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 parties? ^f/^c/Zt^'fisftfa j/i 
 
JUDGEMENT 
 
 Of the Late 
 
 <*J c t{CH~<BISHO i P J ' 
 
 O F 
 
 A R M A G Q 
 
 And 
 
 Primate of Ireland* 
 
 i , Of the Extent ofCbrifts death, and [atUfatti- 
 
 .. Of the Sabbath and obferVafton of the Lords 
 
 day. 
 . Of the Ordination in other reformed Qburcbes. 
 
 W«h a Vindication of him from a prerended change 
 of Opinion in che firfi: ; Some Advertisements upon 
 the latter; And,in prevention of fur&er inju- 
 ries? A Declaration of his judgement in 
 feveral other fubje&s, 
 — j^Z — ' ** — - — 
 
 By N. Bernard, D. D. and Preacher to the Honourable Society of 
 Grayes-lnne, London. 
 
 Gather up the fragments that remain, that nothing be hft, Joh.6. i ^< 
 
 London, Printed for John Crooks , at the Ship in 
 Sr ■Pauls Church-yard. \6%1. 
 
^ "f» ^ "£» ^ ■$? "5^ ^ ■$» <^» •$» "^ 
 
 TO THE 
 
 READER. 
 
 H £ /r/ Trea- 
 ts fe, containing the 
 fudgement of the 
 mod eminent Pri- 
 
 J 
 
 mate cf Ireland, concern- 
 ing the True ; Intent and 
 Extent of Chriits death, 
 and fatisfacl:ion upon the 
 Croffe, was Written by him> 
 <iA 3 at 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 at the requefl of a Friend, 
 a little before the Synod 
 of Dort : a Qopy of which 
 being taken, was (unknown 
 to himj carried thither by 
 a Member of it: upon the^> 
 multiplying of ti&erru , ex- 
 ceptions were takgn bydi- 
 TMrt , and by one ^Pen con* 
 traUed into a Letter to 
 him ; which the fecond 
 Treatife is an anfwer unto: 
 both thife I had from him fa 
 hut z8. years agone , and 
 now upon the defire of fmh, 
 whefe fudge ments I luhfcribe 
 unto , and the prevention of 
 
 other 
 
j otnejxeaaer. 
 
 other miftafyn Copies, 
 which pofsibly might be pro* 
 duced, I baye been bajlened 
 to the printing of them . That 
 which hath given the occa* 
 Jwn y is the miHafy lately pu* 
 blifhedofthe change of his 
 Judgement in it, a little 
 before his death : *But by 
 the view ofthefe> I believe^, 
 the Author mil receive fa* 
 tufaBion. In the vindication 
 of which two Letters,^ 
 ing defired from me long a* 
 gone , (" which have~j been 
 hitherto deferred the^* pub* 
 licf^) I have been imports 
 A 4 ned 
 
I o the iveader. 
 
 ned to permit them to be an* 
 nexed. 
 
 Unto which Lflull here~> 
 adde but this , that not onely 
 in the jorenamedfubjeBsybut 
 in the reft relating to the Re- 
 in on fir ants, the Primate 
 concurredmth B i fh o p Da- 
 venant , Vehofe LeUures De 
 S^ w ^1norte Ghrifti , &<ds&*Q~ 
 ne & reprbbatione , he 
 caufed to be publi/h't , onely 
 that little r reatife added in 
 the cone In/ion of it, entituled 
 SententiaEcclefia? Angli- 
 cans de pra* Jeflinatione 6c 
 capitibusannexis, &c. ta- 
 
 {en 
 
J o the Reader. 
 
 ken to foBifti, Davenants, 
 and imp bed jo by t he Tr inter 
 (ab eodem,uti fertur, Au- 
 tbore , which cofsibly hath 
 occajtoned the apprehenjion 
 of a change in him alfo) I 
 have been affured by a 'Per- 
 Jon of Em'nency , (who af- 
 firms it out of his owne fyiow- 
 ledge) that it was *BiJhop 
 Overals. 
 
 <*And now upon this oc- 
 cafion I have thought fit to 
 publijh a Learned Letter of 
 the Primates wrote many 
 yeares agone to Dr. Twifle, 
 concerning the Sabbath , 
 
 and 
 
lotneiveaaer. 
 
 and Obfervation of the 
 Lords day ? - having two Co* 
 pies corrected throughout with 
 bis owne hand , with parts 
 of two other Letters of the 
 fame matter, which 1 had to* 
 getherwitb the firmer : as aU 
 fo his judgement in dfaers o- 
 iber luhjccts , both in Do- 
 ctrine and Difciplioe , with 
 fome AaVertifements for the 
 clearing and preventing of 
 an? further mifapprehenfu 
 ens. 
 
 Unto which is added his 
 Reduction of Epifcopacy 
 to the form of Synodical 
 
 Govern- 
 
To the Reader 
 
 Government ,&c. before 
 fublified, And at the requefi 
 of the Printer , a dijlinBion 
 of tbofe 'Booties which are 
 owned by the^rimate , from 
 fucbasarenot. 
 
 If the Readers Opinion 
 /halldifknt in any of the a~ 
 bove*-n4med y or fwell into an 
 oppofition, let him not expeB 
 any defenflve Armes to be 
 takfn up by me , it being my 
 part to declare his judgement 
 as Ifinde it> Which with the 
 moJITious and Learned , I 
 doubt not but will be (as it 
 hath been') of a ^perend 
 
 and 
 
Errata* 
 
 PA^c ii. line to* r. doe* p. 4 j. /, i j. Unlv&fity. p. 47. /. 1 . of > 
 Marg. /*?. Primarios. /.14. Teftmonwm. p. ££ /. 1? particular. 
 ^.73^.14. n*uitiplkity./>.8sJ.Q;ky* /, ix.jfpiujetetttf. j>. 9?. /. ?. 
 & /.*. dele r. /.io. I.XfiM.i? . -m&fifms. 1 16. <r»pL*rm Mho if-, 
 .p. ii}.l}Aorfoc.r.vi%. I. f. ie/e of the obferVation. jhij?. /.16. 
 Bi{hops.r*H l « * £• <kfe 5 after his. p.149. /.I?. Mcdefmnm. /.?. pa- 
 ftoribufA.iZ ftaram* p.ifz.l. i3« for (till ,r. fit. /. 21, for ether 
 r. foms,?. 1 ^-'' 10 * fdelc,j>.i6i./.i. dele,of others,/ l^r.Arch-Bn 
 (hop* p. 3 J.* • tetefummnm>p.7j 7. Marg. r. being. 
 
\ M J 
 
 5&<a&i 
 
 
 The Judgement of the late 
 
 Arch-Bilhop of xArmagb , and 
 Primate of Ireland , */<& #w //»- 
 /Mtf And Extent of Chrifls 
 deatk^nd fatisfatfton up- 
 on the Crojfe. 
 
 Written in Anfwer to the requeft of a 
 Friend, March 5. 161 7. 
 
 The true Intent and Extent of Chrifls 
 Death, and Satisfaction upon the 
 
 J He all-fufficient fatuf acti- 
 on of Chrift , made for 
 the finnes of the whole 
 World. The true intent 
 and extent, is Lubricut locus to be 
 handled, and hath , and doth now 
 much trouble the Church: this que- 
 ilion hath been moved fub tifdem 
 B ternmu 
 
termittis quihm nunc , and hath re- 
 ceived contrary refolunons- the rea- 
 fonis,thatin the wo extremities of 
 opinions held in this ma ter, there 
 is fbmewhat true , and jomewhat 
 falfe. I be one extremity extends che 
 benefic of Chniti fatisfa&ion too 
 far ,as if hereby,God, for his part^ 
 were aBually reconciled to all man- 
 kind ,and did really & (charge every 
 man from all his fins 5 and that the 
 realbn why all men do not reap the 
 fruit of this benefit , is the want 
 of that faith whereby they ought to 
 have believed, that God in this fort 
 did love them : Whence it would 
 follow, that God mould forgive a 
 man his fins,and yifiifie him before 
 he believed whereas the Elc5b them- 
 feivSjbcfore their effectual vocation, 
 arc laid to be -without Cbrift t and with* 
 out hope, and to be utter fir a iger from 
 the Covenants ofPromife,Eph,i . z. 
 
 i. 1 he 
 
of Chritts death y i?c. 
 
 i\ The other extremity contracts 
 the riches of Chrifti fatisfaction in- 
 to too narrow a room; as if none Ifad 
 any kinde of intereft therein / but 
 fuch as were eletlcd before the foun- 
 dation of the World, how/oever by 
 the Gofpel, e^vayonebt charged to 
 receive the fame.-whereby it would 
 follow., that a man mould be bound 
 in confeience to btlUve that which 
 is untrue , and charged to take that 
 whercwidi he hath nothing to do. 
 
 ISoth extremities then , drawing 
 with them unavoidable abfurdities: 
 The Word of God (biharing where-* 
 of, faith is begotten^ Eph. 1. 1 3.) mu't 
 be fought unto by a middle courle \ 
 to avoid thefe extremities. 
 
 For finding out this middle cour[e t 
 we mud, in the matter of our Re- 
 demption , carefully putadiftinction 
 betwixt the fatisfaclion of Chriffc 
 abfolutely confidered, and ihzapflica- 
 B 2. tion 
 
The true Intent, and Extent 
 
 Hon thcreofr to every one in particu- 
 lar : The former was once done for 
 all, The other isftill in doing : The 
 former brings with it fufficiency a- 
 bundant, to difcharge the whole 
 debt • the other addcs to it efficacy \ 
 The fatisfatlion of drift , onely 
 makes the fins of mankinde /f for 
 ■pardon, which without it, could not 
 well be 9 the injury done to Gods 
 majefty being fo great, that it could 
 not ftand with his honour to put it 
 up without amends made. The 
 particular application makes the Tins 
 of thofe to whom that mercy is 
 vouchfafed to be aftually pardoned: 
 for, as all fins are mortal s in regard 
 of the ftipend due thereunto by the 
 Law , but all do not actually bring 
 forth death , becaufe the gracious 
 Promifes of the Gofpel ftayeth the 
 execution : even fo all the finnes of ' 
 mankind, are become venial, in res ' 
 
 foecl 
 
W*f# *\¥+ WUf'^l 
 
 fpe<St of the -price paid by Chrift to 
 his Father ( fo far , that in (hew- 
 ing mercy upon all , if lb it were his 
 pleafure , his juflice fhould bee no 
 lofer,) but all do not obtain actual 
 remiffion , becaufc moft offenders do 
 nottake outywox plead their pa* don 
 as they ought to do, li Chrift had 
 notaflumed our Nature , and there- 
 in made fatisra&ion for the injury 
 offered to the divine Majefty, God 
 would not have come unto a Trea- 
 ty of peace with us, more than with 
 the fallen Angels , whofe nature the 
 Son did not affume : But this way 
 being made , God holds out unto 
 us the golden Scepter of his Word, 
 and thereby ,not onely fignifieth his 
 pleafure of admitting us unto his 
 pretence, and accepting of our fub- 
 miffion , which is a wonderfull 
 Grace , but alfo fends an Embajfage 
 unto us , and entreats us that T»e 
 B } would 
 
wou'.d he reconciled unto him, zCor^. 
 
 20. 
 
 Hence , we infer againft the firfi 
 extremity, that by the vertue of this 
 blefled Oblation, God is made pla* 
 cable unto our nature (which he ne- 
 ver will be unto the Angelical nature 
 offending) but not aftmlly appeafed 
 with any, untill he hath received 
 his fon 5 and put on the Lord lejus. As 
 alfo againft thclatter estremi.y,that 
 all men may be trucly faid to have 
 inters ft in the merits of Chrift, as 
 in a Common \ though all donot en- 
 joy the benefit thereof; becaufe they 
 have now/7 to take it. 
 
 The ivellfprhg of life is fet open 
 unto all (Jpo r >. xz, iy,) WhofoeH>er 
 "frill , let him take of the water of life 
 freely , but many have nothing to 
 drafb Trith , and the Well is deep t Faith 
 is the Vrfel whereby we draw all 
 vertue from Chrift, and the Apoftle 
 
 tells 
 
tells us , That Faith is not of all, 
 (z Tbefi.%.) Now the means of get- 
 ting this Faich is the hearing of the 
 word of truth , the Gofpel of our falva- 
 tion (Fphef l\$*) which minillreth 
 this general ground for every one to 
 build his Fauh upon. 
 
 Sylbgifm, Wh*t Chi ift hath pre* 
 pared for thee , and the Gofpcl offer* 
 tth unco thee j that oughteft thou 
 with all thankfulneile to accept, 
 and apply to the comfort of thy 
 own Soul. 
 
 But Chrift by his death and obe- 
 dience hath provided a fufficienc re- 
 medy for the taking away of all thy 
 fins, and the Golpel offer etb the fame 
 unto thee. 1 here fore thou oughteft 
 to accept, and apply the fame to the 
 comfort of thine own Soul. 
 
 Now this Gofpel of falvation 
 
 many do not hear at all, being de- 
 
 ftitute of the Miniftery of the Word; 
 
 B 4 and 
 
•*■ r^w ri vw\* f-twww t »r vtrr* 
 
 and many hearing do not believe , or 
 lightly regard it % and many that do 
 believe the truth thereof, arefo wed- 
 ded to their fins , that they have no 
 defire to be divorced from them, and 
 therefore they refufe to accept the 
 gratious offer that is made unto 
 them. And yet notwithstanding 
 their refufalon their part, we may 
 redely fay, That good things were 
 provided for themonChrifts part, 
 and a rich price "tocuput into the bands 
 of a VcoU bo"H>foever he bad no heart 
 to life it (Pro v. 17. 1 6.) 
 
 Our bleffed^Tww^by that which 
 he hath performed on hii part,hath 
 procured a Jubilee for the Sons of 
 Adam; and his Gofpelis his Trumpet, 
 whereby he doth proclaim Liberty 
 to the Captives y and preacheth the ac- 
 ceptable year of the Lord (Luke 4. 1 8, 
 19) If for all this fome are {b well 
 pleafed with their Captivity that 
 
 they 
 
of {brijts death , iSrc- 
 
 thcydefirc no deliverance, that de- 
 rogates nothing from the generality 
 of the freedom annexed to that 
 year. If one lay to fin his old Ma- 
 tter, (Levit. 2,5- 14. Exod. n. 5. 
 Dent, 1 5 , z6. > 1 lome thee j andft>tll not 
 go out free , he (hall be £yr<?d for a 
 Have, and frve for et>er. But that 
 flavifh diip^fition of his , maketh 
 the extent of the priviledge of that 
 year not a whit the fir 'Alter \ becaufe 
 hewas included within the general 
 Grant as well as other* -, howfoe- 
 ver, he was not difpofed to take the 
 benefit of it : 11oe Kingdom of Heaven 
 is like to a certain King that made 
 a marriage of his Son, and fent his 
 fervants to thofe that were bid- 
 den to the Wedding with this mek 
 fage ; Behold ,7 have prepared my din- 
 ner • my Oxen , and my failings are kil- 
 led , and all things are ready ^Come to 
 the Marriage ,(verfe 4) If we look 
 
 to 
 
j» r^v *r vv* *irrvrtr rvtrvir . 
 
 to the event. They that were bid- 
 den made light of their entertain- 
 ment , and went their waves; one 
 to his Farm y and another to his 
 3lerehandi^ , ( verfe 5) but that 
 rtegleft of theirs doth not falfefie 
 the word of the King (ver 4.) vfo 
 That the Dinner was prepared, and 
 thefe unworthy Guefts were invi- 
 ted thereunto •, For what, iffomedid 
 not believe Jhall their unbelief difanul 
 the Faith,and truth of God? (Rom . j, 
 3.4.) God for tidy Mi let God be true ; , 
 ist every man a lyar?«uitis'toritten i that 
 thou mayefl be juftifiedin thy jayings , 
 and overcome fbben thou judgett- j Let 
 not tbehoufe o/'Ifraei fay t the way of 
 the Lord is unequal Eor when he co- 
 meth to judge them,thein-cquality 
 will be found on their fide , and not 
 on his. boufe of Ifracl , are not my 
 "ft ayes equals and your .ft> ayes unequal, 
 faith the Lord, (Ezck. 1 8 . 2 9, jo.) The 
 
 Lord 
 
cj LDrtjts aeaw, <&c. h 
 
 Lord is right in aD hii way ?s,and holy 
 in aU bis works. ^Ailthe wayes of our 
 God are mercie and truth ; when we 
 were in our fins it was of infinite 
 mercie that any yoay , or remedy 
 mould be prepared for our reco ve- 
 ry, And when the remedy is pre- 
 pared, we are never the nearer, ex- 
 cept he be pleafed of his fr c mer- 
 cy to apply the fame to us , that io 
 theypholepraife of our Redemption, 
 from the beginning to the end 
 thereof, may intirely be attributed 
 to the riches of his grace, and nothing 
 left to finfull flefh wherein it may 
 rejoyce. 
 
 The freeing of the Jews from the 
 Captivity of 'Babylon was a Type of 
 that great deliverance , which the 
 Son of God hath wrought for us. 
 
 Qrut , King of ferjia 3 who was 
 Cbrifius Domini (and herein but a 
 fhadow of Cbriftus Vominus , the 
 
 Author 
 
Author of our Redemption) pu- 
 blished his Proclamation in this 
 manner; If 'bo is among ft you of aU bis 
 people , the Lord his God be. with him, 
 and let him go up,(i Chr. $6.2,3. and 
 1 c\r* 1) No vy it is true,they alone 
 did follow this i#1iing 5 whofe fpi- 
 rit God had raifed to go up, (Ezra 
 i,y) But could they that remained 
 ftill in Babylon , juftly plead s That 
 the Kings Grant was not large e- 
 nough/or that they were excluded 
 from going up by any claufe con- 
 tained therein ? The matter of our 
 Redemption purchafed by our Sa- 
 viour Chrift lyeth open to all y all 
 are invited to it , none that hath a 
 minde to accept of it, is excluded 
 from it. The beautiful! feet oftbofe 
 that ft each the Gofpel of peace $0 
 bring glad tidings of 'good things to 
 every houfe where they tread* The 
 firft part of their Meflage being this 
 
 peace 
 
Of (Jtrtjis aeaio, vsc. i $ 
 
 peace to this houfe , (Romio-t$: 
 Luke io.s. Luke ij.) But^unlefTeGod 
 be pleafed out of his abundant mer- 
 cy to guide our feet into the way of 
 peace, the Rebellion of our Nature is 
 fuch,that we run head-long to the 
 wapesofdejiruStian and mifeiy, (Rom. 
 3.16) and the wayes of peace do Tve 
 not know. They have not all obeyed 
 theGofpcl3ty»Mo-i6. all are not apt 
 to entertain thislvieffage of peace, 
 and therefore, though Godsjmbaf- 
 fadours make a true tender of it to 
 all unto whom they are lent , yet 
 their peace finely reftech on thefonstf 
 peace, but if it meet withfuch as 
 will not liften to the motion of it, 
 their peace doth again return unto 
 themfehes, (Luke 10, 6.) The fro- 
 clamation of the Gofpel runneth thus: 
 Apoc. 11,17. Let him that u atbirfi 
 come, fot him this Grace is fpccially 
 provided , becaufenone but he will 
 
 take 
 
Lf/^ ¥W Wl/ M.I9WVI*W WIVVU JkJ*VW 
 
 1* 
 
 take the pains to come; Bat leaft 
 we Giould think this fhould abridge 
 the largenefle of the offer, a Qu^cm- 
 qne <vult, is irnmediatly added , and 
 T»ho(oeVer *toiO \let him take of the "Water 
 0/ life freely : yet withall this muft 
 be yielded for a certain truth, that it 
 is God who muft work in us to loiH 
 and to do ,of his good pleafuie% and 
 though the call be never fo loud and 
 large, yet none can come except the 
 father draw him (lobn 6 46.) For the 
 univerfdity of the fatisfaetion dero- 
 gates nothing from the necesfity of 
 the /pedal Grace in the application: 
 neither doth the fpecialty of the one 
 any wayes abridge the generality of 
 the other. Indeed Chrift our Savi- 
 our faith (foh* 17.6.) I pray not/or the 
 world, but for themthattbou haftgi- 
 men me : but the con I equence here- 
 by referred may well be excepted 
 againft, <t?/^« he prayed not for the 
 
 world, 
 
world , Therefore , He payed not for 
 the world ; Becautc the latter is an 
 Act ot his fatisfaftion , the former of 
 his hlercesfion : which being divers 
 parts of his Priefthood are diftin- 
 guifhable one from another,by fun- 
 dry differences. This his fatisfaBion 
 doth properly give contentment to 
 Godsj«/?*V*,in fuchfortas formers 
 ly hath been declared* His Inlercesfu 
 on doth follicil' Gods mercie. The 
 firft contains the preparation of the 
 .remedy neceflary for mans falvati- 
 on j The fecond brings with it an 
 application of the fame*. And confe- 
 quently the one may well appertain 
 to the common nature y which the fon 
 afTumed. | when the other is afpeciai 
 Privilcdge vouchfafed to fuel) parti- 
 cular perfons onely,as the father hath 
 given him. And therefore we may 
 fafely conclude out of all thefe pre- 
 mi Acs , That the Lambe of God offer* 
 
 ing 
 
inghimfelfafacrificefortbe fins of the 
 "whole world , Intended by giving fuf- 
 ficient iatisfactioh to Gods Juftice, 
 to make the nature of man, which 
 he aflumed , a fit fubjecT: for mercy 
 and to prepare a medicine for the 
 fins of the whole world j which 
 ftiouid be denied to none that in- 
 tended to take the benefit of it: 
 Howfoever he intended not by apz 
 plying this all fufficient remedy unto 
 every perfon in particular to make 
 it effeBual unto thefalvation of al^ 
 or to procure thereby aclual Pardon 
 for the fin* of the whole world. So, in 
 onerefpect he maybe faid to have 
 died for aft, and in another refpecT: 
 not to have died for all; yet fo as in 
 refpecT: of his mercy he may be 
 counted a hnde of unft>erfd caufe of 
 the rcftoring of our Nature, as Adam 
 was of the depraving of it } For as 
 far as I can difcern, Jbe righdy hits 
 
 the 
 
OfChriflsdea^&c. i7 
 
 die nail on the head that derermi- 
 neth the point in this manner. 
 
 Thorn. Contra Gentiles, 
 
 Mors Cbrijli eft qua ft quad a 
 univer falls caufa Jalutis ^ficut 
 peccatu primi kominisfuu quafi 
 miyerfalis caufa damnatwms. 
 Oportet dutem uniyerfakm cau* 
 jam applicari ad unumquodque 
 fpecialiter^t ejftBum uniyer fa~ 
 Its caufa participet* {pfjfectus 
 igitur peccati primi paren- 
 tis peryemt ad unumquemque 
 percarnis originem^ejffeuus au^ 
 tern mortis (^hrijli pertingit ad 
 unumquemque per fpiritualem 
 
 C re* 
 
1 3 lm true intent ana cxiem, <^ ». 
 
 regenerationem per qttatn Cbrt- 
 jlo homo quodammodo conjun- 
 gitur & incorporator* 
 
 An 
 
f 4*1 fi&ft f iffl ffc» <S® tea r*& <igi G& <iSi ftfS) *2» 
 
 A N 
 
 Anfwer of the faid Arch- 
 
 Bifhop of crfrmagb^ to fome ex- 
 ceptions taken againft his aforc- 
 faid Letter, asfolfowcth. 
 
