LIBRARY OF PRINCETON 
 
 JUN 5 2003 
 
 THEOLOGICALSWARY 
 
 BS 2616 .W5 1895 
 
 White; Wilbert W. 1863-1944 
 
 Thirty studies in the Gospe 
 
 of John 
 

THIRTY STUDIES 
 
 IN 
 
 THE G0SPft^¥4i:LHIL_ 
 
 Jt^N 5 2003 
 
 ISOGICALSEMINAR^ 
 
 PROF. W. W. WHITE, Ph. D., 
 
 of the Bible Institute, Chicago 
 
 Sometime Prof, of Hebrew and Old 
 
 Testament Literature in Xenia 
 
 Theological Seminary 
 
 FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY - 
 
 New York Chicago Toronto 
 
 Publishers of Evangelical Literature 
 
COPYRIGHTED 1895 FLEMING H. RBVELL COMPANY. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 PART ONE. 
 
 1 Introduction 9 
 
 2 Main Diagram 13 
 
 3 Charts 14 
 
 4 Special Suggestions to Students 26 
 
 PART TWO. 
 
 Thirty Studies in the Gospel by John. 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 1 Introductory — The Author's plan. . 29 
 
 2 Testimony of John the Baptist. . y. '..?. . 31 
 
 3 Testimony of Mighty Works (Part I). . 33 X»3^ 
 
 4 Testimony of Mighty Works (Part II). 34 
 
 5 Testimony of the Father T.OI 36 
 
 6 Testimony of the Scriptures (Part I). . . 37 ^;tji7. 
 
 7 Testimony of the Scriptures (Part II). . 39 ' 
 
 8 Testimony of the Scriptures (Part III). 41 
 
 9 Review of preceding eight Studies... 43 
 
 10 Testimony of Jesus Himself (Part I). . . 46 
 
 11 Testimony of Jesus Himself (Part II). . 47 
 
 5 
 
6 STUDIES LY THE 
 
 12 Testimony of V^arious Individuals 48 
 
 13 Testimony of the Holy Spirit (Part I). . 49 
 
 14 Testimony of the Holy Spirit (Part II). 51 
 
 15 Testimony of the Holy Spirit (Part III) 52 
 
 16 Laws of Testimony 53 
 
 17 Review of preceding sixteen Studies. 55 
 
 18 The Prologue (C. I. 1-18) 58 
 
 19 Instances of Belief and Unbelief 60 
 
 20 Development of Belief and Unbelief .. . 61 
 
 21 Secret of Belief 63 
 
 22 Explanations of Unbelief (Part I) 64 
 
 23 Explanations of Unbelief (Part II) 65 
 
 24 Review preceding twenty=three Studies 66 
 
 25 Results of Belief 6y 
 
 26 Results of Unbelief 69 
 
 27 Duty of Belief (Obedience m John) .... 70 
 
 28 Sin of Unbelief; Time and Object of 
 
 Belief 71 
 
 29 The Epilogue — A Chapter Study 72 
 
 30 Review preceding twenty-nine Studies 73 
 
 PART THREE. 
 
 Notes on Main Topics for Reference. 
 
 For Main Topics see under Main Diagrajn, 13 
 
 testimony. 
 
 I Testimony of John the Baptist ^^ 
 
 2. Testimony of Jesus' Mighty Works ... 84 
 
GOSPEI. BY JOHN 7 
 
 3 Testimony of the Father 86 
 
 4 Testimony of the Scriptures 87 
 
 5 Testimony of Jesus Himself 8g 
 
 6 Testimony of Various Individuals 93 
 
 7 Testimony of the Holy Spirit 94 
 
 RELIEF, 
 
 1 Instances of Belief 95 
 
 2 Instances of Unbelief 96 
 
 3 Development of Belief 96 
 
 4 Development of Unbelief 100 
 
 5 Secret of Belief 102 
 
 6 Explanations of Unbelief 102 
 
 7 Results of Belief 104 
 
 8 Results of Unbelief 105 
 
 9 Duty of Belief 106 
 
 10 Sin of Unbelief 108 
 
 1 1 Time of Belief 109 
 
 12 Object of Belief 109 
 
 PART FOUR. 
 
 1 Topics for Study ill 
 
 2 Words for Study 113 
 
 3 Specimen w^ord Study 113 
 
 4 Places for Study 114 
 
 5 Characters for Study 115 
 
 6 Outline for Chapter Study 1 16 
 
 7. Tabular Comparison of the four Gos- 
 pels 117 
 
8 STUDIES IN JOHN 
 
 8 Helps for the Study of the Gospel by 
 
 John 1 1 8 
 
 9 Courses of Bible Study Suggested .... 120 
 
 10 Lists of Best Texts in John 122 
 
 11 Order for Group Meetings Suggested. .123 
 
 12 Various Rapid Readings of John Sug- 
 
 gested 124 
 
 13 Some Rules about Testimony 129 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 "Life! Life! Eternal life!" was the cry of 
 Christian as he ran from his home in the city of 
 Destruction with his fingers in his ears, refusing 
 to look behind him. 
 
 The Bible announces the glad tidings that 
 eternal life is obtainable. "To make wise unto 
 salvation" is the primary object of Scripture. 
 "Ye may have life," are precious words forming 
 a part of the key verse of the heart of the Bible. 
 
 One becomes possessor of eternal life by believ- 
 ing. We are made " wise unto salvation through 
 faith which is in Christ Jesus" (2 Tim. 3: 15). 
 
 God does not ask any one to believe without 
 reason. The Bible has been given to induce be- 
 lief. In it are found good and sufficient grounds 
 for belief. This gospel by John was written 
 " that ye may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the 
 Son of God, and that believing ye may have life 
 in his name." (See John 20: 30, 31). 
 
 Faith rests on evidence, not on explanation. 
 One does not compromise his intellect when he 
 accepts as true on the testimony of a competent 
 witness what he does not understand. 
 
 The eleventh chapter of Hebrews is the faith 
 chapter of the Bible. The fourth gospel may be 
 called the faith book. The key words are zi'itness 
 and believe. The former is found nearly fifty 
 
10 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 times, the latter nearly one hundred times in the 
 chapters. 
 
 In the key verses of the book (20: 30, 31) the 
 author informs us that he might have written 
 much more, but intimates that in his judgment he 
 has presented sufficient evidence, and conse- 
 quently rests his case. We may proceed upon 
 the assumption that if a case is, not made for 
 Jesus Christ in this book no case can be made. 
 With all candour let us examine the evidence. 
 
 The Gospel by John became a new book to the 
 writer less than two years ago when reviewing a 
 former study of it in comparison with the other 
 three Gospels, he re-read 20: 30, 31, and the 
 question flashed into his mind: Did John make 
 his case ? The determination was at once made 
 to examine the book anew in the light of that 
 question. I began immediately to read from the 
 beginning. "In the beginning was the Word, 
 and the Word was with God, and the Word was 
 God," etc. I thought: John, you are making it 
 more difficult for me to believe. You are not giv- 
 ing me reasons for believing. You are simply 
 making assertions. I continued to read until I 
 reached verse 7 where are the words "the same 
 J came for witness that he might bear witness of 
 the light, that all might believe through him." 
 This gave me the clue. I said: John is about to 
 introduce evidence as in court. Lawyer-like he 
 is stating (as before a jury) at the very outset 
 what he proposes to prove. I was interested by 
 this time as never before in this wonderful book. 
 I was viewing it in a new and different light. 
 
GOSPEL B V JOHN \ i 
 
 With the words witness and believe in mind I 
 ran — literally rayi through the chapters and be- 
 came really excited as I discovered the relation of 
 these words to the material. I am free to confess 
 that the marvellous unity of the book for the first 
 time began to be understood. For many years I 
 had been very near — really in sight — yet it had 
 been hid from my eyes. 
 
 At this point, recognizing that to introduce 
 testimony in behalf of the Christ was John's pur- 
 pose, I remembered the summary of testimony 
 found in John 5: 31-40, which I had discovered 
 once in studying v. 39 for the purpose of deciding 
 whether the Revised Version was to be prefer- 
 red to the Authorized Version. In the light of the 
 context I had come clearly to the conclusion that 
 the Revised was better. Thispassageintroduced 
 the different witnesses in the case and determined 
 the order in which they should be called. Com- 
 pare these verses with the order of development 
 in the Main Diagram p. 13.* 
 
 It may be noted in respect to John's method 
 that he deals with positive evidence. "John's 
 method of dealing with error is incomparable. 
 He does not argue against people living in the 
 dark. He simply floods the world with light, and 
 a heretic must hunt a hole if he wants darkness. 
 In the prologue he does not mention what later 
 theology calls Unitarianism. He simply pulver- 
 ises it. In his first epistle he deals very sharply 
 
 * It is due the writer to state here that he was wholly 
 ignorant of the contents of the various commentaries, Godet, 
 Westcott, etc., until after the development of the subject as 
 found in this book. 
 
12 STUDIES IN JOHN 
 
 with it. His aim in both Gospel and Epistles 
 ■was not the overthrow of any particular heresy, 
 but the creation of an atmosphere in which no 
 heresy could live." * 
 
 "St. John is remarkable both in his history 
 and in his writings, for his abhorence of false 
 doctrine, but does not attack error as a contro- 
 versialist. He states the deep truth and lay? 
 down the deep moral teachings of Christianity, 
 and in this way rather than directly condemns 
 heresy." f 
 
 "Luther is reported to have said that if a 
 tyrant succeeded in destroying the Holy Scrip- 
 tures, and only a single copy of the epistle to the 
 Romans and of the Gospel of John escaped him, 
 Christianity would be saved. He spoke truly: 
 for the fourth Gospel presents the object of the 
 Christian's faith in its most perfect splendor, and 
 the epistle to the Romans describes the way of 
 the faith which leads to this object with an incom- 
 parable clearness. What need of more to pre- 
 serve Christ to the world and to give birth ever 
 anew to the Church ?" X 
 
 " O Almighty God, whom truly to know is ever- 
 lasting life; grant us perfectly to know Thy Son 
 Jesus Christ to be the Way, the Truth, and the 
 Life; that, following the steps of Thy holy Apos- 
 tles, we may steadfastly walk in the way that 
 leadeth to eternal life; through the same Thy Son 
 Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen." 
 
 * Chancellor W. F. McDowell in Studies in the English 
 Bible, Iliff School of Theology, University of Denver, 
 t Writer in Smith's Bible Dictionary. 
 t Godet in Commentary. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 13 
 
 '' L.IFE." 
 " YE MAY HAVE LIFE " 
 
 " BELIEVING, YE MAY HAVE LIFE IN HIS NAME." 
 
 " Many other sigtis therefore did Jesiis in the presence 
 of His disciples which arc not written /'« this book: but 
 these are written that ye may believe that Jesus is the 
 Christ, the Son of God : and that believing ye may have 
 life in His name y John xx. 30, 31. 
 
 REDEMPTION 
 
 OF 
 
 THE WORLD 
 
 OUTLINE OF STUDY OF JOHN, THE HEART OF 
 THE HEART OF THE BIBLE. 
 
 TESTIMONY. 
 
 Cf. John V. 30-40. 
 
 ♦ 
 
 Testimony ofjohn the Baptist 
 
 Testimony of Jesus' mighty 
 works. 
 
 Testimony of the Father. 
 
 Testimony ot the Scriptures. 
 
 Testimony of Jesus Himself. 
 
 Testimony of various indi- 
 viduals. 
 
 Testimony of the Holy Spirit 
 
 BELIEF. 
 
 Instances of Belief, 
 Instances of Unbelief. 
 Development of Belief. 
 Development of Unbelief 
 Secret of Belief. 
 Explanations of Unbelief. 
 Results of Belief. 
 Results of Unbelief. 
 Duty of Belief. 
 Sin of Unbelief. 
 Time of Belief. 
 Object of Belief. 
 
u 
 
 STUDIES IN THE 
 
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7.6 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 SPECIAL SUGGESTIONS TO STU- 
 DENTS. 
 
 1. Read these suggestions over once each 
 
 week, 
 
 2. Have a separate envelope for each study, 
 
 chapter, topic, place, character, word, 
 etc., and distribute your material as you 
 find it. Envelopes can be purchased for 
 8oc. per thousand which will serve your 
 purpose. 
 
 3. Have a special envelope for difficulties; 
 
 another for questions. 
 
 4. Have a special envelope for " Things to do. 
 
 5. Refer frequently to the diagrams in this 
 
 book. 
 
 6. Draw diagrams for yourself, thus fixing 
 
 facts in the mind. 
 
 7. Read this gospel in the Greek if you are 
 
 able to do so. 
 
 8. Let proper distribution of work be care- 
 
 fully studied where groups of students 
 use this book. Read over order for 
 group meeting p. 123. 
 
 9. Do not become discouraged if you find 
 
 yourself unable in a short time to master 
 the work here outlined. Take the mate- 
 rial as it comes. Be thorough. 
 
COSPEL li)' JO//y ' 27 
 
 10. When a difficulty arises have a season of 
 
 prayer over it. 
 
 11. Assign certain chapters to each member 
 
 of the chiss (in a class of 21 each mem-- 
 ber will have one chapter) for which he 
 will be held specially responsible as to 
 its teaching on the topic in hand. This 
 should not, however, encourage disre- 
 gard of i)orti()ns not assigned. The 
 whole should be studied by all as far as 
 possible. 
 
 12. Where a group is studying, one or more 
 
 helps may be assigned to each member 
 who will be held responsible for reports 
 from time to time. 
 
 13. The following is but a suggestion of what 
 
 is possible in relation to helps. 
 
 a. In connection with Studies iii. and 
 iv. ask some one to report chapter 
 4th (pp. 101-133) of " A Lawyer's 
 Examination of the Bible " by Rus- 
 sell. 
 
 6. In connection with Studies vi.-viii. 
 hear report of chapters 5th and 
 8th of same volume. 
 
 c. In connection with Study xiii. ask 
 
 some one to report in five minutes 
 chapter 8th of Stevens' Johannine 
 Theology. 
 
 d. In connection with Study xxv. hear 
 
28 STUDIES IN JOHN 
 
 report of chapter 6th of "A Law- 
 yer's Examination of the Bible." 
 e. In connection with Study xxv. Storrs' 
 masterly volume on, "The Divine 
 Origin of Christianity indicated by 
 Its Historical Effects" should re- 
 ceive the attention of the student. 
 
 14- Kecord results. 
 
 15- Meditate. 
 r6. Memorize. 
 
 17. Pray, obey, pray. See John 14:21 23 If 
 the student should fail to prove the truth 
 of these verses the author of these Studies 
 will not have accomplished his aim. 
 
PART T^WZ'O. 
 
 STUDY I. 
 
 INTRODUCTORY — THE AUTHOR S PLAN. 
 
 Directiofis for work on Main Topic. ^ 
 
 1. Read aloud the author's declaration of 
 
 purpose in writing- the book, chapter 20: 
 
 30, 31- 
 
 2. Compare his purpose in writing his first 
 
 epistle as found in i John 5:12. 
 
 3. Read again John 20:30, 31 and note: 
 
 a. John manifestly possesses more evi- 
 
 dence than he here gives. 
 
 b. He apparently considered that he 
 
 had given a sufficient amount of 
 evidence. 
 
 c. He is very definite in his statement 
 
 of purpose. 
 
 d. He emphasizes the fact that 2. Per- 
 
 sonal Saviour is the object of be- 
 lief. 
 
 e. We shall be much interested in con- 
 
 sidermg the evidence in the case. 
 The questioh in our minds will be: 
 
 * See lootnote p. 30. 2g 
 
30 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 Does John make a case for Jesus 
 Christ? 
 
 4. Refer to Main Diagram p. 13, and note: 
 
 a. The four gospels are represented as 
 
 the heart of the Bible. 
 
 b. The gospel by John is represented as 
 
 the heart of the heart of the Bible. 
 
 c. The whole of the Bible has as its 
 
 chief purpose testimony in behalf 
 of the Christ. Cf. iv. and vii. under 
 Testimony. John 20: 30, 31 is ap- 
 propriate for the entire Bible. 
 
 5. Read carefully the Introduction pp. 9-12 
 
 noting especially the relation of 5:31-40 
 to the development of this subject. 
 
 6. Read rapidly the entire gospel by John, 
 
 using the Revised Version, underscoring 
 the words Believe and J fitness and 
 note with care the connection in each 
 case. 
 
