3 od Bed = 7 — Sp 
 
 Theological Seminary, i 
 
 PRINCETON, N. J. 
 
 Br Tp Sep gy pig peetion 
 Flavel, John, 16307-1691. 
 Divine conduct or, The 
 mystery of providence 
 
 mt \o =——.* 
 
DIVINE CONDUCT; 
 
 OR, THE 
 
 MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE: 
 
 WHEREIN 
 
 i 
 hah m 
 
 THE BEING AND EFFICACY OF PROVIDENCE ARE ASSERTED AND VINDI- 
 CATED; THE METHODS OF PROVIDENCE, AS 1T PASSES THROUGH THE 
 SEVERAL STAGES OF OUR LIVES, OPENED; AND THE PROPER COURSE 
 OF IMPROVING ALL PROVIDENCES POINTED OUT. 
 
 o 
 REV TOWN EUAVET: 
 
 BY THE .“ 
 
 A. D. 1677. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA : 
 PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION. 
 
 JAMES RUSSELL, PUBLISHING AGENT. 
 
 1840. 
 
my 
 
 - sper gs J 
 
 7 ‘ | 
 ig iM , 
 i PHILADELPHIA. 
 jh WILLIAM S. MARTIEN, PRINTER. 
 ‘ nN 
 
we) 
 
 TO 
 THE INGENUOUS READERS; 
 
 THOSE ESPECIALLY WHO ARE THE HEEDFUL OBSERVERS OF 
 THE WAYS OF PROVIDENCE. 
 
 % 
 
 Reaper: 
 _ There are two ways whereby the blessed God 
 
 condescends to manifest himself to men—his word 
 and his works. Of the written word, we must say, 
 No words like these were ever written since the 
 beginning of time, which can, as one speaks, take 
 life and root in the soul; yea, doth it as really as 
 the seed doth in the ground, and are fitted to be 
 engrafted and naturalized there, so as no coalition 
 in nature can be more real than this, James 1. 21. 
 This is the most transcendent and glorious medium 
 of manifestation: God hath magnified his word 
 above all his name, Psal. exxxviil. 2. 
 
 However, the manifestations of God by his 
 works, whether of creation or providence, have 
 their value and glory ; but the prime glory and ex- 
 cellency of his providential works consist in this, 
 that they are the very fulfillings and real accom- 
 plishments of his written word. By a wise and 
 heedful attendance hereunto, we might learn the 
 excellent art of clearing the mysterious occurrences 
 of Providence, by reducing them to the written 
 word, and there lodge them as effects in their pro- 
 
4 TO THE READER. 
 
 per causes. And, doubtless, this is one of the rarest 
 efforts men could use against atheism, to show, not 
 only how providences coneur in a most obvious 
 tendency to confirm this great conclusion, ‘** Thy 
 word is truth;’’ but how it sometimes extorts also 
 the confession of a God, and the truth of his 
 word, from those very tongues which have boldly 
 denied it. 
 
 Alschylus, the Persian, relating their discom- 
 fiture by the Grecian army, makes this notable ob- 
 servation: ‘* When the Grecian forces hotly pur- 
 sued us,’’ saith he, ‘*and we must needs venture 
 over the great water Strymon, then frozen, but be- 
 ginning to thaw; when a hundred to one we had 
 all died for it, with mine eyes [ then saw many of 
 those gallants whom I had heard before maintain, 
 there was no God, every one upon their knees, 
 with eyes and hands lifted up, begging hard for 
 help and mercy, and entreating that the ice might 
 hold until they got over.” 
 
 Many thousand seals hath providence forced the 
 very enemies of God to set to his truth, which great- 
 ly tends to our confirmation therein ; but especially 
 to see how the word and providences of God do en- 
 lighten each other, and how the Scriptures contain 
 all those events, both great and small, which are 
 disposed by providence in their seasons, and how, 
 not only the promises of the word are in the gene- 
 ral faithfully fulfilled to the church, in all her exi- 
 gencies and distresses, but, in particular, to every 
 member of it; they being all furnished by Provi- 
 dence with multitudes of experiences to this use 
 and end. Oh how useful are such observations! 
 
 _ And as the profit and use, so the delight and 
 pleasure resulting from the observation of Provi- 
 
 dence, are exceedingly great, and it will doubtless 
 
TO THE READER. 5 
 
 be a part of our entertainment in heaven, to view, 
 with transporting delight,-how the designs and 
 methods were laid to bring us thither; and what 
 will be a part of our blessedness in heaven, may 
 be well allowed to be a prime ingredient in our 
 heaven upon earth. To search for pleasure among 
 the due observations of Providence, is to search 
 for water in the ocean; for Providence does not 
 only ultimately design to bring you to heaven, 
 but as intermediate thereunto, to bring, by this 
 means, much of heaven into your souls in the way 
 thither. 
 
 How great a pleasure is it to discern how the 
 most wise God is providentially steering all to the 
 port of his own praise and his people’s happiness, 
 whilst the whole world is busily employed in 
 managing the sails, and tugging at the oars, with 
 quite an opposite design and purpose! To see 
 how they promote his design by opposing it, and 
 fulfil his will by resisting it, enlarge his church by 
 scattering it, and make their rest come the more 
 sweet to their souls, by making their condition so 
 restless in the world. ‘This is pleasant to observe 
 in general: but to record and note its particular 
 designs upon ourselves, with what profound wis- 
 dom, infinite tenderness, and incessant vigilance ‘it 
 hath managed all that concerns us from first to last, 
 is ravishing and transporting. 
 
 Oh what a history might we compile of our own 
 experiences, whilst, witha melting heart, we trace 
 the footsteps of Providence all along the way it 
 hath led us to this day; and set our remarks upon 
 its more eminent performances for us, in the seve- 
 ral stages of our lives ! 
 
 Here it prevented, and there it delivered; here 
 
 it directed, and there it corrected; in this it griev- 
 
 ee 
 
6 TO THE READER. 
 
 ed, and in that it relieved. Here was the poison, 
 and there the antidote. This providence raised a 
 dismal cloud, and that dispelled it again; this 
 straitened, and that enlarged; here a want, and 
 there a supply; this relation withered, and that 
 springing up in its room. Words cannot express 
 the high delights and gratifications a gracious heart 
 may find in such employment as this. 
 
 Oh what a world of rarities are to be found in 
 Providence! ‘The blind, heedless world makes 
 nothing of them: they cannot find one sweet bit, 
 where a gracious soul would make a rich feast. 
 Plutarch relates very exactly how Timoleon was 
 miraculously delivered from ihe conspiracy of two 
 murderers, by their meeting in the very nick of 
 time a certain person, who, to revenge the death 
 of his father, killed one of them, just as they were 
 ready to give ‘Timoleon the fatal blow, though he 
 knew- nothing of the business, and so Timoleon 
 escaped the danger. And what did this wonder- 
 ful work of Providence, think you, yield the re- 
 later? Why, though. he was one of the most 
 learned and ingenious among the heathen sages, 
 yet all he made of it was only this, ‘The specta- 
 tor,” ‘says he, ‘wondered greatly at the artifice 
 and contrivance which fortune uses.”’ This is all 
 he could see in it. Had a spiritual and wise Chris- 
 tian had the dissecting and anatomizing of such a 
 work of Providence, what glory would it have 
 yielded to God! what comfort and encouragement 
 to the soul! ‘The bee makes a sweeter meal upon 
 one single flower, than the ox doth upon the 
 whole meadow, where thousands of them grow. 
 
 O reader! if thy heart be spiritual, and well 
 stocked with experience; if thou hast recorded the 
 ways of Providence towards thee, and wilt but 
 
TO THE READER. arg 
 
 allow thyself time to reflect upon them; what a 
 life of pleasure mayest thou live! What a heaven 
 upon earth doth this way lead thee into! I will not 
 here tell thee what I have met with in this path, 
 lest it should seem.to savour of too much vanity. 
 There are some delights and enjoyments in the 
 Christian life, which are, and must be confined to 
 the heart of the individual. But try it thyself, taste 
 and see, and thou wilt need no other inducement; 
 thine own experience will be the most powerful 
 oratory to persuade thee to. the study and search 
 of Providence. 
 
 Histories are usually read with delight: when 
 once the fancy is caught, a man knows not how to 
 disengage himself from it. Iam greatly mistaken, 
 if the history of our own lives, if it were well 
 drawn up, and distinctly perused, would not be the 
 pleasantest history that ever we read in our lives. 
 
 The ensuing treatise is an essay to that purpose, 
 in which thou wilt find some remarks set upon 
 Providence in its passage through the several stages 
 of our life. But, reader, thou only art able to 
 compile the history of Providence for thyself, be- 
 cause the memorials that furnish it are only in thine 
 own hands. However, here thou mayest find a 
 pattern and general rules to direct thee in that great 
 and difficult work, which is the very end and de- 
 sign of this manual. 
 
 I have not had much regard to the dress and or- 
 nament in which this discourse Is to go abroad, for 
 I am debtor both to the strong and weak, the wise 
 and foolish; and, in all my observation, I have not 
 found that ever God hath made much use of la- 
 boured periods, rhetorical flowers, and elegancies 
 to improve the power of religion in the world. 
 Yea, I have observed how Providence hath some- 
 
8 TO THE READER. 
 
 times rebuked good men, when, upon other sub- 
 jects, they have too much affected those pedantic 
 fooleries, in withdrawing from them its usual aids, 
 and exposing them to shame ; and much more may 
 it do so, when itself is the subject. 
 
 Reader, if thy stomach be nice and squeamish, 
 and nothing will relish with thee, but what is 
 spruce and elegant, there are stores of such com- 
 positions in the world, upon which thou mayest 
 even surfeit thy curious fancy; meantime there 
 will be found some that will bless God for what 
 thou despisest, and make many a sweet meal upon 
 what thou loathest. 
 
 I will add no more, but my hearty prayers, that. 
 Providence will direct this treatise to such hands, 
 in such seasons, and so bless and prosper its de- 
 sign, that God may have glory, thou mayest have 
 benefit, and myself comfort in the success thereof, 
 who am, 
 
 Thine and the church’s servant, 
 In the hand of Providence, 
 
 JOHN FLAVEL. 
 
; DIVINE CONDUCT; 
 
 OR 
 
 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 
 
 I will cry unto God Most High: unto God that performeth 
 all things for me.——Psaum lvii. 2. 
 
 Tue greatness of God is a glorious and unsearch- 
 able mystery. ‘*'The Lord most high is terrible; 
 he is a great King over all the earth,”’ Psal. xlvii. 2. 
 The condescension of the most high God to men 
 is also a profound mystery. ‘*’Though the Lord 
 be high, yet hath he respect unto the lowly,” 
 Psal. cxxxviil. 6. But when both these meet to- 
 gether, as they do in this Scripture, they make up 
 a matchless mystery. Here we find the most high 
 God performing all things for a poor distressed 
 creature. It is the great support and solace of the 
 saints in all the distresses that befall them here, 
 that there is a wise Spirit sitting in all the wheels 
 of motion, and governing the most eccentric crea- 
 tures, and their most pernicious designs, to blessed 
 and happy issues. And, indeed, it were not worth 
 while to live in a Ryo devoid of God and pro- 
 vidence. 
 
 How deeply we are concerned in this matter, 
 
 2 
 
10 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 will appear by that eye instance which this psalm 
 presents us with. 
 
 It was composed, as ‘the title notes, by David, 
 prayer-wise, when he hid himself from Saul in the 
 cave; and is inscribed with a double title, 
 taschith, Michtam of David. 4 taschith refers 
 to the scope, and /Wichtam to the dignity of the 
 subject-matter. 
 
 The former signifies destroy not, or, let there be 
 no slaughter, and may either refer to Saul, con- 
 cerning whom he gave charge to his servants not 
 to destroy him; or rather, it hath reference to God, 
 to whom, in this great exigence, he poured out his 
 soul in this pathetical ejaculation, ‘* £l taschith, 
 Destroy not!” 
 
 The latter title, Wichtam, signifies a golden or- 
 nament, and so is suited to the choice and excellent 
 matter of the psalm, which much more deserves 
 such a title, than Pythagoras’s golden verses did. 
 
 "Three things are remarkable in the former part 
 of the psalm, namely: 1. His extreme danger. 
 2. His earnest address to God in that extremity. 
 3. The arguments he pleads with God in that 
 -address. 
 
 1. His. extreme danger, expressed both in the 
 title and body of the psalm. The title tells us, 
 this psalm was composed by him, when he hid 
 himself from Saul, in the cave. ‘This cave was in 
 ‘the wilderness of Engedi, among the broken rocks, 
 where the wild-goats inhabited, an obscure and de- 
 solate hole; yet, even thither the envy of Saul 
 pursued him, 1 Sam. xxiv. 1,2. And now he, 
 that had been so long hunted as a partridge upon 
 the mountains, seems to be inclosed in the net; 
 for the place was begirt with his enemies, and 
 having, in this place, no outlet another way, and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. ll 
 
 Saul himself entering into the mouth of this cave, 
 in the sides and creeks whereof he and his men’ 
 lay hid, and saw him, judge to how great an ex- 
 tremity, and to what a desperate state things were 
 now brought; well might he say, as it is, ver. 4. 
 ‘‘ My soul is among lions, and I lie even among 
 them that are set on fire.’”? What hope now re- 
 mained? what but immediate destruction could be 
 expected ? 
 
 2. Yet this frights him not out of his faith and 
 duty, but betwixt the jaws of death he prays, and 
 earnestly addresses himself to God for mercy: 
 ‘¢ Be merciful unto me, O God, be merciful unto 
 me,’’ ver.1. This excellent psalm was composed 
 by him when there was enough to discompose the 
 best man in the world. ‘The repetition denotes 
 both the extremity of the danger, and the ardency 
 of the supplicant. Mercy, mercy! nothing but 
 mercy, and that. exerting itself in an extraordinary 
 way, can now save him from ruin. 
 
 3. ‘The arguments he pleads for obtaining mercy, 
 in this distress, are very considerable. 
 
 (1.) He pleads his reliance upon God as an ar- 
 gument to move mercy; ‘‘ Be merciful unto me, 
 O God, be merciful unto me; for my soul trusteth 
 in thee; yea, in the shadow of thy wings will I 
 make my refuge until these calamities be over- 
 past,’ ver. 1. This, his trust and dependence on 
 God, though it be not argumentative in respect of 
 the dignity of the act, yet it is so in respect both 
 of the nature of the object, a compassionate God, 
 who will not expose any that take shelter under 
 his wings, and in respect of the promise, whereby 
 protection is assured to them that fly to bim for 
 sanctuary; ‘Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, 
 whose mind is stayed on thee, because he trusteth 
 
fr 
 
 1D DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 in thee,” Isa. xxvi. 3. Thus he encourages him- 
 self from the consideration of that God to whom 
 he betakes himself. . 
 
 (2.) He pleads former experiences of his help, 
 in past distresses, as an argument, encouraging 
 hope under the present strait. ‘*I will cry unto 
 God most high: unto God that performeth all 
 things for me,” ver. 2. In which words, I shall 
 consider two things, 1. The duty resolved upon. 
 2. The encouragement to thatresolution. 1. The 
 duty resolved upon: ‘*I will ery unto God.” 
 Crying unto God is an expression that doth not 
 only denote prayer, but intense and fervent prayer. 
 To cry, is to pray in a holy passion; and such 
 are usually speeding prayers, Psal. xviii. 6, and Heb. 
 v.7. 2. The encouragements to this resolution ; 
 and these are two-fold. (1.) Objective, taken from 
 the sovereignty of God. (2.) Subjective, taken 
 from the experience he had of his providence. 
 (1.) The sovereignty of God: ‘I will cry unto 
 God most high.”” Upon this he acts his faith in 
 extremity of danger. Saul is high, but God the 
 most high; and, without his permission, he is 
 assured Saul cannot touch him. He had none to 
 help; and if he had, he knew God must first help 
 the helpers, or they cannot help him, He had no 
 means of defence or escape before him, but the 
 Most High is not limited by means. ‘This is a 
 singular prop to faith, Psal. lix. 9. (2.) The ex- 
 perience of his providence hitherto: ‘* Unto God 
 that performeth all things for me.” ‘The word 
 which we translate performeth, comes from a root, 
 that signifies both to perfect, and to desist, or cease. 
 For when a business is performed and perfected, 
 the agent then ceases and desists from working; 
 he puts to the last hand, when he finishes the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 13 
 
 work, To such a happy issue the Lord hath 
 brought all his doubtful and difficult matters be-, 
 fore; and this gives him encouragement, that he 
 will still be gracious, and perfect that which con- 
 cerneth him now, as he speaks: ‘** The Lord will 
 perfect that which concerneth me,” Psal. cxxxviii. 
 8. The septuagint renders it, ‘* who profiteth, or 
 benefiteth me.’’ And it is a certain truth, that all 
 the results and issues of Providence are profitable 
 and beneficial to the saints. But the supplement 
 in our translation well receives: the importance of 
 the place, ** who performeth all things,” and in- 
 volves the most strict and proper notion of Provi- 
 dence, which is nothing else but the performance 
 of God’s gracious purposes and promises to his 
 people. And therefore’ Vatablus and Muis sup- 
 ply and fill up the room, which the conciseness of 
 the original leaves, thus, “I will ery unto God 
 most high: unto God that performeth the things 
 which he hath promised.’? Payment is the per- 
 formance of promises. Grace makes the promise, 
 and providence the payment. 
 
 Piscator fills it with, ‘* Unto God that perform- 
 eth his kindness and mercy.’’ But still it supposes 
 the merey performed to be contained in the pro- 
 mise. Mercy is sweet in the promise, and much 
 more so in the providential performance of it to us. 
 
 Castalio’s supplement comes nearer to ours: ‘I 
 will ery unto God most high, unto Bos the trans- 
 actor of my affairs.” 
 
 But our English, making out the sense by a 
 universal particle, is most fully agreeable to the 
 scope of the text. For it cannot but be a great 
 encouragement to his faith, that God hath trans- 
 acted all things, or performed all things for him ; 
 this Providence, that never failed him in any of 
 
14 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 the straits that ever he met with, (and his life was 
 a life of many straits,) he might well hope it 
 would not now fail him, though this were an ex- 
 traordinary and matchless one. 
 
 Bring we, then, our thoughts a little closer to 
 this Scripture, and it will give us a fair and lovely 
 prospect of Providence. | 
 
 In its 1. Universal, 2. Effectual, 3. Beneficial, 
 4, Encouraging influences upon the affairs and 
 concerns of the saints. 
 
 (1.) The expression imports the universal inte- 
 rest and influence of Providence in and upon all 
 the concerns and interests of the saints. It hath 
 not only its hand in this or that, but in all that 
 concerns them. It hath its eye upon every thing 
 that relates to them throughout their lives, from 
 first to last. Not only great and more important, 
 but the most minute and ordinary affairs of our 
 lives are transacted and managed by it. It touches 
 all things that touch us, whether more nearly or 
 remotely. 
 
 (2.) It displays the efficacy of providential in- 
 fluences. Providence doth not only undertake, 
 but performs and perfects what concerns us. It 
 goes through with its designs, and accomplishes 
 what it begins. No difficulty so clogs it, no cross 
 accident so falls in its way, but it carries its design 
 through it. Its motions are irresistible and uncon- 
 trollable ; he performs it for us. 
 
 (3.) And, which is sweet to consider, all its 
 products and issues are exceedingly beneficial to 
 the saints. It performs all things for them. It is 
 true, we often prejudice its works, and unjustly 
 censure its designs, and, under many of our straits 
 and troubles, we say, ‘‘ All these things are against 
 us.”’? But indeed Providence neither doth nor can 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 1 6% 
 
 do any thing that is really against the true interest 
 and good of the saints. For what are the works of 
 Providence but the execution of God’s decree, and 
 the fulfilling of his word? and there can be no 
 more in Providence than is in them. Now there 
 is nothing but good to the saints in God’s purpo- ~ 
 ses and promises; and, therefore, whatever Pro- 
 vidence doth in their concerns, it must be, as the 
 text speaks, ‘*’ The performance of all things for 
 them.’’. , 
 
 (4.) And if so, how cheering, supporting, and 
 
 encouraging must the consideration of these things ~/ 
 
 be in a day of distress and trouble! What life and 
 hope will it inspire our hearts and prayers with, 
 when great pressures lie upon us! I[t had such a 
 cheering influence upon the psalmist at this time, 
 when the state of his affairs was, to the eye of 
 sense and reason, forlorn and desperate; there was 
 then but a hair’s breadth, as we say, betwixt him 
 and ruin. 
 
 A potent, enraged, and implacable enemy had 
 driven him into the hole of arock, and was come 
 after him into that hole; yet now, whilst ‘his soul 
 is among lions,” whilst he lies in a cranny of the 
 rock, expecting every moment to be drawn out to 
 death, the reflections he had upon the gracious per- 
 formances of the Most High for him, from the be- 
 ginning to that moment, supported his soul, and 
 inspired hope and life into his prayers: « I will 
 ery unto God most high: unto God that perform- 
 eth all things for me.” 
 
 The amount of all, you have in this doctrinal 
 conclusion : 
 
 That it is the duty of the saints, especially in 
 times of straits, to reflect upon the performances 
 
16 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 of Providence for them, in all the states, and 
 through all the stages of their lives. 
 
 The church, in all the works of mercy, owns the 
 hand of God: ‘Lord, thou hast wrought all our 
 works in’’ or for ‘‘us,’? Isa. xxvi. 12. And still 
 it hath been the pious and constant practice of the 
 saints, in all generations, to preserve the memory 
 
 of the more famous and remarkable providences 
 that have befallen them in their times, as a pre- 
 cious treasure. If thou be a Christian indeed, I 
 know thou hast, if not in thy book, yet certainly 
 in thy heart, a great many precious favours upon 
 record; the very remembrance and rehearsal of 
 them is sweet; how much more sweet was the 
 actual enjoyment! ‘Thus Moses, by Divine direc- 
 tion, wrote a memorial of that victory obtained 
 over Amalek, as the fruit and return of prayer, 
 and built there an altar, with this inscription, 
 Jehovah-Nissi, **'The Lord my banner,” Exod. 
 xvii. 14,15. ‘Thus Mordecai and Esther took all 
 care to perpetuate the memory of that signal deli- 
 verance from the plot of Haman, by ordaining the 
 feast of Purim, as an anniversary throughout eve- 
 ry generation, every family, every province, and 
 every city, that those days of Purim should not 
 fail from among the Jews, nor the memorial of 
 them perish from their seed, Esther ix. 28. For 
 this end you find psalms indited, ‘*'To bring to 
 remembrance,’ Psal. lxx. the title; parents giving 
 suitable names to their children, that every time 
 they looked upon them they might refresh the 
 memory of God’s mercies, 1 Sam. i. 20; the very 
 places, where eminent providences have appeared, 
 new named upon no other design but to perpetuate 
 the memorial of those sweet providences which so 
 
 ~ 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 17 
 
 refreshed them there: thence Bethel took its name, 
 Gen. xxviil. 19; and that well of water where 
 Hagar was seasonably refreshed by the angel in 
 her distress, Beer-lahai-roi, ‘* the well of him that 
 liveth and looketh on me,’ Gen. xvi. 14. Yea, 
 the saints have given, and God hath assumed to 
 himself, new titles upon this very score and ac- 
 count: Abraham’s Jehovah-jireh, The Lord will 
 provide, and Gideon’s Jehovah-shallum, The Lord 
 send peace, were ascribed to him upon this reason. 
 And sometimes you find the Lord styles himself, 
 The God that brought Abraham from Ur of the 
 Chaldees; then The Lord God that brought them 
 out of Egypt; then The Lord that gathered them 
 out of the north country ; still minding them of 
 the gracious providences which in all those places 
 he had wrought for them. 
 
 Now there is a twofold reflection upon the pro- 
 vidential works of God. 1. One entire and full, 
 in the whole complex and perfect frame thereof. 
 This blessed sight is reserved for the perfect state.* 
 It is in that mount of God where we shall see both 
 the wilderness and Canaan; the glorious kingdom 
 into which we are to come, and the way through 
 which we were led into it. There the saints shall 
 have a ravishing view of that beautiful frame; and 
 every part shall be distinctly discerned, as if it had 
 its particular use, and as it was connected with the 
 other parts, and how effectually and orderly they 
 
 * When the records of eternity shall be exposed to view ; 
 all the counsels and results of the profound wisdom looked 
 into, how will it transport! when it shall be discerned, Lo! 
 thus were the designs laid! here were the apt junctures 
 and admirable dependencies of things, which, when acted 
 upon the stage of time, seemed so perplexed and intricate. 
 Howe’s Blessedness, p. 76. 
 
18 DIVINE. CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 all wrought to bring about that blessed design of 
 their salvation, according to the promise, * And 
 we know that all things work together for good to 
 them that love God,” &c. Rom. viii. 28. For it 
 is certain that no ship at sea keeps more exactly 
 by the compass which directs its course, than Pro- 
 vidence doth by that promise which is its pole-star. 
 2. The other, partial and imperfect in the way to 
 glory, where we only view it in its simple acts, 
 or, at most, in some branches and more observa- 
 ble course of actions. 
 
 Betwixt these two is the same difference as be- 
 twixt the sight of the disjointed wheels and scat- 
 tered pins of a watch, and the sight of the whole, 
 united in one frame, and working in one orderly 
 motion; or betwixt an ignorant spectator’s view- 
 ing some more observable vessel or joint of a dis- 
 sected body, and the accurate anatomist’s discern- 
 ing the course of all the veins and arteries of the 
 body, as he follows the several branches of them 
 through the whole, and plainly sees the proper 
 places, figure, and use of each, with their mutual 
 respect to one another. 
 
 Oh how ravishing and delightful a sight is that! 
 to. behold at one view the whole design of Provi- 
 dence, and the proper place and use of every sin- 
 gle act which we could not understand in this 
 world! For, what Christ said to Peter, John xiii. 
 7, 1s as applicable to some providences in which 
 we are now concerned, as it was to that particular 
 action: ‘* What I do thou knowest not now, but 
 thou shalt know hereafter.”’ All the dark, intri- 
 cate, puzzling providences, at which we were 
 sometimes so stumbled, and sometimes amazed, 
 which we could neither reconcile with the promise 
 nor with each other; nay, which we so unjustly 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 19 
 
 censured and bitterly bewailed, as if they had fallen 
 out quite cross to our happiness, we shall then see 
 to be unto us, as the difficult passage through the 
 wilderness was unto Israel, ‘ The right way to a 
 city of habitation,” Psal. evil. 7. © 
 
 And yet, though our present views and reflec- 
 tions upon Providence be so short and imperfect, 
 in comparison with that in heaven, yet such as it 
 is, under all its present disadvantages, it hath so 
 much excellency and sweetness in it, that I may 
 call it a little heaven, or, as Jacob called his Bethel, 
 The gate of heaven. It is certainly a highway of 
 walking with God in this world, and as sweet 
 communion may a soul enjoy with him in his pro- 
 vidences as in any of his ordinances. How often 
 have the hearts of its observers been melted into 
 tears of joy at the beholding of its wise and unex- 
 pected productions! How often hath it convinced 
 them, upon a sober recollection of the events of 
 their lives, that if the Lord had left them to their 
 own counsels, they had as often been their own 
 tormentors, if not executioners! into what and how 
 many fatal mischiefs had they precipitated them- 
 selves, if Providence had been as short-sighted as 
 they. They have given it their hearty thanks for 
 considering their interest more than their impor- 
 tunity, and not suffering them to perish by their 
 own desires. 
 
 The benefits of adverting to the works of Provi- 
 dence are manifold and unspeakable, as, in its 
 place, we shall show you. But not to entangle 
 the thread of the discourse, I shall cast it into this 
 method: | 
 
 First. I shall prove that the concerns of the 
 saints, in this world, are certainly conducted by 
 the wisdom and care of special Providence. 
 
20 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 Second. I will show you in what particular 
 concerns of theirs this providential care is evident- 
 ly discovered. 
 
 Third. That it is the duty of saints to advert 
 to, and carefully observe these performances of 
 Providence for them in all their concernments. 
 
 Fourth, In what manner this duty is to be per- 
 formed by them. ! 
 
 Fifth. What singular benefits result to them 
 from such observations; and then apply the whole 
 in such uses as offer themselves from the point. 
 
 THE FIRST GENERAL HEAD. 
 
 First. I shall undertake the proof and defence 
 of this great truth: ‘+ That the affairs of the saints 
 in this world are certainly conducted by the wis- 
 dom and care of special Providence.”’ 
 
 And herein J.address myself with cheerfulness ° 
 to perform, as well as I am able, a service for that 
 Providence, which hath, throughout my life, ‘ per- 
 formed all things for me,”’ as the text speaks. 
 
 There is a twofold consideration of Providence, 
 according to its twofold object and manner of dis- 
 pensation: the one is general, exercised about all 
 creatures, rational and irrational, animate and in- 
 animate; the other special and peculiar. Christ 
 hath a universal empire over all things, Ephes. i. 
 22, the head of the whole world, by way of do- 
 * minion; but a head to the Church, by way of 
 union and special influence, John xvii. 2. “The 
 Saviour of all men, but especially of them that be- 
 lieve,” 1 Tim. iv. 10. ‘The Church is his special 
 care and charge; he rules the world for her good, 
 as a head consulting the welfare of the body. 
 
 Heathens generally deny providence; and no 
 wonder, since they denied a God: for the same 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. A | 
 
 arguments that prove one, will prove the other. 
 Aristotle, the prince of heathen philosophers, could 
 not, by the utmost search of reason, find out the 
 world’s origin, and therefore concludes, it was 
 from eternity. ‘he Epicureans did, in a sort, 
 acknowledge a God, but yet denied a providence, 
 and wholly excluded him from any interest or con- 
 cern in the affairs of the world, as being incon- 
 sistent with the felicity and tranquillity of the 
 Divine Being, to be diverted and cumbered with 
 the care and labour of government. ‘This-asser- 
 tion is so repugnant to reason, that it is a wonder 
 they themselves blushed not at its absurdity ; but 
 I guess at the design, and one of them speaks it 
 out in broad language.- ‘They foresaw that the 
 concession of a providence would impose an eter- 
 nal yoke upon their necks, by making them ac- 
 countable to a higher tribunal for all they did; and 
 that they must necessarily pass the time of their 
 sojourning here in fear, whilst all their thoughts, 
 words, and ways, were strictly noted and record- 
 ed, in order to an account, by an all-seeing and 
 righteous God; and therefore they laboured to 
 persuade themselves that was not, which they had 
 no mind should be. But these atheistical and 
 foolish conceits fall flat before the undeniable evi- 
 dence of so great and clear a truth. 
 
 Now my business here is not so much to deal 
 with professed atheists, who deny the existence of 
 God, and consequently deride all evidences brought 
 from Scripture, of the extraordinary events that fall 
 out in favour of that people who are called his; but 
 rather to convince those who professedly own all 
 this, yet, never having tasted religion by experi- 
 ence, suspect, at least, that all these things which 
 we call special providences to the saints, are but 
 
99 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 natural events, or mere contingencies; and thus, 
 whilst they profess to own a God and a provi- 
 dence, (which profession is but the effect of their 
 education,) they do, in the mean time, live like 
 atheists, and both think and act as if there were no 
 such things; and really I fear this is the case of 
 the far greatest part of men of this generation. 
 But if it were indeed so, that the affairs of the 
 world, in general, and more especially those of the 
 saints, were not conducted by divine Providence, 
 but, as they would persuade us, by the steady 
 course of natural causes ;. besides which, if at any 
 time we observe an event to fall out, it is merely 
 easual and contingent, or that which proceeds 
 from some hidden and’ secret cause in nature; if 
 this indeed were so, let those who are tempted to 
 believe it, rationally satisfy the following demands: 
 First demand. How comes it to pass that so 
 many signal mercies and deliverances. have be- 
 fallen- the people of God, above the power and 
 against the course of natural causes; to make way 
 for which, there hath been a sensible suspension 
 and stop put to the course of nature? It is most 
 evident that no natural effect can exceed the power 
 of its natural cause. Nothing can give to another 
 more than it hath in itself; and it is as clear, that 
 whatsoever acts naturally, acts necessarily. Fire 
 burns to the utmost of its power; waters overflow 
 and drown all that they can. Lions, and ether 
 rapacious and cruel beasts, tear and devour their 
 prey, especially when hungry ; and as to arbitrary 
 and rational agents, they also act according to the 
 principles and laws of their natures. . A wicked 
 man, when his heart is fully set in him, and his 
 will stands in a full bent of resolution, will certain- 
 ly, if he have power in his hand, and opportunity 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. ys 
 
 to execute his conceived mischief, give it vent, and 
 perpetrate the wicked devices of his heart; for, hav- 
 ‘ing once conceived mischief, and travailing in pain 
 with it, he must, according to the course of nature, 
 bring it forth, as it is in Psal. vii. 14. But if any 
 of these inanimate, brutal, or rational agents, when 
 there is no natural obstacle, have their power sus- 
 pended ; and that when the effect is near the birth, 
 and the design, at the very article of execution, so 
 that though they would, yet they cannot hurt; to 
 what, think you, is this. to be assigned and refer- 
 red? Yetso it hath often been seen, where God’s 
 interest hath been immediately concerned in the 
 danger and evil of the event. The sea divided it- 
 self in its own channel, and made a wall of water 
 on each side, to give God’s distressed Israel a safe 
 passage, and that not in a calm, but, ‘when the 
 waves thereof roared,’’* as it is in Isa. li. 15. The 
 fire when blown up to the most intense and vehe- 
 ment flame, had no power to singe one hair of 
 God’s faithful witnesses, when, at the same instant 
 it had power to destroy their intended execution- 
 ers at a greater’ distance, Dan. iii. 22.. Yea, we 
 find it hath been sometimes sufficient to consume, 
 but not to torment the body, as in that known in- 
 stance of blessed Byneham, who told his enemies 
 the flames were to him as a bed of roses. The 
 hungry. lions’ put off their natural fierceness, and 
 became gentle and harmless, when Daniel was cast 
 among them for a prey. The like account, the 
 
 * How hard was Porphyry put to it, when, instead of a 
 better, this pretence must serve the turn: That Moses 
 taking the advantage of a low water unknown to the 
 Egyptians, passed over the people thereat; as if Moses, a 
 stranger, were better acquainted there than the Egyptian 
 natives. 
 
24 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 church history gives us of Polycarp and Dionysius 
 Areopagita, whom the fire would: not touch, but 
 stood after the manner of a ship’s sail, filled with 
 the wind about them. 3 
 
 Are these things according to the course and law 
 of nature? ‘To what secret natural cause can they 
 be ascribed? In like manner, we find the vilest 
 and fiercest of wicked men have been withheld, 
 by an invisible hand of restraint, from injuring the 
 Lord’s people. By what secret cause in nature 
 was Jeroboam’s hand dried up, and made inflexi- 
 ble at the same instant it was stretched-out against 
 the man of God?.1 Kings xiii. 4.. No wild beasts 
 rend and devour their prey more greedily than 
 wicked men would destroy the people of God who 
 dwell among them, were it not for this providential 
 restraint upon them. So the psalmist expresses 
 his case in the words following my text: ‘ My 
 soul is among lions, and I lie among them that are 
 set on fire.’ The disciples were. sent forth as 
 sheep into the midst of wolves, Matt. x. 16. It 
 will not avail, in this case, to object by saying that 
 those miraculous events depend’ only upon Serip- 
 ture testimony, which is not assented to by the 
 atheist: for, beside all that may be alleged for the 
 authority of that testimony, (which is needless to 
 produce to men that own it,) what is it less than 
 every eye sees or may see at this day ? Do we not 
 behold a weak, defenceless handful of men, won- 
 derfully and, except this way, unaccountably pre- 
 served from ruin in the midst of potent, enraged, and 
 turbulent enemies, that fain would, but cannot de- 
 stroy them, when as yet no natural impediment 
 can be assigned why they cannot? 
 
 And if this puzzle us, what shall we say when 
 we see events produced in the world, for the good 
 
 s 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 95 
 
 of God’s chosen, by those very hands and means 
 which were intentionally employed for their ruin ? 
 These things are as much beside the intentions of 
 their enemies, as they are above their own expec- 
 tations; yet such things are no rarities in the world. 
 Was not the envy.of Joseph’s brethren, the cursed 
 plot of Haman, the decree procured by the envy of 
 the princes against Daniel, with many more of the 
 like nature, all turned, by a secret and strange hand 
 of Providence, to their greater advancement and 
 benefit? Their enemies lifted them up to all that 
 honour and preferment they had. 
 
 Second demand. How is it, if the saints’ con- Hp 
 cerns are not ordered by a special Divine Provi- 
 dence, that natural causes unite and associate them- 
 selves for their relief and benefit in so strange a 
 manner sas they are found to do? It is undeniably 
 evident, that there are marvellous coincidences of 
 Providence confederating and agreeing, as it were, 
 to meet and unite themselves to bring about the 
 good of God’s chosen. ‘There is a like face of 
 things, showing itself in divers places at that time 
 when any work, for the good of the church, is 
 come upon the stage of the world; as when the 
 Messiah, the capital mercy, came to the temple, 
 then Simeon and Anna were brought thither, by 
 Providence, as witnesses to it: so,in the reforma- 
 tion work, when the images were pulled down in 
 Holland, one and the same spirit of zeal possessed 
 them in every city and town, that the work was 
 done in the night. He that carefully reads the 
 history of Joseph’s advancement.to be the lord of 
 Egypt, may number in that history twelve re- 
 markable acts or steps of Providence, by which he 
 ascended to that honour and authority; if but one 
 of them had failed, in all likelihood the event had 
 
 3 
 
96 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 done so too; butevery one fell in its order, exactly 
 keeping its own time and place. So, in the church’s 
 deliverance from the plot of Haman, we find no 
 less than seven acts of Providence strangely con- 
 curring to produce it, as if they had all met by ap- 
 pointment and consent, to break that snare for 
 them; one thing so aptly suiting with and mak- 
 ing way for another, that every careful observer. 
 must needs conclude this cannot be the effect of 
 casualty, but wise counsel. Even as in viewing 
 the accurate structure of the body of a man, the 
 figure, position, and mutual respects of the several 
 members and vessels have convinced some, and is 
 sufficient to convince all, that it was the effect of 
 Divine wisdom and power; in like manner, if the 
 admirable adapting of the means and instruments 
 employed for mercy to the people of God be heed- 
 fully considered, who can fail to confess, that as 
 there are tools of all sorts and sizes in the shop of 
 Providence, so there is a most skilful hand that 
 uses ‘them; and that they could no more produce 
 such effects of themselves, than the axe, saw, or 
 chisel, can cut or carve a rude log into a beautiful 
 figure without the hand of a skilful artificer. 
 
 We find, by manifold instances, that there cer- 
 tainly are strong combinations and predispositions 
 of persons and things, to bring about some issue 
 and design for the benefit of the church, which 
 they themselves never thought of, _'They hold no 
 intelligence, communicate not their counsels to 
 each other, yet meet together, and work together, 
 as if they did; which is as if ten men should all 
 meet together at one place, and in one hour, about 
 one and the same business, and that without any 
 fore-appointment betwixt themselves.. Can any 
 question that such a meeting of means and instru- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. Oe 
 
 ments, is certainly, though secretly, overruled by 
 some wise invisible Agent. 
 
 Third demand. If the concerns of God’s people 
 be not governed by aspecial Providence, whence is 
 it that the most apt and powerful means, employed 
 to destroy them, are rendered ‘iefesiral : and 
 weak, contemptible means, employed for their de- 
 fence and comfort, crowned with success? This 
 could never be, if things were wholly swayed by 
 the course of nature. If we judge by that rule, we 
 must conclude, the more apt and powerful the 
 means are, the more successful and prosperous 
 they must needs be; and where they are unfit, 
 weak, and contemptible, nothing can. be expected 
 from them. ‘Thus, reason lays it according to the 
 rules of nature;. but Providence crosses its hands, 
 as Jacob did in blessing the sons of Joseph, and 
 orders quite contrary issues and events. Such was 
 the mighty power and deep policy used by Pharaoh 
 to destroy God’s Israel, that, to the eye of reason, 
 it was as impossible to survive it, as for crackling 
 thorns to abide unconsumed amidst devouring 
 flaines ; by which emblem, their Bor eit pre- 
 servation is expressed, Exod. ili. 2; the bush was 
 all in a flame, but no consumption orig The hea- 
 then Roman emperors, who made the world trem- 
 ble, and subdued the nations under them, have em- 
 ployed all their power and policy against the poor, 
 naked, defenceless church, to ruin it, yet could 
 not accomplish it, Rev. xii. 3, 4. Oh, the seas of 
 blood that heathen Rome shed in ten persecutions ! 
 yet, the church lives; and, when the dragon gave 
 his power to the beast, Rev. xiii. 2, that is the state 
 of Rome became anti-christian, oh what slaughters 
 were made by the beast in all his dominions! so 
 that the Holy Ghost represents him as drunken 
 
98 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 with the blood of the saints, Rev. xvii. 6. And 
 yet all will not do; the gates, that is the powers and 
 policies of hell, cannot prevail against it. How 
 manifest is the care and power of Providence here- 
 in! Had half that power been employed against 
 any other people, it had certainly swallowed them 
 -up immediately, or, in the hundredth part of the 
 time, worn them out. How soon was the Persian 
 monarchy swallowed up by the Grecian, and that 
 again by the Roman! Dioclesian and Maximine, 
 in the height of their persecution found themselves 
 so baffled by Providence, that they both resigned 
 the government, and lived as private men. But, 
 in this wonderful preservation, God makes good 
 that promise, **’Though I make a full end of. all 
 nations, yet will I not make a full end of thee,” 
 Jer. xxx. 11. And again, ‘*No weapon formed 
 against thee shall prosper,”’ Isa. liv. 17.. On the 
 contrary, how successful have weak and contempti- 
 ble means been made for the good of the church ! 
 Thus, in the first planting of Christianity in the 
 world, by what weak, contemptible instruments was 
 itdone! Christ did not choose the eloquent orators, 
 or men of authority in the courts of kings and em- 
 perors, but twelve poor mechanics and fisher- 
 men; and these not sent together in a troop, but 
 some to take one country to-conquer it, and some 
 another; the most ridiculous course, in appearance, 
 for such a design as could be imagined; and yet, 
 in how short a time was the gospel spread, and the 
 churches planted by them in the several kingdoms 
 of the world! This the psalmist foresaw by the spi- 
 rit of prophecy, when he said, ** Out of the mouth 
 of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength, 
 that thou mightest still the enemy and the aven- 
 ger,’ Psal. vili. 2. At the sound of rams’ horns, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 99 
 
 Jericho is delivered into the hands of Israel; see 
 Josh. vi. 20. By three hundred men, with their 
 pitchers and lamps, the huge host of Midian is dis- 
 comfited, Judges vii. 19. The Protestants be- 
 sieged at Beziers in’ France, are delivered by a 
 drunken drummer, who, going to his quarters at 
 midnight, rang the alarm bell of the town, not 
 knowing what he did, and just then their enemies 
 were making their assault. And, as weak and 
 improbable means have been blessed with success 
 to the church in general, so, to the preservation of 
 its particular members also. A spider, by weav- 
 ing her web over the mouth of an oven, shall hide 
 a servant of Christ, (Du Moulin) from his enemies, 
 who took refuge there in the bloody Parisian mas- 
 sacre. A hen shall sustain another many days at 
 the same time, by lodging her egg every day in 
 the place where he had hid himself from the cut- 
 throats. Examples might be easily multiplied in 
 the case; but the truth is too plain and obvious to 
 the observation of all ages to need them. And can 
 we fail to acknowledge a Divine and special Provi- 
 dence overruling these matters, when we see the 
 most apt and potent means for the church’s ruin- 
 frustrated, and the most silly and contemptible 
 means succeeded and prospered for its good ? 
 Fourth Demand. ? If all things be governed by 
 the course of natural causes, how then comes it to 
 pass that men are turned, like a bowl by a rub,* 
 out of the way of evil, unto which they were driv- 
 ing on with full speed? Good men have been en- 
 gaged in the way to, their own ruin, and knew it 
 not; but Providence hath met them in the way, 
 and preserved them by strange diversions, the 
 
 * Hinderance, obstruction, difficulty. 
 
30 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 meaning of which they understood not until the 
 event discovered it. Paul lay bound at Cesarea; 
 the high-priest and chief of the Jews request T'es- 
 tus, that he might be brought bound to Jerusalem, 
 having laid wait in the way to kill him: but Fes- 
 tus, though ignorant of the plot, utterly refuses it, 
 but chooses rather to go with them to Cesarea, and 
 judge him there; by this rub, their bloody design 
 is frustrated, Acts xxv. 3, 4. 
 
 Possidonius, in the life of Augustine, tells us 
 that the good father going to teach the people of a 
 certain town, took a guide with him to show him 
 the way; the guide mistook the usual road, and 
 ignoranily fell into’a by-path, by which means he 
 escaped ruin by the hands of the bloody Donatists, _ 
 who, knowing his intention, way-laid him to kill 
 him in the road. | 
 
 And as memorable and wonderful are those rubs 
 and diversions which wicked men have met with 
 in the way of perpetrating the evils conceived and 
 intended in their own hearts. Laban and Esau 
 came against Jacob with mischievous purposes, 
 Gen. xxxi. 24, but no sooner are they come nigh 
 to him, than the shackles of restraint are imme- 
 diately clapt upon them both, so that their hands 
 cannot perform their enterprises. _Balaam runs 
 greedily for reward to curse Israel, but meets with 
 an unexpected check at his very outset; and 
 though that stopped him not, but he tried every 
 way to do them mischief, yet he still finds himself 
 fettered by an effectual bond of restraint that he 
 can no way shake off, Numb. xxii, 25—38. Saul, 
 the high-priest’s blood-hound, breathes out threat- 
 enings against the church, and goes, with a bloody 
 commission, towards Damascus, to hale the poor 
 flock of Christ to the slaughter; but when he 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 31 
 
 comes nigh to the place, he meets an unexpected 
 stop in the way, by which the mischiefis not only 
 diverted, but himself converted to Christ, Acts ix, 
 1—4, Who can fail to see the finger of God in 
 these things ? 
 
 fifth demand. If there be not an overruling 
 Providence, ordering all things for the good of 
 God’s people, how comes it to pass that the good 
 and evil which is done to them in this world is 
 accordingly repaid into the bosoms of those who 
 are instrumental therein ? 
 
 1. How clear is it to every man’s observation, 
 that the kindnesses and. benefits any have done to 
 the Lord’s people have been rewarded with full 
 measure into their bosoms! ‘The Egyptian mid- 
 wives refused to obey Pharaoh’s inhuman com- 
 mand, and saved the male children of Israel; for 
 this the Lord dealt with them, and built them 
 houses, Exod. 1.21. ‘The Shunammite was hos- 
 pitable, and careful for Elisha, and God recom- 
 pensed it with the desirable enjoyment of a son, 2 
 Kings iv. 9.17. Rahab hid the spies, and was 
 exempted from the common destruction for it, 
 Heb. xi. 31. Publius, the chief man of the island 
 of Melita, courteously received and lodged Paul 
 after his shipwreck; the Lord speedily repaid him 
 for that kindness, and healed his father, who lay 
 sick at that time of a bloody flux and fever, Acts 
 Xxvil. 7, 8. 
 
 In like manner, we find the evils done to God's 
 people have been repaid by a just retribution to 
 their enemies. 
 
 Pharaoh and. the Egyptians were cruel enemies 
 to God’s Israel, and designed the ruin of their poor 
 innocent babes; and God repaid it by smiting all 
 the first-born in Egypt in one night, Exod. xii. 29. 
 
32 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 Haman erected a gallows fifty cubits high for 
 good Mordecai; and God so ordered it, that he 
 himself and his ten sons were hanged on it. And 
 indeed it was but meet that he should eat the fruit 
 of that tree which he himself had planted, Esther 
 vil. 10. . 
 
 Ahithophel plots against David, and gives coun- 
 sel, like an oracle, how to procure his fall; and 
 that very counsel, like a surcharged gun, recoils 
 upon himself, and procures his ruin; for, seeing 
 his good counsel rejected, (good politically, not 
 morally,) it was now easy for him to guess at the 
 issue, and so at his own fate, 2 Sam. xvil. 2, 3. 
 
 Charles IX. most inhumanly made the very 
 eanals of Paris to stream with Protestant blood, 
 and soon after, he died miserably, his blood stream- 
 ing from all parts of his body. 
 
 Stephen Gardiner, who burnt so many of God’s 
 dear servants to. ashes, was himself so scorched up 
 by a terrible inflammation, that his very tongue 
 was black, and hung out of his mouth; and in 
 dreadful torments he ended his wretched days. 
 
 Maximinus, that cruel emperor, who set forth 
 his proclamation, engraven in brass, for the utter 
 abolishing of the Christian religion, was speedily 
 smitten, like Herod, with a. dreadful judgment, 
 swarms of lice preying upon his entrails, and 
 causing such a stench, that his physicians could 
 not endure to come nigh him, and for refusing it 
 were slain. Hundreds of like instances might 
 easily be produced to confirm this observation, 
 And who can fail to see by these things, that ‘* ve- 
 rily there is a God that judgeth in the earth?” 
 
 Yea, so exact have been the retributions of Pro- 
 vidence to the enemies of the Church, that not 
 only the same persons, but the same members, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 33 
 
 that have been the instruments of mischief, have 
 been made the subjects of wrath. : 
 The same arm, which Jeroboam stretched out 
 to smite the prophet, God smites. ‘The emperor 
 Aurelian, when he. was ready to subscribe the 
 edict for the persecution of the Christians, was 
 suddenly cramped in his knuckles that he could 
 not write. 
 
 Mr. Greenhill, in his exposition upon Ezekiel 
 xi. 13, tells his auditory, that there was one then 
 present in the congregation, who was an eye-wit- 
 ness of a woman scofling at another for purity and 
 holy walking, who had her tongue stricken imme- 
 diately with the palsy, and died thereof within 
 two days. 
 
 Henry Il. of France, in a great rage against a 
 Protestant counsellor, committed him into the 
 hands of one of his nobles to be imprisoned, and 
 that with these words, that he would see him 
 burnt with his own eyes: but mark the righte- 
 ous providence of God: within a few days after, 
 the same nobleman, with a lance put into his 
 hands by the king, did, at a tilting match, run the 
 said lance into one. of the king’s eyes, whereof he 
 died. 
 
 Yea, Providence hath made the very place of 
 sinning the place of punishment: ‘In the place 
 where dogs licked the blood of Naboth, shall dogs 
 lick thy blood,’ 1 Kings xxi. 19, and it was ex- 
 actly fulfilled, 2 Kings ix. 26. Thus Tophet is 
 made a burying-place for the Jews, until there is. 
 no room to bury; and that was the place where: 
 they had offered up their sons to Moloch, Jer. vii. 
 31, 32. The story of Nightingale is generally 
 known, which Mr. Fox relates, how he fell out of. 
 
 4 
 
34. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 the pulpit and broke his neck, whilst he was abus- 
 ing that Scripture.* | | | 
 
 And thus the Scriptures are made good by Pro- 
 vidence: ** Whoso diggeth a pit, shall fall therein ; 
 and he that rolleth a stone, it shall return upon 
 him,” Prov. xxvi. 27; and ‘* with what measure 
 you mete, it shall be measured to you again,” 
 Matt. vil. 2. 
  Ifany yet say, These things may fall out casual- 
 ly, that many thousands of the enemies of the 
 Church have died in peace, and their end been like 
 other men: we answer with Augustine, if no sin 
 were punished here, no providence would be be- 
 lieved ; and if every sin should be punished here, 
 no judgment would be expected. But, that none 
 may think these events to be merely casual and 
 accidental we yet further demand. 
 
 | Sixth demand. If these things be merely casual, 
 how is it that they square and agree so exactly 
 with the Scriptures in all particulars ? 
 
 We read, ** Can two walk together, except they 
 be agreed 2”? Amos iii. 3. If two men travel in one 
 road, it is likely they are agreed to go to the same 
 place. Providences and Scriptures go all one way } 
 and if they seem at any time to go divers or con- 
 trary ways, be sure they will meet at the journey’s 
 end; there is an agreement betwixt them so to do. 
 
 Doth God miraculously suspend the power of 
 ‘natural causes, as in the first demand was opened? 
 Why, this is no. accidental thing, but what har- 
 monizes with the word: ‘* When thou passest 
 through the waters, I will be with thee; and 
 through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee. 
 When thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt 
 
 * 1 John i. 10. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF. PROVIDENCE. 35 
 
 not be burnt, neither shall the flame kindle upon 
 thee,’ Isaiah xlili. 2. ie 
 
 Do natural causes unite and associate themselves 
 for the good of God’s people? Why, this is no 
 more than what is contained in the promises, and 
 is but the fulfilling of that Scripture, “all is yours, 
 for ye are Christ’s,”” 1 Cor. iii. 22, that is, the 
 use, benefit, and servive of all the creatures are for 
 you, as your need shall require. 
 
 Are the most apt and powerful means employed 
 for their ruin, frustrated? Who can but see’ the 
 Scriptures fulfilled in, and expounded by, such 
 providences? See Isa. xlv. 15—17, and Isa. viii. 
 7—10, expounded by 2 Kings xviii. 17, &e. 
 
 See you at any time a rub of Providence divert- 
 ing the course of good men from falling into evil, 
 or wicked men from committing evil? How loud- 
 ly do such providences proclaim the truth and cer- 
 tainty of the Scriptures, which’ tell-us, «that the 
 way of man is not in himself, neither is it in him 
 that walks to direct his steps,’’ Jer. x. 23; and 
 that ‘*a man’s heart deviseth his way, but the 
 Lord directeth his steps,’’ Prov. xvi. 9. 
 
