sii rasa Ahh PA AN rite KTS Hiern ats com ea ae BAT ‘ 4 ius hb IN 7 Lit aah wih ord OS se iim sry’? erties tam: crassa: val 0 Shr" oY iy" aati hat sa Pake v , j A ; Sy 4 ee Phe AEN ans tin Kiva! aun as vias: fd + vn ri ty ibcipitriat arene " Wiha 4 rane aa i ont rt yaaa 4 LAs: iat a Hanne 3 : } ee 4 di Tp sieera PORE ITAA at We tr en a pie fil hh ache Fat) dick age pit. Mebey Rah A eh esis AP A AS A Py ie: a Stee i Aa ave 0) ms jp RAS t { VArRteNs iat oe Ans uM nai ibe ha ibe mids rath bie ) A) hs neaiiaee ro fod \ al aie rik yen 4 Hots is i) 4428 arb vibe d § ASH pears Bu Oa SALAH ad taba taht UY 4 in AO Ne ITN aia an Psa Gega he aie ite ESE ohn t put ’ H Hee ea a ie biy sas fits i eth sath eai 1a! pba th a to : } i Dipped vnak ie Bagi iN vA a one +t ey) 8 is a Deiat Nibta rie 4 he Th tan eee F Suche “a ith x di Liviiule. o ra: 7 ‘ Stan fs Tisai ey eaters tf pert "in ei My a He Kfar \ in ak Neat viehein ie i gad ais weno ee rat ott 4 ee aed oe rae iat na ee heen edeoeee scat a, esp hte ia 8 rth be i i Re gsr! it Ayn altar ain en val HEP het as bo ay pa nie ay HA Hn gis Or a ‘ ah jaig.nava + NAG a Bey 4: oy 4) rans Pate prea ie itt 99 Ray it a) Lah veges Aehehe ROW) heli) Tai f fies Hite ay Shu i os i ie he ei ia CREEL EE a i} * 4 i, " Se ty us) A ee G Nag ee A had ide es tn veagah a hice “ anh i pers ie + Ne ti Tae AWA Ce Pacha an Pals Poe! oF rs tip ode det te é nia “ite Vth Os tet aa SSH yaeiayed 2 thay He . i a rf ieatiydahes i tau Rit E » aie ‘ iS ny he % eg aya gh fe ) i > biwebene nn a tos re Wed ai Sy-aigervaieh eriiceae viet Hy oa wean. b a th + Hy A Wt iy yen whe! chp yeh 4y fi wedi 44 ey NF a cn ee Heat Mae hans wut + AF i ig Z wee ee . 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Hy bhekik meth on i . + Me tt setae i ‘) raya Da Haste He mt ask Rens Ae ‘ abe ‘ot esbtraced ey Sr) Mie ae Es it r 4 te ashy hs ip sat nia ma cit rian | ih AURA, Le os ee ee oh os oo eee A iW fit { ’ sre a ett abesahy sibs pp cht ths (pratt, dah diaebsa Arboert tet Pee en iy Muti eaae 4agigs vhs Mile 7 no + ik 4iste wyatt latent Nia ie Moe mh ane ; “4 dai ® Watepay i) Mad tr Tos bho bee eh io rie Wa ts " th ’ Fatback Re uelate lt ! . PEN Ra PRTe An LOMA ILE Lobe bok ies bob ete Lah. ih " sh pA AAMAS N peters yah eR NET: “ fotite a Asis sndets Bayi som range 4 j Haas Prat saer i? Weavnomibye wat its ab Gate Bsa r +6 Y iene RD ne Wi ot 24D Arba heb Steel pte gather thet ‘ HOE eed) 5 fy uy hag th jai tediat é Lenke Goofs da F onhaeh Fe Naty hed an Modded poawiey delta a i PERU ast, Discs Hy a ed Th Le Mote bE TUS UN TAT DAU AM Sree Lew Te wie tries i Vote fonds Mita WN See ened se wits et aiid sere eel Abad Why i tate Aras aod er Si qathe tad the teh nt maida beaediekened ese et ee a ee da S30 fhe Me ASR sheds bn fhe eA a boda Hs Prva Bees Us apes LBD ve we the Shine Oe A (harm Ba Sa ate be i ye Vnprdt hit bese Manu bby. | hstoarnaea Lai pelrsshens Shi daQiavhodae ph Pee py Ae edd! Pog > pA Ab De Carer yE ate reign Qetete Hs pede ae Pe eh aatial i eg lirete Lap esiaven st Pf peed DoD Me Rete be DB ee ae te 5 do (Wtbk Andbs as bew ADs eas ane hsths ds ipran Aes heres halst LePearoe ae} vbsbs gh 5 ys (pecan ove hh te tse ‘anny =. a A sere HAA oa i 3 Ray ha Wet: fake neue Hasson |p ih Hunt aie ag A he Seah adaatecami tes oe ‘ yO hedeyy gt OV INNA saiaacg taent ong mebesonsecs rata aisha a iva hs ih ’ cae # baie fei ay i 5 . aye veh SF iP sefamtgnd rane Ass 3k bra yeh hey f rhea vet ett Hh Pr) rerhiate ea aN dep teed debts heneneds Taal asa vsbynsWeaseasts tees ho by tne hi fOr ete he weihaye B® dy hy ecg asthe Pv ery ry ee Aan A ReRs Phe Hebede Hl Ut hed satya hata A edbrds dete {ei esta ae ‘ tite is oe ee ite kazaa eee ee ue is oS iat rie seer at ri pao iin He a) icp sa oe ate it Sule ett " fe irearilhyi ae Asaph off sy Pek da hae ae ae oe Fae Ne ot) a oe ae itn ilar gte r une als sob py aA ids De eee lh ae isha am) ai ‘ iiheave ee Fd SS oe +) ae wide Baath sah meh ae ial wee ait ch 4 mis de Eee Ter sete nk Recta eran ; se Po Eee eS Wee a0 eo ; ee pou One Bt bat sti! Ap et de es a veh wasgenaenguds fe aa ste = = ee Arist * oS ame eae 1) 1) ‘ Brn p ae mien @ iat Wk eh igi iy rine Hho he ri i i LPs nt 4s 1) ‘yA ay uur pes ine ery As, 1 on sai are shail aeried aca teach aN ‘ mht os mt aha steitie® cat oh ines penn rouge bres imtate eee ve aah i ibe sie os oe ee le a wit th 8% +i) : ae a rhe Penh kaha bat Wb i Saye dernerhy a Maitebed sae pth Bayan Be Meas de ety Vie he) By hie haribo os ae i oS he Wc We he Lethe tt aa thihae sortie Merete ite ‘9 hgh tht pee Oy et minut fain’ Hs et y oon yor aol iran see ae a sent a te ae ele a iat m Tet ey Aste? 14 idee Ay eve el aiteita te ut # AWsana 2E Laag he Asmat ihe? te “ eibed« at Hat sibriieta a ahs Ry tos) wen. abe gaits jet ete et Agdag yes siete, Ainege haba gets eth d i rans nnanbte ; dart a wher Hes anh tt fut ane ee eeute an rao a te no ee re i) ee i a Pa nee ate ‘i ae i ‘ ‘ wane nine , it ti Mertcrricese == hw ent siasegnbarbloal shy) Meabhiday fener : Rees there — 28 a aanen sie eaertts ae Rach ae Bitese ate sighs ria batt oe barat its rit yeti sie adr eray shat Se se ee ac pi Ce iran ae ied eg eth Pty ns zee igi vn ee oe abso +h inh os ent at oe hy Michi phy mgt: ¢ en ft Hi bh ort trate iat bie ie y beets aster areas ih he ite be Beli’ ite te ar eine + Sang wie a ty en ok enh i the et oe Nenthete! vt "ie ke oT eR a Ina iy abet iat nari vb ret rae rey: heey Leche 2 oe i i Kuhn ne! an i ee) >Re bat the vt Ly aan el os a sit mi ited a} ii ibe ony e Ar ri thaoa! ea Lead eerie Oa! ete ae ye ae rah fhe taper praeei ) bik if Lees oh Aedtod Hie? atatinioats wees is i viens o x > ey > NSS Ash ss sha Me ti a fiw Se Raw Td TERR Pros as . N Pa ir ie) " Pai a eae es et 2 Cue whe ps Me! " Yu sy 4 A ANS Ba , yen. > oe by ts (gts Dy rd] 4 : santa! we r My ¥ bh : : ie Nh 1) Nat ee } iol of ' UDNDIVIE RS Ieleve® Or Ree ee BANUN Sey VA NIDA THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM MmuUpb oT CATIONS OF LHR BABYLONIAN SECTION VoL. XII No. 1 SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS BY ~ STEPHEN LANGDON PHILADELPHIA PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM 1917 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2022 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library httos://archive.org/details/sumeriangrammati0Olang mc = “aS oot ' AJSL. AL’. ASKT. BE. BM. Boissier, Choix. Br. Clay, Miscel. fog DA. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Assyrische Lesestiicke (third edition), by FRIEDRICH DELITZSCH. Akkadische und Sumerische Keilschrifttexte, by PAUL Haupt. Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, edited by H. V. HILPRECHT. British Museum, Assyrian Collection. Choix de Textes relatifs a la BoISSIER. A Classified List of Sumerian Ideographs, by RUDOLF BRUNNow. Miscellaneous Inscriptions in the Yale Babylonian Collection, DV eA as le LAY: Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum, by PINCHEs, KING and THOMPSON. Documents Assyriens, by ALFRED BoISSIER. Divination, by ALFRED Del. H.W. Assyrisches Handworterbuch, by FRIEDRICH DELITZSCH. ON er Historical and Religious Texts. AG Kis Maklu. MDOG. MVAG. NUE, BBS: Perea R. RA. Documents Pré-sargoniques, by ALLOTTE DE LA FUYE. Volume 31 of BE., by S. LANGDON. Keilschrifttexte aus Assur, Wissenschaftliche Veroffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft. See Zimmern, K.L. Die Assyrische Beschworungsserie PALE OUIST: Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft. Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft. Orientalische Literaturzeitung. Publications of the Babylonian Section of the University Museum. Indicates the new series, replacing BE. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology. I, II, Ill, IV, V R. or Raw., refer to the five volumes of the Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, founded by H C. RAWLINSON continued by Norris, GEORGE SMITH and PincuEs. IV R. refers always to the second edition by PINCHES. Revue d’Assyriologie. Makiva by? Knute: (3) 4 Radau, Miscel. ho RT. UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION Miscellaneous Sumerian Texts from the Temple Library of Nippur, by Huco Rapau in the Hilprecht Anniversary Volume. Recherches sur l’Origine de ’Ecriture Cunéiforme, by FR. THUREAU-DANGIN. Recueil de Travaux relatifs 4 la Philologie Egyptienne et Assyrienne. Recueil de Tablettes Chaldéennes, by Fr. THUREAU-DANGIN. Syllabar A, published in CT. XI. Syllabar B, published in CT. XI. Seltene Assyrische Ideogramme, by BRUNO MEISSNER. Sumerian and Babylonian Psalms, by S. LANGDON. Sumerian Grammar, by S. LANGDON. Tablettes Sumériennes Archaiques, by H. DE GENOUILLAC. Wiener Zeitschrift fiir die Kunde des Morgenlandes. Zeitschrift fiir Assyriologie. INTRODUCTION The present volume includes the greater portion of the grammatical texts in the Nippur Collection of the University Museum which have not been published by Dr. POEBEL in Volume V of this series. The author has examined the entire Nippur Collection in Constantinople and Philadelphia, where- fore he is able to state that the volume nearly completes the publication of this class of documents. The preceding state- ment refers only to grammatical texts in the strict sense of the term. II. Note the sign megidda = Sabitu, sow, already known from a Berlin variant, No. 523. In S° II 6 the sign for amurri is identical with that for Akkad, proving an original historic connection between Accad and the Amorites. At this point the Rev. IV sets in as a variant. After a long break Col. III begins with S° II 47, gabar. The sign MES=S? II 54 occurs but once; i. e., kiSib= rittu, and kunukku, seal, is omitted. This is correct, since the original sign for kunukku was DUP and MES is a late sub- stitute. S? II 65 agargara, water animals, is omitted and prop- erly so since the sign NUN+HA properly began with NUN in a slanting position nu-un-te-en, CT. XI 49, 28. Hence it does not belong here. The sign TUR=tarbasu occurs twice. According to our text the signs dub=napdsu and balag = balangu are not originally identical. Note that alad=S° III 41 has not the determinative dingir. For S® III 45 sa-a=DIRIG =samu, be red, the Nippur text has KAL! AB occurs but once. The sign A4KA=S° IV 4 occurs but once. The sign gaza is not gunufied but identical with KUM. The sign BAD is entered thrice. Note the original(?) form of kisal. The sign for garub and kisim is not the one given in S? IV 52 f. The sign ab=arbu is omitted. The sign LIPES occurs only twice, but MEST is entered twice. S® V 65 is omitted. After 14 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION a long break we come to S’ V 29. The signs in S’ V 31-3 are clearly misleading in the Assyrian text. After NUNUZ in lugtan, a jar or bowl, is annexed BUR and after NUNUZ in mud = buburu is annexed simply BI. Sb has a break at V 47 which Hrozn¥ in ZA. 19, 368 partly restored. Our text at the top of Rev. | is sadly defective but we may hazard the following restoration : V. 48. si-ig=SU+SU =eniu. 49. si-ig=SU+SU =katnu. [Here an illegible sign not given in the published Assyrian texts.