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JOURNAL 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PBO^JPCIAL SYNOD 
 
 UNITED BRETHREN'S CHURCH 
 
 IN THE NORTHERN SECTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF N. A. 
 
 HELD AT BETHLEHEM, PA., 
 
 FROM THE 2 nd TO THE 23 d OF MAI, 
 
 1855. 
 
 BETHLEHEM: 
 
 PRINTED BY J. W. HELD, 
 1855. 
 
 f 
 
HELD AT BETHLEHEM, 
 
 FROM THE r TO THE 23 d OF MAY, 1855. 
 
 FIRST SESSION. 
 
 Wednesday, May 2nd, 9 A. M. — 53 members present. 
 
 Synod met in the old Church Edifice of the Bethlehem Congregation. — 
 The exercises were opened by singing the following hymns : — 
 
 " Oyitt bcincr ticfcctt Dtafoc," tt. f. ». 
 
 " Ruler of thy Congregation" etc. 
 
 " Be especially entreated" etc. 
 
 " ©u trcucr Jgausljm frcr ©cmeinc " u. f. n>. 
 
 Whereupon Br. Jacobson — the President — offered a fervent prayer to the 
 Head of the Church, beseeching him to be in our midst, and to direct and 
 bless our deliberations &c, after which the brethren joined in singing the 
 verse : " Jpcbc ciuf tic burdjgcgrafeencn Jfr&libt" U. f. vo. 
 
 The texts of the day were then read, and the substance of the daily word 
 enlarged upon in an address to the Synod. 
 
 The following letter from the U. E. C. to our Provincial Synod was 
 next communicated. 
 
 %n t>te gut tyto$in$iah ®\)nobt fceS norMicfcett SScgtrfS ber 
 SRorfcs^lmertfanifcfrcn SSrubcrgemetnctt jjcrfammeltett $8tu* 
 ber* 
 
 Jp e r $ t i d) a, e t i e b t e 35 r u b e r ! 
 
 ©nabe fei mit Gtud) unb ftriebe j?on ©oft, unferm 23ater, unb tern 
 #errn 3efu Qbrifio ! 2>iefer apojrotifdje eegenSrounfd) megettonSaa, 
 §u Sage an (Surf) in Srfufluna, a,ehen, fo fange %\)x 511 (Surer biesjdhri* 
 gen ^rot>in$ial?£*;nobe uerfammtet feib, urn oor ten 2Cua,en ted iperrn 
 ben Sufranb ber irubergemeinen in (Surem Sanbe mit etnanber 511 be? 
 traii>tcn/ bag SBofyl berfelben ju berathen, barauf ju benfenr mie &U 
 tern, ma§ €d)aben unb StbOrud) getfyan hat ober in Sufunft thun 
 fonnte, abgeholfen unb gemebrt merben, unb mie bagegen Cities, mas 
 $um mahren ipeil ber ein^elnen ^eelen unb ber a,an$en ©emeinen bits 
 nen fann, red)t beforbert merben moge. 93iit bem aufricfytigen SK>unfcfy 
 unb ©ebet $um ipeilanb, bajs biefee geltnge, merbet Sljr m|ammentre* 
 ten, unb aud) roir merben unfer (5>ebet mit bem Surigen wreinigen, 
 
4 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 fca une fciV3 3Bobl unb 50Bc^c Surer ©emeinen, eineS fo tt)id)tia,en tfjtia 
 lee Der et>angeltfc^en Q5rub«r4lnitdt/ fo natye am Jperjen lieo,t. 2Bir 
 ftnb ja ale cin befonberer Sfyetl ber attgemeinen cbriftluben .ftircbe 2(tte 
 ©lieber Sines 2nbt$ f ber ©emetne, t>a 3efue (Sfyrifhie tag .fpaupt iff; 
 roir ftnb burd) Stnen ©cijr 2ltte $u Sinem 2etbe aetaufr, unb fo gin 
 ©lieb leibet, fo leiben atte ©lieber mit, unb fo (5m ©lieb roirb tjerrltdj 
 gefyaltetif fo frcuen fid) atte ©liebcr mit. £0 roerben ami) roir une 
 mit (£ud) freuenr roenn ber Jpeilanb in Surer 9.)£itte uncjefeljen aber 
 frdftia, fitylbar roanbelt, felbft Sure Q5eratf)una,en mit <Seinem fyeiliam 
 ©eift, bem ©eijre ber SSSabrfyeit, leitet unb $um JBefren ber ©emeinen 
 ju einem 3tcl nacb eemem einn unb Jperjen futyret, unb bann in 
 itn ©emeinen felbft [egitimirt. 5>ie Soofuna, am Sroffnungstag Su* 
 rer ^ufammenrunfte am 2ten Wtai : " s Mee, roa§ ber Jperr gefagt bat, 
 rootten roir tt)un unb gefyordben ;" (2 9Rof. 24, 7.) roirb Suer ©elubbe 
 »or (55ottf unferm Jpeilanb, fein. 2Sa§ Sr une fagt in ©einem fyeili* 
 cjen *5Bortf bariiber fyaben roir un§ ja nid)t mit ftleifd) unb 2Mut ju 
 befpred)en, fonbern §u$ufal)ren, Sftin ?itte$ §u oerfprecben unb Sr cjibt 
 une in unferer €>efyroacfy()ett bae ipalten. Sr bat un§ errodblet, etje 
 ber ®elt ©runb geleget roar, baft «>ir foflten fein Ijeilig unb unjrrdf* 
 licb »or 3l)m in ber £iebe ; fo ftnb roir nun nicbt mel;r ©dfte unb 
 Jremblinge/ fonbern Stirrer mit bnx jpeilia/n, unb @otte6 Jpausge* 
 noffen, erbauet auf ben ©runb ber 2(pojrel unb s ))ropl)eten, ba 3>efu$ 
 (SJjrijtttS ber Scffrein ijr, auf roelcbem ber aan$e sfiau in etnanber $tt 
 fiiaet rodifrfet ftu einem fyertigen Sempel in bem .jperrn, auf roelcfyem 
 aucb 3ftr mit erbauet roerbet ju einer Q3efyaufuna, ©ottee im ©eifr. 
 ©et .rpeilanb ertjatte une mit etnanber oerbunben nacl) €>einem ©ebet : 
 ^ 3cb in it)nen unb ^u in mii> auf feaf; fie »>ottfommen fein in Since!" 
 3a, laffet un? flei^ig fein ( ^u batten bie Sinigfeit im ©eift burd) t>a§> 
 95anb be6 ^riebene. Sin %<ib unb Sin ©eift, nn'c roir aucb berufen 
 ftnb auf etnerlei §offnung unfers Q3erufe§ in Sinem ©lauben. 3^ 
 (ibriftue ftefle tins atte imma*met;r 3bm felbft bar al? etne ©emetner 
 bie l)errtid) feirbie nicbt babe einen ^lecfen ober Stunjdf ober beg et* 
 tca§» fonbern ba§ fie beilia, fei unb unjirdfjicb. Sr ejebe es un«, ber 
 £unbe abjufagenr bie ber Seute SSerberben i\l, nid)t im eigenen ©eiile 
 ju wanbeln, fonbern n.ubmjacjen bem oorije tied' ten 3iet, bem Jfletnobf 
 welcbee oorbalt bie bimmlifcbe s ^erufung ©otte§ in Sfyrifto 3^fu : Sr 
 felbfr roolle une oollbereiten, ftdrfen, frdftigen^ ijrunben ! 
 
 <£)ie ©nabe unfere £errn 3^fu Sbriftt, unb Ik %itbt ©ottePf unb 
 bie ©emeinfdvn't bee beiliam ©etfreg fei mit une 'Men, ?(men! 
 
 3n berSie6e^emetnfd)aft©ottee unfers ipettanbes t]ruf 3 en roir Sud)^ 
 liebe $>ruber, aufe tyxtfityfrt, ale 
 
 Sure treu oerbunbene Q3rtiber> 
 
 Mc 2!c1tcftctis<ronfercn$ $cr Unit at t 
 
 mniiiian %&iMy. mattiyicien, 
 
 Q3ert^el6borf, ^drj 24, 1855. $ice^rdfee\ 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 5 
 
 Br. Kampman rose, and in the name of the Congregation at Bethlehem, 
 expressed their sincere pleasure and grateful sense of the privilege of hav- 
 ing so many of their brethren from other places assembled in their midst, 
 and bade them an affectionate" and fraternal welcome. 
 
 Br. Wolle of Bethlehem was appointed Secretary of the Synod pro tem. 
 
 It having been proposed that the Synod proceed to the election of Vice 
 Presidents, after considerable discussion, it was unanimously 
 
 Resolved " That all the officers be elected by ballot." 
 
 Thereupon it was agreed that the delegates appointed by the various con- 
 gregations present their credentials, and that the Provincial Elders' Confer- 
 ence be the Committee to receive and examine the same. 
 
 The Congregations being called up in order, certificates of election were 
 handed in by brethren from Philadelphia, Nazareth, Staten Island, Emmaus, 
 Schoneck, Lebanon, Lancaster, York, Hopedale, Graceham, Gnadenhiitten, 
 Sharon, Canal Dover, Hope, and Bethlehem. The delegates from Litiz, 
 New York and Camden had not yet arrived, and the brother from Brooklyn 
 had mislaid his papers. — 
 
 A motion was made and carried, to reconsider the vote concerning the 
 election of officers by ballot, whereupon Br. Holland offered the following 
 resolution, viz : 
 
 " Resolved, That all elections by this Synod shall be by ballot;" 
 
 pending the consideration of which resolution, Synod agreed to take a re- 
 cess of fifteen minutes to enable the Committee on Credentials to examine 
 the same. 
 
 After recess, the Committee on Credentials reported that they had found 
 all presented to them to be correct, and that the following brethren were 
 present, and entitled to seats in this Provincial Synod, viz : 
 
 Members of { Rt ' ReV ' J ° hn C ' Jacobson - 
 
 Provincial Elders' Conference. ) 5 ev ' ™*P H ' G ™V?\ 
 ( Rev. Charles F. Seidel. 
 
 Rev. Lewis F. Kampman. 
 
 Rev. Sylvester Wolle. 
 
 E. F. Bleck. 
 
 Bethlehem, Pa. J Jacob Rice. 
 
 C. A. Luckenbach. 
 
 William L. Brown. 
 
 Jedediah Weiss. 
 
 C. E. Peisert. 
 
 ' Rev. William L. Lennert. 
 
 Rev. Edward H. Reichel. 
 
 Nazareth, Pa. 1 Rev. William Eberman. 
 
 | C. D. Busse. 
 
 (_ John C. Leibfried. 
 
 fvtfiV Vn S ^ ev - Samuel Reinke. 
 
 ****' ( Rev. J. T. Bechler. 
 
 i Rev. Henry A. Shultz. 
 
 Lancaster, Pa. 1 Joseph Eberman. 
 
 ( George Reed. 
 
JOURNAL Of THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 New York. 
 Lebanon, Pa. 
 
 York, Pa. 
 
 Schoeneck, Pa. 
 
 Hoped ale, Pa. 
 Graceham, Md. 
 
 Slaten Island, N.Y. 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Gnadenhuetten, Ohio. 
 
 Canal Dover, Ohio. 
 
 Sharon, Ohio. 
 
 Hope, Indiana . 
 Camden, N. Y. 
 Emmaus, Pa. 
 
 C Rev. Edm. de Schweinitz. 
 
 < Francis Jordan. 
 ( George Perkin. 
 
 Rev. David Bigler. 
 ( Rev. T. Wunderling. 
 ? John Graeff. 
 ( Robert Evans. 
 c Rev. F. F. Hagen. 
 
 < George Heckert. 
 ( John Fahs. 
 
 ( Rev. George F. Troeger. 
 ( John A. Edmonds. 
 
 Rev. G. Oehler. 
 
 Rev. B. Ricksecker. 
 C Rev. A. A. Reinke. 
 ( Lawrence Cortelyou. 
 $ Rev. Joseph H. Kummer. 
 i Thomas Harvey. 
 C Rev. Henry Bachman. 
 
 < Isaac Blickensderfer. 
 ( Joshua Micksch. 
 
 C Rt. Rev. Peter Wolle. 
 
 < Jacob Blickensderfer, Sr. 
 ( William Rickert. 
 
 C Rev. F. A. Holland. 
 
 < Jacob Blickensderfer, Jr. 
 ( Samuel Knauss. 
 
 ( Rev. Henry G. Clauder. 
 1 David Weinland. 
 I Philip Blum. 
 
 Rev. Charles Barstow. 
 C Rev. John Regenass. 
 1 Samuel Christ. 
 / F. Yobst. 
 
 A motion was made and carried, that the Rules of the Provincial Synod 
 of 1849 be adopted for the government of this body, until otherwise order- 
 ed, and that they be now read. 
 
 The President hereupon read the Rules. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck said Rules were referred to a Committee of Three 
 for revision. 
 
 The Brethren Luckenbach, Blickensderfer, (Sharon) and Bleck were ap- 
 pointed by the President to constitute this Committee. 
 
 Synod then proceeded to the election of two Vice Presidents. 
 
 The question being raised whether Br. Evans, who had failed to present 
 his credentials, was entitled to a seat, the minister from Lebanon stated that 
 said brother, had been duly elected ; whereupon on motion it was unani- 
 mously resolved that Br. Evans be received as a full member. 
 
 Upon a count of the ballots, it appeared, that the brethren Seidcl and Goepp 
 were duly elected Vice Presidents. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE rROVJNCIAL SYNOD. 7 
 
 The subject of the permanent Secretaryship to this body being under 
 consideration on motion of Br. Holland, it was 
 
 "Resolved, That a brother, not a member of this Synod, be 
 appointed to the office. " 
 
 Br. Rice moved, "that the President be requested to procure the servi- 
 ces of some competent person to serve as Secretary to this Synod, on such 
 terms as he shall see fit ;" but before the discussion on tins subject was con- 
 cluded, a motion to adjourn prevailed. 
 
 Synod adjourned after singing, " .£>crr 3cf«, jet art jctcm Xa$ ," u. f. W. 
 
 SECOND SESSION. 
 2 1-2 o'clock, p. M. — 58 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Bless our covenanting together" etc. 
 
 The delegates from Litiz, viz : the brethren Jacob B. Tschudy, John W. 
 Rauch, and Timothy Masslich, appeared, presented their credentials, which 
 were found correct, and took their seats. 
 
 Br. Reinke (Litiz) moved that Br. Bahnson, the delegate appointed by 
 the Provincial Helpers' Conference of the Southern Province of our Ameri- 
 can Church, to attend this Synod, be admitted as an advisory member. 
 
 An amendment having been offered, viz : " that said delegate have the 
 privilege to vote," — Br. Bahnson explained his position, and at his request 
 the amendment was withdrawn. 
 
 The original motion was then unanimously agreed to. 
 
 The subject of admitting persons to the deliberations of Synod, having 
 been brought up, after considerable discussion, on motion of Br. Schweinitz, 
 it was finally 
 
 "Resolved, That this Synod be held with open doors." — 
 
 Br. Weiss was elected doorkeeper. 
 
 Br. Goepp then moved " that we take as a guide to our deliberations the 
 Results of the Provincial Conference of 1847, as modified by those of the 
 General Synod of 1848, and of the Provincial Synod of 1849." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp next submitted the following preamble and resolutions, viz : 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 " Whereas, the Unity's Elders' Conference in Berthelsdorf 
 have officially declared their willingness to take the necess- 
 ary steps for the convocation of a general Synod of the 
 United Brethren's Church, either in 1857, '58 or '59, in 
 case the Results of this present Provincial Synod should be 
 of such a nature as in their opinion, constitutionally to 
 warrant the taking of such steps, — Therefore be it 
 Resolved, 
 
 1. That this present Provincial Synod is authorized, and it is 
 the duty of the same to take the whole of the constitution 
 and principles of the United Brethren's Church into ma- 
 ture and prayerful consideration, and to pass resolutions re- 
 lating to the same, either sanctioning the resolutions of 
 former Synods, or modifying and altering the same, or sub- 
 stituting entirely new ones, and that it shall be expressly 
 understood that this present Synod, as to its deliberations, 
 be not limited by any reference or regard to the existing 
 rules and constitution of our Church, otherwise than shall 
 be deemed good and necessary by the Synod itself, and that 
 the same 'be 'by the grace of God exclusively governed by 
 an earnest and prayerful consideration of the mercy and 
 divine directions of Him, who is the only Head of the 
 Church, and by a faithful observance of his commandments 
 as revealed to us in Holy Scripture. 
 
 2. That the principles and rules of the constitution of our 
 Church so proposed and resolved upon by this present Syn- 
 od, be embodied into a full report, and that, as far as the 
 same, under our present constitution cannot be carried out 
 nor acted upon, unless approved of either by the Unity's 
 Elders' Conference, or by a General Synod of our Church, 
 they be laid before the Unity's Elders' Conference at Ber- 
 thelsdorf. 
 
 3. That'in the meantime the results of this present Synod so 
 laid down be published by printing, in English and Ger- 
 man, for the use of all the members of our Church, but 
 that the same, excepting such resolutions as may be earri-ed 
 out immediately, without being constitutionally subject to 
 the sanction either of the Unity's Elders' Conference, or 
 of a General Synod, be not considered conclusive, but sub- 
 ject to|be revised, sanctioned or modified by another Pro- 
 vincial Synod to be convened in the fall of the year 1856. 
 
 4. That as soon as convenient after the commencement of the 
 sittings of the Synod, a brother be appointed, whose duty 
 it shall be to prepare a report embodying the resolutions of 
 the Synod under their proper heads, and to lay the same 
 before the .Synod for its approval. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 9 
 
 These resolutions were laid on the table, in order to have them printed 
 for the use of members. 
 
 Br. Bechler moved that a Committee of Two on Printing, be appointed 
 by the President, and the motion being agreed to, the President appointed 
 the brethren Blickensderfer (Sharon) and Shultz, to be said Committee. 
 
 On motion of Br. Luckenbach it was agreed, that Synod meet daily at 
 8 1-2 o'clock A. M. and adjourn at noon, and again at 2 P. M. to adjourn 
 at 5 o'clock. 
 
 Likewise that each Session be opened with singing and prayer. 
 
 Br. Rice renewed his motion of the first Session, in reference to procuring 
 the services of some competent person to act as Secretary. 
 
 Br. Bleck offered by way of amendment " that we go forthwith into the 
 nomination and election of a Secretary to this Synod ;" — which amendment 
 was accepted, and agreed to. 
 
 The brethren W. Th. Roepper and Wm. C. Reichel having been nomi- 
 nated the election was held by ballot, and on counting the vote it appeared 
 that Br. Roepper was chosen. 
 
 Whereupon on motion, it was 
 
 " Resolved, That Br. Roepper be declared unanimously, elected." 
 
 After singing : " Lord thy body ne'er forsake," &c, Synod adjourned. — 
 
 THIRD SESSION. 
 
 Thursday, May 3d., 8i o'clock, A. M. — 50 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Be present with thy servants, Lord," &c. — 
 Prayer by Br. Wolle. (Litiz.) — Texts of the day read. 
 
 The President announced that Br. John Egbert from Staten Island had 
 arrived. Having presented his credentials they were found correct, and he 
 took his seat. 
 
 The minutes of yesterday's Sessions were read, amended and approved. 
 
 A letter from Br. Roepper, respectfully declining the office of Secretary, 
 was communicated by the President. 
 
 Synod then proceeded to the nomination of a Secretary, and Br. Wm. C. 
 Reichel having been nominated, and the nominations closed, Br. Bleck moved 
 " that Synod declare Br. Reichel unanimously elected." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp having moved, "that after the reading of the daily minutes, the 
 roll shall be called ;" after some objections had been heard, 
 
 Br. Holland moved, " that this matter be laid on the table, and reports of 
 Committees be called." Agreed to. 
 
 The Committee to whom had been referred the revision of the rules, then 
 reported the following 
 2 
 
10 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 RULES OF ORDER FOR THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD OF 
 
 1855. 
 
 DUTIES AND PRIVILEGES OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Rule 1. It shall be the duty of the President to preserve order, and to en- 
 deavor to conduct all business before Synod to a speedy and proper re- 
 sult. He shall state every case properly presented to Synod, and be- 
 fore putting it to vote, shall ask ; " Is the Synod ready for the question]" 
 He shall announce all votes and decisions. 
 
 Rule 2. In case the Synod shall be equally divided on any question, it 
 shall be considered lost. 
 
 Rule 3. The President may speak to points of order in preference to other 
 members of the Synod ; and shall decide questions of order, subject to 
 an appeal to the Synod by any member, which appeal shall always be 
 in writing. On such an appeal no brother shall speak more than once. 
 
 Rule 4. When an appeal is made from the decision of the President, he 
 shall put the question thus : — " Shall the decision of the chair stand as 
 the judgment of the Synod]" — 
 
 Rule 5. The President shall appoint all Committees unless the Synod 
 shall otherwise direct. 
 
 Rule 6. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer, and the privilege of 
 any member of Synod to call a member to order, who violates an es- 
 tablished rule of order. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. 
 
 Rule 7. The name of a brother offering a resolution, proposition, or 
 amendment, shall be entered on the Journal, by the Secretary. 
 
 Rule 8. The Secretary shall enter upon the Journal every resolution or 
 proposal submitted to the Synod, or report made by a Committee in the 
 words in which it was submitted by the mover, or presented by the 
 Committee : also all amendments offered, whether adopted or rejected ; 
 and before the final vote is taken on any resolution, proposition or re- 
 port, which may have been amended, it shall be again entered in the 
 words on which the final vote is taken, unless the amendments can be 
 readily supplied from the journal without such re-entry. 
 
 MOTIONS. 
 
 Rum 9. A motion must be seconded, and afterwards repeated from the 
 
 choir, or read aloud before it is debated. — A motion shall be reduced to 
 
 writing, if any brother require it. 
 Rule 10. All resolutions shall be submitted in writing. 
 Rulf. 11. Any brother having made a motion, may withdraw it with leave 
 
 of bis second, before it is debated, but not afterwards without leave of 
 
 th> Synod. 
 Rule 12. A motion to amend an amendment shall be in order, but to amend 
 
 an amendment to an amendment shall not be entertained. 
 Rule 13. An amendment destroying, or altering the intention of a motion 
 
 shall be in order ; but an amendment relating to a different subject shall 
 
 not be iu order. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 11 
 
 Rule 14. On an amendment to " strike out and insert," the paragraph to 
 be amended shall first be read as it stands, then the words proposed to 
 be struck out and those to be inserted, and finally the paragraph as it 
 would stand, if so amended. 
 
 Rule 15. On a call for the division of the question, the majority shall de- 
 cide. The call can only be granted when the division called for will 
 leave distinct and entire propositions. 
 
 DEBATE. 
 
 Rule 16. When a member speaks, or offers a motion, he shall rise in his 
 place, and respectfully addressing the chair, confine himself to the ques- 
 tion under consideration. 
 
 Rule 17. When a member is called to order, he shall take his seat until the 
 point is determined. 
 
 Rule 18. When two or more members rise to speak at the same time, the 
 presiding officer shall decide who is entitled to the floor. 
 
 Rule 19. While a brother is speaking, no one shall interrupt him, except 
 for the purpose of calling him to order, or asking of the presiding offi- 
 cer leave to explain, or to call the previous question.— A brother allow- 
 ed " to explain," shall only have the right to explain an actual misun- 
 derstanding of language, and shall be strictly prohibited from going in- 
 to debate on the merits of the case. 
 
 Rule 20. For any brother in speaking to impeach the motives of a fellow- 
 member, or treat him with personal disrespect, or pass between him and 
 the chair while he is speaking, shall be deemed a violation of order. 
 
 Rule 21. Any conversation, by whispering or otherwise, which is calculated 
 to disturb a brother while speaking, or hinder the transaction of business, 
 shall be deemed a violation of order. 
 
 PRIVILEGED QUESTIONS. 
 
 Rule 22. When a question is before the Synod, the only motions in order 
 shall be 1st, to adjourn; 2d, the previons question; 3d, to lay on the 
 table ; 4th, to postpone indefinitely ; 5th, to postpone to a definite per- 
 iod ; 6th, to refer ; 7th, to divide, if the sense will admit of it ; or 8th, 
 to amend — to take precedence as herein arranged, and the first three to 
 be decided without debate. 
 
 Rule 23. When the previous question is moved, and sustained by five other 
 members, it shall be put in this form : " Shall the main question be 
 now put?" If this is carried, all further motions, amendments, and de- 
 bate shall be excluded, and the question be put without delay. If the 
 question has been amended, the question shall be taken on the amend- 
 ment first ; if more than one amendment has been made, the last made 
 amendment in order shall take precedence in the vote. It shall not 
 be in order to reconsider the agreement to take the previous question. 
 
 Rule 24. When a motion is postponed indefinitely, it shall not come up 
 again during the sitting of the present Synod. 
 
12 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ADJOURNMENT. 
 
 Rule 25. A motion to adjourn shall always be in order, except 1st, when a 
 member is in possession of the floor ; 2nd, when the yeas and nays are 
 being called ; 3d, when the members are voting ; 4th, when adjourn- 
 ment was the last preceding motion ; or 5th, when it has been decided 
 that the previous question shall be taken. 
 
 Rule 26. A motion to adjourn simply cannot be amended, but a motion to 
 adjourn to a given time may be, and is open to debate. 
 
 QUESTIONS NOT DEBATABLE. 
 
 Rule 27. — I. A motion to adjourn, when to adjourn simply. 2. A motion 
 to lay on the table, when claiming privilege over another motion. 3. 
 A motion for the previous question. 4. A motion to reconsider. 5. A 
 motion to read a paper. 6. Questions of order whilst the previous 
 question is pending. 7. Questions of order when not appealed from 
 the decision of the President. 
 
 READING OP PAPERS. 
 
 Rule 28. The reading of any paper called for relating to the subject under 
 debate, shall always be in order. 
 
 TAKING THE VOTE. 
 
 Rule 29. When the presiding officer has commenced taking the vote, no 
 further debate or remark shall be admitted, unless a mistake has been 
 made ; in which case the mistake shall be rectified, and the presiding 
 officer shall recommence taking the vote. 
 
 Rule 30. The yeas and nays upon any question before the Synod may be 
 called for by two members, and when so called, shall be taken and en- 
 tered on the journal. They may be called for at any time before the 
 announcement of the vote by the chair. 
 
 Rule 31. In all elections by ballot, a majority of the whole number of votes 
 cast, shall be necessary to a choice. 
 
 Rule 32. In voting by yeas and nays, all present must vote unless excused 
 by the Synod. A motion to excuse shall be decided without debate. 
 
 FILLING BLANKS. 
 
 Rule 33. When any blank is to be filled by the names of persons, a vote 
 shall be taken on the names in the order of their nomination ; but 
 when a blank is to be filled by any sum of money or time proposed, 
 the question shall be first put on the largest sum, and the most remote 
 time. 
 
 RECONSIDERATION. 
 
 Rule 34. A question may be reconsidered at any time not later than the 
 day after it was decided; but a motion for reconsideration being once 
 made and decided in the negative, shall not be renewed. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 13 
 
 Rule 35. A motion to reconsider murt be made by a member who voted in 
 the majority. No question shall be reconsidered more than once ; nor 
 shall a vote to reconsider be reconsidered. 
 
 COMMITTEES AND THEIR REPORTS. 
 
 Rule 36. The brother first named on the appointment of a committee shall 
 be chairman of the same, and shall call the committee together at such 
 time and place as he may select; but when thus convened, any com- 
 mittee may elect its own chairman and secretary. 
 
 Rule 37. All reports of committees, except reports of progress, shall be 
 made in writing, and signed by a majority. 
 
 Rule 38. When a majority report is followed by a report from the minority 
 of a committee, the former, after being read, shall lie upon the table, 
 until the latter is presented ; after which on motion, either may be con- 
 sidered. 
 
 Rule 39. When a report has been read, it shall be considered as properly 
 before the Synod without a motion to accept. 
 
 PROTEST. 
 
 Rule 40. When one or more members desire to have their protest against 
 a resolution or any other act of the Synod inserted in the Journal, he 
 or they shall present it in writing, with his or their name or names af- 
 fixed, to the Secretary of the Synod, to be by him entered on the Jour- 
 nal. 
 
 The foregoing rules may at any time be altered, amended or suspended 
 by a two-third vote of the members present. 
 
 Br. Shultz moved that Synod take up the above report, section by section. 
 — Lost. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved, that it be adopted entire. — 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) the 19th Rule was amended by 
 striking out the words " or to call the previous question." 
 
 The Rules of order as amended were then adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, it was ordered that one hundred copies of said 
 rules be printed. 
 
 Br. Eberman (Nazareth) then rose to offer certain resolutions, which he 
 prefaced by remarks, stating that they had reference to the Government of 
 the Brethren's Church. 
 
 The brethren Bleck and Goepp objected to them, as being out of order- 
 After some discussion, the President decided that Br. Eberman was out 
 of order. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved to reconsider the vote of yesterday, 
 fixing the order of proceedings. Lost. 
 
14 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ^Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) appealed from the decision of the chair, that 
 Br. Eberman was out of order. 
 
 The President then withdrew his decision, and Br. Eberman proceeded to 
 read his preamble and resolutions : — 
 
 Whereas the United Brethren's Church of the Northern Diocese in 
 the United States of America, has for some time past felt the want of 
 a proper legislation, adapted to the well-being of this branch of the 
 Church, on account of the peculiar circumstances in which it is plac- 
 ed, in being subject more or less, to the final decisions of the general 
 Synods of the United Brethren's Church held in Germany, and sub- 
 ordinate to the Unity's Elders' Conference at Herrnhut. 
 
 And whereas theJAmerican Branch of the United Brethren's Church 
 has been acknowledged to exist, in the granting of a Charter, by an 
 Act of the Legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, pass- 
 ed on the twenty-ninth day of March A,D. 1851. viz: An Act to incor- 
 porate " The Board of Elders of the Northern Diocese of the Church 
 of the United Brethren, in the United States of America," as a body 
 politic, whereby this body is now established by law, and is henceforth 
 subject to the laws of this State, and the Rules and Regulations of 
 the Synods of this branch of the United Brethren's Church. — 
 
 Therefore be it resolved, that we deem it expedient and highly necessa- 
 ry, that the following Statutes of Rules and Regulations be adopted 
 by this Synod, as the Constitution of the United Brethren's Church 
 in the Northern Diocese of the United States of America. 
 
 Statutes of the UnitedJBrethren's Church in the Northern 
 Diocese of the United^States of North America. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The Statutes of the United Brethren's Church in the Northern Diocese 
 of the United States of North America are principles laid down by unani- 
 mous consent of the Synods, as just^and truly necessary, and deserving the 
 faithful observance of all its members ; 
 
 The Statutes are divided into three parts : The first comprehends the prin- 
 ciples upon which^the destination, aim, and calling of the Church are found- 
 ed. The second, contains the principles of our Discipline, deduced from 
 the former. The third, contains the principles relating to the government 
 and the service of the Church in all its branches. 
 
 PART I. 
 
 Principles upon which the destination, aim, and calling of thm 
 ?United Brethren's Church are founded. 
 
 Sbc. 1. The Protestant Church of the United Brethren is a part of the 
 household of God founded by our Lord Jesus Christ himself, in which 
 he has the sole Rule, ordaining and appointing its Servants, and in 
 which every institution is meant to render each of its members pre- 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 15 
 
 pared, to serve the will of God here on earth, and finally to depart 
 with joy, and be with him for ever. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Holt Scriptures are and remain the only touchstone and 
 rule, by which our doctrine must be examined, and our whole lives 
 must be regulated. 
 
 Sec. 3. The American branch of the United Brethren's Church considers 
 her derivation, from the renewed Church of the ancient Moravian 
 Brethren at Herrnhut A. D. 1722, as a providential dispensation of 
 God, by which she obtained the groundwork of her Constitution and 
 Discipline, and the rite of Episcopal Ordination, through the instru- 
 mentality of the mother Church. 
 
 Sec 4. The Church of the United Brethren is convinced that the aim of 
 God would not be obtained, if she was nothing more than an ecclesi- 
 astical community formed of persons agreeing in doctrine and Church 
 rites, but that her high calling of God is this : that she should be, or 
 exhibit a part of that living Church of Christ, which is scattered 
 throughout the earth, that is, a community of true children of God, 
 having Jesus for their Head, whose members love each other, as' 
 brethren and sisters, and maintain among themselves the closest 
 Unity of Spirit. 
 
 Sec 5. Her calling and plan therefore, as far as our knowledge at present 
 reaches, is this : 
 
 a, That she be a Church founded upon the doctrine of the incarna- 
 tion, bloodshedding, and death of Jesus, in which she finds her dai- 
 ly pasture ; her principal concern being to enjoy the full merits of his 
 life, sufferings, death and resurrection, for her salvation and sanctifi- 
 cation ; and to live in intimate communion with him, striving, out of 
 love to him, to keep his commandments, her members caring for, and 
 exciting each other to acts of love and good works. 
 
 b, That she be a city set on a hill, whose inhabitants let their light 
 shine before men, their walk and conversation proving, that living- 
 faith in Jesus creates not merely true cheerfulness and happiness of 
 mind, but also strict rectitude of conduct in its professors, who are 
 zealously intent upon following after truth, faithfulness, and charity 
 towards their neighbors, and every virtue and every praise. 
 
 c, That she be a people keeping immdveably to the word of Jesus' 
 patience and atonement, showing forth his death without fear, and 
 proclaiming his Gospel in all places, and by all means in their 
 power, not only as a good salt among different Christian denomina- 
 tions, but also a messenger of peace to the Heathen, undismayed eith- 
 er by the crafty, or violent opposition of the enemy and his agents, 
 and counting the reproach of Christ as an honor, willingly bearing 
 the cross after him. 
 
 Sec 6. The Church of the United Brethren therefore can acknowledge 
 such only as partakers of her covenant, who by faith in Jesus Christ 
 have become children of God, or such who are earnestly striving af- 
 ter this blessing, in whose conversation the fruits of the spirit are 
 seen, and who with their whole heart agree, both in the calling of 
 grace, and the plan of regulation of the United Brethren's Church 
 formed for the furtherance thereof, and are willing to conform to them. 
 
16 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Sec. 7. Whereas birth and descent can never make a child of God, it fol- 
 lows that children born in the Church can only then be considered as 
 true members thereof, when by the grace of God they obtain the 
 above stated disposition and conviction. (Sec. 6.) But we acknow- 
 ledge it to be our most sacred duty, to promote this work of divine 
 grace in their, hearts, to the utmost of our power, by kind exhortation, 
 instruction and example. 
 
 Sec 8. We will endeavor, as much as lieth in us, to live in true fellowship 
 and unity of Spirit with all children of God in other denominations, 
 and serve them with a willing heart , as far as we are able. We 
 will however, not enter with any one into religious controversy, but 
 simply adhere to the fundamental principles laid down in the Holy 
 Scriptures, faithfully and fearlessly confessing the truth. 
 
 Sec 9. Neither time nor circumstances, nor any thing else, shall divert us 
 from following the important call given us by the Lord himself, upon 
 which our covenant is founded ; therefore we will by his grace main- 
 tain it as our most valuable treasure without wavering. — 
 
 PART II. 
 
 Principles of our Constitution and Church Discipline. 
 
 Sec 1. The only aim of all the regulations and rules established in the 
 Church of the United Brethren, is to promote the spiritual and tem- 
 poral welfare of each congregation collectively, and of every individ- 
 ual member thereof, according to the will of God, and to prevent all 
 harm and injury. 
 
 Sec 2. Nothing therefore must enter into any part of our constitution, our 
 regulations and rules, that is contrary to the doctrine of Jesus, and of 
 his Apostles. 
 
 Sec 3. The rules and regulations of each Congregation are considered by 
 all sincere members of the United Brethren's Church, as a benefit, 
 and must be implicitly obeyed by each member, nor can the ministers 
 of the Church, or any others appointed to hold office in the Church, 
 be exempted therefrom, under any pretense whatever. 
 
 Sec. 4. All true members of the Brethren's Church are convinced in their 
 conscience that they are not only to seek that which is their own but 
 also that which is the Lord's; not to live to themselves, but to God ; they 
 therefore gladly, and willingly contribute ail in their power towards 
 the spread of his kingdom, and the furtherance of that work of God, 
 which is committed to us. 
 
 Sec 5. The discipline of the United Brethren's Church consists in love to- 
 wards each other, but, whenever any member falls into error, he must 
 be set to rights with kindness, and if he falls into transgression, be 
 seriously, according to the precept given by our Saviour, reminded of 
 his duty, and reproved as a Brother. 
 
 8ec. 6. Whoever walks disorderly, gives offense, or causes scandal, despis- 
 ing all exhortation and reproof, and perseveres in it, must be dismiss- 
 ed from the communion of the church. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 17 
 
 Sec. 7. All seducers, that is, such persons as knowingly and purposely do 
 harm to the souls of others, and on strict examination have been con- 
 victed of such practices, are to be excluded from the Church. 
 
 Sec. 8. We will faithfully maintain this our Church discipline without res- 
 pect of persons, or regard to office, rank or family, usefulness, and 
 former services, or any other merit, every where, and at all times, be- 
 ing persuaded, that we cannot otherwise be, or remain a living 
 Church of Jesus. 
 
 PART III. 
 
 Government and the Service of the Church in all its Branches. 
 
 Sec. 1. All the congregations of the United Brethren's Church in the 
 Northern Diocese of the United States of America, are parts of the 
 Unity which (iod our Saviour has united in one body. Under Him 
 their Lord and Head, they are joined together as members of one 
 Church, and are built up for a habitation of God, through the Spirit, 
 and are subject to the immediate government of him our Lord and 
 Saviour Jesus Christ. But this government is carried on by him 
 through the guidance of the Holy Spirit, by means of a General 
 Synod, directing the internal and external affairs of the Church in 
 general, and of each Congregation, and in which the whole Unity 
 of the Brethren's Church in the Northern Diocese of the United States 
 of America, is represented by the active ministers of the Church, the 
 deputies of all the Congregations, and such other members of the 
 Church as may be invited to attend, in accordance with the rules 
 adopted by the Synod of 1847. 
 
 Sec 2. At a general Synod the external and internal affairs of the Church 
 are examined, and its Constitution either confirmed, or if needful 
 otherwise regulated, modified or amended ; according to the leading 
 of the Lord, it also appoints the time and place of its next meeting. 
 
 But as the superintendence and direction of the whole Church 
 must be uninterruptedly continued, and the Synod can meet only at 
 stated times, every Synod chooses and appoints a board of Elders — 
 (with the approval of the Lot, — ) which shall be called, " The Board 
 of Elders of the Northern Diocese of the Church of the United 
 Brethren in the United States of America," which represents the Sy- 
 nod till it again meets, and is responsible to it. 
 
 Sec 3. The board of Elders shall consist of five members, namely : a 
 President, three Directors, and a Treasurer. The President and Di- 
 rectors to be chosen from the active ministers of the Church, the 
 Treasurer to be chosen from among the brethren of the Church, with- 
 out being in the ministry or actual service of the Church ; subject to 
 the following rules and regulations of the Synod, viz : 
 
 a, The President shall be chosen and elected by the Synod out of 
 the number of Bishops residing within the Northern Diocese of the 
 United Brethren's Church, whose residence shall be fixed at Bethle- 
 hem in the State of Pennsylvania. 
 
 b, Three Directors shall be chosen and elected by the Synod out of 
 the number of active ministers in the Northern Diocese of the Unit- 
 ed Brethren's Church. 
 
 3 
 
IS JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 The first to represent and be located in the western section of the 
 Diocese, embracing all the Congregations in the Western States. 
 
 The second to be elected and located in the middle Section of the 
 Diocese, embracing all the congregations in the States of Pennsyl 
 vania and Maryland. 
 
 The third to represent and be located in the eastern section of the 
 Diocese, embracing all the congregations in New York, New Jersey 
 and the New England States. 
 
 The Treasurer may be chosen out of the number of actual mem- 
 bers of the Church either in the ministry or otherwise, and his place 
 of residence shall be fixed at Bethlehem, State of Pennsylvania. 
 The receipts and disbursements of the Treasurer, shall be regulated 
 by the resolutions of the Synod, and the directions of the board of 
 Elders, and to whom he shall be held responsible. 
 
 In order that no difficulties may arise from changes or removals of 
 the ministers thus elected, they shall not be removed out of their res- 
 pective sections during the interval from one Synod to the other, al- 
 though they may be called to serve one or another congregation, in 
 that section which they represent. 
 
 In case of any vacancy or vacancies taking place, by resignation, 
 incapacity or death, in the board of Elders, such vacancy or vacancies 
 shall be tilled according to the rules of the Synod adopted in the 
 year 1849 in such cases. — 
 Sec. 4. This board of Elders shall be the Executive Committee, during the 
 intervals of the Synods, and has charge to take in hand and carry out 
 the resolutions of the Synod, to maintain the connection between all 
 congregations, and to promote the welfare of the whole work of God 
 committed to the Brethren's Church among Christians and heathen, 
 in conformity to the resolutions of the Synod. It also convenes and 
 opens the next Synod at the time appointed. 
 
 Sec 5. Our Bishops, Presbyters and Deacons may perform ecclesiastical 
 duties, and act officially, in consequence of their ordination only as 
 authorized by the Synod and board of Elders. 
 
 Sec fi. Each Congregation of the Brethren's Church has its own direct- 
 ing board, called the Committee or Board of Elders, which is subject 
 to the rules and regulations of the Church. 
 
 Skt. 7. In the Church of the Brethren, principles must govern, and the 
 board of Elders or Committee of each congregation are charged to 
 see to it, that they be neither forgotten, nor weakened, but faithfully 
 observed, and brought into practice. 
 
 Sbc. 8. (Both at the Synods and in the Provincial Elders' Conference de- 
 risions are formed not always by plurality of vot.^s, but in all impor- 
 tant and dubious cases, after a strict and sufficient examination, we 
 call upon our only wise God and Saviour, prayerfully beseeching him, 
 to reveal his Holy Will to us, by means of the Lot.) 
 
 Sec 9. (All the directions of the Lord by the Lot, and the resolutions of 
 the Svnod, or board of Elders, founded upon them, must be strictly 
 and faithfully obeyed, both by the members of the Synod, the board 
 ff the Provincial Elders' Conference, and those of the congregations 
 to whom they relate.) 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 19 
 
 Sec. 10. All ministers of the Church are appointed by the board of Elders 
 ot the Northern Diocese of the United Brethren's Church, to labor 
 in the various congregations, and are subject to the same, of being 
 removed, or dismissed from office, if circumstances should require or 
 make it necessary. — 
 
 Sec. 11. The ministers of each congregation are appointed to watch over 
 the internal affairs of their respective congregations, to minister to 
 them with the Word and Sacraments, to attend to the special care of 
 souls, and to advise if required, in external concerns, avoiding by all 
 means, all appearances of exercising lordship over the brethren and 
 Bisters committed to their care. — 
 
 Sec. 12. In all cases, whenever any difference arises between a minister and 
 the Congregation which he serves, the whole subject shall be submitted 
 to the board of the Provincial Elders' Conference, (either by the min- 
 ister or the directing board of such congregation) whose duty it shall 
 be to investigate all such differences between the parties and give a 
 final decision upon the same. 
 
 Sec. 13. No candidate for the ministry in the Brethren's Church can be ac- 
 cepted or appointed before he has been duly examined by the board 
 of Elders of the Provincial Conference and has given such testimo- 
 nials and other requisites, as the Synod may direct. Nor shall any 
 person be ordained until he shall have subscribed the following decla- 
 ration : 
 
 ,' I do believe the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament 
 to be the Word of God, and to contain all things necessary to salva- 
 tion ; and I do solemnly engage to conform to the doctrines and wor- 
 ship of the United Brethren's Church in the Northern Diocese of 
 the United States of America." 
 
 Conclusion. 
 
 All members of the United Brethren's Church are bound before God, to 
 keep and observe the above statutes, and no one, whoever he may be, can 
 exempt himself under any pretence whatever. An unalterable principle 
 however in the United Brethren's Church is this, that in all things relating 
 to our inward and outward constitution, our discipline, regulations and rules 
 which are not indispensably necessary or essential, that is, for which we have 
 not clear and distinct directions from the Holy Scriptures, we may alter and 
 amend from time to time, under the guidance of our only wise (,'tod and Sa- 
 viour Jesus Christ, to whom be honor and glory from everlasting to everlast- 
 ing. I 
 
 Br. Lennert moved that the paper be received, and laid on the table, to be 
 afterwards referred to the appropriate committee. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, — That a committee of — members be appointed 
 
 1. On Constitution and Church Government, and all mat- 
 ters relating to chapter 4 Synodal Results of 1847. 
 
 2. On Finance — chapter 5. 
 
 3. On Internal arrangements of the several cong. chap. 6. 
 
 4. On the use of the Lot — chapter 7. 
 
 5. On Education — chapter 8. 
 
 6. On Home Missions — chapter 10. 
 
20 JOURNAL OF THE PROTINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz offered the following resolutions as amendment : 
 
 "Resolved 1. — That a committee of — members be appointed 
 whose duty it shall be to take into consideration the whole 
 subject of Church Publications, 
 
 2. — That the first duty of this committee shall be to 
 take into consideration the expediency of commencing as 
 soon as possible, the publication of a weekly church paper. 7 ' 
 
 This amendment was accepted by the mover — and the original resolution 
 as amended adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Shultz, a Committee in reference to Foreign Missions 
 was added, and on motion it was resolved that it shall consist of five mem- 
 bers. — 
 
 On motion it was 
 
 "Resolved, That the Committee on Constitution and Church 
 G-evernment consist of seven members. — 
 
 Br. Bleck next moved that the election of the Committee on Constitution 
 and Church Government be by nomination and ballot. Agreed to. — 
 
 After the nominations had been made, Synod proceeded to ballot, and up- 
 on count of the vote, it appeared that 53 votes were cast, of which 
 
 Br. Bigler received 37 — Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon.) 34 
 
 Br. Reinke (Litiz.) 33— Br. Shultz 28 
 
 Thereupon these brethren were declared to be duly elected. 
 
 On motion Synod adjourned, after singing ; 
 
 " iajj attcs tt>a$ vcrbanfcclt nnrfc," it. f. t». 
 
 FOURTH SESSION. 
 
 2 o'clock, p. m. — 53 members present, 
 
 Sung : " We sinners humbly crave." &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Bigler. 
 
 The President announced the election of three brethren, to complete the 
 " Committee on Constitution aud Church Government," as now in order 
 
 Br. Bahnson, representative of P. H. C. of Wachovia, asked Synod, 
 whether they would regard a verbal statement on his part, sufficient to con-* 
 vey the wishes of said conference, as he had not been furnished with 
 written documents. 
 
 Synod consented to accept the verbal statement of the brother. 
 
 Synod proceeded to ballot for the three brethren to complete the " Com- 
 mittee on Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 Upon counting the vote it appeared that fifty votes had been cast, and 
 that no brother had received a majority of all the votes. 
 
JOBRNAT, OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 21 
 
 On motion of Br. Bigler, it was agr3ed that the three brethren who had re- 
 ceived the highest number of votes, should be declared duly elected. The 
 brethren 
 
 Blickensderfer (Dover) with 22 votes. 
 
 Goepp - " 21 " 
 
 Eberman (Nazareth) " 20 " 
 
 were accordingly declared elected. 
 
 Synod proceeded to the election of the " Committee on Finance." 
 
 Br. Holland moved that said Committee consist of five members. Agreed 
 to. Whereupon Synod proceeded to ballot. On counting the vote it ap- 
 peared that fifty-one votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Rice received 43 Br. Goepp 31 
 
 " Jordan 38 " Tschudy 26 
 
 Whereupon these brethren were declared to be duly elected. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle (Bethl'm) it was agreed that the brother having 
 the next highest number of votes, be the fifth member of the Committee. 
 
 Br. Clark with eighteen votes was accordingly elected. 
 
 Synod proceeded to the election of the " Committee on the Internal Ar- 
 rangements of Congregations." 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the President appoint said committee, and al- 
 so the remaining ones, and that he announce them to-morrow morning. 
 
 Br. Holland moved to amend "excepting the Committee on Education." 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen, the appointment of a " Committee of five on 
 Doctrine and Ritual of the Church" was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, the blanks for the different committees were 
 filled in as follows ; viz : Five for the " Committee on Internal Arrangements 
 of Congregations." — Seven for the " Committee on the Use of the Lot." — « 
 Ten for the " Committee on Home Missions." — Five for the " Committee 
 on Church Publications," — and five for the "Committee on Foreign Missions." 
 
 Br. Holland moved that a committee of five on Education be elected by 
 ballot. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved to amend the number to nine, — and the motion 
 so amended was agreed to. — Whereupon Synod proceeded to ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that fifty-two votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Schweinitz received 43 Br. Kampman 33 
 
 " Wolle (Bethl'm) 41 " Holland 32 
 
 " Shultz 37 " Hagen 27 
 
 Br. Reinke (Staten Island) 27 votes. 
 
 These brethren having a majority of all the votes were declared to be du- 
 ly elected. 
 
 The brethren Bigler and Reichel each with twenty-three votes, having 
 the next highest number were declared the complement of the Commit- 
 
'22 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, That the Secretary cause an alphabetical list of 
 the members of the Synod to be made, and deliver the 
 same to the " Committee on Printing/' who shall cause — 
 copies thereof to be printed ; to be in readiness when the 
 yeas and nays shall be called on any question." 
 