 7. Write out a brief statement of the results 
 
 of your study. Relate to some friend 
 what you have learned. 
 
 * Consult order for group meeting p. 123 and note that 
 the development of the Main Topic is one part only of 
 the work. Reports on Special Topics, Words, Places, 
 Characters, Diffictilties, etc., should be heard. These of 
 course must be brief. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 31 
 
 STUDY II. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 . Glance through the gospel and note all 
 passages in which John the Baptist is 
 named. Nineteen times, and always he 
 is called simply John. Cf. his title in 
 Matt., Mk. and Luke. Why this differ- 
 ence? 
 
 . Read the prologue (John i:i-i8)and at- 
 tempt to answer the question why the 
 testimony of John is here referred to. 
 See Godet V. i. p. 516. 
 
 . Read the remainder of chapter i, and ac- 
 count for the prominence of the testi- 
 mony of John here. 
 
 . Consider the competency of John the Bap- 
 tist as a witness. In doing this note 
 (and here compare material in other 
 gospels): 
 
 a. His character. 
 
 b. His mission. 
 
 c. Testimony of people as recorded by 
 
 John in chap. 10. 
 
 d. Testimony of Jesus about John re- 
 
 corded in various places. 
 
32 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 e. Read quotations from Expositor's 
 Bible,p. 78 of this book. 
 
 5. Note Jesus' appeal to testimony of John. 
 
 Chap. 5. 
 
 6. Note by whom is it declared to be John's 
 
 mission to testify. 
 
 7. Note various occasions recorded in Chap. 
 
 I, on which John testified. 
 
 8. Note facts concerning which he testified 
 
 on these occasions. 
 Q. Note testimony of John found in chap. 3, 
 when his disciples complained of the 
 popularity of Jesus. 
 
 10. When you have a little spare time sludy 
 
 the words in John 3:31-36 to determine 
 whether they are the words of John the 
 Baptist, or those of the evangelist, or 
 those of the Baptist and evangelist in- 
 termingled. 
 
 11. Discover statement of results of testimony 
 
 of John the Baptist as recorded in John 
 10. 
 
 1 2. Compare Matt., Mark and Luke for sup- 
 
 plementary material on this topic. Read 
 Stalker's two Johns pp. 189-270. 
 
 13. Compare results of your work with devel- 
 
 opment found on p. 'j'j of this book. 
 
 14. Write to some friend about what you have 
 
 learned in this study. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 33 
 
 STUDY III. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF JESUS' MIGHTY WORKS. 
 
 (part I). 
 Directio7is for Work : 
 
 1. Read John 20:30,31 and note the use of 
 
 the word st£-ns. 
 
 2. Read John 20:30,31 a second time and 
 
 note the use of the word ^^ese in the ex- 
 pression, " But these are written." 
 
 3. Read rapidly through the entire gospel 
 
 and note the use of the word sz£-n, which 
 is found seventeen times. Copy on pa- 
 per in order every verse of the gospel in 
 which the word si'^n occurs. Preserve 
 for reference. 
 
 4. Consult and study charts pp. 15-25 in this 
 
 connection, 
 
 5. Make a diagram of your own and locate 
 
 the seven miracles recorded by John in 
 the book proper, 
 
 6. Study these seven signs to discover, if 
 
 possible, the principle of their selection 
 from the forty recorded by the four 
 evangelists. Read here Expositor's 
 Bible V. I, pp. 171, 180, or p. 84 this 
 volume. 
 
 7. Study in connection with each sign the 
 
 occasion, the place, the time, the observ- 
 ers, the method, the results. 
 
34 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 8. Note especially the relation of the raising 
 
 of Lazarus to Jesus' own death. 
 
 9. Read in Matt. Mark and Luke the record 
 
 of some of the " many other signs " which 
 Jesus did in the presence of his disciples 
 which are not written in this book. 
 
 10. If time allows make an exhaustive study 
 
 of the recorded miracles of our Lord as 
 suggested by diagram p. 25. 
 
 11. Compare results of your study with notes 
 
 on p. 84 of this book. 
 
 12. Lay aside all helps and write out a brief 
 
 statement of what you have learned in 
 this study. 
 i3. Write to a friend about the signs in the 
 gospel by John. 
 
 STUDY IV. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF JESUS' MIGHTY WORKS. 
 (part II). 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 [. Read John 5:31-40, and note the different 
 witnesses to which Jesus appeals. 
 
 I. Read in chapter 10 other appeals of Jesus 
 to the testimony of His mighty works. 
 Note occasion, audience, effect, etc. 
 
 3. Compare Jesus' answer to John's messen- 
 gers (Matt. 11:4-6) for his own estimate 
 of His mighty works. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 35 
 
 4. Read the gospel through rapidly and note 
 
 every passage in which the word work 
 (which is found 23 times) occurs. Copy 
 on a sheet of paper for reference every 
 verse in which the word occurs. 
 
 5. Look into the difference of meaning in 
 
 the original of these two words, sigti and 
 works. 
 
 6. Study the following definitions of the word 
 
 sign: '•' etnbodiment of truth in deed;" 
 ''object lesson;''' ''deed having signifi- 
 cajtce / " " token ". 
 
 7. Consider the following definitions of work: 
 
 "an accojnplishment ;''' " a deed which 
 is natural to the doer."' 
 
 8. In your study of this subject examine 
 
 charts pp. 15-25 with care. From mem- 
 ory draw diagrams for yourself. 
 
 9. Read Westcott's Introduction in Bible 
 
 Commentary, pp. 75, 76. 
 ro. Read Dod's in Expositor's Bible on John, 
 Vol. II, pp. 422-427. 
 
 11. Read Farrar's Messages of the Books, p. 
 
 108. 
 
 12. Read the Two Johns of the New Testa- 
 
 ment, by Stalker, pp. 240-244. 
 
 13. Compare pages 84, 85 of this volume. 
 
 14. Write out brief statement of results of your 
 
 study. Relate the same to a friend, and 
 write a letter to another friend about it. 
 
36 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 STUDY V. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE FATHER. 
 
 Directions for IVork. 
 
 1. Read John 5:31-40 and note the different 
 
 witnesses to which John appeals. Note 
 place of the Father's testimony and that 
 it is distinguished from that of the Scrip- 
 tures; also from that of the mighty works 
 which however Jesus declares to have 
 been done in the Father's name. Com- 
 pare passages where Jesus asserts that 
 by the Spirit of God He wrought. 
 
 2. Discover in chapters 6, 7 and 8 other ap- 
 
 peals of Jesus to the testimony of the 
 Father in His behalf. 
 
 3. Study John the Baptist's account (in chap. 
 
 i) of the witness of the Father at the bap- 
 tism. 
 
 4. Study occasion for, and effects of voice 
 
 from Heaven, account of which is given 
 in chapter 12. 
 
 5. Compare other instances of a voice from 
 
 Heaven to Jesus, record of which we 
 have in the gospels. 
 
 6. Study 1:14 to discover whether the evan- 
 
 gelist here refers to the transfiguration. 
 Cf. Peter's account of it in i Peter 1:17. 
 
 7. Read i John 5:9, 10 on the testimony of 
 
 Father. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 37 
 
 8. Read also i John i:io; 2:4, 22 where peo- 
 
 ple are Ipvingly called Jiars. Here is the 
 sweet violence of truth displayed. 
 
 9. Study testimony of the Father to Jesus es- 
 
 pecially in the matter of the resurrection 
 in such passages as Acts 2:24, 32, 36: 3: 
 15; 4:10; I Cor. J5; Rom. 1:4. 
 
 10. Read the entire gospel and note every 
 
 passage in which the word Father occurs. 
 Study relationship of the Father to Jesus 
 as presented in the 4th gospel. 
 
 11. Write to a friend about what you have 
 
 learned in this study. 
 
 STUDY VI. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE SCRIPTURES (PART l). 
 
 Direciio7is for H ^or'k. 
 
 I. Read John 5:31-40 once more and note: 
 a. That Jesus in v. 31 either (a) waives 
 His right to testify, or (b) tells the 
 Jews they would not accept His 
 testimony about himself if He 
 should give it, or (c) tells them that 
 His testimony uncorroborated they 
 are not asked to accept. Surely 
 He does not mean to say that he 
 is not speaking the truth, for cf. 
 8:14. 
 
38 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 b. That He appeals to the testimony of 
 
 another which He is sure is true. vs. 
 
 32, 34, 36. 
 
 c. That He appeals to John's testimony 
 
 not because it is the strongest 
 which He has but in the hope that 
 they who had counted John such a 
 great man would listen to his testi- 
 mony. 
 
 d. That He appeals to the testimony of 
 
 John the Baptist, His mighty works, 
 the Father and the Scriptures (i. e. 
 the Old Testament) in order. 
 
 e. That He declares the trouble with 
 
 His hearers to be not a lack of evi- 
 dence but wilful refusal to accept 
 the testimony. For this reason they 
 will not come to Him, v. 40. 
 / Re-read the entire passage and note 
 the superiority of the revised ren- 
 dering of verse 39. Evidently Je- 
 sus is not advising these hearers to 
 study the Scriptures further. He is 
 disappointed that after their study 
 of the Scriptures from childhood 
 and His own manifestations among 
 them they do not recognize Him as 
 the Messiah whom the Scriptures 
 (i. e. the Old Testament) announce. 
 2. Read the gospel by John through rapidly 
 for all appeals or references to fulfilment 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 39 
 
 of Scripture. Write these out on a sheet 
 of paper and preserve for reference. 
 Note the chapter in which the greatest 
 number occurs. Study each and exam- 
 ine with care the Old Testament passage 
 or passages to which appeal is made. 
 
 3. Glance through Matthew, Mark and Luke 
 
 and note quotations of and appeals to 
 fulfilment of Scripture. Which gospel 
 contains the greatest number? Why? 
 
 4. Write out on a slip of paper results of 
 
 your work. Relate the same to a friend. 
 
 5. Write to a friend to whom you have not 
 
 yet written about this work, and relate 
 what you have learned in this study. 
 
 STUDY VII. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE SCRIPTURES (PART II). 
 
 Directioits for Work. 
 I. Glance at Main Diagram and note: 
 
 a. The part of the Bible referred to by 
 
 "the Scriptures" is the Old Testa- 
 ment — The books from Genesis to 
 Malachi. 
 
 b. That while we have already exam- 
 
 ined the testimony of the Father, 
 yet in the chart in the space as- 
 signed to the O. T. are written the 
 
40 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 words THE FATHER. Inquire into 
 the reason for this. 
 c. Note the relation of the terms the 
 
 FATHER, THE SON and THE HOLY 
 
 SPIRIT, observing that the son 
 touches all four spaces assigned to 
 the gospels. 
 2o Read Luke 24:44. 
 
 3. Note the following distribution of books 
 
 according to the Hebrew Bible under the 
 three divisions there mentioned: 
 
 a. The Law — Genesis, Exodus, Leviti- 
 
 cus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. 
 
 b. The Prophets — Joshua, Judges, Sam- 
 
 uel, Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Eze- 
 kiel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, 
 Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, 
 Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Mal- 
 achi. 
 
 c. The Psalms — Psalms, Proverbs, Job, 
 
 Canticles, Ruth, Lamentations, Ec- 
 clesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Ne- 
 hemiah. Chronicles. 
 
 4. Collect as many definite Predictions about 
 
 the Christ as time will permit: 
 
 a. From the Law. 
 
 b. From the Prophets. 
 
 c. From the Psalms. 
 
 5. Collect as many typical fore-shadowings 
 
 of the Christ as time will permit: 
 
 a. From the Law. 
 
 b. From the Prophets. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 
 
 41 
 
 8. 
 
 c. From the Psalms. 
 What is the most striking direct predic- 
 tion found: 
 
 a. In the Law? 
 
 b. In the Prophets? 
 
 c. In the Psahiis? 
 
 What is the most striking typical fore- 
 shadowing found: 
 
 a. In the Law? 
 
 b. In the Prophets? 
 
 c. In the Psalms? 
 
 Write to a friend about this study. 
 
 STUDY VIII. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE SCRIPTURES (PART III). 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 I. Divide the Old Testament time into the 
 following twelve periods and assign an 
 important direct prediction and a typi- 
 cal fore=shadowing to each so far as you 
 may be able: 
 
 ^ 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 S 
 o 
 
 9 
 
 o 
 
 10 
 
 T3 
 
 II 
 
 12 
 
 c 
 
 C 
 
 
 
 C 
 0) 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 bx) 
 
 P 
 
 
 
 .2 
 _2 
 
 .2 
 "> 
 
 
 4) 
 
 "on 
 
 
 60 
 
 
 'c 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 s 
 
 .2 
 
 
 -a 
 
 c 
 
 P 
 
 CO 
 
 1 
 
 
 bxi 
 
 .2 
 
 o 
 
 
 1fi 
 
 
 c 
 
 CQ 
 
 c; 
 
 1 
 
 
 > 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 rt 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 1 
 
 Oh 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Y 
 
 ;3 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 k 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 -d 
 
 1 
 
 -a 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 t3 
 
 1 
 
 73 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 T3 
 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 
 .2 
 
 .2 
 
 O 
 
 'C 
 
 
 
 
 4> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 
 'C 
 
 ui 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 'C 
 
 
 (U 
 
 <u 
 
 <u 
 
 <u 
 
 a; 
 
 <u 
 
 0) 
 
 0) 
 
 <u 
 
 <u 
 
 <U 
 
 cu 
 
 Oh 
 
 Oh 
 
 Q. 
 
 Pi 
 
 0. 
 
 Pl, 
 
 a. 
 
 cu 
 
 Oh 
 
 0. 
 
 Oh 
 
42 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 2. Collect passages from the law, the 
 PROPHETS and the psalms (see Study 
 VII. 3) arranging them in order of time 
 as they refer to Jesus' life and work. 
 /. e. Collect: 
 
 a. Passages relating to His ancestry, etc. 
 
 b. Passages relating to His birth. 
 
 c. Passages relating to His early life. 
 
 d. Passages relating to His later life. 
 
 e. Passages relating to His death. 
 
 f. Passages relating to His resurrection. 
 
 3. Four lines of evidence are commonly 
 cited for the divinity of Christ as follows: 
 
 a. Divine names are given Him, and 
 
 claimed by Him. 
 
 b. Divine attributes are given Him and 
 
 are claimed by Him. 
 
 c. Divine works were and are wrought 
 
 by Him. 
 
 d. Divine worship was and is rendered 
 
 to Him. 
 Cite passages from The Scriptures so far 
 as you may be able verifying the points 
 in the following outline. 
 "THEY TESTIFY OF ME." 
 
 ^ r Titles \ ^- Human 
 , I. iities-i^^ Divine 
 
 
 r A*.*, -u 4.^ > a. Human 
 [. Attributes ^^^_ Divine 
 
 r a. Prophet — specific — typical 
 
 3. Works \ b. Priest — specific— typical 
 
 ( c. King — specific — typical 
 
 4. Worship. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 43 
 
 ^- Titles I - -i-- 
 a.A«nbutes|-Hun;an 
 
 cr; I r a. Prophet — specific — typical 
 
 Ph I 3. Works ] b. Priest — specific — typical 
 
 —: I ( C.King — specific — typical 
 
 ■^ \ 4. Worship 
 
 ^ ' I Titles \ ^' Human 
 3 I ^- ^'^'^^^b. Divine 
 
 ^^ I ^ Attributes i ''^- ^""^an 
 fiH j -• ^«r't)utes I ^^ Divine 
 
 g ] ^ a. Prophet — specific — typical 
 
 fS I 3. Works \ b. Priest — specific — typical 
 ^1 ( c. King — specific — typical 
 
 ;z; t4- Worship. 
 4. Do not fail to write to a friend to whom 
 you have not written for a year. In the 
 letter state briefly the result of your study 
 of this subject. 
 
 STUDY IX. 
 
 REVIEW OF THE PRECEDING EIGHT STUDIES. 
 
 Directio7is for lf^orl\ 
 
 1. Without referring to notes glance down 
 
 the MAIN TOPICS p. 5, and recall what 
 you are able in connection with each 
 study. 
 