 I Cannot fufKciently wonder, 
 why fuch exceptions fliould 
 be taken againft a Let er of 
 «««^,which without my privf^ 
 ty carneto \o many mens hands as it 
 thereby I had confirmed ( Papifme ) 
 tAminianifme and I know not what 
 error of Mi. tulverwels , which ffoj 
 you Write) is, and hath been, oppoi 
 fed by many •, yea, all good men. The 
 $apiU (faith one) doth thus diftin- 
 guifhjA Mediator of Redemption and 
 Intercefsion^nd 'BeUarmine{h\x\\ an- 
 C t other) 
 
other) divides the fatisfa&ion and 
 application of Chrift. To which, 
 what other Anfynr fliould i make 
 but this? To hold that Chrift is the 
 onely Mediator of Redemption, but 
 the Saints are alio Mediators of In- 
 terceflion,Thatf7;riiif by his Merits 
 hath madelatisfaclion to his Father 
 in groffe, and the Tope by his Indul- 
 gence, and his Priefts by their Gbhs 
 tions in the Made do make a par* 
 ticular application to particular 
 perfons. To joynthus/wf0<?nwith 
 Chrift in this manner in the Office 
 of Mediation is Popery indeed ; But 
 he who, attributing the entire work 
 of the Mediation unto Chrift alone, 
 doth yet diftinguifb the act of Res 
 demption from the act of IntcrceG: 
 Hon, the Satisfaction made by him 
 unto God , from the Application 
 thereof communicated unto men, 
 is as far from Popery* as he that 
 
 thinks 
 
taken agahft the former >&c, 
 thinkes otherwife is from the 
 grounds of the Catechifmt - s For that 
 Chrift hath (o died for all men (as 
 they lay down in the conference of 
 Hague ) ut reconciliationem cum Deo, 
 & peccatorum remfsiomm fingu- 
 lis impetraverit , 1 hold to be una 
 true, being well allured, That our 
 Saviour fiath obtained at the 
 hands of his father Reconciliatb 
 on , and Forgivenefle of finnes , 
 not for the Reprobate, but Elect one*- 
 ly } and not for them neither, be- 
 fore they be truely regenerated , and 
 implanted into himfeif For Election 
 being nothing elfe but the purpofe 
 ofGod,refling in his own minde, 
 makes no kinde of alteration in the 
 party ele&ed 3 but onely the execu- 
 tion of that Decree and Purpofe, 
 which in fuch as have the ufe of 
 rcafon is done by an effectual calling, 
 in all by fpiritual regeneration, 
 C i which 
 
2* An anjwer to J ome exceptions 
 
 which is the nm birth, without 
 which no man can fee the Kingdom 
 of God* 
 
 That lmpetration t whereof the Au 
 miniansTpcak , I hold to be a fruit, 
 not of his Satisfaction , but Intcr- 
 ceflion j and feeing I have learned 
 from Chrifts own mouth, lob.ij.^ 
 I pray not for the reprobate World: 
 Imuilneeds eftcemit a great folly 
 to imagine that he hathimpetrated 
 Reconciliation and Remiilion of fins 
 for that world, 1 agree therefore 
 thus far with Mr. Almes in his Dif- 
 pute againft Grev'mcboVius, That ap- 
 plication andimpetrationjn this latter 
 we have in hand, are of equal extent; 
 andjThat forgivenefle of fins is not 
 by our Saviour impetrated for any 
 unto whom the merit of his death is 
 not applied 'in particular.Ifin feeking 
 to make ftraight that which was 
 crooked in the Amman opinion, he 
 
 hath 
 
janen againjj tnejormer* oct . * > 
 
 hath bended it too far the contrary 
 way, and inclined too much unto 
 the other extremity , it is a thing, 
 which,in the heat of deputation yhath. 
 befallen many worthy men before 
 him; And, if 1 be not deceived, 
 gave the firft occafion to this prefent 
 controverfie. But 7 fee no reafon 
 why /mould be tied to follow him 
 in every ftep , wherein he tr eadcth : 
 And (o much for Mt. Aims. 
 
 The main error of the Armlmans 
 {y\d* CorDin. in De/en. jrminu cap. 
 i i.) and of the patrons of univerfa] 
 grace is th\s,That God offtreth unto 
 every man thofe means that are ne- 
 ceffaryuntofalvatiorv, both fuffici- 
 ently and effectually* and, That it re- 
 fteth in the .^isw// of every one to 
 receive, or reject the fame ; For the 
 proof thereof they alledgc, as their 
 predecefTorSjthc Semipdagiam , did 
 before them, that received Axiome 
 C 4 <>{ 
 
ofChrifts dying for all m:n , which 
 being rightly uaderftood/nakes no- 
 thing (or their purpofe. Some of 
 their oppofies (TubjecT: to overflght^ 
 as well as others ) more forward 
 herein than circumfpecl:, have an- 
 fwered this Objection, not by ex~ 
 pou.dxng (as was fit) but by flat 
 denying that famous Axiome : Affirm 
 ming peremptorily, that Qbr'0 died 
 or.ely for the EkH , and for others 
 nu'Jomo.lo : whereby they gave the 
 adverfe party advantage to drive 
 them unto this extream abfurdity, 
 rui^. That feeing Cbrift in no wife 
 died for any, but for the eleft, and 
 all men were bound to believe that 
 Chrift died for tbemfelves, and that 
 upon pain of damnation for the 
 tontr ary infidelity jTherefore all men 
 wete b ;und to believe that they 
 themfelvcs were ektted, although in 
 truth the matter were nothing h : 
 
 Non 
 
iokc n agawjt wejurmer ,occ. % 5 
 
 Non tali auxilio nee defenforibw iflis 
 Temfns eget, 
 
 , Neither is their hope that the^r- 
 minians will be drawn to acknow- 
 ledge the error of their pofition, as 
 long as they arc perfwaded the con- 
 trary opinion cannot be maintained 
 without admitting that an untruth 
 muft be believed 3 even by the com- 
 mandment of him that is God if 
 truth , and by the direction of that 
 word, which is thcypordof truth, 
 
 Endeavouring therefore to make 
 one truth fland by another, and to 
 ward off the blom given by the Ar- 
 ytinians in fuch fort that it fhould 
 neither bring hurt to the truth , nor 
 give advantage to error , admit J 
 failed of mine imentjjought to ba 
 accounted rather an oppugner than 
 anywifc an abettor of their fancies. 
 That for the Armenians. Now for 
 
 Mr.CW- 
 
Mr. Cuheneell ,That wlfich /have 
 heard him charged withall, is the 
 firmer extremity, which in my Let- 
 ter /did condemne, viz, That Cbr& 
 in fuch fort did die for all men,that 
 by his death he made an aftttal re- 
 concilement between God & man $ 
 and,That the fpecial reafon why all 
 men reap not the fruit of this recon- 
 ciliation, is the want of that faith » 3 
 whereby they ought to have be- 
 lieved that God in this fort did. love 
 them. How juftty he hath been 
 charged with this error,fc/«/e//~can 
 beft tell j But if ever he held it, I do 
 not doubt, but he was driven there- 
 unto by the abfurdities , which he 
 difcerned in the other extremity ; For 
 what would not a man fly unto ra- 
 ther than yeeld , that Chrift in no 
 manner of wayes died for any Repro- 
 bate, and none but the eh B had any 
 kinde of title to him , and yet fo 
 
 many 
 
J 
 
 many thoufand Reprobates mould 
 be bound in confcience to believe 
 :hat be died for them, and tied to ac- 
 :ept him for their Redeemer and 
 Saviour-, yea, and mould be con- 
 ietn?ied to everlafting torments for 
 pontoffuch a faith , (if we may call 
 :hat faith 5 which is not grounded 
 jpon the word of truth) whereby 
 hey mould have believed that 
 .vhich in it felf was moft untrue, 
 md laid hold of that in which they 
 lad no kindc of intereft- If they, 
 ?vho dealt with Mr. QuhermU la- 
 >oured to drive out one abfurdity 
 >y bringing in another, or went a- 
 >out to flop one hole by making 
 wo , / mould the leflc wonder at 
 hat you write,that though he hath 
 >een dealt withal! by many brethren, 
 nd for many years, yet he could 
 tot be drawn from his error. But 
 bofe fiumbling blocks being re- 
 moved. 
 
3,3 An anpper to fome exceptions 
 
 moved, and chc plain word of truth 
 laid open, by which faith is to be 
 begotten, I dare boldly fay he doth 
 not hold that extremity wherewith 
 he is charged , butfolloweth that 
 fafe, and mi Me courf? y which 1 laid 
 down j for after he had well wdgh'd 
 what I had written , he heartily 
 thanked the Lord and me , for fo good 
 a refolution of this Que(tion,which 
 for his part he wholly approved, 
 not feeing how it could be gain- 
 fayed. And fo much likewife fof 
 Mr- Qdverwell 
 
 Now for Mr- Stock i publick ops 
 pofition in the'P«//>*>Jean hardly be 
 induced to believe that he aimed at 
 me therinjlf he did, Zmufl needs fay 
 he was deceived, when he reckon'd 
 me amongft thofe good men , who 
 make the univcrfality of all the elett, 
 and all m:n to be one; /ndeedl 
 wrote but even now , that God did 
 
 execute 
 
tanen agawjt we former, &c. 19 
 
 xecutc his Decree ofEkftion in all 
 >y Spiritual generarion : Buc if any 
 ball fay, that by all thereby I (hou Id 
 inderftand the univerfality of all 
 nd every one in the wurld 9 and not 
 he univetfality of all the EkB alone, 
 le mould greatly wrong my mean- 
 ng: for /am of no other mind than 
 Trofor was,//£ i. De vocat.Gent. 
 iabetpopulw Dei flenitudinemjuam, 
 $ qumvis magna, pars hominum fat- 
 vantis Gratiam aut repeUat aut neglu 
 at , in eleclis tamen 1st pr<e(citis atque 
 h omni generahtate difcretis } fpe?ia is 
 i«edam cenfew unmrfit(U > ut de toto 
 timdo , totm mundus Uierattu , 1st de 
 mnibui bominibus , cmnes homines vi- 
 cantur afiumpti. That Chrift died 
 3r his \Apoflks ( Luke2z.i5>.) for 
 is /beep ( John io,i s .) for his friends 
 lohn 15.13.) for his Church (Ephef. 
 .iv) may make peradventure a- 
 jainft thofe, who make all men to 
 
 have 
 
30 xAn anfa>er to (ome exceptions 
 
 have a (hare alike in the death of oui 
 Saviour: but I prorefle my felf tc 
 hold fully with him, who faid, cV/i 
 Cbriftut pro omnibus mortuus eft, tame* 
 fpecialiter pro tiobtipafiusejl, quia pn 
 Ecclejia pafluseft. Yea, and in m) 
 former writing J did dire&ly con< 
 elude, That as in one refpeel Chrifl 
 might have been faid to die for all 
 fo in another refpeft truely (aid not 
 to have died for all : and my belie 
 is , That the principal end of th< 
 Lords death, was, that he might gathe 
 together in one the Qhildren of Qch 
 fcattered abroad (John n. 52., ) and 
 That for their fakes he didfpeciaS 
 fanttifie himfelf, that they ajfo migb 
 be fanclified through the truth John 1; 
 19.) And therefore it may be we 
 concluded , That Chrift in a [pi 
 eial manner died for thefe j but t 
 infer from hence , that in no mann^ 
 of refpe&hc died for any others,: 
 
 bi 
 
taken agatnjt the former, Sec. j i 
 
 mt a very weak colle<5tion,fpecially 
 
 he rejpett by me expreifed being fo 
 
 eafonable, that no fober minde ad- 
 
 rifedly confidering thereof can juft- 
 
 y make queftion of it, vh^ That the 
 
 Lamb of God offering bimfelf a facri- 
 
 icc for the fins of the world, intend- 
 
 :d by giving fatisfa&ion to Gods 
 
 ufticetomake the nature of man 
 
 Kmich he aflumedja fofuhjett for 
 
 hercy ,and to prepare a Sovcraignc 
 
 tfdecine that (hould^not onely be a 
 
 efficient cure for the fins of the 
 
 vholc world , but alfo fhould be 
 
 lid open to all > and denied to none, 
 
 tiat indeed do take the benefit 
 
 bereof : For he is much deceived 
 
 lat thinks a preaching of a bare 
 
 fficimcy is able to yeeld fufficient 
 
 round of comfort to a difticlTed 
 
 oul, without giving a further way 
 
 ) it . and opening a further pal- 
 
 ige. 
 
 * To 
 
ii Jin anjft>er to form exceptions 
 
 9 Tobringnewstoa£a»cAr«/rt that 
 the King of Spain hath treafure c- 
 nough to pay a thoufand times 
 more than he owes 5 may be truc,buc 
 yields but cold comfort to him the 
 miferable Debtor: fuflSciency indeed 
 is requifite, but it is the word of pro- 
 mife that gives comfort. 
 
 If here exception be taken, That 
 I make the whole nature of man Jit 
 for mercy, when it is as unfit a fub- 
 je<5t for grace as may be. 
 
 I an fitter , That here ftoo impedi- 
 ments do occur, which give a flop 
 unto the peace,which is to be made 
 betwixt God and mail. The one re- 
 fpe&s God the party offended, whof© 
 Juftice hath been in men fort vio^ 
 iated by his bafe Vaflals,that it were 
 unfit for his glorious Majefty to put 
 up mch an injury without good (a* 
 tisfaciion. The other refpe&s man 
 the party offending , whofc blind- 
 
 neffk 
 
An axju>er tofome exceptions ? j 
 
 ie(Te,ftupidity, and bardnefi of heart 
 sfuch, that he is neither fenflble of 
 lis own Wetchedneffe , nor Gods 
 >podneJJe } thai when God offers to be 
 econciled unto him , there muft be 
 nuch intreaty to perlwade him to 
 >e recon died to God , (t Cor. 5 . 2 o-) 
 n regard of the latter I acknow- 
 edgc with the JpoBle^at the natu- 
 '&l man receives not the things oj the 
 Ytritifor they are footi/bueffe to him ; 
 either can bs, becaufi fpiritually dif- 
 erned i (i Cor. j. 14.) And this impe- 
 imentis not taken away by Chrifts 
 disfaftion (which is a work of his 
 ?rieUly function J but* by the em. 
 ghtning of the rninde , and Joftning 
 le heart of the (inner , which are 
 Fc&s iffucing from the execution 
 the Prophetical , and Kingly Office 
 our Redeemer. When therefore 
 fay , That by Qhrifts fatisfatlion to 
 s Father he made the Nature of 
 D Man 
 
j 4 M an] yper to jome excepnmr 
 
 Man a fie fubjecHbr mercy , I mean 
 thereby, that the firmer 1 impedi- 
 ment arifing on Gods partis taken 
 away, that if it were not for the 
 other (for the having whereof we 
 can blame none but our fcly es , and 
 in the not ra»0V*w£, whereof we can- 
 not fay God hath done us any 
 yerong) there were no let , but all 
 men might be faved: And if it plea- 
 fed God to extend his mercy unto 
 aU y as he keeps \\h freedom therein, 
 in haying compasfton on whom be wil 
 have mercy, and leaving others ii 
 blindnefle > natural hardnefle of theii 
 own heart, ycttheW^ofChrifts 
 fatisfaction is fo great > that his 7«* 
 ^ftice herein (hculd be no loofer* 
 But if this Jujlice (you will fay) 
 be fatufied , how comes it to pafle 
 that God exafts payment again from 
 any ? I Anfmr , Wemuft rake hcedj 
 we ftretch no^ our fimilitudes be- 1 
 
 yond 
 
yond their juft extent, leaft at Iafr 
 we drive the matter too far, and be 
 forced to fay (aafome have done) 
 That we cannot fee how [atisfaftion 
 atidfergiToeneffe can (land together ^nd 
 fo by denying Chriits jatitfatikn be 
 injurious to Godsjuftice , or by de- 
 nying remisfion of fins become inju- 
 rious to Gods mercy. We are there- 
 fore to understand, that the end of 
 the fatisfaction of Gods JuUiee is to 
 make way for Gods free liberty in 
 ihewing mercy , that fo mercy and 
 Juflice meeting, and embracing enc 
 another, God may be j«/?, and the pt- 
 (lifier of him that believes in lcfm s 
 (T{om.x.i6,y Now the gentral fa- 
 tisfaction of Chrift , which was the 
 firft a& of his Trieftly Office , pre- 
 pares the Way for Gods mercy , by 
 making the finnes of all mankinds 
 pardonable 9 the interpohrien of any ■ 
 3ar from Gods Juftice notwith- 
 D 1 ftand- 
 
j6 An anfiver to fount exceptions 
 
 {landing, and fo puts the fonnes of 
 men onely in a polfibttty of being 
 juftified,a thing denied to the na- 
 ture of fallen Angels, which the fon 
 was not pleafed to affame 5 But the 
 fecial application of this fatisfa&ion 
 vouchfafed by Chrift unto thofe 
 perfons onely whom his Father 
 hath given him out of the Tuorld, 
 which is an appendant y or apper- 
 tained to the jecond A& of his 
 prkft-hood,Ti^. his intercesjion$To- 
 duceth this potentia in Jclum, i. e. 
 procured an actual di (charge from 
 Gods anger; And maketh juftifica- 
 riow, which before was a part of our 
 posfibility 5 to be a part of our prefent 
 poffesfion. 
 
 If it be faid, It is a great detroga- 
 
 tionto the dignity of Chrifts death to 
 
 make the fins of mankindc onely 
 
 pardonable, and brings in a bare pof- 
 
 fibiliy of justification. 
 
 I an- 
 
 j 
 
 1 
 
 ji 
 
taken againfl the former* Sec. 
 
 1 anfwerjltis a moft unchriftian 
 imagination to fuppofe the merit of 
 Chrifts death, being particularly ap- 
 plied to the Soul of a fmner, produ- 
 ce th no further effect than this^ainc 
 Tanl teacheth us that we be not 
 onely jufiifiable , but jujlified by bis 
 bloud,Kom,$.$.) yet not fimply as of- 
 fered on the" Croflc y but through 
 faith in bis bloud, (Rom. 3.15.) that 
 is, through his bloud applied by 
 faith. The bloud of Jtfw Chrift bis 
 fon, (faith Sainton, 1 Iohn i« 
 17.) cleanfetb us from aU finnes, 
 yetclenfeitdothnot by being pre- 
 pared, but by being applied f prepared 
 it was when he poured it out once 
 upon the Croffe, applied it is when 
 he wafbeth us from our fins therein, 
 ( Rev. 1 ,5. '.} It is one thing there- 
 fore to fpeak of Chrifts fatisfaSiU 
 ?8, in the general sabfolutdy confi- 
 deredi and another thing , as it is op- 
 n x tiled 
 
5 8 An anfwer tofome exceptions 
 
 plied to every one in particuler ; The 
 confideracion of things as they are 
 in their 'caufes t is one thing j and as 
 they have an atlual exijiancejs an- 
 other thing. Things as they are in 
 their caufes are no otherwifeconii- 
 derable, but as they have aposftbili- 
 ty. to be- The application of the 
 Agent to the pAtient t wkh aWcircum- 
 fiances necellarily required,is it that 
 gives to the thing an atlual being. 
 That difttgft \ii curable for which a 
 Soveraign medecine may be found, 
 but cured it is not til the medecine be 
 applied to the paticntj and if it fo fall 
 out, that ,the medecine being not ap- 
 plied, the party mifcarries, We fay, 
 He was \o%not 9 becaufe bis ficknefs 
 was mvnhle. , but , becaufe there 
 wanted a care to apply that to him 
 that might have helped him. 
 
 A{\ Adams ions have taken amor*- 
 tdficknefje from their Father y which 
 
 if 
 
taken again ft the former , &c. 
 
 if it be not remedied will,without 
 favoring them to the fecond death 
 no medecine under heaven can heal 
 this difeafe , but oncly a potion confe- 
 fted of the bloud of the Lambe of 
 God, who came to take away the fins 
 of the World; which , as profper true- 
 ly notes, habet quidemw fe ut omnibus 
 profit Jed fi non bibitur non medetar m 
 The vertue thereof is fuch, that if all 
 did take it, all without doubt mould 
 be recovered, but without taking it 
 there is no recovery, fn the former 
 refpcct it may be truely faid,That no 
 mans ftate is fo defierate, but by this 
 means it is recoverable , ("and this is 
 the flrft comfortable news that the 
 Golpel brings to the diftrefled Soul) 
 but here it refteth not, nor fcedeth a 
 man with fuch a po/Tibility,that he 
 fhould fay in hit heart, who [hall afceifd 
 into heaven to bring Cbritt from abovd 
 but it brings the word of comfort 
 
 D 4 mh 
 
40 . lAnanjWr to [ome exceptions, &c; 
 jngbuntohim^wtti to his mouth and 
 heart, and prefcnts him with the 
 medicine at hand, and defireth him 
 to take it- which being done accord- 
 ingly the cure is a&uaily perfor* 
 med. 
 
 . 
 
 A 
 
4t 
 
 (mm 
 
 A 
 
 VINDICATION 
 
 Of the late 
 
 ARCH-BISHOP 
 
 OF 
 
 ARMAGH, 
 
 From fomc mistakes made by Ma- 
 tter Thomas Pierce,both in his Vhylanthroyy y 
 and Poft-fcript at che conclufion of his cor- 
 real Copy offome Notes of Gods Decrees, &c. 
 Affirming a change of judgement in him * 
 little before his death, of lome points contro- 
 verted between MrtZbr/** and himfelf, but 
 efpeciaUy of Vniverfal Grace and Redcmpi* 
 on, relating to the (ubjeft of the former 
 Treatife* 
 
 9 
 
 By Dr. Bernard, Treacher to the Honourable 
 fociety of Grayes-Inne, 
 
42- 
 
 0*5 SJ> 3J3 C^» «^> «f> *^» 
 
 The Printer to the 
 Reader, 
 
 TJtefe two Letters fol- 
 lowing, expeBed from tht 
 perfonto whom they were wit t (u 
 an Appendix to anothet 
 Treatffe , being hitherto, dt- 
 layed the publicly, and non 
 conceived very r equifite to bt 
 inferted here as having a rela- 
 tion to the former Tractate* 
 mentioned in one of them - 'Tht 
 DoBor hath been importunec 
 to permit them accordingly alfo 
 qtoitb fome alteration and ad- 
 dition* 
 
 Tli 
 
4J 
 
 the firU Letter of potior 
 Bernards to Mr. Barked n anfaer 
 tofomepajfages in Mr. Pierces 
 
 ^Philanthropy. 
 
 Worthy Sir, 
 
 I Am much your debtor for 
 thofelarge expreffions of your 
 affc&ion to the late jirch-Bl- 
 (bop of Armagh , and the readi- 
 icfle to clear him from fome injury 
 one him by Mr. Ihonuu Tierce^jn 
 lis anfwer to a book of yours, 
 two Eminent men of each Vniverz 
 iv, before 7 heard from you, had fent 
 into me for their private fatisfa&i- 
 mi. And now upon your Letter and 
 iire&ions / have viewed the feveral 
 paflages tending that way, Chap- u* 
 ^.3.5. Chap.y Sect.xj.y.Chap't'Sett. 
 iy which in fum Ifinde amounts 
 
 to 
 
44 A Vindication of tbs Primate 
 
 to this, v*^ That the late Trimate o t 
 Armagh was, though a late,yet a feri. 
 us Convert : ^Andaffii me d,a little , 01 
 not lwg t before hii death to feVeral per 
 fons , that he utterly rejetted all tbo/t 
 opinions of Cziv'm. 1 hat there ypen 
 evident marks of a change in him. Thai 
 a little before hu death he profefed at 
 utter dijlike to the whole Doctrine o t 
 Geneva , in tbofe affairs, &c. Firft, 
 *t is pofli ble Mr- -Pierces enformen 
 might mi ftake the Doctrine forth( 
 Difcipline of Geneva, or Calvin^ 
 which by fomc in their Sermons 
 hath been advanced accordingly: 
 or it it were of the Doclrine, he hath 
 taken a great latitude in faying,^// th 
 opinions t tbe whole Doclrine. And the 
 Reftridion^/^,, In tbofe affairs , is 
 fomewhat obfeure , being introdu- 
 ced occafionally upon the fpeech of 
 one or two of them. It had been, 
 better to have named the fcvcraJ 
 
1 1 urn « it**& ituungi. ly w^imvn. *\f 
 
 oints he meansj from which hows 
 sever, as to £a/W»,or Geneva, how 
 ould he be laid to revolt, when in 
 tmtnii he did not profeflethe de- 
 nee of either, it being the Doctrine 
 f St. Juguftine , which hath been 
 onfirmedbyhim. 
 