| 50. Su-ul = SUL = idlu. 51. du-un=SUL = bir. 52. Sa-ag= SAH = Sabi. Omitted on Ni. 4502. 53. Su-bur=SAH =Sabu. Our text omits la-kar = bablum. At the top of Rev. II, UZU repeated twice corresponds to Sb VI 23, but sugur precedes. The next two signs should correspond to the sign UBIJ and its Se8Sig form GALAM, see Historical and Religious Texts, p. 45. ZAG 1s entered twice, and also MUNSUB. USAN is omitted. The idiogram for the river Euphrates is inserted. In the succeeding portion where the syllabar is repeated 4 restoration of S® Col. | would be welcome but our text sadly fails us. For PES entered three times our text has the gunu of KAD twice, followed by KAD. Note also that the Babylo- nian variant in WEISSBACH, Miscellen, BE. 13667 has KAD- GUNU for HA-GUNU in all three positions. Hence the original text was: pi-e§ =K AD-GUNU = napaiu, SAI. 5090. pi-e§ =K AD-GUNU = pasdadu, SAI. 5002. ka-ad =K AD =kasaru, SAI. 5096 and 830. DA is entered twice, after which follows [D entered thrice. Hence S? I 31-3 is restored: STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 15 [a-a] =1D=idu. [a-a] =] D=abu. [a-a] =I D=|emuku(?)]2 Here WEISSBACH’S text breaks away. The text in 4502 has two signs between JD and ma§, bar which correspond perhaps to gu-ur and dess# in CT. XI 15a 37 f. These signs appear to be BAD and X. Our text restores S® | Su-[uS)=SU and ni-t=SU+BIL= pulubtu. See also PoEBEL, PBS. 104 IV 12 and Cray’s Yale Syllabar 290. In S° HUL is entered thrice but in our text the third sign corresponding to b7-ib-ra is not HUL but a similar sign. Ni. 6061 published as No. 54 repeats a section of S° Col. I several times. This tablet has in each case BAD and SU for BAD and X before MAS. Hence di-es-Su in CT. XI 15a 38 must be regarded as a value of the sign SU repeated three places below. gu-ur is then a value of BAD, a sign entered iMiccruis fatale OAs(za7). and. LY ©22 (bade us) =REC, 11. 9 It is possible then that Ni. 4502 entered BAD thrice. Perhaps CT. XI 15a 37 1s to be restored #2-21= BAD =baldtu (REC. 11). Hence the sign BAD appears in three places in S? and the Assyrian form results from a confusion of three classical signs. Ni. 6061 R. | has instead of JD thrice only one sign, which is a peculiar form of JD and Col. III has a sign for JD resembling that of Ni. 4502. 6509 A small fragment from the right edge of a large tablet. It carries a few lines at the bottom of the last column of the obverse, and at the top of the first column of the reverse, thus forming a continuous text of 20 lines which form a duplicate 1 This should correspond to CT. XI 15a 36. 16 of part of Rev. I and IV on Ni. 19791 =PoEBEL, PBS. V ET5e: UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION The text may be restored as follows: 3 Sumerian is dur, durum. OO Se icaaes [me-a-an-ti-en| [me-a-an-ti-en| [me-a-an-te-en-|ne-en [me-a-an-ti-|en-7i-en [me-ale-ne-ne [me-a] lit me-en-ne-en* [me-a li|za-en-Zi-en” [me-a lu e?|-ne-ne [me-a IM-RI-A-mu| | | nr- gim| a-li_at-ta' a-li a-na-ku a-li ni-nu? a-li at-tu-nu a-li Su-nu a-li ni-Su-n1 a-li ni-su-ku-nu a-li ni-Su-Su-nu a-li ki-im-t1 ki- a- am ki-a- am-ma ki-i ki- a- am as-Sum ki-a-am ki-a-am ma-at-a-am a-na(?)ki- a- am eral: 7a-am-ma Reyes oi na u-ta 2 Veta li-im u- ta This fragment from a two column tablet must remain for the most part uninterpreted. words badly preserved but the values themselves are unusual. Beginning with line one of Col. Il gig=Supurru[....] 1s unknown. For Supurru, see Clay, Miscel. 53, 122 where the In Il 5 ne=kardu, strong; see Sum. Gr. 231. 117 gan=karbu, near; ct. gana = karabu, CT. 12, 10a 1 and ku-nu=kiribu, sanaku, press near, BRUNNow, Nos. 10587-8 13207 Where art thour Where am I? Where are we? Where are your Where are they? Where are our folks? Where are your folks? Where are their folks? Where is my family? Thus; like this. Wa eS After this fashion. Therefore. For such purpose. Not only are the Sumerian and KiicHLER, Medizin 67 f.; also PBS. I 22, 22. 1Ni. 19791 Rev. | 24. That text employs N/ for /t. 2 Var. Rev. | 25. 3 Var. Rev. I 26. 4 Literally “the people—we.” 5 For this independent form of the 2d per. pl. cf. za-a-an-gi-en, Ni. 19791 VIII, 8. 6 See PoEBEL, PBS. VI, p. 40, 8. STEPHEN LANGDON—-SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 17 I] 11-16 has the Sumerian words for the well known Semitic zpku, which forms an element of proper names in all periods.t The root is epéku and a synonym of rému,? hence ipku, 1pku mercy. In nomenclature it is represented by szg, Sig a variant of S4g=damaku, and the ideogram in II 11 ends in sig. Hence names like Ipku-Ishtar mean, “‘Mercy of Ishtar,” etc. Note also 2p-ki-Su lukallimmu-ka, “‘May he cause thee to SGGRISHINeI Cy Cl es 2eING mao a5 Ole tis 30, e37e8 Aone end of the fragment two words for diseases are given, sinittu, leprosy and mangu. In RA. XI, 84, 33 a5-gig=sinnitu; the word appears as s7-ne-it-la in K. 45, 11. See Hotma, Kleine Bettrage 20. 4008 Obverse II contains a fragmentary list of ornaments for women. DAG-gig, “black stone.’ Mentioned with dag-UD, “the white stone,” probably to be read ddag-bar-ra after CT. 14, 3) 1. See also CT. VI E2Ue3A5t\ DAG-NE, mentioned with dag-SI as in CT. 14, 3b 3. Explained by aban pi-in-du-u, CT. 14, 15, 34 in a list of ornaments of a woman’s apparel. pinda is explained by aban iSat, “‘fire-stone,”’ and by zanizbu, Rm. 3309, 13 f. in CT. 18, 26. The latter stone za-ni-bu is rendered a-a-ni1-bu (1. e., ta-ni-bu) =dag-ZA+SUH-UNU-K1, in an unpublished syllabar, Det. H. W., 50a and by ”*"za-ni-bu (CT. 14, 17a 10) =dag-Z A-SUH- UNU-KI for which CT. 14, 15, 11 has simply “*"ni-bu. The sign dag=abnu has also the values 74 and 74,’ and consequently zanzbu and ga-nibu are both loan-words whose first syllable represents the word for jewel.t| nibu consequently represents the word without the deter- minative and we must suppose a value 2i-ib° for ZA-SUH-UNU-KI. 1See RaNKE, Personal Names 80 ff.; TALLQuist, Neubabylonisches Namenbuch 300. 2 CT. 18, 22, 34. See also si-la=epiku, be merciful, PoeBEL, PBS. V 102 IV 18, and sila= mindatum, compassion, ibid. 16. The word sila came to have this sense from sla womb. 8 The value ja for Br. 5221 was first conjectured by Cray, BE. 14, 23 and is confirmed by Voc. Berlin, 523 | 25. 4 See on the distinction between dag, stone, and 74, jewel, Sum. Gr. 56. 5V R. 22, 23 gave 7a-ba-bu and CT. 12, 28, 26 7a-ba-[bu?]; a BERLIN Vocabulary has 7a- balam (Detitzscu, Glassar 218). 18 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION De.itzscu, H. W. 50, cites K. 4349, 10 f. 74(or 1a4)-ZUR-DUG-LI and (7a)-,a-ni-bu' as Sumerian equivalents of ga-nt-bu. According to the ideogram janibu should mean “jewel of Hallab,” and probably refers to an ornament of the apparel of Ishtar. CGT a Ayer5 also contains names of Ishtar’s apparel. dag-NE or 74, ia,.NE means precisely “fire stone,” and pindf is probably for penta, “Jive coal,” hence “glowing object,” “fire stone.” In this case the disease penda is a kind of red fiery tumor and really the same word as pentu.? DAG-UR, here for the first time. Probably aban-bastz, “jeweled cloth of the pudendum.’ DAG-TU, explained by (aban) ja-ra-bu, CT. 14, 15, 33, another example of the Sumerian 74 “‘jewel,”’ incorporated into a loan-word. Explained as id-¥uba 3ig=aban subi samtu, “the red agate,” CT. 14,15, 33- In any case an ornament, jeweled article, worn by women at the waist; DAG-TUD Xa kabli-¥a, “the iarabu of her loins,” IV R. 31, 54, where it is a gloss on Sibbu, ‘‘girdle(?).” Must we assume.a value rag for 7U? DAG-U-TU, “birth-stone,” clearly a jeweled cloth worn by women and synonymous with zarabu. DAG-nu-U-TU. DAG-?-bar. DAG-SAG(?)-DU, aban bani(?), and hence synonym of 74-i-tud = aban aladi. For sag-du=bani, see SAI. 2319 and nin-di-sag=beltu banitu, CT. 2A, aoe 7 OBVERSE III Line 2 is probably to be restored from CT. VI 12a 10 aban algamis.4 Line 3, (dag) kisib-X =aban kunuk algamis1, a seal made of the algamish stones Gl. Cie Liioais: Line 4, (dag) gis-X =CT. VI 12a 12. The same stone without determinative abnu is found in a dream omen, K. 45, 16 (PSBA. 1914, Pl. XIII), where it is said to be seen designed on a wall. | 1 Here the scribe employs the loan-word as a Sumerian word and ignoring the syllable ja adds once again the determinative. The reference ,K. 4349 is erroneous, for this tablet contains only lists of gods. 2 See also Hotma, OLZ. 1914, 263. 8 Also DAG-SI probably refers to the “gall-stone,’’ or a jeweled band worn at the upper waist. 