 2. Answer the following questions: 
 
 a. Quote accurately John 20:30, 31. 
 d. Quote accurately i John 5:12, 
 
44 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 c. Make four or five statements about 
 
 John 20:30, 31, in analysis of the 
 passage. 
 
 d. Explain the relationship of the words 
 
 believe and witness to the material 
 in the 4th gospel. 
 
 e. Mention an incident or fact from each 
 
 chapter in order in the gospel by 
 John. 
 
 f. Give a brief statement of the testi- 
 
 mony of John the Baptist; his 
 competency as a witness, occasions 
 when he testified, facts about which 
 he testified, results, etc. 
 
 g. Cite passages in which the word 5z^« 
 
 is used and state relation to context 
 and to plan of the book. 
 
 //. Cite several passages in which the 
 word work occurs. Show relation 
 to context and to plan of book. 
 
 /. Name the miracles of the 4th gospel 
 in order, stating chapter in which 
 account of each is found. 
 
 j. Name in order given the witnesses 
 cited in John 5:31-40. 
 
 k. Give condensed but complete state- 
 ment of the testimony of the 
 Father. 
 
 /. Give reasons for preferring the Re- 
 vised Version of John 5:39. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 45 
 
 m. In what chapter are the greatest 
 
 number of appeals made to the 
 
 Scriptures? 
 n. In the study of the testimpny of the 
 
 Scriptures what division of the Old 
 
 Testament did we adopt? 
 o. Cite a definite prediction of the Christ 
 
 or about Him from (a) the Law (b) 
 
 the Prophets, (c) the Psahns. 
 p. Cite a typical fore-shadowing from 
 
 each of the three parts of the O. T. 
 q. Cite a direct prediction from each of 
 
 the Twelve Periods of O. T. time. 
 r. Cite a typical fore-shadowing from 
 
 each of the Twelve Periods of O. T. 
 
 time. 
 s. Cite passages from the Law, the 
 
 Prophets and the Psalms giving 
 
 Names of the Messiah. 
 t. Cite passages from the Law, the 
 
 Prophets and the Psalms giving 
 
 Attributes of the Messiah. 
 II. Cite passages from the Law, the 
 
 Prophets and the Psalms giving 
 
 Works of the Messiah. 
 V. Cite passages from the Law, the 
 
 Prophets and Psalms speaking of 
 
 Worship of the Messiah. 
 
46 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 STUDY X. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF JESUS HIMSELF (PART l). 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 1. Read the entire gospel for claims of Jesus 
 
 in His own behalf. Note results on 
 paper. 
 
 2. Determine why this line of testimony is 
 
 examined next after the four Imes cited 
 in John 5:31-40. 
 
 3. Examine chapters 3, 8, 18 and cf. Rev. 3, 
 
 18, 22 for declarations concerning com- 
 petency of Jesus as a witness. 
 
 4. Refer to the Greek or consult a Greek 
 
 scholar for the I ams ('^"^ t^'^-t'?) in 
 John. 
 
 5. Write out on a separate sheet of paper all 
 
 the passages in which "/«;« "translated 
 from the full Greek expression above 
 occurs. 
 6 Glance down this list and note the differ- 
 ent things which Jesus claims to be. 
 
 7. Glance down again and note on what 
 
 points " I am " is used oftener than once. 
 
 8. In the light of Jesus' own claims as here 
 
 recorded consider the following: "Si 
 Christus 71071 Deus, 71071 bo7ius,'' which 
 inQdins:" If Christ is 7iot God he is 7iot 
 goody 
 
 9. Compare the " I a77ts'' of John the Baptist. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 47 
 
 10. Compare results of your work with notes 
 
 p. 89. 
 
 11. Confer with a friend about what you have 
 
 learned in this study. 
 
 STUDY XI. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF JESUS HIMSELF (PART II.) 
 
 Directio7is for lVo7'k. 
 
 1. Read again the gospel rapidly for the 
 
 claims of Jesus in His own behalf and 
 supplement your notes taken in a former 
 reading. 
 
 2. Collect on a sheet of paper all the / a7ns 
 
 of the Revised Version indicating by a 
 special mark those which are derived 
 from the full Greek expression £/'«^ hpt. 
 
 3. As you glance over the pages of the gos- 
 
 pel by John think of the prominence here 
 of the .personal revelation of Jesus. 
 Study in this connection the word mani- 
 fested in the gospel. 
 
 4. Examine more thoroughly than you were 
 
 able to do in Study V. the relationship 
 of Jesus to the Father as claimed by 
 Himself. Refer to the paper on which 
 you have already copied the passages in 
 which the word Father occurs. Read 
 these over carefully and note the relation 
 of each to the context. Note especially 
 
48 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 under this point the following passages: 
 5:19-29; 8:12-50; 9:22-39. 
 
 5. Compare results of your work with notes 
 
 p. 92 in this book. 
 
 6. Write out brief statement of what you 
 
 have learned in this study. Relate the 
 same to a friend. 
 
 STUDY XII. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF VARIOUS INDIVIDUALS. 
 
 Directions for IVork. 
 
 1. Review the testimony of John the Bap- 
 
 tist, Study ii. 
 
 2. Review the testimony of the Father, 
 
 Study V. 
 
 3. Review the testimony of Jesus Himself, 
 
 Studies X, XI. 
 
 4. Read in chapter i for testimony of John 
 
 the Evangelist. 
 
 5. Read in chapters 19*21 for testimony of 
 
 John the Evangelist. 
 
 6. Cf. I John for further testimony of John 
 
 the Evangelist. 
 
 7. On testimony of John the Evangelist read 
 
 from Expositor's Bible, Vol. ii. p. 419. 
 Also Stalker's Two Johns, p. 201. 
 
 8. Read rapidly through the gospel for the 
 
G OS PEL B Y JOHN 49 
 
 testimony of individuals. Write in a 
 column at the right the texts and names 
 of the individuals, and on the left the 
 declarations, 
 g. Study the testimony of each individual in 
 the light of the statement made in 20:31: 
 "These are written that ye may be- 
 lieve that Jesus is the Christ the Son 
 of God." What persons declare that He 
 is the Christ (/.<?. The Messiah)? Whc 
 declare that He is the Son of God? Who 
 declare both? 
 
 10. Compare results of your work with notes 
 
 p. 93 of this work. 
 
 11. Write out a brief statement of what you 
 
 have learned. Relate the same to a 
 friend. Write the same to another 
 friend. 
 
 STUDY XHI. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT (PART I.) 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read rapidly the gospel by John and col- 
 
 lect on a sheet of paper all the passages 
 which speak of the Holy Spirit. 
 
 2. Note marginal rendering of verses in vari- 
 
 ous passages, especially those in John 
 
50 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 14, 15 for different terms by which the 
 original is translated. 
 
 3. Study the meaning of these names. 
 
 4. Collect the passages which speak of the 
 
 Holy Spirit testifying for Jesus. 
 
 5. Study these passages to determine the 
 
 time of the Holy Spirit's witnessing. 
 
 6. Study these passages to determine the 
 
 place or sphere of the Holy Spirit's wit- 
 nessing. 
 
 7. Study these passages to determine the 
 
 hearers of the Holy Spirit's testimony. 
 
 8. Study these passages to determine the 
 
 content oi the Holy Spirit's testimony. 
 Q. Study these passages to determine the 
 object oi the Holy Spirit's testimony. 
 
 10. Note any difficulties which may arise in 
 
 this study and reserve for further study 
 of the subject in the next two lessons. 
 
 11. Write out a brief statement of the teach- 
 
 ing of the gospel by John about the Holy 
 Spirit. 
 
 12. Compare results of your study with notes 
 
 page 94 of this book. 
 
 13. Ask the Holy Spirit to do His work in 
 
 you. 
 
 14. Write to a friend about the teaching of 
 
 John concerning the Holy Spirit. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 51 
 
 STUDY XIV. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT (PART II). 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Collect evidence from the Bible that the 
 
 Holy Spirit existed in Pre=incarnation 
 time. 
 
 2. Collect evidence from the gospels that the 
 
 Holy Spirit existed in Incarnation time, 
 that is; while Jesus was upon the earth. 
 
 3. In the light of the foregoing, account for 
 
 the statement made in John 7:39 that 
 the Holy Spirit was not yet, and for the 
 fact that in John His testimony is spok- 
 en of anticipatively. 
 
 4. Read Stevens' Johannine Theology, chap- 
 
 ter 8. 
 
 5. On the personality of the Holy Spirit note 
 
 Stevens' Johannine Theology, p. 193 
 ff. 
 
 6. Read Expositor's Bible pp. 205=225 on 
 
 " The Spirit Christ's Witness." 
 
 7. Compare results of work with notes in 
 
 this volume p. 94. 
 
 8. Write to a friend what you have learned 
 
 in this study. 
 
 9. Relate the same to another friend. 
 
52 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 STUDY XV. 
 
 TESTIMONY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT (PART III). 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Collect from the book of Acts all the pas- 
 
 ages referring to the Holy Spirit and 
 note what they declare in the light of 
 Jesus' statement: " //<? shall testify of 
 me.'" 
 
 2. Collect some passages from the epistles 
 
 and the Revelation of John referring to 
 the Spirit and his work of testifying in 
 behalf of Jesus. 
 
 3. Study now Main Diagram and note the rela- 
 
 tionship of the Biblical material as a whole 
 to the case which John pleads, and the 
 distribution of this material in relation 
 to The Father, The Son, and the Holy 
 Spirit. There have been three dispensa- 
 tions — that of the Father, that of the 
 Son, and that of the Holy Spirit. In this 
 last we now live. The Son and Spirit 
 were not inactive in the first; the Father 
 and Spirit were not inactive in the 
 second; the Father and Son are not in- 
 active in the third. 
 
 4. Consider in whom and how the Holy 
 
 Spirit testifies to=day. 
 
 5. Ask yourself if Jesus' words about the 
 
G OSPEL B V JOHN 53 
 
 Holy Spirit in relation to the believer as 
 recorded in John 14 have been and are 
 being fulfilled in you. 
 
 6. Has the statment made about the Holy 
 
 Spirit in Rom. 5 been proved true in 
 your experience? 
 
 7. Is the teaching about the Holy Spirit in 
 
 Rom. 8 yet verified in any measure by 
 your Christian experience? 
 
 8. Read Torrey's " Baptism with the Holy 
 
 Spirit"; Murray's "TheSpiritof Christ"; 
 Gordon on The Holy Spirit; Chapman's 
 "Received ye the Holy Ghost," and 
 Pierson's "Acts of the Holy Spirit." 
 
 9. Compare results of study with notes in 
 
 this book p. 94. 
 10. Write to a friend about your study of this 
 subject. 
 
 STUDY XVI. 
 
 LAWS OF TESTIMONY. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 :. If possible consult Greenleaf on " Examin- 
 ation OF THE Testimony of the 
 Four Evangelists by the Rules 
 of Evidence as Administered in 
 Courts of Justice," pp. 1-54. 
 
 \. Let some member of the group report 
 
54 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 the contents of chapter ii,, (pp. 41-63) of 
 " A Lawyer's Examination of the Bible " 
 (Russell). The title of the chapter is: 
 "Authenticity of the Testimony.'''' 
 
 3. Let another member of the group report 
 
 the contents of chapter iii. (pp. 67-97) of 
 the same volume. The title of this 
 chapter is " Credibility of the Testimony y 
 
 4. Confer with some attorney on this sub- 
 
 ject. 
 
 5. Consider the testimony of the four gospels 
 
 in the light of the laws briefly stated on 
 p. 129 of this volume. 
 
 6. Read the introduction to this book and 
 
 note what is said about faith resting on 
 evidence. "One does not compromise 
 his intellect when he accepts as true on 
 the testimony of a competent witness 
 what he does not understand." 
 
 7. Read Chapter ix. of Stevens' Johannine's 
 
 Theology, the title of which is: "The 
 Appropriation of Salvation." 
 
 8. Write to some skeptical attorney friend 
 
 about this subject. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 55 
 
 STUDY XVII. 
 
 REVIEW OF THE PRECEDING SIXTEEN 
 STUDIES. 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 [. Without referring to your notes glance 
 down the Main Topics, p. 5 and recall 
 what you are able in connection with 
 each study. 
 
 ;. Answer the questions under Study ix. 2. 
 
 \. Answer the following questions: 
 
 a. What determined the consideration 
 of the testimony of Jesus Himself 
 next after that of the four lines pre- 
 ceding it? 
 
 b. Prove Christ's competency as a wit- 
 ness. 
 
 c. Quote ten '*Iam'' verses (naming 
 
 chapter and verse). 
 
 d. Give a brief statement of the teach- 
 ing of John about the relationship 
 between Jesus and the Father. 
 
 e. The testimony of how many individ- 
 
 uals does the gospel by John con- 
 tain? 
 
 f. Name them. 
 
 g. Were they all friends of Jesus? 
 
56 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 h. What is the testimony of Nathaniel? 
 
 In what chapter found? 
 /. What is the testimony of Philip? In 
 
 what chapter found? 
 j. What is the testimony of Peter? In 
 
 what chapter found? 
 k. What is the testimony of Nicodemus? 
 
 In what chapter found? 
 /. W^hat is the testimony of the blind 
 
 man? In what chapter found? 
 m. What is the testimony of Martha? 
 
 In what chapter found? 
 n. What is the testimony of Pilate? In 
 
 what chapter found? 
 o. What is the testimony of Thomas? 
 
 In what chapter found? 
 p. What is the teaching of this Gospel 
 
 about the time of the Holy Spirit's 
 
 testimony? 
 q. What is the teaching of this Gospel 
 
 about the sphere of the Holy Spirit's 
 
 testimony? 
 r. What is the teaching of this Gospel 
 
 about the content oi the Holy Spirit's 
 
 testimony? 
 s. What is the teaching of this Gospel 
 
 about the object of the Holy Spirit's 
 
 testimony? 
 /. What is the teaching of this Gospel 
 
 about the Holy Spirit's work apart 
 
 from testifying? 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 57 
 
 Justify from Scripture the doctrine 
 of the personality of the Holy Spirit. 
 Give evidence from Acts — Revela- 
 tion that Jesus' prediction about 
 the Holy Spirit was fulfilled. 
 State briefly what you have learned 
 about the Laws of Testimony. 
 
58 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 STUDY XVIII. 
 
 The Prologue. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read John i:i-i8 aloud without interrup- 
 
 tion, and at once close the book and 
 write down your impressions. 
 
 2. Read the same again and note down any 
 
 difficulties or questions which may come 
 to mind. 
 
 3. Read now a third time noting the unity 
 
 and progress in this material as indicated 
 by the following expressions in verses i, 
 14, and 18 respectively. The Word 
 WAS God— The Word became flesh 
 
 — THE ONLY BEGOTTEN SON HATH DE- 
 CLARED God. Note and connect by 
 lines in your Bible the words was, became, 
 declared. 
 
 4. Write out in propositional form as many 
 
 statements as the material in the pro- 
 logue justifies; e. g. 
 
 1. The Word was in the beginning. 
 
 2. The Word was with God (the Father 
 cf. vs. 14, 18). 
 
 3. The Word was God. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 59 
 
 4. The Word was God the Son (cf. vs. 
 
 14. 18.) 
 
 5. The Word made all things. 
 
 5. See outline of prologue in chart 9. 
 
 6. Account for introduction of reference to 
 
 John the Baptist in the Prologue. 
 
 7. On the Prologue read Stevens* Johannine 
 
 Theology, pp. 74- J 01. 
 
 8. On the Prologue read Godet, Vol. I. pp. 
 
 54. 55. 
 Q. The Heresies of the early church related 
 to the person of Christ. Arrowsmith 
 (quoted by Ryle) shows that four of 
 these heresies are confuted by a right 
 understanding of John 1:14. These were 
 Arianisjn, Apollmaria7iisin, Nestorian- 
 ism, Eutychianism. Study the occasions 
 for and deliverances of the Church Coun- 
 cils of the first three centuries. 
 
6o STUDIES IN THE 
 
 STUDY XIX. 
 
 Instances of Belief and Unbelief. 
 
 Directions for ivork. 
 
 1. Before consulting the gospel itself, go 
 
 through chapter by chapter in order and 
 recall all instances of belief which you 
 can. 
 
 2. Read through the gospel and note in order 
 
 all instances of belief recorded. 
 
 3. Go over these cases asking yourself in 
 
 each instance: 
 
 a. What was the character of the per- 
 
 son who believed? 
 
 b. What were the circumstances under 
 
 which the person believed? 
 
 c. What induced belief? 
 
 d. What was the manner in which be- 
 
 lief was indicated? 
 
