tibraxy of 'the theological £min<xvy 
 
 PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY 
 
 FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
 ROBERT ELLIOTT SPEER 
 
 BX 9225 .C56 C53 
 
 Cleland, Robert Glass, 1885- 
 
 1957. 
 The life of Thomas Horace 
 
 Cleland = 
 
THOMAS HORACE CLELAND 
 
NOV 14 1958 
 THE LIFE OF Xi^^OG/CAL 80*5 
 
 Thomas Horace Cleland 
 
 A Memorial 
 Compiled by his Father 
 Written by his Brother 
 
 
 To Him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, 
 even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in His 
 throne. -Rev. 111,21. 
 
PREJJ OF GEO. RICE 6- -SON.5 
 LO.5 ANQELE6, QAL. 
 
Dedication 
 
 To Those Two 
 
 Who by example taught him service, sacrifice and faith, 
 and all the great things that a man should know. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 The following pages were written for a single, 
 simple purpose — that Horace Cleland, though 
 dead, may yet speak to the young men and 
 young women who shall perhaps read here the 
 brief story of his brief life. The idea of such a 
 Memorial was first suggested by the diary found 
 after Horace's death, and by the large number 
 of testimonials from friends and acquaintances 
 bearing witness to his Christlike influence and 
 character. His own life had been deeply stirred 
 by the lives of Hugh Beaver, Rose and Pitkin — 
 young men who lived for Christ and died joy- 
 fully in His service. His ideals and aspirations 
 here on earth were the same as theirs. It is 
 with the prayer that this little volume may have 
 something of the uplifting power, in its limited 
 scope, upon student life that their biographies 
 have had, that we have sent it forth. Only this 
 has induced us to give publicity to those intimate 
 details and cherished memories we would not 
 otherwise have spoken of to others. 
 
 "Horace's life was not great," you will say. 
 No, not as the world counts greatness. Yet 
 
Preface 
 
 great after all in the realities — in love, service, 
 sacrifice; great, too, in its living influence — in 
 men won from selfishness and sin unto Christ; 
 in lives filled with steadfast purpose and high 
 resolve; in lessons taught of purity and truth. 
 Great, chiefly, because it was numbered among 
 those who follow Christ whithersoever He goeth. 
 It is given each of us to attain such greatness. 
 Shall we not count it worth while? 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 CHAPTER I 
 Boyhood - - - - 11 
 
 CHAPTER II 
 College - - - - - 18 
 
 CHAPTER III 
 Seminary 28 
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 Crowned - - - - - 39 
 
A Memorial to 
 
 Thomas Horace Cleland 
 
 CHAPTER I, 
 BOYHOOD. 
 
 They are idols of hearts and of households, 
 
 They are angels of God in disguise, 
 His sunlight still sleeps in their tresses, 
 
 His glory still gleams in their eyes. 
 Those truants from home and from heaven, 
 
 They have made me more manly and mild, 
 And I know now how Jesus could liken, 
 
 The kingdom of God to a child. 
 
 Chas. M. Dickman, "The Children." 
 
 THOMAS HORACE CLELAND was born 
 May 19, 1882, in Shelby County, Ken- 
 tucky, on the farm where one of his an- 
 cestors had made his home nearly a hundred 
 years before. In his veins ran a trace of English 
 blood, though for the most part he was Scotch- 
 Irish by descent, the family tracing their lineage 
 back to the days of Robert Bruce with whom 
 they claim distant kinship. 
 11 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 On his mother's side Horace was preeminently 
 of pioneer stock. His great-great grandfather, an 
 intimate friend of Daniel Boone, was among the 
 first of those resolute frontiersmen who crossed 
 the mountains westward from Virginia to settle 
 in the newly discovered wilderness south of the 
 Ohio. Here his cool daring and kindliness of 
 heart made the name of Benjamin Logan uni- 
 versally respected, while the prominent part he 
 took in the constant warfare with the Indians, 
 together with the efforts he made toward the 
 establishment of law and order among the oft- 
 times rough and independent backwoodsmen, 
 has linked that name inseparably with the early 
 history of Kentucky. 
 
 Eliza , a granddaughter of Col. Benjamin 
 Logan, married Dr. Robert Glass, a physician of 
 Shelby county. Dr. Glass was a true Christ- 
 ian and a ruling elder in the Presbyterian 
 church. His untimely death by cholera filled 
 the entire community with gloom, for to 
 ability he had added self-sacrifice and unstinted 
 service. 
 
 Sallie, the younger of the two daughters that 
 survived Dr. Glass, married Rev. R. W. Cleland 
 of Lebanon, thus uniting two of the oldest and 
 best known families of Kentucky. Mr. Clel- 
 and's grandfather, old Dr. Thomas Cleland, was, 
 in his day, the most popular minister of the 
 12 
 
Boyhood 
 
 state, and his son, Dr. Thomas Horace Cleland 
 was scarcely less beloved. In addition, the 
 family was closely related to the Wickliffes and 
 Hardins — names borne by more than one of the 
 great orators of Kentucky. 
 
 It was for his grandfather, Dr. Thomas Horace 
 Cleland, that Horace was named. On both 
 sides his predecessors had bequeathed him a 
 good and honored lineage. They had united 
 in him physical and moral vigor, quiet perser- 
 verance, steadfast determination, the willing- 
 ness to serve for another's sake. More than all 
 they had given him a father and mother who 
 realized the responsibility of the trust of a life, 
 and who were worthy of that trust. 
 
 As a boy Horace was bright, energetic, full of 
 enthusiasm and gifted with a wonderful memory. 
 Before he was three years old he had committed 
 many poems and recitations with which he often 
 amused his audiences both in the home and on 
 the street. His voice was clear and strong, his 
 enunciation distinct, and his delivery forceful 
 and dramatic. He was a sunshiny, joyous 
 child, sweet tempered and good humored but 
 persistent. It was not easy for him to surren- 
 der. He always planned carefully and to the 
 minutest details every undertaking, and he could 
 not endure to see his plans miscarry. Disap- 
 pointment went hard with him and this was a 
 13 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 matter of no little anxiety to his father and 
 mother, who realized how often he would be 
 called upon to endure failure and defeat in the 
 coming years. The grace that enabled him af- 
 terwards to rejoice in the shattered purposes 
 and broken plans of his life could have come from 
 God alone. 
 
 One memorable night when he was nine years 
 of age Horace said to his father, "Father, I want 
 to unite with the church." His father ques- 
 tioned him as to his reasons and, after speaking 
 of the solemnity of such a step, advised him to 
 think and pray over it. The next night the boy 
 sought his father again and gave his answ T er: 
 "Father, I have done as you said. I feel I ought 
 to unite with the church." In the same way he 
 answered, of his own accord, the call to the 
 gospel ministry; and afterwards the appeal 
 Christ makes from other lands. 
 
 With the exception of six months during 
 which his parents resided in Mt. Sterling, Ky., 
 Horace spent the first four years of his life in his 
 native county of Shelby. From 1886 to 1889, 
 his father was pastor of the First Presbyterian 
 church of Owensboro, and here as everywhere 
 the lad was a great favorite. In 1889 the fam- 
 ily moved to Duarte, California, Mr. Cleland 
 taking charge of the Presbyterian churches in the 
 neighboring towns of Azusa and Monrovia. 
 14 
 
Boyhood 
 
 Three years later, owing to the growth of his 
 work, he gave up his church in Monrovia and 
 transferred his residence to Azusa. Here Horace 
 graduated from grammar and high school. 
 
 Horace's boyhood was the natural outgrowth 
 of the traits he had displayed as a child. He 
 always ranked among the first in his classes, yet 
 did his work not for praise or reward but for its 
 own sake. He prized his home life above every- 
 thing else and was his "mother's boy" — nor can 
 higher tribute be paid to any lad. Caring little 
 for solitude, he loved company and was univer- 
 sally popular among his playmates. Hunting 
 and fishing held no special attractions for him, 
 but in swimming, tennis, and many other forms 
 of outdoor sport he excelled, having the happy 
 faculty of keeping his physical and mental na- 
 tures in even balance. A strong tribute to his 
 life at this time comes from Professor H. H. 
 McCutchan, for four years Horace's principal in 
 grammar school, who writes: 
 
 "Horace Cleland entered the sixth grade of the Azus* 
 City Grammar School when he was ten years old and at 
 the age of fourteen was graduated from the ninth grade. 
 There was no schoolmate who did not feel the influence 
 of his kind and generous nature; no teacher who did not 
 recognize his loyal, industrious efforts. On the playground 
 and in the school room his cheerful patience and sunny 
 disposition endeared him to every one; and so deeply did 
 his Christian personality impress itself on his associates 
 
 15 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 that he will always be remembered as one who was an in- 
 spiration to his schoolmates and a comfort to his teacher." 
 