4 Here the sign is SAL+ KAB, but in our text NJ-+KAB. On these various forms for alga- mish, see RavAu, BE. Series D. V 54; Historical and Religious Texts, p. 29 N. 4 and Ni. 4585 in this volume. Messner, SAI. 1761 and 4069 wholly misunderstood the sign. Another form UD+ SAL+KAB is certainly identical with gis+-SAL+KAB in Historical and Religious Texts, p. 64 n.3. The GIS or UD+X represents a species of the algamish stone. gz5 is probably the original form. Cf. also ¥ir-gal, Gud. St. B. 6, 15, etc., with g7S-Sir-gal, Br. 1657. STEPHEN LANGDON——-SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 19 Line 5, (dag) al-X. Line 6, (dag) kisib-al-X, a seal of al-X stone. Line 7, (dag) e-li-li, ‘“‘the elél-stone.”’ Written also e-li-el, Historical and Religious Texts 29, 8; BE. VI Ser. D 42. Variant of alalu. Line 8, (dag) e-li-li, ‘‘a seal of elel-stone.”’ Line 0, dag gis-e-li-li, ‘‘the giS-elel-stone.”’ Line 10, dag-NUNUZ, followed by white and black NUNUZ-stone, as in Hen vileloD 23. The reverse Col. I speaks of the newly born (VUNUZ-01) and the nearly matured (amar-bi) of animals, but the frag- ment permits no definite information. Col. II contains a list of woolen garments. 4504 Fragment from upper left corner of a two column tablet; contains about half of Cols. | and IV (or Col. II of reverse). By placing I 1-12 before line 1 of Col. IV and IV 15-24 at the end of Obv. I, both Cols. I and IV are completed. In other words, obverse and reverse of this tablet are identical. It follows on after 4599 whose last sign was MARUN or some combination of that sign and begins with a similar sign sig= Sartu, “wool.” The tablet completes the end of K. 4342 neve tlk. 30 NO. and restores the greater part: of K. 4342 Rev. IJ. It will be noted that 4599+45094 restores KeeieaeeObveetiat2 to Rev. II a1) where Ky 4342. probably ended. The Asurbanipal colophon probably completed this column. We, therefore, lack one tablet of the Nippur collec- tion to complete the duplicate of K. 4342 Obv. I and part of Obv. II. Obviously these Nippur syllabars were uninscribed on the reverse as Ni. 45099, or inscribed with a duplicate of the obverse as Ni. 45094. 1Cf. Genouillac, RA. VII 159. UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 20 REVERSE 1. galu sa-gaz. Cf. Obv. 13. 1. babbatu, plunderer.' 2. galu KU-gan2 Cf. Obv. 14. 2 3. galu Se-gitr-kud. Cf. Obv. 15. 3. ésidu(?), harvester. 4. galu Se-giir-gur. Ct. Obv. 16. 4. idem. 5. galu Se-ki-kes-da. GRID VaL7: 5. 6. galu Se-il-il2 Cf. Obv. 18. 6. 7. galu Se-BADA Cf. Obv. 10. 7p 8. galu genbur° 8. Sa babburi 9. galu Se-lal g. dalfit, water drawer.° 10. galu Se-lal kt-ta' 10. Sa Sapilti, one that draws water from the deep.* 11. galu Se-bal-gis. Cf. Obv. 22.° 11. dali, water drawer. 12. galu ab-lal' 12. dali Employed in V Raw. toa 8 after banabu $a pirtim, to thrive of the hair, but in ZA 8, 200, SCHEIL 23, Se gir ba-an-Su-ba=Se‘im bu[nnubul], of grain. libnub, ‘May thy brightness be abundant,” RA. 11, 149, 34. original form, me-ir-me-ir. ?Vars. K. 9961, 17+I1 R. 38h 2 omit a. Rm. II 40 Rev. 6, CT. 4 Var. gi-ni-ag-a. A verb kamamu, variant of kami, bind, surround, Note ka-ma-mu, a disease, Syn. te‘u and nit$ kakkadi, dizziness of the Cf. also gi-ge-en-me-tr-me-ir = The variant K. 9961 has the Il R. 384 has only bu-un-nu-bu. 19, 37 has a-dug-ga-aga-a=liki[Sa...... ]. THOMPSON’S reading is correct from Kino’s collation and SAI. 2049 should be suppressed. ® BoissiER, Chotx 141, 13, gloss on patalu. Serpents tktaplu, iktappilu, writhe, Bossier, DA. 262, 4; PincHEs, Texts 12a 27. akaplakim, “I will do it for thee twice,” RA. 11, we 21 See also Jastrow, Religion 1017. gt-ag-a, use the neck. ° Cf. gu-gili=mundabsu, warrior, mutikku, slayer, babilu, plunderer, Voc. Hittite, Berlin 7478 II 35-7. ’ So both variants IT R. 38, 5 and V R. 20, 35. 8 Sic! ° Variants mu. Variants sag-dib. ° Variants have no line corresponding to |. 29. 1 Here variants have a sectional line. 12 Variants, sig-sig. *’ Here and in II Raw. 38, 26 the inserted sign is gud+-gud, but in CT. 12, 26, 16 kat. See SAIZ7 741. 24 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 4598 A Sumerian list of chairs, beds and similar articles. Broken at the middle from top to bottom. The tablet probably belongs to the period of Samsuiluna but may be later, and possibly Coscite: ialteise pal ta leamectles containing long lists of objects made of wood and is the original of a portion of the large Assyrian vocabulary, K. 4338a,! published in DELITZSCH, Assyrische Lesesticke, 3d edition, 86-90. Ni. 4598 begins at the End fot GCole wobene 4ayodn als contains all of Col. II (which it restores) and a part of Col. II], which can be almost wholly restored. The colophon of K. 4338a states that the Assyrians knew this series as gar-ra= bubullu, of which K. 43384 formed the fourth tablet. The third tablet has been published in transcription by MEISSNER, MVG. 1913 No, 2, 10-30; 1t 4s entirely devoted to names of trees. The same scholar has recently published another complete tablet of this series in his Assyriologische Studien, No. 1, Leiden, 1916. It is probable that the Nippur collection contains the original of the entire SETiCS BE De ascyrlan etedacuon contains several changes, additions and omissions. 1. gis-gu-7a Sig-ga =K. 4338a 1. da-mi-ik-ium, mercy seat.’ | 68 2. gis-gu-za gid-da’ =| 69 2. ka-lak-ku, the long seat. Pe Tiss Me Cricdes a ae al 3. Ru-us-st SAR-[?], a wagon-seat? 4. gis ,, sal-e-NE°=I1 1 4. ku-us-si zinnisati, seat of women. A i 2 ae ee 1 DELiTzscH gave this tablet as K. 43784 but it is numbered 4338a in Bezold’s Catalogue. 2 The term has probably a special religious sense, referring to the seat on which the gods sit in receiving worshippers, as shown so frequently on seals. Cf. Opovos Ths xapiTos, Heb. 4, 16. 3 RTC. 221 Obv. VI; 222 1V 4. This term has also some unknown special significance. ‘Var. sir-da. The Semitic appears to have sir-[dt-e], cf. LE Re235.53 5 sql-e-NE occurs as a verb in Gud. Cyl. A. 22, 5. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 25 5. gis-gu-7a zag-bi-us' =|] 2 5. ku-us-st ni-[me-di], chair with foot rest. 6. g15 ,, LA-LAM-TI-TUM 6. a-rat-ti-ti,? chair with foot-rest. Baris us, ki-us (AW AEA S Aas |*, chair for jour- neying. On £15) 4,. akaskal 8. kusst barrant, chair for the route.°® an eis a tide 9. Chair for men. ep GRi WY yrtk 10. Chair for women. Ie 2155 ee Parc tt Dae eee eat re ae eee 12. gis ,, gar-? Vea peas oad hie eee ens 13. gis ,, gis-ginar 13. Seat for a wagon. ian 25) 2; bara! 14. Chair for the holy chamber. 15. gis ,, ni-ma-ld 15. kusst pulubti(?), seat of adora- tion(?). 16. gis ,, = Rt-u¥8 16. kusst-Sapiltum(?), seat of hu- miliation? LPTs, BSS? 17. napalsubtum(?), mourner’s seat. 18. gis ,, Sag-gul-la® 18. Seat of gladness of heart. Lm Otsaiie GUSH 19. Saddle(?) for an ass. 2m vesi ce Lugal? 20. Royal chair, throne. ‘RTC. 221 Obv. I 10 and perhaps II 9 has zag-bi-uS-ka, “‘a seat with foot-rest made of ivory.” Var. II 4 has here an additional ideogram gi gu-za zag-gti-us-sa=kussi ,, , 1. €., nimedi. Cf. gS gu-za zag-bi-us zabar-ra guxkin gar-ra, RTC. 222 | end. * Restored from II R. 23, 4 a-rat-ti-i=kussi nimedi, and Var. II 4 gts-gu-za aratta=a-rat- [t7-2]. The ideogram in Ni. 4598 is otherwise unknown. Cf. VAB. IV 280, 17. Variant gives two Semitic readings, the loan-word aratti and ka-[bit-tum?], seat of honor, probably because chairs with foot-rests were associated with kings and gods. 3 So restore AL.’ 86 II 6. * Probably some word for way, route, like daraggu is intended. ®° Restore from II R. 23, 6. Here the late variant adds gi$-guza kaskal nim-ma-ki, a chair for the route, an Elamitic chair. eC ort | Ge227 ObY V2. from Ni. 4508. “RIC. 221 IV 10. gis-gu-za bara(!) ga-lu-tb sag-ba guskin gar-ra, Chair for the holy chamber, made of baluppu wood, whose top is made of gold. kussi parakki, 1V R. 18a 6 below. * Certainly different in meaning from |. 7. Cf II R. 23a 7. * This one of the earliest known forms of ¥e¥ and may be identical with ERIN as THUREAU- DANGIN on the basis of RA. 9, 77) 12 supposed. Cf. SBH. 55 Rev. 12. Note ERIN in CT. 15, 26, 5 and 27, 6. mnapalsubtu should refer to a place for kneeling, a hassock or stool, not a chair. For kneeling on the mourner’s stool (ki-bulla) see Bab. III 237. Perhaps kussit is employed also in this sense Cf. dur-gar-e Sag-gul-la, Ravau, Miscel. 2, 33. in AL.? 86. 11 Omitted on variant. Here AL.3 86 II is broken away and the lost portion is restored Here begins fragment of Var. Col. II 26 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 21. gis-gu-za dun-|sa-ma 31. saddle(jior Altea: zebu. . rye Roa hE TY: kin-ti" 22. kulssi kiSkittz], seat of the arti- san. 23. gis 4, ma-gan" | 23. A chair of Magan. 24. gis , ma-lag’ 24. A sailor’s chair. 25. gis ,, mig-rin-na° 25. An embellished chair(?). 26. gi’ ,, galam-ma° 26. An ornamented chair. 27. gis», galam-ma urudu gar-ra 27. Anornamented chair made with copper. 28. gis ., galam-ma..... gar-ra 28. An ornamented chair made with 29. gis ,, galam-ma..... gar-ra 29. An ornamented chair made with 30. gis ,, galam-ma guskin gar-ra 30. An ornamented chair made with gold. 31. gif ,, galam-ma kus gar-ra 31. An ornamented chair made with leather. Sper ibeh Aver s ee eee 32. A chair of box-wood. 33. gi 4, gis-est 33. A chair of u5a*-wood. 34. gif ,, gis-ga-lu-ub° 34. A willow(?) chair. 35. gis ,, su-md-a egir RL OR aes Sahar OMS 36. gis ,, Su-sag(?)-du-a egir' 46. is ehh ace ai eke ele eee 37. gis ,, Su-nigin-na 37. ku-us-si pit-bur-ti,\' seat of as- sembly (?) 38. gis-ka-mus*- — gu-qa 38. ka-mus-Sak-ku 1 The sign is DUN but the Assyrian scribe read SAH, a common error. The Var. has dun- 7a-ma. ‘The original form was probably dun-Sag-ga, a species of zebu. 2 Var. gis-kin-ti. gi$ has been erroneously omitted. The kiSkittu includes carpenters, leather- workers, sailors, sculptors, scribes and smiths, see NIKOLSKI, 52 Obv. II] and RTC. 54 and 08. 