 4. While the evidence was sufficient to lead 
 
 many persons to believe, it was rejected 
 by some. Recall without further exam- 
 ination of the gospel all instances of un- 
 belief which you can. 
 6. Go over these cases asking yourself in 
 each instance: 
 a. What was the character of the per- 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 6i 
 
 b. Was lack of evidence the cause of 
 
 unbelief? 
 
 c. How was unbelief manifested? 
 
 7. Without reference to book of any kind 
 
 think for a few minutes over what you 
 have learned from the gospel in this 
 Study. 
 
 8. Write to a friend about it. 
 
 STUDY XX. 
 
 Development of Belief and Unbelief. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Copy from paper on which you have them 
 
 recorded, all instances of belief. Make 
 the following division: 
 
 a. Instances of belief in individuals, 
 
 b. Instances of belief in the body of the 
 
 disciples. 
 
 2. Take each case and note every indication 
 
 of development of belief in it. e. g. 
 Nicodemus is mentioned in three differ- 
 ent chapters in John. Does the record 
 justify the conclusion that he developed 
 in belief? 
 
 3. Study the treatment by Jesus of each per- 
 
 son disposed to believe, or who is repre- 
 sented as making candid inquiry. 
 
62 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 4. Compare results of your study with notes 
 
 p. 95 of this book. * 
 
 5. Copy from paper on which you have re- 
 
 corded them, all insi; nces of unbelief. 
 Make the following division: 
 
 a. Instances of unbelief in individuals. 
 
 b. Instances of unbelief in the body of 
 
 rejecters. 
 
 6. Take each case and note every indication 
 
 of development of unbelief in it. That 
 of Judas is most interesting. 
 
 7. Study the treatment by Jesus of those who 
 
 rejected Him. 
 
 8. Consider whether Jesus expected every- 
 
 body to believe in Him. 
 
 9. Study chart p. 23 which is intended to help 
 
 the student to understand the wonderful 
 unity and progress of this fourth gospel 
 in the lines of development of belief and 
 unbelief. 
 
 10. Do not fail to read pp. 491-512 of Godet's 
 
 Commentary on the gospel by John, Vol. 
 I., on the Development of Belief and Un- 
 belief. 
 
 11. Compare results of your work with notes 
 
 p. 100 of this book. 
 
 12. Do not fail to write to a friend about the 
 
 results of this study. 
 
G OS PEL B V JOHN 63 
 
 STUDY XXI. 
 
 Secret of Belief. 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read John 20:30,31, and state briefly the 
 
 teaching of this passage about the secret 
 of belief. 
 
 2. Compare John 5:24 and 17:20 and note the 
 
 teaching of these passages on the point 
 which we are considering. 
 
 3. State teaching of John 17:8. 
 
 4. State teaching of John 8:31. Cf. 1:12, 37. 
 .5. State teaching of John 6:40 and 6:36. Cf. 
 
 12:45. 
 
 6. State teaching of John 6:45 and 8:47. 
 
 7. State teaching of John 7:17. 
 
 8. State teaching of John 6:36. 37, 44, 65. 
 
 9. State teaching of John 17:6, 9,24. 
 
 10. State teaching of John 10:26. 
 
 11. Compare teaching of Ephesians 2:8. i 
 
 Cor. 2:9, 10. 
 
 12. Search the material for other explanations 
 
 of unbelief and tabulate results. 
 
 13. Consider difficulties arising in study of 
 
 this subject with deliberation and prayer. 
 Suspend judgment on some points, if 
 they are not clear, for further investiga- 
 tion. Compare duty of Belief, Study 
 
64 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 14. Show some one who has not accepted 
 Christ the secret of belief. 
 
 STUDY XXII. 
 
 Explanations of Unbelief (part i). 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read the gospel for explanations of unbe- 
 
 lief. 
 
 2. Note the remarkable fact that in this book 
 
 written that men might believe are given 
 many explanations of unbelief. Ask 
 yourself if the explanations given are 
 satisfactory? Note who gives the ex- 
 planations. 
 
 3. Do not fail to state in your own language 
 
 the explanation of unbelief given in John 
 
 3:19. 20. 
 
 4. Do the same with John 5:40, 42. 
 
 5. Do the same with John 3:11, 6:42, 6:52. 
 
 6. Do the same with John 7:41, 42. Cf. 1:45. 
 
 7. Read Expositor's Bible, Vol. i, p. 36. 
 
 8. Ask yourself if your own experience and 
 
 your contact with others are in harmony 
 with the explanations here given. Can all 
 cases of unbelief to=day be explained by 
 the gospel by John? 
 0. Write to some friend who does not believe 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 65 
 
 and ask him to study this gospel which 
 will explain his case. 
 10. Talk with some one who does not believe 
 and ask him why he does not believe. 
 Show him the explanation of his case 
 from the gospel by John. 
 
 STUDY XXIII. 
 
 EXPLANATIONS OF UNBELIEF(PART II). 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 
 1. Select ten instances of belief recorded in 
 
 the Old Testament. Let the selections 
 represent various times, circumstances 
 and countries. 
 
 2. Apply to these the tests found under the 
 
 Secret of Belief and discover if you are 
 able to account for the belief. 
 
 3. Select from the Old Testament ten in- 
 
 stances of unbelief and discover if you 
 are able to explain them from the prin- 
 ciples declared in the gospel by John. 
 
 4. Select ten instances of belief from the 
 
 New Testament apart from John and 
 apply to each the secret of belief as giv- 
 en by John. 
 
 5. Select ten instances of unbelief from the 
 
 New Testament apart from John and ap- 
 
66 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 ply to each the explanations of unbelief 
 as given by John. 
 
 6. Ask yourself if the unity and truth of the 
 
 the Bible is not clearly shown by the 
 fact that what it records is clearly proved 
 to be true to human experience. 
 
 7. Do not fail to write to some skeptical 
 
 friend along the line of this Study and 
 what you have learned. 
 
 STUDY XXIV. 
 
 REVIEW OF THE PRECEDING TWENTY THREE 
 STUDIES. 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 i: Glance down Main Topics t and re- 
 call what you can in connection with 
 each study. 
 
 2. Answer the questions in Study IX. 
 
 3. Answer the questions in Study XVII. 
 
 4. Answer the following questions: 
 
 a. What verses of the Gospel constitute 
 
 the Prologue. 
 
 b. What verses of the Prologue give the 
 
 key to the progress of its thought. 
 
 c. Give outline of the Prologue. 
 
 d. Show relation of John 1:14 to Arian- 
 
 ism, to Apollinarianism, to Nestor- 
 ianism, to Eutychianism. 
 
 t For Main Topics see Table of Contents. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 67 
 
 e. Cite instances of belief and unbelief 
 
 found in the Gospel and make a 
 
 statement concerning each. 
 /. Show development of belief in: 
 
 (i). John the Evangelist. 
 
 (2). Philip. 
 
 (3). Nicodemus. 
 
 (4). The woman at the well. 
 
 (5). The Nobleman. 
 
 (6). The blind man. 
 
 (7). Peter. 
 
 (8). In the body of disciples. 
 g. Show development of unbelief in: 
 
 (i). Judas. 
 
 (2). The Jews as a body. 
 h. Give a brief but complete statement 
 
 of the secret of belief. 
 /. Give what you consider to be the 
 
 four most important explanations 
 
 of unbelief. 
 
 STUDY XXV. 
 
 RESULTS OF BELIEF. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read through the Gospel and note on 
 
 paper such results of belief as you may 
 discover. 
 
 2. For the most comprehensive statement of 
 
68 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 the result of belief see John 6:47. Cf. 
 11:25, 26; 20:31. 
 
 3. All statements apart from these respect- 
 
 ing eternal life may be regarded asdefin- 
 ative and explanatory. 
 
 4. Find verse or verses showing that there- 
 
 suit of belief is satisfactioji of hunger. 
 
 5. Find verse or verses showing that the re- 
 
 sult of belief is quenching of thirst. 
 
 6. Find verses or verses showing that belief 
 
 results \x\freed07n. 
 
 7. Find verse or verses showing that belief 
 
 results in light. 
 
 8. Find verse or verses showing that belief 
 
 results in knowledge. 
 
 9. Find verse or verses showing that belief 
 
 results \n peace. 
 
 10. Find verse or verses showing that belief 
 
 results \Ti.joy. 
 
 11. Find verse or verses showing that belief 
 
 results in power. 
 
 12. State the teaching of John 7:38 and show 
 
 its relation to this subject. 
 
 13. Study instances of belief in John and note 
 
 verification of teaching in actual experi- 
 ence. 
 
 14. Study instances of belief which you have 
 
 already collected from the Old Testa- 
 ment record and note if results as de- 
 clared by John were apparent in them. 
 
 15. Do same with persons whose names you 
 
G OS PEL B V JOHN 69 
 
 have collected from other portions of 
 the New Testament. See Study xxiii., 4. 
 16. Ask yourself if these results are apparent 
 in yourself. If not, why not? 
 
 STUDY XXVI. 
 
 RESULTS OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 1. Read through the Gospel and note on a 
 
 sheet of paper such results of unbelief 
 as you may discover. 
 
 2. For the most comprehensive statement of 
 
 the results of unbelief see John 6:53. Cf. 
 3:36. 
 
 3. All statements apart from those about 
 
 death bemg the result of unbelief may 
 be regarded as definative and explana- 
 tory. 
 
 4. As far as you may be able find passages 
 
 giving the opposite of results of belief as 
 cited in 4-12 of Study xxv. 
 
 5. Study instances of unbelief recorded in 
 
 John and note results as there manifest- 
 ted. 
 
 6. Study several instances of unbelief select- 
 
 ed from the O. T, times and note results 
 as there manifested. 
 
70 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 7. Study several instances of unbelief se- 
 
 lected from the New Testament record 
 apart from John and note results as 
 there manifested. 
 
 8. Study results of unbelief in believers: 
 
 a. In the gospel by John. 
 
 b. In the O. T. 
 
 c. In the New Test, apart from John- 
 
 d. In Christians of to-day. 
 
 e. In yourself. 
 
 STUDY XXVII. 
 
 DUTY OF BELIEF (OBEDIENCE IN JOHN). 
 
 Directions for work. 
 
 [. Read the Gospel by John and collect: 
 
 a. Commands to believe. 
 
 b. Illustrations of obedience to the 
 
 command to believe. 
 
 c. Effects of obedience upon belief. 
 
 J. Go through the Gospel chapter by chap- 
 ter to discover if possible from every 
 chapter something emphasizing either 
 by precept or example the blessing of 
 obedience. 
 
 5. Study Jesus Himself in the Gospel by 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 71 
 
 John as the example of perfect obedi- 
 ence. Judge your own life in the light 
 of this ideal. 
 
 Memorize John 1:12; 2:5; 4:34; 6:29; 7:17; 
 13:17. 
 
 Write to some one over whom you have 
 influence and press home the duty of 
 more ready and implicit belief of Jesus' 
 word, and obedience to his command. 
 
 STUDY XXVIII. 
 
 SIN OF unbelief; time and object of 
 
 BELIEF. 
 
 Directi07is for Work. 
 
 1. Review the testimony given in behalf of 
 
 Jesus Christ and judge if any one has 
 reason for rejecting Him. 
 
 2. Examine chapters 3 and 16 for statements 
 
 about the sin of unbelief. 
 
 3. Discover passages from other chapters 
 
 bearing on the sin of unbelief. 
 
 4. Examine chapter 12 for passage relating 
 
 to the time of belief. 
 
 6. Discover passages from other chapters 
 
 bearing on the time of belief. 
 
 7. Examine the fourth Gospel to determine 
 
72 STUDIES' IN THE 
 
 its teaching respecting the Object of 
 belief. Is the object of belief a proposi- 
 tion—a system, or a person. 
 8. Examine the various definitions of Faith in 
 Jesus Christ given in the catechisms 
 such as the Westminster Shorter Cate- 
 chism (1647), the Heidelberg Catechism 
 (1563), the Lutheran (1529), the Anglican 
 (1549-1604), and the Methodist (1852) 
 Q. Memorize John 3: 14-18; 12:31-36. 
 
 STUDY XXIX. 
 
 THE EPILOGUE— A CHAPTER STUDY. 
 
 Directio7is for- Work. 
 
 I. Prepare this chapter according to method 
 for chapter study outlined on p. 1 16 of this 
 book. Under the heading Questions 
 and Difficulties will probably appear 
 some if not all of the following: 
 
 a. Is this chapter part of the original 
 
 plan of the Gospel. This should be 
 considered under the hciiding: 
 Relation of this chapter to the pre- 
 ceding one. 
 
 b. Why was this chapter added? 
 
 c. Was the Gospel probably in circula- 
 
 tion before this Epilogue was writ- 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 73 
 
 ten ? What is the bearing of v. 24 on 
 this i)()int? 
 
 d. Is it clear tliat at least vs. 1-23 were 
 written by the author of the Gospel? 
 
 i\ Does the three-fold question to Peter 
 suggest his three fold denial? 
 
 / Was Peter's sorrow caused l)y the re- 
 minder of his denial or by the 
 change of word by Jesus? 
 
 g. Did Christ refer to his second com- 
 ing in V. 22? 
 
 h. Is the wc of v, 24 a true plural or 
 usage such as is found in i Jn. 1:1. 
 Cf. Col. 4:3. 
 Consult Chart p. 22 for outline of this 
 
 chapter. 
 Read Stevens' Johannine Theology 
 
 Chapter XI on Jesus' questions to Peter. 
 Write to some one about this plan for 
 
 chapter study. 
 
 STUDY XXX. 
 
 REVIEW OF PRECEDING TWENTY-NINE STUDIES 
 
 Directions for Work. 
 I. Glance down Main Topics f i-xxix omit- 
 ting Review lessons, and recall what 
 
 fFor Main Topics see Table of Contents. 
 
74 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 you are able in connection with each 
 Study. 
 
 2. Answer questions in Study ix. 
 
 3. Answer questions in Study xvii. 
 
 4. Answer questions in study xxiv. 
 
 5. Answer the following- questions: 
 
 a. Quote accurately John 6:47, and 
 state its use in this series of studies. 
 
 b. Give a brief but complete statement 
 of the teaching of John about the re- 
 sults of belief, 
 
 . c. Give a brief but complete statement 
 of the teaching of John about the re- 
 sults of unbelief. 
 
 d. Repeat accurately from memory 
 John 3.14-18; 12:31-36. 
 
 e. Give what you consider to be the 
 
 most satisfactory answer to the 
 question: What is Faith in Jesus 
 Christ? 
 
 f. Give outline, condensation and re- 
 
 sults of study of chapter xxi. 
 
 6. Reproduce from'memory: 
 
 a. Chart giving a fact or incident m 
 each chapter. 
 
 b. Chart showing development in this 
 
 Gospel of belief and unbelief. 
 
 c. Chart showing relation of material 
 
 in John to the Feasts. 
 
 7. Think through the Gospel chapter by 
 
 chapter and note down on paper what 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 75 
 
 you consider to be the most striking 
 fact or truth in each chapter. 
 
 Test your knowledge of the characters, 
 words, places and topics for study by run- 
 ning down each Hst deliberately and re- 
 calling what you can in connection with 
 each. 
 
 Write to a friend about the course which 
 you have just finished entering as much 
 into detail as your time will permit. 
 
PART THREE. 
 
 TESTIMONY.* 
 
 I — TESTIMONY OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. 
 
 Note that in the fourth Gospel the Baptist 
 is named nineteen times and is called 
 simply John. In Matthew he is seven 
 times called John the Baptist; in Mark 
 four times, and in Luke four times. This 
 is an important item of internal evidence 
 of the genuineness and authenticity of 
 this gospel. The writer does not need to 
 distinguish John the Baptist from him- 
 self whose name is John by callmg him 
 the Baptist. 
 
 Note the prominetice of the testimony of 
 Johji the Baptist : 
 
 a. In the Prologue. See Godet Vol. I., 
 
 p. 516. 
 
 b. In the first chapter. 
 
 This is due to the fact that the writer of 
 the book had been a disciple of John the 
 Baptist, and was influenced by his words 
 to go to Jesus. The writer of this book 
 
 'Consult Main Diagram, p. 13. 
 
 V 
 
78 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 IS recording his own experience. Here 
 is a second important item of internal 
 evidence of the genuineness of this 
 Gospel. 
 3. Consider John the Baptisfs competency as 
 a witness. 
 
 a. His mission was to call to repent- 
 
 ance and righteousness. 
 
 b. His character was unimpeachable. 
 