 Do you see adequate retributions made to those 
 that injure or befriend the people of God? + When 
 you see all the kindness and love any have shown 
 the saints returned with an overplus into their bo- 
 soms, how is it possible but you must see the 
 accomplishment of those Scriptures in such provi- 
 dences? ‘The liberal soul deviseth liberal things, 
 and by liberal things he shall stand,’ Isa. xxxii. 
 8, and 2 Cor. ix. 6. And when you see the evils 
 men have done, or intended to do, to the Lord’s 
 people, recoiling upon themselves, he is perfectly 
 blind who sees not the harmony such providences 
 
36 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 bear with these Scriptures, Psal. exl. 11, 12; vii. 
 14—-16; ix. 16. ; 
 
 “Oh what exact proportions do providences and 
 Scriptures hold! Little do men take notice of it. 
 Why did Cyrus, contrary to all rules of state po- 
 licy, freely dismiss the captives, but to fulfil that 
 Scripture, Isa. xlv. 132 So that it was well ob- 
 served by one, ‘That as God had stretched out the 
 firmament over the natural, so he hath stretched 
 out his word over the rational world; and as the 
 creatures on earth are influenced by those heaven- 
 ly bodies, so are all creatures in the world influ- 
 enced by the word, and do infallibly fulfil it when 
 they design to cross it. 
 
 Seventh demand. If these things be contingent, 
 how is it that they fall out in such remarkable 
 nicks and junctures of time, which makes them so 
 greatly observable to all that consider them ? 
 
 We find a multitude of providences so timed to 
 a minute, that, had they fallen out ever so little 
 sooner or later, they had signified but little to what 
 they now do. Certainly it cannot be casualty, but 
 counsel, that so exactly nicks the opportunity. 
 Contingencies keep to’no rules. | 
 
 How remarkable to this purpose was the tidings 
 
 brought to Saul, that the Philistines had invaded > 
 
 ~ the land, just as he was ready to grasp the prey ! 
 1 Sam. xxii. 27. The angel calls to Abraham, 
 and shows him another sacrifice, just when his 
 hand was giving the fatal stroke to Isaac, Gen. 
 xxii. 10, 11. A well of water is discovered to 
 Hagar just when she had left the child as not able 
 to see its death, Gen. xxi. 16.19. Rabshakeh 
 meets with a blasting providence, hears a rumour 
 that frustrated his design, just when ready to give 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. Sir 
 
 the shock against Jerusalem, Isa. xxxvii. 7, 8. 
 So when Haman’s plot against the Jews was ripe, 
 and all things ready for execution, ** On that night 
 could not the king sleep,” Esther vi. 1. When 
 the horns are ready to gore Judah, immediately 
 carpenters are prepared to drive them away, Zech. 
 i. 18—21. How remarkable was the relief of 
 Rochelle, by a shoal of fish that came into the 
 harbour when they were ready to perish with 
 famine, such as they never observed before or 
 after that time. Mr. Dodd could not go to bed one 
 night, but had a strong impulse to visit, (though 
 unseasonable,) a neighbouring gentleman, and just 
 as he came, he meets him at his door, with a hal- 
 ter in his pocket, just going to hang himself. Dr. 
 Tate and his wife, in the Irish rebellion, flying 
 through the woods with a sucking child, which 
 was just ready to expire; the mother, going to rest 
 it upon a rock, puts her hand upon a bottle of 
 warm milk, by which it was preserved. A good 
 woman, from whose mouth I received it, being 
 driven to a great extremity, all supplies failing, 
 was exceedingly plunged into unbelieving doubts 
 and fears, not seeing whence supplies could come, 
 when lo! at that very time, by turning some things 
 in a chest, unexpectedly she lights upon a piece of 
 gold, which supplied her present wants, till God 
 opened another door of supply. If these things 
 fall out casually, how is it they observe time so 
 very exactly? ‘That is become proverbial in Scrip- 
 ture. **In the mount of the Lord it shall be seen,”’ 
 Gen. xxil. 14. 
 
 Lighth demand. Lastly, were these things 
 casual and contingent, how ean it be that they 
 should fall out so immediately upon,.and conso- 
 nantly to, the prayers of the saints? So that in 
 
38 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 many providences they are able to discern a very 
 clear answer to their prayers, and are sure they 
 have the petitions they asked of him, 1 John v. 
 15. | 
 
 Thus when the sea divided itself, just upon 
 Israel’s cry to Heaven, Exod. xiv. 10, When so 
 signal a victory is given to Asa, immediately upon 
 that pathetical cry to heaven, ‘*‘ Help us O Lord, 
 our God!”? 2 Chron. xiv. 11, 12. When Ahitho- 
 phel shall go and hang himself just upon that 
 prayer of distressed David, 2 Sam. xv. 31. When 
 Haman shall fall, and his plot be broken, just upon 
 the fast kept by Mordecai and Esther, Esth. iv. 16. 
 Our own Speed, in his History of Britain, tells us 
 that Richard I. besieged a castle with his army ; 
 they offered to surrender, if he would save their 
 lives; he refuses, and threatens to hang them all. 
 Upon this, an archer charged his bow with a square 
 arrow, making first his prayer to God, that he 
 would direct the shot, and deliver the innocent 
 from oppression: it struck the king himself, where- 
 of he died, and they were delivered. Abraham’s 
 servant prayed for success, and see how it was 
 answered, Gen. xxiv. 45. Peter was cast into 
 prison, and prayer was’ made for him by the 
 church, and see the event, Acts xii. 5—12, -I 
 could easily add to these the wonderful examples 
 of the return of prayers which was observed in 
 Luther, and Dr. Winter, in Ireland, and many 
 more; but I judge it needless, because most Chris- 
 tians have a stock of experience of their own, and 
 are well assured that many of the providences that 
 befall them are, and can be, no other than the re- 
 turn of their prayers. 
 
 And now, who can be dissatisfied on this point, 
 that wisely considers these things? Must we not 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 39 
 
 conclude that, ‘* he withdraweth not his eye from 
 the righteous?”’ Job xxxvi. 7, and that ‘+ the eyes 
 of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole 
 earth to show himself strong in the behalf of them 
 whose heart is perfect towards him,’’ 2 Chron xvi. 
 9. THis providences proclaim him to be’ a God, 
 hearing prayers. 
 
 THE SECOND GENERAL HEAD. 
 
 Having proved that the concerns of the saints, 
 in this world, are certainly conducted. by. the wis- 
 dom and care of a special Providence, my next 
 work is to show you in what affairs and concerns 
 of theirs the providence of God doth more espe- 
 cially appear, or what are the most remarkable 
 performances of Providence for then in this 
 world. 
 
 And: here I am not led directly by my text to 
 speak of the most internal and spiritual perform- 
 ances of Providence, immediately relating to the 
 souls of his people, though they all relate to their 
 souls mediately and eventually, but of the more 
 visible and external performances of Providence 
 for them. And it is not to be supposed that I 
 should touch ull these neither; they are more than 
 the sands: but that which I aim at, isi to discourse 
 to you-some more special and more observable 
 performances of Providence for you. And we 
 shall begin with 
 
 I. THE FIRST PERFORMANCE OF PROVIDENCE. 
 
 Let us consider how well Providence hath per- 
 formed the first work that ever it did for us, in our 
 formation and protection in the womb. . Certainly 
 this is a very glorious and admirable performance; 
 
40 - DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 it is what the psalmist admires: ‘* My substance 
 was not hid from thee when I was made in secret, 
 and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the 
 earth.” Psal. cxxxix. 15. ‘The womb is so called 
 upon this account, because as curious artists, when 
 they have some choice piece in hand, perfect it 
 in private, and then bring it into the light for all to 
 gaze at, so it was here. And there are two things 
 admirable in this performance of Providence for 
 us. 
 
 1. The rare structure and excellent composition 
 of the body: «J am wonderfully made.’ The 
 word in the Hebrew is very full. ‘The vulgate 
 renders it, painted as with a needle, that is, richly 
 embroidered with nerves and veins. Oh! the cu- 
 rious workmanship that is in that one part, the 
 eye! How has it forced some to acknowledge a 
 God, upon the examination of it! Providence, 
 when it went about this work, had its model or 
 pattern before it, according to which it moulded 
 every part, as it is in ver. 16. ‘* In thy book were 
 
 all my members written.”? Hast thou an integral 
 
 perfection and fulness of members? It is because 
 God wrote them all in his book, or limned out thy 
 body, according to that exact model, which he 
 drew of thee in his own gracious purpose, before 
 
 thou hadst a being. Had an eye, an ear, a hand, . 
 
 or a foot, been wanting in the platform, thou hadst 
 now been sadly sensible of the defect; this world 
 had been but a dungeon to thee without those win- 
 dows; thou hadst lived, as many do, an object of 
 pity to others. If thou hast low thoughts of this 
 mercy, ask the blind, the deaf, the lame, and the 
 dumb, the, value and worth of those mercies, and 
 they will tell thee. ‘There is a world of cost be- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 41 
 
 stowed upon thy very body. Thou mightest 
 have been cast into another mould, and created a 
 worm or atoad. I remember Luther tells us of 
 two cardinals, riding in great pomp .to the council 
 of Constance, and, by the way, they heard.a man 
 in the fields bitterly weeping and wailing. When 
 they came to him, they fuund him intently view- 
 ing an ugly toad! and asking why he wept so 
 bitterly, he told them, his heart was melted with 
 this consideration: that God had not made him 
 such a loathsome and deformed ‘creature. This is 
 what I love to weep at, said he: whereupon, one 
 of them cries out, Well! said the father, ‘Fhe un- 
 learned will rise and take heaven, and we, with 
 all our learning, shall be cast into hell. No part 
 of the common Jump. was so figured and polished 
 as man is. Galen gave Epicurus a hundred years’ 
 time to imagine a more commodious situation, 
 configuration, or composition, of any one member 
 of a human body; and if all the angels had studied 
 to this day, they could not have east the body of 
 man into a more curious mould. 
 
 2. And yet all this is but the enamelling of the 
 ease, or polishing the casket wherein the rare 
 jewel lies. Providence hath not only built the 
 house, but brought the inhabitant (I mean the 
 soul) into the possession of it. A glorious piece 
 it is, that bears the very image of God upon it, 
 being all in all, and all in every part. How noble 
 are its faculties and affections! How nimble, va- 
 rious, and indefatigable are its motions! How 
 comprehensive is its capacity! It is a companion 
 for angels, nay, capable of espousals to Christ, 
 and eternal communion with God. . It is the won- 
 der of earth, and the envy of hell. 
 
 Suppose now (and why should you not suppose 
 
42. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 what you so frequently behold in the world?) that 
 Providence had so permitted and ordered it, that 
 thy soul had entered into thy body with one or 
 two of its faculties wounded and defective? Sup- 
 pose its understanding had been cracked; whata 
 miserable life hadst thou lived in this world! nei- 
 ther capable of service nor comfort. And truly, 
 when I have considered those works of Provi- 
 dence, in bringing into the world, in all countries 
 and ages, some such spectacles of pity ; some de- 
 prived of the use of reason, and differing from 
 beasts in little more than shape and figure; and 
 others, though sound in their understandings, yet 
 deformed or defective in their bodies, monstrous, 
 misshapen, and loathsome creatures; I can re- 
 solve the design of this providence into nothing 
 beside a demonstration of his sovereign power, 
 except they be designed as foils to set off the 
 beauty of other rare and exquisite pieces, and in- 
 tended to stand before your eyes as monitors of 
 God’s mercy to you, that your hearts, as often as 
 you beheld them, might be melted into thankful- 
 ness for so distinguishing favour to you. 
 
 Look then, but not proudly, upon thine outside 
 and inside; see and admire what Providence hath 
 done for thee, and how well it hath performed the 
 first service that ever it did for thee in this world! 
 And yet this was not all it did for thee before thou 
 sawest this world: it preserved thee as well. as 
 formed thee in the womb, else thou hadst been as 
 those embryos Job speaks of, that never saw the 
 light, Job ili. 16. Abortives go for nothing in the 
 world, and there are multitudes of them; some 
 that never had a reasonable soul breathed into 
 them, but only the rudiments and rough draught of 
 the body ; these come not into the account of men, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 43 
 
 but perish as.the beast doth. Others that die in, 
 or shortly after they come out of the womb, and 
 though their life was but for a moment, yet that 
 moment entails an eternity upon them. And had 
 this been your case, as it is the case of millions, 
 then, supposing your salvation, yet had you been 
 utterly unserviceable to God in the world; none 
 had been the better for you, nor you the better for 
 any in the world; you had been utterly incapable 
 for all that.good which, throughout your life, you 
 have either done to others, or received from 
 others. | 
 
 And if we consider the nature of that obscure 
 life we lived in the womb, how small an accident, 
 had it been permitted by Providence, had extin- 
 guished our life, like a bird in the shell! We 
 cannot therefore but admire the tender care of Pro- 
 vidence over us, and say with the psalmist, «Thou 
 hast covered me in my mother’s womb,” Psal. 
 exxxix. 13, and not only so, but, ‘* Thou art he 
 that took me out of my mother’s womb,” Psal. 
 xxii. 9.‘ He preserved thee there to the fulness of 
 time, and, when that time was come, brought thee 
 safely through manifold hazards into that place in 
 the world which he from eternity espied for thee ; 
 which leads us to the second performance. 
 
 II. The next great performance of Providence 
 for the people of God, respects the place and time 
 in which it ordered their nativity to fall. And truly 
 this is no small concern to every one of us, but of 
 vast consequence, either to our good or evil, though 
 it be little minded by most men. I am persuaded 
 the thoughts of few Christians penetrate deep 
 enough into this providence, but slide too slightly 
 and superficially over an abyss of much mercy, 
 
 oy 
 ripe 
 
44. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 rich and manifold mercy, wrapped up in this gra- 
 cious performance of Providence for them. 
 
 Ah friends! can you think it an indifferent thing 
 into what part of the world you are cast? Is there 
 no odds upon what spot of the creation, or what 
 age of the world your lot had fallen? It may be 
 you have not seriously bethought yourselves about 
 this matter. And because this point is so seldom 
 touched, I will therefore dive a little more particu- 
 larly and distinetly into it, and endeavour to warm 
 your affections with a representation of the many 
 and rich benefits you owe to this one performance 
 of Providence for you. 
 
 And we will consider it under a double respect 
 or relation; as it respects your present comfort in 
 this world, and as it relates to your eternal happi- 
 ness in the world to come. A 
 
 1. ‘This performance of Providence for you, doth 
 very much concern your present. comfort in this 
 world. All the rooms in this great house are not 
 alike pleasant and commodious for the inhabitants 
 of-it. You read of ‘* The dark places of the earth, 
 which are full of the habitations of cruelty,’’ Psal. 
 Ixxiv. 20, and many such dismal places are found 
 in the habitable earth. What a vast tract of the 
 world lies as a waste wilderness! 
 
 Suppose your mothers had brought you forth in 
 America among the savage Indians, who herd to- 
 gether as brute beasts; are scorched with heat and 
 starved with cold, being naked, destitute, and de- 
 fenceless. How poor, miserable, and unprovided 
 of earthly comforts and accommodations are many 
 millions of the inhabitants of this world! What 
 mercies do you enjoy in respect of the amenity, 
 fertility, temperature, and civility of the place of 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 45 
 
 your habitation? What is it but a garden enclosed 
 out of a wilderness?.[ may, without partiality or 
 vanity, say, God hath, even upon temporal ac- 
 counts, provided you with one of the most health- 
 ful, pleasant, and, in all respects, the best furnished 
 room in all the great house of this world. 
 
 You are here provided with necessary and com- 
 fortable accommodations for your bodies, that a 
 great part of the world are unacquainted with. It 
 is not with the poorest among us, as it is said to be 
 with the poor in a foreign land, whose poverty 
 pinches and bites with such’sharp teeth, that their 
 poor cry at their doors, give me, and cut me! give 
 me, and kill me! / 
 
 Say not, the barbarous nations in this excel you; 
 that they possess the mines of silver and gold, 
 which, it may be, you think enough to compensate 
 for all other inconveniences of life. Alas, poor 
 creatures! better had it been for them if their 
 country had brought forth briers and thorns, instead 
 of gold, silver, and precious stones; for this hath 
 been the occasion of ruining all their other com- 
 forts in this world; this*hath invited their cruel, 
 avaricious enemies among them, under whose ser- 
 vitude they groan and die without mercy; and 
 thousands of them have chosen death rather than 
 life, on the terms they enjoyed it. And why 
 might not your lot have fallen there, as well as 
 where it is? Are not they made of the. same clay, 
 and endowed. with as good a nature as yourselves ? 
 Oh what a distinction hath Divine Mercy made, 
 Where nature made none! Consider, ungrateful 
 man, thou mightest have fallen into some of those 
 regions where a tainted air frequently cloys the 
 jaws of death, where the-inhabitants differ very 
 little from the beasts in the manner of their living ; 
 
A6 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 but God hath provided for thee, and given the 
 poorest among us far better accommodations of life 
 than the greatest among them are ordinarily pro- 
 vided with. Oh, what hath Providence done for 
 ou! 
 
 ‘i But all that I have said is very inconsiderable in 
 comparison with the spiritual mercies and advan- 
 tages you here enjoy for your souls. Oh! this 
 is such an advantageous cast of Providence for 
 you, as obliges you to a thankful acknowledgment 
 of it to all eternity! For, let us here make but a 
 few suppositions, in the case before us, and the 
 glory of Providence will shine like a sunbeam full 
 in your faces. 
 
 (1.) Suppose it had been your lot to have fallen 
 into any of those vast continents, possessed by pa- 
 gans and heathens at this day, who bow down to 
 the stock of a tree, and worship the host of heaven. 
 This is the case of many millions; for pagan idola- 
 ters‘(as' that searching scholar Mr. Berewood in- | 
 forms us, in his Inquiries) do not only fill the cir- 
 cumference of nine hundred miles in Europe, but 
 almost the one half of Africa, more than the half 
 of Asia, and almost the whole of America.* 
 
 Oh! how deplorable had thy case been, if a pa- 
 gan idolatress had brought thee forth, and idolatry 
 had been sucked in with thy mother’s milk! Then, 
 in all probability, thou hadst been at this day wor- 
 shipping devils, and posting with full speed in the 
 direct road to damnation. For these are the peo- 
 ple of God’s wrath: ‘* Pour out thy fury upon the 
 heathen that know thee not, and upon the fainilies © 
 that call not upon thy name,’ Jer. x. 25. How 
 
 * America is much improved since Mr. Flavel’s time.— 
 Editor. | 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 47 
 
 dreadful is that imprecation against them, which 
 takes hold of them, and all that is theirs! ** Con- 
 founded be all they that serve graven images, that 
 boast themselves of idols,’’ Psalm xevil. 7. 
 
 (2.) Or suppose your lot had fallen among Maho- 
 metans who, next tu pagans, spread over the great- 
 est tract of the earth; for though Arabia bred that 
 unclean bird, yet it was not that cage that could 
 Jong contain him; for not only the Arabians, but 
 the Persians, ‘l'urks, and ‘Tartars; do all bow down 
 their backs under that grand impostor. 'This poison 
 hath dispersed itself through the veins of Asia, over 
 a great part of Africa, even the circumference of 
 seven thousand miles, and stops not there, but hath 
 tainted a considerable: part of Europe also. 
 
 Had your lot fallen here, oh what unhappy men 
 and women had you been, notwithstanding the 
 natural amenity and pleasantness of your native 
 soil! You had then adored a grand impostor, and 
 died in a fool’s paradise. Instead of God’s lively 
 oracles, you had been, as they now are, deceived 
 to your eternal ruin with such fond, mad, and wild 
 dreams; as whosoever considers, would think the 
 authors had more need of manacles and fetters, 
 than arguments or sober answers. , | 
 
 (3.) Or if neither of these had been your lot, but 
 you had been placed in a country which is chris- 
 tianized by profession, but nevertheless for the 
 most part overrun by popish idolatryand anti- 
 
 christian delusions; what unhappy men and wo- 
 men had you been, had you sucked a popish 
 breast! For this people are to be the subjects of 
 the vials of God’s wrath, to be poured out succes- 
 sively upon them, as you may read Rev. xvi. and 
 the Scriptures, in round and plain language, tell us 
 what their fate must be: ** And for this cause God 
 
48 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 shall send them strong delusion, that they shall 
 believe a lie, that they all might be damned who 
 believe not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighte- 
 ousness,”’ 2 Thess. ii. 1], 12. 
 
 Nay, you might have fallen into the same land 
 in which your habitation now is, and yet have had 
 no advantage by it as to salvation, if he who chose 
 the bounds of your habitations had not also gra- 
 ciously determined the times for you, Acts xvil. 
 26. For, 4 
 
 (4.) Suppose your lot had fallen where it is, 
 during the pagan state of England, whose inhabi- 
 tants for many hundred years were gross and vile 
 idolaters. Thick darkness overspread the people 
 -of this island, and, as in other countries, the devil 
 was worshipped, and his lying oracles zealously 
 attended upon. 
 
 The shaking of the top of Jupiter's oak in Do- 
 dona; the caldron smitten with the rod in the 
 hand of Jupiter’s image; the laurel and fountain 
 in Daphne; these were the ordinances on which 
 the poor deluded wretches waited. So in this 
 nation they worshipped idols also; the sun and 
 moon were adored for gods, with many other 
 abominable idols, which our ancestors worship- 
 ped, and whose memorials are not to this day 
 quite obliterated among us. 2 
 
 (5.) Or suppose our lot had fallen in those latter 
 miserable days, in which Queen Mary sent so 
 many hundreds to heaven in a fiery chariot, and 
 the poor Protestants skulked up and down in holes 
 and woods to preserve them from popish inquisi- 
 tors, who, like blood-hounds, hunted up and down 
 through all the cities, towns, and villages of the na- 
 tion to seek out the poor sheep of Christ for a prey. 
 
 But such hath been the special care of Provi- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 49 
 
 dence towards us, that our turn to be brought upon 
 the stage of this world was graciously reserved for 
 better days; so that if we had had our own option 
 we could not have chosen for ourselves as Provi- 
 dence hath. We are not ouly furnished with the 
 best room in this great house, but, before we were 
 put into it, it was swept with the besom of national 
 reformation from idolatry; yea, and washed by 
 the blood of martyrs from popish filthiness, and 
 adorned with gospel lights, shining in as great lus- 
 tre in our days, as ever they did since the apostles’ 
 days. You might have been born in England for 
 many ages, and not have found a Christian in it: 
 yea and since Christianity was here owned, and 
 not have met a Protestant in it. Oh what-an obli- 
 gation hath Providence laid you under by.such a 
 merciful performance as this for you! 
 
 _ If you say, All this indeed is true, but what is 
 this to eternal salvation? do not multitudes that 
 enjoy these privileges eternally perish notwith- 
 standing them? yea, and perish with an aggrava- 
 tion of sin and misery beyond other sinners 2 
 
 True, they do so; and it is of very sad con- 
 sideration that it should be so; but yet we cannot 
 deny this to be a very choice and singular mercy, 
 to be born in such a land, and at such a time; for, 
 let us consider what helps for salvation men here 
 enjoy beyond what they could enjoy had their 
 lot fallen according to the fore-mentioned suppo- 
 sitions. ‘ 
 
 (1. ] Here we enjoy the ordinary means of sal- 
 vation, which elsewhere men are denied and cut 
 off from; so that if any among the heathens be 
 saved and brought to Christ, it must be in some 
 miraculous or extraordinary way;. for, ‘* How 
 
50 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 shall they believe in him of whom they have not 
 heard? and how shall they hear without a preach- 
 er?’? Rom. x. 14. Alas! were there a desire 
 awakened in any of their hearts, after a gospel- 
 discovery of salvation, (which ordinarily is not, 
 nor can be rationally supposed,) yet, poor crea- 
 _tures! they might travel from sea ‘to sea to hear 
 the word, and not find it: whereas you can hardly 
 miss the opportunities of hearing the gospel; ser- 
 mons meet you frequently, so that you can scarce- 
 ly shun or avoid the ordinances and instruments 
 of vour salvation. And is this abcd! Christ 
 even forces himself upon us. 
 
 {2.] Here, in this age of the world, the common 
 prejudices against Christianity are removed by the 
 advantage it hath of a public profession among-the 
 people, and protection by the laws of the country ; 
 whereas were your habitation among Jews, Ma- 
 hometans, or heathen idolaters, you would find 
 Christ and Christianity the common odium of the 
 country, every one defying and deriding both name 
 and thing; and such yourselves likely had been, 
 if your birth and education had been among them; 
 for you may observe, that whatever is traditionally 
 delivered down from father to son, every one is 
 fond of, and zedlous in its defence. The Jews, 
 Heathens, and Mahometans, are at this day so te- 
 nacious of their errors, that with spitting, hissing, 
 and clapping of hands, and all other signs of in- 
 dignation and abhorrence, they chase aay all 
 others from among them. ; 
 
 Is it not then a special mercy. to you, to be cast 
 into such a country and age, where, as a learned 
 divine observes, the true religion hath the same 
 advantages over every false one, as in other coun- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. Al 
 
 tries they have over it?. Here you have the pre- 
 sence of precious means, and the absence of soul- 
 destroying prejudices—two singular mercies. 
 
 [3.] Here, in this age of the world, Christianity 
 bespeaks you as soon as. you are capable of any 
 sense, or impressions, of religion upon you, and 
 so by a happy anticipation blocks up the passages 
 by which a false religion would certainly enter. 
 Here you suck in the first notions and principles 
 of Christianity, even with the mother’s milk. And 
 certainly such a prepossession is a choice advan- 
 tage. ‘*'T'rain up a child in the way he should 
 go, and when he is old he will not depart from it,”’ 
 Prov. xxii. 6. | 
 
 [4.] Here you have, or may have, the help and 
 assistance of Christians to direct your way, resolve 
 your doubts, support your burdens, and help you 
 through those difficulties that attend the new birth. 
 Alas! if a poor soul had any beginnings, or faint 
 workings and stirrings after Christ and true reli- 
 gion, in many- other countries, the hand of every 
 man would presently be against him, and none 
 would be found to relieve, assist, or encourage, as 
 you may see in that example of Galeacius; the 
 nearest relations would, in that case, prove the 
 greatest enemies, the country would quickly hoot 
 at him as a monster, and cry, Away with the here- 
 tic to the prison or stake. © | 
 
 Whether these eventually prove blessings to 
 your souls or not, certain [I am, that, in them- 
 selves, they are singular mercies, and helps to sal- 
 vation, though denied to millions around you. So 
 that, if Plato, when he was near his death, could 
 bless God for three things, namely, That he was 
 aman, and not a beast; that he was born in 
 Greece; and that he was brought up in the time 
 
52 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 of Socrates: much more cause have you to ad- 
 mire Providence that you are men, and not beasts ; 
 that you were born here; and brought up in 
 gospel days here. This is a land the Lord hath 
 espied for you, as the expression 1s, Ezek. xx. 6, 
 and concerning it, you have abundant cause to 
 say, as in another case the psalmist doth, **the 
 lines are fallen to me in pleasant places, and I 
 have a goodly heritage, Psal. xvi. 6. 
 
 Ill. ‘The next observable performance of Provi- 
 dence, which must be heedfully adverted to, and 
 weighed, is the designation of the stock and family 
 out of which we should spring and rise. And truly 
 this is of special consideration, both as to our tem- 
 poral and‘eternal good; for whether the families in 
 which we grew up were great or small in Israel; 
 whether our parents were of higher or lower class 
 and. rank among men, yet if they were such as 
 feared God, and wrought righteousness, if they 
 took any care to educate you righteously, and 
 trained you up “in the nurture and admonition of 
 the Lord,”’ you are bound to reckon it among your 
 chief mercies, that you descended from such pa- 
 rents, for from this spring a double stream of mercy 
 rises to you. ‘I'emporal and external mercies to 
 your outward man. You cannot but know, thatas 
 godliness entails a blessing, so wickedness and un- 
 righteousness, a curse, upon posterity ;. an instance 
 of the former you have in Gen. xvil. 18, 20. On 
 the contrary, you have the threatening, Zech. v. 4. 
 and both together in this passage: ‘* The curse of 
 the Lord is in the house of the wicked, but he bless- 
 eth the habitation of the just,” Prov. iil. 33. True 
 it is, that both these imply the children’s treading 
 in the steps of their parents, according to Ezekiel 
 xvili, but how frequently is it seen, that wicked 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. - 53 
 
 men bring up their children vainly and wickedly ; 
 so that, as it s said of Abijam, ‘* He walked in all 
 the sins of his father, which he had done before 
 him,” 1 Kings xv. 8, and so the curse is entailed 
 from generation to generation.. To escape this 
 curse is a choice providence. 
 
 But especially take notice, what a stream of spi- 
 ritual blessings and mercies flows from this provi- 
 dence to the inner man. Oh! it is no common 
 mercy to descend from pious. parents! some of us 
 do not only owe our natural life to them, as instru- 
 ments of our being, but our spiritual and eternal 
 life also. It was no small mercy to Timothy that 
 he descended from such progenitors, 2 Tim. i. 5. 
 nor to Augustine that he had such a mother as 
 Monica, who planted in his mind the precepts of 
 life with her words, watered them with her tears, 
 and nourished them with her example. We will 
 a little more particularly inspect this mercy, and, 
 in so doing, we shall find manifold mercies con- 
 tained in it. 
 
 1. What a mercy was it to us to have parents, 
 who prayed for us before they’ had us, as well as 
 in our infancy when we could not pray for our- 
 selves! Thus did Abraham, Gen. xv. 2, and Han- 
 nah, 1 Sam, i. 10, 11, and some here, likely, are 
 the fruits and returns of their parents’. prayers. 
 This was that holy course they continued all their 
 days for you, carrying all your concerns, espe- 
 cially your eternal ones, before the Lord with their 
 own, and pouring out their souls to God so affec- 
 tionately for you, when their eye-strings and heart- 
 strings were breaking. Oh! put a value upon 
 such mercies, for they are precious! It isa greater 
 mercy to descend from praying parents, than from 
 nobles. See Job’s pious practice, Job. i. 5. 
 
54. DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 ¥ 
 
 2. What a special mercy was it to us to have 
 the excrescences of corruption nipped in the bud, 
 by their pious and careful discipline! We now 
 understand what a critical and dangerous season 
 youth is, the wonderful proneness of that age to 
 every thing thatis evil. Why else are they called 
 youthful lusts? 2'Vim. ii. 22. When David asks, 
 ** Wherewith shall a young man cleanse his way ?” 
 it is plainly enough. implied in the very question, 
 that the way he takes lies through the pollutions 
 of the world in his youth, Psal. exix. 9. When 
 you find a David praying, that God would * not 
 remember the sins of his youth,”’ Psal. xxv. 7. and 
 a Job bitterly complaining, that God ‘made him 
 to possess the sins of his youth,” Job xili. 26, 
 sure you cannot but reflect, with a very thankful 
 heart, upon those happy means by which the cor- 
 ruption of your nature was happily prevented, or 
 restrained, in your youth. . 
 
 3. And how great a mercy was it, that we had 
 parents who carefully instilled the good knowledge 
 of God into our souls, in our tender years! How 
 careful was Abraham of this duty? Gen. xviii. 19. 
 And David, 1 Chron. xxvii. 9. We have some 
 of us had parents, who might say to us, as the 
 apostle, ‘* My little children, of whom I travail 
 again in birth, till Christ be formed in you,” Gal. 
 iv. 19. As they longed for us before'they had us, 
 and rejoiced in us, when they had us, so they 
 could not endure to think that, when they could 
 have us no more, the devil should. As they 
 thought no. pains, care, or cost, too much for our 
 bodies to feed them, clothe, and heal them; so did 
 they think no prayers, counsels, or tears, too much 
 for our souls, that they might be saved. ‘They 
 knew a parting time would come betwixt them 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 5D 
 
 and us, and did strive to make it as easy and com- 
 fortable to them as they could, by leaving us in 
 Christ, and within the blessed bond of his cove- 
 nant. ‘hey were not glad that we had health, and 
 indifferent whether we had grace. They as sen- 
 sibly felt the miseries of our souls as of our bodies ; 
 and nothing was more desirable to them than that 
 they might say in the great day, Lord, here am I, 
 and the children which thou hast given'me.  _ 
 
 4. And was it not a special favour to us to have 
 parents, that went before us as a pattern of holi- 
 ness, and beat the path to heaven for us by their 
 examples?’ Who could say to us, ‘What things 
 ye have heard and seen in me. do,’’ Phil. iv. 9, 
 and ** Be ye followers of us, as we are of Christ,”’ 
 1 Cor. xi. 1. The parent’s life is the child’s copy. 
 Oh! it is no common mercy to have a fair copy 
 set before us, especially in the moulding age! We 
 saw what they did, as well as heard what they 
 said. It was Abraham’s commendation that ‘he 
 commandeth his children, and his household after 
 him, to keep the way of the Lord ;” and such mer- 
 cies some of us have had also. wei 
 
 Ah! my friends, let me beg you that you will 
 set special remarks upon this providence, which 
 is so graciously wrought for you; and, that your 
 hearts may be more thoroughly warned in the 
 sense of it, compare your condition with others, 
 and. seriously bethink yourselves, 
 
 (1.) How many children there are among us 
 who are drawn headlong to hell by their cruel and 
 ungodly parents, who teach them to curse and 
 swear.as soon as they can speak! Many families 
 there are, wherein little other language is héard 
 but what is the dialect of hell. These, like the 
 old logs and small spray, are preparing for the fire 
 
56 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 of hell, where they must burn together. Of such 
 children, that Scripture will one day be verified, 
 Except they repent, ‘+ they shall go to the genera- 
 tion of their fathers, where they shall not see 
 light,’ Psal. xlix. 19. 
 
 (2.) And how many families are there, though 
 not so profane, who yet breed up their children 
 vainly and sensually, as in Job xxi. 11, &c. and 
 take no care what becomes of their souls, so they 
 can but provide for their bodies? If they can but 
 teach them to carry their bodies, no matter if the 
 devil direct their souls; if they can but leave them 
 lands or monies, they think they have very fully 
 discharged their duties. Oh! what will the lan- 
 guage be wherewith such parents and children 
 shall greet each other, at the judgment-seat, and 
 in hell, for ever! ; , Rie 
 
 (3.) And how many are there, who are more 
 sober, ard yet hate the least appearances of godli- 
 ness in their children! who, instead of cherishing, 
 do all they can to break bruised reeds, to quench 
 smoking flax, to stifle and strangle the first ap- 
 pearances and offers they make towards Christ! 
 who had rather accompany them to their graves, 
 than to Christ, doing all that in them lies, Herod- 
 like, to kill Christ in the cradle! Ah, sirs! you 
 little know what amercy you do, or have enjoyed, 
 in godly parents, and what a good lot Providence 
 cast for you in this concern of your bodies and 
 souls! | 
 
 If any shall say, This is not their case, they 
 had little help heavenward from their parents; to 
 such I shall thus reply: If you had little further- 
 ance, yet own it as a special providence, that you 
 had no hinderance; or, if you had opposition, yet 
 admire the grace of God in plucking you out by 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 57 
 
 a wonderful distinguishing hand of mercy from 
 among them, and keeping alive the languishing 
 sparks of grace amidst the floods of opposition ; 
 and learn from hence, if God give you a posterity 
 of your own, to be so much the more strict and 
 careful of relative duties, by how much you have 
 sensibly felt the want of it in yourselves, 
 
 _ But seeing such a train of blessings, both as to 
 this life and that to come, follows upon a-holy 
 education of children, I will not dismiss the point, 
 till [ have discharged my duty, in exhorting parents 
 and children to their duties. 
 
 EXHORTATION TO PARENTS. 
 
 And, first, for you that are parents, or to whom 
 the education of children is. committed, I beseech 
 you to reflect what an important duty lies on you ; 
 and, that 1 may effectually impress it,-consider, 
 
 1. How near the relation is betwixt you and 
 your children, and, therefore, how much you are 
 concerned in their happiness or misery. Consider 
 but the Scripture account of the dearness of such 
 relations, expressed by longings for them, as,it is 
 in Gen. xv. 2, and Gen. xxx. 1, and by our joy 
 when we have them, as Christ expresses ‘it, John 
 xvi. 21, the high value set on them, Gen. xlii. 38, 
 the sympathy with them in all their troubles, Mark 
 ix. 22, and by our sorrow at parting. Gen. xxxvii. 
 35. Now shall all this be to no purpose? For to 
 what purpose do we desire them before we have 
 them; rejoice in them when we’have them; value 
 them so highly ; sympathize with them so tender- 
 ly; grieve-for their death so excessively, if, in the 
 mean time, no care be taken what shall become of. 
 them to eternity ? 
 
 6 
 
58 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 2. How God hath charged you with their souls, 
 as well as bodies; and this appears by precepts 
 directly laid upon you, Deut. vi. 6, 7, and Eph. 
 vi. 4, and by precepts laid on them to obey you, 
 Eph. vi. 1, which plainly imply your duty, as well 
 as expresses theirs. | 
 
 3. What shall comfort you at the parting time, 
 if they die, through your neglect, in a Christless 
 condition ? Oh! this is the cutting consideration, 
 ‘My child is in hell, and I did nothing to prevent 
 it; I helped him thither! Duty discharged is the 
 only root of comfort in that day. 
 
 4. If you neglect to instruct them in the way of 
 holiness, will the devil neglect to instruct them in 
 the way of wickedness?. No. If you will not 
 teach them to pray, he will to curse, swear, and 
 lie. Ifground be uncultivated, weeds will spring. 
 
 5. If the season of their youth be neglected, 
 how little probability is there of any good fruit 
 afterwards! That is the moulding age, Prov. xxil. 
 6. How few are converted in old age! A twig 
 is brought to any form, but grown trees will not 
 bow. . ey 
 6. You are instrumental causes of all their spi- 
 yitual misery, and that by generation and imita- 
 tion: they lie spiritually dead of the plague, which 
 you brought home among them: ‘ Behold I was 
 shapen in iniquity, and in sin did my mother con-. 
 ceive me,”’ Psal. li. 5. 
 
 7. There is none in the world so likely, as you, 
 to be instruments of their eternal good.. You have 
 peculiar advantages that no others have, as the 
 interest you have in their affections: your oppor- 
 tunities to instil the knowledge of Christ into 
 them, being daily with them, Deut. vi. 7, and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 59 
 
 your knowledge of their tempers. If therefore you 
 neglect, who shall help them ? 
 
 8. ‘The consideration of the great day should 
 move your feelings of pity for them. O remem- 
 ber that text, ‘*I saw the dead, small and great, 
 stand before God,’’ Rev. xx. 12, &ce. What asad 
 thing will it be to see your dear children at Christ’s 
 left hand! O friends, do your utmost to prevent 
 this misery! ‘* Knowing the terrors of the Lord, 
 we persuade men,” 2 Cor. v. 11. 
 
 he: EXHORTATION TO CHILDREN.- 
 
 And you, children, especially you that sprang 
 from religious parents, I beseech you to obey their 
 counsels, and tread in the steps of their pious ex- 
 amples. ‘To press this, I offer these considera- 
 tions: fi 
 
 1. Your disobedience to them is a resisting of 
 God’s authority. . «* Children, obey your parents 
 in the Lord,’’?) Ephes. vi. 1, there is the com- 
 mand; your rebellion, therefore; rans higher than 
 you think. It is not man, but God, that you 
 disobey; and for your disobedience God will 
 punish you. It may be, their tenderness will not 
 suffer them, or you are grown beyond. their cor- 
 rection; all they can do is to complain to God;.. 
 and, if so, he will handle you more severely than 
 they could do. 
 
 2. Your sin is greater than the sin of young 
 heathens and infidels, and so will your account be 
 also. O-better (ifa wicked child) that thou hadst 
 been the offspring of savage Indians, nay, of 
 beasts, than of such parents. So many counsels 
 disobeyed, hopes and prayers frustrated, will turn 
 to sad ageravations. 
 
 3. It is usual with God to retaliate men’s diso- 
 
60 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 bedience to their parents in kind; commonly our 
 own children shall pay us home for it. I have 
 readin a grave author, of a wicked wretch that 
 dragged his father along the house: the father 
 begged him not to draw him beyond such a place, 
 for, said he, I dragged my father no further. Oh! 
 the sad, but just retributions of God! . 
 
 And, for you, in whose hearts grace hath been 
 planted by the blessing of education, | beseech 
 you to admire God’s goodness to you in this pro- 
 vidence. Oh! what a happy lot has God cast for 
 you! How few children are partakers of your 
 mercies ! Not 
 
 See that-you- honour such parents; the tie is 
 double upon you so to do. Be you the joy-of their 
 hearts, and comfort of their lives, if living ;. if not, 
 yet still remember the mercy while you live, and 
 tread in their pious paths, that you and they may 
 both rejoice together in the great day, and bless 
 God for each other to all eternity. 
 
 IV. The next remarkable performance of Pro- 
 vidence for the people of God, which I will in- 
 stance, shall be with respect to its ordering the 
 occasions, instruments, and means of their conver- 
 sion, 
 
 In nothing doth Providence shine forth more 
 gloriously in this world, than it doth in this per- 
 formance for the people of God. How curiously 
 soever its hand had moulded your bodies, how 
 tenderly soever it had preserved them, and how 
 bountifully soever it had provided for them; if it 
 had not also ordered some means or other for your 
 conversion, all the former favours and benefits’ it 
 had done for you had signified little. This, oh 
 this, is the most excellent benefit you ever re- 
 ceived from its hand! You are more beholden to 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 61 
 
 _it for this, than for all your other mercies. And, 
 in opening this performance of Providence, I can- 
 not but think your hearts must be deeply affected. 
 This is a subject, which every gracious heart loves 
 to steep its thoughts in. It is certainly the sweetest 
 history that ever they repeated ;. they love to think 
 and talk of it. ‘The places where, and instruments 
 by whom this work was wrought, are exceedingly 
 endeared to them: for the work’s sake; yea, en- 
 deared to that degree, that, for many years after, 
 their hearts have melted, when they have but 
 passed occasionally by those places, or but seen 
 the faces of those persons, who were used as in- 
 struments, in the hand of Providence, for their 
 good. As no doubt but Jacob’s Bethel was ever 
 after that night sweet to his thoughts, so other 
 saints have had their Bethels as well as he. Oh 
 blessed places, times, and instruments! Oh the 
 deep, the sweet impressions, never to be razed 
 out of the memory or heart, that this providence 
 has made upon those on whom it wrought. this 
 blessed effect at years of discretion, and in a more 
 sensible way! 
 
 But lest’ any poor. soul arnold be discouraged 
 under the display of this providence, because he 
 cannot remember the time, place, instruments, and 
 manner wherein, and by which conversion- work 
 was wrought, I will therefore premise this. neces- 
 sary distinction, to prevent injury to some, whilst 
 I design benefit to others. Conversion, as to the 
 subject of it, may be considered two'ways; either 
 as it is more sensibly wrought in persons of riper 
 years, who, in their youthful days, were more 
 profane and vile; or upon persons in their tender 
 years, into whose hearts grace was more insen- 
 
 sibly and indiscernibly instilled by God’s blessing 
 
62. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 upon pious education. In the former sort, the 
 distinct acts of the Spirit, as illuminating, convin- 
 cing, humbling, drawing them to Christ, and seal- 
 ing them, are more evident and discernible; in 
 the latter, more. obscure and confused, they can 
 remember that God gave them an esteem and 
 liking of godly persons, care of duty, and con- 
 science of sin; but as to the time, place, instru- 
 ments, and manner of the work, they can give 
 but a slender account of them. However, if the 
 work be savingly wrought in them, there ‘is no 
 reason they should be troubled because the cir- 
 cumstances of it are not so evident to them as they 
 are to others. Let the substance and ‘reality of 
 the work appear, and there is no reason to afflict 
 yourselves, because the evidence of such circum- 
 stances is wanting. 
 
 But, yet, where the circumstances as well as 
 substance are clear to men; when we can call to 
 remembrance the time when, the place where, the 
 instrument by whom that work was wrought, it 
 must needs be exceedingly sweet; and they can- 
 not but yield a fresh delight to the soul, every 
 time they are reflected upon. : 
 
 There are many of the following occasions 
 which, it may be, we took for stragglers, when 
 they first befell us; but they proved scouts sent 
 out from the main body of providence, which they 
 make way for. 
 
 Now there are divers things in those providences, 
 that are connected with this work, are exceedingly 
 sweet and taking; as, ; 
 
 1. The wonderful strangeness and unaccounta- 
 bleness of this work of Providence in casting us 
 into the way, and ordering the occasions, yea, the 
 minutest circumstances about this work. This 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 63 
 
 you find in Acts vill. 26—30, &c. The eunuch, 
 at that very instant when he was reading the pro- 
 phet Isaiah, hath an interpreter, one among a thou- 
 sand, that joins his chariot just as his mind was, 
 by a fit occasion, prepared to receive the first light 
 of the knowledge of Christ. 
 
 And how strange was that change, how far so- 
 ever it went, upon Naaman the Syrian! recorded 
 2 Kings v. 1—4, that the Syrians, in their incur- 
 sions, should bring away this girl, (likely her 
 beauty was the inducement,) and she must be pre- 
 sented to Naaman’s wife, and relate to her the 
 power of God, that accompanied the prophet; 
 though you find in that particular case there had 
 never been an instance given before, Luke iv. 27, 
 Doubtless the whole of this affair was guided by 
 the signal direction‘of Providence. 
 
 So for the conversion of the Samaritans it is ob- 
 served, John iv. 4, Christ must needs go that way, 
 because it lay just in the road betwixt Judea and 
 Galilee, and that at the sixth hour, that is, high 
 noon, he rests himself upon Jacob’s well, still 
 seeming to have no other design but his own re- 
 freshment, by sitting and drinking there; but, oh! 
 what a train of blessed providences follows this, 
 which seemed but an accidental thing! First, the 
 woman of Samaria, and then, many more in that 
 city, are brought to ‘believe in Christ, as you find 
 in ver. 29 and 41. 
 
 It is noted by Melchior Adam, in the life of Ju- 
 nius, how very an atheist he grew in his younger 
 years ;. but, in order to his conversion to God, first 
 a wonderful preservation of his life, in a public tu- 
 mult at Lyons, in France, must make way, which 
 forces from him the acknowledgment of a Deity; 
 
64. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 then his father sends for him home, and with much 
 gentleness perstiades him to read the Seriptures; 
 he lights upon the first of John, and with it, he 
 sensibly feels a divine, supernatural majesty and 
 power seizing his soul, which brought him over 
 by a complete conversion to Jesus Christ. ‘Thus, 
 as the woman of ‘Fekoa told David, ‘doth God 
 devise means to bring back his banished.”’ 
 
 Lavater tells us, that many Spanish soldiers, 
 going into the wars of Germany, were there con- 
 verted to Christ, by falling into the cities and towns 
 inhabited by godly ministers and ‘Christians. 
 
 Mr. Robert Bolton, though an excellent scholar, 
 yet in his younger years was a very itreligious 
 person, and a jeerer of holy men; but, being cast 
 into the company of the godly Mr. Peacock, was, 
 by him, brought to repentance, and proved a fa- 
 mous instrument in the church of Christ. 
 
 A scrap of paper accidentally coming to view 
 hath been used as an oceasion of conversion. ‘This 
 was the case of a minister in Wales, who had two 
 livings, but took little care of either. He being at 
 a fair, bought something at a pedlar’s standing, and 
 rent off a leaf of Mr. Perkin’s catechism to wrap 
 it in, and reading a line.or two in it, God set it 
 home so as it did the work. : 
 
 The marriage of a godly man, into a carnal fa- 
 mily, hath been ordered by, Providence for the con- 
 version and salvation of many therein. Thus we 
 read, in the life of that renowned English worthy, 
 Mr. John Bruen, that, in his second match, it was 
 agreed that he should have one year’s diet in his 
 mother-in-law’s house; during his abode there that 
 year, (saith Mr. Clark,) the Lord was pleased, by 
 his means, graciously to work upon her soul, as 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 65 
 
 also upon his wife’s sister, and half sister, their 
 brothers, Mr. William and Mr. Thomas Fox, with 
 one or two of the servants in that family. 
 
 The reading of a good book hath been the means 
 of bringing others to Christ. And thus we find 
 many of the German divines converted by reading 
 Luther’s books. Yea, and what is more strange, 
 Mr. Sleyden, in his Commentary, tells us, that 
 Vergerius, though he were present an eye and ear 
 witness to that doleful case of Spira, which one 
 would think should move a stone, yet still conti- 
 nued so firm to the pope’s interest, that when he 
 fell into some suspicion among the cardinals, he 
 resolved to purge himself by writing a book against 
 the German apostates ; but, whilst he read the pro- 
 testant books, out of no other design but to confute 
 them, whilst he is weighing the arguments, is him- 
 self convinced and brought to Christ. He, finding 
 himself thus overcome by the truth, imparts his 
 conviction to his brother, a zealous papist also; 
 this brother deplores the misery of his case, and 
 seeks to reclaim him; but Vergerius, entreating him 
 to weigh well the protestant arguments, he also 
 yields; and so both immediately betook them- 
 selves to preach justification, by the free grace of 
 God, through the blood of Christ. 
 
 Yea, not only the reading of a book, or hearing 
 ofa minister, but, which is most remarkable, the 
 very mistake or forgetfulness of a minister hath 
 been improved by Providence for this end and pur- 
 pose. Augustine, once preaching to his congre- 
 gation, forgot the argument which he first pro- 
 posed, and fell upon the errors of the Manichees, 
 beside his first intention; by which discourse, he 
 converted one Firmus, his auditor, who fell down 
 at his feet weeping, and confessing he had lived a 
 
66 -. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 Manichee many years. Another I knew, who, 
 going to preach, took up another Bible than that he 
 designed, in which, not only missing his notes, but 
 the chapter also in which his text lay, was put to 
 some loss thereby; but, after a short pause, he 
 resolved to speak to any other Scripture that might 
 be presented to him, and accordingly, read the text, 
 ‘¢The Lord is not slack concerning his promise,”’ 
 2 Pet. iii. 9, and though he had nothing prepared, 
 yet the Lord helped him to speak both methodi- 
 cally and pertinently from it; by which discourse 
 a gracious change was wrought upon one in the 
 congregation, who hath since given good evidence 
 of a sound conversion, and acknowledged this ser- 
 mon to be the first and only means thereof. 
 
 The accompanying of others, in a neighbourly, 
 civil visit, hath been overruled to the same end. 
 Thus many of the Jews accompanied: Mary into 
 Bethany, designing only to manifest their civil re- 
 spect, but there they met Christ, saw the things 
 which he did, and believed on him, John xi. 45. 
 
 Mr. Firmin, in his ** Real Christian,’’ tells us 
 of one who had lived many years in a town where 
 Christ had been as clearly and as long preached as 
 in any town in\England. ‘This man, when he 
 was about seventy-six years of age, went to visita 
 sick neighbour. ‘*A Christian friend of mine,”’ 
 saith my author ‘‘ came to see him also; and find- 
 ing this old man there, whom we judged to be one 
 that lived upon his own stock, civility, good works, 
 &c., he purposely fell into that discourse, to show 
 how many persons lived upon their duties, but 
 never came to Christ. ‘The old man, sitting by 
 the bed-side, heard him, and God was pleased to 
 convince him, that he was such a person, who had 
 lived upon himself, without Christ, to that day ; 
 
THE MYSTERY .OF PROVIDENCE. 67 
 
 and would say afterwards, had I died before three- 
 score and sixteen, I had perished, for I knew not 
 Christ.” 
 
 The committing of a godly man to:prison hath 
 been the method of Providence to save the soul of 
 a poor keeper. So Paul was made a prisoner, to 
 make his keeper a spiritual freeman, Acts xvi. 27. 
 The like success had Dr. Barnes, in Queen Mary’s 
 days, who celebrated the Lord’s Supper in prison 
 with his converted keeper. 
 
 The scattering of ministers and Christians, by 
 persecution, from cities and towns, into the igno- 
 rant and barbarous parts of the country, hath been 
 the way of Providence to find out and bring home 
 some lost sheep that were found there to Jesus 
 Christ, Acts viii. 1. 4. The like signal event hath 
 since followed upon the like scattering of godly 
 ministers, whereof there are many pregnant in- 
 stances at this day. 
 
 A servant running away from his master, likely 
 upon no other design but to live an idle life, yet 
 falling into such places and companies as Provi- 
 dence ordered in a design to him unknown, hath 
 thereby been brought to be the servant of Christ. 
 This was the very case of Onesimus, who ran 
 away from his master Philemon, to Rome, where, 
 by a strange providence, (possibly a mere curiosity 
 to see the “prisoners,) he falls into Paul’s hands, 
 who begat him to Christ in his bonds, Philemon, 
 10—16. 
 
 Going to hear a sermon in jest hath proved 
 some men’s conversion in earnest. ‘The above- 
 named Mr. Firman, in the fore-cited book, tells us 
 of a notorious drunkard, whom the drunkards call- 
 ed father, that one day would needs go to hear 
 what Wilson said, out of no other design, it seems, 
 
68 DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 but to scoff at that holy man: but, in the prayer 
 before sermon, his heart began to thaw, and when 
 he read his text, which was, ‘* Sin no more, lest a 
 worse thing come unto thee,’ John v. 14, he 
 could not contain; and in that sermon the Lord 
 changed his heart, though so bitter an enemy, that 
 the minister, on lecture days, was afraid to go to 
 church before his shop door. ‘“ Lo, these are parts 
 of his ways, but how small a portion is known of 
 him !”’ a 
 
 The dropping of some grave and weighty word, 
 accidentally, in the presence of vain, carnal per- 
 sons; the death of a husband, wife, or child; a fit 
 of sickness, with a thousand other such like occa- 
 sions, have been thus improved, by Providence, 
 to the conversion of souls. 
 
