71 
 
 ^C6 
 
 #I5?5 
 
 i 
 
/A^vruty f. / Qv\fiuyuu 
 
^ #ijw 
 
J be Ar\ of the Covenant Opened-, fabl 
 Or, A J 
 
 TREATISE 
 
 Of the 
 
 covenant: 
 
 of 
 
 Redemption 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 
 
 God and Chrift, as the Foundation of the 
 Covenant of Grace. 
 
 Wherein is proved, 
 
 That there is fucha Covenant. 
 
 TheNeceffity of it. 
 
 The Nature, Properties, Parties thereof. 
 
 The Tenor, Articles, Subjeft-matter of Redemption. 
 
 The Commands, Conditions, and Promiles annexed. 
 
 I The Harmony of the Covenant of SuretiQiip made 
 
 with Chrift, and the Covenant of Reconciliation 
 
 made with Sinners : wherein they agree , wherein 
 
 they differ. 
 
 ^Grounds of comfort from the Covenant of SuretiQiip. 
 
 Written by a Minifter of the New-Teftament. 
 
 L N D O N, 
 Printed for -7bd. Varkburft at the Bible and three Crowns in Chetyftde, 
 near Mercers Cbappel, 1677. 
 

 TO THE 
 
 R E A D E R. 
 
 THE two only things thatpould induce any 
 one t a give his Teftimony and Recom- 
 mendation unlo Difconrfes that are 
 publifhed for fublick ufe, are the im- 
 portance of the Argument treated on> 
 and the nfeful judicious handling ofit^ in thofe Dif- 
 conrfes. Whatever elje may be 7 or ufually is jpoken 
 unto, on fitch occasions , is a diversion from what 
 ought to be intended \ and what is expeffed by all 
 them who give fuch Prefaces the perufal. But both 
 thefe in the enfuing 'Difconrfes feem to be fitch > and 
 fo ftated , as to render any Recommendation of mine 
 in this way needlefs and fuperfluous. For the Ar- 
 gument treated of bei*g the Covenants of God with 
 Chriji the Mediator, and with the Church in bim> 
 there are none who have any acquaintance with 
 Chriftian Religion 3 or care of their own Souls , 
 but muji 9 and will, acknowledge to be of the great- 
 eft weight in it felf and highefi concernment unto 
 
 A 2 them 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 them. For the DoCtrine hereof, or the truth herein, 
 is the very -Center wherein* all the lines concerning. 
 the Grace of God and our own duty, do meet } where-- 
 in the whole of Religion doth confift. Hence unto the 
 unaerjlaxding, Notions, and Conceptions, that men 
 have ofthefe Covenants of God , and according as 
 the Dcdrine of them is Jiated in their minds , 
 their Conceptions of all other facred Truths , or 
 Doftrines, are conformed. And therefore as they 
 who have right apprehenftons,a;sd a true underfiami- 
 ing of thefe things, cannot in th\ ufe of- diligence ', 
 and the means appointed thtrtkfU, fipjstly milia^e 
 the Truth in any other point of weight in the whole 
 compafs of Religion '•> fo thofe who unhappily fall 
 under mifapprehen r yt zbout them, do generally either 
 fuSuaU in thei** own minds about all other Evan- 
 gelical Truths , or do corrupt aficl pervert the whole 
 Doffrine concerning them And i reon alp depends the 
 regulation of all our intire Chrijiian pratf/fe or Obe- 
 dience, as all will Ack&owledg who have an) fytowledg 
 of thefe things. It feems therefore altogether need- 
 left, that there J/jould be any new Recommendation 
 of the fubjeft- matter of the enfuing Difcourfes^ unto 
 thofe who ferioufly mind their own Spiritual and Eter- 
 nal concerns 5 and as unto others , it is to no purpofe 
 to declare the worth and nature offuch Pearls unto 
 item. As for the manner of the Declaration or 
 handling of thefe facred Truths in the enfuing Dif- 
 courfes , the known Abilities, Piety , Learning, and 
 Judgment of this Author, with that leafure he had 
 to add his laji thoughts and confldtrations unt othem, 
 are fufficient to give the Sober Reader an expeffa- 
 Hon of as muchfatisfa&ion as he ts like to meet withal 
 
 m 
 
To The Reacfer. 
 
 in endeavours of this nature. I cannot there- 
 fore but judg that there is little need oftbkAttejia* 
 Hon which I ant defred to give unto this excellent 
 and ufeful Treatife. Howbeit^ that I may not feent 
 wholly to condemn my felf in what I do, Imufi ac 
 hpowkdg that therewere fome reafons which induced 
 me to comply with the defire of the worthy Fublijher 
 of it. My long Chrijlian acquaintance^ and friend- 
 flnp with the Author , made me not unwilling to tefiifie 
 my Refpetfs unto him and his Labours in the Church 
 of God \ now he k at Rejt^ for whom I had fo great 
 an efteem whilfi he was alive. And whereas the whole ' 
 Dejign and end of my felf as unto others, is to pro- 
 mote the kpowledg of the truths of the Gospel of our 
 Lord tfefus Chrifti and the pra&ifeofthem $ J knew* 
 not, but that with fo me at leaji, this occajional word 
 might one way or other conduce unto that end. Ijhall 
 therefore briefly and plainly give an account of my 
 thoughts concerning this Dijcourfe^ which I have with 
 fome diligence and great fatisfaStion perufed, Very 
 many learned and godly perfons have laboured in the 
 fame fubj eft unto the edification of the church : I 
 intend them only who agreeing in the truth as to the 
 fubllance of it, may yet differ in fome conceptions 
 about it^ or the way of Explanation of it* For 
 it is not unufejul that the fame truths efpecially that 
 which is offo great importance as is what concerneth' 
 the Covenant, be varioufly handled by many, according 
 unto the meajure of the gift of Chrifi which they have 
 received? fo whereas we know all hut in part, if we 
 have^ as we ought to have, a continual fen fe of the 
 imperfeUion of our kpcwledg, none ought to be of 
 fended if they meet with, fame difference in Concepti- 
 ons 
 
To the Reader.' 
 
 ens and Expeditions about things of lejfer moment ;, 
 among^ofe whp agree in the fubfiance of what they 
 dopropofe ;.Jerfe& Harmony, and Vniverfal Agree- 
 ment in all things, is the priviledg only ofthefacred 
 Writers who were Divinely infpired. But from the 
 firft day that the management of Religion was in 
 the Providence of Godentrujied with them who had 
 not an infallible Guidance , there is an apparent evi- 
 dence of fuch differences as thofe we fpeal^of amongji 
 them all ••> even the befi and wifeji of them. We may 
 therefore allow them all their jufi Commendation 
 who have laboured diligently in the invejiigation of 
 the Truth although fome of them have not efcaped 
 various mijiai^es about it* Nor is it fpoken with 
 any reflection on the endeavours of others who have 
 written on this fubjeCf, when I do freely declare my 
 judgment^ That for Order , Method , Perfpicuity in 
 treating p andfolidity of Argument y the enfuing Dif 
 courfe exceedeth whatfoever fwgle Treat ife I have feen 
 written with the fame dtfigns ** it alfo is entirely 
 compliant with the ,Doffrine of the Gofpel, in what is 
 afferted in it. Three things may be expeSed in 
 difcourfu of this nature D or however the fubjeS 
 requires that they may be attended unto. I 
 
 !• A diligent declaration of the Truths in and from 
 its proper principles ) with afohd confirmation there- 
 of 
 
 2. A praciical improvement of the Truth fo de- 
 clared and demon/irated. 
 
 3. A vindication of it from dire& oppofition againjl 
 it, or the corruption of it by a Mixture of fa Ife notions 
 and apprehenftons about it, efpeci ally fuch as wherein 
 C-hrifuan PracJif is nearly concerned. 
 
 Each 
 
To the Reader.' 
 
 Eachofthefe the Reverend and Leaned Author 
 of the enfuing Difconrfe had A* efpecial regard unto h 
 and how he hath (Uncharged himfelf in them all, will 
 quickly appear unto every judicious and attentive 
 Reader. I am fur e Ijfjall not -offend in wjjhingthat 
 others may find the fame fat isfaBion in their perufal, 
 as 1 have done. Wijl)^ J heartily do alfo , that as 
 many of thofe as can with convenience D who dejire 
 a good and fafe Guide in thefe important truths, in 
 m the declaration whereof fo'inanf have run into 
 ex tr earns , even unto the hazard of the Souls of 
 Men, and would have their hearts excited unto 
 their praUife, would furnijh themfelves with what 
 is here tendered unto them. For I find that in 
 what is DoStinal in the whole Difcourfe , wherein 
 a great and excellent part of the Myfiery of the 
 Gjfpel is unfolded, the Reverend Author hath fully 
 weighed, not only what can be faid in the confir- 
 mation of what he offer ts, hut alfo what can be faid 
 againfi it, or befe* up in competition with it, car- 
 rying on the truth with fuccefsful Evidence , and 
 clear Demonjiration. And as unto what is fraUi- 
 col, as he had the experience of it in his own Soul, 
 fo there is nothing wanting that might give the 
 feverals infijied on , a due imprejjion on the Minds 
 and AffeCtions of others. Soundnefs in DoSrine , 
 Gravity in Speech, ConviSion in Argument , Power 
 in Exhortation , Clearnefs and Perfpicttity in Or- 
 der, with a nervous Untwtexture of Scripture- 
 7ef?i monies and Re df ok, throughout the whole , all 
 evidencing their fpring in this work^ to have been, 
 Zeal fo* the Glory of God, Love of the Truth, and 
 Companion towards the Souls of Men, do in my judg- 
 ment . 
 
T° ^ e Reader. 
 
 mint animate and fill up thefe difcourfes from the 
 Beginning unto the End. that they may be blefed 
 unto the benefit and advantage of them who defire t» 
 be edified in the truth that it after Codlinefs , is , 
 the earnefi Prayer efr 
 
 READER, 
 
 Thy Servant in the 
 
 Work of the Gofpel, 
 
 John Owen. 
 
THE 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Chap. I. 
 
 OF the foundation of the covenant ofGrace? or of the co- 
 venant of Redemption ', where 'tis i . Proved, that 
 there is fuch a covenant between God and Chrift, P. i. 
 I. Proof ', fromlfo. 59. 20,21, p. 2. 2. Proof \ from 
 PfalmSp. p. 1. 3d. Proof j from Scriptures, which hold forth 
 all the JEffentials and Requifites for making up a formal Cove- 
 nant , to be betwixt God and Chrift, p. 5. The necejfary Requi- 
 fites unto the ejfence of a Covenant,^ % 6. That they are to be 
 found betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, ib. ( 1 ) Confent and 
 agreement between God and Chrift about this thing, p. 6. 
 ( 2 ) Propofals made by Jehovah to Chrift, p. 7 : And Chrift s 
 confent to the fe prepofals, p. 12. (3) That there is reftigies 
 to be found between God and Chrift, of all things required to 
 explicit e formal covenanting, p. 1 6. ( 1 ) Commands , with 
 Promifes , p. 17. ( 2j Promifes with conditions , ibid. 
 ( l) Conditions with confent, p. 18. (4) Confenting,with 
 performing, ibid. ( 5 ) Asking, aid giving, p. 19. 
 ( 6 ) Works, Wages, ibid. 4. Proof, from the Offices, Em<- 
 ployments, Trufts, Towers, Authorities and Relations , which 
 Chrift did bear in order to his peoples Redemption , p. 20. 
 The Covenant between Jehovah and thrift evinced to be the 
 foundation of the Covenant made with us* p- 26« 
 
 {a/ Chap, 
 
The Contents. 
 
 Chap. II 
 Of the necejpty of the covenant of Redemption ', and I. Wh it 
 kind of neceffity for the being of this Covenant, p. \ I. Three 
 Questions about itrefohed, p. 32. And the extr earns on either 
 hand confidered, p. $6. (2) In what refpetls, or to what in- 
 tents it isneceffary: 1. For the honour of God', confidered^ 
 1 . Effentiatly, as to his Nature and Attributes, p. $9. 2. Per- 
 y*?*^/, as to the diflintl fubfiftences of the ,perfons of the Trini- 
 ty } and the dilUnct Offices of the three Perfons, p. 40. 2. The 
 good of the ranfomed and redeemed people, p. 42. And that y 
 
 1. To ujher in the new way of Life by the G of pel. 2. That 
 the Gofpei covenant with us, might he purely of Grace, p. 43. 
 
 3. To advance our falvation, p. 44. 4. TL*? the fountain of 
 our falvation might be out of our felves. 5. For our eftablijh- 
 ment under the new Difpenfation, p. 45. 6. for the bettering 
 of our bleffednefs and glory, p. 47. 7. For having in readi- 
 
 -nejs a Phyfician before we Jhouldbe fick^ 8. For cutting off all 
 occafion of boafiing from man. 
 
 Chap. III. 
 
 The nature of the covenant of Redemption, ma?>ifefted. 1 . The 
 various eternal Alls of the Will of God, that concurred to 
 make up this Agreement : 1 . Defignrtion of the perfon. 2. Fit- 
 ting of him. $. Calling of him. 4. hive [ling him, p. 51. 
 _j Sending him. On the other part, Chrifi s confent and com- 
 pliance, p. 52* 2. The diflinBion and order of thefe .atts of 
 his Will : 1. According to the fut writ ion of things, p. 54. 2. As 
 to his execution of them. 3. As to the end. 
 
 The Properties 0) the covenant of Redemption are, 1. Freedom^ 
 p. 57, 2. 6> , : * •* />, p. 60. 3 . Eternity^ p. <S j. 4. Equality 
 ift parties an&conditions, p. 67. 5. 0/-^r,p. 70. 6. Stability. 
 
 The parties cf this stern.il tra.ifaclion about Rede^ihn, Jq- 
 hov&h and Chri}?, p. 73. /^n? f#ey *re r# be confide red, fnewn 
 in thefe aff rations : 1. Tfcjg fc 6W £f 0/? both fides of thu Co- 
 venant , yet not to be confidercd the fame way on both parts. 
 
 2. The Covenant is tranfacled with Chrifi perfonal : not Chrifi 
 myftical . p. 74. $. TheCovr^ntw^: voi mad- with Chrifi, as 
 God: t but as God-;;- ;.:?, p. 75. 4. Chrifi woi cho fen Lord- Me- 
 diator, and we ehofeh in him , before he is a f arty covenanting with 
 J; hovah about ow Redemption, p. 78. Chap. 
 
The Contents. 
 
 Chap. IV. 
 
 The fub)ec~b -matter and Articles of the covenant of Redemp- 
 tion concluded between God and Chrifl, were, I . Whofhould be re- 
 deemed, p. 80. 2. Who flwuld be the Redeemer y p.8 1 . i.What 
 the Redeemers work; 4. When it jhould be done, p.82. 5. How 
 to be apply ed, p. 8 3. 6. What reward for his work^, p. 84. 
 
 7. What fhould be the mutual affurances for performance of the 
 Articles agreed on, p. 8 ^ . The conditions and engagements re- 
 quired of Chrifl by the Covenant , opened in eight affertions, 
 p. 86. 1. All the commands of the Covenant , and conditions-, 
 ibid. 2. All the conditions of the Covenant, were voluntary alls 
 of Chrifl 's WilL 5. They were certain conditions, p. 87* 4. They 
 Were works, p. 88. 5. The conditions of the covenant of Sure- 
 tijhip made with Chrifl , did fully anfwer the intent of the co- 
 venant of Works, p. 89. 6. Neither Chrifl s active nor paffive 
 Obedience are to be excluded from making up the adequate con- 
 dition of the coven-ant of SuretiJJup , ibid. 7. The conditions 
 required of him, and performed by him, were meritorious, p. 90. 
 
 8. The condition of the covenant of Suretifhip is more general,viz. 
 his whole u dertaking, p. 9 1. Or more fpecial and formal \ his 
 whole Obedience both atlive and paffive, p . 9 2 . 
 
 The encouraging conditions made to Chrifl by God, of eight 
 forts :■ i. Such as relate to the Offices, Authorities, Trufts and 
 Powers, that were covenanted to him for the doing his wo fkj, p. 94* 
 2. Such as relate to the Gift and habitual Endowments , necef- 
 fary for performing this wor^, p. $6.' 3. Such as relate to his 
 fupport in execution of his Office, p-97- 4. Such as relate to 
 the fuccefs of his wor\ of Redemption, p. 99. 5. Thofe that 
 relate to his Fathers acceptance of his work,, p. iok. 6. Thofe 
 that relate to his reward for his Work,, p. 104. 7. Thofe that 
 relate to -Inter eft, p. IQ7. 8. Thofe that, relate to the whole 
 defign and intent of his Suretifhip, p. 108. 
 
 Chap. V. 
 
 The harmony of the covenant of Suretiflrip made with Chrifl, 
 and the covenant of Reconciliation and Grace made with finners : 
 They agree together 7 1. In their rife from Free 'grace , p.i 1 3. 
 
 (a 2) a. In 
 
The Contents. 
 
 % In their defign, the redemption of loft people, p. 114. 3. In 
 that Chrift is the grand Inftrumwt of both, ibid. 4. They 
 are both commen fur able with Gods election of the parties with 
 whom he made the Covenants, p. 115. 5. The principal ends ef 
 both, are the fame , ibid. 6 . The advantage of both redounds 
 to us : the honour to the Lord. 7. There is exchange of places 
 between Chrift and his redeemed feed in both, p. 11 6. 8. In 
 many properties, free, gracious, fare, p. 11 7. 
 
 They differ, 1 . In their rife ; one came from grace in both 
 parties: the other not, p. 1 17. 2. In the property of Eternity. 
 
 3. The parties are different*, in one, Jehovah and Chrift , in 
 the other , Father , Sm and Spirit , and loft /inner s, p. 118. 
 
 4. The covenant of Redemption is equal , that of Reconciliation 
 unequal, p. 1 1 9 5. In the covenant of Redemption, there was no 
 Mediator; in thai of Reconciliation there is, 6. The Promifes 
 of the two Covenants are different, p. 120. 7. Threatnin^s 
 are annexed to the covenant of Reconciliation, 8. Ihe com- 
 mands and conditions of them are differ ent^^. 121. 9. The 
 covenant of Redemption tarried not for our confent to ma\e it 
 an actual covenant: the other does, p. 122. 
 
 The two Covenants are con]oyn'd together by a five-fold con- 
 nexion: 1, By an infeparable connexion, p. 123. 2. By an 
 infallible connexion, j. An injuperahle connexion, p. 124. 
 4. By a fecret and hidden connection. 5. By a beautify! con- 
 nexion, p. 125. Their connection illuftrated by a Similitude, 
 p. 127. 
 
 Chap. VI. 
 
 The grounds of comfort refulting from the covenant of Sure- 
 tijhip to thofe who are in the covenant of Reconciliation : 1, The 
 original of Gods covenanting with us, is an eternal compact be- 
 tween Jehovah and Chrift, p. 128. 2. The fame love of the 
 Father and Chrift, now drawing thee into the New Covenant , 
 hath been in action for thee in Eternity. 3 . Our Redemption 
 and Salvation hath little of our Will, and much of Gods gra- 
 cious Will in it, p. 129. 4. By the covenant of Suretijhip, 
 the fountain of life and falvation , lay cut of our fslves, in 
 Chrift. 5. By the covenant of Suretijhip, our Rights aid Char- 
 ters, the Promifes, are in a furer hand than our own, p. 130. 
 
The Contents. 
 
 6. By the covenant of Suretijhip , Chrifi and the Believer are 
 in a manner in one Writ, p 1 $ 1. 8. By the covenant of Sure- 
 tijhip , all the hard conditions lay upon Chrifl , p. uj, 
 
 9. That in the covenant of Suretijhip, the Believer is under- 
 taken for by both the parties, Jehovah and Chrifi, p. 1^6. 
 
 10. The Believer is in a fure and confirmed Eft ate, p. 137. 
 
 11. Whatever Chrifl did in that Covenant , it was for m: 
 and we did it in him, p. 138. 12. By that Covenant , be- 
 fides all other Attributes , the Juflice of God is for the Believers 
 falvation. This, 1. Is an argument to anfwer all temptations 
 
 from our frailty, inconfiancy,&c* p. 140. 2. Admire and 
 findy the depths of Love in Gods Covenant, p. 142. 3. Learn 
 how needful the knowledg and perfwafion of Chrifl s Suretifliip 
 for Hi, is, p. '143- 4. Nothing more necejfary to engage our 
 hearts to ftudy faith and hololinefs, p. 144. 
 
 Chap. VII. 
 
 Concerning the Mediator of the New Covenant -, and, l.Of 
 
 his Name , what it fignifies, p. 145. Chrifi called Mediator 
 
 m a four-fold account : I. In refpetl of his V erf on. 2. Office. 
 
 3. Fitnefs and qualification* 4. His actual inter pofing, p. 147. 
 
 1. Through him was the Covenant fir ft moved. 2. Through 
 
 him was the bnfinefs begun and ended in the Councel of God. 
 
 3 . Through him were we reprefented in his tranfatlion with 
 
 his Father, p. 148. 4* Through him God did fir ike hands 
 
 with us. 5 . Through him the Covenant is fulfilled, 6 . Through 
 
 him came the news of it. 7. Through him is the My fiery mads 
 
 manifeU in the he arts of his people, p. 149. 8. He paid the 
 
 price to Juflice for us, 9. Through him is peace made. 
 
 10. Through him the hleffings of the Covenant are apply ed to 
 
 ms* 11. Through him we receive thefe hleffings, p. 150. 
 
 12. Through him was the Covenant with m confirmed. 
 
 1 3. Through him are our hearts engaged to the bargain, ,'p. 151. 
 
 14. Through him is the Covenant made firm and fi able, llfes, 
 1. 1 he mifery of thofe under the covenant of Works y 2. The 
 hleffednefs of Believers under the covenant of Grace. 3. Since 
 Chrifi is Mediator , he mufi be employed and acknowledged, 
 p. 152. 
 
 ' Chap. 
 
The Contents, 
 
 Chap. VIII. 
 
 Concerning the neceffity of a Mediator } and the reafons 
 why the Covenant is eftablijh'd in the hands of a Mediator , 
 of three forts, p. 15$. 
 
 ( l ) Refpetting Gods Glory ', I . The glory of his Honour. 
 2. The glory of his Wifdom. $, The glory of his Goodnefs, 
 p. 154. 4. The glory of his Juftice,?. 15$. 
 
 (2) Reafons ref petting Chrifl ; 1. In refpeclofhis Offices , 
 King, Prieft, and Prophet, ibid. 2. His Power. 3. In 
 refpetl of the dependence we have on him.. 4. In refpetl of 
 his fole working the whole bufinefs, p. 156. . 
 
 ( 1 ) Sort of reafons , rej peeling the creatures good, nega- 
 tively i and affirmatively : Negatively, 1. Without the Media* 
 tor, we could have had no faving-knowledg of God, p. 156. 
 2. No union between God and man. . $ . No communion with 
 God. 4. 2{o conformity to God. Affirmatively : 1. A foun- 
 dation is laid for a higher happinefs to be recovered in* Chrift, 
 than was loft in Adam, p. 157. \% There is a better fecurity 
 of that happinefs. 3. Solid grounds of Confolation. Uies : 
 I. This clears one difference between the covenant of Grace, 
 and that of Works, wherein was no Mediator, p. 158. 2. From 
 the neceffity of a Mediator , be convinced of your need of a 
 Mediator, p. 159. $. Carry it as thofe that need a Media,- 
 tor, p. 160, 
 
 CHap. IX. 
 
 Concerning the prfon of the Mediator of the New Cove*- 
 nant, p. 16.1 : called, 1. The Word of God, p. 162. 2. The 
 brightnefs of his Fathers glory, p. 163, 3. The exprefs I- 
 mage of his Fathers perfon, p. 1 64. 
 
 I. Chrift hath in him a glorious refemblance of the excel- 
 lency and Attributes of the Father. 2. It is by Chrift that ail 
 thofe Excellencies of God are revealed to us, p. 164. Three 
 things in God are difcovered in Jefus Chris! . 1* The Attri- 
 butes of God \ Wifdom, Goodnefs, Mercy, Power, Soveriagnty, 
 Juftice, Holinefs: All-fufficiency , Patience, Faithfulnefs, Ma- 
 
 " i, p. 166Y 
 
 * The 
 
The Contents. 
 
 2, The diftinB fubfiftences of the perfons of the Godhead, 
 p. 171. 
 
 3. The diftinB Offices of the three T erf oris : I. The Atts 
 of the Father, plotting and making the covenant with Chrifi 
 Mediator. 2. The ABs of Jefus Chri ft undertaking. 3. The 
 Alls of the Spirit. 
 
 Chap. X. 
 
 Concerning the Office of the Mediator', and 1. Of his cal- 
 ling to it j p. 174. 2. By whom he wax called, by God the 
 Father, p. 1 75. 3. When he wo* called to it : 1. In refpell 
 ~*f his designation to the Office , it is Eternal, p. 176. 2. In 
 rejpeEb of his furniture for , and being invefied in his Office , 
 it is in time, p. 1 77. life 1 . Wonder at Gods eternal Love 
 in calling Chrift, and his voluntary fubmiffwn to it. life 2. 
 To eftablifh our faith in the prevalency of Chrisls Mediati- 
 on , ibid. life 3. Shews the neceffity of receiving the Me- 
 diator . Ufe 4. Is comfort to Believers. 
 
 Chap. XL 
 
 Of Chrifts qualification for the Office of Mediatorfhip ^ and 
 1. Of his taking our nature upon him,- p. 179. Where, 1. Is 
 to be conftdered the reality of it, p. 180, 2. His condejc end- 
 ing- love in it, p. 181. 3. The exaltation of our Nature , 
 p. 183. 4. How Qhrifis taking cur Nature, is the great 
 qualification of him for his Mediator (hip, p. 1 8 5. 1. He muft 
 he God: for man could not fatisfie for fin, p. 186. 2. He 
 muft be Man , becaufe he mn fir ft and in our (had : and be one 
 with us,&c p. 187. 3. The reaj'ons why he muft be God 
 and Man, in one per f on, p. 188. 
 
 Chap. XII. 
 
 Several Qwftions refolvtd concerning Chrifts taking our Na- 
 ture upon him •, Why God the Father, or the Holy Ghoft, too\ not 
 our Nature, but the Son? p. 1 89. 2 . Why muft the Son of God be 
 not only Man, but the Son of Man, the fed of the Woman? p. 191. 
 3 Why did not the Son ofGodtakf Adams nature in Innocency ,but 
 
 when 
 
The Contents, 
 
 vthenitwas corrupted? p. 192. 4. Why muft our Mediator be 
 born of the feed of Abraham? and when? p. 194. 5. why 
 muft our Mediator he made under the Law ? p. 195. 6. Why 
 was the Son of God horn of a Virgin, and not a marriedWo- 
 man ? p. 196. 7. Why is Chrift made Man in the fulnefs of 
 time, and not fooner nor later? p. i97» The Vfes, p. 198. 
 
 Chap. XIII. 
 
 Of Chrift s VnElion , another qualification of him for his Of- 
 fice - the fir ft part of which is his Anointing to thefe Offices 
 of Prophet, Trie ft, and King, p. 20 1. The neeeffity of them 
 in him, p. 202. The ufe of them in our Mediatory p. 204. 
 
 3. The concurrence of them for the end of his Mediator pipy 
 p. 209. V.fes x y. 215. 
 
 Chap. XIV. 
 
 The fecond part of Chrift s VnBion, viz. as it relates to his 
 qualifications' for the work^ : I . Of his VnElion in general, 
 p. 22 1. 1. It was the fame with the V notion of Believers y 
 p. 224. 2. It was without meafure, p. 223*. 3. As to the 
 time of his Vnfhion } it was from the fir ft Vnion of his two 
 Natures : 4. The extent of his VnBion : it reacheth to all 
 the parts of his Mediatorfhip, p. 226. Vfes of it, p. 227, 
 
 Chap. XV. 
 
 Of the Requifites in a Mediator , which are eminently in 
 Chrift : and I . Of the Requifnes of fitting him for his Trufl - 7 
 as 1. A Mediator mufl he a perfon that muft have inter ~ 
 eft in both parties, 2. He mufl he trufl ed by both par- 
 ties. 3. He mufl be well ajfetled to both parties, p. 230. 
 
 4. He muft have power over both parties. 
 
 ( 2 ) Requifites relating to the managing fuch a workj As, 
 1. He muft be a condefcending perfon % p. 231. 2. He mufl 
 he Mollifying, p. 232. 3. He muft be Affable , p. 233. 
 4. Meeh^and long-fujfering, p. 234. 5. Merciful and ten- 
 dr-hearted, p. 235. 6. He muft be potent enough to com- 
 pafs his undertaking) p. 236. 7. Faithful to* the intereft of 
 
 both 
 
The Contents. 
 
 both parties in the Mediation, p. 2$8. 8. He muftbe a wooer 
 of both the parties, to bring them in friendjhip together ', p.2$p, 
 9. Couragious to undergo difficulties and oppofitions, p. 240 . 
 
 Some other properties in our Mediator qualifying him for his 
 Wrk.i not found in any otfer Mediator : as 1. His Onenefs with 
 both parties between whom he mediates, p. 242. 2. He never 
 declines the work^ of Mediation for any. 3 . He is always at 
 hand) and ready, p. 24$. 4* -^ perjetual Mediator, p. 244. 
 Several Vfes, ibid. 
 
 Chap. XVI. 
 
 Of Chrifts execution of the Office of a Mediator : 1 . He doth 
 it according to both Matures : proved by fix Reafons, p. g.5 1. 
 2. Chrift hath executed this Office ever fine e the beginning of the 
 World, p.255. 3 . Jcfus the Mediator executeth his Office as weft 
 in his eft ate of Exaltation, as Humiliation, p . 2 5 7 . A Que ft ion, 
 whether the tsfngcls have any jhare in Chrifts Mediation*. An- 
 fwered, p. 259. 1 he execution of Chrifts Mediator jhip, redu- 
 ced to five Heads, p. 262. 1. To prepare a way for mans co- 
 venanting with God, p. 26$. 2. To bring thetletl within the 
 bond of the Cov$nant, r $. 264. 3. To enable whom he bringeth 
 into the covenant opijrace*, to perform the Duty of the Cove- 
 nant, p. 266. 4. To keep them from falling away from that 
 blejfed Eft ate, p. 267. 5. To bring them to the height of that 
 blejfednefs he hath appointed for them, p. 269. 
 
 Chap. XVII. 
 
 Grounds of comfort and fupports of Faith , arifing to Belie- 
 vers from Chrifts Mediatorjhip ; 1 . To thofe who are convinced 
 ef enmity betwixt God and them, and defire Reconciliation, 
 p. 272. 2. To Believer s>> who are come to God through him, 
 p. 27 j. $. It reacheth to' all the evils wherewith Believers 
 can be affiiftci, ibid. Grounds of comfort : if we confider, 
 
 1. The ¥ erf on who mediates, he is one with the Father: 
 
 2. The ? erf on with whom he mediates; his relation to the Me- 
 diator, and the per Jons he mediates for, p. 277. 3. The Per- 
 fo%s for whom he mediates ; 9ur nearnefsto the Mediator and 
 
The Contents. 
 
 to God by him. 4. The caufe for which he mediately therigh 
 teonfnefs and honourablenefs of it, p. 278.. 
 
 Chap. XVIH 
 
 Of the Relations that Chrift fuftaineth in the covenant of^ 
 Grace, viz, A witnefs of the Covenant : 1. The Witnefs wit*>- 
 neffed, p. 299. 2. The Witnefs witneffing : 1. An Eye* 
 mtnefs, p. 302. 2. An ailing Witnefs. -3. He did declare 
 all he f aw, heard, and atted, about it, p. $0 3. Three My Se- 
 ries declared by him: 1. The myflerie of the G 'off el-covenant, 
 p, 304. 2. The my ft erie of Chrift, p. 305. 3. The myftt- 
 ry of the Gofpel-righteoufnefs , and the way of juftifying Sin- 
 ners, p . 3 06. Several My ft erie s in this Right eoufnefs ; 1 . The 
 imputation of it: 2. In the Inftrument^vh . Faith. 3. In the 
 imputation of it, with reference to thePerfons to whom it is imputed. 
 
 ( 4 ) Chrift is the witnefs of the Covenant , who confirmeth 
 the truth of all that is contained in it, p. 3 07. Viz. Command^ 
 Vrotnifes, Conditions , Threatnings ., Prediclwns and Excepti- 
 ons, p, 398. 5. Uks of this, p. 3:13.- 
 
 Chap 
 
 sym 
 
 'Another Relation Chrift bears in the Covenant, viz. the me f 
 jenger of the Covenant, p. 325. Where, 
 
 (1) The import of the name, Meffenger, or Angel of the 
 Covenant, p. 326. 
 
 (2) In what refpetls. it is applicable to Chrift, p. 327. 
 l. In regard of the truft committed to him in the matters of the 
 Covenant. 2. In regard of his pains and travel wit^ p. 328. 
 
 (l) Betwixt whom doth Chrift travel as Meffenger of the f 
 Covenant, p« 3. 30. 1. Chrift is in fome refpetl a Meffenger 
 betwixt God± and\ah\the viftbls multitude to whom the Cove-'- \ 
 napt is offered, and the, G of pel preached, p. 331. 2. More 
 fpecially between God and his cho fen. 3. To many Hypocrites 
 and Reprobates, p. 332. 4. To the multitudes unto whom the 
 Gofpel is preached, p. 333. 
 
 (4) Whofe Meffenger : whether of one or both parties , in 
 reffetl of delegation^ and w iff on, an& fubor dination ; but of 
 
 one 
 
The Contents. 
 
 one, in fefpeB of his bufinefs, labour in it, and Ambaffage a- 
 bout it, and correfpondence with both : he is a Meffenger of both 
 parties, ibid. 
 
 f 5 jl About what bufmefs be is Meffenger, viz. all thing* 
 appertaining to the Covenant : I. As to the making it, p. 35 5. 
 2. The maintaining and preferring it, p. 3 36. 3. The renew- 
 ing and eft abliflring of it, p. 357. 
 
 (6) Confider the Properties of the Angel of the New Cove- 
 nant * 7 1. He is faithful, p. 5 38. 2. An atlive diligent Mef- 
 fenger. 3. A fweet Meffenger, p. 339. 4. An accurate Re- 
 porter of his Meffage. 5 . Mortified to hit own honour and cre- 
 dit, p. j 40. Two Vfes of this, ibid. 
 
 Chap. X(X. 
 
 Another Relation Chrift bears in the Covenant , is that of a 
 Servant, p. 349. To under ft and this : confider, 
 
 (ijTln what refpcBs this name is given to Chrift : il In re- 
 gard of his Office. 2. In regard of his condition of Humilia- 
 tion. $. In regard of his Truft. 4. In regard of his Work. 
 5. In regard of his Wages. 6, In regard of his Spirit of Fear 
 he was fnbjettto, p. 3 50. 
 
 (1) How he came under this Covenant-Relation: 1. The 
 Lords choice or Call. 2 . His own Love. 3 . His free Confent. 
 4. His compact and Covenant engaged him, p. 353. 
 
 ( l) Whofe Servant Chrift was in the bufinefs of the Cove- 
 nant*. i.Gods. 2. Ours. 3. Servant to both: with fome diffe- 
 rences, p. 354. 
 
 (4) What kind of fervict ? belongs to Chrift by his Covenant-re- 
 lation? 1. The great eft ever was pit on man, Redemption and 
 Salvation. 2. The hardeft piece of workj, p. 356. 3. An ho- 
 nourable Service^ he ferved as King. 4. The moB kindly fer- 
 vice from Love, p. 357. 
 
 f 5) What was the fervice Chrift did in the bufinefs df the 
 Covenant? it was all that Chrift had in commiffibn to do in 
 our Nature, from the time of his receiving a Commiffion to be 
 the Mediator of the Covenant , to the time of his delivering up 
 the Kingdom to his Father, p. 358. Two Vfes of this , p. 
 3<5o. 
 
 (b 2) Chap* 
 
The €ontentr. | 
 
 Chap. XX*- [hap ' %X 
 
 Chrift the Surety of the Covenant , p. 08. To open this , it 
 is confidered, 
 
 ( I ) Of the name and thing : the fever al figni feat ions of the 
 Hebrew wordy yfy, Ghnarab, p. $69, which anfwers to the 
 Greek, tyywt , p. 371. and Sponfor, p. $72. The nature of 
 this Suretifhip: 1. It is a ground of 'Truft, p. 372. z. It im- 
 ports fever al things i 1. Obligement for another : and that 
 2. Voluntary. $. Vnion of parties y p. 37;. 4. Communion 
 between the Debtor and Cautioner. 5. The fubftitution of one 
 in the room of another. &. A conjunct Obligation of Surety and 
 Debtor to the Creditor, p. '374. 7. Imports either irrefpon- 
 fabtenefs in the Debtor , or diftruftfulnefs between Creditor and 
 Debtor. 
 
 (l) Suretifhip of divers kinds among men, perfectly re* 
 fembling Chifts Suretifhip, p. 3 75. 
 