 And for Cahine, though 7 do not 
 ike upon me the defence of him 
 either , yet there is one Doctrine of 
 is • and in tboje affairs ( different 
 *om fome of his own profeflion in 
 'eneya) which mult be exempted 
 om Mr Pierces Pniverfality 5 and 
 yhich, will not be found that the 
 Yimate reje&ed, <i>^. that ntaffa 
 trrupta was the object of Predefti- 
 at ion, as BiflopDavenant makes ic 
 
 ppcar, (in his determinations^ 16.) 
 rhere he 1 fir ft clears him from the 
 (landers the Iefuites have railed cficdv&m-tj* 
 
 im in it,Ti/^ Tlmt be fbould boIdfJuT'^jj^ 
 lit God in thefifljet before ^J£'^» 
 
 fore> 
 
qo av indication oj we irrimaie 
 
 S1ST forefigbt offinjkctedfome togloty.am 
 peccati, qutf- ordained others to deflruction -. And h 
 
 I dam abfolute * . . -7. 
 
 | degifcadgio- the Jecona place ordained the firms o) 
 I r $!S$e 'ad in Adam to that endjbat be might exercifi 
 I tiZJ^~ bis juBice towards the Rebates, am 
 ; i n fianu,pecca merc » towards the elect-,md then sivtJ 
 
 tumAdamieo ' ' o 
 
 I fine ordinal you clearly bthe truth ofCaWines judge' 
 puamergaRe. ntent in tm proportions conhrmec 
 I nSSui^/r °ut of divers quotations in his ?«/?ifcfe 
 i^cenfrde- tiom ^' that fi* corrupt Maffe , 0/ 
 
 I term.q.U.J mitt faffed , »^ */;d C?^j^Cf o/ £ i*Cf *0* 
 
 ;; S&- and<%eprobation t tkough nottbe caufe 
 tim,kitedn* And further, proves , That what th< 
 
 lm prtpofittonu T > 
 
 **« coming J emits put upon Calvine, their owr 
 c/cMs°efiqui Topi/It Writers were the prime Ai 
 b«to*L thorsof,^. $ cotus, Naclantus 
 
 & C X: *¥«*» #'*"»«** , OaUUm , ^ 
 
 pradeftwationi, phonfus Men Jo^ who aver,That*fo 
 
 1 ejfe tL Eum- c Decree of Predestination is not onelj 
 I ES/ST before the Decree of permitting tbe lapji 
 I ibS'" ' &c * ^/"^ i £#* <*f/0 £</or* *^ creating qj 
 
 |: Decrctum 
 
 Wfideftiifiationis mn film decreto Idpffo permitter.di,fed bominh Creand 
 
 jjT Vriks is aniiquiui ep, &c, E>id. 
 
 him, 
 
TTvm a laic ivungt vj vjJiwvn. 47 
 
 m. And d defires it might be take notice i H . ot »**■ 
 P, that the Wopi/b Writers were the perjpiaatisjp- 
 Ytef Authors of that opinion, "which vnlZtsTge 
 mies man lapfed to be the (ubjeaof^J™™ 
 YtVine Predeflinat'toni which,if fome'? f *? r h ™'" e " 
 fours did coniider, they would be £wMPr*de- 
 ic flower paced in the defence oi-jSUmi 
 mtch hath occasioned this digref- 
 on, Howfoever, as to Qaltine's 
 pinion, this Reverend and learned 
 Bifiop thus far fupports it > thathe^^^f 
 y ns St. ' JLuguflhes fuffragc with j^gj? 
 is own in it } and as it is there dccla.-f j " r P'- uma ff er * 
 :d,/underftandnot how it is tc-turacailmo 
 i€it& by this Fminent Primate. J^.'u.'itS'd? 
 
 But whatever thefe points were, 
 F this be Mr. Pierces meaning,That 
 
 little before his death he Ihould 
 r er bally tetrad what he bad pu- 
 •lilhcd in his works , lam affurcd 
 though it be hard to prove a Ttegaa 
 \*e) there was no fuch matter : but 
 hat he was conftant in them to his 
 
 end 
 
^s t/i HJinaicmm 0/ toe Trtmare r 
 
 end When he was laft inLottdon^oti: 
 tinuing here about (even weeks tos 
 gether, I was perpetually with him, 
 taking then the opportunity of a 
 further fpeaking with him of moft 
 of the pafTages of his life , as of the| 
 fe veral Books he had wrote, the Sub* 
 jeBs of them, the occafion of their 
 writing, when fomc fuch points (as 
 Mr.P/Vrapoffibly may mean) came 
 into difcourfe. And then there was 
 not the lead change in him. And 
 it is to be prefumed, in that laftdB 
 of winding up his b>M? /*/<?, if there 
 had been any, he would have then 
 mentioned it > & this was but abouti 
 five T^eeks (which is alittle, or no* 
 long) before his death. And it 
 hath been comfirmed to me by a 
 Minifter , who was at Uyegate a 
 fort-night before, as by fome Ho- 
 nourable perfons , who (pake with 
 him of thefe Subjects a few days be- 
 fore 
 
from a late change of Opinion. --> q$ 
 
 ore his death •, fo that / believe 
 At.tPitrce. hath not been well acU 
 'ifed in publifhing this his Infors 
 nation. 
 
 And it is no new thing.to have 
 ooh, as well as opinions Jaid to bit 
 barge which be hae^o not \ It was pre- 
 umed hv his /</?:, and fo the lcfTe 
 vonder if it be pra&ifed after his 
 'eatb. There is a bpok. entitled a 
 Method of Meditation , which was 
 Tinted in his name.yfow <\6'$\. And, 
 bough by his Comwands ,& me , it 
 vas then publickly- declared to be 
 one of his , yet Jince bis death (this 
 ear 1^57.) itisrtyrinted 3 md not- 
 fithftanding the, renewing of that 
 >eclaration by the /d»tf>4)? where- 
 in f found him abu fed ,itis ftill fold 
 nder his name to the great di (ho- 
 our of him. 
 
 The pafjage which Mr. Pierce is 
 
 10ft clear in , is (hap, i, Seel. 15, 
 
 E where. 
 
jo A Vindication of the Trinate 
 
 where/peakingof Vdwfcl grace 8c 
 redemption, he Lith,the mofl Learned 
 AnU-Armnians bate been fern to ajfert 
 it, as well as Arminiw. ^Among m, the 
 late Bijbop 0/ Armagh,^. 
 
 Fir ft, He fhoald have done well 
 to have named w\>cn he bath aver- 
 ted it m any of his works, Next. 
 What, or ^compelled him,thatb< 
 was/«» to doit -and if by thai 
 fpeecb -M welt a* ArntiMushe meah: 
 (according to common conftrii: 
 ftion) As full I or in the Jm? 4trd 
 as Ay minim ; it will be thehardef 
 proof of the three: whom hefeare 
 ever name* in his Works- his aim* 
 being againft Peldgim and his Difci 
 pics. Unlefle that palTage in hi 
 "Pelagian Biftory may be To applie 
 (wrapped up under the Title c 
 Britannia Antiquitates^Pelagtm bein \ 
 a 'Britain , which he intended t 
 have taken out , and printed as 
 
 Treati 
 
from a lau coange of upimon. 4 5 
 
 jreatife by it felf ) where he having 
 iven us^t large the bold and rug- 
 pd language, with which Mian, 
 ne of Telagiw his followers, in des 
 :nce of his Doctrine /greets the 
 10ft mildt and meek Father St. Au- 
 1 4Jiine i he adds this, (Cbap.ih p m ) 
 ujut idcirco njerba k<e r > jdefcriberM 
 '4aV't itttwfacjpeculo contempUrctur 
 (tor, conftmiki noflrorum temptrnm 
 rfcliontSfTbrafoni hmc adeb t geminos , 
 r in eosy bujutjfciritus audfipzr Fythu 
 tricam quattdam tx-rinVx«r"' > immU 
 rJifie rpideatur : I know . not how h e 
 in call him ixv^AntiArminian, un- 
 ;fle he confefle them to be Tela- 
 'uns. 
 
 Secondly, In this particular con- 
 rrning <y n iy e r[al Redemption 1 
 aye caufe to believe there.was not 
 »y change in him from what his 
 idgcment was many years agonc; 
 i*d if he were not totally according 
 E 2, to 
 
5* A vindication of the Primate 
 
 to Calvin J rauft it therefore be ar 
 gucd , he was wholly for Hminius 
 Might there not be a mean whcreii 
 he might tread more lately accord 
 ing to the ancient Doctrine of th 
 Church ? And indeed to deal clearl 
 with you, his judgement in thi 
 point was in a middieytay diffcreni 
 both foom yours , and Mr. tPhm 
 which if it might notocpofe himt 
 both yourpensandcenfurcSjbutl: 
 a reconciliation between you , (th 
 latter of which I fee little hope ofvj 
 might be moved the more willing} 
 to declare it. I do the rather mer 
 tion thisj becaufe, As Mr.' Fieri 
 faith, you call it the chief bead o{A\ 
 mniamfme,So he faith, 'tis that wh 
 which other opinions in debate mil k 
 ftand, or fall' And Chap, 3. p. 15, e 
 cufeth his prolixity on it, becaufe 
 this error he once dif claimed by the a 
 Vsrfary, all the reft yp'tH tumble of iht 
 own accord^c. 
 
from a late change of Opinion. $ j 
 
 In a word , ^harn forry to finde 
 \ztheat between you, which being 
 M'mifters and Neighbour? , is the 
 lore unfeemly /'(hall advice you 
 lyour reply to endeavour rather to 
 >al up^the breach, than make it 
 rider ; the fruits of the fpirit ap- 
 earingmuch in meekneffe & gentle* 
 ffe, &c. and laying aflde ali 'Verbal 
 nimofities and perfonai reflections, 
 timely to fall upon the matter, 
 ind Co I commend you and your 
 ibours to Gods blefling and dire- 
 don, and reft 
 
 Tour t>ety ajjured friend 
 
 N, Bernard. 
 
 rajeslnne, March 
 11 « |^J^» 
 
 «£; 
 
 \A 
 
54 A Vindication of the Primate 
 
 ^yi fetond Letter , of the fdidDoStcr Bcr 
 nard t o Mr. Barlee, in A»(mr to part of 
 Poft (cript at the conclusion of a book t 
 Mr. Pierces , viz,, a Correct Copy i 
 fome Tfytes of Gods decrees, &c. W beret 
 the former erroneous report r At fed upon th 
 /ate 4rch.~B\§op of Armagti , efpecialt 
 concerning X\m*exfa\ Grace , or Re 
 demptioD t faing wore largely affirmed, > 
 here more fully cleared and vindicated. 
 
 . SIR, 
 
 I Have lately received from yo 
 another book of Mafter Pierces 
 which Ifawnot before,T>i^, A£on 
 reft Qopy of Gods deems p-c In th 
 Poft fcript of which 2 find a large 
 confirmation of what had been ai 
 firmed by him, in relation to th 
 late ^Arcb-'Bifhop of jfrmagh , an 
 Primate of Ireland .-which, at ycu 
 de/Tre, / cannot refute to return yo 
 my fenfe ofalfo. 
 1 1 Th&Mtbour is a Stranger to mi 
 
 bi 
 
but appears to be a man of very ex- 
 cellent parts and abilities, and 1 am 
 (brry he hath been moved to em^ 
 ploy them in thi.s particular , in a 
 continued confident declaring the 
 change of opinion in fo Learned and 
 pious a f relate (as inrnUlt worthily 
 ftileshim,) to whom rar ought I 
 knq w he was zflranger^nd adding, 
 That what he hath before affirmed 
 to be upon a jujl ground and mature 
 deliberation , and yet /finde no other 
 foundation upon which this is 
 builtj than the report of others. The 
 frequent experimental failing of 
 which, when it comes to the proof, 
 hath wrought ic out of reputation, 
 with prudent men to depend upon. 
 That which 1 finde in the con- 
 cufion of his Poft feript,7muft begin 
 with, wherein he doth determine, 
 viz. That wboefoever (hitt appear to 
 bold the Negative ,1k at my LordPri* 
 E 4 mate 
 
iA ^vindication of theTrim&te 
 
 mate of Armagh did not declare bis 
 rejeclion oftheje opinions, which I n0, 
 and which him ( elf formerly embraced , 
 will wrong the memory of the *~Bifhoj>. 
 As /do not(accordingto his caveat) 
 take upon mc to pro\>e a Negative, (6 
 I do not underftand the ground of 
 this definitive Sentence , uponiti 
 whomfbever fhall adhere to it. Z|i 
 am furc his meaning is not , bccaufe 
 he doth rejifl them ; and leffe Hie vy is 
 therejbecaufe the primate had formerly 
 embraced them t for a changeablenefle|! 
 in Do&rine carries in it felf , a {hew 3 
 of diflionour 9 that with him there 
 fhould be yea and nay : iurely there i 
 muft be fomewhat of groflc cor- 
 ruption ,or dangerous confequencc fi 
 formerly taught and profeiTed by 
 this good Primate, that fhould in-fc 
 curre this cenfurc ; And it is too |o 
 early a conclufive, while they are yet 
 in Difpate between you, and the 
 
 matter 
 
 J 
 
front a late change of upwion. 57 
 
 matter not heard on the Primates 
 tide 5 Which lexpe&ed not from a 
 per {on fo ingenuous, as / read Mafter 
 Vierce to be. And howfbevcr the 
 whole implies that the Vrimate had 
 wronged himfelf, if not his hearers 
 md readers, in preaching and wri- 
 ing of untruths fo long % but much 
 tiorc if he had died without retraci- 
 ng them j and that the injury done 
 o him,is already decreed to lye upon 
 hat perfon that (hall affirm other- 
 ivifc of him in either: yet this mud 
 lot deterre } or dijeourage me in this 
 ervice of his vindication, leaving 
 t to the judgement of others, 
 JPhich may be thought lefle in)U- 
 iom • The averring his conflancy i or 
 nconflancy in matters of fuch 
 veight and moment- 1 (hall be 
 ontented he do enjoy his opinion, 
 \ he will not cenfure me for not 
 orfaking my own /Ws^.That /think 
 
 I 
 
< 8 A n>inaicawn of tmrrtmxte 
 
 Ifhould wrong him and my felf^ at leaft 
 do wither right, if 1 mould filently 
 let this belief of him pafle without 
 putting it to a ftand, by producing 
 thofe probabilities which have pre- 
 vailed with me to the contrary. 
 
 That which Mr- fierce profeiTeth. 
 7>/^.That he publifht it to thclmmoh 
 ul honor of that great Pre/<*te,doth not 
 well fuit with the expreilions in the 
 next breath, calling it an error which 
 hadpojfefthim t zt\d intimating it to 
 be a retraction of his aberrations , or a 
 pamitency of hit fins, which he having 
 nofenfeof, ornotexprcilingic till 
 then , he muft have contracted 
 great guilt all his life, both inpreack 
 i»g and writing to the fubverfion 
 poflibly $ of many- This if he hac 
 found himfelf guilty o£,a verbal re< 
 trtftion would not have fufficed bu 
 he mould have given fatisfa&iot 
 alfo by his pen: His judgement havini 
 
 beer 
 
from a late change of Opinion* 
 
 been by that tranfmitted beyond the 
 ■ Seat, which one Sermon in a Church 
 in London , or opening his mind to 
 a few in private, could not have ex- 
 piated: neither would fo good a 
 man as he, have refted in it, but 
 with St. Auguft'me humbly have res; 
 voked his error in that way alfo ; but 
 I believe none of thofc pretended 
 witnejfes of bis change will fay that he 
 gave them that promife , or that 
 they did fo much as requeft it of 
 him, though they had time enough 
 to have w rote unto him , if omitted 
 in the conference. And certainly 
 Mr. Fierce , (to ufe his own expref- 
 fion) had inJingleneffeofaffcBiondone 
 bim more right and honour , if he had 
 left him wholly to his TPorkf> y which 
 do rofficiendy te/iifie of bim , rather 
 than thus to bring him upon the 
 Stage after his death fie give fentence 
 on him onely upon hearsay. There 
 
 being 
 
60 IA ^vindication of the Tritnate 
 
 being no neceffity in this difpute to 
 have fo much as named him- Neia 
 thercan I chink thofe, any Cordial 
 ■friends of the Bifbops (as he ftiles 
 them) who have been chcoccafion 
 of putting him upon it, And I do 
 remember that the lift time he bvas 
 in London, he did exprefle afeftiliew 
 of fome that came to viiit him j that 
 they would by "WreSting his Words 
 make fome fuchufe of them as now 
 appears : who propofed difcourfes 
 of the like fubje&s to him , and 
 whereupon he did confirm at full 
 that which had been his judgement 
 of them formerly. 
 
 For that of Mr. Tiercies offer of 
 proofs feme learned and grave t>U 
 Vines, who had conference with the *~Bi- 
 Jbop,andTtfiP(as he faith) be glad to 
 atteH the fame under their bands : As / 
 know not what caufe there fhould 
 be oig\adneffe > or forwardnefle in 
 
 this 
 
frdm a late change of Opmon. 6 1 
 
 this Teitimonyj So when they fhall 
 meet with contrary attentions by 
 the like of their own profeflion , it 
 makes me fad ,to forefee what a fire 
 this may poffibly kindle among us, 
 (to the rcjoycing of thofe or the 
 Church of ^ome) which I have no 
 minde to burn my ringers in , oncly 
 I ftick firmly to my perfwafion in 
 my former Letter confirmed there 
 by feveral probable Teflimonies, that 
 there was no fuch change as is pres 
 tended in him near his death. And 
 if this of Mr- Piercies affirmation 
 fhould proove tfc be the raijing of a 
 falfe report , {which he ingenuouC 
 ly confelTeth to be fo great tin evil, 
 and doth/o hate and condemne-i lt>be- 
 ther through ignorance 3 or credulity:) 
 this ffluft be of the firfl magnitude, 
 when it hath forks object fo emis 
 nent and pious a perfon, xohofepraife 
 being throughout the (lurches, and in 
 
 fpecial. 
 
61 A vindication of the Ptifnaie 
 
 fpecial 3 for \ thofc his labours 
 tending to thofe Subjects ^ the 
 whole Reformed Qburcb ate concer- 
 ned in it. 
 
 1 finde him ft ill punctually obs 
 ferving his former expreffion,'!^* 
 rejecting all the Doctrines ofGeney^ itk 
 which befides the latitude, there is 
 this ambiguity, whether it be meant 
 according to Cahin 5 or Bei^a ; for 
 both i were of Geneva ; between 
 whom in fome ofthefc points there 
 was the like difference as between 
 Mr.Terkins and Bifhop Abbot, with 
 us, Tttfc- In the Supialapfarian opini- 
 ^m. 9 1 1. on,which f !Be^a was for,but Cabin 
 »no t at.fr<. j^y it otherwife , as hath beeri 
 
 (hewed in the former Letter. It had 
 been better to have inflamed the 
 particulars of thofe Doctrines, than 
 thus by clouding them in the Gene* 
 rales to put us upon conjeSlures, 
 which they Should be. 
 
 The 
 
from a late change of Opinion. 6 5 
 
 The ondy point which he names 
 bere, is, That the Primate embraced 
 &e DoBrine cf Vnherfal Redemption } 
 md faith, in that he doth as good as fay 
 %H. He doth not aflat it from his 
 swn knowledge , but faith he hath 
 tirommanymofl mqueftionable per- 
 sons Tbhicb had it poured into tbsir ears, 
 \f the Trimatesown mouth. I fit were 
 n a Sermon of his at a Church in 
 London, the laft he preached in th ax 
 -ity, and many rnoneths before His 
 Jeath; (which 1 amenformed by 
 others is the fenfe of it) I was pre- 
 ent at it,ar»d with me there was no 
 tew thing obierved to have been ut- 
 :ered by him differing from what 
 lis judgement was m^ny years agonc, 
 ince I had the happineffc to be 
 mown unto him. It may be io m i 
 >f thefe perfons produced for wit. 
 kfles being grangers to him and fa- 
 ting hi m to fye of the other extremity 
 
 might 
 
64 ^ Vindication of the Primate 
 
 might apprehend it as a retratlation, 
 If they heard him affirming , That 
 by the death of Chrift all men re- 
 ceive this benefit that they are 
 Jahabiles , or put into a capacity 
 or falvation , That terms of peace 
 are procured for all mankinde, That 
 all mens fins are become pardon* 
 able } mercy attainable , (in which 
 ftatc thofe of the Angelical nature 
 which fell, are not.) That there 
 is fomc diftin&ion to be made be- 
 tween his fat jfa&ion (rightly un-| 
 derftood) and his intercession , ac- 
 cording to that of our Saviour i /lj 
 pray for thefe y I pray not for the yporld, \ 
 &c It is polfiblc 5 for ought /know, 
 fome fuch cxpreflions might be his j 
 then. But that by this Vni\>er(al „ 
 Redemption fhould be underflood , v 
 fuch an Vniverfal grace, that the fame 
 meafure of it without any dijl'mclion y j 
 fhould equally , and alike, be conferred fi 
 
 mi 
 
from a late change of Opinion. 6$ 
 
 tnd applied to Judas , which "too* to 
 Peter ; and that the onely difference, was 
 the freewill (/'Peter in accepting^ with- 
 out any further caufe of thanks to God 
 for hit grace in inclining Urn according- 
 } yfizc. This J iuppofe will not be 
 attefted to have been profefled by 
 him , either in tbii, or any other Ser- 
 tnon,or private conference with him. 
 faid in this ptefent inlargement , I 
 would not be under ftood to inter- 
 joie my felf in the contro'Verfie^ot to 
 if fix thus much upon Mr. Tiercies 
 udgemen^but onely to averre,That 
 he Primate at his laftin this particufo** 
 lifTered not from what he had de- 
 :lared formerly , which the former 
 ra<Sfcate,l tuppofejWillconflrmjnow 
 lubhftied *, hht not relolved on, 
 vhen this was firft written. 
 . That which he faith, is the fumme 
 fwhat he hadfaid, viz. That the reve- 
 end Primate did conform bit jndge~ 
 
 F ment 
 
66 An anfioer tofome exceptions 
 
 ment to all the fathers of the Chunh for 
 the firft four Centuries after ChriSt, 
 This he might averre without any 
 relation to thefe points in contro- 
 vert , it being the term , or vhere Y 
 - abouts, which he accepts of in his 
 anfwer to the. Jefuit Maknes Chal- 
 lenge in the juftifying , or condem? 
 ning thofe twelve points of contro. 
 verfie , between m and the Church ty 
 Rome , of which one concerning 
 Freewill is ot this fraitrtdfy, -What 
 the Primates judgement was oJ 
 that, is fumciently declared there 1 
 and he continued in the famewkhjj 
 outiany change the laft time J fa*t| 
 him, by the difcourfe I hadthetjl 
 with him of it : and St. AuguBin I 
 (unlefle we be over-ftrid) may b^ 
 admitted within that compafleE 
 being accounted by the Frimate, a fc, 
 the time when he was confecrated ; * 
 IBifbop) to be but in, Anno 410. ant ^ 
 
 Frofpe ! 
 
from a late change of Opinion. 6? 
 
 Vrofper reckons his death a in 433; 
 being then of age,7$. Before whofo 
 time thefe points were never difcuG 
 fed by the Fathers at htgcfingty, nor 
 determined by them jointly in any 
 Qouncik which Telagiut gave the firft 
 &ccaflon of ; and 'tis known that 
 cheDodrineof Sz.Jugufiitieaga'm{i 
 him is inclined unto, and defended 
 by thetPrimatein his works. 
 , And, tofay ho more , the ^Articles 
 if {Religion, Agreed upon by the 
 ArchJBijhop and B//&opf ,an4 the reft 
 of the Clerg}tf Ireland 9 'm the Convo* 
 union hokbfijat Dublin, Anno 161 f* 
 which fully determine and declare 
 ill thofc points accordingly; he had 
 hen the honour to be appointed by 
 he Spade as a principal perfori to 
 Iraw them .'up j NowthelafttimeiZ 
 aw him ( which was after tbae 
 pretended Teftimony ofrhe v>iu 
 tejfes of kit change y either in publick 
 F % or 
 
6 8 A (vindication of the Primate 
 
 or private) he did fully confirm and 
 commend them to me to be heeded 
 and obierved by me as thtfummaty 
 of kit judgement in thofe and other 
 fubje&s, of which I have faid fome 
 what more,elfewhere. 
 