 The resolution was adopted, and one hundred copies were ordered to be 
 printed. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl'm) moved that Br. Eugene Greider from the West In- 
 dia Mission, be admitted as advisory member of this Synod. Agreed to. 
 
 On motion, Synod adjourned, after singing. 
 
 FIFTH SESSION. 
 Friday, May 4th, 82 o'clock a. m. — 57 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Own thy congregation," &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Seidel. 
 
 Texts of the day read. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the minutes as read were adopted. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz offered the following resolution : — 
 
 "Resolved, That the journal of this Synod, as adopted from 
 day to day, be printed." 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to amend as follows : 
 
 " Strike out all after the word "Resolved," and insert " That a Commit- 
 tee of three be appointed to revise and prepare the minutes of Synod for 
 publication, and present, the same as revised to the Synod for approval, be- 
 fore final adjournment of this body." — Lost. 
 
 The question having been taken on the original resolution, it was adopted. 
 
 The President announced the following Committees : — 
 
 Committee ox the Use of the Lot. 
 
 The seven brethren, Eberman, Rauch, 
 
 Kampman, Busse, 
 
 Schweinitz, Blickensderfer, (Dover) 
 Clauder. 
 
 Committee on Church Publications. 
 
 The five brethren, Seidel, Clauder, 
 
 Shultz, Jordan, 
 
 Harvey. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 Committee on Home Missions. 
 
 The ten brethren, Seidel, Reed, 
 
 Shultz, Clark, 
 
 Schweinitz, Perkin, 
 
 Bachman, Rickert, 
 
 Barstow, Peisert. 
 
 Committee on Foueirn Missions. 
 
 The five hrethren, Shultz, Regenass. 
 
 Oehler, Reinke (Statcn Island) 
 
 Kuramer. 
 
 The President having suggested the propriety of increasing the "Committee 
 on Internal Arrangements," and the " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual," 
 
 On motion of Br. Shultz, the former was increased to ten, and on motion 
 of Br. Bleck, the latter was increased to nme. 
 
 On motion, Synod took a recess of fifteen minutes. 
 
 On Synod's resuming business, Br. Kampman announced a Memorial, 
 and on his motion it was laid on the table, to be taken up and read, the 
 first thing in the afternoon. — 
 
 Br. Heckert offered the following resolution : — 
 
 " Resolved, That no brother shall speak more than twice, nor 
 longer than ten minutes at each time on any question, with- 
 out leave of Synod ; which leave shall be granted or re- 
 fused without debate." 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the resolution was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to take up Br. Goepp's resolutions, and refer them to a 
 special committee of three. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved to amend "that Synod take up Br. Goepp's resolu- 
 tions." Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, Br. Goepp's resolutions were referred to a special 
 committee of three. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that all communications to Synod be now presented, 
 and that the same be called for from the different congregations in regular 
 order. Agreed to. 
 
 Whereupon the President called upon the delegates of the several con- 
 gregations. 
 
 The delegate from Litiz had no communications to submit. 
 
 The delegation from Nazareth had none, but Br. Lennerl offered the fol- 
 lowing preamble and resolutions : — 
 
24 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 " Inasmuch as frequent reference is made in the charter of the Bethle- 
 hem Congregation to the Constitution and Rules of the northern sec- 
 tion of the Church of the United Brethren in the United States of Amer- 
 ica, and as by a resolution of Synod of 1849 (Part II. § 8) " every 
 Charter of any of our congregations must contain such or sim- 
 ilar clause, that nothing be done byjsuch congregation contrary to 
 the said rules and constitution ;" therefore 
 
 Resolved 1. That for the instruction of Synod the President lay before 
 the same said rules and constitution of the northern section of the 
 Church of the United Brethren, in the United States of America. 
 
 Resolved 2. That if such rules and constitution of the northern sec- 
 tion of the Church of the United Brethren in the United States 
 to which reference is made, be not in existence otherwise than what 
 is contained in the Synodal Results of the General Synods of the 
 Brethren's Church, or of the Provincial Synods of '47 and '49, then 
 this Synod shall consider it one of its chief duties to frame such a 
 constitution, and draft such rules for its adoption and for the future 
 Government of the Church in the northern Diocese. 
 
 Resolved 3. That such constitution and rules shall not be inconsistent 
 with, nor contrary to the fundamental principles as laid down in the 
 results of the General Synods of the Brethren's Church." 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, this preamble and resolutions were referred to 
 the " Committee on Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 Br. Bigler of the New York delegation, by consent, read the following 
 communication to Synod from the New York congregation : — 
 
 "The committee appointed by the congregation at their general meeting 
 held on Wednesday evening the 31st ultimo, to take into considera- 
 tion and report on such subjects as in their judgment might be deem- 
 ed desirable to lay before the Provincial Synod to be convened at 
 Bethlehem on the 2nd of May next, beg leave to submit the follow- 
 ing as the result of their deliberations : — 
 
 In view of the present state, the acquirements, and the future prosperity 
 of our Church in the United States, it is the opinion of the congre- 
 gation that the Church in its government, canons, and legislative ca- 
 pacity, should undergo a thorough change. It believes that the time 
 has fully come, when the church here should be entirely free, inde- 
 pendent and untrammeled by any extraneous body in its civil and ec- 
 clesiastical affairs. — It believes that no measure short of this, can 
 give to the church spiritual life, vigor, and activity within, and place 
 it in a proper condition to carry out the intention and designs of our 
 blessed Redeemer and Saviour of the world, in the work of evan- 
 gelizing the people and in the extension of his kingdom in this coun- 
 try. The experience of a century has fully shown, that a govern- 
 ment centred in the heart of Europe, where the language, laws, cus- 
 toms, habits and genius of the people, are most essentially different 
 from those prevailing here, cannot with the most sincere intentions, 
 either understand or properly provide for our wants and exigencies, 
 and that even were it possible, the distance is too great to act always, 
 if ever, with sufficient promptitude. 
 
 ft would recommend and advise, in view of these important considerations, 
 that the whole church in this country, north, south, east, and west, 
 should unite in a general convention at a central point, at an early 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 25 
 
 period, so that a plan of government, and a code of Jaws or constitu- 
 tion may be arrived at and settled upon, as shall be adapted to the re- 
 quirements of each and every quarter of the church, that if possible it 
 may be unanimously and harmoniously adopted. 
 
 It would further observe, that whatever action is now suggested, is to be re- 
 garded as merely preliminary and provisional, and intended to result in 
 unity, and in the formation of plans which shall form it basis and ma- 
 terials for a General Synod to work out, elaborate and mature. 
 
 in this view the congregation present the following suggestions ; viz : That 
 as the government of the church in this country, as it has hitherto been 
 conducted by conferences elected or otherwise, sitting from Synod to 
 Synod, has evidently failed to procure permanency and prosperity to 
 the character and institutions of the church, we should pray the Synod 
 to consider, whether the whole system of church government in this 
 country might not with great profit, undergo an entire change and re- 
 construction. Whether 
 
 I st. The Church might not for the sake of convenience, economy, and sec- 
 tional necessities be divided into three provinces, viz : northern, western, 
 and southern, each one of which shall be entitled to its separate govern- 
 ment, for conducting and administering its local and internal affairs. — 
 That each province, including the Home missionary congregations, 
 whose anomalous position it is thought ought to be changed, so that 
 they might be regarded as belonging to the same category, and having 
 the same privileges and immunities as other congregations, be regarded 
 as a distinct diocese, and be presided over by a bishop, the choice of 
 whom shall be determined by an election of the congregations which 
 compose the province or diocese. 
 
 Thus to advance the interests, welfare and happiness not only of the 
 single province, but of the whole church at large, by elevating and pro- 
 moting the office and duties of a bishop, who could be more actively 
 and extensively employed in the spiritual affairs of the church. That 
 besides the peculiar function of ordination, he might likewise be an 
 -overseer of the flock of Christ, a visitor, and promoter of love, unity, 
 and activity in the congregations assigned to his jurisdiction. — 
 
 2nd, That each province hold an annual Synod, for the transaction of its 
 local affairs; and in order to promote unity of design and action in the 
 whole church, and for its common welfare, a general convention or Syn- 
 od be convened, every three years, to consist of a suitable number of 
 ministerial and lay delegates from each province. And if found expe- 
 dient or desirable to facilitate the business of such a General Synod or 
 Convention, that body might be divided into an Upper and Lower House. 
 The former to consist of the Bishops ex officio, and such a number of 
 presbyters as may be determined upon and elected by the whole body, 
 and the latter of ministers and lay delegates. As to the powers to be 
 exercised by these respective bodies, the congregation could not deter- 
 mine anything, but with the model of a Sister Episcopal Church before 
 them, they would suggest the following arrangement. 
 
 a, No measure should originate in the Upper House ; but it shall be 
 their province to canvass, review, and consider all measures proposed 
 by the Lower House; and if they approve them, their sanction sfeal! 
 make them laws of the church. — 
 
 4 
 
26 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 b, In case of non-concurrence in a measure thus proposed, they shall 
 return the same with their objections. — 
 
 c, Should the Lower House see no reason to change their views, a 
 call of both Houses shall be made, and the measure in question shall 
 become a law, with the sanction of a two-third vote of the whole body. 
 
 3d. As there exist no printed general rules or laws of the church, except 
 such as are in the form of " Synodal Results," and these only few in 
 number, and mostly in the German language, and consequently access- 
 ible to a very small number of our members, and to none out of .the 
 church, it is proposed that the Constitution and Laws of the church be 
 duly digested, codified and published in a convenient form for general 
 circulation, so that there may be no uncertainty, secrecy, or misappre- 
 hension, concerning them. 
 
 In this connection also, the congregation would suggest the propriety 
 and necessity of a uniform standard of public worship to be agreed 
 upon, especially with reference to our unexceptionable Litany, hymns, 
 and hymn-tunes, as well as in the administration of the Holy Sacra- 
 ments; and that it be incumbent upon every minister and congregation 
 to adopt and use it. 
 
 4th. Long experience having fully shown that the use of the Lot may be 
 much abused and misapplied, instances of which may perhaps readily 
 recur to all ; so that the requisite faith and confidence in the institution 
 has become much impaired, and conscientious scruples may be enter- 
 tained about its continued application ; it is suggested whether it may 
 not be safely and profitably dispensed with, in the future administration 
 of the affairs and government of the church. It is believed that other 
 and more customary methods may be substituted for the same purposes, 
 which may combine all its recommendations without any of its objec- 
 tions. — 
 
 Additional informal suggestions : — 
 
 a, If the lot be used at all, let it be personal and direct, and only on 
 application of the individual concerned. 
 
 b, The appointing power may be safely vested in the House of Bish- 
 ops and Presbyters, to be employed only when they are in session at 
 the triennial synod or convention. — 
 
 *th. That as it is of the utmost importance that the Church be supplied 
 with a thoroughly educated, carefully trained and pious ministry, it be 
 recommended that the Theological Seminary receive most vigilant at- 
 tention, that suitable means and inducements be" employed to encour- 
 age our young students to remain faithful to the church, and that facili- 
 ties be offered to pious and promising youths of our congregations to 
 enter the ministry. And, inasmuch as the church has lost the services 
 of talented and useful young men, in consequence of the restriction 
 laid upon them to contract marriage only with members of the Breth- 
 ren's church, it is the opinion of the congregation that such restriction 
 should be removed, so that they may be allowed to marry persons of es- 
 tablished piety belonging to other denominations. — And further that it 
 be recommended that means be taken for the separation of the Prepar- 
 ands from the pupils of Nazareth Hall, and that both the Preparand 
 and Student classes with their respective Professors form the Seminary 
 of the church. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. Zi 
 
 It is also recommended that the Library of the Theological Seminary 
 be gradually augmented and well furnished with suitable books, in ac- 
 cordance with a resolution of the last Provincial Synod, and for which 
 purpose an annual appropriation of $30 was made. 
 
 6th. As the name or title of our church is much misunderstood, and has 
 given rise to frequent and curious inquiries, which could not always be 
 satisfactorily answered, and as it is often confounded with a numerous 
 sect in the West, also styling themselves ' United Brethren,' it is sug- 
 gested whether this title might not be changed, for that of the " Mora- 
 vian Episcopal Church" in the United States of America. 
 
 7th. In order that the church in its doctrine, liturgy and discipline, in its 
 Missionary labors at home and abroad, and in the excellent institutions 
 of learning which it fosters, may become more generally known, and 
 more extensively useful in this country, it is suggested that a Weekly 
 Church Newspaper be established. 
 
 8th. The congregation are aware that a separation from the government 
 of the Mother Church in Germany, such as is contemplated by the 
 suggestions here offered, will be encompassed with many and great 
 difficulties, especially such as may arise out of our financial and prop- 
 erty relations. — But they entertain the hope and feel the assurance that 
 they may all be equitably and satisfactorily surmounted. That in the 
 division there will be but a transfer of property interest from one branch 
 of the church to the other. The eventual destination and purpose will 
 be the same ; the same interests will be served, and the same blessed 
 cause will be advanced. 
 
 9th. Finally, Resolved, That our attachment to the Brethren's church, the 
 church of our fathers, is most deep and sincere, and that in the sugges- 
 tions contained in this paper, we are not prompted by a spirit of fault- 
 finding, but solely by a desire to advance the interests and prosperity of 
 our beloved Zion, in reference to which we can adopt the language of 
 the pious Jew, and say " If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right 
 hand forget her cunning — if I do not remember Zion, let my tongue 
 cleave to the roof of my mouth." — 
 
 All of which is submitted, 
 
 David Bigler, Chairman. 
 Abraham B. Clark. 
 Abraham Van Pelt. 
 Henri Neidinger. 
 Andrew G. Binninger, Sec. 
 
 Rtsolved, that the above preamble and resolutions having been severally 
 voted upon and unanimously adopted, the whole is now presented as 
 expressive of the views and feelings of the congregation, and that it be 
 so ordered. 
 
 D. Bigler, Chairman. 
 Abrm. B. Clark, Secr'y. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that Br. Bigler resolve the communication into its differ- 
 ent resolutions, and that these then be respectively referred to the commit- 
 tees empowered to take cognizance of the same. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to amend " that the document be at once referred to the 
 different committees." Agreed to. 
 
28 
 
 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Tschudy moved " that Synod extend a special invitation to Br. Ben- 
 ade, to attend and participate in the deliberations of th« same." Agreed to, 
 
 On motion, Synod adjourned'; after singing : 
 
 " .£crr, fcgnc wa$ id) tfyuc," it. f. w. 
 
 SIXTH SESSION. 
 Friday, 2 p. m. — 50 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Highly favored congregation," &c. — Prayer by Br. Lennert, 
 
 The President, in behalf of Br. Benade, returned heartfelt thanks to Syn« 
 od for the special invitation to attend its sessions and participate in its de- 
 liberations ; and expressed regret at being necessitated to decline, on ac- 
 count of indisposition. 
 
 On leave, Br. Bleck submitted to Synod an amended form of Br. Goepp's 
 resolutions, as follows : — 
 
 Whereas, the Unity's Elders' Conference in Berthelsdorf have 
 officially declared their willingness to take the necessary 
 steps for the convocation of a general Synod of the United 
 Brethren's Church, either in 1857, '58 or '59, in case the 
 results of this present Provincial Synod should be of such 
 a nature as in their opinion, constitutionally to warrant the 
 taking of such steps, Therefore be it Resolved* 
 
 1. That this present Provincial Synod is authorized, to take 
 the whole of the constitution and principles of the United 
 Brethren's Church into mature and prayerful consideration, 
 and to pass resolutions relating to the same, either sanction- 
 ing the resolutions of former Synods, or modifying and al- 
 tering the same, or substituting entirely new ones, and that 
 this present Synod, as to its deliberations, is not limited by 
 any reference to the existing rules and constitution of our 
 Church, otherwise than may be deemed good and necessary 
 by the Synod itself. 
 
 2. That the principles and rules of the constitution of our 
 Church proposed and resolved upon by this present Synod, 
 be embodied into a full »eport, and that those of them, 
 which under our present constitution cannot be carried out 
 nor acted upon, unless approved of either by the Unity's 
 Elders' Conference, or by a General Synod of our Church, 
 be laid before the Unity's Elders' Conference at Berthels- 
 dorf. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 29 
 
 3. That the results of this present Synod be printed in Eng- 
 lish and German, for the use of the members of our Church, 
 but that the resolutions, excepting such as may go into 
 force forthwith without being constitutionally subject to 
 the s& notion either of the Unity's Elders' Conference, or 
 of a General Synod, be not held conclusive, but subject to 
 revision, sanction, or modification by another Provincial 
 Synod to be convened in the fall of the year 1856. 
 
 4. That as soon as may be after the commencement of the 
 sittings of the Synod, a brother be appointed, whose duty 
 shall be to prepare a report embodying the resolutions of 
 the Synod under their proper heads, and to lay the same 
 before the Synod for its approval. 
 
 Br. Goepp accepted the modifications. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz objecting to the erasion of the last two clauses of 1st Res- 
 olution, it was agreed that they be retained. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleek, the resolutions as amended, were referred to the 
 same committee of three. 
 
 Br. Kampman communicated to Synod, the following 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 Respecting the Essential Characteristics of the Brethren's Unity ; 
 presented to the Provincial Synod, held at Bethlehem, Penna., 
 May, 1855. 
 
 To the Brethren composing the Northern Provincial Synod of 
 
 the Brethren's Church in the American Branch of the 
 
 Unitas Fratrum. 
 
 Dear Brethren, 
 
 The American Branch of the Brethren's Unity has, as you 
 all know, in the course of the last three years, been serious- 
 ly agitated by a variety of conflicting opinions respecting 
 the Essential Characteristics of the Brethren's Church and 
 the peculiar mission of that church in America, which have 
 not only slightly shaken, but even violently threatened to 
 overturn the fabric of our whole church- system. 
 
 With this singular fact before our eyes, and a mournful feel- 
 ing in our heart, that the members of one and the same 
 church should not agree among themselves as to what con- 
 stitutes the life and spirit of their union in one church -bo- 
 dy, we regarded it as a most solemn duty which we owe to 
 
30 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ourselves, to the Brethren's Unity, and to every man be- 
 side, to give as clear and satisfactory a reason for our own 
 adherence to this particular branch of the Christian Church, 
 as it is possible for us to do. 
 
 The essential characteristics of a church, and its peculiar mis- 
 sion must, of course, find their counterpart in the spirit of 
 each individual member of that church, or they can not be 
 developed and carried out in the life and acts of the whole 
 church body. Am I a Moravian ? and, Why ? The an- 
 swer to these questions must contain a full and unequivocal 
 exposition .of the Essential Characteristics and peculiar 
 Mission of the Moravian Church. And to do this, as in 
 the sight of Grod, has been the sole object of our thoughts 
 and wishes, our hopes and fears, our premises and conclu- 
 sions in the following paper, which we respectfully lay at 
 the feet of our brethren for their hearty consideration ; 
 praying them to correct the erroneous views, into which, 
 for want of light, we may unconsciously have fallen, and 
 to supply whatever they, in their better judgments, shall 
 find to be wanting; that we may hereafter be enabled to fill 
 our place and pursue our calling in the American Branch 
 of the Brethren's Unity more effectually than heretofore. 
 
 Your truth seeking brother, 
 
 Lewis F. Kampman. 
 Bethlehem, Pa. 
 
 (Great Sabbath) April 7th 1855. 
 
 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS 
 
 OF 
 
 THE BRETHREN'S UNITY. 
 
 1st. The Word op the Cross. 
 
 Whoever is acquainted with the history of the Brethren's 
 Church knows that the old Moravian branch of the Unitas 
 Fratrum was not renewed and remodeled by the designing 
 hand of man, but that it put on new strength and took its 
 present position in the body of Christ (which is His whole 
 church, visible and invisible) by the will of the Lord 
 alone. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 31 
 
 Herrnhut, in Saxony, was the birth-place of the Renewed 
 Church of the Unitas Fratruni (which, for brevity's sake, 
 we term the Moravian Church) ; and not the descendants 
 of the ancient Moravian Brethren only, but zealous adhe- 
 rents of other portions of the Christian Church composed 
 the ingredients of that mother-congregation of the present 
 Moravian Church. 
 
 As the spirit and discipline of the congregation at Herrnhut 
 became rapidly known beyond the immediate neighborhood 
 of the Hutberg, (for the city set upon a hill could not be 
 hid), so did the desire for connection with the Renewed 
 Church of the Unitas Fratrum arise and spread amongst 
 awakened souls in all the leading Protestant denomina- 
 tions of Germany, England and America. Not the dead, 
 but the living, members of the body of Christ scattered 
 here and there throughout the most enlightened portions 
 of Christendom sought communion with the " little flock" 
 at Herrnhut. Congregations and societies were therefore 
 speedily organized upon the basis and after the model of 
 the Moravian church at Herrnhut. And some of these 
 continue to the present day. 
 
 What was it, we ask, that drew the attention of the enlight- 
 ened and awakened members of the various national and 
 separatistic churches of Europe and America to the newly 
 arisen church of the Brethren ? What did these diversely 
 trained and strongly opinionated adherents of other per- 
 suasions find in the quiet, unobtrusive Moravian brother- 
 hood not only curious enough to attract their observation, 
 but enticing enough to draw them into union with it ? 
 
 They found that " bond of perfectness," that love to Christ 
 and His brethren so practically developed there in all the 
 beauty of Christian holiness as they could not find it in 
 the other churches to which they belonged. They found a 
 congregation of Jesus, not merely as they had already felt 
 in their own souls that it ought to be, but as they now 
 learned that it can be. They found their long buried hopes 
 and secret wishes for a true and living church of Christ in 
 the flesh realized. They saw and confessed that it was 
 possible for christmn men, women and children to compose 
 a congregation of believers which should be a living " epis- 
 tle of Christ known and read of all men," as an unimpeach- 
 able witness for Jesus and a striking representation of those 
 glories promised when once there shall be but " one flock and 
 one shepherd" known throughout the length and the breadth 
 of the church of Christ. 
 
32 JOURNAL OE THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 What secret power did the Brethren wield? — what hidden 
 treasure had they opened to the light of all the christian 
 world ? — what new spring of divine truth had they discov- 
 ered ? — what especial grace gave them such preeminence 
 and superiority in overcoming the infirmities of human na- 
 ture — that their fellow christians out of every other part 
 of Christendom are charmed, enriched, revived and strength- 
 ened by connection with them ? Behold the wonder, and 
 adore ! They found it in the Blood and Wounds of Jesus. 
 
 The Lord was pleased to raise up for them, and through them 
 for His church, a man in whom the love of a John was 
 combined with the faith of a Peter and the devotedness of 
 a Paul, to lead the way for them to these arcana of the 
 christian Faith. That man was Zinzendorf. Having 
 tasted and enjoyed the grace, having proved and experienc- 
 ed the power, of the blood and wounds of Jesus to make 
 men truly blessed both in this life and the life to come ) 
 having found therein the true centre and perfection of all 
 holiness and love ; how could the brethren avoid according 
 to the human instrument that just measure of respect and 
 gratitude which they felt that they owed him, under God ? 
 If the G-alatians would have plucked out their own eyes, 
 had it been possible, and have given them to their spiritual 
 father in Christ ; shall we wonder that the Moravians so 
 honored the man who taught them how to apprehend the 
 all saving and all-sanctifying blood and wounds of Jesus ? 
 
 Yet, are not the Blood and Wounds of Jesus the sum and 
 substance of the doctrine of every other portion of the 
 christian church, as well as of the Moravian ? — Theoreti- 
 cally they are : and therefore the Moravian church in truth 
 professes, and in justice demands, not to be regarded as a 
 sect or separate portion of the church of Christ ; nor can 
 her living members (as must be evident to every reflecting 
 and unprejudiced mind) be sundered from all true christ- 
 ians, to whatever denomination they may chance to belong. 
 
 But, practically, we do differ in doctrine from all other de- 
 nominations, in our making the blood and wounds of Jesus 
 to the tvhole of our teaching ; whilst this Blood-theology 
 (as we Moravians term it) constitutes but a part of the 
 teachings of our sister churches, which insist (some more, 
 some less) upon other matters in addition to this " founda- 
 tion of the apostles and prophets." 
 
 It needs but little insight into the unsettled condition and of- 
 ten antagonistical position of the various portions of the 
 Protestant Church — (not to say anything of the Roman 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 83 
 
 Catholic and Greek churches) to convince any man in his 
 sound senses that each and all of them must have some 
 certain object besides the cross of Christ to which they 
 cling, and but for which they must and would " all be 
 one." For, " Is Christ divided f" 
 
 iNow, whilst they all differ amongst themselves, and would 
 feign regard the Moravian Church as differing from them 
 too, we can say, to the praise of Him who hath made our 
 little church to the doorkeeper, as it were, of that treasury 
 of Christian union — the Blood and Wounds of Jesus, — Ye 
 are all our brethren and cannot separate yourselves from "us 
 until we separate ourselves from Christ. 
 
 Wherefore we behold in the divisions and schisms of the Chris- 
 tian church a necessity for our preserving the Word of the Cross, 
 the Blood-theology, as the first and most essential character- 
 istic of our Brethren s Unity, until the day is here when 
 all the rest of the christian world will come and sit down 
 with us at the wounds of Jesus, likewise " determined not 
 to know any thing among" men " save Jesus Christ and 
 Him crucified." 
 
 Our American branch of the TJnitas Fratrum has, therefore, 
 in common with the whole Moravian Church, not to com- 
 pare herself with other churches (she is incomparable), 
 nor to seek after conformity with them (she conforms to 
 none but Christ) j she is not to stumble at the fewness of 
 her members, nor to pride herself upon her littleness : but 
 taking heed to the light that is in her, and watching against 
 every spirit that is anti-Christ, let her put away from her 
 midst whatever does not savor of the Blood and Wound? 
 of Jesus, and she will no doubt then present to every true 
 believer's heart and eye that bright ideal of the " Bride of 
 the Lamb," which all her living members desire to have 
 verified. 
 
 II. COVENANTING. 
 
 It is a truth universally admitted by Christians of every 
 name, that all true believers in Christ are begotten again, 
 enlightened, sanctified, and preserved in the faith, united 
 in one spiritual body, the church, and sealed together unto 
 life eternal by one and the self-same Spirit, in virtue of the 
 Saviour's blood. The doctrine of " one holy cathol 
 church" is assented to by all, however different the opin 
 5 
 
 LC 
 
34 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ions may be respecting the visible representation of the 
 " one body and one spirit" in the christian churches here 
 upon earth. Every child of God believes that the Saviour's 
 prayer has been, and is still being, answered, although the 
 sight of its perfect fulfillment is not allowed to us yet. 
 " Neither pray I for these" (the apostles) " alone," says 
 Jesus, " but for them also which shall believe on me 
 through their word ; that they all may he one ; as thou, 
 Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one 
 in us : that the world may believe that thou hast sent me. 
 And the glory which thou gavest me I have given them ; 
 that they may be one even as we are one : I in them, and 
 thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one ; and 
 that the world may know that thou hast sent me, and hast 
 loved them, as thou hast loved me." John xvii. 20 — 23. 
 
 The history of the Christian church presents us with the most 
 lamentable spectacle of countless divisions, schisms and 
 heresies from the earliest times up to the present day. 
 And were such not the case, we would be obliged to doubt 
 the assertions of Christ concerning His church and His 
 presence in her. The tares and the wheat must come up 
 together, the good and the bad fish must be enclosed in the 
 same net. Matth. xiii. 30. 47. 
 
 Yet the spirit of Christ is a spirit of holiness, and cannot 
 have communication with the " works of darkness." 
 Wherefore we see the church continually laboring to curb 
 or cast out her unworthy members ; and by means of coun- 
 cils, creeds, church-governments and discipline, endeavor- 
 ing to preserve the purity of her spiritual children, and 
 prevent the entrance or encroachments of the unconverted. 
 And with all the efforts made to keep him out, the enemy 
 still cometh in "as a flood." Nor can we look for his ex- 
 pulsion until the day of our Saviour's coming, when He will 
 consume that Wicked with the spirit of his mouth. (2 Thess. 
 2.8.) Such a thing, therefore, as a pure, regenerate church, in 
 which nothing unclean, or not a single unbeliever is any 
 more to be found, is an impossible case in the present con- 
 dition of the world. But so is perfect holiness. And yet 
 both are to be aimed at — individual "perfection" and a 
 church " without blemish." The latter is however secur- 
 ed in the former ; a holy temple must consist of single 
 stones, each holy in itself, and if the whole building is to 
 be one solid, indivisible body, when complete, then each 
 stone must be fitted and cemented in the other. Union 
 between the single members is that alone which can ensure 
 a perfect union throughout the whole church. In their 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 85 
 
 plan for effecting this, the Brethren ^adopted a system, 
 which, by continually reminding them of their union with 
 Christ, strengthened them in the practice of that holiness 
 and brotherly love, which were the sure bond of their union 
 with one another. 
 
 Covenanting together, at first by twos and threes, in bands 
 and classes, (commenced July 9th 1727) then in choirs or 
 as a whole congregation, was an oft repeated occurrence ; 
 and the spirit of union, the only true congregation-spirit, 
 was thus constantly enkindled and revived. The kiss of 
 peace, or the joining of hands was the recognized sign of 
 the covenant between brother and brother, or sister and sis- 
 ter, as one in Christ Jesus, the Head of the church. Love- 
 feasts and choir-days were celebrated as covenant festivals, 
 for which all were prepared by being reminded of the cov- 
 enant of love to Christ and his people, in the speakings, 
 pedilaviums, prostration meetings, and choir homilies 
 (23ierteU'3tunben), not omitting the especial occasions for 
 partaking of the cup of covenant. 
 
 Some of these customs remain at the present day ; but in our 
 American Branch of the Brethren's Unity the most of 
 them have been put in the back ground, under the plea of 
 their not being congenial to the national spirit of Ameri- 
 can Brethren. 
 
 " My kingdom," says the Saviour "is not. of this world ;" 
 and, with all respect for others' opinions, we cannot com- 
 prehend what nationality has to do with church observan- 
 ces, which are begotten of the heavenly and not of the 
 earthly spirit. What the members of Christ's church in 
 Europe observe and uphold, that must the members of 
 Christ's church in America conform to likewise, if it and 
 they proceed from one and the self-same Spirit. Rules 
 and regulations, customs and observances instituted in ac- 
 cordance with the Spirit of Christ, and having nothing else 
 in view than the edification of the different members of 
 the body of Christ among themselves as one spiritual com- 
 munity, one "household of faith/' must be exceptionable 
 in themselves if those who are of one spirit cannot unite 
 in supporting and preserving them. For our part, there- 
 fore, we do not think that the reason why choir and con- 
 gregation festivals have degenerated amongst us in this 
 portion of the globe is because we are Americans, but be- 
 cause we have lost to a great degree the covenanting char- 
 acteristic of the Brethren's Church ; and it is not over the 
 want of lovefeasts, choir regulations, and the like, that we 
 
36 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOi>. 
 
 sigh : but we lament from the heart the feebleness of that 
 bond, which must first cement individual members of the 
 church together before we can hope to see a truly " united" 
 congregation of brethren. 
 
 We stand more in need of a renewing of the covenant be- 
 tween man and man, than of a putting of heads together 
 to concoct a plan of union, so cunningly devised that saint 
 and sinner, christian and unbeliever, clean and unclean can 
 still sit peacably together under one church form and work 
 together without compromising each other's principles. 
 Away with such devices, and give us back the simplicity, 
 the truthfulness, and the open-hearted spirit of our fore- 
 fathers ! 
 
 ( 'ome, dear brethren, let us lay our hearts together and once 
 more " band" for the preservation of the churci< 
 
 HI. CHURCH DISCIPLINE. 
 
 i fc is a well known fact that the ancient church of the Unitas 
 Fratrum was distinguished for the excellency of its church- 
 discipline; and its superiority, in this respect, over all oth- 
 er portions of the christian church was openly acknowledg- 
 ed by the great Reformers of the Sixteenth Century. 
 
 It was the " s holy living" of the brethren and sisters in the 
 various congregations of the Renewed Church of the Uni- 
 tas Fratrum, that won the admiration and drew forth the 
 applause of true children of God throughout the christian 
 world. It was this peculiar feature of the Moravian 
 Church, that provoked the envious rage of nominal christ- 
 ians, and exposed the "Jlittle flock" to the persecuting ha- 
 tred of Satan and his adherents. 
 
 However, the rules and regulations of the congregation at 
 Ilerrnhut, the public and private meetings of the Brethren, 
 their choirs, and their "bands," the internal and external ar- 
 rangements of their peculiar economy, in short all that be- 
 longed to the constitution, government and especial cure of 
 souls in the church of the Unitas Fratrum was subjected 
 to the most rigid scrutiny of both the friends and the ene- 
 mies of the Brethren ; and the result was, a complete and 
 triumphant vindication of the excellence and superiority of 
 their Church Discipline, together with a candid acknowl- 
 edgment that there was nothing pertaining thereto which 
 could not be safely allowed and conscientiously observed by 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 87 
 
 every member of the church of Christ. The decision of 
 the Lord, given " by lot" to the brethren at Herrnhut on 
 the 7th of January 1731, was confirmed anew by the con- 
 cordant testimony of civil and ecclesiastical authorities in 
 christian lands. Hence we, to this day, have been mindful 
 of the will of God respecting the Discipline of the Renew- 
 ed Church of the Unitas Fratrum, and still adhere to the 
 command whichj our Fathers received, " Therefore breth- 
 ren, stand fast, and hold the traditions which ye have been 
 taught." 2 Thess. 2. 15. 
 
 This is therefore the jewel which the Lord himself hath 
 deposited in the safe-keeping of the Brethren's Unity, 
 through the keeping of which she herself is preserved from 
 weakness, decay and death. For this object we hold in 
 doctrine to the crucified Jesus alone, and E for this end we 
 covenant between ourselves, and with the Lord — that we 
 " may grow up into Him in all things, which is the Head, 
 even Christ : from whom the whole body fitly joined to- 
 gether and compacted by that which every joint supplieth, ac- 
 cording to the effectual working in the measure of every 
 part, maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of it- 
 self in love." Ephes. iv. 15, 16. 
 
 The church being "the body of Christ," "the fulness of 
 Him that filleth all in all," Ephes. i. 23, each christian 
 should desire to have his body, soul and spirit kept in such 
 a state that he may have continual access to the fulness of 
 Christ, and thus be enabled to grow into the image, and at- 
 tain unto the full stature, of the perfect man in Jesus. 
 Herein lies the virtue and blessedness of an apostolic, ho- 
 ly, faith, love and hope supporting church Discipline. It 
 enables us to be helpers of each other's joy, according to 
 the gospel precept, " Bear ye one another's burdens, and 
 so fulfil the law of Christ," Gralat. vi. 2. When admin- 
 istered and observed in the right spirit, it is the " fan" in 
 the hand of the Lord, wherewith He purges his floor, and 
 separates the wheat from the chaff. For only such as are 
 filled with love to Christ and the brethren, and who with 
 all their heart are following after that holiness of life which 
 is the ornament of every true believer, can faithfully ad- 
 minister or thankfully receive the discipline of the Breth- 
 ren's Church. To every one who has not the spirit of 
 Christ our discipline must be intolerable. It is therefore 
 a Brotherly Agreement for the mutual growth in grace of 
 the members of the church, deriving its life and power 
 from the consent and will of the Brethren, and testifying 
 
38 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 by its exercise the measure of our union and communion 
 with Christ. 
 
 He that is possessed of unfeigned humility and has a modest 
 opinion of himself, will desire to be led into all truth : and 
 herein the excellency and perfection of the Church-Disci- 
 pline recognised by the Unitas Fratrum displays its preem- 
 inence to the discipline of every other denomination of 
 christians, that it directs and supervises every tiling that 
 concerns a brother's living in this present world. It leads 
 him in the way of holiness, and assists the labors of his 
 head, his hands, his heart ; it blesses his earthly ties, and 
 sanctifies his relation to his fellow beings. It enables him 
 to make straight paths for his feet, and helps him to keep 
 a conscience void of offence towards God and man. Hav- 
 ing his conversation in heaven, he is in constant readiness 
 for the coming of his Lord. 
 
 This was the spirit that made Herrnhut to a ^ace-congrega- 
 tion, and gave rise to so many other congregations after 
 the model of Herrnhut : and we venture the assertion, that 
 this is the only spirit that can secure the continuance of 
 any place-congregation or preserve our church as a distinct 
 community. For, when this spirit is gone, we cease to be 
 a Moravian Church ; and we thereby show too that we no 
 longer retain the first essential peculiarity of the Unitas 
 Fratrum, the doctrine of the Cross, the Blood-theology, in 
 its unmixed, all-hallowing purity. We have then left our 
 " first love," and have fallen from that grace of God which 
 was so pre-eminently bestowed upon us. 
 
 Is not the fleeting shadow of our once so vigorous and health- 
 ful choir regulations; the gradual assimilation of our breth- 
 ren and sisters to the customs and ways of the rest of man- 
 kind ) the transformation of our place-congregations into 
 open marts of the world ; the adulteration of our pure and 
 simple church music ; the aversion of so many of our peo- 
 ple to any thing in our public teaching that savors of prac- 
 tical piety ; and the prevailing disposition to cover our sins 
 with the mantle of a spurious charity instead of bringing 
 them to the light that they might be made manifest ; — is 
 not all this, and much more that might be said, a sad and 
 deplorable consequence of our perfidious recession from 
 that high and holy standard of Church Discipline, which 
 was both the glory and the crown of the Brethren's Unity ? 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 3D 
 
 IV. CHIEF ELDERSHIP OF JESUS. 
 
 That Jesus is "the Head of the body, the Church," is ac- 
 knowledged by every congregation of christians throughout 
 the world. To Him they all look up as their invisible yet 
 ever present " Master," " the Chief Shepherd and Bishop 
 of their souls, whom they all obey as their common Lord." 
 That He rules in the heart of each believer and superin- 
 tends the concerns of each congregation of his people, at 
 the same time that He governs and directs the whole 
 " household of faith," is disputed by none. All will con- 
 fess, too, that they regard the government of the Lord in 
 his church and its members as carried on through the Spir- 
 it. And therefore they are ready to start back with amaze- 
 ment, and lift up their hands in pious horror at the daring 
 assumption of a church which boldly declares that the 
 Lord presides in the midst of her elders, and directs her 
 affairs, in person. Yet this prerogative the Renewed Church 
 of the Unitas Fratrum fearlessly claims, in the face of all 
 the christian world. She points to the 16th of September 
 and the 13th of November, 1741, in attestation of the fact, 
 and produces the testimony of men, that could not lie, for 
 the truth of what she asserts. Zinzendorf and Spangen- 
 berg, Wattewille and Dober are surely no despicable wit- 
 nesses in bekilf of this momentous point j and the power- 
 ful experience which some hundreds of brethren and sis- 
 ters in the congregations of that day received in confirma- 
 tion of the Savior's office as Chief Elder of the Brethren's 
 Unity, still stands recorded on the undisputed page of his- 
 tory. The Savior condescended to take the government of 
 the Unitas Fratrum upon His shoulders, and assured his 
 anxious servants, when troubled for the want of a man to 
 watch over the peace and protect the unity of the congre- 
 gations of the Brethren, without violation of her doctrine 
 and discipline, that they might cast all their cares for the 
 welfare and guidance of that church, which can never be- 
 come a sect without abandoning its first principles, upon 
 Him. He engaged to be its Shepherd, feeding it with the 
 doctrine of his blood and wounds; its Counsellor, assisting 
 in the administration of its internal affairs ; and its Head, 
 uniting all its members in one body as a Brethren's Unity. 
 
 • This is what we understand by the Chief Eldership of 
 Jesus in the Renewed Church of the Unitas Fratrum. 
 And this office which the Savior fills in the Brethren's 
 Church, must be regarded as the key-stone in the ^ arch of 
 those essential characteristics or fundamental principles up- 
 on which the Unity depends for the preservation of its be- 
 
40 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ing amidst the changes of time and the fluctuations of hu- 
 man opinion. 
 
 Shall it be thought a stranger thing for a company of chris- 
 tians to believe that the Lord himself directs the concerns 
 of their peculiar church-division, than for the individual 
 christian to believe that the Lord has a special hand in the 
 ordering of all the circumstances of his life here upon 
 earth ? If " the Head of every man is Christ/' I. Cor. 
 11, 3, cannot Christ be the Head of every church division, 
 as well as of the whole church ? Has not Jesus said, 
 " Where two or three are gathered together in my name, 
 there am /in the midst of them/' Matt. 18, 20. " Lo, I 
 am with you alway, even unto the end of the world," Matt. 
 28, 30. ? And are not the ministers of the gospel declar- 
 ed to be " Laborers together with God," 1 Cor. 3, 9. ? — 
 What, then, if the Brethren hold fast, in the simplicity of 
 their hearts, to the word of Truth, and, with the power of 
 a living faith, take Jesus at his word — " Jam with you" — 
 and in sincerity lay themselves at his feet under an over- 
 whelming consciousness of their imperfection, humbly en- 
 treating Him to become their Chief Elder in the work they 
 have been appointed by Him to do ; and He is pleased to 
 answer their prayer and not put their faith to shame ! 
 Shall we wonder at the credulity of men, who in all other re- 
 spects were so orthodox ; or not rather admire the devotion 
 that desired to apprehend the Son of Man as the one unto 
 whom " all power is- given," " that in all things He, 
 " Jesus," might have the preeminence ?" 
 
 Either the christian churches in general, must regard the 
 Brethren as religious monomaniacs in regard to their doc- 
 trine of the Chief Eldership of Jesus, or else they must 
 imitate them, and make the Savior to their "pope" or their 
 " patriarch," their "sovereign" or "presiding bishop," 
 their "moderator" or whatever other church-officer they are 
 pleased to have for the governor of their peculiar church- 
 system. Would to God they would do so ! And not merely 
 profess to believe that they who belong to the church of Christ 
 " are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones /' 
 but openly venture to prove their faith, by recognizing His 
 personal participation in all that concerns the life and ac- 
 tion of their several organizations. Then would the divis- 
 ions of the christian church be speedily healed, and " the 
 Repairer of the breach" (Is. 58, 12.) be a praise in the 
 earth. Then the ways of Zion would'cease to mourn, and 
 the Lord should be known in the midst of his people, and 
 Ms " saving health among all nations." Then there would 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 41 
 
 be less contention about matters that do not profit to the sav- 
 ing of the soul, and instead of tearing down with one hand 
 whilst trying to build up with the other, Christians of ev- 
 ery denomination would mind more earnestly the things of 
 the Spirit and keep more closely to the word of the Lord, 
 that they might be the better enabled to know and to do 
 the will of the Lord. Instead of looking upon the congre- 
 gation or church to which we belong, as a conventional in- 
 stitution subject to the control of human thoughts and 
 wishes (more or less directed by the Spirit of God, according 
 to the measure of light and power which the members have 
 received) ; we would regard it as an inviolable part of the 
 body of Christ, in which He himself is personally interest- 
 ed. Filled with respect for this one division of the church 
 of Jesus, we would act with becoming respect towards 
 every other portion of the christian fold. Proselyting from 
 one denomination to another would soon have an end, and 
 the work of evangelizing the world would be carried pea- 
 cably and rapidly forward. Church-councils and conven- 
 tions, synods and conferences would deliberate with an eye 
 and a heart to the whole body, and not for the especial 
 purpose of advancing denominational glory. 
 
 The past history of the Moravian Church is a striking dem- 
 onstration of the deductions just made; for such has been 
 the practical experience of the Brethren during the one 
 hundred years and upward of the Chief-Eldership of Jesus. 
 How gloriously did He preserve her from making ship- 
 wreck of her faith in the sifting time (1745 to 1750) 
 and of a good conscience in the day of her financial diffi- 
 culties (1750 to 1755) ! And whilst the greatest diversi- 
 ty of opinion has at times prevailed, to the disturbing of 
 her internal peace and the threatening of her external uni- 
 ty • yet the reverence and homage for his Chief- Eldership, 
 and the acknowledgment of his personal attention to our 
 little Zion, has again and again revived their sinking hopes, 
 and caused the Brethren to lay conflicting notions at the 
 feet of Jesus, in the pacifying assurance that He would or- 
 der all things right according to the council of His perfect 
 will. What church has shown more anxiety to know the 
 will of the Lord, than she ? What church takes closer 
 cognizance of all that transpires in each separate congrega- 
 tion as well as in the whole extent of the Unity, and at 
 the same time respects and cherishes the bond of union 
 more than she ? Is not the name " Brother" a Shibbo- 
 leth amongst Brethren in every quarter of the globe ? And 
 with all their attachment to their own church, what denom- 
 6 
 
42 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ination of Christians has more respected the rights of their 
 fellow christians and felt as little desire for making prose- 
 lytes, as have the Moravians ? Their unaspiring zeal for 
 Missions scarce needs be mentioned. 
 
 These are the consequences of the Chief-Eldership of Jesus. 
 Shall He hold this office any longer in the American Branch 
 of the Brethren's Unity ? 
 
 V. THE LOT. 
 
 " Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven/' Matt. vi. 10, 
 is the heartfelt prayer of every child of God, including 
 within it not only the inclining of the heart to do God's 
 will, but the enlightening of the mind to know his will in 
 order that it m;iy be done. 
 
 In all that pertains to the everlasting salvation of the soul of 
 man, God has been pleased to make known his will unto 
 us in the Holy Scriptures. So that we have a " sure word 
 of prophecy ; whereunto we do well that we take heed, as 
 unto a light that shineth in a dark place," 2 Pet. i. 19. 
 "And whoever searches the scriptures, thinking in them to 
 have eternal life" (John v. 89), can, as one truth after an- 
 other breaks in upon his mind and heart, declare, " Thy 
 word is a lamp unto my feet and a light unto my path," 
 Ps. 119, 105. Therein he finds all that he needs to know 
 in order to be made wise unto salvation. As in the case 
 of the individual christian, so is it with the church of 
 Christ. His word is her directory. There she reads her 
 Saviour's will concerning her. Thence she draws her rule 
 of conduct ; and, deaf to the traditions of men, she only 
 desires to " hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches." 
 Eev. ii. 7. 
 
 But whilst the word of God is so replete with instructions, as 
 to be an all-sufficient guide for every believer and church 
 in respect of the " way of holiness," that one and all may 
 "walk by the same rule" and " mind the same thing;" 
 yet our special calling, place and course of life in this 
 world are not revealed to us in holy writ, and can only be 
 known by the indications of God's providence or by a con- 
 descending act of his grace. The former requires an en- 
 lightened understanding , the latter a child-like faith; and 
 both of them, like the word of God, demand unfaltering 
 obedience : and of the three — the word, the providence, 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 43 
 
 and the grace of God — it can be said, they all agree in one 
 — the will of God. 
 
 When, therefore, a believing soul is possessed with a glow- 
 ing desire to know the will of God — (and the more it is 
 filled with the Spirit, the more eager will that desire be) — 
 and cannot find direction for the moment in the providence 
 of God, it has the privilege allowed to faith — " Ask what 
 ye will, and it shall he done unto you," John xv. 7. And 
 this is our plea for the use of the lot. 
 
 No man can have read his Bible carefully from Genesis to 
 Chronicles, with an unprejudiced mind, and not confess that 
 God repeatedly made known his will, at the request of his 
 servants, in other ways than by his word and providence. 
 And if " all scripture is profitable for doctrine/' may not 
 that portion of it be, even though the exegetically learned 
 should not find a sanction for the use of the lot in the elec- 
 tion of Matthias to the apostleship, Acts i. 26 ? — The an- 
 cient church of the Brethren, therefore, employed the lot, 
 where revelation and reason pointed it out as the only 
 means left for faith to use, in obtaining the will of the 
 Lord. And the Renewed Church of the Unitas Fratrum, 
 true to its principles, embodied this practice amongst the 
 number of its essential characteristics, and has adhered 
 thereto till the present day. During the fourteen years 
 previous to the Chief-Eldership of Jesus, the brethren made 
 use of the lot ; and it is, therefore, not (as some have sup- 
 posed) an appendage to that office of the Saviour in the 
 Brethren's Unity. He governs his church by the imme- 
 diate exercise of his own will — by the direct word of his 
 power. It is presumption then in any human being, to ask 
 for a decision by lot when the will of the Lord can be 
 known through scripture or providence. And who will 
 have the temerity to maintain, that Jesus directs his church 
 by the lot alone ? Hence an indiscriminate use of the lot 
 is " folly in Israel," and will not go unpunished by the 
 Ruler of his people. The lot is not an expedient for shift- 
 ing responsibility from the shoulders of the otherfElders 
 upon those of the Chief-Elder, or for shielding the peo- 
 ple from obligation to learn their duty from the word and 
 the providence of God. 
 
 Wherefore the two simple rules governing the Brethren's 
 Church in her use of the lot, are an all sufficient guide for 
 our application of this feature of the church. Firstly, that 
 the lot shall only be made use of, when the servant (or ser- 
 
44 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 vants) of the Lord is utterly at a loss in respect of know- 
 ing the will of the Lord. And, secondly, that the lot is 
 only binding upon him (or them) who cast it. 
 