 Affertions for clearing the Covenant-Relation, p. $79. 
 1. Man confidered in the fecond Covenant, hath as much need 
 of a Surety, as a Saviour. 2. Chrifts furetijhip was not only 
 a voluntary act, but an actalfo of abfolute Sever aignty, p. 379. 
 4. When man was broken , Chrifl unrequefted , undertook for 
 him to fatisfie his Creditor. 4. £hrift died not only for our 
 good, but in our fie ad, p. 380. 5. Chrift the Surety , and 
 broken man, the Debtor, are one in Law, p. 581. 6. Nei- 
 ther the Creditor nor Law can exacl fatisfatlion of Surety and 
 Debtor, p. 382. 7. Chrifts furetijhip was a mixture of ju~ 
 ftice and grace. 8. Chrifts furetijlnp was not private. 
 9. Chrift in his undertaking, had his Fathers Bond of relief 
 and warrandice, p. 38 5, 10. All Chrifts Offices are founded 
 •n his furetijhip, p. $84. 
 
 ($) How came he to be furety of the Covenant? God made 
 him fo : which imports, I. Something in God, viz* his decree. 
 2. His anointing him. $. Inve fling him, p. 385. 2. Some- 
 thing on Chrifts part, viz. His condefc ending, z. His enga- 
 ging his faith to do what he agreed. $. His performance of 
 thefe things, p. 387. From this furetijhio of Chrift for his 
 P'eple, arifeth a fourfold Relation, founded on it ; 1. A na- 
 tural 
 
The Contents. 
 
 tnralMation. 2. A legal Relation. h A federal Re* 
 Utiort. 4. A myftical Relation, p. 388. 
 
 (4) For whom Chrift is engaged at Surety of the Covenant: 
 fomepremiffestothe Anfwer$.i9$. Anfwer, J. Negatively, Not 
 for all mankind, 2 . Nor for all thofe within the vtfible Church, 
 p. 35x5. Affirmatively: Chrift undertakes for the Elect only, 
 
 ($) For what Chrift is engaged by his Suretifhp. Some di- 
 ftintiions fpeahjng the extent of his undertaking. I. Chrift is 
 Surety for his people, in his ft ate ? and in his alliens, p. 397. 
 2. He was fo in earth, and is fo in heaven, p. 398. 3. In 
 our-ftead, and in our behalf, p. 401, 4. On Gods part to man, 
 and mans part to God, p. 402. h For God to man, engaging 
 to make good all the promifes thereof to us, p. 402. 2. For 
 mans part to God } which lies in three things. The firft re- 
 lates to the violation of the Law, and broken covenant of > Works ', 
 p. 404. which comprehends two things ', 1. His fur rogation in 
 ourplace. 2. His fatisf action,^. op ^. The > 2. Relates the condi- 
 tion and commands of the New Covenant. 1 , He isfurety to God 
 for our performance of the Commands of the New Covenant , p. 
 406. 2. He is an engager to make thefe things that are required 
 of us, pofftble and certain in the performance, p . 408. 3 . He is 
 engaged to give habitual Grace, and aclual Influences, p. 409. 
 
 1. Bowing our will. 2- To preferve thefe Habits, p. 410. 
 3< For our exercifing habitual Grace. 4. For the livelinefs of 
 our Graces. 5. For the increafe of the habits of Grace, p. 
 411. 6% To ftir us up when heavy. Five affertions clear 
 this; that Chrift m engaged for our obeying the preceptive part 
 of the Law, p. 412. The third part of Chrift s Suretijhip 
 for man to God , relates to his undertaking for the perfons of 
 the Elect : 1. For the indempnity of all the El eel, p. 418. 
 
 2. Far their good behaviour . 3. For their appearing before God 
 at laft, 4. For compleating whatever concerns their falvation, 
 p. 4iQ# 5. For compleatly delivering them. 
 
 (6) Some things that commend Chrift s Suretijhip, 1 . That 
 he rendered him f elf their Surety J>e fore they needed him, 2. That 
 he entred on it fo freely. 3. The great danger of his under- 
 taking, p. 420. 4. That he engaged for a party which defer- 
 ved no pity, p. 421.. j; That he engaged for a people he could 
 expert no fatisfaclion from, p. 42 1. 
 
 (7) Wherein Chrift s Suretijhip differ eth from bonds of cauti- 
 onry among men, in eleven things, p, 422.- (18) The •■ 
 
The Contents. 
 
 (i). The. advantages believers have by- Cbrifts Shmijhip. 
 
 1. Exemption from the Law and hand of Juftice? p. 427. 
 
 2. the New and better Covenant-ftate. 3. Oar perfeverance 9 
 And flMity inii, p. 428. 4. An ability to perform the con- 
 ditions of the Covenant , p. 429. 5. Boldnefs in diflreffes to 
 lay oar weight on him. 6. In refpsft of temptations, preven- 
 tm & ftandwg againfl, or delivering from them, 
 
 Ufes. i. Ground of Comfort ;, p. 431. 2. Ufe. Expoftula- 
 tion with believers and unbelievers ; p. 432. 3. life. Tryal 
 whether Chrift liath undertaken for you, p. 434. 4. life. This 
 Dotlrine confirms many Articles of Faith: 1. Free Election^ 
 p. 435. 2. The Sovtraignty of Grace. 3. Ferfeverance f 
 p. 436. 5. Ufe. Serves to anfwer Ml temptations? difcourage- 
 ments ,and do ubtings in believer s, p*437. 6. life. Exhortation 
 to believers? p. 440. 7. life. Put not. any thing in Chrijis place 
 as Surety for yon, 
 
 Chap.XXJL 
 
 Of Chrifis being the Teflator in the Covenant of Grace : 
 where, 1. Of the name and relation. It imports a per fon dy- 
 ing. 2. A perfon invefted with pojfejfwn and right to fome 
 efiate, p. 445. 3. A power in him tc difpofe of what he pof- 
 feffeth. 4. A Deed* $. An attual difpofing of his goods , .p. 
 446. 
 
 (2) What was the defign of his being T eft at or in the Cove- 
 nant. 1 . That he might add a new title to believers. 2. To 
 declare his free Grace. 3. To ratifie believers titles to Co- 
 venarit-blejfings. 4. To make way . to the pojfejfwn of them? p. 
 
 • 447- 
 
 (3) How this defign is accomplijht in thrifts bearing this 
 
 relation in the fever al inflames, p. 44.8. 
 4. Vjes made of this, p. 450. 
 
 Chap.XXIH. ^Xll 
 
 Be fides the relations Chrifi bears in the Covenant : he is 
 the Covenant it felf-^ which imports, 1. The abridgu^thc 
 whcU Covenant in Chri\ Mediator. 2. The commttw^the 
 vrhils bufwefs by God to him, p. 45 3. Chrift is all the Cpve- 
 
 a nt, 
 
The Contents. 
 
 ftAtitj I. Originally, p. 454. 2. Trim wily. 3. Eminently , 
 p. 455. 4. Virtually. 5. Exemplar ily^ p. 45 6. 6. Compre- 
 henfively, p. 457. f2) The J um of the Articles of the Cove- 
 nant is in Chrift, p. 4.58. ( $) The fum of the mutual flip Hiation is 
 in Chrift, p. 459. (4) Chrift is the fum of all the PromifeS) 
 p. 460. 
 
 (5) Chrift the fum of all the properties of the Covenant, p. 
 461. 1. Freenefs. 2. Everlaftingnefs. 3. Of the order of 
 it. 4. ...It's ftability. 5. It's perfection. 6. lis fatisfatfori- 
 nefs, p. 46 3. 
 
 (6) Chrift the fum of all Covenantbleffngs. I. Eminently. 
 
 2. Comprehenfively. 3. Vltimitely, p. 465. 4. Virtually, po 
 466. 
 
 life. 1. Of reproof, 1. To f/w/e w&0 feek^ fomething elfe. 
 2- T0 f/w/e fto feek^ fomething more than Chrift, p. 466. 
 
 3. To thofe that feek^fomething lefs. 4. To thofe that wrangle 
 about circumftances, to the prejudice of the marrow of the Gof 
 pel, p.4^7- 
 
 life. 2. To difcover how we fall jhort of giving Chrift his 
 place in the Covenant, p. 467. 
 
 life. 3. Of tryal, whether you are in the covenant of 
 Grace, p. 468." Try this ± 1. By your divorcement from ldofs 7 
 pi 469- 2. By consenting to the mutual tye of the Covenant. 
 3. By your fubjeclion and fubmijfion to Chrift, p. 470. 4. By 
 your fatisfatlion with, and acceptation of the whole bargain. 
 5. By accounting duties your priviledges. 6. By your equal 
 endeavours after holinefs and heaven f ^4^1. 7. By being 
 humbled and provoked to holinefs, by the knowledg of your be- 
 ing in Chrift. 8. By your valuing of Chrift, p. 472. 
 
 life. 4. To teach us to obferve more of Chrift, in whatever 
 we fee appertaining to the Covenant, p. 473. 
 
 life. 5. E or commending Chrift to you. 1. See the-neceffty 
 of him. 2. Learn the way hove \to come to God, p. 474. 3. Be 
 perfwaded to take him that is given for a Covenant of the peo- 
 ple, p. 475. 4. Take him, and make ufe of him •* for all the 
 Covenant, p. 476. 
 
 Uie. 6, For comfort to believers, ibid. 
 
CHAP. I. 
 
 Of the Foundation of the Covenant of Grace , or 
 of the Covenant of Redemption. Where , 
 i. 'Tis proved that there is fucb a Covenant 
 vrith Chriji. 2. That this is the foundation 
 of the Covenant made with us. 
 
 AS the Covenant of Grace hath its rife from God only, 
 and from Grace *, fo 'tis founded and bottomed upon 
 nothing in us, but upon God's Covenant with Chrift, 
 whom he gave for a Covenant of the peofle, Ha. 49. 8 j 
 whom he layed in Zion for a foundation , a fure foundation^ 
 Ifa. 28. 16. The Covenant made with us, did fpring out of the 
 Covenant made with Chrifl ; and as 'tis commonly diftinguifhed, 
 the Covenant of reconciliation , whereby we are actually reco- 
 vered and reconciled unto God, is bottomed upon the Covenant 
 of Redemption ; or as others fpeak , the Covenant offuretijhip , 
 whereby the recovery, redemption and reftitution of fallen man, 
 was tranfa&ed betwixt God and Chrift. I fhall therefore fpeak 
 a little of the Covenant of Redemption , to make way for the 
 better underftanding of the whole Treatiie of the Covenant 
 of Graces and particularly what relates to Chrift the Mediator. 
 And, I', That there is a Covenant betwixt God and Chrift } 
 though the name of this myfterious tranfattion, which we call 
 the Covenant of Redemption and Suretifhip , be not found in 
 the Scripture , in fo many words (which may be among the 
 reaibns why moft Writers have been filent about the thing) *, 
 yet the thing it felf being fo evidently held 
 forth in the Scripture, that the Socinians who F ' Soclni ^ <*e Ser- 
 enervate and ftudy to make void the Suretilhip vac * * 2 ' ca ?' l6 ' 
 ©f Chrift, yet do not deny a Govenant wherein he is Surety 
 
 B or 
 
2 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. 1. 
 
 Sakmarfh of free- or -Mediator-, as they underftand his Sureti- 
 Gract. obf, 6. & fhip. And the Antinomians , who upon the 
 i 8 * a *r matter do own no Covenant of Grace pro- 
 
 Serm.t '" P erI Y fo calIed i made with us » Y et the Y 
 
 » J. ' , do acknowledg a Covenant betwixt God 
 
 5acerd? Chrift? and ^ nr ^- The Armenians alio acknowledg 
 p. 1 6, 17. the fame, though in a fenfe different from 
 
 Mr. Rntkerf. Treat, ours. The Scriptures (I lay) being fo very 
 oj thtcovinint.y.2. p re gnant in this proof, I fhall the more brief- 
 E. Bud Gofp. Co ly diipatch it, and refer the Reader to what 
 venanr, p. 29' k written of it by others, every way more fit 
 
 to open this myfterie, than I am. 
 The fir ft proof I take from I fa. 59. 20, 21, And the Redeemer 
 
 fiall come to Zion, and, unto them that turn from 
 &£a££ trtnfctfwninJacobJaitktheLordrAsforme, 
 c# - this is my Covenant with them faith the Lord ,&c. 
 
 Where we read of a Covenant betwixt the 
 Lord and the Redeemer, that was to come unto Zion, which 
 can be no other but the Covenant of Redemption. For clear- 
 ing of this , Confider 1 . That he to whom the Lord f peaks 
 there, muft be Chrift and no other •, For 1. Tis he only, whofe 
 feed have the Spirit and Word enfured unto them f, for the feed 
 of no Church-Society upon earth hath the Spirit and the 
 Ordinances appropriated and enfured unto them , only Chrift's 
 feed have the promife of the Spirit and the Word appropriated 
 and enfured unto them for ever, Gal. 3.29, And if ye be 
 Chrifis, then are ye Abrahams feed , and heirs according to the 
 fremife. And the Churches feed have this Promife and Cove- 
 nant only in fo far as they are Chrift's feed , I fa. 44. 3, I will 
 four my fpirit upon thy feed, and my bleffing upon thy off-fpring. 
 2. Becauie 'tis Chrift only, who hath in ftore the Spirit which 
 is given to all his feed '-, though all Chrift's feed receive of the 
 fame Spirit of the Lord, yet it cannot be faid of any of them, 
 nor of the Church in general, that their feed receive the Spirit 
 that is upon them, or in them * 7 to wit, by communication of 
 any part of the meafure and proportion given to them *, but of 
 Chrift's only, who received not the fpirit by meafure, Joh>$. $4. 
 Nor can it be faid, My fpirit that is upon thee fnall not de- 
 fart from thy feed, Gal* 4. 6. And becaufe ye are Sons, God hxth 
 
 fait 
 
Chap. L Of the Covenant of Redemption. % 
 
 fent forth the fair it of his Son into your hearts, crying Abba, father, 
 2. Let it be confidered, that this is not only a Covenant 
 made with Chrift ; but it muft needs be the Covenant of Re- 
 demption: For although, i. There be mention here made of 
 his feed , which are not Parties in the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion } yet nothing is iboken to them, but only to Chrift, and 
 of them, as a party not treated with, but about whom there 
 was treaty and Covenant 'twixt God and Chrift ; for ftiil the 
 ipeech is to Chrift in the fecond peribn , upon thee, thy feed, 
 and thy month, ckc* 2. Although there be here mention of a 
 Covenant with them that turn from ungodlineis in Jacob , and 
 of Promifes concerning the feed of Chrift *, yet that amounts 
 to no more, than that they are the fubjeft matter of the Co- 
 venant tranfacled betwixt God and Chrift ; and that the Cove- 
 nant with them fpringsout of the Covenant with him , and is 
 therefult and execution thereof. So that I take the meaning of 
 the words, This is my Covenant with them, my fair it that is upon 
 thee, &c to be, This is my Covenant that I have made with, 
 thee upon their account, and for their behoof, or the Cove- 
 nant that I have made with them , to wit , virtually, when I 
 covenanted with thee, and made promifes to thee for their be- 
 hoof :, the refult whereof, fhould amount unto a Covenant with 
 them actually* And I fay, it can be no other upon the matter 
 but the Covenant of Redemption : i. Becaufe 'tis made with 
 the Redeemer that fhould come out of Zion, or with Chrift as 
 defigned Mediator and Redeemer in the counfel of God, long 
 before he came in theFlefh. 2. Becaufe 'tis a Covenant about 
 the Redemption and recovery of theEleft people of God, who 
 are the only fubjeft matter treated about in this Covenant*, as 
 appears from the Text, v. 20, 21. 
 
 2. Proof, I take from PfaL 8y, where the Covenant made 
 with Chrift is held forth as the Original, Foundation and 
 Eftablifhment of the Covenant made with his feed ♦, and Chrift 
 is fpoke of under the name of David, with whom he changes 
 Barnes in the Scripture , and who was a type of Chrift in many 
 things, but eminently in the Covenant that God made with 
 him, and that he was a publick p&rfon , and a King by Co- 
 venant, v. 1, I have made a Covenant with my chofen. God 
 having chofe Chrift, for performing the work of Redemption, 
 
 B 2 * did 
 
4 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 did make a Covenant with him. Two things being cleared in 
 that Pfalm, it will amount to a full proof of the point in hand: 
 i. That the Covenant fpoken of there, is made with Chrift. 
 2. That it is the Covenant of Redemption that is here in- 
 tended. For the firft , that the perlbn fpoken of under the 
 name of David, and with whom the Covenant was made, is 
 Chrift and no other, is evident from leveral expreflions which 
 are peculiar to Chrift's Perlbn and Kingdom , and cannot be 
 applyed to David, further than he was a type of Chrift; This 
 David is the mighty one upon whom God laid the help of his 
 people, v. 19. Tis he upon whom the enemy fiallnotexaft,v. 22. 
 Tis he who is higher then the Kings of the earthy v. 27.. whole 
 feed endures for ever-, and his throne at the days of heaven , and 
 to all generations ; v. 4, 29, 36, 37. 'Tis he who is diftinguifhed 
 from his feed by this difference , that they may fin and be 
 chaftifed, v. go*, which cafe is not put of himfelf, but only of 
 his leed*, 'tis he, by the force and vertue of whole Covenant, 
 his finful feed are not caft out from Covenant-kindnels , 
 *« lb 44> 35- an d this could be no other but Chrift: And to 
 put the matter out of queftion , the Covenant and Promifes 
 made here, v. 27 , and in the parallel-Scripture , 2 Sam, 7. 14, 
 are applyed unto Chrift, Heb- 1. 5. 
 
 2. That this was the Covenant of Redemption, which God 
 faith he made with his chofen David, i. e. Chrift, may be ga- 
 thered alio from the Text, u It is the Covenant by which 
 Chrift is conftituted a Servant, and engaged in the Service of 
 the Lord about our Redemption , v. 4, / have made a Cove- 
 nam with my chofen, — David my fervant. 2. 'Tis the Cove- 
 nant by which the help of the People of God is laid on Chrift, 
 as a mighty, potent, refponfal perlbn, able for the work, v. 19, 
 I have laid help upon one that is mighty. 3. Tis the Covenant 
 by which Chrift is a King and a Prieft , and is defigned and 
 deftinated, called and feparated unto Offices for the work of 
 Redemption, v. 19,20, 26,27, / have exalted one chofen out of * 
 the people ,mth my oyl have lannointed him, &c. 4. 'Tis the Cove- 
 nant by which Chrift received commands to fulfil his offices , and 
 to depend upon God in the doing of the work, ^.27. He gallery 
 unto me, my Father, and my God, thou art the rock^ of my Salvation. 
 5. 'Tis the Covenant by which Chrift had peculiar promifes made 
 
 unto 
 
Chap.T . Of the Covenant of Redemption. 5 
 
 Unto him, of affiftance for the work of Redemption, and help t<r 
 the people of God, v. 21, Adine arm aljo flail flrengthen 
 him, &c. of glorious victory, v. 23,/ will beat down his foes, eke. 
 and exaltation, ^.27, I will make him my firflborn, higher than 
 the Kings of the earth. Of a feed and ofr-fpring to endure for 
 ever, v. 29, His feed alfo will I make to endure, &c. Now this 
 could be no other but the Covenant of Redemption *, for by no 
 Covenant is Chrift engaged in this Service , called unto thefe 
 Offices, undertaker of the Peoples help, receiver of fuch 
 commands and promifes,c£r. but by this Covenant of Suretifhip. 
 
 Objett. If it be faid, That here are many things ipoken 
 which relate to Chrift's feed , and which do belong to the 
 Covenant of reconciliation ; fuch as the keeping Covenant-kind- 
 nefs and mercy with Chrift's feed, &c. 
 
 AnfSNz are not to conceive of the Covenant of Redemption in 
 fuch an abftravtcd confideration and notion, as if the things tran- 
 fatted in that Covenant made with Chrift,had no relation to, nor 
 connexion with the Covenant made with us^but upon the contra- 
 ry , we are ftill to keep in mind the great affinity and connexion 
 that is between thefe two Covenants, and as the Apoftle reaibns 
 from the one to the other , 2 Cor. 6. 2, For he faith, I have 
 heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of falvation have 
 1 fnccouredthee. Where he looks upon what God laid to Chrift 
 " concerning us , and the hearing of him for us, as ipoken for 
 our encouragement, to apply to him in the improvement of the 
 day of Grace. Yet I fay of this Scripture * 9 1. Here is nothing 
 ipoken of Chrift's feed and people, as parties, with whom God 
 deals in this Covenant , and upon whom he layeth any com- 
 mands, nor to whom directly he maketh anypromiies, (except 
 what may be gathered confequenter & in obliquo) which things 
 muft needs be in the Covenant of reconciliation. 2. Whatfoever 
 is fpoken here concerning Chrift's feed and people, 'tis only of 
 the force of the Covenant made and fworn with Chrift, hav* 
 ing influence towards the eftabliffiment of friendfhip with them, 
 and toward their perfeverance in a Covenant-ftate :, becaufe 
 of God's tranfac"t ions with Chrift ', wherein they were compre- 
 hended, and by which they and their interefts were difpofed of. 
 
 The third Proof, I take from thefe Scriptures which hold 
 forth all the effentials and rcquifites for making up a formal 
 
 Cove-* 
 
6 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 Covenant, to be betwixt God and Chrift:, which Texts 
 though they ipeak not explicitly of the name of a Covenant \ 
 yet they do explicitly hold forth the thing. 
 
 TheArgumentinform is this : Where all things neceflarily 
 required unto the efTence and being of a Covenant for matter 
 and form, are to be found \ there muft needs be a Covenant. 
 But betwixt God and Chrift in the matter of our Redemption, 
 all things neceflary unto the efTence of a Covenant are to be 
 found : Therefore there muft needs be a Covenant betwixt God 
 and Chrift about the work of Redemption, which we call the 
 Covenant of Suretiflup or Redemption. The major is manifeft and 
 undeniable: -I come therefore to confirm the minor. Concern- 
 ing which, I fhall firft tell you what are the necefTary requi. 
 fites unto the efTence of a Covenant, and then give plain Scrip- 
 ture-proof that thefe were betwixt God and Chrift. 
 
 i . It is generally acknowledged by the Doctors of the Law, 
 
 that the agreement or confent of two or more Parties upon the 
 
 lame thing, maketh a Paction •, and that Pro- 
 
 tllpian deP»Ukit. pofals upon the one part, and a confent upon 
 
 L.Vatliim &L.i. the other , makes a formal Covenant, though 
 
 r"L **v" :,>„„. there were no condition or reftipulation. 
 Cic. 2. at nieit, T> -11 i i r ii 
 
 Panomit. 21. parte But more particularly and above all que- 
 fupsr. Primotit.de ftion, where there are Propofals, Commands, 
 Pacf. Cap. Ami- or Promifesupon the one part , with condi- 
 gomis. t - ons required upon the other, and a confent 
 
 Ait** infiit. Moral. unt0 5 or acceptation ot thele Propoials, with 
 p.^.bi. dePoIlicic. the conditions required upon the other part,. 
 C 1. & 1. 6. c. 3. or where there is a reftipulation of conditions 
 upon the other part , there muft needs be a 
 Contractor Covenant, not only materially and virtually , be- 
 caufe there is all the effentials of a Covenant *, but formally and 
 explicitly , becaufe there are all the formalities of explicite 
 Covenanting. 
 
 2. It is manifeft, that all thefe things are to be found betwixt 
 Jehovah and Chrift, concerning the work of Redemption. 
 1. There is a confent and agreement betwixt God and Chrift 
 about this very thing, which amounteth to a Paction, Zech.6. 1 g. 
 The Lord 1 peaking of that ineffable myfterious Oeconomy and 
 difpenlktion of thebufin-els of man's Redemption and Salvation, 
 
 as 
 
fte 
 
 Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. y 
 
 as the lame is tranfa&ed in thecounfelof God's Will *, biddeth 
 him tell us , that the counfel of peace fh all be 
 between them both- to wit, between the Lord Sec Pemble on 
 r tt n if i r • ./ Zech. 6. 12. & Jo. 
 
 of Hop, and the man whoje name is the cocc.di<fvML<i 
 Branch, v. 12 *, betwixt them was the bufineis seft. 88.' 
 plotted, confulted and concluded j to the fame 
 purpoie are thefe Scriptures that tell us of the agreement of 
 the Lord's Will , and Chrift's Will in this affair :, it was his 
 Father's Will to fend him, Joh. 6. 40, And this is the mil of him 
 that fent me, bxAAtt. $. 26, Vnto you firfl, God having raifed 
 up his Son Jefus, fent him, &c. and it was Chrift's Will to be 
 fent, Heb. 10. 9, Then [aid he, Lo,lcome to do thy will, Joh. 6. 38, 
 For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will , but the 
 will of him that fent me ', it was his Father's will that he fhouid 
 lay down his life, and it was his will alio, Rom.%. 32, He that 
 fpared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us alL Joh. 1 o. 18 , 
 No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of my felf : I have 
 power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This 
 Commandment have I received of my father ; it pleafed the Lord 
 to bruife him, If ai . 5$. 10. and it pleafed him to be bruifed, 
 Jfai. 50.6, I gave my back, to the fmiters, and my cheeks to them 
 that plucked off the hair : / hid not my face from pame and fpit- 
 ting. Still there was an agreement. 
 
 2. We find clear^yeftiges in the Scripture of Propofals made 
 by Jehovah unto Chrift, concerning his Will about the work of 
 our Redemption*, and of a confent and agreement upon Chrift's 
 part unto thefe Propofals ; whereby he declares his will to be 
 commenting to his Father's Will. The firft, to wit, Propofals 
 made by God to Chrift, we readPp/. 110. 1, The Lord [aid 
 unto my Lord , fit thou at my right hand , until I make thine 
 enemies thy footftool', and Pfal. 2. 7, 8, / will declare the decree, 
 the Lord hath [aid unto me , thou art my Son , this, day have I 
 begotten thee. Asl^of me and I will give thee , the heathen for 
 thine inheritance , and the uttermoft parts of the earth for thy 
 pojfeffwn. That thefe Scriptures contain Propolals, ismanifeft'-, 
 and that they are Propofals made by Jehovah to Chrift, ap- 
 pears by the Holy Ghofts afferting it, Aft. 1$. 33, Cod hath 
 confirmed the fame unto us their children, in that he hath raifed 
 up Jefus again, as it is alfo written in the fee on d Ejalm, Thou 
 
 trt 
 
8 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. Heb. i. 5, For unto 
 xvhxh of the Angels , [aid he at any time , Thou art my Son, 
 this day have I begotten thee. But all the difficulty is, to make 
 it appear, that thefe Propoials belong to the eternal tranfa&ion 
 and Covenant of Redemption. To this end 'tis to be obfer- 
 ved, 1. Th.it whatsoever is revealed in thefe Scriptures con- 
 cerning the things that were between God and Chrift, God 
 laid and propounded it unto Chrift long before his coming 
 in the flefh , and therefore it muft needs relate to iiich tranfa- 
 clions as were betwixt God sfii Chrift in the couniel of his 
 Will from all eternity. 2, Though the accomplishment of 
 thefe things be applved by the Holy Ghoft, unto the refurre- 
 <ftion of Chrift, All. 15. 33, and to the exaltation of him in 
 his humane nature, Heh. 1. 5-, that doth not make againftthe 
 transacting of them by an eternal Covenant, where firft thefe 
 Propoials were made*, but on the contrary, it doth ftreng- 
 then whit is here afferted *, becaufe the accomplifhment of 
 thefe things is declared to be that which God had revealed in 
 the old Teftament to have been faid long before by him to 
 Chrift. Therefore alio the lame Scripture is brought as an 
 evidence of Chrift's being confecrated by his Father unto the 
 offices which he did bear for the work of our Redemption, 
 Heh. 5. 5, So alfo Chrifl glorified not himfelf to be made an high 
 Priefl ; but he that faid unto him, thou art my Son, to dcy have 
 I begotten thee,&c. So that the declaration of the Sonfhip of 
 Chrift, this day I have begotten thee , is not to be underftood 
 of an hodie Atem'uatis , a day of eternity , and of the eternal 
 generation of the Son of God (as many of the Ancients, and 
 of the Schoolmen 'under (land it) and indeed, if it fhould be 
 yielded to be ipoken of an eternal Sonfhip, I fhould unci erftand 
 it of that eternal adoption and defignation of Chrift by his 
 own content in the counfel of God's Will , to a new Sonfhip 
 for the work of Redemption, whereby he voluntarily became 
 the Hi ft born of many brethren, and an obe 'ient Son even unto 
 death, Phil. 2. 8 r, and whereby he confented to take a new 
 Covenant-light unto God, as his Father, and his God by Cove- 
 nant, Heb. 1. jyr*-/ W// be to him a father, and he flail be to 
 me a fon. And we know it is not unufual in Scripture , to 
 ftiie adoption unto a iucceflion in office , by a Sonfhip and a 
 
 begetting* 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. f 
 
 begetting; therefore Salathiel is laid to be begotten by Jetho- 
 niah, Mat. i. 12, becaufe he fucceeded him in the King- 
 dom. But fince the Holy Ghoft applies it diftin&ly to 
 Chrift's refurreftion, All. 13. 33, and to the exaltation of 
 him in bis humane Nature, when he had humbled himfelf as 
 .an obedient Son unto the death of the Crofs, and having by 
 hirnfelf purged, our fins , fate down on the right hand of the 
 Majefty on high-. Neb. 1. 3, 4, 5. 'tis lafeft for us to hold clofe 
 to that meaning of the words , 77?^ day have I begotten 
 thee, which was the accomplifhment of that which God had 
 faid to Chrift long before, in the tranfatlion of the Covenant 
 of Redemption, when Chrift was fet up from everlafting , be- 
 fore his works of old) &c. Prov. 8. 22, 23. and when the De- 
 cree was patted , which was not declared till long after, 
 Pf z. 7. Now this day of Chrift's exaltation in his humane 
 Nature at his reiiirrettion , which was the fulfilling of what 
 God faid to him , when he was by eternal deftination 
 and decree, called and fet a part unto the work of Redemp- 
 tion, and unto the offices, which as Lord Mediator, he did 
 bear, is fitly called the day wherein he was begotten; upon 
 feveral accounts : 1. Becauie in this day he was declared 
 to be the Son of God, Rom. 1.4, And declared to be the Son 
 of God , with power , according to the fpirit of holinefs, by the 
 refurrettion from the dead, t« opt$ivT& J/« .06*. The Syriack^ 
 reads it , Qui cognitm eft *, the word fignifies, demonftrated, Chryfoft. Mam. 
 manifefted, or definej to bz the Son of God; as moft Learned f oc f^l*£ 
 men render it. Though Bellarmineh rendering of the word with & & c . 
 the vulgar Latine y for which he contends, would alio fit our 
 purpofe, who was predefttnated to be the Son of God', which 
 rauft be meant, of iuch a Sonfhip as he took upon him in time, 
 or rather of the execution of God's Decree, containing 
 his being manifefted in the flefh by the terms of the Cove- 
 nant of Suretiihip (if we read it predeftinated) and not of 
 his eternal generation; becauie as Efthins fays upon the place, 
 Predeftination does not relate unto that which was from eter- 
 nity, but to future things only. 2. Becaufe on this day of his 
 reiurreaion, there was in refpefi: of Chrift's humane nature, 
 a fecpnd entrance into life, the Grave being a fecond womb, See Dr. ft*»i 
 from which he came forth unto life (as his Mothers womb was m *d Anaot.' 
 the firft, from which he came forth unto life, inrefpe&of his on */■ 2 * 
 
 C humane 
 
TO Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. T. 
 
 humane nature^ i'o he was begotten, or brought forth in this 
 day, by a new birth out of the womb of the grave *, hence 
 the refurreftion is called Tra.\tyyiviifi&) renafcentia , a new or 
 See GtrJWfecond binh,Matth, 19.28. 3. Becaufe the day of ChrirVs 
 mm. h locum* refurre&ion, was the day of veiling, inaugurating and inflalling 
 him in his Regal Office and Authority in our nature s this is 
 the day whereof it's laid, Thou art my Son, this day have I be- 
 gotten thee 5 becaufe this was a Coronation-day, a day of exal- 
 tation oi him in his humane nature, and of constituting him, 
 and fetling him in his offices in a moft glorious manner, againft 
 all oppositions as the context of that Pfalm bears, v. 6, 7, 
 Yet have I fet my King Hpon my holy hill of Ston. I will declare 
 
 the decree* And Heb. 1. 3,4, 5, When he had by him/elf 
 
 purged our fins, fate down on the right hand of the Majefly on 
 high. Being made fo much better than the Angels , as he hath 
 by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they: For 
 nnto which of the Angels faid he at any time, Thou art my Son, 
 this day have I begotten thee. It was a cuftom among the Ro- 
 mans, that the Emperors had two Nat ales, or birth-days, 
 kept j the one was Natalis Imperatoris, the birth-day of the 
 Emperor, to commemorate his coming into the world. The 
 other was Natalis Imperii , the birth-day of the Empire , to 
 commemorate his advancement to the Imperial Dignity. The 
 feaft of commemorating the building of Rome, was called 
 Palilia *, and this title was by decree given of Cains the Em- 
 fueton mCalig. peror, his advancement to the Empire , Decretum eft ut dies 
 S ■& quo cepiffet imperium Palilia vocaretur. There is alfb mention 
 
 . made of anothers, Natalis adoptionis, the day of his adoption, 
 JdTnT **i* his civil birth-day, Kid. Aug. and then of Natalis Impe- 
 rii, the birth-day of his Empire, ///. id. Aug. And of Vefpa- 
 TmtusBiik Jlan his recorded, that Primta principatus dies in pofterumcele- 
 Kb. 2. 'bratus, the firft day of his Empire was celebrated after- 
 
 wards. 
 
 3. Tis to be obferved concerning the Propofals before- 
 mentioned, which I laid are made by Jehovah to Chrift, 
 that the Scriptures cited, do diftinguift betwixt the propound- 
 ing of thefe things which God faid to Chrift, and the pub- 
 lishing or promulgation thereof, Pfal. 2. 7, I will declare the 
 Br. Ftemtnoud decree ) or as as a late learned Annotator reads it, Iwilltellof* 
 decree or Covenant ', that is, I will f>ubli(h and manifeft that 
 
 which 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 1 1 
 
 which was fometime a great fecret, kept betwixt God and 
 Chrift; but now is declared and opened up, Pfal.x^. 14, The 
 fecret of the Lord is with them that fear him , and he will foew 
 them his Covenant. Col. 1.26, Even the myflerie which hath 
 been hidden from- ages and generations 3 but now is made manifeft 
 to his Saints. And what is the fecret that is now declared 
 plainly ? even that which follows : The Lord faid unto me, 
 thou art my Son — aik^ofme,&tc. i.e. God laid to Chrift, or 
 made this Propoial to him, thou art the only fit petfon for 
 undertaking this work of Man's Redemption, and I deftinate 
 and appoint thee for it : Now therefore ask , and have the 
 nobleft rewards that can be devifed, only do the work. I 
 fay then , here is but a declaration of that which was laid 
 and done, concluded and traniacled by Propofals 'twrxt God 
 and Chrift in his Decrees, and the Couniel of his Will. 
 
 4. 'Tis obfervable that the Hebrew word here ufed and tran- vid. Tap fa 
 flated Decree , pn Chokj, comcth from a root that fignifies Vhcjfarum fa 
 originally, fcribere, de fcribere, ftatuere, to write, engrave, ira-? 4 ^PjPH c "*- 
 dain, anoint, &c. and ib proportionably is the Noun fignifying forcher "^" 
 many things^ not only a Law, Statute, and Ordinance ; but^. in voce 
 alio a Patt or Covenant ; a writing fubferibed with the parties pn cbo\. 
 hands, &c. And in this place it's rendered a Covenant by the Vid. Bibl.Poly- 
 ChaldeeParaphraft. Recitabo Patt urn, the LXX here render it^ /flf ' in locm * 
 irtQrctyjjuL, an Order and Agreement ; and (b moft of the ancient 
 Interpreters following the Targnm, render it God's Statute, Buxtorf.imV. 
 his Patt or Covenant-, and 'tis obferved by a great Hebrean,^- ¥lalmH ^ m 
 that this word among the Talmudifls is often put for the qua-P* 8l8a 
 lity, condition, or nature of any thing ; and if lb, here 'tis 
 the nature, quality and condition of God's decretal Covenant 
 with Chrift. But further , befides the affinity that is among 
 thefe notions 0$ Statute, Decree, Agreement, Patt, Cove- 
 nantee, the word pn that is here ufed, is in the Scripture 
 fometimes promifcuoufly or fynonimoufly ufed with the word 
 n H3 — that is uiually rendered Covenant. Compare Jer . \ 1 . 
 35, 36. wither. \\. 20, &c In both which places God's Or- 
 dinance and Covenant with the day and night isfpoken of, to 
 illuftrate the liability of his Covenant with his people in 
 Chrift, and there you will find the words pn and nH3 
 Statute or Ordinance and Covenant, promiicuoufly ui'ed ', and 
 the fame thing which is called God's Ordinance of the day and 
 
 C 2 night, 
 
12 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 nighr, or of the Sun and Moon, Jer. 31. 35, 36. is called his 
 Covenant with the day, and his Covenant with the night, 
 Jer. 3 3. 20 ; the meaning of both we are to gather from 
 tvLBibU ?oly-6*»- 1. 16. &S.22. &y. 11, 12, 1 3. the Chaldee Paraph, in 
 :/§*.-*! (mm*, both theie places renders the different Hebrew words Pattum 
 & Prffikr, Paction or Covenant-, and the Syriack^ renders both 
 the words admini fir at tones, a word comprehenfive of both theie 
 notions of God's Oeconomy and difpenfations. 
 
