ’ ' 7 bs Lj 4 +)’ Tey “4 . 2 _ : LP) iy i beak < : ad ’ i f etre +s , #3, ‘ ‘ Ld : Se 4 . ‘ é r “Y > : 1 » i ; Lal he cot ary uy 0 9 Ais he ‘ } 47 4 4 t)> bh 1 . ; p! Aly Z 1 Re i > i i - ' = aay " e, = A . : f , ay. 4 ; T <) ia a if ‘ “ey L r] 4 ” ’ , 5 ‘ : * , - . a , f ‘ \ 4 r a ’ ‘ y ‘ i on ‘ ‘ t ~ 4 # ‘ P “y { ‘ f j t ‘i " 4 . é , r i _ ] 7g ; a . ~~ ‘ive } an ] ¥ th ¢ a ‘ ‘ ‘ ae mT U $5 4 s ‘ ‘ » " ‘ _ ' . hod , t uf ; fp .- i ) ‘. miei ‘- " ie 4 r i be Me) ae ay iy " j Pe rt ¢ i, s Py AeA A Y a i ¥ is y ; he 4. 44 ie : y) mae sy” pes yy i* ‘ ss » ig rf eat , oa } CaN a a f epi a. ne ber SS a Se hie a Py 4 . if mA a ' si Ni 74 a of aah ares EE shee my; . CHAPTER II THE ORGANIZATION 1845 “Other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which 1s Jesus Christ.” ZQ)OR many years before the Pittsburgh Synod was organized, the need of such an organization was keenly felt. ‘The pastors felt their need of it, that they might enjoy a closer fellowship with each other, and carry on their missionary work more ef- fectively ; the people felt their need of it, that they might be supplied more readily with suitable pastors. It was this need that led seven Lutheran pastors of Ohio and western Pennsylvania to hold a special conference in Mount Zion Church of Baidland, Pa., October 17, 1812. When this conference was reported to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1813, that body expressed its gratification that their brethren on the frontier were “so active in the spread of the kingdom of God”, but when this conference of 1812 was followed by others in 1813 and 1814, and members of the conference began to ask for themselves privileges which had been regarded as_ special privileges of the synod, the leaders of the Ministerium began to show decided disapproval. In 1816 the conference requested permission of the ‘““Mother Synod” to organize themselves into a separate ministerium, but their request was not granted. It was not the policy of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania at that time to encourage the formation of new synods, and the Ewvan- gelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio and Adjacent States was or- ganized under protest in 1818. The Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania also protested against the organization of the West Penn- sylvania Synod in 1825, and the West Pennsylvania Synod in turn protested against the organization of the Alleghany Synod in 1842. And there was more or less protest against the organiza- tion of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1845, especially on the part of the Ohio Synod. ‘These facts do not all appear upon the synodical record, but they are none the less true. In 1831 a special conference of the Lutheran pastors of western Pennsylvania was held in Greensburg, Pa., to discuss the advisability of organizing a new synod on the territory now occupied by the Pittsburgh and Alleghany Synods. ‘This con- ference was attended by the following pastors: i = HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Rev, Jacob) Krigler,< Berlin i amen at eer ee West Penna. Synod Rev. Gabriel A. Reichert; Kittanning, Pa... 2. West Penna. Synod Rev. J. C.F) Heyer; Somersttana-eee te eee West Penna. Synod Rev. Nicholas G* Scharretts@indiunawba. seer West Penna. Synod Rev. John Brown, Washington County, Pa......... West Penna. Synod r. Henry David Keyl; Clarion) County, | Pac: West Penna. Synod Rey. t Daniel (Heiligy Erie Shane ees ee eee West Penna. Synod Rev JoGnCe SchweizerbartheZelienoplemt ante ee Ohio Synod Rev)’ Michael] Steck Greensbute. yba eee ee es Ohio Synod 0: Rev. Jonas Mechling, WestmorelandsCounty, sbase. en Ohio Synod ENO COT Out Oo IS re a a The opinion of these ten men was that the formation of a new synod was highly desirable, and a resolution to this effect was adopted. Pastor Schweizerbarth was delegated to lay the resolution before the Ohio Synod at its next meeting, and this was done. The petition was not approved by the Ohio pas- tors, but a reorganization of their synod into district synods was effected, in which the district synods were privileged to have their own treasuries, with the liberty of spending one-half of their benevolent funds in jocal missionary work, and the right to license catechists and candidates, while the general body retained the right to ordain. 20" he following year the dividing line between the districts, which were called the Eastern and the Western, was to start at Cleveland, follow the canal to New Philadelphia, and from thence in a straight line to Marietta. And thus the Ohio Synod became a Joint Synod of districts, which it has continued to be to the present time.” This reorganization plan satisfied the Pennsylvania pastors of the Ohio Synod for the time, and the first attempt to organize a Pittsburgh Synod failed. When the second effort was made in 1845, it was under less hopeful conditions. The organization of the Alleghany Synod in 1842 had taken up the eastern half of the proposed territory of 1831, and the Eastern District of the Joint Synod of Ohio was now opposed to it. This opposition was due partly to the fact that the men of the Ohio Synod regarded the proposed organiza- tion as an intrusion upon their territory, and partly to doctrinal reasons. Four of the pastors most deeply interested in the for- mation of the new synod, W. A. Passavant, Gottlieb Bassler, George F. Ehrenfeld, and Samuel D. Witt, were educated at Gettysburg, and the Ohio Synod had already begun to show decided aversion toward Gettysburg theology. In a ser- mon preached to the Eastern District Synod of Ohio in 1843, Bishop Schweizerbarth made the following statement: 21°Those who come from Gettysburg are with few exceptions anti- Lutheran. They neither believe the entire catechism nor the entire 20—History of the Joint Synod of Ohio, C. V. Sheatsley, p. 90. 21i—Geschichte Der Allgemeinen Ev. JTuth. Synode von Ohio, Schmidt and Peters, p. 87. Pad ate vere ttle bd | eo atria key CLD, = 67 Augsburg Confession. Can those who tear down the foundations of the Church build up the same? In short, the ministry for the Church, un- der the assistance of Almighty God, must come from Columbus.” The pastors of the Ohio Synod were especially afraid of the new measure spirit of Rev. W. A. Passavant, already shown in his Baltimore pastorate, for they believed that his personality would dominate the life of the new synod. It was a type of religion with which they had no sympathy whatever. That this feeling was general is shown in a letter of Pastor Michael J. Steck to the Pittsburgh pastor just after he had made up his mind to unite with this new organization. 22“VYours of the 4th inst. came duly to hand. I should have writ- ten sooner, but I could hardly come to the conclusion what to do in the organization of a synod in the western part of this state. But, inas- much as you desire it, I will frankly state my opinion on the subject. J have thought and prayed since your visit to me, and especially since your letter of the fourth, most sincerely that God might direct me to that which would be most conducive to the welfare of the Lutheran Church, and especially to the western part of this state; and I cannot help telling you that I am firmly of the opinion that we could labor to far greater advantage, and do far more good to this section of the country in preaching Christ and Him crucified to the world, if we had a synod of our own. One thing I know, that I have no more satis- faction at our synodical meetings. Until about eight or ten years ago, I rejoiced when the time drew near when I should meet my brethren in the synod, but now it has become a burden to me, in our eastern district especially, and what prospects can we have for the better if such men as B. are put*at the helm? Yet it is very painful.for'me to separate from the western brethren, whom I love as the apple of my eye, with whom I have been united in the same synod for nearly thirty years. Dr. Mechling thinks and feels as I do.. I had a long conversation with him on this subject, and I think that he will go in for it if I do. Yet I am free to confess that I cannot unite with the brethren in a synod where new measures are carried to that extent to which they are carried in some places. If I do unite with you, and such things should take place, I would be under the disagreeable necessity of withdrawing from the synod. What shall be the result in the event of our uniting in a synod? Shall we have to join the General Synod? Will this synod be bound to support the Gettysburg Seminary? or will each brother be allowed to support such a seminary as he thinks proper? To the first my objections are not very strong, but if I should be com- pelled to support the eastern seminary, when I would feel it my duty to support that of Columbus,. this would be hard. I do not know whether I could.” The appeal of the waste places of Zion made such a strong appeal to all Lutheran pastors in western Pennsylvania that it was confidently expected that many of the Ohio Synod men would follow the lead of Pastor M. J. Steck and unite with the new synod. In this Rev. W. A. Passavant was greatly disappointed. Some of these pastors attended several con- ventions of the new synod, but were unwilling to become mem- 22—Life and Letters of Passavant, G. H. Gerberding, pp. 122-123. HOANASLLId “HOUYNHD NVAAHLNT HSITONGA LSYlsa NOILYZINVOYO AHL AQ HOYNHD HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 69 bers. One of the more friendly pastors was Rev. Jacob Zimmer- man of Leechburg. He made a verbal agreement with Pastor M. J. Steck that he would unite with the synod later, provided it was not controlled by new measure men. The movement for this organization began shortly after Rev. Passavant accepted a call to Pittsburgh. While he was the youngest pastor on the territory, his influence over other pastors was already pronounced. A preliminary meeting was held in Butler, Pa., August 27-28, 1844, in the humble log dwelling in which Pastor Gottlieb Bassler had an attic room, and was attended by Pastors W. A. Passavant, Gottlieb Bassler, Gott- lieb Kranz, John Esensee and Elihu Rathbun. Fifteen years later Pastor Bassler spoke of it as the meeting of “a few breth- ren who wept and prayed over the desolation of our Zion.” All these pastors expressed the conviction that the organization of a new synod was imperative, but neither Gottlieb Kranz nor John Esensee ever united with it. When the Butler meeting adjourned, it adjourned to meet at the call of its officers, and the called meeting was held in Pittsburgh in January of the following year. Notice of the meeting, together with a state- ment of its object, was sent to all the pastors and churches of the western counties of Pennsylvania; but, when the brethren as- sembled in the First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Pittsburgh, Tuesday evening, January 14, 1845, only eight of the twenty-nine pastors of the territory were present. Ac- companying them were six laymen, as eager as their pastors for the organization of a new synod. ‘The next morning the following men were enrolled: 1. Bishop M. J. Steck, Greensburg, Pa.......Eastern Dist. Synod of Ohio Pam DISHOpe VW iV wk assavantt itisburgh, Pao. fu. 2 Maryland Synod 3. Bishop Gottlieb Bassler, Zelienople, Pa...................... West Penna. Synod 4 Bishop G. Be Ehrenfeld, Clarion; County... bead Alleghany Synod 5. Bishop Samuel-D. Witt, Shippenville, Pa. ww. Alleghany Synod 6. Bishop Abraham Weills, Ginger Hill, Pa.......... English Synod of Ohio Pemosnepr avin warharts weechburchy Pata. vi ltesa East Ohio Synod 8. Bishop: Elihu. Rathbun, Mercer Co., Pa.......... English Synod of Ohio Vetiiie JacO0 oe DteCK Orc CONSDUTE, Fade cicctintaeonde. Greensburg Parish 10. apiret lames? Grist, Wlercer;’ Past. kek Mercer County Parish LiveoMrsekwedericky,Carstens\Hillsboro, Pag.2.2.)2 Bethlehem Parish 12a) Me George: Weyman, Pittsburgh,) Pasko Pittsburgh Parish Peer wl assavanit,» ZCUCHODIC, ed dseaht ial Butler County Parish Peete PISeDIT HOOP mE TeCCDOIbay baat ne ered. Freeport Parish The following congregations were represented in the or- ganization meeting, either by their pastors or delegates: Greensburg, First Church. 5. Marroids,’Zion Church: Brush Creek, Salem Church. 6)" Seanors, ot. Paul’s Church. Bell Township, St. James Ch. 7. Denmark Manor Church. Baron Run, Hope Church. 8. Pittsburgh, First Church. netted ae 70 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 9. Keel Ridge, Amity Church. 18. Hannastown, St. Luke’s Ch. 10. N. Washington, Mt. Varnum 19. Freeport, St. John’s Church. Church. 20. Zelienople, English Church ll; Butler County, Mee isean 21. Butler, First Church. Church. 22. Center Twp., Rider Church. 12. Washington Co., Bethlehem Ch. 23. Prospect, Emmanuel Church. 13. Ginger Hill, Mt. Zion Church. 24. Middle Lancaster, Zion Ch. 14. Fayette Co., St. Jacob’s Church. 25. Shippenville, Mt. Zion Ch. 15. Leechburg, Hebron Church. 26. FEryburg, St. John’s Church. 16. Forks, Zion Church. 27. Beaver, Emmanuel Church. 17. Buffalo Township, St. Mat- 28. Churchville St: Johnise Che thew’s Church. The morning session of January 15 was spent in discussing the needs of the territory, and a special committee was appoint- ed, consisting of Rev. Michael J. Steck, Rev. W. A. Passavant. Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, Frederick Carstens and James Griffin, to prepare and submit a plan of union to the convention. This report, unanimously adopted by a yea and nay vote at the afternoon session of January 15, was as follows: “We, the undersigned ministers and delegates of the Evangelical Lutheran churches in the western counties of Pennsylvania, being painfully sensible of the great destitution of the preached word and the ordinances of the gospel in our midst, and fully persuaded of the neces- sity of uniting our efforts for their supply, hereby form ourselves into a synodical body, with the express understanding that each minister and church, or churches, shall be at perfect liberty to support such literary, theological or benevolent institutions, without the limits of our Synod, as may best accord with their own views of duty; and also, that as a synod- ical body we recognize no such distinctions among us, as those commonly known by the terms of old and new measures, the Synod to be known Be Be name of ‘The Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran hares After the adoption of this plan of union and the consti- tution printed in the Hymn Book of the General Synod, the following officers were elected: Rev: ‘Michael a}. }Steck) Greensbure eh ale. tee ee President Rev... William 7A; Passavant=: Pittsbureh, @ Pale eee Secretary Mr,. George. Weymane Pittsbutohivs alone eee Treasurer Three young men were examined and licensed before, the synod adjourned: Michael Schweigert, Hermann Eggers, and Henry Esensee. ‘The Ohio Synod pastors were conspicuous by their absence. Pastor Gottfried Jensen of Pittsburgh was present at one of the sessions, but declined to unite with the new synod. Pastors John D. Nunnemacher and John Esensee sent letters of greeting, but never united with the organization. Pastor Jacob Zimmerman also attended some of the later con- ventions, but never became a member. One of the quaint features of the minutes of the first con- ventions was the use of the term Bishop, as applied to their HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 7] pastors. During the first six years of her history, every pastor of the Pittsburgh Synod was called Bishop. Even the conserv- ative Ohio Synod made use of the same title, and Pastor Schweizerbarth, one of her most influential men, was called ‘Bishop Schweizerbarth” to the day of his death. A_ reso- lution of Pastor John McCron, adopted by the Alleghany Synod in 1842, will explain the sentiment that led to this practice. “Whereas, the term Bishop, in application to the ministers of the gospel, is more scriptural than Reverend, more characteristic of the office, and may also, if introduced into general use, spread among the people more correct views of it’s true import, as well as of the favorite views of our Church in reference to the parity of the ministry, there- fore, Resolved, That we regard it as perfectly correct and proper to sub- stitute the word Bishop for Reverend in addressing the ministry of this Synod.” Many of the pioneer pastors of eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania were well worthy of the title, for their immense parishes were true bishoprics. Pastor Johannes Stauch at one time served fourteen regular churches, in addition to at least a score of preaching stations. Many thousands of miles were travelled in the discharge of duty. Pastor Wilhelm George Forster, who was sent into Ohio by the Ministerium of Penn- sylvania in 1805, had an immense parish, but resented every at- tempt of his ministerial brethren to divide it. When he made complaint against Pastor Liest for ministerial interferences in 1813, the synod asked him to define the boundaries of his parish, and his reply was: “Die ganze nordwestlichegegend ist mein missionsgebiet, und kein anderer soll mir darin ein griffe machen.” His brethren thought otherwise, however, and_ his bishopric was divided. Pastor John M. Steck was often called “The Bishop* of Westmoreland”, and Pastor J: C. F. Heyer assumed the title “Episcopos Regionarius”’. Even as late as 1845, a number of Lutheran pastors were serving six or eight congregations, so that the title was by no means ill-bestowed. The eight founders of the Pittsburgh Synod exerted an influence in this territory far greater than their number would indicate. While they reported but 28 of the 106 churches which they aimed to serve and unite, they knew there were many more, which would eventually look to them for the means of grace. They be- lieved they were called of God to do a great work, and issued the following appeal to the churches and pastors of western Pennsylvania soon after the adjournment of the first convention. “To the ministers and members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church: Dear Brethren in Christ Jesus: With the minutes of the convention held in Pittsburgh, you will receive the proceedings of the first and second sessions of the Pitts- burgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. At that meeting it fps HISTORY OF THE PITISBURGH SYNOD was made the duty of the undersigned committee to prepare a brief statement of the causes which led to its formation. This was done from a proper respect to the opinions of our brethren in other parts, who may not be acquainted with the spiritual condition of the western counties of Pennsylvania, and to prevent, if possible, the imputation of any improper motives to the ministers and churches by whom its organ- ization was effected. The religious condition of the western sections of Pennsylvania, so far at least as it relates to the Lutheran Church, was very peculiar. It is a fact not generally known, that while the number of churches and members in this part of the state was quite numerous, it was neither claimed as the territory of any one synod, or provided for as such by any of the ecclesiastical organizations of the Lutheran Church. This was not the result of design or an unwilling- ness on the part of existing synods to occupy the field, but of the pecu- liar relation which several synods bore to this section of the state. Until the year 1841, the Synod of West Pennsylvania extended its ter- ritorial limits to the Ohio state line; but as its operations were con- fined almost exclusively to the eastern counties west of the Susque- hanna, the German Synod of Ohio, which was formed about the year 1818, gradually extended its labors into most of the western counties of this State. In addition to these two synods represented on this ter- ritory, two others were added by the formation of the English District Synod of Ohio and the English Synod of Ohio in connection with the General Synod, both of which had several ministers located in western Pennsylvania. Neither did the formation of the Alleghany Synod, which made the fifth, unite the ministers and churches in the western coun- ties of the state into one association; for while this was the case in a very pressing degree in the eastern portion of its territory, after the lapse of several years from it’s organization, only three of its ministers were located, in the spring of 1845, in the counties of Greene, Fayette, Westmoreland, Beaver, Butler, Mercer, Allegheny. Washington, Arm- strong, Clarion, Crawford, Venango, Warren and Erie, which are com- monly known as the western counties of the state. Owing to this state of things, in connection with the fact that this large and populous territory was not at the center but at the remote limits of the respective fields of the operations of each of these synods, the Lutheran Church has received an injury in this part of the state, which will require ‘many years of indefatigable labor to repair. Nay, the injury it has received from the ministry of wicked men, who have imposed them- selves upon a people hungering for the bread of life and suspecting no evil, can never be effectually healed: In many places the disgraceful lives of these self-styled and self-created ministers have made the name of Lutheran a by-word and a hissing. All this may and must be attrib- uted to the want of a proper organization on the ground, which might have saved our churches from ruin and our name from disgrace. It is painful to speak of the desolations of our Zion, and most humbling is the exposure of these details to the eyes of others, but the truth must be spoken though it covers us with shame and lay us in the dust. Within a circle of thirty miles from Pittsburgh, no less than nine or ten Luth- eran churches have been either entirely scattered, or have fallen into the hands of other denominations. ‘This, let it be remembered, was not of choice on the part of these churches, but of stern necessity. After petitioning the different synods from year to year for some one to break unto them the bread of life, and finding all their efforts in vain, they gradually attached themselves to other communions, or went over ina body to some other church. The peculiar location of most of these churches, in the midst of an English community, rendered preaching in the English language almost necessary to their existence as separate churches. And as most of the ministers of the neighboring synods HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 73 officiated in the German language only, the necessary assistance could not be afforded. We allude not to this distressing state of things in a spirit of censure. Let those find fault and vent their censures, who know not the innumerable and peculiar difficulties under which our beloved Zion has labored since her first organization in the land until lately, without colleges and seminaries, and under the necessity of providing her members with a ministry who could officiate in both languages. We look upon this state of things as the natural result of the trying circumstances under which our synods have hitherto labored, and regard the suffering condition of many of our churches in this sec- tion of the state as one of the necessary consequences, resulting from the want of one efficient organization on the ground. Indeed so mani- fest was the necessity of an organization, which would make this sec- tion of the state at once the center and sphere of its labors, that the different pastors and churches, who were represented in the convention, had but one opinion on the subject. While various difficulties were stated in the accomplishment of so desirable an end, and fears were entertained concerning its practicability, there was a perfect oneness of opinion on the desirableness of such an organization. Nay, so fully were the members of the convention impressed with the necessity of an organization on this territory, that all minor difficulties were lost sight of, and the pastors and churches, which had hitherto been con- nected with no less than seven different synods, united in the most delightful harmony to organize a new one. Having thus stated the causes which led to an organization as a synod, we might mention some of the important results which we hope, by the blessing of God upon a course of persevering effort, finally to accomplish. These are: © 1. To unite the hitherto separate congregations of our Church in western Pennsylvania in one synod. 2. To provide for these churches a ministry of holy and able men, and secure for our people, in case of vacancy, stated supplies, and as soon as possible permanent and devoted pastors. 3. To build up and reorganize, as far as yet can be done, those congregations of our people, which have been scattered or suffered to run down in past years. 4. To carry the gospel of the blessed God and the ordinances of religion to the scattered members and destitute settlements of our Zion within the bounds of this synod. A commencement has already been made in this good work, and an exploring missionary is now laboring in this field with much success. Other assistants will be appointed soon. 5. Finally, we desire and pray that this union of individuals and congregational efforts will aid us ere long to send the gospel of salva- tion to other destitute places in our own and other lands, thus enabling us the better to fulfill the Saviour’s commission to preach his gospel to the ends of the earth.” The churches to which the appeal was sent, excepting those which had become extinct prior to 1845, were the following, which are arranged in the order of their organization : 74 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD PIONEER LUTHERAN CHURCHES OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA JANUARY 15, 1845 No. Date of Org. Name of Church Local Names Pastor In 1845 Synod in 1919 7/7 2et Hempfield Twp., Zion.......... Fat Old compen eee Ma eSteck = ee Gen. Synod PAN WHER Brushy -‘Creek#eSalemaee ees tee ses ae eee Me ATaRSteckeees sees Gen. Council S773" 179079 | German lwp) acoomes es @ A eSiupplied gem eee Gen. Council 4|1782**+ RleasaritenWtl Gyano temely atlas Ridge | ‘or " Frey’s S.. Elona sme ech lin games Gen. Council 5/1784**+ Gréénsburg le Firs tee eee eet eee ar eee IMSS OJ dy SCC Rarer seaee ste Gen. Council 6) 17848711793" USts onrigs eee oe Kintig’s, Middle ....... Jonas Mechling ........ Gen. Council 7|1788**t Indian Head, Good “Hope-2| Back¥ Creek 22> Jonas Mechling ......... Gen. Council 8 1791*7|Ten Mile, Bethlehem... Duatchs Glonyae Abraham Weills —.... Gen. Council 9|1791** UpperseenwMilew hrinttyeestell oir: oie eee eee SuUpplied@ne a= ae Extinct 10] 1792" Doneval Mirae /1onmeeenes Woyepe INKS ARO Le Jonas Mechling 2 2- Gen. Council HL 93"" Alvetton, Zions oes seaeee Schwabisie tx pemsacns. Jonas Mechling .......... Gen. Council 12|1793**+ Pieonier Ot alesse Brand tesmepoee eee Jonas Mechling —_= Gen. Council 13|1796**+ Sinitatonh eel opem==—==eaa Hoffman’s, Baron Run| Jonas Mechling ......... Gen. Council 14]1796**+ Bast Salen Sea oe eee orks et Voie. Suppliedsarsseat ae Extinct 15|1796**+ Baidlands=s Mt. Zionwe == Stecherm si eee! Abraham Weills. ........ Ohio Synod 16|1796**+/1814* |Alleghany Twp., Salem...... Klingensmilth’s ww. Jacob Zimmerman ....| Extinct A711 79687711820" VSardis:— Christ se 4 oe Han he yaswer eee tee Jacob Zimmerman ....| Gen. Synod 18|1798**+/1813* |Kittanning Twp., Christ...|Rupp’s, Williams ..... JomlieeBernierinim ss Gen. Synod 1911798***/1811* 4Washington, First s2eeee Weulétis sy to eo Abraham Weills ........ Gen. Council RO yk Ass ibavelianng), Akoya oo RGiLS Wy pas eee see es Henry Bishop” 222 Gen. Synod 21|1800**+ Broughton, NorthicZion. = Wester salen = Supplied= a7. ge. = ees Gen. Synod 22}1800** + | Washington. Cojs Bethel) Pigeonm® Creek. Abraham Weills ........ Extinct 23/1800**+ Young stowiseuStes | aimeso- a pee eee eee eee Jonas} Mechling Fase Gen. Council 24|1800**+/1806* |Brick Church, St. Mich’l’s|Shaeffer’s, Helfrich...... Ja HH. eBernhein 22 Gen. Council 2511800**+ (Buffalo “Twp. St. Matt eh eisem any cee David -Varhart =. Gen. Council 26/1803" 7/1816" IM eadville,v cl rinity 1 een eee ete eee eee eee J. D. Nunnemacher.....| Gen. Council 27/1803" * F186" | Venaneo, 97 ion os ee Kileclenervall uae J. D. Nunnemacher..... Gen. Synod 28|1805"*- 11828" Mercer? Co... Goods topes) COalasr 11] ee eee aes EAC. sBecker Saeae Gen. Council 2911806" *7|1821* |Stone: Church, St.. John’s.) buechiesyy- J; Schweizerbarths= Gen. Council 30|1806**+ Bell Township, St. James] Jacke’s, Yockey’s ...... Mal eo LeCh= aaa Gen. Council 31]1808** Erie’ Sts] ohn?ise et a eta) | Sa ee ee eee ee Michael Kuchler ........ Gen. Council 32 1808* | Boquet,) Ste.)) olin sae Denmark Manor............ Mie] mipotee Kae =e Gen. Council S31 S1O** 181655 Conneaut. Laker sees eee Bain’ Sites 2 EE | a Re Unk an Extinct 34|1812**+| Seanois,e ote Paul cae ee Zener Sy a eee Mi) peotecin ass Gen. Council 3511812**F 11814" |Churchyille. Stiesfohn sue Dickin cesta Guha Ee brenteld=saen Gen. Synod 36 1813* | Béaver iT wont St, -Paulis | Bestia, mt Cncese cn CoG. actuebgen ee. Gen. Council $711313** 11821" |Butler, “Sty, Mark*sse seal 2 eee J. Schweizerbarth ...... Ohio Synod 38/1816**+|1828" |Saegertown, “12)-Apostleszaibetttens( tes eee J. D. Nunnemacher...... Gen. Council 39|1818**+ Mercer County. Zion ........ Wolis Creek (aa Gottheb Kyanzea Gen. Council 40|1820**+|1842* |Gilpin ‘Township, Zion........ Horkswe.s. eee eer lOeavel iDeueloenes 205. Gen. Council 41 1820* |Shannondale, Zio ee YY Can yee eee ee Jae Ge Olin one eee Gen. Council 42 1820* |Export, Emmanuel —... Bui se Se Sees Jacob Zimmerman ..| Gen. Council 43 1821* Zelienoples Ste bail. |e aes Sana IBS fe J. Schweizerbarth ~....| Ohio Synod 44 11822* |Plum Creek, St. John’s... Mahonin ore seers Henry (Bishop 2s2e4 Gen. Synod 45 1822* | Brush Valley, EvecL ute Ley) S yee eee Heury e Bishon ge. =. Gen. Synod 46 11822", |Germany vl wp. Zone cee er ree ree eee Augustus Babb ............ Gen. Synod 47 1822* |Mercer County, Amity........ Keel Ridzey, ne laa php tiie eee Extinct 48 1823* |South Bend, St. Jacobs...... Frantz) Whiter 2eos Tacob Zimmerman ....| Gen. Synod 49 1823" |Shippenville.@)MtiyeZ lot eee) ere ee ee 9.7 DW Et ge ee Gen. Synod 50 1824* |Limestone, St. Mark’s........ Fair’s. Bethlehem. ...... Cattle) “Kianz ses Gen. Synod oll 11824*}|Kittanning, Trinity —......... Absorbed) Sto) Jolin’ s|5Vacanty (2-2. Gen. Council 52|1824** |Princeton, Jerusalem .......... Herbstsme See John i senseeme Cen. Council 53 1827" Blairevillesie Hebron sees: ee | eee eee eres eee Augustus Babb ......:.. Gen. Synod 5411828**+ Gastown Ghristue asses Stu homac ane Jacob Zimmerman ....| Gen. Synod 55|1828**+ Pulaski, St! (Dantel’s 2) ae eee Theodore Hengist ..... Extinct 56|1828**+11846* |Mercer. Ev. Luth. ............. UG SCE cee ae Te) VE Vacanti at a Extinct 57|1829**+ Springfield Twp., Emman’]! Huber’s, Balm _.W. (yorvieb” Kranz sce Ohio Synod 58|1829**+|1846* |Kellersburg. Salem ............. Keller .2285- ea ae eG ay Ounecr Les, Gen. Synod 59 11629" 1 Frybure, ote lonn ss ees State, sRoids ees ae SAD Witte aes wee Gen. Synod 60]1830**+]1835* |Lamartine, Salem _............. ernie tonacme ees Je GS Donmeyver ass Gen. Synod 61 1830* |West Newton. Christ............ Robbstown a. 22 Tonas Mechling. .......... Gen. Council 62 1830* |Mosiertown. Christ ............ IRGIGhGl Spies teers J. D. Nunnemacher.... | Gen. Council 63]1831**+ Ringoold St. James eit +| Haas ee ee eee TeTGS ey oungl ee: eer Cen, Council 64) 1832* | Cranberry 3 Lwpee ot. LonnpOtto s;. Dantelicw a 2s ee ee ee Ohio Svnod 65 11883* | Fairview, vote haul so ieee cece aera ee Gottlieb) Kranz 2225: Absorbed 66 1833") |Stronestowasle es tme ea tlle cree tite0) Oil nee eee ene Henry Bishop: .1.....<:: Gen. Svnod G/IL8332 184 le reeportemes tim a) Oli ys ae meee eee ee eee eee Gas Ba lolinece ae Gen. Council 68 1833* |Wayne Two., Jerusalem....|Kammerdiener’s ........ Vacant: i et eee Gen. Council GI1SS32 loos weasan tam Wt ore eee Patterson’ si pesd Sas |e ee ee Gen. Synod /Ul8s52. Thesis Obie bethiehenim as eee 5 crlch'2'115 a ee ee E> Ge WlOtin ooeeee Gen. Council PAN ieskelerony Ain SteOnicnn © Guam) nit t yee Siteare Crec aa aaaeens Gottheb "Kranz 222. Extinct 72|1835**+ Mercere Conia. vee ite ZIG Clenc) See ee eee Vacant wee eee Extinct 73|1836**+ Bridvewateness #0 eee Beaver tc: 6 bhie Me gee) So fat hee eee eee Absorbed HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD PIONEER LUTHERAN CHURCHES OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA JANUARY 15, 1845 Date of Org. Name of Church Local Names Pastor in 1845 Synod in 1919 Po: UM ireek, Streeter’ ok... WS 0, cae 2 Michael Kuchler......:_... Gen. Council 1837* |Pittsburgh, First English.|Grant Street.2.222. 2 W. An Passavant..=: Gen. Council OE MAY CR SAV igied cingd bog f V0 a ae ie eel eet EP SMReSIir Ga lede eee ae 6 Gottfried Jensen............ Missouri 1837* |Wurtemberg, Bethlehem ~..| Liebendorffer’s_.... John Esensee.................. Absorbed 1837**7/1843* |Butler County, Ev. Luth.| Rider’ Ss, / Boyer’ si. 2 Gottlieb Bassler............. Gen. Synod 1837* |Winfield Twp., St. Matt..../Little Germany... Henry FEsensee............. Gen. Counci 1837* |Mercer Co., St. John’s... fn Bs ian ge ESR A ae Hite Ge Beckeny rats Gen. Council 1867". |Llatinastown, § ot.n luke S_2) Cooper ge a John Esensee................... Missouri 1837* |Saxonburg, wie rahe ee &. Baelishits.s8 se Me thre David jharharte.. 2-28 Gen. Council 1838**+ Jefferson Co., John’s....|Hoch’s, Sprankle’s....... ihe (Ge; WNlefaxe rape eee ee .| Absorbed 1838* |Rose Peer St Kahne pn A yd ee liao Ge OUNCE Se sae 2 | Gen. Synod 1Sa4” fot. ot eteraburg, ot. Peter sjAshbaugh’s.2......., C. G. Stuebgen..._....... Gen. Council 1839**+|1851* |Armstrong Co., Springs ...)Boiling Springs... Jacob Zimmerman....... Gen. Synod 1840* |Armstrong Co., Emmanue!} Hileman’ s......000.02.. ‘ales Betnk eim= =) Gen. Synod edie encanto. stone all sts Ro tiad Vo. se eee re Jc. Gy Donmevyer.i Absorbed (rong) HTRIE Te Bad O25) fu ofA: perme Aa RD) Sona RCE ie Coen, Janel. © Dernnein cok Absorbed 1842* |Middle Lancaster, Zion...... Germans ee See John Esensee............-.----. Ohio Synod 1842* |Middle Lancaster, Zion...... rated ENS) (te ae aed Care ee Gottlieb Bassler........... Gen. Council [S42 Knox Emmanuel, 2252 lo Beaver. Cit ye ees ‘Wala tit set sameeren oc Gen. Synod oqo Re eCeChbDUro eh COLOMM antec. (ook. oe ee oe Davidebarhart. 124 c- Gen. Synod 11842* |Fast Green, St. Paul’s.._ TCHS eee eee ee a Michael Kuchlet............. Evangelical liseceMercer. Count yy IDOMAETON wes 11S Clickee eet eee ne ee eas Absorbed Miao Ee rOspeets eeEnrTMati Gl oe xcwe| eo ete Gottlieb Bassler... Gen. Council CRACKS DUT SoMa leiie seein ns| oe pe Ook es ee ee Henry?) bishOpeaie.. Gen. Synod PROCHMIV\CAGMEID we Mrs Laeeenet Mo uel iers Se Nye oe ee Be brim bachemae = Gen. Council ISENGS A BRC Rel ocak BRS Gee Saat aS MURS Il Sne AS Pole Ane Ret ee mee eae Gottlieb Bassler............ Gen. Council Nites COBO, « Ene Gh tole. oo fi ee ee Gottlieb Bassler... Gen. Council 1843* JIN. Washington, Ev. Luth.|Mount Varnum........... Sli hiekea th buttesee cess Gen. Synod ee Ror Kober Tig? ok wi Date teem Oli SChOtt Siz tees Henry Esensee............... Gen. Council 1843* |Butler Co., Mt. Pisgah E24 et CL ole ae Sei Pe ch es Eline Rath pues Absorbed econ vy Ctitis ey ote vUke oie | er ee C. G. Stuebgen.............. Ohio Synod 1844* |Dutch Hill, Bethell.............. Ch Petersson 423: Henry Bishop............... .| Gen. Synod 344" i Frogtown, -oalem _)- 2 EPODIOE. Ga 2 ite eS epccens baud ‘Te have’ OUNCE eed Gen. Synod *Regular Organization. **Provisional Organization. +Approximate Date. table are given as approximate. It is much to be regretted that so many dates in the above This is due to the peculiar inethod by which all the earlier congregations of the Lutheran Church were organized. the present time. When the men of the settlement decided they should have preaching services, elders and deacons were elected, and nothing more in the way of organization thought necessary. were appointed by both Lutherans and Reformed, so the transaction might be legal, but even then the people of the settlement often simply accepted the word of the donor of the land. Much carelessness prevailed in the keeping of church rec- ords, sone congregations being reported to synod a score of years before any local record of ministerial acts was kept. For reason an approximate date must be assigned to the organization of no less than forty-eight of these pioneer churches! twenty of them have been disbanded or and of all the others all but nine were eventually the course of years, absorbed ; There was no formal organization as at that Was When church property was secured, trustees that this During brought into the fellowship of the Pittsburgh Synod. The policy of the founders has thus been fully vindicated. The organization of the synod was completed at the second 76 HISTORY. OF VR ERaPr PSBURGHOSY NOD convention, held in Mount Zion Church, Shippenville, Pa., June 5-10, 1845. The name assumed in the constitution of June 10, 1845, was “The Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church”, but this was changed to “Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church” in the charter of April 18, 1846. The following is a copy of the Act of Assembly, by which the charter was secured: AN ACT TOINCORPORAT ETH PIETSBURGH SS Yavem OF THE EVANGERICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House oi Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Gen- eral Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That the present members of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church and their successors shall be, and hereby are, created and declared to be a body corporate by -the name, style and title of the Pittsbursh@oyuodson ie Evangelical Lutheran Church’, and by the same name shall have perpetual succession, and shall be able and capable in law to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded in courts of law or equity, in this State or elsewhere, and to make and have a common seal, and the same to break, alter or renew at their pleasure, and also to ordain and establish such by-laws and ordinances as shall be necessary and proper for the regulating of temporal concerns of the Synod for promoting religion in it; Provided they be not repugnant to this act or the law of the State. Section 2. That the said Synod shall consist of a President, Secretary, Treasurer and such other officers as may be deemed advisable to elect for the time being, together with such minis- ters of the gospel and laymen, as they in their wisdom and prudence may from time to time admit as members of said Synod. Section 3. ‘That the said Synod may annually elect a Presi- dent, Secretary and Treasurer, and such other officers as may be deemed advisable for the time being, who are to comply with such rules and regulations as may be adopted by said Synod. Section 4. That the said Synod and their successors, by the name and style aforesaid, shall be able and capable in law to have, purchase, take and receive, and hold lands, tenements, results, annuities and other hereditaments, which may be sold, devised, or in any other way conveyed to said Synod for their use or in trust for them; Provided, that the said corporation shall not at any time hold, or possess property, real, personal or mixed, exceeding the annual value of four thousand dollars.” FOUNDERS OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD David Earhart Gottlieb Bassler Michael John Steck Abraham Weills William Alfred Passavant George Frederick Ehrenfeld Samuel David Witt Elihu Rathbir 78 HISTORY OF THEsPrPiSBURGHSSYNGD The eight founders of the Pittsburgh Synod were men oi exceptional character, and filled an honorable place in the de- veloping life of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. 1. REVEREND SVG Ee WS OETING Ro DOK a curiae president of the synod, was born in Greensburg, Pa., May 1, 1793. He was the son of Pastor John Michael Steck, and inherited many of the sterling qualities of his father. From the days of childhood he showed an aptitude for the ministry. As a boy he would gather his schoolmates about him and preach to them from a fallen log. When these performances were reported to his father, he was asked whether he would like to be a Luth- eran pastor, and very promptly replied in the affirmative. He came into the ministry of the Lutheran Church as naturally as the rivers flow into the sea. He loved to preach the gospel, and this love of it made him a strong and successful preacher. He studied theology under his father, and later under Rev. Jacob Schnee of Pittsburgh. He was licensed by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1816, and became one of the founders of the Ohio Synod in 1818. His first parish was Lancaster, Ohio, where he served thirteen years, and did a work that is yielding fruitage to the present day. When his father grew ill he returned to Greensburg in 1829, and upon the death of his father, July 14, 1830, became his successor in Westmoreland Parish, serving faithfully until the day of his death, September 1, 1848. These two pastors, father and son, ministered to the Lutherans of Westmoreland for fifty-six years, and left a spiritual impress that can never be effaced. Pastor Michael J. Steck was a humble man, but one of strong convictions and great earnestness. Evil doers learned to dread his displeasure. On one occasion, when he filled an appointment at Brush Creek, he was informed that some of his catechumens had been guilty of going to shooting matches and doing other unseemly things on the Lord’s Day, and was so indignant that his instruction had been so fruitless, that he took off his coat, went into the church and preached a sermon that the young men never forgot. He was the only one of the leaders of the Ohio Synod to enter the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod, but he did it so earnestly, and labored so faithfully for its success, that his memory is blessed. 2. REVEREND GEORGE FREDERICK EHRENFELD. This pastor was born in Philadelphia, January 20, 1810, and was baptized in Zion Lutheran Church by Doctor Helmuth. He was the first-born son of Augustus Clemens Ehrenfeld, M. D., who was the son of George Frederick, who was the son of George Nicolaus, who was the son of John George, who was the son of Matthias Bernhard, who was born in 1601. Bip LORY te toiieks | SBURGi SYNOD 79 Certainly three and perhaps more of his ancestors were men ot university training. In the line of his paternal grandmother were several Lutheran ministers, one of whom was at one time pastor of the historic Wittenberg Church, on whose door Martin Luther nailed the Ninety-five Theses. He was a very precocious boy. On his tenth birthday he made this record: “Today I am ten years old, and I have finished my study of geometry.’ The Ehrenfeld home was transferred from Philadelphia to Mifflin County in 1817, and here in the beauti- ful Kishacoquillas Valley, the boy grew to manhood. Such were the influences of his home life that he naturally elected to enter the ministry. Flis brothers, August Clemens and Charles Lewis, soon followed him. He was educated at Mifflinburg Academy and Pennsylvania College. Upon his graduation from the Gettys- burg Seminary in 1840, he was licensed by the West Pennsyl- vania Synod and sent to his first parish in Clarion County. During his school days he was a close personal friend of Gott- lieb Bassler, and many letters were preserved as tender mem- orials of their friendship. He was one of the founders of the Alleghany Synod in 1842, and one of the founders of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1845. The greatest mistake of his minis- terial life, and one that he later acknowledged, was his champ- ionship of the “Definite Platform”. He was a great admirer of Spener, and believed in holding special meetings for the preaching of the gospel, but he was never an emotionalist. His enemies have classed him among the advocates of ‘New Measures”, but this was only partly true. He regarded the mourners bench system as subversive of faith, and frequently was outspoken in its condemnation. From 1840 to 1845 he was pastor of Clarion County congregations; from 1845 to 1855, he served congregations in Armstrong County. He served the Brookville Parish during the time of the synodical controversy, but his active ministry practically closed in 1855. He fell asleep in jesus, ejuly 26,1876, and. his body was laid to rest in’ the Forks cemetery. 3. REVEREND ABRAHAM WEILLS. Pastor Weills was born in Randolph County, Va., January 4, 1806. He at- tributed his strongest religious impressions to the preaching of Father Heyer, but was confirmed by Pastor Martin Kubler in the Glade Church in 1824. He early elected the gospel ministry as his life work, and gave thirty-five years to active service. He left home in 1828 with only eight dollars in his pocket, deter- mined in some way to prepare for the ministry. He studied theology under Professor Schmidt of Capital University, and was the first product of that useful institution. His experiences as a student were quite trying. As a cobbler and land clearer, in which latter art he excelled, he managed to earn his living and 80 HISTORY \OF THE (PLE rSBURGH S¥NOD finish his studies. As a boy he could speak only English, but by persistent study he mastered the German and became an ac- ceptable German preacher. After four years of study he was licensed by the Ohio Synod, and was ordained by the same body, September 18, 1837. “The first four years of his ministerial life, 1832-1836, were spent in Ohio. A scourge of fever com- pelled him to resign his Ohio field, and in 1836 he came to western Pennsylvania, accepting a part of the large Washing- ton County Parish of Pastor John Brown. In later years his parish was extended until it included congregations in Washing- ton, Fayette, Allegheny, Beaver and Westmoreland counties. One of his churches was fifteen miles to the west of his home, and two others were fourteen miles in the opposite direction. Only a strong and vigorous body enabled him to do the work that was required j in this immense field. At the time of the organiza- tion of the Pittsburgh Synod he was the regular pastor of but two churches. He served in Washington County from 1836-1868, when he removed to LaSalle County, Illinois. There his health broke down, and he returned to Washington, where he was killed by a Baltimore and Ohio train, July 16, 1886. Father Weills was a member of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod at the time of his death. 4- REVEREND DAVID EARHART.? | Pastor Earhart was born of German parents on an Indiana County farm, Feb- ruary 28, 1818. Before the public school system was estab- lished, he received his primary education in subscription schools, held in log buildings, poorly lighted and rudely furnished. The teachers of those days were often selected for their ability to use hickory rods as well as text books; and Pastor Earhart, even as late as his eighty-fifth year, confessed a vivid personal recol- lection of their discipline. He attended the Indiana Academy, and later studied theology at Wooster, Ohio, under Doctor Ezra Keller and Rev. George Leiter. He was married to Miss Mary Wells Patton in Somerset, Pa., November 16,1841. In Septem- ber of the same year he was licensed to preach by the East Ohio Synod. J ' 2 ’ \ t i ‘a > ‘ ' + } i aS ea * t <5 a) , i. Fi - r ‘ i? had : 4 A i Ss 4 A Be a ; pit a | a a Te fy Neal oa Oe +, Tag sikh } hee sePo bez Ui. ¢ Rte y aera N wt i : y 7 [ah a . Na ps 3 , Tha last be) © f+ = i : ‘ Ud , +9 Ss pir” Peres te i) bee we Ae ae . , \, j i ,) he bo ke os ‘ pas la r P ' Mi Ok ‘Ny Grek he : i ; ‘ | i / & ‘ a xt Ue } F t 4 > 2 2% j = ’ . » . “s 2 * ’ L * 4 * a _ cs é ' ie Be ‘. a i i“ - 4 =< : a9 : ‘ ‘ E 17 j i “ - 7 ” é oh sae * , Bay * y . pees , - 4 $ a" ’ a z es fe :: - { ‘, fe | > a = ey (Vapee ‘ > - he ot 4 a ; aril - 5 i. y > ; a5 ” *, a hy t ™ * 1 ’ 7 ine ' f j ; ‘ or + : ae j . t 7 \ } ; rib : , j ‘ mY tan z ‘ a a ee. > 1 } ¥ ag i - AN 9 ~ » . pt . = aN ill ‘ j , Fa! eae * 5 i g , > oh 7 => ’ 1 < ‘ ¢ a vie , 7 had at) 1 Aely 4 ae > a a ® a, y , ; ~ 5 be .! tr \ Pi i+ “a0 ; ; ¥* f . ‘ 4 - x Se : el i | ae ‘ 4 } an ' ‘ = ii CHAPTER II EARLY DEVELOPMENT 1845-1867 “Behold how good and how pleasant 1t is for brethren to dwell together in unity.” ANTENSE enthusiasm characterized all the earlier conventions of the young synod. ‘Their heart and brain was William A. Passavant, who possessed the gift of inspiring others with the fervor of his convictions and organizing them for service. While nearly all the pastors of the Ohio Synod declined to unite with them, believing that the new organization was a “‘dis- orderly intrusion”, there was an intensity of purpose in their con- ventions ever prophetic of greater things to come. The first con- vention after the organization meeting was held in Mt. Zion Church ohippenville Pas. June 5-10), 1845) at’ which. all pastors were present and eager for service. Three additional pastors were admitted, Henry Ziegler, J. G. Donmeyer and Solomon Weills, giving them an active force of fourteen. ‘The Sunday services were attended by nearly two thousand people, and a large overflow meeting was held in the adjoining grove. A synodical constitution was adopted on the last day of the convention, and a committee appointed to draft a model constitution for congregations. The synod was incorporated under the laws of Pennsylvania, the Act of Assembly being approved by Governor Francis R. Shunk, April 18, 1846. The chief concern of the synod at Shippenville was the supply of vacant and neglected congregations with the ministry of the word. For this purpose their organization had been effected; and it was given first place in their deliberations. In addition to the large number of vacancies reported by the pastors, there was the great terra incognita of the northwestern part of the state that demanded immediate attention. A letter from Rev. Henry Ziegler, expressing regret for his inability to attend the sessions of the synod, was read, and the following action taken: “Resolved, That, in view of the great spiritual destitution among our people in the western counties of Pennsylvania, and in humble reliance upon the help of God, we hereby engage the services of Rev. Henry Ziegler for one year, to act as missionary of the synod within our bounds, under the direction of the officers of the synod as an ex- ecutive committee.” In this manner the office of missionary president (super- 88 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD intendent) was established, and the great work of home: mis- sions begun. While the churches were weak in numbers as well as in wealth, they were determined that this work should be neglected no longer. The problem of financial support was solved by the laymen, who pledged $203 toward the salary of the missionary president at Shippenville, and $229 for the same cause at the next convention. With such hearty cooper- ation on the part of all the great missionary task was made easier. Rev. Henry Ziegler was sent out at once into’ the destitute field of northwestern Pennsylvania, where he labored until May 24, 1850, preaching 450 English and 180 German sermons, travelling 11,074 miles, usually on horseback, re-or- ganizing seven churches and adding 220 persons to the mem- bership of the congregations. He was reared in that section of the state, understood the needs of the people, and proved himself a strong and capable missionary. While the salary was only $300, Pastor Ziegler ttad been trained in the school of hardship and knew how to make every dollar count. In his private diary he has this to say of his compulsory economy in college days: “Often my meals consisted of bread, salt and water. The salt was my butter, and the water was my coffee. Sometimes I had cold mush and apple butter; meat I never had any. I boarded myself for about fifty cents a week. I had not sufficient bedding to keep me warm. On some occasions I had to sleep in all my clothes and overcoat, and then I suffered from the cold. But I never thought of hardship.. I had been inured to it from childhood. Besides clearing land, mauling rails, etc., I worked in the blacksmith shop on rainy days when others could rest.” After his conversion at the age of seventeen he determined to enter the ministry; and walked the entire distance from Venango County to Gettysburg, “without so much as receiving an invitation to ride a single mile by a passing traveller”. With such a training, Pastor Ziegler was well prepared to meet the hardships ‘of missionary work in northwestern Pennsylvania. Moreover, he was a man of strong intellectual gifts, and these, supplemented by a natural piety and a deep love for his Church, made him a model missionary president. ‘The credit for securing him for this work must be given to Rev. W. A. Passavant. The young man had already made up his mind to begin his minis- terial life on the territory of Wittenberg College, and had ar- ranged for a conference with Doctor Ezra Keller at the ap- proaching convention of the General Synod in Philadelphia; but W. A. Passavant chanced to be present at that conference, and pressed the claims of the Pittsburgh Synod with such fervor that both men agreed that young Ziegler was needed most in northwestern Pennsylvania. After a horseback ride of more than two hundred miles he arrived in Pittsburgh, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 89 August 1, 1845, and was commissioned at once for his work. Ilis business was to seek out the scattered Lutherans of his lerritory, reencourage them in their faith, and organize them into congregations wherever possible. The unhappy experiences of the people with wicked imposters, who had pretended to be Lutheran pastors and were not, made his work doubly diffi- cult. Many visits were necessary before he could persuade the people that he was neither an imposter nor a traveller, and that he had come to be their loyal pastor. In his private diary he laments their indifference to the gospel and speaks of some as “a hard, unfeeling, ungrateful people, unconverted to God, self-righteous and self-important.” Years of neglect had made them such. But the missionary, with a zeal and patience that were noteworthy, toiled on at his task; and, when the next convention of synod was held at Greensburg, May 28, 1846, he was prepared to add his practical experience to the organizing talent of Rev. W. A. Passavant, for the preparation of a missionary constitution that was then adopted. Miah Ye CONSITLULION OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Adopted, June 2, 1846 ARTICUE. I: “Sec. 1. At the annual election of synodical officers, the Synod shall also hold an election for a Missionary President, who shall be chosen from among the Bishops regularly belonging to the Synod, in the manner specified in Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution. The Same person may, however, be annually re-elected for any number of successive years. , Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the Missionary Superintendent: a. To superintend the whole missionary work not otherwise pro- vided for within the bounds of Synod, taking the oversight thereof, and co-operating with the Mission Committee in the management of the same. b. He shall present a written report at the meeting of every Synod of the state of the missions under his supervision, which shall embrace all items of interest connected with the missionary work, and such sug- Sankar as, in his judgment, are calculated to advance the cause of hrist. c. He shall have the appointment of all the missionaries (whose appointments, however, shall be confirmed by the Mission Committee. unless in cases where particular appointments are left by them in his hands), and, with the President of Synod, shall counsel and advise with the missionaries in relation to their official duties, admonish them to faithfulness and holiness of life, and warn every brother who errs in doctrine or practice. d. He shall diligently employ all the time, in which he is not en- gaged in superintending the missionary work, in supplying his own dis- trict, in exploring the destitute territory of Synod and setting in order new fields of labor. Sec. 3. In case the Missionary President remove out of the bounds of this Synod, resign his office or depart this life, then the Mission Committee shall make such provisions for the continuation of the work 90 HISTORY Ol vlHEsPEETSBURGHsSY NOD until the next meeting of the Synod as, in their judgment, shall best promote the interests of the Redeemer’s Kingdom. ARAL Bali Sec. 1. At the annual meeting of Synod a committee shall be ap- pointed, consisting of one ordained minister from each Conference who shall be styled the Mission Committee, which committee may be an- nually re-appointed for any number of successive years. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of this committee to co-operate with the Missionary President by consulting and advising with him concern- ing the missions and vacancies in their respective districts, confirming or annulling the appointment of miussionaries,,determining the salary of the Missionary President and the appropriations from the treasury to the different missions, and attending to all those duties in the mis- sionary work not otherwise provided for. Sec. 3. This committee, in connection with the Missionary Presi- dent, shall have power to draw up a table of instructions for the mis- sionaries under their care, require from them quarterly and annual re- ports, and may publish such extracts from their correspondence as would be interesting to the Church. Sec. 4. Should any vacancies occur in the Mission Committee in the interval of Synod, by death, removal or otherwise, the remaining members, in connection with the Missionary President shall fill the vacancy from the Conference in which the vacancy occurred, and such person or persons shall remain in office until the next annual convention of Synod.” Under this missionary constitution, which was not greatly changed in later years, the Pittsburgh Synod achieved remark- able successes. The first committee consisted of Rev. Sv. Witt, Rev. Gottlieb Bassler and Rev. W. A. Passavant. While the name of W. A. Passavant was given last, he was the mis- sionary genius of the synod. His wide acquaintance and evan- gelical spirit made him a natural missionary, whose leadership others were glad to follow. He was the second missionary president of the synod, 1849-1856, and made the mission work the commanding interest of the body. The publication of THE MISSIONARY was a great factor in the success of the work, since it kept the Church informed. Large contributions were received from Lutherans, who were in no way connected with the synod. From 1845 to 1867, aid was given to no less than 123 churches. Some of these were only preaching points, but others developed into great and influential congregations. Some of the largest churches of the Middle West owe their origin to the missionary spirit of this synod. The total cost of twelve years was only $15,868, but salaries and appropriations were low. According to a well authenticated tradition, Adam Keffer of Canada, while on a foot journey to the States in 1849, stopped at Klecknerville over night and learned that the Pittsburgh Synod was there in session. A visit to the synod created a large interest in the scattered Lutherans of Canada, and led HISTORY. OF SPHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 91 the sending of Pastor Bassler on a special mission to the pro- vince in the following year. On his return a narrative of the journey was published in THE MISSIONARY, which led to the sending os missionaries and the founding of the Canada Synod, July 1861. The missionary leaders of the synod alw ays pate the plea of Father Keffer as an act of Provi- dence, and felt that they were under obligations to provide the means of grace for the Canadians. ‘The seven pastors, who founded the Synod of Canada, were members of the Pittsburgh Synod at the time. Three of them were missionaries, and their missionary appropriations were generously continued until their parishes became self-supporting. In the early part of 1850, Rev. Casper’ Braun of New Castle was sent to Texas as a missionary; and the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Texas was organized, May 20, 1852, with Pastor Braun as the first president. The chief credit for the founding of the Texas Synod, however, is due to Father Spitt- ler of Basle, a deeply pious layman, whose devotion to the scat- tered German Lutherans of the Lone Star State can never be forgotten. ‘The missionary eyes of the Pittsburgh Synod were upon every part of the land; and the pastors were always willing to lend a helping hand to any faithful missionary, who could show that he had a worthy field. One-half of the appropriations to home mission work in 1853 was given to churches outside the boundaries of the synod. ‘The Scandinavians of the North- west owe more to Rev. W. A. Passavant for his interest and helpful care during their pioneer experiences than to any other man in America. He gave wide publicity to their work in the columns of THE MISSIONARY, plead their cause before the conventions of the Church at every opportunity, and check- mated the wholesale proselyting campaigns of the sects. At the meeting of the synod in 1857, Pastor David Earhart was re- quested to do mission work in Kansas; Rev. W. P. Ruthrauff was asked to establish a mission in Nebraska; and the missionary president was authorized to commission a man for work in Minnesota. In more than one instance, work at home was sacrificed in order that the needy fields of the growing West might be cared for. Such was the spirit that earned for this synod the honored title of “Missionary Synod of the Evangelical lutheran Church: While this work of missions was being pressed with much vigor, the missionary leaders recognized the fact that educa- tional institutions were needed to provide the missionaries. Accordingly, it was decided at Shippenville in 1845 that an academy should be opened at Zelienople, with Pastor Gottlieb Bassler as principal. This meant the laying of a heavy burden 92 HISTORY OF WH PIP SBURGCH SYNOD upon the shoulders of a man already overloaded with a large parish of five churches, but he accepted the task at an annual salary of $100 and rendered excellent service. The first session of the Zelienople Academy continued from November 3, 1845 to May 13, 1846, and was attended by Asa H. Waters, Lewis M. Kuhns, John Scott and John B. Horn. In 1846 propositions were received from Leechburg, Uniontown, and Greensburg, offering a permanent site for the academy, and the synod found much difficulty in reaching a satisfactory decision. The academy was hnally transferred to Greensburg in 1848, opening under the name of ‘‘Muhlenberg Collegiate Institute” with Rev.. W. P. Ruthrauff as acting principal. At the close of the second year of work this promising institution was closed, largely because of the death of Pastor Michael J. Steck, and the consequent with- drawal of the churches of Westmoreland Parish from the Pittsburgh Synod. Had the life of Pastor Steck been prolonged a few move yenrs, all the educational interests of the synod would doubtless have been centered in Greensburg. For a num- ber of years a successful academy was conducted at Leechburg under the principalship of Professor David McKee. ‘This was sold in 1887, and Hebron Church now stands on the academy ground. Another similar school was opened in Worthington by Pastor A. C. Ehrenfeld, but this too was soon abandoned. In the year 1865, A. Louis Thiel-of Pittsburgh placed a sum of money in the hands of Rev. W. A. Passavant, which was used for the purchase of a sanitarium at Phillipsburg, now called Monaca, in 1866. . The buildings were remodelled for educational work, and reopened as Thiel Hall in September of the same year. The gifted. yotng Henry Eyster Jacobs served in this school. Among the boys who matriculated in this new school were Hiram Peters, Julius A. J. Zahn, George W.».Critchlow, Theophilusy-B). Roth, 3D ioathen@ kh othgue we Lemcke, Hugo L.- McMurray, J. C.-Kunzmanny Dettmarais Passavant, William A. Passavant, Jr., Robert M. Zimmerman, John Wesley Myers, and G. C. Berkemeier. The courses offered included those of a preparatory school and the freshman and sophomore grade of college. The salary of the professors was fixed at $1,000, and that of vrincival of the preparatory school at $800. Thiel Hall developed into Thiel College, which was incorporated by Act of Assembly, April 14, 1870. Thiel College ° was opened in Thiel Hall, September 1, 1870, but was removed to Greenville, Pa., September 7, 1871. The history of this in- stitution, therefore belongs to a later period. The first bene- ficiary of the synod was Rev. Augustus Clemens Ehrenfeld, a brother of one of the founders, who applied for aid at the Shippenville convention. The synod had not yet established a DOCTOR HENRY EYSTER JACOBS 94 HISTORY -O be Pee els bag Emo ae) fund for ministerial education, so the young man was referred to the conferences, and = $50 ‘secured’ for him), He spent many years in the ministry of the General Synod. From 1845 to 1867, the synod raised $7,851 for the education of students for the ministry, and the following young men received aid: Aughey, Samuel Ehrenfeld, Charles L. Potts Gay be Bethinynouele Haengerer, Charles C. Richards, Frank Blyholder, To Kee Haengerer, John Adam Roth, John D. Brecht, Carl F. W. Horn, John B. Sarver, Jonathan Cohn, M. Knapp, G. Steck, Mosheim Colver, Michael Kuss, Alexander Trautman, Lewis Debendarfer, Dat: Lawson, Samuel S. Waters, James Q. Delo, Reuben S. Maesche, Albert Waters, Asa Harris Ehrenfeld, ASC Ostrem, O. One of the most interesting features of this period of synodical history was the care exercised in ordination. The fathers adhered strictly to the apostolic injunction: “Lay hands suddenly on no man.” ‘This caution was inherited from the older synods, which had many unpleasant experiences with upstarts and pretenders. Their chief protection was a rigid system of probation for all candidates. Every Lutheran synod in America was compelled for a time to adopt the licensure system, and licensed and relicensed candidates until they had demonstrated their fitness for the ministry. Pastor John M. Steck, who began to preach in Westmoreland County in 1791, was not ordained until 1806. Pastor Anton Ulrich Luetge, who preached at Harold’s from 1782 to 1789, was licensed by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1788, but died without receiving the coveted ordination. Instances of this kind might be multiplied to show the methods of that day. At the time of the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod, this rigorous system of probation had been greatly modified, but licensure was still practiced; and the synod in 1846 resolved to ordain no man “unless he had served three years as a licensed candidate.” Pas- tor Michael Schweigert was licensed in 1845, but not ordained until 1853. This good brother could have been ordained in 1851, however, had he been willing to accept it. Pastor David Ear- hart was licensed by the East Ohio Synod in 1844, but not ordained until 1848. Pastor Gottlieb Bassler, good man as he was, also served four years as a candidate. The examining committees of the synod treated each case on its merits, and never spared the feelings of the candidates. in their reports. Pastor David Earhart was taken to task in his own church for poor spelling; Pastor Solomon Weills was rebuked for carelessness in keeping his journal; and Pastor G. B. Holmes paper on regeneration was criticized as bearing marks of hur- red preparation. The result of this policy was the creation of a body of faithful ministers, to whom all the vacant churches of this section could turn with confidence for the ministry of Poison Nee ide rl SBURGHE SYNOD 95 the Word. In 1865, the following deliverance on the licensure system, prepared by Doctor C. P. Krauth, was adopted by the synod. “1. The duty of having some system of probation for candidates for the ministry rests not only on the self-evident necessity for guarding with solicitous care the purity and efficiency of the sacred office, but rests also on the positive command, ‘Lay hands suddenly on no man’, and on the Apostolic requisition that a bishop shall not be a ‘novice’, but shall ‘first be proved’. 2. The right of the Church to secure this probation by a system of licensure is derived from the freedom which Christ has given her of arranging, according to her judgment, all things necessary for her security, order and well being, so far as neither the letter nor spirit of God’s Word is violated thereby. 3. The object of licensure is that the Church may know thoroughly before by ordination she acknowledges him finally and in the most solemn manner as one of her ministers; and that the licentiate may know himself, may attest the fixedness of his resolution to devote his life to the ministry, and his capacity for performing its duties, and may, during the period of comparative inexperience, have the benefit of a fra- ternal guardianship. 4. The proper applicants for licensure are those who believe them- selves called of God to preach the gospel, and believe themselves pre- pared to enter on the work, especially where their judgment is con- firmed by that of sober-minded and judicious ministers and Christian friends. 5. The proper subjects for licensure are those who, in the judg- ment of the Church, are called of God to preach the gospel, and who have given evidence that they are prepared for the work. 6. The proper medium, through which the Church expresses this her belief, is the Ministerium, or body of ordained ministers connected with the particular Synod within which the application is made. 7. The.proper time to apply for licensure is during a. meeting, either regular or special, of the Ministerium. Ad interim licenses should not be granted ,except at a special meeting of the Ministerium, called by its officers. Each Ministerium may determine what ratio of its members shall constitute a quorum for the purpose. 8. All licenses shall cease to be valid with the close of the synod- ical year. 9. No man shall be ordained until he has passed through two years of probation as a licentiate, except in a case declared by a vote of two- thirds of the Ministerium to be such as to justify a departure from a general rule. Any licentiate may have the period of his probation ex- tended beyond two years by the vote of a majority. 10. The powers of a licensed minister do not differ essentially from those of an ordained minister. He is fully authorized not only to preach the gospel but also to administer the sacraments, since the administration of the sacraments involves no higher responsibility, and is not more essentially a ministerial act, than the official preaching of the gospel. The restrictions peculiar to the position of a licentiate are not those of the powers of the ministry, but simply of the place in which, and the time during which, and the direction under which, they shall be exercised. 11. As the character of our ordained ministry is vitally connected with that of the licentiate, the constitutional directions in regard to the examination of licentiates should be carefully framed and sacredly 96 AES TORY (OH nn eP rr Pa BURCH SMN OD followed. The principles involved should not be relaxed from merely personal considerations of any kind, but should be maintained with sole reference to the glory of Christ, the welfare of his Church, and the solemn judgment of the last day.” One might naturally suppose that such a select body of men would command large salaries, but the truth is that they were dishearteningly underpaid. The talented Henry Ziegler received a salary of $300 a year; the noble Bassler received but $50 a year from his Butler congregation, and probably equally as small an amount from thee other congregations of his parish; the faithful, hard-working Earhart never received more than $400 a year from his well-to-do congregations in Armstrong County; and Jacob H. Wright had great difficulty in collecting the $350 that was promised him by_his parish. Rev. W. F. Ulery has this to say of Pastor Michael Schweigert: 23“After he was licensed, he was sent out by synod as a missionary to minister to the poor Germans in Beaver, Butler and Allegheny coun- ties, who had recently come to this country. His salary was very small —a mere pittance. He said that the first year he received only a few dollars. He endured much fatigue, for he traveled long distances on foot to the several stations. Some friend advised him to get a horse, for the long journeys would wear him out, but, he asked, ‘How can | . get money enough to buy a horse’? He was told that he could buy a horse very cheap at the Pittsburgh horse market, some times as low as $10 or even $5. Said he, ‘So I goes to Pittsburgh and looks around in that market, and finds some horses that were cheap, and I sees the men who are going to buy a horse go up and look into his mouth and examine his teeth.; I’ tink I go too and look for ‘myself...1sees-a horse that was offered very cheap, and I looks into his mouth and sees that he has fine long teeth, so I agrees to take him for $5, for I tink he must be a good horse for he has good long teeth. I tink how longer de teeth, how better de horse’. But the poor man hada sad experience with that horse. He soon found that he was worse off than when he had no horse. He continued to labor on with earnestness and fidelity, and by and by he fared a little better.” Many other pastors were compelled to practice rigid econo- my in order to live within their means, and yet there were but few who abandoned their work to seek larger compensation. With the consciousness that they had been called of God, they were satisfied with what their people were able in their eom- parative poverty to provide. It was during this period of the history of the synod that the civil war occurred. While it had a depressing effect upon church life, the members of the synod were intensely loyal to the federal government at all tumes. When the synod met in Canton, Ohio, May 29, 1861, the following resolutions were adopted by a unanimous vote. “Whereas, There exists a wide-spread and dangerous armed re- bellion against the Government of the United States, which has already paralyzed the prosperity of the country and seriously affected the in- 23—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, p. 21. Be Gt whom hese BR IY AOPWE, THAT THE & So - ade a tC? dee Levee CALLED CO THRE OFFIC @> - PASTOR OF THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. €) eae . ez therg COL. fs oo . ee “ : os Hoe PEC ce es ee Fem ver eg = é FR f* : fo é é W ve is tat he ey es 'Y pee € ees ee wee flees aot REAIN AD. Poe 2 ax tev of Che Mob pet 0.0108) « ts oS ate aed io id Scere fr ie By ot BERK LP AG BRE SES EES SEAS LSP AE LS Se BESELE ORL SES FP SI EET ~ se se : : : $ tae f (a fe oo ae pee Se ; Se te sae : ae ee to eo LB SR SPs Bo est HE af cere Pa oe ed a ee a Be . ei ne ‘ x A = Puc os Ba oe aoe oe * ae cal lee x ee a bis ; J, i 3 i’ f ite PELEE revived PEELE re” aye vs SAE er S , € = — S as een Se e oe Coes * Pa ee ea es ue : PE Gy we ite a see Sane beasenle auPactles oe gated GK Ne : i : 7 ; eas Be as Foon PLR EEG SEES SK ies Se fics hte’ Kar eas cas oes (ike Beangeices Ldieian Mateo oh b Oe on. ? ra ORDINATION CERTIFICATE OF 1864 98 His LORY. OF GLEE VETTEL S BURGHES YN GHD) terests of the Church, which is leading to fratricidal war, bloodshed and desolation, and threatening the very foundation of the noble fabric of constitutional liberty and equal rights, which was reared by the toils and baptized with the blood of our fathers; and Whereas, The Government has summoned to its aid an army of loyal, brave and patriotic men, and has signified its unalterable deter- mination to repel force by force in its own defense; and Whereas, The commands of the Bible, and especially the precepts of Christ and his apostles, teach loyalty and obedience to the properly constituted authorities, as the powers that are ordained of God; there- fore Resolved, 1. That the unanimous conviction of this synod is that it is the duty of the Church to bring to the aid of the Government not only her effectual fervent prayers to Him who appointed the powers that be, but also the moral force of an outspoken declaration. Resolved, 2. That we recognize *in the policy of the General Gov- ernment toward those in rebellion a just and righteous war. Resolved, 3. That we will neither cease our prayers, nor withhold our aid from any measure, until the venerated symbol of our nationality is again peacefully recognized as the protection of liberty and the shield of religion throughout the length and breadth of this land, which may God grant for his mercy’s sake, Amen.” Such was the attitude of the synod; and such was the attitude of the overwhelming majority of its people. Many of the congregations, like Zion of Wheeling and Hebron of Leech- burg, sent nearly all of their able-bodied men to the front. Of the latter is was said: “More than fifty of our best young men went into the army, and but few ever got back. Most of them were in the Eleventh Pennsylvania Reserves, and were engaged in many severe battles’ Pastor.” A. Delo of Apalia was the chaplain of his regiment; Pastor J. H. W. Stuckenberg was chaplain of the 145th Pennsylvania Volunteers. Some of the pastors who remained at home were compelled to endure no little hardship as the price of their loyalty. Rev. Michael Schweigert of Armstrong County lost no opportunity to assert his loyalty to the government, and on a certain occasion the bad boys of the congregation put bandana handkerchiefs on sticks, and marched around through the church in order to break up the service.. When they succeeded in their efforts, he turned the congregation over to the care of Pastor J. H. Wright. Pastor Wright was noted for his loyalty, and was made the object of many threats by members of “The Golden Circle’, an oath-bound organization of southern sympathizers. After a certain sermon. by the fearless Beane they threatened to white-cap him, but when they came to his house to carry out their threat, they found him on guard, and were afraid to enter the door. One of the elders of his church said to him one day: “There is war along the Potomac now, but there will soon be war at home; and the first people to get killed will be the Luth- eran preachers, for they are nothing but a set of ————aboli- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 99 tionists.” Pastor James Manning of Ohio was another war patriot. Having lost a son in the battle of Missionary Ridge, he became exceedingly bitter, and for a long time closed nearly all his sermons with a peroration on the ° ‘rebels and copperheads” During the time of Morgan’s raid, his friends feared that his enemies would take advantage of their opportunity to have him killed, but the bravest man in the parish was Pastor Manning. During the last two years of the war period, the work of sus- taining the Church rested heavily upon the older men, the women and children, but the records show that steady progress was made. Early in the history ot the Pittsburgh Synod, the founda- tions of those great institutions of mercy, now under the management and control of the Institution of Protestant Dea- conesses, were laid. ‘They were conceived and born in the heart of William A. Passavant. While on a visit to Europe in 1846, during his stay in London, a heavy rain compelled him to seek shelter near an orphanage, on whose walls he noticed a tablet with the inscription, “Within the orphan shall find compassion”. An impression was then and there made upon his sensitive heart that meant much to the Lutheran Church of America. At Kaiserswerth in the Fatherland he studied the developing work of the Inner Mission under the care of Pastor Theodore Fliedner, and resolved to establish similar colonies of mercy in his own country. After his return to Pittsburgh, he at once began to make his plans for the care of the sick and help- less of the city. In the spring of 1848 he rented a house on the North Side, but this was not opened for patients until Janu- ary of the following year. When a boatload of wounded soldiers, returning from the Mexican War, were landed at the Pittsburgh wharf, he sought them out in company with Asa H. Waters, took them 1n a carriage to his North Side building, cleansed them Pimicit une ands vermin, sand pave them, medical carey) In this manner his great institutional work was begun. When the cholera plague broke out in the city during that summer, so many died of the disease that the people were thrown into a state of panic. It soon became known that cholera patients were being received at the Passavant Infirmary, and a mob threatened to storm the building if they were not removed at once. ‘The city authorities gave notice that they could offer no protection to the institution. Hear the story of this experience acuciven by, Woctor Gs Ha Gerberdine in Iuife ‘arid Letters -of Passavant. 24°What was to be done? First of all, as was the wont of Mr. Passa- vant, he told his trouble to God. Most earnestly did he cry for light and pe ESS The convalescents, who were able to leave, were sadly 4—Life and Letters of Passavant, G. H. Gerberding, p. 186. 100 HISDORY ‘OF *THE *P Lei sSBURGH SYNOD dismissed with prayer from their refuge and asylum. ‘There were sev- eral who were unable to leave their beds. These were loaded into a wagon on their beds, and their driver was started for he knows not where. Mr. Passavant had often looked upon the hills of Lacyville as a desirable place for a hospital. Thither the wagon was directed with its precious load. Mr. Passavant walked ahead, praying as he went. The Lacyville road led over a high hill, on which stood a spacious building occupied by Rev. Dr. Lacy and his female seminary. The building stood alone, with no other house near it. Mr. Passavant had previously negotiated for the purchase of this property. He had tried to interest others in it, but up to this time his success had been small. He had not concluded the purchase. The building was empty just now, as it. was the time of the sumimer vacation, except that Dr. Lacy occu pied a room in one corner. Mr. Passavant went in, obtained an option on it, and got permission to unload his patients. Mr. Waters took charge of them, and so the hospital had a local habitation and a name in Pittsburgh, across the street from where it now stands.” Friends were soon interested, who raised the $5,500 needed to pay for the property. Pastor Theodore Fliedner then arrived from Kaiserwerth, bringing with him four deaconesses; and the building was formally operied and dedicated as the first Protes- tent hospital of America, July 13, 1849. While St. Luke’s- Hos- pital of New York has an older charter, the Passavant Hospital of Pittsburgh is several months older in point of actual service. It was then known as the “Pittsburgh Infirmary”, but this name was later changed to “Passavant Hospital’. Within a few years the work developed so rapidly that four acres of ground adjoining the Infirmary, were bought for $12,000, On this ground the present Passavant Hospital stands. For’ the “furtherance ot | this swork orm imnerey sat caer stitution of Protestant -Deaconesses” was organized, and incorporated under the laws of Pennsylvania, May 3, 1850. The edministration of the legal affairs of the corporation was com- nitted to a bosrd of managers, while the technical work was pl-ced.in.the hands of the sisters-and a, medical staff. Two little orphen girls were placed in the Infirmary in 1852, and the number was sradua lv increased until it became apparent that a separate building was a necessity. In September of 1852 a farm on the outskirts of Zelienople was bought from Joseph Ziegler, and the Orphans’ Home and Farm School established. The first building erected was the director’s home, which ‘is still standing near the main entrance to the grounds. This was built in 1853. The first main building was erected in 1854, to which the orphan boys of the Infirmary. were transferred. This orphanage holds the distinction of being the first Protes- tant orphanege of America. The first director was Rev. Gott- lieb Bassler, and the first matron was Sister Louisa Martens. Sister Louisa was a member of the First Church, Pittsburgh, end was the first deaconess consecrated in America. Doctor Passavant was deeply disappointed in not being able to persuade edusuUIy Jo aseueydig pue je}idsopy jueso}O1g 4sity 9y} JO sWIOF] AUVWAIANI HOUNESLLId AHL 102 HISTORY TOR SEE Ee Pils Wak bi aN 0010 larger numbers of the young women of the Church to enter the diaconate, and the Milwaukee Motherhouse was not organized until 1893. An orphanage for the girls was opened on a farm near Rochester in 1863, with Rev. Henry Reck as the first director. When the girls were taken to Zelienople Home in 1895, the Rochester institution was converted into a Home for Epileptics. While these institutions were not the property of the synod, but under the control of the Institution of Protestant Deaconesses, the churches of the synod recognized their Luth- eran character and gave them regular and generous support. During the first twenty-two years of her history, in spite of many differences on questions of faith and practice, the Pittsburgh Synod developed into a strong body of 67 pastors and 10,483 members. This development is shown in the follow- ing table: TABLE OR SY NODIGAIMPROGRESS 1845-1867 s © oS 5 E v SS ae yo |S) ol oon ae ee es pk eag 5 5 ras 1.2 xs as) iy ihe ee San Fe a D = 5 i xz 5 eo a i s = cB) iss) ae ose Ot So ° pay ee > al 1S) S wS] Ot fy YM EO 1845 8 26 222505 | 1846 16 64 4,162 | 245 6 197 10,082.28 1847 fee 58 4,335 308 14 136 7,389.01 1848 20 66 4,537 296 is 130 10,400.57 1849 22 80 4,499 403 17 _ 209 5,992.13 1850 Ze 89 oy | 476 19 146 4,813.00 1851 28 90 5,197 507 16 Lig 6,539.27 1852 30 101 5,122 694 29 | 65 14,687.27 1853 30 89 5,629 848 28 60 1 8,391.38 1854 BZ 85 5270 wal 522 39 247 1 13,317.86 1855 39 92 6,016 | 762 30 398 2 10,533.72 1856 37 101 7,473 | 305 25 202 12,072:02 1857 39 106 7,898 330 Zh 229 4 13,387.82 1858 42 110 7,366. 4} ~ 685 18 327 6 7,403.97 1859 48 | 106 7,624 470 11 282 5 8,566.14 1860 51 ish 7,507 Sid iS 310 vs 16,071.58 1861 eh 105 9,009 596 18 353 8 14,236.57 1862 AS 109 9,298 918 Ves 678 5 9,923.82 1863 48 1200 g14 °<8,895 1,063 | 29 679 5 19,887.69 1864 53 97 \- 8,659 1,106 22 Tie 5 23,426.71 1865* 52 99 |: 7,869. | 2,046 | 16 silane) 063 4 62,334.95 1866 62 1007 Pe 8)27 68 oe 13267 2seu) 640 3 27,769.65 1867 | 67 | 136} 10,483-)1" 1,501 - |: 30849) 626 bo. 4a e4Gea *Two meetings were held in 1865. CEA BALERS IV: AB els a ORAM EAD 1867 “To your tents, O Israel; now see to thine own house, David.” ZAIHE, Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran See Church was organized as an independent body; and AWA each pastor and congregation was accorded the Fae Vie right to support “such literary, theological or benev- eke olent institutions, without the limits of synod, as might best accord with their own views of duty.” The missionary funds of the synod were raised on her own terri- tory and administered by her officers. Early provision was made for the establishment of such academic institutions as would enable them to prepare candidates for the ministry. Representa- tives of many synods were at work on her territory; and an independent body seemed the best solution of the problem of gathering them into one synod. The doctrinal basis of the synod, as set forth in the preamble of the first constitution, adopted at Shippenville, June 5-10, 1845, was strangely vague and indefinite : “We, the bishops and lay-delegates of the Evangelical Lutheran Churches in the western counties of Pennsylvania and adjacent parts, acknowledging Jesus Christ as the Supreme and only Head of the Church, and the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments as the suf- ficient and only rule of faith and practice, and trusting in the protection of Almighty God and guidance of the Holy Spirit, do, in convention assembled at Shippenville, Clarion County, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1845, ordain and establish for our government as a Synod the following con- stitution.” When the time came for the adoption of a “Form of Con- stitution for the Government and Discipline of Churches’, at a special session in Brush Creek, October 14-18, 1847, the doc- trinal ambiguity of 1845 was corrected. The preamble of this “Form of Constitution”, recommended to the congregations, reads as follows: “We, whose names are undersigned, believing that the objects for which the Church was established by Jesus Christ, its Divine Founder and Head, can be secured only in an associate capacity, hereby solemnly form ourselves into a Christian Church. In doing this we receive the Augsburg Confession, the great Symbol of the Reformation, as the bond of union; but we acknowledge above all human creeds the Holy Scriptures as the only infallible and sufficient rule of faith and practice, and hereby pledge ourselves to God and to each other to be governed by the following constitution and discipline.” 104 HISTORY OF Dito Pili bs pW RCs wa) At this Brush Creek meeting, a resolution to unite with the General Synod was discussed for several hours and finally tabled. Some of the pastors were not favorable to the propo- sition ; and it was the earnest desire of all to preserve the unity of the synod.. Four years later, at a meeting in the North Washington Church, the motion to unite with the General Synod was renewed, but failed of adoption. A special com- mittee, appointed for the purpose of preparing a suitable minute of this action, reported as follows: “Your committee, upon whom was imposed the difficult and impor- tant task of setting forth the reasons which led to the rejection of the resolution to unite itself with the General Synod, would respectfully and briefly report as follows: 1. The objection on the ground of the General Synod’s doctrinal basis was waived by those who had previously objected on this account, as they conceive, after the time they have had for consideration, that such a union did not really commit the synod or themselves to any basis which it may have proposed, or which might not be adopted by this synod, and against which under any circumstances they could pro- ESE. 2. It was urged that it would cause distractions and divisions in some of our churches, and it would likewise shut us out to a large extent from exerting an influence on a large class of our population, and on a portion of the Church which it is our duty and desire to bless. 3. The objection, however, mainly urged was that the General Synod was identified with slavery; that delegates, being slaveholders, are admitted as members, and that we by uniting become implicated in the sin of slavery. This postion, though strenuously opposed even to the last, finally having excited the minds of some, influenced them to cast ee votes against the union, hence the resolution for the motion was lost.” The two parties in the Pittsburgh Synod, for and against union with the General Synod, were so evenly divided that the question was likely to be renewed at any time. It was the most urgent question in the synod of that day. Every new pastor was soon required to show his colors, and take one side or the other. * When; Rey. Michael Eyster was callédtow. 100 Church, Greensburg, his influence was eagerly sought by both parties. He was a debater of exceptional ability, and each side wanted to know how his influence and vote would be cast. His position was revealed at the Prospect convention, June. 1, 1852, in a manner highly pleasing to the friends of the General Synod. The convention was nearing a close; a number of pastors and delegates had gone home; the synod was discussing some resolu- tions of Doctor W. A. Passavant, relating to “union and coop- eration in the benevolent enterprises of the Church, and the reorganization of the Parent Education and Home Missionary Societies”, when Pastor Michael FEyster arose and offered the following amendments : “Resolved 1. That, in view of the wants of union and co- operation in the benevolent enterprises of the Church under existing circum- HISTORY OFTHE: PITTSBURGH (SYNOD 105 stances, it is the sense of this synod, that the Parent Education and Home Misionary Societies, which hold their meetings at the time and place of the General Synod, should be reorganized on such a basis and carried on upon such principles as would be equally satisfactory to all parts of the Church in the United States; thus uniting all our synods, if possible, in the support of these societies, as well as those which are not in connection with the General Synod as those which are; and that, whereas we most heartily desire such a union on such a basis, we at the same time make the necessary arrangements to unite, as a synod, with the General Synod at its next meeting in May, 1853. Resolved, 2. That we are prepared to unite with said Parent Edu- cation and Home Missionary Societies, so soon as they shall be organ- ized upon a basis which will be satisfactory to this body, and we can feel assured that they will aim earnestly and efficiently to undertake the work of beneficiary education and church extension in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States.” On the adoption of these resolutions, the following vote was taken by “yeas” and “nays” YHAS, 17. Clergy: Michael Eyster, George F..Ehrenfeld, A. C. Ehrenfeld, William S$. Emery, Solomon Weills, Joseph Welker, Eli Fair, Frederick Zimmerman, W. P. Ruthrauff, L. M. Kuhns. Laymen: John Kuhns, H. Wanamaker, $. Brocht, George Groom, John Piper, F. Kaylor, John Metzger. Neat apie Clereye Win (Passavant. “Gottheb iBassler, David Earhart, Jeremiah Fishburn, Herman Manz, Thomas steck, Michael Schweigert, H. C: Kaehler, William Berkemeier. Waymen: ‘Henry Muntz) J. Helfrich; F..W. Tuerk. In order to guard against any misunderstanding of the doctrinal significance of this action, as well as any misunder- standing of the position of the synod on the question of slavery, the following resolutions were then adopted: “Resolved, That whereas, the General Synod, according to the third section of the third article of its-const tution, does not arrogate to itselt the power to introduce any alteration in matters pertaining to the faith of the Church, the above action be in no wise regarded as an approval of the construction which has been put upon any of its writings, recom- mendations or acts, as though it had rejected any parts of the faith of the Church, as contained in the Augsburg Confession. Resolved, That, by uniting with the General Synod, we do not change our relations or position in regard to slavery, as defined in our printed minutes.” the tirst .delepates to the.General Synod, elected. by the Pittsburgh Synod, were the following: Clergy: Ceorge F. Fhrenfeld, William 5. Emery, Joseph Welker; Laymen: Henry Muntz, John Kuhns, Henry Graff. Two years after the Pittsburgh Synod became identified with the General Synod, Doctor Samuei S$. Schmucker of the Gettysburg Seminary prepared and ‘broadcasted the “Definite Platform”, recommended as an American substitute for the Augsburg Confession. This document charged the Augsburg Confession with five specific errors, and created a furor through- 106 HISTORY, OF *EEita Eo tales ik GE ee van c).) out the entire Church. Doctor Schmucker personally advised that it be discussed in conferences before being presented to synods for adoption. His leutenant in the Pittsburgh Synod was Pastor George F. Ehrenfeld, who laid the document before the Middle Conference at Worthington, but the ensuing dis- cussion degenerated into a wrangle, in which some of the pastors refused to participate. At the fall meeting of the Middle Conference in Bethel Church, the document was again presented for adoption, but a tie vote was the best that its advocates could secure. The action of the Middle Conference was brought to the attention of the Pittsburgh Synod at the Zelienople con- vention, May 22-28, 1856, when Doctor Charles Porterfield Krauth presented his memorable “Testimony of the Pittsburgh Synod”. The reading of this “TeStimony” created a profound impression upon all the members of the synod, one of the ad- vocates of the “Definite Platform” breaking down in tears as he listened to its heart-searching words. Only one pastor declined to vote for its adoption, Rev. Samuel B. Lawson not concurring with ~the latter part of the third “resolmion. seem: defeated the “Definite Platform’ on the territory of the Pitts- burgh Synod, and is generally regarded as one of the finest contributions to the doctrinal controversy of that day. TESTIMONY .OF THE SYNODSORSPET To B@E Gr “Whereas, Our Church has been agitated by proposed changes in the Augsburg Confession—changes whose necessity has been predicated upon alleged errors in that Confession; and Whereas, These changes and the charges connected with them, though set forth by individual authority, have been endorsed by some Synods of the Lutheran Church, are urged upon others for approval, and have been noticed by most of the Synods which have met since they have been brought before the Church; and Whereas, Amid conflicting statements, many who are sincerely de- sirous of knowing the truth are distracted, knowing not what to believe, and the danger of internal conflict and of schism is incurred; and Whereas, Our Synods are the source whence an official declaration in regard to things disputed in the Church may naturally and justly be looked for; we, therefore, in Synod assembled, in the presence of the searcher of hearts, desire to declare to our ‘churches and before the world our judgment in regard to these changes and these charges, and the alienation among brethren which may arise from them. Resolved, 1. That by the Augsburg Confession we mean that docu- ment which was framed by Melancthon, with the advice, aid and con- currence of Luther and the other great evangelical theologians, and presented by the Protestant Princes and Free Cities of Germany at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530. Resolved, 2. That while the basis of our General Synod has allowed of diversity in regard to some parts of the Augsburg Confession, that basis never was designed to imply the right to alter, amend or curtail the Confession itself. Resolved, 3. That while this Synod, resting on the Word of God as the sole authority in matters of faith, on its infallible warrant rejects the Romish doctrine of the real presence, or Transubstantiation, and DOCTOR CHARLES PORTERFIELD KRAUTH 108 HISTORY OF “TH ERee LES BURGH esy NOD with it the doctrine of Consubstantiation, rejects the Mass and all cere- monies distinctive of the Mass, denies any power in sacraments as an opus operatum, or that the blessings of Baptism and the Lord’s Supper can be received without faith, rejects Auricular Confessions and priestly Absolution, holds that there is no priesthood on earth except that of all believers, and that God only can forgive sins, and maintains the sacred obligation of the Lord’s Day; and while we would with our whole heart reject any part of any Confession which taught doctrines in i with this our Testimony; nevertheless, before God and his Church, declare that in our judgment the Augsburg Confession, properly eee: preted, is in perfect consistence with this our testimony, and. with the Holy Scriptures, as regards the errors specified. Resolved, 4. That while we do not wish to conceal the fact that some parts of the doctrine of our Confession, in regard to the sacra- ments, are received in different degrees by different brethren, yet that even in those points wherein we as brethren in Christ agree to differ till the Holy Ghost shall make us to see eye to eye, the differences are not such as to destroy the foundation of faith, our unity in labor, our mutual confidence and our tender love. Resolved, 5. That, now as we have ever done, we regard the Augs- burg Confession lovingly and reverently as the ‘good Confession’ of our fathers, witnessed before heaven, earth and hell. Resolved, 6. That if we have indulged harsh thoughts and ground- less suspicions; if we have without reason criminated or recriminated, we here humbly confess our faults before our adorable Redeemer, be- seeching pardon of him and of each other, and covenant anew ‘with him and with each other to know nothing among men but Jesus Christ and him crucified, acknowleding him as our only Master, and regard- ing all who are in the living unity of the faith with him as brethren. Resolved, 7. That we will resist all efforts to sow dissensions among us on the ground of minor differences, all efforts on the one hand to restrict the liberty which Christ has given us, or on the other to impair the purity of ‘the faith once delivered to the saints’, and that with new ardor we will devote ourselves to the work of the gospel, to repairing the waste places of Zion, to building up one another in holi- ness, and in pointing a lost world to the ‘Lamb of God’.. And that this our covenant with Christ and with each other is made in singleness of heart, without personal implication, duplicity of meaning, or mental res- ervation, we appeal to him before whose judgment bar we shall stand, and through whose grace alone we have hope of heaven.” This “Testimony” was received with great favor by the entire Church, and parts of it were adopted verbatim by the General Synod, when that body revised its doctrinal basis at York, Pa., May 12, 1864. During the time that Doctor Krauth was a pastor of the Pittsburgh Synod, 1856-1860, he did much to establish its doctrinal unity, and made many friends among both liberal and conservative churchmen. His article on The General Synod in “The Missionary” of April 30, 1857, was widely approved, but later made the basis of sharp attacks against the “Fundamental Principles of Faith and Polity’, pre- pared by him as the doctrinal basis of the General Council. There are many who regard the scholarship of Doctor Krauth as the most potent factor in the development of the life of the Pitts- burgh Synod. Other men exerted powerful influences, but HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 109 along other lines. ‘The influence of Doctor William A. Passa- vant can never be questioned. Through his journalistic and institutional work, he was in constant touch with all parts of the Church, within and without the General Synod. His wide acquaintance in the German and Scandinavian synods helped to create an atmosphere of Lutheran catholicity in the synod, so that the spirit of the body became steadily more cunserva- tive in both doctrine and practice. ‘The admission of twenty- nine German pastors to the synod, during the twelve years im- mediately preceding the rupture, gave strong support to this conservative movement. While there were many Lutheran congregations within the bounds of the Pittsburgh Synod at that time, which demanded a liberal type of pastor, the general trend of events was conservative. When the Franckean Synod was admitted to the General Synod in 1864, without first having adopted the Augsburg Confession, the Pittsburgh Synod dele- gation voted against the action. When President Samuel Sprech- er ruled against the immediate seating of the delegates of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania at Fort Wayne, May 17, 1866, the delegates of the Pittsburgh Synod united with a number of others in protesting the action. When the Ministerium of Penn- sylvania issued “An Address to All Evangelical Lutheran Synods, Ministers and Churches in the United States and Canada, Which Confess the Unaltered Augsburg Confession’, August 10, 1866, it found many sympathetic friends in western Pennsylvania. It was laid before the Pittsburgh Synod at Rochester, Pa., in 1866, in company with a counter address issued by the East Pennsyl- vania and West Pennsylvania Synods. Both papers, together with the report of the delegates to the Fort Wayne convention of the General Synod, were placed in the hands of a special com- mittee of the synod, which brought in the following resolutions: “Resolved, 1. ‘That, in excluding the Pennsylvania Synod’s delega- tion from the organization of the Fort Wayne Convention, the action of the General Synod was injudicious, unjust and unconstitutional. Resolved, 2. That, under the circumstances, the subsequent course of the delegation of the Pennsylvania Synod was right and proper. Resolved, 3. That we cordially accept the invitation extended through the ‘fraternal address’ of the Synod of Pennsylvania, and dur- ing the present convention elect delegates to represent this body in the proposed convention. Resolved, 4. That we adopt the report, and Aeacitly approve the action of our delegation to the General Synod. Resolved, 5. And, inasmuch as a trial of thirteen years fully satis- fies us that the objects sought in our connection with the General Synod have not been and cannot be accomplished through organization; and inasmuch as your committee is firmly persuaded that the General Synod, by its recent and previous actions, has shown itself unfaithful both to its own constitution and also to the Confession of the Church of Our Fathers; 110 Hist ORYeOFR Vi Eee ii dis BURG rigs YN.) That the action, which in 1852 resulted in our connection with the General Synod, be and hereby is revoked.” These resolutions were separately adopted by the following vote: Resolution 1, 54 yeas and 10 nays; Resolution 2, viva voce ; Resolution 3, 45 yeas to 26 nays; Resolution 4, viva voce; Resolution 75, SO yeas towZounays.) A SauInority= TéepoLmy 45 presented by Pastor Victor Miller and Joseph R. Titzel, which was ordered spread upon the minutes. The following delegates were elected to represent the synod in the proposed convention : Clergy: Gottlieb Bassler, W. A. Passavant, G. A. Wenzel, Henry W: "Roth; ibaymen tlenry evluntz,, Lous Thiel + Vionagwean Lane, P. F. McClarren. This convention met in Trinity Church, Reading, Pa., December 11-14, 1866. Pastor Gottlieb Bassler was elected president before he had arrived in the city. Professor Loy of the Joint Synod of Ohio preached the opening sermon. Sixteen synods were represented in this convention, which adopted the ‘Fundamental Principles of Faith and Church Polity”, prepared by Doctor Charles Porterfield Krauth, and appointed a committee to draft a constitution. This constitu- tion, which embodied the “Fundamental Principles”, was laid before the Pittsburgh Synod at the Greenville convention, Octo- ber 10-17, 1867, and there the last hard battle was fought by the contending narties to the bitter end. The chief interest centered in the adoption of the ““Fundamental Principles of Faith’’, which are given herewith in full: FUNDAMENTAL, PRINCIPLE RSSORS HALLE “1. There must be and abide through all time one holy Christian Church, which is the assembly of all believers, among whom the gospel is purely preached, and the holy sacraments are administered as the gospel demands. To the true unity of the Church, it is sufficient that there be agreement touching the doctrine of the gospel, that it be preached in one accord, in its pure sense, and that the sacraments be administered conformably to God’s Word. 2. The true unity of a particular Church, in virtue of which men are truly members of one and the same Church, and by which any Church abides in real identity, and is entitled to a continuation of her name, is unity in doctrine and faith and in the sacraments ,to wit: That she continues to teach and to set forth, and that her true members em- brace from the heart, and use, the articles of faith and the sacraments as they were held and administered when the Church came into dis- tinctive being and received a distinctive name. . 3. The unity of the Church is witnessed to, and made manifest in, the solemn, public and official Confessions which are set forth, to wit: the generic unity of the Christian Church in the general Creeds, and the specified unity of pure parts of the Christian Church in their specific Creeds; one chief object of both classes of which Creeds is that Chris= tians who are in the unity of the faith may know each other as such, and may have a visible bond of fellowship. 4. That Confessions may be such a testimony of unity and bond of union, they must be accepted in every statement of doctrine, in their Hin tORY OF Lok PrrosSBuRGH ‘SYNOD 111 own true, native, original and only sense. Those who set them forth and subscribe them must not only agree to use the same words, but must use and understand those words in one and the same sense. 5. The unity of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, as a portion of the holy Christian Church, depends upon her abiding in one and the same faith, in confessing which she obtained her distinctive being and name, her political recognition and her history. 6. The Unaltered Augsburg Confession is by preeminence the Con- fession of that faith. The acceptance of its doctrines, and the avowal of them without equivocation or mental reservation, make, mark and identify that Church, which alone, in the true, original, historical and honest sense of the term, is the Evangelical Lutheran Church. 7. The only Churches, therefore, of any land, which are properly in the unity of that communion, and by consequence entitled to its name, Evangelical Lutheran, are those which sincerely hold and truth- fully confess the doctrines of the Unaltered Augsburg Confession. 8. We accept and acknowledge the doctrines of the Unaltered Augsburg Confession, in its original sense, as throughout in conformity with the pure truth of which God’s Word ts the only rule. We accept its statements of truth as in perfect accordance with the Canonical Scrip- tures, reject the errors it condemns, and believe that all which it com- mits to the liberty of the Church of right belongs to that liberty. 9. In thus formally accepting and acknowledging the Unaltered Augsburg Confession, we declare our conviction that the other Con- fessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, inasmuch as they set forth none other than its system of doctrine and articles of faith, are of neces- sity pure and scriptural. Preeminent among such accordant, pure and scriptural statements of doctrine, by their intrinsic excellence, by the great and necessary ends for which they were prepared, by their his- torical position, and by the general judgment of the Church, are these: The Apology of the Augsburg Confession, the Smalkald Articles, the Catechisms of Luther, and the Formula of Concord, all of which are, with the Unaltered Augsburg Confession, in the perfect harmony of one and the same scriptural faith.” On the adoption of Principle ee the yea and nay vote stood as follows: pia Ose Cleeve Vlichael Kichler G. An Wenzel WA. Passavant, Gottlieb Bassler, David Earhart, otorime Soe te Michael Schweigert, William Berkemeier, J. K. Melhorn, George Gaumer, fens Reck, John Welfley, 5. W. Swingle, W. a Ulery, J. S. Lawson, J. J. Kucher, Henry Acker, Herman Gil- bert, ane Brenneman, C. F. Boehner, Carl Weck a ails lritz, iia elemcke eV ..©. Walsony JuGy Prubl-renry W, Roth, Jeleeonith Du NVeeKemerer, Jonathan arver, Henry E,. Jacobs, G. W. Frederick, G. Bachmann, J. A. Kunkelman, Samuel Laird, Franklin Richards, Lewis Hippee, and J. D. English. Laymen H. Derr, A. Louis Thiel, John McKee, George Karl, Samuel Zimmerman, H. VanDyke, Martin J. ‘Winkler, Jacob Trax, Henry Shaffer, G. D. Kughler, Herbert Otto, Samuel Eslin, Jacob Bowers, A. Treser, ~Philip Steiner, S. Mowl, Joseph Ramsey, Henry Jareckt, William Sherred, James A. Moorhead, hiz HISTORY OF STH Berl CPS BURGH Sx NOL Isaac Kelly, John Young, D. A. Foulke, J. N. Eckert, Frederick Donhouse, and Emanuel J. Schmauk. NAYS 2b7) tslerov. Gob ee brenreta-| re Wiareh ies eae W.. Stuckenberg, A). S$, MirWéry WE. Crebs,, Henrys Gathers, John A. Earnest) -David McKee, Victor Miller, Samueler: Barnitz, J. G. Goettman, A. M. Strauss, and S. F. Breckenridge. Laymen: David ‘Gibsen, Jacob Hahn, Isaac C. Smith, P: F: McClarren, George Kribbs, R. J. Eberhart, Henry K. Amsler, and John L. Remaley. The minority party thereupon prepared and presented to the synod the following protest and request: “Whereas, the majority of this Convention of the Pittsburgh Synod have adopted the ‘Fundamental Principles of Faith’, proposed by the convention held at Reading, December 12, 13 and 14, 1866, which prin- ciples we believe to be in conflict with the doctrinal position of this Synod, as stated in the Preamble of the Constitution; with the ‘Testi- mony of the Pittsburgh Synod’, adopted at Zelienople; with the great principles of liberty respecting all human authority in matters of faith, as established by Luther and the great Réformation of the Sixteenth Century; with the true spirit of the Lutheran Church; and with the Constitution of this Synod (Artiats, Dece2 ee Rheretore we, the under- signed, adhering to the original doctrinal position and Constitution of this Synod, impelled by the fear of God and by an imperative conviction of duty, respectfully beg leave to withdraw from this Convention of Synod, leaving it to the guidance of our Heavenly Father to determine in the future what course to pursue.” CLERGY LAYMEN pie ooasakiiia H. K. Amsler AA >, Maller David Gibson A.M. Strauss Isaac como S. F. Breckenridge Jacob Hahn A es AS tes ahi John S. Remaley J]. G. Goettman Peter Graff Nat ie Cress * George Kribbs J. H.W: Stuckenberg H. Gathers CoM ee hrenrerd ‘This paper was referred to a special committee of the synod, which returned the following answer: “Your committee, to whom was referred the paper presented to Synod during the morning session, signed by a number of members, both clerical and lay, who had voted with the minority in the various questions relating to the ‘Principles of Faith’, would respectfully report as follows 1. The paper is drawn up in very respectful language, and demands of us the most kind and fraternal consideration and answer. 2. It contains a request to be permitted to ‘withdraw from this convention of Synod, leaving it to the guidance of our Heavenly Father to determine in the future what course to pursue’, with the reason for such request, viz: _ That, believing the action of this body to be in conflict with its doc- trinal postion, as stated in the Preamble of the Constitution, with the CHURCH OF THE RUPTURE HOLY TRINITY CHURCH, GREENVILLE, PA. 114 HISTORY OF “PHRF e TS BURGE Sy NOD ‘Testimony’ of the synod adopted at Zelienople, with the principles of liberty respecting all human authority in matters pf faith, as established by Luther and the great Reformation of the 16th century, with the true spirit of the Lutheran Church, and with the Constitution of this Synod CATUN Le Secarzy) For want of time your committee could not possibly enter into an argument to show the erroneousness of the positions taken by the signers of the petition. Only two need be referred to: 1. That it is against the doctrinal position as set forth in the Pre- amble. This cannot be, because in the very confessional writings re- ferred to in the ‘Principles of Faith’, the principles laid down in the Pre- amble of our Constitution are most emphatically stated and acknowl- edged. 2. But, if this be correct, then the last reason, that it is in conflict with Art. 13, Sec. 2, of the Constitution, must fall to the ground, as there is no change of the Constitution. The other reasons the com- mittee must declare of no force, but cannot possibly take time to argue, especially as we think that their fallacy has been abundantly shown dur- ing the discussion of the questions referred to. Your committee would, therefore, propose the following, viz: Resolved, That for the reasons above given, it is impossible for this body to grant the request of the petitioners.” The original report of this committee contained a recom- mendation that the petitioners be given the privilege to with- draw, but an amendment was offered from the floor, inserting the negative. While this amendment was being debated, Pastor John G. Goettman, the true leader of the minority, walked down the aisle of the church and asked for the original protest. This being granted, the petitioners held a short conference, and re- turned the protest with the words “beg leave to” stricken out. The entire minority party then withdrew and held a meeting in the office of Doctor Martin. Upon the invitation of Rev. J. W. Schwartz, then pastor of the Worthington Parish but still a member of the Alleghany Synod, it was resolved to meet in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Worthington, December 4, 1867. Eleven pastors and ten laymen composed the Worthing- ton convention, which adopted the following resolution: “Whereas, it is our firm conviction that the action taken by us at Greenville, Pa., was right, therefore Resolved, That we hereby confirm that action, and are in duty bound to regard ourselves as the Pittsburgh Synod, and will continue the same, with its original doctrinal position, constitution and name.” The following officers were chosen under the old constitu- tion: Rev. George F. Ehrenfeld, president; Rev. Samuel B. Barnitz, secretary; Rev. John G. Goettman, missionary presi- dent; and Christian Yeager, treasurer. While they were never in possession of the a aha charter, and knew that they had for- feited their charter rights by withdrawal and reorganization, they firmly believed that they had certain moral and historic rights to the name, and held fast to it through many years. Big tORy OPC THE: Pit rspORGH SYNOD te Kev. J. H. W. Stuckenberg was elected to represent them in the (*eneral Synod convention at Harrisburg, Pa., May 7-14, 1868, and he was seated as the delegate of the “Original Pittsburgh Svnod”. Before the Worthington convention adjourned, a com- mittee was appointed to prepare and broadcast a “Pastoral Letter’, setting forth the position of the minority body on the issues of the day. Inasmuch as this document is a fair state- ment of the General Synod position of that time, it is given in full. PASTORAL ADDRES. “Christian brethren: ‘Grace be unto you and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ’. The ‘unity of the Spirit’ in our Zion is violently disturbed, and ‘the bond of peace’ broken. Schism has divided the Lutheran household of faith. The cause of this rupture may be traced back to the early his- tory of our Church. Then, as now, a class of men existed who essayed to define Lutheranism with all possible strictness, and endeavored to deprive Christians of freedom of conscience—the very life-principle of the Reformation. Luther himself, never favoring the binding authority of creeds, did not unite with these extremists, but advocated toleration and evangelical liberty. After his death the symbolical tendency became more general and powerful, and in 1577 the Symbolists succeded in securing the adoption of the Form of Concord by a considerable part of the Lutheran Church. This stringent adherence to the symbols soon resulted in a dead orthodoxy and a sterile theology of words. About the middle of the 17th century, Spener, followed by Franke and others, returned to the Scriptures as the living source of all saving knowledge, and taught that true Lutheranism consisted not in the confession of a dead orthodoxy, but in ‘an inner living theology of the heart and a dem- onstration thereof in true piety of life’. Therefore, while devout Chris- tian men loved the Lutheran Church, they had no sympathy with ex- treme symbolists, by whom they were bitterly persecuted and ridiculed as Pietists. Educated at Halle, the university of the Pietists, and in- spired by the spirit of liberty, zeal and piety of these godly men, Dr. Muhlenberg and other Lutheran ministers came to this country and founded the Lutheran Church—not upon the basis of rigid symbolism, but upon the liberal and evangelical principles of the Reformation. This was the prominent and characteristic feature of the American Lutheran Church. Upon these great principles the General Synod was organized in 1821. Almighty God favored and prospered this blessed organization, so that, previous to the rebellion, it had become by far the largest and most influential Lutheran body that ever existed in this country. In 1853, the Pennsylvania Ministerium, after a separation of thirty years, again united with the General Synod; but it soon proved a discordant element in the organization, and at the late convention in Fort Wayne, Indiana, want of harmony resulted in an open rupture. The decision of the President at this convention was ‘only the occasion’ of this rupture, ‘the real cause’ was dissatisfaction on the part of the Pennsylvania Ministerium with the doctrinal basis of the General Synod. Soon after the separation, the former body took the initiatory steps to form a new general organization, and, at a convention held in Reading, Pa., certain ‘Fundamental Principles of Faith’ were proposed to district Synods, by which all who adopt them agree: 1. “To embrace from the heart, and use the articles of faith and sacraments as they were held and administered, when the (Lutheran) Church came into distinctive being and received a distinctive name’. 116 HISTORY OF Pree iia BURG ries YIN OD 2. To accept the confessions in every statement of doctrine ‘in their own true, native, original and only sense’, agreeing to use not only the same words, but to use them in one and the same sense. 3. To receive not only the Unaltered Augsburg Confession, but also all the other symbolical books, as in perfect harmony with the Con- fession ‘of one and the same scriptural faith’. These ‘Fundamental Principles of Faith’ were considered and finally adopted by a majority of the convention of the Pittsburgh Synod, held at Greenville, Pa. This action of the majority was in direct conflict with the Con- stitution of the Synod, which does not give binding authority to the symbols of the Church, but acknowledges the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments as the sufficient and only infallible rule of faith and practice. This action of the majority is in conflict with the ‘Testimony of the Pittsburgh Synod’; adopted at Zelienople, Pa., in 1856, by which ‘Testi- mony’ the Synod confirmed the liberal doctrinal basis of the Preamble of its Constitution, which is in perfect harmony with the liberal and evangelical basis of the General Synod. This action of the majority is in direct conflict with the spirit and design of the founders of the Pittsburgh Synod—with the great prin- ciples of liberty, respecting all human authority in matters of faith, as established by Luther and developed in this land of civil and religious freedom. And finally, this action of the majority is a direct violation of the Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 2, which provides that any alteration made must ‘ be set forth in writing at an annual meeting of Synod, in the precise words which are to be altered, added or omitted, and be incor- porated in the minutes: and provided, that at the next annual meeting of the Synod three-fourths of all the members present agree to the pro- posed change’. In view of these facts,.we,'though in the minority, claim to be the Pittsburgh Synod—for we have resolved, by the help of God, to con- tinue its existence under the original Constitution and doctrinal basis, both of which have been violated and abandoned by the majority, who, consequently, cannot be regarded as the Pittsburgh Synod. Until re- cently, the history of our Synod has been marked with peace, unity and prosperity. There were no ‘contentions’ nor ‘divisions’ among us. Ac- cording to the ‘Testimony’, proposed by Doctor Krauth and adopted un- der the most impressive circumstances, ‘though some parts of our noble Confession were received in different degrees by different brethren, even in those points wherein we as brethren in Christ agreed to differ, till the Holy Ghost should make us see eye to eye; the differences were not such as to destroy the foundation of faith, our unity in labor, our mutual confidence, and our tender love.’ We resisted all efforts to sow dissensions among us on the ground of these minor differences—all efforts, on the one hand, to restrict the liberty which Christ has given us, or,,on the other, to. impair the purity of the faith once delivered to the saints. We devoted ourselves to the work of the Gospel, to repair- ing the waste places of Zion, to building up one another in holiness, and in pointing a lost world to ‘the Lamb of God’. But prominent members of our Synod, having been estranged from this liberal and Christian spirit of forebearance, urged and finally secured the adoption of princi- ples of faith, which demand the most unqualified adherence to all the symbolical books. Although we, the minority, were willing to abide by the above liberal prinicples, which did not prevent the strict adhe- rence of our brethren to the symbols, they, on the contrary, notwith- standing our most earnest entreaties and protestations, adopted princi- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 117 ples in direct conflict with the Constitution and doctrinal basis of Synod —principles so illiberal as to exclude us from all fraternal relations with them in the same synodical body. We have made no change, and de- sire none. We simply ask that the Pittsburgh Synod shall continue what it has been. But these brethren, yielding to the influence of sym- bolism, have become dissatisfied with their former position, and, as they are no longer with us, have gone out from our midst—forsaken us who remain faithful to the spirit of liberty and toleration in which our Synod was originally organized, and through which, by the blessing of God, we have enjoyed for many years the highest degree of peace, unity and prosperity. Christian brethren, having called your attention to these facts, we entreat you to consider seriously and prayerfully the cause and nature of this lamentable schism, and to decide, in the fear of God, your future relations as members of the Lutheran Church. We have become two bands. There is no middle ground. He that is not with us is against us. The questions at issue are before you. They are questions of truth, right and liberty—questions of the most vital importance to our beloved Church. Will you cast in your influence with those who are endeavoring to force the Church back to rigid symbolism; to a stringent and unqualified adherence to all the symbolical books; to that phase of Lutheranism which prevailed in the Missouri and similar Synods? Or will you continue in connection with that porton of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, which accepts the Augsburg Confession reverently, as the ‘good Confession’ of our fathers, but does not burden the con- sciences of brethren by requiring unqualified adherence, in every par- ticular word and statement of non-fundamental doctrines? Will you labor and pray with that portion of our Church which God has so abun- dantly favored and blessed; which has nurtured vital orthodoxy, preached the simple gospel of Christ as the power of God unto salva- tion, encouraged prayer meetings and special seasons of grace, and abounded in every good work and word for the Lord? Let no man deceive you in these things. As members of the Lutheran Church, we have been reinstated into the glorious liberty of the children of God. We are in bondage to no man. One 1s our Master, even Christ. This principle of liberty 1s one of the strongest bonds of union in our Church. When men violently lay hold of this bond, the body of Christ is rent; discord, contention and division follow. They declare war against the very life-principles of the Reformation. They seek to wrest from us that precious liberty which inspired Luther at the Diet of Worms, where he declared that he would not, and could not, retract what he had written, unless it was proven from the Scriptures that he was in error, concluding with the noble declaration, ‘Here I stand; I cannot do otherwise; God help me, Amen’. Let us stand fast in the possession and defense of this inestimable inheritance. Let us walk worthy of the vocation wherewith we are called, ‘with all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering, forbearing one another in love; endeavoring to keep the unity of the spirit in the bonds of peace’. ‘Stand fast, therefore, in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage. Amen.” Along the line of this pastoral letter the battle of the two synods was pitched. In many communities it was a daily battle, prolonged through many bitter years. The men of the General Council were as fully persuaded of the justice of their cause as were the men of the General Synod; and many things were said and done on both sides that should never have been encouraged or permitted. The heaviest burden of this unseemly strife fell 118 HISTORY*OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD upon the congregations of Armstrong County, where the two parties were about equally divided. In some instances the weak- er party was soon crushed or absorbed by the stronger, but in others the congregations were hopelessly divided, and carried their troubles into the civil courts. Harsh invective was the order of the day. Enmities were established that closed only in death. One General Council pastor was burned in effigy before the parsonage door by a group of angry parishioners. Doctor Henry Hi tHallshas left the following statement of his experi- ences as a Leechburg pastor: “T remember very well how we regarded the opposite side as fanatics and errorists, misguided and blind, and when we met them looked at them askance. We thought they were a set of usurpers, and did not deserve our confidence. We were sure that they were in the wrong, and we meant to show them. Those were wonderful times, and, as in Revolutionary days, even the boys at school were either Whigs or Tories in the stoutest fashion, so we were all Synod or Coun- cilwatheall ourehearts.- Rev. Lewis M. Kuhns, a former pastor of Hebron Church, Leechburg, returned from Ohio to the Kiskiminetas Valley to help fight the battles of the General Synod. Many of his ex- periences have also been preserved in writing, and give us a graphic picture of the church life of that period. 25“Being familiar with the territory and the churches, I was left free to operate it in my own way. Whenever opportunity offered and neces- sity seemed to require, I went, supplying vacancies, discussing the ques- tions at issue, etc. I put in three months of hard and trying work, trav- elling over a large part of the Pittsburgh Synod’s territory. Some- times I was called upon to attend conference meetings, held by the opposite party in vacant congregations, to defend the General Synod when assailed, but in such cases I was generally ruled out from any part in the discussion, and had to have my say after the conference ad- journed. A meeting of this kind was appointed to be held in the church at Maysville. The council of the church notified me of it, and gave me a special invitation to attend -and defend the General Synod when as- sailed and misrepresented. I heard that they were having Rev. H. W. Rcth, of Pittsburgh, attend as one of the speakers, so I got Rev. J. A. Earnest, of Kittanning, and Prof. S$. F. Breckenridge, then of Leech- burg, to go with me. We were there in time for the opening of the conference in the morning. The only item of business transacted was the adoption of a resolution, prohibiting our party from any participa- tion whatever in the proceedings. Then the discussion commenced, the speakers being Roth, McKee and Sarver. Our party, upon consultation, agreed that we would not interfere in any way, but would have our say when they adjourned. Then we sat there quietly through the day, lis- tening. In the evening, when they adjourned, the speakers hurried to get out, but before they had time to do so I rose and stated to the con- gregation that we had come there at the request of the officers of the church to defend the General Synod in the conference, but not being allowed to do so we had sat in silence and now would make our reply —For complete letter of Rev. L. M. Kuhns see Historical Collections of the Piicburen Synod in the library of the Historical Society, Gettysburg, Pa. His TORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 119 and defense in the evening, and that all who wished to hear the other side of the questions discussed should come out at seven-thirty o’clock. When we got to the church at the appointed hour in the evening, we found it full. The whole community round about seemed to be there, making a much larger attendance than our antagonists had had during the day. We did not get through with our say until about twelve o'clock at night, and every one stayed to hear us through to the finish. I will narrate one more incident of my three months of mission work on the territory of the Pittsburgh Synod. This occurred shortly before my time was up, and I was about to return to my peaceful field in Ohio. What was known as the Forks Church, about four miles from Leech- burg, was without a pastor. It was somewhat divided but the majority ot the people were on our side, while the majority of the church council trained with the other side. I was invited by a large number of the members to preach there, and I accordingly made an appointment for a certain Sunday. My rule was never to discuss these disputed questions at the Sunday appointments, except under extraordinary circumstances. I went to the appointment, expecting to preach a plain gospel sermon. I got there early and went into the Sunday School. The superintendent requested me to address the school and conduct the closing exercises. At the close of my address, and when about to close the school, a mem- ber of the council stepped up and handed me a paper. I glanced over it and found it to be an officially signed document, forbidding me to preach in the church, and threatening to use forcible means to prevent it if I persisted in doing so. A large congregation had in the meantime assembled, the weather being delightful. I read the paper to the con- gregation, and then stated that the clause threatening me with forcible ejectment was entirely unnecessary; that, while it did not alarm me in the least, I was a law-abiding citizen, and as this paper was an official notice, served on me not to occupy the pulpit, whatever view I might have as to its wisdom, I would not disregard it, but at the close of the Sunday School would peaceably retire to the highway in front of the church, and, in the great temple which God had provided, would hold services. I also stated that I had come there intending to preach a plain gospel sermon, without any direct allusion to the question at issue be- tween the parties, but, as I was denied this privilege in the church by a few, who for the time being held the reins of official authority, I would change my purpose and take up these dividing questions for discus- sion, and that those so desiring could withdraw with me. By the time I got out I found the fences and grass covered with people. The offi- cers, who had denied me the use of the church building went around fastening the window shutters and doors and then hurried away. Every- one else remained. We opened the service in the usual way. I an- nounced some old familiar hymns which the people sang with a will. Then I took this passage for my text: “This I confess to: you, that, after the way they call heresv, so worship I the God of my fathers’. I went right into the discussion, speaking for nearly two hours, receiving a shower of congratulations which amounted to an ovation, many express- ing regret that I had not spoken longer, and others surprised that I had let the fellows off so easy who had forbidden me the church.” These statements of Pastors H. H. Hall and L. M. Kuhns, deleted of much of their partisanism, still plainly indicate the in- tense feeling that prevailed in many Lutheran communities for several years after the rupture at Greenville. It would be a false history, unworthy of acceptance by future generations, that did not make this fact plain. It was a dark cloud that hung over the churches of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1868, but still there was a 120 HISTORY‘ OF Vibe PIT PSBURGHeS YN) light in the cloud. ‘The results of this bitter controversy were not unmitigated evil. In many communities, the holy Scriptures and the catechisms of Luther were studied as never before. ‘Tradition says that questions relating to the history of Lutheran dogmatics were discussed in many village stores, and that some of the more intelligent laymen could quote Luther, Melanchthon, Gerhard, and Chemnitz as freely as the average Christian can quote St. Paul. It not only produced an intelligent constituency, which made a strong development of the Church of the Refor- mation possible, but also showed the leaders of the Church what things are to be avoided in settling the differences that arise among Lutherans. While the synodical bodies were severely estranged for nearly half-a-century, they cultivated their com- mon field with an intensity of purpose that might not have been so marked had they been united in one communion. CHAPTER V THE GENERAL COUNCIL STREAM 1868-1919 “The glory of this latter house shall be greater than the former.” =H E first convention of the Pittsburgh Synod after the Greenville rupture was held in Erie, September 30-October 5, 1868. Despite the withdrawal of the General Synod forces, it enrolled 60 pastors, 104 churches and 8,507 members. The following table represents their strength: | | an toes Pastor Parish reas Ve ice SA'S Pvc haeie Wolters fete. Altooiartot jAine@s sche eee 1| 109 Py Odie Welle yee aca cte ona PTO LLG ee ee ie Wd ah, Bree eee 3} 80 SiVVal er aSSavVallt. crete t. Dadehieatacts taeda een co eee ks eval ds Is POPP VV Mey Wilt lon etost ant mes rantonvillern. Wik Vide i} ol boll) enue Ler Gable te ek ees Betaletiem ye eet ee ee Leu 20 ie) RCL ah pm ee Sa Bh be ae ae ited er eee |e PLH (ath bot Auimeal Oat Cp eater Fy a ne ae Bln BO POA HAN Oo ATVELY Wis. cee Ase Leechburg _......... eel a Sc naebee, 3° Peron 10 Sieore@e. GaumMen yj crete aarmand Meditiant.O higwan2 4. oes Se ee Pal AeLO3 AD i Eslanal S158 9 eG Selaker ys Oa” Geena be erm! Pittsburgh? cum Reter:s ee. G yrolt, al ZO ATA [PROBES eka ie meet ¢ eee ve Se ene oe Brie pene itstise bs cel tee wanes bel 1} 6180 River tae Denner: ceo ca meee a, Ierieiaas tak O01 Si)2t oc het e | 1] 400 PRE etcy VN CKEL oc2 cet ane eee YE ere | nye ppniae’) T OI nee WEY ais (seo. 170 PSC ASHTICT. Dalian cAtciccueiia, Fort, Wayne, St. John’s.2.4...... | 1} »:500 14|Samuel Wagenhals 00... Barts Waynes rity) petks. wes fae ier 35 ele tae CLNOF Ne hc tan hae PLeCepOLewani am ct tee Lea, | 3] 284 iM ag ASG EAT a eR Be aac (SOPCN SOULS ete nas ee tie ie acl 290 TPM CLOT DOL so dntoteoneiemen TN iatiaee Wier yates ae eet te PELs Ol) PST Om EL Ti bDSs label ee erase Kittanning ote: john’ sis.o2. eit tay 0 ROG eA Reicher tic east satin Kigtinninets britity, ues cand VET be OO Oi Mschael pRuChlere ee WET COT OUI Yate even in an cee Pa oie 203 PPnsaaom Drenneman casket Whbstertawiin ils ate hes eel oo Pei ara accwel pic isi Cee NeVariGa Stleniiaias dcr eas RY AT AGT ots! Ba ree me temabachves. 92.10 wo Rochester, German occccccccecce Opis | a vn Pap aiiitel Mitnhird See welche Hitisbtireli sab insti tenet. eins 1| 250 ONE VV ETZEL oe eld eee eee Piteburehy Geran ia. tek. 1| 140 BO} SIia AW LLID DCE tees crete le POS DCC terest tee ee ig ol 3| 248 BT oe De eLzerinn,t so at A oe . Redesivani lem eee. cob. bts te 5} 245 Po TV EOE WON OOKe tied) ied ete Mochesterv Grace Alisdeds cele: Ve ADAG OT ek O e T kt nt pieeeleae ae Rested. Sad! Delimonrern wiemeesate. eels 3| 495 BO ohne) panhle. seek oe es Steubenville, German. ...........-.+ 1| 140 TIT Ae Ley POs | Re ol a SUID DET vill ee Bee Sia WiLL 5| 324 a2ikierman Gilberts oe Prandise cae ke ke, ARO 3| 207 122 HisloORYsOr THE SRULSbURGH RO YNOD 33) Devi Kerrer erties aac enee VGHAN Ota el eon nla ae 3). tOS S4 Alb LC Benzo ta ee beeen ae Widt Tetra Pinstee® gone fo6 ee | 1| 260 JO) Hs (ES Venicken see eee WIESE SIN WiGiil ie abate cacao 3| 268 36] G.* COMET edi ch aera semen VWielstem (Chit. Gord eee ace Ser G 37 | F.C. Sani cee ee eee Wheeling ¢; Zion ip neha eee 1| 400 35) MO Konkel a eee fAAt Caney a) (o- Gone ae ne, Pea Poel, 39) Henry oh, Ul acohste cetera Allépneny VV alley. ot 2| - 40 40| Henry (W)URoth seme ee ItISDIReIT ee DOUtH: 45 10Gr eee 1; 106 41)Prank. (Richards sipped see cores GHICagO Sel lee e se ees it nee 1| 34 AZ) William or) SW) er yee eee Grech ville eA ea ee, cee Ligkeos A3\ Herman’ #ho erst ee pale yess Cie tetas, A een i ee 3) 120 A44|Michael Schweigert .00000uu. Monongahela Valley. .5....0.7s eZee ba 45|GustavesbDachtvar ssa see NashvaliemaGerman ties eee eae 1} 106 AG! J Me Toro ee ie ate ies eee Newyjebanon. .aie oe) reen eA ant 92 6 AZ) Js Me Hatitz oes eee SGA IVILLE eee te ne te ee 2 ens 48) Joseph? Welker: eee ee Graton eV Via ke eae C2 tae) 49 'A braham > W eillss =. ee NGS RATISh i¢ci) nS: Cee | SON ee Oo Nn Malthiere ste ee Nom Ranshs a9¢ ti, .cdeee ie ee eee SI AB ee Breckentidces cee ae IN ORM Y1 SDS eet Me ii 52|William Berkemeier 0... INOUE ALiShee sans ee ene | SOM ie WBN dmered ets fT zi Sa Neorebarich ic its ees 2k oe S41 WoeBooBachtel lie ne. see NG atish | nth eae eee ee | Sdn EEE CO Vschierenbeck. anaes Nowe abishy 25.64 cae oe ene | 56) Asan Elarris sVWatets aaa Nome arish :< 8m ce eee | 57. JacoDe. ela wWsOlleeee eee ING Batiste ate ee ee 530). David SM ckcerin emer IN OP arish "cn, tans eee ne | 59) Wilham “Ov “Wiksonseaa eee INGas Parish ppicaay oie eee eae | 60)Gr UW. Predérichin.22 eee NO SRariSh vx. eae ened here Oli: Vacant) 2202 pe ae Hranklin, Graces.) oa pees AG my 742) OZ Viacan tig -4ebaeee cee eee Knoxville SGerman: 25 Liat GSI Vacant: 20 Wee ee ee ee Pinencreek, “ote Olan Sie arares pace G4) Vi aican bie ce ae ee cian ae Donegal 2 aoe or ease SS Shee OS) Vacant - te Ree ee ae ete Charters, OW tat Cal vat vane eee Lit OOLN aeart es ee on eae Forks Zi0tl (eee ees lis izs ; 104|8,507 Three churches of Apollo Parish and three of Shippenville Parish withdrew soon after to unite with the General Synod, so that the actual strength of the synod was represented in ninety-eight churches. The actual number of pastors was fifty- eight, since Pastor Abraham Weills withdrew to unite with the General Synod, and Pastor G. A. Reichert retained his mem- bership in the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. Sharp language was used in this convention concerning the work of the minority synod, for men were deeply stirred by the bitter controversy of the times. ‘The general spirit of the body is shown in the following report of the Committee on Absentees : “The paper placed in the hands of the committee is that part of the President’s report, referring to the formation of an ecclesiastical body at Worthington, Pennsylvania, December 4-7, 1867, within the bounds of this synod. It will be recollected that, at the convention of the Pitts- burgh Synod held at Greenville, October 10-17, 1867, a paper was pre- sented, signed by ten ministers and seven laymen, in which, and for reasons assigned therein, they ‘respectfully beg leave to withdraw from this convention of synod’. The fallacy of their reasoning was shown by the committee to whom the paper was referred, and the request of HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 123 the petitioners was denied by the synod. Subsequently, the same per- sons again presented the same document to synod, only so altering it that, instead of saying they ‘respectfully beg leave to withdraw,’ they state that they ‘respectfully withdraw from this convention of the Pittsburgh Synod’. In the following December, these same ministers, together with a few others, and a number of laymen, met at Worthing- ton, Pa., and united in organizing a body which they style ‘The Pitts- burgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church’, a name which, by the authority of an act of incorporation, belongs only to this synod. It is also well known that some of the signers of the document above re- ferred to, together with others consorting with them, have gone among our congregations and endeavored to distract and divide them by mis- representation and trickery, assailing our Confessions and wantonly slandering our ministers, thereby causing great sorrow and trouble in the Church of Christ. Especially is it to be regretted that men, for- merly in connection with us and acting with us, should place themselves before the Church in such a false position as that which they have assumed, in taking the name and therewith claiming the corporate rights and privileges of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, a name, rights and privileges thereto pertaining, which they have publicly acknowledged belongs not to them but to us. This acknowl- ment they have made in the following acts: a. At the convention at Greenville, they united in the election and recognized the authority of the officers of the synod, who continued in office after the withdrawal of the petitioners, and until the election of their successors at the present convention. b. The former secretary of this synod, who was one of those who withdrew and united in the convention at Worthington, some time after the formation of that body, gave up the corporate seal of the Pitts- burgh Synod into the hands of our present English Secretary, thereby acknowledging ‘that it is the property of this synod and not of their organization. c. In the paper which they presented upon their withdrawal at Greenville, and to which they signed their names, they recognized this body as the Pittsburgh Synod by speaking of ‘this. convention of the Pittsburgh Synod’, ‘the constitution of this synod’, and stating that they ‘withdraw from this convention of the synod’. In taking a name, therefore, which they thus publicly have ac- knowledged of right to belong to us, they have placed themselves in a position which is absurdly false and deceptive, and they thereby brand themselves as imposters. Such action is lawless and sinful, and, unless rebuked and corrected, will lead to additional trouble and evil to the Church. It is incumbent on this synod to vindicate her claims and mantain her right, so that her churches suffer no loss, and the cause of Christ be not hindered. Your committee therefore recommend the following action: Resolved, Inasmuch as the, following ministers, towit: S. B. Barn- itz, A. S. Miller, A. M. Strauss, S. F. Breckenridge, J. Wright, J. G. Goettman, G. F. Ehrenfeld, W. E. Crebs, J. H. W. Stuckenberg, H. Gathers and J. A. Earnest, assembled at the meeting held at Worthing- ton, December 4 to 7, 1867, and then and there assumed the corporate title of this synod, that their names be stricken from our roll. Resolved, That the officers of the synod be a committee to take proper steps to enjoin the men meeting at Worthington from using the corporate title of the Pittsburgh Synod, if necessary prosecuting the case before the civil courts, and that they be authorized to call upon the treasurer for all funds required to meet their expenses”. PRESIDENTS OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD, GENERAL COUNCIL, 1868-1890 1. George Anton Wenzel 2. Henry Warren Roth 3. Samuel Laird 4. William Frederick Ulery 5. William Alfred Passavant §. Edmund Belfour 7. John Kauforth Melhorn 8. John Alleman Kunkleman HLiSTORY OF THe PITTSBURGH SYNOD 125 In spite of this strong action, the fact remains that neither of the two synods ever spent any money vindicating its position before a civil court. ‘The plaintiffs and defendants of all the church cases of western Pennsylvania were the contending parties of the divided congregations; and the final verdict in every instance was rendered according to legal and not ecclesi- astical standards. One great advantage of the majority body was found in the sympathetic interest of a large number of conservative churches of the Joint Synod of Ohio occupying the same territory. It will be recalled that the four strong churches ot the Greensburg Parish, which united with Pastor Michael J. Steck in the formation of the Pittsburgh Synod, were taken into the fellowship of the Ohio Synod by Pastor Jonas Mechling. After the death of Pastor Mechling in 1868, all of the West- moreland County congregations of the Ohio Synod began to look toward the Pittsburgh Synod for their future ministers. The first break in their ranks came in 1875, when Brush Creek, Manor and Hill’s-were transferred. First Church of Greens- burg came in 1882; Ligonier, Latrobe, Youngstown, Derry and Trauger in 1883; Harold’s in 1884; Mount Pleasant, Alverton and St. John’s in 1885. While the accession of these thirteen churches, with their 2,216 members, gave great encouragement to the Pittsburgh Synod, considerable irritation was caused in the Ohio Synod. The result was a meeting of representatives of the two bodies at Pittsburgh, August 20, 1885, when the following agreement was reached. “1. That neither shall induce, solicit, or even encourage ministers, congregations, or individual members of congregations, to leave their synod and unite with the other. 2. That neither pastors, nor congregations, nor individual members of congregations, shall be received without having first obtained regular and honorable dismissal. 3. That, should cases arise in which such dismissal is believed to be withheld unjustly or without sufficient reason, conference shall be had, and the facts ascertained by a committee of each synod: before final action shall be taken.” During the course of the period, 1867-1919, a number of other Ohio Synod congregations, some in Ohio and others in Pennsylvania, were transferred to the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘Three Pittsburgh Synod congregations were transferred to the Ohio Synod during the same time. In only two instances did these transfers lead to civil suits: Meadville and Drakes Mills, where contending factions took their troubles to the court of Crawford County. In the latter case, the Joint Synod party attempted to show that the Pittsburgh Synod was not a true Lutheran Synod. 126 Hh EQRY—O PEERS isL beliss Usk Gr Glan Von Ci) The court appointed J. Newton McCloskey as master in evt dence, who rendered the following report, January 13, 1873. “There does not appear to be an appreciable distinction between the religious tenets and doctrinal basis adopted and taught by both the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and the Evangelical Luth- eran Synod of Pittsburgh. In fact, their faith and worship are identi- cal. We can therefore, from all the evidence cited in this case, discover no radical change of faith and doctrine by the respondents, who com- pose a majority of the original congregation, or ‘succession of owners’, and have not by their acts, professions, practices, charter of incorpora- tion, ceased to be a Lutheran Congregation and become alienated and estranged from the ancient faith, discipline, usages and customs of the founders of the Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul’s Church, and moreover, that the respondents by uniting or connecting in any way, for the spirit- ual and temporal welfare of the congregation, with the Evangelical Lutheran Pittsburgh Synod—a genuine Lutheran Synod of the same Church denomination, have not thereby forfeited their right to the possession and control of the church property. The conclusion to which we have arrived, from an application of the principles enunciated in the foregoing authorities to the evidence in this case, is that there has not been such a departure by the respondents from the faith, discipline and worship of the genuine Lutheran Church, as to work a forfeiture of the title and possession of the church property, granted to the Evangelical Lutheran St.*Paul’s: Churchjfin trustsiom saidsCnureh = putetiatesonrcm as the right of the property is concerned, they are the legitimate, con- tinuous church organization, whose possession of the property ought not to be disturbed, and that therefore the complainants’ bill be dismissed.” In the Meadville case, the point turned on a peculiar state- ment of the charter, namely, ‘ ‘This church acknowledges itself to be a member of, and to belong to, the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and Adjacent States, and of the General Council of the. Evangelical Lutheran Church. of* the United States”. It was written by Pastor G. A. Bruegel at a time when he confidently believed that the Joint Synod of Ohio would unite with the General Council. Inasmuch as the General Council party was the majority party in the congregation, the court awarded them the property. When the “English Synod of Ohio” disbanded in 1873, Pastors J. A. Roof, A. N. Bartholomew, and J. W. Myers, with the Fairview, Leesville and Stone Creek parishes, applied for admission to the Pittsburgh Synod, declaring that they would stand independent rather than unite with the English District Svnod of Ohio, then in connection with the General Council. This mernt the addition of eleven Ohio congregations with 675 members. Other Ohio congregations applied for member- ship at different times and were cordially received. Among them w7s the Good Hope Church of Osage, recognized as the oldest Fvangelical Lutheran Church in one Apotie: of the venerable nioneer congregations of Ohio was the Good Hope Church of North Lima, which was admitted to the synod with the M-honing Perish in 1884. . Several attempts were made PislLOR YY! Obi Ee PULLS BURGE 5 YN OD 127 by the English District Synod of Ohio, acting through the General Council, to secure the state line as the western border of the Pittsburgh Synod; but no undue pressure was brought to bear upon the individual parishes, so that 24 Ohio congre- gations with 3,349 members were found in the fellowship of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1919. Another practical advantage of the majority synod was furnished by her German pastors, who were able to minister ac- ceptably to large independent German congregations and es- tablish them upon a sound Lutheran basis. Some of the strong- est parishes of the synod were won by these devoted Germans Among these were St. John’s of Erie and Zion of Johnstown. In order to safeguard her doctrinal standards in this important work, the synod in 1875 made a distinction in independent churches, and warned her pastors that they could not serve churches, which interfered in any way with the preaching of a pure gospel and right administration of the sacraments. The greatest advantage of the majority Synod, however, was found in the fact that she possessed the prestige of the orig- inal organization, constitution and charter, and needed but little readjustment in order to press the work of home missions. ‘The missionary spirit of the fathers was never dissipated. While the local field was never neglected, the eyes of her leaders were open to the needs of the whole Church, and the synod was ever ready to share her mission funds with those who were destitute of the means of grace. Many of the strongest churches of the Middle West were once her beneficiaries; and in 1879 a fund of $967 and “twelve sheep” were pledged to the support of a trav- eling missionary for Kansas and Nebraska. ‘The spirit of the body was indicated in the report of Missionary Superintendent Kemerer in 1889. “The scope of her missionary operations will be seen when it is known that along the Allegheny River, from its outlet to its head- waters in Potter County—along the romantic Monongahela and its_trib- utary, the Youghiogheny, from their sources in the mountains to Pitts- burgh—along the majestic Ohio to Wheeling—up the beautiful Beaver and Shenango valleys to Erie, there is not a Lutheran congregation which does not owe its existence, directly or indirectly, to the Pitts- burgh Synod. By far the largest ‘portion of her present household are her own children; she has received but few by adoption. What is spec- ially to be noticed is that the contributions have kept pace with the in- crease in membership, and that the synod has never wearied of the work in which she has been engaged. The first decade was the period of formation, poverty and intense activity; the second, third and fourth witnessed an advance in the means provided, and what is particularly gratifying is that the contributions for the last four years are larger than those of the first twenty years combined, while those of the last year are twice greater than the entire amount received during the first decade. Who can consider these results and not feel profoundly grateful to PRESIDENTS OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD, GENERAL COUNCIL, 1891-1919 Ls James Quigley Waters Alonzo Leroy Yount William Jacob Miller George Jonas Gongaware Jacob Christopher Kunzmann David Harrison Geissinger Charies Theodore Benze George Franklin Gehr HIS LOR YAO SEE EP ih ap URGiL to Y.NOD 129 Almighty God for good that he had enabled the synod to do? She has well earned her title, The Missionary Synod. Truly, a little one has be- come a thousand, and a small one a great nation. God has wrought it in his own time.” In the early part of 1873 a communication was received by Doctor W. A. Passavant from St. Paul’s Church of Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, asking for assistance in securing an English pastor. The result was a visitation of the Nova Scotia Church by Doc- tor Henry W. Roth, President of the Pittsburgh Synod, in the summer of 1873, and the admission of Pastor Carl Ernst Coss- man and the Rridgewater, Mahone Bay and Lunenberg parishes to this synod during the same year. To Pastor Cossman be- longs the credit of the most remarkable pastorate in the history of the Pittsburgh Synod. Arriving in Lunenberg, January 17, 1835, he served this parish as pastor, or pastor emeritus, until death, September 22, 1897, completing in his 92nd year a pastor- Piemeteaimos(.0o myedicoo mt aston) |r Lia tiunton “was: -/sent | to Bridgewater Parish in 1874, followed by other devoted min- isters, who maintained the work of the Nova Scotia Conference in connection with the Pittsburgh Synod until July 10, 1903, when the Nova Scotia Synod was formed. The strength of the Nova Scotia Conference in 1902 was tabluated as follows: Pastor Parish Churches Members CRB PIN tweed) 15 Sececte ecesdosidoce BriIdGewatet hacen 5 468 WARN te VVC AVER eras sencrcevane MunenbDetcpe «ate ae 2 652 CGM Deck ek ate asi! Wahones Dav uenwelns. 3 386 Tarp cOreerye oer ick vice IMO Valle re ee ere ne tayo s.cs. 4 393 Creer itt level ate aen mcrae INéWa erinany a siete 5 185 Jacob NPAT Coe Beat ie eee eee IOS ENS a Vipin de uhir ewan eek 3 328 22 2.413 The task of shepherding the scattered South-European Luth- eran immigrants of western Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio rested chiefly upon this synod. The Hungarian-Slovak work began in 1890, when a layman of Woods Run Parish held serv- ices for both nationalities in First Church, Pittsburgh. This union effort failed; but the Reformed Church provided a pastor for the Hungarians, while the Lutheran Slovaks bought a church in Braddock for $6,000, and called Rev. Ludwig Novomesky of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania as their pastor. The new con- gregation and their pastor united with the Pittsburgh Synod in 1891, and were granted a missionary appropriation of $200. Rev. John Michetek was ordained to work among the Hungarians and Slovaks of Pittsburgh in 1891, but was expelled in 1895. The successor of Pastor Novomesky was Pastor Drahotin Kvacala, who united with the synod in 1898 and served as missionary at large. His regular appointments were Braddock, Pittsburgh, PASTOR CARL ERNST COSSMANN HIS BOR WORSE PITTSBURGH SY NOD 131 Dillonvale, and Youngstown, Ohio, but he also held services at Homestead, Beaver Falls, Monarch, Fayette City, Sharon, La- trobe, Windber, Houtzdale and other points. Half the offerings were given to the missionary, and half to the Braddock Church. Other pastors of the oheee uf ministered to the Slovaks be- fore 1919, were Ludwig Havel, Julius Czernecky, C. V. Molnar, Charles Salva, John Body, ne Martin Slabej. Their parishes centered in Pittsburgh, Braddock, Johnstown, Martins Ferry, Charleroi, Farrell, and Irwin, but they ministered to thousands of their scattered countrymen throughout the coal and iron re- gion. In 1910 there was an estimated Slovak population of 140,- 000 i in America, of whom 30,000 were said to be Lutherans. After the year 1905, the work was administered by the Slovak-Hun- garian Board of the General Council, and but few detailed re- ports are found on the records of the Pittsburgh Synod. The purely Hungarian work was begun by Pastor Julius Czernecky in 1907, when the St. Peter ana St. Paul Church of Martins Ferry and the First Hungarian Church of Cleveland were or- ganized. His successors were Pastors Stephen and Ladislaus Ruzsa, who built up a strong parish in Cleveland and began work in Akron and Pittsburgh. Pastor Joseph Korntheuer was called to Martins Ferry, where he served the Zion Hungarian-English Churchmer hess tinst, siebenburger.. axons came; to,. Amer- ica from Transylvania in 1885. Within the next ten years many others followed, settling chiefly in Salem, Alliance, Youngstown, Cleveland, Lorain, Erie, Farrell, Ellwood City, Monaca, and New Castle. Since they regarded their sojourn in America as temporary, no attempt was made to organize them into congre- gations for several years. The first organization was effected in Ellwood ityeions! U2 A puteseveraleciorts i Cleveland: fatled. Pastor George Schuster was ordained as their missionary in 1910, and organized the Johann Honterus Church of Youngs- town,O., July 3, 1910. The congregations in Cleveland and yee del were not organized until after the merger year. Ab cen all the Siebenburger work in America was done by the Pittsburgh Synod. No mission work was done among the Italians, since General Synod workers had taken up that bianeh of the service. 3y far the greater part of the missionary work of the synod was confined to its English and German-English missions. Scores of such missions were founded during the period, 1867-1919, many of which developed into strong, self-sustaining parishes. From 1867 to 1873, the work was managed by a committee of six pastors; from 1873 to* 1895, by a committee consisting of a pastor and layman from each conference; from 1892 to 1913, by the executive committee of the synod; vain Sa top oO io ebyed committee, consisting of the president of the synod and_ the presidents of conferences, assistted by local committees of the 132 HISTORY, OF, THE PITiSBURGH SYNOD conferences. On November 1, 1915, after several years of spir- ited debate on the question of unification, the English missions were transferred to the General Council Board, where they re- mained until the year of the organization of the United Lutheran Church. The Cerman Missions were retained by the synod. When the care of the English missions was transferred to the General Council Board, a legal contract was signed by both par- ties, in which the said Board agreed to assume full responsibility for all “notes, bonds, mortgages, and other obligations or evi- dences of indebtedness of the missions,” and a descriptive list of all these obligations was appended to and made part of the con- tract. With the exception of the last five years of the period, missionary superintendents were employed as follows: Rev. J. Ke) Melhorne233 1871-18745 ae@Rev Jacob Ash arensae: 1894-1896 Rev. William F. Ulery ....1867-1869 Rev. F. W. Kohler ....:u... 1896-1899 Revopaniuel laird 1867-1871 Rev. F. C. E.. Lemcke......1899-1900 Rev. William F. Ulery ....1874-1875 Rey, «Gin. Ocallallemecee 1900-1902 Revi eke) Melhornva aa 1875-1885 2Rev. G. J. Gongaware..:.1903-1904 Revit Wei shanoranas 1885-1867 Rey. C.. H: Hemsathiy 1904-1907 2Rev. D..M. Kemerer ....1887-1893 2Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum....1907-1912 Rev. James Q. Waters ....1893-1894 Rev. Charles A. Dennig....1919-1919 In all the diversified work of the synod, no cause appealed more strongly than that of missions; and no less than 225 dif- ferent pastors served as missionaries. From 1890 to 1915, there were frequent clashes with the missionary interests of the Gen- eral Synod; but this was almost inevitable where two aggressive bodies attempted to cover the same field. A detailed statement of the home mission work of the period is appended: TABLE OF HOME MISSION WORK OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD OF THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH 1867-1919 FI Raieyriees ED —_ ° aR 9 | &| ga] Sa | gs Mission Boards Assisting = # oF ie mu we Oi ein 1-60 = 8 1/Greenoch, Trinity Synodical a Cele ei Ne AE hs |German 2|\Fairview, Salem . Svnodical eet Rieay? | Pater a | tenes lGer. -Eng. 3|N. Lebanon, Mt. Synodical ASP Met Wolke At AA wal !English 4| Dem se ytO wir ie eee, eee Synodical Lege C Malena | went English 5|LeneuVitlewecdsninit yan ee ee eee Si Od1ca ae ae ee aay. Dig dee ota English 6|Pigeon Creek, Bethel. ............ Synodical@c seston. Eps EC tel Oe sy or) NOES Ged English 7|Grafton-Newberg, W. Va...sn........ Sy nocica laa seers UUIEYE Piatt (aes cece | Caer oa eae German SiAkron OP irinityatsc se eee SVt1OC1Ca le creer oe Fadl i ey Woe Se ie ae ce English 3| Deckers TRU eee ees eee es Syjrodical s,4. eee AG D.u|eteeee teal vee tee Eng.-Ger. s¢) Chicago, ElolyanDnainit yee een SV HOCICa lp aaseeeen nanan al Thy eens vt a eee: [English Cla ranse Wi Via tare ut ee titer eet Synodica liane mcm ER iy Waser es Rea Eng.-Ger. 1D) eels wees Danish tetera Synodica ie wank eee, Eta sl alegtl ly aed aah, SER Eng.-Ger. Vi; NNahoneD ayaa niches errs Siynodical went ae Hp Sates foe havea id ee aay {Eng.-Ger. - {4 unenberom sbanish meee ee eee Siytlodicalineess ees Att 1) Tewonbdaeeee -Ger. 15| TrentonwiOm uote late Sane we SyOd1¢a'lepen eee Ah Ar Re ey) ont Be l\Eng.-Ger. 16| Kittanning ,'s Priniby (spt cscs: SJALOCICalipnec eos ene eee Cpa es aa een eR INI Be pt German 17, Yellow Creek; Bethel 4......0...0c008. Sy. NOdiCa] ewes eens SED Zed eels cee English His TORY OF THE ProrsBURGH SYNOD 133 I8i Wetzel Co., Mt. Hope ou... Swysavoyabicoe yl es Big Ae Oil esiuk aayeces lst toc ta English IGIV CHaneowelOl meee ss. wee eee Sivodicale tee ere S CU WA eee eee eras English AN & bel tread pablo aremirbe toe en a tern ee Shaatofebkecdl PPR ke Le TSGOTMON este eee leo, loo German Zi Bellaire, ORSAY A ay aly ee me (hae ity Be SVMOCICa meen wane ead ans 1869 Ny pair ae eb ala cee. German Val nipOmuim. eZ1onh ts wre hois Spcteiehtecul oF aye eS TSA] ab iuetentee felt brews Ger.-Eng. Zo bikers Hills Boon Mitvesiess.... SAOCICa laeueee aoeennn yt L874 Diath erent ce | Mertee kee English feed 78 (altel ik Wt Ree ees TR Et ALO ae ee Sraaxorebkor ll PE SP coh oka e IRV lig oye | eee nee || eee, oe Eng.-Ger. PONV LIC OX tee Mos oe es ne a ha a SiO ica leeens ate L789 I Ease rset a| aoe German PoVNaLnnowm Run, sChrist me eee. Sy Mocdicad lime eens ICY PA IMA ONIN) Picco | his cates German BAe a rivet wi CHriStieme ta ak dee coc Siiasvotalivery! aaa. oles es 1878! bide dattoct Bees English ESiA\ancemm Ge cL Trinity mee: weer SyHodicalieeses es ee ee US 7D toh: Ween as ale eae English ay (chicagonh Wicker! Park? 2250..5.2: Srimatete beer hy Se te TSS9i i lhe ee am | = ee English BUM Zeltonwm Kansasuessa iene eens e SV DOC1Ca Beater eae TSS6 lesbos katie eb Beet. English SO rMinaae teen) Oise. t ever Baye SV 1l0G1Calaeetaae seeds UIE 28 PA oh ON VO eT ae English oz Olimcteadames ttt = eth oe bee Sy nodica lene wee seat LESAOL lie eee celts Eng.-Ger. 33);Port Allegheny, Emmanuel ......... Sy1lOd1Ca lee cee es, 1SSOn Ae tee ey Uc eee. German 34|Wilkinsburg, St. Andrews. .............. SyOG1Calameweceett anes TSSSi RC eee miler rere German SriJeannettes Christ... ccmtagectyens liners Sy nodal oy cai es Ss) MRR dd al OE on tle cl RSE German BOlOtALVEaT Ves here T.. Saeenk WE ART os SaaveyelKersll «hen Ver Pee TSO Re igs pete es le eae ce Ger.-Fing. BALE tatcdockns taba cuss aenes a Synodicalee, =e ae AESKON GN Ly ec Cee OE Se Slovak 38 Dennison, Merge atl S Skies bee. Synodical) = devesa dean, BO LT Git teases tne Wa eco Ger.-Eng 39!Avonmore, St. Andrew’s on... Synodical—General........ 1 ESS 8A 9 Oe eg a ee English 40|Wheeling, Elm Grove wv. Sy MOdICal+ sof 2 enadeen TSOSN | ate tase Westoe eae English 41|Ehrenfeld, St. Matthew’s ................ Syrtodicals eleaGant.. TOOS Tete Aes ie. a). German a2 MiaainsOnyoot. JON’ S: xnedk. sited. awe SV OGICAN Le Meri serar dees ERCP Mc Nat i aaaie lt a VERS N's German ASC Ia eemilage ZIONS te. cok hee ea cices SylOdied | were stacey ere ost (Gl Peters bree Pea German aM Reda ttle Wav a,,0 Obey ealll 6.) ...,{ YNOGICAL fs niby cian ehyi. TSS Pe eM tact hyped Wis cs Ger.-Eng ANS S¥evatel Ta OUMNH Mielabavess 2 one ee Sy nod ica] gered fond li. TSSS| Recline eee Weta at Ger.-Eng HO UAE VALS, «2100. Ga) cuaatetadta x DVNOCICAl Pi Soda ee. OOS W Dadi etadensct Arsen tes English 47;Brier Hill, O., St. John’s ..:...0.308 Swyavoyabrerenl | Ve ee 1895 eae galtee ees eel ae German 48|New Kensington, St. Paul’s ........ So MOGI Ca | Maasai are te He) AM Toh A at SL English 4S inonaal (Okine, UNdhabhere ap nacats oped ae Swimocdiea aise enue ee TOO Me Diet ae av, is aetes kere English SOV ancererut. ‘Lrinity s2c0 ee taco. Swnodicaly. tesa tet IOU2L evph eta ix teres English eli inicinicn Ns \Yust Graces :.ista G yriodical t,..usesi ee by, ks ES ah Sao English Beit lees CCLOCMIET ws, each ola aca Swanorebrorul io a be OO Syms eeney che Belen eee Eng.-Ger So eseEVieMoL, Lal S$ 146% ba ek ak SHOUT Cal laren ie LOO TAR ato Ny (Mae hres elie hase English pA amon emir race, Holts oe Ma Ha adr Syroutea! G8. keels 1931 te 1S, I | eg See English po Cat bird sem spre si atees eee: Synodicaleisaes. seater se 19 TA ee bier ged nee English SOPROCHESLEE ME Ob eA Ul Saar rere. SVNOdicala sem. sore. 1868|1870;$ 275|$ 2275|German a heatieparon S258, Gracekecys...1.it SVMOCi Cale eo see keer earl a |1873 360] 3033| English Aoiesteenvine. Trinity Ylrote.. 4... SPOUT Ga lene eee a ‘|1873| © 2111) . 5111|/Eng.-Ger. S9\ Martins Herry,. St. John’siacs.o8. S VOC1C 2 in eee eee: a |1873 626, 4050|/Fng.-Ger. OO Kittanning, Strejohn’s then) 0:. Sy0OC1Ca lense ieee a |1879| 1429) 3912|English 61;Wayne Twp, Jerusalem ................ Sy DOGIOAL pe yaa. ees a 11880 251 651|Eng.-Ger. Glivatronaiemte Obi So yak thon. Sy DOdLCal ames re meee 1872|1881 15a 651|German 63| Beaver Falls, ENtSitecet eke ete ees WYNOCICAl pee es wey, eee, a |1883 112| 1412|German G4 Buitlensae itstpeese edoe), eeee. SWATOCL Call Seine ee eee, a 11884| 3719] 7987|Eneglish Gori LGl Caw ict Vege 1 GG Emery ee eee Aree Saver hie eA he ee 1872|1885 549] 10701|Ger.-Eng. Se oUVonaldswHICst) Gudchsseihed ook SwialeYebyerNt oles ek ee 1870|1887]| 618|German eyfewechaltdihauy (Bpee\olave «morgen oes ee SVinOdieal pameees. meme ee a |1889| 1303] 2974|Eng.-Ger. OS eters biurona COEISt sche. ee ate Synowicalg tes ei ee 1869] 1890 1291| 14454|English ecihartiers,, Mt. Calvary Uic.eawn. Syraavoyeliree iil 3 ae ae. a |1890! 1433} 4948|FKneglish 7WOiRochester:) Grace ( cacaein.beine., SS y11O.G1Ga eee we ee renee a {1899 2009| 15415] English Al Younestown.» Ow Grace actos... Sirrivore livers heey Mm he 1873] 1890 2371| 8156|English VAMO TY DOLSay Stee ea UleSi en ee bone ao Sy NO CICa Lae pete re ke eee 1881|1892 1306 4397|English TIRCTOVGSEELAOU SR ce ee ate et SOG Calin ee ree ame cee: 1881/1892 1019 2981|English fA CHES fo | ORNS 8a)... Se Sinodica lek eee pear a |1892 255 959| English FOC SA LLOT) © Renee keer ot Sranaye bey eae a 1892/1894 763) 2994|English CONE an Otome OTbys ee. hee eee ee OS. Sy nOc1ca meee cere te 1891|1894 192 983| English Pr cstemareliawiots Pail So hocd.5 kon: ia, SwyOcica lWaween nas teee ee a |1895 16 180| Ger.-Eng. Peimitteptue on, Stide homias (ic4.in. SO GA lee tai oe rs LEST TESS RM ted eee Ger.) k& Fi Ciicaco us lalkkeyeVile wi ee ee et Synodical—General........ TOSS) COG ee. nee Ger. f 20luniontowmne Ste ePaulis (teed... Swraneyebierall (ye ec 1885/1898 1567 7474| English STE w eZ OI Oe eae. sen nay cieee fo) eas be Synodi cal—Parish......... 189511898} 1174} 4350|)English So) Meadville Mrinity) oe. anes nee. Shraalovelkorl Prete ate a ae ee al 1900 870; 2347|Eng.-Ger. 83|McKees Rocks, St. John’s Siete Synodical Peete oes aa: .| 1887/1900 99 1585|German 84| Jeannette, Holy ‘Ricikaveuae poh Aras eure! S VVO CCS lane ceaa tne ern 189011900 1130 5564| English 85| Harrison City, PANO ben Cane ae Saipavevalherel ly WALL Gee ge 1888/1892 163 1332| English Solbittopucei Nee ora Mite’ Zion he. SViLOC I Gallaseeeen eee Ne 1876|1991 1297 5224| English G/iphannondale, Zion. G..... ba kcekicns. os Syme dical memek ee ee ane a |1901 307 1465| English SiC hive bethlehern e .:cee aan SiO C1Call ae eee) a {1901} 252| 626| English Soi Hreedomim Stwejinhin’s 25 8.-.25) 2. SWlOG(Gall eras a eee a 11902 551 2271\English 90) Melweesport;rots Jonis ...cc2... SS MAKOLON VON Me nage Bins A 1887|1902 1225 5121| English GUVs nino COME EAT Stee Mian eae cet hore Sv TlOuica laters arn kota a |1902 1115] 10560|Eng.-Ger. - IN eng Btio int OM seer Init yr... ects. Syiodica lige eases. 18881903 1772| 6367|English SISCOLEGAI OREO te ee aAUlliS sem perme: SOC 1Ca lane ene rer 1892]1903 648 2582| English bales see LAGU teste ie Weis aA ROS ret, Shypiavoreliferedl! ee ok eo a 11993 36 228| English Os Derive icinity cucancanckdcr ck es Sy OGIGa aaa e See ee 1884/1903 877| 3149|Eneglish 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 134 Wilkinsburg, St. Paul’s Erie, St. Stephen’s Beaver Falls, Christ New Castle, St. John’s B. -Liverpool, "St-aJonn Sec. Pittsburgh, St. John’s Monaca, Redeemer St. Petersburg, St. Peter’s Porlenton,s tae OD Tisaeren eens WanrenwO) seo teatins Ellwood City. Trinity Mount Hope, Zion Lillyville, St. Mark’s Cleveland, O., First Natrona, St. EreepontaeZ Olsen ee ee eee Homestead, St. John’s Horde Gityessts +) Olt cw =m ene Morgantown, St. Paul’s HrieRiGra teas eco att ae eee Morris Cross Roads Chalk Hill, Christ Aimbrid eae ZO eer eee eee Wall Rose, St. Matthew’s CarnickwaRedeenier ae eee Cheat sHavens Trinity wns. Reynoldsyvillese i init ya eee eee iHMmerickvillée, *Grace’;t2.4.seeeee iChestnut Grove, St. Paul’s Hunker, St. Matthew’s Wounswoods stun lyulcesci aan Cleveland, First Hungarian Peter’s MeronatwLrinity 1a enn eee Johusonbures ote lohn-sue eee Bellevitess niiianie] aa re Parkersburg. ota Olin sme Easiewirs tae Via Eth e wastes eee BadenayChristsiaee cee Conway,).First’ - 2.0 eee eee 135|Corry, St. Paul’s 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159} 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 17] 172 Drakes Mills, St. Paul’s Braddock, Trinity ne Springdale, St. Mark’s Woodlawn, House of Prayer Saltsburg, St. John’s Fennelton St. James. jcc eee ee Mill* Creek, "Str Peter swe nee Franklin Center, St. John’s Mice a rises ital 111, yarn ee IM tae Pleasant el tai11 ty eee eee Coudersport, St. Paul’s Tarentum, Gracew ss see ee Pittsburgh, Spring Garden Leetsdale, St. Matthew’s North East,.St..Peter’s Bridgeport, O., Trinity Martins Ferry, O., Zion Conneaut, Grace Girard, St. John’s Farrell, Grace Latrobe, Christ Pitcairn, St. Trattord, St.) Mark? Moundsville, Sewickley, St. Paul’s Wellsville e Zion meee een eee Osage, Good Hope Annapolis, St. Paul’s Soruthencwes tame clic San wen Youngstown, O., Honterus Wheeling ais Chins ties een are eet Pittsburgh, Epiphany Erie, Christ Smithton, Memorial Synodical Synodical— Parish Synodical Synodical Synodical Parish +(e eee ee SY MOd1Cel pee eee Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Sy NOGiC a lmeeeneeeeneeees , Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical—Parish Synodical—General Synodical Synodicul Synodical Synodical—General Synodical SV ROGICN eek ee yt Sy @ CL Cal eee ene Synodical S100 1Cal eee on Synodical—General Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical Synodical—Parish Synodical Synodical Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—lLocal—Gen Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—General | Synodical—General Synodical—General Synodical—Gen.— Par Synodical—General Synodical—Gen—Local Synodical—General 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1909 1909 1910 51910 1910 1910 1911 1911 1911 1911 1911 1912 1913 1913 1913 1913 1913 1913 1880) 1914 1868 1875 1905 1901 1906 1889 1888 1886 1893 1905 a 1909 1871 a 1887, 1868 1875 1876 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1915 1915 1915 1915 1915 1915 1916 1917 1918 * * OK KK KKK KK OK KK KK K KOK KK KKK KKK KK KK KK K KK HISTORY OF “CHEGET PIS BURKGHeSYNOD 675 247 907 1334 686 300 3691 3853 3434 4000 3117 2140 1268 3106 3746 6529 580 1033 4054 100 English Ger.-Eng. English German English English English 349 4519 664 4022 100 English Eng.-Ger. Eng.-Ger. English English Eng.-Ger. English English English English English English Eng.-Ger. English Eng.-Ger. English English Eng.-Ger. English English |Eng- Hung English Eng.-Ger. Eng.-Ger. German English English Eng.-Ger. English English English English English English English German English English 1619 956 English English Pig DORY Ore hire D li boBURGH -SyvN OD eis 173|Wesleyville, Messiah ...........00.c0 (reneral eee eee eee 1916| * 96 543| English iAisalenime Onell ol vecUtinitymenes sees General acess. waa icon IyAl 112 437| English IZSIN esta OP ACh Triste noms een mae RT eTe Tl ede tates 5 1917| * 17 146| English | I$ 61589}$304832| * Still a mission in 1919 i Merged with St. John’s Church a Established before 1868 j Merged with Trinity Church b Disbanded k Withdrew to Buffalo Synod c Withdrew to Joint Synod of Ohio 1 Withdrew to be independent. d Withdrew to Missouri Synod m Absorbed the Hoffman Church e Withdrew to General Synod n Withdrew to N. Y. & N. EF. Synod f Withdrew to Indiana Synod o Present status not known g Withdrew to Evangelical Synod p Removed from Manchester h Withdrew to Nova Scotia Synod r Withdrew to Eng. D. Synod of Ohio It will be noted from the above table that these thirty-two years of mission effort netted the synod 117 churches with 19,- 435 confirmed members. In addition to these there were 23 churches transferred to other Evangelical Lutheran Synods, which had a membership of 5350 in the year of merger. Sixty per cent of the congregations of the synod entering into the mer- ger of 1919 were home mission products of this period; and many others had been brought to self-support before 1868. The 117 mission churches carried into the new synod an annual giv- ing power of $304,832, of which amount, $61,589, were given to the benevolent treasuries of the Church. To create this benevo- lent force, the synod was not required to make a total local home mission investment of more than $329,672. The greatness of the material dividends can be readily calculated. But our Lutheran educators point out the fact that it requires something more than a home mission investment to create a large Christian constituency. Much greater sums must be invested in the institutions that train the missionaries, or the work in the end will fail. ‘The fathers of the Pittsburgh Synod were painfully conscious of this fact, as they bent their energies to the task of supplying the congregations of the territory with pastors. Many promising churches were permitted to disband because mission- aries could not be provided. During the previous period of the synod’s history, 1845-1867, academies were started at Zelienople Greensburg, Leechburg, and Worthington, but these had failed to meet the needs of the Church. In 1865, A. Louis Thiel of Pittsburgh placed a fund of $5,500 in the hands of Doctor W. A. Passavant, with a request that it be used for some good cause. With the approval of Mr. Thiel, he decided to use this fund for the cause of Christian Education, and bought the old sanitarium at Water Cure, or Phillipsburg, now Monaca. ‘This property was remodelled at slight expense, and opened as Thiel Hall in the fall of 1867, under the principalship of Rev. Ewald Friedrich Giese. Five pupils matriculated on the opening day, but this number was gradually augmented until it became neces- sary to employ Rev. William Kopp as an assistant teacher. When ‘Vd ‘A TTIIANAAYD HOUNHD NVUSHLN'!] IVOIIADNVAA AHL AO ADATION TSHIHL JNIGTING NOLLVULSININGVY HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 137 Professor Giese accepted a call to New York in July, 1868, he was succeeded by Rev. Henry Eyster Jacobs, who remained at the head of the institution until August 3, 1870. In 1869 there were six freshmen, one sophomore and a larger number of preparatorians in the school, of whom thirteen had the ministry in view. The assistant of Professor Jacobs was Professor Feitshans. ‘Thiel Hall was presented to the Pittsburgh Synod, October 18, 1869, on condition that the property or its proceeds should always be used in the interests of Christian Education in the Evangelical Lutheran Church, and that it should alwavs be regarded as the institution of the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The gift was accepted on these terms, a vote of thanks extended to Mr. Thiel, and the board of trustees authorized to incorporate. The first board was composed of Rev. H. E. Jacobs, Rev. W. A. Paseavanieiwevs)/Ouatianeoanenunwev. oamuel iwaird Rev. pak. Plitt, Rev. J. L. Smith, Rev. H. W. Roth, Rev. Henry Reck, Rev. aOmretibampe evil is Melhor; Reyes Herman, Gilbert, \A: De thiel lH Iwaney Vewis Kim; Henry Jarecki, lewis ‘Trauger, Georzve BlackwG: DoiKughler, Aj Hertzel, Oliver. Saeger,’ Lewis Nielander, EF. J. Schmauk, and John Keck. At first it was de- cided to conduct a Junior College, with Rev. H. E. Jacobs, Rev. W. F. Ulery, and Rev. David McKee as the professors. After the resignation of Professor Jacobs in 1870, Rev. Henry W. Roth became “First Professor’, and eventually the first presi- dent of Thiel College. *°“Thiel College of the Evangelical Luth- eran Church” was incorporated by Act of Legislature approved April 14, 1870, but amendments were secured in 1873, 1879 and 1916. When the question of permanent location was considered by the board of trustees, propositions were received from But- ler, Enon, Rochester, Sharon, Zelienople, and Greenville, and that of the last named was accepted, July 6, 1871. The citizens of Greenville proposed to donate five acres of ground and a building fund of $20,000; and Thiel College was reopened in the old Academy, September 7, 1871. The enrollment for the year, 1871-1872, was 7 sophomores, 4 freshmen and 17 preparator- ians. Advanced students were advised to go to Muhlenberg 27Some fears’ were expressed that the removal of the school from Philipsburg to Greenville might undermine its strict Lutheran character ; but an authorized committee of the citizens of Green- ville assured the board that all recognized the fact that ‘Thiel College is to be an institution under the control of the Evangel- cal Lutheran Church, and carried on in its spirit, and that the Word of God, the Catechism of Luther, the Augsburg Confes- sion, Sacred and Church History, shall be a regular part of the 26—Minutes of the Pittsburgh Synod, 1870, p. 34. 27—Minutes of the Pittsburgh Synod, 1872, p. 37. 138 HISTORYSOR EUS iS Bik Eig VIN OID instruction.” D. B. Packard and Samule Ridgway donated eight acres of land, and 141% acres additional were bought by the board for $3,132. The cornerstone of Greenville Hall was laid, Aug- ust 15, 1872, and the building dedicated, June 25, 1874. It was a three-story brick structure, 76x53, containing 32 rooms, which cost $23,125. The first graduating class, consisting of Theophilus B. Roth, George L. Rankin, John B. Schaeffer, James M. Mowl, Frederick C. E. Lemcke, and John B. Bott, received their diplo- mas on dedication day. An attempt was made to found the “Bassler Synodical Professorship of Biblical Literature and Church History” by the sale of scholarships. This effort was completed with much enthusiasm on the floor of the Pittsburgh Synod, August 24, 1882, and was supposed to provide a fund of $20,000 ; but not more than $11,000 was paid in, and the trouble- some outstanding scholarships were cancelled. ‘The adjoining Ridgway farm was bought for $9,500, April 1, 1876, and many of the students boarded in the old farm house for a time at two dollars a week. A new boarding hall was opened in 1882, when Rev. D. M..Kemerer did effective work as the field secretary. The beautiful avenue of maples, known as “Brother Martin’s Walk’, was planted by professors and students, November 10, 1875. The Ridgway farm originally contained sixty acres, four- teen of which were bought by the college trustees at the be- ginning. Several lots had also been plotted and sold by the original owners. ‘Twenty-five acres of this farm laid west of College Avenue and were not desired for campus purposes, so they were plotted and sold by the trustees, 1880-1902, for some- thing over $6,000. By this means the net cost of the present beautiful campus of thirty-four acres was reduced to $6,500. Another change in college land was made in 1923, when the State Highway Department was permitted to survey the main Pittsburgh-Erie road across the northwest corner of the campus, adding much to both the beauty and value of the college location. In 1878 the temporary trustees of the Thiel estate turned over to the college board property of various kinds, with an estimated value of $82,264. ‘These sup- posed values shrank in 1880 to $58,395, and that figure may be fairly accepted as the amount of the original Thiel endowment. Inasmuch as free tuition was granted the sons and daughters of Lutheran pastors and teachers this endowment was inadequate, and the board was harassed by growing deficits at every meeting. Memorial Hall was erected at a cost of $7,453, and dedicated, November 10, 1886. This building, used for chapel, class room and society hall purposes, was destroyed by fire, May 20, 1902. Mr. Jesse Daily of Greenville donated $5,000 for the erection of a girl’s dormitory in 1889, and Daily Hall was erected at a cost of $7,000. The Pittsburgh Synod came to the rescue PS LORYSOr a HE PITTSBURGH FS YNOD 139 of the overburdened institution in 1902, by raising $8,418 Oreetnom depts er CruCcidmeevcnus iiethe history, off the~ school occurred in 1903, when the board of trustees was of- Feccdemes tO 000 Sutorusthe:. removal of , Thiel” College \.to Greensburg. With the approval of the synod, the board at- tempted to effect this removal; but the effort was successfully contested in the courts by the citizens of Greenville, with the re- sult that the school was reopened at Greenville, September 12, 1907. While the buildings had been kept in a fair condition dur- ing the litigation, the student body had been widely scattered, and it became necessary to make an entirely new start. The friends of Greensburg showed a fine spirit after the final decis- ion, and once more became ardent supporters of the school. The synod resolved at once to raise a fund of $100,000, and redouble its efforts to make the institution a success. The cornerstone of the administration building was laid, September 12, 1912, and the finished structure dedicated, September 3, 1913. It was a three- story building of brick and stone, admirably adapted to the needs of the institution, and cost $76,358. When the synod raised a Quadri-Centennial Fund in 1917, Thiel College received a timely Sittroles20,00125 Erony L915,t0 1920 ithe District synod of, Ohio co-operated with the Pittsburgh Synod in the management and support of the institution. Beginning with the last year of the World War, when a Student Army Training Corps of 93 mem- bers was maintained, greater fields opened for Thiel. Doctor E. F. Ritter did highly successful work from 1918 to 1925 in the held, and the synodical merger of 1919, together with the semi- centennial campaign, gave great impetus to the work. The cash received from this campaign was about $137,000. a a) 1870-1871|a Rev...Henry W. Roth, D.D....... es S038 es BE B23 1 Sin wee ea Sad eee ee |e eee 1871 -187ZiaeRev., -Elenty saVVew Rothe aD seers SP Sie) [eee Oral 4 ieee eee 26:4 25ers 1872218/73laeRevaweleni: ya WV Ot tame lot) eee ee 4! 61}... SOG 2 tees Ph Viod eles | Reman Fe 1873-1874 la (Rev. Elentzyas Wie Is Ot ate hE) sentra nn A/S \itO| Mees DMs tate ee 30,000} 12,427 1874-1875|a Reve Henry W. Roth) aD Ds AlESSRRSigee 4 OOG ee eee 3 10,000 1875218/6leek eve Liengy Wee lCotl gl Cl) sense smereee Ae OSia ot AUS L le aha 40,000} 20,000 187621877] aiRe ve. Elentiy a Vee ROLDR at) 1) aaeereneaee 79 eee 4 | ee eee 20,000 1877-1878) sRev. Hletity = Wi Rothe. Die eee: Se LOO eZee 45469) C8 2-264 eae eee 1,168 187821879| Shey. tlennys We givOth msl) cme eee | 5| 96} 10 6, 122150525264 ever | 2,952 18792 1880) Revver Eenryae We Oth wl D)e eee SIRS Sat 4.7721 re5 Ceo 95 eae 16,474 1880-1881) Rev. Henry W.. Roth, D.Don. ict Rar Wr ak 9 7d BRE EI we Shoe | 3,424 1B8L=1 882" Rev. Leuty. Werk othen 4D seers Bel 4 O86 ea alt eee 6,153 1882-1883 eRe vow Hlentpyer Vie etOtlisms eID nee ens | 7} 98] 10 5 236 us tee ete ae ee 8,103 1883-1884! Reva Elenny VV Oth ala eee: , QUID EL | 10, 1 SLi are ere eee ee 11,420 1884-1885} Rev. Henry W. Roth, D.D. ou... 7| 86| 11 Fj O49 Re ts eee ee 10,637 1885-1886) Rev. Henry W. Roth, DiDie os 7| 84) 12 VIN yo mete alll Nahe Fa ot 11,289 188621887 SiRev.s Henry AW. ek Othie DE Depa ee ee AOS 22 OO 779 | eee ae ae ees 8,306 1887-1888|b Rev. David McKee cies ce SIS Sale Sia 101, te ees tee eee 5,494 1888-1889] Rev. William A. Beates, A.M........... 81114} 10 (PIS HES Kees toe wot vs ; 3,603 1889-1899! Rev. William A. Beates, NUM eee 10|127| 19 8,022 10,412 1390-1891 bee. eAn "Ga ViCiet ee) smell ib) naan 11/105), 12) 8,618) 65,656) 53,333). 12,287 1891-1892] Rev. F. A. Muhlenberg, D. Dae SLU TISI Si) 9,06018 965.949) eae 12,074 1892-1893] Rev. F. A. Muhlenberg, D. De DD el ill Ue 4 465366: 454 eee 15,421 1893-1894] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, DD. see DILO4\ 7s LI OlA 66484) ene, 6,306 1894-1895] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D...........! 14/178] 6] 14,120) 67,444) .cc.. 15,553 1895-1896} Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... | 1S el ie 89720 ee 5924 97ers 13,912 1896-1897] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... WIS | 7 ee 22940 592000 mien eee 10,129 1897-1898} Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... ba ROMDIOLS7b 12-5031 coe een ae 11,910 1898-1899] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D. ....... DAS Gi eee le LO 98 beeen rer eee 12,843 1899-1900] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... O11 STi Ol 105375) ieee le sae eee 171 1900-1991) -Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D. ........ Oi 150)) 214 he B04 13 Were aie ree 13,636 1901-1902} Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... 11/148) °20| 9,594)" 61,035 22. ..0s 14,042 1992-1993] Rev. Theophilus B. Roth, D.D.......... SST TO Pe ks et 611-200) eee: 13,184 1903-1907\""schoo! (Closed 2 ah pases eee. : ay Me ores Paces, Sete leet ec es. et 1907-1908 dP rot nO tint ke aD Cite eee eee 607A ae 5 OLS et OL el (7a eee 11,120 1O08 31909 di BrOla Ore ald een cite eee eee 8} 90} ... GAN ten PIU oe Bo Deo Fil 1999-1910] Rev. C. Theodore Benze, D.D............... OOS a FmalleS6Si sO eee eee om 24,043 1910-1911] Rev. C: Theodore Benze, D.D.«..2..2.. 11/114} 9} 13,769} 61,202) 79,800) 22,168 1911-1912| Rev. C. Theodore Benze, D.D. ........... 12/109] 10} 12,435] 61,202] 155,858) 25,074 1912-1913] Rev..C. Theodore Benze, D.D............... PODS ee 10624 eo 202 eee 28,487 191921914 beP rotate By osa wv elim ihe) eee ners WAL T23) 01a aeS OS SiO 202 emacs 27,269 1914-1915) SProth. Bao wivelsaie Hed) ian ee 14 OSA 02 562 enol cO2e nese 31,207 1915-19161 G) Prottere ea, Beye wave! meet) ene 15/144) 13h 13 5172|, 7615404 |e 33,019 1916-1917|> Rev. HH? W. Elson PhDs. cuits cle | bostelol elas 783m 62287 nena aes OU) 1917-1918] Rev. H. W. Elson, Ph. pat WittsD ye sia13 6Sie22) ie AOS mn Ols2 07 amen 39,029 1918-1919] Rev. H. W. Elson, Ph.D., Litt.D. | 13/263] 14 31,771| 64,614] 250,000} 18,089 as i. First Proressor a b. Acting President. c. Estimated original endowment. d. Dean of the Faculty. e. Actual original endowment. Of the 420 young people graduated from Thiel during the period under review, about 130 elected to er‘2r the gospel min- istry in the Lutheran Church. All the beneficiaries of the synod were sent to Thiel for their classical course, and usually to Phil- adelphia or Chicego for theology. The synod’s work of minis- terial education was under the. supervision of a committee of three ministers, 1868-1895, after which it was placed under the care of the Eerecutrve’ Committee. “The records ‘show that 145 young men received aid from the synod during the period, of HislORY OF) THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 14] whom two died in school and twenty-nine others failed to com- plete the prescribed course. The successful candidates were: Albert, John S. Ash, Jacob Baker, Isaac Oliver Baker, W. Howard Baker, Lewis Jacob Beisecker, Ludwig Benko, Matthew Bierdeman, Gustav A. Blethen, Charles E. Boerstler, Adam Boord, James Albin Booth, J. Richard Born, Ernest Bossants Esak: Brosius, Howard E. Catlin, Roy. .E: Critchlow, George W. Cronlan EG: Daugherty, E. H. Deck, John B. Debendarfer, D. L. Delo, Joshua Howe Dockter, Albert W. Dozer, Charles E. Durst, Robert Ream Elson, Samuel R. Fischer, J. Leonard Freesman, C. A. Frey, William E. Frick, Darrel C. | Frischkorn, John A. Gauger, Charles Gebhardt, H. K. Gehr, G. Franklin Genzmer, Arel A. Goehring, Norman D. Graf, John Henry Graham, Ernest O. Hankey, Benjamin F. Hankey, Jacob M. Hansen, Joseph Haworth, Frederick F. Heckert, John F. Ischinger, Robert H. Knauer, John L. Johnson, L. H: Juras, Peter Keck, Albert H. Klinger, Ezekiel Kuhn, Samuel W. Kunkle iGe B. Lemcke, F. C. E. Lintwed, Charles B. Lomen, Knut O. Ludwig, William Lund, Emil G. McCreary, Charles K. McIntosh, Aden B. McMurray, Hugo L. Metzenthin, W. E. Miller, Daniel Dawson Morentz, Paul I. Mueller, John Murray, Waldo Emerson Myers, John Wesley Myers, John J. Myers, Solomon D. Nicklaus, Victor A. Obenauf, H. F. Paulson, Stephen Pearch, Loren O. Peters, Hiram Piel, C. Alton Potts, Edward M. Reed, Charles E. Rees, Gomer C. Reinartz, John G. Robb, Jonas K. Roth, John D. Rupp, Lewis W. Sachse, Henry Scheffer, John Amos Schmid, Herman J. Selcer, A. E. Shanor, Henry K. Shirey, Fred W. Sigurdson, Thorkell O. Sipes, Hiram H. Slabej, Martin Snyder, Frank Carl Spiggle, Charles Krauth Seaman) seus. Stahlman, C. D. Stough,. By By: Stough, William L. Strobel, Franklin E. Sumons, Adam C. Sumstine, David R. Swingle, W. M. Tope, Homer W. Ulrich, George IL. Wallace, Ira W. Weiskotten, C. P. Weiskotten, T. F. Welfley, E. S. Wenzel, Bernard Wetzler, Paul L. Whitmore, Frank E. Whitteker, John E. Lavitinc lames Zane youtsms Zimmerman, Robert M. Zundel, John A Zundel, William A. The large number of institutions, in which the Pittsburgh Synod has had a direct or indirect interest, were chiefly due to the genius 2nd spirit of Doctor William A. Passavant. When he visited the Kaiserswerth institution of the Fatherland in 1846, he at once saw the possibilities of such work in the Lutheran Church of America, and secured from Pastor Theodore Flied- ner the promise of four deaconesses for the establishment of a hospital in Pittsburgh. The details of the founding of this pio- neer institution are given in a previous chapter. Inasmuch as the Pittsburgh Synod of 1849 was too weak to carry out his large and far reaching plans for institutional work, Doctor Passavant secured a charter for “The Institution of Protestant Deacon- esses”, May 3, 1850, and placed his work upon an intersynodical basis. The objects of the “Institution”, as stated in the charter, are» the relief of the sick and insane, the care of the orphans, the education of youth and the exercise of mercy to the unfortu- nate and: destitute’™. The first board of managers consisted or Rev. W. A. Pas- savant, director; Rev. Gottlieb Bassler, vice-director; Rev. J. Vogelbach; Mr. EF. Rahn, treasurer; and Sister Elizabeth Hup- PRESIDENTS OF THIEL COLLEGE 2. William A. Beates 3. F. A. Muhlenberg 4. Theophilus B. Roth 1. Henry W. Roth 5. C. Theodore Benze 6. F. B. Sawvel 8. C. A. Sundberg 7. Henry W. Elson HISTORY OF (lH PIDISBURGH SYNOD 143 perts, directing sister. Doctor William A. Passavant, Jr., his son, then took up the work with a commendable spirit and served until called by death, July 1, 1901; since Angust 1, 1902, Doctor Herman L,. Fritschel has filled the position as director. It was not the purpose of the founder to depend upon German deacon- esses for this work of mercy, but to build up a strong American diaconate. In this he was deeply disappointed. All but one of the four deaconesses from Kaiserswerth withdrew before 1851, but American deaconesses were slow in coming forward to fill their places. ‘The first American woman to offer herself for this work was Sister Louisa Marthens of First Church, Pittsburgh, who was consecrated by Doctor Passavant in 1849. As late as the year 1863 the group of sisters numbered but nine. Some of the sisters rendered valuable service in the war hos- pitals of Virginia... Not until near the close of his life was Doc- tor Passavant permitted to see the organization of a mother- house. This was effected by Doctor J. F. Ohl at Milwaukee in 1893, Sister Martha Gensike serving as the directing sister. A complete course of instruction was then introduced, and the num- ber of sisters gradually increased to fifty-two in 1923. These sisters came from the following synods: Iowa Synod, 25; United Lutheran Church, 11; Wisconsin Synod, 6; Joint Synod of Ohio, 4; Missouri Synod, 2; Scandinavian Synods, 2; Germany, 2. Of the institutions connected with this “Colony of Mercy’, the Passavant Hospital of Pittsburgh was opened as the Pittsburgh Infirmary, July 13; 1849. The two orphans admitted to the Infirmary, April 15, 1852, were the first fruits of a work that resulted in the establishment of the Zelienople Orphan’s Home and Farm School in 1854, and the Girls’Orphan’s Home at Rochester in 1862. The Wartburg Orphanage of Mount Vernon, N. Y., was started in 1866 with boys from the Zelienople Home, but later became a separate cor- poration. The Jacksonville Orphange was started in 1870 with girls from the Rochester Home, but this work was soon discon- tinued. The Milwaukee Hospital, which now ministers annually to more than 3,000 patients at a cost of $160,000, was founded byawoctor Passavant in lS63 4and was-the frst Protestant Hos- pital of America west of Pittsburgh. When the site of this insti- tution was selected by Doctor Passavant, it was nothing more than a corn field on a hill outside the city limits ; today it is recog- nized as the finest hospital site in the city. Broad streets lead up to its spacious grounds and there stop and pay respect to the keen foresight of its founder. The Passavant Hospital of Chicago was founded in 1865; the Jacksonville Hospital in 1875; but both of these institutions were managed as separate corporations. The Layton Home for Invalids was erected on the grounds of the Milwaukee Hospital in 1907, 144 HISTORY “OP THE ELT SBURGH SYNOD “The Passavant Memorial Homes for the Care of Epilep- tics” was established by Rev. W. A. Passavant, Jr., in 1896, mak- ing use of the buildings of the Rochester Orphanage after the girls of that institution had been transferred to Zelienople. These buildings are located on the hills above Rochester, commanding a wide view of.the beautiful Ohio Valley, and include Elizabeth Hall, administration building, farm buildings, a men’s cottage and a beautiful stone chapel. The first director was Rev. Jacob Ash, who served from 1896 to 1898. Since 1903, when the trustees of the original association transferred the Homes to the Institution of Protestant Deaconesses, they have been under the care of Rev. F. W. Kohler. About one hundred afflicted per- sons are cared for in this institution every year; and the sisters render a daily service of mercy that appeals to the deepest feel- ings of the Christian heart. .Many of the churches of the Pitts- — burgh Synod make an annual contribution for its support, and the number of helpful friends is being steadily increased. The beginnings of orphan work in Zelienople are traced to September 1, 1852, when twenty-five acres of ground were bought from Joseph Ziegler. Here a substantial brick cottage was built in 1853, which was occupied by Rev. Gottlieb Bassler as the first director in the early spring of 1854. This is the building that stands nearest the entrance to the grounds. Ou May 8, 1854, the actual work of the Home was begun with eight boys brought from the Pittsburgh Infirmary. With the possible exception of that of Doctor Muhlenberg of New York, which was inspired by the same source, this was the first Protestant Or- phange of America. The cornerstone of the central building was destroyed by fire, December 6, 1862. ‘The second central building met a similar fate, May 7, 1887, but the Insurance Com- pany promptly paid the loss, and no permanent material dam- age resulted. Hospitable homes in Zelienople were opened to the children, and their distress was temporary. By legacies re- ceived from Rev. Charles Avery, John A. Roebling, and Mrs. Zelie Passavant, the original farm was increased to 400 acres. While title to this property vested in the Institution of Protest- ant Deaconesses after the enabling Act of May 1, 1861, pastors and congregations of the synod regarded the Home as their own and provided generous support. A board of visitors held annual meetings at the Home, and gave its work wide publicity among the churches. Not until 1922 was the charter of the “Institu- tion” so amended as to give the management and control of the Home to a Pittsburgh Synod Board. ‘The Rochester Orphans’ Home was opened, May 14, 1862, when the girls were trans- ferred from Pittsburgh under the care of Rev. Henry Reck and Sister Elizabeth Hupperts. ‘Two separate orphanages were main- tained until 1895, when the boys and girls were reunited at Zeli HISLORY-OF THE) PITTSBURGH SYNOD 145 enople. In 1895 there were 53 boys and 24 girls in the Home, supported at a cost of $5,692; in 1919 there were 70 boys and 46 girls whose maintenance cost $16,286. ‘The estimated value of buildings and grounds in the merger year was $300,000. In the spring of 1924, churches of the synod conducted an enthusi- astic campaign, which yielded the greater part of a fund of $80,- OOO for the erection of a modern school building. From one to four sisters of the Milwaukee Motherhouse have regularly served here. ‘The directors of the Home have served in the fol- lowing order: Rev. Gottleib Bassler, 1854-1868; Rev. D. L. De- bendarfer, 1868-1877; Rev. John A. Kribbs, 1877-1909; Rev. C. W. White, 1909 to the present. “The Bethesda Home of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Church” was established, February 6, 1919, when the Crawford County farm of William S$. Wise was do- nated for the purpose. A board of directors was elected by the synod, which held its first meeting in Meadville, August 6, 1919, and effected a permanent organization. The Home was opened with six children, November 24, 1920, but Mae Beaumont was taken into the Saegertown home of the superintendent ten days earlier. The frst superintendent was ‘Rev. Ralph W. Yeany, who was installed by the president of the board on the first Visit- ors’ Day, September 23, 1920. ‘The first children were cared for in the farm house, since the first permanent building was not erected and dedicated until September 4, 1922. his first build- ing was a two-story structure of brick and stone, erected at an ap- proximate cost of $53,000, a large part of which was secured ina synodical campaign. To the original farm of 200 acres Mr. Wise added Sunset Lodge, which contained eight acres. Fifty- four acres were also secured by purchase from others. The need of the Home was proven by the fact that twenty-one children were cared for during the first year, while as many more appli- Cations. .were denied’ The enrollment of children in 1923 was forty-nine. Special attention has been given to delinquents; and the Home is making successful pioneez experiments in this new and important phase of orphanage work. The children attend the services of the Saegertown Church. “The Old Peoples’ Home of the Pittsburgh Synod. of the Evangelical Lutheran Church” was incorporated, October 14, 1905. ‘The desirability of such an institution was first presented to the synod in 1894 by the Ministerial Relief Association. A special committee was appointed, which recommended that a fund for the purpose be established under the care of the asso- ciation, but nothing definite was done until 1903, when it was decided to locate the Home at Zelienople if suitable grounds could be secured. At first it was decided to lease the Orphans’ Home triangle from the Institution of Protestant Deaconesses 146 HISTORY OF SUELE AR Tiss Uk Gime GD) for a nominal sum; but this plan was abandoned, and eight acres adjoining were bought for $1,857. To this Mrs. Jane R. Passa- vant then added the beautiful ten-acre grove of native oaks, which add such charm to the present institution. This grove was then valued at $10,000. A constitution for the proposed Home was approved by the synod in 1905, under which the fol- lowing members of the board of managers were elected; Rev. Edmund Belfour, Rev. |>L, ssmithye Rev. (DiaMKemercouenacs RoR. FE. Boethelt, Reve AR Yount Key VW | MinilenaVy aia Steinmeyer,’ John Bl, Kaercher, slames ohearcr,=| Osepin sommes man; C. $. Passavant, Fred Lingenfelser, W. E. Bonzo, and “W) H. Blank. The Muntz homestead in Zelienople was rented for temporary quarters, and here the institution was opened with Sister Katherine Foerster as matron, April 1, 1907. The first aged couple was admitted, May 8, 1907, and eight guests were accommodated during the first year. Two cottages were built for $10,737, and two sections of the main building completed at a cost of $23,682, which were occupied, May 1, 1908. Only thir- teen guests could be accommodated in these limited quarters, and Joseph S. Seaman of Pittsburgh then agreed to give $20,000, if the synod would raise $30,000 for their enlargement. The offer was accepted, and the synodical effort yielded $41,082. The total cost of the administration building and its left wing was $6l,- 207, not including furnishings, and the service of dedication was held, September 19, 1918. In addition to his generous gift to the building fund, Mr. Seaman placed a fund of $50,000 in trust, the income of which is to be used in the support of the Home so long as it remains under the control of the Pittsburgh Synod. This trust fund amounted to $51,517 in 1924. Of the eighty- four guests admitted to the Home during the first seventeen years, all but twelve were members of the Lutheran Church. The following table shows its gradual development : OLD PEOPLES HOME OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD _ 1907-1923 | = ae v = a til gee Gash lieky 5 n © a ies 3 Matron 2 m Ee 2 = ° = 7 a = : elalelzl & | & | SeClez g o|.2|.2) 5] & e/a Pelee el < |ea o| fa all y ea rong SMQaltea 1907-1908|Sister Katherine Foerster ........0..ccccc00- Bil oes 5 LS 14Se ees $ 42,000|$1.42 1908-1909|Sister Katherine Foerster... AIS Gy eee 4 1382 eee: 48,568) .86 1909-1910|/Sister Katherine Foerster ......0....cc. Chie abies: 12 2 65 6\ie wee 50,001) .69 1910-1911|Sister Katherine Foerstetr............0.0c00 3 Bek | edb: 3) 200) | eee 54,624! .68 1921912 | Sister Katherine -Hoensteige tee oe 1] 14 ZeOollien eee 55,024} .60 1912-1913|Sister Katherine Foerster... cece ¥ lied ZO]. One eee 55.024" 2.56 1913-1914|Sister Katherine Foerster... lia 1} 13 i445 sae em 55.0241 272 1914-1915|Sister Katherine Foerster ........00.. i is ech a) SHON Saved 5s 7 Oi eoe 1915-1916|Sister Katherme Foerster .2..2..2.0:10...0: A eee? | S227 ee 55,791| .68 1916-1917|Sister Katherine Foerster ........................ P licen 3,805} 50,000! 62,582) .72 1917-1918)Sister Katherine Foerster «0.0... ie PALAIS DL SOH moOL0SOT LILO OSSie 20s 1918-1919|Sister Katherine Foerster...........ccccccce: ae) i 2 abs! 6,736} 53,546} 119,285] .97 1919-1920/Sister Katherine Foerstetf.............0cc00. 121 Se eros 7,734} 55,113) 124,934] .95 1920-1921|Sister Katherine Foerster.........0.0.00. Ol 2 8i 28 9,923} 57,997) 127,107| .96 1921-1922|Sister Katherine Foerster... 8| 2) 8] 26} 10,464) 59,940} 127,305) 1.03 1922-1923|Sister Katherine Foerster .... 9} 4] 2| 29] 11,701) 63,051] 129,618] 1.19 ATdONAITAZ ‘AINOH SA1dOdd AIO AHL EE EE TE A AR SS LT 148 POS TORY OFS cWEUB Ss Pate bs Cia er) 1) “The Lutheran Home for the Aged of Erie, Pa.” was incor- porated in 1906. It was founded by members of St. John’s Church as a testimonial:to Pastor GieAX Benze, «The consti tion of the Home places its management and control under a board of directors, to which all members of the Pittsburgh Synod congregations of Erie are eligible. The Old Ladies’ Home, then located on St. John’s property, was selected as the place in which to begin the work, and the first guests were received, March 1, 1906. ‘The building was enlarged at a cost of $6,000 in 1907, and again in 1909 at an expense of $5,000, so that it now has 50 rooms. Valuable ground to the west of Erie was secured in 1917 at a cost of $12,500, and here the permanent institution will be located. The first matron was Mrs. H. F. Kalbe, 1906-1911, and her successor Sister Frieda of the Philadelphia Mother- house. Eleven guests were admitted during the first year, and the average number accommodated during recent years has been about thirty. The sum of $1,000 was set aside as endowment in 1907, and this has since been increased to $19,500. While the Home is not officially connected with the Pittsburgh Synod, it is given the hearty support of all the Lutherans of Erie County. In harmony with its institutional spirit, the synod has pro- vided fertile soil for the Inner Mission. Beginnings in this field of work are traced to a resolution of the Erie Conference, which was considered by the synod in 1905. A committee was appoint- ed, which recommended the opening of a city mission in Pitts- burgh and the calling of a superintendent at a salary of $1,500. As the idea grew in favor, the desirability of placing the work upon an intersynodical basis became more apparent; and “The Lutheran Inner Mission Society of Pittsburgh” was organized with 160 members, April 18, 1907. It included members of the General Council, General Synod, Joint Synod of Ohio and Aug- ustana Synod. It was fourth among the eighteen Inner Mission Societies of America in point of time, but is now first in point of membership. A rented home on the corner of Amber street and Friendship avenue was dedicated as a hospice, November 11, 1907, with Rev. A. J. D. Haupt as the first superintendent. The work was that of a family hospice, but there were never more than ten guests accommodated at one time. The North. Avenue hospice was bought for $25,000 in 1917, and renovated at an additional cost of $3,000. Mrs. Lewis Hay has served as matron from the beginning, looking after the welfare of 32 regular guests. The Bayard street student house was bought for $25,- OOO in 1892, and renovated at an additional cost of $10,000. Mrs. Shaw was the first matron, caring for about 28 Lutheran stu- dents. The Lutheran Training School began, January 10, 1921, and has been conducted as a night school under devoted teachers. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 149 The average enrollment for the first three years was about 100 stu- dents. The summer camp at Zelienople, under the management of Rev. Frank W. Richter, has been a great success. Hospital visita- tion, family welfare, institutional service and open air meetings also have a place on the program of the society, which now has an annual budget of $40,000. The following men have served as su- perintendent:) GRheveR! [i Durtiaupt; (1907-1910; Rev. John Mueller, 1911-1913; Rev. Ambrose Hering, 1914-1925. The solving of the problem of aged and disabled pastors was undertaken by the Pittsburgh Synod as early as 1851, when the ‘Widows’ Fund” was established. After a few years this was supplanted by the “Disabled Pastors’ and Widows’ Fund”. Neither of these plans was fully satisfactory, and the ‘“Ministe- rial Relief Association of the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangel- ical Lutheran Church” was formed by the adoption of a consti- tution, August 27, 1888. The annual dues were fixed at ten dollars, with an additional assessment of four dollars when a death occurred, while the benefits were limited to such monthly allowances as circumstances required. At first the receipts were small, but a certain percentage of receipts was placed in a per- manent fund, which amounted to $9,605 in 1919. After the synodical merger the association ceased to function, and its funds were transferred to the Board of Ministerial Relief of the United Lutheran Church. Another “Emergency Relief Fund” was created by the synod in 1917, and placed at the dis- posal of the officers, the interest on which has given much com- fort to needy ministers and their families in times of protracted distress. ‘This fund amounted to more than $4,000 in 1919. The interest on the Lewis Trauger trust fund is also administered by the officers of the synod through this channel. In the financial development of the synod the laymen filled a large and important place. Largely because of an accumulated synodical debt of $15,000, the Laymen’s Movement of the Pitts- burgh Synod was organized in 1909, with David H. Rankin of Penn Station as its president. With a praiseworthy devotion he organized the laymen of many parishes and created a widespread interest in all the benevolent interests of the church. The cele- bration of jubilee years was also used as a means of developing the. benevolent powers of the synod. The first jubilee of the synod was fittingly celebrated at the convention of 1895, when a fund of $18,000 was gathered... At the Eighth Jubilee of the Reformation in 1917, a well organized campaign yielded $138,- 600, which was distributed on a percentage basis to a number of benevolent causes. Of every $1500, Thiel College received 750, General Council Missions 250, Ministerial Relief 150, Old Peo- ples’ Home 100, Orphans’ Home 100, Home for Epileptics 50, 150 His LORYeOP se) Hi eT Teles Bia rie YN) Philadelphia Seminary 25, Chicago Seminary 25, Passavant Hospital 25, and general needs 25. In synodical government, the original constitution of 1845, with a few scattered amendments, served the synod until Janu- ary 15, 1895, when it was displaced by a new constitution mod- elled after that of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. ‘This con- stitution was revised and republished in 1915. The doctrinal basis was: “The Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church confesses that the Canonical Books of the Old and New Testaments are the Word of God, given by inspiration of the Holy Ghost, and are the clear, only, and sufficient rule of faith and life; that the three General Creeds, the Apostles’, the Nicene and the Athanasian, exhibit the faith of the Church Universal, in accordance with this rule; that the Unaltered Augsburg Con- fession is, in all parts, in harmony with the rule of faith, and is a correct exhibition of doctrine; and that the Apology, the two Catechisms of Luther, the Smalcald Articles and the Formula of Concord, are a faithful development and defense of the doc- trines of God’s Word -and of the Augsburg Confession. All questions concerning the faith of the Church, its Ministers or Congregations, and the administration of the Word and Sacra- ments, shall be judged and decided acording to this Rule and these Confessions.” The question of making the president of synod a salaried officer was warmly debated for several years, and finally adopt- ed by a close vote in 1913. The first salaried president was Rev. G. Franklin Gehr, D.D., who served from 1913 to 1919. During the period under review the synod had the following presidents: Rev. Guttlieb Bassler, 1867-1868; Rev. Henry W. Roth, D.D., (Acting), 1868; Rev. George A. Wenzel, D.D., 1868-1870; Rev. Henry Wom othe Wels 1871- 1873: Rev. Samuel Kaircdalouos 1874-1876; Rev. William F. Ulery, iow 1879; Rev. William A. Passavant, D.D., 1880-1882; Rev. Edmund Belfour, D.D.,’ 1883- 1884: Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1885-1887; Rev. J. A. Kunkelman, DID2LSceel S90 ah eve James Oy Waters, 1$9121893;-} Rev len: einen’ De 1894-1896; Rev. A. L. Yount, Debs 1897- 1899; Rev. Edmund Belfour, D.D., (second term), 1900- 1902 ; Reve Davide EesGeissincer, D Dy 1903-1904; Rev. William iS Miller, D.D., 1905-1907; Rev. C. Theodore Benze;.D,D., 1908- [909" sKRev=Georveg|: Gongaware, D.D., 1910-1912; Rew G. Franklin Gehr}=D.D., 41913-1919. One of the notable features of the government of the synod during this period was the long service of Doctor D. M. Kemerer as secretary. He transcribed the proceedings of no less than thirty-four conventions during PISTORVIOR THE PIL SBUKRGHeoYNOD 151 his three terms: 1872-1876; 1884-1888; 1893-1919. The follow- ing table will show the steady development of the synod through the course of the years: Year ee fe) nD w Ay NR Yeteh, an 8 Pele ie oe rE 58 SG apes he e eines Siieccde. 56 INYAD) adie eames, ae 56 1 Sel ee te een eRe Uh, re 57 LR Deep a a Ree ch eotete es, cao 59 Keine SS ae eee ae 55 RF ASN ee ee toe fo an. 2 56 IIS WAS) + ke eee ed wa aE 59 IRSA sys Ree’ RE te eee Be 64 1877 ein te SRA ees sort 65 IPC VAot, set RN eS ee 69 IV ASE aS Ti ee ee Eee Meera 70 TOS O Me crys AEN Re ee ae. Al TS Steer ee eee ee EO 75 LBRO preee men Weisat aM SCs el Lay 77 | SOS terete ee te tee ti, 81 deter k= ae Mice ek RENT ot RP et 83 LSS Spares eae c ee aie 88 8.8 GMa er en een Rear 94 Datel pia tet GN, cat Oe RUE pera 99 BSS shee swe are fy tae eer 107 NRO eN ge ee a eae A ace 116 SOO NeReRR EE cna ote ea 118 RO Teer ee Geen eet bes Lane 125 ee Ala OA eo eee, 127 TEESE EY et 8 ee RR AS a, 125 1 SO4 eee ees Pacts: ied AE 125 S95 see ec cet ceed ey a 125 SOC gree tee. Ce ae 136 JE aL tee, eee Bee RN ie 142) TSO S Mieetaetint dade a5 deta, 139 INS 5 on Nea ee eee Cee 138 SOMES. ater aaa 140 IROL sop 5 cao Be kt © ce ee a 136 LSU Oe ere ee eae 141 OOS Ue ee ae tea Reha cco 133 1904 ree PRINT TS eo Ee 13t LOO Se eee par enes ede tenes e 137 RSTO), cee er eer, PLR et 136 Gg? Pa ae en 138| SOS memes eee emis it 148 CIOS) oat oe Ds oe ey ee ew 148 ROO Wl 2. sce hate 3a Uo ei oe Se ak i 153 LOL eee ee pete nee eae 150 pO MGA, ue. SOR TS VAs Seem or See ee 150 IESE EGE get oe SDS GRO SE ON pale 149 LOT ARR ere eh ON oe 149 19 [Stee ee ee ae OR ty 152 19 OME S SOT Pays 5 2 ot 0 158 ROWE Ss d ale NS 5 EY 157 LOTS Braet t hee: hae sete 156 LOT ORR ee Retr ee eT 155 TABLE OF PROGRESS PITTSBURGH SYNOD OF THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH Churches 1868-1919 lke ca eee a 3 a 35 3 Orbea mee oe =a So] s| 22 | 2a errs Sole cures he, Gakic cad n EG) ~~ UN Bali VOR n oS a ieee i Cake One OO $5605 1092215471483) eens B20 RON wee O74 ete ea 10,343 eov ie ee coe rte 10,846) 5576) eee oe 167 SOREL 421 ees: 10,958) © 34? 2,266! 35)con.. OHCU Ce Ao GRE Vd elem. F067 eo 54 ee es 10759 econ 2.025) a 115225230) War, 361 ite PY SOTA 26) tes 3471 ee P7036) 48 2,590 rece. 1730012710 2168 tense £25876 0 eo Like te 1316050 291 2,061 ues. 1468510301) £92,030 vtmecene 15, 90114929 02,4791 pot cs 16tbeOi de 28 | glares Toll eee... 17,598; 30] 1,655 693 18,000] 35} 5,972 714 19,000] 35] 6,648 609 20,368] 44] 8,615] 1,061| 21,229| 41| 8,275] 1,996 QO ATT E40 8.62210 41,534 22,629| 46] 9,462] 1,544 23,989] 39} 7,317) 1,489 24,058] 27| 8,379] 2,879 25,178] 30) 7,192] 1,505 25,083). 129)" #703118 (1,758 25,586), B0lin 7,01) 1,505 26,680 thro e801 e225 2707744 89). 1 6,110) 1,935 28,206] 38] 9,982] 3,367 28,000) 43! |» 8,873] - 2,523 28,635| © 45)- 7,100|> 2,102 27,066 44] 9,143] 4,561 28,209| 40} 10,175} 2,500 28,461] 41] 9,434] 4,044 29,1941 40, 8,845] 2,159 31,392] 48]. *9,173| . 2,620 31,328) 43]'> 13,138] | 2,563 29,117} 43| 12,745] 2,269 31,940] 43] 12,466| 2,944 32,699] 44] 15,371] 4,161 31,276] 52| 10,412} 1,414 32,485| 57| 12,648 869 31,609} 53) 10,281] 4,989 32,691] 48] 13,367| 3,674 35,172} 35] 12,048] 5,409 37,621; 36] 1,066} 15,188 38,055} 34 336| 16,445 39,981| 31 460} 15,287 Students —o Min. WC THOUWOMAUMOOOONOAOOMN = |$329,672|$120,535| Contributed to Min. Education $ 820 oy SS \o © (CS 1,119 650 310 645 1,390 1,050 975 1,065 TE SHS 1,587 e73e E27 1,625 1,460 $ 74,986 n 3 s o 3 9 = a == §& ov 0) oo 09 ales) HO $ 7,818/$ 30,166 7,217 93,221 7,027 41,037 he AE 51,192 9,960 57,104 7,110 58,426 8,157 24,680 6,489 30,138 6,297 15,072 3,978 21,165 4,483 19,100 4,906 30,849 4,514 15,909 5,550 16,644 9,117 25,289 12,846 64,808 11,636 79,479 10,735 55,600 11,789 36,682 14,113 50,922 11,673 40,137 3052531 235,873 pale, 83,975 19,053} 143,583 18,609} 137,827 19,352} 171,801 29,829} 179.125 19,696| 137,734 15,766} 152,773 19,986\ 223,372 24,846] 191,933 24,696} 185,629 25,408} 197,780 32,567} 201,243 31,642} 209,799 42,080) 289,006 30,185} 257,044 31,656} 255,679 40,415} 220,848 35,200} 264,805 64,751) 297,888 36,872| 247,668 39,992} 270,282 62,261) 342,867 27,949| 152,325 44,.445| 249,114 42,847} 256,141 44,821] 285,775 69,200) 355,687 155,936| 484,903 180,600) 521,304 129,564, 515,240 $1,585 ,986/$8,535,143 < . L ¢-t-@ : ‘ ; q » ) ; aves sArgy: Ry : ; SER Wh. Up bar ars. Tigh Sree if RG rae oy ae" Re Age he) etl! . « f ‘ an | vo j if : 1) Wer ae f . ‘ ee af : i ities 4 Lig A a Te 5. 1 y hive 1. is om ‘ 5 iv | wi > th AUT, 1% < " v7 BAe! 6 ig nar’ of & oh GRE TRE DE ee : oh: ae i ite ' _ eet ‘ ¥ ; i ip) 5 wT. : " i ‘ e = ; ‘ 4 ] 4 ¥ i ‘ } if d . ay ; il f M4 ‘ . tf a + a aety, 0 pre am | FA , s > : 4 1 ey ¢v : , . 1 2 5.i5 é Are ‘ my , a ye | : r vk ’ % i VF : - } ; A i % . ‘ wy = 3 5 , cad ‘ ai oh r : Sragiy sr 4 ’ 9 ¥ 2 4 ; ui ‘ ie: Pee / Sy ae ( pow aT e 4 . + ery q ' OF bes gee ir te - des ; : : : i A Ae | i a : > ; ‘uly ' ; (Taba } oe Hie, Re eae yay pomee | i my Oe. : © ten ei ceeds eee Jan. 1, 1905-Nov. 19, 1919 DOCTOR JOHN GEORGE GOETTMAN 158 PIS TORY (OF oF dp) eo > ov ai S| us } 3 3 0.5 = Zi an a7 a ea] INMEAR RCV ogeemedil, BYR aha yes cacee IN ODETTE eae teste ca ee 1888 1888 791 $4056 INS NeW ej oeuees, —URSWHISE ia. va corte acer Genet alse aire ee 1887 1892 260 1321 3|Freeport, Emmanuel ............... General wear Ae he he a 1893 191 363 4|Avonmore, Hebron _........0.......4.. Generali sree 2 oe ae 1891 1895 152 231 SiPunxsutawney, First 2.4... Gereratiarr. oie. were 1888 1896 278 417 6lGrubes Mount) Zion 40.02. (Seniera |e ne s. Ae ene ae a 1896 185 429 7\Pittsburgh, Mount Zion ............ (Genetalarei ce eee ee 1888 1896 460 1921 Sia vee Salen 2 Pas MEST eee WoOcaLBeee me ee ee ee a 1897 3 Lee 9} Wilkinsburg, Calvary _............ IN One Mea ee eee 2 1897 1897 508 1217 lO Manterarirt ah itSt eee ees INonetyiet eas ee 1897 1897 500 3084 fiver Creek eAlphayiens. cue. Generale et oes aoe 1893 1897 396 2004 (2A Verh et rslonbheteelans Weve, IW Mewal Fee ee General eee tee 1889 1897 244 326 13| Pittsburgh, Grace ARNE B Ub inigoetoy ot Ae ai ai et ay 1893 1990 620 1604 Ie Eagd CG OC Lean Hit:S taaee eee eee General ee ae Pee 1886 1900 319 1197 15!Connellsville, Trinity ............... General oe ice to) hs 1884 1900 987 4770 16| Pittsburgh, Redeemer ................ Bethania eee eee 1900 1900 49) 1834 i7A7Bittsbureh, Bethel’e 220.24. uieGencralen asst ee ae eee 1893 1901 521 2893 18|Broughton, North Zion ............ General and Local ........... a 1901 45 474 1 Vanderersit. ot. Paul’st),..,.. Sri Cailgeme tweet Ma oc) 1902 1902 319 1425 PNMOuguEsSneemhitSt: ween seer ec General andes locally. 1892 1902 292 919 JIN Secale vraigextey) “IRATE, es See BR ea TOCalley eee eee La es wees a 1902 TOY ae A 22|New Lebanon, Mt. Zion ........ Moca letter eres te) ee a 1992 b Pea es Z3\Pittshburgio, ote otephen's 7.) Generalieemtcn, eae 1891 1903 892 1453 BAB Licre a Graces eet et eae Generale ieee Saree 1890 1903 584 2699 25|New Kensington, First.............. General .......... Pe Merde der 1891 1904 873 2320 2olPittsbunghs sot. wleuke Sie. Generalvand) Bocall 7 1990 1904 SP 3569 MEN Dia, © liaabaavelay biel. £5 syiepeas-tan dee? EOC lgeeen (er aeare ieake hae & 1990 1904 415 1096 Pei Pitts uLe hh oben ails ee. Boe Vocalipie tee uate ats 1898 1904 226 neh ae PoUNSpinwally Hirst et ean eee a iicl Breyer Re | ane J cn See ee 1895 1904 139 653 30/Hast Pittsburgh,’ Hebron) ....... Generali and ocala... 1903 1996 330 725 SliWiheelinio ns slrinity, vserecs. oc General and Loccall .-...... 1899 1907 c 2 COManen biter Grinit yaueeee. coe ae | General and Local .........: 1894 1907 306 1637 BolLiycdem haps b et hele ss. Toca Meee hak Se ee Ad oo 1899 1999 78 132 Baik boron Uti Dit var cease rte, Mocaliyy sik eae a ees 1908 1909 be > beak 160 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD SS Ktanning woe aillicman ee None eet ee Pee 1910 1910 113 638 36} Monongahela, Grace .....0............ General and Local ............ 1869 1913 260 842 37|Crafton, St.. Matthew’s ............ Women ss Boards ene, 1903 1913 239 513 38| Jeannette, St. Mark’s 0... Pocal Mie Sey ee ee ek 1908 1915 217 361 39|New Florence, St. John’s ........ General and Local ............ a 1918 50 9 A0 | GernianyoeZ 10t eee ae eee General and* Local ....2<4. a 1918 ee 41\Garfield,. St. James” wich... Genenal and- ocal@......= 1901 1918 SA Seer AZ NWOCKpOntam Gatace mares ene ek ae General and Local ............ 1905 1918 20 ae A3\COOKPOF Es tu ustay, Mian A-ha canis oGal a eae he ts Le eee a 1918 89°05 ae 44 Antioch’: x. aaatte yachts eee Local, Rete ee eke a 1918 23 9). an 45|New Bethlehem, jIrinity 05. [Weaver eat olin hist thew? ORR. 1905 1918 25S idadel 46|Squirrel Hill, St. John’s .........:. Tiocal tea eee ee ee a 1918 31 tas wees 47 Kellersbutg, Walemipante-cu. EGGa RO Aas ie reek canes a 1918 86-5 eee, 48| Eddyville, St. Mark’s. .....0........ LjOCal tec ataee ee ee a 1918 25 5 arate 49| Brush) Valle yercctoa sm eae Boley Pye oe Nimes Se WOT Ne S, 1918 16S aes 50|Strongstown, St. Paul’s............. Ocal Ta ae ae Mee tans a 1918 bite ate 51 Hetlwood, y Mt" Ztonigr sige Led thoy ocean 1918 fo Near es: 92|New Castle, Bethany ...........0..... General and Local ............ 1904-1919 224 329 o3!Pittsburgh,, Temple foi..c-ar General and Local ........... 1904 ~=1919 112 426 94) Wilmerdine | Christ Sly. c.c General and Local ........... 1899 1919 154 582 3o| Mallvalé.§ Christ (sc. a.cramsiie: General and Local ............ 1900 1919 230 566 56|McKeesport, Trinity ............00 General and Local .......... 1893 1919 200 482 w/\Emsworth, St-oJames’..css:a. General and- Local .34.1.2 1909 =: 1919 117 659 58) Pittsburgh, MervOhvets ixa8 General and Local ............ 1899 1919 99 211 59 Denmark "Manor, (0. eran vere Local weet a iam tanh tee a bart) 2a eee 60] Eiramay VPrinity is) ise saree TP OCALMEL Sten Btis pet ret ee 1906 Dion haath os Ghee oli Josephine, ,sti5 Paul sa: ak Te6Cal’ Peaks has Bene ieee, 1907 che? Ripe Ae aan 62/Clarion,, Gracepe: jinicuant yaaa aes General and Local.............. 1890 ‘ 94 187 63) Rural Valley, (Firsts... save: LGcaleace kek ae 1901 he 57 102 64) Pleasant. alinion >a nee Taeal putes a a hae aes a = 51 40 65|Charleroi, Christ’s oc General and Jocal........... 1901 x 221 94 66|Swissvale, St. John’s .... ......... General and*t ocala ec.) 1902 fe 271 694 67|Fast McKeesport, St. John’s...| General and Local............. 1903 Mi 106 7 68/Donora, Trinity. 1... Bic General and Local............. 1903 ye 127 199 oUMonessen, (Sts Paulis cainaas General and Local............. 1903 * 167 215 70\Homestead,, Messiah) y.),2a0u General and Wocal2...... 1904 “ 179 - 264 /lPittsburgb, St. lamest icra General and Local............. 1906 bs 198 122 72|Pittsburgh, Holy Trinity ....... General and Local............. 1907 a 110 332 73\Carnegie, St. Andrew’s ............ General and Local .>....... 1910 2 88 16} 74\Glassport, St. John’s ........0..... General and Local............... 1910 “ 75 135 Po) title tee aL CAN it VNU cect Wiomenise Oa id ae eee 1912 3 111 428 /o\ Franklin Road}, Hope 222. Women’s and Local.......... 1916 45 94 7/7| Pittsburgh, Messiah) i.e... General and Jocal.............. 1908 * 25 400 78|Pittsburgh, Luther Mem.......... TioGal Ree een eer weet Os 1916 2 194 600 79\Monessen, “Ttalians 1: ak Gaaer Local and Immigrant........1918 3 OO 5s Fae 16663 - $54454 a. Established church. c. Dismissed. b. Disbanded. * A mission in 1919, The question as to whether mission work pays will be an- swered by the above table. Apart from, immeasurable spiritual returns, the mission investments of the synod have yielded large dividends that can be expressed in terms of finance. The com- partively small annual investments yielded an annual benevolent income to the synod of $54,454 in 1919. ‘The total home mission investments of the synod from 1887 to 1903 were $49,422; the benevolent contributions of the churches founded or nurtured by this work are now annually greater than the total original in- vestment. During the entire period, 1887-1918, the synod gave the General Synod Home Mission Board $103,926; during the same years the General Synod Board expended $105,603 on the field; so that it is fair to say that all mission funds were raised on the local field. It is also worthy of note that 74 of the 124 churches entering the merger of 1919 were home mission pro- ducts. Inasmuch as the activities of the synod centered about its MISSIONARY SUPERINTENDENTS, PITTSBURGH SYNOD, GENERAL SYNOD, 1887-1919 1. Jonathan Elmer Bittle 2. Horace Bradley Winton 3. Isaiah Irvine 4. Jacob Evan Maurer 5. Samuel Trauger Nicholas 6. Andrew Jacob Bean 7. Cleason Becker King 8. Samuel James McDowell 162 ELISE OR YS © Ber i be TD sey by Coan Gree aie). Advisory Board of Home Missions, much care was given to the selection of its members. This Board was enlarged to ten members in 1902, and the term of service made three years. Such was the spirit of the synod during those years that every pastor regarded it a mark of honor to serve as a missionary, no less than 141 being engaged at some time in the service. Some pastors accepted calls from weak missions, and remained with them until they developed into great churches of recognized influence. Missions among foreign-speaking peoples were not under- taken until well toward the close of the period. A large influx of foreign labor into the mining and manufacturing districts led to repeated demands from pastors and congregations that some- thing be done for them. ‘he field that made the strongest ap- peal at first was that of the Slovaks, since many of them were already Lutherans, but this was given up because of lack of trained ministers. In 1917 Rev. Fortunatto Scarpitti of the United Presbyterian Church volunteered for service among the Italians, and he was admitted to the synod and sent to Monessen. . Here he organized St. Paul’s Italian Lutheran Church in the following year. A similar mission was understaken in Monon- gahela, but this was not successful. In the administration of this home mission work, three local funds were established; the fund for the salary of the missionary superintendent, the Emergency Fund, and the Church Property and Loan Fund. The last named fund was started in the First Church, Vandergrift, in 1901, when an offering was received at one of the evening ses- sions of the synod. It was created for the purpose of securing desirable building lots for missions in new towns. It also pro- vided the money for the purchase of portable chapels. At the time of the merger this fund amounted to about $3,000. Its first bequest came from Mrs. Dorothy Heckman of Armstrong County. The Young People’s Societies and the Woman’s Home and- Foreign Missionary Society gave valuable assistance in this local home mission work. Their contributions were regular and unfailing. The leaders were always conscious of the fact that their missionary successes were largely due to the educational work of other synods. When capable young men were needed for the mission fields, the West Pennsylvania, Maryland and other eastern. synods could be trusted to furnish them. Had the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod been compelled to fur- nish her own missionaries, much of her mission work would nec- essarily have been left undone. While the number of her par- ishes steadily increased, comparatively few young men were ed- ucated for the ministry until late in the period. From 1867 to HIS PORYSOR Eb Pit TOBURGHI SYNOD 163 1919 the following students were assisted in their course of study : Allbeck, Willard D. Barnett, Charles W. Berger, William F. Britt, Charles A. Brown, William H. Bricker, Joseph M. Boyer, Franklin W. Burrell, Luther A. Carlson, Oscar W. Claney, W. Blair Crawshaw, J. C. Crouser, William E. Daubenspeck, L. M. Daubenspeck, F. H. Daugherty, Silas D. Evans, W. W. Fasold, John Calvin Fischer, M. Hadwin Fitzgerald, W. R. liekas Ele El on) te Fry, Edward N. Furst, Gordon F. Gilbert, H. S. Gunderman, Louis Hamm, George [L. Harman. jeseaul Harrah, Clinton P. Harris, Ay C Hauser, J: Ray Held, Charles E. Heilman, Lee M. Hershiser, Jacob F. InbURL, Wola i Himes, Elder Howard, Herbert W. Kapp, Jacob W. King, William B. Kniseley, John B. Kolb, Ferdinand FE. Leitzell, Charles’ W. Lerch, John E. MacDonald, J. E. MacLaughlin, C. P. Maguire, H. W. Maxwell, David E. McCauley, J. W. Minto, Joseph Miller, Carl F. Mohney, S. A. Earl Peschau, F. W. E. Rice, J. M. Sachs, Harry. W-: Seel, Henry A. Shaffer, Clyde W. Shaffer, James W. Shaner, Braden E. Shoat, bbarryy Le Smith, Frank Edwin Staib, Frank A. Streamer, Charles R. Teichart, Alvin E.. Thomas, J. N. (LEOuts see tie gl: Uber, James M. Uber, Thomas B. Wagner, F. R. Wagner, W. J. Weeter, J. W. Will, Fred L. Wingard, J. W. Yund, Roy L. Zimmer, J. N. In addition to the seventy-two young men above named there were at least eighteen others who failed to complete the prescribed course of study. Some died at school; others gave up because of ill health; still others were caught in the mael- strom of the World War and. never returned to college or semi- nary life. A peculiar feature of the work of this branch of the Pitts- burgh ‘Synod is that all its work was done without local institu- tions. While their General Council brethren were overburdened with such institutions, they were care free. While the synod was represented in governing boards of several eastern institu- tions, and their cooperation was eagerly sought, the General Synod erected no institutions in western Pennsylvania. An effort was made to establish an orphanage at Fay in 1914; but the effort failed, and the synod built a dormitory on the grounds of the Tressler Orphans’ Home at Loysville. The greater part of the $20,000 needed for this enterprise was raised within a few weeks by a tour of the Boys’ Band of that institution. Such harmony of interest was established by the constituent synods of the General Synod, that the pastors were satisfied to have their church institutions located in any part of the country, provided they were reasonably accessible. The following table will show the development of this part of the Pittsburgh Synod during the period of separation: HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Students Contributed to Min. Education Contributed all Benevolence 164 TABLE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD OF THE GENERAL SYNOD 1867-1919 2% a Coe va 5 0 a 0.8 ‘=o bast ~ bes & n ~~ q © sa oO He Bae Pe Ay oO = So On 1867 eee 11 37 2270 Vea eens L868 teers: 17 41 2,780 5 $ 860 T8690: eee 20 47 2,952 6 554 1870) beeen 24 49 3,481 6 860 87 ae ee 23 49 3,603 6 837 97 2ee ee eee 22 50 3,625 3 377 DHE) |e ee een. 21 47 3,549 2 353 1874 eae 24 47 3,679 2 597 LBV 5e eee 26 40 3,095 4 464 S/O eee ee ee 25 48 3,703 5 O72 18/7, es ee 24 52 4,027 1 393 NS / Baie Seed 26 55 4,410 1 431 1879 ee ree 26 54 4,457 1 510 USS Omer eee ae 27 54 4,485 1 516 I Revedl lee cored cane ve 28 55 A 61] OMe eee 473 B82 Ai sees 24 57, ZEA a eee 608 TBR tre eeee ee 26 53 A OLA Bats 645 TBR 4 ter eee a va 52 4684 abe Bs Palit TSS Sires eeeace 27 52 4 AO Sn ike 810 L886 pee ee 28 58 4,902 4 963 TSS7 spree eee Oe 38 75 6,290 6 765 S88 Fe a eaS oe 44 75 6,777 6 1,190 USS ee tee ee, 42 76 7,249 8 eA S90 weet are ce 42 7. MUS 10 1,096 L BONS eet ne 44 80 7,018 i 1,199 RO Dee Alaa ee 49 76 8,098 afl 1,146 NPA eho ene ee 5S 8&6 8,686 15 2,020 L894 pases ees 57 86 9,174 16 1,613 TSO 5 Me eae te 57- 89 9,700 18 1,504 LSO6 MES Sere. 56 9] 10,186 15 1,570 L897 eee raece eee 59 92 10,576 13 1,546 189M ee niet as 63 94 S23 10 1,659 L899 Bree ee fee 68 100 11,434 14 1,880 TODOWE Atte 75 103 11,938 ED 2,196 RS Oy teh sae a 2 76 106 12,432 24 2,134 1902 ear eee 84 109 13,356 25 2,576 QOS Sat Seek set 86 114 14,384 23 2,898 190430 ere reece 89 114 14,992 25 3,409 1905euk eens 88 117 *17,960 BD 3,855 OO GWE ere Tel. 119 19,186 24 4,360 1907 @ fee 8 81 122 19,946 28 4,234 TOOSHEET Ee. ene 85 125 20,724 25 4,596 1909 ea fi ees 83 127 21,366 33 6,821 191 Gare eee 83 127 22,262 owe 7,128 TOT ee nee 94 128 22,736 2/ Taodd. 1912 gare re 97 127 22755 28 7,450 HOLS stares 91 126 23,730 30 7,683 19145 ae aes 92 127 25 Ooi WH , 8,621 ACH Weer a 86 126 PAT 34 8,383 1916 site eee 87 128 27,059 34 8,758 191:7* Veta ete 85 124 26,711 31 9,571 19185 eb ete 87 124 26,172 32 10,057 1919 Mao sie 86 124 *24,891 32 9,739 * From 1905 to 1919, confirmed members are given. Contributions Total 372,858 CHAPTER VII THE MERGER OARS, “Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim”. @r= ZA O the minds of the pastors of 1870-1880, the wounds pene of the Greenville convention were beyond the rad ___| power of healing. In some sections of the synod, ‘We\| notably Armstrong County, laymen shared the con- =4) viction of their pastors, that the division of 1867was permanent and that policies of their synod should be shaped accordingly. Sharp competition became the order of the day; and altars were set up against altars wherever conditions seemed to promise synodical advantage. This practice was con- tinued as late as the year 1900, and even later, creating deep personal resentments not easily forgotten. [The promise of a better order of things did not appear until near the close of the nineteenth century, when many young men from eastern synods, to whom the story of Greenville seemed an idle tale, accepted calls to General Synod missions in the Pittsburgh district. Many of these young pastors came from sections of the General Synod in which synodical controversy was comparatively unknown; and they were ready to establish ministerial friendships with the younger pastors of both synods. As these friendships multiplied and deepened, the spirit of competition was modified and many pastors of the two synods: began to think much of a common heritage. ‘The laymen were as quick to sense the new order of things as their pastors, and many were as much at home in churches of the General Council as in those of the General Synod. Not a few of them protested against the expenditure of home mission money for the purpose of establishing rival con- gregations, saying that it was a waste of effort that the future Church would,condemn. When the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Council undertook the establishment of an Inner Mis- sion Society in Pittsburgh in 1907, leading pastors of the com- mittee saw the need and advantage of organizing it on an inter- synodical basis; and the soundness of this policy has since been proven in many ways. When the Pittsburgh Synod of the Gen- eral Synod met in Trinity Church, Pittsburgh, in 1906, a pastor presented the following resolution: est hiels Eo607e"4 CHURCHES OF THE MERGER FIRST CHURCH, PITTSBURGH TRINITY CHURCH, PITTSBURGH HIiStORY Ofer hoi EVE PS BURGH ay NOD 167 “Resolved, That it is the sense of this body that there should be closer relations between the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Luth- eran Church, in connection with the General Council, and our own synod, and to this end we would respectfully invite the former synod to exchange fraternal delegates.” To the apparent surprise of all assembled the resolution was unanimously adopted, and Pastor Burgess was asked to carry the first olive branch of peace to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Council in Holy Trinity Church, Greenville, June 22, 1908. His official report was: “Your visitor would report that his mission of fraternity has been discharged. Arriving in the little city of Greenville at noon on June 22, we were soon made to realize that our mission was not that of a trifler. The sign ‘Doctor Martin’s Office’, seen on Main street, flooded our heart with historic memories. Could it be possible that in God’s provi- dence out of the same church, whence flowed the gall of bitterness forty years ago, should flow the balm of reconciliation and healing? The great guns in the little park before the church frowned upon our ap- proach, but within the welcome tendered was such as men can give only to those whom they recognize as their brethren in Christian faith. Never in our experience as a Lutheran pastor have our words been lis- tened to with keener interest, and never have we coveted more earn- estly the gift of persuasive speech. The Pittsburgh Synod of the Gen- eral Council returns our fraternal regard in kind. The sentiment is almost unanimous that the studied policies of the leaders of both synods, which forbade all fraternal intercourse in the past, have been responsi- ble for much of our contention and strife. The interests of men who persist in remaining strangers are bound to clash. As we learn to know one another better the interests of both bodies will be better conserved. Our sister synod is a prosperous body, has many truly lovable men in its personnel, is building some fine churches in western Pennsylvania, is full of the spirit of missions and charity, desires to co-operate with us in all our practical work, and is worthy of our highest regard. The Rev. George J. Gongaware, pastor of the First English Lutheran Church of Pittsburgh, was duly elected to convey the return greeting to this synod.” The custom of exchanging fraternal delegates, established at that time, was continued to the year of merger, although there were times when sharp differences of opinion as to missionary rights threatened rupture. Jeannette, Kittanning, and Erie fur- nished the chief danger spots. When Doctor William J. Miller was received as the fraternal delegate of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Council by the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod in 1911, it was only after an understanding was reached, that a joint-committee of the two synods should be appointed with power to arbitrate all such disputes, that he consented to speak. After that there was comparatively little friction. In harmony with this growing fraternal spirit, ““The Evangelical Lutheran Ministers’ Association of Pittsburgh’’ was organized with 68 members, March 9, 1908, including pastors of every synod at work on the territory with the exception of Missouri. As many as one hundred pastors attended the meetings of this 168 HISTORY, OF THESPITISBURGH, SYNOD association, when matters of Lutheran doctrine and practice -were debated. The Lutheran Brotherhood of ‘Western Penn- sylvania and the Lutheran Woman’s League also made large contributions to the spirit of Lutheran unity. As the people of the divided synods became personally acquainted, they were ready more than ever to cooperate in common labors. In due time came the Quadri-Centennial of the Reforma- tion, during the preparations for which the United Lutheran Church in America was conceived and born. When-the three general bodies, General Synod, General Council, and United Synod of the South, were merged in New York City in 1918, the movement had the united support of both Pittsburgh Synods. While there may have been a few pastors who objected to this general merger, no opposition ever appeared upon the surface in any of the synodical conventions. ‘This general merger opened the way for synodical mergers in all parts of the country; and the Pittsburgh Synods were first to adjust themselves to the logic of changed conditions and reunite their forces. The Pitts- burgh Synod of the General Synod was the first of these bodies to heer the opportunity to take official action, adopting the fol- lowing resolution, November 26, 1918: “Resolved, That it is the sense of this synod that the two Pitts- burgh Synods, occupying substantially the same territory, ought to be united into one synod; that a committee of three pastors and two lay- men be appointed to meet a like committee of the Pittsburgh Synod, G. C., in case this meets the approval of that body, to draw up a plan of union, to fix the boundaries of the new synod, and arrange a meeting of the two synods whereby this union may be affected; that the sec- retary be instructed to send a copy of this resolution to the president of the Pittsburgh’ Synod, G:C. so. ithat- action: may .be taken nbyoriae body at its earliest convenience.” This resolution was brought to the attention of the Pitts- burgh Synod of the ineeriacitienl Lutheran Church at a special session in First Church, Pitteburen February 6, 1919, when the following action was taken: “In view of the fact that the United Lutheran Church is now a reality, and that on the territory of our synod there are other synods be- longing with us to that general body, be it resolved, 1. That it is the sense of this body that a merger should be effected with the Pittsburgh Synod, G. S., and if expedient with other synods on our territory, in harmony with the direction of the Executive Board of the United Lutheran Church in America. 2. That a committee, consisting of the President of enor two pastors and two laymen, be elected by the synod at this convention, who, with the committee of the Pittsburgh Synod, G. S., and the com- mittee from other synods, shall constitute a Ways and Means Com- mittee on Merger. 3. That the Ways and Means Committee shall be charged with the duty and given full power to draft a proposed charter and constitution HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 169 for the uniting synods, and to arrange the mode of procedure to be followed in perfecting the merger of the synods concerned; for this purpose to employ such legal counsel as it may deem necessary; and further, this committee shall be a committee of conciliation and advice to the congregations. 4. That the expenses of this committee be borne conjointly by the synods joining in the merger. 5. That a nominating committee be appointed at this session, who shall present suitable nominations for this committee to be elected at this convention.” This committee was composed of President G. Franklin Gehr, eDoctor’ CP Machavehin, preys WE! Frey, Professor O. F. H. Bert, and Ralph W. Smith, E'sq., of the General Coun- cil} sand: President “Il. Crouse, Doctor, J, E. Bittle, Doctor Thomas A. Himes, Charles F. Stifel, and Robbin B. Wolf, Esq., of the General Synod. After his election as president of his synod, Doctor .G. Arthur Fry took the place ‘at Rev. ‘T.-L. Crouse. No less than eleven meetings were held by the Ways and Means Committee, preparing the way of the merger. Many interests were involved and it was necessary to devote much time to their consideration, as well as to the preparation of a satisfac- tory constitution. In harmony with the wishes of many pastors of both bodies, it was agreed to merge the two synods under a special Act of Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania for the consolidation of religious corporations, by which the charter rights and privileges of both were preserved. In order to accom- plish this it was first necessary to amend the charter of the Pitts- burgh Synod of the General Synod, and this was duly authorized by that body, October 15, 1919. Both synods were then asked to adopt the following: | “Resolved, That the Pittsburgh Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church doth hereby decide to consolidate and merge into one body with the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod. of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States of America (and vice versa) under the name, style and title of the ‘Pittsburgh Synod of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Church’, and the proper officers of this synod are hereby directed to join ‘with the proper officers of the said Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States of America (and vice versa) in application to the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, for a decree to that effect in accordance with the Act of Assembly in such case made and provided. And Resolved, Further: That this synod doth hereby authorize a joint- convention of the two synods aforesaid at such place and time as the Joint-Committee on Ways and Means may determine for the purpose of approving and adopting a proposed Constitution and By-Laws, elect- ing officers, and to take such other action as may be necessary or advis- able in the premises.” The final decree of the court, merging the two synods, was made, November 12, 1919, and the United Synod thereby given legal standing was none other than the PrrrspurGH SYNOD OF AYALAWNAD S.QTOUVH NI TWIYONAW TYOIGONAS HISTORY LOR LEE (PITTSBURGH SYNOD 171 THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH, organized in 1845, chart- ered in 1846, separated in 1867, reunited in 1919. The two synods held their first joint-meeting in First Church, Pittsburgh, Tuesday morning, November 18, 1919, and received the Sacra- ment of the Altar. Doctor Alonzo J. Turkle was elected tempo- rary president, and Rev. John J. Myers temporary secretary. The constitution presented by the Ways and Means Committee was then adopted, excepting the article on amendments, it being the desire of members of both bodies to give more time to the consideration of the document, with the right to make desired changes by a majority vote. The constitution of the new body was not finally adopted until 1923. On Wednesday, November 19, 1919, the sessions of the synod were held in Trinity Church, Pittsburgh, where the by-laws were adopted and the following permanent officers elected: Rev. Ellis B. Burgess, D.D., presi- dent; Rev. John J. Myers, recording secretary; Rev. George H. Schnure Di Wessecretary Of statistics and beneficence; Rev. Gul. Rankin, treasurer; and Rev. J. Elmer Bittle, D.D., missionary superintendent. No doctrinal differences marred the harmony of the merger convention, since the doctrinal standards of the United Lutheran Church had already been unanimously endorsed by both bodies concerned. ‘The doctrinal basis of the new con- stitution read: Pies elint ob UNGroeNOD OFshHEROEVANGELICAL LUTHER- AN CHURCH holds and confesses that the canonical Scriptures of the Olid and New Testaments are the inspired word of God and the only infall- ible rule of faith and life; that the three General Creeds, the Apostles, the Nicene and the Athanasian, set forth the faith of the Church universal in accordance with the canonical Scriptures; that the unaltered Augs- burg Confession in all its parts is a correct exhibition of the Word of God, and is in complete harmony therewith; that the Apology of the Augsburg Confesion, the Small and Large Catechism of Luther, the Smalkald Articles and the Formula of Concord are a faithful develop- ment and defense of the doctrines of the Word of God and of the Un- altered Augsburg Confession. All questions of the faith of the Church; its ministers and congregations, and of the administration of the Word and Sacraments, shall be decided and judged according to this doctrinal statement.” On questions of church practice the new body showed a fine spirit of Christian charity, knowing that these would adjust themselves in harmony with its sound doctrinal standards. Fol- lowing strict Lutheran usage in all her official work, her con- stitution safeguarded the rights of the individual parishes. ‘The hardest problem was the readjustment of institutional support, but even this yielded under the logic of merger principles. The merger of the Women’s Missionary Societies was effected in Bethany Church, Pittsburgh, November 19, 1919, when a new charter was secured and Mrs. C. L. Herbster chosen Wiz HISTORY ORDER EAP EOL SBURG TL movin CD as the first president. ‘The first Women’s Missionary Society on this territory was organized by Mrs. G. W. Leisher in Bethel Church of Armstrong County in the summer of 1878. The fol- lowing prophetic statement concerning this important work 1s found in the report of the Committee on Foreign Missions to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod of 1878: “The organization of Children’s and Women’s Foreign Missionary Societies has inaugurated a new period in the history of missionary work. That was a happy thought which expressed itself in the selec- tion of a children’s missionary. The hope of evangelizing the heathen world rests mainly in the training and Christian education of the heathen youth, and who better than our children can be enlisted in such a cause? Besides, who as much as woman can feel the wrongs of heathen women, oppressed by heathen tyranny and crushed by a slavery unalleviated by the Christian’s hope? The Foreign Missions Committee would urge the pastors of this Synod to organize Women’s and Children’s Societies in every congregation if possible. Wheeling, Worthington, and Apollo report Children’s Missionary Societies prosperous. Venango and Amity report Women’s Missionary Societies, and the Kittanning charge two Women’s Missionary Societies, also Children’s Missionary Societies in each of its fotr congregations. The Women’s Missionary Society of Bethel congregation of this charge has transmitted to synod a memo- rial endorsed by the Women’s Missionary Society of Emmanuel congre- tion. We suggest that these papers be read, and according to their re- quest the committee offer the following resolutions: ¢ . ° . . ’ _ Resolved, That Synod at this meeting organize a Synodical Women’s Missionary Society, to which all the societies of congregations of Synod shall be auxiliary. Also Resolved, That the Conferences of this Synod at once arrange for meetings in the congregations in their bounds, whereby our people may be both instructed and impelled to organize Women’s and Children’s Missionary Societies.” The action of the synod was favorable, but the organization was not effected until October 24, 1879, in Hebron Church, Leechburg. The following women constituted the first conven- tion: Mrs. K. C. Schwartz and Miss Annie Earhart of Worth- ington, Mrs. Jane George and Mrs. Harriet Darbaker of Bethel, and Miss Lucetta Heilman and Mrs. Kate R. Leisher of Emman- uel. An outstanding feature of this society was its steady and unfailing progress. No synodical footsteps ever turned back- ward, whatever the fate of a few of the weaker auxiliaries may have been. Its local specials were the mission churches of Craf- ton and Butler. At the time of the merger the society reported 117 auxiliaries, 3796 members, and contributions of $10,124. The presidents of the organization were: Mrs. Kate R. Leisher, 1879-1880; Mrs. Jennie Reamer, 1880-1883; Mrs. Kate R. Leisher, 1883-1885; Mrs. R. B. Starks, 1885-1889; Mrs. Isaiah Irvine, 1889-1890; Mrs. Sophie Caw, 1890-1891; Mrs. Eli Miller, 1891-1892; Mrs. Alexander Maclaughlin, 1892-1895; Mrs. 5. D. Daugherty, 1895-1896; Mrs. I. M. Derrick, 1896- 1898; Mrs. Lewis Hay, 1898-1901; Mrs. Margaret B. Culp. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 173 1901-1902; Mrs. R. H. Hay, 1902-1905; Mrs. Lewis Hay, 1905- 1906; Mrs. C. P. Wiles, 1906-1908; Mrs. J. W. Schwartz, 1908- Psieevirs tive (Reller, 19LO=1913-"Mrsy 1.1). Grouse,) 1913- 1916; Mrs. G. W. Englar, 1916-1919. The General Council women were thirty years later in getting their work organized, but it had a quick development as soon as the synodical society was established. The sentiment for such an organization crystallized in the Thiel Summer School; and the society was organized in First Church, Pittsburgh, Octo- ber 29, 1909, when 317 delegates and visitors were present. Such missionary zeal characterized this first meeting that a large number of auxiliarres were organized within a few months. At the merger convention the society enrolled 127 auxiliaries, 3755 members, and contributions of more than $10,000. ‘The Spring Garden Mission was one of their most popular specials. Their presidents were: Miss Zoe I. Hirt, 1909-1915; Mrs. C. L. Herbster, 1915-1919. The Merger Pittsburgh Synod began its work with 244 pas- tors, 318 churches, and 64,582 confirmed members; but this - large reunited constituency did not by any means include all the Lutherans of western Pennsylvania and the Ohio Valley. Missour1 and Ohio still retained strong organizations, and separate synods were also maintained for the Slovaks, Swedes, Finns, and Danes. Many of the irregularities arising from the competitive days of 1868-1919 remained, and there was still some overlapping of synods on the western, eastern and southern borders of the Pittsburgh Synod. Because of the strength needed to maintain the institutions of the synod, no at- tempt was made at the moment to effect readjustments. In the following table of the Evangelical Lutheran Churches of the ter- ritory all the churches of 24 counties of western Pennsylvania are given, in addition to such Pittsburgh Synod churches as are beyond these borders: HISTORY ‘OF “THE ‘PITTSBURGH SYNOD 174 s[ned “3S “yooppesg|6e Januewuwiy popper |ge popperg ‘yooppeig ISU ‘yooppeig S MoIpUuYy “1S ‘TJaMsog sereeerreversevenccerancssssnreneceerenneces s uyot IS ‘yenbog uoi1gey ‘aT[fAsmelq Le 9¢ Se ve ee ce Ss [ned WS ‘StoutoD sirelg 6 Ausy So V YeAOIS sean eeereeeeeeerenes ysingsiydg 00Z se eveecccscceccnscsce IBUO], “A = ge Heer eer eee enseeneeeeeees Ausy soi V errr rr errr UBULID4 -YSt[suyy TUPELO Pee eee eee eee) IINOSSITT ose PTeeeee Tee eee rere eee eres) JIoqlesuryy “A Ze COUPEE C EMEP OCS E OSE ESE eE EES Aus so [V ween eneee YSIpeMsS - ys sury eee eee eee eneee euejsnsny OOF Pee ee eee ee ee erey uosue py xT Ss 9¢ eee e rere reer eeeseeeeenee Ausyso[yv ysings}}id OZT 19jSqiof{ Mw AS ce eee rere r errr ri rri rrr Ausy sal, V ysings}ud C8Z se eeececceccccesessccecees UI9}1S HH 2a) re Saetdiee scans se oeanace rats JOS IIWIOS Auey sey ols SuiccirucihelW@en tr aecees desc uslaue's aira/aiae yueoR A ¢¢ eee eescccccces PUPTATOU SIM ysings}Hd CCT PPYTTTTITILELET Tie I9yYeyIs N Ze seen eee nent tenerseeneesssene euPIpUy ysings}Ud P87 eee ccccrcccccccvesccscesersece Z40'T ‘WH ali LS reece UOLLe S| Srp Bulg [eee OWWO|Lp tet yosng “M *D o¢ UO}SUTYSe MA ysings}yd PSI sc eeccecvevcssccscoes jneusqg “A ‘HH 6Z SuOISULIY ysingsipd CCL peeeeereececcccessonee AJ19999 7 si ‘qd 87 Oe Pe USO e TOR TSEC See SSS er ey JOUIIMP’T ee reereee TUONS Cr emer e eee eee seas eneeseene usuouoy ‘Vv lz eee ee pocicaiaasaonertecaye JOS TIMIOS aisle Auvy Soi V 16S ueiyseg aT ea) 0% PTUTITITT LETT) J9SIIWIOS see Auey say 8S pjoqn’y 2 | YW CZ rs cecdebcseeec ets Ausy sa V ysingsiid CLE . Aayueyy “a ¢ bZ a dnc eUt ccenceneccancencaveeves IdAeIT ysings}iud oor eeee 1V9YIS uyof vA Peeeere rer eee eee e eee ee eee ees IJAbIG ysings}ig 16Z nee yoo, ‘d “A CL, Deere rere wer eeeeeseeeesesseees UOLIeTD ysings}}g PILZ eee uyey WwW ‘V (Ze 9SIIUIOS Aueyso[y orl I9A01S “W “ 0z savedpervcadeosnvecccncerssecese IIIIII aneoelsic clsiacside sire ssleesioa tice sie seas o1yg|¢g ald ulate sida iatvigiaa sist eae lalaos eg =a “N 6T ee 49S. 19UI0S AGBU SIV SCC eoliI9qg “WN H SI see ee ee reeseseseeeeeeseresens IdAbIg ysings}ud C6 eee enecercesecessccseres J91YOY “iM Sf ZIT PULTIIOUT}SI MA ysings}yd CSL devccereccvccvececcosses yduinys “NI Yy OL ee seeeseeeees Ausysal[V eee e rece ccoereserecesesesessreses orga pee SuudddusuVoncouneusabuanaher uelay, BCT “xy SI ee PePe Re eee eee eee eee ees Ausy sa V ysingqs}Hg OZT TERT VEPEE Tees [ESI pny Ss “al 1 gl [or a epnqeyysy YSings3ytg|7¢ “|e zazoq ‘A "1 ‘D 3 a ica PUP]OIOUISI NM ysings}ig C/T AouyINOoD Si pes) AWA ge ae SuUOIISWUIY UstUdsithGeGue ee are "TW IL ee ederereecereesreeruedeereees eueIpUy we ysingsiyg Sz ee eerecccccevoces JUBIE A OL de voceecncesececevesescene preysesy eeeccccces YSIPOMSG - ysipsurq ee euejsnsny Jopur’y uoyuYy 6 soeereeseeescceresceseeesens uosioyfof errr reer ry YSIpeMs - ysipsuy peer ccccccceccsrecce euejsnsny 89 a eeeeeeeereene PICT Y. ‘Vv “A 8 eee bosvecceveccesoccepecne uosioyyfo cee caceesccesveuseccucesecsece Ystpsury et eccccccccccccescoce ysings}id $7 oeeeccccssees ddny “al sey =f) J eae xsnoeNavsuisa tea veaeose cress Jgping ysings}iidg 89 Pecauawecas te Teneo aenetee ney, ei jneg 9 Pererrreere rere errr errr reer ee IDABIG ysingsiigd eee eee eee ee wees T9yoOIVY MM Xai “Tay ¢ ee eee eee ee eee ees Hel ysingsiud OOF eee eeee eee e ree ee eee eee ey d[9090g af +o) b }eSIIWIOG UTE Til CO me line mane ee T2YeuOT[S “*) “M fs JAaSIBIWOS ASEH EAU PIS) PAGANS. © |] Re ae ee IDYeUOTS ““) “MM z JOSIIWOS AUEU SONY 1601 | ye sd Lee TaN) Resa a ae PUP[PIOUIISIN CSTE Sa 711) Cama aaa aa Ajytoysneqd “YH “aT Z| | O Piel Ss ALNONOOD c SUYOLSVd AO ; | AOIVONONV'I | GONAS = UOLS Vd Be ct Redes avon Sov ssaae seca tacanes eee wdyaTqIeg Pug ueisyin’y “Ay ‘1owessog Deere teense ee ee eee newneeee AIPULLT, ‘ull log ~~ ueloyyn’y “A4y ‘yo0I1D susg Reet e tre eeeweee [enuewuuiyy ‘NADIE ‘t99) ISI ‘S[[ey tTeAvog ysIIyD ‘S][BPy TeAvog seeeee s neg hs ‘IIARIg WN uoi1geaH ‘a1ouTu0AYy cebaeeccureveenecvrasesenccetesstesrenessstenccs APUILYL, ‘uo[eAy sty ‘[pemuidsy sty “O “enqeiysy sR We vere seeee thee edvcesscoaeseeesens vessscese S y1eW EKS ‘euoly codes eeeereeecescescnsressees SALT ‘ojody ueaiy{Nny] “Ay ‘yoouy Joqey ‘a[[fAuosuy sin 5 sie to UOTIe]D ysipsuy teeeeeecarrensseereeee ysinqgsiiud Ceesepbecsecadegecceerseecensoenss oe quese A cert c ee eeee ween caer eeeeee cares ALBATCD “TIN TH yong 611 Te eeeeeweeenersecccersrersene euvipuy Ysipsuay GemhaetOiesemecti ances ysaingsiid ZC Seaiearas camer YUNA H UPULIO FT Seipal slg idintelaistala od welds 'b ata & pa WaiWe o Magers wi ow ee pyeg TH yond SIL AUDY SIV YRAOTS eeeeeescereresssseseoneces TINOSSTI ZT Ooeeeeeceecnascaeonees epog MOIPUY se saeessecleeeslevsesescaveersves ueioyy’y “AAT ‘gusonbnqg ZI Ausy sa V ystpsury eaetécachbabsanecaee® euvjsnsny OFT is Menaipeaeemes werent asar ee uozueg [EuAy uolz ‘gusonbnq OIL Ausy soi[V ystpsuy | * ysangsyiid |ple OY “ JOWTY My “ousonbnq ici] prey tea sere ee eens UBUWI9+) -YSIpsury ecatbvencsvocrcesssecseuse LINOSSIIAL ¢9 seseeedeesscceeas UURULIIAC) 73) ‘H Epioaisie sana as ania vauie teisieWedlee eine nels wieiuiesieiss Jonuewwy ‘stoguqd ri pleysespg teeeeees YUSIPAMS - YS Bury seeeeeeeeseeensee sense euvjsnsny OSZ Veveaeeeensanesseses psolpy Fs aur “7 seed ee cece eens en eeeeeseereeeeseseceeseneeeraes uouego’| ‘slognqd SI pyres ystpsur4y Ae peeeeareareraceeesanes Auey so] V OG ste veensenneenes AdUIe g = 8) “M teen eerecaccsevccenssesctedscsnecenctsacncccssaes AULT ‘slognad ZI pleystesD qsipsuy ee eenenserereeereeeeee ysings}id C97 se erecerescrrrerecrrsons IIpI0Y ‘d Sf sabes en cen en ceeeneerensseesenee seer eesceeee s [neg WS ‘siloqnqd III ptOyMetIy ysipsu‘y ee eewesccevseesessress ys.ings3d|601 deccavescesceees uewysyuny YY W Fee e sen eneneeeseareberereesees Ss neg 4S *STTTIN soyeiqd OLL Auoy so] V ystpsuy done Siesta dh ala tits aiviere nadie iaaiaie sition o1gd cé vee Aueyieg ‘yUuOWLIOG 601 801 edb veceeweceesceses WOPSUTYSE A ysipsu4y Rie ysings}i1 |IZI sceeemeeereeseseetetes TE ARV TGP PHT MAA | tecertcesteceresecenorensessnsecatesssecesccessees AQUILT, ‘e1ouogd 801 AU) BS ion Se PUElIOUIISS MA SUG Dame eeauapttie ysaingsid | 161 UOTZ. =F INee TESSU CIOL 90L Beene eee ween eee PUP[IIOUIIS IAA YStpsuyy Aenea t ee eneeeneesenee ysings}ig Ada Tee renee eee e ewes AULT, ‘AI19Q 90T SOL aap > Slim eddie epnqeyysy ysipsu’y eh aaaeeenoneeewes ysanqsiig ze Hicastnsemeeat css etr 19Z0q] “A “7 = be sion sieidech ces seswirdaakinseatees s [neg "4G - jedey) J9yyn’] ‘[et0d 26 uoSs1oIJof Pee new eee n eee eunmnerereees Yslpsu‘y ee eee ysings}itg OS . . Ss [neg 4S ‘sutids [99D | 16 ree e ee cee e see wn secseeneeasees euevIpuy sepa eee e enna rseernerrenscenee ystpsury bee e teens eeseneccens Yysinqs}itd \68 uetoyyN’yT “ANT ‘yaod yoo) 06 Sr witontieceeetccont ee Baneoe a ner may eer acs SINGS IITA IES Se See PT ORTON NN] | oes 9 hic erase again Sei] mM EAN LOS) G0 do eacasnceaseasesswecaey venes -9730A8 oaeis Sioiuy else ales eiaihale sidiersln o1siin 6 ystpsu‘y Sa pevc siete | Feuer ae ysinqs}ig |\ZZor Sala hia avie-dvetsiaoe views oles s ssosing rel “AT eu scienererecerareseessceeeesersiacsie AVPIUILT, “OT [IAS]TeuUUOD 88 rn SEPT OES DEAE Se Gt eee ee oe ee) et IGSTIT Gs | cs Se OIG aa IOey | ee ee Ss uyOf “49 ‘a[lAs[jsuuo0D|} 7g nae sateuue’s shepaindsWecchopesy a}}0ke 7 covinsenvderscnweccavccececcceas YeAOIS Bwobaegssscteccatese reaeenr ce “ydpuy Cot sbedesilgts eYyYyoseulo L UlzIeIY POOR SOB OOZES HSH: S$ 19}9g 4S ‘O[[IAS]]QUuUUOD) 98 | | QO Z | 8 ) ALNNOO AOVNONVI | SHdOLSVd HO |B YOLSVd HOWNHO | GONAS o | n ™ RGH SYNOD 7 } His TOR Y*ORMe PHP DES BU OZ ayeseg ysings}ttd |8Z1 COT are eueIpU] ysings}id 6r roy | (eke dace aa: uostiie yy |" ysings}yd OS IQ] [eens YSOAO Te pS TP Uy eerste o1yOlor 991 Zuolswiy ys.ings}id, |0s cop] cee jas.1aUu0S Aueysoai[V |PIzZ euripuy ys.ingsyitd |9Z eLiquie,) suey soy |SOl Basar iasccsandacagncode eee eevee 19}}0g ysipems eueysnsny Qp Saas coe ange oanrO eas uoLey)|: ystpsuay yUsIngsiitq |98 Mean Goer Le rise g Ga uoLte[) ystpsuy ysings}ig be " JISTAUIOG ysipsuy Auey say si! JAS 1QUIOS ysipsuy See ee eee nena eeneee AueYy SIV L8¢ Up ee ee B3uo1jsULIy YSUBU Gy po ys.ingsyitd |SO¢ OCT alata eiaipta a(afersiitniria/eiieis Wotelaie’ ere stnre UdIAC MA sinssletelsl> YSIpeMs - ysysury unOROCSE Odea ec euejsnsny OL SST daaiinmiiaalinatsons Cabieels panes ms JOAvIqG UBULLa+) - StpsuAy Se Race SOIC LINOSSTIN OO pC] ce IoARag 8 ystsu’y | ~~" YsIngs}}g |98T topng ysysuy ysings3id |Or sete eeeereeee ory ystsuryy Sane e nee e enw ree renee ysings}itd|{t oSurua A, yst[sury se centeeeavereseveees ysingsiydg OPT OST Sicasiedovapepsitetsctabe Suolswiy ee ceedetecnesrccnccsnsenss Ysipsuay snelsi" s\pie'voncias)~slues ysings}iid ep 6bI af EP ee: suonsuiy ene UBULId4 - ysypsuy st eeeescereenccesreree ysingsiidg cg Beri ee PpUR]IIOLUISI MA yst[ sua y.singsiiid |0z CP peedigiage ao JOUIIMP’T ysi[suy ys.ings}it |9¢ OF Fae SOE. Te SF Bee | 12019 YRAOTS Seeeveerrerscccsnecs ysings}iidg O9L CPT | inlet Nak cece daiia erate eae wisi ese 199.19 TN Remickicises UeWII - ysipsu4y Sosa maloloin eae itieieeteneels ysaingsiug OST PPI! Swen asesnescccseebadensas cranes Jopng scene eeesccscceresceneens YSstsury va eeesacentstecsveccs ysaingsiyg 6¢¢ Spl eee ececceececcsescescoecs Ausy Soy oe cceeetceneessenaasesceses ysipsuty se devdecrecsnvcocscos ysingsiid Cb ebithadete shen seteiteaenk. ystuurg | ee toONG oF URULIaZ)- YSI]BUrg | oe LANOssty OLE YSIpaMs -ystueq vuejsnsny|gce acbipa gtd tate eens teAtcae twas ystsury ysingsiig tr Esueotseateane-aaeacear ass ysisury ysings}d 19 ee ee ee eeeeeeeerveccessscens ysipsuyy we eeceedrsceceneriees ysaings}id S61 See eee neces aeeerecncnsnene YSt[sury Fee e tee reenenee ences ysings}ig ZZ URUId4) - ysysury steeecsceeesenceeene ysingsiiig ¢C7 ysysuyy Ysings33id {OLS ysysuy ysings}iid |¢26 ant ay séevesevove UBUI19+) -YSIpPsu4y deetcecvestsedssseva ysingsiiig O8EL i Bah cenaager Seg Ausy sav Mare panneels Seeantendes yst[suy LTE ees eee ene ee en ens ysings}id 61 OF 1 Saedeeevncn sevvoesse sees osueusA deeeeseneenseecrsesctenesens ysi[su4y seeeecnaneeeccrecnee ysingsiudg ce 6ZI dalvecvedvacensisosetsecwees BLIqUIey seneenseeccsseeseccsccencses ysysuy oo eeeesaccsveseveveeee Auey soy val 8zI ve scerescoceneues ave DOUIIMP’T ose cence enseseserccetscsaesee UR ULII5) Pee vecoseterssescens ysingsyiug BIZ JIUIIMP’T ystpsuy ysingsiitd |661 | JIS IIULOS | ysipsuy ~~ Auvy Soy Vy |96] CZ] eeevencceccnccesoees Suoijs way dee ce ergrectassseseenrssces yst[su7y seeeeeectesesseceene ysings}itd oz etree ees yun FT ey yuRse A yULDE A iyoog “Yq ot beeen eee ew ee eeeeeeenenaear AQUPRTD) g “M yURIE A JapaeyqS “WU “d WOSTEA ti Sees) wee nee eeee wee preuoqoryy Eli of ree jUeIe A Kaur) “a “M ATUIeVIW “OD “£ pseu “V "H LUOTI STL CS)am ieee IPINYOS “HM YOUU “AM seOoyIIN “a ‘f yUueIe A WOSPU es Ger De [193794 “SC Aysuljsof pru4y toyed nit, “M OV JUBDE A faqe[g ure] ieee har? RS es | Pt ae Burysiegd “H usuo0seg “JN PUBAU IS Ee cd s19qsioyq “YY Ds es re URE A ysouly “gq “H anuyos “HH “4 azueg “() ‘’[ AdIT “AH “MA 9ZUI "V a) uuey “Indi Rehent sed HO) “UCM ee eee eee tenner nee lapAuG UOLUIS ara Joysesiog sIMpn’y, layposiog Bimpn’y| ~ 4aoquie’yT sopteyo)” See e renee eee ee teeeraeeetees oXV W ia) souryS “SI “H} ued CY) “al sqooef “dM yz ueuttos|( uolZ “iN ‘AUeULIOS) uolIzZ “O ‘oueUttor) uolZ “TIFT Ueutsor)|/ ystIyZ) ‘UMO}SEX)|C eet ececcecscecestecsscrscanecsssserscescerces 1ogqey, ‘TIN *4q911BND |S sty “pPysre) suyof “3S ‘UIZziWTeO|¢ sjneq 39 ‘Uo}sTe*) suyof 4S ‘sanqAsiy Wales ‘UMOIBO1LY — sneg 3S ‘ZA Fn CRS Rane Or cote corre or 00 ges Doce OES Suapatig Ayuriy, “ysodse1y7} £61 Balog ‘ployee APU, “Wopse1 s uyo ‘UWOpse1y | odoyY ‘peoy urlpyuesyye suyof “4S ‘ta}UaD ulpyUuesy pena eer eens erneererereseesess srarrrerseessessaens dOR IL) ‘UIT YURI uoLzy “S¥1IOW ee eveeecccsencecnsserecccsccseesereces s uyo[ ets ‘AUD p10 seccencccbececvcecesescccccceses _ueioy}’] "AAT ‘u0jauUe wees ‘Aey|ZpT Ayiur4ty, ATOH “fete aoRlty) ‘fete y 4G ‘AID. suUeAq| Jenuewumy “euyy uetoyy’yT “AY “OTe AOA, SOL elueyyeg ‘oll |Orl YyeIssoJy ‘aly 6el IST) ‘Ly | sel SMOYWRIY “FS “MY LET ~ o0RAry SOLIT OT Hayde3g “3S ‘otal cey ts uoLZ ‘ILA | pel [Plows Joy] ‘oraz ieey os uyof "3S ‘ai |Ze1 soumefl 3S ‘YVOmMs UAT | [EL s uyof ‘UO US| UAT OE] dakowundg ‘uo 16Z1 Jasinqusqgsig ‘AID poomyypAy|szt Apuy ‘AI poomppa'cel suyof 3S “xOVT ATH 9ZI SHARW 3S ‘oAAppa|sz1 sep Nmkgramtak cen Gaviea vente bemann aes aaeaie Ss RGH SYNOD ry HISTORY, OF FL E-BPPTSBU 178 60Z seesecccssecesecescesscsccsess a3,0Kk0 sUoscseseascsueecscberctles ysipsu7q sosectevsetecssennss ysaingsi7ig Si Copy i eats sr reeat as eueipuy |" ecececabeennacseesessns ysipsuy saad basesasessaeens ysings}idg 002 L0Z sseaeececcesooes PUP[AIOW}SI A peccccecereeretssensrssenes ysipsury se eeneetaceneeeseres ysings}ig 8Z 902 neat eeencerceres PUPRTIIONIISIM Rete ene e eee e nee e eee ectene ystpsuyy Seen e eee eeneneennveree ysings}Hg IOT 60Z Seeerer eee preysesy Adeeacerener UBULI9‘D -YSI[Suyy SP ere a ee eeenetreneswetenstensernees orga CI b0Z awESeh can he sue esasieeheus pyres Sake sesame YSIpems - ys suy Pan N cnicle ne oe aiwanics euejsnsny SOG ¢0Z sence eseeseeseeweeeereneee JOISIIWOS eee eer er ener anennteennnee ystpsuy thee eee eeeeeereeeeeres AURY SIV ILL Z0Z Sasces ckuacasesecac spss tis, JAS IIWIOS esac eeetevescccveedsvvcvc ystp.suyy eWusadibece evn ssw sine Aueysoly OST 10Z whsdepervownasasecicssns Ausy sap Vv ac cuveateCanscabeussstesccesums YeAo[S seceecesevccccrenetscesese LINOSSIT[ OL 00Z Recta tr oceateeaeereaaee AuayS2][V Spas eso YSIpoMs -ysI[su4y Garces mapivos currence ses eueysnsny 82 661 Seateieeerevanebiesecsiececls Ausy sa] /V secceccececccnsecssseesooes ystsuy Wsieldie’s bee sees niesatien ysanqsyig Z91 861 ne wnwaalbawecsuscsmae’ ale AusySaTyv dovecenceveccnseessssscocse ysipsu‘y eaeveesvececessovecs ysings}iig LSZ /61 cdi seadscecavenssasenskvuncks eueIpUy cccceseceuecececreeensecce ystsu4q ces eebeseevessersesess ysangsiiig OIL 961 Sddawaeaneshrssvasactten ars Jas. 1auI0S CRRA aCHPORTeOCOL sty ee ysipsuyy Pp catvebsiesoesrduse tine Auey sav ZI C6I Crh Sek SRT PUP]AIOIUSI MA veccceceveecscccsenctccsces ysipsuy Geeneavelscsescusades ysingsiig b9 b61 peovecccesccenccesense Suo1SULIYy sae en ete rareneneraersreeee ysI[sury ate eee eee eaeseseasenes ysingsiug OPT S61 Veshe sate ance de ciomas chee > Audy Sol V aacaroceseucevecerceseccess ystpsuyq a dajbio(tinlaieis side nro e's)eease: ysings}ig Al Z6L Savas sven T “if ence neste andeeaewamelsan selec eee Ss Moy}eW 4S ‘o[epxouy 6S7 Bo7 ap Reiespancdd oases teavice ess evel uoLIe[D) WESC ene 6 sve ts ealniens > e's basis YysIsuay Nomlsistals eivieiPialelet nieatle’s ysingsiig non Ete Maisieislolsisinaie vislsteles ik aya uyey W ‘Vv Sia ae route laps otk Siatelale'cie REMa ieee loaned tn eistt = eie.ealnieis asia jenuewuyy ‘xouy Boz LSZ Fepamadabilceviesiae o\vedlees'ss.du ons IoAeIg FR COLE ICAP CAC CIS ueUIIOS) Go dawuseitesiiccesisinness st LINOSST]L 0S Seauuniaiaecivieccierale pNyIS Al “M Sn cia captcoeis ole sialnealsrd’eaiene vstels cemsladclet 5 sie § 19}9g 4S ‘qouy LET O¢z tbespankopsugnse eens Suoisuiy sesiscescenscsctevsenseveccsse ys suyy Resi awecsbe enim es ysings}id 6¢¢ Cohideairtaeieleere A]193}0q pieuisg Fon einer sein opis sinioialcla maleleinie'eiviv'e #te ests s uyof aC ‘Suruue}y 9fZ Sez ape he bad ew Aas eneled bene mn 19S 1QUIOS See sueessdnccnecsdsdaaeanevecn ysipsu‘y see eereerveceseeeeces Auey sayy 61 dite peclesswacecevassesiey I9AO0}S W of Seleicalb duicclsdichlsnbersevalcab aa tele wep neers siracese. Ge he uoIZ ‘pPOOMSUTY Ce? ax eee eee Pee eee eee ee eee eee SUOTSULLY Reem e ere eee rennaee ysipsuy eee ee eee ysingsiid 92 eee PERE ee eee ere rer eer Terre e rrr) JUBIE A PPeTURU TEER eee ee eee eee eee WUg[eS ‘SINS II] [IV PPT? S94 ST STREET JS IIUIOS ysisuyq Seacgcsrcosmeiieem creas AueySoaipy $9 VeSelseeeaie seace yloquie’yT sopieyo sodaeseoncesin aves siavncecteccnetaleevscecanaeaeees s [neg “iS WHsy her VAN Me siealaes sibs cas eosin ue balene pleyseaty ysipsuy Da ouoekis name assailants Aueysoipy re svaaposeapndes sey Sane. cenvascese rest queoR A ssaeeescqvesecsersvssncveesansioucesasic s uyot "4S ‘UIPARMIIY VAN A IfZ veewscecveccrsecesescccces PleysesfD ysipsury Sp Saniecaie sales sesivcejsinalee Auvysapy o¢ tose neeneceeeenneccenecencenseeuesnens yueIe A peeecdccceccccccnsccccscececnssceens soencees APUILL, ‘sneyqiey 1¢Z GFZ FA TOOT TTY PERCE UvISII YSIpaMs -ys3uy ei aacarealsivicaie ecm eineatetns: euejsnsny eZ Velieussiev vavsinenscele uosieg ud}IO Wen cbaicanlpacilsekkaclen(cisedpeleeeanernelnas'ens(e' YSUIAS ‘wyoysoue yf OLZ 62Z a PaNee kane cig as cine éP ccinidiarey uedy~ITV a YSIpoOMS - ys] suyy dalesivoeeceveeicnnacase eueysnsny OLZ Malolutuinie elpeleihietaiclala sinibiertisieletere yoog a ior A alcie oldieialale ulunce ei tielbio.divielelelol diarajate alaie\sitelvlemielsivisie cian alam sero eels IoqeL ‘que y 622 977 Ginsecsiiieis'= Albin Sipieio eipiplsleieisieiSieia! eliquies) a ifelaeisreiale siacalataias YeAOCIS Riieigaieistsisielsiat sitet ainieaioe uolz “AOTS a eeeeeccensvensecessces Rng uyof codearesaecnenssiesessosaeses ueloyyWy] MAT ‘uUMO}SUYO [ 877 12Z ceneeeeerssescncesucnsccsnaes BLIGUIes YeAo[S dccecvecteccevcececeseccs Linossif 0Sz Ceeevcccececteveseccsssences eBpulc ap ni Gage aald'a pierre sieie-sit o nlsinie vinielr tiejeiaew'e ssOoig 4]OH ‘UMOYSUYO [ LCT 922 oteicte inataieipiisiainsieirin en (e's ie BLIques ysysuAy wieguics sioviciesisosie seb ene Auey solv 96S ee JPeYII a) “18) pugisis ais caves leiersisteleisieielmn[sle-a)siscale| 6,618.5) mamnle/s\e weyxXo] ‘UMO SUYO [ 97Z Cre ecrereane erp aeree Blaques) ystjsuyq cen tise asco ws nase Auey Soy Con ee ee poor ATS AA eee eae a0R1 ‘umoysuyof SZ7Z b7Z sete eee eeseneeseensenseceuns elIque) ystsuryy aoe Auey soy 006 see Jayuedies "NI < cee c rec eeececcsesesesesccansecceone APU ‘uMojsuYoO [ PCT 677 Svoneovevesovsdevecwaseoee eLIquiey | ystsuryy oe Auey Solty OSST steer eee eeeresseernsease JapAéus aN 5 & neces ecccccererecssesasssssecsrsceseees Te a | ‘UMO}SUYO [ €2C CL eT eTCrUL oa) mememenna UBULIO -YSIpsuAy aed MGS aS lage [eee common ZAQIG wel GLC e eke eee ee sjneg 3S ‘umoj}suyo! |77z ZZ eLIquieg AB cosnaan UBULII - YS Susy Saat ysaingsiidg 1SSz i ate wececeesenscecesosas jouqeg AG 5G) ‘KaT UN MON OFE Std fora oe apg pyres Auey sory FAM gers agia ee ee Aico d,§ faeriqae ean oh eae " wayes “ya0d [1 IN MIN |6CE See GOREN OCC I LC) PUP[IIOI}SI NM wales’ wave were terrae ie en wN ills Se elbibis'bie'siein igia'a se Weta aber: LINOSSTIN SIL RRSP O TUR LEIOL OCcIOCLODCODOS IE. ZS105) Ta wa tevin walneal vistas s [ned 36 ‘U0} SUISUN MON BZe Lig) ae Oe purlatOUlysa vy ysingsyitd |/1T APU, “UOIUISUIY MIN |Z7E es eae purla10urysa A ysings}ug iSVACe | Eo See Se ee, anu te ea eaeee ae SI ‘U0, SuIsuay MAN I9ZE ord 4 naan purpatounysa Ay ysanqsiiug |z9 “" yueoe A suyof 3S ‘90US1O[Y MAN STE bze sotneeseererserscecceasenes JIS 1IWIOG Auey say Z/T ceeeeceesceeerecereaes I2A0}S W “| YRISSOT ‘aypTAaaquad MON Poe a Palenete ck sees oe ohiors os JOUIIME’] Nee onis He Aevowesaenanee eed ana a TUIONS 711 Sgaaioecoo Snomngchesennc” usu0Uu0 yy ‘Vv iraiutereaele dee twats asia anisia ueiayyn’y] "AAT ‘apysely MON ae ae eecccucecnccarenersees 2OUIIMP’] Gta nake YSIpeMs -ysysuy ee eesesecerscescesos euejsnany Ob et eeeresveecresescss wo1}SsCO IBIS() ‘apyseg MON EES thedeerasevassaveraeseas POUIIME’] ade Pick uptesn= sRt mene ysipsuyy Sais aioe hee nes ysanqsiig OST a eee [a Ute Sey ben ‘ap}SeQ MONITZE JOUdIME’T eAsiisesenchigeodinanenenms ace ysipsuy hon Ce ysaingsiidg 08Z qiedtenetecseee eyes suaiuag f H uyof EAS ‘apse_ MON (as JOUIIM B’T istainvaiete iain URLLAI+) - YSI[suy fees sess ysinasqug OOP tee becesepetesscasececes JOP =) “Mh Sacleanducemevisies scan tras switd i aneiag s [neg as ‘a]98®D) MONI6IE seseneee suruoyeyy NS ocGeeraee enact Rosenan cose ysipsury Scanaeosucnaeeanente ysaings}id 0s Ty if asipeied BO) ‘oyeyng MON SI¢ Tteteeeeseereccesersececceessens JaAeog Ge taisarececa ened sven wbwe'e ys su4y nas gaa ws'sb a's easier sie )sls ysings}yg 8sz “M “A ones aalene selene AVL, ‘uo Yysg MON ZTE seen tees eeeeeseeseesenseseceees uOoLIeyy Cau tade Se scoala supee Or reeves ystpsuyy nahinylseN ss Sebi ams y3.ings}ig 97 ps00g 27, rf waln cialslsialt eats stad eiseatehioiea ess = APU, ‘wayapeyIeg MON ole Pe lmaaleouaen tee osen cna as Ausy Sa V asa atagneee ten amwiehrnsiowtesm= ystsuyy Pete cane eas avae eed ysangs}ig 002 Suasa desea cideup dus catieeaste ys ancy Wy yy Suaebeecedcessuaceigaee tees a5 § ,19}0q iS ‘euoI]eN cre Veer eee ese seeseeeccsenne Ausy sot V ame ial URLUAd+) -YSI[su4y pete ereeeeeseesseces ysingsiyd C81 Aen eee e eee nnene Ja] yos wy "r) ai need ene e ene nwee nsec sees seenrenanceeseeee s uYyof 4S ‘euOIJEN aes AR OR CENIC at och acronis eliquies Rov ncetchie ce Sixes CaeaWeames ystuul gy Pet cto eaeeedenincabarageses 1u0Nns 6¢ sehause «teas cenyes cepa heat base 1yOf ofay iabys Ske aus wie salspeen en uei9yyn’y "AAT “org AqueN ele eee JIS TIWIOG Senne ete e eee eenenaeeeesereeee ysipsuy eee suey solv SBS reer) ZULIY i] 2 seenenee eke enone emcee eseeneer een eens eeeeeees uOIZ ‘aT epstsA Ty él¢ TRH ee ee rmeenernerccoereees ppPyszes[D Paden wies UBIO‘) - Ys suy LINOSSTJ 66 Jasnelynyy ah Wosevcccss basivesessseeceoebeuevsees sited aed s uyos aS ‘uosun |, tre SuoljsuA.y eros oy ee ysipsury BO Racin onmecads ysaingspig OOT veee Jayoog “a oF - ueioy4yn’y “ANT “uolu ys) JUNOT, OL¢ 60¢ ceenececeocoses PUPTIIOWISI AA ysipsury danas shade wages > aie've ysings}id at cecveccvsise UBULIIY}eI’T al Yy evaw alew'sdsovis Selaninvelveieioe nies sisiv APU, ‘yueses[d JUNOT 60¢ * uPay—oOW YSIpaMs -YsT[auy teeeneseceegecceseaes eurysnsny (0s sc ee PIUTIM ‘VV uOIZ ‘homo JUNOT |8OF DES VON =) USIPOMC UST po Uh ts eUueIsSNSNY OST | uosied udl10py ogeN ‘y39Maf FUNOTW| ZOE JOUIIME’T ysipsuAy eect esa ceseneeeseees ysingsiiig OF nett teen ee eeeeene Jayooslog SIMpn’T Sereeee eer cere eee errr e errr e eee ere uOIZ ‘odo JUNOT 90¢ [[eusieyy ysipsuyy eee sees ysingsiiig Or Sdevweveovassebevast Saas itcseaaen sive UBT A | edn eecevecesebcccccenesens uolz OBA "M ‘aT[ASpunoyy coe pl0jMeID seen cen cceseneeesensesensceser ysipsuAy scccccececccesccsces ysingsiig SI seeeceoseces uewypeyuny is Ww women cccccesscccnsecocscssorscses wee ys1IyD ‘UMO}IOISOJ $0e heen ne en renee en eeeenseeaeeee 91]0ke 7 ysipsuy serene eet eene eee eeees ysingsiid 91 ates seeeeeee yun . 6) wae shes heinese tes es ece sees SpeOory SSO) STIIOPY cog ZOE state eee e ee eetereeeee elpesouuoyy ysipsuAy see ce tence eneeeneeee ysings}iig I6I neat eee ee ence eeeneee los3eg 5a) 48 ete e ee eeeeneee s [neg 4S SN NNN ‘UMOPUSSIOW |Z0E cvecercesrcccsecces UO LBUTYsSe AA ystpsurAy Serer ysanqs}ig BZ ceecescccces syiodury “WN ned, nesses a0B15) ‘ejayesuouosy LO PUPRTAIOWI}SI MW ystuul yy atecvecedstensecsestecsocccvrse 1woNns b0Z weer tcncerccncestrasestanccescnrese 10 [ ofa] Kenive Sov sso UusecnaensehoeDhvascaveclbessieere's ystuUly ‘uassouoyy aos PUPRTOTOUTSI AA | UBUIII) - YSTpL SUA o1yoO|zor seensessscsceoseness TUISSAT Waser oe ee ee ys1ayy ‘UaSSOUO IW 1662 PURTIIOUIISI AA Sineleineppoakion uelITe}] -Ysipsury OlyO|TS Perr rs 171d 189G a Seine ace sipeldresncls chosislasieine se ole/ee haauee a weme te uel[eqy] ‘uassouoyy 962 162 Say ieerasabene puelatoWysa A salesrgatieDslapia<.5 coaaely sola ci ysipsury pitas atatetcetclefeletgtetsieteie ysings}yig 0SZ Ad] PIO M ‘Vv jneg Crain en eve kes We Ri els Wa lew ei em err s neg 4S ‘ugssouojy 67 062 Speier ie talsd air trea ihistvin gels vis ue Joaevog Gare siaiaeipio'ae wais'o piniplawikte sia eieisipé uPWwiaey Ralestiigiae retain setae ysingsiid /21 vee eee Joule g J19qGO0¥Y . S$ 19}9q BS ‘eoeuoyy 062 S62 Oo MAKeopnenodeeneatsederivene IIARI_ wosnesende air ugueinsinsnanpa.oc ee ysysury ShSooccanARrad earinne ysingsywyg Z9] ected eR een atelvicinn hs bce k et Z4Ud’T “7 ‘Vv eee eee teecceenscasserereccecreresereesrstes TIWVIpIyY ‘eoBUoyN |C6Z HISTORY (ORVIHESE LTT SBURGHE SYNOD 182 Audy so V | sae eeneeeeeeusaneeesteeres . ysipsuy Steet ence eereret eens ysings}ig I¢Z sea eeeeeeneeweeeneesoane 100g ‘Vv 0) Auoy Sol VY wiwaigiaslewals sine dhasenaleme le « ysipsuy Ceaccerccccccscesees ysingsiig 02Z coceeeesevoeccseece yuno x ty uyof Ausy So] [V seeeeeeeenetereeteeee Ys suAy seen eeeeeeeeeeeseeee ys.ings}id $ST see teene eee reeengecceece ape30H a "ry Ausy so] V | see necneeseccccecseeoenesenes ysipsuy Peden eee eee ere neees ysingsiyg Sos On Spoo MA “MM yI9qoY Auay sally | YysHsug | ysangs iid |[8p fo uBuieH “a “H Ausy sayy St suyg po ysangs} itd Sel Jaseyquiog “4) ‘S Audy so] V seeee ysipsu4yy Fane eee ene ersneeenee ysingsiyg OZ pase ee eeeeseeeeeeeseees YyWWS “Mf “A zZ¢ ee derccncescesecescsscces AusYy SIV secee Yslpsuy seen eceeeeccesccesenee ysingsi}ig IZI eee AdyIog ‘Vv AN IZe ae neccncenssceocevecscees Ausy sof Vv} seeee ysipsuyy ysings}}d LeL pene reece erereee yos{o0yy 4g es) oe ececccecuseeesecioeeveens Ausy So] [V teens ysipsu‘y ysings}yg G6¢ uljysne’poey reli 3) 69¢ eee nee een ereeeeeeeseeens Ausysa][V! nee eee nena ease reso eens esaeee YSsipsury ysings}Hg 106 nner e eee eee nee eeee dORTTEM, ‘WH "Tl gge Sree ent aeeewerereseesenee Ausy sop V Seen e ee eeenewereeeesenerraene ysipsury ysings}yig pre nnn e ee eee eee nen eeeererae pneys I ffi L9¢ ree ere eee eee Ausy sz VY) Fane beeen ence eeeeeeeaeesenes ysipsuy ysings}ig 1Z8 sere ree eeerenseees sel sury “M *x) g9¢ awe neces eereeseseeenees Ausy Sse] V | Seen near eee eeeeeeeenenseenaces YysIpsury ysBings}iyd $6 eee eee eee Teer rrr er se? uuey se) MA coe aig ctaed wepeiel| Peatee wecelale ee : Aud SoTV felorcfaleleinarelatarete pieie gira siainine’s Walkie Ystpsuyy ysingsiyg 009 slatorslaeainareeiaeie sig ateiare 60 apyAN aii ‘Vv r9¢ ono,ea Bains saktercs tion ses Ausy solv endo ee arene aeenseeneresenesen qsipsuy ysingsiyg 09Z sete ee teeneeceseescease Agnys x) Za ¢9¢ ease e0escun ccceeccosowes Auays2][V | occ ccncnncccservessoscvescores ysipsuy ysinas}yig Oss cue veverscescceccce AIq anyjyiy 3) zoe cacdoscncevesscsesccnasss Ausy So V welds Ue nnsidacs el aetaaseneseces ysipsury seem ee een reeseneareres ysingsyydg gzE aia na Weiss iwalaisiela(elaaiore Iayoa gq “iM gS) i9¢ eee ecccccceseecseceseees Auay sol V dae decnavcctcsecesecessccseces YSl]sury dene eeescsnecerseees ysingsiyd P61 Sura tweens een ereessesseeeseseeeraes JUDE A o9¢ ervosdecpecietevectsvece Audy SIV sasbacipvectbesvctechbeewccevne Ysip[sury Weis sia(a lola ietetpt a ale stem in ysingsiyg O8Z iosiedie peace Sasiseiias cman = I9£OMS “ai x) 6S¢ sens eeeerecsrscremoesrane Ausy Sa V Deve ener ees ssceeeeeeetereeeas YysysuAq ataloia stata ete rsintateln aiale kites ysings}ig 0z9 dnvecevecescenocens Se[OYSIN, “a “Yl gcse eonccncdcvecstescncees es) Ausy SIV decccecccsesccccesecceseseues Ys sury gistn ath ipa nieve eteterarelelensstals ysingsiyg 6S fable ewecsccecesss Joule, nS) “mM ZS¢ ed ecevcccbecessevscccccves Ausyseoq Vy} aeecoceene YSIPOMS -YsT[sury de evceccncccrccesvees eurysnsny Sez seag uesicwnie.cecosisevis usispun’yT JOIO Gc G| ae ees kuoussyye WBUsO5) GUSlid0 dl hoe ee ojeyng|oo¢ parr wean SEES Yoltyoiq UeAyT coe neon eee eneceeseeseenese AUdY So V seeeeceesene UBULIS+ -YSIpsu‘y Deere nner e near eeneneee IINOSSTJA OZ Senne e eee eee eee eenne AIT NIA ei *x) rs¢ peer eens etecccccsucerecs Ausy Soa V deinesvcctospeys ve ctacecases ysipsuy ee eeceessccccereces ysingsiyud POT weeseecuseescsoncenccce Reb ate "a “Mh ese Wiulstelsiealeluleiai) ¢uaa'wolcsimiaiei area aay eueIpuy cintalelstslelvisieliaisisiainnietelt bis inioidialeiale ysl su4Ayq i pelelsia ols ¥je-s'eibi¥ elelerureraie ysings}ig 9L de sven see culos ecosseasiensiseicpe alae sey URIE A ZS eOecveeecesrceesvecennseses JOSIIWUIOS ve tecccccaecccrecccscssereses ysl sury see cncracsecceeceseses Ausy so] V SII occesueeneetececseceuric Aauryy) ‘g “M Is¢ pete eee ceeseseaesereseesensrecses Ioping ete eeeeseccaresesecesssaccs ysipsuy spb encenecraccveveesessedsonconce O1O| PR sere seeeeeecrosere uoddog ouesny ose paavdeeceresscerovevereves AuaySoi,v eee'aeiseadiee's UBLUI94) - YSIp SUT sve naceserececeeteresseusreesnvce org 98T cece earececeeseserseeee y41aq*y J9yeM 6bs woeccececccecce PUP]IIOUI}SIM se ceccncccsccrereecvcesesseses ysipsuy Waweseoessseovcevsves ysings}ud E27 ser eeeeeeeeserereesseees ysV “M ay eC ees) | ake HSIPOMOEYSipouy | UE YS El nal () aa ene a pun[piiy praeqd eereee ee err eer rery pooM Peete ee eeeeneserereeeeeescnaas ysipsu’y Sateen eee e ae eeeeeee ysingsiig OIZ bee ee ee eeeeeeeneeesses AIIYOSI aeT ali uostaqyjof eae e ene te etre terete seeeresee ysipsu‘y nae eee eee neewnaee AueysoVy 9 thee e ween er enee T2UupaS UOS|I AA “- yosiaya ty Meise eysl| sue eyes ae Pmossryig¢ | UIDMZS9H) “YUL ee Jas 1aUloS Cote cccesccccicveseorererccse ysipsuy oe cecvencsccvccesecesece Auey So VY OPT weet ee evereecseeneveee proqn’y eT “S| sae uosiayof va ceesercevcescegecesovesseces YSIpsuAq | ee vdvccccncecsesneces ysingsyiig Ip sgeahoen vaste accuevemeee ddny “A %<) “TI oe. ppysresyo ee escesassevercdosversesiecssee ysl sur SAREE SECO AueysoqTy ST a ibalklaa'e/ ine signe cle aie'elaale'e'sie a aicn maereaiiin yuRoe A OcueUusi | ae LRU oD) aU Sic iil) cnensts an eau aeians IINOSSTI|O0Z | JaABUIYOSIMA “H '— @ 8 y SUYOLSVd AO : ALNNOO AOVNONV'I GONAS = UOLSVd t STI eo eee s [neg Paks ‘Ysings}id Rote s,uyof 4S ‘ysinqgs}}g eDicsewstwoenets sowie a ‘ysings}iig Jawmaepey “Wy y ‘Yysings}zig vee uolZ “14K ay “AT ‘ysinqgsiiuig See Ssicone Tere YeIssayy “‘ysinqgsipyig wriseyanaes Mec cape [eLIOWlayy Fs Bee | ‘ysings}ug Sabanicatemy ten scene's AIPUILT, ATO “‘ysings}qg a eis'e niece cit asia Sera depen ele getaaek ste 20R15) en aS ‘Ysings}yg Fee eee oder races neesseeeeenseessessccceeceeseees ISA “‘ysings}ydg veiceeeedseeadeseeeswasecceccese sen’ Aueydid*y ‘ysingsiyig Cevspessnrsecednsecdeewede dese ystayD any AT ‘ysings}ig Gadus etsvenier estes scnetasitemes haces seer Aueyyog ‘ysingsiyig Sele dedecccecchrovsSeuvencasesewene J2A11O WN ‘ysings}yd sedeecedeeectacerepesnevencvercersives sees APULLY, ‘ysings}yg debeseeenvecccaeseonseececnceetails S.yIeIN 3S ‘ysings}ig Galego de aclectice vinlsiniecainahia mele S dyn’ 4S ‘ysings}yig mov cnol ee Se uolzZ “YN “S ON ‘ysanqsyig sieasielniaietetey sa siceltnasieee [el1owayy ES "NI ‘ysings}iug a aeksavs in adhe Maser oe uapiey Surids “‘ysings}yg aera Sy vem aoeIg °S “N ‘YSinqs}ig Cee eeeeeseeceesonsenesseceeeeersersscscecns PyWwg ‘ysingsiiig hasta aetna slauieaae ed ydjopy Aeysnsy ‘ysingsiig o Xo 4:6 se bins o¥/slaiv'e.ainnd eesieeo's dle Seuoyy nC ‘ysings}ig AOI, ‘aareoyg syneg 4S ‘usreojig eee eee ee ee eee ee eee ee eee res uOLZ “dML ould S Pen 3S WH surg eee ee eee eee reer rere rey Ss uyo, 4S “O[PLASA9}Og SuYyOf 4S ‘a[]TAsA110g uoIqoyy ‘ude 4S “BA “MM ‘Sainqssays1eg osIpeied asipeieg uolZ “3A ‘010g jure edoyYT poor) “GC ‘asesg URIOyN’T “Arty ‘e}URTO ts teeeeeeeerecee ys14yD ‘AWD 16) HOYWNHO 6LE gZe LLe gle cZe ple eZe IZZe Ize oze 69¢ goe Z9¢ 998 cog poe egg Z9¢ 19¢ g9¢ 6S¢ iSSe Le 9s¢ coe poe egg Zoe IS¢ oce uetloyy’y “AY ‘UUs j6pe 8c Lbe OPE sre bye eve che [pe y ° 183 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD OSIOUIOG | UST RO Pee ee eee eee eee e ee eee eee rer uos19yfof SR eee mene e ene rae eeaeeeeenes ysipsuy eee e en eetesesessseseest coos yas 19awW0g eee eee ee eee eee ee Te eee ee eee YSsipsuy Poe eee eee eee eee eee eer rr ey Suoijsuiy ee Pee eT eee eee eee eee cere eres ysis cadecbucvescsepusasenasade ppysegyyg WWePaRaaeene sinsa clade esicveDeudas Ysipsury ee ae a TaNeoa | rs ness) ge cites Ree Bee oper DoA@eg ie a eer sig ciety awsuiriea ta was anh a Sante pe uosi9yof Petey er ke UO IOC COL) YStpsuAy eee eee ee CO CEES COS SCS SOS eeO Ceres eee CI se neeneene YSIpIMS - Ys suAy Ser ebuit eee bewanee hast ies ia ysip Susy Oem were eee rene eeret taeeeseene Joping Ysipsu‘y Pree eee Oe eer ee eee ere eee ee eee rey uo wry? ysipsuy beige’ TsAbIg_ ysipsu7y ~ AUDY SIV |" ystuul y noe “ UOstayef| “-" UeUttay -YsILsuAy eee reer Terre errr eee eee r eee uosiojfof oePe errr e ree ee reer ee rer rr ery ysipsuy wena ree ereceeeeeesesacesssesseses toying Ate eee eee e eee eewetereneesenes YSIpsuy Pore r Terre rrr rer ere rr errr JOUIIM B’T eee e Cee Stee eee reer errr rere Ysipsuy srtece te ce Ruiner UBsYO | STpSMS reer eee eee eee eee eee eee eee es elIquiey HOR ener eee e eee n senses eenaees usi[su4y Peete meee eee e ee eeseneee SUuOIISUIY eee eee eee eee ee ee eee eee errr ey ysipsuy eee ee eee ee ee eee ee eer ee SuOISWIy eee eT eee eee eee ee ee eee rere ysipsuy Bessintistams ete ware | -YsIpemg-ystpsury Ausy sa [TV errr eee eee ee errr ee Terre rere YeAOIS Ausysapy} UeUIII+) -YsIpsuyy Ausy soapy) Ueda -YsIpsuy Ausy soapy} UPULI9+) -YSIpsuy Ausy soapy UPULII‘) -YSIPSuyy Ausysealpy | ueUlIa+4 -YysIpsuy Audsy Sap Vy | UBULIS+) -YStpsury AusYy sa V HOO dees ame eeeeneeeseeesesreees ysipsuy 7 AMES PIRSA ee eer Oe Yystsury -- AUsY SIT V eee eer e ee eee eee rere seer ery ysipsuyy .. Ausy B[V Nn eee mene e eee ee eee eeereees ysipsuyy .- AUsY SIT V Se eee eee ee ee eee ereenee ysipsuy sees AUIY.SBI[[V HOR e eee een ene ene tweet ereenes ysipsutyy Auaysa[V ORE eee eee eee eee enteneeaee Yysipsu4y Ausy so] V eee eee ee ener ees eeeeeeeseeee ysipsuy Ausy soy] UBULI9+) -YSI[suy Ausy soapy | UBULIOL -YSIpsuy Ausysopy | ueWie+ -YysIsuy AusysapW | UPULII+) -YSIpsuAy Ausy soapy | URUII94 -YSI[suyy Ausysa[V Ausysa[V AudYyS2[V UeULIAY -YSIpsuAyy Aueysoi, vy qsings}id Auevy solv ysingsiug AueYy sa ysings}udg ~~ ysings}iidg ~~ ysiIngs}iydq “ euejsnsny ysingsiidg ysingsiyig ysings}id ysingsiiyug SE RO RAE POTCOC A OE ot wong LINOSSIJ ysingsiid ysingsiid ysings}id euejsnsny Aueyso[ Vv ysings}iid ysings}id euejsnsny Sree nee cae ae LINOSSTI| LINOSSIPA LINOSSTJT LInosstj IINOSSIJT LINOSSITY LINOSSTJT LInOSsT] TINOSST]J IINOSSITT LINOSSTJT or ~~ yBings}ig ysingsyitd| es 81 I6. 86 c9 fC OT8 Oct toe 0? 9f vst vOr vl Zc 8Zé Ay O¢ 09¢ 9C1 S9 cS IT OOF 00S S87 00S £98 Ope OSZ OTT c6 ass bby 0S9 AoyIog “A ‘OD jaf MOT Hy ef Seve eee econ erneeeeesseees Io IAT uyof Aouvan “M yYdrey sssbatstecencaesteneae I9UJIS UOSTTAA Jouieg y1eqoy A}0Q “AA 349q0y tebe eee eerneeeneeeeseees oxy ‘W uyof usissunox “( ‘f yyeulem “ff tte eeeeee [PSII MA +d We aa Feet eeereenerscreees yoyuly aT “M eee eee ee eee ee ree Lo [ ofay UURUIIAQ “) ‘FY dacvecsevavenelswssiescss Joqo ‘WwW if Stee eeeeneeeereee pjeyueddes Oe Th Jay ejeg shade aes cient ok uosie’T “S “5 MA wpesq$ “WW Cg tee ee eran tarescecceseeee AQydIq al AT ueWuIH “SAA ere uasqooe f [4e9 eeseces SIOIe I “We “Th wt0OH “YA Mf eee ee eee eee eee ee ee ee ee ees oypur'y ‘H Pe eeeerccnssesscreseeces t9doy “mM ) ares TIYIIOIG ULelyr MA RNa cee uueleutog “5 Raat oe ors pueig “qa °5 SO ane: WeM “WO cv Sooty eat 1 ek EAPC MGB EE BocecaL ero cence: STeCaR EL GoW weiysg “YT iM uewye’T “HM yoequasiy “H ‘OD Fest spose OORT uawis “gq “4 wya0"t “f *D SSOP] preuos’y meeghanat arene oe ance woqy ono weqy Yydjopy JosuaMsiog ‘Wy wrong “f “A H039qa"T “7 “OD uewysneg “Fc IeISO}" SIZE M Set MT eee ereccecceeeceeseeeeeeeecstons S MOP] 1c ‘Ainqxoy CSr suyof 3S “dM] as0ylhZr SAyWT 3S ‘poomysoyy|ecp S,MOUIeW 3S “OPANIOY |2cr ecerececenececcecceesanececcccecitcsnsses s uyof Fes ‘U0} OY LZb "¥S “19}S9yOOYW|OTh doRIT) ‘19}SIYOOYI6Ip somef ‘3S ‘“plossuryy|gtp woysTqieg “AeMSpryZTp sae sawelve onsen SIL ‘AEMBPIY 9Ib ueroyN’]T “AW ‘SIP sip Settee eewereeee uolz ‘OAOUDY bib soot Reena ote enna yOGoYyay|¢1+ ueroyyn’yT “AW “ulyueY|cib Yya’y unjseyy ‘AoumejNsxung|[[p Ooo noes ee ceed eeaerocsecenccsbeceveesscnce {sy ‘ ” 6b Peete teen eee rn eee PlOJMBID eee we ween reese esesersceraees ysipsury see e eee seeserereeee ysings}yg 87 seer ueluypayuny ms | W Pree USSU eE COU Oe eee rere eee ee ee erer rere eee eee eres ISI ‘OSUBUD \ |86h pla eee eLiquues eatiacuctvka de cattencobreertet ysipsury sealer ane ee CRORE cuey sary ee Bs 2u0.199' | oN ‘g i dale eal a Neue RR CCA RD AON SETROS eee APU, “IIIUIQUL A | /6P ae CE a pUuP[aIOUISIM i iCuraris sate iowntsabostersisl yst[su4y Rennes oh viens ysingsiiig Ceres as 1d1BaYyS on | Sains alaroipolneleveninelainie stpralaiae diode aisiatels s neg "49 ‘}LIs1apue A S6b io) a ee abe pUPTI1OUI}SI AA eA valde dncmee Paap ane secons ystpsu‘y of als[oesielo(ctreisivornaiei's ysaingsiig Vice oe ee JapAus cy ory SS Sten CO CCL OUCOL OCT RAGSDCOOA TE sano ACD ISI “‘}IIId1opue A C6P ae P6r awe eee wae we neee JOS TIUIOS neem enter e ere eearnteeeene Ysipsuy ee Auegso[Vv 99 eee i) “If ‘1Oyeg “M: = PTeeEUeUEe OTe er ere eee eee ee reerer ee eeererr rere reer. AULT, ‘euIsty) b6P ma S6P Gare ae aimee desl acsipssa ei 8 dels, 93304k8 J inva nien vielals(etiiemin elninre weutslerolee ysysury SOCOM anor Tie sec” ysingsiiig Zor ici aatalavelMieiaisVetatale(s a SUSIE AA Sy yy piaioie|nfuials¥aiathval tate) o(aleielevelslatsfelaiaielsisiaba aie) oad s neg ats ‘UMOJUOIUL) C6b oO 26h i [nia'alebaialoyetelere! org esd piecwra/ate/tieiw; le JIS IIWIOS Maisialapielelt walein saleatnowivalcsvieiele ystpsuyq cteieteloiata sraiviais iene are tala Auey soapy 6 OCH Ls COO OOn a4) ‘aye “M a aes ole 6 ble wis la,e'e'elw beni sinsid's nie dnlevivies one slesiios s neg Ste ~ ‘s1UeUu Z6P N 16P see wee AUIY SITY ToT ere TTT ere errr eee ee eee eee Ystpsuryy eee ee eee eee ysings}ig P6o etree eee eee ee eee es ueso’T ‘Vv “MM eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ees eydry Coke) VANE, l6¢ H 06P Peee ee eee ee eee ee eee ere Ty Pleystes[D Pree Te eee eee r ee eee eee eee eres qsipsuy eee ee eee eee er eee Aueyso[[V cr sete tere eee eeeresae I3UJIS UOSTIM Ree eee e ee eee eee ae nen eee ee renee Ss [ned aS “OT[TApNOLyL 06+ H 68h eee weer PUP[AIOUIISI MAM Pree eee ee eee Tee eee eee errr ere ysipsury eee ee eee eee ysings}ig 9z¢ err eee Pe ee eee eee Terre ees 19Z0q ine a) oer Pere ere reer eee eee ee eee ee ee eee ee eer! Shed 4S ‘TISNeLYL, 68h = 88h PUP]IIOUI}SI AA eae S05 ysipsu‘y Pare dines sles sis temas us.ings}ig re Diatabinialore slemuiatals ecTentaieiete layeg ‘H “MA ciate eogite awe te aa sdisatne ste tee weal cteuial fe cinled S YIP 41S ‘ployer, QQp fats /8b aialeiwrdtsloralntatesatons pUL]IIOW SIMA Str as ueUulies onde udconeas saccsbA LINOSSI fizs | peers JITIN IV of, ie Me guimrajpniees eeaiccie sire saleialecpeine's ue19yyn’y] "13 ‘ployery /Qb i 98h eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee) euevipuy eee Oe eee meee eres en ewneesee YSsipauy ysingsiyg ESI eee neers ereeneeeeens pieyory S| yy Prreeere ree ee ee reer ree eee eee eee er errr sy uOIZT TIN SATIS apeiy YVp C8 Seislewa'e SPS viele ean ).sin\ anaes plojmet evecences YsIpoms -Ysysury euejsnany 0Sz UOSTON “AT “| wistelbin diels ioe wincgie Salsa grele er dis ele/vielhisiaisiveseiere JanuewuAy ‘OTPIASNALL S8p Pr b&b wv cusseesvenoennistisanieiedve ales UdTIEM sevesecee YSIpeMs -Yystpsuy euerjsnsny ZI uosqooe fF [ze9 s cibielp ote dluielale sinlne die -sfale viele sinipiolalais'ait'e|nisieindidelsiria's ele he wales ‘QqNOIpLyL, b8h aH OS eevee csarceseresevoccnrs AudySITTV Ue eisialbra(s ain sd lelw'slb'e 4 le sWinlnie (alt 'ets YeAOTS seeneoees LINOSSTIN, wal ielaisisteleie(aiaiaiere slate sie YLIepoy ydaso{ es dedescecveesccesveessersvesedeeneces s uyof ais ‘uinzUsIe yy, E8p VA Perce e eee eee eee eee ee eee Ausdy so V errr rer ere eer ere errr ree eee! UeULId4) seer ysingsiiid OL eee e weer ee reene JoTyos uy “xy 2 PRR erent tween en een ee eeeeetaeees S [neg 4S ‘UIN}JUIIE LT, C8P mH I8b Or eee eee eee eee ere ees Ausy so] V eee emer e eres eraser eenerane ysisuy ysingsiyd 6ST er Pe Cee eee eee eee ee eee es ddnyy “M | a0B It) “UINUIIE LL, I8r ) Rites ae es Auay salty retin eralsle diaetro celdte o.elehelafolaleie'eatnvs ysipsuy DetiaaemelweNaniee ysingsiiig 210 ine tte k23uQ a | “I APULLY ‘uIn}UdIe TL, OS Se! 6Lb Sesce as kine PUP]AIOUI}SI AA Slain wap ob dene kelolswiats ey onie:ainia wie ysipsuy NE Pogh attics: Soe ysingsiitd o¢ Media alg Us diesels sneer sates uugyy oc) =f sindlelns 00's els wain\sib N'e's 4¢a1s'e ain-ersienlvsisinies'g a tinsislee cielnd avlaveinis uOIZ ‘sadoms 6b x S/b OE cesseccoceen Aah AusySaqy slap bsiewie UBULIA4 -YSsI[suy] PADRECC aOnoR se BOSUC LINOSSTIN $9 Mettieeiscaissianis Surpyieg | “J Vv er uBiayyn’y “ANT ‘OTBASSIMS 8/b = LLY Serer er ee ree ree eee eer AudYy S21 [V Pore e eee eee eer errr cere eres ystpsuyy Peewee nse neeeee wens ysings}}g 987 beeen renew eenseene UIT [NL YW HH vl tee eeeeee s uyof 4S ‘QTBASSIMG LLY - 9Lb Sen pepseNnedseeeasranseeinee JAS1IUIOS oMebeetteceenscnverecvastenes ysipsuy cena eeeeoececcorneranes Aueysoly Zbl ene ecseecsveescesevee Aguel[) g "MM ee sess 19}U99) “da L WUIUINS O/p < CLP ee cae héeaeh ous sapateadedsrsvseseacevexee snese stalefarstotatare nists ara tehaiastalaie rh alelale ues tabeeceneenceeceetenseaee LINOSSsIJ b7 sista] eWistdalele!lalenst vibe eibisigini siete djatele ais eaphe JUROR A cisheteiy atte ols siiata en riainiereis'e niece aceOna wlelels Saleaivie: Selecetenr< sie SinING uo! yrUUINS SL oe: blp errr eee eee eee rece cerry eliquiey eee e ee eee eee ree rery ee q ST[suyy PPeeeee eee eee errr Aueysoi[Vv O9T Preece eee errr eee ere ees Z4nyS Ss °3] eee eeee eee eee eee ees uetayyn’T at [[fystouuns plb am eZb terete ewer eene weeneee SsuotsSuWIy Pree eee ESE eC eee eee ysipsuy Poorer reer ee ee eee ysings}id O¢T eee ee TOC eee eee rere sees POE HH Wah errr ere eee ees yuResea[q IN GUN GL, “SIO Tesnsg Clb Suruoyey ssealoaelte Seevelaad selahaleeinv eins ystpsuyy Sialslnineislerscols'WbiNialelslee\ee ysaings}}ig ee cw Faaarererers aera thonseet Saas JUeIE A Aioreesoa nana doeniiagn sateen sowe fl "30 S¢) ‘s1oyyNIsyS ZlP RSP ARS RE Ree AEE on euPIpUuy False oieeasscesTiusedinsw seas ysl surq Rests anpaigowse sess ysaings}id 2 Ceaeas ora es aieptande van ealticspeisoe'are ais quRde A wedalesildeemiheelesisiaciselnel ewiats s neg 7 ‘UMO}S3U01}S IZb nit datyees sae met aA mens elaine a onto uOLIe{D smo alsin vate ele culesasemnlswises beanie ysipsuy Hongo Gee MIC ORO SIGIO0 ysings}ig Ig Aiacvantecdnestbincedeaciesey yoy yy “MA sv eesceesosneestie viene seinen s.19}9g he ‘Sinqsiaj}og "3 O/P sees seer eceees eee yas 1IUlOG ere eee ey Ysipsury a teen eee eeeneseserenes Aue SIV ¢SZ Preerereree reer rr errr ere) Ysipsuryy Ss =f POOR meee e entree eee eenee uelsyyn’yT ANT ‘UMO}SIAOYS 69b JOS IVUING RRO n twee eee ew en eenneee ysipsuy eee e twee eaten enes Auey solv gs POPPE eee Eee eee Pere eres AIYIIG aT oe) POee PURE COU OOOO SOC eee eee e eee) opr‘) ‘yooId AUOYS 89b Japing dveevedencecsesevsenngiosssens ystpsu‘q etgee'disielowicidlv blenic'ei ne ir ysaings}ig 69 souesecvaseseees pleyueddes ON ae ea cecendeecavscse csc terccnensee s uyof Ee ‘yoinyy 3uoisg 19b 19019] sinatra UBULII‘) - ysipsuy Mees suer Memon se svat omy oneal oro (igre | ee esee tag coe torte ag JUROR A Srccocoseceie Strmaciecacoriece: cShopGac sna secerecch ease uolz ‘1181S 99 UOLIE])| Sala cm sigan ees eae hE ane asd is ystpsuyy Rare eoslesran osnistets i y3.nqs}iid Ie Pa shuco dence tae seneeeenestetinasteeetis yUROR A PP OSOCS RIPON Ab ORraeneintiescce ct s uyof ras TWH Jeaanbs COP HISTORY) OR VDHEPILESBURGH SYNOD 186 SHOqUIDUU OC/“GOT “SOYoINYO (Ops Silequiswut C7pP * yoinyo [ SIOqGUIBUI Sp ‘ yoinyo | Sloquist QOC a UOInONT SIOGUIIUL /pp ‘sayoanyo 9 SIOqUIsU 69 ‘soyoinyo ¢ Sioqmow pIG¢*‘Z ‘sayoinyo Cp Stoquieut 7og’g = ‘soyoinyo 6¢ SIoquisw ¢6[*6 ‘Samoinyo Op Stloqmuowt [¢6‘eT, “Sayoinyo Tg SIoquIsl Sgg‘p9 ‘SoyoInyo /T¢E 10jseq Juspusdopuy pouss ystueq pezuy) poudss ojeyng poussg rons pousg uol1z YeAojs poussS euejsnsny - poudsS 14nossify o1yO jo poudg yurof te eeeeeeee pouss Aueysoi[V pouss ysings}}ig ue) ysings}ud Aurysel[ Vv ysings}yid eueysnsny ysings}itg ysings}yg ysangs3iid ysanqs3iid b teaeneeencenenscoese ysings}iig qsanqs3id orgO eueisnsny eueysnsny eueysnsny Aueyse[V ysings}ig Auey sav ysings}id ysings}iig eueysnsny Aueysol[ vy ysings}iidg ysanqsiid oryO ysings}td| ysings}yidg ysings}iig ysings}ig OSC 06¢ sit eZ £S 092 $s9 LOC Se 061 bl ce OL XG oe £S O9T OTT 9eT 80S Ory O|96 Oee bel 86 SP9 SZ LOT LET 8cP oF OpS| cores raping GEG | cee zoying| BEG rece 49S.19 0G] L6G) puryaiounse AA | OpG |e UdITIe AA Ses vent peweneeenseanccreeseees suiu0yeyy bes eter ee eeeeretenes sesee SuIuOy ey ERE PULTSIOUWYSI AA Zes PUP][IIOUISI MA IgsS peveeeneuneceicciverteed BUuO1ISWIYy ae ee res ceeeoeeeeerssresensces YSsiIpsuryy 0¢s Seances IaAeag sb eeeeeseeanecerscevsccestened Yysipsuy GLC oP eee Ausy soapy] ULUII9) - YS sur Ree oem ne pleyseag on YSIpoOMs -Yssuy LzS SASSO OCU AL SR EOO ES Io GCS JOS 1IUIOS ESTOS YSIPOMS - Ysipsury 9z6 Lscrais bic nelareta sia ssicisie simadt sle Ausy Sa V cepeewes YSIPIMS -YSIpsuAy SZS ce senenencrsccnccosesvecoes eBlIquie) cence neesereretscesetecescers Ysipsuryy PS OeeerE eee reer ee eer reer egy AUSUSIITV weer ener eee e tree eaeaseene ysipou‘y AS ee eeresecoasnerescepeesenes JOSIIWIOS Dee e eee e eee tee eee renee eeaerene ystpsuyy ZS See eeeceeseseceeserene Ausy sol V Settee teen een e en eeeeensaraees ysipsuy IZ See e een eceneseaeesereees Ausy sav Pepe ence rene eeareeseareaeees Yystpsuy 0zS ne ee ee eees ees teeereseesees Ausy soi V bebe ereerenenareternerreesseee ysipsuyy ‘XG pe a Ps a Bae peeconad YSIPeMS - USI] Buy Sicigaa es soars aS 1IUIOS Sosa eeumtctscecinagurcosee yslpsury ZIS tere eee eceeenecsccessenccnsccusceess o1luQ ee eeereresereeecsescsesetenee ysipsury 9IS meta slefelsietsie eats Clete eseltglnitelaite warsts o1yO Saae tiene UBUI194) -YSIpsuy ere sa eeeveceeucseesenccencees Ausy Soa V sen eeeeeccneceseesseesensanees ysipsuy bIS Peer See eee ee eee ere Joyng pe eeevcennceeerecsssssseances ysipsury Cie A eee aren narecssssasasesscesaees Joqng teen ee nene een sereneseresensee (Sip suyy ZIS te eeereseneseess PUe]I1OWISI MA see eee eer ereeecnsesessceseees USI[.3Uy LIS be seeeeeongeeves PUue[a1IOUISS AA Fee ee eee een er eeenseeeseeeeeses ysl sury Ae ete | ALNNOO AOVOONV’I SUOLSVd HO GONAS ‘u0> WaT A, Sates one uoddog suas aye cerecccecvrecencecevecers s [neg “aS ‘g{doualjaZ Ors eats megane vas Sls yoy "W “W sa) Sale asleoblorelsenieuleiesis ySsipsuryy ‘o[doual[eZ 6¢S Reece ice ee Kouresow ‘D ‘ff seers LBAZTTAL ‘SSOJIBIZ |BES eS Ree. weyeig ‘QO “apo S,a4N’]T “39 ‘poomsuno x] /¢e¢ Pee crc woryspeg “Ww of] see TOIeZ ‘aT[IASBunNo A OCS Cenehineoheense qaysnyog 331095) eenGanas snia}UuOPL 26) ‘UMO}SSUNO K ces eeee@ deeelss cocdiee'swemsmaseee JOTPYN at af sovnsese Gi soumene a0e1y 16’ ‘UMO}SSUNO Pes Beene yeaieekeevesipanens joneg AE RIA An) Gece sowef oS ‘UMOJ}SSUNO X ees bawcosese sts sojyodun iy “A “VW Soeetase ves Kislesreiwiv avielele's pidln/s'e,otaies sowe fl ic ‘s £9490 XK Zes Cavwteskesvedieh lacs aesananke tives icp tive yuRIe A cnGranaee ens uel3yy’T “ANT ‘U0 SUIY IO AA Tes lessnensneeseane JAOATOMYOS “WY “Ojon JakeIg JO 9snofPT ‘UMPTPOO AA |0ES pee ecceeeccceseesecrerresees SUuO’y ‘H YW PPT TTTTTETTTT Te aoe 14) ‘UOJOIT AA 625 ase eeeeeeterereseeee puny[piy praeqd see enaeeeeceeeenseeeee teaeeeeenes uoueda’| ‘QUINCUIAA 8725 SO Age NODES ICO punjpiy pred CORE AFIGCOCCODDICOOR JOPV Aeysny ‘T9qpuUl AA LCS sere eeesccseceseserenes uozueg pray eeecteeceeesececscacs cect eeecsanes weys[qi9g “UOSTIM, 97S seeceeurecrcecescnsecece Z4ynYySs S “A cece een neeeseeeesserssonsescrnone ue1sy4n’y] “AT ‘QIOW]I AA CS vale paslawa perce xe shaes cla seas JoqQ W ait ceat Suiseasistelseshesnaabetuiewve c ystayy ‘SUIPIOWU]L AA P7S deseecceoeseces AZUIEDIOIN Bs) Hf, pee c cece en eetee sr eeesenesseusesescnuseeseeereereee s uyof 4S “STILM. ZS secre dtesvvcevecescanscnan TEA me | SET peaececesasveesereeessseccesventece s [neg ne ‘SINqSUIYII MA CCS seen eeeeeweesenserescencsers TEM met Se pean eee ee en cenceneesecenenatererenee Ate ATeD ‘SINGSULYII AA ZS See e ene een een eeneaeeanes ysiey “AT “mM Peete eee near es enernnneeeeaneeee agen Ss jneg 4S *‘pOOMp[ILM, OzS osesdesrebessstcoadesacedens leg ‘NT ey coevedaervecenssinasiied ad wsvese eee sauwelsives sine yyo1ezeN *XOOTT MA 61S Seeneeaneeaes ote yloquie’y sopreyy rete eee anenrensnee teres eee tases peulies) “A ‘yeO oH MM STS eee eeseevereccvcecertesvecssrveseses yueoe A see eeeenenereeeseererersacee ystay SEN “M ‘SullIo4 MA ZIS eee eeceececeusccusers ssnetqys “yy xe Serre ee uOIZ Cr “M ‘SulTIoy MA 91S Siajanln enie]alsdieie via sesied aiyoods ayy’ y] sveseeeeeeenecevessaseracensscasens S$ dyn’] AS ‘MOA SOM SIS acueevecnesvesseceusess Se he aN Masbecanbeustsesevecrn re > st 8 e = ‘IVAOWHY SHHSIAVd = SUOLS Vd s 2 g Zz oe ° OL ‘Stel ‘ST AMVOANVI—CGONAS HOUYNGSLLId HISDORY* OR SUH EAE Is BURG Ego NOD 190 We gps Sea cog. ‘pesueory q (scgil pousg Auvysol[V cS? CO6T-O661 *P88T-E88I “Setd 2 lEZ6l lo €e6t ‘¢ AIN( “paicy (peewee, tS ae ee ee CS)/061 | tee ere pouds sesuvy es ec 289][O meta os 6 Ue) M(SI6linw oe pouds syed (ic pea eo Sosl ‘Paulepid ®B |e06t | SPM YON JO pouds ISSgl ““Tenowayy Is4i1g ‘3,q8191g |Oget 2 smneq “IS ‘YuB1apue A |Z061 sostrceseenenncneccsnssnnsrenenereccseeracrscesenenesewenes \Z161 eee AVULLT, A[OW ‘a}J9uUU eA | |868T ““AYD poomiy ‘poomsunoz “mopesaly ‘yuoupd ‘eaeag|/68T see a a a a ee fa ~ woyyWWS ‘ay ‘TIATES | pO6T b26l ‘OE Yew ‘paid sineq 3G ‘UMOSUYO(|7Z61 ais apa se es ae ee ae eee, Jasnely, ‘ajisegQ MIN |616L €col “te ACW ‘paid |" UoiZ “IWS 'N ‘8q8331d 6161 BIJOVIG BAON JO pouds }o-~ B1300G “N ‘Aeg s2u0Y4eW|Z061 189 Ud tO Nis LO DOULA Cae arae ene Gaerne A1tIq | C061 pee ‘eq JO WMIISIUIP,|'D SU Ay ‘Uae AA ‘u0} Us Uy [S061 Pry “Sead ® |268t| CIO gO" DOUG I 81CT lan cater oy th tee ein oe [6881 a aa Ee em Uo eek gt atte rate aera ae ee ra Sea ane | Say TOC SO O)S1© [Al ‘poomuay®| ae pees Sets aus Esai divest CS a Sen ig i i a een a all Ve) Fey | aera jO WHiiasiulyy | 2HOMOCT (9291 ne eS +E ta) a Nein eee aor mec ‘S19}9q| Sieeeie aoa Pa s e 9 9 //88I[ 2881 ‘er Azeniqaq ‘paiq|3s ‘ysingsyig ‘audem 24 |Z98T ae re eee A nae rae Pe q | int hi meennrnman a (os ke SUC) Cie) Cano SAI Tey QT Gi aaa ace a ea lea, ea ae eee La ASEM) UOSTIIV HY ‘UMO}SSUNO ZX | aaaee aR Oe OF NL ae igi 9 Oo so oc een nr ‘SINGSUINYM ‘Uspieryy Burids| Ava age cenpiee see J681 ‘peurepig ® ieee ate cask a ie ae ‘yooppeig ‘3.1nqsi[eS|/68T JL Sea R et a ee ee ac mere wprea te S dad 13) Gi. ean ean Fy, doe Pete armas 1O19[1eU) 7161 leas Jlouno?) jeteuer) ‘setg 4Ssiyy a “A WUIPeIY [27 ‘edioultg [ose eee Ch8l ‘peurepio la ee sueydig ‘[aZ ‘10}9011q| ce |" L9-S9'8S-9S"OS8I-BP8T “Seq B /398T/""898T “€ F9qo19O ‘Pai pm qaying ‘etdoual[aZ |¢rgt Pos eee ok 9161 “PeurepiO & |8I6l| Pe PtQIoT 573 O. Ni ieriiet oes eN >) ps gpa ioe sehen eas |9T6I e€ | 2651 | Par oer aid. POULCEIMNOSSTIN It tiie, ot tame ae ae UIP{UR LT | PEsi | pata ae bie Pai sae sping es aah ego yOodso1g ‘191u0B1’T | Pease aes = aaa eg eg a el bape ‘QaAoIy, wy ‘Sulpaoyu AA ZS RRC ge ae ae eS ee Ee eee “" UM0Z1ISIeS ea EN ete Te | 3681|" "8681 ‘2 tequiaidag ‘paid jw Stoiey) “OQ ‘al[fasee’]|Z7/81 S060. o ROA od 2.54 90) | ae eee Ajddns|p681 0¢ Ss Line kg artes POUAG AAUP US ON on prea er non 310d991,7|C/81 62 of | Renapee seer EMO O\; POURS Fas ce SANT ‘Burpsay AA |€98T = wa e. a a oO =) “ SYUVNAY 57 ‘IVAONHY SHHSIUVd ze 2, a a pcre cane eget aase a qooef sima’yT ‘T]aq Sige To Seserras toners cease seers non casenes punuipy = ‘anojjag 331095) ‘1adsuRMSIAgG Sabie sae ke are boas a os yyWwWS Yue ‘psig SIMpN’] ‘1axoestag MoiIpuy uyof ‘AsysIIg ‘AlUsHY Sapteyg ‘ayveqiepleg ae aie oe ees uyof OVA P LA ited 2pAH |rl6l ay ||/aohor eee pouas BUC TOU] care mae a C) pea ol | OC CLI W/O Siler mk opine aks encirgk yA Uuyof ‘194yood |gg ipl) 7 Saale ae Rado oe Ree perk rye eekar ym B.1NqsYoUUs ‘gpep3utids [COL gue ee H109G TORE AA “T[PUUOG | /8 BalOGR ice a ee oa ee POSES OWEN a SHU SIS ER a EGU aig mig see SE { Pep ‘ueuyog |98 or way “N “O ‘232d US Lo ae Ee acer ce tec ome ve eae? apisey MaN ‘preuodoy ZHAI JOpNY preyory “Feyq120gq |cg eanieeenenteeeennecenecesceneeees P26 ‘peulepIO P eae eee LCE OO UO LANC 41177 (| ieee | OL ULC CMa | 1 SeLOO Che SA Racicc earchaaenc iS 676] ‘peulepig Pp pee Se FDUIIOL | MONMCTG (Cl oa coke wee eae | ee OD Vem otis 20 CICS QJ8T-898T ‘99S “1ex) & SCENE NN “OURS esq, “Sata seRye PP YOsepsly fIeD ‘1auys0g |zs ES CES LEER SEE RR EEE EE See eB ROTTS “HOOLO NAY — OOIOM MOSK Gy OVE |S AS SNOT Be)eueOS) poloaeery 18 ao ace gear cap nena agen oman R pei EMO TSU] PAOIO IEG SOG 6 aus a ee ee ee POC aS Paa eagt gee eee q “= Uy SpooAA ‘YSINGSIIGl|EZ6T | [UH WYeYyTIAA YOLIpetiy TESTE SE 6L Gates NS aS ee a SO ae ® = TelLlOWey, “Ysings}itd|pg6l | SUIT Neg 0139 “Us1Opyen|q|8z eee aa a Sara Dye are cee at q srr YOIGaH «‘3.1nqys9e"] euedsny prempy “WwI|Z/ FEES AOE EER a eB ESS TO) MNOS || NDE SOU OY Muse) Eg IO” Beg Ire duiG acer U0. G68 toe oe hear ae ee ee ee ea a ee ipa | gy js - “So61 “Saag {S681 “PAO G ~ ysoIg sn], ‘puelpreg Jou ueyyeuof ‘a[141q {SZ a a ore ee tae R Coie Stacie ye pede [DEOMMSTTOH, “SHO OSE | Jaysy Wey AA ‘towreyy [Tg |pZ Cea es LL81-SZ8T 60) 1dns SISTA, Ol | Aa poudss SPUUQI ASC Yeissofy ‘YsIngsiiid CLS TS es een ear Settey yy sewoyy, ERASE 5 Ad aaah, Sales aa eae 9881 ‘poUIEpiey E1Oggt |e ee OLIC) JOSPOU AC RSIS IC] Ne eee eee ere oe rcpt Nal os ee shyd[opy suseysny) UeUepsorg ice lies Gare eet a eS CwOSS ites a a POULS O1YQC. ISB BINS [OO CSS el ee OG ate pouty Sei 489d |1Z lk ape eee eee ee ere Se ata lie ae powsG -euueg “qse%q [oo Pw Vase MOIUCSIOW CLG Ieee: 2 a Seas Asay wen ‘Aliog|0/ alo Oe cp = amar tec aera rare ee en ed Ce Oe ewe a irae Ck a re ee uoYysIIg MIN IEZ6T [0 ylepely wuyof senboef ‘uwoursag|69 lc geen ee a (OSL exposusol | CN Tos) stars — eae POU AC AU RY Soll Wilt se sn ar tare Sage ee erate OCR TS ire ey A oe a assaf WOUIOjOS, “UlTJEq|g9 epee ae a ~~ AYU, ATOR, ‘Y91NqGs391q [6161 | II6l ‘peurepig q pousds urezyunoyy Axo yy | OSE, ADERWSS WOO IGE | Woqry wept ‘Aaxs1agq|Z9 CI6l ‘yUeptIseld q pousS puelAieyy|~-~ Bpyesuou0W “EehE§ AG SOLUS UG |[ PO punupy Aasairey ‘Aax1IG|99 gens cesanronc sternite ae a ee q poudg B1Iquaz}i AA cee Tak Binds JI][2M O06 | EIOMS TAY Sapreyd ‘Aayxsr9g|¢og b9 |"ES8T “PIO ‘ZS8T-ISsl ‘pesusor’] ke |¢zgT|~yIOR MAN JO WNIIO}STUT Surpooy AA “YSINGSHT|ISBL po YOWIUayY WeITTTAA ‘olotuax{log|p9 ae See CS ee GG0olbes to SOG Le Oey Pole | 1a cme Ok ee eine eae ai A Spay cae septa nee Jajaq ‘198891748319 q | ¢9 chs eae aS ie F681 & POUIEPIO. 4.1006 Te POouUAS SesUB yo PUPA “YSINGSIA| | POBTL [On TaN “Jasse.148319q |¢9 Hore ZI6I-O16I “99S URIs § [gT6T| oryQ JO pouds “3siq{j~~uerz “surpayAA ‘pura |P06l ig eae ae maar 8681 ‘poulepig e £061) ele NC] DUCA kK SN OS DOUAG) Cao SLIAPvo Wis ISP SU PION ISOC Tee ee smo’yT yieqiy ‘ezuag|19 ee ae AIVUIWIIS “eIIYd “Joig a eo ae ae ee GET NS Ga it MEET oe re ee ORE ate (orl JO} PIU, “seid! (6915 PIO 2 ei ons ‘eq JO UMITIOISIUIW aI “ST[eT Joaeag|/6gp po a1oposyL’ Satey) ‘ezueq|09 oe es susydajg 3S ‘ay ale ale goose hele eee snore |Foaee ‘y10ds29 OW ‘gdouaryaZ |96gt [011 prodoa’T ‘ezuag |6¢ anaes Spee oe RS Sa a ca a a suyof ‘atiy SAIIOD6Q8T [yd opy «aAeIsNny ‘azueg|g¢ [68h > SL es tenuel pod |, Suyol IS “ols UsIIe WA COST ee pjodos’y ydjopy ‘ezuag|s¢ 9161 ‘peulepio & |ZT6t | 389 AS UITON GION POUAC |S ae ee ae et se Oleh: = ger ea geen i foyyew ‘oxueg|9¢ cg lp9gT ‘paurepiO ‘¢9gt-c9gt “Ory q [S9gT| POUAS, AURUSOIW | te LUD IUOFET (COST ibe ee ee ee poor) 1939d ‘TRA ISS PITTSBURGH SYNOD 4 HISTORY" OF FEE xoapuy 192 or MS chet OS8T cZ81 [Ssiine =e ‘eq JO UWMNIIISIUITY 306 Liss ‘eq JO wntisaystury PAS i te aes eq Jo wnieysiuipy | ee errr ree OL egem Bq JO wmisaysuryy 13 ween cee ewe w ene sneer ne ence nese e ences ence reese encesenees OG [See pamconaatie ten pousS puryAieyp OS pouag eulyoi1ey yINos gOS lati ee tae poudsg o1ryg 3sey eri ag a calle > BRE ei pasodacy Sao ee pouag pueylAareyw pousS oypeg o1uG JO poudSs pee ae pouAS ‘“euulsag 4se%y AIJSIUIWE 94} podz}TUac] Sage pouag O14 3sey pe ae poudsS B19quoqqi AA as IS8l ‘peulepio ke mr B68T “02 “3deS ‘paid “PIO +968T-SS8T “OVT | )98t OIGO -JO PpouAS jul BHO eae ce 2 Pe ee POOLE Seated ys {paid “DIO ‘6P8I-ZP8l ‘Oly pouds wot poassrursiqd POUMEASEXOT cet sodida CSc. pouag sexay ocr SSgI ‘pesuedr’y] ————"—" BUBIPUT 0} PaIAOUloy Ozer “PAO *616t "OFT 4 ee en eae ee ee we 2681 aoeae oe 061| Bq JO: tuntraysruryy "Migs a RE ee q pnaen aren DOLLARS SITE ST Siig toe Ty | en robe ae ete al bal LAS ieee bated o1yg Jo poudS ‘ysicT te me oes ore tae e "N) JO WINS Oy ‘peulepigQ7 Pp ‘eq JO UWNILoSIULY “P1O + TZ8T-898t “OVvy ® E26 “‘peutepiO P SMUVNAY ‘IVAOWHY 261 ST ANOLE OL SP8l ST AMVOANVS Seay ee et gg ee TaMOSV]T|PI6| [~ JaHUeU, YOoepsty alopoasyy “yong| cl ane [BLIOWsy 1OYIN’Y] ‘ALIA |CZQT poo AR UeULIexR SsuLun4g|]Z1 fo ee ae aN] 3S “S| POs! | pieces Sedu oe Saaremaa gaa A UILIBAA|ZZ8]T [od jopy ed1095 ‘jadsanig|0zl eee are Allo, ‘oyjouueoy . | aS Q10dseo yop, “UsPIe) “Sic6gT i a ee, QOD Ugo fi “sooqnag 61 UOTE Co | tae Ol ee CE TELLOC (171 Gli | anaes cen aan JOYOSIOA “We AA “UMOIgG|RT] pe pag So SER EP ET Ee uoVel) | PO6I plempyT WerpjiAA “UMOIg|/T] SeeUOU 7 amas Nl aecGmaNG *BS311q |S681 uouueyy SeUuloyy, ‘UMOIG |9T] a ged JIOGI9I FO ACY SOIOIN PSO) | scam ae aL UB IUIOIO [i UMOT ET] Senna WAT aes oe, SU OMT COG GCS lal agate age een rene a EDs): seUTLe LL OOo Chita} eA ae udlZ “IW “YBINGSIITG |988T ueLIpPY saftey) “WHEY {el SAS EASTON AY — USN O(QTSIE |p ueAyy Wel[IA, ‘Ueumyuig'z)| ap eaaeaees ae SUITOls feet G Ante |G/9 | cuan aetna | [OSU SOO eG) (mel Oo ORG PIOBSULY \ZZ61 | “TaysaaJAG UlATe) ‘19eMI1g OL] IOS SEMOIGLEL ee ee TayeM Uyof ‘19]SS91q/601 TOUTES) OCG: lu| aaa eae pucwAey SIfIAA ‘UeWwsuuelg |XO] SEAMS DDS Tae CTT SYiCE tebe mee XL) CLAS Ty | (} fu | ai eee ance oeesy ‘uUeWOuUIIg|/(| sea y10d301 7 ‘BYR BUOUO F898} Pin ieee ee LOEL IL \\ CUO Oe dUat Tore Ot page ey PURleIOLUISI MA [GOT [Oye 6 ojenwesg = ‘aspliueyoo1g |co] seenr BUINOV] ‘UOSUIYSEAA “NIST [OCCT MOolg «uYyof ‘adpliuayoo1g |p] eS a aps Aq) SUBA‘ SOST po UT OUI AA «YOlIpstiaqy [sed qyooig SOI eee "IaXy) “SHI ‘I][TAWIQNIIS|S6QT [on BTM pH’ uueyof ‘unerg|zo] pee eas SePxoaf, ‘UOJsSnoF{|pSgl TES HESS) FY OD), - SIN See aS 74 ey bP ae ae ce Jodsey ‘uneig|{0} veges Si TREES OTTO SOS) TAO GS | eames ne catia aera aaa AluspY TIT YOSe.IG|OOI eran ce eae & AJUNOD DAIAIGIGL [OC teasqo AA oulpyuerq §6‘1aA0q|65 aaa dIOWUUOAY ‘atsIUieD|9161 | ie See eto eu M pay) aONOCIOG ee Jaysayooy *B1}OOG BAON 768] yoedsuy Youepeiy ‘s1amog]/6 WEISSO Nests 10670) 1 cummscina: aanaiel snjsn3ny osd109r5) ‘si1amog!og er oo cae as a ee Jgsneiy|go6l SENG Lert G eos ill SOE ee IGS 8 bat Ses ee ee dyiyq YUeIT “1essog|c¢ fie at ee TT aes eG CZG6ils| a ey ee nO 1096) Se OUe OMmm ZO Chan ~~g{[LAUaIqnNay}S *‘joods9A Vy “(af | Or aulorA re Soe OO Tees CLEC PILI TH QO Oia tease ita: saste asia =o eaaain ae aeeianaaaG Enna ay lajaq ‘UlOg|¢6 pce a pea Te aS. sIngstojoq IS|CZ6p | PEE LOIM, “ULOL® “100 cnI 76 oe sineq “4S ‘Y48ings33td | Ti6r PK me SHHSINVd = SUYOLS Vd a & GONAS HOUNEASLLId AHL dO SHOLS Vd 193 mis LORY OF) THE PIPISBURGH SYNOD |["SpURIST UIITA 0} AIBUOTISSITT gi Sage a PZ8I-ZZ81 ‘AtejaIIAS S98T ‘pasuaci’y q eB 8061 “peurepiO e ‘0061 ‘peulepiO q 8281 ‘pasuscr’T q —CO6T “ISTH ‘—6I6E “TO6T “S214 8681 -Z68T “98S *e68T ‘PIO 4 A ie eas Pacis heb Aah a 7 W067, “99S + S06L.."Sesd 681 “PeulePIO 4 J 'N pue “xX ‘N Jo pouss pousS ‘euuag 4seyY St pouss “euusgd 1S39\\ sevseneeseenee pousg yourig 9AlO weoseeeenene PpousAs PIUISITA JSAA\ 868T “9 39q0190 ‘peId ae poussS o1yQ sey ieee ere 906r ‘92 eunf ‘perd pousSg Aueysai[y ppererees ee Ts pouas pueyAiejy pouss oo 4sey L681 “7@ “3deag ‘pad 6lol “el 99d “paid lanier thaien tiga ae pousS wey BOWS Se OUI O73 eae. poudss ‘euudd |e1}U9,) COST Secke enk pousg Auryselly Z6ST | oes poudg sexa, COOL enaeprl @88t ‘eT YoseN “ped aS reas poukS eMoy . ystpsuy (ill Ses eBMOT JO pouds | ae ewe nen cn ce emcee een ere csc ees sec ecseessccenencsanenessascesoces {2 pear cerncoreraie PiGlierin= oe, poudg Aueysolly Dostie ee Ory JO PouAS “3SIC BOG ies re eae pours sos ety.) Libba apes pouss soul “N 6Z81|~"poudS Aesiof “"N BA 'N C161 | Sam re wae we ere eae ‘suyo{ | 4S ‘yBings}ig ‘WMO}1999eS| a uoyysIig MaN ‘joedsosd \O88T See Rpts ae 4991 IFN T1881 “Ul, “lepng ‘peoy “ue |IZ6l ‘sinqsupy| “TELM - ‘uo1Yysnig ‘SI[LAOO1g ers “OTPFAS Tre ‘Q0ust0[ qT “N{Z88T aT[PAS 11k] q |SO6T ‘yiodasplig ‘s1toqnc({|1[06T ga Tag aU eae POE. ‘AEMBPRY| ‘aypaspjousAay ‘o28 U2 U-9 AlZ88T BIONIYD ‘ASAP 7/81 L881 Aqyuno7z UOS IIT [|Z88T Sinqsssqasy ‘SUL!’ |998T i AW wostsey ‘ppydwey|si6l Sey alae a AVI) IJ9WOF{|868T B1J0OG PAON|E/8T pee, s][JV@q Joavsg ‘339M2/|968T FS8I OT[FAS TELE |Z881 ey ‘oTody|s98t 7 DES eiTaos CARTER ARNON ak Oe COST Spe ae es UeUIIOX) ‘SUIUUE}ITY 0681 A2ZPIIMIS | F761 UOIZ YIAON 6281 appaueddiys ‘We]es|pZ8T saa - STR CEAE ~~ SANQGSUITTAA 6061 OT[TAS Ie | TCL MITAYDI0G ‘eLOITYD| a ‘Bangsyorug ‘8.1nqss9y[o sf |€06T ‘gdouatjaz ‘UIMIT = ‘}WOUUIIC{ |898T Fee, Ae eating tee |8061 “== susydaig 3S “Y8inqs3itd |0061 evo oe, ae Pee hole |8Z81 aan Sri ee es ‘OQ. ‘UarIe MA |PZ6T “yoiny) ssurids ‘sowef 3S/1Sgt as IIAS]TJOUUOD, 9 ‘I9IOWUUOAW | C681 “= uo suIsuey, "ND PLO |TT6L ayiasirelg = “popperg ‘UOLIe[D ‘poomsay}e9’T| C681 Sa ek Aiey pig Sine QoeyTe AA WRIT atoposyL, diyiyd praed- Rap ae sap WeHILAA es cep eee snion’y osi0er) ‘Aou}yINOD|¢yT Sasa eae Laas ane ey | SUIT pathic tea as REA a VIIIG Ulppuesy ‘JOOD | Tr pty ptreyory SUIT Se a Ri EOE ST eizy wuorsp_ ‘3[OD/ZET Se Ean oe eee ABYS UIA[R) Sa ee ee Joyyn’yT Ure yy cS) eee ce oe jonueuly eoeeeseeecnsesnsenensntanee JON proyues senceceteesnenteeeennee snjy19q Vy aia ereetk pears Se ny PON - qoor f So ee eee qooef WeiTTM | | ween uoIBuryse A 231099 ‘MO[YOIIDHIST unuelueg Yyeresy ‘Sti |0s1 | ‘UBUISS IID |6b1 ‘A9[iID|8h1 4198 1IQUIYIIID|/p1 | ‘weUssat(9r1 ‘JI]SS2ID|Spl SEA WPLWepe1y jonuewy Youapely yersof [red .‘ueUsso)|cPrl ayoARje’T IOPIA ‘pesuoOD|\Orl ‘TQAJOD 61 ‘Ue Ut] [O)| SET jeeyorW VOqIV | $9] 80D /9¢T [Neg YAVUZ, YSIpsiiy ‘wUsue[)|sel ‘QIPTD| Pel ‘aIe[DICEL AIUDF{ ‘AQueTD|ZET ueA ‘ASTID I|TEL AoOY ‘UID |O¢1 ‘ray Usd 1B) | 671 “T]41N g |87 1 ‘oprmn gy | /Z1 A ‘ssasing |SzI ‘Jrops.ing|pZ1 | “rayon |€ZT SUPTTTM Toy4n’yT ye pared JoAeoq StI souueyo fl HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH, SYNOD 194 q 6161 “3dng Areuorssipy SI6T-ZI6I “SSI PP ® a B8gl ‘pourepig eB fe Sree ee a IZ8L ‘JUeptIsaig “PIO. *6S8I-8S8I “OI’T q Saini tee anki: * aries aiken pZ8T psulepig ® SSE ers SA td oe q jrisecerh we S6gt “3dns ‘ssiyq OOLie= 1681 “PIO +0681 “Pesuecr’T q Scie create 1061 “Peulepio ke Hl pale aig erie 916t “pesuacr’y q “ASU again Lh aihe Capt ab ihe geo pee q OG |e reer crnecnenemrnnnent q ONG core cattade 9681 -F68I “JUEpIsatg q AC Il lies im eter egy Sige geo pec eta a ei aaa -B Cleon eet oe S16 ‘JuepIselg q pe ee EO ioe! =) o rn SMAUVWAY p26l ‘SI ANOL- OL ‘Sst Be anager An P cml eae agg emery np ea a ‘3inq| | a Naan aly Cat er PRD (x DOK EGMOAOT!) NEG) ei losre at | | pep ote Tap aires wee eran “‘gypasppousoy = ‘umozIoSaes| \ | haces pega ea NOLL EIS TESOT IS ‘syioq ‘yenbog BINnQM9y INA LEST pT BES wip Sea uosyoef ad10ax) ‘19UdIC |p/] COO ee poudg Aueysalpy joo yLOda0I,T “ICG SPAH| [0G , pO AlusH wYyof “TYyaIC{|eZ1 sco = OINO JOP POUAGe IO] 2a ay ee EPeUe yd SS bas aren ay oe YIAapely sapseyyD URS ae Agi O1YO" JO POULGN 3SIg [= a esos TUN LOC UIT 688 L | WeITTTAA 3snsny [ey ‘Yoyxoe!q|IZI bik ci cee cesoe nn a amen nee ae ne come [eee 40] The etSSo mesh | | TInt en wa ae AEE, [ee ye opAH “qseM “N OC6lit =o ae pouAS Auey sally “~ QTTAIOY ee ae “N ulyuelg wreiydy ‘AIIM |OZ1 Quer e etaae ae eae eS suyo fe ‘Torte 7 a Raa og BOVUULUO YL a JapuelyassDoG 1601 =| \Paameaataaneaccne wcome NOOSA “7 | | 206 a cO6I ‘OZ “URL ‘paid ‘daysoyooy = ‘dinqsdieys|7/81 SCS ea O1YQ JO poudg yUAIOL perm ueUttar “Ausy sally |9Sgl | YIIepstT seryyeW ‘sjalyi9( 891 BOS eae cee PORAS SP Laiey | eae ee OPP EIT S68 Le ee gas eae UIAIeW BAT “IIa (91 | Rites Sopa ay GG Ma SA CIE Se [ones udtiVAA ‘YIeq s0uaIMe’T | [PaaS Sas Sea ea pS E. | ss asa aepsurids ‘wnjusiey snjisnsny saieyg ‘sua |99T C63 hineee 681 ‘“6L Jequieseq ‘paid | Syeel ceeMeeyap ase). Yelk ipebetely || ae a aMOFT enysof ‘olaq|sg] wan DT an ak ee te ates uyeidey) iV 'S “1 | POS eee ee ne p98T Ul pai |" ~ fOTOD WES THOTS UIQ Se AN SN SSS Tr nme esuy uyof ‘ojad|p9r OSQIN sees oa POCA CHES OTANT 12 Ey | anna nenGenmaan OBuUevUd A |S/8T CLS | sae ort POURS PA IOGUOFIEN\ |e ee P[[TAYOO1G | 6981 | 19ST ae eae POURS O1U() SIRES [Fo eae a OBUEUONIRGS | Naat alenw aC em ne oe assaf yeresy ‘oped |¢ot ee acer ee ‘gseueyd| | RN tees LL8T ‘S “99d ‘petIq|!-410 ‘s[dousrlaZ ‘wayelyIe|pZg8y | mo yoo9e’J_-—splaeqd = ‘Jajrepusqeaq |z9T afer reas a POURS UCI Owe Sepl | Satis Sree ASIC AS USMAGISOGT | oa ee aa premopy sapieyy “ARTI TOT POUAG BEAL C1T.3.3)]\7) | neaneenenenisnnannnin ae PHN XG GALS Iloyaey) || Ra STAR SPTIS Pee ene Sesriem aay ae a eee YeeIy Ysnig | Sea a gr er ‘QAOIN) YEO ‘Usplery “S| [06T eee ae AATEC ESD ilpee AI TOUS ECR GOT LIGI Ese eo POUA CREE ILO cy ar) 5.6 07 |e can inept aaa A ce LOG ane UOSTYIIN, = YAIWaps1y ppedsuaqned 8ST C1GhE eee CIO ROCA CIN LOI! cae eens hae oe prpydwmay wUaYysoW pAoy’y ‘yoodsuaqned LSI GIG meee POUACS AGLI BolT | are eee ere JIOUSSB FL) 7.16 [ecu maaan ee Sa uIA[e) MoIpuy ‘uUeIIND|gS| VEST ea ee DOUG AUCUSS Vi Gate ee. tee OlOO W061 Ul eater ce ae cece Joy] Urey ‘19TND| SCT O16f uses ‘eq jo wWnitoysUIy|"OC ‘puepeas[y “A SUIIVI|ZLOGL | sninf ‘AYIIUIISD| pS] Sr oR einee Cin ua Meee Cae ST Ra Grae ene mere ao Deas SINC SDE S176) ml alacant aan Joyin’y siopoayy, ‘asnoiy|¢s] CART ccewe boar ani POUAS COLE DU came ene TAOS] DOU 227") 6901, Nr nern a eatomean preyulay ‘urayUory 'z¢] (Sie Ste we a Ee ~~ gyiapesyy ‘“A4leq WezoW OIE] | ae 3 Be a. g , IVAONAY SHHSIUVd SUYOLS Vd ” ie’) Ta ° ‘ST AUVANVI—CONAS HDOUNESLLId AHL AO SYOLSVd 195 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 69-8981 pact C981 “dns “W 'P98T-€98T “99S “pio ‘T98T-098T “Ory q ‘poulepig B 26 Mee Poe Se Se ee eee 3 T61| q e e 3 [STt See —£Z6l ‘eUuUIDYaUsq JO “99S q 98T/Z881-O88T “99S + Z88I-S8gl “Sed q Col atacaeameee Rie SP8l ‘peulepio speed q q pe IN PAT ee Ce RE» LSE 5 0Z6I ‘peurepiO Pp 0681 “peulepiO ke Ad ke Re ee a are ae q 4 eS ee ies bane ae Rd roe q Lh a a COON Tey SS leo S ate) ae 9LT CL fren 6161 ‘peulepig F# 17 OVASR a ee apc ee poudg pueylArejyy O3ST a waa poudss ‘euueg IS9A4 206 Lis pete 5 C061 ‘pl ysn3any ‘paid L981 pee ee sesuey jo pouds ata Bares POUAS PIUIZIIA ISOM sO6T eMOT JO pousg “Buy BOS Nicaea pouds Aueyso[V [rcsssecrceecstescceteseceencecnnnencnnanncennerennen LOL eee os VE CUS een oeS 106: esate calcein pousg oes) Gi6l 2 a DOUAGMUUEIDUL EN poudg snyjsnony penetra te renee ae “——“MOLIOpIty Issd10s«) ‘pyeyusry’y|goz er eee YOMulayR YOMepeiyg ‘rasury’7|/02 pees ee te eee Sts a ueULIsAR §6‘$1903347|90z2 > a SYOLS Vd a Zi ‘Crgsl ‘SI AMVOANVI—GONAS HOUNASLLId AHL AO SYOLSVd 197 DMoLOR YO tHE PLC TSBURCE SYNOD bSC| reer ee 6681 “peurepio ve ORE PS Pipioere a tee Re eek St aS S681 ‘peurepiO & ees eI6E “PIO *2i6T “SFT 4 Se ae ae q ries 898T_ “PIO *Z£981-998T “ory & bob ia 6 lad Se eked ee 2 © 9681-S681 ‘ArBjeII0g q | C26I ‘pourepig Pp “SOFT “esseq “30nS: “cT6l ““psoC 2 qi 9681 ‘peurepig €Z6l ‘peulepio 6881 ‘peurepio 6981| ‘eq jo WNtiloysiulpy sineceeeeseees C88I ‘IZ Yoel ‘peg pouds “evuusg 4sey ‘@q JO UWNItoSIUI;, ‘eq JO wnitsysUiy pouss Aueysoal[y poudS pueyAreyy pouass ‘euuag [ete pouss Aueysol[y pouAg “euued S94 poudg ‘euuag 4sey epeurd jo pouds ‘eq jo UMIIOISIUIT pesodaq pouss ‘euusg 4sey paso eran Ramen w er, a pesodaq Sop Se eUeIPUT JO pousS Taree e pouss og ysey Wie ete pot ‘¢ ABW ‘poi ‘eg jo wmniioj.suipy “Ssolg ‘Jenbog “OQ ‘Use AA|C06L | Schl elena ene eee aE ‘T9A] -IeS ‘ospliqury ‘esOYy TIP A\|6681 wepy uyof ‘UIOYYISTIY|89Z pea RO, ER: I] [A001 |Z061 mTOR AL WRIT AA © ‘A017 |29¢ seciaceaeocmtatat 9 ee uorz ‘OIF AEST | SCO T eUe EMA KOT F 1997 “SINGSA0|[O Ue) e UUSNE NIG Tas. eer pe SIIN prempy ‘A914 |697 Un) ao ulsdGy COOP los) an ee wosyoef seuouy, ‘YOLIepety | p97 a[COuUslpe7 9981 fo UOISUIYSEAA adtOaTy ‘HoIIpsty (eg ‘3.1nqs19y| | -IVq ‘UoWBurIyseMA ‘I9ISGIM|P98T | Jaydoystayy ads10an “YStIepety|79¢ SSE) MON -AoUMEINERUT GY O7Gr bo ee SIAIQ, Sateyy ‘*‘yxueIy| 19 ape on ee ‘poomsuno x ‘Ata SUTIIPW ‘8TISP) “N|Z061 “OQ ‘Arq ‘JEP ‘SPD “NIZO61 | MIPUAA AOMepetT .wensmy ues |09¢ ise sy pee? ysingsiig wea og) | ONT, SYS] eT 6S “WO Ue way Bod diyC- a [eC Coe i ee uewaplisig yerIsof ‘xoy|gcz aie aaa ee ‘EQ ‘SEMEILOSN9QeT [Ae some fl uyol~ “sno |/s¢ sie e UuoIZ “IW ‘YSangsiiig |e68l [Oo MON = pporey, “TOWUT]OYT |9S7 a IssZsuqueqoie =puepaeyi77gL | + ee ele asec ‘SINGSUDIEM esoPss) e—Siiatei6l.| - == oo pusisg .sajieydg ‘Yos[s0.f| poz oe ee [esouog ese | a eT oso fy) YOO me GC MIE OPAL UC SpIa 668k) = ee Vo ouyof “rasurypory yy |2S2 So ee ee eIOSTIY) 8161 é ee a aE ee Oe ea ZA\6l | oe ee SDeEGIey. UCU Se Oldie dey.) AOI) ‘PURPOIOWITSOAAIOIGL AluafyY UeWIOFY “AOI AT|OSe viele euooly ‘arepsynylezel |p eparg §«qooef ‘19]89] 7 |6rZ ek ee Se a Se C16] [LOY WRT “Ple198231 |8h7 pylag ‘Ysingqsita|ecel | «xd YURI “TOYS AI/bC eee te I[[FAUIIIH |O88T | eke Sees epeuer ‘Suryor Toss, [Fe tere “wINqyst yy |9¢z APA oe Ta ae WIN LIOd UAT | TET [eM RISC. “TOYOST AS pC aes Bingsisyieg ‘ysinqs}id| | res sj[@q Joaeog ‘“yueg poyl96gl [oT preuoe’y] «uyof “TaYyOST | pr Pe oriek eae or ange BAOILT) YVO wrrerassecesssccrseccesero=OT]FIFOL) «-AIQTY = “JOYOSTA|Epz <4 suyof 3S ‘al[fAs|Teuuos) Be ann ace SHUI Ly mee Paste) Nes ITT |CbC (Gis eee eo oyjody Wen Uyof ‘1eUIqyUly|TtZ Se ee yseig ysnig ——“TeIyseqaS qooef ‘Aur |OrZ peat etowsyy “Yys.iInqs}id Senne yO ( Wei Sul 16e7 Jee Se ey ee ee ACTLIGL [oC yoapery « saprey) ‘ras uLypory|gez ‘EC ‘seMmereosNy, ‘0d IOIIZIY | yueg poy snjsnany wuensmydg ‘£19213 7|2¢2 S23] TOs S16 |e ae piveuury preuoqy ‘A]123307/9¢7Z Tee ae eae | NO ed Oe “= 9S3D1Iq ny SUE S| “UOMeTLM Soft. Se pieutsg ‘A]19139 7 \S¢7 eal ica Wad UOJBSUTYSEAA YON |POGL |e aIZ BAT faye UIN4sSUa yi peZ HISTORY OF THE ePiilsBURGH SYNOD 198 8161 “peurepio 9/8 ‘peulepiO L061 ‘Peutepso PO6T-€06T “S241 6161-£161 “Sold CO8T-T98T “3dNS ‘ssIWW TI6l ‘peurepio 6161 ‘Wepisetg 6061 ‘A%¥19199S 0261 “peurepiO q q P 7 eB “A CN JO wmnisoysiuipy poudS ‘[[[— [e41}ua9 poudS rureipy “A ON JO wmrsoys1uryy O1yO JO pouds “3s1q epeuey) JO PpouAs ‘eq JO UWMIII}SIUI;Y ISOM “N JO pouds ISOAA “N JO pouds pousg Aueyso[[Vv YIOK MON JO poudASs L061 *@2 YAR *prtc ‘eq JO wmMtisysiuiypy LOG TSN 2 Pee Wig Peal gees pe ed UOT}VIOOSSY | BIT]asueA’y eS US SS ea ta pouAS ‘euusag 3SI9M ‘eq JO WNIIO}SIUIP| ; pousS Aavsiaf ‘No pue “A *N Spe ee poudS ‘euueg 3sey Soe a a eS a eS pesodeq Saas sae ‘eq JO UINIIOISIUI ~ uesiysiy jo poudssg a JOOdIBALVT “OT ‘taqSeyooy |998T atAueddiysg ‘ureyes|Z7Z8T Sa a ek aa a BinqAsy sty ‘Ysungs}id way ‘sayng epeury ‘sinquieyH MON ME Le Lae qoed Sold |Z161 PT[FASP[OUAIY | 8161 Wemof ‘os “1B yT ‘MITA YSIAA ‘StOTAIRYD AgeA jeiny sjneq ‘39 ‘flidiopue, sag “Ysingsiiid ]BlIOulsyPy Jay in’y ‘ars4y ‘oy ‘eueipuy ‘stouveag ‘uouRgs’T MoN ‘eulpew ‘OsueuaA ‘[esou0d Suiuue}}y -y10d901 57 ee na areca SINGS 13] [IY 2%) ‘u0JUP) Ss Se ee Tag age }10d 994 iH Areus0¢S Aeq ‘uozyysnoig ssoees ‘udy "Ni oor | aS Sally uny SpooAA ‘uMOJsUYyOL SayM’]T 3S ‘Yysinqgsyitd lolap1eyy *e1o0o1y7) eae he se ‘sayn’yT 3S ‘olTeAT[I JANQ IW ‘ai [FASpunoy|0z61 — 2081) SN “Wsingsi1g —oyfeq ‘SisIag 3S “S31Ig cap a iy ‘apn, sineg ‘31$ ‘afyseaQ Man} 40) Bese] Suieewiie Cap Ca Snis}uOYR ‘UMOSSuNO Z a ogre eke oi ae YopetT PPM *9S9tx)|86c TETSS i eae ee Se ee ee JajJaq ‘UIs9Y+)|/6Z ) WRITTIAA £9]3395)|962 Ge ah ae aa aYUNY as1oar)y =‘ 1a]Sax)|/S6z SOE Et garg x H tAo’T ‘purmyossr)|p6z Te uueUlIsyY «BIMpN’]T ‘1putse+|¢6z Bea ae yleUutay) plAeqd ‘*Y9119q19°)/76Z se ceaeescanmae JUBABSSEG WRIT ‘sUuIptoqgsa+y|[6zZ | Aludp{ (931094) ‘BUIP19q19+) |06Z Ul[xURIA UlAle) ‘yreYydar)|6gz pecan gaia 7 PIPYUIAA aaaesof ‘13][Z}U9+)/gg7 ag al uosiiieyY plaed ‘1asuisstary| 737 aoe teal ert aL ULlpYURIY sd109™ ‘1Y49*)|987 grecti ttggteae ts ceeets Avpey wresyd’y ‘JIB YIeI+)|Sgz Shoniascssitasesakoscencns senor sc-se=n-noee o> 331094) ‘TgUIN e+) | p8z Saape a eases ~ uljieyy ‘ueipnesy|¢gz Sead ena need Aiuay ‘S19y1e/73z See ae arg me Jemueqg ‘1aarer| [97 Serer ae eos IgouedS = ylaqiayY ‘Saurer)|(08z Sra ea ere ge ee rs Aiuszy{ seusaz ‘3[qey)|6/z Jayyn’y = Ulzley sing 8/2 uyof yuely “}SION | //Z PR ae ee Inyyy adios ‘A144 |977 ipasgasateaae tio ase auasny Siswyeyd ‘z}U014/¢7z pees [Ze YUepsry Pil em a a Aas ga ae oe neq ‘Yyorpao0tg|¢7zz feet aR a eee ee Vo sareyd ‘923117 |772 Avusy wyof “241 T/122 pan a a gage a 3? uyof oh lhe ins es sean OPV Brapn’T ‘yos3147 692 SMUVIAAY F261 ‘ST TVAOWSY SHHSIUNVd SYOLS Vd MANO OL ‘Sy8l Sl AUVONVI—GONAS HDOYNYS LLId AHL AO SYOLSVd xapuy 199 HISTORY OF THE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD 9¢7¢ SP OF RO OE AE Ee WE a Re eB puke SE Sey G/8T-SZ8T ‘k1B19199S BCEE oe CL8I “PIO *I1L81-898T “OVI q eg |ocrcrrsrennentneeeernnrcrnensienntennctneteneeestes ‘ Scale 6S8I “PIO ‘8S8I-Zssl “ory e& 463 Cee 8681 “peurepig & AG gies spreenangae a> Sec ZI6l ‘Uapisatgd q q q 12 a) 2] 681 ‘peurepsicd “PML Fld. :6161-S16L 99S “OD ® “JIU “JOId ! 1681-6881 ‘99S “5 ‘peoy “sqsuseiry 'cg6r “IdNnSs "jw ee CI6T-O16T “Set +9681 “PIO we ise} ~- m oO — Ol6l ‘paurepig q | : Z98T ‘“}dnS ‘sstIyy ZOE\"998T-S98T “99S SOZ81T-898T “Satg 90¢ SO q e e por L681 6161 S681 L681 S68I ‘pasussi’y 3 *£9-S981 “998G “1ex) [IUL “JOld rr 6S8I “PIO ‘8SSI-ZS8I “ory & I881]° Se a aan Ws pouds o1gg 3sey ueSsIYSIY, JO pouds “ epeuey jo pouds eBMOT JO pouds pouds siourilT “N pouAg “euusg 4sIM\ pouAg ‘euusg ‘UID pouss “euusg 4sey pouds srourly °S ‘eq JO WNIId}SIUIP ‘eq JO WNIIOSIUIW pousS pueylAieyy peseia sWeN S06l_ .S AON, peld poudsS eMoy ‘ 2680s 8 ICV Pol. yoinyg ueLeyAqsoig pesodaq poudS ‘euusg [e1}UaD A1109) vl[ayesuoUo | y1odse1q ‘sinqyse0’7] ia Ce at pe ae ae ee XOUY UR) ‘I[[IASBULIGIS |/68T I[LASP[OUADY ausonbn¢] | 1061 ‘y40dS99 YO W|TT61 Putt |0061 ‘sinquosuyo, |Z 161 Ee ee gee, a 9881 Sqooe [/883I FUBSEd FW 8s3l [BPI1omsyy JayN’] ‘ats4yz|Z/8T SR Ee SE ag T981 ““poomusg “OQ “SeMPeIBOSNT|C06T poomsunox ‘j10ds1apnoD} PUP anes te away ‘ayepsjso’] | ‘sodas pig Ol6l “wmnz}yUIIe L681 “CQ ‘eunl’yT YON ‘poomuesg |g061 CEI age ater De Saag ‘1aJeM -asplig, ‘a[[IApeoy ‘AVPMSPRT|Sssl tees Ir “Ysings}iiq “4Slig] ‘UstIe AA “UMOJUOIUY) |968T a a SS ica aes ae ‘eaurd| -sy ‘sinqsisj}9g “IS ‘Wes[es Se et gs ee Sea eee ‘STpA| Ayuryy, “ysinqsitd uny Spoor, Jojyseoue’y 93PpplWw aTe@piq0O9S | ‘UTM IT | Rae “TOUvIS-pjoleyxZ ‘[esauoc{ |Z06T “Sinqsuosuyof ‘Aji I9suIOx{ ‘AOPPOIMIS ‘9[LPS}90’J ‘s}pue.sg | a ‘AJ SUBAY “BTISP) MON |068T UoIZ = ‘UMOSUYO! |068T Peery Serres AB T|S881 eoeuoW “YoIIseD ‘3.qsiayseg| ‘SHIP “3S *°S341d|668T ic Ww Oe AEE ||S68) es eee eae ystieg Aj MI1y, “ig ‘Ausys| ‘Wey surUitg |Zo8T P98T b06T elol etal Lyaiptoee | hae =o aie ee EO, » Mame ee REST eae Xe pueUuIpley Jepuexesry ‘uyey uyof ‘1oladusRe yy piempyy ‘layooe FT Srqetiea asa aa ES ely WeljIA, ‘ssn weyeiqy Yelig ‘ssn a tae So eS JeeYysIPL suor1af ‘ssn* BasPaSet Dera energie rags ae Sa aaa isnsny ‘uyni+ Se i nr ahah en Aejy Asus ‘UBUISSOIL) PreyNqd esd10ex) ‘“ssoin uosuyof ‘jor RYERSS) oa ABTS) Faia ORT ge ii Oa WUOlIQ, «4souIy ‘ureYyeIr AiusyE uyof ‘yea seseecnnnenseens sniynf preyury deqry ‘ddaevin aspire Fires 53 seuof as1005) ‘a1eMe suo Sarg arose eee vr ae gare aac AOY “Vou. “UBUI}}I04) ‘BUI[SS90r) ‘SULIYI0r) J3yeM Res Na ALA as10exny uyor JSuLy Bee sae eens Cana sowmef eiy a aR poossg ydesof ‘uusy*) sqieyg sninf [neq ‘}19z}e][+) sea paar Oe cea jsn3ny zueiyg [neg ‘Mose]*y) hla takes aioe Sal op Ga ee ee A pared ‘SoqI4) See ES te Pe AE ame | a eg ey ai *yaoq|I4) a Pe We ae an eE eS. oer ueUWis *‘yAIq [I '30€ | Z0€ 90¢ cog | HISTORY OF ‘THE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD 200 8z¢| Le¢| es “hs LL8T “PIO *9L8T “OVI cL6I ‘pesusor’y q ‘posusory q ‘peulepioO Pp ) q 8) ‘peulepiO 4q ‘pIuIepIg ke e ‘peulepigo “7 yeULION yoy AteddtyS “jot ‘poulep.t() CC6L ‘Pa}eysuray ZJ161 “‘pepuedsns 9681. “P2TIePIO SMUVNAY paaoura rs pouss uolz HeRAOIS YRAOTS *F101}9( |2Z61 ‘ganpoo = pea ZIG .POPUIdSNG |e se ate po =] CAOISS UIA TTC T6 I. ———— ‘eq jo wniseysiuryy fn RAOTG ‘Tosa; TeYD|PO61 sececeserecesenens ‘eq JO WNisaystulyy | YRAOTS “YSINGSHIG[968L [WR BTM T OAR TTITISE seer ee nneenenee- pouss “euudd sey i =a ae as hes. oe ®10U0(|6061 ti a EU OLE OF TOyyn’T ‘sneyy ose senseeceenee SIM YON Jo pousg "ys BOs, IouuyT al ee “OIIYSAQ19(] soure [ IQPURXIW! ‘ydney 6re sacnnenwasecnneesnenneccanranencarwnnnnaccenereacceasatennaens | *eersmsereracersenecechansoncrencerosccccentes SOTO : -uevaf ‘prpydwmay ‘a[[lAxo0y |e 161 POUNC CEU Way ao toe eer epee ee ‘WouURYS | apysed ‘Wales ‘yrodaor 7 [6ggt po YURI UIMpPyT uYyof ‘1aduIsse P| gre wseonsenesencenmrcns pouAS spueiAlepel sa Se ee AUC MA | | TH AOU, SOM OLUULOA WAI CAD [a iene ani cies aca YRATY JOUTIAA ‘URWIe A /p¢E srstesesenteentenecens SESUUY IO; POUAG I eo or et pan ee HOLES CORT | se ea Soe) Uelii ters orc Sea Sel. JOU WMS OL oe) beaks 1a ee eer ee OUST | OTC) ag OM DOUG A SUC in rae oe ee i een nee STORAGE CHG G00) an Siem ian eae UOJMION UPULION ‘1oLIeER {Spe soveendeceectnntnenct pourds o1yQ 3seA po “aodsaaypoy ‘ausanbncy|¢6gt | Oe cae ae poudS ier |‘YIeI1D spun, ‘pueyetouyss AA |9/8T UIPUeIY Seiz—) ‘UPWIYsIeH| pre a pOUAG SEU. Wa a a Ce ee SS NCIOE ||. > See POLL eo eee oer eC zor “ee Wady ‘parq ja uoIZ “IW ‘Y81Nqs331d| 1681 | eon POUAS* AUCUSOTW: is we cn RS Oe tm ee | et a OS IE IT SBCIUte) UbsSE En aye ee “ASOppele te: Owe WOLESIZ6L | ee a ath eee Py pee sesceeneeene Sheep eo tee 2 te ed | HS oy ON lobia. oe, TS a Cll Oke Te Dense rec Pome BT PORIUNEIOISII Alo are eo Oye CLD | A LION OWE Fe | 08 bey << eae ig ered, tav’T Aoupig ‘Aayrep|6ee POUAGT BYSCIGINY 395) | UVWIS4) “UO }SUISMIN, VMONC6OT |= onus eeu Gein me We “leprey |gee nase ‘eq JO uMIIeISIUIW STN Ua |s9gt pS TOquatynyy qooef ‘zjuey|ze¢ ese te poudSg “euueg yey [SONNY] 3G “YsInGsjIIg|906T | MOIpuUy wWelyIAA ArtuazT ‘uosueTz|gee seneterseeeenee L681 “pt eun{ “peiq |~——"— syeg sdoavog ‘A110)|¢6gt | oToqag sual ‘ussuepicee eeesenenenenennnns epeut, ey cE : ‘IVAOWAY SHHSIUVd ae SUOLSVd 4 o Pa Ss fe) Pol “SI AHNNL OL Srel ST AYVANVI—CGONAS HDOUNNASLLId AHL IO SYOLSVd 201 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD PI6L ‘Juepisetg q WB ae Slot ‘pasuacr’y q L061 ‘PewepiO q 0681 ‘pasusci’] q fc6l “peuleplO P SO6T ‘peulepig q Sam OZ8 re ee he Be ed Nee q aBaJO) JPW, “Jog q Spec Taay a NE €68I ‘peulepig ke [mene Ses app et) T26T ‘peulepio Pp pouds o1yQ sey pousdg euueyonbsns ce cere pecan pe POUAS BIVQUIIIT AA LI6L *8 “AON ‘pe! poudg pueypAreyy pouds YOIM Ie pouds ‘euusg 4sey pouAg org sey cO6T “ZT “90 ‘PPI pouds oro sey POUAS YOM Ire PT aes ne eae Sea oryQ jo pouds pousg o1yO 3sey poudg Aueysoa[v "eg jo WNiiaqsIUlfy ‘eq jo wnisa}sUlyyy ‘eg Jo wMNiiojsiulyy Ol6l “eT Tdy ‘paid seer aS poudS siounl[ “N seseeeeseceees ISOM, YON JO pouds ST6I ‘s¢ ysnsny ‘ped pouds Aueysoaly pousS pueylAieyy ae IE. 401T.. 9Oppesg. | megs AQuMEyNSXUNgG ‘alepsulsIdS|QO6] | resnay, jenwesg ‘sauiryy|ig¢ URS tor gon Wcteg se Sena ea SIG ee ee ee Piel oa SOLE ETRE Se TD Fee mOU TC UELE seks CLS calli Gi all scan ae ea a [IOI Meqry ‘Sauttyy|6Z¢ ee AdIPA “HY “PdeYD eA0rD|9T61 ae uYySsneA ‘OsUeUdA ‘“SIPIeES PER ee pp aC aI EPO ES ‘uorZ | ‘N ‘umjuerey, ‘eust0,y “N|p881 Japsty some “AITH|8Z¢ aries PEN I ISAT USI GSA TOS | ee me UNO PH Ace igPity RE ete ISHIYD “PAITLLIN|9T61 : PES Tks SE a ese dn ye eg OORT a es ee wt ey ee eo Lem BT Ore cas a yseyy YWON ‘asaurey eZ6p [AL “YoMepery uo) ‘pueiqopliy|sze ei pies pega age ee, IIOWIUOAY [S061 | spjoury «Yoepeig ‘uewyzysiy|p7¢ ash ree JIOdSIDYOPL ISCA|POGL | SIMO’ wre AA § Stasnapy|eze ree APULLT, “OT[IAST[PUMOD|OZ6T | Aue ye WRIA “OTH |Z/¢ a ‘Sanqyose’] ‘a[[tAxo1g |Z061 | Bers ‘QTPANOOY “WOIIP[H| C681 ROBES a en 2 CVCLET NM meOs SCTE ees Rie TE a osueus A |1061 StmMa’T jenueg ‘1asiyssazy|OZE ne ee PUTOTES Re: oa ee OU ea Sin OOP fenaoetus tar noc = Soe gsi RANE OTE BES oe oe Soumepee SSiccel.| oe ee AO ao eye ises EL iaoe aS ay ‘SINGSUDIID|pI6, | orate «6preq ‘ueUltayy!/9¢ pa Lane es BINGSIBIIM|Z6YL | AL RTT AA SS ULIAFT|99¢ ae ae WOrmsipy? JOUGL Ihc Gls 3 ae ea © OSOIGUIY Sau aH IGG es eating ‘y10odsseix) ‘yooppeirg a eoetN) “x) sulidg ‘uIMIT “UOJMON JSOAA “SEMCIEOSDT | 9/87 | Jgisuiny jenueg ‘1ajsqiay{|p9¢ eros onan UOIMIN ISIM[SOBT | dipigg §=uyof ‘zyuap|eo¢ ‘gqoiye’yT ‘uO1BUTYSe AA |O061 | sacle yooty ysnig ‘taysayooylssgy joo A eapR Sapteyd 6 ‘YyyesuIay|z9¢ ee Be PANO “FN “YSINGsS}id [p26 | re gg saprey “PIP H| 19¢ eae es APU, “Yrs 1apue A |ZOGL [Onn URI “STH |09€ pny MITAYOIIG ‘SINGYIII'T| [OGL [se Ieyy «8s1085) § ‘Japurayzy|6se Pile ae ete OSE OL8T Jn BUTTON -99’T “UB UTISFT|8¢e 6] 9 SC) ae Neue.) [anid SrgmeS Tt cdo ON Gy el | esate oe ea YOMapely sd1o0asxy ‘ajasoyxT|/o¢ Se eae ae ere PC6L [oyu WRT AA ‘tau oFTloc¢ ‘y1odsaa yoy} | ‘SINQSUIYTI AA AIDISSUOOM GEL SI ts ea ae sunusayy uyof ‘Foxy | Soe ATUNODs PIOPMEIOITZEN ha xd «) InNyWy ‘skePHlpse jet ore eae ee eS BUCIPELSSL ee ‘Bainqysee"] “f[}4yoorg |088t CaaS marten pes aR "04:4 oleh ami aia at RIS SA Em Mine 4 1157 paweraoe i MOORS, ae Uoped |1c6l See Se Fn eee OI6L nn a a, SUSI Sle pelye “WIIOMe rH |Zs¢ HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 202 EZ8T-IZ8I “99S “tex ® ii S98T “PIO !Z98T-998I “oy & Olb|"S8-988T *3dNS “PF isg-¢egst “aS q Ore ~ TI6T “ArejatIIG q q eB e eB “p1O *SI6I-*cl6l “OVI q eo ee eae q Sea a ae p26 “peulepiO Pp Sf8I “PAO ‘PZ8t “VT q SRAETRE chploh ELAR DORI q 2061 ‘peurepig e& eR Oa ee q LGD PRR ee O88T-8Z8T ‘}Ueplsetg q OGG | eo eee Le8l-9P81 “pesuaci’] 15 | ghia reat i 5 age Baeble ae as eteinde a s) ERC Se SER, Wal Ee eee . OTERO Sheehan, £5 tye iS Ee TRE A, Be PIN FEIN Te Scat ean I aR. 20S et aad q 888 “PpesueoV’T q age 1981 “PIO ‘098T-6S8T ‘°9!'T SL AES a SA and Mit 4 616 ‘peulepiO q Ra II He NESE 9 ee AG ek s ‘pomepig¢) e q q =} a " SMUVWAY i an peT[edxay | eucocr[y ‘apsed MoN ‘BOBUOW 99g, | rn rey TayoeeLiZIt ‘eq jo umMtiaysiurpy| “eoeuoy “‘AayjeA Auasysal]W|99Ql | JaysAyy Atuazy ‘sqooe [| TIp pouAg euueyenbsns | Pe EF US FY ime} OCT | a yeiesy ‘sutArT|OTp oe ook ite Sata POU SDUC TALE \tl ace eee EEO TTC (i 4S “Yysq ‘Ainqung 4S3AA|806T poukg ‘euued ISey po JUESEO PINION Lsle ee a ee JROSQ WRITE “YOPqT|60b een as poudg AueysayTy fy TTTAA “Tad ey eA01L) | Qggt pera uYyof *uOsTYyDIN FT| g80p O1YO JO POUAS “4SIC | B1QOIS BAON| P81 | parecer ate epeuey jo poudgy —~ epeuey ‘“dingsdi[iyg|[9gl | hay uyof ‘uojuNF|/0p Se arr ae ClUIBITA JO. POUAg ee eae ee | SQOIE LI GGL | =e ee ee at) OU TTY Jie SO]LUU) a UO ETIOOP Sian Ocope Smo CTT pel] even ns sory OTE Or Clot i PECTIN TOMMULLET eS UL CT Tal pace cae BINGSLS |Bggl | ~puewsyed 331005, wei][IA, ‘UOsSpn}yy|sop Se cea ages poudS pueyAreyy|-- Suryor’y SAaTTe A YSNAG|ZI6L | angry: uyof = ‘aMozy|pOp adress peseercscoace pousS “ll [esj009 |= SU ossauO Py. SUNIEULET ONG1)| oct eae yuely sowmef ‘premoyy cop Sa ee REET Te RR eg anes ae ee | Soe es ae PE os a ar es eee bZ61 “puowdkey uyof ‘1asnoyy|ZOp ile te cea poudg ong sey} uorzy YWON ‘YVvIDQ apn [| pZgT CMa er UO (Ee UetuOShOr TE Clot = YIOR MeN JO pouds eemnmnet) S0U@) emo [eA [TA Cal 6 | enn “IIIA plempy ‘INOYysoF |OOp ANG Piece ae arecage PdPTOS3es O. Nolan eae S[E PSOCOET HOG Is | aaa aaa YIepsty wey, ‘ddopy|66¢ 60602 PouAS SOUT] [B1}WUAD poo YSINGSHq ISVHA|POGL | jorueq] AsAiey ‘19A00F | y6E : POUSCECUUO [aS Co] | samen PONG yap eeeia@eey slat || ynoLy, stoueiy ‘1aa0oF|/6¢ UMEIPYJIM aSUddI/] jo WONG SWE COI Nn, TS MOLE EE a KOT ey || are Q a8100%) ‘SsouljoH|96¢ POBACS -CUUl jena 36) emeenena sein, ‘ysings}iid! AelQ Aiusy ‘Ae MOTIO|G6¢ aes a ‘Jueses[d ‘IW ‘uowyed SS OBB OIG) “SS aReehatins heey | SiImpn’yT uojyAe[ ‘ABMOTIOH|P6E Ce re OU7, eSUNSOU NSO inl me = ona emengne ODE ta HIM de Ol e6c eS aes ee [© eeCLO ee US TO NG ECG [ti eo LODOOU |S ‘19}STIWIJFOH | 16¢ ated hia VdeIt) ‘Y[atstey|peEl poe ueyH UOJUY § ‘aqIOOFT GE HSS ear ere POAC “ORO 238 Cesar ar eee ois er tee a MISSES | tie be eee ABISNY) AOJIIA [IW ‘ayos[IoH |6y¢e 7.09 [hem seueas a AAS Pot {UCT 12519104 = BCe sshd ee EDULE) Goce lelcat cc ne ee ese Aluay ‘uYysoR|gge C/ 81 |S aenaeae EEX BL AS, KO) DORE BANG [a a Sa 1IOE SOLE. GOT | cecnaaa aan agepeacamaaias eet aae aia Stmo’J ‘aaddtFyz} 7g¢ Coline ee POUAG “BUI ISB YY po Age [eIny WIENIS SIPIAA ‘UBLUUTET 9ge ae SING [ERE ke PINE AHO) atoleuaNS tee ‘aqoije’y 9 ‘aqjauueal|gQg, | YOLIpstiy wypyI A ‘Asppysurpy|sge aera d}ouues ‘QTEPSHNY |616L Ti ae ODUSIM ELT 931094) ‘UP ULIWIUITH |pge SiG eer toe POUAS O1YO ISPH| peoy UIppuRIT ‘Mmarayooseg |C16L | YOM PejUl “SOUT ESE Oa) | arene aes Oc6t ‘¢ ABW ‘paid | ‘d.anqyoee’T_“3.10ds99 YOW|TI61 DiGhiesg facet DOUAG SIUC eee ya a[pausddiys|so6T 120 lites game ee POUACE STOUT sc Ni earn eeataaes aman CAODIUS)|' [QO Te | sae ee ean JIOq(yV sewmoyy, ‘Sow |zge as he iS 28 es 5 37 TVAONAY SHHSIUVd aa SUOLS Vd 4 g o 7 = ° reole Sled Ni) (eO.l Spoie ch AntVON V1 CONS HO NOUS Leld col HO .CuNO.LS va 203 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD onan y pouds euloiey “N SILAPeCOW 2061 |r SaTTeYD *AeUIZOY [Opp t76l ‘¢ Adenuel ‘psig UMP]|POO AA Sajeyd preuos’y ‘1apye0y|Spp POUACE Clltoge [U1US") cee a arte aeons oe elq wuyo{ ‘Ajasiuy|ppp pousS oo ysey HO): PAN OH IS SATO OMEN OVAL RRS RS assaf ‘Q. ‘AlSIlauy|epp a aoe ae YIoID wuld eq JO wnisaisiuly YOY CUkenerenwoxey eyseyn || ae ypreyiey, [neg ‘1o[sulpyzpr dt MES ME SEN ie RE ea ee STOGNC |p76l | ASTID) ydesoy = ‘YyyiuIsuesUuILy| I pp BS ee ee “Teh HO LUBTM MNS TON I ESS SHOES | JORDI OSIL If eS) ERDF UTE SENT O) AE TRG RGA ee ae “* Tesauo(y ‘e[epiz09G slog ~ C16L ‘pe “99q ‘peiq|-"q ‘ea[lAspjousAsyq = ‘1ay1eg Ao[pey yerurass f “QUITS 6Eb Gl6le Jia eye Pol. seen suruueiy “y1odesai 4 |TZ8t | eyimby Aruay uyof ‘s1aqpMuzqisy\ sep ai age pee rad [OU ees UOMO | [ie ANE VC Senza 07, ese ameeareaecis JIL neq ‘szsoduryy| sep O06 Te Se 9-12 et Poll ae 9[[FASP[OusIY |(061 | Ory JO pousS "ysuqqj~~ UOyMEN FS9AQ ‘PlOSZuIY|0681 Sa ee 8/81 -PpeuiepiO = i¢ggil——"_epeues jo pouAg|"-"———-—"-"-— . ‘G. ‘sljodeuuy |e/et jo epotayjeyy ~ Auoyjuy —“prenubsio¢r Werte ae ere ae Phot Po USA ae 16 le recne ern POUAS IIT aU JOUIION S coec Gecae oS = eae pe TOL |S aun ee eS JOU OIN CITT A OU E IC cp 0061-85681 “3dNS “ssi | Roan | “ ForayreyD pe ddeL cee POS lt COSl-~we OS Te It ere meson hath a oa “ AIPMeS ‘Pyyg “Sid Cragin Schr ra COO [ee POCLLE DIG) aC a | MMI ec) aeeiieeenl gar Gente amen a ennan seen care SLE ened Seen) FF Timm [LOGE a COC aca a Jayo9gq = UOsed[) IM Per SO erie ag oe ST GaW6SL|= us aoe) POULGS BPUUO ISOM (o> aa we wel a OT EA MOOT 600s) sa oat) ee OS TOR | amd osO (mario re oa arya) BE B58 g ‘TVAOWHY SHHSINVd ea & a uewalfy uyof ‘ueuMyayUNy |O/p | Tis weet Shaicddlie ieicaeaaines ca [neq ‘1IUIUWINYy|69p (era ee UOCIZUIYSeAA Jsnueg ‘suYyNy|gop Ce eae uoyyURaW. j9ayN’y ‘suyNy|Z9p | - pueyoieyl Simo’y ‘suyny|99p Ts Li ean Meceeacia cater sede AWeA Aiusy ‘suyny|sopr it petro ederim ed ove a ‘gq Osny ‘uyny|pop Se Ga Say: Bice ae a PeYNW ‘IaYBNy|¢op See a in tear snydssof weiryyT ‘1apny|z9op ei ielscad ikea a og ae tA RR "f uyof ‘azayony|19p fia ged tac wes oa ydjopy saynN’] ‘asnoryy|09p Coie po STS RS ete POLLS ae cop EC IGG y SS ee, ~ oe TOUR AA WRITTAA “SQqItyy|8cr bee a ee somy wuyof ‘sqqiiy|Zsp Big etl Nola ee te premp*yT adios ‘yine1ry|g¢r PPYtewog sapreyy “YyINVryy|ocp RE aa a [PPezweY Neg ‘ssnesy| psp RE RE aa aoe MIIepsty ASU] shi oe RRR Sane ae an te uueyo lf Seen ee Wet Oe ee SyOIMeNH uYyof ‘1asoOyy! {Sp Oa Se eee ydasof ‘sanay WAY |OSp a eee ses py tae oe [easnoy, ysouriy nce pe ahh Ge Wei AA YI IopIt yy oa Sate oie TguedsS sapreyo eee a = 7 SUOLS Vd n Z, 2 p261 ‘ST ANNE OW ‘Sr8l ST AUVONVI—CONAS HOUNASLLId HHL 1O SHOLS Vd 5 20 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD V6L8I-ZZ81 “22S feggt-1egt “sezg S6P LAN Toad bed oe URE OG 8 OA 17 a SUOISSIW YSIMaf UL I99U0Ig B 4 a e ; 4 ar at A[yJUOW UesIOYyyN’T 1031p y 23 8S8T “PIO +S8I-Ssgl “ory O 1) le ab gl as a Se cO6l “peurepiO 4 aBaTOD PML “Jord & p26 ‘peulepiO Pp ES Se eth e TERI q 02-6981 “34NS “We f9/8T-PZ8I “Seid ® poudS ‘euusg sey pousg O1yO Sey pousS youerig 9AT[O pousS euueyenbsns cS ae Boe poudS osvoiy) SI6l ‘ec Yoel ‘ped 0061 ‘82 ‘99 *pe!c ‘eq JO wnitoysiniyyy 1O6t ‘Tt AML “perd pouAS ‘euueag 3S9M pouds ‘euusdg [e1}U9d o2) Ree col ‘ee AIN{ “parq oe paar sae pousS eBMOyT ‘sur pouds ) psOJMeI) seat youu uyof *yo19’]\¢0¢ sopreydg “preuos’y|zos | ‘ZyU9"T {10S ‘Tau’ 00S sojleyy Set we ie eee drying Shae AXE gt gS SUIAIT MoIpuUy 9d 1094) ‘aYOUuls’] | 66b “939 UTa"T | 86h ‘119Z319”T|Z6b ‘Tays eae tes YOMUlaxyR UNYyoROf suRyy ““pleMpyy UPIISIIYD YOlLoapoty Seed GL We TTLMA, UOISUIYSPAA 981094) ‘IOYSIo/] uyof “wns9"] uo}, AvareP, ‘yoV0"F A2TSOM jorued, *QUO199’7|Z6p 9a] ~Hoqoy ‘ueUtisyies’y| [6p oe Grae UOpIOr) sdUsIT]D ‘UeUTIDY}e9’{|06hF ae ee a el ueuUyoeg [eshuresg “HOS MB’T 68P yg qooef ‘uosMe’]|gyp UIAIN 9s1094) “Tayne’y|/gp Sein EN Ae Sage IVISC) WRITTA “qne’yT|o8p priiee totter oa ne Genre ae Ioeg piaeq ‘ne’y]\¢gp Jeniuesg ‘sopide’y|pep SoP boVv cor 3709G s9qeA\ ‘sueySue’y|egp x) ydesof ‘weysue’t|zgp Sopley puPeuUIpss yy gene tee diy ‘Urpszsure’y |08p tt ata 2 ee Aig usTTY We AA “4equie’]\6/p uosusg wuyof ‘y1oquie’]|g/p soprey) ‘ytoqtue’y|//p fenwues ‘psre’T|9Lp UNjOYeACE «*V[PBOVAM|S/p IQU0}G JeluRqd ‘Z1INY|PZp eZ ‘ueuyjeyun y |Z /p ‘UR WaYUN YY | [Zp | Aluop] ee PR en ydoys tay qooe { ‘uueluzun yy IeY IIIT Jayyn’y uiieyy HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 206 9/81 “peurepiO e IS8l “PIO ‘OS8I-Sp8I “O17 spagencosntsexcssnenashonccmenee SI61 ‘£18}I1INIS q q 6P8I-Zp8l “pasusor’y €l6l-ZI6l ‘pesusor’s q 7 ge oe Zp8l “pasussr’yT Be eee tO Ser pin aes . hea Sere ye S98T “ydng “SSIJL Q Ota seme S016 BIO + SIGEEON TA Shine FCA ae 1881 ‘peurepig 9 pg freer tence 5 ClS| Sei malaise ut. een pee aid CLS Seta eee et ee Sk ee eS q UVB seiner cots Mikes at unc nonde Lead OS | tex tras am een maneny, Geel eee 3 POSH to eee Pee eer q (ee ST GO a LOS aa ieee oe C161 “paurepig q dah ae Coe iestomdine wey pact wr ol eae COS mee are seer Urs cer P s = ” SMUVWAY a 8061 ““S84d *S68T “PIO G |606T ayoARjye’y] uyof ‘urarey|zes IIT ‘Binqsuss1y|6 16 | SIIeY) YIsepaiy ‘ursep_i ies Seniaee Sen OR eT Ee Oe Rage ne ees esos eaens Pe aSe TAIeVS ‘j10d901 7 Cee ard ‘yoodsoig ‘3.1INGS}[PS |9061 pe ad SOM YON JO POUAG | orm Tes Bal “TN Z681 COST casas OTUG) 40 POURGue AS IT | ater cian eee LIALUSICG6S |e |aaee a oS ek See eae ieqlayy = ‘SUdIR POSS erasers to pousS ‘euusg 4sey|-Sinqsuryyi AA SATU LIST eel cf COG peter et er oe Ag[petg ydasof ‘piemysey|6zo Poot ea ee P88I ‘9 “AON ‘prIq|"O Be Core) SMOG s -OINGSIIEQ IOVS Te eres eee Bunox uyof ‘syieyy 8S COG Lie ce oe: o1lyQ Jo poudsS S151) Sane aE Be DIITTE MA 96871 | ay29/0YylIeg ‘WeYyeIqy ‘AaTyxIeP!|/Z75 SeOTin mee seas ecSt 91 “99d *psid|--—— ‘apse 'N ee ae pT cae tag ag ueUulloy aoeit a SAS SS SSS SES MLE RS SOLAR SS ARSRSSARA RSS OATES KESHS CERES SaRaAa STS) loa beRdsReErtond shoseesahuceubenaasuactansecnstaadee’ OA | “HO JW ‘Yitomsuryy ‘erou0d |g06 1 | Z}UWIY) INGIAA ‘UUeW|Sz¢ C691 lmeeaosnas Se POUWAS ME UILE QTL DS 1G Sea OSUPUOAYE 6 9ile ieanaeiniis yoyMo) AsuszY uyof ‘proyruepy|pzs GOST 2 (ENO PUR Ae ING OMPOUSS bese eee ee MORU E6881 |G earn suesny WRIT “Urey |ezs S06TIE POBAG EUS aa. 1S By areas AMASUSENSI CHG hal Gane Alley uyof ‘ureyy ecS Ke peMeuet jou ssusdI/7 BAUCUS 6) eae) LOU SIS STOTT 0 Tie cane siamese sams aaa aa Jatueq ‘1IIeyW|IZs PIGLI Sta PEVME ACRE “AKO UT GSE G Cg || Se ies COO sl || Se ay AA Arey, ‘o1mmseyy|ozs ai PpeMauet JOU YBSUIDI\]T | UU IOX) BU SINGS | / pO bs lave ees ysijdegq uyof ‘Joarnpeyle6is [oiee Sn ae ee GE ee way “Ysq 4siq ‘BQSUIZIN)OI6T | 7 Aqey 193}9g SapieyD 9 ‘Ulpysne’poRyy gis 006 sagas poudg eueipuy “NY “unjusley, ‘sipreg ‘uysneA|sget £/ 21 | apes PouAS vueIpuy. “Na JIOdIIIT “WOLF YLION\ 908] |r ea Japuexs,y ‘ulysne’poey l/s a at ake cette ose ae args Sai sc a cet PIOULES PO SING ATS (S16 ie bs Jazuy some ‘pleuoqoeWwigis 061 Si ae poudg oy1oedg|~ Ajyunod wore ‘132A k9q |/06T T68 sean POUAS WeISIMION | uoIZ ‘dINqsUusatyD|CggT CROs ears poudss LEED Bu eV OW CEN ge cane ho rare aera ES a Roce feu | eee eae snotisuny $jiuity ‘pun’y\s{s S68 Til scents AX INE Ose MC roa yy | aes UL ALOVSTEUG, Flats FDU Bil Cm Oe Oe ceesre ceases cree aa accra eee uyof ‘axden’y|pT1¢ 026 || ganas YIOK MsN jo poudg]|----- ST[TAYOOIG ‘OLOGHMIIMA|PIGL | If ‘premp’y soue [ ‘2MO0’T|ETS OG61| Sie oad pousS rer} Stipe sam tt aa eye S[[EAS TC [S616 E || nme i tear ame UoUIY sewef ‘z30’7T/Z1¢ O06 Wiseaeat: caes pouss Aueyso[y BINGSYSIWS FE) BNSSIOINE (Vahl BY weiqy ‘1ay.auesuo’y|T IS STGM ieeeainas Ueals Jou poyieW 2[doust]aZ |O161 | S06 eet aera [OLAS Or ZOE) Se reed a wey: pay lOljyst |e Oe) YyueIy ‘1ayxesuo’T |S W691 | aes oe ~ B1810395) JO pouAs|-~ ‘ay[taueddiys ese aX 8 FSO Ab (Reed |e ear eecce eee WYO AluszT ‘Buo’T{60¢ O06 iil teeeenaas “AX 'N JO WINIoSIUTPL|-~ ap[TAs|[auuo| PSUMEICISNT TGS!) a eee 0a’T asioarn ‘ueUyo’y|gns pita ACS ka? SB ee eet ocr ee, PUG ne 0032) IAIN, | Sh RE ERR oho Se ee ““AANGUNG 3S9AA FOLOULUOAV|CT6 [wll mame nee INOULIW Wel AA ‘Ueso’T|/0¢ COG Ti aie Rae pouds e109S A O Ni ogee aaa LABOR ANON AR sil gl URUIdFY [JOIreD ‘9733417 /90S BOF; li suena pouss e1109G BAON | ~~ LOI UM'S DULG ome ll Og MELT SIE SNA OG Oil ice rec e acre a aeoaeeas seleq sajieyy ‘pamyui’y|coos Clee > Ki i es a8 a oe IVAOWAY SHHSIUVd Em SUOLSVd * a a. ze pe6l “ST ANNE OL ‘Sr8l ‘ST AYVANVI—CONAS HDUNGSLLId AHL AO SHYOLS Vd 207 HISTORY OF THE PIPTSBURGH SYNOD LIGH ae peo oe a pouag o#eayy po P1BP}}09G *198ne1T,|S06T 1061s IBOAA AHITON SIO POUAG Te Pei (eSoUOCT ROS Lass at a eum WeITTAA PlAed ‘TPeystW|E9s Macks eee Ee ER eae SC eS WESSSIOH RI ali || a ydesof Aoy ‘1aAaPiz9S GST amas a OUOY UO NOAA asym)" SupUseiter “MS YS) eomEIMa ke | isey || re Alusyy uyof ‘1aAapq} 19S 168 [meets POWAC re 0 Uo ee) Sy (A | casa rarer nace aaa PhlOGS NET HAM ORT | eo Jayin’y uyof ‘1e3z1aPVj\09S PS O0GTa ea ‘ed JO WRITS TUT, | ‘poomusg ‘aT[laspjoudsy |c6gT WSUTIAA 981O9x) [NEG ‘UIYIWAZIAW \6SS Senge ie naa ae Ser eae ey Belg, ON Sauna) ‘Q1ISIUILD IZ61 |’ Tn g J40QIoFT Unzeyy “Joussoypy secs Gh bUeT IOC CUNIIOISTULIN | eae ce UBUsIOL) £03 COTY \iGkel Ate aa ee ee a Aquay ‘Z19 NZS OGG Ulethe we te che PSUAGS OO Sear | Ajunoz ouy ‘90ers ‘Ol iQI6] | ueso’77 weyeiqy uyof ‘yosuayy|gss SoS Rear reneremagis Case aE a= gr wr eee euoljyeN ‘uInj}UeIe y | | CES GES ieee LS Lele Fee Tone mS) MRR ae ei ea ‘peaysomopyy = ‘aoeiny =“ YS q| SS (Fae oa EL Z881L-S88I “JUIpPIselg e& | f06T}~7 77 bO6T “OZ 19901909 ‘paid | }odsei1y “uoJaONIg ‘SqoseRl|ggy] | ~ yylojney uyof ‘WIOYTAP|SS¢ | SCO pe oe ECOL ig LEO SCL aeP Ol disecgie i awa oe or Paes Ic6l | pasa Me EO Se En ae ae a Oe osoquipsy ‘A1109 CI61 pouss OSBIITS)||sa gd 1OG8 to POC) mac O1S 3 UT Oa 601i ener nani qooef serpy ‘1auUssIayy|ps¢ GIG oe & el cn oe [OXOWY NS BRNO CALCOM ONAN AIS AUB BICT NUMA Sih | WIoqTy Urey ‘aIeprlless O16 eae ‘eq JO wnise4ysiuryy po SOEEES) | EMSAM BION ARIE | SII x WV Swexysyey|z7ss COS Tate, oe an o1yd Jo pouss ywurOf‘eA “MA “ITH pew ‘Surpsay AA |SZgt | 7 OVO YdoystiyD) YouuapR ‘WIaMIVITT| [SS Nig SEE neg > ee tener heen een ak ea ins CANN ANT ‘QOUdIOT YT MIN | TG [eee pousS ‘euusg [eijueg| 7 PEAODI SG) GAUESeOld Be INI SUB sie an ee UOJBUIYSE AA Id1OI) SALIBYSIP|OSS COOTI ite an car aa a aenae ass MOTPYIEAAN! | [O01e) SOUT ial 1091S COU G4] ee PE IAI Simi samnale anus anna ana yersof *urt3ay qo |6rs cc61 COL SAUDIS (AEDS | ee ner T9103 1’T|868T | O69) ia = ae ae poudg oseotyy | ao ae S ‘ytodsaayOWiS6gl | simpn’y Aotyduny, ‘AeLINPLIPL| SPS (45 betes Sa C38l “PIO + 188T OV] OSiS88 Ul cencbee POUAC SE ACTS SUL 2 i eke cape aeeee Alien ABTLLSS LUN co act Som meee Eh seA ‘UPfe WOW |ZbS Li, OE SIO RIEIEN Z161 ‘quapIseig q oy ale Seat” ~ pouks puepsreyy po uoyeID valle YEO Sa I aig ~ cespy VO “UUPTOW|9PS en ee eae at 2 asaT[O) [PIU L, SbS|JOld 298T “PIO! T98T-6S81 “OV & |Z68T|\ 2681 ‘Og Yoreyy ‘paiq|~ LOTFSP [oT woot 2) CMON GG hel aes eae ae ene praeq ‘3IaMW|Srs wi ‘AIEIBIIOG Sb Vad ee POBAS EOIUO ese |e od Wo] UAINGSIN TT ISH6lah ueUIsUUaIg [Jessny ‘UYIQIW | pbs 91906)! sacamean yoinyg) uelejyAqseig jo SUTJ OMT. “FIOAIOOD NGI lo sees eee urajey Ssomef ‘Aoysnexnjoy|¢ers VOGT eaaani aad DOAN (PaMe elegy Of Ny BIUGSUICUS LEST al eee soulef yanuiesg ‘T[JamMoCI|z-S 061 O¢6t “TL Wdy “porq| = "FA "M_ IltAspunoW|Zi6r | Apsara ees a Se eae o10quIp*y | | O16 Teac eae pousS os8eod1yy|*‘Ar10-g ‘euoIsA ‘WNIUIIeL, B89 2h Gackaess oe ages x A Usqnoy ‘Jarue qo {PS el6ll"~ €l6t “OL Axeniqay ‘paid O16T | e061] OID UAL GNOME SeteUOl) £881 See ae ee pouds Aueysalpy joc OTTAS ARI OZ8T | SUISZTAA MoIpuy ‘YSNoT[ND IW lOrS pouAS ®1309G OAON] 7 B1300G BAON ‘OT[IAPIIN 9681 | uoyyoUR[eyPY JsyIN’]T ‘ATIIIDOPT|6ES i pouss Auey sary “—" suaydsyg 39 ‘SIngs}iig|g6gl | sJapso0y. «yeu ‘AatNedgo|g8E¢ col ;POULEDI@ SPs pMMMN ie ce wage eat a a bes ea es a ee ee OVIFELSICCOL Al rosa eke he sey praeq ‘“jjamxeyy|ze¢ ecicn. sv €681-2681 “3dnNS SSUN 4 PIE hs. pouds pueyAreyy | OSC) ae TOU Ost Chia. wae oe beeen ueAy qooef ‘1aineyy|9¢¢ COC Gute eC (UML ictal Goes cae e pousS e1309S$ eAON SC COS OS] mmcAe CMe OUT PNG OCC Te | Nectar ae as aac cca qooef ‘1aimeyy [ses eG c= aBa[0D [PIU “99S PR ‘ LOTTE) ae OOS cf ||) a emeemnnnnas puryasasyD ‘Arad |9061 | unuefusgq I9WIOr) ‘SMOYIIEI| PSS ea an ie are r aoanty one ISARINIE ae POUAG EEUNST SISUitos AYU, ‘10dsaayoT|ST6T CCC ari gr wiieeni en s ee ea a q Hel Ge ae [OLIN ANUS Re By | Se ‘ZuIpiow | -TTM ‘9f[TAroue yw ‘SInqsIsy[ay|/681 | soumef ulpyuery ‘1911epyices HISTORY. OF THES PILISBURGH SYNOD 208 SErT TO ENT TOTS TOT rn come ce aera ‘yneouUoD| > ae *STOYINIYS OTLASPMBASHOLGL bp 2. a. Jeeisy [Neg ‘zJUs10W|06S em ULE] ‘ejayeSuUOUoW |6[6L | topeaTeS — ‘O]JaIOW|68S “" peseig sey SUUOf aC eo WIOuUC IH (Gla) a: ninae es YOMepsly 0110 *}SINYPsIOPY|8B¢ ; ORNS sake. he POO Ee Ete: ) eae Ee ee ee ee [peo] | rey Aarey ‘yqrursauoyy|/g¢ pie ee oS woomerrmrercmmeccoss Q0ppesrg = ‘rorspqey “Ys q|606l | IpeTA Sayrey) “reUpoOW 98S Sees. POUASHABEU SOV oe iG tee ee ae ee COC hy cee a pear te eae noes past g Mow tao ZI6L: ‘PZ “99 ‘psig ju -COoTz «= ‘sInqsuse15|Z06] ‘AN JO wntoystury ITY ‘Banqyoss’]/eggy qooel WRIT ‘STITT 78S ere Te pouag 29yed 4S “ORSEDEMONIQIOL OT Te PEE SOIT IESE pouss purse yy AEH ISOS Tae cya iy se auc ee TOWTA “FOTTEAL|Z8S ba eh ama a opis a ee FOOT ce oe ee LOINUS) AS EPOUII NG me ae Sk ue OIG SMOMUS ‘UOYSUTYSE AA “"N UOTE SIZOSI 2|> - ne ap o ee ae PTTYS ‘ISTE T8S ees eu tk ae Saas ieee era i seme SOLS OOT ea ae ae See ee PaSOday pen ee OTA OOIT IQ /OT se, ee TOPLESS to ALS: PG Mato ect Uhr Bly coun eee pe ay Mian Becca. UOYeID|[Z6] | epreys = yeqoy “aT [TIN 625 Gain. haere ae ee CIETOW at Li6l {hh wep “‘peiq. |“. ejdouetja7 ‘seapivosn | /6gt | n, , eG, 42250, eI WISZS LI6l “peurepioC,. & Loh eS: Nal ote et 7 ais oc PMIEICEU) AMES VAGt= |<: eae eer weet yoeqd FoyyN’T ‘ASTIN ZZ5 L681 ‘paurepio e nee EE ee ae VICI) Ae Or DMO SUNOW/AGT ius Soe pues AOIIT 9sSsof ‘ISTTI|9ZS os Di eae ee Od eae Seo “UIMIT ‘suyof 3S ‘apsed “N|Z06T , & ‘eq JO wmntiteisiuryy |~ SUUOT MIS sols PMO NIOAR er es ge Jasney enysof ‘1aTptjszs q 22st) Tae, POURS 2ONO MASE A Se hae AB AS SUUCE SOL fo Se ene ‘aq uyof ‘TTT |PZs i ey ema Sees Se pS toads Tr eae (ae eee ee I] [EAU9914) 6161 Jalan UosIapueay{, ‘TIT[IA|EZS ences €681- 1681 “WUepiselg “WS “Ys ‘RIN ‘eying fs ie aa cee: SUSI = 989 Fe ATE I9II8S "| /06 1) POU AG. TLR TN | “jURSEITd | TW ‘e1ooIyy) ‘OS WCUS AROT coe ee Sane ae ee ane WAL‘ TSTTPTINL|ZZ¢ yueg pay ‘woyy}IWUIG ‘sqooe, Rl a ae PER BEES TOME aS Tee | ee Ag epee oe erp ec ge eer yoinyg yug Wows ‘1941 |O6ST uosMmedE plaed ‘19q[TW/TZS TAS ie PRECISE WYK Sa ee ONS Nie TE Biselebr ae set MIATA AIOUR POUNWil an ee Jesouoc] |OT6T Jopues’y jerueqd “1eT[I\OZS 6951S. pen hole P2Oge Sl6leciol. Obl GNSI6tis . C1Ole.9 wii Vier DerCrs a ee mee er ag HOM ACOs poe, & 6 tee eae ee YURI [IBD "JST 69S BOE srmtnkds Saeko LO61 “PIUlepsO & |TZE lo oly jo pouAg poe PUL]IATD . ‘BIOULMOAY | L067 | UosMEC, Saptey “TT [IIT|89S TOG) a aa a ae ae aa eee oe SEPANG Bene ae DOWA Chee MOT MOUS aye et irae te ee ee LO} | | JOING,; | SWIUULIIIS me SULPOM MSS me oa ee ee ‘S$ serueuy “TOTTIT|Z9¢ ae. ey a ORT AST OT e Sigs kPa Sa PST ace fo Ea PL aS DLE OGL | So ML pee AIjsiuiu pejpweaqd [19x ‘uoyysnag ‘a[[IAUaqna}S| {Bgl pO Ley “TOUPTITA|99¢ RenGCtmePoUreP 1) -© 681 = oka ee oes posodeq.|- == FEATS “USIMGS TGS Ts|-Y os tok ee ee uyof ‘YaI@yITI|S9S SRA. Sem wa C061 ‘A1e30I99S q [9061 | ---—C pouAS ~euUeYyenbsns |--BuIpriouIAA ‘ATO “USQl668l | ro aeatQ Arrep, “Peeyotyy|p9¢ 5 x >< my oa a0 & BS Be c a SWUVNAA 2 ‘IVAONAY SHHSTaVd = SUOLS Vd “A Z a. a. rz6l ‘ST ANNO OL ‘Sp8T ‘ST AUVANV(—GONAS HOUNASLLId AHL AO SUOLS Vd 209 HISTORY OF ,THE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD q e ze e q 1. ee 9061 ‘JUEpIsatg q SIRE ooo PO61-£061.34NS “SST q Sa ea ae 9T6L ‘pourep1yy q q “39S : J061 C681 ‘peurepsO Ay UP ueseyn’] IOVIpAy Ee arene oe ELBE TS PRUTERIO 8Z8I ‘peurepig e ~ UOISSIPY Jouuy ydnsg 6281 ‘peurepig e ‘6161 HES) eR 709|-Z161 ‘99S ‘20SSV COM ‘ ‘PIO Re ‘pesusoVy ke "98S “19D + PZ8I 198T-O98T Rese ads ae poussS “Gey ree a SS a ee 4 neg ELAR Seview g P eae. ae SUl! Satis SoCs = Usa iepy p= ee a yusy Uyof ‘1azny AGG | pea eae ‘eq JO WNITa}sIUly | yueg “yY ‘osueUaA ‘SsqOdel|gQgT pom Aluay{T Yyeruasiaf ‘1931rY PI6l ‘A1eyaIN9g 9 Aas See ACCS AACE IOs DOUG spree ergra are arr “JOTITMA | ‘yrodsaa yo : IOAT 33103 ‘19111 069/19 TUL “Sard “OVW BW 9S PIA ® |EZ6T| eee eee an Ne gi Ce S| oensae ese eee cl abe aaig ac sRSRSEe == RIE pa REAR a eects rn eee Ce rT ee = STEAM IY E76 T 7 : J : ee er es ene sed eid ese LIM of meester seiior ds Sid eso cena fem age Sad eS RS ae eee ae ARID) -LOWOLT C76 fel ee ee 30") IeM ‘91911 uleldeyD. -vyo"S nN 4 | S>PLOTIOL Te SLE TS BUS SIC iG pa cone ae aes coe eiieaeal Se a SAC eis cea aaa ie “" "O7) TddIafT ‘MOIA ISAM ; LST ‘peulepiO & “ALK)< POom [AT SIN QUID TAN AN Z/OT | ee Jajag ‘13yry cco ‘peulepiO Pp eee ie RT ene apie ee | Co eS isey YON SnIAy sapreyd ‘1axory Oo] ee aa ae CI61 ‘peulepig ev AEE ee oo UoIssIW Jeuuy ‘uapeg|ZI6] | AluesyH wengIAy YURI ‘1a yoy ry RK > i a 8 e8 SMUVNAA as IVAONAY SHHSIavd aS SUOLS Vd oa g S S a. r26l “ST HNOL OL Crt ‘SI AMVANV(—CONAS HOUNESLIId AHL AO SNOLSVd we pee 669 869 £69 969 S69 v69 £69 beg 169 i PALS HISTORY “OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD C98l “peurepiO P98L ‘pesusdI’T 6161 ‘peurepio OI6l “peurepig SI6l ‘A1¥19199S SI6I “peurepio x SOV0OO C00 SON L681 ‘A CN JO wWwntio}sSIUly poesodeaq O68T ‘T yore ‘petd pepioser OU poyIyjT ‘@q JO WNIIS}SIUIPy ‘eq JO WMNII9ISIUI yoinydg ueiiezAqseig BMOT JO pouds 6061 ‘9 3SNsnW “paid pouAg euroie) “N “KA ON JO UWMido}sulyy 0Z61| o1yQ jo pouds “3sIq €Z61\" ~ pouks “euueag S39 QOOT as a pousg euejsnsny ET ae oe c06T ‘71 AP ‘pald C26 Gc pouss “Buu ISBT CLG Eiecaus eee T6l Ig ‘uel ‘paid MOC Ss pousg Aueyso[ Vv Sock ae aaa poussg “euusg Ua) Mal e131095) JO poudss CIS ite a poukg Aueysaly pat aT Se ee 9]]1496 Plt |€T6] ao Xa sed 31S ‘e182 MeN e981 Sete a perry a heer ae oa eet 988T 'S CN ‘Sinquoun’] | 8ggt Fae ree earner ‘y1ods1apnoz ‘AWD ‘wostiey ‘ay[TApeaWW|P06T Iaoiayy {qoodsoig §=‘SIBAIES |SRgT ‘SN ‘Atq suoyeyy “1oueW|S/3I Soe 7 Aimqung 43S9A\|S061 meal, UBUIISX) ‘STR Taavaqd|/681 Baingsyesg “PA “M ‘WOSe|8061 Eee eed OT]Od W |9Z8T mE ae Se eae ee TUTTO! -uyy ‘AeMSprRy ‘SBPMBICOSNY,|pSst ea ueleiy ‘oly “Usssouoyy|/I6T | igie aires te ae Yoot) INL |C16l ““S¥MIOT ‘UMOJIOSIeS ‘AIO “eas -ppole yy ‘Tonuewut’y | ‘ysingsiig ‘S[[j@q dJeavag| ‘U0}[9ZP FT ‘yuesea[d ‘WN | rer Le TTS ET 32| -Maf ‘Sinqydes’T ‘a[doustlaZ|p981 yodsoig ‘J10dsiapno)|¢16T dIPIASilelg ‘aslouWUoAW |C6ST Stal ae ohe SESE on ABMSPIY 0881 (oer eae” AJUMEINSXUN J |6681 Sem ae Aueyjeg ‘ose MON I6I6T aa neg YeAO|IS “OQ ‘purypsadg[D| 116 i eeages gal cacas Best SINGS19]{}9M|S06T Res gma a qe ABT |P88I soutef FS “S3td {161 pe migiy arog bce as e[OYeSUOUOWT| 6981 “uelresuny, “OQ ‘pueleaaA2[)|6061 ioe pa ee Cmy eo peer ae ‘ue1ie3| -uny “O ‘purjeasD ‘woryy |27z6r See poudS eueipuy ‘N |‘put ‘aude mM 39 “°C ‘WOWRD|Z8T 6581 fe Bb deS ee DOMisls oi UO0FSUIYIAO AA |6S8T MoT eee ysings}iq ISe|e6l a0ein). ‘wnjUeIey, ‘ajepsz9e’T |S 161 SS ae pe rg ye pe ‘OT[IA “STP AA “JNesuUOD ‘4,daspiig|606T abies aa Se eoaar epeuey) jo pouds j--~ ‘ayepi100G ‘jy10dsaa yO J| Z88T aii aid ag pouss eUT[OIE’) “"N iF arhenneer Sanden is ecient > bes Par Waee PSST aes a poudS ‘euusg 4sey yeissoyy ‘peo}SowoF| TI6I Spann oar ANI POR LOF OT OLUTION corepasta «aan ees ae Plos sur P681 WPYIA Ydpopry Tur “NYOS|ThL ““peluory Youle uyof ‘xOaquaTBIyIS|OpZ Yorapetyt “IPEtyoS|6€Z SILIOP, a310ax) ‘APIayoS|geZ Scns Soochow nO ‘TaPayIS |ZeZ 9EZ Sez eZ eeZ cel Yoepery snysnsny ‘layeaeyos| tel oyeunzoyg ‘1441d 1e9S |0EZ pjoqsssS ev4y ‘URUIeRSSPS '67L uey euof ‘1dA1eS|8z/ - guiqueteA uyof ‘prayueddes|/7/ Ag{uLy saftey) ‘Stepues oes. uyof ‘1apues|s7z pesy souref ‘ajdures|p2Z puourkey wera ‘euures|¢c/ sareqg “eaTes|7ed uoyuyy Arey “WeleS 122 “apy, smIpedureoosg voy} URW “WYeS|OZZ snysnany, wei “ePeSiolZ: “T praeq ‘10pAy|stZ usyde1g 9 ‘esznylZ1Z jorueyyeN soury uyof ‘1ajfeyos "WJ 981094) ~*aSe94IS ne ee ueIIsSHIYyO sepeyg uyof ‘1aI949S asioery uyof ‘preyos SIOUeIA ad10aD) ‘TaHIPVYIG ie | sne]sipe’] Po mowed Wey “yoemyIMy|STZ yorrepery ‘ynesqiny pil qa[zqaq = SayTeyD. “TPessMA|eTZ We SEae’T “ddnyizté Se a sioueig sopreyg uyof ‘ddny|ttZ uewstiy jorueq ‘Aajdny|orZ ~ydoqysliyg Isnsny UUueULte ‘youdny |604 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD xapuy 214 oe tg Se RIA NNT Od Rg 892|"98"58 “ydnS SSI ‘I88l “PlO ® a ace Rega eT asaT[0D JIIYL ‘Jorg | LOL ones a Oe Z88I ‘pourepiO ke ay ASR CRT ETON Z06T ‘AIBYIIOIS Sod ee 6881 ‘PSUIePIO +8881 “VT SO be craton a Pol BPenIeRsO 9 POL ee 6881 “PIO *888t “VT 4 CO) ceria ae SI6l ‘pesusor’y q Ff force tnnnreenenn q [SL ae See ee SL yy e OO / tere eek oe Iz6l ‘peurepiO p 6SZ i eg ae FRE aE ee RE Ee Te Ps Gl (ei Qo7ee e ZO6I-1061 “34NS “ssIfy ® J] [crt errenrntnnmercacnnnencae = Qi |r rtcecctntnmemtntnretnenena zs Apel ROE a OYA poe a sgt “PLO ‘2S8I-Sp8t ov] & |“S88T-P88I! 788I-8Z81 “3dNS “SST “TZ8T-698T “29S ‘Z/81-SZ81 “Seid 4 8681-2681 ‘Uepisetd q Se oh ea ais ee SE aie S bSZ eS cSZ SZ b061| SNUVNAY Bo a *O} IS1TYD| £681 C881 0061 888T 9T61 0061 88381 S161 9281 col Ic6l OZ81 068T C881 II61 SP8T 8981 Post 6061 1881 1681 6061 8061 SZ81 ST6l L681 a01atd 31°qi A uyny Asus UIMpy Uspeig wyW] pared WeIT[IAA somef WeITTAA ePATD Sie poet a oe UOSTI AA enysof WeITT MA yeas ee are re YOAIpsI yy USI] AA fee are I ae YIOYIG 331094) ysoyss sapreyd piempy sopreyy fae Cm i, ees ey [PP YI AeySNr) uyof[ [489g Pinata ae uojsuyol eas MeL Ut? Fae) "If ‘Aruazy 931094) Jay] unnieyy eg es ee aaa ployurey preyony “ysq ‘espriqury ‘Aemspry|8061 mmr OBST ‘Pai fletowayw “Yysq “Ma1A 3S9AA|188T a ene voeiny ‘sing -yooe’"T_ ‘Jamal ‘poomsuno Z| soseeeccnseescenee poudg euejisnany | ~seiseoue’y “pry ‘}4odaa1g OAL 74 ARISEERYG) Sa Ayu, “Wnjueley, secsetreeeecneneaes poudS eueipuy *N}o Suryory ‘Aoumeynsxung Sided reed pousg Aueyseally yeissayy ‘peo}sawoyy| seseecccenessaee €Z6l ‘OL “3das ‘paid AVL) 1WOoH cha senaeaenssins poudS euueyanbsns AW) I9woy ies eenaess POUAG~" Ul doe Us) Peace a eee a ee poudsg Aueysaypy i aypiayoorg §‘sinqss3]jay srscecceececeateneenesecnnenssnsnsnsneccccenecececsenseensenes | ooseeseees suyof 3S ‘peojsomoy snsereetencnneressecensseseecesansanenesncensessencenenesseens [oensenscenss pueja1oulsaAA ‘O3T|S oe PoUAS. Isnossiyy [IOUS eye] snseeeeenencosee ‘eq jo wMIIoysiulyy | “pesjsowmoy ‘YaeIg yYysnig sesveees 6881 ‘Z tequiazdeg ‘paiq | 7 ~Yeeig ysnig ‘oaousy Nee ee rer errr rr erry “O09 Be)) “19N _UMETPOOM = ‘8.1Ngs3[eS sesteceecteneeeeeeetenenenenseeenecsenneceneseeaneaeenaceces “O°: BuOIsUITy “OD UOrrIe[D oe Na Test “6 AIL “ped |~oD voyurysery “OD “TW eS 61Ol> $2. AGING Pol (ws hoe eee VOLSUI ION, soscensessnesecnneennonsseneee pouss wei poc sar Burpay AA ~soecensoseons [IOI Mo NiO POuAS [eas ena EUS, SES pepioser jou poyyyW po ueUlian ‘aise Man svecsececeeecansesnteseennsennerensnenees pesodaq] J sey ‘uoyysnig ‘a},0uUROf einen A poudg Aueysayy poo SBuryory *ylaziapue A sistseeeesesarececeneenennennetneesemenenseaenessseranencsente foceetieennseecsesseneneneceres UOJMIN ISA srseccececereecectenne EPEUL.) 230, POUAG arte te OAOUC 4 UT cacecsecn-eaneneceencnecstsnscenssenernsnserecssetavenennceses | aceceecs aoeir) ‘ary ‘a[douslez woseececencesets pousks B1aquayzyi AA foo SaAory §=AuOULIeTT| scetecercnsnacesre lime} OMUUL EN Tat TLE DTA a eae naan mameE ES LOOT) Tg soseeeneeees OO FIOM POCA T ASIC | mm OLD GUOSUYO | BeATIOS sseseeceseseenscatennenecennnenwencsennencccenenanecesentene Pceeesrenceseuseesenes urimtay ‘aqo1je’] Aiteiean es pouds Aueysayy|ocCeusaxy) ‘a}}0NUeAL ‘TVAOWHY SHHSITUVd SUOLS Vd p26l ‘ST HNOL OW ‘Sr8t ‘ST AMVANVI—CONAS HOUNESLLId AHL AO SHOLSVd Bay uyof “pneys|69Z ‘BUurIaqlas Moq~y Arius ‘29S ‘UOWeIS “JAIYIOMYOS went wyof ‘zz1eMYyISg Jenmeg ‘WaIeMYdS uaingueAd Sofi ‘uueUINYyoS *Z4[NYIS aeqnyosg “IQATIYOS uyyueT qooef “T]OyIS ‘us| tad wia0yog ‘TayONuUYIS ‘PHYO ydesof ‘yoequayeuryosg ‘10UB YS |89/ ‘10URYS|9Z peru aus 1292 Ee ‘TOYeYS |p9Z ‘rayeys|egZ *IQUTIS |79Z 19Z 092 6SZ 8SZ LSL 9SZ ‘133995 ueUreas “JIBIOMYIS |CC/ | PSL €SZ CSL ISZ OSZ 6bL Br Lyl Obl Srl bb eh ‘imuyos ‘BIVINTYOS |Z7pZ xopuy "ON 215 HISTORY,O&B THEePTTTSBURGH: SYNOD 08|"~ ~ 2161 ‘PeulepiO ‘Tiel “OVI q Seca tant Ae OL Peed 4 CUS gs if, ae 5 RE Ee ae q iets Re her eae q (She stin me aes oy uk II6l ‘peurepe e 0A ae ae ae O16 “pesussi’] q S6/IES SF ee bpO6L ‘A1¥19109S q [gl |e - ote Sk nh ee Ree i SOME ee Tye iene my 1c es ny q 2a seeks Deiat 4 6 uOIUNIY pliMs[py Jepunoy e Z6LI6I61 ‘99S S9I6L “PAO *ST6L “OVE zB q q C68 peurepIO Iz6l ‘paurepio P q 8161 ‘peurepig e O¢6l ‘peulepig Pp CRE purer Gh, Mate ee hac eal igre oy q QZ | voerenrtrnerntnenenenetennnsennnnnenan OR Meme eae ie €26l “PeulepsO P S17 ails We are 6061 ‘PeurepsO & gy |rrrtetstnentnentnentnenneeenenentnentnnna 3 LYM ee 6161 “PIO ‘816l “VT G Doe rts ee A ee ee as eT fl dA aes See ae 6b8I-8P8I ‘pesuac!’] PAL eaptetece eel ree Say e 4 era ar or eaey cco “PeulepsO P Ci ote eee te ee ee q ee en stig 916E ““9°S -O16T “PIO 4 068T| 6281 P61 ZL81 681 6681 | 6161 L061| £681 868T Ic6t 928 | p98I 888 | 8rST =aas==== DOUhG "BUD aT ISP q poo sUdIO[YY MIN |TI6T sosremeensseneeenneentensennsnenssenenenecanecnneeneeteseete “QSaTJo) “SA3309 “99S PlPTA|II6T setseneenseees pemouar Jou ssuIdI’] yiodsaayOW ISeH(8T6T Sa Olé 9 AsenIGST -polt i: awa = ae GGHC OTE eer pouss. Aueysa[y | ASTRA YSNIG 6681 ea a SI “ls 1opue A [T6l eaeeeneeeceeneneeceresecceeenseentenententenesneennascenessnes | seurcasosectenescenesns ‘VoMeaf ‘use | wevswseennvennnsestnucensensesnsnatenteserterasensceomncenencs ‘QAOIL) 4eO “SUITIOY AA | TI61 seneecececenennene Il6l ‘co AINE ‘petq | smmeg 3S ‘Frss1epue A lOl6l Dooce POUAGS CUDA ISO AN NS ee SLI Ole Al “TT ‘weyesg ‘Aoumejnsxung |S6gT sanebiveneenearovesnsszoncee pousg weipyy uO SUIYsSeAA ‘Uapeg|/ggq Bot igs PE BA Ci hs Si See aa “poomus|xyy “YI “2]}SFD “N{ZI6T rae ae CLO Te Sate 191 20% D211 ene agar mereme aoe aoe aie POOR sesvsesenecenes pousS ‘euusg Sanyo adeyg aao01y| 7/81 seosenseseceecncees POUAS BAaquaz AA [oO HOPBUIYSe AA YIION|Z/8T Sondeaimeneete PI6I ‘ET oun ‘paiq| ~~ asryD “Yysq ‘oru0si’T|¢ggt sesseseeccsseees O1yQ JO poudsS “ySICK| ~~ TTL, ‘erpepue, ‘91147 /9981 seseeneceseensacseenetecrsnenernseseenecnsnscennreteenanecees "= Tellowsay JayIn’]T “ys qlSI6l POSTS COLA CIN MAD ?I(] | = oie eens SINT ‘19IN|Z681 weenecerensenee poudg ‘euuag 4seyl~o PUR a1OUI}S| MA | Z68T secneeenrernes pouAS euueyonbsnG | 001 SUIYIIO AN 1/76) secoersenceeceteneenee pouAS Aueysal[Vv yIodyoo) ‘APT /968T pouks B1aquazit AA Ase A Ysn1g |z6gt See 5 See et Se Se “= T9deyd sA0IN) (310d 400) [ZG POUACG PATHS oiV | a wuss mae eee ST[FASSICTE (9681 seceasececesene pouss uorz Yeaojs YRAOTS “Tete A |8I6l sssoeorenneeecennnnntennnnsnnsnsnessanennnancennneroneneneenen) | scaeeeteneseeenenceseeeenente UOISSTPY BIPUT|OZ6T O78 a Bit SUSU DOI | tee green an ea, SOURIS |E/81 po ftecenee pouks o1ryO Ysipsuy|“uopsuIYysSeE MA “N ‘I[IAYOO1g |gcst senstaceneosncanen POUAGM CUS qeiS OC) oa ao pena ee TT A eC Oey sstecstenneeee O1yQ JO poudS 4yurof | UeUTIeX) ‘4 81NgGs}}Iq|/p8T cea nae oR GLARE eRe a Ke ey a ea 2[eps399’T | ¢Z6T sssecseteeenecenes Aqjstuiut pazjimeqd|oO ‘umojsZunoX ‘ys1nqGs331q |Ol6T sessessesseseesees OIl6T “61 “99d “Petd|~~ wWoyyzUIG ‘AID WoOstisey|SO6T sosvecnecencnnnecere BpeUuer JO POUAG| Yamal *U0S1IMOG |988T ceseaceenecsnestaeceneennssenatensestiesnnersnsctuncensesnnets | seaeeanees syle 3S ‘Y3INgGs31q/8I6L wwssceseennsene POUAGHR EONS ye ISe | aya ea ee AIGCHS 7161 wnecensnnscnoceens TE TUSIS TUN} ON POUWAG Sa em DTO NI Opel eee sary ‘Binqysse’]| [761 ssntecnssesneneteeneesnsensneenscteateseceatenenenerasetenens | senssaceseecnsnetsenssensenensnreeseenes JUOW IC] |ZZ6T Sees BaMDOUAG PAUBL Coll VW. |cann a sete ps eee UOLIEI ON TIO. se ceenescteeceeeetanensnewennesaneunneerercsneractnetetnaese | sasanteennanereatseesteeesecseseeanecssessereeens ysis -IapueA ‘ysodsa1 *e10u0d |0T6T — jadeut eaoin “10, MON ‘rajdueds ‘TapAUus ‘1apAus $08 F08 £08 c08 108 008 eA gig CEE EP SPE ulpyUueIy jenures Sa prams a ee: Jyeyey uyol UuoTI, Yeruasif ge Scie sas eee Draco aaa XIMJeX) Ale ET ‘rapAus ‘rapAUuS Pe eee eg ‘TapAUS “YFIWS 1662 UHIUUS 1864 YFG | Z62 “YIIUS |962 “YVUIS [S62 “YTS | p62 Cr ae ae oR hea UOSMR’*T qooef ‘UIIUIS/¢6/ UIMpy Yue ‘YIWS|76/ yooury ‘Y3IWS|16Z Jam Saptey ‘YIWS 062 UOPsUTTIAA UowUry “YIIWS |68Z WB1IOI, WRITIAA ‘19BUOTS|8g/ JayeAy Joyyn’yT ‘49g1]S| 282 Iespy yenwmesg ‘193e][S|987 ae war unre ‘feqeis}cgz INH weir ‘sedis !3Z qooe f Sonic as109y “T]IS|Z8z WITT ‘U2[231S/182 dasof ‘1a}snySj0gZ as10sr) ‘1aISNYS|6ZZ 822 LLL 9LL SLL bLl €L£L CLL 1ZZ O22 jzeg yueig ysoul4y jenures Jenwes SIIIOP, J1IQOY ujoour’y =41eqoy uaqnoy Joy] unieyy RE RE CE ET a uyof ‘yxunyS Bae ax ad1095) sioposyy, ‘AenysS a a ee Aejj Aiusy ‘aTpurys SaaS Salt Bit ee ‘WCQ. C‘uosreddays Aruayy wrei[tAA “taydays prey plorey ‘1aydays Jay ddey urwelusg ‘1aps0qs ‘1aIVIYS ‘siney Jaye, sowel Jopuexs[y jenures HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 216 Slblipa aa ee pousg Aaueysayjy | ~ Sony. SdibRit Gort Up OP [9161 l er en Cae ge tT q II6t|-7—s pou: euueyanbsng | jadeyg. aao01 ‘SIPleS|pOgl | poruOyE qooef *19A039|z¢g ee eee se MEST (POBIEPIOLE C68 Ed JOVMUNIOISIOI IY fe ee aa eee (LOS hia es ke, EOOUN TS WEAN “Y8nojiS| Tey Siete Ae A PRAT ns Gl Gi ie asia Peg cee ie rare earn ieee eG f eahne OLISuey MON ECOL | RE eS e I/16T\ aE CN PUe “A “N JO pouds Jo apepyqoog ‘TeaRwog |OI6L | dae yey YOLapery . “Ysn03S |0¢8 fe re eros aa a ate ac ame MATA ASO eta “—- epeue) jo poudg [I ~sqooe fl “esauoc] |68gT POUAS AUCUSe[V |e ae oe UOIZ YIION |Z8sl a poussS Aueysapy | ASIANS, 159 MA SUIOP TILE a ae jenurreg ‘19J7N0IS |6Z8 pe a NI a A Oo fi ore MR, Pe, SHEAATOCLT ICO ee ee pueuipisy § ppoytrey *z[03S|gzg oe ae uae a Se es SPP Tt ea a Syeq eaeog | FUMOsayOL C6 -| Sas an ee ~ preyorRy prey ‘Z[0IS|ZZ8 Sse pouks Aueysaipy [OTB UTYIIO MA [UZ6T q pousS “euusg 1S9M ‘y1odsoa yoy Seay opAHISO6L |-7-7 7 A1lowwy sewoyy, did ‘laselsyoo01s}gzs Beene Ste aaae Sap aS Sa ee BT e o1ryg Jo pouds ‘ysiqZ | BORUOW, BOISE KS) OL GTOG VBE AAs OM IN Aspe ee eae cara Aluapy Ieesy ‘1aJatS|¢zy a: GG ae ae ae P88l Peulep.dg we "AUN EEO UN EIOF STUNT yin ae ee es» OLE PIOT POT 8G]. | apes hy oes re een any ‘UIIIS |$Z8 Pt nerptecense ate ensecnanseasirweeneeesios Pp per aaa ee eee a aa Ce eae > BATES HYCO L.| canoe a ee Rel 2] ae ULE is Stege apes Sea aes a ee ee, 2) SRP EOE eq jo umiioysturyy [Ce ueX) ‘STTe seaveg|[6gl pe epoA UC ‘WaseyUlos cC8 a a a ae a q Se ee ee | UOT7 RAN GSMOOL OIG E © ae Sue HITAN VOqTV UUANYUIEIS 1¢8 SP ee a ere e earn areon. pasoda)| “oodsea vy 3Seq tte S9qo0y | 698h |"e eee ee oh me HIUQU IOS C8 oS ee ee SI6I ‘peurepio q POUAG “eUlOg: US.) |Site ee ne ee, TOOPPUIE S161 5) One10 FF UIAINY “Ut9IS/618 CEST PlO’S [S81 so OFT. HOSS Serr ‘eg Jo winiia}sIuIp, | SUL{o’] ‘Sinqssayjayy ‘e1OITYD| [Sgt | ake Bai ae seuUOy, ‘YI9IS/8TR SPSI-SP8l ‘JUepiseig SHOT Taga Poly pac, ames eo SaNqsusstr)|CpyT uyof JPeYSW ‘1923S )/8 POUART.- CUS p12 gO) elee he a Yeissoyy “qa dizeeh | — = sa as1oposyT,. Sepreyy: 9291S /918 W6t oy Sut Spor sa ee Syed Jaavog|g6s1 . | Sr ae - poudG euueyanbsns |~ uoWSUIYSeAA “N ‘WOPIPLA|TQsl PT aaerg -deqoy “SxreIS S18 Pe oe CHL TOO {pal) Saas tae OA OP SIO A! other a ie: eran BOS -1eS ‘oadso1g Court Tee NMOS loaner unuefuag. pared fuewyYyeIsi+f{g popsodsF...OwS pomsap saa se oe SIVGSIES OO eos ew ee SIND etoarn fAoRIS}eI8 ceed a poukg -euuag ysey poo Banqsyorurs| /06T [a . UpuerT ayof ‘Sa1qeiSizts reine ost pousG ‘euuag seq fo Sere 3S “UB_|ZI6E [Osa ty worl ‘s170dSITI8 PODAGE EA “AsOnA UNOS re woes UUs |6061 ; era, pak ol er eee pouds eurpoiey) “N |‘uMoysSuno x ‘SUIUURIINS| | PEST [PO OPS UIYSe MA ad1oar) ‘a[8d1dS|9T8 ie ata Bae fei POUACS AUCs Spy [PSS res Cased -IVM “Juowjq ‘rodsiapnoy|{i[6l |e ynery, sopreyd ‘o[s.s1ds/60g SS ‘eg JO west posit ‘pueypsayice6st |7 = =. GSB 9%) -. Sale “TayxaIdS |RO8 <2 POUAG Br1oquazi AA [oo AOU Me INSXUN |OT6T =P St, eae eae iro |S eae ae pouss Aueysalpy [ooo yRIssayy ‘peaysautoyy|sogh | oyu Taisqa Mm = ‘apseds) 208 page aenesisei renee ge IRA pag fe AOW “Pg “puepoqumayNilezgy fa ee ee eC eee 908 = : 88 OCSiimm oe POUAGT Ee euuo ye 1Se yll aaa BINGSUIII“)y -SIOMABY Veen gas a ee UdUTIPL ‘dUI}UITeA| Ess Z88| SOG Lien ere aS OM ald-10 NG FOG DOULG ears aa “TEE A TS U99S 1006 Ela WNdIO[G UeITTTAA ‘YI |788 (10) Led + P28 4dng ssi Wt 5 ed a ig cot rks | omy kOe SO eee ee | aoa I98T “99S *6Z8I-ZZ81 “Sed poe aes weenie Neck (eee OPT ‘SSI ‘PoAeIL, “qd ‘N ‘0818 J | (1 eae LS8E “PAO =9S8T-SsBl “OVI & }e061| C06 “22 “99 ‘Paid jaltiAueaiy suoiz !sqsuse1H|Ccgl | Yapaty WeUPAL “4191188 OSShaaaaaee 1I98l “P40 ‘O098L-6S8T ‘O!T G98 lilecnageenne ae “Eq JO UWIMIETOIS TULA US GiOGS Lil wee ee ea YyoLizaiqs ueRIystiyd ‘A131 |088 6L9 lisa eae ae SP8I-9P8l ‘Ppesuac’] q | 8pgll DOUAG MAURY SO Wyitn ss tas ee en SUP OUT OV Sin ates eee ee amy ‘D> wena ‘T4628 Bieler asaqJo) eseyisey “Jog q | 9161 PORAGTSIOUIN TSENG tadaepes wee wales 2 hee eae EOF LLIC lg ane grtoaik Aepieg sewoyy ‘19q/1/828 Hes sd ss ck a ee age. A ere eee EN EE ‘QO ‘e[nqelysy ‘SuIp1sUlitAA|ZT6I LES atone lee pre OT6l “peurepig q PGBAG EUS WUIO) | Sane ae ee eee (OLG I: eee ore aca naa Pia sauef “19q)/Z28 O/SIGIG Lee Led meSesd DUG bese etd let bs ie Gee ges a SR aw eel ee oe APUITT, “YBINGSII1| [G68T pO uyof ozu0oTy ‘a{ANL|928 a inere es csst “PIO ‘rSst-esst “OWT SUP SIOGUSPOMG Ie hee cot eo EDEUS JIESS Lely tesa ae WPPUTEM AepetA AIPML|S28 PS eee cigs er, Sole DoulePAC Tes et lswet Faber ook ee ee queseatd “YW ‘BANQSIPSI6I6E | YWoMUIAA Joqry ‘jJazedtwun1T! p78 C70 he saccade nares ea A Oe Gh Sig = DOS Cee WTO 77 003.9 Bie |S saree nar ere neo em | Japues’y] Aiuay uyos ‘nor p/¢Z8 Be POUL GRC CTP Uae Nit paceman) SEU) ‘STR ATITN “TS UOFSUTPOAK CIT “SpSOTL|ZZ8 jXOWINEY ARUN a[ SISSY eee ne FIOGH OOS! SER | agin uceatenesaechns ieee 98109) ‘3]}SO1T|TZ8 MGR S. AGIR RAINES DENG pl ‘S1nqyoee’J “Ort O1G)S J} Ky abo TALOUC LOSS | aur tee WeITTAA UYyof ‘1a[Sse17,|028 Ngee oar < SNL SPOR Wate MA |Z68T | Ate ad10ax) ‘}19qe1,/698 ; “ 4ysnyy “Yysq POUsS Poy Meq |UMOIUOIUS) MUI SoOppesg |006i | aman a cima uojuy ysoury ‘}1aqe1y 89g 5 — a 89 ES a A SMUVWAY on ‘TVWAOWAY SHHSIUVd aoe SUOLSVd A ee a g Zi ° As ° p26 Sl ANNO OL Srl SI AUVONVI—CGONAS HOUNESLIId AHL AO SUOLSVd 219 Hip TORY “SINEASUETEAN|9 IG Lol aek es ae ee uojunF, weumsoy ‘TITAAIZZ6 Se ee ee ae a ee ee eet | Scare raria ssa ee ee eee et ee ee ae LOUIS -SpfOre FT re 1G a ee ee a ee ee FI GIG em eee POUNCED UC TALE Aelia ak oa semen Pee T LOC oe eae e16l “PIO ‘216l “VT 9 a POULS O1YO ISB pO BUIPIOUNT AA IZI6T PO STH’ apes “TEM [926 ia gS ek ie pe ae q Leer POULC.- DUBLAIB WW ats ORT. ATI SU SINGS TOG Ect ce, ee oe ee od oO CU) core Sc6 Sewn eS ee ee q POUAG’ CURIPUT. *h) oe ee OLI ECGS [ae ee econ Ase TT pura bce Leigh a ality eli Ae ala aaa ams “eq JO WHIM SU 9OBIT) ‘1aSIypooy 8681 | €76/93210D TPMT JOld “2/81 “PO x | ER On MBO SEI IN ten Cor eee Det ge ee VEL TN Se teeo ea ee uIMpay UYyof ‘1ex9VIY MA |$7b 5 a = % ae 2 iy SMUVWAY ‘IVAOWHAY SHHSIUVd nS SYOLSVd 2 2 e © r26l ‘SI ANNE OL ‘Sr8t “ST AUVONVI—-GONAS HOUAISLLd ABL AO SYOLSVd 22 HisiGRyYeOr THE RIVrSBURGH SYNOD ‘TeIUL ont} & JON, “FYSISIOAO Aq 4SI] Wr} p9zTWIG “Ss ‘s[qno1} [eJUSW Jo asned0q MaIpPYy AA 7J “UOIJUSAMOT) O][[AUB0IF) 94} Je JUVSoId JON “9 ‘Hl[6] JO Jadioul oy} Jaye ATJSIUIUT 94} po4te} ‘poudg [e1ouer) 94} Y}IM payd9uU0D ‘q ‘o161-898I ‘[OUNOD [ersuer) 34} YIM pojosUUOD ‘ke D IC/Qy |e pouaS euerpuy |-~ HOLE O OS eM Nats Ep ILE 2 tds | SOQ sen aa ge cane SIDAT ydaso [ *3U0"] |086 aed en pouss epeuey “quad | Teed “We IS ‘OMHI606L | ASTM Pper UBM Ete UTE) 626 q l6ggt}> Baar as poussS pueysreyy | BINGSA[IS ‘S|[PAYOOA |OBBL | POOM[TH Souref “193.197 18/6 waveeeevseeeneeeenecenenesnnntenenetrenestesentatenenenenenes | srtetitecseseeeens Airoq ‘apsed MON |eZ6T | Ripe 8061 ‘peulepig ke “ 4SOM YON JO pouds |Wopse1y ‘Yyooppeig ‘19aseIg |806T yy We AA ‘Jepunz|//6 OY > (paren eaten face 8681 ‘peurepig e lengt|r SOM YIION JO poudss [o ie ONE SON Ra Ra Ss So is Pg GA Ae as Sa rae vsTTy uyof ‘jspunZ|9/6 C26) LL eS DEMO) AV) s POMEL PEG) sa a a eee uueyof *19ui[NZ|¢/6 POCA ROLIOR [aims Matinee aman a | 0061 a | Re TSO YIION HJOMPOUhS [roe SLOUBIS - POTS H |Z88T |r AlUsAy WRITTTAA *19QNZ \b/6 qico— POUS SS CUTIEYONDSNG: (gc eer a ‘u0}2UIs | So Sf IN Us preG es ay 79R ee JzeQ ‘Ta}stourssurz |¢76 Se eeepc anne earn nena acre a eeeene | ae ranaa yonbog ‘AqiD UOSsTIIeP|OI61 aa NPD Peay JO" poun Ce ‘uuag ‘a}}0UTeO/ |N68T u Bif- 0 WIN osSrUrpy re se ees rt BINGSHPS 16/81 ‘UBUIISIUUUIT |Z /6 q POVAG Cents Be calec) ee a ee SInqsdieys |968T “UPULIIUUWUTZ | 1/6 See pousS wer |~ ~ “WA SAM “WOseP|OI6L | : 3 006.) POUAC Orne Ise | ee WORD 6681 URULIYY 9PIOFY ‘UPUISWIUIZ |()/6 “——“7egT “pig {1S8T-Ossl “ory q |zggt|m pouads puryAreyy [> ‘QISCD MON SSUIPOOUAA|6PST | YSHopety ‘URULIOUUIIZ [696 @ leogtla pomkPonO ase UOCIBUIYSEAA YON |OSBL | SBIOYSIN UYyof ‘19UTUUTZ |396 Ciel cee pouskg S1aquaii MA | BUIyOV]T “SUIYSEAA YMON|Q68T [oo meyeIqy SeIIS “YIaquur7|/96 996! EIGOGTIE ae. 6061 ‘St ABN “paid ja ueUIay ‘a][IAesplig | 1061 jsnosnyw UPULISFT ‘1917996 $96|"0S-Sr8T “3dNS ‘ssi foPgl “P10 q lOSgT| PaUAgreeuusg “3sed (a ae ASULO) ’ PIOPMUS ICH CT ae seg ee Aluay{ ‘1919917 (596 ee eon enge e pane ogee pe q |s06r| POUAG PPURIDD TE Nad? ae ee wore] | 1061 AIsaM UTUeluag ‘1918917 |p96 a aer-arerionan 0 9 SggI ‘peurepio e preleuie 7 -3u}7 oy UGl7, (Oram ANG SOT ae a aot he eee a [neq ‘1a}9ut]a3a17Z |¢96 C6 |e e ENG] lo POURC Ost ae a ee a ALE )OSBRASTIQUGE Fae ydesof sojrey) ‘19t1q]e3917 |796 J96IE8-Z8 ‘O8-8Z8T “9S “15 f9OZ8T “IO ® I9ggT|o 888I ‘9¢ [dy ‘petq |" O— UE TN & 210YS. os et | 9/S ie snynf ysnsny ueof ‘uyez|196 MI ee e CURL IC SpOUA Se ee re ene ee OSA Se we at oe snynf pieussy “uUYyeZ|096 BCG Poulet y Pat et erect ae ee ee BNI VO} ASENODSTIN ICG Tet oe co ae en sutsAe’y AOY ‘punz|6cG ag | POUAS Sassou [hos ae STOUBIS| POG [oo ozuoty enysof “juno x |gc6 woeecessseeeenseecnnseecensescenseecensesnnnscesntmennnnearscoteces | | seauasesuutasunenentnusennesstenen? otecesnneeesnnneesemnest suyof 3S “Syq ‘UMozUIOIUA | p16] P06 “PeuTepIg 3 poudg Aueysay | UMOoJUesIOP ‘peaIsSOWIOFT|POGL | ypury uyof ‘yunoZ}sc6 ESSE ee SE LL aad ““““plEL “bE ‘aq. ‘pel [OST “Bmqsuees5| 1681 | 6681-Z68T ‘Wepriserg 3 |gggt|- euusg jO WNtoys UIA, [oO B1}0IG BAON 6/81 Aola’T ozuoyy ‘Juno A\9¢6 eee eS as Ga6Slion a POUAR PURSUE a is ee ae et a OS EUS A 1OCeT WYSIIA SkIIG ‘BunoZX|ocg - eB I10Nr) BYOf. ‘sunez |z66 2 G98 pousS eMoy ysipsury pour SE See eee eee cope uoley Pera ise soneesceenetennsennnasenensenensenenneettsensnsnesntnenenanenes City Shee tua) or ge eas Si ee LUCY toto Te A LT OCE | “UD WDE ‘WH Areuaseg | 6 eee E fae mele alee “OQ ‘YI IU0}JG ‘UojsiaMOg|¢geT UOSTIM ‘A2]STO.A 056 6r6| anseary uoojes-muy ‘3dng o Ri PSS Bi ME SS VRS ee ae SORT) ic WUD IUOLE MIG ie dee eae eee jonueuly YON ‘49STOA16b6 a! . r an o@ Wax, « -_ _—_ ae then Ses e 4 . - te a a4 = : tip Ss =~ ee od > Pa E a wa ~ a a ee a, . = -* rr sh . - a _ a8 _— 7 te es = ’ Lo a == in een PJs - — hed a - ‘] Lor) aoe < iD” = . i >a ay be — - a id y ad if Tes - bad a * - a o a . : > “4 a ad z & : 9 — age P< i a Se iS : ; Pes ail, a ; ' wha ads ee a 7 ryt : > a — teal 2 DS - - $ 2 2 - fen ce aah } ee ~ J —7 = ER ES oe ~ > aa? anf feet he 5 id \ I 4 =<" ‘ 7 7 a Sn yt enc 7 aT . wat E ’ = - ~ — > a ee at arb a & ie. - “= - € rs k . s oe - “ ee - | = e s Ss a A ; ~— a Se ee < 4 = nade _ j a Saree yes 8 ty pee ee ae Po Ione re - rae > Fane a pad =, ve = ae | = 2 is » - f / - - a4 =) 2 a - © — - > i - a 7 ‘fa . , - ‘ = < i = - x ll * ie a SFr Se ees : a8 : ie ah eee . ~~ , Oe a _ 7 c - i 4 “ . Se - ~ oe : ° - od 5 am eS = 7 A = 4 2 al ae ~~ 9 Se : a ° f - , ; 3 - i= . a Pi = - . " ~~ %% - > , soe 4 raf io res ‘ d 7 a “i395 “ Oe -— -.~ < aa. ‘ j i: re - al 1 erie Pat al u > = te <2 ; 2 Pi ams 8 se? FS 7 os se © + ; 7 a) es “i rf i t i = 26 , ET : : 2 = as (oye! — zz <=, Le -. ~ 2 a Sn a me z a ; 1 eegedladinnaisx i ’ : we ee ae a ; ; ¥ - * + eer -— —y : “il : ie > ee ie Cec at teat —~ ¥ a i = a va * oes - ‘ vv Py may S a sve » > fi - on > > “d « ¥ oe: my G “= J? _ a = = = z ~ - ‘ f i te athe) 4 . : i =. “> > - al ? Saar ae - F - be a . Je Fe a all ears s - =“ aes bee ~ ~"s altst = r > - =, Fn a a aa ~ 7 . é - ek ’ ‘ — " - 4 = al 7 . “ P , : .. - : ‘ pele eae ra H — = > - aaa = ad ~ - —_ ~ 2 = ; = . +. F ; ‘ . £ ca Sse wet fiz ye 4 aaa . = , ? mera a wD i ei - z tl ae 7 a a - ail ‘ , an ‘i 7: a - > ‘ ei Ye Pa = ~ : ; - : ) 7 ; g > . : = - » =~ —~ ‘ y . 2 ri ¢ - a. — a = « : . = — < z _ a a j= ia \ ~ Pan > — <3 aS am : \ > = _ x 1 ~ > ri =—s ™ - er = } ‘3 4 = & - ss ”" vel 3 - : ry a a — ‘ n 7 - -_+. ba - “ ~<, —_ ° = a r= a ad Be ~ - . - ” ~ ‘ CHAPTER IX CHURCHES OF ALLEGHENY COUNTY 1800-1924 “A little one shall become a thousand, and a strong one a small nation.” WAIHE first religious services of this county were conduct- ed by Romanists. Some ascribe this honor to Father Bonnecamp, who accompanied the expedition of De Celeron, who took possession of the Ohio Valley in 1749 in the name of the King of France; others give the honor to Father Denys Baron, a chaplain of Captain Contrecour, who held services on the site of Fort Du- quesne in 1754. Both men were French chaplains, who did not remain long upon the field. The first Roman Catholic Church of Pittsburgh was not dedicated until 1811. The Rev. Charles Beatty, a chaplain of the English army of General Forbes in 1758, conducted the first Protestant services here. This chap- lain complained that only a few of the soldiers attended his services, and the Commandant increased the attendance by allow- ing the weekly allowance of whiskey to be distributed imme- diately after the benediction. !The next minister to preach here was a licensed pastor of the German Reformed Church, John Conrad Bucher, who came out in 1764 as a captain of the “Pennsylvania Foot”. Pastor Bucher preached to the Germans at Fort Pitt, Fort Redstone and at the “Grand Crossings of the Yough”. On November 29, 1764, he baptized John Heinrich Miller and Mary Smith at Fort Pitt. Some of the Germans to whom he preached were permanent settlers, who had taken up lands in close touch with the fort for the sake of protection from the Indians. It is evident that some of the earliest settlers of the county were Germans.* While the Scotch-Irish are gen- erally credited with the settlement of the county, these people did not come in large numbers until a later period. The first min- ister to conduct services for the Presbyterians of Pittsburgh, after Chaplain Beatty, was Rev. Joseph Smith, who was sent by Redstone Presbytery in 1784. Beatty and Duffield visited the town as travelling missionaries in 1766, but the Presbyterians whom they sought were then country folk, and they did not tarry long in the town. ire ae a 1—Fathers of the Reformed Church, Harbaugh, Vol. II, p. 113. 2—Old Redstone, p. 327. 224 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD The first regular German pastor of the county was Pastor Johann Wilhelm Weber, who ministered to both Lutherans and Reformed, and organized the Smithfield Street German Evan- gelical Church in 1782, ‘This is the oldest religious organization of the city, since the First Presbyterian Church was not organ- ized until 1787, and Trinity Episcopal Church not until 1790. Pastor Weber of the Reformed Church lived in his log cabin home in Westmoreland County for a long time, suffering many hardships and laying the foundations of many of the Reformed churches of western Pennsylvania. He had a large family of eighteen children, but his descendants now spell the family name Weaver. The Pittsburgh Church was Pastor Weber’s chief ap- pointment and his salary was fixed at *“‘eighty pounds sterling in money, one hundred bushels of wheat, a free dwelling house and yearly fire-wood”. So far as we can learn, he provided the dwelling house and the fire-wood*by his own hard labor. Some of the prominent Lutheran families of western Pennsylvania possess hand-made baptismal certificates, which were the handi- work of this pastor. ‘Two years after the organization of the First German Church of Pittsburgh, a Mr. Arthur Lee visited western Pennsylvania and made the following interesting entry in his diary: + ‘Pittsburgh is inhabited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who live in paltry log houses, and are as dirty as in the north of Ireland or even Scotland. There is a great deal of small trade carried on, the goods being brought at the vast ex- pense of forty-five shillings per cwt. from Philadelphia and Baltimore. They take in the shops money, wheat, flour and skins. ‘Chere are in the town four attorneys, two doctors and not a priest of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel’. Colonel May, in his account of a similar jaunt through western Pennsylvania about the same time, says that “the peo- ple in the town of Fort Pitt are chiefly Germans”. Evidently Colonel May’s observations must have been very superficial, for, while there were a number of Germans in the vicinity of Fort Pitt at this time, there were but few in the town itself. The Scotch-Irish and English were the traders of the frontier from the beginning. ‘True to their disposition, the Germans had all taken up little tracts of land in the country, where they could enjoy the independent privileges of agricultural life and build up homes of their own. In the neighborhood of East Liberty, as well as along the banks of the two rivers, there were quite a number of these German settlers, and certain streets and com- munities of the greater city still bear their names. In Lower St. Clair ‘Township along the Brownsville road, there was quite a strong German settlement as early as 1788. These Germans 3—Minutes and Letters of the Coetus, p. 377. 4—Pennsylvania Historical Collections, Sherman Day, p. 81. PICTORYO OR, THE PLT TSBURGH SYNOD 225 were chiefly from eastern Pennsylvania and Virginia, and were in closer touch with their fellow Germans of the Fayette and Washington County settlements than with those around Fort Pitt. They were chiefly Lutherans, and were probably organized into a congregation by Rev. John Stauch, the pioneer pastor of Fayette County before his removal to Ohio in the fall of 1800. The oldest official document now in the possession of this or- ganization 1s'a deed to their property, which bears the date, August 20, 1810. To old North Zion, therefore, belongs the dis- tinction of being the oldest Evangelical Lutheran Church of Alle- gheny County. In the Pittsburgh German congregation there were a num- ber ‘of Lutherans. ~lhis-\is evident’ from the fact that, in the original grant of land made ‘by the Penns, June 18, 1787, the “Unaltered Augsburg Confession” is distinctly specified.° The congregation was organized as a union church, similar in almost every respect to all the Lutheran and Reformed churches organ- ized in Westmoreland County in pioneer days, but neither of these elements was strong enough to break away from the union. Rev. John M. Steck of Greensburg visited them occasionally be- fore the year 1800, and his hand writing is found in several — places in the baptismal records of the congregation. In 1813 the congregation selected Rev. Jacob Schnee, an honored member of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, as pastor. Rev. Heinrich Geiszenhainer and Rev. Heinrich Kurtz, who served the church from 1821 to 1826, were also Lutheran pastors. The congrega- tion maintained its union status, however, in spite of one or two strong efforts to break it, and is now a German Evangelical Protestant Church, connected with the Congregationalists. There was an earnest demand at times for the organization of a distinctive Lutheran congregation, and this demand was given a satisfactory answer by Rev. J. C. F. Heyer in 1837. The Evan- gelical Lutheran Synod of West Pennsylvania had instructed Pastors Rosenmiller, Scharretts, and Martin to visit Pittsburgh and see what could be done in the way of organizing a Lutheran Church, but, when this committee failed.to carry out their in- structions, the burden fell upon the broad shoulders of one of the greatest missionaries of the American Church, Father Heyer. The manner in which this work was done, laying down the foundations for three of the strongest Lutheran congregations of Pittsburgh, 1s told in his autobiography, which is quoted in part in connection with the history of the First Church, recorded in this chapter.° Among the oldest German families of Pittsburgh and vicinity, a fair percentage of which were Lutheran, were those of Wilhelm Diehl, Jacob Weitzel, Conrad Weinbeutler, 5—Geschichte der Ersten Deutchen Gemeinde zu Pittsburgh, Fr. Ruoff, p. 28. 6—Autobiography of J. C. F. Heyer, translated by W. A. Lambert, in ‘Lutheran Church Review.” : PASTOR JOHN CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH HEYER HISLORV ORGIES PT TLS BURGH SYNOD e2/ Wilhelm Wusthoff, Johannes Small, Jacob Weitz, Philip Frantz, Reinhard Andes, Johannes Wolf, Christian Wyant, Hendrick Woolry, Dietrich Zweitzig, Johann Metzger, Nicolaus Bausmann, Johann Rothermel, Heinrich Neumann, George Lichtenberger, Alexander Negley, Johann Trumbo, Daniel Reischer, Jacob Mayers, John Fischer, Samuel Ewalt, John.Dausmann, Michael Stein, Jacob Miller, Heinrich Scheffer, Gottlieb Hubler, Jacob Jones, Augustin Liebhard, Stephen Durstly, Christian Reyne- mann, Christian Maure, Wilhelm Wortlein, Jacob Grub, Jacob Haymacher, Michael Huffnagel, Bastian Friedrich, Jacob Knight, Peter Bergemann, Christian Cabble, Johannes Metz, Jacob Wine- miller, Heinrich Stiesing, Jacob Conrad, Jacob Neu, Michael Schuhmacher, John Bail, Jacob Reien, Adam Funk, Conrad Her- Diane damm ellen |onas) Roup, sileinrich jtloter, Eleinrich Bollinger, Wilhelm FEichbaum, Jacob Warmkessel, Daniel Belz- huber, George Roemelly, Thomas Copeland, David Berlin, Sam- uel Hubley, Felix Brunot, George Anschutz, Martin Waury. Nicholas Voegtly, George Weymann, John Schneider, Martin Raum, and Louis Peters. Allegheny County is classed as the banner Lutheran county of western Pennsylvania, having no less than 127 churches with 31,910 confirmed members. This does not mean that the percentage of Lutherans among church members is higher here than in the other counties, but only that the total membership runs into higher figures. Intensive mis- sionary cultivation has been chiefly responsible for the splendid showing. ‘The General Synod in particular concentrated her home mission energies in this field, 1888-1915, and reaped a won- derful harvest. Looking over the list of Pittsburgh Synod churches in the county, one is more impressed by their youth than by their age. Only eleven of the sixty-nine were founded before the year 1870. In the year of the merger, the Lutheran forces of Allegheny County were distributed as follows: Synod Churches Members [25 ReS OVW ctad ei, (Renietayeh cts Set TAL Zs eee ise at fee © er A ROMAN gn eee eae 69 17,409 OTRO VU OCMOTELG) iQue ert cM nee ea Sot ee 24 6,289 OCC OLLCCCT Cog a ee eee yc ee ese ait le were 26 6,778 ANELEaEIS enn. Faye toyae EN LE Sar ge SOL ce tea ee i are 6 1,120 BititalomoyuOdee see sod Yes CASON RM a Ca ae eS ee ee 1 300 SHENGY ane) cS RicaVeleh 22005 Bes Fare Po NG a SE ONO sO TE nee ee ee 1 14 SHEA Lo ONE Ak Bete ba See ek Ee ad ae i274 31,910 The Evangelical Lutheran Church of this great county is only in her infancy. Her power and influence are growing every day. A great wealth of prayers and money has been expended on this territory, and results are being achieved, of which the entire Church of Christ may be proud. The success of our de- voted missionaries in every part of the field is a prophecy of a great future for the Church of the Reformation among the iron and steel workers of western Pennsylvania. 228 ELS LORY (Ob Mr Eie PS BURG Fs YIN Os NORTH :ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BROUGHTON PAL This is the oldest Lutheran Church in Allegheny County, and one of the oldest in western Pennsylvania. As early as 1762 Lutheran pioneers began to cross the Allegheny Mountains and build their little log cabins in the midst of the unbroken wilder- ness. Their first church was established in the Harold’s settle- ment in Westmoreland County in‘1772. The number of German settlers in Allegheny County was not large in pioneer days. Those who came settled chiefly in Lower St. Clair Township, and were supplied with such preaching services as Rev. John Stauch of Fayette County was able to give them, when he vis- ited the old Stecher’s settlement in Washington County. Pastor Stauch served them in this occasional manner until he removed to the state of Ohio in 1806. In his private diary Pastor Stauch says that he had ten preaching places in western Pennsylvania, and one of these was doubtless the settlement at West Salem or North Zion. Whether he ever organized the people into a regu- lar congregation may be questioned, since regular organizations. as we know them were not the rule. The men of the settlement usually came together by appointment, and selected one of their number as “Schatzmeister” This officer visited the Lutheran homes of ee community and secured such funds or produce as he could for the pastor. Sometimes a log church was built be- fore a pastor ever visited the settlement. When a pastor. was secured, he frequently advised the appointment of some good man to fill the office of elder, and that completed the organiza- tion, if. organization it could be called. It is probable that a provisional organization of this character existed here as early as the year 1800, since Pastor Stauch was too good a missionary to ask these people to walk all the way to Stecher’s in order to attend services. Among the earliest members of the congrega- tion were the Verners, Esslins, Pomerenes, Hornings, Sick- manns, Crocos, Linharts, Flowers, and Mowrys. ‘The last of these names alone appears upon the old register of the Pittsburgh German Church, which is good evidence that the two communi- ties were separate and distinct. After Pastor Stauch’s removal in 1806, the church was shepherdless for three years. In 1809, Rev. G. Heinrich Weygandt, a licensed pastor of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, accepted a call to the Washington“ County churches, living in the vicinity of Ginger Hill. He also sup- plied the Jacobs Church in Fayette County and West Salem Church. Living w ithin twelve miles of the latter church, he was able to give it closer pastoral oversight than Pastor Stauch had done. Th 1810 he encouraged them to secure three-fourths of an acre of land for a church and cemetery. This land was conveyed i) Ke) HIS LORY OF (CHES PITTSBURGH SYNOD 2 fone Lhereutch, lutheran :Congregations-of Lower St). Clair Township”, and the title deed bears date of August 20, 1810. A log church, built on this site in 1812, served the congregation as a house of worship for a quarter of a century. ‘The appointments of this church, as might be expected, were very crude. It hada puncheon floor and a clapboard roof. The pews were split logs; the altar a rude table; but the pulpit was of the high wine glass pattern in common use in all the pioneer Lutheran churches of that day. The singing was always congregational and spirited. Everybody s sang. The: congregation usually elected three clerks to lead the singing, one of whom was required to “‘line out the hymns”. Pastor Weygandt was a strong Lutheran by conviction, and one of the leading spirits in the organization of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio in 1818. The first preliminary conference of this body was held in his church at Ginger Hill, DP Pe coperalo tol 2a. lt 1629, aiter servings this, church. tor twenty years, he resigned. He has left a numerous posterity in western Pennsylvania, but many of his descendants spell their name Wiant. The third pastor was Rev. John Brown, who served from 1829 to 1838. He is not to be confused with Rev. Jeremiah Brown who entered the ministry at -.a later period. This is easily done, however, since the names of both appear in the synodical records as “J. Brown”. During his pastorate the old log church was replaced by a more modern frame church, which was dedicated in 1836 as the “West Salem Evangelical iineran Church. Rey.;]. ©..h Heyer and Rev. Nicholas’ G, Scharrets preached the dedicatory sermons in German and English. From the records it appears that the church was accus- tomed to monthly preaching services on Mondays and Saturdays, and to “ three sacramental sabbaths a year”. Pastor Brown died, May 29, 1838, and his body les in the West Salem grave- yard. In 1841 Rev. George St. Clair Hussy took charge of the congregation, but almost destroyed it by his wild-fire revivals. It ipppatd that this pastor, preacheds1or therlutherans. to please. his Waitvera wile. waiter, ner, death, “hepmartied ias Baptist. ‘and preached for the Baptist Church. His methods were so dis- tasteful to the conservative Germans of the congregation that they withdrew temporarily from its fellowship. This unhappy: pastorate came to a close in 1844. The officers of the church at this time were: George Sickmann and John Horning, elders; Jacob Horning, Philip Linhart, and Jacob Sickmann, deacons. The next regular pastor was Rev. Solomon Weills, 1846-1855, who served them in connection with Stecher’s and Pigeon Creek. For the first three years he preached in the old frame church, and then, on March 30, 1849, it was decided to build a new church on lands of Jacob Sickmann and Jacob Horning, about one and one-half miles distant. To distinguish the new church 230 HISTORY OHETHEePLPLSBURCH SS Y NOD from the old frame church it was dedicated as North Zion, October 13, 1850. The congregation retained title to both proper- ties. When the new church was wrecked by a tornado in 1858, another brick church was erected on the same site, which was dedicated, September 25, 1859. As soon as the congregation va- cated the old frame church, the German Lutherans of the com- munity, who had been organized into a congregation by Rev. Daniel Maier of McKeesport, secured a twenty-five year lease. In October, 1867, they were granted a lease of 99 years, pro- vided they, would Keep jthe property | in jgood) repaim Later, they purchased the property outright. The church was connected with Birmingham Parish, 1864-1866; with Chart- iers Parish, 1866-1868; with Turtle Creek, 1874-1876; with Ginger Hill and Bethel, 1876-1886; with Ginger Hill, 1886-1893 ; with Castle Shannon Parish, 1893-1896; with Mt. Olivet Parish, 1901-1905; with Homestead Parish, 1905-1908. From 1910 to 1923 it was dependent upon supplies, and then it was taken under the pastoral care of Pastors Mois Wlessnen toms Carrick North Zion reached the height of her prosperity during the pas- torate of Rev. Alexander Maclaughlin, when she set a high standard of benevolence for all the churches of the synod. From 1874 to 1901 the congregation lost practically all her younger members by removal to the city; since that time the drift of the city population has turned in her direction, and there is once more a good prospect of building up a strong congregation. ‘The coal under the church land was sold in 1901, and the proceeds were used in beautifying the church. A list of pastors is as fol- lows: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1800-1806; Rev. G. H. Weygandt, 1809-1829; Rev. John Brown, 1829-1838; Rev. Abraham Weills (supply), 1838-1841; Rev. G. S. Hussy, 1841-1844; Rev. Solomon Weills, 1846-1855; Rev. J. S. Lawson, 1855-1858; Rev. John Welfley, 1859-1864; Rev. H. W. Roth, 1864-1866; Rev. J. S. Lawson (second term), 1866-1868; Rev. Alexander Mac- Laughlin, 1868-1874; Rev. J. H. Houseman, 1874-1878; Rev. C. S. Coates, 1879-1882; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1883-1884; Rev. J. K. Hilty, 1884-1886; Rev. M. L. Furst, 1886-1890; Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger, 1893-1895; Rev. J. H. Keller, 1901; Rev. G. B. Weaver, 1901-1905; Rev. W. C. Spayde, 1905-1906; Rev. C. R. Dunlap, 1907-1908; Rev. George Noden (U.B.), 1910-1923; Rev. M. H. Messner, 1923-. Sly JOHN'S EVANGELICAL VU THERAN® CHUGH HIGHLAND STATION, ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PA. “The German Church of St. John’s in Allegheny County” was incorporated under the laws of Pennsylvania, May 2, 1829. The petitioners for the charter were John Winter, Andrew Emerick, George Grubbs, John Creis, Sr., Henry Thomas, Sr., His a hve eee ChE SBU REE SYN OD Za Christopher Wineman, David Creis, Henry Creis, Jacob Rodensteel, John Mam@reise. Philip? Satber, John Emerick, Samuel rors er Ola Creis tel rs Michael Young, Andrew Creis, George Creis, Peter Wineman, and John Bol- lender. This charter does not define the ecclesias- tical relations of the cor- poration; neither do we have any record of its pastors until 1845, when it was sought out and served by Rev. Michael Schweigert. When Pastor Schweigert resigned in 1851, his successors failed to look after this little flock, and it was served for a long time by pastors of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church. For this reason it was frequently called the “Cumberland Church”. On April 15, 1860, it was re- organized by Pastor Henry Reck of Pittsburgh with twenty-two members, only three of whom were Lutherans prior to that time. Seven persons were confirmed by Pastor Reck on the day of reorganization. His record of baptisms gives the following fam- ily names: Grubbs, Wright, Canaan, Deer, Cabbage, Sarver, Black, Calender, and Trax. Pastor Reck resigned, July 1, 1861, and was succeeded by Rev. Josiah McPherrin. ‘his pastor was licensed by the synod in 1861, but withdrew from the Lutheran ministry in 1863, and the church then united with Zelienople and Middle Iancaster to form a new parish, which was served by Rev. Jonathan Sarver until 1866. A new mission was then erected, known as the Manchester-Pine Creek Parish, but no missionary was available, and the church disappeared from the records of the synod until 1878, when it was reorganized a sec- ond time by Rev. G. H. Gerberding. This reorganization was probably effected, August 24, 1878, when the following persons communed: lemon | EEE i NS (r — = 6 Canaan, John J. Keown, Thomas Reineman, William Canaan, Mrs. John J. Neuman, William Reineman, Mrs. William Canaan, Maggie Reineman, Mrs. David Reynolds, Elizabeth Deer, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Reineman, Mrs. Mary Ann Roe, Mrs. Mary Ann Deer, John M. Reineman, Thomas Sarver, Mr. and Mrs, Jacob Deer, Maggie Reineman, Mrs. Thomas Sarver, Luella Deer, Elizabeth Reineman, George Sarver, Mrs. Leonard Keown, Nancy Reineman, Mrs. George Sarver, Phillip, Jr. The four deacons of the reorganized Church Council were 232 HISTORY (OF WHE er PS BURGE SYN Ol Thomas Keown, William Deer, John J, Canaan, and Jacob Sarver. A new constitution was adopted at this time, which binds the congrégation to the Unaltered Augsburg Confession and Luther’s Smaller Catechism. It is also stated that the con- gregation shall be “in union with the Pittsburgh Synod”. During the pastorate of Rey. Peter Riffer, a new frame church was erected at a cost of $2,047. The corner stone was laid, October 7, 1894, and the church dedicated, February 17, 1895. This church was remodelled at a cost of $1,200 in 1912, when the chancel arrangement was made to conform to Lutheran ideals of worship. It was rededicated by Pastor Paul G. Klingler. One of the sons of St. John’s, Rev. Walter L. Winner, was ordained by the Pittsburgh Synod in 1921. This entire section of country has been greatly improved in recent years by the erection of a fine class of homes along the Perry Highway. One of these homes was the new parsonage of St. John’s, which was completed in 1923. ‘This parsonage is located in one corner of the Espey peach orchard, which was donated by Mrs. Espey for the pur- pose. For many years the church was connected with Trinity Church, but has been a separate parish since 1922. The follow- ing pastors have served here since the second reorganization: Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1878-1881; Rev. W. P. Shanor, 1881- 1888; Rev. F. P. Bossart, 1888-1890; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1890- 1895; Rev. J. H.. Meyer, 1895; Rev. i. Luepke, 1895-1896; Rev. C.F. Tiemann, 1896-1899; RevooP. J.