 And no less remarkable and wonderful are the 
 designs of Providence, in ordering the removes, 
 and governing the motions of ministers, from place 
 to place, in order unto the conversion of souls. 
 Thus, oftentimes, it carries them to places where 
 they intended not to go; God having, unknown 
 to them, some elect vessels there, who must be 
 called by the gospel. ; 
 
 Thus Paul and Timothy, a sweet and lovely 
 pair, when they were travelling through Phrygia 
 and Galatia, were forbid to preach the word in 
 Asia, to which probably their minds inclined, Acts 
 xvi. 6, and when they essayed to go into Bithynia, 
 the Spirit suffered them not, ver, 7, but a man of 
 Macedonia, that is an angel in the shape or habit 
 ofa man of that country, appeared to Paul ina 
 vision, and prayed him, saying, ‘* Come over into 
 Macedonia, and help us,” ver. 9, and there did 
 God open the heart of Lydia, 
 
 I knew a pious minister, now with God, who, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 69 
 
 falling in his study upon a very rousing subject, 
 intended for his own congregation, was strongly 
 moved, when he had finished it, to go to a rude, 
 vile, profane people, about five miles off, and first 
 preach it to them. After many- wrestlings. with 
 himself, not being willing to. quench any motion 
 that might be supposed to come from the Spirit of 
 God, he obeyed’and. went to this people, who had 
 then no minister of their own, and few durst come 
 among them; and there did the Lord, beyond all 
 expectation, open a door, and several profane ones 
 received Christ in that place, and engaged this 
 minister to a weekly lecture among them, in which 
 many souls were won to God. ys 
 
 ‘T’he same holy man, at another time, being upon 
 a journey, passed by a company of vain persons, 
 who were wrestling upon a green near the road ; 
 and just as he came against the place, one of them 
 had thrown his antagonist, and stood triumphing 
 in his strength and activity: This good man rode 
 up to them, and turning his speech to this person, 
 told him, Friend, I see you are a strong man, but 
 let not the strong man glory in his strength: you 
 must know, that. you are not to wrestle with flesh 
 and blood, but with principalities and powers, and 
 spiritual wickednesses: how sad’ will it be, that 
 Satan should at last trip up the heels of your hope, 
 and give you an eternal overthrow! And, after 
 about a quarter of an hour’s serious discourse. upon 
 this subject, he left them, and went on his jour- 
 ney ; but this discourse made such an impression, 
 that the person had no rest till he opened his trou- 
 ble to a godly minister, who, wisely following the 
 work upon his soul, saw at last the blessed issue ' 
 thereof in the gracious change of the person, 
 whereof he afterwards gave the minister a joyful 
 
 ‘ 
 
70 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 account. Oh! how unsearchable are the methods 
 of Providence in this matter. | 
 
 Nay, what is yet, more wonderful, the provi- 
 dence of God hath sometimes ordered the very 
 malice of Satan and the wickedness of men, as an 
 occasion of eternal good to their souls. A very 
 memorable example whereof I shall here give the 
 reader, faithfully relating what not many years 
 past fell out in my own observation in this place, 
 to the astonishment of many spectators. 
 
 In the year 1673, there came into this port* a 
 ship of Poole, in her return from Virginia; in 
 which ship was one of that place, a lusty young 
 man, of twenty-three years of age, who was sur- 
 geon in the ship. ‘This person, in the voyage, fell 
 into a deep melancholy, which the devil greatly 
 improved, to serve his own design for the ruin of 
 this poor man; however, it pleased the Lord to 
 restrain him from any attempts upon. his own life, 
 until he arrived here. But, shortly after his arri- 
 val, upon the Lord’s day, early in the morning, 
 being in bed with his brother, he took.a knife pre- 
 pared for that purpose, and cut his own throat, 
 and withal leaped out of the bed; and though the 
 wound was deep and large, yet thinking it might 
 not soon enough despatch his wretched life, des- 
 perately thrust it into his stomach, and so lay wal- 
 lowing in his own blood, till his brother awaking, 
 made a cry for help: hereupon a physician and a 
 surgeon coming in, found the wound in his throat 
 mortal; and all they could do at present was only 
 to stitch it, and apply a plaster, with a design 
 rather to enable him to speak for a little while, 
 than with any expectation of cure; for, before that, 
 
 * Dartmouth. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 71 
 
 he breathed through the wound, and his voice was 
 inarticulate. 
 
 In this condition, I found him that morning, and 
 apprehending him to be within a few minutes of 
 eternity, I laboured. to work upon his heart the 
 sense of his condition, telling him I had but little 
 time to do any thing for him, and therefore desired 
 him to let me know what his own apprehensions 
 of his present condition were. He told me, he 
 hoped in God for eternal life. I replied, that I 
 feared his hopes were ungrounded, for that the 
 Scripture tells us, ‘* No murderer hath eternal life 
 abiding in him,” and insisting upon the aggrava- 
 tion and heinousness of the fact, I perceived his 
 vain confidence began to fall, and some meltings 
 of heart appeared in him., He then began to la- 
 ment, with many tears, his sin and misery, and 
 asked me if there might yet. be hope for one that 
 had destroyed himself, and shed his own blood. I 
 replied, The sin indeed is great, but not unpardon- 
 able; and if the Lord gave him repentance unto 
 life, and faith to apply to Jesus Christ, it should 
 be certainly pardoned to him; and, finding him 
 unacquainted with these things, I opened to him 
 the nature and necessity of faith and repentance, 
 which he greedily sucked in, and with great vehe- 
 mency cried to God that he would work them upon 
 his soul, and entreated me also to pray with him, 
 and for him, that it might be so. I prayed with 
 him, and the Lord thawed his heart exceedingly 
 in that duty : loth he was to part with me; but the 
 duties of the day necessitating me to leave him, I 
 briefly summed up what.was most necessary in 
 my parting counsel to him, and took my leave, 
 never expecting to see him more in this world. 
 
te DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 But beyond my own, and all men’s expectations, 
 he continued all that day, and panted most ardent- 
 ly after Jesus Christ; no discourses pleased him 
 but Christ and faith; and in: this frame I found 
 _ him in the evening. He rejoiced greatly to see 
 _ me again, and entreated me to continue my dis- 
 
  eourses upon these subjects ; and, after all, he told 
 me, Sir, the Lord hath given me repentance for 
 
 this sin; yea, and for every other sin. I see the 
 evil of sin now, so as 1 never.saw it before. Oh! 
 I loathe myself; Iam a vile creature in my own 
 eyes; I do also believe; ‘* Lord, help my unbe- 
 lief.’ Tam heartily. willing to take Christ upon 
 his own terms. One thing only troubles me, I 
 doubt this bloody sin will not be pardoned. Will 
 Jesus Christ, saith he, apply his blood to me, that 
 have shed my own blood? I told him, Christ 
 shed his blood even for them that with wicked 
 hands had shed the blood of Christ; and that was 
 asin of deeper guilt than his. Well, saith he, I 
 will cast myself upon Christ; let him do by me 
 what he will. And so I parted with him that 
 night. 
 
 Next morning, the wounds were to be opened ; 
 and then the opinion of the surgeons was, he 
 would immediately expire. 
 
 Accordingly, at his desire, I came that morning, 
 and found him ina most serious frame. I prayed 
 with him, aud then the wound in his stomach was 
 opened, but, by this time, the ventricle itself was 
 swollen out of the orifice of the wound, and lay 
 like a livid, discoloured tripe upon the body, and 
 was also cut through; so that all concluded it was 
 impossible for him to live ; however, they stitched 
 the wound in the stomach, enlarged the orifice, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 73 
 
 and fomented it, and wrought. it again into his 
 body, and so stitching up the skin, left him to the 
 disposal of Providence. 
 
 But so it was, that-both the deep wound in his 
 throat, and this in-his stomach, healed; and the 
 more dangerous wound sin had made upon his 
 soul, was, 1 trust, effectually healed also. I spent 
 many hours with him in that sickness; and, after 
 his return home, received this account, from Mr. 
 Samuel Hardy, a minister in that town; part 
 whereof I shall transcribe. . 
 
 “© Dear Sir:—I was much troubled at the sad 
 providence in your town, but did much rejoice 
 that he fell into such hands for his body and soul. 
 You have taken much pains with him, and, I 
 hope, to good purpose. ° I think, if ever a great 
 and thorough work were done in such a way, it is 
 now; .and if never the like, I am persuaded now 
 it is. » Never grow weary of such good works. 
 One such instance is, methinks, enough to make 
 you to abound in the work of the Lord all your 
 days,”’ &e. 
 
 Oh, how unsearchable are the ways of Provi- 
 dence in leading men to Christ! Let none be en- 
 couraged by this to sin, that grace may abound. 
 ‘These are rare and singular instances of the mercy 
 of God, and such as no presumptuous sinner ‘can 
 expect to find. It is only recited here to the hon- 
 our of Providence, which works for the recovery 
 of sinners in ways that we understand not. Oh, 
 what a fetch hath Providence beyond our under- 
 standings ! 
 
 2. And as Providence orders very strange occa- 
 sions to awaken and rouse our souls at first, so it 
 works no less wonderfully in carrying on the 
 work to perfection; and this it doth two ways: 
 
 ri 
 
74. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 (1.) By quickening and reviving dying convic- 
 tions and troubles for sin. Souls, after their first 
 awakening, are apt to lose the sense and impres- 
 sion of their first troubles for sin; but Providence 
 is vigilant to prevent it, and doth effectually pre- 
 vent it, sometimes by directing the minister to 
 somé discourse or passage that shall fall as pat as 
 if the case of such a person had been studied by 
 him, and designedly spoken to. How often have 
 I found this in the cases of many souls, who have 
 professed they have stood amazed to hear the very 
 thoughts of their hearts discovered by the preacher, 
 who knew nothing of them! Sometimes by direct- 
 ing them to some proper rousing Scripture that 
 suits their present case ; and sometimes by suffer- 
 ing them to fali into some new sin, which shall 
 awaken all their former troubles again, and put a 
 new efficacy and activity into the conscience. ‘The 
 world is full of instances of all these cases, and 
 because most Christians have experience of these 
 things in themselves, it will be needless to recite 
 them here. Search but few years back, and you 
 may remember that, according to this account, at 
 least in some particulars, Providence ordered the 
 matter with you. Have you not found some rod 
 or other prepared by Providence to rouse you out 
 of your security? Why this isso common a thing 
 with Christians, that they many times presage an 
 affliction coming from the frames they find their 
 own hearts in. 
 
 (2.) It gives also great assistance to the work 
 of the Spirit upon the soul, by ordering, support- 
 ing, relieving, and cheering means, to prop up and 
 comfort the soul, when it is overburdened, and 
 ready to sink in the deeps of troubles. I remem- 
 ber Mr. Bolton gives us one instance which fits 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 715 
 
 both these cases, the reviving of convictions, and 
 seasonable supports in the deeps of troubles; and 
 it is of a person that, by convictions, had been 
 fetched off from his wicked companions, and en- 
 tered into a'reformed course of life; but after this, 
 through the enticement of his old companions, the 
 subtlety of Satan, and corruption of his own heart, 
 did again relapse into the ways of sin: then was 
 providentially brought to his. view that Scripture, 
 Prov. i. 24—26, é&c.: this renewed his trouble, 
 yea, aggravated it to a greater height than ever, 
 insomuch that he could scarcely think, as it seems 
 by the relation, his sin could be pardoned. But, 
 in this plunge, the following text was presented to 
 him, which sweetly settled him in a sure and glo- 
 rious peace. ‘And if he trespass against thee 
 seven times in a day, and seven times ina day 
 turn again to thee, saying, I repent; thou shalt 
 forgive him,’’ Luke xvii. 4. 
 
 Nor can we here forget that miraculous work of 
 Providence, in a time of great extremity, which 
 was wrought for that good gentlewoman, Mrs. 
 Honey wood, and is somewhere mentioned by the 
 same author, who, under a deep and sad desertion, 
 refused and put off all comfort, seeming to despair 
 utterly of the grace and merey of God. A worthy 
 minister being one day with her, and reasoning 
 against her desperate conclusions, she took a Ve- 
 nice glass from the table, and said, Sir, Iam as 
 sure to be damned as this glass is to be broken, 
 and therewith threw it forcibly to the ground; 
 but, to the astonishment of both, the glass re- 
 mained whole and sound, which the minister 
 taking up with admiration, rebuked her presump- 
 tion, and showed her what a wonder Providence 
 had wrought for her ‘satisfaction, and it greatly 
 
76 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 altered the temper of her mind. ‘* Oh how un- 
 searchable are his judgments! and his ways past 
 finding out!’’ Rom. xi. 33. ‘Lo! these are parts 
 of his ways; but how small a portion do we know 
 of him!’ Job. xxvi. 14. 
 
 And now suffer me to expostulate a little with 
 thy soul, reader. Hast thou been duly sensible of 
 thy obligation to Providence for this inestimable 
 favour? Oh what hath it done for thee! there 
 are divers kinds of mercies conveyed to men by 
 the hand of Providence, but none like this; in all 
 the treasury of its benefits, none is found like this. 
 Did it cast thee into the way of conversion, and 
 order the means and occasions of it for thee, when 
 thou little thoughtest of any such thing? How 
 dear and sweet should the remembrance of it be to 
 thy soul! Methinks it should astonish and melt 
 you every time you reflect upon it. Such mercies 
 should’ never grow stale, or look Jike common 
 things to you: for, do but consider the following 
 particulars: 
 
 [1.] How surprising the mercy was which it 
 performed for you in that day. Providence had 
 a design upon you for your eternal good, which 
 you understood not. The time of mercy was now 
 fully come; the decree was now ready to bring 
 forth that mercy with which it had gone big from 
 eternity; and its gracious design must be executed 
 by the hand of Providence, so far as concerned the 
 external means and instruments; and how aptly 
 did it cause all things to fall in with that design, 
 though you knew not the meaning of it! Look 
 over all the before-mentioned examples, and you 
 shall see the blessed work of conversion begun 
 upon those souls, when they minded it no more 
 than Saul did a kingdom that morning he went out 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, Tr 
 
 to seek his father’s asses, 1 Sam. ix. 3. 20. Pro- 
 vidence might truly have said to you in that day, 
 as Christ said to Peter, «* What J do thou knowest 
 not now, but hereafter thou shalt know it,’? John 
 xiil. 7. ‘* God’s thoughts are not.as our thoughts; 
 but, as the heavens are higher than the earth, so 
 are his thoughts higher than ours, and his ways 
 than our ways,” Isa. lv. 8, 9. Little did Zac- 
 cheus think, when he climbed up into the sycamore 
 tree to see Christ as he passed that way, what-a 
 design of mercy Christ had upon him,-who took 
 thence the occasion -of becoming both his: guest 
 and Saviour, Luke xix. 5—10. And as little did 
 some of you think, what the aim of Providence 
 was when you went, some out of custom, others 
 out of curiosity, if not worse ends, to hear such a 
 sermon. Oh how stupendous are the ways of 
 God! ? | 
 
 [2.] What a distinguishing and seasonable 
 merey was ushered in by Providence on that day. 
 It brought you to the means of salvation in a good 
 hour. At that very point of time, when the angel 
 troubled the waters, you were brought to the pool; 
 to allude to that, John v. 4. Now the accepted 
 day was come, the Spirit was in the ordinance; or 
 providence, that converted you, and you were set 
 in the way of.it. It may be, you had heard many 
 hundred sermons. before, but nothing would stick 
 till now, because the hour was not come. ‘The 
 Lord did, as it were, call in the word for such a 
 man, such a woman; and Providence said, Lord, 
 here he is! I have brought him before thee! 
 ‘There were many others under that sermon, who 
 received no such mercy. You yourselves have 
 heard many before, but not to that advantage as it 
 is said, Luke iv. 27. ‘* There were many lepers 
 
78 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 in Israel in the days of Eliseus, but to none of 
 them was the prophet sent, save unto Naaman, the 
 Syrian.’’? So there were many poor, unconverted 
 souls beside you under the word that day, and it 
 may be, io none of them was salvation sent that 
 day but to you. Oh blessed Providence! that set 
 you in the way of mercy at that time! | 
 
 What a weighty and important mercy was pro- 
 videntially directed to your souls that day. ‘There 
 are mercies of all sizes and kinds, in the hands of 
 Providence, to dispense to the sons of men: its 
 left hand is full of blessing, as well as its right. 
 It hath health and riches, honours and pleasures, 
 as well as Christ and salvation, to dispense. ‘The 
 world is full of its left-hand favours ; but the bless- 
 ings of its right-hand are invaluably precious, and 
 few there be that receive them. It doth thousands 
 of kind offices for men; but among them all, this 
 is the chief—to lead and direct them to Christ. 
 For, consider, 1. Of all mercies this comes through 
 most and greatest difficulties, Eph. i. 19, 20. 
 2. This is a spiritual mercy, excelling, in dignity 
 of nature, all others, more than gold excels the dirt 
 under your feet, Rev. ili. 18. One such gift is 
 worth thousands of other mercies. 3. This is a 
 mercy immediately flowing out of the fountain of 
 God’s electing love,.a mercy never dropped into 
 any but an elect vessel, 1 Thess. i. 4,5. 4. This 
 is a mercy that infallibly secures salvation; for, as 
 we may argue from conversion to election, looking 
 back; so from conversion to: salvation, looking 
 forward, Heb. vi. 9. 5. This is an eternal mercy, 
 that which will stick by you when your father, 
 mother, wife, children, estate, honour, health, and 
 life shall fail you, John iv. 14, 
 
 O, therefore, set a special mark upon that provi- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 79 
 
 dence that set -you in the way of this mercy. It 
 hath performed that for thee, which all the minis- 
 ters on earth and angels in heaven could never 
 have performed. ‘This is a mercy that puts weight 
 and value into the smallest circumstance that re- 
 lates to it. 
 
 V. Thus you hear how instrumental Providence 
 hath been in ordering the means and occasions of 
 the greatest mercies for your souls. Let us now 
 take into consideration another excellent perform- 
 ance of Providence, respecting the good of your 
 bodies and souls too, in respect of that employment 
 and calling it ordered for you in this world; for it 
 hath not only an eye upon your well-being in the 
 world to come, but upon your well-being in this 
 world also, and that very much depends upon the 
 station and vocation to which it calls you. 
 
 Now, the providence of God, with respect to 
 our worldly callings, may be displayed very ta- 
 kingly ia the following particulars. sf 
 
 1. In directing you to a calling in your youth, 
 and not suffering you to live an idle, useless, and 
 sinful life, as many do, who are but burthens to the 
 earth, the wens of the body politic, serving only to 
 _ disfigure and drain it, to eat what others earn. Sin 
 
 brought in sweat, Gen. iii. 19.. But now not to 
 Sweat increaseth sin, 2 Thess. iii. 12. He that 
 lives idly, cannot live honestly, as is plainly enough 
 intimated, 1 Thess. iv. 11, 12.. But when God 
 puts men into a lawful calling, wherein the labour 
 of their hands or heads is sufficient for them, it is 
 a very valuable mercy, for thereby they eat their 
 own bread, 2 ‘Thess. iii. 12.. Many a sad tempta- 
 tion is happily prevented; and they are ordinarily 
 furnished by it for works of mercy to others: and 
 surely it is more blessed to give than. receive. 
 
80 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 2. In ordering you to such callings and employ- 
 ments, in the world, as are not only Jawful in them- 
 selves, but most suitable to you. ‘There be many 
 persons employed in sinful trades and arts, merely 
 to furnish other men’s lusts: they do not only sin 
 in their employments, but their very employments 
 are sinful; they trade for hell, and. are factors for 
 the devil. Demetrius and the craftsmen of Ephe- 
 sus got their estates by making shrines for Diana, 
 Acts xix. 24, 25; that is, little cases or boxes, with 
 folding leaves, within which the image of that idol 
 sat enshrined. ‘These were carried about by the 
 people in procession, in honour of their idol. And 
 at this day, how many wicked arts and employ- 
 ments are there invented, and multitudes~of per- 
 sons maintained by them, merely to gratify the 
 pride and wantonness of a debauched age! 
 
 Now, to have an honest, lawful employment, 
 
 wherein you do not dishonour God in benefitting” 
 
 yourselves, is no small mercy. But if it be not 
 only lawful in itself, but suited to your genius and 
 strength, there is.a double mercy init. Some poor 
 creatures are engaged in callings that eat up their 
 time and strength, and make their lives. very un- 
 
 comfortable to them: they have not only spending: 
 
 and. wasting employments in the world, but such 
 as allow little or no time for their general calling; 
 and yet all this doth but keep them and theirs alive, 
 Therefore, if God hath fitted you with an honest 
 employment, wherein you have less toil than others, 
 and more time for heavenly exercises, aseribe this 
 benefit to the special care of Providence for you; 
 3.In settling you in such an employment and 
 calling in the world, as possibly neither you nor 
 your parents could ever expect you should ever 
 arrive at. ‘There are among us such persons as, on 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 8] 
 
 this account, are signally obliged to divine Provi- 
 dence. God hath put them into such a way, as 
 neither they nor their parents ever projected. For, 
 look, as the needle in the’ compass turns now this 
 way, then that way, and-never ceases moving till 
 it settle to the north point, just so itis in our settle- 
 ments in this world. A child is now designed for 
 this, then for that, but at last settles in»that way of 
 employment which Providence designed him to. 
 How strangely are things wheeled about by Pro- 
 vidence! Not what we, or our parents, but what 
 God designed shall take place. Amos was very 
 meanly employed at first, but God designed him 
 for a more honourable and comfortable calling, 
 Amos vil. 14, 15. David followed the ewes, and 
 likely never raised his thoughts to higher things in 
 the days of his youth ; but God made him the royal 
 shepherd of a better flock, Psal. xxviii. 70, 71. 
 Peter and Andrew were employed as fishermen, 
 but Christ called them from that to a higher calling, 
 to be fishers of men, Matt, iv. 18, 19.  Pareus, 
 when he was fourteen years old, was, by the in- 
 Stigation of his step-mother, placed with an apothe- 
 cary ; but Providence so wrought that he was taken 
 off from that, and fitted for the ministry, wherein” 
 he became a fruitful and eminent instrument to the 
 church. James Andreas was, by reason of his 
 father’s inability to keep him at school, designed 
 for a carpenter; but was afterwards, by the per- 
 suasion of his friends, and assistance of the church 
 stock, sent to Stutgard, and thence to the univer- 
 sity, and so arrived at a very eminent station of 
 service in the church. A master builder, Gicolam- 
 padius, was, by his father, designed for a merchant ; 
 but his mother, by earnest entreaties, prevailed to 
 keep him at school; and this man was a blessed. 
 3 
 
82 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 instrument in the reformation of religion. I might 
 easily cite multitudes of such instances, but a few 
 specimens may suffice. 
 
 4. In securing your estates from ruin, * Hast 
 thou not made an hedge about him, and all that. he 
 hath?” Job i. 10... ‘This is the inclosure of Provi- 
 dence, which secures to us what, by its favour, we 
 acquire in the way of honest industry. : 
 
 5. In making your calling sufficient for you. It 
 was the prayer of Moses for the tribe of Judah, 
 ‘‘Let his hands be sufficient for him,’ Deut. 
 XXxill. 7, and it is no small mercy if yours be so to 
 you. Some there be that have work, but not 
 strength to go through with it; others have strength, 
 but no employment for it: some have hands and 
 work for them, but is not sufficient for them and 
 theirs. If God bless your labour, so as to give you 
 and yours necessary supports and comfort in the 
 world by it, it is a choice providence, and with all 
 thankfulness to be acknowledged. 
 
 If any that fear God should complain, That 
 ‘although they have a calling, yet it is a hard, la- 
 ‘borious one, which takes up too much of their 
 ‘time, which they would gladly employ in other and 
 better work, I answer, 1. It is likely the wisdom 
 ‘of Providence foresaw this to be the most suitable 
 and proper employment for you; and, if you had 
 more ease and rest, you might have more tempta- 
 tions than now you have. ‘The strength and time 
 ‘which are now taken up in your daily labours, 
 wherein you serve God, might otherwise have been 
 spent upon such lusts wherein you might have 
 served the devil. 2. Hereby it may be your health 
 ‘is the better preserved, and natural refreshments 
 made the sweeter to you: ‘The sleep of a labour- 
 ing man is sweet to him, whether he eat little or 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 83 
 
 much ; but the abundance of the rich will not suffer 
 him to-sleep,” ‘Hecl. v.12: 8. And as to the ser- 
 vice of God, if your hearts be spiritual, you may 
 enjoy much communion with God in your very 
 employments, and you have some intervals and 
 respites for that purpose. Have you not more 
 spare hours than you employ to that end ? 
 
 But you may complain, All my labour will 
 scarcely suflice to procure me and mine the neces- 
 saries of life. Iam kept short and low to what 
 Others are; and this is a sad affliction. 
 
 Though the wisdom of Providence hath ordered 
 you a lower and poorer condition than others, yet, 
 1. Consider how many are lower than you in the 
 world; you have but little of the world, yet others 
 have less. Read the description of thosé persons, 
 Job xxx. 4. &c. 2. If God hath given you but a 
 small portion of the world, yet, if you be godly, 
 he hath promised never to forsake you, Heb. xiii, 
 5. 3. Providence hath ordered that condition for 
 you which is really best for your eternal good. If 
 you had more of the world than you have, your 
 heads and hearts might not be able to manage it to 
 your advantage. A small boat must have but a 
 narrow sail. You have not wanted hitherto the 
 necessaries of life, and are commanded, « having 
 food and raiment,” though none of the finest, ‘to 
 be therewith content.” «+A little, thata righteous 
 man hath, is better than the riches of many wick- 
 ed,” Psal. xxxvii. 16; better in the acquisition, 
 Sweeter in the fruition, and more comfortable in 
 the account. 
 
 Well then, if Providence hath so disposed of you 
 all, that you can eat your own bread, and so ad- 
 vantageously directed some of you to employ- 
 ments, that afford not only necessaries for your- 
 
84. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 selves and families, but an overplus for works of 
 mercy to others, and all this brought about for you 
 in a way you did not project, let God be owned 
 aud honoured in this providence. Will you not 
 henceforth call him, ** My Father, the Guide of 
 my youth?” as it is Jer. iil. 4. Surely it was the 
 Lord who guided you to settle as you did in those 
 days of your youth. You reap at this day, and 
 may to your last day, the fruits of those early pro- 
 vidences in your youth. 
 
 Now see that you walk answerable to the obli- 
 _ gations of Providence in this particular ; and see 
 to itin the fear of God, that you abuse not any 
 of those things to his dishonour, which it hath 
 wrought for your comfort. ‘T'o prevent which I 
 will here drop a few needful cautions, and shut up 
 this particular. 
 
 (1.) Be not slothful and idle in your vocations. 
 It is said Augustus builtan Apragapolis, a city void 
 of business; but I am sure God never erected any 
 city, town, or family, to that end. The command 
 to Adam, Gen. iii. 19, no doubt reaches all his 
 posterity ; and gospel-commands back and second 
 it upon Christians. . ** Not slothful in business,”’ 
 Rom. xii. 11, and 2 Thess. iii. 11. If you be 
 negligent, you cannot be innocent. And yet, 
 
 (2.) Be not so intent upon your particular call- 
 ings as to-make them interfere with your general 
 calling. Beware you lose not your God in the 
 crowd and hurry of earthly business. Mind that 
 solemn warning, ‘But they that will be rich, fall 
 into temptation, anda snare, and into many foolish 
 and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction 
 and perdition,” 1 ‘Tim. vi. 9. ‘The inhabitants of 
 (Enock, a dry island, near Athens, bestowed much 
 labour to draw in a river to water it, and make it 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 85 
 
 fruitful; but, when the sluices were opened, the 
 waters flowed so abundantly, that)it overflowed 
 the island, and drowned the inhabitants. . ‘The ap- 
 plication is obvious. It was an excellent saying 
 of Seneca, I do not give, but lend myself to busi- 
 ness. ' 
 
 _ (3.) Remember, always, that the success of 
 your callings and earthly employments is, by the 
 divine blessing, not human diligence alone. * ‘Thou 
 shalt remember the Lord thy God ;: for it is he that 
 gave thee power to get wealth,’ Deut. viii. 18. 
 The devil himself was so far orthodox as to ac- 
 knowledge it: ‘Hast thou not made an hedge 
 about him, and about his house, and about all that 
 he hath on every side? thou hast blessed the work 
 of his hands,” &c. Jobi.10. Recommend, there- 
 fore, your affairs to God by prayer: « Delight 
 thyself also in the Lord, and he shall give thee the 
 desires of thine heart. Commit thy way unto the 
 Lord; trust also in him, and he shall bring it 
 to pass,’’ Psal. xxxvii. 4, 5, and touch not that 
 which you cannot recommend to God by prayer 
 for a blessing. 
 
 (4.) Be well satisfied in that station and employ- 
 ment in which Providence hath placed you, and 
 do not so much as wish yourselves in another. 
 ‘« Let every man abide in the same calling wherein 
 he was called,’’ 1 Cor. vii. 20. Providence is 
 wiser than you, and you may be confident hath 
 suited all things better to your eternal good than 
 you could do, had you been left to your own op- 
 tion. ! 
 
 VI. Thus you sée the care Providence hath had 
 over you in your youth, in respect to that worldly 
 employment to which it guided you in those days. 
 
 We will, in the next place, consider it as our 
 
86 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 guide, and the orderer of our relations for us. ‘That 
 Providence hath a special hand in this matter, is 
 evident, both from Scripture assertions, and the 
 acknowledgments of holy men, who, in that great 
 concern of their lives, have still owned and ‘ac- 
 knowledged the directing hand of Providence. 
 Take an instance of both. ‘The Scripture plainly 
 asserts the dominion of Providence over -this af- 
 fair. ‘A’ prudent wife is from the Lord,” Prov. 
 xix. 14, and ** Whoso findeth a wife, findeth a 
 good thing, and obtaineth favour of the Lord;” 
 Prov. xviii. 22; so for children, ‘‘ Lo children are 
 an heritage of the Lord; and the fruit of the womb 
 is his reward,”’ Psal. cxxvii. 3. 
 
 It hath ever been the practice of holy men to 
 seek the Lord, for direction and counsel, when 
 they have been upon the change of their condition. 
 No doubt Abraham’s encouragement in that case 
 was the fruit of prayer, Gen. xxiv. 7. His pious 
 servant also, who was employed in that affair, did 
 both earnestly seek counsel of God, ver. 12, and 
 thankfully acknowledged his gracious providence 
 in guiding it, ver. 26, 27. 
 
 The same we may observe in children, the fruit 
 of marriage, 1 Sam. i. 20, and Luke i. 13, 14. 
 Now the providence of God may be divers ways 
 displayed for the engaging of cur hearts in love to 
 the God of our mercies. 
 
 1. ‘There is very much of Providence seen in 
 appointing the parties for each other. In this the 
 Lord goes oftentimes beyond our thoughts and 
 projections; yea, and oftentimes crosses men’s 
 desires and designs to their great advantage. Not 
 what they fancy, but what his infinite wisdom 
 judges best and most beneficial for them, takes 
 place. Hence it is that probabilities are so often 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 87 
 
 dashed, and things remote, and utterly improbable, 
 are brought about in very strange and unaccount- 
 able methods of Providence. 
 
 2..There is much of Providence seen in the 
 harmony and agreeableness of tempers and dispo- 
 sitions; from whence a very great part of the tran- 
 quillity and comforts of our lives result; or, at least, 
 though natural tempers ‘and educations did not.so 
 much harmonize before, yet they did so after they 
 came under the ordinance of God, ‘They two 
 shall be one flesh,’’ Gen. ii. 24, not one only, in 
 respect of God’s institution, but one in respect of 
 love and affection, that those who so lately were 
 mere strangers to each other are now endeared to 
 a degree beyond the nearest relations in blood as 
 above. ‘For this cause shall a man leave father 
 and mother, and shall cleave to his wife, and they 
 two shall be one flesh,’’ Matt. xix. 5. 
 
 3. But especially Providence is remarkable in 
 making one instrumental to the eternal good of the 
 other. ‘* How knowest thou, O wife, but thou 
 mayest save thy husband? or, how knowest thou, 
 O man, whether thou shalt save thy wife ?”? 1 Cor. 
 vil. 16. Hence is that grave exhortation to the 
 wives of unbelieving husbands, 1 Pet. iii. 1, to 
 win them by their conversation, which should be 
 to them instead of an ordinance. 
 
 Or, if both be gracious, then what singular as- 
 sistance and mutual help is hereby gained to the 
 furtherance of their eternal good! While they 
 live together “as heirs of the grace of life,” 1 Pet. 
 ill. 7. Oh blessed Providence, that, directed such 
 into so intimate relation on earth, who shall inherit 
 together the common salvation in heaven ! 
 
 4. How much of Providence is seen in children, 
 the fruit of marriage! To have any posterity in 
 
88 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 the earth, and not be left altogether as a dry tree; 
 to have comfort and joy in them, is a special pro- 
 vidence, importing a special mercy to us. To 
 have the breaches made upon our families re- 
 paired, is a providence to be owned with a thank- 
 ful heart. When God ‘shall say to a man, as he 
 speaks, in another case, to the church, ‘* The 
 children which thou shalt have, after thou hast 
 lost the other, shall say again in thine ears, ‘The 
 place is too strait for me, &c. Isa. xlix. 20. 
 
 _ And these providences will appear more affect- 
 ingly sweet and lovely to you, if you but compare 
 its allotments to you with what it hath allotted to 
 many others in the world. For, do but. look 
 abroad, and you shall find multitudes unequally 
 yoked, to the embittering of their lives, whose re- 
 lations are clogs and hinderances, both in tempo- 
 rals and spirituals; yea, we find an account in 
 Scripture of gracious persons, a great part of 
 whose comfort, in this world, hath been split 
 upon this rock. Abigail was a discreet and vir- 
 tuous woman, but very unsuitably matched to the 
 churlish Nabal, 1 Sam. xxv. 25. What a tempta- 
 tion to the neglect of a known duty prevailed upon 
 the renowned Moses, by the means of Zipporah 
 his wife! Exod. iv. 24, 25. David had his scoff: 
 ing Michal, 2 Sam. vi. 20. And patient Job had 
 no small addition to all his other afflictions from 
 the wife of his bosom, who should have been a 
 support to him in the day of his trouble, Job. xix. 
 | ie 5 iain | 
 No doubt God sanctifies such rods to his peo- 
 ple’s good. If Socrates knew how to improve his 
 afflictions in his Zantippe, to the increase of his 
 patience, much more will they who converse with 
 God, under all providences, whether sweet or bit- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 89 
 
 ter. Nevertheless, this must be acknowledged to 
 be. a sad stroke upon any person,’ and such as 
 maims them upon the working hand, by unfitting 
 them for duty, 1 Pet. iii. 7, and cuts off much of 
 the comforts of life also. 
 
 How many are there who never enjoy the com- 
 fortable fruits of marriage, but are denied the sight, 
 or at least the enjoyment of children! ‘¢* Thus 
 saith the Lord, Write this man childless,’’ dec. 
 Jer. xxii. 30, or, if they have children, yet cannot 
 enjoy them. ‘Though they bring up children, 
 yet will I bereave them, that there shall not be a 
 man left,” Hos. ix. 12. Who only bear for the 
 grave, and have their expectations raised to pro- 
 duce a greater affliction to themselves. 
 
 And it is no rare or unusual thing to see chil- 
 dren and near relations the greatest instruments of 
 affliction to their parents and friends: so that, after 
 all their other sorrows and troubles in the world, 
 nearest relations bring up the rear of sorrows, as 
 one speaks, and prove greater griefs than any 
 other, Oh, how many parents have complained, 
 with the tree in the fable, that their very hearts 
 have been torn asunder with those wedges that 
 were cut out of their own bodies! What a grief 
 was Esau to Isaac and Rebecca! Gen. xxvi. 34, 
 35. What ascourge were. Absalom and Amnon 
 to David! 
 
 Well, then, if God hath set the solitary in fami- 
 lies, as it is in Psal, Ixviii. 6, built-a house for the 
 desolate, given you comfortable relations, which 
 are springs of daily comfort and refreshment to 
 you, you are, upon many accounts, engaged to 
 walk answerably to these gracious providences. 
 And that you may understand wherein that de- 
 corum and agreeable deportment with these provi- 
 
7 
 
 90 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 dences consist, take up the sense of your duty in 
 these brief hints: 
 
 1. Ascribe to God the glory of all those. provi- 
 dential works which yield you comfort. You see 
 a wise, directing, governing Providence, which 
 hath disposed and ordered all things beyond your 
 own projections and designs. ‘* The way of man 
 is not in himself, nor is it in. him that walketh to 
 direct his own steps,” Jer. x. 23. Not what you 
 projected, but what a higher counsel than yours 
 determined, is come to pass. Good Jacob, when 
 God had made him the father of a family, admired 
 God in the mercy. ‘* With my staff,” said he, 
 ‘*] passed over this Jordan, and now I am become 
 two bands,”’ Gen. xxxii. 10. And how doth this 
 mercy humble and melt him! ‘I am not worthy > 
 of the least of all the mercies, and of all the truth 
 which thou hast showed unto thy servant.” 
 
 2. Be exact in discharging the duties of those 
 relations which so gracious a Providence hath led 
 you into. Abuse not the effects of so much 
 mercy and love to you.. The Lord expeets praise 
 wherever you have comfort.’ This aggravated 
 David’s sin, that he should dare to abuse such 
 great love and mercy as God had shown him in 
 his family relations, 2 Sam. xii. 7—9. 
 
 3. Improve relations to the end Providence de- 
 signed them.» Walk together as co-heirs of the 
 grace of life; study to be mutual blessings to each 
 - other; so walk in your relations, that the parting 
 day may be sweet. Death will shortly break up 
 the family; and then, nothing but the sense of 
 duty discharged, or the neglects pardoned, will 
 give comfort. | 
 
 VII. You have heard how well Providence 
 hath performed its part for you, in planting you 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. QO] 
 
 into families who once were solitary. Now let 
 us, in the next place, view another gracious per- 
 formance of Providence for us, in making provi- 
 sion, from time to time, for us and our families. I 
 the rather put these providences together in this 
 place, because I find the Scripture doth so: «* He 
 setteth the poor on high from affliction, and maketh 
 him families like a flock,’’ Psal. evii. 41. 
 
 You know the promises God hath made to his 
 people; ‘* The young lions shall lack, and suffer 
 hunger; but they that seek the Lord shall not 
 want any good thing,”’ Psal. xxxiv. 10. And have 
 you not also seen the constant performance of it ? 
 Cannot you give the same answer, if the same 
 question were propounded to you, that the disci- 
 ples did, ** Since I sent you forth, lacked ye any 
 thing? and they said nothing,’ Luke xxii. 35. 
 Can you not, with Jacob, call him * The God 
 that fed you all your life long?’? Gen xlviii. 15. 
 Surely, ‘he hath given bread to them that fear 
 him, and been ever mindful of his covenant, Psal. 
 cxi. 5. 
 
 To display this providence, we will consider it 
 in the following particulars: % 
 
 1. The assiduity and constancy of the care of 
 Providence for the saints. ‘« His mercies are new 
 every morning,” Lam. iii, 23. It is not the sup- 
 ply of one or two pressing needs, but all your 
 wants, as they grow from day to day, through all 
 your days: ‘*’The God that fed me all my life 
 long,” Gen. xlviil. 15. The care of Providence 
 runs parallel with the line of life. ‘* Hearken unto 
 me, O house of Jacob! and all the remnant of the 
 house of Israel, which are borne by me from the 
 belly, which are carried from the womb: and even 
 to your old age I am he, and even to hoary hairs 
 
92 DIVINE CONDUCT}; OR, 
 
 will I carry you: I have made, and I will bear, 
 even I will carry, and will deliver you,’ Isa. xlvi. 
 3,4. So that, as God bid Israel ‘* to remember 
 from Shittim unto Gilgal, that they might know 
 the faithfulness of the Lord,’’ Mic. vi. 5, so would 
 I persuade thee, reader, to record the ways of Pro- 
 vidence, from first to last, throughout thy whole 
 course to this day, that thou mayest see what a 
 God he hath been to thee. —~ 
 
 2. ‘The seasonableness and opportunities of its 
 provisions for them; for so runs the promise: 
 ** When the poor and needy seek water, and there 
 is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst, I the 
 Lord will hear them, I the God of Israel will not 
 forsake them,” Isa, xli. 17, and so hath the per- 
 formance of it been. And this hath been made 
 good to distressed saints sometimes in a more ordi- 
 nary way, God secretly blessing a little, and mak- 
 ing it sufficient fer us and ours. Job tells us of 
 ‘‘the secret of God upon his tabernacle,” Job 
 xxix. 4, that is, his secret blessing is in their taber- 
 nacles, by reason whereof it is that they subsist; 
 but it is in an unaccountable way that they do so. 
 Sometimes in.an extraordinary way it breaks forth 
 for their supply; so you find in 1 Kings, xvii. 
 9—14, ‘The cruse and barrel fail not. 
 
 Mr. Samuel Clark, in the life of that painful and 
 humble servant of Christ, Mr. John Fox, records 
 a memorable instance of Providence, and it is this: 
 That towards the end of the reign of Henry VIII. 
 he went to London, where he quickly spent that 
 little his friends had given him, or he had acquired 
 by his own diligence, and began to be in great 
 want. As one day he sat in St. Paul’s church, 
 spent with long fasting, his countenance thin, and 
 his eyes hollow, after the ghastly manner of dying 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 93 
 
 men, every one shunning a spectacle of so much 
 horror, there came one to him whom he had never 
 seen before, and thrust an untold sum of money 
 into his hand, bidding him be of good cheer, and 
 accept that small gift in good part from his coun- 
 tryman; and that be should make much of him- 
 self, for that, within a few days, new hopes were 
 at hand, anda more certain condition of livelihood. 
 Three days after, the duchess of Richmond sent 
 for him to live in her house, and to be tutor to the 
 earl of Surrey’s children, then under her care. 
 Mr. Isaac Ambrose, a worthy divine, whose 
 labours have made him acceptable to his genera- 
 tion, in his epistle to the earl of Bedford, prefixed 
 to his ‘* Last ‘Things,”’ gives a pregnant instance 
 in his own case. His words are these: * For 
 mine own part,” saith he, ‘+however the Lord 
 hath seen cause to give me but a poor pittance of 
 outward things, for which I bless his name; yet, 
 in the income thereof, I have many times observ- 
 ed so much of his peculiar providence, that there- 
 by they have been very much sweetened, and my 
 heart hath been raised to admire his grace. When, 
 of late, under a hard dispensation, which I judge 
 not meet to mention, wherein I suffered conscien- 
 tiously, all streams of wonted supplies being’ stop- 
 ped, the waters of relief for myself and family did 
 run low: I went to bed with some staggerings 
 and doubtings of the fountain’s letting out itself for 
 our refreshing; but, ere 1 awoke in the morning, 
 a letter was brought to my bed-side, which was 
 signed by a choice friend, Mr. Anthony Ash, 
 which reported some unexpected breakings-out of 
 God’s goodness for my comfort. These are some 
 of his lines: ** Your God, who hath given you a 
 heart thankfully to record your experiences of his 
 
G4. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 goodness, doth renew experiences for your en- 
 couragement. Now I shall report one which will 
 raise your spirit toward the God of your mercies. 
 Whereupon he sweetly concludes, One morsel of. 
 God’s provision, especially when it comes in un- 
 expectedly, and upon prayer, when wants are 
 most, will be more sweet to spiritual relish, than 
 all former enjoyments were.”’ 
 
 3. ‘The wisdom of Providence in our provision. 
 And this is discovered in two things: 1. In pro- 
 portioning the quantity, not satisfying our extra- 
 vagant wishes, but answering our real needs: con- 
 sulting our wants, not our wantonness: ‘* My God 
 shall supply all our wants,’ Phil. iv. 19, and this 
 hath exactly suited the wishes of the best and 
 wisest men, who desired no more at its hands. So 
 Jacob, Gen. xxviii. 20, and Agur, Prov. xxx. 8, 9. 
 Wise Providence considers our conditions, as pil- 
 grims and strangers, and so allots the provision 
 that is needful for our passage home. It knows 
 the mischievous influence of fulness and redun- 
 dancy upon most men, though sanctified; and how 
 apt it is to make them remiss and forgetful of God, 
 Deut. vi. 12, that their hearts, like the moon, suf- 
 fer an eclipse when it is at the full, and so suits 
 and orders all to their best advantage. 2. Its wis- 
 dom is much discovered in the manner of dispens- 
 ing our portion to us. It many times suffers our 
 wants to pinch hard, and many fears to arise, out 
 of design to magnify the care and love of God in 
 the supply, Deut. viii. 8. Providence so orders 
 the case, that faith and prayer, coming betwixt our 
 want and supplies, the goodness of God may be 
 the more magnified in our eyes thereby. 
 
 And now let me beg you to consider the good 
 hand of Providence, that hath provided for, and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 95 
 
 suitably supplied you and yours all your days, and 
 never failed you hitherto; and labour to walk suit- 
 ably to your experiences of such mercies. In or- 
 der whereunto, let me press a few suitable cau- 
 lions upon you. tah 
 
 (1.) Beware that you forget not the care and 
 Kindness of Providence, which your eyes have 
 seen in so many fruits and experiences thereof. 
 It was God’s charge against Israel, ‘That they 
 soon forgot his wondrous works,” Psal. evi. 13. 
 A bad heart and a slippery memory deprive men 
 of the comfort of many mercies, and defraud God 
 of the glory due for them. 
 
 (2.) Do not distrust Providence in future exigen- 
 
 cies. ‘Thus they did, ** Behold, he smote the rock, 
 that the waters gushed out, and the streams over- 
 flowed: can he give bread also? Can he provide 
 flesh for his people? Psal. Ixxviii. 20. How un- 
 reasonable and absurd are these queries of unbelief, 
 especially after their eyes had seen the power of 
 God in such extraordinary effeets ! 
 _ (3.) Do not murmur and regret under new straits. 
 This is a vile temper; and yet how incident to us, 
 when wants press hard upon us. Ah! did we but 
 rightly understand what the demerit of sin is, we 
 should rather admire the bounty of God, than com- 
 plain of the strait-handedness of Providence; and 
 if we did but consider that there lies upon God no 
 obligation of justice or gratitude, to reward any 
 of our duties, it would cure our murmurs. 
 
 (4.) Do not show the least discontent at the lot 
 and portion Providence carves out to you. that 
 you would be well pleased and satisfied with all 
 its appointments! Say, “ The lines are fallen unto 
 me in pleasant places; vea, [ have a goodly: heri- 
 tage,” Psal. xvi. 6. Surely that is best for you 
 
96 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 which Providence hath appointed, and, one day, 
 you yourselves will judge it so to be. 
 
 (5.) Do not neglect when straits befall you. 
 You see it is Providence dispenses all: you live 
 upon it; therefore apply yourselves to God in the 
 times of need. ‘This is evidently included in the 
 promise, Isa, xli. 17, as well as expressed in the 
 command, Phil. iv. 6. Remember God, and he 
 will not forget you. 
 
 6.) Do not distract your hearts with sinful cares, 
 Matt. vi. 25, 26. Consider the fowls of the air, 
 saith Christ; not the fowls at the door, that are 
 daily fed by hand, but those of the air, that know 
 not where to have the next meal ; and yet God pro- 
 vides for them.. Remember your relation to Christ, 
 and his engagements by promise to you, and by 
 these things work your hearts to satisfaction and 
 content with all the allotments of Providence. | 
 
 VII. The next great advantage and mercy the 
 saints receive from the hand of Providence, is in 
 their preservation from the snares and temptations 
 of sin, by its preventing care over them. That 
 Providence wards off many a deadly stroke of temp- 
 tation, and puts by many a mortal thrust which 
 Satan makes at our souls, is a truth as manifest as 
 the light that shineth. This is included in that 
 promise, ‘* God will with the temptation make a 
 way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it,” 
 1 Cor. x. 18. Providence gives an outlet for the 
 soul’s escape, when it is shut up into the danger- 
 ous straits of temptation. ‘There are two eminent 
 ways, whereby the force and efficacy of temptation 
 is broken in believers. One is by the operation of 
 internal grace, ‘*’The spirit lusteth against the 
 flesh,’ Gal. v. 17, so that ye cannot do the things 
 that ye would; that is, sanctification destroys sin 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. O07 
 
 after it hath been conceived in the soul. The other 
 way is by the external working of Providence; 
 and of this I am here engaged to speak. 
 
 The Providence of God is the great hinderance 
 to. a world of sin, which else would break forth, 
 like an overflowing flood, from our corrupt natures. 
 It prevents abundance of sin which else wicked 
 men would commit. The men of Sodom were 
 greedily pursuing their lusts; God providentially 
 hindered it, by smiting them blind, Gen. xix. 11. 
 Jeroboam intended to smite the prophet; Provi- 
 dence interposed, and withered his arm, 1 Kings 
 xii. 4. Thus you see, when wicked men have 
 contrived, and are ready to execute their wicked- 
 ness, Providence claps on its manacles, * that 
 their hands cannot perform their enterprises,” 
 Job v. 12: 
 
 And so much corruption there remains on good 
 men, that they would certainly plunge themselves 
 under much more guilt than they do, if Providence 
 did not take greater care of them than they do of 
 themselves ; for though they make conscience of 
 keeping themselves, and daily watch their hearts 
 and ways, yet such is the deceitfulness of sin, that 
 if Providence did not lay blocks in their way, it 
 would, more frequently than it doth, entangle and 
 defile them. And this it doth divers ways. 
 
 1. Sometimes by stirring up others to interpose 
 with seasonable counsels, which effectually dis- 
 suade them from prosecuting an evil design. ‘Thus 
 Abigail meets David in the nick of time and dis- 
 suades him from his evil purpose, 1 Sam. xxv. 24. 
 
 And f find it recorded, as on another account 
 was noted before, of that holy man, Mr. Dod, that 
 being late at night in his study, he was strongly 
 moved (though at an unseasonable hour) to visit a 
 
 9 | 
 
98 DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 gentleman of his acquaintance; and not knowing 
 what might be the design of Providence therein, 
 he obeyed and went.. When he came to the house, 
 after a few knocks at the door, the gentleman him- 
 self came to him, and asked him whether he had 
 any business with him? Mr. Dod answered, No; 
 but that he could not be quiet till he had seen him. 
 O, sir, replied the gentleman, you are sent of God 
 at this hour, for just now (and with that takes the 
 halter out of his pocket) | was going to destroy 
 myself. And thus was the mischief prevented. 
 
 2. Sometimes by hindering the means and in- 
 struments, whereby the evil itself is prevented. 
 Thus, when good Jehoshaphat had joined himself 
 with that wicked king Ahaziah to build ships at 
 Ezion-Geber to go to ‘l'arshish, God prevents the 
 design by breaking the ships with a storm, as you 
 read in 2 Chron. xx. 35—37. | 
 
 We find also, in the life of Mr. Bolton, written 
 by Mr. Bagshaw, that, while he was in Oxford, he 
 had familiar acquaintance with Mr. Anderton, a 
 good scholar, but a strong papist, who, knowing 
 Mr. Bolton’s good parts, and perceiving that he 
 was in some outward wants, took this advantage, © 
 and used many arguments to persuade him to be 
 reconciled to the church of Rome, and to go over 
 with him to the English seminary, assuring him he 
 should be furnished with all necessaries, and have 
 gold enough. Mr. Bolton being at that time poor 
 in mind and purse, accepted the motion, and the 
 day and place were appointed in Lancashire, where 
 they should meet and take shipping, and be gone: 
 but Mr. Anderton came not,-and so he escaped the 
 snare. 
 
 3. Sometimes, by laying some strong afflictions 
 upon the body, to prevent a worse evil; and this 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 99 
 
 is the meaning of, ‘* I will hedge up her way with 
 thorns,”’ Hos. ii. 6.. Thus Basil was along time 
 exercised with a violent headache, which, as he ob- 
 served, was used by Providence to prevent lust. 
 Paul had a thorn in his flesh, a messenger of Satan 
 sent to buffet him; and this affliction, whatever it 
 was, was ordained to prevent pride in him, 2 Cor. 
 2d Ay ae ae p 
 
 4, Sometimes sin is nvevrentedi in the saints by 
 the better information of their minds, by the sacred 
 oracles of God. ‘Thus, when sinful motions began 
 to rise in David’s mind, from the prosperity of the 
 wicked, and his own afflicted state, and grew to 
 that height, that he began to think all he had done 
 in the way of religion was litile better than lost la- 
 bour; he is set right again, and the temptation dis- 
 solved, by going into the sanctuary, where God 
 showed him how to take new measures of persons, 
 and things; to-judge of them by their ends and 
 issues, not their present appearances, Psal, Ixxill. 
 
 POS wy 
 
 5. And sometimes the providence of God pre- 
 vents the sins of his people by removing them out 
 of the way of temptation by death ! in which sense 
 we may understand this text: ‘* The righteous is 
 taken away from the evil to come,’’ Isa. lvii. 1, 
 the.evil of sin as well as sufferings. When the 
 
 Lord sees his people low-spirited, and not able to 
 
 grapple with strong trials and temptations, which 
 are drawing.on, it is, with respect to them, a pro- 
 vidence to be disbanded by death, and set out of 
 harm’s way. 
 
 Now, consider and admire the providence of 
 God, O ye saints, who hath had more care of your 
 souls than ever ye had of them! Had not the 
 providence of God thus wrought for you in-a 
 
rt 
 
 100 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 way. of prevention, it may be you had this day 
 been so many Magor Missabibs. How was the 
 heart of David melted under that preventing provi- 
 dence before mentioned in 1 Sam. xxv. 34, he 
 blessed the Lord, the instrument, and that counsel 
 by which his soul was preserved from sin. Do 
 but seriously bethink yourselves of a few particu- 
 lars about this case; as, . 
 
 (1.) How your corrupt natures have often im- 
 petuously hurried you on toward sin, so that. all 
 the grace you had could not withstand its force, 
 if Providence had not prevented it in some such 
 method as you have heard. ‘Every man is 
 tempted when he is drawn away of his own lusts, 
 and enticed,’ James i. 14. You found yourselves 
 but feathers in the wind of temptation. 
 
 (2.) How near you have been brought to the 
 brink of sin, and yet saved by a merciful hand of 
 Providence! May you not say, ‘I was almost 
 in the midst of all evils,’ Prov. v. 14; or, “*My 
 feet were almost gone, my steps had well nigh 
 slipped,’ Psal. Ixxili. 2. Oh merciful Provi- 
 dence! that stepped in so opportunely to your re- 
 lief. 
 
 (3.) How many have been suffered to fall by 
 the hand of temptations, to the reproach of reli- 
 gion, and wounding of their own conscience to 
 that degree, that they have never recovered former 
 peace again, but lived in the word devoid of com- 
 fort to their dying day! 
 