 Befides the Scriptures before-mentioned, we read alfo of God's 
 Propofalsto Chrift, concerning the work of man's Redemption, 
 If a. 42. 6, 7, I the Lord have called thee in Right eon] ne fs , and 
 will hold thine hand, and will keep thee , and give thee for a Cove- 
 nant of the people for a light of the Gentiles. To open the eyes 
 oj the blind , to bring out the prifoners from the prifon , and 
 them that fit in darknefs out of the prifon-honfe . And 49. 5, 6, 
 And now faith the Lord that formed me from the womb to be 
 his fervant, to bring Jacob again to him j though Ifrael be not 
 gathered, yet Jhall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my 
 God jhall be myftrength. And he faid, it is a light thing that 
 thou Jhouldfl be my fervant, to raife up the tribes of Jacob, and 
 to reftore the preferved of Ifrael. I will alfo give thee for a 
 light to the Gentiles, that thou may ft be my falvation to the ends 
 of the earth, &c. which things no man can reaibnably doubt 
 to be fpoken by Jehovah to Chrift, and to contain Propofals 
 concerning the Redemption and Salvation of his ele& 
 people. 
 
 2. Let us in the next place confrder , where we find Scrip- 
 ture proof for Chrift's conlent unto thefe Propofals , made 
 by Jehovah to him, which amounteth to a Covenant ? We find 
 Chrift's conlent and agreement, and that before the beginning 
 of the world) unto the Propofals made to him by Jehovah-con* 
 cerning this work of Redemption , and the office which he 
 was called unto for that erred!:, clearly infinuated , Prov.S* 
 22, 23, 24, The Lord poffeffed me in the beginning of his way 9 
 before his works of old. I was fet up from ever la fling from the 
 beginning, before ever the earth was. When there were no depths 
 I was brought forth, when there were no fountains abounding with 
 
 water. 30. 31, Then I was by him as one brought up with him, 
 
 and I was daily his delight , rejoycing always before him. Re* 
 joycing in the habitable part of his earth , and my. delights were 
 
 with 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 13 
 
 withthe Sonsof men. Where we find the fubftantial , eternal 
 wifdom of God, Jefus Chrift declaring fiich a plenary volun- 
 tary chearlul conient to undertake the work of our Redemp- 
 tion, that when he was in the Counfel of God let up and 
 defigned unto the office and glory of the Lord Mediator and 
 Redeemer*, he took pleaiure and iatisfa&ion before-hand, not 
 only in his people not yet created, above all the works of his 
 hand, who were to be the fatisfying fight that fhould be given 
 him for the travel of his Soul fas the Lord faith, I fa. 53. li .)\ 
 but he took pleaiure alio in theie parts which they were to 
 inhabit, in every bit of ground that was to be the bounds of their 
 hakitation'm the times appointed, AEb. 17. 26. 
 
 But yet more explicitely, read his conient to the Propofals 
 made by Jehovah to his Son Chrift, Pfal.^o. 6,7,8, Sacrifice 
 and offering thou didft not defire, mine ears haft thou opened \ burnt 
 offering and fin offering haft thou not required. Then faid I, 
 Lo J come ; in the volume of the book^ it is written of me, I delight 
 to do thy will O my God *, yea-, thy law is within my heart. With 
 Heb. 10. 5, 6, 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world , he 
 faith ^ facrifce and offering thou wouldft not., but a body haft 
 thou prepared me. In burnt offerings and facrifices for 'fin ', thou 
 haft had no pleafure. Then faid I, lo I come •, in the volume of the 
 boook^it is written of me, to do thy will-) O God. Concerning 
 theie Scriptures, let us obferve ibme things for clearing the 
 point in hand *, to wit, Chrift's confent and agreement unto 
 Propofals made to him by Jehovah. And 1 . It is manifeft that 
 the words are ChrilVs words*, for the Apoftle makes Chrift, 
 not David to be thefpeaker here, Heb. 10. 5, Wherefore when 
 he cometh into the world, he faith, i.e. Chrift faith; for it is of 
 Chrift's facrifice, and his offering himfelf that the Apoftle hath 
 been fpeaking. 2. Tis as manifeft that Chrift fpeaketh theie 
 words to God, to Jehovah • therefore he faith, Pfal. 40. 8, and 
 Heb. 10. 7. 9, 6W,and O-my God. 3. The words prefiippofe 
 fomething fpoken and propounded by God to Chrift, unto 
 which theie words are ananiwer : there are four words in the 
 Text which carry this plainly, that there was fomething that 
 he, *'. e. Jehovah de fired and required as a pleafing fatisia&ion to 
 him, above all typical Sacrifices, fomething which Chrift calls 
 his fathers will and his command,^ will,0 God ; thy law, O God, 
 to which he gave an aniwer, then I faid, &c. 4. That the 
 
 thing; 
 
14 Of the Covenant of Redemption* Chap, h 
 
 thing concerning which he makes anfwer to God here, was 
 upon the matter, i. Some Propofal, for the performance 
 whereof, God had prepared and fitted him, by his Incarnation 
 and afiurning our nature :, A body thou haft prepared me or 
 fitted me ; and by his taking on a will that might bow to the 
 will of God, Mine ears thou haft opened. 2. 'Tis an anfwer 
 to the Propofal of a bufinefs unto which Chriit was called, 
 which was the fathers will and command to him, to do thy will 
 and thy law, O God. $ . 'Tis an anfwer and return to God con- 
 cerning fomething that was concluded and agreed betwixt God 
 and Chriit before-hand ; and therefore is faid to be written m 
 the volume of thy book. 4. 'Tis fomething, which however it 
 was contracted and recorded before - 7 yet was not to be fulfilled 
 until the due time, when he cometh into the world , not till the 
 time of his Incarnation. 5. 'Tis fomething that divine Juftice 
 required for a iatisfattion , and which no Sacrifices could a- 
 mount unto •, which is held forth in the oppofition of this 
 command to the negation of all iatisfa&ion by other Sacrifices. 
 Sacrifice thou haft not required, but, &c. and this was no other 
 but the obedience of his own Son, and the giving his Soul an 
 offering and Sacrifice for fin to iatisfie the Juftice of God , 
 If*. 5 1. 10, Tet it pleafed the Lord to bruife him, he hath put 
 him to griefs when thou fialt make his foul an offering for fin, 
 he fhall fee his feed, he Jhall prolong his days, xmd the pleafure 
 of the Lord jhall profper in his hands. 
 
 5. Confider the aniwer that Chriit gives here,how it amounts 
 unto a plenary confent and agreement unto the will and pro- 
 pofal of his father unto him, which is a Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion or Suretifhip, i. e. that he will undertake and do the work 
 of our Redemption, according to his fathers will. 
 
 1. I fay Chrift's anfwer bears a confent, a willing confent, 
 Lo I come ; Chrift fids himfelf before God in readinefs to do 
 his-»Father'swill, to be our Surety and Saviour, 'tis an expref- 
 fion not unlike t hefe of Ifaiah and Samuel, whereby they ex- 
 prefTed their free confent and readinefs to obey the call of God, 
 J fa. 6.8, Then faid I, here am I, fend me ; in the Original it is 
 behold me, or lo me-, whichisequivolentto Lo I come; orlfift 
 my felf ready to obey thy command, to do thy will, to run 
 thy errand, j Sam. 3. 10, SpeakLord, for thy fervant heareth, 
 * e. doth fill himfelf ready to obey. 
 
 2. Chrift's 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 1 5 
 
 2. Chrift's anfwer bears a fubmiflive humble content, Mine 
 ear haft thou opened, or bored: there feemsto be an allufionto 
 a Ceremony that was ufed toward the Servant that would 
 not have his liberty, but loved his Matter lb, that he would 
 not go out free from his Service, when he might according to 
 Law, in the feventhyear: whereof fee Dent. 15. 12, to 17. & 
 Exod. 21. 6. So the opening or boring of the ear is, not only 
 a fign of hearkening and obedience, as thePhrafe is ufed con- 
 cerning Chrift, Ifa. 50. 5, The Lord God hath opened mine ear, 
 and I was not rebellion neither turned away back^ But it notes 
 alio his taking on the form of a Servant, fuch as had their 
 ears bored, in token of their fubmiffion to ferve when they % 
 might have been free. In place of this Phrale, the Apoftle fays, 
 A body thou haft prepared me : giving a perlpicuous interpre- 
 tation of the opening of the ear, that it related to Ghrift's 
 Incarnation, and the principal end thereof , which was that he 
 might be found in the form of a Servant, to obey and do the 
 will of his father, as one who by his own confent was nailed 
 and pinned to his Service in the work of Redemption, 
 ThiL 2. 7,8, But made himfelf of no reputation , and todk^upon 
 him the form of a fervant, and was made in the likenefs of men. 
 And being found in fafhion as a man , he humbled himfelf and 
 became obedient unto death , even the death of the Crofs. 
 
 3. Chrift's aniwer bears a content given in contemplation 
 of a fatisfa&ion to divine Juftice -, and therefore he mentions 
 the Law of God, and the things that God required, and offers 
 himfelf to undergo thefe •, for this he did propofe to himfelf, 
 that offended divine Juftice might have an honourable fatisfa- 
 ftion , and that the Law might have obedience in him, 
 Gal. 4.4, 5, But when the fulnefs of the time was come, God 
 fent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law : To 
 redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive 
 the Adoption of fons. Zech. 1 3. 7, Awake, O fword,againftmy 
 jhepherd, and again ft the man that is my fellow, faith the Lord 
 of hofts, fmite the flupherd. Gal. $. 13, Chrift hath redeemed 
 us from the curfe of the Law, being made a curfe for w- 
 
 4, Chrift's aniwer bears a compleat and plenary corifent, . 
 which is every way apted unto the Propofals made to him : 
 for he offers himfelf to fulfil the Z^w (to which he voluntarily 
 fubje&ed himfelf) in the exact rigour thereof 7 in every thing 
 
 that 
 
1 6 Of the Covenant of Redemption* Chap. L 
 
 that is written in the booh^of the law y Gal. .$. 10. he offers him- 
 f elf to perform the utmoft degree of obedience to the Will of 
 God, to do thy, willy O God; yea, to do not only according 
 to what -is written in the book of the Law, but according 
 to the indenture and contract betwixt God and him, to which 
 Iunderftand the vohtme of the bookjieve mentioned, chiefly to 
 relate ^ ibppofing the agreement betwixt God and Chrift about 
 the work of man's Redemption, and all his undertakings to be 
 written as it were in a Book or Roll, in thatienfe that the 
 Scripture fpeaks of a book of life, and the Lambs book of life, 
 and the writings therein, Rev. 13.8. & 15.8. & 2 1.27. 
 
 5. Chrift's anfwerbearsa chearful conient to the Propofals 
 made by God to him, / delight to do thy willy God, and thy 
 law is within my heart , becauie his heart was to the bufineis, 
 and a defign ol love acted him all along his undertaking and 
 performing the work of our Redemption, Joh. 1 3. i, having 
 loved his own \ therefore he took plealiire in the work *, there- 
 fore it was his delight, Prov.S. 51, Re joy ring in the habitable 
 part of his earth, and my delights were with the fons of men. 
 Luk.22. 15, And he J aid unto them, with defire I have de fired 
 to eat this pajfeover with yon before I fnffer. I conclude then, 
 that this conient upon Chrift's part to his Father's Propofals, 
 makes a Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Chrift. 
 
 $. Befide the former two , which according to the opinion 
 of Jarifls amount to a Fattion , and a Contrail, or virtual 
 Covenant , and I think .alio to a formal explicite Covenant ; 
 there is alfo veftiges to be found betwixt God and Chrift of all 
 things required unto explicite formal Covenanting. 
 
 Let us therefore enquire a little, 1. What are the requifites 
 of formal explicite Covenanting. 2. What veftiges of thefe are 
 to be found betwixt Jehovah and Chrift. 
 
 1. The peculiar propriety of formal explicite Covenanting, 
 ftands in ftipulation and reftipulation, in Conditional Propo- 
 fals, commands, tenders, orpromifes upon the one part*, and 
 the accepting , contenting , or performing of conditions re- 
 quired, upon the other part : When the Propofals of what- 
 soever quality and kind they be, are exprefly conditional, and 
 the conditions propounded and required, are exprefly accepted 
 and agreed unto, there is a formal explicite Covenant, even 
 in the molt ftricl: and rigorous acceptation of the word Cove- 
 nant. 
 
Chap. I. Of thaCovenant of Redemption* T 7 
 
 nant. Hence the Jurifts confine mutual contra&s and explicate Siil0 ^ jkJtitU 
 Covenant?, within the cornpafs of thefe few words, Dontdes,& Jure lib. 6. 
 
 r • r > j r • r ■ Uj Qufft.2. Art. I. 
 
 facto Ht facias , do nt facias-, facto nt aes. > Q ^ ^ j Hm 
 
 2. That there be clear footfteps of iiich dealing and Tranfa- . .^; ^ voc e^ 
 ttions betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, may appear from theie^. 
 inflances •, all which evince ftipulation and jreftipulation •, Con- 
 ditions upon the one part and upon the other ; Conditions given 
 and taken. 
 
 1 . Betwixt Jehovah and Chrift there are Commands with Pro- 
 mifes, holding forth what was the Will of God to Chrift, in 
 the matter of man's Redemption; and what he (hould expecl: 
 from his Father for doing that work, and obeying his WiH, 
 J oh. 6, 39,40, This is the fathers willy — and this is the will of 
 him that fern me. Zech. 6. 12, 13, — Behold the man whofe name 
 is the Branched he fhall grow up out of his place, and he fhall build 
 the temple of the Lord — and the counfel of peace fhall be between 
 them both. Mich. 5.4,5, And he fhall ft and and feed in the ftrength 
 of the Lord> in the majefty of the name of the Lord his God , and 
 they fhall abide, for now fliall he be great unto the ends of the 
 earth. And this man fhall be the peace when the Affyrian fljall 
 come into our land. Ifa.42, 1,2, $,4. — He flmll bring forth 
 Judgment to the Gentiles. He fliall not cry, nor lift up, nor caufe 
 his voice to be heard in the ftreet. A bruifed reed f hall he not 
 breaks and the fmoakjng flax fliall he not quench ; he flja 11 bring 
 forth Judgment unto truth. And if a command with a threat- 
 ning annexed , which had a promife in it implicitely, did a- 
 mountto a Covenant in God's dealing with man in his inte- 
 grity, by a Covenant of works (as is acknowledged by all 
 Divines)*, Gen. 2. 17, But of the tree of the knowledg of good 
 and evil, thou fl) alt not eat of it : for in the day that thou e ate ft 
 thereof, thou fljalt fur ely die : Sure, commands with explicite 
 promiies, fuchas are betwixt God and Chrift, do amount to a 
 Covenant. 
 
 2. Betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, there are Promifes with Con- 
 ditions ', I fay Promiies with Conditions (not abfolute promiies) 
 read I fa. 53. 10, 11, 12, — When -thou fhalt make his foul an 
 offering for fin, he fhall fee his feed, he fhall prolong his days, 
 and the pleafure cf the Lord fhall prof per in his hand: He fliall 
 fee of the travel of his foul, and fliall be feitisfitd. By his know- 
 
 D ledg 
 
1 8 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. L 
 
 ledg flail my righteous fervant juftipe many , for he jhall bear 
 their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the 
 great, and he flail divide the fpoil with the flrong , becaufe he 
 hath poured out his foul unto death , and he was numbred with 
 the tranfgreffors , and he bare the fin of many <> and made inter- 
 teffwnfor the tranfgreffors- Now Promifes with Conditions,are 
 promifes with re-promiflions, or conditions upon the one part, 
 and upon the other ; this is a declaration of what God will 
 do , and what he doth require,, which is a formal Covenant , 
 and is plainly reducible to that which the Jurifts call Do ut fa- 
 cias, facio utdeSy&c. 
 
 3. There is betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, not only Commands 
 with Promifes annexed, and Promifes with Conditions annexed ^ 
 but which is yet more, Conditions with confent, a formal con- 
 sent and voluntary yielding unto the Propofals which were 
 made unto him by Jehovah ; and this is without queftion, a 
 formal explicite Covenant, confiding of ftipulation and refti- 
 pulation, propounding and ani we ring, or accepting, demand- 
 ing, and yielding or confenting : he receives a command from 
 his Father to lay down his life , and he willingly confents, 
 Joh. IO. 18, No mantakethit from me, but I lay it down of my 
 felf'j I have power to lay it down , and I have power to take it 
 again. This commandment have I received of my father. His 
 Father propounds his Will to him, and makes offer of fair con- 
 ditions, and he accepts, lfa.*\. \o,—-When thou flait make his 
 foul an offering for (in , he flail fee his feed , he flail prolong 
 his days , and the pleafure of the Lord flail profper in his hand. 
 Heb. 10.5,7, Wherefore when he comethinto the world, he faith, 
 facrifice and offering thou wouldefl not, but a body haft thou pre- 
 pared me. Then J aid J, Lo I come, in the volume of the book, 
 it is written of me y to do thy will, God. Here is a formal ex- 
 plicite Covenant. 
 
 4. There is betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, Confenting with 
 Performing *, not only a mutual agreement upon the things to be 
 done by Chrift, and to be done to Chrift ; but a real perfor- 
 mance of the mutual conditions agreed upon betwixt them : 
 and this is more than a confummate Covenant, this is the ful- 
 filling of an explicite Covenant, and the acknowledgment of 
 both parties, that it was mutually covenanted, and that the 
 conditions were obferved, and were performed on both fides: 
 
 Joh. 
 
Chap. L Of the Covenant of Redemption. * 9 
 
 Joh. 17. 4, / have finijhed the work^whichthou gave ft me to do> 
 faith Chrift : and his Father iaith , I fa. 42. I, Behold 
 my fervant whom I uphold, mine eleft in whom my foul delight eth, 
 I have put my fpirit upon him, and he jhall bring forth Judg* 
 ment to the Gennlss, Phil. 2. 8, y, And being found in fajhion 
 as a man, he humbled himfelf, and became obedient unto death, 
 tven the death of the Crofs. Wherefore God alfo hath highly 
 exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name. 
 There is a reciprocation of Covenant-performances. 
 
 5. There is betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, asking and giving: 
 the Father asketh a fatisfatlion to his Juftice for the fins of all 
 the Elect , If a. 5$. 10, It pleafed the Lord to bruife him, he 
 hath put him to grief: and the fatisfaction which his Father 
 asked, was, that he fhould make his foul an offering for fin : 
 and Chrift yieldeth and giveth the fatisfac~tion which was 
 asked, Pfal. 4.0. 6, Lolcome, faith he, to do thy will. Iia. 5 3-S* 
 But he was wounded for our tranfgrejfions, and he was bruifed 
 for our iniquities: the chafiifement of our peace was upon him^ and 
 with his ft ripe s we are healed. 
 
 Again, Chrift asketh of his Father a reward and fatisfaclion 
 for the travel of his Soul in that great work of our Redemp- 
 tion and Salvation : And his Father gives it him according to 
 the encouraging : Propofals , whereby he had invited him to 
 the undertaking fo great a work, Pfal, 2.8, Ask^ofme, a?id 
 I Jhall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the utter- 
 mo ft parts of the earth for thy pojfejfion. Iia . 55. 11, He jhall 
 fee of the travel of his foul, andfljall be fatisped. Joh. 17.4, 5, 
 / have glorified thee on earth, I have finijhed the workjwhich thou 
 gaveftmeto do : And now^O father, glorifie thou me with thine 
 own felf, with the glory which I had with thee before the 
 world was. This kind of asking and giving on both fides , 
 amounteth to a formal explicite Covenant : here is emptio & 
 venditio, which is a Covenant ftrictly fo called. 
 
 6. There is betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, wo rJ^ and wages : 
 there is working propounded upon the one part, and under' 
 taken upon the other :, and a reward promifed upon the one 
 part, and expected upon the other ; craved upon the one part, 
 and payed upon the other ^ and this is a formal Covenant itri«flly 
 fo taken, Ad fimilitudinem contractu inter operarium & locato- 
 rem operis~— inter her urn & fervum, not unlike the manner of 
 
 D 2 Cove- 
 
20 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 Covenants betwixt the work-man and work-mafter , betwixt 
 the Servant and his Lord. Here is indeed, do ut faoias, facio 
 Mt des y I give this upon condition you do that, and I do this 
 upon condition you give that. 
 
 I lay, there was working and rewarding 'twixt God and 
 Chrift, and that by no neceflity of nature, but by a voluntary 
 compaft ', his work and reward are both propounded to him, 
 Ifa. 53. 1 1, 12, He fljall fee of the travel of his foul, and Jh all 
 be fatisfied : by his knowledg jhall my righteous fervant jaslifie 
 many •, for he Jhall bear their iniquity. 'Therefore will J divide 
 him a prt ion with the great , and he jliall divide the jf oil with 
 the ftrong, becaufe he hath poured out his foul unto death , and 
 he was numbred with the tranfgrejfours, and he bare the fin of 
 many, and made intercejfionfor the tranfgrejfours. And 49. 3,6, 
 And faid unto me. Thou art my fervant , O Ifrael, in whom I 
 will be glorified. And he faid, it is a light thing that thou 
 ftiouldft be my fervant to raife up the tribes of Jacob , and to 
 reftore the preferved of Ifrael : I will alfo give thee for a light 
 to the Gentiles, that thoumaift be my falvation unto the end of the 
 earth. And agreed unto by him, Joh. 10. 17, Therefore doth my 
 father love me, becaufe I lay down my life, that I might take it 
 again. Heb. 10.7, Then faid I, lol come, in the volume of the 
 booh^ it is written of me, to do thy will, O God. Therefore we 
 find upon the one part and the other , God promifing a re- 
 ward, and Chrift expefting it : Ifa.<$$. 12, Therefore I wilt 
 divide him a portion with the great, with Ifa. 49.4, Surely my 
 judgment is with the Lord , and my work^with my God. Again, 
 we find God propofing the reward for Chrift's encouragement 
 in fo hard a work , and Chrift eying the reward under alf 
 difcouragements, Pfal. no. 7, He jliall drinks of the brooks in 
 the way, therefore jhall he lift up the head; with Heb. 12.2, 
 Looking unto Jefui the Author and finijher of our faith , who 
 for the \oy that was fet before him, endured the Crofs , defpifng 
 the jhame, and is fet down at the right hand of the throne of 
 God. We find alio Chrift craving his reward, and challenge 
 ing it as due to him, Joh* 1^.4) / have glorified thee on earth, 
 I have pmjhedthe work^ which thou gave ft me to do. And his Fa- 
 ther paving the promife^ reward, Phil. 2. 8, y, Wherefore God 
 Alfo hath highly exalted hi*n, &c. 
 
 The fourth Proof of a Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Chrift; 
 
 V 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 21 
 
 I take from trie Offices, Jmployments, Trufts , Powers , Autho- 
 rities, and Relations, which Chrift did bear, and wherewith he 
 was vefted for doing the work of his peoples Redemption : 
 All and every of thele prove ftrongly an eternal Covenant and 
 Compart betwixt Jehovah and Chrift : I put thefe together , 
 that the proofs may be more ponderous than numerous *, I fhall 
 therefore, i. Reckon up fome particulars that fall under this 
 head, each whereof might afford a particular proof, and then 
 draw an argument from them. 
 
 i. His Offices and Employments ; Chrift is Lord Mediator 
 of the New Covenant, Heb. 8. 6, & o. 1 5. He is Lord Ambaffa- 
 dor and Meffenger of the Covenant, Mai. 5.1. He is the Lord's 
 Shepherd and his Servant in the work of Redemption,-^/?. 1 3 .7. 
 Ifa.4.2. 1. Not by nature, but by condefcenfion and agreement, 
 to be in thefe employments. Chrift Mediator is a King, not by 
 nature but by Covenant and Agreement, he receives a difpen- 
 fatory Kingdom, Pfal. 2. 6, Yet have J fet my king upon my holy 
 hill Z ion. Aft. 2. l<$, God hath made the fame Jefpu both Lord 
 and Chrift. Heb. 1 . 2, — whom he hath appointed heir of all 
 things, by whom alfo he made the worlds. Pfal. 8 p. 27, Alfo I 
 will make him my ftrft born , higher than the kings of the earth. 
 Chrift is a Prophet and a Teacher of his people, not by nature 
 but by appointment, Act. $.22, ForMofes truly faid unto the 
 Fathers, a Prophet JIm 11 the Lord your God raife up unto you of 
 your brethren like unto me, him flail ye hear in all things what- 
 fbever he fhall fay unto you. If a. 55.4*7 Behold, I have given him 
 for a witneft to the people. Chrift is a Prieft not by nature, but 
 by divine appointment, and that in the way of agreement and 
 content , Heb. 5.4, 5, 6, And no man taketh this honour unto 
 himfelf, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So. alfo Chrift 
 glorified not himfelf to be made an high prieft * 9 but he that f aid unto, 
 him, IhonartmySon, today have I begotten thee. As he faith 1 
 alfo in another place^ 'Thou a? t a prieft for ever after the or den 
 of Meuhifedec. And 7. 21, — The Lord (ware and will not 
 repent, thou art a Prieft for ever , after the order of Mel- 
 chifedec. 
 
 2. The like I fay of the Trufts, Powers, and Authorities, 
 that Chrift Mediator had, concerning the work of his peoples 
 Redemption \ how came his name to be in our bond, and he to 
 take upon him to perform the condition of the Covenantor 
 
 worKs?. 
 
22 Of the Coven&nt of Redemption. Chap, 7. 
 
 -works ? how came he to be under the Law, and to fulfil the 
 Law ? Sure it was not by nature ,nor by any neceflity of nature - 7 
 but by divine appointment, and by his own voluntary yielding 
 to it, which is Compact '■, fo Jefm was made fur ety,Heb. 7. 22 ' v 
 and made under the law, Gal. 4. 4 *, how came he to have the dif- 
 pofing of the eternal interefts of all men ? Sure he had this 
 truft and authority by agreement with his Father, who laid it 
 upon him, and he freely received it, Job. 5. 22, for the Father 
 judgeth no man fait hath committed all \udgment to the Son : ck 17. 2, 
 As thou haft given him power over all fiejh, that he frould give eter- 
 nal life to as many as thou haft given him. How came the keys of 
 the houle of David, to lye upon his fhoulder ? the great truft 
 and management of all affairs relating to his Church and Peo- 
 ple ? undoubtedly this was by Compact with Jehovah, who 
 laid this truft upon him , I fa. 22. 2 1, 24, And the key of the 
 houfe of David will I lay upon his froulder , fo he frail open and 
 none frail frut, and he frail frut and none frail open. And I will 
 faften him. as a nail in a fur e place, and he frail be for a glorious 
 throne to his fathers houfe. And they frail hang Upon him all the 
 glory of his houfe, the offspring and the iff He, all veffels of fmall 
 quantity, from the veffels of cups, even to all the veffels of flagons. 
 Rev. 1 . 7. — He that hath the key of David, he that openeth and no 
 man frutteth, andfrutteth and no man openeth. 
 
 $. I affirm the lame alio of Chrift's Covenant-relations to 
 God and to his people : Though God the Father was the Father 
 of our Lord JefusChrift by eternal generation, and he is the 
 natural Son of God *, yet who can declare how God is the God 
 and Father of our Lord Je fns Chrift, but by Covenant? 
 1 Pet. 1. 5, God foretold this Covenant-Intereft of Chrift's, 
 Pial.89.26, He frail cry unto me, thou art my Father, my God? 
 andtherock^of my Salvation - ? with Hcb. 1. 5, For unto which 
 of the Angels faid he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have 
 I begotten thee. And again, I will be to him a Father, and he 
 flmltbe to me a Son. And Chrift frequently owns that Covenant- 
 compellation , Mat. 27. 46, My God , my God , why haft thou 
 forfakjn me. Rev. 3.12, Him that overcometh will I make a pillar 
 in the temple of my God, and he frail go no more out , and 1 will 
 write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the City of 
 my God, which is new Jerufalem, which cometh down out of hea- 
 ven from my God , and I will write upon him my new name. 
 
 Joh. 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption* 23 
 
 Joh. 20. 17, fifta faith unto her, touch me not, for J am not yet 
 afcended to my Father *, but go to my brethren and fay to them y 
 J afcend unto my Father and your Father , and to my God 
 and your God, 
 
 From all which I draw but this one Argument *, Chrift who 
 did bear all thefe offices, employments , trufts and relations, 
 for the work of our Redemption,, he had all thefe things (I fay^) 
 either by fome neceflity that could not ftand with his own free 
 confent ^ or elfe he did bear thefe offices, employments,, trufts 
 and relations by his own willing confent, and they were of his 
 own voluntary taking up. Now 'tis fure he was not Media- 
 tor, nor Surety, nor MeiTenger of the Covenant, norafervant 
 in that affair, by any neceflity that was repugnant to his own 
 free confent. I fay no neceflity that was repugnant to his own 
 free confent; becaufe there was, 1. Some kind of neceflity that 
 Chrift fhould travel in this work, in regard of the Decree of 
 God, and Divine Predetermination, that a fatisfa&ion fhould be 
 made unto his Juftice, and that man ftiould not be laved with- 
 out this fatisfa&ion interveening ^ which- decree is in order of 
 nature, and in that kind of priority, that is in our way of con- 
 ceiving of God's eternal decrees, antecedaneous to God's Co- 
 venant with Chrift : Therefore the Scripture giveth us ground 
 to fay, that God flrft chofe Chrift to this work of Redemp- 
 tion, and then made a Covenant with him, PfaLSg. $, I have 
 made a Covenant with my chofen. 2 . We find that Chrift having 
 taken upon him thefe offices, trufts, employments, &c before- 
 mentioned, was under a blefled , holy neceflity, to fulfil the 
 things belonging to his offices and trufts *, and therefore the 
 Scripture faith, it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, 
 Heb. 2. 17. and it behove dChrifl to fuffer, Luk. 24. 46. and he 
 mufl needs go thorow Samaria, joh. 4. 4. J mufi workjhe workl of 
 him that fent me, Joh. 9- 4. But neither of thefe neceflities was 
 any ways repugnant to hi sown free confent and willingnefs to 
 bear thefe offices and trufts : For the firft neceflity in regard of 
 the decree of God, that decree being the couniel of his own 
 will, as well as his Fathers 5 there was not thereby any neceflity 
 upon him, repugnant to his own free content. And the fecond 
 neceflity of doing the. works of him that, lent him, being a ne- 
 ceflity which he voluntarily took upon him by his willing under- 
 taking the truft of being Lord Mediator, there was not there- 
 
2^f Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 by anvimpofing upon his free confent, Joh. 10. 17,18, There- 
 fore doth my Father love me, becaufe I lay down my life that I 
 might take it again. No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down 
 of my felf. 1 have power to lay it down, and I have power to take 
 it again. Phil. 2. 8 , And being found in fafrion as a man, he 
 humbled him felf unto death, even the death of the Crofi. 
 
 Yet I 1 ay , there was not upon Chrift afoy neceflity repug- 
 nant to his free and willing afting, in the taking upon him theie 
 offices, trufts, relations, &c* 1 .becauie there was no compelling- 
 neceffity, fuch as is upon a man bound hand and foot ; there was 
 no fuch neceflity upon the Lord to fend Chrift, and to lay thele 
 offices upon him \ for he is a mod free foveraign Agent, above 
 counfel, and much more above compulfion, Ifa.4.0. 1$, Who 
 hath directed the fpirit of the Lord, or being his Counfellour hath 
 taught him f Pfal. 1^5.6, Whatfoever the Lord pie afed, that did 
 he in heaven and in earth, in the feas, and all deep place. And 
 he was not bound to change the Law-dilpeniation into a new 
 one of Grace *, Therefore is the thing that was laid upon Chrift, 
 fo often called the will of him that fent him, Joh. 6. $9, 40. Nei- 
 ther was there any fuch neceflity upon Chrift to take thefe 
 offices and employments, he could not be compelled to lay down 
 his life, Joh. 10. 18, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down 
 of my felf : I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it 
 again ; this Commandment received I of my Father. Phil. 2. 6. 8, 
 Who being in the form of Cod, thought it not robbery to be equal 
 with God. And being found in faflnon as a man, he humbled him- 
 fclfy and became obedient unto death, even the death of the Crofi. 
 
 2. There was no natural ueceffity, fuch as that of the Sun to 
 give light, and the fire heat*, fure there was no fuch neceflity of 
 God's fending of Chrift*, God did not by any natural neceflity 
 lend forth Chrift ; nor was the Son of God under any natural 
 neceflity to undertake the work of our Redemption, for God 
 might have done other wife, he might in juftice have profecuted 
 the Covenant of works', yea, there was no kind of neceflity up- 
 on God to fend, or upon Chrift to go this errand, abftra&ing 
 from his own Decrees, andthepurpofe of his Wi\\,Eph. 1.5,6, 
 Having yredefiinated m unto the adoption of Children by Jefus 
 Chrift to him felf, according to the good pie a fure of his will : to 
 the praife of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us ac- 
 cepted in the beloved. Rom. 9, 20, 21, Nay, but man, who 
 
 art 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 25 
 
 art thou , that replyeftagainft God 1 Jh all the thing formed fay t s 
 him that form edit j why haft thou formed me thus ? Hath not the 
 potter power over the clay-, of the fame lump to make one vejfel unto 
 honour y and another unto difhonour f 3, There was no moral 
 neceffity, not lb much as any command, motive or inducement 
 without himfelf , either upon God to lay this employment upon 
 Chrift, or upon Chrift to take it upon him, and to undergo the 
 work •, for God might have lent his Son or not fent him, as plea - 
 led him*, there was not fo much as a moral caule inducing him to 
 it, Joh. 3. 16, For God fo loved the world that he gave his only 
 begotten Son , that whofoever believeth on him ftould not perijli, 
 but have everlafting life. Rom. 5. 6,8, For when we were yet 
 without ftrcngth, in due time Chrift died for the ungodly . But God 
 commendeth hi* love towards us-, in that while we were yet fmners y 
 Chrift died for us. And Chrift might have refilled to undertake 
 the work, or he might have agreed as pleafed him •, for who 
 could have laid a command upon him, if the defign of love that 
 was in his heart had not a&ed him to a confent ? Phil. 2. 6,8, Who 
 being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with 
 God. Jlnd being found in fajhion as a man, he humbled hw- 
 f elf unto deaths even the death of the Crof. .It refts therefore 
 that all thefe offices, employments, trulls, authorities, and 
 Covenant-relations, that Chrift did bear, were undertaken and 
 undergone by his own free confent *, and if they were by his free 
 confent, this confent was either his own motion without the con- 
 lent and agreement of Jehovah concurring in councel with him, 
 for the carrying oh the work of our Redemption - 7 or tHTs was 
 tranfkcled and done in the counfel of God, by the knowledg> 
 will, confent and agreement of God with Chrift. Now the 
 Scripture is plain and expreis, that all the offices, trufts, autho- 
 rities, employments and Covenant-relations which Chrift did 
 bear, were notufurped, were not taken upon him without di- 
 vine ordination and appointment, without his Father's confent 
 and command v but that he was defigned , chofen and called 
 thereunto. See Prov. 8.2$, / was Jet up from everlafting 9 
 from the beginnings or ever the earth was. Joh. 5. 22, For the 
 Father judgethnoman, but hath committed all judgment unto the 
 Son. Ifa.42. 1,6, Behold my fervant whom I uphold'-, I the 
 Lord have called thee in righteoufnep. And 40. I , $ 9 — The Lord 
 hath called me from the womby from the bowels of my mother hath 
 
 E he 
 
26 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 he made mention of my name. — Thou art my fervant, O Jfrael, in 
 whom I will be glorified. Hcb. 5. 5, 6 , So alfo Chrifl glorified 
 not himfelf to be made an high priefl * ? but he that faid unto him, 
 Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he faith alfo in 
 another place, Thouart apriefi for ever, after the order of Mel- 
 chifedec. A&. 3. 26, Vnto yen fir ft, God having raifed up his 
 Son Jefus, fent him to blefi yon, in turning away every one from 
 his iniquities. Pfal. 40. 6, Sacrifice and offering thou didfi not de- 
 fire, mine ears haft thou opened :, burnt offering and fin offering hafi 
 thou, not required, &c. I conclude therefore, that all theie offi- 
 ces, trufts, powers, and Covenant-relations which Chrift did 
 bear, being upon him by mutual agreement and conient betwixt 
 Jehovah and Chrift:, all and every one of them doth prove a Com- 
 pact and Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Chrifl. 
 
 He who defireth more proofs of this Covenant, and to have 
 further light therein * 7 let him read Jo. Cocc. Summa doclrina de 
 foedere, ch. 5. ariciNir.Rutherf. Treat, of the Covenant, Part 2. 
 ch. 6. And Fr. Robert's, Cods Covenants with Man , Book 2. 
 ch.2. Seel:. 3. 
 