 That of Mr. fiercies drawing in 
 more to bear him company , ov^; 
 King James y Bi/bop Andrews, Me* 
 Unttbon, m their changes alio for the 
 better, as he is pleafed to determine, 
 doth not concern me to take notice 
 of: onelyif he have found it as their 
 laft Will and Teftament in thcic 
 works , he (hall bu&Cbatitahfy me 
 ftoufe his own word*) if he Ihould 
 be miilaken i but no fuch matter ap* 
 pears here, as to the <?/*/*»*?<?. 
 
 In a word 9 1 cannot but profelle 
 my rejj>>£b to Mr/Tierce, both for his 
 own worth , as the great efleem 
 which in this Toftfcript (more 
 then in his former book) he hath 
 
 ex- 
 
from a late change of Opinion. 
 expreifed of this Eminent Primate, 
 and can eafily believe he would ac- 
 count it a reputation to his opinion, 
 that his might patronise ic , by the 
 great eitecm had of him in all parts 
 of the reformed Church , both for 
 his learning and piety j and I have fo 
 much Charity as co believe that this 
 error is more to be imputed to his 
 informers than bimfslf, and if I were 
 known to him I would advife him 
 not to infift any farther in it,it being 
 by thefc ieveral circumftances fo im» 
 probable; but, according to his own 
 ingenuous oficrjomake an ample Jaz 
 tufatlion , and what he hath fo 
 highly extolled in the Primate to 
 have been his glory and honour in pre- 
 ferringtruth before en 01 * 5 in that his 
 mppolcd imaginary retra&ationj 
 may without offence return thtap- 
 plication to himfelf • which, with all 
 prudent men, will be much more t 
 
 F % his 
 
7o A Vindication of the Primate 
 
 his own commendation , and though, 
 according to his profe/Iion,he be in- 
 nocent , as to any voluntary injury 5 
 thinking be did God and bim good 
 fervke : yet it being a wrong in it 
 felf, will dcFerve lomcAptlugy, 
 
 And, indeed, it will be hard for any 
 prudent impartial man to believe 
 That what the Vrimate upon mature 
 deliberation and long ftudy for fa 
 many years had profclTed in the 
 Pulpit, and at the Vreffe } he fhould 
 be fo foon/baken in minde^ as,without 
 any convincing force of argument 
 from any-other, that is known, at 
 once renounce all he had formerly 
 (aid, and draw a crojjeline over all fee 
 had Torote . and that in aSermomnot 
 made oipurpofe for that end/ which 
 had been very requifite, and which 
 muft have been of too narrow a lis 
 mit in relation to fo many Subjects 
 here intimated) butonelyasonthe 
 
 bye; 
 
jroma tate change oj vpiwm< jt 
 
 tyeilfay, when his Dorks wherein 
 he is clearly feen and largely de- 
 clared, with 4 cloud of ear wttnejfes 
 for many years,both rn publick and 
 private,confirming his conftancie in 
 thefti, through the diverfe changes 
 of the times to his laft, fhall be pro- 
 ceed and laid in one baUmce , And 
 a fey? witneiTes of fome ffto pafe 
 fages at one Sermon , who in a 
 :roud might be miftaken $ and the 
 ipter to be Co , by the intercft of 
 their own opinion . put into the 
 fiber i will not all unbyalTed perfons 
 caft the Errata into the latter? I 
 liall conclude with a courie corn- 
 dement to your feifjThat I ha ve not 
 thus appeared for your fake, to 
 whom I am a jkanger , nor out of 
 any oppojition- to Mr. Tierce , who 
 appears to me to be a perfon of *x>a~ 
 lue: but onely out of my duty and 
 high account , I muft ever have 
 F 4 of 
 
ft A mndication of we .rrtmate&G. 
 
 of the memory of that judiciot 
 boly and eminent Trimate : and fo 
 commit you to Gods protection 
 and dire&ion, and reft, 
 
 Your ajfured friend, 
 
 Gr ayes Inne June 
 10. 1657. 
 
 .: 
 
 K Bernard, 
 
 ■■' ■ 
 
 A 
 
75 
 
 A 
 
 Learned Letter of the late 
 Arch-Bifhop of Armagh to 
 Dr.Typiffe, concerning the 
 Sabbath , and obfervation 
 of the Lords day. 
 
 Worthy Sir, 
 
 Our Letter of the firft of 
 February came unto my 
 hands the feventh of <A- 
 pril, but, my journey to 
 luVin following thereupon , and 
 ny long ftay in the Citie, (where 
 hemultiplinity otmy publick Scprfe 
 mte employments would fcarce af* 
 brd me a breathing time) was men- 
 
 Eat / was forced to defer my attfieer 
 ereunto , untill this fhorttime of 
 ny retiring into the Countrey: 
 J?here,bcing nowabfenc alfofrom 
 
 my 
 
7 4 yftbe $ abbatb and 
 
 my Library : I can rather fignifie uri 
 toyou,how fully Iconcurre in judge 
 mcnc with thofe grounds , whicr 
 you have fo judicioufty laid in this 
 queftion of the Sabbath, than affon; 
 any great help unto you in thi 
 building, which you intend to raifi 
 thereupon, For when 1 gave m] 
 felfunto the reading of the Fathers 
 /took no heed unto any thing thai 
 concerned this argument : as littl< 
 dreaming that any fiich cotitrovefii 
 would have arifen among ust Yei 
 generally / do remember that th< 
 word Sdbatbum in their writing 
 doth denote our Saturday: althougi 
 by Analogy from the manner d 
 fpeech ufed by the Jews, the term b, 
 fometimes transferred to denoti 
 our CbnfianfiftivitiesdCoito Siti 
 inondm the Jefuite obferveth ,out d 
 Sidonim ApQinaru, (lib.!. Epift. *j 
 where, deferibing the moderatibi 
 
obferVatio?i of the Lords day. 75 
 
 the Table of Tbeodorick,King of 
 tC/othes upon the Eves , and the ex- 
 fle on the Holy day following ; he 
 riteth of the one , that his convivi- 
 % diebm profeftis fimle privato eft , 
 it of the other* I)e luxu auttm Mo 
 bbatario narrationi me* fuperfeden- 
 
 !m eft> qui nee latentes poteU latere 
 fottOJ. Andbecaufethc^pw^ofthe 
 urth Commandment pointeth at 
 e Sabbath, as it was in the firft in- 
 tutionjthefeventh day from the 
 reation; therefore they held that 
 iciftians were not tied to the ob- 
 •vance thereof* Whereupon you 
 ay oblerve, that St. Auguftin in bis 
 xulum (in operum tomo $°.) purs 
 fely fele&ing thofe things which 
 pertained unto us Qjriftiansidodk 
 loly pretermit that precept, in the 
 :itall of the Commandments of 
 e Decalogue* Not becaufe the 
 jftance of the precept was abfo- 
 
 lutely 
 
7 6 OftheSabbatband 
 
 /#te?yaboli(hed:but becaufe icw 
 * y id Augu. - m f omc p arts nc ld co be * ceremoni 
 in ffmim. & the time afterwards was chang 
 in the ftate ot the New Teftamei 
 from the je^entb co the firft day. 
 the week : as appearech by the A 
 thorof the 2.5 Sermon , de Tempt 
 (in io° tomoOperumJitgufiini') ai 
 that place of Atkanafiw in bomil, 
 jemente } where he mod plain 
 faith,touching the Sabbath, iMfoJ 
 
 KCgiQ- T»r to <ra.G'&Tq n/atjar lit rit xv?icti 
 
 Whereupon Qtfariw Ardatenfis 
 his twelfth homily , doubted notj 
 preach unto the people, Verc du 
 Fratres, fatudurm & prope nin 
 impium eft , ut ChriUuni non habec 
 re"psrent'iam diet Dominico, quamjtu 
 obfervare njider.tur in Sabbato , & 
 Charles the Great in his Laws, I 
 keth it for gran ted, that our obf< 
 ration of the Lords day is found 
 upon the &»«&«• of the fourth Cor 
 
 man 
 
Vb[erVOtien of we Lords day. 77 
 
 landment. Siatmmt (faith he] t 
 libro i°. Capitularium , cap. 81.) [e- br^%M%. 
 indumqwd & in lege Dominut prece- 
 lt t ut operaferYtlia diebus Dominicit 
 m agantur ; fcut <sr bon* memorise 
 initor meus infuu Synodalibus ediftis 
 landayit : And Lotharius'likewife, 
 \legibus AUmannorum^tituU $8. *Die * tbid - p s k- 
 iominico nemo opera (erYilU praju- 
 iat facere : quia hoc lex prohibuit j o* 
 ura fcriptura in omnibus contradict*. 
 accommodating the Law of God 
 iuching the Sabbath unto our ob- 
 srvation of the Lords day, by the 
 If fame Analogic 5 that theChurch 
 f 'England now doth in her publick 
 rayer : Lord baVe mercie upon us,an4 
 xUne our hearts to keep this LaTo. 
 
 The Jews commonly hold two 
 lings touching their Sabbath $ as 
 HetiaJ[es r Ben Ifrael ttieweth in his 
 ghth Probleme, de creathne^hich 
 spubli{hedat*/4w/?*r<k»i the laft 
 
 year. 
 
78 Of the Sabbath and 
 
 year. Firft,that the obfervatioj 
 
 thereof was commanded onel; 
 
 whether unt0 tne * Jf^eUks, (where he fpeak 
 
 oraJfn lyt i' et h alfo of the feven precepts of th 
 
 were tied fons of Ifyab ; which have need t< 
 
 | hs33°in" be taken in a large extent 3 if we wil 
 
 KwS d , have all the duties that the Heathei 
 
 sed« cdw3, were tied unto Vto be comprifet 
 
 edition. therein.) Secondly , that it was ofc 
 
 ferved by the Patriarchs, before th 
 
 coming out of £ppt , For that the 
 
 the obfervation began , or that th 
 
 Jfraelites were brought out of B 
 
 gypt, or the Egyptians drowned uf 
 
 on the Sabbath 5 1 fuppote our goo 
 
 friend Mr, Meade will not be abl 
 
 I tkhDnuu. to evince , either out of b Deut.^ 
 
 I Ii - r. or out of any other Scripture what 
 
 focver. And the Tcxtfienefi:^. (a 
 
 you well note) is fo clear for tfe 
 
 ancient inftitution of the Sabbatri 
 
 and fo fully vindicated by D. Riyt 
 
 from the exceptions of Gomarut 
 
 thi 
 
oo} ervanon qj jvc uoras aay, v$ 
 
 mtrus 5 that I fecnoreafon in the 
 irth why any man fliould make 
 aubt thereof - efpecially contider* 
 igwithall, that the very Gentiles, 
 ath civil andbarb&ow, both and- 
 tt and of later iday es , as it were by 
 i univerfal kindjof twditian, retain-, 
 I the diftin&ionot xhcjftmbges 
 l tht week, which \i Dr. #9% 
 id read 5 fa well proved as it is, by 
 foetus and Salmafius ,hc would not 
 ive madefuch a conclufion as he 
 aith:that becaufe the Heathen (of 
 e four great Mwarchies atleafi) bad pj'* Vj.** «jj 
 ndiflinBion of*weeks- 9 tfanforeibeyw* ^ 
 uld offeree no fnbbatbiVvhercas ho 
 light have found , that the diftin* 
 ion of the dayes of the week did 
 zchetiamad ipjos ufque Sauromatas, 
 >r even of the Shrpomans thtnr- 
 es (while they yet continued in 
 ir ancict Vagam(me:i)ifos w riteth 
 'Imoldus 3 Chronic. Slavor. lib. i. 
 
 ca P; 
 
So OftheSabbatband 
 
 cap 84* IBie fecund* fer U populustei 
 r<e, cum fiamine is? regulo , convenl 
 folebant propter judicia \ the fam 
 ordef of the dayes of the week bein 
 retained by them, which Theophilt 
 the old 2MJbop ofjintioch noteth t 
 have been obferved by all mat 
 kinde. "tv h b (faith he, lib. 2, . ad Jt 
 
 tolyCUm) *j*t\} rniiCfowis i(iis*<, w wtt 
 <m$"ECfttioi{ % kxahttu vdCCctnr'EKKnwl if pirn 
 
 ,iwicjb(ti( (confounding as jt feemet 
 row with pu as alio doth Latlantiu 
 
 C«w/ ^iv , «/>• & ft- a'ttiai Kd.\Z<ri r £-Jiti\ ix. 3 
 
 r*rwr. Wherewith we may joy nth 
 other place of Johannes Philop 
 lifts y «fc* y ■KowroUs Lib, J- Qap*'ui 
 
 Ejc*Tvo yifirir ovpirifuvhis* m<rt* ctrSpavoif , i; 
 f*5r«{ HvoLtnt tiy&fcif &i tins i's* Iwrcif aVctitux? 
 
 F*'*' tb> oAoy ,«£« a^oror. who, Will 
 
 fhewing the caufe thereof, thi 
 fhatsupthc whole work. ms»@- « 
 
objeripationof the Lords day.* gi 
 
 We fee it *almoft generally , obfer^ * rti^ 
 red in ail Nations, though never fo £S.Tfc{ 
 ar diftant, and Grangers one to an= e / h here m 
 
 r>. L • J ■ / Jquare'.nomor 
 
 >tner 9 that in their reckoning of'^' '* *»*■ 
 sJunbers, when they come to r^ '«(«»?? ' 
 hey return to their Addition of i..*. {$£,•££ 
 ind 5. again. If it mould be tj$!w*««^ 
 Handed, how they did all come to 
 gree upon this kinde of Aritbme- 
 ick; and not (omc place their pe- 
 iod at 8. fome at 12,. fdme a c 15. i 
 iippofe this could not be better re- 
 vived, than by faying they had this 
 iy tradition from the forf Fathers 
 hat lived before the difyerfion ; and 
 bat this is not an improbable cvu 
 tnce of that truth propounded by 
 ic KApo&le unro the Tbilofophsrs of 
 Sfortj , A&s 17,26. that God fttafe 
 f o«* blond aO Nation t of men id 
 mil on all the face of ths Earth. 
 
 n HoW 
 
 Vj 
 
How much more when we findi 
 
 a far greater agr-eme it among tto 
 
 Nations^ in the computation of th 
 
 (even dayes of the week (the (el 
 
 fame day, which is accounted th 
 
 "fir& by one , being in like manne 
 
 reckoned To by aU- } Notwirhftand 
 
 in<* i that great Va> iety of differences 
 
 which is betwixt them in the 01 
 
 define of their pars and monahs: 
 
 how much more ftrongly , I fa) 
 
 may we conclude from hence, tha 
 
 the tradition of the feventh da 
 
 was not of Mtfes , but of the Fa 
 
 tbers, and did not begin with th 
 
 Comnon wealth of lfrasl , but wa 
 
 derived unto all Nations by line; 
 
 defcent from the Sons of '% ! > ? 
 
 Add hereunto chat thofv Heathen 
 who wnere flrangers from tr: 
 Common-wealth of lfrael , thoug 
 they made not the feventh day 
 FeftiValSLS the JtWs did, yet did th 
 
 attnbu 
 
attribute {omeboline[fetoit, &gave 
 it a peculi.ir honour above the otbir 
 doses of the week ; wherein they re- 
 (at n ed fo m e \elk K < , an d p t e fcr ved 
 ftill fo me clear foot flips of thefirft: 
 inftitution. Qynethrn pttpuli J^JXlSl 
 * olim. hhh J-i(epbit5 (fub.fin. lib. 2.. i*fro«bjr« 
 contra Apion ) multum noflran^invcm^u. 
 
 1 i n • • llJ - The 
 
 pietahm jMulantur : neqtts ejt cil>it(U,oreek,s.'o 
 Grtcorwn uHa ufquamaut ^Barbaros ^ 9 fJl* -^ 
 rum, nee u'Upens^adquamfepumanx^ *** <" A(S 
 w qu.t ^VJtcamtn^confuetudo mmme «?« »% »* 
 ^W event % ji)untaque <L7 caiaelabra *rwiv, t 
 a-csnfa , &c. of which Rite of^,'^ 
 lighting of Candles , or Lamps raz ^|'^^f 
 ther mention alfo is made by Seneca w* «*) 7 
 in his 95 th . Epiitle- Mcendsre ai- $&> TW * «. 
 £«d»» lucertwtifabbatbisprohibeamuS', %£&**} 
 quonim nee Umvie Vti event , &f we *■*•*«»•* 
 homines quidem deutlantur fmgtne.hi^w & 
 And by Tertuflian lib. 1 <*</ Nationes, ^.tTw* 
 cap 15. where he noteth alfo thofe $*£j£ 
 ;obethe Sabbaths obferved by the w ^n- 
 G 2, Nations 
 
84 Of we Sabbath, ana 
 
 Nations , faying thus unto them. 
 §ujfolem %$ diem ejus nobisexprobia- 
 tu agnofcite rvic'tnitatem • Non longi 
 aSatumo '& Sabbatis PESTRlS 
 funtuSy wherein though their devo- 
 tion were fomewhat like unto that 
 of the lews, (which is all that thofe 
 words of lojephm do import i MuU 
 tun nofiram pietatem *mulantur y ) 
 yet that it Was not done by any late 
 imitation of them , or with any rela- 
 tion at all to their obfervance * that 
 other place of TertuOian doth feemi 
 to evince, in the 16 th . Chapter of 
 his Apologeticum. fcqui fi diem* 
 filis UiitUindulgemus , alia longl ra 
 tionequ&mreliyone fblu. (ecurido leco 
 ab eiijumus qui diem Saturni otio iff 
 miBu'i decernunt exorbhantes & ipft a 
 
 llponthefe <-e j ' * • 1 j 
 
 *o words i fudaico more y quern ignorant- And 
 
 round the 
 trcngth of 
 he Arg iment : which will hold, notwithftanding the correction of Got- 
 
 freJw, out ot- that in libro , i.ad AVfiflnw, cap.i J. Jggod quidem facitit 
 xorbitantes fa ipfi i veftrk ad alienas rtliponts. 
 
 thai 
 
obferVation of the Lords day. $5 
 
 :hatthey did not celebrate their Sa~ 
 tyrdayes, with that folemnity where- 
 with thcmfclves did their annual 
 : cftivities, or the Jews their weekly 
 Sabbaths,may appear by the words 
 afthis fame Author, in the 14 th . 
 Chapter of his book de Ido'olatria, 
 hus fpeaking unto the Chriftian, 
 [who obferved 51, Lords dayes eve* 
 ry year ; whereas^U the annual fes 
 [tivities of the Pagans put together, 
 did come (hort ot fifty*) Etbntcit [e- 
 
 6 el annum dies quifquefe(lui eft s tibi 
 lioTPO quoque die- Excerpe Jingulas 
 "olemnitates nationum , &f in ordkem 
 '.exe j Tentecoften implere non poteruntl 
 And yet, as I laid, that they account- 
 ed Saturday more holy , and requi- 
 ring more refpect from them than 
 :he other ordinary dayes o f the 
 week j mav be feen by that oiTibuU 
 m t c7<g.$. lib- 1- 
 
 G 5 Jut 
 
8$ Of the Sabbath, and 
 
 Am egofum cauj Utus ayes , autom'tna 
 
 dira 
 SfMrni SACRA metenuiffedie, 
 
 Imt, Ludan. And that of Lucian, * in his 4w«*o- ' 
 E ?Wr. fI- >'«*.» of boyes getting leave to play 1 
 
 fridiw t touching Alex mderSey ems, 
 ufing to go unto* the Capitols and 
 6:hcr Temples } upon the [e~»entb day. 
 Whersunto we may add thofe ver- 
 fes of the ancient Greek ( Pcetr i al- 
 Ieidgcd by Qtmens Alexandrinus, 
 (lib. ) .Stromat.) and Eufebius (lib.i^ 
 r Pr<eparat, Evangelic. ) which plainly 
 (hew that they were not ignorant, 
 that the works of Creation were 
 finiflied on thefevenrhday, for fc 
 much doth that \ct(e qi Ltnui 
 intimate. 
 
 'tCM 
 
obfervation of the Lcrds day. 87 
 
 'EC h\MTt fin nTnihiirfiAnt m*T* •nitfit-va. 
 
 Jidthatof Bom.r. 
 tfdchat ofQaUimacbus. 
 
 The Ifraelite s,by the Law of hhfes, 
 yerc not oncly to obiervc their 
 veekiy Sabbath every feventh day, 
 ut alio their feaft of weeks once in 
 ic year : Which although by the 
 mlgar ufs of the leVifb nation ic 
 i^y now fall upon any day of the 
 veek , yet do the Samaritans untill 
 his day conftantly obferve it on 
 be fir ft day of the week , wr.ich is 
 mr Sunday, For which they pro* 
 luce the LetteroftheLaw^L^v^.ij. 
 jj » 6. where the feafl of the firfl 
 ruits (otherwife called fetttec >/?, or 
 hefeaft of weeks) is prefcribed to be 
 G 4 kept 
 
SS Of the Sabbath ,and 
 
 kept the morrow after the feVentb 
 
 Sabbath ; which not they onely, but 
 
 alfo amonsli our Chriftian Jntcr-; 
 
 prefers^ J[ycbiw and Qtypcrtus do 
 
 interpret to be the firjl day of the 
 
 |5r!«r'? weck * TtanwihithlfokiMSyLegifi 
 
 M Lidya: de Jator inttntionem [nam demon/tme Vo- 
 
 ? «,v,cap.j. lens , at? altera die ^abbatt memeran 
 
 pr^cp pit qui xquaginta dies : DomintcuW 
 
 diem pro-'uldubio molens intelligi. 
 
 Hie mim eft altera dies Sabbati, (in bkc 
 
 enim rejumftio faff a ett) quahebdo-: 
 
 m.td<6 numsrantur feptempfqueadalte-i 
 
 rum dkm exp'etionu hebdomad*. T>os 
 
 mink a rwfus die Ventecoftes celeb >r a- 
 
 mus jcfiiVitatem/w qua Santti Spirit 
 
 i cor, ft Mi tus adventum* mcruh.us. Where youi 
 
 jmljiwMfi* may obferve by the way , that al- 
 
 xtmmJ though this Author made a little 
 
 bold to ftrain the (ignification of' 
 
 altera dies Sabbathi, (which in SMcfet 
 
 denoteth no more than the marrow 
 
 after the Sabbath-) y^themakcth no 
 
 (cruplc 
 
Vbjervau&noj we Lords day* *9 
 
 fcruplc to call the day of Chrifts 
 Helurrec~tion another Sabbath-day, 
 uintheCouncel of frtrfi alto JlfijSjgS* 
 yearly miftakenot the matter) you 
 (hall rlnde Saturday cailed by the 
 name of Sabbatum nltlmum y and the 
 Lords day of Safrbatum pmum, 
 'with fome allulion perhaps to 
 that of St. Ambroje, in T/al. 47. Vbi 
 Dominica dies ctpit prtcelltre , qua Vo- 
 minus rejurtc %tt ; Sabbatum , qw>d pri • 
 fnwn eratfecundum baberi c<epu a pri- 
 po,) not much unlike unto that, 
 which Dr. t Beylin himfelf notethtPart.i.cap.i 
 out of Scat'ger ot the JEthiopian ?ig ' l9t% 
 Chriftians » that they call both of 
 them by the name of Sabbaths : the 
 one the firft, the other the later Sab- 
 bath ; or in their own language, the 
 one Sanbatb Sacbrifios. (1 e.) Chrifts 
 Sabbath, the other Sanbatb Iudi , or 
 the Jews Sabbath. 
 