 Thus may we safely rely upon the truth of God's word, that 
 " The lot is cast into the lap ; tut the whole disposing 
 thereof is of the Lord," Prov. xvi. 33 ; and by a faithful 
 use of it, promote the peace and welfare of the church } 
 for " the lot causeth contentions to cease, and parteth be- 
 tween the mighty." Prov. xviii. 18. 
 
 How, then, can we'find it in our hearts to abolish so important 
 a privilege of the children of God ? — 
 
 VI. CONGREGATION-SPIRIT. 
 
 Compared with the rest of Christian churches, there is no 
 point of difference so strongly marked and so strikingly 
 characteristic of the peculiar modesty (falsely styled, ex- 
 clusiveness) of the Renewed Church of the Unitas Fra- 
 truni, as that which bears the name of Congregation-Spir- 
 it. For, though every converted brother is ever ready to 
 address each of his unbelieving fellow-men in the language 
 and spirit of Paul to Agrippa, " I would to God, that not 
 only thou, but also all that hear me this day, were both al- 
 most and altogether such as I am," Acts xxvi. 29 ; yet he 
 would not persuade a single christian to become a Mora- 
 vian. .^With an attachment to his own church amounting 
 almost to enthusiasm, he would not desire to detach a sin- 
 gle member of another persuasion from that division of the 
 christian church to which he belongs and bring him over 
 into the ranks of the Brethren's corps. To win souls for 
 Christ, he considers to be the unmistakable call and privi- 
 lege of the Brethren's Church ; to assist the rest of fhe 
 christian church in bringing a fallen race to the foot of the 
 cross and there behold them transformed to christians, is 
 all that he longs to accomplish. But to be a member of 
 the Brethren's Church, he regards as his own especial call 
 and privilege. 
 
 Heartily willing as the Moravians are to receive every true 
 christian into their brotherhood,- and great as their joy is at 
 welcoming new members into their bond of union, they still 
 reverentially regard it as the work of their Chief-Elder to 
 designate who shall belong a to that peculiar church which 
 He has consented to take under his special direction, and 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVTNdlAL SYNOD. 45 
 
 \vhieh has given herself up to his guidance and control. 
 Those who are born in the midst of the Brethren's Church, 
 are trained to prize the privilege and not despise their 
 birth -right. Those who would connect themselves with it, 
 must see and feel that this is the church for them, suited 
 to their spiritual wants and provided for the edification of 
 their souls by the grace of their Lord. He must have 
 lodged in their minds (through an acquaintance, of course, 
 with the doctrine and discipline of the Brethren) so ration- 
 al and yet so firm a persuasion of the excellency and per- 
 fection of the peculiar church-system of the Unitas Fra- 
 trum — and have drawn their hearts with so strong a chord 
 of love to the Congregation of the Brethren — that they 
 cannot rest until they are united with this flock of the 
 Lamb. This is what we understand by the Congregation- 
 Spirit. And every one must acknowledge that this is no 
 sectarian spirit : for it does not aim at building up a party 
 in the christian church, however much it finds its joy and 
 peace within the Unity to which it causes us so strongly to 
 adhere. It is no exalting self-complacent spirit : for it 
 feels and confesses, that it is only of grace one has ever 
 been brought into connection with this division of the 
 christian church. 
 
 It is a spirit of thankfulness, humility and love, for the priv- 
 ileges we are permitted to share in the Brethren's Unity — 
 a spirit of meekness and kindness towards all the christian 
 and unchristian world beside. It is a spirit of consecration 
 and devotedness to the Lord and his church, both in res- 
 pect of the internal life and the external activity of the 
 Unitas Fratruniw It binds the brother to his church, and 
 his church to him for evermore. It gives assurance to his 
 mind, courage to his heart, strength to his hands, and firm- 
 ness to his feet, in the believing, joyful and abiding con- 
 sciousness that he is one with the Lord and his people, in the 
 furtherance of those ends for which the Brethren's Church 
 has been ordained of God. He lives in the midst of a 
 brotherhood that has for its aim, theoretically, experimen- 
 tally and practically to know nothing amongst each other or 
 amongst other men save Jesus Christ and Him crucified. The 
 sermons that he hears, the hymns that he sings, the prayers 
 that he makes, the worship of the sanctuary, the intercourse 
 with his brethren, the discipline of the church, its simple 
 rites, its joyful ceremonies — making life so sweet and death 
 so pleasant — all, all is full of Jesus and his blood. Con- 
 tinually nourished with the word of the cross, constantly 
 inhaling the atmosphere of Grethsemane and Calvary, ever 
 
46 
 
 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 walking in the light of those glorious Wounds, he finds in 
 his church, in the fellowship of Jesus and his brethren, " a 
 heaven begun below." "• The glory of the Lord fills the 
 house;" and his heart cries out with joy and thankfulness, 
 " The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places, /have a 
 goodly heritage," Ps. 16. 6,— " Behold, how good and how 
 pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity !" Ps. 
 133. 1, — " This is my vest forever : here will I dwell ; for 
 
 1 have desired it." Ps. 132. 14. Here his heart finds all 
 that it wants, and all that it can ever hope to have till faith 
 is changed to sight ; — in the humbling, sanctifying influ- 
 ences of this church-system, he daily grows in knowledge 
 and in grace. He would not sever his connection with 
 this congregation of Jesus, for the gift of a world ; and in 
 truth he can say, " My heart is fixed, God, my heart is 
 fixed," Ps. 57. 7 ; " I dwell among mine own people." 
 
 2 Kings iv. 13. 
 
 And yet, after all, is this congregation spirit peculiar to the 
 Brethren ? Ought not, does not, must not every christian 
 feel so towards the church of his choice ? We answer 
 " Most assuredly." But whilst in others this spirit, to be 
 consistent with the principles they advocate, must find its 
 end in seeking to promote the growth of a party, in the ex- 
 tension of a particular sect or denomination of christians — 
 (and of this we do not complain, it is their calling, so to 
 say, in the present state of things) ; it only inspires the 
 heart of the Moravian for the purpose of advancing his 
 own sanctification. With them, it prompts to growth in out- 
 ward numbers ; with us, it assists the growth of inward 
 graces. With them, it is the external adorning of the 
 church body ) with us, it is the internal beautifying of 
 " the hidden man of the heart." 
 
 But here we are compelled to drop the theme : for, from amidst 
 the painful reflections that fill our mind, in view of the pre- 
 sent abominations of desolation that have long been stand- 
 ing in the courts of our beautiful house, — and through the 
 thick clouds of incense, that are daily ascending from the 
 multitude of altars, that have been placed for many a year 
 already beside the one, on which " the Lamb of God, slain 
 for the sins of the world," is still, though dimly, to be seen 
 — we seem to hear a a still small voice" exclaiming, 
 
 " Such was the spirit of a true Moravian Brother" — and we 
 sink down upon our knees with the prayer upon our lips, 
 
 " Lord, be merciful unto us ; and take not thy holy spirit 
 from us V 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 47 
 
 VII. HOURLY INTERCESSION. 
 
 The grand conception of the Brethren's Unity, was not the 
 offspring of a human mind — the finely wrought production 
 of a glowing, rich, inventive, earthly genius. 
 
 Zinzendorf, with all his rare originality of thought and hea- 
 venly fervency of feeling ; fertile as his fine imagination 
 was in vivid tropes and daring metaphors, with which to 
 picture forth the all-absorbing passion of his heart — his 
 love, to Jesus — was not the author of that glorious plan 
 which he, together with those other mighty men of faith and 
 love began to execute, when on the 12th of May 1727 they 
 laid the first beams and cemented the first stones within 
 the walls of our Moravian Zion, singing, 
 
 " Herrnhut, the Most High's own structure, 
 Built upon the grace of God." ' 
 
 None wondered more than they at the extraordinary manifes- 
 tations of God's wisdom and grace, and none were more 
 obedient than they to the recognized voice of the Spirit, in 
 all that pertained to that work of the Lord, which they 
 soon perceived that they had been called to do, — in the 
 founding, establishing and building up of the Renewed 
 Church of the Unitas Fratrum. 
 
 Those faithful-minded, earnest souls that had left their father- 
 land, for conscience' sake, to seek a place where they might 
 worship God according to the dictates of his word, and un- 
 controlled by any other spirit than the Spirit of the Lord 
 himself, were mindful of the warning rule, " Beloved, be- 
 lieve not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are 
 of God." 1 John iv. 1. Human plans were subjected to 
 the severest tests of revelation and grace ; nothing was un- 
 dertaken at a venture, however specious and seasonable it 
 might appear, unless all hearts were convinced that it was 
 in direct accordance with the mind of the Spirit, or it had 
 previously obtained the sure sanction of the Lord, by lot. 
 Thus Herrnhut was established; and the Brethren's Church, 
 under the unrestricted hand of its invisible Builder, rose 
 up a noble edifice, composed of lively, willing stones, which 
 could be easily moved and quietly deposited in their res- 
 pective places by the Spirit of the Lord, according to his 
 own good pleasure. 
 
 No better evidence of the Spirit's work in the Brethren's 
 Unity can be found, no more essential characteristic of that 
 "spiritual house" (I Peter 2, 5.) can be sought, than the 
 spirit of supplication and prayer which filled both old and 
 
48 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL BYNOD. 
 
 young in the pristine days of Herrnhut's glory, and the 
 Memorial of which is still preserved to us in the observance 
 of the 27th of August. It was on that day,, in the year 
 1727, that the Brethren undertook to kindle a fire upon the 
 altar of the Lord, which they hoped would never go out 
 as long as the Brethren's Church should exist. Then they 
 literally fulfilled the word of prophecy, " I have set watch- 
 men upon thy walls, Jerusalem, which shall never hold 
 their peace day nor night : ye that make mention of the 
 Lord, keep not silence, and give him no rest till he estab- 
 lish, and till he make Jerusalem a praise in the earth/' Is. 
 62, 6. 7, — by introducing the practice of Hourly Inter- 
 cession. Other churches aimed at making prayerful chris- 
 tians ; — these christians did not rest until they had a 
 praying church. They regarded Prayer not merely as the 
 means for obtaining a blessing, but as an end for which the 
 blessing had been given. Prayer had been given to them 
 by the Spirit of grace, and they were resolved not to lay 
 the talent by, but use it to the utmost of their faith's abil- 
 ity. " Praying always with all prayer and supplication in 
 the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance 
 and supplication for all saints," Ephes. 6. 18, they were 
 a living demonstration of the Spirit's power in conforming 
 the christian church to the perfect standard of the gospel 
 injunction, "Pray without ceasing." I Thess. 5, 17. 
 
 To us of the present day the ways of our forefathers may ap- 
 pear extravagant, and in nothing more so than in the hour- 
 ly intercession ; for, where, in the congregations belonging 
 to our American Branch, at least, of the Brethren's Unity, 
 is this characteristic of our church still retained ? 
 
 As the church at Jerusalem, for the sake of preserving the 
 life and securing the liberty of a single apostle, made pray- 
 er " without ceasing," Acts 12, 5 ; so the congregation at 
 Herrnhut, and the church of the Brethren, thought the 
 life and the liberty of the whole church of Christ hero 
 upon earth worthy of their continual remembrance before 
 God. 
 
 But where is that spirit now ? 
 
 Alas ! " How is the gold become dim ! how is the most fine 
 gold changed !" Lam. 4, 1. "Return, we beseech thee, 
 God of hosts : look down from heaven, and behold, and 
 visit this vine, and the vineyard which thy right hand 
 hath planted, and the branch that thou madest strong for 
 thyself. Turn us again, Lord God of hosts, cause thy 
 face to shine \ and we shall be saved." Ps. 80, 14. 15. 19. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 4Q 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 Regarding Moravianism, therefore, as the most practical de- 
 velopment of Christ's theory of the church militant that 
 has perhaps ever been seen since the days of the apostles, 
 our "heart's desire and prayer to Grod is," that the Renew- 
 ed Church of the Unitas Fratrum might prosper in all pla- 
 ces, and that all her members — especially those belonging 
 to the American Branch of the Brethren's Unity: — might 
 "be perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the 
 same judgment," " walk bv the same rule," and "mind 
 the same thing." 
 
 Whilst endeavoring to promote this object — " that they may 
 all be one" — we should be sorry indeed, if the views which 
 we have so freely expressed concerning the Essential Char- 
 acteristics of the Brethren's Unity, were in any wise to mis- 
 lead the simple, offend the weak or irritate the strong : for 
 we certainly cannot be accused of having made any disguis- 
 ed, unseemly, or provoking attempt at turning up the 
 ground of Moravianism to get at " the root of the matter." 
 If this root of the matter be any where, it ought most as- 
 suredly to be within us. Wherefore we have no new sys- 
 tem of tactics to propose for the growth of the Brethren's 
 Church in America j but what we most desire is, to see the 
 old ones revived for the preservation of its being. And 
 how is this to be done ? By " taking heed to the light" 
 that is still within us. 
 
 There is evidently a falling-off in the Brethren's Unity, and 
 as that Unity is composed of individual members, we think 
 that each one should look for the falling-off within his own 
 bosom — there it undoubtedly is, that the Moravianism is 
 wanting. Make that right and all will be right. 
 
 If Moravianism has been brought into existence through the 
 powerful operation of the Holy Spirit in the hearts of its 
 founders— (and who doubts that fact ? — ) then that same 
 Holy Spirit can be the only sure and effectual renewer of it 
 in our hearts and lives. Not the practices only, but the 
 spirit of our forefathers is also wanting j not the outward 
 constitution merely, but the inward life of Moravianism 
 likewise needs a renewal. And this truth the Holy Spirit 
 has been pointing out to us for years already, constantly mak- 
 ing it plainer to all classes of men within the church . Synods, 
 conferences and church-journals have all sighed aloud, and 
 told the Brethren, in the most unequivocal terms, that we 
 have great cause to unite in praying to the Lord, "Turn thou 
 us unto thee, O Lord, and we shall be turned ; renew our 
 7 
 
50 JOURNAL Of THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 days as of old," Lam, v. 21. Yet we have not done so. 
 Individuals amongst us have prayed, and been renewed : 
 but the church, as a church, has not prayed, and therefore 
 she has not been renewed. The Spirit of God has direct- 
 ed us, but we have not obeyed his directions ; the Word of 
 God has commanded us, but we have not fulfilled its com- 
 mands; the example of our Fathers has been before our 
 eyes, and yet we have done as though we saw it not. Is it 
 not so ? 
 
 Like sailors in a storm, we all apprehend shipwreck, and 
 know that our lives are in danger. Our vessel is in part 
 dismasted, and much of her rigging is gone ; rope after 
 rope has snapped, and only a sail or two still keeps its 
 place and bellies to the wind ; her rudder is bound up, but 
 her flag flies bravely in the gale ) her anchors begin to 
 drag, and her timbers to start ; she has sprung aleak in 
 several places, and her crew, spent and weary with una- 
 vailing attempts to keep the water out and repair the dam- 
 ages already sustained, are about to give over in despair. 
 What shall keep their spirits up, and induce all hands on 
 board to unite their efforts for the safety of the ship and 
 the preservation of their lives ? — The captain's voice, — the 
 commander's self-possession. 
 
 Now, may we not regard this present Provincial Synod as 
 our ship's commander in the Northern province of the 
 American Branch of the Brethren's Unity ? Let his voice 
 then be heard above the murmurings of the crew and the 
 mutterings of the storm. And if he can say no more than 
 — " Keep your spirits up, dear hearts" — "Be of good cheer, 
 my brethren" — "Hold fast, and repent" — "Be at peace 
 among yourselves" — " See that no root of bitterness spring 
 up among you" — " Make your calling and election sure" 
 " Down on your knees ! pray, pray, pray, that the Lord 
 would undertake for us ; for our help can only come from 
 the Lord" — he may render us all the greatest service, and, 
 in doing so, both save himself and them that hear him. 
 
 " Blow the trumpet in Zion, sanctify a fast, call a solemn as- 
 sembly : gather the people, sanctify the congregation, as- 
 semble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck 
 the breasts ;" " let the priests, the ministers of the Lord, 
 weep between the porch and the altar, and let them say, 
 Spare thy people, Lord, and give not thy heritage to re- 
 proach." (see Joel ii. 15 — 17.) 
 
 This is biblical, spiritual, rational and practical. Wherefore, 
 Brethren, if we know the will of the Lord, let us do it. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 51 
 
 Appoint— by lot, if it please you so— a General Prayer-Day 
 for all the place, city, country, and home-mission congrega- 
 tions of our church in the Northern Province of the Union. 
 Invite the Southern province to observe the day with us. 
 Call upon the English Brethren to do the same ; and en- 
 treat the European congregations to intercede for and 
 with us. 
 
 To prove the sincerity of our hearts in this work of return- 
 ing unto the Lord, let a day of our own be chosen— a work- 
 ing-day — and not the Lord's day. 
 
 Implore all the members of the church, both old and young, 
 to keep the day— not with feasting, but with fasting; not 
 with rejoicing and music, but with godly sorrow and repent- 
 ant tears; not with idle talk, but with serious meditation ; 
 not with parading in the high-ways of the town or neigh- 
 borhood, but with going to " the house of prayer" with 
 the multitude that keepeth holy-day, or retiring into the se- 
 cret chamber to pour out the soul before God. 
 
 Request the merchants and tradesmen to lock up their stores 
 and shops for that day ; the laborer to cease from work ; 
 the wives to provide for their households in time, that they 
 may not be hindered from joining in the prayers of the 
 great congregation ; the mothers to take their babes upon 
 their arms and come, that they may also take part in call- 
 ing upon the Lord for a blessing upon us all. 
 
 Is the experiment not worth trying again ? It has often been 
 tried, as we read in God's word* and in the history of the 
 christian church, and always with success. Let us no lon- 
 ger resist the Spirit and the Word of God : but be wise, 
 and follow the dictates of religion and common sense. Let 
 us humble ourselves as a people, and see whether the Lord 
 will not again lift up our heads out of the dust. Instead 
 of counciling like gods, let us go to praying like men. 
 Who knows, but the Lord may turn us again, and^ the 
 Spirit be once more poured out upon us from on high ! 
 Who knows, but the crooked things may then become 
 straight, the dark places plain, and the Lord remove for 
 ever from our minds all doubt of our calling as a " pecu- 
 liar people !" Who knows, but He may show us, as He 
 showed our fathers— internally by the Spirit, externally by 
 His providence— what is our mission, and assure us that 
 He is, in an especial sense, the Chief-Elder of the Breth- 
 
 * 1 Samuel vii. 5, 1 Kings xviii. 19, 37. 1 Chron. xv. 3. 2 Chron, i, 3. 
 t Chron. xv. 9 ;— xx. 30 ;— xxx. 1 ;— xxxiv. 29. Ezra vih. 81. 
 
$2 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD 
 
 ren's Unity ! The memorable experiences of the 13th of 
 August, 1727, and the 13th of November, 1741, may per- 
 haps be revived among us, and we may enjoy a season of 
 "refreshing from the presence of the Lord." — Amen ! 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the above was laid on the table for the inspec- 
 tion of the committees. 
 
 The President proceeded with calling on the different congregations for 
 communications. — 
 
 The delegations from Philadelphia, Brooklyn, Staten Island, Camden, 
 Emmaus, Schocneck, Lancaster, York, Graceham, Gnadenhuetten, Sharon, 
 Canal Dover, and Bethlehem had nothing to submit. 
 
 The delegate from Hoffenthal, was not prepared to submit communica- 
 tions from said congregation. 
 
 Br. Wunderling, in behalf of the Lebanon congregation, communicated 
 the following preamble and petition ; viz : 
 
 " Whereas the congregation at Lebanon has hitherto received a 
 fixed contribution from the Sustentation Diacony towards the salary of 
 their minister, for which they are, and shall be at all times truly thank- 
 ful, and 
 
 Whereas the condition of this congregation at Lebanon is such as to 
 render the unaided support of their minister an absolute impossibility 
 to them, 
 
 We, the delegates of said congregation, would therefore represent 
 this matter respectfully to the assembled Synod, and would furthermore 
 pray that under any and every circumstance the sustentation hitherto 
 granted may not only be continued for the present, but be increased to 
 such an amount as to place the comfortable maintenance of the pastor 
 of this congregation beyond a peradventure. — 
 
 By order of the congregation-council. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the above was referred to the Committee on Fi- 
 nance. 
 
 Br. Hagen submitted the following : 
 
 "I respectfully request the Committee on Church Publications to take in- 
 to consideration the expediency, and practicability of having the first vol- 
 ume of Croeger's History of the Brethren's Church translated into the Eng- 
 lish language and published." 
 
 On motion of Br. Bechler, the request was referred to the Committee on 
 Church Publications. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) offered the following resolution : — 
 
 " Resolved, that our congregations in Ohio, Indiana and other 
 western states, or as many of them as would wish to associ- 
 ate together for such a purpose, have the full permission of 
 this Synod to make an effort to create a Sustentation fund 
 for those congregations; and for that purpose they are 
 hereby permitted and authorized to hold Conferences, com- 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 63 
 
 posed of their ministers and lay delegates as often, and at 
 such time and places, as may be convenient to them ; and 
 if their efforts should prove successful, to make such regu- 
 lations in regard to the accumulation and disposition of 
 isaid fund, as in the opinion of the congregations mention- 
 ed, expressed through such conferences, may be deemed ex- 
 pedient." 
 
 On motion, this resolution was referred to the Committee on Constitu- 
 tion and Church Government, 
 
 Br. Clauder, minister of the Hope congregation, read the following letter : 
 
 To the Synod or Provincial Elders' Conference of the Northern 
 Districts of the American Brethren's Unity. 
 
 Dear Brethren i 
 
 The Committee and Council of the congregation at Hope, Indiana, 
 desire to present to the consideration of the Provincial Synod or of the 
 P.E.C. the expediency of making a renewed effort for the establishment of 
 a Moravian Female Boarding School at Hope, in support of which meas- 
 ure they beg leave to offer the following considerations : — 
 
 It is not necessary here to enter into an examination of the causes 
 which led to the abandonment of a former attempt to establish such an 
 institution here. Circumstances have changed, in every respect, for the 
 better since that time ; and the demand for seminaries of learning of a 
 higher order, especially for females, is felt and acknowledged by many. 
 The state of Indiana, in common with many other slates in the West, has 
 its free schools for the education of the young, in the common branches 
 of English education, but institutions, for the cultivating and training of 
 the female mind are as yet rare : although other denominations of Pro- 
 testant Christians are zealously engaged in their efforts to provide for the 
 public want in this department — and thereby to counteract the insidious 
 and systematic attempts of Romanism to get the education of Protestant 
 Females into its hands. The circumstances of many of the citizens of 
 the Country are such as to enable them to give their daughters, that best 
 of all legacies — a higher and more refined education. And many, even 
 of those in our own vicinity, it is believed, would gladly patronize such an 
 institution, if an opportunity were presented near their homes. By the 
 increase of Rail Road facilities, and by means of the navigable streams 
 of the West and South West, our place is of ready access from those sec- 
 tions of our Union, where the character of our Moravian Female Institu- 
 tions is favorably known. 
 
 Without entering further into details in favor of such an enterprize, 
 at this time, we would merely ask that the authorities of our American 
 Brethren's Church would inform us how far they can aid this Congrega- 
 tion with their advice and counsel as well as with means ; and also, what 
 would be required of this Congregation, in the way of land upon which 
 to erect the necessary buildings, and by the investment of capital on the 
 part of private citizens. 
 
 We authorize herewith our Ministers and delegates to confer with the 
 proper authorities of our Church upon this important matter* in order ttf 
 
f)4 JotJRNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ascertain the most suitable course for us to pursue in the premises, and it! 
 how far their sanction and co-operation can be obtained. 
 
 H. G. Clauder, Chairman. 
 
 Philip Essex, ^1 T , , ,. 
 
 Calvln C. Blum, I In behalf 
 
 Sanford B. Shultz, f ., ~ .. 
 r, „ nB n Trt¥T „ the Council. 
 
 Jacob Ulouse, J 
 
 The letter was referred to the Committee on Education. 
 
 Br. Clauder then communicated the following Proposition — discussed and 
 adopted in the Congregation Council at Hope, Indiana. 25 yeas — to 14 
 nays. March 17th 1855. 
 
 We believe that the prosperity and usefulness of the Moravian 
 Brethren's Church in the United States of America would be greatly ad- 
 vanced, and many fatal prejudices disarmed, and hindrances removed, by a 
 separation of the connexion still existing with the European branch of 
 the Church ; and that inasmuch as she may develope herself more fully 
 here than in Europe, "she is compelled to assume an independent posi- 
 tion" — in her government, educational and financial affairs — (see min- 
 utes of Minister's Conference, Bethlehem 1852, p. 10.) 
 
 We further believe that such a separation can, and ought to be ef- 
 fected in a peaceable manner, in the same way that other Protestant 
 churches in this Country, have long since separated from the jurisdiction 
 of their original European authorities, as for instance the English Epis- 
 copal, the Lutheran, the Methodist, and Dutch Reformed churches ; all of 
 whom have been and are now blessed by the Head of the Church Uni- 
 versal, and whom alone we acknowledge as our Head and Lord. 
 
 We would therefore respectfully suggest that this subject be taken 
 into earnest consideration by the Synod about to convene. 
 
 H. G. Clauder, (Chairman.) 
 Joseph Gambold, 
 John Clouse, Jr. 
 David S. Reed, 
 Calvin C. Blum. 
 
 The proposition was referred to the " Committee on Constitution and 
 "Church Government." — 
 
 Br. Clauder next read the following : — 
 
 The Congregation at Hope, Bartholomew County, Indiana, in coun- 
 cil convened, adopted and passed the following Propositions to be laid be- 
 fore the Provincial Synod, to convene at Bethlehem, Pa, in May 1855, viz. 
 
 PROPOSITION NO. 1. 
 
 We would respectfully ask, that in such of the decisions or resolutions 
 that shall be adopted by the Synod by Aye or Nay, the names of the 
 brethren thus voting may be entered upon the journal and published 
 in the minutes of the Synodal proceedings. 
 
 PROPOSITION II. 
 
 Sn regard to the number of lay delegates sent to the Provincial Synod 
 of our Church, from the Place, City and Country congregations, w* 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 55 
 
 would respectfully offer the following suggestion and alteration. 
 That each Congregation whether in City, Place, or Country, be en- 
 titled to one delegate, and that the 'additional number of delegates — 
 be graduated according to the number of Communicant members in 
 a congregation, which graduation be arranged by the Synod. 
 
 PROPOSITION III. 
 
 We notice with regret, an increasing disposition among the younger 
 members of our Congregations, whose parents have been tried and 
 faithful members of our Zion, to leave our connection, and to attach 
 themselves, either to other denominations, or suffer themselves to 
 sink into total indifference towards Christ and his cause upon earth ; 
 in view of which we beg leave to say, that in our opinion, this state 
 of things may be attributed, not only to the neglect of a wholesome 
 parental influence, but also to an undue adherence to rather obsolete 
 customs, regulations and rules, which ought to be Synodically chang- 
 ed, amended, or abrogated. 
 
 PROPOSITION IV. 
 
 In regard to the use of the Lot in the final appointment of the elders 
 and ministers of our church to their respective offices and posts of 
 duty, we believe, that inasmuch as its use has been abolished, in refer- 
 ence to many subjects once considered of essential importance to the 
 well-being of" our church, and its members ; it should also be avoided 
 and abrogated in this respect ; inasmuch as repeated instances have 
 occurred, proving that neither congregations, nor ministers recognize 
 therein a direct indication of the Divine Will. 
 
 By this it is however not to be understood, that a brother appointed or 
 elected to any post of duty, or office in our Church, should be debar- 
 red from an appeal to the decision of the Lot for his own individual 
 and special use and encouragement. 
 
 H. G. Clatjder, (Chairman.) 
 Joseph Gambold, 
 John Clouse, 
 David S. Reed, 
 Calvin C. Blum. 
 
 The second and third Propositions were referred to the " Committee on In- 
 ternal Arrangements," and the 4th to the " Committee on the use of the 
 Lot." 
 
 Br. Clauder next submitted the following : 
 
 Enon, Indiana, April %th, 1855. 
 
 To the brethren constituting the Provincial Synod of the Moravian Church 
 to be held at Bethlehem, Pa, in May, 1855. 
 
 We, being members of the Enon congregation, request of you through our 
 delegates, that, whoever may be our minister hereafter, we be allowed preach- 
 ing every other sabbath as heretofore. 
 
 Signed, Joseph Robertson, 
 Jonathan Ford, 
 John Emdee, 
 Conrad Kocher, 
 
£6 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 The President then read the following communication : — 
 
 %n Me $>roiun$tal= @t)n obe ber 83rubcr5.8tri$e fur ben norb* 
 lidbcn £>tftrtft in 5lmeri£a, toclcfye am 2ten Wax) fetcfe& 
 3aljre$ in &etftle&em tfyren Slnfang nelnncn ttnrb* 
 
 $ tebe n 33 r u t e r : 
 
 £>a am 17ten 93tdr$ biefeg 3a!>reS im f)ie* 
 figen ©emeinratl) mefyrere Q3efd)lujfe aba,efaf,t nmrben, urn fie ber s })ro* 
 Din$tal-e»nobe oorjulegeri/ roir aber benfelben unfere Sujltmmuna, nid)t 
 geben fbnnen, fo erlauben roir ung l)iemit unfere SOteinuna, unb %m 
 ftdjt bariiber ausnifprecfyen. — 2)iefelben betreffen nemlid) : 
 
 1. Srennuna, ber 2Cmcrifanifd)en ©emeinen »on ber Q3rtiber4lnitdt. 
 
 2. Slbfcfyaffuna, beg 2oofe§; bei ^fnftetlun^ ber Wiener unb Wiener? 
 
 innen ber ©emeinen unb Sftiffionen. 
 
 3. 3\laa,en uber ben 93?ana,el an 3uttitt $ur 35ruber*.£ird)e fo tmler 
 
 Winter t>on SDtttgliebern ber ©emcine; 
 Unb 33emerftina,en uber bag Liturgicuin unb unfere ©e* 
 meina,efdna,e» 
 
 (5 t fr e n § : £)a roir gegenrodrtia, SKitglieber ber 5£riiber-©emeine 
 in £cpe, unb gUgleicr; 93?ita,lteber ber garden Q5ruber4lmtdt finb, unb 
 ung aud) auf feine SGBeife yon berfelben trennen rootlen, fonbern eg als 
 cine ©nabe unferg lieben Jperrn anfefyen 93?ita,tieber ber Q3ruber-i?ird)e 
 $u fein, unb au^ bleiben roollen big fet ung felbj} in t>k obere QSollen- 
 bete ©emeine abruft. 
 
 3 ro e i t e n § : ©en ©ebrautfy beg Soofeg bet 2CnfMuna, ber 2>ie* 
 ner unb ©ienerinnen ber ©emeine unb ifyrer 93?iffionen, fetyen roir an, 
 alg eine @nabcns©abe beg iperrn, unb fatten eg in grofcem $Bertl)e ; 
 unb befonberg glauben roir ba§ eg ung gar nidbr jufommt baruber^es 
 fdbuiffe $u faffen, fonbern taf } eg etne 9lngelea,enheit if} fcie nur in ei- 
 ner ©eneraU£t;nobe ber ^Bruber?^ircr;e $ur £prad)e fommen follte* 
 
 $>rittengt %n Wnfefyuna, t^ 93?angelg an Sutritt ju unfe* 
 rer $ird}e, fo Dteler jungen 5eufe, bie jicb theilg anbern SKeligiong* 
 QSerfaffungen anfd)lief 3 en, ttyeilg fid) ju gar feiner balten, mod)te rool)( 
 leid)ter an Ort unb ©telle entgegen gearbeitet roerben fonnen, alg baft 
 ber ^tjnobe mbglid) ware, fotd)e 33efd)luffe $u faffen bk biefem ftehlcr 
 abhclfen fonnten ; roenn nemlid) bie Grttern, 93?itglieber ber ©emcine, 
 thre ^inber tdglid) im (&tbtt bem jperrn empfetylen, unb ifyr gating 
 «8eelenl)eil 3l;m mel)r an fein treueg ^)erj (egten ; rcenn burd) liebrei^ 
 cr;e ftdtjeruna, beg ^(rbeiterg, fo oft alg moglicb, ibnen ©elegenbeit ge- 
 geben roirb mit bem SQBorte ©otteg befannt §u roerbciv fie in ba?> red)* 
 te <8d)riftt>erfrdnbnif, einjufufyren burd) ^Bibel-5cction; ami) fie bin* 
 lanattd) befannt mad)en mit ber 3}ruber*@efd)id)te unb bem 93^iffiong* 
 5Berf berfclben f ba$ fie erfennen lemen bafc cin lebenbigcr ©eif} »on 
 DUn in berfelben gewirft unb gcrcaltet l)at, unb nod) roirft bi^ biefe 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 57 
 
 Stit, feaf, fte tk Sie&e $ur 5?ifd)e jiefje* nkty \m, bemt Salten fie 
 barm nid)t uerfenncn rornim. 
 
 Uc6er bie 35emerfuna.ett uOcr bag Liturgicum, tr>c(Itcn wlv in ^ie6e 
 bemerfen, ba§ wiv fa>n $u rid ucit ten uebUcfyen (Sigentfyiimltcbfetteii 
 ber Sbrubcrs&irdje baoen einfcufeen muffen, ndnuut : bie birchen? 
 Siraneu unb anberc lituvajfcbe 93erfamtn(una,enj al§ bafj mir bag 5Be- 
 nige welc^eS roir je|t nod) t^tiben^ ttriflig wrlieren fonuten, unb fcefons 
 bere n)imfdt)en roir im§ nie r>on unferm liebm Q3ru^cr?@efana&utf) 
 (unb ton SfJMobien) 511 rrennen, mltyS roir immer fur vtwrbia, hats 
 ten an bie icziu ber l;etl. €;$vift ^u jiellen> auf roelcfye co atleine 
 a,ea,runbet iji. 
 
 X0oma$ S. iifrcrg, 2fonag 93?. Tiomingcr, 
 
 (£i)rt|lian S3aucr, 3Cbaw Sifdjcl, 
 
 3cfepl) @pa«g.l), SScnj. TKommgcr, 
 
 jjo&n <B. SRoefcitj, 55crn()art> ureter, 
 
 3cl;n -icintact), ©ccr<jc grn, 
 
 5>cfcr Otrfbrotf, £r;cmag (Sflty/ 
 
 3Cf>rar)ain SButner, §r. Slc-mingcr, 
 
 2Bittiam Cannes, ©cergc better, 3tm., 
 Sricfcrict) 2Cttg. vvrttfcf>c, @. <£. SScifcf, 
 
 Salentin @trac£, SBifliam J3acf|frin, 
 
 3oljannc$ QSttmcr, J$erman 28. iufcers, 
 
 ftyittp 25armc$, Sari ^ycdjt, 
 
 Sc'ffc Slcmingcv, <Si)arfc$ 3» Severing, ©en. 
 
 ^cijn 2Beci)lcr, (Si^arfcs 3- Sobering, 3u«» 
 
 S: 35. SBoettbr, 9ttartm Struct, 
 
 2Biliivuit jfpcilmann, Carl ©tuebner, 
 
 Scanber 2C. £e8e, 9tyifip Oiomingcv, 
 
 3a«fc SSttme*, 90fa>ri$ DJiitdenfccrger. 
 
 Synod took a recess of fifteen minutes :— * 
 
 On resuming business, Br. Schweinitz offered the following resolution : — 
 
 " Resolved, that Synod have listened with much pleasure and 
 interest to the memorial presented by Br. Kampmann ; that 
 without endorsing every sentiment therein contained, and 
 without binding itself to the adoption of any of its sug- 
 gestions, yet in view of the important views presented, and 
 of the truly Moravian spy-it which it displays, the same 
 be entered on the Journal." — Adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Lcnnert, br. Eberman's paper was referred to the "Com- 
 mittee on Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 The President announced a communication from the Board of Managers of 
 the Home-Missionary Society of Bethlehem, which, on motion, was read by 
 Br. Wolle (Bethlm) as follows :— 
 
58 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOI>. 
 
 REPORT 
 
 OP 
 
 THE BOARD OF MANAGERS 
 
 Of THE 
 
 HOME MISSION SOCIETY AT BETHLEHEM, 
 
 PRESENTED 
 
 To the Northern Provincial Synod of the American Branch of the Breth-* 
 ren's Unity, May 2nd, 1855. 
 
 With gratitude to the Lord, who has blessed the exertions of our Home 
 Mission Society beyond our expectations, we review the operations of 
 this Society since its formation in the year 1849, and give Him all the 
 glory ! The same spirit which called this society into existence, has 
 upheld it to the present day, through the grace of our Lord which has 
 visibly acccompanied its labors. As it would lead us too far, were we 
 to give a detailed account of how the Lord has honored us to be his in- 
 struments in the extension of his kingdom, — we will confine ourselves to 
 a short report of the present condition of the Society, and make special 
 mention of those places only to which the Lord in his wisdom directed 
 us, and where he opened doors of usefulness for us in the field of Home 
 Mission labor. 
 
 In accordance with the oft-repeated wish of the last Provincial Synod, that 
 the West might be made the principal field of our home-mission ac- 
 tivity, in preference to the large cities of New York and Philadelphia, 
 — under the impression that the latter did not so much stand in need 
 of our help as the former, because of their being supplied with Ger- 
 man churches sufficient (as was thought) for the wants of those who 
 longed for the means of grace, — Brother John F. Fett,t formerly a di- 
 aspora laborer in Switzerland, who had come to America for the pur- 
 pose of engaging in the service of the Lord, if occasion should offer, 
 and who by direction of the Provincial Elders' Conference was laboring 
 with evident Messing amongst the numerous Germans in Philadelphia, 
 received the first call to leave that post and proceed to Milwaukie in 
 Wisconsin. He was there received with much love, and soon collected 
 a little flock of souls, which rejoiced greatly in having a brother 
 amongst them to supply them with the word and sacraments ; for which 
 purpose Br. Fett had previous to his departure for the West been or- 
 dained a deacon of the Brethren's Church. He remained some time at 
 Milwaukie, and there met with a number of families that had emigrat- 
 ed from Norway and Denmark, some of whom had been acquainted 
 with the Brethren's Church in their native land, and had invit- 
 ed a diaspora brother, A. M. Iversen, who received his education at 
 the Missionary Institute of Stavanger in Norway, to accompany them 
 as their pastor to America. Brother Iversen, as well as his countrymen, 
 were highly pleased to welcome Br. Fett and find in him an ordained 
 minister of the Brethren's Church. Through him too they soon made 
 an urgent appeal to the Home Mission Board at Bethlehem, for permis- 
 sion to connect themselves with the Brethren's Church ; and this ap- 
 peal was accompanied by a communication from Br. Iversen himself 
 
 f Br. Fett (ordained Sept. 23d, 1*49) left Philadelphia Oct. 3d, 1840; arrived at Milwau- 
 kie Oct. 14th, 1849. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 59 
 
 (who had been furnished with a recommendation from our diaspora la- 
 borer in Norway, Br. Due), stating it to be the inmost wish of his heart 
 that he might be allowed to enter the service of the Lord in the Breth- 
 ren's Church. After mature deliberation, the request was granted. 
 
 Through the friendly offer of our brother Otto Tank, these people found a 
 place of refuge on the west side of Fox River, opposite to Greenbay, 
 and having moved thither with Br. Iversen, they took up their abode at 
 first in the so-called Mission house, which they found there, until they 
 should be able to build houses of their own, and in a short time estab- 
 lished the little congregation of Ephraim. An impulse was given to 
 this undertaking by the solemn ordination of Br. Iversen,* which took 
 place at Bethlehem, — whereby an opportunity was afforded us of be- 
 coming personally acquainted with this dear brother, and thus con- 
 vincing ourselves of the uprightness of his intentions in devoting 
 himself entirely to the service of the Savior amongst his own countrymen, 
 without paying regard to his external comforts ; and we have had re- 
 peated occasion since, to be strengthened in our conviction of his sin- 
 cerity, and that, too, in the most affecting manner. The Board con- 
 sented with joy to give the necessary support to the minister of the lit- 
 tle flock at Ephraim, whose members are all very poor ; and the reports 
 of Br. Iversen, which have been generally published in the Miscellany, 
 bear striking evidence that his labors have been blessed till to the pres- 
 ent day, whilst he himself has been called to endure many sore and 
 grievous trials of various kinds. This is not the place to recount the cau- 
 ses of the many difficulties with which our poor Norwegian Brethren 
 had to contend ; suffice it to say, that after Ephraim for various rea- 
 sons had finally to be abandoned, they removed to Eagle Harbor,! where 
 by means of the kind assistance of a brother, they succeeded in pur- 
 chasing a tract of land, for the purpose of securing a homestead for 
 the minister, and presenting inducements for such as wished to settle 
 there. From here Br. Iversen made excursions into various parts of 
 Wisconsin and Illinois, particularly to Cooperstown in the former state, 
 preached the gospel to his scattered countrymen, with blessing 
 to their hearts. Every beginning is hard, and not only the Nor- 
 wegian Brethren experienced this, but Br. Fett also, who, after an in- 
 effectual attempt to carry on a mission in Milwaukie, was induced 
 by circumstances to proceed in company with a number of German 
 families to Greenbay .J Here he met with a friendly reception, and af- 
 ter a while, in spite of great difficulties which sometimes seemed to 
 be insurmountable, — and which we prefer to pass over in silence, since 
 we can now with heartfelt emotion exclaim, to the praise of our Savior, 
 " The Lord's hand is not shortened ; He knows how to help us out of 
 every trouble," — a congregation was established at Greenbay. By 
 means of the voluntary contributions which Br. Fett collected in the 
 various congregations, a church and parsonage have been built under 
 the gracious help of the Lord, affording a delightful Ebenezer for such 
 souls as are truly filled with a sincere desire for salvation in Christ, 
 wherein they may edify one another in accordance with the rules and 
 regulations of the Brethren's church, and be more firmly grounded on 
 that Rock which cannot be moved. The members of Br. Fett's flock 
 have now an opportunity for showing that they indeed acknowledge 
 
 * Br. Iversen (ordained May 6th 1850,} moved with his family and twenty Jf orwegian* 
 to Fox River, August, 1850. 
 
 f Br. Iversen moved to Eagle Harbor, 1853. 
 
 X Br. Fett moved to Greenbay at the end of August, 1850. 
 
60 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 (he support which they have received from us, whereby they have lie e» 
 enabled to have a minister amongst them, who, together with his 
 dear partner, has, with much self-denial, labored for their welfare 
 to the present day, with evident blessing — as the Brn. Jacobson 
 and Seidel, were happy to notice, when they visited ' Greenbay 
 on their visitation tour to the Indian congregation at New Fairfield, 
 and were present at the consecration of the newly erected Brethren's 
 church. For more than a yea; already this congregation has ceased to 
 depend upon us for support, under a sense of duty to provide by its 
 own means for the wants of its minister. And in doing this they have 
 been much encouraged by the example of Br. and Sr. Fett, who have 
 established a day-school, not only thereby to exert a beneficial influence 
 upon the hearts oi the young, but, also to lighten the burden of 
 their church-members. Greenbay is, however, not the on!y place in 
 Wisconsin, where a congregation has been formed through the labors 
 of a home-missionary of the Brethren's church amongst the Germans, 
 and with which not a few families of this tongue are connected. A 
 number of them, who were formerly acquainted with our missionary 
 of the German congregation in New York, Br. John Kaltenbrunn,* 
 moved with him to the neighborhood of Watertown, where a new and 
 promising field of labor has opened, in which this brother ; s engaged 
 with distinguished blessing. Nor docs this congregation look to us for 
 support ; our brethren and sisters in New York paid the travelling ex- 
 penses of Br. Kaltenbrunn and his family thither, and have kindly car- 
 ed for his first year's maintenance at this new post, for which may the 
 Lord confer upon them .an especial blessing! In the course of the pres- 
 ent year, a church is to be erected in the German settlement, where Br. 
 Kaltenbrunn resides, and a school-house in Watertown itself. Br. 
 Kaltenbrunn took up considerable collections in our congregations for 
 the building of the former, whereby he as well as others had renewed 
 occasion to be convinced of the lively interest which is every where 
 taken in our home mission work. Br. Kaltenbrunn preaches at lour 
 dilferent places, and there is every appearance that a second home- 
 missionary will be needed in that quarter before lpng. 
 
 We said above that Br. Kaltenbrunn had been stationed in New York city 
 previous to his settling in Wisconsin. During his stay in New York 
 it became, daily more apparent, that an unordained missionary was 
 cramped in his labors, to the great injury of the work in which he was 
 engaged, wherefore at the particular request of the German congrega- 
 tion in that city, Br. Kaltenbrunn was ordained a Deacon of the Breth- 
 ren's church by our late brother Wm. Henry Van Vleck. This leads 
 us to speak of the rise of the German home mission congregation in 
 New York. We must here, in the first place, express our joyful ex- 
 perience, that we have evidence enough on every hand to know that 
 the call to take an active part in helping to spread the kingdom of God 
 is not in vain the moment that it comes into contact with hearts desi- 
 rous for the gospel truth, and causes them to bring forth new and living 
 fruits. Instances of this are to be found in the Brethren's congrega- 
 tions of New York and Philadelphia. Convinced of the urgent neces- 
 sity to do something for the thousands of immigrants in that city, the 
 congregation at New York applied to the Home Mission Board for a 
 missionary,! at the same time engaging to care for his support, inde- 
 
 * Br. Kallenbiuun (ordained April 18th, 1852.) left New York for Watertown May 2nd- 
 1853. 
 t Br. Kaltenbrunn stationed in Now York, in September, 1851. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 61 
 
 pendently of the general fund. Wherefore, Br. Kaltenbrunn was first 
 called there, and after he, with the consent of the Board had moved to 
 Wisconsin, Br. Ulrich Guenther supplied his place.f He, like his pre- 
 decessor, devoted himself entirely to the Lord and his service, with 
 blessing to many a soul, and daily came into contact, on his missionary 
 visits through the city and out of it, with cases of utter destitu- 
 tion, which called for the exercise of his charity and to relieve which 
 the Lord oftentimes furnished him with instantaneous means of help. 
 The congregation, which had been commenced by Br. Kaltenbrunn 
 now holds its regular services, and we learn from the latest accounts 
 that a delightful spirit of brotherly love pervades its members. 
 
 An independent congregation of German Lutherans in the city of Newark, 
 N. J., who had been looking out for an evangelical preacher, without 
 being able to find one, applied very unexpectedly to Br. Guenther to 
 become their minister. After candidly assuring them that he neither 
 could nor would leave the Brethren's church, to which he was insepar- 
 ably attached from principle, and that, if under these circumstances, 
 they felt themselves at liberty to address the home mission board in refer- 
 ence to the subject, he had no objections to their doing so, — we received 
 a communication from the trustees of said congregation, in which they 
 expressed their view.; and wishes in so heartfelt a manner, that we felt 
 ourselves induced to permit Br. Guenther to accept of the call; 
 making it a condition however, that he should abide in connec- 
 tion with the Brethren's church and be allowed to act as home- 
 missionary in Newark, as far as occasion might olFer.J They wil- 
 lingly entered into this arrangement, wherefore Br. Guenther took 
 up his residence in Newark, and labors there with blessing, as is evi- 
 dent from the fact that the handsome church of this congregation which 
 seats four hundred persons, is so thronged each Sunday, that they think 
 of building an addition to it. Br. John Pra3ger,§ who had been filling 
 the post of an assistant to Br. Philip H. Gapp, under the direction of 
 the home mission society of our congregation in Philadelphia, was call- 
 ed to take the place of Br. Guenther in New York. It was very short- 
 ly after the Provincial Synod of 1849 that the congregation at Phila- 
 delphia felt itself moved to manifest its love for the souls of the many 
 German immigrants in that city, by the formation of a Home Mission 
 Society, not auxiliary to the Parent Society in Bethlehem. With the 
 approbation of the Prov. Elders' Conference, a home missionary was 
 appointed under the particular inspection of the minister of the con- 
 gregation. The brother employed was Philip H. Gapp,1T who is still in 
 the service of the Philadelphia society, and who by his faithful and 
 zealous efforts has succeeded in gathering a little German congre- 
 gation of Brethren, for whom a place of worship has been rent- 
 ed, where he preaches to them the gospel and dispenses the sacraments. 
 In the autumn of last year, Br. Gapp and Br. Prager were ordained 
 deacons of the Brethren's church by Br. Jacobson, upon which solemn 
 occasion it was gratifying to perceive how much regard is still felt, and 
 what interest is to this day taken in our little Zion. 
 
 Besides the above named places, new doors of usefulness have been opened 
 unto us, within the last two years, in Utica, in the state of New York, 
 
 f Br. Guenther (ordained July 28th, 1853) took charge of N. Y. Home mission congrega- 
 tion May 2nd, 1853. 
 
 t Br. Guenther moved to Newark, in October, 1854 
 
 g Br. Praeger (ordained Nov. 5th, 1854,) moved from Philadelphia to New York, in Octo- 
 ber, 1854. 
 