 Now that this Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, was 
 the foundation of the Covenant made with us, may be evinced 
 by thefe particulars. 1. If this Covenant of Suretifhip had not 
 been concluded betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, there could never 
 have been anyCovenant-dealing with us upon terms of Grace^for 
 fuppole this Covenant had not been, the Lord fhould then have 
 prolecuted the Covenant of works, and followed a courf e of Ju- 
 ftice aflfinft all Mankind,the dore fhould have been fhut for ever 
 againft all condefcenfions, and all Gofpel ways of Grace. There- 
 fore we find theApofHe reckons the change of Law-difpenfation, 
 and life by the tenor of the Covenant of works, into a new way 
 of Grace,to have its foundation^riginal and rile from Gods gra- 
 cious eternal tranf action with Chrift. 2 Tim. 1 .9, Who hathfaved 
 us and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works\ 
 but according to his own purpofe and grace , which was given us in 
 Chrift Jefm before the world began. 
 
 2. God's Covenant-dealing with us upon the terms of Grace, 
 is nothing elfe but the execution of that which was from eterni- 
 ty decreed, tranfc&ed and concluded by God's Compact with 
 Chrift •, and therefore the Covenant of Suretifhip muft needs be 
 che foundation of the Covenant with us, even as all Decrees 
 
 and; 
 
Chap. I. Of the Covenant of Redemption. 
 
 and Laws are the foundation of the execution following there- 
 upon : this will appear more fully and clearly when we come to 
 fpeak of the tenor of the Covenant of Redemption , and the 
 things therein tranfafted : at prefentthis may fuffice, i. That 
 whatloever Covenant-favour and Grace is tendered tc us by the 
 Golpel-Covenant, and effectually apply ed unto us by the Spi- 
 rit of the Lord, that waspromifed to Chrift,and to us in him_i 
 yea, and plighted in him for our accountby the Covenant made 
 betwixt Jehovah and him - as appears from the Scripture before- 
 mentioned, 2 Tim. 1.9, According to his own purpofe and 
 
 grace, which was given us in Chrifi before the world began ', with 
 Tit. 1.2, In hope of eternal life , which God that cannot lye, promi- 
 sed before the world began. 2. Whatfoever Covenant-Condi- 
 tions of one kind or another •, whether Faith, the eminent Gof- 
 pel-condition, or other Gofpel-obedience required of us, or to 
 be performed upon our part ; all thefe were undertaken by 
 Chrift's aft of Suretifhip in the Covenant betwixt God and 
 him, and were eniured to him by Jehovah, to befuccefsfully 
 performed. SetEph. 2. 10, For we are his workmanfiip crea- 
 ted in Chrifi Jefus unto good works, which God hath before ordained, 
 that we Jhouldwalkjn them. 2 ThefT. 2. 1 3, But we are bound to 
 
 five thanks alway to God, for you brethren, beloved of the Lord ; 
 ecaufe God hath from the beginning chofen you to Salvation, 
 through fanllif cation of the fpirit , and belief of the truth. 
 
 Ifa. 53.1 1, And the pleafure of the Lord fliall pro/per in his 
 
 hand. He ft all fee of the travel of his foul, and ft all be fat is fed *, 
 by his knowledg fliall my righteous fervant jufiifie many , for he 
 ft all bear their iniquities. 
 
 3. In peribnal Covenanting with God, and the engaging of 
 particular Souls to him, in the way of the Covenant of Grace ; 
 Chriil's Suretifhip is the ground of all proceeding : til! this be 
 eyed, and in fome meafure believed , there is no poll' Dility of 
 advancing one ftep toward a new Covenant-ftate : for how can 
 fallen broken man (who underftands his condition to beiiich) 
 think of dealing with God, unlefs he bring a Cautioner with 
 him } or how (hall he bring to God Chrifi, afurety of the better 
 tefiament, who hath not heard of and beloved his eternal aft of 
 Suretifhip, Rom. 10. 14, How then (hall they call on him in whom 
 they have not, believed ? and how ft all they believe in him of whom 
 they have not heard ? and how ft all they hear without a preacher ? 
 
 ' E 2 This 
 
2-8 Of the Covenant of Redemption. Chap. I. 
 
 This Covenant of Surtifhip therefore mud needs be the founda- 
 tion of the Covenant of Grace and reconciliation;, hence 'tis 
 that David and HezekUh flee to this a& of Suretifhip, and lay 
 the weight of their dealing with God on it, Pfal.119. \2i,Be 
 
 furety for thy fervant for good. Ilk. 38. 14, Lord, I aw op- 
 
 frejfed, undertake for me. 
 
 4. The Covenant made with us , hath its (lability from the 
 Covenant of Suretifhip made with Chrift , and therefore this 
 muft be the foundation of that ; I fay, upon the ftability of the 
 Covenant made with Chrift, doth depend the ftability of the~ 
 Covenant with us j becaufe that (lands firm and fore, therefore 
 cloth this (land faft alio-, therefore the mercies of the Covenant 
 with us, ar e fur e mercies, and the promifes of the Covenant are 
 yea, and amen ', becaufe they are the fare mercies of David, which 
 were firft promifed to Chrift, Ifa. 55. $. and becaufe the pro- 
 mifes were madetous*'tffc, 2 Cor. 1.20, For all the promifes 
 of God in him are yea, an din him are amen. Therefore the Co- 
 venant made with us is an everlafting Covenant , becaufe of the 
 Covenant by which he was given to his people , J fa. 53. 1, 4, 
 / make with you an everlafting Covenant, even the fur e mercies-of 
 David. Behold I have given him for a witneft of the people, a 
 leader andcommander of the people : therefore our faith, and per- 
 feverance, and falvation are lure, asfure as Heaven and Earth can 
 make them, becaufe of the ac"l of Chrift's Suretifhip , and his 
 undertaking for them *, becaufe they hang upon Chrift's fulfill- 
 ing his Covenant of Suretifhip with God, and upon condition 
 of his doing the werkthat his Father gave him to do, Joh. 17. 
 4, 8. 15. 24, / have glorified thee on earth, I have finifoed the 
 worl^which thou gavefl me to do .'-—For I have given unto them 
 the words which thou gave ft me , and they have received them.. 
 
 1 pray not that than jhouldft taks r ^ em mt °f f ^ e world * r 
 
 bht that thou jhouldft ktep them from the evil — Father I will, 
 that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be with me where I am. 
 Mat. 16. 18, — And upon this roc\zjwill /build my Church, and 
 
 ■ the gates of hell foallnot prevail again ft it. 
 
 5. The Holy Ghoft's leading us lb frequently in the Scrip- 
 tures, from the Covenant made with us, in all the force, 
 efficacy, ftability, eternity, (landing, and perfeverance thereof, 
 to look up to the Covenant of Suretifhip made with Chrift*, 
 k a clear demonftration that this Covenant made with us 
 
 depends 
 
Chap. I. of the Covenant of Redemption. 2,9 
 
 depends upon the Covenant mack with him ; and that the Co- 
 venant made with .Chrift, is the foundation and ground of 
 the Covenant made with us. Read-Ez^. 16. 60,61, Never-, 
 the left I will remember my Covenant with thee in the days of 
 thy youth, and I mil efiablijh unto jhee an everlafting Cove- 
 nant. Then thou jhal'r remeynber thy ways , and be afliamedy 
 when thon jlialt receive thy Sifters, thine elder, and thy younger ', 
 and I will give them unto thee for daughters \ but not by thy 
 Covenant. Where the efficacy of the Covenant made with 
 us, is hanged, not upon that fame Covenant, but another; 
 to wit, that made with Chrift : And Ifa. 22. 22, 2 $ , And 
 the key of the houfe of David will I lay upon his Jboulder , for 
 he jhall open, and none foall JJjut, and he (liall fiwt and none 
 fiall open j and I will faflen him as a n ail in a fur e place, and 
 he Jhall be for a glorious throne to his fathers houfe, ckc Where 
 under a type of Eliakimh truft , the fixing of Chrift in the 
 Covenant isftated, as the ground of all the gracious efficiency 
 thereof; and PfaL 89. $ $, $4, Neverthelefs my loving kjndnejs* 
 will I not utterly take from him , nor fuffer my faithfulnef to 
 fail My Covenant will I not breaks nor alter the thing that 
 is gone out of my lips. Once have 1 fworn by my holinef, that 
 I will not lye unto David. The eftablifhment of the Cove- 
 nant with s Chr id's fmful feed (there fpokeofby the name of 
 David and his feed^J, is reduced to the Covenant , the fworn 
 Covenant with Chrift, as the ground and foundation there- 
 of, whom' God laid in Zion for a fure foundation ^ to 
 the intent that he who believeth may not make hafle, nor 
 be fuddenly removed from his Faith and fteadfaftnefs ;* 
 J fa. 28. 16. 
 
 chap; 
 
gfi Chap, II. 
 
 CHAP. 1 1. 
 
 Qf the necejptyofthe Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, And \. What kind ofnecejpty for 
 the being of this Covenant, i. In what 
 KefpeStf 5 or to what Intents it is ne- 
 eejjary. 
 
 w 
 
 Hen we i'peak $f the neceflity of the Covenant of Re- 
 demption or Suretifhip, we are cautioufly to under- 
 Aquin.Sjww. i.ft an ^ that necefTity. The School-men diftinguifh a threefold 
 Part. g. ip. neceflity. i. A moft perfect and abfohite necejfity^ or a fimylc 
 An. 3 necejfity, when a thing is lb, that it cannot not be, nor be other- 
 
 ^ U j S in , 5w *wife, and that by the power of any Agent whatfoever. 
 Seft i. ^^B^-Xhisneceff^ybei^ge^ not t0 tne Covenant of Redemption, 
 nor to any other the free afts of the will of God*, for if fo it 
 had pleaied God, he might have not entered that Covenant 
 with his Son} for it was not abfolutely neceflary that man fhould 
 be redeemed : God might have patted by man as he did the 
 Apoftate Angels :, which choice of objects, to be redeemed by 
 Chrift , is mentioned for aggravating God's love to man, 
 Heb. 2. 1 6, For verily he took^not on him the nature of Angels \ 
 but he took^ on him the feed of Abraham. 
 
 This neceflity belongs only to the divine Nature, which is 
 moft perfect, and cannot by any Agent whatfoever, be brought 
 not to be*, or to be other, orotherwife than he is, Jam. i. 17, 
 — with whom is no variablenefiy neither foadow of turning. 2. A 
 natural necejfity, when any thing floweth neeejfarily and meerly 
 from the principles of nature *, and thus the fire burneth, and 
 theftone defcendeth. Now the Covenant of Redemption is 
 not neceflary by this natural neceflity •, for God did not enter 
 in Covenant with Chrift as the fire burns, neceflarily, and natu- 
 - rally •, for, 1. Then it had been impoflible for God not to have 
 fhewed mercy upon fallen man, and that in this very way of 
 Redemption by Chrift ; for natural Agents cannot but aft ac- 
 cording to their natural properties ", but it is manifeft from 
 
 God's 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption* 31 
 
 God's pafling by the fallen Angels, that he might have faffed 
 by man alio in his fulfill ftate. 2. If Gc either purpo- 
 
 sed in himfelf, or exercifed juftice or mercy, or both (which is 
 inconfiftent, implicant,and impoflible) by this natural neceflity, 
 then (his juftice and mercy being infinite) he iliould have ihewed 
 mercy upon all, or exercifed juftice upon all \ he fhould either 
 have punifhed all that finned to theutmoft, as foon as they had 
 finned, or he fhould have (hewed mercy upon all, as foon as 
 there were qualified objects for mercy : the reafon is obvious, 
 becaufe all natural Agents work to the utmoft they can. 
 3. Then there fhould have been no Compact nor Covenant be- 
 twixt Jehovah and Chrift ; for fuppofing fucha natural necefii- 
 ty, wedeftroy freeconfent and agreement, which is effential 
 to this Covenant , and is proved in the foregoing Chapter. 
 
 3. There is an hypothetical neceflity which arifeth from God'? 
 ordination and appointment •, or as others call it, a neceflity of 
 confeqnence *, when any thing is neceflary upon fuppofition of 
 fome other thing j and this is not an abiblute neceflity in the 
 things themfelves, and their immutability ; but a limited refpe- 
 tlive neceflity , upon connexion of one thing with another. 
 Again, this limited refpedive neceflity fas Mr. Anth. Bargef^-porti-mot 
 well obierves) is fometimes from the efficient caufe , becaufe Juftif. Part 2. 
 he is thus and thus difpofed ; as when 'tis faid, there mutt beSerm. u. 
 her e fie s, 1 Cor. 1 1, 29. That is, partly in regard of the efficient 
 caufe (although the Text mentioneth there only the final caufe), 
 becaufe there will be Ignorance and Pride always in men. 
 2. From the material caufe: Thus death is neceflary and inevi- 
 table, becaufe we have principles of corruptibility within us. 
 
 $. From the formal caufe, becaufe that is immutable and urn 
 changeable. 4. From the final caufe fuppofing fuch an end. 
 
 When we fpeak of the neceflity of the Covenant of Sureti- 
 fhip or Redemption, it is this third and laft kind of neceflity 
 we mean; it was hypothetically and refpe&ively neceflary only 
 that God fhould enter in Covenant with Chrift :, to wit, upon 
 fuppofition of fome other thing that God had decreed and pur- 
 pofed in hirafelf. And here let us a little enquire, 
 
 Quefl. 1. What were thefe things which God's entering irr 
 Covenant with Chrift doth fuppofe ? 2. What was the necef- 
 fity of a Covenant betwixt God and Chrift, luppoiifcp-Tnefe 
 things ? 3. Whether this hypothetical and refpecTive njceflity 
 
 of 
 
32 Of the Nccejfity of Chap. II. 
 
 of a Covenant with Chrift, flowed only from the final caufe, 
 from the ends which God had purpofed inhinfelf, or from the 
 efficient caufe alio, that is, from God's natural propenfion to 
 Juftice or Mercy ? 
 
 Anfw. i. The Covenant of Redemption wherein God en« 
 tered with Chrift, did proceed upon fuppofition of thefe things 
 mainly ( I do not fay only , nor do I determine the order of 
 the things fuppofed ). i. This Covenant fuppofeth that God 
 had purpofed in himielf, and decreed eminently to glorifie him- 
 felf in the way of juftice and mercy , Rom. 9. 22,23, What if 
 God willing to fliew his wrath, and to make his power known, 
 endured with much long-fujfering the vejfels of wrath fitted to 
 deftruttion ? And that he might make known the riches of his 
 glory on the vejfels of mercy which he had afore prepared, unto 
 glory I 2. This Covenant fuppofeth that God had purpofed 
 and decreed, that there fhould be objects qualified, and fit for 
 the glorifying of both thefe Attributes ; and this was abfo- 
 lutely neceffary to that purpofe, both quoad exercitium & quoad 
 Jpecific -ationem atlpa, inrefpeftof the exercife of the aft and the 
 lpecification and manner of it. For to fome properties in 
 God there is required no objeft, and to others no qualifica- 
 tion of the objeft. To God's Omnipotency there is required 
 no objeft, becaufe it makes its objects *, and to God's Wifdom 
 there is required no qualification in the objeft ', for he can order 
 every thing to a glorious end . Yet to God's mercy and juftice , 
 ad extra, there are not only required objefts , but objefts fo 
 qualified, either with Grace or Sin, as Mr. Burgefi obferves. 
 Therefore the Covenant of Redemption doth iiippoie the pur- 
 pofe and decree of God about the creation of man, in a bleffedj 
 Votf. •/ Juftif. but mutable ftate, and his fall from his Primitive blefTednefs and 
 p. 1. p. 10$. firft Cove nant-ftate, into Sin; that there might be objefts and 
 &p.2. p. ^'qualified objefts for glorifying the Attributes of mercy and 
 juftice, upon which the Apoftle in the place before-mentioned, 
 Rom. 9. 22, 2$. calls vejfels of mercy , and vejfels of wrath. 
 5. The Covenant of Redemption fuppofeth God's purpofe and 
 free decree, ib far to follow his Covenant- truth and juftice upon 
 man, as not to acquit him without a fatisfaftion to Juftice in 
 his own perfon, or by a liirety of the fame kind that finned, 
 Heb. 9. 15, And for this caufe he is the Mediator of the New 
 Teflamenty that by means of death for the redemption of the 
 
 tranf- 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption. S3 
 
 tranfgrejfions that were under thefirft teftament , they which art 
 called might receive the promife of the eternal Inheritance. 4. The 
 Covenant of Redemption iiippof eth that God had purpoled to 
 have in Mankind the»objec1:s for glorifying both thefe Attri- 
 butes of mercy and juftice, that he would not punifh all fin 
 with eternal death ; nor yet let all go unpunifhed *, but would 
 manifeft his juftice in ibme objects, and the riches of his Grace 
 in others, Rom.?. 22,25. 5- The Covenant of Redemption 
 fuppofeth that God had choien Chrift firft to do the work of 
 Redemption, by fatisfying juftice, and entreating mercy, 
 Pf#l> 89. $, / have made a Covenant with my chofen. And 
 Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like 
 unto his brethren , that he might be a merciful and faithful high 
 prieflin things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the 
 fins of the people. And that he had choien the veflejs of mercy 
 in him, unto grace and glory, Eph. i.4>$> According as he 
 bath chofen us in him before the foundation of the world , that 
 we Jhould be holy and without blame before him in love. Having 
 predeftinated us unto, the Adoption of children, by Je fit* Chrift. 
 uuto himfelf, according to the good pleafure of his will* I fay 
 thenihls fuppofitis, thtfc and fuch like things being fuppofed, God 
 enters in a Covenant with Chrift. 
 
 Queft.2. But iuppofing that it is decreed, that divine 
 juftice (hall be iatisfied \ and that the truth of the threatning 
 of the Covenant of works , fhould be verified upon man of- 
 fending, or upon a iiifficient fiirety : iiippofing alfo that Chrift 
 is defignedinthe counfel of God unto this work of redeem- 
 ing loft man, by performing a fatisfa&ion to the juftice of God ; 
 It is yet a queftion , What needed the Covenant of Redemption 
 or Suretifhip betwixt God and Chrift ? Might not the work 
 have been done without any Compact, Covenant or Agreement 
 betwixt the Father and the Son ? 
 
 Anfw, I (hall only here give a fhort anfwer ; , referring tlr 
 more fall and particular iatisfattion of this queftion unto the' 
 latter part of this Chapter, wherein I have purpoled the 
 handling of the particular ends and iritents for which the 
 Covenant of Redemption is neceflary y For pf efent I fay, 1. It 
 might iuffice that God decreed, and plainly revealed that the 
 iutisfa&ion which his juftice will have for fm , and which Chrift 
 has given, was agreed betwixt them by a Covenaat : and fo in 
 
 F refpeft 
 
5 4 Of the Neeefitjr of Chap, ft 
 
 refpett of infinite wifdom , which worketh by deep counfel, 
 and doth nothing without a reafon, it was necefTary ? becaufe 
 God thought fit that it fhould be fo , he pitched upon this 
 way. But befide this , 2. Whatfoever n£ ceflity was in regard 
 of infinite wifdom , that loft man fhould be redeemed , fin 
 fhould not be pardoned without a fatisfaclion , that Chrift. 
 ihould be our Redeemer, and fhould come and give thatfatis' 
 faction: the lame neceffity alfo requires a Covenant betwixt 
 God and Chrift, foe carrying on that work in the way of 
 Agreement; ib thai if a Mediator, a Saviour and Redeemer > 
 a Surety, a ranfomwere neceflary , in regard of infinite wif 
 dom, which found out this Goipel-diipeniation and new way of 
 life, then was a Covenant of Suretifhip and Redemption necef- 
 lary alfo in the fame refpccT. 3. The work of Redemption 
 performed by Chrift, was iuch as could not be.undertaken and 
 performed without a Covenant^ for it required commanding 
 and obeying, fending and going, asking and receiving, work- 
 ing and rewarding,all which imported fuppofe fuperiority and 
 inferiority, or fubordination, which could not be betwixt the 
 Father and the Son, who is equal vpith Cod? Phn\2.6, unleis 
 that by Agreement, Compact, Confent and Covenant ? the Son 
 of God had humbled him f elf ^ and became obedient unto death? 
 even the death of the Cro$, Phil. 2. 8. The work of Redemp- 
 tion unto which Chrift was defigned in the counfel of God, 
 required feveral offices, employments, trufts, and relations to be 
 iiiflained by him (whereof I hinted fomething in the foregoing 
 Chapter) which not being efTential to the Son of God , nor 
 belonging to him by any natural , abfolute, or immutable ne- 
 ceffity *, upon fuppofal of the decree of God, that the -Son 
 fhould do the work of Redemption , there was a neceflity of 
 Confluence, that there fhould be a Covenant of Redemption 
 and Suretifhip *, that by the Father's calling and command , and 
 by the Sons confent and agreement, making up a voluntary 
 Compact, the Son of God might bear thefe offices, and trufts, 
 and relations, which otherwife he fhould not have born, 
 //i.42. 1.6, Behold my fervant whom J uphold? mine eltttin 
 whom my foul delighteth^ — J the Lord have called thee in right e- 
 optfnsfs? and will hold thine hand. Pfal. 2. 7, / will declare the 
 decree, the Lord hath [aid unto me? thou art my Son? this day 
 havt I begotten thee* Heb. 5. 5,6, So alfo Chrifl glorified not 
 
 h'mfetf 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption. 5 5 
 
 himfclf tobemade anhighpriefl, b m he that J aid unto him. Thou- 
 art my Son , to day have I begotten thee. As he faith alfo in 
 another 'place , Thou art a priefi for ever after the order of 
 Melchifedec. 
 
 jQueft> y Whether did this Hypothetical neceflity of God's 
 ■cnteringin Covenant with Chrift to pay a raiiibm $ or as others 
 ipeak, this neceflity of coniequence, flow only from a finall. 
 caufe*, to wit, God's ends which he purpofed in himfclf •, or 
 from the efficient caufe alfo •, to wit, from juftice in God that 
 could not remit fin without fatisfa&ion ? 
 
 Anfvo- i. Concerning the neceflity of God's covenanting 
 -with Chrift, in refpeft of the ends which he purpofed in him- 
 felfj thereisnoqueftion : Which were, i. The fupream end, 
 to glorifie his mercy and juftice } I mean his declarative glory, 
 that (hints ad extra j not the efTentiai glory of God , whereby 
 he was infinitely glorious from eternity, and fhould eternally 
 be eflentially glorious , though neither Man nor Angel, nor 
 any other ohjeft of his glory had been created. This is the 
 glory fpokcn of in thefe Scriptures, Prov. 16. 4, The Lord hath 
 made all things for him f elf, yea, even the wicked for the day of 
 evil. Eph. 1.6, To the praife of the glory of his grace wherein 
 he hath made m accepted in the beloved. 2. The iubordinate end 
 (which alio is a medium or means for advancing the fupream 
 end) the Redemption and Salvation of his ele& people,, to be 
 "brought about in fuch manner as might manifeft and declare 
 the glory of juftice and mercy both , in faving fome , not all, 
 andpafling by others, upon whom he had purpofed to declare 
 ■hi- juftice ; and in laving thefe whom he purpofed to redeem, 
 in fuch a way as juftice might be iatisfied, and mercy alio en- 
 treated, Rom, $.24, Being jaftified freely by his grace, through 
 the Redemption that is in Jefm Chrift. Eph. 1 . 7, In whom we have 
 Redemption through his blood, the forgivenefs of fins seconding to 
 the riches of his grace. It is manifeft, I fay, that in regard of 
 thefe great ends, the Covenant of Redemption made with 
 Chrift was necefiary^ God having purpofed in procuring ouu 
 5alvation,to glorifie his mercy and juftice,a Mediator and Surety 
 behoved to be engaged ; and there being (In regard of infinite 
 wifdom which determined it ) none fp fit as the Son of God ; he 
 muft needs be engaged by his own content, and by a Covenant - 
 agreement with Jehovah. 
 
 F 2 j^ But 
 
3 6 Of the Necefity of Chap. II. 
 
 j^ But here is the queftion about the neceflity of the Cove- 
 nant of Suretifhip in regard of the efficient caufe •, to wit, whe- 
 eler or not there was any neceflity of nature or natural efTential 
 juftice in God, which required this way of Suretifhip and Re- 
 demption neceffarily, in regard that he could not pardon fin 
 Without a fatisfa&ion ? 
 
 X Concerning this queftion , two reafbns mainly prevail 
 fife. iMiu col. *tfth me to be fparing in the agitation of it. I. The great diife- 
 tmtmjt, z,^-renccof Judgment that is among the Orthodox in this point; 
 birt.w. Error Several Learned men holding God's Juftice in punifhing and 
 y °a,' P £' ^ correcting fin to be fo natural, that he cannot but punifhit, or 
 xm^dHb 9 \2J tQ ^ lxt ^ l% ^^ l<>:[ ^ otherwise he fhould deny himfelf, and his 
 Broth, animad. own nature . 
 
 in Vorh. Mar* Again, there are others that hold, if God be confidered ab- 
 fi ;\ ** Fer '' folutely in regard of his power, and not upon a fuppofition of 
 tbotin p <ol X ^ IS ^cree, which is cU fatto, to let no fin go unpunifhed } but 
 507. • t0 punifh it either in the Peribn, or in his Surety : In this ablb- 
 
 lutefenfe they fay God might freely have remitted fin without 
 Aug. Strm. 3. any iatisfaOion.- 
 
 & S "ib* ' D "de 0thersa E ain ^ ave followed a middle way, and by fome di- 
 7rin!i\?' cap. ftin&ions have ftudied to reconcile the difference j which whe- 
 10; Calv. in ther they reach the end or not* yet have (hewed a good ipirit 
 Toh. 15. -15. in the endeavours. 
 
 T ™ ilT * vln f' 2. Becaufe it leems the lefs ufeful to difpute about the poffi- 
 ^• x f V g ^;bility of another way of taking away fin, and latisfying the 
 kard. cm & °f tne Law, f 1Ilce whatfoever God might have done , yet 
 
 he hath plainly revealed that he hath decreed and pitched upon 
 4tr. Burg. Trut this only way, that he will not pardon fin without a price and 
 ma. W/.f at isfaaion. 
 
 p.2*p.io4, c. ^ or m y own .p 00r apprehenfions of this point \ 1 . I look up- 
 on the Socinian opinion in this matter as extream, and of dange- 
 rous confequence :, for they deny Juftice and Mercy to be 
 Properties or Attributes of God,, making Juftice (or as they 
 call it, Anger) no property in God :, but the meer voluntary 
 effe& of his Will*, denying any fuch Juftice in God ,. whereby 
 hepropends to punifh fin, and making it wholly arbitrary,, to 
 punifh, or not to punifh. Upon this foundation they build , 
 that Chrtft did not die by way of latisfaftion * 7 at leaft there 
 ibid. U ? . lt was no neceflity of it : The arguments ufed by Mr. Burge$'\x\ 
 8^107, &c! ' confutation of the Sotinian opinion, are thu6 far cogent, that 
 
 they 
 
Chap. U. the Covenant of Redemption. 37 
 
 they conclude juftice to be a natural property in God (under- 
 ftanding the word natural for that which floweth from nature *, 
 yet by the help of free will)*, and that God's punifhing of fin, 
 is not meerly from his Will. And indeed the Scriptures which 
 hold forth fin, as not only contrary to God's holy Law, but. 
 alfo contrary to his holy Nature: I mean morally contrary to 
 him, though not phyfically, Heb. 1.13, Thou art of furer eyes 
 than to behold evil , andcanfl not laok^on iniquity : and which 
 attribute the punifhing of fin, not only to the juftice of his 
 Law , but to the righteouiheis and juftice of his Nature, 
 Ffal 11. 7, For the righteous Lord loveth righteoufnef , bis 
 countenance doth behold the upright. Rev. 16. 5 , And 1 heard 
 the Angel of the waters fay , Thou art righteous , O Lord. Thele 
 alfo which reckon punitive juftice among his attributes, when 
 
 his name was proclaimed , Exod. $4. 7, and that will, by no 
 
 means clear the guilty. Thefe Scriptures and the like (1 lay) 
 have weight with me to reckon juftice among the properties of 
 God, and to believe that his punifhing fin is not meerly from 
 his will. 
 
 2. It is another extream, to infer hence, thatbecaufe juftice 
 is in fomefenfe a natural property in God, and his punifhing of 
 fin is not meerly from his will ; therefore God punifheth fin by 
 neceflity of nature, and cannot but punifh it, or require flitis- 
 faclion, more than he can deny his own Nature, or ceaie to be 
 God. Againft this affertion,the Reaibns brought by Mr.Ruther- Tnat - °fl hs Co " 
 ford (to which I refer the Reader) do ftrongty conclude. ^cK™ 
 
 3. I conceive that thefe extreams may admit of abatement* 
 without prejudice to the Lord's Soveraignty, and the abfolute 
 freenefs of his grace , or without derogation from the fatis- 
 fattion of Chrift , and the refpeftive neceffity thereof. For, 
 1. Suppofing that God doth not punifh fin by any natural ne- 
 ceflity, and that he doth not punifh fin, nor require any fatisfa- 
 &ion by any neceflity of juftice *, yet this can be no advantage to 
 the Socinian fuperftru&ion , who conclude that then there was 
 no neceflity of Ghrift's dying by way of iatisfaclion , fince 
 God hath plainly revealed that he will not pardon fin, without 
 a fatisfaftion andanattonementmade •, and this decree of his 
 doth infer an hypothetical neceflity of Ghrift's dying by way of 
 iatisfaclion. 2- Suppofing that juftice , punitk'e juftice, be 
 natural to God, and among his properties, .it will not necefia- 
 
 rily 
 
38 Of tie Necejptj of Chap. IL 
 
 rily follow (upon fuppofition of the being of fin) that God 
 punifheth fin by neceflity of Nature and Juftice , more than it 
 will follow , that becaufe Ptfe natural to man" to fpeak , to 
 laugh, &c. Therefore he fpeaks , he laughs from neceflity of 
 nature j for he doth thefe things moft freely; and notwithftand- 
 ing it is natural to him to laugh or ipeak, he might notwith- 
 ftanding never laugh nor fpeak, as pleafeth him. For if io, 
 i. Then his juftice fhould carry him to punifh fin without any 
 moderation:, that is, to punifh fin as foon as ever it is commit- 
 ted, to punifh fin to the utmoft degree of punifhment, to pu- 
 niih fin in every Soul that finneth, without mercy fliewed to any, 
 and in the fame Soul that finneth, not in a Surety :, becaufe natu- 
 ral Agents work to the utmoft they can. 2. Becaufe the natu- 
 ral properties of God, as they are efTential to him, do not ib 
 much as require any objects ad extra (though the manifeftation 
 of thefe do require objects), for God fhould have been infinitely 
 and eternally wife, holy, good , juft, &c. though there had 
 never been any creation of Men or Angels ^ and if thefe do not 
 neceflarily require objects, then far lefs exercife of acts*, fo that 
 it will not follow , if Juftice be natural to God, then he muft 
 punifh fin by neceflity of Nature. 3. If we (hall place juftice 
 among thefe properties in God , the objects whereof may be 
 laid to be neceflar v (which muft be underftood in refpett of the 
 exercife of acts about thefe objects *, otherwife nO natural pro- 
 perty in God neceflarily requires any object adextra); yet the 
 objects fuppofed, the acts are not, even then neceffary by any 
 abfolute neceflity of nature^ but only by a hypothetical necef- 
 fity, fuppofingthe decree of God that gave thefe objects a 
 being, and ordered their being, qualified objects for exercifing 
 juftice or mercy upon, according to his plcafure, which work- 
 eth all things according to the counfel of his will ^ and if lb, 
 her* is no punifhing of fin by neceflity of nature. 4. Suppo- 
 1. M04. ** m § J uftice to be natural to God in that fenfe that Mr. Burgefi 
 ' ' aflerts it, and fuppofmg the objects thereof to have a being *, 
 
 yet lure he doth not punifh fin by neceflity of nature , as the 
 fire burns-, fince the exercife of Juftice, yea, the choice of ob- 
 jects upon which he will exercife it, are liibjected to his free will 
 and foveraignty ; as is manifeft from Rom. 9. 18, Therefore hath 
 he mercy on whom he will have mercy ; and whom he will ', he har~ 
 deneth. Rev. 4. 11, Thou art worthy, Lord, to receive honour 
 
 and 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption. 39 
 
 and glory y and power ; for thou hafl created all things , and for 
 thy pleafure they are and were created. Whereas natural neceffity 
 excludes freedom both in the principle of aftion, and the a& 
 itfelf. 
 
 Having now fhewed what kind of neceflity there was for 
 the being of the Covenant of Redemption betwixt God and 
 Chrift:, and that the neceflity does mainly refpecl: the final 
 caufe and ends which God had purpofed in himfelf : Let us 
 in the next place confider particularly to what intents and pur- 
 poles it was neceffary that God fhouid enter into a Co- 
 venant of Suretifhip and Redemption with his own Son 
 Chrift. 
 
 Thefe intents and purpofes may be reduced to two 
 chief heads j fuppofmg that God had purpofed in himfelf to 
 glorifie his mercy and Juftice in procuring our Salvation * 7 the 
 Covenant; of Suretifhip and Redemption was neceffary 
 for both thefe ends andpurpoies : i. For the honour of God. 
 2. For the falvation and good of his choien people *, both 
 which were attained through the Covenant made betwixt God 
 and Chrift. 
 
 1. For the honour and glory of God.:, I mean, the declara- 
 tive glory of God, that fhines ad extra y or the manifestation of 
 his glory , as the fame is fhewed forth and manifefted in his 
 dealings with the Creatures , whereof fcz.PfaL i$>. i, Thehea- 
 vens declare the glory of God. Exod. 15. 11, Who is likf unto thee y 
 O Lordy amongji the Gods ! who is like thee, glorious in holinefs 7 
 fearful in pratJeSy doing wonders ! Not his effential glory that 
 fhines ad intra y whereby he was infinitely and eternally glori- 
 ous, before any the works of Creation and Providence •, and 
 fhouid have been glorious eternally , though thefe had never 
 been, Prov.%. 22.~-$Oy The Lord poffe fed me in the beginning 
 of his way y before his worlds of old.—SThen J was by him as on* 
 brought Hp with him , and I was daily his delight , rejoycing al- 
 ways before him. 
 
 1 fay, the being of this Covenant of Redemption, was necef- 
 fery for the declarative glory of God \ whether we cofifider 
 God effemially or perfonally . 
 
 1 . For the glory of God confidered effentially , or in regard 
 ©F his glorious nature and effence, or his natural eilential, attri* 
 tut***, I mean, hiswiidom, goodnefe, juftice, mescy, fiuth- 
 
 fulnefs. 
 
41 Of the UcceJJtty of Chap. If. 
 
 fu!nef>,'on\ And that, i . For glorifying thefe unkerfally, even 
 all and every one of his attributes , all which received a new 
 and glorious luftre, through the Covenant of Redemption, and 
 God's fending of Chrift to do that work which fliould never 
 have been known nor manifefted on Earth, nor in Heaven , but 
 in the face of Jefus Chrift, and by virtue of God's Covenant- 
 dealings with him about our Redemption ; therefore faith the 
 Apoftle, 2 Cor. 4. 6, For God who commanded light to firine out 
 of darknef, hath finned in our hearts , to give the light of the 
 kgowledg of the glory of God in the face of Jefus Chrift. There- 
 fore alio Chrift is called the brightneft of his glory, Heb. 1. j. 
 Chrift Mediator is thebrightnefs of the glory of God , in and 
 through whom , his glorious attributes and nature was made 
 conipicuous , and the declarative glory thereof had a more 
 glorious luftre, than by all the works cf Creation and Provi- 
 dence befide : upon the fame account alfo Chrift is called the 
 Image of the invifible God, Col. 1. 15, becaufe the glorious 
 excellencies of God (otherwife invifible) are glorioufly revealed 
 by him, and to be feen in him. I pais this here in a word, re- 
 ferring a more particular confideration thereof to that part 
 of this fubjecYmatter that concerns the Mediator's perfon and 
 office. 2. For the glorifying of thefe harmonioufly, that the 
 harmony of attributes in God might be manifefted in this 
 tranfa£Hon;to wit,how fweetly mercy & juftice did meet, when 
 peace and righteoufnefs , Law- demands and Gofpel-condeicen- 
 tions, LaW'feverity and Gofpei-lenity did meet together, and 
 were made friends by this Covenant, PfaL 85. 10. 11, Mercy 
 and truth are met together , righteoufnef and pace have tiffed 
 each other, &c. For by this means God brought forth to heaven 
 and earth, and all the Creatures, the glorious harmony of 
 Juftice, Truth, Mercy, Power, Wilcrom, Grace, Rev. 5. 12,' 1 $, 
 Saying with a loud voice, worthy is the Lamb that was flain> to re- 
 ceive power, andwifdom, and riches, andftrength, and honour , 
 and glory, and bleffing. And every creature which is in heaven 
 and on the earth, and under the earth, and fuch as are in the 
 fea, and all that are in them , heard /, faying , Bleffing , honour, 
 glory, and power be unto him that fitteth upon the throne , and unto 
 the lamb for ever and ever . 
 