 The clerk of the session of the Azusa church 
 voices the same opinion, when in forwarding the 
 resolutions passed by the congregation at the 
 time of Horace's death, he adds: 
 
 "We had high hopes of his future career in the Mas- 
 ter's service, especially after his summer's work in our 
 pulpit. Oh, how earnestly he preached Jesus! A friend 
 said the other day, 'If Horace is called home he need have 
 no regrets. Even from the time he was in grammar school 
 his influence on his companions has been so strongly for 
 the right that to have accomplished what he has in that 
 way alone, is to have lived a complete life.' " 
 
 So as a lad Horace lived his life in "simple- 
 ness and gentleness and honor and clean mirth." 
 He was not perfect, only natural and wholesome. 
 Yet even at this age he was beginning to exert 
 an influence for good on those around him that 
 was so deeply to characterize him in later years. 
 
 In September 1896, Horace entered Citrus 
 Union High School. Here his life, even as it 
 had been in grammar school, was glad and joy- 
 ous, studious and earnest. He won popularity 
 without the lowering of ideals, and formed 
 friendships without the sacrifice of principle. 
 From one of his closest companions at this time 
 comes the following heartfelt testimony, giving 
 us a description of the maturer character of his 
 life as his fellows viewed it. 
 16 
 
Boyhood 
 
 " 'Think truly and thy thoughts shall the world's fam- 
 ine feed 
 Speak truly, and each word shall be a fruitful seed. 
 Live truly and thy life shall be a great and noble creed.' " 
 "Had Mr. Bonar, as he wrote these lines, had the life 
 of Horace Cleland in view he could scarcely have found 
 words more characteristic of that life. Although Horace 
 was but a boy when in high school he will be remembered 
 by those who knew him as a genial friend and companion, 
 with that happy look on his face or some witticism on his 
 lips. In his studies he was unquestionably at the head 
 of his classes, whether in mathematics, science or liter- 
 ature. Over and above all these traits stood forth his 
 noble Christian character — a character that condemned 
 the wrong and befriended the right regardless of conse- 
 quences. The words of President Baer of Occidental 
 College at Horace's funeral. — 'We are not here to mourn a 
 defeat but to celebrate a victory,' could well have been 
 spoken had Horace been called aw T ay by his Master even 
 during his high school days. 
 
 "I know of no more appropriate lines to express what I 
 believe to have always been Horace's ambition than those 
 given us by Jean Ingelow : 
 'I am glad to think 
 
 I am not bound to make the w T rong right, 
 But only to discover and do, 
 With cheerful heart the work that God appoints.' " 
 
 It was the same ambition, in some measure 
 at least on Horace's part, that One had who 
 made it His meat and drink to do without ques- 
 tion His Father's will and to accomplish His 
 work. Is any other ambition worth while? 
 
 17 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 COLLEGE. 
 
 Self-reverence, self-knowledge, self-control, 
 These three alone lead life to soverign power. 
 And, because right is right, to follow right 
 Were wisdom in the scorn of consequence. 
 
 Tennyson — (Enone . 
 
 Whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, 
 whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, 
 whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of 
 good report; if there be any virtue, and if there be any 
 praise, think on these things. 
 
 Philippians, IV, 8. 
 
 AFTER his graduation from high school 
 Horace entered Occidental College as a 
 freshman, giving up opportunities of going 
 to firmly established institutions that he might 
 cast in his lot with those who were striving to keep 
 alive the cause of Presbyterian education on the 
 Pacific Coast. Such a decision was not made with- 
 out sacrifice, for his ideals of the privileges and 
 pleasures rightfully belonging to a college man were 
 high. He realized he would lose much by going 
 to a struggling college like Occidental, where the 
 student was necessarily handicapped by lack of 
 facilities and equipment, and where the enroll- 
 18 
 
College 
 
 ment was a mere handful. More than all else, 
 however, he feared the future extinction of his 
 Alma Mater, at one time writing that he would 
 not object to the small college if only he were 
 sure it would live and become something in later 
 years. Temptations came to him from time 
 to time to enter other and larger colleges and 
 universities but he put them resolutely aside, 
 foregoing personal ambition for the sake of the 
 institution of his own denomination. Occidental 
 has never had a more loyal son, and her present 
 prosperity and rank rests upon sacrifices such as 
 he made in the past days of adversity. 
 
 In college Horace was even more popular than 
 in high school. Because of this and his unques- 
 tioned ability he was three times elected mana- 
 ger of the college paper and for several seasons 
 served in like capacity for the football and track 
 teams. As an athelete also he won a lasting 
 reputation. During the three years in which 
 he ran for the college he was never beaten by a 
 Southern California man in the hundred or two- 
 twenty yard dashes. In every contest "Old 
 King," as he was called, was counted on for two 
 firsts and only once, in a meet with Stanford 
 University, did he fail to win them. 
 
 Even in his athletics Horace sought to win 
 men for his Master. He trained and ran for the 
 sake of the college, but also with the right idea 
 19 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 that an athlete has an influence over certain 
 men that no other student has. It was such 
 men that Horace wanted for Christ. This de- 
 sire was the ruling passion of his college life, and 
 its influence was strongly felt in the work of the 
 Young Men's Christian Association of which he 
 was president at one time. The college was 
 small but the leaders among the undergraduates 
 were men of stalwart Christian character who set 
 high ideals for their own lives and the student 
 life of their Alma Mater. The result of their 
 efforts was the formation of a Christian man- 
 hood that has left its impress forever upon the 
 college. It was a manhood that made no apology 
 for its faith, and scorned the cowardice of shame. 
 Something of an idea of the work done by 
 Horace in the Young Men's Christian Associa- 
 tion may be gained from the words of Watson 
 B. Burt spoken at the memorial services. Mr. 
 Burt was intimately associated with Horace as 
 a boy and was afterwards a student in the acad- 
 emy when Horace was a Junior in college. Mr. 
 Burt was twice president of the student body, 
 during his college course. He said: 
 
 "I am stirred when I think of how much Horace 
 would make of such an opportunity to speak a word for 
 Jesus Christ. For if there was any one salient feature of 
 Horace's life it was his eagerness to advance the cause of 
 the Son of God. How fittingly we sang at the opening 
 
 20 
 
College 
 
 of this memorial service for him, 'More Love to Thee, 
 O Christ, More Love to Thee!' That is the hymn that 
 Horace Cleland's life is still singing to you and me. 
 
 "I am to tell you something of his work in the college 
 Y. M. C. A. I cannot tell you all, for he did much quiet 
 work and the Keeper of the Book of Life has many an act 
 and word of his of which you and I will never know. On 
 our college seal is engraved the Greek word 'Christos.' 
 So most certainly was Christ engraved on the heart of him 
 we mourn today. In like manner his own life has been 
 imprinted on the whole life of this college. Those within 
 the Christian Associations feel it in the inspiration of his 
 example of work; those without the Associations feel it 
 in the gripping force of that thing known as 'Occidental 
 Spirit,' for Horace was a pioneer of that spirit. 
 
 "I shall never forget the first Y. M. C. A. meeting I at- 
 tended in Occidental six years ago. It was led by 
 'King' Cleland as we called him, and he had chosen for 
 his text/The King's Business Requireth Haste.' It was 
 in response to his appeal in that meeting that I made it 
 known in Occidental that I was a Christian. Where 
 most Christians are weak, Horace was strong, in that he 
 was active in personal work. I mention only one instance 
 to show this. In the old days all the students sat in the 
 Chapel of the present academy building in double seats. 
 My own seat-mate had run up against a snag in his life 
 and was in great difficulty. As he afterwards told me it 
 was Horace who helped him out. 
 
 "It is my fortune that I knew Horace when a boy. We 
 were playmates together and it is to him that I am in- 
 debted for an early example of a young Christian charac- 
 ter. I worshiped him as a small boy does a big boy — a 
 hero worship if you will. I admired him as a young man 
 does an older, stronger man. I respected him as an under- 
 
 21 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 classman does a worthy upper-classman. I loved him as 
 one Christian worker does another. 
 