 11 Br. Gapp (ordfiiued Nov. 5th, 1854,) succeeded Br. Fett in Philadelphia. 
 
62 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 in New Haven, Connecticut, and quite recently in Worcester, Massa- 
 chusetts. From the first of these places an earnest request for help 
 was sent to the board in the form of a written communication signed oy 
 a number of persons, some of whom had been acquainted with the 
 Brethren's church in Germany ; whereupon Br. Guenther was com- 
 missioned to visit Utica. Being favorably impressed with the prospect 
 there, he reported accordingly, that it would be well worth trying to es- 
 tablish a mission in Utica, for he had been assured by word of mouth 
 that (as had already been stated in the first communication to the 
 board) a great part of the expenses for the support of a missionary 
 would be made up by the people there. We therefore concluded to 
 give the charge of this post to Br. Valentine Mueller, who came from 
 Koenigsfeld to this country about four years ago, in the hope that the 
 Lord himself would, if such was His will, give him an opportunity 
 to serve him, in one way or another, as a gospel laborer. He had there- 
 fore accepted with joy the proposal made to him by the American Tract 
 Society to become a Colporteur, — retaining still the strong desire, that 
 the Lord might direct matters so that he could one day enter the service 
 of the Brethren's church, upon which point he opened his mind to us 
 in writing, and to Br. Guenther verbally. We felt freedom to give him 
 a trial, and therefore called him to Utica.f Subsequently however diffi- 
 culties of various kinds opposed our progress there, in the many varian- 
 ces obtaining amongst the Lutheran congregations already established 
 in Utica, besides the manifold prejudices of the so-called old Lutherans 
 — and above all, there appears to be but little hope that the promise of 
 taking a lively and effectual share in the support of a home-missionary 
 can be fulfilled. It is therefore very doubtful whether Br. Mueller's 
 stay can be prolonged there ; which subject lies over for the future 
 consideration and decision of the Board. 
 
 Already two years ago we were invited to send a brother to New 
 Haven, and several ministers in that city having most kindly prom- 
 ised to secure us assistance towards the support of a home-mission- 
 ary, our brother Leonhard Rau J has been stationed there since 
 autumn of last year. Br. Rau was educated for the work of the gospel 
 in a Missionary-institution in Switzerland, and had already labored in 
 several places in the power of the Spirit, when by a special leading of 
 the Lord, he was directed to the city of Philadelphia about a year ago, 
 where he soon became united in the bonds of love and christian fellow- 
 ship with the brethren and sisters in that city. The latter would glad- 
 ly have kept him amongst them, under the conviction that his gifts and 
 disposition of heart adapted him for becoming an excellent assistant in 
 the home mission service ; but not having an opportunity to appoint 
 him to a field of labor in Philadelphia, they recommended him to us, 
 urgently desiring that we would give him a call. We therefore invited 
 him to pay a visit to Bethlehem ; and as the Bible Society here was 
 just then looking out for a brother, whom they might engage to explore 
 the township of Bethlehem for the purpose of supplying every family 
 therein with a bible, they resolved to employ Br. Rau in this service. 
 Having accomplished this work, to the satisfaction of all, (of which the 
 written report that he handed in to the Bible Society bears witness,) we 
 felt the greater freedom to present him to the Prov. Eld. Conference for 
 appointment as our home-missionary in New Haven, with the request, 
 
 f Br. Mueller (ordained Dec. 17th, 1854,) went to Utica in June, 1854. 
 
 i Br. Rau (ordained Oct. 3d, 1854,) stationed at New Haven, Conn., in October, 1854- 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 63 
 
 that if the conference would consent thereto, he might at the same 
 time be ordained. He was accordingly ordained here by Br. Jacobson 
 in October of last year, and soon after set out for his new post in New 
 Haven, where he met with a friendly reception, not only from those per- 
 sons there who are attached to the Brethren's church, but also from 
 several ministers who interested themselves particularly in his behalf, 
 and expressed their regret, that in consequence of the Methodists and 
 Baptists having lately opened missions in that city and stationed preach- 
 ers there, his (Br. Rau's) labors could of course not extend over so 
 large a portion of the community as would have been desirable. Since 
 the beginning of the present year, Br. Rau has been called upon by 
 the Connecticut Missionary Society in connection with the appoint- 
 ment which he received from us, to serve the Home mission in Con- 
 necticut, for which he receives a fixed salary from that society. The 
 Conn. Miss. Society having expressly declared that he should not be 
 disturbed in that field of labor to which we had appointed him, we 
 willingly consented to the enlargement of his sphere of usefulness. 
 But this enlargement was not to be of long continuance. A very press- 
 ing brotherly invitation was sent to us by the Rev. Mr. Morrison, an 
 episcopal clergyman of Worcester, Massachusetts, who wrote in the 
 name of a number of German families in that city, requesting us, if 
 possible, to send them a missionary of the Brethren's church to be their 
 minister. This occasioned us to request Br. Rau to preach there once, 
 and obtain the requisite information concerning the state of things at 
 that place. His report of the hearty welcome which he met with, and 
 of the love which he experienced amongst them, was so encouraging, 
 that we felt induced, after maturely weighing the case of the thirty to 
 forty families in Worcester, who were waiting with the most ardent 
 longing to be supplied with the word and sacrament by a member of 
 the Brethren's church, to commend this place to Br. Rau as his future 
 station; and this we did the more readily, as advantageous offers had 
 been made to us by a number of wealthy friends there, who have the 
 upholding of a mission amongst the Germans much at heart, and by 
 means of whom the pecuniary burden will be very materially lightened 
 for us. The confidence of so many worthy men fills us with deep 
 gratitude, and is at the same time a lively appeal to us, to execute the 
 calling of the Brethren's church with conscientious faithfulness. What 
 arrangements will be made for carrying on the work already begun 
 with the little congregation in New Haven, cannot at this present mo- 
 ment be determined, in consequence of an urgent request having come 
 to us from Hartford, where there are many Germans residing, to estab- 
 lish a home mission there, and if this should be undertaken, then both 
 these places, which are only 28 miles apart, might be attended to by 
 one brother. 
 
 The home-mission attempt in Indiana remains yet to be spoken of. Br. 
 Charles Barstow was sent, with the pleasing hope of success, to the 
 neighborhood of Coatesville, Hendricks county ,f where several brethren 
 and sisters resided, who had originally emigrated from Salem, N. C, 
 and latterly from Hope ; they were visited from time to time by a broth- 
 er from Hope, and had repeatedly applied to our boaid for a stated 
 home-missionary. The commencement of Br. Barstow's labors there 
 was so favorable, that we rejoiced the more, when it pleased the Lord 
 to crown Br. Barstow's efforts for the building of a church and parson- 
 
 f Br. Barstow (ordained April 18th, 1S52,) arrived at Coatesville in January, 1851. 
 
64 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 age with success. To effect this object, Br. Barstow had undertaken a 
 collection-tour after Easter, and we were strengthened in our hopes of 
 ©nee seeing an extended home-mission work carried on in Indiana. 
 But, alas ! our beautiful prospects were eventually marred ; and it is 
 with the utmost regret that we are compelled to state, that we were 
 obliged in the fall of last year to withdraw Br. Barstow from Coatesville.f 
 Time must show, whether the urgent request of the few families be- 
 longing to the congregation there to have another minister, can be com- 
 plied with or not. 
 
 Wc have yet to add that the removal to Iowa of a number of families be- 
 longing, in part, to our congregations in Ohio, led the brethren and sis- 
 ters of Gnadenhuetten, Sharon, Dover and Hope, Ind., after having ob- 
 tained the sanction of the Prov. Eld. Conf. to unite in sending, at their 
 own expense, a brother along as a home-missionary for the new settle- 
 ment; and having appointed Br. Hiram MeyersJ to this service, he was 
 ordained a deacon of the Brethren's church, at Gnadenhuetten by Br. 
 Peter Wolle. Of his labors in Iowa we can only say thus much, that 
 since he is there, he has, at our request, also visited our brethren who 
 moved thither some years ago from North Carolina, and who reside in 
 the southern part of the state, about forty miles distant from the place 
 where he with the settlers from Ohio have made their home. To afford 
 him an opportunity of visiting the brethren at Moravia, whose oft re- 
 peated wishes for a home-missionary of their own we have not yet been 
 able to fulfill, we gave Br. Meyers assistance towards the purchase of a 
 horse. Two years ago, Br. Barstow, at our direction, paid them a visit, 
 which caused them great joy. We have moreover been repeatedly ap- 
 plied to from the Northern part of Iowa, as also from New Orleans, 
 Texas, and St. Louis — (at the latter place a considerable number of 
 Hussites, who emigrated from Bohemia since the revolution of 1848, 
 presents a particularly interesting field of labor for the Brethren's 
 church — ) but have not yet succeeded in finding the brethren whom we 
 might send as home-missionaries to these different stations. 
 
 In concluding this report, it remains for us to say, that the presence of our 
 Lord, was felt at the meetings of our board, which, with few exceptions, 
 were held every fortnight. We must at the same time acknowledge 
 that our littleness of faith was deeply put to shame ; for the Lord nev- 
 er let us want for means, and assisted us beyond our expectations in 
 meeting all expenses. 
 
 We have received for home-missionary purposes, since the commencement 
 of our society, $4329, 70 cents, of which $180 were for life-member- 
 ships and $50 was a legacy. Our expenses in the same time have 
 amounted to $4196, 21 cents. 
 
 We have reason therefore to be strengthened in our confidence, that the Lord 
 of the church will still acknowledge himself unto us in future. 
 
 To Him give thanks and glory ! 
 
 CHARLES F. SEIDEL, 
 
 President of the H. M. Soe, 
 
 | Br. Barstow left Coatesville in September, 1S54. 
 
 J Br, Meyers (ordained April 2nd, 1854,) left for Iovo in April 18">4. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 65 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle, (Bethl.) the Report was referred to the " Com- 
 mittee on Home Missions." — 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) offered the following resolution : — 
 
 "Resolved, that the "Committee on Home Missions" be authorized 
 to send for such Home missionaries, and at such time, as 
 they think proper." — Adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved that the above Report be entered on the Jour- 
 nal. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend " be printed in the next number of the Mis- 
 cellany ;" whereupon Br. Wolle withdrew his motion. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that all communications to Synod be entered on the 
 Journal. — Agreed to. i 
 
 The President communicated the following letter : — 
 
 Bethlehem, May 4th, 1855. 
 To the President and Members of the Moravian Synod, — 
 
 Gentiemes : — 
 
 Being the publisher of a newspaper in this 
 Borough, and as many of my readers are members of your church, 
 who doubtless feel an interest in your proceedings, I have undertaken 
 a daily report of the same, to be published weekly. Believing that a 
 diversity of opinion exists as to the style of such report 1 respect- 
 fully suggest, that the Synod afford me access to the minutes from 
 day to day, for the purpose of preparing an abstract of the whole, 
 which I will submit to any committee or authorized person for exam- 
 ination, so that all objectionable matter, if any, may be omitted. Such 
 a course, would be convenient to myself, and at the same time secure 
 your body against error or imperfections that otherwise might occur in 
 the report. 
 
 Respectfully, your obedient Servant, 
 
 E. H. Rauch. 
 
 Pending the discussion on the propriety of acceding to the proposals con- 
 tained in the above letter, a motion by Br. Luckenbach to adjourn was lost ; 
 whereupon Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved that " the proposition made 
 by the Editor in his letter just read be adopted by Synod, and that a com- 
 mittee of three be appointed to revise his extracts from the minutes accord- 
 ing to his proposition." Agreed to. 
 
 The President announced that he had appointed the brethren, Bleck, 
 Blickensderfer, (Sharon) and Rice, the committee on Br. Goepp's resolutions. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved that Synod tomorrow noon adjourn 
 over to Monday next. Agreed to. 
 
 On motion, Synod adjourned, after singing : 
 
 " Sag bciit 2Bcr£ «"tcr tins " it. f. w. 
 
66 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 SEVENTH SESSION. 
 
 Saturday, May 5th, 8 A. M. — 58 members present. 
 
 Sung : 4< With thy presence, Lord, our Head and Savior," &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Reinke (Litiz). — Texts of the day read. — 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's sessions read, amended and approved. 
 
 Bf. Bleck offered the following resolution which was adopted : — 
 
 " Resolved, that an advisory committee of two be appointed 
 to aid the Secretary in preparing the minutes." 
 
 Br. Bahnson presented a Manuscript containing some Liturgies compiled 
 by Br. Levin T. Reichel of Salem, N. C, at the instance of the Ministers' 
 Conference held at Nazareth, in 1853. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz it was referred to the " Committee on Doc- 
 trine and Ritual." 
 
 The President appointed the brethren, Bleck and Blickensderfer (Sharon) 
 the " Advisory Committee to aid the Secretary in preparing the minutes." 
 
 The following resolution by Br. Graeff, was Referred to the " Committee 
 on Church Publications," viz : " Resolved, that the publication of a Sunday 
 School Hymnbook of the Moravian Church is deemed expedient and neces- 
 sary for the use of the same." 
 
 Br. Heckert called up the rule of order offered by him yesterday, which 
 elicited debate, and amendments altering the time from ten to thirty minutes. 
 
 On motion of Br. Holland, the matter was laid on the table. 
 
 The President announced the following committees, viz : — 
 
 The Committee on Internal Arrangements of particular Con- 
 gregations : — 
 
 The ten brethren, Bigler, Blickensderfer, (Gnadenh.) 
 
 Reinke, (Litiz) Luckenbach, 
 
 Wunderling, Leibfried, 
 
 Jordan, Blum, 
 
 Eberman, (Lancaster) Heckert. 
 
 The Committee on Doctrine and Ritual : 
 
 The nine brethren, Hagen, Bachman, 
 
 Wolle, (Litiz) Weinland, 
 
 Goepp, Weiss, 
 
 Clauder, Busse, 
 Jordan. 
 
 Br. Goepp asked to be excused from serving on this committee, as he was 
 a member of several other committees, and suggested the appointment of 
 the President in his place. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, Synod excused Br. Goepp, and appointed Br. 
 Jacobson in his place. — 
 
 The Committee on Revision of the Printers' extracts : 
 
 The three brethren, Schweinitz, Weiss, Beckler. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. G7 
 
 Br. Schweinitz, at his request, was excused from serving on this committee, 
 and Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) was appointed a member of said committee 
 in his place. 
 
 Br. Bigler offered the following preamble and resolution, viz. : 
 
 " Inasmuch as the name or title of our church is much mis- 
 represented in this country, and has given rise to curious 
 inquiries and foolish misapprehensions, — and inasmuch as 
 it is very frequently confounded with a numerous sect in the 
 West, also styling themselves < United Brethren/ Therefore 
 "Resolved, that the "Committee on Constitution and 
 Church Government" take into consideration the expedien- 
 cy of changing the title of the church to that of the " Mo- 
 ravian Episcopal Church in the United States of America." 
 — Adopted. 
 On motion, Synod adjourned, after singing : — 
 
 " 2Dir geben una in fcctnc Jfpanb," u. f. w. 
 
 EIGHTH SESSION. 
 
 Monday, May 7th, 8 1-2 p. M.— 60 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Oh ! God, my gracious God, to thee" &c. 
 Prayer by Br. Kampmann. — Texts of the day read. 
 Minutes of Saturday's session, read, amended and adopted. 
 Br. Oehler, minister and delegate from Hopedale, communicated the fol- 
 lowing : — 
 
 %n bte ^rot)ingiaI=et)itobe bc$ ndrbltc&en SBegtrB bet $8tji* 
 fccrsUnttdt in ben ©cteittigten ^taatcnfcon 9ftorb*5ltttertta. 
 
 Jperjlid) g e t ie b t e 35 r u b e r : — 
 
 3n dner aufcerotbentlicfyen ^erfammluna, am llten9Dvar$ biefeS 3ah* 
 re£ fuhlte [id) bit (jiefuje ©emeine aufa,erea,t ein ©cfyreiben an tie 
 ^ProMnjiatsS^nobe ju ricbren, urn in bemfelben il>re 2)anf^efub(c 
 au$$ufpred)en, unb beauftraa,te bie ber$eitia,e Committee ber ©e* 
 meine, biefen QSefcblujj »« ^uefubruna, ju brinani, nacfybem bit 
 ©emeine berfelben ibre SReiming ju etfennen a,egeben hatte. 
 
 3rtbem roir nun unfere SpfCid>t serciffenhaft abjulegen 6emuht fem 
 roo'Jen, fo beamnen rott juerjt mit bem fyerjlichen £>anf> ben bte 
 hiefige ©emeine ber €»nobe fchutbet, unb baoon aud) ttottia, burd)* 
 brunam ifi> inbem unfere ©emeine, con il)rem erfrcn (£ntfrehen 
 an, fo welfare 93erceife son Siebe unb SiebeStbaten erbatten hat, ja 
 obne biefe her^licfye theilnabme unb Unterfru|una,, roobl nte an ber 
 ©runbuna, einer Q5ruber*®emeine alll>tcr hatte ^ebad)t roerben 
 fbnnen. 
 
68 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD, 
 
 $Benn roir nlfo, nddbfi ter $arml)er$igfeit unfercS lieben JpeilanbeS, 
 (£ucb ate bie ©runber unb jum gro^en Sfyeil ami) af& (£rf)alter 
 unfere* Q3ruber-j?ird)Iein$ atlbier an,$ufef)en fyaben, unb aud) fo 
 anfel;en f inbem rrt'r ja big biefe etunbe, buret) unfere duf,ere %v* 
 mutt), i?erl)inbert finb unferem 3irbeiter einen orbenttid)en Unter* 
 fyatt ju Dcrfdbaffen — fo fiifolen noir uns urn fo mel mefyr yerbun- 
 ben, (£ucb bod) einmal fd)riftlid) unfere fDanf&arfeit §u bejeugen. 
 91id)t nur l)abt 3t)r ung feit bem SBcjJefjen tyieftger ©emetne, je- 
 ber^eit mit 5et;rer Derfeben, benen e§ etn SrojJ rear, unferneees 
 ten bem £amme $ujufitl)ren, fenbern wurben aud) son )dbrttd)e 
 sBefucbe you ber ^3rot>. %tit. (Sonferenj erfreut, ruetcbe unS im- 
 mer ju grofcem Cegen roaren, unb fyaben nod) jeberjeit bie %\a 
 besfyarmonie frdfrig gejrdrf't. Ottdtf nur fyabr 3^r unfere 2lrbeis 
 rer, eingebenf unferer SIrmutf), fofrdftig unterftufcr, fonbern l)abt 
 ting, roenn unfere ivrdfte nicbt a\\$xi\tyUxit uns an bem 5?ird)en* 
 lanb yerbeffern f)etfen, unb baburd) unferen ^rebtger einen ge- 
 wifferen Unterfjalt yerfebafft. Unb rreil mir nur einen febrtms 
 dben> aber ber^lid) gemeinten 3>anf (£ucb fur atle (Jure Zkbe, 
 SDculje unb <£orgen barbrtngen fonnen, beugt es> uns urn fo tie fer, 
 baf 3 roir (£ud), nad)bem ber ipeitanb fd)on fo yiele 9)h'tf)e, burd) 
 feine Wiener, an uns gerr-anbt bar, inbem regelmdfcig has tbeuere 
 £yangctium mit ©eift unb eatbung uns iff yerfunbigt raorben 
 — bte fyeiligen eacramente ju redder 3tit gebanbfyabt rcerben 
 fbnnten — unfere 3ugenb in ber cbrifHid)en 9ieligton ffefjjtg un* 
 terricbtet rcurbe — hk gefegnete ijauebefudK nicbt yerfaumt — unb 
 JFranf'en unb urn ^roft yertegenen jugefprocben rrerben fonnte ; — 
 nacbbem atle biefe vgegnungen in reicbem 9Jcaa§e er^eigt roaren 
 — baf; rt)ir eud) nicbt mefyr $riid)te fur atle biefe 3?emu{)una,en 
 $eigen fonnen. £>ie ecbulb tiegt an un* ; " Unfre £ulb unb 
 ftreubigfeit gegen Sefum feit ber 3u<)enb, mad)t ben £trid) burd) 
 atle Sugcnb." 
 
 Tcamentticb muffen rotr befd)dmt befennen f baj; rt>tr in ber ttjatfrdfj: 
 tige 5t)eitnal)me an ber 2(u?breitung be§ 9vetcbe§ @otte^ nod^) fo 
 rveit juruefgebtieben finb. ^Bcnn un§ nun tkfc eetbjlbeftra* 
 fung in eine fchmer^ltcbe 9veue unb Q^u^e ju unferem tieben ^errn 
 t)inleitetf unb uietfad)e ltrfad)e \jabm ^t)n anjuffefyen, taf 3 ^r 
 feine Xpanb nid)t oon un? ^iebe f fonbern @5nabe r-or 9Ced)t ergef)en 
 laffe f unb 3l)n urn eine neue ©eifteetaufe bitten muffen, — fo wens 
 ben roir unz auct) an (£ucb> geliebte ^ruber, mit ber t)er^ticben 
 33itte; rr-erbet auft) 3br nid)t mube an un§, fonbern beret fur 
 unjv unb laffet nicbt ab un§ jn ermabnen rr-o rr-ir fel)Ien, ja ^iet)t 
 (Jure vfanb nicbt yon un§ ^urucf . 5Bir f6nnen and) freitid) auf 
 ntcbts t)tnroeifen at? auf ben QSergetter alld-> ©uten. 2>er ^)ei* 
 lanb l)at fein SfBerf unter uno ; e§ berr-eifet fid) ^in unb wieber. 
 %&) bafj feine eiege nur t)dufiger rodren ! 
 
 (5r t)at un§ biefen Garten Winter mit Sfyeucrung, ^ranft)eit ; unb felbfl 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 09 
 
 tern $obe Ijdmgefudjt; moge e$ 3fcm gelingcn aucl) baburcb 
 kidjun (Singatupn unfere £>er$en ju finben. 
 
 3nbem wiv uns nun (£urer ferneren Siebe unb Sheilnahme angele* 
 gentlid)ft empfeblem grujjen Suc^ (jerjlid) (£uere geringen Q3riiber 
 im Jperrn, tie ©emeine $u £offenthal, unb in beren ^luftra^ tie 
 &er$dtige 
 
 Committee &er (Bemetne. 
 2Son bem ©emeinratf) einfHmmig angenommem 
 
 Jpoffmtfjal, ben lOten 2Cpril, 1855. 
 
 (Bottiieb $. (Debfer, 
 
 QSorfi&er. 
 
 Br. Reinke (Litiz) moved that this letter be laid on the table. 
 Br. Bleck moved to amend " to place on file." 
 The motion as amended was agreed to. 
 Br. Oehler next submitted the 
 
 PETITION 
 
 To THE NORTHERN BRANCH OF THE UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH IN AMER- 
 ICA in Synod assembled: 
 
 Whereas the congregation at Hopedale, Pa., has been assisted by the Sus- 
 tentation Diacony in the erection of a church-building and parsonage, 
 in purchasing land and in improving the same, for the benefit of the 
 residing minister, and whereas in the course of time, the church-build- 
 ing and parsonage became so delapidated that new buildings had to be 
 erected, which the congregation could not build out of their own re- 
 sources, and by urgent entreaties were again assisted, thereby becoming 
 involved in a considerable debt ; but whereas the congregation is yet 
 so poor that they are not able to pay the interest and the capital, and 
 as the debt as it stands against them, mars the interest of the church. — 
 
 They therefore respectfully pray that they may be released of this debt, and 
 that the small amount of money about to be received for the sale of 
 land off the the church-lot, be erected into a fund for the benefit of their 
 minister ; and that the remaining part of the land, purchased by the 
 Bininger's benefice, be made the property of the church so long as it 
 shall remain a Brethren's congregation, the profit of the land to be for 
 the minister's benefit, and that the so-called ' Miksch's lot,' on which the 
 parsonage stands, be and remain the property of the Sustentation Di- 
 acony, and be for the sole benefit of the Hopedale minister. 
 
 By instruction of the church-council and drawn up by their deputy, 
 
 Bethlehem, May 7th, 1855. G. F. Oehier. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the above petition was referred to the " Com- 
 mittee on Finance." 
 
 Br. Oehler offered the following resolution, viz. : 
 
 " Resolved, that the memorial presented and read by Br. KampmanB 
 
 be revised by a committee of members, and then be printed 
 
 forthwith — 500 copies in the English and 500 copies in the German 
 
70 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 language ; — and that each member of Synod receive not more than 
 five copies gratis in the language he chooses to have them, and that 
 the remaining copies be offered for sale at a low rate." — 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp the resolution was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Lennert offered the following preamble and resolution : — 
 
 " Inasmuch as the Provincial Elders' Conference, has since the meet- 
 ing of the last Provincial Synod in 1849 applied for, and obtained 
 from the Legislature of our state a Charter or Act of Incorporation, 
 without even giving a reason for such action to the American Branch 
 of the United Brethren's Church ; and, inasmuch as it is not known, 
 by the generality of the members of this Synod, what said Charter 
 contains — what privileges it grants, or to what restrictions it confirms 
 the P. E. C. in their official actions, therefore resolved, that the Pres- 
 ident be requested to communicate said Charter or Act of Incorpora- 
 tion to the Synod, for the instruction of its members." — Adopted. 
 
 Whereupon Br. Goepp read as follows : — 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 to incorporate the Board of Elders of the Northern Diocese of the church 
 of the United Brethren in the United States of America. 
 
 Section- 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met and it 
 is hereby enacted by the authority of the same That the present mem- 
 bers of the board of Brethren who for the time being are appointed to 
 superintend the secular and spiritual concerns of the northern diocese 
 of the church of the United Brethren commonly called Moravians in 
 the United States of America to wit John C. Jacobson Henry A. Shultz 
 and Philip H. Goepp and their successors as they may be from time to 
 time appointed in accordance with the constitution, rules, and regula- 
 tions of the said church of the United Brethren as they now exist or 
 may be hereafter modified or altered, shall be and are hereby declared 
 to be a body corporate to be known by the name style and title of 
 " The Board of Elders of the northern diocese of the church of the 
 United Brethren in the United States of America," and by that name 
 shall have perpetual succession, be able and capable in law to sue and 
 be sued, plead and be impleaded in the courts of this Commonwealth 
 and elsewhere, to have and use a common seal, and to make and estab- 
 lish such by-laws and ordinances as shall be necessary and proper for 
 the regulation of the temporal concerns of the said northern diocese of 
 the said church of the United Brethren, for the support of acting and 
 superannuated ministers of the said church, for the promotion of religion, 
 by education, foreign and domestic missions, and otherwise, Provided^ 
 That nothing be done, in pursuance of the powers and privileges here- 
 inbefore granted, contrary or repugnant to this act and to the Constitu- 
 tion and laws of this Commonwealth. And provided further, That all 
 the acts of the said board of elders of the northern diocese of the church 
 of the United Brethren in the United States of America be in con- 
 formity to the rules regulations and principles of the church of the 
 United Brethren in the United States of America and not in anywise 
 inconsistent with the same. 
 
 Section 2. That the president of the said board of elders shall be appointed 
 in accordance with the rules and regulations of the said church of the 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 71 
 
 United Brethren and that said board of elders or a majority of them 
 may, if they deem it necessary, elect or appoint a treasurer and such 
 other officers as may be necessary, at such times and at such places and 
 to serve for such a period as they may deem convenient and necessary, 
 or as may be ordered by the regulations or by-laws of the said church. 
 
 Section 3. That the said board of elders and their successors by the name 
 title and style aforesaid, shall be able and capable in law to purchase 
 receive, hold and enjoy, all such lands, tenements, bequests, annuities and 
 gifts, as may be at any time sold, conveyed, bequeathed, given, granted to 
 it, either absolutely or in trust, and have power to sell, or otherwise dis- 
 pose of the same, Provided That the said corporators shall not at any 
 time hold or absolutely possess property or estate, real personal or mixed, 
 exceeding the annual value of twelve thousand dollars. 
 
 Section 4. That no misnomer of said corporation and their successors shall 
 defeat or annul any gift, grant, devise, or bequest, to or from said corpo- 
 ration ; Provided, the intent of the party or parties shall sufficiently 
 appear upon the face of the gift or other writing, whereby any estate or 
 interest was intended to pass to or from the said corporation. 
 
 JOHN CESSNA, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 BENJAMIN MATTHIAS, 
 
 Speaker of the Senate. 
 Approved the Twenty ninth day of March A. D., Eighteen hundred 
 and fifty one. 
 
 WM. F. JOHNSTON. 
 
 Secretary's Office. 
 Pennsylvania S. S. 
 
 I do hereby certify that the foregoing and annexed is a true and correct 
 copy of the original Act of the General Assembiy entitled "An 
 Act to incorporate the Board of Elders of the Northern Diocese of 
 the Church of the United Brethren in the United States of 
 America" as the same remains on file in this office. 
 
 Witness my hand, and the seal of the Secretary's Office at Harrisburg, 
 this Third day of April, A. D., one thousand eight hundred and: 
 fifty one. 
 
 A. W. BENEDICT, 
 Deputy Secretary of the Commonwealth. 
 
 The standing and special Committees were called upon to report. No 
 reports ready. 
 
 The Committee on "Foreign Missions" requested to have their number 
 increased. 
 
 On motion of Br. Shultz, their number was increased to seven. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) the "Act of Incorporation ,!> 
 just read, was referred to the "Committee on Constitution and Church 
 Government." 
 
 The President appointed the brethren, Bachman aud Cortelyou, the addi- 
 tional two for the "Committee on "Foreign Mission." 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) the Synod adjourned over to 
 Tuesday 8th, A. M., after singing "Thou hast kindly led us" &c. 
 
72 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 NINTH SESSION. 
 
 Tuesday, May 8th, 8 1-2 P. M. — 40 members present. 
 
 Sung : "j£)crctii, gcfcgnctcr fccs Jpttvn" 
 
 Prayer by Br. Clauder. — Texts for the day read. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's session read, amended and adopted. 
 
 Br. Shultz was excused from serving on the Committee on Church Pub- 
 lications. At his request the President appointed Br. Schweinitz, to fill his 
 place. 
 
 Br. Clark, the delegate from New-York, appeared, presented his cre- 
 dentials, which were found to be correct, and took his seat. - 
 
 Br. Shultz requested that a brother be appointed to serve on the "Com- 
 mittee of Home Missions" in place of Br. Reed, who had left, and that said 
 Committee be increased from 10 to 13. The request was granted. 
 
 Br. Bigler, offered the following resolutions for the "Committee on Con- 
 stitution and Church Government" : 
 
 Resolved, that the Committee on Church Government be instructed to 
 report a constitution for the government of our Church in this Di- 
 ocese, containing the following principles, viz : 
 
 1. A connection with our Church in Europe to exist between us in the 
 
 relation of brother to brother, without any controlling influence from 
 either over the other in local matters. 
 
 2. In case there is to be a Provincial Elder's conference as a standing 
 
 body, all the members of that body, to be elected by our Provincial 
 Synods. 
 
 3. This Constitution, when framed and adopted, by this Synod, to be 
 
 submitted to the Unity's Elder's Conference, and if they should not 
 approve of it, to the next general Synod to be held in Europe. 
 
 4. Until such decision and approbation is had, our present Constitution 
 
 and arrangements shall remain as they now are. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle of Bethlehem, the Synod entered into the dis- 
 cussion of the resolutions. 
 
 Br. Goepp having stated that he had written some remarks, having refer- 
 ence to our connection with Europe, and which had been translated into 
 English by Br. Bleck, on motion of Br. Bechler, they were read by the 
 translator. 
 
 The Synod now took a recess of ten minutes. 
 
 On resuming business the discussion was continued. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach offered as an amendment to be prefixed to the above 
 resolutions, the following preamble and resolution, prepared by Br. Reinke, 
 which had previously been presented, but withdrawn, viz : 
 
 *< Whereas circumstances appear to indicate that the Lord's time has fully 
 come to favor our little Zion in this country by paving the way for 
 a dissolution of that connection with our European congregations, 
 which has thus far united us to them in the form of church govern- 
 ment and other temporalities. Therefore 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 73 
 
 Revolved 1. That this Synod do hereby declare itself independent of our 
 transatlantic congregations in regard to all local and temporal affairs. 
 
 Resolved 2. That we solemnly disclaim all, and every intention of hereby 
 severing that spiritual bond of union, peace and love which has 
 hitherto connected us with the Brethren's Unity ; that we will con- 
 tinue to cherish an undiminished affection for her doctrines, which 
 are the doctrines of the Gospel, and for her ritual in so far as is appli- 
 cable in our American congregations, and that we will continue by 
 men and means to take a lively and active share and interest in 
 the weal and woe of said Unity. 
 
 Br. Schultz moved to amend the amendment by the following resolution, 
 viz: 
 
 Resolved, That the phrase "regard to all local and temporal affairs" does 
 not include the right to elect our Bishops in a manner inconsistent 
 with § 148 of the results of General Synod of 1848. 
 
 Pending the discussion of which the Synod on motion adjourned, after 
 singing "What brought us together" &c. 
 
 TENTH SESSION. 
 
 2 p. M.— 58 members present. 
 
 Sung : "As long as Jesus Lord remains." 
 Prayer by Br. Hagen. 
 
 Discussion on the amendment of Br. Schultz was resumed, when the 
 amendment was withdrawn by the mover. 
 
 A considerable portion of members participated in the discussion of the 
 resolutions and amendment before the Synod, which resulted as follows, viz : 
 
 Resolution 1st, of the amendment, was unanimously rejected. 
 
 Resolution 2nd, being under consideration, Br. Goepp moved to amend 
 by striking out the word "hereby", and the resolution as amended was 
 adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Dover) the preamble was stricken out. 
 
 The question recurring, on the original resolutions, the first one was 
 adopted. 
 
 The second resolution being under consideration, Br. Goepp moved to 
 divide — the question having been taken on the part — " shall there be a 
 Provincial Elders' Conference as a standing body." — it was adopted. 
 
 The question having been taken on the latter part — "all the members of 
 that body &c." — it was also adopted. 
 
 The third resolution being under consideration, Br. Bleck moved to amend' 
 by striking out the latter clause — "and if they should not approve of it 
 &c." to the end. Agreed to — and the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) the fourth resolution waa 
 stricken out. 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that the members of the P. E. C. or whatever Executive Com- 
 mittee may be constituted by the contemplated new Constitution 
 be not necessarily prohibited from holding some other office." 
 
74 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, said resolution was laid on the table. 
 
 On motion the Synod adjourned, after singing : "2Bir gcbcn IMS in 2)ciltc 
 
 ELEVENTH SESSION. 
 
 Wednesday, May 9th ; 8 1-2 A. M. — 57 members present. 
 
 Sung: "Eternal Sun of righteousness." &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Shultz. — Texts of the day read. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, Br. Gapp, Home-missionary from Philadel- 
 phia, was admitted to a seat, as an advisory member. 
 
 The minutes of yester-day's Session were read, amended and adopted. 
 
 Br. Wunderling offered the following preamble and resolution : 
 
 "Whereas it is extremelv unpleasant for a minister, when removed from one 
 station to another, to be without rules to regulate the adjustment of 
 property-matters between himself and successor or predecessor, there- 
 fore 
 
 Resolved, that the Committee on Internal Arrangements be instructed to 
 inquire into the expediency of adopting some fixed rules to regulate 
 such matters." 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the above were referred to the "Committee on 
 Internal Arrangements." 
 
 Br. Hagen, reqesting that the Committees on Doctrine and Ritual, and 
 on Internal Arrangements, be instructed on the points rightfully belonging 
 to their sphere, 
 
 Br. Beckler moved that the above Committees be united. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend "that all committees appointed by this Synod 
 have power to meet each other in cases and for purposes when they shall see 
 fit." Agreed to. 
 
 The "Committee on Finance" asked leave to sit during the Session of the 
 Synod. 
 
 Br. Wolle of Bethlehem, offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that the Synod meet hereafter at 10 A. M., and 3 P. M., until 
 otherwise ordered." 
 
 Br. Weiss moved to amend, "that the Synod hold but one Session per 
 day." 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the matter was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz asked to be excused from further service in the Committee 
 on the "Use of the Lot." 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle of Bethlehem, he was excused, and Br. Kummer 
 appointed by the Synod in his place. 
 
 Br. Bigler was excused from further service in the Committee on Internal 
 Arrangements, and Br. Lennert appointed in his place. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 75 
 
 Br. Schweinitz asked to be excused from further service in the Committee 
 on Home Mission, which was refused. 
 
 Br. Shultz moved that the Brn. Lennert, Holland, Clauder, Cortelyou 
 and Ricksecker be members of the Committee on Home Mission. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Heckert offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that in filling vacancies in Committees, such brn. be appointed 
 as are not already on other Committees." 
 
 Br. Wolle, of Bethlehem, moved to amend by striking out "already on 
 other Committees" and inserting "on more than one Committee." Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Shultz asked to be excused from further service in the Committee on 
 Foreign Missions and in that on Education. 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen he was excused from further service in the Com- 
 mittee on Foreign Missions only. 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen, the vote on excusing Br. Schweinitz from further 
 service in the Committee of Home Missions was re-considered. Whereupon 
 the Synod excused Br. Schweinitz from further service in said Committee. 
 
 At request of Br. Bigler, permission was granted Br. Clark, to state his 
 views on the "change of the Constitution and Government." 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Dover) the New-York resolutions were 
 taken up for consideration, when after some discussion, on motion of Br. 
 Bigler, they were again laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Beckler offered the following preamble and resolutions : 
 
 "Whereas in the opinion of the present Provincial Synod, the Constitution 
 of the P. E. C. does not seem to answer those ends for which it was 
 formed, therefore 
 
 Resolved, that in future the P. E. C. consist of five elective members, three of 
 whom, (of whom one is to be a Bishop and the presiding officer,) are for 
 the present to reside at Bethlehem, and constitute the Executive 
 Committee and to be divided into three departments ; of which one 
 shall form the Education Department, the second the Mission, and the 
 third the Financial Department. The fourth elective member who 
 is to be a Bishop, to be located in one of our western congregations, 
 and have under his special superintendence the congregations of 
 Ohio, Indiana and Blinois, and in whatever Western states such 
 may exist. The fifth member also to be a Bishop, to reside in Salem 
 and have charge of the congregations there. These five elective 
 members to constitute the P. E. C. who may hold their regular ses- 
 sions as they see fit. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, said preamble and resolutions were referred to 
 the " Committee on Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 The President, on leave, read an extract from a private letter, received 
 from Br. Levin Reichel, of Salem, embodying his views relative to the 
 wants of the Church in this country, suggesting the propriety of uniting the 
 northern and southern sections of the American Province, and setting forth 
 his ideas on the formation of a new P. E. C. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp the letter was referred to the Committee on 
 Church Government. 
 
76 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 The Synod took a recess of fifteen minutes. 
 
 Br. Wolle of Bethl. moved to take up the resolutions on the table fixing 
 the times of meeting of the Synod, at 10 A. M. and 3 P. M. Agreed to 
 after some discussion. 
 
 Said resolution was adopted. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz, moved to take up the Proceedings of the Provincial Synods 
 of 1847 and 1849. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend "Proceedings oi the Provincial Synod of 
 1847," which was agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) moved to amend the amendment, "first chap- 
 ter of the Proceedings of the Synod of 1847." Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, it was read and referred to the " Committee on 
 Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the Synod take up the second chapter of the 
 same. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend "chapter second of the results of the General 
 Synod of 1848," which having been accepted, was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, it was agreed to take up each paragraph 
 separately. 
 
 The President accordingly read the " § 5 of said chapter," 
 
 Br. Wolle of Bethl., offered the following resolution: 
 
 "Resolved, that the Committee on Doctrine and Ritual be instructed to 
 take into consideration the propriety of embodying the articles of 
 faith regarded by the Brn's. Church essential to salvation and (es- 
 sential to) membership with us." 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following amendment : 
 
 "Resolved, that this Provincial Synod respectfully submits to the next 
 General Synod, the propriety of embodying the article of faith regar- 
 ded by the Brn's. Church, as essential to salvation and (essential to) 
 membership with us." 
 
 Br. Clark offered the following resolution, which was referred to the 
 " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual :" 
 
 "Resolved, that the portion from Litany commencing with the petition 
 "irom coldness to thy merits and death," as far as "by thy coming again 
 to thy Church on earth, or our being called home to Thee," be used 
 on every occasion, when prayed, in a standing position by all our con- 
 gregation." 
 
 On motion the Synod adjourned after singing : " £)at>0tt foil itt t»cr Qdt- 
 
 mein," u. f. n>. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 TWELFTH SESSION. 
 3 p. M. — 49 members present. 
 
 Sung : "Hark, my soul." — Prayer by Br. Holland. 
 
 The President stated that one more member was required in the "Com- 
 mittee on Foreign Missions," and wished to ascertain whether Synod would 
 permit him to appoint Br. Bahnson, as member of said Committee, as his 
 services would be very desirable by reason of his acquaintance with the 
 Cherokee Mission. 
 
 On motion of Br. Luckenbach leave was granted, whereupon Br. Bahn- 
 son was appointed. 
 
 Br. Bleck's amendment to Br. Wolle's resolution was resumed and elicited 
 much discussion. 
 
 On the question being taken, the amendment was lost. 
 
 The original motion was now amended by the mover as follows : 
 
 " Resolved, that the " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual," be 
 instructed to report measures for the embodiment of the 
 articles of faith, regarded by the United Brethren's Church 
 as essential to salvation, and essential to membership with 
 us." Adopted. 
 
 The President next read § 6, chap. 2, Synodal Results of 1848, in refer- 
 ence to which several brethren expressed their sentiments. 
 
 Br. Weiss introduced Br. Guenther, Home missionary, from Newark, and 
 Br. Praeger, Home missionary from New-York. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle, of Bethl., they were received as advisory mem- 
 bers. 
 
 The President read § 7, Synodal Results of 1848, and after some remarks 
 by several of the brn. § 8 was also read. 
 
 On motion, the Synod adjourned after singing: "From the doctrines I'll 
 ne'er waver" &c. 
 
 THIRTEENTH SESSION. 
 
 Thursday, May 10th, 10 A. M. — 50 members present. 
 
 Sung: "What, brethren, is Jerusalem 1 
 
 Prayer by Br. Schweinitz. — Texts of the day read. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's Session read, amended and adopted. 
 
 The President introduced Br. Rau, Home missionary from New-Haven. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, he was admitted to a seat as an advisory 
 member. 
 
78 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach offered the following resolution, viz : 
 " Resolved, that the Treasurer of the Sustentation Diacony be 
 instructed to lay before this Synod, an account of the in- 
 come and disbursements of said Diacony commencing with 
 the year 1849, up to the 1st of May, 1855. x\dopted. 
 Br. Clauder moved that the Synod fix the day for holding the election of 
 the members for the new P. E. C. 
 
 On Br. Goepp's suggestion that § 38 of the Synodal Proceedings of 1847 
 refused such action. 
 
 Br. Hagen moved to suspend the rule as laid down in said §, which mo- 
 tion of suspension, was on motion of Br. Bleck, laid on the table. 
 
 The President called on the "Committee on Br. Goepp's resolution" to 
 report, when Br. Bleck of said Committee, read the following 
 
 REPORT : 
 
 The Select Committee to which were referred the resolutions introduced by 
 Br. Goepp, on the subject of the power of this Synod to enter upon the 
 discussion of the whole Constitution of the Brethren's Church, and the 
 proper disposition to be made of the results of its deliberations, report : 
 
 That they have had the subject embodied in said resolution under considera- 
 tion and have come to the conclusion that there is nothing contained in 
 the Synodal results of 1848 which forbids this or any other Provincial 
 Synod from discussing the whole Constitution and principles of the 
 Brethren's Church or the propriety of making changes therein. 
 
 The first part of the paragraph 168 says: '-The duty and privilege of the 
 Provincial Synods is, thoroughly to examine the spiritual and temporal 
 condition of the congregations of their respective provinces and to adopt 
 resolutions referring thereto, which, when they relate to circumstances 
 not merely local, a e to be submitted for approval to the Unity's Elders' 
 Conference." A thorough examination, such as is here indicated, your 
 committee is unanimous in believing, cannot by any possibility be made 
 without involving the Synod in the discussion of the general principles 
 of the whole Brethren's Unity, the fundamental rules of our church or 
 the relationship between the provinces, which kind of discussion, it is sup- 
 posed, is expressly forbidden to any except strictly preparatory Synods, 
 by the latter part of the paragraph, which reads: "Such resolutions 
 however as refer to the general principles of the whole Brethren's Unity, 
 the fundamental rules of our Church-System and the relationship of the 
 three provinces of the Unity to each other are subject to the ratification 
 of the General Synods, wherefore propositions for such enactments can 
 only be made at such Provincial Synods as immediately precede a Gen- 
 eral Synod." If this view be correct there exists a direct conflict be- 
 tween the different parts of this paragraph, the last clause forbidding 
 that which the first enjoins. 
 
 Your committee conceive it to be a well established rule that in the interpre- 
 tation of a document, we are required, if possible, so to construe it, as to 
 give every part a clear and distinct meaning, and not permit one part 
 to render another nugatory. We are then led to inquire whether it is 
 possible without doing violence to the language employed, to give 
 either the first or the last part of this paragraph each a construction as 
 to deliver it of this apparent conflict. To the first part, it seems to your 
 committee to be impossible to attach more than one single meaning, but 
 the wor< 7 « "wherefore propositions for such enactments can only be 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 79 
 
 made at such Provincial Synods as immediately precede a General 
 Synod" are susceptible of having different meanings attached to them. 
 They may mean that a non-preparatory Provincial Synod cannot itself 
 entertain such resolutions for its own discussion and consideration, or 
 they may mean that such a Provincial Synod cannot make such propo- 
 sitions to a General Synod. If the latter interpretation be taken, it 
 follows that a non-preparatory Provincial Synod may entertain, discuss, 
 and even advise the adoption of any change in the constitution and 
 government of the Unity, but that preparatory Synods only can pro- 
 pose such changes to a General Synod for their adoption and thereby 
 give them force and efficiency. It may be admitted that the first con- 
 struction is that which lies on the surface and is most apparent, but 
 your committee conceives the other to be equally legitimate, and as it at 
 once relieves the paragraph from all conflict between its different parts 
 and gives to each part a free meaning, your committee has not hesitated 
 to adopt it. 
 
 With these views of the true contruction of the 16th paragraph, your com- 
 mittee recommend the indefinite postponement of the first of the resolu- 
 tions referred to them, and that the others do lie upon the table until the 
 Synod, when approaching the close of its deliberation, shall be better 
 prepared to say what disposition shall be made of the results of its 
 action, or what steps shall be taken to lay them before our European 
 brethren. 
 
 E. F. BLECK, 
 
 J. BLICKENSDERFER Jr., 
 
 JACOB RICE. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the above Report and Recommendations were 
 adopted. 
 
 The Synod resumed the business in order &c. 
 
 The President read § 9, chap. 2, of the Synodal Results of 1848. 
 
 Br. Hagen offered the following resolution, viz : 
 
 "Resolved, that the examination as proposed in § 9, chap. 2, of Synodal 
 Results of 1848 be in future held in the Northern Province of the 
 Brethren's Church." 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend "that the matter of examination referred to in 
 § 9, chap. 2, of Synodal Results of 1848 be attended to by this Synod, and 
 referred to che "Committee on Doctrine and Ritual." Adopted. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved to amend the amendment as follows: 
 
 " Resolved, that, the " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual," be instructed 
 to report such rules and regulations for the adoption of the Synod, 
 as will secure the holding of an examination of the brethren proposed 
 for the ministry, such as is referred to in § 9, chap. 2, Synodal Re- 
 sults of 1848." 
 
 This amendment was accepted and the original resolution as amended was 
 adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Eberman, (Naz.) the following "five points of Doctrine," 
 were referred to the "Committee on Doctrine and Ritual." 
 
 We will therefore without lessening the importance of any other Article 
 of the Christian Faith, steadfastly maintain the following five points : 
 
80 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 1. "The doctrine of the universal depravity of man, that there is no health 
 
 in man, and that since the fall, he has no power whatever to help him- 
 self." 
 
 2. "The doctrine of the divinity of Christ, that God the Creator of all things, 
 
 was manifest in the flesh, and reconciled us to Himself: that he is 
 before all things, and that by Him all things consist." 
 
 3. "The doctrine of the atonement and the satisfaction made by us through 
 
 Jesus Christ ; that he was delivered for our offences, and raised again 
 for our justification ; and that by his merits alone we receive freely the 
 forgiveness of our sins and sanctification in soul and body. 
 
 4. "The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and the operation of his grace, that it 
 
 is He, that worketh in us convictions of sin, faith in Jesus, and pureness 
 in heart." 
 
 5. "The doctrine of the fruits of faith : that faith must evidence itself by 
 
 willing obedience to the commandments of God, from love and gratitude 
 to Him." 
 
 The President finished reading § 9, when several of the brethren expressed 
 their sentiments, and gave their experience in reference to points noticed in 
 said paragraph. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the President proceed to read the next para- 
 graph, when Br. Luckenbach moved that the Synod adjourn over to Saturday 
 8 1-2 A. M. 
 
 Br. Rice named Monday morning. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz withdrew his motion. 
 
 The question having been taken on adjournment to Monday morning, it 
 was lost. 
 
 The question having been taken on adjournment to Saturday 8 1-2 A. 
 M. it was carried. 
 
 On motion the Synod adjourned, after singing : "Christ is, and shall re- 
 main," &c. 
 
 * FOURTEENTH SESSION. 
 
 Saturday, May 12th, 8 1-2 A. M. — 42 members present. 
 
 Sung : "Praise the Lord" &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Ricksecker. 
 