 He was ascetic in habits and faith- 
 ful in his work. 
 
 c. The people are reported by the evan- 
 
 gelist as testifying to the truth of 
 what John said. See John 10:41, 42. 
 
 d. Cf. the testimony of Jesus unchal- 
 
 lenged by his hearers as recorded 
 in Matt. ii:ii. 
 
 The following quotation is appropriate 
 here: 
 
 "He (that is John) was in a position to 
 know Jesus well. He was His cousin; 
 he had known Him from childhood. He 
 was also in a position to know what was 
 involved in being the Messiah. By the 
 very circumstance that he himself had 
 been mistaken for the Messiah, he was 
 driven to define to his own mind the dis- 
 tinctive and characteristic marks of the 
 Messiah. Nothing could so have led 
 him to apprehend the difference between 
 himself and Jesus. More and more 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 79 
 
 clearly must he have seen that he was 
 not that light, but was sent to bear wit- 
 ness of that light. Thus he was pre- 
 pared to receive with understanding the 
 sign which gave him something more 
 than his ozvn personal surmises to go 
 upon in declaring Jesus to the world as 
 the Messiah. If there is any man's tes- 
 timony we may accept about our Lord 
 it is that of the. Baptist, who from his 
 close contact with the most profligate 
 and with the most spiritual of the peo- 
 ple, saw what they needed and saw in 
 Jesus power to give it; the business of 
 whose life it was to make Him out, and 
 to arrive at certain information regard- 
 ing Him; a man whose own elevation 
 and force of character made many fancy 
 he was the Messiah, but who hastened 
 to disabuse their minds of such an idea, 
 because his very elevation gave him ca- 
 pacity to see how infinitely above him 
 the true Christ was. Seen from the low 
 ground, the star may seem close to the 
 top of mountains; seen from the moun- 
 tain top it is recognized as infinitely 
 above it. John was on the mountain 
 top. . . . 
 
 It is the testimony of a contemporary 
 of whom we know from other sources 
 that he was generally reckoned a 
 
8o STUDIES IN THE 
 
 prophet — a man of unblemished and in- 
 violable integrity, of rugged independ- 
 ence, of the keenest spiritual discern- 
 ment. There was no man of larger size 
 or more heroic mould in his day. In 
 any generation he would have been con- 
 spicuous by his spiritual stature, his 
 fearless unworldliness, his superiority to 
 the common weaknesses of men; and 
 yet this man looks up to Jesus as stand- 
 ing on quite a different platform from 
 his own, as a Being of another order. 
 He can find no expression strong enough 
 to mark the difference: " I am not wor- 
 thy to loose His shoe latchet;" "He 
 that is of the earth " (that is himself) "is 
 earthly, and speaketh of the earth; He 
 that Cometh from heaven is above all." 
 He would not have used such expres- 
 sion of Isaiah, of Elijah, of Moses. He 
 knew his own dignity and would not 
 have set so marked a difference between 
 himself and any other prophet. But his 
 own very greatness was precisely what 
 revealed to him the absolute superiority 
 of Christ. These crowds that gathered 
 round him — what could he do for them 
 more than refer them to Christ? Could 
 he propose to himself to found among 
 them a kingdom of God? Could he ask 
 them to acknowledge him and trust in 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 8i 
 
 him for spiritual life? Could he promise 
 them his spirit? Could he even link to 
 himself all kinds of men and nationali- 
 ties? Could he be the light of men, 
 giving- to all a satisfying knowledge of 
 God and of their relation. to Him? No; 
 he was not that light, he could but bear 
 witness of that light. And this he did, 
 by pointing men to Jesus, not as a 
 brother prophet, not as another great 
 man, but as the Son of God, as One who 
 had come down from heaven. 
 It is, I say, impossible that we can make 
 nothing of such a testimony. Here was 
 one who knew, if any man ever did, spot- 
 less holiness when he saw it; who knew 
 what huriian strength and courage could 
 accomplish; who was himself certainly 
 among the six greatest men the world 
 has seen; and this man, standing thus 
 on the highest altitudes human nature 
 can reach, looks up to Christ, and does 
 not only admit His superiority, but 
 shrinks, as from something blasphemous, 
 from all comparison with Him. What is 
 the flaw in his testimony, or why are we 
 not accepting Christ as our light, as able 
 to take away our sins, as willing to bap- 
 tize us with the Holy Ghost."* 
 
 ♦Expositor's Bible Vol. 1, pp. 37, 50. 
 
82 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 4. Jesus appeals to the testimony of John the 
 
 Baptist. John 5:33. 
 
 5. // is declared to be the inissiofi of John to 
 
 testify : 
 
 a. By the Evangelist, 1:7. 
 
 b. By John himself 1:31, 3:26,28. 
 
 6. The testimo?ty of John the Baptist to the 
 
 Jewish Com7nission, 1:19-28. 
 
 a. Note that Levites are rarely men= 
 tioned. A forger would have said 
 Scribes and Pharisees. This is an 
 item of internal evidence of the 
 truth of the book. 
 
 b. John was so great as to be mistaken 
 
 for the Christ. But his testimony is 
 positive. 
 
 7. The testimony of John the day following to 
 
 the Jews, i :29-34. 
 
 a. Note what he calls Jesus in the light 
 of 20:30, 31. 
 
 b. Note how he was shown that this is 
 
 He. 
 
 8. The testimony of fohn on the following 
 
 day to two of his own disciples, i :35,39. 
 
 a. Who were they? Evidently Andrew 
 and John. 
 
 b. Note the result of this testimony. 
 
 Four disciples — one-third of the 
 body of his chosen twelve! Andrew 
 first findeth his own brother — John 
 afterward found his own brother 
 James. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 83 
 
 9. The testimo7iy of John the Baptist zuhen 
 his disciples C07npiain of the popularity 
 of Jesus, 3:22-30. 
 a.. This is the final recorded testimony 
 
 of John. 
 ^. Compare this with that in the first 
 chapter and note well the advance. 
 There he said: "Greater than I.' 
 Here he says: " He must increase, I 
 must decrease." 
 •. Note " John'was not yet cast into pris- 
 on." This suggests that sending by 
 John afterward from prison asking: 
 " Art thou he that should come?' 
 Matt, ii:i-iQ. In considering this 
 note, 
 
 (i). The sign at the Baptism. 
 (2). John's own recognition of the 
 
 end of his career. 
 (3). Jesus' testimony concerning 
 
 John. 
 (4). That this may have been his 
 way of turning the attention of 
 his disciples to Jesus, but—' 
 (5). Jesus sends answer back to 
 
 John. 
 (6). See Explanation in Stalker's 
 " Two Johns. " 
 
 10. Results of fohiis testimony, 10:41,42. 
 
 11. Compare material about Joh?t ijt other 
 
 Gospels a7id in Ach. 
 
84 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 12. Compare prophecy about JoJm in Old Tes- 
 tament. 
 
 II. TESTIMONY OF JESUS' MIGHTY WORKS. 
 
 1. Jesus appeals to this, 5:36; 10:25,37,38; 
 
 14:11. 
 
 2. Note the words used: 
 
 a. Not zipara portents * 
 
 b. Not Suva/j.et^ exhibitions of his 
 
 power, 
 
 c. Not ddufiara deeds exciting won- 
 
 der. 
 
 d. Not -apaooca events contrary to ex- 
 
 pectation. 
 
 e. But (Trjfj.shr^ t evidences of his power 
 
 — "manifestations of his glory" — 
 "embodiments of truth in deed " — 
 "deeds having significance " — "ob- 
 ject lessons " — " deeds not ending 
 in themselves." This word is used 
 17 times. 
 / And epyov "work," " accomplish- 
 ment," deed that is natural to per- 
 form. This word is used 23 times. 
 "John habitually considered the miracles 
 of Jesus as " signs " or object lessons, in 
 
 *See Farrar in " Messages of the Books " on thegospel 
 by John. 
 
 fThis word is always translated sign in the Revised Ver- 
 sion. In the Authorized Version it is sometimes trans- 
 lated miracle. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 85 
 
 which the spiritual mind might read un- 
 seen truth. They were intended to pre- 
 sent to the eye a picture of the similar 
 but greater works which Jesus wrought 
 in the region of the spirit. He heals the 
 blind.and therein sets Himself before men 
 as the light of the world. He gives the 
 hungry bread, but is disappointed that 
 they do not from this conclude that He 
 is Himself the bread sent down by the 
 Father to nourish to life everlasting. He 
 heals the impotent man, and marvels 
 that in this healing the people do not 
 see a sign that He is the Son who does 
 the Father's works, and who can give 
 life to whom He will. It is legitimate, 
 therefore, to see in this cure the embodi- 
 ment of spiritual truth." * 
 Note that ma?iy signs are referred to, but 
 few are recorded. 
 
 a. References to many are made in 
 
 2:23; 3:2; 6:2, 7:31; 9:16; 11:47; 
 12:37; 20:30. 
 
 b. In all four gospels are recorded forty 
 
 miracles; in John eight. 
 
 c. The selection by John is regarded by 
 
 many as having significance. The 
 principle of selection is suggesteci 
 by the quotation found above froai 
 the Expositor's Bible. 
 
 *Dods in Expositor's Commentary on John, Vol. I. pp 
 179, 180. 
 
86 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 d. Note the variety of accomplishment 
 presented in the miracles recorded 
 by John. 
 
 4. The sUide7it should not fail to co?tsult 
 charts and note suggestions about the 
 study of the recorded miracles of our 
 Lord, p. 2j. 
 
 III. TESTIMONY OF THE FATHER. 
 
 1. fesus appeals to it 5:37. Cf. 6:27: 7:16, 20; 
 
 8:18, 54; 11:41. 42. 
 
 2. fohn the Baptisfs accoimt of at the bap 
 
 tism of Jesus 1:32-34. 
 
 a. The Father, Son and Spirit are here 
 
 b. Dove shape. Cf. " Tongues of fire ' 
 
 Acts 2:3. Note figure of dove sug- 
 gested by Gen. 1:2 which probably 
 the basis of Milton's sentence: 
 
 " And with mighty wings outspread 
 Dove-like sat'st brooding on the vast abyss." 
 
 c. Why the Spirit at this time? 
 
 (i) It did not change the nature of 
 Christ. 
 
 (2) To make Him known. 
 
 (3) To mark the beginning of His 
 
 official life. 
 
 (4) To equip Him for His work. 
 
 3. Joh7i the Eva7igelisfs accoimt of a voice 
 
 from heavefi 12:28. 
 
 a. Note the conflicting influences in 
 Jesus of fear of death and willing- 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 87 
 
 ness to glorify the Father by dying. 
 
 b. Note this voice for the sake of the 
 . people. 
 
 c. Compare other instances of a voice 
 
 from heaven. 
 
 4. Johns own Personal testimony probably 
 
 rejerring to the transfiguration experi- 
 ence 1:14. Cf. Peter's account in i Peter 
 1:17. 
 
 5. Read i John 5:9, 10 on the testimony of the 
 
 Father. Cf. also i Jn. i:io; 2:4, 22. 
 
 6. Compare testimony of the Father as record- 
 
 ed in the other gospels. 
 
 a. In Matthew— 
 
 (i) At the baptism 3:13-17. 
 (2) At the transfiguration 17:5. 
 
 b. In Mark— 
 
 (i) At the baptism i:j i. 
 
 (2) At the transfiguration 9:7 
 
 c. In Luke — 
 
 (i) At the baptism 3:21. 
 
 (2) At the transfiguration 9:28-30. 
 
 7. Compare testi?notty of the Father as re- 
 
 ferred to i?t the Acts and Epistles. 
 Note that this is specially in the matter 
 of the resurrection. See Acts 2:24, 32, 
 36; 3:15; 4:10:10:40; Rom. 1:4; I Cor. 
 15th Chapter. 
 
 IV.— TESTIMONY OF THE SCRIPTURES. 
 
 I. Jesus appeals to it, 5:39, 46. Cf. 7:38. 
 
?8 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 1. Direct appea Is to fulfilm en t of Scripture in 
 John are : 
 
 a. 12:41, announcement of Isa. about 
 
 unbelief. 
 
 b. 19:24, announcement about His gar- 
 
 ment. 
 
 c. 19:28, announcement about His 
 
 thirst. 
 
 d. 19:34-37, announcement about His 
 
 bones and side. 
 
 e. 20:9, announcement about His res- 
 
 urrection. 
 
 3. Compare these references to fulfilment of 
 
 Scripture with refet'ences to same i?i 
 Matt., Mark ana Luke. Matthew quotes 
 oftener than all the others because writ- 
 ing to Jews. 
 
 4. Note the following on the relation of the 
 
 Old and New Testaments: 
 a. " In Vetere Testamento Novum 
 latet; in Novo Testamento Vetus 
 patet." This of which Augustine 
 is the author has been translated in 
 various ways: 
 (i) The New Testament is latent 
 in the Old; the Old is patent 
 in the New. 
 (2) The New Testament is en- 
 folded in the Old; the Old is 
 unfolded in the New. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 89 
 
 (3) The New is in the Old con- 
 tained; the Old is by the 
 New exphiined. 
 
 b. " No man can profoundly interpret 
 
 the New Testament who is not pro- 
 foundly conversant with the Old." 
 
 c. "The Old Testament and the New 
 
 stand related to one another as blos- 
 som and ripe fruit, as dawn and 
 noonday effulgence, as promise 
 and ripe accomplishment, as germ 
 and realization." 
 
 v.— TESTIMONY OF JESUS HIMSELF. 
 
 For this order C/! 5:31, andS-.i^,, 14. 
 
 Eor Jesus' competency see 2'^i- Of what 
 
 he had seen and heard he testified. 
 //e declared it to be his mission to testijy 
 
 Cf. 8:45, 46; Rev. 3:14, 18:20, 22:16. 
 Note the Prominefice in this Gospd oj the 
 
 personal sel J relation oJ Jesus. 
 The iyu) £Cfj.c\ in John. 
 
 a. I am (he) /. e., the Christ 4:26. 
 
 b. I am (he). Do not be afraid 6:20. 
 
 c. I am the bread of life, 6:35, cf. 5:26, 
 
 40; 6:27, 53, 54. 
 
 d. I am the bread which came down 
 
 from heaven, 6:41. 
 
 e. I am the bread of life, 6:48. 
 
 / I am the living bread which came 
 down out of heaven, 6:48. 
 
90 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 g. I am the light of the world, 8:12. Cfc 
 9:5. 
 
 h. I am he that beareth witness of my- 
 self, 8:18. 
 
 /. I am from above, 8:23. 
 
 j. I am not of this world, 8:23, 
 
 k. I am (he) 8:24. 
 
 /. Then shall ye kno\^ that I am (he),: 
 8:28. 
 
 m. Before Abraham I am (he), 8:58. 
 Cf. i:i and 14. 
 
 n. I am the door of the sheep, 10:7, 
 
 o. I am the door, io:g. 
 
 p. I am the good shepherd, 10:11. 
 
 q. I am the good shepherd, 10:14. 
 
 r. I am the resurrection and the life, 
 11:25. Cf- 10:14, 18. 
 
 s. I am (he), 13:19. 
 
 /. I am the way, 14:6, ) 
 
 u. lam the truth, 14:6 ^Cf. Psalm 86:il. 
 
 V. I am the life, 14:6. j 
 
 Note : He does not say I show the 
 way; I am truthful; I am living. 
 
 w. I am the vine, 15:1. 
 
 X. I am the vine, 15:5. 
 
 y. I am not of this world, 17:16. 
 
 z. I am (he), 18:5; also 18:6. 
 
 6. Compare the I A MS of the Revelation of 
 
 St. fohii ; in Isa., 40-48. 
 
 7. Note the following quotation from Gom^ 
 
 ariis : 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 91 
 
 " I anfj what I was, that is God. 
 I was not what I am, that is man. 
 I am now called both, that is both God 
 and man." 
 N'ote the following quotations about Jesus 
 
 as the " I am .•" 
 
 "Stepping out of the years of time, dis- 
 entangling Himself from the human 
 and all its limits and conditions. He 
 plants Himself in Infinity, and com- 
 prehending the yesterday, the to-day 
 and the forever of history, declares 
 Himself at every point the I am^ 
 
 " I aj7i is existence in motion." " There 
 
 is noihing so transcendantly sublime 
 
 as the divine egoism." Cf. in Isa. 
 