 But touching the old PenkcoU it 
 
 is 
 
50 Of the Sabbath ^and 
 
 is very confiderable 5 that it is no j 
 wherein Mfesaf/ixed into any one 
 certain day of the monech, as all the 
 reft of the fcafts arerwhichisavery. 
 great prefumpnovi 9 that it was a 
 I Ag«nftDo- moveable feait, and fo * Twi#/,thati 
 ««.?«' i. lt m 'g nt alwayes fall upon the dan 
 H-H- immediately following the ordinas 
 ry Sabbath And if God fo order 
 the matter, that in the celebration of 
 the/eaB of fbeeks the feventh day 
 fhould purpofely be puffed oVer f and I 
 thatfolcmnity fhould be kept upon 
 the jirll • what other thing may we 
 imagine could be prasfignified 
 thereby, but *hat under the State of 
 the GojpiUhe folemnity of the week- 
 ly (ervice flfioiild be celebrated upon 
 that day ? That on that day the fa- 
 mous Pentecoftin the 2- ofthe^ABs 
 wasobfervedjs in a manner gene- 
 rally acknowledged by a\\: wherein 
 the truth of all chofe that went be- 
 fore 
 
Ohfarvation of the Lords day. 91 
 
 ore being accomplished , wc may 
 >bferve the type and the <v*rity , con- 
 :urring together in a wonderfull 
 nanner. At the time of the Pafle- iCor.f.7. 
 )ver Qhrifl our Tajje o^er wasflain 
 or us : the whole Sabbath following 
 le refted in the^ra'p*?. The next dcy 
 iftcr that Sabbath, the">^p , or fheaf Levk - l 3 I0 » 
 
 IX* 
 
 Df the jirtt fruits off/;*? firfl (or bar- 
 ley) Harveft was offered unto God . 
 md Chrift rofefrom the dead 3 and 
 xcame the firjl fruits of them that ■ c*«m*. 
 lept 5 many bodies of the Saints that Mat h. i7 u, 
 
 ^anfinglikewife after him From [Jin,™.** 
 hence was the count taken of the 
 even Sabbaths s and upon the mor- 
 
 ovv after the 7 th . Sabbath (which 
 was our Lords day) was celebrated 
 the feaft of weeks, the day of the 
 firft fruits of the fecond (ox wheat) NuD ] b - iSl ^ 
 
 r , * n 1-111 a Exod. 34.21. 
 
 Harveit:upon which day the Apo- 
 ftli s having themftlves received the 
 firfl fruits cf the fpirit, begat three 
 
 thoufand 
 
p% Of the Sabbath, and 
 
 thoufand Souls with the "toord of. 
 truth , and prefented them as the 3 
 
 A f VaVij?' fir (I fruits oftheCkiUian Church untoi^ 
 
 RcV. 1V4. * God , and unto the Lambe, And* 
 
 from that time forward doth WaU 
 
 . Aenfis note that the Lords day watf 
 
 obferved in the Chriftian Church 
 
 < in the place of the Sabbath. Quja 
 
 inter kgalu (faith he) tunc fubiuta 
 Sabbaticuflodiafuit unum planum eU 
 
 Thom.wai- tunc intr*jfe Vominicam loco ejus ificufi 
 
 mi. To°m.3. Saptifma ftatim loco Circumcifioniri 
 Tk.K.c.140. ^ dhuc mim f u p er $ es erat f an ft uf 
 
 Joannes, qui dicer et ' Et fui in ipirittf 
 die Dominica , Apocal. 1. cwm de 
 Dominic* die ante Chrifti Refwreblio? 
 new nullaprorfw mentio baberetur- Sed 
 ftat'tm poft mifsionem Spiritus fancli, 
 lege m"pa fulgente, in humano culm 
 fublatum eft Sabbatunt; tydiesVom- 
 nktf RefwrccHonf^ clarefcebat Domi- 
 nica. 
 R.ev«i.7.i©. The (Rey elation exhibited unto 
 
 St. John 
 
vt/jcj vanvn vf iv e uvrm uuj. yy 
 
 \ John upon the Lords day , is by 
 reruew (in his fifth book) referred 
 into the Empire of Dotuitian, or, as 
 t.Hierome in his Catalogue more 
 •articularly doth exprcfTe it , to the 
 f h . yeare of his Reigne : Which 
 nfwereth partly to the 45 th . and 
 artly to the 95 th . year of our Lord, 
 ccording to our vulgar computa- 
 ion j and was but ii« oru.yeares 
 lefore the time when Ignatius did 
 vrite his Epiftles, Of whom then 
 aould we more certainly learnc, 
 vhat the Apoftle meant by the 
 jords dayman from Ignatius ? who 
 vas by the Apoftles themfelvcs or-Aasn.i*. 
 ained Bifhop of that Church, 
 therein the Difciples were firft cal- 
 :d Cbrifliatts *. & in his Epiftle to the 
 Aagnefians clearly maketh the Lords 
 } ay to be a weekly holy day , ob- 
 erved by £hrittians, in the room of 
 he abrogated Sabbath of the lens : 
 
 than 
 
than which, can we defiremore? 
 But here you are to know , befidc, 
 the common edition, wherein he 
 genuine EpiUles of Ignatius are fowly; 
 deprav;d by a number of beggarly 
 patches added unto his purple by, 
 later hands ; there is an acient Lath 
 tranflation to be found in the Libra-, 
 ry of Caies Colledge in Cambridge 
 which,althoughit be very rudc,an 
 corrupt both in many other, and i 
 this very fame place alfo of the 
 Epiftle to the Magnefians ,- yet is in 
 free ftom ihckadditaments, and in 
 many refpe&s to be preferred before; 
 the common Greek Copy, as wel( 
 becaufe it agreeth with the Citatia 
 on s of Eufebius, Jtbanafius^nd Iheoi 
 doretiSc hath the fentences vouched 
 by them out of Ignatius (and parti 
 cularly that of the Eufbarift , in the 
 Epiftle to the Smyrnians ) which are 
 not at all to be found in our Greek 
 
 and 
 
opj erva iwn oj we uoras aay» y$ 
 
 and hath in a manner none of all 
 thole places in the true Epiftles of 
 ^gnatim , againft which exception 
 bath been taken by our Divines: 
 which addech great ftrength to 
 thole exceptions of theirs , and 
 ftieweth that they were not made 
 without good caule. Now in this 
 Tranflation there is nothing to be 
 foundtouching the Sabbath and the 
 Lords day in the Epiftle to the 
 cMagnejians, but thele words onely. 
 Nonampliusfabbati^anUs i fed fecun- 
 dum Domini cam y'foentes , in p,C? 
 >vita noflra orta eft ; whereunto tbefc 
 of our common Grei k may be made 
 anlwcrable. Mum it <rac:ar;&iJ.tv, *'^' 
 
 » . ■, , > «, ... , . y , . « , . * It may be 
 
 * to{iv^a>{J.iv 7U0 Kvf i«jcmi>c* n tgx n Qmti nixa>p a.n- the three firff 
 
 TUMl 
 
 all thole other words alkadged SI 
 by Dr. Berlin, (part- 2.pag. 4 j.) to l™ 1 *^ 
 prove that Jgnatius would have py> whkh ^ 
 both the Sabbath and the Lords day fed ; & then* 
 obferved, being afterwards added ca his 
 
 by 
 
 vehtes. 
 
by fbme later Grecian- who wafc 
 afraid that the cuftome of keeping 
 both dayes obferved in his tim-c 
 ihould appear otherwif'e to be dire-, 
 &ly oppofke to the Cent: nee of Igna^ 
 */»j, whereas his main intention wasj, 
 to oppofe the Ebionites of his owae j 
 time : who , as Eufebius witneflfeth,, 
 in the third book of his Ecclcfiaftif, 
 cal Hiftory, did both keep the «Sab^ 
 bath with the Jews ,and alfo w S x ». 
 
 «»7»j(8 <tw*Vts.$ ti'ahc By whofe imi- ac- 
 tion of the Church herein, the anti-j 
 qjity of the obfervation of the 
 Lords day may be further confirm* 
 ed : Ebioa being known to have been 
 St, <~P.tufs Antagomjl ; and to have gi- 
 ven out of himfelf 5 that he was one 
 of thofe that brought the prices dj 
 tbtir goods 3 and Width •em doTtn at the 
 tAftftles feet : as the univerfality ol 
 the observance may be gathered by 
 
 the 
 
Obfenation of the Lords day. 97 
 
 he argument drawn from thenceby 
 %Jebius (cowards the end of his O- 
 'ation of the praifes ofConflantine) 
 o prove the pre eminencie of our 
 layiour Chrift, above all the Gods 
 Sf the Heathen : becaufe this prc- 
 cript of his touching the celebrati- 
 on of this day was admitted & fub- 
 nitted unto 5 not within the Domi- 
 tions ofConftantine onely , but alfo 
 hroughout the compafle of the 
 »bole world. * §}£is n- (faith he) * t<V nit 
 'unfit* totius orbit terrarum incolit.feuw? .«**■< 
 eu mariilli Rnt , pr^cripferit ut™$ ™ ***£ 
 ingults Jepumanu m unum corCPzmeri.-n k*tJ si- 
 ts dism Votnh.uumfejitm cekbrarexP, T/^lct^ 
 nUituentque ut ficut corpora fajcerent ^^'»££ 
 ibariis.ftcammos Diyinis Vifciplinu *&**> »m* 
 'ejicerent i >«» m -*& 
 
 yatsft/aste' X& 
 
 H We 
 
o 8 Of the Sabbath, and 
 
 We fee then that the Doctrine,-; 
 which the true Igvatiut received 
 immcdiatly from the hands of the 
 Apofxles , was the very fame with , 
 that was delivered by the Fathers 
 of the Councel otLaodicea , about 
 2,50 years after, (for the proofs pro - 
 I duced by the Authors, to whom. 
 
 D. white, my * Lord of Eli, pag. j\. refer 
 reth us , for having it to b 
 held before the fitft Nicene 9 are 
 nothing worth*) Non oportet 
 Qhriftia nos Judai^are &r\ in Sab* 
 bxtbo otiari ; fed ip/os eo die operariy 
 diem aufem dominicum p?<eferentes oti • 
 ari ( ft midoposfint ) ut Qhriflianosi 
 the contrary whereunto Pope Gre-} 
 g<ry.tbefirft (in Regiftr* lib, n, E-l 
 pift'l. eHeemeth to be the Doctrine] 
 of the Treacher saf Antic brift-, qui ye»- 
 niens t diem Dominicum I? Sabbatum ak 
 omni op re faciet cuflodiri: which 
 my Lord of Ely , (pag. 119.) rcn- 
 
 drethj. 
 
obferVation of the Lords day, pp 
 
 ireth . upon the old Sabbath-day , or 
 port the Sunday : by a ftrangc kinde 
 »f miftake turning the copulative in- 
 ? a diijuncliy>e. 
 
 H 2, 
 
\ Qo Of the Sabbath, anX 
 
 A Letter of 'DoBorTwifft to 
 
 the LordPrimztc, thanking him for 
 
 the former Letter, & his Book 
 
 de Printordiis , Brit. Ecclef. The 
 
 Hiftcry pf Gotefchalcus , &c. 
 
 where the honour and reffett 
 
 he gives himjs exemplary 
 
 unto o'hers. 
 
 Moft Reverend Father in God, 
 
 IWas very glad to hear of youi 
 Grace his coming over into Eng- 
 land 5 and now I have a fair oppon 
 tunitytoexprcfferny thankfuil ac; 
 knowlcdgcment of that great fa 
 vour wherewith you were plcafec 
 to honour me> in bellowing one o 
 your books upon me, de origin? Bri 
 tajcarumScclejiarum , which I re 
 ceived from Sr. benjamin Rudierd ii 
 your Grace his name, about the em 
 
cbjerVatton of the Lords day. 101 
 
 of Summer laft , wherein I do ob- 
 ferve not onely your great learning 
 and various reading manifested at full; 
 but your {inguteftoi fdom alfo in re- 
 ference to the neceditous condition 
 of thefe times ; taking fo fair an oc- 
 cafion to infert therein 5 the Hifiory 
 of the Pelagian Herejie, to opportu^ 
 nely coming in your way. Your Hi- 
 ftory of Qotefcbalcus was a piece of 
 the Ike nature, which came forth 
 moft leafbnably . we know what 
 meetings there were in London 
 thereupon by fome-, and to what 
 pnd, to relive the reputation of Vof- 
 ftus^ who laboured not a little when 
 jhc was difcovered to have alleadged 
 the confesjion ofTolaginsi for the c on* 
 c esfionof Auftin ' As al(b in fathering 
 Jpon the Adrattetine Monks fiiQ Ori- 
 ginal of the fredeftharian H.refie: 
 [was at that time upon anfwering 
 lorYtnw his defence of Jrrmniut, 
 H 3 and 
 
and had difpatcht one digrefllon 
 upon the fame argument,and in the 
 iiTue concluded that it was but a 
 trick of the Pelagians to caft the 
 Nick name of the fredeBinarian 
 Hsercfie , upon the Orthodox Do- 
 ctrine of St. Aufiine- But upon the 
 coming forth of your Goiefchalcus, 
 I was not onely confirmed therein, 
 but upon better, and more evident 
 grounds, enabled in afecond digrefs 
 fion to meet with the Vitiates of 
 
 i 
 
 who endeavoured to juflifie the 
 conceit of Fmfiut , but upon very, 
 weak grounds. Thus I have ob 
 ferved with comfort the hand ol 
 God to have gone along with your j 
 Grace , for the honouring of the 
 caufe of his truth, in fo precious a 
 point as is the glorie of his Grace. 
 And I nothing doubt, but the fame 
 band ofourgooi Goi will be with ycu 
 ftill, and his wifdom will appear in 
 
 ail 
 
ovj er vaiivn vj in? L-vrus any* IOT 
 
 all things you undertake, whether of 
 your own choife, or upon the moti- 
 on of others : There being never 
 more need of heaikning unco, and 
 putting in practiie cur Saviours 
 rule , Be ye wife as Serpents and m- 
 nocentas Doves And have I not 
 as great caufe to return your Grace 
 mod hearty thanks/or the kind Lets 
 ters I received in anfar to the moti- 
 on I was embcldned to make; had 
 it been butonely to fignifie the great 
 fatisfattion 1 received thereby in divers 
 Particulars , but efpecially in two 
 >rincipal ones; the 00*, the miftery 
 of the fe-fls of fi^fis fruits opened to 
 :he lingular advantage of the honour 
 tfthe Lords day in the time of the 
 Sofpel,r^0f/;£r,in correcting Igna* 
 \im by a Latine Manufcript of Cams 
 ZoUedge •, which fince I have gotten 
 into my hands , and taken a Copy 
 thereof, and have caufed it to be 
 H 4 com- 
 
compared with two other Copies, j 
 Manufcripts in Oxford , the one in 
 Magdalene , the other in 'Bahol Col- 
 ledge Library ; /take no fmall com- 
 fort in the hope I conceive of feeing j 
 your Grace before your departure] 
 into Ireland, I hear of a purpofe your] 
 Grace hath to fee Oxford 3 and abide \ 
 fomecime there, the Lord blefTe you.J 
 and keep you 5 and make his face to 
 fhine upon you, 
 
 Newbury, May 29, 
 
 1640 Yours in all obfer-i 
 
 vznccydefirir.g to (ti 
 at jour Grace hit 
 feet, 
 
 Wilii-mTWifie. 
 
 Mr. Chambers of Clouford by < Bath i 
 hath long ago anfwered Dr. Hey 
 lines Hiftory of the Sabbath, bu 
 knowes not how to have 
 printed. 
 
 A 
 
objerVation of the Lords day. 105 
 
 A QUufe in a Letter of the 
 
 Primates, to Afr.Lcy, 
 
 of the Sabbath* 
 
 FOr mine own part , /never yet 
 doubted, but took it for grant- 
 edjthat as the letting of fome whole 
 day a part for Gods folemne Wor- 
 fliip was Juris T)hini naturalis 3 fo 
 that this folemne day &ould be o r 
 in (even, was juris Divinipojiti* 
 corded in the fourth Command* 
 And iuch a jus Vivinum pofeth 
 here/ mean, as llaptifme and t. 
 Lords Supper arc eftablifhed by 
 which lieth not in the power of an) 
 man, or Angel to change, or alter ; 
 wherein me thinks , your fecond 
 pofition is a little too watcriih/T>/$:. 
 That this Voftfine rather then the con* 
 
 trarj 
 
iu6 ijfwrsavvaw pna Ti 
 
 traryutobe held the Doclrine of the 
 Church of England > And may weQ he 
 gathered out of "her publick liturgy, ami 
 the ffrU part ofthi Homily concerning 
 the place t and time of prayer. Whereas, 
 youffaould have (aid that this is to 
 beheld undoubtedly the Doctrine of 
 the Church of England. For if there 
 could be any reafonable doubt 
 made of the meaning of the Church 
 of England in her ipurgy , who 
 fhould better declare her meaning 
 than herfelf in hex Homily* where ; 
 fhe peremptorily declareth her ' 
 minde. 7 hat in the fourth Command* • 
 mmtGod bath given expreffe charge to 
 all men 9 tfat upon the Sabbath day, 
 "which u noit> our Sunday , they fbould \ 
 ceafe from all weekly and work day 
 labour, to the intent that like at God 
 himfelf wrought fix dqys^andrefled the 
 fiventb t bkffsd and fanftified it t & con- 
 fecrated it torett,and quietnejfe from 
 
 labour, \ 
 
labonr 5 even /o Gods obedient people 
 fbou,a u(e the Sunday holily ■ and reft 
 from their co.nmon, and day y bufimjfe, 
 and alfo give tbemfiives "ftbo'y u 
 heavenly exerc'ifes of Gods true Re 
 gion andfervice ; Than which^vhat 
 could you devifc to fay more your 
 fclf ? For the further maintenance of 
 which Do&rine , / fend you here - 
 with a creatife, written by *a lesrnid Mr^t* <* 
 man (now with God) againft Ibeo- 
 fhiluiBrdurn^ho ga ve'occafioh 
 to theraifmg up of thefe- vnfapjy 
 broils i which, if it may any way- 
 conduce to the furtherance of ycur 
 more exad treatife, <src. I lhajl be 
 very glad,and be ready to y &c f 
 
 Tart 
 
io 8 Of the Sabbath , and 
 
 Part of a Letter of the Pri- 
 mates 3 to an Honourable per/on, 
 not long after the coming fort h of Do- 
 ftorYteyhm book ,«/ the Wftory 
 of the Sabbath, which I found 
 wrote in the fame Paper 
 with theforpter t 
 
 AS for Dr. Beylens * relation ,con- 
 ccrning om Jlr ticks of Ireland, 
 it is much miUaken* For firft where 
 he faith , they did pafle when his 
 Mayflies Commisfioners were im- 
 ploy'd about the fetling of the 
 Church, Anno 1615 and chargeth 
 them with tbifftricl auflerity (as he 
 termeth it) in the prefcript obfervas 
 tion o£ the Lords day , he fheweth 
 himfelf very credulous , there having 
 been no fuch Commiflioners here 
 at that time, and our Articles having 
 been publim'd in Print divers years 
 
 before 
 
objertattonof the Lords day. 109 
 
 before the Commiilioners ( whom 
 he meancth) came hiiher,as Sir Na- 
 thaniel Rich (who was one of them 
 himielf) can fufEcicntly inform 
 you. Secondly, where he faith, he 
 is fure, that till'tbat time the Lords day 
 had never attained Jucb credit as to he 
 thought an Article of the faitbfa fpeaks 
 very inconfiderate'y. He that would 
 confound the ten Commandments 
 (whereof this mull be accounted for 
 one,unle(Te he will leave us but nine) 
 with the Articles of the faith 3 he had 
 need be put to learn his Catcchifme 
 again : And he that would have 
 every thing, which is put into the 
 Articles of %eligion (agreed upon in 
 heSynod/w the avoiding of di<verz 
 *fity of opinions , and for the mainten 
 nance of peace , and uniformity in the 
 r J)urch) to be held for an Article of 
 ■he faith , fhould do well to tell us 
 whether he hath as yet admit- 
 ted 
 
no Oftbs Sabbath, and 
 
 * Theft two r.ed * the 'Book of the ordination ofBi~ 
 "embjw? /hops, and the two volumes of Homilies 
 rtetih^- i ni ° his Ciced , for fure /am he il) all 
 
 ,^ w : y find.: thefc received in the Articles 
 
 ith, m being ._ ,. . . , 
 
 *tUa&tmp f Religion, agreed upon in the Sy- ' 
 m'tbey 'are nod held zt London t tK%2.. To which \ 
 'wjvtot Doctor Heylenhimicii : having fobfl 
 PJ&2J' fctibcdj /wonder how he can op~ 
 [rferrto the qq[ c j; ne conclufion, which he find- 
 /t #» ^ /; eth directly laid down in the Homily ] 
 
 ere a r e Aw? r * « • it • * ** i 3 
 
 •cumftanti or mztime and place of prayer in the t 
 fc'S^i fourth Qommandment , viz CW jtaf£ I 
 »> ^Y gi^ m c% P re lf e charge to all msn that) 
 \y, *««•<*- upon the Sabbath-day, which is nolo our I 
 & tt Jf* Si" SMay (for thefe are the plain words ' 
 feSZirtiofthtjHomly, which the Dr. with I 
 temfaff; "f^w [ lls Sophiftry will never be able ; 
 r m tfe vfew to elude) they /ball ceafefrom all week-* 
 [fSjSS'J /*, <w<J Teeth-day labour , ta *fo intent 
 I mS<£ *^ £ ^ e ^ ^ him felf wrought 6 dayes, 
 p. andreftedtbe-f\andblefjed, andconje-$ 
 
 crated it to quiefcejfe, and reft from ta*\ 
 bmr , eVm Jo Gods obedient peopled 
 
 Should 
 
ot>j ervavon of the Lords day. 1 1 1 
 
 fbould ttfe the Sunday holily , and reft 
 
 from their common and dayly hufnejfe, 
 
 and al/ogivethmfehes wholly to the 
 
 heavenly extrcife of Gods true Religion 
 
 tndfetMtce By the verdid: of the 
 
 Church ol England y /am fure the 
 
 -ords day had obtained fuch a pitch 
 
 )f credit, as nothing more could.be 
 
 efc to the Church of Ireland in their 
 
 Articles, afterward to add unto \v- 
 
 "hirdly, he fhameth not to affirm, 
 
 "hat the vbole TSook of the Articles of 
 
 nlandit now called, in (which is a 
 
 otorious untruth.) And laftly, 
 
 lat the Articles of the Church of En<r- 
 
 wd, were ^.firmed hy Parliament in 
 
 m Khgdom,Armo 16 3 4. where it is 
 
 fell known that they were net fo 
 
 mch as once propounded to either 
 
 loufe of Parliaments or ever intend. 
 
 i to be propounded. The truth is, 
 
 lattheHoufe of Convocation in 
 
 I e beginning of their Canons , for 
 the 
 
IU OftbeSaWawjtna 
 
 the manifeftation of their agreement 
 yeith the Church of England, in the] 
 confefsion of the (aim Chriftian faith, 
 andtbe Voftrine of the Sacraments (as 
 they themfelves profetie) and for no 
 other end in the world , did receive j 
 and approve of the Articles of Eng-\\ 
 land, but that either the Articles of 
 Ireland were ever call'd in, or any 
 Article >ot Canons at all, wereever 
 here confirmed by Ad of Pari*-- 
 menu may well be reckoned among i 
 Dodor Berlins fancies m Which foew| 
 whatiittlecredithedeferves in hi| 
 Geography, when hebripgs usnew| 
 "" of the remote parts of the world J 
 that tells us fo many untruths of 
 things fo lately, and [opuhlickly after* 
 in his Neighbour Nation. 
 
CPjervamnqfweL.9ras aay, u} 
 
 i) 
 
 rf Confirmation of the laU 
 ter clauje in this Letter 
 
 of the Primates, (jrc. that the 
 
 ' Articles cf Ireland (deter- 
 
 .mimng the obfervatien of the 
 
 obfervation of the Lords 
 
 day J were not called in 
 
 H^ylin bath 
 affirmed. 
 