3Var. gan-na. Var. inserts also “A chair of Meiuhha.” The Semitic seems to have ma|-gan-na-tu?}. 4 Here AL. 86 II has again a long break. 5 Or gar-rin-na(?). Perhaps kusst ellitu. 6 For the sign and meaning see Historical and Religious Texts, p. 45. 7 urkarinnu. 8 Loan-word, perhaps chestnut. 9 See MEISSNER, MVAG. 1913, No. 2, p. 31. 10 [f this ideogram stood in AL.’ 87 II 52, as seems probable, then it was rendered by erimti ,, , which stands apparently for erimti arkatt. 1 Var. ALS 87 Il 53 tum. Hardly mithurtu in view of the Sumerian. The variant AL.$ 86 f. had several inserted words, since the break is much too great for the material on Ni. 4598. 12 Ni. 4598 has gu-za both before and after ka-mus. RANKE, BE. VI 95, 16 has gi3 gu-za ka-mus and gis-nad ka-muS [cf. Ni. 4598 Rev. 28 and AL 86 III 22 =ir-Su ka[muSsakku], hence a kind of chair and kind of bed, rather than a part of them. See Scuorr, VAB. V, p. 284. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 27 39. gis-sag- gu-za 39. pu-u-tum,' front of a chair. 40. gis-RI gu-7a 40. HAB-tu-u 41. gis-sumun gu-7a 41. bulé#,? wornout chair. 42. gis-kesda® gu-7a 42. [rikis kussi] turban(!) of the chair. 43. gis-dubbin gu-za' 43. supru, claw of the chair. REVERSE I. gis-na° 1. pitnu, reclining chair, couch, mattress. 2. gis-na_ gal 2. (pitnu) rab, great couch. 3. gis-na tir 3. (pitnu) sabru, small couch. 4. gis-na su 4. pitnu ka-ti, reclining chair with arm rests(?)® 5. gis-na kus 5. pitnu Sa maski, a leather couch. ‘Var. u-ti#, AL.3 87 II 59. The variant has a different order and inserts two unknown ideograms for pitu. * From bali, to be worn out, perish. [gi5-su-m]un=bu-lu-u, nikru (ruined, broken), and (tu) labiru, old article, CT. 12, 44a 29-31. Duplicate K. 4408 (Pl. 45) has su-un for sumun. K. 2042 (ibid.) Obv. 7-9 has the same order. AL.’ 87 II 55 has a late insertion gis-EN-gu-7a= EN-lum (Var. lu), 1. e., bulum (read enlu in Br. 2942). AL.3 87 II 58 has also the insertion gts- 1-71 gu-7a=amartum. 121 < gis-7i=igaru, wall (see ZA. 24, 387). * keSda seems to be the reading. It is apparently omitted with gu-za in AL.3 87 II. Cf. CT. 8, Bu. 88-5-12, 10 |. 9 gi3-keSda follows iru and kusst. PSBA. 1911 Pl. XXIX 10 g1s- keSda kakkadi. (Cf. also CT. 6, toa 10, gi3-keSda dingir-ri-e-ne-ge]. K. 8827, 6 ri-kis kak-ka-dt, Syn. of markas kakkadi, mukil kakkadi, band of the head, support of the head, and riksu= agu, turban, V R. 28, 19. But rikis kussi, rikis irSi, binder of the chair, binder of the bed, can hardly mean, turban, rather head-rest and pillow. SAL ASF Al 54; ® $a is clearly written and attested also by sa=pitnu, Sm. 526, 25. AL.’ 87 has misread the sign as DA, Col. I 58-64 which has caused great confusion. Br. entered this false reading No. 6652 and Meissner, following Martin, Lettres Neo-Babyloniennes 95 has also given gis- DA=piinu. TuHompson read gii-DA=Ii‘u tablet, and that is the only defensible reading in view of da=Ii-e-‘u wise, RA. 9, 77 1 13. pitnu or gi$-SA probably means “couch, reclining chair,’ or perhaps also “mattress,” in view of the word sa, Sa=net. It is a synonym of irSu, bed and nimattu, hassock, in Assyrian inscriptions, Kinc, Annals 342, 123; 364, 61 and ScHEIL, 7 ukulti-Ninib 70, and was erroneously rendered ‘pommel’? by THUREAU-DANGIN, Sargon 353. Note especially aSar pit-nu Saknu la tirrub, “where the couch is placed not shalt thou (the pest god) enter,’ Sm. 526, 25 and ibid. 27 mudé pit-ni la tuSess4, “him that knows the couch not shalt thou send away.” The value na-a is probably borrowed from nad in Sy). B. 61; Sa took over this meaning from sa, by mutation of sibilants. 6 AL.’ 87 I 62 adds also the barber’s chair. 28 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 6. gis-Su-a' 6. littu, canopy, baldachin(?) 7. gis-Su-a kar-qu 7 ahs Wate vhs madi, eee mee poets 8. gis-Su-a_ kaskal 8. littu harrani, palanquin. 9. gis-Sa-a_ pur-kul 9. littu purkulli, canopy? of the sculptor. 10. gis-¥a-a URUDU-N AGAR? 10. littu gurgurri, canopy? of the smithy. 11. gis-Su-a SOT 11. littu gallabi, barber’s canopy? 12. gis-Sil-a Sa gu-{a 12. [littu $a kussi], canopy? of a chair. 13. gis-Sit-a Sa gal 13. [littu $a dalti], canopy? of a door. 14. gis-Su-a gis-gu-za ansu® 14. Canopy? of a saddle for an ass. 15. gis Sa gir-du'* 15. kirsabbu,* foot-stool. 16. gik Sa gir-du alad 16. kirsabbi $a ¥édi, the foot-stool of the protecting genius. 17. kirsabbu Sa réSa-Su usi epsu, a foot-stool whose top is made with uSa-wood. 18. gis nad 18..)275i5 Ded: ig. gis-nad_ ds-nad 19. dinnitu, bed for one person.° 17. gis Sa gir-du sag-est dit 20. gis-nad_ ki-nad' 20. irsi ma’ali, bed of the sleeping chamber. 21. gis-nad-zi-ga* 21. irst sikkani(?), a bed bowl- stand? 1 ¥u-a < SuS, conceal, cover. The early form in RTC. 223 I 8. Note gi-Sa-a=situ, river house of cane, BM. 51070, 6. By metonomy perhaps “‘curtained bed,” as in ma gi3-Si-a-ta= ina bit litti, “in the house of the baldachin,” CT. 15, 13, 17. ZK. II 83, 13 renders g1s-Su-a= burfi, cane mattress, perhaps also litter, stretcher. Jittu is probably the femine of /d, “net, woven work,” Sum. sa-a and Sa-a, K. 257 R. 5 and Syl. B. 62, hence a synonym of pitnu= SA(na-a). The plural is (isu) li-it-te-tum, CT. IV 40, B. 5 where it follows kussi. The dual occurs as (isu) li-it-ti-e, Peiser, Vertrdge, p. 212, 17, also with kuss#. Nbn. 258, 13 f. has 7 ka-su-u iXten-it isu li-it-tum, Seven chairs and one canopy, followed by Supal Sépu, foot-rest. 2 ttbira(?), ef. CT. 20, 46, 5. 3AL.3 87 Il 64 has an insertion giS-Sa-a-Su=littu ka-ti, canopy? of the hand. If our interpretation be correct this probably means, sun-shade, the forerunner of the modern um- brella. AL.* has also two late terms littu namzaki, canopy? of we lock or key, and Jittu 13di=?; both obscure colloquial uses of well-known words. 4 Here began AL.? 86 Col. III. 5 Literally, ‘the wood which is walked upon.” OAL A2 ada se 7Cf. CT. 4, 40 B. 1. ma’alu, bed-room (not bed). 8 Probably for zi-ga-na=zi-gan=sikkanu. Cf. gis-zi-nad, DP. 413 II 3, and gz’-nad-z1- [ga]-na, Ni. 4562 Rev. 9. stkkanu, | conjecture, means bowl-stand, 410 II 2, a cauldron sup- ported on legs (IV R. 55 I 29), astand supporting a bowl placed at the bedside. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 29 22. gis-nad_ gu(?)-zi-ga PARTY enact ced, YO oe RT A ee 23. gis-nad dubbin 23. supur irsi, claw! of a bed. 24. gis-nad dubbin gud? 24. supur alpt irsi, ox-hoof of a bed. 25. gis-nad-dubbin — sal-la’ 25. supur irst Sa ginnisti, Woman’s bed with claw-feet. 26. gis-nad (%)-a-giig' 26. A willow bed. 27. gis-nad ka-mus 27. irsu kamussakku’? 28. gis-nad_ kar-zu® Dye eee heey et. 3. 8) oe oe ee 29. gts-nad kar-zu sig-ga SU-ag-a 29. f-a-TU-? Sa pusikki. 30. gis-nad kar-7u sig ag-ag-a SOs =U 0 ae Sr ee 8 31. gis-nad uri-(k1)° 31. (arsu) ak-[ka-di-i-tu], an Akkadian bed. 32. gis-nad ari(?) (ki) 32. (irsu) a-mur-ri-i-tu(?), an Amorite bed. 33. gis-nad-nad Se ay ae ere eee e te ae tot eo 34. gi5-bar-da nad" SF ee Alar Oe ree Oe Reet Lec 35. gls-sag nad EG eeK ie (es Oe |, top of the bed.!? 36. gis-RI nad SOR Fat ie ter tot 37. gis-sumun™ nad 37. A wornout bed. 38. gis-keSda nad 38. rikis irsi, pillow(?). 39. gis-dubbin nad 39. supur irsi, claw of a bed. a carne Sa cae eae cece a ee eee ee eee ‘The supru of chairs, beds, etc. (cf. su-pur stkkant, “claw of a cauldron’’), refers to the ornamented end of the legs or supports of these objects. Note for example the legs of a stool ending in lions’ claws, HuNGER and Lamer, Altorientalische Kultur im Bilde, No. 153, also the silver vase of Entemena (No. 157) stands on four feet in form of lions’ claws. Such orna- mented feet are frequently mentioned in lists of furniture; dubbin gu-za-sal, “the claw of a woman's chair,” RTC. 233. dubbin nad, “claw of a bed,” DP. 413 Il 4. Often after nad, REC. 223 I 12, etc. ACME ORS yh aNd ee FL pee 9 Cf. gt8-nad gis-KU dubbin KA-la, “A woman’s bed of urkarinnu-wood, with claw-legs,”’ DP. 75 I 3. KA is a variant of SAL. For KA with value sil, see Sum. Gr. 240. * Br. 11428; for the form in the Isin period, see Ni. 4561 Rev. II 26, and in Assyrian texts K. 45, 33, in PSBA. 1914. * Corresponds to AL.’ 86 III 22. ° Cf. above, I. 7. This line probably corresponds to AL.’ 86 III 14=?-a-TU..... , followed by [gt5-nad kar-7u]-tag= ,, ¥e-e’(?)-?. "AL.3 86 III] 16. Here this text has also [gi’-nad kar-z]u sig-ga SU-ag-a= ,, ¥a Sarti. 8’ Omitted on variant. ° Cf. AL.3 86 III 21, and for akkaditu, SBP. 264, 8. Var omits; " bar not mas, after RTC. 206, 7. Cf. AL.3 86 III 26. 7, URW! ora vB 138 Perhaps AL.? 86, 25 should be corrected to BAD for AS. 30 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 4595 Fragment of the series ana iti-Su; restores 82-7-14, 864 Cole zl lita Lilien Zaye zalce)s t tul 1. burtu, well. 2. Sub-ba 2. nadi (imperative), throw." 3. bur-ta pad-da’? 3. ina burti ata, look into the well. 4. sil-ta tur-ra 4. ina sttki Surub, cause to enter from the street.’ 5. ka ur-diir'-a-n1-5u in-kar° 5. ina pi kalbi ekim, he seized him from the mouth of (his) dog. 6 wr 6. sinu, lap, bosom. 7. ur- bi 7. stn-Su, his bosom. 8. ur-bi- Su 8. ana stini-Su, upon his bosom. g. ur- bi- su in- gar 9. ana stini-Su ixkun, he placed upon his bosom. 10. pa-te-s1° 10. 7ssakku, regent. 11. [é-bar-] as 11. Sangu, high priest. 12. [PA+] Als 12. Sabri. 13. [um-] mi- a 13. ummannu, skilled workman, scholar. 14. asar-r1(sic!)? 14. pubru, assembly. 15. Sidi 15. minitu, number. 1 Lines 1 ff. recall incantations, as also BM. gio1o (CT. 14, 13) begins with three lines of CT. 17, 36, 88-90=ZA. 28, 77, 48-50. 2 Var. ni-pad-da. The phrase is repeated in II R. 9, 32 [ful-ta ni-|pad-da =ina bur-ti a-tu-Su, “seek for him in the well.” Here mi is placed before the root as the accusative. 3So II R. 9, 33. ZA. 7, 27, 4 has sil-ta ni-kuir-ra=ina stiku Surbu. Here kur=gur is employed as a synonym of tur and means, cause to return. 