m$ '^Mi^:'^^ imms^' [im Sir John Denham (1668 ?), probably bearing in mind his savage criticism of George Wither, wrote a Psalter which was not published until long after his death. He was better entitled to the praise of " fluent sweetness " than Francis Rous. Here is a verse from his Ps. cxlv. — FROM THE LIBRARY OF REV. LOUIS FITZGERALD BENSON, D. D. BEQUEATHED BY HIM TO THE LIBRARY OF PRINCETON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY S«CtlQJil William J. Campbell, I BOOKSELLER, 1009 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. ^o':p«^^^ MAY 3 1933 VERS! O F T H E PSALMS OF D A V I D, Fitted to the T u N E s Ufed in CHURCHES. By the Honourable Sir JOHN DEN HAM, Knight of the Bath L N D Nj Printed for J. Bo w ye r, at the Rofein Lt^ci^ate' ftreet^ H. Clements at the Half- Moon in St. Paulas Church-yard^ T. Va R N a M and J. O s b o r n at the Oxford' Arms in Lombard- ftreet. 1 7 1 4. (iii) T O The Right Honourable THE Earl of D E R B Y, Mr Lord, Could not think my felf free from the Imputation of the higheft Injuftice, if I had pre- A 2 fix'd iv The Dedication. fix'd any other Name to this Dedication • to which Your Lordfhip has the ftrongeft Ti- tle, in Right of Your Excel- lently Pious Confort, Grand- Daughter of Sir J o H N D £ N- HAM, and only Daughter of Sir William Morley of Halnakei\ defervedly memora- ble for his fincere Affe^lion to the Church of England, and Loyalty to his Sovereign. Nor could I have chofen a more Worthy Patron for this laft Performance of fo Celebrated a Man, than Your Lordfliip, whofe truly Honourable Fami- ly is equally eminent both for its Important Services to the Crown, thro many Defcents, and The Dedication. v and for its Antiquity ; Your Lordiliip being the Firft Earl in the United Realm of Great Britain. The Fine Genius of Sir John Denham, appears every where in his former Wri- tings ; yet in This, the Pro- du6i of his Piety and retired Years, He feems even to have excell'd Himfelf The Royal Author, indeed, in the Original, fpeaks with Infpired Eloquence, and in fome of his Triumphal Hymns with fuch Pomp of Figures, Luxuriance of fuitable Meta- phors, and fuch Heights of A 5 Ima- vi The Dedication. Imagery, as no other Part, even of Sacred Writ, has e- quall'd, and which no Tranfla- tion can reach : Yet we may obferve in the prefent Verfion, a mod: devout Elevation of Soul, and wonderful Energy and Beauty of Expreflion. How comprehenfive is our Poet, even in a very little ? And how, like the Character of his own Thames, Strong without Rage, 'without overflowing Full ? So that all his other Monu- ments, rais'd by Verfe to per- petuate his Memory, feem mere A'^anity to This, and unworthy to The Dedication. vii to be compar'd with this Ex- cellent Deiign, which is fitted for the Service of the Church of GOD. Sir J o H N D E N H A M owns he was provok'd to this At^ tempt by the Imperfed;ions of the Verfion then, and ftill continued in Ufe, to the Wonder of the Prefent Age, fo knowing in Numbers, and fo exquifitely refin'd in its Tafte. Your Lordfliip will be my Voucher, how the Original Copies of Sir J o h n D e n- HAM came firft into my hands, and that after they had lain viii The Dedication. lain a confiderable time with the Right Reverend Father in God, George Lord Bilhop of Winton^ I return'd them to Your Lordfhip's Family ; from whom I received them again, by my Honour'd Friend Wi l- LIAM MoRLEY Efq; Bro- ther to your Excellent Lady, w^ith Commands to tranfcribe them for the Prefs. And as I readily engag'd in the Under- taking, fo I was oblig'd to pro- ceed in it with the utmoft Care, becaufe of the numerous Inter- linings which were made, in a Hand not very eafy to be read. But The Dedication. ix But that which more parti- cularly moved me to finifli this Work, was a fight of fome late Tranflations