 OSiorHeytin, under the mask 
 of an Qbfervator hath been 
 iready offended with me, forjoyn- 
 ng in a Certificate again ft wh'at he 
 iath related concerning the abro- 
 atlng of the Articles o/lreiand,whicli 
 *as done by the command of this 
 10ft Reverend Primate in his life 
 me , and fincc that, he hath been 
 yich more ; for my laying in his 
 unerall Sermon, Some bad rafhjyaf- 
 med it, and that fomefucb pre fumpii- 
 1 oui 
 
114 Of the Sabbatb^nd 
 
 cmajfertions baVe b&en lately publi/b'dj 
 and (tiling that perfon a prefumptu* 
 cm (I may fay zMouncharitablt) ob. 
 Jervator, that (hould prefume to en. 
 tcr into the L. (primates bread , and 
 aver that the abrogating of them (to 
 ufc his own term) was the caufe ol 
 his carrying a /harp tooth , bearing < 
 grudge (and that a mortal one) to: 
 wards the L. Lieutenant Strafford, 
 The language with which through 
 out he pleafeth himfelf , might haw 
 been eafily returned , but in regaw 
 Inch pen combats are unfeafonabl© 
 and unfitting between thofe o 
 the fame profession ( onely grateful 
 totheadverfary of both) /have lei 
 u to the prudence of a third perfon 
 who hath a csn"Penient opportunity 
 in his Hiltory to clear the whok 
 in the examination and moderatio 
 of all the pailages between Mr. I 
 Strange and him. 
 
 One, 
 
oujervAuon of we L,oras aa^ U $ 
 
 Qnely thus much upon this oc ca* 
 r ton , the obfervator is picafed to 
 5ivc me a fliare in his Title page, cab 
 ing it a refcue from the bmckr 
 Howes of Dr. Bernard 5 Indeed as to 
 neperfon fmitten, if they were any, 
 iiey could be no other Jot he then 
 turned the back and not tbefice, being 
 in Jnonymuij & fo appearing in that 
 ii/guife, I might be excuied as he was 
 :hac fraote a Clergie winding with* 
 aut his Trieflly habit /A man that 
 walks in the dark, may meet with a 
 knock, by foch as mean him m harm, 
 hnd indeed the apprehenfion of the 
 mithours difaffecliott Co much ex<* 
 Wefled to this Eminent, and pious Vrl- 
 nate in the endeavours thus to blez 
 ni/b him, (whom the whole reformed 
 "Jjurcb hath an high efteemof,)gav« 
 tfufpe&ed, both to my felf,and 
 >thers to have been Tome Je/uit , or 
 Agent of theSea /Rome, though as 
 I % yet, 
 
ii$ Of toe Sabbath, and 
 
 yet, not any one (as I hear of) hath 
 tnoved'bis tongue aga'mft that true lira- 
 elite at his £xit hence* and I am lorry 
 to fee his lolc enemies to be tbo[e of 
 hisownboufe, and prof effion. 
 
 But for the confirmation of what is 
 here affirmed by the Primate , that 
 the Articles 0/Ircland were not called 
 in t though his abovementioned Let. 
 ter xsfufficient to all uninterefTed per 
 fbns,yet for the Readers more ful 
 fatisfa&ion, Jfhall give you a brie: 
 Narrative of the whole matter , be 
 ing then a Member of that Convo: 
 cation. 
 
 Firft in the Houfe of the Ckrgte\ 
 which was then in the Cathedral c, 
 St. 'Patricks Dublin, there was a mo 
 tion made for the reception anew o 
 the Articles of Ireland, and all una 
 minous were for the affirmatiye^o 
 ccpting fsw, who went out. Ar 
 other time the whole houfe of th 
 
 Clerg 
 
Obfervation of the Lords day. 1 17 
 
 Clergie being called into the Qujre, 
 where thelb/bjps {ke^nd the lame 
 thing again propounded to them,they 
 all ftuck to their former vote , ex- 
 cepting [even. The intent of the 
 whole Clergie being by this fufEci- 
 ently understood, and it appearing, 
 there was no need of any fuch con- 
 fomation, having been An. 1515s fully 
 and formally eftablifhed, {<viii. 
 igned by Mch Bifbop Jones 9 Chancc 
 our of Ireland, and then Speaker of 
 :he Houfe of the Bilhops in Convo- 
 :-ation ? by the Prolocutor of the 
 Houfe of the Clergie in their 
 names , and figned by the then 
 Lord Deputy Qncbefler , by or- 
 Jcr from King James in his name) 
 hat motion was no more re- 
 lated, oncly the Primate was cons 
 suited with, concerning the a$ro~ 
 ving and receiving of the Articles of 
 \hgland alfo ) to which he readily 
 I j con- 
 
ii s uf tm aowitp, ana 
 
 confented, there being no fubflan- 
 tial difference between them, which 
 he; had jubferibed himfelf volunta- 
 rily , long before in England 9 and 
 conceiving it to be without any 
 prejudiceto the other. 
 
 Hereupon the firfl Canon ( being 
 all that was done in relation tc 
 them) was drawn up , the Primatt 
 approved it, Scpropofed it himfelf (at 
 fprefident of the Synod) in the Houfi 
 of the Biftiops commended it to th< 
 Houfeof theCiergiej where by hi* 
 motion many affented the more reaj 
 dily, they all gave their Votes man k 
 *»d»,excepting oneperfon, who.fui 
 fpended his , out ohhe jufpition thai 
 fome might make that conitruction 
 which is the obfervators conclufion 
 
 Now the chief argument, whict 
 the obfsryator (if /may not call him 
 Ot.Heyltn) fpends himfelf upon, ii 
 from what he hath picked out of th< 
 
 word* 
 
\J%T I V9 W V9W9U 11/ \ 
 
 "J' 
 
 words of the Canon, where they do 
 not onely approve , but receive the 
 Articles of England, from thence he 
 infers afuper inducing of thofcand (o 
 an abrogating of thefe oflreland. 
 
 But Zanfwer, there was not a re- 
 ception of the one inftead of the 
 Other, but the one vpitbtbe other, and 
 iherc being no difference in fuk- 
 (lance, but onely in method number 
 of fubje&s determined , and other 
 circumftantials, it argues no more an 
 abrogation than that doth of the 
 Jpoftlet Creedyby our reception of 
 the Nicene Creed and Atbanafiw's, 
 wherein fome points arc more em 
 Urged, or that the reception into our 
 u(c the form of the Lords Pray*, 
 according to St. Mather, abrogates 
 that of St. Luke, being the /hotter i 
 Neither do /fee, but if for thenianfc 
 feflation of our Vnion with other rez 
 formed Churches, We fliould approve 
 
 I 4 and 
 
and receive their Articles of Religi- 
 on, and they receive ours, it Were no 
 abrogating of eitber\ And the diffe- 
 rence in them being onely in circum- 
 flantiaUt and not in fubitance 9 all 
 might be called one confession ; That 
 as of many Seas one Ocean, of many 
 National Churches one Catbolick 
 Church, fo of many forms of Con- 
 feflions , but one faith amongft 
 them- 
 
 That Argument from the Apoftles 
 fpeech of making <void the old Coi)e> 
 nant by fpeakingofa nsw, or raking in 
 the Jirft day of the week to be the 
 Sabbath , inftead of the laft ,whcn but 
 one of the feven was to be kept,dcth 
 not fit the cafe : for in thefe there 
 was zfuperinduBion , and reception 
 oftheone/<v the other: but in the 
 Canon , the Articles of England arc' 
 received not inftead y but Tbitb thofc 
 pf Ireland. And that it wasthefenfc 
 
 then 
 
vp[ervamn of we Loras day* 1 1 j 
 
 then apprehended, not onely by the 
 Tr'mate^ but by the other Itifbops (at 
 Icaft diverfeof them)appears in this, 
 That afterwards at an Ordination 
 chey took the fubferrption of the par- 
 ty ordained to both Articles, And for 
 further confirmation of this / (hall 
 give you the fence of a mofl eminent 
 learned , and judicious perfon, upon 
 the view of what the objervator re- 
 fcued had written of 'v.J.ba've recei- 
 tt 'Xtd (fayeshe) the book you fent 
 t me , and have perufed it ; / fee he 
 |C will have the allowance of our 
 f Articles of England, by the Synod 
 f in Ireland, to be a virtual difanul- 
 f ling of the Irifb Confeflion 5 which 
 "(1 conceive) faith no more ,but 3 
 <c That both Confemons werecon- 
 f fiftent ; And the Act of that Synod 
 ''not a revocation of the Z/7y£ Arti- 
 cles, but an approbation of ours, 
 " as agreeing with them j He hath 
 
 his 
 
Hz, u/ the a awaw/Ma onfjen>mon, «c. 
 
 " his flings at your Sermon,Preach* 
 " ed at the Lord Smites Funerall, 
 " but in truth , he vyrongs himfelf 
 "and our Church in thoie detract- 
 ions from him. 
 
 — 
 
Uforawatton by Presbyters, uj 
 
 A letter of the late Arch- 
 Bifbop of Armagh, and Primate 
 
 of Ireland, to Doctor Bernard of Grayes 
 Innt ^containing his judgement 
 of the ordination of the Mi- 
 niftry in France and Hol- 
 land. 
 
 I Received this following Letter 
 from the late ArcbBifbop of Jr- 
 magKnot long before his death, 
 which (at the dcfire of fome prudent 
 mem and of different opinion in the 
 fubjed of it) 1 have been moved to 
 
 Ipubli/h , which indeed was commit- 
 ted to me by him for that end, and J 
 do it the rather M9P>m regard fome- 
 whathath been miflaien'm the dif- 
 courfeof it, to his prejudice on both 
 fides i So that without breach oftrufi 
 I could nojonger detain it. The 
 
 occafion 
 
12.4 Of ordination 
 
 occafion of it was this* there was give 
 me by an Honourable per (on a write- 
 ing^contaming a report raiLd of the 
 faid Afck'tBi/h concerning his judge* 
 ment of the ordination beyond the$ta> 
 which he prayed me to fend unto 
 him> which is as tolloweth 
 " Mr. — asked the ArchSijbo\ 
 
 tc of Armagh Upon occafion of an or- 
 lt dination > whar he thought oi 
 c< them that wm? ordained by Pref 
 "byters, he faid he judged then 
 " ordination to benull 3 and looked 
 f( on them as Lay-men- He asked 
 " him, what he conceived of the 
 " Churches beyond the Sea. The 
 " Bilhop anfwered he had charita- 
 " ble thoughts of them in France, 
 " But as for Holland, he cjuemoned 
 '* if there was a Church amongfl 
 " them ; or nots or words fully to 
 
 c: that purpofe. This Dr, con- 
 
 . [ c fidently reports. This Paper ac- 
 cording 
 
by Tresbyters. 
 
 cording to rheearneltdefire of the 
 faid pcrfon , / fene inclofed to the 
 Lord Primate 9 being then out of 
 Town , from whom immediately / 
 received this anfoer, containing bis 
 judgement of the ordination of the 
 Miniftry of the reformed Churches in 
 [France 9 znd Holland, as folio weth: 
 
 (t Touching Mr. -7 cannot caU 
 
 u to mind that be eyer propofed unto me 
 
 V the §}ueSlions in yourLetter inch fed y 
 
 ■g neither do J know the \Dr -y>bo 
 
 *> bath fpread that reports But for the 
 « matter it Jelf y J have ever declared 
 f my opinion to be , That Epijcopus 
 
 V & Presbyter, gradu tanium dffirunt, 
 tC nonordine,6c confequently that in 
 "places where Biflhops cannot be 
 "had, the ordination by Presbyters 
 ''ftandeth valid, yet on the other 
 " fide holding as / do , that a Bifliop 
 "hath fupcriority in degree above a 
 £ Presbyter , you may cafily judge 
 
 that 
 
12 g JJf ordination 
 
 gree\'tohicb, he faith t a Itifhop hath 
 abo"peaTresbyter,ith not to be un- 
 derstood as an arbitrary matter at 
 the pleafurc of men, but that he 
 held it to be of Apoflolical inUitutiott y 
 and no more a diminution of the pre- 
 heminencier and authority of Epiftd- 
 pacy, than the denomination oilights 
 given in common by JMofes, to all 
 of them in the firmament (Genef. I.) 
 detra&s from the Sun and Moon, 
 whom he calls the greater , and were 
 affigned of God to have the rule of 
 the reft ; though the difference bes 
 tween them beonely gradual , yet 
 there is a derivative fubordination* as 
 the preheminence of the firU-born 
 was but gradual i they were all bn~ 
 thren, but to him was given [of God 
 the excellencie, or fupremacie ofl 
 Dignity and poster , to him they mufti 
 bow, or be fubjecl 9 and he mult have! 
 the rule over them : And that thisl 
 
 gradm 
 
\gradui is both derived from the p a t^ 
 t*mpr<fctib dby God in the Old 2 e ft a . 
 Iftament (where chat diibndion is 
 found in the Title of the 0'¥?rieft, 
 who had the rule of the reft . called 
 by the LXX tent**) and from the 
 imitation ther of brought in by the 
 t/ipv&les. and confirmed, by thrift in the 
 Mmeofthe N** . 1 he frimsae hach fo 
 full/ confirmed in that learned 
 .TracTate of his, of the Original of Bi- 
 %v, which he hath deduced from 
 fhe Apoftolicnl times 5 that I know 
 lot what can be added . And 
 ■fen for that higher gradw of 
 1 Metropolitan . or ArchsBifliop,' ■ 
 have been alfo Apoilolical , he 
 tach , from the fupurfcrtption of 
 tknjo the fey en Chuuhes, (each of 
 fhich Cities being Mstropolitical^ 
 he reft of the Cities of Afia daughters 
 rider them) given very ftrong probaz 
 ties, hard to be gain faid , unto 
 Nuchas an excellent comment upon 
 
Of ordination 
 
 this Letter) (hall refer the Reader: 
 
 $ly. ' That in this judgement of 
 
 1 his he was not figulariDBblior Da- 
 
 « yenant , chat pious » and Learned 
 
 * r BSop of Sarubuy, contents with 
 < him in it ( in his determinations t 
 I q. 42.. ) produceth the principal 
 
 * of the Schoolmen, Gulielmu* <Pa- 
 
 c ripmfis.Gerfonfiurand) &c, Epif« 
 
 f copatus non eft ordo praecife di 
 
 f Hindus- a facerdotio (implicit 
 
 c non eft alia poteftas ordinis it 
 
 ' Epifcopis qu^m Presbyteris , fe< 
 
 'ineft modb perfection* md de 
 
 c dares it to be the general opinio, 
 
 ' of the School-men Epifcopatura u 
 
 ( diftinguitur a (hnplici iacerdoti< 
 
 * non - fle J ram ordinem 5 fed em 
 
 'nentiorem quandam poteftatet 
 
 € & dignitatem in eodem ordine f. 
 
 .'cerdotali , &c. ^And cuke gran. 
 
 'tbeBijhop to ba"pe dignitatem a 
 
 1 riorem,potcitatem majorem,<Sr 
 
 < c /o doth the Private in ■> bat be Jai 
 
by Tresbyterti 
 ' ke hath a fupericrky in degree £ 
 
 bove a Presbyter, and that the 
 
 ^ Churches.wlik h ha ve no Bifliops 
 are thereby become very much de- 
 
 . ^ ve in r th «r GovernrmntjBoth 
 of them being far from a parity. 
 . oind whereat the Primate faitb ' 
 That m cafes of nece%, w here Bi! 
 
 "M>s cannot be hadahe Ordina- 
 ry Presbyters fWethv^ 
 fVbty Davenant concurs with him 
 Wfo : That where Bifhops ^rettxi 
 fctical , or Idolatrous , and refufe 
 K> ordain Orthodox MinifW 
 \htmfuchandthe like e.fes he faith: 
 >i Orthodoxi Prcsbyteri (ne pe- 
 
 teatEcclt/Ia^ alios P/esbyteros co- 
 jantur ordinare , ego non auf7m 
 jujufmodi ordinaxioncs pronun- 
 :iareirritas, &innanes ,&c. Ne- 
 *tti»s non infeite lex temporis 
 'Ppeilatur , & in tali cam defen. 
 Mcid adquodcoegit, andprodu- 
 
 W 
 
Of ordination 
 
 < ceth the opinion o/Richardus Ar- 
 
 < machanus ( one of this Primates 
 
 * <Predecejfsrs , and one of the mofi 
 1 Learned men in bis time) to be accord- 
 
 * wgfy Armachani opinio eft,quod ( 
 
 1 omn?s Epifcopi cflent defun&i,fa 
 
 c cerdotes minorcs poflunt ordina 
 
 ' tcand applies it to the like Proteftan 
 
 ' Qhwcbes, which the Trimate menti 
 
 1 ons , Hac frcti ncceffitate fi Ecdefi 
 
 'cpedarnproteftantium. quae ord 
 
 c nationes ab Epifcopis Papiftisc: 
 
 'pe&are non poteranc confenl 
 
 * Presbyterorum fuorum Presbyt 
 
 <ros ordinarunt, non indcEpifo 
 
 ' pali dignitati praejudicafle , fed n 
 
 'ceffiiaci Ecclefiae obtemperatfe j 
 
 'dican.lifmt, Thus much for "Bifh 
 
 1 Dayenants concurrence, to "tohicb < 
 
 ' T>ers others might be added > as 
 
 special Dodor Richard Fielder 
 
 * times Dean of Glocefter, in 
 
 'Learned £wfc of the Church* Ul 
 
 I 
 
by Presbyters. 135 
 
 ' cap.}?, and lib.ycap.iy, Tbkere this 
 
 * judgement of the Primates, and this 
 ( concurrence of BifliopDavenants is 
 1 largely confirmed ■> without the leaff 
 ' derogation from the peheminencie of 
 I Epifcopacy. 
 
 ' *But that book entituled , Thcde- 
 9 fence of the Ordination of the Mi- 
 'niftcrs of the reformed Churches 
 
 * beyond the Szzswaiatained by Mr. 
 ' Arch Deacon Mafon » agaiuit the 
 
 * Romanifts (who wrote alfo a defence 
 
 * of Epifcopacy , and of the Mini- 
 1 ftery of the Church of England) is 
 1 fufficiently Known, and 1 haT>* b n «/- 
 'furedjtwas not onely tbt judgement 
 'of Bifhop Overai , ha that / bid a 
 ( principal hand in it • He product!? 
 'many lejlimonies Tbt-hik, of the 
 'Sentences ,W mofl of the School- 
 *men, Bonaventure Tho. Aquinas, 
 'Durand.Dominicus Sotoftichar- 
 Jdus Armachanus , Toitacus , AL 
 
 K 1 phonfus 
 
Of ordination 
 'phonfusaCaftro, Gerfom Petrus,' 
 
 * Can i flu s >to have affirmed the fame, 
 
 * and at kfl quoteth Medina,* principal 
 < *\Bi(bop of the Councel of Trent, 
 
 Upho affirmed , That Jerome } Am- 
 - brofe, Auguftine,Sedulius 5 Prima- 
 'fius, Chryfoifome > Theodorer, 
 c Theophylad, were of the fame- judge- 
 
 * men t alfo . And Ifitppofe there is none 
 c doubts , but that the Primate joined 
 'fbitb Arch-Deacon Mafon in that 
 < comlufii>e "&ifb of hii,\iz.That where- 
 
 * in the Difcipline of France,ot Hoi- 
 € land is defective , thy would by all 
 c poflible means redrefle , and re- 
 c form it> ad conform themielvcs 
 'to the ancient cuftome of the 
 c Difcip'ine of Chrilt » which hath 
 
 * continued from the A pottles 
 ' time, that fo they may remove all 
 
 * opinion of fingularityand flop the 
 mouth of malice it felf^ 
 
 In a word # If the ordination of 
 
 fre£ 
 
pyrreseyters, 155 
 
 Presbyters in] neb paces inhere Bifljops 
 cannot be bad^ere not W#,The late 
 Bifhops of Scotland had a hard task 
 %o maintain thenifelves to bcBi/bcps, 
 who were not TrieSis , for their Or- 
 dination was no other. And for 
 this, a paflage in the Hiftorie of Scot- 
 land y wrote by the Jrch-Bijhp of 
 St. Andrews is obfervable, Di^- That 
 wrhen the Scots Bi/bops were to be 
 confecrated by the Bifbops of Lon- 
 don Ely, and Bath ^ here at London 
 boufe, An. §609. he faith,Acjueition 
 was moved by Dr. Andrews Bifhop of 
 £ly y touching the ccnlccratiun of 
 the Scotti/b Bifhop, who,as he hid, 
 muU firU be ordain d Tresbyters , as 
 having lececved »■? ordination from a 
 Biflnp. The Arc* BiPn pot Cancer- 
 buty,Do&or Baucrcft^ who was by • 
 maintained, That thereof ,b r v. as no 
 mecefnty, feeing whre bi/bos could 
 Mot be bad, the ordination given by the 
 K 4 Vref* 
 
Of ordination 
 
 ^Presbyters mufl be efleemed lawfuli, 
 
 otherfrije that it might be doubted ij 
 
 there wen any larftfuil nidation in mofl 
 
 of the reformed Churches, This applaud; 
 
 ed to by the other Bifhops t Ely ac 
 
 quiefced, and at the day } and in the plah 
 
 appointed the three Scotufh B>fhop! 
 
 "toere confecrated by the aboH> fail 
 
 three EngWh %ijhops^\vz Arch Bifboj 
 
 ot Canterbury forbearing for anocbe 
 
 caufe there mentioned. 
 
 Now though the ordination c 
 Preifctrs in this cafe of necefllty b 
 granu:d to be valid yet Zhave bean 
 this learned Primate wonder at tb 
 neglect found in the iate Presbyteria. 
 way of ordiri tion 5 o?/^ That stirn 
 pofrion of bands 9 they neither ufed tb 
 anctertt form of words,with whicl 
 the firft framers of it were them 
 I. lv s orchined , nor ufed any othe 
 to thai fence in their room , at leai 
 there is no order s or direction for i 
 
 Fc 
 
byfresbyters. 137 
 
 For fuppofc the words of our So- 
 <T?/0«rcotheApoftles,(John 20. xj, 
 %i.) at their ordination wee fcru- 
 pled at,**?/^- Receive the holy (jbo&; 
 who fe fins thou doft forgive areforgfc 
 *ven : and whofe fins thou doft retain are 
 retained^ (which rightly underftood 
 gave no juftcaufc) yet why might 
 not the next wotds have been con- 
 tinued? <rwc and le thou a faithfuQ 
 dtfpenferoftbeypordofGod and of bis 
 
 , holy Sacraments , in the name of the Fat 
 tber , and of the Son , and of the holy 
 Ghoft- or the other word* upon the 
 folemne delivery of the 'THble , into 
 
 I the hands of the perfon ordained; 
 Take thou authority to preach the word 
 of God, and to cM'tnifter the holy Sacra- 
 ments in the Qongregation where thou 
 (halt be fo appointed. I can imagine 
 no caufe againft the ufe of one of 
 thefe, unlefle it be becaufethey had 
 been ufed there, as if in this fence, 
 
 old 
 
«8 Of ordination 
 
 old things muff be done away, and aft 
 mujlbenew. Toimpoiehands(ac. 
 cording to the injun&ion of the A- 
 poftle,and to have it accompanied 
 with prayer and thankf-giving for 
 the perfon, is weO done (which in the 
 former conjlitution was (blemly ob- 
 ferved before, and after it) but why 
 fliould the formal tranfmitting of 
 Authority alfb in the nameof Ghrift 
 for the power of officiating be left 
 undone, if the fcruple in the instru- 
 mental caufe be fausflcd,why might 
 it not have been prevented in 
 the formal! , who might have 
 freely given what they had re- 
 ceived. Now to give the feal of 
 ordination ( as fome pleafe to call 
 impoftion of bands) without any 
 exprefTe commisfion annexed, or grant 
 of Authority to the pcrfon, the 
 Trimate was wont to fay, feemed 
 tohittitobeliketbe putting of a feal 
 
 to a 
 
to a bUnck^hxch being fo weighty 
 a bufinefle , / v\ i&S prudent men 
 would confider of, ieaitin the fu- 
 ture it arm the ad"Perfary with obje- 
 ftions,and fill our own with further 
 fcruples - y And fo much ( far larger 
 then I intended) for the prevention 
 of any offence , which might be ta- 
 ken at the one part of the Letter. 
 Now for the other claufe of his )udg- 
 ment , which he leaves unto me to 
 judge, what in reafon 1 might apprc. 
 hend to be his, Ifhall leave it accor- 
 dingly to the judgement of others; 
 All that can give any ofTence is that 
 term of Schifme. But in regard 'tis 
 not dinftlf determined, but onely 
 that he could not be an ^Advocate to 
 excufe it j and being delivered in 
 that Latitude, that 'tis dubious whe- 
 ther forretgn (to which the queftion 
 chiefly rclateth) or domelike, former 
 times } or latter » may take the appli- 
 cation. 
 