 2. This Covenant of Redemption was neceflary for the glory 
 of God considered perfonatty; and that, 1. I11 regard of the 
 
 diftincl: 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption. 4 l 
 
 diftinftfubfiftencesand glorious peribns of thetdefTed Trinity. 
 2. In regard of the diftjrwfr offices of the three peribns , all 
 which were glorioufly manifefted in God's Covenant-dealings 
 with Chrift. I lay, the greateft declarative glory and clearefi- 
 manifeftation of the diftintt lubfiftences and Peribns of the God- 
 head, and of the diftinft offices of thefe Perfons in the ever- 
 glorious and bleffed Trinity, that ever the world law or heard 
 of, was in God's Covenant-dealings with Chrift about the work 
 of our Redemption \ for where are there any fuch clear difco- 
 veries of thefe great myfteries to be found, as in God's federal 
 dealings with Chrift^ and the Scriptures which reveal the fame ? 
 God was but darkly known in the diftincl fubfiftences and offi- 
 ces of the Perlons of the Trinity, till this light -of his Covenant 
 with Chrift did break forth \ but in God'siending his Son, and 
 the Son's undertaking and offering himfelf willingly to his Fa- 
 ther, to do this work*, and the Holy Ghoft's exercifmg the 
 power of the Godhead, fitting and enabling him, the man 
 Chrift Jefus,to do the work \ there was a glorious manifeftation 
 of the diftin&ion of Perfons in the Godhead, and of the offices 
 of thefe Peribns , (whei^of alio more particularly afterward^). 
 See 7/^.42. 1, Behold my ferv ant whom I uphold , mine elect in 
 whom my foul delighteth ; 1 have put my jpirit upon him , he 
 Jhall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. Heb. 9. 14, Hove much 
 more Jhall the blood of Chrift, who through the eternal Jpir it, of- 
 fered himfelf without Jpot to God, purge your con fcience from dead 
 works to ferve the living God? And 10. 7, Then faid I, Lo, 1 
 come, in the volume of the bookjt is written of me, to do thy will, 
 OGod. Pfoi. 2. 7,8, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath 
 faid unto me, Thou art my Son , this day have I begotten thee, 
 Ask^of me, and J jhall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, 
 an dthejatermo ft parts of the earth for thy pojfejfion. Joh.14. 26, 
 But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghoft, whom the Father, will 
 fend in my name, he flail teach, ym all things, and bring aH . 
 things to your remembrance , whatfoever I have faid unto you. 
 
 Mai. 3. 16, 17, And he faW the [pirit of God descending like 
 
 a dove r and lighting upon him : And lo, a voice from heaven fay- 
 ing, This is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleafed- y and 
 fuch like Scriptures.. Yea , fo much was the Covenant betwixt 
 God and Chrift aboufour Redemption for the glory of God , 
 even confidered perfonally j that thereby (Wide the glory 
 
 G that 
 
4a Of the NeceJJitjr of Chap. IL 
 
 that was common to all the three Perfons) there did accrue a 
 peeuliar glory ts> the diftinft Perfons of the Godhead, in regard 
 of their diftintt offices and working in this bufmefs of Redemp* 
 tion^ a peculiar glory to the Father, who gave Chrift, and 
 who fent him upon this bufinefs, and bleffed us in hira, even 
 a peculiar honour to the Father from the Lord Mediator and 
 Redeemer, Joh. 8. 49, But I honour my Father , faith Chrift ; 
 and a peculiar honour to the Father from the ranfomed and 
 redeemed People , 1 Pet. 1. $, BteJfedbetheGod and Father of 
 unr Lord Jefus Chrifl , which according to his abundant mercy 
 hath begotten hs again into a lively hope by the refurretlion of 
 Jefus Chrift from the dead. A peculiar honour to the Son, to 
 Chrift the Lord Mediator, and that both upon earth and in hea- 
 ven, a peculiar glory to the Lamb that wrought the Redemp- 
 tion, unto which his Father appointed him, Joh. 5. 22, 2-3, For 
 the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the 
 Son : That all menjhould honour the Son, even as they honour the 
 Father; which the Son claimeth, Joh. 17. 1,4, Thefe words 
 fpoke Jefvu, and lift up his eyes to heaven-) and f aid. Father the 
 hour is come, glorifie thy Son, that thy Son alfo may glorifie thee ; 
 I have glorified thee on the earth, I havejinijhed the workjwhich 
 thou gave ft me to do. And which is payed to him in heaven, 
 Rev. 7. 10, Saying, Salvation to our God which fitteth upon the 
 throne, and to the Lamb. And 5.9, And they fing a new fong, 
 faying, thou art worthy to take the bool^, and to open the feals 
 thereof \ for thou waft flain, and haft redeemed us to God by 
 thy blood, out of every kindred , and tongue , and people , and 
 nation. A peculiar glory unto the eternal Spirit, by whom the 
 Son of God offered himfelf without Jpot to Gody Heb. 9. 14 ; and 
 to whom the effectual application of the purchafed Redemp- 
 tion by peculiar office belongs, 1 Cor. 6.11, Andfuch were feme 
 *>f you; but ye are wajhed, but ye are fantlified, but ye are 
 juftified in the name of the Lord Jefus, and by the fpirit of our 
 God. Joh. 6.61, It is the fpirit that quickeneth. Gal. 4. 6, 
 And becaufe ye are Sons, God hath fent forth the fpirit of his 
 Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, father. 
 
 2. The good of the ranfomed and redeemed people, required 
 ♦hat their Redemption fhould be tranfa&ed in a Covenant be- 
 twixt God and Chrift ; and to this intent, and for this end it 
 was neceffary, 1. To introduce andufher in the new way of 
 
 life 
 
Chap. H. the Covenant of Redemption. 4? 
 
 life thoroW the Gofpel-difpenfation , which could never have 
 come to light, nor have appeared upon the ftage to ac*i any 
 thing, if God had not by his eternal trarife&ions with Chrift, 
 in whom he found a ranfome, made way for the taking down the 
 tranfient-time-difpenfation of Law and Works , which was 
 only to continue and ftand a Court of righteoufnefs for a (horr 
 fpace •, andfo opened a door for free Grace to take the Theatre,' 
 and to ad its part more nobly than; 'the Law-diipeniatioh that 
 was firft upon the ftage. And this, Hay, was ufhered inland 
 it was neceflary that way fhould be made for it, by God's 
 Covenant-dealings with Chrift, in whorn his Juftice had a fatis- 
 feaion-, elfethe Law-difpeffition of ^Mf ks and Nature had 
 kept the Stage for ever, and there had been no Court wherein 
 <Jrace fits upon the throne, and'wherein Sinners might plead 
 iFighteotiiheis and life on Gofpel-tefms. Chnft's faying from 
 eternity, L6^ home to M thy will, OGod, Pfal. 40. 6. And 
 deliver him fr 6m going down to the pit ^ I have found a ran fom % 
 
 Cocc. t>i 
 
 for tte<^&&i$t$itik dFatio\ena1it'o|rrVe^laceI; Thrice**- 
 it is that the Apoftle ftates the rife' of fife and immortality 
 that isbrought to light by the Gofpel, upon the eternal' fcede- 
 
 nbw'wade mdnifeft by' the appearing of our Saviour 'Jefm Chrift, 
 
 his dwnSoninthel^neJicffafktfBJh: atttt I for fin condemned ft 
 wthefiejh'.. } J ■ J 
 
 2. The Covenant of Redemption Wtfjft God and Chriii 
 r our good, that the Covenant of life ancj 
 s in the way of this Gofpel-diftenfgtion,«ni£ht 
 
 the farer is the Covenant. Buthereallis of the' Lord; and of 
 
 G 2 his 
 
I 
 
 44 Of the Neceffitj of Chap. II. 
 
 his gracious will, all is trania&ed betwixt God and Ghrift, and 
 man is not lb much as prefent at the firft trania&ion of the 
 Covenant, as he was at the Covenant of works - 7 here he is 
 neither at the beginning , nor end of it • I mean , that end 
 which it had in God*s federal dealings with Chrift, where the 
 Redemption and Salvation of the elect was a concluded bufmefs, 
 and the condufion tarried not , nor was fufpended for man r s 
 confent ; fure this was pure Grace, this was all Grace, eminent 
 Grace, when there was nothing of the Creature $ no, not fo 
 much as acting in a vital formal manner , as now we a& under 
 the application of this Covenant, by thefe gracious a£ts which 
 are efficiently from God *, but there, all was the gracious free 
 will of God, without any thing of the Creatures will •, furely 
 that was eminent fignal Grace, and the better for us, 2 Tim. 1 .p; 
 Who hath faved us, and called us with an holy, calling, not accord- 
 ing to our works, but according to his own purpofe and grace , 
 which was given us in. Chrift Jefusjbefore the world began Eph. 2. 10, 
 For we are his workgianftrip, created in Chrift Jefm unto good 
 Works, which. God hath before, ordained, that we ftouldwalk^irt: 
 them. Eph. 1.4, 5, According as he hath chofentu in him, before 
 the foundation of the world , tlrat we jbculd be holy and without 
 blame, before him in love : Having predeftinated us unto the Adop- 
 tion of djildren, by Jefus Chrift to hlmfelf, according to the good 
 pleafure of his will. 
 
 ' 3. A Covenant betwixt God and Chrift- about our Salvation 
 and Redemption was necelTary , that the bufinefs of our Salva- 
 tion might be far advanced ^ ere it come to our working at it 
 With fear and trembling : and if our working out that which 
 is left to be done by us, for our own Salvation, be with fear and 
 trembling, when by this Covenant of Suretifnip we are fet be- 
 yond the poflible rea,ch of aclualperifhing*, O what fhouldour 
 working for Salvation have been without this Covenant of 
 Suretifhip, but endlefs, frurdefs toiling, with defparation ! 
 but by the Covenant of Redemption , our Salvation is far. ad- 
 vanced, before our little finger be at the work; nay,, it is in 
 fome reip^^nifh.^d, all the hard labour is over, Juftice is fatif- 
 fied, the (tren^th of oppofition. is broken , and we have only 
 ftroVen forces', ah-d a Ixaten adveriary to deal with y we have. 
 UttL -nore to do but to ftand and fee him work Salvation for 
 w£'i and apply his furchated Redemption •, and yet we have wprk. 
 
 enough 
 
Chap. IF. the Covenant of Redemption. 4.5 
 
 enough to keep us in continual exercife, about the duties of holi- 
 nefs and faith,//*/. 2. 12. 2CV.7. 1. iPet. 1. 5, 10. 3W7.17.4, 
 / have fnijhed the work^which thou gave ft me to do. And 1 6. 1 1 , 
 — +of judgment } becaufe the Prince of this world is ytdged. 
 Heb. 12. 2, Looking nnto Jefus the Author and finijher of 
 #*r faith. 
 
 4. A Covenant betwixt God and Chrift about our Salvation, 
 was neceffary, that the ipring and fountain of the life of Salva- 
 tion to us, might He out of our felves :, by the Covenant of 
 works, the fpring of life and blefTedncfs to man , lay in him- 
 felf •, all his tfeafure and ftore was in his ftock of habitual Grace ^ 
 bu t no w by this Covenant of Suretifhip, the water-cock is in- 
 deed within our own hearts : I mean, Faith, by which we draw 
 life and vertue out of Chrift, and through which he conveys it 
 unto us •, but the fountain and well-head lyes on high : for by the 
 Covenant of Redemption , God was carrying on a defign of 
 love to his ele& people*, and this was part of the contrivance, 
 that our Covenant-ftate through Chrift's Suretifhip might be 
 Fountain-Love and Grace :, a ftate of favour fetled and bot- 
 tomed in the fountain of life and grace, Chrift: Whereas 
 Adam's firft Covenant-ftate was but Ciftern-Graee , that did 
 not run continually with a fpring of living waters, to afford 
 frefh fupplies", the ftock of habitual Grace was to him like 
 water in the Pitcher or Ciftenr, but by Chrift's Covenant of 
 Suretifhip,- Grace is to us, as water in the Fountain, that can- 
 never run dry : J oh. 1. 16, And of his fulneft have all we recei- 
 ved, and grace for grace. And 4. 14, But the water that I 
 
 {hall give him y fhall be in him a well of water ff ringing up into 
 
 everlaftin? life. And 14.- 19, becanfe I live, ye fialllive alfb. 
 
 2 Cor .9.0, And God is able to make all grace abound towards you, 
 that ye always having alfujficiency in all things \pnay abound to every 
 good work^ 
 
 5. This Covenant of Suretifhip was neceflary for our efta- 
 blilhment. un4er this new difpeniation * that our Rights might 
 be in a lurer hand than our own : Man is a mutable thing, and 
 free-will is a tottering uncertain thing , as experience hath 
 taught*, but Chrift is a'fure foundation *, and holding of him, 
 or rather in him, is a lure tenure ; the Rights and Charters that 
 are under his cuftody, are well kept : And therefore God who 
 inftituted this difpeniation, did for the better fecuring of the 
 
 believers 
 
47 Vftbc Neceffitj df Chap. IL* 
 
 believers interefts, enter into Covenant with. a mighty refponfat 
 peribn,even Chrift^and coniblidates ourCovenant-right inChtift 
 our head, anddidtruft to his keeping and aniwering ail the in- 
 tents of the Magna Chart a, the great Charterof the Gofpel- 
 ■ covenant j hence it is that the Covenant of peace made with 
 us, is a fure Covenant , becaufe'tis thus ordered} Chrift acled 
 that bufineis in the Covenant of Redemption } there were mu- 
 tuaf- affurances given between the Father and the Son, which 
 makes all Covenant-dealing with us lure, and holds all faft, 
 Pfal. $p. $4, 35, My Covenant will I not breaks nor alter the 
 thing that is gone out of my lip. Once have 1 /worn by my 
 holme ft, that I mil not lye unto David. Hence 'tis, that the 
 bleflings and mercies of the Gofpel^covenant , are iiire mercies ; 
 becaufe there was concluded- Articles about them in this Cove- 
 nant of Suretifhip, when Chrift treated for his heirs and chil- 
 dren not yet born nor created, Ifa. 55. Sj4,-r-And I will 
 make an ever lafting Covenant with yon, even the Jure mercies of 
 David. Behold, I have given him for a witneft to the people, a 
 leader and commander to the people. Heb. 2. iy, — Behold f y and 
 the children which God,hath given me. Joh. 6. $.0,40, And this 
 is the fathers will which bath fern me*. that -of all which he hath 
 given me+ I jhould lofe nothings but fiould raife, it urp at the lafi- 
 day. And this is the will of him that fent me, that every one 
 which feeth the Son, and believeth on him > may have everlafting 
 l{fe } and 1 will raife him up at the lafl day. , O what ftrong and 
 everlafting coniblation hath God allowed upon his people 
 fromtheie immutable and everlafting grounds ! Heb* 6. 17, 18, 
 }fherein God, willing more abundantly to fiiew unto the heirs of 
 promife the immutability of his counfely confirmed it by an oath.* 
 That by two immutable things, in which it wasimpoJftblefprGod 
 to lye, we might have a ftrong confolation, who have fled for refuge 
 to lay hold upon the hope Jet before us. 2 Theff. 2. 16, Now 
 our' Lord Jefus Chrift himfelf,and God, even our father which hath 
 loved us, and hath given us everlafting confolation^ and good hope, 
 through grace, &c 
 
 C\ This Covenant with Chrift,was neceflary - ? not only for the 
 eniuring our bleffednefs by this new Gofpel-diipeniation • but 
 for the bettering of tba.t blefledneis and glonous ftate unto 
 which we are advancec) by this Covenant . I fay, the blefTed- 
 nefs, the glory, thjp heaven of the redeemed people , of the 
 
 mam 
 
Chap. II. the Covenant of Redemption. 46 
 
 many Sons, who are by the force of this Covenant brought t$ 
 glory, Heb.2. 10 , is better than the reward and crown of 
 blefTedneis which man fhould have enjoyed by the tenor of the 
 Covenant of works ; and this bettering, it hath from Chrift's 
 Covenant of Suretifhip withGod,which was the chief caufe why 
 this Gofpel-difpenfation is a better Covenant than that of the Law 
 of works •, and the promifes thereof are better promifes, and 
 the crown and heaven thereof a better crown •, even becauie 
 Chrift is in this Covenant, and the foundation of it was laid in 
 his Suretifhip •, by this means the blefTedneis and heaven of this 
 Covenant is bettered : For, 1 . It is the glory of new heavens, 
 created of purpofe for the refidence of the, redeemed, in the 
 company of him that redeemed them by his own blood , 
 Z Pet. 3. 1 $, Neverthelef, we according to his promife, lool^for 
 new heavens , and a new, earth , wherein dwelleth righteoptfnejt. 
 Rev. 2*1. 1, 5, And If aw a new heaven and a new earth , for the 
 fir ft heaven and the fir ft earth were pajfedaway, and there was no 
 more fea* And he that fate upon the throne , faid , Behold, I 
 makg all things new. Joh. 14. 2, 5, In my Father's honfe are many 
 manpons, &c. And if I go and prepare a place for yen, I will 
 come again and receive yon unto my felf\ that where I am, there 
 ye may be alfo. Whereas the bleflednefs and glory of man by Mr. Ball rruu 
 the Law-Covenant (if it was any thing beyond an immortality of the Covenant. 
 of blefTedneis and enjoyment or God in an earthly Paradiie-,£ 2 * ^/l\t 
 which is queftionedby Tome) fhould yet have been in this old U^Tbif^! " 
 or firft heavens, not in thefe new ones. 2. It is the glory ofAfr.Baxt.^J&a- 
 a Paradife wherein is the tree of life, and the river of the water ^/^ P« $• 
 of life, which were not Ingredients of the Law-glory j neither 
 were placed in the firft Paradife. Rev. 2.7, To him that over - 
 cometh will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midft 
 of the Paradife of God. And 7. l j y -~~and Jhall lead them unto 
 living fountains of waters. And 22. \,2, And he Jhewed me 
 a pure river of water of life , clear as criftal, proceeding out of 
 the throne of God, and of the Lamb. In the midft oftheftreet of- 
 it, and of either fide of the river was there the tree of life, which 
 bare twelve manner of fr nits, and yielded her fruit every month', 
 and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the Nations, 
 3. Itfra heaven and glory where the new Song is Tung, and 
 wheretheMufitiansareall redeemed, and where the meeting 
 of thefe redeemed ones to fing together, is the Tweeter, that 
 
 they 
 
4$ Of the Necejfitji of Chap. If. 
 
 they once were ail loft, and that they came ont of tribulation 
 and a Land of fighing, I fa. $5. 10, And the ran famed of the 
 Lord Jhall return and come to-Zion with fongs and everlafting 
 joy upon their heads *, they jhall obtain \oy andgladnef, andforrcw 
 and fighing flail fee away. Rev. 5. 9, And they fung a new 
 fong, faying^ Thou art worthy to takg the book^ and to of en the 
 feats thereof^ for thou wafl Jlain, and haft redeemed us to God 
 by thy blood out of every kindred , and tongue , and people , and 
 nation. But there fhould not have been any new Song> nor 
 redeemed Muficians in the glory and heaven of Law-dilpenfk- 
 tion. 4. It is a heaven and glory wherein all the Inhabitants 
 wear crowns ; for Chrift hath made them kings unto God, and to 
 
 hi* Father, Rev. 1 . 6. And 2. 1 o, Be thou faithful unto death f 
 
 and I will give thee a crown of life \ but there fhould have been 
 
 no crowns worn in thefirftParadife; nor fhould the hapjpinefs 
 
 thereof have amounted fo highasa crown and a throne.; there 
 
 being no occafion for it, nor any promiie to that effeit. 5. It 
 
 is a heaven and glory, where the Inhabitants are all conquerors, 
 
 each hath a palm in his hand, in fign of his victory, Rev. 7. 9, — 
 
 cloathedwith white robes, and palms in their hands ; this Garland 
 
 fhould not have been in the firft Covenant-glory ; where there 
 
 was no fighting, there could be" no victory , at lead over the 
 
 world, and fin and death. 6. It is a heaven and glory, where 
 
 all the Inhabitants are cloathed with long white robes, and with 
 
 fine linnen clean and white, Rev. 7. 1 3, — What are thefe which 
 
 Are arrayed in white robes, and whence came they I And 19. 8, 
 
 jindto her was granted, that fl)e Jlmdd be arrayed in fine linnen^ 
 
 clean and white : for the linnen is the righteoufnefi of Saints } 
 
 but there fhould have been no fuch robes in the Law-heaven : 
 
 whatfoever fhining-beauty and whitenefs fhould have been on 
 
 Adam's skin, yet there Thould have been there no garments of 
 
 glory, no righteoufnefs fhould have been worn there, but that 
 
 which fhould have been of our own working. 7. It is a heaven 
 
 wherein there is a throne for the Lamb , where the man Chrift 
 
 in our nature is upon the throne, where the greateft beauty of 
 
 all the Kingdom, and the moft highly exalted perfon, is the man 
 
 Chrift^ where the Lord Mediator is the glorious light of all the 
 
 Land, Rev. 3. 7, he that openeth and no man flsutteth+and 
 
 Jhutteth and no man openeth . And 21.22,23, And I faw no tem- 
 ple therein j for the Lord God almighty and the lamb, are the 
 
 temple 
 
Chap, II. the Covenant of Redemption. 49 
 
 temple of it. And the City had no need of the Sun, neither of the 
 ■Moon to jhine in it *, for the glory of God did lighten it) and the 
 Lmb is the light thereof And -f. 1 2, Worthy is the lamb that Was 
 fain , to receive power , and riches, andwifdom, and ftrength,and 
 glory, and honour, and ble fling; there was no ilich glory in the 
 rirft Covenantor in the heaven thereof :, which no doubt fhould 
 have made it lefs glorious, and fpeaks forth the greater glory of 
 this latter Covenant- happineis. 8. It is a heaven that was pur- 
 chafed at a dear rate, that was the price of blood \ for which 
 Chrift payed a condign price, i Pet. i. 18, 19, For as much at ye 
 know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things , but 
 With the preciom blood of Chrift as of a lamb without blemifti, and 
 without Jpot -, but the Law-heaven and glory? fhould have been 
 obtained at an eafier rate*, working,without the price of blood, 
 fhould have done that bufinels-, the different price fhews the 
 different value, y. It is a heaven wherein is a lovely and nume- 
 rous afTembty, a fair myilical body, whereof Chrift is the 
 head, and whereof each redeemed Soul is a member. O fo lovely 
 a Company with the Captain of their Salvation ! lb glorious a 
 body with their glorious head 1 fo beautiful a bride with lb fair 
 a husband ! fuch a lovely couple, iiich a body corporate, fuch a 
 compleat fociety, when Chrift myftical is perfected, and all the 
 members compared together, and joyned unto their glorious 
 and blefTed head ! Eph. 4. 1 1, Till we all come in the unity of the 
 faith, and of the knowledg of the Son of God, unto a per f eft man^ 
 unto the me afar e of the ft at ure of the fulnefs of Chrift. . And 5. 27, 
 7 hat he might pre fent it to him] elf a glorious Church , not having 
 jpot or wrinkle, or any fuch thing *, but that it fhould be holy and 
 without blemifh. Heb. 12. 2$, To the general a ffembly and church 
 of the firft born, which are written in heaven, and to Godthejudg 
 of all, and to thefpirits of ytft men made per feci * 7 And to Jefus 
 the Mediator of the new Covenant. Rev. 19. 7, Let us be glad 
 and rejoyce , and give honour to him *, for the marriage of the 
 Jiamb is come, and his wife hath made her felf ready. But there 
 fhould have been no fuch body-corporate in the Law-heaven, no 
 iuch myftical body of Chrift, no marriage of the Lamb, nor any 
 melodious re joycing at thatfolemnity. I conclude therefore, that 
 the glory,and crown,and heaven of theCovenantofiledemption, 
 is b.etter,and v fitrmore glorious, than fhould have been the lot of 
 man* by Law-righteoufhefs and works, without ChrhTsSure- 
 tifrip. H 7. This 
 
50 Of the Necejfity oft he Covenant, &c. Chap, II. 
 
 7. This Covenant was necefTary, for having in readinefs a 
 Phyfitian, before we fhould be tick *, God forefaw and had de- 
 creed man's fall, and his rifing again *, and he well knew that it 
 would be a wretched hopeleis condition, for man to provide a 
 Phyfitian to himielf, and to have him to feek when his* fickneii 
 fhould be defparate *, he therefore by a forefight and providence 
 of pure, foveraign, free, tranfeendent Grace, did provide one ; 
 and indeed it was neceilary for our good, that it fhould be fo \ 
 for had man fallen fick of fin , before this Covenant for 
 fending a healer to him, he had died ere the core could 
 come. 
 
 8. This Covenant was necefTary for cutting off all matter 
 and occafion of felf-gloriation from man in his own Redemptioa 
 and Salvation ', for if the bufinefs of our Redemption and Sal' 
 vation was tranfa&ed , concluded , done and ended betwixt 
 Jehovah 2sA Chrift, without our knowledg or confent, before 
 we had a Being *, what have we to boaft of ? If the agreement 
 ahout the price to be payed and accepted, tarried not for man ; 
 wherein can we glory that we have contributed to our own 
 happinefs ? zTim.i. 9, Who hathfavedus, and called hs with 
 an holy calling , not according to owe works , but according tQ 
 his own purpofe and grace which was given us in Chrifl Jefm 
 before tfre world began .Eph.2. io^For we are his workpanfoip crea- 
 ted in Chrifi Jefus unto good work*-, which God hath before ordain- 
 fdjhat we fiould walkjn them. 1 Joh. 4. 10, 1 9, Herein is love? 
 not that we loved God ; but that he loved us, and fern his So# to k* 
 the propitiation for qht fins.—*W6 love him , bscatife be firfi 
 Uvedns. 
 
 ' ' . . " ' ! ■ "*» ■ 
 
 
 chap; 
 
Chap. III. \ 5* 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 Of the Nature , Properties, and Parties of the 
 Covenant of Redemption. 
 
 THE general Nature of this Covenant is common to it, 
 with ail other Covenants \ whatibever different peculi- 
 arity they have, this is effential and common to all Covenants , 
 they are Agreements : and this is an eternal tranfa&ioh and 
 agreement betwixt Jehovah and the Mediator Chrifl, about the 
 work of our Redemption. 
 
 The peculiar propriety of its nature, will appear by enquiring 
 a^Kttle into* I. The various eternal a&s of the will of God that 
 concurred to make up this agreement. 2. The diftinttion and 
 order of thefe eternal a£s of his will, and the right manner of 
 our conceiving of them. 
 
 i. Suppofing, as we have faid before, that God purpofedm 
 hifflfelf not to lave man without a fatisfa&ion to his Jufticet 
 Thefe eternal ails of the will of God, or rather the things which 
 we conceive under thefe various acts, and their denominations 
 among menffor we need not mul tiply a&s in this matter , but fp$ 
 the helping our own underftanding) did concur and meet toge- 
 ther in this agreement. I. The defignation of a Perfon to do 
 this work ; there muft needs have been a Perfon fet apart and 
 defigned from eternity unto the doing of the work of Redemp- 
 tion, and this Perfon was the Son only •, not the Father, nor the 
 Spirit, iJVr. 1.20, Who verily was fore-ordained before the 
 foundation of the world \ but was manifefled in thefe laft times for 
 you. 2. The preparation and fitting of the Perfon fct ap?rtto 
 take our Law-place, and room, that Juftice might finite him 
 in our ftead •, which alio was by an eternal a£t of the will of God 
 decreed, that the Son of God fhould be Immamel y Cod with us, 
 or God made manifeft in theflefh,\fa . 7. 14. 1 Tim .3.16, and unto 
 this incarnation o* the Son of God, his own words have refe- 
 rence, as unto the grand qualification whereby he was defti- 
 nated before-hand, that he might be in a capacity to do this, 
 Vior^Jtifeb. 10. $ y A body baft thou prepared me* 3. The calling 
 
 H 2 of 
 
] 1 Of the Nature of Chap. II L 
 
 of the Perfon defigncd : calling is an a£l different from defolia- 
 tion, 'tis fomething further. Chriftwas by : n eternal act of 
 God's will called to this work, and that long before he came 
 into the world, Pfal. 89. 1 9, Then thou f pake fl in vifion to thy 
 holy One, and f aid ft, I have laid help upon one that is mighty, 
 I have exalted one chofen out of the people . And I fa . 42. 6, / the 
 Lord have called thee in righteoufnef, and will hold thine hand, 
 And will keep thee, and give thee for a Covenant of the people, for 
 a light of the Gentiles, Heb- 5. 5, So alfo Chrifi glorified not him- 
 (elf to be made an highpriefi ; but he thatfaid unto him, Thou art 
 my Son, to day have J begotten thee. 4. The inverting of the 
 Perfon defigned, with offices, powers and authorities, for the 
 doing of this work, fuch as his Mediatory-office, and the powers 
 and authorities thereunto belonging, which was notfufpended 
 until the time of his actual diichargeof the offices of King,Priert, 
 and Prophet *, but by an eternal acl of the will of God, he was 
 fet up and verted with thefe offices and powers from everlafting, 
 and had the glory of thedefrgned, called , inverted Mediator; 
 as he plainly infinuates, Prov. 8. 23, I was fet up from evcrlafi- 
 ing, faith Wifdom ; feveral Expoiltors render it, / was called, or 
 I was annointed. Joh. 1 7. 5, And now, O Father , ghorifie thou 
 me with thine own felf, with the glory which I had with thee be- 
 fore the world was. 5,. The million of the Son, Chriftdefigned, 
 fitted, called,, inverted for this work, was alio by an eternal 
 actiathe counfel of God,fent to do this work j he had a folema 
 eternal, authoritative miflion, a command to go, and was bid- 
 den go *, he had the will of God by an eternal act or commiffion 
 given out to him concerning all this work, long before he was 
 actually made under the Law ; to which he hath refpeel:, when 
 he faith, Lo, J come to do thy will, God, Heb-io. 7. even that 
 will of God that was in the book of his eternal decrees, 
 Joh. 6. 39 , And this is the Fathers will which hath fent me. 
 And 10. 18, This Commandment ha& I received of my Father : 
 But in all thefe, we do notfo much multiply the diitinclion of 
 acts, as we take notice of the diftin&ion and difference of 
 Phrafe uted by the Holy Ghoft, fpeaking of this myrterie in the 
 Scriptures. Upon the other part, there concurred unto this 
 agreement , an eternal perianal confent and compliance upon 
 Christ's part, unto all thefe eternal acts of the will of God } 
 for Chrifi God) equal with the Father, does not begin to con- 
 
 tent. 
 
Chap. IN* the Covenant cf Redemption. 53 
 
 fent and agree unto any thing in time , nor can the eternal Son 
 ©f God will any thing in time, which he did not will and confent 
 unto from eternity. But Chrift wasprefent with the Father, 
 and did from eternity confent and agree to thefe eternal acls. 
 1. To the defignation of himlelf to be the perlbn that fhould 
 fatibfie the Juftice of God , he heartily acquiefced and offered 
 himfeif , he faid, Lo, I come to do thy will, Heb. 10. 5, 7. He 
 poured out his SohI unto death. Ha. 5$. 12. 2. He contented 
 unto the putting himfeif in that low capacity that the working 
 of this work required , Heb. 2. 7^ Thou madeft him a little 
 lower than the Angels ; to leave the throne of glory , and come 
 down to his footftool, there to be in difgrace ; the Lord of the 
 Law, to be made under the Law-, Gal. 4. 4. the holy one that 
 knew no fin, to be madeintheHkenefi of ftnful flejij, Rom. 8. 5. 
 Phil. 2. 6, 7, 8, Who being in the form of God, thought it not 
 robbery to be equal with God. And being found in fajhion as, 
 a. man, he humbled himfeif, and became obedient unto death, even 
 the death of the Crofs. 3. He consented and agreed unto the 
 eternal aft of his calling to this work ^ no iboner was it his Fa- 
 thers will thai he fhould travel in the bufinefs, but it was his 
 aJfo.. He was as a ready Servant, whole ear was bored in token * 
 of his love and willingnels to' ferve his Matter, when he might 
 have been free, Pfal. 40. 6, Mine ears haft thou opened or bored. 
 Ifa. 50. 5,6, The Lord hath opened mine ears , and I was not re- 
 bellious, neither turned away back: 4- He contented to the ta- 
 king on thefe offices and trufts that the work of our Redemp- - 
 tion required *,there was no force nor conftraint upon, no necefTi- 
 ty of nature that he fhould ftep in betwixt the difagreeing par- 
 ties, that he fhould ftep into the fire that we had kindled, that . 
 he .fhould make himfeif a Sacrifice for our fins , that he fhould 
 receive a difpenfatory Kingdom ; but frankly and freely he con- 
 tented to do all thefe th^gs, Job. \o. 18, No man takcth my 
 life from me *, but I lay it down of my felf. Joh. 1 7. 2, As thou j 
 haft given him power over all fiefl), that he fhould give eternal life t9 
 as many as thou haft given him. Pr ov *. 8. . 2 $, / < was fet up from ■ 
 everlafting,from the beginning, or ever the earth was. 5. He con- • 
 tented unto his mfTion, his Father's fending of him , and was - 
 well content to go that errand *, yea, to hearty was his content, 
 that he took delight in it, Pfal. 40. 8, ./ dtlight to do thy will, . 
 Q my God; yea r thy Law is- within my heart. Joh. 4. $4 ; J*fas*\ 
 
 faith 
 
54 ^ Of the Nature of Chap. HI} 
 
 ^u>£ unto them , my meat is to do the mil of him that fent me, and 
 tofimjh his wo>\. And to all thefe things he gives a perfonal con- 
 fent from eternity, and with fo much delight, that he folaced 
 himfelf, and took pleaiiire in the future accomplishment of thefc 
 eternal afts of the will of God concerning the Sons of men, 
 Prov. 8. 23, 50, 3 1 , / was fet up from everlafting, from the 
 beginning, or ever the earth was. Then I was by him as one brought 
 up with him y and J was daily his de tight , rejoycing always before 
 him: Rejoycing in the habitable part of his earthy and my delights 
 were with the Sons of men. This is the nature of this eternal 
 tranfaclion, which will appear alfo more clearly afterward from 
 the tenor of this Covenant, with the reciprocal engagements of 
 the parties. 
 
 2. Concerning the diftinclioft and order of thefe eternal 
 acts of the will of God , and for preventing grots and unbe- 
 coming thoughts of them *, I give thefe cautions. 1. All the 
 a&sof God's will, his decrees, and eternal tranfa&ion with 
 Chrifl:, are in regard of God, one moft firnple and pure a& of 
 his will '■) but in legard of our conceptions of them , who cart- 
 not take up many particular a&s together in one^ they are di- 
 ftinguifhed and exprefled fo in the word, that we may take 
 them up diftineT:!y : The Lord in his way of exprefling thefc 
 great myfteries of the counfel of his will, accommodating him- 
 felf to our way of conceiving things : we are therefore accord- 
 ingly to take heed how we conceive of the diftinttion of a&s 
 in the eternal counfel of God's will. 2. When we fpeak of the 
 order of thefe eternal ael:s, we mean only the order of Nature, 
 and which of thefe a&s are to be conceived by us antecedaneous 
 to the reft in that refpecV, for there is no order of time, no 
 priority nor pofteriority of that kind among the decrees of 
 God, and ads of his will, which are all eternal. 
 
 $. We are to conceive of this order (which only agreeth to 
 the decrees of God) according to thefe rules: 
 
 1. According to the futurition of things*, that is, thefe 
 decrees and eternal a&s of the will of God about things ad extra 
 without, which do luppofe the futurition of things about which 
 thefe decrees are pad; thefe decrees (I fay) do necefTarily fiip- 
 pole lbme other a&s of the will of God antecedent to thefe in 
 order of nature , whence the things fuppofed in that decree^ 
 had their futurition *, for 'tis to me above queftion,, thai things 
 
 which 
 
Chap. III. the Covenant of Redemption* $ $ 
 
 which did not exift from eternity,had their/uturition no where, 
 but from the decrees of God's will, which made them future 
 things before they exifted ; neither is it poflible that God could 
 foreiee any thing as future, before his decree, and ibme act of 
 his will gave it futurition *, whatioever the device of Scientia 
 media, tell us to the contrary. And according to this rule, we 
 fay , the decree of God's entering in Covenant with man , 
 whether by Law or Grace , does iuppofe ibme antecedaneous 
 aft of the will of God ( in order of nature ) concerning 
 the Creation of man , fome decree whence man had a fu- 
 turition, and exifted in the prefcience of God as a future 
 thing. 
 
 2. We may conceive of the order of the decrees of God, 
 according as he orders things in execution, by that rule fo much 
 madeufe of by the Learned Dr. Twifi } Qnodpriw eftininten-'Xmft. VhL 
 tione yofterm eft in executione & contra : that which is rlrft in the£ r * f/ * & P* 
 intention of God, is laft in the execution } and that which is laft r# * DiVin ' 
 in the intent, is firft in the execution. Underftand this rule, a* 
 that Author doth , without lubordination of the co-ordinate 
 means whereby God intended to make himfelf glorious in the 
 way of mercy and juftice ; and according to this rule, we fay 
 that Gcd firft decreed the glorifying of his mercy and juftice 
 upon all mankind , before he decreed any thing concerning his 
 creation,. or his fall: for the creation and fall of man, were 
 firft in execution , before juftice and mercy was glorified 
 in him. 
 