 "There are three features of Horace's work in the Asso- 
 ciation that have remained with me — his activity, sin- 
 cerity, purpose. Horace was no sloth. He was always 
 busy, always to be relied upon. There was no sham about 
 him. He delighted most in the hardest tasks. His ideals 
 were an inspiration to his fellow students; his purpose 
 always — the Will of God. 
 
 "Horace Cleland was a leader. Do you appreciate the 
 nickname his fellows gave him? We called him 'King' 
 because he earned the title on the athletic field, in the 
 class-room, in literary or religious meeting — alone or in 
 company, on the campus or down town. And I thank 
 God that I can know that Horace is today wearing his 
 kingly crown of glory. 
 
 "On the tomb of Wesley in Westminster Abbey is the 
 inscription — 'God buries his workmen but He carries on 
 His work.' Horace Cleland has gone from us, but he has 
 left us his heritage. Occidental is the richer for his life. 
 Do you not feel his spirit urging you to turn from your 
 self-interest, your shallowness to live a truer life, to work 
 harder for his Master and yours?" 
 
 It was thus that Horace made his influence 
 felt on those around him. His religion was with- 
 out hypocrisy or sham — a thing not of conven- 
 ience or season but the very bone and sinew of 
 life. 
 
 During his Junior and Senior years Horace 
 
 was often engaged in deputation work, speaking 
 
 in the pulpits of the surrounding churches, on 
 
 behalf of the Student Volunteer and Y. M. C. A. 
 
 22 
 
College 
 
 work. After one of these meetings in Santa 
 Barbara, Dr. Carrier, the pastor of the church, 
 wrote Horace's father a letter from which the 
 following extract is taken. Dr. Carrier is one 
 of the best known ministers of the coast. His 
 letter is dated Sept., 1902, when Horace was 
 beginning his third year in college: 
 
 "Your son won the hearts of us all by his admirable 
 address on the Sunday morning when he spoke in our 
 pulpit. He gave so unaffectedly, so simply and withal 
 so earnestly an account of Christian work in our colleges 
 that the attention of all, old and young, was held en- 
 chained by him. The delightful spiritual savor pervading 
 his whole manner of presenting the subject had for many 
 of us an especial charm." 
 
 One of the most helpful influences in Horace's 
 own life was the yearly conference of the Young 
 Men's Christian Association at Pacific Grove. 
 He attended all that were held during his college 
 course, and was constantly striving to increase 
 the size of the Occidental delegation. He so- 
 licited money, led meetings, and urged his fellows 
 personally to attend these conferences because 
 he realized from his own experience the lasting 
 good that would come into their lives. At 
 Pacific Grove Horace formed man}' warm friend- 
 ships with men from other colleges and with the 
 Conference leaders. Among the latter probably 
 none had a stronger influence upon him than 
 Horace Rose. In him Horace saw his ideal of 
 23 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 a college man, and the passion of Horace Rose 
 "to burn a path of light for Jesus Christ" became 
 the passion of Horace Cleland also. The early 
 death of Rose made a deep impression on his 
 young friend who began to realize that with some 
 indeed "the King's business requireth haste." 
 
 It was at one of the first of the Conferences 
 that Horace attended that he signed the Student 
 Volunteer Declaration. At birth he had been 
 consecrated to God by his parents — a child lent 
 to the Lord as long as he might live. It was 
 their earnest desire that he might become a for- 
 eign missionary, and when he was three weeks 
 old he had been claimed for India by Dr. J. J. 
 Lucas, the friend and classmate of his father. 
 But neither father nor mother had endeavored 
 to control Horace's choice of life work, and when 
 the call came, it came from God. 
 
 The same earnest enthusiasm that marked 
 Horace as an athlete or student marked him also 
 as a Student Volunteer. The claims of other 
 lands had taken such strong hold upon his own 
 life that he could unfalteringly urge those claims 
 on those around him, and the voice of Jesus 
 Christ had sounded so clearly in his own ears that 
 he realized it was calling others also. What he 
 had come to recognize himself, he strove to make 
 real to his fellow-students — that discipleship 
 means obedience, and obedience, service; and 
 24 
 
College 
 
 service ofttimes sacrifice. Because he felt that 
 these essentials were sometimes lacking in the 
 lives of those who had made great professions, 
 and because he feared they might be lacking in 
 his own life, he was constantly mindful of the 
 Master's reproach to His disciples — "For why 
 call ye me Lord, Lord, and do not the things 
 that I say?" 
 
 That Horace's eagerness and enthusiasm did 
 not go for naught is shown by a letter written 
 to his parents the day after his death, by a young 
 woman who is now fitting herself for missionary 
 service. After speaking of the hundredfold 
 that comes to those who have made some great 
 sacrifice for Christ, she adds: 
 
 "I am so thankful that God brought me to Occidental 
 where I came under the inspiration of such a life. It was 
 largely Horace's influence that led me to give my life to 
 the Master, willing to go where He wanted me to go. And 
 today I am praying, because of his life, that such may be 
 my consecration that my life too may count for some- 
 thing. 
 
 "When I was a Freshman, Horace led the meeting on 
 the Day of Prayer for Colleges. Its key-note of obedience 
 to Christ is ringing in my thoughts yet, and ever will be. 
 So the hundredfold, of which you two will share, will be 
 the souls brought to the light by those of us who shall go 
 to the dark places of the earth in his stead; and in those 
 who are brought to Christ from among his circle of friends; 
 and in those whose hearts are awakened to a deeper con- 
 secration." 
 
 25 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 The same note of the complete effectiveness 
 of Horace's life is also struck by Mr. Arthur 
 Rugh, a man whose friendship Horace counted 
 among his choice possessions. The two met at 
 Pacific Grove and were first drawn together by 
 their mutual interest in missions, of which de- 
 partment Rugh had charge. Afterwards, on 
 his visits to Occidental as Secretary of the Student 
 Volunteer Movement, Rugh always made the 
 Cleland home his stopping place. Later when 
 he took up the work of the Young Men's Chris- 
 tian Association in Shanghai, China, he corres- 
 ponded with Mrs. Cleland. The following ex- 
 tract is taken from a letter written after Horace's 
 death. Even across the Pacific Ocean he finds 
 results of his friends's life. He writes: 
 
 "Somehow Occidental College has always had a special 
 hold upon me and among them all I knew Horace best 
 and loved him most. I find in his letters several refer- 
 ences to the day when our special friendship began in a 
 walk along the rocky shore at Pacific Grove. From that 
 day on I think we were more than ordinary friends. I 
 shall not attempt to tell his mother about him but I do 
 want to put on record that for rugged manliness, pure 
 religious life, and likeness to his gentle, mother-like Lord 
 he will stay in my mind as one of the miracles of Christ's 
 power until I see him again. His work was done. I have 
 met in China more than a few men who knew him in Semi- 
 nary or at the Conferences and who will depend upon the 
 memory of him for part of their strength for their work 
 here. * * * Through the years we will remember 
 
 26 
 
College 
 
 the lives that will be made new by the life he lived and the 
 work he did." 
 
 Horace could influence men and women to 
 give their lives to Christ without reserve, because 
 he had so given his. Robert E. Speer has said 
 of Henry Ward Camp that ''he graduated from 
 college with high honor; but, what is more, with 
 the deep love of men who had seen no flaw in 
 him, and some of whom he had won to his Sav- 
 ior." The same words might also have been 
 spoken of Horace Cleland. 
 
 27 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 SEMINARY. 
 
 * * * * No life 
 
 Can be pure in its purpose and strong in its strife 
 And all life not be purer and stronger thereby. 
 
 * * * * Honest love, honest sorrow, 
 Honest work for the day, honest hope for the morrow, 
 Are these worth nothing more than the hand they 
 
 make weary 
 The heart they have saddened, the life they leave dreary? 
 
 Owen Meredith — Lucile. 
 
 After Horace's graduation from college he entered 
 Princeton Seminary from which his father and grand- 
 father had both graduated. The three years spent there 
 were years of growth and power. His life during this 
 period has been compiled and written by John M. New- 
 kirk, his close friend, for one year his classmate in college 
 and throughout the Seminary course. 
 