 (4.) How woful your case had been, if the Lord 
 had not mercifully saved you from many thousand 
 temptations which have assaulted you! [ tell you, 
 you cannot estimate the mercies you possess by 
 means of such providences. Are your names 
 sweet, and your consciences peaceful? ‘Two mer- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 101 
 
 cies as dear to you as your two eyes. Why, 
 surely you owe them, if. not wholly, yet in a 
 great measure, to the aids and assistances Provi- 
 dence hath given you all along the way you have 
 passed, through the dangerous tempting world, to 
 this day. . 
 
 Walk, therefore, suitably to this obligation of 
 Providence also, and see that you thankfully own 
 it. Do not impute your escapes from sin to acci- 
 dents, or to your own watchfulness or wisdom; 
 yet see that you tempt not Providence, on the 
 other hand, by an irregular reliance upon its care 
 over you, without taking all due,care of yourselves. 
 ‘‘ Keep yourselves in the love of God,’’ Jude 21. 
 ‘¢ Keep your hearts with all diligence,’’ Prov. iv. 
 23. Though Providence keep you, yet it is in the 
 way of your duty, — 
 
 IX. hus you see what care Providence hath 
 had over your souls, in preventing the spiritual 
 dangers and miseries that else would have befallen 
 you in the way of temptations. In the next place, 
 { will show you, that it hath been no less careful 
 for your bodies, and with how great tenderness it 
 hath carried them in its arms, through innumerable 
 hazards and dangers also. ** Thou keepest me as 
 the-apple of thine eye.’’* Psal. xvii. 8. He is 
 called ‘* the Keeper of Israel, that never slum- 
 bereth nor sleepeth,”’? Psal. cxxi. 4; ‘the Pre- 
 server of men,”’ Job vii. 20. 
 
 To display the glory of his providence before 
 
 * The eye hath five tunicks to guard it against danger 
 The first is like a spider’s web; the second is like a net. 
 the third is like a berry; the fourth is like a horn; and 
 the fifth is the cover or lid of the eye. Here is puard 
 upon guard, resembling the various ways Providence 
 hath to secure us from ruin. 
 
bs a 
 
 102 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 you, let us take into consideration the perils into 
 which the best of men sometimes fall, and the 
 Ways and means by which Providence preserves 
 them in those dangers. 
 
 There are manifold hazards into which we are 
 often cast in this world. ‘he apostle Paul gives 
 us a general account of his dangers in 2 Cor. x1. 
 26. And how great a wonder is it, that our lives 
 have not been extinguished in some of those dan- 
 gers we have been in!’. For, 1. Have not some of 
 us fallen, and that often, into very dangerous sick- 
 nesses and diseases; in which we have approached 
 to the very brink of the grave? and have, or 
 might have said with Hezekiah, ‘+1 said in the 
 eutting off of my days, I shall go to the gates of 
 the grave: I am deprived of the residue of my 
 years,” Isa. xxxviii. 10. Have we not often had 
 the sentence of death in ourselves; and our bodies 
 at that time been like a leaky ship in a storm, that 
 hath taken in water on every side till it was ready 
 to sink? Yet hath God preserved, eareened, and 
 launched us out again as well as ever. Oh! what 
 a wonder is it that such a crazy body should be 
 preserved for so many years, and survive so many 
 dangers! Surely it is not. more admirable to see 
 a Venice glass pass from hand te hand, in con- 
 tinual use, for forty or fifty years, and still to re- 
 main whole, notwithstanding many knocks and 
 falls it hath had. If you enjoy health, or recover 
 out of sickness, it is because ‘*he puts none of 
 those diseases upon thee,” or, because he is ‘ the 
 Lord thy physician,” Exod. xv. 26. 
 
 2. And how many deadly dangers hath: his 
 hand rescued some-of you from, in those~ years of 
 confusion and public calamity, when the sword 
 was bathed in blood, and made horrid slaughter, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 103 
 
 when, it may be, your lives were often given you 
 for a prey! This David put a special remark 
 upon: «QO God the Lord, the strength of my sal- 
 vation, thou hast covered my head in the day of 
 battle,’ Psal. cxl..7. 
 
 Beza, being in France in the first civil war, and 
 there tossed up and down for twenty-two months, 
 recorded six hundred deliverances from dangers in 
 that space, for which he solemnly gave God thanks 
 in his last testament. If the sword destroyed you 
 not, it was because God did not give it a commis- 
 non so to do.- 
 
 3. Many of you have seen wonders of salvation 
 upon the deeps, where the hand of God hath been 
 signally stretched forth for your rescue and delive- 
 rance. ‘This is elegantly expressed in Psal. evil. 
 23—-27; concerning which you may say, in a 
 proper sense, what the psalmist doth metaphori- 
 cally; ‘If it had not been the Lord who was on 
 our side, then the waters had overwhelmed us, 
 the streams had gone over our soul,”’ Psal. exxiv. 
 1.4, ‘To see men who have spent so many years 
 upon the seas, where your lives have continually 
 hung in suspense before you, attain to your years, 
 when you could neither be reckoned among the 
 living nor the dead, as seamen are not, oh! what 
 cause have you to adore your great Preserver ! 
 Many thousands of ‘your companions are gone 
 down, and you yet here to praise the Lord, among 
 ihe living. You have bordered nearer to eternity 
 all your days than others, and often been in immi- 
 nent perils upon the seas. ‘Surely such, and so 
 ‘many salvations, call aloud upon you for most 
 thankful acknowledgments. 
 
 4. To conclude: How innumerable hazards and 
 accidents, the least of which have cut off others, 
 
104. "DIVINE CONDUCT; oR, 
 
 hath God carried us all through! I think I may 
 safely say, your primitive and positive mercies, of 
 this kind, are more. in number than the hairs of 
 your heads. Many thousands of these dangers 
 we never saw, nor were made particularly sensible 
 of; but though we saw them not, our God did, 
 and brought us out of danger, before he brought us 
 into fear. Some have been evident to us, and 
 those so remarkable, that we cannot think or speak 
 of them to this day but our souls are freshly af- 
 fected with those mercies. 
 
 It is, recorded of our famous Jewell, that about 
 the beginning of Queen Mary’s reign, the inquisi- 
 tion, taking hold of him in Oxford, he fled to Lon- 
 don by night; but providentially losing the road, 
 he escaped the inquisitors, who pursued him. 
 ‘However, he fell that night into another imminent 
 hazard of life, for, wandering up.and down in the 
 snow, he fainted, and lay starving in the way, 
 panting and labouring for life, at which’ time Mr. 
 Latimer’s servant found and saved him. » 
 
 It were easy to multiply examples of this kind, 
 histories abounding with them; but I think there 
 are few of us but are furnished out of our own ex- 
 perience abundantly; so that I shall rather choose 
 to press home the sense of these providences upon 
 you, in order to a suitable return to the God of 
 your mercies for them, than add more instances of 
 this kind. To this purpose, I desire you seriously 
 to weigh the following particulars : , 
 
 (1.) Consider what you owe to Providence for 
 your protection, by which your life hath been pro- 
 tracted unto this day, with the usefulness and com- 
 fort thereof. Look abroad in the world, and you 
 may daily see some in every place, who are ob- 
 jects of pity, bereaved by sad accidents of all the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 105 
 
 comforts of life, whilst, in the mean time, Provi- 
 dence hath tenderly preserved you, ‘keeping all 
 your bones, so that none of them is broken,’”’ Psal. 
 xxxiv. 20. Is the elegant and comely structure of 
 thy body not spoiled, thy members not distorted, 
 and made so many seats of torment, the usefulness 
 of any part not destroyed? Why, this is because 
 Providence never quitted his hold of thee since 
 thou camest out of the womb, but, with a watch- 
 ful eye and tender hand, hath guarded thee in every 
 place, and kept thee as its charge. 
 
 (2.) Consider how every member, which hath 
 been so tenderly kept, hath, nevertheless, been an 
 instrument of sin against the Lord, and that not 
 only in the days of your unregeneracy, when, “ye 
 yielded your members as instruments_of unright- 
 eousness unto sin,’ Rom. vi. 18, but ever since 
 you gave them up in covenant unto the Lord as 
 dedicated instruments to his service; and yet how 
 tender hath Providence been over them! You have 
 often provoked him to afflict you in every part, 
 and lay penal evil upon every member that hath 
 been instrumental in moral evil; but oh how great 
 have his compassions been towards you, and his 
 patience admirable! 
 
 (3.) Consider what is the aim of Providence, 
 in all the tender care it hath manifested for you. 
 Why doth it protect you so assiduously, and suffer 
 no evil to befall you? Is it not that you should 
 employ your bodies for God, and cheerfully apply 
 yourselves to that service he hath called you to? 
 Doubtless this is-the end and level of these mer- 
 cies; for, else to what purpose are they afforded 
 you! your bodies are a part of Christ’s purchase, 
 as well as your souls, 1 Cor. vi. 19, they are com-. 
 mitted to the charge and tutelage of angels, Heb. i.. 
 
 10 
 
106 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 14, who have performed .many services for them. 
 They are dedicated by yourselves to the Lord, and 
 that upon the highest aceount, Rom. xu. 1. They 
 have already been the subjects of manifold mercies 
 in this world, Psal. xxxv. 10, and shall partake of 
 singular glory and happiness in the world to come, 
 Phil. iii. 21. And shall they not be employed, 
 yea, cheerfully worn out in his'service? How.rea- 
 sonable is it they should be so! Why are they so 
 tenderly preserved by God, if they must not be 
 used for God? | 
 
 X. You have heard of many great things per- 
 formed for you by Divine Providence in the former 
 particulars ; but there is an eminent favour it be- 
 stows on the saints, which hath not yet been con- 
 sidered, and indeed is too little minded by us, and 
 that is, the aid and assistance it gives the people of 
 God in the great work of mortification. 
 
 Mortification of our sinful affections and passions 
 is the one half of our sanctification; ** Dead indeed 
 unto sin, but alive unto God,’’ Rom. vi. 11. Itis 
 the great evidence of our interest in Christ. See 
 Gal. v. 24; Rom. vi. 5—-9. It is our safety in 
 the hour of temptation.. The corruptions. in the 
 world are through lust, 2 Pet. i. 4. Our instru- 
 mental fitness for service depends much upon it, 
 2 Tim. ii. 21; John xv. 2. How great a service 
 ‘to our souls, therefore, must that be by which this 
 ‘blessed work is carried on upon them ! 
 
 ’ Now, there are two means or instruments em- 
 ployed in this work. ‘The Spirit who effects it 
 ‘internally, Rom. vill. 13, and Providence, which 
 assists it externally. The Spirit indeed is the 
 principal agent, upon whose operation the success 
 of this work depends; and all the providences in 
 the world can never effect it without him. But 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 107 
 
 these are secondary and subordinate means, which, 
 by the blessing of the Spirit upon them, have’a 
 great stroke in the-work. How they are so ser- 
 viceable to this end and purpose, J shall open in 
 the following account. 
 __ I. More generally. The most-wise God orders 
 the dispensations of Providence ina blessed subor- 
 dination io the work of his Spirit. There is a 
 sweet harmony betwixt them ‘in their distinct 
 workings. ‘They all meet in that one blessed issue 
 which God hath by the counsel of his will directed 
 them to, Eph. i. 11, and Rom. viii. 28. Hence it 
 is that the Spirit is said to be in, and to order the 
 motions of, the wheels of Providence, Ezek. i. 20, 
 and so they move together by consent. Now, one 
 great part of the: Spirit’s internal work being to 
 destroy sin in the people of God, see how con- 
 formable to his design external providences are 
 ' steered and ordered, in the following particulars. 
 There is in all the regenerate, a strong propen- 
 sion and inclination to sin, and in that lies a prin- 
 cipal part of the power of sin. Of this, Paul sadly 
 complains: «* But I see another law in my mem- 
 bers, warring against the law of my mind, and 
 bringing me into captivity to the law of sin, which 
 is in my members,” Rom. vii. 23... And every 
 believer daily finds it to his grief. Oh it is hard 
 to forbear those things that grieve God! God hath 
 made a hedge about us, and fenced us against sin 
 by his laws; but there is a proneness in nature to 
 break over the hedge, and that against ‘the very 
 resistance of the Spirit of God in us. Now see, 
 in this case, the concurrence and assistance of 
 Providence for the prevention of sin; look, as the 
 Spirit internally resists those sinful inclinations, so 
 Providence externally lays bars and blocks in our 
 
108 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 way to hinder and prevent sin. And this is the 
 meaning of those places lately cited, Hos. il. 6, 
 and 2 Cor. xii. 7 So Job xxxiii. 17—19. There 
 is many a bodily distemper inflicted on this very 
 score, to be a clog-to prevent sin! O bear them 
 patiently upon this consideration. 
 
 Basil was sorely grieved with an inveterate 
 headache, he earnestly prayed that it might be | 
 removed. But no sooner was he freed of this 
 clog, but he felt the inordinate motions of lust; 
 which made him pray for his headache again; so 
 it might be with many of us, if our clogs were 
 cut off. 
 
 A question may be moved here, Whether it be. 
 the genius and property of a gracious spirit to for- 
 bear sin, because of the rod of affliction. They 
 have surely higher motives and nobler principles 
 than these. ‘his is the temper of a carnal and 
 slavish spirit. Indeed it.is so when this is the sole 
 or principal restraint from sin; when a man abhors 
 not sin, because of the intrinsic filth, but only be- 
 cause of the troublesome consequences and effects. 
 But this is vastly different from the case of the 
 saints under sanctified afflictions ; for, as they have 
 higher motives and nobler principles, so they have 
 lower and more sensible ones too; and these are, 
 in their kind and place, very useful to them.  Be- 
 sides, you must know, that afflictions work in an- 
 other way upon gracious. hearts to restrain them 
 from sin, or warn them against sin, than they do 
 upon others. Itis not so much the smart of the 
 rod which they feel, as the tokens of God’s dis- 
 pleasure, which affright and scare them. ‘* Thou 
 renewest thy witnesses against me,’’ &c. Job x. 
 17, and this is that which principally affects them. 
 ‘©Q Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 109 
 
 chasten me in thy hot displeasure,”* Psal. vi. 1, 
 and **O Lord, correct me, but with judgment, not 
 in thine anger, Jest thou bring ine to nothing,” 
 Jer. x. 24. And surely this is no low and com- 
 mon argument. 
 
 2. Notwithstanding this double sense of God’s 
 command and preventive afflictions, yet sin is too 
 hard for the best of men; their corruptions carry 
 them through all to sin: and when it is so, not 
 only doth the Spirit work internally, but Provi- 
 dence also works externally, in order to their re- 
 duction. 'The ways of sin are not only made bit- 
 ter unto them by the remorse of conscience, but by 
 those afflictive rods: upon the outward man, with 
 which God also follows it; and, in both these res- 
 pects I find that place expounded ‘* Whoso break- 
 eth a hedge, a serpent shall bite him,’’ Eccles. x. 
 8. If, as some expound it, the hedge be the law 
 of God, then the serpent is the remorse of con- 
 science, and the sharp teeth of affliction, which he 
 shall quickly feel, if he be one that belongs to 
 God. | | 
 
 The design and aim of these afflictive provi- 
 dences is to purge and cleanse them from that pol- 
 lution into which temptations have plunged them. 
 ‘« By this shall the iniquity of Jacob be purged, 
 and this is all the fruit, to take away his sin,’’ Isa. 
 xxvii. 9. To the same purpose is this passage, 
 ‘¢ Before I-was afflicted, I went astray; but now 
 have I kept thy word,” Psal. cxix. 67. These 
 afflictions have the same use and end to our souls 
 that frosty weather hath upon those clothes that 
 are laid a-bleaching ; they alter the hue, and make 
 them whiter. ‘And some of them of understand- 
 ing shall fail, to try them, and to purge, and to 
 make them white,’’ Dan. xi. 35. ‘ 
 
110 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 And here it may be queried, upon what account 
 afflictions are said to purge away the iniquities of 
 the saints. Is it not unwarrantable, and very dis- 
 honourable to Christ, to attribute that to affliction, 
 which is the peculiar honour of his blood?’ 
 
 It is confessed, that the blood of Christ is the 
 only lavatory, or fountain, opened for sin, and that 
 no afflictions, howsoever many, or strong, or con- 
 tinual they be, can in themselves purge away the 
 pollution of sin, as we see in wicked men, who 
 are_afflicted, and afflicted, and again afflicted, and 
 yet nevertheless sinful; and the torments of hell, 
 how extreme, universal, and continual soever they 
 are, yet shall never fetch out the stain of-one sin. 
 
 But yet this hinders not but that a sanctified 
 affliction may, in the efficacy and virtue of Christ’s 
 blood, produce such blessed effects upon the soul. 
 Though a cross, without a Christ, never did any 
 man good, yet thousands have been beholden to 
 the cross as it hath wrought in the virtue of his 
 death for their good; and this is the case of those 
 
 .souls that this discourse is concerned abont, 
 
 3. We find the best hearts, if God bestow any 
 comfortable enjoyment upon them, too apt to be 
 overheated in their affections towards it, and to be 
 too much taken up with these outward comforts. 
 This also shows the great power and strength of 
 corruption in the people of God, and must, by 
 some means, or other, be mortified in them. ‘This 
 was the case of Hezekiah; his heart was too 
 much affected with his treasures, ‘so that he could 
 not hide a vain-glorious temper, as you find in Isa. 
 Xxxix. 2, and so good David thought his moun- 
 tain, that is, his kingdom, and the splendour and 
 glory of his present state, had stood so fast that it 
 should never be moved, Psal. xxx. 7. How did 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 111 
 
 the same good man let out his heart and: affections 
 upon his beautiful son Absilom! as appears by 
 the doleful Jamentation he made at his death, 
 
 prizing him above his own life, which was a thou- 
 sand times more worth than he. So Jonah, when 
 God raised up a gourd for him to shelter him from 
 the sun, how excessively was he taken with it, 
 and was exceedingly glad of it! 
 
 But will God suffer things to lie thus? Shall 
 the creature purloin and draw away our affections 
 from him? No; this is our corruption, and God 
 will purge it. And to this end he sends forth Pro- 
 vidence. to smite those creatures on which our 
 affections are either inordinately or excessively 
 let out, or else to turn them into rods, and smite 
 us by them. 
 
 Is Hezekiah too much puffed up with his full 
 exchequer? Why, those very Babylonians, to 
 whom he boasted of it, shall empty it, and make 
 a prey of it, Isa. xxxix. 6. Is David hugging him- 
 ‘self in a fond conceit of the stability of his earthly 
 splendour? Lo! how soon God beclonds all, Psal. 
 xxx. 7. Is Absalom doated on, and has he crept 
 too far into his good father’s heart? ‘This shall be 
 the son of his sorrow, who shall seek after his 
 father’s life, Is Jonah so transported with ‘his 
 gourd? God will prepare a worm to smite it, 
 Jonah iv. 6, 7. 
 
 How many husbands, wives, and children, hath 
 Providence smitten upon this very account! God 
 might have spared them longer, if they had been 
 loved moré regularly and moderately. This hath 
 blasted many an estate and hopeful project, and it 
 is a merciful dispensation for our good, 
 
 4, "The strength of our unmortified corruption 
 shows itself in our pride, and the swelling vanity 
 
 / 
 
112 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 of our hearts, when we have a name and esteem 
 among men, when we are applauded and honoured, 
 when we are admired for any gift ‘or excellency 
 that is in us; this draws forth the pride of the 
 heart, and shows the vanity that is in it. So you 
 read, “As the fining-pot for silver, and the fur- 
 nace for gold, so is a man to his praise,” Prov. 
 xxvii. 21, that is, as the furnace will discover what 
 dross is in the metal, when it is melted, so will 
 praise and commendations discover what pride is 
 in the heart of him that receives them. This made 
 a good man say, ‘* He that praises me, wounds 
 me.’ And, which is more strange, this corruption 
 may be felt in the heart, even when the last breath 
 is ready to expire. It was a saying of one of the 
 German divines, when those about him recounted, 
 for his encouragement, the many services he had 
 done for God: ‘* Take away the fire, for there is 
 still the chaff of pride in me.’’ To crucify this 
 corruption, Providence takes off the bridle of re- 
 straint from ungodly men, and sometimes permits 
 them to traduce the names of God’s servants, as 
 Shimei did David’s, - Yea, they shall fall into dis- 
 esteem among their friends, as Paul did among the 
 Corinthians ; and all this to keep down the swelling 
 of their spirits at the sense of those excellencies 
 that are in them; the design of these providences 
 being nothing else than to hide pride from man. 
 Yea, it deserves a special remark, that when some 
 good men have been engaged in a public and emi- 
 nent work, and have therein, it may be, too much 
 sought theirown applause, God hath withheld such 
 usual assistance at such times from them, and 
 caused them to falter so in their work, that they 
 have come off with shame and pity at such times, 
 how ready and self-possessed soever they have 
 
aa 
 
 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. Ti 
 
 been at other times. It were easy to give divers 
 remarkable examples to confirm this observation. 
 But I pass on. 
 
 5. The corruption of the heart shows itself, in 
 
 raising up great expectations to ourselves from the 
 
 creature, and projecting abundance of felicity and 
 contentment from some promising and hopeful en- 
 joyments we have in the world. ‘This we find to 
 have been the case of holy Job in the days of his 
 prosperity. ‘Then I said, I shall die in my nest, 
 I shall multiply my days as the sand,’”’ Job xxix. 
 18. But how soon were all these expectations 
 dashed by a gloomy providence, that benighted him 
 in the noontide of his prosperity ! And all this for 
 his good, to takeoff his heart more fully from crea- 
 ture-expectations. We often find the best men to 
 over-reckon themselves in worldly things, and over- 
 act their confidences about them. ‘They that have 
 great and well-grounded expectations from Heaven, 
 may have too great and ungrounded expectations 
 from the earth. But when itis so, it is very usual 
 for Providence to undermine their earthly hopes, 
 and convince them, by experience, how vain they 
 are.. ‘hus the people’s hearts were intently. set 
 upon. prosperous providences, full harvests, and 
 great increase; whilst in the mean time, no regard 
 was had to the worship of God, and the things of 
 his house ; therefore Providence blasts their hopes, 
 and brings them to little, Haggai ii. 19. 
 Corruption discovers itself in dependence upon 
 creature-comforts and sensible props.. Oh! how 
 apt are the best of men to lean upon those things 
 and stay themselves upon them! Thus did Israel 
 stay themselves upon Egypt, as a feeble man would 
 lean upon his staff; but God suffered it both to fail 
 them and wound them, Ezek. xxix. 6,7. So how 
 
114 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 apt are individuals to depend-upon their sensible 
 supports! ‘Thus we lean on our relations, and the 
 inward thoughts of our hearts sare, that they shall 
 be to us so many springs of comfort to refresh us 
 throughout our lives; but God will show us, by his: 
 providence, our mistake and error in these things. 
 Thus a husband is smitten to draw the soul of a 
 wife nearer to God in dependence upon him, 
 1 Tim. v. 5. So for children, we are apt to say of 
 this or that child as Lamech did of Noah, ‘This. 
 same shall comfort us,’’ Gen. v. 29, but the wind 
 passes over these flowers, and they are withered, 
 to teach us that our-happiness is not bound up in 
 these enjoyments. So for our estates, when the 
 world smiles upon us, and We have got'a warm 
 nest, how do we prophesy of rest and peace in 
 those acquisitions, minding, with good Baruch, 
 great things for ourselves; but Providence, by a 
 particular or general calamity, overturns our. pro- 
 jects, as Jer. xlv. 4, 5, and all this to reduce our 
 hearts from the creature to God, our only rest. 
 Corruption discovers its strength in good men, 
 by their adherence to things below, and unwilling- 
 ness to go hence. ‘This often proceeds from the 
 engaging enjoyments and pleasant fruitions we have 
 here below. Providence mortifies this inclination 
 in the saints by killing those ensnaring comforts 
 before-hand, making all, or most of our pleasant 
 things to die before us; by embittering this world 
 to us by the troubles of it; and by making life un- 
 desirable, through the pains and infirmities we fee] 
 in the body, and so loosing our root, in order to our 
 more easy fall by the fatal stroke. . ‘, 
 And thus, I have furnished the second general 
 head; but, before I pass from this, I cannot but 
 make a pause, and desire you, with me, tostand in 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 115 
 
 a holy amazement, and wonder at the dealings of 
 God with such poor worms as we are! Surely God 
 deals familiarly with men! His condescensions to 
 his own clay are astonishing! All that I shall note 
 at present about it shall be under these three heads, 
 wherein I find the matter of my present meditations 
 summed up by the psalmist, ‘* Lord, what is man 
 that thou takest knowledge of him? or the’ son of 
 man that thou makest account of him?” Psal. 
 exliv. 3.. ie | 
 In this Scripture you have represented the im- 
 mense and transcendent greatness of God, who is 
 infinitely above us and all our thoughts: ‘+ Canst 
 thou by searching find out God? Canst thou find 
 out the Almighty to perfection? It is as high as 
 heaven, what canst thou do? deeper than hell, what 
 
 -eanst thou know? the measure thereof is longer 
 
 than the earth, and broader than the sea,’’ Job xi. 
 7—9. ‘* The heaven, and heaven of heavens can- 
 not contain him,’’ 2 Chron. ii. 6. ‘ He is glorious 
 in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders,”’ 
 Exod. xv. 11. When the Scriptures speak of him 
 comparatively, see how it expresses his greatness : 
 ‘* Behold the nations are as the drop of a bucket, 
 and are counted as the small dust of the balance; 
 behold he taketh up the isles as a very little thing. 
 And Lebanon is not sufficient to burn, nor the beasts 
 thereof sufficient for a burnt-offering. All nations 
 before him are as nothing, and they are accounted 
 
 to him less than nothing, and vanity,”’ Isa. xl. 
 
 -15—17. ° When the holiest men have addressed 
 
 themselves to him, see with what humility and 
 deep adoration they have spoken of him and to 
 him! ** Wo is me, for J am undone, because I am 
 a man of unclean lips, and [ dwell in the midst of 
 a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen 
 
116 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 the King, the Lord of hosts,’ Isa.. vi. 5: Nay, 
 what respects the very angels of heaven have of 
 that glorious majesty, you may see, ver. 2, 3. 
 ‘* Fach one had six wings, with twain he covered” 
 his face, and with twain he covered bis feet, and 
 with twain he did fly. And one cried unto another, 
 and said, Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts 
 the whole earth is full of his glory.” | 
 
 Also here is shown the baseness, vileness, and 
 utter unworthiness. of man, yea, the holiest and 
 best of men, before God. « Verily, every man at 
 his best estate, is altogether vanity,” Psal. xxxix. 
 5. Every man, take where you will, and every 
 man, in his best estate, or standing in his freshest 
 glory, is not only vanity, but altogether vanity, or 
 every man is very vanity; for do but consider the 
 best of men in their extraction, in their constitu- 
 tion, and in their outward condition. In their ex- 
 traction, ‘by nature children of wrath, even as 
 others,” Eph. ii. 83. The blood that runs in our 
 veins is as much tainted as theirs in hell. Con- 
 sider them in their constitution, and natural tem- 
 per, and it is no better: yea, in many a worse 
 temper than in reprobates; and though grace de- 
 posed sin in them from the throne, yet, oh, what 
 offensive and God-provoking corruptions daily 
 break out in the best hearts! Consider them in 
 their outward condition, and they are inferior, for 
 the most part, to others, 1 Cor. i. 26—28, «T 
 thank thee, O Father,’’ saith Christ, “that thou 
 hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, 
 and hast revealed them unto babes,” Matt. xi, 25. 
 
 And now let us consider and admire, that ever 
 this great and blessed God should be so much 
 concerned as you have heard he is, in all his pro- 
 videnves, about such vile, despicable worms as we 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 117 
 
 are! He needs us not, but is perfectly blessed 
 and happy in himself without us. We can add 
 nothing to him. ‘*C@an a man be profitable to 
 God 2”’ Job xxii. 2.- No; the holiest of men add 
 nothing to him; yet see how great account he 
 makes of us. For, 
 
 1. Doth not his eternal, electing love bespeak 
 the dear account he made of us? Eph. i. 4, 5. 
 How ancient, how free, and how astonishing is 
 this act of grace! ‘This is that design which all 
 providences are in pursuit of, and will not rest ull 
 they have executed. 
 
 2. Doth not the gift of his only Son, out of his 
 bosom, bespeak this truth, that God makes great 
 account of this vile thing, man? Never was man 
 so magnified before. If David could say, ** When 
 I consider thy heavens, the work of thy hands, 
 the moon, and the stars, which thou hast ordained, 
 Lord, what is man 2”’ Psal. viii. 3, how much more 
 may we say, when we consider thy Son, that lay 
 in thy bosom, his infinite excellency, and unspeak- 
 able dearness to. thee; Lord, what is man, that 
 such a Christ should be delivered to death for 
 him? for him, and not for fallen angels? Heb. ii. 
 16; for him, when in a state of enmity with God? 
 Rom. v. 8. 
 
 3. Doth not the assiduity of His providential 
 care for us speak his esteem of us? ‘* Lest any 
 hurt it, 1 will keep it night and day,” Isa. xxvii. 
 3. ‘*He withdraweth not his eyes from the 
 righteous,” Job xxxvi. 7. No, not for a moment 
 all-their days; for, did he so, a thousand mis- 
 chiefs, in that moment, would rush in upon them, 
 and ruin them. 
 
 4. Doth not the tenderness of his. Providence 
 speak his esteem for us? ‘ As one whom his mo- 
 
118 DIVINE CONDUCT}; OR, 
 
 ther comforteth, so will I comfort you,” Isa. Ixvi. 
 13. - He comforts his, by refreshing providences, 
 as an indulgent mother -her tender-child. So Isa. 
 xxxl. 5. As birds fly to their nests, when their 
 young are in danger, so he defends his. No ten- 
 derness in the creature can shadow forth the ten- 
 der bowels of the Creator, 
 
 5. Doth not the, variety of the fruits of his pro- 
 vidence speak it? ‘*Our mercies are new every 
 morning,’ Lam, ill. 23. See Psal. xl. 5. Itisa 
 fountain from which do stream forth spiritual and 
 temporal, ordinary and extraerdinary, .public and 
 personal mercies, mercies without number. 
 
 6. Doth not the ministration of angels in the 
 providential kingdom speak it? ** Are they not all 
 ministering spirits sent forth to minister,’? Heb. 
 i. 14, “Tse 
 
 Doth not the Providence which this day calls 
 us to celebrate the memory of, bespeak the great 
 account God hath for his people? QO, if not so, 
 why had we not been given up as a prey to their 
 teeth? See Psal. cxxiv. Ifthe Lord had not been 
 on our side, then wicked men, there compared to 
 fire, water, and wild beasts, had devoured us. O 
 blessed be God for that teeming providence which 
 hath already brought forth more than seventy 
 years’ liberty and peace to the church of God. I 
 shall move in behalf of this providence, that you 
 would do by it as the Jews by their Purim, Esth. 
 ix. 27, 28, and the rather, because we seem now 
 to be as near danger by the same enemy as ever’ 
 since that time; and if such a mercy as this be 
 forgotten, God may say, ‘I will deliver you no 
 more,’ Judges x. 13. 
 
 Having proved the concerns of the people of 
 God to be conducted by the care of special Provi- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 119 
 
 dence, and given various instances to show what 
 influence Providence hath upon .those interests 
 and concerns of theirs among the rest; we come, 
 in the next place, to prove it to be the duty of the 
 people of Ged to reflect upon these performances 
 of Providence for them at all times, but especially 
 in times of straits and troubles. 
 
 This I will evidence to be your Gnaueguonable 
 duty, by the following particulars : 
 
 1. This is our duty, because God hath express- 
 ly commanded it, and called his people to make 
 the most serious reflections upon his works, whe- 
 ther of mercy or judgment. So, when that most 
 dreadful of all judgments was executed upon his 
 professing, people, for their apostasy from.God, 
 and God had removed the symbols of his presence 
 from among them, the rest are’bid to go, that 
 is, by their meditations, (to send at least their 
 thoughts,) to Shiloh, and ‘*see what God did to 
 it,’ Jer. vii. 12. So for mercies, God calls us to 
 consider and review them. ‘+ Remember, O, my 
 people, from: Shittim unto Gilgal, that ye may 
 know the faithfulness of the Lord,’’? Mic. vi. 5,:as 
 if he had said, If you reflect not upon that signal 
 providence, my faithfulness will be covered, and 
 your unfaithfulness discovered. So, for God’s 
 works of providence about the creatures, we are 
 called to consider them, that we may prop up our 
 faith by those considerations, for our own sup- 
 plies ; ‘consider the fowls and the lilies,” Matt. 
 Vi. ee 28. 
 
 . It is plain that this is our duty, because the 
 Noriast of it is every where in Scripture condemn- 
 ed as a sin. To be of a heedless, unobservant 
 temper, is very displeasing to God; and so much 
 appears from -this Scripture, ‘* Lord, when thy 
 
120 DIVINE. CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 hand is lifted up they will not see,” Isa. xxvi. 11. 
 Nay, it is a sin which God threatens and de- 
 nounces woe against in his word, Psal. xxviii. 4, 
 5, and Isa. v. 12, 13, yea; God not only threatens, 
 but smites men with visible judgments for this sin, 
 Job xxxiv. 26, 27. 
 
 3. For this end and purpose it is that the Holy 
 Ghost hath affixed those notes of attention to the 
 narrative of the works of Providence, in Scripture, 
 all which invite and call men to a due and clear 
 observation of them. So in that great and ¢ele- 
 brated work of Providence, in delivering Israel out 
 of Egyptian bondage, you find a note of attention 
 twice affixed to it, Exod, iii. 2, 9.. So, when that 
 daring enemy Rabshakeh, who put Hezekiah and 
 all the people into such a consternation, was de- 
 feated by Pravidence, there is a note of- attention 
 prefixed to that providence: ** Behold I will send 
 a blast upon him,” &c. 2 Kings, xix. 7. So when 
 God glorifies his wisdom and power, in delivering 
 his people from their enemies, and ensnaring them 
 in the works of their own hands, a double note of 
 attention is affixed to that double work of Provi- 
 dence, * Higgaion; Selah,’’ Psal. ix. 16. So, at 
 the opening of every seal, which contains a re- 
 markable series or branch of Providence, how par- 
 ticularly is attention commanded to every one of 
 them! ‘Come and see, come and see,”’ Rev. vi. 
 1—7, &c. All these are very useless and super- 
 fluous additions in Scripture, if no such duty lies 
 upon us. See Psal. Ixvi. 5. 
 
 4, Without due observation of the work of Pro- 
 vidence, no praise can be rendered to God for any 
 of them. Praise and thanksgiving for mercies de- 
 pend upon this act of observation of them, and can- 
 not be performed without it. Psalm evii. is spent 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 12t 
 
 in narratives of God’s providential. care of men: 
 to his people in straits, ver. 4—6, to prisoners in 
 their bonds, ver. 10—12, to men that lie languish- 
 ing in beds of sickness, ver. 17—19, to seamen 
 upon the stormy-ocean, ver. 23, &c. to men in 
 times of famine, ver. 33—38, yea, his Providence 
 is displayed in all those changes that fall out in 
 the world, debasing the high and exalting the low, 
 ver. 40, 41, and, at every paragraph, men are still 
 called upon to praise God for each of these provi- 
 dences ; but ver. 48, shows you whata necessary 
 ingredient to that duty observation is: ** Whoso 
 is wise, and will observe those things, even they 
 shall understand the loving-kindness of the Lord :”? 
 so that, of necessity, God must be defrauded of 
 his praise, if this duty be neglected. , 
 
 5. Without this, we lose the usefulness and be- 
 nefit of all the works of God for us or others, 
 which would be an unspeakable loss indeed to us. 
 This is the food our faith lives upon in days of 
 distress. ‘* Thou brakest the heads of leviathan 
 in pieces, and gavest him to.be meat to the people 
 inhabiting the wilderness,’’ Psal. Ixxiv. 14, that is, 
 food to their faith. From providences past, saints 
 used to argue for fresh and new ones to come. 
 So David expresses himself: ‘The Lord that de- 
 livered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of 
 the paw of- the bear, he will deliver me out of the 
 hand of this Philistine,’ 1 Sam. xvii. 37. So 
 Paul, ‘* Who hath delivered, and in whom also 
 we trust that he will yet deliver,’ 2 Cor. i. 10. 
 If these be furgotten, or not considered, the hands 
 _ of faith hang down. ‘* How is it that ye do’ not 
 remember, neither consider ?”? Matt. xvi. 9. This 
 is a topic from which the saints had used to draw 
 
 11 
 
129 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 their-arguments in prayer for new mercies. As 
 Moses, when he prays for continued or new par- 
 dons for the people, he argues from what was 
 past, ‘*as thou hast forgiven them from Egypt un- 
 til now,’’ Numb. xiv. 19, so the church argues for 
 new providences upon the same ground as Mose 
 
 pleaded for new. pardons, Isa. li. 9, 10. 
 
 6. It is a vile slighting of God not to observe 
 what of himself he manifests in his providences; 
 for, in all providences, especially in some, he 
 comes nigh to us. . He doth so in his. judgments: 
 “Twill come nigh to you in judgment,” Mal. iii. 
 5. He comes nigh in mercies also: ** The Lord 
 is nigh unto all them that call upon him,” &c. 
 Psal. cxlv. 18, yea, he is said to visit us by his 
 providence when he corrects, Hos. ix. 7, and when 
 he saves and delivers, Psal. evi. 4.. These visita- 
 tions of God preserve our spirits, Job x. 12, and it 
 is a wonderful condescension in the great God to 
 visit us so often, ‘* every morning and ‘every .mo- 
 ment,’ Job vil. 18. But not to take notice of it, 
 is a vile and brutish contempt of God, Isa. i. 3, 
 and Zeph. iii. 2. You would not do so by a man 
 for whom you have any respect. Itis the charac- 
 ter of the wicked not to regard God’s favours, Isa. 
 xxvi. 10, or frowns, Jer. v. 3. 
 
 7. In a word, men can never order their ad- 
 dresses to God in prayer, suitably to. their condi- 
 tions, without due observation of his providences, 
 Your prayers are to be suitable to your conditions ; 
 sometimes we are called to praise, sometimes to 
 humiliation. In the way of his judgments you are 
 to wait for him, Isa. xxvi. 8, to prepare to meet 
 him, Zeph. ii. 1, 2. Amos iv. 12. Now your 
 business is to turn away his anger, which you see 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 123 
 
 approaching; and sometimes you are called to 
 praise him for mercies received, Isa. xii. 1, 2, but 
 then you must observe them. 
 
 - Thus you find the matter of David’s psalms still 
 varied according to the providences that befell him; 
 but an inobservant, heedless spirit can never do it. 
 And thus you have the grounds of the duty briefly 
 represented. r 
 
 Let us next, according to our method proposed, 
 proceed to show in what manner we are to reflect 
 upon the performances of Providence forus. And 
 certainly it is not every slight.and transient glance, 
 nor every cold, historical, unaffecting rehearsal, or 
 recognition, of his providences towards you, that 
 will pass with God for a discharge of this great 
 duty. No: itis another manner of business than 
 the’ most of men understand it to be. O that we 
 were but acquainted with this heavenly, spiritual 
 exercise! how sweet would it make our lives!. 
 how light would it make our burdens! Ah! sirs, 
 you live estranged from the pleasure of the Chris- 
 tian life while you live in the ignorance or neglect 
 of this duty. Now, to lead you up to this hea- 
 venly, sweet, and profitable exercise, I will beg 
 your attention to the following directions: 
 
 First direction. Labour to get as full and tho- 
 rough recognitions of the providences of God about 
 you, from first to last, as you are able. O fill 
 your hearts with the thoughts of him and _ his 
 ways! If asingle act of Providence be so ravishing 
 and transporting, what would many such be, if 
 they were presented together to the view of the 
 soul? If one siar be so beautiful to behold, what 1s 
 a constellation? Let your reflections, therefore, 
 upon the acts and workings of Providence for you 
 be full, extensively and intensively. 
 
~ 
 
 124 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 1. Let them’ be as extensively full as may be. 
 Search backward into all the performances of Pro- 
 vidence throughout your lives, for so did Asaph ; 
 ‘¢ J will remember the works of the Lord: surely 
 I will remember thy wonders of old; I will medi- 
 tate of all thy work, and talk of thy doings,” Psal. 
 Ixxvii. 11, 12. He laboured-to recover and revive 
 the ancient providences of God’s mercies many 
 years past, and sucked: a fresh sweetness out of 
 them by new reviews of them. Ah! sirs, let me 
 tell you, there is not such a pleasant history for 
 you to read in all the world, as the history of your 
 own lives, if you would but sit down and record to 
 yourselves, from the beginning hitherto, what God 
 hath been to you, and done for you; what signal 
 manifestations and out-breakings of his merey, 
 faithfulness, and love, there have been in all the 
 conditions you have passed through; if your hearts 
 do not melt before you have gone half through that 
 history, they are hard “hearts indeed. ‘“My Fa- 
 ther, the guide of my youth.” 
 
 2. Let them be as intensively full as may be. 
 Let not your thoughts swim like feathers upon the 
 surface of the waters, but sink like lead to the 
 bottom. ‘The works of the Lord are great, 
 sought out of them that have pleasure therein,” 
 Psal. exi. 2. Notthat I think it feasible to sound 
 the depth of Providence by our short line, for 
 ‘Phy way is in the sea, and thy path in the great 
 waters, and thy footsteps are not known,” Psal. 
 Ixxvii. 19, but it is our duty to dive as far as we 
 ean, and to admire the depth, when we cannot 
 touch the bottom. It is in viewing providences, 
 as it was with Elijah’s servant, when he looked 
 out for rain, 1 Kings xviii. 44, he went out onee, 
 and viewed the heaveus, and saw nothing; but the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 125 
 
 prophet bids him go again, and again, and look 
 upon the face of heaven seven times; and when he 
 had done so, what now, saith the prophet? «O 
 now,’’ saith he, ** I see a cloud rising like a man’s 
 hand;”’ and then, keeping his eye upon it intent, 
 he sees the whole face of heaven covered with 
 clouds. So you may look upon some providen- 
 ces once and again, and see little or nothing in 
 them; but look seven times, that is, meditate often 
 upon them, and you shall see their increasing glory 
 like that increasing cloud. 
 
 ‘There are divers things to be distinctly pondered 
 and valued in one single providence, before you 
 can judge the amount and worth of it. ‘The sea- 
 sonableness of mercy may give it a very great va- 
 Jue; when it shall be timed so opportunely, and 
 fall owt so seasonably, as may make it a thousand- 
 fold more considerable to you than the same mercy 
 would have. been at another time.- Thus, when 
 our wants are suffered to grow to an extremity, 
 and all visible hopes fail, then to have relief given 
 in, wonderfully enhances the price of such a 
 mercy, Isa. xli. 17, 18. 
 
 The peculiar care and kindness of Providence 
 to us, is a consideration which exceedingly height- 
 ens the mercy in itself, and endears it to us. So 
 when, in general calamities upon the world, we 
 are exempted by the favour of Providence, covered 
 under its wings; when God shall call to us in evil 
 days, ‘‘Come, my people, enter thou into thy 
 chamber,” Isa. xxvi. 19, 20, when such promises 
 shall be fulfilled to us in times of want and famine, 
 as in Psal. xxxiii. 18, 19, when others are aban- 
 doned and exposed to misery, who have every way 
 as much, it may be much more visible security 
 against it, and yet they delivered up, and we saved : 
 
126 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 oh, how endearing are such providences! Psal. 
 Keli 7} 8: 
 
 ‘The introductiveness of a providence is of spe- 
 cial regard and consideration, and by no means to be 
 neglected by us. There are leading providences 
 which, how slight and trivial they may seem in 
 themselves, yet, iu this respect, justly challenge 
 the first rank among providential favours.to us, be- 
 cause they usher in a multitude of other mercies, 
 and draw a blessed train of happy consequences 
 after them. Such a providence was that of Jes- 
 se’s sending David with provisions to his brethren 
 that lay encamped in the army, 1 Sam. xvii. 17. 
 And thus every Christian may furnish himself out 
 of his own stock of experience, if he will but re- 
 flect and consider the place where he is, the rela- 
 tions that he hath, and the way by which he was 
 Jed into them. . 
 
 The instruments employed by Providence for 
 you are of a special consideration; and the finger 
 of God is clearly seen by us when we pursue that 
 meditation: for sometimes great mercies shall be 
 conveyed to us by very improbable means, and 
 more probable ones. laid aside. A stranger shall 
 be stirred up to do that for you which your near 
 relations in nature had no power or will to do for 
 you, Jonathan, a mere stranger to David, cleaved 
 closer to him, and was more friendly and useful to 
 him, than his own brethren, who despised and 
 slighted him. Ministers have found more kind- 
 ness and respect from strangers, than their own 
 people, who are more obliged to them. «A pro- 
 phet,”’ saith Christ, ‘* is not without honour, save 
 in his own country, among his own kin, and in 
 his own house,’’? Mark vi. 4. 
 
 Sometimes by the hands of enemies as well as 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 127 
 
 strangers. ‘* The earth helped the woman,” Rev. 
 xii. 16. God hath bowed the hearts of many 
 wicked men to show great kindness to his people, 
 Acts xxvill. 2. 
 
 Sometimes God makes use of instruments for 
 good to his people; who designed nothing but evil 
 and mischief to them. ‘Thus Joseph’s brethren 
 were instrumental to his advancement in that very 
 thing wherein they designed his ruin, Gen. 1. 20. 
 
 The design and scope of Providence, what the 
 aim and level of Providence is, must not escape 
 our thorough consideration. And truly this, of all 
 others, is the most warming and melting conside- 
 ration. You have the general account of the aim 
 of all providences in this Scripture: «* And we 
 know that all things work together for good to 
 them that love God,”’ Rom. viii. 28. A thousand 
 friendly hands are at work for them to promote 
 and bring about their happiness. . Oh! this is 
 enough to. sweeten the bitterness of Providence to 
 us, that we know it shall turn to our salvation! 
 Phil. 19. 
 
 The respect and relation Providence bears to our 
 prayers is of singular consideration, and a most 
 taking and sweet meditation... Prayer honours Pro- 
 vidence and Providence honours prayer. Great 
 notice is taken of this in Scripture, Gen. xxiv. 45 ; 
 Dan. ix. 20; Acts xii. 12. You have had the very 
 petitions you asked of him. Providences have 
 borne the very signatures of your prayers upon 
 them. Oh how affectingly sweet are such mer- 
 cies !- 
 
 Second direction. In all your observation of 
 Providence, have special respect to that word of 
 God, which is fulfilled and made good to you 
 thereby. 
 
; 
 
 128 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 This is a clear truth, that all providences have 
 relation to the written word. Thus Solomon, in 
 his prayer, acknowledges that the’ promises and 
 providences of God went along, step by step, with 
 his father David, ali his days; and. that his hand 
 (put there for his providence) had fulfilled whatever 
 his mouth had spoken, 1 Kings viii. 24. So Joshua, 
 in like manner, acknowlédges, that ‘ not one thing 
 had failed of all the good things which the Lord 
 had spoken,” Jos. xxiii. 14. -He had carefully ob- 
 served what relation the works of God had to his 
 word. He compared them together, and found an 
 exact harmony ; and so may you too, if you will 
 compare them as he did. 
 
 ‘This I shall the more insist upon, because it is 
 by some interpreters supposed to be the very scope 
 of the text. For, as was noted in the explication, 
 they supply and fill the sense with the things which 
 he hath promised; and so read the text thus: «I 
 will cry unto God most high, to God who per- 
 formeth the things that he hath promised for me.’’ 
 
 Now, though [ see no reason to limit the sense 
 so narrowly, yet it cannot be denied that this is a 
 special part of its meaning. Let us, therefore, in 
 all our reviews of Providence, consider what word 
 of God, whether it be of threatening, caution, coun- 
 sel, or promise, is at any time made good to us by 
 his providences. And hereby a two-fold excellent 
 advantage will result to us. . 1. This will greatly 
 confirm to us the truth of the Scripture, when we 
 shal! see its truth so manifest in the events. Cer- 
 tainly, had Scripture no other seal or attestation, 
 this alone would be an unanswerable argument of 
 its divinity. When men shall find, in all ages, 
 the work of God wrought so exactly according to 
 this model, that we may say, as we have read, or 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 129 
 
 heard, so have we seen. Oh how great a confir- 
 mation is here before our eyes! 2. This will abun- 
 -danily direct and instruct us in our present duties, 
 under all providences. We shall know hereby 
 what we have to do, and how to carry ourselves 
 under all changes of conditions. You can learn 
 the voice and errand of the rod only from the word, 
 Psal. xciv. 12.. The word interprets the works 
 of God. Providences in themselves are not a per- 
 fect guide: they often puzzle and entangle our 
 thoughts; but bring them to the word, and your 
 duty will be quickly manifested, ‘until I went 
 into the sanctuary, then I understood their end,’’ 
 Psal. Ixxili. 16, 17, and, not only their end, but 
 his own duty, to be quiet in an afflicted condition, 
 and not envy their prosperity. 
 
 Well, then, bring those providences you have 
 past through, or are now under, to the word, and 
 you will find yourselves surrounded with. a mar- 
 vellous light, and see the verification of the Scrip- 
 tures in them. I shall, therefore, here appeal to 
 your consciences, whether you have not found 
 these events of Providence falling out agreeable in 
 all iste with the word. 
 
 . The word tells you, that it is your wisdom 
 Aa ‘interest to keep close to its rules, and the duties 
 it prescribes, that the way of holiness and obedi- 
 ence is the wisest way: ‘** This is your wisdem,”’ 
 Deut. iv. 5, 6. 
 
 Now, let the events of Providence speak whether 
 this be true or not. Certainly it will appear to be 
 so, whether we respect our present comfort, or 
 future happiness, both which we may see daily 
 exposed by departure from duty, and secured by 
 keeping close to it. Let the question be asked of 
 the drunkard, adulterer, or profane swearer, when, 
 
 12 
 
130 DIVINE CONDUCT, OR, 
 
 by sin, they have ruined. body, soul, estate, and 
 name, whether it be their wisdom to walk in those 
 forbidden. paths, after their own lusts; whether 
 they had not better consult their own interest and 
 comfort in keeping within the bounds and limits of 
 God’s commands; and they cannot but confess, 
 that this their way is their folly. ** What fruit,”’ 
 saith the apostle, “ had ye in those things whereof 
 you are now ashamed ? for the end of those things 
 is death,’ Rom. vi. 21. Doth not the providence 
 of God verify upon them those threatenings which 
 are wrilten in the experience of all ages? Prov. 
 xxi, 21, 29, 30; Prov. v.9; Job xxxi. 12; all 
 _which woes and miseries they escape that walk 
 in God’s statutes. Look upon all the ruined estates 
 and bodies you may every where see, and behold 
 the truth of the Scriptures evidently made good in 
 those sad providences, 
 
 2. ‘The word tells you, that your departure from 
 the way of integrity.and simplicity, to make use of 
 sinful policies, shall never profit you, 1 Sam. xii. 
 21; Prov. ii. 5. 
 
 Let the events of Providence speak to this also; 
 ask your own experience, and you shall have a full 
 confirmation of this truth, “Did you ever leave the 
 way of simplicity and integrity, and use sinful 
 shifts to bring about your own designs, and pros- 
 per in that way? Certainly God hath cursed all 
 the ways of sin? and whoever finds them to thrive 
 with them, his peopte shall not. Israel would not 
 rely upon the Lord, but trust in the shadow’ of - 
 Egypt; and what advantage had they by this sin- 
 ful policy ? See Isa. xxx. 1—5. David used a 
 great deal of sinful policy to cover his wicked deed; 
 but did it prosper? See 2 Sam. xii. 12. Sinful 
 policies, in their first appearances, are pleasant and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 131 
 
 promising ; in their management, difficult; in their 
 event, sad. Some, by sinful ways, have gotten 
 wealth: but that Scripture hath, been verified in 
 their experience, ** Treasures of wickedness profit 
 nothing,’? Prov. x. 2. Either. God hath blown 
 upon it by a secret curse, that it hath done them 
 no good, or given them such disquietness: in their 
 consciences that they have been forced to vomit it 
 up ere they could find peace, Job xi. 13—15. _ 
 
 That which David gave in charge to Solomon 
 hath been found experimentally true by thousands, 
 1 Chron. xxii. 12, 135 that the true way to pros- 
 perity is to keep close to the rule of the word! and 
 that the true reason why men cannot prosper, is 
 their forsaking that rule, 2 Chron. xxiv. 20. 
 
 It is true, if God have a purpose to destroy a 
 man, he may for a time suffer him to succeed and 
 prosper in his sin for his greater hardening, Job 
 xil. 6. But itis not so with those whom the Lord 
 loves; their sinful shifts shall never thrive with 
 them. 
 
 8. The word prohibits your trust and confidence 
 in the creature, even in the greatest and most pow- 
 erful among creatures, Psal. exlvi. 3; it tells us that 
 it is better to trust in the Lord, than in them, Psal. 
 exvill. 9. It forbids our confidence in those. crea- 
 tures that are most nearly allied and related in the 
 bonds of nature to us, Mic. vii. 5. It curseth the 
 man that gives that reliance to the creature which 
 is due to God, Jer. xvii. 5. 
 
 Consult the events. of Providence in this case, 
 and see whether the word be not verified therein. 
 Did you ever lean upon an Egyptian reed, and did 
 it not break under you, and pierce as well as de- 
 ceive you? Oh, how often hath this been evident 
 in our experience! Whatsoever we have over- 
 
132 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 loved, idolized, and leaned upon, God hath, from 
 time to time, broken it, and made us to see the 
 vanity of it; so that we find the readiest course to 
 be rid of our comforts is to set our hearts inor- 
 dinately or immoderately upon them ; for our God 
 is a jealous God, and will not part with his glory 
 to another. ‘The world is full of examples of per- 
 sons deprived of their comforts, husbands, wives, 
 children, estates, &c., upon this account and by 
 this means. If Jonah be overjoyed in his gourd, a 
 worm is presently prepared to smite it. -Hence 
 it is that so many graves are opened for the bury- 
 ing of our idols out of our sight. If David say, 
 ‘* My mountain shall stand strong, I shall not be 
 moved ;”’ the next news he shall hear, is of dark- 
 ness and trouble, Psal. xxx. 6, 7. Oh, how true 
 and faithful do we find these sayings of God to be! 
 Who cannot but put to his seal, and say, Thy 
 words are truth ? 
 