 After reading the texts of the day, the President, in a few remarks, called 
 the attention of the Synod to the memorable occurrences in the history of the 
 Brethren's Church, which had transpired on the 12th of May, and which 
 entitled this day to a place among our memorial-days. 
 
 The minutes of Thursday's Session, read, amended and adopted. 
 
 Br. Hagen moved that the Synod proceed forthwith to fix the day for the 
 election of the members of the new P. E. C, and that Wednesday next be 
 appointed. 
 
 Some objections having been raised, to taking action on this motion be- 
 cause of the fewness of the members present, 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROTINCIAL SYNOD. Si 
 
 On motion of Br. Weiss, the Secretary called the roll, when it was found 
 that twenty members were absent. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to amend Br. Hagen's motion, "Wednesday 2 P. 
 M.," which amendment was accepted by the mover. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved that the Synod appoint Friday next, 
 the day of the election. 
 
 On, motion of Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) the whole matter was laid on 
 the table. 
 
 The President called on the "Committee on Constitution and Church 
 Government," to report, when Br. Bigler of said Committee read the fol- 
 lowing 
 
 REPORT : 
 
 The Committee on Constitution and Church Government report 
 
 for the adoption of the srnod, the following preamble 
 
 and Resolutions : 
 
 Whereas it is believed that the prosperity and welfare of that portion of the 
 United Brethren's Church which we represent, imperatively demand 
 a remodification of the relationship subsisting between it and the other 
 parts of the Brethren's Unity ; 
 
 And, whereas such remodification can only be obtained by changes in the 
 Constitution of the Unity, which changes must be made by the consent 
 of the Unity's Elders' Conference or of a General Synod ; Therefore 
 
 Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Provincial Synod, that immediate 
 steps should be taken for introducing into the Constitution of the 
 Brethren's Church, the following provision, viz : 
 
 1. The government of the Church of the United Brethren in the Northern 
 
 Province of the United States of America, shall be vested in the Synods 
 of said province, in which the ministers and delegates of the congrega- 
 tions appear as the representatives of the Church within that province. 
 
 2. There shall be elected by the Provincial Synod, an executive committee, 
 
 to consist of two members, and to be called the Provincial Elders' Con- 
 ference, who shall be chosen from among the ordained ministers of the 
 Church, and shall be accountable to the Provincial Synods for their 
 acts ; but nothing herein contained shall prevent any future Provincial 
 Synod from arranging the organization of the Provincial Elders' Con- 
 ference in any manner such Synod may think proper. 
 
 3. Each Synod shall fix the time and place for the meeting of the next 
 
 Synod. Should any emergency arise, which in the opinion of the Pro- 
 vincial Elders' Conference, would require the meeting of the Synod 
 sooner than the time specified by the preceding Synod, the Provincial 
 Elders' Conference shall have power to convene the same at the place 
 appointed to meet, by fixing the time at an earlier day. Each Synod 
 shall, when convened, be opened by the President of the Provincial 
 Elders' Conference, but shall organize by electing its own president and 
 other officers. 
 
 4. The following shall be members of the Provincial Synod : 
 
 «, The members of the existing Provincial Elders' Conference. 
 11 
 
82 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOB. 
 
 6, All bishops of the United Brethren's Church in the province, whether 
 in actual service or not. 
 
 e, All ordained ministers of the United Brethren's Church in the Prov- 
 ince, who are in actual service, either in the congregations, or in 
 the various educational institutions. 
 
 d, The financial agent of the Unity's Elders' Conference in the province, 
 
 commonly called the Administrator. 
 
 e, The delegates from the different congregations of the Church within 
 
 the province. 
 
 /, The members of the Unity's Elders' Conference, the members of the 
 Provincial Elders' Conference of any other province of the Brethren's 
 Unity, or the delegates of either shall be entitled to seats as advisory 
 members, but without a vote. 
 
 5. It shall be the duty of the Provincial Synods to examine the spiritual and 
 
 temporal condition of the Church within the province ; to adopt orders, 
 rules and regulations for the government of the same ; to appoint the 
 bishops ; to elect the members of the Provincial Elders' Conference ; at 
 every Synod immediately preceding a general Synod in Europe, to 
 elect delegates to the same ; to hear and redress complaints and griev- 
 ances ; to examine and direct all financial matters, and prescribe rules 
 for their management ; to oversee and direct the education of the youth 
 and the theological students, and generally to direct all matters which 
 belong to the government of the Church within the province. 
 
 6. It shall be the dutv of the Provincial Elders' Conference to see that the 
 
 general principles and regulations of the Brethren's Unity, as determined 
 by the General Synod of the Church, as well as the rules, regulations 
 and orders of the Provincial Synod shall be faithfully executed ; they 
 shall also, in cases of emergency in the interval between two Synods, 
 nominate and appoint the bishops ; and they shall see that the congre- 
 gations are properly supplied with the requisite laborers, under such 
 rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Provincial Synods. 
 
 7. Vacancies which may occur in the Provincial Elder's Conference during 
 
 the recess of the Provincial Synod, shall be filled in the following man- 
 ner : The Provincial Elders' Conference shall issue its circular to the 
 different congregations and other persons interested, giving them notice 
 of such vacancy and directing them to vote for a brother among the 
 ministry to fill the same. In the election every person who is ex-officio 
 entitled to a seat and vote in the Provincial Synod shall have one vote, 
 and each congregation shall be entitled to as many votes as such congre- 
 gation was entitled to send delegates to the provincial Synod last held 
 to be given by the congregation-council direct, or by electors chosen by 
 them, as they may see proper. The vote so given shall be sealed up and 
 sent to the Provincial Elders' Conference who shall receive them, but 
 break no seal, until all the votes have been received and their own vote or 
 votes added thereto. The votes shall then be opened and counted in the 
 presence of not less than two other brethren, and if any brother shall 
 have a majority of all the votes given he shall be considered elected. 
 Should no brother have a majority of all the votes given, the Provin- 
 cial Elders' Conference shall issue another circular as before, giving the 
 names of the three brethren who received the highest number of votes. 
 
 The ministers of congregations and all others entitled to vote, shall then 
 •gain vote in the manner above described but shall be confined in their 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 52 
 
 votes to the three brethren named. When the votes have again been 
 returned to the Provincial Elders' Conference as above stated, and after 
 their vote has been added, they shall open and count the votes in the 
 presence of witnesses as before and the brother having the highest num- 
 ber of votes shall be considered elected. After each election the Provin- 
 cial Elders' Conference shall publish a full account thereof. 
 
 8. In sending delegates to the Provincial Synod, the numerical strength of 
 each congregation on the New Year preceding shall be taken as the 
 basis upon which the number of delegates shall be ascertained. Each 
 congregation, if not exceeding 200 souls, shall send one delegate. Each 
 congregation of more than 200 and not exceeding 400 souls shall send 
 two delegates. Each congregation of more than 400 and not exceeding 
 600 shall send three delegates, and each congregation of more than 600 
 souls shall send four delegates, but nothing contained in this or the 
 preceding sections shall prevent any future Provincial Synod from 
 changing the mode of filling vacancies in the Provincial Elders' Con- 
 ference or changing the apportionment of delegates among the several 
 congregations of the province." 
 
 Resolved, That in asking for the foregoing modifications of the constitution 
 it is nevertheless the desire and expectation of this Synod that all rules 
 or regulations passed by any General Synod heretofore held and remain- 
 ing unchanged, or which may hereafter be passed by such a Synod, and 
 any regulations heretofore sanctioned by the Unity's Elders' Confer- 
 ence and remaining unchanged by it, not inconsistent with the forego- 
 ing provisions, shall remain in full force within the province, and be 
 binding upon our Provincial Synod, the Provincial Elder's Conference, 
 the ministers and congregations within the same. 
 
 DAVID BIGLER, 
 
 JACOB BLICKENSDERFER, 
 
 PHILIP H. GOEPP, 
 
 J. BLICKENSDERFER, J*. 
 
 HENRY A. SHULTZ, 
 
 SAMUEL REINKE, 
 
 WM. EBERMAN. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the report be printed for the use of the membeni of 
 the Synod. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Bigler next offered the following resolution, viz : 
 
 "Resolved, that the "Committee on Constitution and Church Gov- 
 ernment" be instructed to prepare a memorial to the U. E. C. 
 setting forth the reasons which demand a change in the Con- 
 stitution of the church, and require the assembling of a Gen- 
 eral Synod at an early day." Adopted. 
 
 Br. Bigler also reported back from the "Committee on Constitution and 
 Church Government," recommending its adoption, the following resolution 
 of Br. Blickensderfer, (Dover.) 
 
 Resolved, that our congregations in Ohio, Indiana and other Western states, 
 or as many of them as may wish to associate together for such n 
 purpose, have the full permission of this Synod to make an effort to 
 create a sustentation-fund for those congregations. And for that pur- 
 pose they are hereby permitted and authorized to hold Conference*, 
 
84 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 composed of their ministers and lay delegates, as often, and at such 
 time and places, as may be convenient to them ; And if their efforts 
 should prove successful, to make such regulations in regard to the 
 accumulation and disposition of said fund, as in the opinion of the 
 congregations mentioned, expressed through such conferences, may 
 be deemed expedient. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to lay the resolution on the table for considera- 
 tion. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) called the yeas and nays, on the question of 
 laying on the table, whereupon, after considerable discussion, Br. Wolle with- 
 drew his motion to lay on the table, and the resolution was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
 After the President had finished calling on the committees for the reports, 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to adjourn to Monday 8 1-2 A. M., which motion 
 was withdrawn at the request of Br. Bieck, who then moved that the Presi- 
 dent resume the business in order. Agreed to. 
 
 The President then read § 10 chap. 2, Synodal Results of 1848, when on 
 motion, Synod adjourned to Monday 8 1-2 A. M., after singing; "Spread 
 thy blessings" &c. 
 
 FIFTEENTH SESSION. 
 Monday, May 14th, 8 1-2 a. m. — 52 members present. 
 
 Sung : "From thy holy habitation" &c. — Prayer by Br. Bahnson. 
 
 Texts of the day read. — Minutes of Saturday's Session read and adopted, 
 
 Br. Edmunds offered the following preamble and resolution, viz: 
 
 Whereas it has happened at times heretofore, and may be likely to happen 
 from time to time, that it may become the painful duty of certain 
 congregations of our beloved church, that they may have to adopt 
 rather extreme measures in order to have a change of ministers, 
 which is at all times, saying the least, a very painful duty to perform, 
 both to those who enter complaint, as likewise to those brethren 
 against whom such is made, I would therefore offer the following 
 suggestion : 
 
 "Be it resolved, that hereafter no one of our reverend officiating brethren, 
 shall serve for a longer term than six years, at one and the same sta- 
 tion or congregation, unless the congregation over which he presides 
 should desire to have him again re-instated." 
 
 On motion of Br. Weiss, the preamble and resolution were referred to the 
 "Committee on Constitution and Church Government." 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following preamble and resolution : 
 
 Whereas intemperance in the use of strong drink renders men in 
 a special degree the servants of sin, and has involved thou- 
 sands upon thousands in fearful misery and ruined body and 
 soul ; And whereas the General Synod of 1848 (see § 60 7 
 Synodal Results of 1848) adopted the following, to wit : 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 85 
 
 In consideration of the great responsibility which we should bring 
 upon ourselves, as members of a congregation of Jesus, if we 
 were not prepared, as much as lies in us, to prevent the abuse 
 of spirituous liquors in our congregations, and to remove the 
 occasions for that abuse as far as possible, the Synod resolves 
 that it should be enjoined on all congregation-conferences, 
 and especially on all congregation- wardens, to pay conscien- 
 tious attention to this point, and strictly to see to it, that, in 
 our congregation-inns, and also on the part of such private 
 persons as have had permission to engage in the trade, the 
 sale of spirituous liquor be limited to what is actually neces- 
 sary, and that no sordid consideration of gain be permitted 
 to give occasion to sin in any, whether in or out of our con- 
 nection. Should the conoTegation-conferences be unable to 
 prevent the abuse in question, and therefore resolve, supported 
 by the spirit of the congregation, and with due regard to local 
 circumstances, upon the entire discontinuance of the sale of 
 spirituous liquors in their settlements, such a measure has the 
 cordial sanction of the Synod. Therefore 
 
 Resolved, that this Provincial Synod hereby reaffirms the principles 
 involved in the foregoing preamble and resolution of the Gen- 
 eral Synod of 1848, and cordially sympathises with all proper 
 measures for the suppression of intemperance, and of the 
 manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks. 
 
 Br. Tschudy moved to amend by striking out the words "the manufac- 
 ture and sale of intoxicating drinks." 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) called for the yeas and nays on the amend- 
 ment, which resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bigler, Graeff, Jordan, Luckenbach, Masslich, 
 Miksch, Rauch, Tschudy. — 8. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Bachman, Barstow, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) 
 Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) Blum, Brown, 
 Busse, Christ, Clauder, Cortelyou, Eberman, (Naz.) Edmunds, Fahs, Goepp, 
 Hagen, Harvey, Holland, Jacobson, Kampmann, Knauss, Kummer, Len- 
 nert, Leibfried, Musselman, Peisert, Perkin, Regenass, Reichel, Reinke, 
 (Litiz) Reinke, (Staten Island) Rice, Rickert, Ricksecker, Seidel, Shultz, 
 Troeger, Weinland, Weiss, Wolle, (Dover) Wolle, (Bethl.) Wunderling. — 
 44. 
 
 The amendment was accordingly lost. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) now called the yeas and nays, on the original 
 preamble and resolution, which resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bachman, Barstow, Beckler, Bigler, Bleck, Blick- 
 ensderfer (Dover) Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) 
 Blum, Brown, Busse, Christ, Clauder, Cortelyou, Eberman, (Naz.) Eber- 
 man, (Lancaster) Edmonds, Fahs, Graeff, Hagen, Harvey, Holland, Jacob- 
 son, Jordan, Kampmann, Knauss, Kummer, Lennert, Leibfried, Masslich, 
 
88 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Musselman, Peisert, Perkin, Regenass, Reichel, Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, 
 (Staten Island) Rice, Rickert, Ricksecker, Seidel, Shultz, Troeger, Wein- 
 land, Weiss, Wolle, (Dover) Wolle, (Bethl.) W underling.— 48. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Goepp, Luckenbach, Raueh, Tschudy. — 4. 
 
 The preamble and resolution were accordingly adopted. 
 
 Br. Holland offered the following resolution, viz : 
 
 "Resolved that the members of our church are enjoined by this Synod to a 
 faithful obedience of all laws on the subject of temperance, wherever 
 they exist." 
 
 Br. Goepp proposed to amend by striking out all after the word "temper- 
 ance," and inserting "as also other laws, enacted by the proper lawful author- 
 ities." 
 
 Br. Lennert moved to lay the whole matter on the table, on which motion 
 Br. Luckenbach called the yeas and nays, which resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bachman, Beckler, Bigler, Busse, Christ, Edmonds, 
 Fahs, Graeff, Jordan, Kampmann, Lennert, Leibfried, Luckenbach, Mass- 
 lich, Miksch, Musselman, Rice, Seidel, Troeger, Tschudy, Weinland, Weiss, 
 Wunderling. — 23. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Barstow, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blickens- 
 derfer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) Blum, Brown, Clauder, 
 Cortelyou, Eberman, (Naz.) Eberman, (Lancaster) Goepp, Hagen, Harvey, 
 Holland, Jacobson, Knauss, Kummer, Peisert, Rauch, Regenass, Reichel, 
 Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, (Staten Island) Rickert, Ricksecker, Shultz, Wolle. 
 (Dover) Wolle, (Bethl.)— 29. 
 
 The motion to lay it on the table was accordingly lost. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach, offered the following amendment to Br. Goepp's amend- 
 ment : "the non-compliance with this resolution, if persisted in, shall be 
 deemed sufficient offence to expel any member from our church. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bigler, the whole matter was postponed to the afternoon. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, Synod took a recess of fifteen minutes. 
 
 On Synod's resuming business, Br. Schweinitz read the following report 
 from the "Committee on Church Publications : 
 
 Report of the Committee ok Church Publications. 
 
 The " Committee on Church Publications" beg leave to report as follows : 
 
 It is a well established fact that at these present times, the press exercises a 
 tremendous influence in the world, arid especially in this country. — 
 This influence is either a good or an evil one, according as the spirit may 
 be which directs it. Now according to New Testament teachings, 
 there are two spirits in the world — the spirit of God and the spirit of 
 Anti-Christ. The latter, in our day, is wide awake to every advantage 
 which may offer for the establishment and extension of his reign. Ac- 
 cordingly we find him applying the power of the press to his own per- 
 nicious uses. Every successive year sees a flood of publications poured 
 forth upon the land in which we dwell, calculated to poison the minds 
 -of the people, to excite the unhallowed passions of the human heart, 
 and to spread abroad an insidious infidelity which has led thousands to 
 make a shipwreck of their faith. Nor is this all. The press, in th« 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL i'TNOD. 87 
 
 hands of open blasphemy, has become a fearful engine of hell. We 
 meet with pamphlets and newspapers which boldly and fiercely assail 
 what the believer holds sacred, and mockingly sneer at everything that 
 gives comfort and peace unto his heart. Of late years there have been 
 published especially in the German language, such base revilements of 
 the name of Jesus, and such abominable perversions and applications of 
 his words, that they can only be regarded as the direct work of the 
 adversary, planned in hell, but carried out upon earth. In substantia- 
 tion of these assertions, your committee would point to the fact, that for 
 inscance in Philadelphia, it is a common thing on the part of proprie- 
 tors of so called Lager-beer-houses to preface their advertisements in 
 newspapers, with this caption : "Come unto me all ye that labor and 
 are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." This is but one example ; 
 many more might be adduced. Now how shall such pernicious and 
 baneful influences be counteracted ] The answer is self-evident. By 
 using for good the same power which Antichrist employs for evil. The 
 Christian press, directed by the spirit of God, and having in view the 
 extension of Christ's kingdom, this Christian press has exercised and 
 will continue to exercise a greater and more universal influence than 
 even the pulpit. Hence it becomes the solemn duty of Christ's Church 
 to lay hold of the weapon which the Lord has given her in order to 
 fight His battles, and publish abroad His name. 
 
 If we regard our sister evangelical denominations, we will find that most, if 
 not all of them, are fulfilling this duty. The Lutheran, the Reformed, 
 the Presbyterian, the Episcopalian, the Methodist and other churches 
 are all engaged in extensive publishing operations, and generally have 
 church papers and church magazines in abundance. No one can deny 
 that these publications have done a vast amount of good and been blessed 
 by God to the conversion and sanctification of many souls. But this 
 blessing has been laid, in an especial manner, upon the labors of the 
 American Tract Society, which by its papers and tracts gains access to 
 thousands of thousands of the people. 
 
 It is natural, therefore, that we should inquire— what has the American 
 Moravian Church accomplished through the power of the press ] 
 
 As much as thirty three years ago. namely in the year 1822, the publication 
 of a magazine was commenced in the city of Philadelphia, entitled 
 "The Missionary Intelligencer." This journal had, indeed, an existence 
 of 27 years, but inasmuch as it confined itself exclusively to the ad- 
 vancement of the foreign missions, containing scarcely any other mat- 
 ter than letters from and diaries of our missionary brethren, and inas- 
 much as it appeared but quarterly, its influence for good was compara- 
 tively small. Hence the Synod of 1849 determined on the publication 
 of a monthly magazine, entitled "The Moravian Church Miscellany." 
 This resolution was carried into effect, and the first number of the work 
 appeared in the month of January, 1850. Without intending in any 
 way, to call in question the advantage which may have resulted from 
 this publication to our own church, and to the cause of Christ in gen- 
 eral ; your committee are nevertheless, unanimously of opinion, that 
 the Miscellany, in its present shape and form, does not permit us to 
 make that use of the press which we might and should make, and is 
 not calculated to satisfy the wants and necessities of the church. Your 
 committee believe that the time has come, when the Lord requires of 
 us to take a more decided stand among the other churches of the land, 
 when we are to speak to them, even as they speak to us, and when they 
 
88 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 and we together are to cry aloud unto all who will hear : "Repent, for 
 the kingdom of God is at hand." And even as the press is the^brgan 
 of speech, so must the press become our organ of speech. The great 
 religious questions of the day, agitating as they do the entire Christian 
 Church, have heretofore been passed by in silence on our part ; we 
 have contented ourselves with accounts from the foreign and home- 
 mission fields, and with occasional communications relative to our own 
 local interests and concerns. But the age is too momentous an one 
 for any evangelical church to hold its peace, and more especially for 
 our church, which is so rich in the experience and wisdom given by 
 history. It would be contrary to the will of Christ, were we not now 
 to strive and make known and felt in this conntry, that there is a Mo- 
 ravian Church, a church which has been wonderfully founded, as won- 
 derfully renewed, and which may be preserved for enacting an import- 
 ant part in the final development of the kingdom of God. 
 
 It is therefore the unanimous opinion of your committee, that, instead of the 
 Miscellany, a weekly paper should be established, by means of which 
 all these objects may, with the Lord's blessing, be gained, and those 
 duties fulfilled which we owe to the cause of our Saviour. 
 
 In accordance with this opinion, your committee beg leave to recommend 
 the following resolutions : 
 
 Resolved ; 1. That a Moravian Bookstore and Publication-office be estab- 
 lished, and be located in the city of Philadelphia, because this city, 
 more than any other, is frequented by our western and southern breth- 
 ren. 
 
 2. That at this office a weekly church paper be published, instead of 
 the present Church Miscellany. 
 
 3. That the publication of this paper be in the hands of three editors 
 and one publisher, all of whom are to be appointed by the Synod and 
 be responsible to Synod ; that it shall be the duty of the publisher and 
 editors to attend to all things which the respective names imply. 
 
 4. That the publisher shall reside in the city of Philadelphia, and be at 
 the same time agent of the bookstore, but that it be not necessary for 
 any of the editors, to reside in said city. 
 
 5. That the weekly paper shall be an unofficial one, that is, that all com- 
 munications and correspondence shall be inserted on the responsibility 
 of the respective authors, and that for the editorials, the editors shall be 
 responsible to the Synod. 
 
 6. That in order to make the paper as interesting as possible, the editors 
 shall enter into a direct correspondence with our foreign and home-mis- 
 sionaries ; admit into the columns all such communications as are 
 written in that spirit which becomes a church of brethren ; insert into 
 each JVo. a youth's department, intended especially for the children of 
 our Sunday-schools; and also a department of general news. 
 
 7. That the paper shall be printed by contract at some established print- 
 ing office in Philadelphia; that the price of subscription shall be $1 50 
 per annum, payable in advance ; and that the first number appear in 
 the first week of the year 1856. — 
 
 8. That in the Moravian Bookstore there be kept for sale a full assort- 
 ment of all the English and German works published by the Church, 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL] bliNOi). &i) 
 
 a collection of miscellaneous religious and school books, and stationery ; 
 that all orders for Church books, from any of our congregations be sent 
 to the agent in Philadelphia and by him be filled. 
 
 9. That a suitable store-room forthwith be rented in some convenient 
 locality in said city, for the immediate opening of this bookstore ; and 
 that, in order to insure the success of the enterprise, the principals of 
 our boarding-shools be requested to deal so far as practicable, with this 
 church book store, for the stationery and school books needed by the 
 respective institutions. 
 
 10. That the agent of the book store receive aji annual salary of 
 
 dollars from the Treasurer of the sustentation fund, but that all profits 
 of the store or of the publication office go to said fund. 
 
 11. That in order to render an immediate commencement of the pro- 
 ject possible, the Synod appropriate^ capital of dollars from the 
 
 sustentation fund, and invest it in the book store and publication office. 
 
 In support of these resolutions your committee beg leave to state, that they 
 have made an estimate of the probable number of subscribers to a weekly 
 paper, which might be obtained within the bounds of the American 
 Church, and believe that with the proper exertion, one thousand sub- 
 scribers could be found to begin with. One thousand subscribers would 
 insure an annual income of $1500, which would cover the expenses 
 connected with the publication. At the same time, however, your com- 
 mittee feel bound to state, that from estimates sent in for their consider- 
 ation, the costs of publication would be considerably less at Bethlehem, 
 than in Philadelphia. Nevertheless, under the conviction that a pub- 
 lication office in a city, would necessarily exercise a greater influence, 
 and make our church better known, and stand in closer connection 
 with the publication offices of other denominations, they have recom- 
 mended the resolutions as given above. 
 
 As regards the book store, your committee are confident of its success, pro- 
 vided it be properly conducted. And, in this connection, they beg 
 leave to recommend to the consideration of the Synod, Br. G. Perkin, 
 as a brother well qualified to discharge the duties of an agent and pub- 
 lisher. 
 
 As to the translation of the first volume of Groeger's history of the Breth- 
 ren's Church, your committee recommend that an abridged translation 
 of the three volumes in one be made. 
 
 EDMUND SCHWEINITZ, Chairman. 
 
 H. G. CLAUDER, 
 FRANCIS JORDAN. 
 T. R. HARVEY, 
 CHAS. F. SEIDEL. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to take up the report. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz, accordingly read the first resolution. 
 
 "Resolved, that a Moravian book store and publication office be established 
 and that it be located in the city of Philadelphia, because this city, 
 more than any other, is frequented by our western and southern breth- 
 ren." 
 
 i2 
 
90 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Considerable discussion ensued here, and various suggestions were made 
 by the brethren in reference to the resolution. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to adjourn to 1 1-2 P. M. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to adjourn to 2 P. M. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to adjourn to 3 P. M. 
 
 The question having been taken on the motion to adjourn to 3 P. M., it 
 was lost. 
 
 The question having been taken on the motion to adjourn to 2 P. M., it 
 was carried. * 
 
 Whereupon the Svnod adjourned, after singing : "Help us thv pleasure to 
 fulfill." 
 
 SIXTEENTH SESSION. 
 
 2 p. Wt: — iO members present. 
 
 Sung : "That cause shall never suffer harm." &C. 
 Prayer by Br. Reinke (Staten Island.) 
 
 The President announced that the "Committee on Internal Arrange- 
 ment" was ready to report. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to suspend the report of "Committee on Church Publi- 
 cations" in order to hear the report of the "Committee on Internal Arrange- 
 ments." Agreed to. 
 
 • Br. Lennert read the following report from said committee. 
 
 REPOKT. 
 
 The committee on the internal arrangements of particular congregations beg 
 leave to report : that in several sittings had, they have carefully consider- 
 ed the four sections of chapter second of the Synodal results of 1847. 
 They have no alterations or amendments to what is therein contained 
 to offer, but would suggest to the Synod the propriety of impressing 
 upon our next Provincial Elders' Conference the duty of acting as um- 
 pire when diificulties arise, and differences of opinions and views are 
 had between the Elders' Conferences and 2Utf|ci)cr*£cUcjitum6, or be- 
 tween pastors and their committees, or between pastors and their con- 
 gregations, and they in such case are appealed to by either party. It 
 being the duty of the P. E. C. to decide in the matter according to its 
 conscientious convictions after having instituted a thorough investiga- 
 tion. (See § 67 and § 69 of Synodal results of 1847.) As to § 73 recom- 
 mending "the re-introduction of choirmeetings wherever practicable" 
 your committee learned that such meetings find no favor with our peo- 
 ple, and that in certain congregations where the attempt was made, 
 such meetings were discontinued. In connection with these " choir- 
 meetings," the celebration ot the Choir-Festival-Days was likewise con- 
 sidered — though rightly belonging to the committee on ritual — and your 
 committee was unanimous in declaring it as their settled opinion, that 
 the intent and purpose for which such choir-days were originally intro- 
 duced, is no longer answered by their observance, some of the members 
 of the respective choirs refusing to take part in the exercises. Still they 
 could not take it upon themselves to recommend the abolishing of them, 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 91 
 
 but would rather have the Synod to permit every congregation to con- 
 tinue or discontinue them as a majority of its members may decide. 
 
 With regard to the resolutions from Br. Wunderling and referred to this 
 committee, viz : 
 
 Whereas it is extremely unpleasant for a minister, when removed from one 
 station to another, to be without rules to regulate the adjustment of 
 property matters between himself and his successor or predecessor, there- 
 fore 
 
 Resolved, that the committee on internal arrangements be instructed to in- 
 quire into the expediency of adopting some fixed rules to regulate such 
 matters." 
 
 With regard to this resolution, it is the opinion of your committee that in 
 these matters no fixed rules can be adopted, but that the brethren con- 
 cerned should seek to come to a brotherly understanding, and that in 
 case they cannot agree, then their committee should act as umpire. 
 
 WM. L. LENNERT, Chairman. 
 THEOPHILUS WUNDERLING, Secretary. 
 
 Samuel reinke, 
 joseph eberman, 
 john p.' blum, 
 isaac bliokensderfer. 
 francis jordan, 
 john c. leibfried, 
 charles a. luckenbach. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the report was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved that the "Committee on use of the Lot" be permitted 
 to report. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Eberman (Nazareth) read the following report from said committee : 
 
 Report of the Committee osr the use of the Lot. 
 
 The question of abolishing the use of the lot was presented to our considera- 
 tion in the communicationsfrom our congregation of New- York and 
 Hope, Indiana ; but inasmuch as these congregations themselves, 
 whilst desiring to have the lot abolished as a church institution, yet ex- 
 press their wish to have it only applied in a direct and special manner; 
 and inasmuch as it seems to us, that the objections generally made to 
 the use of the lot are founded more upon the abuses and misapplication 
 thereof than upon any well established doubts as to the propriety of 
 this church institution, when properly and justly applied ; and inas- 
 much as we therefore believe that it is only necessary for the use of the 
 lot to be restricted within its proper limits, and confined in its applica- 
 tion to the first principles of the church ; — your committee respectfully 
 suggests, the adoption of the following resolutions, as the voice of this 
 Synod respecting the use of the lot. 
 
 Resolved 1. That the lot shall be used when the servant or servants of the 
 church are utterly at a loss in respect of knowing the will of the Lord 
 and shall only bind him or them who cast it. 
 
 Resolved 2. That the Provincial Elders' Conference shall not use the lot in 
 the appointments and calls of ministers. 
 
92 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Resolved 3. That any brother who desires to have a special lot, to direct him 
 in the acceptance or refusal of an appointment, shall have the privilege 
 upon his making application therefor to the P. E. C. in writing ; and 
 is bound to obey its decision. 
 
 W. EBERMAN, 
 
 H. G CLAUDER, 
 
 J. H. KUMMER, 
 
 LEWIS F. KAMPMANN, 
 
 JOHN W. RAUCH, 
 
 C. D. BUSSE, 
 
 JACOB BLICKENSDERFER. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck the report was laid on the table, and the report of 
 the " Committee on Church Publications" was taken up. 
 
 Synod proceeded with the consideration of the first resolution. 
 
 Br, Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend by striking out all after the 
 word " Philadelphia." Agreed to. 
 
 After considerable discussion, Br. Schweinitz offered the following resolu- 
 tions, viz : 
 
 " Resolved, that inasmuch as it is desirable to hear the report of the " Com- 
 mittee on Finance," in connection with the recommendation of the 
 " Committee on Church Publications," the further consideration of the 
 report of said committee be deferred until the report of the " Committee 
 on Finance" has been presented." 
 
 " Resolved, that the report of the " Committee on Church Publications" be 
 taken up next in order after the report of the " Finance Committee." 
 
 The resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The report of the " Comnrttee on Internal Arrangements" was now in 
 order and the Synod proceeded to consider the same. 
 
 As chapter 6 of Synodal results of 1847 had been recommended to Synod 
 by said committee for readoption, 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen, the President read the chapter. 
 
 Br. Bleck proposed to amend the last clause of paragraph 64 of chapter 
 2, by changing "subscribe" to "assent", and "subscribed" to "assented." 
 
 The question having been taken on this amendment, it was lost. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend the paragraph, by striking 
 out all after adopted, and inserting " by provincial and general Synods." — 
 Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) paragraph 64 was adopted. 
 
 The President then read paragraph 68. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, P. H. C. was changed into P. E. C. and the 
 
 paragraph, as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Hagen offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Inasmuch as every congregation is at liberty to prepare a draft of rules, sub- 
 ject to the sanction of the P. E. C, the ministers of our various congre- 
 gations be requested to use their best endeavors to carry out the pro-* 
 visions of paragraph 64, as amended." 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 98 
 
 The Synod being equally divided on this resolution, it was lost. 
 
 The President read paragraph 66, which after some discussion was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Clauder paragraph 67 was adopted. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend paragragh 68 by inserting 
 after appointment "not made by the Synod" — agreed to, and the paragraph 
 as amended was adopted. 
 
 The President read paragraph 69. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend by striking out the words, 
 "no congregation has any right to protest against the proceedings of the P. 
 E. C. in the removal of their ministers ; and though" Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend the last clause of the same 
 paragraph by striking out all except the last sentence, from "conference"' to 
 "disposition." — Agreed to, — and the paragragh as amended was adopted. 
 
 The President passed on to the third section of chapter 6. Synodal results 
 of 1847. 
 
 Br. Lennert called the attention of the Synod to that part of the report of 
 the "Committee on Internal Arrangements," which referred to paragraph 73 of 
 this section, when Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to recommit the mat- 
 ter relating to the choir-meetings and choir-festivals to the "Committee on In- 
 ternal Arrangements" with instructions to report a section embracing their 
 views in concise form to be adopted in lieu of paragraph 73, chapter 6, Synod- 
 al results of 1847. Agreed to. 
 
 Paragraph 74, 78, 76 and 77, were, after reading, respectively adopted. 
 
 On motion the Synod Rejourned to Tuesday, 8 1-2 A. M., after singing: 
 "ftricfccugfont;}, «5cnn'g ecin ^iLlc." it. f. n\ 
 
 SEVENTEENTH SESSION. 
 
 Tuesday. May 15th, 8 1-2 i>. m. — 45 members present. 
 
 Sung: "Blessed Jesus, all our hearts incline" &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Kummer. — Texts of the day read. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's Session read, amended and adopted. 
 
 The President proceeded to call on committees to report, when Br. Wolle 
 (Bethl.) read the following report from the " Committee on Education" : 
 
 Report of the Committee on Education. 
 
 The committee to whom was referred the 8th chapter of the Synodal results 
 of 1848, treating on Education, beg leave to report, in part, as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 The time afforded to your committee did not allow of as thorough an invest- 
 igation of the subjects committed to them, as they desired ; and con- 
 sidering the vital importance of the future interests of our Church, of 
 that institution in which is trained its ministry, they regarded it their 
 duty to bestow their chief attention upon the Theological Seminary and 
 the preparatory class of students attached to it. 
 
94 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 There is scarcely a more prominent and healthful sign of the times in our 
 church, than the general longing for its greater efficiency and for the 
 enlargement of its borders. This, we fully believe, is the work of di- 
 vine grace, and springs from a more intense and operative affection for 
 human souls. In the course of providence we seem to be imperatively 
 called upon to break forth from our narrow bounds, to go out and bear the 
 tidings of a crucified Saviour to many destitute places, yea, to preach 
 the Gospel of peace through the entire length and breadth of the land. 
 
 But a great impediment presents itself at the very threshold of any attempt 
 at extensive operations of a missionary character. It is the want of a 
 sufficiently numerous, intelligent, and well-trained ministry. We might 
 call for recruits from the body of the church ; and animated by holy 
 zeal, and inspired by devotedness to the Savior, our missionary enter- 
 prizes might still be carried on vigorously and efficiently. But we are 
 obliged to confess to a sad destitution among us of such who by educa- 
 tion might be supposed to be fitted for the work, or prepared in any man- 
 ner to cope with the difficulties of the present age. The number of 
 young men, trained to occupy the higher positions of usefulness in so- 
 ciety, is very limited : and the means of the great majority of our peo- 
 ble are insufficient to meet the expenses of a liberal education. Pious 
 young men, willing and eager to devote themselves to the service of 
 Christ in our church, as preachers of the Gospel, have occasionally been 
 found, but for want of funds to meet the exigency of their education, or 
 for want of a suitable institution to receive them, they have been turned 
 back to their worldly avocation*, or to seek congenial employment in 
 the bosom of sister churches. 
 
 Entertaining these opinions, your committee offer the following preamble 
 and resolutions : 
 
 Whereas it seems very desirable that the Church should have an institution 
 in which the youths of our congregations can pursue a collegiate course 
 of studies, either with a view to fit themselves for the various avoca- 
 tions of life, or with the ulimate object of entering the ministry, there- 
 fore 
 
 "Resolved 1. That a Moravian College be established, into which shall be 
 admitted not only such Moravian children as have previously com- 
 menced a course of studies in Nazareth Hall, and desire to continue 
 them, but also such youth in any of our congregations, as have com- 
 menced their studies elsewhere, and wish to pursue a collegiate course 
 under the auspices of the church : and that every endeavor be made to 
 have this institution endowed. 
 
 2. That the course of instruction embrace all those branches which belong 
 
 to a full collegiate course, and that a careful instruction in the doc- 
 trines of the Christian religion be combined therewith. 
 
 3. That the commencement of this Moravian College be at once made with 
 
 the Moravian members of the select class at Nazareth Hall. 
 
 4. That the P. E. Conference be instructed to enter into such negotiations 
 
 with the Nazareth congregation as may result in an exchange of the 
 present seminary building, (the Naz. Sisters House) for the building and 
 land, called Ephrata ; and that both the Moravian College and the 
 Theological Seminary be located there ; and that steps be taken to have 
 the same incorporated, as soon as possible. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL .SYNOD. 95 
 
 5. That the professors of the college shall be members of the Moravian 
 church, and the principal professor be a married man. 
 
 PART II. 
 
 In view of the fact that our church institutions of learning at the East, owing 
 to distance, expense and the want of preparatory knowledge on the part 
 of the young men in our western congregations, are rendered almost en- 
 tirely inaccessible to them — 
 
 In view further, of the great lack of properly educated men to enter the 
 ministry in the church, and especially the Home-mission service ; and, 
 to afford our youth in the West an opportunity to fit themselves for an 
 intelligent, active and useful discharge of their Christian duties in 
 general, as well as to prepare suitable candidates for entering the The- 
 ological Seminary at Nazareth. 
 
 " Resolved 1. That this Synod favors the establishment of a Moravian High 
 School, at or near Sharon, Ohio. 
 
 2. That as soon as a sufficient quantity of land shall have been procured, and 
 the requisite building or buldings shall have been erected by the west- 
 ern congregations, the P. E. C. shall be required to appoint a compe- 
 tent professor, and to secure for him a suitable salary from any means at 
 their disposal. 
 
 PART III. 
 
 As regards the Theological Seminary, your committee propose the following 
 resolutions : 
 
 1. That the course of . instruction in our Theological Seminary shall be of 
 
 three year's duration, and that previous to admission into it, candidates 
 must be examined as to their acquirements; and that none be received 
 unless they give evidence not only of the sincerity of their purposes, but 
 also of their practical piety. 
 
 2. That we highly favor the measure of receiving pious young men into the 
 
 Seminary, even without a previous collegiate education, if they approve 
 themselves otherwise well qualified for the service of the church. 
 
 3. That such young men be encouraged to come forward, and that we call 
 
 upon the respective congregations to raise the means among themselves 
 for the entire or partial support of such ; hoping thereby to beget a more 
 direct and lively interest in the prosperity of this institution. 
 
 4. That in consideration of the annual contribution which the Southern 
 
 Conference makes to the support of the Theological Seminary, they 
 are entitled to enter students into this institution, and are also fully en- 
 titled from time to time to the services of a student at the expiration of 
 his term. 
 
 5. That the professors in the Seminary must be men of decided piety, and 
 
 literary acquirements, and the principal professor a man of ministerial 
 experience ; and that the spiritual charge over the students belongs to 
 the principal professor, and must be faithfully attended to by him. 
 
 6. That the annual appropriation for the Library of the Theological Semina- 
 
 ry be increased from thirty to fifty dollars, and that the faculty of the 
 college and seminary have the right to expend the money and select 
 the books. 
 
&6 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 7. That the principal professor of the Theological Seminary be for the fu- 
 / ture elected by the Synod, and that the first election be held ai this 
 
 time, in order to fill the present vacancy without delay. 
 
 8. That the brother from the South, being an advisory member, is entitled 
 
 to one vote at the present election. 
 
 9. That the professor be accountable for his official acts to the P. E. C. and 
 
 that in the interval between two Synods the P. E. C. have the power 
 ot filling vacancies and of removal in case of delinqency and disabilitiy 
 on the part of the professor. 
 
 SYLV. WOLLE, Chairman, 
 
 EDMUND SCHWEINITZ, Secretary. 
 
 F. HAGEN, 
 L. KAMPMANN, 
 F. HOLLAND, 
 A. REINKE, 
 E. REICHEL. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the report was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to take up the report of the " Committee on the use of 
 the Lot." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that the resolutions of said committee be now taken iri 
 consideration. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to amend, " be now taken up separately." Agreed to. 
 
 The President read the first resolution of the report, when Br. Goepp, 
 moved to lay the first resolution on the table, and take up the 2d, first. — 
 Agreed to. 
 
 The President read the second resolution of the report as follows : 
 
 "Resolved, that the Provincial Elders' Conference shall not use the lot in the 
 appointments and calls of ministers." 
 
 This resolution elicited considerable discussion, and expression of opinion, 
 when Br. Kampmann, offered the following amendment : 
 
 "Resolved, that the P. E. C. may use the lot for their own direction in the 
 giving of calls ; but shall not be allowed to allege such a lot as a reason 
 for a call given to a brother." 
 
 Br. Schweinilz, offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that the lot shall be used in one case viz : when a brother who 
 has received a call from the P. E. C. requests a special lot for himself." 
 
 Br. Hagen called the yeas and nays, which resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren, Barstow, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blum, Brown, 
 Busse, Christ, Clauder, Eberman, (Naz.) Eberman, (Lancaster) Edmonds] 
 Egbert, Fahs, Graeff, Holland, Jordan, Leibfried, Luckenbach, Musselman, 
 Peisert, Rauch, Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, (Staten Island) Rice, Rickert, 
 Schweinitz, Troeger, Weinland, Weiss. — 28, 
 
 Nays.— The brethren, Bachman, Beckler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Sharon) 
 Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) Cortelyou, Goepp, Hagan, Heckert, Jacob- 
 son, Kampmann, Kummer, Masslich, Oehler, Regenass, Reichel, Ricksecker, 
 Shultz, Wolle, (Dover) Wolle, (Bethl.) Wunderling.— 22. 
 
 So the resolution was adopted. 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 97 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) now moved to amend the above resolution 
 as follows ; strike out the words, " one case" and insert, " two cases" ; and 
 append the following : 
 
 2. "When the P. E. C. in making appointments are utterly unable to decide 
 between two or more brethren, the question may be asked by lot, to 
 whom shall the offer be first made, but such use of the lot shall be bind- 
 ing on the P. E. C. only, and not on the person to whom such offer is 
 made." 
 
 On which amendment Br. Bleck called the yeas and nays, which resulted 
 as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren, Bachman, Beckler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Sharon) 
 Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) Cortelyou, Goepp, Hagen, Harvey, Heck- 
 ert, Jacobson, Kummer, Masslich, Miksch, Musselman, Oehler, Regenass, 
 Reichel, Reinke, (Litiz) Ricksecker, Shultz, Weinland, Wolle, (Dover) Wolle, 
 (Bethl.) Wunderling.— 25. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren, Barstow, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blum, Brown, 
 Busse, Christ, Clauder, Eberman, (Naz.) Eberman, (Lancaster) Edmonds, 
 Egbert, Fahs, Holland, Jordan, Kampmann, Leibfried, Luckenbach, Peisert, 
 Reinke, (Staten Island) Rice, Schweinitz, Troeger, Weiss, — 23. 
 
 Br. Goepp now called for the question, on the adoption of the resolutions 
 as amended, pending which, ths Synod adjourned to 3 P. M., after singing ; 
 
 " @o langc 3cfu$ Mcibt fccr Jpcrr," u. f. w. 
 
 EIGHTEENTH SESSION. 
 3 p. M. — 44 members present. 
 
 Sung : " 3n attctt mcinctt Xfyatcn," u. f. w. — Prayer by Br. Oehler. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz offered the following preamble and resolution : 
 
 " Whereas it is the duty of this Synod to conduct all its deliber- 
 ations in a spirit of brotherly kindness, and when difficulties 
 occur, to let the law of love supersede all other laws, therefore 
 
 " Resolved, that the rules be now suspended, and the resolution in 
 reference to the lot offered by the brother from Philadelphia, 
 and the resolution in reference to the same subject offered by 
 the brother from Sharon, stand side by side, and are now be- 
 fore the Synod for a final vote, and that the vote be taken 
 upon the adoption of each resolution separately." 
 
 This preamble and resolution were, after considerable conversation with- 
 drawn and on motion of Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) the whole matter was 
 recommitted to the " Committee on the use of the Lot." 
 
 Br. Lennert read the following report in part, from the " Committee on 
 Internal Arrangements" : 
 
 13 
 
98 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Report from the Committee on Interna! Arrangements &c. 
 
 Your committee having learned that in obedience with the recommendation 
 contained in § 73, the attempt has been made in several of our eastern 
 and western congregations to re-introduce " special meetings for the 
 respective choirs,' 1 " but that in some of them they found little favor with 
 the members ; and inasmuch as many of our members will not attend 
 the special meetings on their choir-festival days, and hence the end and 
 aim for which they were originally introduced is not answered, though 
 to the persons taking part in them they may prove to be a blessing, 
 
 " Resolved therefore, that the different congregations be allowed by this 
 Provincial Synod to decide for themselves wnat choir-meetings shall be 
 held and what choir-festivals shall be observed." 
 
 In the name of Committee of Internal Arrangements. 
 
 WM. L. LENNERT, Chairman. 
 On motion of Br. Holland, the report was adopted. 
 
 Br. Goepp read the following report, in part, from the " Committee on 
 Finance." «•"• — "*~* — ""<*" 
 
 ..- REPORT. 
 
 The committee on Finance and all matters relating to Chapter IV. of the 
 results of the Provincial Synod of 1847 report to the Synod as follows : 
 
 The committee in the first place beg leave to state historical facts as to the 
 origin of the several financial concerns in this Province of the United 
 Brethren's church, and to the actual position or relation, in which 
 they stand to each other. 
 
 II. To give a statement of the amount of property, which at this time is 
 
 under the control of the church of this province. 
 
 III. To suggest a few leading principles in relation to the management, of 
 the same and of the appropriations to be made of the income of the 
 funds belonging to the church. 
 
 IV. After having given these statements in the way of a preamble, they 
 propose to recommend a series of resolutions bearing upon the financial 
 interests of the church for the adoption of the Synod. 
 
 I. STATEMENT OF HISTORICAL FACTS. 
 
 Up to the year 1771, that is to say, during the first thirty years from the 
 establishment of the U. Brn's Church in this country the whole of the 
 Moravian property was held either by single individuals, or by joint 
 tenants or tenants in common in their individual capacity. The number 
 of acres so held in 1771 amounted to upwards of 17000, which were 
 valued at the rate of $5 1-3 per. acre in the aggregate worth $85,000. 
 These lands had been bought by brethren either residing in Europe, or 
 who had come over to this country for that purpose ; they had been 
 paid for either in cash out of the funds belonging individually to these 
 brethren, or by bonds and securities given in their individual names. 
 
 The ultimate ends in all these transactions were the furtherance and promo- 
 ting of the kingdom of our Lord, but why they thought fit to acquire so 
 large tracts of land, remains to the present time unexplained. One thing 
 is certain, that our ancestors had no intention whatever at this time, of 
 speculating in the purchase and sale of lands. Upon these lands sever- 
 al congregations had been established, which up to 1771 had no property 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 99 
 
 of their own, their financial concerns being mixed up with the general 
 management of the affairs of the church in this country. The members 
 of the congregations were mostly poor, and in some of them even asso- 
 ciated into a common household. Every thing was carried on on a 
 small scale and in an humble way. 
 
 After the death of Count Zinzendorf in 1760— or more properly speaking* 
 even before — it became apparent, that, owing to the much more liberal 
 if not extravagant spirit of the management of the church affairs in 
 Europe, to the frequency of changes and removals of ministers and 
 laborers, and to the costly household of the so-called " Pilgrim's Con- 
 gregation," the Church at large — or more properly speaking — the 
 brethren, who had lent their names and their means to the carrying on 
 of the operations of the church, were indebted to an amount exceeding 
 the assets in their hands to a sum of nearly one million of Thalars ($750,- 
 000.) At the Synods held in 1764 and 1769, the ministers and repre- 
 sentatives of the church unanimously resolved, to take this heavy respon- 
 sibility from the shoulders of the Zinzendorf family and of all other 
 individuals, and to institute a financial board, called the Unity's Ward- 
 ens' College, whose exclusive business it should be, to manage the 
 whole of the assets as a trust-fund, for the purpose of providing for the 
 regular payment of interest, and if possible, with the help of the Lord, 
 for the payment of the principal also. This was originally the only 
 object for which the Unity's Wardens' College was ^created. They 
 were not to provide for the wants of sustentation, education or missions, 
 which were to be provided for by individuals and voluntary contribu- 
 tions, or by contributions of the several congregations. Thus the 
 Unity's Property in general was according to the principles of the Synod 
 of 1764 and 1769 a mere trust-fund, the U. W. College were the assign- 
 ees entrusted with that fund for the benefit of the creditors and event- 
 ually for the benefit of the Unity. The several congregations were to 
 stand entirely by themselves and not to depend upon any aid from that 
 quarter. 
 