of the Pfalms, which I perceiv'd to fall as ihort of Sir John D e n- ham's Spirit, as they exceeded him in Length. And when I had writ out the whole, I ofFer'd it to the Perufal of fe- veral Eminent Judges ; among* whom was that Great Orna- ment of the Church of Eng- land^ Dr. S H A R p E, the late Archbilhop of Tork, who ap- prov'd of it fo far, that he often intimated his earneft De- fire to fee it Publilh'd : Where- fore, inflead of making any Apo- X The Dedication. Apology, I fliall only ask par- don for not putting it fooner in Print. And thus, Mr Lord, This long-conceal'd Manufcript, and moft Excellent Piece of Di- vine Poefy, comes abroad un- der Your Lordfliip's Protec- tion ; whofe Illuftrious Name will moft effe(5lually recom- mend it to the World for ge- neral Ufe : And it is with the utmoft Satisfaction and Plea- furc I embrace this Occafion of doing my felf the Honour of Publilhing this Valuable Work of Your Great Anceftor ; and of declaring at the fame time, with The Dedication. xi with the Profoundeft Refpe6t, how much I am. My Lord, Tour Lordjhip's mofi Obliged Jnd mofi Obedient Servant. Heighes Woodford ( xiii ) The PREFACE, By Sir J o H N D e n h a m. MY old Mafter r/rg-/7, when it came firft into his thoughts to write of high Things, tells us that Jpollo the In- fpirer of Poets puU'd him by the ear, advifing him. That a Shepherd ought to ^ mind his Sheep, and to fing only of low and humble Things. My new Mafter David (who at firft was a Shepherd, as well as the other) fpeaks to the fame pur- pofe, from a higher Spirit than Apollo Sy in Pfalm CXXXI. Lord^ my Heart is not haughty y nor mine Eyes lofty ^ neither do I ex" i ercife my felf in great matters^ nor in things which are too high for jne, Tho it may feem thefe two Rules might have reafo- nably prevented this bol^d Undertaking 5 a yet xiv The PREFACE. yet fince I find that neither of thefe Au- thors conftantly followed his own Dic- tate 3 one of them proving the higheft Poet that ever ^me produc'd, and the other not only above him in That, but in Prophecy above All others, before, ot fince, till the Mejjiah^ who was to de- fcend from Him, came into the World : And fince the Examples that Great Men fliew us, prevail more than the Precepts which they give us,, this might make fome excufe for my Prefiimp- tion. Yet I was far from undertaking this Work upon thefe, or any Sug- geftion, or Inftigation of my own 5 being foUicited, and almofl; forc'd to it, by many of my Learned Friends, both of the Clergy and Laity, and fome of them as well vers'd in the Art of Poefy as in moft of the other Liberal Sciences. Befide, this Work of mine is but a mere Tranflation 5 and being fo, I durft not add any new Ornamentals of my own to fo rare and accomplifh'd a Piece, left I fliou d be thought to pretend to the iame Spirit with which the Divine Author wrote. My chief Defign alfo has been only The PREFACE. xv only to make my Copy to come as near theOriginal^ as the Change of Lan- guage, Time, and Place cou'd admit, without the lead Superfetation of my own Fancy. To this end I firft confulted with the bed Commentators I cou d meet with 5 and of them all, I find my old Friend Dr. Hanmioiid the beft : Next with the three Paraphrafts, ^uchanarij Woodford^ and Sandys. The firft is a moft Eloquent Poet, and neareft the Antients of any that I have feen, except that Great Or- nament of the laft Age, Grotim. The Stile of his Verfion is round and juft, and always futed to his Subject 5 fo that the Learned Pope Urban VIII. who was likewife an Excellent Poet, faid of it, . 