 4. The word assures us, that sin is the cause 
 and inlet of affliction and sorrow, and that there is 
 an inseparable connexion betwixt them: * Be sure 
 your sin will find you out,” Num. xxxii. 23, that 
 is, the sad effects and afflictions that follow it shall 
 find you out. ‘If his sons forsake my law, I will 
 visit their iniquities with rods,’’ Psal. Ixxxix. 
 30—32. / 
 
 Inquire now at the mouth of Providence whether 
 this be indeed so, according to the reports of the 
 word. Ask but your own experiences, and you 
 shall find, that just so Providence hath ordered it 
 all along your way. When did you grow into a 
 secure, vain, carnal frame, but you found some 
 rousing, startling providence sent to awaken you? 
 When did you wound your consciences with guilt, 
 and God did not wound you for it in some other 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 133 
 
 of your beloved enjoyments? Nay, so ordinary is 
 this with God, that, from the observations of their 
 own frames and ways, many Christians have fore- 
 boded and presaged troubles at hand. 
 
 Ido not say that God never afflicts his people 
 but for their sin; for he may do it for their trial, 
 1 Pet. iv. 12; nor do I say that God follows every 
 sin witha rod; for who then should stand before 
 him! Psal. cxxx. 3, but this I say, that it is God’s 
 usual way to visit the sins of his people with rods 
 of affliction, and this is in mercy to their souls, 
 Upon this account it was, that the rod of God was 
 upon David in a long succession of troubles upon 
 his kingdom and family, after that great prevarica- 
 tion of his, 2 Sam. xii. 9,.10. And if we would 
 carefully search out the seeds and ‘principles of 
 those miseries, under which we or ours do groan, 
 we should find them to be our own turnings aside 
 from the Lord, according to Jer. ii. 19—iv. 18. 
 Have not all these cautions and threatenings of the 
 word been exactly fulfilled by Providence in your 
 own experience? Who can but see the infallible 
 truth of God in all that he hath threatened? And 
 no less evident is the truth of the promises to all 
 that will observe how Providence makes them good 
 every day to us; for, consider, 
 
 5. What great security God hath given to his 
 people, in the promises, that no man shall lose any 
 thing by self-denial, for his sake. He hath told 
 us, ‘¢ Verily, I say unto you, there is no man that 
 hath left house, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or 
 mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my sake 
 and the gospel’s; but he shall receive a hundred 
 fold in.this time, houses, and brethren, and sisters, 
 and mothers, and children, and lands with perse- 
 
134 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 cutions, and, in the world to come, eternal life,’’ 
 Mark x. 29, 30. 
 
 Though that-vile apostate, Julian, derided this 
 promise, yet thousands and ten thousands have ex- 
 perienced it, and do at this day stand ready to set 
 their seal to it. God hath made it good to his 
 people, notonly in spirituals, inward joy, and peace, 
 but even in temporals also; instead of natural re- 
 lations who took care for them before, hundreds of 
 Christians shall stand ready to assist and help them; 
 so that, though they have left all for Christ, yet 
 they may say with the apostle, ‘*as having nothing, 
 and yet possessing all things,’ 2 Cor. vi. 10. Oh 
 the admirable care and tenderness of Providence 
 over those that, for conscience sake, have left all 
 and cast themselves upon its immediate care! Are 
 there not, at this day, to be found many so pro- 
 vided for, even to the envy of their enemies, and 
 their own admiration. Who sees not the faithful- 
 nesss of God in the promises, that hath but a heart 
 to trust God in them ? 
 
 6. ‘The word of promise assures us, that what- 
 ever wants and straits the saints fall into,-their God 
 ‘*will never leave them nor forsake them,’ Heb. 
 xiil. 5, that * he will be. with them in trouble,” 
 gal. -xcic, 35: 
 
 Consult the various providences of your life to 
 this point, and I doubt not but you will find the 
 truth of these promises as often confirmed as you 
 have been in trouble. Ask your own hearts, where 
 or when was it that your God forsook you, and 
 left you to sink and perish under your burdens? I 
 doubt not, but most of you have been at one time 
 or other plunged in difficulties, difficulties out of 
 which you could see no way of escape by the eye 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 135 
 
 of reason; yea such as, it may be, staggered your 
 faith in the promise, as David’s was, when he said, 
 “T shall one day: perish by the hand of Saul,’’ 
 1 Sam. xxvil.. 1. ** All men are liars,’’ even Sam- 
 vel himself; and yet, notwithstanding all, we see 
 him emerge out of that sea of trouble, and the pro- 
 mises made good in every tittle to him. You may, 
 doubtless, observe the like in your own cases. 
 Ask your own souls the question, and they will 
 satisfy it. Did God abandon and cast you off in 
 the day of your straits? Certainly you must belie 
 your own experience, if you should say so. It is 
 true, there have been some plunges and difficulties 
 you have met with, wherein you could see no way 
 of escape, but concluded you must perish in them ; 
 difficulties that have staggered your faith in the 
 promises, and made you doubt whether the Foun- 
 tain of-all-sufficiency would let out itself for your 
 relief; yea, such difficulties as have tempted you 
 to murmuring and impatience, and thereby pro- 
 voked the Lord to forsake you in your straits; but 
 yet you see he did not. He hath either strength- 
 ened your back to bear, or lightened your burden, 
 or opened an unexpected door of escape, according 
 to that promise, 1 Cor. x. 18, so that the evil 
 which you feared came notupon you. . 
 
 7. You read, that the word of God is the only 
 support and relief to a gracious soul in the dark 
 day of affliction, Psal. cxix. 5U, 92; 2Sam. xxiii. 
 5. That for this very purpose it was written, 
 Rom. xv. 4. No rules of moral prudence, no sen- 
 sual remedies, can perform that for us which the 
 word can do. 
 
 And is not this a sealed truth, attested by a thou- 
 sand undeniable experiences? Hence have the 
 saints fetched their cordials when fainting under 
 
136 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 the rod. One word of God can do more than ten 
 thousand words of men to relieve a distressed soul. 
 If Providence have at any time directed you to 
 such promises as either assure you that the Lord 
 will be with you in trouble, Psal. xci. 15, or, that 
 encourage you from inward peace, to bear cheer- 
 fully outward burdens, John xvi. 33, or satisfy you 
 of God’s tenderness and moderation in his dealings 
 with you, Isa. xxvii. 8, or that you shall reap 
 blessed fruits from them, Rom. viii. 28, or that 
 clear up your interest in God, and his love under 
 your afflictions, 2 Sam. vii. 14. Oh! what sen- 
 sible ease and relief ensues! How light is your 
 burden compared with what it was before ! 
 
 8. The word tells us, that there is no such way 
 to improve our estates, as to lay them out with a 
 cheerful liberality for God: and that our withhold- 
 ing our hands, when God and duty ealls to distri- 
 bute, will not be for our advantage. See Prov. 
 x1.25; Isai xxxii. 8; Prov. Xix. 17 ;. Prov. xi/24. 
 
 Consult Providence now, and you shall find it, 
 in all respects, according to the report of the word. 
 Oh how true is the Scripture testimony herein! 
 There are many thousand witnesses now living, 
 who can set their seals to both parts of this propo- 
 sition. What men save (as they count saving) 
 with one hand, Providence scatters -by another 
 hand; and what they scatter abroad with a liberal 
 hand and single eye for God, is surely repaid to 
 them or theirs. Never did any man lose by dis- 
 tributing for God. He that lends to the poor, puts 
 his money to interest to the Lord, as some expound 
 that text. Some have observed, how Providence 
 hath doubled all they have laid out for God in 
 ways unexpected to them. | 
 
 9. ‘The word assures us, that the best expedient 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 137 
 
 for a man to settle his own interest, in the con- 
 sciences and affections of men, is to direct his 
 ways so as to please the Lord, Prov. xvi. 7, and 
 doth not Providence confirm it? This the three 
 Jews found by experience, Dan. ili. 28, 29, and so 
 did Dan. vi. 20—22. This kept up John’s repu- 
 tation in the conscience of Herod, Mark vi. 20. 
 So it fell out when Constantius made that explora- 
 tory decree; those who were conscientious were 
 preferred, and those who changed their religion, 
 were expelled. Never did any man lose at last by 
 his fidelity. 
 
 10. The written word tells us that the best expe- 
 dient to inward peace and tranquillity of mind, 
 under puzzling and distracting troubles, is to com- 
 mit ourselves and our case to the Lord; so you 
 read, Psalm xxxvii. 5—7, and Prov. xvi. 3. 
 
 And as you have read in the word, so you have 
 found it in your own experience. Oh! what a 
 burden is off your shoulders, when you have re- 
 signed the case to God! Then doth Providence 
 issue your affairs comfortably for you. ‘The diffi- 
 culty 1s soon over, when the heart is brought to this. 
 
 ‘Thus you see how Scriptures are fulfilled by 
 Providence in these few instances I have given of 
 it. Compare them in all other cases, and you shall 
 find the same; for all the lines of Providence lead 
 from the Scriptures, and return thither again, and 
 do most visibly begin and end there. 
 
 Third direction. In all your reviews and ob- 
 servations of Providence, be sure that you eye God 
 as the author and orderer of them all, Prov. iil. 6. 
 
 1. In all the comfortable providences of your 
 lives eye God as the author or donor of them. 
 Remember he is the Father of mercies, that begets 
 every mercy for you: ‘The God of all comfort,” 
 
138 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 2 Cor. i. 3, without whose order no merey or 
 comfort can come to your hands. And think it 
 not enough thus to aknowledge him in a general 
 way; but, when you receive mercies, take special 
 notice of the following particulars : 
 
 (1.) Eye the care of God for you, 1. Pet. v. 7. 
 ‘He careth for you, your Father knows you have 
 need of these things,’ Matt. vi. 32. It is but to 
 acquaint him what you want, and your wants are 
 supplied, Phil. iv. 6. ‘Torture not yourselves 
 about it, you have a Father that cares for you. 
 
 (2.) Eye the wisdom of God in the way of dis- 
 pensing his mercies to you, how suitably they are 
 ordered to your condition, and how seasonably. 
 When one comfort is cut off, and removed, another 
 is raised up in its room. ‘Thus Isaac was com- 
 forted in Rebecea after his mother’s death, Gen. 
 XXIV. 67. 
 
 (3.) Eye the free grace of God in them, yea 
 see riches of grace in every bequest of comfort to 
 such vile and unworthy creatures as you are. See 
 yourselves over-topped by the least of all your 
 mercies; ‘*] am not worthy of the least,’’ said Ja- 
 cob, Gen. xxxii. 10. . 
 
 (4.) Eye the condescension of God to your re- 
 quests for those mercies, Psal. xxxiv. 6. This is 
 the sweetest bit in any enjoyment, in which a 
 man can sensibly relish the return and answer of 
 his prayers, and greatly inflames the soul’s love to 
 God, Psal. exvi. 1. 
 
 (5.) Eye the design and end of God in all your 
 comforts. Know that it is not sent to satisfy the 
 cravings of your sensual appetite, but to quicken 
 and enable you for a more cheerful discharge of 
 your duty, Deut. xxviil. 47. 
 
 (6.) Eye the way and method in which your 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 139 
 
 mercies are conveyed to you. They all flow to 
 you through the blood of Christ, and covenant of 
 grace, 1 Cor. ili. 22, 23. Mercies derive their 
 sweetness from the channel through which they 
 run we us. 
 
 7.) Eye the distinguishing goodness of God in 
 all the comfortable enjoyments of your lives. How 
 many thousands, better than you, are denied those 
 comforts? See Heb. xi. 37. 
 
 (8.) Eye them all as comforts, appointed to re- 
 fresh you in your way to far better and greater 
 mercies-than themselves. ‘The best mercies are 
 still reserved till the last, and all these are intro- 
 ductive of better. 
 
 2. In all the sad and afflictive providences that 
 befall you, eye God as the author and orderer of 
 them also; so he represents himself to us; ** Be- 
 hold, I frame evil against you, and devise a device 
 against you,’ Jer. xviii. 11; and * Is there evil in 
 the city, and the Lord hath not done it?”” Amos 
 ill. 6. More particularly, 
 
 (1.) Set befere you the sovereignty of God. 
 Eye him as a being infinitely superior-to you, at 
 beer pleasure, you, and all you have, is, Psal. 
 exv. 3, which is the most conclusive reason and 
 argument of submission, Psal. xlvi. 10, for if we, 
 end all we have, proceeded from his will, how 
 equal is it that we be resigned up to it?. Its not 
 many years ago since we were not, and, when it 
 pleased him to bring us upon the stage of action, 
 we had no liberty of contracting with him on what 
 terms we would come into the world; or, refuse 
 to be, except we might have our being on such 
 terms as we desired. His sovereignty is glorious- 
 ly displayed in his eternal decrees and temporal 
 providences. He might have put you into what 
 
140 DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, ie 
 
 rank of creatures he pleased. He might have 
 made you the most despicable creatures, worms, 
 or toads; or, if men, the most vile, abject, and 
 miserable; and when you had run through all the 
 miseries of this life, have damned you to eternity, 
 made you miserable for ever, and all this without 
 any wrong to you. And shall not this quiet us 
 under the common afflictions of this life? 
 
 (2.) Set the grace and goodness of God before 
 you in all afflictive providences. O see him pass- 
 ing by you in the cloudy and dark day, proclaim- 
 ing his name, ‘*'The Lord, the Lord, merciful and 
 gracious.” ‘There are two sorts of mercies that 
 are seldom eclipsed by the darkest affliction, which 
 befall the saints in their temporal concerns, name- 
 ly, sparing mercy in this world, and saving mercy 
 in that tocome. It is not so bad now as it might, 
 and we deserved it should be, and it will be better 
 hereafter. ‘This the church observed, and reason- 
 ed herself quiet from it, Lam. iii. 22, Hath he 
 taken some? he might have taken all. Are we 
 afflicted? It is a mercy we are not destroyed. 
 Oh! if we consider what temporal mercies are yet 
 spared, and what spiritual mercies are bestowed, 
 and yet continued to ‘us, we shall find cause to 
 admire mercy, rather than complain of severity. 
 
 (3.) Eye the wisdom of God in all your afflie- 
 tions: behold it'in the choice of the kind of your 
 affliction, this, and not another; the time, now, and 
 not at another season ; the degree, in this measure 
 only, and not ina greater; the supports afforded 
 you under it, not left altogether helpless; the issue, 
 to which it is overruled, it is to your good, not 
 ruin. Look upon all these, and then ask thy heart 
 that question God asked Jonah, * Dost thou well 
 to be angry?” Surely, when you consider all, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 141 
 
 what need you have had of these rods, that your 
 corruptions will require all this, it may be much 
 more, to mortify them; that without the perishing 
 of these things, you might have perished for ever; 
 you will see great reason to be quiet and well satis- 
 fied under the hand of God. 
 
 (4.) Set the faithfulness of the Lord before you 
 under the saddest providences. -So did David, Psal. 
 exix. 75. This is according to his covenant faith- 
 fulness, Psal. Ixxxix. 32. Hence it is, that the 
 Lord will not withhold a rod when need requires 
 it, 1 Pet. i. 6, nor will he forsake his people un- 
 der the rod, when he inflicts it, 2 Cor. iv. 9. 
 
 Oh! what quietness will this breed! I see my 
 God will not lose my heart, if a rod can prevent 
 it; he had rather hear me groan here, than how! 
 hereafier; his love is judicious, not fond; he con- 
 sults my good, rather than my ease. 
 
 (5.) Eye the all-sufficiency of God in the day 
 of affliction. See enough in him still, whatever be 
 gone. Here is the fountain still as full as ever, 
 though this or that pipe be cut off, which was 
 wont to convey somewhat of it to me. O Chris- 
 tians, cannot you make up any loss this way? 
 Cannot you see more in God than in any, or all 
 the creature-comforts you have lost? With what 
 eyes, then, do you look upon God? . 
 
 (6.) Eye the immutability. of God. Look on 
 him as the Rock. of ages, ‘the Father of lights, 
 with whom is no variableness, nor shadow of turn- 
 ing,’ James, 1.17. Eye Jesus Christ as * the 
 same yesterday, to-day, and for ever.’’ Oh, how 
 quietly will you then behave yourselves under the 
 changes of Providence! It may be, two or three 
 days have made a sad change in your condition! 
 the death of a dear relation hath turned all things 
 
142 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 upside down: that place is empty where lately he 
 was, ‘his place shall know him no more,” Job 
 vii. 10. Well, but God is what he was, and where 
 he was; time shall make no change upon him; 
 ‘the grass withereth, the flower fadeth, but the 
 word of the Lord abideth for ever,’ Isa. xl. 8. 
 Oh! how composing are those views of God to 
 our spirits, under dark providences ! 
 Fourth direction. Work up your hearts to those 
 frames, and exercise those affections which the 
 several providences of God, that are about you, 
 eall for, Eccles. vii. 14. Suit yourselves to ‘an- 
 swer the design and end of God in all providences. 
 As there are various affections planted in your 
 souls, so are there several graces planted in those 
 affections, and several providences appointed to 
 draw forth and exercise these graces. 2 
 When the providences of God are sad and afflic- 
 tive, either upon the church in general, or your 
 families and persons in particular, then it is sea- 
 sonable for you to exercise godly sorrow, and hu- 
 mility of spirit; for in that day, and by those pro- 
 vidences, Ged doth call to it, Isa. xxii. 12; Micah 
 vi. 9.. Now sensitive pleasure and natural joy is 
 out of season, ‘should we then make mirth?” 
 Ezek. xxi. 10. If there be either a filial spirit in 
 us, we cannot be light and vain, when our Father 
 is angry; or, if any real sense of the evil of sin, 
 which provokes God’s anger, we must be heavy- 
 hearted when God is smiting for it; or, if any 
 sense ard compassion for the miseries that sin 
 brings upon the world, it will make us say with 
 David, «1 beheld the transgressors, and was griev- 
 ed,’’ Psal. cxix. 158. It is’ sad to consider the 
 miseries that they pull down upon themselves in 
 this world, and that to come. If there*be any care 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 143 
 
 in us to prevent utter, ruin, and stop God in the 
 way of his anger, we know this is the means to 
 do it, Amos iv. 12. : : 
 
 How sad and dismal soever the face of Provi- 
 dence be, yet still maintain spiritual joy and com- 
 fort in God under all. ‘+ ‘Though there be no herd 
 in the stall, yet will I rejoice in the Lord, I will 
 joy in the God of my salvation,’’? Hab. iii. 17, 18. 
 
 There are two sorts of comforts—natural and 
 sensitive, divine and spiritual. ‘There is a time 
 when it becomes Christians to exercise both; so 
 Esth. ix, 22. And there isa time when the former 
 is to be suspended, and laid by, Psal. exxxvii. 2. 
 But there is no season wherein spiritual joy and 
 comfort in God is unseasonable, as appears by 
 those Scriptures, 1 Thess. v. 16, and Phil. iv. 4. 
 This spiritual joy, or comfort, is nothing else but 
 the cheerfulness of our heart in God, and-the sense 
 of our interest in him and in his promises; ‘and it 
 is sure that no providence can render this unsea- 
 sonable to a Christian. Let us suppose the most 
 afflictive and calamitous state a Christian can be 
 incident to; yet, why should sad providences make 
 him lay by his comforts in God?) Whereas those 
 are but for a moment, but these eternal, 2 Cor. 
 lve LZ. , ‘ : 
 
 Why should we lay by our joy in. God upon the 
 account of sad providences without; when, at the 
 very worst and lowest ebb, the saints have infinite- 
 ly more cause to rejoice, than to be cast down? 
 ‘There is more in one of their mercies to comfort 
 them, than in all their troubles to deject them. All 
 your losses are but as the loss of a farthing to a 
 prince, Rom. viii. 18. | 
 
 Why should they be sad as longas their God is 
 with them in all their troubles?) As Christ saith, 
 
144. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 ‘*Can the children of the bride-chamber be sad, 
 whilst the bridegroom is with them ?’? Matt, ix. 
 15. So say 1: Can the soul be sad, whilst God 
 is with it? Oh! methinks that one promise, ‘1 
 will be with him in trouble,’’ Psal. xci. 15, should 
 bear you up under all burdens... Let them be cast 
 down that have no God in trouble to turn to. 
 
 Why should they be sad as long as no outward 
 dispensation of Providence, be it ever so sad, can 
 be interpreted as a mark or sign of God’s hatred, 
 or enmity? ‘There is one event to the righteous 
 and the wicked,’ Eccles. ix. 2,3. Indeed, if it 
 were a signification of the Lord’s wrath against a 
 man, it would justify our dejection; but this ean- 
 not be so; his heart is full of love, whilst the face 
 of Providence is full of frowns. 
 
 Why should we be cast down under sad provi- 
 dences, whilst we have such great security, that 
 even, by the hands of these providences, God will 
 do us good, and all these things shall * turn to our 
 salvation,” Rom. viii. 28. By these, God is but 
 killing your lusts, weaning your hearts from a vain 
 world, preventing temptations, and exciting de- 
 sires after heaven; this is all the hurt they shall 
 do; and shall that sadden us? " 
 
 Why should we lay by our joy in God when 
 the change of our condition is so nigh? It is but 
 a little while, and sorrows shall flee away; you 
 shall never suffer more :.** God will wipe away all 
 tears,’ Rev. vii. 17. Well, then, you see there is 
 no reason, upon the account of Providence, to give 
 up your joy and comfort in God. But if you will 
 maintain it under all providences, then be careful; 
 
 1. ‘To clear up your interest in and title to God. 
 Faith may be separated from comfort, but assu- 
 rance Cannot, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 145 
 
 2. Mortify your inordinate affections to earthly 
 things. ‘This makes providences, that deprive and 
 cross us, so heavy. Mortify your opinion and af- 
 fection, and you sensibly lighten your affliction, 
 It is a strong affection that makes strong affliction. 
 
 3. Dwell much upon the meditation: of the 
 Lord’s near approach, and then all these things 
 will seem but trifles to you. ** Let. your modera- 
 tion be known unto all men: the Lord is at hand.” 
 
 Exercise heavenly-mindedness, and keep your 
 hearts upon things eternal, under all the provi- 
 dences with which the Lord exercises you in this 
 world, Gen. vi. 9. Noah walked with God, yet 
 met with as sad providences, in his day, as any 
 man that ever lived since his time. But, alas! we 
 find most providences rather stop than step in our 
 walk with God. If we be under comfortable pro- 
 vidences, how sensual, wanton, and worldly do 
 our hearts grow! and if sad providences befall us, 
 how indolent or distracted are we! And _ this 
 comes to pass, partly through the narrowness, but 
 mostly through the deceitfulness of our spirits. 
 Our hearts are narrow, and know not how to man- 
 age two businesses of such different natures, as 
 earthly and heavenly matters are, without detri- 
 ment to one. But, certainly, such a frame of spi- 
 rit is attainable that will enable us to keep on in 
 an even and steady course with God, whatever 
 befall us.. Others have attained it, and why not 
 we? Prosperous providences are for the most 
 part a dangerous state to the soul. The moon 
 never suffers an eclipse but at full; yet Jehosha- 
 phat’s grace suffered no eclipse from the fulness 
 of his outward condition, who ‘had riches in 
 abundance, and his heart was lifted up in the way 
 of God’s commandments,” 2 Chron. xvii. a7. 
 
 13 
 
146 — DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 David’s life was as full of cares, turmoils, and in- 
 cumbrances, as most men we read of; yet how 
 spiritual the temper of his heart was, that excel- 
 lent book of Psalms, the most of which was com- 
 posed amidst those distractions, will acquaint us. 
 ‘The apostles were cast into as great necessities, 
 and suffered as hard things as ever men did; yet 
 how raised and heavenly their spirits were amidst 
 all, who sees not? And, certainly, if it were not 
 possible to maintain heavenly-mindedness in such 
 a state and posture of affairs, God would never ex- 
 ercise any of his people with such providences: 
 he would never give you so much of the world to 
 lose your hearts:in the love of it; or so little, to 
 distract you with the cares of it. If, therefore, we 
 were more deeply sanctified, and the tendencies of 
 our hearts heaven-ward more ardent and vigorous ; 
 if we were more mortified to earthly things, and 
 could but keep our due distance from them; our 
 ‘outward conditions would not, at this rate, draw 
 forth and exercise our inward corruptions, nor 
 would we hazard the loss of so sweet an enjoy- 
 ment as our fellowship with God is, for the sake 
 of any concern our bodies have on earth. 
 
 Under all providences, maintain a contented 
 heart with what the Lord allots you, be it more or 
 less of the things of this world. ‘This grace must 
 run parallel with all providences. ‘* Learn how 
 to be full, and how to suffer want, and in every 
 state to be content,’’ Phil. iv. 12, 
 
 In this duty, all men are concerned at all times, 
 and in every state, not only the people of God, but 
 even the unregenerate also. I will therefore ad- 
 dress.some considerations proper to both. And, 
 first, to the unregenerate, to stop their mouths from 
 
 repining, and charging God foolishly, when Pro- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 147 
 
 vidence crosses them. Let them seriously con- 
 sider these four things : 
 
 (1.) That hell and eternal damnation are the por- 
 tion of their cup, according to the tenor of the law 
 and gospel threatenings. Whatsoever, therefore, 
 is short of this is to be admired as the fruit of 
 God’s stupendous patience and forbearance towards 
 them. Ah! poor souls! know you not that you 
 are men and women, condemned to wrath by the 
 plain sentence of the law! Mark xvi. 16. John iii. 
 36. 2'Thess.i. 6,7. And ifso, surely there are other 
 matters to exercise your thoughts, desires, fears, 
 and care about, than these. Alas! if you cannot 
 bear a frown of providence, a light cross in these 
 things, how will you bear everlasting burning? A 
 man that is to lose his head to-morrow, is not very 
 solicitous what bed he lies on, or how his table is 
 furnished the night before. 
 
 (2.) Consider, though you be condemned per- 
 sons, and have no promise to entitle you to any 
 mercy, yet there are very many mercies in your 
 possession at this day. Be your condition as 
 afflictive as it will, is life nothing? especially con- 
 sidering, whither you must sink when that thread 
 is cut. Are the necessary supports of life nothing? 
 Doth not Providence minister to you these things, 
 thongh you daily disoblige it, and provoke God to 
 send you to your own place? But, above all, is 
 the gospél and precious means of salvation nothing, 
 by which you yet are in a capacity of escaping the 
 damnation of hell? Oh what would the damned say, 
 if they were but put into your condition once 
 more? What! and yet fret against God, because 
 every thing else suits not your desires ? 
 
 3.) Consider, that if ever you be rescued out 
 of that miserable condition you are in, such cross 
 
148 DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 providences as these vou complain of are the most 
 probable means to do it. Alas! prosperity and 
 success is not the way to save, but destroy you, 
 Prov. i. 832. You must be bound in fetters, and 
 holden in cords of affliction, if ever your ear be 
 opened to instruction, Job xxxvi. 8—10. Wo to 
 you, if you go on smoothly in the way in which 
 you are, and meet with no crosses. ; 
 
 (4.) Consider. all your troubles, under which 
 you complain, are pulled down upon your heads by 
 your own sins. You turn God’s mercies into sin, 
 and then fret against God, because he turns your 
 Sins into sorrow. Your ways and doings procure 
 these things to you. Lay your hand, therefore, 
 upon your mouth, and say, « Why doth a living 
 man complain, a man for the punishment of his 
 sin!’ Lam. iii. 39. But I must turn to the Lord’s 
 people, who have least pretences of all men to be 
 dissatisfied with any of God’s providences, and 
 yet are but too. frequently found in that temper. 
 And to them I shall offer the following considera- 
 tions: 
 
 [1.] Consider your spiritual mercies and privi- 
 leges with which the Lord Jesus hath invested you, 
 and repine at-your lot of providence if you can, 
 One of these mercies alone hath enough in it to 
 sweeten all your troubles in this world. When 
 the apostle considered them, his heart was over- 
 whelmed with astonishment, so that he could not - 
 forbear, in the midst of all his outward troubles, to 
 cry out, ‘* Blessed be the God and Father of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ, who hath abounded to us in all 
 our spiritual blessings,’ &c. Eph. i. 3.. Oh! who 
 that sees such an inheritance settled upon him in 
 Christ can ever open his mouth more to repine at 
 his lot of providence ? 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 149 
 
 [2.] Consider your sins, and-that will make 
 you contented with your lot. Yea, consider these 
 two things in sin: what it deserves from God, and 
 what it requires to mortify and purge it in you. 
 It deserves from God eternal ruin; the merit of 
 hell is in the least vain thought. Every sin for- 
 feits all the mercies you have; and if so, rather 
 wonder your mercies are so many, than that you 
 have no more. Besides, you cannot doubt but 
 your corruptions require all the crosses, wants, 
 and troubles, that are upon you, and, it may be, a 
 great deal more, to mortify and subdue them. Do 
 not you find, after all the rods that have been upon 
 you, a proud heart still, a vain and earthly heart 
 sll? Oh! how many bitter potions are necessary 
 to purge out this tough, malignant-humour! | 
 
 [3.} Consider how near you are to the change 
 of your condition. Have but a little patience, and 
 all will be as well with you as your hearts can de- 
 sire. tis no small comfort to the saints, that this 
 world is the worst place that ever they shall be in; 
 things will be better every day with them. If the 
 traveller have spent all his money, yet it doth not 
 much trouble him, if he know himself within a few 
 miles of his own home. If there be no candles in 
 the house, we do not much care for it, if we are 
 sure it is almost break of day; for then there will 
 be no use for them. This is your case: “Your 
 salvation is nearer than when you believed,’’ Rom. 
 xiii. 12, 
 
 I have done with the directive part of this dis- 
 course; but before I proceed further, I judge it 
 necessary to leave a few cautions to prevent the 
 abuse of Providence, and your miscarriages in your 
 behaviour towards it. 
 
 first caution. If Providence delay the perform- 
 
150 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 ance of any mercy to you, that you have long waited 
 and prayed for, yet sce that you despond not, nor 
 grow weary of waiting upon God for that reason. 
 It pleases the Lord oftentimes to try and exercise 
 his people this way, and make them cry, * How 
 Jong, Lord, how long ?”’ Psal. xiii. 1, 2. 
 
 ‘hese delays, both upon spiritual and temporal 
 accounts, are frequent, and, when they befall us, 
 we are too apt to interpret them as denials, and fall 
 into a sinful dispondeney of mind, though there be 
 no cause at all for it, Psal. xxxi. 12, and Lam. 
 li. 8. 44. It is not always that the returns of 
 prayer are despatched to us in the same hour they 
 are asked of God; yet sometimes it falls out so, 
 Isa. Ixv. 24, and Dan. ix. 23. But though the 
 Lord means to perform to us the mercies we desire, 
 yet he will ordinarily exercise our patience to wait 
 for them; and that for these reasons: 1. Beeause 
 our time is not the proper season for us to receive 
 our mercies in. Now the season of mercy is a 
 very great circumstance, that adds much to the 
 value of it. God judges not as we do; we are all 
 in haste, and will have it now, ‘* But he is a God 
 of judgment, and blessed are they that wait for 
 him,” Isa. xxx. 18. 2. Afflictive providences have 
 not accomplished that design upon our hearts which 
 they were sent for, when we are so’earnest and 
 Impatient for a change of them, and till then the 
 rod must not be taken off, Isa. x. 12, 3. The more 
 prayers and searchings of heart come between-our 
 wants and supplies, our afflictions and reliefs, the 
 sweeter are our reliefs and supplies thereby made. 
 tous. ‘ This is our God, we have waited for him, 
 and he will save us: this is the Lord, we have 
 waited for him, we will rejoice and be glad in his 
 salvation,’ Isa. xxv. 9. ‘This recompenses the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. lok 
 
 delay, and pays us for all the expenses of our pa- 
 llence. bis eg . 
 
 But though there be such weighty reasons for 
 the stop and delay of refreshing, comfortable pro- 
 vidences, yet we cannot bear it, owr hands hang 
 down, and we faint, **I am weary of my crying, 
 my throat is dry, mine eyes fail, while I wait for 
 my God,” Psal. Ixix. 3. For alas! we judge by 
 sense and appearance, and consider not that God’s 
 heart may be towards us, whilst the hand of his 
 Providence seems to be against us. If things con- 
 tinue at one rate with us, we think our prayers 
 are lost, and our hopes perished from the Lord: 
 much more when things grow. worse and worse, 
 and our darkness and trouble increase, as usually 
 they do, just before the break of day and change of 
 our condition, then we conclude God is angry with 
 our prayers.’ See Gideon’s reply, Judg. vi. 13. 
 This even staggered the faith of a Moses, Exod. v. 
 22, 23. Oh what groundless jealousies and sus- 
 picions of God are found at such times in the hearts 
 of his own children! Job ix. 16, 17, and Psal. 
 Ixxviil. 7—9. 
 
 But this is our great evil, and, to prevent it in 
 future trials, I will offer a. few proper considera- 
 tions in the case: 
 
 1. ‘The delay of your mercies is really for your 
 advantage. You read, that the Lord waits that he 
 may be gracious,’ Isa. xxx. 18. What is that? 
 Why,.it is nothing else but the time of his prepa- 
 ration of mercies for you and your hearts, for 
 mercy that so ye may have it with the greatest ad- 
 vantage of comfort. The foolish child would 
 pluck the apple whilst it is green; but, when it is 
 ripe, It drops off of its own accord, and is more 
 pleasant and wholesome, | 
 
152 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 2. It is a greater mercy to have a heart willing 
 to refer all to God, and to be at his disposal, than 
 to enjoy presently the mercy we are most eager 
 and impatient for: in that, God pleases you; in 
 this, you please God. A mercy may be given you 
 as the fruit of common providence, but such a 
 temper of heart is the fruit of special grace. So 
 much as the glorifying of God is better than the 
 content and pleasure of the creature, so much is 
 such a frame better than such a fruition. . 
 
 -3. Expected mercies are never nearer than when 
 the hearts and hopes of God’s people are lowest. 
 ‘Thus in their deliverance out of Egypt and Baby- 
 lon, Ezek. xxxvii. 11, so we have found it in our 
 own personal concerns: ‘+ At evening time it shall 
 be light,’ Zech. xiv. 7. When we look for in- 
 creasing darkness, light arises. | 
 
 4. Our unfitness for mercies is the reason why 
 they are delayed so long. We put the bloeks into 
 the way of mercy, and then repine that they make 
 no more haste to us. ‘The Lord’s hand is not 
 shortened, but our iniquities have separated betwixt 
 him and us,”’ Isa. lix. 1, 2. 
 
 5. Consider, the mercies you wait for are the 
 fruits of pure grace; you deserve them not, nor 
 can claim them upon any title of desert; and there- 
 fore have great reason to wait for them in a patient 
 and thankful frame. 
 
 6. Consider how many millions of men, as good 
 as.you by nature, are cut off from all hope and ex- 
 pectation of mercy for ever, and there remains to 
 them nothing but “a fearful expectation of wrath.” 
 This might have been your case: and therefore be 
 not of an impatient spirit, under the expectations 
 of mercy. 
 
 Second caution. Pry not too curiously into the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 153 
 
 secrets of Providence, nor suffer your shallow rea- 
 son arrogantly to judge and censure its designs. 
 
 There are hard texts in the works, as well as in 
 the word of God. It becomes us modestly and 
 humbly to reverence, but not to dogmatize too 
 boldly and positively upon them; aman may ea- 
 sily get a strain by. over-reaching. ‘* When I 
 thought to know this,” saith Asaph, ‘it was too 
 wonderful for me.’ J thought to know this: 
 there was the arrogant attempt of reason, there he 
 pried into the arcana of Providence; but if was too 
 wonderful for me: it was but useless labour, as 
 Calvin expounds it. He pried so far into that 
 puzzling mystery of the afflictions of the righteous, 
 and prosperity of the wicked, till it begat envy 
 towards them, and despondency in himself, Psalm 
 Ixxili. 3. 13, and this was all he got by summoning 
 _ Providence to the bar of reason. Holy Job was 
 guilty of this evil, and was ingenuously ashamed 
 of it, Job xlii. 3. 
 
 I know there is nothing in the word, or.in the 
 works of God, that is repugnant to sound reason; 
 but there are some things in both, which are oppo- 
 site to carnal reason, as well as above right reason; 
 and therefore our reason never shows itself more 
 unreasonable, than in summoning those things to 
 its bar, which transcend its sphere and capacity. 
 Manifold are the mischiefs which ensue upon this 
 practice. For, by this we are drawn into an un- 
 worthy suspicion and distrust of the faithfulness of 
 God in the promises. - Sarah laughed at the tidings 
 of the son of promise, because reason contradicted 
 and told her, it was naturally impossible, Gen. 
 Xviil. 13, 14, Hence come despondency of mind 
 and faintness of heart, under afflictive providences ; 
 reason can discern no good fruits in them, nor de- 
 
 4 
 
* 
 
 154. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 liverance from them, and so our hands hang down in 
 a sinful discouragement, saying, ‘* Ail these things 
 are against us,’ Gen. xlii. 836.° Hence flow lem pta- 
 tions to deliver ourselves by indirect and sinful me- 
 diums, Isa. xxx. 15, 16. When our own reason 
 fills us with a distrust of Providence, it naturally 
 prompts us to sinful shifis, and there leaves us en- 
 tangled in the snares of our own making. 
 
 Beware, therefore, you lean not too much to 
 your own reason and understanding. Nothing is 
 more plausible, nothing more dangerous. In other 
 matters it is appointed the arbiter and judge: we 
 make it so here; and, therefore, we are so diffident 
 and distrustful, notwithstanding the fullest security 
 of the promises, whilst our reason stands by unsa- 
 tisfied. 
 
 Having given directions for the due management 
 of this great and important duty, what remains, 
 but that we now set our hearts to it, and make it 
 the constant work of every day throughout our 
 lives? Oh what peace, what pleasure, what sta- 
 bility, what holy courage and confidence would 
 result from such-an observation of Providence, as 
 hath been directed to! But alas! we may say, with 
 reference to the voices of Divine Providence, 
 ‘¢ God speaketh once, yea twice. yet man perceiv- 
 eth it not,” Job xxxiiil. 14. Many a time Provi- 
 dence hath spoken instruction in duty, conviction 
 for iniquity, encouragement under despondency ; 
 but we regard it not. How greatly are we all 
 wanting to our duty and comfort by this neglect! 
 It will be but needful therefore to spread before 
 you the loveliness and excelleney of walking with 
 God in due and daily observation of his providen- 
 ces, that our souls may be fully engaged to.it. 
 
 First motive. And first, let me offer this as a 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 155 
 
 moving argument to all gracious souls: That by 
 this means you maintain sweet and sensible com- 
 munion with God from day to day. And what is 
 there desirable in this world in comparison there- 
 with! «Thou, Lord, hast made me glad through 
 thy work: I will triumph in the works of thy 
 hands,” Psal. xcii. 4; your hearts may be as 
 sweetly and sensibly refreshed by the works of 
 God’s hands, as by the words of his mouth. Psalm 
 civ. Is spent in the consideration of the works of 
 Providence, which so filled the psalmist’s heart, 
 that, by way of ejaculation, he thus expresses the 
 effect of it: ‘*My- meditation of him shall be 
 Ssweet,’” ver. 34. " 
 
 Communion with God, properly and strictly 
 taken, consists in two things, namely, God’s mani- 
 festation of himself to the soul, and the soul’s an- 
 swerable returns to God. ‘This is that fellowship 
 we have here with God. Now God manifests 
 himself to his people by providences as well as 
 ordinances ; neither is there any grace in a saneti- 
 fied soul hid from the gracious influences of his 
 providential manifestations. Sometimes the Lord 
 manifests his displeasure and anger against the sins 
 of his people in correcting and rebuking provi- 
 dences. His rods have a chiding voice: ‘* Hear 
 the rod, and who hath appointed it,’’ Micah vi. 9. 
 This discovery of God’s anger kindly melts and 
 thaws a gracious soul, and produces a double sweet 
 effect upon it, namely, repentance for sins past, 
 and due caution against future sins. ; 
 
 It thaws and melts the heart for sins committed. 
 Thus David’s heart was melted for his sin when 
 the hand of God was heavy upon him in affliction, 
 Psal. xxxii. 4, 5. Thus the captive church, upon 
 whom fell the saddest and most dismal providence 
 
156 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 that ever befell any of God’s people in any age of 
 the world, see how their hearts are broken for sin 
 under this severe rebuke, Lam. ii. 17—19.° And 
 then, in the next place, for caution against sin for 
 ithe time tocome. It is plain, that the rebukes of 
 Providence leave that effect also upon gracious 
 hearts, Ezra ix. 13,,14;  Psal. Ixxxv.’8. 
 
 Sometimes he cheers and comforts the hearts of 
 his people with smiling and reviving providences, 
 both public and personal. ‘There are times of 
 lifting up as well as casting down by the hand of 
 Providence. ‘The scene changes; the aspects of 
 Providence are very cheerful and encouraging, 
 their winter seems to be over; they put off their 
 garments of mourning; and then, ah! what sweet 
 returns are made to Heaven by gracious souls! 
 Doth God lift them up by prosperity? ‘They will 
 also lift up their God by praises. See Psal. xviii. 
 1—3. So Moses, and the people with him, Exod. 
 xv., when God had delivered them from. Pharaoh, 
 how do they exalt him in a song of thanksgiving, 
 which, for the elegance and spirituality of it, is. 
 made an emblem of the doxologies given to God in 
 glory by the saints, Rev. xv. 3. . 
 
 Upon the whole, whatever effects our commu- 
 nion with God, in any of. his ordinances, doth use 
 to produce upon our hearts, the same we may ob- 
 serve to follow our conversing with him, in his 
 providences. For, 
 
 1. It is usually found, m the experience of all 
 the saints, that, in what ordinance or duty soever 
 they have any sensible communion with God, it 
 naturally produces in their spirits a deep abasement 
 and humiliation from the sense of divine conde- 
 scensions to such vile, poor worms as we are. 
 Thus Abraham, ‘I am but dust and ashes,’’ Gen. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 157 
 
 xviii, 27. The same effect follows our converse 
 with God in his providences. ‘Thus when God 
 had, in the way of his providences, prospered 
 Jacob, how doth he lay himself at the feet of God, 
 asa man overwhelmed with the sense of mercy! 
 ** And Jacob said, I am not worthy of the least of 
 all thy mercies, and of all the truth which thou 
 hast showed thy servant; for, with my staff | 
 passed over this Jordan, and now I am become 
 two bands,’”’ Gen. xxxil. 9,10. Thus also it was 
 with David, ‘* Who am I, and what is my father’s 
 house, that thou hast brought me hitherto ?”’ 2 Sam. 
 vii. 18., And I doubt not but some of you have 
 found the like frame of heart upon you that these 
 holy men here expressed. Can you not remem- 
 ber, when God lifted you up by providence, how 
 you cast down yourselves before him, and have 
 been viler in your. own eyes than ever! Why, 
 thus. do all gracious hearts: what am I that the 
 Lord should do thus and thus for me? Oh that ever 
 so great and holy a God should be thus concerned 
 for so vile and sinful a worm ! 
 
 2. Doth communion with God in ordinances 
 melt the heart into love to God? Cant. il. 3-5. 
 Why, so doth the observation of his providences 
 also. Never did any man converse with God’s 
 works of providence aright, but found his heart, at 
 some times, melted into love to the God of his 
 mercies, Psal. xviii. 1, compared with the title. 
 When God had delivered him from the hand of 
 Saul, and all his enemies, he said, ‘* 1 will love 
 thee, O Lord, my strength.” Every man loves 
 the mercies of God, but a saint loves the God of 
 his mercies. The mercies of God, as they are the 
 fuel of a wicked man’s lusts, so they are fuel to 
 maintain a good man’s love to God ; not that their 
 
158 DIVINE CONDUCT; oR, 
 
 love to God is grounded upon these external bene- 
 fits. Not thine, but thee, O Lord! is the motto of 
 a gracious soul; but yet these things serve to blow 
 up the flame of love to God in their hearts, and 
 they find it so. y 
 
 3. Doth communion with God set the keenest 
 edge upon the soul against sin? You see it does, 
 and you have a striking instance of it in Moses, 
 when he had been with God in the mount for forty 
 days, and had there enjoyed communion with him; 
 when he came down and saw the calf the people 
 had made, see what a holy paroxysm of zeal and 
 anger it cast his soul into, Exod. xxxii. 19, 20. 
 Why, the same effect you may discern to follow 
 the saints’ converse with God in his providences. 
 What was that which pierced the heart of David 
 with such a deep sense of the evil of his sin, which 
 was so abundantly manifested in Psal. li, through- 
 out? Why, if you look into the title you shall find 
 it was the effect of what Nathan had laid before 
 him: and if you consult 2 Sam. xii. 7—10, you 
 shall find it was the goodness of God manifested 
 to him in the several endearing providences of his 
 life, which, in this, he had so evilly requited the 
 Lord for, that broke his heart to pieces in the sense 
 of it; and I doubt not but some of us have some= 
 times found ‘the like effects by comparing God’s 
 ways and our own together. 
 
 4. Does communion with the Lord enlarge the 
 heart for obedience and service? Surely it is as oil 
 to the wheels, that makes them run on freely and 
 nimbly their course. ‘Thus, when Isaiah had ob- 
 tained a special manifestation of God, and the Lord 
 asked, «* Whom shall Isend?”” He presents a ready 
 soul for the employment, ** Here am I, Lord, send 
 me,”’ Isa. vi. 8. Why, the very same effect fol- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 159 
 
 lows sanctified providences, as you may see in 
 Johoshaphat, 2 Chron. xvii. 5. 6, and in David, 
 Psalm cxvi. 12. Oh! when a soul ‘considers 
 what God hath done for him, he cannot fail to say, 
 What shall I return? Elow shall I answer these 
 engagements ? é 
 
 And thus you see what sweet communion a soul 
 may have with God in the way of his providences. 
 O that you would thus walk with him! How much 
 of heaven might be found on earth this way! And 
 certainly it will never repent the Lord he hath done 
 you good, when his mercies produce such effects 
 on your hearts: -he will say of every favour, thus 
 improved, it was well bestowed, and he will re- 
 joice over you to do you good for ever. 
 
 Second motive. A great part of the pleasure 
 and delight of the Christian life is made out of the 
 observations of Providence. It is said, ‘The 
 works of the Lord are great, sought out of all them 
 that have pleasure therein,’ Psal. exi. 2, that is, 
 the study of Providence is so sweet and pleasant, 
 that it invites and allures the soul to search and 
 dive into it. How pleasant is it to a well-tempered 
 soul to behold and observe, 
 
 1. The sweet harmony and consent of divine 
 attributes in the issues of Providence! ‘They may 
 seem sometimes to jar and clash, to part with each 
 other, and go contrary ways; but they only seem 
 so to do; for, in the winding up, they always 
 meet and embrace cach other. ‘* Mercy and truth 
 have met together; righteousness and peace have 
 kissed each other,”’ Psal. Ixxxv. 10. It is spoken 
 with an immediate reference, to that signal provi- 
 dence of Israel’s deliverance out of the Baby ‘lonish 
 captivity, and the sweet effects thereof; wherein 
 the truth and righteousness of God in the pro- 
 
160 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 mises, did, as it were, kiss and embrace the mercy 
 and peace that were contained in the performance 
 of them, after they had seemed for seventy years 
 to be at a great distance from each other: for it is 
 an allusion to the usual demonstrations of joy and 
 gladness that two dear friends are wont to give 
 and receive, after a long absence and separation 
 from each other: they no sooner meet, but they 
 smile, embrace, and kiss each other. Even thus 
 it is here; for whenever these blessed promises 
 and performances meet and kiss each other, they 
 are also joyfully embraced and kissed by believing 
 souls. ‘There is, I doubt not, a mediate reference 
 of this Scripture to the Messiah also, and our re- 
 demption by him; in him it is that these divine 
 attributes, which before seemed to clash and con- 
 tradict one another in the business of our salvation, 
 have a sweet agreement and accomplishment. 
 Truth and righteousness do in him meet with 
 mercy and peace, in a blessed agreement. What 
 a lovely sight is this! and how pleasant to behold! 
 Oh, if with Habakkuk, chap. il. ver. 1, we would 
 but stand upon our watch-tower to take due obser- 
 vations of Providence, what rare prospects might 
 we have! Luther understands it of the word of 
 God, as if he had said, I will look into the word, 
 and observe there, how God accomplisheth all 
 things, and brings them to pass, and how his 
 works are the fulfilling of his word. Others, as 
 Calvin, understand it of man’s own retired thoughts 
 and meditations, wherein a man carefully observes 
 what purposes and designs God hath upon the 
 world in general, or upon himself in particular, and 
 how the truth and righteousness of God in the 
 word, work themselves through all difficulties and 
 impediments, and meet in the mercy, peace, and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 161 
 
 happiness of the saints at last. Every believer, 
 take it in which sense you will, hath his watch- 
 tower, as well as Habakkuk; and give me leave to 
 Say, it is an angelical employment to stand upon it, 
 and behold the consent of God’s attributes, the ac- 
 complishment of his ends, and our own happiness 
 in the works of Providence. For this is the very 
 joy of the angels and saints in heaven, to see God’s 
 ends wrought out, and his attributes glorified in 
 the mercy and peace of the church, Rev. xiv. 
 1—2. 8. 
 
 2. And as it is a pleasant sight to see the har- 
 mony of God’s attributes, so it is exceedingly plea- 
 sant to behold the resurrection of our own prayers 
 and hopes, as from the dead. Why, this you may 
 often see, if you will duly observe the works of 
 God’s providence towards you. We hope and 
 pray for such and such mercies to the church, or 
 to ourselves; but God delays the accomplishment 
 of our hopes, suspends the answer of our prayers, 
 and seems to speak to us, as ‘ For the°vision is 
 yet for an appointed time, but, at the end, it shall 
 speak and not lie; though it tarry, wait for it, be- 
 cause it will surely come, it will nottarry,’’ Hab. 
 li. 3. But we have no patience to wait the time 
 of the promise, our hopes languish and die in the 
 interim ; and we say with the despondent church, 
 ‘¢Our hope is perished from the Lord,’’ Lam. iii. 
 18. But, oh, how sweet and comfortable is it to 
 see these prayers fulfilled, after we have given up 
 all expectations of them! May we not say of them 
 as the Scripture speaks of the restoration of the 
 Jews, it is even life from the dead? ‘This was Da- 
 vid’s case, Psal. xxxi. 22, he gave up his hopes 
 and prayers for lost, yet he lived to see the com- 
 fortable and unexpected returns of them. And this 
 
162 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 was the case of Job, chap. vi. 11, he had given up 
 all expectation of better days, and yet this man 
 lived to see a resurrection of all his lost comforts 
 with advantage. Think how that change and un- 
 expected turn of Providence affected his soul. It 
 is with our hopes and prayers: as with our alms: 
 ‘* Cast thy bread upon the waters, for thou shalt 
 find it after many days,” Eccles. xi. 1, or as it 
 was with Jacob, who had given over all hopes of 
 ever seeing his beloved Joseph again, but-when a 
 strange and unexpected providence had restored 
 that hopeless mercy to him again, oh how ra- 
 vishing and transporting was it! Gen. xlvi. 29, 
 30. ! 
 
 3. What a transporting pleasure is it to behold 
 great blessings and advantages to us wrought by 
 Providence out of those very things that seem to 
 threaten our ruin and misery! And _yet,. by duly 
 observing the ways of Providence, you may, to 
 your singular comfort, finditso. Little did Joseph 
 think his transportation into Egypt had been in 
 order to his advancement there; yet he lived with 
 joy to see it, and with a thankful heart to acknow- 
 ledge it, Gen. xlv. 5. Wait and observe, and you 
 shall assuredly find that promise, ** And we know 
 that all things work together for good to them that 
 love God, to them who are the called according to 
 his purpose,”” Ronn.. viii. 28, working out its way 
 through all providences. How. many times have 
 you been made to say as David, It is good for 
 me that I have been afflicted,” Psal. exix. 71. Oh 
 what a difference have we seen betwixt our afilic- 
 tions at our first meeting with them, and our part- 
 ing from them! We have entertained them with 
 sighs and tears, but parted from them with joy, 
 blessing God for them, as the happy instruments 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 163 
 
 of our good.. Thus our fears and sorrows are 
 turned into praises and songs of thanksgiving. 
 
 4, What unspeakable comfort is it for a poor 
 soul, that sees nothing but sin and vileness in 
 itself, at the same time, to see what a high esteem 
 and value the great God hath for him! ‘This may 
 be discerned by a due attendance to Providence, 
 for there, a man sees goodness and mercy follow- 
 ing him through all his days, as’it is in Psal. 
 xxiii. 6. Other men prosecute good, and it flies 
 from them, and they can never overtake it: but 
 goodness and mercy follow the people of God, 
 and they cannot avoid or escape it; it gives them 
 chase, day by day, and finds them out, even when. 
 they sometimes, by sin, put themselves out of the 
 way of it. In all the providences that befall them, 
 goodness and merey pursue them. Oh with what 
 a melting heart do they sometimes reflect upon 
 these things! And will not the goodness of God 
 be discouraged from following me, notwithstand- 
 ing all my vile affronts and abuses of it in former 
 mercies? Lord, what am 1, that mercy should 
 thus pursue me, when vengeance and wrath pur- 
 sue others as good by nature as fam? It certain- 
 ly argues the great esteem God hath of a man, 
 when he thus follows him with sanctified provi- 
 dences, whether they be comforts or crosses, for 
 his good; and so much is plain, from this passage: 
 «Lord, what is man, that thou shouldst visit him 
 every morning, and try him every moment ?’’ Job 
 vii. 18. Certainly God’s people are his treasure, 
 and, by this, it appears that they are so, that he 
 withdraws not his eye from them, Job xxxvi. 7. 
 I say not that God’s favour and respect to a man 
 may be concluded singly from his providences ; 
 but sanctified providences may very much clear it 
 
164 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 to. us; and when it doth so, it cannot but be matter 
 of exceeding great joy. 
 