 40-48. 
 
 Note the following- questions a7idajiswers:'- 
 
 " Who is the only Redeemer of God's 
 elect?" The only redeemer of God's 
 elect is the Lord Jesus Christ who be- 
 ing the eternal Son of God became 
 man and so was and continueth to be 
 God and man in two distinct natures 
 and one person forever." 
 
 " How did Christ the Son of God become 
 man?" "Christ the Son of God be- 
 came man by taking to himself a true 
 body and a reasonable soul, being con- 
 
 * These are introduced because of their bearing upon 
 the question of the two natures of Christ. 
 
92 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 ceived by the power of the Holy Ghost 
 in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and 
 born of her, yet without sin." 
 
 10. Note some other specific claims of Jesus : 
 
 a. I am the Son of God, 10:36. Cf. 3:16, 
 
 18. 
 
 b. I am come from God, 8:42. 
 
 c. I am in the Father, 14:10, II. Cf. 5:23, 
 
 24 where he claims equality with 
 the Father. 
 
 d. Thou sayest (the truth) that I am a 
 
 king, 18:37. 
 
 11. Note the special and unique relation to the 
 
 Father which is claimed by Jesus : 
 
 a. Read chapter 5:19-29. 
 
 b. Read chapter 8:12-50. 
 
 c. Read chapter 9:22-39. 
 
 12. Remarks. 
 
 a. The Jews of Jesus' time did not mis- 
 
 understand His claims. He went to 
 the death because he claimed he 
 was the Son of God. 
 
 b. In the light of Jesus' own claims, as 
 
 recorded by John, we do not won- 
 der that one said: ''Si Christus 
 non Deus, non bonus. ' " If Christ 
 is not God, he is not good." 
 
 c. Carlyle in grief read John 14:1-3, and 
 
 said: "Yes, if you are God ycu 
 have a right to say so, but if you 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 93 
 
 are man, what do you know about 
 it more than I or the rest of us?" 
 
 VI. TESTIMONY OF VARIOUS INDIVIDUALS. 
 
 1. For testimony of John Baptist, See i. 
 
 above. 
 
 2. For testimony of the Father, See iii. above. 
 
 3. For testimony of Jesus Himself, See V. 
 
 above. 
 
 4. For testimony of John Evangelist: 
 
 a. At the beginning of Gospel, See 1:14, 
 
 i6, where he gives personal experi- 
 ence. 
 
 b. At close of Gospel see: 
 
 (i). 19:35 about the blood and 
 
 water. 
 (2). 21:24, about what Jesus did. 
 
 5. Andrew's testimony and the result, 1:41, 
 
 42. 
 
 6. Philip's testimony and the result, 1:43, 49- 
 
 7. That of incredulous Nathaniel, 1:49 Cf. 
 
 20:30,31. 
 
 8. That of hesitating Nicodemus, 3:2; 7:50- 
 
 52; 19:39. 
 
 9. That of the woman at the well, 4:29-42. 
 
 11. That of Peter, 6:68, 69. 
 
 12. That of officers, 7:46. 
 
 13. That of the blind man, 9:30-33. 
 
 14. That of Martha, 11:27. 
 
 15. That of Pilate, 19:4,6. 
 
 16. That of Thomas, 20:29. 
 
94 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 VII. TESTIMONY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. 
 
 1. Note the different names : {a) Comforter^ 
 
 [b) Helper, {c) Advocate, {d) Paraclete, 
 Joh7i 14:16. 
 
 2. This testimony is spoken of anticipatively 
 
 John, 7:39; 14:16, 17,26; 15:26,27; 16:7-15. 
 
 3. The testimo?iy of the Spirit discipleward : 
 
 a. To bring remembrance, 14:26. 
 
 b. To teach, 14:26. 
 
 c. To guide, 16:13. 
 
 d. To make them channels of blessing, 
 7:38. 
 
 4. The testimo7iy of the Spirit worldward : 
 
 a. To convict of sin, 16:7. 
 
 b. To convict of righteousness, 16:7. 
 
 c. To convict of judgment to come, 16:7. 
 
 5. References to fulfillment of Jesus' predic- 
 
 tion in Acts and Epistles: 
 
 a. In Acts 1:8, 16, 33; 5:31, 32, etc. 
 
 b. In Epistles Rom. 1:4; 8:2, 14, etc. 
 
 c. In Revelation. See Epistles to the 
 
 Churches, etc. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 95 
 
 BELIEF.* 
 
 I. INSTANCES OF BELIEF. 
 
 In view of all the testimony which we have 
 examined what? Did anybody believe? 
 Did not all believe? Could anybody 
 disbelieve? The writer of the fourth 
 Gospel gives not only reasons for belief, 
 but illustrations of the power of the evi- 
 dence over different classes of persons 
 as follows: 
 
 1. The two (Andrew and John) who were 
 
 directed to Jesus by John the Baptist, 
 1 :37-42. 
 
 2. Philip 1:45. 
 
 3. Nathaniel, 1:50. 
 
 4. His disciples, 2:ii. 
 
 5. His disciples, 2:22. 
 
 6. Nicodemus, 3:2, 
 
 7. The woman at the well, 4:18, 2g. 
 
 8. The Samaritans, 4:39, 40-42. 
 
 9. Galileans, 4:45. 
 
 10. The Nobleman and his house, 4:50, 53. 
 
 11. Peter speaking for the disciples, 6:66-69. 
 
 12. "Of the multitude many." 
 
 13. The man born blind, 9:17, 33, 36, 38. 
 
 14. "Many believed because of John's word, 
 
 10:42. 
 
 15. Martha, 11:27. 
 
 16. Many of the Jews, 11:45; 12:11. 
 
 ♦Compare Main Diagram p. 13. 
 
q6 studies in the 
 
 17. Even of the rulers many, 12:42. 
 
 18. John in the tomb, 20:8. 
 
 19. Mary Magdalene, 20:18. 
 
 20. The disciples, 20:20. 
 
 21. Thomas, 20, 25. 
 
 II. INSTANCES OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 It is worthy of special note that the au- 
 thor of this Gospel which is written that 
 men might believe records instances of 
 unbelief. There are : 
 
 1. The Jewish Nation as such, i:ii; 5:18; 
 Cf. i5:j8. 
 
 2. Judas and others, 6:64. 
 
 3. Even his brethren, 7:5. 
 
 4. Disciples, many texts. See especially 
 in chaps. 14-16. 
 
 III. DEVELOPMENT OF BELIEF. 
 
 Dwight in Godet speaks of the word believe 
 thus: ''This word which means each 
 new day more than it did the day before." 
 This fact is strikingly illustrated in the 
 cases of belief cited by John. The stu- 
 dent of psychology is convinced as he 
 comes in contact with these cases that 
 they are true to nature, and the product 
 of no dreamer or novelist. Each one 
 should take the instances of belief as 
 given above and note the development 
 in each. Consider a few of the most 
 striking: 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 97 
 
 I. The w7-itcr of the book. 
 
 a. In the prologue he states that he 
 beheld His glory and received of hiy 
 fulness and "grace for grace." This 
 last expression suggests develop- 
 ment. 
 
 b. That two hours' conversation with 
 Jesus recorded in the second chap- 
 ter resulted in belief in John. Yet 
 
 c. He was in the company at Cana and 
 
 included himself when he said (2;ii) 
 " His disciples believed." 
 
 d. He included himself when in that 
 same second chapter he tells us that 
 the disciples understood after he 
 rose from the dead and believed, 
 and 
 
 e. He tells of his own view of the grave 
 
 clothes in the sepulchre and result- 
 ant belief. 
 / We are interested to know what 
 John learned from Mary the mother 
 of Jesus after he took her to his own 
 home and how much he matured as 
 a Christian under the shadow of her 
 influence. 
 g. Read here Godet, vol. i, pp. 498, 499. 
 2. Nicodetniis. 
 
 This man is commonly, slightingly spoken 
 of. People think of him coming to Je- 
 sus by night and emphasizing the word 
 
98 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 night. Let us give him credit for com- 
 ing to Jesus even if he did come by- 
 night, and let us remember that John 
 speaks of him in two other places in his 
 Gospel. When we put all the passages 
 together (3:2; 7:50; 19:39) we note 
 marked development in this man. What 
 must have been his influence after the 
 day of Pentecost! 
 
 3. The Nob/eman : 
 
 a. It is said of him in 4:50 that "he be- 
 lieved the word that Jesus spake 
 unto him and he went his way." 
 Let the reader note this well that 
 it is just and only this simple thing 
 Jesus asks every one to do. It is 
 not to understand or be able to ex- 
 plain, but simply to believe the word 
 that Jesus speaks. Belief is mani- 
 fested by action as in this case. The 
 result will always be as with the 
 nobleman. He will find on inves- 
 tigation that Jesus speaks the truth 
 and he will believe anew. See 4:53. 
 
 4. The man born blind. 
 
 a. In 9:11 He says: "A man that is 
 called Jesus." 
 
 b. In 9:17 he says "A prophet." 
 
 c. In 9:33 he says " He is of God." 
 
 d. In 9:39 he worships Him as the Son 
 of God. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN cf) 
 
 Of this one says truly: "What writer of 
 fiction of the second century could have 
 executed such a study in psychology?" 
 
 The body of disciples. 
 In the disciples as a body was manifest 
 this development in a very interesting 
 manner. We might speak of three 
 stages of belief in them: First, before 
 the death of Jesus where they half be- 
 lieved at best; second, while He was 
 dead when they abandoned belief. 
 Their sentiment then was expressed by 
 one when he said: " We trusted that it 
 was He;" third, after Jesus' resurrec- 
 tion and descent in the person of the 
 Holy Spirit when they fully believed. 
 Jesus self-revelation to His disciples was 
 gradual. As the disciples could bear he 
 led them on. But they were so slow, so 
 stupid. So are we. Consider with what 
 patience he bore with their unbelief. 
 Note how careful he was to give them 
 good ground for believing in Him. If 
 one expresses astonishment at an expe- 
 rience, he encourages him by telling him 
 he shall see greater things than these. 
 When He has explained Himself more 
 fully He expresses pleasure and says; 
 "Do ye now believe?" The drama of 
 the Gospel by John is being repeated to- 
 day. All stages of belief pictured by 
 
100 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 John are in our midst. The same Sa- 
 viour also is at hand. As then so now 
 to those disposed to believe he says: 
 "Come and ye shall see," and he does 
 not rest until he has called them by 
 name and showed them His hands and 
 His feet, and drawn from them the 
 glad confession: "My Lord and my 
 God." 
 
 IV. — DEVELOPMENT OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 I. The case of Judas. 
 
 a. Knowledge of the character of Judas 
 
 by Jesus is declared in 6:64.. But 
 apparently Judas had not then 
 thought of betraying Jesus, for, 
 
 b. In 13:2 we have the words: "the 
 
 devil having already put it in the 
 heart of Judas ... to betray 
 him," indicating that the introduc- 
 tion of the idea was recent. 
 C. In 13:27 we read: " Then entered 
 Satan into him." The advance is 
 terrible and rapid from possession 
 of the devil's thoughts to posses- 
 sion of the devil himself. Judas, 
 though, had been for a long while 
 in preparation for this precipitous 
 descent. Even the preaching of 
 the truth to which he had been list- 
 ening hardened him gradually for 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN loi 
 
 it did not gain entrance to his life. 
 In the sixth chapter he is classed 
 with those who came to an open 
 rupture with the Lord because he 
 emphasized truth which was not 
 ag-reeable to them. 
 The Jewish Natioji. 
 
 Jesus came unto his own and his own re- 
 ceived him not. But they did not at 
 once reject him. Crucifixion came at 
 the end of a gradual development in op- 
 position. In the second chapter the 
 Jews challenge Him to show by what 
 authority he acts in driving them from 
 the temple. In chapter fifth we read 
 that they sought to kill him. In chaptei 
 twelfth we find opposition organized and 
 the decision arrived at that he must die. 
 Again, we say, the Gospel by John de- 
 picts a drama which is being repeated to* 
 day in every city where Jesus Christ is 
 named and presses his claims. As then 
 so now, Unbelief will not rest until it has 
 organized against the Lord, and secured 
 the order from Pilate to crucify Him, 
 and after assurance of his death and en- 
 tombment received permission to seal 
 the stone that is rolled to the door of the 
 sepulchre. When evidence of His res- 
 urrection is presented it deliberately 
 evades this by repeating the ridiculous 
 
102 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 lie that his disciples stole him away by 
 night. Let me repeat it that on the 
 other hand Jesus will not rest in his en- 
 deavor to implant faith in the hearts of 
 those disposed to accept him, until 
 gladly with Thomas they cry: "My 
 Lord and my God." 
 
 V. — SECRET OF BELIEF. 
 
 1. Hearing- the word, 5:24, 17:20. 
 
 2. Receiving the word, ly.Z. 
 
 3. Conti?tui?ig in the word,Z:'T,i. Cf. 1:12, 37. 
 
 4. Beholding versus seeing. Cf. with care 
 
 the Revised Version of 6:36, and 40. Cf. 
 12:45. 
 
 5. Drawn by the Father, 6:44. 
 6 Taught of God, 6:\s\^:\7. 
 
 7. Determining to do the will of God, 7:17. 
 
 8. Continuing to do the will of God. 8:34. 
 
 9. The gift of God, 6 :36, 37, 44, 65 ; 17 :6, 9, 24: 
 
 1:12; 10:26. 
 10. Cf. Ephesia7is2:?>and I Cor. 2:c),ic). Study 
 with this the Duty of Belief. 
 
 VI. — EXPLANATIONS OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 Note that many of these are given by Jesus 
 Himself. 
 I. A bad life, 3:19, 20. Cf. 8:45. 
 
 It is a moral impossibility for one de- 
 termined to be bad and who is doing 
 bad to believe. 
 
G c )sri:L Jiv j( )//y 103 
 
 2. Ullful rcjiction in iJie face of ample cvi- 
 
 i/ence, 5:40, 42. 
 
 Read liere the entire passat^e 5:30-40, 
 
 and note that v. 40 is the climax of the 
 
 whole. 
 
 3. biability to explain processes : 
 
 Note the three questions in John which 
 begin with the word How? 
 
 a. 3:11. The answer to this question is 
 
 a reassertion of the statement with 
 emphasis of competency to testify. 
 
 b. 6:42. " How does he say I came 
 
 down out of heaven," when we 
 know his family? This question is 
 asked to=day and believed by some 
 to be a sufficient answer to the un- 
 impeachable testimony given for 
 the divinity of Christ! 
 
 c. 6:52. " How can this man give us 
 
 his flesh to eat? " Read on for His 
 own interpretation. 
 
 4. \Va7it of a coinprehensive knowledge of 
 
 scripture, 7:41, 42. 
 
 The prophecies about Jesus coming to 
 Bethlehem were so well known that 
 the people forgot or overlooked the 
 others about a light arising in the 
 North country. The same difficulty 
 prevented Philip from giving Nathan- 
 iel an explanation. These two did the 
 wise thing and went to see for them- 
 
104 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 selves whether the claims made for 
 Jesus were true. 
 
 5. Forgetfulness of Scripture : 20:9, Cf. Luke 
 
 24:25. 
 
 This was the trouble with the disciples 
 when Jesus was dead. They forgot all 
 His words to them about His resurrec- 
 tion. How many of us are in trouble 
 and all because we forget His word! 
 
 6. Pride of Life, ^:\\,Qi.\i:\\. 
 
 7. The excuse that he bore witness of himself 
 
 8:13, 14. 
 
 8. The excuse that the great did not believe, 
 
 7:48. 
 Q. The humble origin of fesus, 7:48. 
 
 10. He outraged their religious prejudices, 
 
 5:16. 
 
 11. The deep spirituality of his teaching and 
 
 their gross materialistic ideas, 6:52 ff. 
 
 12. fudicial blindness, 12:26. 
 
 In a sense it is sometimes true when one 
 says: "I cannot believe." Sin is pun- 
 ished by the sinner being allowed to sin 
 more. This continues if one persists un ■ 
 til inability to do other than £in results. 
 What an awful state into which the wil- 
 ful sinner brings himself ! 
 
 YII. RESULTS OF BELIEF. 
 