4A Berlin vocabulary, variant of CT. 14, 14 14 gives ur-gal for ur-KU=kalbu, hence KU has the value dir=rabi. Note also ur-dir-ri, AJSL. 28, 226, §48. 5 Vars. ba-an-da-kar and II R. 9, 34, ta, from, instead of Su, against, an idea expressed by the dative of disadvantage in Latin but a shade of meaning difficult to render in English. 6 Provisional reading; the true pronunciation is probably 75Sa(g). 7Var. omits. The ¥angu was an executive for the temple and a liturgical office. He has apparently no connection with magic. In Bab. Liturgies XXII, 1 read é-mas, because mas means vision, having in mind the ma¥ma%, priest, a magician; but the ending ri shows this to be false. We have to do rather with bar=pardsu, paris biti, “executor of the temple.”’ 8 Var, false, PA+JB. ® Variant although fifteen hundred years later has the correct text wkkin. 10 MEISSNER, Supplement, pl. 25 Rev. 38, ut-tu(S1D) =mintitum. STEPHEN LANGDON—-SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 31 10. Sati -ma_ -a' 16. manu, counted. 17. sa 17. dinu, judgment. ko RY tar 18. datanu, judge. 19. sa-tar- gal 19. satargal-lum, great judge. 20. sd-tar- gal 20. datanu Sabsu, mighty judge. 21. sd-tar- eri-ki 21. daidnu Gli, city judge. 22. sd-tar- lugal 22. daidnu Sarri, king’s judge. 23. sd-tar-ne-ne 23. datan-Su-nu, their judge. 24. [galu-enim-enim-|ma 24. Sibu, witness. 25. [galu-enim-enim-ma-l\eri-ki 25. Sibi Gli, witness of the city. 26. [galu-enim-enim-|ma_ lugal 26. Sibi Sarri, king’s witness. 27. [galu-enim-enim-|ma_ sd-tar 27. Sibi datant, witness of the judge. 28. [galu-enim-enim-|ma-ne-ne 28. Siba-Sunu, their witness. 29. [galu- ab-|ba® eri-ki 29. Sibi Gli, old man of the city, city councilor. 30. maskim 30. rabisu, watchman. 31. maskim ert-ki 31. rabis Gli, city watchman. 32. maskim lugal 32. rabis Sarri, king’s guardsman. 33. maskim sd-tar 33. rabis daidni, watchman of the judge. 34. maskim - ne- ne 34. rabisa-Sunu, their watchman. 35. [¢] HA? di ER hc Re ee Adan eae 36. in- kur 36. tkkir' 37. m- kur- e- mes a7, tkkiru 38. nam-dumu-a-ni-5u 38. ana martti-su 39. nam-ibila-a-ni- su 39. ana apliti-su 46000. 4501. Nivom>GHOOW IeXERGISES. LHE REVERSES ARE DUPLICATES. The obverse of 4600, which is only partially inscribed, contains a short list of precious stones and ornaments. Line 5 ——— 1 The original word for mant, miniitu, is Sitama, Sitima; note the sign name Sitimme, JRAS. 1905, BM. 81-4-28 Rev. 37. Briinnow, ZA. 7, 20 followed by Meissner, SAI. 4294, read [u]-ma-ni-e, which is impossible; a word wmdnt is unknown. Var. Siti-me-a. ? BRUNNOW appears to have the ditto sign. Uncertain. Here Var. has an insertion sa-tar- [gal?]=Sapiru. 3 It is unusual to find ab-ba with the determinative amelu but the traces favor this. See also amel A B-BA?! $a bit Azadimanu, Ze1TLIN, Le Style Administratif, p. 42,8=Pl. VIII. amelu AB, RTC. 112 Obv. 7, here ab-ba lugal. ‘4 Here begins II R. 33,.No, 2. 32 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM——BABYLONIAN SECTION restores SAI. 9127 -gid-da. Line © restores SAI. 9125, where read -gid-da. The reverse contains a phonetic syllabar aiming to repro- duce each consonant with the three vowels u-a-7. A similar tablet has been published by THUREAU-DANGIN, RA. 9, 80 which also introduces biconsonantal syllables on the same vowel system, as dub-dab-dib; © mur-mar-mer; — bur-bar-bir; tum-tam-tum; sur-sar-sir; zur-zar-qir.. From the order in which the consonants are arranged it is evident that the Sumerians had not succeeded in a scientific analysis of the elements of human speech. Thus in RA. 9, 80 bu-ba-bi occurs in Rev. I and pu2-pa-pi in Rev. IV. un-an-1m 1s separated from um-am-im, and gu-ga-gi from ku-ka-ki. The two tablets also follow different arrangements. For example, Ni. 4600 Rev. II has ku-ka-ki, lu-la-li and RA. 9, 80 Rev. II ku-ka-k1, u-a-1. As far as our tablets are legible they present the following order: tu-ta-ti, nu-na-ni, bu-ba-bi, zu-7a-71, su-sa-si,> gu-ga-g1, du-da-di, ru-ra-ri, wu-wa-wi,! ku-ka-ki, lu-la-li, u-a-t, mu-ma-m1, Xu-Xa-Si,> gu-ga-gi, bu-mu- ?-ma-mi,> pu-pa(r)'-p1, ur-ar-tr,® tum-tam-tim, us-aS-15. ee ee a ee 1 Dr. CHRISTIAN in his useful work on Die Namen der assyrisch-babylonischen Keilschrift- zeichen (MVAG. 1913, No. 1) p. 2 observed the same principle in certain portions of the Semitic syllabars. 2 Written KA. 3 Here sibilants 7, s are grouped. RA. 9, 80 III has su-sa-si twice, separated by um-am-im. 4 The sign P/ is repeated thrice. In Col. IV PJ appears for pi and in RA. 9, 80 IV for #2. Hence this sign represents surd labial and also interlabial spirant w. PJ has also the value mi, as in dim-PI-ir=dimmir, BL. 195, 45. Note mz with variant P/ in the new variant of the Codex Hammurapi, in Historical and Religious Texts, p. 50. w is here obviously the sonant w and not the half vowel u which is impossible with u and 1. 5 Note the complete separation of s and § in this tablet. sa-sa-si occurs in Col. 1, 5u-Sa-5t in Col. III. 6 We have here an attempt to distinguish certain labial sounds from the w, m and p given in other sections of the tablet. The missing sign would help us to settle this difficulty. Perhaps the scribe wished to write vu-va-v7(!). 7 Written MAS on 4600 but pa on 4501. 8 Also RA. 9, 80 Col. I] where wr is written ar. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 33 Unfortunately these two tablets do not throw any light upon the emphatic letters. In AO. 5399 IV we have according to THUREAU-DANGIN, sur-sar-sir and sur-sar-sir, but the latter series may be 7ur-zar-zir; neither k, whose existence I admitted in Sumerian,! nor ¢ is mentioned. They do, however, settle the character w as sonant and not surd. 4574 FRAGMENT OF A SUMERIAN CODE oF LAWS Ni. 4574, part of the obverse and reverse of a single column tablet, 1s unfortunately damaged at both edges so that the laws contained in this text remain obscure until the lines can be completed from duplicates. Obv. 5 begins: tukundi-bi galu uru dingir-ra..... “If a man of the city his(?) god.....” And line 7, which probably continues the same law, reads: lul-u-bé-in-dug.... “‘If he lies...” and line 8 may possibly be restored: [nzg-72|u-bé-in-duig..... “If he speak the truth Sena ” Line 11 refers apparently to a man accused of exercising witchcraft by means of the evil tongue ka-gul. The laws on the reverse frequently refer to ™“Pasag. Pasag is rendered into Semitic by ISum who appears to have been regarded as a fire god, but his character is essentially that of an under- world deity.2. In the obscure lines of our fragment Pasag 1 See the Grammar §27 bis. ? [-Sum is most probably Semitic and connected with WN “fire.” It has been regarded by some as Sumerian and rendered by na’du tabibu, ‘“‘The revered slayer.’ Note that [Sum is inflected as a Semitic word, (ilu) i-Sa-am (ilu) nin-lil a-na (ilu) Samas ilid-ma, “l$um whom Ninlil begat for Shamash,” and Pasag follows Shamash, SAK. 74 VIII 61-63. See RA. VII 20, 7. 34 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION seems to be the pest god but this suggestion is made with reserve. The reverse may be interpreted as follows: Ni. 4574 2. [tukundi-bi galu) sag 1b-Sam-|[Sam|] B Pk Bae Ge |?pa-sag-ra_li-mu-na-tar-ri 4. sag-Sam-Sam-dé igi-gdl-la-ni nu-mu-na-|...... | 5. tukundi-bi “pa-sag-ga.... ....... Gat |Sam-Sam mu-na- ab- bi ou ] ki gis-rin-na_ gu-mu-un-| | 8. tukundi-bi galu gud in-Sam-sam Os [ene |°pa-sag-ra_ li-mu-na-tar-ri 10. gud-Sam-Sam-dé igi-gal-la-ni nu-mu | | 11. tukundi-bi “pa-sag-ga [........ | 12a eee |-Sam-Sam mu-na- ab-bi D3irle ooo |tzir-zal-zal-a-n1 nam-mu-ni-ib-|....... | 14. tukundi-bi galu udu in-Sam-sam 15. udu-sSam-Sam-dé igi-gal-la-ni nu-mu-na-..... 16. tukundi-bi “pa-sag-ga.. ... . 70r eae told |Sam-Sam-dé mu-na-ab-bi TOs |-amas-rin-na-bt nam-mu-ni-ib-[...... | 19. tukundi-bi galu dam 1n-tuk-tuk 20. “pa-sag-ra__li-mu-na-tar-[ri] 4570 RECORD OF A BUSINESS ITRANSACTION 1. One drinking vessel KU-PAP-ta...... 2. Two drinking vessels whose contents! are two ka each, 3. Nine shekels of silver, one seal of lapis lazuli whose value is five shekels, 4. Lu-*Enki son of Eri-e-kenag? 1 G-la-a-bi=ali-Su, |ts bowl. Written EDI N-e-kenag=ardu-nardmu, “The servant, beloved (of the god X).” For EDIN with the value erz, note THUREAU-DANGIN, Inventaire des Tablettes de Tello 1256 Rev. 5, EDIN-ga-a, servants fugitive, and 1044 kal-ga-a, in same sense. kal < kalag has a synonymous meaning, man, employee. For EDIJN in this sense see also CT. X 49, 12245 eri-é-mu, servant of the bakery. Jbid. 11, ert é-Sim, servant of the confectionery. Cf. CT. III 9 Col. II] 35; ztbid. 46 A. 101, etc. ert has the sense workman, able-bodied employee, rather than slave. See for erz, Sum. Gr. 213. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 35 5. to Ur-“Lugal gave. 6. Twenty sar, field of Anumma, man i) Pots , deceased, 7. Ili-Su-bani son of Hamad to Ur-Lugal gave. g. SinikiSam the shepherd, from! “Nusku-4-mag-ana,? of Isin, 1. took® and gave to Ur-Lugal for money. 2 . AnibaSti the slave woman, Amasini..... to Ur-Lugal for money gave. Cv ANUNY Che sla Verney Aenea, to Ur-Lugal 16. until? he shall have built this house, 17. as follows, he together with Amat-i-[?] 18. in the name of the king swore, ......... 19. ““ki-ma ku-um la Sa-ga ma ..... 20. 1-na_ 1-n1-1im 21. la_ tu-ga-la-la-nt.’”® 22. Ummiwakarrat the slave woman to Ur-“Lugal for money he gave. 24. Thirty beams for the dividing wall® to Ur-Lugal for money he gave. 4017 SUMERIAN CONTRACT 1. [1+%(9)] sar dii-a 1. 134(?) sar of land with improve- ments; 2. [gzs-]bal’ gis- — ke5- da’ 2. Canal lock, dike, 3. gis-gal gis-sak-kul? gub-ba 3. water-gate and bar are there. 1 7-t1, 2 “Nusku whose oracle is mighty.” For this title of Nusku, see BL. p. 131. 