 Now, in order to enable our congregations in Bethlehem and Nazareth, so 
 to do, having no property of their own, a settlement was arranged be- 
 tween these congregations and the U. W. College. Bethlehem, in 
 1771, received nearly four thousand acres of land, in consideration of 
 which it assumed debts of the Unity to the amount of about $87,000; 
 the lands, improvements and houses and all other property being esti- 
 mated at what was then considered a fair valuation. This was the 
 origin of the congregation Diacony of Bethlehem ; a similar arrange- 
 ment took place between Nazareth and the U. W. College in 1772 and 
 1775. Litiz congregation Diacony was established in a similar manner 
 but on a somewhat smaller scale. These congregations agreed in a 
 brotherly way not to entertain any further claims on the property of the 
 Unity ; but on the other hand the agreement was understood to be a 
 fair contract, releasing likewise these congregations from all distinct 
 claims on the part of the Unity in general. 
 
 What remained of the Unity's property in this section of the country was 
 and up to this time has been under the management of an agent of the 
 U. W. College, called the Unity's Administrator. It is an integral 
 part of what was an original trust-fund, established for the only pur- 
 pose of paying off an enormous weight of liabilities. 
 
 The necessities of the church in general in this country or in this province 
 were to be provided for by the contributions from the several congrega- 
 
100 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 tion Diaconies and by individual contributions ; the management of the 
 money affairs of the church was called the Sustentation and Educational 
 Diacony. Sustentation Diacony and Unity's Administration were en- 
 tirely independent from each other and are so to this day ; although for 
 a length of time under the management of one and the same brother, 
 the Unity's Administrator, he being a member of the P. E. C. ex officio. 
 
 From what has been stated it will be evident, that originally the Sustenta- 
 tion Diacony had no claims on the Administration, nor the latter on 
 the former. There were claims in existence from the very beginning 
 of the Sustentation Diacony against the Congregation Diaconies. — 
 These claims have been settled in 1851 as to Bethlehem, and are about 
 being settled as to Nazareth and Litiz. 
 
 Our city and country congregations have been standing on their own foot- 
 ing ever since they were established, in conformity with the system 
 adopted by the General Synod of 1769. 
 
 In the course, of time the General Synods held at different times in 1775, 
 '82, '89, 1801, '18, '25, '36 and '48 deviated considerably in their resolu- 
 tion concerning financial matters from the principles laid down in 1764 
 and 1769, but their deviations would never rightfully affect our congre- 
 gations, inasmuch as they had entered into their agreements with the 
 Unity on the dictinct principles of the Synods of 1764 and '69. In the 
 course of time relief was afforded on the part of the U. W. College to a 
 number of embarrassed congregations in Europe, and even our place-con- 
 gregations, had, contrary to the spirit of the old system, large sums ad- 
 vanced to them on the part of the Unity, and occasionally even accepted 
 of direct donations or appropriations. Bethlehem was up to 1837 in- 
 debted to the Unity to the amount of $80,000; Nazareth $50,000 ; 
 Litiz $12,000 for which sums at first five per cent and latterly only 
 four and a half per cent were asked. The Sustentation Diacony 
 was likewise occasionally very materially relieved by the Unity by year- 
 ly appropriations and as late as 1847 the Unity's W. College remitted 
 to Nazareth Hall a debt, that had accumulated to the amount of nearly 
 $14,000. But to our knowledge our city and country congregations 
 have never had any direct relief afforded to them by the Unity in gen- 
 eral, only indirectly through our Sustentation Diacony. 
 
 Our place-congregations, at least Bethlehem and Nazareth, having through 
 the mercy of the Lord succeeded in gradually freeing themselves from 
 nearly the whole of their indebtedness, they as well as Litiz, are now 
 enabled and willing (and Bethlehem has already done so) to relinquish 
 a part of their property, nearly one half of the same, to the Sustentation 
 Diacony, but on the express condition, that the funds so transferred to 
 the Sustentation Diacony remain unimpaired and undiminished as a 
 trust-fund held by the P. E. C. or by the church of our province, for the 
 purpose of appropriating the yearly income to be derived therefrom for 
 the benefit of our Sustentation and Educational Diacony, and for no 
 other purpose whatever. The capital is to remain untouched and un- 
 diminished. 
 
 Our city and country congregations as yet have no funds belonging to them 
 beyond their own necessities, and therefore cannot be expected to settle 
 with the church in this province ; but the church on the other hand has 
 hitherto considered itself bound, and will continue to do so, to adminis- 
 ter to their wants as far as is practicable. 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 101 
 
 As the Unity in general has succeeded in extinquishing entirely the excess 
 of liabilities over their assets, and as there is now even a yearly surplus 
 of income, the U. W. College have for a length of time regularly appro- 
 priated their surplus of income towards relieving embarrassed Diaconies 
 and congregations, and even towards the relief of the European Susten- 
 tation Diacony. Now as our embarrassed city and country congre- 
 gations stand likewise very much in need of some such relief, the ques- 
 tion might arise, whether they, or we in their name, ought not to 
 look towards our brethren of the U. E. C. for some relief out of 
 the Unity] But whether our brethren in Europe are actually enabled 
 to do something in that way, considering the heavy liabilities, with 
 which as yet a great many of our European congregation Diaconies are 
 encumbered, and for which the Unity in general has made itself liable, 
 contrary to the spirit and letter of the Synod of 17(39, is quite a differ- 
 ent question, which your committee could not take upon themselves to 
 answer. If some such demands were actually made, our brethren in 
 Europe would probably set up against it a long statement of relief 
 actually afforded to our Diaconies, the necessity of which under a differ- 
 ent management might have been avoided, but which nevertheless have 
 been accepted, and have been the very cause, why we here only lately 
 seriously thought of standing on our own feet, and digging up the tal- 
 ents, that had been entrusted to us, but had been buried in the ground. 
 Your committee therefore is inclined to consider it to be the best and 
 fairest policy not to prefer any such claims, but to stand independent 
 as to the financial affairs, being connected with our brethren in Europe 
 as to financial affairs only by the bonds of mutual brotherly love. 
 
 II. STATEMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF PROPERTY, 
 
 which is at this time under the control of the church of this province. 
 
 A. Propertt belonging to the Sustentation Diacont not subject 
 
 to ant Trust. 
 
 I. Monet on Interest. 
 
 Nazareth Hall, $9600 00 
 
 Congregation at Philadelphia, 500 00 
 
 do. at Brooklyn, 2000 00 
 
 do. at W ate rtown, Wise. 100 00 
 
 Iowa Settlement, 100 00 
 
 Unity's Administration, Beth. 1716 00 
 
 II. Stocks : 
 Bethlehem Water Co., 200 00 
 
 Lehigh Bridge Co., (7. sh.) 700 00 
 
 III. Houses in Bethlehem 
 Widows' House, Bookvalue. 2416 00 
 
 S. S. House, do 1600 00 
 
 Old Church ; bought at 2000 00 
 
 President's House, 2648 00 
 
 IV. Land : 
 
 Hoped ale old Lot, 1950 00 
 
 Parsonage Lot, 1327 00 
 
 3277 00 
 
 14016 00 
 
 900 00 
 
 8664 00 
 
 $23,580 00 
 
102 
 
 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Brought over 
 
 3277 00 
 
 $ 23580 00 
 
 Hebron at Lebanon, 
 
 1475 00 
 
 
 
 
 4752 00 
 100 00 
 
 V. Furniture, 
 
 
 VI. Bookstore, 
 
 
 639 00 
 
 VII. Debtors in 
 
 Account Ci 
 
 7RRENT : 
 
 Nazareth Hall, 
 
 $4869 00 
 
 
 Un. Administration, 
 
 58 00 
 
 
 Lebanon Church, 
 
 80 00 
 
 
 Church Miscellany, 
 
 225 00 
 
 
 Gnadenhuetten, 
 
 75 00 
 
 
 Sharon, 
 
 130 00 
 
 
 Dover, 
 
 101 00 
 
 
 Camden, 
 
 33 00 
 
 
 Sundries, 
 
 43 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 5614 00 
 
 VIII. Cash in hand, 
 
 sets 
 
 2146 00 
 
 Total of ass 
 
 $36831 00 
 
 Deduct 
 
 Liabilities : 
 
 
 Ministers' Aid Society, 
 
 1100 00 
 
 
 Newport Fund, 
 
 1114 00 
 
 
 Wid. & S. H. Funds, 
 
 2758 00 
 
 
 Elizabeth Ritter, 
 
 400 00 
 
 
 Annuity, 
 
 1000 00 
 
 
 American Tract Society, 
 
 400 00 
 
 
 Sundries, 
 
 129 00 
 
 
 Schoeneck Fund, 
 
 1745 00 
 
 
 Fund of Theol. Sem. created 
 
 
 by sale of house, 
 
 2300 00 
 
 
 Deduct total ot Liabilities 
 
 
 10,946 00 
 
 Leaves total of Assets free of any Trust $25,885 00 
 
 B. Property held in Trust. 
 
 1. Bethlehem Fund, now invested 
 
 with Un. Admin'or at 5 per cent $98730 00 
 
 2. For the benefit of Theol. Semina- % 
 
 ry, Capital invested with Un. ■ 
 Admin'or 1100 00 
 
 Proceeds of the Sale of House 2300 00 
 
 102,130 00 
 
 Total amount of excess of assets over 
 
 liabilities held June 1st, 1854 $128,015 00 
 
 Out of this amount, about $8500 00 are not only unavailable, but will hard- 
 ly ever be recovered ; about $1200 00 bear no interest. We are glad 
 to be enabled to add that there is a great probability that the Trust-funds 
 will, within a short time, be considerably increased by the results from 
 the settlements just now agreed upon to take place between the con- 
 gregation at Nazareth (about $50,000 00) and Litiz (about $25,000 00) 
 with Sustentation Diacony, when the funds so held in trust will amount 
 to about $177,000 00. Besides the income from these funds the Sus- 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 103 
 
 tentation Diacony is in the enjoyment of a legacy of $1200 00 annu- 
 ally from our deceased brother G. Haga of Philadelphia. 
 
 On the 1st of June 1849 there was a surplus of liabilities over assets amount- 
 ing to $1086 00 
 On the 1st of June 1854 a surplus of assets 25832 00 
 
 26918 00 
 To which add the Bethlehem fund 98730 00 
 
 Which will show a total improvement since 1849 of $125,648 00 
 
 Which since June 1st, '55, has been increased by an 
 
 addition of more than $3000 00 to the Bethl'm fund. 
 
 This result has, by the mercy of the Lord, been brought about, not by out- 
 side donations, but through the willingness of our Brethren so to ar- 
 range their affairs, as to render their hitherto unavailable funds and hid- 
 den treasures profitable, and even to part with a very considerable share 
 of the same for the benefit of the Lord's Kingdom ! 
 
 From June 1st, 1848, to May 31st, 1849, the receipts of the Sustentation 
 Diacony, after deducting $500 00, received from U. W. College, amount- 
 ed to about $4027 00 
 
 From June 1st, 1853, to May 31st, 1854, the receipts, 
 
 without any aid from abroad, amounted to 9982 00 
 
 Being an increase or improvement of $5955 00 
 
 In 1848—49 the expenditures amounted to $6192 00 
 In 1853—54 " " 6955 00 
 
 Increase of expenditures 763 00 
 
 Leaving a total improvement of $5192 00 
 
 In 1848 — 49 there would have been a deficiency of $2165 00, which by the 
 donations from abroad was reduced to about $165 00. 
 
 In 1853 — 54 there was a surplus of about $2027 00, which would have 
 been less to the amount of $300 Oi, but for a yearly donation on the 
 part of the heirs of the late Br. Abraham Bininger, of New- York, which 
 they have kindly decided upon to confer upon the Sustentation Diacony, 
 although from the terms of the will the legacy could not be legally car- 
 ried out. This legacy is intended for the exclusive benefit of superan- 
 nuated ministers. 
 
 In comparing the results of 1848 — 49 with those of 1853 — 54, it must be 
 kept in mind, that in 1853 — 54 the Sustentation Diacony had an access 
 of $1000 00 from the Bethlehem Boarding School, which they had not 
 in the former year, reducing the actual improvement in 1853 — 54 over 
 1848— 49 to only about $4000 00 ; but it must also be stated, that the 
 expenses in 1848 — 49 were below the average amount, as during part 
 of the year no salary was paid to the President, the Administrator being 
 President at interim. 
 
 We now proceed to give a more detailed statement of the receipts and ex- 
 penditures of the Sustentation Diacony during the financial year begin- 
 ning June 1st, 1853, and ending May 31st, 1854. 
 
104 
 
 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 * Receipts : 
 
 Interest (deduct Interest paid,) 
 
 Houserent, 
 
 Contribution for Nazareth, 1170 00 
 
 do do Litiz, 600 00 
 
 do do Bethlehem 
 
 Boarding School, 1000 00 
 
 Haga's Legacy, 
 
 From Un. Admi 
 
 (annually,) 
 
 Repairs, 
 Taxes, 
 
 597 00 
 
 Sust. to superannuat. ministers, 1172 00 
 Deduct Ab. Bininger's legacy, 300 00 
 
 Salaries of two mem. of P.E.C. 1000 00 
 Other Expenses of do 453 00 
 
 Aid to ministers (extra.) 
 Removal of ministers, 
 Contributions, 
 Excess of Expenses of S. S. 
 and Widows' Houses, 
 Copying, 
 
 Educational Expenses 
 Gratuiti in Nazareth Hall, 1508 00 
 
 do Beth. Board. 
 
 do Litiz Board. 
 
 Theological Seminary, 
 Commutation money, 
 
 School, 300 00 
 
 School, 320 00 
 
 462 00 
 
 120 00 
 
 $4905 00 
 877 00 
 
 n. Wachovia 
 
 2770 00 
 1200 00 
 
 230 00 
 
 Total amount of receipts, 
 
 ExFENDITURES : 
 
 $368 00 
 
 $9982 00 
 
 $965 00 
 
 877 00 
 
 1473 
 
 00 
 
 307 
 
 00 
 
 101 
 
 00 
 
 313 
 
 00 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 11 
 
 00 
 
 $4245 
 
 00 
 
 2710 00 
 
 Total of Expenditures, $6955 00 
 
 Which, when deducted from the receipts, leaves for the financial year 
 1853—54 a surplus of $3028 00. Out of this surplus $650 00 have 
 been divided amongst the several ministers of our city and country con- 
 gregations, excepting some not standing in need of it. The expenses 
 for the Theological Seminary in 1853 — 54 were uncommonly small 
 owing to their being no students in that institution for the greater part 
 of the year. 
 
 In order to have a proper and full knowledge of the present state of the financial 
 affairs of the Sustentation Diacony, it must be remembered, that our 
 Boarding Schools in Nazareth Hall and Bethlehem form integral parts of 
 i|s property, and that the one at Litiz, has in a measure since the begin- 
 ning of this present year (1855) also been transferred from Litiz congre- 
 gation to Sustentation Diacony. To make a proper estimate of what 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 105 
 
 hiight be the actual value of the assets of these institutions, if thrown 
 upon the market at once, extremely difficult. Of Nazareth Hall we 
 fondly entertain a hope, that that institution will by the mercy of the 
 Lord gradually assume a better aspect than it has had some years ago; 
 but at the same time no doubts can be entertained, but that for a num- 
 ber of years any actual surplus on its yearly accounts must be wholly 
 appropriated towards the improvement of its own affairs, being no ad- 
 ditional income to the Sustentation Diacony. 
 Nazareth Hall was on January 1st, 1854, 
 
 indebted to the amount of $18710 90 
 
 Bethlehem Boarding School on Jan. 1st, 1855, 30639 00 
 
 Litiz Boarding School, do do 615 00 
 
 Nazareth Hall may be expected now to have an 
 
 annual surplus of 1000 00 
 
 Bethl. Board. School had in 1854 a surplus of 7000 00 
 
 Litiz Board. School do do do 4480 od 
 
 Bethlehem Boarding School is now paying over annually to Sustentation 
 Diacony the sum of $1000 00 and can hardly be expected to do more 
 for the present owing to its heavy debts, incurred by the erection of the 
 new house. 
 Litiz Boarding School has of late had some expensive additional improve- 
 ments made, which at least for the current year may absorb part of its 
 regular surplus. 
 
 III. SUGGESTIONS AS TO THE FUTURE MANAGEMENT 
 
 OF THE FINANCIAL AFFAIRS OF THE SUSTENTATION DlACONY AND TO THE 
 APPROPRIATIONS TO BE MADE OF THE INCOME FROM ITS FUNDS. 
 
 In relation to the probable arrangement of the income and expenditures 
 of the Sustentation Diacony after the settlements now pending with 
 Nazareth and Litiz shall have come to a close, and the funds derived 
 therefrom been realized, your committee have endeavored to make the 
 following statements : 
 
 A. Income. 
 Interest from Bethl. fund say 100,000 00 
 
 estimate at five per cent $'5000 00 
 
 Interest from Nazareth fund 
 
 hereafter say 50,000 00 
 
 at five per cent 2500 00 
 
 Interest from Litiz fund 
 
 hereafter say 10,000 00 
 
 at five per cent, 500 00 
 
 Estimated contribution of 
 
 Beth. Board. School, 1000 00 
 
 Estimated contribution of 
 
 Litiz Boarding School, 1000 00 
 
 Estimated contribution of 
 
 Nazareth Hall none. 
 Estimated receipts from 
 
 houserents, 900 00 
 
 Haga's legacy, 1200 00 
 
 Annual contribution from 
 
 Wachovia, 230 00 
 
 1430 00 
 
 Total amount of estimated annual receipts, $ 12330 00 
 
 14 
 
106 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOL' 
 
 B. Expenditures as Estimated s 
 
 Salaries of two members of 
 
 
 
 
 P. E. C. including light 
 
 
 
 
 and fuel, 
 
 $1300 
 
 00 
 
 
 Contingent expenses of P. E. 
 
 
 
 
 C. ; as traveling, stationery 
 
 
 
 
 copying, postage &c, 
 
 400 
 
 00 
 
 
 Sustentation to retired minis- 
 
 
 
 
 ters, widows and including 
 
 
 
 
 an increase to be proposed 
 
 
 
 
 of %— but deducting #300 
 
 
 
 
 from Bininger's legacy, 
 
 1500 
 
 00 
 
 
 Aid to ministers in actual 
 
 
 
 
 service at least, 
 
 1700 
 
 00 
 
 
 Education, 
 
 4000 
 
 00 
 
 
 Traveling expenses of minis- 
 
 
 
 
 isters, removals, contribu- 
 
 
 
 
 tions &c, 
 
 1000 
 
 00 
 
 
 Taxes, 
 
 800 
 
 00 
 
 
 Repairs, 
 
 400 
 
 00 
 
 
 Total amount of estimated annual expenses 
 
 11100 00 
 
 Would leave a surplus of say 
 
 
 
 $1430 00 
 
 m 
 
 no allowance having been made for salary of the Treasurer nor any extraord- 
 inary contingencies. 
 
 This estimate is based upon the following principles : 
 
 1. To increase the salaries of the members of P. E. C. from $500 00 to 
 
 $650 00 yearly, but not to furnish light and fuel by Sustentation 
 Diacony ; but it must be remembered, that the whole estimate refers 
 to two members only ; should there be three members hereafter at least 
 §650 00 more would be required ; neither has any provision been made 
 for the houserent to be paid for a third member of P. E. C. 
 
 2. To raise the amount of Sustentation one third from what it is at present. 
 
 It has been raised since 1849 one fourth, for widows from $50 00 to' 
 $75 00; for married couples from $160 00 to #240 00; and would 
 according to our suggestion hereafter amount for widows to $100 00; 
 for married couples to $320 00, which is all they receive. 
 
 3. Educational expenses, taxes, repairs, are estimated according to an aver- 
 
 age of former years. 
 
 4. If under existing circumstances an annual contribution of say $500 00 
 
 towards Home-mission purposes should be decided upon, nearly all the 
 income of the Sustentation Diacony, as it may be reasonably expected 
 hereafter, but is not yet, since the Nazareth and Litiz funds cannot yet 
 be made available, would be absorbed by the outgoings — leaving for 
 extraordinary contingencies only what might be expected from our 
 Boarding Schools beyond the estimate actually put down. 
 (Report continued in Session 23d.) 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved that the Synod hold Sessions on Thurday next 
 (Ascension day) from 8 — 10 A. M. and from 3 — 5 P M. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 107 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend from 2 1-2 to 5 P. M. which amendment was 
 accepted, and the motion agreed to. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved that when the Synod adjourn, it adjourn to 8 A. 
 M. to-morrow. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that the Synod now adjourn, whieh motion was lost. 
 
 The President announced that the first resolution of the " Committee on 
 Church Publications" was now in order, for further consideration. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz, read the first resolution as follows : 
 
 " Resolved, that a Moravian bookstore and publication office be established, 
 and that it be located in the city of Philadelphia." 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following amendment, viz : 
 
 " Strike out all after resolved, and insert ; " that the bookstore of the 
 Church now located at Bethlehem be transferred to the city of Philadelphia 
 and that a publication-office be opened in connection therewith. Agreed ,to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Holland, the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion, the Synod adjourned, after singing : " When all thy mercies, 
 oh my God," &c. 
 
 NINETEENTH SESSIO 
 
 Wednesday, May $6th, 8 a. m. — 39 members present. 
 
 Sung : "Lord thy body ne'er forsake" &c. — Prayer by Br. Barstow. 
 
 Texts of the day read. — Minutes of yesterday's Session read, amended and 
 adopted. 
 
 Br. Wunderling moved that the election of the members of the new P.. 
 E. C. be held Friday next in the afternoon. 
 
 Br. Rice moved to amend " Friday forenoon." 
 
 The motion as amended was carried. 
 
 The President read the following communication to the Synod, from th« 
 Brooklyn congregation : 
 
 Brooklyn, May Uth, 1855^^ 
 
 To the Provincial Synod of the United Brethren's Church at Bethlehem, 
 Northampton county, Pa. 
 
 Dear Brethren : 
 
 We send you all this salutation of our love and affection, praying with al» 
 prayer, that your deliberations in a congregate body may bring forth 
 fruits, the offspring from which, coming from the fountain of all bless- 
 ings, may redound to the honor and glory of our divine Master and 
 Redeemer, and the spread of his kingdom on earth. As members of 
 his Church, being " poor in worldly goods," and " few in numbers," 
 we desire that you will grant our request, if we are found consistent in 
 asking, viz : That you will aid us by such a yearly contribution as you 
 in your good pleasure may think meet, towards defraying the salary of 
 
108 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 our presiding and much beloved pastor, the Rev. J. H. Kummer, pay- 
 ing the interest on a debt of three thousand dollars contracted in the 
 erection of a church and parsonage, and other incidental expenses, (the 
 ground having been paid for) which bears quite heavily on our present 
 number, being less than " twenty members," comprising a small branch 
 of the United Brethren's Church of the city of New-York, whose resi- 
 dence were in Brooklyn when the location of the church was changed. 
 Should our request be granted, we trust in the providence of God, we 
 might ourselves soon be enabled to render to others, that aid which 
 " we" now ask. 
 
 With christian love and esteem, we subscribe, as Trustees, in behalf of 
 the Brooklyn church, 
 
 ROBT. J. PRINCE, 
 EMILIUS MARX, 
 J. S. DAVENPORT, 
 JOSEPH ROWORTH, 
 THOS. R. HARVEY. 
 On motion of Br. Wunderling, it was referred to the " Committee on Fi- 
 nance." 
 
 Br. Tschudy, on leave, rose for information as to who is to decide on the 
 observance of choir-days in our congregations, when 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to reconsider yesterday's action of Synod on the reso- 
 lution in the report of the " Committee on Internal Arrangements", viz 
 
 " Resolved, that the different congregations be allowed by this Provincial 
 Synod to decide for themselves what choir-meetings shall be held and 
 what choir-festivals shall be observed." 
 
 The motion to reconsider was carried. 
 
 Br. Kampmann then offered the following amendment : 
 
 Strike out all after " resolved", and insert " that the decision as to the 
 observance of choir-days in the several congregations, belongs solely to the 
 minister in conjunction with the Elders' Conference, or " Standing Com- 
 mittee of the respective congregations." 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The President announcing that the report of the " Committee on Church 
 Publications" was now in order for further consideration, 
 
 On motion of Br. Perkin, it was postponed until to-morrow. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved that the report of the " Committee on Educa- 
 tion" be taken up. Agreed to. 
 
 The report was read, when Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to take up the reso- 
 lutions seriatim. Agreed to. 
 
 The 1st, 2d and 3d resolutions were unanimously adopted. 
 
 The 4th resolution, was on motion of Br. Bleck laid on the table to be 
 taken up on Friday afternoon. 
 
 The 5th resolution was adopted and with its adoption the consideration 
 of the 1st part was brought to a close. 
 
 The 1st resolution of Part II. being under consideration the word rtcom* 
 mend was changed to favor, after which Br. Bachman offered the following 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 109 
 
 amendment to be appended to the resolution " that the location of the High 
 School be opened to competition on the part of other congregations in Ohio." 
 Agreed to. 
 
 The 1st resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved to amend the 2d resolution, being un- 
 der consideration, by adding " but nothing contained in this resolution shall 
 be so construed as to require any salary to be furnished by the P. E. C. un- 
 der one year from this time." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to refer the resolution as amended back to the " Com- 
 mittee on Education." 
 
 Pending this discussion of the matter, on motion the Synod adjourned to 
 2 P. M., after singing : "3iatb und wentt wit trrc gefyen," IK f. n>; 
 
 TWENTIETH SESSION. 
 
 2 p. m. — 45 members present. 
 
 Sung : "7ld) ! gib an fcetnem r" eftbaxen JjpcU !" it. f. w. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Bachman. 
 
 The Synod proceeded with the discussion of the 2d resolution of Part II « 
 of the report of the " Committee on Education." 
 
 Pending which Br. Bleck withdrew his motion made in the morning 
 Session, and the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) offered the following additional resolutions : 
 
 " 3. Resolved, that so soon as the school shall be able to sus- 
 tain itself, the P. E. C. shall no longer be held responsible 
 for the salary of the professor, though they shall still con- 
 tinue to designate him, and have the power of removal." 
 
 " 4. Resolved, that when the P. E. C. shall have been reimbursed 
 for whatever outlays they shall have had, thenceforth the 
 profits of the school, if any be made, shall be at the disposal 
 of the Trustees of said institution, (whoever they may be) 
 and be appropriated by them solely to the education of young 
 men in our Theological Seminary, and to the general purpo- 
 ses of the western sustcntation-fund." 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle (Dover) these resolutions were adopted, and the 
 consideration of Part II. of the report was brought to a close. 
 
 The 1st resolution of Part III. being under consideration, Br. Bleck called 
 for a division of the question, and the resolution as divided was adopted. 
 
 The 2d, 3d and 4th resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The 5th resolution being under consideration, Br. Goepp moved to amend 
 by inserting after experience " if possible." The motion was lost. 
 
110 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 The original resolution was adopted. 
 
 The 6th and 7th resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The 8th resolution being under consideration, on motion of Br. Goepp 
 it was amended so as to read, " that the brother from the South, being an 
 advisory member, be entitled to three votes." The amendment was agreed 
 to. 
 
 The question was next taken, on the number three and was carried by 
 a vote of 25 to 17. 
 
 The question recurring on the entire resolution as amended, it was carried 
 by a vote of 23 to 19. 
 
 A discussion having arisen as to the constitutionality of the proceeding, 
 on motion of Br. Clauder, a re-consideration was had by a vote of 22 to 18. 
 
 Whereupon Br. Goepp moved to strike out three and insert one. 
 
 The question having been taken on the amendment, it was carried by a 
 vote of 24 to 20. 
 
 The resolution as amended was then adopted, but the representative of 
 the P. H. C. of Wachovia declined voting at all. 
 
 The question being under consideration, Br. Beckler moved to amend by 
 prefixing to the originial, 
 
 " Resolved, that the Professor be accountable for his official acts to the P. 
 E. C." Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, it was agreed " that the Synod proceed to-mor- 
 row morning, after the reading of the minutes, to the election of the new 
 Professor." 
 
 Here Br. Schultz having raised the question of the constitutionality of 
 holding such an election at all, 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to re-consider the resolution to elect 
 the Professor. 
 
 On motion, the Synod adjourned to to-morrow 8 A. M., after singing : — 
 *' Lord thy body ne'er forsake" &c. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST SESSION. 
 
 Thursday, May 17, 8 A. M. — 47 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Head of thy Church behold us here" &c. — Prayer by Br. Wolle 
 (Dover.) 
 
 Texts of the day read. — Minutes of yesterday's session, read, amended 
 and approved. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved a re-consideration of the vote on the 7th resolution of 
 Part III. of the report of the M Committee on Education." 
 
 The motion was lost by a vote of 28 to 14. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. Ill 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that the Synod forthwith proceed to the election of the 
 Professor of the Theological Seminary. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved a postponement to the afternoon, but withdrew, 
 on which Bf. Gbepp's motion was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Luckenbach, the brethren Bleck and Tschudy were ap- 
 pointed tellers of the election. 
 
 Whereupon the Synod proceeded to ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it was found that 44 votes had been cast, of 
 which Br. Shultz received 26, Br. Schweinitz 5, Br. Bachman 3, the breth- 
 ren Reinke (Litiz) Levin Reichel (Salem) Kampmann and Jacobson each 1. 
 
 Br. Schultz was accordingly declared to be duly elected. 
 
 On motion of *Br. Luckenbach, the Synod declared Br. Schultz unani- 
 mously elected. 
 
 . Br. Wolle (Bethl,) offered the following proposition for the acceptance of 
 the Synod. 
 
 " That the P* E. C. stands in the same relation to the Provincial Synod, as 
 the U. E. C. stands to the General Synod; therefore, inasmuch as'all 
 the powers and functions of the U. E. C. cease with the assembling to- 
 gether of the General Synod, and thenceforward vest in the Synod, so 
 in our opinion, all powers and functions of the P. E. C. of right, vest in 
 the Provincial Synod, from the moment of its organization, and that 
 the action of the General Synod, in approving our present constitution 
 confirms this construction of the powers of this Synod/' 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that these propositions be laid on the table, and that 
 the Synod take up the report of the " Committee on Constitution and 
 Church Government." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to consider the first section. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to strike out all after province. Agreed 
 to. 
 
 The first section was adopted in the following words : 
 
 " The government of the Church of the United Brethren in the Northern 
 Province~of the United States of America shall be vested in the Synod 
 of said Province." 
 
 The second section being under consideration, on motion of Br. Goepp a 
 division was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp the first division " there shall be elected by the 
 Provincial Synod, an " Executive Committee," was unanimously adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the second division, " to consist of two mem- 
 bers" was taken up for consideration. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to strike out " two" and insert " three." 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) asked for a division. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to amend by adding the words " of which tjie 
 Administrator shall not be one ex-officio. 
 
 Here Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) by consent of the Synod, submitted the 
 following in lieu of the second section : 
 
112 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 " Each Provincial Synod shall elect an " Executive Committee" to be called 
 the P. E. C. to consist of such number of members, as the Provincial 
 Synod may from time to time determine, who shall be chosen from the 
 ordained ministers of the Church, and be accountable to the Provincial 
 Synods for their acts." 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend, " In case there is to be a P. E. C. as a stand- 
 ing body, the same shall be accountable to our Provincial Synods only." 
 
 On motion, the Synod adjourned to 2 1-^2 P. M., after singing : " Let me 
 above all fulfill" &c. 
 
 TWENTY-SECOND SESSION. 
 2 1-2 p. M. members present. * 
 
 Sung : " Jfpcrr 3cfu fttytt mid)" it. f. W.— Prayer by Br. Troeger. 
 
 Br. Perkin called for the consideration of the report of the " Committee 
 on Church Publications." 
 
 On motion of Br. Rice, it was postponed until to-morrow. 
 
 Whereupon the Synod proceeded to a further consideration of second 
 section of the report of the " Committee on Constitution and Church 
 Government." 
 
 Br. Goepp withdrew his amendment to Br. Blickensderfer's (Sharon) 
 proposition, now before the Synod, when Brt Luckenbach offered the fol- 
 lowing amendment : 
 
 " Provided that nothing herein contained shall be so construed, that the Ad- 
 ministrator of the Unity shall be ex-officio, a member of such commit- 
 tee. 
 
 The question having been taken on the amendment, it was carried. 
 
 Br.Goepp moved to amend Br. Blickensderfer's (Sharon) proposition by sub- 
 stituting " to be as to all local matters accountable only to the Provincial 
 Synod." Accepted by the mover. 
 
 Br. Goepp next offered the following amendment : insert after called, " for 
 the present." 
 
 The question having been taken on this amendment, it was lost; 
 
 The question having been taken on the original proposition as amend" 
 ed viz : 
 
 " Each Provincial Synod shall elect an "Executive Committee to be called 
 the P. E. C. to consist of such number of members, as the Provincial 
 Synod may from time to time determine ; who shall be chosen from 
 the ordained ministers of the church ; and be as to all local matters 
 accountable only to the Provincial Synod ; provided, that nothing here- 
 in contained shall be so construed, that the Administrator of the Unity 
 shall be ex-officio a " member of such committee," it was adopted. 
 
 Br. Rice moved that three be the number of the new " Executive Commit- 
 tee," but on leave withdrew his motion. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) the third section was taken up 
 for consideration. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 113 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend this section, by substituting; 
 d Each Provincial Synod shall fix the time and place for the meeting of the 
 next Synod ; but in cases of emergency, the P. E. C. may convene a 
 Provincial Synod at an earlier day. Each Synod shall, when convened, 
 be opened by the President of the P. E- C, but shall organize by elect- 
 ing its own President and other officers." 
 
 The amendment was agreed to, and the section as amended adopted. 
 
 The fourth section being under consideration, Br. Kampmann suggested 
 to add at the close of paragraph d y " of the Unity," which Was agreed to, and 
 the section was adopted. 
 
 The fifth section being under consideration, Br. Kampmann moved the 
 following amendment : strike out, " in Europe," and insert " of the Unity." 
 The section as amended was adopted. 
 
 The sixth section being under consideration Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) 
 moved to amend by adding "*" to the words Synod. 
 
 The section as amended, was adopted. 
 
 The seventh section being under consideration, Br. Luckenbach moved to 
 amend by striking out " during the recess of the Provincial Synod," and in- 
 serting " in the interval between two Provincial Synods." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend by striking out the whole 
 section and inserting the following : 
 
 " Vacancies which may occur in the P. E. C. in the interval between the 
 Provincial Synods, shall be filled in such a manner as the Provincial 
 Synods may from time to time direct." 
 
 The amendment was agreed to, and the section as amended, was adopt- 
 ed. 
 
 The eighth section being under consideration, Br. Blickensderfer (Sha- 
 ron) moved to amend, by striking out the whole section, and inserting the 
 following : 
 
 " The Provincial Synods shall have power to determine from time to time 
 the number of delegates each congregation shall be entitled to send to 
 such Synods, and the manner of their election." 
 
 The amendment was agreed to, and the section as amended, was adopted. 
 
 The resolution at the close of the report, being now under consideration, 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend as follows : 
 
 "Strike out the word " nevertheless," after desire, insert " of this Synod" » 
 strike out the remainder of the resolution, and insert " that a connection 
 with the church in Europe shall exist between us in the relation of brother 
 to brother, without any controlling influence on either side over the other 
 in local matters." 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following amendment to the amendment: 
 
 " Strike out all after " of this Synod" ahd insert, " to remain in the closest 
 connection with the Brethren's Unity in Europe and elsewhere in spiritual 
 matters, as well as in the general Missionary enterprise ; but as regards local 
 matters we claim entire freedom from any controlling influence from abroad." 
 
 This amendment was agreed to and the resolution, amended to read as 
 follows, was adopted : 
 15 
 
114 JOURNAL Oi' THE PROVINCIAL 8YNOD. 
 
 u Resolved, that in asking for the foregoing modifications of the constitution? 
 it is the desire of this Synod to remain in the closest connection with 
 the Brethren's Unity in Europe and elsewhere in spiritual matters as 
 well as in the general Missionary enterprise ; but as regards local mat- 
 ters we claim entire freedom from any controlling influence from 
 abroad." 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the Synod adjourn to this evening 7 £ o'clock, 
 but withdrew his motion at the request of Br. Rice, who oflered the follow- 
 ing resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the P. E. C. to be elected to-morrow, consist of three mem- 
 bers." 
 Br. Bleck offered the following amendment : 
 "Resolved, that the P. E. C. consist of three members, and that in the elec- 
 tion of the said body, the votes shall be cast for two members, to con- 
 stitute the P. E. C. in connection with the Administrator in case the 
 U. E. C. do not approve the action of this Provincial Synod, with re- 
 spect to the organisation of the P. E. C ; and that the third member 
 be elected to fill the vacancy in case the Administrator is no more ex- 
 officio a member of the P. E. C. 
 The amendment was accepted, and the resolution as amended was 
 adopted. 
 
 Br. Kampmann moved that the election of the new P. E. C. to-morrow, 
 be held with closed doors. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to strikeout "closed" and insert " open" which 
 Was agreed to, and the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion the Synod adjourned to 8 A. M. to-morrow, after singing i 
 " Zion, where God records his name" &c. 
 
 TWENTY-THIRD SESSION. 
 
 Friday, May 18th, 8 A. M. — 53 members present. 
 
 Sung: "Christ is the Church's Lord and Head," &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Reinke (Litiz.) — Texts of the day read. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's session read, amended and ad6pted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) the preamble and enacting 
 clause of the report of the " Committee on Constitution and Church Govern- 
 ment" were taken up for consideration and adopted. 
 
 Br. Rice moved to take up the report of the " Committee on Finance" for 
 further consideration. 
 
 Br. Goepp read the remainder of the 
 
 REPORT OF THE " COMMITTEE ON FINANCE:" 
 
 (Centinued from page 106.) 
 5. The income from the several Trust- funds has been put down only at the 
 rate of five per cent, the Bethlehem fund being for the time actually 
 invested with Un. Administration at that rate of interest only. The 
 Administration being desirious of paying off this debt gradually but as 
 soon as can be done without injury to the interests of the Administra- 
 tion, and the Sustcntation Diacony being likely to gain by a different 
 
JOURNAL OF TTIE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 116 
 
 snanner of investing its funds, it would appear desirable to have that 
 change carried out. At the same time it must not be overlooked, that 
 the Sustentation Diacony is under the present arrangement free from 
 all risk, and, that should this change take place it will necessarily fol- 
 low, that the office of Treasurer of the Sustentation Diacony be separa- 
 ted from the office of President of P. E. C, with which it is at present 
 combined. 
 
 IV. Resolutions. 
 Your committee concludes by recommending to the Synod the following 
 resolutions for its adoption : 
 
 1. That the office of Treasurer of the Sustentation Diacony be separated 
 
 from the office of President of the P. E. C. 
 
 2. That the funds of the Sustentation Diacony, including those held in trust, 
 
 be invested in such a manner as to bear a higher rate of interest than 
 five per cent, but that no other but perfectly safe investments be made. 
 
 3. That new account books of the Sustentation Diacony be opened forth- 
 
 with, beginning from June 1st 1851, wherein the Trust-funds be enter- 
 ed under their proper heads, showing from whence they were derived, 
 and for what purposes held, also showing in the case of the Bethlehem 
 fund the whole amount received and what amount therefrom has been 
 deducted according to agreement. 
 
 4. That the salaries of the members of the P. E. C. be increased from $500 
 
 $650 per annum, but that from the first of June next no allowance be 
 made for expenses incurred for light and fuel. 
 
 5. That the amount of Sustentation paid heretofore to superannuated min- 
 
 isters and their widows, be increased one third of its present rate, viz : 
 for a married couple from $240 to $320 ; for widows and single sisters 
 from $75 to $100. 
 
 5. That the P. E. C. shall have liberty to appropriate the $300, derived 
 from the late Br. Binninger's legacy for special wants of superannuated 
 ministers or their widows, to be appropriated over and above the regu- 
 larly fixed sustentation in cases of actual and apparent necessity. 
 
 7. That the extra aid hitherto afforded to ministers in actual service, which 
 
 has been taken out of the surplus of the next preceding year, be con- 
 tinued, but that the same be distributed by the P. E. C. amongst the 
 respective ministers according to their actual wants and with due re- 
 gard to the local circumstances in their respective congregations, and 
 that the same do not in the aggregate exceed the sum of $1700 00 an- 
 nually, until otherwise decided upon by a Synod of this province. 
 
 8. That, whereas it is undoubtedly the duty of every congregation to pro- 
 
 vide for the wants of their ministers so for as lies in their power, there- 
 fore it is earnestly enjoined by this Synod upon the several congrega- 
 tions through their respective delegates, that renewed efforts be made 
 to accomplish that desirable qbject, and that only in such cases, when 
 P. E. C. shall be fully satisfied of a congregation having done that 
 duty, relief shall be granted to such an extent, as to insure to the min- 
 ister the necessary comforts of life. 
 
 9. That whereas the " Committee on Finance" have carefully prepared a 
 
 schedule of appropriations, to be distributed among the several minis- 
 ters of our congregations, wherein they have had proper regard to 
 the leveral applications made to the Synod and referred to that committee. 
 
116 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 this schedule shall by the committee be placed into the hands of the P. 
 E. C, when elected, for their due consideration. 
 
 10. That the sum of five hundred dollars be appropriated out of the annual 
 
 income of the Sustentation Diacony for Home-Mission purposes, provi- 
 ded the expenses of the Sustentation Diacony be not otherwise increased 
 in behalf of the Home-Missions by any arrangements made by this 
 present Synod. 
 
 11. That all resolutions herewith submitted, referring tp appropriations to 
 
 be made, be carried out forthwith, if possible. 
 
 12. That this report of the " Committee on Finance" be substituted in place 
 
 of chapter V. of the Synodal results of 1847. 
 All of this is respectfully submitted to your body by the " Committee on 
 Finance." 
 
 JACOB RICE, 
 P. H. GOEPP, 
 FRANCIS JORDAN, 
 JACOB B. TSCHUDY. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the report was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that Synod proceed to the election of the members of 
 the new P. E. C. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Lennert moved that if a former member of the P. E. C. be re-elected, 
 the lot be used. 
 
 The motion was carried by a vote of 27 to 20. 
 
 Br. Tschudy rose to request the Br. who had yesterday been unanimously 
 elected Professor of the Theological Seminary, to inform the Synod of his 
 determination to accept that office, whereupon Br. Schultz arose and respect- 
 fully declined the Professorship voted him by the Synod in yesterday morn- 
 ing's session. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the Synod accepted his resignation. 
 
 On motion of Br." Beckler, the brethren Tschudy and Bleck were appoint- 
 ed tellers of the election. 
 
 Whereupon the Synod proceeded to ballot for the first member of the 
 new P. E. C. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that fifty-three votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 12 votes, Br. Eberman (Nazareth) 6 votes. 
 " Frueauff (Litiz) 10 " " Reinke (Litiz) 4 " 
 
 " Bigier, 10 " " Clauder, 1 " 
 
 " Wolle (Dover) 8 " " Schultz, 1 " 
 
 " " Bachman, 1 " 
 
 No brother having received a majority of all the votes, there was no elec- 
 tion, and the Synod proceeded to a second ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that fifty-three votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 15 votes. Br. Eberman (Naz.) 3 votes. 
 
 " Bigler, 13 " " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 " Frueauff (Litiz) 13 " " Bachman, 1 " 
 
 f« Wolle (Dover) 7 ¥ 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 117 
 
 No bsother having received a majority of all the votes, there was no elec- 
 tion, and the Synod proceeded to the third ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty-three votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Bigler received 18 votes* Br. Wolle (Dover) 4 votes. 
 
 " Jacobson, 15 " " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 " Frueauff (Lit.) 15 " 
 
 No brother having a majority ot all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the fourth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty-three votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Bigler received 26 votes. Br. Wolle (Dover) 4 votes. 
 
 " Jacobson, 11 " " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 " Frueauff (Lit.) 11 " 
 
 No brother having received a majority of all the votes, there was no elec- 
 tion and the Synod proceeded to the fifth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty-three votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Bigler received 26 votes. Br. Wolle (Dover) 5 votes. 
 
 « Jacobson 12 .« " Seidel 1 " 
 
 " Frueauff (Litiz) 9 " 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the sixth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that fifty-one votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Bigler received 26 votes. Br. Wolle received 4 votes. 
 
 " Jacobson, 12 « " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 " Frueauff (Litiz) 7 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 « 
 
 Br. Bigler having a majority of all the votes, was declared to be duly 
 elected. 
 
 Whereupon, after some conversation regarding the manner of using the 
 lot, it was agreed that it should be drawn by the Secretary, and announced 
 by Br. Seidel and the President. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the Synod take a recess of fifteen minutes, 
 and then open with singing and prayer. Agreed to. 
 
 On assembling, after singing " From thy majestic throne," &c. and pray- 
 er by Br Jacobson, the lot was drawn and the election negatived by the 
 same. 
 
 The Synod proceeded to the seventh ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty-one votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Frueauff (Lit.) rec'd 22 votes. Br. Bigler rec'd 1 vote. 
 
 " Jacobson, 14 " " Hagen, 1 " 
 
 " Wolle (Dover) 8 « " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 " Eberman (Naz.) 3 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the eighth ballot. 
 
118 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. FrueaufT (Lit) rec'd 25 votes. Br. Seidel, received 1 vote. 
 
 " Jacobson, 15 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 " Wolle (Dover) 8 " 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the ninth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that forty-nine votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. FrueaufT (Lit) rec'd 26 votes. Br. Seidel received 1 vote. 
 
 " Jacobson, 13 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 " Wolle (Dover) 8 " 
 
 Br. FrueaufT (Litiz) having a majority of all the votes, was declared duly 
 elected. 
 
 After singing " Be present with thy servant Lord" &c. and prayer by Br. 
 Jacobson, the lot was drawn, and the election negatived by the same. 
 
 The Synod united in singing " Oh ! teach us all thy perfect will," and 
 then proceeded to the tenth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that forty-six votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 15 votes. Br. Reichel (Salem) 2 votes. 
 " Wolle (Dover) 15 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 " Eberman, (Naz.) 12 " " Seidel, 1 " 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election and 
 the Synod proceeded to the eleventh ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that forty-eight votes had been cast> 
 of which 
 
 Br. Wolle (Dover) rec'd 19 votes. Br. L Reichel rec'd 2 votes. 
 
 " Jacobson 15 " " Bahnson 1 " 
 
 " Eberman (Nazareth) 9 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes there was no election, and 
 Synod proceeded to the twelfth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that 48 votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Wolle Dover) rec'd 29 votes. Br. Eberman (Naz.) 5 votes. 
 " Jacobson 13 " " Reinke (Litiz) 1 " 
 
 Br. Wolle (Dover) having a majority of all the votes was declared to be 
 tluly elected. 
 
 After singing : " Where two or three with sweet accord," and prayer by 
 Br. Jacobson, the lot was drawn, and the election affirmed by the same. 
 
 After singing : « 2>cttt 2JrrMcn|l Uttfc Ucbc Dta(;t," It. f.tt., Synod adjourned. 
 
Journal of the provincial synod. 11$ 
 
 TWENTY-FOURTH SESSION. 
 • 2 r. M. — 47 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Lord, thy body ne'er forsake." &c. — Prayer by Br. Eberman (Naz ) 
 
 Synod proceeded to the 13th ballot, the first for a second member of the 
 new P. E. C. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that 52 votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 21, Br. F. Holland 1, 
 
 " Eberman (Naz.) 15, " Reinke (Litiz) 1, 
 
 " L. Reichel (Salem) 6, " Clauder 1, 
 
 " Wolle (Bethl.) 2, " Kampmann 1, 
 
 " Bahnson 2, " Seidel 1. 
 
 " Lennert 1. 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes there was no election, and 
 Synod proceeded to the 14th ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that 52 votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 20, Br. Lennert 2, 
 
 " Eberman (Naz.) 15, " Reinke (Litiz) 1, 
 
 " L. Reichel (Salem) 7, •' Seidel 1, 
 
 " Wolle (Bethl.) 2, " Kampmann 1, 
 
 " Bahnson 2, «• Clauder 1. 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 Synod proceeded to the 15th ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that 52 votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 22, Br. Reinke (Litiz) 2, 
 
 " Eberman (Naz.) 16, " Lennert 1, 
 
 " L. Reichel (Salem) 5, " Seidel U 
 
 " Wolle (Bethl.) 2, " blank 1. 
 " Bahnson 2, 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 Synod proceeded to the 16th ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote it appeared that 52 votes had been cast, of which 
 
 Br. Jacobson received 27, Br.Lennert 1, 
 
 " Eberman (>az.) 15, " Kampmann 1, 
 
 11 Reinke (Litiz) 2, " Seidel 1, 
 
 " Wolle (Bethl.) 2, " blank 1. 
 " Bahnson 2, 
 
 Br. Jacobson having a majority of all the votes, was declared to be duly 
 elected. 
 
 After singing " Our souls with inmost awe" &c, and prayer by Br. Jacob- 
 son, the lot was drawn, and the election affirmed by the same. 
 