 HORACE CLELAND entered Princeton 
 Theological Seminary in the fall of 1903 
 and graduated therefrom in 1906 after 
 taking the regular course. He also received the 
 degree of Master of Arts from Princeton Uni- 
 versity in June, 1906. These were years of quiet 
 growth, of steady maturity. 
 
 Seven months of each year were spent in the 
 28 
 
Seminary 
 
 unceasing grind of Seminary work. The two 
 long summer vacations he passed with his par- 
 ents in California, where he preached as oppor- 
 tunity offered. The first winter holidays we 
 spent together in New York City — two lonesome 
 lads we were at Christmas, far from home and 
 knowing scarcely anyone in the city. Horace 
 passed his other holidays in Kentucky visiting 
 friends and relations. 
 
 He took no part in the social life off the campus 
 at Princeton, not making half a dozen calls in 
 three years. But he took a great interest in all 
 the activities of the University. He read the 
 Daily Princetonian carefully, and kept informed 
 of what was to happen on the campus. He at- 
 tended very many of the lectures, debates and 
 other University meetings. He also attended 
 most of the student gatherings; the " cane- 
 spree," the " cannon-rush," the gymnastic and 
 wrestling exhibitions. He trained each spring, 
 running the hundred and two-twenty yard dashes 
 and winning several medals. He was also 
 elected a member of Clio Hall. In fact I know 
 of no other Seminary student who took as much 
 pleasure in the varied phases of the University 
 life. 
 
 Almost everyone in writing of Horace after 
 his death gave testimony that they had been 
 
 29 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 impressed with Cleland's zeal in the advance- 
 ment of missionary work in foreign lands. 
 
 When we entered the Seminary, we found that 
 there was much less interest in mission study 
 than we had expected. A dozen men had en- 
 rolled in a course on Home Missions, while there 
 were two small classes organized for the study 
 of Foreign Missions, attended mostly by Stu- 
 dent Volunteers. The men who most needed 
 awakening were not being reached. At the first 
 meeting of the study class we joined, half a dozen 
 came. Horace and I had planned to leave early 
 to attend a University lecture. But after we 
 had left the room Horace said to me, "John, this 
 isn't right. There are a lot of men that ought to 
 join this class and would if we went at it right." 
 So we stood there in the hall and talked the matter 
 over. Then we returned to the room and in- 
 terrupted the class and roused them to act. The 
 next day Horace and I were appointed a com- 
 mittee on Mission Study in the Junior Class. 
 We canvassed the class carefully, and soon twenty 
 four were enrolled in Mission Study. Organiza- 
 tion, system and energy are needed in the Lord's 
 work as much as in business. 
 
 The next year the Y. M. C. A. made Mission 
 
 Study a separate department, of which I was 
 
 made chairman. There were eighty-four men 
 
 from the Seminary enrolled. A number of these 
 
 30 
 
Seminary 
 
 men have since volunteered and gone to foreign 
 fields as missionaries. I had a letter recently 
 from one of them in China, crediting me with 
 this result, but it should be known that the 
 first impulse of this movement came from Horace 
 Cleland. 
 
 In his Middle and Senior years Horace was 
 made chairman of the Missionary fund com- 
 mittee, which had charge of raising the salary, or 
 part of the salary of a missionary. Our first 
 year the students gave, I think, about three 
 hundred dollars. Horace introduced a system 
 by which each student was asked at the beginning 
 of the year to pledge a definite amount for each 
 of the seven months. This system took careful 
 bookkeeping and one or two men to act as col- 
 lectors, but Horace, who loved detail, was just 
 the man for the place. Almost all the students 
 contributed something, and in our Senior year 
 Horace had the pleasure of handing over one 
 thousand dollars! More important than the 
 amount raised is the fact that a large body of 
 young ministers were trained in the habit of 
 missionary giving and learned the value of sys- 
 tem in raising such funds. In its wide results 
 in the pastorates of these men, this is perhaps 
 the greatest work that Horace did. In addition 
 the impulse given to the cause of missions is 
 still powerfully felt among the Seminary students 
 
 31 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 of today. During the year 1907-8 nine classes 
 were organized and one hundred and seven men 
 were enrolled, while the contributions amounted 
 to over fifteen hundred dollars in cash and two 
 hundred and sixty dollars in pledges. 
 
 The place Horace gave to God's w T ill in his life 
 is illustrated by the following incident, taken from 
 a letter written by one of his classmates: 
 
 "One night at the beginning of our first Seminary year, 
 after Robert Speer had been speaking to the men on the 
 personal responsibility to go to the foreign field, Cleland 
 and I took a walk and we were talking about the address 
 and speaking our opinions as to what might be God's will 
 for us. I remember to have said to him: 'I would be 
 afraid to remain at home if I thought that God wanted 
 me abroad.' To which he replied: 'Yes that is the way 
 T feel about it. I would have no peace of mind if I were 
 not at work where God wanted me.' " 
 
 Horace was a thorough student and did faith- 
 ful work in all his classes. His scholarship was 
 considerably above the average. One of his 
 classmates, the president of the Seminary Y. M. 
 C. A. and one of the strongest men of the Semi- 
 nary, lays special emphasis on this conscientious- 
 ness in all things that he undertook: 
 
 "Over the memory of Horace Cleland in my life, there 
 is engraved in living letters the word 'Faithful.' It was 
 my privilege to know him very intimately for three years 
 at Princeton. We were much together under many cir- 
 cumstances and in many different lines of work and play, 
 and in every thing and under every circumstance was he 
 
Seminary 
 
 faithful. There were few in our class who were so faith- 
 ful in the taking of notes in the class room as was he, while 
 his fidelity to his study gave him place well up at the top 
 of his class. 
 
 "Then in the Y. M. C. A. work, if there was anything to 
 be done where faithful work was especially required, it 
 was given to Horace. He was asked to take hold of one 
 department of the Association work which had not been 
 much emphasized in the past and his faithful work raised 
 it to a standard, which with one possible exception, was 
 never equalled before in the history of the Association. 
 He was faithful to his friends and that is why we loved 
 him. But above all and over all he was faithful to his 
 Master. The way he kept his morning hour of devotion 
 was always a lesson to me. And it was a privilege to know 
 the power of his prayer life. 
 
 "When I read, 'Be thou faithful unto death and I will 
 give you a crown of life,' I almost instinctively think of 
 Horace, and in my quiet moments I have thought I could 
 almost hear the Master saying unto him, 'Well done, 
 good and faithful servant * * * enter thou into the 
 joy of thy Lord.' The memory of his faithful life will 
 always be an inspiration to me." 
 
 From the following letters from some of his 
 fellow-students in the Seminary we can gain an 
 idea of other traits of character that impressed 
 themselves on tkose around him. 
 
 One of his friends writes this letter: 
 
 "I had written Horace shortly after his coronation day, 
 not knowing that he had been called to a higher life. 
 What a glorious thing it is that this world may have the 
 fragrance of such noble Christlike lives. Indeed, he 
 neither lived nor died in vain, and now Christ is all in all. 
 
 33 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 To me Horace was a fellow radiant with joy, love, life, 
 happiness, service, — and above all with Christ. I got 
 to love him very much, in class we often sat together, and 
 we used one another's notes for copying, and the Y. M. 
 C. A. brought us close together, — but because I did not 
 live on the campus I never got as close to him as I wanted, 
 for to have a friendship like his was a treasure. I soon 
 found that he gave much time to prayer, although he never 
 paraded his religion; but that was his power house. He 
 lived very close to Christ. I don't think I ever saw him 
 but that he had that wonderful smile of his, and everything 
 was always 'all right,' showing his perfect faith in his God 
 of Love, which he manifested up to the last. His memory 
 will always be a sweet incense in my life and inspiration. 
 'There never yet w r as flower fair in vain * * * 
 Nor is a true soul ever born for naught.' " 
 
 Another is impressed with his outshining love: 
 
 "I heard of Horace's home-going almost as soon as I 
 came back to this country, in August. What can we say 
 but, 'His will be done,' who does all things well. It was 
 an early promotion and one well earned. 
 