3 1]-ki-ma. *adi Summa. | know of no other example of this conjunction. ° | fail to understand the import of these lines. Line 21 may be rendered, ‘‘not shalt thou despise me.” 8 y1-ba-na. 7 We have here in all probability the same gi3-bal which occurs in sabdru $a gi3-bal, CT. 12, 40, 50, to restrain, said of a gz3-bal, with which cf. subburu Sa 1-ki, to restrain, said of a canal. Note also the expression for water-gate, gis-gd4l=mibir sa-ma-ri, dike of restraining, CT. 18, 46, 53 and cf. 19, 42, 11. Obviously sabaru > samaru are employed in connection with controlling irrigation by locks, dams and canals. bal is probably the root (bal 2) to pour out, Sum. Gr. 205. 8 For mibir $a nari, dike, dam, see GENOUILLAC, TSA. LXIX n. v. ° stkkuru, bar or bolt which secures the two wings of the water-gate. Perhaps szk-[ku-ru] is to be restored in V R. 32, 40 kan mibri=sik....... , a reed dike, in which case sikkuru is there employed in the same sense. Muss-ARNOLT, Lexicon 532 (followed by GENOUILLAC, ibid.) restores sik-r[um]. 36 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION 4. ki é-bi ag sil-dagal-la-su 4. Its exit is upon the carrefour. 5. da é galu-?-gi-7u 5. Beside the house of Galu-?-gizu. 6. é amar-ba-ab gina lugal-kes 6. House of Amarbab, heir of LugalkeS. 7. ki amar-ba-ab-ta 7. From Amarbab, 8. An-da-nu-me-a-ge 8. Andanumea! g. in- Si- Sam Sam-til-la-bi-su 9. has purchased. As its full price 10. 1% Stklu kaspim 10. 1% shekels of silver 1]. in-na- an- lal 11. he has weighed out to him. 12. ud ktir-$u amar-ba-ab u dumu-bi 12. In future days Amarbab and his son 13. a-na a-na-|(da-)nu-me-a] 13. against Anadanumea 14. é-bi-%% enim nu-um-[mal-mal- 14. for this house shall not make ne-a complaint. 15. mu lugal-bi in-pad-dé-e$ 15. They swore in the name of their king. 4010 LETTER OF THE CASSITE PERIOD CONCERNING GRAIN. ADDRESSED BY MARDUKRAIMKITTI? TO THE KING(?). 1. a-na be-li-ia To my lord ki-_ bé- ma say: um-ma "Marduk-ra-im-ki-[it-t1] Thus (saith) Mardukraimkitti arad- ka- ma Thy servant. 5. a-na di-na-an be-li-1a “Unto my lord himself lu- ul- li- 1k verily | come. SE AS-AN-NA-ge> ki-am MU- As to the wheat and spelt, so is the BI-IM account. 1239 gur of wheat and 36 gur 60 ka of spelt, grain from the land Halman;4 1200 + 30 + g (Se) 30 + 6+ 1/5 (kunasi) Se (mat) bal-ma-an- (kt) 1“Beside Anu there is none.” Cf. e-ni-da-nu-mi-en=ina bali-Su, Voc. Hittite, Berlin 7434 c in DeLitzscH, Abhandlungen der Konig. Preuss. Akademie No. 3, 1914 Pp. 17. 2 A letter by the same writer and commencing with a similar salutation has been published by Rapau, Letters to Cassite Kings No. 30. Concerning the formula ana dinan béli-ja, see 1bid. Pp. 33: 3 Se’u u kunasu. See SAI. 4822 and Historical and Religious Texts, pl. 48 |. 33. 4A city and district east of Bagdad on the Elamitic border, according to DELITZzscH, Paradies 205, modern Hulwan. alu bal-man, BA. VI pt. 1, 147 1. 80. mat bal-ma-an, KB. | 151, 190, and see ibid. map opp. p. 217. Only here with suffixed ki which denotes a city, see for Mal ve (ki), to denote a province named after its chief city, Sum. Gr. p. 58. STEPHEN LANGDON—-SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 37 1800 + 4+ 4/5 + 2/30 (Se) 50 + 9 1804 gur 260 ka of wheat, 59 gur (kunast) pu-ru-rat-ta-as-(k1)! of spelt from Pururattash; 10. 4 + 2/5 + 3/39 mat ba-ma-na-k?? 4 gur 150 ka from the land Haman; an-nu-u la mab-ru This has not been received. a-di-ni ul 1-ka-aS-Sa-da-am Our fixed time’ he(?) keeps not. 1 After lines 8 and g the scribe inserts 170 ka and 175 ka whose significance I fail to under- stand. 2A city and district on the Elamitic border, DELITZscH, Paradies 324. 3 For adi in this sense, see THUREAU-DANGIN, RA. 11, 145, 28. TEXT Bien MusEUM | NUMBER | J 7080 | 2 7072 2 | 15407 3-4 | 11007 : 1852 DESCRIPTION OF TABLETS DESCRIPTION Upper left corner of light brown tablet. Unbaked. School text of which the right half or pupil's copy is cut. away. WHit334s0 Woes ee Obverse is a duplicate of Ni. 15281 (=POEBEL, PBS. V 111) Rev. III 20-IV 5. Cf. also PoEBEL 102 IV 1-3 and 104 Rev. III 8-18 and Cray, Yale Syllabary 207-19. See Ni. 7072 Rev. No. 2 in this volume. According to the Yale Syllabary the sign ga-al-pi-a is LAL- LAL+GISGALLA (Br. 938). But PBS. V 104 III 17f. has gal-bi for this sign and gal-pa-a for LAL-LAL+LIL. Also PBS. V 102 IV 3 has LIL as the last part of the sien. Rev. is duplicate of Ni. 15281 Rev. I 22-Il 9. Left half of a light brown tablet. Unbaked. School text. H. 6%; W. 24%; T.1%-%. A duplicate of the obverse will be found in No. 3. Note the sign Br. 4930 with value su-ud in 7072 and su-ug in 15407, values for UD-GUNU, REC. 92. The form of the sign means “‘light,”’ for which see AJSL. 31, 282. We have for this sign the values sug, sud and sub, Sub all with original meaning “‘bright.’”’ See Sum. Gr. p. 242 sud 3; 243 sug 9. The reverse is a duplicate of 15281 Rev. II end to III 15 and IV 1-17. Right lower corner of a light brown tablet. Unbaked. Reverse not inscribed. H. 214; W. 2; T. 34-38. Duplicate of No. 2. Lower half of a thin light brown tablet in four columns. Slightly baked. H. 3%; W. 4%; T.1-'%. List of ideograms simple and compound. Left lower quarter of a large dark brown tablet. Slightly baked. Reverse not inscribed. H. 3%; W. 334; T.1%-%. Syllabar A. (38) | STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 39 MusEUM TEXT) | PLATE UES NUMBER | DESCRIPTION 6 6-7 8802 Lower half of a dark brown single column tablet. plehtly aba kedae mtises taco Weeote mn Glen 7) Sumerian rituals for incantations, with partial interlinear Semitic translation. 7 \eS-rt 4506 | Nearly complete tablet. Unbaked. H. 334; W. 2%; T. 34-%. Incantations and rituals with a lexicon of names for parts of the head and breast. See pages 9-10. 8 11 14166 | Small light brown fragment forming the upper left | corner of a large thick tablet. Selected list of famous rulers. Reverse is illegible. 9 | 12-14) 11394 | Upper half of a large mole colored tablet. Left edge damaged. Unbaked. H. 514; W.53%4; T. 14-1. _ Syllabar of verbs and words which concern various professions. See pages 10-12. 10 15 14145 | Upper part of the left half of a school text preserving the teacher’s copy. Light brown with dark spots. H. 334; W. 2%; T. 14-1. List of signs; KA with inserted ideograms. 11 |15-17| 4502 , Dark brown tablet, nearly complete, with edges damaged. H. 5; W. 3; T. 1-%%. Sumerian original of Syllabar B. See pages 12-15. 12 18 6509 | Small light brown tablet. Unbaked. H.214; W. 3; T. 34-4. List of adverbs. See pages 15-16. 13 | 19-20] 13267 | Upper right corner of brick red tablet. Partly baked. H. 3; W. 21%; T. 1-¥%. Bilingual syllabar. See pages 16-17. 14 21 4608 | Fragment from the lower edge of a large tablet. Dark brown. Unbaked. H. 214; W.3%; T. 1%4-¥%. List of stones, wools, etc. See pages 17-10. 15 22 4594 | Left half of a long two column tablet. Dark brown. Unbaked. Scholar’s grammatical exer- Cle gap stsie Wi 168 Ty 1840 Seev for duplicates, etc., pages 19-21. 16 22 4599 | Left half of a long two column tablet, intentionally cut lengthwise by the scholar. Dark brown. WibakedsieHi.o7 aWie1s4= “Co «.. -Not inscribed on the reverse. Part of the series ana itti-Su. See pages 21-23. UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION TEXT PLATE MuSsEUM NUMBER | DESCRIPTION 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 23 24 25-26 27 28-20 30 32-35 36 2) 38 3 he 4598 4595 4000 459! 4574 4570 4017 4016 1521 4597 135 4585 Left half of a long two column tablet, intentionally cut lengthwise by the scholar. Dark brown. Unbaked. H.9; W. 234; T. 154-14. List of chairs, etc. See pages 25-29. Series gar-ra = bubullu. Left half of a long two column tablet. Dark brown.. Unbakeds H. 8345 0W. 2; S1paiege ee: Part of ana itti-Su. See pages 30-31. Complete dark tablet. Unbaked. H. 6; W. 5; T. 114-34. Phonetic syllabar. See pages 31-33. See No. 19. Lower half of a long single column tablet. Light brown. Unbaked. Broken along both edges. H.. 314: W. 234; T. 1-}2.9 Sumerian code of laws. See pages 33-34. Complete baked tablet. Light brown. Hees W. 2%; T. %-3%. Business document. See pages 34735. Complete baked tablet. Dark brown. H. 334; W. 3%; T. 34-%. Business document. See pages 35-30. Complete baked tablet. Dark brown. H. 334; W. 2%; T. 34-%. Letter of the Cassite period. See pages 36-37. Long fragment from the right edge of a dark two column tablet. H. 5; W. 2%; T. 1%4-%. Hymn to Shamash. Probably from Sippar. Two fragments probably from the same tablet. Dark brown. Unbaked. Scholar’s exercise. H. 4; W. 4%; T. 1%4-%. Fragment from the middle of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. H. 2%; W. 2%; T. 1144-%. Hymn to Shamash. Fragment from’ the middle of a single column tablet. Light brown. Unbaked. H. 24; W. 2%; T. 4-¥%. Fragment from lower edge of large unbaked tablet. Dark brown. H. 2; W. 5; T. 134. Selection of Sumerian sentences. TEXT 32 33 34 35 36 a¥i 38 39 40 42 STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 4! DESCRIPTION Upper part of a single column, unbaked tablet. Mish eer Gwien bl aan ee Weed -oe Deo TZ Nearly complete single column tablet. Lower edge broken away. Weather-worn. Unbaked. Prehiebrowns. = Heautqur GW. sae le i145: Upper half of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Big imeDIOW mein as Wi ae 1 ig ae Fragment from the middle of a single column reli- Circular convex oval tablet. Unbaked. Scholar’s Fragment from upper left corner of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. He Ts: Nearly complete unbaked tablet. Light brown. Reverse not’ inscribed. H. 314; |W: 214: Fragment from upper part of a single column tablet. brohtvpbrown. a Linbaked | §Hv. 14; We 3: Fragment from the lower left corner of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. H. 234; Fragment from the top of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. H. 1%; W. 2%; Nearly complete single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. Damaged at top and. bottom. Weather-worn. H. 334; W. 234; T. 1-%. Fragment from the left edge of a large tablet. Unbaked. Dark brown. H. 2%; W.: 24%; T. 1-34. Commentary on the attributes of M PLATE | Number 40 4573 Sumerian code of laws. 4l 4005 Religious text. 42 4575 Sumerian letter. 