 I. hi general — Eternal life, 6:47, Cf. 11:25, 
 26; 20:30. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 105 
 
 J. In particular. These following are put 
 explanatory and definative of eternal 
 life. 
 
 a. Food, 6:35, 5-8. 
 
 b. Drink, 4'-i3»i4- 
 
 c. Freedom, 8:32. 
 
 d. Knoivledge,, 8:22; 17:3. 
 
 e. Light, 12:36. 
 
 / Peace y 14:1, 27. Cf. 20:20, 21, 27. 
 
 N. B. My peace. What was His 
 peace? What is this peace? Am I 
 possessor of it? 
 
 g. /(?>/, 14:28; 16:22,23, 21. 
 
 N. B. My joy. What was His joy? 
 What is His joy? Am I possessor 
 of it according to His promise? 
 
 //. Power, 14:12. 
 
 /. Witness in self, i John, 5:10, 11. 
 
 j. Commimicators of blessings to others, 
 
 W^hat possibilities are pictured here! Are 
 we enjoying what God wishes may be 
 ours, and what we ma) will shall be 
 ours? 
 
 VIII. — RESULTS OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 1. In general. Eterfial death, y.^6; ^-.^2). 
 
 2. I?i particular. These following are but 
 
 explanatory and definative of eternal 
 
 death : 
 
 a. Hunger, 6:35, 58. 
 
io6 6" TUDIES IN THE 
 
 b. Thirst, 4:13, 14. 
 
 c. Bondage, 8:34. 
 
 d. Ig7iorance, 8:19; 55. 
 
 e. Dark?t£ss, 3:20. 
 / Trouble, 14:1. 
 
 g. Sorrow, 14:28; 16:6. 
 h. Weakness, 15:5. 
 /. Witness of si?t, 16:9. 
 j. Judged already, 3:18. 
 What a picture of a soul without Christ! 
 Who in the presence of it will refuse to 
 believe or hesitate to tell another of his 
 condition apart from the living One? 
 
 IX. — DUTY OF BELIEF. 
 
 This is emphasized in a remarkable man- 
 ner in this fourth Gospel. Note that 
 while faith is distinctly declared to be 
 the gift of God, it is most clearly shown 
 ■ to be our duty to believe. Some one has 
 said that "God's commands are his en- 
 ablings." This is wonderfully true. 
 The man with the withered hand was 
 i commanded to stretch it forth. He 
 
 could not do it, and yet he obeyed the 
 command and did do it. " This is the 
 work of God that ye believe." Follow- 
 ing is a reference of some sort to obe- 
 dience in every chapter of John. The 
 student should ponder this subject with 
 care: 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 107 
 
 I. " To as many as received him" — "Fol- 
 
 low me." 
 
 II. "What he saith unto you, do it." 
 
 Note the result. 
 
 III. "He that doeth the truth cometh to 
 
 the light," V. 21. " He that obey- 
 eth not," V. 36. 
 
 IV. Obedience illustrated in the Noble- 
 
 man. 
 
 V. Obedience illustrated in' man with 
 
 infirmity. 
 
 VI. " This is the work of God that ye be- 
 
 lieve," V. 39. 
 
 VII. "He that willeth to do His will shall 
 
 know," V. 17. 
 V'lll. Obedience a sign of sonship. 
 
 IX. Obedience illustrated in the blind 
 
 man. 
 
 X. Obedience of Jesus evidence of his 
 
 truth, vs. 25, 32, 37. 
 
 XI. Martha at the tomb, vs. 39, 40. 
 
 XII. Results of obedience, 26, 27, 47-50. 
 
 XIII. "If ye know these things happy arc 
 
 ye if ye do them," v. 17. 
 
 XIV. "He that hath my commandments 
 
 and keepeth them, he it is that 
 loveth me; and he that loveth me 
 shall be loved by my Father and I 
 will love him, and will manifest 
 myself unto him." V. 21. Cf. v. 
 23. 
 
io8 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 XV. " If ye keep my commandments ye 
 
 shall abide in my love," v. lo. 
 
 XVI. Incentives to obedience, v. 24. 
 
 XVII. " I have finished the work. ... I 
 
 have glorified thee," v. 4. " They 
 kept thy word," v. 6. 
 
 XVIII. Illustrated in Christ's word, v. 11. 
 
 XIX. Illustrated in Christ's act of obedi- 
 
 ence to the death. 
 
 XX. Blessedness of declared, v. 29. 
 
 XXI. Success following obedience, v. 6. 
 
 " When thou read'st what here is writ 
 Let thy best practice second it. 
 So twice each precept read shall be 
 First in the Book and next in thee." 
 A lady once said: "I cannot enjoy the 
 Bible. It is very dull and uninteresting 
 to me." " Read," was the answer, " until 
 you come to the first command, then go 
 and obey that command. Afterwards, 
 read on until you come to another com- 
 mand, obey that, and keep on obeying." 
 Shortly after this admonition the lady 
 returned smiling and said: " I have 
 done what you said and the Bible is a 
 new book to me." 
 
 X. THE SIN OF UNBELIEF. 
 
 The student who has followed these stud- 
 ies thus far must recognize that every- 
 where in the Gospel one is made to feel 
 that unbelief is sin. Perhaps the most 
 
G OS PEL B V JOHN 109 
 
 specific passages to be found on this 
 point in this Gospel are 3:18 and 16:8, 9. 
 Note that sin is emphasized in connec- 
 tion with rejection of Jesus Christ. Men 
 are judged by their treatment of the Son 
 of the Father. 
 
 XI. THE TIME OF BELIEF. 
 
 "Yet a little while is the light among [mar- 
 gin in] you. Walk while ye have the 
 light that darkness overtake you not : 
 and he that walketh in the darkness 
 knoweth not whither he goeth. While 
 ye have the light, believe on the light, 
 that ye may become sons of the light." 
 John 12:35, 36. 
 
 XII. OBJECT OF BELIEF. 
 
 The object of belief is a personal Savior. 
 The Spirit testifies of Him. Men are 
 convicted because they believe not on 
 Him. Vital union to Jesus Christ by 
 faith is the only method by which life 
 can find its way into the soul." "As 
 Moses lifted up the serpent in the wil- 
 derness, even so must the Son of Man be 
 lifted up; that whosoever believeth may 
 in Him have eternal life. For God so 
 loved the world, that He gave His only be- 
 gotten Son, that whosoever believeth on 
 Him, should not perish, but have eternal 
 life. For God sent not His Son into the 
 
no STUDIES IN JOHN 
 
 world to judge the world ; but that the 
 world should be saved through Him. 
 He that believeth on Him is not judged. 
 He that believeth not hath been judged 
 already because He hath not believed 
 on the name of the only begotten Son of 
 God." John 3:14-18. 
 
PART FOUR. 
 
 SPECIAL TOPICS FOR STUDY. 
 
 1. Time of writing. 
 
 2. Place of writing. 
 
 3. Style of writing. 
 
 4. Collect evidence from the book that the au- 
 
 thor was a Jew. 
 
 5. Collect evidence from the book that the au- 
 
 thor was a Jew of Palestine. 
 
 6. Collect evidence from the book that the au- 
 
 thor was an eye-witness of much of which 
 he wrote. 
 
 7. Collect evidence from the book that the au- 
 
 thor was one of the twelve disciples. 
 
 8. Collect evidence from the book that the au- 
 
 thor was the disciple John. 
 
 9. Summary of the external evidences of the 
 
 genuineness and authenticity of the Gospel 
 
 by John. 
 [o. Some internal evidences of the genuineness 
 
 and authenticity of the fourth Gospel. 
 [I. Some quotations from John by the fathers. 
 
1 12 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 12. Some quotations from the fathers about John. 
 
 13. Character of John the Evangelist. 
 
 14. Occasion of writing. 
 
 15. Gnosticism. 
 
 16. Cerinthus. 
 
 17. " The Alogians." 
 
 18. The fourth Gospel and the first Epistle of 
 
 John. 
 
 19. The fourth Gospel and the book of the Rev- 
 
 elation. 
 
 20. Some distinguishing features of the fourth 
 
 Gospel. 
 
 21. Omissions by John. Cf. the Synoptists. 
 
 22. Common parts in John and the Synoptists. 
 
 23. Difference in reception of Jesus by the North 
 
 and the South according to the fourth 
 Gospel. 
 
 24. Peter in the fourth Gospel. 
 
 25. St. John in Art. 
 
 26. The Allegories in John. 
 
 27. Outline of the Gospel. 
 
 28. Influence of Jesus' mother on John. 
 
 29. Seeming contradictory statements in John. 
 
 30. Account for special intimacy between Jesus 
 
 and John which justified the expression 
 "that disciple whom Jesus loved." 
 
 31. The night scenes in John. 
 
 32. The conversations of Jesus in John. 
 
 33. The Holy Spirit in John. 
 
 34. The feasts mentioned in John. 
 
 35. The early church councils in their statements 
 
 about the person of Christ. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 
 
 "3 
 
 WORDS FOR STUDY. 
 
 1. Believe. 
 
 2. Witness. 
 
 3. Know. 
 
 4. The Word. 
 
 5. Life. Cf. in I. John. 
 
 6. Light. 
 
 7. Truth. 
 
 8. Father. 
 
 9. Only begotten. 
 
 10. Son. 
 
 11. Name. 
 
 12. Right (authority). 
 
 13. Abide. Cf. in L John. 
 
 14. Commandment. 
 
 15. Comforter. 
 
 16. Manifest. Cf. in 
 
 I. John. 
 
 17. Glory, glorify. 
 
 18. Verily. 
 
 19. Judgment. 
 
 20. World. 
 
 21. Love. 
 
 22. Pray, Prayer. 
 
 23. Signs. 
 
 24. Works. 
 
 25. Receive, received. 
 
 26. Flesh. 
 
 27. Blood. 
 
 28. Sin. 
 
 29. Devil. 
 
 30. In order that. 
 
 31. Therefore. 
 
 32. Overcome. 
 
 SPECIMEN WORD STUDY.* 
 
 Verily. 
 
 1. Found fifty times in John. 
 
 2. Found in twenty-five verses. 
 
 3. Always repeated where found. 
 
 4. Repeated only in this Gospel. 
 
 5. Always in the mouth of Jesus. 
 
 * This is given to suggest to the student how to proceed in 
 the study of a word. The first thing to do is to collect all the 
 passages in which the word is found, 
 
114 
 
 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 6. Never at the beginning of a discourse. 
 
 7. Always either: 
 
 a. In continuation of a discourse. 
 
 b. To introduce some deep truth. 
 
 c. In reply. 
 
 8. Introduces always a truth of special solem- 
 
 nity and importance. 
 
 PLACES FOR STUDY. 
 
 1. Bethany beyond 13 
 
 Jordan. 14 
 
 2. Bethsaida. See 15 
 
 George A. Smith's 16 
 Geography of Pal- 17 
 estine, p. 458. 
 
 3. Nazareth. 
 
 4. Cana of Galilee. 
 
 5. Capernaum. 
 
 6. Jerusalem. 
 
 7. .(Enon near toSalim 
 8 Sychar, See 
 
 George A. Smith's 23 
 Geography of Pal- 24 
 estine, pp. no, 
 351-375- 25 
 
 9. Samaria. 26 
 
 10. Judea. 27 
 
 11. Bethesda (5: 2). 28 
 
 12. Tiberias. 
 
 Bethlehem. 
 
 The Mount of Olives. 
 
 The Pool of Siloam. 
 
 Solomon's porch. 
 
 Bethany. 
 
 Lazarus' tomb. 
 
 A city called Ephra- 
 
 im. 
 The brook Kidron 
 A garden (18: i). 
 The Court of the 
 
 high priest. 
 The palace {18:28). 
 The pavement (19: 
 
 13). 
 Golgotha. 
 Arimathea. 
 The tomb of Jesus. 
 "Where the disci- 
 ples were " (20: 19). 
 
GOSPEL B V JOHN 1 1 5 
 
 CHARACTERS FOR STUDY.* 
 
 I. 
 
 Jesus. 
 
 15- 
 
 Lazarus. 
 
 2. 
 
 John the Evangelist. 
 
 16. 
 
 Mary. 
 
 3- 
 
 John the Baptist. 
 
 17- 
 
 Martha. 
 
 4- 
 
 Andrew. 
 
 18. 
 
 Thomas. 
 
 5- 
 
 Peter. 
 
 19. 
 
 Judas Iscariot. 
 
 6. 
 
 Philip. 
 
 20. 
 
 Judas (not Iscariot). 
 
 7- 
 
 Nathaniel. 
 
 21. 
 
 Malchus. 
 
 8. 
 
 Jesus' mother. 
 
 22. 
 
 Caiaphas. 
 
 9 
 
 Nicodemus. 
 
 23- 
 
 Annas. 
 
 10. 
 
 The Samaritan 
 
 24. 
 
 The Maid (18: 16). 
 
 
 woman. 
 
 25^ 
 
 Pilate. 
 
 II. 
 
 The Nobleman. 
 
 26. 
 
 Barabbas. 
 
 12. 
 
 "A certain man" 
 
 27. 
 
 Mary Magdalene. 
 
 
 (5:5)- 
 
 28. 
 
 Mary, the wife of 
 
 13- 
 
 "A lad" (6:9). 
 
 
 Cleopas. 
 
 14. 
 
 The man blind from 
 
 29. 
 
 Joseph of Arima- 
 
 
 his birth. 
 
 
 thea. 
 
 * In the study of a character, first of all collect all the ma- 
 terial in the Gospel; then write down conclusions which the 
 facts demand. Afterwards learn what you can from other 
 sources: \n) Other books of the Bible; [p) Bible dictionaries; 
 (t) Other sources of information. 
 
ii6 . STUDIES IN THE 
 
 OUTLINE FOR STUDY OF A CHAPTER 
 
 (The following are the headings of Outline for Chap- 
 ter Study used in the Bible Institute.) 
 
 1. Past experience. (Here note any interesting ex- 
 
 perience with the chapter or any part of it.) 
 
 2. Present knowledge. (Here write in a sentence a 
 
 statement about your present knowledge of the 
 chapter.) 
 
 3. First impression after reading aloud without in- 
 
 terruption. 
 
 4- Relation to preceding chapter. 
 
 5. Relation to succeeding chapter. 
 
 6. Relation to development of plan of book as a whole 
 
 7. Name (see chart p. 14). 
 
 8. Date. 
 
 9. Literary characteristics. 
 
 10. Best text. 
 
 11. Key verse. 
 
 12. Parallel passages. 
 
 13. Persons. 
 
 14. Places. 
 
 15. Authorized and Revised versions compared. 
 
 16. Five striking facts noted. 
 
 17. Condensation of thought in your own language. 
 
 18. Theme with outline of thought. 
 
 19. Topics for study suggested. 
 
 20. Words for study suggested. 
 
 21. Difficulties and Questions suggested. 
 
 22. Remarks, Observations, Lessons, Applications and 
 
 Illustrations. 
 
 23. Results of study: a. As to my belief, b. As to my 
 
 practice. 
 
GOSPEL BY J OH X 
 
 117 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 "V. 
 
 
 
 Wo 
 od. 
 od. 
 
 terni 
 
 ii 
 ^ «;^ 
 
 
 '^00 dW_-S 
 
 i5 .S'Jv 
 
 :^ 
 
 
 iso^-f 
 
 K 
 
 Gospel 
 
 The Son 
 
 The Son 
 
 Goi 
 
 Chris 
 
 e Gospel 1 
 
 Spirit 
 
 Whole 
 
 E «=: - t; 
 
 
 
 Supple 
 
 Juc 
 
 ToFo 
 
 ospel of 
 
 Mat, 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 rt^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Greeks, 
 e Ideal ^ 
 Friend of 
 
 Man. 
 
 Catholic 
 
 Future. 
 
 Historica 
 
 Intellect 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 x 
 
 
 
 H^ 
 
 
 
 ►-I 
 
 
 
 k: 
 
 
 
 Ji! 
 
 J3 
 
 
 C 
 
 u 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 3 
 J5 
 
 
 i; ° 
 
 ^CJ 
 
 ui 
 
 S-2^=--^^S . 
 