 "Of Horace's Seminary life what can I say? Its beauty 
 was in atmosphere rather than in incidents. Two en- 
 thusiasms he had— for devoted Bible study and for 
 Missions. One outstanding passive virtue he showed, a 
 genuine, boyish humility about his own intellectual pow- 
 ers, though he was one of the strong men of the class. But 
 really the characteristic thing about Horace Cleland's life 
 as I knew him was just whole-souled brotherliness. He 
 was one of those Christlike Christians who wish to 'Live 
 in a house by the side of the road, and be a friend of man.' 
 It will never cease to be one of the blessings of my life that 
 I knew and loved him." 
 
Seminary 
 
 A third found in him a source of "sweetness 
 and light." 
 
 "I owe much to Horace. His beautiful spirit, his genu- 
 ine manliness, his sweet, strong nature, his fairness and 
 equinimity, were a constant inspiration to me. I have 
 never known a higher type of Christian gentleman. 
 
 "In the turbulent atmosphere of our club life Horace 
 was always a conciliator. He often warmly championed 
 some needed reform, but with rare wisdom, tact and court- 
 esy, and was always ready to honor the judgment of others 
 and effect a compromise or to acquiesce in the will of the 
 majority. I never knew of one enemy of Horace's. He 
 certainly never deserved one. 
 
 "One of my sweetest memories of Princeton is that of 
 the many walks over the golf links and through the by- 
 paths and the glimpses into the inner life of some of the 
 fellows. Horace was always a most congenial companion, 
 and many a gaze I had into the clear, clean depth of his 
 soul, always to my betterment. None could ever come 
 into close touch with him without recognizing a choice 
 spirit, big soul, truly a man of God. His big heart, clear 
 mind, culture and simplicity and his loyalty to Jesus in 
 the minutest details of his life all pointed to his bigness and 
 to me it always seemed no man in the Seminary had a 
 better prospect of certain greatness than Horace. But 
 the Master called, and Horace answered, willingly, and 
 went. Yes, went home. But still he lingers here in the 
 memories and affections and characters of all the men 
 who knew him. He lived not in vain." 
 
 The president of the class, David S. Tappan, 
 in a letter to Horace's parents says : 
 
 "There were few boys as popular with his classmates 
 as he was. He was my main standby in the Volunteer 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 Band, always willing to help in whatever we had to do. 
 As president of our class I want also to express to you for my 
 fellow classmates, our love for your son, and the debt each 
 of us feels for the example he set for us. He is the first 
 to be called higher. May each of us remember his ideals 
 and purpose and strive to accomplish the work that he 
 so longed to do for Christ." 
 
 Reference will be made to Peale, whose martyr's 
 death in the fall of 1905 so deeply stirred the 
 students of the Seminary who had known and 
 loved him. He and Horace were sincere in their 
 friendship and mutually devoted to their Lord's 
 great work. Several have spoken of the like- 
 ness existing between the characters of these 
 two, who followed Christ joyfully, even unto 
 death. This comes from one of Peale's class- 
 mates : 
 
 "Not since Jack Peale whom we all loved so much went 
 away with a martyr's crown upon his head have I felt the 
 shock of anything like I have the news of dear old Horace's 
 death. He was so strong everyway. Horace's was a 
 life lived so close to Jesus Christ and so much in accord 
 with his will that his home-going seems more like the re- 
 turn of a son who has been away a long while. The 
 thought of Horace over there makes the Homeland seem 
 so much nearer and dearer." 
 
 From Paoting fu, China, from one that had 
 known Horace intimately for many years, a 
 fellow student in college and for two years his 
 roommate in the Seminary, comes this tribute: 
 
 "I think I knew Horace as well as almost anyone out- 
 36 
 
Seminary 
 
 side the family and I count it a privilege to have known 
 him so intimately. He was true, pure, earnest, sincere 
 and loyal to his Master. I have been greatly influenced 
 by his life, and now his death has made me cry to God 
 that He will enable me with greater zeal and consecration 
 to throw myself into the work for which Horace had pre- 
 pared himself. His influence will still live. It was strong 
 for purity and loyalty to God both at Occidental and 
 Princeton. I know I am better for having been in so close 
 touch with him." — Dwight C. Chapin. 
 
 But it was not only on the young man of his 
 own age that Horace's life impressed itself. Dr. 
 Warfield, Professor of Systematic Theology in 
 Princeton Seminary wrote his parents: 
 
 "It must be a great comfort to you to know that his 
 heart was so sound and sweet and pure, and that his con- 
 stant endeavor was to make his life a fit gift for the Lord. 
 Lives like his brighten the path for others to tread, and 
 you may be sure that it was not lived in vain." 
 
 His work in the churches of Southern Cali- 
 fornia during the summer vacations and in those 
 close to Princeton during the sessions of the 
 Seminary was not without fruit and gave great 
 promise of his future usefulness. 
 
 Rev. Malcolm J. McLeod of Pasadena, in whose 
 church Horace spoke three or four times, wrote: 
 
 "We were always pleased and uplifted by his message. 
 His earnestness and consecration shone out of every feat- 
 ure. He was a rare boy — too rare I sometimes think for 
 this world — with a pure mind, a brave heart, a devoted 
 spirit." 
 
 37 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 Rev. A. B. Prichard of the Central Presby- 
 terian church, Los Angeles, wrote three days 
 after Horace's death: 
 
 "* * * i f ee i we should not only extend sympathy 
 to you (his parents) but congratulation. Those of us 
 who had even a slight acquiantance with dear Horace 
 realized that he was a young man of rarely beautiful 
 character. His message to my people last summer left 
 an ineffaceable impression, and again and again my own 
 children have spoken of the interest created in their own 
 hearts. It is high honor to have been the parents of such 
 a saint." 
 
 38 
 
Crowned 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 CROWNED. 
 
 God's plans, like lilies, pure and white unfold; 
 
 We must not tear the close-shut leaves apart, 
 Time will reveal the calyxes of gold. 
 
 And if, through patient toil, we reach the land 
 Where tired feet with sandals loose may rest. 
 
 Where we shall clearly see and understand 
 I think that we will say, "God knew the best." 
 
 May Riley Smith. 
 
 No, when the fight begins with himself, 
 A man's worth something. — 
 
 Browning — Men and Women. 
 
 God's finger touched him, and he slept. 
 
 Tennyson — In Memoriam. 
 
 NEAR the close of his senior year at Prince- 
 ton Horace was offered the position of trav- 
 elling secretary of the Student Volunteer 
 movement from the Rocky Mountains to the Pa- 
 cific Coast. From a personal view point he would 
 probably have declined, but realizing the greatness 
 of the opportunity and feeling that such prepara- 
 tion would stand him in good stead in his future 
 work, he sent in his acceptance to the International 
 Committee. Soon after graduation he started 
 for the Y. M. C. A. Conference at Gerheart Park, 
 39 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 Oregon, to take charge of the missionary depart- 
 ment. But some two days before reaching his 
 destination he was stricken with sickness. For 
 almost a week he carried on his work, but was 
 finally forced to drop it and hasten home. The 
 trip wore him down greatly and he reached Long 
 Beach completely exhausted. 
 
 The physicians pronounced his case one of 
 pleurisy, for the relief of which two operations 
 were necessary. These were borne unflinchingly 
 and proved in a measure successful. But there 
 were many weary days before the patient regained 
 even a fraction of his lost strength. Just how 
 weary these days were none of us, perhaps, will 
 ever know. For fifteen years and more, Horace 
 had never felt a touch of sickness, and now at 
 the very end of preparation and the beginning 
 of a larger life of service the unexpected had come 
 upon him. But there was no word of complaint 
 or impatience, though the struggle was none the 
 less severe because it was fought alone and in 
 silence. The following extract from his diary 
 shows the completeness of the victory: 
 
 "Nov. 19, 1906. Six months ago on my birthday I 
 made the last entry. Never before in my life have six 
 months been so different from what I had expected and 
 planned as have the six months ending today. I do not 
 know why everything has been so altered, but I thank 
 Him for it all for He has led me through it all and His 
 
 40 
 
Crowned 
 
 will is best. I would not change things back to the way 
 I had expected them to be if I could. 
 
 "Lord Jesus, take these last six months and use them 
 for thy glory. There has been much of sin and evil in 
 them — forgive it and overrule it. I thank Thee for the 
 way Thou hast dealt with me, for the sickness and the 
 changed plans. And now my prayer is that through these 
 next six months Thou would'st keep me very near Thy- 
 self — nearer than I have ever been before. Become more 
 real to me my Savior and let my life always be a power 
 for Thee and never against Thee." 
 