Ofordirtation 
 
 cation. I mall not offend the Reader 
 with any larger Apology , onely 
 wherein any (hall finde themfelvej 
 concerned , / wifla fuch bumble and 
 Weekfpirits, that the admonition oJ 
 fo fioui, & eminent a Bi&op, (wbofa 
 fame if throughout the Churches 1 
 might prevail to the amendment oil 
 what hath been amifle among us 
 If /have abounded beyond my meal 
 fure 9 to the hazard of the offence oj 
 botbparties in thefe advcrtifementsl 
 let it be excufed by the impartiality oj 
 it, and the unbyaffed intention for thq 
 fetlingof truth and peace fo fbakcrl 
 of later dayes within us. 
 
 The 
 
7 he ^primates judgement of 
 federal SubjeUs. 
 
 J-Ie misinterpretations^ 
 which have been alrea- 
 dy made of this tnoft Re- 
 *verend and Learned Pri* 
 mate , of a change of judgement in 
 him towards his latter end, (which 
 I have been moved here to inndu 
 cate) giving it fufpe&ed to be the 
 forerunner of more of the like, 
 which may be raifed hereafter , I 
 have been advifed upon thisocca- 
 fion, both in anfwer to 5 and preven- 
 tion of any other faffe rumours for 
 the future to declare more fully 
 what I did of him briefly in his Fu- 
 neral Sermon, as to feme particu- 
 lars 
 
The rrmates judgement 
 
 lars then whifpering of him {on I 
 mined xl x\\zprejfe , but not with my 
 will:) And I do it the rather in re* ! 
 gard as 7 was deflred then by fome 
 of different judgement t to make an 
 impartial relation of bis 5 there (each 
 like lfrael i dcjudah i for Dayid t c\aima 
 ing an intercft in him) Co finding 
 that omisfion to be diverfly interpre- 
 ted to my cenfure t and conceived by 
 fome to be theoccaiion of thofefe- 
 veta\.miflakes raifed of him flnce, 
 ( whereby ,as {pr<efio di/p. of Sacram.) 
 Mr, Baxter complains, 1 he good Bh 
 Jhop muft now be 'tobat every one "toill 
 fay of him, one feigning htm to be of one 
 extream and t\oe other of the other 
 extream ) which the publishing 
 might have presented , I have 
 thought fit to di/chargc that trull 
 repoied in me, both in relation to 
 his Voclrine and pratlice , and / 
 know no perfon of more general 
 
 re- 
 
Pvj j* vet mjw/\f%.vi. •**$ 
 
 . eputatton> and more likely to be an 
 exemplary pattern in this his mode* 
 ration, which / conceived ft to be 
 known unto aU men t 
 
 Tht 
 
144 iw Jfrtmates ymgrnem 
 
 T#£ /^te Arch-Bifhop of 
 
 Armagh, and Primate of Ireland, 
 
 his judgement in muter e/"Do8rine,Difci- 
 
 plinc , and other fubjc£>s , of Which 
 
 there hath been fome different opi- 
 
 ntont among other /, and fome mif- 
 
 enterpretations of him, 
 
 IN Doclrine he did fully aps 
 prove the Articles of Religion of 
 the Church of England^ as the 
 fame more enlarged in the Arc 
 tides of Ireland ;The dijeiplim and 
 conjlitutions of both he did alio ap- 
 prove. 
 
 For the Liturgy in the publick 
 prayers , as while he lived at Vro- 
 gbeda in Ireland, they were conftant- 
 ly obferved in his family y fo he had 
 themin estimation to his last . And 
 the laft time he was in London upon 
 
 the 
 
of /everal jubjetts. i *4« 
 
 the occafion of lome ram ground- 
 lefle rumours raifed of him to the 
 contrary, (to his no fmall grief ) he 
 gave his judgement accordingly to 
 an Houourable per [on , wrote with 
 hi& oion, hand' which he (hewed un- 
 to me ,* He had conftantly prayers 
 in his family, four times a day,- At 
 fix in thetmrning, and eight at night, 
 they vvetc fuch, wherein the gifts 
 of thofe , who were his Chaplains 
 were exercifed , but before Dinner 
 and Sapper in ihe CbappeljWas the 
 forenamed alfo obfervedj Indeed 
 he was not io rigid , as to tic all 
 men in the private , to an abfolute 
 hecefTary ufe ot it. or in the pub ike f 
 that a Sermon Was not to be heard, 
 unleflfe that did precede * And for 
 the healing, or preventing of thofe 
 diffractions and divifions , which 
 have been among Miwfiers as o- ; 
 f hers, and the moderating of each 
 
ine inmates )uagement 
 
 cxtntnitie in relation co the ufc of 
 it , whereby there might be a re 
 turn of that wiftied for peace and 
 unity, which of late years we have 
 been fir angers to . He conceived 
 fome prudent moderate accommoda 
 tion might have been thought oi 
 (and ye* may) bymfe-menyin ordci 
 to the prefent continuance of the 
 fubfiantfal part of it , (each fide 
 yielding fome what, after the ex 
 ample of St: 'Paul in chcumftantials] 
 which might have better borne th< 
 name of zreformatbn t thanthiis tc 
 hzveatotd (upprefsion of it, where- 
 by Tcith the intention of gathering uj. 
 tbeTares, tbeWbeat bath been rootet 
 up alfo. 
 
 As for fome arbitrary innovations 
 not within the compaffc of th< 
 rule, and order of the book, he dicj 
 not afFc&,and often tpijhed they hat, 
 not been introduced, as forefecinc 
 
 th 
 
 c 
 
offelMralfub)e&$ m 147 
 
 :he iflfue of it , what was commanded 
 le readily obferved,but did not take 
 jpon him to introduce any Rite y or 
 Z&remonie upon his own opinion of 
 iecencie, till the Church had judged 
 t Co j and thought they molt owned 
 the book,who neither added , or dh 
 Moi/hedirom the rule of it, 
 And for bowing at the Name ofjefut] 
 though he ceolured not thofe that 
 did,either in our, or other Reformed 
 Churches, according to the cuflome 
 of each , yet lie did not conceive the 
 tujunftion of it could be founded up- 
 on that of the 4fw/2/e,Phil.2,.fo,and 
 wondred at fome learned mens af- 
 fertions. that it was the expofition of 
 all the Fathers upon it -, And as the 
 wife compofers of thcLiturgie gave 
 no dircd injunction for it there, fo 
 in Irelandhtwithftood the putting 
 of it into the Canon, Anno 1634, 
 That zfom ofprayer^not onely by 
 ? L x way 
 
The Primates judgement 
 
 way of direftion , but punctually 
 compofcd were fit to be had in the 
 publike he was ever for , as much 
 conducing to the benefit of the 
 <vulgar people > which are the ma- 
 jor part of the Nation, and efpecial 
 lyintheadminiftrationof!B^/7»if, 
 and the Communion^ as well for the 
 fhunning and preventing the difor 
 den and fcandalous confufim found 
 in fome mens performances o 
 them , as the temfying of an uniP 
 and unamity among us,which Sain 
 5W prefers as the more excellent yt>ay 
 before the variety of all Spiritm 
 ^i/ittwhatfoever. 
 
 He often wifhed The judgemen 
 of£alvine concerning it ( who wa q 
 a wife and learned man J in his Lei 
 ter to the L*Vrotetlor of £ngUnd 9 i 
 Edward thejixih's time, were moi 
 known than it is, in regard of h: 
 efteem withfuch, who haveoppc 
 
 10 
 
of federal fubjecls, 149 
 
 fed it, who doth * much approve* $»od ad /*. 
 That there (hould be a certain Cct^ riluJmE^ 
 form of prayer, from which it^l% 
 mould not be lawfull for the certa '** ex [ n 
 Pallors to depart in their fun- */«*"» f«»- 
 
 rt . 111 r Sione fua non 
 
 chon , both that lome care ikm , tam « 
 might be had of the more Cm^Z^fS- 
 ple, and ignorant fort , as atfo^^g; 
 tnat the content ot all the »»««* «»/*** 
 
 . . ... . r , omnium inter fe 
 
 Churches within thcmieIveS£.-c/ejV"«- 
 might the more evidently appear. r $ r ZZ f «u£ 
 And laftly,for the prevention ofJ^JT 
 the inconftant levity of fbme,™** /eM ' r ?- 
 who are afrecters or novelty, and^M^^*/- 
 fo advifeth to have a fet Cate-SrX'«« # 
 chilmca fet form of publike pray JJ^Ji- 
 ers. and adminiftration of Sacra- ^mmomm 
 
 J admmfiratio- 
 
 mentS. «» j publican 
 
 item pracum 
 f omnium , vid. 
 Ep. Anno 1^6. Proteflori Angli*. 
 
 He was for the Miniflers impros 
 
 ring of their gifts > and abilities in 
 
 . L 1 prayer, 
 
150 The Primates judgement 
 
 prayer^*/ ore Sermon and after ^ accor- 
 ding to his own practice, but if that 
 were done , he fa w no reafon why 
 the other (hould be left undone • 
 The Church of God being like a 
 great family, wherein fome being 
 Infants and Qbildren , as well as oj 
 fuU age y a provifion muft be had «; 
 Milkfo jlronger Meat^nd all oughi 
 to be equady taken care of, even the 
 ignorant, and (tmpler fort, as well as 
 thofe of greater education. 
 
 loot Ordination , or an ordained 
 Miniftery, inch was his judgemeni 
 of the necefsity ofit,Thathetookii 
 to be a fundamental , and one oi 
 thofe principles of Qhrifiian Dotlrine 
 ( Hebrrf.i.) called, laying on of hands* 
 the great neglect of which he 
 much lamenced>as fearing it would 
 prove to be the undermining the 
 foundation of our Church , which 
 
 Mr. 
 
of Jeter at jub\ tits. i 5 1 
 
 Mr.Cartwright } in his * c ommentary jj£ jjjjj; z % 
 upon the place jconfirms to the 
 
 jfull, andinafe^/wexpreflion, as if 
 it were the oyertbrow ofCbriffianity. 
 And yet, as you have heard, he was 
 not (6 (evere as to condemne 1 and 
 difoznibe Miniftery of other n formed 
 Churches > or rcfufe Communion 
 .with them , becaute in every par- 
 
 c ticular , as to fonts perfons initial- 
 ly ordaining they were defe- 
 ctive. 
 
 For Epijcopaciejze was not want* 
 ing with St. Paul to Magmfie bii own 
 office , by two feveral Traclates he 
 hath publifhed , (none being more 
 able to defend the ancient right of 
 it) for which he was by Letters im- 
 portuned % by fome of the raoft em* 
 nent perfons of his own profefsiott, 
 yet how humbly without any par tiaz 
 Ztfytohimfelf, and the eminent de- 
 gree he had obtained in it , did he 
 L 4 declare 
 
lyz IbeTrimates judgement 
 
 declare hi ^judgement, is evident b>| 
 the above-faid Traftates,and thd 
 Letter before mentioned. And hiij 
 pmdencem the prefent accommoda-l 
 tion of things i n that Treatife of his] 
 viz, The reduction of it to the form o\ 
 Synodical Government , for the pre. 
 tventionoi that difturbance, which dit 
 afterwards arife about it, is as appf ' 
 rent alfo ,* if orhers concerned it, 
 thefe tranfa&ions had been of thai 
 moderation , humify > and meeknef[e\ 
 th* wound given might have bceii 
 healed before it grew unmrable. 
 
 That the Annual Commem>rathn\ 
 of the Articles of the faith , fuch a 
 the Nativityfafshn* Rtfurrettion, i 
 Our Saviour, i3V. Were ftili to 
 obferved (which SuAuguUimfov\ 
 in hmime were in ufe through t\. 
 whole Catholick Church of Chril 
 and is now in other Refon 
 Churches, as a means to keep thci 
 
offeveral Jub'yfts, 155 
 
 in the memory of the vulgar, (ac- 
 cording to the pattern of Gods ins 
 junction to the Jfraelites in the 
 Old Teftamcnt, for the Typts of 
 them ) appeared fufficiently to be 
 his judgement, by his then conflant 
 preaching upon thofe iub je<Sfcs, 
 
 The Friday before Eafter (i.c,rhc 
 Refurrtttionjiaftin old SaxonSigni- 
 fying rifing ) appointed for the re- 
 membrance of the fafsion of our 
 Saviour, he did duely at Drogheda, 
 in Ireland-, obferve as a folemne fafl t 
 (inclining the gather to that choife 
 out of tPrudenc e 3 and the fecurity from 
 cenfure,by the then cuftome of ha- 
 ving Sermons beyond their ordina- 
 ry limit in England) when (after the 
 publick prayers of the Church) he 
 fir ft preached upon that fubject (ex- 
 tending himfclf in prayer and Ser- 
 mon beyond his ordinary time, 
 which v?e imitatcd>7vho fucceeded 
 
 in 
 
154 The frimates judgement 
 
 in the duties of the day , and which 
 beingknowi\tobe his conffant cu- 
 ftouiC'fomc from .Dublin, as other 
 partSjCameto pertakeof it- which 
 moil excellent Sermons of his upon 
 that occaiion , he was by many 
 Godly Religious perfons importuned 
 much for the publifliingofthem, 
 and his flritl obfervation of this 
 faji was fuch, that neither before* or 
 after that extraordinary pains 
 would he take theleaft rtfrejbmtM, 
 till about fix a Clock, and which 
 did not excufe him from Preaching 
 again on Eafterday , when wecon- 
 ftantly had a Communion- 
 
 That Tra&ate of his,entitled,T^e 
 Incarnation of the Son of God , was the 
 fumme of two>or three Sermons, 
 which I heard him preach at Dro- 
 gheda, at that Feflival, when we cele- 
 brate the birth oj our Saviour. 
 
 That he was for the often pu- 
 blike 
 
of federal fabjects. I j 5 
 
 blikc reading of the ten Command- 
 ments , and the Creed* before the 
 Congregation , according to the 
 cuftom of othcc reformed Church- 
 es, I fuppofe none can doubt of,and 
 not onely that, which is commonly 
 called the %Apoflles Creed , but the 
 Nicene and lAtbanafms^ his book of 
 the three Creeds fufEciently pew 
 fwadeic 
 
 What his judgement was of the 
 ufe of the Lords prayer , his practice 
 (hewed it in the conftant conclu- 
 ding of his prayer before Sermon 
 with it. And his approbation of 
 that gefture of kneeling at the Com- 
 munion was often apparent before 
 many witnefles. 
 
 For confirmation of Children 
 (which Cahine^Be^t^ifcaior ,and 
 others do much commend, and 
 wifti it were teftorcd among them) 
 he was not wanting in his obser- 
 vation. 
 
ijS TbeTrimates judgement 
 
 vatiomas an ancient laudable cu» 
 fiome j by which was occafimed the 
 more frequent having in memory 
 the principles of religion , with the 
 younger fore. At his firft publike 
 giving notice of the time of that 
 his intention, (it having been long 
 difu/ed in Ireland) hz made a large 
 fpeech unto the people of the anti~ 
 quky of it, the prudence of the firft 
 reformers in purging it from Popi/b 
 fuperftitiont i with the end of it , and 
 then fuch youths prefented to him, 
 who could repeat the publike Qate- 
 cbifme were confirmed j& fo often 
 afterwards , and indeed the appre- 
 henflon of hisp'tety and bol'mejfe mos 
 ved the Barents much, to defirethat 
 their Children might bybim receive 
 that BenediElion , which wasiecon- 
 ded with good , and fpiritud inilrust 
 &ion , that ftuck to them when 
 they came to further years* 
 
 The 
 
of federal fubjetls. ip 
 
 The publike Catschtfme, contain- 
 ing thefumme of theOwtf, the 10. 
 Commandments , the Lords Prayer, 
 and Doftrine of the Sacraments , de- 
 fpifed by feme for its plaimes he 
 thought therefore to be the more 
 profitable for the ^vulgar; And at 
 Vrogbeda'm Ireland, gave me orders 
 every Lords day in thefafternoon, 
 (befide the Sermon which was 
 not omitted ) to explain it. 
 
 He was very exemplary in the 
 carefull obfervation of the L ords day 
 in his family fThe Sermon preached 
 by him in the forenoon 5 being 
 conftantly repeated in the Qbap. 
 •pel by his Chaplain, about five of 
 the Clock in the afternoon , unto 
 which many of* the Town refbrtedJ 
 For Habits, he ibferved fuch, 
 which were accuflomed by tKfcfe of 
 his profeflion,for the Organ y and the 
 Qytre } he continued them as he 
 
 " found 
 
\ 
 
 I 
 
 158 I he Tnmates judgement 
 
 found them in ufe before him. And 
 as in all things 5 (o in his ordinary 
 wearing Garments i he was a Pattern 
 of gravity, approving much of a 
 diUinttiVe Apparel in the Miniftery 
 that way. 
 
 Laftlyi for the Scclejiaftical Con- 
 flitutions of Ireland , as he was in 
 Aa* 1^54' (being then the Primate) 
 the chief guide in their cftabliflb- 
 ment, fo before he was aBifhop^ 
 Anno 614. being then a Member 
 of the Qonyocatimyhc was employed 
 as a principal perfon for thcQolie* 
 ftittg, & drawing up fuch Canons 'as 
 concerned the Difcipline f and Go- 
 vernment of the Church,and were 
 to be treated upon by the Arch-Bis 
 mops, and Bimops, and the reft of 
 the Clergy of Jrelan i , (divers taken 
 out [of the Statutes> Queen £//^<i3 
 beths Injunctions, and the Canons 
 of Znghimt* 1^71.) which I have 
 
 lately 
 
of \everai \ uvycts. 1 5 9 
 
 lately found , written then "frith kit 
 rwn hand. The two firfl of which 
 being in thefe words, i. That no 
 nberformoflMurgie^r Divine fer- 
 vice fbali be ufed in any Church of this 
 T^calm- t hut that, which is cftablifhed 
 by Law, and comprised in the book of 
 Con-Mon-Trayer-, and Adminiflation of 
 Sacraments iffc. a. That no other form 
 of Ordination [ball be ufed in this No* 
 tion , but "which u contained in the 
 book of ordering c/ Bifbops 9 ^rieUs y 
 and Deacons, allowed by Authority, and 
 hitherto prafti^ed in the Churches of 
 England, and Ireland , make it ap. 
 parent that his judgement concer- 
 ning many of the abovememioncd 
 fubje&s* was the fame in his youn- 
 £«\as Elder years* 
 
 And yet notwithftanding all this, 
 there were afaajes Come, and ftiD ate 
 too many , who are apt to blurre 
 him with the tide of a furitoue, 
 
 (which 
 
i5o The Triwates judgement 
 
 (which is one occafion of this en^ 
 largement) though in none the 
 fenle of it is more uncertain then 
 in his application , and from none 
 a greater luftre would be given 
 unto it than by his reflexion. In 
 whom, with his conformi y to the 
 Difcipline, Liturgy, and ^Articla of 
 the Church of England , labour 
 in writing conftancy in preaching 
 againft the etrours of 'Popery, and 
 fuch as border upon it,(b much hu- 
 mility folineffe, and charity » and o. 
 ther fruits of the fpiritdid Co emi- 
 nently mine. Indeed I have feen di- 
 vers Letters, wrote unto him from 
 thofe, who heretofore were (o 
 afper(ed,fuli of refped,and large ex- 
 preflions of their lo^e to biw y 8c ma- 
 ny receiving jatufaftion , have con- 
 curred with him in the abovefaid 
 particulars, his humilitcandmeek- 
 nefle prevailing more then others 
 
 ftrift 
 
of JeVtfal Jiwjfcvs. 161 
 
 ftrid aufterity of others i but how 
 that, faid Title could be fixed on 
 Mm., I am yet to feek , unlefle it bear 
 a better fenfe than, the Authors of it 
 wi'lown. 
 
 Nay, fome of the fimpkr fort 
 hearing of a conjunction of 
 Topery and Tretac? , have thought 
 they could not be parted in him 9 
 though moll of his Sermon? t as well 
 as his writings } (uflicient\y clear him 
 that way. /remember many years 
 agone,thc htc*Bi/bop of Canterbury * virch 
 'wrote unto him into Irehnd , of a 
 Jitrong rumour then railed of him 
 here at Cowrt^ That he was turned a 
 Wapiti ( prefumed to be by a Letter 
 .of fome Popifh Prieft from 
 thence. ) But it fell out to be at the 
 fame time ^ or immediately after he 
 had in two Learned Sermons given 
 his judgement at large, that the 
 Tapacyw&s meant by ( Babylon > in 
 M ' the 
 

 1 m Primates judgement 
 
 the 17. and 18. of the Revelation^ 
 which in the return of his atofwer 
 to that Report he did affirm t & was 
 his judgement to his laft, though' 
 the reply made to him did not con- j 
 lent in that. 
 
 Jam not a ftranger to fuch a defignl 
 of fome of the Komi/b party , a littk 
 before his death, for the railing ol 
 the like rumour , by fome Lrt*erj|j 
 wrote unto him from iome o 
 cminency among them , which 1 
 difdain any further to mention. 
 
 And thus upon this occafion '. 
 have endeavoured to prevent fo) 
 the future } any more injurious mi 
 flakes of him, by an impartial decla 
 ring, according to my knowledge 
 his judgement, and practice in theli 
 particulars , wherein he may wel 
 be efteemedof us (as Enfmus fatl 
 of St. utuguftine) Vividnm quoddan 
 Exemplar Zpifcopi , omnibm <virtutm 
 
 nu 
 
of federal fubyetts. itj 
 
 numeris abfolutum. And I wifli in 
 thcfc di'vided times, wherein each 
 party hath a great, and a reverend 
 opinion of him, they would Ifeew ic 
 in this, by taking his fpirit of mode- 
 ration for their Copy to write after, 
 and for my own part, / would to 
 God not onely they t butaIJo all that 
 read, or hear this of him, were both aU 
 toofty and altogether fuch as he was, 
 
 wfv 3Wv 3Wfl* 
 
 M * THE 
 
THE 
 
 REDUCTION 
 
 EPISCOPACIE 
 
 Unco the Form of 
 
 Sy nodical Government; 
 
 Received in the 
 
 ANCIENT CHURCH: 
 
 By the moft (Reverend and learned Father 
 of our Church Dt.fAMES USHER, * 
 late Arch-Bifhop of Armagb,and Pri* 
 mate of all IrtUnd, 
 
 Propofed in the year \6^u as an Expe- 
 dient for the prevention of thofe Troubles, 
 which afterwards did arife about the 
 matter oiCbwch-Govtrnment. 
 
 PubliAiedby 'KlCO LAS BERNARD, 
 D. D. Preacher to the Honourable So- 
 ciety of Grajes June, London. 
 
 LONDON, . 
 Trinted. /ymio Doqainr i <* $ 61 
 
H5 
 
 
 Tothe^eader. 
 
 THc Original of this was 
 given me by the moft 
 Reverend Primate, fame 
 few yeares before his 
 death 3 wrote throughout with his 
 own hand, and of late I have found 
 k fubferibed by himfelf, and DoBor. 
 Holfsvortb , and with a Marginal 
 Note at the t . Proportion , which / 
 have alfo added. If it maynowan- 
 fwer the expectation of many pious t 
 and ^rW^rtPerfons, who have de- 
 fired the publifhing of it^as a feafon- 
 able preparative to jome moderation 
 in the mid ft ofthofe extreams,"Sfc& 
 this Age abounds yvith , it "a? iO attain the 
 end intended by the Author •' And it is 
 likely to be more operative, by the great^ 
 M 4 repii* 
 
Tothe^eader. 
 
 repmation he had » and hath in the 
 hearts of all good mtt\ y being fane 
 from the kafi [ujpicion to- be byaffed by 
 any private ends 9 but onely aiming at 
 the reducing of Ox Act , Peace, and 
 Vnity > which God is the Author of, 
 and not ofconfufon. For the recovery 
 of which, in t»ere to be wijhed , that fuch 
 as do covfent in Subftanftials/or matter 
 of Dodirme t T»ould conftder of fome 
 conjunction in point o/Difcipline, 
 that private inter ejls and circumftan- 
 tials, might not keep them tbmfar afun- 
 der. 
 