-C. Glatzert 1 90041006 Rev. P.. G. Klingler, 1907-1921; Rev: Willard D. Allbeck, 1922-: FIRST ENGLISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. Among the first settlers to take up lands about the Forks of the Ohio were a number of Germans. The majority of these early Germans were Reformed, but the presence of a number of Lutherans among them is evidenced by the fact that the Un- altered Augsburg Confession is specified in the original grant of building ground by the Penns, June 18, 1787, to the newly or- ganized German Church. ‘According to the custom of the day, their church was or- ganized as Reformed and Lutheran. Their first regular services were conducted by Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber, a Reformed pastor of Westmoreland County, but the Lutheran associate of Pastor Weber, Pastor John Michael Steck of Greensburg, also visited them and administered baptism before the year 1800. In 1813 this German congregation called Rev. Jacob Schnee, a mem- ber of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, as their pastor. Pastors Heinrich Geiszenhainer and Heinrich Kurtz were also Lutherans ; 7—Geschichte der Ersten Deutschen Gemeinde zu Pittsburgh, Ruoff, page 28. BISLOR Ys. OP tik PrreropUuRGH SYNOD 2335 but the congregation pre- served its status as a union church. The Lu- therans made at least one strong effort to dissolve this union but failed. There was an earnest de- sire for both an English and a German [Lutheran Giin.chiwini:Pittsbureh} however, and this. desire was gratified in 1837. When the West Penn- sylvania Synod met in Lewistown in 1836, a let- ter ‘was. tceeived from Rev. Rosenmiller of Per- rysburg, Ohio, in which he asked the synod to what extent it would aid him in founding an English Lutheran Church in Pittsburgh. After a discussion of the subject, Pastors Rosenmiller, Scharretts and Martin were named as “suitable persons” to begin the work. ‘The sickness of some of these men interfered mith their plans, and the task was assigned to Father Heyer of Somerset County. The great mis- sionary tells of his Pittsburgh experiences in his autobiography . : Se ONS =X ae) 8“Mr. George Weyman, a quiet but Christian man, took a specially active part in the establishment of an English Lutheran congregation in Pittsburgh. On Sunday morning and evening | preached in the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church. On the following Tuesday, seven or eight heads of families came together to discuss what further could and should be done to attain our purpose. Among other things it was resolved to ac- cept with thanks the promised assistance of the West Pennsylvania Synod. Further, a committee was appointed to look for a suitable build- ing in which meetings could be held in the future. All were urged to hunt up the English-speaking members of out church in and around Pittsburgh, and to encourage them to take part in the establishment of an English congregation. Some weeks after the begininng had been made, Brother J. Martin went to Pittsburgh and preached very acceptably in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. When | came to Pittsburgh the second time, the Unitarian Church oh Smithfield Street had been rented for our use for six months. At the first meeting in this building a con- stitution was proposed, and adopted and signed by eleven or twelve heads of families. Soon after this I received instructions from the Missionary Society to remain in Pittsburgh to carry on the work.” In 1837 Father Heyer also organized the dissatisfied Ger- mans of the Smithfield Street Church into the First German Ivangelical Lutheran Church, now in connection with the Mis- 8—Lutheran Church Review, Supplement, April, 1906. 234 HISTORY OF SCAR TEE USBURGI VO YNOD souri Synod. It was not his intention to organize this second congregation at this time; but, when he was refused permission to preach to these Germans in the Union Church, he said to their pastor: “If I can’t preach to Lutherans on the inside of their church, I can preach to them on the outside”. Accordingly, it was done. The St. John’s Lutheran Church of the North Side was also organized by him in the early part of 1838. Father Heyer possessed rare missionary judgment, for the work estab- lished by him rarely failed to reach large development. ‘The names of those who signed the original constitution of the First Church are not given, but the following list probably contains the names of all who were connected with the congregation dur- ing the first three years: Anschutz, William J. Haselbach, Catherine Plitt, Mrs. Barclay, Anna Frances Heilman, Eliza Jane Propheter, Eliza Berkley, Andrew W. Heisely, F. A. Ream, Charles Brown, Henry Heisely, Catherine Ream, Margaret Caufman, Henry W. Hersh, John Richart, William Caufman, Mrs. H. W. Hoffman, Jacob Ritz, Jeremiah Cook, Samuel Huber, Mrs. Jane Ritz, Rachel Dobler, Jacob Hubley, Samuel Royer, George Ebright, Margaret Hubley, George Royer, Elizabeth Egolf, Michael Jackson, Robert Runyan. John Egolf, Mrs. Mary Kreiter, Margaret Runyan, Elizeabth Fahnestock, Samuel Lauman, Catherine Runyan, Rebecca Fahnestock, Peter Leffingwell, C. W. Schuler, W. Gabel, John P. Leffingwell, Mary Sheets, J. Gearing, Elizabeth Venhart, Christopher Shrefler, Lydia Geissenhainer, C. P. Marthens, Henry C. Smit, Daniel Gould, Eliza Mitchell, Daniel Streamer, Elizabeth Graff, Mary Mitchell, Henriette Wentz, Anthony Graham, Mary Nicklin, Mrs. Weyman, George Groff, Daniel Phillips, Levi H. Zug. Mrs. Eliza The first Church Council consisted of George Weyman, F. A. Heisely, Jeremiah Ritz, and W. J. Anschutz. The formula published in the General Synod Hymn Book was adopted for the government of the congregation. The missionary foresight of Father Heyer is evidenced by his organization of a purely Eng- lish Lutheran Church in Pittsburgh at that early day. Many pastors at that time believed that the only possible way to estab- lish a successful Lutheran Church was by the use of the German language. Father Heyer saw the coming of a day when the English would be the dominant language of the Lutheran Church in America, and laid the foundations of this historic con- gregation accordingly. ‘The oldest English Lutheran congrega- tion in western Pennsylvania is Hebron Church of Blairsville; First Church of Pittsburgh stands second. The most serious problem of First Church at the beginning was an acceptable place of meeting. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church, the Unitarian Church, the old Market street court house, and a school house on the banks of the river where the Monongahela House now stands were used in succession. Tradition tells of a com- munion held in the schoolhouse, at which Father Heyer impro- vised an altar by making use of the blackboard. The Sunday HISlvORY QheLTHE PITTSBURGE, SYNOD Zoe School was organized at the same time with the Church, be- ginning with five teachers and seven scholars. Both German and English were used in the instruction; and, when the Germans withdrew to form their own organization, five teachers and thirteen scholars remained on the roll. ‘The field was ripe for mission work, since Pittsburgh at that time was a city of 20,000 people, with an additional 15,000 in its environs. ‘Ten years later the pastor of First Church found it possible to found addi- tional Sunday Schools in a number of these suburbs and thereby lay the foundations of other congregations. The superintendents of the Sunday School of First Church, 1837-1920, were the fol- lowing: The Rev. J. C. F. Heyer, Michael Egolf, John R. Hersh, William Gillespie, George Hubley, James Shane, Thomas H. Lane, J. Harvey Wattles, and Horace W. Bikle. At a meeting of the Church Council, January 24, 1838, a committee was ap- pointed to secure a building site, and another to secure a pastor. A plot of ground on the corner of Seventh avenue and Milten- berger alley, 66x100, was secured by Mr. Weyman for $8,400. This was a large sum of money for the young congregation to invest in a church site, but it was made possible by the generosity of Mr. Weyman himself, who provided much of the interest until the congregation was able to assume the burden. The pastor se- cured was Rev. Emanuel Frey, who began his work, November 14, 1838, but resigned because of ill health five weeks later. The salary was fixed at $500, of which $300 was paid by the congre- gation and $200 by the Missionary and Education Society of the West Pennsylvania Synod. The third pastor was Rev. John McCron, whose term of service extended from May 9, 1839, to November 9, 1842. The congregation secured a charter, March 11, 1840, and proceeded with characteristic devotion to the task of building a church. The building plans called for the erection of a brick church, 60x70, with a basement and gallery, that would be completed in time for the convention of the West Pennsylvania Synod, October 1, 1840. Pastor McCron made three trips to the East in order to collect building funds, securing about $1,200. This was considered a large sum to invest in church extension in those days, but all the pastors of the West Pennsylvania Synod were interested, and anxious to see their banner mission prosper. The church was completed on schedule time; the synod met accord- ing to arrangement; and the building was dedicated by Doctors Charles Philip Krauth and Samuel $. Schmucker, October 4, 1840. Doctor Schmucker was quite popular in First Church in those days, and presented the congregation with a large number of his latest pamphlets as a contribution to the building fund. The successor of Pastor McCron was Pastor William H. Smith, who served from April 12, 1843, to May 14, 1844. He SISTER LOUISA MARTHENS FIRST AMERICAN LUTHERAN DEACONESS MIip LORY SOP Dib Pir S BURGH SYNOD RVG was a great admirer of Rev. William A. Passavant of Baltimore, and pressed his case so warmly that the Church Council deter- mined to secure him as their next pastor. Their first effort was unavailing, but a second call was accepted in June, 1844. The gifts of the new pastor fitted him eminently for the great mission field of this district. ‘The congregation soon caught his mission- ary. spirit and began to grow. As soon as he had firmly estab- lished himself in the parish, he inaugurated a missionary policy that resulted in the organization of a number of mission schools of permanent influence. For the express purpose of doing more effective mission work in western Pennsylvania, he led the move- ment that resulted in the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod in this church, January 15, 1845; and, so closely has this synod and First Church been associated through the life and labors of this great leader of men, it would not be possible to separate them in history. A visit to Europe by Rev. Passavant in 1846 greatly modified his ministerial life. He saw there the Evangelical Lu- theran Church in the fulness of her power, and was glad to lay aside the revival methods of his earlier ministry for the more evangelical methods of his own Church. His visit to Kaisers- werth also gave him an introduction to that type of institutional work, which eventually so absorbed his time and interest that he felt compelled to resign his parish, January 8, 1855. The successor of Doctor Passavant also filled a large place in the history of this congregation and of the synod. It would be difficult to say which of these two great leaders, Passavant the missionary or Krauth the theologian, wielded the greater in- fluence. As pastors of First Church they gave to this parish a place of historic importance second to none other in the United Lutheran Church. The congregation entertained the General synod in 1859, and the General Council in 1868. It was here that the Pittsburgh Synod was organized in 1845, and here that the opening session of the merger convention of 1919 was held. While pastor of First Church, Doctor Krauth occupied a front rank among the ministerial forces of the city. Huis services were in constant demand; and his appearance on special occasions al- ways added to his popularity and to the prestige of First Church. During his pastorate here a number of Lutheran boys, among whom was Duncan M. Kemerer, were students in the Presby- terian Seminary. These boys would come to him with their theological problems, and it was his work in helping them to meet misrepresentation of Lutheran doctrine that laid the foun- dations of his classic, The Conservative Reformation. An emin- ent layman of First Church, Thomas H. Lane, often urged him to publish such a work, that it might serve as an antidote to Schmucker’s Popular ‘Theology. The pastorate of Doctor Krauth continued from-November 1, 1855, to September 12, 238 HISTORY OF SCH EMP Tio DURG Haas YIN © By 1859. The next pastorate was that of Doctor Reuben Hill, January 1, 1860, to July 1, 1866. During this pastorate, a valu- able lot on the corner of Penn avenue and Ninth street was se- cured and held in trust for the congregation by a number of laymen. It proved to be a, fine investment later on. The suc- cessor of Doctor Hill was Doctor Samuel Laird, who served the congregation through troublous times, May 1, 1867, to July 1, 1879. As he began his work the synodical controversy was just coming to a head. First Church was quickly swept into the tur- moil. A section of the by-laws of the congregation forbade any minister becoming their pastor unless he was “‘a member of some synod in connection with the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States’. Members of the con- gregation, favorable to the cause of the General Synod, demand- ed the enforcement of this by-law; and litigation followed that was not settled until after a decision of the Court of Allegheny County had been confirmed by the Supreme Court of Pennsyl- vania. After the final decision, forty members of First Church withdrew, organized Messiah Church, bought a good property on Ninth street, and worshipped there for a number of years as a General Synod congregation. The pastors of Messiah Church were the following: Rev. J. H. W. Stuckenberg, D.D_, -1868- 1873; ‘Rev- “T. C.- Billhenmer, D5D2 1187421377 Rev Gee Bowers, D.D., 1878-1881; Rev. C. IT sSteck, 1882-1883. This congregation was quite prosperous at first, the membership reaching 167; then a series of discouragements ensued that fin- ally led to disbandment in 1884. The greater part of the re- maining members united with Trinity Church. When the call of First Church was extended to Doctor Laird, he declined on the ground that he was not a pastor of the General Synod, but after the objectionable by-law had been re- moved by congregational action, January 30, 1868, the call was renewed and accepted. During his pastorate of twelve years he rendered splendid service. It was during his pastorate that First Church did some of her most effective mission work. It was not the policy of the congregation to encourage its members to unite with the suburban missions, but the purses of the people were ever open to any missionary, who could show that he hadi fertile field. The next pastor was Doctor Edmund Belfour, who served from February 1, 1880, to July 1, 1892. During this period the present church was erected and dedicated. The first step was taken, January 12, 1885, when the trustees were authorized to sell the Penn avenue lot for not less than $75,000; the second step was taken, August 12, 1885, when it was decided to pur- chase the lot on the corner of Grant street and Strawberry alley, 120x94, at a price that was finally adjusted at $55,900; the third PPS CORY OPS Re PITESRBURGHYSYNOD 239 step was taken, January 3, 1887, when Thomas H. Lane and William F. Lang were appointed to negotiate the sale of the old church; and the final step was taken, January 24, 1887, when the congregation decided to celebrate its Jubilee by the erection of a worthy temple. The corner stone of the new church was laid, November 6, 1887, and the beautiful and churchly building dedicated to the praise of the Christ, November 4, 1888. Doctor Samuel Laird preached the dedicatory sermon. It is a Gothic stone structure, cruciform in design, the nave having a depth of seventy-four feet with an equal width in the transepts, providing a seating capacity of five hundred. On the northeast corner is a graceful spire 170 feet in heighth. The total cost of the ground and building was about $150,000. Since the dedication a number of beautiful memorials have been placed in the church, among which are the Black memorial window in the north transept, the Thorwaldsen font, placed by B. F. Weyman in loving memory of Octo ely ec autiemane sthesnichechancelsmosaicsyee| hehis- tory of the liturgical development of First Church is interesting. “The first difficulties arose from the discussion and adoption of the synod’s recommendation of a service designed to secure more uniformity in its congregations. The service itself was exceed- ingly simple and moderate, including little of a liturgical char- acter beyond the recital of the Creed and the Lord’s Prayer. Much sentiment in favor of such a service had been quietly de- veloped in the congregation by the use for many years in the Sundaye ochoolmoimthes reed ord. sebrayer, ‘and, various, ,re- sponsive readings. ‘The final adoption of the synod’s service placed the congregation on the firing line, and developed an op- position to conservative usages which had much to do with Mr. Hill’s final resignation; and this, notwithstanding the fact that he had not been in the least an agitator’. Strange as it may seem, however, this opposition party was so eager to secure the serv- ices of Doctor Joseph A. Seiss as the successor of Doctor Hill that they were willing that he should wear the clerical robe if he came. ‘The Church Book of the General Council was used for the first time, November 8, 1868. The full service was not used at that time, however, for it was believed that the people were not yet prepared for it. On January 2, 1888, the following reso- lution was adopted: “Resolved, That, as the complete usages in the services of the Evangelical Lutheran Church are approved by this congregation, the Council is authorized to procure the clerical robe commonly used in the Lutheran Church, and further that its use shall be introduced at the consecration service of the new church edifice’. When the Common Service Book was pub- lished, it was introduced at once. The historic service of the Lu- theran Church now seems such a natural thing in First Church 9—History of the First Church, published in 1909, page 92. 240 HISTORY hemuren church was built’ of logs, 2314x25, and dedicated by Pastor Schweigert, October 31, [S47 Theme walls were kept white- washed every year, and all the furnishings, including the plain slab seats, were painted white. .-The cost of this: church is not HISTORY OF ATH BIPITTSOBURGHESYNOD 241 known, but the actual cash outlay amounted to very little. It was heated by one stove placed in the center of the building. No provision was made for lighting, for no evening services were held. According to an established custom, the men sat on one side of the church and the women on the other. Pastor Kaehler served the congregation, 1851-1862, during the greater part of which his parish consisted of seven congregations. Many of his appointments were made on foot, and he was held in high esteem among the people. Among the family names found in his record of baptisms are the following: Fischer, Meier, Baumgarten, Will, Bauerlein; Sperber, Hollein, Midemeir,: Werner: Lehrheuser, Eckert, Koenig, Killian, Scharf, Sorgel, Hoffman, Brandt, Seiple, Uhlenberg, Schnabel, and Réicher. After the resignation of Pastor Kaehler, the church was supplied for a time by pastors from the city. The most helpful service was given by Pastor Henry Neumann of Pittsburgh, who helped them to secure a legal charter, June 6, 1863. The: petitioners for this charter were: Rev. Henry Neumann, Philip Brandt, John M. Graf, John Kempf, John Sorgel, J. L. Mueller, John Beirlein, J. M. Reum- scouesscl,, rlenry, Kletter. Philip» Beyer; W.° Broermann; >and George Brandt. The corporate title assumed was “Trinity Ger- man Evangelical Lutheran Church of Franklin Township, Alle- gheny County, Pennsylvania”. The charter is one of the strictest, and binds the congregation to the Pittsburgh Synod. The church was formally admitted to the synod in 1864. In 1864 the church united with St. John’s, Wuertemberg, and St. Paul’s in forming) -lrinity ‘Charge’; and. a call’ was extended. to’ Rev. Herman Gilbert, who rendered highly acceptable service. In 1867 he relinquished the Wuertemberg and St. John’s congrega- tions, and accepted St. Matthew’s of Wall Rose in their stead. During the earlier part of his pastorate he lived in the vicinity of Trinity Church, boarding with one of the families of the church; later he lived in Zelienople, from which he would frequently walk the long distance to Trinity on Saturday to meet his catechetical class, and then, after the Sunday morning service, continue his walk to Wall Rose or Glenfield. It was during his pastorate that the old log church was torn down, and a good brick church erected on the higher ground of the Bradford tract. The corner stone. was laid, April 19, 1868, and the burtlding dedicated, October 11, 1868. Rev. Henry E. Jacobs preached the dedica- tory sermon in English. The church was built of brick, burned on the farm of Philip Brandt, and cost complete about $5,000. Pastor Gilbert resigned in 1874, and his immediate successors were Rev. Johannes Muelhauser, 1874-1878; Rev. Joseph Rech- steiner, 1878-1882; and Rev. Ivan Dietrich, 1882-1889. In May of 1883. Pastor Dietrich occupied the new parsonage, erected at a cost of $1,500 on ground across the road from the church. One 242 HISTORY) OF OUSDE ess HD tome tealy sa UR Geren This congregation was organized through the missionary ef- forts of Rev. William A. Passavant, February 20, 1852, under the ‘name* of | The ,Grace _ Evangelical” Lutherans Churceimas Birmingham and South Pittsburgh”. Birmingham was then a busy little manufacturing town, which presented a fine field for Missionary operations, and the pastor of First Church was too good a missionary to over- look it. On his own re- es a sponsibility he let a con- D 4 WES a tract for a church in Sep- ES ROE em. -tember,.. 1350; togmeeost a $1,775;00.4 “REV Vee Roedel, who was never a member of the Pittsburgh Synod, assisted the found- er in much of the prelim- inary work. ‘The mission church was formally opened for services by Revi. "Wis AGEL Rassanmng and Rev. Michael Eyster in November, 1851. The congregation was not or- ganized until February 20, 1852, when the follow- ing persons applied for membership: Mrs. Goehr- HISTORY OFF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 243 ing, Sr., Job Wareham, Mrs. Susan Keene, R. A. Bausman, Mrs. Eliza Baer, William Hunter, Mrs. Nancy Wareham, and Mrs. Charlotte Moorehead. ‘The first pastor was Rev. Henry Reck, who was granted ad interim license by the president of the Pitts- burgh Synod in order to perform ministerial acts. His salary was small, but he served Grace in connection with Chartiers, and received no mission aid. The most encouraging feature of the work of the new mission was the Sunday School; the children of many unchurched families were drawn into it, and eventually be- came members of the congregation. When Pastor Reck resigned October 1, 1858, Grace Church became a separate parish under the care of Pastor C. D. Ulery, who served from 1859 to 1861. Because of a severe business depression the church was accepted as a mission of the synod, and was known as the “Birmingham English Mission”. In 1861 the church had increased to 65 mem- bers, and the Sunday School enrolled 280. The success of this school was such that the missionary was asked to organize a sec- ond school in connection with St. Paul’s German Church. At that time St. Paul’s Church was served by a pastor of the Pitts- burgh Synod. Student Henry W. Roth was the missionary in charge from October 20, 1861, to June 9, 1863, when he was licensed by the synod and became the regular pastor. Under his care the membership of Grace increased to 101, and the last of the church debt was paid. A nine-room parsonage was built in 1868 at a cost of $4,000. According to the records of the church, Pastor H. W. Roth resigned, August 8, 1870, but continued to supply them until March 26, 1871. The next pastor was Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1871-1889, during whose long pastorate many acces- sions were made to the church and great good accomplished. The mission became self-sustaining in 1873. St. John’s Church of Homestead was organized by Pastor Melhorn in 1874, eight of the members of Grace becoming charter members. The two churches were united in one parish until July 3, 1887. Pastor Melhorn was an indefatigable worker, and able to report a strong congregation of 287 members when he resigned. His suc- cessorss were Rev, Ht) .G. Holloway, 1889-1891 and Rev. J. C: Kunzmann, 1891-1899. During the last named pastorate the present house of worship was erected at 23rd and Sidney streets, several blocks from the first church. The population of the South Side was shifting so fast at that time that there was no opposition to the relocation. The corner stone of the new church was laid by Pastor Kunzmann, July 3, 1892, and the completed church dedicated, March 28, 1893. The building was constructed of brick and stone, and cost, including the lot, $30,000. During the long pastorate of Doctor D. Luther Roth, there were large accessions to the church, but once again the population began to shift to the hills beyond the river fog and smoke, and church 244 HISTORY*OP PHE PITTSsURGH swNOD work became increasingly difficult. In 1923 an arrangement was made by which the pastor could minister to both Grace and St. James congregations, holding a chief service in each church every Sunday morning, but this ceased in 1925. The order of pastor- ates was as follows: Rev. W. A. Passavent (supply) 1852; Rev. Henry Reck, 1852-1858; ‘Rev. C. D. Ulery, 1859-1861; Student H. W. Roth (supply), 1861-1863; Rev. H. W. Roth, 1863-1870; Rev. H. W. Roth (supply),1870-1871; Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1871-1889; Rev. H. C. Holloway, 1889-1891; Rev. J. C. Kunzmann, 1891-1899; Rev. D. L. Roth, 1899-1914; Rev. C. B. Foelsch, 1914-1920; Rev. J. Kent Rizer, 1921-1925. MT. CALVARY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH McKEES ROCKS, PA; While this church is now located in the town of McKees Rocks, it was started on the hill beyond in a rural district. The need of a church was deeply felt by the people, since bad roads 3 and high water from the river at certain seasons of the -year ‘made uta most impossible to attend services in the city. To meet this need Martin Clever, Sr., donated one acre of ground to the Lu- theran Church for church burial purposes in May, . 1852) Anxious tovseesine hopes of the people real- ized, Pastor Henry Reck of Birmingham held serv- ices in the home of Mar- tin Clever, Sunday eve- ning, February 27, 1853. Rev. W. A. Passavant followed this with a sim- . ilar service, Monday eve- ning, March 7, 1853, when Ephraim J. Brooks, Martin Clever Jr., and Cornelius Scully were appointed as a church building committee. A fund of $1,000 was soon raised, and the contract for the building of a small frame church was let to John Glass of Pittsburgh at that figure. This building was dedicated as Mt. Calvary Lutheran Church, Sep- tember 4, 1853, Rev. William A. Passavant, Rev. Henry Reck, and Rev. F. W. Tuerk of the Lutheran Church being assisted by Rev. Jennings of the Presbyterians. A number of Episcopalian HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 245 ladies were deeply interested in the furnishing of the little church. The congregation was not regularly organized until November 12, 1853, when the following applied for membership: Clever, Mrs. Mary M. Clever, Rebecca Ellen Patterson, Mrs. Susan Clever, Martin, Jr. Magnus, Mr. and Mrs. P. J. Powell, Mrs. Catherine _ Clever, Mrs. Elizabeth Patterson, James S. Rea, Martha Of these first members, Mrs. Elizabeth Clever and Rebecca Ellen Clever were confirmed; James S. Patterson and Mrs. Susan Patterson were received from the Cumberland Presby- terian Church; Martha Rea came from the Presbyterians; the others were former Lutherans. The leader of this movement, Martin Clever Sr., was not included among the original members, for the reason that he believed that his Fatherland confirmation was all the “church-joining” he needed. He was persuaded to unite with the congregation several years later. Martin Clever Jr., and James S$. Patterson were elected as the first deacons, and Matin clever, and? >| wVidgnuS-as the first trustees; VA ‘call was then extended to Rev. Milton Valentine, it being stipulated that he should preach every alternate Sunday morning at an annual salary of $150. Pastor Valentine served the church less ({Hatiea year, and *his successor, Kev. Henry ‘Reck, served it in connection with Birmingham, 1855-1859. The congregation was legally chartered, October 1, 1855. In the spring of 1890 part of the church ground was leased to an oil company. Three wells were drilled, and the people of the congregation suddenly found themselves reaping dividends at the rate of $100 a day. This rich return continued until the treasurer had received about $6,000, when it was decided to use the money in rebuilding the church. The new church was dedicated by Pastor J. Q. Waters, February 22, 1891, when Doctor Passavant preached the sermon. A sweet-toned bell was donated by Mrs. Henry Johnston and a new communion service by Mr. C. Kircher. The total cost of the improvements was about $6,000. When Mt. Calvary was or- ganized it was in an isolated rural field; as the years went by the town of McKees Rocks grew up at the mouth of Chartiers Creek, and a relocation became highly desirable. On May 31, 1896, it was decided to build a new church in the town. ‘Three lots on the corner of Furnace street and Chartiers avenue, 72x100, were bought from John A. McKee, and the way thus opened for the building of the third house of worship. The corner stone was laid, May 9, 1897, and the church dedicated by Pastor Robert R. Durst, November 21, 1897. It was built of frame, costing together with the site about $6,900, but the raising of the building above flood level in 1907 cost $1,300 additional. The erection of this church gave the congregation two places of worship. Services were continued at both places until 1911, when those at the upper church were discontinued except on 246 HISTORY OF THE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD funeral occasions. ‘This upper church was razed to the ground in 1923. In 1903 the parsonage at the upper church had been sold and removed. ‘The second parsonage was built on Mary street in 1907 at a cost of $7,300, but this was sold in 1920, in order to secure the property on the corner of Dale street and Russelwood avenue at a cost of $10,500. Here a beautiful church costing $78,000 was dedicated by Pastor john J. Myers, Octo- ber 18, 1925. Mt. Calvary Cemetery is the pride of Mt. Calvary Church. To the original donation of 1852, ten acres were added by purchase from the Clever heirs in 1912, and ten more by pur- chase from the Heinauer heirs in 1920. ‘The following pastors have served in this parish: Rev. Milton Valentine, 1853-1854; Rev. Henry Reck, 1855-1859; Rev. J. S. Lawson, 1859-1868; Rev. W. A. Passavant, D.D., 1868-1876; Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1876-1879; Rev. A. N. Bartholomew, 1879-1885; Rev. J. Q. Waters, 1885-1895; Rev. R. R. Durst, 1896-1911; Rev. John J. Myers, 1912-1925; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1925—. STS LUKE'S EVANGEEICAT SU Hi RANG Gil Uiixiey SHAT ER FLOW NSELLPS ALE G ELE IN. COCHIN a Nees This church was organized by Pastor John George Mueller of the Evangelical Church early in 1861. The first services were held in the Bauer and Sauter homes in German. Ground for church and burial purposes was donated by Martin Bauer, on which a small frame church, costing $1,500, was dedicated by Pastor Mueller in 1861. It was located along the Evergreen road, about a quarter of a mile above the present church. Many of the original members were gardeners, who sold their produce in the Allegheny market. The Bauer family had five members in the first confirmation class of 1861, and the entire community was commonly known as Bauerstown. Pastor Mueller served faithfully until March 27, 1887, and was succeeded by Pastor Ursinus Hangaertner, who was ordained in the old church, May 8, 1887, and served until July 27, 1890. ‘These two pastors were members of the Evangelical Synod, but the congregation re- mained independent. After the retirement of Pastor Hangaert- ner, Pastor Claudius Heinrich Oevermann was introduced to the congregation by Pastor Ivan Dietrich, and served them from September 14, 1890 until death, July 24, 1922. During this long pastorate there were many vital changes. For the first ten years he held German services in the frame church every Sunday morning, but his free afternoons and evenings enabled him also. to serve as pastor of the German Evangelical Church of Tar- entum. A more desirable church site, containing two acres, was bought for $1,300 in 1883, and this ground increased in value so rapidly that the trustees were able to sell several lots for $8,000, Bis tORYVOb et hie er iLasBURGHeSY NOD 247 and to erect a good brick church at a cost of $11,000. This brick church was dedicated by Pastor Oevermann in June, 1900. A frame parsonage was then erected on ground adjoining the church. The old frame church was remodelled as a dwelling in 1902, the rentals from which were used for church purposes. The congregation retained its burial ground of five acres, known asiot. Luke’s Cemetery, which has béen in use since 1861. Dur- ing the latter part of his pastorate Pastor Oevermann introduced English services for the young people, with the result that the language problem of St. Luke’s was solved without appreciable loss. Realizing the dangers of congregational independence, Pastor Oevermann persuaded the people to adopt a new consti- tution in 1922, and to unite with the Pittsburgh Synod. The successor of Pastor Oevermann was Pastor F. C. Frommhagen, who conducted all services in English except an occasional Ger- man service for the older people. After 1923 the German was entirely eliminated. The church and parsonage were completely renovated in 1923 and 1924 at a total cost of $4,600, and a serv- ice of rededication was conducted by Pastor Frommhagen, November 16, 1924. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. J. G. Mueller, 1861-1887; Rev. Ursinus Hangaertner, 1887- 1890; Rev. C. H. Oevermann, 1890-1922; Rev. F. C. Fromm- hagen, 1922- (NEN The VAIN GELICAT AT OTH RAN CHURCH Fee ho bs Wats Cr ely ke ane The foundations of Trinity Church were laid in a humble mission school, opened by Rev. William A. Passavant in May, 1846. 1°It began its career in the old “Temperance Ark” with seven teachers and thirty-six scholars. Some of the deeply inter- ested workers were Adam Epply and his sister, the Misses Clatk, John Allison, J. N. Eckert, C. Berenger, and Miss Conrad. This school was maintained for three years, when the building changed ownership and the school was left homeless. An effort was made to secure another room, but the workers lost heart and the school disbanded. ‘There were many unchurched children in the neigh- borhood, however, and two ladies of the Episcopal Church de- termined to do something for them. Failing to interest their own rector, they appealed to Doctor Passavant, who gladly availed himself of this second opportunity to plant a Lutheran Church in Allegheny. A lady, who taught a select school on Martin street, offered her school room for Sunday afternoons. Later the upper story of a fire-engine house on the same street was secured. It was no ideal location; the dirt and din was disheartening; but the heroism of the teachers outlived it all. That old fire-engine 10—Articles in The Missionary, August 7, 1856, and November 29, 1860. 248 HISTORY: OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD house was one of the bright spots on the re- ligious map of Pittsburgh from 1850 to 1854. Among the teachers were the Misses King, Conrad, Wade, Hewes, Greatrake, andiGiadg be rt Ghieaae Messrs. Philips, Totten, Heckert, and Johnson. Such was the character of their work that no prophet. was needed to tell the city that the foundations of a great church were being laid? The use! onesie chapel of these cosed Presbyterian Church was secured in the winter of 1853, and Rev.» Milton Valentine of Chartiers gave them occasional Sunday evening services. This church was bought for $1,962 in 1854, and some more money was spent in making repairs, but all the needed money was raised except $1,000, which was funded as a debt. In 1854, there were 200 scholars enrolled in this school; in 1859 there were 350. At this time Allegheny City had a population of 28,000, which was min- istered to by nine Presbyterian, seven Methodist, three Roman Catholic, one Episcopalian, one German Evangelical, one Ger- man Lutheran and several smaller churches. As yet no pro- vision had been made for the English Lutheran work. ‘The English Lutherans crossed the river to Pittsburgh when they at- tended church, and the Pittsburgh congregation did not want them to withdraw their membership. When they made their wishes known to the Church Council, they met with opposition, and this opposition was shown in an official protest to the Pitts- burgh Synod in 1860. All these objections were overruled by the great Head of the Church, however, for the “First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Allegheny” was organized on October 21, 1800, with forty-eight members, thirty-six of whom received letters of dismissal from First Church of Pittsburgh. These original members were the following: Barnes, Mrs. Amanda Duve, Julius J. Hambright, Mrs. Sarah Blair, Kinder Duve, Mrs. Anna Heckert, Benamin Blair, Mrs. Augusta Evans, Mrs. Margaret Holler, Susan Blair, Mrs. Catherine Gebhart, Jacob Inghram, Mrs. Mary Clever, John M. Gebhart, Mrs. Elizabeth Kurtz, Jeremiah Clever, Mrs. Eliza Graham, Nathan Kurtz, Mrs. Caroline Cooper, Marshall Graham, Mrs. Elizabeth Lehman, T. H. Cooper, Mrs. Catherine Graham, Harriett Lehman, Mrs. M. F. HISTORY NORA THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 249 Lehman, Manette Ruper, Mrs. Julia Smith, Mrs. Caroline Lindsay, Mrs. Elizabeth Schreiver, Mrs. Christina Waters, Mrs. Juliet Manspeaker, Daniel Seibert, Jacob Waters, Anna M. Manspeaker, Mrs. Rebecca Seibert, Mrs. Sophia Waters, Mary E. Manspeaker, Susan Schackleford, Mrs. C. E. Wharen, Mrs. Susan Richardson, Mrs. Jane Shaner, Barbara Wiederhold, Mrs. Emma C. Richardson, Margaret Shaner, Sophonia Yeager, Christian Ruper, Emanuel Singleton, Mrs. Rebecca Yeager, Mrs. Elizabeth The name adopted at the organization was retained until December 6, 1876, when tt was changed to Trinity. The first pastor was Rev. Henry Reck, who served from December 15, 1860, to July 1, 1863. His salary was fixed at $400. His successor was Rev. John George Goettman, who began a long and fruitful pastorate, November 29, 1863, and closed it in death, November 5, 1905. A more ideal relation between pastor and people is not found on the records of the synod. With an intense love for the distinctive doctrines of the Lutheran Church that ever gave dignity and strength to his labors, with natural graces that made him at home among all classes of peo- ple, with a consecration fire in his heart that was never allowed to smoulder, John G. Goettman was eminently fitted to become the pastor of a church that was destined to fill a strategic position in the developing life of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of western Pennsylvania. During the synodical controversy he proved a tower of strength to General Synod interests. After the stress of this period had been relieved to a certain degree, the congregation took up the question of building a new church. The old church on Washington street was sold in 1870 for $9,000, and the Stockton homestead, corner of Stockton avenue and Arch street, was bought for $10,000. Something over $30,000 was spent in the building and furnishing of this church, which was dedicated by the pastor, May 26, 1872, Doctors F. W. Con- rad and L,. A. Gotwald preaching the sermons. ‘The pipe organ was built by H. Knauff and Sons of Philadelphia, and the open- ing concert was given on Friday evening, May 24, 1872. From 1889 to 1899, Doctor Goettman was given an assistant pastor, in order that he might have more free time to prosecute the great home mission work so dear to his heart. ‘These assistants were Rev. W. E. Main, Rev. A. S. Fichthorn, Rev. E. E. Blint, Rev. W. lL. Heuser, Rev. Henry Anstadt, Rev.. Samuel T. Nicholas, and Rev. J. B. Markward. On May 11, 1897, Doctor Goettman bowed beneath the weight of his heavy burden, and a few months later relinquished the pastorate. His resignation was accepted, October 26, 1898, when he was elected pastor emeritus. Nothing in the history of Trinity Church shines with a brighter lustre than her tender care of the stricken pastor until the final sum- mons came, November 5, 1905. His successor was Doctor Alonzo J. Turkle, who began his pastorate, February 1, 1899, and maintained the same high 250 HiSTORY@O RCE bial Do BURGH SY VOD standards of service set by his predecessor. ‘The church building was given a thorough renovation in the summer of 1922 at a cost of $9,839, and was reopened for servicés, September 17, 1922) While the membership of Trinity is scattered throughout the en- tire Pittsburgh district, a great company of people worship be- fore her altar every Sunday morning. Two of her young men have entered the ministry: Lewis Hay .and Wilkins Blair Claney. With a membership of more than six hundred, her devoted peo- ple believe that there is yet a great and vital work for her to do among the Evangelical Lutherans of western Pennsylvania. SPHPAULStGE RMA NSE V AON ALEVE RANG Cit Uk Gor CALIDAD ay The pioneers of this community were chiefly Germans, many of whom were Lutheran in faith, but no church services were held until 1860, when they were visited by Rev. W. A. Passa- vant and Rev. (HH! © "kaehlen™ Pastors Waehlerspreachea ion them occasionally for more than a year, but effected no organiza- tion. The congregation was regularly organized by Pastor Robert Neumann, February 8, 1863, with twenty-five communing members. In the early synodical records it is known as the “Kilbuck Church”. On April 11, 1863, an application was made for a charter, which was signed by Pastor Robert Neumann, Jacob» Fetter,-Péter Arras) Adami Roeder,” |ohannesmcctpers Friedrich Opperman, P. VonStein, H. Heinlein, Lorenz Wendel, John Fundis, Philip Fetter, Matthias Huettner, Martin Weiss, and Johann Dietz. This charter bound the congregation to the Pittsburgh Synod, and the attempt of a German pastor in later years to represent it as independent was deeply resented by the people. In 1864 the church united in forming Trinity Parish, which then extended a call to Pastor Herman Gilbert. Pastor Gilbert rendered faithful service during his pastorate, 1864-1872, but was unable to add many members to the congregation. At the beginning of his ministry a beautiful and elevated church site was donated by Mr. C. Behringer, on which a small frame church was erected. This church was dedicated by Pastor Herman Gilbert on Ascension Day, May 30, 1867, Rev. G. A. Wenzel preaching in German and Rev. Henry W. Roth in English. This church was enlarged and beautified in 1887, during the long pas- torate of Rev. Ivan Dietrich, by the erection of a tower, chancel and sacristy. A bell was installed in the tower during the fol- lowing year. From 1864 to 1878 the church was connected with Trinity Parish; from 1879 to 1886 with several mission stations of the synod; from 1887 to 1910 with Woods Run; from 1910 to 1917 with Economy; from 1917 to 1920 with Trinity German Church of Pittsburgh; from 1920 to 1922 with St. James Church HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH? SYNOD 251 of Pittsburgh; after which it was served as a separate parish until better arrangements could be made. ‘The comparative strength of St. Paul’s is shown by the fact that there were only 204 baptisms and 117 confirmations during the first thirty years of her history. All services are now held in English. The present membership of the congregation is 53. A consecutive list of the pastorates follows: Rev. Robert Neumann, 1863-1864; Rev. Herman Gilbert, 1864-1872; Rev. Carl Jaeckel (supply), 1873; Rev. John Muehlhauser, 1874-1878; Rev. Solomon Munsch, 1878-1879; Rev. Joseph Rechsteiner, 1879-1882; Supplies, 1882- 1886; Rev. Ivan Dietrich, 1886-1910; Supplies, 1910-1912; Rev. G. M. Kaiser, 1913-1914; Rev. John Mueller, 1915-1917; Rev. F. J. Fuerst, 1917-1922; Rev: Paul E. Porath, 1922-1925; Rev. ete ohanenel O20 Bia ARKeS PE VANGEULICATAEUREERAN CHURCH. SPRINGDALE, PA. So far as we can learn, the first Lutheran services of this community were conducted by Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld, then pastor of the Hankey Church of Westmoreland County. After a year of missionating in the valley he succeeded in organizing a con- gregation of thirty-eight members in Tarentum, February 17, 1860. ‘This congregation disbanded in 1866, and a number of its members united with others in organizing a church in Spring- dale, May 25, 1867. The charter members numbered eighteen, and this number would doubtless have been larger but for the synodical controversy that was raging at the time. ‘The corner stone of a frame church was laid by Pastors J. K. Melhorn, W. PemiassaVaii Gren aavWenzel. sand, tienry W Roth Aucust 6, 1867, and the completed building was dedicated by Doctor Passa- vant, March 8, 1868. The church was supplied during the sum- mer of 1868 by Rev. Henry Eyster Jacobs, and in the fall of the same year a new parish was formed, consisting of Kittanning, Natrona, and Springdale, which was served by Rev. John A. Kribbs. After the withdrawal of the Kittanning Church from the parish, September 1, 1872, the two other churches were so weak that they could not support a pastor, and their only services for the next eleven years were conducted by supplies. Many of the members were so disheartened by this experience that they were afraid to undertake large tasks for a long time. Pastor J. Leonard Fischer accomplished a fine work for the congregation when he helped them to secure, part by donation of Mrs. Lavinia Metsker and part by purchase, two fine lots on the corner of Pittsburgh street and Colfax lane. Here ground was broken for the erection of a churchly brick chapel, July 28, 1912, with the oldest member of the congregation, Michael Shoop, handling the 252 HIS DORY ORS TEE PLL DS BURGH Ss WN OD shovel. The corner stone was laid, November 24, 1912, and the church dedicated by Pastor Fischer, May 18, 1913. The font was presented by Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Sunedecker, the pulpit by Mr. and Mrs. C. EF. Cornman; the Bible by Mrs. W. J. Spahr, the lectern by St. Peter’s Church of Evans City, the pews by Grace Church of Rochester, memorial windows by a number of inter- ested friends, and a fund of $2,000 for a future parsonage by Mrs. Lavinia Metsker. It was a great day of triumph for the people of St. Mark’s. During the last ten years there has been a large influx of people into the community, and more aggressive plans were made to care for them. In the summer of 1923 a beautiful parsonage was erected at a cost of $11,000. Fifty new members were added to the congregation during the Easter sea- son of 1923, and the church became self-supporting in 1926. A complete, list’ of (they regular ‘pastorates™ 1s ace c.. lows: Supplies, 1867-1868; Rev. J. A. Kribbs, 1868-1872; Sup- plies, 1872-1883; Rev. John Welfley, 1883-1888; Rev. R. E. Mc- Daniel, Ph.D., 1889-1900; Rev. E. O. Graham, 1901-1908; Rev. J; Di Roth; 1909-1911 Rev J Ue bischer, 1911210 lS) see eee Dennig, 1913-19153 (Rev. Aw Me Hahn, 1015*1916 Shey stants Ruff, 1916-1920; Rev. W. S$. Bonnell, 1921-1922; Rev. C. W. Baker jr 1922- CHRIST SE VANGHIIGAT. WT Til hear UG PIPL 6b UR Gb EAS Credit for the founding of this church is given to Doctor Samuel Laird and Doctor William A. Passa- vant. The» first services were held in the winter off 1868-=1869°9 11 Se Peter’s German Church; then an English Lutheran Sunday School was or- ganized in the old Lincoln avenue school building. This school enrolled six teachers and forty schol- ars on the first day. The place of meeting was soon changed to Liberty Hall, corner of Penn and Cen- ter avenues. The’ first regular pastor of the mis- sion! ‘was Rew ae HISTORY. OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 253 Waters, who organized the congregation in the home of Daniel Hilty, June 25, 1869. The first members were the following: Brown, Henry Hilty, Daniel Tabor, Cordelia Brown, Mary C. Hilty, Mary VanPool, Elizabeth Dalzell, William Hilty, M. S. Wagner, George Dalzell, Rebecca Hilty, Richard Walker, William Dodds, Lavinna R. Tritle, L. Winter Walker, Margaret J. Fry, Gabriel and Hannah Tritle, Catherine Waters, Annie C. Fry, Mary Tim, Elizabeth Woolslare, Elizabeth The mission was launched under encouraging conditions, and the synod made an anual appropriation of $400 for the sup- port of the pastor. A small building -was purchased on Station street for $1,500, the first floor of which was converted into a chapel. Here a Sunday School of 125 children was soon gath- ered, but the quarters were so overcrowded and unsatisfactory that two lots on the corner of Broad and Sheridan streets, 60x150, were bought for $2,500 in the following year. The corner stone of a chapel was laid on the rear end of the new site, April 25, 1872, and the building dedicated by Pastor Waters, November 28, 1873. It was a two-story brick chapel, 33x55, and cost about $7,000. It was a time of financial distress throughout the land, and Pastor Waters proved himself a fine leader in piloting the mission through its most trying days. When he closed his pastorate, July 1, 1875, he was succeeded by’ Rev. L. H. Geschwind, who served from October 1, 1875, to February 1, 1879. Pastor Geschwind was a good missionary, but he labored under difficult conditions in Christ Church, and could report but 93 members at the time of his resignation. The third pastor was Rev. Jacob S. Lawson, who served from 1879 to 1888. During his pastorate the front part of the Broad street site was sold, and he was severely criticized for the action; but, as a later pastor has said, if this had not been done the fine property on the corner of Margaretta and Beatty streets would never have been secured. As the sunshine ever follows the rain, so a happier day dawned for Christ Church, when Rev. W. A. Passa- vant Jr. was installed by his father as the fourth pastor, July 15, 1888. In less than three months he succeeded in adding forty-six new members to the congregation and gathering $3,000 for the church debt. When he resigned to accept the position of Super- intendent of General Council Home Missions, August 1, 1889, it was accepted with great regret. During the pastorate of Rev. H. J. Kuder that followed, 1889-1891, the mission reached the position of self-support. The longest pastorate in the history of Christ Church was that of Doctor Jacob Lawson Smith, who served from April 2, 1892, to December 1, 1905. Doctor Smith was a hard worker, and received many new members into the church. The church 254 HISTORXM OF THE PITT SBURGHY SYNOD holdings were increased by the purchase of the Winslow property at a cost of $4,500, and a generous fund was accumulated for the erection of a new church. Although Doctor Smith’s retirement from the parish came before the time of his death, it was con- sidered highly fitting that his funeral service could be held in the new Christ Church, for which he had so earnestly labored. ‘This new church became a reality during the pastorate of Rev. Ernest Anton Trabert, who served the congregation from September 1, 1906, to February 1, 1913. With a great faith in God, the congregation purchased the lot on the corner of Mar- garetta and Beatty streets for $14,000, and laid plans for the erection of a great church. Realizing that the times demanded something more than an ordinary structure, Pastor Trabert gave much time to the study of Lutheran architecture, and when the beautiful building was completed and dedicated, May 8, 1910, it was regarded as one of the finest types of church building in the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The total cost was $70,000, but its value was estimated at $150,000 in 1922. Pastor Trabert was assisted in the service of dedication by his father, Doctor G. H. Trabert, and by Pastors J. QO. Waters, J. L. Smith, George J. Gongaware, J. L. Fischer, and William Jentsch. The eighth pastor was Rev. Frank C. Oberly, who served from March 1, 1913, to July 12, 1914. During this short pastorate the church debt was reduced from $32,000 to $26,000. When Rev. John I. Shaud became pastor, April 1, 1915, plans were at once made for the payment of the debt, and the mortgage burning was celebrated with much rejoicing, February 13, 1921. While the congregation was al- ways deeply concerned about the heavy debt, it was never al- lowed to interfere with their synodical obligations. A consecu- tive list of pastors is as follows: Rev. J. O. Waters, 1869-1875 ; Rev. 1. He Geschwind; 71875-1879 Revs [feo lawson 1888; Rev. W. Ay Passavant Jr, 1888-1889; Rev so) shudem 1889-1891; Rev a Jal pomith; Deis S92-)O0 5. evi mae Trabert, 1906- 1913. Revi. -C. Oberly, 1913- 1914; Revell Shaud, 1915- ST PE DER SEN GETS EBV AINGrs by ae RE HRA INGE Toh taco NATRONA, PA. Preliminary work, ees toward the organization of this church, was done by Rev. J. K. Melhorn, who held services in the school house. The organization was effected by Rev. Jona- than Sarver, June 7, 1873, and the constitution then adopted is still the law of the congregation. The health of Pastor Sarver failed in the summer of 1874, and Student G. H. Gerberding HIS TORY*OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 255 assisted in the services. For the next ten years all the preaching was done by supplies, and yet the congregation managed to sur- vive. Occasionally a few members would be added to the con- gregation, but the people knew that they could not expect any- thing like a proper development without a regular pastor. In 1884 Rev. John Welfley became pastor of the Allegheny Valley Mission, living at Springdale and serving mission stations at Springdale, Natrona, Tarentum, and Verona, of which only the first two were organized. Pastor Welfley continued his labors in the valley until the summer of 1889, when he was succeeded by Pastor R. E. McDaniel. The division of the parish was author- ized in 1894, and Rev. J. K. Melhorn took charge of the Tar- entum and Natrona congregations, March 19, 1895. At this time St. Peter’s had but 31 members, and the services were still con- ducted in the school house. Under Pastor Melhorn the con- gregation began to gather strength, and plans were laid for the building of a church. The congregation had existed for twenty- five years without a church, and many thought that they were too weak to build one. Pastor Melhorn thought otherwise, and soon persuaded others to adopt his views. On May 16, 1898, ground having been purchased, application was made for a legal charter. A building committee, consisting of William A. Walter, George D. Claasen, and John A. Walter, was then appointed. The corner stone of a new church was laid, September 25, 1898, and the completed building dedicated, July 23, 1899. It was built of brick, well finished throughout, churchly in its appointments, and cost about $6,000. Pastor Melhorn was a man well ad- vanced in years at the time, and was warmly congratulated by his brother ministers for the achievement. ‘The church was made a separate parish in 1903, and reached the position of self-support under the leadership of Pastor J. W. Myers in 1912. A resi- dence adjoining the church was bought in 1912 for a parsonage at a cost of $3,500. During the pastorate of Rev. John W. Myers, lots were purchased on Natrona Heights, on which a small frame chapel was built for Sunday School and evening services. About one-half of the members of the congregation now live on the heights, and are planning the organization of a separate congregation. A consecutive list of pastorates follows: Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1873-1874; Supplies, 1874-1884; Rev. John Welfley, 1884-1889; Rev. R. E. McDaniel, Ph.D., 1889- 1895; Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1895-1899; Rev. E. O. Graham, 1900- 1903; Rev. E. H. Kohn, 1903-1904; Rev. j. E. Richards, 1904- 1908; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1909-1915; Rev. M. A. Meier, 1915- 1919; Rev. R. R. Durst, 1919-1924; Rev. Adam Boerstler, 1925-. 256 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ST. JOHN’S GERMAN EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH INVARERGOINAGE PAG This congregation was organized in the school building by Rev. M. F. Dethlefs, April 14, 1872. The following persons were present and united with the new organization: Adler, Heinrich Huggi, Mrs. E. Schlicker, Heinrich Bergman, Heinrich Koch, Wilhelm Scholl, Jacob Bollinger, Louis Koedel, Henry Schumm, John Haug, Mrs. Maria Krueger, Michael Steinbach, Albert Heinle, G. Lucas, Christ Urban, Jacob Hoffman, Edward Leukner, Frank Vogele, Mrs. Mary Hofling, Julius Meckel, Joseph Vohr, Johann Holder, John Reinert, August Voight, Frantz Holderman, Martin Roth, Karl Zimmerman, Frantz Schelm, Heinrich The church began its work under bright skies, and pros- pered during the two years in which Pastor Dethlefs served them. After ill health led to his resignation, he was succeeded by four “free preachers”, whose work yielded no fruitage to the church or community. The Pittsburgh Synod gained access to the con- gregation in 1879, and it was then associated with the German Clean of Freeport in a new mission parish. ‘The first mis- sionary under the new order was Rev. C. F. Tiemann, who began his work immediately after ordination. ‘This meant the dawn of a new day for St. John’s Church, and the following statement is found in the report of the missionary superintendent of the synod in 1880: “The brethren at Natrona have organized and adopted a constitution and form of charter for the congregation, and expect to be received into synodical connection at this meet- ing’. ‘This application was made and the congregation formally received. The corner stone of a new church was laid by Pastor Tiemann, September 19, 1880, and the church dedicated, March 27, 1881. This church was a substantial brick edifice, 32x50, and met the needs of the growing congregation for a number of years. At the time of the dedication, the church reported sixty commun- ing members. Pastor Tiemann resigned in May, 1883, and was succeeded in July of the same year by Pastor John George Amschler, who served them throughout his entire ministerial life. Hus first task was the establishment of a parochial school, which was a source of great strength to the church. This school was at first held in the public school building, then in the parsonage, for a short time in a stable, then in 1890 a small frame school house was built on the rear of the church lot. After 23 years of service this school building was replaced by the present parish house. The devoted pastor taught in this parochial school for thirty-five years, when his health failed and he was compelled to give it up. In 1898, an addition was built to the church, and a new altar, pulpit, pipe organ and heating system were installed. The first parsonage was sold in 1903, and a new HISTORY. OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD aa home erected for the pastor at 25 Sycamore street. The entire church was remodeled at a cost of $25,000 in 1920, and re- dedicated by Pastor Amschler to the service of Christ. 5t. John’s now possesses a fine plant, with a communing membership of 210, and well organized auxiliaries. All services are held in the German language. ‘The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. M. F. Dethlefs, 1872-1874; Free pastors, 1874-1879; Rev. C. F. Tiemann, 1880-1883; Rev. T G. Amschler, 1883-1925. Se OLN al V ANGE GICAL AT UL TR aoNeCELUR CEL HOMES LA De PA, This is the oldest Protestant Church of Homestead, and was organized by Pastor J. K. Melhorn in 1874. Eight of the twenty charter members came from Grace Church, South Side. The early development of the congregation was slow, only twenty-two members being reported to the synod in 1879. It was served in connection with Grace Church until 1885, when it was made a separate mission parish. No missionary was available, however, and Pastor Melhorn continued to supply the church every alter- nate Sunday for two more years. Their first church was built of frame on Fourth avenue at a cost of $4,811, and dedicated by Pastor Melhorn, October 11, 1874: In 1887 St. John’s was formed into a new parish with Trinity Church of Braddock, which extended a call to Rev. Elmer F. Krauss, July 3, 1887. The newly organized St. John’s Church of McKeesport was also placed under the care of Pastor Krauss, and the young man had his hands more than full in attempting to minister to three im- portant mission centers at one time. It could not be done, and Pastor Krauss moved to Homestead in January, 1889, and served it as a separate mission parish until January 1, 1893. This ar- rangement made it possible for Homestead to have regular morn- ing services for the first time, and the good results were imme- diately apparent. The services were well attended, and a par- sonage was built on the church ground at a cost of $1,400. At the time of his resignation Pastor Krauss could report 93 com- muning members and a Sunday School of 110 scholars. The mission became self-supporting in 1900 under the leadership of Pastor G. S. Seaman, when 165 communicants were enrolled. The present church was erected during the period of the World War.. Shortly after Pastor FE. L. T. Engers took charge of the parish, September 1, 1915, the plans took definite shape. One of -the best church sites in the city was purchased for $10,600, and the old property sold for $9,000. ‘The new parsonage was erected first, and then the church with which it is connected. ‘The corner stone was laid, July 1, 1917, and the completed church dedicated, 258 HISTORY: OF SEH Ee rrigiobURGH eVuNOD September 14, 1919. Doctor G. Franklin Gehr read the service of dedication, and Doctor Elmer F. Krauss preached the sermon. The church was built of brick and stone at a cost of $50,000, on which a heavy debt of $31,000 remained. The interior is modeled after historic Lutheran ideals, and is one of the most attractive churches of the synod. During the pastorate of Rev. W. J. Sei- berling, there was a strong, healthy development in the life of the congregation, which was able to report a membership of 234 in 1923. A Sunday School is also conducted in Whittaker. The pastors of St. John’s have served in the following order: Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1874-1887; Rev. E. F. Krauss, 1887-1892; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1893-1895; Rev. G. S$. Seaman, 1896-1904; Rev. J. A. Yount, 1904-1906; Rev. G. L. Rankin, 1907-1914; Rev. E. L. T. Engers, 1915-1920; Rev. W. J. Seiberling, 1921- 1925; Rev. C. E. Dozer, 1925-. | MT; ZION DE VANGELICATSALU THE RANGCHULR GEE NORE SIDE SRL SB G Halen For many years it was the desire of the Pittsburgh Synod to establish an Evangelical Lutheran Church in this community, since the greater part of the population was composed of German Protestants and their descendants, but this desire was thwarted by a deplorable lack of pastors. Rev. George H. Gerberding was a child of this community, and frequently preached in a school house during his semin- gE Stes _. *ary, vacations. /Convinced SIC that there was a provi- C OS dential opening here for the: founding, Foi aia. theran congregation, he \([ consulted with some of the pastors of the city, secured the purchase of a half-acre lot on the A Franklin road, and the \s erection of a small frame church. The corner stone of this church: wasmlaid: October 17, 1875, and the building placed ,under roof before winter set in. on m= =e anne The church was not dedi- er eee ean EY cated until December 14, He 1879, when Pastor Ger- berding was assisted by BistTORY,OR IME PIP isBURGHUSYNOD 209 Doctor W. A. Passavant and Rev. Jonathan Sarver. Pastor Gerberding was ordained. by authority of the Pittsburgh Synod, April 19, 1876, and accepted a call to Chartiers. Hus friends in- sisted that he must also take charge of Mt. Zion, and this he was reluctant to do since it was the home of his childhood. Finally, he consented and began regular services. An interesting Sunday School was organized in May, followed by the organization of a congregation of seventeen members on the first Sunday of Octo- ber, 1876. ‘The first constitution was not adopted until April 12 of the following year. The first deacons were H. Gerberding Sr., G. T. Seif, James Walton, and John Ott. Pastor Gerberding re- signed, May 1, 1881, leaving a congregation of 48 members. Mt. . Zion was then associated with St. John’s of Highland in West- view Parish. The next pastor was Rev. Wilbert Pierce Shanor, who began his pastorate, June 1, 1881, and closed it because of a fatal illness, September 1, 1888. Then followed the two-year pastorate of Rev. Frank P. Bossart and one of four years by Rev. Peter Riffer. During the pastorate of Rev. Thomas Shannon Brown, 1895-1909, Mt. Zion was made a separate mission parish and given the full time of the pastor. The congregation then paid $360 and the synod $250 of the pastor’s salary. Under this ar- rangement the congregation grew rapidly in numbers, becoming self-sustaining in 1902. In the Church Record we find this entry in the hand of Pastor Brown: “There has been very little purely Lutheran material available, it being mostly from Protestant Evangelical and Reformed sources. This has given rise to fre- quent clamors for other than Lutheran ways and practices. But the congregation is now firmly established in the use of a churchly literature and worship. There is a large and interest- ing Sunday School using the graded series, an active and zealous Ladies’ Aid Society, and a Luther League both Senior and Junior.” ‘The next pastorate was that of Rev. John Howard Worth, 1909-1915, during which great forward strides were made by the congregation. Pastor Worth saw clearly the handi- cap under which he labored in a mislocated church, and, in the face of not a little opposition, helped the trustees to secure the splendid site at the corner of Waldorf street and Perrysville avenue. Here a beautiful stone church was erected at a cost of $36,000, and dedicated by Pastor Worth, June 21, 1914. Doctor T. O. Keister preached the sermon for the occasion. ‘The next pastor was Rev. Paul Hartzell Krauss, who began his work, September 4, 1915, and did much to build up the strength of the parish. His pastorate was interrupted by the World War, and he was given leave of absence in May, 1918, in order to accept the position of Camp Pastor. He returned in September, only 260 HISTORY: OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD to leave again in December to become Navy Chaplain. His formal resignation became effective, March 1, 1919. During the absence of Pastor Krauss the congregation was supplied by Student William P. Gerberding. Pastor Carl William Becker took charge of the parish, September 19, 1919, coming from the naval transport, Sierra, on which he had been chaplain during the war. During his pastorate many improvements were made in the equipment of the church. ‘Twelve art-glass windows were’ placed in the auditorium, completing the builder’s design; a baptismal font of white marble and a new altar cross were pre- sented as memorials; two fine hymn boards were Christmas . presents of 1920; and the large three-manual pipe organ was installed and dedicated. More than 100 new members were re- ceived into the congregation from January 1, 1920, to January 2, 1921. : 1919; Rev. C. W. Becker, 1919-1923; Rev. G. E. Swoyer, 1923-. MEMORIAL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH NOR PE Co LDR Pi is 2 URC bless pas Until 1871 there was no Protestant Church on East street between North avenue and the rural section far beyond the city line. A union Sunday School was opened by other denomina- tions in the old Reserve Township school house, but it was soon given up. It was then reorganized by Mr. Dummet, a teacher of the public school, under whom it gave promise of success. Pastor G. H. Gerberding then learned of this school, and held occasional services for it on Sunday evenings until 1881. Rev. W. P. Shanor, his successor in West View Parish, followed up his labors, but found the school house unsuitable for his work. ‘This led to a meeting in the home of Jacob Craig, October 11, 1882, when it was decided to make an effort to build a church. Those HISTORY. OF THE PITTSBURGH ‘SYNOD 261 attending this meeting were Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Heckel, Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Stimple, Mr. and Mrs. William Peters, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Craig, David Beitler, Miss Annie Heckel, Miss Carrie Uhle, Miss Louisa Black, and Pastor W. P. Shanor. A rough sketch of the proposed church was presented and approved. The following statement is taken from the Memorial Church Record: “Mr. C. C. Heckel informed the friends that he had purchased a lot, which he would lease to the church building committee for church purposes for six years without any interest, rent or tax, and would sell at the end of that time, or at such time before as the congregation to be organized might desire, the front half of the lot at half the cost of the whole lot. His offer was gratefully accepted”. Mr. Craig continued to serve as treasurer, and Mrs. C. C. Heckel, Mrs. C. A. Stimple and Miss Annie Heckel set out with subscription books, and were quite successful in collecting funds. Ground was broken for the erection of a church in November, 1882, and Thomas Keown began on the carpenter work. The unplastered church was used for the first service, lebruary 4, 1883, when Rev. Henry W. Roth preached in Iinglish and Rev. G. A. Wenzel in German. Communion was administered, March 18, 1883, when twenty-two persons pre- sented themselves for membership. The congregation was regu- ’ laclyoreanized, Aprili9 31383, when C. C:-Eleckel; David Beitler, W. D. Stimple, William Roth, and William Peters were elected as the first church officers. The church was dedicated by Pastor Shanor, November 18, 1883. This one-story church was raised in the summer of 1887, and a basement built beneath for the accommodation of the growing Sunday School. Failing health led to the resignation of Pastor Shanor in 1888, and he was suc- ceeded by Pastor W. J. Finck, who served from 1888 to 1893. After supplying the church for several months, Doctor Edmund Belfour consented to accept a call, and served Memorial from June 1, 1893, to November 1, 1919. ‘This pastor at once began to wear the clerical robe and to observe all the festival seasons of the Church. On April 18, 1901, a two-manual pipe organ, presented by Andrew Carnegie, was dedicated by the pastor. In 1897 and 1902 extensive repairs and improvements were made. A good brick parsonage was erected in 1906 at a cost of $5,000. The pastor moved into this home on October 19, 1906. Doctor G. F. Gehr supplied the congregation for several months after the resignation of Doctor Belfour, accomplishing much in the way of developing the financial strength of the discouraged church. The next regular pastor was Rev. Hugo L. Dressler, who served less than one year, resigning because of sickness in his family. Shortly before he left the parish, the church was rededicated, having been renovated and improved at a cost of $5,500. Another short pastorate was that of Rev. William F. 262 HISTORY) OPSTHESP TES BURGH SYNOD Pfeifer, whose term of service began on November 1, 1921, and closed on August 1, 1923. The development of a strong Brother- hood was the feature of this pastorate. The pastors of Memorial Church have served in the following order: Rev. W. P. Shanor, 1883-1888; Rev. W. J. Finck, 1888-1893; Rev. Edmund Belfour, D:D.} 1893-1919; RevieG: & Gehr,) D:Da\(supply ), Lo Ole Rev. H. L. Dressler, 1920-1921; Rev. W. F. Pfeifer, 1921-1923; Rev. O. E. Bluehdorn, 1924-1925; Rev. W. L. Winner, 1925-. ST. PAUL’S GERMAN EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH TARENTUM, PA. A German Evangelical Church was organized in Tarentum as early as 1854, but this was not satisfactory to the Lutherans, who were organized into St..Paul’s Church by -Pastor =] 9G, Amschler in May, 1886. ‘The following heads of families were represented in the organization: Bartsch, Herman Grimm, Johann Patz, Michael Bauschke, Karl Itchek, Frienrich Rigot, Joseph Beusch, Gustav Jordshak, Christian Stamm, Adam Dromershausen, Louis Kaptina, Johann Wobhleb, Mrs. Louise Dudek, Johann Muecke, Henry Zimmerman, Louis Unger’s and Dunlap’s halls were used for the first services, and the congregation was establshed without mission aid. A new church was built in partnership with Grace Church, which was dedicated, March 3, 1889. The German services on this occasion were conducted by Pastors Amschler and Ziegelmeier at the morning hour. The two congregations used the same place of worship until 1913, when the Germans bought the interest of the English. All the services of this congregation are conducted in German. Pastor Amschler resigned in 1925, leaving a congre- gation of 125 members. EMANUEL’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BELLEVUE, PA. The beginnings of this congregation are readily traced to the missionary spirit of Doctor Passavant. When Manchester was a small town on the banks of the Ohio, separated by woods and meadows from Allegheny City, he secured a lot on Juniata street, and held“it in trust for a future lutheran’ Church) )Ayirame building was secured, with the intention of placing it on this lot and fitting 1t up as a chapel, but this building was wrecked by a storm, and the plans of the missionary were temporarily aband- oned. The ground was sacredly held, however, in the hope that it would some day serve the purpose for which it was given. When Rev. J. O. Waters accepted a call to Chartiers in 1885, he BS loOk Ya ORM LHE CPL TPS BURGH Yay NOD 263 did so with the under- standing that he would be permitted to devote a large part of his time in developing a mission in Manchester. During the fall of that year he made a canvass of the com- munity, and found that there were a number of Lutherans who would welcome an organization. The mission chapel of the United Presbyterians was Secuream asa’ place. (of meeting wat’ a monthly rental of $10. The first service was held there on ittees unidaly’ before Christmas of 1885. Pros- pects seemed bright, and Emanuel’s Church was organized with twenty-one members, July 31, 1886. ‘The constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted, but the first Church Council was not elected until August 16, 1886. The first officers were Rev. J. Q. Waters, pastor; E. A. Brown, Charles Graham and M. L. Durst, deacons ; FE. A. Brown and Claudius B. Durst, trustees. The Sunday School was organized, January 1, 1886, with an enrollment of three teachers and eighteen scholars. ‘The lot secured by Doctor Passavant was then placed at the disposal of the congregation, and plans were laid for the building of a church. ‘The corner stone of this church was laid, May 8, 1887, and the building opened for services, July 31, 1887, when Doctor W. A. Passavant and Rev. J. K. Melhorn preached the sermons. It was a frame building, 32x54, semi-Gothic, with slate roof and stained glass memorial windows. Pastor Waters remained until 1889, when Pastor C. W. Jefferis was installed as his successor. After a pas- torate of three months he resigned, so that little can be said of his work. The next pastor was Rev. William F. Ulery, who took charge of the mission, January 1, 1890, and continued to visit from house to house until the faith and courage of the people were restored. During a pastorate of two years, he added 36 new members to the church and built up a Sunday School of 150 scholars and teachers. The fourth pastor of the church was Rev. Jacob M. Hankey, who was installed, June 12, 1892. Dur- ing his pastorate a large part of the congregation, who preferred a General Synod Church, withdrew and organized Bethel Church 264 HISTORY..OF THE PITTSBURGH YNOD with the full consent of the pastor of Emanuel’s, who accepted a call from the new organization. Bitter feelings at once de- veloped between the two congregations, and also between the two synods concerned. For a time it seemed as if Emanuel’s Church would be completely disorganized, but those who remained loyal to the original constitution rallied under the leadership of Rev. Jonathan Sarver, who, in a short but intensive pastorate of two years, added ninety members to the congregation. The sixth pastor was Rev. Luther D. Reed, 1895-1902, who raised $4,000 of a burdensome debt, added 103 persons to the communing mem- bership, and resigned only because of ill health. Rev. C. K. Fegley, who had supplied the church during the absence of Pastor Reed in search of health, was then elected pastor, and served from 1902 to 1905. A long and distressing vacancy fol- lowed his resignation, during which a number of members with- drew and united with other congregations. A new era dawned with the coming of Pastor B. F. Hankey, March 3, 1907, but the call was accepted: with the understanding that new work should be begun at once in Bellevue. Accordingly, a Sunday School of seventeen scholars was organized in the W. C. T. U. Hall, Lin- coln avenue, March 17, 1907. The first church service was held at the same place on the evening of the same day, which was at- tended by twenty-eight persons. The pastor was installed in Bellevue, and thus the foundations of the new work were laid. The Manchester church building was sold for $7,400; but, before this was accomplished, it was found advisable to effect a tempor- ary organization in Bellevue, and this was done in W. C. T. U. Hall, September 22, 1907, when twenty-two persons entered the organization, adopted a constitution, and elected J. EF. Reed, W. E,. Marlatt, George Gillespie, J. F. Wulfetang, and Henry G. Ruehl as officers. This preliminary organization lasted only until December 19, 1907, when the two congregations were merged. The first Church Council of the merger church consisted of the following: Thomas Keown, Charles A. Bassler, Jacob Stauffer, William Fleming, Louis Acker, J. E. Reed, George Gillespie, and J. F. Wulfetang, deacons; and William Marlatt, Fred T. Roos, and Leander Goody, trustees. The Pitts- burgh Church Extension Society secured a lot for the mission in the early part of 1907 at a cost of $7,250. This society also agreed to loan $2,750 for the building of a church, making a total loan of $10,000. This gave great encouragement, and the contract was let at once to Moore and Ruehl. The corner stone was laid, July 19, 1908, and the church dedicated, February 7, 1909, This church was built of stone, and furnished according to churchly ideals, at a cost of $17,347. Later a pipe organ was installed at a cost of $2,250, and a parsonage secured for $5,800. A stone tower was erected and furnished with a sweet-toned bell Bist ROOF SELB AP LDS BURGE <3 YN OD 265 by Mr. Arnold Stucki in memory of his deceased wife, which was dedicated by Pastor Hankey, March 19, 1922. The property is now conservatively valued at $50,000. When Pastor Hankey began his pastorate he found a discouraged mission of 47 mem- bers; in 1923, after sixteen years of service, he was. able to re- port a church of 336 members, with an outlook second to none of the progressive churches of the synod. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. J. Q. Waters, 1886-1889; Rev. C. WomleticHa oso Revivals Ulery 1890-18025 Revs}: My. Hankey, 1892-1893; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1893-1895; Rev. L. D. Reed, 1895-1902; Rev. C. K. Fegley, 1902-1905; Rev. B. F. Hankey, 1907-. ST. MARK’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. This church traces its beginnings to a Sunday School of seventeen children, which was organized and superintended by W. A. Rhodes in January of 1886. This school was held in Rhodes Hall, corner of East Ohio and Diamond streets, and was independent of any Church. Pastor J. M. Schneider of the Ger- man Evangelical Church then became interested, and organized them into “The First English Evangelical Church of Allegheny”. It was never the purpose of the founders to unite with the Evangelical Synod of North America, however, and when the time came to give consideration to synodical relations, they ad- dressed a letter to Rev. Isaiah Irvine, missionary superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, asking for pas- toral advice and care. In his report for 1889, the missionary superintendent made the following statement concerning the mis- sion: “On January 6, 1889, I preached to a band of worshippers on Third street, Allegheny, known as the First Evangelical hunger Alleshenyewhichs hads beenwservediby Rev). M: Schneider in connection with the Synod of North America. The services of the missionary president were offered them as a sup- ply until arrangements could be made to secure them a regular pastor, on the condition that they unite with the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod. The proposition was accepted, and a constitution adopted on the third day of February, 1889. The offices were filled as required by the constitution, and installed, and thus another Lutheran mission was established with twenty- one members, to which twelve have since been added. A promin- ent feature of the mission is the Sunday School, which numbers two hundred on the roll; besides that it is in a part of the city where the German language prevails among the older people, and where the children usually incline to English services”. During 266 His TORY ORTH MaRS UR Gries NIC) L) the winter of 1888-1889, the congregation was furnished with supplies by the missionary superintendent, and increased to a membership of forty-six. The first regular pastor of St. Mark’s was Rev. C. B. King, who served them from July 1, 1890, to December 31, 1898. With characteristic business sense, Pastor King first saw to it that the congregation was legally incorporated, then a lot on the corner of North avenue and Middle street was bought for $6,200, on which a brick church was built at a cost of $9,100. This church was dedicated by the pastor, September 18, 1892, and fully paid for within two years. It has been claimed that not more than $1,500 of this was collected from members of St. Mark’s. Under the leadership of W. J. Patrick the Sunday School was increased to more than three hundred. In those days Mrs. C. B. King re- vealed her powers as a Sunday School worker, and many of the older members of the congregation can yet recall her instruction. After receiving mission aid for eight years the congregation was declared self-sustaining. The next pastor was Rev. H. S. Gil- bert, who served from February 12, 1899, to June 30, 1901. While this pastor possessed many of the qualities of a successful missionary, he soon created a division in the congregation which compelled his resignation. His opposition to St. Mark’s continued long after his resignation, and he assisted in the organization of a rival congregation, which was later absorbed by Spring Garden Church. In this unfortunate experience the congregation re- ceived a blow from which it was long years in recovering. ‘The task of repairing the broken ranks was entrusted to Pastor Eli Miller, who rendered faithful service from 1901 to 1907. For many years the work of the church was continued under dis- couraging conditions. In recent years Pastor Theodore George Shuey has added many new members by the use of theatre meet- ings and open air services in the parks. ‘The confirmed member- ship in 1923 was 423, and 215 were enrolled in the Sunday School. The pastors of St. Mark’s have been the following: Rev. Isaiah Irvine (supply), 1889-1890; Rev. C. B. King, 1890- 1898; Rev. H. S. Gilbert, 1899-1901; Rev. Eli Miller, 1901-1907 ; Rev. Charles®Leonard 1907-191 ls) RevAiiwieG. sDunlap, Lol 1912; Rev. M. A. Spotts, 1912-1914; Rev. H. A. Rinard, 1915- 1918; Rev. T. G. Shuey, 1918-. GRACE EVANGEULICAT, LUTHERAN GHURGH TARENTUM, PA. In the spring of 1859 Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld was engaged to preach in Tarentum and neighboring points with a view to or- ganizing the scattered Lutherans into a congregation. It was Hila hOKYVOR Stik PIPTSBURGHASYNOD 267 high time for such work, for the Presbyterians had been on the ground since 1835, and the Methodists since 1810, moulding the religious sentiment of the valley and making it increasingly difficult for Lutheranism to secure a foothold. After preaching for nearly a year, Pastor Ehrenfeld organized a Lu- theran congregation in the German Evangelical Church, February 17, 1860, with the following members : Bigley, Philip Huff, Eliza Remaley, James Bortner, Jacob Huff, Rachel Shoop, George, Sr. Bortner, Martha Itellar, Conrad Shoop, Mary Bortner, Mary Kuhn, Jesse Shoop, Michael Daily, Diana Kuhn, Magdalena Shoop, Sarah J. Ehrenfeld, Rev. A. C. Myers, Mrs. Elmira Shoop, George, Jr. Ehrenfeld, Maria E. Myers, Elmira Shoop, Mary Ehrenfeld, Mary Jane Negley, John Smith, William Fry, Anna Rebecca Negley, Regina Smith, Barbara Hairis, William Orris, John Wilson, William Harris, Susan Orris, Elizabeth Wilson, Julia Huff, Isaac Park, Catherine Wilson Mary Ann Their place of worship was an old school house, which was purchased and fitted up at a cost of $100, and dedicated by Pastor Ehrenfeld on May 13, 1860. . Pastor Ehrenfeld resigned, December 1, 1861, and was succeeded by Pastor P. G. Bell, April 1, 1862. Encouraging progress was made, so that the congrega- tion became self-sustaining in 1863. Then a nasty scandal of some sort arose, which led to the disbandment of the congrega- tion. Some of the members united with the German Church of Natrona, others founded St. Mark’s Church of Springdale, but many were lost to the Lutheran Church. It was a blow from which Lutheranism has only recovered in recent years. Nothing was done in the way of reorgant- zation for about twenty- Dice yc ondethens Seta ee tO erelatem= the General Council and the General Synod tried to do something at the same time. When Rev. Na- thaniel Scheffer became pastor of Saxonburg Par- ish in 1885, he learned that some of his people had removed to ‘Taren- tum and were anxious for the establishment of a Lutheran Church. He made his first visit to Tarentume earch: 1 268 HISTORY) OF LAHEsSPITTSBURGH SYNOD 1886, and made arrangements for a service in Staley’s Hall three weeks later. On the afternoon before this service, the people were obliged to give the place a thorough cleaning before they could use it. The same procedure was necessary in advance ot every service held in that room. Pastor Scheffer was assisted in this pioneer work by Pastor H. K. Shanor of Freeport, neither of the young men asking or desiring any recompense. The long drive over mud roads from Saxonburg at certain times entailed more or less hardship, and Pastor Scheffer merited the thanks of the synod. Pastor Luther M. Kuhns then undertook to estab- lish a General Synod congregation and serve it in connection with Freeport. He succeeded in organizing a congregation, August 20, 1886, but a strong protest was raised, and the Board of Home Missions of the General Synod withdrew their missionary, Jan- uary 1, 1887, and the mission then disbanded. The organization of Grace Church was effected by Pastor Scheffer, July 11, 1886, when the following persons were enrolled: Atkinson, John W. Hensel, George and Sophia Schaeffer, L. Ann Atkinson, Margaret Hershberger, Belle Shearer, EF. J. Beatty, Maggie F. Hershberger, Anne Shearer, K. Ann Blot Klingensmith, Nicholas Shoop, George A. Biotiwelizziems: Schaeffer, Jackson Shoop, Lizzie M. The constitution adopted at that time is a document of such excellence that it remains in force unamended to the present day. The earliest congregational minutes are dated, July 25, 1886, when the following officers were elected: George A. Shoop, Henderson Elliott, Jackson Schaeffer, and Samuel Shearer. The first communion service was held, August 22, 1886, when twelve members and two visitors communed. A church was built in partnership with the Germans, which was dedicated, March 3, 1889, a German service being held in the morning, an English service in the afternoon, and a union service of the two congre- gations in the evening. The first resident pastor was Rev. Reuben E. McDaniel, who served from April 28, 1889, to Sep- tember 30, 1894. The records of his pastorate were beautifully kept, a model of exactness for his successors. This pastorate closed under conditions, which the historian finds hard to relate in fairness to all parties concerned. A considerable portion of the congregation became dissatisfied with his services, and threatened to form a General Synod Church or unite with other denominations. Pastor McDaniel refused to resign for reasons that seemed good to him as well as many others; the threat of the opposition was carried out; and twenty-three members of Grace withdrew and helped to organize Trinity Church. Pastor McDaniel’s successor was Pastor J. K. Melhorn, 1895-1900, whose strong leadership brought order out of confusion and re- established the work of the congregation. On October 12, 1913, the congregation sold its rights in the frame church to the Ger- PlolLORY, OP Toi PIP SpURGH <5 VY NOD 269 man Church for $3,000. A new site, corner of East Ninth avenue and Summit Way, was then secured. Here the corner stone of a new church was laid, July 19, 1914, and the completed building dedicated by Pastor C. A. Dennig, December 8, 1914. It was built of brick and stone at a cost of $14,000, and is a model of neatness and churchly art. ‘The basement was equipped for social and educational work. ‘The parish reached the posi- tion of self-support, February 1, 1926. The Common Service Book is used, and a vested choir leads the worship of the congregation. The pastors of Grace have served in the following order: Rev. Nathanael Scheffer, 1886-1888; Rev. R. E. McDaniel, 1889-1894 ; Rey. J. K. Melhorn, 1895-1900; Rev. E. O. Graham, 1901-1908; Rev. J. D. Roth, 1908-1911; Rev. J. L. Fischer (supply), 1911- 1913; Rev. C. A. Dennig, 1913-1915; Rev. G. L. Weibel, 1917- Wiceukev Lo Wa Rupp lols BETHANY EVANGELICAT LUTHERAN CHURCH BANOO Ke AAs Bethany Church is a product of the merger established by the decree of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, May 18, 1921, uniting First Church and Trinity Church as one corporation. ‘The history of the two merging churches, how- ever, covers a period of more than thirty-three years, during which they preserved a separate existence. Members of the Lutheran Church drifted into Braddock from the time of the founding of the Edgar Thompson Steel Works at Bessemer, but not in such numbers as to warrant the organization of a church until 1886. Prior to that time the field was canvassed by pastors of the General Council, but they were disappointed with the re- sults. The chief credit for the first organization is generally given to the families of Jacob Hoffman and George Day. Mr. Hoffman appealed to the Southern Conference of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, which requested the missionary superintendent to visit the field. Rev. Irvine accepted the invi- tation, rented a hall for services, interested a number of families, and organized a congregation of eighteen members, August 15, 1886. Two weeks later he presented a constitution for the ‘First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Braddock’’, which was adopted and signed by twelve of the eighteen founders. These did not represent the full strength of the mission, since there were a number of others ready to unite with the new congrega- tion as soon as they could secure letters. The people were en- thusiastic for the new venture, believing that it would be but a short time until they would grow into a strong congregation. But they learned that their unity was more apparent than real on the 270 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD day of their first communion service. One of the members arose and moved that the church unite with the Pittsburgh Synod then connected with the General Council. This motion was ruled out of order on the ground that it required a change of constitution and legal advance notice. This ruling caused the meeting to break up in confusion, and led to the organization of Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church of Braddock, February 8, 1887, with the following members : Carson G. E. Livinston, Sadie Weil, J. Lewis Carson, Nervis Swem, John B. Weil, Louisa Emmert, P. F. Swem, Caroline Weil, Gottlieb Emmert, Alice Swem, Charles E. Weil, Maggie Houtz, Jesse Swem, Julia R. Wolford, Jacob Houtz, Lizzie Thompson, J. E. and May Wolford, S. E. Of these nineteen charter members of Trinity, special men- tion is due John B. Swem, who conducted a Sunday School in his home for a long time, and then served as the superintendent of the church school until the day of his death, April 10, 1900. The first pastor of Trinity Church was Rev. Elmer F. Krauss, who served a large mission field, consisting of Homestead, Mc- Keesport, and Braddock, July 3, 1887, to January 1, 1889, when the parish was divided and the pastor assigned to Homestead. The First English Church remained under the pastoral care of Rev. Isaiah Irvine, who effected a complete reorganization of the congregation, December 5, 1886. Rev. Luther M. Kuhns: was commissioned by the Board of Home Missions of the General Synod as the first regular pastor, January 1, 1887. To guard against “future panics” a charter was secured, June 27, 1887. The petition for this charter was signed by the following mem- bers of the congregation: Day Gan Wie Ce Gustkey, L. E Marks, Wilson Day, Mrs. Clara Hoffman, J. A. Ormsa oo he Elder, H. J. Hoffman, L. G. Rotter eAcmen Gustkey, Edward Loutzenhizer, W. M. Steiner, M. A. Grubbs, M. B. Loutzenhizer, M. E. Steiner, D. D. The officers of First Church at this time were George W. C. Day, Jacob Hoffman, D. D. Steiner, and Wilson Marks. The natural antagonism between the two churches was shared by their respective synods. A protest was sent to the General Synod Mission Board, claiming the field as General Council ter- ritory; and that board was on the point of withdrawing their missionary, when the local General Synod men raised such a storm of counter protest that missionary aid was continued. First Church was supported by the General Synod Board from 1887 to 1892, when it assumed self-support in order to secure a sep- aration from Mount Carmel Church of upper Turtle Creek. This action was premature, however, and it was once more re- ceived as a mission from 1894 to 1901. Trinity Church was a mission of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Council, 1887- HISTLORYeOr Li BvELUTSBURGHESYNOD 271 1918, when Pastor S$. K. Herbster brought it to the position of self-support. during the pre-merger years: GENERAL COUNCIL LINE melcaianeltviner (sttpply) sa 1886-1887 The following pastors served the two churches GENERAL SYNOD LINE Reve ai imeny haw itatiss tse ee 1887-1889 Reve Wuther eM Kuhns sh .n. 1887-1888 Revert hen Dinste(Suppliy)rete. nee 1889-1890 Rev. Charles Reinewald .........8.... 1888-1892 iar Seana! Ak AD om ee 1890-1891 Revere Liueopanclered. poe cee ks 1893-1893 SupplicSs mics, oat une nie cet, Leen 1891-1900 Reviemulant yor lee wy abretn ee eee. 1893-1895 Reyes pnest ace Lraber tees ae 1900-1902 Revar tase Derrickpaue* =enn 1895-1898 Revers Walliam* Bam bauet mse. one 1902-1909 Reveee Williaa Buches se on 1898-1909 Rev. William A. Zundel ......000.000.... 1909-1913 Gwe beet lormiesa Dell arcane 1910-1914 Rexeoantuctehe ellenbster asses 1913-1900 Reva ii-vinen eS Leli see een 1915-1923 Rev. D. M. Kemerer (supply)........ 1920-1921 It will be noted from the above record that Trinity Church was served by supply pastors from 1891 to 1900. This was due to serious troubles that arose during the pastorate of Rev. S. R. Elson, which almost destroyed the congregation. But for the fact that a valuable lot had been secured for the church at an early day, it is quite probable that the mission would have been abandoned. ‘This lot was bought for $1,500 in 1888, when $500 of the purchase price was paid by members and friends of the mission. ‘Iwo years later, by the aid of generous friends, the balance was paid. At the time of the merger this ground with its improvements was valued at $18,800. In 1898 the synod de- termined to help Trinity by assisting in the erection of a chapel. This chapel was erected at a cost of $1,700, and the plans were published in the minutes of the Pittsburgh Synod for the guid- ance of mission churches. This chapel was dedicated by Doctor Edmund Belfour, July 9, 1899. Through the efforts of Rev. John Welfley, a member of the congregation, a pipe organ was secured from Andrew Carnegie, which is now in use in Bethany Church. During the pastorate of Rev. W. A. Zundel a parson- age was erected on the rear of the church lot at a cost of $4,000. First Church was not so fortunate in the selection of a building site. [wo sites were considered: one on Fifth street at $1,500, and the other on Fourth street at $2,000. The latter was much the better site, but the cheaper lot was chosen. The church was built by Mr. Steiner, and the basement occupied for the first time, April 13, 1890. The completed church was dedicated by Pastor Charles Reinewald, June 15, 1890. This church was built of frame at a cost of $4,500. After the merger of the two Pitts- burgh Synods, November 18, 1919,*the two Braddock congrega- tions began to discuss the possibilities of merger. The difficul- ties in the way, created by many years of antagonism, were great but not insurmountable. A series of “Merger Propositions”’ were submitted by the president of synod, and finally agreed to by both congregations, only a few minor changes being made by First Church. ‘These amended propositions called for a com- 272 HISTORY OFC E Persp URGH > LINO mittee on ways and means, consisting of six members from each congregation. ‘The representatives of First Church were H. 5S. Leighton, H. G. Means, Albert Liston, EF. A. Getz, John Lowry, and Walter Bradley. The representatives of Trinity were Wil- liam ae Koehler, W. C. Koehler, Charles Wahlberg, Fred C. C. Heyl, F. W. Koehler, and Andrew Ballent, The joint-committee held lac meetings before they were able to come to an agree- ment. While there was general unanimity of opinion as to the desirableness of a merger, both parties soon learned that mutual concessions were necessary in order to effect that merger. ‘The use of the Common Service Book was readily agreed to, but the method of administering the sacrament of the altar caused much difficulty. Conferences were continued, however, until an agree- ment was reached; and Robbin B. Wolf was retained as the at- torney to secure the order of court that would unite the two con- gregations as one. The decree was signed, May 18, 1921, and from th'at day Bethany Church dates her birth. The first meet- ing of the united congregations was held in First Church, June 5, 1921, when the work of the committee on ways and means was approved, and its members were duly elected to serve as the first council of Bethany Church. The constitution and by-laws rec- ommended by the United Lutheran Church were adopted, with a few minor changes to suit local needs. Rev. C. H. Stein was elected and installed as the first pastor of Bethany, and served the congregation until August 1, 1923. His successor was Rev. Jebel Harman, who began his work, October 15, 1923. Shortly before the work of the committee on ways and means had been completed, the trustees of First Church were authorized to pur- chase the property on the corner of Fourth and Mill streets, 101x140, at a cost of $18,000. A large brick duplex house lo- cated on this property was occupied by the pastor. The total net assets of the two congregations on entering the merger were $38,748; and the total membership was classified as follows: communing, 385; confirmed, 455; baptized, 660. ST. JOHN’S GERMAN: EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH McKEBSsROCK S RAZ This congregation was organized by Pastor C. F. Bohnen of New Castle, January 9, 1885, On December 5 of the same year, two lots on Chartiers avenue were bought from Philip Stein- mueller as a church site. Mr. Steinmueller was the first delegate of the congregation to the Pittsburgh Synod, in 1886, and made an appeal on behalf of the new church that was answered by the formation of a new mission parish, consisting of Greenoch and McKees Rocks, and the commissioning of Pastor F. L,. Dietrich as the first missionary. The church was admitted to the synod HISTORY- OF VPHE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD 273 at the same meeting. Shortly after the installation of Pastor Dietrich, May 22, 1887, the congregation decided to build a church. ‘The corner stone was laid, September 25, and the church dedicated, December 18, 1887, when Pastor Dietrich was assisted by Rev. D. M. Kemerer. At this time the congregation num- bered only thirty-seven members. Many German families were moving into the community, but the pastor found it hard to in- terest them in the establishment of the church. Pastor Dietrich was then a man well advanced in years, but worked so faithfully that the congregation became self-sustaining in 1892. When he resigned, September 18, 1893, he was succeeded by Rev. Johannes Schubert, whose short pastorate, October 1, 1893, to July 8, 1894, was marked by an endeavor to force the congregation to unite with the Missouri Synod. Of the twenty-seven families then connected with the parish, sixteen voted to go with the pastor and eleven remained loyal to the constitution and the Pittsburgh Synod. Two weeks later, Pastor John H. Tarnedde preached his first sermon to the loyalists, who furnished a faithful nucleus around which he was able to build up a strong congregation. A Ladies’ Aid Society was organized, October 18, 1894, and these willing women have done much to encourage the pastor in his work. Chartiers avenue was widened in 1896, and it then be- came necessary for the congregation to raise and move the church at a cost of $1,000. A parsonage was built in the rear of the church in 1900 at a cost of $3,000, in order to prepare the way to self-support. In 1907 the debt was fully paid, and five years later a building fund was started, which made possible the erection of a good brick church at a cost of $65,000, which was dedicated by Pastor Tarnedde, January 24, 1926. ‘This congre- gation is associated with the German Church of McDonald. ST. JOHN’S ENGLISH EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH McKEESPORT, PA. The necessity of establishing an English mission in this growing town was discussed by General Council leaders as early as 1883. The missionary superintendent spent much time in the winter of 1884-1885 hunting up the Lutherans and trying to in- terest them in the founding of a church. Services were held in a rented hall every four weeks for a period of eight months, but the results did not seem to warrant an organization. Nothing further was done until February of 1887, when Rev. J. C. Kunz- mann canvassed the town and found twenty-five Lutherans ready to enter a mission. A temporary organization was effected by Rev. W. A. Passavant Jr., August 14, 1887, under the name of St. John’s English Evangelical Lutheran Church. ‘Thirty persons 274 HISTORY .OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD entered this organization. ‘The first regular pastor was Rev. Elmer F. Krauss, whose term of service extended from July l, 1887, to June 20, 1889. He attempted to serve Homestead, Brad- dock, and McKeesport at the same time, and found it impossible to do justice to any of the three under those conditions. After his resignation the mission was allowed the full time of a pastor. ‘The population of McKeesport was fully 20,000 at that time, and the full time of a pastor was needed to place the con- geregation on equal footing with other well established churches. Pastor J. C. F. Rupp began his labors, March 1, 1890, under the handicap of a dismal place of worship, but soon gained the confi- dence of the people and interested them in the important task of building a church. A lot on the corner of Ninth avenue and Locust street was bought from the city for $6,300, which meant the assuming of a heavy debt by a small company of people, yet it was decided to go ahead with the erection of a suitable chapel. The corner stone was laid by Pastor Rupp, August 16, 1891, and the diverse elements of the new congregation were welded to- gether by a common interest. This interest was shown by the fact that $3,800 was paid on the lot while the chapel was being erected. It was built of brick and stone at a cost of $5,000, and was dedicated, February 21, 1892. Although an indebtedness of $7,800 now rested upon the mission, it was gradually reduced until April 25, 1910, when the mortgage was fully paid. A fine brick parsonage was erected on Locust street in 1910 at a cost of $5,000. After May 25, 1918, when the last of the parsonage debt was paid, the congregation began to gather a building fund, with which the church was thoroughly renovated in 1925. From hum- ble beginnings, through trials many and severe, St. John’s has steadily increased her forces until there are now more than 400 communing members who pledge their faith at her altar. A number of strong auxiliaries are working together to advance the highest interests of the congregation. The pastors of St. John’s have served in the following order: Rev. EF. F. Krauss, 1887-1889 ; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1890-1894; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1894- 1896; Rev. S. M. Mountz, 1897-1900; Rev. J. J. Brubeck, 1901- 1904; Rev..L. ©. Benze, 1905-1909; Rev. J. F. Heckert, 19102 FIRST ENGLISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURGE SAR PS BURG RAG Sharpsburg is one of the old towns of the Allegheny Valley, having large business interests as early as 1842. There were Germans living in this community at an early day, but no effort was made to gather them into a congregation until April 22, Hint ORVLOF hinkt Pil ESBURGH SYNOD 2/5 1863, when Pastor M. F. Dethlefs organized the First German Evangelical Lutheran Church. Most of these families were former members of the German Evangelical Church of Etna. This congregation is now connected with the Missouri Synod. A second German congregation was organized in November, 1888, under the name St. John’s Evangelical Lu- theran Church. This church was independent for a number of years, but finally affiliated with the Synod of North America. In 1887 an appeal was received by the Pittsburgh Synod of the Gen- eral Synod, asking that an English congregation be established. The result was that they were visited by Rev. Isaiah Irvine, who organized the First English Lutheran Church on June 26, 1887, with the following members: Bellman, George Keil, Jacob, Sr. Moore, Kate F. Cook a)eaS: Keil, Mrs. Dora H. Moore, Susan Cook, Mrs. Annie C. Krause, Balser Riley, W. W. CrickswmG sac: Kuhns, Carrie Riley, Mrs. Mary Cricks, Mollie Meyer, Mrs. Elizabeth Stilz, Augustus J. Dethlefs, M. F. Moore, G. H. Stilz, Wilhelmina Emrick, Lizzie Moore, S. E. Weckbecker, William The Sunday School was organized at the same time, and in- creased to more than one hundred scholars within a short time. Services were held in a rented hall by supplies, but the field was so ripe that the mission grew and prospered. A corner lot on North Main street was purchased for $2,500 in the spring of 1888, and a modest chapel built for $1,768. This chapel was dedicated by Rev. Isaiah Irvine and Doctor J. G. Goettman, September 1, 1888. The first regular pastor was Rev. H. F. Long, who served from November 25, 1888, to December 7, 1890. His successor was Rey. Silas Davis Daugherty, who brought the mission to self-support, June 2, 1892. The parsonage on Linden avenue was secured at a cost of $4,650 in 1893. During the pas- torate of Rev. J. H. Main, an attempt was made to bring about a merger of this congregation with that of St. John’s; but the more conservative Germans of St. John’s were not satisfied, and the effort failed. When the pastorate of Rev. T. L. Crouse began there was still some talk of such a merger; but, when it became apparent that it could not be effected without considerable oppo- sition, First Church proceeded to the task of building a better house of worship for themselves. It was decided to rebuild on the old site, but to elevate the building sufficiently to guard against high waters. The corner stone was laid, October 24, 1909, and the completed church dedicated by Pastor Crouse, May 1,1910. It was built of brick and stone at a cost of $22,000, and was well finished throughout. A two-manual pipe organ was in- stalled at a cost of $3,200, and dedicated on Sunday, September 26, 1920. Many changes have occurred in the population of this community during the last twenty years, but First Church still 276 HISTORY Oh Ept ht DiS BGRGH SYNOD has an enrollment of 260 faithful members and is doing a great work in the community. A feature of this work for the last five years has been the vacation Bible school. This congregation has been the pioneer of this work in the Pittsburgh Synod. It began in a humble way, but has increased in efficiency every year until it now enrolls as many as three hundred children during a term. The following is a list of the pastorates: Rev. H. F. Long, 1888- 1890; Rev. S. D. Daugherty, 1891-1896; Rev. I. P. Zimmerman, 1896- 1898 : Rev. S. J. McDowell, 1898- 1900; Rev tries Berkey, 1901-1903; Rev. J. H. Main, 1903- 1906 ; Rev. T. L. Crouse, 1906- 1925. Re DeGeBurnite, 1925-. GRACH BVANCGEIICADSGU TELE LUA NS Gi GiGi SPRING GARDEN, PITTSBURGH (Pac The beginnings of Grace Church are found in a little mission school established by the Presbyterians in 1871, and conducted by them for sixteen years. ‘The number of Lutherans in the valley attracted the at- téntion) obsiRev aay eee Shanor, missionary su- perintendent of the Pitts- burgh Synod, and _ his services: tT h.en-earoused such an interest that the Presbyterians gladly sur- rendered the field. The entire equipment of this school, including a fund of $60, was turned over to the new workers. Pas- tor W. J.. Finck took charge of the mission, July. 3, 1887; sand} mwas able to organize a con- gregation of 33 members, March 25, 1888. After a charter had been secur- ed, the congregation was formally admitted to the synod, August 25, 1888. Pastor Finck’s ministry was greatly appreciated by the people of the valley, but he resigned on September 1, 1890. _His successor was Rev. J. H. Delo, whose pastorate lasted only a few months be- cause of ill health. The next pastorate was that of Rev. J. J. Brubeck, 1895-1901, during which the Church Extension Society of Pittsburgh bought a lot for them at a cost of $5,000, and en- couraged them to build. The corner stone was laid, November Ly 1896, and the church dedicated, January 31, 1897. It was built HISTORY, OF :THE; PITTSBURGH SYNOD 277 of frame at a cost of $4,500, and the liberality of the members was such that a debt of only $700 was incurred. The next pastor was Rev. E. H. Daugherty, whose pastorate was also shortened by ill health. In the summer of 1901, a merger of Grace and St. James was effected, and the united congregations were able to declare themselves self-sustaining. Rev. G. Irving Lenker be- came pastor in November of 1901, and the opening years of his pastorate were full of promise; then sickness once more laid a heavy hand upon the Spring Garden pastor, and the work of the church declined until only 125 members were enrolled. He tendered his resignation, October 20, 1908, and removed to the South in the hope of recovering his strength. In its weakened condition the church once more appealed to the synod for aid, and was re-enrolled as a mission. The coming of Rev. G. E. Swoyer to Spring Garden Valley, January 19, 1919, meant much to the development of the field. During the first two years of his pastorate, such large numbers of new members were added to the church that self-support was once more assumed, May 1, 1920. Much of the debt was paid, and a fine location for a new church and neighborhood house secured at a cost of $6,500. In 1914 the Women’s Missionary Society of the Pittsburgh Synod (General Council) began social settlement work in the valley, and rented a building that was called the “Spring Garden Neighborhood House”. A deaconess was placed in charge of the work, and the entire community was soon made to feel the spiritual uplift. Hundreds of devoted Lutheran women became interested in its work, and it was placed under the management of the “Spring Garden Board” in June, 1920. This Board was composed of nine members, three of whom were elected by the synod, three by the Women’s Mission- ary Society, and three by Grace Church. A campaign for funds was conducted throughout the synod in 1921, but the results were disappointing. Grace Church is now one of the best organ- ized congregations of the synod. Many workers prove their faith by their works, and the parish is a beehive of Christian activity. Miss Leila Fuhrmann was a settlement worker for several years, and she was succeeded by Miss Schultz in 1924. The Junior Lu- ther League has long held first place among the Juniors of the Lutheran Church. An annex to the church, built at a cost of $3,000, was dedicated by Pastor Muller, June 24, 1924. The pas- torates were as follows: Rev. W. J. Finck, 1888-1890; Rev. J. H. Delo, 1891-1892; Rev. J. QO. Waters (supply), 1892-1893; Rev. J. J. Brubeck, 1895-1901; Rev. E. H. Daugherty, 1901; Rev. G. I. Lenker, 1901-1908; Rev. W. FE. Bauer, 1909-1910; Rev. S. K. Herbster, 1910-1912; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1914-1918; Rev G. E. Swoyer, 1919-1923; Rev. G. J. Muller, 1924-. 278 HISTORY “OP SUE Ese EVE SBU kG iim Ss yuNiGi) BETHANY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. Early in January, 1888, East Liberty was canvassed by the missionary superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod, Rev. Isaiah Irvine. With the assistance of Doctor John G. Goettman, he or- ganized Bethany Church with thirty-three members, January 29, 1888. The following covenant was entered into by the charter members: “In reliance upon the grace of God, and for the glory of His name, we, the undersigned, believing the doctrines of the Evangelical Lu- theran Church, and with the purpose of constituting a Christian con- gregation in East End, Pittsburgh, County of Allegheny, State of Penn- sydvania, in harmony with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in doctrine and worship, do herewith subscribe our names’’: Beighley, Emanuel Guepner, Regina Johnston, Mrs. Jane Beighiey, M. M. Guepner, Nealy ‘ Lawson, Kate V. Blyholder, Mrs. S. M. Haney, Jacob Lawson, Felicia H. Calpe We Harrison, Mrs. M. E. Murphy, Sarah Culp, Mrs. C. W. Baltya Gee We Obitz, Andrew Everett, Mrs. Hilty, Daniel Obitz, Margaret German Cw leer: Hilty, Mary Reamer, Mrs. Jennie H. German, J. W. Householder, Frederick Shotts, A. A. Graff, John C. Householder, Mrs. LL. Shivers, “ADs IRL Graff, Mrs. Elizabeth Hugus, E.R: Street, Mrs. Guepner, Mrs. H. Hugus, Mrs. F. Watt, Mrs. Margaret The first church officers were Daniel Hilty, Emanuel Beigh- ley, Frederick Householder, Abner A. Shotts, Jacob Haney, and James W. German. The constitution recommended by the Home Mission Board of the General Synod was adopted, but this gave place to another, July 11, 1894. The congregation worshipped in Smith’s Hall on Center avenue, near South Hiland, until their first church sya dedicated "Fle seitigmess regular pastor was Rev. George L, Hamm) “who began his work, July 1, 1888, and served _ for three years. The church let Son, the rcorneniye: North Hiland avenue and Kirkwood street was bought for $6,000 in 1888. In order to secure ' this a loan of $1,000 was obtained from the Board of Church Extension, but this was the only aid HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 279 that the boards of the Church were required to give for the es- tablishment of this congregation. On the rear of the church lot, fronting on Kirkwood street, was a small brick house that was used as a parsonage for several years. A neat frame chapel was erected on the front part of the lot at a cost of $2,000, which was dedicated debt free, January 5, 1890. The second pastor of Bethany was Rev. John Weidley, who preached his first sermon to forty persons, July 5, 1891. Few men have ever been more warmly admired in western Pennsylvania than Pastor John Weidley, and the congregation steadily increased under his min- istry into a strong organization of 579 members. At a congre- gational meeting, July 11, 1894, a building committee was ap- pointed, consisting of William Pore, H. A. Guepner, and Fred- erick Householder, who supervised the erection of a new stone church. It is said that William Pore was never absent from the work for a day. The winter was very unfavorable to building, so that the work was delayed, but the first service was held in the Sunday School room, Wednesday evening, May 8, 1895. Five days later workmen began tearing down the frame chapel, which had been permitted to stand while the stone chapel was being erected. The corner stone of the new church was laid, June 23, 1895, when Rev. A. J. Bean delivered the address. The church was dedicated by Pastor Weidley, October 20, 1895, during the convention of the Pittsburgh Synod, the sermon being preached by Doctor H. L. Baugher. The building was constructed of stone, Romanesque in style, at a cost of $35,500. It had two apartments, 60x53 and 57x40, each with a seating capacity of five hundred. The basement was equipped for social work. A mortgage of $23,000 was placed on the property, which was re- deemed by the personal gift of William Pore, December 31, 1902. After twenty-nine years of devoted service in Bethany, during fourteen of which he held the position of honorary elder, Mr. Pore was suddenly called to his reward, November 21, 1919. Two days before his death he had taken an interested part in the merger convention of the Pittsburgh Synod. A strong and courageous leader, loyal to his ideals and friendships, devoted to the highest interests of his Church, a grateful congregation will ever revere his memory. In the summer of 1901, the church was renovated at considerable cost under the supervision of William Pore, and reopened for service, September 8, 1901. . The As- sembly Hall was fitted up as a place of meeting for the Brother- hood in 1902. Doctor Weidley closed his pastorate in Bethany, March 1, 1906, and was succeeded by Doctor George W. Englar, October 1, 1906. ‘The success of Doctor Englar’s pastorate is attested by its fruits. From 1907 to 1923 he reported 271 infant baptisms, 897 adult accessions, $48,484 given to benevolence, and $209,110 contributed for all objects. Notable improvements 280 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD were made in 1905 at a cost of $11,000, including the installation of amarble altar. Other improvements were made in 1912, 1918, 1921, and 1924, the last named including a renovation of the basement at a cost of $30,480. The value of the fine property is now estimated at $200,000. Bethany Church is known through- out the synod as one of the most hospitable of churches. Many notable conventions, including the 42nd convention of the Gen- eral Synod, have been held here. Fifty of the young men of the congregation were enlisted in the World War, and a bronze tablet was dedicated to their honor in 1919. The pastors of Bethany have served in the following order: Rev. G. L. Hamm, Ph.D., 1888-1891; Rev. John Weidley, D.D., 1891-1906; Rev. G. M. Heindel, D.D. (supply), 1906; Rev. G. W. Englar, D.D., 1906-. MT. ZION ENGLISH EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH FORTY-FOURT HSS REE oP Ll TS BURGH ras What was known in earlier years as the Lawrenceville Fivangelical Lutheran Church was organized by Rev. Isaiah Irvine, March 18, 1888, in Arsenal Bank Hall, corner of Forty- Third and Butler streets, Pittsburgh. The original members numbered twenty-three, and the first church officers were Doctor Blyholder, G. H. Schauwecker, H. A. Grupen, H. C. Johnston, Fred Hagle, and Jacob Regelman. The constitution recommend- ed by the General Synod was adopted. Rev. B. E. Shaner sup- plied the mission during the summer, which was able to report 52 com- muning members and a Sunday, ;s5choole-d1 amare when admitted to synod in: the: fallsof- the ssanie year. The first! regular pastor was Rev. Charles AS sBritt.@ owho served from January 1, 1889, to November 1, 1890. Care- ful catechization was be- gun early, and produced a loyal constituency that meant much to Mt. Zion in later years, when the membership began _ to scatter. The church re- ceived mission aid from the Pittsburgh Synod un- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 281 til September 27, 1896, when it became a self-sustaining parish. Early in the pastorate of Rev. C. A. Britt a building fund was collected, but differences of opinion as to the proper location ot a church led to delay in selecting a lot. An agreement was fin- ally reached, and the lot on the corner of 44th and Sherrod streets was bought for $4,920. The second regular pastor was Rev. C. P. Harrah, who served from January 1, 1891, to the day of his death, April 23, 1893. He was an indefatigable worker, and soon the hall became too small to accommodate the people. The corner stone of the church was laid, October 3, 1892, and the first story completed and dedicated, March 19, 1893. Pastor Harrah performed the act of dedication, but was stricken down with typhoid fever on the following Sunday, and called to his reward within a few weeks. ‘To say that he was beloved by his people is meager praise. He gave all his strength in the service of those under his pastoral care, and labored hard with his own hands for the erection of the building in which he was never per- mitted to preach. His influence upon the spiritual life of the community was beyond the power of his parishioners to estimate. ‘The next pastor was Rev. H. N. Follmer, who served with great acceptance from October 8, 1893, to February 1, 1901. During this pastorate the second story of the church was completed at a cost of $10,000. It was dedicated by Pastor Follmer, December 18, 1898, Doctors John Weidley and Harry H. Weber preaching the sermons for the day. A pipe organ was donated by Andrew Carnegie during the following year. At a congregational meeting, April 29, 1900, the present name of the congregation was assumed. ‘The missionary spirit of this congregation was shown by the fact that, when it was still a mission, forty mem- bers were dismissed in order to found Christ Church of Millvale; and later, when it was the chief contributor to the charter mem- bership of Messiah Church of Morningside. Through all the years of its history, it has been a feeder to suburban churches. The successor of Pastor Follmer was Pastor Charles P. Wiles, who served from May 1, 1901, to March 1, 1908. The last dol- lar of an original debt of $8,000 was paid, May 7, 1907. Pastor Wiles endeared himself greatly to the people of Mt. Zion by his clear and simple presentations of the gospel, and his resignation was accepted with much regret. ‘The next pastorate was that of Doctor Taylor B. Yeakley, March 22, 1908, to March 8, 1916, during which many new members were added to the congrega- tion, and the church was given a thorough renovation at a cost of $6,229. The next pastor was Rev. H. FE. Harman, who began his work, October 1, 1916. At the beginning of this pastorate, the property at 4207 Sherrod street was bought by the congrega- tion for a parsonage. ‘The last of the debt incurred was paid on May 15, 1921. The Sherrod street parsonage was sold and the 282 HISTORY OF THE’ PITTSBURGH SYNOD new parsonage on Waterford street bought in 1925. In the course of time Mt. Zion has gradually become a down-town church, but the widely scattered members retain their loyalty, and the work of the church moves steadily forward. ‘The pastors have served here in the following order: Rev. B. E. Shaner (supply), 1888; Rev Cy As Britt 1839-13890; Rev. ©. Peiarrany 1891-1893; Rev. H. N. Follmer, 1893-1901; Rev. C. P. Wiles, 1901-1908; Rev. T. B. Yeakley, Ph.D., 1908-1916; Rev. H. E. Harman, 1916-1925; Rev. D. E. Maxwell, 1925—. TRINIEY GERMAN. BV ANA OOELE RAN SG GLU WOODSURU NE iis Be RE Haas For some time before the year 1888, St. Paul’s German Church of Manchester had maintained a preaching station in the Woods Run district. On August 19, 1888, at a meeting conduct- ed by Pastor Schuh of the Ohio Synod, Trinity Church was organized. A constitution was adopted, and a call extended to Pastor E. Goessling, who had hitherto ministered to them. A legal charter was secured, October 6, 1888. Pastor Goessling served the congregation faithfully for twenty-four years, closing his long pastorate in death, January 12, 1912. ‘The pastor and congregation severed their relations with the Joint Synod of Ohio in 1894, and then united with the Synod of Iowa. Seven- teen families withdrew from Trinity during that same year, and formed a new congrega- ae 33 . + ‘tiongofAthe: Ohiossyn0g be { = From 1888 to 1903 ‘Trin- ity Church maintained her own parochial school, when the heavy financial burden compelled them to discontinue. After the death of Pastor Goess- ling the church extended a call to Pastor Otto Proehlwror, ithe lak one Synod, who served them from September 1, 1912, to) Decembersal, yaho le: The church then remain- ed vacant until July 1, 1917, when Pastor F. 1 Fuerst of the Pittsburgh Synod accepted a call. The congregation pros- cx Gs oI IY a Hip PORY, OF LE EaPliblsSBURGH = sy¥YNOD 283 pered under his care, and was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1921, after certain changes had been made in its charter, The church building is a two-story frame structure, located at 1247 Woods Run avenue, and is valued at $14,000. Services are held in both German and English. A consecutive list of the pastor- ates is as follows: Rev. E. Goessling, 1888-1912; Rev. Otto Proehl, 1912-1916; Rev. F. J. Fuerst, 1917-1920; Rev. C. F. Frank, 1921-1922; Rev. F. W. E. Bockelmann, D.D., 1923-. Da OEUN SEEING LS Bob VANE YUE BRA NeG@ELUR CEL PITTSBURGH, PA. A Pittsburgh City Mission Society was organized by mem- bers of several Lutheran Sunday Schools of the city in 1865, for the purpose of establishing mission schools. The only permanent result of this organization was the founding of St. John’s Sun- day School, May 6, 1866. The first sessions were held in a third- floor room on the corner of Fifth avenue and Pride street. It was organized with twelve teachers and eighty-five scholars, and George Hubley was elected as the first superintendent. This was the time of the synodical controversy, when it was difficult to start missions, but finally the Sunday School of First Church de- cided to maintain it. The first place of meeting was soon aband- oned, and the school transferred to the German Church on Pride street, for which an annual rental of $150 was paid. Among the earlier workers, who succeeded Mr. Hubley as superintendent, were C. C. Baer, Charles H. Gillespie, Thomas H. Lane, William W. Wattles, and Charles A. Geissenhainer. Mrs. Henry Phipps, then Miss Anna Shaffer, played the organ and led the singing for a while. It was the wish of Mr. George Black to provide the site for a mission chapel, but death intervened. Knowing his de- sires, his wife gave a lot from her own ground at the corner of Forbes and Jumonville streets. A small chapel was then erected at a cost of $3,425, and dedicated on the Sunday after Christmas, 1876. Mrs. Black presented another lot adjoining the chapel in 1881, on which a parsonage was built in 1909 at a cost of $9,000. On November 7, 1889, ten young men of First Church petitioned their Church Council, asking that an assistant pastor be secured, whose chief duty would be to officiate in St. John’s.. This peti- tion was approved and commended, and Rev. Frank P. Bossart was called as an assistant pastor of First Church at a salary of $1,000. Regular Sunday morning services were then begun in the chapel, with such encouraging results that a request was soon made for the organization of a separate congregation. ‘This re- quest was granted, with the condition that Rev. Bossart should be the pastor, and that he and his successors in office should hold 284 HISTORY OF THE PIETSBURGH SYNOD their appointments from First Church until the mission became self-sustaining. ‘The regular organization of St. John’s Church was then effected, December 31, 1890, with the following members : Best, George Hays, Millie Lingenfelser, John Best, John, Jr. Kaiser, William Lingenfelser, Mrs. John Best, Mrs. John, rs Keebler, Mrs. Mary Massingham, Sherman Bossart, Mrs. F. Kline, Lewis Massingham, Emma Bous, Maggie Kline, Fred Schreiber, Minnie Erbel, Rose Kline, Ella Schroeder, William Erwin, Charles Knost, Jenuie Schroeder, Mrs. William Erwin, Mrs. Charles Knost, Minnie Shenecker, John Erwin, Jennie Kremer, B. ee Siebert, William Friese, Henry J. Kummel, Jee: Spurl, George and wife Geissenhainer, QUA. Langkamp, George Stauff, Albert J Geissenhainer, William Lingenfelser, Fred Stauff, Dora Geissenhainer, Kmma Lingenfelser, Mrs. Fred Williams, James and wite A canvass was made in July, 1891, for the purpose of se- curing funds for the building of a new church. This canvass was so successful that a beautiful new church was dedicated, November 5, 1893, when the pastor of First Church, Doctor David H. Geissinger, preached the dedicatory sermon. This church was constructed of Pompeian brick, trimmed with brown stone, at a cost of $32,000. The auditorium is square, with arched recesses on either side, and has a seating capacity of 500. The building also includes a chapel, several class rooms, library and sacristy. One of the largest contributors to this work was Mrs. Jane Barclay Black, who also left a legacy of $2,000 to the congregation at her death. Pastor Bossart resigned, April 24, 1895, leaving a congregation of 200 communing members. ‘The congregation became self-supporting during the pastorate of Rev. William H. Fehr, March 4, 1907, and assumed title to the property. Many changes have taken place in recent years in this community, thousands of -Lithuanians and other foreign-born people taking up the homes of the native Americans. As a con- sequence parish work has grown increasingly difficult, and many have urged the relocation of the church. The property was al- most freed from debt during the pastorate of Rev. John A. Yount, and is now valued at $125,000. The membership re- mains practically stationary at 225, the losses balancing the gains. The pastors of St. John’s have served in the order following: Rev. F. P. Bossart, 1890-1895 ; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1895-1901 ; Reév,..W, He Behr, sl901-1908 > Rey, Jodi smith? Dil, “(supple 1909; Rev. J. L. Fischer, 1909-1917; Rev. J. A. Yount, 1917-. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH VERONA, PA. A meeting of the Lutherans of Verona was called, August 10, 1889, when Trinity Church was organized with 14 members. The first officers were Andrew Jack, C. EF. Knoch, and G. H HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 285 Woolslayer. The organ- izing pastor was Rey. Reuben E. McDaniel, who also served churches at Tarentum, Springdale, and Natrona. ‘The con- gregation was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod ie lov welt was aarecble iOcer ale (nem stant salt much patience was need- ed to lay the foundations deep and -secure. - The usual place of meeting Was.in the’G! A; Ri Hall on East Railroad avenue. In 1894 the congregation had increased to 36 mem- bers, and a Sunday School was then organ- ized, with Grant Young : serving as superintendent and William Shafer as his assistant. The Luther League and Ladies’ Aid Society were organized a few years later. A plot of ground at the corner of Front street and South avenue, 50x75, was donated to the congregation by the Brunot family. Pastor McDaniel resigned in 1901, and was suc- eecded. by Fastoreti. >. Gilbert.. “The parish then consisted of Verona and New Kensington. A charter was secured, March 15, 1902, and a lot in the rear of the church ground, 25x50, was do- nated by H. M. Cribbs. The corner stone of a new church was laid, May 4, 1902, and the building dedicated, August 10, 1902. After a pastorate of eighteen months Rey. Gilbert resigned. He was succeeded by Rev. Ira M. Wallace, Ph.D., who served the parish from 1903 to 1909. During this pastorate the church debt was paid, and Trinity became a separate parish. The next pastorate was that of Rev. John J. Myers, during which much was accomplished for the church. He inspired a zeal for work that continues to bless the congregation. Following his counsel a clear title was secured for the church lot, which previously could be held only so long as used for church purposes. During the pastorate of Rev. W. F. Pfeifer, the parsonage on First street was bought for $3,800. The pastors of ‘Trinity have served in the following order: Rev. R. FE. McDaniel, Ph.D., 1889- LOOT Rev, HS. Gilbert, 1901-1902. ‘Rev’ Ira. M>. Wallace, Phe eLO03-1009" Rev. 1. jaaMyers, 1909-1912- Rev. -W: “P-. Eteireimelol 21010.) Rev beesb aot Opens 9 LO- LOZ) Revs oR N. Stumpf, 1920-. 286 HistTORY*Ol (iA Ber EUPSBURGH sy NOD ST. MATTHEW’S EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH DEES ATG ERAS German Lutheran services were begun by Pastor Ivan Die- trich in 1882 in a school house on Camp Hill road, about two miles from Leetsdale. Seven years later, through the efforts of Henry Rosenbauer and Mrs. Conrad Iches, serv- ices were begun in the PubliceLibrary.o tel eetes dale. These services con- tinued ) until PAprilasow 1891, when Pastor Ivan Dietrich, George Shubert, Conrad Iches, Heinrich Baertges, Jacob Erzinger, Otto Ehlers, Heinrich Steinbach, Cihitas tis Beck, Blasius Kaelin, George Sohn, William Bauman, and Henry Ro- senbauer met at the home of William Bauman, and = Va, effected the organization os : of a church by the adop- tion of a temporary con- stitution. This temporary organization included twenty-six members. ‘The Harmony So- ciety donated a lot on Beaver road, between Rapp street and Taylor alley, as a site for the proposed church; but this was returned as unsuitable, and a lot on the corner of Broad and Rapp streets was bought for $500. Here a frame church was erected at a cost of $1,500, which was dedicated by Pastor Diet- rich, April 9, 1893. German services were held in the after- noon and English services in the evening of dedication day, when Rev. E. Goessling, Rev. J. Q. Waters, and Rev.,D. L. Roth assisted as pastor. A charter ‘was secured, January 21, 1893, the petition being signed by Rev. Ivan Dietrick, Otto Ehlers, Heinrick Baertges. Christian Beck, Conrad Iches, Wil- liam Sohn, F. A. Reinhart, Blasius Kaelin, M. B. Rudolf, Chris- topher Von Hofen, Charles Mattis, August Huemme, William Bauman, and Theobald Ludwig. The Sunday School was or- ganized in the spring of 1895, with William Werner as superin- tendent, and Blasius Kaelin, Mrs. William Sohn, Mrs. Eliza- beth Wahl, Mrs. Anna Woods, and Charles Mattis as teachers. The German language was chiefly used at the beginning, but this did not satisfy the desires and needs of the young people, HISTORY @Re LHEs PLL SBURGE SYNOD 287 and English alone was used after the year 1910. The lot ad- joining the church was bought for $1,350 in 1919. During the earlier years the congregation was connected with different neighboring churches, in order to provide an adequate support for the pastor, but later it was given the entire time of the missionary. During the pastorate of Rev. E. O. Graham the Sunday School was graded, the envelope system introduced, and a new constitution in harmony with the charter of the congre- gation adopted. ‘The following pastors have served St. Mat- thew’s in the order named. Rev. Ivan Dietrich, 1891-1902; Rev. Paul Kummer, 1902- 1904; Rev. P. J. C. Glatzert, 1905- 1909; Rev. E. O. Graham, 1910-1914; Rev. L. W. Rupp, 1915- 1919; Rev. P. E. Porath, 1920-1922; Rev. J. R. Shuster, 1923-. Selgin et LEN EV ANG Le TC Ae GGL bie RNC ELL) R CEL Bil B ERG reer. This congregation was organized by Pastor Samuel R. Elson of Braddock, May 4, 1891. His first services were held in the old Wilkinsburg Academy, but were so poorly attended that several months of hard work were necessary before an or- ganization could be effected. The church applied for admission to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod in 1891, under the name of “Grace English Lutheran Church of Wilkinsburg’, and was received and recommended to the Board of Missions for aid. ‘The officials of the General Council pro- tested this action in vain. After some time the con- gregation decided to relo- eate= in.) Brushton, > and held) their, Services in a frame school house. The wisdom of this was de- monstrated by the addi- tion of thirty new mem- bers to the original seven- feensein elias s ithan,)six months. A charter was pecurcautue |iilyem 1392: The church lot on the corner of Brushton and Hamilton avenues was secured through the kind- ness of Charles F. Stifel and J. Walter Hay, who SoCo oe 288 HISTORY OF This PrURUSBURGHY SYNOD held the property in trust until the mission would be able to pay for it. Unfortunately, the people did not consider them- selves able to take care of it. They accepted the corner lot at $2,000, but gave the two adjoining lots to others for a con- sideration of $2,100. A building committee was appointed, con- sisting of Pastor Elson, Charles) C. Vogeley, J. S. Weckerly, and W. A. Gilliland, who superintended the construction of a neat frame church, which was dedicated, March 26, 1893. A good pipe organ was donated by Andrew Carnegie. The total cost of the church and lot was $8,000. Pastor Elson resigned, July 30, 1893, and. was succeeded by Pastor A. J. Bean, who gave faithful service from November 1, 1893, to November 1, 1895. Fifty-six new members were added to the congregation during this short pastorate. The third pastorate was that of Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1896-1897, during which thirty members were dismissed to form Calvary Church of Wilkinsburg. During the pastorate of Rev. Ernest R. McCauley, 1898-1900, the Com- mon Service was introduced to the great edification of the con- gregation. Under the leadership of Pastor Sanford N. Car- penter, 1900-1909, the mission became a self-sustaining parish. One of the most intensive pastorates was that of Rev. Charles M. Teufel, 1909-1918, during which so many new fami- lies were added that the congregation became one of the largest in the synod. The name of the church was changed from “Brush- ton “Avenue ‘Hvangelical” Muthéran (Church: ito) > ot eatenhnene Evangelical Lutheran Church of Pittsburgh” in March, 1907. This development called for extensive improvements to the church at a cost of $12,000, and the building was rededicated by Pastor Teufel, January 18, 1914. On Monday, March 20, 1916, this church was destroyed by fire. Aside from partitions in the basement, sections of flooring and the foundation walls, nothing of value was left. Even the walls were not strong enough to bear the weight of a good building. The sum of $10,500 was received on the insurance, which might have been larger had the co-insurance clause of the policies been better understood. The people rallied to the call of their splendid leader, and a new church was erected and dedicated, February 25, 1917. This church was built of stone in Old English Gothic style at a cost of $30,000. Many encouraging contributions were received from other congregations. During the pastorate of Rev. H. F. Baughman, St. Stephen’s continued to develop: along conservative Lutheran lines, and intensive parish work was prosecuted under the leadership of a deaconess from the Baltimore Motherhouse. From 1918 to 1923 the debt was gradually decreased from $19,850 to $16,475. The spirit of hope and confidence rules in every department of this church. The HISTORY: OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 289 pastors served in the following order: Rev. S. R. Elson, 1891- 1893; Rev. A. J, Bean, 1893-1895; Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1896- 1807 Rev J, .Ce N, Bark, 1897~ Rey Beko McCauley, 1893- 1900 ; Rev. S. N. Carpenter, 1900-1909; Rev. C. M. Teufel, 1909- (Ol Sethe. Her -Banzhmany 1913-19255 Rev. (Ho Ry-Shepter, 1925-. FIRST ENGLISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH DUQUESNE, PA. The first Lutheran services of this city were held in the Presbyterian Church by Rev. H. B. Winton, missionary superin- tendent of the Pittsburgh Synod, March 27, 1892. Conlin’s Hall was rented a few days later, and here “Calvary Evangelical Lutheran Church” was organized, April 24, 1892. The field was ripe for the harvest, and the following persons signed the constitution that was adopted at that time: Benson, Sophia Hetmany Zac. Milslagle, Annie F. Bitler, Robert Heilman, Mrs. Rosanna Quade, Adolph Bitler, Alice S. Heilman, William J. Quade, Annie E. Brewer, John J. Heilman, Mrs. Mary Richert, Lena Brewer, Mary C. Heilman, Mrs. Hollis Rohrer, George F. Burton, Maggie Heiiman, Henry Rohrer, Clara G. Dreher, Christian F. Tsaman, Thomas Shaffer, Levi Dreher, Mrs. Anna Isaman, Rebecca Shaffer, Lucinda Fleming, H. N. Jorgensen, Knud Shick, Robert H. Fleming, Mrs. Anna Kitzmiller, John Shick, Ida Fulmer, Minnie V. Kitzmiller, Jennie Snyder, Elizabeth Furlong, Mrs. Eva Koestner, John F. Sumpter, Charles Graff, Caroline Koestner, Sylvania Sumpter, Lydia S. Grate voadaie M: Livingston, Lulu Vickers, Mrs. Cora Gratis lla sb: Miller, Mary Winkelvoss, Lewis Graff, Ruth Miller, Annie E. Winton, Charles H. Hanson, Charles Morrison, Adda Young, Mary Hanson, Mrs. Mary Morrison, Alice Young, Rosa At a congregational meeting, December 11, 1892, the name was changed from Calvary to that which it now bears. The charter was secured, August 12, 1893. It was the hope of the missionary superintendent that the congregation would be self- sustaining from the start, but the people were scattered by the great Homestead strike, and missionary aid was given until September 1, 1902. The first pastor was Rev. Ozias F. Harsh- man, who took charge of a discouraged congregation, November 20me97 band sservedituntih june) 190 w' Three lots. von the corner of Fifth street and Kennedy avenue, 75 x 115, were bought for $2,000, but could not be held because of inability to borrow the necessary money. Mrs. Mary Oliver then donated two lots on the corner of Hamilton avenue and Second street, February 26, 1894, with the reservation that they should be used “for church purposes only”. The adjoining lot was then bought for $500. A small frame chapel was built on these lots at a cost of $810, which was dedicated by Pastor Harshman, December 2, 1894. In this modest little chapel the congregation grew and prospered. It was wrecked by a tornado in the summer of 1925, 290 HISTOR WOR THEE LE PSBURGH SYNOD but quickly repaired. The acs 54 second pastor was Rev. ~ : 3 Ce William Ira Guss, who oe) Caer ate y eae) Gass fm served from August 18, wei 1901, to December 31, : i 1913. The chapel was then set upon a stone founda- | tion, and repaired within | and without at a cost of yy $1,200. A comfortable KAp Parsonage was built on \| the adjoining lot for $3,- 400. The congregation steadily increased in num- bers until the chapel would no longer hold the ep era (ae eS people, and it became ne- a ye “e cessary to secure a larger ca place of worship. Be- : cause of the undesirable location it was thought best to sell and build elsewhere, but, when they came to get a clear title to their property, they found that they were compelled to pay $1,000 to the Olivers to secure it. ‘This was done, and the congregation prepared to move. Further steps were taken during the pastorate of Doctor J. Fugene Dietterich, 1914-1918, when two lots on the corner of Kennedy avenue and Fourth street, 50 x 115, were bought for $3,600, and the old church and parsonage disposed of for $9.500. When Pastor Elmer F. Rice took charge of the congregation, September 1, 1918, he found the task of building a new church immediately before him. The corner stone was laid, June 29, 1919, and the church dedicated by Pastor Rice, June 16, 1920. The building was constructed of stone in English Gothic style, and furnished throughout in harmony with strict Lutheran usage. The total cost of the fine plant was $57,600, ‘all but $12,000 of which was provided before the close of the dedica- tion season. The congregation is steadily gaining in numbers and power, and reported 393 confirmed members in 1923. The pastorates in consecutive order were as follows: Rev. O. F. Harshman, 1892-1901; Rev "Wile Guess 100121013 - Shey E. Dietterich, D. D., 1914-1918; Rev. Elmer F. Rice, 1918-. ibs LORVTOr pp bhinrr TELS BURGH ESYNOD 291 GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH AUSCONG GER AIAL TeN MESON Cd: eae The organization of this congregation-is credited to the local home mission committee of Trinity Church, whose first work was the founding of the Troy Hill mission school. ‘The members of this commit- tee were Doctor John G. ate Goettman, Charles F. Sti- == Joe ani a fel, J. Walter Hay, John Fite; Henry .M. Schmitt, and F. W. Kieffer. This mission school was or- ganized in Reineman’s Hall, corner of Clark and Lowrie streets, on the se- cond Sunday of January, 1397. e) bank J.) Krohns was elected superinten- let ee acral cictct = sec— retary, and Fred Baets, treasurer berursutea- chers were Howard Eg- gers, Jean Eggers, Ivy Eggers, Lulu Hay, Al- berta Hay, Lily Freund, Misrand —Mrs2 eV. web: ) Knodell, Harriet Graham, Anna Brinkman, Elizabeth Voltz, and Miss Eisenbeis. No more faithful mission work was ever done in this city than by these devoted members of Trinity, some of them being compelled to travel long distances in all kinds of weather in order to render service. Miss Brinkman was em- ployed by the committee to make a house-to-house canvass, and a large number of new friends were made for the mission. Oc- casional preaching services were also held by interested pastors. When Rey. S. T. Nicholas was elected as the summer supply pastor of Trinity Church; June 12, 1893, it was agreed that he should preach for the mission on the hill every Sunday evening. He began this service, June 21, 1893, and the work began to assume permanent form. Grace Church was organized with forty-six members, November 12, 1893, and the first constitu- tion was adopted eight days later. The Young People’s Society was organized nearly three months in advance of the congrega- tion. A lot on the corner of Hamilton and Tinsburry streets was bought for $2,800, and J A. Dempwolf donated the plans and specifications for a church. The corner stone was laid, July 15, 1894, and the first story of the building dedicated by Pastor S. 292 HISTORY OF TRE PLSD URGH or NOD T. Nicholas, October 7, 1894. The total cost of this place of worship was $10,000, testing the strength of the mission to the limit. It immediately gave prestige to the mission, and many new members were added. When Rev. B. F. Pick resigned as pastor of the First German Ewangelical Church of Allegheny in 1895, a number of families were dismissed to unite with Grace. A number of railroad men from Blairsville settled on the hill about the same time, and nearly all of these became members. The mission committee of Trinity Church continued to help in the support of the pastor for six years, after which the congre- gation became self-sustaining. ‘The second story was added to the church building at cost of $10,000, and dedicated by Pastor Nicholas, February 19, 1899. When Pastor Nicholas resigned to accept the position of missionary superintendent, November 12, 1902, he left a congregation.of 275 members, which already gave promise of developing into one of the strongest parishes of the synod. During the years that followed, the progress of Grace was steady and regular, ‘scarcely a year failing to show an advance in all good work over the preceding one, until in 1923 a confirmed membership of 672 could be reported. A two-manual pipe organ was installed at a cost of $2,675, which was dedicated by Pastor William H. Nicholas, June 24, 1906. The people of Grace are devoted to their church, and there is scarcely a year passes in which something in not done in the way of improving their church plant. The parsonage was secured during the pastorate of Rev. J. C. Nicholas, when a fine brick house on Lowrie street was purchased for $9,000. Another marked feature of the work of this parish is the large place given to the children. For many years the cradle roll has been large, and the principle of child nurture has had much to do with the development of the con- gregation. The pastors of Grace have served in the following order: Rev. S. T. Nicholas, 1893-1902; Rev. W. H. Nicholas, 1902-1908; Rev. Paul Froelich, 1908-1909; Rev. W. A. Hartman, 1909-1914°5 Rev. S$.) 7. Himes, Ph D5 1914-1919 -#Rev a aes Nicholas, 1919-. BETHEL ENGLISH LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. The first effort to plant a Lutheran congregation in this section of the city was made by Doctor John G. Goettman in 1866. A mission school was organized by him in a hall on Chartiers street, and sustained for a considerable time. ‘The loss of their meeting place led to its temporary disbandment. In the meantime the interested workers of the General Council se- cured a vacant room and opened a school. The friends of the ‘Wd ‘HOYUNASLLId “IVLIdSOH LNVAVSSVd AHL 294 HISTORY (OF VCE ESE iS Gb URC reo NOE) General Synod then urged Doctor Goettman to start a rival school, but this he declined to do on the grounds that the Gen- eral Council had fairly captured the field. In the course of time the Gen- eral Council school ri- pened into Emmanuel Lutheran, Church; > Gen= eral Synod as well as General Council people were drawn into its fel- lowship, but the former : were dissatisfied with a 2 ae ee 1 SVUOdICal relation mmm a SMe ~ VERN veil withdrew to or- AA “ ganize Bethel Church. @ The meeting for this pur- pose 2wast held Singethe Sixth Ward School, July 16, 1893, at which M. J. Shaw served as president and W. C. Collmer as secretary. Fifty-one persons attended this meeting. A constitution in harmony with the Gen- eral Synod was adopted, and Rev. J. M. Hankey of Emmanuel called as pastor. Naturally this action raised a storm in synodi- cal circles. The General Council leaders believed that the Gen- eral Synod people had interfered with their mission and caused all the dissension. Pastor Hankey was dismissed from his synod by a vote of 76 to 4, but a few weeks later was admitted with the new congregation to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod. A series of resolutions were passed by the latter body, October 12, 1893, expressing regret over the issue with the Gen- eral Council, but affirming a duty with respect to the General Synod people living in Manchester. As soon as the new synodi- cal relationship was established, the congregation proceeded to the task of securing a house of worship. Early in 1894 the lot on the corner of Washington avenue and Fulton street was bought for $9,500. A small brick chapel was erected on the rear of this lot at a cost of $3,500, which was dedicated by Pastor J. M. Hankey, July 8, 1894. Owing to ill health Pastor Hankey resigned, August 1, 1894, and was succeeded by Rev. Fuller Bergstresser, who served from October 1, 1894, to Sep- tember 16, 1900, and built up a strong congregation of 191 mem- . bers. The Sunday School shared in this progress, and enrolled 450 scholars. The heavy debt of $10,000 was gradually reduced to $6,850. His successor in office was Doctor C. B. King, whose ss s HISTOR YsOReLHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 295 pastorate extended from October 15, 1900, to October 1, 1917. _ During this pastorate of seventeen years Doctor King did a great work, building up a congregation of 600 members and one of the best equipped Sunday Schools of the city. The mis- sion became a self-sustaining parish, October 1, 1901, and the troublesome mortgage was consigned to the Hames, April 2, 1903. Because of the need for larger quarters, the little brick chapel was sold, and the Congregational Church on the corner of Frank- lin and Manhattan streets bought for $23,000. Since this build- ing had cost the Congregationalists $42,000, its purchase was considered quite advantageous for Bethel. The sum of $10,000 was secured for the chapel, and the pastor collected $6,122 on the day of dedication, so that but little debt remained. The new house of worship was dedicated by Doctor King, September 3, 1905. Extensive repairs were made to the Sunday School rooms in 1911 at a cost of $3,100. Doctor King’s successor was Rev. C. W. Barnett, who served from November 1, 1917 to May 1, 1922, and was able to report a congregation of 600 con- firmed members and a strong Sunday School of 456 members at the close of his pastorate. The next pastor was Rev. Frank P. Fisher, who was called from Altoona, July 1, 1922. At the beginning of this pastorate the parsonage on Liverpool street was bought for $10,000. The pastors of Bethel have served in the following order: Rev. J. M. Hankey, 1893-1894; Rev. Fuller Bergstresser, 1894-1900; Rev. C. B. King, 1900-1917; Rev. C. W. Barnett, 1917-1922; Rev. F. P. Fisher, 1922-. Aloe ner ve Cele CALs ULE RAN COURCH AOU ECAR EMO 18 al ed eae The Mt. Carmel Lutheran Church of upper Turtle Creek was organized by Rev. Michael Colver, August 4, 1872. This organization included the following members: Ament, Joseph Best, Jos. and Catherine Lenhart, Elizabeth Ament, Susannah Lenhart, Peter Lenhart, Ada Ament, Elizabeth Lenhart, Margaret Loutzenhiser, D. Ament, G. W. Lenhart, Frances Loutzenhiser, Sarah Ament, Hezekiah Lenhart, Henry Loutzenhiser, W. M. Bact ml peeheeeandehiantialy Lenhart, Adam Stough, Joseph The majority of these persons were former members of Hankey and Brush Creek churches of Westmoreland County. A constitution was adopted, September 14, 1872, when Joseph Ament and Joseph Stough were elected as the first church of- ficers. Pastor Colver served them but a few months. During 1874 and 1875 they were served by Pastor J. H. Houseman in connection with North Zion. The church was then vacant for several months, during which Rev. Jonathan Sarver of Leech- burg visited the field and preached several times for the people. 296 HISTORY OF ALHEAPIT TS BURGH OY NOD Such a degree of interest developed that he was able to organize St. Mark’s Evangelical Lutheran Church with 43 members, August 6, 1876. This was the situation that confronted the next General Synod pastor, Rev. O. F. Harshman, when he entered the field in October. He persuaded the greater part of the Lutherans of the community to return to the fellowship of Mt. Carmel Church, and built up a large Sunday School. The people then began to plan for the building of a church. There was a great difference of opinion on the question of a site, but the committee finally purchased a lot in upper Turtle Creek, only three members of the congregation dissenting. The great factories of East Pittsburgh and Wilmerding had not then been built, and the site was regarded as the most central that could be secured. ‘The corner stone of a new church was laid, April 19, 1878, and the completed building dedicated by Pastor Harshman, April 13, 1879. It is said that the pastor helped to lay the foundation, frame the building, and nail the shingles on the roof. “After his resignation, September 21,1879) the asa= lation of the church made it difficult to serve. Sometimes the Westmoreland pastors preached for them; sometimes the pas- tors of North Zion. It was finally added to Braddock Parish in 1887, and served in that relation until 1892. By that time the erection of the Westinghouse plants in Turtle Creek Val- ley had draw the greater part of the members of Mt. Carmel into the lower town; and the organization of a new church became necessary in order to meet the ease conditions. Rea- lizing this situation, a number of Turtle Creek Lutherans bought a lot on Airbrake avenue in June, 1891, which they were ready to turn over to a new congregation. Rev. J. E. Maurer, mission- ary superintendent of the synod, effected a temporary organiza- tion of fourteen members, November 12, 1893, and the consti- tution of Alpha Evangelical Lutheran Church was formally adopted, January 21, 1804, when the membership was_ in- creased to thirty. Twenty- one of these members came from Mt. Carmel Church, so that the two organizations are some- times considered as one. The services were held in Black’s Hall. The first pastor of the new institution was Rev. .Jona- than Elmer Bittle, whose natural missionary gifts led him into many homes and gave him a strong hold upon the young people. The synod made an appropriation of $200, but the mission was so vigorous that it became self-sustaining within two years. A brick church was erected on the Airbrake avenue lot at a cost of $7,000, which was dedicated by Pastor Bittle, January 27, 1895. During the course of the years many acces- sions have been made to the membership of the congr egation, but the floating character of the population has fade it hard to build-up a Jarge constituency. “Pastor * Bittle reportedsza2 fist ORY Or eb PIS BURGH “SYNOD 297 communing members at the time of his resignation in 1905, and this number had only increased to 269 in 1923. The develop- ment of the congregation in benevolence, however, was much more pronounced. The benevolence of 1905 was $413, and that’ of 1923 ‘reached’ a: total ‘of $2,102.’ Under’ the leader- ship of Pastor William A. Logan, the congregation was inspired to undertake large improvements to their church plant. A much more advantageous site was secured on Grant street, where a parsonage is the first unit of the church plant that 1s now being erected at a cost of $100,000. Another feature of the pastorate of Rev. Logan was the interest the congregation in the supply of pipeaeduate stuinistry sore tne= Church! sy im Orr the, sors of Alpha Church have recently started to prepare themselves for the sacred office. A complete list of the pastors of Mt. Carmel and. Alpha in consecutive order is as follows: Rev. Michael Colver, 1872; Rev. J. H. Houseman, 1874-1875; Rev. O. F. Harshman, 1876-1879; Supplies, 1880-1886; Rev. L. M. Kuhns, 1887-1888; Rev. Charles Reinewald, 1888-1892; Rev. J. E. Bittle, D. D., 1894-1905; Rev. M. S. Kemp, 1905-1912; Rev. I. premassamian, 1913-1916 hey We A Loesan, 1917-, TRINITY ENGLISH 1 EER AEN CELLU RC MeKEBSRORTEPA: The first General Synod pastor to hold services in this city was Rev. H. B. Winton, whose place of meeting was a rented hall and later the Reformed Church. ‘The congregation was organized by Rev. J. E. Maurer in Blue Ribbon Hall, June 4, 1893, with the following members: Brewer, John yee oe Rinehart, Mrs. Mary Brewer, Mrs. John Hilty.. Evins. “Ar. 1910 ste December 17, 1919. The pastorate of Pastor Will terminated automatically with the merger meeting, although he consented to serve the united congregations until June 15, 1920. The act of merger was effected, December 17, 1919, when a new constitu- tion was adopted and the name. Calvary assumed. ‘The first Church Council of the new organization consisted of C. H. Leh- mann, J. M. Nycum, E. L. Blair, Fred Kottman, D. A. Wilkinson, Hi Retechurr, Jee Cl Vann ewkirk, Ane); eGossem) Georvemis Miller, J. N. Stolzenbach, E. R. Kregar, and E. E. Youngk. By a singular coincidence the same number of men was elected from each former congregation, although chosen by open ballot. The solidity of this body of men was a great factor in establish- ing the unity of the new organization. The old St. Paul’s chapel was sold for $20,000 to the Y. M. C. A., June 26, 1920, and the net proceeds, amounting to $12,000, paid on the debt of Calvary. Rev. C. B. Foelsch became pastor, August 1, 1920, and has added large numbers to the membership of the congregation. At the silver anniversary of Calvary, a fund of $25,000 was raised, of which $13,000 was expended in enlarging the Sunday School room. Nearly 500 persons were present in the Sunday School on the morning of the dedication. October 14, 1923. The future of this congregation is rich in promise. MT. -ODIVEL TENGE IS Hoc UT ELE RANT GEG bl PODS BURG Dae ie This church is located in that section of Pittsburgh known as Spring Hill. The large number of German children on the hill led Mrs.°C.. Bu Kingvand’ Mrs. Mecklish of) St Marksite establish a Sunday School, July 1, 1894, when 28 children were present. This school was cared for as a parish mission of St. Mark’s for a while, and this placed the well known financial powers of the pastor of St. Mark’s at their disposal. Pastor King secured a lot on the corner of Rhine street and Robinson road for the mission, erected a frame chapel at a cost of $4,000, and solicited the greater part of the funds from Pittsburgh busi- HISPORY- OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 305 ness men. ‘The chapel was dedicated, April 21, 1895. Sunday School work was continued in this chapel by workers from St. Mark’s until the time was ripe for the organization of a church. ‘This was effected with thirty members, January 11, 1899, under the name of Mount Olivet English Lutheran Church. Doctor King conducted regular services until July 10, 1899, when Rev. H. C. Michael took charge. For a time the congregation was connected with Wilmerding; then with North Zion; then with St. James Church; then with Emsworth; and did not receive the entire time of a pastor until 1921. The first resident pastor was Rey. F. C. Frommhagen, 1921-1922, during whose short pastorate a good parsonage was erected at a cost of $8,000. It was found too hard for the 110 members to carry the financial burden alone, and missionary aid was again given for one year. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. ee bemecine 4 OOO ah evertin Gn Michael 139921900" « Rey, (Oeenteboor ye 1900-190 hy Reve GB: aiWeaver, 71901-1905; Rev J. H. Keller? 1905-1907; Rev. H. W. A: Hanson (supply), 1907 ;,Rev. W. C. Mann, 1909-1921; Rev. F. C. Frommhagen, LOFeto 72h eva Gab Held. 6192321926. Goh Sl sat ANCB LIGA. EU TELE RAN (CHURCH WILMERDING, PA. This industrial community of the Westinghouse Airbrake Company was visited by Doctor C. B. King in the spring of 1899, with a view to or- ganizing a Lutheran con- gregation. Finding a num- ber of interested Luth- erans, he held services for several weeks in the Yeah Gael. rooms. yOn May 21, 1899, he organ- ized a church with twen- ty-four members. For the first five months the Wee Vier Aeeroons: tute nished the place of meet- me ceithenditihe MPublic School annex was used. The first regular pastor was Rev. H. C. Michael, who took charge of the parish, August 6, 1899, serving the congregation in connection with Mt. 306 HISTORY (OB THE PLVLESBURGH SYNOD Olivet until August 1, 1900, when it was united with Denmark Manor. The church was under the care of the Advisory Board of Home Missions until July 1, 1903, when it was transferred to the Home Mission Board of the General Synod. Self-sup- port was not reached until November 1, 1919. Two lots were secured from the Westinghouse Company in 1901 for $2,380, on which a good brick church was erected at a cost of $8,000. This church was dedicated by Pastor Michael, December 18, 1904, when addresses were made by Rev. S. T. Nicholas and Rev. J. W. Poffinberger. From 1909 to 1914 the church was united with East. McKeesport in a parish, since when it has been given the entire time of a pastor. A good parsonage ad- joining the church was erected during the pastorate of Rev. J. M. Uber, when new chancel furniture was dedicated. The church has gradually increased in strength during these years, and was able to report 193 confirmed members in 1923. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. H. C. Michael, 1899-1906; Rev. D. S. Kurtz, 1906-1908; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1909-1910; Rev. J. K. Robb, 1911-1912; Rev. F. L. Will, 1913- 1916; Reve J.-M. Uber 3191671923 3Rev|) Vi Weber Zan ST. PAUL'S, EVANGELICAL, CUTER RANCH Ul RG i Pipi BURGE EN This church is located in the Glenwood district, where the shops of the B. & O. are located. The opportunity for the es- tablishment of a Luther- | ag an \Ghurchith e:enmawacae i Sap brought to the attention Leach: Oe @ of Rev. A. J. Bean, when : 7D| BEES a he was missionary super- intendent of the synod. On March 14, 1897, he effected the organization of a Sunday School, the first places of meeting being the school house and Moore’s Hall. ‘The second organization was that of a Ladies’ Aid So- ciety, which gave valu- able help in the estab- ll lishment of the church. C2 =I al |! The congregation was or- oe eh BG? ganized with 59 charter members, May 29, 1899, and Rev. Bean became S HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 307 the first pastor. A building site on the corner of Second avenue and Mansion street was secured. ‘The corner stone of their church was laid, December 16, 1898, and the building dedicated Hities20,01599;) sae charters was secured (jtine 17, 1899 “For Miticesvcare mot raul Ss shared!theeservices’ oi) their pastor with Trinity, McKeesport, but the parish was divided, November 15, 1901, and Pastor Bean was permitted to give his full time to St. Paul’s. The church was enlarged and improved at a cost of $3;000 Sand) rededicated ‘by’ Pastor) Beani) January 25, 1903) In 1925, the church was given a thorough renovation at a cost of $3,500, and rededicated by Pastor R. L. Smith. The successors of Pastor Bean have been’ the following: Rev: C:. R.-Dunlap, 1908-1911; Rev. C. A. Boory, 1912-1919; Rev. R. L. Smith, 1919- GEIS DpewN GIS Te Ur EE RANG GEER CEH NECN bie DAS The first attempt to plant an English Lutheran Church in this community was made by Pastor H. N. Follmer of Mount Zion Church. A number of families of Mount Zion lived in Millvale, and a Sunday School was opened for the benefit of the children in 1896. During the week a prayer meeting was also conducted. The school and prayer meeting flourished for a season, and then disbanded. The people were conscious of their spiritual needs, however, and never gave up the idea of estab- lishing a church of their faith. The matter was brought to the attention of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod in 1900, and Christ’s Church was organized by Pastor Follmer and Doc- tor C. B. King, November 10, 1900. The organization started with forty members, the greater part of whom came from Mt. Zion Church. An effort was made at the same time to organize a General Council Church, but, when it became clear that the field was naturally a part of Mount Zion Parish, the General Council workers withdrew. The first regular pastor was Rev. Curtis A. Boory, who served from December 3, 1900, to August 31,1905. For the first year the church was served in connection with Mt. Olivet, and then made a separate mission parish. ‘Two lots on the corner of Lincoln avenue and Sedgwick street were bought, on which a church was built at a total cost of $13,500. The church was dedicated by Pastor Boory, December 27, 1903, when Rev. C. P. Wiles preached the sermon. ‘The second pastor was Rev. Samuel E. Smith, whose term of service extended from November 1, 1905 to July 1, 1911. Much credit is due this pastor for his careful organization of the congregation for service and the development of the membership. The troublesome floating 308 HISTORY) OF -EHE PIPRSBURGHSSYNOD indebtedness was paid, and many needed improvements were made to the property. During the pastorate of Rev. Ira W. Trostle there was a serious landslide in the rear of the church, and a great rock broke through the rear wall, but the accident aroused such sympathy for the congregation that the misfortune proved a blessing in disguise. During the pastorate of Doctor John J. Hill, the entire debt was paid, and the church became a self-sustaining parish, November 1, 1919. The pastorates in regular order were as follows: Rev. C. A. Boory, 1900-1905 ; Rev. S. E. Smith, 1905-1911; Rev. E. E. Hoshour, 1912-1913; Reva slaw. sLrostlem913-1916 Revs). i) bull Da Dy elo ST. LUKE’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. For many years it was the cherished desire of Doctor John G. Goetmann to plant a church on the Perrysville avenue hill, but the door was never fully opened until the summer of 1900, when the Eighth U. P. Church placed \ithetr vaca werd church,on\ they marker This brick church was bought by the Advisory Board of Hame Missions for $5,000, and the first Lutheran services were held (init (by (Revae@w as King, Sunday evening, July— 22,7 "1900. Reatiias services were held for several weeks, and St. Luke’s Church was _ for- mally organized with forty-two members, Au- gust 12, 1900. Tweaty- | two were received from Trinity Church. The following signed the petition for a charter: ee Se wee 4 . S See > = Z Z 2 SY f wt ed SS = Adams, John I. and wife Johnstone, Mrs. C. E. Monath, Charles and wife Adams, John Kalmeyer, Theodore Reithel, William and wife Adams, Harry Kifer, James Schmitt, Henry M. Adams, Mary Kifer, Mrs. James Schmitt, Mrs. Henry M. Autrieth, EK. C. and wife Klein, Edwin Skiles, Gertrude B Crissman, J. H. and wife Koerts, John H. Stanford, William Elbourne, Mrs. Doretta Koerts, Florence Unger, M. A. and wife HauchwelVirsaiO1s Ve Merker, F. W. Weaver, W. H. Heyl, L. M. and wife Michel, Mrs. Sarah A. Weaver, Mrs. W. H. The first Church Council consisted of the following: H. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 309 M. Schmitt, M. A. Unger, and C. E. Autrieth, elders; W. H. Weaver, Theodore Kalmeyer, and Charles Monath, deacons; and J. H. Crissman, James Kifer, and L. M. Heyl, trustees. The Sunday School was organized with thirty scholars, October 7, 1900, Henry M. Schmitt serving as superintendent for many years. His active interest in the work of the congregation was largely responsible for its steady development. The first regu- lar pastor was Rev. J. W. Romich, who served from February 15, 1901, to October 30, 1905. Extensive repairs were made to the building, and it was dedicated by Pastor Romich, June 6, 1901. On March 1, 1904, the church assumed self-support with a membership of 125. In recognition of the services of Pastor Romich, a bronze tablet was placed in the church after his death, which occurred, May 3, 1917. The second pastor was Rey. Henry W. A. Hanson, who served from June 1, 1906, to Febru- ary 12, 1913. So rapid was the development of the congregation that additional ground was bought in 1910, looking forward to the day when enlargement would be necessary. The corner stone of a new church was laid, August 27, 1911, and the hand- some edifice dedicated by Pastor Hanson, May 12, 1912. It was built of stone, with large apartments for Sunday School work, at an approximate cost of $50,000. The old brick church was removed to the rear of the lot and converted into a gymnasium. In honor of the fine church, the city renamed the street St. Luke’s Square. At the close of the pastorate of Doctor Han- son, the congregation enrolled 375 confirmed members. The third pastor was Rev. G. Arthur Fry, D. D., who accepted a call, July 1, 1913. sented to act as trustee for the proposed congregation, and a fine building lot on the Brownsville road, 100x140 in size and valued at $4,000 at that time, was donated by Henry Thiel- man. William J. Clark, J. Boyd Duff, Esqr., and F. W. Drebert served as a building committee, and gave their individual notes for obligations incurred. ‘The contract for the building was let to Ensell and Dryden for $5,666, but separate contracts were let for glass, furnishings, etc. The Sunday School was organized by the acting pastor, Rev. F. W. Kohler, May 24, 1903, J. Boyd Duff becoming the first superintendent. The corner stone of the church was laid by Rev. F. W. Kohler, April 19, 1903, and the completed building was dedicated by Rev. H. $. Gilbert, Septem- ber 20, 1903. The total cost of the furnished church was $11,227.20. Pastor Kohler continued to serve the congregation until August 1, 1903, when a call was accepted by Pastor H. S. Gilbert. It was agreed that any confirmed members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church could become members of the new organization by signing the model constitution recommended by the General Council. A meeting of these was held, August 23, 1903, when the following signed the constitution: Bankerd, William J. _ Drebert, Arthur Lininger, W. S. and wife Bankerd, Mrs. Clara Duff, i Boyd Lininger, Effie Baxmyer, William F. Duff, Mrs. Alice Lininger, E. W. Baxmyer, Mrs. W. F. Duff, Mrs. Mary J. Lininger, William Bauman, W. E. and wife Duff, Ella Moeller, Mrs. Katie W. Blohm, i. (© Duff, Thomas A. Reynolds, Mrs. Blanche Clark, William J. Duff, Mrs. Thomas A. Rudell, Louise Clark, Mrs. Mary Gilbert, Mrs. H. S. Sode, Christian Clark, Oliver Gilbert F. I. Sode, Barbara Clark, Nellie Henning, A. J. and wife Sode, Otila Cox, Mrs. Sadie Hillebrecht, John Succop, Mrs. Elizabeth Dierker, C. F. and wife Kress, Ulrich Thielman, Henry Drebert, F. W. and wife Kress, Mrs. Katherine Woodford, Mrs. Cocina B. The first deacons were William J. Clark, F. W. Drebert, Thomas’ A; Dutt, Wilham@E. Baxmyer, ©. ©, Clark sChanlesmis Dierker, Albert J. Henning, Henry Thielman, and William F. Bankerd. The church was chartered, November 28, 1903, and a new constitution adopted under this charter, April 4, 1904. Pastor Gilbert resigned, May 8, 1910, and. was succeeded by Pastor John A. Waters, who served from October 1, 1910, to October 2, 1922, On the twenty-fifth day after his resignation, this devoted servant of Christ was called to his reward at Jumon- ville, Pa. For years he suffered from a heart affection, and none but his intimate friends knew under what a handicap he served HISLORY, OF STH E ePITTSBURGH SYNOD 319 the parish. When Pastor Waters began his work here, there was considerable strife in the congregation and much talk of organizing another church in connection with the General Synod. The congregation at the time was a mission of the General Coun- cil, but conditions improved so rapidly that self-support was as- sumed, May 1, 1913. Pastor Waters was also compelled to battle with a church debt of $9,000, but the payment of the last dollar of this was celebrated by a mortgage burning, September 12, 1920. A pipe organ was installed at a cost of $1,300 in 1917. The successor of Pastor Waters was Pastor M. Herbert Messner, who accepted a call, November 22, 1922. At the beginning of this pastorate a fine parsonage was erected. A consecutive list of the pastorates is as follows: Rev. H. S. Gilbert, 1903-1910; Reve eeneyyatersu (Us O22 kev. iv. Ee Messner sl 922) NESS LATSEVANGRDICAT WULHERAN CHURCH HOMESTEAD, PA. The founding of this church was largely due to Pastor W. J. Bucher of Braddock, who introduced the missionary superin- tendent of the synod to a number of Homestead people, who were anxious for the establshment of a General Synod Church. Their first service was held, July 3, 1904, with an encouraging attendance of forty persons. A like number was present, August 6, 1904, when the Sunday School was organized. The greater part of the preliminary work was done by Student Uriah A. Guss, who spent the summer of 1904 in the community. The organization of the congregation was effected by Doctor John Weidley, September 11, 1904, when thirty-seven members were enrolled. The first regular pastor was Rev. Webster C. Spayde, whose pastorate extended from February 15, 1905, to November 30, 1906. The mission was fortunate in being able to rent the St. Mark’s German Evangelical Church as a place of worship; and much of its earlier progress may be credited to this. One thing has strongly militated against the success of this congrega- tion, and that has been too frequent changes of pastors. Before a pastor could fairly adjust himself to the parish, something happened to cause a change of leaders. The longest of the pas- torates was that of Rev. W. A. Berkey, who was enabled to ac- complish much for the permanent good of the parish. The corner stone of a new church was laid, November 3, 1912, and the feast of dedication was conducted by Pastor Berkey, April 6, 1913. A parsonage was built in connection with the church, and the entire cost of the plant including the site was $12,500. A debt of $7,900 remained, but the last of this was paid in 1923 during the pastorate of Rev. D. P. Drawbaugh. During the 320 HISTORY*OF GLH EA PIES BURGH SYNOD years, 1919-1923, there was much talk of effecting a merger with St. John’s Church, but no common basis of union could be found, and the matter was indefinitely postponed. ‘The order of the pastorates was as follows: Rev. W. C. Spayde, 1905-1906; Rev. C. R. Dunlap, 1907-1908; Rev. D. U. Bair, 1909-1910; Rev. D. E. Rupley, 1910-1911; Rev. W. A. Berkey, 1911-1916; Rev. D. L. Shaffer, 1916-1919; Rev. D. P. Drawbaugh, 1920- L923 Rev. Jai Relly a to23e, MESSIAHVEVANGE EIGATIOVE Ul HER AN GEG KT Pi SiG ey ys This church is located in a resident section of the city known as Morningside. Attention was first called to the field by resi- dent members of Mt. Zion Church; and the first service was held in the home of Julius Wunderlich in the fall of 1907. An un- occupied school room was then secured, and services were held there every Sunday morning. Rev. D. R. Sumstine and Student Samuel Smith served as supply pastors. A preliminary canvass had been made by Pastors Wiles and Reller, but a second can- vass was made by Student Smith, and Doctor J. E. Bittle was able to organize the congregation, September 13, 1908, with twenty-nine members, nineteen of whom came from Mt. Zion. Morningside and Homestead were connected as a parish, and Rev. D. U. Bair served as the first pastor, May 1, 1909, to July 1, 1910. The second pastorate was equally short, Rev. D. E. Rupley serving from November 1, 1910, to May 15, 1911. Dur- ing this pastorate a lot was purchased, on which the portable chapel of the Advisory Board was placed and dedicated, Rev. John G. Koser served the mission in connection with East Car- negie from May 1, 1912, to April 1, 1913, when it was made a separate parish under the care of Rev. E. F. Dickey. Under the leadership of Pastor Dickey the present church was _ secured. The corner stone was laid, October 10, 1915, and the church dedicated, April 2, 1916. The church was constructed of brick and stone, and furnished in churchly taste, at a total cost of $12,500. During the following year a pipe organ was installed and dedicated. Since the securing of a permanent church, there has been a steady development in the strength of the congrega- tion, 157 confirmed members being reported in 1923. ‘This was the first of the General Synod congregations to make use of the clerical robe in public services. The following pastors have served here: Supplies, 1908-1909; Rev. D. U. Bair, 1909-1910; Rev. D. E. Rupley, 1910-1911; Rev. RiGriKoseryyl9l 239 ae Rev. E. F. Dickey, 1913-1916; Rev. DEB w au 1916-1918: Rek Ss. G. Dornblaser, D.D.; 1919-1922; Rev. W. L. Winner, 1923- 1925 - Rev. E..Iy T. Engers, 1925-. HISTORY-OF THE: PITTSBURGH SYNOD | TEMPLE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PIeUsSBuyRGH PA The need of a Lutheran Church in the Herron Hill section of the city was felt for a number of years by neighboring pas- tors, and the first service was conducted by Doctors John Weid- ley and A. J. Turkle, May 1, 1904, when fifty-three persons were in attendance. A Sunday School was organized, May 8, 1904, which soon enrolled more than one hundred scholars. Rev. H. C. Erdman canvassed the field with encouraging results in the summer of 1904, and effected the organization of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Church of the Atonement with a membership of forty, October 2, 1904. The chapel of the Primitive Methodists was rented by the Advisory Board of Home Missions as a place of worship. Pastor Erdman resigned, June 16, 1906, and was succeeded by Pastor T. B. Yeakley, who served from December 1, 1906, to March 17, 1908. During this pastorate, the name of the church was changed to that which it now bears. The long pastorate of Rev. R. B. McGiffin, 1908-1917, was rich in fruitage. Under his leadership the congregation bought a church home at 815 Anaheim street, which was renovated to meet the immediate demands. All the needed funds were raised by the mission within a few years. ‘This building was raised three feet and moved to the rear of the lot in 1918, and a churchly stone front was then built, which gave to the entrance a stately appearance. The renovated building was dedicated by Pastor McGiffin, April 22, 1917, when a large part of the $6,200 cost was solicited by Doctor C. B. King. Temple Church became self-sustaining, November 1, 1919, but the changes in the population of Herron Hill have made. it difficult to carry on the work. Negroes and Jews are crowding the original population off the hill, and many of the members now live a long distance from their church. ‘The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. H. C. Erdman, 1904-1906; Rev. T. B. Yeakley, Ph.D., 1906-1908; Rev. R. B. McGiffin, '1908- LOLAES ReveECAEL): Licbegott, 1917-1920; Rev. G. G. Ruff, 1920-. ST. JAMES EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PITTSBURGH, PA. The first opening for the planting of a General Synod Church on the South Side was presented in the spring of 1905, when, after a canvass of the Arlington avenue district, Rev. Joseph H. Keller was able to organize St. James Church with 42 charter members, June 18, 1905. The organization service was conduct- ed by Doctor J. E. Bittle, missionary superintendent of the synod. The first service was held in Stoehr’s Hall, and was attended by Bez FEES DOR YO BEL Pa i B Ux Gr Et Sai OD eleven women and one man. ‘The Sunday School was organized with 27 scholars, May 14, 1905,.and a Ladies’ Auxiliaryein September of the same year. The church was granted a charter, August 11, 1906, and lost no time in securing a permanent place of worship. The corner stone of a church was laid on their Arlington avenue lot, May 5, 1907, and the completed building dedicated by Pastor Keller, October 6, 1907. The church was built of brick and stone, with churchly furnishings, at a cost of $14,000. At the time of the dedication the congregation num- bered 115 members, and there was an attendance of 125 in the flourishing Sunday School. In spite of this apparent strength the mission had difficulty in adjusting itself to the burden of debt incurred in the building, and Doctor C. B. King was called upon for aid. Only after the lapse of several years was any appreciable reduction made in the heavy debt. During the pas- torate of Rev. G. F. Hegele the congregation assumed self-sup- port, but a dissension then arose which resulted in heavy losses, and great difficulty was experienced in securing a pastor. On February 1, 1923, an arrangement was made by which Rev. J. Kent Rizer of Grace Church became pastor also of St. James, giving to both congregations the benefit of a morning service. The congregation could report but 78 members in 1923. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. J. H. Keller, 1905-1910; Rev. M. R. Hamsher, 1910-1913; Rev. W. O. Ibach, 1913-1916: Rev: W. A. Sadtler, Ph: D> 191671918" Reva Geers Hegele, 1918-1920; Rev. F. J. Fuerst, 1920-1922; Rev. J. K. Rizer, 1923-1925. 2 ST. PAUL'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SEWICKLEY, PA. st. Paul’s Church was organized by. Rev. P. J. C. Glatzert, April 18, 1907, with thirty-three members. A missionary ap- propriation of $400 was granted by the Pittsburgh Synod, and Pastor Glatzert became the first missionary, serving the mission in connection with Leetsdale and Wall Rose. A charter was ob- tained and the church admitted to the synod during the same year. During the first several years the congregation battled against many discouragements, -and many believed that it could not survive. But the loyal people never gave up, and bought a good building site at a cost of $4,000 in 1910, when many con- sidered their future hopeless. The second pastorate was that of Rev. Robert R. Durst, 1914-1919, during which the portable chapel of the Parkersburg Church was secured and erected .on their lot. ‘This chapel was thoroughly renovated by the reor- ganized congregation, which numbered twenty-five members at HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 323 the time of the reopen- ing. Pastor Durst built i : up a congregation of | shee DE sf mally ACTCICIN y) ae = eighty-one members, and paid $3,000 on the church debt. He was succeeded Dye Oocoia Cau bwe King: February 15, 1920, under whose ministry the re- maining debt was quickly raised and plans were made for the erection of 2) [TST Ola bale ob, Doctor King gathered a subscription list of $18- O00 before the contract was let for the building. The corner stone was laid, October 9, 1921, and the church dedicated by Pastor King, March 26, 1922. ‘The church was built of brick and stone at a cost of $33,- O00, and the finances were so well managed that a debt of only $12,400 remained in 1923, of which fully one-half had been sub- scribed. Many new members were added to the congregation, and a fine spirit of hopefulness was established. Adjoining property was bought in 1924. The pastorates were as follows: ev enter | sc Glatzert, 1907-1913-) Rev oR. Ry Durst21914-1919- Rev. C: B. King, D.D.; 1920-1924; Rev. M. E. Cole, 1924- Slav HSE VANGELICAL BUTE RAN CHURCH EAVES IW ORD re Ay | This congregation was organized by pastors of the Joint Synod of Ohio. At the time of the adoption of a constitution, the question of secret orders raised a sharp point of difference, and members of the congregation began to negotiate with offi- cials of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod for a per- manent pastor. The congregation was admitted to the synod in 1909, and connected with Mt. Olivet Church of Spring Hill-as a mission parish. The Rev. Wilbur C. Mann took charge of the two congregations, October 1, 1909, surrendering Mt. Olivet, September 1, 1921. The corner stone of their church was laid, March 13, 1910, and the building dedicated by Pastor Mann, June 5, 1910. It was a modest little structure, erected at a cost of $4,000, but has been a real church home to increasing num- 324 HISTORY ORAL AEA EYP SRURGH aS Y NOD bers of people, who will soon have the strength to build a greater temple. At the time of the dedication the membership numbered 39, but this was gradually increased to 117, November 1, 1919, when self-support was assumed. This church has been blessed with a number of good laymen, who have rendered large service in the work of the synod. A new site was secured in 1923 at a cost of- $3,600, on which it is proposed to erect a new church. HOLY ERIN TIVO RV ANGE UICAT TUE RANG CpG BRE CEH V LE Werk Ii [5.8 WRG Fens Mission work was begun in this community in the summer of 1906. A canvass revealed the fact that there was an opening for the Lutheran Church, but no suitable place of meeting could be found. An empty room was finally secured in a building erected as a hotel, and here a temporary organization was effect- ed, October 14, 1906. Rev. D. R. Sumstein supplied the mission for a few Sundays, and Doctor George M. Heindel became the first regular pastor, October 28, 1906. Under his leadership the mission developed rapidly, and he was abie to effect a permanent organization, February 3, 1907, with the following members: Adams, Mrs. Lucy H. Frank, Mrs. Louisa Henderson, Mrs. Arabella Arthur, T. A., and wife Frye, Mrs. Nancy Kline, Mrs. Elizabeth Charles, William J. Frye, Oliver Leighley, Chambers M. CharlesweMicer Wie Frye, Mary Leighley, Mrs. C. M. Critchlow, Edward Frye, Anna Petereins, John and wife Critchlow, Mrs. Edward Frye, Edward Schrecker, John Frank Prot. ALG: Henderson, Horace Shellaby, Mrs. Mary The constitution recommended by the General Synod was adopted at this meeting; and the following church officers were elected: W. J. Charles and C. W. Leighley, elders;.John Peter- eins, Oliver Frye, John Schrecker, and Prof. A. G. Frank, dea- cons. A portable chapel was secured for the use of the mission, and forty-five persons were present, April 27, 1907, when it was used for the first time. This chapel was dedicated, May 12, 1907, when Doctors A. J. Turkle, William H. Nicholas, and J. B. Markward assisted the pastor. The congregation was designated as the Young Peoples Mission of the Pittsburgh Synod and sup- ported as such for a number of years. Doctor Heindel resigned, December 1, 1909, and was succeeded by Rev. W. Blair Claney, who served from February 1, 1910, to January 1, 1913. During this pastorate the present church was erected. ‘Two lots’ on Beechview avenue were bought for $2,350, and a neat brick chapel erected at a cost of $13,000. The corner stone was laid, May. 21, 1911, and the church dedicated by Pastor Claney, October 22; 1911. Pastor Claney’s successor was Pastors Week Himes, who served from May 5, 1913, to November 15, 1918. During the latter part of this pastorate the church at Franklin HIS POR YO lhe Pl SBURGHaSY NOD 325 Road was served by Pastor Himes, but this arrangement was given up when it did not work to the advantage of either congre- gation. Rev. William A. Berkey took charge of the parish, January 1, 1919, under whose leadership the debt was gradually paid, the Sunday School room enlarged, and the membership steadily increased to 174 in 1923. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. G. M. Heindel, D.D., 1906-1909; Rev. W. By Claney, 1910-1913; Rew W: K, Himes, 1913-1918 » Rev. Wena Berkey: 1919-. DLeeN DRE W's EVANGELICAD LTULHERRAN CHURCH CARNEGIE, PA. This church was born in the heart of a devoted family, which, 1n order to keep in closer touch with their brethren of the same faith, organized a Sunday School and invited their friends and neighbors to attend. When this school outgrew these pri- vate quarters, Martin’s Hall on the corner of Main street and Broadway was rented, where the missionary superintendent effected a temporary organization, October 15, 1905. From that time to April 1, 1906, regular services were conducted by Pastor W. E. Brown of Crafton. Services were then discontinued be- cause it was no longer possible to rent the hall. The Sunday School was then allowed to meet in the East Carnegie Shawhan School, with the understanding that it should be conducted as a Ht Gimmes: cA OO eae lh é Crafton pastors were al- Sd BSCS ways willing to lend a helpimneh thand ato / this school, and M. E. Studer of the Crafton Church served for a time as the superintendent. The Ulsh family never failed to furnish a large quota of workers. During all this time there was a strong sentiment for the organi- zation» Of | a slutheran Church, but the people were restrained by the lack of a church building. On May 6, 1910, a lot on the corner of Doolittle avenue and John street was deeded by Mr. and 326 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Mrs. H. C. Dunn to Rev. Milton EF. McLinn, acting trustee of St. Andrew’s Church, for a consideration of $600. The Ladies’ Aid Society advanced $100 for the purchase of this property. The corner stone of a frame chapel was laid, June 19, 1910, and the completed church dedicated by Doctor J. E. Bittle, October 2, 1910. The congregation was organized by Doctor Bittle in the unfinished church, July 31, 1910, with 36 members. The cost of the church was $3,400. A charter was obtained, September 13, 1910, which retained the cherished name of the provisional organization of 1905. The first regular pastor of the mission was Rev. W. Roy Goff, who served from November 1, 1910, to December 1, 1911. During the pastorate of Rev. Edwin B. Boyer, the lot adjoining the church was bought for $700, and a good parsonage was built at a cost of $3,700. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. W. R. Goff, 1910-1911; Rev. J. G. Koser, 1912-1914; Rev. N. D. Swank, 1914-1916; Rev. E. B. Boyer, 1916-1920; Rev. MoH “Messner, 192191927) hevenee F. Hildebrand, 1923-1924; Rev. E. F. Dickey, 1924-. EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH OF THE EPLPH ANN PiU S BURG Tria bas The work of establishing this mission church was begun by Rev. Robert G. Rosenbaum in the spring of 1909. A canvass revealed a number of Lutheran families living in the commun- ity, many of whom professed an interest in the establishment of a congregation. The missionary superintendent rented a frame chapel on the corner of Lemington avenue and Montezuma street from the Methodists, and conducted the first service, June 20, 1909, which was attended by 28 persons. Mr. Charles Fuhr took an active part in the organization of the Sunday School, which was effected with twenty scholars. Such were the humble be- ginnings of Epiphany. Student A. T. Michler spent the summer of 1909 in the field, and Student W. A. Fluck the summer of 1910. A preliminary organization was effected, March 23, 1910, when William Johe, Jacob Schwartz, W. C. Thoma, and H. A. Trauger were elected church officers. The Methodist chapel was then bought for $3,500, and here the congregation has wor- shipped to the present day. ‘The Episcopalians shared the chapel with the Lutherans for a time, but their organization failed. The officers of the temporary organization, in conjunction with the missionary superintendent, extended a call to Rev. Ira M. Wallace, Ph.D., and he became the first regular pastor of the mission, October 23, 1910. The formal organization of the church took place, January 8, 1911, when a constitution and by- laws were adopted. ‘Twenty-nine members signed these docu- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 327 ments. A Women’s Missionary Society was organized on the same day with five members. Pastor Wallace served the mission until January 11, 1920, admitting 212 persons to communicant membership. Confident of success, the church was incorporated May 7, 1921, during the pastorate of Rev. I. N. Dundore. Pas- tor Dundore served from June 15, 1920, to July 31, 1922. His successor was Rey. Arthur C. Waldkoenig, who began his work, June 1, 1923. ‘This church is located in a district, in which there is large room for expansion. Many other Lutheran churches of the city have members living within walking distance of the church, and it is believed that they will all be interested in time. A new church site was bought in 1925. The order of the pastor- ates is as follows: Rev. I. M. Wallace, Ph.D., 1910-1920; Rev. I. IN: Dundore, 1920-1922; Rev “A. Co Waldkoenig, 1923-. LUTHER MEMORIAL EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH PEERS BURGER P AL Early in the summer of 1916, the merging of the Friend- ship avenue and Fourth Presbyterian churches of the city placed the property of the latter on the market. This church was lo- cated in the Shadyside district, where the need of a Lutheran congregation had long been felt. A committee of the Advisory Board of Home Missions inspected the property and advised its purchase. A canvass of the community supported these views, and the first service was conducted by Doctor A. } Rug hes J. Turkle and Doctor G. ! ao Wepebnolam es iiune) 18; ae 1916. Rev. Frank Edwin Smith was called by the Board as the first mis- sionary, and began his work, July 1, 1916. Ves- pers and an afternoon Sunday School were con- ducted until September 24, 1916, when Doctor J. E. Bittle organized the congregation with 104 members. Pastor Smith was then given a formal call. The church was re- : mo dedicated: “by: Pastor Fo SI ee ae Sites Neher eae 1 O17, ye ee w henie LD. 6.ct Our Gey Ws ’ 328 HISTORY OF DHE PPT ISBURGH SYNOD Englar preached the dedicatory sermon. On their first anni- versary the congregation raised $8,000 of the $12,000 needed to purchase the property. Under the leadership of their pastor they steadily increased in strength, until self-support was reached with a membership of 280 in 1924. ; oD. JOHN'S sEVANGHIICAT LU LEHR AN, Git RGis GUASSPOR EPA! This mission was organized by the missionary superinten- dent of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, March 10, 1910, with twenty-one members. The oversight of the new church was assigned to Doctor T. A. Himes, in connection with his work as pastor of Trinity, McKeesport. Doctor Himes ceased his work in the mission, September 1, 1910, and was suc- ceeded by Rev. U. A. Guss, who also served the mission in con- nection with McKeesport Parish, 1911-1912. The first resident and regularly elected pastor of St. John’s was Rev. Andrew C. Curran, who began his pastorate, August 1, 1912, serving the congregation in connection with Elrama. ‘The church and par- sonage of the United Evangelicals, corner of Vermont and Seventh streets, was bought for $4,800 in 1912. This was con- sidered a good purchase, and the congregation raised a fund of $650, with which the property was put in first class condition. This church was used for the first time, October 13, 1912. A pipe organ was secured from Trinity Church, Connellsville. New chancel furnishings were dedicated by Pastor Curran, De- cember 15, 1914. The congregation has gradually increased in membership, and was able to report 115 communicants in 1923. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. T. A. Himes, D.D:, 1910; Rev. U. A. Guss) J91LIZI9I2 =. Reva Agee Curran, 1912-1919; Rev. S. K. Herbster, 1920-. TRIN VR VAN GIS IGA DU ASE RAINS GEpGRG Et COATT ON ERAS On January 1, 1922, the towns of Clairton, North Clairton, Wilson, Large, and Blair, united to form the third class city of Clairton. General Synod and General Council workers looked over this field in 1900, but were not able to establish a permanent organization, largely because of the high percentage of foreign- speaking peoples in the new population. When the Carnegie Steel Company built the new town adjoining Wilson, a number of Lutherans moved in who were ready for the organization of a church. Doctor Bittle visited them in the summer of 1920, and made arrangements for Student Walter Winner to conduct a mea ORV tebe to bUoRGH SYNOD 329 canvass. A protest was made against this can- vass by the Swedish pas- tor of Duquesne, who had been holding services for a number of Luther- an Swedes in the Presby- terian Church of Wilson. This protest was finally withdrawn, and Student David E. Maxwell was sent into the field. Trin- ity Church was organized by the missionary super- intendent with 21 mem- Derare Ulva le Dut the charter list was kept open until October 9, 1921, when 45 names were enrolled. The char- ter was secured in July, 1922. Student Oscar Carlson supplied the mission during the winter of 1921-1922, and Rev. D. E. Maxwell took full chatee of the parish as the first regular pastor, Jjunel22; 1922," Lhe mis- sionary appropriation for the first year was $1,000. The first church officers were William Young, F. K. Porter, Howard Emigh, Walter Bockstoce, Joseph Cruthers, F. J. Falkner, W. W. Zerbe, and Robert Dowie. The first superintendent of the Sunday School was W. W. Zerbe. One of the best church sites in the city was then bought for the mission by the Advisory Board for $2,575, and here a portable chapel was set up by vol- untary workers. The chapel was used for the first time, Decem- ber 25, 1921. When Pastor Maxwell resigned, October 1, 1925, he could report 109 confirmed members and a Sunday School of 108 scholars. _ A hee aa PACT es } a CHAPTER X CHURCHES OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY 1796-1924 “Other men laboured, and ye are entered into their labours.” ae RMSTRONG COUNTY derives its name from ony Colonel John Armstrong, who destroyed the = \ old Indian village of Kittanning in 1756. It has 2 been the banner county of the Lutheran Church in western Pennsylvania for many years, ranking first in percentage of Lutherans among the church-going population. Many of the first settlers of the county, 1786-1816, were German farmers of Lutheran faith. The greater part of the German pioneers settled in Allegheny, Kittanning, South Buffalo, Plum Creek, and Sugar Creek townships, centralizing in the first two. The first Lutheran pastor to preach in the county was Rev. John M. Steck of Greensburg, who made annual visits to some of the stronger settlements from 1796 to 1815. These services were held in private homes and barns, and some- times in groves, when the audience was large and the weather favorable. Succeeding pioneer pastors were Rev. John Gottfried am nLechiam lolol lommRey beter Ruperts 1614") Revs John Adam Mohler, 1817-1823; Rev. Karl M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825; and Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert, 1822-1837. The last named was a true Bishop, rendering the same service to the scattered Lu- therans of Armstrong County that Rev. John M. Steck gave to those of Westmoreland. He spent the greater part of his time in the field, counselling the people in their homes, baptizing and confirming their children, organizing congregations, and preach- ing three or four times every week for a period of fifteen years. His private diaries are of incalculable value in determining the early history of these churches. Armstrong County was the chief battle ground of the Pittsburgh Synod during the synodical controversy, and only a false history would fail to make this plain. The struggle between the contending parties for the con- trol of the county was intense. At the time of the synodical merger in 1919, their relative strength in confirmed members was as follows: 332 HISTORY OF TRHEAPLE PS BURGH SYNOD GENERAL SYNOD GENERAL COUNCIL Manorville, Graces ta eee ee ee 286 Burrek * Church, St). Michael’ss 170 Manorville, Christ ........ 220 ee Dtick, Chunchs St...) On sts eee eee 50 Manorville, Emmanuel Kittannincs ote =) onnss ae 497 Leechburg, Hebron .... .6 eechburent First $haie 4.2 tee ee eee 584 Leechburg, Grace ............ OLeSs SAZHOI hc eee cree acs ee re ee 145 APolloAirst Ue wae ee eat ee, beens 525 Borks? Sti t Paul's: (1.28 eee 120 Freeport ae HE nitante)line: eye ee 191 Freeport, Zionk German... ee 36 Bidertongmot. 0 aCo DiS =e. a eee eee 88 Breeport, Ste alohn's ae...0s co = eS 65 Bidertonta Caristy gente ten ee eee a eee 73 Hresportyp ot. muvlatthe vw Smee nanan 45 EidertonwivMiounts Unione eee 153 Hord® Cityeots) Ohms ease eee 65 Plame. Creek Stag) Onn (sie eee 116 Wayne Township, Jerusalem ................... 70 Worthington ot)siViank¢cpeen ees aes 222 Worthing toni, Churches ae ee 198 Chicora yah teak leasanit: ech: ee eee. 130 Roekvilles St. (Matthe wasn ae oe ee 125 Bethel? Church vee cseet ee eee oe ee cae 124 Springs. ChutrChiggne ss aeasoe hte eee ees 85 Mavyiswille= Chute hike eee ee ee ie 153 Hddy ville Steeilarkas ts, pers se ee 25 Rural eV alleys shinstae oes eee ee 57 Ruralsy alley Piledsante Unions. 51 Kittannine aboraa attics eet eee 201 Kellersbaure.e Sales ne eee 36 As soon as the merger plans of the two synods were clearly defined, congregational mergers were effected in Kittanning and Freeport, and rural parishes readjusted to suit the new condi- tions. In 1921 there were 32 churches in Armstrong County belonging to the Pittsburgh Synod, and one church belonging to the Ohio Synod. All services in these churches, with a single exception, were then conducted in the English language. CHRIST EVANGELICAT GLU GER RAN CHUiG@ i KITTANNING TOWNSHIP, ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA. About the year 1760, the widow of Ulrich Rupp with her two children, Franz and Christina, emigrated from Germany to America. After a residence of twelve years in Lehigh County, Franz and Christina (now the wife of Christopher Uhrig) were found among the pioneers of Westmoreland near Greensburg. In 1774 the names of ‘Frantz Raupp” and “Stofel Uhrig” are found attached to the historic Fort Allen petition, asking for more adequate protection against the Indians. ‘Two years later Frantz enlisted in the American army, serving in the Fort Pitt garrison until the close of the war. In company with Christopher Uhrig he took up a large tract of land in Kittanning Township in the year 1786. On a portion of this land, patented by Christopher Uhrig, July 31, 1786, a cemetery was laid out; and in this cemetery a log building, known as the “German Meeting House”, was built in 1796. This was undoubtedly the first Lu- theran church built within the confines of Armstrong County. The first service in this log church was conducted by Rev. John M. Steck, who was deeply interested in this undertaking of his two former parishioners. From 1796 to 1813, this pastor made annual visits to the Rupp settlement and ministered to the people HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 333 in word and sacrament. The deed for this land was formally executed, June 15, 1814, when Christopher Oury and his wife, for a consideration of $100, conveyed a plot of five and a quarter acres to George Williams and Henry Schrecongost, acting trustees for> the German Meeting House. Frantz Rupp died, De- cember 28, 1817, and his body was laid to rest in Liege Call cue: Ve Or, the church that has born his name to the present day. Other men, prominent in the early history of the church, were Conrad Schrecongost, Peter Heilman, Daniel Heilman, Martin Blose, Adam Ohlinger, Daniel Bautsch, David Fitzgerald, and George Williams. It was organized as a union church, in which Re- formed and Lutherans had an equal share; but the Lutheran ele- ment was much the stronger, and the Reformed families were, absorbed at an early date. In 1813 they were visited by Rev. John Gottfried Lamprecht, who served as their pastor for two years. A second and better log church was built during his min- istry. In 1817 the congregation joined with three others in pe- titioning the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a pastor, and Rev. John Adam Mohler served them from 1817 to 1823. Rev. David Earhart says of him: “Though his preaching was fair and his musical talent such that he frequently taught singing school, it was commonly reported that, because of improper conduct, he lost the confidence of the people and then his charge also. He afterwards preached for the Methodists in the state of Indiana’’. Rev. Karl M. Zeilfels, a man of similar character, preached for them during the years 1824 and 1824. It was said that he col- lected a considerable sum for a new church, put the money in his own pocket and left the community. Very little is known of his later life, except that he became the pastor of some independent churches in Ohio. The next pastor was Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert; a thorough German, a true Lutheran and.a man of God. His private diary indicates that he became pastor of the congregation, October 14, 1825. For some time previous to this, he was pastor of neighboring churches, and able to preach occa- PASTOR GABRIEL ADAM REICHERT HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 335 sionally at Rupp’s. From October 14, 1825, to December 25, 1837, he served them regularly every four weeks, preaching in German, except for an occasional English sermon during the last four years of his pastorate. In his private diary he always refers to this church as “Williams”, probably because he sometimes preached at the home of George Williams Sr. In 1830 Konrad Schrecongost and George Wild were the elders, and George Forster and John Krevener the deacons. From 1829 to 1834, he administered the sacrament of the altar to the following persons in this church: Schrecengost, Daniel Schrecengost, Anna Maria Schrecengost, Hannah Schrecengost, Susan Schrecengost, Sybilla Schrecengost, Margaret Schrecengost, Heinrich Segerter, Jacob Segerter, Kathrina Stiebesand, Tobias Stiebesand, Elizabeth Stiebesand, Sarah Stiebesand, Barbara Heilmann, Friedrich Heilmann, George Heilmann, Margaret Heilmann, Eva Koremann, John George Koremann, Anna Barbara Koremann, George Krevener, John Krevener, Maria Krevener, Polly Lagemann, Alfred Lagemann, Sarah Mechling, Michael, Sr. Bauer, Barbara Bautsch, Daniel Bautsch, Rachel Bautsch, Jacob Bautsch, Anna Katharina Bautsch,Elias Bautsch, John Bautsch, Elizabeth Bautsch, George Bautsch, Anna Katharina Bautsch, Sarah Buechle, Katharina Blainey, Heinrich Eisemann, Jacob Eisemann, Maria Forster, George Forster, Katharina Forster, Adam Forster, Daniel Hartmann, Michael Hartmann, Elizabeth Hartmann, Katharina Hartmann, Michael, Jr. Hartmann, Heinrich Hartmann, Margaret Hartmann, Magdalena Heilmann, Daniel Heilmann, Elizabeth Heilmann, Lydia Heilmann, Danial, Jr. Heilmann, Susanna Mechling, Anna Maria Mechling, Hannah Ohlinger, David Ohlinger, Anna Maria Ohlinger, John Nicolaus Ohlinger, George Ohlinger, Anna Pleny, Hannah Reichert, Gabriel Adam Reichert, Lydia Richard, Joseph Rupp, Maria Magdalena Rupp, Elizabeth Schmelzer, George Schneider, Heinrich Schneider, Elizabeth Schmidt, Johann Schmidt, Lydia Stitt, John Stitt, Elizabeth Torney, Simon Torney, Polly Torney, Maria Wagemann, Susanna Wild, George Wild, Mrs. Margaret Wild, Margaretha Williams, George Williams, Margaret Williams, John Wililams, Samuel Williams, Hannah William Maria Magdalena Wililams, Margaretha (2) Williard, Elizabeth Wolf, Jacob Heilmann, Solomon Schrecengost, Konrad Wolf, Eva Heilmann, Hannah Schrecengost, . Benjamin Wolf, John Heilmann, Rachel Schrecengost, Susanna Wolf, Isaac Heilmann, Jacob Schrecengost; Elizabeth Wolf, George Yund, Heinrich Yund, Lydia Yund, Jonathan Yund, Margaret Schrecengost, Peter Schrecengost, Polly Schrecengost, Christoph. Schrecengost, Barbara Heilmann, Solomon, Jr. Heilmann, John Heilmann, Barbara Heilmann, Jacob, Jr. Pastor Reichert’s successor was Rev. John H. Bernheim, who resided at Elderton and served the congregation from 1838 to 1845. In the summer of 1845 Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld became their pastor, and served them faithfully for thirteen years. Dur- ing his pastorate the English language practically displaced the German, and the old log church was replaced by one built of frame. The corner stone was laid, September 9, 1851, and the church dedicated, December 2, 1852. Two weeks after the dedi- cation, the church caught fire in some way and burned to the eround. The discouraged people rallied to the call of their pas- tor, and the corner stone of a new and better church was laid, July 7, 1854. This church was dedicated some time during the 336 HISTORY (OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD following winter. ‘The church was regularly incorporated under the name, “Christ Evangelical Lutheran Church of Kittanning Township”, December 16, 1853. Pastor Ehrenfeld’s successor was Rey. John A. Earnest, who preached his first sermon in this church, October 23, 1859. Four days later, the church councils of Kittanning, Heilmann’s, and Rupp’s met and organized Kut- tanning Parish. Rev. Earnest was called at a salary of $400, one-fourth of which was paid by the Home Mission Committee. After four years the new parish became self-supporting. Dur- ing this pastorate the General Council controversy broke out in Armstrong County; when Kittanning supported the General Council, and the two rural churches the General Synod. ‘The position of the pastor was very trying; but he finally cast his lot with the General Synod forces. One of the notable pastorates was that of Rev. J. W. Tressler, 1886-1899, during which a sub- stantial brick church was built at a cost of $7,000. This church was dedicated, May 30, 1897, when pastors of the General Council and General Synod had a part. Although located in a farming community Christ Church has lost little or none of her strength. A list of pastors follows: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1796-1813; Rev. J. G .Lamprecht, 1813-1815; Rev] “My SteckSlcls-icin: Rev. J. A. Mohler, 1817-1823; Rev. K. M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1825-1837; Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1838- 1845; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1845-1859; Rev. J. A. Earnest, 1859-1869; Rev. J. B. Miller, 1870-1871; Rev. A. S. Miller, 1872- 1877; Rev. G. W. Leisher, 1877-1885; Rev. J. W. Tressler, 1886- 1899; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1900-1909; Rev. J. G. Langham, 1910-. SD. MICHAELS EVANGELICAL LULHE RAN SCE UGH BRIQGKSGC EUR CG Lee EAs Near the close of the 18th century, a number of German families from Northampton County took up lands in this vicin- ity. ‘These families were closely related by marriage, and form- eed a compact community in the midst of which St. Michael’s Church was born. When Pastor John M. Steck made his visits to the Rupp settlement, he always stopped at Schaeffer’s or Hel- ferich’s for a service, and for this reason the congregation was known as’ Helferichs’ Sor Schaeffer's before it) was calleds ot Michael’s. The date of these first services cannot be definitely stated, but it was likely in the summer of 1800. For the first few years the only organization effected was that which the united families naturally provided, but they were formally organ- ized by Pastor Steck in 1806, with the following families: Davis, Henry Helferich, John George Scholl, Michael, Sr. Hartman, Philip Koenig, George Adam Waltenbach, Jacob Heffelfinger, William Schaeffer, George Peter Wegele, Isaac, Sr. George, Jacob, Jr. Schaeffer, John Philip Wilhelm, Adam HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 337 The oldest record bears date of July 19, 1807, when Daniel Schrecongost was baptized. The first recorded communion was held, June 10, 1810, when forty persons received the sacrament. Their first church was a rude log structure, built on a command- ing knoll of the George Peter Schaeffer farm about the year 1820. For ten years the congregation worshipped here and laid their dead in the adjoining cemetery, with no title to the ground save that which the honor of the donor assured. On August 25, 1830, he conveyed five acres and eight perches of ground to the trustees of “The German Evangelical Lutheran and the German Reformed congregations in the vicinity of Crooked Creek, in Kittanning, Allegheny, and Plum Creek Townships’, for one dollar. The church was dedicated as St. Michael’s, September 16, 1832, Pastors G. A. Reichert and M. J. Steck serving for the Lutherans, and Pastor N. P. Hacke for the Reformed. ‘The site of this old church is marked by a sun dial monument, which was dedicated by Pastor R. W. Yeany, Septernber.15, 1920. There were but few Reformed in this parish at the beginning, and they were soon absorbed. In order that more regular services might be secured, St. Michael’s united with three other churches of the county in a petition to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a pastor in 1817. Their call was answered by Rev. John Adam Mohler, who served them from 1817 to 1823. Pastor G. A. Reichert supplied them a few times during the summer of 1823, but their next regular pastor was Rev. Karl M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825. The man to whom the congregation 1s chiefly indebted for its firm establishment was Pastor G. A. Reichert, who served them with great devotion from 1825 to 1837. The sacrament of the altar was administer- ed once a year, and the following persons communed. during the years, 1830-1832: Beck, Katharina Davis, Elizabetha Davis, Jacob Koenig, George Koenig, Elias Koenig, Sara Schaeffer, John Philip Schaeffer, Anton Schaeffer, Magdalena Dormaier, Joseph Dormaier, Maria Ginnert, Isaac Hartz, Jacob Haushalter, David Haushalter, Lydia Heffelfinger, Johann Helferich, George Helferich, Elizabetha Helferich, Anton Helferich, Magdalena Helferich, Maria Henke, Jacob Henke, Katharina Henke, Lydia Henke, Anna M. Henke, Susanna Koenig, Solomon (2) Koenig, Esther Koenig, John Koenig, Maria Anna Koenig, Isaac Koenig, Susanna (2) Miller, Heinrich Miller, Elizabetha Miller, Katharina Ohlinger, Susanna Raab, John Raab, Maria Raab, Daniel Raab, Elizabetha Raab, Sally Richard, John Richard, Katharina Rupert, Elizabetha Rupert, Peter (2) Rupert, Susanna Rupert, Friedrich Rupert, Andreas Schaeffer, George Peter Schaeffer, Maria Schaeffer, Margaretha Schaeffer, Susanna Schaeffer, Sally Schaeffer, Isaac Schaeffer, Elizabetha Schaeffer, Frederich Schaetfer, George Schaeffer, Philip (2) Schaeffer, Barbara Schatz, Peter Schatz, Anna (2) Scheury, Daniel Scheury, Elizabetha Scheury, Johannes Schiesle, John Schiesle, Magdalena Schmidt, Anna Maria Scholl, Michael Scholl, Katharina Scholl, Johann Scholl, Elizabetha Scholl, Daniel Scholl, Daniel Scholl, Simon Scholl, Sally 338 HISTORYSOR’ TEE PLELSBURGCHS SYNOD Schott, Johann Waltenbach, George Woodseidt, Nathan Schott, Katharina Waltenbach, Margaretha Woodseidt, Esther Schrecongost, Anna M. Wegele, John and George Zerfass, Barbara The successors of Pastor Reichert were Pastor J. H. Bern- heim, 1838-1846, and Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1846-1851. The next pastor was Rev. David Earhart, who preached only in English, so that Rev. Michael Schweigert also served them in German. At this time the need of a new church became appar- ent, but old associations were such that it was not easy to relo- cate. Anthony Helferich finally agreed to donate ground, and this was accepted. An additional two acres were bought from King Woodward. ‘The corner stone of a brick church was laid, September 4, 1852, and the building dedicated, October 23, 1853. This church was demolished by a storm, July 29, 1860, but a larger church was dedicated by Pastor David McKee, July 29, 1861. ‘Twice in later years the western end of the church was damaged by heavy storms, April 12, 1880, and May 29, 1899, but in both cases was quickly repaired. The congregation was little effected by the synodical controversy, since there was pro- nounced unity of sentiment in favor of the General Council. A parsonage was built in 1873 on ground secured from Mr. Art- man. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. J. M. steck;, 1800-1313; Rév. JoG, Lamprecht 1813-13 lsseRev aaa Mohler, 1817-1823; Rev. K. M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1825-1837; Rev. J. H. Bernbeim, 1838-1846; Rev. G. IF. Ehrenfeld, 1846-1851; Rev. David Earhart, 1851-1860; Rev. M. Schweigert (German), 1851-1860; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1860- 1861; Rev. David McKee, 1861-1866; Rev. G. A. Reichert (sec- ond term), 1866-1867; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1868-1872; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1873-1877; Rev. W. A. C. Mueller, 1878-1881 ; Rev. David Earhart (second term), 1882-1887; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1887-1892; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1892-1901 ;-Rev. Wil- son, Yeisley, 1902-1910: "Revie J. Ne Wetzler = DD sO ios Rev. R:-W. ‘Yeany) 1918-1920] Revi Gr W > WeAmick1921= ST. MATTHEW’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SOUTH BUFFALO. TWP. ARMSTRONG COUNTY spas This is one of the venerable churches of the county, but its beginnings are obscure. ‘The Bests, Eisemanns and others settled here before the close of the 18th century, and tradition says that Rev. J. M. Steck preached in the Fisemann home from 1800 to 1817. Rev. J. A. Mohler was pastor from 1817 to 1823, and the records of the Ohio Synod prove that Rev. K. M. Zeilfels was pastor from 1824 to 1825. The diary of Pastor G. A. Reichert shows that he conducted services here, 1825-1832, and that the following attended a communion service, December 24, 1829: HISTORY VOREHEePELCTSBURGH SYNOD 339 Acker, Elizabetha Buhl, Elizabetha Hollebach, Georg Becker, Johannes Buhl, Lydia Hollebach, Barbara Best, Nicolaus Eisemann, Nicolaus Maier, Nicolaus Best, Maria Katharina Eisemann, Katharina Otterman, Elizabeth Best, Georg Eisemann, Georg Schiesle, John and wife Bricker, Elizabetha Gartner, Fred and wife Schlegenhaupt, Anna M. The oldest church record was opened, April 12, 1843, when services were conducted in German. The first English services were conducted by Pastor David Earhart, May 11, 1844, but the demand for English was so strong that it displaced the German, December 25, 1845. By this time the old log church of the fathers had become too small, and a new frame church was built near George Eiseman’s for $250. This building was used in an unfinished state for some time, not being dedicated until May 5, 1850. In 1868 it was decided to abandon this “Blue Slate Church”, and locate nearer Freeport. In harmony with this the corner stone of their third church was laid, June 29, 1878, and the building dedicated by Pastor Kitzmiller, November 3, 1878. It was built of frame, 33x49, at a cost of $1,620. A charter was secured, December 6, 1847. It has been a part of Freeport Par- ish since 1852. This congregation suffered as severely from the synodical controversy as Freeport. Sentiment was sharply di- vided, even in the same families, and deep bitterness developed. Supporters of the General Council under the leadership of Pastor J. K. Melhorn held the property, and the General Synod party withdrew and organized a second St. Matthew’s, holding services in the Presbyterian Church. The new congregation was served by the General Synod pastors of Freeport until 1880, when the remnant united with Emmanuel Church. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1800-1817; Rev. J. A. Mohler, 1817-1823; Rev. K. M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1825-1832; Rev. J. H. Hohnholz, 1833-1835; Rev. G. A. Reichert (supply), 1835-1837; Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1838-1842; Rev. John Esensee (German), 1843-1845; Rev. Henry Esensee (German), 1845; Rev. David Earhart (English), 1844-1852; Rev. L. M. Kuhns, 1852-1857; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1857-1861; Rev. J. H. Brown, 1861-1865; Rev. J. K. Melhorn, LoOomG ib ikem Am htmilerwelo Ala loale PRevi eh wis. Shanor, 1882-1889; Rev. J. K. Melhorn (second term), 1889- 1895: Rev. W. O. Laub, 1896-1904; Rev. C. E. Dozer, 1905- 1908; Rev. R. W. Yeany, 1908-1910; Rev. Herbert Martens, 1911-1918; Rev. Daniel Ketterman (supply), 1919; Rev. H. A. Rinarua oo O20 eRevei wogeeiicsh O21 1022 .nRey, 3. G: Dornblaser, D.D., 1922-. 340 HISTORY OF DHESPITMISBURGCH SYNOD ZION’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH GILPIN TOWNSHIP, ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA. This church is located in that section of the country enclosed by the forks of the Allegheny and Kiskiminetas rivers, and for that reason is commonly called the Forks Church. Many of the pioneers of this region were (efmanso tieonn Westmoreland County, who took up their lands at the beginning of the century. John Hill came to this community in 1812, and his house and barn furnished the first meeting places for his Lutheran _ neighbors. While Pastor John M. Steck was deeply inter- ested in the spiritual wel- fare of these people, it is not believed that he made any attempt to effect an organization here, for the reason that the chil- dren of John Hill were baptized in the Klingen- smith Church as late as 1816. “The Rev. John Adam Mohler — preached at Hill’s from 1817 to 1823, and organized the congre- gation at the beginning of his pastorate. This pastor gave too much attention to his singing schools, and eventually lost the confidence of his people. The dates given by Rev. David Ear- hart are incorrect, as the records of the Ohio Synod prove. The Forks company was probably one of the four “congregations”, which petitioned the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a pastor in 1817. When Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert took charge of the congregation in 1824, he found a satisfactory organization. It was his custom to preach every four weeks at Klingensmith’s and Forks on the same Sunday, and he rarely missed an engage- ment. Catechetical instruction was given every two or three years, when large classes of adults and children would be con- firmed. Few of his confirmants were younger than fourteen, and his methods of teaching were always thorough. ‘The first class of which we have any record was confirmed, April 11, 1830. Communion services were held regularly once a year. At the five communions, 1829-1833, the following persons communed : HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 341 Alshaus, John Kistler, Elizabetha Miller, Johannes Alshaus, Magdalena Klingenschmidt, Peter Miller Sara Alshaus, John, Jr. Klingenschmidt, Katharina Richard, Jacob and Anna Alshaus, Polly Klingenschmidt, John Riegel, David Alshaus, Samuel Klingenschmidt, Susanna Riegel, Sara Becker, Jacob Klingenschmidt, Nicolaus Schaeffer, Peter Becker, Elizabetha Klingenschmidt, Polly Schaeffer, Anna. Crawford, Levi Klingenschmidt,, Johannes Schaeffer, Jacob Crawford Elizabetha Klingenschmidt, Katharina (2)Schaeffer, Susanna Heckman, Philip Klingenschmidt, Heinrich Schaeffer, Maria Heckman, Esther Klingenschmidt, Fannie Schaeffer, Fannie Heckman, Lewis Klingenschmidt, Adam Schaeffer, Anna Maria Heckman, John Klingenschmidt, Christina Schiesle, Andreas Heckman, Katharina’ Klingenschmidt, John (2) Schiesle, Sara Heckman, Elizabetha Klingenschmidt, Maria Schittler, Elizabetha Heckman, Barbara Klingenschmidt, Elizabetha Schub, Jacob Hill, John Klingenschmidt, Georg Schub, Magdalena Hill, Susanna Klingenschmidt, Joseph Schub, Johannes Hill, Jacob Kuhns, David Schub, Polly Hill, Hannah Kuhns, Esther Schub, Christina Highfield, Sally Kuhns, Daniel Schub, Margaretha Kiefer, Daniel Kunkel, Margaretha Stitt, Polly Kiefer, Katharina Maier, Maria Wannemacher, Heinrich Kistler Maier, Elizabetha Wannemacher, Susanna After the resignation of Pastor Reichert it appears that Pastor Michael J. Steck served the congregation for some time during the years 1837 and 1838. The Hill family is still in possession of the little hammer, which he carried in his saddle bag for the purpose of cleaning the hoofs of his horse while travelling over the winter roads. One of the Hill children was given a pet dog named “Guess.’”’ When Pastor Steck visited the family and asked the name of the little dog, he was kept guess- ing for some time before he discovered the joke. Rev. John Herman Bernheim served the congregation, 1838-1844, and opened the first church record of Zion, July 29, 1838, with the baptism of Joseph Klingensmith. No family name is more widely represented among the Lutheran families of the synod than that of Klingensmith. Pastor Bernheim persuaded the con- gregation to build their first church in 1842. The ground was secured from John Turney. The corner stone was laid, May 16, and the church dedicated, September 18, 1842. A new constitu- tion was adopted, August 9, 1842, but a charter was not secured until 1850. When Pastor Bernheim resigned in 1844, the congre- gation was divided into German and English parts, Pastor Henry Esensee serving the Germans, and Pastor David Earhart the English. Both pastors remained until 1851, when Pastor Esen- see was deposed and Pastor Earhart resigned. Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld ministered in both German and English from 1851 to 1864, Pastor G. A. Reichert assisting in the German services from 1856 to 1859. Even as late as 1860 a majority of the con- gregation preferred the German language. The frame church of 1842 served as a place of worship for nearly fifty years. The corner stone of the second church was laid in 1890, and dedicated by Pastor J. K. Melhorn some time in 1891. This church was destroyed by fire, February 5, 1905, and a better building erected in its place, at a cost of $5,000. Ground was donated by Mr. and 342 HISTORYGOR TEESE RDS BURGHSSYNOD Mrs. John C. Schaffer in 1903, on which a parsonage was built in 1905. On January 3, 1882, five acres of ground were bought from Philip Turney and added to the cemetery. Within this cemetery lie the bodies of Pastors George F. Ehrenfeld, Henry Esensee, and J. G. Blyholder. The last named had not yet been ordained. Zion Church suffered severely during the synodical controversy, and the people of the community do not like to speak of it. A majority favored the General Council, but some of the strongest families withdrew and united with Hebron Church of Leechburg because of it. The parish relations of Zion have been many and varied. She has belonged to the Leechburg, Crooked Creek, and Freeport Parishes. For a long time Zion and St. Paul’s formed the Forks Parish, to which Bethel was added after the synodical merger in 1920. The pastors served in the following order: (Reva jJavAy Mohler 1317-18237. Reve me Zeilfels, 1824-1825; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1825-1837; Rev. M. J. Steck, 1837-1838; Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1838-1844; Rev. Henry Esensee (German), 1844-1851; Rev. David Earhart (English), 1844-1851; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1851-1864; Rev. G. A. Reichert (German), 1855-1859; Rev. L. M. Kuhns, 1865; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1866-1868; Supplies, 1868-1873; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1873-1877; Rev. W. A. C. Mueller, 1878-1881; Rev. Jonathan Sarver (second term), 1881-1883; Rev. W. J. Miller, 1883-1889; Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1889-1895; Rev. W. O. Laub, 1896-1901; Rev. W. A. Billheimer, 1901-1903; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1903-1907; Rev. J. H. Young, 1908-1910; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1911- 1916; Rev. D. K. Fetterly, 1918-1925; Rev. G. J. Baisler, 1925-. ST. JOHN'S: EVANGELICAL, LU DEERAN CEU RG EE BE CNE GRE Theses This church is located on the border of two counties, the church being in Armstrong and. part .of the land in Indiana: Pennsylvania Germans settled in Mahoning Township, Indiana County, as early as 1810, but were too widely scattered to attempt the building of a church. Pastor Reichert soon learned of them- after coming to Indiana, and held a service for them, November 24, 1922. His second service here was held, December .22, 1822, when he baptized five children of Daniel Schardel and organized Mahoning Church. Peter Huber and _ Friedrich Sprankle were installed as elders, and Jacob Mockel and Daniel Schardel as deacons. While Pastor Reichert lived in Indiana, Mahoning was one of his regular appointments. When he re- moved to Kittanning, the church had to be content with services every two months. ‘These services were held in private homes and sometimes in Philip Bricker’s barn. After a time Pastor Fiisd OR YOU sa Ea PirrSBURGEH SYNOD 343 Reichert reduced his work here to an occasional visit. In 1831 the church was reported to the West Pennsylvania Synod as vacant. In 1832 a half-acre lot was secured from Philip Bricker, and a plain log building was erected, which they called Union Church. This building was raised and roofed in 1833, but for some reason was not completed until 1835. On December 1, 1833, Pastor Reichert administered communion in this unfinished church to 47 persons, of whom 25 were confirmed the previous day. The names of the communicants were: Bricker, Philip Huber, Christian Ruf, Polly Bricker, Polly Huber, Barbara Scholl, James Buecele, Johannes Huber, John Scholl, Elizabetha Buecele, Elizabetha Huber, Susanna Wiemer, Andreas Buecele, Rachel Huber, Samuel Wiemer, Elizabetha Green, Ezekiel Huber, George Wiemer, Elizabetha (2) Green, Joseph Huber, Sally Wiemer, Margaretha Green, Polly Huber, Christian, Jr. Wiemer, George Green, Penina Huber, Polly Wiemer, Maria Green, Susanna Huber, Margaretha Wiemer, Jacob Hermann, John Huber, Maria Weizel, Jonathan Hermann, Andreas Karr, Katharina Weizel, Sally Hermann, Peter Repine, Jacob Weizel, Elizabetha Hinman, Sally Repine, Katharina Weizel, Philip Holerberg, Samuel Rui, Jacob Weizel, Magdalena Holerberg, Katharina Ruf, Katharina The ages of the confirmants ranged from 17 to 49, indicat- ing that little had been done to cultivate the field prior to that time. This service was held in English, and people came for miles to enjoy it. Pastor Reichert resigned in 1837, and Pastor Jacob Medtart took charge in March, 1838. The new pastor was a good English preacher, and the church prospered under his ministry. From 1838 to 1846 the church was a part of Indiana Parish; from 1846 to 1883 of Smicksburg Parish; from 1883 to 1892 of Grove Chapel Parish; from 1892 to 1897 of Elderton Parish; from 1897 to 1920 of Harmony Grove Parish; since 1920 of the Sagamore Parish. The old log church served the congregation until 1861, when enlargement became necessary. The corner stone of a new church was laid, August 3, 1861, and the building dedicated by Pastor C. L. Streamer, November 2, 1862, under the name St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church. Built at a cost of $2,000, and renovated at an expense of $400 in 1913, it still serves as an acceptable place of worship. About the year 1896 the people began to dispose of their coal, and this led to the removal of many of the best families of the parish. Pastor M. L. Schumucker understood the import of this change, and endeavored to persuade them to rebuild their church in Sagamore, so as to provide a church home for the miners of that town, but his counsel was rejected. The result was that the membership of St. John’s gradually declined from 182 in 1900 to 45 in 1924. The Lutheran interests of Sagamore were finally taken care of by a separate organization. The following is a consectitive list of pastorates: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1822-1837: 344 HISTORY OF THE PrDESBURGH SYNOD Rev. Jacob Medtart, 1838-1843; Rev. Henry Bishop, 1843-1846; Rev. A. C. Trenteld: 1847- 1849: Rev. G. M. Pile, 1851-1852; Rev. F. A. Barnitz, 1852-1854; Rev: Christian Dick 1855- 1859: Rev. sin Streamer, assistant, 1858-1859; Rev. C. L. Streamer, 1859-1869; Rev. P. s Hooper, 18/2 * Revs G. A. Lee, 1872-1874 - Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1874-1879; Rev. Ephraim Miller, D.D., 1879- 1881; Rev. J. T. Gladhill, 1882-1883 ; Rev. Amos Sell, 1884-1885 ; Rev. Reuben Smith, 1886-1890; Rev. J. W. Hutchison, 1890- 1892; Rev. William Hesse, D.D., 1893-1897; Rev. M. L. Schmucker, 1897-1908; Rev. D. W. Lecrone, 1908-1912; Rev. G.' O. Ritter, 1913-1915; Revwiib. Eb. Dickey, 1917-L920 sees J. EF. MacDonald, 1920-1925. : Sly JACOB'S EVANGEDICAT UTHER AN *CEUIKt SOW TEE HN) MRA In 1817 Jacob Frantz of Westmoreland County came to this vicinity and bought the land and grist mill of Charles Campbell. Pastor John M. Steck of Greensburg followed his parishioner and held German services in this mill during the same year. In 1822 Jacob Frantz donated two acres of ground to the Reformed and Lutherans for church and burial purposes, to which was later added one-half acre by purchase from the Hart heirs. Be- fore the Frantz land was legally conveyed, the donor died; but John Frantz carried out the wishes of his father and executed the deed. The first body i ) laid to rest in this burial Ne : + ground was that of John se Ns hee al Allison, a schoolmaster, MS AICMCICIN eoSNeP May 10, 1823. The first church erected on this ground was built of logs in the spring of the same year; It_gwasi hai plam building, without orna- mentation of any descrip- tion, not even being pro- vided with chimneys, since no services were held at first in the winter. The pews were made of heavy slabs. The first Lutheran pastor to min- ister in? this? oldr glo church was Rev. G. A. Reichert, who preached —— HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 345 two sermons, April 29, 1823, and probably organized the congre- gation on the same day. On May 1, 1823, a communion service was held, conducted by Pastor William Weinel of the Reformed Church, which seems to have been attended by both Lutherans and Reformed, ‘The relations between the two bodies in those days were extremely cordial. The rights of each party were fully respected by the other, and they lived and labored as brethren. Both denominations conducted services exclusively in German for a number of years, the first English sermon being preached by Rev. John H. Bernheim in 1838. When Rev. Jacob Zimmerman took charge of the church in 1841, it was his custom ‘to preach a German and an English sermon on the same day. After 1860 practically all German was eliminated. The services of Pastor Reichert continued from April 29, 1823, to March 30, 1834, during which he preached regularly every four weeks in German, and administered the sacrament of the altar once a year. In those days Lutherans thought it no hardship to travel eight or ten miles to attend services, and the little log church was often crowded. According to Pastor Reichert’s diary, the following persons communed during the years 1828 to 1834: Rupert, Solomon Rupert, Friedrich Rupert, Katherina Rupert, John Rupert, Elizabetha Georg, John Hancock, Samuel Hancock, Rosanna Hancock, Elizabetha Hartz, Jacob Altmann, Jonathan Altmann, Magdalena Altmann, Hannah Altmann, Sarah Altmann, Susanna Baer, Elizabetha Hartz, Dorothea Rupert, Peter Beck, Jacob Haushalter, John Rupert, Esther Braun, Katharina Haushalter, Hannah Rupert, Karl Deis, Katharina Haushalter, George Rupert, Elizabetha (2) Dormaier, Andreas Haushalter, Elizabetha Rupert, Heinrich Dormaier, Margaretha Haushalter, David Rupert, Juliana Dormaier, Jacob Haushalter, Isaac Rupert, Jacob Dormaier, Elizabetha Haushalter, Samuel Rupert, Magdalena Dormaier, Andreas, Jr Haushalter, Jonathan Rupert, Jacob (2) Dormaier, Hannah Haushalter, Polly Rupert, Peter (2) Dormaier, Katharina Haushalter, Maria Rupert, Carl (2) Dormaier, Susanna Heffelfinger, Heinrich Rupert, Ludwig Dormaier, Isaac Heffelfinger, Elizabetha Rupert, Samuel Dormaier, Philip Heffelfinger, Margaretha Rupert, Philip Dormaier, Joseph Heffelfinger, Peter Rupert, Andreas Fimann, Christian EKimann, Barbara Frantz, Frantz, Maria Elizabetha Fritz, George Fulmer, John Heffelfinger, Katharina Heinselman, Esther Henry, John Hiesle, Michael Hiesle, Magdalena Hiesle, Polly Rupert, Christian Rupert, Susanna Rupert, Lydia Rupert, Maria Barbara Rupert, Isaac Rupert, Michael Georg, Jacob, Sr. Hiesle, John Rupert, Rachel Georg, Elizabetha Hiesle, Susanna Schiesle, Ludwig Georg, Samuel Kimmel, Daniel Schiesle, Sophia Georg, Katharina Kimmel, Elizabetha Schiesle, William Georg, Margaretha Kimmel, Andreas Schiesle, Andreas Georg, Polly Kimmel, Thomas Schiesle, Sarah © Georg, Peter Uinsenbigler, Martin Schneider, Anna Maria Georg, Bernhard Linsenbigler, Maria Schott, Christian Georg, Sarah Linsenbigler, Magaretha Schott, Maria Georg, Rachel Miller, Heinrich Schreiock, George Georg, Christian Ottermann, John ‘George Schreiock, Heinrich Georg, Dorothea Ottermann, Elizabetha Wagle, Isaac Georg, Jacob, Jr Ottermann, Esther: Wagle, Esther The large number of Georges and Ruperts in this list would indicate how quickly a few families of Lutheran pioneers could 346 HISTORY(OP SUH Eee SRURGI Goan OD develop into a large congregation. ‘There was evidently trouble of some kind in the church at the time of the resignation of Pastor Reichert, March 30, 1834, in as much as he continued to serve all his other churches for three more years. So far as we can learn the church was vacant from 1834 to 1838, when Rev. John H. Bernheim became pastor. This pastor remained three years, and then surrendered the congregation to the care of Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, who served them from October 16, 1841, to January 30, 1859. The salary received by Pastor Zimmerman amounted to $90 a year. When Pastor Zimmerman began his work here, the congregation was still worshipping in the old log church. Larger quarters then became imperative; and a new frame church, often called the “White Church”, was dedicated, November 23, 1842. Pastors Nicholas P. Hacke and William Weinel of the Reformed, and Michael J. Steck, John H. Bern- heim, and Jacob Zimmerman of the Lutheran Church, were present at the dedication. No names of communicants were en- ‘ tered in the old “Kirchen Buch” of St. Jacob’s until June LL 1843, when Pastor Zimmerman administered the sacrament to 96 persons, 36 of whom were confirmed on the previous day. In addition to those noted in the communion lists of Pastor Reich- ert, the following family names now appear: Alcorn, Potts, Heil- man, ‘Townsend, Row, Dillinger, Henke, Young, Stouch, Kling- ensmith, Iseman, King, Rowley, and Harper. During the pastor- ate of Rev. Zimmerman the following men served as members of the Church Council: Jacob Rupert, Christian Rupert, John Schaeffer, David Altman, William Heinzelmann, Philip Rupert, John Frantz, Robert Townsend, Michael Schott, Philip Frantz, Lewis Adair, Jacob Row, Absalom Smith, Isaac Schott, Peter Heffelfinger, and Jacob Klingensmith. Reformed and Lutherans worshipped together in the frame church of 1842 for a period of thirty-eight years. The present frame church was built by Lu- therans alone, and was dedicated by Pastor Jacob H. Wright, January 14, 1881. It was built upon a quarter-acre lot donated by Frantz George, and cost $2,365. In 1891 the Reformed built a new church in South Bend; and the last united act of the two congregations was to dispose of the old church building at public sale. The synodical relations of this venerable church have been varied, the people being governed by the wishes of their pastor. From 1823 to 1825 it was in connection with the Ministerium of Pennsylvania; from 1825 to 1841 in the West. Pennsylvania Synod; from 1841 to 1860 in the Ohio Synod; since 1860 in the Pittsburgh Synod. On April 7, 1860, the constitution recom- mended by the Pittsburgh Synod was adopted. In 1867 the General Council controversy made quite a stir in the community, but the influence of Rev. Jacob H. Wright was dominant, and the congregation cast its lot with the General Synod. One of Bist OR Ve Ons Ciik PIL S BURGH SYNOD 347 the pastors of St. Jacob’s, Rev. Carl Frank Miller, closed his pastorate in death, April 6, 1915. It was during his short pas- torate that a parsonage was secured in Elderton, The following is a consecutive list of the regular pastorates: Rev. G. A. Reich- ert, 1823-1834; Vacant, 1834-1838; Rev. John H. Bernheim, 1838-1841; Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1841-1859; Rev. David Mc- Kee, .1860-1866,; “Rev.. J. H. Wright, 1866-1887; Rev. Jo W. Hutchison, 1887-1889; Rev. T. J. Frederick, 1890-1896; Rev. C. M. Wachter, 1896-1898; Rev. J. A. Flickinger, 1899-1900; Rev. | acob Ny Hankey) 190021903 Revo Gr- Ll) Wisswaesser, 1904-1905; Rev. W. L. Price, 1905-1909; Rev. J. L. Nicholas, 1910-1913; Rev. C. F. Miller, 1913-1915; Rev. J. M. Stover, 1915-1917; Rev. J. F. Booher, 1918-1921; Rev. Oscar Woods, 1921-. See OLN Ser VANGERICADOEO TOE RANe CHURCH KITTANNING, PA. | The old Indian village of Kittanning was one of the his- toric spots of western Pennsylvania in pioneer days. After its destruction by the soldiers of Colonel Armstrong in 1756, the site remained unimproved until 1803 when the present town was laid out. Many Germans took up land in Kittanning Township at an early date, and some of them found a home in the new town. According to the court records, Matthias Reichert and Daniel Bauser were property owners in 1809, and Samuel and Michael Mechling in 1814. Whether Rev. J. Gay Lamprecht= om tRev. John Adam Mohler ever preached in Kittanning, when they were pastors of the Rupp Church, can not be definitely deter- mined; but there is evi- dentegelrate hevamkKark Moritz Zeilfels preached tums eimestoness eA upp Ss: and Kittanning’ from 1824 to 1825, and it is to this pastor that the first provisional organization of the Lutherans of Kit- tanning is credited. The Nex bea pactOlwe- Wass weve Gabriel Adam Reichert, who took up his. resi- 348 HISTORY (OR SBE PRU SB RG EL ow IN Oo dence in Kittanning in 1827. ‘The number of Lutherans in Kit- tanning at that time was so small that they attended services at the Rupp Church. On April 29, 1829, Pastor Reichert began to preach in the town, holding his services in private homes. H1s first communion service here was held, April 1, 1831, when four- teen persons were confirmed and thirty-eight received the sacra- ment. From 1831 to 1834 the folowing communicants are re- corded in the pastor’s private diary: Reichert, Gabriel Adam Reichert, Lydia Richard, Michael Richard, Magdelena Scharr, Maria Bauser, Peter Kamp, August Bauser, Samuel Kamp, Louisa Bauser, Katharina Koreman, George Bauser, Christina Koreman, Anna B. Bautsch, George Koreman, Samuel Bautsch, Jacob Koreman, Elizabetha Schaefier, Daniel Bautsch, Anna Koreman, Ludwig Schott, Karl Balsinger, Samuel Koreman, Anna K. Schott, Anna Maria Bisch, Jacob Kravener, Elizabetha Schrecengost, Daniel Bisamann, Jacob Lutz, Henrietta Schultz, Wilhelm Eisamann, Maria Mechling, Samuel Schultz, Friedrich Eisamann, Michael Mechling, Magdalena Scott, Isaac Fisamann, Elizabetha Mechling, Michael Scott, Katharina Geltbruner, Jacob Mechling, Michael, Jr. Stehr, Michael Geltbruner, Magdalena Mechling, Elizabetha Torney, Simon Guest, Samuel Guest, Margaretha Heilman, Barbara Meisenheimer, Konrad Meisenheimer, Susanna Meisenheimer, Andreas Torney, Polly Wild, George Wild, Polly Holz, Peter Meisenheimer, Eva Williams, George Kaufer, Christian Ohlinger, Daniel Woli, George These were the founders of the old German Church of Kit- tanning, out of whose successors the German-English Trinity Church was reorganized, from which in due course of time came St. John’s. The communion services of Pastor Reichert were not generally attended by more than twenty or thirty members. When he removed to Philadelphia in 1837, the interest was at such low ebb that services were allowed to lapse until 1845, when the congregation was reorganized as “Trinity Evangelical Lu- theran Church” by Rev. George F. Ehrenfeld. In 1830, the con- gregation had united with the Episcopalians in the erection of a brick church on Water street. This church was destroyed by a storm in 1845, after which services were held in the school house and elsewhere until the purchase of the old U. P. Church in 1858. Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld resigned in 1853, and his brother, Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld of Worthington, was asked to supply the church with English preaching, while Rev. Michael Schweigert supplied them in German. In 1854 the Pittsburgh Synod determined to establish a new mission with Kittanning as the center, but the lack of a suitable missionary caused the postponement of the undertaking for several years. From 1854 to 1858 Rev. William A. Passavant looked after the English interests of the church, and finally succeeded in organizing the “First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Kittanning”, May 13, 1858, with forty-seven members. When this congrega- tion was legally incorporated, September 12, 1866, it assumed the name of “St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church of Kittan- PASTOR MICHAEL SCHWEIGERT 350 HISTORY SOs TELA bik GhiwoyeN OD) ning’. ‘The two congregations, German and English, united in the purchase of the old U. P. Church on South Jacob street in 1858; which, after renovation, was dedicated in August of the same year. ‘The morning service was held in German; the after- noon and evening services in English. he first constitution of the English congregation was adopted, November 13, 1858; the second, June 1, 1905; the third, February 11, 1919. One of the brightest days in the history of St. John’s Church was October 16, when Rev. John A. Earnest became pastor of Kittanning Mis- sion, consisting of the Kittanning, Rupp, and Heilman congrega- tions. Missionary aid was extended by the synod until 1864. St. John’s congregation shared the use of Trinity Church with the Germans until 1867, when a successful effort was made to secure a separate church. A lot on North Jefferson street, 66x165, was purchased from Aaron Shoop for $900, October 1, 1867. It was built of brick, 45 x 70, at an approximate cost of $10,000, and used for the first time in January, 1869. Financial stress and the synodical controversy interfered seriously with building operations, so that the church was not dedicated until September 28, 1873. A debt of $5,300 proved a heavy burden for a number of years. Pastor John A. Earnest voted with the General Synod party at Greenville, and the Rupp and Heilman congregations supported him in his course; but St. John’s voted in favor of the General Council, accepting the services of Rev. Henry W. Roth as supply pastor when Pastor Earnest resigned, Decem- ber 1, 1867. This synodical upheaval necessitated a rearrange- ment of the churches of the district; and a new mission was formed of Kittanning, Natrona, and Springdale. Rev. John A. Kribbs took charge of this mission in 1868. For five years the pastor was required to give so much time to Natrona and Spring- dale that the work in St. John’s suffered. After 1873, when Kit- tanning was made a separate mission, the congregation developed rapidly. When Pastor Kribbs resigned, May 3, 1878, he left a vigorous mission of 129 members. In 1879, the beginning of Rev. J. C. Kunzmann’s pastorate, the church became self-sustain- ing. On May 29, 1891, during ‘the pastorate» or SRevw bi vy. Elson, Ph. D., a lot adjoining the church ground, 33 x 165, was purchased for $1,000 from Mrs. Jane Ayers. On this lot the Bush Memorial parsonage was erected and presented: to the congregation by Mr. and Mrs. Frank L. Bush. One of the most successful pastorates in the history of St. John’s was that of Rev. G. W. Spiggle, who served from 1894 to 1902 and built up a strong church of 325 members. Pastor Spiggle also organized mission stations at Mosgrove and Ford City, but neither issued in permanent congregations. ‘Through all these years the German congregation continued to hold services in Trinity Church, being served by the following pastors: Rev. G. F. HS TORYS OPTI PERS BURGHASYNOD 351 Ehrenfeld, 1845-1853 ; Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1853-1855; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1855-1857; Rev. Michael Schweigert (second term), 1878-1885; Rev. Solomon Munsch, 1885-1888; Rev. Mar- tin Gaudian, 1888-1889; Rev. A. E. R. Collman, 1890-1891; Rev. Robert Barner, 1891-1904. During much of this time, the pastors of ‘Trinity served churches in Freeport and Ford City. In 1903, Rev. George U. Preuss became pastor of St. John’s, and over- tures were then made for the merger of Trinity and St. John’s. Trinity Church was sold to the Odd Fellows, and about sixty of the remaining members united with St. John’s. Pastor Preuss never preached German in St. John’s, but was able to meet the requirements of his German members in pastoral duties. Himeto Oe aespricks parisinenoluce, mthenintst of sits: kinds 1n) the Bitrsbimneh) synods saAvdSeeelectedyyater.a yacostm Of @ 50,200.00. This building was dedicated, January 23, 1911. Twice during this pastorate the church was thoroughly renovated, rededica- tion services being held, October 23, 1904, and June 29, 1913. At the last named service, a brass cross was placed upon the altar and a pulpit robe presented to the pastor. During this pastorate serious divisions occurred in the congregation. The fact that St. John’s Church belonged to the General Council, while nearly all the strong congregations in the surrounding country belonged to the General Synod, was largely responsible for these divisions. In 1908 a number of General Synod Lu- therans, who had moved into Kittanning, petitioned the Pitts- burgh Synod of the General Synod for the organization of a church in Wickboro, on the ground that the grade crossings of the Pennsylvania Railroad made it dangerous for their chil- dren to attend Sunday School at St. John’s. Student Bingaman, sent into the field to make a preliminary canvass, reported the names of more than a hundred Lutherans whe were anxious for the organization of a church. A protest was made by St. John’s Church, and the missionary superintendent delayed action until the protest could be given consideration by the synod. Before such consideration could be given, the people proceeded independently, and organized Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church, October 11, 1908, with seventy members. This congre- gation dedicated a frame chapel that cost $2,114, September 19, 1919. For a while the congregation seemed to prosper, number- ing 125 communicants, but it finally disbanded, February 24, 1918, the property reverting to the Board of Church Extension. Some of the members united with St. John’s, some with St. Paul’s, while others scattered. The following pastors served in this Wickboro chapel: Rev. Lloyd W. Walter, 1909-1911; Rev. W. Roy Goff, 1911-1913; Rev. J. E. Lowe, Jr., 1914-1916. A still more serious division in the ranks of St. John’s oc- curred, October 4, 1910, when ninety members withdrew and or- Siar HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ganized St. Paul’s Church. This congregation held its first services in the old M. E. Church, and was received as a member of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, October 12, 1910. At the organization meeting, the congregation resolved to be self-supporting and to send a call to Rev. Charles H. Tilp. Pastor ‘Tilp accepted this call, and served them from November 20, 1910, to March 18, 1917. Property on the corner of High and Jefferson streets was purchased in 1914, but the congrega- tion never built anew church. Rev. E. EF. Oney served them from November 11, 1917, to March 9, 1919, when he resigned in order that the merger of St. John’s and St. Paul’s might be effected. This merger occurred, February 11, 1919, when practically all the members of St. Paul’s, numbering about 200, were re- ceived as a body into the reunited St. John’s. The property of St. Paul’s was sold, and the cash balance, after all obligations were met, was paid into the treasury of St. John’s. ‘The pastor of St. John’s, Rev. Bernard Fetterly, remained as pastor of the united congregation until December 1, 1921. His successor, Rev. Harry D. Newcomer, assumed charge under hopeful condi- tions, March 1, 1922. The following pastors have served St. John’s from the time of organization under Doctor Passavant: Rev. “W.- A.» Passavant’ “(stipply),. 1858-1859; Revie Johnie Earnest, 1859-1867; Rev. Henry W. Roth (supply), 1867- 1868; Rev. John A. Kribbs, 1868-1878; Rev. J. C. Kunzmann, 1878- 1882; Rev. J. H. A. Kitzmiller, 1882-1888; Rev. H. W. Elson, Ph.D., 1889-1893 ; Rev: G. W.: Spiggle, 1894-1902; Rev; Gav. Preuss, 1903-1915; Rev. Bernard Fetterly, 1916-1921; Rev. H. D. Newcomer, D.D., 1922-. oT, MARK’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WASHINGTON TWP., ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA. The first reference to this church in the records of the Ohio Synod bears the date 1824, when a letter was received from “Klingenschmidt’s, Schaeffer’s, Mechling’s, Zion’s, Eisemann’s, Kittanning, and Limestone congregations”, asking that a license be given to their pastor, Karl Moritz Zeilfels. The license was granted, and Pastor Zeilfels served the congregations named from 1824 to 1825. It is believed that he organized St. Mark’s Church in 1824. It was composed of Pennsylvania Germans, and was organized under the name, “Limestone Evangelical Lu- theran Church of Washington Township’. The church was without a minister for three years after the departure of Pastor Zeilfels, and then in 1828 was taken under the care of Pastor Gabriel Adam Reichert. This faithful pastor preached for them in the home of John Christmann, near Montgomeryville, and for this reason the appointment was called ‘“Christmann’s” in his HISTORY. OF THEsPITTSBURGH: SYNOD o50 private diary. A communion service was conducted by him in this home, June 25, 1828, which was attended by nineteen per- sons. Services were held every two months from 1828 to 1837, including a communion service every summer. ‘The first class of catechumens was confirmed by Pastor Reichert, June 27, 1829, when thirty-six persons received the sacrament. From 1828 to 1832, the following persons communed: Adams, Samuel Fair, Maria Barbara Konfehr, Katharina Adams, Susanna Fair, John Matthaes, Samuel Bauser, Esther ~ Fair, Maria Matthaes, Louisa Christmann, Johannes Fair, Adam Meisenheimer, Andreas Christmann, Maria Fair, Peter Meisenheimer, Eva Christmann, Friedrich Fair, Sarah Riddel, Elizabetha Christmann, Christian Fair, Susanna Stehr, Michael Christmann, Mariah Fair, Isaac Thomas, Susanna Christmann, Philip Fair, Simon Toy, Wilhelm Christmann, Heinrich Fair, Anna Toy, Maria Christmann, Elizabetha Fair, Eliza Wolf, Johannes Ellenberger, John Helm, Konrad Wolf, Anna M. Ellenberger, Elizabetha Helm, Elizabetha Wolf, Jacob aire Michael Konfehr, Friedrich Wolf, Christina Pastor Reichert preached his farewell sermon in the home of Michael Fair, December 16, 1837. During the first thirty-one years, all the services were held in private homes. During the pastorate of Rev. John Esensee in 1843, the place of meeting was changed to the home of Leonard Fair, and this arrangement continued until 1856, when the first church was dedicated. The church is usually called “Fair’s” in the Ohio Synod. records, although it is sometimes given the name Bethlehem. A plot of ground was deeded by Philip Crissman and Leonard Fair to Jacob Toy and John Fair Jr., acting trustees for the congrega- tion, October 24, 1849, on which a frame church, 30x40, was erected later. This church was dedicated by Pastor A. C. Ehren- feld in June, 1856, under the name “St. Mark’s Evangelical Lu- theran Church”, which served as a place of worship for a period of forty-four years. An additional acre of ground was pur- chased later from Joseph Crissman. ‘The corner stone of their second church was laid, May 20,-1900, and the church dedicated by Pastor J. W. Schwartz, September 23, 1900. Rev. C. B. King preached the dedicatory sermon. The entire cost of this church was $3,000. For many years all services were conducted in German, and this devotion to the German language almost proved the undoing of the congregation. When the first English services were introduced by Pastor John A. Nuner in 1849, some members were offended by the innovation and withdrew from the church. Since 1854 all services have been conducted in English. The church was incorporated in 1887. A consecu- tive list of the pastorates is as follows: Rev. K. M. Zeilfels, 1824-1825; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1828-1837; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1838-1842; Rev. John Esensee, 1842-1843; Rev. Gottlieb Kranz, 1844-1846; Rev. Elihu Rathbun, 1847; Rev. J. A. Nuner, 1849- 1851; Rev. Thomas Steck, 1851-1854; Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld, 354 HISTORY OF “LO BaP EDR S BURGH SN @E 1854-1858: Rev. Frederick Ruthrauff, 1859; Rev. Charles Wit- mer, 1860-1862; Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, 1864-1866; Rev. J. W. Schwartz, D.D., 1867-1917; Rev. A. W. Smith, 1917-1919; Rev. P. T. E. Stockslager, 1920-1924; Rev. R. L. Yund, 1924-. CHRIST EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH GASTOWN, PA. The beginnings of this congregation are found in an old stone church that was built under United Presbyterian leader- ship in 1818. The ground, on which this old church was built, | was donated by Judge Robert Woodward; but so far as can be learned no deed was ever execut- ed. .For a number of years this old church was used by Presbyterians, United Presbyterians, Methodists, Reformed, and Iwitherans, each de- nomination moving out as it*was able to bitldma church of its own. In time only the Reformed and Lutherans remained, who regarded the church as their property. When these two bodies effected a friendly separation in 1893, the Lutherans gave | the Reformed a quit claim deed. The decision of the Lutherans to to build a new church was made, November 8, 1893, and the church was dedi- cated by Pastor William Hesse, July 22, 1894. It was a neat frame church, with altar recess and corner tower, costing $2,037. At this time it was deemed advisable to effect a reorgant- zation of the congregation ; and this was done, July 8, 1894, when the constitution recommended by the General Synod was adopted. The name was changed from St. Thomas to Christ at the same time. The beginning of the Lutheran organization in this com- munity is obscure. Some think that the Lutherans claimed the right to worship in the old stone church, and exercised it with- out effecting a formal organization. ‘The first Lutheran service in the old church, so far as we can learn, was held by Rev. G. A. Reichert, June 28, 1828. From 1828 to 1837 he held occasional Bis L@OR YAO re CHE PI OULSBURGH SYNOD 355 services here, entering the appointment in his private diary as “Thomas Kirche”. His successor, Rev. John H. Bernheim, preached for them from 1838 to 1841. The next pastor, Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, served at irregular intervals from 1842 to 1845, and then regularly every four weeks on Saturdays, from August 31, 1845, to April 11, 1847. On the last named date eleven persons were confirmed and thirty-six given the sacra- ment. A long vacancy followed, during which the congregation barely survived. Rev. Michael Schweigeit sought them out in 1853, and served them regularly for eleven years, when the bitter feelings engendered by the civil war compelled him to resign. The first list of communicants, found in his handwriting in the old church record, contains the following names: Arnstad, Adam Harklerodt, Mrs. Roos, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Baker, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Jackson, Andrew Roos, Edward Barkman, Mr. and Mrs. Kribbs, Levi Schmeltzer, Mr. and Mrs. Bierer, Sophia Kuster, Peter Schmeltzer, Lay Chrisman, Elias Leck, Mr. and Mrs. Schmeltzer, Katrina Chrisman, James Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Barney Schmeltzer, Stofel Chrisman, Marian Miller, Mararet Schmidt, Elon Eyler, Mrs. Miller, Jane Sisenna, Susan Fischer, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Peterman, Mr. & Mrs. Martin Weber, Mr. and Mrs. John Fischer, Sarah Peterman, Mary Jane Weber, Sarah Graf, Mr. and Mrs. Peterman, Michael Weber, Ann Elizabeth Pastor Schweigert’s method of resigning this church was unique. He wrote to Rev. Jacob H. Wright, a neighboring pas- tor, giving him the story of his church troubles in the following language: “T want to give you one of my churches. They have got so rebel- lious that they put a red handkerchief on a stick, and eight or ten of them march through the church building. The church is an old ram- shackle, and it is full of hummels and wasps nests, and the mischievous boys stir up the nests and keep making it too hot for me. They won't do so for you.” In this way Pastor Wright was introduced to the congrega- tion, which he served for a period of seventeen years. The fol- lowing is a complete list of the pastors: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1828-1837; Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1838-1841; Rev. Jacob Zim- merman, 1842-1847 ;Vacant, 1848-1852; Rev. Michael Schweig- ert, 1853-1864; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1864-1881; Rev. R. B. Starks, 1881-1885; Rev. Samuel Krider, 1886-1889; Rev. J. W. Hutch- ison, 1889-1890; Rev. S. V. Dye, 1891-1892; Rev. William Hesse, 1893-1897; Rev. J. W. Tressler (Supply), 1898; Rev. J. A. Flickinger, 1899-1900; Rev. J. M. Hankey, 1900-1903; Rev. C. L. Wisswaesser, 1904-1905; Rev. W. L. Price, 1905-1909; Rey. Je, Nicholas; 1910-1913) Rey. Carl FP. Miller, 1913+1915 ; Reve} M.astover, 1915-1917; Rev. J: FY Booher,’ 1918-1921; Rev. Oscar Woods, 1921-. 356 HISTORY OF THE PErESBURGH SYNOD SALEM EVANGELICAL, LUTHERAN CHURCH KELEERS BURG, PA. This is one of the venerable congregations of Armstrong County, but its beginnings are hard to trace. One of the regular appointments of Pastor G. A. Reichert, from 1829 to 1832, was at the home of Jacob Maier, one of the trustees of the original congregation. ‘The first service in this place was held, Septem- ber 14, 1829, and the regularity with which this appointment was kept for the next three years would indicate that there was a provisional organization of some kind effected at that time. After 1832 only occasional services were held here by Pastor Reichert, and the supposition is that Rev. Henry David Keyl and Rev..J..G- Yotng did the greatem partwolL the preaching wan a.m congregation from 1833 to 1846. Practically all the services during this period were conducted in German. The first entry in the old church record bears the date, August 2, 1846, when Rev. William Uhl became pastor. ‘This pastor was sent by the Pitts- burgh Synod in response to an appeal of twenty members of Salem Church, who pledged $66.25 as the annual salary of the minister. Soon after the beginning of his pastorate, a new con- stitution was adopted and the church fully organized. The old- est communion lists of the congregation, 1846-1848, contain the following names: Balsiger, Samuel Hartsell, Mona Konker, Elizabeth Balsiger, Samuel, Jr. Hawk, George Markey, Elizabeth Balsiger, Mary Hawk, Elizabeth Myers, Jacob Balsiger, Anna Hetrick, George L. Myers, Catherine Baughman, Christina Hetrick, Elizabeth Pain, William Bish, Peter Hile, Anna Pain, Mary Bish, Mary Keller, Nicholas Pain, Harriett Bish, Daniel Keller, Catharine Painter, John Bish, Rebecca Keller, Frederick Poliard, Lewis Bish, Catharine Keller, Mary Smith, Martin Bish, George Keller, Caroline Smith, Mary Bish, Adam Keller, Philip Smith, Catharine Bish, Philip Konker, John Smith, Michael Bish, Susanna Konker, John, Jr. Snyder, Jacob Blake, Theodore Konker, Solomon Williams, Michael Duckel, Elizabeth Konker, Simon Williams, Charlotte Hartsell, Mary A. Konker, Mary Wyand, Elizabeth The name of Nicholas Rhodes does not appear on any list of communicants, but he was one of the first trustees, and it is cer- tain that he was a faithful member. Other names are doubtless omitted from the imperfect records. The first class of cate- chumens confirmed by Pastor Uhl, December 21, 1846, contained seventeen members. In the early forties a number of the young people attended instruction at the Kammerdiener Church. Their first church was built of logs in 1838. This church was older than the town of Kellersburg, which was laid out by Nicholas Keller Sr., in 1842. It was built on land secured from the Hol- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 357 land Land Company by deed of transfer, March 11, 1833. This tract, containing seven acres and thirty perches, was conveyed to Jacob Myers and Nicholas Rhodes, “Trustees of the Lutheran congregation of Mahoning, for the purpose of a burial ground, and for the erection of a place of worship and school house, whenever the trustees, or their successors in office, may see proper to do so, and for no other purpose”. The consideration named was two dollars. The old log church was vacated in 1848, and a frame church, 30x40, erected in its stead. ‘This second church was roofed, weatherboarded, floored and partly ceiled; and in this unfinished state was used for several years. ‘The seats were nothing more than heavy slab benches. During the pastorate of Rev. Thomas Steck, pews and a good pulpit were provided; and the finished church was dedicated, November 27, 1853. For a long time there was no other church in the com- munity nearer than the “Narrows”. A number of Presbyterians living in the community were permitted to hold services in the church. For several years prior to 1872 the Methodists and Evangelicals were also permitted to use the building for services. In the summer of 1873 the church was thoroughly repaired, and a service of rededication followed, August 24, 1873. During the pastorate of Rev. J. W. Schwartz, D.D., a new church, complete in all its appointments, was erected at a cost of $2,000. The dedicatory services were held, January 25, 1891, when Rev. Eli Miller and Rev. H. B. Winton assisted the pastor. A charter was obtained, June 25, 1853. Because of its isolated position the church has suffered from many long and trying vacancies; but the faith of the fathers still abides in the hearts of the children. The following pastors have served here: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1829-1832; Rev. H. D. Keyl (supply), 1833-1842; Rev. J. G. Young (Supply), 1843-1846; Rev. William Uhl, 1846-1848; Rev. John A. Nuner, 1849-1851; Rev. Thomas Steck, 1851-1854; Rey. G. F. Ehrenfeld (Supply), 1854-1855; Rev. Thomas Steck (Supply), 1856; Rev., Michael Schweigert, 1858-1864; Rev. Henry Gathers, 1864-1868; Rev. Samuel Stouffer (Supply), 1870; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1871-1873; Rev. David Townsend, 1874-1876; Rev. Wilson Selner, 1876-1881; Rev. E. A. Best, 1883-1886; Rev. J. W. Schwartz, D.D. (Supply), 1889-1892 ; Rev. W. M. Hering, 1892-1893; Rev. W. J. Bucher, 1893-1897 ; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1897-1900; Rev. C. E. Berkey, 1900-1903; Rev. W. B. Claney, 1903-1907; Rev. H. C. Salem, 1907-1909; Student William N. King (Supply), 1910; Rev. William E. Sun- day, 1911-1915; Rev. Edward N. Fry, 1915-1917; Rev. Charles LeeQuinn, 1917-1919; Rews Henry,.A.’ Seel}: 1921-1922 ; -Rev. William Weicksel (Supply), 1922-1923; Rev. Joseph Arnold (Supply), 1924-1925. 358 HISTORY O)lC2 HEEL UOSBORGH ao YN JERUSALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WAYNE TOWNSHIP, ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA. In the settlement of northern Armstrong County, the Ger- man pioneers were so widely scattered that pastors found it difficult to gather sufficient numbers in any one locality, with which to organize per- manent congregations. For this reason services were held in private homes for a quarter of a century » béfores. an yemac tempt was made to erect aa GhAiyohaeb tomes: among the thirty or forty pioneer Lutheran . fam- ilies of this large district was that of Jacob Beck, who settled about two miles east. of Echo in 1815. His home was se- lected as a place of meet- ing when the community was first visited by Rev. John M, Steck about the year 1818. The pastoral visits of Rev. Steck were greatly appr ee ve by the people, but came only after long in- tervals. The fact that the Greensburg pastor preached here is attested by the story told the children by the German grand- mothers, that, when Pastor Steck’s horse was seen coming up the road, all the chickens would begin to cackle, “Cut, cut, cut, Der Steck Komt, Der Steck Komt”. The first pastor to preach regularly at Jacob Beck’s was Rev. G. A. Reichert, whose min- istry extended from 1828 to 1832, after which the Beck congre- gation was divided, part holding services in the Patterson school house, and the other part moving their place of worship to the home of Bernard Reedy, about a mile northwest of Goheenville. The first service at the latter place was held by Pastor Reichert January 21, 1833, involving at least a provisional organization of the congregation that was later known as Jerusalem Church. The. first officers: of this congregation, Jacob Hetrich; Peter Kammerdiener, Jacob Kammerdiener, and Johannes Gulden, were elected, March 15, 1833. The first communion service of the new congregation was held, November 2, 1833, attended by the following persons: tn wn \O ELISTORY IOP HE PLE SBURGHSSYNOD Beck, Peter Hollenbach, John Nolf, Adam Beck, Elizabetha Hollenbach, Polly Nolf, Mrs. Adam Ellenberger, Georg Kammerdiener, Peter Nolf, Barbara Ellenberger, Elizabetha Kammerdiener, Gertraut Nolf, Sarah Hetrich, Jacob Kammerdiener, Jacob Zimmerman, Abraham Hetrich, Barbara Kammerdiener, John Philip Zimmerman, Susanna Abraham Zimmerman was confirmed at Beck’s, March 6, 1830, when 52 years old; Jacob Beck was confirmed at the same time and place when 50 years of age. ‘These two instances indi- cate how few the church privileges of the pioneers were. Pastor G. A. Reichert continued to serve the Reedy congregation until 1837, when he removed to Philadelphia. John George Young, a ministerial student under the care of Rev. John H. Bernheim, held occasional services in the Reedy home in 1838 and 1839, and became their regular pastor in 1840, giving them German services every four weeks until 1867, when he removed to Michigan. He met all his appointments faithfully during these twenty-seven years, winter and summer, travelling usually on horse back. To- ward the close of his pastorate there was a strong demand for English preaching, and Rev. Henry Gathers was asked to assist him from 1864 to 1866. Near the beginning of Rev. Young’s pastorate, June 24, 1840, Robert Orr deeded to Jacob Hetrick and Jacob Kammerdiener, trustees of the “United Evangelical German Lutheran and High German Reformed Church’’, a tract of five acres, to be used only for church and burial purposes. The consideration named was one dollar. A little log church was then built in the woods, near the entrance to the cemetery, and the Reedy congregation moved to their new house of wor- ship in 1840. This church was plain and unpretentious; for a pulpit the pastor had a rough table; for pews the congregation had planks laid on large wooden blocks; but it served the people as a house of prayer for thirty years. Rev. C. A. Fetzer sup- plied the congregation for a few months after the resignation of Pastor Young; and then the attention of Rev. Michael Schwei- gert was directed to the field. He ministered to the people from November 14, 1869, to November 15, 1880, during which time the congregation again changed its place of worship and took a new lease on life. For a consideration of ten dollars, Jacob Kammerdiener deeded an acre of ground to the congregation for building purposes, August 27, 1870, and on this a frame church, 30x40, was erected at a cost of $1,600. The corner stone was laid, July 14, 1870, and the completed church dedicated, October 23, 1870. Rev. Michael Schweigert preached in Ger- man, and Doctor Henry W. Roth in English, at the dedication service. The congregation developed rapidly under the new conditions, increasing from 25 to 73 members in two years. The third church was built during the pastorate of Rev. John M. Axe. The corner stone of this church was laid, September 23, 360 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1906, and the dedication took place in the presence of a great throng, June 16, 1907. It was built of frame, well finished and furnished, at a cost of $5,000. The following pastors have served Jerusalem Church: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1833-1837; Rev. John George Young (occasional supply), 1838-1840; Rev. John George Young, 1840-1867; Rev. Henry Gathers (assistant English pastor), 1864-1806; Rev. C. A. Fetzer (supply), 1868; Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1869-1880; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1880- 1883; Rev. J. N. Wetzler, Ph.D., 1884-1889; Rev. A. H. Kin= nard, 1890-1893; Rev. H. Ruphoff, 1894-1895; Rev. Carl J. Streich, 1896-1901; Rev. A. F. Schaeffer, 1902-1903; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1904-1921; Rev. William Weicksel (supply), 1921-1922; Rev. W. L. Price, 1922-. TRINITY BVANGELICATALUTHERAN CHURCH FREE P@R TE? PA: Freeport is one of the oldest towns in Armstrong County, having been laid out as Toddstown by David and William Todd in 1796. Slow in its first growth, it developed rapidly as a town after the construction of the Pennsylvania Canal in 1828. The first Lutherans of this vicinity were country people, who at- tended church services at Fiseman’s. The first Lutheran pas- tor to visit the town, so far as can be learned, was Rev. G. A. Reichert, who baptized a son of Joseph and Elizabeth Schub, August 29, 1830, but conducted no public service. In 1833, Rev. John Heinrich Hohnholz, a licentiate of the Ohio Synod, began to preach in the school house. He probably organized the con- gregation in 1833, for it united with three other congregations in petitioning the Ohio Synod in 1834 that he might continue to be their pastor. Two of the four congregations, served by him in 1834, were Freeport and Eiseman’s. His license was withdrawn in 1835. Rev. G. A. Reichert succeeded him in 1836, and preached his last sermon in the old school house, December 31, 1837. The next pastor was Rev. John Herman Bernheim, who entered the field in 1838, and reorganized the church in the spring of 1841. The first class of catechumens, confirmed at the time of the reorganization, consisted of George Otterman, Leopold Smith, Peter Sherer, James Young, William Long, Jacob Klingensmith, Frances Felbut, Elizabeth Sherer, Susanna Spangler, Rosina Blau, Eliza Cunningham, Mary Ann Long, Polly Sherer, Catherine Smith, Mary Smith, and Charles Hel- ferich. This pastor was quite popular in Freeport, preaching to large audiences until the time of his retirement in 1844. Rev. George B. Holmes was given an ad interim license by the presi- dent of the Ohio Synod, December 1, 1844, in order to serve HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 361 Freeport and the neighboring congregations. St. John’s Church participated in the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod, Jan- uary 15, 1845, through her lay delegate, Joseph Shoop, but Pas- tor Holmes was not received until 1846. In 1848 the old Baptist Church was bought for $400; but this building proved unsatis- factory, and a good frame church was built at a cost of $2,100, and dedicated by Pastor J. H. Brown, October 26, 1862, Rev. Lewis M. Kuhns delivering the sermon. This property was ex- tensively reparied in 1902, at a cost of $2,500, but served the congregation through many years. Under the leadership of Pastor Brown the congregation was greatly prospered, and the new church.was scarcely large enough to accommodate the peo- ple on communion occasions. The following pastors ministered in St. John’s before the outbreak of the synodical controversy : Rev. J. H. Hohnholz, 1833-1835; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1836- 1837; Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1838-1844; Rev. G. B. Holmes, 1844-1848; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1848-1851; Rev. Lewis M. Kuhns, 1852-1856; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1856-1861; Rev. J. H. Brown, 1861-1865. The pastor during the division was Rev. J. K. Melhorn, whose pastorate extended from July 1, 13Go ato pribie yl 8/1. The congregation had 140 members in 1867, and was about equally divided in the support of the General Synod and General Council, while the pastor was a staunch adherent of the latter body. A congregational meeting was held, February 8, 1868, “for the purpose of adopting a form of charter and taking the initiatory steps for the incorporation of the church”. The Gen- eral Synod party objected to the General Council basis of incor- poration, and withdrew from the meeting in a body. For the next few months confusion reigned, and the bitterest of feelings developed on both sides, both parties claiming to be the true St. John’s. A climax was reached, November 15, 1868, when the pastor and his adherents expelled sixty-nine persons, who were the recognized supporters of the General Synod. Their expul- sion was not unexpected, for they had already formed a separate congregation, and were being regularly supplied by Rev. H. H. Hall of Leechburg. Pastor Hall ministered to the General Synod congregation from October 1, 1868, to April 1, 1870, holding the services in the U. P. Church. For the next five years they had neither church nor pastor, holding services in some convenient place when fortunate enough to secure a supply. In the meantime suit was brought against the General Council congregation for possession of the property; but the decision of the master in evidence, rendered in August, 1876, was in favor of the defendants. The decision awarded the right to the name Lutheran to both congregations, but gave the name and property 362 HISTORY: OF “Poh PIT ES BURGH SYNOD of St. John’s Church to the party which had remained in possession. ‘The General Synod congregation then bought a lot on Buffalo street, and built a frame church costing $4,000. ‘This church was dedicated by Pastor D. R. P. Barry, September 30, 1877, as “Emmanuel Evangelical Lutheran Church”. Doctor F. We Conrady: Doctors}, W.eschwartz, and JRev. sAuggoel mee assisted the pastor on this occasion. Out in the country a similar division occurred in St. Matthew’s Church. The General Synod adherents withdrew in a body, formed another St. Matthew’s, and worshipped in the Shrader’s Grove Presbyterian Church; but eventually the congregation disbanded, and the greater part of the members united with Emmanuel Church. From 1868 to 1919 Emmanuel Church gradually developed from 69 to 191 members, being served by the following pastors: Rev. H. H. Hall, 1868-1870; Supplies, 1870-1875; Rev. D. R. P. Barry, 1875-1880; Rev. Max Lentz, 1881; Rev. A. C. Felker, 1881- 1882; Rev. Isaiah Irvine, 1882-1885; Rev. Luther M. Kuhns, 1886-1887; Rev. J. W. Breitenbach, 1887-1888; Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger, 1889-1893; Rev. H. C. Reller, 1893-1901; Rev. John H. Diehl, 1901-1902; Rev. H. C. Erdman, 1902-1904; Rev. H. B. Ernsberger, 1905-1907; Rev. John G. Koser, 1908-1911; Rev. H.S. Garnes, (V1 17-1912) Rev" JP We shearer 1012319 1Ge Supplies, 1916-1918; Rev. Daniel Ketterman, 1918-1919. In the meantime the St. John’s congregation continued to worship in the old Fourth street church. Its development was slow, largely because it was always associated with two or three other churches, and the pastors could not give it the time and attention needed. In 1919 it could report only sixty-five mem- bers. The pastors of St. John’s during this time were: Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1865-1871; Rev. J. H. A. Kitzmiller, 1871-1881 ; Rev. H. K. Shanor, 1882-1888; Rev. J. K. Melhorn (second term), 1889-1895; Rev. W. O. Laub, 1896-1904; Rev. Charles FE. Dozer, 1905-1908; Rev. R. W. Yeany, 1908-1910; Rev. Her- bert Martens, 1911-1918. Another congregation of the Pitts- burgh Synod, occupying this field at the time of the synodical merger, was the Zion German Church. This congregation was incorporated, April 23, 1862, on petition of Rev. G. A. Reichert, George Eppler, David Kraft, John Mangold, and George Pfaff. A small church was built in 1861, and used as a place of wor- ship until the time of the congregational merger, when it was sold for $2,800, and the net proceeds placed in the building fund of Trinity Church. The following pastors served this German Church: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1861-1875; Rev. C. F. Tiemann, 1880-1883; Rev. J. G. Amschler, 1883-1886; Rev. Martin Gaudian, 1886-1889; Rev. A. E. R. Collman, 1890; Rev. Robert Barner, 1890-1904; Supplies, 1904-1907; Rev. H. P. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 363 Hansen, 1907-1910; Rev. Johannes Burgdorf, 1910-1919. When the plans for the reuniting of the two Pittsburgh Synods had fully matured, there was much speculation among the Lutherans of Freeport as to how this merger would affect them. The credit for uniting the three Lutheran congregations of Freeport belongs chiefly to Rev. Daniel Ketterman. He invited, and con- tinued to invite, the members of the other Lutheran congrega- tions to worship with his congregation in Emmanuel Church, until his invitations were accepted, and a union communion serv- Teceueldaw price 1919 -attendedsbya 220 seutheransm alosmake the work of merger easier he resigned his parish, May 1, 1919, after which the three congregations united in extending a call to Rev. H. A. Rinard. A new constitution was adopted, February 15, 1920, when the present name was assumed. ‘The first officers of the consolidated church were H. C. Brenneman, J. H. Ash- baugh, R. H. McGraw, Autis Nolf, E. L. McGraw, Francis Laube, Robert O’Brien, C. E. Hoak, Ralph Myers, and Ray- mond Otterman. A new charter was secured, September 10, 1920. As soon as the members had adjusted themselves to the new conditions, steps were taken to build a new church. The old St. John’s Church was sold for $7,000, and property adjoin- ing Emmanuel Church secured for $9,500, preparing the way for advancement. A contract for the building of a new stone church was let, December 9, 1925. The pastors of Trinity were: Rev. H. A. Rinard, 1919-1920; Rev. H. B. Ernest, 1921-1922; Rev. S. G. Dornblaser, D.D., 1922-. LVANGIRICALDTLURHERA Na CHURCH Sie hWIN GORCELUIRCG Hesse Ac The beginnings of this church are traceable to 1839, when Presbyterians, Reformed, and Lutherans bought several acres of ground for church and burial purposes at nominal cost. This land was conveyed to trustees of the three churches, Jacob Miller acting for the Lutherans. It is now the cemetery of the Presbyterians and Lutherans, the Reformed having been long since absorbed. A provisional organization of some kind may have been formed in 1839 to care for this property, but we have no record of regular Lutheran services here until August 22, 1841, when Pastor Jacob Zimmerman took charge of “Boiling Springs” as one of his regular appointments. It was his custom to visit this community every four weeks, preaching in German and English on the same day. Sometimes the high waters of the Kiskiminetas broke his engagements. Pastor Zimmerman re- signed, July 15, 1849, and his successors for the next four years were the pastors of St. James Church. On May 17, 1851, the 364 | HISTORY OF SPHESPITTSBURGH (SYNOD congregation was more fully organized by Pastor J. N. Burket, and a new constitution was signed by the following members : Andre, Peter Clark Saran Miller, Matthias Andre, Margaret Fennel, John Miller, Susan Anderson, Jacob Grim, Adam Miller, John Anderson, Jane Grim, Margaret Miller, Sarah (2) ment, George Hart, Jacob Ridenour, Sarah Artman, John Hart, Dorothea Ringle, Jacob Artman, Sarah Harty esaran Ringle, Mary Artman, Catherine Henry Hannah Ringle, Adam Becker, Eliza Jane Hive, Peter Ringle, Elizabeth Bolinger, Samuel Hive, Anna Maria Ringle, William Bolinger, Mary Kepple, Christian Ringle, Margaret Bowman, Samuel Kepple, Elizabeth Ringle, Samuel Bowman, Agnes Kepple, John Remaly, Ann Clark, John Kepple, Eliza Shaffer, Henry Clark, Henry Miller, Jacob Shaffer, Susanna Clark, Susan Miller, Sarah Starry, Deborah The first church was doubtless dedicated before August 22, 1841, since no record of it is made in the faithfully-kept diary of Pastor Zimmerman, 1841-1849. Additional ground was bought by the Lutherans for $100, on which a frame church was built for $2,000, and dedicated by Pastor Michael Colver, October 13, 1871. This building with some repairs has served the con- gregation for 53 years. An adjoining grove of maples is much admired, and serves many good purposes. This church suffered severely during the synodical controversy. Pastor John Welfley was compelled to resign because of his support of the General Council. At that time Apollo, Springs, and Maysville constituted a parish; later South Bend took the place of Apollo in the parish; in 1895 Maysville and South Bend withdrew and left Springs isolated. Pastor T. J. Frederick continued to reside near the church, however, and he supplied the church until it was given regular services by pastors of the Kiskiminetas Valley. The pastors were: Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1841-1849; Rev. John Rugan, 1849-1850; Rev. J. N. Burket, 1851-1853; Rev. David Fiarhart, 1854-1860; Rev. J. A. Delo, 1860-1864; Rev. John Welfley, 1864-1868; Rev. Michael Colver, 1868-1872; Sup- plies, 1872-1876; Rev. G. F. Schaeffer, 1876-1882; Rev. C. B. King, 1883-1890; Rev. T. J. Frederick, 1890-1911; Supplies, 1911-1916 sRevii Vie relares Dee Cann hy ele oar EMMANUEL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH KITTANNING TWP., ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA. This church is located on the Garrett Run road about four miles east of Manorville. It is commonly called Hileman’s after a well known family of the county. Peter and Elizabeth Hile- man came to this community about the year 1798, and their twelve children have become a host. For many years the Hile- mans and other Germans of this section attended services at HiclLORY OF “THE-PICTSBURGH 4sYNOD 365 Rupp’s, not seeing the value of multiplying churches when _ pastors were scarce. Emmanuel Church was not organiz- ed until 1840, when Rev. John Herman Bernheim was in charge of the par- ish. A tract of land was donated by Peter Huile- man, on which a church was built in 1843, but the deed was not executed until March 20, 1846. The corner stone was laid; June 27, 1843, and the building dedicated by Pastor Bernheim, May 5, 1844. At the time of the lavinowoi ytheryco.r i er stone certain regulations were adopted, in which the congregation assumed the name of “Emmanuel’s Church of the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Kittanning Township, Armstrong County, Pa.” One of these regulations was: “As long as there are six members of this con- gregation who do not understand English, German must be preached if possible’. At the first communion service in their church the following persons received the sacrament: Bernheim, Rev. J. H. Heilman, Sarah Muckenfus, Frederick Bernheim, Lizetta Heilman, Stephen Muckenfus, Mrs. F. Garver, Mary Heilman, Simon Richard, Joseph Heilman, Jacob Heilman, Lydia Richard, Mrs. Joseph Heilman, Mrs. Jacob Iseinan, Jacob Rupert, Charles Heilman, Frederick Iseman, Mrs. Jacob Reider, Dietterich Heilman, Mrs. Frederick Iseman, John Schrecongost, Isaac Heilman, Isaac Iseman, Elizabeth Shoop, John and wife Heilman, Mrs. Isaac Koch, John and wife Stitt, John Heilman, Martha Kunkel, M. Snyder, Elizabeth Heilman, Ann Kunkel, Mrs. M. Truby, Christian During the pastorate of Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1847-1858, the congregation developed into one of the strongest rural churches of the county, numbering 140 communing members. Services were held every four weeks, alternating between Ger- man and English. After the call of Pastor John A. Earnest in 1859, all services were held in English. The present frame church was erected at a cost of $1,833, and dedicated by Pastor G.W. Leisher, October 19, 1879. The pastors were: Rev. J. H. Bernheim, 1840-1846; Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1847-1858; Rev. J. A. Earnest, 1859-1869; Rev. J. B. Miller, 1870-1871; Rev. 366 HISTOR Y\OF YEH EGE WIPES BURGH Sy NOD A. S. Miller, 1872-1877; Rev. G. W. Leisher, 1877-1885; Rev. J. W. Tressler, 1886-1899; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1900-1909; Rev. . J. G. Langham, 1910-. THE HEBRON EVANGELICAL. LUTHERAN CHURCH PERG BU REP AS The beginnings of Lutheranism in this valley are traceable to 1796, when “Allegheny” was one of the preaching appoint- ments of Pastor J. M. Steck of Greensburg. These services were held in private homes for many years, and were probably not more fre- 4 UE SNS EER e most part they were held i in the home of Jacob Klingenschmidt, about two miles from Leech- \ 1 oS ED a © iT a pre eG Dl Mas Jee aS quent than three or four = VWdabcsess ce times sal lyearse or mene h burg. When the time aN came to build their first A C hac he ati aCremean ground was offered by Jacob Klingenschmidt, fal and a similar offer was made by Daniel Frantz. = They lutheran, andwewees o ONG ee pastors tried to the division thus created, but their failure led to the building of two rival churches about the year 1820. The first was known as the “Log Church’, and the second as “Brick Church”, but the con- gregation was named Salem. In the church record of Pastor J. M. Steck it is called ‘“Tishgiminegas”, but in the diary of Pastor G. A. Reichert it is called “Salem” or “Klingenschmidt’s.” The site for the brick church was deeded, July 4, 1817, the name Presbyterian being applied to the Reformed. It was roofed and floored at the time of dedication, but not furnished with seats until 1844, after which the divided congregation worshipped there in harmony. The last Reformed service was held in this building in 1852, the Reformed people being absorbed by the Lutherans. The burial ground was used as early as 1810. A permanent organization of the congregation was probably ef- fected, September 4, 1814, when a communion was held by Pas- tor John M. Steck, recorded in the Greensburg Church Book, that was attended by the following: HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 367 Antoni, George Keppel, Elizabeth Klingenschmidt, Peter Antoni, Susanna Keppel, Margaret Klingenschmidt, Christina Alms, Christina Keppel, Philip Klingenschmidt, Samuel Baer, Anna Maria Keppel, Susanna Klingenschmidt, Katharina Bender, Elizabeth Keppel, Ludwig Klingenschmidt, John Erdmann, Sibilla Keppel, Christina Klingenschmidt, Susanna Eisamann, Christian Klein, Heinrich Mayer, Susanna Eisamann, Elizabeth Klein, Katharina Schuster, Peter Goehring, Anna Maria Klingenschmidt, Philip Schaffer, Jacob Gartner, Friedrich Klingenschmidt, Katharina Schaffer, Solomon Gartner, Elizabetha Klingenschimdt, Maria Schaffer, Barbara Heil, Magdalena Klingenschimdt, George Schaffer, Elizabeth Heil, Elizabeth Klingenschimdt, Sibilla Sober, George Heil, Susanna Klingenschmidt, Jacob Sober. Margaret Hethmoata Klingenschmidt, Elizabeth Speucher, Maria Klingenschmidt, Anna M. Yung, Elizabeth It is not likely that such a large communion service would have been conducted without a regular organization, and it may be reasonably assumed that Salem Church was organized then if not before. The first confirmation service of this congregation was conducted by Pastor John M. Steck, September 8, 1816, when twenty were confirmed. This also was recorded in the Greensburg Church Book. The oldest confirmation record of the Salem Church Book was dated, May 2, 1822, when thirty- one were confirmed. The baptismal records of the congregation begin with April 4, 1819. The records of the first two years are given in full, because the family names are still prominent in the Lutheran life of the Kiskiminetas Valley. CHILDREN PARENTS BIRTHDAY KeppelmeMarvarethais. ia) accent ck Jonannes ana” Kathaviniag cee ee Feb. 22, 1819 Atras §GCOLe Cas ai eee ee tok \@eerin ayncl. Sirisesainey ole eid bo ees Apr. 25, 1819 aac kam OSE Dinette te ea test otek IDyeyagtale nays: IMI; 2 ceank-s eve erecseecs doesent Mch. 18, 1819 Miattlin vere Petnisee:.2e at ctunee ene. fohaan, Byetel UNSER IREN SINE), Seb aN olsen een Jane oy S19 Kal earregme taut natal tame eee ease eas eee veieice JElevuaeeu@lal 2WaGl USEMBINEWAEAEY oy 5k cosscatrcxreono Apr. 30, 1819 Antonmebliza pethawmeer satan mcs: ohantesmancm riz alee licen eee eee Jan. 9, 1819 Uneerenr eGevr ve We ef aa eae Phil end “Susanna: etc ein tee Aug., 1819 RaCtee ICAL Mo Ti fia geet Memes cto aches ohannesma nda \latiannee as serene re Sept. 21, 1819 Schoener) olannesa tects seg i cute Hohannmand s\Vatoaret aes eee nen eer Nov. 3, 1819 Kileimpmpcleinnichgom see tot) Reriibartecd nce liza lett: June 8, 1820 Wan ome Wallliel ieee octet ecm cess Uovawiy GanGl MEW WARAEY cosh sedan ae ocdee nue June 2, 1820 ScheanereVlatia wees. beets tee acobRarcdae Vian dee eeee a emer ee eee June 11, 1820 Keppelee Lidiameiteas fh eon Soke bee GeorrevandsAnnas Mariam se ee Mch. 11, 1820 Kangeenschmidty CCl i. eccrine VoOnannessan Ue OUSatin amet knee eee Mch. 17, 1820 PL G1IS Sa 11 Made eee meee, ose MeN tes Petepe and wiltzanet ha sects: tc de July 24, 1820 MSTILOTIU ME COG Cebete, vac miec cs taica eee nites Betersandelianameses see, wee sete ree en Aug. 12, 1820 Biadclsts Danie ley easier 2 occa MichaelfandsSiusania sees eee June 27, 1820 Gunipertaee annals Vania es meer (Gimiiigaeya, aeael Gyeceiaael 25 Sages. Apr 8.) 1821 KepoelasViarcareciia peeerc sere Ehilrpmancikolsa ita see ee eee Aug. 18, 1821 DiGraiaers tisaniaeeeeee. ese ee Michaci@andtewiteae == ee eee Feb. 19, 1819 d Fabra Ke) shat 3 dete reese Eee are phen ae Jiohnwandwiter tic. 2 aes eee eee Jan. 28, 1816 Erdmannqeenpra hate ste ek ee Johannesmands witches) were | eee eee Nov. 30, 1819 Klingenschmidt, Katharina ..........0.00.... Samiuewand IS atAatiial ee ee ke a a Mch. 4, 1820 Baer aacobt Peas Sa eee ranches aAcobmandmE lizabetiica assess meee ee nee Mch. 1, 1820 Keppel Marcatetia gp ener rsee rs InrdiwicmandeChigistinager nee. Nov. 4, 1819 Paasche OSC Rian Ag tn eae tet Josepiisandh Bizabethawd tasty a. Oct. 24, 1820 Kimvenschimidt ee anielamn:4..crsaecs AGeOr ema nCetoi ill aparece sehen ee nn Decess10, 1820 From 1796 to 1816 Rev. John M. Steck continued to make regular visits to the community; and it was to him that the fathers of the Leechburg Church looked for the ministry of word and sacrament. From 1817 to 1823 Rev. John Adam Mohler preached at Klingensmith’s, St. Michael’s, and the Forks ; and it is quite probable that he was the pastor here from 1817 368 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD to 1823, since he was a licensed candidate of the Ohio Synod and a resident of Armstrong County during that period. His ministry was not very successful, since he was better adapted to teaching singing schools than preaching. From 1824 to 1834 Rev. G. A. Reichert was pastor of Salem Church, preaching every four weeks in German. The only ministerial acts per- formed by this pastor in Leechburg, so far as his diary indi- cates, were private baptisms. When he retired from the field, Rev. Michael J. Steck, a son of the first pastor, took charge of the congregation, and served them every four weeks on Satur- days. This arrangement continued until the year 1841. At the beginning of his pastorate he was asked by the Lutherans of Leechburg to preach for them on Saturday afternoons, when he visited Salem Church. The request was granted, and services were held in a frame school house, north of where the M. E. Church now stands. 1“When the weather was warm and the audience large, the services were held under the shade of a large hickory tree that stood about one hundred yards north of the school house. The first communion held in Leechburg by Rev. M. J. Steck, as re- corded in the Church Book of the Leechburg congregation, was September 28, 1833.” It will be noted that this service was conducted by Pastor Steck while Pastor Reichert was still in charge of Salem Church. In 1841 Pastor Steck resigned this part of his large parish, and Rev. Jacob Zimmerman preached his introductory sermon in Leechburg, July 24, 1841. The congregation was formally or- ganized by Pastor Jacob Zimmerman, July 17, 1842, when a Church Council, consisting of John Wannemal cee George Kep- pel, David Kuhns, and Jacob Hill, was elected. “Services were held every four weeks, but not well attended. On February 10, 1844, much to his chagrin, the pastor found not a single member of the congregation present. He preached the last sermon of this pastorate, August 25, 1844. In October of the same year, a young licensed pastor of the East Ohio Synod, Rev. David Earhart, visited the congregation and was extended a call. His coming meant a new birth for the congregation. His intense pastoral visitation aroused the entire community, and the little school house soon proved too small for the large and increasing congregations. A congregational meeting was held, March 9, 1845, at which it was determined to build a suitable church. ‘The building committee, consisting of Jacob Hill, David Kuhns, and Daniel Hill, let a contract to George Kline for $1,150. The corner stone was laid, September 7, 1845, and the church dedi- 1—History of the Evangelical Lutheran Church at Leechburg, Earhart, page 3. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 369 cated by Rev. Michael J. Steck, May 30, 1847, during the fourth convention of the Pittsburgh Synod. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. W. A. Passavant. This was the first church building erected in Leechburg, and was well adapted to the needs of the congregation. A charter was secured from the court of Armstrong County, June 22, 1848. A new constitution was adopted, March 8, 1848. During the pastorate of Rev. Earhart, 1844-1853, he baptized 128 children and admitted 174 persons to communicant membership. Many of these accessions came from Salem Church, causing sharp antagonism between the two pastors. His annual compensation averaged between $300 and $400. During 1853 and 1854 Rev. George F. Ehrenfeld served as supply pastor. Rev. John W. Cregelo was elected pastor, August 7, 1854, but died a few weeks after taking charge. The next pastor was Rev. Lewis Marchand Kuhns, a son of the congregation. and a tower of strength in Hebron. “He was first called as a supply pastor, in connection with his Free- Dott se arisn.. and, lJaterbecamerthe tesular pastor, THis ‘work was so successful as to call forth a high tribute from Doctor Passavant in “The Missionary” of October 14, 1858. His Leech- burg experiences are best expressed in his own words: “I may say that ten years of my labor there, from 1856 to 1866, were the most satisfactory and successful of my ministry. At one communion, I confirmed a class of fifty catechumens and received fourteen others. For over two years, without any special extraordinary services, we en- joyed a constant state of revival. I never before or since experienced anything like it. The Church and religion constituted the general theme of conversation throughout the community and the region round about. Leechburg at that time was only a small village of about three hundred inhabitants. The actual available membership of the church, when I took charge, was only sixty. It had been larger, but for various causes had become scattered. Five years later, at the breaking out of the war, the membership was about three hundred and fifty. About two miles from Leechburg was a congregation (Klingensmith’s), belonging to the Joint Synod of Ohio and served by Rev. Jacob Zimmerman. This had formerly been a large, strong congregation, but had now dwindled down to about fifty or sixty members. Many of these were dissatisfied and began to come over to us. At every communion there were acces- sions from these, until at length they disbanded, and all that were left, nineteen in number including the minister’s wife, came over to us in a body. My resignation of the Leechburg Church and removal to Ohio, in 1866, was wholly my own doing, without any cause whatever so far as the congregation was concerned, and it has ever since been a serious question with me whether it was not a mistake. I have often felt that I should have made the cultivation of that field my life’s work. I left there a membership of three hundred devoted friends, all peaceful and harmonious, without any discordant element whatever. Just before the death of my father, David Kuhns, which occurred in 1863, he do- nated to the church the two lots on which the present edifice stands, for the purpose of erecting thereon an academy, and on which there was subsequently put up a three-story brick building. We wanted this 2—See Historical Collections of Pittsburgh Synod, Historical Society, Gettysburg. 370 HISTORYSO—R THEE ELI SBURGH SYNOD property held under the same charter with the church, but found that this would require some change. Accordingly a committee, of which I was chairman, was appointed to make a general revision of the char- ter. When we came to the clause which requires the pastor to belong to some regularly organized synod, it was suggested that, as we were entirely satisfied with our connection with the General Synod, and as there were grounds for apprehension that efforts were being made to take the Pittsburgh Synod out, a clause be inserted to the effect that the pastor must belong to some synod in connection with the General Synod. This met with the full approval of the committee, and was unanimously adopted by the congregation in a meeting called for the purpose. When I resigned in 1866, I recommended Rev. Jonathan Sarver as my successor, having good reason, as I thought, to believe that he was in full accord with our General Synod connection.” Pastor Sarver, however, remained with the majority party of the Pittsburgh Synod, when it voted to unite with the General Council. When he learned that the charter of Hebron Church required its pastors to belong to some synod connected with the General Synod, a congregational meeting was called for the pur- pose of changing the charter. This meeting was held, March 5, 1868, and resulted in a vote of 57 to 42 in favor of the change. From that time there was a sharp line drawn between friends of the General Synod and friends of the General Council in Hebron. Men prominent in church circles were called in by both parties, and sentiment was about evenly divided. A petition to the court for a change of charter was then circulated and signed; while those opposed prepared a remonstrance that had almost an equal number of signatures. When the matter was presented to court, Attorney Frank Mechling was appointed master of evi- dence. Doctor J. A. Brown, Rev. Lewis M: Kuhns, Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, and Rev. H. H. Hall were summoned as witnesses for the. General Synod;.Docter C.1P. Krauth, Doctors Wwe Passavant, Doctor Henry W. Roth, Doctor Samuel Laird, Rev. J. K. Melhorn, Rev. Gottlieb Bassler, and Rev. Jonathan Sarver were called as witnesses for the General Council. Leechburg laymen, called to testify on the case, were Peter Klingensmith, Jacob Keppel, Winchester Hill, J. A. Moorehead, John W. Hill, George J. Fry, John Hill, and George W. Lininger. %In the decision of the court, December 14, 1871, doctrinal questions were ignored, and the church property was given to the General Synod party on the ground of charter rights. An appeal to the supreme court, after much delay, resulted in sustaining the de- cision of the lower court. During all these trying years, Rev. Jonathan Sarver was pastor of the General Council congregation which worshipped in the church, and Rev. H. H. Hall was pastor of the General Synod congregation, which worshipped for a time in other churches and later in the academy. The pastorate of Rev. Hall continued from August 1, 1868, to April 1, 1870, 3—For the complete testimony on this case, see Archives of the Pittsburgh Synod. HISTORY OF: THE PITTSBURGH’ SYNOD aAL when he was able to report a congregation of 141 members. The next three pastors were: Rev. F. T. Hoover, 1870-1881; Rev. Lewis Hay, 1881-1885; Rev. J. W. Poffinberger, 1885-1897. The twelve years of service given to Hebron Church by Pastor Poffin- berger deserve special notice. Under his leadership the member- ship was increased to 491, and the present church dedicated. The corner stone of this church was laid, October 20, 1887, no less than seven Lutheran pastors being present at the service. The church was built of brick and stone at a cost of $18,000, and dedicated free of debt, September 9, 1888. ‘The sermon was preached by Doctor W. H. Dunbar, and the service of dedica- tion read by Doctor EF. H. Dornblaser. During the year 1888 a brick parsonage was built on the lot adjoining the church, at a cost of $2,500. The next pastor was Rev. J. C. N. Park, during whose pastorate of two years there was much friction, resulting in the withdrawal of a number of members and the organization of Grace Church. A special meeting of the Pittsburgh Synod was held in Leechburg, June-26, 1900, in order to adjust the trouble. ‘The irenic spirit of the next pastor, Doctor George M. Heindel, did much to restore the former prosperity of the con- gregation. Doctor Blint took charge of the parish, November 9, 1905, and, by a devotion rarely equalled, was able to build up a great congregation of 724 confirmed members. ‘The benevo- lences of Hebron Church under his leadership have been an in- spiration to the entire Pittsburgh Synod. The following is a consecutive list of the pastorates: Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1842- 1844; Rev. David Earhart, 1844-1853; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld ESUPDLVY seLOQo7 Got se wevt | Wi Crevelo, 18547 eRev., IZ: MM Kuhns (supply), 1855-1856; Rev. L. M. Kuhns, 1856-1866; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1866-1868; Rev. H. H. Hall, 1868-1870; Rev. F. T. Hoover, 1870-1881; Rev. Lewis Hay, 1881-1885; Rev. J. W. Poffinberger, 1885-1897; Rev. J. C. N. Park, 1898- ae Rev. G. M. le nden DD ee190021905.4 Revs Heb Blint , 1905-. BETHEL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BETHEL TOWNSHIP, ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PA The first Lutheran services of this community were held in the home of Mathias Wolf, September 14, 1833, by Rev. G. A. Reichert. These services were continued for three years, usually on Saturdays, but no attempt was made to organize a congrega- tion. When Rev. David Earhart became pastor of the Leech- burg Parish in 1844, he began to hold services in a school house. After these services had continued for some time, a congrega- tion of forty-nine members was organized, August 13, 1846. The officers chosen at the time of organization were: Joseph 372 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD e St Snyder and Samuel S tee Mansfield, elders; and i re i Peter Wareham and Pas ea os + Jacob Keffer, deacons. wi At a subsequent meeting it was decided to build a frame church, and Jacob Wolf, Samuel Mansfield, and Peter Wareham were selected as the building committee. A committee on location, consisting of Solomon King, Samuel Mansfield, Jacob Wolf, Samuel Bruner Sr., Lewis Orner, Mathias Wolf, and Porter Stewart, se- cured an acre of ground from Samuel Mansfield at a reasonable price, and the purchase was ap- proved by the congregation. ‘The corner stone of the church was laid, May 6, 1847, and the church dedicated, May 12, 1850, Rev. John B. Breckenridge delivering the chief address. 7 { i. . . enters j -i« ey \ at | \ Say ¥ i A ae vaatlera ard z a , e Or vein Lage i eR ae a Pe te 4 Say. ape ii nk ie qed hia -; oy et hig rf beh, . ina th hie ver Pb Al ae He Van he wf \ ; pati Pa a’ ©. ea eu ‘ ard e aa e 4 ist OAM 44 i Me ' f 7 ’ w : ; i i ot : i ae ; AIRE TAN: Ref ect ob ok es eS ae ‘iar Sf es , gine SUF. 4s FES . ‘roe ee ‘ " (ee aA ff ar ta . 4 ¥- he : a q ees > vob x bey v Pi, 4 ¥ st A cs SESE ae pr ‘sparta Rete, ass t i! - : . 7% i ' ‘ hey fac’ , = poms MONARO ¢ paar . ¥r oe ve ae, pee oe ‘i toe OF pat Hae 4 ae Pn AF dl ye is eee eaten > . plah we). sive, Pa en aa ‘ oe ee 4 ed, Ve VE Cul ae A Wass vy | ble CT CR? ms bes eer oY af At i) EP ee ATE Bei th mn “a ka nies be es ‘ . “y - ig ' * p * gute ys rh herds fy. Po 1414 &} yh snes “Ot | noes in Ree ale hed ae ee Rees kt os By 4 RAT a dc kbs fe oe iis i , ? é hy rary ai > sey Bs . ee Fee ED 5 Po: a > tye a Psy rim yee a ee ete ye en. Fs ' i bits rid > * j TL wor bi + se Sa yD 0 iho ‘ oe “A Tha ny 3 ee * d i mo. 43 rage fi 1? i iy a 4 PIC oe rt Peon ‘ » NG ase Sa = th = oF t " = ’ at Mas cb a yet hy era “Mie so Bae SME ryt ruAs AK Gt Ms aes i Let 7 ~ Fre he P 5 . 3 K ts wea al he i At i ‘ ia e ed a f (fee SRG Hkh 5 Pats ates aad FSC say piteae " RE, sl As ae ; ee PR ene Po Tee 4 a | iene Vr the ri sre ts ye ie 4 ~S \4 Be ap * > Mery, © a a : 4S ee iv WER avr ite a ye daa Mat SHG e é f uf =~ ot ai py Sey | ; * a; ie ow ¥ silt a 9h «age Cree: ene ae 4 aoa ns ES bie € A BRATS Toe OR Gal = 9 ji Pa 7 m3 el Bs : ts i . ad we ee ia es eas ahs arab) Fit, sau i % 3 4 i U cs ( wt , a3 i ae + ah | Pes a iis Aes ahs, SA a it re ee se . i A 7 a { ml r 5 6) chLarne Se 2 dpe Eee 4 et 4q. “aly sets ey —_— > ai Ad wel ee Challe: - APM Mt ee ba fy a F 7 .4yer ove : a Det Sicha radars ag 4 ; ee res 7] ’ “J ‘ Dy 78 tee 4 Hes ‘antes hs cinta tt: * Pea a PRT ED oats a 3 it * i. Br th Aig is ° * Lo. Kg . © e+ ln a ekg Fe eae, & aes ray tae ti piers Rar: : ' Tag ‘ 4448.4 f a ; iy) ri fly ae PTE ght Pah ad ee ‘+ NM Zita, BH, yb airs £5. ara | pudh , t 244i ; wee ‘ pe 4 ; SRE LTE PAS Nie ge StF Sas olin bile: he phe iyi * et AGRI ’ oe ee A eRe ee hae a ve ne Wee eae ies eres C wait ¥ “at ae vie. wid ke mi pers - sale ho ulpesinne catia ls Mangan Pec SCO Shakeel een Lie A ‘ J ; Dial 46) frigate it Sree T esi By come aad a eae et te Aepai sae aes Drie O ti! eRe Se aa ee mete nifiys BP ee he: Dip ‘8 a a. y jo Poi te ti eat tt is = hiya th ep } AS : ‘ pute 4b : ‘a : Laret) Sian ahs 4 BAS eck eh ie ee pam ; ; , i % ; re A oe : a gy i be re Sa AD ies i i a ented Ad hee : , | een. chee ite Fk is a | : me ‘ A ' a a ay ny a eee A He ¢h i C ne 54 m4 4 7 Ws eee hh : 2's jain Me ea lhl as Se Tg fs -— 7 ~ Ses io. q t: “~ jj ss ae > i 3s ‘ ‘ 7 ‘ nase ci . a, by) ¥ sf ‘ atin @ s 5 ’ ; ; , ae ice nV Be ' = am 7, he ET) eg ee ae i , p, * , * ” i — \ ' : vs +4 é | { ies wr eos ue ae : ih : ys j } : ' os : er 24 j res al a ss gh , WI OLAe ae oe At ad a { mery cA : re ) Rh ee Bye rh Dae ; i ie t . 1 ‘> r a 7 it ith. ro. a 4 ah . rY, a ae , hs in ae CHAPTER XI CHURCHES OF BEAVER COUNTY 1832-1924 “My tabernacle also shall be with them.” EZAGQEAVER COUNTY was taken from Allegheny and Washington, March 12, 1800, but not organized for judicial purposes until 1803. The first white settlers were the German Moravian missionaries, who con- ducted a mission near Darlington, 1770-1773, and then followed their Indian converts into Ohio. From 1768 to 1785 the Ohio River separated Pennsylvania from the In- dian land; andno man built a cabin north of that line during that period, except at the peril of his life. George Baker, a Pennsyl- vania German, settled on Raccoon Creek in 1772, but he and his family were taken to Canada by the Indians during the Revolu- tionary War. Returning after an absence of several years, he cleared his farm for the second time and lived here until the day of his death. It is said that travelling Lutheran missionaries held services in his home at an early date, but whatever organt- zation was effected in the Raccoon district was allowed to perish for lack of ministers. The first settlers of Beaver County were chiefly Scotch-Irish. The first of the German settlements was that of the dissatisfied Eronomites, who came to Monaca under the leadership of Count DeLeon in 1832, and founded the New Philadelphia Society. This society established St. Peter’s Church of Monaca, which has been served by pastors of the Pittsburgh Synod for many years. Between the years 1830 and 1836 many Germans settled in the vicinity of the Knob, where St. John’s Church was founded by Pastor John H. Hohnholz in 1832. It was named St. Daniel’s in honor of Daniel Otto, who donated the ground. The Breitensteins of Wall Rose were among the founders of this congregation, but they withdrew in 1838 to found St. Matthew’s Church nearer home. It is also claimed that a German congregation was established in Bridgewater as early as 1835. All these first German congregations were of a liberal type, and accepted Lutheran, Reformed, and Evangelical pastors with equal pleasure. That a number of these churches are now in the Pittsburgh Synod is due to the fact that their strongest pastors happened to be Lutherans. The English con- gregations established by Doctor Passavant had few Germans in their original membership. The leading churches of the county 400 HISTORY OP DH EPILTSBURGH SYNOD in 1916 were Roman Catholic, Methodist, and Presbyterian. The Lutherans had 20 churches with 3,828 members in 1919, all but two of which belonged to the Pittsburgh Synod. Six of these churches conducted part of their services in German; the rest were entirely English. O17. .PETER’S UNITED EVANS PROTESTANG CH Uinta: MONACA, PA. The founding of this church was due to the dissatisfied Economites, who left the parent colony under the leadership of Count Maximilian De Leon, March 6, 1832, organized the New Philadelphia Society, and bought the entire tract of ground on which Monaca now stands. The true name of their leader was Bernard Mueller. He came from Germany with forty followers in 1831, and identified himself with the Economites in the same year. Ina short time radical differences of opinion developed between George Rapp and himself, especially on the question of marriage, leading to a secession of 250 members, who formed the New Philadelphia Society. Count De Leon was made president of the society, and was assisted in its government by twelve trustees. The sum of $105,000 was received from the Econo- mites at the time of the secession, but this was quickly spent in the purchase of land and the erection of necessary buildings. Financial difficulties followed, and the society was dissolved by mutual agreement, August 10, 1833.' De Leon removed’ to Louisiana a few weeks later, where he died in 1834. The re- maining members carried on a cooperative business in Monaca for a few years, but gradually established business interests of their-own. Among the first buildings erected by the society in 1832 was St. Peter’s Church. Services were held in this church every Sunday, conducted by Count De Leon or S. G. Goentgen. In the cupola was installed a peal of three bells, one of which was later given to Miss Agnes Schade, a member of St. Peter’s, for service in the Rajahmundry Mission in India. ‘The first communion service of the church was also given her for a sim- ilar purpose. The church was so well built that it has served the congregation to the present day. It was renovated in 1888, when new pews and memorial windows were installed. Some of the pews, as well as the altar, were preserved as memorials of the handiwork of the New Philadelphians. The pipe organ, said to be the oldest in the valley, is also kept for use on special occa- sions. Electric chandeliers did not replace the oil lamps until 1922. ‘The first ordained pastor was Rev. FE. F. Winter of the Reformed Church, whose pastorate continued from 1834 to 1859. At his direction a constitution was adopted in 1835, in SISTER ELIZABETH HUPPERTS 402 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD which the name “St. Peter’s United Evangelical Protestant Church of Phillipsburg” was assumed. As late as 1923 this constitution was still in force. Some large buildings on Fourth street, erected by De Leon, were bought and converted into a sanatorium by Doctor Edward Acker in 1848; and for this rea- son the town was sometimes called Water Cure, although it was incorporated as Phillipsburg in 1840, and renamed Monaca in 1892. These buildings furnished the first home of Thiel College. During the five years in which the educational work of the Pitts- burgh Synod was carried on here, professors and students wor- shipped in St. Peter’s as a separate congregation. The first Lu- theran pastor of St. Peter’s was Rev. Frederick Zimmerman, who served a large parish consisting of Phillipsburg, Bridge- water, New Castle, and Zion. After short pastorates by Rev. J. C. Yehle and Rev. J. O. Zwicker, another Pittsburgh Synod pastor was secured in the person of Rev. Carl Jaeckel. Since that time-all the pastors 01 ot.) beter sy withethe .exceaionmes Rev. Michael Orendt, have been members of the Pittsburgh Synod. During the course of the years, many of the children of the original stock have become members of the Church of the Redeemer, but a large number of Siebenburger Saxons have come here recently, all of whom look to St. Peter’s Church as their spiritual home. ‘The following pastors have served here: Rev. E. F. Winter, 1835-1859; Rey. Frederick Zimmerman, 1$59-1 66 li aieviee |e Ome edie 1861- 1862) Reve | © ms7wickem 1862- 1864: Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1865- 1867 ; Rev. E. F. Giese, 1867- 1868 ; Rev. C. J steinbachs 1868- 1870 ; Rev. Peter Born, 1870- 1876: Rev. M. F. Dethlefs (supply), 1876-1877 : Rev. F, Gar Lemcke, 1877-1901; Rev. Michael Orendt, 1901-1902; Rev. Paul Kummer, 1902-1905; Rev. Robert Barner, 1905-1925; Rev. H. QO SB Simolertad 9252 Sie PAUL SOE VANGEEICAT Wa Gib RANE GT Gi Gia ROCHE S GE Re PAs The Germans of Beaver and vicinity were organized into a congregation by Pastor Jacob Hoelsche of the Ohio Synod as early as 1835. It was such a free church, however, that Lu- theran pastors found it hard to serve. This congregation was made the nucleus of the Beaver Mission, established by the Pitts- burgh Synod in 1847. The first pastor of the mission was Rev. Casper Braun, who suffered many indignities and was compelled to resign in 1850. His successor was Pastor H. C. Kaehler, who was able to lay the foundations of a genuine Lutheran work. A frame church was bought from the Baptists in 1853, and dedi- cated as St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church by Pastor Kaehler. When he resigned in 1858 he left a church of 30 mem- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 403 bers. His successors were Rev. Frederick Zimmerman, 1859- 1861, and Rev. J. G. Pfuhl, 1861-1863. In 1866 a new mission parish was formed of Rochester and East Liverpool, to which Rev. E. F. Giese was called. The services at Rochester were held in Grace Church, where St. John’s Church of Bridgewater and the Reformed Church of Rochester united to form St. Paul’s Lutheran Church in 1867. Both congregations agreed to sell their properties and build a new church in Rochester. Two lots were secured for $575, September 24, 1867, and then a two-story brick church was erected. The corner stone was laid, September le LbOo, eancdatheychurch dedicatediby,/Pastor,Ce | stembach, July 25, 1869. The parish at that time consisted of Rochester, Phillipsburg, and East Liverpool. During the pastorate of Rev. Peter Born, 1870-1876, a new constitution was adopted and a charter secured. Student F. C. FE. Lemcke spent the summer of 1876 in the parish, and pleased the people so well that he became their regular pastor, April 1, 1877, and served until death, July 13, 1902. Pastor Robert Barner also closed his pastorate here in death, January 19, 1925. The following pastors have served the congregation since the merger of 1867: Rev. E. F. Giese, 1867- 1868; Rev. C. J. Steinbach, 1868-1870; Rev. Peter Born, 1870- 1876; Rev. F. C. E. Lemcke, 1877-1902; Rev. G. A. Fechner, 19027-1904 -a5, Reva, Robert Barner» 1905-1925 3 “Rev? HH.’ O. FE: Simoleit, 1925-. pe VAS DLE Wish AN Lob RAN CHURCH. VATE ©) SRG Between 1832 and 1837 a number of Germans from Alsace, Wittenberg, Bavaria, and Switzerland settled in Economy Town- ship. Prominent among these were the Breitensteins, after whom the church was commonly named. Beginning in 1837, Rev. E. F. Winter of the Reformed Church held services in their homes. On January 1, 1838, he organized what was known as the “Ger- man Evangelical Reformed and Lutheran Church”. Among the members of this congregation in 1840 were the following: Amsler, J. J. Hammon, Philip Schaeffer, Johann Bardonner, Adam Hockenberger, Johann Schmidt, Johann Breitenstein, Herman Hoenig, Jacob Schneider, Johann Breitenstein, Wilhelm Kuhlman, Johannes New, Heinrich Brodel, George Loeffert, Andreas Sevin, Karl Eckert, Heinrich Mattern, Christian Sevin, Michael Fisenhuth, Philip Mattern, Philip Sohn, Valentin Eisenhuth, Johann Meszmann, Johann Tauber, Conrad Frey, Michael Musch, Christoph. Weyl, Wilhelm Gross, Heinrich Neumer, Heinrich Zipke, Christian Probably forty additional families were identified with the congregation during the next twenty years, showing that it was “9 404 HISTORY OB HM ESPEELSBURGH SYNOD located in a strong German settlement. ‘The erection of their first church was made possible by Wilhelm Breitenstein, who sold them two acres of ground for $12, and then donated the pur- chase price to the building fund. ‘The logs for this church were cut on the farms of Jacob Hoenig, John Danny, and Philip , Hammon; the shingles were furnished by Herman Breitenstein ; and such additional donations were made that the cost was not more than $100 in money. It was dedicated as St. Matthew’s Church by Pastor E. F. Winter, May 22, 1842. When this church became too small for the congregation, additional ground was donated by Henry Breitenstein. The corner stone of a new church was laid, August 9, 1854, and the building dedicated by Pastor Winter,’ June 3, 1855. As in the first instance?so much was donated that the cash cost of the church was less than $1,000. The old log church was-sold in 1855, but was still used as a stable in 1922. New pews and stained glass windows were installed in 1900. The first constitution was adopted, January 4, 1845; the second on June 3, 1855; the third in 1880. A charter was obtained in 1884. The chief feature of these changes of constitution was the change of names. At first they called them- selves the “German Evangelical Reformed and Lutheran Church”; in the constitution of 1880 they were called ‘The Ger- man United Evangelical St. Matthew’s Church”; and at present the congregation is known as “St. Matthew’s Evangelical Lu- theran Church”. At the beginning only German was used in the public services; since 1909 it has been eliminated. In early years the policy of the congregation was exceedingly liberal, and any German pastor was welcome in the pulpit, whether he was Lu- theran, Reformed, or Evangelical. An article in the constitution of 1855 said: “This congregation shall not be in connection with any synodical body as long as three members only are opposed to it”, but sentiment gradually changed, until in 1922 the congre- gation voted unanimously to apply for membership in the Pitts- burgh Synod. The first Lutheran pastor of St. Matthew’s was Rey. Carl Jaeckel, whose parish in 1866 included Phillipsburg, Wall Rose, Brandt’s, and Glenfield. A notable pastorate was that of Rev. tte Reinartz, whose strong conservative teaching laid the foundations for the work of later years. The following is a consecutive list of pastors: Rev. E. F. Winter, 1838-1865; Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1865-1867; Rev. Herman Gilbert, 1867-1872; Rev. John Muehlhauser, 1875 ; Rev. Blaesi, Rev. Minnich, Rev. Frommel, 1875-1887 ; Rey. J. G, Reinartz, 1887- 1399°° Revied = AR Frischkorn, 1899- 1901 ; ARC asad Eto fal Gy Glatzert, 1902- 1907; Rev. J. A. Frischkorn (second term), 1907-1909; Rev. J. I. Shand. 1909-1915; Rev. W. M. Weaver, 1915-1916; Rev. H. D. Whit- teker, 1917-1921 ; Rev. Bernard Fetterly, 1921-. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 405 Sr. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH FREEDOM, PA. Freedom was founded by the boat-building firm of Phillips and Graham in 1832. ‘The first houses were regarded as temp- orary shelters for the boat builders, and were soon replaced by better homes. Among the first workmen: were a ae number of Germans, who ne all ee were. ministered to by a Lo SYS S Sao: Se at Pastor Jacob Hoelsche of Zoe WC SHC CoN hice ONioee synod, on he old record shows that he began to baptize children here, February 9, 1840, and continued to preach for the people until May 19, 1844. The character of the organization ef- fected by this pastor can not be determined, but the record proves that there was an ‘Evang. Puth. Gem éin.de? in Freedom, August 23, 1840, and this may be accepted as the birthday of St. John’s. The next pastor was a member of the German Reformed Church, Rev. E. F. Winter, who wrote the words “Und Reformierte” into the title page of the old record. Whether this addition to the name meant a reorganization of the Lu- theran congregation of Pastor Hoelsche or the personal wishes of the Reformed pastor cannot be determined. The third pastor was another Lutheran, Rev. H. C. Kaehler, who served them from December 25, 1851, to February 10, 1861. The first serv- ices were held in a school house on the corner of Virtue and Betz streets, and their frame church was not dedicated by Pastor Kaehler until 1852. At that time the congregation numbered 20 members, but these were increased to 67 in 1861. No commun- ion records are preserved earlier than 1868, so that the names of the original members can be learned only from the Tauf Register. The fathers of St. John’s, as given in Pastor Kaehler’s record of baptisms, 1851-1861, were the following: Apple, Louis Gripp, Jacob Kleiber, Engelhard Bentel, Gottlieb» Gripp, Erasmus Kohlhepp, Johannes Brandt, Conrad Haller, Karl Metz, Petrus Gartner, Heinrich Haller, Christian Mingel, Elias Gres, Johannes Hardle, Carl Frederich Mingel, Johann 406 HISTORY sO THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Minke, Johann Ruckert, Johann Schnabel, Zeno Moller George H. Schallenberger, Michael Schoenemann, Christoph. Paul, Heinrich Schaufelberger, Wilhelm Seefried, Christian Ripper, Johann Schnabel, Wilhelm Tinkhan, Johann The Rev. Casper Braun of Beaver preached occasionally for them, but was never their pastor. From 1862 to 1870 they were served by pastors not connected with the Pittsburgh Synod, and then, beginning with Pastor Peter Born, an unbroken line of Pittsburgh Synod pastors has been preserved. When the young people began to demand English services, pastors of the Missourt1 Synod took advantage of the confusion and organized Trinity German Church. From 1870 to 1902 St. John’s was served in connection with Rochester and Monaca; from 1902 to 1907 it was shifted about from one parish to another; since 1907 it has been connected with Rehoboth and Crows Run. The frame church of 1852, although renovated in 1904, proved inadequate, and the present brick church was built at a cost of $15,263. The corner stone was laid, May 24, 1914, and the church dedicated by Pastor W. A. Zunidel, @ctober 18, 1914. The constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted in 1916, and the congregation admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod during the same year. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. Jacob Hoelsche, 1840-1844; Rev. E. F. Winter (Reformed), 1845-1851 Rev H.C: Kaehler, 1851-1861; Rev. C. Scheel, 1861- 1865 ; Supplies, 1865-1868 ; Rev. C. A. Frank, 1868-1870; Rev. Peter Born, 1870-1876; ieyei Ie Ce De Lemcke, 1877-1901: Rev. Paul Kummer, 1903-1905; Rev. R. M. Smith (English), 1903- 1907; Rev. J. Ll. Fischer (supply), 1907; Rev. Ludwig Beiseck- er, 1907-1911; Rev. W. A. Zundel, 1912-1916; Rev. W. E. Arn- ~ holt, 1916-1924; Rev. J. B. Lambert, 1924-. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN :CHURCH IMGIOISU SMOG IPA. Before there were five Lutheran families living in this com- munity, Doctor W. A. Passavant, with his remarkable foresight, had determined that Rochester should be made a center of in- fluence for the Lutherans of the Beaver Valley. As he jour- neyed between Pittsburgh and Zelienople, his plans were laid for the planting of the Church. As there was no church building of any kind in the town, he held his first services in a car factory with a work bench as his pulpit. Many of the people of his audiences were not Lutheran, but all appreciated the great preacher and were willing to follow his counsels in the estab- lishment of a church. A building site, then regarded as far out in the country, was donated by M. T. e Gould, on which a good church was built for the Lutheran congregation yet unor- ‘Vd ‘UYALSAHOOY ‘SOILdATIdaA YOA AWOH “THdVHO WALAV 408 HISTORY ‘OF “THEsPEVLS BURGH SY NOD ganized.) ; Nes decd mats this land bears the date, Aprils 21 1855 ee beee church was organized in 1856, but the names of the original members can not be given, since it was the unfortunate custom of Doctor Passavant to keep many of his church records on scraps of pa- per that were easily lost. The number could not have *béen “large;eeing. the.-church {,eportedmpas 36° members: “ini eo when its name appeared on | the records some synod for the first time. Their first church was 2 built of gravel andsgimon tar as an experiment, and for this reason was frequently called the Gravel Church. The experiment was not a complete success, and part of the walls had to be rebuilt, but it was finally placed under roof in the late summer of 1856. Although the building was yet unfinished, and only muslin screens covered the window openings, the enthusiastic Sunday School marched in a body from the school house and took possession of the new quarters at the first opportunity. This school enrolled 150 children, and possessed an unusually fine corps of teachers. Its first superin- tendent was George Delo, 1855-1862, who died in the service of his country. The dimensions of the Gravel Church were 33x92, with a massive corner tower. On the night of December 21, 1883, this church was destroyed by fire, nothing of value being saved but the rivermen’s bell. To add to their discouragement, the congregation was still burdened with a debt of $1,500. When Doctor Passavant heard of the calamity, he came to Rochester and preached a sermon of wonderful helpfulness to the stricken flock. Doctor Henry W. Roth was pressed into service after the resignation of Pastor Hemsath, and directed the work of gather- ing a rebuilding fund. ‘The corner stone of the second church was laid by Rev. J. K. Melhorn, June 28, 1885, and the building dedicated by Doctor H. W. Roth and Rev. W. P. Shanor, April 25, 1886. So generous was the response of the congregation that sufficient funds were raised to pay for the new church and dis- charge half of the old debt. Pastor J]. W. Myers took charge of the parish on the Sunday after dedication, and soon brought the ats HISTORY OF "THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 409 congregation to the position of self-support. When Rey, F. A. Bowers became pastor, June 16, 1901, he announced his ambi- tion to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the congregation in a new church. While his plans were approved, local labor troubles led to the postponement of the work. ‘The trustees of the church were authorized to proceed with the erection of the proposed church in 1906. The corner stone was laid by Doctor Henry W. Roth, September 30, 1906, and the church dedicated by Pastor F. A. Bowers, October 13, 1907... This church was built of stone, Gothic in style, and churchly in all its appoint- ments, at a cost of $58,000. The great stone tower is the most striking feature of the Rochester sky line, and is admired by thousands. The debt of $29,000, incurred in building, was paid Obie tuee pasioldie ‘Ol Kev Nonett wVVuotyenm » 1924. and adjoining property bought. During the course of the wears tere) Nass been ay steady. development™ in, the mem- Del HiperOriiiee Chur Chy ee UN Uiberine uOOssInwelOOZ) ite. was increased to 89 in 1870, 125 in 1883, 194 in 1892, 410 in 1901, 500. in 1909, and 1033 in 1925. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. W. A. Passavant, D.D., 1855-1863; Rev. Henry Reck, 1863-1870; Rev. W. A. Passavant, D.D. (supply), 1870-1872; Student Hiram Peters (supply), 1872; Rev. H. W., Koth, DD? (supply), 1872-1876; Rev? W. Av Passavant, D-D. (supply), 1676-1878; Rev. C.-H: Hemsath, 1878-1883 ; Rev. H. W. Roth, D.D. (supply), 1884-1886; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1886- 1892; Rev. J. F. Heckert, 1893-1898; Rev. J. E. Whitteker, D.D., 1898-1901; Rev. F. A. Bowers, 1901-1909; Rev. A. M. Mehr- Ram, £1) 1909-1917 Rev. R.W. Doty,7.D,D:,1918-. CHRIST’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BADEN, PA. The founding of this church was largely due to the death of an old horse. When Doctor Passavant missed the Deardorf family from his Rochester services, and learned their absence was due to the loss of their horse, he determined to carry the ministry of the Lutheran Church to their Baden home. His first services were held in the Methodist Church, and Christ’s Church was organized in the fall of 1858. One of the weak- nesses of Doctor Passavant was his inability to keep good church records, and the early records of Christ’s Church are confined to a few scraps of paper, on which are written some names and dates. From these records it appears that the following persons were numbered among the original members: Biegle, Mrs. Hahn, Mrs. Caroline McKee, John Deardorf, D. Kennedy, John Miller, William Deardorf, Mrs. D. Kennedy, Mrs. John 410 HISTORY (OB SDH ESPINT SBURGH SYNOD A plain frame church was built in 1861 at a cost of $1,500, but no record has been preserved of its formal dedication. ‘The church was first mentioned in the records of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1862 as a congregation of twelve members, but it was not regularly admitted to the synod until 1908. The deed for the church ground was dated, February 27, 1862, the trustees being W. A. Passavant, John Kennedy, John McKee, Thomas A. Hering, and Dittmer Ehrman. The large parsonage lot of one and a half acres was secured for the congregation by Doctor Passavant, September 28, 1877, for a consideration of $550. A frame parsonage was erected on this lot in 1890. From the par- sonage acreage lots were sold at various times, 1891-1898, and the parsonage itself was sold to E. L. Fruth for $5,200 in 1922. Two lots remained unsold at the time of the dedication of the brick church. Doctor Passavant served this church from 1858 to 1879, making the trip from Pittsburgh every two weeks, and built up a congregation of fifty members. Baden, Logstown, Rehoboth, and Crows Run composed the parish. His successor was his son, W. A. Passavant Jr., who served with equal accept- ance for six years. Another long pastorate was that of Doctor R. M. Smith, 1887-1907, during which the congregation had a steady if slow development. For a number of years the need of a better church was discussed, and a small building fund was accumulated, but the new building did not take form until 1922. It was the intention to build on the parsonage corner, but careful examination showed that the cost of excavating. would be almost prohibitive, and another site in the opposite end of the town, 120x120, was bought for $2,500. Having studied architecture in former years, Pastor F. F. Haworth prepared the plans and superintended the construction of a brick church and parsonage at a cost of $30,000. The corner stone was laid, February 26, 1922, and the church dedicated by Pastor Haworth, October 1, 1922. Nearly all the Lutheran pastors of the Beaver Valley were present at the dedication service. A debt of $17,000 re- mained, but other property to the value of $5,000 remained in the possession of the church. ‘The pastors served in the following order: Rev. W. Av*Passavant, D:D21856-1879> Rev, SV eae Passavant’|r., 1879-1885 ; Revi RM) Smithy DD) 188741907 Rev. W. F. Pfeifer, 1908-1911; Rev. F. W. Richter, 1912-1920: Rev. F. F. Haworth, 1920-1925; Rev. C. S. Brewer, 1926-. FIRST GERMAN EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BRAMER® HAWS. Ae This church was founded by Pastor Otto Von Zech with 23 members, September 10, 1871. The charter was secured, Decem- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 411 ber 7, 1874. Three churches have been erect- nS ae, ed by the congregation neh o ake a oO oar ”, : a Wo ——— fe \ ——— rf re The corner stone of the gee ap Se AACA} Zs E|ear Heshescuurch «was. laid: November 3, 1871, and the building dedicated, Pine ele /72e teas built of frame on Fifth street in the lower end of the town. Because of a heavy debt it was sold iemelooc.. = Lhe comer StOn Gm Ole tlien. second church was laid, July 2, 1882, and the building dedicated by Pastor John Mueller, November 19, 1882. ‘This brick church was located at Sixth ave- nue and Ninth street, and was sold to the Polish Catholics in 1910. The corner stone of the third church was laid at Fourth avenue and Sixteenth street, November 27, 1910, and the building dedicated by Pastor J. C. C. Scheer, September 4, 1911. The present name was assumed by the congregation at that time, and the name St. Paul’s surren- dered. The congregation has owned two parsonages. The first was bought in 1893; and, when this was sold, the pastor fur- nished his own home until 1921, when a brick house was built on the church ground. For the first seven years this church was a member of the Joint Synod of Ohio, but it was accepted as a mission of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1877. From 1883 to 1893, the name of the church does not appear upon the synodical roll, and then it was admitted to membership the second time. The history of the church has been one of many trials, but it has maintained a steady increase in membership through them all. The Sunday School was organized with a few children in 1871, but it now enrolls 11 teachers and 150 pupils. The Ladies’ Aid Society was organized with 12 members in 1871, and this strong auxiliary now enrolls 82 devoted women. The Luther League was organized by Pastor Paul Kummer in 1895. Other helpful auxiliaries are the Marthas and the Sewing Society. A list of pastorates follows: Rev. Otto Von Zech, 1871-1872; Rev. John Hoerr, 1872-1873; Rev. Edward Knauth, 1873-1874; Rev. Otto Von Zech (second term), 1874-1875; Rev. Egbert Sylla, 1876- 1877; Rev. John Mueller, 1878-1883; Rev. William Steinmann, 412 HISTORY OF THEsPITTSBURGH SYNOD 1884-1885; Rev. M. I. Lauffer, 1886-1887; Rev. C. J. Bohnen, 1887-1889; Rev. H. Wellhausen, 1889-1890; Rev. Ewald Hann, 1890; Rev. P. J. C. Glatzert, 1890-1891; Rev. E. F. V. Stein- hagen, 1891-1893; Rev. Paul Kummer, 1893-1895; Rev. J. P. Hansen, 1895-1896; Rev. J. C.-C. Scheer, 1896-1920; Rey. C. R; Stolz, 1920-. ST. MARK’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH TIP EYVILLE, RA, This church was founded by Rev. M. L. Kunkelman, De- cember 29, 1872. The first constitution was adopted, January 11, 1873, and the first officers were Andrew Nagel, John Doutt, William Nagel, and E. Autenrieth. The charter members were the following: | Autenreith, FE. Koch, Paul * Nagel, William Doutt, John Koch, William Parker, Samuel Fischer, Jeremiah Musser, T. J. Strohecker, M. Houksaien a): Nagel, Andrew Zimmerman, Joseph A frame church was erected at once, which was dedicated by Pastor M. L. Kunkelman, August 30, 1873.. During the pas- torate of Rev. Ira J. Goehring,. the chancel was rearranged to conform to Lutheran usage and new furnishings were dedicated. A tower was also built and furnished with a bell. During fifty years of history about 250 names have been recorded on the communion roll, but the number of members has never been large at any one time. It has passed through some severe trials, but a loyal membership of fifty still remains, Since 1912 St. Mark’s and Zion have constituted the Middle Lancaster Parish. The following pastors have served here: Rev. M. L. Kunkel- man, 1872-1876; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1877-1890; Rev. {G. J. Diener, 1891-1894; Rev. H. K. Shanor, 1895-1896; Rev. Peter Riffer (second term), 1897-1901; Rev. A. P. Lentz, 1902-1911; Rev. R. W. Yeany (supply), 1912; Rev. I. J. Goehring, 1913- 1925; Rev. H. C. Glander, 1925-. OAK GROVE, EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN GCHURGH NEW SEWICKLEY TWP., BEAVER COUNTY, PA: Rev. Gottlieb Bassler of Zelienople held services in the Bonzo school house during the summer as early as 1867. A Sunday School was organized in this school house, which was superintended by Andrew Bonzo. Rev. M. L. Kunkelman also held services here, and the result was the organization of a church, March 15, 1873, when the first trustees were chosen. This organization was completed in January of 1874, with the following members : HISTORY OF THE PIETSBURGH SYNOD 413 Bonzo, George Freshcorn, Sarah Goehring, Jacob Bonzo, George R. Goas, jacob Goehring, Margaret Bonzo, Caroline Goas, Hannah Graham, Charles Bonzo, Margaret Goas, Elias Graham, Lottie Bonzo. J. f Goas, Andrew Kirschler, Matthew Bonzo, Henry Goehring, Henry McKee, Margaret Dambach, Jacob Goehring, Zeno Panner, Jacob Deemer, Andrew Goehring, Christ Powell, Joseph Deemer, William Goehring, Elizabeth Powell, Annie and John Douglass, Barbara Goehring, Amelia Reader, Margaret Freshcorn, Mr. Goehring, Adam Stout, Margaret Freshkorn, Nettie Goehring, Sarah Troutman, Callie Many unchurched families of the community were glad to welcome this organization, and plans were made at once for the building of a church. A fine oak grove of three acres was donated by Henry Bonzo, where a frame church was built at a cost of ho Re $1,150, and dedicated by “Po #98882 G py Pastor M. L. Kunkel- ¢ YEN ONY man, August 16, 1874. The congregation was admitted to membership in the synod in 1875, and made a part of Zelienople Parish. Services were held every alternate Sun- day afternoon, always in the English language. The church was _ served by Zelienople pastors un- til August 1, 1902, when it became a separate par- ish. During the pastorate of Rev. E. H. Daugherty, 1901-1907, a parsonage was built and a more adequate church secured. The corner stone of this second church was laid, October 15, 1905, and the building dedicated by Pastor Daugherty, February 11, 1906. It was built of frame at a cost of $5,600, and furnished according to Lutheran ideals. During the summer of 1922 both parsonage and church were renovated. The pastors were: Rev. M. L. Kunkelman, 1873-1877; Rev. J. A. Kribbs, 1878-1881; Rev. V. B. Christy, 1881-1890; Rev. R. R. Durst, 1890-1895; Rev. L. O. Benze, 1896-1902; Rev. E. H. Daugherty, 1902-1907; Rev. J. J. Myers, 1907-1909; Rev. F. W. Ash, 190921014 Reva re 3G. Snyder, 1915-1916; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1916-1920; Rev. A. G. Fischer, 1923-. AS 414 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD HOUSE. OF (PRAYER EVANS LUDHERAN (GEILE WOODLAWN, PA. When Baden Church was established by Doctor W. A. Passavant, a number of Logstown people crossed the river in boats in order to attend the services. When the pastor proposed that they build a church in their own community, it met with the favor of all classes of people. Half an acre of ground was bought at once. The corner stone of a frame church was laid by Doctor Passavant, October 31, 1875, but no record of its dedi- cation has been preserved. The following statement was placed in the corner stone: ‘““This edifice is to be erected, in which the pure faith of Christ will forever be proclaimed, as confessed in the confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, and the holy sacraments shall be administered as they were instituted by Jesus Christ, who is Head overall things in his Church”’. Before the building was finished, a Sunday School of seventy children was gathered. The early records of this congregation are found in the Baden Church Book. From these records it appears that the following persons were charter members: Grinder, Mrs. Mary McKee, Rolf Wilson, Albert McKee, John McKee, Mrs. Abby Wilson, Emma McKee, Laura White, Elizabeth Winkle, William E. McKee, Ophelia Wilson, Mrs. Mary Winkle, Mrs. W. E. The church was more fully organized by Rev. W. A. Passa- vant Jr., August 15, 1881, with “some thirty members’, and made a part of Baden Parish. When Rev. R. M. Smith became pastor in 1887, he found church interest at such a low ebb that he could report only 12 members. When he resigned, October 23, 1892, the Middle Conference requested Pastor F. W. Kohler to serve the congregation in connection with Monaca. ‘This pastor reported that he could find “no records, no constitution, no organization, only a debt of $450”. A secretary, treasurer and collector were elected, August 27, 1893, and the church began to show signs of life. Then came the Christmas enter- tainment of 1894, with a neighborhood quarrel that made church work difficult for several years. When Doctor D. lL. Roth be- came pastor, October 21, 1906, he preached his introductory sermon to 12 persons. About this time the Jones and Laughlin Company began the erection of their large Aliquippa plant, which meant the creation of a large industrial population in Woodlawn. Large numbers of foreign-speaking people settled near the old church, and it was sold for $6,400 in 1910. After the church was surrendered, services were held in private homes until a church was built on the two lots secured in Woodlawn. The corner stone of this church was laid by Doctor D. L. Roth, May 19, 1912, and the building was used first on December 29, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 415 1912, when the pastor presented his resignation. The mission- ary superintendent took charge of the congregation and reorgan- ized it under a new constitution and charter. Their church was dedicated, April 27, 1913, when Doctor G. J. Gongaware preached the sermon. It was built of brick and stone, high above the level of the street, at a cost of $12,000. At the beginning of the pastorate of Rev. C. M. Teufel in 1920, a parsonage was bought for $6,500. This pastor added 132 new members to the congregation during the first two years of his pastorate, and inspired all with confidence in the success of the mission. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. W. A. Passavant, 11D .5°1876-1879; Rev. W.-A. Passavant Jr.; 1879-1885; Rev. R. M. Smith, 1887-1892; Rev. F. W. Kohler, 1892-1896; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1896-1901; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1902-1903 ; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1903-1906; Rev. D. L. Roth, D.D., 1906- 1910; Rev. C. E. Rudy, 1910; Rev. D. L. Roth, D.D. (second term), 1910-1913; Supplies, 1913-1914; Rev. C. E. Schweikert, 1914-1920; Rev. C. M. Teufel, 1920-1924; Rev. C. I, Empson, 1925-. PO > bao TeV ERO Yor VAIN oe ELE RAINS GH UR CE CROWS RUN, BEAVER COUNTY, PA. When Doctor Passavant revived Rehoboth Church, it was necessary for him in journeying to and from Baden to pass through this community. Impressed by the spiritual needs of Fem pecoplere se. olrered his services as a minister and was cordially wel- COMIC Nt tel wnis a4intst service the people urged him to preach for them regularly. The first serv- ice was held in the open dirnear thevsite of) the present church. The cor- ner stone of a frame church was laid by Doc- tor Passavant in October, 1878, and the building was dedicated by his son, ENWTGEGE yatey = Peleg Ba keeate W. A. Passavant, Jr., or- ganized a congregation of 24 members on the day of dedication. Their church 1s described in the 416 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD synodical record as. ‘‘a neat Gothic edifice, with open roof and vestibule, the dimensions being fifty feet in length and thirty-two feet in breadth, a model of cheapness, neatness and convenience”. The record of baptisms for this church begins with 1879, but that of communions not until 1888. From 1888 to 1891 the following family names are found on the register: Briggs, Brown, Craig, Dalis, Frazier, Garrett, Grophy, Harger, Hen- drickson, Holsinger, Horris, Hillman, Jackson, Javens, McCourt, McCracken, Parks, Phillips, Piersol, Powell, Reno, Romigh, Ruckert,~.omithy ’Sproaty.s and pey,eacer a)" Lihismeces ister once stamps the congregation as a typical “Passavant Church”. Such was the missionary zeal of the pastor that all nationalities were alike Lutheran material to him. Adjusting himself to the wishes of the people in matters liturgical, he taught them such a pure gospel that they naturally developed into the best of Lu- therans. Within twelve years the church developed a member- ship of 45; then came the establishment of the large railroad yards at Conway, and the organization of Trinity Church of Vicary, November 8, 1891. This took many members from Crows Run, and the loss was deeply felt. The pastors were the same as those of Rehoboth. ZION’S “FIRS bP EVANGEVICAL LUTE ERAN GEOR Gis AMBRIDGE, PA. Ambridge was founded in 1903, when the American Bridge Company erected a great plant along the Qhio River, midway between Fair Oaks and Economy. In the fall of the same year Pastor Paul Kummer began to call upon the Lutheran families of the new town, with a view to interesting them in the establish- ment of a church. A list of 74 Lutherans was secured in a few months. A Missouri Synod pastor from Freedom also entered the field, and rented the only available place of worship in the town. Pastor Kummer called an informal meeting at the home of J. F. Jessen, April 25, 1904, when it was decided to organize. This organization was effected, May 2, 1904, when a committee on constitution and charter was appointed. The petition for a charter was signed by Paul Kummer, J. F. Jessen, G. B. Kroll, John -Serak) John Yay sHillers Simon \V etter, pw hettinger Louis Beitner, Andrew Augustine, John Neiman, John Beitner, and John Weber. The charter was secured and the church ad- mitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1904. ‘The Missouri Synod discontinued services, June 2, 1904, and Zion’s Sunday School moved into the Bank Hall. The first regular church service was conducted by Pastor Kummer, May 9, 1904, when 25 persons were present. The American Bridge Company agreed to donate HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 417 $500 to any congregation that would build a church and place the same under roof before January 1, 1905, provided the cost was twice that of the lots on which it was built. Pastor Kummer accepted the offer on his own responsibility, and made a payment of $100 on one of the two remaining lots on Park road, between Seventh and Eighth streets, with the understanding that the second lot would be donated by the company. ‘The corner stone of their church was laid, October 9, 1904, and the building ded1- cated by Pastor Kummer, March 26, 1905. The dedicatory sermon was preached in German by Rev. J. C. C. Scheer. English services were held in the evening of dedication day. The church was built of brick and cement blocks at a cost of $5,250. In as much as many of the members of Zion were paying for their new homes at the time, the remaining debt was not paid for several years. During the pastorate of Rev. John I. Shaud, 1909-1915, a larger church site on the corner of Maplewood and Eighth streets was secured, and the membership was also greatly increased. During the pastorate of Rev. H. D. Whitteker, 1917- 1921, property adjoining the church was bought for $7,760. On this property were a cottage and a frame house, and the latter was renovated at a cost of $1,000 for the parsonage. The fol- lowing pastors have served here: Rev. Paul Kummer, 1904-1905 ; Rev. J. A. Frischkorn, 1906-1909; Rev. J. I. Shaud, 1909-1915; Rev. W. M. Weaver, 1915-1916; Rev. H: D, Whitteker, 1917- 1921; Rev. Bernard Fetterly, 1921-. FIRST ENGLISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH CONWAY; PA: The first Lutheran service in this town was conducted by Pastor W. F. Pfeifer in Stahl’s Hall, September 6, 1908. Many members of Baden Church attended this service, for they were deeply interested in the establishment of a congregation. Among the leaders in this movement was George B. Forsythe. On January 10, 1909, the church was organized by Pastor Pfeifer with 25 members. It was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1909 and attached to Baden Parish. A Sunday School of 32 members was opened at the time of the organization. A build- ing lot was donated by Adolph Heppel, but this was sold in order to secure a better location on the corner of Second avenue and Tenth street. The last named lot was bought for $775, Decem- ber 11, 1910. When building plans were prepared, the old Vicary Church was bought for $200, and made the frame for a brick-cased church that was dedicated by Pastor W. F. Pfeifer, September 10, 1911. The Vicary Church was located on 418 HISTORY, OFSEHE PIT spBURGHASYNOD Freedom Hill, most of whose members went to St. John’s Church when the organization disbanded in 1907. The congre- gation has been served by the Baden pastors from the beginning. REHOBOTH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH ECONOMY TOWNSHIP, BEAVER COUNTY, PA. Rehoboth Church was built by the United Presbyterians, but abandoned by them after a division of their congregation. The neglected building was used for a time as a sheep stable, when Doctor | Wifes nassan vant heard of it and de- termined to restore it to its original use. Neigh-— bors cleaned it for serv- ices, and Doctor Passa- vant and Doctor Boal then bought the church and ‘cemetery | for .$200) holding it in trust for a Lutheran congregation. Lutheran services were begun in 1875, and the congregation was likely organized during the fol- lowing year. A Sunday School of 80 scholars was organized at the begin- ning. Some of the early records of this church were preserved in the Baden Church Book, but the greater part was lost. From 1888 ‘to 1891 the following family names are found on the communion record: Baird, Beighley, Bentel, Bergman, Bock, Brown, Block- ham, Calhoun, Cottom, Charleston, Dunlap, Ehrman, Gray, Hagan, Hendrickson, Hillberg, Hillman, Marr, Martin, Mc- Norton, Miller, Morgan, Nichols, Reed, Smiley, Snyder, Steel, and Stewart. During the pastorate of Rev. R. M. Smith, the old church was replaced by a more adequate building at a cost of $4,000. The corner stone was laid, September 4, 1904, and the building dedicated by Pastor Smith, December 4, 1904. The church was connected with Baden Parish until 1907, when it was transferred to Freedom Parish. The pastors were‘ Rev. W. A, Passavant, D:D: 1876-18/9;eRevaW. “A> Passavant ajar 1879-1885; Rev. R. M. Smith, 1887-1907; Rev. Ludwig Beiseck- er, 1907-1911; Rev. W. A. Zundel, 1912-1916: Rev. W. E. Arn- holt, 1916-1924; Rev. J. B. Lambert, 1924-. BintORY Ob DotvPlDCSBURGH SYNOD 419 ENGUISH EVANGE GICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF THE REDEEMER MONAGA PAs The first attempt to found an English Lutheran Church here was made by Doctor W. A. Passavant in 1865. Pastor Henry Reck of Rochester also had a part in these services, and met with much encourage- ment. When Thiel Hall was opened in 1866, the need for such a church became imperative, and an annual appropriation for this purpose was made by the Pittsburgh synod.) An “English Sunday School was start-: ed by Professor William Kopp in 1867. On No- vember 28, 1868, Profes- sor H. E. Jacobs organ- iZeCmUicmORULCIawoL athe Redeemer with six mem- bers, and _ reorganized the Sunday School with 12 teachers and 85 pupils. For nearly three years services were held at an : early morning hour in the German Church, with occasional eve- ning services in Thiel Hall. Then came the removal of Thiel to Greenville and the dissolution of the organization. No further effort was made at English work until 1877, when Doctor Passa- vant began to hold English services in St. Peter’s Church in the evenings. The synod connected Monaca with Rochester in 1879, but Pastor C. H> Hemsath became discouraged with the small returns, and in 1880 surrendered the field to Rev. W. A. Passavant Jr. Christian Erbeck made it his duty to bring the Baden pastor to Monaca every two weeks; Edwin R. Frank took charge of the reorganized Sunday School; others volun- teered for helpful service; and a provisional organization was effected, May 7, 1882, when Nelson H. Trumpeter, Edward R. Frank, and Robert Merryman were elected trustees. The church was more fully organized, July 1, 1887, when a constitution was adopted and provision made for securing a charter. The mem- bers of this provisional organization, 1882-1887, were the following: ~~ SSS : NG u :: ZZ = a : oe nx =< 420 HISTORY OF THE Pit lespuRGH SYNOD Able, Charles Frank, Edward R. Miller, James Able, Mrs. Mary Frank, Mrs. Jennie Miller, Mrs. Maragret Bickerstaff, Mrs. Anna Frank, HVicteg ene Veen) Robinson, Mrs. Annie Bickerstaff, Lida Grinder, Mrs. Eleanor Schnobel, Clara E. Blatt, Adolph Grundstrom, Anton Steifel, John Blatt, Sophia Grundstrom, Mrs. Eva Steifel, Mrs. Elizabeth Brady, Arthur Guba, Joseph M. Steifel, Eckhart B. Brady, Mrs. Helen Guba, Mrs. Mary C. Strunge, Mrs. Ida B. Faust, Mrs. Fannie Hemphill, Mrs. “Blizabeth Trumpeter, Nelson B. Figley, Mrs. Ida Krossen, Mrs. Sophia Trumpeter, Mrs. Mary E. Folland, Mrs. Mary Krossen, Margaret E. Vollhardt, William C. Folland, Jizzie Lay, Josephine W. Vollhardt, Mrs. Jessie Folland, JTouisa Lundie, Mrs. Rachel White, Mrs. Elizabeth Folland, George LeGoulin, Mrs. Clara Weigel, Mrs. Dorothy Folland, Mrs. Margaret Merryman, Robert Weigel, Mary H Rev. W. A. Passavant, Jr., served as supply pastor from May 7, 1882, to Ooctoher 24, 1886, when he accepted a formal call and served until December 1, 1889. The congregation was admitted to the synod i in 1887 and chartered in 1889. For nearly seven years services were held_in St. Peter’s Church, gradually gathering the strength that enabled them to build a church of their own. ‘Two lots were bought from the Lias heirs for $1,000, April 28, 1888, one of which was sold for $600. A carpenter shop, which stood on this ground, was also sold for $100, so that the net cost of the site was $300. The corner stone of a brick church was laid, September 21, 1888, and the building was partly finished at a cost of $3,500. In this unplastered church services were held until the fall of 1890, when Pastor F. W. Kohler raised the funds to complete the church and make it comfort- able. The gift of pews and chancel furniture from the First Church, Pittsburgh, was a great encouragement at this time, but the people were not ready to dedicate the church until all the debt had been paid. The church was dedicated by Pastor I. H. Stetler, September 6, 1908, twenty years after the laying of the corner stone. The parish became self-sustaining about the same time, 190 members being enrolled. The present parsonage was bought for $3,000 in 1917, and remodelled at a cost of $1,000. This parsonage lot, 120x120, adjoins the church grounds, and offers an ideal site for the future church. From 1882 to 1889 the church was connected with Baden; from 1889 to 1890 with Rochester; from 1890 to 1894 with New Brighton; from 1895 to 1896 with Chartiers ; from 1896 to 1903 with Logstown; since 1903 it has been a separate parish, The following pastors have served here; Rey. W2AlsPassavant’ Jr. 1lee2- 1889 : Reve" |W Myers (supply), 1889-1890; Rev. F. W. Kohler, 1890- 1894 ; Student E. O. Graham (supply), 1505s Reveal) Waters (sup- ply), 1895-1896; Rev. Dero! loway, 1896-1902; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1902- 1907 ; eee I. H. Stetler, 1907- 1912: Reva: E. Dozer, 1912- 1916; Rev. H. S$. Gilbert, 1916-1918: Rev. A. Ps*entz, 1918 Tis GORY SOR THe Pi DSBRURGH SYNOD 421 CHRIST’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BEAVER FALLS, PA. The first effort to establish an English Lutheran Church in this community was made by Doctor Passavant in 1866, ‘The number of Lutheran families then was so small that the effort failed. A standing mis- sionary appropriation was made by the Pitts- burgh Synod, 1871-1877, but no missionary pastor could be secured. Pastor John Mueller organized Grace English Lutheran Church in connection with his German parish in 1880, but this organi- zation failed after an ex- wstence yol, two y.earts. Pate in” 18383°a “number of Lutherans addressed a letter to the missionary euiperimtendent. ol .the synod, which resulted in regular services every two weeks in W.C. T. U. Hall for one year. In the spring of 1885 this same company of Lutherans began to hold services in the German Evangelical Church, but their organiza- tion was not effected until June 20, 1886, under the direction of Rev. J. W. Myers of Rochester. ‘To the original 19 members 5 others were added, making the following charter members: Arkwright, Mrs. E. Conkle, Mrs. Mary Shanon. wert Ase vT. Deering, Mrs. A. Shanor, Mrs. W. A. Aye, Mrs. Sallie Hawkins, Mrs. Emma Valentine, Mrs. C. E. Bingel, L. E. Johnson, A. F. Vaughen, Mrs. Anna Bingel, Mrs. Wilda Owen, G. M. Vogeley, Charles C. Campbell ts S8 aks Owen, Mrs. Mary J. Vogeiey, Mrs. Laura Campbell, Mrs. A. E. Ruckert, William Welfschaeffer, William Campbell, Fannie M. Ruckert, Mrs. Carrie Wolischaeffer, Mrs. H. The constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted at the organization meeting, but the first officers, J. T. Aye, G. M. Owen, W. A. Shanor, L. E. Bingel, and S$. R. Camp- bell, were not elected until the next week. The Sunday School was organized in the German Evangelical Church, with J. T. Aye as the first superintendent. ‘he average attendance at this school for the first year was fifteen. A lot on the corner of Fourth avenue and Eleventh street was bought from the Har- mony Society for $1,000, the deed bearing the date, April 1, 1887. 422 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD The corner stone of their church was laid by Rev. J. K. Melhorn, November 27, 1887, and the building was dedicated by Pastor J. W. Myers, May 18, 1888, Doctor Edmund Belfour preaching the sermon. It was built of frame, 34x56, with a corner tower, at a cost of $3,463.90. A debt of $2,524 proved a heavy burden for many years. When Pastor Myers resigned, June 1, 1888, the church was connected with the newly organized church of New srighton, and placed under the care of Pastor J. H. Delo. This parish relation was dissolved in 1890, and Christ Church has been a separate parish ever since. During the pastorate of Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1891-1893, the basement of the church was finished, and a frame parsonage built. The successor of Pastor Sarver was Pastor J. C. N. Park, 1894-1897, during whose term serious trouble in the congregation occurred, and the trustees were authorized to sell the parsonage in order to pay the burden- some debt. Better counsel prevailed, however, and the property was retained. As a climax there was a secession of 25 members, who organized Trinity Lutheran Church, March 14, 1897, and were admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod. Missionary aid was denied by the General Synod, and the church disbanded in 1899. Under the leadership of Pastor J. lL. Fischer, 1903-1909, the debt was cancelled and the parish reached self- support. Pastor Fischer also introduced the churchly forms of the Lutheran Church, as the congregation grew and prospered. Another long and successful pastorate was that of Rev. Franklin Pierce Cook, who began his work, February 6, 1910, and closed it in death, December 13, 1919. Beloved by all, the work of the Lord prospered in his hands. Rev. Charles H. Tilp began his pastorate, March 28, 1920, and the confirmed membership was increased to 460 in 1924. This large increase necessitated the building of a larger church, and the gathering of a building fund was authorized in 1923. A two-manual pipe organ was dedicated by Pastor Tilp, September 25, 1921. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. J. W. Myers, 1886-1888; Rev. J. H. Delo, 1888-1891; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1891-1893; Rev. J. C. N. Park, 1894-1897; Rev. C. T. Benze, 1897-1898; Rev. Zundel, 1898-1903; Rev. J. L. Fischer, 1903-1909; Rev. Gook, 1910-1919; Rev Gao Tilp, 1920- ae. ia TRINITY EB \ANGE TT CAT URE ERIN Ne rik Grr NEW BRIGHTON, PA. During the fall of 1887 a canvass of New Brighton was made by Rev. J. W. Myers and Rev. D. M. Kemerer, the result of which was the organization of Trinity Church with 26 mem- bers in January, 1888. The synodical record of 1888 gives the HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 423 following account of the Wada Ses organization: “‘A consti- Ss Vee i : i 4 tution was adopted, a hall rented, and services regu- larly continued. The ad- ditional labor which this imposed upon Rev. My- ers, necessitating him to preach four times every Sunday, was more than hem could #*perform.? In view of this fact the mis- sion committee, at its meeting in March, re- solved to divide the work, making a new mission of Beaver Falls and New Brighton, and permitting Rev. Myers to confine his labors to Rochester, as soon as a suitable man could be secured for the new field. An invitation was given J. H. Delo, a student in the Philadelphia Seminary, to visit the mission. A call was extended, which he accepted. After his ordination in May he entered on his work there”. A charter was secured, June 2, 1890, in which the name “English Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church” was assumed. The word English caused some trouble, and it was dropped from the corporate name when a new charter was obtained, September 16, 1897. The pastor longest conmected with this parish was Rev. F. W. Kohler, whose first pastorate was from November 1, 1890, to September 30, 1900, and his second from April 1, 1907, to July 31, 1922, the two covering a period of more than 25 years. A lot on the corner of Tenth avenue and Tenth street was bought from Mrs. Townsend in 1891. The corner stone of a church was laid, December 27, 1891, and the building dedicated by Pastor Phohieom UunerZ0. lou2m ultewasepuiltsoleitame, 30x30, and cost $4,000. It was enlarged in 1908, when a two-manual pipe organ was installed. A second addition to the building was made in 1914. In 1901 a lot with a frame house was bought from Mrs. Alero mocy Ot Orounderunninosirom, Lenth: to, Eleventh avenue, was secured from Mrs. Mary Brown. A small store room beside the church was bought and converted into a Sunday School annex. In 1915 the house and lot at 1006 Tenth street was bought; in 1922 the Thomas house was purchased; and in 1923 the present parsonage was bought for $10,500. In the 3 =e as 424 HISTORY, OF THE PLL TSBURGH SYNOD acquiring of all this real estate the Ladies’ Aid Society had a large part. When the day comes for the building of a modern church and parish house, the site will be ready. During all these years there has been a steady increase in the membership, and 250 confirmed were reported by Pastor J. F. Bermon in 1924. The pastors were: Revs J." W. Myers) 1888; Reva J wHe Delo, 1888-1890; Rev. F. W. Kohler, 1890-1900; Rev. G. W. Critch- low, 1901-1907; Rev. F. W. Kohler (second term), 1907-1922; Rev. J. F. Bermon, 1923-. CHAPTER XII CHURCHES OF BUTLER COUNTY 1806-1924 “Remember the days of old; consider the years of many generations”. AINE, of the first white men to make a home within the borders of this county was Rev. John Roth, Moravian missionary of the Indian village of Kus- kuskoong in 1771. His descendants have proven towers of strength to the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The Scotch-Irish began to settle in Butler County in 1792, but no great numbers came until 1796. The number of Lutherans among the pioneers was comparatively limited. The list of 987 county taxables of 1803 contains but 62 names that may be safely classed as German, Perhaps the oldest of the Lutheran families of the county were those of the Buechle brothers, after whom the oldest Lutheran Church of the county was named. Another well known family was that of the Passa- vants of Zelienople, who settled on the Dettmar Basse estate in 1807. Philip Louis Passavant married Miss Zelie Basse, after whom the town of Zelienople was named. ‘The third son of the Passavants, William Alfred, became the founder of the Pitts- burgh Synod and one of the greatest missionaries and philan- Mropicits sol Americas Of athe, originals(0,000macres* Of) ‘the Dettmar Basse estate, 6,000 were sold to the Harmonites, who in turn sold them to Abraham Ziegler. This progressive Penn- sylvania German disposed of much of this land in small farms to his fellow Germans, who soon made them to blossom as the rose. Hazard’s Register of June,-1832, speaks in the highest terms of their contribution to the citizenship of Butler County. The first settled Lutheran pastor of the county was “Bishop” Johann Gottlob Christian Schweizerbarth, who rendered incal- culable service in the establishment of the Lutheran Church. He was an intense German, with conservative ideals that ever gave strength to the congregations served by him. ‘The four central churches of his great parish were Zelienople, Buechle’s, Barn- hart’s and Butler, but his labors were. by no means confined to them. In 1840 he served an immense parish of eleven congrega- iionseesZelienople, ot, John'sButler,Barnhart’s; Liebendorfer’s, St. Matthew’s, Hannahstown, Boyer’s school house, Jerusalem, Emmanuel and Sugar Creek’. In 1919 there were 27 Lutheran 426 HISTORY OFTHE sii SBURGH oyNoOD churches in Butler County with 4,967 members. ‘Ten of these churches belonged to the General Council, nine to the General Synod, seven to the Ohio Synod, and one to the Missouri Synod. All churches of the Pittsburgh Synod then used only English in their public services. SOR NGS EV AON G Ee LGA ive Le Gd BAIN eC Tein is a LANCAS PER Hoke Shange 1882-1885 ; Rev. Nathanael Scheffer, 1885- 1889. Reva Gee Fetzer, 1890- LSO1PILR Cys k rai Doerr, 1891; Rey, Herbert Martens, 1892- 1895 ; Rev. N.N. Harter, 1895-1901; Rev. D. B. 1901-1903; Rev. J. A. Beighey, 1903- 1908 ; Rev. J. A. Frisch- korn, 1909- 1O1T > Rev HerbertMartens (second term), 1912- 1921 - Rey eG |. ‘Diener 1922-1926. BVANGEUIGA TSU T bite GH GENCE NO las DONG eee CONCORDITOWN SHIRA BRUTE RICO UN Tye een In July, 1876, a number of the members of Rider’s Church, in company with the few remaining members of Bethesda Church of: West Sunbury, united to form this congregation. Bethesda Church had been organized by Pastor Jacob Singer in 1860. The Whitmire, Rider, Aggas, Wilson, Rhoades, Painter, and Halstine families composed the original membership of the Springdale Church. When their first church was dedicated in November, 1876, the organization was perfected. ‘This church was built for $1,300, and, although frequently repaired, is still their place of worship. Most important among these repairs were made in 1923 at a cost of $1,500, when the chancel was furnished according to Lutheran ideals. It was rededicated by Pastor J..R. Nicholas; September 30, 1923. A’ parsonage “in West Sunbury was bought by the three churches of the parish in 1899 for $775, but this was replaced in 1918 by the erection of a better house on ground adjoining the Springdale Church. This congregation is regarded as one of the most vigorous rural churches of the county, and had a membership of 155 in 1924. The following pastors have ministered here: Rev. David Town- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 449 send, 1876-1877; Rev. C. L. Streamer, 1878-1885; Rev. R. B. Starks, 1886-1895; Rev. Shile Miller, 1895-1899; Rev. S. A. Zimbeck (assistant), 1897-1898; Rev. S. T. Himes, .1900-1904 ; Rey. G. F. Scheese, 1905-1906; Rev. G. W. Fortney, 1907; Rev. W. O. Ibach, 1908-1913; Rev. W. A. Logan, 1914-1917; Rev. W. E. Watts, 1917-1920; Rev. J. R. Nicholas, 1920-. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH Wis Da LB ERI 7PAg Doctor Henry W. Roth preached in this community, April 28, 1878, and consulted with the people regarding the organiza- tion of a church. The church was regularly organized, June 22, 1878, when the following members were enrolled: Croll, John J. Hahn, Louisa Staff, John Croll, Catherine Hahn, Frank Staff, Mary and Sara Croll, Taura Hahn els Smith, John B. Croll, Asa B. Koch, Jacob Smith, Susanna Croll, Martin L. Kranz, William Weitzel, Nicolaus Croll, Caroline Kranz, Mary. Jane Weitzel, Christina Hahn, William C. Roenick, Margaret Weitzel, John Their church was ready for dedication as soon as the con- gregation was organized. It was built of frame at a cost of $2,500, and was dedicated by Doctor H. W. Roth, June 23, 1878. For a short time the church was supplied by Doctor H. W. Roth, and it was then made part of Prospect Parish. Since that time it has been regularly served by the Prospect pastors. It has never had a large membership, and reported 38 confirmed in 1924. CRACH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BeUEl IER PAG When the synodical division of 1867 occurred, St. Mark’s Church of Butler was a member of the Joint Synod of Ohio, and First Church decided to follow the Pittsburgh Synod into the General Council. While there were several General Synod churches in the northern end of the county, no attempt was made to organize a General Synod church in Butler until 1889. During that year a number of General Synod Lutherans appealed to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod for the organization of a mission church. Services were held for the first time by Rey. H. B. Winton in the Y. M. C. A. building, July 6, 1890, and these were continued regularly until August 31, 1890, when Grace Church was organized with 31 members. The first offi- cers were J. H. Conrad, J. L. Snyder, Joseph Gensbigler, Harri- son Miller, Isaac Shearer, and Lewis Byers. For the first four- teen months the new church received only such supplies as the 450 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD missionary superintendent could provide. The first regular pastor was Rev. Jacob Evan Maurer, who served them from October 1, 1891, to January 1, 1893, receiving generous mission- ary aid. During the pastorate of Rev. Eli Miller, 1893-1901, the church was built of brick at a cost of $6,500. A special offering was taken by the Pittsburgh Synod in order to encourage them in this work. Considerable difference had developed in the con- gregation as to the proper location, but all this was amicably settled when the lot on the corner of Mifflin and Church streets was bought. The owner of this lot was a Lutheran, H. J. Kling- ler, who made a donation of $350 on the cost price of $1,400. The church was dedicated by Pastor Eli Miller, April 12, 1896. ° The successor of Pastor Miller was Pastor J. C. Nicholas, 1901- 1915, who built up the congregation from 125 to 789 members, and secured the erection of the present church. The building of an addition to the Sunday School room in 1904 gave but tempo- rary relief to the fast developing congregation. ‘The organization of Trinity Church in 1912 took 25 members from Grace. The new church was built of stone, with a commanding corner tower, at a cost of $35,000. By a liberal use of galleries a seat- ing capacity of one thousand was secured, while the Sunday School was housed in a well-finished basement. At this time the Sunday School had an enrollment of 638 members. The build- ing was dedicated by Pastor Nicholas, January 3, 1915, but the pipe organ was not installed until the following September. A debt of $20,900 was incurred in building, which was reduced to $8,868 in 1922. During the pastorate of Rev. EF. Victor Roland, a large parsonage was secured for $15,500, and the congregation steadily advanced in numbers and influence. The following is a consecutive list of the pastorates: Rev. J. E. Maurer, 1891-1893; Rev. Eli Miller, 1893-1901; Rev. J. C. Nicholas, 1901-1915; Rev EE. Vo oRolands 1916— HVANGEPICALSIU DHE RANECHURGH ANNANDALE, PA. This congregation was the outgrowth of a disagreement in the Methodist Episcopal Church of Annandale. The dissatisfied part of the Methodist congregation held a meeting in the school house in March, 1896, and resolved to organize themselves into a Lutheran Church. Rev. Shile Miller was asked to supply them, and he responded by holding services every two weeks. On the first Sunday of September, 1896, a congregation of 71 members was organized, which was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod and made a part of North Wash- ington Parish. The first church officers were John McDowell, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 451 D. V: Hutchison, Thomas Christley, E. W. Hutchison, S. L. Nelson, and Johnston Stoops. A new church was built for $3,500, and dedicated by Pastor Shile Miller, December 20, 1896. The pastors were: Rev. Shile Miller, 1896-1902; Rev. E. F. Dickey, 1902-1903; Rev. I. Z. Fenstermacher, 1904-1909; Rev. G. W. McSherry, 1910-1915; Rev. P. J. Tau, 1917-1924; Rev. H. O. Harner, 1925-. TRINITY EVANGELICALS LUTHERAN] CHURCE AO MMEDASG SVP Fay) This section of Butler, known as Institute Hill, was can- vassed by the missionary superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod in the summer of 1912. The field seemed promising, and Student Charles G. Aurand was placed in charge of it for three months. During that time he organized a Sunday School, and enlisted the interest of a number of families in the proposed church. Trinity Church was organized by Doctor J. E. Bittle, September 1, 1912, 25 of the 35 members coming from Grace Church. A corner lot was secured as a church site, and the support of the mission was assumed by the Woman’s Home and Foreign Missionary Society of the Pittsburgh Synod. A large frame chapel was erected at a cost of $7,000, and dedicated by Doctor J. E. Bittle, December 1, 1912. ‘While there was a measure of progress made by the mission during the early period of its history, it was not able to do all that was expected of it; and this was generally charged to poor equipment. When Rev. F. H. Crissman became pastor in 1921, he soon sensed this need and suggested plans of development. Generous assistance was pledged by the Women’s Missionary Society, and the building was raised five feet, veneered with light brown stone, and almost reconstructed at a cost of $35,000. The interior of the church was made to conform to Lutheran lines. After some delay the completed building was dedicated by Pastor Crissman, October 19, 1924. The pastorates were: Rev. W. C. Waltemeyer, 1913- 1916; Rev. J. R. Nicholas, 1916-1920; Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1921- 1925; Rev. T. L. Crouse, 1925-. HOPE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH FRANKLIN ROAD, PA. This church is located along the Harmony Line about five miles southeast of Evans City. The congregation was organized by Doctor J. E. Bittle, October 15, 1916, with 43 members, the greater part of whom had been members of the Plains Presby- terian Church. A few days later it was admitted to the Pitts- burgh Synod of the General Synod. From 1916 to 1918 it was 452 HISTORYOP TH ESPIRISBURGH SYNOD connected with Beechview Mission; from 1918 to 1924 it was connected with Trinity Church, Butler; since 1924 it has been served by the Evans City pastor. An acre of ground at Franklin Road station was donated by Thomas Croft, and a brick church was built at a cost of $6,500. The corner stone was laid, Septem- ber 2, 1917, and the building dedicated, July 28, 1918. The last of the debt was paid in 1922. The pastors of Hope Church were: Rev. W. K. Himes, 1916-1918; Rev. J. R. Nicholas, 1918- 1920; Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1921-1924; Rev. C. W. Barnett, 1924-. CHAPTER XIII CHURCHES OF CLARION COUNTY 1813-1924 “The Lord is good, his mercy is everlasting, and his truth en- dureth to all generations”. @imaa HE first Lutheran settlements of Clarion County antedate the erection of the county itself; and all synodical references to them, prior to March 11, 1839, are usually found under the name Venango. Sturdy Germans braved the hardships of wilderness life as early as the boldest of adventurers, in order to secure homes for themselves and their families. Their chief settlements were Licking, Beaver, Red Bank, St. Petersburg, Salem, Shippenville, and State Road. The first two contend for the honor of having established the first Evangelical Lutheran Church in the county; and it is difficult, even after the most careful research, to know where to bestow the palm. Among the pioneers of the Licking settlement were Lewis Dauben- speck, John Brinker, Jacob Schmahl, James Stitt, John Hepler, Lewis Delb, Peter Klingensmith, Jacob Nolph, Isaac Fetzer, and Christian Kuhns. The first named lived on his land as a trapper and hunter, 1800-1802, and then sold it to John Brinker, who improved it and sold three acres to the Reformed and Lutherans, on which they erected a small log church about the year 1814. The pioneers of the Beaver settlement were Henry and Harold Best from Westmoreland County, who built cabin homes near the site of St. Paul’s Church in the summer of 1801, and brought out their families in the following spring. A small log building was erected on the land of the former in 1813, which served the double purpose of church and school house for twelve years. The order of the coming of the first Beaver settlers, so far as dates are obtainable, was as follows: Heinrich Best, 1801; Harold Best, 1801; William Scherri, 1806; Heinrich Meier, 1807; Jacob Alt, 1810; William Best Jr., 1811; Jacob Graaff, 1811; John Thoman, 1812; George Delo, 1812; John Kuhns, 1812; George Best, 1817; Christian Krebs, 1817; Friedrich Kobler, 1820; Henry Nehlig, 1822; Michael Mang, 1822; Fried- rich Berlin, 1822; John Balthasar Hahn, 1832. In Red Bank Township Henry Nolph was the first of the pioneers, settling in 1800. The State Road settlement was effected by three courage- ous young Germans of Lancaster County, who established their 454 HISTORY, OF DHE VEITTS BURGH bY N@D families on Chief Cornplanter’s favorite hunting grounds in 1815. It is probable that Pastor John M. Steck preached in both the log churches named at an early day, since many of the people of both settlements were his former parishioners in Westmoreland. Rev. Peter Rupert visited the settlements as a travelling preacher of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in the summer of 1814, and confirmed a class of catechumens in Lick- ing Church. The conditions of travel at that time are difficult to conceive. ‘There were no improved or open roads, only woods paths between the clearings. The only safe method of travel was on horseback. In the summer of 1822 the settlements were visited by another travelling preacher, Rev. G. A. Reichert, and this great pioneer became their pastor in the following year and served until the spring of 1831. Another German pioneer, to whom the churches of Clarion County owe much, was Rev. Henry David Keyl, who lived at Shippenville, but missionated in a dozen settlements where the people desired his services. The synodical controversy made little impression upon the church life of this county; only in two instances was there any serious trouble. For some reason the Lutheran Church has not made the progress in Clarion County that was expected of it. The 16 churches of the Pittsburgh Synod reported 1,525 members bab REM PE) ST) PAULUS ‘EVANGELICAL LULHERAN CHURGE BEAVER LOWNSHIP® CREAR ONG OU Niiyeate This venerable congregation was founded by a small group of German settlers, who are classed among the earliest pioneers of Clarion County. For many years it was known to the fathers as “Best’s Church”, because of the large place filled by members of that family in its establishment. Two brothers, Henry and Harold Best, came to this vicinity in 1801, when the valley of the Clarion was yet a part of the great wilderness; and each selected a site and built a log cabin. At the time they did not know to whom the land belonged, but were attracted by the great oak timber that covered it, knowing the possibilities of that type of soil. In the following spring they brought out their families and began the work of clearing the land for cultivation. After some time they learned that the tract on which they had built their cabins had been patented by Daniel Broadhead, January 8, 1795, and William Best then purchased 370 acres “for a valuable con- sideration”, October 3, 1812, and conveyed 125 acres to Henry Best, September 11, 1813. The manner in which St. Paul’s Church came into possession of two acres of the Henry Best farm is recited in a memorandum of the original deed. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 455 “Whereas, a number of German inhabitants of Rich- land (now Beaver) ‘Town- ship, thinking it requisite to form a religious society, on the ninth day of January, 1813, met at Mr. Henry Best’s house. ‘The follow- ing men, Jacob Graaff, Jacob Mite john= “Loman. 4) ohn Kuhnse, George Dillow, William Best Jr., and Henry Best, agreed with Henry Best*tor two acres of land fore the ise) solesa {burying ground, and to build a house on for divine service where the Dutch Reformed and Lutheran ministers. altern- ately might preach and ex- pound God’s Holy Word. : i] (a For which Mr. Henry Best Ose BOE agreed to take two dollars : SIE || ee Nee pers acre and apply. the : é oF money towards the building . ; Ks of the above house, at which “ut time and place the aforesaid nominated and appointed Jacob Alt, Mr. Henry Best, and George Dillow, trustees, to have the management, superintendency ‘and OV ersight of building the aforesaid house. There being but few in the association at that time, of course the house was built but small, but population in- creased beyond expectation so that there is a call for a larger house, and the land being not yet conveyed it is thought necessary to have it done”. & This land was formally conveyed by Henry Best and wife to Henry Neligh, John Kuhnse, and Jacob Alt, trustees, June 28, 1825. It is evident from the statements of the deed that the old log church was built in 1813, but it was only 20x30 feet in size and would scarcely accommodate more than fifty persons. When the frame church was built in 1825 the old log building was left standing to serve as a fuel house. Both churches stood near the center of the plot in front of the first line of graves. When the congregation was organized is not easily determined, for the fathers seemed to think that the trusteeship was all that was needed. Henry Best recognized the six men with whom he made the agreement of January 9, 1813, as the representatives of the Lutheran and Reformed congregations, and this may there- fore be reasonably regarded as the date of organization. In later years ministers of both denominations doubtless added to the details of administration, but organization was certainly effected when the trusteeship was formed. So far as we can learn, the first Lutheran pastor to preach in the little log church was Rev. Peter Rupert, who was sent out as a travelling preach- er of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in the summer of 1814. 