42 4614 gious text. Reverse broken off. 42 4010 tablet. Diameter 3 inches. 43 4580 W. 2%; T. 1-%. Religious text. 43 4571 T. 54-4. 43 4588 T. 58-4. Hymn to Nidaba. 44 4581 W.1%; T.1%4-%. Religious text. 44 4589 T. 144-%. Tammuz liturgy. 45 | 4583 40 4007 the gods. 40 4002 Large unbaked scholar’s tablet. Left lower corner broken off. Dark brown. H. 6; W. 5%; T. 34-¥%. Reverse not inscribed. 42 : UNIVERSITY MUSEUM—BABYLONIAN SECTION TeExT | PLATE aes DESCRIPTION 43 47 4590 | Small fragment from the middle of a single column tablet. Light brown. Unbaked. H. 2; W. 2%; T. %. Contains part of the last three lines of a | religious text. 44 47 4615 | Small baked tablet. Brown. Form of a Neo- Babylonian contract, with only two lines of text. H.. 1987) Ween lew 2a 45 47 4006 | Fragment from upper left corner of a large tablet. ec Mud colored. H. 3; W. 134; To 115-!4egn ocholans exercises 46 47 4003 eet from upper left corner of a large tablet. Unbaked. Mud colored. H. 4; W. 23 T. 134-24. Scholar's exercise. | 47 48 4586 Fragment from left lower edge of a single column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. H. 2% W.1%; T.14-%. Religious text. 48 49 4613 | Fragment from the middle of a large unbaked tablet. | Dark brown. H.3; W.3%; T. 1-4. Religious text. The obverse is entirely broken away. 40 49 4609 ; Fragment along the left edge of a large tablet. Unbaked. Dark brown. H. 2%; W. 2%; L. 1%—-34: Scholar's exercise; 50 49 4604 | Fragment from right upper corner of a large unbaked tablet. Dark brown. H. 34%; W. 3; T. 144-34. Syllabar. 51 |50-51| 4576 | Nearly complete single column tablet. Unbaked. Lights brown. “CHi- 3450) Witte ee lege Religious text. 52 |52-53| 4569 | Fragment; about two-thirds of a long double column tablet. Unbaked. Light brown. H. 4; W. 2%; T. 1-%. Religious text. 53 54 4590 | Single column unbaked tablet. Variegated light and dark; lower part broken. H. 334; W. 2%; dsoirls. 54 55 6061 | Light brown tablet in crumbling condition. Corners and edges broken. H. 4; W. 4; T. 1-&%. An original Sumerian copy of Syllabar B containing Col. | repeated several times with variants. See No. 11, Ni. 4502. STEPHEN LANGDON—SUMERIAN GRAMMATICAL TEXTS 43 MusEUM PexTol PLAT ALE NUMBER DESCRIPTION 55 |50-57| 11387 | Light brown fragment from lower part of a large tablet. H. 5; W. 5%; T. 1%-34. The obverse Col. III is a duplicate of PoeBEL PBS. V TO2FUINE 1001 hey Livandstiascorebl, «Col. Vv corresponds to 114 Col. IJ. In Col. IV of 11387 note the value gurun for KIN thus proving that KIN =eldu, harvest, had originally the value gurun, later reduced to gur. This proves that the name of the twelfth month in the calendar of Nippur was read Se-gur-kud as the writer has argued in Archives of Drehem. See also Sume- rian Grammar 210. 56 58 7074 | Upper half of a dark brown tablet. Right lower corner broken away. On the obverse a teacher’s copy of a list of ideograms. The pupil’s copy has been erased. On the reverse three columns of signs with glosses. H. 4; W. 4; T. 1-¥%. Rev. II-III form a duplicate of No. 55 Obv. III and PoEBEL, PBS. V 114 II and 102 Rev. I-II. Note the sign in Rev. III 19 LAGAR with value na-gal. INDEX OF TABLETS MusEUM NuMBER IN MusEUM NuMBER IN NuMBER. THIS VOLUME. NuMBER. THIS VOLUME. 135 27 4600 19 1521 25 4602 42 1852 5 4603 40 4502 11 4004 50 4500 7 4005 31 4507 29 4606 45 4509 52 4007 4l 4570 22 4608 14 4571 30 4009 49 4573 30 4010 34 4574 21 4613 48 4575 32 4014 3 4570 51 4015 Yi 4580 35 4616 24 4581 38 4017 23 4583 40 6061 54 4585 28 6509 12 4580 47 7072 2 4588 37 7074 56 4589 39 7086 tf I 4590 43 8802 6 4591 20 11007 4 4594 5 11387 55 4595 18 11394 8) 4590 53 13267 13 4597 26 14145 10 4598 Ly 14166 8 4599 16 15407 3 (44) AUTOGRAPH PLATES at u* vw ‘4 t2<4 BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PUA TEA 1 OBVERSE 1 7s | i BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII OBVERSE RAR wird ‘ad I fadtt Vy Went : HEV ee i ‘a (HE Tes PA EE Re. PAE PT vate TAT AW aH ta HAY i reais ma mere ans et ra@ ies REVERSE REE Ae t ais tal ae 7 RAT cH AY oo fe Se oes eee ne eee T° te ts Te es B ae ANT AES ALAN Ee = = \Gsa PLATE Il (eae sree a Rasa parr = zs — te aSuaAgO Vv Ht ALW1d ; IX “TOA WNasSnW “AINA “afd “Ava \. + hh oY we he 6) Bs , a we, ree , * Al ALW1d a ae ‘ ‘ } - 4 PEL Ee dl iA Al = ; Nzvey AL g REALS ree a | LV AL aA > : : 3SYH3A3uY v 1X “1OA WNasnW ‘AINA “and “1ASVd —— PLATE V BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII OBVERSE Recetas a oi a ull SPS wes BRST Ppt p— b—-b-b— b= b— DP pp Ca aed ed Sd Ss bb pd- phe pbc Bie pe pd peepee pe pe Be PEE yp D—b— bb 4 —b —b bbb —- > DD — Dp bh b—b—b—p—_P- 4 b$ - = 2 ty NS 4s i : - Lat (th yu ; ' 5 oak + f re ; 2@e ei ae BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE VI 6 OBVERSE ,; FAR ai ST YEE yak = ME Warde teat (aim(tane Vie iis \- An oi Ad aia AS KY AR. paren + et Y_tet ae ath ae A = cel aay re AE eS tte Stale he qual we OE 5 red el HI TT aces AVEE AT TENA Vos A Ore Pot XA > ve tet ae = hal MY ie AULA IA RAL C= ate Area Wea ve treat AN Boe 4 PT EIR frat cab ar anette i © tsh AY VAT AE 2 : “beacon SEF anea de ye ae, : Pee eee corer te el ee ae airah ganas rig ART Se CT Pear fe We tat eT oe ia ey - ane ee. call eA We AST * at | (EE ade A XR ia ial CE ye AV toat rh THE ARI ARTE MY RELATE BET HE ATE SEAT MA Ayah ee {ha AE i, ta ofa vie isis Ride t@ ey una 7 7 ca ag ee, : Mier “2% ‘ ve a * oy ‘tr 7 Le | ays BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE VII Be N as pati yeaa Un inte ue epreres tere oe Sums yc S td neuer tue ey ainsi eo YY AV ArE EAT @- Lal ict ot th 2 wage ao. asl Xf re el ¥ Heal Wo eae ty ME 2 | — et Wel et ee he 2 et OA be tey wT mE WT LS A oS, be pag Ut tel ie HA ee AA eT rE Al hep tate MT ey tel Tt AY ris both de HA REE bey ea 10 TEAY et Y be VAT he a A rere AE NER vee HR we Pee AER Pet tal SET fe fe tert et ie Ee et tf (PRE Ae Tet OME 0 SEY AT we ret eae Keebler ate 1) Lia: 6 (ON Nae ee WSL A el ad AN WR SE TET hy Butetet yy rane: ae A WHE We we Bere SET ON he = oA sel TON See TW Re ete SAUCER Ie te & aia ak fois ca aT mas TT Fe EN Yas w “Soles BE oe: DE, ie RARE oe pb Ge te ate Pe | Agee SH bed Bla 54D y Be Pe SEU SA Ba Ya is mich ey Ay = 44 a ABA a. ae rik FURR BLY Le = | SRS tae oe ay wee Vane: ee oy ae bu ae ie Ft aT 8 A = ee. ee ? can oe }ray es Way} SNES ae oh ae 2 : ee ae St Wawel s eas a8 Rie ee et oe ~ : ee, ae ee. 4 8 Pes | vy. 4 a4 pv ate ae ak “ haere: Ve ae = Wy rey 3 ayy a mer “ely iny as Be Vir BAS a Wi Se BLT WY 3 aE TRaR oe yd a re bls a IBS AL A Sets Gh Way Ay sy aD ae hs a em od 4\ |S ha FREY —4 oe Et rata EEE LE Te te ate eae ke | Al ae A 3SuaAgo Fe hace L ; . . : - :! . : + ; be ve - : - ae . ; 2 9 wae a ae eee aE os ae et i ae Pte ee x a ~ a ’ > * = ow - . ta a - — a ‘ - 2 : F 1 out rai ' rd eve ; et a ’ : ' Pt os i 2 ns) ¥) f Hi, ’ ’ a hhdy +4 oT me) re | id 5 ee Wh eo% a Ne : 4 Vea. ¢ Ty ; fe Pete Attn 3 a Wh ee Pp a awh 7 as ween et es # ‘ 4 r v= 5 On ane 5 oes | read P: Fs ya te ne me | = uJ { l i al a7 ve be Ay t' , * ps9 " ' aa, , iw." ‘ Ae é ' Satis " Mis i a Y Bat : - 8 | i al : Ls e tat ; il (4264 2 + = ‘ ., bs ‘, te s i Sa ; * af Aes = ne bef al é , ‘ née Ds a3 {te e. 4 fe , " a d Fe ty at jit. 1 ’ x 5 t a + e oe th - =a a ta ve ‘ ‘ 73 oS 2 iA 58 iy ~ ¥ Ce \ 7 j oe Ry it , md, ee Rake Yiree ' F aT ee P ' eT Se a * SS ’ r i ul ry $44 x : i. ic 7 ~ iN ‘ ° \ > ve, ‘ A. . ' Me s eos ~ : y e. ~J, A ‘ j r ‘s > = Ee a 7 ‘ vie <2 er ae Pa te : Sinks eG | sys a = s be ty wre ala >» = ¢ es a? Bs qe ‘ rt a 7 v ,, rr. : vgt Dae ae tet Te she teil até <7 ac4 : ny Ja ; o | as ra ? 4 : oe a ee : . + ~~ XI aLWid Bass oo e 3 ae ‘pi foe tie 1 ue. ares TA tk 3} BY WA IM SR 8 39V¥dg 1X3N NO O3NNILNOD eye gy TRH SNL athe age) Ah | tee Sosa Hal tas Fiktrged| ve sph plist cae a Aye > M8 4 JES =hos rah | Tt a = Zz ee ee “Es ane os AY Si ya Lote oa a te ees Aa |: | SYiet4 - ee a A —{H, Seven Nar Vex : ay * 4, NS SUL WU annie cet poms oe N = ger ad =e os Po 4 I ‘ — ee ft ea ee 2s aoe y= 28 ae : : Ye TEN OS aSHY3A3Y aa : ee eee SG We I Ey, ity ab Bi Th: paea trae tee > AP 26 Ses ea ns aa = ay re. Y BLY Wee gs 4 4\ sree Wleey Wey Aah oe Tey eat iy) eu Wwesr Se HY a BER EB ye G3NNILNOD = JSHIAGO ZL IX “1OA WhasnW “AINN “and “1AEVvd I 2 44 Was = mInI} 455 | ESS aca JV 0 2S =| rt i Bly a EG Gor —we jon mies) rial 0 A Sea ASN Ul ees fon eA TE by ET y= I> ree ee Ne A) bq Wa ge A | Hit oe) Sy’ Wy 3 anni | Ms HAY tt Hy VB yA A) Wes WA ty St 7 Neh SBA 4 ; Se yA vm 4 Wyn A 4 4 mise BA 4ig4 My eae ace SR ge! Wyo renege) SoA By Bias ye A ae SoS) SA RTE Bay yet \wy ets o es ie eines \ | ae SAGE Io an a ne 74 YO | ss 4 ec 4X. eel} lh RO ly page 4 <4 eo yA er rit | | Sey "he BIS Wa ra) Set ly Se ead 3d | a ry Wy Se ay yg ]oe A SRY —d il ae ripe FY WA) acs Ayr ata | 4 oe GaNNlLNOD =69RSGHIAAZHY xed LWaAd IX “1OA WNasnW ‘AINN “aNd Agave ne See =f ae WAALS O3AO¥LSAQ = 35H3A3H {ya He coe ay an ytd (ey WAY ah) dete YA PIM Sy NE Se oe 1 yes) tee . A SAL WEN) AM Urey WE =H el 7 Wes PASE Yar oY dA ti A O39NILNOD=— QSHRIARY Pa IX “1OA WNasnW “AINN “snd “1AgVva IX 3LW1d | BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE} XI! 9 OBVERSE (4 ed oY ores TAY Bt tay 26 BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XI 1 =) REVERSE psa mes Oe Ee eet HE fad ane ie ae et eA\( ok sore A eet A ee Ba = 5 ra dete y— iS eae BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XIV = REVERSE Cou. 4 aay ae D ie Be ; eee A ect hee f a| ¥<{- Riel PI Psy io tele Bhs oS i i aa a * 7" ms 4 id PLATE XV BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII set 10 OBVERSE (wan aoee Ta P—B—~P~ D— be D— bb —b— Ds — > — bp — — meet it ; tales Py gs IS if ea ee I Next Pace CONTINUED ON Mires art ¥ PLATE XVI ets x(t OB Rees b- b—b— es pp et ; gees i b—p—b— bb bb —b —- pop wales 0 Tae ‘ ae p—bp— p— bb — Pb Pd Dd il Pista SIE ant Dd a, ee a pba a bile aM eee Bud ual mae cee i om 7 ppb bP Dye BESTE Rd et Ce Rr OBVERSE = Continueo --- BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII Cc enBrenin A Koad LF a m3 - Sh nd = po . i by - j \ 7 1A. F "7 7 vy } Ty a4 ' > : ® ‘ « a 2 ‘ : ‘> es — J ra ’ 4 ae) a a ’ ‘i, >. : j “9 4 7 ‘ : ' i Ae Kae iy ae i Pes e * on! -—7 FF. « . fied Se ome », 1 - , oth ’ “7 M i , 7-2 * 5 e > ‘ 14 ‘ - = \ ‘ ' od J ») dal ¢ ii 7) “ Nyt ‘ “ ' L — : * i ‘a » . * = - 1s oars + ? > \ : -* “ ih, BH ba ~* r if ‘ ee ’ ¥ . rs eoph \ j ‘ a1 . 