 Synod united in singing: "fld) I frcineS ©nat'cn^dtflcltdjtca exhumer," JC. 
 and then proceeded to the 17th ballot, the first for a third member of the new 
 P. E. C. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that fifty-two votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
120 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Goepp received 
 
 31, 
 
 Br. Schweinitz 
 
 1 
 
 " Eberman (Naz) 
 
 10, 
 
 " Bahnson 
 
 1 
 
 " FrueaufT (Litiz) 
 
 2, 
 
 " Beckler 
 
 1, 
 
 " Kampmann 
 
 1, 
 
 " blank 
 
 4. 
 
 " Reichel (Salem) 
 
 1, 
 
 « 
 
 
 Br. Goepp having a majority of all the votes, was declared to be duly 
 elected. 
 
 After singing " Lord, thy Church's rock," &c, and prayer by Br. Jacob- 
 son, the lot was drawn and the election affirmed by the same. 
 
 The Synod joined in singing, " @cgnc, fcgnc ung cuiS frcicm £rict» " 2C. 
 
 These solemn transactions were closed by singing, " Dcr Jjcvv iff ncct) 
 lint nimmcr nicfyt," tl. |. re. whereupon the Synod took a recess of ten min- 
 utes. 
 
 On resuming business the President stated that the fourth resolution of 
 Part I. of the report of the " Committee on Education" had been postponed 
 to this afternoon. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle (Bethl.) it was taken up for consideration. 
 
 Br. Eberman (Naz.) gave a verbal statement of proposals made by the 
 Nazareth congregation in reference to the exchange of the Nazareth Sisters' 
 House for the Ephrata property, alluded to in the resolution now under con- 
 sideration. 
 
 It was agreed that the offer, when reduced to writing, be entered on the 
 journal. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the resolution now before the Synod was divi- 
 ded. 
 
 The first division — that part of the resolution relating to location — was> 
 after some discussion, adopted. 
 
 The second division — that part of the resolution relating to incorporation 
 — was on motion of Br. Goepp, laid on the table for further consideration. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bigler, the Synod proceeded to the election of a Theo- 
 logical Professor, and the brethren Tschudy and Bleck were appointed tellers 
 of said election. 
 
 After the nominations had been closed the Synod proceeded to ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that forty-seven votes had been cast, 
 of which 
 
 Br. Schweinitz received 17, Br. Bahnson 6, 
 
 " Schweinitz (Salem) 1 7, " Grunert (Bethabara) 5, 
 
 " Hagen 6, 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the second ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that forty-eight votes had been cast, 
 of which 
 
 Br. E. Schweinitz ree'd 19, Br. Grunert (Bethab.) 6, 
 
 " R. Schweinitz 17, " Hagen 6, 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the third ballot. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 121 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that forty-nine votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. R. Schweinitz rec'd 23, Br. Grunert (Bethania) 4, 
 
 11 E. Schweinitz 21, blank 1. 
 
 No brother having a majority of all the votes, there was no election, and 
 the Synod proceeded to the fourth ballot. 
 
 On counting the vote, it appeared that forty-nine votes had been cast, of 
 which 
 
 Br. R. Schweinitz rec'd 33, Br. E. Schweinitz 16. 
 
 Br. Robert Schweinitz having a majority of all the votes, was declared to 
 
 be" duly elected. 
 
 On motion of Br. Luckenbach, the Synod declared Br. Robert Schweinitz 
 unanimously elected. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Beth.) moved that the P. H. C. of Wachovia be most respect- 
 fully requested to sanction this call. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Shultz asked leave to communicate the report of the " Committee on 
 Home-Missions." 
 
 Leave was granted, when at the request of Br. Kampmann, he withdrew, 
 and Br. Eberman (Naz.) submitted the following proposals from the *' Com* 
 mittee of the Nazareth Congregation" : 
 
 Nazareth Warden's Coelege Proposal*. 
 
 In order to facilitate the location of a college in this province of the United 
 Brethren's Church, and in accordance with the propositions of a com- 
 mittee appointed by this Synod to locate the same at Nazareth, uniting 
 therewith the Theological Seminary which is now located at that place. 
 
 The committee of Nazareth met on the 17th inst. to take such steps as may 
 be necessary for such purpose, and therefore make the following offer 
 to this Synod, viz: 
 
 1. To give in exchange for the Sisters' house together with all the out-hou- 
 
 ses, belonging at present to the Sustentation Diacony, purchased at a 
 cost of .$1500 00, the whole of the Ephrata-house with two other dwell- 
 ings and out-houses, together with four acres of land, with a guarantee 
 from all incumbrances. 
 
 2. The committee not knowing at the present time, the means which may 
 
 become available to them, after a settlement has been made of the Naza- 
 reth Congregation Diacony's property, they could not take upon them- 
 selves to do any thing more now, but declared to be willing when 
 the proper time comes for action, to contribute pro rata with other 
 congregations of the Brethren's Church according to their means. 
 
 W. EBERMAN, 
 
 President of the Committee. 
 
 Br. Rice offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that this Synod recommend to the P. K. C. the ac- 
 ceptance of the proposals from the Nazareth congregation, in 
 16 
 
122 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 relation to an exchange of the Nazareth Sisters' House for 
 the Ephrata property/' Adopted. 
 
 On motion the Synod adjourned, after singing, " Now let us praise the 
 Lord" Ac. 
 
 TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION. 
 Saturday, May 19th, 8 A. M. — 42 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Oh ! could we but love that Savior" &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Hagen. — Texts of the day read. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's session read, amended and approved. 
 
 The President proceeded to call on committees to report, when Br. Bigler 
 reported as follows from the " Committee on Constitution and Church 
 Government." 
 
 Report of the Committee on " Constitution and Chubch Govern- 
 ment." 
 
 The " Committee on Constitution and Church Government," to whom was 
 referred the following preamble and resolution, beg leave to report : 
 
 Whereas it has happened at times heretofore, and may likely so happen from 
 time to time, that it may become the painful duty of certain congrega- 
 tions of our beloved church, that they may have to adopt rather extreme 
 measures in order to have a change of ministry, which is at all times, to 
 say the least, a very painful duty to perform, both to those who enter 
 complaint, as likewise to those brethren against whom such is made, I 
 would therefore offer the following suggestion : 
 
 " Be it resolved, that hereafter, no one of our reverend officiating brethren 
 shall serve for a longer term than six years at one and the same station or 
 congregation, unless the congregation over which he presides shall de- 
 sire to have him again re-instated." 
 
 The above resolution proposes to establish a rule to regulate the term of 
 service of our ministering brethren in their respective congregations, and 
 its object is to afford a remedy to such congregations as are dissatisfied 
 with their pastor. The principle of the rule proposed has never been 
 recognised in our church, and the committee do not feel free to recom- 
 mend its adoption at this time. The frequency with which changes of 
 ministers have, in many cases, been made, has been a source of serious 
 regret, and oftener the subject of complaint, than that alluded to in the 
 above resolution. Besides, when difficulties or dissatisfaction arise be- 
 tween the minister and his congregation, they can appeal for redress 
 directly to the P. E. C. 
 
 For these reasons the committee deem it inexpedient, to recommend the 
 adoption of the rules proposed. 
 
 D. BIGLER, 
 
 Chairman of the Committee. 
 
 *f Resolved, that the committee be discharged from further consideration of 
 the subject." 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 123 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, the report and resolution of discharge at- 
 tached, were adopted. 
 
 Br. Eberman reported a6 follows, from the " Committee on the use of the 
 Lot." 
 
 Report of the " Committee on the use of the Lot." 
 
 The " Committee on the use of the Lot," beg leave to report the following, 
 as a change to be adopted instead of that part of Chapter VII. of the 
 Synodal results of 1847, in regard to " the use of the lot." 
 
 The use of the lot is not founded on any express command in the Scriptures 
 of the new Testament. The only instance we have in that part of the 
 Scriptures, is in Acts 1, 26. 
 
 We do not maintain, that the Savior connot govern his Church without the 
 lot ; but the use of the same demands prudence, conscientiousness and 
 devout affection ; it must never be appealed to in cases where the Holy 
 Scriptures decide the point by a clear expression ; and it binds only 
 those who cast it and none other. 
 
 As a rule, the lot shall be used in the following cases only, viz : 
 
 When a brother or sister receives a call from the P. E. C, and requires a 
 special lot for his or her direction, he or she may ask the P. E. C. in 
 writing to have a special lot cast for himself or herself and the direc- 
 tions given by the lot, shall be absolutely binding upon that brother or 
 sister. 
 
 And when the P. E. C. when making appointments are utterly unable to 
 decide between two or more brethren, the question may be asked by 
 lot " to whom the offer shall be first made," but such use of the lot shall 
 be binding on the P. E. C. only, and not on the person to whom the 
 offer is made. 
 
 On motion of Br. Lennert the report was accepted and laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Shultz communicated the following report from the " Committee on 
 Home-Missions." 
 
 Report of the " Committee ov H«me-Missiohs." 
 
 The " Committee on Home-Missions" would deem it an act of injustice to 
 the prosperity of our Church in this country as well as to their own 
 feelings, not to express their gratitude to our Lord and Savior for the 
 peculiar manner in which He has blessed the labors of our Home-Mis- 
 sionaries. He has opened for us doors of usefulness of which we had 
 no idea a few years ago, and He has raised up laborers fitted for the 
 various fields in which they have been engaged. This new increase in 
 our Church has resulted, we can truly say, from no previous plans and 
 efforts of our Church, but has in a surprising manner been the work of 
 the great Head of the Church ; thus recalling to our minds those periods 
 in our eventful history when He so visibly manifested His presence in 
 our midst and directed our labors. Now, as then, the work has been 
 solely His, and we have followed only as He has led us. He is teaching 
 us, that what he has already enabled us to do is not all that He intends 
 us to accomplish, but is leading us onwards, and is giving us this suc- 
 cess as an evidence that He will bless us still further if we place full 
 faith in His assurances. 
 
124 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL STNOD. 
 
 Your committee have conferred with four of our missionaries ; and have 
 learned from them the success they have met with in their labors, and 
 . the difficulties and discouragements they have to encounter in their 
 present peculiar situation. Though greatly encouraged in the success 
 of their labors these missionaries feel somewhat embarrassed how to 
 act in their successful prosecution, since no sufficient provision has been 
 made for such an unexpected increase in the efforts of our Church. — 
 They are perplexed to know how they are to make use of the advant- 
 ages before them. They wish to be informed what relation the flocks 
 of which they have charge bear to our old established congregations, 
 and in what relation they themselves stand to the constituted authorities 
 of our Church. These missionaries have been sent out by different 
 societies in a great measure independent of one another and not direct- 
 ly subject to a central organization. They have not received definite 
 and satisfactory instructions, and do not understand how far they are 
 responsible to any ecclesiastical authority. They feel that they are 
 placed to great disadvantage by this embarrassing situation in the prose- 
 cution of their labors. They do not know in their present isolated and 
 anomalous situation what advantages to offer to their people as church 
 members, and what protection they have against the encroachments 
 and opposing efforts of other denominations. 
 
 Convinced that some measures must be speedily adopted to enable our mis- 
 sionaries to carry on their labors successfully and our Church faithfully 
 to meet these new demands which the Lord is so wonderfully making 
 upon our efforts, your committee have drawn up a Constitution for a 
 general Home-Missionary Society, based upon that adopted by the 
 Synod in 1849, and have agreed upon some resolutions which they 
 respectfully otier to your consideration. 
 
 " Resolved, that our Home-Missionaries be authorized by the constituted 
 authority of our branch of the Moravian church, to organize Moravian 
 congregations in accordance with the Constitution and discipline of 
 our Church, and that all ordained Home-Missionaries in actual service 
 be entitled to a seat and vote in the Synod of our church. 
 
 H. A. SHULTZ. 
 
 GEORGE W. PERKIN, 
 
 Secretary of the Committee on Home Missions. 
 
 Constitution of thk Moravian Brethren's Home-Mission Soci- 
 ety. 
 
 Article I. This Society shall be called the Moravian Brethren's Home- 
 Mission Society. 
 
 Art. 2. The contribution of any sum of money not less than twenty-five 
 cents per annum entitles the brother or sister contributing this amount 
 to become a member of the Society. All those individuals who are not 
 members of the Brethren's Church, but contribute according to the 
 provisions of this article, become thereby honorary members of the So- 
 ciety. 
 
 Art. 3. A contributor of ten dollars or more shall become a member for 
 life, if a member of our church ; otherwise an honorary member for 
 life. 
 
 Art. 4. The officers of the general M.B.H.M.S. shall be a President, a. Vice- 
 President, a Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary* a Treasurer and six 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 125 
 
 Directors and the members of the P. E. C. ex-officio, who together form 
 a Board of Managers. They are to be annually chosen by ballot in a 
 general meeting of the Society by a majority of the votes of the mem- 
 bers of the Society, and the actual members of auxiliary societies attend- 
 ing the meeting. 
 
 Art. 5. The President of every auxiliary Home-Mission Society is ex-officio 
 a Vice-President of the Board. 
 
 Art. 6. The Secretary shall keep a careful protocol of all meetings of the 
 Board, and of general meetings. He shall present a full and detailed 
 report of the Society's proceedings to the annual meeting, and cause 
 the same to be transmitted within four weeks thereafter to the President 
 of every auxiliary society. 
 
 Art, 7. It shall be the duty of the Corresponding Secretary to correspond 
 with the auxiliaries and laborers in the service of the Society, or with 
 any person or persons from whom information relative to the Home- 
 Mission work can be obtained ; and shall for the purpose of creating 
 or fostering an interest in the cause, make such communications to the 
 auxiliaries as in his judgment, or in the judgment of the Board of 
 officers, shall be thought advisable. 
 
 Art. 8. The Treasurer shall keep an exact account of the moneys received 
 and expended, specifying on his books from whom received, and to 
 whom and for what purpose expended. He shall present a specified 
 statement of the funds to the annual meeting of the Society, and cause 
 the same to be transmitted within four weeks thereafter to the President 
 of every auxiliary society. 
 
 Art. 9. The anniversary meeting of the General H. M. S. shall take place 
 on the second Wednesday in May, when the reports of the Secretary and 
 Treasurer are to be submitted, addresses to be delivered, and if possible 
 other interesting communications to be made. The place where the 
 anniversary meetings shall be held is to be determined at each previous 
 annual meeting. 
 
 Art. 10. The nomination, instruction and compensation of Home>-Mis- 
 sionaries shall be entrusted to the Board of Officers of the General So- 
 ciety. But their appointment shall be vested in the P. E. C. ex- 
 clusively. 
 
 Art. 11. The fund for carrying on the operations of this Society shall be 
 1. An independent Home-Missionary Sustentation-Fund for the relief 
 of superannuated or disabled Home-Missionaries and their widows and 
 the education of their children; 2. A fund for the maintenance of our 
 Home-Missionaries when in the field; and these funds shall be exclusive- 
 ly appropriated to the promotion of these objects. 
 
 Art. 12. These pecuniary means or funds of the M. B. H. M. S. shall be 
 and remain entirely distinct and separate from all other funds and diac- 
 onies ot the United Brethren's Church. 
 
 Art. 13. The above funds of the General H. M. S. shall be under the 
 sole and absolute control of the Board of Directors. 
 
 Art. 14. Such societies as shall undertake the support and maintenance of 
 one or more missionaries at their own charge, shall be left free to regu- 
 late their own financial affair*. 
 
126 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Art. 15. The Board of Managers shall have full power to enact such By- 
 Laws as they may deem expedient, if not inconsistent with the articles 
 of this constitution. 
 
 Art. 16. The General H. M. S. reserves to itself the right of making addi- 
 tions or alterations in the constitution, provided, at least two thirds of 
 the actual members present at the anniversary meeting, or at any special 
 meeting called for the purpose by the Board, shall vote affirmatively, af- 
 ter the proposed amendments or changes shall have been published to 
 the members of the Society. 
 
 The committee have felt the necessity of adopting some plan by which our 
 missionaries also may be relieved when superannuated, their widows 
 aided and their children educated, and have therefore embodied in the 
 proposed constitution an independent Home-Missionary Sustentation- 
 Fund for these objects. They propose the following methods by which 
 such a fund may be raised : 
 
 1. By contributions given by the congregations at Bethlehem, Nazareth and 
 
 Litiz, out of their abundance when blessed by the Lord with an over- 
 plus accruing from their congregation-funds; 
 
 2. By contributions annually made by the Sustentation Diacony of this 
 
 province ; 
 
 3. By the contribution of a fixed sum from the members of the Home-Mis- 
 
 sion congregations who are urged to form missionary societies for this 
 object, each member paying a small sum weekly, and these sums to be 
 transmitted quarterly or semi-annually to the Treasurer of the tT. B. H. 
 M. S., and then to be placed at interest, the principal remaining un- 
 touched ; 
 
 4. By systematic efforts to obtain donations, stated contributions or legacies 
 
 for this object among the members of our older congregations, and the 
 friends of our church generally ; 
 
 5. By the judicious investment of small sums of money in western lands ; 
 
 6. By the auxiliary societies, or any of their members insuring the life of a 
 
 missionary in a Mutual Life Insurance Co. the proceeds of the Policy 
 at his death to accrue to the Sustentation-Fund, such fund to be proper- 
 ly secured by bonds and mortgages, or State or United States stock. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the report was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Hagen read the following report from the " Committee on Doctrine 
 and Ritual" : 
 
 Report of the " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual." 
 
 The " Committee on Doctrine and Ritual" have had the subject referred to 
 them in mature and prayerful consideration, and submit the following 
 report : 
 
 *« The second chapter of the proceedings of the Preparatory Conference of 
 1847, treating on the subject of Doctrine, in the opinion of the Com- 
 mittee, is susceptible of various modifications and amendments, and is 
 hereby laid before the Synod for adoption in the following form, viz : 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 127 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 The Doctrine and manner of teaching it. 
 
 " Christ is all and in all." Col. 3. 11. 
 
 " Increase the knowledge of the mystery of Christ, and diminish misappre- 
 hensions." 
 
 Object and goal Thou shalt remain, 
 Whate'er I've labor'd to attain, 
 Unless it savour of the cross, 
 I leave, Lord, — I count but loss. 
 
 2. § 4. The Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament, are, and they 
 
 shall remain the only rule of our faith and practice. We revere them 
 as the Word of God, and are convinced that all the truths necessary 
 for man to know and to believe for his salvation are therein contained, 
 and that the Holy Spirit will explain them to every one who reads them 
 with a candid heart and humble mind, teaching him at the same time 
 to appreciate their great practical importance. 
 
 We consider every truth revealed to us from heaven, as an invaluable 
 treasure ; and it is the honest conviction of our souls, that the gain or 
 loss even of life itself is of incomparably less importance than the deni- 
 al of any part of God's revelation. 
 
 3. § 5. Without lessening the importance of any other article of christian 
 faith, we steadfastly maintain the following rive points : 
 
 1. The doctrine of the universal depravity of man ; that there is no 
 health in man, and that since the fall, he is utterly unable to save him- 
 self. 
 
 2. The doctrine of the divinity of Christ ; that God the creator of all 
 things was manifest in the flesh, and reconciled us unto Himself; that 
 
 He is before all things, and that by Him all things consist. 
 
 3. The doctrine of the Atonement, and the Satisfaction made for us by 
 Jesus Christ ; that He was delivered for our offences, and raised again 
 for our justification ; and that by His merits alone, we freely receive 
 the forgiveness of sin, are born again, and sanctified in soul and body. 
 
 4. The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and the operations of His grace ; that 
 it is He, who worketh in us convictions of sin, the " inward witness" 
 of our acceptance with God, and holiness of heart. 
 
 5. The doctrine of the fruits of faith ; that faith must evidence itself by 
 a willing obedience to the commandments of God, our Savior, from 
 love and gratitude to Him. 
 
 4. § 6. With regard to the doctrine of the New Birth, we admit, that the 
 
 day and hour of this change cannot be accurately specified by every 
 one that has experienced it ; yet are we assured of our justification, 
 regeneration, and adoption, by the " Witness" which the Spirit of God 
 bears with our Spirit, and through the testimony of our own conscience 
 that we follow after that holiness without which no man shall see the 
 Lord. We furthermore hold that this " inward witness" is bestowed 
 upon every one who truly repents and with the heart believes in Christ, 
 and that therefore the unrenewed should be urged and encourged at 
 once to seek this blessing, and be warned of the sin and danger of its 
 neglect. 
 
l^S JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 And in order that new born souls may grow in grace we continually 
 point out to them the necessity of maintaining constant communication 
 with Christ, and through him with the Holy Trinity, from which com- 
 munion are derived true sanctification of soul and body. 
 
 5. § 8. In view of this it is earnestly recommended to our ministers, to insist 
 more strenuously both in public and in private on the practice of all the 
 Christian virtues, which are taught in God's Word and alluded to in 
 the preceding paragraphs, lest the doctrine of the free grace of God in 
 Christ Jesus be perverted, by impure minds, to the quieting of the 
 awakened conscience, resolved still to live in sin, — and the doctrine of 
 the fruits of faith, i. e. an universal observance of God's commandments, 
 from motives of love and gratitude, fall into disrepute. Admonitions 
 and reproofs however, can be expected to exert a salutary influence on 
 the hearts of hearers, only in case the minister of the Word, in 
 applying them, does not raise himself above his congregation ; but 
 in true lowliness of heart, feels himself to be a sinner among sinners, 
 all of whom must alike be saved by grace. He needs a discriminating 
 mind, and unction from on high, to instruct him, lest he incur the dan- 
 ger of alienating the affections of his hearers by his admonitions, and 
 produce not amendment, but exasperation and a spirit of bitterness or 
 of self-complacency, ready only to judge others. 
 
 It is especially required in a teacher of the Word of God that he should have 
 a'thorcugh knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, and under the guidance 
 and illumination of the Holy Spirit should seek to penetrate more and 
 more deeply into their meaning, and to experience the full power of 
 divine truth in his own heart. And before any brother is appointed to 
 assist in the public proclamation of the Gospel, it is the especial duty 
 of the P. E. C. to ascertain by careful examination, that he is possessed 
 of these indispensable requisites. 
 
 We deem it of paramount importance that special care should be bestowed 
 upon individual souls, particularly on such as are newly awakened, and 
 that ministers are authorized to employ all proper means of ascertain- 
 ing who they are with the least possible delay ; so that they may guide 
 them to Christ, and be helpers of their joy. 
 
 It is a duty which a minister owes to his congregation, to endeavor thorough- 
 ly to digest and arrange his discourses, and rightly to divide the word 
 of truth (Tim. 2, 15.) making the due application of it to persons and 
 circumstances ; setting forth the whole compass of divine revelation, 
 according to the subject of the several Christian festivals, as a scribe 
 which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven, brings forth out of his 
 treasure things new and old, and leading his hearers, by the gracious 
 assistance of the Holy Spirit into all truth. 
 
 6. § 9. Our object in proclaiming the Word of God, should be to excite our 
 hearers to search the Scriptures for themselves, and with joy to draw 
 water from these wells of salvation. We deem it a sacred duty to pro- 
 mote the knowledge of the Scriptures among us by all possible means. 
 Of this we make the beginning with our children. Aware of the deep 
 and blessed impressions, which Scripture narratives from the lips of 
 pious mothers have made on the tender hearts of their children, we 
 would earnestly entreat all mothers in our congregations, not to neglect 
 this most delightful and important duty, in the performance of which 
 the blessing of the Lord may rest in such a manner, that, as we read of 
 young Timothy, 2 Tim. 1, 5., the unfeigned faith and the love of the 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 129 
 
 Redeemer, which are in them, may also be implanted in the hearts of 
 their children and children's children, strike root therein, and come to 
 perfection. 
 
 § 10. This seed of the divine word, sown in the tender hearts of children, is 
 best nurtured by means of family -worship, in which the use of our 
 text-book, upon which the Lord has been pleased to lay his blessing, 
 leads to the daily reading of one or more chapters of Holy Writ. — 
 Whilst therefore the head of every household is earnestly exhorted, on 
 no account to neglect family-worship, and wherever the same has not 
 hitherto been customary, to introduce it without delay, it does not 
 appear desirable to prescribe any set form according to which it must 
 necessarily be conducted. 
 
 §11. In the catechetical instructions, which should be given as regularly as 
 circumstances will permit, it should be the aim of the teacher, to im- 
 press the doctrinal truths of our religion on the minds of the young in 
 as familiar and perspicuous a manner as possible, and to make such 
 instructions interesting to them. 
 
 And being deeply impressed with the importance of Sunday-schools and 
 Bible-classes, it is recommended that all our ministers faithfully main- 
 tain them where they already exist, and introduce them where they do 
 not. 
 
 It is further earnestly recommended that the committing to memory of 
 choice texts of scripture, as well as of hymns be much insisted on ; and 
 that efforts be made to encourage our youth to lay up a rich treasure 
 of such truths, as can make them wise unto salvation. The exhorta- 
 tion of the Apostle should not be forgotten : " Let the Word of Christ 
 dwell in you richly in all wisdom ; teaching and admonishing one 
 another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace 
 in your hearts to the Lord." (Col. 3, 16.) 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 The Ritual. (Liturgicum.) 
 
 " Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of 
 some is." Heb. 10, 25. 
 
 " Give spirit and power to preach Thy word." 
 
 Could I exalt Thee worthily, 
 
 For Thy unbounded grace 
 
 Display'd in various ways to me, 
 
 My lauds would never cease. 
 § 12. The object aimed at by our whole ritual, is on the one hand, to furnish 
 instruction in the truths of our christian faith out of the word of God, 
 and, on the other, to make a special application thereof to the different 
 relations and circumstances of human life. It seeks to make the awaken- 
 ing, quickening and sanctification of the heart go hand in hand with 
 the mere speculative knowledge of the doctrines of Christianity. 
 
 Regulations of whatever kind, affecting the ritual of our church, must never 
 be allowed to become a dead letter, or to degenerate into a cold and 
 lifeless form. It is therefore to be counted as one of the special privi- 
 leges of the Brethren's church, that it has reserved to itself the liberty 
 of altering and amending its ritual according to the circumstances that 
 may arise and the exigencies that may present themselves. 
 
 17 
 
130 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 § 13. With respect to the observance of the Sunday as the day, of the Lord, 
 it cannot be denied, that recently it has been more satisfactory in our 
 congregations generally, than was the case in previous years. But a 
 still more marked improvement is desirable. Though we feel ourselves 
 compelled, partly by the agitation of this subject now prevailing in 
 various divisions of the christian church, and partly too by other con- 
 siderations, to express and sanction some views relative to the proper 
 observance of the Lord's day, and to endeavor to throw out hints for 
 the regulation of such an observance, we cannot do otherwise, — and by 
 so doing we design no disparagement of the sentiments and opinions 
 prevalent amongst the christian public in this country, — than solemnly 
 to remind all connected with us, not to give place to the erroneous 
 opinion, that the strict observance of the Lord's day is possessed of any 
 peculiar meritoriousness. We are rather to regard it as an undeserved 
 privilege that one day in seven has been granted us as a day of rest. — 
 Whoever sincerely loveth the Saviour, devotes this day with heartfelt 
 gratitude towards God, to the furtherance of his own as well as of his 
 neighbor's edification. 
 
 § 14. In accordance with these principles, which we find laid down in Rom. 
 14, 1 — 23, (not to refer to other similar passages of Holy Writ,) and to 
 which we have always subscribed, (compare § 186 and § 235 of the Idea 
 Fidei Fratrum,) it is emphatically reeommended to all our ministers to 
 exert themselves to their utmost, to enlighten the minds of the mem- 
 bers of their respective charges on this subject, and to urge them to a 
 conscientious observance of all those means, which are calculated to 
 further the object for which the Lord's day has been set apart. 
 
 The church recognizes the obligation faithfully to sustain every minister in 
 the discharge of this duty, provided always he act in the spirit of the 
 Gospel. 
 
 § 15. A complete enumeration of all such acts as are admissible or inadmis- 
 sible on the Lord's day is manifestly impossible, more particularly on 
 account of the diversity of opinions on this subject prevalent in the 
 Christian church, especially in this country, — and were it practicable, 
 it would perhaps give rise to a code of laws, which would scarcely be 
 compatible with the spirit of the Gospel. Still we conceive it not in- 
 consistent with that spirit, solemnly to charge all the members of our 
 church to abstain from unnecessary travel, as well as from frequenting 
 public houses on the Sabbath, such conduct being not only unchristian, 
 but also disreputable in the eyes of respectable persons. Further, we 
 exhort them to avoid the very appearance of an habitual neglect of the 
 public services of the sanctuary on that day, and to be careful, that the 
 recreations, indulged in on the same, be innocent, and interfere neither 
 with their own attendance nor with that of others on divine worship. 
 
 In conclusion, we most earnestly admonish every one in all his actions to 
 consider not only, whether they are in themselves innocent, but also, 
 whether they may not prove an offence or a snare to others, ever re- 
 membering, that he is to be judged not by man alone, but by the omnis- 
 cient God. 
 
 § 16. Baptism, which is to be observed with becoming solemnity, is usually 
 to be administered in a public meeting of the congregation, to which 
 our children are to be made particularly welcome. The administration 
 of this ordinance furnishes a suitable opportunity to remind those present 
 of the covenant into which they were received by that rite, which is the 
 answer of a good conscience towards God. 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 131 
 
 4 17. We propose no alteration in the solemnly impressive manner in which 
 the Lord's Supper has hitherto been administered amongst us. Nor do 
 we lay down any rule, binding on all our congregations, as to the time 
 when this ordinance is to be observed, although it is not to be adminis- 
 tered more frequently than once in four weeks. But should a communi- 
 cant habitually neglect this ordinance from an improper cause, as 
 for instance, from hatred or revengeful feelings towards any one, we 
 cannot regard such conduct as indicative of faithfulness towards him- 
 self, but rather of unfaithfulness towards his Savior and a heinous sin 
 against Christ. 
 
 § 18. The service preparatory to the Lord's supper, should not be neglected 
 by our communicants, except for valid reasons. It is perhaps not feas- 
 ible to re-introduce the practice formerly in vogue amongst us, of hold- 
 ing private conversations between the individual communicants and 
 the pastor, previous to every communion season, and yet there may 
 be some in our connexion who would wish to see the practice revived. 
 It is therefore recommended to our ministers, whenever they announce 
 the celebration of the Lord's supper, to invite all such as feel desirous 
 of conversing with them, to call on them at certain designated time and 
 place. 
 
 Wherever practicable, the Thansgiving-meeting, formerly held on the day 
 after the administration of this sacrament, should again be introduced. 
 
 AH our congregations are hereby instructed to use our most excellent and 
 impressive church litany, statedly engaging therein with due reverence 
 ' and unction, and that the custom of the church in regard to the post- 
 ure in which we appear before the Lord in this service, be retained. 
 
 §19. However various may be the manner of interring our dead in different 
 congregations, funerals afford an apportanity not to be neglected for 
 solemn meditation upon the duty of contemplating our passage through 
 time, in the light of that eternity to which we are individually hasten- 
 ing. 
 
 The request which has frequently been made, is now repeated, viz : that 
 our brethren and sisters would not neglect to write their own memoirs, 
 in which God's dealings with them in spirituals as well as temporals, 
 may be recorded, by means of which even after their departure, they 
 may be of permanent blessing to many souls. Uniformity and sim- 
 plicity in the epitaphs as well as in the grave-stones themselves, in our 
 respective burial-places, ought if possible to be preserved. 
 
 § 20. Besides Monthly Concert of prayer, which is regularly observed in 
 the majority of our congregations on the first Monday of erery month, 
 other meetings for prayer, either in the church or in private houses on 
 week-day evenings, are held in some places more or less regularly. — 
 With respect to the latter, the remark may not be out of place, that 
 social prayer meetings perfectly accord with the spirit of our church, 
 provided they spring from love to God and to the brethren, and are 
 conducted in an unostentatious manner and with childlike reliance on 
 Christ's promise, Matth. 18, 19 and 20th verses. 
 
 § 21. Our Love-feasts, imitative of the Agapae of the primitive Christians, 
 and beautifully emblematical of that family-bond, which unites us as 
 brethren and sisters in our common love to the Lord, ought properly to 
 be regarded as private meetings merely, designed only for members of 
 the church, It is however left to the Elders' Conferencei or commit- 
 
132 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 tees of our respective churches to determine what restrictions with re- 
 spect to the admission of strangers to such meetings shall be made in 
 every instance. 
 
 § 22. It furnishes matter for regret that in most of our congregations sing- 
 ing-meetings have been almost if not altogether, discontinued. In order 
 to revive the taste for them, the conference would enforce the admoni- 
 tion of the Synod of 1836, that our adult members, as well as children, 
 familiarize themselves with our hymns and tunes. It is therefore earn- 
 estly recommended to our different congregations to bestow greater 
 pains on the committing to memory of hymns, so that the singing in 
 the meetings alluded to may not be interrupted by the giving out of 
 the lines of the hymn. Our ministers, being ex-officio directors of our 
 church-music, are hereby instructed to retain, as far as possible, our 
 own peculiar sacred music, and, wherever practicable, to take measures 
 to have our school-children taught to sing our own tunes. 
 
 § 23. It was generajly regretted, that our congregations in this country, for 
 want of a proper medium of communication, had become gradually less 
 acquainted with each other than they are with many of our societies in 
 Europe. The unanimous wish was therefore expressed, that P. H. C. 
 might adopt suitable measures, to further the acquaintance amongst 
 themselves of our American congregations, and also annually to pub- 
 lish extracts from the reports sent in by our respective ministers. 
 
 Each minister should keep a regular diary of the most important occurrences 
 in his congregation and of his own official acts, and furnish, annually, 
 an extract of the same to the P. E. C. 
 
 F. F. HAGEN, 
 
 J. C. JACOBSON, 
 
 P. WOLLE, 
 
 H. BACHMAN, 
 
 H. G. CLAUDER, . 
 
 J. WEISS, 
 
 F. JORDAN, 
 
 D. WEINLAND, 
 
 C. D. BUSSE. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the report was accepted and laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Hagen then offered the following resolution from the " Committee on 
 Doctrine and Ritual" : 
 
 " Resolved, that the P. E. C. in connection with the ministers of Bethlehem 
 and Nazareth, be instructed to prepare for early publication, an epitome, 
 or brief exposition of the principles of Doctrine, the Constitution and 
 Discipline of the Brethren's church." 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck. the resolution was laid on the table. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wolle, (Bethl.) the report of the " Committee on Church 
 Publications," was taken up for further consideration. 
 
 The second resolution being under consideration, Br. Schweinitz moved 
 to amend by inserting after published, " in place of the present Church Mis- 
 cellany," so as to read : 
 
 That at this office a weekly paper be published, in place of the present 
 Church Miscellany. Agreed to. 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 133 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to amend the amendment, by striking out all 
 after resolved, and inserting, " that the Church Miscellany be published at 
 this office from the 1st of January next as a weekly paper. Agreed to, and 
 the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The third resolution being under consideration, Br. Schweinitz moved to 
 amend, by striking out the last clause. — Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The fourth resolution being under consideration, Br. Clauder moved to 
 suspend the seriatim consideration of these resolutions and take up the 
 tenth and eleventh resolutions relating to finance. Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the eleventh resolution was taken up first. 
 
 During consideration of the same, Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved that an ex" 
 act inventory of the stock and debts of the bookstore be made and reported 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend, " that the brother who has the care of the 
 bookstore be requested to furnish a specifie inventory of the same by Mon- 
 day next 2 P. M. 
 
 The amendment was accepted, and the resolution as amended adopted. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, That the Sustentation Diacony shall advance from time to time 
 for the enterprize any sum not exceeding fifteen hundred dollars in the 
 aggregate, but no more ; provided that if after one year's trial of the 
 bookstore and publication office at Philadelphia, it should prove that 
 the entire income of the concern, with the aid of the fifteen hundred 
 dollars before mentioned, should not completely cover all expenses con- 
 nected with the enterprize, then the concern shall be forthwith wound 
 up." 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that the report of the " Committee on Church Pub- 
 lications" be referred to a new committee, but withdrew his motion, when 
 after some further discussion on the resolution before the Synod, Br. Bleck 
 offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the further consideration of the report of the 
 " Committee on Church Publications" be postponed for the 
 present, and that the whole matter relating to the establish- 
 ment of the Bookstore and the Publication office, and of the 
 publication of a weekly paper, and all matters connected there- 
 with be referred to a special committee of five, to report a 
 plan in accordance as far as may be, with the views express- 
 ed by the Synod. Adopted. 
 
 The President appointed the brethren Tschudy, Blickensderfer, (Sharon) 
 Luckenbach, Rice and Bleck the special committee of five. 
 
 On motion Synod adjourned to 2 P. M., after singing : " 3>tt aHctt tHCt- 
 ncn Xhatcn," u. f. w. 
 
lo4 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION. 
 
 2 p. M. — 34 members present. 
 
 Sung. " The Lord my Shepherd is, and Guide," 
 
 Prayer by Br. Barstow, 
 
 On leave granted, Br. Goepp offered the following resolution — 
 
 7. Vacancies which may occur in the Provincial Elders' Conference during 
 the recess of the Provincial Synod, shall be filled in the following man- 
 ner : The Provincial Elders' Conference shall issue its circular to the 
 different congregations and other persons interested, giving them notice 
 of such vacancy and directing them to vote for a brother among the 
 ministry to fill the same. In the election every person who is ex-officio 
 entitled to a seat and vote in the Provincial Synod shall have one vote, 
 and each congregation shall be entitled to as many votes as such con- 
 gregation was entitled to send delegates to the Provincial Synod last held, 
 to be given them, as they by the congregation council direct, or by 
 electors chosen by them, as they may see proper. The votes so given shall 
 be sealed up and sent to the Provincial Elders' Conference who shall re- 
 ceive them but break no seal, until all the votes have been received and their 
 own vote or votes added thereto. The votes shall then be opened and count- 
 ed in the presence of not less than two other brethren, and if any broth- 
 er shall have a majority of all the votes given he shall be considered 
 elected. Should no brother have a majority of all the votes given, the 
 Provincial Elders' Conference shall issue another circular as before, giv- 
 ing the names of the three brethren who received the highest number 
 of votes. — 
 
 The ministers of congregations and all others entitled to vote, shall then 
 again vote in a manner above described but shall be confined in their 
 votes to the three brethren named. When the votes have again been re- 
 turned to the Provincial Elders' Conference as above stated, and after 
 their vote has been added, they shall open and count the votes in the 
 presence of witnesses as before, and the brother having the highest num- 
 ber of votes shall be considered elected. After each election the Pro- 
 vincial Elders' Conference shall publish a full account thereof. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to amend by striking out three and inserting two 
 in the fourth sentence. — Lost. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved to amend by striking out " the highest number of votes," 
 and inserting " a majority of votes" at the close of the second last sentence. 
 — agreed to, and the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Rice the Report of " Committee on Finance" was taken 
 up. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp the resolutions of said Report were taken up. 
 
 The first resolution was adopted. 
 
 The second resolution being under consideration Br. Luckenbach moved to 
 amend by striking out " higher rate of interest than five per cent" — and 
 inserting " rate of interest not less than six per cent." — Agreed to. 
 
 The resolutiou as amended was adopted. 
 
 The third resolution was adopted. 
 
JOURNAL OE THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 135 
 
 The fourth resolution being under consideration, Br. Luckenbach moved 
 to amend by striking out $650 and inserting $700. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) called for a division. 
 
 The question having been taken on striking out $650, it was carried. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to fill the blank with -$600. 
 
 Br. Rice with $700. Br. Bleck with $675. 
 
 On the question of filling the blank with $700 Br. Blickensderfer (Sha- 
 ron) called the yeas and nays, which resulted as follows ; Yeas, the brethren 
 Bigler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Busse, Clauder, Eberman, (Naz.) 
 Hagen, Harvey, Kummer, Lennert, Leibfried, Luckenbach, Oehler, Regenass, 
 Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke (Staten Island) Rice, Schweinitz Troeger, Wunder- 
 ling. 20. Nays, the brethren Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Holland, Jordan, 
 Kn auss, Masslich, Micksch, Musselman, Peisert, Perkin, Rauch, Shultz, 
 Tschudy, Yobst. 13. The question was carried. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The fifth resolution being under consideration, Br. Rice moved to amend 
 by adding " with discretionary power to increase these rates in certain cases, 
 if it shall be found necessary." — Agreed to. 
 
 And the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The tenth resolution being under consideration, Br. Shultz moved to in- 
 sert " not less than" before $500, but withdrew, when Br. Blickensderfer 
 (Sharon) moved to amend by striking out the proviso. 
 
 The questiou having been taken on the amendment it was lost. 
 
 The question having been taken on the resolution it was adopted. 
 
 The eleventh and twelfth resolutions were adopted. 
 
 Br. Rice offered the following resolution to be appended to the Report of 
 V Committee on Finance" as the fourteenth. 
 
 " Resolved," That the sum of about $2400, being a part of the 
 debt due by the Hopedale congregation be remitted. 
 Adopted. 
 
 Br. Lennert offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that this Synod call upon all our respective congrega- 
 tions which need aid, to inform the P. E. C. through their 
 committees, what amount of salary is paid their pastors 
 annually by voluntary subscription ; and that they furnish 
 at the same time the amount of taxable property owned by 
 the members of their congregations, and the sum paid by 
 them in taxes for the support of government." 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend by inserting " or received" 
 after need. — 
 
 Accepted, and the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion it was inserted in the report of " Committee on Finance." 
 
136 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 The question having been taken on the whole, it was adopted. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that this Synod adjourn sine dine on Wednesday 
 next M. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved to adjourn over to Monday next eight 
 o'clock A. M. — Agreed to — and Synod adjourned after singing : 
 
 " The Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ," &c. 
 
 TWENTY-SEVENTH SESSION. 
 
 Monday, May 21st, 8. A. M. — 36 members present. 
 
 Sung : " My soul awake and render/, &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Wolle, (Dover.) — Texts of the day read. 
 
 Minutes of Saturday's Sessions read, amended and adopted. 
 
 The President proceeded to call on committees to report, when the "Special 
 Committee of five on " Church Publications" reported as follows: 
 
 Report of the Special Committee of five on Church Publications. 
 
 The " Special Committee" to whom was referred the matter of the establish- 
 ment of a Book Store and Publication Office and of a weekly paper in 
 lieu of the " Miscellany" recommended by the "Committee on Church 
 Publications," beg leave to report : 
 
 That they had the matter referred to them under careful and diligent review, 
 and in the progress of their investigations became deeply impressed 
 with the difficulties which surround the project. While they heartily 
 accord the meed of praise to the " Committee on Church Publications" 
 for their earnest and zealous endeavors to surmount those difficulties, 
 your special committee cannot agree with them as to the practicability 
 of the plan in its detail, submitted by the other ; they, therefore, re- 
 spectfully recommend the adoption of the annexed resolutions, viz : 
 
 1. Resolved, that a Moravian Bookstore and Publication office be opened in 
 
 Philadelphia, and that the book concern at Bethlehem be wound up, 
 and the stock remaining on hand be transferred to the Bookstore and 
 Publication office in Philadelphia, to constitute a part of the stock of 
 the same. 
 
 2. Resolved, that the Sustentation Diacony may from time to time loan to 
 
 said concern in Philadelphia, such sums of money, as shall in the ag- 
 gregate not exceed $1500. 
 
 3. Resolved, that Br. Francis Jordan be the agent to superintend the finan- 
 
 cial concerns of the Bookstore and Publication office, with power to 
 employ such assistants as he may deem requisite. 
 
 4. Resolved, that a weekly paper be issued from the said Publication Office, 
 
 under the title of" The Moravian (Church Miscellany)" at the annual 
 subscription of $1.00, payable in advance, and that the present sub- 
 scribers to the " Miscellany" receive said weekly publication in lieu 
 thereof, to the amount of the balance of their respective subscriptions. 
 
Journal otf the fcRovtNclAL s*Noi>. 13 Y 
 
 5. Resolved, that Br. Edmund Schweinitz be the Editor of "The Moravian 
 
 (Church Miscellany)" with power to call to his aid the service of such 
 persons as he may deem proper. 
 
 6. Resolved, that the first number of the weekly Moravian (Church Miscel* 
 
 lany) be issued as soon as may be, and at farthest the first week of 
 1856. 
 
 7. Resolved, that the Editor and Agent, are hereby authorized to compen* 
 
 sate themselves and their assistants for their services, from the income 
 of the concern, as they shall deem right and just* 
 
 8. Resolved, that the P. E. C. shall send an ageht at the end of each year 
 
 to examine into the financial condition of the concern, and to report 
 thereon ; and if, in the opinion of the P. E. C. said concern ought to 
 be wound up, they shall proceed to do so forthwith. 
 
 J. B. TSCHUDY) Chairman, 
 E. F» BLECK, Secretary. 
 
 On motion of Br. Rice* the report was taken up. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bigler, the resolutions were considered seriatim. 
 
 The first, second and third resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The fourth resolution Was, after some discussion, adopted. 
 
 The fifth resolution being under consideration, the necessity of appoint* 
 ing an editor of the Moravian Church Miscellany ad interim, being suggest* 
 ed, Br. Schweinitz moved that the appointment be left to the P. E. C— ' 
 Agreed to. 
 
 The fifth resolution was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Weiss, a reconsideration of the vote on the name 
 " Moravian Church Miscellany" was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, it was agreed to call the new weekly u The 
 Moravian." 
 
 The sixth and seventh resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The eighth resolution being under consideration, Br. Holland moved to 
 amend, by inserting " financial" before " condition.*' Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The question having been taken on the Whole report as amended, it was 
 adopted. 
 
 The final resolution of the report of the " Committee on Church Publica* 
 tions" being under consideration, on motion of Br. Bleck, it was indefinite* 
 ly postponed. 
 
 Br. Goepp offered the following resolution : 
 
 u Resolved, that the Synod recommend to the P. E. C. to take into 
 consideration the publication of a history of the Brethren's 
 Church/' Adopted. 
 
 On motion the Synod took a recess of fifteen minutes. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wunderling, the report of the " Committee on the Lot'* 
 was taken up for consideration. 
 
 18 
 
138 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the resolutions of said report be taken up seriatimv 
 Agreed to. 
 
 The first case in said report being under consideration, (when a brother 
 receives a call), Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) called the yeas and nays, which 
 resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bachman, Barstow, Bigler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, 
 (Dover) Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenh.) Blum, Brown, 
 Christ, Clauder, Eberman, (Naz.) Goepp, Hagen, Harvey, Holland, Jacob- 
 son, Kampmann, Knauss, Rummer, 1 Lennert, Masslich, Micksch, Oehler, 
 Peisert, Perkin, Raueh, Regenass, Reinke, (Litizj Reinke, (Staten Island) 
 Rice, Schweinitz, Seidel, Shultz, Troeger, Tsehtidy, Weinland, Weiss, 
 Wolle, (Dover) Wunderling. — 40 
 
 ifdys.— Wcfae. 
 
 The resolution was accordingly unanimously adopted. 
 
 The second case (" when the P. E. C. when making appointments" &c.) 
 being under consideration, Br. Bigler moved to amend by striking it out 
 entirely. 
 
 Br. Block offered the following amendment to the amendment : 
 
 " Resolved, that the P. E. C. shall, in doubtful cases have full liberty, as 
 heretofore to use the lot in making appointments, the directions thus 
 received to be binding upon themselves alone ; and that they are pro- 
 hibited from disclosing their action in this respect and the decision ob- 
 tained, to any person whatsoever until the matter of the appointment 
 shall have been finally settled. Lost. 
 
 Br. Bigler withdrew his amendment, and the question having been taken 
 on the second case, it was adopted. 
 
 Br. Wunderling offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the lot be used in the election of the members of the P. 
 E. U." 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the resolution was postponed indefinitely. 
 
 Br. Goepp offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that when a brother or sister is desirous of having in 
 their private affairs a decision by the lot iu their behalf,* the 
 use of it shall be allowed, provided the P. E. C. is fully sat- 
 isfied of the advisability of the request made- and that the 
 lot so used is binding on the individuals, in whose behalf 
 it has been used. Adopted. 
 Br. Shultz moved to reconsider the second case, of the report of the 
 " Committee on the use of the Lot." 
 
 On the question of reconsideration, Br. Schultz called the yeas and nays, 
 which resulted as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bachman, Beckler, Bigler, Hagen, Harvey, Shultz, 
 Wunderling. — 7. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Barstow, Bleck, Blickensderfer, jr., (Dover) Blick- 
 ensderfer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenh.) Blum, Brown, Christ, Clau- 
 der, Eberman, (Naz.) Goepp, Holland, Jacobson, Kampmann, Knauss, Rum- 
 mer, Lennert, Masslich, Miksch, Oehler, Peisert, Perkin, Regenass, Reinke, 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 139 
 
 (Stat. Isl.) Rice, Schweinitz, Seidel, Troeger, 'Pschudy, Weinland, Weiss, 
 Wolle (Dover.)— 32. 
 
 The motion of reconsideration was accordingly lost. 
 
 Pending the discussion on the introductory part of the report before the 
 Synod, on motion, the Synod adjourned after singing, " To God, the Father, 
 God the Son" &c. 
 
 TWENTY-EIGHTH SESSION. 
 2 p. M. — 28 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Give to our God immortal praise" &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Kampmann. 
 