'Twcis pity it was written by fo great a Heretick^j for otherwife it fhoud haVe been fu7ig in all Churches under his Authority. As for Dr. Woodfordy I wifh he had fav'd me this Labour : but his Verfe is not for Singing, but Reading 5 and I am forry he did not feparate his own Conceptions from the Author's. If it had ftood by it felf, or as a Comment a z or xvi The PREFACE. or Defcant, it wou d have been a very fair Piece, having nothing heterogeneal or incoherent with the Senfe of 'DaVid : And had it only touched the Hem of the Garment, it wou d have looked like the well-fhadow'd Colours wrought about the Church's Veft of Gold in the Canti^ cles. There can be no Emulation be- tween him and me 5 for where there is no Refemblance, there is no Comparifon. All the quarrel I have to him, is, fiift that he did not, as I faid, fave me this pains 5 and then, that by fome modeft Expreflions in his Preface, he feems to in- vite, or indeed to provoke me to a new Attempt. But by the Pleafure of read- ing his Paraphrafe, I was eafily and per- fectly reconcird to his Preface 5 faving that if I ftand accused of too bold an Undertaking, I muft in part lay it to his .charge. ^■>iMt. Sandys ismore Mufical in fbme refpeds than Dr. Woodford, but as fhort of him in Depth, as he is in Length 5 fhorter than he in his Stanza's, but much mdre lliorc in his Fancy, and more aHen totheTe^^^' f^^ DxJVoodford s Length ^ :. is The PREFACE. xvii is only in order to Fluency and Roiind- nefs of Expreflion, and the better to fit his Paraphrafe for private Meditation and Delight, which 1 wou'd not willing- ly have loft. But Mr. Sandys's Brevity makes him now and then irregular, ob- fcure, and without that agreeable tafte which becomes fo weighty an Argument. For other Tranflations after the com- mon Way and Meafures, I moft ap- prove Mr. bartons of any that I have feen 5 who being a great Hehrlcmiy brings his Verfion very near the Origi- nal : yet even he, as the reft of the Tranflator§5 tho he has not paraphrased, has us'd frequently the Figure ^eri^hra^ fisy or Circumlocution 3 and either to make the Rhime more eafy, or the Senfe more plain, has made the whole Work languifliing and enervous. King James s Verfion I have not feen, nor Sir Thilip Sydney s^ and I find the laft in his Arcadia very unhappy in his Verfe. It may not be amifs here to obferve, there is another Fault into which moft of our ordinary Tranflations run, vi:^. That by making the Tranllation of al- a 3 moft xviii The PREFACE. mod every Pfalm run in the fame Mea- fure, and confequently to be fung to the fame Tiine^ they wholly miftake the Defign of the firft chief Author, who when he wrote Pfalms of Praife^Thankf- giving, or Rejoicing, ufes fp rightly and chearriil Airs, and the brighteft Images. When he mourns for his Tranfgreflions, and bewails his Afflictions, how fad and dejeiled are even his Expreffions ! And what a zealous, fervent, moving, and reconciling Spirit runs thro all his Penitentials ! Thefe Decorums the larger Para- phrafts (to do them right) have in a great meafure obferv'd 5 and I fhou d have foUow'd them clofer, had I oftner us'd the Verfe of ten Syllables in thofe high Raptures which fome of the Pfalms prefent. But Verfe of this length being uncapable to be ordinarily fung (tho againft the Opinion of fome of my Learned Judges) I made none of them beyond eight Syllables, the Number of the Hundredth Pfalm, the moft grave and graceful of all our Tunes. Tis The PREFACE. xix "'TIS now high time to make fome Apology for, or Reflexion rather upon my felf, according to the old known Rule, Qlii almn incu/atj ipfum fc tntuerl oportet. And that which I fliall fay both ways, is this : If many others had not given me example, I had not err'd now. If (tho not led by Example) I now err 5 as I was not the firft, fo I fear I fliall not be the laft 5 or rather hope I fliall not be the laft, who fliall fet upon fo noble a Work, as muft be own d the reftoring the Royal Poet to his firft Dignity and Honour. And truly I am fo far from envying any Man, who may