456 HISTORY OFTHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD In 1815 a man named Hammer attempted to force himself upon the congregation as their pastor, but the people would not accept him because he could not prove that he was a member of an established Lutheran synod. The door of the church was locked against him, and the added precaution was taken of having a log chain securely fastened around the stove door. A law suit followed this ejectment, and the fathers of St. Paul’s were wont to tell their children of the great snow that fell during the winter of 1815 when they attended court at Franklin. From 1818 to 1821 Rev. Peter Rupert served congregations in and near Meadville, and during that time preached occasionally in St. Paul’s Church. Whether Rev. John M. Steck preached for this congregation in the earlier days is not recorded, but it is quite likely that he did, since the Bests were former parishioners in Westmoreland. The first regular pastor was Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert, who visited them as a. travelling preacher in the sum- mer of 1822, and served as their pastor from April 6, 1823, to May 15, 1831. This does not mean that “Best’s” was one of his regular appointments, but that he managed to find the time to visit them from three to eight times a year. About this time German settlers began to enter the county in larger numbers, and many of them were fortunate enough to secure lands within walking distance of St. Paul’s. Ten or twelve miles was not then considered too far to walk to church; and there is a tra- dition in the Kribbs ‘family to the effect that the women always did extra baking on the day before Pastor Reichert’s appoint- ment, in order that none of the travellers might go home hungry. According to the burial records of the congregation, its members came from several different parts of Pennsylvania and the Fatherland. From these limited records it appears that the Bests, Sherrys, Ashbaughs, Berlins, Delos, and Hauck’s came from Westmoreland County; the Alts, Thomans, and Amschlers from Switzerland; the Roths, Caspers, Willmanns, Berris, Vogelers, and Strauchs from Hesse; and the Hahns and Exleys from Wuertemberg. The greater part of the early settlers were Reformed rather than Lutheran in faith, but the experiences of a common house of worship, as well as many intermarriages, soon made it hard to distinguish between them. Pastor Reichert and Pastor Henry Koch, the Reformed pastor, were the closest of friends. When the former was married, it was Pastor Koch who performed the ceremony; when the son of the latter was baptized, it was Pastor Reichert who administered the sacrament. There was a Koch in one of Pastor Reichert’s confirmation classes, and it is not unlikely that she was a daughter of the Reformed pastor. ‘These cordial relations were carried to the communion table; and the Lutheran communion lists of 1834 and 1836 (the only two preserved) contain the names of so many HISTORY OF *LHE) PITTSBURGH SYNOD 457 Reformed families that it is difficult to recognize them as Lu- theran. ‘The successor of Pastor Reichert was Rev. Henry David Keyl, who lived at Shippenville, 1830-1839, and travelled far and wide in his ministry to the Germans of Clarion County. In 1831 he reported the following congregations under his care: “Shippenville, State Road, Beaver, Licking, Red Bank, and Yeaney’s”. He usually preached once a month in St. Paul’s, but always in German. For this reason many of his people became dissatisfied and appealed to the West Pennsylvania Synod in 1838 to send them a minister who could use both languages. This appeal was renewed in 1840, and Rev. George Frederick . Ehrenfeld became their pastor in December of that year, making his home in Shippenville. Pastor Ehrenfeld gave satisfaction to the English element in the congregation, but soon aroused the antagonism of the Germans by his use of new measures and his strong stand on the temperance question. ‘This antagonism came to an issue in 1842, when the trustees locked the door of the church against him, and Pastor Ehrenfeld and his followers organized a new congregation, February 25, 1842, and built Emmanuel Church near Beaver City. After this division the congregation turned to the Ohio Synod for their pastors, and were in the fellowship of that body from 1842 to 1873. What pastors ministered to them from 1842 to 1844 is not clear, but Rev. C. G. Stuebgen was given an ad interim license by the President of the Ohio Synod, June 1, 1844, in order to preach to four churches of Clarion County. On August 2, 1845, Henry bectearTecdutoudonate avplot! di«seven, acres to ot. Paul's, ot. Peter’s, and St. Luke’s churches for a parsonage and to give fifty dollars toward the building of a suitable house provided it was built at once, and provided further that no persons should be allowed to occupy it “except they be Lutheran ministers, who be- long to a Lutheran Synod of the Old School, who believe in the Augsburg Confession and all the symbolic writings of the Lu- theran Church, and who are opposed to new measures in what- ever shape or form they may be, such as the mourners bench and considering prayer meetings to be the only means to attain salvation’. Pastor Stuebgen was the first to occupy this parsonage, con- tinuing as pastor until 1847. He was succeeded by Rev. J. E. W. Braasch, who provided a church record for the congregation and was faithful in keeping it. From this record it appears that the following persons communed in St. Paul’s Church during the vears 1848 and 1849: Alt, Jacob Amischler, Dorothea Beck, Wilhelm Amschler, Martin Bauer, Gottfried Beck, Jacob Amschler, Johann Rauer, Samuel Beck, Friedrich Amschler, Michael Bayer, Joseph Beck, John Amschler, Peter Beck, Christian Beck, Joseph 458 HISTORY OF PHE PILESBURGH SYNOD Beck, Louise Hahn, John B. Lutz, Peter Beil, Christian Hahn, Jacob Menger, Joseph Berlin, Jacob Hahn, Michael Meyer, John Berlin, Levi Hahn, Balthasar Meyer, Judith Berlin, Katharine Hartman, Conrad Meyer, Etta Berger, Gottfried Hartman, John Meyer, Maria Best, Heinrich Hanst, Adam Nonnemacher, Emilie Best, Margaretha Heiner, Nicolaus Oechsle, Gottfried Best, Wilhelm Heyne, Emilie Oechsle, Gottlieb Best, Michael Heyne, Aquilla Oechsle, Fritz Best, Isaiah Hunsperger, Enos Oechsle, Christian Best, Lea Hunsperger, Abraham Oechsle, John Best, Katharine Hunsperger, Samuel Oehlschlager, Friedrich Best, Sarah Hunsperger, David Rauch, Peter Best, Mariah Hunsperger, Sarah Roth, Michael Best, Jeremiah Kamunerer, Friedrich Roth, Ernst Best, John H. Kammerer, David Roth, Peggy Best, Georg Kaufmann, Katharine Ruder, Georg Best, John Keifer, Lea Schaeffer, John Best, Marianna Kerber, Adam Schaerri, Michael Bleihuter, Philip Klein, Jacob Schaerri, Joseph Bieihuter, John B. Knecht, Peter Schaerri, john Bopp, John Philip Knecht, Lydia Schaerri, Katharine Borghardt, Wilhelm Knecht, Rebecca Schluecker, Ernst Borghardt, Ludwig Kob, Joel Schmidt, Heinrich Borghardt, Christian Kob, John Schneider, Peter Braasch bas i. Kob, Jeremiah Schwind, John Casper, Philip Kob, Nathanael Schwind, Georg Dierolf, Adam Kob, Henriette Schwind, Jacob Drone, Herman Krahr, Adam Schwind, Sophia Drone, Andreas Krahr, Margaretha Siemon, David Drone, John Krapp, John Strauch, Stephen Eschbach, Daniel Krapp, Jacob Texter, John Eschbach, Lydia Krapp, Christian Teter, Georg Eschbach, Maria Krapp, Katharine Voegeler, H. Fox, Elizabeth Kreiser, Adam Voegeler, Anna Maria Fuhrer, Joseph Kugler, Philip Weil, A. M. Fullner, Georg Kugler, Friedrich Weisman, F. Gaugler, Susanna Kugler, Margaretha Wendling, Reuben Gilbert, Abraham Long Daniel Wendling, Philip Gilhert, Emilie Long, Katharine Wendling, Daniel Grab, John Lutz, Johann Wettling, John Grayer, Adam Lutz, Adam Wettling, Friedrich Hauck, Elizabeth Lutz, Samuel Wettling, Henry Hahn, John Lutz, Joseph Willman, John and Georg It is interesting to note the changes that have occurred in the spelling of family names. Oecschle has been changed to Exley; Knecht. to Knight; Kob to Cope; Scherri to Sherry; Eschbach to Ashbaugh; Bayer to Boyer; Beil to Beals. The successor of Pastor Braasch was Rev. August Bernhard Bierde- mann, who was responsible for the adoption of the constitution of October 5, 1855. This constitution required the pastor to ‘belong to some orthodox Lutheran synod in America, and makes the following declaration on the language question: “This con- gregation is German and shall always remain German; but this shall not be interpreted as forbidding the use of the English language in the services.” The larger part of the English ele- ment left the congregation in 1842, when Emmanuel Church was organized; but during the next generation another equally strong English element arose, which made the same persistent demand for English preaching. When these demands were not heeded, many of the younger people went over to the Reformed congregation. Pastor Bierdemann was deeply offended by the refusal of some of the members to support his policies; and he HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 459 left a memorandum in the Church Book for the guidance of future pastors, written in Latin, but giving the names of the rebellious members in Greek. His successor was Rev. Anton Lachenmeier, who dedicated the first stone church in 1859. This building was large and roomy, with a gallery around three sides and a high pulpit built against the wall, after the manner of the old Westmoreland churches. The last of the Ohio Synod pastors in St. Paul’s was Rev. Peter Engers, who spent thirteen years in the parish, 1860-1873, and was finally compelled to retire by the growing English element. After long contention, during which a number of the young people left the congregation, Rev. J. B. Fox was elected pastor and Pastor Engers displaced by a vote of 70 to 22. The followers of the latter then withdrew and formed the German Lutheran Church at Blair’s Corners. Since that time St. Paul’s has been served by pastors of the Pittsburgh Synod, under the following parish relations: St. Paul’s, St. Petersburg, and Emlenton, 1873-1879; St. Paul’s and Emlenton, 1879-1887; St. Paul’s Emlenton, and Tidioute, 1887-1889; St. Paul’s and St. Petersburg, 1889-1894; St. Paul’s, St. Petersburg, and Emlenton, 1894-1901; St. Paul’s, 1901-1919; St. Paul’s and Knox, 1919-. The first parsonage was erected on the Best lot in 1845, and this was replaced by a more substantial frame building in 1889. At a congregational meeting, January 1, 1904, it was decided to build a new church, leaving the question open as to whether it should be union or Lutheran. At a joint meeting of the Lutheran and Reformed congregations, September 17, 1904, it was decided that each should build a new church, that neither of these two churches should be built on the original plot, and that the old stone church should not be torn down for five years or until the new churches were completed. The Lutherans acted promptly and bought one acre of ground adjoining the cemetery from John H. Best, December 31, 1904. A building committee was appointed, consisting of S. W. Best, J. E. Hanst, W. A. Rowe, John Rowe, and W. J. Kline, who let the contract for the buildinévot anew! stone tchurchato ElS) Sloan’+*Pastor DB. Stahlman suffered a paralytic stroke in his pulpit, from which death resulted, December 1, 1905, and for this reason the corner stone of the church was laid by a supply pastor, Rev. M. L. Zweizig, president of Kittanning Conference, July 15, 1906. The beautiful and churchly building was dedicated by Pastor Emil G. Lund, June 30, 1907, in the presence of a great throng. Although St. Paui’s Church is regarded as one of the finest rural churches in the synod, there were such generous donations by the members that the total money cost was only $17,000. The fol- lowing is a list of the pastorates: Rev. Peter Rupert (travelling missionary), 1814; Rev. John M. Steck (occasional visitor), 1815- 1818; Rev. Peter Rupert (occasional visitor), 1818-1821; Rev. 460 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD G. A. Reichert, 1822-1831; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1831-1840; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1840-1842; Supplies, 1842-1844; Rev. C. G. Stuebgen, 1844-1847; Rev. J. E. W. Braasch, 1847-1851; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, 1853-1856; Rev. Anton Lachenmeier, 1857- 1860; Rev. Peter Engers, 1860-1873; Rev. J. B. Fox, 1873-1887 ; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1888-1897; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1897-1902 ; Rev. D. B. Stahlman, 1903-1905; Rev. M. L. Zweizig (supply), 1906; Rev. Emil G. Lund, D.D., 1906-1907; Rev. W. A. Zundel, 1908-1909; Rev. F. E. Stough, 1910-1912; Rev. C. E. Read, 1912-1916;) Rev: Ay M. Hahn) 91917-19223, Rey john ave Axe, 1922-. oT, JOHNS EVANGELICAL LU LA ERAN CHUNG CHUORKCEN Tih bas Between the years 1800 and 1811, a few German farmers from Westmoreland County and Switzerland took up lands in this vicinity. These settlers were the fathers of Licking Church. In 1802 John Brinker bought a tract of land from Lewis Dauben- speck, three acres of which he sold for a consideration of ten dollars to the “Trustees of the German Lutheran and German Reformed congregations” about the year 1811. The time of this sale cannot be definitely determined, since Mr. Brinker neglected to execute a deed, and the legal transfer was made by his heirs, April 26, 1834. Upon this land a church was erected some time during the years 1811-1814, for Rev. Peter Rupert found this little log church in the wilderness in 1814, and confirmed a class of catechumens within its walls, one of whom lived to tell the story to Pastor B. EF. Shaner when she was ninety-four years of age. This longevity of Mother Kuhns reflected the vigor of her race; for the Lutheran pioneers of Clarion County were a sturdy people, gifted with strong bodies as well as great hearts. In 1819 Rev. Henry Koch of the Reformed Church located within the county, and ministered freely to both Lutherans and Re- formed from 1819 to 1822. Rev. John M. Steck of Greensburg visited them occasionally, but the man on whom they seemed to rely was Pastor Koch. Denominational lines were not closely drawn in those days, and the two congregations worshipped to- gether in the old log church as one body. In the summer time, when the congregations were large, it was their custom to hold the services in the open. In 1822 Rev. G. A. Reichert, travelling missionary of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, visited the settlement and accepted a call to become their pastor. From 1822 to 1830 he visited Licking Church from two to eight times a year, ministering to the people altogether in German. At two communions in the old log church, June 3, 1828, and September 12, 1829, he administered the sacrament to the following: HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 461 Acker, Heinrich Heppler, Elizabetha Russel, Maria Acker, Anna Maria Huetter, Magdalena Sauberling, Mathias Armengast, Polly Huber, Christian Schautter, Susanna Bassert, Michael Huber, Maria Schlagenhaupt, Michael Bauschlein, Georg Keifer, Susanna Schlagenhaupt, Maria Bittenbinder, Philip Kaum, Katharina Schlagenhaupt, Maria (2) Bruecker, Elizabetha Kelle, William Schmaehl, Georg Delb, Georg Klingenschmidt, Peter Schmaehl, Christina Delb, Saloma Kroh, Katharina Schmaehl, Thomas Delb, Johannes Kuhns, Christian Schmaehl, Sabina Delb, Barbara Kuhns, Maria Schmaehl, Susanna Delb, Heinrich Kuhns, John Schmidt, Jacob Delb, Margaretha Kuhns, Margaretha Schneider, Magdalena Derhammer, Isaac Lang, Susanna Schulz, Johannes Dietermann, Isaac Mang, Mathias Schulz, Karl Dietermann, Hannah Mang, Sally Walter, Elizabetha Fraser, John Miller, Anna Maria Wieand, Katharina Garris, Anna Maria Reiss, Andreas Wieckehr, Johannes Gray, Anna Maria Reiss, Katharina Wieckehr, Katharina Gross, John Heinrich Roth, Peter Wieckehr, John, Gross, Elizabetha Roth, Elizabetha Wieckehr, Hannah Hamm, Christina Russel, Jacob Wolf, Elizabetha The striking similarity of names would indicate that there was a close touch between the Licking and Beaver settlements in early days. Christian Kuhns, George Delb, Peter Klingen- schmidt, and Karl Schulz seem to have been the leading men of the congregation in Pastor Reichert’s day. Karl Schulz led the singing for both congregations for a number of years, always standing with one foot on a bench as he performed the duty. Pastor Reichert preached his farewell sermon, May 20, 1830, and was succeeded by Rev. Henry David Keyl, who served them from 1830 to 1840. Like his predecessor, Pastor Keyl was a thorough German, deeply devoted to his church. He sought out the scattered Lutheran settlers of the county in their homes, and his ministerial service was always at their command. The older people were wont to tell their children how he would do his reading and studying on horse back as he journeyed slowly from one settlement to another. The first Sunday School of the com- munity was organized and conducted by a Mr. Davis, who was highly esteemed by the people. This school was conducted along union lines, and a Lutheran-Reformed school was later organized in the church, with John E. Kaster as the first superintendent. The old log church contained but one stove and was hard to heat in severe weather, but this fact was never allowed to interfere with church attendance. When they had an ordained minister in their church, they were glad to attend the services regardless of personal comfort. It was customary for the people in early times to take their dinner baskets with them to church, especially after the introduction of the English language in the services, since they could have a German sermon in the morning and an English sermon in the afternoon. The German preaching was discontinued about the year 1846, twenty-five years in advance of the neighboring Beaver Church. The old log church served as a place of worship until 1841, when it was replaced by a brick structure. At the laying of the corner stone of the brick church 462 HISTORY OF VCE SPE iS BURGH SYNOD a new constitution was adopted, which prohibited anyone to be stated pastor, “who is unable to preach in German and English”. This provision was construed as a blow against Pastor Koch who could not preach well in English, and the old pastor left the gathering in tears. Pastor Koch was also opposed to new measures or protracted meetings, then coming into popular favor, and this too may have had something to do with the provision named, The union between the Lutherans and Reformed was maintained until April 12, 1873, when the Reformed sold their interest to the Lutherans for $200 and built a church of their own in Curllsville. The Lutherans then improved the old church at considerable expense; and it was rededicated by Doc- tor F. W. Conrad, October 17, 1875. In 1916 the church was badly damaged by lightning; and a great storm unroofed it and did even greater damage in 1920. In the last instance churches of the North East Conference gave generous assistance in mak- ing the repairs. The membership of this congregation has never been large, and the introduction of the new measures in the days of Rev. William Uhl was a great hindrance to the development of a sound church life in later years. Like all rural churches, St. John’s has suffered heavily by the removal of the young people to the cities. The following pastors have served here: Rev. Peter Rupert (travelling missionary), 1814; Supplies, 1815-1822; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1822-1830; Rev. H.: D. Keyl, 1830-1840 ; Rev. ib G. Young (German supply), 1840-1843; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1843-1844; Rev. J. G. Young (German supply), 1844- 1846; ev William Uhl, 1846-1848; Rev. Jeremiah Fishburn, 1849-1859; Rev. A. S. Miller, 1860-1864; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1866-1869; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1869-1870; Rev. J. W. Reese, 1871-1872; Rev; DW. Leitzell, 1873-18382" Rev. | eKee Bricker 1883-1884; Rev. J. L. Metzgar, 1885-1891; Rev. B. E. Shaner, 1891-1897; Rev. S. A. Zimbeck, 1898- 1901 ; Revi is) Ceivic Gaughey, 1902- 1906; Rev. A. M. Himes, 1907- 1909 |S Revaaeaae Shriver, 1910-1912; Rev. W. D. Nicoll, 1912-1914; Rev. John A. Howe; 1914-1919 Student’ Pauly]: SOysiera (supply), 1920; Rev. H. A. Seel, 1921- 1922; Rev. William Weicksel (supply), 1922-1923. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SHANNONDALE, PA. The founding of this church was largely due to the faith and loyalty of a Lutheran mother, Mrs. Katharine Keck, who came from the Brush Creek settlement of Westmoreland County to this vicinity in 1818. She had five sons, David, George, Joseph, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 463 Philip, and Conrad. All their earthly possessions were brought to Clarion County on the back of one horse, although it is said that the boys managed to drive four pigs through the woods to their new home. A log cabin was erected, and here the boys grew up to manhood. Conrad was only eleven years of age at the time of the settlement; and walked all the way back to Brush Creek in his bare feet in order to attend catechetical instruction under Pastor John M. Steck. Naturally Pastor Steck was deeply interested in a lad of such parts, and visited the family several times in their new homes during the years 1820 to 1828. He effected the provisional organization of a congregation here in 1820, and held his services in a log school house, located about two miles from Shannondale on the Michael Dinger farm. Here the congregation probably expected to make their permanent home, since a burial ground was connected with the school house and several interments made. About eight years later, however, the people decided to locate their church in Shannondale; and a plot of ground, containing between three and four acres, was secured from Timothy Pickering and Nicholas Fish at a cost of eight dollars. The deed was dated, December 18, 1828, and the ground conveyed to “John Yeany and Jacob Hymes, in trust for the Presbyterian and Lutheran congregations of Red Bank Township, in the County of Armstrong, Pennsylvania’. At that time Armstrong County extended northward as far as the Clarion River, and Red Bank Township included the present Red Bank, Porter, Monroe, Limestone, Clarion, and Mill Creek town- ships of Clarion County, and the Red Bank, Mahoning and (part) Madison townships of Armstrong County. That natur- ally makes it difficult for the historian to determine what church is meant when the synodical records refer to “Red Bank”. While the name Presbyterian in the original deed was meant to apply to the German Reformed: Church, the Reformed people were not satisfied with their title, and a reconveyance of the property was effected, April 23, 1853, in which Conrad Keck and Christian Yeany were named as trustees of the “Lutheran and Reformed congregation called Zion”. It is probable that the log school house, that stood here and was used for church and school purposes for a number of years, was erected in the fall of 1828. When Rev. Henry David Keyl came to Clarion County in 1829 he soon learned to know of this school house, and held regular services every month from 1830 to 1838. In the last named year Rev. John George Young became pastor and served them faithfully every four weeks for a period of 29 years. It is said that he preached here for two years before he was licensed by the West Pennsylvania Synod. An old document dated January 1, 1844, is preserved by the congregation, which contains the names of forty-one persons, Lutheran and Re- 464 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD formed, who pledged twenty-two dollars, twenty-eight bushels of wheat and nineteen bushels of rye to Pastor Young for one year of service. The last communion service in the old log school house was conducted by Pastor Young, April 12, 1846, when the following communed: Bachman, Katharine Heim, Katharine Schafer, Simon Bachman, Elizabeth Heim, Barbara Schafer, Margaret Bachman, Anna Hetrich, Katharine Schwab, Fronika Battorf, Benjamin Keck, Katharine Schwarz, Isaac Boyer, George Keck, George Schwarz, Elizabeth Boyer, Elizabeth Keck, David Wolfgang, Hundieter, Sr. Bier, Johannes Keck, Salome Wolfgang, Magdalena Bisch, Jacob Moyer, Elizabeth Wolfgang, Hundieter, Jr. Bisch, Elizabeth Moyer, Nancy Wolfgang, Maria Burket, Margaret Rau, William Wolfgang, Michael Ferringer, Joseph, Jr. Reinerd, George Wolfgang, Barbara Ferringer, Caroline Reinerd, Elizabth Wolfgang, Elizabeth Heim, Jacob, Sr. Reitz, John and Salome Wunderling, Fr. _ In the records of the West Pennsylvania Synod for 1834 this congregation is called Yeaney’s, after a prominent Reformed family of the community. It is spelled “Jene” in the early com- munion lists. On April 9, 1846, an article of agreement was signed with Daniel B. Hamm, who agreed to build a good frame church, 40x55, for $1,300. This was a large sum of money for those days, but George Reinerd headed a subscription paper with $100, Conrad Keck followed with $75, and John Jene with $65, and the amount was soon raised. The church was dedi- cated by Pastors Young and Hoffman, January 19, 1847, Rev. William Uhl preaching the sermon. This building was a great improvement over the log church, and was considered a very attractive place of worship. During the greater part of his long pastorate Rev. J. G. Young lived in a little house in the woods about four miles from Hawthorne. When he removed to Michi- gan in 1867, he left a strong parish of six churches with more than four hundred communicants. Local people still speak of his peculiarities, one of which was to enter the church with his long clay pipe in his mouth and lay it carefully on a window ledge until after the benediction. He was not a well educated man, since he had but two years of private study under Pastor Bernheim to his credit, but he filled a useful place in the Pitts- burgh Synod, and had more to show as the result of his min- istry than many of the better trained men. Like Pastor Henry David Keyl, he was a great missionary in the earlier years of his pastorate, and often had as many “preaching stations” as churches under his care. He travelled as far to the northeast as Emerickville, and as far to the west as the Kammerdiener settle- ment, holding all his services in the German language. His suc- cessor was Rev. C. A. Fetzer, whose term of service extended from 1868 to 1875. About the year 1870 he introduced English services, preaching in both languages once a month. While some HISTORY OF) THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 465 ot the Germans were inclined to resent the innovation, it seems that practically all the members of Zion attended all services, whether the sermon was in English or German. By this spirit of cooperation the transition stage from German to English was made comparatively easy, and regular German services ceased during the pastorate of Rev. J. H. Ritter. On February 12, 1874, the parsonage property in Shannondale was bought for $1350 — by Zion, Bethlehem, Ringgold, and Hawthorne churches, but the interest of the last two were purchased by Zion and Bethlehem ten years later. During the pastorate of Rev. Jacob Ash, 1876- 1889, the union between the Reformed and Lutherans was dis- solved. The Lutherans asked but $250 for their interest in the old church, but the Reformed compromised with them for $150. The land was divided by survey, June 21, 1887, and the Lu- therans then built a new church. ‘The corner stone was laid, October 31, 1887, and the building dedicated by Pastor Jacob Ash, June 3, 1889. It was built of frame at a cost of $4,500, but much of the labor was donated. The first Sunday School was a union school of all denominations in the school house; the second was a Reformed-Lutheran school, which met in the church with Isaac Schaffer as the first superintendent; the present Lutheran school was organized by Pastor Ash. From 1884 to 1920 Red Bank Parish consisted of Zion and Bethlehem, except for a short period, 1884-1889, when Cool Spring was added; since 1920 Trinity Church of New Bethlehem has been connected with the parish. The present constitution was adopted, January 1, 1900, but Zion has not yet been incorporated. ‘The pastors were: Rev. J. M. Steck and Rev. G. A. Reichert (occa- sional supplies), 1820-1829; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1830-1838; Rev. J. G. Young, 1838-1867; Rev. C. A. Fetzer, 1868-1875; Rev. Michael Schweigert (supply), 1875; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1876-1889 ; Rev. J. H. Ritter, 1889-1895; Rev. J. L. Fischer, 1896-1903; Rev. Henry Voegtly, 1904-1908; Rev. W. H. Kline, 1908-1909; Rev. William Weicksel, 1910-1916; Rev. J. A. Boord, 1918-1921; Supplies, 1921-1923; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1923-. MI. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SEL PEE NV Li PAT Mt. Zion Church is three years older than the town in which it is located, having been organized by Pastor G. A. Reichert in 1823. Pastor Reichert visited this community in 1822 as a trav- elling missionary of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, and the work preliminary to organization was done at that time. Judge Henry Shippen deeded the old cemetery across the road from the present church to the trustees in 1823, and on the southeast 466 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD corner of this ground a log school house was built that was sometimes used as a place of wor- ship. More frequently the services were held in ~ a school house on the west side of the lot; while communion serv- ices were held. in the Shippen barn. The serv- ices given by Pastor Reichert to this congre- gation, 1823-1830, were only occasional; although he preached at Beaver, Fryburg, and Licking i a regularly for a part of cs this) tine sein 1S30Riheg Henry David Keyl made Shippenville the center of a wide range of missionary operations, and continued as pas- tor until 1839. He yielded the field to Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld in 1840, because of his inability to provide the necessary English services for the younger people. The parish of Rev. Ehrenfeld consisted of Shippenville, Fryburg, Beaver, and St. Petersburg. Pastor Ehrenfeld took such strong ground on the temperance question and on prayer meetings that he offended many; but later pastors gave him credit for having exerted a powerful in- fluence upon the spiritual life of the county. It was he who se- cured for the congregation their first finished house of worship. It was several years in process of building, being finished as funds were available, some of which were gathered in the eastern part of the state. The lot was purchased from the Shippen estate, July 6, 1842. The corner stone was laid, May 13, 1842, and the building dedicated after much trouble with the first con- tractor, October 27, 1844. The building had a basement that was used for school purposes, and an audience room that was reached by a flight of front steps. Soon after the dedication Pastor Samuel David Witt of the Alleghany Synod accepted a call, and served until death, August 29, 1851. Through this pastor Mt. Zion Church participated in the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod, January 15, 1845. The second convention of the new synod was held in Mt. Zion Church, June 5-10, 1845, and is said to have been the most popular convention in the his- tory of that body. In 1847 Pastor J. E. W. Braasch of Beaver Church began to preach in Shippenville for the benefit of those ‘Wd “ATIIANdddIHS ‘HOYNHD VOT GIO AO HOLANS Nad 468 HISTORY OF THE PIPrSBURGH SYNOD Germans, who were not satisfied with the solution of the language problem in Mt. Zion. The result was that most of the Germans withdrew and formed Emmanuel Church in 1849. This division, together with the collapse of the iron industry in the county, was a severe financial blow to the congregation; and their church was sold by the sheriff to Jacob Black for $500, December 4, 1852. About two years later it was repurchased by the congregation for $1,300, the deed being dated, November 13, 1854. During this period of distress Mr. Black permitted them to hold regular services in the church. Soon after this a church bell was secured, which was mounted for a time on heavy posts in the church yard. A cupola was built for this bell in 1856. The church was repaired several times, but in 1902 it was de- cided to erect a new building. ‘The corner stone was laid, June 7, 1903, and the church dedicated by Pastor J. H. Keller, Decem- ber 13, 1903. It was a substantial frame church, built of the choicest lumber, with a corner tower, at a total cost of $8,000. In 1916 a pipe organ was installed, and in 1923 a convenient annex to the church was dedicated by Pastor L. H. Rehmeyer. The parsonage was built during the pastorate of Rev. J. M. Wonders. For many years Mt. Zion and St. Mark’s constituted a parish, but in 1913 Fryburg and Amity were added. The pastors of Mt. Zion were: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1823-1830; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1830-1839; Rev. G: F. Ehrenfeld, 1840-1844; Rev. 5. D, Witt, 1844-18503 Rev. J.-G. Ellinger" 1852-18533 even. B. Lawson, 1854-1857; Rev. W. B. Bachtell, 1858-1861; Rev. J. ©. Waters, (1861-1862 7 Rev. J. Bo box) 1802-1863 Revaeieene Dietterich, 1868-1872; Rev. Peter Gheen, 1872-1873; Rev. C. S. Coates, 1873-1876; Rev. A. C. Felker, 1877-1878; Rev. J. M. Wonders, 1878-1888; Rev. J. M. Rice, 1888-1890; Rev. H. F. Long, 1890-1896; Rev. J. C. Fasold, 1896-1898; Rev. A. J. B. Kast, 1899-1902; Rev. J.. H. Keller, 1902-1905; Rev. T. A. Himes, D.D., 1905-1908; Rev. Charles Lambert, 1909-1914; Rev, Ri Ro Richard, 1915-1918 -sReves bwin, Rehmey er us 1923; Rev. C. L. Ritter, 1924-. ST JOHN SS BV ANGELICA UA El ERAN GC Eita PRY BURG *EAr yr The first pioneers of this community were three young Germans from Lancaster County, George Kapp, John David Siegwerth, and Christian Hahnlein, who looked over the country in 1811 and selected suitable locations. Enlisting in the army for the war of 1812 interfered with their plans, but they brought out their families in 1815. At that time this region was Chief Cornplanter’s favorite hunting ground, and members of his tribe HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 469 built a hunting lodge not far from the German cabins. Fried- rich Ruckenbrod and Jacob Billich also came out from Lancaster County in 1820, and these five families furnished the nucleus for St. John’s Church. A log school house was built by all the people of the community in 1825, and this was used by the Lu- therans for a time as a place of worship. The first Lutheran service in this school house was conducted by Pastor G. A. Reichert, who began his work among them in 1822, and organ- ized “State Road Evangelical Lutheran Church’, January 30, 1829, with the following members: Amsler, Johann Mahl, Heinrich Schneider, Barbara Amsler, Heinrich Mahl, Maria E. Schuler, Anna Billich, Jacob Mahl, Justus Schwab, Abraham Billich, Maria (2) Mahl, Elizabetha Schwab, Katharina (2) Billich, Johann K. Mahl, Wilhelmina Schwab, Barbara Billich, Elizabetha Mang, Heinrich and Michael Schwab, John Finck, Samuel Ruckenbrod, Heinrich Schwab, Polly Finck, Dorothea Ruckenbrod, Magdalena (2) Schwab, Anna Galt, Georg Ruckenbrod, Georg Schwartz, Wilhelm Galt, Maria Ruckenbrod, Sophia Schwartz, Magdalena Hahnlein, Christian Ruckenbrod, Johann Schwartz, Maria Hahnlein, Margaretha Ruckenbrod, Jacob Siegwerth, John (2) Hahnlein, Katharina Ruckenbrod, Katharina Siegwerth, Sophia Hahnlein, Joseph Ruckenbrod, Maria Siegwerth, Maria Kapp, Georg Schmidt, john Siegwerth, Katharina Kapp,. Henry Schmidt, Barbara Schott, Katharina Kapp, Samuel G. Schmidt, Katharina Zeller, Johann Mahl, Ludwig Schneider, Lorenz Zeller, Elizabetha. Pastor Reichert served them every eight weeks until March 29, 1830, when he was succeeded by Rev. Henry David Keyl, who died in the home of Jacob Ruckenbrod later, and lies at rest in the old cemetery. - After serving nine years in St. John’s he gave way to Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld, who introduced English services. In 1842 a church was built on land donated by J. G. Siegwerth north of Fryburg; and this was displaced by a new frame church dedicated in Fryburg, May 18, 1862. In time this church was torn down, and Pastor Carl Zinssmeister dedi- cated their fourth house of worship, January 15, 1888. The par- sonage was destroyed by fire, February 3, 1898, but another was built for $1,600. The pastors were: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1829- 1830; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1830-1839; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1840- 1844; Rev. S. D. Witt, 1844-1847; Rev. P. S. Nellis, 1847; Rev. J. G. Donmeyer, 1847-1849; Rev. Eli Fair, 1849-1852; Rev. J. G. Ellinger, 1852-1853; Rev. S. B. Lawson, 1853-1858; Rev. Isaac Brenneman, 1859-1860; Rev. A. M. Strauss, 1863-1870; Rev. W. S. Porr, 1870-1874; Rev. D. E. Reed, 1875-1876; Rev. ie be Kendall) 18/721879 ; Rev. JeahawbBricker, 1679-1883; Rev. W. G. Gettle, 1883-1885; Rev. George Sill, 1885-1886; Rev. C. Zinssmeister, 1887-1890; Rev. J. M. Wonders, 1891-1901; Rev. D. W. Lecrone, 1902-1908; Rev. W. L. Price, 1909-1914; Rev. W. E. Watts, 1915-1917; Rev. J. E. MacDonald, 1919-1920; Rev. L. H. Rehmeyer, 1920-1923; Rev. C. L. Ritter, 1924-. 470 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD oT. PETER’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN "CHURCH Sl} PETERSBURG, BA. This church was organized by Pastor Henry David Keyl, probably in the early part of 1834. Among the earliest Lu- theran pioneers of the community were Samuel Shirey and Henry Whitling, the latter locating here in 1828. ‘They were the first trustees of the Lutheran congregation. No earlier rec- ords than 1893 are found, but it is known that the following were among the original members: Allebach, Henry Edinger, Andrew Knauss, Philip Allebach, Sarah Edinger, Maria Knauss, Magdalena Allebach, David Edinger, Samuel Reitz, Christian Allebach, Catherine Edinger, Sarah Reitz, Mary Allebach, Jacob Fritz, Mr. and Mrs. Shirey, Samuel Allebach, Veronica Fillman, Mr. and Mrs. Shirey, Sarah Conver, John F. Goughler, Henry Whitling, Henry Conver, Susanna Goughler, Catherine Whitling, Dorothea The first services were held in the barn of John Snyder, about two miles north of St. Petersburg. The church ground in St. Petersburg was secured from Richard Peters of Philadelphia. While visiting his Clarion County estate, he made Jacob Alle- bach and John F. Conver his agents, with power to grant any five-acre lot of the estate desired for church and burial purposes to responsible trustees. On March 25, 1834, a deed was given for this land to John Snyder and Daniel Ashbaugh, trustees for the Presbyterians, and Samuel Shirey and Henry Whitling, trus- tees for the Lutherans. According to a custom of that day the name Presbyterian was ee Ste applied to the Reformed ; in the.’ ‘deed/* *Howsent happened that this land was used for burial pur- poses fore’ many eeverss previous to its convey- ance to these trustees is not known; but there are graves in the ceme- tery as old as 1811... A frame church was erect- edivat “as cost Of polsguee which was dedicated by Pastor Henry Koch of the Reformed and Pastor H. D. Keyl of the Lu- therans in 1837. While y Pastor Keyl was a godly cas man and highly esteemed g in the community, he HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 471 was unable to preach well in English, and several petitions were sent to the West Pennsylvania Synod asking for a bilingual min- ister. These petitions were answered in December, 1840, when Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld became pastor of Shippenville, Salem, Fry- burg, Beaver, and Ashbaugh’s. St. Peter’s was given the name Ashbaugh’s after a prominent Reformed family of the com- munity. After the resignation of Pastor Ehrenfeld, June 1, 1844, pastors of the Ohio Synod served the parish until 1865. While all these men were faithful ministers, they did not provide sufficient English preaching for the young people, and the result was that many of them united with the Reformed. Beginning with Pastor J. B. Fox in 1865, all the more recent pastors of St. Peter’s have been members of the Pittsburgh Synod. At the out- break of the synodical controversy in 1868, Pastor Fox had charge of a parish consisting of Shippenville, St. Mark’s, Em- manuel, Salem, and St. Peter’s; but St. Peter’s alone stood with the pastor when he elected to cast his lot with the General Coun- cil. St. Peter’s and Emlenton united to form a parish in 1869, and to this Beaver was added in 1874. The union with the Re- formed was dissolved in 1854, to the extent that the Reformed sold their interest in the old church to the Lutherans, and built a new church of their own on the common ground. The Lu- therans laid the corner stone of a new church, July 3, 1873, which was dedicated by Pastor Fox, December 21, 1873. This church cost $6,500, and was torn down to make room for the present structure. The beautiful stone church was made pos- sible by the offer of the W. G. Freeman family to match the gifts of the congregation up to $12,000. This promise was more than fully redeemed. The corner stone was laid, June 19, 1921, and the building dedicated by Pastor W. R. Goff, June 4, 1922. It was built of native stone from the Freeman and Russell farms in random ruble style at a cost of $33,500. During the pastorate of Rev. W. C. Beck a frame parsonage was built on a lot donated by W. G. Freeman.. Since 1919 Salem, Emlenton, and St. Peter’s have constituted the parish. The pastors were: Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1834-1839; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeid, 1840-1844; Rev. C. G. Stuebgen, 1844-1847; Rev. J. E. W. Braasch, 1847-1853; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, 1853-1856; Rev. Anton Lachenmeier, 1857-1860; Rev. Peter Engers, 1860-1865; Rev. J. B. Fox, 1865- 1878; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1879-1880; Supplies, 1880-1883; Rev. G. E. Titzel, 1883-1888; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1889-1897; Rev. Lud- wig Beisecker, 1897-1900; Rev. Bernard Repass, 1901-1904; Rev. W. C. Beck, 1905-1911; Rev. H. D. Whitteker, 1912-1913; Rev. Bernard Fetterly, 1914-1916; Rev. W. Weicksel, 1916-1919; Rev. W. R. Goff, 1919-1923; Rev. J. R. Booth, 1923-. 472 HISTORY) OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD SALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SALEM TOWNSHIP, CLARION COUNTY, PA. Among the Salem pioneers of 1820 were a number of Ger- mans, who attended services in St. Paul’s. Pastor Henry David Keyl began to hold services for them in the home of John Adam Scheffer in 1830. These first services were held in German, but English was demanded by the younger people as early as 1834. About the year 1835 the place of meet- ing was changed to the home of. William Her- rington, and the appoint- ment was called Herring- ton’s in the synodical rec- 7 ord. Salem Church was 5 Ge | probably organized in Aa 1835---bub sthes datemen ie not be given with cer- tainty. It would not be i es Le a unreasonable to assume hs that a provisional organi- zation of some kind was | effected in 1830, when services were begun in the Scheffer. home. Among the first members were the following: DeTurk, John Meeker, Mary Scheffer, John Herrington, William Rugh, . Peter Scheffer, Barbara Herrington, Elizabeth Rugh, Susan Schott, Christian Kribbs, Philip Rugh, William Whitling, George Meeker, Dr. G. A. Rugh, Charlotte Whitling, Mrs. George The first trustees were John Scheffer and John DeTurk. The first church was built on land donated by Christian Schott. The Reformed claimed that it was donated by Judge Peters for a union Reformed and Lutheran Church, but the deed of July 31, 1841, was made by James W. Guthrie and wife to John De Turk and George Jones, trustees, “for the use of Salem con- gregation of the Lutheran Church”. ‘The lot contained two acres, and the consideration named was one dollar. ‘The first church was built of frame at a cost of $1,000, and served as a place of worship for 37 years, without paint or repairs. The corner stone was laid by Pastor Keyl in June, 1838, two Re- formed pastors being present, but taking no part in the service. It was dedicated in the fall of 1838. The Reformed were given the privilege of holding services in the church until 1867, when HISTORY. OF THE (PITTSBURGH SYNOD 473 they dedicated a church of their own. Other denominations were given a similar privilege. In 1845 a house and five acres of land were bought from John Herbst, and Pastor J. G. Don- meyer was the first to use it as the parsonage. It was located more than a mile east of the church, and was used as a parson- age until 1862. It was sold in 1865, when the second parsonage was built nearer the church. From 1847 to 1920 Salem was the center of a large parish, but in the last named year it united with St. Petersburg and Emlenton to form a parish with the pastor living in St. Petersburg, and the old parsonage was sold for $1,600. The second church was built in 1875 at a cost of $4,800. The corner stone was laid, July 4, 1875, and the building dedi- cated by Pastor C. S$. Coates, November 21, 1875. Repairs were made to this church in 1901, 1903, and 1920. During the syn- odical controversy of 1867, Salem Church took such a strong stand in favor of the General Synod that the pastor was com- pelled to resign. In point of numbers, Salem has been one of the strongest rural churches of the county, numbering 321 mem- bers in 1910. Seven of her sons have entered the office of the ministry: S$. P. Herrington, John Amos Scheffer, Nathanael Scheffer, Samuel W. Kuhns, C. E. Rugh, Meade A. Rugh, and Arthur Rugh. The wives of. Pastors Joseph Welker, J. K. Argo, James A. Hartman, and Peter Ewald were also members of Salem. One of the remarkable features of parish work in Salem is the large attendance of young people at the evening services. A strong Young People’s Society is maintained. The pastorates in their order. were: Rev. H. D, Keyl, 1830-1839; Rey, G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1840-1844; Rev. J. G. Donmeyer, 1845-1847; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1848-1853; Rev. J. G. Ellinger, 1853-1854; Rev. Nathan Paltzgroff, 1854-1857; Rev. W. B. Bachtell, 1858- 1861; Rev. J. O. Waters, 1861-1862; Rev. J. B. Fox, 1862-1868; Rev. J. F. Dietterich, 1868-1872; Rev. Peter Gheen, 1872-1873; Rev: GC. (S; Coates) 1873-1876 Rev. A, Cy Felker? 1877-1879: Rev. E. H. Dornblaser, 1879-1881; Rev. J. A. Hartman, 1882- 1884; Rev. J. F. Hershiser, 1884-1890; Rev. Shile Miller, 1892- 1895; Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger, 1895-1899; Rev. S. E. Smith, 1899-1905; Rev. F. J. Howard, 1906-1908; Rev. A. M. Himes, 1909-1914; Rev. J. A. Boord, 1915-1918; Rev. W. R. Goff, 1919- LOZ eevau jork bootie 923-1 EMMANUEL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH KNOX, PA: Emmanuel Church is a child of the venerable St. Paul’s. When Rev. George F. Ehrenfeld was pastor of St. Paul’s, his type of piety provoked the antagonism of the conservative Ger- mans, and the result was the. withdrawa] of a number of the 474 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD friends of the pastor and the organization of Em- mantel Gh tit cima spirit of the new organi- zation, as expressed in resolutions of February 25, 1842, was expressed in an article in the Lu- theran (Observe son March 18, 1842, as fol- lows: “Whereas, the major- ity of the Lutheran con- | vregation, Ol) tmeedules oe Church, Beaver ‘Town- ship, Clarion County, Pa IS ene feel themselves greatly == |e 7 aggrieved by the un- Christian-like proceeding of said congregation, by refusing the key of said church, when legally, peaceably and for several times demanded by the trustees and council of the con- gregation, and thus continue to exclude the congregation from worshipping peaceably there; and Whereas, the congregation believe that peace cannot be had at that place so long as such conduct, which is likely to be con- tinued, is manifested; therefore Resolved 1. That it is necessary, in order to maintain peace and avoid collision, to erect a house of worship for said con- gregation. Resolved 2. That this house be built on lands of George Kribbs and John Marsh. Resolved 3. That G. A. Meeker, M.D., George Kribbs, FEsqr., and Reuben Fowls be a committee for collecting subscrip- tions for said house. Resolved 4. That, by taking this step, we by no means re- linquish our right and title to St. Paul’s Church, but shall always maintain the same in said church”. The corner stone of their church was laid by Pastor Ehren- feld, May 16, 1842, but the time of the dedication has not been recorded. The site was a commanding elevation of two acres, about one mile north of St. Paul’s, and provided a cemetery that was used for 50 years. In 1877 an oil well was drilled on the premises, which netted the congregation $2,840.69 in royalties. HIS lORYVOM THE SPILTSBURGH SYNOD 475 With this money the congregation decided to build a new church, and this created another division. Beaver City was then a boom- ing oil town of 1,000 people, and here the congregation decided to build their church. The corner stone was laid, July 1, 1877, and the church dedicated by Pastor A. C. Felker, October 7, 1377 At was built-or frame, 38x66)" and’ cost $6,000. Inthe meantime members of the church living in Pickwick, dissatisfied with the decision to rebuild in Beaver City, organized a congre- gation of 30 members and dedicated St. Luke’s Lutheran Church, March 10, 1878. The leading man of this church was George Peter Delo, who made liberal provisions for its needs as long as he lived. While the oil boom lasted, St. Luke’s Church pros- pered, but the passing of the oil meant the abandonment of the church, September 19, 1917. The Beaver City congregation fared better. When Beaver City vanished with the oil boom, the church was relocated in Edenburg or Knox, The Beaver City lot was sold for $100, and a new lot in Knox bought for $158, on which the old church was rebuilt at a cost of $2,000. The corner stone was laid, September 1, 1889, and the building rededicated by Rev. H. B. Winton, February 9, 1890. An adjoining lot was bought for $400 in 1892. This church served as a place of wor- ship for more than 25 years, and was then replaced by a good brick church costing $11,000. The corner stone of what may be called their fourth church was laid, September 10, 1916, and Hedieatcdsbyelastom |. Aw boord, june 3. 1917. ssince that-time there has been a steady increase in the strength of the congrega- tion. For a long time Emmanuel Church was connected with Salem, but on August 1, 1918, it united with St. Paul’s to form a parish. This was more than a year in advance of the synodical merger. In this connection mention should be made of a dis- banded congregation, known as St. John’s or Loop Church. It was organized with 16 members, October 14, 1846, and a frame church was dedicated, January 7, 1849, but the congregation never prospered, and the building was sold for $20 in 1903. The pastors of Emmanuel Church were: Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1842- 1845; Rev. J. G. Donmeyer, 1845-1847; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1848-1853; Rev. J. G. Ellinger, 1853-1854; Rev. Nathan Paltz- groff, 1854-1857; Rev. W. B. Bachtell, 1858-1861; Rev. J. QO. Waters, 1861-1862; Rev. J. B. Fox, 1862-1868; Rev. J. F. Diet- terich, 1868-1872; Rev. Peter Gheen, 1872-1873; Rev. C. S. Coates, 1873-1876; Rev. A. C. Felker, 1877-1879; Rev. E. H. Dornblaser, 1879-1881; Rev. J. A. Hartman, 1882-1884; Rev. J. F. Hershiser, 1884-1890; Rev. Shile Miller, 1892-1895; Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger, 1895-1899; Rev. S. E. Smith, 1899-1905; Rev. F. J. Howard, 1906-1908; Rev. A. M. Himes, 1909-1914; Rev. J. A. Boord, 1915-1918; Rev. A. M. Hahn, 1918-1922; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1922-. 476 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD SALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH FROGTOWN, PA. This is one of the older churches of the county, and was known at Hepler’s in pioneer days. Pastor J. G. Young began to hold services in the community as early as 1842, and organ- ized the congregation in 1844. Among the first members were Peter Miller, George Miller, George Smahl, John Weekerly, and Levi Moothart. Ground was donated by the Miller family, on which a union church was dedicated by Pastor G, F. Ehrenfeld of the Lutheran and Pastor Henry Knepper of the Reformed Church, November 2, 1845. Pastor Young served the church in German until 1855, but other pastors of the synod served in English. This dual arrangement continued until 1855, when the synod requested Pastor Young to cease. Their second church was built during a long vacancy. at a cost of $2,769. The corner stone was laid, June 12, 1889, and the church dedicated, Decem- ber 1, 1889. For many years Salem Church was connected with Licking Parish; from 1892 to 1906 it was in the Kellersburg Parish; from 1906 to 1914 it was connected with Clarion; from 1914 to 1919 it was again a part of Licking Parish; since 1924 it has been served by the Red Bank pastor. The pastors were: Rev. J. G. Young (German), 1844-1855; Rev. William Uhl, 1846- 1848; Rev. Jeremiah Fishburn, 1849-1852; Rev. Thomas Steck, 1854-1856; Rev. J. B. Breckenridge, 1856-1859; Rev. A. S. Miller, 1860-1864; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1866-1869; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1869-1870; Rev. W. E. Crebs (second term), 1871- 1873; Rev. David Townsend, 1873-1874; Rev. Wilson Selner, 1875-1881; Rev. FE. A. Best, 1883-1886; Rev. J. E. Zerger, 1887- 1889; Rev. W. M. Hering, 1892-1893; Rev. W. J. Bucher, 1893- 1897; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1897-1900; Rev. C. EF. Berkey, 1900- 1903; Rev. W. B. Claney, 1903-1906; Rev. J. G. Langham, 1906- 1909; Rev. B. R. M. Sheeder, 1910-1914; Rev. E. N. Frey, 1916; Rev. J. A. Howe, 1916-1919; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1924-. MOUNT. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH LICKING TOWNSHIPS CLARION COUNTY; PA. Soon after the year 1800, when this part of the country was yet a vast wilderness, Christopher Over crossed the mountains with his dog and gun and built a log cabin home. After spending two years alone he returned to Franklin County, married Nancy Witmer, and brought his youthful bride of sixteen summers to his new farm. Jacob Witmer accompanied them. ‘The Lu- therans of this community attended St. John’s Church in early days, but in 1843 Pastor G. F. Ehrenfeld began to hold services HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 477 in Mr. Over’s home, and organized Mount Zion Church, May 19, 1846. A union Sunday School was organized by him in 1845. Prominent men in the early history of the church were Joseph Witmer, John Lobaugh, Jacob Hahn, David Reichert, Jacob Over, and Emmanuel Over. The last two were sons of Christo- pher Over. The leader of the singing for many years was Andrew Reese. Two acres of land were donated by Christopher Over to the Reformed and Lutherans for church and burial pur- poses in 1847, but the deed was not dated until January 25, 1847, when the congregation was incorporated. ‘The corner stone was laid, May 20, 1847, and the building dedicated by Pastor William Uhl, December 12, 1847. The two congregations worshipped together until 1883, when the Reformed sold their interest to the Lutherans and built a church on adjacent ground. In 1910 the Reformed Church disbanded, and the remaining 19 members united with the Lutherans. Pastor Uhl was an enthusiast for re- vivals, and a “big meeting” was held in Mount Zion every winter during his pastorate. A list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1846; Rev. William Uhl, 1846-1848; Rev. Jere- miah Fishburn, 1849-1852; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1852-1853; Rev. Thomas Steck, 1854-1856; Rev. J. B. Breckenridge, 1856-1859; Rev. A. S. Miller, 1860-1864; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1866-1869; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1869-1870; Rev. J. W. Reese, 1871-1872; Rev. D. W. Leitzell, 1873-1882; Rev. J. K. Bricker, 1883-1884; Rev. J. L. Metzgar, 1885-1891; Rev. B. E. Shaner, 1891-1897; Rev. S. A. Zimbeck, 1898-1901; Rev. J. C. McGaughey, 1902-1900; Rev. A. M. Himes, 1907-1909; Rev. P. J. Shriver, 1910-1912; Rev. W. D. Nicoll, 1912-1914; Rev. J. A. Howe, 1914-1919; Rev. H. A. Seel, 1921-1922; Rev. William Weicksel (supply), 1922-1923; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1925-. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PORTER TOWNSHIP, CLARION COUNTY, PA. This church, sometimes called Squirrel Hill or Smithland, was organized in the midst of a revival by Rev. William Uhl with 25 members, December 23, 1846. The first communion service was held, December 28, 1846, when 40 persons received the sacrament. The following family names are found on this communion record: Ashbaugh, Armagost, Barnett, Conker, Delp, Derhammer, Hepler, Hillen, Mohney, Painter, Polyard, Bish, Brandt, Foringer, Fox, Ghunten, Heller, Pence, and Yule. The title page of the church record is inscribed: “The Church Record of the Evangelical Lutheran Church at Smithland, called St. James Church”. The first constitution was prepared by Pastor Uhl, and contains lengthy rules of discipline, thoroughly char- 478 HISTORY*OF TH ERED BURGHISYNOD acteristic of the author. Their first church was a plain frame structure, 30x40, which was dedicated by Pastor Uhl, March 21, 1848. Repairs were made in 1887 and 1910 at a total cost of $2,000. The pastors were: Rev. William Uhl, 1846-1848; Rev. J. A. Nuner, 1849-1851; Rev. Thomas Steck, 1851-1856; Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1858-1863; Rev. A. S. Miller, 1863-18064; Rev. Henry Gathers, 1864-1868; Supplies, 1868-1871; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1871-1873; Rev. David Townsend, 1874-1876; Rev. Wilson Selner, 1876-1881; Rev. E. A. Best, 1883-1886; Rev. J. FE. Zerger, 1887-1889; Rev. W. M. Hering, 1892-1893; Rev. W. J. Bucher, 1893-1897; Rev. F. J. Matter, 1897-1900; Rev. C: E- Berkey, 1900-1903; Rev. W. B. Claney, 1903-1907; Rev. H. C. Salem, 1907-1909; Rev. W. E .Sunday, 1911-1915; Rev. E. N. Fry;t1915-1917; Rev: Ce L,Quinn,1917-1919-; (Revs He Ameseer 1921-1922; Rev. William Weicksel (supply), 1922-1923. AMITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHORCE WASHINGPON: TOWNSHIP, CLARIONSGOUN TieSEze This congregation was founded in the midst of a revival by Pastor S$. D. Witt, January 2, 1846. The majority of the original 46 members came from other Protestant denominations. No constitution was adopted until May 12, 1879. The corner stone of their first church was laid, June 21, 1846, and the building dedicated, April 6, 1849. A second church was dedicated by Pastor J..K. Bricker, December 7, 1879. The church is. called Walter’s in the early synodical records. It was served by pastors of the Fryburg Parish until 1923, when it was made a preaching point of the Shippenville Parish. MT. CALVARY. -EVANGELIGAL (LU LHERANS CO URGi DUA CESELHMY Der ae Soon after Rev. William Uhl became pastor of Licking Parish, he began to hold protracted meetings in a school house in this community, which resulted in the organization of a church of 41 members in 1848. His successor was Rev. Joseph Welker, who dedicated a frame church in 1852. The two-acre church lot was secured from Robert Stewart, part by donation. The church officers at the time of dedication were Peter Fair, Peter Lash, Nathanael Coulter, and Jacob Gates. Their church was thor- oughly renovated and refurnished in 1879, and a service of re- dedication was held January 1, 1882. New chancel furniture was bought in 1893, and the church tower erected in 1894. The congregation was served by the pastors of Licking Parish until HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 479 1916, when it was separated on complaint being made to the synod by the other churches. Since that time it has had no min- isters except occasional supplies. ‘The membership of the con- gregation is small, and its isolated position has made it difficult LO=SenVe. SVR Seb VeYNGE ICAL SOU tT HWRANSCHURCH KO>SUTEEPAY Among the earliest settlers of Ashland Township © was George Berlin, who was born in York County in 1782, and came to this community in 1810. Other German settlers who came soon after George Berlin, were Henry Mang, ‘ = € Oh Henry Nehlig, Henry 1 a YEE : l eythane and Joseph > Se Oe | 2 Kutcher. These Luther- Zi AICI AICI ans attended church in Gs Cuz Shippenville, but their " ia pastors held occasional ae services for them at the a Schively school house. A congregation of 34 mem- bers was organized here Dymbastor so. hi Witt; September 24, 1848. While this is the record of the Pittsburgh Synod, it seems that their consti- tution was adopted and signed by 40 persons, March 11, 1848, and the earlier is probably the placed by another in 1881, erected on the same site at a cost of $4,100. It was dedicated by Pastor J. M. Wonders, April 30, 1882. After being renovated and refurnished at a cost of $2,600, it was rededicated by Pastor Charles Lambert, December 3, 1913. The register of pastors follows: Rev. S. D. Witt, 1848-1851; Rev. J. G. Ellinger, 1853-1854; Rev. Nathan Paltzgroff, 1854- 1857; Rev. W. B. Bachtell, 1858-1861; Rev. J. Q. Waters, 1861- 1862; Rev. J. B. Fox, 1862-1868; Rev. J. F. Dietterich, 1868- 1872; Rev. Peter Gheen, 1872-1873; Rev. C. S. Coates, 1873- 1876; Rev. A. C. Felker, 1877-1878; Rev. J. M. Wonders, 1878- 480 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1888; Rev. J. M. Rice, 1888-1890; Rev. H. F. Long, 1890-1896 ; Rev. J. C. Fasold, 1896-1898 ;Rev. A. J. B. Kast, 1899-1902; Rev. J.. H. Keller, 1902-1905; Rev. T. A. Himes, 1905-1908; Rev. Charles Lambert, 1909-1914; Rev. R. R. Richard, 1915- 1918; Rev. L. H. Rehmeyer, 1919-1923; Rev. C. L. Ritter, 1924-. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH CLARION, PA. The town of Clarion was laid out in 1840, but the German settlers. in the county seemed to prefer their farms to the town. Occasionally a Lutheran family would move to town, but never in such numbers as to warrant the organization of a church. In this manner many excellent people were lost to the Lutheran Church. A few families remained loyal for seventeen years, hoping for a time when they could have a church of their own faith; and their hopes were realized, March 9, 1890, when Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized with 27 members. Pastors W. W. Kribbs, John G. Goettman,;H> B. Winton}. Jay Metzgar, and J. M. Rice were present at the organization. The first place of meeting was Frampton’s Opera House; then the old Methodist Church was rented and fitted up for services. This church was bought for $1,200 in 1892, and remodelled in the summer of 1894. It was rededicated by Pastor H. E. Wieand, October 21, 1894. The congregation was incorporated, February ©2045-1893) qa Dien omnis pastorate, of Rey: Ji4G Langham, 1906-1909, a two manual pipe organ was installed. During pastorate of Rev. Joseph Arnold, 1915-1919, the basement was completed and equipped for Sunday School purposes, and electric light and steam heat were installed, at a total. cost of $2,600? vA service of rededication was conducted by the missionary superintend- ent, June 6;/1917) ~ the parsonage was_ bought and equipped with mod- ern conveniences in 1923 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 481 at a cost of $4,700. The growth of Grace Church has never been rapid, and it has frequently been annoyed by the proselyt- ing methods of others. It has been a mission parish from the time of its organization, with the exception of the period, 1910- 1914. The regular pastors were: Rev. W. E. Main, 1891-1892 ; Rev. H. E. Wieand, 1892-1896; Rev. W. J. Bucher, 1897-1898 ; Rev. H. E. Zimmerman, 1899-1900; Rev..B. W. Ziegler, 1901- 1904; Rev. J. G. Langham, 1906-1909; Rev. B. R. M. Sheeder, 1910-1915; Rev. Joseph Arnold, 1915-1919; Rev. W. R. Brenne- man, 1920-1922; Rev. H. G. Stuempfle, 1922-. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH NEW BETHLEHEM, PA. This town is the natural business center of a large section of the Red Bank region. Lutherans have lived in the community for many years, but the first services were not begun until 1904. Rev. W. Blair Claney was the first pastor, whose services met with such encouragement that he organized a congregation of 15 members, December 18, 1904. Pastor Claney and his successors attempted to serve this church in connection with three rural churches, all of which demanded morning services, and the result was that the young mission could not prosper. A lot was pur- chased for $1,000, and a building fund of $2,000 accumulated, but the people were slow to undertake the erection of a church. Sometimes pastors would report everything: in readiness, only to report unwillingness a month later. In 1920 the church was placed in another parish with Shannondale and Ohl, but this did not help much. Student G. L. Ulrich spent the summer of 1922 in the town, and demonstrated the fact that an interesting con- gregation could be developed with regular morning services, but this has never been tried. Only 26 members were reported in 1924. The pastors were: Rev. W. B. Claney, 1904-1907; Rev. H. C. Salem, 1907-1909; Rev. W. E. Sunday, 1911-1915; Rev. HaNAr ry, 1915- 1917; Rev. C. L. Quinn, 1917-1919; Rev. VMAS Boord, 1920-1921 ; Supplies, SVAN ROW ARS it Bea BY Miller, 1923-) ra. i? ‘ , a i ‘ ‘ west 7 i 4 ; 4 | , eh ‘ i | i a as | ’ i : «i Frag ee Las ¥ 4 oe can a ale We ; > ete. wy A ms wen) mio a ‘vane f ' q Wes iG A ey. “at, RY a, 0 ee 20 ee : ne c aa ? cae iy aioe y M4, aL au aA < ; | at) ‘ar ith dh aytaniea abate): i iyteeey Hej. wee Eg ieee ont reiag f Seatiael setae 3 a3; oa Utne Co "4 igh f + DBE: f ohiseh A Nt ee REL LORE raat jal ay, S80, MAB Lh 19 aah Pan Ee es j a shee he ioe ie Asi gre ih 5 ae ay VEO ere: ' not Tie 2 Ke ny, a Le ie ae (ean pines Os (sae 4 aay wh st Sasi oe PRED Fee % a i ad tie eee cheat 3 , BAa\. wat ui soa a Pech ee a : : in SPELLS op hes a Cpe a Ate ta air ees 3 2 +o" a ie % a Au} fe : nade | pe ftre ay ’ * ‘ a ‘ -_ a , = hel sbi Vs Beast cd La ‘eerie ~ ‘ ; is * F 6 é “43 ae . es Ez he { ; f%, % Lint | ba ; ae : ats Bey vs ~PEy ; we : (5: asf at ea ea tb * r f ; boy pode RE ES ae ds es F ep : nia eh. . aE r 7 t pwerg + f a fae PiggKe ee rire Bohs itt ia | -* 4 - Pure - Ad x : 4 ‘ My fy fy { ‘ Maat d } sah Ei ia | pS Auten SE oD 5 oo ea) * rt an ie te CERT e + ii: : : aa ae | ‘ ot b ca | ‘ re “ ‘ o>? 76 a . é so ARO Oey Leto ny > YE Tr ies te tak Boece ae ps ie: {ie s “ a pe ¢ or ue : de ie Eh 9 oe nae eae ae . e es) Rabin Lichsr he ness beh we ee Pig ter es hore UNS 2h ia Be Rs eee rate anna ERE “tas My rhe : Pee i SRE i Pe Se 5 ips i ; ee EL ae 7 Lee, . ip rd mt Dis pe a hae! et ee 7 ae ~ ' call x oo S ihe ptabear ee | it SOROS § peti . ; a 4 ; ; Po ; Sh :. Ji oye PU Ge ar saat Ta eat 4 te. : + ny z y J d hare mah) i ‘ y 1 Ye 7 ; ' im ne CHAPTER XIV CHURCHES OF ERIE COUNTY 1808-1924 “He brought them unto their desired haven’. EASRIE County was erected, March 12, 1800, but not | organized for judicial purposes until April 2, 1803. During the intervening three years, Meadville was the seat of justice for a large territory. The first settlers of the county came from New York and New England. Among the few Pennsylvanians was a small group of Germans, who settled on the ridge lands and became the founders of the Lutheran Church of Erie. From 1798 to 1805 the following German families settled in this region: Aichnee, Braun, Ebersole, Riblet, Lauffer, Spang, Creuter, Gasser, Stauch, Mosier, Zook, Loop, and Zimmerman. So far as we have any knowledge, the first pastor to minister to them was Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt of Venango, and he was probably the man who opened the baptismal register of St. John’s in 1808. While the Presbyterians were first to establish churches in the county, St. John’s Lutheran Church was the first estab- lished in Erie. The records of St. John’s are continuous from August 18, 1808. The next oldest Lutheran churches of the county were Walnut Creek and East Greene, the first named being organized by Pastor C. F. Stohlman in 1836. In the year of the Pittsburgh Synod merger, 1919, there were 18 Lutheran churches in Erie County, distributed as follows: WETer ARG OUINICH @ Uhee el stein, cee meen Aue nl acc Wty ht 14 churches, 4077 members PRES TST Ati a VTC or ee eciinte nes ee eee oe eer 2 churches, 405 members MASSOULEMAVIIOU Weer toot ahaa ee TARE Ae) 2 churches, 635 members Tati sh mo UOM) bo yTlOds.co aie eh cette bets bane 1 church, 36 members At) wee ee Naeger ge tet Reo 19 churches, 5153 members SONS EE VANGERICAL ALU TOR RAN ICHURCH PR LED Ag St. John’s Church, oldest and strongest among the Protestant organizations of Erie, dates her birth, August 18-19, 1808, when twenty children and one mother were baptized by an unknown visiting minister. They were the children of Adam Lauffer, Heinrich Aichnee, Martin Stauch, Michael Riblet, Adam Gasser, 484 HISTORY(OR SDH EVEL ET SBURGHISYNOD Conrad Braun, Wilhelm Creuter, George Creuter, and Jacob Spang, Pennsylvania Germans from Berks, Lancaster and Dauphin counties, who settled along the lake shore between 1798 and 1805. There were at least fifteen German families living here prior to the time of the opening of St. John’s Church Book. It is possible that Rev. John M. Steck of Greensburg may have visited them in the summer of 1805, when he made a missionary visit to the Mahoning and French Creek valleys, but of this there is no certain record. The first pastor, of whose presence we can be certain, was Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt of Venango, who settled in Crawford County in 1803, and preached occasionally for the Germans of Erie until 1811, when he was silenced by a communication from the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. It is quite probable that he was the pastor who administered the sacra- ment of baptism in 1808. As early as 1805 the Lutherans of Erie and Crawford counties urged the Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania to send them a pastor, but no one was sent until 1811, when Rev. Wilhelm Heinrich Scriba spent three months in north- western Pennsylvania, and reported that he had baptized 137 children and administered the holy communion to 30 persons. The next of these “travelling preachers” was Rev. Peter Rupert, who spent the summer of 1814 in the region, made Meadville his headquarters, travelled 1142 miles, preached 38 sermons, bap- tized 197 children, and gave the sacrament to 117 communicants. Whatever else may have been lacking in the cabin homes of the German pioneers, there was always an abundance of children, as the early records of all their churches prove. While the greater part of the early settlers of Erie came from New York and New England, this little group of Pennsylvania Germans made a dis- tinct contribution to its history, of which none of their descend- ants needs be ashamed. There was not a German home however humble in which there was not a copy of Luther’s Bible, and their simple faith and unassuming piety furnished a healthy ex- ample to all their New England neighbors. When Pastor Rupert returned to the east in 1814, he was urged by the people to re- main with them as their pastor, but this he could not see his way clear to do. The Ministerium then commissioned Rev. Carl Wilhelm Colsen, a man of sterling virtues, who came to Mead- ville in the summer of 1815. His missionary spirit was intense, driving him far out along the lake shore into northwestern Ohio with his gospel message, but his weak body was not equal to the task, and he succumbed to pneumonia at Meadville, December 29, 1816. He was the first pastor to subscribe his name on the St. John’s Church Book, and the first to record a communion service, September 24, 1815. Only eight persons received the sacrament at that time, but this number was soon increased. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 485 During the years, 1815-1820, the names of the following com- municants are recorded: Braun, Conrad Lang Sara Stauch,’ Maria Braun, Mrs. Katharina Lang, Neufia Stauch, Sara Braun, Anna Maria Mehlig, Johann Stauch, Nicolaus Braun, Maria Mehlig, Mrs. Katharina Stauch, Peter Braun, Susanna Riblet, Johannes, Sr. Stauch, Maria (2) Braun, Mrs. Barbara Riblet, Michael Wagner, Abraham Ebersole, Katharina Riblet, Mrs. Elizabeth Wagener, Maria Heimbach, Conrad Schlater, Johann Wagner, Mrs. Susanna Heimbach, Mrs. Maria Stauch, Johann Zimmerman, Johann Lang, Jacob Stauch, Barbara Zimmerman, Mrs. Kath. In the record of November 28, 1819, three of the com- municants are listed as Reformed, but no pastor of that Church ever served in St. John’s. The successor of Pastor Colsen was Rev. John Friedrich Christian Heyer, who was sent out by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1817, and remained in the field until the following year. He is said to have fixed up a study in a room over the springhouse of George Peiffer near Saegertown, and to have spent much of his spare time in playing his flute. Here in his springhouse apartment he conceived the idea of ask- ing each one of the German women of the parish to make a monthly donation of the price of a pound of butter in order to buy a parish farm. Since there were one hundred butter makers in this parish at the time, it is likely that his plan would have succeeded, but he left the field too soon to put it into effect. Father Heyer’s plans rarely failed. Rev. Peter Rupert returned to the parish in 1819, and probably remained until 1823, although it is difficult to determine the date of his resignation from the records. This pastor confirmed the first class of catechumens in St. John’s, November 26, 1820. The members of this class were: Nicolaus Stauch, Peter Stauch, Jacob Lang, Sara Lang, Neufia Lang, and Maria Stauch. From 1823 to 1825 there is a break in the record of pastors, but it is likely that Rev. Philip Meyerhoeffer of Venango gave them occasional services. On September 4, 1825, Rev. John Karl Rebenach notified the presi- dent of the West Pennsylvania Synod that he had accepted a call to Erie, but his pastorate evidently closed in the following spring. Pastor Rebenach holds the distinction, however, of being the first resident pastor of St. John’s. In the summer of 1826 Rev. Nicholas Gaugler Scharretts of the same synod paid them a short missionary visit. The congregation was then vacant until 1829, when Rev. Wilhelm Schulze moved his family from Gettys- burg to Erie, and served until 1830. In 1831 Rev. Daniel Heilig notified the president of the West Pennsylvania Synod that he had accepted a call to Erie, and also that the congregation was building a parsonage for him. This pastorate continued until 1834, but the pastor made no reports to his synod. A new era in the history of St. John’s dawned on New Year’s Day of 1835, when a new constitution was adopted and signed by one hundred . dma AO AWOH S.ATdOad ATO HistOokyY OF sbi by PLieCSBuRGH SYNOD 487 members. This evident increase of strength was due to a new immigration from the Fatherland, and not to the natural develop- ment of the original Pennsylvania German congregation. It is generally believed that the name St. John’s was used for the first time in the constitution of 1835. A call was then extended to Rev. Carl Frederick Stohlmann, a young German pastor of the Ohio Synod, who served the congregation until October 28, 1838. During this pastorate there was a notable development in St. John’s. A plot of five acres, comprising an entire city block on Peach street, between 22nd and 23rd, was given to the church by Conrad Braun Sr. Part of this ground was used for a while for burial purposes, and a cemetery plot is still kept intact by the congregation. Pastor Stohlmann was a genuine missionary, and extended his labors to Walnut Creek, and even as far as Drake’s Mills in Crawford County. When everything seemed propitious for a great forward movement in St. John’s, he was persuaded to resign to take up an important parish in New York. His suc- cessor was an Ohio Synod pastor of the old Pennsylvania Ger- man stock, Rev. Michael Kuchler, who served from 1839 to ~ November 17, 1845. ‘The outstanding achievement of this pas- torate was the dedication of the first church, August 8, 1842, when Pastor Kuchler was assisted by Pastors Guenther and Rathbun. This means that there was an English as well as a German dedicatory address, since Pastor Rathbun could officiate only in English. The church was a plain frame structure, cost- ing but a few thousand dollars, but it was a great joy to the congregation, which had worshipped in a school house for thirty- four years. Pastor Kuchler also organized the Sunday School, which has preserved unbroken records to the present day. The largest communion of his pastorate was attended by 155 persons. His successor was Rev. Friedrich Philip Feysel of Ejinbeck, Hanover, who was ordained by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, June 10, 1846, and served St. John’s until August 13, 1848. The use of an organ and choir are mentioned for the first time dur- ing his pastorate. The next pastor was Rev. C. G. Stuebgen of _ the Ohio Synod, during whose term of service large classes were confirmed, and the number of communicants increased to more than three hundred. The church was incorporated, May 6, 1850. Pastor Stuebgen was followed by Pastor F. W. Weis- kotten, who remained but one year because of trouble in the con- gregation. His successor was a pastor of the Maryland Synod, Rev. C. A. Brockmann, who transferred his membership to the Pittsburgh Synod. At the time of his reception into the latter body a letter from the congregation was read, in which it was stated that they had suffered much as an independent church, but hoped for better things under the new order. The cemetery 488 HISLOR YOR SDE Eye Leb UK Gite oy NOW of St. John’s, after being much enlarged, was dedicated by Pastor Brockmann, June 3, 1859. During the pastorate of his successor, Rev. Jacob Blass, the congregation passed through an- other trying experience. The people of the old Pennsylvania stock became dissatisfied, and withdrew to form Luther Mem- orial Church, August 15, 1861. Only a few of the original fam- ilies remained with the Mother Church; and from this time the membership consisted largely of European Germans and their descendants. Notwithstanding this great loss St. John’s con- tinued to grow in numbers so rapidly that it became necessary to build a larger church. The corner stone was laid on Ascension Day, 1861, and the completed building dedicated, September 14, 1862, Pastor Blass being assisted by Pastors Bochert, Runck, and Stempel. It was built of brick, 50x80, at an approximate cost of $10,000. The pipe organ cost $3,800. This pastorate extended from September 4, 1859, to September 8, 1863. The next three pastors were Rev. Wilhelm Schaeffer, 1863-1866; Rev. G. Beck, 1866; and Rev. C. F. Boehner, 1867-1872. During this period the church passed through more and greater trials, the last pas- torate being marked by schism. Then came the dawn of the “Benze Era”, which has brought blessings immeasurable to the congregation. Rev. Adolph Leopold Benze, a successful Pitts- burgh Synod pastor at Warren, Pa., was given a call, and began his pastorate, April 16, 1872. From Easter Sunday of 1872, when he preached his introductory sermon, down to the day of his death, January 18, 1891, the favor of the Lord was signally manifest. The schismatic congregation quickly dissolved and the people were once more united. Under the new pastor’s strong leadership grace and peace ruled in St. John’s, and the congrega- tion passed beyond the period of its early and later struggles into the full possession of a great heritage. As soon as the debt on the church of 1862 was paid, plans were made for its enlarge- ment. These plans called for a complete remodelling, with the construction of three large towers on the front, and were carried out at an expense of $23,000. The building committee consisted of Pastor A. L. Benze, Adam Meyer, Christopher Bloeser, Henry Herbst, and Edward Bauschardt. A new corner stone was laid, June 15, 1884, and the church dedicated, May 3, 1885. Pastor Philip Doerr preached the dedicatory sermon in German, and Pastor I. O. Baker in English. During his pastorate of almost nineteen years Pastor A. L. Benze confirmed 1090, solemnized 625 weddings, and conducted 1127 funerals. A beautiful bronze tablet on the east wall of St. John’s bears silent testimony to his great work in this parish. At the time of his death the hearts of the people seemed to turn with one accord to his son, Rev. Gus- tave A. Benze, and he became his father’s successor, February Hip ton yao THE PULTSBURGH ey NGL 489 18, 1891. The Benze policies were continued without a break, and St. John’s moved steadily forward on her great mission. Sunday Schools were established in other sections of the city, which developed into churches and blessed the mother congrega- tion for the help received. The Rev. C. Theodore Benze served as an associate pastor, 1898-1906, giving his chief attention to the work of St. Stephen’s. The Lutheran Home for the Aged, lo- cated on St. John’s ground, was started on its mission of mercy, March 1, 1906, and now shelters a family of more than thirty. All the Lutheran churches of the city cooperate in this work. About the year 1894, the growing Sunday School began to de- mand room for expansion; and the congregation finally decided to enlarge the church in such a manner as to provide a larger place for worship as well as larger quarters for the school. This great improvement was carried out successfully at a cost of $32,326, and the remodelled church was dedicated by Pastor G. A. Benze, May 9, 1897, when more than 2,000 people were seated in the building. During the same year the General Council held its convention in St. John’s, and the inspiration of the meeting was such that the congregation decided to surrender its inde- pendence and unite with the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The influence of St. John’s in this city cannot be measured. The confirmed membership is about 1600, but the pastor is said to minister to at least 5000 souls. The Chief Service of St. John’s is conducted in German as well as in English every Sunday morning, but _ Vespers are always conducted in English. There is a German and an English Sunday School, both of which hold their sessions on Sunday morning. The Women’s Society was organized in 1878, the Young People’s Society in 1879, and the Choir in 1850. All other societies have been established during the pastorate of Rey. G. A. Benze. The pastorates are listed as follows: Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt (supply), 1808-1811; Rev. W. H. Scriba (supply), 1811; Rev. Peter Rupert (supply), 1814; Rev. C. W. Colseipeloalo-1olo; Rev. |, Cele Heyer, 1817-1818 Rev, Peter Rupert, 1819-1823; Rev. Philip Meyerhoeffer (supply), 1823- 1825; Rev. J. K. Rebenach, 1825-1826; Rev. N. G. Scharretts (supply), 1826; Rev. Wilhelm Schulze,. 1829-1830; Rev. Daniel Heilig, 1831-1834; Rev. C. F. E. Stohlmann, 1835-1838; Rev. Michael Kuchler, 1839-1845; Rev. F. P. Feysel, 1846-1848; Rev. C. G. Stuebgen, 1848-1853; Rev. F. W. Weiskotten, 1853- 1854; Rev. C. A. Brockmann, 1855-1859; Rev. Jacob Blass, 1859-1863; Rev. Wilhelm Schaeffer, 1863-1866; Rev. G. Beck, 1866; Rev. C. F. Boehner, 1867-1872; Rev. A. L. Benze, 1872- 1891; Rev. G. A. Benze, D.D., 1891- “Rev. Cel. Benze, D.D., (associate pastor), 1898-1906. 490) HISTORY.OF TPHEePITTSBURGH SYNOD ST. PETER’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH MILI, CREEK, PA. Between the years 1828 and 1834 a number of Pennsylvania Germans took up lands in Walnut Creek Valley. For several years they journeyed to Erie to receive the sacraments of the Church, and then in 1836 were organized into a congregation by Rev. Carl F. E. Stohlmann. As such they were made a part of Erie Parish. The piace of meeting was not satisfactory to the Mill Creek people, however, and they were reorganized as St. Peter’s Evangelical Lutheran Church by Pastor Michael Kuchler, February 1, 1848. The first services of the new organization were held in a school house, near the forks of the road west of the present church, but the people were ready and anxious to secure a church home of their own. Genuine devotion was dis- played in building. The land was donated by Solomon Weigel, and, for this reason, the congregation was frequently called by his name. Among those who donated timber for the building were Solomon Weigel, Peter Ruff, Jacob Reichert, John Gergun Jr., Peter Roth, Gottfried Buhl, Joseph Reichert, Jacob Rebbert, John Mining, John Jackson, and John Schlebach. Peter Rhodes donated material, and helped John Schlebach with the carpenter work. This church, though built of frame, was set on such a solid foundation that it has served the congregation as a place of worship to the present day. It was given a thorough renovation during the pastorate of Rev. G. H. Schoemperlen, and rededi- cated by him, April 25, 1875. The first Church Council consisted of Peter Roth, Solomon Weigel, and Jacob Hassler; the second of John Schlebach, John Bernritter, and.Samuel Weigel; the third of John Bernritter, Samuel Weigel, and John Bergen. Pastor Kuchler served a parish of three churches and rarely missed appointments. From 1850 to 1851 he was absent from the parish because of ill health, and Rev. C. G. Stuebgen of Erie supplied St. Peter’s during his absence. In 1859 the Pittsburgh Synod decided to establish the Lake Shore Mission, the same to consist of Mill Creek, Fairview, and a mission to be organized in Erie; but the usual difficulty was experienced in securing a capable mssionary, and the Erie Mission was not organized until August 15, 1861. The first pastor of the Lake Shore Mission was Rev. J. H. W. Stuckenberg, who served from 1861 to 1865, with an intermission of thirteen months, during which he served as an army chaplain. His successor was Rev. C. F. Boehner, who served Mill Creek and Fairview from 1865 to 1867, organ- izing St. John’s Church of Girard, May 13, 1866, and adding it to the parish. During the same time he did pioneer missionary work at Corry, Drake’s Mills, and Ashtabula, under the direction of the missionary superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 491 After his resignation, September 1, 1867, Rev. Herman Eggers was called. His pastorate continued from 1868 to 1870, during which English services were introduced and the parish became self-sustaining. This pastor also organized the first Sunday School of the congregation, but the language question led to its dissolution. ‘The present Sunday School organization was not effected until 1911. The next three pastors were Rev. W. F. peegerhey. G. HH. ischoeémperlen, and Rey. J.A. J. Zahn, the last rendering exceptional service, and building up a congregation of 163 members. When he resigned, March 6, 1882, great diffi- culty was experienced in securing a successor, so that the con- gregation remained vacant 14 years. Rev. EK. J. Meissner began to supply them in 1895, but found little more than a remnant of the congregation of former days. Careful catechization by this pastor created new hope, and he was permitted to minister to a growing congregation from October 25, 1896, to December 16, 1906. Under his leadership the church recovered a measure of her former strength, although a number of good families were lost when Trinity Church of McKean was organized in 1897. The next pastor was Rev. R. E. McDaniel, Ph.D., who served from 1907 to 1910. Then followed another vacancy of four years... Rev. M. R. Kunkelman supplied the congregation from November 1, 1914, to April 1, 1915, and then served as the regular pastor until August 11, 1918. At that time there was another rearrangement of parish lines, and Mill Creek, McKean, and Franklin Center united to form the Erie County Parish. This parish had two pastors, Rev. John A. L. Mensch and Rev. Franklin W. Boyer, who made their homes in McKean. In 1925 Drakes Mills was again added to the parish. The following pastors have served here: Rev. C. F. E. Stohl- mann, 1836-1838; Rev. Michael Kuchler, 1839-1850; Rev. C. G. Stuebgen, 1850-1851; Rev. Michael Kuchler (second term), 1851-1858; Rev. J. W. Semler (supply), 1859; Rev. J. H. W. Stuckenberg, 1861-1865; Rev. C. F. Boehner, 1865-1867; Rev. Herman Eggers, 1868-1870; Rev. W. F. Seeger, 1870-1873; Rev. G. H. Schoemperlen, 1873-1876; Rev. J. A. J. Zahn, 1876- 1882; Vacant, 1882-1895; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1895-1906; Rev. R. E. McDaniel, Ph.D., 1907-1910; Supplies, 1910-1914; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1914-1918; Rev. J. A. L. Mensch, 1918-1919; Rev. J. A. Beighey (supply), 1919-1920; Rev. F. W. Boyer, 1920- 1925; Rev. J. W. Dean, 1925-. LUTHER MEMORIAL EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH |S sod BY The organization of the “First English Evangelical Luther- an Church” of Erie was brought about by the withdrawal of 492 HISTORY-OF eTHEPIETS BURGH sr NOD a number of families from St. John’s Church. '!“All that those who left the mother church would say in defense of their action in going out was the need of an English Lutheran Church, in order that their families might enjoy a united church relation, because their children were receiving an English education and were in danger of drifting into any other church but their own.” They were largely the descendants of the Pennsylvania German farmers, who settled in the vicinity of Erie at the beginning of the nineteenth century. In order to provide for their spiritual wants, the Pittsburgh Synod established the Lake Shore Mission, with the understanding that the missionary should give the greater part of his time in founding an English Church in Erie. At that time Erie was a city of 15,000 people, and regarded by Doctor W. A. Passavant as one of the most important mission fields of the synod. The young missionary whom he selected for this task was Rev. John Henry Wilbrandt Stuckenberg, who threw all the energy of his youth into the work, and, after a few weeks of service in an old frame school house on Federal Hill, organized a congregation, August 15, 1861, with the folowing members : Ruess, Frederick Ruess, Mrs. Caroline Brown, Samuel M. Fickinger, Mrs. Sarah Brown, Samuel C. i Geist, Daniel Brown, Christian Brown, John T. Brown, Mrs. Eva Geist, Mrs. Elizabeth Gingrich, Henry Gingrich, Mrs. Mary Siechrist, Frank Siechrist, Mrs. Helen Weigel, Charles Brown, Mrs. Sarah Ann Brown, Mrs. Lou F. Brown, Sarah C. Burger, Mrs. Eleanor Gingrich, Mrs. Margaret Wolf, Jacob Keefer, Samuel Wolf, Cyrus, Sr. Keefer, Mrs. M. C. Wolf, Cyrus, Jr. Koehler, John W. Wolf, Mrs. Lydia A. Koehler, Mrs. Catherine Wolf, Mrs. Catherine Kuchler, Mrs. Catherine Wolf, Mrs. Mary Kuchler, Mrs. L. H. Weaver, Mrs. Ross McCrea, Mrs. Helen M. Werther, Henry Mosher, Isaac Farver, John B Farver, Daniel Farver, Mrs. Catherine Fickinger, Tobias Fickinger, John B. Samuel Brown and Henry Gingrich were the first elders; Henry Werther and John T. Brown the first deacons. The greater part of the members lived in the country, and their hos- pitality was a constant delight to the pastors. At the time of the organization the country was in the throes of civil war, and the young pastor enlisted in the service as chaplain of the 145th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, September 1, 1862, and did not return to his parish until October 13, 1863. During his absence one of the members of the congregation officiated as lay-leader, but the services were not well attended. As soon as the pastor returned, the members quickly rallied to his call and built a modest frame chapel. The lot on which this chapel was built was secured in the spring of 1862 at a cost of $1200. It was dedicated on Holy Thursday, 1864, when Pastor Stuck- enberg was assisted by Doctor W. A. Passavant. At that time there were seventy communing members in the congregation. 1—History of Luther Memorial Church, Erie, 1861-1911. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 493 When Pastor Stuckenberg resigned, May 28, 1865, a movement was started to divide the Lake Shore Mission, so that the Erie Church might have all the time of a pastor, and this was suc- cessful. The next pastor, Rev. Jacob Lawson Smith, preached his first sermon for the congregation, November 5, 1865, and was heartily received. The congregation was chartered as the “First English Lutheran Church of Erie”, August 11, 1866. Like his predecessor, Pastor Smith was a young man, who made this his first parish and gave it all the consecrated powers of his youth. He was a strong catechist and an indefatigable pastor, drawing many new members into the congregation and indoc- trinating them in the faith of the Church. Within one year the congregation assumed self-support, and the missionary received much official praise in the minutes of this synod. For several years he was chairman of the Benevolence Committee of Erie, rendering a service that endeared him greatly to the poorer classes. It was he who gathered a number of boys and girls from the street, and organized them into a union mission school that developed into the Chestnut Street Presbyterian Church. When he preached his closing sermon, April 23, 1871, he left a congregation of 142 members, each one of whom deeply re- gretted his departure. His successor was Rev. Johnson R. Groff, whose pastorate extended from January 1, 1872, to August 30, 1874. This was a period of financial panic that brought ruin to many business men and made church work exceedingly diffi- cult. Pastor Groff had a fine voice and taught the congregation to use the full liturgical service of the Church, causing not a little opposition on the part of some of the members, but doing a work for which later generations are thankful. He is said to have built the first altar of this church with his own hands. In spite of the losses caused by the introduction of the liturgy, he was able to leave the congregation stronger in numbers than he found it. The fourth pastor was Rev. Herman Henry Bruning, who labored in an unassuming way from November 1, 1874, to May 1, 1880, and greatly endeared himself to the people. His successor was Rev. Isaac Oliver Baker, who served the church for more than 24 years, June 1, 1881, to October 1, 1905. The value of the long pastorate is seen in the fact that Pastor Baker was here at least five years (the length of the average pastorate) before the congregation settled down to that steady work, under which it developed into one of the strongest churches of the synod. For the first few years there were the usual evidences of fluctuating strength; then a steady forward movement began, increasing in force with the years, until a congregation of 700 members was established. At the beginning of this long pastorate the old frame chapel was torn down and a stately brick church erected on the same site. 494 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 2“Tt was an heroic effort on the part of the pastor and people to erect such a costly structure in those days, under such peculiar, trying and difficult circumstances, as the faithful mem- bers who are still living will testify. Young men, with large families depending on them, gave willingly large sums of money. Others spent their evenings doing carpenter work on the building while in the process of erection. The total cost of this structure, when completed and furnished, was $30,000. The last service was held in the old church on March 16, 1884. On June 1, the corner stone of the new edifice was laid. Prof. H. W. Roth, D. D., delivered the sermon on this occasion. ‘The pulpit of the new church was given by Rev. Baker, in addition to his liberal subscription, and the altar was a gift from Jacob Berst. The reading desk was presented by Mrs. Louisa Brown. The first service was held in the new building on Christmas Day, on the occasion of the festivities of the Sunday School. The first regular service was held on the first Sunday of Janu- ary, 1885. On June 5,°1887)"the church, was ‘dedicateds At the same time it received its present name, the date of erection being the 400th anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther.” The success of Pastor Baker was largely due to his intense missionary zeal. In season and out of season he was ready to make any sacrifice that would lead him into helpful touch with souls. By his missionary efforts St. Peter’s Church of North Fast and Grace and Zion of Erie were established. After his resignation the congregation turned once more to the sons of Westmoreland, and selected Rev. G. Franklin Gehr as his suc- cessor. These two pastors were born on adjacent farms in the parish of First Church, Greensburg, Pa., and possessed many qualities in common. Pastor Gehr was an intense worker, and few Lutherans came to Erie as strangers without soon learn- ing to know him as a friend. His pastorate extended from August 1, 1907, to October 1, 1913, when he accepted a call to become president of the Pittsburgh Synod. On September 10, 1911, the lot adjoining the church was bought for $5,750. The next pastor was Rev. Earl Cameron Herman, who piloted the congregation through the trying period of the world war, greatly increased the membership, and set a high standard of benevo- lent giving. His term of service extended from October 1, 1914, to April 17, 1921. The Rev. Ephraim Maclay Gearhart was elected as his successor, and began his work under highly auspicious conditions, March 19, 1922. During the month of September prior to his coming, the property of the Young Men’s Jewish Club on West Tenth street was bought at a cost of $44,000. The dimensions of this property were 186x120 feet, 2—History of Luther Memorial Church, Erie, 1861-1911. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 495 and furnished an ideal site for the new church, whose corner stone was laid, June 28, 1925. The large residence with which it had been improved was utilized as a parsonage and parish house. Organized women’s work began in this church with the “Ladies’ Aid Society,” organized by Rev. J. H. W. Stuckenberg in 1862, with Mrs. Henry Jarecki as the first president. This was a highly popular organization, since it did much to minister to the social life of the younger members. It gave way to the “Ladies’ Working Association”, organized by Rev. I. O. Baker in 1882, with Mrs. W. W. Thomas as president. After a time the name of this association was changed to the “Ladies’ Aid Society.” In 1883, a little girls’ society was organized by Mrs. Christian W. Brown and Mrs. Adam Brabender, which devel- oped in a sewing circle, and finally into the Junior Luther League in 1908. The ‘Mission League” of 1890 and the ‘“Passa- vant Missionary Circle’ of 1904 were finally merged in the “Luther League’, organized in 1893. The “Women’s Mission- ary Society” was organized in 1910, the “Martin Luther Brother- hood” in 1903, the ‘Young People’s Society” in 1900. The following young men have entered the ministry from this church: William Hall, Charles E. Blethen, Roy G. Catlin, Charles A. Dennig and H. Edward Reinhardt. The list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. J. H. W. Stucken- Pero SO ato0) skevea| wiles onith, 1860-187" kev, J. oR! Groff, 1872-1874; Rev. H. H. Bruning, 1874-1880; Rev. I. O. Baker, D. D., 1881-1905; Rev. G. F. Gehr, D. D., 1907-1913; Reyvbe Gb erman?s1914-1921:-s Rev; E:°M: Gearhart. Di. D: 1922-. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH GIRARD, PA. This church. was organized with fifty members by Rev. C. F. Boehner, May 13, 1866. Two weeks later, Heinrich Becker, Jacob Kuebler, Heinrich Kreletter, Simon Reichert, John Kues- sel, and Christian Yaeger were installed as officers. The church was at once admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod, made a part of Lake Shore Parish, and served in connection with Mill Creek and Fairview until 1876. Pastor Boehner resigned in 1867 to accept a call to Erie, and Pastor Herman Eggers served as his successor from 1868 to 1870. During this pastorate the Lake Shore Mission became a self-sustaining parish. The next pastor was Rey. W. F. Seeger, 1870-1873, who dedicated a frame church building, September 25, 1870. When Pastor Seeger re- signed to accept a call from a parish of the Missouri Synod in 1873, he was succeeded by Rev. G. H. Schoemperlen, who was 496 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD so slow in acknowledging his obligations to the Pittsburgh Synod that he was taken to task for it. The congregation was evi- dently as listless as their pastor, for, as soon as he resigned in 1876, they withdrew from the synod and united with a German church in. Fairview in extending a call to a pastor of the Evan- gelical Synod of North America. From 1876 to 1901 they were served by German Evangelical pastors, and then wrote to the president of the Pittsburgh Synod asking for restoration. Not receiving a pastor as soon as they expected they called another Evangelical pastor, who served from 1901 to 1903, but left them in such a weakened condition that they once more sought the services of a Lutheran. The chief credit for bring- ing them back to the Pittsburgh Synod belongs to Rev. C. Theodore Benze, who ministered to them in their isolation and helped them secure a pastor. From 1866 to 1903 the following men served as officers of St. John’s: Ahl, Friedrich Kreletter, Heinrich Moehring, Friedrich Becker, Heinrich Kreletter, August Reichert, Simon Brehm, Fr. Kress, Wilhelm Schmidt, Karl Dieter, Friedrich Krutzke, Herman Schmidt, Otto Ellwanger, Carl Kuebler, Wilhelm Schuetz, August Ellwanger, Friedrich Kuebler, Jacob Sedler, Karl Haut, Gustav Kuessel, Johann Sedler, Heinrich Hahn, Ernst Laffin, Friedrich Spengler, John Helmbrecht, August Lang, Jacob Westphal, Ludwig Tsele, Rudolph Loeffel, Jonn Will, Johann Jordan, Christian Meyer, Friedrich Wingert, John Kaehler, Emil Meyer, H. D. Yaeger, Christian - Kimmel, Philip Meyer, Wilhelm Yaeger, Louis After the resignation of the last German Evangelical pastor in 1903, Rev. C. Theodore Benze of Erie supplied their pulpit for more‘than+a year; andr secured theielection of KRevinlmels Neudorffer, December 11, 1904, with the written understanding that the pastor should be a member of the Pittsburgh Synod. For eleven years the church was cared for by pastors of Erie Lutheran congregations; in 1909 it was connected with the Conneaut Parish. The congregation numbered 37 members in 1907 and 60 in 1922. Earlier attention to the claims of the English language would have saved them many serious losses and unpleasant experiences. A consecutive list of pastors is as follows: Rev. C. F. Boehner, 1866-1867; Rev. Herman Eiggers, 1868-1870; Rev. W. F. Seeger, 1870-1873; Rev. G. H. Schoemperlen, 1873-1876; Rev. Ferdinand Buesser, 1876- 1880; Rev. Carl Goehling, 1880-1890; Rev. Robert Koehler, 1890-1893; Rev. Betz, 1893-1897; Rev. Kratzler, 1897-1898 ; Rev. R. Vieweg, 1898-1900; Rev. Paul Reikow, 1900-1901; Rev. Brandli, 1901-1903; Rev. C. T. Benze, 1903-1904; Rev. J. J. Neudorffer, 1905-1907; Rev. C. T. Benze (supply), 1907- 1908; Rev. John A. Beighey, 1908-1912; Rev. H. F. Gruhn (supply), 1914-1915; Rev. John A. Beighey, Rev. G. A. Benze and others (supplies), 1915-1919; Rev. F. P. Welkner, 1919-. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 497 STPAUL’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH CORRY, PA. The town of Corry was founded about the year 1860, and had a rapid growth in the first ten years, for the reason that it became a railroad center in a large and developing oil field. Lutheran services were Merwe creltds = carl yom ac 1867 by Rev. C. F. Boeh- ner of the Lake Shore Mission, but no organiz- ation was effected. In 1869 the Pittsburgh Syn- od made a missionary appropriation of $500, and Rev. Carl Jaeckel of New Castle was asked to give half his time to Cor- Ly eat ea deld sihis), first service in a school house, October 14, 1870, and organized a congrega- tion of forty-four mem- bers in’ January, 1871. The constitution recom- mended by the Ministeri- um of Pennsylvania was adopted, and a charter secured, “binding the congregation to the Pittsburgh Synod.” A lot was bought for $650 and a generous subscription list secured for the building of a church. When Pastor Jaeckel resigned at the close of his first year, chiefly be- cause of the dissatisfaction of the New Castle Church, officials found it difficult to secure a successor, with the result that the lot was surrendered and building abandoned. Rev. Michael Schweigert was commissioned as the missionary in 1872, and then came the financial panic of 1873, when so many financial losses occurred in the parish that Pastor Schweigert gave up the work in despair. Soon after the meeting of the synod in 1874, the field was visited by the missonary superintendent, in company with Rev. Michael Kuchler, with the result that the latter took charge of the mission, and gave sevices in German every alternate Sunday until 1879. In the early spring of 1875, he reorganized the congregation on the basis of the constitution and charter of 1871, twenty-four persons attending the first communion service. With new hope in their hearts the congre- gation bought a corner lot, 66 x 100, in November of 1875 for a consideration of $500. The final payment on this lot was SR, 1{ HLS a an Reale (3) L 498 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD not made until 1881, when the deed was secured. The corner stone of their church was laid in May, 1876, and the building was dedicated by Pastor Kuchler, June 3, 1877. It was not a large church, 26 x 40, and cost but $1,600, but it gave great encouragement to the little congregation of fifty members. His successor was Rev. Herman Gilbert, who gave the same amount of time and service to the mission as his predecessor, and served from 1879 to 1885. It was plain to all that no mission church could be properly developed under these conditions, the pastor living in Greenville, and the pastor himself recommended that Corry be added to some other point to form a regular parish. This was done in June, 1885, when Rev. J. H. Orr, took charge of the congregation in connection with Meadville. Inasmuch as the original constitution could not be found, a new one was adopted at the beginning of his pastorate. The pastor attempted to hold English services in the evening, but they were soon dis- continued for lack of interest. Pastor Orr resigned, January 1, 1888, and Drake’s Mills then united with Corry in forming a self-sustaining parish. The new parish extended a call to Rev. Gustave A. Benze, who became the first resident pastor, and de- monstrated the fact that there was a field for the Lutheran Church in Corry. He organized a thriving English Sunday School and also a Danish Church of 100 members. His suc- cessor was Rev. E. J. Meissner, under whose direction a frame parsonage was erected on the rear of the church lot at a cost of $1,000. He resigned in 1894, and was succeeded by Rev. Jens Peter Hansen, 1894-1896. From 1897 to 1902 Corry and Johnsonburg were served together by Pastor Joseph Schmalen- bach; then the synod consented to make a missionary appropria- tion of $175 to Corry, on condition that English work alone be prosecuted. This condition was satisfactory to the congregation, for they realized that they had not made the fullest provision -for their young people and had suffered loss in consequence. The missionary pastors who served under this arrangement were Rev. R: E. McDaniel and Rev. N:) N: Harter, butethe progress of the mission was so slow that some regarded it a forlorn hope. ‘Then came Pastor William Hall, October 24, 1909, and his patient and thorough work gradually raised the congregation to a position of self-support. The discouragements were many and great, but one by one they were overcome, and the future of the church was assured. At one time Pastor Hall resigned, but the congregation soon recalled him that he might be their leader in the building of a worthy church. The old church was then razed, and a new church built that was dedicated by Pastor Hall, February 11, 1923. It was built of concrete, art stone and Rosecraft brick, 42 x 72, with a castel- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 499 lated corner tower, at a cost of $34,000. ‘The interior was furnished according to Lutheran ideals, and equipped with a two-manual Hillgren-Lane pipe organ. The basement was well finished and equipped for Sunday School work. ‘Two devoted members of the congregation, Henry and Harrison Keppel, each gave $10,000 toward the building fund, making it possible for the congregation to dedicate their church with comparatively little debt. The dedicatory services took place on a Sunday afternoon, and addresses were made by Dr. G. A. Benze of Erie and Doctor Felix V. Hanson of Jamestown. The membership now numbers ninety, but it is confidently believed that the new church will witness a large increase. The following pastors have served here:, Rey. Carl Jaeckel, 1871; Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1872-1873; Rev. Isaac Brenneman (supply), 1873- 1874; Rev. Michael Kuchler, 1874-1879; Rev. Herman Gilbert, 1879-1885; Rev. J. H. Orr, 1885-1888; Rev. G. A. Benze, 1888- 1891; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1891-1894; Rev. J. P. Hanson, 1894- 1896; Joseph Schmalenbach, 1897-1902; Rev. R. E. McDaniel, Ph. D., 1902-1907; Rev. N. N. Harter, 1907-1909; Rev. William Hall, 1909-. Se OENiS EL VANGHMICATALUTHERAN CHURCH FRANKLIN CORNERS, PA. The building of St. John’s Church is traced back to Febru- ary 24, 1869, when a subscription book was circulated “for the purpose of building a church at Franklin Corners, free for all denominations”. ‘The sum of $1,200 was subscribed, and a building committee, consisting of Lyman Smith, William M. Nason, and J. R. Steadman, was instructed to proceed with the erection of a church. Land was secured from John Tuckey, and a frame church built at a cost of $1,500. The Lutherans share this building with the Methodists, usually holding services every two weeks from April 1 to September 1 of each year. During the winter months the roads are often impassable be- cause of the deep mud or drifted snow. When the Lutherans first availed themselves of their rights in this building is not known, but a congregation of twenty-eight members was or- canizedabye Reva) A.) Zahn jalyyoie 18738) .whensthe consti- tution recommended by the General Council was adopted. The congregation was admitted to membership in the Pittsburgh synod in 1878, and made a part of Lake Shore Parish. The resignation of Pastor Zahn in 1882 was more deeply felt by St. John’s than by any of the other churches in his care, for after that the name of the congregation does not appear on the records of the synod until 1915, when Rev. M. R. Kunkelman accepted 500 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD it as a regular appointment of the Erie County Parish. ‘The membership has never been large, and now numbers about fifteen. The following is a list of the pastors: Rev. J. A. J. Zahn, 1878-1882; Supplies, 1882-1915; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1915-1918; Rev. J. A. L. Mensch, 1918-1919; Rev. F. W. Boyer, 1920-1925; Rev. J. W. Dean, 1925-. ZIONS EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN * CHOURGH [BIRG Ded ars Zion’s Church was organized, December 13, 1895, develop- ing out of a Sunday School started by Luther Memorial Church in a vacant store room in West Fighteenth street, in April, 1890. This school quickly outgrew its quarters, and Hiram LL. Berst, a prominent member of Luther Memorial, donated a lot on Poplar street, near Nineteenth, on which a frame chapel was erected and furnished at a cost of $3,000. From the time this mission school took possession of the new chapel, April 5, 1891, its growth was rapid and more than 300 scholars were enrolled. The sessions were held Sunday afternoons, and drew from all classes in the neighborhood. Well attended preaching services were also held on Friday evenings. This led to an increasing sentiment in favor of the organization of a church; and the Pittsburgh Synod lent assistance in 1895 with a mission- ary appropriation , of $300, leaving the selec- tion of a missionary to the Church Council of Luther Memorial. At that convention of synod, the lay delegate from Uniontown Parish was William E. Frey, a re- cent. graduates so .tyetahee Philadelphia Seminary. Pastor A. O. Baker in- terested this young man in the new mission; and the result was that he came to Erie, October 19, 1895, and took charge of the mission. Preach- ing in the chapel and pas- toral visitation resulted in forty - seven persons Bip LORY OP Pith Phe lSBOURGHesYNOD 501 signing an agreement “to associate themselves together in the organization of a second English Lutheran Church.” On Friday evening, November 15, 1895, these persons adopted a reso- lution, asking the Church Council of Luther Memorial to ex- tend’a call-on their behalf to Pastor Frey. Such a call was extended and accepted, and steps were taken at once to effect a permanent organization. The constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted, December 13, 1895, and the following officers were elected: Hiram L. Bert, Levi H. Ro- land, Charles T. Schneider, and Henry Himberger, deacons; and Adam G. Laver, Thomas Boyer, and Hiram L,. Berst, trustees. The original members of Zion were the following: Anderson, Mrs. Emma Gardner, Charles Reinhardt, Mrs. Anna Berst, Hiram L. Gehrlein, Minnie Roland, Levi H. Berst, Mrss.H. W. Himberger, Henry Roland, airs, be) He Berst, Harriette E. Himberger, Mrs. Henry Rowland, Mrs. J. Berst, Jessie M. Holmquist, Gustav Schneider, C. T. Berst, Marion J. Holmquist, Mrs. Gustav Schneider, Mrs. C. T. Berst, William M. Johannesen, Anna Smith, Fred Berst, Fred Karch, David Smith, Mrs. Fred Berst, Irene Karch, Mrs. David Sto ohne Virsseke. Boyer, Mr. and Mrs Thos. Laver, Adam G. Vogel, Charles Boysen, Mr. and Mrs. L. H. Laver, Mrs. A. G. Vogel, Mrs. Charle Boysen, Anna Meyer, Mrs. Kate Wood, Mrs. W. F. Boysen, Celia Meyer, Mattie Zuerl, F. Boysen, Lenora Portenier, Lena M. Zuerl, -Mrs. FP. Gardner, Mrs. Laura Rapp, Mrs. Salome Zuerl, Helen Of these forty-seven members thirty-four were received from Luther Memorial. In the presence of the newly-formed congregation of which he was to be pastor, Candidate Frey was ordained by the authority of the Pittsburgh Synod, Decem- ber 17, 1895. His installation took place at the same service. There was a debt of $2040 at the time of the organization of the church; $1,200 of this was assumed by Luther Memorial, and $840 by Hiram L. Berst, enabling the mission to start free of debt. Io Hiram L. Berst, more than any other one man, Zion’s Church owes her success in the days of her infancy. In three years the church passed the mission stage, self-support being assumed, March 1, 1898. A charter was secured, August 24, 1896, and the church admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod a few days later. The first building venture of the congregation was the erection of a parish house in 1899 at a cost of $1,200. After the death of Hiram L. Berst in 1908, Mrs. Berst made a memorial gift to the congregation of a plot of ground on Brown’s avenue and Liberty street as a site for a new church. The corner stone of this church was laid, October 6, 1912, and the completed church dedicated by Pastor W. E. Frey, March 9, 1913, Dr. T. B. Roth delivering the chief address. This church was built of pressed brick and stone, and represents a property valuation of $30,000. The building committee was composed of Pastor W. E. Frey, Adam G. Laver, Charles P. Melhorn, W. T. Hallifield, Frederick Weinheimer, Thomas D. CHURCHES OF ERIE Christ Church Grace Church Holy Trinity Church Zion’s Church St. John’s Church Luther Memorial Messiah Church St. Matthew’s Church St. Stephen’s Church HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 503 Osterberg, George Bahm, and Harry Will, Sr. In 1920 the silver anniversary of the ordination and installation of the first and only pastor of Zion was observed, attracting large gather- ings of clergy and laiety. ‘Two societies of Zion are older than the congregation, two Luther Leagues having been organized in 1894. ‘The Pastor’s Aid Society was organized in 1896, and the Men’s Society in 1899, and both have filled a large place in Zion. ‘The church reported 594 members in 1925. play VE RISE VANGEEICAL LUTHER RANCCHURCH NOK PMS by PAG The founding of this congregation was due to the mis- sionary zeal of Doctor I. O. Baker of Erie. The organization was effected by him, June 4, 1896, enrolling the following members: Biehl, A. W. Luke, John IBEKbA. Wo Af Diehl, Mrs. Louis Meehl, Charles and wife Rabensdorf, John Hendrickson, C and wife Mosher, Henry and wife Rix, Mrs. George Hendrickson, Edith Munson, Swen and wife Smith, Mrs. Mary Kopcke, H. F. Nelson, Alfred and wife Sullivan, Mrs. Harry Kopcke, W. T. Nelson, Hjalmar and wife Tillotson, Mrs. Max Larson, Louis and wife Nelson, Andrew and wife Youngs, Charles Luke, Henry Nieman, William and wife Youngs, Mrs. Charles The first officers were Charles Meehl, Swen Munson, Alfred Nelson, John Luke, W. T. Kopcke, and Henry Mosher. “St. Peter’s English Lutheran Church” was the name first selected, but Evangelical was later substituted for English. Services were held in rented halls at first, but were always conducted according to Lutheran ideals, however unchurchly the surroundings. The lot on the corner of Pearl and Eagle streets, 90x100, was bought for $500, December 17, 1898. As soon as the last payment was made, plans were laid for build- ing a church. The corner stone was laid, September 6, 1900, and the Sunday School room dedicated, December 16, 1900, but the church was not dedicated by Pastor G. G. Ruff until June 16, 1902. A small debt of $700 remained, but for some reason was not paid until 1915. The congregation was granted a charter, May 27, 1905.. During the pastorate of Rev. M: A. Meier the basement was completed at a cost of $3,300. A stucco parsonage was built for $5,000 on the lot adjoining the church in 1921. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. I. O. Baker, D.D. (supply), 1896; Rev. I. H. Stet- ler, 1896-1897; Rev. A. L. Benze, 1898-1899; Rev. G. G. Ruff, 1899-1902; Rev. C. L. V. Dozer, 1903-1904; Rev. J. Q. Waters, 1904-1907; Rev. A. C. Sumons, 1908-1910; Rev. M. A. Meier, 1912-1915; Rev. C. E. Read, 1916-1922; Rev. C. C. Ricker, 1922- 1924; Rev. C. F. Hildebrand, Jr., 1924-. 504 HISTORY ORT ILE SP GLa ab URGE oy NO Io TRINEDTY, EVANGELICAL TUTHERAN (CHURCH | McKEAN, PA. For fifty years before the founding of Trinity Church Lutherans lived in McKean. At the beginning they attended services at Mill Creek. A number of them withdrew from Mill Creek, and were organized into a church by Pastor E. J. Meissner, May 8, 1897. August Delft, Herman Warren, Charles Mankel, William Schaeffer, Charles Schroeder, Fred Ruhling, and Ernest Ruhling were the first trustees. A lot near the forks of the Grub and Edinboro roads was bought for $95, August 10, 1897, and the members volunteered for all manner of service in the building of a church. The building was dedicated by Pastor Meissner, November 21, 1897, ser- mons being delivered in German and English. It was a small brick church, 35x50, and cost.about $2,000. The church bell was given by John Wagner, the two Bibles by Benjamin Rohrer and Mrs. Fannie Davidson, the pulpit by William Sadey, the lectern by Rev. R. E. McDaniel, and the altar by Drake’s Mills Church. The Sunday School was organized soon after the dedication, with I. M. Kinsinger as the first superintendent. During the pastorate of Rev. FE. J. Meissner, German was preached every third Sunday; since that time only English has been used. The pastors were: Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1897-1906; Rev. R. FE. McDaniel, Ph.D., 1907-1910; Supplies, 1910-1914; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1914-1918; Rev. J: AS Mensch, 1918-1919 “Revil| aoe eionevan 1 she ae Rev. F. W. Boyer, 1920-1925; Rev. J. W. Dean, 1925-. oD STEPHEN'S. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN: GHURie rH PRL ALP AAs The credit for the establishment of St. Stephen’s Church belongs to the teachers of St. John’s. The steady develop- ment of the city to the southeast, as well as the large num- ber of families of St. John’s moving into that section, led them to establish a school in Saltman’s Hall in 1883. About 150 scholars enrolled in this school within six weeks, and it’s promoters began to plan for a chapel. Two lots on East ave- nue, near 22nd street, were bought for $1,200, and a modest chapel was built for $1,500. The corner stone was laid, March 25, and the chapel dedicated by Doctor G. A. Benze, June 17, 1894. The rapid development of this mission led to the call of RevAC: 1) Benze/asithelassistanttpaston tot’ oles obtuse also served as the pastor of St. Stephen’s until August 17, 1909. The congregation was organized by him in 1898, and became a self-sustaining parish in 1906, St. Stephen’s received her HISTORY: OFTHE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD 505 charter, February 27, 1905, and was admitted to the Pitts- burgh Synod, June 24 of the same year. The petition for the charter was signed by Pastor C. T. Benze, Henry Zink, Henry Maeder, Moses Birk, William May, Fred Garlach, Max Leistner, John Hartleb, Gustave Bengel, F. J. Sapper, Herman Liebau, Gottfried Struchen, William Hoener, Matthew C. Schwarz, Valentine Hausmann, Herman Lambrecht, and Adam Dippel. A parsonage was built for $3,000 in 1903. When Pastor L. O. Benze was installed as the successor of his brother, November 12, 1909, he found the chapel ready to collapse, necessitating the erection of a new church. The pastor drafted the plans and superintended the building of this church in person. Gravel was found in excavating, from which were made the cement blocks used in the construction. It was completed at a cost of $8,000, and dedicated, May 21, 1911. Its churchly appointments are much admired by visit- ing clergy. St. Stephen’s was organized as a German congre- gation, but the services now alternate between German and English. The pastorates were: Rev. C. T. Benze, 1898-1909; Rev. L. O. Benze, 1909-1926. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH ORAL Die This church is the outgrowth of a mission school, established by members of Luther Memorial Church in the northeast section of Erie, November 19, 1893. The first superin- ; AL Sea | tendent of this school BS as il was Peter Leemhuis, and As the first meeting place ap OSES the Schermerhorn home at 809 E.. Seventh street. Hi AS lots on, the corner “of Wayne and Tenth streets } i was secured in 1894, where a chapel secured from the Episcopalians “> was set up. The school moved into its new quar- | ters, June 17, 1894, Doc- tors I. O. Baker and H. W. Roth conducting the JLUs formal opening service. - (ers It was maintained as a AF parish mission of Luth- ( er Memorial for several 506 HISTORY? OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD years, holding its sessions in the afternoon. Vespers were con- ducted by Students C. E. Blethen and Roy G. Catlin during the summers of 1895 and 1896. In 1904 a number of families be- came interested in the establishment of a congregation, and Rev. Samuel S. Adams preached regularly every Sunday morn- ing during the winter of 1904-1905. Called by Luther Memorial Church, Rev. Franklin E.. Strobel became the first regular pastor of the mission after his ordination by the Pittsburgh Synod, June 25, 1905. Pastor Strobel conducted the first communion service for Grace Church, October 1, 1905, when he received the 50 charter members by letter, confirmation and baptism. The first officers were Frederick Bauschard, Merle Gehagen, F. W. Hirt, and George Wagner. The constitution was adopted, October 4, 1905, and the charter obtained, November 20, 1905, after which Luther Memorial conveyed the property free of encumbrance to Grace Church, The chapel was dedicated by Pastor Strobel, June 17, 1906. Under the leadership of Pastor E. L. T. Engers, April 17, 1912, the mission became a self-sup- porting parish of the Pittsburgh Synod. Doctor G. H. Schnur began his pastorate, June 15, 1918, rallied a much discouraged congregation, and established confidence in the future. A par- sonage at 709 FE. 11th street was bought and remodelled at a cost of $5,500, and the entire debt discharged. Plans are now being made for the enlargement of the church building, a sketch of which is shown in the insert. The pastors were: Rev. F. E. Strobel, 1905-1910; Rev. J. H. Wannemacher, 1910-1911; Rev. E, 1, FT. Engers, 1911-1916; Rev J A SE Mensche 191630) = Rev. J. A. Beighey (supply), 1917-1918; ‘Rev. G: H. Schnur; D. D., 1918-. UST MATTHEWS EVAN. LUTHERANACH Lin ERIE, PA. The movement toward the organization of this church in the northwestern section of Erie had its origin in the Church Council of St. John’s. A mission school was then opened in a rented shop, near the corner of Poplar and Eighth streets, in September of 1901. This school soon enrolled more than 100 children, necessitating larger quarters, and the Bap- tist chapel, corner of Cascade and Seventh streets, was bought for $3,000 by St. John’s, and turned over to St. Matthew’s at the same price several years later. This purchase included a building lot, 82x123, a frame chapel and a pastor’s residence. The chapel was dedicated by the pastors of St. John’s as St. Matthew’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, November 10, 1901. For more than three years the school was conducted as a HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 507 parish mission of St. John’s, and was transferred to St. Mat- thew’s in 1905. ‘The new church received its charter, March 6, 1905, on the petition of the following: Albert, Philip Gaekle, Fred Schurg, Charles Baumgartner, Jacob Pflueger, William Schade, Henry Beckman, Kdward Raeder, William Snowman, Henry Burghart, Henry Rosanski, Christian Spanner, Henry Clemens, F. R. Rosanski, Martin and Paul Waha, Henry These petitioners did not represent the full strength of the mission, for it enrolled 100 members in 1906. The present constitution was adopted, December 26, 1909. All services were conducted in German at first, but English was intro- duced within a year, and was used exclusively after 1915. In 1910 the chapel was repaired, and more churchly furnishings installed, at a cost of $900. Choir vestments were adopted in 1916, St. Matthew’s being the first of the Erie churches to be thus equipped. After receiving missionary aid from the Pitts- burgh Synod, 1905-1915, the church became a selt-supporting Patishy When Pastor otremel took chatge, june slaye1921 he found a strong sentiment for the building of a better church. The corner stone of this church was laid, December 10, 1922, and the building dedicated by Pastor Stremel, September 20, 1923. One of the members of St. Matthew’s served as the architect, and succeeded in producing one of the most church- ly edifices of the city. The chapel was first moved, and connected with the new church set on the front of the lot. It was veneered with stone that had been rejected by the city, the entire cost of the new plant being $66,000. All.the churches of“ the city showed a deep interest in the dedication of this building. The pastors have served in. the following..order: Rev. J. Neudorffer, 1905-1908; Rev. H. F. Gruhn, 1909-1916; Rev. H. B. Ernest, 1917-1921; Rev. A. W. Stremel, 1921-. CHRIST EVANGERICATY LUTHERAN CHURCH PAW RENCE SPARK BRIE OPA, The General Electric Company established a large plant here in 1911, and erected a large number of homes for the employees. As early as 1912 some of these homes were occu- pied by Lutherans. Pastor EK. L..T. Engers of Grace Church helped them to organize a Sunday School at 1013 Silliman ave- nue, October 12, 1912. This school began to grow, so that the place of meeting was changed to the Keim flat and then to the school building. Christ Church was organized with eight mem- bers at the home of George DeBell, October 27, 1913, but this meeting was adjourned to the home of Robert Stauffer, No- vember 6, 1913, when the following signed the constitution: 508 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD DeBell, George Hamme, Paul Krause, Mrs. H. F. DeBell, Elizabeth Hamme, Bertha Remley, Herman Geigle, Jacob Hamme, Violet Remley, Mrs. Herman Geigle, Mrs. Jacob Hamme, Margaret Stauffer, Robert Geigle, William Iverson, Emma Stauffer, Anna : Goodman, Alma Knight, Mrs. Louis Thies, John and wife Gray, John Koch, Martin Thomas, Agnes Gray, Mrs. John Koch, Michael Krause, H.. F. The first officers were Robert Stauffer, John Gray, George DeBell, and H. F. Krause. The Erie Church Extension Society then took them under its care, and built a brick church on Silli- man avenue for $7,000. The corner stone was laid, November 16, 1913, and the build- ing dedicated by Rev. E. TS oT SE ners eacuare pastor, May -10, 1914. COAl SA darmiyotas igs tee phen’s, Peter Leemhuis of Luther Memorial, and Miss Kate Hirt of Grace were valuable helpers of the mission in the early days. The first regular pastor of the church was Rev. James W. Ramsey. In 1919 a loan of $2,000 was received from the Board of Home Missions and Church Extension, in order to finance the purchase of two addi- tional lots. ‘Their obli- 3 gation to the Erie Church Extension Society was adjusted during the next year, and the debt has been gradually paid. The work of this congregation is dependent to a large degree upon the business of the General Electric Company. In slack times many of the houses are empty; in good times the town is full of people and the work of the church assumes larger proportions. The membership passed the 100 mark in 1921. The pastors in order were: Rev. FE. L. T. Engers,1913-1914 ;Rev.J.W.Ramsey,1914-1915; Rev. G. E. Swoyer, 1917-1918; Rev. C. A. Dennig, 1918-1920; Rev. J. F. Kelly, 1920-1923; Rev. Samuel Boerstler, 1924-. HOLY TRINITY ITALIAN EVAN. LUTHERAN CHORCH ERIE, PA. The large Italian colony of Erie, many of whose people were known to be unchurched, led the Lutheran Mission and HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 509 Church Extension Society of Erie to give consideration to its spiritual needs. An agreement was made with the Immi- grant’s Mission Board of the United Lutheran Church, in which the Lutherans of Erie agreed to build a church for the mission, provided the Board would furnish and sustain the missionaries. A local committee of seventeen men financed the building project. A frame house at 639 W. 17th street was bought for $6,000, and remodelled at an additional cost of $6,000. The first floor was converted into an inviting chapel; the basement was arranged for social work; the sec- ond floor was fitted up for welfare and educational work. The educational and welfare department was opened for service, October 19, 1921, when more than 1,000 Italians were present to hear an address by Rev. Giuseppe Buggeli. The chapel was dedicated by the president of the Pittsburgh Synod, October 16, 1921, when the interest was so great that many failed to gain entrance to the building. Holy Trinity Church was or- ganized in this building by Pastor Fortunatto Scarpitti with 20 members, June 4, 1922. The first officers were L. M. De- Cecco, Michel Donofrio, Antonio IJannolo, Aurelio Petacchi, and Giuseppe Comi. Twelve of these charter members were confirmed by the missionary. The dedication of this building was notable, in that it was the first Italian Lutheran Church dedicated in America. The Sunday School was organized as soon as the room was available, and enrolled 130 scholars within a few months. The educational, music and sewing classes also proved popular during the winter months. Pastor Sabatino Pasqualoni assisted Pastor Scarpitti in the work of the mission, 1922-1924, and several of the young people of other Lutheran congregations proved helpful workers in suc- cessful vacation Bible schools. The Erie colony of Italians numbers 8,000 souls. MESSIAH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH W ESE EY VIEL EP AL This church owes its beginning to the Lutheran Mission and Church Extension Society of Erie. After Pastor Martin A. Meier of North Fast had canvassed the town and found twelve Lutheran families, the Sunday Schools of Erie provided a fund of $150 to finance the opening of a mission school. This school was opened, September 29, 1912, under the care of Pastor Meier, who preached for them every alternate Sunday after- noon. Before a church could be organized, many of the most interested families moved away, and attendance at service dwindled to almost nothing. When Pastor C. E. Read accepted 510 HISTORY OFSLHHSEITTS BURGH SYNOD a. call’ ‘to North® East, May 7, 1916, nothing was said in the call about the De op ae te Wesleyville Mission, but he gave it immediate at- i tention, and reorganized the school with eleven members, July 16, 1916. i Messiah Church was or- ganized with 20 mem- bers by Pastors C. E. Read and C. A. Dennig, ‘ September 10, 1916. A lot on the corner of East- / er avenue and Grey street; 130) x 120 Swias bought for $1,800 in a a 1917, the Lutherans of Erie rendering generous help. Compelled to va- cate their rented hall, the Baptist Church was kindly placed at their disposal. The corner stone of their church was laid by Doctor G. A. Benze, November 28, 1920, and the building dedicated by Pastor C. E. Read, May 8, 1921. It was built of brick and stone, a model of churchly taste, at a cost of $21,000. The success of this venture created such a spirit of enthusiasm in the congregation, that it in- creased to 105 members within a year. The church is now served in connection with Belle Valley. Sl. PAUL'S EVANGELICAL LUT H ERavNSG EEG BELLE y Adie Haye ah RUC @) aN eer ies The Rev. J. S. Kleckner, travelling missionary of the Erie Conterence, “elfecteds the stemporary ,0rcamizationmo mmr = church*in the Grange Hall... July) 2, 1922 30 = WeGerlachaae Guckes, Edward Schrimper, Mrs. I,. Werner, and Gertrude Schurz serving as the first officers. The Sunday School was organized at the same time, with Walter Moritz serving as assistant superintendent and secretary. A congregation of 14 members was permanently organized, August 27, 1922, when a constitution was adopted. A charter was secured and the church admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1923. After the resignation of Missionary Kleckner, August 27, 1922, the church was taken under the care of Pastor C. E. Read an connection with Wesleyville Parish. CHAPTER XV CHURCHES OF FAYETTE COUNTY 1773-1924 “For thou hast a little strength and hast kept my word”. aT HE oldest white settlement in Fayette County of which there is authentic record was that of Wendell Brown and his three sons along the Monongahela River in 1751. Three years later came Christopher Gist and his Virginians to Mount Braddock. Christopher Gist was the guide of George Washington, when he made his dangerous visit to the French forts of the upper Allegheny in the winter of 1753. He was a loyal member of the Episcopal Church, and sometimes conducted a service for the Red Men when he journeyed into the Indian country. Eleven families of Vir- ginians settled with him at Mt. Braddock, but all their homes were destroyed by the French and Indians in 1754. The first battles of the French and Indian War, and the first in which George Washington was ever engaged, were fought at Jumonville and Fort Necessity in Fayette County. Many of the early settlers of this county took up their lands under the laws of Virginia, not only because it was cheaper, but also because they believed it rightly belonged to that state. Many serious land disputes took place before the border line was finally determined. Rev. Jospeh Doddridge gives 1772 as the year of the first settlements of the Scotch-Irish, but it is well known that there were a number of Germans in German Township as early as 1769, who built a log church in 1773. Some of the leading families of Fayette County have sprung from this early German stock. The oldest church in the county is Great Bethel Baptist Church of Uniontown, founded by Henry Crosby, November 7, 1770, but Jacobs Lutheran Church is second. In recent years the development of the coal fields of the county have brought tens of thousands of foreigners here, eighty per cent of whom are Roman Catho- lics. The number of Lutherans in Fayette County has never been large, but their number is steadily increasing. They now have eight churches, with 2,117 confirmed members, con- nected with the Pittsburgh Synod, and two _ independent Slovak churches with 500 members. 212 HISTORYAOF SLE PeBLULSBURGHESY NOD JACOBS EVANGELICAL LUFHERAN CHURCH GERMAN TOWNSHIP, FAYETTE COUNTY, PA. This is one of the most venerable churches of the Pittsburgh Synod. Doctor Passavant believed it to be the oldest Lutheran Church west of the mountains; and published a sketch of it under that title in THE MISSIONARY, July 3, 1856. Zion Church of the Harold’s settlement, however, has records that antedate the oldest records of Jacobs Church by more than a year, so that if Jacobs Church is older it has yet to be proven. It is known that some of the founders of this congregation settled in the county as early as 1769, and that a substantial log church was erected, which was held as the joint property of the Lutherans and Reformed in 1773. An old German docu- ment, now in the archives of the Pittsburgh Synod, attests this important fact. The following is a free translation: 3lst. of ‘Julyp 1778: “The condition of this agreement concerning the Reformed con- gregation is that the Lutheran congregation shall have as much right to the church as the Reformed congregation. If the congregation should become too strong, and should a dispute arise, then both con- gregations must build another church in the same form as this, and our Reformed congregation binds itself for 50 pounds Pennsylvania current money, and no minister shall come into the churches to preach unless he has good testimony that he has been ordained by other ministers. Which we acknowledge with our hands.” John Ertman, Jacob Reich, Casper Bohner. All other church docu- ments and records earlier than 1792 have been lost, and local tradition is gen- erally vague and untrust- worthy. It is safe to as- sume that there must have been a Lutheran organiz- ation here, July 31, 1773, or the above agreement would have been mean- inglesss) / lt ‘must.bemre- membered that an or- ganization of 1773 would have been very different from an organization of 1919) tthe yinen yous settlement assembled and appointed three Luther- ans and three Reformed as overseers, with one of HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 513 them acting as treasurer, that would be sufficient. It is likely that this was the simple form of the original organization in Jacobs, and that the three names subscribed to the above docu- ment are those of the three Reformed trustees. Their first church was never dedicated for the reason that there was no minister near to conduct such a service. They built this church for both educational and religious purposes, and were accustom- ed to gather here for devotional. services on the Lord’s Day. When Father Trautman was near to the close of his life, he was asked why they would build a church when they had no pastor, and his answer was: “Well, we cotld go to the House of God every Sunday, hear the teacher read a sermon and listen to Barbara Brandenberg sing.” ‘Their eagerness to secure a pastor is seen in the fact that the first petition from western Pennsyl- -vania to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a minister came from these people in 1781. The record says: “These congrega- tions are situated toward Pittsburgh; Redstone is the = chief place. They own 300 acres of good land, but they need a man who is strong and can ride much, for they are scattered.” Title to their land was secured in a remarkable way, as described in the autobiography of their first pastor. 1They borrowed the money from Martin Mason, who was taken captive in the time of General Braddock’s defeat at Fort Pitt (now Pittsburgh) by the Indians, while on his way to carry provisions to his father in the army, and who was sold to a French general for a bottle of gin in A. D. 1755, and was taken to Canada, and when grown up returned to his native land and brought this piece of gold with him, and lent it to the congre- gation to pay for the land, and became and lived a devoted Christian and member of that Lutheran Church.” The warrant for this land was dated, February 2, 1786, and the patent issued July 22, 1794, The trustees named in the patent were Michael Franks, Nicholas Pock, John Mason, John Hartman, Nicholas Everly, and Joseph Yeager. The tract contained 117% acres, on which a church had been built several years in advance of the warrant of survey. It is said that the first person buried in the grave yard was a child, who died in the block house on the Emery farm during the course of an Indian uprising. Barbara Brandenberg made a coffin out of rough slabs, and dug a grave with her own hands, the men of the settlement being away from home. ‘This grave is probably as old as the first church. Rev. W. F. Ulery says of this old log church: "This house stood some distance east of the present church, and served as a place of worship for a number of years. Later 1—Autobiography of Rev. Johannes Stauch, Gettysburg Historical Library. 2—History of the Southern Conference, i bane Ulery, page 85. 514 HISTORY*ORSPRE SE Usb URG reo yaa a second church was built, which stood in the old grave yard a few rods west of the present church. It was built of hewn logs, and had a somewhat better plan and finish than the first church. It had a gallery like the old church at Harold’s, an altar and wine-glass pulpit, but was otherwise plain in all its appointments. In this house the fathers of our church in German Township worshipped for many years. It was repaired in later years, and much improved on its original plan and finish by putting in new seats and windows. It stood for a number of years after the first brick church had been built, and was not removed until 16533 In this humble building the fathers worshipped for many years. While this part of the country was less exposed to Indian forays than that beyond the Monongahela, they often carried their guns with them to church. A block house fort was built on the Emery farm near the church, where many anxious hours were spent. Their most trusted scout was “Big Jake Deffen- bach”, who kept them well informed in times of danger. The coming of Philip Schmidt to York Run in 1769, for the ex- pressed purpose of being near to a German church, seems to sug- gest that there may have been a considerable number of Germans in the settlement at that early day. For seventeen years after the building of their log church, however, their only church sery- ices were those conducted by their schoolmasters. Their first pastor was a layman of the Virginia glades, whose coming was like a visitation from heaven. After serving them for two years, 1791-1793, he was given a catechist’s license by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. In 1794 the same body gave him a candidate’s license to preach at “Salem, Morgantown, Redstone and still farther west”. The still farther west of this license was regard- ed by Pastor Stauch as his call to minister to the scattered Ger- mans of the frontier; and he made a number of missionary trips to Kentucky and Ohio for this purpose. He had ten regular appointments in Pennsylvania. Losing his wife soon after be- ginning his pastorate in Jacobs Church, he lived alone with his faithful horse for a period of three years. The Trautman fam- ily baked and washed for him, and evidently did it well, for Katherine Trautman became his wife in 1796. On May 11, 1795, he opened the first record of Jacobs Church, prefacing the same with the following German couplet : | “Den Anfang, Mittel und Ende, Ach Herr, zum besten wende. Damit zu deiner Ehre, Dein Reich sich hier vermehre.”’ At this time the congregation had about one hundred mem- bers, who pledged $125 for services every two weeks. His first HISTORY/OFVEHETPITTSBURGHI SYNOD 515 Church Council was composed of John Hahn, Philip Bauman, George Trautman, and Peter Walford, acting for the Lutherans, and Marcus Oster, Jacob Oster, and Nicholas Fass, acting for the Reformed. John Oeverdorf and John Brogman acted as almstakers. The work of the parish prospered until October 29, 1803, when two ministers named Eddinger and Pfremer were permitted to hold protracted meetings in the church, which re- sulted in such excesses of emotionalism that many people were deeply offended.. During these meetings some of the members of the congregation fell into a trance, and the simple hearted pastor was sorely puzzled. He didn’t know whether this power was of the Lord or not. While he hesitated, two factions were created, and the pastor was compelled to take sides. His opponents then secured the services of a man named Kiedelbach, who held com- petitive services in private homes. Failing to accomplish much by this method of work, they preferred charges against the pastor to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, but that body did not consider them worthy of attention. The opposition continued in the congregation, however, and Pastor Stauch held his last com- munion service in Jacobs Church, August 31, 1806, and removed to Ohio. During his pastorate 489 were baptized and 73 con- firmed. His successor was Rev. Johann Karl Rebenach, who was not acknowledged as a Lutheran minister by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania until 1816. After a pastorate of two years he removed to Martinsburg, West Virginia. At the request of some of the members of the church, he copied into the church record the statement that had been adopted by the fathers of Jacobs Church in 1790. This statement reads as follows: POSGODIALONE THE GLORY 3* “We, the undersigned members of the Evangelical Lutheran and Reformed congregations of German Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, hereby unanimously confess that, because God is a God of order, without which no church can be conducted and sustained, we with one accord accept the following rules and articles as a bond of that love and unity, which is the adornment of a Christian congrega- tion, namely : That both congregations, Lutheran and Reformed, have the same right and liberty to hold services and contribute equally toward the building and support of the church, and the same right to vote for the election of preachers, etc. Furthermore, it is considered necessary that from each side at least two deacons or almstakers should be elected every two years, whose duty it shall be to gather the alms and offerings, to assist the preacher in proper things, and to help him in doing good. Furthermore, it is considered necessary that from both sides at least four elders shall be elected, who shall constitute the Church Coun- cil, to whom the deacons of the church shall render an account every year, and whose duty shall be to adjust and settle all quarrels. 3—See Jacobs Church Record in the archives of the Pittsburgh Synod. 516 HISTORY OF *THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD: Furthermore, it is considered necessary that from each side or con- gregation a trustee shall be elected to whom all alms or offerings which come in from time to time shall be handed. Furthermore, it is considered necessary that the elders and trustees be authorized to oversee the necessary repairing of the church. It is ordered that an account of all receipts and expenses shall be rendered every year to the satisfaction of the congregation. Furthermore, it is unanimously resolved, since all public wrong is a blot upon a Christian congregation, and it is the command of Christ and his apostles that they who do such things shall not be allowed to remain in the congregation, and since it is the apostles command that he who sins openly shall be openly rebuked, he who’ lives in open sin and shame shall not be allowed to remain a member of our congrega- tion, unless he abstains from all wrongdoing and promises amendment; otherwise he shall be excluded from all pastoral service. . Furthermore, it 1s unanimously resolved, that the preacher shall be elected by the whole congregation, and no one shall preach in this church without a good testimonial that he is a regularly called teacher. It shall be the duty of the preachers of this congregation to lead an or- derly and blameless life, giving no offense, and administering the sac- rament according to the institution and command of Christ; to earn- estly preach, admonish and rebuke without respect of persons; to teach the young; and make no needless demands upon the congregation. So long as the preachers discharge their duties faithfully, they shall re- ceive salary and support from the congregation, according to the apos- tles teaching. “They that preach the gospel shall live of the gospel.’ Witness our hands and seal this Tenth Sunday after Trinity, 1790.” John Hahn Johannes Oceverdorf Henry Core Philip Bauman Valedia Oeverdorf Henry Baritzman Johannes Maurer Jacob Oster Jacob Frank Gottfried Noll Andreas Herzog Reinhard Puntstein M. Oster Heinrich Schmidt Mattias Bistel H. Everle Johannes Viengemeinte Michael Frank Joseph Jaeger Johann Georg Derr Francis Fast Johannes Ermann Nicholas Schmidt Nicklas Fast It will be noted that this statement was adopted in 1790, one year before Pastor Stauch entered the field, so that it is a mis- take to say that the congregation was organized by him. ‘The evidences indicate that the congregation was self-organized as early as 1773, and perhaps even earlier. After the resignation of Pastor Rebenach, the congregation turned to Rev. G. Hein- rich Weygandt, who served them from 1809 to 1829. His suc- cessor was Rev. John Brown, who ministered to them from 1829 to 1838, living for a time at Monongahela, then at McCullough’s Store, and finally at Masontown, Pa. He was not a man of such robust strength as Pastor Weygandt, and was not able to serve all the churches that constituted the parish of his predecessor. ° Often he found it difficult to meet his limited engagements, and Jacobs Church was sometimes reported vacant during this period. The next pastor was Rev. Charles Rees, whose entries in the church record date from April 25, 1840, to September 29, 1841. This was a trying period for the congregation, and they sorely missed the leadership of Pastors Weygandt and Brown. Separa- tion from the Reformed caused much trouble. TITLE PAGE, JACOBS CHURCH RECORD, 1795 518 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 4°A meeting was called on October 2, 1842, when it was found that the Reformed part of the council had been reduced to one member, Jacob Dieffenbach, who, on behalf of the -Re- formed congregation, relinquished all claim on the farm, .ctonpte the Lutheran congregation, to be used for the support of the minister, but it was provided that the Reformed still have the right to build up a congregation, if able to do so, and should be entitled to their interest to the church. On November 18, 1843, at a congregational meeting, a resolution was passed to petition the court to grant a charter to Jacobs Church. At the February term of court, 1844, a charter was granted, and afterwards adopted by the congregation. ‘The first election was held under the new charter, July 1, 1844. In 1836 Rev. Abraham Weills come to Washington County, and served several churches of the large parish of Pastor Weygandt at different times until 1868. When he first came to Pennsylvania, Jacobs was still under the care of Pastor John Brown. Not until after the pastorate of Rev. Charles Rees, 1840-1841, did the congregation turn to him for their supply. Serving as a supply for several years, he was elected as regular pastor in 1847, and continued as such until 1851. His successor was Rev. J. K. Melhorn, whose pas- torate extended from June 27, 1852, to June 30, 1865. During these thirteen years he was compelled to travel 5,000 miles an- nually in order to meet his appointments, and the greater part was done on horseback. He paid more attention to church records than some of his predecessors, and it is therefore pos- sible to note that he baptized 60 children, conducted 74 funerals, and added 175 persons to the communing membership. The following persons constituted the membership at the beginning of his pastorate: Blackford, Rebecca Everly, Jacob Poundstone, Jesse Blackford, Elizabeth Everly, Mary Poundstone, Eliza Bowers, Jacob Fast, Jacob Poundstone, Elizabeth Bowers, Lydia Fast, Mary Ann Ramsey, Catherine Brown, Rebecca Fast, Francis Rider, Sarah Burriff, Sarah Rasta Gants Rider, Nancy Ann Coffman, Andrew (2) Fast, Anemila Rider, Hannah Coffman, Elizabeth Fast, Nancy Rider, Michael Coffman, M. M. First, Ann Riffel, Jacob Coffman, Mary Franks, Emily Jane Riffel, M. ‘M. Coffman, Sarah J. Grove, Mary Riffel, Martha Crow, Michael, (2) Henderson, Eliza Ann Riffei, Joseph Crow, Mary M. Hunsacker, Henry Smith, Hannah Defenbaugh, Anthony Lawrence, Philip Smith, Mary and Sarah Defenbaugh, Henry Lawrence, Martha Tarr, Henry Defenbaugh, Susan Low, Jonathan Tarr, Mary Defenbaugh, Sarah Low, Mary Tarr, Charlotte Emery, William Newcomer, Mary Ann Wooderd, Joseph Emery, Margaret Poundstone, George Wooderd, Eliza Emery, John Poundstone, Destimona Wooderd, Susanna Emery, Susan Poundstone, Philip Yonson, Barbara Ann The church in which Pastor Melhorn preached was built of brick, 42 x 50, and dedicated by Pastor Abraham Weills in 4—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 90. HIiSLORYOF PLA RePIDrSBURGHISYNOD 519 June, 1847. The entire cost was $1,277, but much labor and material were donated. ‘Thirty-three years later this church was enlarged and remodelled at a cost of $2,500, and rededi- cated by Pastor W. O. Wilson, January 20, 1882. The parsonage was erected during the pastorate of Rev. Melhorn. A new constitution was adopted in June, 1854, which established the congregation for the first time on a firm Lutheran basis. The greater part of the Reformed element had either been absorbed by the Lutherans, or had entered the Presbyterian Church on the hill above McClellandtown. The preamble of this constitu- tion reads as follows: “Whereas, The German Reformed. congregation in this vicinity is extinct, and therefore cannot be an integral part of the congregation worshipping in Jacobs Church, and “Whereas, We, the Evangelical Lutheran congregation, desire to increase our church officers and make a few other changes in minor matters, therefore ! “Resolved, That we, the said Evangelical Lutheran congregation of Jacobs Church adopt the following formula for our government.” In 1878 ten more acres of the church land adjoining the old cemetery was laid out in lots and sold to the members of the congregation for a nominal price. Many are the graves, marked and unmarked, tound in the two old cemeteries, some of which are now more than 150 years old. The coal under the church farm was sold during the pastorate of Rev. Samuel Stouffer, and $7,300 of the purchase money was placed on interest. This interest was used in meeting current expenses. Soon after this sale two gas wells were drilled, yielding an annual income of $500 for some time. The gas wells ceased to produce in 1919, and much of the coal money was lost through the failure of J. V. Thompson, so that the church was weakened rather than strengthened by the use of this unearned increment. The fol- lowing pastors have served this venerable congregation: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1791-1806; Rev. Johann Karl Rebenach, 1806- 1808; Rev. G. Heinrich Weygandt, 1809-1829; Rev. John Brown, 1829-1838; Rev. Charles Rees, 1840-1841; Rev. Abraham Weills, 1841-1851; Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1852-1865; Rev. Henry Acker, 1866-1873; Rev. W. O. Wilson, D. D., 1873-1885; Rev. John Nichols, 1885-1886; Rev. J. H. Ritter, 1886-1887; Rev. G. D. Gross, 1888-1891; Rev. J. A. Boord, 1891-1894; Rev. Samuel Stomiters 1894-1902; ‘Rev Di DaMilleri 190221917 -sRevi Cx ly. Hunt, 1918-1923; Rev. M..L. Peter, 1923-. GOOD HOPE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH INDIAN HEAD, PA. This church has always been closely related to the churches of Westmoreland, but is located in the extreme 520 HISTORY OF ‘THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD northeastern section of Fayette County. It is one of the venerable congregations of the Pittsburgh Synod, having bap- ° tismal records dating back to 1788. When the church was organized is not definitely known, but on October 5, 1788, nine children were baptized by some visiting Reformed or Lutheran pastor, and this may reasonably be accepted as the date of organization, since baptisms are recorded at regular periods after that time. If the organization was effected by a Reformed pastor, it was by Rev. J. W. Weber; if it was effected by a Lutheran pastor, it must have been Rev. Anton Ulrich Lutge, since he was the only Evangelical Lutheran pastor in western Pennsylvania at the time. After the year 1791 Rev. Johannes Stauch and Rev. John Michael Steck gave the congregation such attention as their large parishes would permit. The first church was built of logs, and usually called Back Creek Church because vf its location. It is: beheved that this old log church was dedicated by Pastors Stauch, Steck, and Weber, August 23, 1795, when the two Lutheran pastors administered the sacrament to forty communicants, and the Reformed pastor to twenty. The Lutheran communi- cants on this occasion were: Assmann, Christian Heintz, Jacob Roescheberger, Conrath Bansse, Ludwig Hermann, Friedrich Roescheberger, Anna M. Bansse, Anna Maria Hermann, Catharina Schaeffer, Dorothea Bosert, Christian Hermann, Barbara Schneider, Simon Bruekmann, Philip Kern, Matheus Senft, Christian Bruekmann, Elizabetha Kraft, Abraham Senft, Catharina Bucher, Peter Looser, Christoph Senft, Susanna Dombalt, Christina Looser, Eva Elizabetha Stauch, Jacob Ehrnfried, Sally Looser, Anna Barbara Stauch, Catharina Ehrnfried Anna M. Meeder, Frederick Straeher, Peter Hee, (Hay) Ludwig Narriks, Jacob Straeher, Catharina Hee, (Hay) Abraham Rau, George VanCasiell, G. B. Ulrich Hee, (Hay) Elizabetha Rau, Catharina Wolf George and Anna The family names of the Reformed communicants were: Schaffer, Christ, Hoffheins, Schlater, Berkey, Ebling, Har- bach, Schneider, Meeder, Narriks, and Hoh. In the course of time, the Reformed were gradually absorbed by the Lutherans, so that the last recorded Reformed communion was conducted by Pastor Voigt, May 31, 1857. The first church property consisted of a farm of thirty-eight acres, donated by Peter Bucher and Andrew Traff. In 1881 the Lutherans sold their interest in this farm to Samuel Eicher, and applied the pro- ceeds to the building of a new church, half a mile distant, on land donated by S$. H. Sparks. The corner stone of this sec- ond church was laid by Pastor David EKarhart, June 24, 1882; and the building was dedicated by the same pastor, May 20, 1883. It was built of frame, 32x48, and cost about $1,400. Lying directly across the Laurel Ridge from the strong Luth- eran settlements of Somerset County, the church was regu- larly served by the Bakersville pastors for a number years. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 921 Rev. Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Lange, a licensed candidate of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, living in Berlin, Pa., served the congregation from 1797 to 1811, when the Minis- terium refused to renew his license because of serious charges against his moral character. From 1814 to 1825 the congre- gation was supplied by Pastors Johann Karl Rebenach of Johnstown and John M. Steck of Greensburg. When Rev. Jonas Mechling became pastor of Donegal, he accepted the care of this congregation, and his first recorded communion service was held, July 6, 1828, when thirteen persons com- muned. This weakness of the congregation was due to its isolated position, making it impossible for the pastors to give it more than an occasional service, and also to the intense revival spirit that has always been characteristic of the re- ligious life of the Indian Creek Valley. Some of the strong- est Lutheran and Reformed families of the valley were swept away by this tidal wave of emotionalism. When Pastor Mechling resigned in 1848, the number of his regular com- municants had been increased to twenty-eight. During the latter part of his pastorate he introduced a certain amount of English preaching, but not enough to satisfy the demands; and his successor, Pastor J. J. Sutter, remained in the field but a year because the people regarded him as too German. In the early part of 1850 Rev. J. R. Focht took charge of the congregation, and did a good work by the introduction of an English constitution and the holding of meetings that coun- teracted the revivalism of the valley. Under his ministry the membership of the church was increased to fifty. In more re- cent years the congregation has lost heavily by the removal of some of its best families, but a remnant remains, true and loyal to the faith of their fathers. The following may be ac- cepted as a fairly accurate list of the pastorates: Rev. Anton Ulrich Lutge, 1788-1791; Rev. John M. Steck and Rev. Jo- hannes Stauch, (supplies) 1791-1796; Rev. J. F. W. Lange, 1797-1811; Rev. J. K. Rebenach and Rev. John M. Steck, (sup- plies) 1814-1825; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1825-1848; Rev. J. J. Sutter, 1848-1849; Rev. William Uhl, 1849; Rev. J. R. Focht, 1850-1853; Rev. W. H. Wynn, 1854-1856; Rev. George Gaumer, 1856-1868; Rev. J. S. Fink (supply), 1868; Rev. John Welfley, 1869-1875; Rev. David Earhart, 1876-1882; Supplhes. 1882-1885; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1885-1888; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1888-1894; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1894-1895; Rev. J. A. _Boord, 1895-1898; Rev. D. W. Michael, 1898-1901; Rev. J. O. Glenn, 1901-1905; Rev. Jesse Dunn, 1905-1908; Rev. D. L. Miller, 1909-1913; Rev. Jesse Dunn (second term), 1913-. 522 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH MORRIS CROSS ROADS, PA. In early years all Lutheran families of this vicinity at- tended services at Jacobs Church. With the coming of Rev. J. K. Melhorn in 1852, a movement was started looking to the organization of a local congregation. The erection of a house of worship was undertaken first, and the church was dedi- cated as St. John’s, August 27, 1854. It was a plain brick building, 36x50, costing but $1,200, but it has met the needs of the community for more than sixty years. Since Pastor Melhorn was a member of the Ohio Synod at the time, the dedicatory sermon was preached by Doctor Emanuel Greena- wald. A congregation of twenty members was. organized, June 14, 1856, and a charter obtained in the same year. The first constitution was not adopted until June 11, 1859, when a Church Council was elected, consisting of M. B. Baker, Con- rad A. Emery, Joseph Bowers, George Baker, and Joseph Lyons. Pastor Melhorn did faithful work, preaching every two weeks in all kinds of weather, and was able to report a communing membership of 61 at the time of his resignation, June 1, 1865. Another long pastorate was that of Doctor W. O. Wilson, who served them at two different periods, 1873- 1885, and 1886-1892. In 1881, during his first pastorate, five acres were purchased from J. A. Lyons for $600, which were laid out as a cemetery. The church charter was then amended so as to enable the church officers to manage this cemetery. In 1886 St. John’s was made a part of the Cheat River Mission of the Pittsburgh Synod. As the Cheat River missionary, Doctor Wilson began the work which issued in the organiza- tion of St. Paul’s Church of Morgantown and Trinity Church of Cheat Haven. After his resignation in 1892 he still supplied St. John’s Church as desired. *In June, 1897, Mr. C. E. Dozer of Mount Airy Seminary, Philadelphia, supplied St. John’s in connection with the Cheat Haven Mision, which Rev. Doctor Wilson had organized in 1894. Mr. Dozer served for three months. During the time he had charge, a resolution was adopted looking to the union of St. John’s and Cheat Haven as one congregation, but this action was afterwards rescinded. This latter action was the cause of the withdrawal of the members of St. John’s living in and near Cheat Haven, and led to their uniting with Trin- ity Evangelical Lutheran Church of that place.” Pastor Ira M. Wallace served St. John’s in connection . with Morgantown, 1897-1900, during which the church was 5—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 247. HISTORY OF THE, PITTSBURGH SYNOD aes reorganized. After his resignation the congregation was sup- plied for a time by Pastor Melhorn. Since 1903 the congre- gation has been under the care of the pastors of Jacobs Church, but the limited number of members remaining has made it difficult to sustain interest. The pastors in their order were: Rev. J. K. Melhorn, 1856-1865; Rev. Henry Acker, 1866-1873; Rev. W. O. Wilson, D.D., 1873-1892; Sup- plies, 1892-1897; Rev: I: M. Wallace, Ph.D., 1897-1900; Rev. J. K. Melhorn (supply), 1901-1902; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1903- PO aR eves eee DOOL(ML UsLaLorwy evil), ome Miler. (Second tevin) 1914-1917 -7ReveGee ls Hunt, 918-1923; Rev. ) MM. L: Peter, 1923-. CHRIST EVANGELICAT, LUTHERAN CHURCH CHAY IK ELLE lot aX’ Soon after Rev. A. H. Waters became superintendent of the Jumonville Orphanage, he was urged by John Menhart of Chalk Hill to hold services in that community. He accepted the invitation and preached in the school house for several years, accepting no support save the offerings of the people. The congregation was regularly organized in 1875. With the exception of occasional supplies the only pastors of this con- gregation for the first 36 years were Pastor A. H. Waters and Pastor John A. Waters. Three acres of ground were pur- chased for a cemetery in 1894, and here Pastor John A Waters was buried, October 20, 1922. After the purchase of the burial ground, a small frame church was built at a cost of $1,500. The corner stone was laid, July 14, 1895, and the church dedi- cated, October 11, 1895. This church must not be confused with Zion Church of Jumonville, which was organized by Pastor Asa H. Waters, April 16, 1881, and served by him and Pastor J. A. Waters until the closing of the orphanage in 1911. Under the devoted care of the first pastors, Christ Church of Chalk Hill became a congregation of 84 members. After the resignation of Pastor John A. Waters the church was served for three years by Pastor J. A. Boord as a part of the large and unwieldy Westmoreland-Fayette Parish. Since 1914 serv- ices have been held every two weeks in the afternoon by the pastors of St. Paul’s Church, Uniontown. The congregation was incorporated in 1895, and admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1896. The pastorates were the following: Rev. A. FIP diene eia/o2laoo Rey ajaasyVatcres Sole LOliesRey a] aA. Boordat9l Iolo l4-sRev JAS Yount,- 191471917 Rev. Re H. Williams, 1917-1920; Rev. H. H. Will, 1920-. 524 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD S Pa JOHN SH VANGELIGATAUU THERAN: CEURE TH CONNELLSVILLE, PA. Zachariah Connell, founder of this city, came to this com- munity in 1770, but no Lutheran Church was established here until more than a century later. The reason for this is that the original population was either English or Scotch-Irish, and few Germans made it their home. Now and then a Luth- eran family from Somerset County would move into the town, but never in such numbers as to warrant the organization of a church. About the year 18/0 a number of Germans came from West Newton to Connellsville, seeking employment in the B. & O. shops. Their pastor in West Newton was Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, who organized them into a congregation in November, 1871. Among the original members were Jacob Siller, John Hetzel, Sr., Conrad Otto, Henry ‘Meister, Chris- tian Schneider, Jacob Scheibel, and John Wilhelm. The first services were held in Odd Fellows Hall, but this soon proved unsatisfactory, and the old stone church of the Disciples on South alley was bought for $3,000 and fitted up as a place of worship. The date of rededication is not given in the synodi- cal record, but the congregation was admitted to the Pitts- burgh Synod in 1872. Pastor Lemcke served the congregation in connection with West Newton, 1871-1877, and Pastor Philip Doerr rendered similar service, 1878-1881, after which St. John’s called a pastor of her own. The first pastor under the new arrangement was Rev. W. A. C. Mueller, who served from 1881 to 1884, building up a congregation of 229 members and sustaining a vigorous English Sunday School. During the pastorate of Rev. C. F. Tiemann large numbers of German coal miners came into the coke region, and the congregation increased to 400 members. It was during this time that the English element of the congregation withdrew and formed Trinity Church. The next pastors were Rev. G. A. Firgau, 1889-1892, and Rev. Philip Lamerdin, 1893-1894. The last named is remembered in the community as the pastor of the exodus. He began his work at a time of serious labor trouble, and, in the hope of bettering the condition of his people, led a colony into the woods of Wisconsin. The colonists found little but labor and privation in their new homes, and nearly all returned to the coke region in less than two years. The next pastors were Rev. Ludwig O. Hammer, 1894-1897, and Rev. G. L. Lohman, 1897-1904. Pastor Lohman was a vigor- ous leader, and soon persuaded the people to rebuild their church. This was done in such a manner that the stone walls of the old church may yet be seen on the east and west sides. A new front was built, with a high tower, and the interior HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 525 was changed to conform to Lutheran usage. The corner stone of this new church was laid, September 4, 1901, and the com- pleted building dedicated by Pastor Lohman, August, 1902. The cost of this improvement was about $15,000, a large part of which was raised during the pastorate of Rev. George Dietz. Surmounting the tower is a large electric cross, which can be seen from quite a distance at night. In the early his- tory of the congregation a parsonage was secured in East ‘Crawford Avenue, but this was sold to Jacob Brickmann and the parsonage adjoining the church secured. Services are conducted every Sunday morning in German, and are attended by people from many towns in the northern end of the county. The confirmed membership in 1923 was 498, and the property valued at $14,000. The pastors in consecutive order were: Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, 1871-1877; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1878-1881 ; Rev. W. A. C. Mueller, 1881-1884; Rev. C. F. Tiemann, 1884- 1889; Rev. G. A. Firgau, 1889-1892; Rev. Philip Lamerdin, 1893-1894; Rev. L. O. Hammer, 1894-1897; Rev. G. L. Lohman, 1897-1904; Rev. George Dietz, 1905-. LRINERY SE VANGELIGAL. LULHERAN.) CHURCH CONNEDLS VILLE; PA: The beginnings of Trinity Church are traceable to the vigorous English Sunday School, connected with St. John’s Church during the first ten years of her history. Many Connellsville chil- dren, regardless of the a church affiliations of their’ parents, attended thissischool sand: Ynoty a few of them in later years became members of the Lutheran Church. Dur- ing the same _ period English services were held in St. John’s ‘every alternate Sunday eve- ning; these were attend- ed by English Lutherans, who moved to Connells- ville from the neighbor- LUG ing counties of Somer- ued see eC set and Westmoreland. This arrangement con- @ —— a J | RT] ee] Se eee <)}- Lea aR (eo a ———o. Sy 526 HISTORY (OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD tinued until 1884, when the more conservative Germans began to object to the prominence given to English work, and this naturally resulted in the withdrawal of the entire English element and the organization of Trinity Church. The leader of these English Lutherans was B. F. Boyts, who invited the people to meet in his Peach street home, where a letter to the president of the Somerset Conference of the Alleghany Synod was written, ask- ing for help in the organization of a church. Pastor J. F. Shearer of Somerset was sent in response to their request, and a congregation was organized by him in a vacant store room on North Pittsburgh street, September 16, 1884, which was named ‘Trinity in honor of the church served by the founder. The first church officers were B. F. Boyts, W. E. Boyts, Henry Brumgard, and Solomon W. Frye. B. F. Boyts was elected treasurer ,and continued to fill that office until the day of his death in 1911, serving with a fidelity that earned for him the confidence and affection of the entire congregation. No bill was ever presented without being promptly paid, even though the treasurer had to advance hundreds of dollars from his own purse. Older members of Trinity have told how Mr. Boyts would take his broom under his arm and go to the store room, where he would sweep and clean the place tor worship and then invite the children of the street to attend his Sunday School. This remarkable man had a conviction that all action by the congregation should be unanimous, and this principle was never violated during his 27 years in Trinity. While only nine persons signed the petition for a charter, at least a score of others were interested in the establishment of the congregation from the be- ginning. The congregation was admitted to the Alleghany Syn- od, and was not transferred to the Pittsburgh Synod until 1891. Mission aid was generously given by the General Synod Board until self-support was reached, May 27, 1900. The site of the first church building was on East Apple street, where the Pennsylvania freight station now stands. It was bought from J. R. Balsley for $3,700. Here a brick church was erected at a cost of $9,153, but only the chapel was finished. This chapel was dedicated by Pastor L. L. Sieber, March 6, 1887, but a debt of $7,711 remained to vex the congregation for many years. All sorts of devices were employed by the mission to raise money, and the last of the debt was not paid until 1905. The second pastor of the mission was Doctor Upton A. Hankey, who endeared himself greatly to the congregation, but was fin- ally compelled to resign because of ill health. The third pastor was Doctor Ellis B. Burgess, who came to Connellsville on Decoration Day of 1895. His first concern was not the debt but the unfinished church, A fund of $4,085 was quickly raised, and the completed church was dedicated, December 8, 1895. Andrew HIStOKyY Orr rib PreTsBURGH SY NOD Oak Carnegie gave the pastor the privilege of selecting any pipe organ that he considered suitable for the church; and the privilege was used but not abused. With the new equipment the intensive work of building up a congregation was then carefully organ- ized. ‘The chief stress was laid upon the spiritual interests of the children of Trinity; and the cradle roll.of the Sunday School sometimes numbered as many as 186, every:one of whom was a baptized Lutheran. This work among the children meant a growing Sunday School, which for several years was the largest and best organized in Fayette County. The catechetical classes were uniformly large; and the congregation increased to more than one thousand members in 1919. The increasing membership soon demanded a larger church; and the decision was made to buy a new site and build a large church of native stone. This decision was reached unanimously, for the congre- gation had an unbroken rule that there must be no negative votes upon any question. A lot on the corner of East Fairview and Carnegie avenues was bought for $12,500; and here a large stone church was built at a cost of $75,000. The corner stone was laid, July 3, 1910, and the church dedicated, September 10, 1911. One of the features of the church is its resurrection chancel, admired by many; another is the massive corner tower, equipped with the H. C. Frick chimes, containing 19,000 pounds of bronze. These chimes are said to be the finest Lutheran chimes in Ameri- ca. The old Apple street property was sold for $10,000, and the debt reduced to $15,000 in 1918. After the resignation of the pastor, January 1, 1920, a parsonage on East Patterson avenue was bought for $6,500, and the two properties in the rear of the church for $5,600, but all this added debt as well as the old debt was paid during the pastorate of Dr. W. H. Hetrick. The fin- ancial successes of Trinity during the last five years have re- vealed her great strength and given promise of greater achieve- ments to come. ‘The pastorates in their order have been as fol- lows: Rev. L. L. Sieber, D. D., 1884-1890; Rev. U. A. Hankey, D. D., 1890-1894; Rev. E. B. Burgess, D. D., 1895-1920; Rev. Weeetteeltetricke.). 719202. Slee Ou ete re CAT Ui hRAIN CHURCH UNIONTOWN, PA. When Rev. Asa H. Waters moved to Uniontown in 1866, in order to open the Jumonville Orphanage, he knew of only one other Lutheran family in the town—that of Michael D. Baker. These two men agreed that a Lutheran Church should be or- ganized as soon as a proper nucleus could be secured. With this end in view Rev. Waters bought a lot on North Gallatin avenue for $1;500, and held it in trust for a church. A commit- 528 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD --tee of the Southern : EG 2 : Conference, Rev. J. A. et : ee, Newer oe i Boord and G. W. Braw- le Mra et ner, canvassed the town ; =2NI8 in 1884 and_ learned that there were at least 17 Lutherans ready to enter an organization. Occasional services were held for them by Rey. Asa H. Waters, and the Pittsburgh Synod agreed to extend missionary aid. In the meantime, Pastor L,. L. Sieber of Connells- ville, hearing that there were General Synod Lu- therans in Uniontown who wanted a_ church, visited the field and held services. The question of synodical relations was finally settled by the people, who voted by a small majority to form an organization in connection with the General Council. This organization was effected with 41 members, December 18, 1885. The first officers were G. W. Brawner, Henry Lape, J. Harry Johnston, Michael D. Baker, Amos Pickard, Ira Partridge, Quincy Partridge, and John Reichstein. In order that Rev. John A. Waters might give all his time to the development of this field, the missionary appro- priation of the synod was raised to $500. Rev. Asa H. Waters then transferred the North Gallatin avenue property to St. Paul’s at cost, $1,500, and plans were made to build. The corner stone was laid, July 24, 1887, and the building dedicated by Pastor John A. Waters, April 29, 1888. The cost of this brick church was $7,268, in addition to the cost of the lot. The Sunday School was organized with 20 members, January 3, 1886, Pastor Waters serving as superintendent. One of the things that contributed much to the early success of the mission was its strong choir. The family of Michael D. Baker was large and musical, furnishing a tenor, soprano and .alto, and when J. Harry Johnston added his bass the choir was complete. The services of the church were always well rendered. With a steady growth St. Paul’s Church reached self-support in thirteen years. The church mortgage was publicly burned, February 28, 1900, and the ashes kept for many years beneath the silver bowl of the font. During the pastorate of Rev. J. A. Yount, a movement in the direction of a larger church was begun. Pastor Here W/\ e | ; fs HL HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 529 Yount bought the brick house adjoining the church for $9,000, and transferred it to the trustees for the same price in 1917. The old church was removed to the rear of the lot, and the base- ment arranged for Sunday School work, at a total cost of $7,000. The high cost of building materials after the war checked the building ardor of the congregation for a time, but the coming of Pastor H. H. Will.in 1920 brought the energy needed to carry out their plans. The corner stone of the church was laid, November 26, 1922, and the building dedicated by Pastor Will, May 18, 1924. It was built of brick and stone, English Gothic in style, at a cost of $85,000, and is regarded as one of the model churches of the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The pactoromweres Nevins Ay, VWatcrs, (1685-169076" Rev.) Alired Ramsey, 1890-1896; Rev. G. J. Gongaware, 1896-1901; Rev. EK. A. Trabert, 1901-1906; Rev. I. K. Wismer, 1906-1913; Rev. J. A. Yount, 1913-1917; Rev. Rr H. Williams, 1917-1920: Reve te Wills L920=: PRINT TY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH GEE ATS ELAN IGN se Ate A Sunday School was organized in this community by John W. Bowers, May 27, 1894, which ministered so helpfully to the spiritual life of the community that the people decided to build a permanent chapel. This chapel was dedicated by Pastors W. O. Wilson and J. K. Melhorn, September 20, 1896. ‘Student C. FE. Dozer served the mission in connection with St. John’s Church during the summer of 1897, and Pastor Ira M. Wallace succeeded him, September °19, 1897.’ At first, St. John’s recognized the mission as a part of itself, but the re- scinding of this action led the Cheat Haven Lutherans to or- ganize a congregation of eleven members, January 2, 1898. John W. Bowers, George W. Baker, John Gibson, and William Emery were the first officers. Joseph Lyons and Judson Mor- gan were later added to the council. A charter was obtained in 1900. A church bell was donated by J. J. Gibson and P. H. Conley, which was rung for the first time on Christmas of 1900. Doctor W. O. Wilson served the mission without compensa- tion until he retired from active ministry in 1904. At that time the congregation enrolled 32 communing members, and 68 chil- dren attended the Sunday School. It is now served by the pas- tors of Jacobs Parish. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. W. O. Wilson, D.D., 1898-1904; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1904-1910; Rev. J. A. Boord, 1910-1913; Rev. D. D. Miller (sec- ond term), 1914-1917; Rev. C. L. Hunt, 1918-1923; Rev. M..L. Peter, 1923-. v% 2 | bec i ie ran ' o- , r — ay 3 oe he i rt As J ‘ *s 7) hg -4 vs | ’ ’ at i aT { os . 4" c y ‘i Ps vi a \ ( Ly set wee sa r } acal 2 { ' 4 t i PVs ‘1 « aa ’ , } ye J j rety oh \- 4 ‘) | } ac | tose ie * foe Tey i AGE ce ro a) val i j ' ” saat eens Cia ‘, He bis ve vee. a pgT sh Ba en cat "eae 4af PN ry, eG a at rset : Pes py 1" } » SORE ak: : + se : z, Tia 2.4 a We 4: be y Tole if ah ee lw Tif tebe “ey rcs