 • --O != 
 
 Cii 
 
 rt >> rt .i£ u-- — 
 
 c i; rt 
 
 < 
 
 Ronn 
 
 Mighty W 
 
 The Might 
 
 Serv 
 
 Real 
 
 Pres 
 
 Prac 
 
 Wi 
 
 Synopti 
 
 Galilea 
 
 To Multiti 
 
 1 of the Inf 
 
 
 w 
 
 lU 
 
 
 J3 
 
 a, 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 . c 
 
 
 
 
 u > 
 
 
 
 rt ■- 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 ►^2 > d rt S 
 
 
 W 
 
 H 
 H 
 
 Jews. 
 e King of 
 Royal La 
 
 King. 
 Messianii 
 
 Past. 
 Theologic 
 Sensibiliti 
 
 
 < 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 X. D 
 
 
 
 ^e5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 bo- 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 O". 
 
 (4 
 
 
 
 Bg. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 0^ 
 
 iS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 z 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "^ to 
 
 13 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^"h 
 
 >> 
 
 
 
 ao 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
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 -1 
 
 
 u 
 
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 rt bfl 
 
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 i-s 
 
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 03 
 
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 3 
 
 l.i 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 73 
 
 t^'-Q 
 
 wQ 
 
 W 
 
 coo 
 
 1^ 
 
 X 
 
 rt 
 
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 > 
 
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 E 
 
 CO 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 0^ 
 c 
 
 ^1 
 
 5i2 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 ^0 
 
 < 
 
 a> 
 
 ?c^ 
 
 6 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 2^ 
 
 >5i 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 t/3 
 
 . OS 
 II 
 
 JO 3 
 
 g-5 
 
 
 
 
 !1 
 
 
 > 
 
 '-"O 
 
 1) -^ 
 
 
 1? 
 
 CO -■ 
 
 t^g 
 
 
 
 1- 
 
 f -a 
 
 
 ■^ D 
 
 bX)^ 
 
 r. D 
 
 
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 bfixi 
 
 
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 4) c/) 
 
 
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 W u 
 
 s: (u 
 
 
 J=J=-C c< 
 
 ■^-c 
 
 
 HHHW 
 
 H 
 
Ii8 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 SOME BOOKS FOR CONSULTATION 
 
 IN THE STUDY OF THE 
 
 GOSPEL BY JOHN. 
 
 I Westcott's Introduction to the Gospel by 
 John in " The Bible (Comprehensive) Com- 
 mentary." 
 
 2. Westcott's " Introduction to the Study of the 
 
 Gospels." 
 
 3. Godet's "Commentary on the Gospel by 
 
 John," with Introduction. Do not fail to 
 read Notes by the American author in Vol. 
 I., pp. 491-512. 
 
 4. "The Cambridge Bible (Commentary) for 
 
 Schools and Colleges," by Plummer. 
 
 5. Expositor's Bible in two volumes, by Dods. 
 
 6. "The Pulpit Commentary on John" with 
 
 Introduction. 
 
 7. Milligan on John in ' 'A Popular Commentary 
 
 on the New Testament." 
 
 8. Greenleaf on "Examination of the Testi-, 
 
 mony of the Four Evangelists by the Rules 
 of Evidence as Administered in Courts of 
 Justice, with an Account of the Trial of 
 Jesus." 
 
 9. Ryle's Expository Notes on John. 
 
 10. ' ' St. John the Author of the Fourth Gospel " 
 
 — Salmon. 
 
 11. "St. John the Author of the Fourth Gospel" 
 
 — Luthardt. 
 
 12. "The Authorship of the Fourth Gospel — 
 
 External Evidence " — Dr. Ezra Abbot. 
 
GOSPEL n V JOHN 1 19 
 
 13. "Love Revealed," by Bowen. 
 
 14. Bernard's "Progress of Doctrine in the Nevir 
 
 Testament." 
 
 15. "The Johannine Theology," by Professor 
 
 Stevens' 
 
 16. "The Historical Geography of the Holy 
 
 Land," by George Adam Smith. 
 
 17. Stalker's "Two Johns of the New Testa- 
 
 ment." 
 
 18. "A Lawyer's Examination of the Bible" 
 
 — Russell. 
 
 19. "The Divine Origin of Christianity indi- 
 
 cated by its Historical Effects" — Storrs. 
 
 20. Various Introductions to the New Testament 
 
 on John, such as Farrar's "Messages of 
 the Books," Harman, Dods, Kerr, McCly- 
 mont, etc. 
 
 Referring to Ewald, Luthardt and Weiss, in 
 Germany, Godet in France, and Lightfoot, West- 
 cott and Sanday in England, one says: " So long 
 as the arguments of such writers remain unre- 
 futed, we may still hold to the conviction that we 
 have before us in this gospel a genuine work of the 
 beloved disciple." 
 
120 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 COURSES OF BIBLE STUDY SUG- 
 GESTED. 
 
 III. I. II. 
 
 PRE-INCARNATION 
 
 The Old Testam't. 
 
 INCARNATION POST-INCARNATION 
 
 The Four Gospels. || Acts to Revelation 
 
 I. The Gospel by John According to Plan 
 OF THIS Book. 
 
 Supple me fitary or Parallel Courses. 
 
 1. Supplementary material (following 
 outline of John) in Matthew, Mark 
 and Luke. 
 
 2. Matthew, Mark and Luke, each in 
 light of specific object of writing. 
 
 3. A chronological study of the Life of 
 Christ with Harmony of the Gospels. 
 
 4. The Miracles of Jesus. 
 
 5. The Parables of Jesus. 
 
 II. The Book of Acts with Rapid Readings 
 OF the Various Epistles in Chronologi- 
 cal Order in the Light of Jesus' Pre- 
 diction Concerning the Holy Spirit : 
 "He Shall Testify of Me." 
 
 Supplementary or Parallel Courses. 
 
 1. The Life and Writings of Paul. 
 
 2. The Life and Writings of Peter. 
 
 3. The Life and Writings of John. 
 
 4. The Epistles to the Romans and Ga- 
 latians. 
 
 5. The Epistles to the Corinthians. 
 
 6. The Prison Literature — Ephesians, 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 121 
 
 Phillipians, Colossians, Philemon. 
 7. The Pastoral Epistles. 
 III. The Messianic Element in the Old Tes- 
 tament IN THE Light of Jesus' Declara- 
 tion (John 5 -.39) ' ' The Scriptures Testify 
 OF Me."* 
 Supplementary or Parallel Courses. 
 
 1. The Messianic Passages in the O. T. 
 in chronological order. 
 
 2. The Sacrificial System of the Jews — 
 Typology. 
 
 3. The History of the Jewish Nation. 
 
 4. The Life of David with books of 
 Samuel and Psalms. 
 
 5. The Life and Writings of Isaiah. 
 
 6. The Life and Writings of Jeremiah. 
 
 7. The Minor Prophets with Historical 
 background. 
 
 *SeeStudies VII, VIU. 
 
122 
 
 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 BEST VERSE IN EACH CHAPTER 
 IN JOHN. 
 
 Members of classes at the Lake Geneva (Wis- 
 consin) College Conference, the Northfield Col- 
 lege Conferences, and the Bible Institute, Chicago, 
 during the summer of 1895, were asked to report 
 without consultation with others the "best all 
 round " verse in each chapter of John. 
 
 Following is the list receiving the largest num- 
 ber of votes. 
 
 It is suggested that each one before consulting 
 this list, make one for himself, and afterwards 
 compare with that here given. 
 
 Many promised to memorize the list chosen. 
 Every one should memorize at least one verse 
 from each chapter in John. 
 
 I. 12 
 II. 5 
 
 III. 16 
 
 IV. 14 
 V. 24 
 
 VI. 35 
 VII. 17 
 
 VIII. 12 
 
 IX. 4 
 
 X. 9 
 
 XI. 25 
 
 XII. 32 
 
 XIII. 34 
 
 XIV. 27 
 
 XV. 5 
 
 XVI. 33 
 
 XVII. 3 
 
 XVIII. 37 
 
 XIX. 26 
 
 XX. 31 
 
 XXI. 17 
 
G OS PEL n V JOHN i ^3 
 
 ORDER FOR GROUP MEETING. 
 
 1. Recite in concert a verse selected from the 
 
 Gospel by the class. 
 
 2. Let each member of the group recite a verse 
 
 of his own selection from the Gospel. 
 
 3. Pray. 
 
 4. Spend five minutes of every hour of meet-" 
 
 ing in review, giving special attention to 
 gaining thorough familiarity with the ma- 
 terial in the book. Let the leader ask for 
 the contents of various chapters; e. g.. 
 What chapter contains the account of the 
 Good Shepherd ? What is in chapter IX. ? 
 
 5. Let each report in a single sentence the most 
 
 striking fact discovered since the last meet- 
 ing. 
 
 6. Compare results of study of main topic. See 
 
 list p. 5. 
 
 7. Hear report of special topic assigned some 
 
 member of the class. See list p. III. 
 
 8. Hear report on special zuord assigned some 
 
 member of the class. See list p. 1 1 3. 
 
 9. Hear location and description of a place as- 
 
 signed some member of the class. See 
 list p. 114. 
 
 10. Hear description of a character assigned 
 
 some member of the class. See list p. 115. 
 
 11. Hear answers to difficulties assigned mem- 
 
 bers at a previous meeting for investigation. 
 
 12. Hear an illustration which some member 
 
 may wish to give. 
 
 13. Let each who will announce a determination. 
 
 14. Assign work for the following meeting. 
 
 15. Pray. 
 
124 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 VARIOUS RAPID READINGS OF THE 
 GOSPEL BY JOHN. 
 
 1. Read and make a chart similar to chart 
 
 p. 15, putting catch sentences or words 
 in the chapter spaces for the purpose of 
 gaining familiarity with the material. 
 
 2. Read and make a chart similar to chart 
 
 p. 22, grouping the material about the 
 feasts, 
 
 3. Read and make a chart similar to chart 
 
 p. 18, grouping the material about the 
 miracles. 
 
 4. Read rapidly and note the setting of the 
 
 word believe^ which occurs nearly one 
 hundred times. 
 
 5. Read rapidly and note the setting of the 
 
 word witness, which occurs nearly fifty 
 times. 
 
 6. Read rapidly and note the setting of the 
 
 word sig7i, which occurs seventeen times. 
 
 7. Read rapidly and note the setting of the 
 
 word work. 
 
 8. Read rapidly and note the setting of the 
 
 word Father. 
 
 g. Read rapidly and nots material in the 
 light of the statement in 20:31, that Jesus 
 is the Christ (i. e., the Messiah of the 
 Jews). 
 
 [D. Read rapidly and note material in the 
 light of the statement in 20:31, that Jesus 
 is the Son of God. Note characteristics 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 125 
 
 here which indicate that this is the Uni- 
 versal Gospel — i. e., not for Jews alone 
 but for the whole world. 
 
 11. Read rapidly in light of the statement in 
 
 20:30, that he wrought these signs "in 
 the presence of his disciples." 
 
 12. Read rapidly for all names by which Jesus 
 
 was called by Himself or others. 
 
 13. Read rapidly for all attributes manifestly 
 
 belonging to, claimed by, or ascribed to 
 Jesus. 
 
 14. Read rapidly for all works done or c !aimed 
 
 to have been done, or announced to be 
 done by Jesus. 
 
 15. Read rapidly, for instances of worship of 
 
 Jesus. 
 
 16. Read rapidly for all names of persons 
 
 mentioned in the Gospel. Afterwaids 
 think through the book with the list be- 
 fore you and locate each in the material. 
 
 17. Read rapidly for all names of places men- 
 
 tioned in the Gospel. Afterwards think 
 through the book with the list before 
 you and locate each in the material. 
 
 18. Read rapidly for the teaching of the Gos- 
 
 pel about the Holy Spirit. 
 
 19. Read rapidly for the teaching of the Gos- 
 
 pel about sin. 
 
 20. Read rapidly for the teaching of the Gos- 
 
 pel about the Devil and demons. 
 
 21. Read rapidly for the teaching of the Gos- 
 
 pel about prayer. 
 
126 STUDIES ly TKE 
 
 22. Read rapidly with the words glory, glo- 
 
 rify in mind. 
 
 23. Read rapidly with the words manifest, 
 
 7nanifested in mind. 
 
 24. Read rapidly for evidence that the book 
 
 was written by a Jew. 
 
 25. Read rapidly for evidence that the book 
 
 was written by a Jew of Palestine. 
 
 26. Read rapidly for evidence that the book 
 
 was written by an eye witness. Here 
 note mention of distances, dates, times, 
 places, etc. 
 
 27. Read rapidly for evidence that the book 
 
 was written by a disciple of Jesus. 
 
 28. Read rapidly for evidence that the book 
 
 was written by the disciple John. 
 
 29. Read rapidly for some distinguishing fea- 
 
 tures of the Gospel. 
 
 30. Read rapidly noting the place Peter is 
 
 given in this Gospel. 
 
 31. Read rapidly for the testimony of John the 
 
 Baptist in the Gospel. 
 
 32. Read rapidly for the testimony of Jesus' 
 
 mighty works in the Gospel. 
 
 33. Read rapidly for the testimony of the 
 
 Father in the Gospel. 
 
 34. Read rapidly for the testimony of the 
 
 Scriptures in the Gospel. 
 
 35. Read rapidly for the testimony of Jesus 
 
 Himself in the Gospel. 
 
 36. Read rapidly for the testimony of Indi- 
 
 viduals in the Gospel, 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 127 
 
 37. Read rapidly for the testimony of the 
 
 Holy Spirit in the Gospel. 
 
 38. Read rapidly for the Instances of Belief in 
 
 the Gospel. 
 
 39. Read rapidly for the Instances of Unbe- 
 
 lief in the Gospel. 
 
 40. Read rapidly for the Development of 
 
 Belief in the Gospel. 
 
 41. Read rapidly for the Development of 
 
 Unbelief in the Gospel. 
 
 42. Read rapidly for Secret of Belief in the 
 
 Gospel. 
 
 43. Read rapidly for Explanations of Unbelief 
 
 in the Gospel. 
 
 44. Read rapidly for the Results of Belief in 
 
 the Gospel. 
 
 45. Read rapidly for the Results of Unbelief 
 
 in the Gospel. 
 
 46. Read rapidly for the Duty of Belief in the 
 
 Gospel. 
 
 47. Read rapidly for the Time and Object of 
 
 Belief in the Gospel. 
 
 48. Read rapidly for the Sin of Unbelief in 
 
 the Gospel. 
 
 49. Read rapidly for the gradual self=revela- 
 
 tionof Jesus. Note in this reading the 
 expression "mine hour is not yet come." 
 Was Jesus' life a self==revelation known 
 from the beginning or was it a revela- 
 tion to self or both? 
 50 Read rapidly and note all references or 
 allusions of a typical character — e. g. 
 
128 STUDIES IN THE 
 
 •'The lamb of God," "Destroy this 
 temple," "As Moses lifted up the ser- 
 pent," etc. 
 
 51. Read and note all changes made by the 
 
 revisers; 
 
 a. Which are confined to verbiage only, 
 leaving the meaning the same. 
 
 b. Which change the meaning. 
 
 52. Read deliberately chapter by chapter and 
 
 at the end of each chapter note on paper 
 the most striking fact which comes to you 
 while reading. 
 
GOSPEL BY JOHN 129 
 
 SOME RULES ABOUT TESTIMONY. 
 
 1. A proposition of fact is proved when its 
 
 truth is established by competent and 
 satisfactory evidence. 
 
 2. In the absence of circumstances which 
 
 generate suspicion, every witness is to 
 ,be presumed credible until the contrary 
 is shown, the burden of impeachment 
 being on the objector. 
 
 3. The credit due to testimony of witnesses 
 
 depends {a) on their honesty, {b) their 
 ability, (i:) their number and consistency, 
 {d) the coincidence of their testimony 
 with collateral circumstances. 
 
 4. The testimony of an adversary in one's 
 
 favor is stronger than that of a friend. 
 
 5. Testimony on matters of great interest 
 
 relating to any living parties, publicly 
 given, and remaining on file, may be 
 generally taken as true. 
 
 6. Testimony to facts not understood by the 
 
 witness is not likely to be forged. 
 
 7. Admissions and confessions given by any 
 
 person of that which would injure him- 
 self may generally be received. He 
 must be of a sound mind, serious, and 
 without hope of temporal advantage or 
 fear of temporal hurt. 
 
 8. Testimony given under oath is stronger 
 
 than that not given under oath. This is 
 
I30 STUDIES IN JOHN 
 
 especially true of those who are afraid 
 to perjure themselves but who are not 
 afraid to lie. 
 9. The testimony of a dying man is to be 
 regarded in the main as that of a man 
 under oath. 
 
Princeton