perform better than my felf, that I fliall count it my beft Defert, and the faireft Re-* ward for what I have endeavour'd, to have been the happy Occafion. Final- ly, if I have committed an Error, there are fo many Accefforys to it, that even thofe, to whom I appealed as my Judges, are in fome part as guilty as my felf. For as I faid above, I made not this Attempt ex niero motu^ but upon the In- vitation, and almoft Importunity of my moft Learned Friends. The Animad- a 4. verfions XX The PREFACE. verfions above made upon the Para* phrafts and Tranflators, were not fo much my Arguments as theirs. And tho this may plead fome excufe for my Errors^ I know not whether it will for theirs 5 who having fo many among themfelves much more able, notwich- ftanding laid this burden upon my weak flioulders. But that which prevail'd moft with me, was the Change which Age and many Infirmitys had made in me : And to encourage others to undertake it af- ter me, I advife no Man to difliearten himfelf by the Senfe of Age, or Decay of Strength. For as Wit and Inven^ tion are the proper Fruits of Youth, fo Judgment and Experience are the Pro- duct of Age 3 Qualifications confidera- blymore important tofuch an Attempt as this, than the other, which are fuffer'd to range, for want of fuch a Moderator, manytimcsfLirtherthan is either juft or decent. For by Age, Wit and Inven- tion, like Fruits, are brought to their beft Perfection 5 and tho not fo fliarp and quick, are render'd more mellow, whole- The PREFACE. xxi' wholefome, and agreeable. And that I may not feem to maintain a Paradox, I experimentally found (the exuberant Excrefcences of Youth dropping off by Maturity of Years) that it was much lefs difficult to fupprefs the Ebullitions of my Fancy, than I fear'd it wou d have been 5 and from the fame Caufe (being recovered from the youthful itch of quaint Expreffions) I experienced that a little Force ferv'd my turn, to confine my felf to fuch a proper Plain- nefs as might not be contemn d by the Learned, yet underftood by the Vul- gar: imitating the old Fable, of nei- ther flying too near the Sun, left: I burn my Wings 5 nor too near the Sea, for fear of being plung'd headlong into it. And herein I followed the Rule of that excellent Judg Horace (at leaft endea- voured it) not to be too fhort to avoid Obfcurity, nor too prolix left: my Nerves and Spirits fhou d fail. However, be- lieving I cou d not ufe too much Cau- tion in fuch an Affair, after the Child was fo well grown, that the firft fond- nefs was fallen ofFi I fent it forth to be fed. xxii The PREFACE. fed, falliion'd and educated by others. He who took moft care of it, was the Perfon moft proper to do it, the Right Reverend Father in God, John Lord Bi- lliop of Chejler 5 the fame Dr. WilkinSy whom Dr. JVoodford mentions in his Pre- face, as his Encourager, and with whom I have had a long and moft friendly- Acquaintance. A Perfon not only of much, but of moft rcfin'd Learnings and not only fo, but a Promoter and Incourager of other learned Men to co- operate with him, in redeeming this learned Age, not only from its own De- fe(5ls, but From thofe it had received and contraded from its Anceftors. Now amongft our many vulgar Er-- rors, the obfoleteand unbecoming Drefs wherein ourfinging Pfalms have fo long been difguis'd, feem'd not the leaft to this judicious Prelate. A Verfion which in moft Places miftakes, in many con- tradids the Senfe, in fome makes it none at all, and throughout the whole emba- fes and depraves the Splendor and Pu- rity of the Original. And indeed tho Zeal in the beginning of the Reforma- tion, The PREFACE. xxiii tion, and Ignorance of the Laws of Numbers in that Age, may be pleaded for bringing our ordinary finging Pfalms into the Church, after the Example of ' the Reformed of a Neighbour King- dom : yet they cannot juftify the Con- tinuance of them without Corre(5lion and Amendment, in an Age fo clear- fighted as the prefent, and to which it is no fmall Scandal, that this moft fliin- ing part of Divine Service fliou'd be ftill eclips'd by the Darknefs wherewith that firft Eflfay has obfcur'd it. It looks as if Poefy were fo fatally divorc'd not on- ly from good Senfe, btit from Divini- ty (tho it was the firft Conveyer of it to Mankind) that it were impoflible they (liou d ever meet again. And I cannot but mention with Honour my Friend Mr. Cowley ^ who was the firft who of late ofFer'd to redeem her from that Slavery, wherein this dcprav'd Age has proftituted her to all imaginable Un- cleannefs. Dr. Woodford has happily fe- conded him, and I hope I fliall not be the laft, who fhall make it appear that Devotion and Poefy are not utterly in- con- xxiv The PREFACE, confiftenr. It is well urg d by Mr. ©^;v toHy in his Preface, out of Mdachiy if ye ojfer the 'Blind for Sacrifice^ is it not Evil ? Jnd if ye offer the Sick^ and the Lame^ is it not alfo Evil ? Since the Ser- vice of God is looked upon as a Burden, and the Way to Heaven is truly faid and found to be narrow and ftrait, it were to be defir'd not only to make this part of the Burden, which confifts of Pfalmody, light, and this Path as fmooth as we can 5 but if it were pof' fible, inftead of painful, and fteep, and rugged, to render iteafy and dehghtful. One main reafon there is which I think makes the Work neceflfary, which yet I wou d not mention but that the Cry of the Nation calls for it ; and it is that Spirit of Profanenefs which is gone out amongftus, in whom, if ever, the Prophecys of St. Teter and St, Jude are fulfil'd, That in the lafl Days Mockers jhall arife ; a Profanenefs that was un- known even to Heathens, the making Sport with Scripture, and turning it into Ridicule. This is ourUnhappinefs, and many Scoffers to our Reproach are a- mong The PREFACE. xxv mong us 3 tho it were to be wifli'd, that too fad occafion were not by fome a- mong us given. For tho any Man, who dares be fo bold, may with the help of very little Wit fcofF at Religion (as thebeft things may moft eafily be abus'd) and tho fuch, who want not (liame to do it, are yet further encou^ rag'd by the Standers-by 3 yet I am a- fraid the vulgar Tranflation of the Pfalms, which we keep in ufe, may have promoted this bold and moft pro- fane Licentioufnefs. Dr. ^roivn might have done well to place in the Cata- logue of his vulgar Errors, the great addiction which fome have to a Verfion fb barbarous, and wherein is expos'd, I fear, to contempt the moft noble and higheft Part of Holy Scripture, the Work of infpir'd Minds all of it, and among all thefe of two the greateft in their kind, Mojes and D^vi^ 3 one of whom God calls his Friend, the other the Man after his own Heart. For the way of my Tranflation, I have kept as near as poflTibly I cou'd to the Letter, and never willingly vary'd from xxvi The PREFACE, from the Senfe^ iinlefs it be to make it plainer to Englijh Ears than the Origi- nal, which in my Opinion was ab- folutely neceflary. For the Hebrew is fo fliort and abftrufe a Language, that manyfingle Words of it, to be rightly underftood by us, muft be turn d into a kind of Sentences. And to fhew that I have no other Ambition thro the whole "Undertaking, than the Service of God, of this bleffed Church my Mother, and of my Brethren its Members 5 if the Plainnefs of my Verfe make it not def- picable to High Underftandings, nor the clofenefs or Senfe, uninteUigible to meaner Capacitys j I have both attain d my own end, and ferv'd that of Poefy, T>eleEiare : AndThou wilt help the Fatherlefs. 1 5 Lord, fo deftroy this wicked Race, That nor their Name remain, nor Place ! 1 6 The Heathen of the Land are flain. But God eternally ftall reign. 