    icieh pk Sha Ne : bhi : j é ; Sfra my ’ ‘ ‘; Risa ras ane t ; vay ‘<7 " = j a eae a Cee... Se i vv str: re ee Rene b ‘ ‘Ey. ive \ i if rah ere, Pe ks Ki - yi +3 cic i ‘% Arto | 3/3 Ee rv mS) 4 : | ss : ’ J Aas ; Es #4 ” : *. 7 a, HE edewGest Sa i patie Ogre ice mae *s 1 ea! : bt . (gti ( use; Erp? hy Say arian “se , eA * J & 5 a) \ % a | h ste ie at * 4 ar cA. ri r y Wh} far Ray ti ihe oie oy - fe az we ; : P : LP ie yee ate * Fak ‘ i iy) bie Me ‘ . ed 43 Ps ea i 4 . Ady 39 i, Bhar Thee re ‘ ri: : q j Magy Pere? 27 Alpen) ats SROs yates frag’ TNE j i ' on y arte phy rit cedars ao) ae ( ty. 6.7} ne a path re v hae y - ‘ ss iv? oe 2 ° f ae : 4 ve 2 — 4 2 ad ve; * ‘ é ‘ Chek foe fas) 4 a tial +, (AULT eee oe 5 (mA ! ag} 0 bey Pi A. J h, : al" Soh a eee | 7% » 3h tz} Cat in of ri oS ite a 7, ivy Paes, er Crk > sf; ‘ . ' a a? hoe =| “4 : Ll) ee le At : . pie) ent, \ Vis »,-™ i be e fy./ Aides * ‘i eae as be vi as ‘ Ve 4 f ; ba P ee Ca i iw lok See ae ee CHAPTER XVI CHURCHES OF INDIANA COUNTY 1798-1924 “Be glad then ye children of Zion, and rejoice in the Lord your God.” (rN of the first white men to set foot on Indiana G) County soil was Conrad Weiser, a Lutheran from cs the Tulpehocken Valley, who came to the Forks of the Ohio in 1748 as the representative of Gov- ernor Penn. Those who followed him in later years were Scotch-Irish from the Cumberland Val- ley, whose descendants today constitute the greater part of the population of this county. The treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768 transferred to the proprietaries of Pennsylvania that part of the county lands lying south of the Cherry Tree-Kittanning line, leaving the northern part in the possession of the Iroquois until 1784. It was but natural that the early settlers should pre- fer to take up their land as far from the Indian line as possible ; and the southern counties therefore obtained the larger part of the first Lutheran immigrants. The first part of the county to be settled was that in the vicinity of Indiana, since the land was free from heavy timber, and covered with a rich growth of prairie grass which made splendid hay for the cattle. The leading Lutheran pioneer of the county was Conrad Reis, who came to the vicinity of Indiana in 1794 or 1795. Other German families joined him in their quest for western land, some of whom settled near him, and others in Germany and Brush Val- ley townships.. The greater part of these Germans came from Berks, Northampton, Lancaster, and Cumberland counties in eastern Pennsylvania. The German settlers of the northern end of the county did not come until later. Up until the year 1827, all Lutheran services in the county were conducted in German ; in that year Pastor N. G. Scharretts introduced English into the Indiana, Brush Valley, and Germany Township services, and organized in Blairsville the first purely English Lutheran Church west of the Allegheny Mountains. In the year of the synodical merger the German language was unknown in any Otithe; Lutheran churches of the county. In 1919 all these churches, except the one in Saltsburg and a Swedish congrega- tion, were in the fellowship of the General Synod. The reason for this is found in the fact that all the Indiana County chy HISTORYAOF THESPIUTSBURCH-SYNOD churches of 1867 were cared for by pastors of the Alleghany Synod, which remained in the General Synod. In 1887 these churches were transferred to the Pittsburgh Synod of the Gen- eral Synod, in order to give that body sufficient strength to place a salaried missionary superintendent in the field. The Presbyterians and Methodists are the leading Protestant bodies of Indiana County; but the Lutherans have been no small fac- tor in shaping and directing its religious life. In 1919 there were 18 churches with 2,386 members in the county, all but one of which was connected with the Pittsburgh Synod. One of the hardest Lutheran problems of this county has been the care of the rural parishes. There has been such a “steady stream flowing from these country churches into the cities and towns that some of the oldest congregations are threatened with extinction. Their loss is the gain chiefly of the great and growing congregation in Indiana. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH INDIANA, PA. The decisive victory of General Anthony Wayne over the Indians at the battle of Fallen Timbers, August 20, 1794, made western Pennsylvania a comparatively safe place for settlement, and a number ot Pennsylvania Germans of Lutheran faith availed themselves of the privilege. Among those who settled in the neighborhood of In- diana in 1794 or 1795, were Conrad Reis, Adam Row, Andrew Bates, Christian Rugh, Michael: Hess, (John "Hahnaeane Gottfried Klingenberger. Preeminent among these pioneers was _ Conrad Reis, whose _ hospitable home was the _ rallying center for all the Luth- erans of the community. The travelling -preachers, sent out by the- eastern synods to explore the field, never failed to renew their _ spiritual foyer SSIe}] AVS (e=ar —— a 7 IA JOE a: a’ strength before his fami- ¢ 4 H ae ly altar’ From 1798 to “@) 1806 Rev. John Michael HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 2308 Steck of Greensburg preached in his home four times a year; during pleasant weather these services would be held in the barn. Pastor Steck was a busy man in those days, having no less than a score of preaching stations in addition to the four churches of his central parish, and those who could secure his services once every four months considered themselves fortun- ate. From 1806 to 1813 he was able to preach at Indiana but once a year. By this time a number of other German families had settled in the county, and more frequent services were de- manded. In 1813 they were visited by Rev. Johann Gottfried | Lamprecht, a graduate of the Gymnasium of Goettingen, Ger- many, and his services were so acceptable that they asked him to become their pastor. The first official record of Zion Church was opened by him in 1813, and the regularity of the baptismal records would indicate that he preached for the congregation every four weeks. He preached in the Rupp settlement of Armstrong County, the Addison settlement of Somerset County and the Brush Valley settlement of Indiana County at the same time. He effected the regular organization of Zion Church in 1813, with a membership of not more than:twenty-four. Conrad Reis and Christian Rugh were the first elders; Michael Hess and John Fahr were the first. deacons. In 1813. Conrad Reis donated three acres of ground to the German Lutheran and Reformed congregations for church and burial purposes for a consideration of $1.50, “so long as the sun and moon shall shine’. For some reason this ground was never used for build- ing purposes, but it is still legally the property of the congrega- tion. Pastor Lamprecht came to Indiana as an “independent”’ preacher, but this did not altogether satisty the Lutheran people, and he therefore applied to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for membership. The Ministerium, after an examination, de- cided “to have nothing. to do with him,” and after that his name disappears. from the records of the Lutheran churches of western Pennsylvania. His, last entry in Zion Church. Record bears the date, May 15, 1815. From 1815 to 1822 the congre- gation was without the services of a regular pastor; in 1817 an impostor named Hoover preached for them; in 1818 Pastor John M. Steck visited them; in 1819 and 1820 Pastor Schulze of Johnstown gave them an occasional sermon. ‘The name of Rev. John Adam Mohler of Armstrong County also appears on the record during this period. It was a time of patient waiting on the part of the congregation, but the dawn of a better day was at hand. In 1822 the Ministerium of Pennsylvania commis- sioned Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert as “travelling preacher” for western Pennsylvania. In his private diary he says: ““With God I left Lancaster, July 14,1822, visiting the counties. of Lan- caster, Perry, Huntingdon, Indiana, Venango, and. Erie, the 534 HISTORY OF THE PIDISBURGH SYNOD western part of New York, the northern part of Pennsylvania, Tioga, Center, Columbia and Luzerne counties, having preached 51 times, baptized 61, administered the sacrament to 59, travel- ling 1,320 miles and occupying three months.” The Indiana Church received great benefit from this visi- tation, and thirty-five persons were present at the communion service which he conducted for them. When he was reappointed for this work by the Ministerium in the following year, he made Indiana his place of residence. He was married to Miss Lydia Tyson of Brush Valley, September 16, 1823, riding on horse- back with his bride all the way to Clarion County, in order to be married by Pastor Koch of the German Reformed Church. Pas- tor Reichert served the congregation from 1822 to 1826, resign- ing only because the young people asked for more English ser- vices than he was able to supply. In 1822 he organized the first Sunday School of Indiana County, auxiliary to the American Sunday School Union. The first sessions were held in the court house, the Presbyterians, United Presbyterians, Methodists, and Lutherans co-operating. In 1830 it was removed to the newly- finished basement of Zion Church. In course of time the other cooperating churches withdrew and formed schools of their own; but the original organization remains as the Sunday School of Zion Church. In 1826 Rev. Nicholas G. Scharretts was licensed and commissioned as “travelling preacher” by the West Penn- sylvania Synod. He visited the counties of Indiana, Clearfield, Jefferson, Venango, Crawford, Erie, and Huntingdon; but the Indiana Church was so much pleased with his services that he was urged to become their pastor. He accepted this call in the summer of 1827, and served Indiana, Blairsville, and Brush Val- ley for more than 9 years, refusing a number of calls from other and more prominent parishes, and closing his pastorate only in death, December 31, 1836. He was a man of rich endowments and fervent piety, and the impressions of his first sermon never abated. He made friends not only among the loyal Germans of the congregation, but also among the English speaking people of the community, drawing many of the latter into the fellowship of his churches. When the West Pennsylvania Synod met in Zion Church in October of 1831, the ordination services were conducted in English for the first time in the history of that body, in order that all the English Lutherans of Indiana could understand them. The public services of Zion were held in the home of Conrad Reis until 1829, when the court house was rented. Banished from this place of worship after a few months of highly successful work, the congregation determined to build a church of their own. A lot was purchased from Adam Alte- mus, March 22, 1830, for a consideration of $100, and the work HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 535 of building begun soon thereafter. The trustees of the congre- gation at this time were Conrad Reis, Samuel Guest, and James Stewart. On Sunday morning, October 9, 1831, the building was solemnly dedicated by Doctor Samuel S. Schmucker, under the name of “Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church’. The West Pennsylvania Synod was in session in the church at the time, and the presence of eighteen visiting pastors added much to the impressiveness of the service. “This church was a brick building, 42 x 40, with basement, vestibule, gallery, cupola and bell, and cost about $3,000.” When Pastor Nicholas G. Scharretts died, his bodly was interred at the doorway of this church, where it remained until 1878, when it was exhumed and laid beside that of his wife in Oakland Cemetery. Pastor Scharrett’s suc- cessor was Rev. Jacob Medtart, who served from March 1, 1838, to March 1, 1843. In 1841 Rev. John H. Bernheim of Elderton asked permission to hold occasional services for the Germans of the congregation. This request was granted, but the visiting pastor organized these Germans into a second con- gregation on the occasion of his second visit. When Zion Church protested this action to the West Pennsylvania Synod, Rev. Bernheim was deeply offended and united with the Joint Synod of Ohio. This German church maintained a feeble and checkered existence for a number of years, being served by pas- tors of both the Pittsburgh and Ohio Synods, losing one church by a sheriff’s sale and later erecting another, but was finally ab- sorbed by Zion. During the pastorate of Kev. Bishop a parson- age was built on the corner of Church and Clymer streets at a cost of $1,500. The pastorate of Rev. Emery was marked by large accessions to the membership, with the result that the church was enabled to support a pastor of its own for the first time. On New Year’s Day of 1865 Rev. Augustus Clemens Ehrenfeld became pastor. Under his ministry the congregation was greatly developed, especially in the grace of liberality. Ex- tensive repairs were made to both church and parsonage at a cost of $6,000. The memory of his godly life and example is cher- ished in many of the homes in Indiana to this day. He resigned, October 1, 1875, but continued to reside in the town until his death, March 10, 1897. Rev. Charles T. Steck served the church from January 8, 1876, to January 3, 1878; and Rev. Peter G. Bell from October 1, 1878, to October 1, 1882. Scarcely had the pastorate of Rev. Bell fairly begun, when the women of Zion inaugurated a movement for the building of a new church. They held a meeting, August 2, 1879, and appointed a committee of four to wait upon the officers of the church. When the com- mittee appeared before that body, they received little encourage- ment from any of its members except the pastor. Nothing daunted they organized a Ladies’ Aid Society and proceeded to PASTOR NICHOLAS GAUGLER SCHARRETTS HISTORY OFeli Berl PSB RCH SYNOD 937 raise a building fund. Mother Reis headed their solicitation list with a subscription of $100, and others followed her ex- ample, so that the Church Council repented of its apathy and led the work of rebuilding. The old church was razed and the parsonage removed to its site; then a brick church was erected on the corner at a cost of $10,000. This church was dedicated, January 9, 1881, Doctor F. W. Conrad preaching the sermon and soliciting every dollar needed to meet the remaining indebtedness. While the work of building progressed, services were held in the Episcopal Church. After the resignation of Pastor Bell the church was supplied. for two years by Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld. The next regular pastor was Rev. Lewis Hay, D. D., who com- pleted the most noteworthy pastorate in the history of the con- gregation. Called from Leechburg, May 1, 1884, he served the people of Zion until death, August 20, 1915. To Doctor Hay was given a commanding position in the religious life of this community such as few men enjoyed. ‘This position of vantage enabled him to develop Zion Church into one of the strongest congregations of the synod. This work was made easier by the fact that he served here at a time when many mem- bers of rural churches were moving into Indiana and making it their permanent home. ‘The parsonage on Sixth street was erected during his pastorate; and improvements to the value of several thousand dollars were made to the church. Pastor Hay’s successor was Pastor EF. M. Gearhart, who served from ApiileelolomtosViarch lr 1OZ25 During) his pastorate there was a large increase in the membership of the congregation. A movement was also begun for the erection of a more com- modious church, and a large subscription list secured; but there were sharp differences of opinion as to whether a new church should be erected on the Conrad Reis property of the congre- gation, or the old church enlarged. and the matter was indef- nitely postponed. The successor of Doctor Gearhart was Doctor Joseph Baer Baker, who began his work in the parish, August 16, 1922.. As soon as he was settled in the field he took up the building propo- sition in earnest, and it was decided to raze the old church and erect a large stone church on the same site. An intensive finan- cial campaign yielded more than $100,000, and the contract was let for the construction of a steel-framed, stone-veneered Gothic church at $159,000. When the church was completed, it was found that the total cost was $225,000. ‘The beautiful building was dedicated by Pastor J. B. Baker, June 8, 1924. A consecu- tive list of the pastorates of Zion follows: Rev. J. G. Lamprecht, 1813-1815; Supplies, 1815-1822; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1822- 1826; Rev. N. G. Scharretts, 1826-1836; Rev. Jacob Med- 538 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD tart, 1838-1843; Rev. Henry Bishop, 1843-1849; Rev. C. J. Deininger, 1850-1852; Rev. Peter Sahm, D. D., 1853-1858; Rev. W. S. Emery, 1858-1862; Rev. J. P. Hentz, 1862-1864; Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld, 1865-1875; Rev. C. T. Steck, 1876-1878; Rev. P. G. Bell, 1878-1882; Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld (supply), 1882-1884; Rev. Lewis Hay, D. D., 1884-1915; Rev. E. M. Gearhart, D:-D., 1916-19223) Rey {| By Baker D. Dio2Z2 EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BRUSH VALLEY TOWNSHIP INDIANA COUN LY tras This is one of the two oldest Lutheran congregations of this county. The Brush Valley settlement was made about the same time as that of Indiana. The two settlements were closely related, and Brush Valley pioneers thought it no hard- ship to journey to the home of Conrad Reis at Indiana four times a year to attend the services of Pastor John M. Steck. When Rev. J. G. Lamprecht came to Indiana as an independent preacher in 1813, he began to hold services in Brush Valley, chiefly at the home of Peter Frey, adjoining the present church property. From 1819 to 1821 they were visited regularly by Wilhelm Schulze of Johnstown, and it is to him that the or- ganization is usually credited, since the first log church was built in 1820 or 1821. This was the first church built by the Lutherans of this county and was generally known as “Frey’s Meeting House”. The deed for the church ground was dated, January 26, 1822, which would indicate that there was a pro- visional organization here before the coming of Pastor G. A. Reichert. This pastor visited the settlement for the first time in the summer of 1822, serving as a travelling missionary of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. When he became pastor at Indiana, Brush Valley was one of his regular appointments. His first class of catechumens of the Brush Valley Church was confirmed, January 11, 1823, and included Miss Lydia Tyson, who. became his bride, September 16, 1823. The congregation — was fully organized by Pastor Reichert, November 1, 1822, and the first communion service held, January 12, 1823. The following family names appear in the first lists of communi- cants: Fetterman, Soryer, Strong, Roser, Brown Tyson, Hartz, Bauer, DeArmy, Stephen, Keller, Laumann, Howard, Dunkel, Coy, Nast, Kramer, Weik, Empfield, Mardus, and Loemann. The confirmation of forty-four young people at one time is an evidence of the deep spiritual life of the pio- neers, and also teaches how the pioneer pastors rendered their best service. Not so much by preaching as by teaching, they won the hearts of the people and laid the strong foundations HISTORY OF THE: PITTSBURGH SYNOD 539 of their churches. At this time Brush Valley Church was the strongest in the great parish of Pastor Reichert, but it must be remembered that the German pioneers travelled many miles in order to receive the sacrament in the language dear fomtietrehcartss | astor, heichert) conducted alliservices. in German, but his immediate successor introduced English, and in less than fifty years all the German had been eliminated. During the pastorate of Rev. Henry Bishop, a frame church, 40x50, was erected in the old grave yard, a short distance east of the present church. The building committee consisted of Sam- uel Golden, Jacob DeArmy, Nicolas Altemus, Adam George, and Jacob Shultz. It was dedicated by Pastor Bishop in 1845. iihesthirdechurch was dedicated* by Pastor M:; ©. (i. Sahm, October 15, 1882. The cost of this church was $1,160, and its construction was superintended by Rev. P. G. Bell of Indiana. During the last fifty years there has been a steady decline in the membership of this congregation, largely because of the removal of many people from the farms to the city. The low salary paid by the parish had also not a little to do with this decline. For a number of years Brush Valley and Strongs- town constituted a parish, and there was not enough financial strength in the congregations to keep a minister. Efforts were made by the synodical authorities to establish a church at Wehrum, and later at Josephine, but both efforts failed, and these failures meant the serious isolation of Brush Val- ley. Finally a congregational meeting was held, January 29, 1922, at which it was decided to seek readmission into Homer City Parish. Their desire was granted, and now there is hope for a stronger congregation in this community. The follow- ing pastors have served here: Rev. Wilhelm Schulze, 1819- 1821; Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1822-1826; Rev. N. G. Scharretts, 1827-1836; Rev. John Brown (supply), 1837; Rev. Jacob Med- tart, 1838-1842; Rev. David Adam, 1842- 1844; Rev. Henry Bis- hop, 1844-1849; Rev. C. J. Deininger, 1850-1852: Rev. Peter palin als). 1853- Soo ee Venv\y) Oe ueny., 1858- 1861; Rev. Henry Gathers (supply), 1861-1862; Rev. G. M. Settlemyer, 1862-1866; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld (supply), 1866-1868; Rev. S. P. Snyder, 1869-1874; Rev. I. B. Crist, 1874-1875; Rev. A. W. McCullough, 1876-1878; Rev. B. W. Tomlinson (supply), 1878; Rev. M. O. T. Sahm (supply), 1880-1882; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1883-1884; Rev. J. W. Reese, 1885-1889; Rev. J. W. Shaeffer, 1889-1891; Rev. W. G. Slonaker (supply), 1892; Rev. 5. V. Dye, 1893-1896; Rev. J. M. Hankey (supply), 1896-1897; Rev. Sea onauls (supply )§lo98; Rev Ja Ms Snyder, 1899-1905; ReviGet Day, 1908-1909. Rev. Pia) Tau, 1910-19171; Rev. J. A. Howe, 1912-1914; Supplies, 1914-1922; Rev. E. L. Ritchie, 1922-. 540 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH GERMANY TOWNSHIP, INDIANA COUNTY, PA. This section of Indiana County was settled by Scotch- Irish and Germans at an early period, with the first named in the majority. For a number of years the Lutheran Germans journeyed to the home of Conrad Reis in Indiana. to attend church sérvices.. It.i¢ to, besreeretted-, that:thes old: Charen Record has been lost, and that so little can be learned from tradition. It is known that the church was organized by Rev.. Gabriel Adam Reichert in the summer of 1822 with a mem- bership of ten families. The first services were held in an old: school house. Pastor Reichert served them faithfully from. 1822 to 1826, when he resigned because of inability to provide the English services demanded by the Indiana Church. The. . next pastor was Rev. Nicholas.G. Scharretts, who, gave them: regular services, but failed to increase the strength of. the. congregation. ‘lhe people wére greatly discouraged by the death of Pastor Scharretts, December 31, .1836, and were sat- isfied to live on supply preaching for the next twelve years, during which many of the people left the church and joined. the Presbyterians... They were rescued. by Doctor, Peter Sahm, who helped them to secure a lot from Peter Mikesell. and build a church. This church was built of brick.at a cost. of $1,800, because the greater part of the labor was donated. It was dedicated by Doctor Sahm, March 10, 1850. A new parish was formed in 1855, consisting of New Florence, New Derry, and Germany, and an appropriation of $50 was made by the Alleghany Synod toward the support of a pastor. In 1861 New Florence, Germany, Brush Valley and Strongstown were organized as a parish, but this arrangement was given up after a short trial. From 1892 to 1897 New Florence, Ger- many, and Morrellville constituted the Morrellville Parish of the Alleghany Synod. After the withdrawal of Morrellville in 1897, the New Florence Parish of the Pittsburgh Synod was increased until it included New Florence, Germany, Gar- field, and Lockport. The membership of this congregation has never been large, the pastor reporting 55 members in 1919. The following pastors have served here: Rev G. A. Reichert, 1822-1826; Rev. N. G. Scharretts, 1827-1836; Rev. John Brown (supply), 1837; Rev. Jacob Medtart, 1838-1839; Rev. Augus- tus Babb, D.D. (supply), 1839-1845; Rev. A. B. Bosserman (supply), . 1848-1850; Rev. Peter Sahm, D.D. (suply), 1850- 1852; Rev: G. M. Pile (supply), 1852; Rev. W. A. Kopp. (sup- ply ),-'1852-18535"Rev, > The following “pastors have» miniee tered to the Lutherans of this community: Rev. Johann Alt- haus, 1841-1842; Rev. J. D. Adam, 1842-1843; Rev. H. D. Keyl, (supply), 1843; Rev. J/°G. Donmeyer, 1843-18475" Revie Fhrenfeld, 1847-1849; Rev. G. M. Pile, 1851-1852; Rev. F. A. Barnitz, 1852-1854; Rev. Christian Diehl, 1854-1858; Rev. C. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 549 U. ptreamer, 1858-1869; Revs P..S. Hooper, 18/725. Rey..G, A. Lee, 1872-1874; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1874-1879; Rev. Ephraim Miller, D.D., 1879-1881; Rev. J. T. Gladhill, 1882-1885; Rev. (sel tieaten. (second tem ).al8S551897;, Rev, Maes. Kemp, 1897-1902; Rev. Shile Miller, 1902-1904; Rev. A. R. Long- anecker, 1905-1906; Rev. J. F. Stabley, 1906-1912; Rev. W. B. Claney, 1913; Rev. R. N. Stumpf, 1914-1918; Rev. R. R. Rich- ard, 1918-1920 ; Rev. Jo-My Axe}. 1921-1922. Rev. .W. S. Bon- nell, 1923-. SALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SMICKSBURG, PA. Smicksburg was laid out in 1825 by a German minister named Schmick. Lutheranism was established here at the same time, for the founder of the town was a pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsylvania. The first Lutheran families of the community travelled all the way to St. John’s Church near Plumville to attend services, except on such occasions when they could persuade Pastor Reichert to hold a service in one of their homes. Sometimes union serv- ices would be held in company with the members of other churches, when an itinerant preacher happened to pass that way. On July 13, 1854, Pastor Reichert held a service in Smicksburg, at which he baptized William, son of George and Katharina Stier; Angelina and Daniel, children of Joseph and Maria Black; George and Maria, children of Thomas and Re- becka Luckhard; and Rachel, daughter of David and Elizabeth Black. These were probably the first Lutheran ministerial acts performed in the town. On September 7, 1834, Pastor Reichert preached again in Smicksburg, but was compelled to hold the service in English in order that the people could un- derstand. In the spring of 1842 Rev. Jacob Medtart began to hold regular services in Smicksburg, and Salem Church was organized by him, May 28, 1842. Thirteen of the original twenty-one members came from St. John’s. These members were: Black, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Lowe, Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius Condron, Mr. and Mrs: Jacob Miller, Mr. and Mrs. John, Sr. Crissman, Mrs. Eliza Mogle, Mr. and Mrs. Adam Good, Mrs. A. M. M. : Roush, Henry Hoover, Samuel Roush, Mrs. Henry Hoover, John Stear, Mr. and Mrs. John, Sr. Hoover, Absalom Stear, Mr. and Mrs. George, Sr. Jacob Condron, Cornelius Lowe, and Joseph Black con- stituted the first Church Council. Pastor Medtart preached for the new church every four weeks at an annual salary of fifty dollars. One of the most efficient helpers in the work 550 HISTORY “OF-CHE Pre heBURGH-S YNOD of the congregation was Cornelius Lowe. He was the heart of the new organization, and it was at his solicitation that Pastor Medtart began to preach in Smicksburg. He organ- ized the first Sunday School in the town, conducted a weekly prayer meeting in which he did most of the praying, was a member of the first Church Council, and proved ‘himself one of the most upright and useful citizens that the town has ever known. The first church erected by the congregation was dedicated by Pastor F. A. Barnitz, February 25, 1853. It was built of frame and plain in all its appointments. The second church was built in 1889, during the second pastorate of Rev. Co Gstreamer, “Uhevcorner stone wasilaidsjune IZ. Scan the church dedicated, March 9, 1890. The cost of the first church is unknown; that of the second was $4,650. The con- gregation also owns a good parsonage located on High Street. The history of this church and community would not be com- plete without special mention of Pastor Streamer, who gave twenty-three years of his ministerial life to the spiritual in- terests of these people. Hundreds of people in this vicinity are chiefly indebted to him for their religious convictions. Two of this pastor’s sons entered the Lutheran ministry. Three other sons of Salem followed in their footsteps: Silas D. Daugherty, J. A. Lowe, and Charles L. Ehrenfeld. The fol- lowing is a consecutive list of the pastorates: Rev. Jacob Medtart, 1842; Rev. Henry Bishop, 1843-1847; Rev. A. C. Eh- renteld; 1847-1849; -Rev; G. M+? Pile, 1851-1852-"Reveah eee Barnitz, 1852-1854; Rev. Christian Diehl, 1854-1858;> Reva @ L, Streamer, 1858-1869; Rev. Po Ss; Hooper, 187250h even Lee, 1872-1874; Rev. W. E. Crebs, 1874-1879; Rev. Ephraim Miller, D.D., 1879-1881; Rev. J. T. Gladhill, 1882-1885 ; Rev. C. ly. Streamer s(second term), siSs5-189750 Keven Me ee as 1897-1902; Rev. Shile Miller, 1902-1904; Rev. A. R. Longa- necker, 1905-1906 > Rey J:; Fo stabley, 1906-1912.) Rev ay mabe Claney, 1913; Rev. R. N. Stumpti, 1914-1918; Rev. R) R: Riche ard; 1918-1920: RevediM sAxe 71921-1922. Rev Wess bonnes 1923-. LUTHER CHAPEL EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH CORAL, PA. ) About the year 1828 Rev. Nicholas G. Scharetts began to hold services in Black Lick school house, about one mile be- low Coral, for the special benefit of a number of members of the Blairsville congregation who lived in that vicinity. These services were held with more or less regularity by Pastor Scharretts and his successors in the parish. until HIislORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 551 January 15, 1846, when they were organized into a congre- gation by Doctor Peter Sahm. ‘The number of members en- tering the new organization was twenty-six. A building com- mittee, consisting of Michael Rugh, John Fair, Adam Mike- sell, and Jonas Mikesell, was appointed in 1850; and this com- mittee bought a lot from Daniel Altemus and John Peddicord, March 13, 1850, for five dollars. Upon this lot a brick church, 35x50, was erected at a cost of $2,500, and dedicated about the first day of March, 1852. The church was served by the Blairs- ville pastors until May 19, 1878, since which it has been a reg- ular part of the Homer City Parish. BEE ery AN GHIICAT SL ULE ERA NSC TUR CE ROA EN Hae OWN S ERE RUN DAN AC OUND Yt BA A number of German families settled in this vicinity as early as the year 1839. Those of Reformed faith were evidently in the majority, for they were in close touch with the Round Top settlement, and received the ministrations of the Reformed pastors of St. Paul’s Church. Pastors Johann Althaus and John Charles Henneman held German services for them in the Book- ermyer school house. In 1844 these Reformed people built and dedicated a log church, 22 x 30, with a high ceiling and an old fashioned wine-glass pulpit. The building committee consisted of Samuel Bence, Conrad Pfeifer, and Andrew Fischer. Their first Church Council con- sisted of Samuel Bence and Conrad Pteifer. Pas- tor Henneman was a supply rather than a regular pastor from 1848 to 1851, when he remov- edto Ohio. After his re- moval the congregation was so grievously neglec- teamthate the entire Por- ganization disbanded. They were re-organized as St. Peter’s Evangeli- cal Lutheran Church by Moctora eLeter: eSa. hom: March 30, 1853. A con- | stitution, in harmony Ve wl ; : : : z GExsoloat with the doctrinal basis NE ie al Ne x of the synod, was adop- 4% ted and signed by Fred- S 552 HISTORY OF THE’ PITTSBURGH SYNOD erick Pfeifer, Peter Stahl, Washington Stahl, Andrew Fischer, Peter Clawson, Jacob Everwine, George Bence, and Samuel Bence. The old log church served as their place of worship until 1875, when a frame church was erected at a cost of $1,000. This church was dedicated by Pastor Leonard Wisehaupt on the second day of February, 1876, when the name of the church was changed from St. Peter’s to Bethel. The lot on which it stands was not formally transferred to the congregation until May 4, 1898. About the time of the dedication of the second church a second constitution was adopted. A new foundation was placed under the church in the fall of 1911, and the building was veneered with brick. New chancel furniture and pews were secured, and the interior of the church was completely reno- vated at a total cost of $1,800. A service of rededication was held, February 25, 1912, when Pastor Paul J. Tau was assisted by Pastor Wilmer A. Hartman. Another renovation was given the church in 1924 at a cost of $2,000. Following are the pas- tors who have served this Lutheran congregation: Rev. Peter Sahm, 1853-1855: Rev. P. S. Nellis, 1858-1859; Rev. Henry Gathers, 1860-1862; Rev. W. S. Emery (supply), 1862; Rev. John Forthman, 1863-1864; Rev. Michael Colver, 1865- 1867; Rev. Leonard Wisehaupt, 1869-1878; Rev. W. A. Mc- Cullough, 1879-1880; Rev. Amos Sell, 1884-1885; Rev. Reuben Smith, 1886-1890; Rev. John J. Hill (supply), 1890; Rev. J. W. Hutchison, 1890-1892; Rev. John Tomlinson, 1893-1899; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1900-1903; Rev. J. K. Hilty, 1904-1906; Rev. 5. A. Shaulis, 1908-1909; Rev. J. M. Stover, 1909-1911; Rev. PY J. Tau; 19V1E191S Rev; HY Hy Flick 1917-19207 Rew eee lieth bon lolz oe EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH COOKPORT, PA. In 1828 John Learn removed from Armstrong to Indiana County, establishing in the vicinity of Cookport what was later known as the Learn settlement. He and his wife were members of the German Reformed Church, but were com- pelled to forego the privileges of their church for a number of years in their new home.. In 1839 he united with others in the community and secured the services of Rev. Barnes, a German pastor of the Reformed Church, who preached for them in the Presbyterian Church of ‘Taylorsville and later in a school house. He catechized and confirmed the greater part of Father Learn’s large family of thirteen children. German communion services were held in 1839 and 1842. After the resignation of Pastor Barnes they had no services for a long HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 553 time. Despairing of ever securing the services of a Reformed pastor again, Father Learn visited the Lutheran pastor of In- diana, Doctor Peter Sahm, and asked him that the Cookport people might be favored by a visit from him. This visit was made, October 23, 1853, when Pastor Sahm administered the sacrament of the altar to 29 persons, nearly all of whom had been confirmed in the Reformed faith. The names of the communicants on that occasion was the following :: Buterbaugh, George Learn, John, Sr. Learn, Henry Buterbaugh, Christina Learn, Elizabeth Learn, William Diffenderfer, John Learn, Andrew Learn, Adam Diffenderter, Catherine Learn, George earn, John, |r. Foglesong, Mary Learn, Jacob Rodkey, Geo. and Mary Griffith, Rebecca E. Learn, Catharine (2) Wasam, Adam Hartman, Conrad Learn, Sarah Wasam, Margaret Hartman, Catharine Learn, Peter Zeagler, John Lute, Andrew Learn, Lucinda Zeagler, Catherine Pastor Sahm supplied the congregation as often as his large parish would permit, and conducted his second com- munion service here, September 9, 1855. A petition was pre- pared at that time and sent to the Alleghany Synod, asking for a regular pastor. The synod answered the petition by uniting them with two other congregations to form the “Cherry Tree Mission”, and commissioning Rev. C. A. Fetzer as the first missionary. This young man began his work in the mission soon after the adjournment of synod. His first task was to reorganize the people into an Evangelical Luth- eran Church, and this was done, December 1, 1855, when the constitution of “The Evangelical Lutheran and German Re- formed congregations at Learn’s Settlement” was adopted. Inasmuch as this was one of the most peculiar constitutions adopted by any of our pioneer churches, it is given here in full: CONSTITUTION “We, the members of the Evangelical Lutheran and German Re- formed churches, in or near Learn’s settlement in Indiana County, have mutually agreed to unite and form a congregation. And further, we do enter into a compact with each other that we will: be united together under the following articles, and respectfully observe them: Article I—AIl persons, who have been confirmed and were received as members of either the Evangelical Lutheran or German Reformed Churches, and have remained entitled to communion privileges, shall become members of this congregation by having their names subscribed to these articles. Article II—Any person or persons who possess a suitable character and have obtained religious qualifications and have not formed connec- tion with any other Christian denomination, may become members of this congregation by the Church Council concurring with the officiating minister, who, upon their application for membership, shall confirm them. Article I][I—Persons applying for membership in this congregation from other congregations will be received by certificate from the con- 554 HISTORY- OF PEE, PIDUS BURGH SYNOD gregations from which they come. Article I[V—The members of this congregation shall elect from the male members two elders and two deacons, who shall hold their re- spective offices for two years. Article V—As a discipline in every congregation is essentially nec- essary, we adopt that discipline and formula of church government rec- ommended by the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States of North America. Article VI—The above name formula of church government and discipline shall govern and regulate us in all our congregational rela- tions and affairs so long as our congregation is supplied with a Luth- eran minister. Article VII—Suitable by-laws may at any time be adopted by giving two weeks notice, provided they do not conflict with this instrument of compact and formula of church government and discipline adopted by this congregation. Article VIII—This constitution may be altered or amended by a vote of the regular members of this congregation.” The present constitution of the congregation is more purely Lutheran. The pastors after 1855 were all Lutherans, and the consequence was that all accessions to the church were Luth- erans. Only two of the Reformed declined to unite formally with the Lutherans. Pastor Fetzer conducted his first serv- ices in an old school house and the adjoining grove. Later he preached in'a union church that was built by Methodists, Re- formed, and Lutherans about the year 1856. During the pas- torate of Rev. P. 5. Nellis some dissatisfaction arose with the Methodist Protestants over the use of the old union church, and the Lutherans finally decided to build a church of their own. On January 11, 1859, Andrew. Learn deeded to the act- ing trustees of the congregation one acre” of +oroundmor church purposes. The timber for a new church was hewn by members of the congregation in the spring of the same year, but owing to the removal of their pastor the church was not completed until five years later. “It was a) frame) churem 40x50, and was dedicated some time in 1864. ‘The donation of labor and materials was so generous that not more than $500 in cash was needed. While this church was in process of building, services were held in the barn of Andrew Learn. In 1885 several hundred dollars were spent in repairing this building. Pastor Reuben Smith, assisted by Pastor Michael Colver, rededicated the church, August 23, 1885. In the spring of 1893 the church was destroyed by fire, and little or no in- surance was carried to help them to rebuild. For a period of four years the congregation worshipped in the Methodist Protestant Church, and then transferred their services to a partly finished new church. Under these conditions they wor- shipped for another six years, and then proceeded to finish the building. The completed church was dedicated by Pastor J. C. McGaughey, November 17, 1902, nearly ten years after HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 555 the disastrous fire. All bills were paid as they fell due, how- ever, and the church was dedicated without debt. It cost about $1,500 in addition to much donated labor. The first parson- age of this church was bought in 1871, but this was torn down in 1892, and a good house erected in its stead at a cost of $1,500. For the last fifteen years the congregation has expe- rienced much difficulty in securing regular pastors. For a time the entire parish was supported as a mission, and even then it was’ hard: to’ secure’ acceptable:iministers: "In 1921 Grove Chapel Parish consented to allow their pastor to preach for Cookport and Antioch, but Pastor Slifer gave up the work after two years of service, and other arrangements were then made. The following is a consecutive list of the pastorates from the time of the Lutheran reorganization: Rev. C. A. Fetzer, 1855-1857; Rev. P. S. Nellis, 1858-1859; Rev. Henry Gathers, 1860-1862; Rev. John Forthman, 1863-1864; Rev. Michael Col- ver, 1865-1867; Rev. Leonard Wisehaupt, 1869-1878; Rev. M. O. T. Sahm, 1880-1884; Rev. Reuben Smith, 1885-1886; Rev. pamuclekrider, 1889-18955" Rev. J. M. Hankey, 1896-1897; Rev. George Trostle, 1898-1899; Rev. J. C. McGaughey, 1899- 1902; Rev. J. A. Flickinger (supply), 1902; Rev. W. G. Slo- naker, 1903-1906; Mr. W. K. Williams (supply), 1909-1910; Rev. H. W. Maguire (supply), 1910-1913; Rev. Oscar Woods, 1915-1917; Rev. L. W. Slifer, 1921-1923; Student Fred Stueber (supply), 1924. ROVE CER Ela VeAINve IU DEE RAIN: CELURC Et. RAYNE GOWNSHIP? INDIANA’ COUNTY) PA\ A number of the earliest settlers of Rayne Township were Germans from the eastern counties of the state, many of whom were Lutherans. As a rule they attended the services of the Indiana Church, being regular communing members of that con- gregation. About the year 1840 a pastor of the German Re- formed began to hold services in the Bookemyer school house near Dutch Hill; and some of these Germans became interested in the congregation established there. The Lutherans in the southern end of the township, however, continued to attend the Indiana Church. As early as 1853 it was the custom of the Indiana Church to hold occasional afternoon services for them in Wolf school house. Among the men most deeply interested in these services were George Wolf, Abraham Little, Jacob Gar- man, George Lotz, Jacob Faith, Jacob Harman, John Ray, Joseph Dodson, David Wolf, David Boucher, Henry Conrad, and Lewis 556 HISTORY, OF THE PILDTSBURGH SYNOD Rhodes. According to ‘the ‘statement soteher @ ir ohn ‘Tomlinson, they See ae organized as a con- i) gregation by Pastor J. P. Hentz in 1863, whose first Church Council con- sisted of William Wolf, Jacob Garman, Robert Litt.Le« Jacobian George Ray, and C. J. Speedy. This is proba- bly correct, even though the minutes of the synod : if make no mention of the LL congregation until 1875. Ones == On June 12, 1872,; Mrs. a J ae cae Net Sse donated to the ens . congregation a large plot @ of ground for a parson- age, church and ceme- tery; and for this reason it was sometimes called Cooper’s Church, even in the minutes of the Alleghany Synod. A build- ing committee, consisting of William Wolf, Robert Little, Jacob Creps, George Lotz, and Erasmus Cooper, superintended the erection of the church. The corner stone was laid by Pastor A. C, Ehrenfeld, July 17, 1873, and the church dedicated by the same pastor, December 28, 1873. Doctor George Scholl preached the dedicatory sermon. The church was a two-story frame building that cost about $4,000. The congregation was in- corporated during the pastorate of Rev. P. G. Bell, to whom much credit was given for the development of the church. Pastor Bell was the last of the Indiana pastors to serve this congregation, for after his resignation, October 1, 1882, a new parish, consisting of Grove Chapel, St. John’s, and Bethel, was formed. Rev. Amos Sell was the first pastor of the new parish, serving from October 15, 1884, to October 15, 1885. At the beginning of his pastorate a parsonage was built at a cost of $1,099. During the pastorate of Rev: J: W. Hutchison the parish consisted of Grove Chapel, Bethel, St. John’s, and Har- mony Grove, and services were held every two weeks in each church. From 1893 to 1921 Grove Chapel and Bethel formed the Grove Chapel Parish, and services were provided every Sunday. The “go to town” movement was not felt in this com- munity as much as in others, and yet it was felt advisable in 1921 to add the Cockport and Antioch churches to the parish. This arrangement continued until August 1, 1923, when Pastor fie if HISTORY OFSTHE ETT SBURGEH SYNOD 557 Slifer gave all his time to Grove Chapel and Bethel. Durmg the pastorate of Rev. Paul J. Tau the interior of the church was renovated at a cost of $1,100, Rev. C. M. Teufel preaching the sermon on the day of rededication. One of the most striking changes connected with this renovation was the location of the pulpit near the door. Visiting pastors of the Lutheran church consider it a mistake. The confirmed membership num- bered 142 in 1922, and the Sunday School had an enrollment of 108 scholars. The personnel of the congregation has greatly changed during the last fifteen years; many of the old families of earlier days are no longer represented here; but the congre- gation continues to fill a large place in the spiritual life of this section of the county. A list of pastors follows: Rev. J. P. Hentz, 1863-1864; Rev: A. C. Ehrenfeld, 1865-1875; Rev. C. T. Steck, 1876-1878; Rev. P. G. Bell, 1878-1882; Rev. Amos Sell, 1884-1885; Rev. Reuben Smith, 1886-1890; Student John J. Hill (supply), 1890; Rev. J..W. Hutchison, 1890-1892; Rev. John Tomlinson, 1893-1899; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1900-1903; Rev. J. K. Hilty, 1904-1906; Rev. 5S. A. Shaulis, 1908-1909; Rev. J. NMastover e10097191 le Rev Peel any OL 915 Reve HE! Biche eee) 917-1920 eReve De WieSlter, 1921-1925: HARNMONY“GROVENE VAN: LUTHERAN: CHURCH WILLET, PA. In the fall of 1869 Pastor Jacob H. Wright of Elderton Parish began to hold services for the Lutherans living in the vicinity of Marlin’s Mill. He organized them into a congre- gation, September 4, 1870, with the following members: Fink, Mr. and Mrs. Joel Seionsoltz, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Harman, Mrs. Elizabeth Snow, Mrs. Eliza Heasley, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Stivenson, John Peterman, George, Sr. Weber, Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Peterman, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Weber, Harriett and Susan Ross, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Groff, Henry In a few weeks the membership of the new congregation was increased to twenty-seven. Services were held in a school house until November 14, 1880, when their church was dedicated by Pastor Wright. This church was built of frame at a cost of $1,100, and with only ordinary repairs has served the congregation to the, present day. It was located at a point where five roads meet, and for this reason was often called Five Points Church. The building committee consisted of John C. Weber, James Brewer, and Joseph Ross, who managed the work so well that the church was dedicated free of debt. This congregation is one of the most prosperous rural churches of Indiana County, and yet it has been built up of people, many 558 HISTORY VOR GE RUT ToOBURGHySs vNOD of whom had little previous knowledge of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. The community spirit is strong, and the great majority of the families living in the little valley are regular attendants at its services. A good frame parsonage was erected on ground adjoining the church at a cost of $1,800 during the pastorate of Rev. M. L. Schmucker, but this has been rented since the formation of Sagamore Parish in 1920. The following pastors have served the congregation: Rev. J. H. Wright, 1870-1888; Rev. J. W. Hutchison, 1888- 1896; Rev. M. L. Schmucker, 1897-1908; Rev. D. W. Lecrone, 1908-1912; Rev. G. O. Ritter, 1913-1915; Rev. E. F. Dickey, 1917-1920; Rev. J. E. MacDonald, 1920-1925. ST: JOHNS EVANGELICAL ULAR ANS GEL ad SALTS SUR Gras So far as we can learn, the first Lutheran pastor to hold services in this town was Rev. J. N. Burket. While pastor at St. James, 1851-1853, he held occasional services in Saltsburg, but never found sufficient interest to justify an organization. For the next fifteen years no attempt was made to renew these pioneer, services, “and” then’ in 1868 Kev SV ansebuten Christy began to preach to a number of the members of St. James who had moved into the town. These services, at first occasional and then regular, were productive of results, and St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church of Saltsburg was or- ganized by Pastor Christy, assisted by Pastor Jonathan Sar- ver, March 20, 1876, when a constitution was adopted and a Church Council elected. When Pastor Christy resigned, April 1, 18/6, there- was a realignment of parishes, and Rev. John Y. Marks became pastor of a parish, consisting of St. James, st. John’s, and Fennelton, im: september of they samemyeam The first step toward securing a church building was taken, February 28, 1880, when a committee on site was appointed; the second step was taken, April 30, 1881, when it was decided to petition the court for a charter. This charter was granted, September 11, 1881. After long consideration the committee on site agreed that Pastor Robert M. Zimmerman should buy the McQuiston property, and deed part of it to the congre- gation for the proposed church. This was done, and the con- gregation secured its present location on Main street, 50x100, November 10, 1881, for a consideration of $850. A building committee was then appointed, consisting of Pastor Zimmer- man, W. A. Spahr, Amos Uncapher, and M. A. Kunkle. .Plans were adopted for a brick building, the corner stone of which was laid by Pastor Zimmerman, August 8, 1882. This pastor HISTORY OF THE PITSBURGH SYNOD 559 conceived the idea of making all the bricks needed for the construction of the church, but this, in spite of the hard work involved, did not prove a complete success. The work of building was carried on as fast as circumstances would per- mit, but the building committee was hampered by lack of funds. The church was finally completed and dedicated, De- cember 18, 1883, when the pastor was assisted by Doctor Ed- mund Belfour, Doctor Henry W. Roth, Rev. W. F. Ulery, and Rey. J. C. Kunzmann. The cost of this churchly structure was $6,500, which proved a heavy load for the small congregation, themiast of the debt not beim cancelled) until” June 30; 1915, when the congregation celebrated their freedom with a great service. The membership of St. John’s has never been large, but has always included some choice spirits, who were willing to make many sacrifices for the cause. It had a confirmed membership of 108 in 1922, The Luther League was organ- ized 1896, and the Ladies’ Aid Society in 1898: Services were heldvineslickville by ther pastor of st) John's for ayshort time; but these were abandoned in 1921. One of the sad incidents connected with the history of this congregation was the death of Pastor J. G. Schaid. This pastor had just taken charge of the parish, and his family were still in the South when the accident happened. He stepped in front of a train, August 8, 1909, not one hundred yards from his church, and was in- Stantiy killed) While *ithe»-development, of. this church “has proven difficult, largely because of the transient character of theeijitheran’ population, there issa manifest) place; for St. John’s in the religious life of the community, and the work should strengthen with the passing of the years. A list of pas- tors is as follows: Rev. V. B. Christy, 1876; Rev. J. Y.. Marks, 1876-1878; Rev. J. D. Roth (supply), 1878-1879; Rev. R. M. Zimmerman, 1879-1884; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1884-1887; Rev. W. G. D. Hudson, 1888-1896; Rev. W. EF. Bauer, 1897-1902; Rev. W. A. Lambert, 1902-1904; Rev. Herbert Martens, 1906- LOO Seaieve |e Garochaid OO9rsReveGieChsotacy, LOTO21911% Rev. C. EF. Schweikert, 1912-1913; Rev. F. W. Ash, 1914-1919; Rev. A. W. Trumpeter, 1919-1923; Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger (supply), 1924-. PVANGEEIGAL, VUE RAN CHURCH HOME REC BI AGS BAe This church was organized by Doctor R. A. Fink, Febru- ary 21, 1871, with twenty-eight members. The greater part of the charter members were from Luther Chapel. They were made a part of the Brush Valley Parish, and taken under the 560 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD care of Rev. Simon P. Snyder. Upon his resignation in April, 1874, the church was received into Blairsville Parish, and served by Doctor Augustus Babb until October 1, 1875. Soon after the organization a lot was secured and a frame church erected at a cost of $3,000, “This church was dedicated by Pastor snyder, \October:6.818/27) sn: the Ssprino gous ole chancel recess was built in the church, which greatly im- proved its churchly appearance. Other repairs were made at the same time at a cost of several hundred dollars, and a re- dedication service was held, July 24, 1910. In the summer of 1923, during the pastorate of Rev. EF. L. Ritchie, new pews and chancel furniture were secured at a cost of $2,000, which gave much assistance to the rendition of the historic Luth- eran service. During the same year a new parsonage was built at a cost of $6,400, and the old parsonage which stood next to the church was sold. A notable feature of the history . of this congregation was the long pastorate of Rev. J. W. Shaeffer. Quiet and unassuming in manner, suffering when he harmed the least of God’s people, fervent in his presenta- tion of the gospel, he served the people of this community for twenty-eight years. The following is a complete list of the pastors: Rev. S. P. Snyder, 1871-1874; Rev. Augustus Babb, D:D,,"187421875: Reve Gile Streamer, (1876-16736 Rev eae Steck, 1878-1882; Rev. W. E. Crebbs, 1883-1884; Rev. J. W. Reese, 1885-1889; Rev. J. W. Shaeffer, 1889-1897; Rev. G. -L. Courtney, 1898-1900; Rev. J. W. Shaeffer (second term), 1900- 1919; Rev..P; J. C..Glatzert, 91920-1921); «Rev. Ei ee Ritchie 1922-. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PONS telat The first Lutheran services were held in this community by Pastor Samuel Krider, pastor of Cookport Parish, who dedicated a small frame church and organized a congregation about the same time. The date of the dedication was Novem- ber 16, 1890, when Rev. -G. L. Streamer and. Rev. J. W. Hutch- ison preached the dedicatory sermons. It was built at an ap- proximate cost of $1,200. The following persons were mem- bers of the congregation at the beginning: Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Silvis, Mr. and’ Mrs. Joseph'\Fisher,’ Mr. "and Mrs Henry Abel, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Abel, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Burket, Mr. and Mrs. George Sheesley, and Mr. and Mrs. I'rederick McAfoose. The membership of this congregation has never been large, and numbered 33 in 1922. The pastors have been those of Cookport Parish. HISTORY OF THE PITSBURGH SYNOD 561 ~ le JAMES EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH Cepia OS A eae Garfield is situated on the north bank of the Conemaugh, opposite Bolivar. The first services, leading to the organiza- tion of the congregation, were held in the Dunker Church by Pastor Samuel A. Shaulis of New Florence, February 11, 1900. After the fourth service the use of the church was de- nied, and the work was temporarily discontinued. A canvass of the community was made by Pastor Shaulis and the Mis- sionary Superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod, March 22, 1901, in which considerable interest was manifested, so that services were resumed every two weeks in a school house. The congregation was regularly organized, July 28, 1901, with the following members: Beaufort, Leoport Cunningham, Curtis Lichtenfelts, Ada Beaufort, Rebecca Cunningham, Agnes Lichtenfelts, Kate Beaufort, Charles Fee, Amanda Lichtenfelts, Susan Betz, Daniel Fisher, Samuel Lichtenfelts, Elizabeth Betz, Elizabeth Fisher, Nancy Lynn, Simeon Cunningham, James Lichtenielts, Mosheim Walsonpe leet: Seven of the original members: came from Zion Church of Germany Township. The first Church Council consisted of Samuel Fisher, Mosheim Lichtenfelts, Leoport Beauport, Simeon Lynn, James Cunningham, and R. P. Wilson. After using the school house as a place of worship for about a year, plans were made for the building of a church. -The corner stone was laid, July 12, 1901, and the church dedicated, November 2, 1902, Pastor Shaulis being assisted by Doctor C. B. King. The church was built of buff brick at a cost of $4,400. The church site was donated by the Robinson heirs. The congregation has been connected with the New Florence Parish. r ‘ y 7 A 4% ca < To a Vibe : Mi Pr ‘ a ; ' F i rt 7 heat - Ww ee oe / ne, Ag age ae - 4th 4 ie 2 ve a ra, MAAN, 4. f a MGT RS} aeaticgs 2) a tees. SI “ T ao a Lrg y ae Ae ak Teepe ar pear h petigtieh 9 Tha ge aks é an, ‘ f hy + oh ua vit J ae ee 2S a ey aN. ieee I? iba Wie: er, mn yh 4 * f J > 5 . | i * ¢ | a v3 i ,’ -. ¥ FP) A8 wT ri iY a iat f; Hae. -. Be ne ROT , \ Va, -4 i 7 " ‘ i ** | ee ene yew hi Joie We arr ay ’ Ths le as US ve. teal PS, he, a ya. ce tay ° +4 4 \ - (a , aa? . Forages ees i as a ube? Pils ae Aan? + Jabs eae i s.? gl ‘ Poe: ™ : Lau i me ; A wee ; ie #3434. ea Ve it Wi eee te te 4 Pay’: % 7; Pea Mako Bae e , : Wao ni 2 yp deal 4 a) mt f at ‘ ; \ rts =) iv ‘i> ae oy P - vs 5 a p * a9 wy is ay , es x i i 6. $ z A jt a) - < 2 YH A ‘@ e ; , : f Sai { yan Gayi4 peewee | +s oer | Pe = i - c + i ari , : r ’ mee 7 f rival . DS ‘x ' 2 y= : re | - } i i ’ ] ¥ i . ‘ wt ) A S - r] = C 4 ‘ ‘ rr ae in f « M4 i : “ ’ . ie 7 : lie pais f ( ‘ + ry ‘ : ae L { ,¥ F a . 5 ; 4 f 7% t i ‘ f { ‘ r Can «1 . .9mF | Fs 2 k eu8 " CHAPTER XVII CHURCHES OF JEFFERSON COUNTY 1831-1924 “T will be their God, and they shall be my people’. EASIH FN Jefferson County was erected, March 26, 1804, its territory was little more than a great wilderness, so that it was attached to Indiana County for judi- cial purposes, and its first commissioners were not chosen until 1824. At that time the number of settlers was small, the greater part of them being employed in the lumber industry. An old history published in 1843 says that a number of German families settled along Red Bank Creek between the years 1830 and 1840; and these were the fathers of the Ringgold, Sprankle’s Mills, and Berkhouse congregations. Other early German settlements were made at Punxsutawney, Paradise, Rose Township, Grube’s, and Emerick- ville. The travelling preachers of the Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania and West Pennsylvania Synod visited these scattered peo- ple in their homes and encouraged them to be faithful. The first permanent church organizations effected in this county were the St. James*’Church of Ringgold and Bethlehem Church of Ohl. The pastor, who rendered this important service, was Rev. Henry David Keyl, who lived at Shippenville, travelled far and wide throughout the German settlements and rendered faith- ful service. Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert and other neighboring pastors were welcome visitors at times, but the man to whom the “Lutherans of the Red Bank region were chiefly indebted was Rev. John George Young, who completed a long and useful min- istry of thirty years in their midst. This pastor lived in a little farm house in the woods, which he himself built about three miles from Red Bank Creek, and from this center made long trips through Jefferson County, administering the sacraments of the Church and organizing the people into congregations. He was not a highly educated man, but his devotion to the Lutheran Church was never questioned, and the congregations of the county gratefully cherish his memory. During the synodical controversy of 1868, the churches of the Red Bank region ad- hered to the General Council, while those in other sections of the county cast their lot with the General Synod. The only church to suffer seriously from this controversy was Emerickville. Six General Council and five General Synod congregations entered 564 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD the merger in 1919. There are now fourteen Lutheran congre- gations, with 1479 confirmed members, in Jefferson County, eleven of which belong to the Pittsburgh Synod, one to the Alle- ghany Synod, and two to the Missouri Synod. ol. JAMES EVANGELIGAL< LUTHERAN CHURCH RINGGOLD, PA. Among the early settlers of this section of Jefferson County were a number of Pennsylvania Germans from Westmoreland, Schuylkill, Northampton and Northumberland counties, together with a few who came direct from the Fatherland. These Ger- mans were about equally divided between the Lutheran and the Reformed faith. One family took up land as early as 1818, but the greater part did not settle before the period, 1828-1835. Prominent among the Lutheran pioneers were John Greiner, John Schneider, Isaac Brosius, Sr., Abraham Schaffer, John Scherri, Daniel Scherri, Henry Scherri, Frederick March, Daniel Hinterlightner, Daniel Martz, and Peter Dinger. Nat- urally their first concern was for the clearing of their lands; but they were by no means unmindful of their spiritual needs, and were always glad to welcome the traveling missionaries sent out by the eastern synods. These first services were usually held in some roomy barn. A congregation was provisionally organ- ized by Rev. Gabriel Adam Reichert j in 1831, but his large parish made it impossible to give it more than an occasion- al visit. The next paster was Rev. Henry David Keyl, who dedicated a log church in December, 1833. This old log build- ing was standing in Reuben Wonderling’s front yard, a short dis- tance east of the present church, as late as 1890. The parish of Father Keyl, like that of Father Reichert, was “so” large that he was able to give only occasional services to’ the /c'o'hn: er elo ation When he resisnédaaaas 1838 he was succeeded by Rev. John - George HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 565 Young, who preached for them from 1838 to 1867, and was in- strumental in building up.a strong German church. At times his parish consisted of six churches and five preaching stations, but such was his devotion that he rarely missed an appointment. The name St. James does not appear on the records of the synod before 1857, but it is certain that the congregation was in exist- ence twenty-six years prior to that time, so that it is given first place among the Evangelical Lutheran churches of Jefferson County. The first burial ground used by the German settlers was located near North Freedom, but this was abandoned about the year 1840, when the present burial ground was secured from Leonard Boddort. It is much to be regretted that the fathers of this church were so careless about the preserving of their church deeds, so that important historic facts can be determined only by tradition. Lhe successor of Pastor Young was) Pastor C. A, Fetzer, who served from 1868 to 1875, introduced English preaching, and dedicated the second church building on ground adjoining the cemetery. On June 7, 1873, Elias Paul and wife conveyed to Walter Snyder, Isaac Brosius, John Sherry, and Abraham Snyder, acting for St. James Church, a plot of 17% perches adjoining the church land, for the consideration of one dollar. The corner stone of a frame church was laid, August 9, 1873, and the building dedicated, December 14, 1873. Rev. J. J. Meissner preached in German, and Rev. C. A. Fetzer in English at the dedicatory services. Although the weather was forbidding the church was filled to capacity, and sufficient funds were sub- scribed to meet the entire cost. At the suggestion of Pastor Fetzer, a new constitution was adopted in 1874, in which the name of the congregation is given as “Die Deutsch-Englische FEivangelische Lutherische St. Jacobus Gemeinde.’ The suc- cesssor of Pastor Fetzer was Rev. Jacob Ash, who came as a student supply, and accepted a call as the regular pastor after his ordination in April, 1876. He served St. James Church until February 1, 1884, when the Ringgold Parish was formed. ‘This new parish, consisting of St. James, Jerusalem, and St. Mat- thews, extended a call to Pastor J. N. Wetzler, who remained with them until 1889. The formation of this parish necessitated a new parsonage, and a small house in the town of Ringgold was bought for $600, April 1, 1885. Two adjoining lots to the east and west were later added to the parsonage grounds. This par- sonage was repaired at a cost of $000 during the pastorate of Rev. C. J. Streich, and later at an expense of $1534, when Rev. C. S. Brewer accepted a call. The frame church of 1873 served the congregation for 26 years, when it was replaced by a better building at a cost of $1500. So much labor and material were donated, however, that the church had an actual value of more than $3000. The church was dedicated by Pastor C. J. Streich, 566 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD October 15, 1899, Rev. C. A. Fetzer preaching in German and Rev. G. W. Spiggle in English. In 1921 there was another re- arrangement of parishes, in which Jerusalem Church was trans- ferred to Rural Valley Parish, and St. Mark’s of Eddyville re- ceived in its stead. A consecutive list of pastorates follows: Rev. G. A. Reichert, 1831-1832; Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1832-1838; Rev. J. G.* Young) 1838-1867) Rev, CiiAusPetzer, 138631375 Rev. Jacob Ash, 1876-1884; Rev. J. N. Wetzler, D.D., 18384- 1889: Rev. A. H. Kinnard, 1890-1893; Rev. Herman Ruphoff, 1894-1895; Rev. C. J. Streich, 1896-1901; Rev. A. F. Schaeffer, 1902-1903; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1904-1921; Rev. C. S. Brewer, 1921-1926. BETHLEHEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BEAVER TOWNSHIP, JEFFERSON COUNTY, PA. Between the years 1830 and 1833 a little group of Germans settled in this community, taking title from the Holland Land Company. Prominent among these Germans was George Berk- haus Sr., whose land was surveyed, July 22, 1833. This survey shows that his land was completely surrounded by that of other German farmers, indicating the compact German community in which Bethlehem Church was born. According to the best tra- dition this church was provisionally organized by Rev. Henry David Keyl in 1835. During that year George Berkhaus donated the southwest corner of his farm, containing about half an acre, to the Lutherans and Reformed for a church and cemetery. On the lower end of this lot a plain log church was built and dedi- cated, which was rarely called anything else than Berkhaus Church in the community. Many use the same name in speaking of the Bethlehem Church of the present day. While the first church was built by Lutherans and Reformed, the latter were never strong, and were gradually absorbed by the Lutherans or Methodists. ‘The last Reformed communion service in Bethle- hem Church was conducted by Rev. L. D. Leberman in 1854. While the church was provisionally organized in 1835, the first regular constitution was not adopted until April 30, 1852. The present German-English constitution was adopted, January 1, 1893. Pastor Keyl ministered here from 1835 to 1838, when he was succeeded by Rev. John George Young, who completed a ministry of nearly thirty years. He opened their first church record in 1841, and the Tauf Register indicates that there were then about twenty German families in this district. It must be remembered, however, that people sometimes brought their children for several miles in order to have them baptized. ‘The first class of catechumens was confirmed by Pastor Young, May 16, 1841. when the following communed: HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 567 Beierle, Susanna Hetrich, Michael Sauer, Isaac Berkhaus, George, Sr. Hetrich, Mrs. Christina Schafer, Isaac Berkhaus, Mrs. Lydia Hetrich, Katharina Schafer, Christina Berkhaus, George, Jr. Hetrich, Elizabeth Schafer, Solomon Brosius, Michael Obdigraf, Edward Schumacher, Anna Brosius, Mrs. Elizabeth Obdigraf, Barbara Spahr, Elizabeth Brosius, Margaret Parson, Lovina Stahlman, Susanna Brosius, Peter Reitz, George Thomas, Michael Brosius, Michael, Jr. Reitz, Mrs. Margaret Thomas, Mrs. Lydia Friedrich, Conrath Reitz, Daniel Thomas, Katharina Friedrich, Mrs. Maria Reitz, Mrs. Lydia Thomas, John Heim, David Reitz, Jacob Thomas, Mrs. Christina Heim, Mrs. Salome Reitz, George, Jr. Thomas, Louvina Heim, Katharina Reitz, Molly Thomas, Peter Heim, Peter Reitz, Barbara Yager, George Heim, George Reitz, Gottfried Young, Michael Heim, Tobias Reitz, Isaac Young, George Heim, lizabeth Reitz, Michael Young, Katharina Heim, Anna Reitz, Katharina Young, Elizabeth The log church served the congregation until October 2, 1852, when a frame church, 35-40, was dedicated by Pastor J. G. Young. At that time all services were conducted in German, and the congregational singing was led by Samuel Johns, David Heim, and Adam Schafer. It is said that Pastor Young con- ducted singing schools in the community in order to improve the congregational singing, and that they were very popular with the young people. The church organ was not used until about the year 1878, with Miss Frances Spahr as the first organist. At the beginning of the pastorate of Rev. Jacob Ash, the English language was given equal rights in the church with the German, and thirty-five years later, all services were conducted in English. When the second church was worn out, there was quite a dis- cussion in the congregation as to where the next one would be built, but this was finally decided by rebuilding on the old site. This third church was also built of frame and cost about $5000. It was dedicated by Pastor William H. Kline, September 20, 1908, Rev. John L. Fischer preaching the sermon. An addition to the burial ground was also secured. The congregation has given one of her young men to the ministry, Rev. George J. Diener. The following pastors have served this church: Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1835-1838; Rev. J. G. Young, 1838-1867; Rev. C. A. Fetzer, 1868-1875; Rev. Michael Schweigert (supply), 1875; Rey. Jacob Ash, 1876-1889; Rev. J. H. Ritter, 1889-1895; Rev. - J. L. Fischer, 1896-1903; Rev. Henry Voegtley, 1904-1908; Rev. W. H. Kline, 1908-1909; Rev. William Weicksel, 1910-1916; Rovere ve Boord, 1916-19214 Stppliies:L9O2 171923) Rev. DD, Miller, 1923-. See GaN oo V ANGE CICAMS PE kh RAN: Co Wk GH ROSE LOVIN SHITE | EERE RoOIN GOUNT PA, i‘enicwisethe: third = oldestslutherane Church) “in Jefferson County, the fourth if the defunct Sprankle’s Mill organization is included, having been organized by Student John George Young 568 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD in 1838. Joel Spyker and Peter Thrush were the prime movers in the organization, which consisted at first of the following members : Chesley, Mattie Johns, Samuel Spyker, Mary Grove, Armenia Johns, Magdalena Thrush, Peter Heim, Hannah Kaylor, Joseph Thrush, Elizabeth Holt, Thomas Merriman, Charles Wolfgang, Jacob Johnston, Mary Spyker, Joel Wolfgang, Sarah Thomas Holt was the first elder and Joel Spyker the first deacon. Soon after organization was effected, a log church was built, which served as a place of worship until 1865, when the present frame church waside di Ca terdaiarcer. Joseph Welker was pas- tor/at the: time 40 er dedication. While _ this pastor gave the congrega- tion valuable service for a number of years, dur- ing the closing years of his pastorate he was sorely afflicted with -mental trouble that led to many distressing. ex- periences... The first re- corded communion serv- ice was conducted by Rev. John.B. Breétken- ridge, a missionary of the Alleghany | Synod, July 1, 1849. From that te time to the present, St. John’s Church has been a part of Brookville Parish. The church has shared the experience of many rural churches in recent years, losing the young people to the cities and the old people to the grave. Although a congregation of fifty-six members in -1870, it has been steadily weakened by death and removals until it now numbers but twenty communicants. Two of the sons of St. John’s, Thomas A, and Samuel T. Himes, have entered the Lutheran ministry. ‘The following pastors have served here Rev. J. G. Young, 1838-1848; Rev. J. B. Breckenridge, 1849: Rev. Philip Sheeder, 1850- 1852; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1853- 1856: Rev. Jacob Singer, 1858-1859; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1862-1866; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1867-1868; Rev. I. J. Delo, 1869-1872; Rev. J. M. Wonders, 1873-1878; Rev. S. S. Miller, 1878-1879; Rev. Lewis. Hay, 1880-1881; Rev. Wilson Selner, 1881-1882; Rev. D. W. Leitzell, 1882-1886; Rev. J. E. Zerger, 1886-1887 ; Rev. J. J. Kerr, 1889-1894; Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1895-1896; HISTORY OF THE. PITTSBURGH SYNOD 569 Rev. G. W. Styer, 1896-1900; Rev. W. L. Leisher, 1900-1902 ; Rev. William Hesse, D.D., 1902-1907; Rev. W. W. Frey, 1907- 1913; Rev. D. S. Weimer, 1914-1916; Rev. J. E. Lowe Jr., 1916- 1920; Rev. W. H. Brown, 1920-1922; Rev. R. F. Stolz, 1922- 1924; Rev. L. J. Kaufman, 1925-. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH EMERICKVILLE, PA. The beginnings of Grace Church are traceable to 1846, when Rev. J. G. Young of Red Bank began to hold occasional services for the German settlers of this part of Jefferson County. Among the leaders of these Germans were Jacob Kroh and John Emerick, the village itself being named after the latter, and the first church after the former. Mr. Emerick came to this com- munity from Berks County about the year 1845, and always ex- erted a strong influence upon the German population. Some- times this preaching appointment of Pastor Young was called “Krohs”, and sometimes “Emericks”, but the old log church that was built about 1846, at the corner of the state road and the street that leads back to the cemetery, was usually called “Kroh’s Church” by the older Germans. The congregation was organized as a union church, Reformed and Lutheran, but no Reformed pastor, so far as we can learn, ever ministered to its people. The old burial ground was selected by Jacob Kroh, John Emerick, John P. Smith, George Bliss and others, and deeded by Joseph and Mary Zimmerman to the trustees of the “Lutheran German Reformed Church of Pine Creek Township, known as Emer- icks’, August 28, 1858, for a consideration of two dollars. The adjoining ground, on which the present church stands, was deed- ed to the trustees of the congregation by the same parties, March 5, 1870, for a consideration of six dollars. The old log church was too small to accommodate the people, who came for many miles to hear the gospel and receive the sacraments in the Ger- man tongue, although its pews were nothing more than benches made of slabs, and they were compelled to build another. It was then that the decision was made to locate the church closer to the burial ground. The corner stone of a frame church was laid by Pastor George F. Ehrenfeld, October 1, 1868, and the building dedicated by Pastor Isaiah J. Delo, July 2, 1871. The congrega- tion then numbered seventy-four members, and gave promise of developing into greater strength. The church was caught in the throes of the synodical controversy and almost destroyed. When the General Synod party supported the pastor the General Coun- cil party refused, and the result was the sale of the property by the sheriff. Mr. George Bliss, the leader of the General Synod party, held a claim against the property for $1133.96, and bid 570 HISTORY OF THE PiEPLSBURGHIsY NOD $200 in order to secure it. Although a highly esteemed citizen, he refused the use of the church to the General Council people as long as it was in his possession. Before the sale General Synod trustees placed a lock on the door, which the General Council people broke in order to hold services. This exposed them to a serious charge, but the matter was settled before it reached court. On August 18, 1885, Mr. Bliss deeded the prop- erty to John Emerick for $575. From 1868 to 1879 General Synod trustees controlled the church, but in November, 1880, Pastor J. H. Kline organized a General Council congregation of 50 members under the name “Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church’, and the General Synod congregation disintegrated. The services of Pastor Young were all in German, but English was introduced in 1849, and the German ceased about 1868. For a time Grace Church was prosperous, but a large number of mem- bers withdrew in 1883 to form the Chestnut Grove congregation, and the rest were greatly discouraged. Pastor Emanuel Cress- man reorganized them with 22 members in 1888, and their num- — ber has remained about the same ever since. The following pas- tors have served them: Rev. J. G. Young (German), 1846-1860; Rev. J. B. Breckenridge, 1849; Rev. Philip Sheeder, 1849-1852 ; Rey. ¢] He Wright, wi853-1856 7 RevitGe Ay hetzen, 1S57.gk w= Jacob Singer, 1858-1859; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1862-1866; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1867-1868; Rev. I. J. Delo, 1869-1872; Rev. J, M. Wonders, 1873-1878; Rev. S. S. Miller, 1878-1879; Rev. Isaac Brenneman (G. C. Pastor) 01875-1877. Students 3 aavve Kohler, 1880; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1880-1885; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1886; Rev. Emanuel Cressman, 1888-1892; Rev. Jacob Ash (sec- ond term), 1893-1894; Rev. P. W. Metzenthin, 1894-1898; Rev. Edward Haecker, 1898-1899; Rev. George Johannes, 1899-1901 ; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1903-1908; Rev. C. EF. Rudy, 1909-1910; Rev. P. I) Morentz, 1911-1912 sReye Gr) Diener 191221016 Supoies 1916:1919- Rev, Je-Ni Wetzler, D'D, 1919-1921) 5 Reva Leatherman, 1922-. MOUNT WZIONV EVANGELICAL LULHERAN CEURGH GRUBE'S SETTLEMENT, JEFFERSON COUNT Y# PAs This church lies in a progressive rural community about four miles northeast of Punxsutawney. ‘The settlement derives its name from the family of John Grube, who located here in 1833. Mount Zion Church was organized by Rev. J. B. Breck- enridge in a school house in 1849. The twelve original members were Pennsylvania Germans, and their characteristic virtues fur- nish the moral backbone of the community to the present day. Their Sunday School was organized by Rev. J. H. Wright in HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 571 1853. For a long time services were held in the school house, a church not being erected until the beginning of the pastorate of Rey. Wilson Selner. The corner stone was laid, August 6, 1881, and the building dedicated by Pastor Selner, July 11, 1882. The cost of this frame church was $1,954.59. It was connected with the Alleghany Synod, 1849-1859, and 1867-1886; and with the Pittsburgh Synod, 1859-1867, and 1886 to the present. For many years it was part of Brookville Parish; since 1895 it has been connected with Punxsutawney Parish. In 1873 there were 30 members; in 1924 Pastor Frank reported 184. A list of pastors follows: Rev. J. B. Breckenridge, 1849; Rev. Philip Sheeder, 1849-1852; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1853-1856; Rev. C. A. Fetzer (supply), 1857; Rev. Jacob Singer, 1858-1859; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1862-1866; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1867-1869; Supplies, 1869-1873; Rev. E. Manges, 1873-1878; Rev. J. T. Gladhill, 1878-1882; Rev. Wilson Selner, 1882-1886; Rev. D. W. Leitzell, 1886-1893; Rev. S. E. Smith; 1895-1899; Rev. J. R. Sample, 1899-1903; Rev. R. W. Mottern, 1903-1904; Rev. S. T. Himes, 1904-1909; Rev. W. C. Spayde, 1910-1915; Rev. J. M. Weber, 1915-1920: Rev. C. O., Frank, 1920-1924; Rev. H. F. Miller, 1925-. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BROOK VIEL ers pomiiatesiasn Gan. De learned, the first Luther- + an pastor to preach in , Brookville was Rev. N. SATION p cae G. Scharretts, who serv- é ed as a travelling preach- |) =a = er of the West Pennsyl- ae vania in 1826. Similar : missionary service was rendered by Pastors Gustav Schulz and At Henry “David ‘Keyl in Ih ( ye .. Ft ‘ 120 eee heailaste named was commissioned to work in Jefferson .Coun- yee butathesract that) heel gave most of his time to. ; the settlements of Clar- ion County would indi- cate that he found but =U es £ 45 Ove HISTORY OF {LEE BITTSBURGH SYNG@D few Lutherans in this section. In 1844 Student John Rugan came to Brookville in company with John Boucher, and preached his first sermon on the second floor of the old jail. Three years later he made such a strong plea for these Brookville Lutherans to the Alleghany Synod that missionaries were provided for them. Student A. C. Wedekind served in 1848, Rev. John B. Breckenridge in 1849, and Rev. Philip Sheeder, 1849-1852. The last named made Brookville his headquarters, and organized “Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church”, September 4, 1850, with the following members: Boucher, John Clark, Maria Steck, Jacob S. Boucher, Elizabeth Coder, Daniel and wife Steck, Christina Burkett, Catherine McKinley, Hannah Smith, Catherine Burkett, Jacob Shackleford, Caroline Yeomans, Mary A. The first officers were John Boucher and Daniel Coder. A building site was secured, and the contract let for the erection of a church for $1,000... When the contractor failed, it was relet for $1,450. The building was dedicated by Pastor Sheeder, August 1, 1852, but the debt led to the resignation of the pastor, November 1, 1852. A donation of $119.50 from the Alleghany Synod was considered a great encouragement. The next pastor was Rev. Jacob H. Wright, who was told on his way by stage that the church was about to be sold by the sheriff. This proved false, and Pastor Wright served a large mission field, 1853-1856. His parish consisted of Brookville, Emerickville, St. John’s, and Grube’s, with Philippi, Bootjack, and Fairview as preaching points. In all these eight places there were 105 Lutherans, and they could not pay the $350 pledged to the pastor. His successor in the parish was Rev. Jacob Singer, 1858-1859, by whom the congregations were led into the Pittsburgh Synod. Their church | was renovated in 1891 at a cost of $4,000, and rededicated by Pastor J. J. Kerr, January 31, 1892. Additional improvements were made during the pastorate of Rev. William Hesse, 1902- 1907, which included the purchase of the frame parsonage. A new constitution was adopted, March 21, 1906, when the present name was assumed. The outstanding feature of the pastorate of Rev. William H. Brown, 1920-1922, was the raising and re- modelling of the church to conform to Lutheran ideals. This work was begun with the idea that the cost would be nominal, but change succeeded change until the cost mounted to $13,585. The Common Service Book and the churchly forms of the church were then introduced, and the congregation began to grow in spiritual force in the community. The church was re- dedicated by Pastor Brown, April 9, 1922. While Grace Church has never had a large membership, it is evident that the day of larger things is at hand. The pastors were: Rev. Philip Sheeder, 1850-1852; Rev. J. H. Wright, 1853-1856; Rev. C. A. Fetzer Tie reverent’ PDS BU RG Hee YN OD 573 (supply), 1857; Rev. Jacob Singer, 1858-1859; Rev. Joseph Welker, 1862-1866; Rev. G. F. Ehrenfeld, 1867-1868; Rev. I. J. Delo, 1869-1872; Rev. J. M. Wonders, 1873-1878; Rev. S. S. Miller, 1878-1879; Rev. Lewis Hay, 1880-1881; Rev. Wilson pelner, 1881-1882; Rev. D. W. Leitzell, 1882-1886; Rev. J. E. Zerger, 1886-1887; Rev. J. J. Kerr, 1889-1894; Rev. F. H. Criss- man, 1895-1896; Rev. G. W. Styer, 1896-1900; Rev. W. L. Leisher, 1900-1902; Rev. William Hesse, 1902-1907; Rev. W. W. Frey, 1907-1913; Rev. D. S. Weimer, 1914-1916; Rev. J. E. owe sire 1916-1920; Rey. W. 9H. sBrown{/1920-1922: Rev. R: F. Stolz, 1922-1924; Rev. L. J. Kaufman, 1925-. GRINTTY @hVANGELICAL LOTHRRANA CHURCH REYNOLDSVIEGE PA: When Rev. Isaac Brenneman became pastor of the North- eastern Mission of the Pittsburgh Synod, with headquarters at Ridgway, he extended his labors over a large territory. Coming to Reynoldsville, he organized the Evangelical Luth- eran Church of the Holy Trinity with 20 members, September 26, 1874. The first services were held in a house beyond Big Soldier Run, but later were transferred to a rented hall. A lot was donated by Thomas Reynolds, on which the corner stone of a church was laid by Pastor Brenneman, September, 17, 1875, but hard times and the great fire halted the work, so that no services were held for five years. In the mean- time the pile of lumber accumulated at the site gradually dis- appeared; and the lot, never formally deeded, reverted to the owner. The church was reorganized by Pastor J. H. Kline in February, 1881, with 30 members, but by this time the build- ing of the railroad had shifted the growth of the town, and it was found advisable to secure another site. ‘Three members bought a lot on Jackson street for $300, and donated it to the church. On this lot a frame church was built at a cost of $2,300, which was dedicated by Pastor Jacob Ash, September 13, 1885. During the pastorate of Rev. J. H. Kline the parish consisted of Reynoldsville, Emerickville, Chestnut Grove, and Dubois, but in 1885 Dubois withdrew. During the pastorate of Rev. J. W. Myers, 1903-1908, the congregation increased to 120 members, but constant changes of pastors has inter- fered seriously with its proper development. For several vears only summer supplies were available. The pastorates in their order were: Rev. Isaac Brenneman, 1874-1875; Va- cant, 1875-1881; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1881-1885; Rev. Jacob Ash (supply), 1885-1886; Rev. Emanuel Cressman, 1887-1892; Rev. Jacob Ash (supply), 1893-1894; Rev. P. W. Metzenthin, 1895- 574 HISTORY: OF THE9PLTTSBURGH SYNOD 1898; Rev. E. Haecker, 1898-1899; Rev. George Johannes, 1899- 1901; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1903-1908; Rev. C. FE. Rudy, 1909- 1910; Rev. P. I. Morentz, 1911-1912; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1912- 1916; Supplies, ,1916-1919; "Rev: JiwN: Wetzler,.D:De 19172 1921; Supplies, 1921-1922; Rev. R. L. Leatherman, 1922-. n> Le (BAUS pH WAING EAST O A aes We EE! Roe Cee irs eae HORMTOWYN, PA. For many years the Lutherans of this community at- tended. services in Emerickville. While Rev. J. G. Young frequently preached in German in private homes, he made no effort to organize a congregation. The first regular services were conducted by Rev. Joseph Welker, 1862-1866, when he preached once a month in the school house. In the summer season services would be held-in the adjoining woods. All his services were conducted in English. The synodical contro- versy in the Emerickville Church interfered with these serv- ices, and no attempt was made to establish a congregation un- til 1883, when Rev. J. H. Kline organized the Chestnut Grove Lutheran Church with 25 members. Among the first mem- bers were the Smiths.) snyders, Hetricks;;Krohs, schicken Starrs, Sherwoods, Deemers, Berkhouses and Becks. Henry Kroh donated a fine chestnut grove of three-fourths of an acre, in which a frame church was built for $2,000. The cor- ner stone was laid, June 17, 1883, and the church dedicated by, Pastor Kline, October 28) 1883" Here ithe conerecation worshipped for twenty-nine years, and then decided to re- locate. A lot in Hormtown was donated by Jonathan Smith, on which the old frame church was rebuilt. It was rededi- cated as st. Paul’s “Evangelical, Lutheran, Churchsbystaccen Paul-I.-Morentz,: Junes2, 1912. A “numberjor member ssone jected to this relocation and withdrew from the church; but nearly all returned in later years. ‘The pastors of the congre- gation have been those of Reynoldsville Parish. ST. MATTHEW’S EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH KINO 21D AE eae Ar The founders of St. Matthew’s were former members of old St. John’s. Pastor I. J. Delo began to hold services for them in a school house in 1871, and these finally led to the erection of a church. This church was built at a cost of $2,200, and was dedicated by Pastor J. M. Wonders, January 31, 1875. The con- gregation was organized in the church on the day before dedi- — cation with the following members: HISTORY OF THE .PITTSBURGH SYNOD 575 Alshouse, John Knisely, Solomon Shaffer, Jacob Alshouse, Anna Knisely, Eliza Jane Shaffer, Catherine Barnett, Daniel Mohney, Adam Sherry, John Barnett, Rachel Mohney, Caroline Sherry, Catherine Bucher, John and Mary Shaffer, John Sherry, : Fultz, John and Elizabeth Shaffer, Charlotte Silvering, Mary Within a short time the congregation was increased to 40 memibers, but its isolated position has always made it difficult to serve. From 1876 to 1882 it was connected with the Alleghany Synod; since 1882 it has bechmamsinembers one. the Pittsburgh Synod. This congregation is composed of excellent people, has a good Sunday School, and qs} has sent four young men ne into the ministry. These ae ministers.are .C. .W..Bar- | : Dot mel dcim sem tlinnicsy ari John B. Kniseley, and §. yr A. Earl Mohney. The “4A? following pastors have pemveamucre ai evar). iM: Wonders, 1875-1876; Reve a. }ohn-ee 2: Miller, 7 lis7 Oakey So skevee [7a 1h te es ps Gladhill, 1878-1882; Rev. Qe COE2EGaie: W. E. Crebs, 1882-1883: ee oe se Rey, J. F. Dietterich, ak 1884-1885; Rev. D. W. : Leitzell, 1887-1896; Rev. I. P. Neff, 1898-1902; Rev. John Tom- linson, 1902; Rev. William Hesse, 1903-1907; Rev. W. W. Frey, 1907-1913; Rev., D. S. Weimer, 1914-1916; Rev. J. E. Lowe Jr., 1916-1920; Rev. W. H. Brown, 1920-1922; Rev. R. F. Stolz, 1922-1924; Rev. L. J. Kaufman, 1925-. Q CiN—h- ty, cheer =H pibesE AOL > HVANGCE LIGA UU LEE RAN CHU RCE CO@ a> LRN GAL One of the oldest churches of the county was organized in Abraham Hoch’s barn near Sprankle’s Mills by Pastor J. G. Young in 1838. During the same year a log church was built by Reformed and Lutherans, which was dedicated as St. John’s. When the log church was outgrown, a frame church was built on the ridge about two miles from Sprankle’s Mills. This church was dedicated in 1849. Many of the Lutheran pioneers of this section of the county received the sacrament at the hands of Pastor Young in both of these churches, and 576 HISTORY OF THE PIntTsBURGH oY NOD Lutheran pastors held services in the latter as late as 1871. In 1871 the Reformed and Presbyterians united in building St. Matthew’s Church in Worthville, in which the Lutherans of old St. John’s held services from 1871 to 1884. This con- gregation was reported to the Pittsburgh Synod as St. Mat- thew’s Church by Rev. ©. A. Fetzer, 11873-1874; Rev: Jacob Ash, 1875-1885; and Rev. J. N. Wetzler, 1883-1884. Pastor Wetzler reported 84 members in 1883 and 16 in 1884, which means that the majority of the congregation withdrew to or- ganize the Cool Spring Church. A lot of 163 perches was bought from Thomas A. McKinstry and David Buck for $35.10, on which a frame church was built for $2,800. Tradi- tion says that this church was dedicated in January, 1885. St. Paul’s Church was organized by Pastor Jacob Ash in 1884 with the following members: Bechtal, Lucy Himes, Mary J. Shaffer, George W. Coleman, John Raybuck, Adam Shaffer, Susanna Coleman, Clara Raybuck, Lydia Shaffer, Maria Coleman, Margaret Reitz, Godirey Smith, Charles Frederick, Solomon Reitz, Isaac Smith, Barbara Frederick,. Rebecca Reitz, Catherine Spare, Philip Frederick, Barbara Reitz, Lydia Spare, Christina Hetrick, Christina Reitz, Lydia (2 Spare, Hannah Hetrick, Catherine Reitz, John Stahlman, George Himes, John Reitz, Peter D. Stahlman, Narcissus Himes, William I. Reitz, Samuel Thomas, Godfrey Himes, . Delilah Reitz, Susanna Wolfgang, Jacob B. Himes, Susanna Reitz, Frank Wolfgang, Simon Himes, Mary C. Reitz, ——__—_ Wolfgang, Barbara The congregation has never been large, but is composed of substantial people. From 1884 to 1890 it was part of Red Bank Parish; since 1890 it has been connected with Ringgold Parish, receiving services every two weeks. The pastors were: Rey. 5 Jacob Ashe l 33421889 kh ev te). HR ie ee 1890; Rev. A. H. Kinnard, 1890-1893; Rev. Herman Ruphoff, 1894; Rev. C. J. Streich, 1896-1901; Rev. A. F. Schaeffer, 1901- 1903; Rev. J. M. Axe, 1904-1921; Rev. C. S. Brewer, 1921-1926. FIRST ENGLISH EVAN, LUTHERAN CHURCH BURNS Oc AINE Veale Among the earliest pioneers of this community were a num- ber of Germans, who were organized into a union Reformed and Lutheran Church by Rev. John Althaus in 1838. Out of this congregation the Martin Luther German Lutheran Church was ofganized by Revie.G: Co Brandt wi@cioberw7 21655. mates original constitution of this church was a clause requiring all pastors to belong to a district synod of the General Synod, but it was not enforced. While this German Church enjoyed a fair degree of prosperity, there was a strong demand for the organi- zation of an English Lutheran Church long before one was pro- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 577 vided. When the coal ) x fields of this section were i Sr, i] opened, 1880-1885, there Ze t was a large increase in Lec Deeb the population of the aos = Ni town, and the newcom- ers were responsible for the organization of First Church. .C. Luther Lowe came here from Smicks- burg in 1887, and agreed with Oliver Crissman, while a_ convalescent from typhoid fever, that a General Synod congre- gation would be organiz- ed. Smicksburg and dirademGity: ‘Lutherans formed the nucleus of the church which was @) organized, December 9, 1888, with 43 members. ‘The first place of meeting was Bair Hall, which was offered them at the nominal weekly rental of two dollars, with light and heat furnished. The Cumberland Presbyterians also showed them many kindnesses. The charter members of the congregation were the following: Bayer, Catherine Franz, Albert Quigley, W. H. Boucher, J. C. Gates, Mary Robinson, A. C. Boucher, R. L. Goheen, Anna Robinson, Syke Boucher, Millie Good, D. D. Robinson, ata Boucher, James Good, Nanna Robinson, Harry L. Boucher, William Greaves, Ellen Robinson, Rebecca Boucher, W. W. Kensinger, L. S. Robinson, W. E. Condron, James M. Kensinger, Martha Robinson, Mina Condron, Aggie M. Kerr, Vol Snyder, David and wife Crissman, Oliver Lowe, D. A. Streamer, W. A. H. Crissman, Mary Lowe, Ida Wagner, J. Diltz, Sarah Lowe, C. Luther Wagner, Clarissa EhrhardasA. 2b. Lowe, Josie W. Walters, Dr. J. A. Ehrhard, Dora Nanz, William C. Weiss, Anna M. Since 24 of these members came from Smicksburg Parish, they were intimately acquainted from the beginning, and a fine social spirit prevailed. ‘The first chtirch officers were C. Luther ean erm web oucher Dy da Goodgons why i chards Wis Aue) Streamer, and Oliver Crissman. The constitution was adopted, December 30, 1888, and a Sunday School of 32 scholars organ- ized on the same day. The old house on Pine street, in which the two Smicksburg men had conceived the organization of the church, was bought for $3,200 in 1890, but part of the lot was sold for $1,550. The corner stone of the church was laid, June 1, 1893, and the building used for the first time, February 24, 578 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1894, but the dedication did not take place until June 23, 1895. It was built of brick, with a spire, at a total cost of $11,000. Im- provements were made in 1913 at a cost of $6,500, and a pipe organ was installed in 1922 at a cost of $1,800. The debt was cancelled before 1920, and the West Mahoning street parsonage was then bought and renovated at a cost of $6,000. The church was incorporated, February 5, 1891, and has been a self-sustain- ing parish since 1896. The pastors were: Rev. B. E. Shaner, 1889-1891; Rev. Peter Ewald, 1891-1894; Rev. S. E. Smith, 1894-1898; Rev. J. R. Sample, 1899-1903; Rev. R. W. Mottern, 1903-1904 ;Rev. S. T. Himes, 1904-1909; Rev. W. C. Spayde, 1910-1915; Rev. J. M. Weber, 1915-1920; Rev. C. O. Frank, 1920-1924: Rev. H. F. Miller, 1925-. CHAPTER XVIII CHURCHES OF MERCER AND LAWRENCE COUNTIES 1805-1924 +9 “The Lord is my defense; and my God is the rock of my refuge STH Mere COUNTY was taken from Allegheny, ~~I March 12, 1800, but not organized for iadieiat purposes until 1803.. Lawrence County was ane formed from the southern part of Mercer and si the northern part of Beaver, March 20, 1849. While Mercer and Lawrence County lands were secured to the state by the treaties of 1784 and 1785, the west- ern Indians refused to recognize their validity; and the vic- tory of General Wayne in 1794 was needed to establish the claim. In 1792 the Pennsylvania Legislature passed a law that all lands west of the Ohio and Allegheny rivers, not re- served for other purposes, should be sold to settlers at twenty dollars per hundred acres, provided they would improve and cultivate them; but not until after the victory of Wayne were many ready to run the risk of settlement. For this reason the earliest settlements were not effected until 1795. The pioneers of these two counties were chiefly Scotch-Irish, with here and there a small group of Germans. The last named were so widely scattered that it was exceedingly difficult for the pioneer Lutheran and Reformed pastors to gather them into congregations. This fact also helps to explain some of the failures of later years. In 1796 the Kecks, Klingensmiths, and Loutzenhisers from Westmoreland County settled in West Salem Township, making possible the founding of Good Hope Church in 1805. To the old log church erected by these pioneers came all the Germans of this part of the county to worship. Governed by ties of faith and language they count- ed it no hardship to travel ten or twelve miles to hear the word of God and receive the sacrament. A second congre- gation was started in the Wolf Creek region near Grove City at an early day, Michael Kuchler assisting Pastor Henry Huet as his catechist. This teacher was given a. license to preach by the Synod of Ohio, June 4, 1828, and became the outstand- ing figure in the history of the Lutheran Church of Mercer County. He helped to organize St. John’s Church of Dela- ware Township in 1837, which is now recognized as the strongest rural Protestant church of this region. While he 580 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD rarely reported more than six churches to his synod, he al- ways had at least as many more preaching stations. The scarcity of pastors made it impossible to give the Germans of this county proper spiritual care; and the result was the abandoning of no less than six promising congregations. Ger- mans from Maryland settled near Pulaski, but the St. Daniel’s Church which they organized perished from neglect. One of the more prominent Germans of the county was John Krill, who settled near Mercer in 1806. Krill’s school house was a preaching appointment of Lutheran ministers for a number of years. Pastor Henry Ziegler removed this church from the country into the town of Mercer in 1846, but the congrega- tion disbanded in 1878. In the northeastern section of the county was another little band of Germans, who with their children maintained a congregation in New Lebanon for many years, but were finally compelled to yield to the pressure of isolation and disband. In no other section of the Pittsburgh synod, have, so many, failures! been recorded "i101 ee were 12 Lutheran church in Mercer County with 1,412 mem- bers, four of which belonged to the Ohio Synod and one to Missouri. In the same year the statistics for Lawrence County showed 11 churches with 1,583 members, two of which be- longed to the Finnish Suomi Synod and one to the Augustana Synod. GOOD HOPE EVANGELICAL LU THA NSCr GIG WEST SALEM TOWNSHIP, MERCER: COUINT Neen Among the earliest pioneers of Mercer County were Jacob Keck, Jacob Loutzenhiser, Daniel, Peter, and John Klingensmith, Pennsylvania Germans from Old Westmoreland, who settled in West Salem Township in 1796. . by Rev. John Esensee: The parish of this pastor consisted of Middle Lan- caster, Prospect German, Jerusalem, and Wuer- temberg, all services be- ing conducted in Ger- man. ‘The congregation was even then known as = ee LI cam) Bethlehem Church, al- —— = fassarran) foseomneae se: Nee) > =< though a church building was not erected until much later. On May 8, 1849, Pastor Esensee removed to Indiana, and was succeeded by Rev. Herman Mantz, a pastor of the Pittsburgh Synod, who served from 1849 to 1852. In the last named year, Doctor W. A. Passavant visited the congregation, which then worshipped in the old school house, and urged the twenty members to build a suitable church. Michael Liebendorfer agreed to donate a good site and fifty dollars; others made equally liberal pledges; but for some reason the church was not built. Rev. H. C. Kaehler took charge of the congregation in 1853, and served them for two years. In 1855 Pastor Schweizerbarth returned for a sec- ond pastorate, and a constitution prepared by him was adopted, October 25, 1855. The old German Church Book, in which this constitution was recorded, was begun, August 12, 1842, and the first recorded communion service was held, October 16, 1842, when twenty-six persons received the sacrament. During the years, 1842-1844, the following family names are found among the communicants: Elliott, Elsesser, Fischer, Freitag, Gall, Geiger, Glaser, Grieb, Hubeisen, Jung, Liebendorfer, Mesard, Rapp, Roch, Schell, and Strittmatter. The Wehmann, Wein- garten and Lenz families came later. Pastor Schweizerbarth’s second pastorate lasted for only a few months in 1855, and Pastor C. F. W. Brecht gave them occasional supplies in 1856. From August 1, 1857, to July 26, 1863, they were served every two weeks by the German pastors of New Castle. In 1865 they were reported vacant, and Rev. Herman Gilbert took them under his care, serving from 1865 to 1867, and dedicating their new HiplORY OB THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 589 church. The ground for this church was bought from Hugh Smiley for $50, and the location was frequently called ““Smiley’s Hill.” The church was built of frame, 30x40, and was dedicated by Pastor Gilbert, November 25, 1866. It is said that the first English sermon preached to this congregation was the dedication sermon of Doctor Henry W. Roth, and this introduction of the English language, coupled with the fact that the congregation was admitted into the Pittsburgh Synod in 1867, started a dis- sension in the church that proved disastrous. A law suit de- veloped from the controversy, which was finally decided in favor of the synod party in 1874, but before that time came the con- gregation had been hopelessly divided. The German element, under the leadership of John F. Geiger, decided to organize a new church, and regular services were begun in Mt. Hope school house in 1867. The English element continued to hold services in Bethlehem Church, but were so few in numbers that they dis- banded in 1878, and sold their property to the German Church of Ellwood City in 1894. In the meantime, the German or anti- synod party effected a reorganization under the name “Zion’s German Evangelical Congregation”, November 21, 1874, and proceeded to secure a new church. In their constitution they declared that the congregation might select any preacher who .suited them, Lutheran, Reformed, or Evangelical, and that he would not be required to belong to any synod. ‘The earlier sub- scribers to this new constitution were the following: Albern, Heinrich Leonhardt, Karl F. Schwarz, Ludwig Fuchs, Georg Leonhardt, Heinrich Schwarz, Ludwig, Jr. Fuchs, Heinrich Rohr, Andreas Wehmann, F. Geiger, John Frederick Rutter, Heinrich Wehmann, Ernst Gregor, Karl Rutter, Georg Wehmann, Karl Jung, Jacob Schweinsberg, John F. Wehmann, John Ketterer, Philip Schweinsberg, Johann Wehmann, William Kiesling, Jacob Schweinsberg, Wilhelm Weingartner, —— — The first church officers were: John Frederick Geiger, F. Wehmann, Jacob Jung, and Ernst Wehmann. It was a purely German organization, no English preaching being permitted ex- cept by a majority vote of the Church Council. On October 31, 1874, John Frederick Geiger agreed to donate an acre of ground for church and burial purposes, provided a church would be built at once, that it should be a German Evangelical Church, and that it should not belong to any synod. The corner stone was laid, August 22, 1875, and the church dedicated by Pastor F. G. E. Knauth, October 31, 1875. It was a small frame building, 24x34, with three windows on either side, but served the congregation for many years. After a period of twenty years, a strong de- mand again arose among the younger people for English preach- ing; and the last German sermon was preached in Zion by Rev. Henry Voegele in 1895. The protest against all synodical affilia- tions also lost its force in the course of time. A new constitu- 590 HISTOR YO HERE Pan LOB URGE ta tion was adopted, November 15, 1914, in which the congregation assumed the name, “Zion’s Evangelical Lutheran Church of Wayne Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania’, and the church was formally admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod, June 11, 1917. The pastors of the original Bethlehem Church were: Rev. J. G. C. Schweizerbarth, 1837-1842; Rev. John Esensee, 1842- 1849; Rev. Herman Mantz, 1849- 1852; Rev. H. C. Kaehler, 1853- 185520 eval MGC: Schweizerbarth (supply), 1355¢R Gyan ale W. Brecht (supply), 1856; Rev. William Strobel, 1857-1859 ; Rev. Frederick Zimmerman, 1859-1861; Rev. J. H. C. Schieren- beck, 1862-1863; Rev. Herman Gilbert, 1865-1867; Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1867- 1873: Supplies, 1873-1877; Rey. hetene item 1877-1878. The pastors of the reorganized Zion Church were: Rev. E. F. Winter, 1868; Rev. J. G. Butz (supply), 1871; Rev. J. Herr (supply), 1873; RewiG. HB Knauth, 1874-1875 - Rev. George Ott, 1875-1878; Rev. H. Cordes, 1879; Rev. K. Walz, 1880; Rev. Ivan Dietrich, 1881-1884; Rev. C. J. Bohnen, 1885; Rev. J. J. Meissner, 1886-1887; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1888-1890; Rev.) P. J.C. .Glatzert,,, 18904189 Rev Henrys V oegelemp aa. 1895; Rev. Peter Riffer (second term), 1896-1902; Rev. A. P. Lentz, 1902-1914; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1914-1923; Rev. G. F. Hegele, 1923- 1924 - Rev. Ludwig Beisecker (second term), 1924-1920. : SALE MVE MANGE TLICALSL ULHE RAN CER GED OTTER CREEK TOWNSHIPHMERCER COnsPAr Otter Creek Township lands were not among those taken up by the first settlers of Mercer County. As lateias 1845 there was still much uncleared land in this section. The greater part of the early settlers were Germans of Lutheran and Reformed faith. The largest landowner among the pio- neers was Andrew Bush, who came from Trumbull County, Ohio, about the year 1840, and purchased a large part of the valley lying southeast of Pleasantville. Mr. Bush was a Lutheran, who donated the ground on which a log church was built by Reformed and Lutherans. This church was dedicated under the name of Emmanuel. Tho two congregations were organized by Pastors Zeiser and Kranz in 1842. Sometimes the church was called Donation, because it was located on what were known as “Donation Lands’, but the most familiar local name was Bush Church. From 1842 to 1855 the congre- gations worshipped together in the old log church, and then a frame church was erected in its stead. Later there was a friendly separation, the Reformed building a large brick church nearby, and the Lutherans remaining in the frame HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 591 church. During the first 39 years Emmanuel Church was un- der the care of the Joint Synod of Ohio, but many of the people were not satisfied with the position of the pastors on the questions of pulpit fellowship and secret orders. When Doctor Henry W. Roth was invited to preach for them, the officers of the church locked the church doors against him, and he was compelled to preach in the open air. ‘This event led to such bitter feelings that sixty members of the congre- gation withdrew from Emmanuel, held a meeting in the school house at Kitch’s Corners, and were organized as Salem Evangelical Lutheran Church by Rev. C. A. Fetzer and Doc- tor Henry W. Roth, April 16, 1881. The first members of the Church Council were Henry Mowrey, Adam Hoffacker, and Philip Gartz. The following family names are found on the first communion record: Billig, Pauly, Mowrey, Monaweck, Hoffacker, -Gartz, and Fisher... On May 13, 1881; one and a half acres of land were bought from S$. J. Coon, and it was de- cided to build a Lutheran Church, in which the Reformed would be granted the privilege of worship. A small frame church was built at a cost of $1,000, and dedicated by Pastor C. A. Fetzer, November 19, 1881. After the separation Luth- eran services were held in Emmanuel Church by Ohio Synod pastors for a number of years, but the congregation gradu- ally dwindled in membership until it disbanded. ‘The frame church building was removed by the Ohio Synod to Grove City, and the pipe organ was taken to Youngstown, Ohio. A few of the members of Emmanuel then united with Salem, but the greater part went to St. John’s or united with Jeru- salem Reformed Church, This unhappy division of forces was a serious blow to the interests of Lutheranism in the com- munity, from which it has not recovered to the present day. While the church has been fortunate in being connected with the Mercer County Parish, and having an excellent class of pastors, the congregation has never been large. Starting with sixty members in 1881, it was increased to 120 during the pas- formate or Rey..Gr Ao Petzer, but audeciineithen,set:in,.and only 38 ‘were reported in 1922. Under Pastor Fetzer, half of the services were held in German and half in English. Pastor Peter Riffer was accustomed to make his sermon part German and part English, but, before he closed his pastorate in 1910, the last of the German services had been held in Salem. The following pastors have ministered here since the division: Rev. C. A. Fetzer, 1881-1887; Rev. W. M. Rehrig, Ph.D., 1887- [5046 -Reve WwW. G. Dressler; 1895- 1OO/Pak ev, pon B- otupp, 13897- 1901; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1902-1910; Rev. Wilson Yeisley, 1910- 1919: Rev, C: E. Schweikert, 1920-1923; Supplies, 1923-. 592 HISTORY QF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ST. PAULS EVANGELIGAPADUDH ERAN eC UG i NEW CASTLE, PA. One of the oldest towns of northwestern Pennsylvania is New Castle, early settlers being attracted by the promising water power of the Shenango and Neshannock. ‘The early settlers of 1800, however, were either English or Scotch-Irish, the first German immigrants from Wuertemberg not coming here until about the year 1845. A missionary was sent to them in the per- son of Pastor Casper Braun, who organized a congregation of 27 members, August 28, 1848. The first members were: Aeg, Mr. and Mrs. F. Reiber,, Mr. and Mrs. H. Schuh, P. Becker, C. Reiber, Andreas : Schuh, Mrs. W. Becker, Karl Reiber, Johannes Seifert, Friedrich Becker, Wilhelmina Reiber, Mrs. Elizabetha Seifert, Elizabetha Hochmaier, J. Reiber, Konrad Stapf, Friedrich Knoblach, P. Reiber, Mrs. Anna Maria Strittmatter, Joseph Knoblach, Mrs. J. Reibers Hie. Tiree, Strittmatter, Anna M. Mueller, Mr. and Mrs. A. Sauieiwy les Welsch, Elizabetha Their first constitution was not adopted until January 28, 1849, when a Sunday School of 100 pupils was organized. The first Church Council consisted of Joseph Strittmatter, Friedrich Seifert, elders; and F. Aeg and Friedrich Stapf, deacons. The establishment of the congregation was attended by serious diffi- culties, since many of these Germans were hostile to the Church. Pastor Braun became discouraged and removed to. Texas in 1849. The next regular pastor was Rev. H. C. Kaehler, 1851-1856, under whose leadership a fine corner lot was secured as a build- inga sites Lhe} ao tame stone of a small church was laid by Pastor Kaehl- er in October, 1851, but there is no record of its dedication. It was built of brick .atija deostarer $2,000, but this proved such a large sum to the poor Germans that it was threatened by _ sheriff’s sale. Acting under the advice of Doctor Passa- vant, the congregation was incorporated under the title “First German Evangelical Lutheran Church and Congrega- tion,, New. .Castles Page August 13,, 1852: Bhe help of the Pittsburgh HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 593 Synod saved the life of the congregation, and they were able to pay a large part of their debt within a few years. After the debt was paid the work of the church was pressed with such vigor that many new members were added. The large parish of Pastor Kaehler then consisted of seven churches, so that he could not give the necessary attention to the New Castle church. When he resigned in 1856, a self-supporting parish was organ- ized, consisting of New Castle, Jerusalem and Wuertemberg. The first pastor of the new parish was Rev. William Strobel, who served from 1857 to 1859. The New Castle church paid $300 of the pastor’s salary. The successors of Pastor Strobel were Pastor Frederick Zimmerman, 1859-1862, and Pastor J. H. C. Schierenbeck, 1862-1867, who preached only at New Castle and Wuertemberg. The next pastor was Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1867- 1875, under whom a good parsonage on Crawford avenue was bought for $2,000. The large lot of one and a half acres was planted with many fine fruit trees. This was the first of four parsonages owned by St. Paul’s. The first was sold to John Braun; the second, located at 249 Grant avenue, was sold to Fred Kuech for $2,500; the third, located at 805 Emerson avenue, was bought for $4,750 in 1917; the fourth, located at 301 N. Jefferson street, was secured at a cost of $17,000 in 1924. The last named adjoins the church ground, and was one of the best moves in the history of the congregation. Another good move was the purchase of the adjoining lot on North Jefferson street, 46x160, at a cost of $13,000 in 1925. New Castle formed a parish with Corry, 1870-1871, but this proved very un- satisfactory. Pastor Jaeckel resigned in 1875, and his immediate successors were: Rev. John Fritz, 1875-1880; Rev. Gustav Schulz, 1880-1884; Rev. C. J. Bohnen, 1885-1889; and Rev. P. J. C. Glatzert, 1890-1897. During the last named pastorate there was a large increase in the population of the city, largely because of the establishment of steel mills; and a new constitution was adopted, October 11, 1891, in order to meet the new conditions. The organization of St. John’s Church in 1895 taught them that larger provisions would be needed for the English in their serv- ices. Many of the younger people went either to St. John’s or to other congregations. Plans were also made for the erection of a larger church, but a great mistake was made when they sold the front part of their lot in order to raise the necessary funds. This was corrected in 1924, when they repurchased the property for $17,000. The new church was dedicated by Pastor R. R. F. Boethelt, April 9, 1899, when addresses were made in both German and English. It was built of brick on the rear of their lot at a cost of $4,500. After entering this church the use of English was steadily increased. Beginning with the year 1886, there was a 594 HISTORY: OF “LEE WRIT TS BURGH SYNOD large influx of Siebenburger Saxon immigrants, the majority of whom found a spiritual home in St. Paul’s. This also meant a greater necessity for the German in the public services, During the pastorate of Rev. W. C. Miller, 1915-1920, many improve- ments were made, among which were the installation of a large Hillgren-Lane pipe organ. The last of the church debt was dis- charged on Christmas of 1922, when Pastor Hegele in a public service consigned the mortgage to flames. At that time the con- gregation numbered 500 confirmed members and had a Sunday School of more than 300 children. A feature of the church life of St. Paul’s is the Sunday morning children’s service, during which the entire school, led by a junior choir, renders the full service of the Lutheran Church. Pastor Hegele also conducted schools in Hillville and Lowellville in order to conserve the in- terests of the parish. The pastors of St. Paul’s were: Rev. Casper Braun, 1848-1849; Rev. Gottlieb Bassler and Rev. Her- man Mantz (supplies), 1849-1851; Rev. H. C. Kaehler, 1851- 1856; Rev. William Strobel, 1857-1859; Rev. Frederick Zimmer- man, 1859-1862; Rev. J. H. C. Schierenbeck, 1862-1867; Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1867-1875; Rev. John Fritz, 1875-1880; Rev. Gustav Schulz, 1880-1884; Rev. C. J. Bohnen, 1885-1889; Rev. P, J. C. Glatzert, 1890-1897; Rev. R. R. F. Boethelt, 1897-1907 ; Rev. C. Frederick Frank, 1907-1915; Rev. W. C. Miller, 1915- 1920; Rev. G. F. Hegele, 1920-1925; Rev. A. M. Stump, 1925-. THEE GON GET LCA 1a ie RIN FL Tate Te ©) FD ELH Td ©) ever Nets GREENVILLE, PA, Among the first settlers of Mercer County was Jacob Loutz- enhiser, who came to the Shenango Valley from Westmoreland County in 1796, and bought the ground on which Greenville is situated in 1808. The early church relations of the Loutzen- hisers were with the Kecks and Klingensmiths of Good Hope. One of the pioneer pastors of Good Hope was Rev. Michael Kuchler, who gave practically his entire ministerial life to the service of the Germans of this county. On May 20, 1860, he held the first Lutheran service in Greenville, at which thirty-two received the communion. Father Kuchler continued to preach here for the next three years, but no church organization was effected. When Pastor W. F. Ulery came to Greenville in 1863 as the missionary of the Pittsburgh Synod, Pastor Kuchler gave him the largest possible encouragement. His first service was held in the West Greenville academy, December 25, 1864. A congregation of forty members was organized, April 15, 1865, with the following officers: Conrad Bittenbanner and Joseph Weber, elders; Daniel Phillips and Charles Bortz, deacons. Ger- HiSstORS OUT EsPITTSBURGE SYNOD 595 man and English serv- ices were alternated dur- ing the next winter, and the first communion was administered conjointly by Pastors Ulery and Reedy ie tae VWVihen wt the academy was closed against them in May, cenvicecanweres /heldhsin Henlein hall and then in tiemelearptais. teeehurch, Twelve heads of families then banded together to build a church. Pastor Ulery was made the col- lectomeanda,Woctor.Gy aL: Kughler the treasurer. A well located lot along the park had been bought by the two pastors during the previous vear. With limited funds but almost unlimited faith, the corner stone of a brick church was laid, September 25, 1866, when German and English addresses were made. When the great- ness of this undertaking was fully understood by the members, some grew faint hearted and deserted, but the saints persevered. At the end of the year, when the unfinished building had been fur- nished with rough plank seats and a huge stove installed in one corner, services began in their first permanent home. On May 4, 1867, the mission was reorganized under the present name. The first officers of the reorganized church were: Joseph Weber, VonneWurcsts Dantel Pinllips, IsaaceAmy, ‘Go Altenderfer Ds: Heilman, Martin Benninghoff, and Charles Bortz. Pastor Michael Kuchler was excused because of the infirmities of age, and was released, May 19, 1867. The church was dedicated by President Bassler of the Pittsburgh Synod, October 13, 1867, when the sermon was preached by Doctor Samuel Laird. The cost of the building was $14,350, and two of the members, Charles Bortz and Daniel Phillips, mortgaged their personal property in order to provide the funds. When this had been accomplished the congregation began to grow, numbering 167 communicants in 1870. The full service of the Lutheran Church was used for the first time on Christrnas of 1869. Pastor Ulery accepted a professorship in Thiel College, September 1, 1870, but supplied the pulpit for another year. The annual salary was $300, in addition to the missionary appropriation by the synod. After Thiel was removed to Greenville, the professors were 596 HISTORY OF*THE EIT ESBURGH SYNOD ready to supply the congregation with preaching. Doctor Henry Warren Roth deserves special credit for services rendered on many a dark day. The next regular pastor was Rev. Jeremiah Fishburn, 1879-1883, who also served Good Hope. A parsonage was bought during the second year of his pastorate, but sold within nine months because of the supposed inability of the con- eregation to manage the church debt and pay for the parsonage at the same time. The successor of Pastor Fishburn was Doctor J. A. Kunkelman, who began his pastorate, September 1, 1883. His educational methods were unique, but practical, and many new members were received. A Ladies Sewing Society was organized in 1883, which federated with the Working Associa- tion, and developed after several changes of name into the pres- ent Ladies Aid Society. The constitution of the church, after five years of study by a special committee, was revised in 1887. The congregation maintained a monthly German service in the church until May 1, 1889, when it was decided to abandon them unless there was a strong demand for their continuance. Such a demand never came. When Doctor Kunkelman resigned, April 1, 1894, he reported 230 members in the church and 176 in the Sunday School. The next pastor was Rev. W. M. Rehrig, Ph.D., who served under trying conditions from October 1, 1894, to January 1, 1898. The pastorate of Rev. Frank Clarence Oberly followed, October 19, 1898, to March 1; 1913; whier stands as the longest in the history of the church. Under his genial and patient ministry the old rock of spiritual inertia was broken and the most effective work accomplished. ‘The financial system was reorganized, the weekly envelope system introduced, the young people encouraged, the highest sense of church obliga- tion created, so that a new and living spirit pervaded the entire congregation. Mrs. James Heilman and Mrs. Sophia Lohr were elected congregational deaconesses, January 24, 1900, and did much to further the work of mercy and charity. When Andrew Carnegie offered to give $1,000 toward the purchase of a pipe organ, on condition that the church be free of debt, the organ was secured and the church freed from debt at the same time. A recess addition was built to the church as an organ chamber, and the organ was dedicated, April 8, 1904. In 1906 the charter of 1867 was revised to conform to the provisions of the laws of Pennsylvania; and the members of the Church Council, under the amended charter, were limited to the pastor and deacons. The Womans Home and Foreign Missionary Society of Trinity Church was organized in 1906, and rapidly developed into a strong auxiliary. Near the close of this pastorate a new church movement was started by Pastor Oberly, but his resignation checked it until a later day. Pastor Oberly’s successor was Pastor Walter Langhans, who served from August 1, 1913, to HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 997 February 15, 1919. The new pastor followed closely the meth- ods of his predecessor, and the splendid organization continued to produce results. The publication of “The Messenger” was continued and the building project encouraged. Plans for the erection of a church to cost $35,000 were made, and these plans were approved by the great majority of the congregation. ‘Then came the World War, and all thought of building was laid aside. The Ladies’ Aid Society, however, announced that they had not quit work, and that they would pledge $5,000 toward the pro- posed church. When Pastor Langhans declined a call to St. John’s Church of Pittsburgh in May, 1917, he did so with the understanding that the congregation would build. The old church was refrescoed at.a cost of $550, but the urgency of the building program was never silenced. In September, 1917, the adjoining Losell property, including three lots and two houses, was purchased in order to enlarge the building site. This was the situation when Pastor Henderson N. Miller began his pas- torate, August 1, 1919. Three more lots adjoining the purchase of 1917 were then secured, giving ample room for the building of a great church side by side with a modern parish house. The question was then raised as to whether it would be the better policy to build the church or the parish house first; and the de- liberate judgment of the congregation finally gave first place to the latter. Accordingly the parish house was built and equipped with all the conveniences of an up to date Sunday School. It was built of stone in harmony with a plan that will eventually place a church of corresponding architecture by its side. The entire cost of this building was $60,000. It was dedicated by Pastor Miller, May 28, 1922, when it was filled by a great school, numbering more than 500 and evidencing the possibilities of Sunday School work in this parish. When the debt was paid,in ,1925, plans swere laid for the completion “of the church. The order of the pastorates has been as_ follows: Rev. W. F. Ulery, 1865-1871; Rev. Michael Kuchler (associate), 1865-1867 ; Supplies, 1871- 1879 ; Rev. Jeremiah Fishburn, 1879- 1883 ; Rev. wae Kimkelmanve Dy 1833-1894 -) Rev. W. M. Rehrig, Ph.D., 1894-1898; Rev. F. C. Ober! y, 1898- 1913; Rev. Woo ivanchans, 1913-1919 Rev EN Miller, Ph, Ds; 1919-. ZIONJEVANGELIGAL LUTHERAN, CHURCH PYMATUNING TOWNSHIP, MERCER CO., PA. Pastors of Good Hope had preaching stations in this vicin- ity as early as 1836, but no attempt was made to organize a church until 1853, when thirty Lutherans and Retard of Good Hope built a church at Rickert’s Corners. Because of the 598 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD location it is frequently called Rickert’s Church. Because of the opposi- tion of the mother church no separate organization was effected until 1854. The first Lutheran pastor was Rev. Theodore Hengist, who preached in German from 1854 to to 1860. German serv- ices were continued in this church for at least thirty yearsieu) Chesiigst constitution was thor- oughly unionistic, one — treasurer serving for nn a both sides. The two con- & = DEO [eam eles Frames Oras E> Ss Amon, George ~.-.Oesterling, "A. O)"Speer, and Henry Albert: ‘[he original members were the following: Albert, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Genkinger, Paul W. Mitchell, Mrs. Elizabeth Albert, Mrs. G. J. Gregory, ALAS Oesterling, George S. Amon, Mr. and Mrs. Z. Heckart, Michael Oesterling, Laura Aukerman, JN ARE Heckart, Mrs. Elizabeth Rodenbaugh, Joseph Crore (et Kerber, "Mrs. Philip Rodenbaugh, Harriett Eckert, Mrs. Mary Kissinger, Mrs. Emma Seamon, James Genkinger, Louis G. Lindeman, Louis Speer, Mrs. A. O. Genkinger, Harriett Lindeman, Mrs. Ella Spencer, Mrs. J. W. The congregation was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1896 as the “First Evangelical Lutheran Church”, but the name was given incorrectly. The correct name is given in the legal charter of June 8, 1897. Pastor Scheffer preached his closing sermon here, May 24, 1896, after giving a gratuit- ous service for which St. John’s should hold him in everlast- ing remembrance. His successor was Rev. Joshua H. Miller, 600 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Ph.D., who served from June 17, 1896, to May 13, 1906, re- turning, October 1, 1906, to serve until January 6, 1918. The most impressive feature of this long pastorate was the steady progress of the church. There were no great “booms” con- nected with it, neither were there any reactions. He found a small mission, but left a strong congregation of 309 members. For the first seven years the place of meeting was the Y. M. C. A. Hall. A splendid church site, corner of Falls and North Mills streets, was bought from Samuel Critchlow, January 31, 1899, for a consideration of $4,500. When the Episcopalians sought to build a new church they were willing to trade their old church to the Lutherans for their lot and. a bonus "or $3,000. This deal was made, May 15, 1901. While it meant a loss that the next generation would be compelled to make good, it nevertheless gave to St. John’s a churchly place of worship, in which the congregation could gather the strength with which to do greater things. This church was rededi- cated by Pastor Miller, April 27, 1902; when he was assisted by Doctor Edmund Belfour, Rev. George U. Pruess, and Rev. R. R. F. Boethelt. The successor of Pastor Miller was Pastor H. J. Behrens, whose pastorate extended from September 15, 1918, to December’ 1, 1921. ° During ‘this time the congeregas tion was greatly strengthened in all departments of work, and the parsonage at 320 Winter avenue was. bought for $6,000. The Rev. F. FE. Stough began his work in the parish, March 1, 1922, and a new site on N. Jefferson street was bought for $25,000 in 1924. The order of the pastorates was as fol- lows: Rev. Nathanael Scheffer, 1895-1896; Rev. J. H. Miller, Ph.D., 1896-1918; Rev. H. J. Behrens, 1918-1921; Rev. F. E. Stouchy wo27 TRINITY ENGLISHe EVAN? LU DEAR RANS GE Rie PE VWViOO@ DOG vee After a preliminary canvass, the first English Lutheran serv- ices of this city were held by Rev. Robert R. Durst, Sunday eve- ning, February 4, 1894. For the next ten months, Pastor Durst conducted services regularly every two weeks. The congregation was organized, May 28, 1894, with the following members: Arkwright, ‘Mrs. Emma Davis, Mrs. M. A. Main, Mrs. Alexander Carl, Mrs. Scott Fox, Amanda McBride, NMirsoe fae Ce Dahl, . Albert Keller, Joseph Polaud, Mary Dahl, Mrs. Albert Keller, Mrs. Joseph Weaver, Luther Davis, Gertrude Lundgren, Mrs. Herman Weaver, Mrs. Luther Davis, Maud Mack, Mrs. Catherine Wehman, Mrs. E: F. The first Church Council was composed of Luther Weaver, Albert Dahl, Herman Lundgren, and Joseph Keller. The serv- Bip lone Orr eePrCTSBURGHSSYNOD 601 ice of Pastor Durst was given gratuitously, the rent and other incidental expenses being met from the current offerings. In November, 1894, Rev. Peter Riffer accepted a call and served until 1901. The congregation worshipped for a number of years in the building now known as the German Lutheran Church. At a congregational meeting, March 28, 1897, a committee reported that the lot on the corner of Spring avenue and Fifth street could be bought from Mr. Hartman for $500, the owner agreeing to donate $50, and the offer was accepted. Some time later the adjoining lot was also secured. The church was incorporated, May 3, 1897. The corner stone of a new church was laid ,by Pastor Riffer, October 28, 1900, but lack of funds interfered with the completion of the building, so that it was not dedicated nntilejulye 2) 1902, during the: pastorate ats Reve: AR. Lentz. The cost of this frame building was $2,600. Pastor Lentz spent twelve years in this parish, April 1, 1902, to April 12, 1914, bringing the mission to self-support in 1909, and building up a strong congregation of 158 members. During his pastorate a frame parsonage was erected on the lot adjoining the church at a cost of $2,600. He also accepted a call from the independent Siebenburger Church of Ellwood City, and served them every alternate Sunday afternoon with great acceptance. His _ suc- cessor was Pastor Ludwig Beisecker, who began his pastorate, September 15, 1914. Because of the need of more room, an addition was built to the east side of the church, 16x32, at a cost of $1,600. A service of rededication was conducted by Pastor Beisecker, July 16, 1916, when the address was made by Rev. Gi. Rankin., During the:course of the years the value of the church ground increased so rapidly, that it was decided to select another site and build a new church.. On April 1, 1920, the Lanigan property, corner of Crescent avenue and Sixth street, was bought for $15,000, and the trustees were authorized to place both properties on the market. These were sold in 1925, and a new brick church and parsonage erected on the corner of Second and Spring streets at a cost of $80,000. The order of the pastorates was as follows: Rev. R. R. Durst, 1894; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1894-1901; Rev. A. P. Lentz, 1902-1914; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1914-1926. PVN tes be CHU GE ere LAE CATGSBURG. CON- FESSION, SIEFBENBURGER SAXON BLEW @OODSCLIY PA. In as much as this is the oldest Siebenburger Saxon Church in America, a few words as to their national history will be in order. They owe their beginnings as a people to the wisdom oi 602 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD a Hungarian King, who welcomed a group of them to the southeastern border of his dominion, Li31-b162Z, *torthe-osten= sible purpose of teaching his own people greater skill in the arts of agri- culture. : The leaders of this first group of emi- grants to Hungary were Herman Von Nurenberg and’ Michael ~ Staedtem In their new home, they were subject to many at- tacks from marauders, so that they built seven great castles for defense. It) has been reneraiy, taught that it was from these seven castles they derived their cherished name of Siebenburgers. This however has been questioned. Their hard experiences on this eastern border of Hungary had the effect of deepening their spiritual life, so that they accepted the doctrines of the Reformation at a very early date, and clung to them when other parts of Hungary had been swept back into the Roman Church by the Counter Reformation. ‘Their great Reformer was Johannes Honterus. Since the period of the Reformation they have suffered much at the hands of both the Greek and Roman Churches, but held fast to their faith in spite of all hardships. In as much as there was always a close bond between faith and language in all these ex- periences, they have developed a natural love for the German language that is not easily broken. In 1885 three men of Reiches- dorf decided to seek their fortunes in America. A number of others followed, settling in Salem, Alliance, Cleveland, and Youngstown, Ohio, and in Monaca, New Castle, Farrell, Erie, and Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, forming the advance guard of no less than 30,000 Siebenburger Saxons, every one of whom was a baptized Lutheran. In as much as practically all these immigrants expected to return to Transylvania after a few years, they made little or no attempt to organize themselves into con- gregations, and the consequence was that many of them lapsed into serious moral faults, deeply deplored by their leaders. In some towns the people turned to the German Lutheran or Ger- man Evangelical pastors for the means of grace, but for the greater part they were satisfied to organize Siebenburger Saxon oye Os HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 603 Unions, and spend their time in the Union Halls. Had their strong nationalistic spirit not dictated a speedy return to their Fatherland, their church experiences would doubtless have been different. At the close of the World War, the idea of a return home was given up by the great majority of the people, and more attention was paid to the claims of the Church. Some of the earliest immigrants came to Ellwood City, where they easily secured work as laborers in the mills, although they had been farmers in their home land. Leaders of the Ellwood City Sieben- burgers soon realized that the organization of a Lutheran Church would do more to preserve their sacred customs and traditions than a secular union, and a congregation was established in 1902. The church building of the disbanding Bethlehem Church at Wuertemberg was secured at a low price and removed to EIl- wood City. This building was remodelled and beautified in harmony with Saxon ideals in 1917, the chancel being furnished with gifts of individual members. At the beginning, they were served by Pastor Michael Orendt, but his leadership was not successful. They then turned to Rev. Henry Voegele, a retired German pastor of the Pitsburgh Synod, who gave them occa- sional services. A different policy was established in 1904, when Rev. A. P. Lentz of Trinity Church was asked to serve them in connection with the Ellwood City Parish, and preach for them every alternate Sunday afternoon. Pastor Lentz accepted their call, and ministered to them for ten years. He reorganized the congregation, January 1, 1905, and the following persons became members: Berk, Joseph Lang, Andreas Schotch, Johann Berk, Maria Lutsch, Julius Schotch, Katharina Binder, Michael Mattes, Peter Schobel, Martin Binder, Susanna Mattes, Michael Schuller, Johann Botchner, Sara North, Johanna Schuller, Wilhelm Dreschler, Johann North, Christina Schuller, Martin Fleischer, Martin Mueller, Michael Schuller, Sara and Anna Gross, Michael and Kath. Mueller, Andreas Schuster, Michael (2) Greifnieder, George Mueller, Katharina Schuster, Stefan Hahn, Johann Mueller, Martin Schuster, Johann Hauerer, Johann Mueller, George Schuster, Johannes (2) Hauerer, Johann Mueller, Regina Schuster, Anna Herberth, Andreas Paal, Michael and Julia Schuster, Elizabeth Herberth, Anna Paal, John and Sara Seifert, George Homm, George Reiner, Martin Stadel, Michael Huber, Michael Reiner, Anna Theiss, Fritz Huber, Johann Riemer, Andreas Theiss, Katharina Huber, Susanna Sallman, Johann Trinnes, Michael Hutter, Michael Schell, Maria Wagner, Michael Jacobi, Stef. and Sara Schell, Michael Wester, Michael Koch, Heinrich Schmidt, Mathias Wonner, Johann Unsuccessful efforts were made to organize a Sunday School, and the greater part of the children were sent regularly to that of Trinity Church. German catechetical instruction was given every Saturday morning for two hours, September to June, and then three days a week from June 1 to July 15. Pastor Lentz was succeeded by Pastor Ludwig Beisecker, who served 604 HISTORY OF “LHe RIT SBOURGH SYNOD until August 1, 1924, when the congregation was made a separate parish under the care of Pastor Johann Zultner. About 200 members were enrolled at this time. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. Michael Orendt, 1902-1903; Rev. Henry Voegele, 1903-1904; Rev. A. P. Lentz, 1904-1914; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1914-1924; Rev. Johann Zultner, 1924-. GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH FARRELL, PA. A preliminary canvass of this community was made by Pastors Myers and Oberly in 1901; and the congregation was organized by Rev. G. S. Seaman, January 1, 1902. ° The first officers were A. Glasser, A. Bobenrieth, A. F. Mitler, C. W. Stewart, Mr. Conrad, and John-Kline. South Sharon was then in a primitive stage, and the lack of good walks made it dit- ficult to secure regular church attendance in rainy weather, but a temporary chapel was built during the winter and a church bell secured from Pastor I. O. Baker of Erie. The first regular pastor, Rev. J. A. Frischkorn, began his work, October 12, 1902. The first lot and temporary chapel were sold in 1903, and a good corner lot secured. Learning that a church in Pittsburgh was offered for sale, a committee made an examination and recommended that it be bought and re- built at Farrell. This was done at a total cost of $2,400, but much of the labor was donated. The corner stone was laid, August 23, 1903, and the church dedicated by Pastor Frisch- korn, October 18, 1903. The congregation was then an Eng- lish mission of the Pittsburgh Synod, receiving an annual ap- propriation of $500. Assistance was continued until May 1, 1921, when the church assumed self-support with an enroll- ment of 228 members. For the first ten years English alone was used in the services; then Pastor Peter Riffer began to hold afternoon services in German for the benefit of the Sie- benburger Saxons of the community. These services were so much appreciated that scores of the Saxons united with Grace Church. As their numbers increased more German services were required, until the morning service was given to the Saxons and the evening service to the English. When this was done a number of members left the church in protest. Two Sunday Schools were organized, one meeting in the church and the other in the basement at the same hour. Two Luther Leagues and two Ladies’ Aid Societies were also or- ganized for the benefit of the two parties. The language question came to a crisis in 1923, when the synod answered the:. several *petitions, presented” by /idirectiney-) that. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 605 Saxons should organize themselves into a separate congrega- tion. The number of members left in Grace Church after the separation was 165, a number of whom were Saxons. The pastorates in their order were: Rev. J. A. Frischkorn, 1902- POT ey as Obenatiil 90941908 mRev Ge sDiener1910- Hobie eve Peterhiiter (supply), 1912- 1913; Rev. J. J. Neu- aaieee 1913-1916; Rev. H. F. Gruhn, 1916-1924; Rev. A. H. Hoerbe, 1924-1925; Rev. P. EF. Porath, 1925-. HOG Ye LN TY Gey ANGHVICAT SEW DHE RAN GHURCH HELA RON PA This city was canvassed by Student Willard D. Allbeck in 1921, and services were held in the Chamber of Commerce building. Such was the hopefulness of the field that a church was organized by Doctor fee ee ollie er eptember 4, 1921. A constitution was adopted, and the first Ollisersy) wee: David Johnson, Charles John- Sore. stiines. Ha by Pebley, Mr. Rhodes, and Ist. slwodgeérss- Much difficulty was experi- enced in securing a mis- sionary for the field, and much of the spirit of the initial movement was Osh Vnen heyy Wile liam H. Brown reached uve wmypriclan- asthe iiirst regular pastor, Septem- ber 1, 1922, he could find but thirteen members. His first work was to or- i ganize a Sunday School of 17 members in his own house, which was later transferred to the regular place of meeting. A build- ing lot on South Oakland avenue, near East State street, was bought for $3,500 in the following December, and plans were secured for a modest church. The corner stone was laid, June 8, 1924, and the church dedicated by Pastor Brown, October 19, 1924. The entire cost of the plant was about $15,000. The building of this church gave the needed encouragement to the congregation, and the faithful thirteen soon found themselves in the midst of a growing work. 606 HISTORY OF THESPILTSBURGHSSYNOD BETHANY ENGLISH EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH NEW GAS] EPA’ At the request of several General Synod Lutherans of this city, Rev. Levi P. Young made a canvass in the summer of 1904, and found a number of families interested in the establishment of a congregation. ‘The first service was held, August 7, 1904, and the Sunday School was organized, September 4, 1904, with Edward Ray serving as the first superintendent. Bethany Church was organized by Rev. Samuel T. Nicholas in Odd Fellows Hall, South New Castle, December 4, 1904, with the following charter members: Anderson, Lewis and wife Heasley, Mrs. B. U. Selig, Mrs. Margaret Blocher, Paul and wife Heasley, Jessie Sonntag, J. P. and wiie Burchfield, Dr. W. C. Heasley, Andrew Thomas, Mrs. Burchfield, Mrs. W. C. Heasley, W. S. Thompson, Mrs. Mary Barber, Mrs. Margaret Lindeman, I. and wife Tripp, Mrs. Matthew Crawshaw, J. C. Overmoyer, f. C. and wife Wilson, Charles Cooper, Charles and wife Schaeffer, S. M. Wolfersberger, Samuel Dressel, Wm. and wife Schaeffer, Mrs. S. M. Wolfersberger, Mrs. S. Services were held in the Welsh Church on Mill street dur- ing the summer of 1905. After the resignation of Pastor Young, July 1, 1906, it was decided to relocate the mission on the hill. The lot on the corner of East Washington and Lutton streets was bought for $1,800, April 7, 1908. The corner stone was laid; August 9; 1908;-and the ‘church’ dedicated: by PastorsGmis Leatherman, November 1, 1908. It was a small brick building, 35x50, with the simplest of furnishings, and cost $4,300. In 1910 pews were secured from the First Church of Sharpsburg at nom- inal cost, and these add- ed much to the comfort of ,. th e =~ conerécatiom During the pastorate of Revige He: #57 = Hannan 1912-1916, a fine parson- age was erected at a cost of, $2:800, thes greater part of the work being done by the pastor and | members of the .congre- gation. During the pas- torates oly Revi \WViaee Sammel, October 1, 1919, oye ay ae the parish reached the oe “= a) position of self-support. Practically all the debt was paid in 1922, when HISTORY OF THE (PFDESBURGH SYNOD 607 the church enrolled 205 members. Since the beginning of 1920, Jerusalem Church of Princeton has been connected with the parish, receiving services every alternate Sunday afternoon. The pastors of Bethany were: Rev. L. P. Young, 1904-1906; Rev. C. G. Leatherman, 1906-1911; Rev. H. E. Harman, 1912-1916; tre vee ee ithe oO /aLO Love eve VW Re Sanimel of919-1922;; Rev. W. A. Zundel, 1922-1924; Rev. C. O. Frank, 1924-. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN SIEBENBURGER SAXON ST. JOHN’S CHURCH FARRELL, PA. Ipe tiie: spline som S75nanpetllionmol | /oy olebenbureer Saxons of Farrell was sent to the Pittsburgh Synod, asking for the services of a Saxon pastor. Inasmuch as the majority of the petitioners were members of Grace Church, and a num- ber of their countrymen had determined to remain in that church, the question was hard to answer. The Pittsburgh Synod finally settled the matter by sending a committee to Farrell with power to adjust the difficulty. This committee COusictedtOluh eves, Hemotouch. Reve Ge Wea iCritchlow, and Doctor Ernst A. Tappert, and effected the preliminary organ- ization of St. John’s Church, July 2, 1923. Rev. John Deutsch- lander was their first pastor, entering the field, July 8, 1923. Two building lots were bought in 1924, and plans were made for the erection of a church. The parish has been self-sus- taining from the beginning, with an enrollment of 174 mem- bers. LIS BAND DOG RETR, Vela ZAlONeE VANG E IGA be OE RAN: CHURCH PRN Pe hee WW No Eerie RUE Re GO UNHISY: PAY This church, usually known as New Lebanon, was or- ganized as a union church by Rev. Philip Zeiser of the Re- formed Classis in 1830. It was reorganized as a Lutheran congregation by Rev. Henry Ziegler, November 29, 1847, with 27 members. ‘The following family names were represented liechissorfanization Blatteebvanc st uret,, etterolt,. Grove, Lindsay, McCandrey, Moak, Overmoyer, Schaeffer, and Schrecengost. This church was made the center of one of the early misison fields of the Pittsburgh Synod, and was highly prosperous for a number of years. From 1867 to 1877 it was served by pastors of the General Council, after which it was 608 HISTORY*OPR MIHE JEEPS BURGH SYNOD connected with the Venango Parish of the General Synod. Their frame church was dedicated by Pastor John A. Nuner, January 27, 1856. The organization perished because of its isolated poistion and the consequent difficulty of providing them with regular pastors, SALEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH HAY PAW RENGE SCO Ney eb The first Lutherans to settle in this community were from Mitfln County. . They svere orcanized” by (Rev. some me ee with 13 members, August 19, 1850. A number of English families also settled in the community and these also became members of Salem Church. Ground for a church and ceme- tery were donated by Jamison Watson, and a frame church was dedicated, January 14, 1855. The parsonage was built in 1867 at a cost of $1,700. For many years this was one of the most prosperous of rural churches, and then came an Amish immigration, which bought all the available farming land and gradually expelled the original families. Salem Church per- ished with the expulsion. Before disbandment, the church and parsonage were deeded to the Pittsburgh Synod. Both proper- ties were sold later; but some of the furniture was given to the Sharon Mission, and the church bell to Bethany Church at New Castle CHAPTER XIX CHURCHES OF WASHINGTON COUNTY 1791-1924 “In due season we shall reap if we faint not”. EZASIASHINGTON COUNTY was erected, March 28, 1781, since when its territory has been much re- duced by the erection of the counties of Greene and Allegheny. It was settled chiefly by Scotch-Irish, of whom Judge Wilkeson says: “A more intelligent, virtuous and resolute class of men never settled any country than the first settlers of western Pennsylvania; and the women who shared their sacrifices and sufferings were no less worthy.” The first classical school of western Pennsylvania was established at Canonsburg by Doctor McMillan about the year 1773. The first sessions were held in a log cabin, but the attendance of students increased so rapidly that a stone’ building was erected in 1790. This was the beginning of Jefferson Col- lege, which later merged in Washington and Jefferson at Wash- ington. In the midst of this Presbyterian settlement, between the years 1767 and 1790, a number of Pennsylvania Germans established themselves. These were the fathers of the Evan- gelical. Lutheran Church of the county. Chief among these settlements was that of West Bethlehem Township, which was closely connected with the Jacobs settlement of Fayette County. Other groups of Germans ‘settled at Ten Mile, Pigeon Creek, Stecher’s, and Washington, All these were early organized into union churches of Reformed and Lutherans. While a number of Reformed pastors served in these settlements, the service was usually rendered by pastors of the Lutheran Church; and for this reason the congregations eventually became entirely Lu- theran. Among the early Reformed pastors was the Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber, the honored founder of the first Protestant Church of Pittsburgh. In one of these pioneer German churches, Mount Zion of Ginger Hill, was held a conference of Lutheran pastors in 1812, which eventuated in the organization of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio in 1818. All these churches, weak in numbers from the beginning, had to struggle for their existence against great odds. Only a few survived. The strength of the leading churches in Washington County is now classified as follows: Roman Catholic, 24,162; Presbyterian, 13,126; Methodist, 9,207; United Presbyterian, 7,479; Baptist, 610 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 4,769; Disciples, 3,861; Lutherans, 1,909. The Lutherans are divided as follows: Pittsburgh Synod, 7 churches with 1,295 mem- bers; Slovak Zion Synod, 1 church with 529 members; Joint Synod of Ohio, 2 churches with 85 members. BETHLEHEM EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH W. BETHLEHEM TWP., WASHINGTON COUNTY, PA. Bethlehem is one of the venerable churches of the Pitts- burgh Synod, having a continuous record from 1791. It is situ- ated in the open country, about seven miles southeast of Wash- ington. When the first Lutherans settled here cannot be defin- itely determined, but there is good reason to believe that Michael and John Adam Simon, two of the men most prominent in the founding of the church, took up lands here by tomahawk right before the year of purchase from the Indians. The first page of the baptismal register, opened by Rev. Johannes Stauch, May 1, 1791, shows that this pastor baptized five children of John Adam Simon and seven children of Michael Simon on that day. The nat- ural inference is that the children of these stalwart Lutherans were not baptized earlier, only because they lived in a wilderness where there were no Lutheran pastors to baptize them. The children of John Adam Simon were born in the years 1767, 1768, 1770, 1771 and 1772; those of Michael Simon were born in 1774, 1775, 1777, 1779, 1781, 1783 and 1786. Throughout the rest of the- record there are only two instances of the baptism of children born before 1790. The first evidence of a Lutheran organization in this community bears the date, March 29, 1788, when Michael Simon and wife conveyed to the trustees of the congregation, for a consideration of five shillings, two and one-quarter acres of ground for church, school and burial purposes. ‘The first build- ing erected here was a log school house of two rooms, one of which was intended as a residence for the schoolmaster. It had a clapboard roof, windows of greased paper, but no floor save the bare earth. It was the first school house of the township, and served also as a place of worship. So far as the old grave stones tell the story, the burial ground was first used in 1788, but it is by no means certain that there are no older graves. It was in the old log school house that Pastor Johannes Stauch began his ministry here, giving the sacrament to thirty-two communicants on October 30, 1791. The second place of worship was also a log building, which was dedicated by Pastors Johann Wilhelm Weber sandgCasper, semler, of thes Nerormeds sandemi seis Johannes Stauch of the Lutheran Church, November 5, 1797, under the name Bethlehem. This important event was engrossed by a skilled pensman in the old German Record. This log church : - - ne ae 3 > : & is . SO 6 ee 7 > Boe POS - ¥€ 3a oS ae Lo Abe) “ Se mene PY AD oss cae) é > Von ae ? ~ a) 2 : ¢ “is ee, “4 tee vi af Ca 6 Pai, OL. 0. fl, is : ge eo & ‘ Ui. Lease CC oe 2 ‘Y, Y/: ln ): ates We - a : ge Fafa ae gs Ag & 22a yew. 4 s - rao Be ss 2 —— ies % a ey As x * w ¥ io Pat ; * at Ma? the on! ee me fay Rese 7 t SF 4 an oe ta Xe . : _ & ea Ze x oe . 4 & f D. vA Se hate ‘ rec ae Ha - “f oe PR ba, * : 6 oe f gs aie atebe Btn ofr « oe cee s RK A QOR aia gy « os e ah Gs A : {3 oy sheescnt oe tesco 2 i & * i 1 Gn «ds Ee [% fo oe : BAQy te i ‘ ¥ aA oe Cy fs - - : . Poe ‘. x ee ae ve l7- Cc tf 7 & nny Cer er ea oS f). ey Taken Feet cn Sed ~e See: ( oe eee is ard fee 7} Placa £65k When 7 oa 3 + Pee PS 2 4 :

    = wan 1829, but the old records indicate that his term of service in the Washing- ton Church was from 1816 to 1829. During the period from 1806 to 1816, Rev. Demas Hertzler and Rev. John Peter Mahnen- schmidt of the Reformed Church served the congregation. Un- der the guidance of Pastor Mahnenschmidt, two building lots on the corner of West Walnut and North Franklin streets, 120x240, were bought from Peter Snyder and his wife Catherine, May 5, 1812, for a consideration of fifty dollars and an annual ground rent of two dollars. This ground rent was declared to be “for- ever due” to John and William Hoge and their heirs from all lot purchasers, but the people ceased payments after 1870. The two lots were conveyed to Jacob Weirich, Lewis Hewitt, David Sedicker, and Christian Hornish, acting trustees of the “German Lutheran and Presbyterian Congreyation.”’ While no definite date can be set for the organization of this church, this deed makes it certain that it must have been before May 5, 1812. The trustees contracted with James Chambers for the building of a church in 1812, at a cost of $170, but funds were so scarce that the building was not completed until 1816. The following de- scription of this church was furnished by Earle R. Forrest: “The entrance was in the center of the building, fronting on Spruce Alley. Just inside the door, and to the left, was a stairway which led to a balcony, which extended along the west and north sides and half of the east side of the building. The pulpit was one of the old-time elevated style, resembling a half wine-glass, with circular stairs leading up to it. * * * The seats were simply oak benches and faced the pulpit, which was about nine or ten HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 617 feet high. In olden times the building was lighted with tallow dips, the only means of light in those days, In the semi-circular rail of the pulpit were a number of holes, in which the candles were placed to furnish light for the minister. Candles were placed in other parts of the church to give light to the congrega- tion; but at best we would have considered it poorly lighted.” Some speak of this first house of worship as a log church, but a careful examination showed that it was built of brick, laid between studding, with weatherboards as a finish. A log build- ing was erected on this lot by the congregation in 1818, but it was used as a school house. This log school house was con- verted into a home for the sexton in 1831, and still later torn down to make room for a synagogue. Pastor John Brown suc- ceeded Pastor Weygandt in 1829, serving until 1834. In the last named year Rev. Charles Swissler of the Reformed Church became pastor, but the records do not indicate. the length of his pastorate. Prom +1839) to) 1843 4Rev. .P. HH. ReeMueller!. was pastor; and it was during this time, June 6, 1842, that the con- gregation was incorporated under the name, “German Evan- gelical Lutheran and Reformed Church of the Borough of Washington.” ‘The following names are attached to the petition for the charter: Alters, D. 4 Beilhartz, Elias Brobst, Daniel F. Dernant, Franz Heinrich Foster, Frederick A. Gueenler, Georg Harter, Philip Kaffeberger, William Kochner, Benjamin Kochner, Henry Kochner, John Ch. Lauterbach, Henry Matz, Jacob Messner, Adam Metzler, John Morat, A Mueller, Pb Re Neib, Lewis Nunamacher, I. D. Pulchan, William Raum, John Reymond, Peter Roettig, Philip Rowald, S. H Schmidt, Philip Schmidt, M. Schwartz, Martin Selle, A Small, Daniel Toewer, B. Walter, Thomas Wegener, Henry Wehmeyer, Charles Wehmeyer, Worting, A. This charter of 1842 was in harmony with the general prin- ciples of union churches of that day. It provided for the elec- tion of nine elders and trustees by a majority vote of the united congregations, whose duty was “to employ a preacher and pro- vide for his salary.” ‘This was supposed to be an amicable ar- rangement between the two congregations, but 1t was often pro- ductive of friction. In as much as the Lutheran element was stronger than the Reformed, the latter was eventually absorbed. After the year 1860 there is no mention of Reformed members. Pastor Mueller’s successor was Pastor Abraham Weills, who ministered to the congregation from 1843 to 1855, and again from 1859 to 1863. During the interim between these two pas- torates, Rev. John Haerdtle served the congregation for a few months, but he was not here long enough to unite with the Pitts- burgh Synod. From 1864 to 1866 the parish was vacant, after which it was made a mission and placed under the care of Pastor 618 HISTORY, OF THEA PITTSBURGH SYNOD Michael Schweigert. ‘The old church building was then repaired at a cost of $1,100, and arrangements were made for the intro- duction of English services. From 1870 to 1883 the church was divided into two bands, the German part being served by Pastor G. C. Friedrich during the entire period, while Pastors Z. H. Gable, W. A. Passavant, J. D. Roth, and J. W. Myers supplied the English congregation on Sunday afternoons. It is not pleas- ant to trace the history of the congregation through this transi- tion period, when its highest interests were caught between the upper and nether millstones of the language question, but out of the grinding process came a chastened band, devoutly loyal to the faith of their fathers and determined to teach it to their children. Doctor G. A. Wenzel took charge of the reunited con- gregation, January 1, 1883, and remained until August 27, 1895. During this remarkable pastorate he preached in both German and English, usually three times on Sunday, and solved the language question so effectively that his successors were never asked to preach in German. Scarcely had he finished the first year of his pastorate, when the people began to speak of a new church. Doctor Wenzel was in sympathy with this movement, but insisted that the legal foundations should first be made secure. Accordingly, July 10, 1884, the congregation petitioned the court for a change of name to that of the “First Evangelical Lutheran Church of Washington, Pa,” a distinct Lutheran basis, and mem- bership in the Pittsburgh Sail of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. This petition was signed by G. A. Wenzel, Charles Driehorst Sr., F. C. Berthel, J. V. Blond, L. P. Driehorst, and John Lows; and the amended charter was granted, August 18, 1884. While this change was being made, the congregation sold the southern end of their ground, 80x120, to John Dye for $995, retaining the remainder as a cemetery. On November 22, 1884, a lot on the corner of Franklin and Beau streets was bought for $800, where a new church was dedicated by Pastor Wenzel, January 25, 1885. This church was built of brick and stone, 36x40, with a tall wooden steeple, at a cost of $4154. The par- ish was given missionary aid from 1883 to 1891, after which the pastor declined further assistance. During the pastorate of Rev. C. H. Hemsath a brick parsonage was erected on the rear of the church lot, facing on Beau street. After the dedication of the new church in 1885, the congregation grew steadily in. numbers until it became necessary to provide a larger place of worship. The first step to this end was taken, August 12, 1919, when the church and parsonage were sold for $12,500. ‘The last service in this church was conducted by Pastor Frank Jensen, October 26, 1919, after which services were held in the court house. A new building site on Chestnut street was bought for $21,500, but the fact that this was not satisfactory to many of the members HISTORY ‘OF THE PITISBURGH’SYNOD 619 delayed building operations. Under the strong leadership of Pastor Frank C. Oberly a generous building fund was subscribed and partly paid, but the death of this pastor, March 22, 1922, brought such a sense of loss to the congregation that all thought of building was temporarily laid aside. Pastor Harry B. Ernest took charge of the parish, October 1, 1922, and the congregation in 1923 decided to sell the Chestnut street lot and to build a good church on the cemetery ground. An order for the vacation of the cemetery had been secured from the court, September 9, 1921, and that prepared the way for the action of 1923. The new brown stone church erected and furnished at a cost of $160,000, was dedicated by Pastor H. B. Ernest in 1926. The order of the pastorates, so far as the records give them, was as follows: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1798-1806; Reformed pastors, 1806-1816; Rev. G. H. Weygandt, 1816-1829; Rev. John Brown, 1829-1834; Reformed pastors, 1834-1838; Rev. H. P. R. Mueller, 1839-1843; Rev. Abraham Weills, 1843-1855; Vacant, 1855- 1858; Rev. John Haerdtle, 1858-1859; Rev. Abraham Weills (second term), 1859-1863; Supplies, 1863-1866; Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1866-1869; Rev. G. C. Friedrich (German), 1870- 1883; English supplies, 1870-1883; Rev. G. A. Wenzel, D.D., 1883-1895; Rev. C. B. Lintwed,. 1896-1899; Rev. C. H. Hem- sath, 1900-1905; Rev. P. Z. Strodach, 1905-1907; Rev. R. M. Smite Ores t90/-LOl6tRevw ir? Jensen, 1917-1920" Reve FE: C. Oberly, 1920-1922; Rev. H. B. Ernest, 1922-. GRACH ENGUISH EVAN) LUTHRRAN: CHURCH MONONGAHELA, PA. Monongahela has been a center of Lutheran labors for many years, but the establishment of the present congregation belongs to comparatively recent history. Pastor J. H. Brown of the Washington-Fayette Parish lived here for three years, but made no attempt to organize a congregation. Pastor George Hussy organized a congregation here in 1841, but it soon dis- banded. On February 7, 1869, the following persons united to form the “First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mon- ongahela City”: Altman, Catherine Bayhage Gets: Leighler, Elizabeth Altman, Mary Birt, Henry Staib, Lewis Augendobler, " Blizabeth Grigg, Philip and Caroline Staib, Martha Jane Augendobler, Adam Leighler, Jacob Zeh, John This organization was effected in an old Methodist Church, located on the corner of Third and Chess streets, which had been bought by Lewis Staib for $4,000 and presented to the Luther- ans. It is not clear who organized the congregation. ‘The first pastor was Rev. D. L. Ryder, but he did not take charge until after the organization, The second pastor was Rev. H. H. Hall, 620 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ray who made the following aS a i statement concerning his iz i pastorate: “I was there Zam ae five years, and succeeded pane /Q) aN tl very well. During that CUS, cia . ieee time the Sunday School was much larger and the membership of vthe church was trebled. But, unfortunately, Mr. Lewis Staib, the mainstay of the church, failed finan- cially. He was a man of noble character and re- markable liberality. He owned the church build- ing, and a house and lot SIS =e) = ve ene which he intend- ed for a parsonage; and of course, when he be- came involved, all was lost. Had we been able to get some help from the Church Board, we could have gone on, but funds were extremely low and I had to abandon the field. I am sure that if it had not been for the interruption we would have a good strong congregation in Mon- ongahela City now.” It was the failure of Mr. Staib to give the congregation a deed for the church property at the time of the donation that caused the trouble. When he recovered from his financial loss, he bought the Primitive Methodist Church, and presented the congregation with a deed, June 26, 1884, sc that a measure of its former prosperity was recovered under the leadership of Pastor J. W. Breitenbach. This pastor served from March 1, 1883, to August 1, 1887, building up a congregation of seventy- four mem- bers, but no successor could be secured, and the congregation was compelled to disband. After a vacancy of fifteen years, dur- ing which a remnant remained faithful, the congregation was re- organized as Grace English Evangelical Lutheran Church, August 14, 1902, with thirty-two members. The first regular pastor of the reorganized congregation was Rev. H. E. Berkey, 1902-1908, who laid foundations for a permanent work. A bet- ter location was bought for $2,800 in 1904, and the proceeds of the sale of the old church were applied on the new purchase. The first story of a new chapel was used for the first time, March 5, 1905, and the second story was dedicated by Pastor Berkey, May 31, 1908. ‘The first story of this chapel was built of cement HISTORY ORSLHE, PIDISBURGH SYNOD 621 blocks, and the second story of shingled frame, at a total cost of $6,700. The successor of Pastor Berkey was Doctor M. M. All- beck, 1908-1919, during whose pastorate the mission became self- supporting, the parsonage was bought for $4,000, and the chapel enlarged into a roomy church, 56x60, at an added cost of $10,200. The enlarged church was dedicated by Doctor Allbeck, Decem- ber 16, 1914, when he was assisted by Doctors George W. Englar and C. B. King. Grace Church in 1923 had a property valued at $37,000, a Sunday School of 235 scholars, and an enrollment of 310 confirmed members, The pastorates, from the time of the first organization, have been the following: Rev. D. L. Ryder, 1869-1872; Rev. H. H. Hall, 1872-1877; Supplies, 1877-1883 ; Rev. J. W. Breitenbach, 1883-1887; Dormant, 1887-1902; Stu- dent L. P. Young (Supply), 1902; Rev. H. E. Berkey, 1902- 1908; Rev. M. M. Allbeck, D.D., 1908-1919; Rev. Paul M. Kin- ports, 1919-1924; Rev. D. K. Fetterly, 1925-. CHRIST ENGLISH EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH Chen ERO Te BAl The first attempt to organize a congregation in this town was made in 1901, when a two-day canvass revealed a number of Lutherans ready for an organization. The first public service was conducted by Student F. R. Wagner, June 2, 1901, and a congregation of 31 members was organized by Rev. S. J. Mc- Dowell, September 22, 1901. The Sunday School was organ- ized two months earlier. One of the most pleasing features of the work of this mission at the beginning was the large number of interested men, no less than ten of them being included in thesfirst Church Councile» The first- resident pastor was Rev. Harvey M. Leech, who served from December 1, 1901, to June 24, 1906. Three fine corner lots were bought in 1902, but the mission was rather slow about undertaking the work of building. During the pastorate of Rev. Chalmers E. Frontz, 1907-1911, a beautiful stone church was erected at a cost of $29,000. This building was dedicated by Pastor Frontz, May 30, 1909, when Doctor A. J. Turkle preached the sermon. The frame parson- age, adjoining the church, was also secured during the pastorate of Rev. Frontz at a cost of $3,800. At the time of dedication the value of the property was estimated at $42,000, but a great debt of $32,800 proved a heavy burden for many years. ‘This debt was gradually reduced to $21,425 in 1924, and then Doctor C. B. King began a campaign for its cancellation. The following pastors have served here: Rev. H. M. Leech, 1901-1906; Rev. Cary Prontz 907-101. )* ReveCrr Bastian, 1912-1919: Rev: J. MW alter Dressler, 01919-1923" Rey. C.-B: King, 8D iD, 1924-. 622 HISTORY ORSTHESPULT S BURGH SS Y NOD GERMAN EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN .CHURGH McDONALD, PA. This congregation was organized by Pastor Michael Schwet- gert as a part of the Panhandle Mission of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1873. Services were held at first in the Bulger school house. Rev. Joseph Rechsteiner, pastor of the congregation from 1878 to 1879, reported that large numbers of German miners were moving into the community, and that the prospects of the mis- sion were very bright. The next pastor was Rev. Solomon Munsch, 1880-1891, who built up a congregation of sixty mem- bers. When the school board denied the use of the Bulger school house to a congregation, a neat frame church was built near McDonald. This church was dedicated by Pastor Munsch, June 20, 1884, when he was assisted by Rev. J. K. Melhorn and Doc- tor Edmund Belfour. During the pastorate of Rev. George Dietz the church was connected with the Jeannette Parish; since the beginning of the pastorate of Rev. John H. Tarnedde, it has been connected with McKees Rocks. There were 99 confirmed members in the congregation in 1922, and the services of the church were then conducted entirely in German. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. Michael Schweigert, 1873- 1878; Rev. Joseph Rechsteiner, 1878-1879; Rev. Solomon Munsch, 1880-1891; Rev. R. R. F. Boethelt, 1891-1892: Rev. Carl Mildner, 1893-1896; Rev. George Dietz, 1896-1901; Rev. Jebelarnedde 1901s MOUNT CALVARY EVAN. LUTHERAN Sad SCENERY HILL, PA: Mt. Calvary Church is beautifully located on one of the highest hills of the county, overlooking many miles of the sur- rounding country. It occupies the high point in the town of Scenery Hill, formerly called Hillsboro, where Lutheran pastors resided long before the: congregation was organized, Pastor Abraham Weills lived here from 1846 to 1850, and it was dur- ing that time that the site of the present Mount Calvary Church was deeded by Adam Weaver and wife to the Lutherans and Presbyterians. A brick church was erected by members of these two bodies on this ground about the year 1850, which was used by Pastor Weills as a preaching station of his parish. It is said that he preached here regularly once a month in 1861. Pastor J. Q. Waters held similar services in 1863. This meant the as- sumption of a debt of several hundred dollars, and the Presby- terians eventually gave the Lutherans a quit-claim deed for the property, September 20, 1892. A congregation was regularly or- Hin lORYOn elLoe PITTSBURGH SYNOD 623 ganized by Pastor Alfred Ramsey with 21 members, December 17, 1885. Nearly all the original members were former com- municants of Bethlehem Church. The first four deacons were Christian Booze, Demas Wonsettler, George Crumrine, and Jacob Gerline. A Lutheran Sunday School was organized in 1886, with Doctor F. B. Winnett as the first superintendent. A parsonage was built by Bethlehem Church in Scenery Hill in 1867, so that the congregation was always in close touch with the pastor. After securing a charter, November 21, 1892,-the old union brick church was torn down, and a new frame church erected at a cost of $3,500. The corner stone was laid, August 18, 1892, and the church dedicated by Pastor Wilson Yeisley, March 5, 1893. A church bell was donated by Doctor Byron Clark, which was dedicated on September 9, 1899. This church was heavily damaged by lightning, March 22, 1922. The loss was only partly covered by insurance, but the people raised added funds and greatly improved the building at a cost of $2,000. The church bell was replaced by Thomas Hosack. The church was rededicated by Pastor I. N. Dundore, October 29, 1922, when addresses were made by Pastors H. F. Obenauf and H. B. FEirnest. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. Alfred Ramsey, 1885-1890; Rev. Wilson Yeisley, 1891-1899; Rev. W. S. Ulrich, 1900-1907; Rev. A. H. Keck, 1908-1909; Rev. J. H. Young, 1910-1912; Rev. W. E. Arnholt, 1912-1916; Rev. H, F. Obenauf, 1917-1921: Rev. I. N.-Dundore, 1922-. REN NIE NA NGETICADSLUTHME RAN CHURCH DONGQRA GEA: The first Lutheran work in this town was begun in 1902, but the organization of the congregation was not effected until August 11, 1903. Nearly all the men connected with this new organization worked in the steel mills, where Sunday work was imperative, and this made regular church work very discour- aging. While the original membership was fifty, the early pro- gress of the mission was slow. Pastor H. E. Berkey of Monon- gahela, who organized the congregation, served it until Septem- ber 1, 1904, when he surrendered it to the care of Pastor M. M. Allbeck of Monessen. This arrangement continued only for a short time, and the mission was reported vacant in 1905. The town was canvassed a second time in the summer of 1906 by Student L. F. Gunderman, who reported that he had found fitty- one Lutheran families. Rev. Wilbur C. Mann became supply- pastor of Elrama and Donora, December 1, 1906, and found a small and discouraged flock in the latter place; but he persisted in his work and reorganized the congregation with thirty mem- 624 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD bers, April 19, 1908. A Ladies’ » Guid) sander Young #) People sw eG@ir 1. were also_ organized, and these helped to give permanency to the mis- sion. Pastor Mann re- signed, October ly alvuy, and was succeeded by Rev. L. R. Haus,nwhose pastorate continued for but a few months. The next pastor was Rev. J. Walter Shearer, under whose leadership a cor- ner lot was bought for $2,800. His successor oy Wack Revit Will anim Brown, who led the con- gregation in the work of building their church. The corner stone of this church was laid, November 30, 1913, and the building dedicated, April 19, 1914, It, was built of frame, 32x55, at a total cost of $8,/00. After the resignation of Pastor Brown, August 1, 1920, Doctor J. E. Dietterich of Mon- essen became the supply pastor, serving in that capacity until February 1, 1921, when he. accepted a call and the church de- clared itself a self-supporting parish. At that time the congre- gation numbered 145 confirmed members. A list of pastorates follows: Rev. H. E. Berkey, 1903-1904; Rev. M. M. Allbeck, D.D., 1904-1905; Rev. W. C. Mann, 1906-1909; Rev. L. R. Haus, L909; Rev. J0W. Shearer, 191051912 : Rewa VWs conn 1913-1920; Rev. J. E. Dietterich, D.D., 1920-. EXTINCT CONGREGATIONS 1. Trinity Church, Upper Ten Mile. This was commonly known as the Horn Church, and was located in the country, about one mile south of Zollarsville. It was organized by Rev. A. G. Deschler in 1791, but was served by Pastor Johannes Stauch from 1791 to 1806. One of the earliest records tellsiof the confirmation of a class of nineteen catechumens by Pastor Stauch, November 12, -1791, in the -home of Ludwig Praker, The first log church was built in 1798, and a fine brick church was dedicated by Doctor’: W. O. Wilson, June 27, 1869. Some of the old family names, connected with this church, were HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 625 Hayden, Cox, Lynch, Horn, Koutz, Praker, Crumrine, Mone- smith, Young, Gantz, Garrett, Lohr, Booze, Ulery, Wise, and Gaymen. No services have been held regularly since 1907, and only the brick building remains to tell the story of the sacrifices of the past. | 2. Mt. Zion Church, Ginger Hill. This church is located about four miles from Monongahela. It was organized by Pas- tor Johannes Stauch in 1796, and commonly called Stechers. This was the home church of Rev. G. Heinrich Weygandt, and the church in which the first conference of pastors was held, that eventuated in the organization of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio. A good church building was dedicated in 1848. It was served by General Council, General Synod, and Joint Synod pastors, but, despite their best efforts, was finally com- pelled to close its doors. Omeebcthelm Ghirchwyriceon Oreck sl his was another. of the pioneer churches of Washington County, organized by Pastor Johannes Stauch. No definite date of organization can be given, but it was not later than 1800. At the time of the organization of the Pittsburgh .Synod, it was served by Pastor Abraham Weills. A good church was dedicated by Pastor Solomon Weills in 1849, when the congregation numbered 40 members. Since the year 1867, it has been served by both General Council and General Synod pastors. It was disbanded about the year 1886. 4. Trinity Church, Elrama. This congregation was organ- ized with thirty members, April 16, 1906, in which pastors from Monongahela and Donora held services for several years. The chapel was located on the hill, and this made the work hard for the pastors, who were trying to reach the peo- ple living down in the town. Before this fault was corrected, other churches were established in the town, and the hill church was then disbanded. | AVAL 8 ap aR t apa A yg eas ae etal tay i Woe " ns “a es aul eve oF ri aaa ey ' roy a) ial. . $5 a" A iJ : amare 5 ae oh “ Li es iv A. ‘| vet we UP se - “sf 4P. * 7 ’ fe f * a >. eel, a : a 7 ie : aon { « : ’ i an s ‘] || 4 , TA Ska e yp i" “ AWE) fis ie vf i he i ' “ 4% Pd ' A yt Vi | rly 3 > i> ‘ i tee? at f ‘ le ' J s4. an 19 La | ¥ t a i SO CeWED. ag ay ' 4 J fut v4. 4 y : +P cee ng coeee Pr ‘ r q ‘ ( a ee, | 4 “i ' 3 ; bf is ae. {7 ; bs, Tae _ ft eS.) ar rig a une ‘ baie * Lit As ate hati ia) as ae A iL ee / P * P Og 3 5 i 4 iy Pate i ae eee F rus yee ee lie 7 i ? q 1 7, R } rv a5 Tt) ia is 1 oe ~ - ee Pn | [ ‘a ; i hie 7 ly { ’ i] Peau Rt) aa ; 4% ie iJ : rie ‘, , ; " +s +f "S a oe i ob D + \ } ¥ ; ‘ ae ee Be rey PETAL trap eiten, fax : : 4 P : o vi a8 FE IG SPORT PTS Oe Ae SL eer ares rea ae A ’ . ' Jin en ‘ j 5 ‘sy _s if - ie ~ pee f i) ce oer ek T 1] “ayy re rir? h Deine om 7 : : ; et We a : a f / The’ yh af z , eget fm SMO S arty . tei r ij ys a ‘ ; i ‘ i Se EA ire ie ba Lute 7 7 2 » aft vim nny ta : Le me ‘gael fia) ee 1 : Bags 1 4 é ays sg w evita \ ‘ A ; ‘ Rick nA Shut $ ai 4? Vf Lite y all oSe kplan Lah ] ray » : i rs $1 oe a , ] 4 i ks f ff Paw, 7 vw ie - i : yee . 4 e, i ah x vo } : Fe ca’ » he 4 r~ co ' P A w 7 pak ey 4 meee ey rey Ube pees , iA j 1) i j ‘ . i] 4 j i Le - ) by hi > bp rat : < i aa a lw marie? ' ,! : § ' 7 i j ‘er. Jj c 1 ead 4 ; 4 & ue j i . ay ‘ i i 3 p wr ai : se wy eae es ‘ x : te fh s4a 3 2 4 A4 e i 1 = 4 ‘ af" 5 , » 2 _ > ony 2 ! +) | ‘, a ~ “a a Fa. ; { i + :* ' 44 . i - F ' ‘ e : ja * i} } ‘ ‘ i. } Pa ’ 3 , ‘ - oa \ * « ? a i R . ti ' P * yo de) s hal r pat i e ‘ As z ay (ene yeh y th fant dj : 7 r), 0 } ry % a on ae ' a ‘ pet al A s ci A \ = } . ees SS TG OR cy eee ars ee seep ES J rif F j A US. mh * hs abet Se * , / ys js ee ; heat 4 om 4 i 7 } 1? ss) im, (im nt We De j > z } O eet 7 4 ’ it tat ‘ rea sie Se bat CHAPTER XX CHURCHES OF WESTMORELAND COUNTY 1772-1924 “The Lord of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge.” REVIOUS to 1758, Westmoreland was a great un- broken wilderness rarely trodden by the foot of man. .After the opening of the Forbes military road in that year, a number of daring settlers be- gan to take up lands along the route under mili- tary permits; but ‘net ‘a7 fews of. them lost; their lives at the hands of the resentful Indians. In 1768 a treaty was made with these Indians at Fort Stanwix, N.-Y.; and the state purchased all the land west of the Laurel Ridge, and east and south of the Allegheny River and a line drawn from Kittanning to Cherry Tree. At the time of the purchase this land was included in Cumberland County; from 1771 to 1773 it was included in Bedford County; since February 26, 1773, it has been a part of Westmoreland County. When the land was regularly opened to settlement, April 3, 1/69, there was a rush of settlers to the land office, and 2/790 applications were filed on the first day. The first warrant was issued to Abra- ham Smith for 300 acres “at the mouth of a large run where it empties into Ligonier Creek.” Among these first applicants were many who bore such distinctly German names that it 1s plain that a large proportion of the pioneers were Germans. Some of the histories of Westmoreland County ignore this German element, and speak of it as a Scotch-Irish settlement. It is admitted that the greater part of the original settlers were of. that hardy race; but the Germans came as early as their Presbyterian neighbors and were not greatly outnum- bered. In the southern part of the county there was a large colony of German Mennonites; and the majority of the set- tlers of Hempfield Township were of German Reformed and [utheran stock. Apart from those of the Mennonites, all the churches of the German pioneers of the county were union organizations, in which Lutherans and Reformed had equal rights regardless of their relative strength. In some cases one part was eventually absorbed by the other, but both were established on the same footing at the beginning. In the majority of instances there was a friendly separation between the two denominations, each erecting its own building; only 628 HISTORY, ORs LH EAE EU PS BURGH ES WNOD three of the pioneer churches, Brush Creek, Middle, and Swopes, retain their original union organization. No less than eleven German churches were established in Westmore- land before the close of the eighteenth century, nearly all of which retain their original vitality to the present. In not one of them, however, is a word of German heard. The language of the children displaced that of the fathers, and the German churches of the county are of comparatively recent origin. The oldest churches are: Harold’s, Brush Creek, Ridge, and Greensburg. The first Lutheran pastor of the county was Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, who came to Harold’s settlement in the spring of 1782; the first Reformed pastor was Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber, who preached his first sermon a few weeks later. This Reformed pastor was the organizer of the first Protestant church of Pittsburgh. The development of the Lutheran Church in Westmoreland County has been steady and substantial. In 1903. there were 55 Lutheran churches in the county with 7,489 members; in 1919 there were 59 churches with 11,862 members. At the time of the Pittsburgh Synod merger these churches were classified as follows: General ¢Cotnen ae ek nee eens ot eae 37 churches, 7,685 members General "Syn0d' fe. 0. eee ee ee 14 churches, 3,137 members ATP usta nas tOvitOd, cet ae ete eee eee 3 churches, 389 members Missouriy Sy node vars. eee eee eee 2 churches, 135 members ORION DO GA ae nook ot ae er ee eee 1 church, 162 members Slovaks Zioned Synod ke eae, | eee ee tas 1 church, 150 members SUOMI so pnOd fee eee ces ene tne ee ae ee 1 church, 204 members Of the above churches, one uses the Italian language; one, Finnish; three, Swedish and English; one, Slovak; five, German and English; and forty-eight, English. The Church of the Reformation fills a large place in the religious life of Westmoreland County. THE ZION -EVANGELICAL: LUTHERAN SCHUR GEES HEMPFIELD TWP., WESTMORELAND COUNTY, PA. The history of these two congregations reaches so far back into the past that it is difficult to trace its beginnings.. In 1768 all the land now included in Westmoreland County was the property of the Iroquois, who resented every effort at settlement on the part of white men as a hostile intrusion. When the army of General Forbes captured Fort Duquesne in 1758, a few men were bold enough to take up the forbidden land, either by mili- tary permit or tomahawk right, in spite of their Indian owner- ship. One of these men was Andrew Bauerle, who settled on HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 629 Brush Creek in 1759, and had many narrow escapes from the Indians. Among those who seized lands in Hempfield ‘Township in the same manner were John Herold, Christo- pher Rodebach, John hereto. Mites lets] Ohit Rodebach, John Detar, John > Wegele and Christopher Waldhauer. John Herold and others preempted a tract of 158 acres for the Evangelical : Lutheran Church, which - they styled “Good Pur- es pose.’ This tract, pre- ee ee a empted about the year 1765, and patented, May 23, 1789, is the only case on record in which land was secured for Lutherans alone, with- out reference to the Reformed, in a pioneer settlement of Ger- mans in western Pennsylvania. All dates prior to 1769, touching the settlement of this township, are hard to verify, since official records are lacking. In November, 1768, a treaty was made with the Iroquois at Fort Stanwix, by which all the land, west of the Laurel Ridge and east and south of the Ohio River and the old Kittanning line, was secured by the state. This land was opened for settlement, April 3, 1/69, when there was a great rush of settlers asking for land warrants. ‘The land office records indi- cate that no less than a score of Germans took out warrants dur- ing that month, calling for surveys in this section of the new country. Within a few years about seventy German families, the majority of whom were Lutheran, settled in this vicinity. The task before these pioneers was tremendous. In the face of an Indian peril that would have appalled weaker hearts, they cut down the great trees, built cabin homes, cleared away the under- brush and quickly reduced the land to a state of cultivation. From 1769 to 1794 every settlement in Westmoreland was ex- posed to the ravages of the Indians, The massacre of the Hein- rich family in 1779, and that of the Klingenschmidt family in 1781, both within the limits of Harold’s settlement, are examples of the danger to which the people were exposed. For their pro- tection large block houses were built of green logs, to which they could run for safety when warned of coming war parties; but the Indians moved with such stealth that few were aware of 630 HISTORYIOR Tith PECTS DU RCE ASIN GID their approach until they were ready to strike. Every man was compelled to rely upon his own rifle. in 1774 a meeting was held at one of these block houses, known as Fort Allen and located near Harold’s Church, at which a petition to the Governor was prepared, asking for more adequate military protection. This petition was signed by 78 persons, practically all of whom were Germans. After the year 1794, when General Wayne defeated the Indians in Ohio, permanent peace was established. As soon as the settlers had built cabin homes for their families, probably as early as 1770, they built a log school house on the church land, which served the double purpose of church and school until better accommodations could be secured. ‘This old school house, the first in Hempfield Township and one of the first in West- moreland, was located about one hundred yards south of the present public school building. It had but one door and one window, and the latter had greased paper for window lights. 1About the time John Michael Zundel became schoolmaster, probably in order to furnish him a home, a second story was added to the school house. This second story extended beyond the main building, in order to afford protection to the doorway of the school room and also to give room for an entrance to the second story. This entrance to the second story was not elabor- ate..- It consisted of a trapdoor in} the Moor ois thewextenaea second story and a ladder which could be drawn up at night.” The first schoolmaster was Balthaser Meyer, who came to the settlement in 1769. He was a man of considerable learning, and proved to be a strong leader. As soon as the school house was built, he gathered the people together for religious services, at which he would lead them in singing the church songs of their Fatherland and read an approved gospel sermon, These re- ligious services of 1770 may reasonably be regarded as the be- ginnings of Zion Church. Church organizations were not ef- fected in those days as they are now. If a congregation had a schoolmaster to teach the children and serve as an elder, and a treasurer to pay the few necessary bills, this was all the organi- zation that was needed. In this manner Zion Church was born. On August 2, 1772, at the request of the congregation, Balthaser Meyer opened the Church Record of “Zion Settlement,” in which he wrote the names of all children brought for baptism. The first name on this baptismal register is that of John Peter Walter, born, September 11, 1771, baptized, August 2, 1772; but the first baptism was evidently that of Christian Frederick Kuemmel, born,. January 8.) 1772), baptized.,.P ebtuary plan l/7 2a eres worthy fact connected with this list of baptisms is that no child 1—History of Old Zion Church, W. A. Zundel, page 36. FIRST PULPIT OF HAROLD’S CHURCH 632 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD was born earlier than February 6, 1769, supporting the claim that only a few pioneers brought their families over the moun- tains before the spring of 1769. All these baptisms are entered in the handwriting of Balthaser Meyer up to June 4, 1792, when he removed to Brush Creek; but in 1784 the insertion of a new heading, “Record of such children as were baptized in Zion’s Church, in Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, in the State of Pennsylvania, by the Reverend preachers,” indicates the arrival of the first pastor. This first pastor was Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, who came to the settlement in 1782. Because he had received a liberal education at Halle in preparation for the foreign field, he was urged by the schoolmaster to preach for Zion Church. His services were so acceptable that the people asked him to become their regular pastor. He declined on the ground that he was not ordained; but the schoolmaster persuaded him that it was within the power of an Evangelical Lutheran Church, under the stress of a great emergency, to ordain her own . pastors. He therefore accepted ordination at the hands of - Balthaser Meyer in the presence of the school house congrega- tion in 1784. The year 1784 is assigned as the date of this his- toric ordination, for the reason that the baptismal record indi- cates that the “reverend preachers” began to baptize the chil- dren in that year. 2In 1785 Pastor Luetge appeared before the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and asked to be received as an ordained minister, but that body resolved that it could “have nothing further to do with him.” Undaunted by this rebuff he renewed his request in 1788, when the Ministerium consented to give him a license to preach and baptize, provided he would im- prove his knowledge of Greek, keep a diary of his official acts, and present to the Ministerium testirnonials from the elders and deacons of the congregations for which he preached. This license was renewed annually, but he was never ordained. It was dur- ing his pastorate that the first log church was completed. The erection of this church was undertaken soon after the building of the school house, but Indian troubles led to its abandonment. When work was resumed the young saplings had grown up through the floor, so that it was necessary to clear the ground a second time. ‘The church was much larger than the school build- ing, but had only one door. The floor was of puncheon; the seats were made of hewn logs; the altar was a rough table; and the high pulpit was made after the wine-glass pattern. ’ 3“Tt was,” says the pastor, ‘a shaky affair that rocked and swayed a good deal as you mounted its lofty height. It was 2—Documentary History of the Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania, page 201. 3—History of Westmoreland Classis of the Reformed Church, page 43. HISTORY_OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 633 surmounted with a small sounding board, painted in blue color, with a canopy showing the sun, moon and stars, in white. The window glass of the church were often broken, and the windows left unrepaired; so that the squirrels and birds had free access to the inside of the house of worship. And they were frequently seen, sporting about and diverting themselves as well as the younger part of the audience, during the hours of regular service, « | In order to provide funds for the completion of this log church, one hundred acres of the church land was sold to: Rev. Luetge for sixty pounds. In order to give a deed, a special Act of Assembly was passed in 1801, giving to the trustees the neces- sary authority. In the meantime Pastor Luetge had died, so that an agreement was made with his executors, whereby the land was deeded to Alexander McKinney. Pastor Luetge served the congregation until the summer of 1789, when he accepted a call from churches in the Cumberland Valley. His death occurred about the year 1795. His successor in Zion was Rev. John Michael Steck, who began his work in September, 1791, and con- tinued until death, July 14, 1830. On September 24, 1791, a compact was signed by representatives of the Lutheran and Re- formed congregations, specifying their rights and_ privileges. This compact permitted each congregation to elect its own elders, to select and dismiss its own pastors, prohibited the individual members of either congregation from introducing strange preachers without the consent of their elders, required the pastors of both congregations to baptize all such children as might be presented to them without distinction of religion, except where objections were made by the elders, provided for the election of a schoolmaster by the elders of the two congregations, and re- quired this schoolmaster to instruct the children in the doctrines of either the Heidelberg or the Luther catechism as their pa- rents might elect. This compact may be regarded as a reorgani- zation of the congregation, inasmuch as the number of officers and their respective duties were specified therein for the first time. ‘The terms of this compact were faithfully kept by both congregations for more than a century. On the day that this reorganization was effected, September 24, 1791, the Lutherans agreed to give the Reformed a half interest in the fifty-eight acres that remained of their original church farm. A deed of transfer was made for the same, November 28, 1819. Pastor John M. Steck, like his predecessor, came to Harold’s settlement unlicensed and unordained. *The statement of Rev. W. F. Ulery that he was licensed in 1784 cannot be verified from synodical records. He preached here for five years before he applied to 4—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 335. 634 HIS FORYs OF SEH ESPLLLS BURGH SYNOD the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a license. °In 1796 he ap- peared before the Ministerium at York, Pa., when that body re- solved, ‘““That Mr. Johann Michael Steck, as licensed candidate, serve Greensburg, Herold’s, Brusch Krik, Ridge, at Jacob’s Krik and at Allegany in Westmoreland County.” In 1806 Jacob Ruch accompanied Pastor Steck to the meeting of the Minister- ium in Hagerstown, Md., where he was ordained. The first re- corded communion service of Zion was conducted by Pastor Steck, October 11, 1791, when 80 persons received the sacra- ment. ‘The number was greatly increased within the next two years, since Lutherans from all parts of the county were pleased to visit Zion on such occasions. From October 11, 1792, to April 20, 1794, no less than 355 names are found on the communion register of this congregation. Since some of them came from other communities, and since many of the children of these families are now found in the fellowship of other churches of the synod, this list is given in full. The spelling of the family names follows the original as closely as possible. Adels, Anna Maria Beyer, Philip Eisemann, Christina Alms, Andreas Beyer, Margaretha Eisemann, Nicolaus Alms, Anna Katharina Beyer, Christian Eisemann, Anna Katharina Altmann, Johannes Beyer, John Philip Eisemann, Peter Altmann, Anna Elizabetha Beyer, Susanna Ellinger, Anna Maria Altmann, Andreas Beyer, Anna Elizabetha Eschbaugh, Eva Elizabetha Altmann, Anna Best, Heinrich Fransz, Georg Altmann, Wilhelm Best, Anna Margaretha Fransz, Anna Barbara Altmann, Anna Barbara Best, Johann Wilhelm Fritschmann, Johannes Altmann, George Peter Best, Anna Elizabetha Froehlich, Johannes Altmann, John Peter Beyer, Christophel Froehlich, Martin Altmann, George Jacob Beyer, Margaretha Froehlich, Anna Margaretha Altmann, Anna Katharina Beyer, Anna Margaretha Fuchs, Jacob Altmann, David Boenisch, Christian Fuchs, Katharina Altmann, Maria Bolinger, Anna Margaretha Fuchs, John Peter Altmann, Sophia Margaretha Bricker, Anna Elizabetha Fuchs, Anna Margaretha Altmann, Barbara Breinich, Anna Maria Fuchs, Christophel Altmann, Susanna Brinker, Barbara Fuchs, Susanna Amelang, Anna Katharina Burchard, Anna Katharina Fuchs, Philip Amelang, Anna Maria Burger, Anna Margaretha Fuchs, Anna Katharina Amelang, Anna Elizabetha Diener, Christina M. Fuchs, Anna Elizabetha Amelang, Elizabetha Diener, Anna Maria Gangewehr, Philip Bachmann, Johannes Diener, Anna Elizabetha Gangewehr, Anna Marga- Bachmann, John Adam Dorninger, Georg retha Bachmann, Anna Maria Dorninger, Katharina Gangewehr, Johannes Bachmann, Anna Katharina Dorninger,- Andreas Gangewehr, Maria Elizabetha Bassert, John Jacob Dorninger, John Jacob Gangewelir, Joseph Bauerle, Franz Dorny, Margaretha Gangewehr, Michael Baum, Anna Magdalena Dogny. Barbara Gangewehr, Hannah Baumgartner, Jacob Dorny, Magdalena Georg, John Jacob Baumgartner, Anna Katha- Dorny, Anna Margaretha Georg, Anna Katharina rina Ehret, Johannes Georg, Daniel Baumgartner, John Jacob Ehret, Anna Barbara Georg, Anna Maria Baumgartner, Rosina Ehret, Christian Georg, Conrath Baumgartner, Anna Magda- Eisemann, Anna Margaretha Georg, Anna Elizabetha jena Kisemann, Anna Katharina Georg, Anna Margaretha Bandschwert, Matthias Eisemann, Barbara Gold, Margaretha Bandschwert, Maria Barbara Fisemann, John Peter Haack, Sara Bandschwert, Christina Eisemann, Anna Barbara Hag, George Bender, Anna Elizabetha Eisemann, John Michael Hag, Anna Elizabetha Bender, Maria EFisemann, Anna Hag, Jacob Best, Nicolaus Eisemann, Christian Hag, Anna Katharina Best, Maria Katharina Eisemann, Susanna Hag, Anna Margaretha Best, Anna Magdalena Eisemann, Heinrich Haarbach, Anna Magdalena 5—Documentary History of the Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania, page 287. Haarbach, Wilhelmina Hartmann, Wilhelm Hartmann, Anna Barbara Hartmann, Christian Hartmann, Barbara Hartmann, Johannes Hartmann, Susanna Hartmann, Rosina Hartmann, Anna Elizabetha Hartmann, Anna Katharina Heilman, Heinrich Heins, Katharina Heins, Anna Maria Hermann, Abraham Hermann, Sibilla Hermann, Barbara Herold, Anna Maria Heubach, Dorothea Hinsel, Anna Katharina Huber, John Peter Huber, Anna Maria Huber, Huber, Huber, Huber, Anna Katharina Hubler, Peter Keck, Johannes ; Klingelschmidt, Philip Klingelschmidt, Margaretha Klingelschmidt, John Philip Klingelschmidt, Anna Klingler, Johannes | Klingler, Anna Maria Klingler, Georg Klingler, Magdalena Klingler, Maria Barbara Koch, Friedrich Kunkel, Johannes Kunkel, Anna Maria Kunkel, John Peter Kunkel, Sebastian Simon Abraham Peter HISEORY OF THE RITTSBURGH SYNOD 635 Meyer, Conrath Scheury, Anna Maria Meyer, John Jacob Scheury, Maria Barbara Meyer, Anna Margaretha Schatz, Heinrich Meyer, Margaretha Schatz, Esther Mieleisen, Anna Margaretha Scheibler, Anna Margaretha Muckendoerfer, Johannes Scholl, Barbara Muckendoerfer, Susanna Scholl, Veronica Mueller, Nicolaus Scholl, Katharina Mueller, Anna Katharina Schoener, Rebecca Mueller, Jacob Schmeltzer, Jacob Mueller, Anna Maria Schmidt, John Jacob Mueller, John Peter Schmidt, Anna Katharina Mueller, Anna Katharina (2)Schmidt, Anna Margaretha Mueller, Philip Schneider, Adam Mueller, Anna Maria (2) Schneider, Johannes Mueller, Johann Peter Schneider, Christina Mueller, Anna Margaretha Schneider, Anna Maria Mueller, Christian Schneider, Anna Maria Mueller, Johannes Siess, Georg Mueller, Katharina Siess, Anna Maria Ottermann, Ludwig Steiner, Valentin Ottermann, Maria Esther Steiner, Anna Katharina Ottermann, John Georg Steiner, Adam Ottermann, Esther Steiner, John Adam Rab, Anna Maria Steiner, Anna Barbara Reisz, Friedrich Steinmetz, Jacob Reisz, Eva Katharina Steinmetz, John Georg Reinbold, Siegfried Steinmetz, Susanna Ritschert, Samuel Staudenhauer, Ludwig Ritschert, Juliana Staudenhauer, Elizabetha Ritschert, Margaretha Stroh, Jacob Ritschert, Anna Stroh, Maria Katharina Rosenstiehl, John Georg Stroh, Sarah Rosenstiehl, Johannes Stroh, Michael Ruch, Peter Stroh, Susanna Ruch, Margaretha Stroh, Maria Barbara Ruch, John Michael Truby, Sibilla uch el uciawes Uber, John Peter Ruch, John Jacob Uber, Anna Maria Ruch, Sara Uber, Johannes Ruch, George Uber, Abraham Kunkel, Anna Barbara Ruch, Anna Katharina Ugger, Johannes Kunsz, Philip Ruch, Heinrich Uhrig, Christophel Kunsz, Anna Margaretha Ruch, Christian Uhrig, Anna Katharina Kunsz, Bartel Ruch, Anthony Uhrig, Adam Kunsz, Anna Christina Ruch, Anna Elizabetha Uhrig, Anna Katharina Kunsz, Georg Ruch, Anna Magdalena Uhrig, Susanna Kunsz, Johaunes Ruch, Anna Maria Uhrig, Anna Katharina Kunsz, Regina Ruch, Anna Margaretha Wack, Anna Maria Kunsz, Margaretha Ruch, Katharina Wagner, Anna Christina Kunsz, Anna Katharina Rueggel, Nicolas Walther, Philip Lautenschlager, Martin Leonhard, Katharina Link, Conrath Link, Anna Maria Link, Katharina Mahnenschmidt, John Jacob Mahnenschmidt, Johannes Mahnenschmidt, Susanna Mattheis, Anna Katharina Mattheis, Anna Magdalena Mechling, Michael Mechling, Anna Maria Mechling, Jacob Mechling, Anna Maria Mechling, Georg Mechling, Friedrich Mechling, Dawald Mechling, David Mechling, Johannes Mechling, Heinrich Mechling, Katharina Meyer, Adam ; Meyer, Katharina Rueggel, Anna Maria Rueggel, Peter Rueggel, Anna Katharina Rueggel, Johannes Rueggel, Daniel Rueggel, George Rueggel, Philip Rueggel, Theobald Rueggel, John George Rueggel, Ludwig Rueggel, Heinrich Rueggel, Anna Elizabetha Rueggel, Elnora Rueggel, Anna Maria (2) Rueggert, John Peter Rueggert, Anna Katharina Saxmann, Christian Scharris, Susanna Scharris, Sara Schaurer, Christophel Schaurer, Anna Margaretha Schaurer, Anna Katharina Schaurer, Susanna Walther, Anna Katharina Walther, Jacob Weber, Susanna West, Wilhelm West, Katharina William, Daniel William, Anna Katharina William, Wilhelm William, Anna Margaretha Wolf, Johannes Wolf, Anna Maria Yehl, Sara Yerg, Anna Katharina Yerian, Maria Yerian, Anna Elizabetha Zaehner, Jacob Zaehner, Katharina Zaehner, John Georg Zaehner, John Jacob Zaehner, Maria Elizabetha Maria Magdalena Maria Katharina Anna Elizabetha Zaehner, Zaehner, Zeugler, 636 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH. SYNOD The name of Balthaser Meyer does not appear on this list, since he was a communicant of Brush Creek Church. The first confirmation class of Zion was “confirmed and blessed” by Pas- tor John M. Steck, May 26, 1792. It numbered forty-three young people, ranging in age from thirteen to nineteen, indicat- ing that the congregation had not been denied the means of grace. Classes were confirmed by Pastor Steck every two years. Near the close of his pastorate, the stone church of the congre- gation was erected at a cost of $3,000. The corner stone was laid, May 28, 1829, and the church dedicated in 1830, Rev. H. E. F. Voigt and Rev. J. G. C. Schweizerbarth preaching the ser- mons for the occasion. ‘This church was a large square stone building, with a gallery on three sides. The pattern was much the same’as that of Brush’ Creek Church. [here was a large altar, painted white, in the center of the chancel space, behind which was the high wine-glass pulpit with steps leading up to it. When Pastor J. M. Steck’s health failed in 1829, his son, Pastor Michael John Steck, was called as his assistant. Upon the death of the father the son became regular pastor, serving until death, September 1, 1848." Pastor M-" J. Steck *participatediin the organization of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1845 and was chosen as the first president. His successor was Pastor Jonas Mechling, 1849-1868, who remained in the fellowship of the Ohio Synod. The next pastor was .Rev. George A. Bruegel; 1868-1872, who put out the hymn book of the General Synod and introduced the Church Book of the General Council. This act was the first step in the division. The next pastor was Rev. Enoch Smith, who secured the adoption of a new constitution that led to more serious trouble. While the constitution was fairly adopted, it was highly objectionable to so many that a con- gregational meeting was called, March 10, 1877, to determine whether it should stand. The vote was 46 to 26 against the con- stitution; but the Pastor ruled correctly that a two-thirds vote was necessary to rescind and that the constitution was sustained. This ruling led to his resignation, April 23, 1877, but he con- tinued to preach for some time for the supporters of the new constitution in the school house. Pastor W. F. Ulery supplied the church, 1877-1880, but the storm continued because of the objectionable constitution. On April 30, 1880, nine days before Pastor Ulery’s resignation went into effect, the council appealed to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod for a pastor. It was answered by Pastor A. C. Ehrenfeld of the Alleghany Synod, who supplied them from July 11, 1880, to November 15, 1882, and by Pastor P. G. Bell of the same synod, who served from 1882 to 1883. On August 22, 1880, a congregational meet- ing was held to determine synodical relations, but this broke up in confusion. Another meeting was held, October 2, 1880, at HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 637 which it was decided to join the General Synod. On October 18, 1880, that part of the congregation upholding the constitution of 1877 began legal proceedings to oust the General Synod party from the church. Judge Hunter of the Westmoreland County court decided in favor of the General Council congregation; but his decision was reversed by Judge Sharswood of the supreme court, who awarded the property to the General Synod party. Pastor Ulery claimed that this reversion was due to the fact that the General Council party failed to make a complete state- ment to the supreme court. ‘The General Council congregation then rallied under the leadership of Pastor J. C. Kunzmann, secured a new building site on the original church farm, and built a brick church at a cost of $8,000. This church was dedi- cated by Pastor Kunzmann, June 14, 1885. The membership gradually rallied from the shock of division, and numbered 163 at the time of the merger of 1919. The General Synod con- gregation continued to worship in the old church until July 6, 1884, when they dedicated a new church on the Daniel Altman farm, about half a mile to the west. The service of dedication was conducted by Pastor Isaiah Irvine, sermons being preached in German and English by Pastors A. C, Ehrenfeld and G. W. Leisher. A parsonage lot was bought from Daniel Altman about the same time, on which a pastor’s home was erected:at a cost of $1,000. .The cost of the new church was about $10,000. Their interest in the old church property was sold to the Reformed for $2,000, July 30, 1888, and the proceeds invested for the use of the congregation. Zion has lost but little of her former vitality, except for the fact that so many of her young people have moved to the cities and towns. In 1919 the confirmed membership numbered 178. It is the cherished hope of many friends that both congregations may soon worship together again, as heirs of their common heritage. The following pastors have served here since the division: UPPER CHURCH LOWER CHURCH Rey A. @ eee Erenield.t 2... 1880-1882 SUD PILES ee ee ne ne eee eae 1880-1882 Mevesberer Cy ubell.t ees ee 1882-1883 Reverie Ga ounzmant,.) Dee, 1882-1887 Revem sda elrvines 22a. seer 1884-1887 RG Vame Vege Ele ein ce eee 1887-1894 Rev. See (aly Wyvawiedohe ba eA 1888 - 1897 Rev. Jonathan Sarver, D.D.......1895-1903 Rev. LSM treaniera ss se 1897-1903 Rev. Joshua A. Vouh teeta 1904-1904 Rev. im ee Peetlassinver sa 1903-1912 Revigel ty Oe Glenna: san nee ee 1904-1910 Rev. L. M. Daubenspeck.............. 1912-1913 Review Ey ht Ela Io hriseete es ee eee 1911-1913 Rev. apne Pca ti rn oe ee 1913-1918 Rey is Tsaac. Ky sWismerca so. 1913-1922 Revie Geasky Courtney. 5b 1918-1921 Se Piet) olay ee 1922-1923 Ie ered kN Weta es ee 1921- IRCohy ee LD ae NSU Eee gd oases Dee 1923-1925 BKVAN. LUTHERAN BRUSH CREEK SALEM’S CHURCH HEN PE Eel WP VES PMORTVAND COUNTY, (PA. The two chief German settlements of Hempfield Township, Harold’s and Brush Creek, were contemporaneous. Pioneers of 638 HISTORY. OF THEY PLitsBURGHSAYNOD the first named applied for lands in the early spring of 1769, when they were opened to settlement by the state; the same thing can be said of a few families of the second. The Bauerle family, closely identified with the pioneer history of Brush Creek, was es- tablished in this vicinity dt least’ ten years berg@nc the land was purchased from the Iroquois. Of the two churches estab- lished in these settlements Harold’s is given first place because it was first to secure lands, first to erecta ‘“buildinswerow church and school purposes, and first to begin regular parish records. The first religious services, here as at Harold’s, were conducted by the schoolmasters; and consisted of song, prayer and the reading of an approved sermon. ‘Two of these school- masters were Michael Zundel and George Bushyager. In Brush Creek settlement these pioneer services were held in the Davis and Loutzenheiser homes, as well as at Fort Waldhauer. This fort was a large block house, with the upper story projecting over the lower, erected by Michael Waldhauer, a Lutheran, near the intersection of the Pittsburgh and Clay pikes, and was de- signed for the protection of settlers against Indian raids. From 1769 to 1794 the settlement was in constant fear of the savages, and at times suffered severely. Adam Saam, whose name also appears on the list of early Lutheran communicants, organized a rifle company that did much to allay the fears of the people. Several persons were killed and scalped by Indians within sight of this old fort, but the fort itself was never attacked, since the Indians always depended upon surprise for success. On June 22, 1782, after one of these raids, the Brush Creek settlers sent a petition to the commandant at Fort Pitt, asking for adequate military protection. On July 22, 1781, twenty persons in the home of Philip Klingelschmidt, near the present site of Jeannette, were cruelly murdered. The first log school house of Brush Creek settlement was burned by marauding Indians in 1781 or 1782. ‘This building stood in the old graveyard, a short distance north of the present church. After the burning of the school BIS LURYsOrrl HESPrUrSpURGH > YNOD 639 house a log church was erected in its place, which served also for school purposes. Such was the Indian menace of the times that for several years the men never went to church without their guns. ‘The first church was °‘a structure of hewn logs, with only one door, and that at the gable end. ‘The floor was of puncheons ; the seats hewn logs; there was no pulpit, no gallery ; and a common table served for an altar.” No provision was made for heating or lighting, since no evening services were held, and many of the hardy pioneers did not approve the idea of going to church to be comfortable. Not a little opposition at- tended the first installation of heating stoves in the second church. The land on which the church was erected was part of dettact ornle2 acres secured through) David) Marchand. | The deed of transfer was not made to the two congregations until July 20, 1797, and the consideration named was 28£ 12s. 6 d. The following regulations and conditions are attached to the deed: “That it is equally granted and appropriated for the use and mutual convenience and accommodation of those two religious denominations of Christians , and that I do hereby for myself and my heirs forever pro- hibit the trustees of said congregation from selling, bartering, or in any way disposing of the said granted premises or any part thereof, under the penalty of forfeiting the right and title of the said congregation to the said granted premises; and in case of its becoming so forfeited that it shall immediately revert to the said David Marchand, or his heirs, upon the reimbursement of the said consideration without interest. It is a further condition and stipulation in the aforesaid grant, that if either the ministers or the members of the said congregation, or either of them, shall commence and prosecute any contentious disputes or quarrels against each other, about any matters respecting the said congregation or any of the property hereby granted, or about any religious principles or tenets of either of the said denominations of Christians, that in such case the parties or persons so engaged in such controversy shall and may, by the opinion and decision of the trustees or majority of them, be debarred of all privileges of either preaching or hearing, until an ‘amicable settle- ment of the controversy shall take place and peace and good order be perfectly restored and approved by the said trustees or a majority -of them. And the said David Marchand, for himself and his heirs, the said described land and premises with the appurtenances unto the said trustees and their successors, under the conditions aforesaid, shall and will by these presents warrant and forever defend.” Under an Act of Assembly, January 21, 1819, it was held that the Marchand deed failed to name the trustees; and the As- sembly named John Shrum and Adam Baughman to hold the land in trust for the congregations, and gave them authority to Sellvo2. acres. | Since that time the legal affairs of Brush Creek Church have been managed by two trustees; one acting for the Lutherans and one for the Reformed. In 1864, by Act of Assembly, Peter Whitehead and Michael Baughman, trustees, were authorized to sell the coal under an additional plot of 40 6—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 49. aS i. oN 5 | \\ nik De reaiqen) i; ann nielelye in Der CsWvold he Arr Le. Sfenrin i in os ; i ee MW LUC hl ee ME, Dard) den Lrange leh Suljertiehen ie ae Tet Oi hal 2 Tet sal ift monde ind 1 yon Fale) Loos ht = Joly ‘heh ay / . a | o PAGE OF BRUSH CREEK CHURCH RECORD, 1792 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 641 acres and 86 perches to the Penn Gas Coal Company, for which the congregations received $5399.90. Practically all this money was used for the improvement of property. Reformed and Lu- theran pastors alike complained that the manner in which this money was used, relieving the people of the responsibility of giving, was more harmful than helpful in the spiritual develop- ment of the congregation. ’So long as the farm fund provided for local expenses, the grace of giving was not cultivated among the people as it might have been. On November 27, 1874, the Brush Creek Lutheran and Reformed Cemetery was incorpor- ated; and to this corporation, December 1, 1877, the trustees granted a deed for 24 acres. ‘This is a self-perpetuating cor- poration, and is not responsible to the church except for the fact that the five Reformed and five Lutheran directors must be members of Brush Creek Church. It is one of the best kept cemeteries in Westmoreland County, and its location upon a commanding hill top is ideal. Some of its gravestones are as old as 1788, and many of the nameless graves are doubtless older. Of the original church farm, about 74 acres yet remain in the possession of the church. The coal under 32 acres of this land has recently been optioned at $1,000 per acre. The first pastors of this church were Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge of the Lutherans and Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber of the Reformed. The first named came to the settlement in the spring of 1782 as a layman; and, after preaching for several months was ordained in Harold’s Church by Balthaser Meyer. This ordination was not recognized as valid by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania; but that body finally relented and granted Pastor Luetge a license to preach in 1788. In 1789 he returned to Franklin County, where a few years later he died of tuberculosis. This pioneer pastor left no written records of his ministerial acts in any of the settlements; such baptisms as he performed are recorded in the handwriting of the schoolmaster. If he ever conducted a com- munion service it is not of record. The first baptisms recorded in the Brush Creek Church Book began in 1792; the first com- munions in 1795. Pastor Luetge’s successor was Rev. John Michael Steck, who came to the Westmoreland settlements in the spring of 1791, in response to an invitation from Harold’s, Brush Creek, Greensburg, and Ridge. He found the Brush - Creek congregation fully organized. Just when the first organi- zation was effected would be difficult to state, since the methods of organization were not the same then as now. If we accept the date of beginning religious services in the settlement as the time, then it can be said that there was a provisional organization here about the year 1773. Such other organization as may have been 7—Centennial History of Brush Creek Church. 642 HiISTORV@QOR WDE Wer iL ois Uik G He Sy AND considered necessary, such as the appointment of almstakers and a treasurer, was likely effected by Pastor Luetge after his licen- sure in the year 1788. All dates’ for the founding of Brush Creek Church are conjectures. At ithe time of his coming ‘to Westmoreland, Rev. John M. Steck, like his predecessor, was unordained; he was not even granted a license to preach until 1796. He was a man of sterling character, however, and during a pastorate of thirty-eight years rendered a service of inestimable value. In response to the call of the scattered Germans, he trav- elled on horseback far and wide, ministering to thousands and laying the foundations of scores of Evangelical Lutheran churches. His first communion service at Harold’s was _ held, October 11, 1791, when 80 communed; his first communion in Brush Creek Church was held, May 17, 1795, when 66 com- muned. A class of 23 young people was confirmed on the day of his first recorded communion service. From May 17, 1795, to October 6, 1799, he administered the sacrament of the altar in the old log church to the following persons: Altman, Adam Fritschmann, Johannes Kaeppel, Christian Amelang, Jacob Fritschmann, Mrs. Barbara Keck, Georg Amelang, Margaretha Fritschmann, Conrath Keck, Mrs. Catharina Amelang, Anna Maria Fuchs, John Peter Keck, Heinrich Amelang, Catharina Gangewehr, Philip Keck, Mrs. Catharina Amon, Anna Catharina Antony, Elizabeth Antony, Catharina Antony, Suszanna Barth, Juditha Grauszle, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Jacob Batz, Joh. Georg Gunkel, Barbara Klingenschmidt, Mrs. Eliza- Batz; Maria Eva Gunkel, Johannes beth Bachmann, Heinrich Gunkel, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Philip Bachmann, Mrs. Catharina Haack, George Klingenschmidt, Mrs Gath= Bachmann, John Adam Haack, Mrs. Anna Maria arina Bachmann, Peter Haack, Nicolaus Klingenschmidt, Jacob Bachmann, Heinrich, Jr. Haack, Juliana Klingenschmiadt. Mrs. Mar- Bachmann, Johannes Haack, Elizabeth garetha Baehr, Susanna Haack, Suszanna Klingenschmidt, Peter Baehr, Catarina Hagar, Kilian Klingenschmidt, Mrs. Anna Baurle, Magdalena Hamm, Elizabeth Maria Bauerle, Margaretha Hamm, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Johannes Bauerle, Catharina Hartmann, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Andreas Berlin, Jacob Hauser, Johannes Klingenschmidt, Margaretha Berlin, Mrs. Magdalena Heck, Wilhelm Klingenschmidt, Barbara Berlin, Anna Maria Hermann, Elizabeth Klingenschmidt, Elizabeth Bigele, Margaretha Hesz, Wilhelm Klingenschmidt, Cath. Marg. Braun, Johannes Hesz, Johannes Klingenschmidt, Catharina Brinker, Catharina Hieszly, Sara : Klingenschmidt, J. Philip Brinker, Luisa Mieszly, Anna Maria Klingenschmidt, Mar. Eliza- Buechle, Catharina Hill, Peter ; beth Diehl, Philip Hill, Mrs. Catharina Knabenbergh, Conrath Diehl, Mrs. Susanna Hill, Appollonia Knabenbergh, Mrs. Eva Bar- Drumm, Margaretha Hill, Elizabeth bara Eberhardt, Paul Hill, Hanna Knabenbergh, Elizabeth Eberhardt, Jacob Hobach, Valentine Knabenbergh, Philip Eberhardt, Mrs. Barbara Hobach, Mrs. Magdalena Kneiszle, Georg | Eberhardt, Christian Jung, Elizabeth Kneiszle, Mrs. Catharina Fherhardt. Mrs. Anna Maria Jung, Barbara Kunz, Daniel EHiszenhardt, Jacob Jung, Catharina Kunz, Mrs. Christina Finck, Jacob Kaeppel, Andreas Kunz, Philip Finck, Mrs. Margaretha Kaeppel, Mrs. Anna Maria Kunz, Bartel Finck, Michael Kaeppel, Andreas, Jr. Kunz, Mrs. Christina Frey, Michael Kaeppel, Jacob Kunz, Barbara Frey, Mrs. Anna Kaeppel, Georg : Kuepler, Georg Frey, George Kaeppel, Mar. Veronika Kuepler. Mrs. Elizabetha Frey, Maria Dorothea Kaeppel, Suszanna Kuepler, Suszanna Gangewehr, Mrs. Margaretha Keck, Philip Gimmel, Barbara Georg, M. Catharina Gottleib, Catharina Keck, Abraham Keck, Joh. Georg Kaufer, Anna Maria HISTORY ORS E: PLLTSBURGH S¥ NOD Kuepferschmidt, Michael Kuepferschmidt, Catharina Kuester, Philip Kuester, Catharina Leonhardt, Michael Leonhardt, Mrs. Elizabetha Leonhardt, Adam Leonhardt, Mrs. Sara Leonhardt, Anna Barbara Leonhardt, Anna Maria Leonhardt, Barbara Leonhardt, Christian Leonhardt, Elizabetha Leonhardt, Margaretha Ludwick, Jacob Ludwick, Conrath Ludwick, Barbara Meyer, Balthaser Meyer, Nicolaus Meyer, Mrs. Catharina Meyer, Christian Meyer, Peter Meyer, Georg 4 Meckmillen, Dorothea Moser, Elizabeth ‘Moser, Luisa Mueller, Joh. Peter Mueller, Mrs. Catharina Mueller, Daniel Muensigler, Philip Muensigler, Mrs. Catharina Naelich, Nicolaus Patz, Johann Patz, Mrs. Christina Regert, Anna Maria Reisz, Jacob Reimar, Fr. Albrecht Reimar, Mrs. Suszanna Reitenauer, Mrs. Christian Remehlich, Mrs. Christina Remehlich, Mar. Christina Remehlich, Georg Ringel, Juliana Ritchert, Martin Ritchert, Mrs. Catharina Ritchert, Michael Ritchert, Christina Rubel, Magdalena Rubel, Christina Ruchs, Eva Saam, Adam Sallmann, Salome Schellhammer, Peter Schellhammer Mrs. Catharina Schellhammer, Catharina Schreyack, Helena Schaefer, Jacob Schaefer, Elizabeth Schneider, Abraham Schneider, Mrs. Esther Schneider, Jacob Schneider, Mrs. Eva Schneider, Johannes Schneider, Mrs. Maria Schneider, Helena Schneider, Suszanna Scneider, Lea Schneider, Elizabetha Schneider, Catharina Schcneider, Maria Schneider, Abraham, Jr. Schneider, Anna Catharina Schneider, Juliana Schneider, Adam Schrum, Catharina 643 Schoener, Christina Schuster, Gerhardt Schuster, Mrs. Anna Barbaia Schuster, Margaretha Schuster, Catharina Stehry, Valentin Stehry, Mrs. Margaretha Stehry, Martin Stehry, Mrs. Margaretha Stehry, Anna Maria Stehry, Anna Margaretha Staudenhauer, Ludwick Staudenhauer, Mrs. Elizabeth Thormeyer, Andreas Thormeyer ,Mrs. Margaretha Thormeyer, Georg Thormeyer, Jacob Thormeyer, Martin Thormeyer, Anna Maria Thormeyer, Catharina Thormeyer, Elizabetha Ulrich, G. P. Waldhauer, Michael Waldhauer, Christoph Waldhauer, Joseph Waldhauer, Esther Waldhauer, Catharina Waldhauer, Juditha Waldhauer, Dorothea Walgenbach, Reinhardt Walter, Peter Walter, Mrs. Esther Walter, Suszanna Walter, Margaretha Walter, Catharina Wannemacher, Georg Ziegler, Juliana Although several names are repeated in the above list, the manner of keeping the record shows that they were different persons. ing in the records of Harold’s Church. The similarity of Christian names is even more strik- It is worthy of note that no less than twenty-six of these persons attended the com- munion services in Harold’s Church between October 11, 1791, and April 20, 1794, showing the close connection between the two communities. During the pastorate of Rev. John M. Steck the congregation outgrew the restricted quarters of the old log church, and it became necessary to erect a larger and more permanent building. In 1815 the two congregations decided to build a substantial brick church; and, on the occasion of the lay- ing of the cornerstone, August 17, 1816, adopted the following agreement. ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT “Tn the name of the Trinity of God have we, the Christian congrega- tions near Brush Creek, united ourselves to erect by the help of God a house to the honor and service of the Lord on our jointly owned church land in Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, in the State of Pennsylvania. Since up to the present the necessary preparations and mutual labor, under the guidance of our jointly elected contractors, viz., Peter Bachmann and Abraham Wagle on the Evangelical Lutheran, and Heinrich Kaufer and Conrad Krack on the Evangelical Reformed side, terminated in peace and good order, and, on the 17th day of August, in the year of our Lord, 1816, the ceremonies for the laying of the corner 644 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD stone, with religious services and prayers to God that he would bless our labor and let us complete same in peace; in order to prevent all possible dissatisfaction and irregularities, we, the Elders, eet have unani- mously decided on the following arrangements: 1. This church shall solely and forever belong to and remain the property of the two High German congregations, Evangelical Lutheran and Evangelical Reformed, to be erected and kept in repair by these, and shall be known under the name of the Brush Creek Salems Church. 2. There shall be no religious services held therein until the com- pletion of the building. 3. The Church Council shall consist of, and are to be elected from, the following persons: each of the congregations shall have in service continuously two elders and at least two deacons. The elders shall be elected for life time, so long as they shall fulfill their duties. Every two years, about New Year’s Day, a new deacon shall be elected by each side, and the one who has served longest shall resign if he is not again elected. The right to elect the councilmen shall be the privilege of each of the congregations. 4. The duty of the Council, on each side for itself, shall be to take care at all times that the congregation shall have a competent preacher and provide for his sustenance; to provide all fixtures for the church and make arrangements for the best welfare of each congregation; also to provide for all needed things not contained in these articles. However, they shall not have permission to engage the yearly services of another preacher unless he be under the order of the Coetus. 5. The set rules of this church, with regard to a preacher for both congregations, shall be as follows: One half of the days of the year, especially Sundays and holidays, shall be devoted to the services of the Evangelical Lutheran, and the other half of the days of the year, espe- cially Sundays and holidays, shall be devoted to the services of the Evangelical Reformed congregation. However, alternately, so that each second day, Sunday or holiday shall be devoted to the services of one or the other in the following order: the minister who first arranged for the service shall also have the right for that day to hold service; and like- wise, in holding communion, whoever ordered it first shall have the right to the church for preparatory services the previous Sunday. ‘The same in funerals. Should occasion arise that one of the preachers accepted by us has arranged services and the other has a funeral in the churchyard, the preacher who has the funeral shall have the use of the church. 6. In conducting the instruction of children the following exception shall take place: whereas, it often occurs that the ministers of both con- gregations have set the same time for the instruction of children, the preacher who first began these instructions shall have the use of the church the first three days of the week, and the other the last three days, up until the last week, when the one who has finished his instructions, and will hold Holy Communion, shall have the use of the church for the entire previous week and also the Sunday on which he holds Holy Communion. 7. Since it often occurs that strange preachers desire to hold serv- ices in our church on a day when one of our regular preachers has ar- ranged services, it shall be for the congregation to decide if they wish to hear the strange preacher. The Council shall consult with the regular preacher at such times, and, if found suitable, the church shall be turned over to the strange preacher. With reference to strange preachers at any other time, it shall always be left to the Council to decide whether he Ps LOM OPSEHETPI DT SBURGH SYNOD 645 shall be permitted to preach or not. And, in general, every unexpected event not covered by this agreement shall be submitted to the two joint- councils for decision. __ We have this day and year, as above written, made and entered into, with the approval of both congregations, signed our names.” Peter Bachmann, Chairman Heinrich Kaifer Abraham Wagle Conrad Krack Christian Gross Casper Waldhauer Daniel Gorths Adam Horn Jr. Jacob Smith Bastian Gunkel Owing to scarcity of funds the work of building was slow, so that the church was not dedicated until 1820. Pastors John M. Steck and Nicholas P. Hacke conducted the dedicatory serv- ice and Rev. Henry Gerhart preached the sermon. The founda- tions were imbedded on the solid rock, so that the walls have stood without a flaw for more than a century. It was built of brick, 40x50, with a gallery on three sides and a high pulpit in the rear of the altar, at a cost of $5,000. In order to raise the needed funds, portions of the church farm were sold by the trus- tees at prices ranging from $15 to $19 per acre. Pastor John M. Steck continued to serve the church until July 14, 1830, when his labors closed in death. In the fall of 1829, his son, Rev. Michael _J. Steck was called as his assistant; and on the death of the father the son became the pastor. His ministry was even more fruitful than that of his father; and when his pastorate closed in death, September 1, 1848, thousands mourned his loss. After his death the language question became a burning issue in Brush Creek Church. This settlement was so thoroughly German that many of the fathers believed that it would always remain Ger- man. ‘They used German in their homes, taught the children German in their schools, and confirmed them in German in their church. The introduction of the public school system in Penn- sylvania created the first breach in this order. Gradually the young people of the community became more familiar with English than German, and began to demand English services. To many of their elders these demands seemed like undermining the foundations of their religion; and pastors were compelled to exercise care in granting them. Here and there young people left the church because they could not understand the services, and their distressed parents then began to share their demands. The first English services in Brush Creek Church were con- ducted by Rev. Michael J. Steck, but even this highly esteemed pastor did not dare to oppose the convictions of the substantial conservative men of the. congregation. Sectarian influences never gained great headway in this settlement, but that only made the language question more acute in the church. It came to an issue in 1848, in connection with the election of a successor 646 HISTORY (OF 2HEF PIPTSo BURGH eSYNOD to Pastor Steck. The English element voted for Rev. Henry Ziegler, since they believed that he would give them more English preaching; but the conservative party voted solidly for Rev. Jonas Mechling and made it plain that Brush Creek Church should remain German. 8Efforts were made by representatives of the Pittsburgh Synod to effect a compromise of some kind; but these were futile, and the English element withdrew and organized Trinity Church of Adamsburg. For a number of years, an English and a German church ministered to the Lutherans of the settlement ; then English services were gradually introduced into the old church until German became extinct. As increasing provisions for English were made in Brush Creek Church, the strength of Adamsburg Church was weakened; and the last service was held in the fire September 27, 1908. Naturally, this conflict be- tween the two languages created personal antagonisms, and some of these have not been healed to the present day. Rev. Jonas Mechling served the congregation from 1848 to April 2, 1868, when his pastorate like those of his two immediate predecessors closed in death. His services were in such demand throughout Westmoreland County that his parish at times numbered nearly 2,000 communicants. He was not only a devoted pastor, but especially gifted as a catechist. He was a staunch member of the Ohio Synod throughout his entire ministry. From 1859 to 1865, his son, Rev. George W. Mechling, was assistant pastor; and it was through his efforts that regular and permanent English services were introduced in this church. The congrega- tion prospered so greatly under his ministry that, when he ac- cepted a call to Lancaster, Ohio, in 1865, one of the leading members of Brush Creek Church offered him a fine farm if he would remain. After the death of Rev. Jonas Mechling in 1868 the large parish was divided; and Rev. J. S. Fink accepted a call to a parish consisting of Brush Creek, Hill’s, and Denmark Manor, This division enabled the pastor to give more service to the congregation, and proved highly beneficial. On January 5, 1870, a new “Formula of Government and Discipline’ was adopted; and in 1875 the congregation was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod. Rev. Fink demitted the ministry in 1881 to the deep regret of many friends. His successors in the parish have been: Rev. E. G. Lund, D.D., 1881-1883; Rev. Charles H. Hemsath, 1883-1886; Rev. Charles S. Seaman, 1887-1889; Rev. G. S. Seaman, 1889-1896; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1897-1908; Rev. FE. H. Daugherty, 1909-. All these pastors proved themselves fine leaders; and the old mother church has lost none of her vitality, despite heavy losses 8—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 77. HISTORY OFFI HE /PIVLSBURGH SYNOD 647 by removal. The pastorate of Rev. Charles $. Seaman was closed in death, September 7, 1889, and that of Rev. Philip Doerr in the same manner, December 31, 1908. Brush Creek Church is a mother of churches: Denmark Manor; Zion, Harrison City; Holy Trinity, Irwin; Unity, Manor; Penn; Holy Trinity, Jean- nette; St. Marks, Arona; and Trinity, Adamsburg; may all be regarded as her offspring. In addition to those who entered the membership of these churches at the time of organization, many others have found a place of service in a score of other congre- gations throughout western Pennsylvania. ‘The annual Brush Creek reunion brings hundreds of them back to the mother church every year, to honor the work of their fathers and re- consecrate themselves to the cause of their holy faith. ibe VANS LW LE BRRAN CHURCH OE ’S hi ePAUL DIRAUIGE RPA: This is one of the four churches that composed the original parish of the pioneer Lutheran pastors of Westmoreland County. When sturdy German settlers were building their first log cabins in the wilderness of Hempfield Township, others were engaged in a similar task around the foothills of Chestnut Ridge. When Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber, pioneer Reformed pastor, visited western Pennsylvania in the summer of 1782, he preached trial sermons at Pittsburgh, Brush Creek, Harold’s, and Mount Pleasant Township, and became pastor of those | congregations in 1783. : The testimony of Doctor Nicholas P. Hacke of the Reformed Church 1s that the Mount Pleasant Township congregation fede wt ed. toy was | st. Pan cue ince jot Alls Church extended a regu- lar call to Pastor Weber, there must. have ..been some kind of an organi- zation; and this organt- PLuonmenecomnizedi. the equal rights of Luther- ans and Reformed from the beginning. The first ented eu DastOl «10 preach; for this congre- io 648 HISTORY, OF STHEAERIVTCS BURGH SYNOD gation was Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, who came to Westmore- land in the spring of 1782. ‘The first synodical record of Rev. Luetge’s parish includes the Greensburg, Harold’s, Brush Creek, and Ridge churches; and there is reason to believe that he preached at the Ridge as early as Rev. Weber. No reference is made to these four churches of Rev. Luetge in the synodical record of 1782 for the reason that this pastor began his work here as a layman. He was refused ordination by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1785, but granted a license by the same body in 1788. Since he left Westmoreland County in 1789, six of the seven years of his pastorate were spent without synodical recog- nition. ‘This does not alter the evident fact, however, that he was the accepted pastor of the Ridge church from 1782 to 1789. The name Ridge was applied to the church because its members lived near the western base of Chestnut Ridge. Later it was called Frey’s after a family which lived in the vicinity of the second church. The first log church was located about one and a half miles east of the present St. Paul’s on the farm of Casper Weaver, a relative of the first Reformed pastor. It was prob- ably erected before the year 1782, for there is a well established tradition that Rev. Weber preached his trial sermon in it on the occasion of: his first visit. It was little more than a rude log school house, such as was erected in each of the German settle- ments of that day. °“Some time in 1790, a desire was expressed by a few peo- ple for better church accommodations, and for a permanent loca- tion for a church and graveyard. Three locations were pro- posed: the old site where the old log church stood, one on the Pollins farm west of the present church, and the present site. This selection was therefore a cormpromise, as it was considered more central. The land was owned by Henry Clever, adjoining lands of John Spielman, John Griffin and others. The deed was made to Matthias Ringle, Christian Lobingier, Jacob Christman, and Rudy Baer, trustees, in trust for St. Paul’s Church, June 6, 1796, for three and a half acres of land, for the consideration of 5£ 17s 6d. In 1833 the trustees made an exchange of 205 perches of land with Michael Fry and Regina, his wife, for the same number of perches, in order to straighten their lines and get their plot of land in better shape.” The second church was built on this new site before the close of the eighteenth century. 1!°This church was built of logs, and was for a long time without altar or pews. Subsequently, through the exertions of some of the leading members, these 9—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 98. 10—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 101. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 649 were supplied. Afterwards the building was also plastered on the outside, which made it for a time look more respectable.” The Lutheran pastor, at the time of the dedication of the second church, was Rev. John M. Steck, who conducted services in German once every month from 1791 to 1829. He saw hut little of the Indian troubles of the settlers, since these were definitely stopped in 1794, but was compelled to endure many hardships in order to minister to the scattered people. Much ot his time was spent in the saddle. It is to be regretted that the old Church Book, in which his ministerial acts were recorded, was lost during the Civil War. His successor was Rev. Jonas Mechling, who served as regular pastor, 1829-1848, and as sup- ply, 1848-1855. During the pastorate of Rev. Mechling the third church was dedicated. The building committee was composed ot Christopher Lobingier and Abraham Rumbaugh of the Luther- ans, and William Fisher and Jacob Christman of the Reformed. The corner stone was laid, June 17, 1846, and the church dedi- cated by Pastors Hacke and Mechling in the fall of the same year. It was built of brick, 44x65, at a cost of $5,000; and was considered one of the best churches in the county at that time. hemextatounepastors;wereshev,, yO Py Bakers tReve Ga w. Busby, Rev. Enoch Smith, and Rev. S:'L. Harkey, D.D., each of whom gave helpful service. After the resignation of Doctor Harkey in 1882, Mount Pleasant Parish was divided; and St. Paul’s Church with a membership of 140 undertook to support a pastor alone. Rev. A. D. Potts served as the pastor, 1883 to 1896, during which he built up a strong congregation. During this pastorate the congregation was incorporated, and a small frame parsonage was purchased in Pleasant Unity for $1,700. Student E. M. Potts spent the summer of 1896 with the congre- gation; and then a call was extended to Rev. Jesse Dunn, who served from October 27, 1896, to December 15, 1903. Before Pastor Dunn resigned, the two congregations worshipping in St. Paul’s Church agreed to a friendly separation. The old church was tfnsafe for use; and it was sold to Adam Siemon, The last Lutheran service in this church was conducted by Rev. Jesse Dunn, March 30, 1902. The cemetery was still held in common by the two congregations; but the church lot was divided, and the Reformed at once built a new church on their part. The Lutherans then purchased a six-acre tract on the opposite side of the road for $1,500, the purchase price being given to the tritstees by Joseph’ C. Koontz#ingthemiorm of anvannuity, ‘A building committee was then appointed, consisting of Levi Silvis, M. L. Fausold, H. F. Beistel, George A. Armel, J. M. Keck, and C. H. Smith, by whom plans were secured for a modern church. .This church was dedicated by the former pastor, Rev. Jesse Dunn, assisted by Doctor W. J. Miller and Rev. G. W. Spiggle, 650 HISTORN OF SLANE TPL UC SBURGH rs YNOD May 1, 1904. It was built of brick and stone at a cost of $17,500. The Pleasant Unity parsonage was sold for $1,500, May 28, 1906, and a brick parsonage was erected on the church ground during the pastorate of Rev. Frank P. Bossart at a cost of $6,000. St. Paul’s Church has an endowment of $6,000, $4,000 of which was bequeathed by Jacob Rumbaugh and $2,000 by John Henry Bash. ‘The complete list of pastorates is as fol- lows: Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, 1782-1789; Rev. John M. Steck, 1791-1829; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1829-1855; Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1855-1862; Rev. G. W. Busby, 1863-1869; Rev. Enoch Smith, 1869-1873; Rev. S. L. Harkey, D.D., 1874-1883; Rev. A. D. Potts, Ph.D., 1883-1896; Rev. Jesse Dunn, 1896-1903; Rev. D. W. Michael, 1904-1907; Rev. F. P. Bossart, 1907-1916; Rev. Gi Eabozery 1916-192 ee Revatins pebenrerses OZ 1a BIRST EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN. CHU Git GREENSBURG, PA. This church enjoys the distinction of being one of the four congregations that composed the parish of the first Lutheran pastor of western Pennsylvania. Some of its founders were numbered among the pioneers of 1769, who took up lands as soon as they were opened to settlement. There were Lutherans living in this community before the town of Greensburg was con- ceived, and seventeen years before it received its present name. The mere presence of Lutherans in a commun- ity, however, does not mean the establishment of a church; such an or- ganization came only with, the processeswuad time. The first step to- ward such an organiza- tion was made, not in the immediate neighborhood but wats, blarold’ssiniee summer of 1770, when alluthe German “settlers united in building a log school house for the edu- cation of their children. Here the only Lutheran services of western Penn- sylvania for a number. of years, aside from the HISTORY OF THE: PITTSBURGH SYNOD 651 customary family devotions, were held; and here the Lutheran mothers of Greensburg did not hesitate to take their children for baptism at the hands of the pious schoolmaster, Balthaser Meyer. Colonel Christopher Truby, one of the two original land own- ers of Greensburg, had his son Johannes baptized by this school- master, January 24, 1773. ‘They had but little reason to mistrust lay baptism, since even the men whom they regarded as “regular ministers’ were unordained. ‘Their first pastor, Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, was never ordained by a Lutheran synod, and did not even possess a license to preach during the first six years of his pastorate in Westmoreland County. It is to be regretted that Pastor Luetge left no records of his ministerial acts, so that we are unable to determine the number of Greensburg Lutherans, who journeyed to Harold’s Church during those early days to receive the communion. Nor can it be proven that he did not administer the sacrament at stated times in Greensburg during the seven years of his pastorate. In the minutes of the Minis- terium of Pennsylvania for 1796, it is definitely stated that Rev. Luetge had served the congregations at Greensburg, Harold’s, Brush Creek, and Ridge. This indicates that there must have been some kind of an organization here before 1789, when Pas- tor Luetge returned to the Cumberland Valley. In 1784 a com- munity school house was built near the St. Clair spring, in which Rev. Luetge held regular services; and it would not be far from the truth to say that this was the year of the first provisional organization. The second pastor was Rev. John M. Steck, who came to Westmoreland County in 1791, and held his first communion service at Harold’s in October of that year. Like his predeces- sor he was unordained, working for the first five years of his pastorate without even a license to preach; but he was one of the most useful and influential men in the Lutheran Church of west- ern Pennsylvania. With the spirit of a true bishop of souls, he journeyed far and wide in his ministrations, and thousands of people learned to speak his name with reverence. 11In August, 1792, a joint meeting of the Lutheran and Reformed congregations was held for the purpose of electing trustees, to purchase property as a site for a church and ground for a grave yard. The records of the court house show that the following named persons were elected, Peter Rugh, Philip Kuhns, Dewalt Mechling, Ludwig Oderman, John P. Miller, and William Best, on the part of the Lutherans, and Christopher Truby, Simon Drum Jr., Henry Hiesley, William Barnhart, Daniel Turney (Dorney), and John Wensel, on the part of the 11—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 47. 652 HISTORY OF THESPIDISBURGH AoVINOD Reformed, then also called Calvinists. ‘These trustees, under this authority, purchased from Christopher Truby, February 28, 1795, for four pounds and ten shillings, a town lot and a halt, 90x100 feet, on the corner of Main and Third streets. On the same day they also bought from Christopher Truby and John Peter Miller, for four pounds and ten shillings, two acres and sixty-six perches on South Main street for a burying ground.” Because of the disorganized condition of the country, due largely to the Whiskey Insurrection, this purchase was not made until three years after the congregation had given them the authority. As soon as the purchase was made, however, a plain log church was erected, which was the first church building of Greensburg. In this log church Rev. Johann Wilhelm Weber held the first communion service for the Reformed, April 22 1796, when nineteen members communed. Pastor John M. Steck may have held a communion service for the Lutherans about the same time, but no record was made of it. The first service of this character recorded was held, April 14, 1799, when forty-five communed. The first confirmation service was held, October 20, 1799, when thirty-two were confirmed. From that time to the close of his pastorate, Rev. John M. Steck recorded two com-: munion services a year. The strength of the Greensburg Church was manifest from the beginning. Including the members of the first confirmation class, 120 received the sacrament of the altar during the year 1799, ‘Their names are as follows: Andrea, Philip Keppel, Daniel Ruch, Mrs. Margaretha Andrea, Mrs. Anna Maria Keppel, Mrs. Elizabetha Ruch, Jacob Andrea, Michael Keppel, Elizabetha Ruch, Elizabetha Baer, George Klein, Catharina Ruch, Francisca Baer, Mrs. Susanna Kraushar, Magdalena Ruch, Jacob Baum, Anna Catharina Klingenschmidt, Andreas Ruhe, Sacksman Bender, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Barbara Ruhe, Maria Bernhardt, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Georg Ruhmelig, Christina Bossert, Sara Klingenschmidt, Catharina Sacksman, Christian Bossert, Catharina Klingenschmidt, Anna Sacksman, Christina Brendel, Catharina Kuntz, Philip Sacksman, Barbara Cherry, Sara Kuntz, Mrs. Margaretha Sacksman, Anna Maria Cherry, Susanna Kuntz, Anna Maria Sacksman, Matthias Dorny, Magdalena Kuntz, Jacob Schechtel, Catharina Dorny, Margaretha untZee be bilipees it Scheury, Johannes Errett, Heinrich Lint, Anna Maria Scheury, Maria Ferris, Ebi Lutz, Catharina Scheury, Nicolaus Franz, Elizabetha Mahnenschmidt, Christian Scheffer, Dorothea Haub, Conrath Mahnenschmidt, Susanna Scheffer, Eva Haub, Mrs. Elizabetha Mahnenschmidt, Heinrich Scheffer, Magdalena Haub, Michael Mechling, Michael Scheffer, Anna Maria Hays, Catharina Mechling, Mrs. Anna M. Scheffer, Maria ~ Hebel, Catharina Mueller, Michael Schneider, Jacob Hebel, Anna Maria Otterman, Ludwig Schneider, Mrs.’ Eva Hess, Johann Otterman, Elizabetha Schneider, Elizabetha Hess, Barbara Otterman, Georg Silvis, Elizabetha Hess, Anna Reiss, Maria Streher, Catharina Hess, Jacob Reiss, Eva Stroh, Jacob Hess, Michael Reiss, Elizabetha Stroh, Mrs. Martha Heyl, Jonathan Rosensteel, Andreas Stroh, Johann Peter Heyl, Mrs. Margaretha Rosensteel, Jacob Stroh, Mrs. Maria Huch, Peter Ruch, Michael Stroh, Justina Keppel, Nicolaus Ruch, Mrs. Luisa, Thom, Elizabetha Keppel, Mrs. Anna Maria Ruch, Peter Thom,, Catharina HISTORY OF ‘THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 653 Uber, Peter Walter, Frederich Williams, Daniel Uber, Mrs. Maria Walter, Johannes Williams, Mrs. Christina Uber, Maria Wannemacher, Georg Williams, Johannes Uhrig, Catharina Wannemacher, Mrs. Anna Williams, Elizabetha Uhrig, Christina Wegele, Maria Williams, Christina Wagner, Anna Williams, Thomas Ziegler, Philip At least thirty-one of these received the sacrament in Harold’s Church before 1795. ‘The spelling of family names varies so much on the same page of the record that it is some- times difficult to determine the facts. Some of the fathers changed the spelling of their names two or three times, but this was not their own fault so much as that of their English friends, who found it difficult to accommodate themselves to the German spelling. Additional ground adjoining the church lot was purchased, May 15, 1815, for $300; and a large two-story brick church was built on this at an approximate cost of $6,000. The corner stone was laid in the summer of 1815; but times were so hard that it was impossible for the congregation to furnish material to the builders, so that the church was not completed and dedicated until 1819; and even then the debt incurred was so heavy that the corner lot on which the old log church stood was sold in order to pay it. The price secured was $421. This does. not seem like a large sum, but in those days, when farm products were not marketable, when many farms were sold at a sacrifice, when the notes of the so-called Greensburg Bank became worth- less, it seemed a small fortune. The entire debt was not paid until 1830. In 1829 the health of Pastor John M. Steck began to fail, and his son, Rev. Michael J. Steck, was called as assistant. When the father was summoned to his reward, July 14, 1830, the son was able to carry on the work of the parish without any of that confusion which often follows a change of pastorate. Tike the father, Rev. Michael J. Steck served. the parish until death, September 1, 1848, completing a joint pastorate of fifty- seven years, The influence of these two pastors is felt in the church life of Westmoreland County to the present day. Rev. Michael J. Steck with his parish entered heartily into the organi- zation of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1845, and his unexpected death was one of the heaviest blows the synod received in its earlier history. Plans for a large educational institution at Greensburg were abandoned; and the strongest churches of the county, under the leadership of Rev. Jonas Mechling, returned to the Ohio Synod. The Greensburg Church formally sanctioned this return, August 22, 1849, by the following action: ‘Resolved that we are willing that our preacher, J. Mechling, shall remain a member of the Ohio Synod, and that we also are willing to remain in its fellowship.” For a time pastors of the Ohio Synod held to the conviction, expressed in the columns of the Lutheran 654 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Standard, that all the Lutheran churches of the county would eventually seek their fellowship. In this they were greatly mis- taken, for when Pastor Mechling was gathered to his fathers, April 2, 1868, after a ministry of forty-eight years in his home county, all the Ohio Synod churches of the section turned to the Pittsburgh Synod for their pastors. ‘The Greensburg Church returned, August 25, 1882. After the death of Pastor Mechling his large parish was divided; Greensburg and Harold’s forming a parish. The first pastor of this restricted parish was Rev. George A. Bruegel, who was called with the understanding that one half of the services should be conducted in English. Twenty years before, during the pastorate of Rev. M. J. Steck, an effort had been made to introduce English services into the church; and the result was a rupture and the organization of Zion’s Church, January 16, 1848. Profiting by experience the officers determ- ined to hold the English work under the control of the congre- gation; and the language problem was handled so judiciously that all German services ceased after the pastorate of Doctor J. C. Kunzmann. Pastor Bruegel’s successor was Rev. Enoch Smith, during whose pastorate the union between the Lutherans and Reformed was amicably dissolved. Both congregations, after much persuasion, agreed to buy or sell. The Lutheran representative bid $11,600, and the Reformed were paid $5,025 in final settlement, August 26, 1881. Pastor Enoch Smith collected the necessary funds, and also secured $4,000 for a parsonage on West Third street, “His: successon was Rev: |h Ciktunzimana whose outstanding task was the building of a new church. The associations of the old building, in which the congregation had worshipped for sixty-four years, were deeply ingrained; and many of the older members were slow about giving assent. Pastor Kunzmann first secured permission from the Church Council to make a test canvass ; and, when this yielded pledges of $19,000, the congregation voted to rebuild. A building committee was appointed, consisting of John Rugh, J. J. Mechling, M. CG. Blank, C. Holtzer, John Bortz, Charles Baker, and Pastor Kunz- mann; and the contract for the building was let to H. H. Griese of Cleveland, O. The corner stone was laid, August 11, 1883; the basement was occupied for services, March 30, 1884; the completed church was: dedicated, April 11, 1886, Doctor W. A. Passavant preaching the dedicatory sermon. This church was an imposing Gothic structure, built of brick and stone, with a grace- ful spire 164 feet in height surmounted by a Latin cross. The entire cost, $39,000, was provided in advance of the dedication. Pastor Kunzmann ministered to the congregation for nine years, during which substantial progress was made. Huis _ successor was Rev. A. L. Yount, D.D., who served from June 1, 1891, to December 14, 1914, when his pastorate was closed in death. HISTORY GFIDTHE PITTSBURGH: SYNOD 655 During the twenty-three years spent in this field, Doctor Yount baptized 1020 children and added 1140 persons to the communing membership of the church. During the same time a pipe organ was placed in the chancel at a cost of $2,500, and a Gothic altar erected in front of the organ. His successor, Rev. Charles P. MacLaughlin, D.D., served the congregation during a_ short period, and was highly esteemed as a forceful preacher. After the resignation of Doctor MacLaughlin there was a protracted vacancy; but Doctor Frederick C. Martin accepted a call, Sep- tember 1, 1919. Under his leadership the church building was thoroughly renovated at a cost of $15,000, and the congregation has made a new record for itself in synodical benevolence. The Sunday School work of the church was conducted for many years in connection with the Reformed. After the separation of the two congregations, a Lutheran school was organized by Doctor Kunzmann, May 14, 1882. The church reported 1039 members in 1925. The following is a connected list of the pastorates: Rev. Anton Ulrich Luetge, 1784-1789; Rev. Honuem\leroteck. 1/91=1330 9 Kev. Michaels}. Steck,” 1830- 1848; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1848-1868; Rev. G. A. Bruegel, 1868-1872; Rev. Enoch Smith, 1872-1881; Rev. J. C. Kunzmann, abe loocalo wm hey aval my OUNLwL) Digi sol Olt Reva CMP: Maclaughlin, D.D., 1916-1918; Rev. F. C. Martin, D.D., 1919-. Die vio ANG RICA Pi hE RANT CHURCH LIGONIER PA: This historic community received its name from the old frontier fort, erected by the soldiers of Colonel Henry Bouquet in 1758. This fort was named Ligonier in honor of Sir John Ligonier of the English army; and was erected on the banks of the Loyalhanna within the limits of the present borough. Here one of the most decisive battles of the French and Indian War was fought; and here the conspiracy of Pontiac was checked and defeated. An old barn on the north bank of the creek now marks the position of the front walls of the fort that meant so much to the advance of the American pioneers. Naturally a number of settlers decided to take up lands in the vicinity of the fort, since it was recognized as a great protection in the time of Indian uprisings. Some of these early settlers were Germans; and it is likely that some took up their lands by military permit before they were purchased from the Indians. Other Germans, together with some Holland Dutch and French Huguenots who could speak German, came later; and their number was such as to attract the attention of Rev. John M. Steck. There is a tra- dition to the effect that a church was organized by this pastor in 656 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1790, but no supporting record. Pastor Steck did not come to Westmore- land County until 1791; and then for a while seems to have concen- trated his attention upon the churches of Greens- burg, Harold’s, Brush Creek, and Ridge, “which the late Rev. Luetge had served.” When Pastor Steck was given his first license to preach by the Ministerium of Penn- ft sylvania in 1796, he was jes ermitted to serve the . ek eee Nee! cate churches above ie “¢ named, and the churches ) “at Jacob’s Krik and in Allegany.) s1iGR as tucsn Steck preached at Brandt’s in 1796, it was certainly not one of the regular appointments. His missionary spirit, however, carried him into many communities far removed from the center of his parish; and Rev. W. F. Ulery may be right when he assumes that there may have been a provisional organization effected here in 1793. The records are silent. ‘The first log church of the Brandt settlement was built by Lutherans and Reformed sometime be- tween 1818 and 1822. 12“Tt was a rude house, but a sacred place to the fathers of artless, unassuming piety. Doctor Hacke’s impression is that it , contained but one window. ‘The pulpit was in one corner of the church. Doctor Hacke thinks that they placed the pulpit to one side for the sake of convenience. They wanted a high pulpit, and, not wishing to place it before the only window so as to ex- clude the light of the sun, they concluded to put the light of the gospel not under a bushel but up in the corner. Here the pioneers assembled to worship God. It was quite customary for them to go armed with their guns. This had become necessary in earlier times on account of Indians and wild beasts. ‘The habit probably clung to them after there was little danger from either source. Sometimes game was killed on the way to Zion.” The first official record of any Lutheran service in: this community is found in the old Greensburg Church Book in the writing of Pastor John M. Steck. It is a record of the com- 12—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 110. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 657 munion service of “both congregations of Ligonier Valley,” June 15, 1817. The reference to both congregations is obscure, since it was not the custom of Pastor Steck to administer the sacrament to the Reformed. ‘The persons who partook of the sacrament on that occasion were the following: Ambros, George Eichelberger, Barbara Matheus, Crofel Bonno, George Gelenhe, Anna Barbara Read, Heinrich Bonno, Elizabeth Kraft, Sophina Weller, Barbara Buch, Christian Matheus, Frederick Werne, Barbara Eichelberger, Gottfried Matheus, Anna Maria Yung, John and wife Pastor John M. Steck surrendered the care of the church to Pastor Jonas Mechling in 1820. 13“Rev. Mechling had just been licensed to preach, and therefore was only beginning his ministry here in connection with a few other points. He faithfully ministered to the con- gregation in word and sacrament, and his services were also ap- preciated by the people. He held only one service a month, as was the custom of that time, and gave catechetical instruction and had confirmation once in two or three years. There was a new interest awakened under his ministry, and souls were added to the church of such as were in condition to be saved. Mr. Mechling was an earnest and conscientious man and a faithful minister; but as he conducted his services nearly all in the Ger- man language, this was a serious drawback to the success of his work, especially in the closing years of his pastorate, as the peo- ple were being rapidly anglicized. The fault was not that the people had too much German, but that there was no English for those who needed English services.” The first recorded communion of Pastor Mechling was held, September 11, 1825, when the sacrament was received by the following: Ambros, George and wife Jueli, Elizabetha Lichtenberger, Katharina Ambros, Susanna Jueli, Katharina Matheus, Friedrich Ambros, Margaretha Jueli, Adam Matheus, Maria Baron, Katharina Kraft, Friedrich Matheus, Samuel Baron, Abraham Kraft, Mrs. Katharina Matheus, Susanna Bitner, Maria Kraft, Johannes Matheus, Susanna (2) Bitner, Sara Kraft, Jacob Schaeffer, Susanna Bitner, Katharina Kraft, Christina Stahl, Barbara Bitner, Elizabetha Kraft, Katharina (2) Weller, Barbara Brandt, Susanna Kerns, Christina Wolf, Phillebina Eckert, Rosina Lichtenberger, Jacob Yung, Rosina When Pastor Jonas Mechling was called to Greensburg Parish in 1848, he was compelled to surrender the three churches ofthe valley to the care of Pastor J. J. Sutter, but this: pastor could not meet the language problem successfully, and his pas- torate lasted but one year. The next pastor was Rev. Joseph R. Focht, who made many changes and established the Ligonier congregation on a firm English basis. An English constitution 13—History of the Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 150. 658 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD was adopted in 1851, in which the congregation assumed for the first time the name it now bears. It was also at his suggestion that a fine church site was secured in the town of Ligonier at a cost of $50. Here a brick church was built at a cost of $3,000. After its dedication, November 12, 1851, services in Brandt’s were discontinued. ‘The next three pastors were young men from the seminary: Rev. William H. Wynn, 1854-1856; Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1857-1859; and Rev. George W. Mechling, 1859- 1865. ‘The last named was given a warm welcome by the parish because he was the son of their former pastor, Rev. Jonas Mech- ling, and the young man returned their devotion with a service that yielded the richest of spiritual results. Such was his mis- sionary zeal that he hunted up all the Lutherans of the valley as far as Stahl’s school house, where he sometimes held services ; and his heroism in looking after the sick and dying during serious epidemics was long remembered. In 1867 a house with three acres of ground, a short distance north of the church, was bought for a parsonage. When Rev. J. L. Smith became pastor in 1882, his refusal to occupy this parsonage led to important consequences. ‘The parsonage property was sold, and ground adjoining the church bought from W. H. Covode. Then came the question of investing large sums of money in improvements, while the congregation was bound by its charter to a Reformed congregation, which had ceased to exist in 1859. The pastor was firm in his conviction that this union should be legally dissolved, and the result was that the Lutherans bought the interest of the Reformed and formed a new corporation. The money was paid to a trustee,,acting for*the Retormed under” order somecour After this matter was settled, a parsonage was built for $3,000. All the churches of Ligonier Parish united with the Pittsburgh Synod, August 22, 1883, supporting a general movement that did much to solidify the Lutheran Church of Westmoreland County. In 1892 the parish was divided; and Ligonier and Darlington were placed together, ' Durine the pastorate of KeyeAy bimeoate tholomew, 1894-1898, plans were made for the erection of a better church. The corner stone was laid by Pastor Bartholo- mew, August 7, 1898, but the pastor resigned three weeks later. The building was dedicated by Pastor H. L. McMurray during his second term, February 12, 1899. His building committee consisted of William Hays, I. M. Graham, W. J. Potts, Dr. J. TL, Ambrose, 11. A. shoup, BR Robb,vand) Jaya Kettename ioe new church was built on the old site, utilizing part of the walls of the old building. It was built of brick and stone, Queen Anne style, at a cost of $9,000. The pipe organ was the gift of Andrew Carnegie; and the chancel furniture also was provided by friends not members of St. James. A number of improve- ments were made to this property during the pastorates of Pas- HISTORM OM THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 659 tors C. A. Naumann and Theodore Buch. While the first named was pastor, part of the parsonage property was sold, and the proceeds used for repairs. Under Pastor Buch the basement was completed for Sunday School work. A two-manual Moller pipe organ was installed at a cost of $4,000, and dedicated by Pastor Buch, October 14, 1923. The old organ was rebuilt in the Darlington Church. The Sunday School of St. James was organized in 1871; the Women’s Aid Society in 1887; the Young People’s Society in 1891. The pastors were: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1793-1820; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1820-1848; Rev. J. J. Suter, 1848-1849; Rev. J. R. Focht, 1850-1853; Rev. W. H. Wynn, 1854-1856; Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1857-1859: Rev. G. W. Mech- ling, 1859-1865; Rev. Daniel Worley, 1865-1866; Rev. J. H. Smith, 1866-1874; Rev. A. D. Potts, Ph.D., 1875-1876; Rev. H. Ee MeMurray, 13877-1882: Rev]? smith, Dis 41882-1892 - Rev. Philip Doerr, 1893; Rev. A. H. Bartholomew, 1894-1898 ; DeveniieeleavicVvittray. (second: tery) alovs- 1907 ¢) Revi AS Naumann, 1908-1913; Rev. Theodore Buch, 1913-. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH HAS! HUNTINGDON TOWNSHIP, WESTMORELAND @GUINTAY ea DAN This church is located about two miles from Ruffsdale, near the Ragantown road. It was usually called Schwab’s or Swope’s by the pioneers, probably because of that section of the Fatherland from which the first settlers came. The oldest FeCOLds#O Metneaconeresduonmbean. tue dateroiylo22; * but there is a strong tradition to the effect that it was organized by Rev. J. M. Steck in 1793. A log school house was built in the grave yard in 1793, and this was also used from the beginning achat placesoleworsnip. Atter themresionation ofvPastor J? M. Steck in 1822, Pastor Jonas Mechling took charge of the church and served until 1855. All services for the first 62 years were held in German. During the pastorate of Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1855-1862, the log school house was abandoned for the present church. It is a plain brick building, 35x60, costing $3,000, and was dedicated by Pastor Baker in 1862. The ground on which it was built was donated by Jacob Leighty.. The church was'a part of the Mt. Pleasant Parish . from 1882 to 1906, but has since been served by the pastors of Scottdale Parish. The following pastors have ministered iieiOMmam evan) Ww teckel A032 822 kev |onas Mechling, 1822-1848; Rev. Jonas Mechling (supply), 1848-1855; Rev. I. OR Pe Baker 1855-1862; Kev. G: We Busby; 186321869; Rev. POG oMith al cO7- lose. sRev. or liarkéyal)D.) 1873-18825 660 HISTORY OF THEVPICISBURGHI SYNOD Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1883-1886; Rev. J. R. Groff, 1888-1891 ; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1891-1896; Rev. Herbert Martens, 1897- 1900; Rev. W. R. Swickard, 1901-1905; Rev. B. F. Hankey, 1906-1907 ; Rev. D. W. Michael, 1907-1911; Rev. F. E. Stough, 1912-1917; Rev. J. O. Glenn, 1917-1925; Rev. W. J. Seiberling, 1925-. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN. CHURCH MT. PLEASANT TOWNSHIP, WESTMOREVAND COUN YI EA: St. John’s Church is located on the Latrobe road about two miles north of Mt. Pleasant, and is commonly known as one of the Middle Churches. In early days it was called Kintig’s, probably because services were held in the barn of Daniel Kintig, a prominent member of the Reformed part of the con- gregation. ‘The church land was donated by four men, whose farms joined at this point: Daniel Kintig, Henry Fisher, Andrew Smail, and John Deeds. Each man donated half an acre. The deed of transfer was not made until November 13, 1813, but the land was used for the purposes named probably 30 years before that time. Many graves of the pioneers are unmarked, but some are known to be older than 1800. ‘The first building erected on this church land was a log school house, which was used on Sundays for worship. It stood a short distance east of the present church, and was used for many years after the building of a better church, first as a school house and then as a janitor’s resi- dence. When Pastor J. W. Weber took charge of the Reformed congre- a f=9 re) Sis If | gations of Westmoreland ss] in 1782, he began at once ‘| to preach in this neigh- BAR borhood, and it is gener- I ally believed that he or- {,\» ganized the congregation in the following year. If so it was a union church of Reformed and Lu- therans, for such was ) the custom of the times. ime, Rev. W. F. Ulery is au- ui thority for the statement that the church was or- ganized by Pastor J. M. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 661 Steck, January 3, 1793, and from that time on was one of his regular appointments. This, however, does not preclude the fact that Pastor Anton Ulrich Luetge may have supplied the people alternately with Pastor Weber of the Reformed from 1782 to 1789. The first recorded communion service was con- ducted by Pastor J. M. Steck, June 1, 1800, when the following communed : Alerman, Charlotta Fuchs, Sophia Ledig, Esther Brehmer, Veronica Holzer, Johannes Momeyer, Katharina , Elizabetha Holzer, Barbara Rambach, Heinrich Dietz, Magdalena Jack, John Reiss, Bernhard Fuchs, Peter Klozzinger, Elizabetha Stockberger, Matthias Fuchs, Abraham Koehler, Katharina Zehner, Juliana Fuchs, Kathrina Koehler, Magdalena Zehner, Katharina At a similar service in 1809 Pastor Steck gave the sacra- ment to 56 persons, showing that the number of German families was steadily increasing. The family names recorded up to that time were: Albrecht, Alerman, Armbrust, Bohlams, Bossart, Brauning, Brehmer, Bleistein, Barman, Diemer, Dietz, Fischer, Fuchs, Gratha, Gumber, Hams, Heil, Heindel, Herfer, Holla- bach, Holzer, Jack, Klozzinger, Koenig, Koehler, Ledig, Lingel, Lobingeyern, Lohr, Loesch, Momeyer, Oberlig, Pfaul, Poersch- ing, Prielmann, Purman, Rambach, Reddert, Reichert, Reiss, Ruft, Schaeffer, Schettler, Schneider, Stockberger, Zehner, and Zolleberger. Some of these are known to have settled in this community before 1774, so that it may be classed among the old- est of the German settlements of Westmoreland. The Scotch- Irish were a few years ahead of the Germans, and the neighbor- ing Presbyterian Church has continuous records from 1776. The log school house served as a place of worship until 1827, when a brick church was built for $2,000. Rev. Jonas Mechling was then pastor of St. John’s, and the churches of his parish, as re- ported to the Ohio Synod for that year, were ‘“‘Kintig’s, Henke’s, Jacob’s, Schwab’s, Salem’s, Hoffman’s, Brandt’s, and Donegals.” The? third church was dedicated by Pastor I. O. P. Baker in 1861, the cost being about $3,500. This building was destroyed by fire, October 30, 1909, and there was some hesitancy about rebuilding. The corner stone of a new church was finally laid by Pastor Michael, June 26, 1910, and the building dedicated, October 8, 1911. During the pastorate of Rev. Jonathan Sarver the church was transferred from the Ohio Synod to the Pitts- burgh Synod. St. John’s has never had a large membership, and in recent years losses to city churches have been large. ‘The Rev. George J. Gongaware is a son of St. John’s. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1793-1822; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1822-1855; Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1855-1862; Rev. G. W. Busby, 1863-1869; Rev. Enoch Smith, 1869-1873; Rev; 8: L. Harkey, D.D., 1873-1882; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 662 HISTORY OF VIHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD D.D., 1883-1886; Rev. J. R. Groff, 1888-1891; Rev. C. L. Hollo- way, 1891-1896; Rev. Herbert Martens, 1897-1900; Rev. W. R. Swickard, 1901-1905; Rev. R. L. Leatherman, 1905-1916; Sup- plies, 1916-1919; Rey. G. Ll. Himmelman, 1919-1922; Rev. Jak: Flegler, 1922-1923; Rev..A. W. Trumpeter, 1923-. MOUNT “=ZION* EVANGELICAL (LUTHERAN sCH ORG i DONEGAL, PA. Along the eastern border of Westmoreland County, between the clearly defined ranges of the Chestnut and Laurel Ridges, runs a beautiful valley, sixty miles long and from two to ten miles wide, in which Lutherans have played a large part since the days of settlement. The lower end is called Indian Creek Valley, and here Good Hope Church was organized in 1788; the upper end is called Ligonier Valley, and there the Brandt Church was built in early days; the central part is known as Donegal Valley, in which Mt. Zion Church was established about the year 1792. The first of the early settlers was Andrew Harman, a Lutheran, who was killed by the Indians at Fort Williams, about two miles east of Donegal. It is believed that he came alone to this valley in 1765. ‘Two of his sons were carried into Canada by the Indians, and the older brother lived to return to his home. No other section of the county suffered more at the hands of the savages, since it was easy for them to slip past the fort at Ligonier in the deep woods, strike at the settlement, and then get away under the same cover, «The ereatertpant ofis the originalstsetttens were German Lutherans, with only a few Reform- edi, Their -chrstyr eigen was built on the McEI- vain farm, a short dis- tance north of the high- way. In common with the customs of the times it was built of logs, with a gallery and high pul- pit, but its furnishings were the simplest. The timber was so well se- lected that it served the congregation as a house Pio lORY Our E PIEYSBURGH SYNOD 663 of worship until 1837. Because of the scarcity of pastors and the isolated position of the church, it is difficult to fix the dates of the first pastorates. The pioneer pastors were Rev. John M. Steck and Rev. Johannes Stauch. Pastor J. F. W. Lange of Somerset County also gave them service between 1797 and 1811, after which his license was revoked by the Ministerium of Penn- sylvania. The first regular pastor was Rev. Jonas Mechling, who took charge in 1825, and preached in German every four weeks until 1848. Pastor Mechling was a remarkable catechist, and his strong Bible teaching was the one thing that stood between the Lutheran Church and dissolution, when the: revival fever swept the valley in later years. Adam Byerly donated a lot in Donegal during this pastorate, and a brick church was dedicated in 1838 by Pastors Mechling and Voigt. About this time there arose a strong demand for Eniglish preaching, and neither Pastor Voigt nor Pastor Mechling was able to furnish it. Many young people were lost to the Lutheran Church because of this, but the Reformed were the heavier losers and discontinued services in 1870. The pastor to whom chief credit belongs for bringing the congregation through this transition stage was Rev. Joseph R. Focht, who prepared the first English constitution in 1851, when the name Mt. Zion was assumed. He conducted special services that successfully counteracted the proselyting methods of the re- vivalists, and built up a church of 150 members. One of the most successful pastors was Rev. George Gaumer, 1856-1868, who led the parish into the Pittsburgh Synod. The parsonage was built during the pastorate of Rev. John Welfley. After a renovation, the church was rededicated by Pastor David Earhart, November 4, 1877. The present church was erected during the pastorate of Rev. J. A. Boord. The corner stone was laid on the First Sunday after Trinity, 1896, and the building dedicated by Pastor Boord, October 18, 1897. It was built of brick and stone in cruciform shape, 42x59, and cost $3,500. Mount Zion Church has filled a large place in the spiritual life of this com- munity, and, with a membership of 180, is proving herself worthy of the faith and heroism of the fathers. The pastors were: Rev. J. M. Steck, Rev. Johannes Stauch (supplies), 1792- ZO 7euleve ele ances | /O/ 7 shies hkeva eG. lLarniprecht, [Sl321815- Rev, J. M.steck, 1815-1619. Rey. J- K. Rebenach (supply), 1820-1824; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1825-1848; Rev. J. Je Suter, 1848-1849; Rev. William Uhl) 1849-1850; Rev. J. R. Focht, 1850-1853; Rev. W. H. Wynn, 1854-1856; Rev. George Gaumer, 1856-1868; Rev. J. S. Fink (supply), 1868; Rev. John Welfley, 1869-1875; Rev. David Earhart, 1876-1882; Supplies, 1882-1885; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1885-1888; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1888-1894; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1894-1895; Rev. J. A. 664 HISTORY OF THESPIPTSBURGH SYNOD Boord, 1895-1898; Rev. D. W. Michael, 1898-1901; Rev. J. O. Glenn, 1901-1905; Rev. Jesse Dunn, 1905-1908; Rev. D. L. Miller, 1909-1913; Rev. Jesse Dunn (second term), 1913-. HOPE MEMORIAL EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH SMTP TON PA’ This is none other than the old historic Hoffman’s Church of Baron Run, transferred by a long but natural process to Smithton, about two miles distant from its first place of wor- ship. The Germans settled in this township before the Revo- lutionary War, but did not build a church for several years. Both Lutherans and Reformed attended religious services in private homes until they were able to build a church. Their . first public building was a log hduse, in which services were conducted by Pastors Johannes Stauch and John M. Steck as early as 1794. In 1/96 Jacobs. Krik. was) onewioreaie churches reported by Pastor Steck to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. The time of the first organization is not easily determined, but it is an established fact that Henry Hoffman made his will in 1798, directing that his farm of forty-nine acres should be sold after the death of his wife and the pro- ceeds applied to the building of a church. This would imply the existence of some kind of an organization at the time, and the date of organization is usually given as 1798. Henry Hoffman died in 1802, and a few years later the proceeds of the sale of the farm were used in building the first brick Lutheran church of western Pennsylvania. This church was dedicated by Reformed and Lutheran pastors about the year 1813. It was dedicated as Hope Church, but was usually called Hoffman’s. Lutherans and Reformed worshipped within its walls, but the Reformed were soon absorbed and discontinued their services in 1846. Communion services were held here by Pastor John M. Steck in 1816, 1818, and 1819, at which the following persons communed: Abel, George and wife Hohenschild, Susanna Meyer, Katharina Bachtell, Katharina Hohenschild, Anna Maria Pfeifer, Michael Bennett, Barbara Klein, Barbara Pfeifer, Mrs. Michael Bender, Martin Koder, Conrad and wife Pfeifer, Margaretha Frick, Magdalena Koder, Philip and wife Saxman, Sara Frick, Maria Koder, Martin and wife Schmidt, Eva Grimm, George and wife Koder, Jacob and wife Schowalter, Katharina Hebler, Daniel Koder, Katharina Toms, Joseph Hebler, Mrs. Daniel Koder, Elizabetha Waltz, Elizabetha Heid, Maria Kreis, Johannes and wife Waltz, Katharina Heim, Anna Maria Kreis, Anna Maria Wagner, Barnabas and wife Heltebrand, Christina Lyons, Daniel and wite Werner, Solomon Herr, Heinrich and wife Miller, Jacob and wife Werner, Michael Hartmann, Dorothea Meyer, Juliana Yehl, Christina The first recorded catechetical class was confirmed by Pastor John M. Steck, July 4, 1819, but this record is found HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 665 only in the Greensburg Church Book. ‘The communion serv- ices of Pastor Jonas Mechling date from October 28, 1821, when 14 communed, to April 23, 1842, when 65 received the sacrament. All services by Pastors Steck and Mechling were held in German about once a month. The next pastor was Rev. G. S. Hussy, 1842-1843, during whose pastorate the rise of Universalism in this community began. An entry in the Church Record, April 6, 1850, refers to two libertines, who “injured the cause of Christ here, the evil of which will take time and grace to remedy”. Pastor Hussy however deserves the credit of securing the adoption of the first English con- stitution of “Hoffman’s Evangelical Lutheran Church”, April 1, 1843. After Rev. C. A. T. Selle of West Newton had served the church for a short time, 1843-1844, Rev. Michael J. Steck took charge and served from September 29, 1845, to Decem- Domieetot/ el bee pastorate Oletheview of wemery extended from Wecempber 1; 1847,)to April: 1, 1858:) “Uhey next’ three Pacters were hev es bh. Lawson, Wey), Ee-renta cand, kev. Piet oeimckers Wurimoethe pastorate ol the last named,..a new lot was bought for $50, on which a new brick church was built at a cost of $1,750. The corner stone was laid by Pastor Lemcke in the summer of 1866, and the church dedicated by the same pastor, October 16, 1866. When a new parish was formed of West Newton and Connellsville in 1872, Hoffman’s was connected with Seanor’s and served by Rev. Jacob Singer, 1873-1876, and Rev. J. S. Fink, 1877-1881. After a pastorate of Rev. 5S. K. Herbster of West Newton, 1882-1891, Rev. J. H. Kline was commissioned by the synod to do mis- sionary work in the coke region, and gave his chief attention to Scottdale and Hoffman’s, 1891-1895. This pastor persuaded the congregation to buy and pay for a lot in Smithton, but services were continued in Hoffman’s for the reason that the old place of worship was as dear to them as it had been to |. their fathers. A Sunday School was conducted in rented halls in Smithton with varied success, but no church organization copld be effected. Pastor J. C. F. Rupp of Scottdale served the congregation, 1895-1899, and then surrendered the field to Rev. W. F. Ulery. Pastor Ulery followed the policy of Pastor Kline, endeavoring to persuade the members of Hoff- man’s to reorganize in Smithton, but the best he could do was to organize “St. Stephens’s Evangelical Lutheran -Church” with 12 members, March 24, 1902. When the leading families of Hoffman’s Church refused to attend or encourage it, it died a tiatural death in a short time. Rev. B. F. Hankey of Scottdale was the pastor, 1903-1905, who made a confirmation class of 20 young people the nucleus of “Memorial Evangel- ical Lutheran Church of Smithton”, organized with 32 mem- 666 His lORY.OR LAESPLTSBURGHESYNOD bers, January 1, 1904. The successors of Pastor Hankey preached at both Hoffman's and Smithton. Rev. John Shunk was the first resident pastor of Smithton, but made the mis- take of allowing the people to sell their church lot to pay current expenses. For a long period the church was depen- dent on supply pastors, and during that time the members of Hoffman’s gradually transferred their allegiance to Memorial, so that the last service was held in the former church in 1917. In spite of this fact there was never any legal disbandment of the country congregation, and title to the property was not se- cured by the Pittsburgh Synod until 1925. The burial ground is controlled by the “Hoffman’s Cemetery Company”, incorporated in 1889. On April 10, 1921, the large brick church of the Free Methodists was bought for $3,000. About $12,000 was needed to put this church in good condition; and it was dedicated as Hope Memorial Church by Doctor EF. B. Burgess, August 3, 1924. Stu- dent Adam Simon was in charge of the church at the time, rendering a service that greatly endeared him to the hearts of the people. The following pastors have served here: Rev. Johannes Stauch and Rev. John M. Steck, 1794-1820; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1821-1842; Rev. G. S. Hussy, 1842-1843; Rev. C. A. T. Selle, 1843-1844; Rev. M. J. Steck, 1845-1847; Rev. W. S. Emery, 1847- 1858; Rev. Simons, 1858-1859; Rev. S. B. Lawson, 1859-1865; Rev. J. BP» Hentz, 1865-1866; Rey:.H. J) Hiigemcke, 1866sta72e Rev. A..G:-Wilson, 1873 ; Rev: Jacob Singer, 18/3418763 Reva S. Fink, 1877-1881; Rev. S. K. Herbster, 1882-1891; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1891-1895; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1895-1899; Rev. E. L. Reed, 1899; Rev. William F. Ulery, 1899-1903; Rev. B. F. Hankey, 1903-1905; Rev.-B He stough, 1905 sRevai) sAs Bourg 1906-1907; Rev. John Shunk, 1907-1909; Rev. A. H. Bartholo- mew, 1909-1910; Rev. J. A. Boord (second term), 1910-1915; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1917-1923; Student Adam Simon (supply), 1923-. ob JAMES EVANGEDICAT,: VUE RANG GHW R Gia YOUNGSTOWN» PA This is one of the oldest boroughs of the county, and was named after Alexander Young. Many of the first settlers were Scotch-Irish, and the .Unity Presbyterian Church was founded in 1774. Since it was located along the line of the old Forbes military road, it attracted a number of German pioneers, some of whom settled at a very early period. For a number of years the more pious families attended church in Greensburg, but a local provisional organization was effected HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 667 in 1800, when Pastor John M. Steck made it one of his regular appointments. ‘Tradition says that the first services were held in a log school house and in the homes of Daniel and Henry Kuhns. Early in 1815 the people decided to build a union church in company with the Reformed, and this was done under an agreement signed by representatives of both denominations, January 14, 1815. AGREEMENT “We, the members of the Evangelical Lutheran and Reformed con- gregations of Youngstown, Pennsylvania, agree to build a union church to the giory of God, and for the congregation of his word; and it shall be built and governed by the following rules and regulations: 1. Both congregations shall have equal rights in the church. Each shall hold services at their time without interference of the other. 2. The money now in the treasury, and the fruits and gifts donated, shall be applied to the erection of the church, and shall not be used for any other purpose. 3. All money collected as offerings in the church shall remain in the common treasury for necessary expenses. 4. No minister shall be allowed to preach in the church unless he comes properly recommended. 5. Should the officers of the congregation decide to build a parochial school house on the church lot, they shall not be hindered. 6.. Both congregations shall strive to keep peace in the church; and if any one disturbs the peace, and refuses after proper warning to be reconciled and live in harmony with his brethren, he shall be ex- cluded from the congregation.” DANTE IS KUT NOs OlUN I BRINDEE, SWILLIAM HUGUS 4“This historic document of 1815 is evidence that both the Lutheran and Reformed congregations existed and were permanently organized before this time. The church was completed and dedicated in the autumn of 1815, Pastors Steck and Weber conducting the dedicatory services. It was 30x40 feet in size, built of hewn logs after the style of churches of that day, plainly finished and simple and primitive in all of its appointments. It stood more than fifty years, and served two generations as a place of worship.” The first communion service held in this log church, of which we have any record, was conducted by Rev. John M. Steck, November 16, 1817, and was attended by the following persons: Mr. and Mrs. Heinrich Kunz Martin Suess Christian Saxmann Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Kunz Wendell Geiger Catharina Saxmann Christina Kunz Margaretha Bruethern Sophina, Saxmann Margaretha Kerns Eva Schmidt Susanna Scheury These first communion services are recorded in the Greensburg Church Book in the handwriting of Pastor John 14—History of the Southern Conference, Rev. W. F. Ulery, p. 188. 668 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD M. Steck. In the same church book is found the record of the first confirmation service, June 27, 1819, when nineteen persons, ranging in age from 15 to 32, were. confirmed. The older members of this class were in the majority, showing that these families had not been in closest touch with the means of grace up to this time. Rev. John M. Steck con- tinued to serve the church until 1829, when failing health compelled him to surrender it to the care of Rev. Jonas Mech- ling. ‘This faithful pastor, with a field as large as that of his predecessor, served the congregation from 1829 to 1858, preaching about once a month and building up a membership of more than one hundred. He was more judicious in hand- ling the language question than the Reformed pastor, Rev. Voigt, and the result was that many Reformed children were confirmed in the Lutheran faith. The next three pastors were Rev [f O; PaBakerwReveG ww eBusby,andikevsGawVesecus ling. Rev. Mechling served as the associate pastor of Rev. Busby, ministering particularly to the older members of the congregation who still desired German services. In 1868 the union between the Lutherans and the Reformed was dis- solved, the log church abandoned, and the lot on which it stood made part of the cemetery. The Lutherans then bought a lot near the old log church, and erected a substantial brick building, which was dedicated by Pastor Busby in the fall of 1868. This church cost about $6,000. The next two pastors were Rev. Amos Poorman and Rev. W. A. Weisman, during whose pastorates the questions of language, secret societies and pulpit fellowship caused sharp division of sentiment and threatened rupture. This danger was averted under the wise leadership of Rev. H. L. McMurray, who served the church as part of Ligonier Parish from. 1877 to 1882. Hus successor was Rev. J. L. Smith, by whom the congregation was led into the Pittsburgh Synod. From 1892 to 1902 the church was served by -Revs. I. -K:, Wismer, as ¢a. part/of” Latrobe Pariaos Since November 1, 1902, the church has supported a pastor of its own, even though many of the older members were fear- ful of the venture at the beginning. The problem of self- support was made ‘easier to solve by: Mrs. Caroline Fritz Johnston, who donated her commodious home for a parson- age, June 6, 1903. One of the conditions of this gift was that the property should never be used for anything else than a parsonage, but this objectionable restriction was removed, October 11, 1909, when Mrs. Johnston, at the suggestion of Rev. I. M. Wallace, conveyed the property to the church in fee simple. Previous to that time she also deeded to the church an adjoining fruit lot and right of way to a valuable spring for a consideration of $50. ‘Rev. Wallace also rendered HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 669 great service to the congregation in urging the necessity of building a new church. his was not done during his pastor- ate; but, soon after the installation of his successor, the mem- bers of the congregation took hold of the work and remod- elled the old church at a cost of $5,383. The church was re- dedicated by Pastor F. A. Weicksel, December 15, 1912, Doc- tor William J. Miller preaching the dedicatory sermon. When all bills for this work were paid, a surplus of several hundred dollars was reported; and this was used in making needed im- provements to the parsonage. Under the leadership of Rev. W. E. Bauer the congregation continued to develop, not only in the grace of giving but also in those churchly graces which delight the heart of an Evangelical Lutheran pastor. Services are held regularly every Sunday, and the pastor also supplies the Bethel Church over the ridge. The Sunday School was organized at the time of the building of the first church, and now has an enrollment of 125. The present membership of the church is 295. The following is a list of pastorates: Rev. John M. Steck, 1800-1829; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1829-1858; Rev. I. O. P. Baker, 1859-1862; Rev. G. W. Busby, 1863-1869 ; Rev. G. W. Mechling (associate), 1863-1865; Rev. Amos Poor- man, 1869-1871; Rev. W. A. Weisman, 1871-1876; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1877-1882; Rev. J. L. Smith, D.D., 1882-1892; Rev. I. K. Wismer, 1892-1902; Rev. G. W. Spiggle, 1902-1909; Rev. I. M. Wallace, 1909-1910; Rev. F. A. Weicksel, 1911-1915; Reve Wik Bauer, 1910-1923; Rev. Henry Voegtley, 1923-. Sl JAMES EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BELL TOWNSHIP, WESTMORELAND CO., PA. The oldest. German settlements of northern Westmore- land were made in Allegheny and Bell townships. The Luth- eran sentiment of the first crystallized in the organization of the Klingensmith Church, a few miles south of Leechburg; it manifested itself in the second in the organization of the St. James Church near Perrysville. Among the oldest fami- lies of the St. James settlement were the Hines, Rumbaughs, Smeltzers, Yockeys, Clawsons, Bowmans, Kuhns, Pauls, Rughs, Hiltys, Whitesels, Wiesters, Householders, and Longs. The first three families lived on lands bordering the Kiskiminetas River; and Simon Hine, Sr., made an effort to establish a church on his land early in the nineteenth century. !?When this effort failed, the ground on which St. James Church now stands was donated by Christian Yockey. For this reason the church was familiarly called “Yockeys” for more than a cen- 15—History of Avonmore Church, page 705. 670 HISTORY OF THH PITESBORGH SYNOD tury. Y It is*mtch to vbe resretted=that all thelearly teconus os this congregation were lost or destroyed, so that much re- lating to its history is shrouded in doubt. Upon the ground donated by Christian Yockey, a log church was built sometime before the year 1808, which was used by both Lutherans and Reformed, according to the custom of that day. 16The first church was of moderate size, and was built after the pattern of Harold’s Church, a two-story with gal- lery and high wine glass pulpit, with an old fashioned sound- ing board above the pulpit. One of the fathers of St. James Church, Mr. John Smeltzer, who has a distinct recollection of the old log church and all its appointments, has given us a minute description of it. It was built like all the others we have described, of hewn logs, with logs for the seats at the first, as well as split logs for the floor, but later some im- provements were made. This church was built a few years after the other attempt which failed (perhaps three or four years), quite likely between 1803 and 1806. We know it was built before 1808. It was used for one generation at least. It stood about 33 years, when it was replaced by a new brick church. The ground on which it stands was not conveyed until 1815, and the same year that the union constitution for the mutual regulation of the two congregations was adopted, which has been the organic law of St. James Church ever since. The present church was begun in 1837, and was com- pleted in 1838. Jacob Smeltzer, John Ringle, and John White- sel were the building committee, who let the contract for the building of the church to Matthew Cullen and John Paul, April 9, 1838, for the sum of $2,200. It was finished before the end of the year and dedicated to the worship of God, as soon as it was completed, by the two pastors, Rev. M. J. Steck and Rev. William Weinel. This new brick church is a plain one- story building, 50x60 feet in size, very different in its plan and architecture from most of the churches built in those early times. It had no gallery and therefore needed no high wine glass pulpit. The fathers of our church in Bell Township worshipped in the old log church. Father John M. Steck preached in it during all the years of his ministry, and Rev. Michael J. Steck spent nearly ten years of his pastorate here. The people of Bell Township were not as progressive as some others, and perhaps not as well to do. It took a long time to develop the land and bring the people up to a point where they felt the need of better church accommodations. As long as the fathers lived in very plain houses, many even in rude log cabins, they could not be expected to give much attention to 16—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 178. HIS TORN OFTHE PULTSBURGH SYNOD 671 the architecture and finish of their churches. But one of the principal reasons why the church work and church building progressed so slowly was because the people had too little service and pastoral care. This St. James Church was only a mission station during the pastorate of Father John M. Steck, and the same was true in a great measure of Rev. Michael J. Steck. He had at least eight churches and preaching stations, and the communicant membership of his parish was at one time about 1,400. St. James was one of his distant points. He could hold only one service a month in his largest and best congregation, and some of his outside stations were not reached oftener than once in two or three months; hence it is easy to see that there could not be rapid growth. There was a great lack of ministers in our church at that time. Poor as the people were, they could have supported twice as many ministers just as well as the number they did support, and, with proper care and management, they could have done it better.” InmecDiLemorthisnineacecr=sclvice, theresmwas amlutheran congregation of 200 members worshipping in St. James Church at the time of the organization of the Pittsburgh synod. Some of these people, however, came many miles to hear the word ot God, receive the sacrament, or lay away their dead in the adjoining cemetery. All the Lutherans of the Maysville district at one time attended services here, as the old grave stones attest, and three entire congregations, Fennelton, Saltsburg, and Avonmore, were organized out of her members. Many others removed to Vandergrift, Leech- burg, and Apollo, and entered Lutheran congregations in those places; so ‘that 1f the present membership of St. James is Dreatyerdcepictcd thet carts Ramereasom. = Duringuithe years in which St. James was served by the Stecks, it was a part of Greensburg Parish. In 1847, it was surrendered to the care of Rev. John Rugan, who served it in connection with the newly organized Zion Church of Greensburg. His ministry, however, was confined to the English language, and this was by no means satisfactory to the older members. Yet during his pastorate St. James reached the high water mark of her prosperity and reported a membership of 300. During the latter part of his pastorate the church was connected with Maysville and Springs. From 1853 to 1876 it was connected with Delmont Parish, since which time, with the exception of a few years, it has been a part of Saltsburg Parish. During the period of the rupture, there was considerable difference of opinion among the members of the congregation as to their proper synodical relations, but this question was finally de- 672 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD cided by remaining in the Pittsburgh Synod, in connection with the General Council. The following pastors have served the congregation: Rev. John M. Steck, 1806-1826; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1827-1829; Rev. Michael J. Steck, 1829-1847; Rev. John Rugan, 1847-1850; Rev. J. N. Burket, 1851-1853; Rev. C. H. Hersh, 1853-1856; Rev. Aaron. Yetter, 1856-1866; Rev. J. D. English, 1866-1868; Rev. V. B. Christy, 1868-1876; Rev. John Y. Marks, 1876-1879; Rev. R. M. Zimmerman, 1879- 1884; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1884-1887; Rev. W. G. D. Hudson, 1888-1896; Rev. A. M. Strauss, 1896-1901; Supplies, 1901-1905 ; Rev. Go LL. Baker> 19052 Rev... ©: Pearch #19051 906 sa Charles D. Miller, 1907-1909; Rev. C. E. Schweikert, 1912- 1914; Rev. F. W. Ash, 1914-1919; Rev. A. W. Trumpeter, 1919-1923. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BOUQUET, PA. The town in which the present St. John’s Church is lo- cated was named in honor of the intrepid British officer, Colonel Henry Bouquet, who inflicted a decisive defeat upon the red warriors of Pontiac at Bushy Run, August 5-6, 1763. One of his trusted scouts was Andrew Byerly, a Pennsylvania German, who settled in the community in 1759. This was nine years in advance of the formal purchase of the land from its rightful owners; and he consequently had many narrow escapes from the angry Indians. Between the year 1769 and the out- break of the Revolutionary War, many other Pennsylvania Germans settled in this vicinity, among whom were the Ber- lins, Brinkers, Hufnagels, Lauffers, Finks, Keppels, Kemerers, Snyders, Knappenbergers, Neighleys, and Eberhardts. Almost without exception, these people belonged to either the Re- formed or Lutheran Church; and their descendants are found in many of the Lutheran congregations of western Pennsyl- vania. For the most part they came from Northampton, York, and Cumberland counties in eastern Pennsylvania; al- though it 1s probable that they were not long in America be- fore they found permanent homes in the Manor. This entire district owes its name to the original, proprietariesof ‘the state. It was a reservation of the Penns, known as Den- mark Manor, and contained 4,861 acres of Penn Township lands. At the time of the Revolution, title to all this land was taken over by the state. For forty years after the opening of the settlement, all these Germans attended at Harold’s or Brush Creek. They built a log school house, in which they supported a German schoolmaster until an efficient public HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 673 school system was devised. In this school house, occasional services were held by neighboring pastors; but the people considered it no hardship to travel to Brush Creek in order to attend divine service. So no one thought of erecting a church in the Manor. '’A local organization of some kind may have been effected in 1808, although no official record of it was ever made. Such an organization would naturally be quite informal. Two treasurers would be appointed by a few representative men, one to act for the Reformed and another for the Lutherans. Then an article of agreement would be written, defining the rights of both parties in the church property; and, when this agreement was signed by men of both sides, the organization would be considered complete. Years later a constitution would be adopted, but it is not just to say that the date of adopting the constitution is the true date of organization. The congregation functioned harmoni- ously long before they had a constitution. The first step to- ward building a church in the Manor was made in December of 1809, when Paul Neighley, Adam Kemerer, and Christian Eberhardt were appointed as the building committee. Jacob Brinker was treasurer for the Reformed, and Michael Fink for the Lutherans. Instead of building a log church accord- ing to the custom of that day, they determined to build of brick; but this meant greater expense and time. At first they thought they could raise the money by the use of a lottery, but the state effectively vetoed that proposition. This rebuff probably accounts for the fact that building operations were not begun until May 15, 1811. 18T’he committee furnished all materials and also board- ing for the workmen. The corner stone was laid with appro- priate services, June 3, by the pastors, Revs. J. M. Steck and J. W. Weber. The offerings on this occasion were $99.08. Jacob Dry was the contractor for the carpenter work as well as painting, for which he was paid $600. All materials were furnished him by the committee, as well as a dwelling house during the time that he was engaged in the work. His work was begun, May 12, 1814, and was fully completed, June 7, 1815, when the church was solemnly set apart to the worship of God. The services on this occasion were conducted by the two pastors, Revs. Steck and Weber. The church grounds had been owned by Conrad Knappenberger and Jacob Brinker, from whom two acres were purchased as a site for the church and burying ground, and, later, more ground was secured from Paul Brinker and Joseph Lauffer. This now constitutes the Union Manor cemetery.” 17—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 73 18—History of Southern Conference, W. F. Ulery, page 109. 674 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH Sy NOD The first pastor was Rev. John M. Steck, who served until death, July 14, 1830; the second pastor was Rev. Michael J. Steck, who served until death, September 1, 1848; the third pastor was Jonas Mechling, who likewise served until death, April 2, 1868. During all-these years, the services were con- ducted almost entirely in German. After the death of Pastor Mechling his immense field was divided, and Manor and Brush Creek were constituted a parish. This congregation was then served by the following pastors: Rev. J. S. Fink, 1868-1874; Rev. J. A. Scheffer, 1875-1876; Rev. Enoch Smith, 1876-1877; Rev. W. F. Ulery, 1877-1878; Rev. V. B. Christy, 1879-1880; Rev. J. D. Roth, 1880-1882; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1882- 1886; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1886-1891. During the latter part of this period, the congregation was connected with Delmont Parish. When Rev. C. L. Holloway became pastor he found the Lutherans and Reformed worshipping together in the old Manor Church of 1815. The people, however, were ready for a friendly separation; and the proposition of the Reformed to pay the Lutherans $1,000 for their interest in the property was accepted. The congregation now divided on the question of a new location. !?One party wanted to build near the old site; another proposed to relocate in the town of Bouquet, about a mile distant. The matter was appealed to the Con- ference, which decided in) favor’ of the Bouquet sites) AMior was then purchased from John Keppel, and a substantial frame church was erected at a cost of $5,253. This church was dedicated as “St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church”, January 20, 1889, when Pastor Holloway was assisted by Doc- tor: }/ ©. Kunzmann,sRev7 AD] Rottswand | hey eG@hdylecm Seaman. In the meantime the dissatisfied party, who wished to rebuild near the old site, appealed to a General Synod pastor, Rev. Jacob H. Wright, who reorganized them into a congregation of ninety members. This congregation at once secured a charter from the court of Westmoreland County, under the name, style and title of “The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Denmark Manor”; and also a decision from the same court, instructing the Reformed Church to give them the $1,000 separation money. From 1888 to 1899 they were served by Pastor Wright as an independent church. From 1900. to 1912 the congregation belonged to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, and was served by the following pastors: Rev. H. C. Michael, 1900-1904; Rev. W. L. Heuser, 1904-1905; Rev. George O. Ritter, 1906-1917. The congrega- tion, unable to make satisfactory headway, disposed of its property and disbanded, September 18, 1912. At the time of 19—Reminiscences of Rev. J. H. Wright in Historical Collections of the Pittsburgh Synod, Gettysburg Seminary. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 675 the disbandment, there were 31 members in the congregation, who were counselled to unite with St. Mark’s of Jeannette. At the time of the division of 1888, St. John’s had a member- ship of 140; and it has remained about the same ever since. There have been many accessions, but these have been equal- ized by deaths and removals. Since the resignation of Pas- tor Holloway, it has generally been connected with Harrison City, and has had the following pastors: Rev. Robert M. Zim- merman, 1891-1893; Rev. George J. Diener, 1894-1901; Rev. L. O. Pearch, 1901-1905; Rev. John Shunk, 1905-1907; Rev. EK. H. Daugherty, 1907-1909; Rev. Robert M. Zimmerman (second term), 1910-1915; Rev. J. A. Frischkorn, 1916-1918; Rey. Nathanael Scheffer, 1919-1920; Rev. .G. L. Courtney, 1921-1922; Rev. W. F. Bauer, 1923-. . Sie KVANGELICALS LU LHR RAN CHURCH HEMPEIELD TOWNSHIP, WESTMORELAND CO.; PA. This church is located on the southern edge of the Ger- man settlement of Hempfield Township. Many families of this great settlement located in the vicinity of Harold’s in the spring of 1769; and less than ten years later men of the same stock were clearing the land in the neighborhood of Seanor’s. It is known that they were here in 1780; and some of them may have been here even earlier. Among these pioneers we find the following family names: Kopf, Zehner, Steiner, Mueller, Weibel, Hantz, Hartzell, Sil, Truxel, Ehret, Shu- maker, Waltz, Mattis, Beck, and Steiner. The spelling of these names differs in the same church records, especially about the time of the change from German to English. Some of these names’ are found in the older records of Harold’s and Greensburg, showing that the people were communing members of those churches. Like the people of Denmark Manor on the northern fringe of the settlement, they built a log school house for the convenience of their, children; but were satis- fied to walk five miles to attend church. Tradition tells how German mothers of this settlement would walk all the way to the Harold’s Church, with little children in their arms, in order not to miss the sacrament of the altar. Neither in sum- mer nor winter was it considered too far. When they built their first log church at Seanor’s is not clear; but it is certain that 16 was in use in 1812: and this-meéeans-that there. must have been some kind of an organization there at that time 20“'Tradition tells us that Henry Snyder donated a lot as a site for a church, also a half-acre of ground to be used as a 20—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 169. 676 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD grave yard; but there is a court house record and a deed, stating that Henry Snyder conveyed to Michael Mathias, William Shumaker, and Solomon Wagner, trustees of St. Paul’s Church, a certain plot of ground containing one acre and thirty-seven perches, for a certain consideration, to be used as a burial ground. We think both statements are cor- rect—Henry Snyder donated a lot of ground as a site, and a church was built on it. Later, more ground was purchased for the enlargement of the grave yard, for which a deed was executed’ to said’ trustees. In the survey*ot this” purchase reference is made to the meeting house, as the church 1s called, which is evidence that the church was in existence before the pur- chase was made. In 1863 another addition was made to the grave yard. Two acres and five perches were purchased from Jacob Funk for the consideration of $76. There have been three churches built by the St. Paul’s congregation, including the present church. The first was a log church, built like the other log churches to which reference has been made. It was built of hewn logs, and was a two-story church with high pul- pit and gallery, but primitive in all its appointments. It had a better floor and better seats than the first log churches; otherwise it was just like them. It stood, however, much longer than most of the log churches in this country, except the ones at Hill’s and Youngstown. It was replaced by a new church in 1837, which was a plain brick building, about 35x50 feet in size, costing perhaps about $2,000. It was completed and dedicated in the latter part of 1837”. The third church was built in 1875 during the pastorate of Rev. Jacob Singer. The corner stone of this church was laid, June 12, 1875, and the dedication took place, October 10, 1875. This is a good brick church, 38-58, Corinthian in style, and cost $4,000. Leonard Beck, Jacob Snyder, and John Long were the Lutheran members of the building committee; and Jacob Sell, John Kintig, and Harrison Painter served the Re- formed.. During the first eighteen years the congregation made little progress. Rev. John M. Steck recorded 31 com- municants at the beginning, and the same number at the close of his pastorate. Rev. Michael J. Steck was more successful than his father, and succeeded in building up a congregation of 132 members during the eighteen years of his pastorate. During the time of the Stecks the congregation was a part of Greensburg Parish; from 1848 to 1872 it was connected with West Newton and Hoffman’s; from 1872 to 1877 it formed a parish with Hoffman’s; from 1877 to 1881 it was served by the Brush Creek pastor; from 1882 to 1885 it was an independent parish; from 1885 to 1887 it was served again by the pastor HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 677 of Brush Creek; since 1887 it has been a part of Harold- Seanor Parish. On January 1, 1881, a new constitution was adopted; and a charter was then obtained, September 12,.1881. The following pastors served St. Paul’s: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1812-1830; Rev. M. J. Steck, 1830-1848; Rev. W. S. Emery, 1848-1858; Rev. W. F. Ulery (supply), 1858; Rev. S. B. Law- son, 1859-1865; Rev. J. P. Hentz, 1865- 1866; Rev. H. oe ED Lemcke, 1866-1872: Rev. Jacob Singer, 1873-1876; Rev. A. G. Wilson, 1876-1877; Reward sin" Fink, 1877-1881; Rev. George Gaumer, 1882-1884; Rev. C. H. Hemsath, 1885-1887: Rev. W. H. Zuber, 1887-1894; Rev. W. F. Ulery (supply), 1894-1895 ; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, D.D., 1895-1903; Rev. J. O. Glenn, 1904- 1911: Rev. E. H. Kohn, 1911-1913: Rev. Isaac K. Wi ismer, 1913-1922; Rev. F. L. Will, 1923-1925. BMANUEL’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH (Bro led hg deg When the land office of the state was opened for the dis- position of the newly acquired lands, April 3, 1769, there were German pioneers ready to take out warrants for land in what is now known as Franklin Township. Within the next ten years, a number of others were ready to follow. Robert Hays settled here in 1769; one of the Berlins in 1774; and Michael Rugh in 1775. Among the other early pioneers we find the names: Hill, Henke, Schneider, Drum, Starck, Kleyn, Kuhn, Hobaugh, Rubrecht, Long, Remaley, Lauffer, and Haymaker. Nearly all these names are found in the records of Hempfield and Allegheny Township settlements, indicating a closer re- lationship between them than is usually recognized. Because of its exposed position in the northern portion of Westmore- land, this settlement suffered more at the hands of Indian marauders than those in the central part. 71“Robert Hayes and his son were taken captive by the Indians and held for three years. In 1778 Michael Rugh and his family were also carried away. They were first carried to Venango, later to Canada, and were held in captivity three yeats,)Aiter their release they weresent to New York, and from there returned home. Jacob Berlin came to this section of country in 1794, when troops were sent into Westmoreland County to put down the Whiskey Insurrection. He came first on a visit to his uncle, who had settled here many years be- fore, was pleased with the county and settled here soon after- wards. He is the grandancestor of the well known Berlin 21—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 194. 678 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD family in this county. Whilst this was a good settlement, yet no church was organized for a number of years. One reason was because the people were widely scattered; many how- ever attended services at other places, some at Manor Church, others at Beamer’s and Hankey’s. Services were also held for years in private houses and school houses. There was a pro- visional organization for some time before a permanent one was effected. Emanuel’s Church was organized in 1820, after which more frequent services were held. For several years services were held in the old log building, which had been used as a block house: This old log house was a landmark in this community, as it had served the fathers as a fort and also as a place of worship”. The majority of the German pioneers in this community were members of the Reformed Church, and that denomina- tion retains this advantage. The first effort to securera church was made in 1828, when Philip Drum and Peter Hill donated the ground for a church and cemetery. All labor and materials were donated by the members, so that it was fin- ished and furnished without debt. When this building became too small in 1848, an addition of fourteen feet was made to the end, and the entire building weatherboarded and put in good repair. About eleven years later it was decided to build a brick church; and a contract was let to John W. Kuhns, September 12, 1856, for $2,000. ‘This church was dedicated by Pastors Jonas Mechling and Nicholas P..Hacke on Easter Sunday, 1858. For the first twenty-three years this church was connected with Greensburg Parish; from 1843 to 1847 it was connected with the old Klingensmith Church under the care! of Paston- jacob" Zimmerinan. | Aiters thesdeathworsh cw Jonas Mechling in 1868, and during the pastorate of Rev. J. S. Fink, frequent English services were introduced and the congregation was received into the Pittsburgh Synod. In 1868 the parish was reduced to three churches; and in more recent years has been restricted to Emanuel and Salem. 22 By an article of agreement, dated September 22, 1883, the dispute between the Lutheran and Reformed congrega- tions of Hill’s Church was adjusted, and the Lutherans sold their interest to the Reformed people and removed to Export. A lot was secured from Mr. John Duff, alongside of the old log church known as “The Tent’. It may be interesting to know why this old historic place was called ‘The Tent’. Grandmother Holloway, of blessed memory, used to tell that, long before the church was built, a tent was erected in which 22—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 198. HISTORY OF THE. PITTSBURGH SYNOD 679 services were held, and that she often worshipped there. Hence the place, as well as the log church, was called “The Déent<:: The corner stone of the church, erected on the new site, was laid by Rev. J. W. Myers in 1884; and the completed church was dedicated, October 30, 1884. Doctor Edmund Bel- four and Rev. D. M. Kemerer assisted the pastor on this oc- casion. A new constitution was adopted, April 11, 1885, at which time the congregation numbered about 30 members. One of the most successful and encouraging pastorates in the history of this church was that of Rev. Ludwig Beisecker. Under his ministry there were large accessions to the mem- bership, and many needed improvements were made to the property. The following is a complete list of pastors: Rev. John M. Steck, 1820-1830; Rev. M. J. Steck, 1830-1843; Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1843-1847; Rev. Daniel Maier, 1847-1849; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1851-1868; Rev. J. S. Fink, 1868-1874; Rev. J. A. Scheffer, 1875-1876; Rev. J. A. Bauman, 1876-1877 ; Reveal mocheomitilo7/7- kev, Webs Ulery, 1377-1878" (Revi Nem GIStye | O/O715/ meV: Potts, .15/9718383 then J. W. Myers, 1883-1886; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1886-1891; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1891-1897; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1897-1902 ; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1902-1907; Rev. C. E. Dozer, 1908-1912; Neve Gmh eo picclemioi2 1921s Revinlia Reed shepter? 1922- TOD See Reva aGe. onydern 1925— CHRIST S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SAR DIS: BA: The “Hankey” settlement, as this community was called in early days, was one of the older German settlements of northern Westmoreland. As early as 1784 a number of Re- formed and Lutheran families had settled here, in whose homes Pastor John M. Steck preached and administered the sacrament about once a year. The devoted people were will- ing to send their children all the way to Brush Creek for cate- chetical instruction, and this sound teaching saved the life of the organization. The number of confirmed members gradu- ally increased until 1815, when a move was made to erect a church. The families were so widely scattered, however, that it was hard to agree on a location. Daniel Hankey and Mr. Beemer each offered a site, and the outcome was the erection of a log church at both places. The dedication of these two Ghurchessoccurnred about the year, iol/7; + lhe records, seem to indicate that the first Lutheran communion in the Hankey Church was conducted by Pastor Steck, June 11, 1820, and © 680 HISTORY OF DH EePUCIS BURGAS yO some thought that this was the date of dedication. The deed was not executed until March 6, 1822, when the land, consist- ing of three acres, was conveyed to the “Trustees of the Ger- man Lutheran and German Presbyterian Churches”. The name Presbyterian was frequently applied to the Reformed. Pastor Jonas Mechling took charge of the congregation in 1820, administering the sacrament to twenty persons in No- vember of that year. At that time the Reformed had twice as many communing members as the Lutherans. This pas- torate continued until 1839, after which Pastor Jacob Hoelsche gave occasion supplies for about a year. From 1843 to 1849 Pastor Jacob Zimmerman preached for them once a month in German, but gave them only occasional serv- ices from 1849 to 1855. Only thirteen persons received the sacrament, December 4, 1853. Pastor C. H. Hersh supplied them from 1855 to 1856, and then Pastor L. M. Kuhns con- sented to take charge of the congregation. He found every- thing about the old log church in a dilapidated condition, but his English preaching was so attractive that he was able to effect a reorganization of the congregation, April 24, 1857. The first officers of the reorganized church were Michael Hankey, Daniel Long, Michael Best, and John L. Remaley. The development of the congregation was rapid, and the fol- lowing persons communed on October 26, 1857: Beacom, Susanna Best, Michael Best, Catherine Best, Martha Bolinger, Samuel Bolinger, Mary Bolinger, Sarah Bolinger, Catherine Briney, Susanna Dice, Enoch Dice, Christina Eyler, Daniel Davidson, Hannah Hankey, Michael Hankey, Jonas Hankey, G. W. Hankey, Michael, Jr. Hankey, John Hankey, Catherine Hankey, Anna M. Long, Philip Long, Daniel Long, Elizabeth (2) ong, Anna Ludwick, George Ludwick Jacob Ludwick, Lavinia Ludwick, Elizabeth McCully, John McCully, Lydia Means, Catherine Remaley, John Remaley, Jonathan Remaley, Joseph Remaley, Caroline Remaley, Elizabeth Remaley, Susanna . Ridenour, John Ridenour, Sarah Ridenour, Leah Ridenour, Evaline Smith, Elias Smith, Catherine Smith, Susanna Smith, George Smith, Simon J. Smith, Martha Stametz, Moses Stametz, Sarah Peterson, Hannah Walp, Andrew Pastor Kuhns was a tireless worker and deserved the suc- cess achieved. Compelled to endure not a little hardship in meeting his appointments, his devotion established him in the affections of the people, so that he was able to succeed where others had failed. After his resignation, April 1, 1859, a new parish was formed of Christ and Bethesda churches, with Tarentum as a mission point. This parish was served by Pas- tor A. C. Ehrenfeld, 1859-1861, during which the second church was built. This was also a union church, and was ded- icated by Rev. Samuel F. Breckenridge, October 16, 1866. A separation was effected from the Reformed, March 24, 1873, CERTIFICATE OF BAPTISM, HANKEY’S CHURCH 682 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD when the Lutherans paid them $300 to relinquish all claim to the property. With the help of Bethesda Church, a parson- age was built on the church ground at a cost of $2,700 in 1891. After a renovation at a cost of $1,250, the church was re- dedicated by Pastor J. E. Lerch, December 22, 1901. During the’ pastorate of Rev. H. H. Flick the chancel was remodelled and a memorial altar installed. In recent years the congre- gation has suffered heavy losses by reason of death and re- moval, but there is still a devoted body of people, ready to make their sacrifices to carry on the work. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. J. M. Steck, 1796-1820; Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1820-1839; Rev. Jacob Hoelsche, 1839- 1840; Rev. Jacob Zimmerman, 1843- [8554-Rev.Ge He tersix (supply), 1855-1856; Rev. L. M. Kuhns, 1856-1859 ; Revere @ Ehrenfeld, 1859-1861; Rev. P. G. Bell, 1862-1864; Rev. D. M. Kemerer (supply), 1864-1865; Rev. S. F. Breckenridge, 1865- 1869; Rev. Michael Colver, 1869-1876; Rev. O. F. Harshman, 1876- 1879: Rev. D. R.iPY Barry, 1880-1881 Reva Gee hart, 1881-1886; Rev. J. K. Hilty, 1886- 1890 ; Rev. Carl Zinss- meister, 1890- 1892: Rev. Alexander Maclaughlin, 1892-1897 ; Rev. C. RE, Smith, 1897-18098 ; Rev. J: H.-Verch}, 1899-1903 Irene J. Me Stover, 1904-1909 | Reve Has licks 31910219 17 einer Oscar Woods, 1917-1921; Rev. H. E. Seel, 1922-1924; Rev. Paul J. Tau, 1924-. CELRIS EVANGELICAL 21: Gal Eh, Ras ING Cid RG WiELS EIN HW RO) New beat Christ Church was organized by Pastor Jonas Mechling, January 1, 1830, with twenty-eight members. The services for a number of years were held in a public meeting building. 23Tn 1836, Christ Church and the members of the Sewickley Presbyterian congregation united in building a union church, in which the Lutherans owned a one-fourth interest. ‘This church was owned and used jointly by the Lutherans and Presbyterian for seventeen years. Owing to the fact that the services were nearly all in the German language, as well as to the fact that they were not held frequently, its growth was very slow. The vast extent of Rev. Mechling’s field made it possible to hold only one service a month and even that laid such a burden upon him that he resigned the charge, Novem- ber 20, 1847”. A letter written by Rev. M. J. Steck to Rev. Jacob Zim- merman in 1843, complains of the troubles in the “Robbstown” congregation, but there is no indication that he was ever the 23—History of the Southern Conference, Ulery, p.211. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 683 regular pastor. Pastor Mechling was succeeded by Pastor W.S. Emery, whose parish after the first year was restricted to Seanor’s, Hoffman’s, and West Newton. The union with the Presbyterians was dissolved in 1851, and a new church was built, which was dedicated by Pastor Emery November 30, 1851. Dedicatory sermons were preached in both German and English. This church was built of brick, 36x46, and cost about $1,200. The next pastor was Rev. Sam- uel B. Lawson, who served from April 1, 1859, to February 7, 1865, when his pastorate closed in death. Rev. J. P. Hentz took charge of the parish in the summer of 1865 and remained about one year. His successor was Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, 1866-1877, who preached alternately in German and English and was greatly beloved. Connellsville and West Newton were formed into a parish during his pastorate. Pastor Philip Doerr also served these two congregations, 1877-1881, after which the parish was divided. During the vacancy a parson- age was erected on ground adjoining the church at a cost of $1,900. The next regular pastor was Rev. Samuel K. Herb- ster, who served Christ and Hoffman churches from 1882 to 1891, building up a strong congregation of 175 members in West Newton. The next three pastors were Rev. A. P. Pflueger; 1891-1893, Rev. A.'H. Kinnard, 1893-1897, and. Rev. E. L. Reed, 1897-1907. During the last named pastorate a crucitorm church was built: of brick and stone, 68-80, at a cost of $10,000. The corner stone was laid, July 2, 1899, and the church dedicated, March 18, 1900. Pastor Reed’s suc- cessor was Pastor Jacob F. Scholl, who was installed, August 2, 1908. Under his leadership the church had a fine spiritual development, enrolling 538 confirmed members in 1925. A large parish house, 65x65, erected at a cost of $48,000, was dedicated Dye estoie choll; s|anuatyen! 74, 1926am.00 Lan -asarwescan learn from the incomplete records the pastors served in the following order: Rev. Jonas Mechling, 1830-1847; Rev. W. S. Emery, 1847-1858; Rev S. B. Lawson, 1859-1865; Rev. J. P. Hentz, 1865-1866; Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, 1866-1877; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1877-1881; Rev. G. A. Wenzel, D.D. (supply), 1881-1882; Rev. S. K. Herbster, 1882-1891; Rev. A. P. Pflueg- er, 1891-1893; Rev. A. H. Kinnard, 1893-1897; Rev. EF. L. Reed, 1897-1907; Rev. J. F. Scholl, 1908-. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH ADAMSBURG, PA. This congregation was the outgrowth of the language question in Brush Creek Church. During the first 66 years 684 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD services were conducted almost exclusively in German. After the death of Pastor Michael J. Steck, September 1, 1848, there was a strong element in Brush Creek Church, who favored the: election of thé? Reve "Henry Areeler™ believing ms that. would give them more English preaching, but the conserv- ative Germans elected Rev. Jonas Mechling with the under- standing that he should preach only in German. An effort was made by the Southern Conference to effect a reconcilia- tion between the two parties, but this was resented by both Pastor Mechling and the officers of Brush Creek Church. The English party held a meeting, July 14, 1849, but their paper of protest was equally ineffective. A second meeting was held in the Adamsburg school house, July 28, 1849, when “The Evangelical Lutheran Congregation of Trinity Church of the Borough and Vicinity of Adamsburg” was organized. The first officers were Jacob- Rev, Aaron Yetter, 1856-1866; Rev. J. D. English, 1866-1868; Rev. V. B. Christy, 1868-1876; Rev. J. A. Bauman, 1876-1877; Rev. A. D. Potts, 1877; Rev. J. D. Roth, 1878-1882; Rev. J. W. My- ers, 1882-1886; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1886-1891; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1891-1897; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1897-1902; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1902-1907; Rev. C. E. Dozer, 1908-1912; Rev. C) K. spigele, 1912-1921; Rev. H. R. Shepfer, 1922-1925; Rev. F. C. Snyder, 1925-. BEE SDA EVANGELICAI; LUTHERAN: CHURCH PURE Ue LOW NS bw ES UM ORETAN DaCOsaPA. On April 1, 1850, St. James Lutheran Church came under the pastoral care of Rev. David Earhart of Leechburg, by whom it was organized. The first officers were Isaac Huff, Francis Johnson, John Beninger, and Henry Ashbaugh. The little congregation of nineteen members secured a lot from Samuel Ross and built a frame church, which was dedicated by Pastor Earhart, under the name of Bethesda Evangelical Lutheran Church, November 1, 1852. On November 2, 1852, the congregation adopted articles of incorporation, and the petition for the charter was signed by Rev. David Earhart, Adam Williams, John Beninger, Conrad Hawk, and William Harris..; Pastor Harharteresisned, May 1, 1853; and his suc- cessor, Pastor John W. Cregelo, died in August, 1854, a few weeks after beginning his pastorate. From 1856 to 1859 Rev. L. M. Kuhns served them every two weeks in connection with Leechburg. After his resignation the church was connected with different parishes, but the present association of Christ Church with Bethesda was begun in 1881. During the pastor- Arelobn eveml ac. . bellaitnwac.decidedstowclogate the church. A site near Yetter’s school house was bought from William Ashbaugh, on which a frame church was built at a cost of $800. This cost was low, but much of the labor and material was donated. The new church was dedicated, June 25, 1864, 690 HISTORY OFSCHE Pip S bY RGE SS YG) when Rev. L. M. Kuhns preached the sermon. A new char- ter was secured in 1862. During the synodical controversy Bethesda was under the care of Pastor S. F. Breckenridge, who took an active part in the debates held in doubtful par- ishes. During the summer of 1920 the church was renovated ata cost ot, $1,735. /1t waserededicated Sbyap lL aston sOsccan Woods, October 10, 1920, when many of the sons and daugh- ters of Bethesda returned to do honor to their mother church. The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. David Earhart,21850-1853>> Rev. J. W. Cregelo, [85455 Reve Leys Kuhns, 1856-1859; Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld, 1859-1861; Rev. P. G. Bell, 1862-1864; Rev. S. F. Breckenridge, 1865-1869; Rev. Michael Colver, 1869-1871; Rev. F. T. Hoover, 1871-1877; Rev. D. RP. Batry, 1877-1881; Rev. M. G. Earhart, 1881-1886; Rev. J. K. Hilty,. 1886-1890; Rev. Carl Zinssmeister, 1890- 1892; Rev. Alexander MacLaughlin, 1892-1897; Rev C. E. Smith, 1897-1899; Rev. J. E. Lerch, 1899-1903; Rev. J. 7 E Stover, 1904-1909; Rev. H. H. Flick, 1910-1917; Rev. Oscar Woods, 1917-1921; Rev. H. E. Seel, 1922-1924; Rev. Paul ib Taue 1o24-: , FENNELTON EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH SALEM TOWNSHIP, WESTMORELAND: COUNTY? PA The movement that led to the founding of this church was begun by the Reformed. Since many Reformed families lived in the vicinity, they asked the Rev. R. P. Thomas to preach for them in Concord school house during the winter of 1858. Their original plan was to organize an exclusively Reformed Church, but they eventually found it more feasible to build a union church in company with the Lutherans. Ground was secured from David Shields, and the land was deeded to the Reformed and Lutheran congregations. The Lutherans of the community were members of St. James Church; and Pastor Aaron Yetter preached for them regu- larly, beginning in the spring of 1859. A union church was dedicated by the two pastors, February 27, 1860. It was a frame building, 32x45, and cost $1,000. Soon after the dedi- cation Pastor Yetter organized a Lutheran congregation of 23 members, which is described as “the fifth swarm from the old St. James hive”. Services were held every two weeks in the afternoon, alternating with the Reformed. This arrange- ment continued until 1895, when the Lutherans bought the interest of the Reformed in the property, and the latter built a new church for themselves. From 1860 to 1876 the pastors of the congregation were those of St. James; since 1876 they have been served by the Saltsburg pastors. HIiStORY OH IytHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 691 TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH PATROBERPA: Lutherans have lived in this vicinity from pioneer days, but the development of the town and the organization of a church came in comparatively recent years. The building of the Penn- sylvania Railroad in 1853 made a future for La- trobe, and efforts were then made to establish a Butheranee Church: 7iin 1862, Michael Weis, Jacob Fahr, and Freder- ick Keiser asked Rev. G. W. Mechling to hold services at Latrobe, on the afternoon of the day of his regular Ligonier appointment and this was done every two weeks, the services being held in the United Presbyterian Church. After continu- ing this work for period of two years, he effected a temporary or- ganization, which was made permanent in April, 1865, when Trinity Church was or- ganized with the following members: : | ie i jet) ‘ors a Ackerman, Sarah Fahr, Rosina Lechler, George Best, John Keiser, Frederick Lechler, Caroline Best, Karina Keiser, Katherine Pore, John Best, Jouise Keys, William Pore, Susanna Bierer, Jacob J. Keys, Sarah B. : Shirey, David Bierer, Catherine Keys, : Shirey, Christina- Eikert, Adam Klingensmith, Casper Shulz, Louise Eisaman, Lewis Klingensmith, Margaret Weis, Michael Fahr, Jacob Launtz, John Weis, Rosina Under their constitution the following officers were elected: Frederick Keiser and J. J. Bierer, elders; Michael Weis and Adam FEjikert, deacons; William Keys, David Launtz, David Shirey, Jacob Taylor, and John Pore, trustees. Michael Weis and his wife donated a building lot on Weldon street. Although their first pastor resigned about this time, they let the contract for the building of a church to D. D. Shirey. The corner stone was laid by Pastor Daniel Worley, June 6, 1865, and the church was dedicated by Pastor J. H. Smith, January 1, 1866. Since the services of that day were conducted in two languages, Mrs. Rosina Weis presented a German Bible and Mrs. Kate Bossart 692 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD an English Bible for the occasion. This church was a plain brick structure, 35x50, and cost about $3,000. Pastor Smith was in- stalled on the day of dedication, and continued to serve the con- gregation until October 1, 1873. The next three pastors were Rev. A. D. Potts, 1875-1876; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1877-1882; Rev. J. L. Smith, D.D., 1882-1892. The last named was a man of exceptional energy, who built up the congregation in both numbers and efficiency, although serving a large parish of four churches. In the face of considerable opposition, he secured a new charter for the church and led it into the Pittsburgh Synod. Two lots adjoining the church ground were also secured, to the great advantage of the congregation in later building operations. It was Doctor J. L. Smith who conceived the Idlewild Reunions, and made them so popular for a number of years. After his resignation in 1892 the parish was divided, and Rev. Isaac K. Wismer was called as pastor of Latrobe and Youngstown. This change gave more services to Latrobe, and resulted in the steady advancement of the congregation. The natural increase in mem- bership led to a demand for a larger church. It was decided to convert the old church into a Sunday School room and to build a larger church in connection with it. The corner stone was laid, August 1, 1897, and the church dedicated, March 13, 1898. Doctor A. L. Yount preached the dedicatory sermon; Doctor F. W. E. Peschau made a German address; and Rev. H. L. Mc- Murray made an appeal for funds, gathering the remainder of the $12,000 needed. The church was built of brick and stone, with two corner towers. The pipe organ was donated by Andrew Carnegie. During the summer of 1899 a parsonage was built on the lot next to the church at a cost of $3,000. This par- sonage was much improved in 1921, and additional ground se- cured. Trinity Church was made a separate parish in 1902, since which the congregation has grown into one of 735 confirmed members. The pastorates in their order were: Rev. G. W. Mech- ling, 1862-1865; Rev. Daniel Worley, 1865; Rev. J. H. Smith, 1865-1873; Rev. A. D. Potts, 1875-1876; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1877-1882: Rev, J.J, Smith) .D.D;, 1882-1892> Rev ela tes mer, 1892-1906; Rev. C. H, Hemsath,'1907-1909; Rew 1. a: Baker, 1909-. ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN: CHURCH NEW FLORENCE, PA. A number of Lutheran families lived in the vicinity of New Florence as early as 1830. Rev. N. G. Scharretts visited them occasionally and preached for them in English and Ger- man in the Presbyterian Church of Centerville, across the Conemaugh from New Florence. After the death of Rev. HISTORY OL THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 693 Scharretts in 1836, they were occasionally supplied by Pas- tors John J. Suman, Peter Sahm, D.D., Augustus Babb, D.D., A. B. Bosserman, and Simon P. Snyder. For some reason the doors of the Presbyterian Church were closed against Doctor Sahm, and services were held by him in the Culbert school house about two miles east of Centerville. When Pastor Simon P. Snyder of Brush Valley visited them, he held serv- ices in an old log church belonging to the United Brethren. Among those interested in these first services were: Samuel Butler, Elizabeth Butler, John Robb, Sallie Robb, Joseph Kis- singer, Elizabeth Kissinger, Sidney Passavant, George W. Mangus, Susan Mangus, George Schrum, and John Junkin- son. After holding services for two or three years, Pastor Snyder organized St. John’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, September 9, 1873, with thirty members. All congregational records prior to the year 1876 have been lost, and it is not possible to give an accurate list of these original members. It is however known that the first Church Council consisted of Joseph Kissinger, George Schrum, John Junkinson, John Robb, JeHe Kissinger Pand! Alexander Butler. On July 19; 1873, Sam- uel Pershing and wife deeded to John Robb, Samuel Butler, and William Carnahan, acting trustees for the Evangelical Lutherans, three lots in the town of New Florence for the sum of $350. Mr. and Mrs. Pershing made a donation of $100. The deed antedates the organization of the church. The work of building a church was promptly begun, but no financial statement was rendered, so that the congregation never knew what their church cost, but it was estimated at $3,300. The building was not finished according to the original con- tract. It was dedicated, December 1, 1873, while yet unfin- ished. It was a neat brick church, 35x45, very pleasing in ap- pearance. This church was badly damaged by a storm in 1885, but promptly repaired and dedicated, January 24, 1886, Rev. A. C. Ehrenfeld and Doctor J, A. Clutz officiating. Con- siderable money was raised in the Alleghany Synod for them through the efforts of Rev. Ehrenfeld. On August 9, 1898, a lot near the church was purchased for $225, and a parson- age erected at a cost of $1,800. In the summer of 1917 the church was renovated and provided, with a tower and bel! at a cost of $800. The congregation now owns property val- ued at $6,000.00. In 1914 the Advisory Board of Home Missions was compelled to aid them in the support of a pas- tor, but the splendid work of Student Charles E. Held gave them the strength and courage of a self-sustaining parish. The following pastors have served the church from the day of organization: Simon P. Snyder, 1873-1874; Rev. I. B. Crist, 1874-1875: Rev. B. W. Tomlinson, 1876-1879; Rev. A. C. 694 HISTORY, OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Ehrenfeld, 1881-1882; Rev. Solomon McHenry, 1882-1884; Rev. F. H. Crissman, 1886-1889; Rev. J. K. Hilty, 1890-1891 ; Rev. F. S. Shultz, 1893-1897; Rev. S. A. Shaulis, 1898-1907 ; Rev. Henry Voegtley, 1908-1910; Rev. W. M. Spangler, 1910- 19133°Rev. D.°s. Weimef, 1913-1914 “Revs G. Wr McSherry, 1915-1918; Student C. E. Held (supply), 1919-1922; Rev. Adam Boerstler, 1923-1925. ELOI AY el RUN TASYes EVAN LA EL Ras Ng GEL ahi TREN Eee At the earnest solicitation of a few Lutherans, most of whom were members of Trinity Church, Adamsburg, Pa., occa- sional services were held in Irwin by Rev. A. H. Bartholomew during the year 1873. 25“On May 30, 1874, a meeting was held, at which Rev. A. H. Bartholomew presided, to consider the propriety of organiz- ing a Lutheran congregation in Irwin. After a full discussion of the matter an organization was effected. A constitution was adopted, officers were elected, and the following persons signed the constitution: Louis Eisaman, Henry K. Walthour, G. B. Painter, C. C. Painter; Mrs; Sarah, Wideman; Adam ljaneyes|aae: Blyholder, and Leonard Hunker’. Rev sage Bartholomew, with the assistance of a few other brethren, supplied this church until a perecuian pastor was called. In the spring of 1876, Trin- ity Church, Adamsburg, and Irwin were united and constituted a parish, and» on’ Aprilys #? 1oxe: Rev: 6Ve:4Bop-Ghristyasag Delmont was called and became its pastor.” For the first four years the congregation wor- shipped in a hall; then a church was built on Main street. The corner 25—Ulery’s History of the Southern Conference, page 265. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 695 stone was laid, July 25, 1877, and the church dedicated by Pastor Christy, February 24, 1878. It was built of brick, 32x54, at a cost of $2,800. Irwin became a separate parish in 1833; later Manor was added for a time. A frame parsonage was built on Pennsylvania avenue, which was occupied by Pastor §$. K. Herbster, May 1, 1892, ‘The long pastorate of Rev. Samuel K. Herbster was rich in fruitage. The congregation developed in numbers and a new church was built. The corner stone of the second church was laid by Pastor Herbster, September 29, 1901, but the work dragged and the church was not ready for dedica- tion until November 15, 1903. It was built of brick and stone, octagonal in form, at a cost of $15,000. During the pastorate of Doctor J. H. Miller, a fund of over $2,000 was raised to reno- vate the church and parsonage and pay the remaining debt. In recent years there have been large additions to both the Sunday School and congregation. In 1923 the confirmed members of the church numbered 496, and the totai enrollment of the Sunday School was 325. The Ladies’ Aid Society, organized in August, 1891, has rendered large financial assistance. ‘The pastors have served in the following order: Rev. A. H. Bartholomew (sup- ply), 1874-1876; Rev. V. B. Christy, 1876-1881; Rev. E. G. Lund, D.D., 1881-1883; Rev. F. W. Kohler, 1884-1886; Rev. E. baker locGslo0 shew kK. Llerbster 1891-1910 s Rev. O. Glenn 101 1eLOl7 shevasie ci Miller Rh 1913-3 BE Loe Pak VAaONGE I TOAT LUTHERAN CHURCH COOK TOWNSHIP, WESTMORELAND CoO., PA. Pastor David Earhart of Donegal began to hold services here in a school house in 1876, and organized Bethel Church, June 9, 1879, with thirty-four members. Under the constitu- tion the first church officers wére: John Stahl, J..Piper; An- drew Stahl, and Adam Stahl. The corner .stone of a church was laid, June 1, 1880, and the completed building dedicated Dyer actoratanuart, May 20) tcc ast swasebulilt. of frame, 34x48, at a cost of $1,200. Pastor Earhart succeeded in build- ing up a congregation of 75 members in a few years, since this was the only church in the neighborhood.’ From 1879 to 1896 the church was served by Donegal pastors; from 1896 to 1907 it was under the care of Ligonier pastors; since 1907 it has been served chiefly by pastors of Youngstown Parish. The road over the ridge from Youngstown to Bethel is rough and often closed by winter snows, but the pastors have ren- deted staithiul service... Much “credit, is due Pastor FH. (A. Weicksel for the way he rallied the congregation in 1912, leading them in the work of renovating their church. The 696 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD pastorates in their order were as follows: Rev. David Earhart, 1879-1882; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1885-1888; Rev. Samuel Stouffer, 1888-1894; Rev. J. H. Kline, 1895; Rev. A. H. Bar- tholomew, 1896-1898; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1898-1906; Rev. G. W. Spiggle, 1907; Rev. I. M. Wallace, Ph.D., 1909-1910; RevanG aan" Naeavaren 1910-1911; Rev. F. A. Weicksel, 1911- 1915; Rev. W. E. Bauer, 1916-1923; Rev. Henry Voegtley, 1923-. | LRINITY EVANGELICALS LU) HPaRAN CHU RG MOUNT. PLEASANT, -PA. Although some of the oldest churches of the synod are not far distant, no attempt was made to organize a church in Mount Pleasant until 1882. Services were begun by Rev. Enoch Smith in 1869 when he was pastor of neighboring churches, then in ~ connection with the Ohio Synod. Occasional services were held for a period of four years. The successor of Pastor Smith was Doctor S$. L. Harkey, who also held services in the town from 1873 to 1882. The organization of Trinity Church was effected shortly before his resignation, indicating that there may have been some opposition from the rest of the parish. Trinity Church was organized, January 12, 1882. The first church officers were Jeremiah Baker, Joseph Truxal, J. H. Rum- baugh, and W. F. Baker. Rev. Jonathan Sarver became pastor of Mount Pleasant par- Ug ish*in ‘Vlarchyelossaeai brought the three con- gregations, Trinity, Zi- on, sand, pt... .OUn sins the Pittsburgh Synod in 1885. Pastor Sarver gathered a building fund of $3,000, and then be- gan the work of building a church. The corner stone was laid, August 1, 1884, and the church dedicated) = Dy. aiauenian Sarver and Doctor W. oo A, .Passavant, Marcia vk 1885. It was a Gothic ES BARS mae brick structure, costing sam: Be) with the lot about $7,000. One of the chief hind- rances to the early de- ih HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 697 velopment of the church was its connection with two large rural churches, making it impossible for the pastor to give the same amount of service enjoyed by other churches of the town. This condition was not remedied until 1918, when Trinity was made a separate parish. Missionary aid was given for two years, after which the congregation became self-supporting with 148 mem- pers ln 3192737) ote. johns Church* was once moré’ taken into the parish. Extensive improvements were made to the church in 1914 at a cost of $3,000, and a service of rededica- tion was held by Pastor Leatherman, November 22, 1914. Dur- ing the pastorate of Rev. Albert W. Trumpeter the church was given another renovation. The following pastors have served here since the year of formal organization: Rev. S. L. Harkey, Dy Dy 1882; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, D: D7 1883-1886; Rev: J. ReuGrott71886-13ol' > “Reve CiaL. Holloway, 1891- 1896 ; Rev. Herbert Martens, 1897-1900; Rev. W. R. Swickard, 1901- 1905; Rev. R. L. Leatherman, 1905-1922; Rev. A. W. Trumpeter, 1923-. Piaget Yer VANGH ICAL TIE PIE RAN CHURCH 1D iar se The roots of Holy Trinity Church are found in the congre- gation established at New Derry many years in advance. 26Services were held in New Derry by Rev. A. Babb, pastor of the ES ee : WatheranieaG.n itch )-at 4 ua t cde} es te) iM eaee ex : Hi 1847. He and his suc- cessors continued to hold services here occasional- ly until 1853, when a congregation was organ- ized and a plain frame enurch built. After: the \ boundary line between the Alleghany Synod and the Pittsburgh Synod was. determined, the Blairsville pastors dis- JILllk continued their work soe here, and ministers of the or Blairsville, as early as 4 Pittsburgh Synod took it up. Revs. W. A. Passa- 26—History of the Southern Conference, Ulery, page 283. 698 HISTORY OF SDH ESPLLLSBORGH IS YNOD vant, John Welfley, W. F. Ulery and others rendered service here before a regular pastor was secured. In the autumn of 1862, New Derry, Fennelton, and New Alexandria were con- stituted a mission, and Rev. J. S. Renninger was appointed mis- sionary; he took charge of this field in the spring of 1863, and resigned January 1, 1864.” After the resignation of Pastor Renninger the church was made part of Ligonier Parish. During the pastorate of Doctor J. L. Smith, the congregation voted with practical unanimity to relocate in Derry. A lot in Derry was bought for $325, and preparations were made to build. This action was resented by a minority party in the congregation, who sought the fellowship of the General Synod as the original New Derry Church. The minority congregation was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod in 1888, was served by Pastor J. H. Wright for several years, but finally disbanded in 1897. ‘The local dis- pute was carried into court, where a verdict was given in favor of the majority party. In spite of this legal decision the minority party continued to use the old New Derry property, and were not molested by the Derry congregation. The corner stone of the new church was laid in Derry, November 10, 1883, and the build- ing dedicated by Pastor J. L. Smith, August 9, 1884. It was built of frame, 33x55, at a cost of $2,675. As a part*of the large Ligonier Parish, services were held every two weeks in the after- noon. ‘This was not conducive to development, and it was made a separate mission parish after the resignation of Pastor Smith in 1892. ‘The first missionary pastor was Rev. G. G. Ruff, whose pastorate continued from 1892 to 1899. A charter was secured in 1892, and a constitution adopted in harmony with it. A Ladies’ Aid Society and a Luther League were organized and proved helpful auxiliaries. Zion Church of Bradenville was organized by Pastor Ruff, April 15, 1895, but this congregation disbanded about the year 1907. Hillside was another preaching point for a short time. During the pastorate of Rev. Wilson Yeisley, 1899-1902, memorial windows were placed in the church. The parsonage was bought for $2,500 in 1900. During the pas- torate of Rev. Willis Beck additional improvements were made, and a service of rededication was held, June 19, 1904. The church has been a self-sustaining parish since 1902. The follow- ing pastors have served the congregation since 1863: Rev. J. S. Renninger, 1863-1864; Rev. Daniel Worley, 1865-1866; Rev. J. H. Smith, 1866-1874; Rev. A. D. Potts, 1874-1875; Rev. H. L. McMurray, 1876-1882; Rev. J. L. Smith, D.D., 1882-1892; Rev. G. G. Ruff, 1892-1899; Rev. Wilson Yeisley, 1899-1902; Rev. Willis Beck, 1902-1905; Rev. G. B. Matthews, 1905-1906; Rev. PIiSstTORVOr sHiteelereSBURGH SYNOD 699 Jonathan Sarver, D.D., 1907-1913; Rev. H. D. Whitteker, 1913- Pol eleva lem WallelOl/-lOolesehey 7) 3; Brubeck, 1918= 1919; Rev. J. M. Weber, 1920-1924; Rev. W. A. Zundel, 1924-. ZION EVANGEL we LU n RAN CHURCH eines Oe LN DA? The founding of this church was due to Pastor Charles S. Seaman of Brush Creek Parish and Pastor C. L. Holloway of Delmont Parish, each having parishioners living in the community. Services were held here by both pastors when requested. The congregation was organized by Pastor Sea- man, March 13, 1887, with fiity charter members. The first church officers were Michael Holtzer, L. W. Gongaware, DlichaelgPortzer, John J. Altman, John J, Kuhns,.and W. L Shuster. The founder of the congregation did not become the regular pastor until June, 1888. A lot was bought and plans for the building of a church were made. The corner stone was laid, September 24, 1887, and the church dedicated By tlieas Oi peaiialnwer| une sl) loos, lt Wasmandrame —chutch; 40x60, with basement and belfry, and cost $3,500. Pastor Seaman served the church until September 7, 1889, when he died of typhoid fever. From 1889 to 1893 the church was served by Pastor R. M. Zimmerman as a part of Jeannette Patishae Zioneand .otatjoun s then wnited’to form a, parish. Rev. Ceorge J. Diener was called as pastor, and served from 1894 to 1903. For the last two years of this pastorate Pastor Diener served Zion Church alone. The two churches again entered into parish relations, and have remained together to {mem pnccent.. A. listyolpethe pastorates is.as follows: -Rev, ©: S. Seaman, 1887-1889; Rev. R. M. Zimmerman, 1889-1893; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1894-1903; Rev. John Shunk, 1905-1907; Rev. EF. H. Daugherty, 1907-1909; Rev. R. M. Zimmerman (second term), 1910-1915; Rev. J. A. Frischkorn, 1916-1918; ev erenatbanacleochetreren lO LOAlO20 ee Reve. la Courtney, 1921-1922; Rev. W. E. Bauer, 1923-. Die PAU SE. VANGE UIC AAP USE RAN CHURCH DARLINGTON, PA. While Doctor J. L. Smith was pastor of Ligonier Parish, a number of interested persons met at the home of Charles Eberly to consider the question of building a church. John Nicely, Albert Austin, Andrew Peterson, Samuel Johnston, and Doctor J. L. Smith consented to serve as a building com- mittee. Pastor Smith prepared the plans and solicted the 700 HISTORY -ORS THE API T SRW RGE ysy NOD) funds. Samuel Johnston donated the lot. John Nicely do- nated and hauled all the heavy timber needed. Jesse Cogan agreed to plaster the church as his donation. The corner stone was laid, June 17, 1888, and the building dedicated by Pastor: Smith, May 12, 1889. The little frame church cost about $1,200. A congregation of twenty members was or- ganized, May 19, 1889, the first officers being John Nicely, Albert Austin, Kim Johnston, and Andrew Peterson. ‘The Carnegie organ of the Ligonier Church was rebuilt and re- dedicatedvin St. Paulssby “Pastor, Buch, Decémber16,51923; The congregation has been a part of Ligonier Parish from the beginning. THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH#OE ANS BER A RKOID NG AENSENB MENS GAINED, Lesbian ee At the suggestion of Rev. A. D. Potts, this new town was canvassed by Rev. J. A. Boord in the fall of 1888. Pastor Boord remained two weeks in the field, and organized a Sunday School, which prospered in the face of many difficulties. The first church service was held in an unused packing house of the McKee Glass Works in October, 1888, Doctor J. C. Kunzmann preaching the sermon. Neighboring pastors took turns in keep- ing up the services until a regular pastor was secured, while Rev. J. A. Boord and] Hwa ee SAEs Zundel looked after the & Sunday Schook ‘lhe , SS OF chief difficulty at the be- EN are foc ION ginning was not lack of A Lutherans, but lack of a Pte : suitable place in which a to Up reach! tormithens Xe a CAV) Owners of unfinished ? buildings kindly offered \ rooms, but these could only be used for a few times. . Mrs. Knappen- berger then ‘oifered “the useésOL asVacarite lotemon which a shanty chapel was built of rough In this humble imei seas = boards D Oe” Esele=s S Wrest nee “GBI “Ne building a temporary or- eK oS a ee, S— S rt ganization was effected in the spring of 1889. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 701 Doctor E. G. Lund of Greensburg was called as pastor, but lack of time made it impossible for him to do the large amount of pastoral work necessary; and the result was that the mission lagged. Even the promising Sunday School was disbanded. The Home Mission Committee of the Pittsburgh Synod then called Pastor Robert M. Zimmerman as the missionary. His work soon restored confidence; the shanty chapel was abandoned; and the German Lutheran Church was secured as a place of worship. Lots on the corner of Magee and Seventh streets, secured by donation from the land company, were found unsuitable for a church; and were exchanged for the present site on the payment of a bonus of $1,000. Services were held every Sunday in the German Church, and the “Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Holy Trinity” was organized by Pastor Zimmerman and Rev. D. M. Kemerer, April 13, 1890, with fifty-eight members. Six- teen Lutheran churches were represented in the original mem- bership, which was drawn from many different sections of the country. The first officers were Gabriel B. Potts, Jacob Guy, Charles H. Soles, Oliver P. Skelly, D. T. Knappenberger, and G. W. Knappenberger. General Synod workers also had an interest in this new town, and organized a church of twenty members, February 15, 1891, but difficulty was experienced in securing a proper deed for their lots, and the organization disbanded. A building committee was appointed by Holy Trinity, and plans were adopted for the raising of a building fund of $5,000. The corner stone of the church was laid, September 18, 1892, but a business panic halted operations and the church was not dedicated until June 23, 1894. It was built of brick and stone, with roomy chancel and high central dome, at a cost of $12,000. A parsonage was erected on the adjoining lot at an added cost of $4,000. The completion of this double task inspired new life in the congregation, and fifty-five new members were enrolled that year. When Pastor Zimmerman began his pastorate, St. John’s and Zion were included in the parish, but after a few years the church was given the entire time of the minister. A review of the history of Holy Trinity Church shows that, in spite of a number of serious troubles, there has been a steady develop- ment in the strength of the congregation. In 1895 there were 157 members; in 1902 there were 240; in 1918 there were 450; in 1923 there were 569. The Sunday School has kept the pace of the congregation. During the pastorate of Rev. J. J. Brubeck, 1905-1918, a sharp division of sentiment occurred, resulting in the organization of St. Mark’s Church, November 22, 1908. Much stress also resulted from the decision to replace the first church with a better building. The old church was razed in 702 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1916, and a fine Gothic building erected at a cost of $30,000. The corner stone was laid, November 26, 1916, and the com- pleted church dedicated by Pastor Brubeck, September 22, 1917. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Doctor I. C. Hoffman. For a period of twenty-five years there was a German Lutheran Church in Jeannette. This German congregation was organized by Pastor Carl Mildner in 1889 with twenty members. Their frame church was dedicated, April 13, 1890, and furnished the place in which the Church of the Holy Trinity was organized. It was sold in 1914 when the congregation disbanded. ‘The pas- tors of Holy Trinity Church have served in the following order: Rev. EF. G. Lund, D.D., 1889; Rev. R. M. Zimmerman, 1889- 1895; Rev. J. W. Myers, 1896-1898; Rev. F. S. Beistel, 1898- 1902 : Rev. L. D. Reed, 1903-1904; Rev. J. J. Brubeck, 1905- LOTSSaR cya as Langhans, 1919- 1922; Rev.-G. Ey, Himmel man, 1922-. FIRST EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH NEW KENSINGTON, PA. This city was laid out in 1890 by the Burrell Improvement Company. Its industries were of such substantial character that their success was assured from the beginning. Many Lutherans were attracted to the new town by the promise of good work, and Pastor Carl Zinssmeister conducted the first service for them, October 18, 1891, = Se in the Reformed Presby- terian Church of @ Rar ae i nassus. These and suc- alt a ees = ceeding services were so Nig encouraging that he or- ip ganized a congregation of forty-two members, Lie December 6, 1891. Pas- tor Zinssmeister supplied NM the new congregation in 7] \\ both German and English : until March 1, 1892, | when he was commis- sioned as the first regu- —f } ( lar pastor. Three- lots were donated by the Bur- SISSIES rell Company, which ee en later proved very valu- able sas. sa~ church ieeites The corner stone of a HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 703 church was laid by Pastor Zinssmeister, August 7, 1892, but a change of plans led to a relaying of the stone, November 20. The completed church was dedicated, October 1, 1893. It was a substantial brick church and cost about $8,000. A memorial bell was presented by the Burrell Company. The building com- mittee was composed of Pastor Zinssmeister, H. L. Goerman, John Beamer, Samuel Schlegel, and Edwin Kunkle. About six months before the dedication the German part of the congrega- tion was organized into a German Lutheran Church by Doctor J. D. Severinghaus, but this congregation was later disbanded. Pioneer work in First Church was hard and discouraging. With a new town, a heterogeneous population and a gain-seeking peo- ple, the church was given secondary consideration. After the resignation of Pastor Zinssmeister, Pastor Barry served as a supply, but found it hard to hold the people together. The debt was heavy and the church at one time was offered for sale. Rev. FE. F. Dickey accepted a call in this emergency, and by good busi- ness methods established the church on a firmer financial basis. Much of the church debt was paid and a good congregation of 175 members gathered. Another long and trying vacancy ensued after his resignation in 1901, which proved almost as disastrous as the first. During this second vacancy, Pastor R. FE. McDaniel of the General Council canvassed the community and organized St. Paul’s Church, taking away some of the best families of the mission. When St. Paul’s Church disbanded in 1909, the ma- jority of the remaining twenty-one members united with First Church. Pastor Dickey’s successor was Pastor Upton A. Hankey, who began his work in 1902. Under his leadership the recovery of the congregation was much more rapid than even its warmest friends had dared to hope; and it became a self-sup- porting parish, February 1, 1904. It was only a few years until the old church was outgrown, and the erection of a new church became imperative. The parsonage was sold and removed; the old church was razed; and then the contract for the building of the new church was let to Charles Reighter. The corner stone was laid, June 27, 1915, and Pastor Hankey was privileged to conduct the first service in the basement, October 4, 1915. But this was the last service in the ministerial life of the devoted pastor. Stricken during the following week he was called to his reward, January 3, 1916. ‘Taking up the unfinished task of their leader, the congregation carried on the work of building to com- pletion, and the church was dedicated by Doctor George W. Englar, March 19, 1916. This church is a two-story brick edi- fice, 60x100, now valued at $75,000. Pastor Hankey’s successor was Pastor Taylor B. Yeakley, who began his pastorate, May 1, 1916, and has succeeded in building up a great congregation of more than one thousand members and a Sunday School of like 704 HISTORY OF THE sPIPTSBURGH SYNOD proportions. ‘The mission church of 1891, whose life seemed to hang by a mere thread, is now the largest Protestant church of the city, and one of the most influential churches of the synod. The pastorates in their order were as follows: Rev. Carl Zinss- meister, 1891-1893; Rev. D. R. P. Barry (supply), 1894; Rev. FE. F. Dickey, 1894-1901; Rev. U. A. Hankey, D.D., 1902-1916; Révilebeveaklev. chim amo las HEBRON EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH AVONMORE, PA. Within the corporate limits of Avonmore, upon the brow of a great hill overlooking the Kiskiminetas, is an old neglected grave yard, in which nearly a hundred human bodies have been laid to rest. 27“This land, together with some more remaining unen- closed, was donated by Simon Hine for the purpose of a Lu- theran and German Reformed church and burial ground. Here, to the south, and outside of the enclosure, was begun the building of a church. The timbers had been dressed and drawn to the place; the day appointed for the raising of the log house; the members were on the ground from far and near; one or two courses of logs put on their foundation—just ready to put'.ini place’-the {joistsmitor! the (floor; \iwhenwecame msc . question: To whom shall ab AS the house and _ ground cS) es f be deeded? Until that x sree) ipa #5) was decided not another DZ ow es} ao hand to build was lift- ‘ ed, and, when decided, the issue remained the same. There the few logs placed upon pillars of stone remained un- touched, as well as the large heaps lying all around; and there they are today, a decayed and decaying monument of human infirmity and folly. The, precise date cannot now be ascertain- ed. It was not earlier than 1797, nor later than 1805”. 27—History of Westmoreland Classis, page 149. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 705 Such was the first effort to plant the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Avonmore. Its failure led to the building of St. James Church, about three miles distant. The second effort was not made until after the lapse of nearly a century. In 1890 the Avonmore Land and Improvement Company bought up all but one of the Lutheran farms lying in the bend of the river and laid out a town. Among the first lot purchasers were a number of General Synod Lutherans from Leechburg, who determined to establish a church. The fact that the town was laid out on Gen- eral Council lands did not deter them from making this effort. Rev. J. W. Poffinberger brought the matter to the attention of the Conemaugh Conference, and a special committee was ap- pointed to secure the erection of a chapel. Liberal contributions were received from the churches of the conference, and this ‘money, together with such other funds as Rev. Poffinberger was able to collect, enabled them to build a small frame chapel cost- ing about $900. The lot was secured by donation from the land company; and it is noteworthy that it was located but a few yards from the site of the log house of Simon Hine, who donated the burial ground on the hill. This chapel was dedicated by Rev. Poffinberger, December 6, 1891, Rev. M. L. Culler preaching the dedicatory sermon. In this chapel, Hebron Lutheran Church was organized, December 13, 1891, with the following members: Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Sober Nevada Morrow Henry S. Anderson Mr. and Mrs. I. T. Klingensmith John FE. Anderson David Faulk Thomas §S. Morrow Mrs. Amanda Anderson The first Church Council consisted of Henry S. Anderson, D. W. Sober, and I. T. Klingensmith. It was a small but en- thusiastic congregation, and a number of others were soon ready to unite with them. A Sunday School was organized at once, and I. T. Klingensmith became the first superintendent. Student Ellis B. Burgess spent the summer of 1892 with them, and suc- ceeded in adding twenty-three new members to the congregation, among whom were some of the most influential men of the com- munity. In the meantime the members of St. James Church living in the town were fully awake to the fact that here was an opportunity for church extension that should not be neglected. Accordingly, Pastor W. G. D. Hudson held regular services for them, beginning in the early spring of 1891. Permission was given by Jacob Hine, who had declined to sell his farm, to erect a temporary chapel on ground adjoining his home, and here a congregation of twenty-seven members was organized by Rev. Hudson early in 1892, under the name St. Andrew’s Evan- gelical Lutheran Church. A Sunday School was also organized in connection with this mission, under the superintendency of Prof. Smeltzer, who for a number of years was a teacher in Thiel College. St. Andrew’s was made a part of Saltsburg 706 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Parish and served by Pastor Hudson until 1896, when he re- signed. Here was a condition which has not often been repro- duced in western Pennsylvania; a small town of not more than four hundred inhabitants with two small churches, both of which were served by an English Lutheran pastor. Naturally there was sharp rivalry between the two. St. Andrew’s had the ad- vantage of being able to secure all the Lutherans moving into the town from Westmoreland County, but Hebron managed to in- terest the others; and, after a five year period of rivalry, a pro- cess of absorption set in, by which all the Lutheran families of the community, one by one, were led into the fellowship of Hebron Church. The last of these families of St. Andrew’s did not come until after the synodical merger. The first regular pastorate in Hebron Church began, June 1, 1893, when Rev. Ellis B. Burgess accepted a call at a salary of $600, without any promise of aid from the Board of Home Missions. This salary was promptly paid because two men carried a subscription paper through the two factories of the town, and secured $300 from working men who were not members of the congregation. Dur- ing the second year of his pastorate a missionary appropriation of $160 was secured; and the mission was then united with Mays- ville to form a self-sustaining parish. The little chapel soon be- came too small, and the corner stone of a new church was laid by Pastor; M. 3. \Kemp,’ september 27, 5)1903e.ial bismasccona church was dedicated, July 24, 1904, when Rev. E. B. Burgess, Rev. C. F. Sanders, and Rev. J. W. Poffinberger assisted the pastor. This was a substantial building of brick and stone, 50x75, that cost complete $8,750. It was built at this low figure only because it was done by Daniel W. Sober, an active member of Hebron, who ever considered the interests of the church higher than his own. A second house of worship was built by St. Andrew’s Church in the fall of 1899 during the pastorate of Rev. A. M. Strauss. This was a neat frame chapel, erected on a lot donated by the Avonmore Land and Improvement Com- pany, and dedicated, February 18, 1900. This property was sold in 1918 and turned into a private dwelling. Hebron Church has had too many pastors for its highest spiritual development, no less than twelve having been installed in twenty-seven years. The following is a list of the pastors of the two congregations: PASTORS OF HEBRON PASTORS OF ST. ANDREWS REV DS DULG eSS Eee tee 1893-1895 Rievam Wee Gael aeLiudson see 1892-1896 Riewens Ce eH, SO anc €igGeee net ae eae 1895-1898 RevageAs = Vigotrauss seen ee eee 1897-1901 Ioan AWE A Islewmaameyalpcehcsntoun: 1898-1899 Reviel hy esievenr: ea ea een 1903- Reval a Cae NICD Olas uae teens 1900-1901 Rev. W. A. Lambert (supply) ....1904- Reve aMteSsKNenp eee cee 1902-1905 Revers see bake eee eee Lia 1905- Reve Ee As eric hitina tees t cece ore 1905-1908 Rev ae lye OFA Peaches aes eee 1905-1906 Reverse Re Elcinn's inc tae ne 1908-1910 Rev. Charles D> Miller.2...:.2.. 1907-1909 Rev. Hee @aaStuckenbercies. ee 1910-1912 Supplies =n nd eee 1909-1911 Reve Wie A mel Ocatimte nm ree 1913-1914 Reva CaE a schweikert eee sees 1912-1914 Rev. CE Iniebesottase nee 1915-1917 Reva Eiran ae VV S Dre ee ee 1914-1917 Rew. Ra eNe 6S Gun ieee ee ae 1917-1920 Rey eel dwatie ee 5 Oye cee eee .. 1920- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 707 DS pave eh MANGHULGA LLU THERAN CHURCH ROMNEY OMID SG 1evet In 1890 Rev. J. H. Kline accepted an appointment to work as the missionary of the Pittsburgh Synod in the counties of Fayette and Westmoreland. At Scottdale he found at least a score of Lutherans, who were interested in the establish- ment of a church, and services were held in a rented hall. A provisional organization was effected, October 1, 1890, which enrolled forty members. This organization was later made permanent by the adoption of a constitution and the election Oemoticersmm lhe: pisteoticersmwerem)| ohn sow.tretts ac). M: Baer, John Kritschgau, Harry F. Bott, W. S. Loucks, and Dennis Comp. After the people were assured that they would be given all the time of the missionary, they bought a lot on Loucks avenue for $800 and made plans for the building of a church. The corner stone was laid, May 21, 1891, and the building dedicated by Pastor Kline, October 20, 1891. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Doctor A. L. Yount. It Was built) ot frame, with: corner towers, ati a cost of $3,500. Hoffman’s Church was made a part of the parish at the be- ginning. After the resignation of Pastor Kline, January 1, 1894, Pastor J. C. F. Rupp served the congregation from Sep- tember 1, 1894, to April 15, 1900. Hoffman’s Church was dropped from the parish in 1899. A charter was secured in 1895. The third pastor was Rev. B. F. Hankey, who served from October 1, 1900, to March 1, 1907. During -his pastorate he added 193 new members to the congregation and brought the parish to the position of self-support. He also served Zion Church in the country, an arrangement which remains to the present. The second church was erected during the pastorate of Rev. D. W. Michael, who served from July 1, 1907, to November 1, 1911. The parsonage was sold for $4,600; the church lot was sold for $4,000; a new site on the corner of Mulberry and Grant streets was then bought for $4,000. The committee, which handled these important transfers, consisted of Pastor D. W. Michael, John Kritsch- gau, C. L. Holtzer, A. ©. Boyer, Edward Anderson, Charles Gregory, J. E. Albig, Adam Henkel, Albert Small, G. H. Brun- ner, Christian Meader, H. D. Stough, and C. M. Berkey. The corner stone of the new church was laid, June 26, 1910, and the completed building dedicated by Pastor Michael, Febru- ary 5,.1911. Doctors J. C. Kunzmann and A. L. Yount assist- ed the pastor in the dedication. This church was built of brick and stone, church and parsonage being under the same roof, at a cost of $20,000. A considerable debt remained, but this was cleared by the labors of Pastors F. FE. Stough and J. 708 HISTORY: OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD, O. Glenn. Pastor Glenn was able to report a debt free con- gregation of 298 members in 1923. A consecutive list of pas- torates follows: Rev. J. H. Kline, 1890-1894; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1894-1900; Rev. B. F. Hankey, 1900-1907; Rev. D. W. Michael, 1907-1911; Rev. Bw Ee Stough, 1912-1917; Rev. JO: Glenn, 1917-1925; Rev. W. J. Seiberling, 1925-. UNITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH MANOR, PA. While Rev. J. S. Fink was pastor of Brush Creek Church, he conducted regular services in this community for several years and started a movement for the building of a church, but a f serious division of senti- 3 -4 ment on the question of location led to a_ long postponement. HS 5 tI INV {ya o SG atl G 28Tater, a provisional organization was formed, and Manor united with the Irwin Parish. Revs. F. W. Kohler and E. L. Baker conducted services here, and some effort was made toward building a church, but it was not successful) On syulyeae | 1891, Rev. Samuel K. a EOS <— =| g— Herbster accepted a call wa 7 RI Ic > from the Irwin Parish A MN aa ~ and entered at once on hy his work. On August 9 : he organized, or reor- ganized, Unity Evangelical Lutheran Church. . shoemaker, |]. W. Hunger, WR? Lukehart, and C. E. Richter. This constitution provided that the superin- 724 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD tendent of the Sunday School, and the secretary and treas- urer of the congregation should be members of the Church Council. The Sunday School was organized, December 3, 1922, with G. P. Karle, as the first superintendent. R. E. Mears was elected secretary, and L. A. Phillips treasurer of the congregation. Pastor Bean served the mission until Feb- ruary 25, 1923, and Pastor Lloyd M. Keller became the first regular pastor, June 1, 1923. By the help of the Church Prop- erty and Loan Fund of the Pittsburgh Synod, a good building site, 90x120, was secured at a cost of $3,500. Here a tempo- rary chapel of rough boards was erected as a place of worship until the permanent church could be completed. The corner stone of their church was laid under promising conditions, November 11, 1923, and the completed building was dedicated by Pastor Keller, May 25, 1924. The new church was built of brick, roofed with aluminum and completely furnished at a total cost of $21,000. Few missions have been launched un- der more hopeful conditions. CHAPTER XXI OHIO CHURCHES OF PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1804-1924 “They that sow in tears shall reap in joy.” IHITO was formed of part of the North Western Territory in 1802. The first settlement made by white men within its borders was that of the German Moravian missionaries in 1773. The sec- ond was that of New Englanders at Marietta in 1788. The first Lutherans of Ohio, so far as we can learn, were the families of George Ostertag, Martin Os- tertag, and George Bauer from Fayette County, Pennsyl- vania, who took up lands near Osage in 1800. When John Reinhard came from Washington County in 1804, he found that five other German families had located in this commun- ity before him. On the first page of the German Church Rec- ord is a statement by John Reinhard that large numbers of Germans began to settle in Ohio from 1802 to 1805. Finding land in Pennsylvania no longer cheap, the younger Germans began to look for farms “als weiter west”. While the first cost of the Ohio land was small, much labor was required to bring it into a state of cultivation. Only the most industri- ous succeeded. The first Lutheran settlements were made in Jefferson, Harrison, Columbia, Stark, Montgomery, Pick- away, and Fairfield counties, and their oldest church was Good Hope of Osage, organized provisionally in 1804 and permanently in 1805. In The Lutheran Standard of January 29, 1851, John Reinhard gives the following account of this organization: —_—— aise Aa af CANO) (7 Sass “In the year of our Lord 1804, I and my family, in connection with three other families, moved to Jefferson County in the State of Ohio. Upon our arrival here we found five other families which had pre- ceded us, and in the next year another family followed us. Having no minister to break unto us the bread of life, there being no minister of our Church in the whole state, we agreed to meet every Sunday for the purpose of mutual edification by reading, singing and prayer. Soon af- ter this the Rev. Father Stauch, whose former hearers we were and who may be called the father of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Ohio, visited and encouraged us. He organized us into a congregation under the name of Good Hope, and the following brethren were elected as officers: Balthaser Kolb, David Reidnauer, Andrew Alt, and John Reinhard. He then advised us to draw up a petition to the Evangel- ical Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania (the first petition presented to 726 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD that body from Ohio), which was done by the undersigned in the fol- lowing words: ‘As in the providence of God several German families, who grew up under the sound of the gospel, have settled in the wilder- ness in the State of Ohio, where to their sincere sorrow they are de- prived of the blessings of the gospel, they pray the Reverend Synod of Pennsylvania to send them if possible a minister of the gospel. We would be thankful for occasional visits from our ministers, but it is our wish that the Rev. J. Stauch might become our minister, for our chil- dren grow up without religious instruction, and we are like sheep with- out a shepherd’. Soon after this Rev. J. Stauch appeared in our midst, but living eighty miles from here he could only come once in eight weeks. For this reason Father Stauch appointed me to instruct the children in his absence, and also urged upon me to dedicate myself to the gospel ministry. At first I refused, but after prayerful meditation and serious reflection, especially on the case of the servant with one pound (in the parable in Luke 19), which caused me much anxiety and uneasiness of mind, I consented to devote myself to the ministry until the Church could be supplied with better qualified laborers. In the year 1812 I accompanied the Rev. Mr. Stauch to the Synod held at Carlisle, Pa., still hoping that I would not be received. At this session the Rev. H. Huet, Rev. J. Liest, Rev. C. Schaeffer and myself were admitted by licensure. The venerable George Ney from Fairfield County, Ohio, was also present as a delegate, praying for a minister. The Rev. J. Liest was recommended to him, and soon after removed to Ohio. In the fol- lowing year, 1813, the first Conference of Evangelical Lutheran minis- ters in Ohio was held in Israel’s Church, under the care of Rev. J. Liest, Fairfield County, at which were present: the Rev. Paul Henkel from Virginia, Rev. Samuel Mau from Kentucky, Rev. Andrew Simon from Montgomery County, Ohio, Rev. J. Stauch from Columbiana County, Ohio, Rev. J. Liest from Fairfield County, Ohio, Rev. J. Reinhard from Jefferson County, Ohio, and I think Rev. Anthony Weyer and Rev. H. Huet. This was the beginning of the Evangelical Lutheran Church | organized in Ohio. The above brethren penetrated the forests and pre- pared the way, and no one can fully imagine the difficulties they en- countered. The second Conference was held in Jacob’s Church in Columbiana County, and the third in Perry County, Ohio.” When the Pittsburgh Synod was organized in 1845 only churches of Pennsylvania were included; but when the Penn- sylvania pastors of the Ohio Synod declined to enter the or- ganization, and competed with them for Pennsylvania par- ishes, it was but natural that this competition should be ex- tended into Ohio. The first Ohio parish to be admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod was Trinity Church, Canton, under the care of Pastor W. F. Ruthrauff. When the English Synod of Ohio disbanded in 1873, the pastors of that body refused to unite with the English District Synod of Ohio, and went so far as to threaten independence if refused admission to the Pittsburgh Synod. After the English District Synod united with the General Council, repeated efforts were made to ad- just the boundary line with the Pittsburgh Synod, but a large number of Ohio congregations remained in the fellowship of the Pittsburgh Synod, and were not disturbed. No less than HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 727 23 Ohio churches were in the Pittsburgh Synod of the Gen- eral Council in 1919. The Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod always recognized the state line as its western border. GOOD HOPE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OSAGE, JEFFERSON COUNTY, OHIO This venerable congregation, first born among the Ewvan- gelical Lutheran congregations of Ohio, was founded by Penn- sylvania Germans in 1804. According to the statement of Pastor John Reinhard, the first of these Germans arrived in April, 1800. Several others joined them within a few years, and they were provisionally organized by Pastor Johannes Stauch in 1804. The official record shows that the permanent organization of Good Hope Church was effected by Pastor Stauch in 1805, with the families of Andreas Alt, Martin Grimm, John Heits, Friedrich Kleckner, Balthaser Kolb, George Ostertag, Martin Ostertag, David Reidnauer, John Reider, John Reinhard, and Adam Zinder. A more devout group of men never settled within this state. Lacking the leadership of a pastor, they met for worship and prayer in the log cabin of pious John Reinhard. Pastor Stauch recommended that John Reinhard should serve as the parish catechist, and this eventually led him into the office of the ministry. ‘The hardships of these pioneers were many and severe. Log cabins roofed with bark served as their first homes, whose only floor was the barewjeatth )W hile. ;the virgin soil was rich and productive and the woods full of game, the wolves were very troublesome in the winter, and _ great fires were made in front of their cabin doors to frighten the “wood dogs” aWaveepoaiteand , iron were brought by pack horses from the East. The Indians had a salt spring on Yellow Creek, but kept it concealed from the white men. The soil was too rich at first to grow good wheat, and the market value was too low to make it profitable. 728 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH, SYNOD To grind their flour they used hand mills, then horse mills, and finally water mills. In 1804 they appealed to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a pastor, and Rev. Johannes Stauch gave them service every eight weeks. Pastors Paul Henkel, George Foerst- er, and Andreas Simon visited them occasionally, but they wanted a resident minister. This wish was not granted until 1812, when Rev. John Reinhard was licensed by the Ministertum of Pennsylvania. This pastor gave them service, 1812-1825, and was responsible for the firm establishment of the congregation. After his death, June 6, 1861, his body was laid to rest in Good Hope cemetery. Like all the founders of Good Hope, he lived to a ripe old age. The grave stones show that Martin Ostertag lived to be 84; George Ostertag, 87; Balthaser Kolb, 90; Andreas Alt, 82; Friedrich Kleckner, 100; David Reidnauer, 80; John Reinhard, 89. A log church was built in 1807 on land secured from Martin Zwuedert. Mr. Zwuedert, whose children spelled their names Swickard, was one of the Hessians captured at Trenton. His services as a teamster in the Sandusky Expedi- tion of Colonel Crawford were such that he was given a section of government land as a reward. This land grant, signed by Thomas Jefferson, is still in the possession of the Swickard fam- ily. He was a member of Good Hope until 1816, when he helped the Methodists to found Tabor Church. “The devil entered Martin Swickard, and the church doors were closed against him” was the comment of Pastor Reinhard. The year 1816 seems to have been a year of trouble in Good Hope. Up to this time the Reformed and Lutherans had worshipped together in the old log church. Then a question of land title was raised, and the Re- formed moved the church to a new site near Shelly’s school house, while the Lutherans raised a fund of $429.25, and built a small frame church in the cemetery. The old record gives the names of the following persons as subscribers to this fund: Adams, Mrs. Marie Haut, Tacob Ostertag, Martin (2) Alt, Andreas Heits, Christian Ostertag, Christian (2) Armstrong, Benjamin Heits, Michael Ostertag, Jacob Arnhold, Daniel Heits, George Reidnauer, David (2) Bauer, Joh Heits, Johannes (2) Reider, John Bender, Jacob Kasmer, Michael Reider, George Bender, Elizabetha Kleckner, Friedrich Reinhard, John Billman, Conrad Kneisley, Jacob Roth, Joseph Brods, Karl Kolb, August Schweinford, Gabriel Eberhard, Jacob Kraf, Jonas Sommerladen, Valentin Friedrich, Nicolaus Kraf, Jacob Sommerladen, Michael Faril, Wilhelm Kraf, Petrus Steinbrecher, Johann Grimm, Abraham Lang, George Stembel, Jacob Haus, Johannes Ludwig, Emmanuel Sterm, Paulus Haushalter, Petrus Mehbel, Benjamin Striby, Christian Haut, Heinrich Meyer, George Wile, Joh. George ‘Haut, George Moschrosch, Jacob Zwuedert, Dani (2) Haut, Christian Nothstein, Jonas (2) Zwuedert, Mrs. Maria This frame church was moved and converted into a cooper shop in 1852, and a new church built on the old site at a cost of $500. It was dedicated by Pastor Dennis Swaney, June 20, 1852. RECORD OF THE FOUNDING OF GOOD HOPE CHURCH, OSAGE, OHIO OLDEST LUTHERAN CHURCH OF OHIO 730 HISTORY OH TT EeRU RLS BURGH SyanoD The successor of Pastor Reinhard was Pastor James Manning, a typical backwoodsman, and one of the most effective preachers of his day. He introduced English services in the face of much opposition, and argued that it was the only way to preserve Lu- theran faith in the community. He completed two pastorates in Good Hope, 1825-1839, and 1859-1864. During his first pas- torate, May 13, 1837, he orgainzed Bethel Church of Tunnel Hill. Two churches were built on the farm of Adam Kolb, the first of brick and the second of frame, the latter being removed to Wellsville after the disbandment of the congregation. ~Dur- ing the second pastorate of Pastor Manning, the large number of Democrats in the parish kept matters in a constant turmoil, for Pastor Manning was a fierce Abolitionist. Many a sermon in Good Hope was closed with a ringing peroration on the Demo- crats, who never seemed able to answer or control him. One of the members appealed to the president of the Pittsburgh Synod for relief, and a diplomatic visit was made and a. sermon preached on the virtue of bridling the tongue. After the sermon Pastor Manning made some complimentary remarks, and then launched out into one of, the fiercest political speeches of his pas- torate. At the time of Morgan’s raid many feared that his enemies would take advantage of it to have him killed, but the bravest man in the parish was Pastor James Manning. From 1869 to 1884 Good Hope passed through a trying period of isola- tion; then a parish was formed of Good Hope, St. Paul’s, and Bethel. Under this arrangement the church recovered a measure of its strength, but a second isolation, 1894-1908, led to almost irreparable loss. Since 1908 it has been connected with St. Paul’s and Wellsville. The following is a list of pastorates: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1804-1812; Rev. John Reinhard, 1812-1825; Rev. James Manning, 1825-1839; Rev. Benjamin Pope, 1839- 1843; Rev. Amos Bartholomew, 1843-1848; Rev. George Baugh- man, 1849-1850; Rev. Dennis Swaney, 1850-1853; Rev. David Sparks, 1853-1859; Rev. James Manning (second term), 1859- 1864; Rev. Jacob Singer, 1864-1869; Supplies, 1869-1878; Rev. A H. Kinnard, 1878-1882; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1884-1886; Rev. J. F. Booher, 1887-1889; Rev. Owen Reber, 1890-1893; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1896- 1897; Supplies, 1897- 1908: Rev G ue Read, 1908-1912; Rev. [ECR Rupp, 1914-. ZIONS EVANGELICAL LULHERANI(CHURCH GERMANO, HARRISON COUNTY, OHIO During the years 1802-1805 several German families settled a few miles east of Germano. Pastor Johannes Stauch visited them in 1805, and organized them into a union Lutheran and HISTORY OFS EHE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 731 Reformed congregation. It is said that he left the Spinitual medrere Oke. LIS church to two Seaman brothers, when he re- turned to his Pennsyl- vania home in the fall. When Pastor Stauch lo- cated in Ohio in 1806, this church, was’ made one of his eleven regular appointments. A log church was built on land | donated by Christophel Schaber, and the church } was generally called Iz Sochaben st JACCOLdinG Sil eee) to the written statement i Lg = of Pastor John Rein- (i hard, “the first leading <) men who built the Zion’s Church were Christophel Schaber, George Helwig, Jacob Schuss, and others. The first Church Council were Christophel Schabé1 and George Helwig. After that followed George Schuss, Jacob Beckley, Jacob Schaber Sr., Peter Heimbach, George Megsel, Jacob Lebenguth, Johannes Wagner, Andreas Flickinger, Fried- rich Druckenmiller, and Christophel Abel.” The church ground was not conveyed to the trustees of “Zion’s Lutherian and Ger- man Reformed Church” until September 19, 1838, when the heirs of Christophel Schaber executed a deed. The tract con- tained over two acres, and still holds the bodies of many of the German pioneers. Their second pastor was Rev. John Reinhard, 1812-1825, who did a great work for the congregation. . The first constitution was adopted in 1824. After short pastorates by Rev. Johannes Wagenhals and Student John Schafer, Pastor Dewalt Rothacker took charge of the church with a strong hand and built up a large congregation. At a communion service held in Zion by him, May 28, 1830, the following persons communed: Berger, Heinrich Fischer, Katharina Hilbert, Johann and wife Berger, Johann Fuss, Wilhelm Hilbert, Susanna Berger, Philip Grimm, Daniel and wife Hilbert, Daniel Berger, Jacob Grimm, ‘Sofia Hilbert, Maria Berger, George Grimm, Hanna Holsmann, Martin Berger, Peter Grimm, Abraham Holsmann, Katharina Berger, Susanna Grimm, Katharina Holsmann, Lydia Berger, Elizabetha Hahn, Jonathan Juengling, Joseph Berger, Rebecca Hahn, Johann Juengling, Jacob Druckenmiller, Marg. Hahn, Katharina Juengling, Johann Eberhard, John and wife Hahn, Alma Tuengling, Barbara Fischer, Martin Hahn. Lydia Kondo, Jeremias Fischer, Johann Heimbach, Peter and wife Kondo, Hanna Fischer, Elizabetha Heimbach, George Kondo, Margaretha 732 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Lebenguth, Jacob Sawel, Michael and wife Schuss, George Jr., and wiie Lebenguth, Christina Schaber, Jacob chuss, Sara Lebenguth, Maria Schaber, Elizabetha Stahl, Jacob Lebenguth, Rachel Schaber, Rosina Stahl, Elizabetha Meiksel, Peter Schaber, Katharina Stahl, Michael Meiksel, Susanna Schaber, Margaretha Stahl, Rachel Miller, Christina Schaber, Samuel Stahl, Rachel Riegel, Margaretha Schaber, Maria and Sara Strasbach, Peter Roths, Jacob and Michael Schaber, Rebecca Strasbach, Elizabetha Roths, Sara Anna Schmidt, Katharina Weining, Barbara Roths, George Schneider, Katharina Werle, Heinrich Roths, Elizabetha Schuss, George and wife Wilson, Katharina The Reformed withdrew in 1835 and dedicated a church in Germano, and this led the Lutherans to build and dedicate a new frame church on the old site in 1837. This building is still stand- ing in the old burial ground on the Miller farm, but was aband- oned in 1870, when a brick church was built in Germano at a cost of $9,000. This church was dedicated by Pastor J. A. Roof, July 6, 1873. Wrecked by a cyclone in 1881, it was rebuilt at a cost of $7,000, and dedicated by Pastor G. H. Gerberding, April 29, 1883. While the congregation has been steadily reduced in numbers in recent years, the spirit and faith of the fathers abide. The Miller family of Zion has sent three sons into the ministry: Charles D. Miller, D. D. Miller, and Jesse Leroy Miller. The pastorates were: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1805-1812; Rev. John Reinhard, 1812-1825; Rev. Johannes Wagenhals, 1825-1826; Student John Schafer, 1827-1828; Rev. Dewalt Rothacker, 1829- 1839; Rev. Benjamin Pope, 1839-1843; Rev. Amos Bartholo- mew, 1843-1848; Rev. George Baughman, 1849-1850; Rev. David Sparks, 1851-1858; Rev. James Manning, 1859-1864; Rev. Jacob Singer, 1864-1870; Rev. J. A. Roof, 1870-1877; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1877-1881; Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1881-1887; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1887-1890; Rev. John Shunk, 1891-1895; Rev. F. P. Cook, 1896-1909; Rev. W. L. Langhans, 1910-1913; Rev. H. K. Shanor, 1914-1919; Rev. F. C. Snyder, 1921-1925; Rev. F. Will, 1925-. GOOD HOPE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH NORTH LIMA, OHIO The first settlers of this community came from Pennsyl- vania, and built their log cabins in the wilderness as early as 1804. They were chiefly Germans, but poor early records make it hard to give a complete list of the family names. The founder of the church, as the name suggests, was Father Stauch, who is said to have conducted services here as early as 1805. The first trustees of the church were elected in 1806, and this has been accepted as the date of organization. The first catechetical class was confirmed by Pastor Stauch in the barn of Christian Seidner in 1808, but he left no record of the communion held on the same day. The only record HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD oo of baptism left by Pastor Stauch was that of the five children of Friedrich Sponseller, the oldest having been born, Decem- ber 26, 1804. On October 13, 1810, Nathanael Routseng and wife conveyed a tract of ground to Michael Dutterer, Adam Hahn, John Shanefeld, and Christopher Mentzer, trustees, “for the purpose and use of the German Lutherian and Presbyterian Societies or Congregations’, and a log church was built on this ground during that year. Although constructed of logs, it was built according to the church ideals of southern Germany, with a gallery on three sides and a high pulpit above the altar. The panel work on the front of the pulpit and galleries is said to have been very fine. It served the congregation as a place of wor- ship for sixty years. The relations between the Reformed and Lutherans in the earlier years were so cordial that the pastors asisted each other in the administration of the sacra- ment of the altar. Their first union constitution was adopted in 1813, and it is thought that this was the year when Pastor Stauch was succeeded by his pupil, Pastor Heinrich Huet. Pastor Huet served Good Hope for 36 years, often travelling on foot for thirty miles in order to meet his engagements in a parish of fourteen churches. When he died at a ripe old age, February 16, 1855, his body was laid to rest in Bethlehem cemetery at Youngstown. His successor was Pastor Samuel Baeschler, who was granted ad interim license by the Ohio Synod, May 20, 1849, in order to serve North Lima Parish. His record shows that he served a parish of six churches un- til November, 1856, when illness led him to take a rest. His successors were Rey. Gottlieb Kranz, 1857-1861, and J. F. Nuoffer, 1862-1865, but it is hard to distinguish the time of these pastorates, since the records of ministerial acts seem to intermingle. Pastor Baeschler completed a second pastor- ate here, 1869-1874, during which there was a separation of the Lutherans from the Reformed, the former building a new brick church in North Lima for $4,000. The last of the Ohio Synod pastors retired in 1881, when a call was extended to ev) SeAve). Zahneotithe Pittsburgh synod.. The’ parish united with the Pittsburgh Synod in 1884, and has been served by the pastors of that body ever since. During the pastorate of Rev. S$. L. Harkey, 1888-1891, the German language was displaced by the English. Under Pastor D. B. Stahlman a more serviceable constitution was adopted. The parsonage was built for $1,820 in 1901, and the interior of the church was renovated during the following year. Five of the sons of Good Hope have entered the ministry: H. F. Obenauf, P. E. Baisler, Ezra Houk, Aaron Houk, and S. H. Yerian. During the long pastorate of Rev. John H. Graf, 1909-1923, there was a remarkable development in the benevolent work of the 734 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD church. The pastorates in their order were: Rev. Johannes Stauch, 1806-1813; Rev. Heinrich Huet, 1813-1849; Rev. Sam- uel Baeschler, 1849-1856; Rev. Gottlieb Kranz, 1857-1861; Rev,” J. F. WNuofter; 1862-18654", Rev.) C, Al J,“Cramer,; 18652 1869; Rev. Samuel Baeschler (second term), 1869-1874; Rev. P. Raether, 1874-1881; Rev. Herman Gilbert (supply), 1881- 1882s"Rev. JA’ Ji Zahn, 882-1884; Reves Harkey 1888-1891; Rev. D. B. Stahlman, 1891-1895; Rev. William Weicksel, 1895-1899; Rev. T. F. Weiskotten, 1900-1904; Rev. G. Ay Fechner, 1904-1908 Reve". HY Grat, 190971023. Theodore Hoffmeister, 1923-. ST. PAUL’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH ANNAPOLIS, JEFFERSON COUNTY, OHIO This church was organized by Pastor John Reinhard in 1814. While the distance to “Schaber’s” was not great, and John Zim- merman, Jacob Leas and others often walked there to church, Pastor Reinhard fre- : SESS : quently held services in LE i an old log building that Ge oe oo od 5 ii : GD - WSS ew Gy ta 2G. 4 stood in the Leas ceme- ly ACTION cess ig tery, and these services C05, _ ket) ripened into a church or- \ ganization. 47 Avi tei mea church was built in An- napolis, this log church was used for a number school yy OLt.yealsynacera AA? house. The first church . erected by the Lutherans in the town is now used as ja Grange jElall; athe second was built on Main (Ba oye z i street in 1872, and is still used as a place of wor- ship. It is a plain frame building, and cost about $2,000. The German pioneers of this community came chiefly from Maryland, Vir- ginia, and Pennsylvania. Some of them were soldiers of the continental army; a few were Hessians of the English army, who preferred a home on the American frontier to a return to the Fatherland. The old grave stones of the Leas cemetery prove that they were a hardy and long-lived race. The first members of the St. Paul’s Church were the following: HISTORWORCIHEAPIVISBURGH SYNOD 735 Albaugh, Catherine Calhoun, Rebecca Schultz, Mary Baer, Catherine Cloman, Margaret Shoemaker, Jacob Baer, Susan Graden, Sophia Shoemaker, Adam Bartholomew, Alex Leas, Jacob Shoemaker, Andrew Bartholomew, Mrs. A. Leas, William Strayer, Andrew Bartholomew, Flora Miser, Henry and George Strayer, Samuel Bowers, William Mug, Mary Vance, Anna Bowers, Sarah A. Mull, Samuel Wyant, Mary E. Burchfield, Mary Myers, Samuel Zimmerman, John For a long time St. Paul’s was a part of Jewett Parish; since 1914 it has been connected with Osage and Wellsville. The pastors were: Rev. John Reinhard, 1814-1825; Rev. James Man- ning, 1825-1839; Rev. Benjamin Pope, 1839-1843; Rev. Amos Bartholomew, 1843-1848; Rev. George Baughman, 1849-1850; Rev. Dennis Swaney, 1850-1853; Rev. David Sparks, 1853-1859; Rev. James Manning (second term), 1859-1864; Rev. Jacob singer, 1664-1869; Rev. J. A. Roof, 1870-1877; Rev. D. M: Kemerer, 1877-1881; Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1881-1883; Rev. C. L. Holloway, 1884-1886; Rev. J. F. Booher, 1887-1889; Rev. Owen Reber, 1890-1893; Rev. John Shunk, 1894-1895; Rev. F. P. Cook, 1896-1909; Supplies, 1909-1914; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1914-. eo hhh OP ON LEW is eV Nee RAN COU RCH NEW ROMLEY, HARRISON COUNTY, OHIO The oldest records of this church are dated, July 26, 1829, but mention is made of Romley Church in the minutes of the Ohio Synod as early as 1826. How much earlier than 1826 the church was organized cannot be told, but the fact that Pastor Johannes Wagenhals reported it as ps one of his churches in @S2eq CEN ee eNews 1826 leads us to think i ao that he was its founder in that year. According to the synodical record, mvViraweochater: esupplied pelaber sun andy oniley.,, 1827-1828, and was or- dained by the Ohio Syn- od a few years later. Rev. Dewalt Rothacker accepted a call to the par- ae ok ish, July 26, 1829, and aut served with much success cers for ten years. ‘The or- — aE sores Paiization Oi eLs arsit, Ort Wagenhals was a union e 736 HISTORY (OF HE (PITTSBURGH SYNOD church, whose first constitution was adopted, April 26, 1834, when the following were classed as members: Dumfrey, Rebecca Kimmel, Adam - Renecker, Daniel and wife Erbaugh, James Kimmel, Sofia Renecker, Lydia Erbaugh, John and wife Knauff, John and wife Sawvel, Rebecca Fischer, Esther Knopf, Peter and wife Schilling, Jacob Gibler, Katharina Knopf, Jacob and wife Schilling, Christian Gibler, Elizabetha Little, Christina Shambaugh, Christian Gottschalk, Jos. and wife Long, Samuel and wife Shawber, John Gottschalk, Jonas and wife Long, Elizabetha Sheafer, Jacob and wife Gutry, William and wife Manbeck, Margaret Sheafer, John and wife Hendricks, Mary A. Markley, David and wife Sheafer, George and wife Hespelhorn, John and wife Meinerd, John and wife Shearer, Elizabetha Kimmel, John and wite Meinerd, John Jr., and wife Sneary, Jacob and wife Kimmel, Frederick and wife Renecker, Lydia A. Trusdill, John Kimmel, David Renecker, John and wife Trusdill, Mrs. John Since there were but four Reformed families in the church, a meeting was held, August 27, 1847, at which it was unanimously agreed to reorganize as “St. Bartholomew’s Evangelical Lu- theran Church.” A petition to the legislature was adopted, ask- ing that the charter of the union church be repealed, and a new charter granted to St. Bartholomew’s. The fact that Rev. Amos Bartholomew was pastor at the time may have had something to do with the new name. The constitution recommended by the Ohio Synod was then adopted. The first officers of the new organization were John Erbaugh, Elias Lowmiller, Joseph Gottschalk, Samuel Shearer, Isaac Simmons, John Erbaugh Jr., and Jonathan Kimmel. The corner stone of a brick church was laid by Pastor Bartholomew during the same year, but the build- ing was not finished until August 10, 1879, when it was dedicated by Pastor D. M. Kemerer. Repairs were made at the time of the dedication at a cost of $1,000, which included a tower and bell. The parish of Pastor Rothacker in 1829 included Schaber’s, Romley, Centerville, Hersch, Sandyville, and Waynesburg; but the parish admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1872 consisted of Jewett, Germano, and New Romley. The congregation has never numbered more than 90 members, the enrollment in 1919 being 44. General George Armstrong Custer of Indian fighting fame was born in this parish, and was a frequent attendant at church with the young men of his age. He was highly esteemed by the members of the congregation. The pastors were: Rev. Johannes Wagenhals, 1826; Student John Schafer, 1827-1828; Rev. Dewalt Rothacker, 1829-1839; Rev. Benjamin Pope, 1839- 1843; Rev. Amos Bartholomew, 1843-1848; Rev. George Baugh- man, 1849-1850; Rev. David Sparks, 1851-1858; Rev. Henry Acker, 1858-1865; Rev. J. M. Long, 1866-1868; Rev. J. A. Roof, 1869-1876; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1877- 1881; Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1881- 1887; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1887- 1891; Rev. John Shunk, 1891-1895 : Rev. F. P. Cook, 1896-1909; Rev. W. L,. Langhans, 1910-1913: Rev. H. K. Shanor, 1914-1919: Rev. F.C. Snyder,.1921-1925* Rev. F:- 1. Willy 1925-. HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 737 PARADISE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH NEW BUFFALO, MAHONING COUNTY, OHIO About the year 1848 Pastor F. C. Becker of Lordstown began to hold services on Paradise Hill. A union Reformed and Lutheran Church was organized in 1849, and plans were adopted for the building of a church. On December 27, 1849, Candidate Samuel Baeschler was given permission to serve the newly established congregation. ‘The corner stone of a church was laid by Pastor Becker, August 28, 1849, and the building was dedicated by Pastor Baeschler, May 9, 1850. It was a small frame building, painted white, with two entrances on the west side. The pews were divided by a central parti- tion, the men sitting on one side and the women on the other. All services in this church were conducted in German, alter- nating between Reformed and Lutheran. On Sunday morn- ing, May 1, 1881, as the Reformed were preparing for serv- ices, the church was burned to the foundation. After this loss the Lutherans decided to rebuild in New Buffalo, where ground for church and burial purposes was donated by Frank Beard. The kind donor was not permitted to worship in the new church, for his body was laid to rest in the new burial ground while the church was yet unfinished. The building was dedicated by Pastor J. A. J. Zahn in 1882, and given a thorough renovation during the pastorate of Rev. D. B.. Stahl- man. The history of the congregation has been one of con- stant struggle amid trying conditions. Located in a rural community, with never more than 80 members, it has been difficult to repair the loss of continuous removal to the cities. The following pastors: have served here: Rev. F. C. Becker, 1849; Rev. Samuel Baeschler, 1849-1856; Rev. Gottlieb Kranz, Beil oole teh Cvs es) eho a Niuofrers186241865,., Rev, ‘CosA.~). Cramer, 1865-1869; Rev. Samuel Baeschler (second term) 186951874; ‘Rev. P. Raether, 1874-1881; Rev. J. A. J. Zahn, soc sloose Severo. Pankey) Wa 1ese-1S0lt Reve DyaB.: . Stahlman, 1891-1895; Rev. William Weicksel, 1895-1899; Rev. T. F. Weiskotten, 1900-1904; Rev. G. A. Fechner, 1904-1908; Rev. J. H. Graf, 1909-1923; Rev. Theodore Hoffmeister, 1923-. ST. JAMES EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH JEWETT, OHIO The organization of St. James was due to members of Zion and St. Bartholomew’s living in Jewett and the vicinity, who desired a more convenient place of worship. Pastor Henry Acker organized the congregation in 1859 with the following members: 738 HISTORY?) ObeTH BPI DDS BURGH S Not) Arbaugh, Levi Lucas, Mrs. Mary Schuss, George and wife Arbaugh, John Mikesell, Jos. and wife Schuss, John and wife Arbaugh, J. J. and wife Mikesell, Daniel Schuss, George, Jr. Bloomis, William Nupp, Simon Shambaugh, Mrs. Maria Bloomis, Mrs. William Nupp, Mrs. Henry Shambaugh, Mrs. Catherine Bushy, Mrs. Sarah Orr, Mrs. Sarah Simmons, Isaac and wife Hazlett, Mrs. D. Ort, “Mrs. Lavinia Simmons, George and wife Hoobler, Isaac and wife Reid, Benjamin and wife Simmons, Uriah Hoobler, Emanuel and wife Ridenour, Mrs. Elizabeth Simmons, William, Jr. Horner, Mrs. Sarah Schilling, Jacob and wife Simmons, Margaret Kimmel, Mrs. Susanna Schilling, Eli and wife Stahl, John and wife Laughlin, Mrs. James Schilling, Martin and wife Stahl, George and wife Lucas, Mrs. Thomas Schilling, Frank Stahl, George, Jr. Church ground was donated by John Stahl, and a frame church was erected and dedicated early in the pastorate of Rev. Henry Acker. This building served as a place of worship until 1879, when it was sold and a new church built. This second church was erected on the same site in Gothic style, 36x64, with a corner tower and bell owand= ¥cost pore: The corner stone was laid), Way (12 aels79-sand the church dédicatedsapy, Pastor D. M. Kemerer, August 31, 1879, while the Pittsburgh Synod was in session here. ‘The congregation then num- bered 108 members. Un- der” the” leadérshipasar Ke oye Pastor Hy) Kem Shana a | the building was veneer- ed with brick and stone at a cost of $4,500. The repairs included the reconstruction of the tower, the building of a substantial retaining wall along the street, and the enlarging and remodelling of the chancel. The service of rededication was held, December 6, 1914, when the pastor was assisted by Rev. D. M.. Kemerer.. The parsonage was built in 1889 at+a cost of $1,850. St. James Church is proud of the fact that in this par- ish Doctor G. H. Gerberding wrote his Lutheran classic, ‘The Way of Salvation.” The congregation was connected with the Ohio Synod until August 23, 1873, when the four congregations of Fairview Parish were received with Pastor J. A. Roof into the Pittsburgh Synod. A consecutive list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. Henry Acker, 1859-1866; Rev. J. M. Long, 1866- 1868; Rev. J..A. Roof, 1869-1876; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1877- 1881; Rev. G. H. Gerberding, 1881-1887; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, His lORWCOR DHE PITISBURGH SYNOD 739 D.D., 1887-1891; Rev. John Shunk, 1891-1895; Rev. F. P. Cook, 1896-1909; Rev. W. S. Langhans, 1910-1913; Rev. H. K. Shanor, 1914-1920: Rev. F. C. Snyder, 1921-1925; Rev. F. L,., Will, 1925-. SOE Oe ANGE ICAL sh UW LHERANSCHURCH FAS IEIVERPOOL, OHIO When Rev. John G. Pfuhl became pastor of the Steuben- ville-Bridgewater Mission of the Pittsburgh Synod in Sep- tember, 1862, his attention was drawn to East Liverpool by Doctor W. A. Passavant. Here he succeeded in organizing a mission church of thirty-six members in May, 1863. Among the original members, whose names can now be recalled, were the following: Dietrich, Mrs. Caroline Mantz, Katharina Udick, Heinrich Dietz, Henry, Sr. ' Mast, Johann Waechter, George Erbsen, Wilhelm Mueller, Andreas Weibel, Mrs. Johann Fleutke, Wilhelm and wife Nagel, Friedrich Wohlmacher, Johann Fritz, Johann Nagel, Mrs. Auguste Wohlmacher, Mrs. Johann Greutzebach, Friedrich Paternoster, August Wucherer, Gottlob Greutzebach, Mrs. Fried Schroeder, Philip Wucherer, Karl Kleinlagel, Mrs. Auguste Trautmann, Peter Wucherer, Sophie A good building lot was secured at a cost of $50, on which a small brick church, 25x35, was erected. The corner stone was laid, August 3, 1867, and the building dedicated by Pastor Ewald Giese, October 27, 1867. At the time of this dedication the membership had been reduced to twenty. Pas- tor Giese prepared an excellent constitution, which has been been preserved as the law of the congregation to the present day. A charter was secured, February 3, 1868, but this was replaced by another, April 16, 1886. After the resignation of Dacron Gicse, pulyeleml ooo. snheva ©.)..oteinbach served {rom 1sGceato LOO wands Reva [ohne Kritz frommds70 “ton 1872. For the next nine years the mission maintained a precarious existence, subsisting chiefly on supplies. The officers of the congregation determined to close the doors of the church in 1881 on account of hard times; but better counsels prevailed, and Rev. Gustav Schultz served the congregation in connec- tion with St. Paul’s of New Castle from October 1, 1882, to October 1, 1884. After another short experiment with sup- ples, Rev. John Gottfried Reinartz was called, and became the regular pastor immediately after his ordination, June 29, 1886. While he could find but twenty-four of the reported members, the little brick church was soon overcrowded with worshippers. Fire almost wrecked their church on the day before Easter, 1887, but the repairs were quickly made as the work moved forward. A substantial parsonage was also erected. From 1887 to 1899 Wall Rose was connected with 740 HISTORY-OF THE’ PLPPSBURGH*SY NOD East Liverpool, in order that a proper salary might be given to the pastor; after the separation of the two churches mis- sion aid was continued to St. John’s until 1906, when the con- gregation of 180 members assumed self-support. ‘The corner stone of the present church was laid, July 19, 1896, and the building dedicated by Pastor Reinartz, November 29, 1896. It was built of brick and trimmed with Berea stone, with a cross crowned steeple 110 feet high, at a cost of $10,000. The Sunday School room was remodelled for graded work in 1921, and the exterior of the building was encased in stucco in 1923, at a total cost of $10,000. The hazardous work on the tower and gold cross was done by skilled workmen from Dallas, Texas. ‘The service of rededication was conducted by Pastor Reinartz, November 4, 1923. An adjoining lot on Third Street was bought in 1904, on which it is proposed to build a parish house. The following is a list of the regular pastorates: Rev. Je-Ge Piuhly 1863-18655 Rev. Bab aGieses 186621663 shovels Steinbach, 1868-1870; Rev. John Fritz, 1870-1872; Supplies, 1872-1877; Rev. Michael Kuchler, 1877-1878; Supplies, 1878- 1882; Rev. Gustav Schultz, 1882-1884, Supplies, 1885-1886; Rev. sGmRemarty 1). Desloco- oT JOHNS EVANGELICAL EU THE RAINS CLIUTR GE MARTINS FERRY, OHIO Little is known of the early history of St. John’s Church, except that it was regularly organized by Pastor Friedrich in 1864 in the United Presbyterian Church. Among the char- ter members were Henry Helling, Louise Meyers, Fred Knapp, Charles Schwartz, August Rothermund, Jacob Braun, Charles Seabright, William Otte, and Henry Floto. Prior to this time the Lutherans of the community attended church services in Wheeling. Their first church building was erected and dedicated in 1867. When Rev. John Fritz was com- missioned as pastor of the Steubenville Mission in 1870, he was asked by the Pittsburgh Synod to give attention to this field. He found a congregation of forty members, and served it from October 1, 1870, to August 17, 1875, building up a suc- cessful German church of more than one hundred members. In his early days, Pastor Fritz was a missionary in the Holy Land, where he lost an arm in the service of the Christ. He married one’ of the members of St. John’s, and did much to establish order and system in the congregation. His suc- cessors for a period of twenty years were pastors of the Joint Synod of Ohio. During this period the present church was dedicated by Pastor P. G. Doepkin. The’ next Pittsburgh HISTORYOR-THE-PITTSBURGH SYNOD 741 Synod pastor was Rev. Paul Kummer, who gave faithful serv- ice from 1895 to 1901. During his pastorate a dissatisfaction arose in the congregation, which resulted in the organization of Zion Church. All the successors of Pastor Kummer have been pastors of the Pittsburgh Synod. Pastor George Jo- hannes served from 1901 to 1914, during which the church was thoroughly renovated, the service of rededication being held, September 18, 1910. The next pastor was Rev. C. Frederick Frank, through whose efforts a large three-manual pipe or- gan was installed at a cost of $4,650. This fine instrument was dedicated, November 25, 1917. Pastor Frank also intro- duced the German liturgy of the. General Council. His suc- cessor was Rev. Herman K. Dietrich, who began his work, July 1, 1919, and succeeded in building up the congregation from 135 to 300 members within four years. St. John’s has a Sunday School of 282 members, a Senior and Junior Luther League, a Women’s Missionary Society and a Sewing Circle, all of which are strong and efficient auxiliaries. German services are held onthe first and third Sundays of each month; all other services are conducted in English. The fol- lowing is an approximate list of the pastorates: Rev. Fried- rich, Rev. William H. Berkemeier, Rev. Oestermeier and Rev. Waliers, 1864-1870; Rev. John Fritz, 1870-1875; Rev. Becker, 1875-1876; Rev. H. Kunkel, 1876; Rev. Julius Koehler, 1877; Rev. G. H. Schodde, 1878-1880; Rev. P. G. Doepkin, 1881- 1894; Rev. Paul Kummer, 1895-1901; Rev. George Johannes, 1901-1914; Rev. C. F. Frank, 1915-1919; Rev. H. K. Dietrich, LOIO?. Sew OE VANGEEIGAlZ CU DAE RAN CHURC EL WARREN, OHIO About the year 1858 a German Evangelical Church was organized in this community, in which a number of Lutherans were interested. None of the records of this organization can be found and little can be said of it. On Monday, Septem- ber 7, 1868, the Lutherans met in Daniel Bischof’s Hall, and decided to organize a separate congregation, and incorporate as the “German Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul’s Church of Warren, Ohio”. Henry Bohl was president, and August Dietz secretary of this meeting. The following’ officers were elected iuliis Jiline. andi George, Schall; elders; | Johann Baehr and Ludwig Ripper, deacons; and John Buchsteiner, Friedrich Brautigam, George Clement, Friedrich Scheller, and Michael Goelz, trustees. The constitution was adopted, Sep- tember. 15, 1868, and revised; October. .23,..18/70. A. frame 742 HISTOR YOR “PER Pin top UR GH toy Ne) church was built on South Vine street at ‘a cost of $2,500, which was dedicated by Pastors Meiser, Schulze, and Becker, May 8, 1870. Among those who subscribed to the building fund were the following: Baehr, Johann Friedrich, Wilhelm Meier, Friedrich Balzer, Philip Gaertner, Philip (2) Mex, Adam Beck, Philip Gaertner, Peter Michael, Wilhelm Bischof, Daniel Geis, E. Mies, Henry Blessing, Leonard Goelz, Michael Mueller, Gottlob Bohl, Henry Goering, Theodore Raufle, Ludwig Brautigam, Friedrich Goering, B. Reizel, Michael Buchsteiner, John Grimm, Michael Rebhan, John Christianer, H. Hauk, John Ripper, Ludwig Clement, John Herrlinger, David (2) Scheller, Friedrich Clement, George Hoehmann, G. Schall, "George Daterhel, Peter Illing, Julius Sch all. Lucas Dietz, Jacob Kayser, Carl Schilling, Wilhelm Dietz, August Klingensmith, Fr. Schilling, George Dietz, John Koch, John Tobin, Samuel Dietz, George Laemle, Jacob Uhl, John (2) Feher, Michael Long, |. Voit, Ludwig Filger, Mrs. Susanna Martin, John Weber, Heinrich Fischer, Christian Meck, Wilhelm Wolf, Anton Pastors of the Joint Synod of Ohio ministered to this church from the time of its organization to the close of the pastorate of Rev. W. L. Busch, March 29, 1908. On that day a committee was appointed and instructed to canvas the sen- timent of the congregation on the question of synodical rela- tions. A few days later this committee reported that the general sentiment was that St. Paul’s neither could nor would remain in the Ohio Synod. It is said that one of the reasons for this was the refusal of some of the Ohio Synod pastors to administer the sacrament to members of secret orders. The congregation then turned toward the Pittsburgh Synod for a pastor, and a call was extended to Pastor Julius John Neu- doerffer. In order to effect this transition, the congregation adopted the constitution recommended by the General Coun- cil, July 19, 1908. The church was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod during the same year, and united with Struthers to form a mission parish. This arrangement was not satisfac- tory, and the relationship was dissolved in 1909, when Warren became a self-sustaining parish. Under the new order the congregation prospered, and was able to report a membership of 243 in 1923. St. Paul’s was organized as a German congre- gation, and English services were unknown until 1887, when Pastor H. J. Reimann held two evening services a month. At the beginning of the pastorate of Rev. J. A. Frischkorn in 1911, one-half of the services were held in German; at the close of the same pastorate all German had been eliminated. The Vine street property, including both parsonage and church, was sold for $28,500, December 9, 1918, and a new site on the corner of Vine and High streets, 110x146, bought for $12,500, April 11, 1919; but the congregation was divided on the question of rebuilding, and their old church was occupied HiIsTORY.OF THE PLETSBURGH SYNOD 743 at a heavy rental for a period of four years before they were able to build and dedicate the present church. The corner stone of the new church was laid, November 6, 1921, and the building dedicated by Pastor C. Krauth Spiggle, September 17, 1922. The dedicatory sermons were preached by Doctor C. P. MacLaughlin and Rev. Theodore Buch. This church was built of tapestry brick and art stone, 42x70, and so con- structed that a larger church may be joined. - The interior was furnished according to Lutheran ideals, and is well equipped for service. The valuation of the fine plant is fixed at $65,000, on which a debt of $13,000 remained after the ded- ication. ‘The pastors of St. Paul’s have served in the follow- ing order: Supplies, 1868-1870; Rev. J. C. Schulze, 1870; Rev. WeeBaucti me is/leis8/oy-Revs Karlesehmidt, 1876-1877; Reve H: A. Schmidt, 1878-1879; Rev. P. G. Doepkin, 1880-1881; Rev. K. L. T. Engers, 1881-1884; Rev. H. J. Reimann, 1884-1888; Rev. Butz, 1888-1892; Rev. W. L. Busch, 1893-1898; Rev. A. C. schiff, 1898-1900; Rev. J. E. Harman, 1901-1902; Rev. W. L. Busch (second term), 1902-1908; Rev. J. J. Neudoerffer, 1908- LOU eRevin)| eA. -brischkorn, 1911-19167) Réve EF. ‘Ce snyder, IU 1970 Rev Cake opiccle 1921-1923] Rev; Di CeBuraite, 1924-1925; Rev. C. E. Held, 1926-. Se OLIN Ser VeANGH ICAL LUE HERAN: CHURCH TEE LONIAZGOHI® St. John’s is a child of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Columbiana. When the Lutherans and Reformed of Colum- biana dissolved their union church in 1869, those Lutherans living west of Columbiana decided to organize a congregation in Leetonia. The organization was effected by Pastor Samuel Baeschler, November 25, 1869, when a constitution was adopted and signed by the following men: Baeschler, Samuel Guenther, Frank Lenz, Johann F. Beilharz, John Kleinknecht, Gottlieb Rothfuss, David Fellnagel, Fred Kuegele, Frederick Stockburger, Andreas Flothing, William Kuegele, Jacob Wather, C. The first services were held in a rented hall and a neigh- borinewerove.s = An ideal) sitesforea church was secured) in - Leetonia, and building plans were made. The corner stone of the church was laid in 1869, and the completed building dedicated by Pastor Baeschler in 1870. ‘This church was 33x45 in size, with an end gallery and a well proportioned steeple. The congregation has been served during the course of the years by pastors of the Joint Synod of Ohio, the Synod of North America, the Immanuel Synod, the Ministerium of New York, the Missouri Synod and the Pittsburgh Synod. 