 }. Another rule (which-alfoisacpalificationoftheformer) 
 is, that thefe eternal acls of the will of God which rejpicinnt 
 finem, relate to the end, are in this • ind of order before •, thefe 
 a&s of his will which rejpicimt media relate unto the means 
 which lead unto thefe ends, Et iilud cfuodbabet rati cm em finis eft 
 prim , tjHod vero hafoe ifrationem medU' left pofterws *, And that 
 which hath the place of tbc enct, istheifirft ? and that which 
 hath the place of the mean, is laft in order among the eternal 
 afts of God's will. And this rule holds not only with refpeft 
 to the fupream and chief end i, to wit, God's glorifying of him- 
 felf h the way of manifefting his mercy and ju^ice , which is 
 firi 1 in order among the eternal 'afts'of the will of God rela- 
 ting to man*, and all f he other arts of his will , concerning the 
 creation, fall, fending of Chrift, &c± (which are co ordinate 
 
 means 
 
5^ Of the Katun of Chap. III. 
 
 meanstn refpect of this fupream end, to which they are fubor- 
 omate): Thefe, I lay, are porter ior in this kind of order, amono 
 the decrees of God, and eternal acts- of his will j but this rule 
 holds alio hi refpect of that iubordination that may be con- 
 ceived among thefe acts of the will of God, about the creation 
 and kill of man, and the fending of Chrift (which are co-ordi- 
 nate means in re.ipccl.of thi iupream end before-mentioned) - 7 
 yetbecaufe one of thefe may have, the place of an end, with 
 refpect to another of thefc fame co-ordinate means, which may 
 be alfo a means for carrying on fome next immediate end, as well 
 as the Iupream ultimate end *, as the .Salvation of the elect is a 
 mean fublervient to the great end of glorifying Grace , and yet 
 maybe, and is alfo, an end of God's lending Chrift*, [b that 
 the lending of Chrift, bbothameanlubordinate to the glory 
 of Grace, and the Salvation of God's elect people. Now, I 
 . fay, which way foever we look .upon thi acts of God's wili 
 about the glorifying of his juftice and mercy on Mankind , we 
 are dill to conceive of the eternal acts of his will , that reipect 
 ihe ends which he has propofed to himfelf , .both Iupream and 
 fubordinate, as firft in order ", and thefe acts of his will that 
 relate to the means, as laft : for God firft purpofed the end, then 
 * the means that lead to it. 
 
 By this time it may appear that there is no great caufe to con- 
 tend for the order and diftinction of thefe eternal acts of the 
 will of God-, that concurred to the making up this eternal tran- 
 fact ion betwixt Jehovah and the Mediator, fince they are all 
 co-ordinareactsof the counfcislJiiiMvill, and means for the 
 carrying on the glory of his marry! -and juftice in laving man. 
 This much ismanifeft, i. That the Covenant of Redemption 
 made with Chrift, doth iuppofe other eternal acts of the will of 
 God, about the laving of man uv t^ie w^ of fatisfaction to. 
 juftice, &c. whereof .Ivhavefpoken before, Cha.p+2. 2. That i 
 rhe designation, calling, and eternal tfiiflion of the Son of Grid 
 todo this work, muftin order be before the; perfon defigned 
 and called, gave his actual confent, and clofed the bargain from 
 eternity. And if any will contend about the. order of theie 
 eternal acts before-mentioned , I do not fee why we may not 
 fitly conceive of them in this order, defignipg,. fallings fir'ting y \ 
 tnvefting, fending of Chrift j thefe were 't,he eternal atitspfthe 
 will ofGod,. which were entertained- by the Son of God. 
 
 mth confent and delegation. The 
 
 % m - 
 
Chap. III. thcCovcttant of ktdewption* 57 
 
 The Properties of the Covenant of Redemption, are, SeeMr.iwfcp/.- 
 Freedom, Graciouihefs , Eternity, Equality, Order, ^^t ' 2 
 Stability. \ c . ia .' V 
 
 1. The Covenant that was tranfafted betwixt Jehovah and. 
 Chrift, was a moft free Covenant : it was an aft of meer liberty 
 and foveraign freedom. There was eminent freedom upon both 
 (ides, in both the parties Covenanting. 1. Upon the Father's 
 fide fabftrafting from his own decrees and purpofes) , it was 
 free to Jehovah to have followed a drift Law-courfe according 
 to the rigour of the Covenant of works ; or to follow a Goip.el- 
 way of mitigation and condefcenfion as pleaied. him •, it was 
 free to him to fend, or not to fend a Saviour to f uffex for man ? 
 to take a fatisfaftion by a Surety, or only in the Soul that finned, 
 as pleaied him. 2. Upon Chrift's part, it was as free to him to 
 be a luffering Redeemer and Surety, or nor,, as pleafed him y 
 to undertake the work of our Redemption, or not to under- 
 take it i to humble himfelf unto this feryice, or not *, to go this 
 errand, or not, as pleafed him. Hence 'tis oblerved,that it was Jo, Cocc. Sum- 
 o therwife with the fccond- jidam, than with the firft; foritwas™ DUf - jj*;' 
 not free to Jdamto withdraw from, or to deny iubjeftion to^/ c 5 ' Sc "*' 
 the firft Covenant '•> neither could he withdraw; himfelf from the 
 Law of Nature, nor flight the promife thereof, without the 
 violation of that Law : "but the Son of God was free, and tyed 
 by no Law antecedent to his own confent., . 
 
 This Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is eftablifhed 
 and confirmed, i.Fromthefe Scriptures which attribute this 
 traniaftionto the free pleafure and foveraign freedom 7 of bath 
 parties, the father and Chrift :, therefore the Scripture fpeak- 
 ing of God's eternal traniaft ions with Chrift about our Re- 
 demption, doth fo frequently call them, deeds and afts of will, 
 and of the Father's pleafure •, and that the whole procedure 
 was according to his good flea/are./, and the pleafure of his mll y 
 Eph. I. 5. 9. And Col. 1. 19, It pleafed the Father that in him 
 fjonld all fdnefs dwell. 2 Tim. 1.9, according to his pnrpofe 
 and grace, &o And upon the other part, Chrift's conceflions 
 in this matter, are attributed to his meer will and liberty, 
 ThiL 2. 6,-7, 8j Who being in the form of God, having the very 
 fame divine effence which the father hath, thought it not robbery 
 to be equal with God •, counted it no uiurpation to carry himfelf 
 as God, equal with the Father \ made himfelf of no refutation \ 
 
 1 t** frcd y 
 
58 Of the freedom of Chap. I H 
 
 freely, and of his own accord, be humble dhmfelfc not ufing 
 nor manifefting the glory that wascompetent to him, anJtook^ 
 nyon him the form of a fervant\ he took upon him a real fer- 
 vice in the uiTumption of the humane nature, for the ends he 
 ailumed i^andwasmadeinthelikenefofmen ; and inthisfervice 
 he did behave himielf, as other men , and futably to that em- 
 ployment, and not as equal with God, which was his natural 
 condition; and while he was in that habit and condition, he 
 obeyed urn o the death of the Crop. All this he afted with emi- 
 nentfreedom En time \ and confented to with like freedom from 
 eternity, where he freely took upon him whatfoever he a&ecl 
 within time. 
 
 2. If it was free with God, whether he would give to man a 
 Being, and whether he would conclude this in the counfel of 
 his will from eternity", or not, as pleafed him - fure it was 
 alfo free to God whether he would fend a Saviour to him 
 when he fhould be loll , or not , as pleafed him : Now 
 'tis manifeit. that it was free with God, whether he would ib 
 much as give toman a being->for he was under no neceflity to cre- 
 ate the World, or Men, or Angels, all which are for his plea- 
 sure*, and therefore are whatfoever they are, by his pleafure, 
 Rev. 4.. ii, Thou haft created all things , and for thy pleafure 
 they are and were created. 
 
 I. If it was free to God from eternity , whether he would 
 chufe objects in Mankind , to magnifie his Grace and Mercy 
 upon, when he had purpoied to create Angels and men •, or whe- 
 ther he would let them all perifh , and not take^ny of their 
 natures upon him ; then the Covenant of Suretnhip hath this 
 property of freedom*, but it is manifeft that it was free with 
 God from eternity, whether he would recover any of the race 
 of fallen man, or not, as pleafed him -, fincehe wasnomoretyed 
 to Men than to Angels, to whom he fent no Saviour when they 
 fell, nor hath defigned any of the fallen Angels unto Redemp- 
 tion, 2 Pet. i. 4, For if God fpared not the Angels that firmed? 
 but cafl them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of dark^ 
 nefs, to be referved unto the day of Judgment. Heb. 2. 16, For 
 verily he took^ not on him the nature of Angels rj but he took^ upon 
 him the feed of Abraham. It remains therefore, that the Cove- 
 nant of Redemption is an ac"l of foveraighty and freedom upon 
 God's part who defigned a Redeemer, and upon Chrift's part 
 who confented unto the defignation. 4- This 
 
Chap. III. the Covenant of Redemption. 59 
 
 .4. This Property of the Covenant of Redemption is further 
 confirmed, by the negation and removal of all things contrary 
 to ibveraign freedom. 1. There was nothing from himielf 
 (abftrafting from his own decrees, and love-defigns) that could 
 trench upon the freedom of this eternal act of his will - for there 
 was no neceflity of nature upon Jehovah , nor upon the Son of 
 God, that did determine God to enter in this Covenant (as is 
 already cleared). 2. There was nothing from without that 
 could trench upon the freedom of this eternal a£t ; as nothing 
 could neceflarily determine , io neither compel nor conftrain 
 Godtolayfuchalerviceuponhis own Son Chrift, nor himta 
 undertake it *, For 1 . This transaction having been from eterni- 
 ty, it was a concluded bargain before the creatures had a being* 
 Pro v. 8. 23, / was fet tip from everlaftingy from the beginning, 
 or ever the earth was. 2. Put cafe they had then had a being -, 
 what could the bejng of Men and Angels, and all the works of 
 his hands have trenched upon the ibveraign freedom of their 
 
 Makers will and actings ? for who hath reffted his will? hath 
 
 not the potter power over the clay i Rom. 9. 19, 21. 3, The Fa- 
 ther and the Son were not only free from all natural neceflity 
 and outward compulfion *, but alio from all hire, allurement or 
 motive from any thing without their own will, there was no- 
 thing in man, no not foreieen, that could allure or move*, far 
 lef s hire the Father to give Chrift, to engage him in this work, . 
 nor. Chrift t® engage his name in our bond 5 fince he well forefaw 
 what it would coft him : It's true he values his feed as a fatisfy- 
 ing return of his travel, I fa. 5 3. 1 1* He jhall fee of the travel 
 of his fouly and jhall be fatisfied *, but befide that, there is no 
 proportion betwixt his work, and this poor wages : was man a 
 price for the Lord of glory to work for ? or was he a reward for 
 him to wreftle for ? could he be hired for io low a wager , if 
 the foveraign freedom of his own will had not a£led him? 
 Confider, 1 lay, who gave this price to- the Lord -.did man 
 give himfelf to the Lord, or did the Lord give his elect people 
 to Chrift from eternity, and afterward he is the firft giver alio ? 
 Now there can be no hire given by man to the Lord, unlefs he 
 were the fir ft giver, Row. 11. 35, For who hath fir fl given to-him^ 
 and it jhall be recommenced to him again I 1 Chr. 29. 14 , Of 
 thine own have we given thee. Jer. 30. 21, And I will caufe 
 him to draw neer , and he jhall approach unto me • for who is 
 
 ' I 2 he 
 
60 Of the Gracioufnefs of Chap. IH. 
 
 he that ewawth his heart to approach unto me , faith the 
 XM» .'!'? : 
 
 2. Another Property of this Covenant is Gracioufnefs it Ts 
 not only the Covenant tranfatted withus,the Gofpel-Covemnt, 
 that is, pure Grace:, but this alio that was tranlatted betwixt 
 Jehovah and Chrift, even while it was vet in hispurpofe, and as 
 it was the eternal acl of his will, is frequently called x*?'' 
 IvfcKHty Grace and his good pleaftire, or gracious plea/are, Eph. I . 
 5, 6, 9. 2 Tim. 1.9',- his purpoje and grace. 1 Now Gntci6u J 
 is attributed to the Covenant of Redemption, in a far other 
 fenfe than 'tis attributed to the Covenant of reconciliation : 
 For, 1. Gracioufnefs is attributed to the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, in regard of both Parties tranf acting 5 it was pure Grace 
 that determined both the Parties, and engaged them both *, the 
 Father to tend, and the Son to come-, andthis Grace was equally 
 in both the Parties, and did fhine equally and by way of effi- 
 ciency in them both, Zech. 6. 11, The court fel of peace was be- 
 tween them both. But gracioufnefs is attributed to the Cove- 
 rant of reconciliation V becaufe of the fhining glory and acti- 
 vity of the Grace of God through Jeius Chrift, that is therein 
 manifefted \ which Grace is in us fubje&ively •, and though the 
 acts thereof be ours in a vital formal manner * 7 yet it is from 
 God byway of efficiency , and it is his Grace, not ours, from 
 which the Covenant hath its name of Grace, Tit. 2. it. i Tim.i. 
 14. Eph. 1. 6, 7. And 2. 5, 7,8. 1 Cor. 15. 10. 2. Graciouf- 
 nefs is attributed to the Covenant of Reconciliation *, not only 
 in regard of God's making fucha Covenant with us ', but alio 
 in regard of the tenor of that Covenant, and whole difpenfa- 
 tion '-, the promifes , conditions and reward therein is all pure 
 Grace ^ as the fame is oppofed unto, and contra-diftinguilhed 
 fromwerks, which fignifie nothing in that Covenant, as it is a 
 Court of Righteoufnefsand Life, Eph. 2. 8, 9, For by grace are 
 ye faved through faith-, and that not of 'your fehes y it is the gift 
 of God. Notofwork£-> left any man Jhonld boafl. But of this 
 Covenant of Redemption, Gracioufnefs is a property there- 
 of; mainly, becaufe of the reafons following *, but not becaufe 
 the whole tenor thereof, as well the conditions as promifes were 
 pure Grace confidered as fuch, and coDfra-diftinguifhed from 
 works: For though pure Grace made this Covenant ofRedemp- 
 tion j yet the condition thereof upon both fides were works. 
 
 1. Chrift 
 
"Chap. 1IT. the Covenant 6f Redemption. 6t 
 
 i . Chrift is a doer and fulfiiler of the Covenant of works moft 
 exactly in all points, both the command, and the curie and pe- 
 nalty of the Covenant, is fatisfied by him ; this is works , and 
 this was the condition required upon his part, Heb. 10. y,Then 
 faidl, to I come, in the volume of the booh^it is written of me , U 
 do thy will, O God. Gal. $. 13, Chrifl hath redeemed us from 
 the curfe of the Law, being made a curfe for us. 
 
 2. Chrift as a doer and obedient fulfiller of the Law, hath a 
 reward in Juftice by the promiie of this Covenant : For (' I 
 humbly conceive) he had his reward of debt, and merit, ha- 
 ving payed a condign price to the Juftice of God \ therefore his 
 reward is due to him, by commutative Juftice, Phil. 2. 7, 8, But 
 made himfelf of no refutation, and took^ upon him the form of a 
 fcrvant, and was made in the hkenefl of 7 man ', And being found 
 in faflnon as a man , he humbled himfelf ', and became obedient 
 unto death, even the death of theCrofs ; wherefore Godalfo hath 
 highly exalted him, and is craved by him , Joh. 1 7. 4, 5, / have 
 glorified thee on earth, I have finijhed the work^which thou gave ft 
 me to do. And now, O Father , glorifie thou me with thine 
 own felf 
 
 But Gracioufnefs is attributed to the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion. 1. Efficiently, or in regard of the efficient caufe there- 
 of; the ipring whence it came was Grace , pure Grace, and 
 nothing elie made it and gave it a being } it was not only an att 
 of will, pleafure, freedom and foveraignty *, but an a& of 
 gracious will, and the good pleafure of his will, that made it, 
 Eph. 1. 5. Col. 1. 19. 
 
 2. Gracioufnefs is attributed to this Covenant ultimately, 
 in regard that the ultimate end and fcope thereof is the mani : 
 fefting the glory of the richnefs and freeneis of Grace •, tis a 
 defign of Grace that is driven and carried on in the Covenant 
 of Redemption , Eph. 1.6, To the praife of the glory of his 
 grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved. 2 Tim . 1 .9, 
 Who hath faved tts , and called us with an holy calling ; not 
 according to our works , but according to his own purpofe 
 "and grace which was given us in Chrifl Jefus before the 
 world began. 
 
 ^Gracioufnefs is attributed to the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, becaufe Grace was in it fundamentally *, the whole contri- 
 vance and diipenfation of Grace is bottomed upon this eternal 
 
 tran- 
 
62 Of the Gracioufnefs of Chap. III. 
 
 tranfaction, and turns upon the hinge of this Compaft betwixt 
 Jehovah and Chrift - t therefore all the mercies and faithfulriefs 
 of the Lord that we are made to ring of within time, are laid 
 upon this foundation, Tfal 8p. i, 2, u I mil frig of themir- 
 ctes of the Lord for ever , with my month will I make known 
 thy faithf nine fi to all generations. For I have J "aid , mercy 
 ft) all be built np for ever , thy fait hf nine fs Jhalt thou efta- 
 blijh in the very heavens. I have made a Covenant with 
 my chofen. 
 
 4. Gracioufnefs may be attributed to the Covenant of Re- 
 demption, becaufe Grace was here originally ; for here the flrfV 
 draughts of pure, foveraign, free Grace, and the unfearchable 
 riches thereof, were drawn and portrayed ; here is fountain- 
 Grace, and from thence came the ftreams ; here were the be- 
 ginnings of that noble defign of Grace laid , and from hence . 
 did th^y come forth , Col. 1. 26,27, Even the myfterie which 
 had been hid from ages and from generations * 7 but now is made 
 manifefl to his Saints. To whom God woald make known what is 
 the riches of the glory of this myfterie among the Gentiles, which is 
 Chrift in y oh , the hope of glory. 
 
 5. Gracioufnefs is attributed to the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, becaufe Grace is here comprehenfvely *, even all that God 
 hath been driving and acting upon the fpirits of his people, by 
 the Gofpel-covenant and Ordinances thereof, and the work of 
 his Spirit fince the beginning of the world *, and all that he fh&ll 
 do, until the day that the ranfomed and redeemed company be 
 perfected } even the whole plot of Grace,, is all comprifed in 
 this eternal tranfaelion with Chrift, and to it are we led as the 
 comprehenfion of all Covenant-grace and mercy, J fa. 55. ^, 
 Incline your ear and come unto me, hear, and your foul [hall live , 
 andlwillmfMe with yon an everlafting Covenant, even the fare 
 mercies of David. 
 
 6. Gracioufnefs is attributed to this Covenant,becaufe Grace 
 is here eminently z, and indeed if the comparifon might be fitly 
 made, pure Gofpel free Grace is more in the Covenant of Re- 
 demption, than in the Covenant of Reconciliation -, for 'tis in* 
 the Covenant of Redemption principally , as water is in the 
 fountain ', and in the Covenant of Reconciliation by participa- 
 tion, andconfequentially \ becaufe God was in Chrift, reconci- 
 ling the world to himfelf by that Covenant j therefore he is now 
 
 in 
 
Chap. TIL 'the Covenant 'of ^Redemption* 63 
 
 in Chrifl: reconciling the world to himfelf by this Covenant of 
 reconciliation, 2 Cor, 5. 19,20,21 , God was in Chrifl recon- 
 ciling the world unto himfelf, not imputing their trefpaffes unto 
 them , and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. 
 Now then we arc ambajfadors for Chrifl , as though God did 
 befeech you by us, weprayyouinChrifls flead, be ye reconciled 
 unro God ', for he hath made him to be fin for us, who knew no fin, 
 that we might be the right eoufnef of God in him. 
 
 7. Gracioufnefs is attributed to the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, b:caufe Grace was therein exemplarily ; for hereby God 
 did aft Grace in Chrift, and made him a Samplar, and the firft 
 copy of free Grace to all his brethren, feed and heirs, that they 
 might (hare with him, upon whom the firft a&s of eternal Co- 
 venant-love, and Grace fell, and that God might fhew forth in 
 him a pattern of Covenant-dealings, and out-letting of Cove- 
 nant-favour and promifes, Pfal. 89.26, He (hall cry unto me, 
 *hoh art my father y my God, andtherock^ofmy falvation. With 
 Heb. 1.5, For unto which of the Angels f aid he at any time, thou 
 art my Son, this day have I begotten thee f. And again, I will be 
 to him a Father , and he jhall be to me a Son. Gal. 4. 6, And 
 becaufe ye are Sons , God hath fent forth the fpirit of his Son 
 into your hearts , crying^ Abba, father. Col. 1. 18, And he is 
 the bead of the body, the Church, who is the beginning, the flr ft -born 
 from the dead, that in all things he might have the preheminence. 
 Rom k 8. 17, And if children , then heirs, heirs of God , and 
 fint-heirs with Chrifl, if fo be that we fuffer with him, that we 
 may be alfo glorified together. 
 
 g. Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is 
 Eternity : For, 1 . Both the Parties are eternal, the eternal God 
 who is from c-verlafling to cvcrla fling, Deut. 3 3. 27. and the 
 eternal Son of God, whofe eternal jwn^r and Godhead, Rom. i . 
 20 , is equal with God his Father. Phil. 2. 6, And whofliall declare 
 his generation ? Ifa. 53.8. Joh. 1. 1,2, In the beginning the 
 word was, and the word was with God, and the word was God, the 
 fame was in the beginning with God. Rev. 1.8, I am Alpha and 
 Omega, the beginning and the end, faith the Lord • which is, which 
 was, and which is to come. 
 
 2. The union o£ the two natures in the Perfbn of the Re- 
 deemer, which was tranfa&edin this Covenant, is an eternal 
 Union V I mean, the humane nature, which was from eternity 
 
 deftgned 
 
€\ Of the Eternity of Chap. Ilf. 
 
 deftgned unto -a fubftantial union with God*, being once aftumed, 
 Hands in that fubftantial union for ever ', ib that it is impoflible 
 that the perfonal union which was transacted in the Covenant of 
 Redemption, can be diffolved unto all eternity: for 'tis unque- 
 stionable that Chrift fhall ftand glorified in our nature in heaven 
 for ever •„ for even there is a throne for the man Chrift , for the 
 Lamb flain, for evev^Rev. 22. 3, But the throne of God, and of the 
 lamb, flail be in it, Aft- 17. 31. 
 
 3. The New Covenant-relations which were eftablifhed be- 
 twixt Jehovah and Chrift, by this Covenant of Redemption, are 
 eternal relations, which fhall never .ceafe, Heb. 1. 5, For unto 
 which of the Angels f aid he at any time , Thou art my Son , th. s 
 ds.\. hav: I begotten thee ? And again ', / will be to him a Father, 
 a?:d he flail be to me a Son. This Covenant-relation (I fayj 
 whereby God is the God and Father of our Lord Jeius Chrift, 
 and wherebv he hatha new Sonfhip , iPet. 1. 3, Bleffedbe the 
 Cod an dF other ef our Lordjefus Chrift : Even this, fhall ftand 
 eternally; therefore Chrift f peaking of the promiied glorious 
 ftateof his people in heaven,dotlifour times own that Covenant- 
 relation to his Father, even with refpeel: to his and their being 
 together in his Kingdom, Rev. 3. 12, Him that over cometh^will 
 1 make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he flail go no more 
 out : and 1 will write Hpon him the name of my God, and the name 
 of the city of my God, which is new Jerufalem, which comet h down 
 cut of heaven from my God ; and I will write upon h'un my new 
 name. And if our Covenant-relation to God which did ipring 
 out of his, fhall ftand, and not ceafe in our glorified ftate in 
 heaven, much-more his, Rev. 5. 10, Arldhaftmade us unto our 
 GodKings and,? Hefts, and we flail reign on the earth .There the re- 
 deemed Muficians, that have the new Song in their mouths,own 
 their Covenant-relation to God, and the Covenant-compella- 
 tion, cur God., is a note in their new Song. 
 
 4. The .offices, which Chrift did take on by this Covenant, are 
 eternal offices, fuch as fhall never ceafe, and whereof he fhall 
 never be.divefted *, that his Mediatory-office, his Kingdom and 
 Priefthbod, are parjtakers of the eternity of this Covenant, is 
 plain Scripture, Ln\. 1. 33, And he flail reign over the koufe of 
 Jacob for ever, and of his kingdom there .flail be no end. 
 Heb. 1.. 8, But unto the Son, he faith, thy throne, O God, is for 
 ever and ever, afcepter of righteoufneft is t'he fcepterofthy ki*g- 
 
 dm* 
 
Chap. III. the Covenant of Redemption. °5 
 
 d$m. And j. 6, Thou art a prieft for ever , after the order of 
 Melcbifedec. And 7. 25, Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them 
 to the utter wo ft that come unto God by him, feeing he ever Uveth to 
 make imercejfton for them. The only queftion is, whether or 
 not this Covenant (hall then ceafe , and Chrift's Mediatory- 
 office fhall then ceafe, when Chrift (hall render up the Kingdom 
 to the Father? \Cor. 15.24^020. 
 
 Concerning the full anfwer whereof , I refer the Reader toRutherf. Tmt. 
 what is written by Mr. Rutherford upon that queftion : For my °f thecovenant, 
 part it fatisfies me, that I fee veftiges in the Scripture. 1. That P* 2 * c * x 2t 
 after the laft Judgment, there (hall be noufe of ilich exercife p * 
 and afts of ChrirVs Mediatory offices , as King, Prieft , and 
 Prophet to his Church as we are now under in this laft Oeco- 
 nomy and difpenfation of the Covenant of Grace *,becaufe there 
 (hall be no fm then, nor any enemy unfubdued •, Chrift having 
 perfected his people, and prefented them without ipottoGod, 
 Eph. 5. 27. and having fubdued all his foes, and broken allop- 
 pofition to his Kingdom , and the elecl people being brought 
 out of danger , fo as they need no Temple or Ordinances, 
 Rev. 2 1 . 4. 22. 1 Cor. 15.25. 2. That Chrift Mediator (hall 
 unqueftionably ceafe from, and leave off fuch atts and exercife 
 of his Mediatory-office, as his body the Church hath no need 
 of-, he (hall be no Mediator of Reconciliation then, becaufc 
 there (hall be no fin then , no Mediator to apply his death , or 
 to interceed for finners, for there (hall be no finners •, he fhall 
 be no Mediatory King then to beat down his foes and oppofers 
 of his offices *, for there (hall be none, when he fhall have put 
 down all rule j and all authority and power, 1 Cor. 15. 24. that 
 is , all Magiftracy and Government that now is , either in 
 Church or State . j. It is manifeft that after the laft Judgment, 
 there (hall be a change of the Oeconomick government, and 
 thatChrift (hall render the ^^owOeconomick or di(penfatory, 
 to his father : but after what manner this change of government 
 (hall be, I do not fo clearly underftand : whether it (hall be only 
 by Chrift'« rendering an account to his Father of his deputed * 
 and delegated charge, having now (aved all the ele£t, and lub 
 dued all the rebels; or if it (hall be by laying 4own his-Com 
 million, no more to rule in th« former way of government ? or 
 whether the government (hail be fo changed, as the Father, Son, 
 and Spirit,fhall immediately govern tkc glorious Church, which 
 
 K feems 
 
66' Of tie Eternity of Chap. ItL 
 
 leems to be infinuated , Rev. 21. 22, 23, And I faw notemple 
 therein ', for the Lord God almighty arid the Lamb are the temple of 
 it. Andthe City had m need of the Sun, neither of the Moon to 
 Jhine in it *, for the glory of God did lighten it y and the Liamb is the 
 light thereof. 1 Cor. 1 5. 28, that Godmay beallin all. 4. That 
 Chrift frail not then leave off to reign as Mediator, even 
 when the fore-mentioned change is made - 7 yet he remains the 
 fubftantial glorified head of his myftical glorified body for ever, 
 who (ball appear eternally for us, as a pledg of the fatisfattion 
 once given, whofe preience is a fpeaking token of the ftanding 
 Confederacy and Peace betwixt God and us , in whofe righte- 
 ouihefs we ftand cloathed before God-, in whofe tranfaftions 
 and acting in the work of Redemption, God is eternally well- 
 pleafed, and by whole Covenant we ftand and reign with him 
 eternally and indefedlibly in a confirmed glorified ftate : elfe, 
 1. To what end fhall Chrift ftand glorified in our nature in hea- 
 ven for ever ? 2. Why is the Lambs throne in heaven eternal ? 
 Rev. 22. 3. 3. Elfe what means the Lambs lervants in heaven 
 forever? Rev, 22. 3. and the new Song that is to the Lamb in 
 heaven for ever, Rev. 5. 12. and 7. 10. 4. Elfe what meaneth 
 the Lambs being in the midft of the glorified company , his 
 leading them, being a temple, and a light unto them ? Rev.j. 1 7. 
 and 2 1 . 22, 2 3 . Sure the Lord Mediator as a glorified tead of 
 his glorious body in heaven, a&eth as Mediator, though not as 
 he a&eth now *, and though we cannot well determine what fort 
 of leading, and what difpenfatron of influences from him are 
 there ( and no wonder if his union with us and headfhip over us 
 even here, be a myfterie, the knowledg whereof is referred to 
 his coming again, Job. 14.20,- At that day ye fhallknovo that I 
 am in my father ', and you in me, and I in you): yet the Lambs 
 throne there, and his leading the redeemed, and being a light 
 aad temple to them, proves his peculiar headfhip to them. 
 5, The bkffings purchafed by this Covenant of Sureti(hip , are 
 partakers of eternity, they are eternal bleflkng* : the Redemp- 
 tion obtained by the Mediator, is eternal Redemption ', Heb. 9. 12. 
 and eternal \ Inherit ance^Heb. o. 15. and eternal life. Tit. 1.2. 
 eternal Salvation y Heb. 5. 9. eternal Glory , 1 Pet. 5. 20. You fee 
 then, that eternity is a property*ofthe Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, and that many things belonging to it are partakers of 
 eternity: la a word, it is a Covenant which was traniacled 
 
 from 
 
c Chap. lit the Covenant of Redemption. $7 
 
 from eternity, before the foundation of the world was laid *, it 
 is as old as the Ancient of days ; ib that we cannot reckon the 
 beginning thereof, Frov. 8.2$, / was fet up from ever lafting, 
 from the beginnings or ever the earth was : and which (hall endure 
 throughout eternity *, for the righteoufnefs of this Covenant, 
 even the Surety-righteoufnefs of Chrift the Redeemer, (hall be 
 worn in glory for evermore, by all the redeemed people *, and 
 through the force and vertue of the blood thereof, (hall the 
 glorious Church ftand and reign for ever, Rev. iy. 8, And to her 
 was granted that flie (hould be arrayed in fine linnen, clean and 
 white; for the fine linnen is the righteoufneft of Saints* And 5.9, 
 And they fung a new fing, faying , thou art worthy to take the 
 book^ and to open the feals thereof i for thou waft jiain, and haft 
 redeemed m to God by thy blood out of every kindred y and tongue y and 
 people, and nation, 
 
 4. Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is 
 equality : They who diftinguifh Covenants into equal and un- 
 equal Covenants j by equal Covenants they underftand fuch 
 wherein there is equality in the parties or conditions, when the 
 parties ftand in equal terms, and do agree upon equal or like 
 conditions. 
 
 No Covenant betwixt God and meer Man, can properly and 
 ftrictly be called an equal Covenant', neither the Covenant of 
 works made with man in his integrity , nor the Covenant of 
 Grace made with fallen man *, for befide the infinite diftance and 
 inequality of the parties , there is no proportion betwixt the 
 terms and conditions given and required in thefe Covenants : 
 And upon ftricl: examination, there are but few equal Cove- 
 nants betwixt man and man *, for it is rare to find the condition 
 and affairs of Parties entering in Covenant in fuch an equal 
 poife, as that the inequality of their condition, and the mo- 
 ment and exigent of their affairs, does not influence the , 
 terms and conditions of their Covenants, -fo as to render them 
 unequal. 
 
 But iure the Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Chrift,is an equal 
 Covenant. 1. This Covenant was betwixt parties equal*, I do 
 not fay that the Man Chrift, or Chrift Mediator was equal with 
 God ; for in this refpect there was an inferiority and fubordina- 
 tion unto which Chrift humbled himfelf ', by giving his aclual 
 confent in this Covenant unto the designation of him to be the 
 
 K 2 Perfon 
 
£8 Of the Equality of Chap. III. 
 
 Perfon that fhouid do the work of our Redemption • but con- 
 sidering Chrift as the eternal Son of God, and antecedently to 
 his actual confent to humble himfelf j yea , and after that con- 
 ient too, confidering Chrift the fecond Perfon as the natural Son 
 of God , the parties traniatling this Covenant (though not 
 quatenw, as they were confidered in this Covenant- tranf attion) 
 were equal in Power, Greatnefs, Wiidom, Honour, &c. as 
 hath been before fhewed from Phil. 2. 6, Who being in the form 
 of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. Joh. 10.29, $0, 
 My Father which gave them me, is greater than all — I and my 
 Father are one. 
 
 2. This Covenant was betwixt equal parties, when they ftood 
 in equal term, and were at a perfect freedom to chufe or refufc , 
 to give confent to this Covenant or refufe it, as pleafed either 
 party; these may be fometimes equality betwixt parties cove- 
 nanting •, yet the inequality of the condition and freedom at the 
 time of tranfacling, may render the Covenant betwixt them 
 unequal ', as when the one party is not at freedom, is concluded 
 by ibme preflure or neceflity that is not upon the other party - 7 
 hence often the terms are unequal : but in the Covenant of Sure* 
 tiihip (whatfoever inequality and fubordination was fubiequent, 
 by the tenor of this Covenant) at the time when it was trania- 
 &ed from eternity, the parties ftood both on equal terms, and 
 were at perfect freedom to tranfaft or not , as pleafed either 
 (as I have already proved)*, there was nothing in the condition 
 of either party ( abftrac"ting from the purpofe of the parties 
 own will, ana the defign that atted them, which was common 
 to both) that could conclude either party to enter into fuch a 
 Covenant (If I may call a tranf a&ion that had no beginning, 
 by the name of entering a Covenant in regard of our manner of 
 conceiving thereof) *, for this Covenant was not only confented 
 to by Chrift, a perfon equal with God •, but by him being in the 
 form of God, Phil. 2. 6, 7, that is, while he ftood in equal terms 
 with God, and was under no neceflity to be found in the 
 form of a fervant, till he humbled himfelf, and made himfelf of 
 no reputation, &LC 
 
 3. The defign that afted both parties in this tranfaclion, Was 
 equal *, for it was one and the fame, a defign of love a&ed both 
 the Father and the Son ^ the carrying on a purpofe of Grace and 
 defign of love which God had laid upon hiseleft people, acted 
 
 Jehovah 
 
Chap. HI. the Covenant of Redemption. 6$ 
 
 Jehovah in fending Chrift to do this work of Redemption , and 
 in making him Surety for his people •, and the lame defign alio 
 acled Chrift in his contenting to take our Law-place, and in his 
 coming accordingly to a& our part, Joh. }. 16, For Godfo loved 
 the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that vphofoever believ- 
 eth in him Jhould not perijh , bnt have everlafting life. With 
 
 Gal. 2. 20, / live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved 
 
 me, and gave himfelf for me. Even this Love-defign which 
 took up the delight and the thoughts of both the patties equally, 
 and wherewith both parties were lblacing thcmfelves in the 
 works without themfelves •, when as yet there was no world, 
 nor Inhabitants thereof created, Prov.S. $i, Re)oycmg in the 
 habitable part of hit earth, and my delights were wUh the 
 fons of men, 
 
 4. This Covenant of Suretifliip was made upon equal or like 
 conditions and terms*, there was an equality betwixt the ftipula- 
 tionand reftipuiation ; the conditions promifed to Chrift, and 
 thefe required from him by this Covenant ', not that worthlefe 
 man was a wager for God to work for*, for he was far below the 
 price that love put upon him. But underftand it thus, 1. There 
 was an equality of Juftice betwixt the conditions on the one 
 part and the other •, punitive Juftice could exatt no more of 
 man, by the curie of the broken Covenant, than that which 
 Chrift fuffered as his Surety, Gal. $. 1 j, Chrift hath redeemed us 
 from the curfe of the Law, being made a cur fe for Hi ', and remune- 
 rative Juftice could give no lets to his perfect obedience unto the 
 Law cf works, than the righteoufnefs and life whicbhe pur- 
 chafed, Rom.S.j.j That the riglneoufnef of the Law might be 
 fulfilled in tit. 2. There was an equality of proportion or merit 
 betwixt the conditions required from, and performed by Chrift, 
 by venue of this Covenant , and the conditions promifed and 
 performed unto Chrift by this Covenant. Not a merit and ia- 
 tisfaclion upon Chr id's part de congruo (as the Schoolmen r> ur and lik a 
 lpeak) whereby the friendfhip and love of the party injured &m. 21i qwft?L 
 doth accept of that which h not equivalent to the offence , 
 which Vorftiiu calleth God's Divine acceptation (which proper- 
 ly had no place here , though the friend (hip and love betwixt 
 God and Chrift, be iuchas renders any thing done by him, ac- 
 ceptable )-^ but a merk and fatisfaction de condigno, there 
 being a juft and equal proportion betwixt the fault committed, 
 
 and 
 
7C Of the Equality of Chap. III. 
 
 the fatisfa&ion given , and betwixt the reward promifed and 
 given to Chrift, and the obedience required from and performed 
 by him, Joh. 17. 4, 5, / have glorified thee on the earthy I have 
 fmjhed the work^ which thou gave ft me to do. And now, O Fa- 
 ther, glorifie thoH me with thine own f elf. Phil. 2. 7, 8, But 
 made him f elf of no refutation, and took^upon him the form of a 
 fervant, arid was made in the likeneft of man. And being found 
 in faftrion as a man y he humbled him f elf. ~-Where fore God hath 
 highly exalted him, &c 
 
 5. The advantage redounding to both parties by this Cove- 
 nant is equal $ I mean, the glory and honour of this tranfa&ion *, 
 for no other profit and goodneis can redound unto the all-iuffi- 
 tient good, Job $5.7, If thou be righteous , what give ft thou 
 him? or what receiveth he of thine hand ? Pfal. 16. 2, $, — My 
 goodneft extendeth not unto thee : But to the Saints that are in the 
 earth, and to the excellent , in whom is all my delight. I fay of 
 the Covenant of Suretifhip, that though the profit is ours, and 
 extendeth only to the redeemed people \, yet the advantage of 
 honour and glory, doth equally reach both the parties tranfa- 
 cting in their own order \ for thereby there is a peculiar honour 
 of our Redemption and Salvation to God, the Author thereof, 
 who gave Chrift, and fent him to work this Redemption ; and a 
 peculiar honour to Chrift Mediator, to the Lamb the grand 
 Jnftrument that wrought it, and whofe foul travelled in it. So 
 that the honour accrewing hereby is not peculiar to any one of 
 the parties, but parted betwixt them, Joh. 5.2$, That all men 
 jlmuld honour the Son, even as Hoey honour the Father. Rev. 7. 10, 
 And cryed with a loud voice, faying , Salvation unto our God 
 which fitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb. 
 