17 Prepare our Hearts, and then thy Ear Freely our humble Crys will hear : 18 Nor fhall the Orphans and Diftreft By Earthly Man be more oppreft. Psalm PSJLM XL Xlt I J Psalm XI. 1 TpH O I on God alone rely^ A He bids my Soul, like Birds, take Wing^ Who chas'd unto the Mountains fly. 2 My Foes keen Shaft is onlhe String, His Bow againft me he prepares. That he may Ihoot me unawares. 3 If the Foundations are laid wafte, Alas ! where fhall the Righteous lie ? 4 Tho God in his High Throne is plac'd. The Sons of Men his Eyelids try. 5 The righteous Man he trys and proves. But hates the Soul which Rapine loves. Jii them, who Wickednefs purfue, Snares, Fire and Brimftone are diftil'd^ This horrid Portion is their Due, And with thefc Dregs their Cup is fiU'd. 7 But Righteoufnefs is his Delight, •His Face irradiates the Upright. Psalm XII. 1 TTELP, Lord ^ for Godlinefs is loft, ^ -^ And Faith from Earth departs •, 2 Men to their Neighbours falfly boaft. Or lye with double Hearts. .[. 3 But ^,4 Psalm xiii^ 3 But Lips of Flattery God cuts off. The Tongue of Pride he'l curb, 4 The. Tongue which at all Pow'r does fcof^ What Tow*r Jhall us difturb ? 5 God, to relieve th' Oppreft, will rife-, Tho now they figh and weep. He their Defpifers Ihall defpife. And them in Safety keep. 6 Than Silver, feven times purify'd By Fire, his Word's more pure : 7 His Power the Juft from Spite and Pride For ever fhall fecure. 8 Th' Ungodly Ihall on evVy fide Run to and fro amaz'd *, When thofe, whom they with Scora deride, To Honour Ihall be rais'd. Psalm XIII. 1 1171 LT Thou for ever. Lord, forfake, " And hide thy Face from me? 2 I, whilft my Soul's Advice I take, My Foes exalted fee. Islew Sorrows daily feize my Hearty Me in remembrance keep : 3 Thy Light to my weak Eyes impart. Left I ia Death fliou'd fleep! 4 For PSJLM XIV. 15 4 For then my Foe will fay, 'tis he Againft me has prevail'd ^ And they, who trouble me, will be O'erjoy'd when I'm aflaird, 5 I ftill God's Mercy truft •, my Heart Shall in his Aid rejoice: 6 Lord, fince to me Thou bounteous art. To Thee I'll raife my Voice. Psalm XIV. P E Fool has faid, and none but he, In's Heart, that there's No Deity. They are corrupt, and ev'ry one Abominable Works hath done. T 2 God from above Mankind did view^ If any Him or fought, or knew : 3 All turn'd afide, are filthy grown *, No Good they pradife, no not one. 4 Have ye no Knowledg of my PowV, That you like Bread my Saints devour ? On the Great God they never call, 5 Tho into horrid Fears they fall. Becaufe the Lord fupports the Juft, 6 They mock the Poor, who in Him truft. 7 From Sion may Salvation come. And Captives fetch'd, from Exile, home! 4- Then i6 FSALM^Y. xvr; Then Jacobs Offspring fhall rejoice, And Ifrael raife his ehearful Voice* Psalm XV. 1 TTTTHO fhall afcend Thy Holy Hiil^ ▼V Who in thy Tent abide ? 2 He who obeys Thy righteous Will, Whofe Lips have never ly'd. 3 He who backbites not with his Tongue, Nor does delight in Spoils By falfe Reports who none does wrongs 4 Who does defpife the Vile ! Bat thofe who honour God he loves •, He ne'er his Oaths fufpends, Tho what he fwears his Damage proves % 5 Kor for bafe Us'ry lends: Who nor for Hire, or vile Rewards, The Innocent betrays. He who thefe Rules with Care regards, A firm Foundation lays. Psalm XVI. 1 /^ GOD, on whom my Soul does reH, ^^ Defence to her afford ^ 2 She fays, that what's by her pofleft, Is nothing to her Lord. 3 In what is Hers, to Saints who dwell On Earth, flie yields a Right, Such PSALM XVt i 17 Such as in Piety excel. Are only her Delighto 4 Who after other Gods make haft. Shall multiply their Woe : Their Blood-crown'd Bowls away HI call. Their Names I will not know. 5 The Lord is my Inheritance, Who makes my Cup overflow •, His Providence, not heedlefs Chance, My happy Lot did throw.