 5. ‘I’o conclude: What is there in all this world 
 that can give a soul such joy and comfort, as to 
 find himself by every thing set on and furthered in 
 his way to heaven? And yet this may be dis- 
 cerned by a heedful attendance to the effects and 
 issues of Providence. 
 
 How cross soever the winds and tides of Provi- 
 dence at any time seem to us, yet nothing is more 
 certain, than that they all conspire to hasten sane- 
 tified souls to God, and fit them forglory. 
 
 St. Paul knew that both his bonds and the afflic- 
 tions added to them, should turn to, or finally issue 
 in his salvation, Philip. i. 19, not that in themselves 
 they serve to any such purpose, but as they are 
 overruled and determined to such an end, through 
 prayer, and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus 
 Christ. When prayer, the external means, and 
 the Spirit, the internal means, are joined with 
 affections, then they become excellent means to 
 promote salvation. And have we not with joy 
 observed, how those very things which sense and 
 reason tell us are opposite to our happiness, have 
 been the most blessed instruments to promote it? 
 How hath God blessed crosses to mortify corrup- 
 tion, wants to kill our wantonness, disappoint- 
 ments to wean us from the world! Oh we little 
 think how comfortable those things will be in the 
 review, which are so burdensome to present sense ! 
 
 Third motive. In the next place, I beseech 
 you to consider, what an effectual mean the due 
 observation of Providence will be te overpower 
 and suppress the natural atheism that is in your 
 hearts. . 
 
 There is a natural seed of atheism in the best 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 165 
 
 hearts, and this is very much nourished by passing 
 a rash and false judgment upon the works of Pro- 
 vidence. When we see wicked ones prosper in 
 the world, and godly men crushed and destroyed 
 in the way of righteousness and integrity, it may 
 tempt us to think that there is no advantage by 
 religion, and all our self-denial and holiness to be 
 little better than lost labour. ‘Thus stood the case 
 with good Asaph, ‘* Behold, these are the ungodly 
 that prosper in the world, they increase in riches,”’ 
 Psal. Ixxiii. 12, 18. And what doth the flesh infer 
 from thence? Why no less than the unprofitable- 
 ness of the ways of holiness; ‘* Verily I have 
 cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands 
 in innocency.”’ ‘This irreligious inference carnal 
 reason was ready to draw from the dispensations 
 of outward prosperity to wicked men; but, now, 
 if we would heedfully observe either the signal 
 retributions of Providence to many of them in this 
 world, or to all of them in the world to come, oh 
 what a full confirmation is this to our faith! “* The 
 Lord is known by the judgment which he exe- 
 cuteth,’”’ Psal. ix. 16. 
 
 The fifty-eighth Psalm contains the characters 
 of the most prodigious sinners, whose wickedness 
 is aggravated, by the deliberation with which it is 
 . committed, verse 2; by their habit and custom in 
 it, verse 3; by their incorrigibleness and persist- 
 ence in it, verses 4, 5; and the providence of God 
 is there invited to destroy their power, verse 6, 
 and that either by a gradual and sensible consump- 
 tion of them, verse 7, 8, or by a sudden and unex- 
 pected stroke, verse 9. And what shall the effects 
 of such providences be to the righteous? Why, it 
 shall be matter of joy, verse 10, and great con- 
 
166 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 firmation to their faith in God. ‘+ Verily there is 
 a God that judgeth in the earth,” verse 11. 
 
 On the contrary, how convincingly clear are 
 those providences that demonstrate the being, wis- 
 dom, power, love, and faithfulness of God, in 
 the supporting, preserving, and delivering of the 
 righteous, in ail their dangers, fears, and difficul- 
 ties! In these things the Lord shows himself to 
 his people, Psal. xciv. 1. 
 
 Yea, he shows himself to spiritual eyes in his 
 providences, as clearly as the sun manifests him- 
 self by his own beams of light: « His brightness 
 was as the light, he had horns coming out of his 
 hand; and there was the hiding of his power,” 
 Hab. iii. 3,4. Itis spoken of the Lord’s going 
 forth for his people in their deliverance from their 
 enemies; and then he had horns, or rays, and 
 beams of power and mercy coming out of his 
 hand. By his hand is meant his providential ad- 
 ministrations and dispensations, and the horns that 
 came out of it is nothing else but the glorious dis- 
 play of his attributes in those providences. How 
 did God make himself known to his people in that 
 signal deliverance of them out of Egypt? See 
 Exod. vi. 3. Then he was known to them by his 
 name Jehovah, in giving being, by his provi- 
 dences, to the mercies promised. 
 
 Thus, when Christ shall give his people the last 
 and greatest deliverance from antichrist, he shall 
 show himself to his people in a vesture dipped in 
 blood, and his name-shall be called, «* The Word 
 of God,” Rev. xix. 13.. His name was the Word 
 of God before; but then he was the word reveal- 
 ing and discovering the promises and truths. of 
 God, now accomplishing and fulfilling them. ‘That 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 167 
 
 his name is near, his wonderful’ works declare, 
 Psal. ixxv. 1. 
 
 But, more particularly, let us bring it home to 
 our own experience. It may be, we Gad ourselves 
 sometimes assaulted with athetstical thoughts: we 
 
 are tempted to think God hath left all things below 
 
 to the course and sway of nature, that our prayers 
 reach him not, as it is in Lam. i. 44, that he re- 
 gards not what evils befall us. But tell me saints, 
 have you not enough at hand to stop the mouths 
 of all such temptations? Oh do but reflect upon 
 your own experiences, and solemnly ask your own 
 hearts, 
 
 1. Have you never seen the all-sufficient God in 
 the provisions he hath made for you and yours, 
 throughout all the way that you have gone? Who 
 was it that supplied to you whatever was needful 
 in all your straits? “Was it not the Lord? ‘It is 
 he that hath given bread to them that fear him, and 
 hath been ever mindful of his covenant,’’ Psal. exi. 
 5. Odo but consider the constancy, seasonable- 
 ness, and, sometimes, the extraordinariness of 
 these provisions, and how they have been given in 
 upon prayer; and shut your eyes, if you can, 
 against the convincing evidence of that great truth, 
 ‘He withdraweth not his eyes from the right- 
 eous,”’ Job xxxvi. 7. 
 
 2. Have you not plainly discerned the care of 
 God in your preservations from so many and great 
 dangers as you have escaped, and been carried 
 through, hitherto? How is it that you have out- 
 lived so many mortal dangers, sicknesses, acci- 
 dents, designs of enemies to ruin you? It is, I pre- 
 sume, beyond question with you, that the very finger 
 of God hath been in these things, and that it is by 
 his care alone you have been preserved. When 
 
168 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 God had so signally delivered David from a dan- 
 gerous disease, and the plots of enemies against 
 him, ‘by this,” saith he, «I know thou favourest 
 me, because mine enemy doth not triumph over 
 me,” Psal. xli. 11. He gathered from those gra- 
 cious protections the care God had over him. 
 
 3. Have you not plainly discerned the hand of 
 God in the returns and accomplishments of your 
 prayers? Nothing can be more evident than this, 
 to men of observation. ‘I sought the Lord ‘and 
 he heard me, and delivered me from all my fears. 
 They looked unto him, and were lightened, and 
 their faces were not ashamed. This poor man 
 cried, and the Lord heard him, and saved him out 
 of all his troubles,’? Psal. xxxiv. 4—6. Parallel 
 to this, runs the experience of thousands and ten 
 thousands of Christians this day ; they know they 
 have the petitions they asked of him. The mercy 
 carries the very impress and stamp of the duty 
 upon it; so that we can say, This is the mercy, 
 the very mercy, I have so often sought God about. 
 Oh how satisfying and convincing are these things! 
 
 4. Have you not evidently discerned the Lord’s 
 hand, in guiding and directing your paths to your 
 unforseen advantage? Things that you never 
 projected for yourselves have been brought about 
 beyond all your thoughts. Many such things 
 are with God; and which of all the saints hath 
 not found that word verified by clear and un- 
 deniable experience, ‘*'The way of man is not in 
 himself,’? Jer. x. 23. I presume, if you will but 
 look over the mercies you possess this day, you 
 will find three to one, it may be ten to one, thus 
 wrought by the Lord for you. And how satisfy- 
 ing, beyond all arguments in the world, are these 
 experiences: that there is a God to whom his 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 169 
 
 people are exceedingly dear, ‘a God that per- 
 formeth all'things for them !”’ 
 
 5. Is it not fully convincing, that there is a God 
 who takes care of you, inasmuch as you have found 
 in all the temptations and difficulties of your lives 
 his promises still fulfilled, and faithfully performed 
 in all those conditions. I appeal to yourselves if 
 you have not seen that promise made good, «1 
 will be with him in trouble,’ Psal, xci. 15, and 
 that ** God is faithful, who will not suffer you to 
 be tempted above what you are able: but wiil, with 
 the temptation, also make a way to escape, that ye 
 may be able to bear it,’? 1 Cor. x. 13. Have not 
 these been as clearly made out by Providence be- 
 fore your eyes as the sun at noon-day? What 
 room then is left for atheistical suggestions in your 
 breasts 2 i ? : 
 
 fourth motive. The recording and recognizing 
 of the performances of Providence will be a sin- 
 gular support to faith in future exigencies; This 
 excellent use of it lies fullin the very eye of the 
 text. ‘There never befell David, in all his troubles, 
 a greater strait and distress than. this; and doubt- 
 less his faith had staggered, had not the considera- 
 tions of former providences come in to its relief, 
 From. this topic faith argues, and that very strongly 
 and conclusively.. So did David’s faith in many 
 exigencies: when he was to encounter the cham- 
 pion of the Philistines, it was from former provi- 
 dences, that he encouraged himself, 1 Sam. xvii. 
 37; and the apostle Paul improves his experiences 
 to the same purpose, 2 Cor. i. 9,10. Indeed the 
 whole Seripture is full of it: what Christian un- 
 derstands not the exceeding usefulness of those 
 experiences he hath had to relieve and enliven? 
 But I shall not satisfy myself with the common as- 
 
 15 
 
170 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 sertion, than which nothing is more trite in the lips 
 of professors, but will labour to show you, wherein 
 the great usefulness of our recorded experiences, 
 for encouraging faith, labouring under difficulties, 
 consists. For this purpose, I shall desire the reader 
 to ponder seriously these following particulars : 
 1, How much advantage those things have upon 
 our souls, which we have already felt and tasted, 
 beyond those which ‘we never relished by any 
 former experience! What is experience but the 
 bringing down of the objects’ of faith to the adjudi- 
 cation and test of spiritual sense? Now, when any 
 thing hath been once tasted, felt, and judged by 
 former experience, it is much more easily believed 
 and received when it occurs again. It is much 
 easier for faith to travel in a path that is well known 
 to it, having formerly trod it, than to beat out a 
 new one which it never trod, nor can see one step 
 before it. Hence it is, though there be a difficulty 
 in all the acts of faith, yet scarce any in comparison 
 with the first adventure it makes upon Christ; 
 and the reason lies here: because in the subsequent 
 acts, it hath all its former. experiences to aid and 
 encourage it; but, in the first adventure, it hath 
 none at all of its own; it takes a path which it 
 never knew before. : 
 To trust God, without any trial or experience, is 
 a more noble act of faith; but, to trust him. after 
 we have often tried him, is known to be more easy. 
 Oh it is no small advantage to a soul, in a new 
 plunge of distress, to be able to say, This is not 
 the first time I have been in these deeps, and. yet 
 emerged out of them! Hence it was that Christ 
 stirred up his disciples’ memories with what Pro- 
 vidence had formerly wrought for them in a day of 
 straits. ‘* Oye of little faith, why reason ye among 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 171 
 
 yourselves, because ye have brought no bread? Do 
 ye not yet understand, neither remember ?”’ Matt. 
 xvi. 8—11. As if he had said, Were ye never 
 under any strait for bread before now? Is this the 
 first difficulty that ever your faith combatted with ? 
 No, you have felt straits, and experienced the 
 power and care of God in supplying them before 
 now; and, therefore, I cannot but call you men of 
 little faith; for a very ordinary and small measure 
 of faith, assisted with so much experience as you 
 have had, would enable you 1o trust God. There 
 is as much difference between believing before and 
 after experience, as there is between swimming 
 with bladders, and our first venture into the deep 
 waters without them. | 
 
 What a singular encouragement to faith do for- 
 mer experiences yield it, by answering all the 
 pleas and objections of unbelief, drawn from. the 
 object of faith! Now there are two things which 
 unbelief stumbles atin God: one is his power, the 
 other his willingness to help. i 
 
 (1.) Unbelief objects the impossibility of relief 
 in deep distresses: ‘*Can God furnish a table in 
 the wilderness? Can he give bread also? Can-he 
 provide flesh for his people?”’ Psal, Ixxviii.. 19. 
 Oh vile and unworthy thoughts of God! proceed- 
 ing from our measuring the immense and boundless 
 power of God by our own line and measnre; be- 
 cause we see not which way relief should come, 
 we conclude none is to be expected. But all these 
 reasonings of unbelief are vanquished by a serious 
 reflection upon our own. experiences. ‘God hath 
 helped, therefore he can say, ‘his hand is not 
 shortened,”’ Isa. lix. 1, that is, he hath as much 
 power and ability as formerly.. 
 
 (2.) Unbelief objects against the’ will of God, 
 
. ¥ 1 i 
 172 "DIVINE conDUCT; OR 
 
 and questions whether he will now be gracious, 
 though he hath formerly been so. But after so 
 many experiences of his readiness to help, what 
 room for doubting remains?,'Thus Paul, inferred 
 from the experience of what he had done, what he 
 could do, 2 Cor. i. 10, and ‘so did David, 1 Sam. 
 xvii. 36, Indeed if a man had never experienced 
 the goodness of God to him, it were not so hei- 
 nous a sin to question his willingness to do him 
 good; but what place is left after such frequent 
 trials, | ras , 
 
 2. It gives great encouragement to faith, as it 
 answers the objections of unbelief, drawn from the 
 subject: now these objections are of two sorts 
 also: NR Le 
 
 (1.) Such as are drawn from our great unwor- 
 thiness.’ How, saith unbelief, can so sinful and 
 vile a creature expect that ever God should do this 
 or that for me? It is true, we find he did great 
 things for Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, é&c., but 
 these were men of eminent. holiness, men who 
 obeyed God, and denied. themselves forshim, and 
 lived more ina day to his glory than ever I did in 
 all my days. : 
 
 Well, but what signifies all this to a’soul, that, 
 under all its sensible vileness and unworthiness, 
 hath tasted the goodness of God as well as they ? 
 As unworthy as Tam, God hath been good to me 
 notwithstanding; his mercy appeared first to me, 
 when I was worse than I am now, both in eondi- 
 tion and disposition; and, therefore, I will still 
 expect the continuance of his goodness to me, 
 though I deserve it not. «Tf, when we wereene- 
 mies, we were reconciled to God by the death of 
 his Son, how much more, being reconciled, shall 
 we be saved by-his life?” Rom. v. 10. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. — 173 
 
 (2.) Such as are drawn from the extremity of 
 our present condition. If troubles or dangers grow 
 to a height, and we see nothing bat ruin and misery 
 in the eye of reason before us; now unbelief: be- 
 comes importunate and troublesome to the soul; 
 now, where are thy prayers, thy hopes, yea, where 
 is now thy God? 
 
 But all this is easily put by and avoided, by con- 
 sulting our experiences in former cases. | ‘This is 
 not the first time I have been in these straits, nor 
 the first time I have had the same doubts and des- 
 pondencies; and yet God hath carried me through 
 all, Psal. Ixxviil. 7—9. This is it that suffers not 
 a Christian to unravel all his hopes in an hour of 
 temptation.. Oh-how useful are these things to the 
 people of God! | 
 
 Fifth motive. The recognition of former provi- 
 dences will minister to your souls continual matter 
 of praise and ‘thanksgiving, which is the very em- 
 ployment of the angels in heaven, and the sweetest 
 part of our lives on earth. 
 
 See Psal. lxi. 7, 8. If God will prepare mercy 
 and truth for David, he will prepare praises for his 
 God, and that daily. + By thee have I been hold- 
 en up from the womb, thou art he that took me 
 out of my mother’s bowels; (there mercies from 
 the beginning are recognised;) ‘*my praise shall 
 be continually of thee,’’ Psal. Ixxi. 6. There the 
 natural result of those recognitions is expressed. 
 
 There are five things. belonging to the praise of 
 God, and all of them have relation to his provi- 
 dences exercised about us. 1. A careful observa- 
 tion of the mercies,we receive from him, Isa. xli. 
 17—20. This is fundamental to all praise; God 
 cannot be glorified for the mercies we never noted. 
 2. A faithful remembrance of the favours received. 
 
174 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 ‘* Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his 
 benefits,”’ Psal. ciii. 2. Hence the Lord brands 
 the ingratitude of his people, «They soon forgat 
 his works,”’ Psal. evi. 13. 3. A due appreciation 
 and valuation of every providence that doth us 
 good, 1 Sam. xii. 24. That Providence that fed 
 them in the wilderness with manna was the most 
 remarkable providence to.them; but they not valu- 
 ing it at its worth, God had not that praise for it 
 which he expected, Numb. xi. 6. 4. The exci- 
 tation of all the faculties and powers of the soul in 
 the acknowledgment of these mercies to us.~ Thus 
 David, ‘* Bless the Lord, O my soul; and all that 
 is within me bless his holy name,”’ Psal. ciii. 1. 
 Soul praise is the very soul of praise, this is the 
 very fat and marrow of that thank-offering. 5. A 
 suitable retribution for the mercies received. This 
 David was careful about, Psal. exvi. 1, and the 
 Lord: taxes good Hezekiah for the neglect of it, 
 2 Chron. xxxil. 24, 25... This consists in a full 
 and hearty resignation of all to him, that we have 
 received by providence from him; and in our wil- 
 lingness actually to part with all for him, when he 
 shall remand it. 
 
 ‘Thus you see how all the ingredients to praise 
 have respect to Providence; but, more particularly, 
 I will show you, that, as all the ingredients of 
 praise have respect to providence, so all the mo- 
 tives and arguments, obliging and engaging souls 
 to praise, are found therein also. ‘'I'o this end, 
 consider how the mercy and goodness of God are 
 exhibited by Providence to excite our thankfulness. 
 
 1. That the goodness and mercy of God are let 
 out upon his people in his providences about them: 
 and this is the very root of praise. It is not so 
 much the possession that Providence gives us of 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 175 
 
 such or such comforts, as the goodness and kind- 
 ness of God -in the dispensing of them, that en- 
 gages a gracious soul-to praise. ‘* Because thy 
 loving kindness is better than life, my lips shall 
 praise thee,’’ Psal. Ixiii. 3. To give, maintain, 
 and preserve our life, are choice acts of Provi- 
 dence; but to do all this in a way of grace and 
 loving-kindness, this is far better than the gifts 
 themselves. Life is but the shadow of death with- 
 out it; this is ihe mercy that crowns all other 
 mercies, Psal. ciii. 4. It is this a sanctified soul 
 desires God would manifest in every providence 
 about him, Psal. xvii. '7, and what is our praising 
 of God else but our showing forth that loving-kind- 
 ness which he showeth forth in his providences ? 
 Psal- xeii.:1,:2. 
 
 2. As. the loving-kindness of God, manifested 
 in providences, is a motive to praise, so the free 
 and undeserved favours of God, dispensed by the 
 hand of Providence, oblige the soul to praise. 
 This was the consideration that melted David’s 
 heart into.a thankful, praising frame, even the con- 
 sideration of the free and undeserved favours cast 
 in upon him by Providence. ‘What am I! O 
 Lord God? and what is my father’s house, that 
 thou hast brought me hitherto?’ 2 Sam. vii. 18, 
 that is, to raise me by providence from a mean 
 condition to all this dignity: «From following 
 the ewes, to feed Jacob his people,’’ Psal. Ixxviii. 
 70,71. O this it is that engages thankfulness! 
 Gen. xxxii. 10. | 
 
 3. As the freeness of mercies, dispensed by pro- 
 vidences, engageth praise, so the multitudes of 
 mercies heaped this way upon us, strongly oblige 
 the soul to thankfulness. ‘Thus David comes be- 
 
176 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 fore the Lord, encompassed with ‘a multitude of 
 mercies, to praise him, Psal. v. 7. We have our 
 Joads of mercies, and that. every day, Psal. Ixviii.: 
 19. Oh what a rich heap will the mercies of one 
 day make, being Jaid together! 
 
 4. As the multitudes of mercies dispensed by 
 Providence oblige to praise, so the tenderness of 
 God’s mercy manifested in his providence leaves 
 the soul under‘a strong obligation to thankfulness. 
 We see what tender regards the Lord hath to all 
 our wants, straits, and burdens. ‘* Like as-a father 
 pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them ‘that 
 fear him,”’ Psal. ciii. 13. He is full of bowels, as 
 is signified in James v. 11. Yea, there are not 
 only bowels of compassion in our God, but.the 
 tenderness of bowels like those of a mother to her 
 sucking child, Isa. xlix. 15. © He feels all our 
 pains, as if the apple of his eye were touched) 
 Zech. ii..8, and all this is discovered to his people 
 in the way of his providences with them, Psal. 
 exi. 1—4, Oh who of all the children of God 
 hath not often found this in his providences? And 
 who can’ see it, and not be filled’ with thankful- 
 ness? All these are so many bands clapped by 
 Providence upon the soul to oblige it to a life of 
 praise. Hence it is that the prayers of the saints 
 are so full of thanksgivings upon these aecounts; 
 it is sweet to recount them to the Lord in prayer; 
 to lie at his feet in a holy astonishment at his gra- 
 cious condescension to poor worms. EOS 
 
 Sixth motive. “The due observation of provi- 
 dence will endear Jesus Christ, every day more 
 and more’to your souls. Christ is the channel of 
 grace and. mercy; through him are all the streams 
 of mercy that flow from God to us, and all the re- - 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. be Fp 
 
 turns of praise from us to God, 1 Cor. iii. 21—23, 
 All things are ours, upon no other title but our 
 being his. 
 
 Now there are six things in providence, which 
 exceedingly endear the Lord Jesus Christ to his 
 people; and these are the most sweet and delici- 
 ous parts of all our enjoyments. 
 
 1. The purchase of all those mercies which Pro- 
 vidence conveys to us is by his own blood: for 
 not only spiritual and eternal mercies, but even all 
 our temporal ones are the acquisitions of his blood. 
 For, as sin forfeited all, so Christ restored all these 
 mercies to us again by his death. Sin had so shut 
 up mercy from us, that had not Christ made an 
 atonement by his death, we should never have ob- 
 tained it to all eternity. ‘It is with him that God 
 freely gives us all things,” Rom. viii. 32, heaven 
 itself, and all things needful to bring us thither, 
 among which is principally included the tutelage 
 and aid of Divine Providence; so that whatever 
 good we receive from the hand of Providence, we 
 must put it upon the score of Christ’s blood: and, 
 when we receive it, we must say, It is the price 
 of blood; it is a mercy rising up out of the death 
 of Christ; it cost him dear, though it come to me 
 freely; it is sweet in the possession, but costly in 
 the acquisition. Now this is a most endearing 
 consideration: Did Christ die that these mercies 
 might live? Did he pay his invaluable blood to 
 purchase these comforts that I possess? Oh what 
 transcendent, matchless love was the love of Christ! 
 You have known parents who have laid out all their 
 stock of money to purchase estates for their chil- 
 dren ; but when did you hear of any that spent the 
 whole stock and treasure of their blood to make a 
 purchase for them? If the life of Christ had not 
 
 16 
 
178 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR 
 
 been so afflictive and sad to him, ours could not 
 have been so sweet and comfortable to us: it is 
 through his poverty we are enriched, 2 Cor. viii. 
 9. ‘These sweet mercies, that are born of Provi- 
 dence every day, are the fruits of the travail of his 
 soul, | 
 
 2. ‘The sanctification of all is by our union with 
 Christ: it is by virtue of our union with his per- 
 son that we enjoy the sanctified gifts and blessings 
 of Providence. All these are mercies additional 
 to that great mercy, Curist, Matt. vi. 33. They 
 are given with him, as in Rom. viii. 32. This is 
 the tenure by which we hold them, 1 Cor. iii. 
 21—23. What we lost in Adam, is restored again 
 with advantage in Christ. Immediately upon the 
 fall, the curse, Gen. iii. 17, seized upon all the 
 miserable posterity of Adam, and upon all their 
 comforts, outward as well as inward; and this still 
 lies heavy upon them. All that Providence doth 
 for them that are Christless is but to feed so many 
 poor condemned wretches, till the sentence they 
 are under be executed upon them; it is indeed 
 bountiful and openhanded to many of them, and 
 fills them with earthly comforts; but not one spe- 
 cial sanctified mercy is to be found among all their 
 enjoyments. These gifts of Providence do but 
 deceive, defile, and destroy them through their 
 own corruptions, and, for want of union with 
 Christ, ‘*the prosperity of fools shall destroy 
 them,”’ Prov. i. 32. 
 
 But when a man is once in Christ, then all pro- 
 vidences are sanctified and sweet. ‘Unto the 
 pure all things are pure,” Tit. i.15. «A little 
 that a righteous man hath, is better than the trea- 
 sures of many wicked,” Psal. xxxvii. 16. Now, 
 Christ becomes a head of influence as well as of 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 179 
 
 dominion, and in all things he consults the good 
 of his own members, Eph. i. 22. 
 
 3. ‘The dispensation of all our comforts and 
 mercies is by his direction and appointment. It 
 is true, the angels are employed in the kingdom 
 _ of Providence—they move the wheels; that is, 
 are instrumental in all the revolutions in this lower 
 world; but still they receive directions and orders 
 from Christ, as you may see in that admirable 
 scheme of Providence, Ezek. i. Now, what an 
 endearing meditation is this! Whatever creature 
 be instrumental for any good to you, it is our Lord 
 Jesus Christ who gave the orders and commands 
 to that. creature to do it, and without it they could 
 have done nothing for you. It is your Head in 
 heaven, that consults your peace and comfort on 
 earth. ‘These are the fruits of his care for you. 
 So in the preventions and restraints of evil, it is 
 he that bridles in the wrath of devils and men, he 
 holds the reins in his own hands, Rev. ii. 10. It 
 was the care of Christ over his poor sheep at 
 Damascus that stopped the raging adversary, who 
 was upon the way, designing to destroy them, 
 Acts 1x. 
 
 4. ‘The continuation of all. your mercies and 
 comforts, outward as well as inward, is the fruit of 
 his intercession in heaven for you. For, as the 
 offering up of the Lamb of God, a sacrifice for sin, 
 opened the door of mercy at first, so his appearing 
 before God, as a lamb that had been slain, still 
 keeps that door of mercy open, Rev. v. 6; Heb. 
 ix. 24, By this his intercession, our peace and 
 comforts are prolonged to us, Zech. i. 12, 13. 
 Every sin we commit would put an end to the 
 mercies we possess, were it not for that caution 
 which is put in for us by it. ‘If any man sin, we 
 
180 DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ 
 the righteous; and he is the propitiation for our 
 sins,”’ 1 John ii. 1, 2, This stops all pleas, and 
 procures new pardons for new sins- Hence it is 
 ‘¢he saves to the uttermost,’’ Heb. vii. 25, to the 
 Jast completing act. New sins do not irritate our 
 former pardons, nor cut off our privileges settled 
 upon us in Christ. 
 
 5. ‘The returns and answers of all your prayers 
 and. cries to heaven, for the removing of your 
 afflictions, or supply of your wants, are all pro- 
 cured and obtained for you by Jesus Christ. He 
 is the Master of your requests, and were it not that 
 God had respect to him, he would never regard 
 your cries to him, nor return an answer of peace 
 to you, how great soever your distresses should 
 be, Rev. viii. 3, 4. It is his name that gives your 
 prayers their acceptance, John xv. 16, because the 
 Father can deny him nothing, therefore your 
 prayers are not denied. Doth God condescend to 
 hear you in the day of trouble? Doth he convince 
 you, by your own experience, that your prayers 
 have power with God, and do prevail? Osee how 
 much you owe to your dear Lord Jesus Christ for 
 this high and glorious privilege ! 
 
 6. ‘The covenant of grace, in which all your com- 
 fortable enjoyments are comprised, and by which 
 they are secured, sanctified, and sweetened to you, 
 
 -is made in Christ, and ratified by him betwixt God 
 and you. Your mercies are all comprised in this 
 covenant, even your daily bread, Psal. cxi. 5, as 
 well as your justification, and other spiritual mer- 
 cies. It is your covenant interest that secures to 
 you whatever it comprises, Isa. lv. 3. Hence they 
 are called the sure mercies of David. Nay, this is 
 it that sanctifies them, and gives them the nature 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 181 
 
 of special and peculiar mercies. One such mercy 
 is worth a thousand common mercies; and, being 
 sanctified and special mercies, they must needs be 
 exceedingly sweet beyond all other mercies. On 
 these accounts it was that David so rejoiced in his 
 covenant interest, though laden with many afflic- 
 tions, 2 Sam. xxiii. 5. But now all this hangs 
 entirely upon Christ. The new testament is in his 
 blood, 1 Cor. xi. 25, and whatever mercies you 
 reap from that covenant, you must thank the Lord 
 Jesus Christ for them. Put all this together, and 
 then think how such considerations will endear 
 Christ to your souls. 
 
 Seventh motive. The due observation of Provi- 
 dence hath a marvellous efficacy to melt the heart, 
 and make it thaw, and relent ingenuously before the 
 Lord. 
 
 How can a sanctified heart do less than melt into 
 tears, whilst it either considers the dealings of God 
 from time to time with it, or compares the mercies 
 received with the sins committed, or the different 
 administrations of Providence towards itself and 
 others ? 
 
 Let a man but set himself to think deliberately 
 and closely of the ways of Providence towards him; 
 let him but follow the track of Providence as it 
 hath led him all along the way that he hath gone, 
 and if there be any principle of gracious tenderness 
 in him, he shall meet with variety of occasions to 
 excite and draw it forth. Reader, go back with 
 thy serious thoughts, 
 
 1. ‘To the beginning of the ways of God with 
 thee, the mercies that broke out early in thy youth, 
 even the first-born mercies from the womb of Pro- 
 vidence, and thou wilt say, What need I go further? 
 Here is enough not only to move, but overwhelm 
 
182 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 my heart. _ ‘* May I not, from this time, cry unto 
 thee, My Father, thou art. the Guide of my youth,” 
 Jer. iii. 4, What a critical time is the time of 
 youth! It is the moulding age, and, ordinarily, 
 according to the course of those leading provi- 
 dences, after providences do steer their course. 
 What levity, rashness, ignorance, and strong pro- 
 pensions to sin and ruin accompanied that age ! 
 How many, being then left to the sway of their 
 own lusts, run themselves into those sins and mise- 
 ries which they never recover themselves from to 
 their dying day! These, like the errors of the first 
 concoction, are rarely rectified afterwards. Did 
 not the Lord guide thee by his providence when 
 but a child? Did he then preserve thee from those 
 follies and miscarriages which blast the very blos- 
 som, and nip the bud, so that no good fruit is to be 
 expected afterwards? Did he then cast thee into 
 such families, or among such company and ac- 
 quaintance as moulded and formed thy spirit to a 
 better temper? Did he then direct thee into that 
 way of employment wherein thou hast seen so 
 large a train of happy consequences, ever since, 
 following thee? and wilt thou not from henceforth 
 say, ‘‘ My Father, my Father, thou art the Guide 
 of my youth!” 
 
 2. Let us but bring our thoughts close to the 
 providences of after-times, and consider how the 
 several changes and removes of our lives have been 
 ordered for us: things we never foresaw nor de- 
 signed (but much better for us than what we did 
 design) have been all along ordered for us. The 
 way of man is not in himself. God’s thoughts 
 have not been our thoughts, nor his ways our 
 ways.” Among the eminent mercies of thy life, 
 reader, how many of them have been mere sur- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 183 
 
 prisals to thee! Thine own projects have been 
 thrust aside to make way for better things, designed 
 by Providence for thee. 
 
 3. Do but observe the springs and autumns of 
 Providence, in what order they have flourished 
 and faded with thee, and thou wilt find thyself 
 overpowered with the sense of divine wisdom and 
 goodness. When necessity required, sucha friend 
 was stirred up to help thee, such a place opened 
 to receive thee, such a relation raised up or con- 
 tinued to refresh thee; and no sooner doth provi- 
 dence deprive thee of any of them, but either thy 
 need of them ceased, or some other way is opened 
 to thee. Oh the depth of God’s wisdom and good- 
 ness! Oh the matchless tenderness of God to his 
 people ! | ! 
 
 4, Compare the dealings of Providence with 
 you and others, yea, with others that sprung up 
 with you in the same generation, it may be in the 
 same families, and from the same parents, it may 
 be in families greater and more flourishing in the 
 world than yours, and see the difference, upon 
 many great accounts, it hath made betwixt youand 
 them. I knew aChristian, who, after many years’ 
 separation, was visited by his own brother, the 
 very sight of whom wrought upon him much as 
 the sight of Benjamin did upon Joseph, so that he 
 could not refrain to fall upon his neck, and weep 
 for joy; but, after a few hours spent together, 
 finding the spirit of his brother not only estranged 
 from all that is spiritual and serious, but also very 
 vain and profane, he hastened to his chamber, shut 
 the door upon him, threw himself down at the feet 
 of God, and, with flowing eyes and a melting 
 heart, admired the distinguishing grace of God, 
 
184 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 saying, Was not Esau Jacob’s brother? Oh grace, 
 grace, astonishing grace ! 
 
 -5. Compare the carriage of Providence towards 
 you with your own carriage towards the Lord, and 
 it must needs melt your hearts, to find so much 
 mercy. bestowed, where so much sin hath been 
 committed. What place did you ever live in 
 where you cannot remember great provocations 
 committed, and manifold mercies, notwithstanding 
 that, received? Oh, with how many notwithstand- 
 ings and neverthelesses, hath the Lord done you 
 good in every place! What relation hath not been 
 abused by sin, and yet both raised up and con- 
 tinued by Providence for your comfort? In every 
 place, God hath left the marks of his goodness, and 
 you the remembrance of your sinfulness. Give 
 yourselves but leave to think of these things, and 
 it is strange if your hearts relent not at the remem- 
 brance of them. | | 
 
 6. Do but compare your own dangers with your 
 fears, and both with the Strange outlets and doors 
 of escape Providence hath opened, and it cannot do 
 less than overpower you with a full sense of divine 
 care and goodness. 
 
 ‘There have been dark clouds seen to rise over 
 you, judgment even at your door, sometimes threat- 
 ening your life, sometimes your liberty, sometimes 
 your estate, and sometimes your dearest relations, 
 in whom, it may be, your life was bound up. Re- 
 member, in that day, what faintness of spirit seized 
 you, what charges of guilt stirred up fears of the 
 issue within you: you turned to the Lord in that 
 distress, and hath he not made a way tu escape, 
 and delivered you from all your fears? Psal. 
 XXxiv. 4, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 185 
 
 Oh! is your life such a continued throng, such 
 a distracted hurry, that there is no room to be 
 found with Christians to sit alone, and think on 
 these things, and press these marvellous discove- 
 ries of God in his providences upon their own 
 hearts? Surely, might these things but lie upon 
 our hearts, talk with our thoughts by day, and 
 lodge with us at night, they would even force their 
 passage down to our very veins. 
 
 Lighth motive. Due observation of Providence 
 will both beget and secure inward tranquillity in 
 your minds, amidst the vicissitudes and revolutions 
 of things in this unstable, vain world. 
 
 ‘¢ T will both lay me down in peace and sleep, for 
 the Lord only maketh me to dwell in safety,” 
 Psal. iv. 8. He resolves the sinful fears of events 
 shall not rob him of his inward quiet, nor tor- 
 ture his thoughts with anxious presages. He will 
 commit all his concerns into that faithful, fatherly 
 hand, that had hitherto wrought all things for him, 
 and he means not to lose the comfort of one night’s 
 rest, nor bring the evil of to-morrow upon the day, 
 but knowing in whose hand he was, wisely enjoys 
 the sweet felicity of a resigned will. 
 
 Now this tranquillity of our minds is as much 
 begotten and preserved by a due consideration of 
 Providence, as by any thing whatsoever. Hence 
 it was that our Lord Jesus Christ, when he would 
 cure the disciples’ anxious and distracting solici- 
 tudes about a livelihood, bids them consider the 
 care Providence hath over the birds of the air and 
 the lilies of the field, how he feeds the one and 
 clothes the other, without any anxious care of 
 theirs; and would have them well consider those 
 providences, and reason themselves into a calm and 
 
186 DIVINE CONDUCT; oR, 
 
 Sweet composure of spirit from those considera- 
 tions, Matt. vi. 25—34. 
 
 Two things destroy the peace and tranquillity of 
 our lives; our bewailing past disappointments, or 
 fearing future ones. But would we once learn 
 prevision and provision to be divine prerogatives, 
 and take notice how often Providence baffles those 
 that pretend to them, causing the good they fore- 
 saw (according to their conjectures) coming to 
 their hand yet to balk them, and flee from them: 
 and the evil they thought themselves sufficiently 
 secured from, to invade them. I say, would we 
 consider how Providence daily baffles these pre- 
 tensions of men, and asserts its own dominion, it 
 would greatly conduce to the tranquillity of our 
 lives. 7 
 
 This is a great truth, that there is no face of ad- 
 versity so formidable, but, being viewed from this 
 station, would become amicable. Now there are 
 several things in the consideration of Providence 
 that naturally and kindly compose the mind of a 
 Christian to peace, and bring it to a sweet rest, 
 whilst events hang in a doubtful suspense. 
 
 1. The supremacy of Providence, and its incon- 
 trollable power in working. ‘This is often seen in 
 the good that it brings us in a way that is above 
 the thoughts and cares of our minds, or labours of 
 our hands. ‘I had not thought,”’ said Jacob, * to 
 have seen thy face; and lo, God hath showed me 
 thy seed also,’ Gen. xlviii: 11. There is a fre- 
 quent coincidence of providences in a way of sur- 
 prisal, which, from no appearance, or the remotest 
 tendency of outward causes, could be foreseen, but 
 rather falls visibly cross to the present scheme and 
 posture of our affairs. Nothing tends to convince 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 187 
 
 us of the vanity and folly of our own solicitudes 
 and projections more than this doth. 
 
 2. ‘The profound wisdom of Providence in all 
 that it performeth for the people of God. ‘The 
 wheels are full of eyes, Ezek. i. 18; that is, there 
 is an intelligent and wise Spirit who sits upon, and 
 governs the affairs of this world. 
 
 This wisdom shines out tous in the unexpected, 
 yea, contrary events of things. How often have 
 we been courting some beautiful appearance that 
 invited our senses, and with trembling shunned the 
 formidable face of other things, when, notwith- 
 standing, the issues of Providence have convinced 
 us that our danger lay in what we courted, and our 
 good in what we so studiously declined! This also 
 is a sweet principle of peace and quiet to the Chris- 
 tian’s mind, that he knows not but his good may 
 be imparted in what seemed to threaten his ruin. 
 Many were the distresses and straits of Israel in 
 the wilderness, but all was to humble them, that 
 he might do them. good in the latter end,’’ Deut. 
 vill. 16. Sad and dismal was the face of that Pro- 
 vidence which sent them out of their own land into 
 the land of the Chaldeans; yet even this was a 
 project to do them good, Jer. xxiv.5. How often 
 have we retracted our rash and headlong censures 
 of things upon experience of this truth, and been 
 taught to bless our afflictions and disappointments 
 in the name of the Lord! Many a time have we 
 kissed those troubles at parting, which we met 
 with trembling. And what can promote peace, 
 under doubtful providences, more effectually than 
 this ? : 
 
 3. The experiences we have had throughout our 
 lives, of the faithfulness and constancy of Provi- 
 dence, are of excellent use to allay and quiet our 
 
188 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 hearts in any trouble that befalls us. ‘ Hitherto 
 God hath helped,’ 1 Sam. vii. 12. We never 
 found him wanting to us in any case hitherto: this 
 is not the first strait we have been in; the first 
 time that our hearts and hopes have been low. 
 Surely he is the same God now as heretofore ; his 
 hand is not shortened neither doth his faithfulness 
 fail. O recount in how great extremities former 
 experience hath taught you not to despair! 
 
 4. The conjectures Christians may make of the 
 way of Providence towards them, from what its 
 former methods have been towards them, are ex- 
 ceedingly quieting and comfortable. It is usual 
 with Christians to compare times with times, and 
 to guess at the issue of one providence by another. 
 The saints do know what course Providence usu- 
 ally holds; and, accordingly, with great probabi- 
 lity, collect what they may expect from what, in 
 like cases, they have formerly observed. Chris- 
 tian, examine thine own heart and its former ob- 
 servations, and thou wilt find, as in Psal. lxxxix. 
 30—32, that it is usually the way of God to pre- 
 pare some smart rods to correct thee, when either 
 thy heart hath secretly revolted from God, and is 
 grown vain, careless, and sensual, or when thy 
 steps have declined, and thou hast turned aside to 
 the commission of iniquity; and then when those 
 rods have been sanctified to humble, reduce, and 
 purge thy heart, it is usually observed, that those 
 sad providences are then upon the change, and 
 then the Lord changes the voice of his providence 
 towards thee. ‘*Go and proclaim these words 
 towards the north, and say, return thou backsliding 
 Israel, saith the Lord, and I will not cause mine 
 anger to fall upon you, for I am merciful, saith the 
 Lord, and I will not keep anger for ever. Only 
 
| THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 189 
 
 acknowledge thine iniquity,” &c., Jer. iii. 12, 
 13. 
 
 If, therefore, I find the blessed effects of the rod 
 upon me, that it hath done its work to break the 
 hard heart, and pull down the proud heart, and 
 awaken the drowsy heart, and quicken the sloth- 
 ful, negligent, lazy heart; now with great proba- 
 bility, I may conjecture a more comfortable aspect 
 of Providence will quickly appear, the refreshing 
 and reviving time is nigh. 
 
 5. It is usual with Christians to argue them- 
 selves into fresh reviving hopes, when the state of 
 things is most forlorn, by comparing the provi- 
 dences of God one with another. 
 
 (1.) It is a mighty composing meditation, when 
 we compare the providences of God towards the 
 inanimate and irrational creatures, with his provi- 
 dences towards us. Dothhe take care for the very 
 fowls of the air, for whom no man provides, as 
 well as those at the door which we daily feed? 
 Doth he so clothe the very grass of the field? hear 
 the young ravens when they cry for meat? and 
 can it be supposed he should forget his own peo- 
 ple, who are of much more value than these? — 
 
 (2.) Or if we compare the bounty and care that 
 Providence hath expressed to the enemies of God, 
 how it feeds, and clothes, and protects them, even 
 whilst they are fighting against him with his own 
 mercies, it cannot but quiet and satisfy us, that, 
 surely, he will not be wanting to that people upon 
 whom he hath set his love, to whom he hath given 
 his Son, and for whom he hath designed heaven 
 itself. 
 
 (3.) It must needs quiet us, when we consider 
 what the Lord did for us in the way of his provi- 
 dence, when we ourselves were in the state of na- 
 
190 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 ture and enmity against God. Did he not then 
 look after us, when we knew him not? provided 
 for us, when we owned him not in any of his mer- 
 cies? Bestowed thousands of mercies upon ts, 
 when we had no title to Christ, nor any one pro- 
 mise? And will he now do less for us, since we 
 are reconciled and become his children ? 
 
 Surely such considerations as these cannot but 
 fill the soul with peace, and preserve the tranquillity 
 of it, under the most distracting providences. 
 
 Ninth motive. Due observations of the ways of 
 God, in his providences towards us, have an ex- 
 cellent usefulness and aptitude to advance and im- 
 prove holiness in our hearts and lives; for, 
 
 1. The holiness of God is manifested to us in all 
 his works of providence. * The Lord is righteous 
 in all his ways, and holy is all his works,”? Psal. 
 exlv. 17. The instruments used. by Providence 
 may be very sinful and wicked; they may aim at 
 base ends, and make use of wicked mediums to 
 attain them; but. it is certain’ God's designs are 
 most pure, and all his workings are so too. ‘Though 
 he permits, limits, orders, and overrules many 
 unholy persons and actions, yet, in all, he works 
 like himself, and his holiness is no more defiled 
 and stained by their impurity, than the sunbeams 
 are by the noisome exhalations of a dunghill. 
 ‘He is the rock, his work is perfect ;~for all his 
 Ways are judgment, a God of truth, and without 
 iniquity; just and right is he,’? Deut. xxxii. 4. 
 So that in all his providences he sets before us a 
 perfect pattern of holiness, that he might be holy 
 in all‘our ways, as our Father is in all his ways. 
 But this is not all. 
 
 2. His providences, if duly observed, promote 
 holiness by stopping up our way to sin. Oh! if 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 191 
 
 men would but note the designs of God in his pre- 
 ventive providences, how useful would it be to 
 keep them upright and holy in their ways! For 
 why is it that the Lord so often hedges up our way 
 with thorns, as it is in Hosea ii. 6, but that we 
 should not find our paths to sin?: Why doth he 
 clog us, but to prevent our straying from him? 
 ** Lest I should be exalted above measure, there 
 Was given mea thorn in the flesh, a messenger of 
 Satan to buffet me,’”’ 2 Cor. xii..7. Oh! itis good 
 to attend to these works of God, and study the 
 meaning of them. Sometimes Providence crosses 
 a hopeful, thriving project to advance our estate, 
 and frustrates all our labours and cares; why is 
 this? but to hide pride from man. Shouldst thou 
 prosper in the world, that prosperity might be thy 
 snare, and make thee a proud, sensual, vain soul; 
 the Lord Jesus sees this, and therefore withdraws 
 the food and fuel from thy corruptions. 
 
 It may be thou hast a diseased, weak body ; 
 thou labourest often under infirmities: in this the 
 wisdom and care of God over thy soul is mani- 
 fested; for wert thou not so clogged, how pro- 
 bable is it that much more guilt might be con- 
 tracted! Your poverty doth but clog your pride; 
 reproaches clog your ambition; want prevents 
 wantonness; sickness of body conduces to. the 
 prevention of many inward gripes of conscience, 
 and groans under guilt. ’ 
 
 3. ‘The providences of God may be observed to 
 conduce to our holiness, not only preventing sin, 
 that we may not fall into it, but also purging our sins 
 when we are fallen into them.* * By this, there- 
 
 * God would not suffer instruments to-rub so hard, if it 
 were not to fetch out the dirt that is engrained in our na- 
 
192 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 fore, shall the iniquity of Jacob be purged; and 
 this is all the fruit, to take away his sin,’’ Isa. 
 Xxvli. 9, and so Dan. xi. 33—35; they are of the 
 Same use that fire and water are for purging and 
 cleansing ; not that they can purge us from sin in 
 their own virtue and power, for, if so, those that 
 have most afflictions would have most grace also ; 
 but it is in the virtue of Christ’s blood, and God’s 
 blessing upon afflictive providences, that they purge 
 us from sin. A cross without a Christ never did 
 any man good. Now, in God’s afilictive provi- 
 dences for sin, there are many things that tend to 
 the purging of it: for, . 
 
 (1.) Such rebukes of Providence discover the 
 displeasure of God against us; the Lord frowns 
 upon usin those providences: our Father is angry, 
 and these are the tokens of it; and nothing works 
 more to the melting of a gracious heart than this. 
 Must not the heart of a child melt and break whilst 
 the father is angry? O this is more bitter to our 
 spirits, than all the smart and anguish of the afflic- 
 tion can be to our flesh! ‘*Oh Lord, rebuke me 
 not in thy wrath; neither chasten me in thy hot 
 displeasure: for thine arrows stick fast in me; 
 and thine hand presseth me sore. ‘There is no 
 soundness in my flesh, because of thine anger: 
 neither is there any rest in my bones, because of 
 my sin,’ Psalm xxxviii, 1—3, | 
 
 (2.) By these rebukes for sin, the evil of sin is 
 discovered more sensibly to us, and we are made 
 to see more clearly the evil of it in these glasses of 
 affliction which Providence at such times sets be- 
 
 tures. He loves purity so well, he had rather see a hole 
 than a spot in his child’s garment.—Gurnal’s Christian 
 Armour. Par. 2. p. 221. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 193 
 
 fore us, than formerly we ever saw. « Thine 
 own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy back- 
 slidings shall reprove thee: know, therefore, and 
 see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast 
 forsaken the Lord thy God, and that my fear is 
 not in thee, saith the Lord God of hosts,’’ Jer. ii. 19. 
 Oh the gall and wormwood that we taste in it under 
 God’s rebukes for it! 
 
 (3.) Providence blasts and frustrates all sinful 
 projects to the people of God; whoever thrives in 
 them, they shall not, Isa. xxx. 1—5. And this 
 also convinces them of the folly that is in sin, and 
 makes them cleave to the way of simplicity and 
 Integrity. 
 
 (4.) Holiness is promoted in the soul, by caution- 
 ing and warning the soul against sin for time to 
 come. ‘*] have borne chastisements, I will not 
 offend any more,” Job xxxiv. 31. Oh happy pro- 
 vidences, how smart soever, that make the soul for 
 ever afraid of sin! Surely such rods are well be- 
 stowed. ‘This gives God his end; and.if ever we 
 sorrowed after a godly sort in the day of our 
 troubles, it will work this carefulness. ‘ Behold 
 this self-same thing that ye sorrowed after a godly 
 sort, what carefulness it wrought-in you,” &c., 
 2 Cor. vii. 11. Oh, if ever a man have been under 
 a sanctified rod, which hath showed him the evil 
 of sin, and kindly humbled him for it, and a temp- 
 tation should again solicit him to the same evil: 
 Why, thinks he, what a madness is it for me to buy 
 repentance at so dear arate! Have I not smarted 
 enough already ? You may as well ask me, whether 
 I shall run again into the fire, after I have been al- 
 ready scorched in it? | 
 
 (5.) Providences do greatly improve and promote | 
 holiness by drawing the soul into the presence of 
 
 17 
 
194 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 God, and giving it the opportunity and occasion of 
 much communion with him. Comfortable provi- 
 dences will do this, they will melt a man’s heart in 
 love to the God of his mercies, and so pain his 
 heart that he shall not be quiet till he have founda 
 place to pour out his soul in thankfulness to the 
 Lord, 2 Sam. vii. 18. 
 
 Afflictive providences will drive us to the feet of 
 God, and there make us to judge and condemn our- 
 selves; and all this hath an excellent use to destroy 
 sin, and promote holiness in the soul. 
 
 Tenth motive. Lastly, the consideration and 
 study of providence will be of singular use to usin 
 a dying hour. Hereby we treasure up that which 
 will singularly sweeten our death to us, and greatly 
 assist our faith in the last encounter. We find, 
 when Jacob died, what reflections he had upon the 
 dealings of God with him in the various provi- 
 dences of his life. See Gen. xlviii. 3. 7. 15, 16. 
 In like manner you find Joshua recording the pro- 
 vidences of God, when at the brink of the grave ; 
 they were the subject of his dying discourse, Josh. 
 xxiv., and I cannot but think it a sweet close’ to 
 the life of any Christian: it must needs sweeten a 
 death-bed, to recount there the several remarkable 
 passages of God’s care and love to us from our 
 beginning to that day; to reflect upon the mercies 
 that went along with us all the way, when we 
 are come to the end of it. O Christians, treasure 
 up these instances for such a time as that is, that 
 you may go out of the world blessing God for‘all 
 the goodness of truth he hath performed to you all 
 your life long. Now the meditations of. these 
 things must needs be of great use in that day, if you 
 consider the following particulars : 
 
 1. The time of death is the time when souls are 
 
— ee a 
 
 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 195 
 
 usually most violently assaulted by Satan, with 
 horrid temptations and black suggestions. We 
 may say of that figuratively, as it is said of the 
 natural serpent, he never exerts his utmost rage till 
 the last encounter, and then his great design is to 
 persuade the saints that God loves them not, hath 
 no care nor regard for them, nor their cries ; though 
 they pray for ease, and cry for sparing mercy, they 
 see none comes, He handles them with as much 
 
 -roughness and severity as other men; yea, many 
 
 of the vilest and most dissolute wretches endure 
 less torments and are more gently handled than 
 they. ‘There are no bands in their death,” 
 Psal. Ixxiii. 4, whereas thou must go through a 
 long lane of sickness to the grave, and endure many 
 deaths in one. | 
 
 But what credit can these plausible tales of Sa- 
 tan obtain with a Christian, who hath been treasur- 
 ing-up all his life long the memories of God’s 
 tender regard, both to his wants and prayers, and 
 that hath carefully remarked the evident returns of 
 his prayers, and gracious condescensions of God to 
 him, from his beginning to that moment! In this 
 case, his faith is mightily assisted by thousands of 
 experiences which back and encourage it, and will 
 not suffer the soul to give up so easily a truth which 
 he hath so often sensibly felt and tasted. I am 
 sure, saith he, God hath had a tender, fatherly 
 care of me ever since I became his; he never failed 
 me yet in any former strait, and I cannot believe 
 he will doso now. I know his love is like himself, 
 unchangeable. ‘‘ Having loved his own which 
 were in the world, he loved them unto to the end,’ 
 John xiii. 1. “ For this God is our God for ever 
 and ever, he will be our Guide, even unto death,”’ 
 Psal. xlviii. 14. Did he love me in my youth, and 
 
196 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 will he cast me off inmy decrepid age? **O God,”’ 
 says the psalmist, ‘thou hast taught me from my 
 youth, and hitherto have I declared thy wondrous 
 works; now also, when Iam old and grey-headed, 
 O God, forsake me not,’ Psalm Ixxi. 17, 18. 
 
 2. At death, the saints are engaged in the last 
 and one of the most eminent works of faith, even 
 the committing of themselves into the hands of 
 God, when we are launching forth into that vast 
 eternity, and entering into that new state, which 
 will make so great a change upon us in a moment. 
 In this, Christ sets us a pattern; ‘ Father, into 
 thy hands I commend my spirit,” Luke xxiii. 46, 
 and having said thus, he gave up the ghost. So 
 Stephen, at his death, «Lord Jesus receive my 
 spirit, and immediately fell asleep,” Acts vii. 59, 
 60. 
 