 Grayes-Inne, N. Bernard 
 
 O&ob. 13,1657. 
 
 the 
 

 «$> <$> <& & <§> ^J^ «& «& <& <t" <§» 
 
 The Reduction of Epifco- 
 pacy unto the form of Synodi- 
 cal Government, received in the 
 ancient Church jpropofed in the 
 year 1641. as an Expedient for 
 the prevention of thofe troubles , 
 which afterwards did arife 
 about the matter of Church Go- 
 vernment. 
 
 I 
 
 Eft (copal and ^resbyterial 
 (joyernment conjoyned, 
 
 BY Order of ;he Church of j 
 
 England J all Presbyters arc 
 charged " to adminifler the Do? a T hebook J 
 Siring and Sacraments , and the Difci- Ordimtion. j 
 plineofQmU^aj the Lord bath com- 
 
 Handed, 
 
2. Epifcopal and Tresbyterial 
 
 manded y and <U tbii Realm bath recei- 
 ved the fme i And that they might 
 the better underftand what the 
 biMiexAS. Lord bad commanded therein ^ bthe 
 ^».*7,i8. ex hortation of St- Paul, to the El- 
 ders of the Church of Epbefus is ap= 
 pointed to be read unro them at the 
 time of their Ordination j Take heed 
 unto your fefoes , and to all the flock 
 among wbomtbe Holy QhoU hath made 
 * ntituutm.you Oyer Jeers to * (Rule the Congre- 
 Ma".r*n5 gat ion oJ(jod y which he hath purchafed 
 
 Of the many Elders , who in 
 common thus rukd the Church of 
 Ephefm , there was one fnjdent^ 
 whom our Saviour in his Epiftle 
 unto this Church in a peculiar 
 ?Rev.:. i. manner (tileth c the ^Angel of the 
 Cburci) of Ephefm : and Ignatius in 
 another Epiftle written about 
 twelve years after unto the fame 
 Church 3 calleth the ^Btjbop thereof. 
 
 Betwixt 
 
 i 9 .ij 
 
yovernmem cunjuynea. $ 
 
 Betwixt the Bi&op and the PreP 
 bytery of that Church, what an 
 harmonious confent there was in 
 the ordering of the Church Go- 
 vernment, the 6m e Ignatw doth 
 fully there declare, by the Presby- 
 tery, with a St. TW, understanding ti Tim. Ji 
 the Community oi the reft of the 
 Presbyters, or &ders y who then had 
 a hand not onely in the delivery of 
 the Doftrine , and Sacraments y but 
 alio in the Adminiftration of the 
 3ifcipline ofCbrift • for further proof 
 of which , we have that known 
 teftimony of Tertullian in his gene- 
 ral Apology for Chriftians. c blSSSS 
 the Cburcb are ufed exhortations^^) 
 
 nam & judic, 
 tur magno cum ponder e ut apud certos de Dei emfpeftu, fummumjHmmumq 
 futuri \ttdicii prsjudicium eft , fi qu'u it a deliquerit , ut a communicatfo 
 orationi*, & conventus } fyomnkfanfficoffmiercii rclegetur iprdtfidentproh, 
 ti quique feniores, honnem iftum non pretio> fedTeftimonio adeptu Terti 
 Apologer. cap.$g. 
 
 cbaUifements^ and di<vine ctnfure j for 
 Judgement it given Vrib great advice 
 
 as 
 
4 Epijcr.pal and Presbytertal 
 
 as among thofe, who are certain they are 
 
 in the fight ef God, and it is the chiefefl 
 
 pre/helping of the Judgement which is 
 
 tocor&e, if any mm hanje fo offended^ 
 
 that he be banifbadfrom the Communi. 
 
 on o( -prayer ', and oj r the vAj[embly^ and 
 
 of all holy fellow/hip. 7 he Vrefidents 
 
 that bear rule therein are certain ap- 
 
 proved itders, who baVe obtained this 
 
 honour not by reward \ but by good res 
 
 port , who were no other (as he 
 
 himfelf intimates) ehewhere, but 
 
 hm man,b,s ( thofe from lohofe hands they ufed 
 
 1?ST {£»?, to recive the Sacrament of the En* 
 
 |M. it corona c f ia „:a. 
 
 For with the l&fbip , who was 
 
 the chief Prefldent ( and therefore 
 
 I Dandi qui- filled by the famtTertullian in an- 
 
 p/^f' other place, * Summw Sacerdos for 
 
 I**™ u- diftinaionfake) the reft of the di- 
 
 ferdts , qui ' 
 
 m Erf™- Ipenlers or the Word and Sacra- 
 
 . us, debirtc • . • 1 r> 
 
 \nsbytm & merits joyned in tnecnmmon Go- 
 fei'fv* vernmentofthe Church; and there* 
 
 fore 
 
uovernment coped, 
 
 fore, where in matters of Ecclefu- 
 ftical Judicature , Cornelius BiftSop 
 of Rome ufed the received form of 
 h gathering together the Tresbykry ; of ho*w«a. J 
 what perfons that did confiit, Cy* 1 ^kimJm 
 prian iufliciently declareih , when ££*2*j3 
 he wiflieth him to read his Let- cyp.epift.^.lj 
 ters I to tbeflourifl?ing Qerp 5 yphich •, F [■.„&&» - 
 there didprefide, or rule with bm:f^?% 
 The preiencc of the Clerric being; 1™".*?*-$! 
 
 *, . r r • ~> ad Cornel. 
 
 thought to be to requifite in mas- 
 ters of Epifcopal audience, that in 
 the fourth Councel of Cortbage it 
 was concluded, k Ibat the T5ifbop '< »-«rf 
 - jffgw 0>?4r no mans caufe without tbc sua* «*fe* 
 prejenceoftbe Ciergie • and that other- ^um^fmA 
 Wife the Bi/bops fenteue (houli bef° ( q f£™ 
 <void, tmleffek were confirmed by the E rt c f ■# 
 frefence of the Ciergie : which we ?'<«»*«» 
 findcalfo to be inferred into the&ca^g 
 Canons of ^Egbert^ho was Arch- \ v £*j$JL 
 bi&op of Tork in the Saxon times, ^We3 
 and afterwards into the body of the "/J;*; 7, ' 
 "GinM&rPitfclf. True 
 
True it is , that in our Church 
 this kinde of Presbyterial Governs 
 merit hath been long difufed , yet 
 feeing it full profeffeth that every 
 Paftor hath a right to rule the 
 Church (from whence the name 
 of ReBor alfo was given at flrft un- 
 to him) and to adminifter the Difck 
 plins ofChrifl, as well as to difpenfe 
 the Doctrine aud Sacraments , and the 
 rcftrainr of the exercife ofthat tight 
 proceedeth onely from the cufiome 
 now receive4 in thit Realm $ no man 
 can doubt, but by another Law of 
 the Land,this hindrance may be 
 well removed. Andlioweamy this 
 ancient form of Government by ihfc 
 united luffrages of theGferjwe might 
 be revived again ) and ^witfa vvhat 
 little fhcwof alteration the &}m- 
 died con ventions of ' the. PaftofjsVtrf" 
 every PariOi might He accoilded 
 with the frejidencie of xhtrliijkp 
 
 of 
 
yoVernwent corifoyned. 7 1 
 
 of each Diocefe and Province,. the 
 indifferent Reader may quickly 
 perceive by the perulal of the en- 
 (mngPropofitions* 
 
 I. J 
 
 In every Parifh the lUfior, or h* c £7 b £ ht 
 cumbent Parlor, together with the sjnd&cau, be 
 Qhurcb wardens and'Sidef-menjtnay Arcb-nikops 
 every week take notice of iucb as fff&^e-*' 
 live fcandaloujly in that Congrega- tamel 
 tion, who arc to receive fuch feve- 
 ral admonitions and reproofs i as 
 the quality of their offence fhall 
 defer ve ; And if by this -means they 
 cannot be reclaimed, they may be 
 prefented to the next monthly Synod j 
 and in the mean time debarred by 
 the Paftor from accefle unto the 
 Lords Table, 
 
 II. Where- 
 
L^ijvvpai auu srre pjt trial 
 
 1 1. 
 
 Whereas by a Statute in the fix- 
 and-twentieth year of King Henry 
 the eighth (revived inthefirftycar 
 of Qoeen Elizabeth) Suffragans are 
 appointed to be erected in 2.6- leve- 
 rai places of this Kingdom ; the 
 number of them might very weiibe 
 conformed unto the number of the 
 feveral Kurd Deanrks i into which 
 every Diocefeis fubdivided; which 
 being done, the Siffragan Supplying 
 the place of rhofe, who in the an- 
 cient Church were called Cbonpifeo- 
 pi, might every moneth afTerable a 
 Synod of all the Kettors , or Incum- 
 bent Taflors within the PrecincT;, 
 and according to the major part of 
 their voices , conclude all matters 
 that (hall be brought into debate 
 before them. 
 
 To 
 
Government conjoyned. 
 
 To this Synod the Ktttor and 
 Church- wardens might prefent 
 fuch impenitent perfons, as by ad- 
 monitions and fufpenfion from the 
 Sacrament would not be refornrd; 
 who if they mould (till remain con- 
 tumacious and incorrigible > the 
 fentcnce of Excommunication might 
 be decreed againft them by the Sy- 
 nod , and accordingly be executed 
 in the Parifti where they lived. His 
 therto alio all things that concerned 
 the Parochial Minifters might be re- 
 ferred, whether they did touch 
 their Doblrine , or their conlperfa- 
 tien t aszKo thecenfure of all new 
 Opinions ficrefi2S t and Schifms 3 whkh 
 did arife within that Circuit . with 
 liberty of Appeal,if need (b require, 
 unto the Diocefan Synod. 
 
 N III The 
 
jo Government con)oyned m 
 
 i i i. 
 
 The Diocefan Synod might be 
 held } once, or twice in the year, as it 
 fhould be thought moft conve- 
 nient : Therein all the Suffragans, 
 "and the r^ft of the Bettors , or Ins 
 cumbent Paftors (or a certain fe- 
 le& number of every Veanry) 
 within the Viocefe might meet, 
 with whofe content , or the major 
 part of them, all things might be 
 'E*,W<- concluded by the Bifliop , or*S«- 
 •?s> ide tJ»?er- pey'mtendent (call him whether you 
 
 mt ententes; r ... . v . . r J „ 
 
 undefynomen will) or m his abiencc, by one or 
 awn $, H*e- the Suffragan $ j whom he ftjall de- 
 A% P <gfum. p ut e in his ftead to be ^Moderator of 
 that AiTcmbly. 
 
 Here all matters of greater mo- 
 ment might be taken into confides 
 ration , and the Orders of the 
 monethjy Synodes revifed^nd (if 
 
 nc:d 
 
CjoVerm?ient conjoyned. IX 
 
 need be ) reformed : and if here al- 
 fo any matter of difficulty could 
 not receive a full determination ; it 
 might be referred to the next (P/-0- 
 <vinm\ y ot National Synod; 
 
 i v. 
 
 The froYinclal Synode might 
 confift of all the ii/bops and Suffra- 
 gans , and fuch other of the Clergy 
 as fliould be elected out of every 
 Diocefe within the Vroipince , the 
 *ArchBi(hop of either Province 
 might be the Moderator of this 
 meedng,(or in his roomfome one 
 of the Bi/bops appointed by him) 
 and all matters be ordered therein 
 by common confent as in the for- 
 mer AlTcmblies. 
 
 This Synode might be held every 
 
 third year , and if the Parliament 
 
 do then fit (according to the A& 
 
 N a, of 
 
it TLpifcopal and fresbyterial 
 
 of a Triennial Parliament) both the 
 jircb^ifhops and Provincial Sy- 
 nods of the Land might joyn to- 
 gether, and make up a National 
 Councel : Wherein all Appeals' from 
 inferior Synodes might be received, 
 all their Acts examined and all Ec- 
 ckfiaitical Cnftitutions which 
 concern the ftate of the Church of 
 the whole Nation eUabliJbed. 
 
 \% TE are of the judgement that 
 * * the form of Government here 
 propofed is not in any point repugnant 
 to the Scripture ■> and tba* theSuffra* 
 gans mentioned in the fecond fropoji- 
 tion t may lam fully ufe the power both of 
 Jurifdiclion and Ordination, according 
 
 to 
 
government conjoined. i\ 
 
 to the Word of God, and the j>ratti/e of 
 the ancient Church- 
 
 Ja^ Armachanus. 
 Rich. Holdfworth. 
 
 N x After 
 
14 A Ftcr the propof A of this , An , 
 X"\, '*•*!• Many Qv Aries vyere 
 made , and doubts in point 
 of confcicnce refolved by the Tri- 
 mate ^d'w trie paifages of which he 
 hath left under his cson hand , (hew- 
 ing his pious endeavours to peace 
 and unity, which how far it then 
 prevailed is cut of feafon now to 
 relate^onely I wifh it might yet be 
 thought of 3 to the repairing 0} the 
 breach, which this divifion hath 
 made, and that thofc, who are 
 by their Office Meffengers of Peace, 
 andwhofe Jirft word to each bmfe 
 fhouid be peace ;, would eameftly 
 promote it, within the walls of their 
 Mother Church, wherein they were 
 educated ,and not thus by contend- 
 ing about circumfhaniiah loofe the 
 Jubffance-, and make our (elves a prey 
 to the adverfary of both, who re- 
 Joyce in their hearts, faying fo would 
 wehayeit, 
 
 Which 
 
"5 
 
 
 Which are the Trimates 
 works, and which not, 
 
 A Catalogue of the Works already 
 printed of Do&or James V flier ^ 
 late Arch-B?ihop of Armagh y and 
 Primate of all Ireland , which are 
 owned by him, 
 
 In Latine. 
 
 DE icckfarum Cbriflianarum juc- 
 cesfane & Statu. Quarto, 
 Londini \6i\. 
 Spiftolarttm Htbemicarum Sylloge 3 
 
 4°„Dubliniii^2o. 
 Hiftoria Gotefcbalci i 4 , Dublinii 
 1631. 
 
 N 4 De 
 
16 woicD are we rnmates wows, 
 
 J)e Vrimordiu Hcclejiarum Brittanka? 
 
 rum t 4°. Dublinii 1635 
 Jgnatii SpifloU cum annotationibm y 
 
 4°.Oxoatasi645. 
 De Anno SoUri Macedonum, 8°. Lon- 
 
 dini -'648, 
 lAnnales Veteris Te5hamenti t Fol. Lon- 
 
 dini 1650. 
 Amahs NoVi Teftamenti ufque ad ex- 
 ternum Templi isf Reipublk* $u> 
 daic6excidium,&cc> Fol.Londi- 
 ni 1654. 
 JEptflola ad CapeHum de Varkntibm 
 textus Bebraici hftiombw, 40X011- 
 dinii^z., 
 De Grcsca Septuaginta hterpetum ten 
 fiom Syntagma 4 . Londini 1^35- 
 Ibefe four laft are fold by bbn Crook 
 at the Ship in St. Raul's Churchy 
 yard. 
 
 In 
 
anaypmwnot. \j 
 
 In Englifh. 
 
 A N anfwcr to a challenge made 
 -^by the J efuite Aid/owe in Ireland, 
 
 Anno 1631. 
 A Sermon preached before the 
 
 Houfe of Commons t Fr/v,iS th . 
 
 1^18, 
 A Declaration of the vifibility of 
 
 the Church 5 preached in a Sete 
 
 mon before King lames 3 fane 
 
 20 th . 1624. 
 A Speech delivered in the Caflles 
 
 Chamber in Dublin , the 2.1 th , of 
 
 Noletnbar 162.1. 
 The religion profeft by the ancient 
 
 Trifb and Brittains, 4 . \6 5 1. 
 Thefc five are bound together in 
 
 Qtiarto. 
 Immanuelj or the Incarnation of the 
 
 Son of God, 4 . Dublin 1639. 
 A Geographical Defcription of the 
 
 Leffer Jfia 4 . Oxford, 1644, 
 
 The 
 
1 8 Which are the Primates Ttorks, 
 
 The judgement of Doctor Reynolds^ 
 
 touching the Original of Epifco* 
 
 facie more largely confirmed out 
 
 of Antiquity, An. 1541 . 
 
 His Difcourfc of the Original of 
 
 . Bifhops and Metrapolitanes 3 in 
 
 4°. Oxford ,1644, 
 His fmall Gatechifme re viewed, 
 
 ii°. Londott^Sy 4- 
 e5»His aforefaid Annales of the Old 
 and New Teftamentj with the Syn- 
 chronisms of Heathen Story to 
 the deftru&ion oHerufalem > tranfla- 
 ted out of Lathe in|o Englifh , now 
 at the Fieffc, Vol to be fold by Iohn 
 QroohyZt the fhip in St. Paul's Church- 
 yard. 
 
 in 
 
and xvmcbnot. 19 
 
 In regard there haye been, and 
 are divers booths printed, 
 'which go under the name of 
 the late Arch-Bifliop of 
 Armagh, but are not his, and 
 and more may be^ obtruded 
 to the injury of him , I haye 
 thought Jit, at the requefi of 
 the Printer , to giye the^ 
 Reader this adyertifement 
 following. .* 
 
 TN Anno 1640. There was a book 
 -* printed, entimled the &i/lop ofAr- 
 m agbs direction to the Houfe ofTarlia- 
 m ent , concerning the liturgy and E- 
 pif copal Government 7 and Anno 1641* 
 
 Another 
 
20 y/hich are the Primates works, 
 
 Another book entituled Fox Eiber- 
 nU, being fbme pretended Notes of 
 his, at a publick faft. Both thefc at 
 his Petition were fupprefled by or- 
 der from the Hwfe of Lor is and. Coma 
 mens, ft. Feb. 1641. and / hope will 
 not be revived. 
 
 For his [mall Catecbifme the Rea- 
 der is to take notice , that there was 
 a faife one printed without his 
 knowledge , and is ftill (old for his. 
 The injury he received by it com- 
 pelled him j to ; reyiew it , with an 
 Epijile of his own before it , which 
 is the mark to know the right Edi- 
 tion, though being framed for his 
 private ufe in his younger yeares, 
 (about 1 %.) he had no intention of 
 it for the publick. 
 
 It any Sermon Notes taken from 
 him have been printed in his life 
 time under his name , or mall be 
 
 hereafter 
 
and which not. it 
 
 hereafter (which divers have of late 
 attempted)The Reader is to take no- 
 tice that it wasagainfthis minde, 
 and that they are dijowmd by him, 
 which as he endeavoured to his ut- 
 mofttofupprefle, while he was/i- 
 VingJLoit was his fear to be injured 
 in it after his death. 
 
 For a further confirmation of 
 which , Khali give you part of a 
 a Letter of his, while he was *T3i- 
 /bop of Meatb t (upon the like inten. 
 lion of'a Printer 9 vrho had gotten 
 into his hands fome Notes of his 
 Sermons, faid to be preached by 
 him in London, and was about to 
 publim them) which he wrote to 
 Doctor Featly, Chaplain to the then 
 lArcb&iJbof of Canterbury for the 
 flopping ot i hem , in thefe words. 
 
 i befeech you to ufe all your poTter 
 to [aye me from that' difgrace, Tob'ich 
 undifcreet and covetous men go about 
 
 to 
 
it Wbieb are we Tnmites works, 
 
 u faften upon me, or elfe I mutt be 
 driven to protefi again jl their injuri- 
 ous dealings "With me, and (ay as Dona- 
 tus once did , Male illu j\t } qui mea 
 feU'mant edere ante me, 
 
 But I repofe confidence in you t that 
 fou will take order that fo great a 
 yprongas this may nut be dine unto me. 
 Remember me to worthy Doctor 
 Goad 9 and forget not in your 
 prayers. 
 
 Dublin^ Tour moft ajfured loving 
 Sept.16. friend , and fellow-la* 
 
 162.2,. homer 
 
 Ja. Medenfis. 
 
 That 
 
t«/m rvui^u rivim 
 
 ** 
 
 '"TpHat book intitlcd the fimme 
 -*- and jubflance ofCbriflian rtli- 
 gion t fomc of the materials with the 
 Method are his, collected by him in 
 his younger years, for his own pris 
 vate ufe> but being fo unpolifeed, 
 defc&ive, and full of miftakes, he 
 was much difpleafed at the pu- 
 bliming of it in his name* And 
 though it be much commended at 
 home f and by Ludovicus Crocius a- 
 broad,yet that he did difowi it as it 
 isnowfet forth,this Letter follows 
 ing , wrote to Mr. John Bownham, 
 (who caufed it to be printed^doth 
 fufEciently confirm* as folio weth. 
 
 SIR, 
 
XA vv mi>v arc *vz grity'***** vv vi #wj 
 
 YOu may bepleafed to take no- 
 tice , that the Catccbifme you 
 write of is none of mine, buttran- 
 fcribed out of Mr. Carthwrigbts Ca- 
 techifme, and Mr- Ctooks, and ibme 
 other dnglifh Divines) but drawn to- 
 gether in one Method, asakindeof 
 {jmmon.place-book , where other 
 mens judgements and reafons are 
 fimply laid down* though not ap- 
 proved in all points by the Qotieftvri 
 befides that the Collection (Tuch 
 as it is) being lent abroad to divers 
 in fcattered {nects, hath for a great 
 part of it mifcarried; the one half of 
 it as Ifiippofe (well nigh) being no 
 way to be recovered, (o that ioim- 
 perfeB a thing Copied verbatim out 
 of others, and in'divers places diflo- 
 nant from mine own judgement, 
 may not by any means be owned 
 
kna ^>hkb not, 
 
 by me.; Bat if it (hallfcem good of 
 any induftrious pcrfon to cut of 
 what is weak and fuperfluous 
 therein , and fupply the wants 
 thereof , and cart It into a new 
 mould of his own framing, I ftafl 
 be very well concent that he make 
 what ufe he pleafeth of any the 
 materials therein , and fet out the 
 whole in his own name : and this is 
 therefolutionof 
 
 May jj, Tour ittoft affured loi 
 
 164$. Ving/riend 
 
 Ja.Armachanus. 
 
 A Book 
 
 t 
 
4 s vvmco are we primate yporKs, 
 
 diately (ucceeding antiquity , Eve- 
 ry line of it coming from your 
 Grace'* band would be fttper rotas 
 fuas : as Sohmons cxpreffion is , ye- 
 ry apples of Gold ,-teitb Tiftwes of 
 Silver , and more worth than vo- 
 lumes from us : Think, that I (land 
 before you like the Man of Ma- 
 cedon, and that you heare me fay, 
 Come and help us : And as your Grace 
 is wholly given up to the corns 
 mon good of the Church, fay, whe- 
 ther you can deny it ? and if it 
 pleafe your Grace to take your 
 rife from my humble motion to ex- 
 prefle your felf in this queftion, 
 wherein I am publikely intercfted , 
 or otherwise, to profefle your <vo» 
 fmtary rcfolutions for the fetling 
 of many 5 either milled, or doubt- 
 ing Soules ,it will be the moft ac- 
 ceptable, and (I hope) the moft fuc- 
 cejGfefull work that your Grace hath 
 
 ever 
 
unu> rvui^' j nsfif 
 
 ever undertaken ; Ic was ray earneft 
 motion long ago to ( \*v-™ ) to 
 intreat this labour from your 
 Grace ; which now comes from my 
 meanncfle • your Gratious humility 
 will not even from fo low hands 
 disregard it ; with my zealous fait, 
 and hopcfull expectation of a yield- 
 ing anfwer , / numbly take leave, 
 and am 
 
 Tour Graces hum'jty.and 
 heartily devoted 
 
 Jos. Exon. 
 
 F I Wil S. 
 

 
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