2 . * ‘she , , “f 4 +3, ul i a : ‘ ee a | iS st a t : . _ i . “eg » . { 7 nd | v. : _ > 7 6 i oe ( a « . 7 oe y i ia - ' 3 wre - tr or = - i 5 ’ > s b i \ ? a £ a ‘ + * C4 = ~h Ne A no pa * Ps Mig. . ‘ ; y — ? ts 4 ‘ 2. —5 id © ak AN ; Pa , . . o : a5; ? nt 7 aa — Fe vs = ws om. vs a 7 ies : a ee cee i > PLATE XVII BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XI] 11 | iit e Ae Bid yb Sone Boe EE . ee ae aps ss s ee es area ae SE oe ee L & oe wesc: ae - ae a, = : ; e wo ne jimilt ao ne Juni ines wel >-d—b—p bI—> — b— b—-b—b—b- — pb b> bp | Saeeaaeer ie REVERSE Y es 1H is 5 We Eis ai : ee es 2 ON ly pe SO ee —~ Re ere Ash “UNI , PLATE XVII -BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII ’ ‘fx l2 OBVERSE leat I ROT Ay fel AST Th aT ee Pete TF aay hey ery {. SRE Se eee Be oh Fett AL Tee a Het ye RRS LF Met fe En ee | cae aa casa fF Sl ee ct Helo AA’ 4 $A 2 > Ap 4, VV v, y AN br ES < 2} REVERSE BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XIX 13 OBVERSE KAU AY: eho s ME EGE AM ae r bay Gy f= h BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII is REVERSE Keaesieal ase fm qf— > SMS EA ih 3s 1 AH ea PLATE XX BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XxX\| 14 OBVERSE ag Set toni Pot EEL 2? ae He MH fact te oH a feet na df 3 mss ei et Sey oe te mit CR SEY fat soit se H RK Ay wey > i More ae 7 vy oo Rt. PLATE XxXIl 16 BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII LS OBVERSE REVERSE OBVERSE Cou. 1 4 SS x So WT we re iy son a Pe moter pee Tact of 7 NL |, + ee SS tl kA A LC : 77] URS eNOS a PIRATE ots eee SOP RSOP NY SSeS SIS Bhar Se BARE Sorat =oC bop FEE , ‘ ' = ic Ay > . ¢ =A = r ve ‘ J ¥ fi ' on {- ? ’ * 5 * 2 ~~ $ yo y . 4 S .4 % ie Sees BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL XIl PLATE XXVIII eae OBVERSE ek — eee eae “a, * os “ibs ' 4 A ¥ 4% 5 i BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XI! PLATE XXIX eal REVERSE 7a ani rk pad gaNeX, “beh } b— ih eR: oe “At eRET HT rarsabe Aes mane = real a ee cel sear Khe po rae — ee AP DAY rtf ee aaa she pm Poh, fo bok file Fo a ABS ass =a edt el SH rh pay i rie eet Paley

- FRE MOP ET AY A me RCE | MED poll AIP Pe Hb SEA ati (F p-AY df * ’ 4 y vw te ¥. a Pri i a t ) ‘. | : iy i 7 io Ma ae 7 ie > - i] ’ aan) | re BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XXXII OBVERSE 5 IDE ay ok ¥F IF See ne ¥ nino et. ea \in@esamd a aS a 4 Lae eS A oved BEST SE PE Th pet ter ee es ae . aia ral ey fs ak Ze Gan (sats PE GRETED CRY Gait taticcn 9 SCTE ART ty -. ip ve es VAL AVAL : ey poke Me wee feat SIM TE paket ee Gor dy Mel MX Rey bey eg DEST MY FF es tet] SAO mT rot Pete 4 tif ‘ies SITY HEY bY etey mee A eit Saou gaal Pel ff tet ral Be tee ae iit & PE REP Mey cal me oasiee CONTINUED ON Next Pace BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XXxXIlIl vines OBVERSE Set Ct O- ABH HY ae ne ae at 6-4 ae ag ne . ‘ Sa = eh Ta bey Te TAY oe = rt “AYR Se CS REP peat t- (emia Lratt belt JAE het 44 RE saa yp bzy enasune an loa a "eet b gall sly (Se CoUm mc amc ait = Reveal tA sone ret b-A iF ae ney HEY A ei SEY A PR aed SST ESET 4 FS EE Suet WO @e mye eee BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII _ PLATE XXXIV 25 REVERSE sO +t ee! ts Pa vies os BREE @- ren i 2 aan in Gan tt oe nhs ado 1 L BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XXXVI 26 OBVERSE Sel Af sia Soak FP ES BT TRACT Fhe fh ECAR phd a Me f nica rr ve nea se REE ett: pana. re < irs pres: Ag ce a ae es a en a Se We Be ¥ vik ae ‘ esi ae Sees ore Ae | ans ey ea S fet tS fee : : REVERSE Bree BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XXXVII 27 OBVERSE Pe oe ceed Cire, ese hh ar ee ef Sf YART ps THAT TR A pay AY Qa Gy te AY teat | te ph Sd te ict EIT ASCE Da AY CEL By te Ly reed Son I vwlink EE fies & =n {El eet LAGSUIR Gul fear 8 a eae a Db CSR teeh, be ee he ETDT teADe teat h- batfh ea to SK ft ot REVERSE ee OH fete MAUI fe ET Bef bl et Jai fore ie a ee Sel =a ny bY oA a we : = BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XXXVIII OBVERSE ae ee wa ia a cag. RE atte vei Titel @ ttt eve Sa ; mpi ey deb Ate FW A Ae rT et al teh owe th eM be ee ie eat binay lasat EEE § Ae ioe aaa EO ef vs ase NIELS ote REVERSE / $ * : zat Ga & Z eer — - rea ag eee = ener He a ve fa y% ae ¥ » - . : . ’ - AUIS a se ede ped Bale Se) eH EHEREA WOR = Bl % eetee EH Sd) BM A] teat 3a INS eee TA. ey AMS sb Pha 4 By Re =e : Jee ne Mee Se: a aeaby —— J dl < a 1 pe) 4] BY ED ete dy = HY BE DEES: Ey wy Palay HP ae Fe ve DET HA cS Wy EU DY sa Te aSY3AgO 6¢ XIXXX 3ALVW1d IX “1OA WNasnW “AINN “aNd “ASV = Py a i | Re, BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XL 30 OBVERSE ak S:2 pe rtd as k " on CK | Ae AUT eel et vai tS, HANS eat fede] oS ORE ET Soe AE BADE PPE bol HEY AT te BAY AE Bais ty PCE eG a TT PIE ete eT ed eS REVERSE - arte ATT t He alt a raAl Nek barrel SEY (E ba ee bal b> Ag "Eh ie HE ET ral weet I db- oes ie Tr (A A é AP ati street Vere vee » A CRY et | HEY 8 ep bey tard bebe ey Te HE a PQ GCS ian (ical ee EAE A a pi is hey Pet eile fia if TF fe i HE eit Sa aw ad ee ot Hialqanee PED DEY BST AS dete ah be deen | an be] Sie SIE aT pa he Peel IST. Rep ba ICAL TF ok (t= WHY el et Ser ~~. -* BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XLI Sel OBVERSE ae a nea ve ee > bs! 3 BNE oe) . « az bares . : TS Be = . 4A - . 2 re HEE ie "i aa vans Hh Ce FE df ee er ee “ae Btcats ne PHU BE al Th Arcee REVERSE ce gewd Cor cerning LO AL Dw OWE = _ BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. X!! PLATE XLIl | S2 OBVERSE pi ba stay MARS teh tee BD GIT af af Be e581 eo Dat poet a i ATF i Aa tT 7 > te tq BAS AE nt DEE vee raat ob tel dt Ree bg a fehel ete or Lote akete] pu b- 7 eel te tie oT ee abe a iF asl a aoe BE anu! ie ae lee Bening a ue an tre A ORE 4 oe eet eer me WET pent ty: ky = A hte Waste PR BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XLIII So ; OBVERSE (EAT aa haat ST ane : Nae MRE beet f- I Ge wel | eS eT er mer tL ral Me ee tee tel A A EET DES ‘ Tada baie P- Sot AEE BT ae Bc ie t- arn aa sie reel terete "Good , el ee arte £8 EE Z AG rag fe ee, JAP TE ERR. cyek FEAL oo trebir; > tebe OR te tastes a y, Aa Saf nate kr van he wey Ree a ie a cele i Piet a yet GL WE pT ENCE beat pals, ale al ase ch Ate Gtr th baer GT ey ne mT MET sila ann My boboek pe = ng ye Fr ET AE 4 M4 ratort wae a eg rR fhe epi i] Me r a eR ap et agin ; Splts “eh A Gi eal ance : a7 AP, or sve > JH SUIT) Se =) Tae TRY TY, MAY Ey aT LW $A ala ree Wheel ke 1A we al tL ies he Swen lbh ees. FX Patria wlee REVERSE ' 3 -s7 P its ag ay ace ee 4 + desl 4 ; . al ia eh i i- bys 4 ’ } - ‘@ pr ie ‘ae ae, a) oh E 7" RN ee ee ae ee ea ee —_— cen et ren i Ta : me: war a. nie." da et ‘ are a — . a pie aca eta spree tne ) : BABYL. PUB, UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII PLATE XLIV 38 | Eh ne SA eo Aly ee ea eal are S: io vat ae CES lf ecaesieas ‘il ae aaizi=l fF at &. ora te PPA carne lie Be dHhEt EtG pe: ; me ey 4 te od ee RR EDT tm stint ety nL ba De re Le oa Geri fe EL Ne) re wy ro PET ET A ret TF os at i Pe race Gales ree | tae fete. ty oe EET fet UT. ae Te me i ef HESS Neb Ory a pareae SO cSt ee Cail = TT « ed BEM AIRS SETA. oe MME ares aoe tae WEL ST SL tet BX Eo: ait ames nel EME Det taht BS tel ie sey 83 i ph ye = x a rh Ae ob it Wel ae rE EG aie ae Wrst MAUERUET 4A re est = “Beh Neb Me bt yaa Goa | ie os aud fot: L ooh Aa von es het eal EY me El t= enna ee net dob HE ETE I Fah tale he hee WL AP FE eet RATER oa a And vag i WA THe eT inepn IL eb rep ER EL 2 FE oe cae oneae 8 rs AED | Se AB RGA oon At ah eee eee aie BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII ee REVERSE UNINSCRIBED Mey AT Me AB (b A pi pat BS oa ARE MAY AS EA ok TBH Mae CET ist Ae rel Fab AH FIRTH ey Ad BP rae wan Er WINE LANE PAAR Set b> EL A en (a ee | bat WO M4 A ey a OSETIA RY SM TE AL Mepay os AA wed A pd < < sat ay PLATE XLVI ee | acmacn HR PASI 1 rk fe rhe ey Mey PP Py i mae ted nis ' Fes 2. he L - j 5 4 : / ' 6° R= . ' ; ‘ . ~ if ' a dL ~ be fone BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. XII 43 TS ST yw 14) ER wee el west ol Fact SRT de tei st el 44 bere AY OE AY BRAT (ky We Mo Aev2rsh 45 OBVERSE REVERSE b> pt f. ft yf Of eid fF «& Wet ft - reer FEY rk HY & ~ HE eee _ / 1 BY Be eA re PLATE XLVII 46 OBVERSE bye ‘ vA Ge MLe Ete EA 4.027 OG Lee ' La CO A ‘4 a Saeed fa ok ace aif hits COUNT tik Phe Cay } pe: Ley peta eh , ft OUR fF tehe , v ‘ moe. 3 st ne i Whe, aie / ‘ f f Tie eae Ps Lf om / x / y, i, Z , aa, 7 Leah ta f LS SAS en Le il SUM GR ANT tee oto: f Wi LIBR: ae a tes fy TROY del 8 ih an aR EP ALAA ia Ws De A, te gal: TF bat ae Pea ne et ie WV NAG ML era SSE HSPN LAL RN VEL Wee 7 awe OAS Zo ed Wit Th EY fs te Mey et TEE eT ee a 7 eat ig rtiLy Ney em ed et “eel e Aca telat WY, [- (NL F hig ‘ 7 oe es 4 we: y 7 ‘ C Aere * a + -€ = ue Thi : Ja be usb an s Te Fa x « ° Ae a 4 es 7 aor ds a iA -¥ Pe tt ) “i i |i ‘ ; As tt et eainte | : + . FS a} ' ; 3) £ t & = 4t ‘ . Mig ia ) e ai ra) ; ¢ nde 7 ; i ere =" f ran ot ¥ a es 4 ? 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