 There are two signal and remarkable acts of faith, 
 both exceedingly difficult, namely, its first act and 
 its last. The first is a great venture that.it makes 
 of itself upon Christ; and the last is a great ven- 
 ture too, to vast itself into the ocean of eternity, 
 upon the credit of a promise. But yet I know the 
 first adventure of the soul upon Christ is much 
 more difficult than the last adventure upon death ; 
 and that which makes it so is, ina great measure, 
 the manifold recorded experiences that the soul 
 hath been gathering up from the day of its espou- 
 sals to Christ, unto its dying-day, which is, ina 
 sense, its marriage-day. Oh! with what encour- 
 agement may a soul throw himself into the arms 
 of that God, with whom he hath so long conversed 
 and walked, in this world! whose visits have been 
 Sweet and frequent, with whom the soul hath con- 
 tracted so intimate acquaintance in this world; 
 whom he hath committed all his affairs to, former- 
 
THE MYSTERY! OF PROVIDENCE. 197 
 
 ly, and still found him a faithful God; and now 
 hath no reason to doubt but he shall find him so in 
 this last distress and exigence also. 
 
 3. At death, the people of God receive the last 
 mercies that ever they shall receive in this world 
 by the hand of Providence, and are immediately to 
 make up their accounts with God, for all the mer- 
 cies that ever they received from his hand. What 
 can be more suitable, therefore, to a dying person, 
 than to recount with himself the mercies of his 
 whole life, the manifuld receipts of favour for 
 which he is to reckon with God, speedily ; and 
 how shall this be done without a due and serious 
 observation and recording of them now? I know 
 there are. thousands of mercies forgotten by the 
 best of Christians; a memory of brass cannot con- 
 tain them: and I know also that Jesus Christ must 
 make up the account for us, or it will never pass 
 with God ; yet it is our duty to keep the accounts 
 of our mercies, and how they have been improved 
 by us, for we are stewards, and then we are to 
 give an account of our stewardship. 
 
 4. At death, we owe an account also to men, 
 and stand obliged, if there be opportunity for it, to 
 make known to them that survive us, what we 
 have seen and found of God in this world, that we 
 may leave a testimony for God with men, and 
 bring up a good report upon his ways. Thus 
 dying Jacob, when Joseph was come to take his 
 last farewell of him in this world, strengthened 
 himself, and sat upon the bed, and related to him 
 the eminent appearances of God to him, and the 
 places where, Gen. xlviii. 2, 3, as also an account 
 of his afflictions, ver. 7. .So Joshua, im his last 
 speech to the people, makes it his business to vin- 
 dicate and clear the truth of the promises, by re- 
 
198 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 counting to them how the providence of God hath 
 fulfilled the same, toa tittle, in his day. ‘+ And 
 behold,” saith he, ‘* this day I am going the way 
 of all the earth, and ye know in all your hearts, 
 and in all your souls, that not one thing hath failed 
 of all the good things which the Lord your God 
 spake concerning you; all are come to pass unto 
 you, and not one thing hath failed thereof,’ Joshua 
 Xx. 14. , 
 
 And certainly it is. of great importance to the 
 world to understand the judgments, and hear of 
 the experiences of dying men. ‘They, of all men, 
 are presumed to be most wise and most serious; 
 besides, this is the last opportunity that ever we 
 shall have in this world to speak for God. Oh, 
 then, what a sweet thing would it be to close up 
 our lives with an honourable account of the ways 
 of God! ‘To go out of the world blessing him for 
 ali the mercies and truth which he hath here per- 
 formed to us! How would this encourage weak 
 Christians, and convince the atheistical world, that 
 verily there is a reality and an excellency in the 
 ways and people of God! 
 
 5. At death, we begin the angelical life of praise 
 and thanksgiving: we then enter upon that ever- 
 lasting sweet employment; and, as J doubt not but 
 the providences in which we were concerned in 
 this world will be a part of that song which we 
 shall sing in heaven, so certainly it will become 
 us to tune our hearts and tongues for it, whilst we 
 are here, and especially when we are ready to 
 enter upon that blessed state. Let it, therefore, be 
 your daily meditation and study, what God hath 
 been to you, and done for you, from the beginning 
 of his way hitherto. . 
 
 And thus I have spread before you some encour- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 199 
 
 agements to this blessed work. O that you would 
 be persuaded to this lovely and every way bene- 
 ficial practice! ‘This I dare presume to say, that 
 whoever finds a careful and a thankful heart, to 
 record and treasure up the daily experiences of 
 God’s mercy to him, shall never want new mer- 
 cies to record, to his dying day. It was said of 
 Claudian, that he wanted matter suitable to the ex- 
 cellence of his parts; but where is the head or 
 heart that is suitable to this matter? Who can 
 utter the mighty acts of the Lord? Who can show 
 forth all his praise? Psal. evi. 2. 
 
 Thus I have, through the aid of Providence, 
 despatched the main design I aimed at in the 
 choice of this subject. All that remains will now 
 be speedily finished in some few corollaries to be 
 briefly noted upon the whole, and three or four 
 practical cases to be stated. You have heard 
 how Providence ‘ performeth all things for you.” 
 Learn hence, 
 
 First corollary. ‘That God is therefore to be 
 owned by you in all that befalls you in this world, 
 whether it be in a way of success and comfort, or 
 of trouble and affliction. O, it is your duty to ob- 
 serve his hand and disposal! When God gives 
 you comforts, it is your great evil not to observe 
 his handin them. Hence was the charge against 
 israel, ‘*She did not know that I gave her corn, 
 and wine, and oil, and multiplied her silver and 
 gold,’ Hos. ii. 8, that is, she did not actually and 
 affectionately consider my eare over her, and good- 
 ness to her in these mercies. And so for afflic- 
 tions, it is a great wickedness, when God’s hand 
 is lifted up, not to see it, Isa. xxvi. 11. ‘The 
 ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master’s 
 crib,” Isa. i. 3; the most dull and stupid creatures 
 
200 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 know their benefactors. O look to- the hand of 
 God in all, and know, that neither your comforts 
 nor afflictions arise out of the dust, or spring up 
 out of the ground. 
 
 Second corollary. 1f God perform all things for 
 you, how great is his condescension to and eare 
 over his people! ** What is man that thou shouldst 
 magnify him, and set thine heart upon him? and 
 that thou shouldst visit him every morning, and 
 try him every moment?” Job vii. 17,18. Such 
 is his tender eare over you, that he withdraws not 
 his eye from you. See Job xxxvi. 7. Lest any 
 hurt you, he himself will guard and keep you, day 
 and night, Isa. xxvii. 3. Should he withdraw-his 
 eye or hand one moment from you, that moment 
 would be your ruin. ‘Ten thousand evils watch 
 but for such an opportunity to rush in upon you, 
 and destroy you and all your comforts. You are 
 too dear to him to be trusted in any hand but his 
 own. ‘All his saints are in thy hand,” Deut. 
 XXXII. 3. 
 
 Lhird corollary. Learn hence how you are 
 obliged to perform all duties and services for God, 
 who performeth all. things for you. It was the 
 wish of a good man, Oh! that I could be to God 
 what my hand is to me, namely, a serviceable, 
 useful instrument! Shall God do all things for you, 
 and will you do nothing for God? Is. Providence 
 every moment at work for you, and will you be 
 idle? ‘To what purpose then is all that God hath 
 done for you? Is it not the aim and design of all 
 to make you a fruitful people? If God plant, and 
 fence, and water you by providence, surely he 
 looks you should bring forth fruit, Isa; v. 1—4, 
 O that, in return for all the benefits of Providence, 
 you would say to God, as grateful Elisha said to 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 201 
 
 the Shunammite, behold thou hast been careful for 
 us with all this care, what is to be donef or thee? 
 2 Kings iv. 13, and with David, ** What shall I 
 render unto the Lord for all his benefits towards 
 me?’ Psal. exvi. 12. He is ever doing you good, 
 be you always abounding in his work. His pro- 
 vidence stands by you in your greatest distresses 
 and dangers; do not you flinch from God, when 
 his service and your duty is compassed about with 
 difficulties. O be active for that God who is acting 
 every moment for you! 
 
 fourth Corollary. Doth God perform all things 
 for his people? Do not distrust him then as often 
 as new or great difficulties arise. Why should | 
 you think that He who hath done so many things 
 for you will now do no more? Surely ‘the Lord’s 
 hand is not shortened that it cannot save, nor.his 
 ear heavy, that it cannot hear,’” Isa. lix. 1, if any 
 thing put a stop to his mercy, it is your iniquities, 
 your distrust, and. infidelity. ‘* How long wilk«it 
 be ere you believe him?’’ If a’ thousand and: ten 
 thousand trials and experiences of his tender care, 
 faithfulness, and love, will cure this distemper in 
 you, you have them at hand todo it. If the fre- 
 quent confutations of this your distrust, by the un- 
 expected breakings-out of mercy for you, under 
 like discouragements, will cure it, look back, and 
 you may see them. Certainly you have been 
 often forced by Providence, with shame and repen- 
 tance, to retract your rash censures of his care! 
 and yet will you fall into the same distemper 
 again? O, that you would once learn this great 
 truth, that no man ever wanted that mercy, which 
 he wanted not a heart to trust and wait quietly 
 upon Godfor. You never yet sought God in vain, 
 except when you sought him vainly. , 
 
 18 
 
202 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 fifth corollary. Doth God perform all things 
 for you? hen seek God for all by prayer, and 
 never undertake any design without him: cer- 
 tainly, if he do not perform it for you, you can 
 never have what you desire and labour for: and 
 though he have designed to perform this or that 
 mercy for you, yet for these things he will be in- 
 quired of, that he may do it for you, Ezek. xxxvi. 
 37. Treckon that business as good as done, that . 
 mercy as good as if it were in hand, that trouble as 
 good as over, for the doing, enjoying, or removing 
 whereof we have engaged God by prayer. It is 
 our folly to engage this instrument or that for us, 
 o attempt this way and that way to.compass our 
 design, and all the while forget him, upon whose 
 pleasure all instruments and means \entirely de- 
 pend, ‘That which begins not with prayer, seldom 
 winds up with comfort.‘ The way of man is not 
 in himself;’? if it were, prayer might then be 
 reckoned lost labour. Olet him that performs.all, 
 be owned and acknowledged in all. 
 
 Sixth corollary. Lastly, if God’ perform all 
 things for us; then it is our great interest and con- 
 cern in all things to study to please him, upon 
 whom we depend for all things. 
 
 It is a grave and weighty observation of Chrys- 
 ostom: Nothing should be grievous and bitter to 
 a Christian, but to provoke the displeasure of God. 
 Avoid that, and no affliction or trouble whatever 
 can cast down such a prudent soul; but even asa 
 spark is easily extinguished in the sea, so will the 
 
 avour of God extinguish all those troubles. It is 
 with such a soul, saith he, as it is with the hea- . 
 vens: we think the heavens suffer, when they-are 
 Overspread with clouds, and the sun suffers when 
 it is eclipsed; but there is no such thing, they 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 2C3 
 
 suffer not when they seem to suffer. Every thing 
 is well, and shall be well, when all is well betwixt 
 us and God. The great consolation of the saints 
 lies in this, that all which concerns them is in the 
 hands of their Father. “I had utterly despaired,” 
 saith Luther, **had not Christ been head of the 
 church.”’ When he that performs all things is our 
 God, even our God that delights in our prosperity, 
 that rejoices over us to do us good, what ample 
 security is there in the greatest confusions and 
 dangers, When one told Borromeus, that there 
 were some that laid wait for his life, his answer 
 was, What! is God in the world for nothing? And 
 as notable, was the reply of Silentiarius in a like 
 case, If God takes no care of me, how do I live, 
 how have I subsisted hitherto ? Though it seem a 
 romance to many, saith a late grave author, yet we 
 must either quit the Scriptures or give credit to 
 this, that the most infallible rules for one to raise 
 his fortune and insure a destiny, that can control 
 the stars, are given forth there, namely, in the 
 Scriptures, where it is evidently found, that a good 
 man may even be his own carver. O that we 
 would but steer our course according to those rare 
 politics of the Bible, those divine maxims of wis- 
 dom! Fear nothing. but sin. Study nothing so 
 much as how to please God. Warp not from 
 your integrity under any temptation. Trust God 
 in the way of your duty. These are sure rules to 
 secure yourselves and your interest in all the vi- 
 cissitudes of this life. 
 
 My last work will be to state three or four prac- 
 tical cases about this subject, and so I shall shut 
 up this discourse of Providence. | 
 
 First case. How may a Christian discover the 
 
904. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 will of God and his own duty, under dark and 
 doubtful providences ? 
 
 In order to the clearing of this case, we are to 
 consider what is meant by the will of God; what 
 by those doubtful providences, that make the dis- 
 covery of his wil] difficult, and what rules are to 
 be observed for the clearing up of God’s will to 
 ourselves, under such difficult and puzzling pro- 
 vidences. 
 
 As to the will of God, it falls under a twofold 
 consideration, namely, of his ‘secret and revealed 
 will. ‘his distinction is found in that Scripture, 
 ‘¢ The secret things belong unto the Lord our God, 
 but those things which are revealed belong unto 
 us,’ &e., Deut. xxix. 29. The first is the rule of 
 his own Kottotiy: the latter of ours; and this only 
 is concerned in the query. 
 
 This revealed will of God is either manifested to 
 us in his word, or in his works. ‘The former is 
 his commanding will; the latter, his effecting or 
 permitting will; the one concerning good; the 
 other, about evil. 
 
 In these ways God manifests his will to men, 
 but yet with great variety and difference, both as to 
 the things revealed, the persons to whom he re- 
 veals them, and the degrees of clearness in which 
 they are revealed. 1. As to the things revealed, 
 there is great difference;' for the great and neces- 
 sary duties of religion are revealed to us in the word 
 with great perspicuity and evidence. About these, 
 there can be no hesitation; but things of a lower 
 nature and lesser concern are left more, obscure. 
 2. As to the persons to whom God reveals his will, 
 there is great difference; some are strong men, 
 others babes, 1 Cor. ili. 1; some have senses ex- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 905 
 
 ercised, others are of weak and dull understanding ; 
 and. we know every thing is received according to 
 the ability and measure of the person receiving it. 
 Hence it is, that one man’s way is very plain be- 
 fore him, he knows what he‘ought to do; the other 
 is ever and anon at a loss, dubious and uncertain 
 what to do. 38. The manner of God’s revealing 
 his will to men is also very different. Some have 
 had special, personal, and peculiar discoveries of it 
 made to them. So had Samuel about the choice 
 of the person whom he should anoint king, 1 Sam. 
 ix. 15, and'so had David, 1 Sam. xxiii. 2. 4. 9—12: 
 where you find, upon his inquiry of, God, (likely 
 by the urim and thummim,) God told him what 
 was his duty as to that expedition, and what would 
 be the event of it... 
 
 But now all are tied up to the ordinary, standing 
 rule of the written word, and must not expect any 
 such extraordinary revelations from’ God... The 
 way we now have to know the will of God con- 
 cerning us in diflicalt cases, is to search and study 
 the Scriptures ; and where we find no particular 
 rule to guide us in this or that particular case, there 
 we are to apply general rules, and govern ourselves 
 according to the analogy and proportion they bear 
 towards each other. | 
 
 But now, it often falls out, that in-such doubtful 
 cases we are entangled in our own thoughts, and 
 put to a loss what course to take. We pray with 
 David, that God would “ make his way plain be- 
 fore us,” Psal. v. 8. . Afraid we are of displeasing 
 God, and yet doubtful we may do so, whether we 
 resolve this way or that. And this comes to pass, 
 not only through the difficulty of the case, and from 
 our Own ignorance and inadvertency, but very fre- 
 quently from those providences that lie before us, 
 
206 ' DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 wherein God seems to hint his mind to us, this way 
 or that, and whether we may safely guide our- 
 selves, by those intimations of Providence, is 
 doubtful to us. 7 
 ‘That God doth give men secret hints and intima- 
 tions of his will, by his providence, cannot be 
 doubted ; but yet providences, in themselves, are 
 no stable rule of duty, nor sufficient discovery of 
 the will of God. We may say of them, ‘ Behold, 
 { go forward, but he is not there: and backward, but 
 I cannot perceive him: on the left hand, where he 
 doth work, but L cannot behold him; he hideth him- 
 self on the right hand, that I cannot see him,’’ Job 
 xxii. 8,°9, j ’ 
 If providence in itself be allowed to be a suffi- 
 cient discovery of God’s will to us, then we shall 
 be forced oftentimes to justify and condemn the 
 same cause or person, forasmuch as there is ‘* one 
 event happens to all,’ and ‘as it falls out to the 
 good, so to the wicked, Eccles. ix. 2. Besides, if 
 providence alone were the rule to judge any action 
 or design by, then a wicked undertaking would 
 cease to be so, if it should succeed well; but sin is 
 sin still, and duty is duty still, whatever the events 
 and issues of either be. ; 
 , ‘The safest way, therefore, to make use of pro= 
 vidences, in such ‘cases, is to consider them as 
 they follow the commands or promises of the word, 
 and not singly and separately in themselves. If 
 you search the Scriptures with, an impartial ‘and 
 unbiassed spirit, in a doubtful case, pray for counsel 
 and direction from the Lord, attend to the dictates 
 of conscience; when you have done all, and shall 
 find the providences of God falling out agreeably 
 to the dictates of your own conscience, and the 
 best light you can find in the word, you may, in 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 207 
 
 such cases, make use of it as an encouragement to 
 you in the way of your duty; but the most signal 
 demonstrations-of Providence are not to be accepted 
 against a Scripture rule; no smiles or successes of 
 Providence may in this case encourage us to pro- 
 eeed: and, on the other side, no frowns or dis- 
 couragements of Providence should dishearten us 
 in the way of our duty, how many soever we 
 - should encounter therein. . Holy Job could not 
 find the meaning of God in his works, yet would 
 he not ** go back from the commandment of his 
 lips,’ Job xxii. 12. The like resolution you find 
 in David to proceed in his duty, and cleave to the 
 word, how many stumbling-blocks soever Provi- 
 dence should permit to be laid in his way. ‘TI 
 am become,’ saith he, ‘like a bottle in the smoke,”’ 
 not only blacked, but withered up by troubles, ‘* yet 
 do I not forget thy statutes,” Psal. exix. 83; and 
 again, ‘* They had almost consumed me upon 
 earth ; ; but I forsook not thy precepts,’’ ver. 87. 
 
 Paul, by the direction of the Spirit, was engaged 
 to go to Jerusalem, Acts xx. 22. | After a clear re- 
 velation of the mind of God to him in that matter, 
 how many difficult and discouraging providences 
 befell him in his way! The disciples of Tyre said 
 to him ‘* by the Spirit,’” though in that they follow- 
 ed their own spirits, ‘ that “he should not go to 
 Jerusalem,”’ Acts xxi. 4. 
 
 Then at Cesarea, he met Agabus, a prophet, who 
 told him what should befall him when he came 
 thither, chap. xxi. 10, 11. All ‘this will, not dis- 
 suade htm. And after all this, how passionately 
 do the brethren beseech him to decline that jour- 
 ney! verses 12,13. Yet knowing his rule, and re- 
 solving to be faith ful to it, he puts by all, and pro- 
 ceeds on in his journey. 
 
208 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 Well. then, Providence, in concurrence with the 
 word, may give some encouragement to us in our 
 way, but no testimony of Providence is to be ac- 
 cepted against the word. If Scripture. and con- 
 science tell you, such a way is sinful, you may 
 not venture upon it, how many opportunities and 
 encouragements soever Providence may suffer to 
 offer themselves to you, for they are only permit- 
 ted for your trial, not your encouragement: take 
 this, therefore, for a sure rule, that no providence 
 can legitimate or justify any moral evil; nor will it 
 be a plea before God, for any man to say, The 
 providence of God gave me encouragement to do it, 
 though the word gave me none. If, therefore, in 
 doubtful cases, you would discover God’s will, 
 govern yourselves in. your search after it by these 
 rules. 
 
 1. Get the true fear of God upon your hearts; 
 be really afraid of offending him; God will not 
 hide his. mind from such a soul. ‘'The secret-of 
 the Lord is with them-that fear him, and he will 
 show them his covenant,’’ Psal. xxv. 14. 
 
 2. Study the word more, and the concerns and 
 interests of the world less. ‘The word is a light to 
 your feet, Psal. cxix. 105, that is, it hath a dis- 
 covering and directive usefulness as to all the du- 
 ties to be done, and dangers to be avoided: it is 
 the great oracle at which you are to inquire: trea- 
 sure up its rules in your hearts, and you will walk 
 safely. ‘Thy word have I hid in my heart, that 
 I might not sin against thee,” Psal. exix. 11. | 
 
 3. Reduce what you know into practice, and 
 you shall know what is your duty to practise. 
 ‘If any mando his will, he shall know of the 
 doctrine,” John vii. 17 «A good understanding 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 909 
 
 have all they that do his commandments,” Psal. 
 exi. 10. 
 
 4. Pray for illumination and ‘direction in the 
 way that you should go; beg the Lord to guide 
 you in straits, and that he would not suffer you 
 to fall into sin. This was the holy practice of 
 Ezra. ‘Then I proclaimed a fast there at the 
 river Ahava, that we might afflict ourselves before 
 our God, to seek of him a right way for us, and 
 for our little ones, and for all our substance,”’ 
 Ezra vili. 21. 7 7 
 
 5. And this being done, follow providence so 
 far as it agrees with the word, and no further. 
 There is no use to be made of providence against 
 the word, but in subserviency to it; and there are 
 two excellent uses of providence in subserviency 
 to the word. 1. Providences as they follow pro- 
 mises and prayer, are evidences of God’s faithful- 
 ness in their accomplishment. When David lan- 
 guished under a disease, and his enemies begun to 
 triumph. in the hopes of his downfall, he prays 
 that God would be merciful to him, and raise him 
 up; and by that, he saith, ‘* He knew the Lord 
 favoured him, because his enemy did not triumph 
 over him,’ Psal, xli. 11. This providence he 
 looked upon as a token for good, as elsewhere he 
 calls it, Psal. Ixxxvi. 17. 2. Providences give us 
 loud calls. to those duties, which the command lays 
 upon us, and tells us when we are actually and 
 presently under the obligation of the commands as 
 to the performance of them. ‘Thus, when sad pro- 
 vidences befall the church or ourselves, they call 
 us to humiliation, and Jet us know that then the 
 command to humble ourselves at the feet of God 
 is in force upon us. ‘* The Lord’s voice crieth to 
 
LU DIVINE CONDUCT} OR, 
 
 the city, and the man of wisdom shall see thy 
 name, hear the rod, and who hath appointed it,”’ 
 Micah vi. 9. ‘The rod hath a voice, and what 
 doth it speak? Why now is the time to humble 
 yourselves under the mighty hand of God; this is 
 the day of. trouble in which God hath bid you to 
 eall upon him; and, contrariwise, when comfort- 
 able providences refresh us, it now informs us, 
 this is the time to rejoice in God, according to the 
 tule: ‘ In the day of prosperity be joyful,” Eccles. 
 vil. 14, These precepts bind always, but apply 
 to various circumstances: it is our duty, therefore, 
 and our wisdom, to distinguish seasons, and know 
 the proper duties of every season ; and Providence 
 is an index that points them out to us. 
 
 Second case. How may a Christian be snp- 
 ported in waiting upon God, whilst Providence 
 delays the performance of the mercies to him, for 
 which he hath long prayed and waited ? 
 
 Two things are supposed in this case. That 
 Providence may linger and delay the performance 
 of those mercies to us, that we have long waited 
 and prayed for. ‘That during that delay and sus- 
 pension, our hearts and hopes may be very low, 
 and ready to fail. i 
 
 1. Providence may long delay the performance 
 of those mercies we have prayed and waited upon 
 God for. , 
 
 For the right. understanding of this, know that 
 there is a twofold term, or season, fixed for the 
 performance of mercy to us. One by the Lord 
 our God, in whose hand times and seasons are, 
 Acts 1.7; another by ourselves, who raise up our 
 own expectations of mercies, sometimes merely 
 through the eagerness of our desires after them, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 9 ba | 
 
 and sometimes upon uncertain conjectural grounds 
 and appearances of encouragement, that lie be- 
 fore us. ; 
 
 Now, nothing’ can be more precise, certain, and 
 punctual, than is the performance of mercy at the 
 time and season which God hath appointed, how 
 long soever it be, or how many obstacles soever 
 lie in the way of it. ‘Chere was a time prefixed 
 by God himself for the performance of that pro- 
 mise of Israel’s deliverance out of Egypt; and it is 
 said, ‘At the end of the four hundred and thirty 
 years, even the self-same day, it came to pass that 
 all the host of the Lord went out of the land of 
 Egypt,” Exod. xii. 41. Compare this with Acts 
 vil. 17, and there you have the ground and reason 
 why their deliverance was not, nor could be, de- 
 layed one day longer, because ‘‘the time of the 
 promise was now come.”’ Promises must accom- 
 plish their appointed time, and when they have so 
 done, Providence will fulfil them, and not one of 
 them shall miscarry. 
 
 But for the seasons, which are of our own fix- 
 ing and appointment, as God is not tied to them, 
 so his providences are not governed by them, and 
 hence are our disappointments. ‘* We looked for 
 
 eace, but no good came ; fora time of health, and 
 behold trouble,” Jer. viii. 15. . And hereupon is it 
 that we fret at the delays of Providence, and sus- 
 pect the faithfulness of God in their performance. 
 «But his thoughts are not our thoughts,” Isa. lv. 
 8, «The Lord is not slack’concerning his pro- 
 mise, as men count slackness,’. 2 Peri soe 
 is slackness, if you reckon by our own rule and 
 measure, but it is not so if you reckon and count 
 it by God’s.. The Lord doth not compute and 
 reckon his seasons of working by our arithmetic. 
 
912 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 You have both these rules compared, and the 
 ground of our mistake detected in this Scripture : 
 ‘« "The vision is yet for an appointed time, but, at 
 the end, it shall speak, and not lie: though it tarry, 
 wait for it, because it will surely come, it will not 
 tarry,’’ Hab. ii. 3. : 
 
 God appoints the time: when that appointed 
 time is come, the expected mercies will not fail ; 
 but, in the mean time, “ though it tarry,” saith the 
 prophet, ‘* wait for it, for it will not tarry.” Tarry, 
 and not tarry, how shall this be reconciled? The 
 meaning is, it may tarry much beyond your ex- 
 pectation, but not a moment beyond God’s appoint- 
 ment. | , 
 
 2. During this delay of Providence, the hearts 
 and hopes of the people of God may be very low, 
 and much discouraged. This is very plain from 
 what the Scriptures have recorded of others, and 
 every one of us may find in our own experiences. 
 We have an instance of this in Isa, xlix. 13, 14, 
 In the 18th verse you have God’s faithful promise, 
 that * he will comfort his people, and have mercy 
 upon his afflicted ;”” enough, one would think, to 
 raise and comfort their hearts. But the -mercy 
 promised was long in coming, they waited from 
 year to year, and still the burden pressed them, 
 and was not removed. And therefore “ Zion said, 
 the Lord hath forsaken me, and my Lord hath for- 
 gotten me,”’ ver. 14, as if:she had said, It is in 
 vain to look for such a merey, God hath no regard 
 to us, we are out of his heart and mind, he neither 
 cares for us, nor minds what becomes of us. 
 
 So it was with David, after God had made him 
 such a promise, and in the time thereof so faith- 
 fully performed it, that never was mercy better se- 
 cured to any man; for they are called ‘the sure 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 913 
 
 mercies of David,” Isa. lv. 3, yet Providence de- 
 layed the accomplishment of them so. long, and 
 suffered such difficulties to intervene, that he not 
 only despairs to see the accomplishment of them, 
 but even concludes God had forgotten them too. 
 ‘“How long wilt thou forget me, O Lord? for 
 ever ?”’ Psal. xiii. 1. And what he speaks here 
 by way of question, he elsewhere turns into a po- 
 sitive conclusion: *¢ All men are liars; I shall one 
 day perish by the hand of: Saul,’’ Psal, exvi. 11. 
 And the causes of these despondencies and sink- 
 ings of heart are partly from ourselves, and partly 
 from Satan. If we duly examine our own hearts 
 about it, we shall find that these sinkings of heart 
 are, 
 
 (1.) The immediate effects of unbelief. We do 
 not depend and rely upon the word with that full 
 trust and confidence that are due to the infallible 
 word of a faithful and unchangeable God. You 
 may see the ground of this faintness in that Scrip- 
 ture, ‘‘I had fainted unless I had believed,”’ Psal. 
 XXviil. 13. Faith is the only cordial that relieves 
 the heart against these faintinys and despondencies. 
 where this is wanting, or is weak, no wonder our 
 hearts sink at this rate, when discouragements are 
 before us. 
 
 (2.) Our judging and measuring things by the 
 rules of sense; this is a great cause of our discou- 
 ragements. We conclude, that according to the 
 appearances of things, so will be their issues. If 
 Abraham had done so in that great trial of his faith, 
 he had certainly lost his footing; ‘but against 
 hope (that is, against natural probability) he be- 
 lieved in hope, giving glory to God,” Rom. iv. 18. 
 If Paul had done so, he had fainted under his trials. 
 ‘‘ We faint not,” saith he, «* whilst we look not at 
 
PA eS DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 the things that are seen,’? 2 Cor. iv. 16, 18, as if 
 he had said, that which keeps-up our spirits is our 
 looking off from things present and visible, and 
 measuring all by another rule, namely, the power 
 and fidelity of God firmly engaged in the pro- 
 mises. 
 
 (3.) In all these things, Satan manages a design 
 upon us. Hence he takes occasion to suggest hard 
 thoughts of God, and. to beat off our souls from all 
 confidence in him, and expectations from him. He 
 is the great causer of opposition betwixt God and 
 the saints. He reports the difficulties and fears 
 that are in our ways, with advantage, and labours 
 to weaken our hands and discourage our hearts in 
 Waiting upon God. And these suggestions gain 
 the more credit with us, because they are con- 
 firmed and attested by sense and feeling, 
 
 But here is a desperate design, earrying on un- 
 der very plausible pretences, against our souls. It 
 concerns us to be watchful now, and maintain our 
 faith and hope in God. How blessed is he who 
 can resign all to God, and quietly wait for his sal- 
 vation. ‘T’o assist the soulin this difficulty, I shall 
 offer some further help besides what hath been for- 
 merly given under the first caution, in the follow- 
 ing considerations : a 
 
 First consideration. Though Providence do not 
 yet perform the mercies you wait for, yet you have 
 no ground to entertain hard‘ thoughts of God; for 
 it is possible God never gave you any ground for 
 your expectation of these things from him. It. 
 may be you have no promise to found your hope 
 upon; and if so, why should God be suspected 
 and dishonoured by you in a case wherein his truth 
 and faithfulness were never engaged to you? If we 
 are crossed in our outward concerns, and see our 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 915 
 
 expectations of prosperity dashed; if we see such 
 or such an outward comfort removed, from which 
 we promised ourselves much; why must God be 
 accused for this? These things you promised 
 yourselves ; but where did God promise you pros- 
 perity, and the continuance of those comfortable 
 things to you? Produce his promise, and show 
 wherein he hath broken it. It is not enough for 
 you to say, There are general promises in the 
 Scripture, that * God will withhold no good thing,” 
 and these are good things which Providence with- 
 holds from you; for that promise, Psal. Ixxxiv. 1], 
 hath its limitations, it is expressly limited to such 
 as ** walk uprightly ;”’ and it concerns you to exa- 
 mine whether you have done so, before you quar- 
 rel with Providence for non-performance of it. 
 Ah! friend, search thine own heart, reflect upon 
 thine own ways; seest thou not so many flaws in 
 thine integrity, so many turnings aside from God, 
 both in heart and: life, that may justify God, not 
 only in withholding what thou lookest for, but in 
 removing all that thou enjoyest? And, besides this 
 limitation as to the object, it is limited (as all other 
 promises relating to externals are) in the matter or 
 things promised by the wisdom and will of God, 
 which is the only rule by which they are measured 
 out to men in this world; that is, such mercies, in 
 such proportions as he sees needful and most con- 
 ducive to your good; and these given out in such 
 times and seasons as are of his own. appointment, 
 not yours. 
 
 God never came under an absolute, unlimited tie 
 for outward comforts to any of us; and if we be 
 disappointed, we can blame none but ourselves, 
 Who bid us expect rest, ease, delight, and things 
 of this kind in this world? He hath never told us, 
 
216 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 we shall be rich, healthy, and at ease in our habi- 
 tations; but, on the contrary, he hath often told us 
 we must expect ‘troubles in the world,’ John 
 Xvi. 83, and that ‘through many tribulations.we 
 must enter into his kingdom,” Acts xiv. 22. All 
 that he stands bound to us by promise for, is, to 
 ‘*be with us in trouble,” Psal. xci. 15, to supply 
 our real and absolute needs. ‘* When the. poor 
 and needy seek water, and there is, none, and their 
 tongue faileth for thirst, I the Lord will hear them, 
 I the God of Israel will not forsake them,” Isa. 
 xli. 17, and to sanctify all these providences to our 
 good at last: ** All things shall work together for 
 good to them that love God,’? Rom. viii. 28. 
 And, as to all these things, not one tittle ever did or 
 shall fail. 
 
 Second consideration. But if you say, you have 
 Jong waited upon God for spiritual mercies to your 
 souls, according to the promise, and stili those 
 mercies are deferred, and your eyes fail whilst you 
 look for them; I would desire you seriously to 
 consider of what’ kind those spiritual mercies are, 
 for which you have so long waited upon God, 
 Spiritual mercies are of two sorts; such as belong 
 to the essence, the very being of the new creature, 
 without which it must fail; or, its well-being, and 
 the comfort of the inner man, without which you 
 cannot live so cheerfully as you would. The 
 mercies of the former kind are absolutely neces- 
 sary, and therefore put into absolute promises, as 
 you read: ‘¢ And I will make an everlasting cove- 
 nant with them, that I will not turn away from 
 them to do them good, but I will put my fear in 
 their hearts, that they shall not depart from me,” 
 Jer. xxxii. 40. But for the rest, they are dis- 
 pensed to us in such measures, and at such seasons 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. oT7 
 
 as the Lord sees fit, and many of his own people 
 live for a long time without them. The donation 
 and continuation of the Spirit to quicken, sanctify, 
 and unite us with Christ, are necessary, but his joys 
 and comforts are not so. <A child of light. may 
 ‘* walk in darkness,” Isa. ]. 10, he lives by faith, 
 and not by feeling. 
 
 Third consideration. You complain, Providence 
 delays to perform to you the mercies you have pray- 
 ed and waited for; but have you right ends in your 
 desires after these mercies? ‘It may be that this is 
 the cause you ask and receive not, James iv. 3. 
 The want of a good aim is the reason why we 
 want good success in our prayers. It may be we 
 pray for prosperity, and our end is to please the 
 flesh: we look no higher than the pleasure and ac- 
 commodation of the flesh: we beg and wait for de- 
 liverance \from such a trouble and affliction, not 
 that we might be the more ready and prepared for 
 obedience, but freed of what is grievous to us, and 
 destroys our pleasure in the world. Certainly, if 
 it be so, you have more need to judge and condemn 
 yourselves, than to censure and suspect the care of 
 God. 
 
 Fourth consideration. You wait for good, and 
 it comes not; but is your will brought to a due 
 submission to the will of God about it? Certainly 
 God will have you come to this before you enjoy 
 your desires. Enjoyment of your desires is the 
 thing that will please you; but resignation of your 
 wills is that which is pleasing to God. If your 
 hearts cannot come to this, mercies cannot come 
 to you. David was made to wait long for the 
 mercies promised him, yea, and to be content with- 
 out it, before he enjoyed it; he was brought to be 
 
 9 
 
918 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 «6 as a weaned ehild,’’ Psal. cxxxi. 2, and so must: 
 ou. : 
 
 Fifth consideration. Your betters have waited 
 long upon God for merey, and why should not you ?, 
 David waited till his ‘eyes failed,”’ Psal. Ixix. 3. 
 ‘The church ‘ waited for him in the way of his 
 judgments,” Isa. xxvi. 8. Are you better than all 
 the saints that are gone before you? Is God more 
 obliged to you than to all his people? They have 
 quietly waited, and why should not you? 
 
 Sixth consideration. Will you Jose any thing 
 by patiently waiting upon God for mercies? Cer- 
 tainly not at all; yea, it will turn to a double ad- 
 vantage to you to continue in a quiet, submissive, 
 waiting posture upon God: for though you do not 
 yet enjoy the good you wait for, yet all this while 
 you are exereising your grace; and it is more ex- 
 eellent to act grace, than to enjoy comfort. All 
 this while the Lord is training you up in the ex-. 
 ercise of faith and patience, and bending your wills 
 in submission to himself; and what do you lose by 
 that? Yea, whenever the desired mercy comes, it 
 will be so much the sweeter to you;.for how 
 much faith and prayer have been employed to pro- 
 duce it, how many wrestlings you have had with 
 God for it; so many more degrees of sweetness you 
 will find in it, when it comes. O, therefore, faint 
 not, however long God delay you. 
 
 Seventh consideration. Are not those mercies 
 you expect from God worth the waiting for? If 
 not, it is your folly to be troubled for the want of 
 them: if they be, why do not you continue wait- 
 ing? Is it not all that God expects from you for 
 the mercies he bestows upon you, that you wait 
 upon him for them? You know you have not de- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 919 
 
 served the least of them at his hands. You ex- 
 pect them not as a recompense, but a free favour 5 
 and if so, then certainly the least you ean do is to . 
 wait upon his pleasure for them. 
 
 Eighth consideration. Consider how many pro- 
 mises are made in the word to waiting souls. One 
 Scripture calls them * blessed that wait for him,” 
 Isa. xxx. 18. Another tells us, ‘none that wait 
 for him shall be ashamed,” Psal. xxv. 3, that is, 
 they shall not be finally disappointed, but at, last 
 be partakers of their hopes. A. third Seripture 
 tells us, ‘they that wait upon the Lord: shall re- 
 new their strength,” Isa. xl..31, a promise you had 
 need make much use of in such a fainting time; 
 with many more of like nature: and shall we faint 
 at this rate, in the midst of so many cordials as are 
 prepared to revive us in these promises ? 
 
 Ninth consideration. How long hath God 
 waited upon you for the time when you will com- 
 ply with his commands, and come up to your en- 
 gagements) and promises ? You have made God 
 wait long for your reformation and obedience, and 
 therefore have no reason to think itmuch if God 
 make you wait long for your consolation. We. 
 have our how longs, and hath not God his? We 
 ery, ‘* But thou, O Lord, how long?” Psal. vi. 3. 
 ‘‘How long wilt thou forget me, O Lord? for 
 ever? How ‘ong? wilt thou hide thy face from 
 me? How long shall I take counsel in my soul, 
 having sorrow in my heart daily ?. How long 
 shall mine enemy be exalted over me?” Psal. 
 iit de: De But, surely, we should not think 
 these things long, when we. consider how long 
 the Lord hath exercised his patience about us. 
 We have made him say, How long, how long? 
 Our unbelief hath made him ery,. ‘* How long will 
 
220 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 it be ere they believe me?’ Numb. xiv. 11. Our 
 corrupt hearts have made him ery, ‘* How long 
 shall vain thoughts lodge within thee?” Jer. iv. 14. 
 Our impure natures and ways have made him cry, 
 ‘‘How long will it be ere they attain to inno- 
 cency ?” Hosea viii, 5. If God wait upon you 
 with so much patience for your duties, well may 
 you wait upon him for his mercies. 
 
 Lenth consideration. This impatience and un- 
 belief of yours, expressed in your weariness to wait 
 any longer, as it is a great evil in itself, so, very 
 probably, it is that evil which obstructs the way of 
 your expected mercies: you might have your 
 mercies sooner, if your spirits were quiet and more 
 submissive, And thus of the second case. 
 
 Lhe third case. Wow may a Christian discern 
 when a providence is sanctified, and comes from 
 the love of God to him? 
 
 There are two sorts or kinds of providences con- 
 cerning men in this world, the issues and events of 
 which are vastly different, yea, contrary to each 
 other. To some, all providences are overruled and 
 ordered for good, according to that blessed promise, 
 ‘And we know that all things work together for 
 good to them that love God, to them who are the 
 called according to his purpose,’ Rom. viii. 28, 
 not only things that are good in themselves, as 
 ordinances, graces, duties, and mercies; but things 
 that are evil in. themselves, as temptations, afflic- 
 tions, and even their sins and corruptions, shall 
 turn, in the issue, to their advantage and benefit. 
 For though sin be so intrinsically and formally 
 evil in its own nature, that, in itself, it be not ca- 
 pable of sanctification, yet, out of this worst of 
 evils, God can work good to his people; and 
 though he never makes sin the instrument of good, 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 221 
 
 ow 
 
 yet his providence may make it the occasion of 
 good to his people, so that spiritual benefits may, 
 by the wise overruling of Providence, be occasion- 
 ed to the people of God by it. And so for afflic- 
 tions of all kinds, the greatest and sorest of them, 
 they do work, by the influence of Providence, a 
 great deal of good to the saints, and that not only 
 as the occasions, but as the instruments and means 
 of it. ‘By this shall the iniquity of Jacob be 
 purged,” Isa. xxvii. 9, that is, by the instrumen- 
 tality of this sanctified affliction. 
 
 To other persons nothing is sanctified, either as 
 an instrument or occasion of any spiritual good; 
 but as the worst things are ordered to the benefit 
 of the saints, so the best things wicked men enjoy 
 do them no good. ‘Their prayers are turned into 
 sin, Psal. cix. 7; the ordinances are the savour of 
 death, 2 Cor. ii. 16; the grace of God turned into 
 wantonness, Jude, ver. 4; Christ himself a rock 
 of offence, 1 Pet. ii. 8: their table a snare; Psal. 
 Ixix. 225 their prosperity their ruin, Prov. i. 32. 
 As persons are, so things work for good or evil. 
 «To the pure all things are pure, but to them that 
 are defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure,”’ ‘Tit. i. 
 15. Seeing, therefore, the events of Providence 
 fall out so opposite to each other upon the godly 
 and ungodly, every thing furthering the eternal 
 good of the one, and the ruin of the other, it can- 
 not but be acknowledged a most important case, in 
 which every soul is deeply concerned, whether the 
 providences under which he is, be sanctified to him 
 or not? 
 
 For the clearing of which, I shall premise two 
 necessary considerations, and then subjoin the 
 rules which will be useful for the determination of | 
 the question. 
 
pbaldy DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 1. Let it be considered, that we cannot know 
 from the matter of the things before us, whether 
 they be sanctified or unsanctified to us; for so con- 
 sidered, ‘ All things come alike to all; and no man 
 knoweth either love or hatred by all the things that 
 are before him,”’ Eccles. ix. 1, 2.. We cannot un- 
 derstand the mind and heart of God by the things 
 he dispenseth with his hand. If prosperous. pro- 
 vidences befall us, we cannot say, Herein is a sure 
 sign that God loves me; for who hath more of 
 those providences than the people of his wrath? 
 «‘'They have more than their hearts can wish,”’ 
 Psal. Ixxiii. 7. Sure that must be a weak evidence 
 for heaven, which accompanies so great a part of 
 the world to hell. 
 
 By these things we may testify our love to God; 
 but, from ten thousand such enjoyments, we can- 
 not get any solid assurance of his love to us. 
 
 And from these adverse, afflictive providences, 
 we cannot know God’s hatred. If ‘afflictions, 
 great afflictions, many afflictions, long-continued 
 afflictions, should set a brand, or fix a character of 
 God’s hatred upon the persons on whom they fall, 
 where then shall we find God’s people in the 
 world?) We must then seek out the proud, vain, 
 sensual wantons of the world, who spend their 
 days in pleasure, and say, These are the men whom 
 God loves. 
 
 Outward things are promiscuously dispensed, 
 and no man’s spiritual estate is discernible by the 
 view of his temporal. When God draws the 
 sword, it may ‘* cut off the righteous as well as the 
 wicked,” Ezek. xxi. 3. 
 
 2, Though the providences of God materially 
 considered, afford no evidences of God’s love to us, 
 yet the manner in which they befall us, and the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 993 
 
 effects and fruits they produce in us, distinguish 
 them very manifestly, and by them we may dis- 
 eern, whether they be sanctified providences, and 
 fruits of the love of God, or not. But yet these 
 effects and fruits of providences, by which we dis- 
 cern their nature, do not always presently appear; 
 but time must be allowed for the soul’s exercise 
 under them. ‘* Now no affliction for the present 
 seemeth to be joyous, but grievous, nevertheless 
 afterward it yieldeth the peaceable fruits of right- 
 eousness unto them which are exercised thereby,” 
 Heb. xii. 11. 
 
 ‘The benefit of. a providence is discerned as that 
 of a medicine is; for the present it gripes, and 
 makes the stomach sick and loathing, but after- 
 wards we find the benefit of it in our recovery of 
 health and cheerfulness. Now, the providences 
 of God being some of them comfortable, and others 
 sad and grievous to nature, and the way to discern 
 the sanctification and blessing of them being by the 
 manner in which they come, and their operations 
 upon our spirits, I shall consider the case as it 
 respects both sorts of providences, and show you 
 what effects of our troubles or comforts will speak 
 them to be sanctified and blessed to us. 
 
 And, first, for sad and afflictive providences, in 
 what kind or degree soever they befall us, we may 
 warrantably conclude they are blessings to us, and 
 eome from the love of God, when, 
 
 (1.) They come in a proper season, when we 
 have need of them, either to prevent some sin we 
 are falling into, or recover us out of a remiss, su- 
 pine, and careless frame of spirit, into which we 
 are fallen. ‘‘If need be, ye are in heaviness,” 
 1 Pet. i. 6. Certainly it is a good sign, that God 
 designs your good by those troubles which are so 
 
994. DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 fitted and wisely ordered to suit the opportunity. 
 If you see the husbandman lopping a tree in the 
 proper season, it argues he aims at the fruitfulness 
 and flourishing of it; but, to do the same thing at 
 midsummer speaks no regard to it, yea, his design 
 to destroy it. 
 
 (2.) When they are fitted both for quality and 
 degree, to work properly upon our predominant 
 corruptions, then they look like sanctified strokes. 
 ‘The wisdom of God is much seen in the choice of 
 his rods. It is not any kind of trouble that will 
 work upon, and purge every sin; but, when God 
 sends such afflictions as, like medicine, are appro- 
 priated to the disease the soul Jabours under, this 
 speaks divine care and love. Thus, we may ob- 
 serve, it is usual with God to smite us in those 
 very comforts which stole away too much of the 
 love and delight of our souls from God; to cross 
 us in those things from which we raised up too 
 great expectations of comfort. These providences 
 speak the jealousy of God over us, and his care to 
 prevent far worse evils by these sad but needful 
 strokes. And so for the degrees of our troubles, 
 sanctified strokes, are ordinarily fitted by the wis- 
 dom of God to the strength and ability of grace 
 within us. ‘In measure when it shooteth forth, 
 thou wilt debate with it; he stayeth his rough 
 wind in the day-of the east wind,” Isa. xxvii. 8. 
 It is an allusion toa physician, who exactly weighs 
 and measures all the ingredients which he mingles 
 in a portion for his sick patient, that it may be 
 proportionate to his strength, and no more; andso 
 much the next words intimate: ‘ By this, there- 
 fore, shall the iniquity of Jacob be purged.” 
 
 (3.) It is a good sign our troubles are sanctified 
 tous when they turn our hearts against sin, and 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 295 
 
 not.against God. There are few great afflictions 
 which befall men that do not make them quarrel- 
 some and discontented. Wicked men quarrel with 
 God, and are filled with discontent against him. 
 So the Scripture describes them: “they were 
 scorched with great heat, and blasphemed the name 
 of God which hath power over these plagues,” 
 Rev. xvi. 9..- But godly men, to whom afflictions 
 are sanctified, justify God, and fall out with sin, 
 they condemn themselves, and give glory to God. 
 ‘*O Lord, righteousness belongeth unto thee, but 
 unto.us confusion of faces,” ” See, Dan. ix. 7. 
 ‘‘ Wherefore doth a living man complain, a man 
 for the punishment of his sins?’’ Lam. iii. 39. 
 Happy afflictions, which make the soul fall. out 
 and quarrel only with sin. 
 
 (4.) It is a sure sign afflicting Brbvidenoss are 
 sanctified when they purge the heart from sin, and 
 leave both heart and life more pure, heavenly, 
 mortified, and humble than they found them. 
 Sanctified afflictions are cleansers, they pull down 
 the pride, refine the earthliness, and purge out the 
 vanity of the spirit. So you read, Dan. xi. 35, it 
 purifies and makes their souls white. Hence it is 
 compared to a furnace, which separates the dross 
 from the pure. metal. ‘‘ Behold Ihave refined 
 thee, but not with silver; I have chosen thee in 
 the furnace of affliction,’”’ Isa. xlviii. 10. | But, for 
 wicked men, let them be ever so long in the fur- 
 nace, they lose’no dross, Ezek. xxiv. 6. How 
 many Christians can bear witness to this truth! 
 After some sharp affliction hath been upon them, 
 how is the earthliness of their hearts purged. 
 They see no beauty, taste no more relish in the 
 world,-than in the white of an egg. Oh, how se- 
 rious, humble, and heavenly are they, till the 1m- 
 
226 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 pressions made upon them by afilictions be worn 
 off, and their deceitful lusts have again entangled 
 them! And this is the reason why we are so often 
 under the discipline of the rod. Let a Christian, 
 saith a late writer, be but two or three years with- 
 out an affliction, and he is hardly good for any 
 thing; he cannot pray nor meditate, nor discourse 
 as he was wont to do; but, when a new afiliction 
 comes, then he can find his tongue, and comes to 
 his knees again, and lives at another rate. 
 
 (5.) It is a good sign afilictive providences are 
 sanctified to us, when we draw near to God under 
 them, and ‘turn to him that smites us.” A 
 wicked man under affliction ‘‘ revolts more and 
 more,”’ Isa. i. 5, “‘turns not to him that smites 
 him,”’ Isa. ix. 13, but grows worse than before: 
 formality is turned into stupidity and indolence. 
 
 But if God afilict his own people with a sane- 
 tified rod, it awakens them to a more earnest seek- 
 ing of God; it makes them pray more frequently, 
 spiritually, and fervently, than ever. When Paul 
 was buffetted by Satan, he “ besought the Lord 
 thrice,’’ 2 Cor. xii. 8. 5 
 
 (6.) We may conclude our afflictions to be sanc- 
 tified, and to come from the love of God to us, 
 when they do not alienate our hearts from God, 
 but inflame our love to him. ‘This is a sure rule, 
 whatever ends in the increase of our love to God, 
 proceeds from the love of God to us. A wicked 
 man finds his heart rising against God when he 
 smites him, but a gracious heart cleaves the closer 
 to him ; he can love as well as justify an afflicting 
 God. ‘<All this is come upon us; yet have we 
 not forgotten thee, neither have we dealt falsely in 
 thy covenant; our heart is not turned back, neither 
 have our steps declined from thy way; theugh | 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. SF. 
 
 thou hast sore broken us in the place of dragons, 
 and covered us with the shadow of death,’’ Psal. 
 
 xliv. 17—19. Here you have a true account of 
 the temper and frame of a gracious soul under the 
 greatest afflictions. ‘To be ‘* broken ‘in the place 
 of dragons, and covered with the shadow of death,” 
 imports the most ‘dismal state of affliction; yet 
 even then a gracious heart turns not back, that is, 
 doth not for all this abate one drachm of love to 
 God: God is as good and dear to himin aiilictions 
 as ever. 
 
 (7.) We may call our afflictions sanctified when 
 divine teachings accompany them to our souls. 
 «Blessed is the man whom thou chastenest, O 
 Lord, and teachest him out of thy law,”’ Psal. xciv. 
 12. Sanctified afflictions are eye-salves; they 
 teach us sensibly and effectually, when the Spirit 
 accompanies them, the evil of sin, the vanity of 
 the creature, the necessity of securing things that 
 eannot be shaken. Never doth a Christian take a 
 truer measure both of his corruptions and graees 
 than under the rod. Now a man-sees that filthi- 
 ness which hath been long contracted in prosperity, 
 what interest the creature hath in the heart, how 
 little faith, patience, resignation and self-denial we 
 ean find, when God calls us to the exercise of 
 them. O itis a blessed sign that trouble is sane- 
 tified, which makes a man thus turn in upon his 
 own heart. search it, and humble himself before 
 the Lord for the evils of it! | 
 
 If the next place, let us take into consideration 
 those other providences which are comfortable and 
 pleasant. Sometimes they smile upon_us in suc- 
 cesses, prosperity, and the gratification of the de- 
 sires of our hearts. Here the question will be, 
 how the sanctification of these providences may be 
 
228 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 discovered to us? For resolution to this matter, I 
 shall, for clearness’ sake, lay down two sorts of 
 rules: one negative, the other positive. 
 
 First, negative. 1. itis a sign that comfort is 
 not sanctified tous which comes not, ordinarily, in 
 the way of prayer. © ‘* The wicked boasteth of his 
 heart’s desire, and blesseth thé covetous, whom 
 the Lord abhorreth. ‘The wicked, through the 
 pride of his countenance, will not seek after God: 
 God is not in all his thoughts,” Psal. x. 3, 4. 
 Here you see’ Providence may give men their 
 hearts’ desire, and'yet they never once open their 
 desires to God in prayer about it. But then those 
 gifts of providence are only such as are bestowed 
 on the worst of men, and are not the fruits of love. 
 
 2. Whatever success, prosperity, or comfort, 
 men acquire by sinful mediums and indirect cour- 
 ses, are not sanctified mercies to them. ‘This is 
 not the method in which those mercies are. be- 
 stowed, ‘* Better is a little with righteousness, 
 than great revenues without right,” Prov. xvi. 8. 
 Better upon this account that it comes in God’s 
 way, and with his blessing, which never follows 
 the way of sins God hath cursed the ways of sin, 
 and no blessing can follow them. 
 