 Realizing that it would be some months at 
 least before he could continue his work as Student 
 Volunteer secretary, Horace forwarded his resig- 
 nation to the International Committee in the 
 early part of July, thus adding another bitter 
 drop to his cup of disappointment. 
 
 None of us, of course, can say whether or not 
 Horace would have made a successful secretary 
 had he been allowed to act longer in that capacity, 
 but certainly he had all the necessary quali- 
 fications. Himself an athlete, understanding 
 young men, naturally a leader, overmastered 
 by a passion for his work, he gave high promise 
 of becoming a power for the cause of Christ among 
 the students of the Pacific States. Even those 
 who had known him but a short time came to 
 love him readily. Mr. F. P. Turner, General 
 Secretary of the Student Volunteer Movement, 
 
 wrote after his death: 
 
 "There is to me a personal loss for I had come to love 
 
 41 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 him very deeply indeed, although I had not known him 
 intimately until he accepted the call to become a travell- 
 ing secretary. While he was with us only a short time 
 he endeared himself to all of us and we came to love him 
 very, very much * * * But I wanted you to know 
 that the sympathy of one who loved your son goes out to 
 you." 
 
 It was because the strong qualities men nat- 
 urally love were in Horace's character that he 
 won their affections and thus could lead them 
 into his Master's service. 
 
 As soon as Horace had sufficiently recovered 
 from his illness he was taken to his Uncle's ranch 
 near the mountains where his strength gradually 
 returned. By the middle of fall he was able to 
 preach occasionally, but the perfect health he 
 had once known was gone forever and his eager 
 desire to continue his work was restrained by 
 weakness. He had become w T ell enough, however, 
 by December to attend the Conference at Pacific 
 Grove where he led a class in foreign missions, 
 and he also took a Study in the Life of Christ 
 for which no other leader felt equipped. Per- 
 haps it was the deeper consecration that had 
 come to him through his sickness that led him 
 to do this, perhaps it was an unconscious knowl- 
 edge that for him the night would shortly come 
 and his work must be done quickly if done at all. 
 Certainly his whole life seemed filled to overflow- 
 ing with the spirit and love of his Master, so that 
 
 42 
 
Crowned 
 
 one of the Occidental delegation to that Con- 
 ference wrote: "At Pacific Grove I heard man 
 after man say that the one who had gotten closest 
 to them and helped them most was Horace 
 Cleland." 
 
 After his return from the Conference, Horace 
 continued preaching whenever he was able and 
 by the middle of January was usually conducting 
 two services a week, while his health seemed 
 decidedly improved. But the appearance was 
 deceptive, and on the 4th of February he was 
 seized with a fever that for four months burned 
 away his life. The battle he had thought won 
 must be fought over again and Horace settled 
 down to do his Lord's will in submission as he had 
 hoped to do it in service. Only now and then in 
 his diary did he show how the mystery and dis- 
 appointment of it all came over him. 
 
 After some six or eight weeks he was taken to 
 the country again in hopes that the change 
 might prove beneficial, but near the middle of 
 May he returned home, not in any immediate 
 danger but with only a slight prospect of final 
 recovery. It was at this time that he passed 
 through his Gethsemane; and it is well for those 
 of us who loved him that we cannot know the 
 full anguish of those dark hours "when through 
 the bitter night the Lord came down to tread the 
 winepress." 
 
 43 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 On the 19th day of May came Horace's birth- 
 day. Since his return from the country he had 
 seemingly gained in strength and it looked as 
 though he might be himself again in time. But 
 a relapse occurred, and on the 13th of June, 
 the commencement day of his college, the doctor 
 told him that the end was not far distant. He 
 had been expecting the message for some time, 
 and as he spoke of it to his mother his eyes turned 
 to a motto that had hung on his bed throughout 
 his sickness. It read: u O taste and see that the 
 Lord is good," and once more the presence of One, 
 who Himself had known disappointment and 
 suffering, brought peace and contentment. Two 
 days later, through the full glory of the long sum- 
 mer afternoon, Horace joyfully slipped away 
 "to stand forever before his Father's face." 
 
 In accordance with his wish the funeral was 
 held in the college chapel. Rev. Josiah Sibley 
 of Long Beach, with whom his father was asso- 
 ciated, conducted the services, but the simple 
 messages of farewell were spoken as Horace had 
 desired by his warm personal friend, President 
 Baer, and by his oldest and best beloved pro- 
 fessors, Dr. J. A. Gordon and W. E. Stevenson. 
 It was an hour when death stood stripped of its 
 illusions and triumph took the place of defeat and 
 sorrow. 
 
 44 
 
Crowned 
 
 Wrote a personal friend, Mrs. Stuart of Pasa- 
 dena: 
 
 "I have just returned from the most beautiful funeral 
 I have ever attended. When the death of your dear one 
 was announced on Sabbath morning my heart went out 
 in great sympathy for you all, but today I feel as though 
 I had been sitting in a lovely room where there had been 
 a translation instead of a death — a coronation instead of a 
 burial — a lovely room where peace instead of sorrow was 
 a guest.". 
 
 The body was laid to rest in the quiet cemetery 
 of Monrovia, and over it the world old mountains 
 keep their changeless watch until the King comes 
 to His own once more. 
 
 At the request of President Baer and of the 
 Young Men's Christian Association a memorial 
 service for Horace was held in the college chapel 
 at the opening of the fall term following his death. 
 At that service President Baer and Professor 
 Stevenson repeated the words they had spoken 
 at the funeral, while Dan S. Hammack, '05, one 
 of Horace's most inseparable friends, spoke for 
 the Alumni, and Watson B. Burt, president of 
 the Student Body, for that organization. Mr. 
 Burt's address has been inserted elsewhere; the 
 other three are appended below: 
 
 President Baer: 
 
 "We are not here this morning to mourn a defeat, but 
 to celebrate a victory. Horace Cleland lives! True, we 
 
 45 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 would not have decided that his young and useful life 
 should have so early begun in heaven, but he had given 
 his life to the King and the King had need of him in heaven 
 instead of upon earth. Blessed be the name of the King. 
 Our eyes are filled to overflowing and yet we say with all 
 faith, 'Blessed be the name of the Lord.' 
 
 "In these days of wavering faith on the part of some, 
 it was a positive uplift to sit by the death-bed of Horace 
 Cleland. As fast as I could I travelled from my home after 
 receiving the message that he desired to see me. At his 
 request we were left alone. We talked of his willingness 
 to go and of his unwillingness to stay, knowing that it 
 would only be moments before he would be with his Lord 
 and Master. His hopes for Occidental were outlined; 
 his love for his Alma Mater was expressed; his loyalty 
 to her ideals and traditions was little less than a passion 
 in death. The peace of mind and strength of soul-life 
 as his bodily strength slipped away was a real tonic to 
 me. Iron came into my blood as I saw this young man's 
 joy. As we talked and prayed it seemed to me as though 
 I could almost see through the gate. There was a reality 
 of the Christian life that I have seldom seen expressed in 
 actual experience. I verily believe until I join him in 
 that great heavenly city, the sweet, heartening influence 
 of his last moments here on earth will be with me, 
 holding me to Jesus Christ and eternal life. It was in 
 some ways painfully startling to have him plan for his 
 funeral services. Every detail had been arranged by 
 him and we are following his will and his pleasure. His 
 body, so sadly shrunken, lies stilled in death, but again I 
 say, Horace Cleland lives! He will never die! 
 
 "Young men, young women, his death should make our 
 lives sweeter and surer. I covet for every one of us Horace 
 Cleland's loyalty for Occidental. When at Princeton, 
 he was among the first of the men in the East who urged 
 
 46 
 
Crowned 
 
 me to throw in my life with this institution. Enthusiastic 
 ever, he imparted that spirit to others. His mantle was 
 a large one and falls upon us all. Lift it up and appro- 
 priate it and all of its responsibilities, and Occidental will 
 be enriched by your lives as it has been made rich by his. 
 His was worth while. 
 
 "I see him now as he stood on this platform on the last 
 'Day of Prayer for Colleges.' His message was a personal 
 one, a convincing one. Direct and true, it made many of 
 us desire to 'advance a step' in our walk with Jesus Christ. 
 Horace Cleland never blurred the line between first and 
 second choices; between good and bad. God be praised 
 for his life. God be praised for his victorious death. He 
 has entered the gates. Who follows in his train?" 
 