744 HISTORY: OF “THE (PITTSBURGHYSYNOD The first of the Pittsburgh Synod pastors was Rev. T. F. Weiskotten, but the church was led into the fellowship of the synod by Rev. John H. Graf in 1917. It was organized as a German Church, and German was retained in the public serv- ices until 1914, when it gave way to the English. A parochial school was opened by Pastor H. FE. Stuehm of the Missouri Synod in 1899, but this was soon discontinued. During the pastorate of Rev. EF. R. Gillman, 1906-1909, a Sunday School room was added to the church; and in more recent years many improvements have been made to the property. While St. John’s has suffered the loss of many faithful members in recent years, love for the mother church has prompted those who remain to redouble their efforts in advancing the work. A proposition was made to merge with St. Paul’s in 1921, but the effort failed. The pastors of St. John’s have served in the folowing order: Rev. Samuel Baeschler, 1869-1874; Rev. M. Lauffer, 1874-1876; Rev. Henry Voegele, 1877-1878; Rev. Abraham Miller, 1880-1888; Rev. Achilles, 1888-1889; Sup- plies; from Salem, 1889-1895; Rev. J. H. Lindemeyer, 1895- 1898; Rev. H. E. Stuehm, 1898-1902; Rev. T. F. Weiskotten, 1903-1904; Student J. H. Graf (supply), 1904-1905; Rev. J. H. Graf, 1905-1906; Rev. E. R. Gillman, 1906-1909; Rev. J. H. Graf (second term), 1909-1923; Rev. Theodore Hoffmeister, 1923-. GRACES EVANGELICAL VLU TEE RANG GEE hiG rt YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO The beginnings of Grace Church are found in a humble mission, established by Pastor Samuel Baeschler in 1872. When his large Mahoning Parish was divided in 1872, he moved to Youngstown and began mission work in the English language. His first place of meeting was Martin Luther Church, but this was soon changed to the Reading Room Hall on Federal street. For a short time the parish of Pastor Baeschler, consisted of Youngstown and two other congregations, but this was divided in 1874, and he continued to serve Youngstown alone until 1877. His successor was Rev. FE. J. Meissner, who served from 1877 to 1887. A Sunday School was organized in 1878, Mr. F. Arnold serving as the first superintendent. During the summer of the same year a provisional constitution was adopted, in which the name Grace was assumed. ‘The trustees elected under this con- stitution were F. A. Kaercher, Henry Wendler, and Louis J. Bergman. Among the members of Grace Church, whose names appear on the earlier records, were the following: HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 745 Baughman, Henry and wife Gessman, G. D. and wife Krepssule «5. Bergman, A J. and wife Haid, Joseph and John Parks, Charles Beard, Henry and wiie Henry, 1s Ritter, Eugene and wife Bierdemann, Gustav Hinkle, A. W. Sederland, Charles Bierdemann, I[uther Hofus, Aaron and wife Smith, H. W. and wife Bierdemann, Paul Kaercher, F. A. and wife Stoyer, B. Bierdemann, Nettie Kaercher, Hezekiah Wendler, Henry and wife Condor, John Kaercher, Chauncey Wendler, George H The hall soon proved an undesirable place of meeting, and steps were taken in 1880 to build a church. On March 20, 1881, a lot on the corner of Wood street and Belmont avenue was bought for $500, and a legal charter was secured, October 25, 1881. The corner stone was laid, June 19, 1881, and the church dedicated, March 11, 1882. ‘The cost of this church was about $5,000. By congregational resolution, May 1, 1887, Grace Church sought admission to the Pittsburgh Synod. While it was admitted as a weak mission, it soon developed into a strong self- sustaining parish. During the pastorate of Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1877-1887, the parish consisted of Youngstown, Girard, and Boardman. ‘The third pastorate was that of Rev. Homer W. Tope, 1888-1895, during which “the little church around the corner’ became one of the most attractive places of worship in the city. The energetic pastor added 793 members to the congre- gation within seven years, but many fell away owing to imperfect catechetical methods. A frame parsonage was also secured at a cost of $1,260 during this period, the Ladies Aid Society taking care of all deferred payments. The fourth pastor was Rev. Alpheus D. Potts, Ph.D., whose scholarly preaching was very pleasing to the congrega- tion, but the pastorate was closed by ill health 2 Fos within less than one year. The fifth pastor was Rev. Jesse Leroy Miller, DHOR avo wa'c cle p tled Grace Church as his first parish, August 1, 1897. Because of the location Ore tmenchurchwnear sthe noisy railroad center of the city, he soon learned that a relocation was im- perative. The chief ob- stacle in the way of this relocation was the mort- gage resting on the old ChurchseeebuL ethisnmwas burned at a _ congrega- tional meeting, May 30, 746 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 1898, and plans were begun for a better church. The old church and parsonage were sold to the Electric Light Company for, $6,000, and the Claybourne property on West Rayen avenue was bought for $5,500, March 3, 1901. The corner stone of the sec- ond church was laid, August 10, 1902, and the building dedicated by Pastor Miller, September 6, 1903. The dedicatory sermons were preached by Doctors F. W. FE. Peschau and I. O. Baker. This church was constructed of brick and stone at a cost of $25,500, and the entire cost was paid within eight years. During the course of this pastorate the congregation has grown in its ap- preciation of Lutheran order, while the confirmed membership has increased to 791. At the silver anniversary of Doctor Miller in 1922, he could report that 1147 new members had been added to the congregation during his twenty-five years of service, and that $34,000 had been contributed to benevolence and $85,300 to local objects during the same period. A consecutive list of pas- torates is as follows: Rev. Samuel Baeschler, 1872-1877; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1877-1887; Rev. H. W. Tope, D.D., 1888-1895 ; Rev. A. D® Potts, Ph.D';s 1896-1897- Rev.) Lo Milleranpse 1897-. ZION’S, EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH MARTINS EE RRA OHIO Zion’s Church was organized by members of St. John’s in 1896, after mission work had been conducted by pastors of the Joint Synod of Ohio for nearly two years. The nine original members were George Dorsch, C. L. Dorsch, F. H. Daums, Lena Daums, Elizabeth Dorsch, Mr. Real, Louis Rothermel, and Theodore Myers. While Pastor Schuh was active in the mission work that preceded the organization, the first regular pastor was Rev. William H. Oelschlager, who served from 1896 to 1900. During his pastorate a lot on North Fifth street was bought for $1,000, and a building fund gath- ered for the erection of a church. This church cost about $2,800 in money, but labor and materials to the value of $2,000 were donated. It was dedicated by Pastor Benjamin F. Schillinger on Cantate Sunday of 1901. The first services were held in German, but this gradually gave way to English. Pastor Schillinger remained with the congregation from 1900 to 1916, but there was so little development during this period that difficulty was experienced in securing his successor. For two years the parish was vacant, except for a student supply in the summer of 1917. In 1918 the Immigrant Mission Board entered into negotiations with the trustees, with the result that the Zion Church was federated with the St. Peter and HIS LORY, ORVLHE (PITTSBURGH SYNOD 747 St. Paul Hungarian Church, March 23, 1919 to form the pres- ent English-Hungarian congregation. The last named had been served for a short time as a Hungarian mission by Pas- tor Julius Csernecky of the Pittsburgh Synod. The new or- ganization numbered 38 English and 27 Hungarian members at the beginning, and retained the name of Zion. Rev. Joseph Korntheuer was secured as pastor, since he could officiate acceptably in Hungariaa, German, and English. A missionary appropriation of $600 was made in 1919 for the support of the pastor, but this was gradually reduced so that the parish became self-sustaining in 1924. The release oi the congre- gation from the Joint Synod of Ohio to the Pittsburgh Synod was secured in 1919 by the payment of $500 to the first named. During this pastorate improvements were made to the prop- erty at a cost of $1,000, but disintegration then set in, and the congregation disbanded in 1925. A consecutive list of the pas- torates is aS follows: Rev. W. H. Oelschlager, 1896-1900; Rev. B. F. Schillinger, 1900-1916; Vacant, 1916-1918; Rev. Joseph Korntheuer, 1919-1925. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH BRIDGEPORT, OHIO The founders of this congregation were nembers of the German Lutheran Church of Bridgeport, who believed that more English services should be provided foi their children. Miss Dora Heinlein was the leading spirit of aa English Luth- eran Sunday School, which held its first session in Heinlein Hall, January 10, 1897. President J. C. Kutzmann of the Pittsburgh Synod then visited the field, and tred to persuade the German Church to make some provision fa English serv- ices; but, when he failed in this mission of unty, the organi- zation of an English congregation became inperative. Rev. F. W. Kohler visited the field two weeks late, but the time was not yet ripe for an organization. The Surday School was continued under the care of Albert Young, ard Student John A. Frischkorn conducted services for them. The congrega- tion was organized by Rev. F. W. Kohler witi eighteen mem- bers, July 19, 1897. This number was incr:ased to thirty- three within a short time. The names follow: Baggs, Warren Eberle, Mrs. J. A. Kehnlein, Minnie Baggs, Mrs. Mary Eberle, Dora Kaatz, Mrs. Dora Burt, Edward T. Eberle, Edward Mhlmann, Carrie (shone Wiles, 1a, 4b. Eberle, Louis F. Myer, Minnie Cline, Wilson Eberle, Adam, Jr. Meyer, Emma Cline, Mrs. Emma Glass, Dora Miller, Dora Cline, Mrs. Mary Heinlein, Jacob A. Otsch, Margaret Cook, Mary Heinlein, .Dora Siepp, Mrs. Catherine Cook, Radie Hildebrand, Ottoman Svingle, Annie Duke, Mrs. Amelia Koch, Katie | Ziles, Peter Ehni, Katie Koch, Mrs. Barbara | Ziles, Mrs. Matilda 748 HISTORY OF *HE PITTSBURGH SYNOD The first regular pastor was Rev. Ernest O. Graham, who served from October 15, 1897, to February 27, 1901. During all this time the services were held in Heinlein Hall, but there was a steady development in the congregation. A Ladies’ Aid Society was organized in 1897, with Mrs. Mary Baggs as president. ‘Twenty-five years later Mrs. Baggs still held this important office. The second pastorate was that of Rev. Adam C. Sumons, 1901-1908, during which the present church property was secured. This property at the time of the pur- chase consisted of a corner lot improved with a good resi- dence. On the rear of this lot a brick church was dedicated by Pastor Sumons, May 14, 1905. While the development of Trinity has been comparatively slow, it has always included a splendid class of people. The vested choir, under the lead- ership of George C. Meister, is regarded as one of the best in the synod. One of the pastors*of Trinity, Rev. Robert G. Rosenbaum, died in the service of the parish. He conducted the chief setvice as usual on Sunday morning, August 31, 1919, and was\suddenly called to his reward during the same afternoon. The following is a list of the regular pastorates: Rev. E. O. Graham, 1897-1901; Rev. A. C. Sumons, 1901-1908 ; Reva Gee Auee. 1908-1909; Rev. D. P. T. Crickenberger, 1909-1917; Rey R. G. Rosenbaum, 1918-1919; Rev. W. L. Winner, 1921-123 ; Rev. E. P. Windman, 1923-. | | GRACE EYANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH || CONNEAUT, OHIO \ \ Grace Chutch was organized with twenty-six members, May 31, 1901. Prior to that time, services were heldiinj City Hallvand other places; by sPastors- Gu Aw Benzene and F. C. Obedy. The first church officers were: George Clauss, HermanWrasse, George Walters, Fred Eckert, Frank Hoffman, and Clarles Van Horn. The congregation was ad- mitted to the Pttsburgh Synod in 1901, and granted a mis- sionary approprrtion of $400. During the summer of 1901 Student Henry o the Philadelphia Seminary did helpful work Peter Riffer did similar service in the sum- ber 20, 1902, anq bought a lot on the corner of State and Sandusky streets|ten days later. Rev. Charles E. Blethen then became pastbr and worked faithfully in the building of a small brick church, but was not privileged to see it dedi- cated. After his resignation, May 26, 1907, the parish re- mained vacant for two years, during which the congregation HISTORY. OF: THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 749 scarcely maintained an existence. Rev. J. C. F. Rupp became pastor in 1909, and did much to encourage the people during a pastorate of five years. A good roof was placed on the church, and the theatre chairs were replaced by pews. During the pastorate of Rev. Paul I. Morentz, 1915-1917, the base- ment of the church was completed and equipped for Sunday School work. The church was dedicated by Pastor Morentz, May 23, 1916, during a meeting of the Erie Conference. The next pastor was Rev. Frank P. Welkner, who’ took charge immediately after his ordination, June 22, 1918. St. John’s Church of Girard was then added to the parish. A consecu- tive ‘list fof the pastorates is as’ follows Rev. I.-H. Stetler, 1902-1903; Rev. C. FE. Blethen, 1903-1907; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1909-1914; Rev. P. I. Morentz, 1915-1917; Rev. F. P. Welkner, 1918-. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WELLSVILLE, OHIO The first Lutheran service was held in Wellsville, June 28, 1908, and the organization of Zion Church effected, July 22, 1908. The first constitution was adopted, December 13, 1908, and the charter obtained, January 25, 1909. A building lot on Fifteenth street was bought for $700 in 1909, on which the frame church of the disbanded Yellow Creek congregation was Poo imemate ae © COSt Lot $2,100. This building was rededicated by Pas- tOEpCeety Wweadvass Zicn Ginnrany january sll) Lollies astors’ sReimartz; eneVvitiler Sand’ Dh Ma Kemerer assisting in the service. The old building a was donated by the sur- : viving members of the Yellow Creek congrega- Hong arly Culp sel rs: McClain, and Mrs. Mc- Intosh, and their gener- osity was commended by the synod. Zion Church of Wellsville is therefore a restoration of Bethel Church of Yellow Creek, @icanizedu by; east Ger IO | PEN. = —: =, Q = ne ve yo = ee go — SY. SS 750 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD James Manning in 1837, although it never received any of the former members of Bethel into its membership. From 1908 to 1912 Wellsville and Osage constituted a parish; after 1914 the St. Paul’s Church of Annapolis was added to the parish. Zion Church is not planted in what might be called congenial soil, but is a healthy plant and will grow in strength with the years. A list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. C. E. Read, 1908-1912; Rev. J. C. F. Rupp, 1914-. FIRST; HUNGARTANV EVAN? LUGHERAN? GHG Gr CUE VAAN De OHMIO The largest Hungarian colony of America is found in the city of Cleveland. Many of these Hungarians were Lutherans, who were anxious for the organization of a congrega- tion. About 31 families met in one of the social clubs, October 9, 1905, under the leadership of M. Toth, L. Toth, and George Dombi, and resolved to appeal to the Bishop of Hungary for a pastor. Although the appeal was unanswered, they continued to meet for worship on Sundays, singing the old familiar songs and being served by Rev. Julius Csernecky. Their prayers were answered in September, 1907, when Pastor Stephen Ruzsa ap- peared in their midst, and began a long and fruitful pastorate of sixteen years. To him belongs the real credit for the organiza- tion of the congregation and its rapid development into a strong self-sustaining church. Under his guidance a church and parish house were bought for $8,200, the church being dedicated on the first Sunday of December, 1907. Normal church life began on that day. In 1913 a good brick building was erected at a cost of $12,000, which served as the first Hungarian Lutheran Orphanage of America for a period of six years. Because of inability to secure the needed financial assistanee, Pastor Ruzsa was compelled to close this house of mercy, and it is now used for general church purposes. Pastor Ruzsa was succeeded by his brother, Pastor Ladislaus Ruzsa, May 1, 1923, under whose leadership there has been a large development in the parish. The congregation now numbers 300 contributing members, and has a Young Peo- ples’ Society of 125 members. This pastor also organized the First Hungarian Lutheran Church of Akron in 1922, which was later placed under the care of Pastor John Ormai. The value of the property of the Cleveland Church is now esti- mated at $63,000. HISTORY. OF TH PIPTSBURGHISYNOD 751 FIRST ENGLISH LUTHERAN! CHURCH ASHTABULA, OHIO This church was organized by the missionary superintendent of the Pittsburgh Synod in 1908. The following persons con- stituted the charter membership: Andreas Allen, Henry Strubbe, Mary Erickson, Mary Reidenbach, Jena Reid- , ayzabSes , enbach, Cora Strubbe, | ; Sal ed é ms Nag NS 73 and Sarah Allen. The fo 933 eas emcee first services were held in WAC 3 CIN ye JESESES a rented hall on Main street. The preliminary work was done by Rev. William F. Pfeifer, who was ordained in Ashta- bula, August 18, 1907, organized the Sunday School two months later, and remained in the field Hitt eenres rOLOWwiIne: spring. After four years of hard work the con- gregation was encour- aged to buy a brick house On sthe corer. ot Center Hid eeapospectms tt ¢ ets at a cost of $7,500, and remodel it in such a manner as to serve as chapel and parsonage. ‘This chapel was dedicated by Rev. C. L. V. Dozer, October 1, 1911. At the time of the dedication the congregation numbered thirty-six members. During the pastor- ate of Rev. Albert W. Dockter, there was a serious disturbance in the congregation, and more than half of the members were given certificates of dismissal when the pastor united with the Presbyterians. Much credit is given to Doctor A. W. Ahl of Thiel College for salvaging the wreck during the summer of 1923. ‘The following is a list of pastors of the organized church: Rev. G. V. Schumann, 1908-1910; Rev. C. L. V. Dozer, 1910- 1920; Rev. A. W. Dockter, 1920-1923; Rev. A. W. Ahl, Ph.D. Pou eebucor ney | penn 25-9075 * Reval © Benze, 1926-. pl. PAULS EVANGELICAL, LUTHERAN CHURCH VI heeG ONE EA BUA COUN LY “@OHLO This church is located in a Scandinavian settlement, sev- eral miles south of Ashtabula, and was organized by Rev. C. L. V. Dozer, February 28, 1914, with thirty-one members. The Vo2 HISTORY OFVTHE PIPDSBURGH Sy NOD first services were held in the United Brethren Church, and the first church officers were Ole Anderson, A. Anderson, Charles; Praessler, Edmund) Peterson, and.Harry Kuhns frame church.was erected at a cost of $3,500, which was ded- icated by Pastor Dozer, May 16, 1915. In common with many other rural churches, St. Paul’s has had many heavy losses during recent years, but a small company still gathers for Sunday afternoon services. ‘The pastors have been those of the First Lutheran Church of Ashtabula. HOLY TRIND EY ENG US HL UE RAIN GE Wr SALEM, OHIO The language question in Emmanuel Church of Salem was the occasion of the organization of this congregation. The first meeting for this purpose was held in the home of Arthur Ho schropp, june 1; 1917, whenvRey.,Ca-AvsWennre: Rev. John H. Graf, and Rev. Jesse Leroy Miller held a con- ference with seventeen Lutherans of the city. The name “Holy Trinity” was suggested by Mrs. A. H. Walde at that meeting, but the constitution was not adopted until June 24, when Rev. C. A. Dennig, serving as missionary superintend- ent, preached the first sermon for the congregation. ‘The charter members enrolled at this time were the following: Barkley, Mrs. Samuel Ross, Henry and wife Schmid, Carl Beighley, Edward Ross, Mertie Schmid, Frank Domhotf, W. H. and wife Sanders, Louise Schropp, A. H. and wife Gabriel, Ella Sanders, Freda Sump, Otto Hendricks, Mrs. Harry Schaefer, W. H. and wife Walde, A. H. and wife Izenhour, Harry and wife Schaefer, Ralph Walde, Rudolph Ritz, W. H. and- wife Schmid, Pauline Wentz, A. H. and wife The first church officers were Henry Ross, A. H. Walde, Harry Izenhour,, W.+H. Domhoff, and A. H.W ent7 ae church was incorporated, July 5, 1917. > lhe dirstsplacemen meeting was the Red Cross rooms on the first floor of the Pioneer Block. “Each Saturday night, after the close of the week’s activities, sewing machines and work tables would be pushed back along the wall, the floors cleaned, and the chairs arranged for services the next day. Each Sunday evening the room would again be put in order for carrying on the war- time activities of the Red Cross.” The first hard task of the young mission was the securing of a permanent place of wor- ship. The value of the property on the corner of McKinley and Woodlawn avenues attracted them, and it was secured by the help of a generous Church Extension loan, June 10, 1918, The Women’s Missionary Society was a helpful agency in securing needed funds, all the money needed for the repairing of the building being earned by this organization. The cost HISTORY OF (HE PILTSBURGH SYNOD 753 of the property was $3,350, and $800 was spent in remodelling. The first floor was converted into a temporary chapel, which was dedicated by Rev. C. A. Dennig, July 28, 1918. The in- fluenza epidemic closed the church for a month, and a still ereater trial came when Rev. Dennig took charge of the Lawrence Park Mission. Occasional and uncertain supplies were then provided for the congregation until July 11, 1919, when Rey. C: Frederick Frank came as the first regular pas- tor. His ministry continued until December 26, 1920, during which time the mission developed into a congregation of sixty members. ‘The church was united with a rural congregation in 1924, to forma new parish of the Ohio Synod. ‘The pastorates in consecutive order were as follows: Rev. C. A. Dennig (sup- Diy ralol7 10 Leena Gin eh rank 1919> O7OmRev ii: P.clar- man, lOZ1s1O235 Review Hy BakerJ024-. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN SIEBENBURGER SAXON iON TERS (CER GH YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO Among the first Siebenburger Saxon families to arrive in Youngstown, 1888-1889, were those of Johann Gelch, Andreas Schmidt, Andreas Schaas, Johann Loew, and George Thellmann. After them, usually in small groups, came others until a colony of perhaps 1,000 souls : WiaS Getior French: oy. Hew of them expected to make America their home, but hoped to save enough money to make _ them- selves comfortable on Boel rrac Tin) tos ithe Patherland, « Hor: ths reason the first immi- grants gave but little con- sideration to the found- ing of churches, believ- ing that any German pas- tor would be willing to perform such ministerial acts as were desired dur- ing their temporary so- journ. Then came the tremendous changes of the World War, persuad- 754 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ing them to look upon America as their permanent home. Their first organizations were in the form of Beneficial Unions, four of which were organized in Youngstown, the first in 1901. In the course of time, as the sense of permanent residence deep- ened, they began to think of their need of the Church. The lodge provided many things, but could not minister to their souls. Honterus Church was then organized by Pastor George Shuster with 42 members, July 3, 1910, and was encouraged by mission- ary aid from the Pittsburgh Synod. A good frame church on the corner of Lincoln and Holmes streets was bought for the congregation during the same year. ‘The men who made this purchase possible were Pastor George Shuster, Michel Brenner, Martin Alzner, Johann Orben, Johann Loew, Michel Schotch, Johann Hauer, Simon Schenker, George Schueller, Paul Radleff, Michel Hartmann, George Holztraeger, Andreas Tutzi, and Johann Pfingstegraf. In the charter stringent provisions are made not only for the maintenance of the pure doctrines of the Augsburg Confession, but also for the preservation of the Ger- man language in the services. Should the congregation ever abandon the “mutter sprache,” it is declared to be unworthy of the name of Honterus the Reformer. During the first twelve years the church had a hard battle to fight. Many of the Sie- benburger immigrants had lapsed into irreligion, and were bit- terly opposed to the Church. Other disheartening experiences were added to this, but the little company of faithful souls held fast to their faith. With the coming of Pastor Ludwig A. Fritsch from the Fatherland in 1921, and his admission to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1922, a wonderful spirit of new life was quickly manifested. A Jugend Verein of 120 members was or- ganized; a Saturday School was conducted by the pastor with the help of three volunteer teachers; the faithful Frauen Verein increased their efficiency ; the Sunday School enrolled 250 schol- ars; and the number of communing members was almost trebled. This congregation should develop into one of the stronger Ger- man churches of the Pittsburgh Synod. SIEBENBURGER SAXON EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN ST. JOHN’S CHURCH CLEVELAND, OHIO Among the first Siebenburger Saxon immigrants of 1885 were some who located in Cleveland. Notable names among them were Olzner, Loew, Kloss, Ullman, Mueller, Schuster, Meneges, Binder, and Sift. The first Siebenburger Sick Ben- efit Association of Cleveland was organized in 1895. A Sing- ing Society was organized in 1897, and a Women’s Society in HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 755 the following year. Nearly all the Siebenburger immigrants were farmers in Transylvania, but in America they preferred the harder work and larger wages of the steel mills. All hoped to return to the Fatherland within a few years, and live in affluence on their American fortunes. This state. of mind naturally led them to give but little thought to the Church. They left the Church in Transylvania; they ex- pected to find it there on their return. Those who were blessed with new-born children took them to some German pastor for baptism, but were slow about identifying them- selves with any congregation. As-a result of this policy, moral discipline was relaxed among them and many fell into grievous sin. In the large boarding houses, where many young men congregated, moral conditions were distressing. During the war period many of the immigrants began to buy their own homes, and this soon produced a different spirit. After the close of the war, when Transylvania was trans- ferred to Rumania, the Siebenburgers began to realize that America would be their permanent home. That conviction led them to see the mistake of having neglected the Church and to correct the wrong. As early as 1907 Pastor George Shuster of Youngstown had held services for them, but could effect no organization. In November of 1908 Pastor: Michael Orendt came to Cleveland, and succeeded in organizing the “First Siebenburger Saxon Evangelical Lutheran Church”, but the visitation of Pastor ~Wittstock of Transylvania created a division of sentiment that led not only to the with- drawal of Pastor Orendt but also to the dissolution of his con- gregation. The effort of Pastor Wittstock also failed, and he returned to the Fatherland in 1909. The next attempt at or- ganization was made by Pastor Erich Wilhelm Becker, a member of the German Evangelical Synod. A large church on Euclid Avenue was secured, and many were sanguine of success. Then something happened. What it was no one seemed to know, but the congregation suddenly dissolved. After this pathetic failure no attempt was made at organiza- tion until June, 1922, when the Pittsburgh Synod ordained Johann Foisel, and sent him to Cleveland as a missionary to his countrymen. Naturally the young man was timid about accepting such a commission, but the president of the synod told him that he must go. While he met with little encour- agement at the start, he announced that a service for the Siebenburger Saxons would be held in the West Side Hall, June 4, 1922. When the hour of service came there were only six persons present; but the missionary was very patient, and one hour later he was permitted to preach from the impro- vised pulpit to 200 Saxons. On July 9, 1923, he was able to 756 HISTORY “OF “THE PLIViIsnBuRGH sx NOD organize St. John’s Church and secure the election of his first Church Council. The organization meeting was held in a Reformed Church, but later the place of worship was changed to Calvary Lutheran Church. On September 19, 1922, the property at 761 Eddy road, 91x250, with a frame dwelling, was bought for $15,000 with the help of a loan from the Board of Home Missions and Church Extension. This house was fixed up for social purposes, but church services were held in Bethany on the West Side and Calvary on the East Side. For more than a year two places of meeting were sustained, after which the West Side appointment was dropped. The per- manence of this organization was assured, September 7, 1924, when 1000 Saxons assembled to witness the laying of the corner stone of anew church. This church was built of brick and stone at a cost of $33,300, and was dedicated by Pastor Johann Foisel, December 21, 1924, when the sermon was preached by Doctor E. A. Tappert. This dedication gave such great encouragement that a congregation of 477 baptized members was reported in 1925. When it is remembered that there is a Saxon colony of 6000 in this city, the vital importance of the founding of St. John’s Church will be appreciated. CHAPTER XXII CHURCHES OF OTHER COUNTIES 1803-1924 “The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them.” V\SECAIHE strong Lutheran centers of western Pennsyl- sylvania are found in the counties of Allegheny, Armstrong, Erie, Westmoreland, Butler, Beaver, Indiana, and Clarion. While the largest number of Lutherans is found in Allegheny, the largest percentage of Lutherans in the population is found in Armstrong. In addition to the churches of the above named counties there are a number of others scattered throughout the territory of the synod, some of which are among the oldest as well as strongest churches of western Pennsylvania. A brief sketch of each of these congregations will be given in this chapter. PIRST BVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH VENANGO,. PA. There were three well established German settlements in Crawford County before the close of the eighteenth century, Venango, Meadville, and Conneaut Lake, the first named be- ing the oldest and strongest of the three. It is claimed that there were Pennsylvania Germans living in the French Creek Valley as early as 1795. At the beginning of the nineteenth century there were several Lutheran families living in the valley, some of which were deeply interested in the establish- ment of a church of their own faith. The first pastor to min- ister to them was Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt, who gave them occasional services from 1803 to 1811, when a letter from the Ministerium of Pennsylvania to Mathias Flack closed his labors. Since he also taught school and practiced medicine he remained in the county, and some of his descendants are still found in the valley. Father Heyer has this to say in his journal concerning this pioneer pastor: “From these people I learned the following information concerning the affairs of our Church in that region. A rogue named Muckenhaupt had at first come among the settlers as a preacher, but he could not stay very long; he went away leaving his wife and chil- 758 HISTORY (OF “PHbepIr rT SBpuRGH SYNOD dren uncared for. It was still said of this vagabond that he could preach more powerfully, drink more, and curse more loudly than anyone else within a hundred miles.” Unfortunately the age encouraged such bibulous tendencies. The Lutherans of this section united with those of Erie as early as 1808 in petitioning the Ministerium of Pennsylvania for a pastor, but no one was sent until 1811, when Rev. W. H. Scriba visited the field as a “travelling preacher’. A _ similar visit was made by Rev. Peter Rupert in 1814. In the sum- mer of 1815 Rev. Carl Wilhelm Colsen became their regular pastor, making his headquarters in Meadville. In the follow- ing year he completed the organization that had been started in a provisional way in 1803. His work was too heavy for his frail body, and he died as a result of exposure to a cold rain, December 29, 1816. His people were proud of him, and their history might have been much brighter had his lfe been spared. While tradition says that their first church was built of logs and dedicated by Pastor Colsen before his death, Father Heyer Says that it was built of irames “This ’chugen was a meeting center for all the Lutherans Gi the Prenc Creek Valley for many years, and the congregations at com- munion time overtaxed the seating capacity. Father Heyer succeeded Pastor Colsen in 1817, and remained until the fol- lowing spring, when he resisted the urgent entreaties of the people and returned to the East. Pastor Rupert returned in 1819 and spent three years in the parish. Some of his de- scendants still reside in Crawford County, and his body was brought to Woodcock ‘Township for interment after death. From 1822 to 1826 a converted Romanist, Rev. Philip Meyer- hoeffer preached for them, but it is said that “he did little good.” One of their most successful pastors was Rev. W. E. Schulze, who lived at Meadville and served them from 1829 to 1830. On April 17, 1829, he confirmed a class of thirty-one catechumens and administered the communion to 112 mem- bers. There were’ few churches in western Pennsylvania in those days with brighter prospects than Zion of Venango. From 1830 to 1831, Rev. David Muck, a German Reformed pastor who later joined the Methodists, preached for them, during which time a new constitution was adopted. From 1831 to 1842 they were served in English by Rev. Elihu Rath- bun, but the fact that he could not minister in German caused much distress to the older people, who made pathetic appeals to synod for relief. Several pastors of the Ohio Synod gave them occasional services, but the church suffered much for want of proper pastoral care during this critical period. Both the German and English members were relieved in 1842 when HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 759 Rev. J. D. Nunnemacher became pastor, for he could use both languages. ‘The records show that he was pastor from 1842 to 1846. When the Pittsburgh Synod sent her Missionary Superintendent, Rev. Henry Ziegler, into the field, he reor- ganized them as an English congregation and gave them such services as his two large mission parishes would admit, July 18, 1847, to May 24, 1850. He also reorganized the Sun- day School on a missionary basis, the offering of each alter- nate Sunday to be given to missions. There were 55 mem- bers when he took charge of the congregation, but the adop- tion of a constitution in which there were strong temperance clauses caused not a little confusion and loss. His successor was Rev. John A. Nuner, 1852-1855, during whose pastorate a parsonage was built. The next three pastors were Rev. Henry Weicksel,, 1855-1858, Rev. Isaiah J. Delo, 1858-1861, and Rev. W. B. Bachtell, 1861-1866. During the pastorate of the last named the membership of the congregation was in- creased by revivals to 135, but the pastor resigned under a heavy cloud. His successor was Rev. D. M. Kemerer, who served Venango, Highfield, and Saegertown together from 1867 to 1871. When the last named church asked for the en- tire time of Pastor Kemerer, Drakes Mills, Mosiertown, and Venango congregations united to form Venango Parish, and extended a call to Rev. Philip Doerr. Pastor Doerr was a faithful and godly man, so that all the churches prospered under his leadership, 1871-1873. His successor was Pastor George Gaumer, who is described as a man of gentle and irenic spirit, but he was not strong enough to control the syn- odical controversy that broke out in the community during his pastorate. It is claimed that this controversy was stirred up by a former pastor, who returned to the field for that pur- pose. When Pastor Gaumer proposed the erection of a new church there was an eager response from the people, so that half of the estimated cost was subscribed. Then the question was raised by Solomon Lasher as to whether it would be ded- ede woe eictial wo viodeGuurcis When ether tpastor answered in the negative, Mr. Lasher and his friends objected so strenuously that it became necessary to use discipline and expel twenty-three of them from the church. These expelled members rallied their friends, held a meeting, and adopted the following resolution: “The undersigned, being of the Evangelical Lutheran Zion’s con- gregation of Venango Borough, Pa., at the time George Gaumer and party expelled and suspended a number of its members, without a just or reasonable accusation, do, by our signatures hereunto annexed, and by our fellowship in worship with the parties so expelled and suspended, declare said acts of said George Gaumer and party to have been, spec- 760 HISTORY OF Tut Pirro pURGH SYNGD ially and in all their effects, arrogant and unjust, and therefore null and void, because in direct violation of the Formula of Government under which said Zion’s Church has existed for many years, which Formula of Government is that printed in the English Hymn Book of the Gen- eral Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States of America.” Fifty-eight of these Protestants applied for admission to the Pittsburgh Synod of the General Synod, under the name of Zion’s Evangelical Lutheran Church of Venango, and were so received, October.7, 18/5. This meant a law suit between the rival Zions for possession of the property. ‘The case was tried before Judge Trunkey of the Crawford County Court, who decided that, inasmuch as the General Synod party had left the old church and effected a separate organization, the property belonged to the General Council party. The costs of the suit, amounting to $375, were placed on the plaintiffs. This led the General Synod party to build a new church, which was dedicated as the “First Evangelical Lutheran Church of Venango.) by: Pastor Del; Octoberw2Zlals/- Eorouchai ae generosity of George P. Delo, father of the pastor, an excel- lent parsonage. wassecured;; ,On, OctobermlO, 716/90 SPacten George Gaumer issued “A Call in Time of Need”, and suffic- ient funds were gathered to build a new General Council church. This building was dedicated by Pastor Emanuel Cressman, November 27, 1881, and was considered an ‘excel- lent church in that day. Two rival organizations were thus established in a limited field, and the final result was disaster to both. The following pastors served the two congregations during the period of division: : GENERAI, COUNCIL GENERAL SYNOD Revo» Georges Gaumetr.. ee 1874-1880 Reve lsatahelee Clo peers 1875-1880 Rev. Emanuel Cressnian (2282.02 1881-1886 Revise Ey Liee IV Ul erat cece pe ee ees 1880-1887 Revise UR bet eaten aera mes 1887-1889 REVS “So, LWEl YOUN Seen ee eee 1888-1893 Revare ioe Orie Coup Dp lvoe 1890 Reve alnehiee Ca\laniiol cd aaa 1894-1895 Reve G. OW. Critchl owen es 1892-1895 Reve tees Hilti eee eect eee 1895-1898 Rev. JO. Waters eae eee 1895-1903 Rev. Payson Young, PDUs 1900 Rev. Jonathan Sarver, D.D........... 193-1907 RewssSsslblershisem penween eee 1901-1902 Rev. G. J. Diener AD 2) 1998-1910 Reve Te iVioeW Ondensicts eee ee 1902-1903 Rev. T. B. Roth, D.D., ; “ (supply). 1911-1912 Supplies? thuetesn 6 eee eee 1903-1905 MWalCa tit die ie 62.1 Uy At Amen an Oe Ra 1912-1918 AVE Vetch nh awe MERE Aa. NAc mney oh ofa! th: 1905-1918 The six-year vacancy of Zion Church was due to weak- ness, not more than eight members being enrolled at the end; the thirteen-year vacancy of First Church was due to its isola- tion, its fifty members not being able to support a pastor alone. ‘Then came the period of the synodical merger, and First Church was permitted to represent the community in the newly formed Crawford County Parish of 1918. The remain- ing members of Zion Church held a legal meeting, May 7 1921, conveyed their property to the Pittsburgh Synod and disbanded. In 1923 this property was conveyed to the Pres- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 761 byterian Church by the synod, and the net proceeds were given to “Bethesda”. The pastors of First Church since the merger have been the following: Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1918-1920; Rev. A. C. P. Hays, 1921-1922. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH MEADVILLE, PA. When northwestern Pennsylvania was organized into counties, March 12, 1800, Meadville was made the seat of justice for the entire region for a number of years. For this reason it fills a large place in the history of the state, The town was laid out in 1793 by Daniel Mead, who sold no less than forty-seven lots during the first two years. Located in the heart of the French Creek Valley, the town became a con- venient meeting place for a number of Pennsylvania German families in this vicinity. The early history of these pioneer Germans is hard to relate, since the church which they or- ganized in Meadville has preserved no records earlier than 1874. Tradition says that Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt affected a provisional organization for them in 1803, and preached for them with varying regularity from 1803 to 1811. This pastor was not a member of any synod during the time of his resi- dence in Crawford County, and spent the greater part of his time teaching school and practicing medicine. Because of his failures he was replaced by the travelling missionaries of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in 1811. The first ap- peals of the Lutherans of this region to the Ministerium for a pastor are described as coming from “the congregation in and about Meadville” in 1808. The first of the travelling preachers to reach Meadville was Rev. W. H. Scriba, who Spent tnree months ofithe summer of 1811 in the region. The second was Rev. Peter Rupert, who made Meadville his head- quarters in the summer of 1814, and travelled many miles in order to minister to the scattered Lutheran settlers. The con- eregation extended him a formal call, but he declined. His successor was Rev. Carl Wilhelm Colsen, who arrived in 1815, reorganized the church in the court house in 1816, travelled far and wide in his ministry to the Germans, and finally died of pneumonia, December 29, 1816. A marble slab in Green- dale Cemetery marks his last resting place. He was a friend of Timothy Alden, and was offered a professorship in Alle- gheny College. His successor was Rev. J. C. F. Heyer, who ren- dered valuable service during the winter of 1817-1818. It is claimed that he preached the first English Lutheran sermon of western Pennsylvania in the court house at the request of GRAVE STONE OF PASTOR CARL WILHELM COLSEN MEADVILLE, PA. HISTOR OR CEES PIELSBURGH SYNOD 763 Timothy Alden. Pastor Heyer was also offered a professor- ship in Allegheny College, but declined. Rev. Peter Rupert returned for a second pastorate, 1819-1822, and his body was later laid to rest in Woodcock Township, Rev. Philip Meyer- hoeffer served the church, 1822-1826, but the services of this converted Romanist were not very satisfactory. During the summer of 1824, Candidates A. H. Lochman and N. J. Stroh of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania spent several weeks in the parish; and Rev. N. G. Scharretts of the West Pennsylvania Synod made a similar visit in 1826. From 1826 to 1836 they were supplied by Pastor Michael Kuchler. An old record says that he installed an elder and a trustee in 1828, and the rec- ords of the Ohio Synod show that Meadville was a part of his parish in 1836. Rev. Wilhelm Edward Schulze was the resident pastor, 1829-1832, but for the next ten years only supplies were available. Pastor J. D. Nunnemacher served the congregation, 1842-1845, but was unable to revive the dis- couraged people. This was the condition of things in 1846, when they were visited by Rev. Henry Ziegler of the Pitts- burgh Synod. Many thought that he was wasting his time in Meadville, but the missionary thought otherwise, and re- organized the congregation in 1846 with 25 members. The church was then admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod and made a part of the Crawford Mission. A lot on Pine street was bought, and their first church was dedicated by Pastor Zieg- ler in the fall of 1847. When he resigned in May, 1850, he reported a German-English Church of 55 members, with a Sunday School of 30 pupils. Another long and distressing vacancy followed, 1850-1857, during which the good work of Pastor Ziegler was almost destroyed. Rev. Henry Weicksel served as their pastor, 1857-1858, and found church life at such low ebb that he was compelled to effect a reorganization with twelve members in October, 1857. When Pastor Weick- sel resigned in 1858, Pastor A. B. Bierdemann of the Ohio Synod volunteered his services, and for the next 25 years the church was served by pastors of that body. During this period the congregation had a splendid development. largely because of the arrival of a large number of German families from Canada in 1864. From 1864 to 1884 all services were held in German; from 1884 to 1904 both languages were used; since 1904 all services have been conducted in English. The orig- inal congregation of 1803 was a union church, but the Luth- erans purchased the interest of the Reformed in 1865. A Lutheran constitution was adopted in 1866, and signed by the following: 704 HISTORY OF SDHEAPLPTSBURGH SYNOD Bam, Anton Frobose, Heinrich Michaelis, Friedrich Bauerschmidt, Baltzer Goerke, Wilhelm Mueller, John Bauerschmidt, Margaret Gromol, Karl Mueller, Christian Baeyer, Jacob Haller, Conrad Pappentuss, John Berg, Christoph Hoffman, George A. Pappenfuss, August Boehm, J. G. Kochendorfer, Jacob Schalk, Gustav Bork, Johann, Sr. Koller, Friedrich Schmidt, Jacob Burk, Ferdinand Kuppler, George Schutz, Jacob Eberspeicher, Karl C. Kuppler, Martin Schutz, Johann Eberspeicher, Charles G. Meier, Wilhelm Weiss, Casper Eberspeicher, Louise. Metzgar, Jacob Werle, Jacob The congregation was chartered, January 23, 1868, under the name ~The “Hvangelical’ lutheran) lrinity }Chugchaeos Meadville, Pa.”’ The pastor at the time was Rev. G, A. Brue- gel, who believed that the Joint Synod of, Ohio would unite with the General Council then forming, and inserted the following articlevin the charter. “This church acknowledges itself to be a member of, and to belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and Adjacent States, and of the General Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the United States. As such it accedes to, recognizes and adopts the consti- tution, doctrine, discipline and form of worship, as it now is or may be hereafter changed by the aforesaid Synod or Council of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Church, and acknowledges their authority accordingly.” The Synod of Ohio finally decided not to unite with the General Council; and this created an Ohio Synod and a Gen- eral; Council’ panty, im the coneresation: | Ihe latten hades majority, and called General Council pastors as supplies. The church was also received into the Pittsburgh Synod in 1884. The next pastor was Rev. J. H. Orr, who served Meadville and Corry, 1885-1888, and Meadville alone, 1888-1890. During this time plans were laid for the relocation of the church, but these were frustrated by a strong minority. Soon’ aiter the resignation of Pastor Orr in 1890, the Ohio Synod entered suit for the possession of the property. The case was tried before Judge John J. Henderson of the Crawford County Court, who decided in favor of the General Council party. The name of the Joint Synod of Ohio was then eliminated from the charter, February 11,:1894. Pastor G. W. Critchlow “of Saegertown was the adviser of the congregation during this period of litigation. The present constitution was adopted, October 28, 1890. A new site on North Park avenue was bought for $850, where a brick church was built at a cost of $8,000. The corner stone was laid on Ascension Day,: 1893, and the church dedicated by Pastor A. R. J. Graepp, Novem- ber 19, 1893. A two-manual pipe organ was installed in 1894, half the cost being paid by Andrew Carnegie. The Pine street property was sold to Mrs. Bauersmith for $1,000 in 1894. The parsonage was built by John Shutz in 1892, and was con- veyed to the congregation in 1901. The Ohio Synod party built a frame church on the corner of Grove and Willow BISTORY Oban PLDT SBURGHOSYNOD 76 on streets, but this was sold after a few years, and the majority of the people returned to Trinity. During the pastorate of Rev. A. L. Benze, 1899-1901, the church was freed from debt and became self-sustaining. ‘The longest pastorate in the his- tory of the church was that of Rev. Nathanael Scheffer, 1904- 1919, during which there was a strong development of the congregation. A complete list of pastors is as follows: Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt, 1803-1811; Rev. W. H. Scriba (supply), ISidewk ev. Peter Rupert (supply), Leleivehweyv.. ©. We Colsen, 1815-1816; Rev. J. C. F. Heyer, 1817-1818; Rev. Peter Rupert, 1819-1822; Rev. Philip Meyerhoeffer, 1822- 1826; Rev. Michael Kuchler, 1826- 1829; Rev. W. E. Schulze, 1829-1832; Supplies, 1832-1842; Rev. J. D. Nunnemacher, 1842-1845; Rev. Henry Ziegler, 1846-1850; Supplies, 1850-1857; Rev. Henry Weick- Sel, 1857-1698 ;\ Rev. A) By Bierdemann, 1859-1865; Rev. J. G. Boehm, 1865-1867; Rev. G. A. Bruegel, 1867-1868; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann (second term), 1868- 1870; Rev. W. F. Deiss, 1870- TSA eNCV Gaels ea ittel.) 187/6- 1877: Nev siete muOepicin. 1877-1879 - Rev. Gerhard Weise, 1879-1880: Rev. H. A. Schmidt, 1880-1881; Rev. F. E. Fickeisen, 1882-1883; Rev. E. Cressman and Rev. G. W. Critchlow (supplies), 1884-1885 ; Rev. Herman Gilbert (German supply), 1884-1885; Rev. J. H. Orr, 1885-1890; Rev. A. G. Voigt (German supply), 1890; Rev. G. W. Critchlow (supply), 1890-1892; Rev. A. R. J. Graepp, 1892- Vote ey | ele bree second term), 1894-1899 > Rev. “A. L. Benze, 1LS99-190l; Rev, Charles Koerner, 1901-1903; Rev. Nathanael Sohen on 1904-1919; Rev. S. H. Roth, 1919-1922; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1922-. Pee Siri CHURCHEOR THE DWELVE APOSTLES SAEGERTOWN, PA. Among the earliest settlers of this region were Germans, who took up lands about the opening of the 18th century. Mathias Flack and Israel Berlin were revolutionary soldiers, who came here aiter the war. The village is named after Daniel Saeger, who did not come until 1823. The first German pastor of the valley was Rev. Philip Muckenhaupt, who prac- ticed medicine and held occasional services for the people at Venango as early as 1803. After the Peiffer school house was built in 1816, the Meadville pastors held services there more Oiess 1e9llatiy ew When Rey1).-Cr Piytieyer was in) Mead- ville 1817-1818, his favorite stopping place was the Peiffer home. Mrs. Peiffer fixed up a study for him above the milk house, and there he would often be heard playing his flute. One ol the Peitters helped: to move Pastor: -Colsen ‘trom ANWOH VGAOSAHLAY HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 767 Northampton County to Meadville in 1816. It is said that there was no regular organization at Peiffer’s school house until 1829, when arrangements were made to build a perma- nent church. Some wanted it built at Peiffer’s, others at Saegertown. A meeting was held in the school house, April 20, 1829, at which it was decided to build a frame church for $1,000, the location to be decided by the party subscribing the largest number of shares at six dollars each. When the final vote was taken, Saegertown subscribed 170 shares to 136 for Peiffer’s, and the church was built at Saegertown. The heav- iest subscriber was Daniel Saeger, who deeded a lot to Edward Saeger, “in trust for Saegertown meeting house’, July 18, 1829, as well as sufficient ground for a cemetery. Many peo- ple made subscriptions to the building fund, with the under- standing that the church could be used by all denominations. ihe weharve that Daniel, “saeger was trying to convert the whole community to the Lutheran Church was puerile. On April 7, 1838, the Methodists sold their shares to Lutherans and Reformed, and relinquished all claims. Among the names found on this subscription list of 1829 were the following: Bebelheimer, Berlin, Betz, Biege, Brobst, Diechmann, Flick- Imeenvr ry aGeno Gram eGnubb, Hauer, Hecker, Hetrick, Hoff- man, Joerg, Huidekoper, Kern, Kleckner, Knerr, Liebensper- Coumminc om Ncuetiausen meter, Rathbun, Saecer, Sander, Schaeffer, Schneider, Seiverling, Stoll, Straw, Strouse, Weiss, and. Wotring, Ihe church: was dedicated by Pastor W. E. ScouiZounelcobethenyecar peine nixed by a poem: prepared by the pastor for the occasion. It was dedicated as Jerusalem Church. One of the members of the congregation was Elihu Rathbun, a local tailor, who was persuaded by Pastor Schulze to enter the ministry, and later became one of the founders of the Pittsburgh Synod. He served as their English pastor, 1830-1842, but his inability to preach in German was a source of weakness to the whole parish.. The oldest records of the church were begun by Pastor John D. Nunnemacher, who ministered in both German and English from 1842 to 1857. A complete constitution was adopted during his pastorate, Jan- uary 16, 1843. His successor was Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, also a member of the Ohio Synod, who served from 1857 to 1867. A new era dawned in 1867, when Rev. D. M. Kemerer of the Pittsburgh Synod became pastor. The congregation in ad- vance of his coming decided to give up the German, and this resulted in building up a strong congregation of 120 members in a few years, able to support their own pastor. During this pastorate the Lutherans sold their interest in Jerusalem Church to the Reformed for $500, and a new frame church 768 HISTORY: OP DHE PICISBURGHISYNO)D was dedicated by Pastor Kemerer, as the Evangelical Luth- eran Church of the Twelve Apostles, January 9, 1870. The new site was bought from Isaac Saeger for $100, and the church cost $7,500. These were prosperous days in the his- tory of the congregation, and a parsonage was built in 1869. In the course of time, however, many families began to move else- where, and the church was compelled to unite with three other churches in 1918 in order to form a parish. The establish- ment of Bethesda Home, on a farm donated by a member of this congregation, gave the parish a new outlook, for the chil- dren were brought into Saegertown to attend Sunday School. For this reason Pastor R. W. Yeany- was able to give them needed service during a distressing vacancy. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. W. E. Schulze, 1829- 1832; Rev. Elihu Rathbun (English), 1830-1842; German sup- plies, 1832-1842; Rev. J. D. Nunnemacher, 1842-1857; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, 1857-1867; Rev. D. M. Kemerer, 1867-1877; Rev. A. H. Bartholomew, 1877-1880; Rev. Hiram Péters, 1880- 1884; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1884-1895; Rev. J. Q. Waters, 1895-1903; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1903-1907; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1908-1910; “Rev. TE .BY ‘Roth, DD) 1911219138 Rev evince Kunkelman,;, 1918-1920; Rey: A.C. Pe ilayss 192119020 sevens W. Yeany, 1922-. CHRIST Ss EVANGERICAT Ss DORE WR AINS CED Gt MOSIERTOWN, PA. German’ settlers located here at an early *day,abutetnerr limited numbers led them to postpone the organization of a church until 1830. This was effected by Pastor Philip Zeiser ofthe: Reformed (Churchsunder: the namieoi the area Evangelical Lutheran and German Reformed Church of Cus- sawaga Township”. A church was built and dedicated, which was known as “Union” on the synodical records, but as “Reichel’s” in the community. The first constitution provided that the pastor might be Lutheran or Reformed, but that there must never be more than one pastor at a time. One pastor, one council, one treasurer, served both Lutherans and Re- formed for many years. When Pastor Zeiser resigned in 1843, the Reformed majority elected Pastor Benjamin Boyer as his successor, but this did not meet with community ap- proval, and he remained only a few months. Pastor J. D. Nunnemacher then served them from 1843 to 1857, and then another Lutheran, Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, served from 1857 to 1866. The Reformed then felt that they had been slighted, and asked for the privilege of electing a pastor of their own. yA HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD | 769 This was granted, and Rev. D. B. Ernst became their pastor. The next Lutheran pastor was Rev. Isaac Brenneman, who served Drake’s Mills and Mosiertown from 1867 to 1870. Rev. Frederick Wahl was the Reformed pastor at the time of Pas- tor Brenneman’s resignation, but his services were not accep- table to the Lutherans, who asked the privilege of electing a pastor of their own. While the Lutherans had granted this privilege to the Reformed, the latter were not willing to re- turn the favor, but locked Rev. Philip Doerr and his Lutheran congregation out of the church. Services were held in the school house, and measures taken to carry the case before the court; but better counsel prevailed and a new church was built at a cost of $2,000. The corner stone was laid, July 4, 1873, and the church dedicated by Pastor D. M. Kemerer, November 27, 1873. The building site: was secured from J. M. Manville for $100. While a complete set of officers had been elected on Whitsunday, 1871, the constitution, in which they assumed their present name, was not adopted until Jan- uary 1, 1874. The church was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in 1874, under the leadership of Pastor George Gaumer. Pastor Gaumer conducted the first communion service in the new church, September 20, 1874, when the following mem- bers received the sacrament: Dengler, Benjamin Mosier, Daniel Moyer, Jacob Dengler, Susanna Mosier, Israel Moyer, Catherine ‘Dengler, Amanda Mosier, Isaac Moyer, Anna Mosier, Amos Mosier, Israel (2) Moyer, Solomon Mosier, Lucinda Mosier, Mary E. Moyer, Collie Mosier, Daniel F. Mosier, Rebecca Oswalt, Aaron Mosier, Susan Mosier, Matilda Zimmer, Daniel Mosier, Samuel Motter, Elizabeth Zimmer, Rebecca The largest communion in the history of the church was held, May 4, 1884, when 32 persons were given the sacrament. In recent years there has been such an exodus from the com- munity that only a remnant of the congregation remains. The pastors from the time of the founding of the union con- gregation were: Rev. Philip Zeiser (Ref.), 1830-1843; Rev. Benjamin Boyer (Ref.), 1843; Rev. J. D. Nunnemacher, 1843- 1857; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, 1857-1866; Rev. Isaac Brenne- man, 1867-1870; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1871-1872; Rev. D.' M. Kemerer, 1872-1874; Rev. George Gaumer, 1874-1880; Rev. | Emanuel Cressman, 1881-1887; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1887- 1895; Rev. J. O. Waters, 1895-1903; Rev. Jonathan Sarver, 1903-1907 ; Rev. G. J. Diener, 1908-1910;.Rev. T. B. Roth, D.D., (supply), 1911-1918; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1918-1920; Rev. De ore idlanserl 7-122 eve (ran. Critchlow. (supply );. 1922-. 770 HISTORY OHS LHE PIT SsBURGH SYNOD FIRST EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WARREN, PA. It is claimed that there were a number of German and Scandinavian settlers in this vicinity as early as 1832, but no public services were held by them. Among the early settlers wiere patihien -K 6eber genes Truschels, Brueseckers, Lessers, Messners, Reigs, Retterers, Schulers and others, who eventually became the founders of this congregation. After the’ lum bere ndtsten reached its height about {hem year « Loosen anaes acres of denuded timber land were taken up by in- dustrious Germans. The following tribute is paid to these Germans in The Missionary of February aulkete ely “From the most reliable sources of information it appears that there are, on a moderate calculation, about 250 families of Germans in Warren County, residing principally within ten miles of Warren, the county seat. They are nearly all from Alsace, a German province of France on the Rhine. These 250 families may be set down according to their religious sentiments as follows: 103 Lu- therans, 65 Albrecht Leute, commonly knewn as German Methodists, 31 Roman Catholics, and 61 Liberals or Free Thinkers. Of these last per- haps 22 families call themselves Lutheran, although by their daily walk and entire neglect of all religion they show but too sadly that ‘they care for none of these things’. To the above should be added at least 100 single young men and women, who have no home except among strangers. *** The German population of our county, I am happy to add, are much in favor of the education of their sons and daughters. Such is the im- pression which they have made upon the English community by their industry and general uprightness, that the German is studied in the lead- ing English families, and the principal of the public school in Warren teaches German to a class of young ladies and gentlemen.” Their first pastor was Rev. Henry David Keyl, who rode on horse back from Saegertown to Warren to minister to them. He held his first service in 1842 in the Lauffenberger home, located on what is now called Cottage Place. For a time they worship- ped in the Pleasant Township school house, then in the academy, and finally in the court house, where Pastor Keyl confirmed the first catechumens. After his resignation in 1844, the congrega- HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 771 tion asked the Joint Synod of Ohio to license Mr. P. Hauk, but this was denied. Pastor F. Brumbacher then served the parish, 1844-1846, during which plans were laid for the building of their first church. A lot was bought on East street, near Fifth avenue, where Pastor Fremund Wucherer dedicated a modest and rudely furnished church. A charter was secured, Decem- ber 10, 1846, and the first officers of this corporation were: Rev. Fremund Wucherer, pastor; Christian Keller and George Hertzel, trustees; Philip Bucher and Philip Leonhart, elders; John Reig and Christian Bartsch, deacons. The third pastorate was that of Rev. Julius Zoller, 1849-1852, during which a con- stitution was adopted and the parish steadily strengthened. The next pastor was Rev. Conrad Kuehn, 1852-1854, by whom the congregation was persuaded to unite with the Ohio Synod. For some reason a small faction withdrew from the church at this time, and held services in private homes, but the schism was healed after Pastor Kuehn resigned. His successor was Rev. Friedrich Carl Brauneck, who remained four years. When Rev. Henry Weicksel became pastor in June, 1858, a new page of church life was turned, for a new constitution was adopted and the parish admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod. ‘The first officers under the new constitution were Christian Bartsch, Andrew Hertzel, Max Amann, Jacob Sutter, Philip Gruber, and Jacob Nachtrieb. Pastor Weicksel was the first to introduce English services, and met considerable opposition. Only the support of some of the strongest men of the parish enabled him to continue these services. Probably the most telling pas- torate in the history of the congregation was that of Rev. Adolph Leopold Benze, 1863-1872, during which there was such a large development that a new church became necessary. The corner stone was laid in 1867, but the church was not dedicated by Pastor Benze until September 26, 1869. German and English addresses were made at the dedication. The church was built of brick, 42x85, with a steeple 120 feet high, at a cost of $10,000. The adjoining parsonage was built in 1866 at a cost of $2,500. The next pastor was Rev. G. A. Bruegel, 1872-1875, to whom belongs the credit of confirming the first class in English. During the pastorate of Rev. G. H. Trabert, 1892-1896, the present constitution was adopted, and English almost displaced German in the public services. The church was remodelled at a cost of $25,000 in 1901, but not dedicated until November 24, 1907, during the pastorate of Rev. W. FE. Brinkmann. Addi- tional improvements were made to the property during the pastorate of Revi ©: A. Dennig at a’ cost. of $10,000,, anda service of rededication was held, May 28, 1922. The rear- rangement and refurnishing of the chancel in 1920 is also A772 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD credited to the leadership of Pastor Dennig. First Church numbered 1095 members in 1922, ranking third among the 315 churches of the Pittsburgh Synod. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. H. D. Keyl, 1842-1844; Rev. F. Brum- bacher, 1844-1846; Rev. Fremund Wucherer, 1846-1849; Rev. Julius Zoller, 1849-1852; Rev. Conrad Kuehn, 1852-1854; Rev. F. C. Brauneck, 1854-1858; Rev. Henry Weicksel, 1858-1863; Rev, A. ly Benze, 1863-1872; Rev. G. A. Bruegel, 1872-1875; Rev. F. C. H. Lampe, 1875-1879; Rev. G. A. Wenzel, 1879-1881 ; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1881-1890; Rev. W. A. C. Mueller, 1890- 189);s Rev G. Fw brabert 1692-18960 Kev as eevee 1896-1904; Rev. G. J. Gongaware, 1904-1905; Rev. W. E. Brinkmann, 1906-1911; Rev. W. C. Beck. 1911-1919; Rev. C. A. Dennig, 1920-. ZION EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WHEELING, W. VA. While some of the first citizens of Wheeling were Ger- mans, no attempt was made to organize them into a congre- gation until 1835, when a German Evangelical Church was founded. When this church fell into rationalistic hands, the - more conservative Germans withdrew and founded “The First German Evangelical Lutheran Zion Church’. The first meeting for this purpose was held in Ott Hall, May 26, 1850, when a committee on constitution was appointed. This con- stitution was adopted and signed by 56 men, June 2, 1850, when the following officers were elected: Heinrich Hart- mann, Christian Hagedorn, Karl Schwardfeger, Philip Hoff- man, Ernst Loehr, Johann Wust, Christian Feder, Andreas Emmert, Wilhelm Wiedebusch, Heinrich Giesseler, August Hoffnung, and Karl Siebrecht. This constitution in modified form is still the law of the church. During the first year the church increased to 200 members, but the opposition of a rationalistic press was such that aid was granted by the Pitts- burgh Synod. The missionary appropriations, 1850-1857, were never large, but gave a sense of moral support to the congregation that was much needed: Civil suit was entered against them by the German Evangelical Church, but this was decided in their favor. A lot on Chapline street was pur- chased, but this was sold in 1854, when the Congregational Church on Market street was bought for $5,000. After sev- eral hundred dollars were spent in repairs, it was rededicated by Pastor Zimmerman as a Lutheran Church. A Sunday School and as a Parochial School were organized by _ this pastor. When he resigned, May 3, 1858, he was succeeded by HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ifs Pastor William Berkemeier, who served from 1858 to 1866. This pastor organized a Parochial School, and established Mt. Zion Cemetery, which was dedicated, July 3, 1864. The parish enjoyed splendid development until May 21, 1862, when a hur- ricane destroyed the church and killed three of the school children. The Pittsburgh Synod responded generously to their call of distress, and the -church was rebuilt and orna- mented with a tower and spire. The new church was dedi- cated by Pastor Berkemeier, March 22, 1863, when sermons were preached in German and English. Such was the reaction of the church to the storm, that the membership was rapidly increased to more than three hundred. The period of the civil war was one of severe trial to the congregation. No less than thirty of the men of Zion enlisted as volunteers, and a large number of them perished on the field of battle. When Pastor Berkemeier resigned in 1866, he was succeeded by pastoren Gre iaelamipess «lihis: pastor oreanizedarchurchsin Bellaire, but this proved short lived. He resigned in 1873 un- der charges, but these were later disproven. His successors in Zion were Rev. F. P. Mayser, 1873-1874, and Rev. Otto Meerwein, 1874-1884. Pastor Meerwein is remembered as a scholarly man, who organized the Ladies’ Aid Society and the Sick and Benevolent Society of Zion. Huis successors were Rev. Paul Ziegelmeier, 1885-1893, and Rev. Philip Jacob Hoh, 1893-1901. During the last pastorate the church was greatly improved at a cost of $10,284. The memorial win- dows, altar and font were installed at this time. The reno- vated church was rededicated by Pastor Hoh, May 20, 1900. The next pastorates were those of Rev. S. B. Stupp, 1902- 1906, and Rev. Albert L. Benze, 1906-1917. Under the leader- ship of Pastor Benze, the church was once more renovated at considerable cost, the rededication service being held, May 8, 1910. This pastor was also responsible for the introduction of English Vespers, and the grading of the Sunday School ac- cording to the system of the General Council. The parish had a steady development in all departments, and more than 800 members were enrolled. Pastor S. Kk. Strauss began his work in Zion, September 1, 1918, and the church has continued to fill an enviable place among the churches of the Pittsburgh Synod. A consecutive list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. Frederick Zimmerman, 1850-1858; Rev. William Berkemeier, 1858-1866; Rev. F. C. H. Lampe, 1867-1873; Rev. F. P. May- ser, 1873-1874; Rev. Otto Meerwein, 1874-1884; Rev. Paul Ziegelmeier, 1885-1893; Rev. P. J. Hoh, 1893-1901; Rev. S. B. Stupp, 1902-1906; Rev. A. L. Benze, 1906-1917; Rev. 5. K. Strauss, 1918-. 774 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ZION’S GERMAN EVAN. LUTHERAN CHURCH JOHNSTOWN, PA. The first citizen of Johnstown was Joseph Yahn, an enter- prising German Mennonite, who settled at the forks of the Conemaugh and ea Creek in 1793, and laid out the town re in 1800. Some think his ‘ name was Schantz, but ee al he himself spelled. it ase SEES Y alin Ate all@eventemsan was-’ftrom ‘this .Germnan ii that the city derived its e name. ‘The discovery of iron ore in the moun- tains in 1842 led to the building of Cambria y Furnace and the open- i: ing of an era of pros- perity. A great natural advantage of the town was. thatittlayeatwtie head of western naviga- 2 tion. The First Luther- i. 2 pk a) an Church was establish- 2 ed by Rev. J. K. Reben- ach! “ins (19 1O%e butseene German Church had be- come entirely English before the larger immigration from the Fatherland began. During the pastorate of Doctor Peter Sahm in First Church, 1848-1852, he took a deep interest in the new immigrants, and held services for them every alternate Sunday afternoon. Pastor Theobald Kleis was sent to Johnstown by Doctor W. A. Passavant in September of 1852, and a church was organized a few weeks later, forty men of Johnstown and vicinity giving their support. The organization was effected in the Brethren Church, corner of Main and Jackson streets. The Church Record opened at that time contains the marriages and baptisms, but all other records were lost in the flood. The lot on the corner of Jackson and Locust streets was bought for $400 from James McMillan. The corner stone of their first church was laid by Pastor Kleis, June 5, 1853, but his death on October 7 denied him the privilege of dedication. The building was dedicated byPastor ‘C. Cy An Brandt, December lds eae: It was a modest frame church, with a small sacristy in which it was the custom to hang memorial wreaths in honor of their dead. ‘The chancel was finished in yellow and white. No organ was provided, but August Danges led the singing. Germans HIS TORVeOR Pin iePI TT SBURGH SYNOD 775 came from all parts of Cambria County to wor- ship here, and the church was self - sustaining and independent from the be- ginning. While Pastor Carl ‘Taubner was a mem- ber of the Alleghany Synod, he never return- ed any parochial reports from the congregation. The first parochial teach- er of Zion was Constan- tine Nenstiel, who open- eda schoolsingas rented Railroad street hall in JULIE IL 1861. About four years ve =e ae later a school house was er ye = a y built on the corner of Jacksonestreem ands Carr alley. During these years there was such a large German immigration that the church was soon outgrown. ‘The corner stone of their second church was laid in September, 1868, and the building dedicated by Pastor Taubner, January 2, 1870. Much difficulty was experienced in building the steeple, and this led to the delay in dedication. It was built of brick, with the tower and entrance on Locust street. Galleries were built on three sides, providing a seating capacity of eight hundred. The cost of the second church was about $16,000. During the pastorate of Rev. Henry Veith, 1882-1889, a pipe organ was installed at a cost of $1,400, which was then considered the finest in the city. Pastor Veith or- ganized the Ladies’ Aid Society in 1882, and was largely re- sponsible for the organization of St. Paul’s Church in Morrell- ville. His successor was Rev. John Philip Lichtenberg, who began his labors, May 12, 1889, and closed them in death, May 31, 1889, when the great flood swept through the valley and left death and desolation in its path. Among the 2,286 victims of the flood were Pastor Lichtenberg, his wife and four chil- dren. The bodies of the pastor and his wife were found on Sandyvale Cemetery, but the children were yet comparative strangers, and remained among the 776 unknown dead, which were interred in Grandview. ‘The site of the church could not be identified after the flood until after a survey had been made. The church bell was recovered, and is still highly prized by the congregation. The heart of the Lutheran Church was deeply touched by this catastrophe; and gifts of $10,440.06 were re- 776 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD ceived from sympathetic friends. A fund of $4,- 016 was gathered by the Lutherische Kirchenblatt, and given to the congre- gation on condition that a pastor of the General Council be called. Thirty persons attended a con- gregational meeting, June 23, 1889, when it was decided to rebuild and also to apply to the Ministerium of Pennsyl- vania for a pastor. This pastor came in the per- Son “of tPastor slates a ae, Glasow, June 27, 1889, who served until death, April 8, 1897. No pastor ever-served Zion to whom the parish owes more. Many of the parish irregularities of former years were discarded, and yet in such fine spirit that few found fault. His first services were held in Hausmann’s Hall, where a new constitution was adopted, August 18, 1889. While Zion Church was incorporated in 1854, no record of the act could be found, and it was therefore reincorporated, October 8, 1889, and admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod in the following year. At that time it was already a great congregation of 1450 members. A frame school house was built in 1890, .where services were held for a time. The corner stone of the restored church was laid, October 5, 1890, and the building dedicated by Pastor Glasow, May 3, 1891. It was built of brick, with a high steeple, at a cost of $30,000. Despite heavy flood losses, all but $14,000 was provided at once. JLwutheran books were then introduced into all departments of church work. The next pastors were Rev. John Luepke, 1897-1899, and Rev. Hugo R. Erdmann, 1900-1914. At the beginning of the latter pastorate a brick parsonage was erected at 119 Jackson street for $10,000. In 1901 two more bells were added to the flood bell in the tower. The interior of the church was remodelled in 1906, and a service of rededication was conducted by Pastor Erdmann, November 11, 1906. By this time it was apparent that the parish could not be properly developed without the use of sub- urban chapels. Salem Chapel of Moxham was built for $6,400, HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 777 and dedicated by Pastor Erdmann, February 13, 1910. Bethany Chapel of Walnut Grove was bought from the United Breth- ten for $3,750, June [17 1916;sremodelled at a cost of $2,000, and dedicated by Pastor E. A. Tappert,. February 26, 1922. The .cost of both chapels was financed by Zion. Sunday Schools and regular services are held in both places. An effort was made to organize the Germans of Ehrenfeld and Summer Hill in 1910, but this effort failed. In February of 1910 altar panels, painted by Doctor William Steinhauser of Frankfort, were presented by J. L. Tross in memory of the flood. The school house was re- placed by a brick parish house at a cost of $32,000, and this was dedicated by Pastor Erdmann, May 10, 1914. When the schools of Salem and Bethany unite with that of the parish house in a celebration, the seating capacity of Zion is taxed to the limit. Pastor Erdmann took a vacation trip to Europe soon after this dedication, and the parish was shocked to learn of his death in London, July 30, 1914. With much difficulty his body was brought from war-disturbed England, and laid to rest in Grandview Cemetery. His successor was Doctor Ernst A. Tappert, who began his labors here, November 12, 1914. His son, Wilfried Tappert, was installed as his assistant, June 20, 1920. Under the ministry of the Tapperts there has been a large development in the parish, especially in benevolence after the introduction of the duplex system. Zion’s Brotherhood was organized with more than 200 members, February 4, 1915. From 1916 to 1917 Pastor F. J. Fuerst served as a congrega- tional missionary. In 1918 the steeple of the church was struck by lightning, and it was found advisable to take it down. Dur- ing the World War the service flag of Zion had 207 stars, of which 5 were gold. At the 70th anniversary of Zion, the mort- gage was burned and another forward movement planned. The property at 613 Locust street was bought for $40,000, and used for the parsonage, but the chief purpose of the purchase was the future enlargement of the chancel of Zion. In 1924 the parish reported 2756 confirmed members. A feature of parish life for many years was the teaching work of Mrs. E. A. Tappert. The pastors of Zion have served in the following order: Rev. ‘Theobald .Kleis, 1852-1853; Rev: €. C. A. Brandt, 1853-1855; Rev. H. $. Lasar, 1855-1856; Rev. Karl Kress, 1856-1859; Rev. W. Sick, 1859-1862; Rev. Carl Taubner, M.D., 1862-1876; Rev. Karl Knortz, 1876-1882; Rev. Herman Veith, 1882-1889; Rev. le dee Bichtenbers,) 1669;sRevy. Pir As Glasow, 1889-1897: Rey. John Luepke, 1897-1899; Rev. H. R. Erdmann, 1900-1914; Rev. E. A. Tappert, D.D., 1914-; Rev. Wilfried Tappert (assistant), 1920-. SI NI oO HISTORYSOF CER EaPIDPSBURGH SYNOD GRACE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH FRANKLIN, PA. Friedens Lutheran: Church was organized by Rev. Henry Weicksel with 32 members in 1852. A number of these had wor-. shipped with the Highland Church, organized three years before. A lot on Buffalo street was bought for $150, where the corner stone of a frame church was laid by Pastor Weicksel, June 3, 1852. Because of lack of funds the church was not completed until December 8, 1861, when it was dedicated by Pastor Isaac Brenneman. A charter was secured for the “Evangelical Lu- therian Friedens (Harmony) Congregation,’ November 30, 1885, the petition being signed by the following: Henry Maria Rechtel, Elizabeth Seifer, Catherine Henry, Catherine Roeman, John IL. Seiier, Ludwig Keely, Susanna Roeman, Anna C. Seifer, Henry Kester, George and Anna Roeman, Anna M. Seifer, William Kunkel, Abraham Roemer, Herman Seifer, Susanna Miller, Abraham Roemer, Catherine Seifer, Jacob Miller, James Schneider, Jacob (2) Steifel, Frederick Miller, Catherine Schneider, George Steifel, Martin Miller, Jonathan Schneider, Catherine West, George Miller, Maria Streck, Andrew West, Marget Rechtel, Isaac (2) Seifer, Michael Young, John Friedens Church was then a part of the Venango Mission, consisting of Dempseytown, Mt. Pleasant, Center, and Cran- berry. Pastor Weicksel served until June 1, 1855, when he and Pastor John A. Nuner exchanged parishes. The parish consisted of Franklin, New Lebanon, Center, St. James, Cranberry, Mt. Pisgah, and Dempsey- town in 1857, and was counted the hardest field in” | thes = synode = VVlen Rev. J. M. Long became pastor of Franklin, New Lebanon, and Dempsey- town in 1868, he reor- ganized thes iamiilan church “as an ~Enelish congregation of 29 mem- bers, Junev lo. lS638 5m amendment to the chart- er, #) an Wanye OFM egO, changed™ the #name resto “Grace Evangelical Lu- theran Church”. During the pastgrate of Rev. H. J. G. Bartholomew, 1884- 1892, the old church was sold to the Baptists for How Oho ie pier ly PSO BURGH SYNOD ff2 $1,000, and the lot at Buffalo and 11th streets bought for $900. Here the corner stone of the second church was laid, July 25, 1886, and the building dedicated by Pastor Bartholomew, Janu- ary 9, 1887. It was built of frame, 48x74, at a cost of $7,000, and contained a church, primary room and parsonage. During this pastorate the mission became self-sustaining, During the pastorate of Rev. W. R. Swickard, 1897-1901, the church was renovated and a pipe organ installed at a total cost of $2,500. The building was rededicated by Pastor Swickard, November 6, 1898. A long pastorate by Rev. W. G. D. Hudson was closed in death, June 7, 1920, and his body laid to rest in the Franklin cemetery. Under. the leadership of Pastor M. R. Kunkelman, the parsonage at 1034 Buffalo street was secured at a cost of $7,000, and the church was renovated. There has been a grati- fying development in the parish in recent years, the membership being increased to 245 and a brotherhood room built. The pas- tors were: Rev. Henry Weicksel, 1852-1855; Rev. J. A. Nuner, 1855-1860; Rev. Isaac Brenneman, 1860-1863; Rev. W. F. Ulery, 1863-1865; Rev. Michael Kuchler (German supply), 1865; Sup- plies, 1865-1868; Rev. J. M. Long, 1868-1873; Supplies, 1873- 1874; Rev. S. W. Kuhns, 1875-1881; Rev. F. W. Kohler, 1881- Poot sehev i |e Gea bartnolomew,. 1804-1892: Rev, Ely J. ET. Lemcke, 1892-1896; Rev. W. R. Swickard, 1897-1901; Rev. W. G. D. Hudson, 1902-1920; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1920-1925; Rev. J. W. Ramsey, 1925-. Si oe VANGEEICAT LULBHERAN CHURCH Pw hOONA, PA: This congregation was organized by Rev. Henry Seifert of the Alleghany Synod in 1860. The first place of worship was First Church, and the first officers were: F. W. Myers, Conrad Boehm, Henry Lenz, Henry Reich, Philip Fertel, and Christian Brennecke, elders; Nicholas Marks, Stephen Winters, George Lesli, William Schomberg, George Kerschner, and Conrad Hall- acher, deacons. Pastor Seifert withdrew after a few months of service, and Pastor John H. Schmidt was installed, November 24, 1861. St. James united with the Alleghany Synod in 1862. The lot on the corner of Eighth avenue and 14th street, 50x120, was bought for $400, where a small frame church was built. The corner stone was laid, June 29, 1862, and the church dedicated by Pastor ochnudtMarch#l15,31863e" Dhe lotuadjoining thechurch was bought for $800 in 1864. When Pastor Schmidt resigned, April 15, 1864, he was succeeded by Pastor Michael Wolf, who served from August 1, 1864, to May 1, 1875. During this period the church was transferred from the Alleghany to the Pittsburgh Synod. At the time of the transfer it had 109 members. The 780 HISTORY OFVTHE PITTSBURGH SsyY NOD next pastor was Rev. Carl Jaeckel, who began his. work, July l, l3sa During the last year of his pastorate he tried to persuade the church to make two changes in the cons titiit1omn, onesp which released the pastor from the requirement to belong to the Pittsburgh Synod, and this aroused such a storm of opposi- tion that he was com- pelled to resign, July 11, 1881. Doctor Passavant = then visited the congre- a gation and advised that a charter bessécured #that would settle for all time the question of synodical relations. This charter was secured, July 26, 1882, and binds the pastor to the Pittsburgh Synod. Doctor G. A. Wenzel rendered splendid service during this storm period, and installed Pastor H. J. H; Lemcke, December 11, 1881... “Under ithe leadership ominis pastor, 1881-1891, the congregation was greatly blessed, the mem- bership increasing to 569 communicants. ‘This splendid develop- ment necessitated the erection of a larger church. The corner stone of the second church was laid, August 4, 1889, and the completed church dedicated by Pastor Lemcke, September 14, 1890. It was a large two-story brick structure, 60x80, and cost $29,948. The first English services of St. James were held in 1891, when Pastor Lemcke was instructed to conduct services in that language every alternate Sunday evening. The next pastor was Rev. John Muller, 1891-1898, who served as the head ot the movement for Russian famine relief, about $25,000 being gathered. His successor was Pastor Charles Louis Boecele, who was installed, June 12, 1898. His first task was the liquidation of a debt of $12,000. When this had been accomplished, a fund of $4,000 was raised to secure chancel furniture of rare beauty. The parsonage was built for $5,541 in 1903. A Saturday paro- chial school was taught by Pastor Boecele for several years. When the health of the pastor broke under the strain of his heavy work, he was constrained to retire, July 30, 1920. His successor was Pastor Reinhold Schmidt, 1920-1924, under whose leadership the congregation enjoyed a large measure of pros- perity. The church was thoroughly renovated at a cost of RA cs ry Hes Oo SS: ay = Cea ii R3 oe oe = ob HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 781 $7,553, and rededicated by Pastor Schmidt, September 17, 1922. The next pastor was Rev. Jacob F. Flegler, who was installed, a 27, 1924. A consecutive list of pastorates follows: Rev. enry Seifert, 1860-1861; Rev. J. H. Schmidt, 1861-1864; Rev. Michael Wolf, 1864-1875; Rev. Carl Jaeckel, 1875-1881; Rev. G. A. Wenzel, D.D. (supply), 1881; Rev. H. J. H. Lemcke, 1881- 1891; Rey. John Muller, 1891-1898; Rev. C. L. Boecele, 1898- 1920; Rev. Reinhold Schmidt, 1920-1924; Rev. J. F.: Flegler, 1924-. FIRST EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH RIDGW AYAPA: The founding of this church is credited to Rev. Isaac Brenneman. Accepting a commission from the Pittsburgh Synod he entered the field in the fall of 1870, seeking the scat- tered Lutherans of Warren, Cameron, McKean, and Elk counties, holding regular services at Tidioute, Ridgway, Emporium, and Bunker Hill. The most promising fields were Tidioute and Ridgway, the first service in the latter place being held in Ger- man, December 4, 1870, The first communion was held, Septem- ber 27, 1871, when 14 children were baptized and 25 persons re- ceived the sacrament of the altar. Regular services were held every two weeks, alternating between German and English, until April 14, 1872, when Pastor Brenneman organized a congrega- tion of 35 members. A constitution was adopted at the same time, and the following officers were elected: George Walker, elder ; John Wonderly and John Christ, deacons; John A. Miller, Philipmeiecescu aud. aspera bruegoer,, trustees.) Lhe: original members were: Bruegger, Casper Bruegger, Arnold Bruegger, Verona Bruegger, Elizabeth Christ, John Christ, Elizabeth Dahler, Henry and Anna Gower, Adam Gower, Elizabeth Greenawalt, Abraham Greenawalt, Mary Greenawalt, Abbey Hollobach, John Hollobach, Mary Imdorf, Elizabeth Jaeggi, Barbara Kehrley, Melchor Kehrley, Elizabeth Lesser, Philip Lesser, Caroline Loefler, Elizabeth Miller, John A. Miller, Margaret Miller, Anna 1} Roof, Samuel Roof, Lucy A. Sleight, Emma Thom, John Walker, George Walker, Salome Weiss, Fred and wife Wonderly, John Wonderly, Margaret A class of fifteen young people was confirmed, April 28, 1872, so that the original members really numbered fifty. Prompt plans were made for the erection of a church. The corner stone was laid, June 29, 1873, and the church dedicated, October 24-25, 1874. A Swedish address was delivered by Rev. J. Melander, a German address by Rev. G. A. Bruegel, and an English address by Doctor Henry W. Roth on the occasion of the dedication. After the resignation of Pastor Brenneman in 1878, Rev. John Sander took charge of the parish and served 782 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Ee De first as a student supply, and then as their regular i pastor, 1880-1885. By sess Sass the, efforts” of, Piajsitom | Sander the church debt was paid and extensive repairs made on the tow- er. Besides holding two services in Ridgway every Sunday, this pas- tor made regular trips* to Agroyo. Ce nie tay times Farleyville, Highland, Wit lco.x, + Roltesgang Johnsonburg. Sometimes the journey was made on foot in order not to dis- i ca Ae appoint the people. Early BS) at in 1884 a number of the members withdrew to form the Swiss Reform- ed Church. Soon after the incorporation of the congregation on May 26, 1884, the constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted. When Pastor Sander resigned, August 16, 1885, he left a united German congregation of 150 members, for whom one English sermon was provided every month. During the next pastorate, 1885-1888, Rev. A. F. Schaeffer preached altogether in German, but succeeded in building up the church into a self-sustaining parish. The next pastor was Rev. A. R. J. Graepp, who served from 1888 to 1892. His successor was Rev. Emanuel Cressman, who served as a supply in 1892, and became the regular pastor, January 1, 1893. From 1894 to 1897 he preached at Portland Mills, Brandy Camp, and the German settlement. The silver anniversary of the parish was celebrated, August 22, 1897, when a Good Shepherd window placed in the chancel of the church was dedicated. This pastorate was closed in death, October 6, 1898, and the body of Pastor Cressman was taken to Bethlehem, Pa., for interment. The pastorate of Rev. Joseph Hart Orr began on March 28, 1899, and continued until May 1, 1906. During this time much was done to solve the language question. The Sunday School was made entirely English, and the graded system of the General Council intro- duced. All the services of the church were held in English, ex- cept the first and third Sundays of every month, which were German. The Luther League and Ladies Aid Society were or- ganized, and the envelograph system of finance was introduced. The next pastor was Rev. John I. Shaud, who served from July HislORSSOr THEO PLiTSBURGH SYNOD 783 14, 1907, to May 31, 1909. His successor was Rev..Franklin E. Strobel, who held his first service on February 6, 1910, but con- ducted no service in German until April 10, when it was decided to hold an English chief service every Sunday morning, but to give the Germans a service on the first and third Sundays of every month at an early hour. In order to make this provision it was necessary to shift the hour for Sunday School to 11:30. The Martin Luther Brotherhood was organized during this year, and a movement started looking toward a new church. Pastor Strobel gathered a building fund of $5,000, but the letting of the contract was not authorizéd until May 4, 1913. The corner stone was laid, October 5, 1913, and the completed church dedicated by Pastor Strobel, August 23, 1914. It was built of brick and stone, furnished according to Lutheran usage, at a cost of $21,000. Pastor Strobel resigned, April 25, 1916, and the congregation then invited Student Oscar J. Warnath to spend his senior vaca- tion in the parish. His services were so pleasing to all that he became the regular pastor after his ordination in the following year, serving from July 1, 1917, to January 1, 1922. When the last dollar of debt was paid, March 2, 1919, a service of special thanksgiving was held. The language question was finally settled, May 11, 1919, since when no German services have been held. A two-manual Teller-Kent pipe organ was installed at a cost of $4,000, and dedicated by Pastor Warnath, January 30, 1921. The next pastor was Rev. Luther A. Krouse, who began his pastorate immediately after his ordination on June 22, 1922. During the summer of 1923 the old parsonage adjoining the church was torn down, and a fine home for the pastor erected at an approximate cost of $11,000. The unity of the congregation is delightful, and a great future is before them. The following is a list of the* pastorates: Rev. Isaac Brenneman, 1872-1878; Rev. John Sander, 1880-1885; Rev. A. F. Schaeffer, 1885-1888 ; Rev. A. R. J. Graepp, 1888-1892 ; Rev. Emanuel Cressman, 1893- 1898; Rev. J. .H. Orr, 1899-1906; Rev. J. I. Shaud, 1907-1909; Rev. F. E. Strobel, 1910-1916; Rev. O. J. Warnath, 1917-1922; Rev. L. A. Krouse, 1922-. See OLN LE VANGHTICATAPUTHERAN CHURCH EMEBN LON. PAL This church was organized in the Hill street school house by Rev. J. B. Fox, June 30, 1869. An agreement was made with the Reformed to build a union church, which provided that this relationship should continue for ten years, unless two-thirds of the members of each congregation wished to extend the time. A lot on the corner of Main and Fourth streets was bought, and a two-story brick church erected for $3,600. The corner stone was 784 HISTORY OB STORE PITTSBURGH ss YNOD laid, July 3, 1869, but the time of the dedication of the church is not recorded. The first members of St. John’s were: Allebach, Henry Lawall, Mrs. Stephen Whittling, John Allebach, Mrs. Henry Lawall, Marietta Whittling, Mrs. John Gilbert, Mathias aad wife Taylor, Mrs. Thomas Whittling, Christina The first church officers were Henry Allebach and John Whittling. A union Sunday School was conducted with a good attendance. The two congregations worshipped in the same building until June 30, 1885, when the Luther- ans withdrew and built a church on the hill. This church was built of frame at a cost of $2,000, and was dedicated by Pastor Hox, Januaryonopeooe: After the resignation of Pastor (Hox; iMay gatos 1888, the church was made a. part»otetParkes Mission. ‘This arrange- ment continued until 1897, when Pastor Jacob Ash began to serve them in connection with Beav- 4 er Parish. He then re- == es ported a membership of thirty in St. John’s. An- other parish was formed in 1901, consisting of Parker, Emlenton, and St. Petersburg. After the Parker church was disbanded, Emlenton and St. Petersburg constituted a parish until April 1, 1920, when Salem was added. Services are now held every two weeks. ‘The pas- tors of St’ John’s avere: Rev. J. (Bj Hox, 180921883) Reva same Bacher, 1889-1890; Rev. D. D. Miller, 1890-1892; Rev. J. K. Melhorn and other supplies, 1892-1893; Rev. Jacob Ash, 1894- 1897; Rev. Ludwig Beisecker, 1897-1900; Rev. Bernard Repass, 1901-1904; Rev. W. C. Beck, 1905-1911; Rev. H. D. Whitteker, 1912-1913; Rev. Bernard Fetterly, 1914-1916; Rev. William Weicksel, 1916-1919; Rev. W. R. Goff, 1920-1923; Rev.. J. R. Booth, 1923-. STAPAUL/ S*EVANGEVIGALDHL UTE RAN CHURCH DUBOIS, PA. When Rev. Isaac Brenneman was commissioned as pastor of the North East Mission in 1870, his missionary journeys led to HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 785 Dubois, but he was not ES Se able to effect an organi- : Zationune Lhe: (Credityeior ‘ sob ° c 9 Soe) oN Rem Ot Ie Ol tin GD ese act ZGE eae wee Paul’s Church is given to A Bove jailed liner oT Reynoldsville, who be- gan to preach in Dubois in 1880, and founded the congregation with 25 members, February 10, 1881. A constitution was adopted, June 17, 1884, in which the congrega- tion pledged its allegiance to the “Pittsburgh Synod of the General Coun- Gilgeme Wcsscomier «stone of their church was laid, June 29, 01884, and the completed building dedi- cated, November 23, 1884. It was a Gothic brick structure, 40x70, equipped with a spire, and cost $7,500. The officiating clergy at the dedication were Pastor J. H. Kline, Rev. J. K. Mel- horn, and Doctor W. A. Passavant. Ill health led to the resigna- tion of Pastor Kline, September 1, 1885, but the work of the Lord had prospered in his hands, and he was able to report a church of 112 communing members. His successor was Rev. Isaac K. Wismer, who served from October 1, 1885, to May 22, 1892. During this pastorate, a great conflagration swept Dubois and many of the members lost their homes, but a change of wind stopped the flames before they could reach St. Paul’s. Soon after this calamity, the Swedes of the congregation withdrew in order to form a separate church, but St.- Paul’s continued to prosper. A legal charter was secured, and a troublesome debt of $4000 was reduced to $1600. A parsonage was built on the lot adjoining the church in 1891. When Pastor Wismer closed his labors he reported a self-sustaining congregation of 168 mem- bers. His successors were Rev. Robert G. Rosenbaum, 1892- 1897, Rev. G. L. Rankin, 1897-1900, and Rev. D. P. T. Cricken- berger, 1901-1910. During the last named pastorate, 252 new members were added to the congregation and many improve- ments made to the property. These improvements included the building of an addition for Sunday School work, the replacing of the pews and the installation of a pipe organ at a total cost of $10,000. The church was rededicated, April 28, 1907, when Pastor Crickenberger was assisted by Doctor A. L. Yount. St. 786 HISTORY OFVIHE, PILTSBURGH SYNOD Paul’s swarmed for the second time in 1906, when a number of members withdrew to form Trinity Church, which united with the Alleghany Synod. This gave to Dubois four Lutheran con- gregations, greatly limiting the field that had once been occupied by St. Paul’s alone. Rev. Robert D. Roeder began his pastorate here, April 10, 1910, and served until November 25, 1923. Dur- ing this time extensive improvements were made to both par- sonage and church. A beautiful Gothic altar with reredos, pre- sented by the women of St. Paul’s, was dedicated by Pastor Roeder, January, 2, 1916. In the center of the reredos‘is an oil painting, “Jesus standing at the door’, a memorial to Mr. and Mrs. George W. Pifer. The list of pastorates is as follows: Rev. J. H. Kline, 1881-1885; Rev. I. K. Wismer, 1885-1892; Rev. R. G. Rosenbaum, 1892-1897; Rev. G. L. Rankin, 1897-1900; Rev. D. P. T. Crickenberger, 1901-1910; Rev. R. D. Roeder, 1910- 1923; Rev. Joseph C. Klingensmith, 1924-. ZIONS EVANGELICAL CDUTHERA Ny CHURCH RENO Ose ee Early in the spring of 1881, Pastor John Sander of Ridgway in passing through this town made inquiry concerning its Lu- theran population. In order to gather fuller information he held a service in Masonic Hall, April 24, 1881, and learned that there were about thirty per- sons who would welcome the organization of a Lu- theran Church. Student Charles S. Seaman spent the summer of 1881 in Renovo, and_ succeeded in finding about sixty confirmed Lutherans, who were ready to wel- come a _ pastor. Zion’s Evangelical; Du Chieram Church was formally or- ganized, July 10, 1881, when the following men were chosen as the first deacons:* John; Fox#Srz George Anderson, Man- nie Hedstrom, Joseph R. Koehler, Nathan M. Eisenhaur, Charles John- HISTORY OF THE) PITTSBURGH SYNOD 787 son, John Suderberg, and Gustav Melquist. The constitution recommended by the General Council was adopted, August 1, 1881. During the following winter and spring the new congre- gation was supplied by neighboring ministers,eand Rev. Charles S. Seaman became the first regular pastor as soon as he had been ordained by the Muinisterium of Pennsylvania, June 23, 1882. The church was admitted to the Pittsburgh Synod and given missionary assistance for ten years. A Sunday School was organized at once, with the pastor as superintendent and Nathan M. Eisenhaur as his assistant. The following is the earliest available list of teachers: Mrs. Joseph Green, Miss Ella Fox, Di emeiitGeCOC CIM NGve. Cy ee eailan oo fe Maller) jab: Mahaffie, and Mrs. C..S. Seaman. Services were held in G. A. R. Hall for about a year, and then steps were taken to build a church. A lot on the corner of Huron avenue and Eleventh street was secured, and the corner stone of a small church laid by Pastor Seaman, June 3, 1883. This church was built of frame, 25x50, and had a seating capacity of 230. It was sur- mounted by a cupola and cross. The feast of dedication was held, November 11, 1883. A charter was obtained, February 18, 1884. When Pastor Seaman resigned, December 12, 1886, a call was extended to Rev. L. M. C. Weicksel, who began his long and fruitful pastorate, February 20, 1887. During the years that followed he saw the little mission develop into a great church of recognized worth and power. One of his first acts was to pay a church debt of $1,500. Securing the permission of the congre- gation, he then built a commodious study at the rear of the church. The women of Zion had been organized by Pastor Sea- man as the Ladies Working Society; these were reorganized in 1888 as the Ladies Aid, and have rendered great help in the financing of the church. During the great flood of 1889 many of the members of Zion suffered heavily, and the high waters reached a depth of four feet in the church. The damage to the church property, however, was quickly repaired. A number of the older members withdrew in 1889, when the Swedish Church was organized, but the relations between the two churches has always been most cordial. A Young Peoples Society was or- ganized in 1893, which changed its name to Luther League in the following year. The congregation gradually outgrew the little frame church of 1883, and a building fund was quietly gathered for the purpose of erecting a more adequate house of worship. The frame church was moved to the rear of the lot and converted into a parish house; then a contract was let for the building of a new church. The first contract was let for $12,795, April 17, 1906, but the contractor failed, and a second contract was let for the completion of the church. The corner stone was laid, August 5, 1906, and the church dedicated, April 788 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 5, 1908. It was built of stone, cruciform in plan and Gothic in style, and ranks among the most churchly buildings of the synod. Zion’s Brotherhood was organized, May 15, 1908, and the Wo- men’s Missionary ‘Society on October 10, 1911. This congrega- tion has always been noted for good church music, and one of the very happy events in their history was the dedication of a good pipe organ, May 23, 1920, when the address was delivered by Doctor T. B. Roth. The rich favor of God has been manifest throughout all these years, and the people of Zion have worked together in perfect harmony to the glory of God. SIS PATH oH ANGE] [CATT Uae Cir RANGED G ET Un Gals COMDERSPORe wth. As early as the year 1850 a*number of Germans came to Potter County and engaged in the lumber industry. Their num- bers were gradually augmented until 1880, when there were be- tween thirty and forty families. As the lumber industry of the region declined a number of them removed to other places, but others took up farming lands in the valley and became permanent citizens. When Rev. Julius Herman Voss became the missionary of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania in the Germania settlement, he held occasional services for the Germans of this community in the school house at Olmstead. These services were continued through a period of three or four years, but resulted in no permanent organization. At» the: instigation or Doctor W. A. Passavant, Pastor John Sander of Ridgway visited Couders- port, September 23-24, 1884, but could not find sufficient interest to jus- tify the holding of a 3 service. During his sec- \ ond: visite: Octobereme: ; 1884, the first Lutheran service of Coudersport was held in the Presby- terian Church. After an | appropriation of $400 by HL the Pittsburgh Synod, MOSS Ae al emai eeleve Cie Cte eS P==Qyoe= ‘e caEeN, the field it IX ganized a German- English congregation of HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 789 71 members, May 16, 1886. ‘The first officers under the new constitution were William F. Junge, Henry Tauberi, George H. Hoffman, C. G. Zimmerman, Gustave H. Grabe, and Theodore A. Grabe. Services were also held by Pastor Grossman in the Schaudenberger school house near Mina, in order to satisfy the Germans of the lower valley. His plan was to organize a parish of three congregations, located at Coudersport, Olmstead, and Roulette, but this could not be matured. His successor was Pastor E. J. Meissner, who encouraged them to secure a lot on the corner of Allegheny avenue and Borie street at a cost of $500, and build a small frame church. The corner stone was laid, September 18, 1887, and the church dedicated by Pastor Meissner, August 5, 1888. While they were in the building spirit a frame parsonage was built on the rear of the church lot at a. cost of $500. Large donations kept down the cost of both build- ings. ‘Their church was remodelled during the pastorate of Rev. I. H. Stetler, and rededicated by him, April 20, 1902. A Sunday School annex was built at a cost of $4,200 in 1923, and dedicated by Pastor Nathanael Scheffer, December 20, 1923. Improve- ments were made to the parsonage at the same time, in which the Ladies’ Aid Society had a large part. During the pastorate of Rev. William Weicksel, 1891-1895, preaching stations at Sweden Valley and Roulette were abandoned, and congregations at Mina and Costello were organized. A frame church was built in Mina in 1894, but was later abandoned. During the pastorate of Rev. W. F. Mosser there were large accessions to the parish, and it became self-sustaining; but the decline of the lumber industry and the removal of many families made the church a mission again after 1917. ‘The pastors served in the following order: Rey. H. C. Grossman, 1886; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1887-1890; Rev. William Weicksel, 1891-1895; Rev. W. F. Mosser, 1896- 1898; Rev. I. H. Stetler, 1898-1907; Rev. E. O. Graham, 1908- OUR ever Gs Ke opicelepilOlI1O12; Rev) ujomVie Sappentield; 1913-1917; Student A. W. Trumpeter (supply), 1918; Student A.C. P. Hays (supply), 1919; Rev. Nathanael Scheffer, 1920-. ST. JOHN’S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH JOHNSONBURG, PA. The first services for the Lutherans of Johnsonburg and Rolfe were held by Pastor A. R. J. Graepp'in 1888. These services were held in the union chapel of Rolfe. A preliminary meeting was held in the home of Mr. Lawrence on Christmas Eve, and St. John’s Church was organized with 38 members, December 30, 1888. The most difficult problem of the young congregation was the selection of a satisfactory church site. 790 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD pgs , Some wanted to build in a) eae : Johnsonburg; others con- Pons ai tended for Rolfe; and a os uy appointed by the synod Ul to settle the controversy. By i | For the first twelve years \ services were held in the [ \} union chapel, and_ this W\ was satisfactory to few. y \y) St. John’s was served by the Ridgway pastors until July 15, 1893, when it be- came a mission of the _ Pittsburgh Synod. As- sistance was given from a 18930 sto veo Tee tis E eo ae moe ~~ special “committee was eee Sey rage c | ‘| ERY the pastorate of Rev. (s calls 2 Joseph Schmalenbach, @) 1898-1902, a brick church was built in Rolfe at a cost of $3,000, on a lot donated by Mr. Kistler. The church was dedicated by Pastor Schmalenbach, March 17, 1901. During the pastorate of Rev. Paul Kummer, 1905-1909, the congregation was greatly strengthened, and built a parsonage on the lot ad- joining the church. The basement of the church was fitted up for social and educational purposes at the same time. ‘The public services now alternate between German and English. The pas- tors served in the following order: Rev. A. R. J. Graepp, 1888- 1892; Rev. Emanuel Cressman, 1893; Rev. C. F. Tiemann, 1894- 1896; Rev. J. H. Orr (supply), 1897; Rev. Joseph Schmalen- bach, 1898-1902; Supplies, 1902-1905; Rev. Paul Kummer, 1905- 1909; Rev. John Muller, 1910-1911; Rev. A. Gruhn, 1911-1921; ReveP. |eCyGlatzeremloz i= ST. PAUL’S GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH JOHNSTOWN, PA. The beginnings of this church are traceable to Pastor Herman Veith of Zion Church. He held a meeting in Young’s Hall, February 10, 1889, which was attended by a number of German families of Morrellville, Brownstown, and Cambria City. A temporary organization of 70 members was effected; then came the great flood of May 31, 1889, and chaos. On November 10, 1889, a new start was made, the impetus for which came from the offer of Walter Strayer to donate a lot on the corner of HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 791 Chandler avenue and Glenn street for $25, provided a church was built there by June 1, 1890. The congregation was reor- ganized as “St. Paul’s German Evangelical Lutheran Church”, but the word Evangelical was dropped, November 9, 1891, when a petition for a charter was authorized. A small frame church was dedicated by Pastors Veith, Helmkamp, and Kuebler, Sep- tember 28, 1890. Although the church was organized as Lu- theran, and willing to remain such, Rev. F. W. Helmkamp of the Evangelical Synod was asked to provide their first pastor, and a missionary appropriation of $150 was accepted from that body. Their first four pastors, 1889-1902, were members of the Evan- gelical Church. For a time an initiation fee of $2.00 was charged all new members, but this was soon abandoned. ‘The Mission’s Fest was their only method of gathering benevolence for many years. The Ladies’ Aid Society was organized, January 24, 1892, but the Women’s Missionary Society did not come into being until 1920. During the pastorate of Rev. August Bender, 1899- 1900, the parish became self-sustaining, and a revised constitution was adopted. During the pastorate of Rev. Richard Hempel, 1900-1902, it was decided to relocate the church and build a school house. A site on Virginia avenue was bought for $600, February 17, 1901, where a frame school house was built. The corner stone of a new brick church was laid by Pastor Hempel, August 24, 1902, but this pastor resigned before the building was completed. In the meantime Pastor H. R. Erdmann of Zion Church had won the confidence of the congregation, and they turned to him for their next pastor. Pastor Ru- dolf Nieder, of the Pitts- burgh Synod was then called, and the church united with that body in IDO03h Lhe -churcha)was (ediuc ate cae Dy bastot Nieder, February 22, 1903, when the congrega- MOnsasO tee Z.1ONs, aldga st, Paul’s united for the serv- iceumennee Costus ots the church and school house was $8,463. During the pastorate of Rev. Her- mann Kaufmann, 1910- 1911, a double house ad- joining the church was bought for $3,800, and one side used as the par- 792 HISTORY ORV EePiL tT SBURGHI SY NOD sonage. In 1913 a pipe organ was dedicated by Pastor Carl R. Stolz, Mr. J. Dudek donating the cost of the gallery in which it was placed. On Christmas Day of 1915 it was decided to have English Vespers every four weeks. The duplex sys- tem was introduced, November 7, 1920, and the result of their first every member canvass surpassed all expectations. During the pastorate of Rev. C. H. Beiderbecke, 1921-1924, there was a splendid development in the work of the parish. The school house was removed to the rear of the church lot, remodelled at a cost of $7,500, and dedicated by Pastors FE. A. Tappert and C. H. Beiderbecke, February 19, 1922. The double house was also re- modelled as the parsonage. ‘The death of Pastor Beiderbecke, March 30, 1924, was a severe blow to the panish, for he had been one of the most capable leaders of their history. A complete list of pastors is as follows: Rev. Karl Brunn, 1891-1896; Rev. R. Mueller, 1896-1899; Rev. August Bender, 1899-1900; Rev. Richard Hempel, 1900-1902; Rev. Rudolf Nieder, 1903-1910; Rev. Hermann Kaufmann, 1910-1911; Rev. C. R. Stolz, 1912- 1920; Rev. C. H. Beiderbecke Jr., 1921-1924; Rev. K, E. B. Molzahn, 1924-. SL.. JOHN'S EVANGEVIGCALT AU TEER ANS CER GEL PARKERSBURG, W.VA. In 1885 Pastor Heinrich Christopher Otto Meerwein came from Wheeling to Parkersburg, established churches at Red Hill and Sand Hill, and began Lutheran services in the Presbyterian Church of Parkersburg. Sickness led to his resignation, and he was called home, May 26, 1891. A Sunday School was organ- ized in the home of his widow, May 29, 1892, which prepared the way ‘for the organization of the “Ev. Lutherische St. Johannes Gemeinde”, June 6, 1893. The first officers were C. M. Boyer, :C.°F. Kramer, John Rv Hiehle; Otto" Lehmann: Ga, Muhn, George Beorn, John Fries, Albert Koch, J. Geis, and A. Hoffman. It was soon decided to incorporate, but a charter was not secured until 1898. Being an independent church, it drifted without experienced counsel through many severe trials. Most of the pastors were supplies. Under the leadership of Pastor L. O. Hammer, the church united with the Pittsburgh Synod and received the support that made permanent work possible. For a time Pastor Hammer served Parkersburg, Red Hill, Sand Hill, and St. Clara, but Parkersburg alone constituted the parish after 1905. A new constitution was adopted, December 11, 1905, when 73 members were enrolled. A lot on Avery street was bought for $3,300 in 1904, and a brick church built for $12,000. ‘This building was dedicated by Pastor F. C. Longaker, October 29, 1905. Here the congregation grew and prospered until March HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD 793 19, 1909, when the break- ee ise mp of the cityiwa ter tanks completely wreck- ed the building and its gi pecasss equipment. In a suit fo1 ii Nits damages against the city, | fi : Z mmm ITT the congregation was giv- en $18,000 and interest adjoining lots were bought for $4,100 in a for six years. The two | \| 1910, on one of which : was a dwelling used as a : parsonage. On the other lot was erected a _ port- able chapel, in which the congregation worshipped Rah = Frolov: 19140) Oi iP =e ye Whitsunday of 1914 the es . corner stone of a brick 2) | chapel was laid by Pas- | tor H. S. Gilbert, and this was used for the first time, October 1, 1914. It was built at a cost of $5,000, largely from material taken from the ruins of the old church. The use of German in the services was discontinued in 1910, and the mission became a self-supporting parish in 1915. A great impetus was given to the work by the generosity of Mrs. Cecilia Nelly Etz and Mr. and Mrs. Edward Nelly. A lot on the corner of 19th and Plum Birecioewas pournttor p.U,300, December 30; 1922.: "At that time the Avery street property was valued at $20,000, and a building fund of $21,000 had been accumulated. Pastor J. L. Fischer was tireless in his efforts to increase this building fund; and the erection of a worthy church will be undertaken in the near future. The list of pastors, so far as can be learned, is as follows: Rev. C. L. Boecele, 1893; Rev. C. Freudenreich, 1894; Rev. P. G. Doepkin, 1895-1896; Rev. P. Plathner, 1896; Rev. C. A. Dieckhoff, 1897; Rev. L. O. Hammer, 1898-1905; Rev. F. C. Longaker, 1905-1908; Rev. W. H. Fehr, 1908-1910; Rev. H. S. Gilbert, 1910-1916; Rev. J. L. Fischer, 1917-. Ze NING SE WUE ELE AN CEU RCE MOUNDSVILLE, W. VA. This church was organized by Pastor 8. B. Stupp in 1904, and served by him in connection with Zion Church of Wheeling until May 1, 1906. The first services were held in private homes, 794 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD but a small frame chapel was dedicated by Pastor Stuppaeayvan 21 yee The first resident pastor was Rev. H. F. Obenauf, 1908-1911, under whom a new location at the corner of Ash avenue and Second street was secured, on which the chapel was rebuilt. The enlarged chapel was re- dedicated.” iby Medefacs: tron Obenauf, November 14, 1909. At the close of his pastorate the church en- rolled 24 members, and has since made compar- tively little progress. The *pastors were: skhev, S. B. Stupp, 1904-1906; Rev. H. F. Obenauf, 1908-1911; Rev. R. EF. McDaniel, 1911- 1919; Rev. F. C. Frommhagen, 1920-1921; Rev. I. M. Wallace. 1922-1923; Rev. William Weicksel, 1923-. — y= k ST) PAUL SSE VANGE LICAT SEU TELE RaiNe @ EL. Gaie DRAKE SMILES MGRAWHORD* COUNT Wh atae A number of German Hanoverians settled in this com- munity at an early date, but were not organized into a church by Pastor J. D. Nunnemacher until 1854. Charles Drake was deeply interested in these Germans, and gave them an acre of ground for a nominal consideration. ‘The corner stone of a frame church was laid, May 25, 1854, which was dedicated by Pastor Nunnemacher in October of the same year. Al- though repaired in 1874 and 1882, it has served as an accepta- ble place of worship to the present day. The church was in- corporated, February 12, 1867, under the name “St. Paul’s Lutheran Church of Marvin’s Mills, Cambridge Township, Crawford County, Pa..” The constitution was adopted, May 30, 1867, and the following officers were elected: Christian Halbfas, Wilhelm Rein, elders; Friedrich Traupe, August Werneke, deacons; Wilhelm Rekob, Heinrich Wollter, Chris- tian Halbfas, trustees. The first list of communing members dated November 3, 1867, contains the following names: Arnaman, Christian Arnaman, Mrs. Friedrich Bertram, Dorette Arnaman, Friedrich, Jr. Bekman, Friedrich and wife Beul, Christian and wife Arnaman, Fr iedrich, Sis Bertram, Henry and wife Bierwerth, Wm. and wife HISTORY ORSCHEY PITTSBURGH SYNOD 795 Borchers, Simon and wife Helmbrecht, Mrs. W. Steinhoff, Heinrich Donden, Mrs. Louisa Helmbrecht, Wilhelm Steinhoff, Mrs. Heinrich Halbfas, Christian Konig, Wilhelm and wife Steinhoff, Heinrich, Jr. Halbfas, Mrs. Christian Mattes, August and wife Stifel, Martin and wife Halbfas, Christian, Jr. Rein, Wilhelm and wife Stolz, Mrs. Hanna Halbfas, Mrs. Christian, Jr. Rekob, Heinrich and wife Traupe, Friedrich and wife Harman, Mrs. Amalie Rekob, Wilhelm, Jr. Traupe, August and wife Helmbrecht, August Rekob, Dorette Warneke, August and wife Helmbrecht, Friedrich Sauer, Mrs. Carolina Wollter, "Heinrich Helmbrecht, Mrs. Friedrich Schuette, August Wollter, Mrs. Heinrich German and English were used in the public services un- til 1906, when the former was discontinued. From 1854 to 1867 the church was served by Ohio Synod pastors, and the election of a Pittsburgh Synod pastor, November 1, 1867, caused a serious dispute. A large majority favored uniting with the Pittsburgh Synod, but the minority withdrew and organized a separate congregation, which met in the Unitarian Church of Cambridge Springs. Suit was then entered against the majority party for possession of the property, on the ground that the Pittsburgh Synod was not a true Lutheran body. The court decided in favor of the defendants in 1873. The minority congregation then disbanded, the greater part Dimer nemmrctutnine tonsts)auls.. At one time they attempted to return in a body, but this was not permitted. A number of the members of St. Paul’s later assisted in the organization of Grace Church of Cambridge Springs, but this effort also failed of success” Ihe pastors of St. Patl’s have been: Rev. J. D. Nunnemacher, 1845-1857; Rev. A. B. Bierdemann, D.D., 1857- 1867; Rev. Isaac Brenneman, 1867-1870; Rev. Philip Doerr, 1871-1873; Rev. George Gaumer, 1874-1880; Rev. Emanuel Cressman, 1881-1886; Rev. J. H. Ritter, 1887-1889; Rev. G. A. Benze, 1889-1891; Rev. E. J. Meissner, 1891-1906; Rev. R. E. McDaniel, 1907-1909; Rev. Peter Riffer, 1911-1913; Rev. M. R. Kunkelman, 1915-1920; Rev. A.C. P. Hays, 1921-1922; Rev. A. yee oni ee De (supply). [92371925 Revs | eV Dean, 1925-2 * Cris letvANGETICALSLUTMIERAN CHURCH NOAA le Paha Vall BEE LNG Wee A: Mozart Park is a hill-top suburb of Wheeling, isolated by such deep ravines as to form a separate community of 600 souls. Members of Zion Church built homes here, and Pastor A. L. Benze organized a Sunday School in 1908 for the benefit of the children, ‘This school was opened in an old bowling alley, a relic of Mozart Park amusement days, and the first teachers were members of Zion Church. The congregation was organized by Pastor A. L. Benze, October 9, 1909, with the following officers: George Hagmaier, Joseph E. Johnson, Otto Peterson, Charles Levy, Otto Kalkreuth, William Floto, Charles Ludwig, and H. L. 796 HISTORY OF THE PITTSBURGH SYNOD Rothermund. A lot on the corner of Frazier and Richmond _ streets was donated by Mrs. Mary Belles Frazver, where a frame church was erected at a cost of $3,700. ‘This church was dedicated by Pastor A. L. Benze, December 12, 1909, when Rev. D. P. T. Crickenberger of Bridge- port, Ohio, was installed as the first regular pas- tor. Generous assistance / was given by Zion Church f=. -aat ‘the beginning. Vite ey Fee ee a) : eee 5 PIR ; vn Frazier declared her in- @ ¢ tention of donating addi- 2) tional ground for a par- sonage, and this wish was carried out by her heirs after her death. The parsonage was built for $3,600 in.1913. The church was admitted to the Pitts- burgh Synod in 1910, and sustained as a mission until 1921. Christ Church has adopted many of the modern methods of church work, and ministered alone to the Protestant families of the hill with a fair degree of success, so that it was able to re- port a self-sustaining parish of 112 members and a Sunday School of 134 in 1923. The pastors served in the following order: Rev. D. P. T. Crickenberger, 1909-1910; Rev. F. C. Snyder, 1911-1915; Rev. G. W. Critchlow, 1915-1919; Rev. I. M. Wallace, Ph.D., 1920-1925; Rev. J. O. Glenn, 1925-. GENERAL INDEX Pages ikioh 5.) 9 ho Yn EE RR ee ee Ee a be 189 oc USTRUEL egy Lccel CMV Ran Spe efeeeaekie ie ae cana 92, 135 “AU TRUE Ss CES MA ROO a ee «BE ad CRE 744 Poker RlENnry. nlite. SOM AS. 730.4100 Sekar gM 0 CET ne ee ae 54, 539, 546 Pines Dur aMrinity heh ee we kee 683 Beta Ne es tak aad 189, 751, 795 Wage 6p og Ne aia rh i2 Oe eee ees LOR rt 132 UL AUIET SoS st § GMA Ali ae 436 LG a ed ai ag Fy A Re eee ee oe ak ec 189 peeeibeck. “Min = Mins. 189, 436, 621, 624, 717 BEER Ie VV SL) cdl sddovicanibarts 189, 232, 436, 605 PETAL Vie OA UE CH aided tan kaa acc 366 Alleghany Synod ie 52-54, 65, 156, 174-186, nay 376, 526, 532, 540, 542, 779, 786 Allegheny County Churches.......174-186, 223 ALU Dd S99 55 Wl BAN RT na fe ot 133 ORPILIY A De 1G) ahi et 059 SR: eae Pe eee a 548 Pet ame ee: [atl Cox aanate nh ek ee 779 ONTO Ta le 002 Th) ee ee et de ee 133, 659 bail Sys (allege o" A Tey 9 Vier eee Po AW Eke era 134, 416 Pitaicoe Gree VV Was tee eae ene 338, 379, 394 PSCC Lew) Clr fo iaconaale 257262, 362; 430 iAveteacte dele UPS yee eantenanian tienes Ande ielety eee 189 oA SUBNET CHE? 6 IIA? sn egal ing eaemeUn 2 pr bt | MANN arpa ee 450 PeUGapOlS eh ot al alll (Spt, ee Le, 134, 734 HE aia Vall 0 i) ee oe OE 249 PeeOCh BO NUTCH wt fs xu sok oe oe. 160, 560 oe VEL al Cea ee oe ee A eae ORL 386 Armstrong County Churches.....174-186, 331 Arnholt, W.+E....... 406, 418, 615, 623, 721 OVSHONEER JOG, ZN 2 Nas nee Seaside oe elec 723 5 Frte ath WGN a) 2 ko Ce ae me a 357, 481 Bese Tite OTM LAL KS eed wld attain katate iis DNS oe Sp RSS SO ae oe aR eg 782 stig ETAT VM eee: 413, 559, 672, 706, 710 Ash, Hacob mae. 132, 144, 189, 342, 391, 436, 460, 465, 471, 566, 567, 570, G73) 576, 784 Ashbaugh’s Ghurch ues). eel. oe 75, 470 Pee Y Ll cena WES tt he ckh seh eye 134, 751 MesOitiwalleirsts ee pont el eet), 159, 301 PGC SOT AN IIOUIAS ck Nida bc tt Nal 189 PAUCUUVEMEDAIIHE) cases et oh ide 543 Mitortapnseo. | Pioneers. wisn dedwcaule 56 POPOTIINOL em seri gal ety ek. 133, 159, 704, 705 Pax ee olin. Miva ot. 360, 374, 460, 475, 477 Gs Soe ee a AAO CSS Om 592s 0 /ue. DO00 soy O ADD MAUS USLUS) oc...uce 53, 540, 543, 560, 697 PrnCU eV Vie ieee oa ee ee nes eae a dia) 784 Peper att) seta LISL A VAM ets el hs eb cd 189 TEE Velry God 7 OV INU] 5 een ale a a 468, 473, 475 ‘re COR ad 479, 540, 759 hls) UPS | ail dee a ee ae (4520 Seog ke TCT so aU 2 Es oe OO a 134, 409 BeACSCNLED TP OAMUC!. | ati ak. 734, 737, 744 Bagger, TELS ae ke tice: 443 EET (AMES Ve ED 20 ots Ve 9 eae ee 74, 625 “STE UDG ae 2/2 A SERRE nants nen iain So 320 Pages Baislere Geo lope ae Bot es 342, 373, 391 Baisler, ies ce =. MOS AONE LE RMS Lg 2 We MON 733 pen oerens (5: e VV tay evan apes A oe tus ae te AB Se 252 Baker, [aged Bec, ye Ce eo 189, 672, 695, 706 BRACE pL OA AC: Cyrene: ocak iiss 189, 495, 503, 505 eto wn Gad aes eee 252, 549, 550 Berswanvera George me t.2 eee eee WAS® -Boohersy | Xet ies ae oe 347,-355, 7a Beliour, Edmund gees 1249 OD S238 262 oF te ee a welds cece nee 390, 712, 730;%7aa Bellasis Soe ea ee 190, 540.) Boone Mountain 22 ee 133 Bell, PAG G2 ae ee 190, 267, 538, B41 Bootyay Cae ae ae 191, 305, 306, 308 HD Sek SP ok SY 557, 637, 682;5690 - Booth, J) .Ruiesica 19247 Bell-Lownshipitstag) amesseat ae 69, 134, 609:" “Bot ar €lera kee aoe 192, 402, 403, 406 BellaireteZ10n ise oe ee ee 1637) 4Bortz,-RolandsGo as le 192 Belle Valley, =otm.badlise. sre eee 510, at BOSSALCts he Lone eeenemnrce 232, 260, 284, 650 Bellevueqgimmantel ie. oe 1345262 -“Rossermat @AUMb 4.2 a eee 540, 543 Bender,» August sect ees 792 * Bouquet. = Colonel wanna 14, 655, 672 Benko, Matthe wateunsa. ae ee eee 190 «Bouquet wot Johnisiiccaee 133; 672 Benzé;yAdolphwltarct.. ees 191, 489772 “2 Bowersy? He Atie ee el eee 192, 409 Benze, Albert ele 190, 503, 765,-7/3" 7954 Bowers iGo Awa ee 238 Benze, ie RAE Gi) 128, 140, l4A2@ 190.2 sBoyers ke Bsc ae 326, 380, 706 ME ee 422. 489, 496, 505. “Boyer, F.° Wixn....200.2..192) 4915 500 ae BenzétsG Areas ee ee 489 7496;°499.5795.. 2 Boyers (Church. 22.00.22 75 Benze,1@: © 22.190 274 is: 436, 505M /ol weBraasch, 2:0 ite Wit keene 460, 466, 471 Bergstresser veh uller io 2eeee ees 191, 295 Braddock, Bethany eeaeeee 134, 159, 269 Berestresser, eters an ee ee ssl9l sBraddock)*slovaki 0.342) 136 Berkemeiery 2W. 4 Hee eee 19le 74 i738 JBradenville; Zion ose ee eee 133, 698 Berkey-© (Gali ee ee 357,.:374,. 476,478") Brandt? CeCe Aww 2 eee ee 777 Berkey, get ees ees 191, 2/6888" 0215624 FBrandts. Church oe eee 74, 240, 655 Berkey, AWil Ase oe eee 191,.73205325" _-Braschler, Henry ..4 ee 192 Berkhouse. Ghurchvsy ae eee oe see 7/4500 S23 caun Gasper oe ee 192, 402, 406, 594 Ber liny 5 ICs Baer ee ee ee 191. . Braun}) ). Uae 192 Bermon, Jie ce Ae eer sabe tad 424— SBratneck,. EK Cw. ae ee lhe Bein heimaeelient eee eee 5320330, 2386 009 pee BT eCit Coll amv Eee 192, 428, 432, 447, 590 hi oat 342, 347, 355, 361, 365 Breckenridge, J. B...............192, 439, 444, 476 Berryi. Wags ee oe ee LOL SERS HO 2 ee 477,568, 5/09578 Bett ProtnO Ae 2 a eee 140% -Breckenridve woe tees 112, 192, 682, 690 Bessenrer.s Lerrace gk ee eee 3127 sBreitenbach fc CW 26 eee eee 3625628 Best eb ion Siete, erat oe ee 357,13/4, 476-478. “Breitenstein’s Church (2 se 403 Best’s. -Chirch se sues ee ee fAgzA54 “Brennemanas | saacw.ee 469, 499, 570, 573. Bethel ~lownship, *Bethelieee) eee B71 * SA a oe ee ee 769, 779, 783, 795 Bethesda- Churches... eee 689° ‘Brenneman,~W oR 2 eee 192, 481 Bethesdauch omeaet. a. ism 14591766. -Bressler JiWire 621 Bethlehem~e Churches... AZT 50a 708010. Brewers Gan, sarees eee 374, 410, 566, 576 Brerdemann 7 A@e b pte 460,47150765. Brick Church; St.. Michaelsaa3 = See 336 sie gi ee 768, 769, 795 » Bricker, J. Kid) ee 462 oe Biérdemanne GG, A ats Ce ee eee 191, , Bridseportiel rinity, ee 134, 747 Biltheimer, eC treet cece eae 191-238 Bridgeville, Zions 2io.8.4.0208 133 Billheimer, Weor Awe STATS 42 IeB9 Le 713. 720. | Bridgvewateta tan) Olnsaseee 74, 399, 403 Birchseg oSi Biter ark oe ho alee eee ge 315. BrieroHillstislohns. 133 Bishop, (Henry aces: 545344. (538:5539, 550 ~ “Brinkmann, "WW Eee eee Ve: Bishop, “Uiserot aL crinke eee SO OLYA/7 Britt Ga ee ee 192, 282 Bittle sy |e eee 156, 161;.171, 191.297, 313° Brockman, (C. Afi eee 489 ae 316, 320, 321, 326, 327.628 . Brookville, Grace! |... asa Blair's: Cornersah hs... /4 eee ee 459 Broughton, North Zions eee 159, 228 Blairsville sHebron® 42.0 eee AS] » Browrtiwe.] 2 H..& ado, Ae oe 7 ee Blass] acob tae eter ee ee 489 Brown, OL fl Sees ee 52, 66, 230, 519 Blethen? Geb wae eae e AOS 500749 it: Sees Wier une diet ot tere oe 540, 539, 615, 619 Blint? SE eee eee, ee ee 249.2371 = Brownw IS S.2och ee i 260 Blaehdorn; (Oey ee ae eee 262) - Brown :Wel Ee eee 16, 325 Blue! Slate Sota atthew s.r eeeee 70, 338 Brown, W. H......192, 568, 573, 575, 605, 624 Bockelmann,= }. (Woe.E. ee eee a 283. VBabeclon 2) alee ae 274, 277, 699, 702 Body Ai ands. ponte: ie cn oe arma) 191. Bruéeel, .Ge A eee 192, 636, 655, 705, «47a INDEX—Continued 799 Pages Pages WSU ee Ne tie Ft, Sette ad ed (ieee Glation uCounty, Aimity) 20 w.sc, ui iol 478 LSE mck hha ga3 in CRON me Ae vO a OR ee ee eae ee 495 Clarion Sopa Churchee........... 174-186, 453 La hhin) sth g ke Cae nd Cee ie Lenn ORE AO cmee Glemeng SHS (eA. 2.60 ot gh eke 193 SMS rer CO OAL EN setsesy cee, 69, 637 Cleveland, eee ae eS Pee ee eee 134 PARES TEVOire ae, eee ad ps De Boge: Cleveland; Hungarian... ae. 134, 750 PMT ROMEEN ANC Vp sik nse kok hie be el as 538 Cleveland, bet Chin! Sy eo ens ie dee 754 rere LDCOCOLE: Geen. 5... eataeae aonb Gsome Coale fills Churchi..5 sae tae 74 DiteHOGee VW | ake eth s. 193 7S aa, Coates iC. See es 230, 468, 473, 475, 479 ea 2) 476, 478, 481, 543 Cole, M. Dean ee NT eel Mugen Sy OA Pe OES Pe eel oP ONUGCl sok ceva te da ele (amo Aiea oulmaniAn Ho Ria. owe. Sb t3G2 4 oe Petreee ee CTO ian) shee. nse hon hos ee eee AC Gwe GolSergeGs Wis bce 51, 57, 489, 484 LC nulettn «AR hg tht 4 ee aan een RR ree Siero. LG ey Reto Pye See SAAT ER 758, 762, 765 ee VET SS1 OTL Pi ccc on iaeieadas 13326220 Caolvers: Michaelis 297, 364, 380, 388, 436 ise fab laaie END ge SS i Oe SS re Arne Lint we iment tN neat Ss 543, 552, 555, 682, 690 Bee CUOET es | OM cede bcd: 363, 392, 430, Avommenooriiieadtts Graceiy eae tee ies 134, 748 ee ee ee LO 7017 1 LOG Ge mor aes Ur or Conneaut: Laketiieci8 dec coke bccuueenn ae 74 eye etme PDIN bhetac es ck. 364, SOO em Oc mes ContellSvillestoth. John’ Siz cieandicace ess 524 HED SVB ETL CS. 10) Cea eae Ce 5 Relic a ee oom Asm ucounelisvillem’l mnity, 208.28 kh 1592525 Heiusnie se FL gl Eas a ies eo ued ea Dene LOSERS LAC eh Vinee oc on ihe We eo Oe 193 initio MOa) A ieee eet GU ROD MOG OO Conways Hinste ee t2 0 Meese I aes [344 i ete OPN te this ks boone san ees: AN ee AS mm CCOOK AA Peseta 8: ADD ee SLT SORA! OOa1 Oo iia, CCUMRE Tel ea oe ah alee ee ener JODO TC OOKDOLT Tie tine a Loreen. Cee tT 160, 552 ptitleperutsts eee eee eye OUs/ Umno s maa Cooke Lownship, Bethel. (ss ae 695 BO oime (GxLACE®. « cpeilad alte weicue: LURE Coolspring Mote Pauls) Shee Vee 575 DM CTER CE NLATIS seers oee. | eas ffaoe ne AA 2OODGI~S Ni EC esmetee whet ts, ee 75, 430 Pelee TINt Vo ig 2 ae eles e 160, 441, 451 Coral, peta GHA pel see temo Wet cade) 550 Butler County Churches.........x.. 174- 186, 425 Cordes, WSU ERR ARRON Rte Pets 2. eh 2 590 Bitleie County. al t= Oliv cutee eh tent 438 Corry, St Patil Sci eemmeae a osteiee ee 134, 497 rete COUNT yA Z10ON Oi td sind... eo Bhmess: CA jee COossinatin Cs GH ti 8 eR rd ae higeten 129, 130 1B) E) Uae Uc Gree A he cane Saree er oe come oeme 2 OStellomG birch, cart a aent cae ents sted. 789 Woudenspo utero atid sie cs teens 134, 788 eid er OPLINGS <1. hse nachos 159 es95e Courtney, (Ga Lote 560, 637, 675, 699, 715 RiP VOC Eres Ritetl Ie OF kdl emer deck OV eration mot we vlatthew stents. 160, 315 eaten ee nity lene cts tu OL 720 ee ELAM CERCA We | Mitek Eg PR. 2k 737 NBR SOT OSC A LIAVY cet tite ee Manne meee. 8070 Granberry Church os... de ek 778 Wormevic oteAndrew:s...85. hud 1025.8 CrebseW. Hain. 344.35723/4 -462,54/6,5477 petits SENG ee A LOS e200 oo Tier hs ie te! ee. 8. 478, 539. 549, 550, 560, 575 Aerie te mera. CC CEM hii tau hoe und ndilb oe, aes [Vee COrecelo weit VV Ee aa, te Oe te 371, 690 Cirechiation Mee he ee CAA ee @ressler me un eee ean ee Usd hte bs 380, 444 Cael tay ARON A Ca 2 ee ae a 193'94954 506) ~Cressman. Emmanuel... 5/0950 oh OU OD Mies oma eh P1St enars tate dtd 134, S28 Benes ee) OY tee 769, 783, 790, 795 Charleroi, itr ctiiee ha athelss fey, yn. 160mO2ter-Crickenbercers), Wes ens 748, 786, 796 OTS WY ROD We | a, ae Doe ets le yn eV Vat VV hie ee Es or Cre rn 2 543 Citeatll aver @ bTINIly = 42.ccotedebdecnuh 634 2 On Orissinan et alae 289, 302, 193, 451, 452 ener ovellsje wicks ie ceka..., 134, SYA PRA Ey is + Oe oe 541, 543, 568, 573, 694 Chicago, Holy Trinity. pT bay A edit ci bee Soe antcis Churchiaerte. ct eeuiie SAG oacesed O02 Chicago, TICs CAN 8 ea hae, ne Hitt «= pal Car icy eG GE iagh ate lees | ace ee eC ee 539, 541, 693 iiteavowevyickers, Parken sss eee 132) eGritchlow hs SA 193, 284, 415, 424, 428 CEC ie PEE IS tees rs os se a ts aa AAS eer ee AS bg a 760, 765, 768, 769, 796 ieiiiemem COLn plan tera bebe eed tee hod Asm aCronheim, sReinhard 4. seme 194 Ce Papen 6 ene i oe die OO eC aD me@rookeds Oreck octamer OG eee 336 Bed 67455679 = O84 68006050) Georsen le Thee othe 194 276445) Ghurehes.s Complete. ists). ate 1/Ao Ome ocm eur. GhUPch tec suek ee eee ce eae 415 Gnurchess Independent .24.3.0..65,4..08 12 ate SSE CHeCk yao8) UiTs eee fecha: 1356/478750 tieties-. Pioneer: Cte a el a) | SER ISTGS s TCCM DNS a GIN Saad Brae Wee (ee ee CR epee Mes 6 194, 388 arenes WU IOl sient ce EN eel AG Aomemmaniinber lands CHUCChe Ma Seo alent en ee 230 Serie vilteteo irs | ON S.c08 kee ee AEA GOMRENCUT TOTES. ig, Cite Pee oti eae eee 328 OFRa UL! uC yeas Cee tia ee 2 ee 06473507773 et aTerOI EL TIDE Vr okt Soak Io eeieled OCOM DAtnotOngtot baAUle ee. fee emeues, 699 Rate Vee te) 90092496 325. G57\3/4a-445e « Waubenspeck, “Fo Hyaitet ie weed. 194 fess B02 ALB eA AG tno OU) aattbenspeci@ yt M sh dt 4502 O0/ae7 19 Cra EL, Mie Ie dl Rae ee tonne ee a ee ERR 03m aitcherty, ciel ae 194, 277, 413, 646 gy, NUE ah lo ea em Me SOT SOm Cet A DE® Oita tgs ee ey J i 675, 699, 709 Clarion, erica hl cinan'y tt, eek? LOUMADU BeloaUertyans. alee aie re 156, 194, 276, 550 800 IN DEX—Continued Pages Pages (BP y LO gl sper ane escent dm Ce tie eye Mets ey, BOT Sind Ore. ikee IN ae enn 195, 327, 615, 623 Deacdnesses! .Rirstia lati Ae eee 100°: “Dunkirk, Grate. ee 133 Deaconeésses, * Inst: Protw299 1A lag er Daonla pO ae nee ae ene 230, 306, 320 DeamondsPrederick 4. bel eee Ges A30°. “Dunlap, TA 195 Dean, J AW\idieeatt thee: tea 491-.500/-504°795"", Dunlap, W° Cai nthe ee 266 Debendarfer, De Nyc ial eee ae 1458194" * Dutiatewl SS Qieagih eee 521, 650, 663 DeckKer’s.R un pecan ee eee es, eee 132 Duquesne, Hirst, contend edica eee 159, 289 Detnite: Platidtm eeesae ae eee 1056 Oss taki) a tee ees ae 195;.'2465 255;°2/ieeeo Deiminver: (Gut lew a itnte ees Soe Ne PAS SpkomEs LEME OEY tates 413, 428, 434, 436, 601 BD eiSsy2 AV eh yack peak te el. oan 765: Dutch ‘Glorys Ghurch,... ee 74 Delmont, (Salem ei.) Oe ee eee 687.) Dutch Fall’ Mt: Calvaryiie ee 478 Welopel se) te yesies 194, 444, 568, 570, 573, 759 Dye, S Vigoss 355, 379, 382, 390, 393, 539 Delo, )?- vA eee SF. 364. 380, 388, A39, 447 © Dysinger;, Holmes. 2. .2iee eee Bet gl i Delo Wut te mie ee So 194, B77, AQ2. 424. -~ Deysirigery in W 4S. .cncduiatea cnet eeas ee 71Z Dempseytown hc agit h yo eee Meena 1325778 Denmark CenterwSt, Paul's. vaees: 134751) We Barhapteeavidies. ees. ore 54, 80, 195, 338 Denmark Manor We SEUNG Phat 69 74160-6729 ye te Men ies ae 339, 342, 364, 368, 373, 379 Dennis Gap Arete. sae 192 9104 SAS 20209 “50 Sate MRS ie death oer, 380, 431, 521, 663, 690, 696 thos Dye inten oe 4055087537724 « arhart,.a eH Denntsonwrot. be aul'sen et eee 133hcR Barnesti 4) Gece eeeeas 195,336; 93504663 Derrick, TN Tehri eo A Be BI eee 27 le, & Baste Greene dacs eee 75, 483 Derry, “Trinity Sree rere. ree | 133;697- «— East liverpool, St.” Jonn’s\..cneaee 134, 739 DeschiersA? G. Grea ee eee en oe 51.) Hast, Mickeesport, ot, John’s7aaeee 160, 313 Dethlefs (My (Rast Salem Churches... vei 74 sd ac 439.. 451, 558) 704;°712 . Economites’ 2.2). eee oo Oe Dieckhotit Gyo AUR W. secant 2 eee ote 793, Eddyville, St.aMarks a4. 160, 373 Diehlts Charles anh cckaiieher ce cee eee 194. “Edernburgs® Ae oe 473 Diehl, Christian 0 4,548,550". Bdmon? St! Raul’s sche 13a Diehl, He ON tee arate he try atte Spr 362, W122. Lovers iL Lerinata ee eee 54, 196, 491, 496 Diener, Cr i sR GR AE: rete tens ie ee ee Ehinger, (Fe Hiditcsc.nnctdeel ee 196 194, 342, 391, 412, 413; 430-432, 448 Ehrenfeld A. Conc 196, 251, 266, 267 5/095749585,- 6055-675 699/60 M05 5 ranean seas 344, 353, 376, 388, 444, 538, 541 Wieteich) iB 4 e208 tee eee eee Sd Mpeg A ae 548. 550, 557, 637, 682, 690, 694 Dietrich, wie Was Blouse cae 194-74) 7) Ehrentelds Go Lice ee ee 196, 550 Dretrich, Jiwanl yw. 194, 242, 287, 590 Ehrenfeld, G, F...53,-78, 106, 196; 33Gpaee Dietterich, BPE Epes poeenra ey A 624, 717 342, 348, 357; 361, 371,43876 Dietterich, AUS TS Ree int 468, 473, 479, 575 379, 460, 462, 469, 471, 473 Dietz, George 12 etak ee 94, 0226717 475; 539, 541, 568, 5705 DOCK TER aGA GN ene eee te ee 194-751. Ehrenfeld; St.o Matthew ’s.ticn.eeeeeeee 133 IPGCDKIN: Ct: ijn oee eee 741, 765%°793... Bisemann’ss Church) \.2. 2.0 74, 338 Doerr, Philip .....195, 338, 342, S43) Mads 4 ingens) ae Gt eee 468, 469, 473, 475, 479 she, 525, 646, 659, 679, 6834684 i Hise Ws SN ae ve 689, 710, 759, 769, 772, 795 Ellwood City, Siebenburger.2.. eee Doliman Harry ii ee eee 195°. Ellwood Citys Drinityieee 2 134, 600 Domera pamisel is ae eae rete eee ee 105). Hlramaec brinitye ns e.tele ee 160, 625 Donation’ Church aceaeee ee eee 7506590). “SH Sones Pie Wie a ere 140, 142, 196, 352 Donegal MVitw 7 ton ek ae ae a aren 662. 3) Elson ewe Wiemann ee 196;:271;* 287 aei2 Denmeyer, oy Gee ae 54, 87, 195, 469 Emergency Mission Fund... 158, 162 Se eatted pi so aN ‘473, 475, 548 Emergency Pastor’s Relief Fund............149 Donoray erin tyne tk ol eae 160,7623) "sEmerickvittey Grate Gee 134, 569 Dornblaser ihm eat ae. 195; SAL OA73e475 Siem ery w WS aetna ees 196, 538, 539 Dornblaser esa Gute ae 195, 320, 339, 3630. Pt i a ee CT aie eee 552, 666, 677, 683 Doty; “Roberta We tea ncee eee 409. “UE mlentonot;y ohn’ sine eee 134, 783 Dozer: Cree Ate da 242,°258/7339/%362) Sim porium, Zione «a eee 133ja781 Ue renee 420, 522; 650, 679, 689°" EKimpsony: Cy Diol uid toda tencuokle cena Dozers > Ge Veen em cote ae 428, 432434 2 Emsworth, ot, Jamesisccin achat 1602323 i Oe Lae 985,751 °° Engelder. ( Conrad aint) i eee Drake's2 Mills iSt Pauls poy eee S4,0794.0 iN ngérsecH eel ac ee 258, 320, 506, 508, 743 Drawbauchi Dir 4 hee eee ee $20. a brigerss Ji Ptic ass ee Hoe einen 430 Dressler < eto (Le umes a a ee ee 202. Bhgersie Peters 20642 we 460, 471 Bressler a VVil sy sete aero Oa aL, 098 7p Bin lair. Cola VN ie ora aie 196, 280 Dubois Str aul’s: stc.se ee 1383/84 —Eriglish «ti Denke eee 672, 689 INDEX—Continued Pages Ppileptics, Home for: <....... 00. 102, 104, 407 Petarater tlt tera! en LOG Slee 321 562 Peertmeattee FLUO. Roe 5 oe ee 196, 777, 791 on LOU TES SG eens ees 134, 507 Petree fice yee Eo Fs 134, 505 2 TEC a 508 PATIENCE VUCITIIOTIAL © os.2 lat eccectcterseeclew cca 49] erry OSStatigene eh he ca. 135, 509 Erie. PCCGer Ha tpeeees fel ee fe) 133 Erie, St. ihchih "ie Se aga. 0 epee 483 Erie, St. Matthew’s 134, 506 Pee Mote Stepien Sacto et 134, 504 re OT em re oo 13377500 Baie County, Churches... 174-186, 483 Panest. HH Bese... ks ZOD 359 SOOM 5074-019 op Lo uae ale bid 6 Ey ae ee 362 Esensee, Henry, 54, 196, 339, 342, 379, 430 Preensee. Joni ua...) 54, 339.-353, 430, 431 Jaa) ea 432, 443, 445, 585, 590 Berm AanUel. gc es cate 159, 309 eee CT Vee oe et ee 196 Pee atemGlty, ots, Peter Sil siccpachouacnn athens, 445 Coen crR, CGD VE RG Ream, Meee, ea 77. Berne LET) (oe tis cit ame es Sate Un 578 Peeper rimmanel: wb she 677 eters Nlichaele: (ccc... 104, 684, 687, 689 nL a a 196, 438, 439, 444, 469 RMSE Cle Gel a.) lc co nkilecachencnad 74, 352 Berries AIO mieten ea ed 737 Bercy, Butlers County s0..6 secs. 74, 438 emiiew. tric, County. 0c ee te a. 132 3 SUI WC ae 0 Se aa eee eee re 134, 604 Perel ery Olt S scat eee ae. 607 | OCT Dnt et Oooo a in ee 468, 480 Fay, Salem NE IRE, ol REL Se OR aes 159, 608 Fayette County Churches... 174-186, 511 Pe eiea laa Ge, OS. 403, 734, 737 PHO Crem TONG ahd oY tie, eee Be tN 265 (POA AUS & RSP, Ra i, Cen ieee ed ee en 284, 793 Felker, A. C.......362, 444, 468, 473, 475, 479 Tesaph eatin cole de One nae eG aa 134, 690 Peete iiACH CG, Lo. Lis watiecacd pecs a Nice 439, 451 ee Ge VIAN roi hn A ne 428 er tcttye e Dernard. 8 nel ie 302, 404, 1417 MANE Sve 471, 784, 197 Fe et) em AI ei Ne dace 342, 373, 391, 621 Maret 6. Ae 300, 374, 431, 448. 465555 566, 567, 570, ay Ale 572, 583, 591, 598 iaucell VUE AE ae ORR EAI eet red ool aa i ne 489 MAT OURAN Boba edt oe ot ll 249 meeiocO elo i le BS 765 Fickinger, eee i OE Niet eid. 197 celWigelic, MAC “OM see ah et ee ree ZOZ 277 Jules See eee 521, 646, 663, 666 a aes 674, 677, 679,. 708 IVC T PAB) Sp os sed ccscesabban wc! €..197 te er ee Ask 197, 525 DIG az ei 20 OSS eae eae eas 197, 413 Fischer, i RSS eee 240, 197, 252, 269, 284 J eon 406, 422, 465, 567, 793 PGiivema SE Witt eee 8 othe Bh 197 801 Pages Fishburn, Jeremiah |W... 197, 462, 476 Ree! Bee | 477, 583, 597 Piste ihe’ Pes Cas ob Cy kl sie eee en 295 Fitzgerald, Wise Ri es oe ee Biien. 383 Bieplers [Ha amen ee 662, 719, 720, 781 Biicky Hy TAS Stace 52 Boor DSeoee Flick, H. Tie sel Preset oe dee 197, 395, 445 Flickinger, it Ae, DA7 OD! 382, 5557 Yi Mivednet a) LneOU OTe vce. ee 100 OCH tA | te Rigor et yo.) Jee G A mete Foelsch, (ORE Ae Sel ene 8 244, 304. 197 Foerster, Sister Katherine unc. 146 Foisel, Johann Ph en eer ee 1OF eo OTe re kT Nhe eae cee Le ee 197, 282. 307 Ford City, ier ONDE S rete ai eee 134, 391 Orde Gitye etl EIT eyiee tite le a 133 PGT icst eZ TOT eee eet en eet 70; 74, 119, 340 Forster, GEOR: pated hela ae eee D/P e Rortera ler Petition see. c! a eee 26 PMOL 1S ONLet ee eae es 3 tie See 14, 655 Opti ities ee aie ee) le 14, 17 HOC EOtAatlwixoabeees ar aot kee LoesZ oe Forts, German Frontier.....25, 629, 638, 662 |Fiveunid atneteho), WMO) aay! 20, ke eh Rees! oe 552, 555 Fortney, CUR WME Gul Well ea Ale 447, 449 Pourg Vile hin tae eee 2 ee 74 POUSES. Wp ale Fe ho Rtad cee NON ce A 197 Fox ik B......460, 468, 471, 473, 475, 479, 784 Fox, ate | ea.) Oey 5 nae 313 Franckean SVHOd Sieg ously oe eee 109 Prank Cem Veen: 283, 594, 713, 741, 753 Frank. Copa es! ot Pees a, Ae a 406 Ee cati eee Cem ©) ah ie aie 197,575 /Sikoco es OUR iiranklinge Gente «wee eee Lae 134, 499 Hranklines Pricdensa ose bone eee 778 Branklinw Graceideseeeen erst eee 133,778 Brankl tik oad obo pene eee 160, 451 Franklin Township, UL rinityse cee 240 part zat CNet Chiro eee oer 74, 344 Predertck,: Cr pk Coes ent ee ae eee, 619 Frederick, Get WOR aes ae 197, 432, 436 Frederick. AY TN oe Os 347, 364, 380 Hireea@otty Ot.) Olin tas ees 133, 405 Freeport. x oa (102 13451595 3605301362303 Hrpe1IcLen Tel Clr rk eats nett a eee oe 793 Frey, Exniirianitiel eet i eau oe 53R235 rerey.s yd warden es ves ee 19735 /eo74 pie (ROB es 476, 478, 481 Breve eVWV1l liam e Hee eee eee 197, 500 [rc’enr PN eA ee on ORD ee SOG / Gana San le irey’s oM eéting House... a Sone 74, 648 Hrischk Ort. -| vA caeememee: 404, 417, 428, 430 eee ee: 431, 434, 448, 605 Pe a Reece 675, 699, 743, 747 ESAESCIIN Loa AN ee eG ena eee 754 Pr tzee! | Olt \ etaceee temas. 198, 594, 740, 741 Fritz, Tobie ht ee ae 198, 431, 440, 443, 448 Fritze, Caw Ar ah ere as, eene t tk ee ee 198 Te OOCTICH Ak a El, eee ree ae ek se ae eee 292 Frogtown, Al eri coh ie eee 75, 4/6 Prominiiacenwll es 22 ee 198, 247, 305, 794 Frontz, C REP aha! Sd Seater the 198, 445, 621 Fry, Cat Cale we RES a re ere pe 198, 309 My plt Sopot we) Ohisaatiaee eek ee 70, 468 802 IN DEX—Continued Pages Pages Hiehrmaayi. VV Uliantiaswes eee eee eee A307). Geehling, | Garl eo ee ee 496 FHiferstiel Wh eus2ol, 28d, GClmoU 2 eAL OM iim OCT iit» eal ieee oem eee oem 199, 412, 432 Ftindamental Principles of Faith... 110 \Goehring ye ND 8 ee eee 436 Tetiest Ail oe ok ee of ble A feat tae 230» Goessling Ertist si.) 36a ee 283 Goetinya net |i Gr tne e oet 114, 157) 55O ee Gablota ZN Ticshhe Bie © ae uate eA te GL Gis. \ a EF adie ai Wee 3 Omer Mirae et 249, 293, 308, 275 Carield se Sten Ansa) eae eee? 160 RSAW Ty Got, Wi besten ore kee 198, 301, 326, 351, 394 CHENEY A) hid yo Reet ance he Lee ee LOS SSG Acr Ney a ye bh cad eee 471, 473, 543, 784 Gatverce Watitel anise cee ees 198, 684. Ge, « Gangawattrn Gir Ieee 128, 132, 199, 240 CAS TOMI ta Goll CLS LAr ee oe nen eh ee Sa! hg ete ae Te Na on no ie ee ade 529. 713,472 Gather Fler rya ge tamenaienst 357 230) 374, Ae Graep pm Nc were pee eee 199, 765, 783, 789 Srihari a 539, acm. 555,.., Grate Johns Haein el 99 5/54 Gaudian saMartityns..6 eee 351 862,492: )-- Gratton, WV aie ecd 132 Gamer, Georges sae nkct wens S21" 6634044 — Graham Whe? Cee ee 199,252, 255; 269, 2am PT OE 759, 769, 795 Ca) AN 720, 748, 789 Gre rait, pep kVien pty, veces ede nat A05'.538., «Grav Lal Gi hae 199 GebrivGoRh Ate es, conan 128198 4262 8495 > . Greenoch UR eee 135 4e2 Grerssino er Or veo eale Aenee 128, 240, 1987s) Greensburey Hirstetc| 0 eee 69, 650 Geiszenhainer; Heinrich 22.3]. 52-9225 )232. Greensbures Zion els ee ee 685 General Council, Missions... 127, 132 Greenville, Holy aay iene 113, 133, 594 General Council, Relations t0....02i24<0: 110 Griffith, OT at ett tha 199 General Council, Strength in 1868............. 121s) Gro 1. [eee eee ee 495, 659, 662, 697 (Generale Council otreneth inetolO.ees 151 Gross, GD) et oe 2 ee 519 Generale oyiicd sel tssions ee ae ae 155 9 -Grossman,H. Cl a2 ee 788 Generals Synod, Welationse tome... eee Grove... Chapel) 3240 8. A ee 555 EM IUN coh rhe 0 SNe hte fey 104,° 109, 11532153 Grubes, “Mite Zion.) a. ee ee General Synod, Strength in 1868... 112, 153... Gruhn, August ao. one 790 General, Synodsotrengthunsl919. ty 2s LOAcat ACrctaTis MEL Se) Pole eee aeetieatee alee 496, 507, 605 (entz eres) Viger. | niece aaa ie 198,17 Lon Gusey oth Min cir oleae sce See 199° 301,93. (sephartheG ih sett ee eee eee SOB m9 Fa (GUS ey UN Soe ene ee 298, 319, 328 Gerberding, G, 'H....... 99, 198, 231, 240, 246. AGUS Wes Le er ate ee 199, 290 EAS) 2009/32, 735, VSO OS Gerber dition: Wer bate = cane te ae le 198 Haast Church pee eee ee ee 74,75 56G Gerberrch 1D) Gas ees eee A?Rv4A34.. > Hatkenbero. W..M wliencn Vale: Germatve NLissionsuc sq. eee pee wee eee 1277<7 Haeckers® hd wanda eee 199, 570, 574 Gérman” Names», Chances inware/,14505.005m) baci eerer, nimn eer sade) eee (Geeta. PAStO rere se eg aes 127, 187-221 Haerdtle, Johns aGielacko eee 619 ‘(CHETAN G TIE Up Gace cee ols aren Ya raiaee baa ee Foo.” “ELa brit ACs ieee Beas ee 252, 460, 475% (igrmano, %ZtOTl pel a... fa, cae mee tar eee 730 > Wahne | L0Ge eee 430 . Germany bownship..:Z10n ic dee 160.540. “Fialdeman)* Gu Wii. ee 438 Cen ate Lvs Soe Os een Lk 108 hPa tl OO] 0 El eaeee er aes 119, 199. 1362237 1eeG2e Geschwind, Le FE lay Ja Ene eee Doacid4 se Ela arin Wee erence Ak ate a 495, 499 Gesler, G. Peak ARI SURE JET Go 1908 °° Hamni 8G) Des Se ee 200, 280 Cert legge OS ak ee phe cned) AIND aP pital, 469 Hammer, George 22. ‘lh ae rr 598 Gheen, We Res ie at le AB es AGS Ao NAd ona) Obs atin ree Lie) aeiuk amen eae 200; 525.579 — CHES in Eee Lead at nd al, 135, 402,.403, 740 Hamsher, M. R.......2..311, 322360 ;eee Gilbert, Herman. ....... 199, 242, 251) 404,428 =Hangaertner. Ursinus: 222... 246 oe 499, 583, 590, 734, 765 Hankey, “B.) F.u.........200, 264;/659, 66057 Gs Gilbert, H. S.....199, 285, 266, S1OVAZ0E 793. “Hankey iMate eens 263, 295,347, 35m Gilesek DD: Le Oe Era! City 1 (eis ee ie 10074, Fie Ses PEE era ce et uh BOON OO) ise Gye iseicha ened Oh ena alin Maabame orc che ike 744— Pankey, | pA Gh. cee cee ee eee 527, 704 Ginger Hata NG 73 Onan eee ee 70-025) P Hankey satura 0) ee. ee eet eeen ee 74, 679 Girard etal On ieenials kere nee 134/495. Hann ME aval de aces. ee eee 412 Gladhillexi hie ances 344,349, 550,75717°575. Hannahstown, ota Luke sn ae 70, 430 Cr livels oe ee Rawat) arte eee cic hs oe AlONAJ2 0, eavsen pil: eae Abide ge 8 363, 392, 710 Glasow, hRORE Bais Fie! Bet ames ii el Tih Hansen, LDU RR ae Cae oui ara ae & 200, 412, 499 Glassportiot ponies. hare eee 160, 328 Hanson, HRV Ax 25ers 200, 305, 309 GlAtZefi, iar) a eee 232, 242, 9287 Bod Tantze Pols wont ee ee 200 ahr ean 404,412, 430, 447 » ‘Harder. William) W.0..2.).20.£o e200 ee ot RPA 560, 590, 594, 790 Harkey, S. L.....650, 659, 661, 697, 734, 737 Glen eld 5 ey bauls oe ae megs 133.2290) SET arrivaty, eck s Cae anak, cee ates eee 282, 607 Glenn |i Ole ake: 521,'0377 659¥ 603), 6770)" Fatman, way Eales ee 743 ae Nn 695; 708721, 796 Tarman® -[y) lemes ee 20) 6 27 2 (ren Wd tt Fake don eee hs hee lee ale cece 306) Tlarmony Grove Church See ee 557 INDEX—Continued Pages POR cy lo hen Eee @ Lee eee cre re! te Cae 439, 451 Prarohie,y Guurches © i: cuss. 28, 46, 69, 74, 628 Maarten oe Pett cd ae Nee 00, 282 PATRI Nk Ae Bel te eM ns ye 200 RU perk tee RGehal s PATS) ch een aay eee 133, 699 Harshman, O. F........200, 290, 297, 298, 682 ET pee 0 en ee 431, 448, 499 cr een oa eae 473, 475 eg Th a ae al 200, 292, 380, 706 [FUP SS ged 0) Sag © eee AO 2307 3024343 a AF se 390, 394, 473, 475 Eo cantiad 559.4637 a7 Loe Pert nee eat nL Ny 0). ch all in Uh ke ei 148 el PML RTS cnt HE Saka. cats heat cea 624 SLE aul i ol BTC Pegg ee ORO nCNIv RT Sees Uae orp 200 LR Soih oye d cad Bie AG Sun aed eae ets ON 201, 410 Bee ERE WES Et Sarre icin: 201, 249, 371, 436 By atte ns on al tt 538, 568, 573 SIE oA Coal Sa aeee LA 201, 434, 760, 768 2) Oe GN ire ern oie, 769, 789, 795 PGE tes oe secre ects. 201, 274, 304, 409 (SoS, A ESO as UF eee Sue, Urabe s tenien 201 eke yAke ROI OC ean ae cieke Se 322, 590, 594 OTS 9 OE Taal Ey eee ea 2 52, 66, 489 Peeet te latte eee NL Me ccna eal Gane dalton 201 PCO Vi tae ZION ae ite chet Reh d. Cy aden, s 160 Heindel, ei aaa ag aie ZOU OL os 4 Heist, Mn May ee bk se he a 75 Pe mae es ee ete 305, 541, 694, 743 Flelferich’s Church oo. .0ccnee oe 74, 336 ci 11a g YS BRET eh hg ee Sai ee aR ae 792 bem piel, Zi0Nl, Aiea: 28, 46, 69, 74, 628 “SEFC Hae ak ON is oe ee 132, 409, 419, 619 ee Late. 646, 677, 684, 692 Hengist,- Theodore .............. 54, 583, 587, 598 eRe al | ete ee de Ona Re Gace 49, 57 ire Copa ial ideal Sal ae ne 557, 538, 666, 677, 683 1s PTT TEES, CG ale! Re On IG eee pao 75, 476 We SO Ae LY Gti... caiai chi cenianites 74, 583, 584 PREC OSPEl, cet Re uieasscsth users og Ae LNT 328, 666 eae RN 683, 695, 708 Wee TIE OS Cocina noted erick onurone hoa 149 TRO OV lL e 5 kaa kiana tes 35/;,°476, 478 Pear at a as he ee 495, 687 LOS Ct cie Edam eve Dec fect eden ie ees egy Mae MOAR san ae 473 PIMGinelonees GOUT Che so ee ai catia 74, 472 Un IPSS ie SLRS Be 4 ai ata 201, 669, 682, 689 Teer SC Mane Hid, ode gauea chef cM cite. 73, 475 Hershiser, | Ee Beth 4 BP eae at eS 760 Peale beat Wa TOTTI S eke ee ed ee he 616 PLSssere Win es... 344, 355, 382, 390, 394 se We AS A a 390). 568, 257 3,807 2 Ie Otic Vad ud eth 5 ee Neca Re Sb ZA, BOLTS ere WV Tie ee tion aa Ss 249, 314, 674 Heyer, a: SOUS oe gasse tet se 45.51, 58, 66, 225 Aas, eee 226, 485, 489, Tee 705 Hickory, nents Ere POM eed 2 iad eo eee Le Pere rielt tat hak alll Scot steal ee ee 390 (5, MESSI: Cals BRT sod adie [a «ee Oe pa a 230 USB CGAI anton ped CRED 2 GPa ee oe 201, 380, 706 Bee er arie Act nitty an fal eins ZUM SZ 50G Hilemans, Emmanuel As. Retail sie tr coe 75, 364 PLU Pe ee oie Sa eee 201, 308, 552, 557 iene aii Detiy. =a anon ate ee ee ee 238 Pages PRUE DOT Ow. ce ee wy hr a ie Cee 622 aA bees Gcliiir Cleo here a eee eee 74, 677 Brit yee) eK Sik 230, 299.4383, 54 See La AW 557, 682, 690, 694, 760 Himes, A. M.....201, 311, 462, 473, 475, 477 ELUTIOS; «Li. «| Side ae, ee ee 201, 575 L(Y) Gee ys FL ea aes ke at at 201, 271, 292, 440 SNA eee 447, 449, 571, 578 EESTI Soe | Lice eaet Ce alae dc 298, 328, 396, 444 AEP MASE A ee 3 447, 468, 480, 712 HL IAT GS Vines igh ere da ig, Mer ae. 325, 452 Piimmnmelmarins Gre Blea 202, 662, 702, 719 Ennekeldey OW Big 22 a Be ee paws HAG erirr edie a V Vins oi Wie oct nes 202, 383, 397 LID Ee CGWiSs tended ee 428, 434, 585 Peace OHUL CIs cut os chs, eee hay ies tk: AGE lien ELON PV a 525 cn antetness ccs ani ec ames 202 Hoelsche, | rae Dek Ca AUR enn Oe Sens 9 202 Hoelsche, PacoD sed, 402, 400s O85 Oe Hoerbe, Arrto tin Eales Mee ais eg ee 605 EUOCET VC OHI ce ete sc: eee 411, 590 Pett sen Ur Chit eatin 74, 664 Hoffmeister, Theodore ................. 734, 737, 744 | 2 alah cs nal be NORERTs Wee Rete ee Reet Pe! 143 Fionn hol ml oe eae ees 53,.- 339, JOU Holloway, a) ce 415, 420, 659, 662, 674 ACLS 679, 689, 697, 730, 735 Plo liga yer Li eae ea Se Mens ehes y S 244 TeLOLINES a bx bie eeeeet as c0 54, 202, 240, 361 EFORCE SAL LL Vi9 an ete ah Gh cea ee eae 559 Homestead aM esstaht a.c2cce ks ee 160, 319 Blpivesteada wot. \)Onn S.4ce.c ee: 134, 257 EL OIG WOO Ci he cee ake LB Noe Lae Be ELQO Per ri. oe) ees ees ee 344, 549, 550 EVOON CE UT aae Peer fem sak. ales 202, 371, 690 Pl BOWetre ELL) severe ek Seka nee ee eee 3 Hoppe? Hace sted Patera) cat ML ee ich 202 El Grintown wots Pallis: kee eeu ees ote 574 As evi nic lre Rin ba Rh gy! eee te eae emcee OMe 74, 132, 624 Hoshour, | pial iithety PROS anes Wer oes Nemtn 6 308 LOS ICOM See eN eee Rah ce 28 ia esas 148 Ospitalteacksonwilles: eames al amers 143 EVOspital Wil wWatiiGen ten are ote Ae eee 143 Tos pitalalattSburolinures apres O9e TO tea 29 FeOUSeiiLall, | loa vi nite ee 202. 230.2298 Houser. ihe RF) ERM os (ight aat eo thee ON 202 ARONA LON cL! 2 | apes athe, eM we: ATS AA oe La Howes J; Avceeasace 202, 462, 476, 477, 539 doers C hiusch ae at ee ee | ee aes 74 udson.. Wee Ge Dee 559: 6724-700, 1/9 ewe tee cinrichy a, mea wi ST. 6205397 tLe ANS). a erence et ee 131, 746, 750 Piiunkere ot, VMatthew's..c.. 56h) s nce 134, 719 VAR ahs UG ed Wr cet age ae eee Eee SOR 52 seus ae Te LEERR S12 FAO Begs ie eee tenet tae ae ete Op a oe 202 Hupperts. Sister FElizabeth......141, 144, 401 Hisey A Goto ek ee eae BA L230) 008 TAIL CHESOD ea) Mp WW a. ees... B44 AAA Sa ue soe Ah i ea, ea a, Oe Pemcienieat ic Bethel feat ee a ener! £59.57 12 Ibach, W. O.......202, 322, 395, 440, 447, 449 fidenengente Churches Alsace ate 127 TATA CAC VN UT Stat es ee e.. 23, 629. 638, 677 804 INDEX—Continued Pages Pages Indians Head Good stlope... 2 eae B19 Ries lag as ae ee 430 Indiana County Churchesies ena ee Kilbuek) Church weecnh ee 250 AEB nich Yel Mae ness 156,.174-186; 531, Kang, @. Bon 339156, 2161-4205 cee inqianare Get tran te ee ek ee ee 5356S a Gene or. reer: 305,310) 93 11, 32 see Tridiana. 100 Prasad cae tn ees ee DOL) > ae a eo eee 380, 388, 561, 621, 712 Ingpmap Lrinlity: eae Oo) ene DAG. Kinga: CIN week kee eee cee 203 aon INDET HM ISSIONS peered eee wees eee fs. (InN ALG ey OLE eee eee 203, 360, 374, 566 Irvine, Isaiah *.,..0.0 156731615 202,6:2660.2269 PONS Ri ieee ee ee eee 575, 683, 730 eee, 275, 278,280, S62, 037 > Kanports Ps Tite Liwifie Ll Oly wmiskitli by ae ec ee ee 604. Kintis’s) St. Johnis2 25s 74, 660 [falian stented aes eee |e 131 "7162-s0s.e722° © Kittanning eee ee ae 132,133; 160; 347 Kittel) "Gal, pInoh Se 7605 JacO0S me Cliurch eget eee. pee 16:40 702s Kitzonitler ae) a7 El, eee 203, S30 ede JACODS HC EEC anata ats Cal Nek nee TOGA = TS Gt ee ee ear 362, 431, 448 Facops Vl oe oie: 93.037 202, 251, 419 . Kiecknerville “0 eee 74 Jaeckel, Carlie ta shige ee Zoi} 404, 402, A04 , “Kiéimann, Robert) 226-22 585 WY in Mhetaaeee pemee? % 590, 504.781 Kleis.) Theobald 2.4 a ee Jeannette Gorman ae.cosn oe eee 13357702 9) Kine a ae ere, 360; 4A1, 527) 570 S575 Jeannette, Elolysc! rinity... es ee 13340700 | |. CSR eee paterehs cee 663, 666, 696, 708, 786 Teannettes otaeWlat cca ae ee 1605720-. Rr Va Vie ee ee 465, 567 Jetrertse eC VW Me SSeS ee ie iin see erate 263... KBngensmith> Je Cra. 2e55e ee 786 Jefferson. County Churches 4...174-186, 563 Klingensmith s Church) oo2 eee 74, 366 Jensen itll Cathy ere st eae | eter 619'> 4 Rhingler Pa G-. ee tee eee 232 02AZ Jensen >. Gottiried ete ner eae SA SPOR Ta tlela ter, phe aes ee 411, 590 i. eStinshy am Ht tee cen eee 202;' 392" 710: Kneislys* Ue) 2 eee er er 203 Tewettito to 1) dines tien 2. een en eee V7) es Aiseley: Me]. cyl ca eee ee ee 2052525 Tewishaiissions Sec 8 ebee ened 2 eae 290: Knebe Chirgch ter aie en eo eee ‘ee 399 Johannes): Georvemn a). sales 570,0574, 741" Krortz.. Carl) 2a eee 777 JOnMSenbuTe Aro tr Oni S mat eons 134-"7895 “Knox, Emmanticl ceen ee 70; 473 Johnstown Ste Laulis2. 2 ates eee 790 Knoxdalé St, Matthew se 574 Vohnsto wit Zion ss) ee kee eee 774. Wobler-vGarl 4 Ae eee ae 54 Josephine ot eat sae eee eee 1603. Koehler) Julius 2 741 Jumonville 97 ro nti: eee aes ee 523° . Koehler, 1 31Ce a ee 203 Koehlér, (Robert 25 496 Keebler i re Gheiiee oo ereaey 203, 242402. — Koerner, Gharless- 2 765 teh tert] ees ec 406, 590,594 Kohler, C. S220 9 Se 2 eee ce Raeblen: Vi aera es Pee AS 203, 717. Kohler, F. W.....132, 144, 204, 318, 407, 415 Kaessman, Ca) FeeA ae! hd ie ae eee 2OS i, ate lee eee 420, 424, 570, 695, 747, 779 Kahl, Eileen, wee ee 37303787120 tis — Ont Eee eee ee eee 255, 037 OL ee Kaiser, Cis WV Ls ah ld ae 203° 251, opp uwallianiie ee ee 135, 540, 543 Kammerdiener’s, Jerusalem ................. 74.9358. Korntheuer () osephse ae eee L313 744 Kansasvoyrod tir ee een eee Sik -Koserve iG ee eee 320, 326,38 662 es KastiwA. [7 Bod 395 e468 e480: Kossuth, Bot aM atk somes 479 Koa irae es | steees Be ee 568,573,575. Kowatlla) Johann? )..3. ee 204- Kauitmann Elerman |.) ee 7O2~. Kranzee Gottliebmaas 54 353; 58a 2 eee eck AS AGEL. ia ee Fs eee 2034. Glos 0254 —calisSar ae) eee 204,° 258, 271-27 4-30G Keel Ridge, Amity <.o6 eto eee 70, 74 Krauss, PSCi Se Be eee ee 204, 260 Keistete Le) a eee ee 240 Krauth, GC: -Porterfieldi: 2244) = Kellerut G7 elicsae 6.5 02552 eee eee DAT Se Ga OEE ae eee 95, 106, 107, 108, 237 Keller, ja Fee Soe ee ee 203, 23022305. 315". ‘Krauth, (Gite eee 240 We drheite | tee ce 322) 468, 480: | Kregar.; St ikaulstaoe ee ee KRelleres Late seek tere. oes eae 203872410 Kress sua tig tie te haa a ee Aid Kellersburg, Sn Leni eee 7A. 100 F556= IST bbs Lae 145; 204, 252,352, 413; 436 Welly ahh tae Hy oe eee cee nee ee 2030320," 508) << Kersb bs Wit We ee 204 Kemmerer ploJ avian a 127 2:132 MIST 203 3271) rider wo ariiicnm ae 355-1379, °3382;) 2900s oan chee 422 559. 672 682; 732" Kriglers: Jacobecesct ee ee ee Hh obey 736, 738, 759, 768, 7600: . Krill’s 7 @hut ches ee 74, 580 Kempe Mi Sh ee 297, 380, 549, 550, 706 Kroh’s\ \Church® sc) oh ee 569 Kendall se: |-Siieses iaecss 0 eee eee 303 469. ““Kropp,) Wi Hise ee 447 Kerr [2 ang ore eee ee 568) OY 38 sISCOUSE > LION sat ee een eee 204, 783 Ketterman. Daniel 314:..339. 9362. .. Kurchers)| ose ee ee 204 Reyes Dis te ae ey 52) 00) 3907 Go uChlegeeMiiehnacl arene 52, 61, 489, 491, 499 eae 460, 462, 465, 468, 469, 471 579. -583;°585, 587,597; 598! 5740) 765.0772 Piers A73,. 548, 566.0567. 709-3772 Wuder, Hy leh ae ee eee IN DE X-—Continued 805 Pages Pages PEG COLT ACA ©. feel Oe se ee ee 772 ~=‘Legum, ens ME SOE era. he 299 LOS TUANISSS 1 OLY el mane RCIRRRG aed A te OM AR ae fae Leister, G-W.205, 336,- 366,. 373...379,. 695 vel ciel; “USE ag St a0) Sn enc) 2b) Mere mene 204 Leisher, v i » berks ada ace Re 568, 573 PASTE MEL CVS cll RcstaRnieet tie erthhe wine Ummm solZelie Ls OW ae, Bateau wees, 462, 477, 568 Kuhns, Lewis M............. Lem OS Ome ia oe oe Le 8 ae 571, S/oesne Ses 369, 371, B00; Oozmoun wiLemeke ti eC Fe 5132 205.6402. 403, 406 Kuhns, Luther M.....204, 268, Cale oe mee eInCke. Lluis Leg ae) 354, 376, 525, 666 Fr STG SRY Se ee a ZU es | ae tt tg 677, 683, 781 fomaener Patil fe. eke lacs. Pie Aovem Ace omenn en wens Gr, DO ost ee. sd oe 217 Dek eds 2, ke) ANe Ale 7a lee eentz, A. Po inputeca412,.420) 601, 004.590 tele so GaP a CR ee! a ae Crane PAM ONI ZA Nias. apts ado td te Mee ee 362 Reena 8) A estates L 24a ge Ape eOnatd. sGharies:. 2 2t-- a hee ee 266 Beaiwelmanwe Mi (joss OWA SANs) Zh 2. O20 1 co (IR fel pad ae M2 ie i 205, 682, 690 Pemieenmanse iss Kk... 205;7246..491 6 S00 a04l #hicensute, 0 cic ocsdicieecsninseine 94, 95, 187-222 De 760, 768, AGoa eae Joe ichitenbefo s) Wy Peat ton ee ae teers 5.) kkk aaccat b2oteU eed OCR ER ICKING, ‘Otet Ohi Sesc ie, ccs i eee 74, 460 Wc ns ON Oye ada aLieperotheC wH sooo 3. 205, 321: 380, 705 age G00 gt ieee ate BRRa DOOM cbendorier se Cniurch 1) eres 75, 587 Peri romeeleinricht tq... ae Blea? ae eee eAgOniei ste. ames” is... oo ee 655 Peanrcalliaw Lrahotin sete ts tO eZ eet yvillcakourwIVa LK Ss. este Ck abet 134, «112 Pamestonomote Wark’ su). a) eee 342 Lachenmeyer, Anton. ........... Ap eeAs ceo erin, . bindemeyer, (li) Ele tegen. 744 MAditi wo atntiGh tew.0ct 124, 132, 205, 238, Pore Lint Wet tan be tea lt det ile 129, 619 heuer GkCKGe, SEY Keven Wel Ger eh 5 See Se Mee Ae iciles GMiate We tak ee 129, 206 Meo DCL CNATICS Suk. chara viete. 316, 468, 480 Little Germany, St. Matthew’.s................ 75, 429 ‘LES es 3 aig (agg Bee an Ree Pati 205, 406, Ae OCR Manenevies bl heen hon ee oe gen 52 MParoei tm VV WAL A docs oe ZOO One LOCKDOLL CRG Tace, cael, We a a bek 160, 719 Lamerdin, EOC Uh meetin SO ae te REE aie CAP Dean OC ATES Ahn eee, (on 206, 297, 380, 440 iLeretne. OC On 2 eae em 205, 772 TOs abet BU EE Spun oe 447, 449, 706 [Laxvifes seid akan, 4a Olds peewee ee 49, 51, Bares 08 Oestowii sae Ome ck ue ame, 414 Behe en ae 338, 52 GO 3m ont ane Cee bet pace es! 99 ed eee Mois ot oe WV do ok centage See I O0Ss al oneal tbe ee 276, 468, 480 era inte) © re ksh dice 336, 303, 476, “ARSE Me Rap utee op ONY eae cht cele ee ae 8 736, 738, 779 eee Set S107 in 70227028 7000709., «Longaker, Fo (Chee 436, 793 ianguages, Difficulties 45, Ot eOo4 e0onm LonganecKker,. A. Read. eoe i 315, 549. 2 ianienaces:, Used in Churchess2.2u. Pee cemee econ Church? Jessen tts eae ee MRED LO SOIC MMEE fet caee itt tener ee ee BU Pee OEUT Paes. ee Rank! oo plate ae ie eR MR ek he Sh poe, os Wate ee he a mL OW Ore | kN he lh Baek en Cen Rats a tee 550 RATE OE. CO VISWY Literati cai MOR otc ate lom eowels |... Fo foe 351, 394, 568, 573, 575 Latrobe, dpiakehi eto tee nO tC gebe nae GUI TOWN Lycee tatters § Uist (abe eee meet ee eel ya Lau, 8 PR foot SETS A. ene Wren 9 CERO, RECN Zoos Fe) chard hla et | emer ee ie 202, Lage LY Re AES GN eee anne CoO mOmreUund ay toe Cris cee Se 206, 460, 646, 684 ate BR PON Uh rade nrc luinticcfion oom ee. 205, DOC S et yo de Side Renee 3. 687, 695, 702 Pere te Pa MN ies el ce ics, AB bee bt: Ale ome letietoe. Al) Ue eee Ax SST 55s 521 8035 Lawrence County Churches.......174- 186, AOR SY Sy A se eno 641, 650, 655 PI GECUCeRRLOULLY PO L10N hohe soe 587 Lutheran Church in Western Penna........174 Masvrenceeatic, CCOIISt ansuactictbagmcnane pga aitheran eMLOnthl yet ance eee ene, 159 ce allele) cate] | (ek 9 10h Oe ene ae 280 WV SOt) ote eds detect 2 205) 230 P2402 o4 oMacDonald,. jo Ee...206) 344, 397,469" 558 Lawson, PAE ee 46-409 4000072 Oaomamachauchlin, Alexanders v2 awe otter) Church wenn TAD eo Lies JOR Pee a I 206, 230, 299, 682, 690 areal.) 378, 384, 637, 698 MacLaughlin, C. peer A 655 poplelese Tm Cdn erm warm dulete 1 Die ieee oe eo 0G ea viieti cw OVCINeNt a teclie gee ets 149 Maguire, 1S SEAN ea te VR Oe a eee 206, 3834555 igett herman. Gi rhe Se ce ah OO 7 a ALOMMENL ADLDOT OG. Hee tie ce dea Doers eae 447 Leatherman, R. L.......570, 574, 662, 697, miomenvaannenschinidt: 2b neler ee Oo 616 WE TOIGS) Lalas Vink eke er eed ated. 344, 469. cmv citer fannie! |e. cl aS hye ee 206, 677 UY Oa de en Ce ne Rs ae CA Ome OMEN Teel ot) ae ee an 276 eee CHR GUM Mace aye asm cca ean F CMMI NVR ALS coon ne ok es 206, 249, 481 Pee ite ee it Ste eee te eee et OOM VENNOES, iyo (cB aki cua ce ee 571 Re ONTO a PAC Cie tak id cpt eh erat BLO > OA Wa) atid Bel ie Bock irene, Ses Oe ee a a es 743 Mercupiiree MeL eDrOon§ tenia e een 7A) ce SOME ERTININT Wich Cent oe artes oe Z06" 305 3230024 eat nitteeot. |) OHM Sire ueck tate Bei, Agee Nanning. James) os... 99° /30,57320735.67 50 Leetsdale, St. Matthew’s.cscccccccccccsone IpameenOe eivanion, Unit Yeeusteree tute oe 133, 708 806 Pages Marorville GPace ai eahecaetoeeea 392 Mantz, Hermann eee ee 206, 428, 432 AR etn (fal & 447, 590, 594 barley) JA TBS sien katate ace ke eee 772 Whar leat |Giitte, Vout; cook eae. ole 206, 559, 672 Lap eMTaAT Cael om WOneMee tale se okias 206, 249, 302 Martens, Herbert ....339, 362, 430, 431, 434 ae 448, 559, 659, 662, 697 Marthens, Sister Louisa... 100, 143, 236 Martin, ITM © UA ead keh eID sr 655 A/LED 19 6s gam Putter th ean ce RE ONO. bd 0h 8am 233 Martins Berl yak eaattoaetc 133, 134, 740, 746 DEAE VIEL? tal ool eca ee Me ce eee ee 037, wa WWAIVATI'S toa ELIS tae, cee ch he leh ners 794 ilarvlanG: yilOd peeeranee eee 54, 189-221 Matthews sr cet oc eee 207, 698 Matter. ti (whee 207, 298, 306, 314, 336 Plas vit Bites 357, 374, 393, 476, 478 Weenrern’ | ACOs meets kt ee eae 129, 207 Maurer, Jacob E.......156,. 161, 207, 297, 450 YEE arco i BAAN clei Map ane wally RO 207, 282, 329 May Ser t Ti ie rus amie sc me nae: TES MPA VS ULILOD Gratton sane a Cnteonn jae y a] Mi cCanley apa ate ee has tener tains Ae 289 MeCréery) i etivi tie ate tee sae 129, 207 Mic Crom eo) Olin wae nase ieee ashe fay fd bey Rh McCullough, A. W.....207, 380, 539, 544, 552 McDaniel ih Baie, 252; 255.269) 285, 3491 ee. 499, 504, 703, 794, 795 MeDonatd Gh irchiwe. vee eee eee 1335-622 NLC) orwell las oy oe tat ee 156, U6 ses STE ROAD elk dee Meted Bn ae 276, 396,875 Mic(Gatiohey. a Micwe waa eee A62, 477,555 WMeGitintd haere ere at ewes aval AN ye Mecbenryy eoolemonnet ance oe 541, 694 NMeKeanaa bh rinttywienc eee 134, 504 1G Wed Sora BY hake? sae ae ie tS 92,.140, 207 Bee Ted Wee 338, 347, 432 Makeespore, sotr) Solin sya 133, ato McKeesport rintt ye. cae ee ee 160, 297 McKees Rocks, Mt. Calvary... 133, 244 Mick éessRocks its ohh siueheunee 1338272 Rielisiia Vig eee ee 207, 316, 326, 388 NeMaclin A7 JS hese Se ea ee 207 AVL CIVE UT civics tel cue leone ve ea et eee 274, 659, 669 Ge REM dled | 692, 696, 698 NCE HEE cine Ostaliet+.8, sere 20722318402 McSherry, G. W.......395, 439, 451, 541, 694 Meadville s (Urinity sa et bby sth eb ikey Meth ing Sateen aes 659, 669, 692 Mechlino ei lonas, 527: 00,412 5% 521, 636, 646 650, 655, 659, 661, 663, 666 669, 672, 674, 677, 682, 683 Wedtarte! acopivees hese 53, 344, 537, 539 Se Pho hn eee 540, 543, 550 Meerweinw Oltotr at tee aoe eer 773, 792 Mehrikatime At (Mig eae pe oer eer 409 Meier dvi SNe 2 ee Re renee 295.2505, Oo Meissner ey Hain | ath, we leap: 491, 499, 504, 730 Soh ea RN 744, 789, 795 Meissner: |. ty) Mee hikes a ns eke eer eee 590 Mel Bren | pa eg 124 loa Ss eA 5 258. 269) 7329) 8AA2 636). ees ASI, A448, 519, 523, 784 -INDEX—Continued a. Pages Mensch levAr) lvadce. 207, 491, 500, 504, 506 Mercer: County, Churches....2) ee 579 Mercer” County,.Good Hope. cee 580 Mercer: ‘County, St. Johii'sae canes Mercer: @ounty;-oaléem = 2 ee 590 Mereet. County, 2100 o4...c i ee 597 Merver Ghijtches aes once 269, .304, 352 Merger? Synod 0 ee 165 Merz Fenty ieee oe oe eee 207 WMessiver SiN Siete eee ae 230, 319, 326 Metzenthiny §Px-Gr Wee eee 5701573 Metzoary minora re ae eee “207, 462, 477 Meyer Balthaser sae 27, 29, 47, 630 Mevyer:*.) (Pe ae ee 232, 242 Meyer ORn te ane. bes aie ee Aliza Meyerhoeffer, Philip 000. 489, 758, 765 Michael, AD MAaVVe ate 521, 650, 659, 663, 708 Michaela hivte Os. an nee 208, 305, 306, 674 Michetek:} John 72.5. a eee 129, 208 MiddieeChurch, St. ))ohivs 3s 74, 660 MRidlégLancastéer: 7 ionaasese ae FU SASS Mildnerke Carl 1:6 sae), seer eee 622, 702 Malle Creek Sth Peter smi sues ees 134, 490 Miller; Abrahamy toi... ee 744 Miller, A. S........208, 336, 366, 373, 439, 446 iPr 444, 447. 462, 476, 477, 4738. Miler o OleeD) eee iene 208, 672, 706, 732 Miller Cash or ako ete ee 208, 347, 355, 394 Niallers EDs cy) eae a one hoe 208, 338, 379, 391 RUN a 465, 476, 481, 519, 523 pe Las 529, 567, 666, 732, 784 Millen’ +0) Peek iot) en ee ae 521, 664 Willer lps mer. 208, 266, 395, 444, 450, 760 Miller, Ephtairg Seance ee 344, 549, 550 Millar He '¢ eat ae 571, 578 Miller, Hl, Nooo 10t e Seeee 597 Millersud) Bie ote ee 336, 365, 373 Millers) lessen Link ee eee ee 208, 732, 746 Maller, “Sohne lt. a 575 Maller, 3) Soa ic lee tes te See 600, 695 Miller: (Lyre D Asie! > vores re ae 208 Miller, }O) Deir aa ee ae 208 Miller e Riot Se leant eal a ae eee 208, 316 MILLERS i cen aN tle ee alee 568, 5/0575 Millér* Shien 208, 439, 440, 447. 449 Mas Riet 451, 473, 475, 449, 450 Miller. Vactor- tek oe re 208 Miller: UW. aCe 51 Ae eee 594 Miller, W.\ J.....128, 208; 342, 386, 391, 687 MillerstowiriioWl i) aac tes berate oe en eee 443 Mill wale tChivgstiis ts) 0h Seb ieee 160, 307 Millwatea-St. [ike se it 6, ore 246 Maina a eae tk otek ee Sea eee 133, 789 Ministerial! "hducation 4 eee oS Oe Bee ae 94, 140, 141, 163, 187 Ministerial» Reliet cose een 141. 145. 149 Ministerium of Penna....47)49, 51 52e5e 54. 55. 58, 59. 65, 109, 189- 221, PBs 337, 340 454, 455, 465, 513, 533, 725, 758, 763, 788 Minto, Joseph An ORR ae ole ee 208 Missionarymisupts...b 16s tece cane 87, 156 Missionary Supts 7G Ce eee 132 Missionary ~“Supts, . Ganon eee 156, 161 Missions, Advisory Board........... 158, 160, INDEX—Continued 807 Pages Missions; Committees 0.0.3. TOPS oe LOS DAISSIGS. MOOSE LUtiOTi) {yet e tue Me 89 Missions, Church Property PPR PNer UN Cat cela eee me nae itd 162 Missions, Emergency Fund................ 158, 162 Missions, Generals Councils... 127)402 Mirosions,- General "Synod sinc 157-162 Missions, loss Gav Pigs 4. ta Smt oa ae EU 127 Masins liniigrant |e. oP) 129 Berets TNC A. tk eh Lc kk ye fe eee 148 Pameevensatin: Canada ate ees, els 90 Missions, In Middle West... cccsendenn 127 Missions, PinoeeNebtaska valu eas oe 127 PissiUnee wir MN Ova oCOtlas sats eee 129 riesions. Min -bexasic 0.0 eo te ees 9] erections wy talfaty. kes ds L3ip Gases 05722 PasstOuse leiwish cha), ca oe” 299 Rese tolls aE Toll it? c. ee ee eS 160 WNissions, » Siebenburger 1... 202 ot Pi as 131, 594, 604, 607, 753 ivlissions, ) Slav-Hungarian wii ate? CWE he Raa 129 BSE 5 746.0750 Pe crioue sn lsniiicalionmemee tube nu ee i fed DiSsvOnS . LOUNo | Peoples’? sinc ccnce sl) 162 Missions, gyi elalebctahhoreree | Set LANG eae 16200171 Buren ema) oA Ny, Mah AN. Bless 300300597 S42 Jal Alec AUG SRA GR ee re et Oo On Cie a 208 Molzahn, K. he. j Biaerace ves ths. 202 WEEN A Bate 792 SLIOTRCL CS 2k) TOL ge tame NS MR aR 134, 400, 419 NULSSTRECS Wg ie is DoW UE Re let ac El 208 Weouessen, eLtalian 4u.i ee “ose LOO ns 22 Monessen, Sy eee eA TUL eer ak ah ia stat 1602717 Wroranoa hela grace fo. i ose in 160, 619 ICCAD SE GICR gt aa Ie 399, 425, 725 et We HAW ot he ET Epes fa BOER 208 Morello, Salvatore’ ....,.... recede SELLS! Wek Neorentz, )Paulel.....2 208, 300, 570, 574, 749 Peer ariea wi, WV diy VAs fiscally e, ltiek arte 134 irorris, Cross koads,. ot). Jolin’sx....a 134, 522 a stertow ie hiist .52./ cas ee oe Oa: 7608 LSS C2 9a | oll Cae Se nn Ma Oks (ae UES Ey ae COND cel EA a aan es ee A 789 Pheer Meee WV og ales Oy SAleea/ 8 Moundsville, Zion ......... Rae ee, et 134, 793 NOLO GaN Cag ey pou RRB Reena Sea ENN 274, 443 Vib oGrh nh ls ae (yA Te) 9 Nie nae ie ee 134, 588 Porat vem HUE Chnay ago eht.ceds hoe 438 inion ise be CHU CI oie ace ee 70, 438 Mount Pleasant, Armstrong Countyv........394 Miounemieasantit) trinity: len ak 134, 696 Douitievenions Church dkeon eed 388 Nimuritn Varin Church. wes al Poe aas WitiChe Mate ee ack coh hee tn Bens FY 758 Reromenhagtor eee if Wel ea soe ee ae ee, Peet oa 51, 428, 489, 757, 765 Muehlhauser, Johannes ...... 209, 242, 251, 404 Ritsellet aide) love sie ee ae Od Lee 53, 619 Vor OD Raeths OM kata Pet ener WRPRINC Che mete ee rani 246 retell rics VV ¢ whan Cnet el a 209, 338, 342 Re ae ee BIDS S255 Fa MERLE Cry Oo Sa Si RR reece s Arts apres 792 Miuenzimger Hews, etek PORN NL: SIE 209 Piiniem ere. tha Abie eee he 140, 142 est priate Fee int ete bo heat 209, 315 Pages LY CONS can € aad EP ey wi eee cot) Tee” 277 I SETAE oe OG me PA OG Ree coat LICE Tuer 209 SOULE SPS 4 Ry eee ee tact at ae 149, 209, 251, 411 Hiden eas A421, /8Y, FOO Munsch, Solomon’ Use... 209, 251; 351, 622 Niinson;. Si ele his (. can ace ee es 133 NEGT Cay” VV le nee oa Na ee eee 209 Nycret J.i) eee: 171, 209, 246, 285, 413 AEs ie BY, eres Se OR VR 209, 255, 258, 409 aie SRDS 420, 422. 424, 570, 574 el me 615, 674, 679, 689, 702 IATL O Woalvtin SC TISt ato cieeteie ceeen 133 PN attOria: Jc. aL eer ee 133,134, 254, 256 OEM Fone ated 9) OF 00: Un /et hace 209, 659, 696 Neft) I Ee eae ae af Mc list eee ag haa ot tet 209, 469, 552, 555 Neudoerffer, a2 if sete PLS 496, 507, 605, 743 Neumann, RAC ead 209, 242, 251 Newburg, West, Nit cle acta etd PLY ease ae Whey 132 Newcomer, H. De gan eli; ve nee O5z News bethiciem, wi rinityi... 160, 481 ING@WeoTratOs el ata disc: poe 28 bh wend st ean 737 Ne Werbrivhton wbrinity. se )s best aoe 133,422 NewmUastie, ybetharinin..ckley.. ote 160, 606 INewWall astleunates) Oli Steeetgte. ee ee 134, 598 New Castle, ie hit Gta eye eet rate et OD New Derry, Ae Rs oS HN ME BRS as Aaa DERE 697 Newer Hlorence sotes|Obn 6... lee 160, 692 New Kensington. ........ L854 lo oes 02 6/0307 10 New Romley, St. Bartholomew’s............ 735 ING VEO tanLOmy otal Serre eee Toh Nicholass J ¥C.s21209"5.292* 380)1395, 450.2706 Nicholas, iy Si Se eke ATE eae 347, 355, 390 Nicholas, J. R.....209, 440, 447, 449. 451, 452 Nicholas, ope 156, 161, 209, 249, 292, 313 Nicholas, NAB ELa bee Se 209. 292 388 Nichi lems. | Ohrid ee neo i aes Co NI COLL SNOT cea 2 ecle ay Wh Aes, 462, 477 Nieder, Te tic Opies Wass, okt Seek ots ee Ree 792 Niciiatitin, [OHAnies rs trae Sa ease er 209 eS CH RiStt cet ley torus) gi Phys en tes 135 INittetatier wa COTNClitigas 98 2...) a iene 543 Naorthi@itast<.oi eters ais tiie 134, 503 Nerthelimay: Good Opeica tea 732 iwetanedy Wale ovprteadetee ? Pehectey Ae eee Sel ee 70, 438 IO Val POCOtla VELOC ak aie 2a ears sia a 129 BONOnie Skye al Ciba ar ae ole lacy ben 129 Whiter He pA weer G35 00/ nALO. 7 DO MIATA Nunnemacher, Aaah yan Ue 7, oP 54. 759, 765 Bite fae a ee 768, 769, 795 TiC ECG y Ca eC ME el nae tee pene a ae OE Ne Me I Dee igre hod yaar rOVed aie IVa ana oe ee he 412 Obenauf,. H, Perle Meaataal 3 (tt 317, 605, 615 ats Be. 623, pao 7330/94 COLA Ny Reet One ee, Gee ler a me 254, 443, 597, 619 Oelschlager, W. Fic hisy eaae Wart ae 746 Oevermann, CRIP T ye whe bp here hae ey 210, 246 iow NULCh esha: hat .can mime eee 125-127,-725 Our nosh VOU 2 skeet a ates 126, 726 Ohio, ae aipcd ae Ts 51-55, 60-62, 65-67 eZ 52. B00: ‘411, 459, 471 LN aS 740, 741, 746, 758, 763, 795 808 INDEX—Continued Pages Pages Ohiow Pioneers. oacuh tect 61, 62,8725 "eb ittsburzch)sGrace™ (somo). eee 133, 242 Ohiest cthlehem 7537790. PitisburehiSStLjohn sf aoe ee 134, 283 OsagevGood Hopewance anus O29 1340/27, 6 Bittsburch, tobe luke see 159, 308 Otters Grécke Salem: tt. ye ee ee 59. * Pittsburgh. Ste Mark sige eee ones 159, 265 Ottoist Church ess eee eee 7450399 - Pittsburghy jot eb aul Guia nneteee ee 159, 306 Rittsburch, ot eotepicenss ate ees 159, 287 Baltzerott) @Nathanyee eet 473,:475,-479 Pittsburgh; St. fhomas..0. eee 133 Paradise: Hill i ee Sees 737, * Bittshureh ss Lempler epee eee 160, 321 Bark 2a) GaCoeN Ge eres 289, 371; °396,:422 Pittsbuneh, “lrinity tee iee 247 Parker, Christeia Ay ke ee eae 133, 784 Pittsburgh, Trinity (Woods Run)............ 282 Parkersburg, SEs LOht Stee aoe ee 134,/92 Pittsburgh Synod, Chartersm 76, 87, 169 Pasdtaloni, abating ey aes cac eee 509° Pittsburgh Synod, Constitutions 2208 Passavant: We A ic oie es ee oe a ee kk ee 103,-150, 154 54, 67, 82, 99, 124, 210, 235, 242, 244, 246 Pittsburgh Synod, Doctrine neice 247, 252, 259, 262, 302, 348, 369, 406, AQO I “AR edae bet ene oe Use, 105, 150, 154, 171 410, 415, 418, 419, 421, 613, 739, 780, 788 Pittsburgh Synod, Early Growth.............. 87 Passavant a ae tee 240, 254, 273, 410 Pittsburgh Synod, Founders... 65 Di ianwa ch. A415, 418, 419 Pittsburgh Synod, Later Growth............... Pastoratest: cone mei ei te ee ee LS 7ite See teen ain eh nae es 102, 151; 164 Pastorss' Gomplete ist 4 ee 187-221. Pittsburgh Synod, Merger 2s 165 Pastors: Weather sates eee ree 187-221 Pittsburgh Synod, Presidents 124, 128, 150 Pastots, independent) 22-5. ee 49,51 Pittsburgh Synod;-Rupturek.ea ces 103 Pastors, Licensed and Ordained....187-221 Pittsburgh Synod Strife...u22lu. 1b/.5122 Pastors. Pioneer uae 2d oie ey eee 51454. Pittsburgh Synod; Testimony.2 25s 106 Pastorst-Salariestectn.o 2 sl eee 96°, Biathner, Lote ee ee 793 Peacch ae tO aia tee 6/26/75". /008/22— - Piéasant® Unione. tee ee 160, 380 Peiffer’s Chutch ou. 7/4/05 Pleasant. Unity «cece 647 Penne Chitchiwe wee to cee $3.596709 7 Pitt ie Kosi eee 684, 687 Pershing iB iy Ui eee eee Z7A0 Sid Plumville) StJolin’s).. 6 er 342 Bes chat Pog Wire tae eee 210, 687. ~~ Poesche, ECW. Ouo 2 a 210 Reter Nin Ls ee Peet §192523.0029).. OuinbeLoer ws) mV ae eee ee 210) “31 3ieoae Beterewelitatine eee BAN TAOO TOS > | Me a? IAB eae eh ae eae ee aeee 705; 712715 PECL CH Wi wiles eeheee ele 210;°202" 28572298" Pohl, Al OW, oe ei ee 430 at PEM tee Te A10..417:-/51° » Poorman, “Athos 02.0 2 ee Pflnewet< Ave Pimigy eee ul 6S ee ee 083; -\. Rope sbBenjaminweeeese 730, 7323.7 Ao PE GHUR Gee ereae e 210s A03e/40 oP oraths Paulie eee eee 210, 251, 287, 605 PAHipspureae se oan we Ne Ataee 92, 400, 419 Porr, “W2 S,2232010) ae ee 469 Pickwick== St. LUKke Sousa. A475. Port ‘Allechenytn joe eee eee eee Pigeon Creckmepetiel pa. ene TAsaN S27. O72 pO OUTS aa mL) ae ahem eres 210, 650, 659, 679 Pile GaN sae 344, 540, 543, 548, BOO Tht ee Fae ee ee ee: 689, 692, 698, 746 Pine =CreckiaSts John’ susie eee 230) Pottshe Ei aS ee ee 210 iPioneers.e)bhen German... eee £3, Preuss 2 Gil Ui 2 ear i ere te ee 210/°352 Pisantitia stom settee ove OG ee eee 7232>PLiCe Wilke AR ae el ee 210, 347, 355,9500 Pitcairnaist eal eee eee Pel eed er Nee De wena adhe ayy ati 383, 390, 397, 469 Pittspurnghs Bethany eee ee eee 278, Princeton, Jerusalem (2 583 Pittsbureh- | Bethel eee 159529208 Prochi*® Otto... oe ROME SMe ered AAC 283 Pittshuroh.s Christ tauseeae eee es 1336252 Wy Prospect a5 nor net a eee ee 70, 433 Pittsburgh) Epiphany pane eee 134.4320. ~ Buhl? (Mi; O..5, oe ee 211 Pittsburgh | shirst pinelisha sce 69772325 Pulaskipe ote. Daniel 6) 905 ee 74, 579 Pittsburch., Hirst (Germans wa) ae 2255) Punkstita wicy we ee ee 159, 576 INDEX—Continued 809 Pages Pa ages Pema ee 100) fog d ete oe eee PUM eae at, Paul's. eee Pr 74, 647 Rade war airspeed oe Pose7a8 LOS Rabat OE Be SUN eae ae Jiseoraavon tel.) pRiffersc Peter occ cc. 232, 260, 412, 432 ire Lee. 436, 583, 585, 587,’ 590 EEE SLITON. coon Rhian Bee ie Sve wena, Bae ND he 591, 598, 601, 605, 795 tee ee dan tt ee ee (tee Opie inlard,.. Li: .Apiseesee s) : 212, 266, 339, 363 Ramsey, “Alfred: - oi... 211, 529, 615, 623 Ringgold, Step ames 245 oe eee emer 564 Une 4 eee Zp, 508, ep, ARSE, Sigg OP BS One ese tite Mere Une 539, 560 Rankin, dees ee LWAMAVA RE 258, OLomacomecritter: Ge os. wesley te 468, 469, 480 Rasmussen, Git OMe Ces TT STEERS In ea OSG RCICECT ULE Wr, peste ee tat lo aoe. 1395 212 Rathbun, Flite ese one he OZ Ol; G43,U450 20» RitterssG: Oi212")314. 344,558. 674,721 ‘a a ai te 439, 443, 758, 768 Ritter, J. H.......465, 519, 567, 575, 760, 795 Reyne lownship, Bethel sche) nid. nadance! Se a RINAZ Cat A) Sek C tears Aen a aod £2 ola ee: 244, 322 ene re wee be 40 OOS OLO LOO 00 PeRODD;., Iu. K veto keira eee ce. 2124 BOG a4 Pepeuach, 140K... Saou ats | OMA OOS et? RODNStO WH 15.4046 ene cs ae 682 eee eat) W CL ete Re 5a an Se nuncee elem ViJ0 ate MOINGDELALISG, Ol Peas eee ak 239, 442 fee etinier ey mia eebice VV. leit ety ee PN OSC es Crmel GT ACe tlm. meats Col om. snc te 133, 406 Rechsteiner, Joseph. .............. Zl 2s, 251s 022 Rochester, Stee alicSe. sar te eee 133, 402 PCCKMOLCIIT Vxxcttaocnce ta ouk 144, ZL, 231, 244 Rockville, eee, NWA omens Aes 38, 393 ae eee 246, 249, LOOMAC er SICOCUETE Kt ebian oe oe ete AS A SG [Ald UBOWi ' Sa Oe ee Sree ee 463, eee: SEA RGG Eg aed al. ONY ie Web nic OC EEG gle et OL ae 450 Pee LIEN Vid aes. next 24 ntl eee F. LS Orme Li RP TCG LEAN Acomee bk Mande i abe rite Gb). By 790 TIC Mee te ee ty ot Pe es 3 DAt lake Romich |e) Wine). cet eer 212, 309, 445 igh DY a] DRM ES NO EE ee ne 211, 469 ~ Roof, J. years ie adie. Ore f52; 735, 736, 738 CE eM atten cht iee ist Se ee ae ZR O0ORO55. I Rosen! Owdishipeiot® [Onn S60 .. Roth, -ulohann | -jcccecsht tesla 425 343, 347, 353. 309; B57) 360, 361, 362, See Oth Ont eee a 252, 269, 434, 559 460, 462, 465, 468, 469, 534, 537, 539, 540 Fes eastern s krees 615, 674, 689 Petree es atl eee ait dion Te Bd coh AS Tor Gee dak Seu te abner es Gt we Re A te bel Oe cen 434 Aer 1 EARS Bo A I, Sle a ae rent ee TA SMamrOt LAS HNO hi Rime Bea ie tel hl eee 434 Sond va, ATC oy ene em TA ihe) AMES ANN DSO Rf om ey 0g Bea be oped BUR ee Ae Atle 434, 765 Reinewald. Ulat Le siadeehS ie ce. Rae ile Dies Ot i ahel ai ee ek oa, 140, 142; 212, 434 iNermbardsy: \JONt, G4..c6, O290/ 2521/30; Tee TG: et AERA TEED see eae less 443, 760, 768, 769 Reinhardt, 1S he (AOR epee Me Pet eee gee te AO eee othacker, ewaltieaue. tt 2 eso 732, 736 Reiter, (EE UAE SLI yl PA A OEE Sivay pC IRCOLRA Kel Hn oe, O) a aeee yy Rie ee) MOM ee PO rete 0 789 PSDP TE 96 bee XC So. OE ee eR Be lee OC MnCOUi Gd | Op Churches 265. t ee os meee tare 545 Bei rl yp IN an mee tres, dhs ieided thins SORA AGRIC TLGISILL 4. 0 Loe ieee teint ie a he a 301 RUCUEDO EL Vohe1 Gt dl bg, Ne Vente hd ame ee ae Zul OVS we Rid y, CR pea Y Saee, Ce 212 VALS 570% 374 Tafciaten ae OU RLON tee, See ae Wee eer maa ree GeO ee bed hk Crs Gh A ie eS 252. 321, 503, 698 Te OAs o ey CCN AT Ce wn a. dieses Oe kk 471, 784 Ruffsdale, ZOU Ree CWS OS ea a 718 Eel Syel aba chek Gs 4 Kinet VV ena WAR pees ra ee ite a ueat John Dat 12, 240, 363, 672, 684, 687 INGE ATITY MLLENLY pees oasis, SecA. EAM ECE TSU CCnh AW mg he PRON RS re 8 SRiWMegeee ere nr 473 frevnolasville ty Urinity eden. Oe OMEN LOL os Er ca eee eee es ek A abe ee 473 ete Se tgd ee te PN RePEc aie "Anes oe GAL OTM CAC Chay Nas beatae SRA Ss eee ol rene 473 12d ete RIGS hts ieee eee) Sema ad Mere co ASSmeakiupert) Peter ..cua bcos, 48, 51, 57, 462, 484 EON Wd ER TL i SR ree Se SO OO MEYER Bee ar BE Bec! ce, 489, 758, 765 |v ta al 1 ae RP oe Vere ee ee a ne Oe LO mASOmmeNC DUO: EL Arana 2125 3603-500,2076 Tech, cial na sell Gee) ee 21 PAGO ASU B49 mao OMe IDLE yee Tyke oe 8 ond uel bh cee eat 320 Prehincdstel tank» Gy cep. as ele 211, 240, ASOMUaLMp Dien) 28 Con chuseas 213, 274, 665, 666, 708 Richards, J: [LL AL a Ale a ace eS Te Wack». Oe ll IR iain 730, 735, 748, 749, 750 (MaUel genet Ye vs Re? otal Cy GOR Wise en ae ee ec SL aE UL DAE] eV aos eters ate ee 213, 269, 287 [Ec yeleS rig ag 2) WG Se aoa eee LAG 22a Ali wel pps CO OU LC eet ee ee ee 74, 332 (ao Sd OO Cee ene kone Led em Zee UOmeeRUcdlaN dlleyve Hirstewen soo eee 160, 396 gh SeUe 1G HP an eee Oa ie nT DOT aL SSCL ME ae) eet ak) aces baeee acer Z13e51S Pees GMiech Yael ink a eae a Tg ome ae utiratiinn. brederick 7 iohaaiam vest 354, 376 810 INDEX-—Continued Pages Pages Reathitat tee Vivid aan ee eaten eee 2136726- “SOChmiuckery ys san sees ek eee er ee 105295 Witzsalm lyadislalise eneeta aes BOR a) wate 213.9750. ochneg< Jacob {i oausaseme Sitzeay 232: 428 Ruzsa, Pre PEM Terma eam 5 750-— Schneider}4 4? Mi eee ea 265 Reene Deal wees pee oak Ui Ags AGM itis ed Juke oti 0G 171, 214, 436, 506 Schoddey \G. 0 Hie... ie i adeka, tke a 741 Sates. Wee Ase ca eal a cake ice eee eee $22! Schoeniperlens Gro Wasco ae 491, 496 HOR ELtO WI! aig) tase tenth LL Cee OS? SCHON Mal nk dte ele ok 683 ° AV AMOrel | LFiNi tyaihnstas chien eee BO7” >: Sehottsy Church iy nee 75, 376 erVch arb eah haul One beMne LMpeiae eens 53096555. Schriver,! mie | eer Ve ee 462, 477, 716 Sahm? >) Péteri.c.536) 539, 040) 09810558552" Schubert, .) ohne ae ee 214, 273 Salem, PSCC eee ender 8 357, 374, ASS AS La Schultz, NAGinsta vy eae eee ene 52, 594, 740 Salem, Holy Trimity co ccccccocncnumnm 13551752) “ch ulzens J 4 Cee lesa eae ee 743 Saltsbure) ob Loni SG... Ae eee 134, 558 Schulze, W. E.....52, 489, 539, 758, 765, 768 Salvale Charles shaman ue heme ee 213°) Schumann) GOV B aE ee 75% SCAT TLel, VW Reka ceca emma 213,4085, 607: -“rochwarm?! Samuel) ha. jaghaceee 2145 Gain ples eT ee RG Ne a a Oe Lc a CLL AW ELT cee) | Neb OY Wee 214, 354) 35793760 Sander). s Olt nee e ee Nee 783, 786, 788 . Schweigert, Michael ............... 96, 98,.214, 231 sanders, 2Gonit sear i tunenen 213 ¢OB0I54392/ 00" Pawel ees rie 242) 338, 349, 355, 357, 360, 379 SancdallillsVV ue V aiaet ote aero eee 3399702 = 2 ies Meee lobe 382, 351, 465, 478, 499, 619, 622 DADPetire dA last Vienece eee ae A2S-A34.9789 = Scliweikertis Che ae 415, 559, 583, 587 SancdiseoC nristitoncte easel a eed eer em! G7 OP SRCPS TEINS Soy 5 tek ey ite 591, 598, 672, 706 Saryer, o Obathanwurry wax Z1G23 eo 5208 Schweizerbarth, a Gree (a eee 52, 60, 66, 394 ne 1s TAMIR eR teats CEG id Mon Ife), 386, 391, 422 Pe ADS CAD6 CA2S. 430, 431, 433, 435 Sai 432, 436, 637, 659, 661, 677, 696, 697 yA sO. 440, 443, 447, 583, 585, 590 Meus 699," 719...732.'736;-738;'760, 768,709 Scott 4) ohin Bai) sao ee Sarverm Stra Patils: as meek ane eee 447 “Scottdale St) Paul se eae 13362707, SASSAITIAIIY «17, be outa Re Maier nl Demers 297 Swcrivas W. H. 48, 51, 57, 484, 489, 758, 765 Sdwvel, PPPOE Meru Bor) eat yee 140, 142 Seaman, CO Sie oe eee. 646, 684, 699, 786 Saxonburg, STU Kes ere ake 70, 430 Seaman, G. S.....132, 214, 258 646, 710, 714 pearpittiee Oflunato ieee 162;-213, 50910723. <2 Seatloninotw. atl sich cee eee 69, 74, 675 scenery tial Seite Calvaryenccs strate ee 622 * Wpeewer ni Wie la en cee ee 214, 491, 496 penaber sroGhurchass erate seni ar eee ee 731-5. Sel 5 PRG Ave een ae algae 357, 396, 462, 477 Schade. Miss WA cnes Py cc) ee ae nee oe ae AOU SA AG MAAS 4. GRD ey Sle OM ati re necatente: 478, 682. 690, 712 Schiacivers GAsWeHeM we is 360,2566,'5765./632 Seber iris nN pent ene an 258, 659, 708 SChaetlere sat raha eee 213)<364,; 380) 388 ° “Séirert: Henry. ee ee 781 Schaeiver Wil helin sa. cee 2 eae ee A480.» Sell, Amos *s 2k. a Se OA SchaectersH church ies ae ate eee, 74; 336" pelle". 7A, Dee Bie 54, 666 OMA OL 1 OLD een ew ceed acetone JO2I3730. © POI ers VVIIGO the a eens 357, 374, 476, 478 fe Pes (aNtid el OZER a Mente wnt sl RR ALE SS VIR 559 ete SN (eg teeh di NCES te Re 568,571, 573 PCHAPFETES) GINGTs (aden ee oe A5= (525 666536) “*Sembert) Jo. Wide oe ee 49] AML 537 $1539, 540, 543 Settlements,. Karly German: ¢st.. eee Scheel yaCe ene go A i eae Reg 406°" Settlemyers.GoyM sie. eee 539, 540 Scheer, Wa Onn did wae s ls lee Ae ee. 2134412 Severmehaus*) Ii Das nccee eee 703, 710 am SRO ere oe arid Sin ae Meee Cokte is AA0): A47 A490. Sewickley, ot) Paul'ssJk... cee 134 Schetfermyd we ween eee 213)'473.6741°'670- . Shaffer GC, Weltecdccmcccma 214 Scheffer, -Nathanael ..... 269, 428 A351 .°434 « Shafter.) Des ae ae ae 214, 320 Dee 448 473, 587,600. Shaffer, J. W............214, 539, 544e56m Rf 675,:699, 765, 789 Shaler Township, St. Luke’s/ 2... Rea 4Gee michel dy, Gar Vinee tok 5 cr een eae 213 Shaner, B. het:214.5282) 29984620547 pee Sehiedtt (NTredericl: Geen”! sc eens eee 213° —ohannondale, \Zionaarc eee 133, 460 Schierenbeok,e|yitie Cas yg 1 PN 590,594 . Shanor, HH, Kix.251,.339;7 362) 396840e ee SPST: Pe Weer @ aki ee lee FASE eGR A a he 431, 432, 448, 585, 712 SChillino eee tetas eat ee TAQ BE ZO S922 ae te Pa ae OU ee a 713,720,732, 730,e0s Schillingwerwb op bee ee ee eee 7A6., S Han OTe Wak beaten eee 132, 214, 232, 26008 Schiveley share tsi eee ee, ATO. ORs Nat TINS MeN RS aise Sie eh as a 262, 276, 434 Schlicks = Bimil aegis ice han iy) ae eee 213°. Sharon, Holy. rTrinity {4 4.4 605 schluttie Richards ss ee here ee ae 7l/; SharpsburesDirstal ee. ee 159, 274 Schmalenbach# nsepiny eee 409 2790) tohaudss obs Laven eaae 254, 404, 417, 783 SChniidti wr recerick Ws. ce ea eee Dds Ola US ony ae ere eee ee aie 539, 541, 5527550 SVCHIMICL ERG EL Dea ieee ciuescin se ie ea 7A3 4/09: 98 Si ate piiipany em eaten te a 561, 694, 719 SCH initd tv eS Ed; facta akc ee ee 781) “shear ei) 8 NV gece 21% 362, 624, 716 Schmidt Kathe. hy. ee ae pees 743 Sheeder, B, /ReUM eae e eee 476, 481 Schmidt, 4 Rembhold 4j eine ee eer JO) Seoheeder oP hilt Mira eens 568, 570, 571, 522 schmucker 7s oo oe seen oe eae: 344, 558 Shenango Mission a2 cack coe 598 INDEX—Continued Pages Sticreit ale Ep) {dean eee 215, 289, 679, 689 avitsigh.. im Euerk, \FL So Wis22G.. ee eee 218 Sea era tyke iads Bahco TA BAD M04 © Tule ico WAM Woe ee ele 218, 249, 717 Sumatra] cn) eae aa ae ee 540.0543 surtles Creek 95 a eee 159, 295, 296 Saons! Ae OW tee ce alae ee 503, 748 : Sumstin Cau Mane eae ae eee 2176320 P3248) {Uber eS) ieee nyc hae eee 218, 306, 751 Sunday owe tees 217, 3573/4, 478-481, Wiber Bol Bi eee eae 213, a a Sundberg ie Gt eA es eee ee ee, L42fe2i7 IVa eee are 357, 462, 476, 477 OU tEE i) Met art elee eck ie 5214.059 2063 oc Be tek VW gi eee eee 478, 521, 663 Sutervillem@ St Aeaulisus esi een see 133). Ulery) Co D3 2 eee 218, 244 Swale Van LO CN MLS aise Ansan piece eae eee 730,735. Ulety, W..F o22:1240132,-218,°263 507 ae Swanksin fe Duke ae, ore eit ep PAW fhck yom les = eo! ee ER, oY Rate 674, 677, 679, 684, 687, 779 Swed etic Vall Gyan tenet ok ek te hos Se eae £898 © GU CHG. W255 ee ee 615, 623 Swickard, WR ES 2 ket ae Union Churches....41, 75, 354, 513, 633, 643 Piel Sele 217,..659,'662;-697,°719,°779 Wniontown, St. Paul’sxsse cee Go eee Swing] & oF) Eimear eee ee A428, “434, 585 United Butheran ‘Church 4 168 Swissvalom Olen LOnticsstscuee A een 160) 3147 “Upper “Ten Mile. 2 = A 624 SWOPCSa ZION afer aaeri ae en eh eae 74, 659 SWO Viel Gr ene ars eueke 217; 200,027 498508 Walentine, « Milton... eee 246, 684, 687 Syl eA os COE ae ac ae ee 447° *Nandereritt, Hirst “52, 2:42 er 711 SyllawBobertiet ots sch ohana eee Ali, sVandergritty teat aulc... ee 159.703 Vandersritt) Drinity. = 2.2). aan 1334 TAD DET bc Hil tA oars eae i? Veith. FLermans ion ee 777, 790 Mappert, AWiliGiedas sycuce ee eee ZN/et7 7, Vienansone Hirst) ....t ether 159, 760 Parentim,)hataces ese ee ee 1346267). Venango Zion ei ee eee 133,4757 (Parentiit ists se aul’s tence kangen eee 202° Venus St Wuke'ss ee 75 Tarentutneact (fit vet na eee 159298 i Neronaiiy vinitvs eee ee 134, 284 Tarnedtetcis (las ee! ohn ee Pio eole Wicary, *Lrinity fem eee eee 417, 418 TT Mabey | zat a tl nek SO nae 217; A390 A4b4539. Viewers (Rive eee ee 496 Apeate, Memes ial atone. 552, 557, 682, 690 Voegele, Henry ..................430, 590, 604, 744 ‘Tabierse Carl) cp sUer ee. i) eter aie eae ay 4/7 - Noegtléy a Henrys gs. ees 436, 465, 541, 567 Teichart, Awan’ Bieter ater ea A36: | 3) CAI Se ie eee. 669, 694, 695 Ten Mile, Bethlehett.cccncnecenen JARSOL0, 2 Moirt eh AnGre ae cena arene 140, 218, 765 Teufel, Gime by s 217, 03132289, 415 ~ Voss. ey Hee gs Ee 788 PEXASM OVO eee ike ee eee 91 WonsZechy itor a. chcs cron eee 410 Thankeop) Nae ste ee tl een ee ae 53 ; ; Pinel Collec epee. 2 a ee 92135; e1A2. Wachter’ Cal) M sa cee ees 347, 390, 394 Threl stl all Paeatiee 7 sie Beis) emer nee ey 92°. Wagenhals Johannes) 4252.4 ee 732,438 Thomas. Church Opec. .0 ae 74,0354 | Wagenhals.? Samuel! hela) ee 218 AW Te ttos kic wae et eh eee eee ee Rone. 133.4781" Wagers.) Ge a ee 447 ‘Tremann’s Gel hy pea eae 217 (2232 )"242,5257 . -Waldkotnie, SAW’ Calas 32h HAY Jie ann eae 362,1525;/790. Wallace) “les Mic 2285 32 pee? ee Til pay Calor Miees wectemcd ea. Were. S52 2394 6 422: S ooceh ein Pca Wl 9 ed 08 ota eae an 696, 794, 796 Mesh eimitiega Seewusacedatte take eee 300° “Walls Roser pty Matthew seine 134, 403 te Titzeli Go ly eee ee 217) 443, "4715.687" » Walnut Créek- rake oe ee 483, 490 - ETE ZL PET 8 aR ke Bhd ee ae 217. Waltemiéyer:) W. Coes. 45] ¥ HhomlinsonweB Ve. 5 aeeeen 939,254 15693." Walter uh 4 Wore ete ee eee 351, 394 > iLomlinsom ), |ohnitis ade 217,;°552,¥057.0/ >> eWralter’s. Church ee 478 ‘ INDEX—Continued 813 Pages Pages gel oo ASS) SONS” TRE a ae eee ee Pe uieeee Crete Ar Sit) 9. Nel ne aS A Tay een ee ene eee diz WYP HeOUOLe... cree, 8 ne ee Pee CA We ee 145, 219, 436 PN rtiteetachery . )oatl ek ol ea ee Oommen OitmOre, 1) Brie eee ee eo 219 eer elie, CSCO ia) ote eh me ea ted Pires nitteker: Fl) Deu te a oe} pee! “ees nerd ETN ee ne ee eee oh Vii. 2 | SOS Sees 219, 404, 417, 471, 699, 784 Pee LE MOTION aio ete Wen hea Loa ae iiteker,: eae a eee 220, 409 Wirstrroton, irst lel. Vow ca SOR OLGMENNAGKDOTO. «Crintty, cea... eee 159, 351 Washington County Churches.....174-186, 609 Wieand, Ey ee ee ee 481 ORGS IT Cae is AP ai) | a ee aged Ch AME at LCOS 5s. AR ee neg fae oo 133, 782 See MeO elo 2A eAgn 4 43 ASA iless IC. Picked ele ek oceania 282 ae 434, 443, 523, 527, 585, 687. Wilhelm, Frederick. occcccsenn4 30, 447 Beresst oy AL wees. DOW IO Rasa eos ee NV ULkinsbure re et tee cel 133, 134, 302 Waters, Nae Oe aoe, 7c local OR 2A UN le BS US. otto. 2200306; S145 OS 807 xn te 246, 293, 204, 262,277, 420, 443; 468: eae eh O99. 722° oe Cian ae a Le 473, 475, 479, O34 Ol oe rOUmseLORN7 00) OViLLW Te Hate Be oe 2203035 520m 29 Waters, RUOSHe ante els AN? AGN GE vaaky Claas te eal e ee eee ee 74 By Weacisens Woah A= Die 440s st AdO e469 | BWilltams, Jo. Rie hace 395, 444, 543 OB ei ae (Cae RE SER ee Lae POMPOUS Mea Linin se Rosi. i) ewan, kc. vo 523, 5529. 607 Rey cl enV Ae oo oe a Te QmAlider tl 7 meeuVVilinerding @bristte 2252.21 160, 305 RV Deta eo eae SUG M7 ay oF OSU wr NV ISOn ne Ame Go tee oe ole natant aa 666, 677 Nai aed Boa ai aR ALete ad ha a a O21 rN VILLSOUe NN ERO) aoc Ra 519,-52355205 615 Roe eo liamae 2 ete A yor a: DUO mema VV ificliatiiet Fork eee ee cee 723, 748 Re ner Ohl el oP a eh 2697 eWinnelde | wpemote Nlatthew:s:ce eee 429 eee yt aN 52 ao te GOO M090) BV TINCT ee Vink Leen eae 220, 262, 320, 748 Weicksel, Henry ........ CLR Oo mOsm 2 (Ie. NV inter, ~Ee He athe 400, 404, 406, 590 Paetcksel vl y.. Max Cle ey Se ZOR/S eee VVAntOtl ee lio ns ee 156, 220, 289, 297, 449 BV ereKsel me Winky osc, ZIG ooeoOUs OSano07 aWisehaupt, “Leonard; “a= 2.22 5520559 omer Ama aed ee 7707 8a \Vismmer, le) Kick cpeun. 929) 03/009, O77, 567, 734, 737, Tele Thea FAS e as Nia ae ee SS eran Ae Ok a Read 692, 722, 786 Nireidley nh) Ohi iets a ko ee ZOm 7s) Allen avVisswacssery Con lyrma eects 347, 355, 390 Wreidiey © Paul WA 5....2 hc aS Peel are water alia lesen, eke ay eae 354, 376 \VGTESSI SS AO) a Ubi ol a ve aes ee ae 74,490 Witt, S. D.....54, 84, 220, 468, 469, 479, 608 yell swmen DrAiAIN et a es WO TER Gio ake en, ae Te ae ae 74, 579 ee Oe S05 ONO be O19 >) Wolt,). Michael cient 781 WV TLS Me SOLOMON talc.) vedo 2.0. 87, 219, 230 Women’s Missionary a OOCiely< acres 171 WV eIQICE Wel) rote se Bo lee50oeo for 094; Wonders, | J. Marne. 468, 469, 479, 568 DV ISCMRCICLNALG pasuceict ek Coe TH Ga Val a aC as 2 570, fy gece LON) Piegee eMC ONTAGL fe tekit Mowry eat iS ee cee VV OOC Law Tia ce ie ee en A cee Naame Me tcae ese tcr aerial Vl oe he ok ALOE Woods. Oscats1047 2000, 390, 320,,/082,4090 Weiskotten, T. Fu. LOS oi 44 AW OOdS,. "RE Wee Beat sie ees 220 SUZ Weisman, W. ANG, Sty Mga ce OE le eas CGUMEYVOOUSe IR Un. a) GiNst yet ce cis eee 282 Welfley, i: 2d ate ee a POA otc OOO tev OL evn Daniela acne eo reat. 659, 692, 698 Seah ca tis 205. BRU sa oe ime OGG mea Orth) Je Elica ween oS eS ZO AON ered Vos ae eae aa PAOMA O41 eee NV OL{HINGTON felt beetn ia ee PA ee 114, 375 N32) oe ee 5055/0) 5/1 oem Worthville,) St: eMatthew's-2.a).9.2 5220/0 Nie icra lem pee wel biog So Te 219 T4906 eA ichtn t}ee Hien 98)" 220, 338534795305) 301 Pe itugene pie eho net lis te “MERI ar, 1 o> “hag 373, 379, 382, 390, 558, 568 RE New! eR EANOT g atictia cle bandon. OAM / AC MABEy | ee 5/057 1, 5725037200749 098 Vee ee ee 24 210 ROO 2630772, Joleewucherer, Premund none cnseenmntaiaeees Vif Wreslevuille = Messiah. - e230... ea: Toe UU mmBONCerster. © Emanuel s acs ek eee ees 220 WeesiL Dery mot? tO Sense ee 449 Wuertemberg, Bethlehem ............. 74, 588, 603 Westmoreland County Churcheswc pak. vevoarias | VV. 8 EL eo ee ae a 220,025,659 604 4h IN SEO ag Ee Ni 174-186, 627 pesmeewions Christmcunse. cam, Hormel oer Ly Lite ieee a eh dee, 271 ie ecw yO. 70 me2 ooo fo ome Vatesboro. cClirist: .faih see ccna 396 SAO MAO EA Lr qOomorm O leo lee eakleyy. lB dkowotanat 282, 321, 704 West Salem Church Whoo!) Seat See Rica! PAMACAR Ved + VV eee 145.2209 438, 2939,0002 Wviestumunbliry, -Dbethesda 22) ..28 lees 2. AON” 8 et RS Rel ne oan 379. 304, 412, 447, 768 yest ounbina opringdalecs tad 28. A SRN GeATIV Gal HII LCs st eege saan ee aeee 74, 464 Meco mUlGuiy (7108 sow e sl 4 Gta oe caer oe AAT Eve ich ore fas Capel «3 Wits See Pe inet den 4()2 ee i letewe te aN 355 WOU 6079 MOO Maes deme e1ser ONS. 4h, novi been eee 2214299 Weyzandt, G. H...... ab 62, 228, 519, 615, GlOm my cisloy,. VWuilson sone pea, 338, 379, 583, 587 Boeeligere hrist. 6a sek ko te 134, 795 __.591, 598, 615, 623, 698 PO eel ni cme iat. aro viet er crt Ao ees, Lom elOwrec rece Bethel a5 aster 132, 749 814 INDEX—Concluded j Pages Pages NV EtLAle AATONA. Lan brah ee O72;7609 ) Ziével mend Paul a ose ee ee 221, 773 Mockey ’s (Church .s,2eee ea eee esas 745669.) Ziéecler Bo (Wisatens hin ee 481 Vitra Seat 53, 357, 360, 374; 462,'464 Ziegler, Henry 0. 87, 221, 607, 759, 765 Bis 465, .476,°563°567,6568°5/0 . Ziesler’s (Church “2 eee MOUs) ald Cee ee, 342). 3915, 615,4623), \\ Ziel Maas sedi eecceee kt 221 AY C311 Goat L722 Ps ae in core ee 607, 621 Zimbeck, SUA Ch Aes he Y Gunes f Paysoting ie gue ats heer een ee NOU | Sot ERA re MRE, 0S ae 439, 440, 447, 449, 462, 477 V6 Ug Fa 2 We ec ee a 00> Zimmer ys; Je Nvee ise ee 439 Youngstown Oe Grace....caeee 133;-744 . Zimmerman, Frederick i... eee Youngstown, (O s*Honterus..a. eee TO45e/ 55 Tie Mates sear peo ee 221, 402, 590, 594, 773 Youngstown, Pa., teuJaMmes een ae eee: 666°... Zimmermany “He Eide ee 481 Youngwood), ois Luke sale aa, 3427130. Zimmerman, 1 Plies 276 Yo OAuth Cape ile toe Sa ae 128, 22218055 47.13%. Zatamenti any hic) eee 53,069. °d47segae WCotbtrie a aReluhabede: SOONG 221, 258.926) 928, 4029 363, 365, 368, 677, 682 Yount») oshita PA tee cael ey eee 63/7 ZAimtmnermanyoR Miia 221.,..559).1672. 67a AX, UAC He Fe A ad eet dein coe ee BZN B5A 213760 SAGE ON ee oe See 699, 702, 710 Zinssmeister, Carl .....221, 469, 682, 690, 704 Zant tb 22 koe ede ae aes ee eee 221 Holler) Julius. /f2 Zahn, Js Av! Ja221, 491, 500;°5830 734737.” Zuber, Gudwis ke. fee ee 430 Zehners *Churcht tc tae kad ek 74, 67orcsmuber, (WV LE See ae ee es 221, 637; 644 ZOUT CLS "i aN eae Eh eect 5271330,° 338,009 Zeltner, Johannes 2.c..ccer 604 al A kas Sac 342, 347, 3530 *Ztindelie J) Ag le eee ere ee Lelieno ple ibn listy aah ae eee en ae JOMCA SS cet Pad CL Wo A Ido re 406, A418 Lehenopleves tes isa Ul sisau nak auc ee eee ABS. oi Tee SE Ags ei hee ee eee 460, 585, 607, 699 LCP ECTT | RT sare Me te t a ig A76\478; 568/623. “Zweizig, Ve Lela ieea eee 386, 460 LAiewelbrier en C Mel Rae aes on eel ae AA]. “Zyicker; J] )\O.2 ee, ee 402 FINIS a BX8061 .P6B9 emorial history of the Pitt Princeton Theo Sburgh synod nary—Speer Librar | Sem