 5. Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption^ order: 
 that which is laid of the Covenant of Reconciliation, that it's 
 ordered in all things *, is eminently true of the Covenant of Re- 
 demption: It is a well-ordered Covenant^ and how can it be 
 made otherwife., fince he that made it is the Gcd of order, 
 1 Cor. 14. 3 1. and Godonlywife, 1 Tim. 1. 17. who knew well 
 how to contrive the comely order which he defigned . Th e or- 
 der of this Covenant doth chiefly confiftin thele two things. 
 1 . In God's beautiful contriving and ordering the methods and 
 ways of our Redemption and Salvation. 2. In his comely order- 
 ing and adapting thcie Methods of Redemption to anfwer the 
 
 ends 
 
Chap* HI. the Covenant of Redemption. ft 
 
 ends and intents , which were purpofed and propofed in this 
 tranfaftion. Under the firft of thefe , I comprehend, i. His 
 ordering and fending of a Saviour and Redeemer to fallen man. 
 2. His ordering the things that the Peribn defigned fhould do 
 andfuffer for purchafing this Redemption. 3. His ordering 
 the means whereby the purchaied Redemption fhould be ap- 
 plied to the Redeemed people. 4. His ordering the efficacy of 
 means towards the ends purpofed by him, that there might be 
 no mifgiving in all the matter. Under the fecond, I compre- 
 hend God's ordering, 1 . That the fatisfaction of Divine jultice 
 fhall be, by a Surety. 2. That the iatisfaclion of the Surety 
 fhall meet with, and fully come up to the demands of the Law 
 and Covenant of works , by his obeying the command , and 
 bearing the curfe. $.That the Sureties fatisfa&ion fhall ftand for 
 the broken man's ; he taking our Law-place upon him,and acting 
 our part. 4. That Juflice fhall be fo fatisfied, as mercy be alfo 
 entreated •, that the means and methods of Redemption, may 
 anfwer the intent of God , to glorifie thefe two attributes, 
 Juftice and Mercy, in Man's Redemption. I do not fay that 
 the beautiful order of this Covenant confided in thefe things 
 only *, but in thefe, and the like ; which will appear further,when 
 we come to fpeak of the lbbje&-matter of this Covenant, and the 
 things that were therein concluded. 
 
 6. Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption , is 
 ftability^ God's Covenant with Chrift is an immutable, invio- 
 lable tranfaclion j and all the things therein concluded are firm 
 and unalterable, nothing thereof can fail 'j for, 1 . It is tranfa- 
 &ed in the unchangeable counfel of God's will , where all the 
 decrees and conclufions are unalterable , Neb. 6. 17, Wherein 
 God willing more abkndantly to fliew unto the heirs of promife, the 
 immutability of his r counfel 9 confirmed it by an oath. 
 Ifa. 14.27, For the Lord of hofls hath purpofed , and who 
 fhdidifannut it t 
 
 2. It muft be an inviolable Covenant, being tranfacted be- 
 twixt two parties who have all imaginable Properties that 
 can enlure their dealings and transactions, and render them firm \ 
 For it is, 1. Betwixt God unchangeable, with whom there is no 
 variable nef^ norjhadowof turning Jam. 1. 17. I am the Lor d^ 
 I change not^ Mai. 3. 6. And Jefta Chrifi , the fame yefterday^ 
 and to day 9 and for ever, Heb. 1 3 . 8. 2. It is betwixt God tte 
 
 ftrength 
 
72 Of the Eternity of Chap. I If. 
 
 ftrengthof ffrael, who u not as the fon of man , that he fliould 
 repent, i S*m. 15.29. who hath fworn to Chrift, and will not 
 repent, Heb. 7. 2 1 . and Chrift Jefus, in whom all the promifes 
 ol God are yea, and amen, 2 Cor. I. 20. 5. It is betwixt the 
 true God, Jer. 10. 10. the Godof tr nth, D cut. 32.4. and Jeius 
 Chrift, who is the truth it {elf, fob. 14. 6. 4. It is betwixt the 
 faithful God which keepeth Covenant , Deut. 7. y. who abideth 
 faithful, and cannot deny him f elf, 2 Tim .2. 15. and Jeius Chrift 
 the faithful wit ne ft, Rev. 1. 6. 
 
 $. This muft be a fure and inviolable Covenant, being a fworn 
 confirmed Covenant *, for God hath not only fworn and con- 
 firmed his Covenant with us, but he hath alio confirmed this 
 Covenant with an oath, and fworn to Chrift , Pfal.So. 35, 
 Once have J fworn by my holinef, that I will not lye unto Lavid. 
 Heb. 7.21, For thofe Pr lefts were made withvnt an oath, but this 
 with an oath, by him that faid unto him, The Lord fware, and 
 will not repent ; thou art a Trie ft for ever, after the order of MeU 
 chifedee. Now the Argument ufed by the Apoftle, from the 
 confirmation of a Covenant, to the (lability thereof, holds good 
 and firm of this Covenant alfo (though it be not the thing 
 principally intended therej, Gal, $. 1 5, Though it be but a man's 
 Covenant, yet if it be confirmed) no man difannulleth or addetb 
 thereuuto. 
 
 4. Stability and Inviolablenefsmoft eminently agree to that 
 Covenant •, for which, and becauie of which the Covenant of 
 Reconciliation made with us is firm, fure, and inviolable. Now 
 'tismanifeft, that the (lability of that Covenant fprings out of 
 this ^ and the inviolablenefs of the one, is given by the Holy 
 Ghoft, for the ground and caufe of the (lability of the other • 
 SeePjfc/.8o. 3$, $4> 35, j6, Neverthelef)myloving^ndneftwiU 
 I not utterly take from him , nor fuffer my faithfulneft to fail. 
 My Covenant willl not break,, nor alter the thing that is gone 
 out of my lips. Once nave J fworn by my holinef, that J will 
 not lye unto David. His feed Jhall endure for ever , and his 
 throne as the Sun before me. Ifa. 55. 3,4, I will make an evtrlaft- 
 ing Covenant with) 'ou, even the Jure mercies of David* Behold) 
 I have given him for a witneftothe people) a leader and comman* 
 der to the people. 
 
 5. This Covenant is above thepoflible reach of all caufes or 
 ^occafions whatfoever , that render Covenants unftable and un- 
 certain ; 
 
Ghap. IIL the Covznwt of RedmpiM* f% 
 
 certain v for here,' ft There can be no place in either of the 
 parties for unskilftilnefs nor rafhnefe, in contriving or entering 
 this eternal Compaft, being the deed of parties, whofe under- 
 ftanding cannot be fearched out, If a. 40. 28, the depths where- 
 of are to be admired, Row. xl. I 1, O the depth of the riches 
 both of the wifdom and knowledg of God ; whofe fooiijhnefs is 
 wifer than men ! 1 Cor . 1. 25. who doth all his matters by coun- 
 feland eternal deliberation, Eph. 1. 11, whoworketh all things 
 after the counfel of his mil. Nor, 2. Is there place in either of 
 the parties for unrighteoufnefs, Rom. 3.5,6, Is god unrighteous ti 
 Cod forbid : nor for inconftancy or unfaithfulnefs (as is already 
 proved) or any other thing that is contrary to Covenant-keep- 
 ing. 1 . Nor is there any weaknefs or wearying in either of the 
 parries to perform their undertaking , againft difcouragement 
 and oppofition that ftands in the way of performing what is mu- 
 tually engaged ; no fuch thing is incident to Jehovah, Luk. 1.37, 
 For with God nothing jhall be impoffible. Ifa. 40. 28, The creator 
 of the ends of the earth faint eth not, neither is weary. Nor can 
 Qirift Mediator be impeached of fuch things, jr/^.42.4. He 
 fyaU not fail nor be difcour aged, till he have fet judgment on the 
 earth } and the Ifles fall wait for his Law. And 63.1 , tra- 
 velling in the great ne ft of his fir 'ength : J that fpeak^in right eouf- 
 nef, mighty tofave. 
 
 . The Parties in this eternal traniaft ion about the work ofRe- 
 cbnvption,' were Jehovah on the one part ; and the only Son of 
 God on the other part.. That thefe were the parties, and thefe 
 only, is generally acknowledged - 7 and it is plain Scripture, 
 Pfal. 89. 3, / have made a covenant with my chofen. Heb. I. 5, 
 For unto which of the Angels faid he at any time , Thou art my 
 Son, this day have I begotten thee ? And again, I will be n him a 
 Father, and he Jhall be to me a Son. And 5. 5, 6, So alfoChrifi 
 glorified not himfelfto be made an high prieft , but he that faid unto 
 him, thou art my>Son, to day have J begotten thee . As he faith alfo 
 in another place, thou art a yrieftfcr ever, after the order ofMel- 
 chifedec. And 10. 5,7, Wherefore when he cometh unto the 
 world, he faith , facrifioe and offering thou would ft riot \ but a 
 body haft thou prepared me. Then faid 1, lo , I come (in the' 
 volume of the boosts writtedofme) to do tkywill^ tfh^Tity? 
 difficulty lyeth in theri^uridtfiftanding how thefe parties are 
 to be confidered: for clearing whereof, I (hall 1 lay dowftfour 
 Aflertians. L jtfferu 
 
74 Of the Parties of Chap. IIF. 
 
 Ajfert. I. Although God be on both fides of this Cove- 
 nant ' 7 yet God is not to be the iame way confidered upon both 
 parts of the Covenant ; for upon the one part God is to be con- 
 sidered ejfentially , and it is opm ejfentiale y an aft common to all 
 the three Perfons of the Godhead. The one party covenanting 
 is Jehovah; God h common to all the three: upon the. other 
 part the Son of God is to be confidered personally, an acl: pe- 
 culiar to the Son of Gody thefecond Peribn ; elie there could 
 be no diftinftion of -parties, no diftinftion of confents , and 1 
 confequently no Covenant of Redemption, no compact about 
 that work -, and according to this diftinftion, we are to under- 
 stand the Scriptures before-mentioned . 
 
 AJfert. 2.. The Covenant' of Redemption is tranfafted with 
 Chrift per final, not with-Chrift. tnyftical :, not with the ekft: 
 Company, but fingly with the Captain of Salvation , not with 
 the head and body, the Church*, but with the chofen head, 
 unto whomGod promifed and had appointed a numerous feed, 
 that fhould become a body to him. It was made with Chrift, 
 not as. a public k perfon, reprefenting many ; but as an eminent' 
 chofen peribn, chofen .-out among his brethren, Pfal. 89. ip, 
 L have laid help upon one that is mighty, I have exalted one chofen ' 
 cut of the people. Heb. 5. 1, For every high priefi taken from 
 among men, is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that 
 he m/iy ojfcr both gifts and facri fees for fin ; for though the my- 
 fticaf body of Chrift were to reap the benefit of this tranfa- 
 ftion j yetthey were not parties in the tranfafting their own 
 Redemption. The Covenant of peace, kindnefs, reconcilia- 
 tion and life, . was indeed made with Chrift my ftical, head and 
 members 5 with him as" a publick perfon, reprefenting all his 
 feed and heirs that were chofen in him*, but the Covenant of 
 Redemption was not fo. 
 
 ■Th'dethirigs confirm this Aflertion.. 1. The work and bufi- 
 nefs tranfafted by this Covenant,was peculiar to Chrift's perfon, 
 the fatisfying divine Juftice, by paying a price*, the aft of 
 Suretifhip,.and taking the broken-man's Law-place, &c- Sure 
 this was peculiar to Chrift perfonal. 2. • It was he to whom a 
 feed of his own begetting, comprehending ail. the eieft, was 
 promifed r, to whom a bride and a j body, whereof he fhould bi 
 head and husband, with whom this Covenant was tranftfted. : * 
 Now this was Chrifts perianal ; for it could not be, that God ' 
 
 pxomifed"- 
 
Chap. IIL the Covenant of Redemption. 75 
 
 promifed this feed to the feed $ he did not prpmife a people to 
 themfelves :, but to Chrift their cbpfen head. 3. By this Cove- 
 nant, God did prbmife'and give the headfhip to Chrift over, 
 that body, and did veft him with powers and authorities futa- 
 ble:, even with all power in Heaven and Earth : Now the 
 head/hip and thefe great Authorities, were neither promifed 
 nor given to the head and body, to Chrift my ftical *, but to 
 Chrift perfonal. 4. Chrift plainly claims the work of this Co- 
 venant to himfelffmgly and perfonally confidered, and leaving 
 out all others, even his own body, as having no acceflion to 
 this that he was fingly engaged in , Heb. 2. 10, For it became 
 him, for whom are all things , and by whom are all things ; m 
 bringing many Sons to glory , to make the Captain of their Sal- 
 vation per ft A through fujfering. And 5. 9, And, being made 
 perfect J he became the Author of eternal Salvation unto all them 
 that obey him. Joh. 17-4, I have glorified thee on the earthy I 
 have finijhed the workjvhich thou gave ft me to do. Ifa. 6 3 . 3 , 1 have 
 trodden the wine pre ft alone , and of the people there was none 
 with me. 
 
 After f. 1. The Covenant of Redemption which was tranfa- 
 £ted with Chrift perfonally confidered, even with the only Son 
 of God, the fecond perfon : was not made with Chrift God \ 
 but with Chrift God- man, the perfon tranfafting with Jehovah, 
 was not the Son of God, confidered as God, as the natural Son 
 of God ; but confidered as God-man, as Mediator*, this : Cove- 
 nant w r as ftricken with Chrift t« 9ii^f»ff«,' not w ao>». 
 And i . That it was not made withChrift God, or confidered as 
 the natural only Son of God, ismanifeft: For, 1. Chrift God »• 
 could not be under the Law- 2. Norreprefent man, and take / 
 his Law-place. 3. Nor can Chrift God fuffer and pay a price 
 ofblood. 4. Nor coulctiDfrfiftf God receive a Million and 
 Mandates *, . he could not be a Meffenger, nor be fen| , if we 
 fpeak properly. ' 5. Nor to Chrift God could there be promifes 
 made, or any reward given, &c. Thefe,and manyluchinftances 
 may ferve for eftablifhing the negative part of this Aflertion , to 
 wit, that the Covenant of Redemption was not made with 
 Chrift God : befide , that this will receive further con- 
 firmation by eftablifhing the affirmative part of the Af- 
 fertion. . 
 
 2. The Covenant of Redemption was made with Chrift 
 
 L 2 God- 
 

 ; .. 
 
 7£ Of the Partus inr Chap. III. 
 
 God-wan : For, I. In this re{pe& only, Chrift could make a 
 party diftinft from the other party covenanting ; to wit, Je- 
 hovah 5 it could not have been a Covenant except there Jiad 
 been two parties agreeing together. Now Chrift God, the 
 fecond perfon, could not conftitute a party covenanting diftinft 
 from God considered eflentially, as common to all the three, 
 Father, Son and Spirit, Joh. 10. 30, / and my Father are one : 
 It was therefore Chrift Goc'-oian, that made the Covenant of 
 Redemption. 2. Chrift had a will diftinftfrom Jehovah's will, 
 only as he was God-wan : for as God, his will is one and the fame 
 with his Father's will, ahdundiftinguifoed from it, Joh. 1. 13, 
 Not of the will of man *, but of God. Now where there is a Co- 
 nantbetwixttwo, there muft be two wills, elfe how can there 
 be any agreement or ccnfent of two ; for confent is an ad of 
 the will : It follows therefore, that the Covenant was made 
 with Chrift God-man, fmce in this refpeft only, there are two 
 wills meeting , confenting, and agreeing on the lame thing. 
 3. In what refpett only Chrift had a will capable of bowing, 
 yielding, and obeying, in that refpeft he is to be confidered in 
 the Covenant of Redemption \ whereby he voluntarily yielded 
 to do thefe things, which no natural neceflity obliged him to, 
 Heb, \o. 7, Then J aid I, lo, J come (in the volume of the boof^ 
 it is written of me) to do thy will, O God. Now it is evident, that 
 Chrift only as he was God man, had a will capable of bowing 
 and yielding, Mat- 16. 39, Neverthelefs, not as 1 will ,* but as 
 thou wilt '•) for the will of Chrift as God was not capable of bow- 
 ing and yielding-, for who hath re fi fled his will? Rom. 9. 10. 
 the Covenant therefore was made with Chrift God-man. 4. In 
 what refpeet Chrift was inferiour to God, or fubordinate to 
 him, and did receive offices, truft, miflion, commands, &c. and 
 did obey : In that refpecl only , was the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion ftri£fcen with him *, for by the tenor of that Covenant he 
 did all theie things, Joh. 10. 18, This commandment have J re- 
 ceived of my father. And 6. 38, 39, For I came down from 
 heaven, not to do mine own will , but the will of him that fent me. 
 And this is the fathers will that hath fent me. And it is mani- 
 feft, that in this refpeft only, Chrift as God-man is inferior to 
 God , Joh. 14. 28, My Father is greater then I •, for Chrift 
 God is equal with his Father, Ffal. 2. 6. It follows therefore 
 neceiTarily> that the Covenant of Redemption was made with 
 
 m Chrift 
 
Chap. TIT. the Covenant of Redemption. 77 
 
 Chrift: God man. 5. In this confideration only as Chrifl: is 
 Ged-man, the conditions and fatisfa&ion performed by him, 
 are performed by one party, and accepted by another*, in this 
 reipeft only there is fending and coming, asking and receiving, 
 commanding and obeying, giving fatisfattion and receiving it ', 
 for if Chrift be confidered as God, then there could be no per- 
 forming and accepting of fatisfattion *, for fo the party giving 
 and receiving , fending and going , working and rewarding, 
 being the fame, all Jatisfaction is taken away *, for the party 
 the fame every way, cannot be the giver and receiver of the 
 fatisfavtion 5 fo all diftinclion of parties is taken away, and 
 confequently all Covenant-dealings enervated. 6. The Cove- 
 nant of Redemption muft be with Chrift God-man , in regard 
 that the fatisfa£Uorfrequired upon God's part to be performed 
 by Chrift, and undertaken by him, was fuch as might ftand in 
 Law for our fm. Now it is not imaginable how the fatisfaction 
 of Chrift God j could meet with the curfe of the Law of 
 works that had gone forth againft man, Gal. 4. 4, 5, But 
 when the f nine ft of time was come , God fent forth his Son % 
 made of a woman, made under the Law, to redeem them that were 
 under the Law , that % we might receive the Adoption of Sons. 
 It refts therefore, that it was a fatisfaction undertaken by God- 
 wan in the Covenant (^Redemption, 7. In that confideration 
 that Chrift was Surety^r his people, and Mediator betwixt 
 God and man -, in the fame confideratien was the Covenant of 
 Suretifhip and Redemption made with him *, for he could not 
 be a Suret^a one refpeft, andacl: himfelf unto it in another •, 
 but it is vmm Scripture that it was not Chrift God that was 
 Mediator and Surety •, but Chrift God-man , 1 Tim. 2. 5, For 
 there is one God, and one Mediator between God and man, the man 
 Chrifl; Jefw. Heb. 7. 22, By fo much was Jefus made fnrefy of 
 a better teflament. 8 . In what eonfideration Chrift did perform 
 the Covenant of Redemption, in the famerefpeft he is to be 
 confidered as a party'Undertaker (for no man can probably think 
 that one party undertook, and another performed); but it is 
 above queftion, that Chrift God-man did perform this Covenant, 
 and fulfil the conditions, therein required, iTim. $. 16, And 
 without controverfe, great is the myflerie of Godlinef, God was 
 manifefted in the fiejh , jnftified in the fpirit , fe en of angels , 
 preached unto the gentiles, believed on in the world, received up 
 
 into' 
 
78 Of the Parties in Chap. II{. 
 
 into glory. Gal. 4. 4, But when the f nine $ of time w/u 
 cove- God fent forth his Son made of a woman , made under 
 the Law. Rom. 8. $, For what the Law could not do in that 
 it was weakjhrough the flejh , God fending his own Son in the 
 iilgnefi of ftnful fleft , and for fin condemned fin in the JleJJj. 
 I conclude therefore, that with Chrift God man was the Co- 
 venant of Redemption made. Befides thele arguments, many- 
 more might be framed, from the particular commands, condi- 
 tions and-promiies of the Covenant of Redemption, which are 
 competent only to Chrift God-man, and no ways to Chrift God. 
 
 From this which hath been faid of Chrift confidered as God 
 and as God-man, we may anfwer the queftion, How thejuftice 
 of Godcanhavealatisfac"tion from," and by a perfon or party 
 who is God? Anf i.-If Chrift God had^een the party with 
 whom the Covenant of Redemption had been tfanfac"ted, then 
 indeed the party giving, and the party receiving the fatisfa&ion, 
 had been the fame. But the Covenant being made with 
 Chrift God-man, a perfon different from offended God efTen- 
 tially confidered:, lb it is another party that makes the fatis- 
 "' faction, than the party which was offended, and doth receive 
 the fktisfacl:ion. 2. Chrift God-man in one perfon , having 
 man's nature that offended, united into a perfonal union with 
 the Godhead *, was thereby fitted fo to ftand in our place, and 
 upon our fide, as a party different fr#m God, that he might 
 therein fatisfie wrath, and therein merit by making a full and 
 real compenfation to offended Juftice. 3 . Chrift God-man , 
 who makes the fatisfattion as he is God, being one with the 
 Father, while he fatisfies the Father's Juftice, h^itisfieshis 
 <own ; but as he is God-man, being a party diro'ent from 
 the Father, he is by the Soveraignty of free Grace given to be 
 a Surety *, and the fatisfa&ion which he makes in our Na- 
 ture as our Surety, is accepted by his Father, as by another 
 party. 
 
 Affert.Of. Chrift was chofen and predeftinated Lord Me- 
 diator, and we are chofen in him before he is a party cove- 
 nanting with Jehovah , about the work of our Redemption : 
 I fay, i. He is firft in order, in the eternal purpofe of God, 
 deflgned and fet apart to do this work, before he 1 gave an 
 aclual confent unto the Covenant of Suretiftiip. This followeth 
 neceflarily upon the former Aftertion •, for if the Covenant 
 
 be, 
 
Chap. III. the Covenant of Redemption. j$ 
 
 be made with Chrift God-man , with Chrift Mediator 
 betwixt God and man , then he muft needs be Mediator 
 by fome eternal ad of the counfel of God antecedent in 
 order of nature to this Covenant with him , which is made 
 with him confidered as God to be made manifeft intheflefh. 
 2. I lay, not only- Chrift is choien *, but we alio are chofen 
 in him, unto the fruit of that great labour and fervice which 
 he was defigned to undergo *, for a Covenant of Suretifriip and 
 Redemption, does not only iuppoie a Redeemer and Surety 
 predeftinated to be undertaker for a loft people ^ but alio a 
 people defigned to be partakers of the Redemption which he 
 was to work. So%at I fay, this Covenant that was made with 
 Chrift God ^#,doe$fuDpoie Chrift's headfhip,and our member- 
 fhip by eternal predefflnation, and by a co-ordination, which 
 maybeexpreis'din this order*, firft, the choien head, and then 
 the body, God did not not firft chufe a body x and then 
 had a head to feek for them •, nor did he chufe a head to be 
 Without a body, or as one that knew not of a body for that 
 head ; but Election, which was the firftaft of God's Iove*n 
 eternity, fell firft upon Chrift, whom God did chufe to be the 
 head of his body the Church , and the Captain of Salvation 
 to all the choien company r, and having chofen him, he chuied 
 us in him, as our head, and as the firft-born of the elect houfe 
 and family, Rom. 8.29, For whom he did foreknow , he alfo did 
 predefiinate, to be conformedto the ImageMhis Son y that he might 
 be the fir fl- born among many brethren . Epn . 1.4, -According as he 
 hath chofen m in him, before the foundation of the world 5 that we 
 {hould be holy i and without blame before him Move* 
 
 ■ 
 
 ._ tk. -±- 
 
 :<mAP/< 
 
8o ~ Chap. IV. 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Of the tenor , Articles , and SubjeSl-matter 
 of the Covenant of Redemption ; or of 
 the Commands 5 Conditions, and Promifes 
 thereof 
 
 TH E Subjeft-matter and Ankles of the Covenant of Sure- 
 tifhip, which were agreed and concluded betwixt Jehovah 
 and Chrift by an eternal Compact fwhiclialfo may be divided 
 into commands, conditions, :andpromifes of that Covenant^, 
 were mainly thefe feven. Who fhould be the Redeemed ? Who 
 the Redeemer ? What his work ? When to be done ? How to 
 be applied ? What his reward ? And what affurance- given be- 
 twfxt the parties for mutual performance ? 
 
 Now becaufe fome of thefe Articles may feem to be the fame 
 upon the matter, which I have before after ted to be fuppofed as 
 antecedent in order of nature to the Covenant of Redemption * 
 Let it be reraembred , that they may well be fuppofed in our 
 manner of conceiving thereof, as antecedent in God's purpofe^ 
 and yet be Articles of ^iis Covenant , and fall under Chrift's 
 actual content , which^akes a clofed Covenant about them : 
 for it is not repugnant, that the fame thing be concluded in the 
 eternal purpoie of God's Will , and in his eternal agreement 
 with Chrift. 
 
 i. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and 
 Chrift God-man, who fhould be the Redeemed people :, there 
 was a definite certain number of Redeemed ones agreed upon , 
 for whom Chrift fhould pay a price *, he was not Surety and 
 undertaker for all Mankind, nor for all the vifible Church to 
 whom the Gofpel fhall be preached*, for his undertaking is no> 
 wider nor larger than his dying, purchafiog Redemption, bear- 
 ing Iniquity , Praying, &c. thefe being of equal extent an* 
 efficacy: for whom Chrift was undertaker to his Father, for 
 them he dyed, andpurchafed Redemption by his death*, for 
 tHem he did pray and make interceflion, &c. Now 'tis ma- 
 
 nifeft 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. 8 1 
 
 nifeft that he did not purchafe Redemption, and make intercef- 
 fion for all Mankind ; but for a chofen people, Heb. 9.15, And 
 for this canfe he is the Mediator of the New Teftamem , that by 
 means of death for the redemption of the tranfgreffions that were 
 under the firftTeftament, they who are called might receive the 
 fromife of eternal inheritance. Joh. 17-9, / fray for them , / 
 pray not for the world , but for them that thou haft given me • for 
 they are thine. Neither was Chrift undertaker for a people un- 
 der any general notions or qualifications (fuch as them that 
 fliould believe in him, or the like), not knowing definitely who 
 the peribns were : but he was Surety and undertaker only for 
 the elecl, and for a definite number of people, who were by 
 number and name given to him by his Father, and received by 
 him, to be redeemed by his blood *, which doth plainly appear 
 by the defcription of the Redeemed people, who are ordinarily 
 called thofewhom the Father gave unto Chrift Joh. 1 7. 5,6,9, 1 1. ck 
 6. 57) 19' and who were chofen in him,TLph. 1.4. and whofe names 
 are written in the book, of life, and in the Lambs book^of life - 
 as if the Father, who gave them to Chrift , had kept one 
 record of their number and names , and the Lord Me- 
 diator, who undertook for them, had kept another \ Rev.iQ. 12. 
 and 21. 27. 
 
 2. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and 
 Chrift, who fhould be the Redeemer ; I fay, it was agreed who 
 fhould be the peribn to undertake this great work of Redemp- 
 tion and Salvation for thefe elec*t people -, for although we may 
 conceive that Chrift was predeftinated unto this work before his 
 actual confent ', yet we muft conceive the agreement is by his 
 own actual coni en t and compact with God . See the agreement 
 andconfent of both the parties, that Chrift fhall be the Lord 
 Je hovah his iervant in this work, If a* 49. 5,6, And now faith 
 the Lord that formed me from the womb to be hisfervant, to bring 
 Jacob again to him *, though Ifrael be not gathered, yet Jhall I be 
 glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God ftiall be my ftrength. 
 And he faid, it is a light thing that thou jhonldft be my fervanty 
 to raife up the tribes of Jacob, and to refiore the preferred of Ifrael', 
 J will alj ogive thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou may ft be my 
 falvation unto the end of the earth- And under this part of the 
 agreement,! comprehend, 1. The defignation of the perfon who 
 fhall be the redeemer,that it fhall be the fecond perfon,theSon of 
 
 M God 
 
82 The Matter of Chap. IV. 
 
 God only, not the Father, nor the Spirit, Ifa* 59. 20, Andthe 
 Redeemer fh all come to Zion, and unto them that turn from tr an f- 
 greffion in Jacobs faith the Lord. A&. $. 26, Vntoyoufirft, God 
 having raijed up his Son , fent him to blefl yotiy in turning away 
 every one of 'you from his Iniquities, 1 Joh. 4. 9, God fent his only 
 begotten Son unto the wsrla\ that we might Ike through him, 
 2. The conftituting of that Peribn, Surety and Mediator to take 
 that place upon him, which the work of our Redemption did 
 require, Heb- 7. 22, By fo much was J* fat made a furety of a 
 better teflament, 3. The confent and agreement of Chrift to 
 both thefe, to be the perfon that (hall work this work, and to 
 be fubftitute in this place for doing the work, Heb. 1 0. 7, Then' 
 faid /, Iq I come {in the volume of the boof^ it is written of me) 
 to do thy willy God •, thus did the Creditor and the Cautioner 
 ftrike hands together. 
 
 $. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and 
 Chrift, What fhould be the Redeemer's work •, or what fhould 
 be the price that he fhould pay , and the fatisfa&ion that he 
 fhould make to divine Juftice, for the fins of the elecl that were 
 given to him , under this, I take in, 1 . The concluding betwixt 
 the parties, that Chrift (hall take upon him our Law-place and 
 room, and in order to that his taking our nature upon him, that 
 Juftice might reach him in our ftead and place, Gal. 4. 4, 
 God fent forth his San made of a woman, made under the Law. 
 
 2. That Chrift as our Surety fhould dye, and lay down his life 
 for us,that he fhould pay for us the whole fura that was owing } 
 even all that the Law and Juftice could exaft of the broken 
 man, Joh. 10. 18, No man takerh it from me \ but J lay it down 
 of my f elf . Rom, 8. 3, God fending his own Son in the liken eft 
 of finful flefhy and for fin condemned fin in the flejh. Gal. 3. 1 $, 
 Chrift hath redeemed us from the curfe of the Law, being made 
 acurfefor us ^ this is at length held forth,//**. 53-5, 6, 7,10,12. 
 
 3. That the payment and fatisfa&ion that fhould be made to 
 Juftice, by our Surety in our nature, and in our room, fhould 
 be accepted as our payraent,and as a condign price for our right 
 to Heaven, Heb, 9. 15, And for this caufe he is the Mediator 
 of the new Teflament , that by means of death for the redemp- 
 tion of the tranfgreffwns that were under the fir ft Teflament , they 
 which are called might receive the promife of eternal inheritance. 
 
 4. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and 
 
 Chrift. 
 
Chap. IV, the Covenant of Redemption. -§? * 
 
 Chrift,whatfhould be the term of paying this price, and ma- 
 king this fatisfattion to Juftice. A time and term-day is conde- 
 scended upon, fuch as 1 eemed fit to infinite wifdom to appoint, 
 
 Cah^. 2, 4, until the time anointed of the Father- — but when 
 
 the fulnef of the time was come. Heb. 9. 10, 1 1, until the time 
 cf reformation . But Chrift being come , an high priefi of good 
 things to come. Dan. 9. 26, And after three fcore and two weeks. 
 fhallMeffiab be cutoffs but not for himfelf I fay, though the 
 price was agreed upon from eternity, yet God in his wifdom 
 thought fit to put off the time of actual paying this price, till 
 the Redeemer that fhould come out of Zton fhould be long 
 waited for, Luk± 2. $8, — andjpakf of him to all them that looked 
 for redemption in Jerufalemfiut though the payment was fufpen- 
 ded till the fulnefs of time; yet neither Chrift's a&ing as Media- 
 tor, nor the force of the biood of this Covenant ', but in contem- 
 plation of the price to be payed at the.time appointed by theFatber^ 
 he was the Lamb fain from the foundation of the world^Rcv. 1 5. 8. 
 
 5. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and v 
 Chrift , how the Redemption wrought by him fhould be ap- 
 ply ed to his elec~t people. And under this, I comprehend,. 1 .The 
 eternal appointment of the Gofpel-Ordioances , efpecialiy the 
 Covenant of Grace and Reconciliation, as means by divine ap- 
 pointment, fitted to give the knowledge of the Redeemer, and 
 of the Redemption and Salvation wrought by him , Luk^ 1 . 77, 
 ^78, 7p, To give knowledg of Salvation unto his people , by the 
 remiffion of their fins : Through the tender mercy of our God y 
 whereby the day-fpring from an high hath vifited us *, To give 
 light to them that ft in darkgef? and in. the Jhadow of death? to 
 guide our feet in the way of peace. 2. The conclufion , that the 
 Gofpel fhould be preached to all Nations ^ that for the ElecYs 
 fake it might come unto all the Societies of men in the world, 
 among whom there are any of the redeemed ones, Pfal. 110.2, 
 The Lord jhall fend the rod of thy frength out of Zton , rule 
 thou in the midfl of thine enemies. \. The appointment of the 
 times and feaibns, and of the particular Inftruments that fhould 
 carry the Gofpel to the bounds of each ele& Soul's habitation, 
 that it might meet with them, Alt. 1 7. 26, 27, And hath deter* 
 mined the times before appointed? and the bounds of their habitation. 
 That they fwuld feekjhe Lord? if haply they might feel after him y 
 an^fndhim? though he be not far from every one of w. Accord- 
 
 M 2 ing 
 
84 7J&e Matter of Chap. IV. 
 
 ing as we fee it brought to pafs in the execution , fo it was con- 
 cluded from eternity, Alt.%.19. and 1.6, 17. and 9. 15. and 
 18. 9, 10. 4. The pouring out of the Spirit to make the 
 Golpel-ordinances and means of Salvation effectual to the Re- 
 deemed people *, this alfo was comprehended under this Article 
 of the agreement, that this fhould be procured by him, for his 
 elect people, Joh. 16. 7,8, Neverthelefl I tell yon the truth, it 
 is expedient for you that I go away •, for if I go not away , the 
 Comforter will not come unto you ', but if I depart, J will fend 
 him unto you. And when he is come , he will reprove the world of 
 fin , and of right eoufnef, and of judgment, Pfal. 1 10. 3, Thy people 
 fliall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holinefi 
 from the womb of the morning. 
 