 3. Whatever prosperity or success makes men 
 forget God, and cast: off the care of duty, is not 
 sanctified to them. It is unsanctified prosperity 
 which lulls men asleep into a deep oblivion of 
 God. ‘He made him ride on the high places of 
 the earth, that he might eat the increase of ‘the 
 fields;' and he made him to suck honey out of the 
 rock, and oil out of the flinty rock, butter of kine, 
 and milk of sheep, fat of lambs, aiid rams of the 
 breed of Bashan, and goats, with the fat of kidneys 
 of wheat, and thou didst drink the pure blood of the 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 9299 
 
 grape; but Jeshurun waxed fat and kicked; thou 
 art waxen fat, thou art grown thick, thou art co- 
 vered with fatness: then he forsook God which 
 made him, and lightly esteemed the rock of his sal- 
 vation. Of the rock that begat thee, thou art un- 
 mindful, and hast forgotten God that formed thee,” 
 Deut. xxxii, 13—18. The rich are rarely grate- 
 ful. 
 
 4, When prosperity is abused to sensuality, and 
 merely serves as fuel to maintain fleshly lusts, it is 
 not sanctified. **'[hey send forth their little ones 
 like a flock, and their children dance. They take 
 the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at the sound of 
 the organ. ‘They spend their days in wealth, and 
 in a moment go down to the grave,’ Job xxi. 
 1J—13. ; 
 
 5. It is a sign that prosperity is not sanctified to 
 men, when it swells. the heart with pride and self- 
 conceit, like Nebuchadnezzar. - ** At. the end of 
 twelve months he walked in the palace of the king- 
 dom of Babylon. The king spake and said, Is not 
 this great Babylon that I have built for the house 
 of the kingdom, by the might of my power, and for 
 the honour of my majesty ?”? Dan. iv. 29, 30. 
 
 6. That success is not sanctified to men. which 
 takes them off their duty, and makes them wholly 
 negligent, or very much indisposed to it. ** O gene- 
 ration, see ye the word of the Lord. Have I been 
 a wilderness unto Israel? A land of darkness? 
 Wherefore say my people, We are lords, we will 
 come no more unto thee?”’ Jer. ii. 81. 
 
 7. Nor can we think that prosperity sanctified 
 which wholly swallows up the souls of men in 
 their own enjoyments, and makes them regardless 
 of public miseries or sins. ** They lie upon beds 
 of ivory, and stretch themselves upon their couches, 
 
230 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 and eat the lambs out of the flock, and the calves 
 out of the midst of the stall. They chant to the 
 sound of the viols, and invent to themselves instru- 
 ments of music like David. They drink wine in 
 bowls, and anoint themselves with the chief oint- 
 ments ; but they are not grieved for the affliction of 
 Joseph,” Amos vi. 4—6. 
 
 Second, positively. 1. ‘Those mercies and com- 
 forts are undoubtedly sanctified to men, which 
 humble their souls kindly before God, in the sense 
 of their own vileness and unworthiness of them. 
 Thus Jacob said, ‘1 am not worthy of the least of 
 all thy mercies,’’ d&&c., Gen. xxxii. 10. 
 
 2. Sanctified mercies are commonly turned into 
 cautions against sin, Ezra ix. 13, they are.so many 
 bands of restraint upon the soul that hath them to 
 make them shun sin. 
 
 3. ‘They will engage a man’s heart in love to the 
 God of his mercies; see Psal. xviii. 1, compared 
 with the title. | 
 
 _ 4..'They never satisfy a man as his portion, nor 
 will the soul accept all the prosperity in the world, 
 upon that score: like Moses, ‘‘esteeming the re- 
 proach of Christ greater riches than the treasures 
 in Egypt: for he had respect unto the recompense 
 of the reward,” Heb. xi. 26. 
 
 5. Nor do they make men regardless of -public 
 sins or miseries; see Neh. ii. 1—3, compared with 
 Acts vil. 23. 
 
 6. Itis a sure sign that mercies are sanctified 
 when they make the soul more ready and enlarged 
 for God in duty. ‘Therefore the Lord establish- 
 ed the kingdom in his hand, and all Judah brought 
 to Jehoshaphat presents, and he had riches and 
 honour in abundance, and his heart was lifted up 
 in the ways of the Lord,’ &c., 2 Chron. xvii. 5, 6. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 931 
 
 7. That which is obtained by prayer, and re- 
 turned to God again in due praise, carries its own 
 testimonials with it, that it came from the love of 
 God, and is a sanctified merey. to the soul. And 
 so much for this third case. 
 
 Fourth case. How may we attain unto an even- 
 ness and steadiness of spirit, under the changes 
 and contrary aspects of Providence upon us? 
 
 Three things are supposed in this case. 
 
 1. That Providence hath various and contrary 
 aspects upon the people of God, , 
 
 2. That it is a common thing with them to expe- 
 rience great disorders of spirit, under those 
 changes of Providence. 
 
 3. That these disorders may. be, at least ina great 
 measure, prevented by the due use and applica- 
 tion of those rules and helps that God hath given 
 us in such cases. 
 
 1. That Providence hath various, yea, contrary 
 aspects upon the people of God, is a case so plain, 
 that it needs no, more than the mentioning to let it 
 in to all our understandings. Which of all the 
 people of God have not felt this truth? Providence 
 rings the changes all the world over: ‘“ He in- 
 creaseth the nations, and destroyeth them; he en- 
 largeth the nations, and straiteneth them again,” 
 Job xii. 23. The same it doth with persons: 
 ‘‘Thou hast lifted me up, and cast me down,” 
 Psal. cil. 10. See what asad alteration Providence 
 made upon the church: ‘* How doth the city sit 
 solitary that was full of people! How is she be- 
 come as a widow! She that was great among the 
 nations, and princess among the provinces, how 
 is she become tributary! Is it nothing to you, all 
 ye that pass by? Behold and see if there be any 
 sorrow like unto my sorrow, which is done unto 
 
239 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 me, wherewith the Lord hath afflicted me in the 
 day of his fierceanger,” Lam. i. 1. 12. And how 
 great an instance was Job of this truth! See Job 
 ‘Xxix, compared with chap. xxx. How many 
 thousands have complained with Naomi, whose 
 condition hath been so strongly altered that others 
 have said, as the people of Bethlehem did of her, 
 ‘¢Ts this Naomi,’’ Ruth i. 19—21. 
 
 2. These vicissitudes of Providence commonly 
 cause great disorders of spirit in the best men. As 
 intense heat and cold try the strength and sound- 
 ness of the constitution of our bodies, so the altera- 
 tions made by Providence upon our conditions try 
 the strength of our graces, and too often discover 
 the weakness and corruption of holy men. Heze- 
 kiah was a good man; but yet his weakness and 
 corruption was discovered by the alterations Pro- 
 vidence made upon his condition. When sick- 
 ness and pains summoned him to the grave, what 
 bitter complaints and despondencies are recorded ! 
 See Isa. xxxvili. And when Providence lifted him 
 up again into a prosperous condition, what osten- 
 tation and vain-glory did he discover! Isa. xxxix. 
 2. David had more than a common stock of in- 
 herent grace, yet not enough to keep him in an 
 equal temper of spirit under great alterations. In 
 my prosperity, I said, I shall never be. moved; 
 thou didst hide thy face, and I was troubled, Psal. 
 xxx. 6,7. It is not every man that can say with 
 Paul, ‘‘ 1 know both how to be abased, and I know 
 how to abound; every where, and in all things L 
 am instructed both to be full and to be hungry, both 
 to abound and to suffer need,’’? Phil. iv. 12. He is 
 truly rich in grace, whose riches or poverty neither 
 hinders the acting nor impoverishes the stock of his 
 graces. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 933 
 
 Though the best men be subject to such disor- 
 ders of heart under the changes of Providence, yet 
 these disorders may, in a great measure, be pre- 
 vented by the due application of such rules and 
 helps as God hath given us in sueh cases. 
 
 Now these helps are suited to a threefold aspect 
 of providence upon us, namely, 1. Comfortable— 
 2. Calamitous—-3. Doubtful; to all which I shall 
 speak particularly and briefly. 
 
 — Question 1. How may we attain to an even- 
 ness and steadiness of heart under the comfortable 
 aspects of Providence upon us? 
 
 ‘Under providences of this kind, the great dan- 
 ger is, lest the heart be lifted up with pride and 
 vanity, and fall into a drowsy and remiss temper. 
 T'o prevent this, we had need to urge humbling 
 and awakening considerations upon our heart; 
 such are these that follow. 
 
 (1.) ‘These gifts of Providence are common to 
 the worst of men, and are no special distinguish- 
 ing fruits of God’s love. The vilest of men have 
 been filled even to satiety with these things. 
 ‘‘'Their eyes stand out with fatness; they have 
 more than-heart could wish,’”’ Psal. xxii. 7. 
 
 (2.) Think how unstable and changeable all 
 these things are. What you glory in to-day may 
 be none of yours to-morrow. ‘* Riches make them- 
 selves wings, and flee away as an eagle towards 
 heaven,”’ Prov. xxiii. 5. As the wings of a fowl 
 grow out of the substance of the body, so the 
 cause of the creature’s transitoriness is in itself; 
 it Is subjected to vanity, and that vanity, like 
 wings, carries it away; they are but fading flowers, 
 - James i. 10. 
 
 (3.) The change of providences are never nearer 
 
‘ 
 ; 4 
 Sethe 
 
 Jt 
 
 7 
 
 ty? 
 
 934. DIVINE CONDUCT ; OR, 
 
 to the people of God, than when their hearts are 
 lifted up or grown secure by prosperity. Doth 
 Hezekiah glory in his treasures? The next news 
 he hears is of an impoverishing providence at hand, 
 Isa, xxxix. 2—7. Others may be left to perish in 
 unsanctified prosperity, but you shall not. 
 
 (4.) This is a great discovery. of the carnality 
 and corruption that is in thy heart: it argues a 
 heart little set on God, little mortified to the world, 
 little acquainted with the vanity and ensnaring na- 
 ture of these things. O, you know not what hearts 
 you have till such providences try them; and is 
 not such a discovery matter of deep humiliation? 
 
 (5.) Was it. not better with you in a low con- 
 dition than it is now? Reflect, and compare state 
 with state, and time with time. How is the frame 
 of your hearts altered with the alteration of your 
 condition! So God complains of Israel: ‘J did 
 know thee in the wilderness—the land of drought. 
 According to their pasture, so were they filled; 
 they were filled, and their heart was exalted, there- 
 fore have they forgotten me,”’ saith the Lord, Hos. 
 xu. 5, 6: as if he had said, You and I were bet- 
 ter acquainted formerly, when you were in a low 
 condition; prosperity hath estranged you, and al- 
 tered the ease. How sad is it, that God’s mercies 
 should be the occasion of our estrangement from 
 him! | 
 
 Question 2. Upon the other side, it is worth 
 considering, how our hearts may be established 
 and kept steady under calamitous and adverse pro- 
 vidences. | 
 
 flere we are in equal danger of the other ex- 
 treme—despondency and sinking under the frowns 
 and strokes of cross providences. Now to sup- 
 
Pra? Sty, 
 aa a 
 
 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 935 
 
 port and establish the heart in this case take three 
 helps. : 
 
 (1.) Consider, that afflictive providences are of 
 great use to the people of God; they cannot live 
 without them. The. earth doth not more need 
 chastening frosts and mellowing snows, than our 
 hearts do nipping providences. Let the best 
 Christian be but for a few years without them, 
 and he will be sensible of the want of them; he 
 will find a sad remission and declining of all his 
 graces. 
 
 (2.) No stroke or calamity upon the people of 
 God can separate them from Christ: ‘¢ Who shall 
 separate us from the love of Christ? shall tribula- 
 tion?” Rom. viii. 25. There was a time when 
 Job could call nothing in this world but trouble his 
 own: he could not say, my estate, my honour, 
 my health, my children; for all these were gone; 
 yet then he could say, ‘‘ my Redeemer,’’ Job xix. 
 25. Well, then, there is no cause to sink whilst 
 interest in Christ remains sure to us. 
 
 (3.) All your calamities will have an end short- 
 ly. ‘The longest day of the saints’ troubles has an 
 end, and then no more troubles for ever. The 
 troubles of the wicked will be to eternity; but you 
 shall «* suffer but awhile,’ 1 Pet. v.18. Ifa thou- 
 sand troubles be appointed for you, they will come 
 to one at last, and after that no more: yea, and 
 though our troubles ‘‘ be but a moment, yet they 
 work for us a far more exceeding and eternal 
 weight of glory,’’ 2 Cor. iv. 1. Let that support 
 your hearts under all your sufferings. 
 
 Question 3. Let us consider what may be use- 
 ful to support and quiet our hearts under doubtful 
 providences, when our dear concerns hang in a 
 doubtful suspense before us, and we know not 
 
236 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 which way the providence of God will cast and 
 determine them. 
 
 Now the best hearts are apt to. grow solicitous 
 and pensive, distracted with thoughtfulness, about 
 the event and issue. ‘To relieve and settle us in 
 this case, the following considerations are very 
 useful. 
 
 ‘(1.) Let us consider the vanity and inutility of 
 such ‘a solcitude: ‘* Which of you,” saith our 
 Lord, “by taking thought can add one cubit unto 
 his stature?’ Matt. vi. 27. We may’ break our 
 peace, and waste our spirits, but not alter the case. 
 We cannot turn God out of his way: ** He is in 
 one mind,” Job xxiii. 18... We may, by strug- 
 gling against’ God, increase, but not avoid, or 
 lighten our troubles. 
 
 (2.) How often do we afflict and torment our- 
 selves by our own unquiet thoughts, when there 
 is no real cause or ground for so doing! ** Thou 
 hast feared continually every day, because of the 
 fury of the oppressor, as if he were ready to des- 
 troy; and where is the fury of the oppressor?” 
 Isa. li. 13. Oh what abundance of disquiet and 
 trouble might we prevent, by waiting- quietly till 
 we see the issues of providence, and not bringing, 
 as we do, the evils of the morrow upon the day! 
 
 (3.) What a great ground of quietness is it, that 
 the whole disposal and management of all our af- 
 fairs and concerns is in the hand of our own God 
 and Father! No creature can touch us without 
 his commission or permission. ‘*{! know,’’ saith 
 Christ, ‘‘ thou couldst have no power against me, 
 except it were given thee from above,’ John xix. 
 11. Neither men nor devils can act any thing 
 without God’s leave; and be sure he will sign no 
 order to your prejudice. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. O37 
 
 to 
 
 (4.) What a great satisfaction must it be to all 
 that believe the Divine authority of the Scriptures, 
 that the faithfulness of God stands engaged for 
 every line and syllable found therein! And how 
 many blessed lines in the Bible may we mark that 
 respect even our outward concerns, and the happy 
 issue of them all? Upon these two grounds: ‘That 
 our outward concerns, with their steady direction 
 to a blessed end, is found in the word; and this 
 word being of Divine authority, the faithfulness 
 and honour of God stands good for every tittle that 
 is found there. I say, these are grounds of such 
 stability, that our minds may repose with the 
 greatest security and confidence upon them, even 
 in the cloudiest day of trouble. Not only your 
 eternal salvation, but your temporal interests are 
 there secured. Be quieted, therefore, in the con- 
 fidence of a blessed issue. 
 
 (5.) Hlow great and sure an expedient have the 
 saints ever found it to their own peace, to commit 
 all doubtful issues of providence to the Lord, and 
 devolve all their cares upon him! ‘* Commit thy 
 works unto the Lord, and thy thoughts shall be 
 established,’’ Prov. xvi. 3. By works he means 
 any doubtful, intricate, perplexing business, about 
 which our thoughts are racked and tortured. | Roll 
 all these upon the Lord by faith, leave them with 
 him, and the present, immediate benefit you shall 
 have by it (besides the comfort in the last issue) 
 shall be tranquillity and peace in your thoughts. 
 And who is there of any standing or experience in 
 religion that hath not found it so? 
 
 Fifth case. How may a Christian work his 
 heart into a resigned frame unto the will of God, 
 when sad providences approach him, and presage 
 
238 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 great troubles and afflictions coming on towards 
 him ? 
 
 For the right stating and resolving of this impor- 
 tant case 1t will be needful to show, 1. What is not 
 included and intended in the question; 2. What it 
 doth suppose and include in it; and, 3. What helps 
 and directions are necessary for the due perform- 
 ance of this great and difficult duty. 
 
 1. Negatively. It must be premised, that the 
 question doth not suppose the heart or will of a 
 Christian to be at his own command and disposal 
 in this matter ;~we cannot resign it and subject it 
 to the will of God whenever we: desire so to do; 
 the duty indeed is ours, but the power by which 
 alone we perform it is God’s: we act as we are 
 actuated by the Spirit. It is with our hearts, as 
 with meteors hanging in the air by the influence of 
 the sun; while that continues, they abide above; 
 but when it fails they fall to the earth. We can 
 do this, and all things else, be they ever so diffi- 
 cult, ‘through Christ that strengthens us,’’ Phil. 
 iv. 13; ‘* but. without him we can do nothing,” 
 John xv. 5. He doth not say, Without me ye can 
 do but little; or, Without me ye can do nothing, 
 but with great difficulty; or, Without me ye can do 
 nothing perfectly ; but, Without:me ye can do no- 
 thing at all. And every Christian hath a witness 
 in his own breast to attest this truth; for there are 
 cases frequently occurring in the methods of Pro- 
 vidence, in which, notwithstanding all their prayers 
 and desires, all their reasoning and strivings, they 
 cannot quiet their hearts fully in the disposal and 
 will of God; but, on the contrary, they find all 
 their endeavours in this matter to be but as the 
 rolling of a returning stone against the hill ; till God 
 
 ~ 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 939 
 
 say to the heart, Be still; and to the will, Give up, 
 nothing can be done. 
 
 (2.) Affirmatively. Let us consider what this 
 case doth suppose and include in it, and we shall 
 find, 
 
 [1.] That it supposes the people of God to have 
 a foresight of troubles and distresses approaching 
 and drawing near to them. I confess it is not 
 always so, for many of our afflictions, as weil as 
 comforts, come by way of surprises upon us; but 
 oftentimes we have forewarnings of troubles both 
 public and personal, before we feel them: as the 
 weather may be discerned by the face of the sky; 
 when we see a morning sky red and lowering, this 
 is a natural sign of a foul and rainy day, Matt. 
 xvi. 8. And there are as certain signs of the times 
 whereby we may discern when trouble is near, 
 even at the door; and these forewarnings are given 
 by the Lord to awaken us to our duties, by which 
 they may either be prevented, Zeph. 11. 1, 2, or 
 sanctified and sweetened to us when they come. 
 These signs and notices of approaching troubles 
 are gathered, partly from the observation and colla- 
 tion of parallel Scripture cases and examples, God 
 generally holding one tenor and steady course in 
 the administration of his providences in all ages, 
 1 Cor. x. 6, partly from the reflections Christians 
 make upon the frames and tempers of their own 
 hearts, which greatly need awakening, humbling, 
 and purging providences ; for let a Christian be but 
 afew years or months without a rod, and how 
 formal, earthly, dead, and vain will his heart grow ! 
 And such a temper presages affliction to them that 
 are beloved of the Lord. Lastly, The ordering 
 and disposing of the next causes into a posture and 
 
 / 
 
240 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 preparation for our trouble, plainly premonishes 
 us, that trouble is at the door. ‘Thus, when the 
 symptoms of sickness begin to appear upon our 
 own bodies, the wife of our bosom, or our children, 
 (which are as our own souls,) Providence herein 
 awakens our expectations of death and doleful sepa- 
 rations: so when enemies combine together, and 
 plot the ruin of our liberties, estates, or lives, and 
 God seems to loose the bridle of restraint upon 
 their necks, now we cannot but be alarmed with 
 the near approach of troubles, especially when, at 
 the same time, our consciences reflect upon the 
 abuse and non-improvement of these our threatened 
 comforts. 7 
 
 [2.] The case before us supposes that these pre- 
 monitions and forerunners of affliction do usually 
 very much disturb the order,-and break the peace 
 of our souls; they put the mind under great dis- 
 composure, the thoughts under much distraction, 
 and the affections into tumults and rebellion. 
 
 Ah! how unwilling are we to surrender to the 
 Lord the loan which he lent us! to be disquieted 
 by troubles, when at ease in our enjoyments !: How 
 unwelcome are the messengers of affliction to. the 
 best of men! We are ready to say to them as the 
 widow to Elijah, ‘* What have I to do with thee, 
 O thou man (O messenger) of God? art thou come 
 unto me to call my sin to remembrance, and to slay 
 my son?” 1 Kings xvii. 18. And this ariseth 
 partly from the remains of corruption in the best 
 souls; for though every sanctified person is come 
 by his own consent into the. kingdom, and under 
 the government and sceptre of Christ, and every 
 thought of his heart must of right be subjected to 
 him, 2 Cor. x. 5, yet the conquest and power of 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE, 94] 
 
 grace is but incomplete, and in part; and natural 
 corruption, like Jeroboam with his vain men, riseth 
 up against it, and causeth many mutinies in the 
 soul, whilst grace, like young Abijah, is weak- 
 handed, and cannot resist them; and partly from 
 the advantage Satan makes of the season to irritate 
 and assist our corruptions: he knows that which 
 is already in motion is the more easily moved. 
 In this confusion and hurry of thoughts he undis- 
 cernedly shuffles in his temptations; sometimes 
 aggravating the evils which we fear with all the 
 sinking and overwhelming circumstances imagina- 
 ble ; sometimes divining and forecasting such events 
 and evils, as, haply, never fall out; sometimes 
 repining at the disposals of God, as more severe to 
 us than to others; and sometimes reflecting with 
 very unbelieving and unworthy thoughts upon the 
 promises of God, and his faithfulness in them; by 
 all which the affliction is made to sink deep into 
 the soul before it actually comes; the thoughts are 
 so disordered, that duty cannot be duly performed ; 
 and the soul is really weakened and disabled to 
 bear its trial when it comes indeed: just as if a 
 man should be kept waking and restless all the 
 night with the thoughts of his hard journey which 
 he must travel to-morrow ; and so when to-morrow 
 is come, he faints for want of rest, midway on his 
 journey. } 
 
 [3.] It is here supposed. to be the Christian’s 
 great duty, under the apprehensions of approach- 
 ing troubles, to resign his will to God’s, and quiet- 
 ly commit the events and issues of all to him, what- 
 ever they may prove. ‘Thus did David in the like 
 ease and circumstances: ‘* And the king said unto 
 Zadok, Carry back the ark of God into the city. 
 
 21 
 
242 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 If I shall find favour in the eyes of the Lord, he 
 will bring me back again, and show me both it 
 and his habitation: but if he thus say, I have no 
 delight in thee, behold here am J, let him do to 
 me as seemeth good unto him,” 2 Sam. xv, 25, 
 26. 
 
 Oh, lovely and truly Christian temper! As if 
 he had said, Go, Zadok, return with the ark to its 
 place, though I have not the symbol, yet I hope I 
 shall have the real presence of God with me in this 
 sad journey: how he will dispose the events of 
 this sad and doubtful providence, I know not; 
 either I shall return again to Jerusalem, or I shall 
 not: if I do, then T shall see it again, and enjoy 
 the Lord in his ordinances there: if I do not, then 
 I shall go to that place where there is no need or 
 use of those things; and either way it will be well 
 for me; I am content to refer all to the Divine 
 pleasure, and commit the issue, be it whatever it 
 will, to the Lord. ' ) 
 
 Till our hearts come to the like resolve, we can 
 have no peace within. ‘‘ Commit thy works unto 
 the Lord, and thy thoughts shall be established,” 
 Prov. xvi. 3. By works he means not only every 
 enterprise and business we undertake, but every 
 puzzling, intricate, and doubtful event we fear. 
 These being once committed by an act of faith, and 
 our wills resigned unto his, besides the comfort we 
 shall have in the issue, we shall have the present 
 advantage of a well composed and peaceful spirit. 
 
 But this resignation is the difficulty. No doubt 
 of peace, could we once bring our hearts to that. 
 And therefore, 7 
 
 [4.] I shall here subjoin such helps and direc- 
 
 tions, as may, through God’s blessing, in the faith- 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. IAS 
 
 ful use of them, assist and facilitate this eres and 
 difficult work. 
 
 First help. Labour to work into your hearts a 
 deep and fixed sense of the infinite wisdom of 
 God, and your own folly and ignorance. This 
 will make resignation easy to you; whatsoever 
 the Lord doth is by counsel, Eph. i. 11, his un- 
 derstanding is infinite, Psal. exlvii. 5, his thoughts 
 are very deep, Psal, xcii. 5, but, as for man, yea, 
 the wisest among men, how little doth his under- 
 standing penetrate the works and designs of Pro- 
 vidence! And how often are we forced to retract 
 our rash opinions, and confess our mistakes; ac- 
 knowledging, that if Providence had not seen with 
 better eyes than ours, and looked further than we 
 did, we had precipitated ourselves into a thousand 
 mischiefs, which, by. its wisdom and care, we 
 have escaped. It is well forus that the seven eyes 
 of Providence are ever awake, and looking out for 
 our good. Now, if one creature can and ought to 
 be ouided and governed by another that is more 
 wise and skilful than himself, as the client by his 
 learned counsel, ‘the patient by his skilful physi- 
 cian, much more should every creature give up his 
 weak reason, and shallow understanding, to the 
 infinite wisdom of the omniscient God. 
 
 It is nothing but our pride and arrogance, over- 
 ruling our understandings, that makes resignation 
 so hard. Carnal reason seems to itself a wise dis- 
 putant about the concerns of the flesh, but how 
 often hath Providence baffled it. The more humi- 
 lity, the more resignation. 
 
 How few of our mercies and comforts have been 
 foreseen by us! Our own projects have come to 
 nothing, and that which we never thought on, or 
 
244 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 contrived, hath taken place; not our choice of the 
 ground, or skill in weighing and delivering the 
 bowl, but some unforeseen providence, like a rub 
 in the green, was that which made the cast. 
 
 Second help. Deeply consider the sinfulness 
 and vanity of torturing your own thoughts about 
 the issues of doubtful providences, 
 
 1. There is much sin in so doing: for all our 
 anxious and solicitous emotions, what else are they 
 than the immediate issues and fruits of pride and 
 unbelief ? a 
 
 There is not a greater discovery of pride in the 
 world than in the contests of our wills with the 
 will of God. [t is a presumptuous invading of 
 God’s prerogative to dictate to his providence, and 
 prescribe to his wisdom. 
 
 2. There is a great deal of vanity in it: all the 
 thoughtfulness in the world will not make one hair 
 white or black; all our discontents will not prevail 
 with God to eall back, or (as the word may be 
 rendered,) make void his word, Isa. xxxi. 2. He 
 isin one mind, Job xxiii. 18. The thoughts of 
 his mind are from everlasting, Psal. xxxili. 11. 
 
 Third help. Set before you those choice Scrip- 
 ture patterns of submission to the Lord’s will, in 
 as deep, yea, much deeper points of self-denial 
 than this before you, and shame yourselves out of 
 this quarrelling temper with Providence. 
 
 You know what a close trial that providence 
 was to Abrahain, that called him from his native 
 country and father’s house, to go he knew not 
 whither; and yet it is said in Isaiah xli. 2, ** He 
 came to God’s foot,” as readily obeying his eall, 
 as a servant when his master knocks for him with 
 his foot. 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 945 
 
 Paul’s voyage to Jerusalem had a dismal aspect 
 upon himself; he could expect nothing but bonds 
 and afflictions as he tells us, Acts xx. 23. Anda 
 great trial it was to the saints, who could not tell 
 how to give up such a minister, yet he. resigns up 
 his will to God’s, and so do they, Acts xxi. 14, 
 ‘* The will of the Lord be done.’’ 
 
 But far beyond these, and all other patterns, 
 what an example hath our dear Lord Jesus set be- 
 fore us in the deepest point of self-denial that ever 
 was in the world, when the Father gave the cup of 
 suffering into his hand in the garden, Mark xiv. 
 36, a cup of wrath, the wrath of the great and ter- 
 rible God, and that without mixture ; the very taste 
 whereof put nature into an agony and astonish- 
 ment, a sore amazement, a bloody sweat, and 
 forced from him that vehement and sad ery, ‘ Fa- 
 ther, if it be possible, let this cup pass;’’ yet still, 
 with submission, ‘‘ nevertheless, not my will, but 
 thine be done.’’ Qh, blessed pattern of obedience 
 and resignation to the pleasure of God! What is 
 your case to this! 
 
 Fourth help. Study the singular benefits and 
 advantages of a will resigned to, and melted into 
 the will of God. 
 
 1. Such a spirit hath a continual sabbath within 
 itself: the thoughts are established, Prov. xvi. 3. 
 And truly, till a man come to this he doth but too 
 much resemble the devil, who is a restless spirit, 
 seeking rest but finding none. 
 
 It was an excellent expression of Luther, to one 
 that was much perplexed in his spirit about the 
 doubtful events :f some affairs of his that were 
 then pending: ‘I he Lord shall do all for thee, and 
 thou shalt do nothing, but be the Sabbath of Christ. 
 
246 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 It is by this means that the Lord gives his beloved 
 sleep, Psal. exxvii. 2. He means not the sleep of 
 the body, but of the spirit. ‘Though believers live 
 in the minds of many troubles here, yet with quiet 
 and composed minds they keep themselves in the 
 silence of faith, as though they were asleep. 
 
 2. Besides, it fits a man’s spirit for communion 
 with God in all his afflictions, and this alleviates 
 and sweetens them beyond any thing in the world. 
 
 3. And surely a man is never nearer the mercy 
 he desires, or the deliverance he expects, (as one 
 truly observes,) than when his soul is brought into 
 a submissive temper. David was never nearer the 
 kingdom than when he became as a weaned child. 
 
 Fifth help. Lastly, think how repugnant an un- 
 submissive temper is, both to your prayers and. 
 professions. You pray that the will of God may 
 be done on earth as it is in heaven, and yet, when 
 it seems to cross your wills or interests, you strug- 
 gle and fret against it. You profess to have com- 
 mitted your souls to his keeping, and to leave your 
 eternal concerns in his hands; and yet cannot 
 commit things, infinitely less valuable, unto him. 
 How contradictory are these things ! 
 
 Your profession, as Christians, speaks you to be 
 led by the Spirit; but this practice speaks you to 
 follow the perverse counsels of your own spirits. 
 O then regret no more, dispute no more, but lie 
 down meekly at your Father’s feet, and say, in all 
 eases, and at all times, the will of the Lord be 
 done. 
 
 And thus I have, through the aid of Providence, 
 performed what I designed to speak from this 
 Scripture. I acknowledge my performances have 
 been accompanied with much weakness, yet I have 
 
THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. — 9AT 
 
 endeavoured to speak of Providence the things that 
 are right. Blessed be the Lord, who hath thus far 
 assisted and protected me in this work. 
 
 How Providence will dispose of my life, liberty, 
 and labours, for the time to come, I know not; but 
 {cheerfully commit all to him who hath * per- 
 formed all things for me.” 
 
ro 
 
 “ 
 
 948 DIVINE CONDUCT; OR, 
 
 POSTSCRIPT. 
 
 In consideration of the great and manifold advan- 
 tages resulting from a humble and heedful obser- 
 vation of Providence, I cannot but judge it the con- 
 cernment of Christians, who have time and ability 
 for such a work, to keep written memorials or jour- 
 nals of providences by them, for their own and 
 others’ use and benefit. For want of collecting 
 and communicating such observations, not only 
 ourselves, but the church of God suffers loss and 
 is impoverished. 
 
 Some say the art of medicine was thus acquired 
 and perfected. When any one had met with some 
 rare medicinal herb, and accidentally discovered 
 the virtues of it, he would post it up in some pub- 
 lic place; and so the physician attained his skill 
 by a collection of those posted experiments and re- 
 ceipts. 
 
 I am not for posting up all that a Christian knows 
 or meets with in his experience; for, as I have 
 said before, religion doth not lay all open; but yet 
 there is a prudent, humble, and seasonable com- 
 munication of our experiences and observations. of 
 Providence, which is exceedingly beneficial both 
 to ourselves and our brethren. 
 
 If Christians, in reading the Scriptures, would 
 judiciously collect and record the providences they 
 meet with there; and, if destitute of other helps, 
 they would but add those that have fallen out in 
 their own time and experience. Oh what a pre- 
 cious treasure would these make! How would it 
 prove an antidote to their souls against the spread- 
 
* 
 ‘ 
 
 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 949 
 
 ing atheism of these days, and satisfy them, beyond 
 what many other arguments can do, that ‘* The 
 Lord he is God, the Lord he is God.” 
 
 While this work was under my hand, I was 
 both delighted and assisted by a pious and useful 
 essay of an unknown author, (Mr. T. C. in his 
 Isagoge,) who hath, to very good purpose, im- 
 proved many scriptural passages of providence, 
 which seem to lie out of the road of common ob- 
 servation; some passages I have noted out of it, 
 which have been sweet to me. O that Christians 
 would every where set themselves to such work! 
 Providence carries our lives, liberties, and concerns 
 in God’s hand every moment. Your bread is in 
 his cupboard, your money in his purse, your safety 
 in his enfolding arms; and sure it is the least part 
 of what you owe, to record the favours you receive 
 at his hands. More particularly, 
 
 1. Trust not your slippery memories with such 
 a multitude of remarkable passages of providence 
 as you have met, and shall meet with in your way 
 to heaven. It is true, things that greatly affect us 
 are not easily forgotten by us; and yet, how com- 
 mon is it for new impressions to raze out former 
 ones. It was a saying of that worthy man, Dr. 
 Harris, ‘‘My memory,” ‘‘never failed me in 
 all my life; for indeed, I durst never trust it.’’ 
 Written memorials secure us against that hazard; 
 and besides, make them useful to others when we 
 are gone; so that you carry not away all your 
 treasure to heaven with you, but leave these choice 
 legacies to your surviving friends. Certainly it 
 were not so great a loss to lose your silver, your 
 goods and chattels, as it is to lose your experiences 
 which God hath this way given you in this world. 
 
 2. Take heed of clasping up those rich treasures 
 
250 THE MYSTERY OF PROVIDENCE. 
 
 in a book, and thinking it enough to have noted 
 them there; but have frequent recourse to them as 
 often as new wants, fears, or difficulties arise and 
 assault you. Now itis seasonable to consider and 
 reflect. Was I never so distressed before? Is this 
 the first plunge that ever befell me? ‘* Let me con- 
 sider the days of old, the years of ancient times,”’ 
 as Asaph did, Psal. Ixxvii. 5. 
 
 3. Beware of slighting former straits and dan- 
 gers, in comparison with present ones. ‘That 
 which is next us, always appears greatest to us: 
 and as' time removes us further and further from our 
 former mercies or dangers, so they lessen in our 
 eyes, just as the land from which they sail, doth 
 io seamen. Know that your dangers have been 
 as great, and your fears no less formerly than now. 
 Make it as much your business to preserve the 
 sense and value, as the memory of former provi- 
 dences, and the fruit will be sweet to you. 
 
EXTRACTS FROM THE LAST CHAPTER OF 
 THE RIGHTEOUS MAN’S REFUGE, 
 
 THE AGGRAVATIONS OF A WICKED MAN’S TROUBLES. 
 
 1. When troubles come upon him, the curse of 
 God follows him into his earnal refuges; ‘* Cursed 
 be the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh 
 his arm, and whose heart departeth from the Lord,” 
 Jer. xvii. 5. ‘Trouble is the arrow, and this curse 
 the venom of the arrow, which makes the wound 
 incurable. 
 
 2. When troubles fall upon him from without, a 
 guilty conscience will terrify him from within; so 
 that the mind can give no relief to the body, but 
 both sink under their own weights. It is not so 
 with the people of God, they have inward relief 
 under outward pressures, 2 Cor. iv. 16, 
 
 3. ‘The gusts and storms of wicked men’s trou- 
 bles may blow them into hell, and hurry them into 
 eternal destruction: if death march towards them 
 upon the pale horse, hell always follows him, Rev. 
 vi. 8. 
 
 4. If troubles and distresses overwhelm their 
 hearts, they can give them no vent or ease by 
 prayer, faith, and resignation to God, as his people 
 used to do. 
 
 5. When their troubles and distresses come, 
 then come the hour and power of their tempta- 
 tions; and, to shun sorrow, they will fall into sin, 
 having no promise to be kept in the hour of temp- 
 tation, as the saints have, Rev. iii. 10. 
 
952 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 
 6. When their troubles come, they will be left 
 alone in the midst of them: these are their bur- 
 dens, and they alone must bear them. God’s gra- 
 cious, comfortable, supporting presence is only 
 with his own people. 
 
 7. If trouble and death come upon them as a 
 storm, they have no anchor of hope to drop in the 
 storm; ‘*'The wicked is driven away in his wick- 
 edness ;. but the righteous hath hope in his death,” 
 Prov. xiv. 82. By all which it appears that a 
 Christless person is a most helpless and shiftless 
 creature in the day of trouble. 
 
 REASONS WHY CHRISTIANS SHOULD NOT BE DEJECTED. 
 
 1. If thou be in Christ, thy sins are forgiven 
 thee; and why should not a pardoned soul be a 
 cheerful soul in adversity? Afflictions may buzz 
 and hum about thee, like bees that have lost their 
 sting, but they can never hurt thee. 
 
 2. If thou be in Christ, thy God is with thee in 
 all thy troubles; and how can thy heart sink or 
 faint in such a presence? Let those who are alone 
 in troubles fail under them: but do not thou do so, 
 who art surrounded with Almighty power, grace, 
 and love, Isa. xl. 1, 2. 
 
 3. If thou be in Christ, thy greatest afflictions 
 shall prove thy best friends and benefactors, Rom. 
 viii, 28. Surely then thou art more afraid than 
 hurt; thou mistakest thy best friends for thy worst 
 enemies; thou and thy afflictions shall part more 
 comfortably than you met. 
 
 4. If thou bein Christ, thy treasure is safe, thy 
 eternal happiness is out of the reach of all thine 
 enemies, Luke xil. 4; x. 42: and if that be safe, 
 thou hast no cause to be sad. ‘To droop and trem- 
 ble at the hazard of earthly comforts, whilst heaven- 
 
RIGHTEOUS MAN’S REFUGE. 953 
 
 ly and eternal things are safe, is as if a man that 
 had obtained his pardon from the king, and had it 
 safe in his bosom, should be found weeping upon 
 the way home, because he hath lost his staff or 
 glove. ‘These reasons are strong against the de- 
 jections of God’s people under outward troubles; 
 but yet I am sensible that all the reasoning in the 
 world will not prevent their dejections, except they 
 will take pains to clear up their interest in God 
 against such a day, Psal. xviii. 2, and will act their 
 faith by way of adherence and dependence upon 
 God, in the want of former light and evidence, 
 Isa. ]. 10. And lastly, that they keep their con- 
 sciences pure and inviolate, which will be a spring 
 of comfort in the midst of troubles, 2 Cor. i. 12. 
 
 CHRISTIAN RESIGNATION. 
 
 There are six things implied in Christian re- 
 signation. | , 
 
 1. An awakened sense of our dangers and haz- 
 ards. ‘* At what time I am afraid, I will trust in 
 thee,” Psal. lvi. 3. Suffering times are resigning 
 times ; ‘* Let them that suffer according to the will 
 of God commit the keeping of their souls to him 
 in well doing, as unto a faithful Creator,” 1 Pet. 
 iv. 19. And the greater and nearer our dangers 
 are, the more frequent and vigorous should the 
 actings of our faith this way be: Be not far from 
 me, for trouble is near. 
 
 2. Resignation to God necessarily implies our 
 renunciation and disclaiming of all other refuges. 
 ‘*¢ Asshur shall not save us, we will not ride upon 
 horses, neither will we say any more to the work 
 of our hands, Ye are our gods, for in thee the 
 fatherless findeth merey,’’ Hos. xiv. 3. He that 
 relies upon God must cease from man; resignation 
 
954 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 
 to God excludes not the use of lawful means, but 
 it doth exclude dependence upon them. 
 
 3, Resignation to God is always grounded upon 
 an interest in God, we have no warrant nor en- 
 couragement to expect protection from him in time 
 of trouble, except we can come to him as children 
 to a father; it is the filial relation that gives en- 
 couragement to this fiducial resignation; and the 
 clearer that relation and interest is, the more bold 
 and confident those acts of faith will be; ‘ Pre- 
 serve my soul, forl am holy: O thou, my God, 
 save thy servant that trusteth in thee,”’ Psal. Ixxxvi. 
 2. And again, ‘*I am thine, save me,” Psal. exix. 
 94. I speak not here of the first act of faith which 
 flows not from an interest, but gives the soul an 
 interest in God. Nor dol say, that poor, doubt- 
 ing, and timorous believers, whose interest in him 
 is dark and dubious, have no warrant to resign 
 themselves and their concerns into his hands; for 
 it is both their right and duty to do it: but certainly 
 the clearer our interest is, the more easy and com- 
 fortable will those acts be. 
 
 4. The committing acts of faith imply a full ac- 
 knowledgment and owning of God’s power to pro- 
 tect us, be the danger ever so imminent; ‘* My 
 times are in thy hand, deliver me from the hands 
 of mine enemies, and from them that persecute me,”’ 
 Psal. xxxi. 15. This denotes, O Lord, I am fully 
 satisfied, my life is not at the disposal of mine 
 enemies; it is not in their hands, but in thine; all 
 the traps and snares they lay for it shall not shorten 
 one minute of my time; I know thy hand is fully 
 able to protect me, and therefore into thy hands I 
 resign myself, and all I have. 
 
 5. Resignation involves in it an expectation of 
 help and safety from God, when we see no way of 
 
RIGHTEOUS MAN’S REFUGE. 955 
 
 security from men, ‘* O Lord,”’ saith Jehoshaphat, 
 ‘‘we have no might, nor strength, neither know 
 we what to do, but our eyes are unto thee,” 
 2 Chron. xx. 12. So David, ‘* My soul, wait thou 
 only upon God; for my expectation is from 
 him: he only is my rock and my salvation; he is 
 my defence; I shall not be moved,” Psal. xi. 
 Oo, 6. 
 
 6. Resignation to God implies the leaving of our- 
 selves, and our concerns with him, to be disposed 
 of according to his good pleasure; the resigning 
 soul desires the Lord to do with him what he will, 
 and is content to take what lot divine pleasure shall 
 cast for him: “And the king said unto Zadok, 
 Carry back the ark of God into the city ; if I shall 
 find favour in the eyes of the Lord, he will bring 
 me again, and show me both it and his habitation ; 
 but if he thus say, I have no delight in thee, behold, 
 here am I, let him do to me as seemeth good unto 
 him,742/ Sam: xve25. : 
 
 ENCOURAGEMENTS TO TRUST IN GOD. 
 
 1. The sovereignty and absolute dominion of 
 God over all creatures is a singular encouragement 
 to commit ourselves into his hands, and trust him 
 above all, ‘* Because of his strength will I wait 
 upon thee: for God is my defence,”’ Psal. lix. 9. 
 If a man were in danger amidst a great army of 
 rude and insolent soldiers, and were to put himself 
 under the protection of any one, it would be his 
 wisdom to choose to do it under the general, who 
 had all the soldiers of his army at his beck. Chris- 
 tian, thy. God, into whose hands thou committest 
 thyself, is Lord-General of all the hosts and armies 
 in heaven and earth; how safe art thou then in his 
 hands ! 
 
+ 
 a 
 
 256 EXTRACTS FROM THE 
 
 2. The unsearchable and perfect wisdom of God 
 is a mighty encouragement to commit ourselves 
 into his hands; ‘* With him is plenteous redemp- 
 tion,”’ Psal. exxx. 7, 8, that is, Choice and variety 
 of ways and methods to save his people. Weare, 
 but God never is, ata loss to find a door for our 
 escape, ‘*’The Lord knoweth how to deliver the 
 godly out of temptation,’’ 2 Pet. ii. 9. 
 
 3. ‘The infinite tenderness and compassion of our 
 God, is a sweet encouragement to resign and com- 
 mit ourselves and all we have into his hands; his 
 mercy is incomparably tender towards his people, 
 infinitely beyond whatever any creature felt stirring 
 within towards his own most beloved child, Isa. 
 xlix. 15. This compassion of God engageth the 
 two fore-mentioned attributes, namely, his power 
 and wisdom for the preservation and relief of his 
 people, as often as distresses befall them. Yea, 
 
 4. The very distresses his people are in do, as 
 it were, awake the Almighty power of God for 
 their defence and reseue; our distresses are not 
 only proper seasons, but powerful motives to his 
 saving power, ‘* For the Lord shall judge his peo- 
 ple, and repent himself for his servants when he 
 seeth that their power is gone, and there is none 
 shut up or left,’ Deut. xxxii. 36. God makes it 
 an argument to himself, and his people plead it as 
 an argument with him, ‘ Be not far from me, for 
 trouble is near, for there is none to help.” 
 
 5. We have already committed greater and 
 weightier concernments into his hand than the 
 dearest interest we have in this world; we have 
 entrusted our souls with him, 1 Pet. iv. 19; 2 Tim. 
 i. 12. Well, therefore, may we commit the lesser, 
 who have entrusted the greater with him. What 
 are our lives, liberties, estates, and relations, com- 
 
RIGHTEOUS MAN’S REFUGE. pa 
 
 pared with our souls, and the eternal safety and 
 happiness of them ! 
 
 6. The committing act of faith is the great and 
 only expedient to procure and secure the peace 
 and tranquillity of our minds, amidst all the dis- 
 tractions and troubles of the present world; the 
 greatest part of our affliction and trouble in such 
 days is from the working of our own thoughts ; 
 these torments from within are worse than any 
 from without; and the resignation of all to God by 
 faith is their best and only cure, ‘* Commit thy 
 works unto the Lord, and thy thoughts shall be 
 established,’”’ Prov. xvi. 3. <A ‘blessed calmness 
 of mind, a sweet tranquillity and settlement of 
 thoughts follow immediately hereupon, Psal. exiv. 
 19. O then leave all with God, and quietly expect 
 a comfortable issue: and for the better settlement 
 and security of thy peace in times of distraction 
 and trouble, I beseech thee, reader, carefully to 
 watch and guard against these two evils: 
 
 Caution 1. Beware of infidelity or distrustful- 
 ness of God and his promises, which secretly 
 lurks in thy heart, and is very apt to betray itself 
 when great distresses and troubles befall thee. 
 Thou wilt know it by such symptoms as these: 
 1. In an over-hasty and eager desire after present 
 deliverance; ‘* The captive exile hasteneth that he 
 may be loosed, and that he should not die in the 
 pit, nor that his bread should fail,’’ Isa. li. 14. 
 ‘The less faith, always the more impatience; and 
 the more ability to believe, the more patience to 
 wait. 2. It will discover itself in our readiness to 
 close with, and catch at sinful mediums and me- 
 thods of deliverance, Isa. xxx. 15,16. And this 
 is the handle of temptation, and occasion of apos- 
 tasy. ‘* Buthe that believeth will not make haste,”’ 
 
WS ~ 
 
 - b] 
 258 THE RIGHTEOUS MAN’S REFUGE. 
 
 Isa. xxviii. 16.. No more haste than good speed. 
 3. It will show itself in distracting cares and fears 
 about events which will rack the mind with vari- 
 ous and endless tortures. 
 
 Caution 2. Beware of dejection and despon- 
 dency of mind in evil times; take heed of a poor 
 low spirit that will presently sink and give up its 
 hope upon every appearance and face of trouble ; 
 it is a promise made unto the righteous, ‘* He shall 
 not be afraid of evil tidings, his heart is fixed, 
 trusting in the Lord,” Psal. exii. 7. ‘The trusting 
 of God fixes the heart, and the fixing of the heart 
 fortifies it against fear. 
 
 THE END. 
 
259 
 
 CATALOGUE OF BOOKS 
 PUBLISHED BY THE 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION. 
 
 The Board of Publication of the Presbyte- 
 rian Church in the United States of America, 
 have recently issued the following valuable 
 books: 
 
 1. The Way of Salvation Familiarly Exx- 
 plained, in a Conversation between a Father and his Chil- 
 dren. 18mo. 
 
 2. The Mute Christian under the Smarting 
 Rod; with Sovereign Antidotes for every case. By the Rev. 
 Thomas Brooks. 18mo. 
 
 3. The Great Concern of Salvation. By 
 the Rev. Thomas Halyburton; abridged for the Board. 18mo. 
 
 4. Christian Consistency; or the connexion 
 between Experimental and Practical Religion: designed 
 for Young Christians. By the Rev. E. Mannering. 18mo. 
 
 5. Self-Employment in Secret: containing 
 An Inquiry into the State of the Soul; Thoughts upon 
 Painful Afflictions; Memorials for Practice. By the Rev. 
 John Corbet. 18mo. 
 
 6. A Treatise on the Scripture Doctrine of 
 Original Sin; with Explanatory notes. By the Rev. Henry 
 A. Boardman. 18mo. 
 
 7. The Pleasures of Religion. By the Rev. 
 Henry Foster Burder, D.D, 18mo. 
 
260 
 
 8. The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 
 and ils consequences to the Protestant Churches of France 
 and Italy; containing Memoirs of some of the Sufferers in 
 the Persecution attending that event. 18mo. 
 
 9. The Utility and Importance of Creeds 
 and Confessions. By the Rev. Samuel Miller, D.D. 18mo. 
 
 10. The Life of John Knox, the Scottish 
 Reformer; abridged for the Board from McCrie’s Life of 
 Knox. 18mo. 
 
 11. The Life of Captain Wilson; contain- 
 ing an account of his residence in India; his conversion to 
 Christianity ; his missionary voyage to the South Seas; and 
 his peaceful death. Abridged. 18mo. 
 
 12. Letters to an Anxious Inquirer; de- 
 signed to relieve the difficulties of a friend under serious 
 impressions. By T.. Charlton Henry, D.D., late Pastor of 
 the Second Presbyterian Church, Charleston, 8. C.; with a 
 Biographical Sketch ef the Author. Third edition, embel- 
 lished with a Portrait. 18mo. 
 
 13. A Threefold Cord; or a Precept, Pro- 
 mise, and Prayer from the Holy Scriptures, for every day 
 in the year. 32mo, 
 
 14. The Duties and Responsibilities of the 
 Pastoral Office, being an abridgment of the Reformed Pas- 
 tor. By Richard Baxter, 18mo. 
 
 15. The Offices of Christ; abridged from 
 the original work of Stevenson. By the Rev. William S. 
 Plumer, D.D. 18mo. 
 
 16. The Divine Purpose, displayed in the 
 Works of Providence and Grace; in a series of Letters to 
 an Inquiring Friend. By the Rev. John Matthews, D.D. 
 18mo. 
 
 17. Presbyterianism the truly Primitive 
 and Apostolical Constitution of the Church of Christ; and 
 Infant Baptism Scriptural and Reasonable; and Baptism 
 by Sprinkling or Affusion, the most suitable und edifying 
 mode. By Samuel Miller, D.D. 12mo. 
 
 * 
 
261 
 18. The Spirit of Prayer. By the Rev. 
 
 Nathaniel Vincent. 32mo. 
 
 19. The Spruce Street Lectures, by several 
 Clergymen; delivered during the years 1831-32. To which 
 
 is added, a Lecture on the importance of Creeds and Con- 
 fessions. By Samuel Miller, D.D. 8vo. 
 
 20. A new stereotype edition of the Con- 
 stitution of the Presbyterian Church, in the United States 
 of America; containing the Confession of Faith, the Cate- 
 chisms, and the Directory for the Worship of God : together 
 with the Plan of Government and Discipline, as ratified by 
 the General Assembly, at their Sessions in May, 1821, and 
 amended in 1833. 18mo. 
 
 21. A Guide to Christian Communicants, 
 in the exercise of Self-Examination. By the Rev. William 
 Trail. 32mo, 
 
 22. A Friendly Visit to the House of 
 Mourning. By the Rev. Richard Cecil. 32mo. 
 
 23. The Doctrine of Regeneration. Se- 
 lected from the Writings of the Rev. Stephen Charnock. 
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 24. Love to Christ; chiefly extracted from 
 the “True Christian’s Love of the Unseen Christ.” By 
 Thomas Vincent. 32mo. 
 
 25. The Life of Major General Andrew 
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 26. Memoir of Lieutenant Colonel Black- 
 ader. 18mo. 
 
 27. Memoir of the Rev. George Trosse, 
 of Exeter, England. 18mo. 
 
 28. Scripture Portions for the Afilicted, 
 especially the Sick; with Reflections from various authors. 
 18mo. 
 
 29. The Destruction of Jerusalem, an irre- 
 sistible proof of the Divine origin of Christianity. 18mo. 
 
262 
 
 30. The Christian’s Great Interest; or the 
 Trial of a Saving Interest in Christ, and the way to attain 
 it. By Rev. William Guthrie, minister at New Kilmarnock, 
 Scotland, 1605. With an Introductory Essay, by the Rev. 
 Dr. Thomas Chalmers. 18mo. 
 
 31. The Life of Andrew Melville, the 
 Scottish Reformer. Abridged for the Board, from MeCrie’s 
 Life of Melville. 18mo. 
 
 32. The Lives of the Patriarchs. 18mo. 
 33. An Exposition of a Portion of the 
 
 Epistle to the Romans, in the form of Questions and An- 
 swers. By J.J. Janeway, D.D. F8imo. 
 
 34. A Blow at the Root of Antinomianism. 
 By the Rev. John Flavel. 32mo. 
 
 35. The Fulfilling of the Scripture, for 
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 36. Lime Street Lectures; a Defence of 
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 37. The Novelty of Popery, and the An- 
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 38. A Series of Tracts on the Doctrines, 
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 39. The Form of Government, the Disci- 
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 40. The Larger Catechism of the Westmin- 
 
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 41. The Saints’ Encouragement to Dili- 
 gence in Christ’s service. By the Rev. James Janeway. 
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263 
 
 42. The Return of Prayers. By Thomas 
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eton Theological Seminary-Speer Library 
 
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