 The introductory part of the report of the " Committee on the use of the 
 Lot," being before the Synod, Br. Bleck offered the following preamble and 
 resolution as an amendment : 
 
 We do not design to assert that the Savior cannot govern his 
 Church without the Lot, but we hold that the use of it de* 
 mands prudence, conscientiousness and devout affection j that 
 it must never be applied when a clear declaration of Holy 
 Writ already decides the point in question ; and that those 
 only who cast it, or cause it to be used, are bound by its 
 decisions, therefore 
 
 Resolved, that the Lot shall be used in the following cases only : 
 (See page 123 Report of the " Committee on the use of the 
 Lot.") Agreed to. 
 The introductory part as amended, was accordingly adopted. 
 The question having been taken on the whole report, it was adopted. 
 
 Br. Seidel who hitherto has had the care of the Bookstore, reported accord- 
 ing to request, as follows : 
 
 Bethiehem Book Stoiie, May 21s£, 1855, 
 
 Liabilities : 
 Old Inventory, $225 75 
 
 Sundry Creditors : 
 Sust. Diacony, 765 00 
 
 Assets i 
 " New Inventory, 
 Sundry Creditors, 
 Cash, 
 
 Balance, 
 
 $1446 37 
 
 687 25 
 
 76 30 
 
 Unit. Buchhandlung, 201 53 
 Mallalieu, London, 25 08 
 
 $2219 93 
 
 Balance, 1002 57 
 
 $1002 57 
 
 $2219 93 
 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck the report was received to be entered on the 
 journal. 
 
140 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen, the Synod tendered Br. Seidel a vote of thanks 
 for his faithful labors and services in the Bookstore, and also as a member 
 of the P. E. C. 
 
 On motion of Br. Wunderling, the report of the " Committee on Home- 
 Missions" was taken up, when after considerable discussion as to the Synod's 
 right of forming a Constitution for the Home-Mission Society at Bethlehem, 
 the whole report was recommitted to a special committee of five, who were 
 instructed to report by to-morrow morning. 
 
 The President appointed the brethren Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Bigler, 
 Wolle, Shultz and Perkin. 
 
 On motion of Br. Schweinitz, the report of the " Committee on Doctrine 
 and Ritual," was taken up for consideration. 
 
 Sections one, two, three and four were adopted. 
 
 Section five being under consideration, Br. Wolle (Dover) moved to 
 strike out the words " or omit." Agreed to, and the section as amended 
 was adopted. 
 
 Sections six, seven, eight, nine, ten and eleven, were adopted. 
 
 Section twelve being under consideration, Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to 
 strike out " It is earnestly recommended that all our congregations" and to 
 insert, " All our congregations are hereby instructed, statedly" &c. Agreed 
 to, and the section as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Shultz offered the following resolution to be appended : 
 
 u Resolved, that this Synod instruct the ministers of our various 
 congregations, on no account to suffer any other Litany to be 
 prayed in their respective churches, except their own/' 
 
 The resolution was, after some consideration, adopted. 
 
 Br. Eberman (Naz.) moved a reconsideration of the vote on this resolu- 
 tion. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved its indefinite postponement. 
 
 Br. Shultz called the yeas and nays on the above question, which resulted 
 as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Bachman, Brown, Clauder, Eberman, (Naz.) Jacob- 
 son, Oehler, Perkin, Regenass, Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, (Stat. Is.) Rice, 
 Schweinitz, Shultz, Troeger, Wolle, (Dover.) — 15. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Bigler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blickensder- 
 fer, (Sharon) Blum, Hagen, Harvey, Kampmann, Knauss, Kummer, Len- 
 nert, Weiss, Wolle, (Bethl.)— 13. 
 
 The resolution was accordingly adopted. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the Litany be prayed every Sunday. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) moved to amend, " that when the Litany is used, it 
 be prayed in connection with the sermon." Agreed to. 
 
 Sections thirteen and fourteen were adopted. 
 
 The resolution appended to the report as follows, was adopted : 
 u Resolved, that the P. E. C. in connection with the ministers of 
 Bethlehem and Nazareth, be instructed to prepare for early 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 141 
 
 publication, an epitome, or brief exposition of the principles 
 of Doctrine, the Constitution and discipline of the Brethren's 
 Church. 
 
 The question having been taken on the whole report as amended, it was 
 adopted. 
 
 On motion, Synod adjourned after singing, " Sic ©liafcc frc$ Jjpcrrn 3>e|ll 
 <X()lifr." 
 
 TWENTY-NINTH SESSION. 
 
 Tuesday, May 22d, 8 A. m. — 29 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Be present with thy servants Lord," &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Goepp. 
 
 Minutes of yesterday's Session, read, amended and approved. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the memorial of the " Committee on Constitution 
 and Church Government" to the U. E. C. be taken up for consideration, 
 but withdrew at the request of Br. Bahnson, who reported as follows from 
 the " Committee on Foreign-Missions" : 
 
 Report of the " Committee on - Foreign-Missions." 
 The " Committee on Foreign-Missions" beg leave to report as follows : 
 Your committee have principally taken into consideration the propriety of 
 establishing new mission-stations among the heathen Indian tribes of 
 North America. In common with their brethren of the Synod, your 
 committee feel an earnest desire for the advancement of the Savior's 
 kingdom upon earth, and especially upon this continent. They re- 
 member the zeal and efforts of their forefathers, and would not forget 
 the example set them by those labors of love among our red brethren 
 of the forest. They are pained at the thought that the apparently 
 doomed Indian race is passing away so rapidly. 
 Your committee have therefore carefully considered the subject of the exten- 
 sion of missionary work among the Indians. Difficulties apparently 
 insurmountable seem to present themselves however, in view of which 
 your committee report the following as the result of their deliberation : 
 Whereas, in the present disturbed state of affairs among the Indian tribes 
 in this country, it is difficult to obtain a permanent location for the 
 missionaries who must necessarily reside at a great distance from home, 
 in view further ot the want of men who are willing to take their lives 
 in hand, to devote themselves to the self-denying work of evangelizing 
 those roving tribes ; in view, further, of the equally great destitution 
 nearer home, and the importance of establishing our Home-Mission 
 operations upon a more efficient footing ; in view further of the doubt- 
 ful propriety of expending our means and strength upon comparatively 
 unprofitable fields of labour in the Indian country, whilst new and 
 more likely spheres of usefulness are opening nearer home; in view, 
 further, of the fact that these heathen Indians are not left entirely un- 
 cared for by Christian brethren of other denominations, better able from 
 their numerical superiority to sustain distant missionary operations, 
 therefore 
 
142 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 " Resolved, that the Foreign-Mission committee recommend, that for the 
 present, and until more favorable indications present themselves, no 
 new mission-stations among the Indians be commenced ; but that our 
 efforts be concentrated on the Home-Mission work." 
 
 " Resolved, that the mission stations now in operation, be however upheld 
 to the utmost of our ability ; that our brethren on said stations be en- 
 couraged to persevere in their arduous work; that they be aided as 
 heretofore by men and means, in as far as the Church is able to furnish 
 them ; and that our missionaries be instructed to labor zealously among 
 their white brethren also, as far as their proper Indian missionary work 
 will admit of such effort. 
 
 G. F. BAHNSON, Chairman. 
 A. A. REINKE, Secretary. 
 
 HENRY BACHMAN, 
 J. H. KUMMER, 
 JOHN REGENASS, 
 S. H. CORTELYOU. 
 
 On motion the report was laid on the table, when Br. Bigler renewed 
 his motion, which was agreed to, and Br. Goepp read the following memo- 
 rial in the German language. 
 
 Sin btc SBrtifccr fcev ttnttates = 5JcItcften* ©cmfercni in 23cr* 
 tl)e!$fcorf. 
 
 2 i e b e n 05 r u b e r : 
 
 &er am 2ten 9)?a» biefeg %\\)xt*> fyier 
 in Bethlehem 3ufammena,etretene €unobu5 be? nbrblicfyen £>e$irfg un* 
 frer s $ruber^ird)e in ben 'iBereinigten etaaten lea,t £ud) hiemit eine 
 9ieihe son nmfytam 33efcfyluffen t>ot> mit ber angelegentlictyen fitter 
 fciefelben ernfHid) unb uor ben 2(ua,en be§ Xperrn $u prufen, unb mit fo 
 wenig SSerjua, als> mbglicb bicjenia,en 0d)ritte ju eramfen, rcelcfye bic 
 5£id)tia,r'eit berfelben unb tk (Sonfritution unfrer Q3ruber?$ird)e erfor* 
 bern mca,en. 
 
 2>iefe 35efd)ltiffe enthalten n?tcl)tt^e 2Serdnberunam in bcr bigheriam 
 SSerfaffuna, unfrer ^rotnn^ mit beren Slusfubruna, aud) roefentlicfye 
 QSerdnberungen in ber £te(Iuna, unferer ^rouinj $u ber ^rubersltnitdt 
 in3 ©an ( ^e notbwenbia, uerbunbenfein wiirben. £gftnb biefelben uber* 
 big uon ber %xt r bafj fie, rcenn a,leid) in 33e$ua, auf f^ieft^e ^tjnobc 
 felbfr al§ Q5efd)luffe, bod) in s ^u^ auf bie 35rubersUnitdt itberfyaupt 
 nur al6 ber UnitatSs^Cetrcftcns^cnferen^ unb et>entuatiter einem a(Ia,e- 
 meinen <Swnobu§ Dorjulegenbe "QSorfd>la^e an$ufel)en ftnb. 
 
 § 168 beg €t;ncbaU2SerlaffeS »on 1848 entfydlt s £efHmmuna,en, 
 vocld^e e^ §tx>etfelt>aft madien fonnten, ob bie a^enrcdrtig bier t>erfam* 
 melte ^rooin^iaUe;t;nobe uberhaupt bered)ti^t roar f fo rt>eit (jehenbe 
 SSorfcfyldge $u mad)en. £>af, roir ung baju beredrtiget glaubten, be* 
 roeifj bie Sfyat ; unfre ©riinbe baju roaren in fur^em fola,enbe : ^ixxit 
 3(bfd)nitt mad)t eg ber ^rou. <8«nobe $ur <))flid)t alle inneren unb 
 dufceren flSerfydltniffe unfrer ^rouin^ grunblid) in (Srrodjjung $u neh* 
 men. $tefeg ift unmoa,licb, a,eroefen f ofyne auf bie (Jrrodguna, son 98or* 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 143 
 
 fd)ldc)enf dfyulid) \vk bit (£ucfy fyier »orgelegten> ein§ugetyeti, $6enn 
 biefes nnrttid) burd) ben le&ten <©«$ jener 35ejrimniungen r-erbeteu 
 roar, fe ware barin Die in bem erfren Styeil berfelben au&gcfprod)ene 
 QSetbinblidtfeit $u einer Unmbglid)feit gemad)t roorben. SM& t'onnte 
 tie SSJteinung bei allgemeinen £pnofcU0 nicbt feiny roeld)em an einer 
 grunblidjen £'rrodgung aller 25erl)dltniffe unfrer ^>cotMn§ auf einem 
 ^o&irt^afe^nobus attes gelegen fein mujs. £nefe lleberleaung l>at 
 une ^u tern £ntfd)lujs gebracfyt/ in SSorfdildge roie bte Mrliegenbcn 
 ein§ug«t)en unb Dtefelben in $X'5ug auf uns $u Q3efcbliiffen ju crtyeben, 
 urn fie (£uci) ale tion unj b e f d) I o f f e n e 23 o r f d) 1 a g e »or$aa 
 legen. 
 
 3nbem roir nun ^u ber (Srldurewmg bes 3 n I) a 1 1 e § biefer t?or* 
 gefd)lagenen &efd)luffe uber^el;en f fo nuinfcben roir §uer$ barauf auf? 
 merr'fam $u macben, bajs einige berfelben birccte 9Scrfd)ldge ju SSeraira 
 dnberungen mad)en, anbere nur im *2lllgemeinen bie 2Uitl)oritdt, in3u* 
 funft jraetfnidfige iBerdnberungen in ber SSerfaffung unfrer ^)roj)inj 
 $u mad)en, unferen ^rooinjiaU^noben libertragen. 
 
 £>ie Urfacfye tjierju iff/ Baf, ba ber gaflgc @5ancj ber (£reigniffe inun* 
 ferm 2anD tin iiberaus rafd)er ijr, wit ee nicbt fiir gerattyen tyalten, 
 fejre §3ejrimmungeri liber bas unabroeisiid)e 35ebiirfniJ3 l;inaus ini 2Ser- 
 au$ ju mad)en. 
 
 tlnb mit biefer 33tmerrung fyabeu roir jtfgteidb einen ber Qaupt* 
 QSeroeggriinDe ,$u unferm ganjen QSerfatjren in biefer 93crfaffung^2Cn* 
 gelegenfyeit beriibrt. 3>n ben'le$ren ad)t ^afyren, ifei't unfrer prdparas 
 rerifd)en £t;nobe uon 1847, fyaben fid) in unferer Ijiepgen ft'irdje bic 
 SSerfydltnifle im Vieufccren unb 3>nrteren fet>r gednbert. 2>ie jtetme $u 
 biefen QSerdnberungen roaren fd)On ucffyanben, 5. 53. ber 2(nfang ber 
 2Cuffyebung ber Ortes®emeinen, ba$ mctyr erroadjte 2>ejrreben nad) 
 ftfydtigfeit im eigenen Sanbe u. f. vo. t aber nod) nicbt tyinldnglid) ent* 
 wi&ell, urn fd)'on bamale bnrcbgreifenbe SSeranberurtgen ber QSerfaf* 
 fung notl)mtnbig erfd)einen §u laffen. 2(ttdj fann nid)t geldugner tver* 
 ben, baf 3 raiemoi auf ber einen £eite ber allgemeine £t;nobus uon 
 1848 bie SS.erantaffung war, in rielen @emutl)ern ben $Bunfd) mit 
 unferen (i'uropdifd)en sBrubern mogltcfyft innig rerbuuben ju bleiben 
 aufj> mm 5U beleben unb ju ftarfen, auf ber anbern eeite bed) ami) 
 biefer ^i;nobue> unb beffen iHefultate eft unwibcrfpred)lid) aufS neue 
 flar ^u mad)en fd)ienen, bajj ber@ang ber Swigniffe unb ber %titd&t\ft in 
 ber neuen k ii3elt ,^u Derfd)ieben ifr t>on bem in ber alten, aB tcifc ein fo 
 inniges Q3anb, ah bet ®elegenl;eit bi<U* €t;nobu§ ale tvirr'lid) nod)er* 
 ijtirenb angenemmen tvurbe, fiir Ik 2Birflid)t'eit yiel iSebeutung 
 l)aben r'onnte. 3)enn nicbt nur i]x ber ©ang ber (Jreigniffe l)ier 
 unb in (Surepa ein fo feljr oerfd)iebener, fonbern bie ©runblagen ber 
 SScrt)dltniffe felbfr,- namentlid) in Q5e§ug auf unfre 33ruber?^ird)e, finb 
 burd)au5 yerfd)ieben. ^pier ifi unfre ^ird)e eine felbftfrdnbige ^ird)e, 
 an 9ved)ten rbllig gleid) mit einer jeben anberen. Cobalb ale wir 
 un^ nicbt ganj auf m\t> felbji etnfd)ranfcn, fonbern anfangen mit ben 
 
144 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 ubrigen 9J?enfd)en urn un§ r)er in geijtticfye ^erufjrung $u fommctt> 
 fommt bicfcs 93erl)dltnif 3 unuermeiblid) $ur eprad)e. $3ir miiffen, 
 wit tit eadjen jefct jJe^cii, ent\t>eber $a\v s aufgeben eine $ird)e ju 
 fein, t>aj; l;eif,t nid)ts anbers fem vuollen ale cine ju tjeroiffen religiofen 
 Sweden, j. 05. DJZiffione? unto (£rjjiel)una>3roecfen $ufammena,etrete* 
 ne ©tfe#fd)aft> ober wir miiffen eine mtrflify ffircfye fein, fclbftffanbtgi- 
 tn 2ofaU93erfydttniffen anafctyanajgf in unferen QSeroegujigen nid)t an 
 Diegeln unb s })rin$ipien gebunben, roekbe eigentlid) berecbnet ftnb fur 
 eine religiofe ©efellfd)aft; roeld)e in ityrem Sanbe nur eine ecclesiola 
 in ecclesia if}. 
 
 £>a$u fommt nod)/ baf$ in Q3e$ug auf unfer ftinan^^Befen feit ber 
 @»nobe r>on 1847 bie 23erl)altniffe fid) gdn$lid) umgeftaltet fyaben* 
 2Son ^eiten ber aflgemetnen ^wnobe t*on 1843 roaren geroiffe ofonw 
 mifd)e ober finan^iede ©runb^rincipien fejtgeftellt rr>orben> roeld)e 
 nacb ber faff einmutt)igen Ueber ( }eugung ber s ]3rotMn ( ^iaU£miobe t>ort 
 1849 auf unfre SBer^ddtfiife nid)t anroenbbar $u fein fd)einen. 
 
 2lu6 alien biefen s £etrad)tungen fotgt nun baft uns unb <£ud) nur bie 
 2£al)l unter jroei Q3orfd)lagen ubrig bleibt ; ndmlidv (S n t to e b e r 
 bei alien Q3efd)luffen ber augefneinen £i;noben fail eine jebe ber allge* 
 meinen Diegeta unfrer SSerfaffuna, unb unfer? firctjlidjen SebenS eine 
 abroeidjenbe unb bie juerfr ausgefprod)ene fafr aufbebenbe Qlaufel l)in* 
 jujufiigen in Q5e$ug auf bie nmerifanifdjen QSerljaltniffe ; ober eine 
 folate (linricfytung $u treffen rote tit in unferen 33efd)luf[en »orgefd)la* 
 gene, roornad) jpir biefe jDiegeln in unferen ^mioben un§ felbfr befrims 
 men. 2(uf biefe $3eife roerben btitt $l;eile, 3br forool als roir, un- 
 fre 9iegetn bejiimmter ausfprecfyen; ben llmftdnben gemaj? unb jur 
 red)ten %tit abdnbernr unb baburd) urn fo frdftigcr unb in ber Xfyat 
 ausfiiljrbar mad)en fbnnen. Unfre ejrecuttoe 2>el)orbe mivl nid)t mebr 
 jroen r>erfd)iebenen 2lutt)crttdtcn yerantmortlid) fein muffen, ein 2Ser* 
 bdlrnif, roeUhe? nid)t nur il)rc 2age unangenetjm madit, fonbern and) 
 ifyre £t;dtigf'eit unyermeiblid) in t-ielen fallen lawmen mujj. 
 
 £)jefer in unferen ^efd)luffen ausgefprocbene ©runbfafe, bafsndmlid) 
 <p. &. & nur unfrer €i;nobe perantwortlid) fein foil, iff eigentlid) 
 aud) ber ipauptgrunb tDarum rpir e£ barauf antragen/ e bafc ber %t>* 
 minijlrator nid)t mel)r ejr?officio tin $Ritc]lieb ber ^>. %. ($. fei. ^r^ 
 al§ ron U* 5(. (5. unmittelbar ernannt^ rourbe beiben ^el)brben per- 
 antroortlid) fein miiffen. O^act) €i;nobat-^erlaf, § 138 yon 1848 
 ftel)t ber U. %. (E. basi 9ved)t $u uber einen fold)en QSorfcblag ber biefu 
 gen Spror-in^iaU£i;nobe fofort eine (£ntfdx'ibuna, §u geben. 2Bir r)a- 
 ben fur ben ^-all ber 3uftimmung ber U. 5(. £. ^u biefem 5Sorfd)lag 
 in unfrer Ct)nobe ein britte^ 93iitglieb gerodl)lt> roe(d)e§ alsbann an 
 tit eteffe be^ ^(bminiftrator§ ctntreten rourbe. £ie ®at)t ift rtuf 
 unfern 33r. @oepp mit entfd)iebener ^timmens^ebrbeit unb bd ttt 
 erfren 5(bfrimmung gefallen, unb l;at tit Q$efrdticiunc'i unfer§ litbtn 
 fyvxn burd) bae 2oo5 erl;alten ; fo baf^ rcenn U. %. \. unfern ;23or* 
 fd)lag in ^ug auf biefe QSerdnberung ber Crganifation ber ^). 5i. S. 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 145 
 
 fofort genefymigen fotlte, roelcbee unfern ^fBunfd)en gemdj; fein roiirbe, 
 bod) in ben s ))erfonen fur je|t nad) menfcr/Iicfyer 2Uisftd)t feine QBerdn* 
 berung eintreten roiirbe, 
 
 Unfere ubrjgen $orfd)ldge finb r<cn ber 2(rt> bafc fie einer aflgcmet* 
 nen eunobe Dorgelegt roerben miiffen. $)iefe QSorfcbldge finb roid)tig 
 unb eingreifenb, uno \x>ert>cn barum einer reijftd)en Srrodgung bebur* 
 fen; allein fie erfd)einen une roenigftenS aud) fel)r bringenb. Sine 
 langere ®er$ogertmg in bem 2tnpaffen unfrer leitenben ©run bfd fee $u 
 ben ueranberten Umirdnben unb tdglicb fortfdjreitenben ©ang ber £r* 
 eigniffe, fann nacb unfrer feinting nur nad)tl)eilig fein, bal)er bitten 
 roir mit aller fd)ulbigen 2lcbtung f aber in bem pollen QSeroufjtfein ber 
 2>ringlic!)feit ber <cad)t f bit lieben Q3ruber ber It. 2C. (E. biefe 2(ngele- 
 genl;etten in balbige ernfflid)e Ueberlegung ^u nefymen/ unb ee barauf 
 an^utragen, baj; ein allgemeiner ^»jnobu§ ber Q?ruberj.£ird)e roentgs 
 jrene nicbt fpdter ale im %i\)t 1858 jufammen berufen roerbe. 
 
 2Bir tjegen nicbt ben minbejren Sroeifel baf, fo lange ale une biffeite 
 unb jenfeite bee Gaffers Sin $Bruber*®eijr belebt, roir mit ber £iilfe 
 bee Xperrn aud) bi$ $u einem geroifjen ©rab in dujjerlidjer $erbinbung 
 bleiben f'ennen, rodl)renb r roenn biefer innerjre ©eift bei une ein roirfs 
 ltd) uerfcbiebener fern follte, a lie menfd)lid)en 18erfud)e ein duf,erlid)ee 
 iBanb aufred)t ju fyatten, nicbt nur t>ergeblid> fonbern 28erberben brtn* 
 genb fein roiirben, 
 
 Se roar 2lbrat)am, roekber bem got yorfcblug, baf, fie tl;re £eerben 
 t>on einanber fd)ieben, benn fie roaren §u grefj roorben. eie fcbies 
 ben ale ©ebruber, unb eben barum roeil fie ©ebruber roaren, unb ale 
 foUbe in ftreunbfcbaft bleiben roollten. 5£ir Ijegen nidit ben QBunfcb, 
 bafc unfere ireerben ficb garij trennen mogen : fonbern nur fo roeit ale 
 notfyroenbig ifl> bamit btitt gebeil)en in ibrer 2lrt unb auf ifyrem £an- 
 be. 5Bir roiinfiben felbfr gemeinfcbaftlicb tt)dtig «ju fern fo roeit ee 
 mogtid) ijr, j. 03. in unferm fcfronen 9$ifjioneV!H>erie : voir rounfdKn 
 bafc il)r une bti unfern ennoben befudjet, fo roie roir bie Surigen be* 
 fud)en mod)ten : roir boffen, burcb bie @nabe ©ottee^ auf Sinem 
 @runb ber 2et)re f bee ©laubene unb ber Xpojfnung in bleiben^ beffen 
 Sdtl-ein ifr Sefu§ ^()ri|Tue ber ©efreujigtel roir l)offen r baf, aud) nod) 
 lange ein Q^ruber ober eine ectroefter roeldbe ocn une ,^u eucb ober t?on 
 eucb ,^u une fommen, nicfyt nur ale Q^ruber unb ale vScbroeftern in 
 oclle ©emeinfdiaft roerben aufgenommen roerben, fonbern aud)/ bajs 
 fie fid)f ,^umal roae bie ftorm unfrer t)errtid)en ©ottesbienjre 6«trifft> 
 fo oiel ale nur bei unt>ermeiblicbem llnterfcbieb ber ^pracbe unb allge- 
 memen i'anbeefitte immer moglid) iit fofortf ber (Juropder in 2Cmeri? 
 fa unb ber ^Xmerifaner in (Juropa, ^eimat^lic^ fublen mogen ! 
 
 <&cblief 3 lid) empfel)len roir une Surer sdterlidben unt bruberlid)en 
 5*urbitte r-or unferm lieben Xperrn. 
 
 £>er in $ietl)lebem Derfammelte ^rotM'n^al-*S«nobue bee norblid)en 
 ^Se,vrfe ber Q3riiber^ird)e in ben 9Ser. €taaten con 2(merira unb in 
 beffen D^amen unb 5(uftrag. 
 19 
 
146 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 TO THE BRETHREN OF THE UNITY'S ELDERS' CONFER- 
 ENCE IN BERTHELSDORF. 
 
 Dear Brethren : 
 
 The Synod of the northern section of our Brethren's Church in the United 
 States, in Convention met on the second day of May in this year, hereby 
 submits a series of important resolutions, with the earnest request, that the 
 same may be seriously weighed as in the presence of the Lord, and that 
 with the least possible delay such measures be taken, as their importance 
 and the Constitution of our Brethren's Church require. 
 
 The resolutions involve important changes in the existing constitution of 
 our Province, and which, if carried into effcet, would necessarily be attend- 
 ed with essential changes in the relationships of our province to the Breth- 
 ren's Unity in general. They are, moreover, of such a character, that while 
 they must be regarded as resolutions adopted by the Synod here, they must 
 nevertheless, as respects the Brethren's Unity at large, be viewed merely as 
 propositions to be submitted to the U. E. C. and eventually to a General 
 Synod. 
 
 § 158 of the Synodal results of 1848 contains such directions as may 
 render it doubtful, whether the Synod convened here at the present time is 
 authorized to make propositions that go so far. That we believed ourselves 
 thus authorized is however shown by tbe result; our arguments were as 
 follows : Said section makes it the duty of the Provincial Synod to take into 
 thorough consideration the spiritual and temporal condition of our province. 
 This is impossible, without entering upon the consideration of propositions 
 similar to those now submitted to you. If this was really prohibited by the 
 last sentence of the said directions, then the fulfillment of the obligation set 
 forth in the former part of the same would be impracticable. This cannot 
 have been the design of the General Synod, which necessarily regards a 
 thorough investigation of all the relationships of our province as all-import- 
 ant. These considerations induced us to entertain the propositions present- 
 ed, and to give them the force of adopted resolutions as respects ourselves, 
 in order to submit them to you as such. 
 
 Passing on to the explanation of these resolutions, we desire first to invite 
 attention to this circumstance, that some propositions are of direct change, 
 while others are only general in character, asking the transfer to our Pro- 
 vincial Synod of the authority, hereafter to make such changes in the con- 
 stitution of our province, as may be deemed proper. 
 
 The reason for asking this is, that, inasmuch as the entire course of events 
 in our country is very rapidly progressive, we do not think it advisable to 
 establish fixed regulations beyond the demand of unavoidable necessity. 
 
 In making this remark, we have at the same time touched upon one of 
 the principal motives for our entire action in constitutional matter. During 
 the past eight years, since our preparatory Synod of 1847, the interior and 
 exterior relationships in our Church in this country have undergone great 
 changes. The germs of these changes then already existed; for instance, 
 one so called place-congregation had ceased to exist, a more strongly elicited 
 desire for home-mission labor manifested itself. But these germs were not 
 sufficiently developed to call for radical changes in the constitution. 
 
 And it cannot be denied, that, although on the one hand, the General 
 Synod of 1848 was the occasion of enlivening and strengthening the desire 
 in m any minds to continue most intimately connected with our European 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 147 
 
 Brethren, nevertheless, on the other hand, that same Synod and its results 
 have unquestionably again shown clearly, that the course of events in the 
 new world varies too much from that of the old, to permit so close a union, 
 as was supposed by that Synod to exist, to be a true expression of the 
 reality. For not only is the course of events here very different from that 
 in Europe, but even the groundwork of the relationships, in respect to our 
 Brethren's Church, is very different. Here our church is a self-dependent 
 church, having full, equal rights with every other. As soon as, ceasing to 
 confine ourselves within the narrowly circumscribed limits, we come into 
 spiritual contact with mankind about us, this relationship unavoidably pre- 
 sents itself. We must, under existing circumstances, either cease to be a 
 church, i. e., not desire to be anything more than an association united for 
 certain religious purposes, such as missionary or educational purposes ; or, 
 we must be a church in reality, self-dependent, in local matters independent, 
 untrammeled in our movements by rules and principles, calculated for a relig* 
 ious society that is only an ecclesiola in ecclesia ; and to this is to be added 
 that in reference to our financial affairs, things have, since the Synod of 
 
 1847, undergone an entire change. On the part of the General Synod of 
 
 1848, certain economical or financial principles were established, which, ac- 
 cording to the almost unanimous conviction of the Provincial Synod of 1849 
 were inapplicable to our circumstances. From all these considerations, it 
 follows, that there remains to us and you, the choice of two propositions 
 only, viz : either to append to all resolutions of the Synods, in reference to 
 the general rules of our association and of our church, a clause, which, as re- 
 spects American affairs, shall embrace a departure from or almost nullifica- 
 tion of the sentiments first expressed ; or, to make an arrangement like 
 that proposed in our propositions, by which we may determine such laws for 
 ourselves. 
 
 In this wise both parties, you as well as we, will be able to make our 
 laws more definite ; alter them according to circumstances and in proper 
 season, and thereby render them more effective and really practicable. 
 
 Our Executive Board will no longer be held responsible to two different 
 authorities, a relationship, which not only renders their position unpleasant, 
 but must unavoidably, in many cases, paralyze their energy. 
 
 The principle set forth in our resolutions, that the P. E. C. shall be held 
 responsible to our Synod only, is, in reality, the chief reason why we claim, 
 that the Administator shall no longer be ex-officio a member of the P. E. C. 
 For inasmuch as he is oppointed directly by the U. E. C, he is necessarily 
 responsible to both authorities. According to § 138 of the Synodal results 
 of 1848 the U. E. C. has the power forthwith to pass upon such a proposi- 
 tion on the part of this Provincial Synod. 
 
 We have elected a third member in our Synod, who would enter in place 
 of the Administrator, in case the U. E. C. assents to our proposition. The 
 choice fell upon our brother Goepp, with a decided majority and upon the 
 first ballot, and received the confirmation of the Lord by means of the lot, so 
 that,should the U. E. C. forthwith assent to our proposition of a change in 
 the organization of our P. E. C. in accordance with our wishes, no change 
 would ensue as respects persons, at least not for the present. 
 
 The remainder of our propositions are of such a character as to require 
 them to be submitted to a General Synod. They are weighty and farreach- 
 ing, and will therefore require grave consideration ; but at least they appear 
 to us to be very pressing. A protracted delay in accomodating our leading 
 principles to the change of circumstances and daily progress of events, can, 
 
148 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 in our opinion, only be injurious; hence, with all due respect, but with full 
 consciousness of the urgency of the case, we entreat the beloved Breth- 
 ren of the U. E. C. to take these matters into early and serious consideration, 
 and to take measures to convene a General Synod of the Brethren's Church 
 ho later than the year 1858. 
 
 We entertain not the least doubt, that so long as one spirit of brotherhood 
 animates us on both sides of the ocean, we may to a certain extent continue 
 to maintain an external connection, whereas, should this spirit become es- 
 sentially different, all human attempts to maintain an external tie would 
 not only prove fruitless, but be productive of pernicious effects. 
 
 It was Abraham who proposed to Lot, that they should part their herds, 
 because they had become too numerous. They parted as brethren, because 
 they were brethren, and as such desired to continue on friendly terms. We 
 do not entertain the wish that our flocks should become entirely separated ; 
 but only so far as is necessary, to enable both to prosper after their own 
 manner and on their own soil. We desire even to be conjointly active as 
 far as may be possible, f. i., in our noble mission-work. We desire that you 
 may be present with us at our Synods, as we desire to be present at yours ; 
 we hope, by the grace of God, to rest upon the same foundation of doctrine 
 of faith and hope, whose cornerstone is Jesus Christ, the crucified I we hope 
 that for a long time to come, a brother or a sister, who may pass from us to 
 you, or from you to us, may not only be received as a brother and sister 
 in full communion, but also, that the European in America and the Amer- 
 ican in Europe, as respects the form of our beautiful church services, as far as 
 may be possible under the unavoidable circumstances of the difference of lan- 
 guage and general customs of the country, they may feel themselves at 
 home. 
 
 Finally, we commend ourselves to your fatherly and brotherly intercession 
 before the Lord. 
 
 The Provincial Synod of the Northern Section of the United Brethren's 
 Church, in the United States of North America, in session at Bethlehem, 
 and in their name and by their order. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the English translation be read. 
 
 After some conversation it was agreed to dispense with the reading of 
 the same. 
 
 Br. Shultz prefaced his remarks on the following resolution, by stating 
 his dissent from the memorial : 
 
 "Resolved, to insert after the word " 23ant>" (in the memorial) the words : 
 " namcntltct) in 23c$ug auf £o£at*33crl)a(tmflfe." 
 
 On which question Br. Shultz called the yeas and nays, which resulted 
 as follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Eberman, (Naz.) Kampmann, Lennert, Masslich, 
 Oehler, Shultz, Weinland, Wolle, (Dover.)— 8. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Bigler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blickensder^ 
 fer, (Sharon) Blickensderfer, (Gnadenhuetten) Goepp, Hagen, Harvey, Hoi 
 land, Knauss, Peisert, Perkin, Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, (Stat. Isd.) Rice 
 Schweinitz, Troeger, Weiss. — 18. 
 
 The amendment was accordingly lost. 
 
 Br. Shultz offered the following resolution : 
 
JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 149 
 
 " Resolved, to strike out all (in the Memorial) beginning with the words : 
 " (£$ wax voir rounfcfycn fclbft," and insert the following: 
 
 " 2Btr frcjwccfcn nidjf c$ attf cine gew aft fame $00rctgung ten frcr 
 &rtfccr«Umtat a [ g folder anjutragen ; im ©cgcnttycil tvunfdjcn xo'xt 
 g c in c i n (dj aft r i ct> n. f. to." v. Memorial. 
 
 Br. "Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to divide the question. Agreed to. 
 
 The question having been taken on striking out, in was lost. 
 
 Br. Holland moved that the report be adopted by general consent. 
 
 Br. Shultz called the yeas and nays on striking out, which resulted as 
 follows : 
 
 Yeas. — The brethren Blickensderfer, (Sharon) Eberman, (Naz.) Harvey, 
 Kampmann, Kummer, Lennert, Masslich, Oehler, Shultz, Wolle, (Dover) 
 Wolle, (Bethl.)— 11. 
 
 Nays. — The brethren Bigler, Bleck, Blickensderfer, (Dover) Blickensder- 
 fer, (Gnadenhuetten) Goepp, Hagen, Holland, Knauss, Peisert, Perkin, 
 Reinke, (Litiz) Reinke, (Stat. Ild.) Rice, Schweinitz, Troeger, Weinland, 
 Weiss. — 17. 
 
 Br. Holland resumed his motion of adoption, which was agreed to. 
 
 Br. Bleck moved that the Memorial be signed by the President and attest- 
 ed by the Secretary. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the English translation of the memorial to the U. 
 E. C. be revised by the members of the committee who draft- 
 ed the original, that this revised translation be entered on 
 the journal. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved to amend by adding, " as well as the 
 original." Accepted. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion the Synod took a recess of ten minutes. 
 
 On resuming business, the " Special Committee of five on Home-Missions" 
 reported as follows, through Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) : 
 
 Special Committee of five on Home Missions. 
 
 The select committee to whom was referred the entire matter cf 
 Home Missions, report the following resolutions for the adoption 
 of the Synod. 
 
 "Resolved, 1. That there be organized a "Home Mission Board " 
 to whom shall be entrusted the entire management of Home- 
 Missions, including the appointment of the Home-Missionar- 
 ies and the expenditure of all funds appropriated in aid 
 of the Home-Mission cause by the Church or contributed 
 by societies or individuals. 
 
150 JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 2. That the " Home Mission Board " shall consist of the existing 
 
 members of the Provincial Elders' Conference and eight other 
 persons to be elected by each Synod, not less than three of 
 wh:<m shall be residents of Bethlehem. Said Board shall 
 have power to fill vacancies in its own body. 
 
 3. That the "Home Mission Board" may organize in any manner 
 
 it may deem proper by appointing such officers or agents, 
 and adopting such rules and regulations for its own gov- 
 ernment, as well as for the government of the Missionaries 
 as it may deem expedient. 
 
 4. That the " Home Mission Board" be authorized and required 
 
 to appoint a Home Missionary for any society which shall 
 provide to the satisfaction of said board the necessary means 
 for the support of such Home Missionary. 
 
 5. Any number of persons may, with the written consent of the 
 
 " Home Mission Board," and under such rules and regula- 
 tions as said Board shall prescribe, organize themselves into 
 a "Moravian Home Missionary Congregation" the members 
 of which shall be considered members of the Brethren's 
 Church. 
 
 6. That when a " Home Missionary Congregation" shall possess 
 
 a sufficient church edifice free from debt, and can in the 
 opinion of the Home Mission Board, adequately support a 
 minister and church establishment, such congregation shall 
 be received along with its pastor (provided he shall have 
 served not less than six years) into the general body of the 
 church, form part and parcel thereof and enjoy all the 
 privileges and immunities provided for and enjoyed by oth- 
 er and older congregations and ministers according to the 
 constitution of the Church. 
 
 J. BLICKENSDERFER, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved that the report be received and its resolutions be taken 
 Up for consideration seriatim. Agreed to. 
 
 The first resolution was adopted. 
 
 The second resolution being under consideration, Br. Blickensderfer 
 (Sharon) moved to amend by inserting " not less than" before three, which 
 was agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Hagen, the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The third, fourth and fifth resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The sixth and last resolution being under consideration, Br. Bigler, 
 moved to fill the blank with the figure 6, Br. Clauder, with the figure 10 
 and Br. Bleck with the figure 5. 
 
 The question having been taken on the figure 10, it was lost. 
 
/ 
 
 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 151 
 
 The question having been taken on the figure 6, it was carried. 
 
 After considerable discussion, the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Br. Bigler, the whole report as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) offered the following resolution: 
 
 " Resolved, that nothing contained in any of the resolutions which 
 have been adopted on the subject of Home-missions, shall be 
 so construed as to prevent the appropriation of $500 per an- 
 num, in aid of Home-missions, out of the income of the Sus- 
 tentation-fund." 
 
 On motion of Br. Bleck, the resolution was adopted. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that the Synod go into election of the eight members of 
 the Home-Mission board, this afternoon, immediately after the opening of the 
 session. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach offered the following resolution ■ 
 
 " Resolved, that the next Synod of the Northern Province of the Brethren's 
 Church, be held at Litiz, Pa." 
 
 On motion, the resolution was laid on the table. 
 
 Br. Clauder moved to take up the petition from the Enon congregation. 
 Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, it was referred to the P. E. C. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved that a committee of three be appointed to superintend the 
 printing of the Journal. Agreed to. 
 
 The brethren Jacobson, Bleck and the Secretary were appointed said com- 
 mittee. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Sharon) moved that the Synod adjourn until to-mor- 
 row forenoon sine die. Agreed to. 
 
 On motion Synod adjourned after singing : 
 
 "25ic £trd)c £hriftt tic cr gcwctbt," jc. 
 
 THIRTIETH SESSION. 
 
 2 p. m. — 38 members present. 
 
 Sung : " His goodness and his mercies all," &c. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Bahnson. 
 
 Synod went into the election of the eight members of the " Home Mis- 
 sion Board." 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved that nominations be made. Lost. 
 
 The President appointed the brethren Bleck and Tschudy tellers of the 
 election. 
 
 Synod proceeded to ballot. On counting the votes it appeared that twen- 
 ty-seven votes had been cast, of which 
 
152 JOURNAL OP THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 
 
 Br. Seidel received 22 Br. Holland received 17 
 
 Br. Wolle (Beth.) " 18 Br. Bigler " 15 
 
 Br. Francis Wolle 14 
 
 These brethren having a majority of all the votes, were declared to be du- 
 ly elected. After some conversation, the brethren Shultz, Clark and Fred. 
 Wilhelm of Philadelphia, were declared members without opposition. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) offered the following resolution: 
 
 "Resolved, that the Secretary of this Synod be allowed the sum of dol- 
 lars ior his services to be paid out of the Sustentation-Fund, in case the 
 contributions towards defraying the expenses of the Synod, should prove 
 insufficient." 
 
 Br. Luckeubach moved to fill the blank with the figure 40, Br. Schweinitz, 
 with the figure 50. Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethlehem) called up the last clause of resolution four, part 
 first of Report of- " Committee on Education," — and that steps be taken to 
 have the same incorporated by act of Legislature, as soon as possible. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend by striking out " by Act of Legislature." 
 Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Goep offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the P, E. C. be instructed to make a draft of an act of in- 
 corporation, which shall be laid before the next " Provincial Synod," 
 (but that the P. E. C. shall nevertheless be authorized to take definite 
 action in the matter in case of urgent necessity.) 
 
 Br. Luckenbach moved to amend by striking out the last clause "but that 
 the P. E. C." etc. Accepted, and the resolution as amended, was adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethl.) offered the following resolutions: 
 
 " Resolved, that a committee, consisting of five members, be ap- 
 pointed by the Synod, whose duty it shall be to seek to pro- 
 cure funds for the advancement of the College." 
 
 " Resolved, that a committee of three be appointed to establish 
 rules for the government of the College. Adopted. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that the P. E. C. be, and are hereby requested to give 
 a name to said College, and that they are further requested in 
 naming it, to pay due attention to the Will of the late God- 
 frey Haga, and if necessary to procure legal advice, so th'at 
 the legacy left by the same, be not prejudiced, but may be left 
 to be enjoyed by said College, or by a class of Preparands in 
 the same." Adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethlehem) moved that the delegates of the different congre- 
 gations proceed to nominate members for the Committee of five on College 
 funds. — Agreed to. 
 
 The Bethlehem delegation nominated Br. S. Wolle. 
 
Journal of tfie provincial syno&. 151 
 
 The ministers of New York, Brooklyn and Staten Island nominated Br. 
 Clarke. 
 
 The Philadelphia delegation nominated Br. Alexander B. Renshaw. 
 
 Br. Clauder, in behalf of the western congregations, nominated Br. Blick- 
 ensderfer. (Sharon.) 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer (Dover) moved to strike out the name of the brother for 
 the West, and insert Br. Tschudy, for Litiz, Lancaster and York. — Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Hagen moved to nominate Br. Emil Schweinitz for Salem. — Agreed to. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, these live brethren were appointed said commit- 
 tee by acclamation. 
 
 Synod proceeded to elect the committee of three on rules " for the College." 
 The brethren S. Wolle, Bleck and Schweinitz were nominated. 
 
 On motion of Br.Hagen, these three brethren were appointed by acclamation. 
 
 Br. Luckenbach's motion made in the morning session wan taken up, but 
 was lost. 
 
 Br. Blickensderfer, (Sharon) offered the following resolution : 
 
 u Resolved, that the next Provincial Synod meet at Bethlehem un 
 the first Wednesday of May, A. D. 1858, unless the P. E. 
 C. should convene the same. at an earlier day, which they 
 are hereby empowered to do, if in their opinion circum- 
 stances should require it. 
 
 Br. Schweinitz moved to amend by striking out May and inserting Juno. 
 
 Br. Bigler moved to amend the amendment by substituting the third Wed- 
 nesday in May. 
 
 The question having been taken on Br. Bigler's amendment, it was lost. 
 
 The " •' " " " Br. Schweinitz's " " " " 
 
 The " " " " original motion, it was carried. 
 
 On motion of Br. Goepp, the report of the " Committee on Foreign Mis- 
 sions" was taken up for consideration, when after some discussion, it was, 
 on motion of Br. Luckenbach, referred to the P. E. C. 
 
 Br. Bahnson, in behalf of the P. H. C. of Wachovia, proposed that the 
 Illinois Mission Field be transferred to the jurisdiction of the Northern 
 province. 
 
 Br. Hagen moved that this proposition of transferring be referred to th« 
 Home Mission Board. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethlehem) moved that our home missionaries be invited to 
 attend our next Provincial Synod as advisory members. 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend " that the P. E. C. be authorized to invite the 
 Home Missionaries as advisory members, if they see fit." Accepted, and 
 the resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Wolle (Bethlehem) offered the following resolution : 
 " Resolved, that the P. E. C. cause to be published in the Miscellany a state- 
 ment of the Synodal fund, and an account of the cost of holding the 
 present Provincial Synod. 
 ' 20 
 
154 .lOURXAL OF THE 3'ROVTNCIAL SYXOt). 
 
 Er. Bleck offered the following amendment : 
 
 "Resolved, that the P. E. C. cause to be printed and distributed among the 
 several congregations, a detailed statement of the receipts and expendi- 
 tures of the present Provincial Synod. 
 
 The question having been taken on the amendment, it was agreed to, and 
 the resolution as amended, was adopted. 
 
 Br. Goepp offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that our Boarding Schools at Bethlehem and Litiz contribute 
 each '$'100 towards the defraying of the expenses of the present Pro- 
 vincial Synod. Lost. 
 
 Br. Oehler's resolution, laid on the table in the eighth session was taken 
 lip, and on motion of Br. Schvveinitz it was postponed indefinitely. 
 
 On leave Br. Bjgler arose, and after a few remarks in reference to the ap- 
 proaching close of the present Synod offered the following resolution : 
 
 "Resolved, that the thanks of the Synod are due, and that they 
 be hereby unanimously tendered to the members of the 
 congregation at Bethlehem, for the kind and generous hos- 
 pitality extended to them during their protracted sojourn 
 among them. Adopted. 
 
 Br. Weiss, for the Bethlehem delegation, replied, and on motion Synod 
 adjourned, after singing 
 
 4< Oh ! Lord lift up thy countenance," &c. 
 
 THIRTY-FIRST SESSION. 
 
 Wednesday, May 23d, 8 A. M. — 42 members present. 
 
 Sung : " Grace and peace from God, our blessed Saviour." &o. 
 
 Prayer by Br. Schweinitz. 
 
 Texts of the day read. Minutes of yesterday's session read, amended and 
 approved. 
 
 3r. Shultz offered the following resolution : 
 
 ' ' Resolved, that the President of this Provincial Synod, be re- 
 quested in the name of the same, to respond to the broth- 
 erly salutation, addressed by the !\ E. C. to tliifc Syn^l." 
 Adopted- 
 
 Br. Bahnson expressedTiis gratification in having been present at the do- 
 liberations of this Synod, and entertained the hope that a brother from the 
 JVurthern Province wouhi be delegated to attend the nex;t Provincial Synod 
 of Wachovia, when Biv Goepp moved, that Synod appoint a delegate for thi- 
 ne xt Provincial Synod of said Province. 
 
 Br. Tsehudy, moved to amend as follows: 
 
 **■ That t Synod dircct"P. E. C. to appoint a delegate for the next Provincial 
 Svnod of Wachovia, which delegate shall have been a member of tKis Synod." 
 
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL SYNOD. 155 
 
 The amendment was accepted, and the motion as amended was agreed to. 
 
 Br. Bleck offered the following resolution: 
 
 " Resolved, that copies of the Journal of the Synod be printed in pamph- 
 let form for distribution, and that the P. E. C. be authorized to collect 
 and publish in convenient pamphlet form, separate from the Journal not 
 less than copies of the resolutions of the present Synod, properly ar- 
 ranged under different heads." 
 
 Br. Goepp moved to amend, by inserting " not less than" before the word 
 " copies." Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensdcrfer, (Sharon) moved to fill the first blank with three hun- 
 dred. Agreed to. 
 
 Br. Blickensdcrfer, (Sharon) moved to fill the second blank with five hun- 
 dred. Agreed to. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 Br. Shultz offered the following resolution : 
 
 " Resolved, that the P. E. C. be requested to cause to be ordained Presbyters . 
 all such brethren, as have been engaged in the ministry of our branch 
 of the church for ten years or upwards." 
 
 Br. Hagen moved to amend, by striking out ten and insert six. Accepted. 
 
 The resolution as amended was adopted. 
 
 The deliberations of the Synod having terminated, the President arose and 
 addressed the members in some pertinent remarks — reviewing the proceed- 
 ings of its sessions and pointing more especially to the important change in 
 the government of the American Church therein proposed. 
 
 A fervent prayer was then offered to the Throne of Grace by Br. Peter 
 Wolle, after which the voices of the brethren united for the last time in 
 singing, while their hearts responded in unison to the sentiments of the fol- 
 lowing hymns : 
 
 "Let not your hearts be faint," &c. 
 
 " x)l cr fclcib tins cingefcruett," tu f. ». 
 
 " We who here together are assembled," &c. 
 
 During the singing of the last verse, the hand of fellowship was extended. 
 
 Br. Jacobson pronounced [Jthe apostolic benediction, and the Provincial 
 Synod of 1855, of the Northern Province of the United Brethren's Church 
 in North America, adjourned sine die. 
 
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