 Dan S. Hammack on behalf of the Alumni: 
 
 "The world gauges a calamity in the last analysis by 
 the amount of property destroyed. Last commencement 
 day the number of graduates of this college was consider- 
 ably swelled. But slowly the scales were dropping, and 
 on the 15th we suffered a loss which we cannot reduce to 
 any tangible quantity, for heartaches and soul-sorrows 
 can not be expressed in dollars and cents. 
 
 "Occidental lost a friend when Horace Cleland died. 
 Eight years ago this month he came to college as a fresh- 
 man. You came to a college firmly established, he to one 
 struggling. His advantages were not so numerous as 
 yours, but it is not so much what a man accomplishes that 
 counts as how much he makes use of his opportunities. 
 Horace Cleland made the most of them. 
 
 "Four years passed and in 1903 he graduated from 
 Occidental. The college was still small but its future was 
 assured. In my opinion Horace Cleland contributed 
 more than any other one student to establish that thing 
 
 47 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 we know as the Occidental College Spirit. Let anyone 
 who would lower it in anyway beware! 
 
 "Three years more passed and Horace had finished his 
 Seminary course ready for any work to which he was 
 called, seemingly on the threshold of a long and useful 
 life. He started for Gerheart to take up his work as 
 Travelling Secretary of the Volunteer Movement on the 
 Pacific Coast but on the way a sickness seized him. He 
 was soon brought home, never to really recover. Perhaps 
 God was trying him by that year of ill-health. If so, he 
 was not found wanting. Never did he fail to see God's 
 purpose in it all. The physical weakened, but the spirit- 
 ual never. 
 
 "For long years he had planned to be a minister; in 
 college he signed the Volunteer card. But on June 15th 
 he answered a Higher Call. God needed him up there. 
 He answered the summons with a smile. Just before he 
 sank for the last time, he said: 'Well, it's all right, I'm 
 going now.' And to one crying beside him he said, 'Why 
 do you cry when I am so happy?' * * * A little 
 later we laid his body away. 
 
 "In a very different connection, Kipling says in one of 
 his poems, speaking of a disappointed, disheartened man 
 who had been dealt a great blow: 'Some of him lived but 
 the most of him died.' When we consider the life and 
 death of Horace Cleland, and what he has meant and still 
 means to us, we can say: 'Some of him died, but the 
 most of him lived!' 
 
 "You have heard the story of Peale, that great Prince- 
 ton friend of Horace's who went to China expecting to 
 give forty years of service and to whom death came at the 
 end of four days at his station. Peale's death aroused 
 Princeton as nothing else could ever have done. Instead 
 of one man in China there will be men all over the world 
 
 48 
 
Crowned 
 
 as a result of his death. And that must be the result of 
 Horace's death on this college. In the seven years of our 
 friendship I never knew him to swerve an iota from the 
 right. You who heard those extracts from his diary know 
 the depth of his consecration to his Master. The church 
 is crippled by his death. Some of us must fill the breach. 
 His work in this country and on the foreign field must be 
 cared for. That is the call for us today — service. If we 
 are better for having known Horace Cleland how are we 
 going to show it? 
 
 "Many of you have heard the story of the Brig Boxer's 
 fight with a larger English vessel during the war of 1812 . 
 After a time the American was told to strike his colors. 
 He replied that he could not strike them, they were nailed 
 to the mast. Cleland's colors were nailed to the mast. 
 Are ours to be blown down by every gust of opposition? 
 Will we take up his work? 
 
 "He has gone from us, yet still lives among us; we hear 
 his voice no more yet can listen to his spirit urging us to 
 be true. We are touched no more by his hand yet we 
 feel the inspiration of his life. He has been promoted. 
 We are his substitutes here. Will we do our duty? 
 
 " 'He fought a good fight, he finished his course, he kept 
 the faith; henceforth there is laid up for him a crown of 
 righteousness * * * and not for him only but for 
 all those who love His appearing.' " 
 
 Prof. W. E. Stevenson: 
 
 "Eight years ago, Horace Cleland and I met for the 
 first time in Occidental College. We have been living to- 
 gether ever since. At times, three thousand miles of space 
 have separated us; but the heart annihilates distance, and 
 love overleaps continents, — and we have been living to- 
 gether all the time. And we are living together now. 
 There is, my friends, a life that never ends, and you and I 
 
 49 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 — and Horace Cleland — are living it together now, — we 
 on earth, he, in heaven. 
 
 •'But at first, we did live together in the sense in which 
 the expression is commonly used; for we met day after 
 day for months and years. It happened at the time of 
 our first meeting that he was pupil and that I was teacher, 
 but we were both strangers amid an environment that was 
 new to us. Naturally, therefore, our relations became 
 such as to justify me today in speaking with unwavering 
 confidence of my friend. For, Horace Cleland and I were 
 friends. Were friends? Horace Cleland and I are friends; 
 for I know that now I have one more friend in heaven. 
 
 "The conscientious preparation he had made for his 
 life-work, will never be converted into actual service 
 among men; but it was not in vain. How often have we 
 heard him speak with enthusiasm of Hugh Beaver and of 
 Horace Tracy Pitkin and of other heroic young men who 
 had entered upon a great work here only to be called 
 home. And there are in this chapel men who heard the 
 masterly and sympathetic address that our Horace made at 
 Princeton at the memorial service to Jack Peale. The 
 men who had been Peale 's fellow students during his 
 course in the Seminary, who had seen the almost match- 
 less efficiency of his work, who had felt the inspiration of 
 his presence, and who had known that he had dedicated 
 forty years of his life to the work of redeeming China — 
 these men were wondering at the mysterious providence 
 that had taken him from earth after scarcely a week of 
 actual presence in his chosen field. But Horace Cleland 
 saw, what his associates soon learned to see, that the in- 
 fluence of Peale's death on the missionary spirit of Prince- 
 ton students would be worth all that it cost. It will out- 
 last the forty years that that student saint had hoped to 
 give to China, and will bring forth fruit in consecrated 
 
 50 
 
Crowned 
 
 lives as long as sin remains to be eradicated and as long 
 as there are sinners to be saved. So shall it be with Occi- 
 dental College. Hereafter, our young men will have one 
 of their own number to cite as a splendid example of un- 
 selfish devotion and consecration. Horace Cleland's 
 work, the work God intended him to do, was done just 
 as well as though he had lived a hundred years. 
 
 "But such service as God permitted him to render here, 
 was rendered faithfully, efficiently, and successfully. In 
 all things, he was to be trusted — in his social relations, in 
 his scholastic duties, in his athletic recreations. I am 
 thinking not only or mainly of the vigorous athlete who 
 did his duty well and manfully on many a field of physi- 
 cal contest. Rather am I thinking of that manlier Christ- 
 ian who ran his appointed race amid the temptations of 
 life, and who has won a triumphant victory. Now shall 
 he run and not be weary, now shall he walk and not faint. 
 
 "He is pre-eminent in my recollection as the one who 
 never permitted sport of any kind to interfere with the 
 most careful performance of his daily tasks. Pleasant 
 always, ever courteous, enjoying keenly all that should be 
 enjoyed by a young man of moral energy, he yet did not 
 make the mistake of putting the unimportant first. Duty 
 first seemed to be his motto. And yet I take it that duty 
 first meant to him no lack of rational enjoyment. He 
 proved to us that he gets most out of life who is doing his 
 duty best, and he is most likely to be ready for a call to 
 the next world who is obeying the call of duty in this. 
 
 "But Horace Cleland did his work more than faithfully; 
 he did it efficiently and successfully. As long as human 
 nature remains unchanged, as long as God wills that effort 
 shall be prerequisite to progress, more will be required of 
 us than mere faithfulness. Horace Cleland had mental 
 power as well as moral purpose, and he used them both 
 effectively in the service of God and man. 
 
 51 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 "His intellectual abilities and scholarship were of a 
 high order, and so, when it became necessary to seek an 
 able man for part of my w r ork, my thoughts naturally 
 turned to him. He, however, deemed it best not to accept 
 the position, and you will think that the condition of his 
 health was the cause of his decision; but it was not so. 
 Full of hope that amounted to confidence, he felt that he 
 was at last ready to take up the work to which he had 
 dedicated his life. I was weak and very feeble; but this 
 boy of mine had come to think himself strong again — 
 strong for work, strong, if need be, for conflict. I was 
 about to rest and to seek health; he, earnest, enthusias- 
 tic, hopeful, was anticipating a call. 
 
 "And the call came. Not, indeed, the call he was an- 
 ticipating, not a call to the ministry of service to which 
 he had looked forward so eagerly; but yet truly a call, 
 though the messenger who presented it was not the mod- 
 erator of a Presbytery but the angel of the Lord calling 
 him home. 
 
 "There is a custom in the Peruvian navy of singular 
 beauty and pathos. At the monthly muster when the 
 roll is called, the list is headed with the name of Admiral 
 Grau, Peru's most distinguished sailor. At the mention 
 of his name, an officer steps forward, uncovers, points up- 
 ward, and says: 'Absent, but accounted for! He is with 
 the heroes.' 
 
 "Horace Cleland has answered the call. We who knew 
 him are meeting here today to do honor to his memory. 
 Often hereafter we shall think of him; not seldom shall we 
 meet and speak his name. It may be that no such cir- 
 cumstances of pomp and splendor as characterize a mili- 
 tary or naval pageant, shall mark those meetings any more 
 than they mark this; but that will matter naught. We 
 shall call his name — the name of this good soldier of Jesus 
 Christ, the name of our son, our brother, our pupil, our 
 
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Crowned 
 
 classmate, our friend. We shall call his name, 'Horace 
 Cleland', — and, thank God, all who knew him will answer 
 confidently: 'Absent, but accounted for. He is forever 
 with the Lord'. " 
 
 Reference has more than once been made to 
 the diary found after Horace's death. Certain 
 extracts from it were read by Dr. J. A. Gordon 
 at the funeral services, and better than all else, 
 perhaps, they showed his fellowship with Christ, 
 his implicit trust in his Father's love; the secret 
 of his overcoming life. These, with certain 
 others, have been inserted with the prayer that 
 other lives may find his hidden life an inspira- 
 tion. 
 
 "Oct. 1, 1904. (First Entry.) 
 
 "On this first day of October, 1904, I make a solemn 
 covenant with my God — that if He will draw near to me 
 this year, and keep me very close to Him, and reveal Him- 
 self and His will to me 'in demonstration of the spirit and 
 of power' — I covenant and agree to serve Him just in the 
 way He will have me, in the place He will have me, at the 
 time He will have me, — to use all my powers for his glory; 
 by His help to crucify self that I may be like unto Him. 
 Trusting Jesus Christ as my Savior and Friend; and the 
 Holy Spirit as my Sanctifier and Comforter, I give myself 
 in a new and loving consecration to Thee, my Father and 
 my God. Oh, use me for Thy glory, in the way that 
 seemeth best for Thee. And unto Him who is able to 
 keep me from falling and to present me faultless before 
 the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, to the only 
 wise God, my Savior, be glory and majesty, dominion and 
 power both now and forever — Amen." 
 
 53 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 "It is my purpose as I begin this new year of the Semi- 
 nary to live nearer my Master than I have ever lived be- 
 fore. I shall try to attain this end in two ways: 
 
 1st. To scrupulously observe the morning watch. To 
 meet Him and study His word before I meet others or 
 study human words. 
 
 2d. To try to do some work, however small and in- 
 significant it may seem, for Him each day. The present 
 alone is mine — 'for who can know what he shall do the 
 coming day?' 
 
 "Dear Lord, give me a greater hatred of sin — let me 
 catch something of Thy vision of sin, but give me with it 
 a vision also of Thy love for man and Thy saving graces — 
 a passionate passion for the lost." 
 
 "Lord God, may I not be satisfied with anything short 
 of Thy highest purpose for me. May I live very near to 
 Thee this week and accomplish something for Thee. O 
 grant to me a vision of Thee and of the cross, my Master, 
 such as I have never seen before." 
 
 "Give me a greater ambition, a deeper passion to win 
 men for Christ — May I be true to the great privilege Thou 
 hast given me." 
 
 "Jan 1, 1905. 
 
 My New Year's resolve : 
 
 To do always the things that are pleasing to Thee." 
 
 Help me, Dear Master, to be true to this resolve. I want 
 to begin and end each day of this New Year with Thee, 
 and live with Thee every moment between. Help me, 
 Father, to realize this purpose." 
 
 "Wrote letter to H — and also to R — Dear Master, use 
 both for Thy glory." 
 
 "May 19. 
 
 Reached home yesterday. Today is my birthday, 
 23 years old. My God accept today a renewed con- 
 
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Crowned 
 
 secration of my life, my powers, my talents for Thee. 
 I would use them for thine honor and glory and the up- 
 building of the kingdom in foreign lands." 
 
 "Nov. 2. 
 
 News received of Jack Peale's death in China. 
 
 "Blessed Master, Thou doest all things well: we cannot 
 understand thy dealings but we would trust thy wisdom 
 and Thy love. Bless the work he has been called from. 
 Use his death to spread Thy kingdom in China, and to 
 bless this Seminary. Oh Master make and keep me faith- 
 ful even unto death. Accept from me a renewed conse- 
 cration this night— if Thou dost want me to take up the 
 work that Jack laid down — dear Master show me very 
 plainly just where it is and when I should go to it, O 
 blessed Lord let me give to Thee a joyful and a faithful 
 service." 
 
 "Dec. 31, Jan 1, 1906. 
 
 "Alone in front of fire in little room at F — 's watched 
 out the old year. 
 
 May this year, 1906, be pre-eminently a year in which 
 I shall learn wonderful lessons in the school of prayer, 
 'Lord teach me to pray.' I would feel ever the constant 
 and abiding influence of my Savior and learn to trust Him 
 and rely on Him and commune with Him as never before. 
 Let me leave everything in Thy hands, O, Lord, Teach 
 me a trust and a surrender that I have never known 
 before. And oh my Lord teach me to pray." 
 
 "May 19, 1906. My birthday— 24 years old. 
 
 Jesus Christ, my Master, I want to dedicate and conse- 
 crate myself anew to Thee today, and not for today alone, 
 nor for this year alone — but forever. Grant me this year: 
 
 1st. A greater, truer devotion to Thee. 
 
 2d. A greater love for men and longing to win them. 
 '3rd. A greater faith. 
 
 55 
 
In Memoriam 
 
 4th. More power in prayer. Teach me to pray and 
 to love prayer. 
 
 5th. Greater devotion to and deeper lessons from Thy 
 Word. 
 
 6th. An entire consecration to Thee. 
 
 7th. A closer walk with Thee — a fuller baptism of 
 Thy Holy Spirit. Let me live up to this verse this year 
 my Master: 'Not to do mine own will but the will of Him 
 that sent me.' " 
 
 "Dec. 3d, 1906. 
 
 Two years ago today I made this entry 'Thou knowst 
 best and doest all things well.' Lord grant that I may 
 never come to doubt that sentence; but even when things 
 shall seem far from 'well' to my eyes may I be able to 
 realize that Thou art my Father and that all things work 
 together for good to those who love Thee. 
 
 "Now Lord in the closing month of another year I ask 
 Thy blessing. Keep me very close to Thyself and give 
 me a deeper Spiritual and Christian experience. Give 
 me the spirit of continual communion and of ever increas- 
 ing gratitude. Thou hast given much to me — grant one 
 thing more, a grateful heart, not thankful when it pleases 
 me, but such a heart whose pulse shall be Thy praise. 
 
 "Guide me now all this month. Make it a glad month 
 because it shall be one lived in Thy constant presence. 
 Keep me from sin or from aught that shall displease Thee. 
 Help me to be a blessing to others." 
 
 More than once reference has been made to 
 Horace's desire to carry his Savior's message of 
 life and truth to that larger world of darkness 
 lying beyond our own borders. He died with 
 that purpose unfulfilled, leaving us his mission 
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Crowned 
 
 and its responsibility. The final plea he makes 
 to the young men and young women who read 
 this little volume, being borrowed from the 
 cemetery of Princeton College, is inscribed on the 
 head-stone beneath which he sleeps: — "Go to 
 the heathen/' it reads, "they cannot die as I 
 die/' It is his last call to definite, far-reaching 
 service — that service which constitutes the 
 high aim of every worthy life. Shall we not heed 
 it, eager to finish a work of world wide, eternal 
 scope? Not otherwise can some of us do our 
 Lord's work. 
 
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