 6. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and 
 Chrift, what fhould be the reward and wages that he fhould 
 have for this great Service , for working the work of our Re- 
 demption ; his reward and wages in the general Notation there- 
 of, vras 9 askjtnd have ; it was a grant of whatfoever he would 
 ask of God for fo great a work and fervice ^ his recompence 
 was at his own asking, Pfal. 2. 8, As\^ of me , and I fliall give 
 thee, &c. and according to his own heart , full con- 
 tent and fatisfaction , I fa, 53.11, He fliall be fatis- 
 fied, &c. but more particularly, his reward and wages, which 
 was all his own asking, comprifed thefe three things ( which 
 fpeaks thefe particulars to have been much upon his heart, and 
 inhisdefign). 1. That he fhould have a feed, and a people \ 
 that for all his labour he might have a redeemed people : when 
 he had his reward and fatisf action at his own asking, he made 
 the redeemed ones, his end 5 his asking, his fatisfaction *, this 
 was the refult of his tranicendent love, that he might be Imma- 
 nuel , God with m \ that he might enjoy his poor worthlefs 
 people, I fa. 53. 10, il, Tet it pleafed the Lord to bruife him, 
 he hath put him to grief : when thou fli alt make his Soul an of- 
 fering for fin, he fliall fee his feed , he fliall prolong his days y 
 and the pleafure of the Lord fliall pro/per in his hand. He. 
 fliall fee of the travel of his Soul, and (hall be fat is fed. 2. That 
 he might have a Crown to himfelf •, I mean, a peculiar glory of 
 being Lord Mediator and Redeemer , and of working this 
 great work \ and this he had in Heaven before the foundation 
 of the world, even fince the eternaldefignation and deftination 
 
 of 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. 85 
 
 of him unto this work ; for thenceforward he was the Lamb of 
 God flain from the foundation of the world. Rev. 1 $.8. And 
 was fet up from everlafting, Prov .8.23, and was glorified with 
 the Father , not only with the eflential glory that is common 
 to all the three peribns, which was obicured in his humiliation 
 for the work of Redemption * 7 but alio with a peculiar glory, 
 as Lord Mediator, which he had with him before the world began, 
 Joh. 17. 5. and this glory he fhall have in Heaven, throughout 
 eternity, even after the laft Judgment, there fhall be in Heaven 
 a peculiar throne , and glory following y and a peculiar long 
 to the Lamb , whereof read Rev. 22. 3. and 7. 10, 17. and 5.9. 
 3. That he might have a crown and throne for each of thefe 
 redeemed ones, whom he took for a iatisfa&ion to his Soul, 
 their crown, and throne, and robes was part of the reward and 
 wages that he wrought for, and asked of his Father, Joh. 17.24, 
 Father, I will that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be with me 
 where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou haft given. 
 me. And 14. 3, I will come again and receive you unto my felf, 
 that where I am, there ye may be alfo. Luk . 12. 32, Fear not little 
 flock;, for it is your father* $ good pleafure to give you the King" 
 dom. Rev. 5.21, To him that over cometh will I grant to fit in my , 
 throne withme^ even as I alfo overcame, and am fet down with my 
 Father in his throne . 
 
 7. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt the parties, what , 
 fhould be the mutual aflurances given betwixt the parties for 
 the performance of the Articles agreed upon. - There needed , 
 no Solemnities betwixt parties who knew one another, and 
 trufted one another fo perfectly *, but for our lakes , that we , 
 might be helped to conceive of this eternal inviolable tranla- 
 £Hon : Therefore upon the one part, 1 . Jehovah giveth his word 
 and faithful promife unto Chrift, Ffal. no. 1, The Lord faid. 
 to my Lord', and not his faithful promife only, but his -oath, 
 alio, Pfal.89. 35, Once have I fw or n by my holinef, that I will . 
 mt lye unto David. Heb.7.21, For thofe priefts were made without.^ 
 an oath, but this with an oath , by him that faid unto him, The . 
 Lordfwore, and will not repent , Thou-art a prieft for ever, after, 
 the order of Melchife dec. 2. Upon the other part, Chriftdoes 
 not only give his word of promife and conient to do this work, , 
 Ffal. 40. 6, Sacrifice and offering thoudidft not de fire, mine. ears- 
 haft thou opened, burnt offering and finroffering haft thou not re~ 
 
 quired \ , 
 
B5 The Conditions required of Chriji in Chap. IV. 
 
 quired, &c. But he alio comes under a Jndicial and Law-acl of 
 Suretifhip, whereby he did from eternity acl himfelf, in the 
 volume of the book^ of God's eternal Records, that he would ful- 
 fil all his undertaking, Heb. 10.7, Then [aid I, lolccme^ in the 
 volume of the book^ it is written of me , to do thy mil , O God. 
 And under this acl: of Suretifhip, I comprehend, 1. His eternal 
 confent to take our Nature and Law-condition upon him . 2. His 
 plighting of his faith and truth to acl: our part , and to anfwer 
 the Law, and Demands of Juftice in our Law-place and condi- 
 tion. 3. His eternal agreement that by his own confent a ju- 
 dicial acl: fhould be put upon him , and ftand in record for ever 
 in Heaven, and irt the volume of books that are there, that this 
 perfon had voluntarily undertaken, and promifed by ftriking 
 hands with Jehovah^ to anfwer all demands of Law and Juftics 
 againft his eleel: people. 
 
 Having offered the before-mentioned fum of the Articles 
 concluded and agreed upon in the Covenant of Redemption be- 
 twixt Jehovah and Chrift :, 1 come in the next place to diftribute 
 and divide that fum , and the things compriled under it, into 
 the reciprocal and mutual engagements of the parties covenant- 
 ing-, to wit, 1. What were the commands and conditions hid 
 upon Chrift, and voluntarily yielded unto by him, in the Co- 
 venant of Redemption. 2. What the promifes and engage- 
 ments that were given to Chrift by the fame Covenant. 
 
 And, 1. Concerning the commands, conditions and engage- 
 ments, which were required of Chrift Mediator by the Cove- 
 nant of Suretifhip : I (hall in thefe eight Aflertions open the 
 nature of them, and what they were. 
 
 Affert. 1. AH the commands of the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, are conditions*, and are to be confidered as fuch^ when 
 they are laid upon Chrift, who came not under commands, but 
 upon terms and conditions. It is not fo in God's Covenant- 
 dealings with us, all the commands of the Gofpel are not to us 
 conditions of righteoufnefs and life (unlefs we underftand con- 
 ditions in a very large and improper fenfe) •, neither is it of the 
 effence of commands laid upon us to be conditions-, for God 
 oweth nothing to our obedience, nor is he obliged to make any 
 promifes to it *, but the commands of the Covenant of Redemp* 
 tion are all of them conditions of that fame Covenant : For, 
 1. They are commands, to the obedience whereof, promifes 
 
 arc 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption* 87 
 
 are n\ade, I fa. 5$. 12, Therefore will I divide him a portion 
 with the great , and he foall divide the [foil with the ftrong, be- 
 caufe he hath poured out his foul unto deaths and he was num- 
 bred with the tranfgreffors , and he bare the [in of many , and 
 made interceffion for the tranfgreffors. 2. They are commands 
 unto which Chrift yielded upon terms, Phil. 2. 7,8, But made 
 himfilf of no reputation , and tooh^ upon him the form of a fer- 
 vant, and was made in the likenefof man. And being found in 
 fafluon as a man , he humbled himfelfr and became obedient 
 unto deaths even the death of the Crofi j therefore God hath highly 
 exalted htm* k 
 
 Affert. 2. All the conditions of the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion , both thefe more general of obeying the Law, and ful- 
 filling all righteoulhefs, Mat. 3. 15, For thus it becometh tt$ to 
 fulfil allrighteaufnefi; and the more ipecial condition of laying 
 down his life, were voluntary free at"ts of Chrift's will and infi- 
 nite love, wherein he was aclred by no neceflity , without his 
 own free confent, Joh. 10. 18, No man takethmy life from me , 
 but I lay it down of my felf^ 1 have power to lay it down, and 1 
 have power to tak* it again ; this commandment have J received of 
 my Father. 
 
 Affert. 3. All the conditions required of Chrift, and under- 
 taken by him m the Covenant of Redemption, were eniiired and 
 certain conditions, there was 110 hazard of failing, nor coming 
 fhort upon his part in any the commands or conditions of that 
 Covenant : therefore it was laid of him, Ifa. 42. 4, Hefhallnot 
 fail j nor be difc our aged till he have fet judgment in the earth. 
 Three things evidence this. 1 . The peribnal union of the two 
 Natures, exempted the man Chrift from all hazard and poflibi^ 
 lity of finning or coming fhort in the obedience of any command 
 or condition required of him. 2. Chrift as man had the Spi- 
 rit above meafure, and the confirming Grace which is given to 
 ele£l Angels in their head Chrift} he had not only thepromiie 
 of the Spirit and heavenly influences to all duties and conditions 
 required of him *, but he had thefe actually, even from his Mo- 
 thers womb, Ifa. 42. 1, Iwillputmy fpr it upon him. Ifa. 11. 2, 
 The Spirit of the Lord fhall re fl upon him. $. There were no 
 threatnings in the Covenant of Redemption (though there were 
 promifes) j becaufe there was no hazard of Chrift's failing in the 
 conditions thereof -, nor poffibility of his falling fhort of the 
 promiled reward. Affert. 4. 
 
83 The Conditions required of Chrijl in Chap. IV. 
 
 Affert. 4. Although it was eminent pure Grace that made the 
 Covenant of Redemption ; yet the conditions thereof required 
 from Chriit, were works j it was doing , not believing , that 
 was required of him , Rom. 5. io> By the obedience of one flail 
 many be made righteous. Joh- 9.4,/ mnjl work^the works of him 
 that fent me. 1 acknowledg there was a kind of faith required 
 of Chrift-man, which cannot be excluded the conditions of 
 this Covenant. ( underftanding conditions in that large ienfe as 
 comprehending all thefe tyes, obligations and duties which the 
 man Chrift took upon him, by taking on our Nature, and our 
 Law-place) * 7 whereof he maketh profefTion , If a. 50. 7, For 
 the Lord God will help me , therefore flail I not be confounded *, 
 therefore have I fet my face like a flinty and I know that I flail 
 not be aflame d. And Pfal. 16. 8, / have fet the Lord always 
 before me *, becanfe he is at my right hand y I flail not be moved ,&c. 
 compared with Act. 2. 25, for David fpeaketh concerning him , 
 I fore f aw the Lord always before my face ; for he is on my right 
 hand, that I flonld not be moved. And Heb. 2. 13, I will put my 
 truft in him. But, i .This faith profefTed by Chrift, was faith of 
 another kind, than that faith which is the condition of the 
 Gofpel-covenanttous*, it was the faith of dependance and re- 
 lying on God, foraffiftance and acceptance in doing the work, 
 which- was the eminent condition of the Covenant of Suretifhipr, 
 but not -a faith whereby he went out of himfelf to rely on ano- 
 ther for righteoufnefs ; it was works, not Grace; not the Evan- 
 gelical Inftrument , but the att and work of faith, 2. This 
 faith profefled by Chrift, was upon another account, and for 
 another ufe \ it was a debt which the holy humane nature of 
 Chrift, being a creature, owed unto God j a debt, I fay, fuch 
 as did not exclude that from being meritorious, and part of his 
 fatisfa&ion (fince it was part of his obedience taken on by vo- 
 luntary compact) no more than his being made under the Law, 
 whereby he was debtor to fatisfie the penalty thereof, did ex- 
 clude his fuffering from being fatisfa&ory *, yet he was not by 
 this kind of believing juftified , and conftituted righteous, by 
 •any righteoufnefs received by his faith , or imputed to him *, 
 as we are juftified by faith. 3. This faith profefTed by Chrift, 
 was neither the whole condition of the Covenant of Suretifhip, 
 nor the chief and eminent part of it (as (hall be made to appear)*, 
 butatmoft it could amount to no more of the condition of 
 
 his 
 
^Chap. IV, the Covenant of Redemption. $? 
 
 hisSuretifliip, than fuch a faith of dependency in Adam be- 
 fore his fall , fhould have been in the conditional part of 
 the Govenant of works that was made with him , and 
 that was but one fingle aft and work of righteoufnefs ; 
 which was a foiall part of the condition of that Covenant- 
 
 AJfert. 5. The conditions of the Covenant of Surety • 
 (hip made with Chrift, did fully and perfectly aniwet 
 the intent of the Covenant of works * 7 and that in both 
 the parts of it copulatively , which did but alternatively 
 oblige manjfor the Law does not oblige man in an abiblute fenfe, 
 both to perfect doing and iufFering, but to one of them j for if 
 we keep the Law,we are not obliged to fuffer, Gen. £. 1 7, But of 
 the tree of th? knowledg of good and evil, thou ft alt not eat of it \ 
 for in the day thou eatefi thereof thou ft alt fur ely die. But Chrift 
 by the conditions of the Covenant of Redemption , 1 . He is a 
 full doer and obedient fulfiller of the commands thereof in all 
 points, Mat. 3. 15, For thus it behoveth us to fulfil all righteouf- 
 nefi. 2. He fully iiiffers the penalty of that Covenant, and 
 fatisfies for the broken commands thereof, I fa. 53.5,6, He 
 
 was wounded for our tranfgrefifions The Lord Laid upon him 
 
 the iniquity of u4 all. Hence, \ . By the conditions of this Co- 
 venant which he performed, he had right to Law-juftification, 
 and life eternal , even by the Law of works j for the righte- 
 oufnefs which he wrought was perfect Law-righteoufnefs, 
 though the imputation of it to us be an act of Grace *, and our 
 receiving it by faith , make it Gofpel-righteoufnefs to us , 
 1 Joh. 1. 7, But if we walk^in the light as he is in the light , we 
 have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jefus Chrift his 
 Son cleanfeth us from all fin. Compared with Rom. 4. ^, But 
 to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that jufiifieth the un- 
 godly, his faith is counted for righteoufnefi. 
 
 AJfert. 6. Neither Ghrift's active nor paflive obedience are to 
 be excluded from making up the adequate condition of the 
 Covenant of Suretiihip : For, 1 . The man Chrift his paflive 
 obedience could not have amounted unto a iatisfaction for us, 
 if by his active obedience, his habitual and actual conformitv 
 unto the holy Law of God, he had not been fuch a high priefi 
 as became us, as is holy, harmlefi, &c. Heb. 7. 26. 2. Although 
 Chrift as man was obliged to obey the Moral Law *, yet confi- 
 dering that he voluntarily took that obligation upon himfelf, 
 
 N and 
 
90 The Matter of Chap. IV. 
 
 and being Lord and Law-giver, he made himfelf under the Law 
 by this Covenant of Suretifhip. I do not fee how his obedience 
 to the Law can be excluded from among the conditions of this 
 Covenant. $. The whole courfe of ChriftVs obedience, from 
 his Birth to his Grave , by doing and differing, is to be confi- 
 dered as the doing and iufrering of fo excellent a perfon who 
 was God-man •, and lb all thefe being a&s fo excellent , and fo 
 undue (except by voluntary condelcenfion), they muft needs 
 be fuch conditions as were part of the price payed by him. 
 4. The obedience of Chrift, and all that he did in obedience to- 
 the Law, being performed by him in the ftate ©f his humilia- 
 tion in which he was , whatfoever he was , for hs^ 2 Cor. 8. % 
 for your fakes he became foor *, all thefe muft have refpeft of con- 
 ditions of his Covenant with Jehovah , which he performed 
 for us. 
 
 Affert. 7. The conditions of the Covenant of Redemption 
 required from Chrift,and performed by him, were meritorious ; 
 that is, they were not confequent conditions, which denote on- 
 ly a connexion and order betwixt the thing promifed, and the 
 condition required *, but they were antecedent conditions, when 
 the condition is the caufe of the thing promiied \ as in contracts 
 of Juftice, where one thing is given for another. So the con- 
 ditions of this Covenant performed by Chrift, did by order of 
 ftritt ]uftice, and )ure emptionis, claim the reward that was pro- 
 mifed and covenanted with him , to be given to himfelf the 
 head, and to his elect people, in whole ftead he fatisfied Juftice 
 by paying their debt with a price of blood } hence it is that he 
 craves the reward to be given, and that in Juftice, for the work 
 he had done, J oh. 1 7. 4, 5, 24, / have glorified thee on the earthy 
 I have finiflied the work^ which thou gave ft me to do. And now, 
 
 O Father, glorifie thou me with thine own [elf. Father , / will 
 
 that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be with me where lam , 
 that they may behold thy glory which thou haft given me - for 
 thou lovedft me before the foundation of the world. Hence it 
 $ alio, that his Advocation is grounded upon Juftice, and he 
 {lands in Heaven, Jefus the righteous, 1 joh. 2. 1. who being 
 nowjuftified and acquitted of the debt that he took upon him 
 by his bond of Suretifhip , whereby he was made fin, and made 
 a enrfe for us, 2 Cor. 5.21. Gal. ^.13. He pleads now the me- 
 at of blood- 
 
 Jfcrs.%, 
 
Ctiap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. 9 X 
 
 Affert. 8. The condition of the Covenant of Suretifhip, is 
 either more general and adequate, or more fpecial and formal ^ 
 and accordingly we muft aniwer the queftion , when 'tis asked, 
 what was the condition of this Covenant i An fa. i . The gene- 
 ral adequate condition of the Covenant of Suretifhip can be no 
 narrower than Chrift's whole undertaking ; fo that whatfoever 
 he undertook to do, whether in his own perlbn, or inhispeo 
 pie ^ for carrying on, and perfecting the work of Redemption 
 from beginning to end, muft be part of the conditions required 
 at his hand •, whereof read Pfal. 40. 6, to 1 1 . compared with 
 Heb. 10. 5, to 1 1 *, all which may beiummed up in fix compre- 
 henfive heads, 1. Chrift's accepting the grand charge of this 
 work of Redemption, even the Mediatory-office that was put 
 upon him ^ he receives the keys of the houfe of David, the truft: 
 and weight of the loft, but elect world ; and all the burthen 
 and care of them is devolved upon him, with this office, Ifa. 22. 
 22, 24, And the ksy of the houfe of David will I lay ttpon hit 
 Jhoulder ', fo hejhall open, and none Jhall Jhut *, and he fall jhutj 
 and none Jhall open : And they fall hang upon him all the glory 
 of his Father's houfe, the offspring and the iffue • all veffels of 
 fmall quantity, from the veffels of cups, even to all the veffels of 
 fiaggons. 2. His taking our nature upon him , and that not in 
 its primitive virgin integrity, but when it was at the worft •, it 
 was a condition of this Covenant, that Chrift fhould humble 
 himfelf to take on him the likenefi of ft nfulflejh, Rom. $. $ , that he 
 fhould take the fame nature that offended divine Juftice, even 
 the fame flejh and blood, whereof the children are partakers, 
 and no other, Heb. 2. 14. $. His taking our Law-place, was 
 another condition ^ not our nature only, but our Law-place 
 and room *, that is, to put his Soul in our Soul's ftead, that the 
 Law of God might reach him , who otherwife could not be 
 reached by the Law ; and that. Divine Juftice executing the 
 curfc and penalty of the Law, might fmite him, as the guilty man 
 being by his own confent , and his bond of Suretifhip become 
 legally the debtor and finner f though not intrinfecally), 
 Gal. 4. 4, made under the Law, and made fin form, 2 Cor. 5. 2 1. 
 though he knew no fin. 4. His acting our part, not in a fcenick, 
 but in a real manner *, he came upon the ftage to represent o^ir 
 perfon, and in our nature and Law-place he really acted our 
 part*, and this was another condition required of him , who 
 
 N 2 per- 
 
9* the Matter of Chap. IV. 
 
 perfectly obeyed the command of the Law, and fuffered the 
 threatning thereof for us, even all that Juftice had threatned to 
 infliit upon the offender and tranlgreflbur of the Law,GW. 3. 1 3. 
 "he was made a curfe for us , Ifa. 55.5, the chaftifement of our 
 -peace was upon him , &c . 5. His ta-ing a new Covenant-right 
 unto God his own Father, and not to God only, but to heaven^ 
 and glory, and all the New-covenant bleflings, whereby the 
 Covenant-right and rites of his redeemed people might be con- 
 folidated in him, as their head \ and whereby he might for ever 
 carry their names and interefts before his Father, as being there 
 reprefented by him, Ffal. 89. 26, He Jball cry unto me, thou, 
 art my Father , my God, and the rock^ of my Salvation. Heb. 2. 
 11. 13, For both he that fanBifieth, and they who are fantli fed , 
 are all of one \ for which caufe he is not ajhamed to call them bre- 
 thren. And again, 1 will put my truft in him\ and again, behold 
 1, and the children which thou haft given me. And 9.24, For Christ 
 is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the 
 figures of the true , but into heaven it fclf, now to appear in the 
 prefence of God, for us. 6. His effectual application of the Re- 
 demption purchaied by his Suretifhip unto all his redeemed 
 ones. And under this, I comprehend Chrift's undertaking for 
 the pouring out of the Spirit, to fend to them his Spirit, to 
 draw them to him,to caufe them to believe ek receive his Surety- 
 nghteoufnefs,to keep them in his favour and love, to caufe them 
 t.opedevere,to prefent them perfefted,and without fppt to God, 
 Joh. 15. 26, But when the Comforter is come, whom J will fend 
 unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth , which fro- 
 ceedcth from the Father , he jhallteftifieofme. Joh. 1 2. \2,And 
 if I be lifted up from the earth , I will draw all men* unto me. 
 "(oh. 6. 37, All that the Father giveth me [hall come to me : and 
 him that cometh to me , I will in no wife caft out . Joh. 6. 39,40, 
 And this is the Father's will that hath fent me, that of all which 
 he hath given mt, I fiould lofe nothing, but flwuld raife it up at the 
 laft day. And this is the will of him that fent me, that every one 
 which feeth the Son, and bclievcth on him, may have everlaftmg 
 life, and I will raife him up at the laft day. Joh. 14. 3, And 
 ff 1 go and prepare a place for you , / will come again and 
 receive you unto my felf, that where I am , there ye may 
 be alfo. 
 
 2. But if ye enquire after the formal condition^ the Co- 
 venant 
 
Chap. IV, the Covenant of Redemption, , 93 
 
 venant of Suretifhip •, I fay it was hte whole obedience a&ive 
 and paflive , even unto death , Phil. 2. 8, and became obedient 
 unto death, even the death of the crop \ though the fpecial, prin- 
 cipal eminent condition of this Covenant may be referred to 
 the principal, eminent , laft aft of his obedience to that fignal 
 fpecial command of laying down his life for the ele<ft, Joh. 10. 18, 
 No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of my felfc I have 
 power to lay it down-, and 1 have power to take it again :, phii com- 
 mandment have I received of my Father. For, 1 . This Cove- 
 nant being a bargain betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, of buying a 
 people to God; then the whole price and ranfom told down and 
 paved for them, muft be the formal condition of that Covenant, 
 whereby we are bought with a price, 1 Cor. 6. 20. 1 Pet, 1 . 18, 19, 
 For as much as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corrupt 
 tible things, as filver andgold, from your vain converfatwn recei- 
 ved by tradition from your Fathers : but with the precious blood 
 ef Chrifl , as of a Lamb without {pot , and without blemijla. 
 2. Chrift was under a fpecial explicite command for the per- 
 formance of this condition of laying down his life ', as is clear 
 from Joh. 10. 18, and Chrift was under a fpecial aft to obey 
 this command, as himfelf acknowledges , Heb. 10.7, Then 
 faid I, lolcome , in the volume of the beck^it is written of me, 
 to do thy will, O my God-, and therefore we may well call it 
 the fpecial condition of the Covenant of Suretifhip. 3. This 
 lolemn acl: of obedience, in offering himfelf a Sacrifice to death 
 for our fins, is the condition of his bond of Suretifhip, that is 
 moft notifed by the Holy Ghoft, and frequently referred unto - 7 
 as may be gathered from Heb.y. 14, 15,26, How much more 
 fljall the blood of Chrisl , who through the eternal Spirit offered 
 himfelf without jpot to God, purge your confeiences from dead 
 works, to ferve the living God. And for this caufe he is the 
 Mediator of the New Teftament , that by means of death for 
 the Redemption of the tranfgreffions that were under the firft Te- 
 ftament , they which are called might receive the promifc of eternal 
 inheritance. — but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared 
 to put away fin by the facripce of himfelf Rom. 8. 1, — God 
 fending his own Son in the likenefi of finful fie fin , and for fin 
 condemned fin in the fie fl?. And therefore when we fbeak of 
 the condition of the Covenant of Suretifhip, this is to be held 
 the fpecial eminent condition thereof. 4. The Father "of our 
 
 Lord 
 
94 ?% e Conditions required of Chrift in Chap. IV,, 
 
 Lord jefus Chrift ftates the condition of this Covenant upon 
 this eminent iblemn aft of his obedience, even his making his 
 foul an offering for fin, &c. for-vent which he makes the great 
 promiies of his glorious reward, J fa. 5 $. throughout. 5. Our 
 Lord Jefus Chrift himfeif does own this as the ipecial condi- 
 tion of his Coovenant of Suretifhip , and that both at his 
 entringinto the world, Heb. 10. 5,7, Wherefore when he cometh 
 into the world, he faith, facrifice and offering thou wonldft not\ 
 but a body baft thou p re pared me. Then faidj, lo I come, in 
 the volume of the boohjit is written of me y to do thy will, O God : 
 And about, or at th* time of his leaving the world 9 when he 
 had fulfilled, or was about to fulfil all his undertaking and con- 
 ditions to his Father, Job. 17.4, / have glorified thee on the 
 earth , / have finijlied the worh^ which thou gave ft me to do. 
 With 1 p. 50, When Jefus therefore had received the vinegar, 
 he f aid, it ufinifhed, and he bowed his head, and gave up 
 the ghoft. 
 StiMr Huthctf. Thefe being the fum of the conditions required from Cht 1ft, 
 Trut.'ofthcco- and undertaken by him-, let us enquire alio after the promiies 
 vinant, p. 2. made to Chrift, and the encouraging-conditions that were 
 ch. 11. And raa de to him by Jehovah, for undertaking fo hard a work 
 Mr. Robert* as was tn e redemption and recovery of loft man : Thefe were 
 
 C, 2. °* ei 8 nt * 0rtS * 
 
 The firftkindof promifes made to Chrift in the Covenant 
 of Redemption, were fuch as relate to the offices, authorities, 
 trufts and powers that were covenanted to hiro, for the doing 
 of this work. 1. I lay, Jehovah promifeth to inveft Chrift 
 with offices iutable to that great work of Redemption, to 
 make him Lord Mediator of the new Covenant ', to make 
 him great Lord Ambaflador, that he might go and travel in 
 that bufineis of our Redemption ; to make him a King, a Prieft, 
 and a Prophet,for effecting this bufinefs, Pfal.i 10. throughout, 
 The Lord f aid to my Lord, fit thou at my right hand,^-he foall 
 judge among the heathen, — the Lord hath fworn^ and will not 
 repent , thou art a Prie& for ever, Ifa.49. 6. And 42. 6,7, 
 J will alfo give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou may ft 
 be my Salvation unto the ends of the earth, — to open the blind 
 eyes, Sic. Pfal. 2. 6, 7 , Tet have J fet my King upon my holy 
 hill ofZion ; I will declare the decree, the Lord [aid unto me, &c. 
 2. God did not only promife to inveft Chrift with offices and 
 
 ■trufts ^ 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. . c/5 
 
 trufts •, but with authorities and powers alio , with headffiip 
 and power of judgment over Men and Angels, that fhall make 
 them all bow to him, Rom. 14. 10. II, We [hall all ft and before 
 the judgment feat of Chris! *, for it is written. As I live, faith 
 the Lord., every knee jhall bow to me, and every tongue ft) all con- 
 feft to God* He was not a titular King or Prieft , nor a 
 fcenick one, a King upon a ftage-, but a King upon a throne, 
 Luk± 1. }2, 11, And the Lord God ft) all give unto him the 
 throne of his father David. And he fhall reign over the houfe 
 if Jacob far ever, and of his kingdom there jhall be no end. A 
 King that had power to bow the hearts of his Subjects, and 
 to crufh the greateft Heads and Rulers in the world that op- 
 pofe him , TfaL 110. $. 5, 6, Thy people ft) all be willing in the 
 day of thy power. — 7 he Lord at thy right hand ftiall ftrike through 
 kings in the day of his wrath. He ftudl ]udg among the hea- 
 then, he ft all fill the places with the dead bodies, he jhall wound 
 the heads over many countries. And 2. 9, Thou ft) alt breaks 
 them with a red of iron, thou ft)alt daft) them in pieces like a 
 potter's vejfei And 45. %, 4, 5, Gird thy fword upon thy thigh, 
 Omofh mighty, with thy glory and thy majefty. And in thy ma- 
 jefty ride profperoufty, becaufe of truth andmeeknefs, an d right e- 
 eufneft, and thy right hand Jhall teach thee terrible things. 
 Thine arrows are ftiarp in the heart of the kings enemies, 
 whereby the people fall under thee. A perfonin offices, who 
 had all judgment committed unto him, who had power given him 
 over, all flejh, Joh. 17. 2. and all power in heaven and earth, 
 Mat. 2&. 18. this was he to whom all the honourable offices 
 and ablblute powers of his Father's houfe was promifed, that 
 he might aft and give orders, and let up, and put down, and 
 none to controul him, Ifa. 22. 22, 24, And the key of the houfe 
 of David, will I lay upon his ftoulder, fo he ft all open and none 
 fhall ftut, and he ftiallftmt and none jhall open. And they ft) all 
 hang upon him all the Glory of his father's houfe, the offfprin* 
 and the iffue , all veffels of fmall quantity, from the vejfels of 
 cups, even to all the vejfels of flaggons. 3. I iky, the Lord Me- 
 diator had all thefe offices and authorities by Covenant •, the 
 Lord promifed to him, and covenanted with him to give him 
 thefe offices , for doing the work of Redemption ■ therefore 
 we read Pfal. 89. that Chrift (who there is called David) is 
 conftituteda King by jCovenant, % 3,4*, and by what Cove- 
 nant ? 
 
9 6 The Conditions required of Chrijl in Chap. IV. 
 
 nam? even by that Covenant whereby the help of God's 
 elect people was laid upon him, v. 19. anci this was the Cove' 
 nam of Suretifhip ar.d Redemption *, and in ihe lame place we 
 read of the ftanding foft of God'? Covenant with him, v. 28. 
 even that Covenant whereby he was made higher than the 
 Kings of the earth, ^.27. And again, we find the lame Co- 
 venant whereby he had a Lifting Kingdom lWorn with him, 
 v. 34, 5^, Aiy Covenant will I not breaks nor alter the thing 
 tbjit is gone ont of my lips : Once have I [worn by my holinefi f 
 that I will not lye unto David. To the lame purpofe alio, 
 there is an eath interpoled with the promife of his Prieft- 
 hood, to (hew that he was in that office by a more unalte- 
 rable Covenant than that which was made with Levi-, Mai. 2.5, 
 My covenant with him was of life and peace * 9 compared with 
 Heb. 7. 21, For thofe Pr lefts were made without an oath *, but 
 this with an oath, by him that faid unto him, the Lord [ware 
 and will not repent, thou art a Prieft for ever. The fecond kind 
 ^ • of Promifes made to Chrift, are fuch as relate to the gifts, en- 
 dowments, and habitual furniture which was necefTary unto the 
 man Chrift, for performing this great work *, he had an inftru- 
 mental fitnefs for this extraordinary work, Jfa. 11. 2, $,4, 
 And the fpirit of the Lord ft all re si upon him, the fpirit of wif 
 dom and under ftanding , the fpirit of counf el and might, the fpi- 
 rit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord. And ft:all make 
 him of qitick^under ftanding in the fear of the Lord, : andhefhall 
 not judg after the fight of his eyes , neither reprove after the 
 hearing of bis ears. But with righteoufnefs fliall be judg the 
 poor, and reprove with equity for the meek^of the earth : and he 
 jhall [mite the earth with the rod of his mouth , and with the 
 breath of his lips ftjall he flay the wicked. And under this fort 
 of Promifes, I comprehend, 1. The Sanctiflcation of our na- 
 ture to beaftumed by him , and infufion of habitual Grace in 
 the holy humane nature of Chrift, from the very firft moment 
 of his conception, and of rhe perfonal union of the two na- 
 tures,/,/^ 1 . 1 5, Therefore alfo thzt holy thing which Jhall be born 
 of thee, ftall be called the Son of God. Heb. 7, 26, For fuch an 
 high prieft became us, who is holy, harmleft, undcftled, feparated 
 fromftnners, and made higher tmp the heavens. . 2. The grow th 
 of Grace, whereof the man Chrift was capable, who was made 
 in all things like his brethren (except Qn) , we muft therefore 
 
 cone 
 
Chap. IV. the^Covemnt of Redemption. 97 
 
 conceive of his growth, to have been without fmful weaknefs , 
 iind to have been in experience, and in phyfical intention, and 
 bendednefs of ads of obedience, which the Law does not re- 
 quire in like degree from the young as from the old, Lul^ 2. 52, 
 Andjefusincreafedin wifdomand fiature , and in favour with 
 God and man. Heb. 5.8, Though he were a Son , yet learned he 
 obedience by the things which he fuff ere d. Zech.6. 12, Behold 
 the man whofe name is the Branchy and he jhall grow up out of 
 his place , and he fiali build the temple of the Lord. 3. The 
 a anointing in its fulneis without raeafure, and above his fellows - y 
 whereby the man Chrift was full of Grace, and had a fulneis 
 for this work, whereof no other creature was capable, 
 
 Pfal. 45. 2, 7, Thou art fairer then the children of men\ 
 
 Grace is poured into thy lips *, therefore God hath bleffed thee 
 
 for ever . Thy God hath anointed, thee with the oyl of gladnefl 
 
 above thy fellows. Joh. 1. 14, And the word was made flef), and 
 dwelt among ta-i and we beheld his glory , the glory as of the only 
 begotten of the Father ', full of grace and truth. And 3. Hjfor 
 Godgiveth not the fpirit by meafur? unto him. 4. The overflow- 
 ings of his fulnefs , whereby the Spirit and All-iaving Grace, 
 being placed in him as in a Store-houfe and Treaiure , not for 
 himielf only, but for his elect people :, did run down and flow 
 out from the Mediator, from Chrift God-man, as water from 
 a fountain and frefh lpring , as dropping fhowers from full 
 clouds, Joh. 1. 16, And of his fulncfi have all we received, and 
 grace for grace. Col. 2. $, In whom are hid all the treafures of 
 wifdom and kgowledg. And 1. 19, But fi pleafed the Father 
 that in him Jlwuld all fulnef dwell. 5. The bodily inhabitation 
 of the fulneis of the God-head in him : By vertue of that un- 
 conceivable myfterie of the peribnal union, he had a-perfbnal 
 fulnefs, Col- 2. 9, for in him dweilcthall the fulnef of the God- 
 head bodily. 
 
 The third kind of Promifes made by Jehovah to Chrift, and 
 covenanted to him, were iuch as relate to his actual fupport 
 in the execution of this office, and performing of the work 
 which he undertook*-, for the man Chrift being a creature,needed 
 more than habitual Grace, and anointing with gifts for iuch 
 a work ♦, there was a neceffity that he fhould not act inde- 
 pendently , without influence from God. And to this kind 
 of promifes may be referred the promifes of heavenly influences 
 
 O to 
 
<j8 '?£e Vromifes made to Chrift in Chap. IV. 
 
 to all the a£bof his Mediatory-office, and his Surety-obedience \ 
 fo that as the man Chrift needed the Spirit and Influences, thefe 
 were enfured by Covenant unto him*, fo that it was impoflible 
 that the man Chrift could fin y or come fhort in performing all 
 his Father's pleaiiire (as Adam finned , and fell fhort of the 
 command), having actual influences enfured unto him, as well 
 as habitual Grace :' hence he faith of himfelf, Job. 16. 32. and 
 8. 16, / am not alone -^ it was impoflible that he could be left 
 alone of his Father y.md to him was the promife made, I/a. 1 1 . 1 2, 
 The fpirit of the Lord foall refl upon him • the Spirit and hea- 
 venly influences, were his conftant companions, Jfa. 50. 4, He 
 wake net b morning by mornings he wakraeth mine ear to hear at 
 the learned. The promife of help, ftrength , fupport, and 
 afliftance, which are the immediate effects of actual influences, 
 and in which the heavenly influences of the 'Spirit have a proper 
 efficiency and caufality^there is a divine furniture of ftrength and 
 afliftance promifed to him in the difcharge of his office, & in eve- 
 ry aft of his obedience, Jfa- 42. 6, J the Lord have called thee in 
 righteoufnef y and will hold thine hand y and will keep thee. Pfal . 89. 
 2 1, With whom my hand pall be eftabUfied^ mine arm alfe Jhall 
 ftrengthen him. The promife of confirming Grace:the man Chrift 
 had the promife of the lame confirming Grace in his obedience, 
 and office, and covenant- ftate of favour, which is now given 
 to the elect Angels in Chrift their head, Jfa. 49. 1,2,3, Liften 
 Oljles unto me y and hearken ye people from far *, the Lord hath 
 called me from the womb , from the bowels of my mother hath 
 he made mention of my name. And he hath wade my month 
 like a fiarp fwcrd , in the jhadow of his hand hath he hid me r 
 and made me a policed floaft , in his quiver hath he hid me. . 
 And faid unto me , thou art my fervant, Jfrael , in whom J 
 will be glorified. And 42. 4, He fliall notfail y nor be difcoura- 
 gedy till he have fet judgment in the earth. To him is the pro- 
 mife made, that he (hall never be bowed nor broken *, he (hall 
 not be turned off his work nor his way, by any thing that he 
 can meet with. 
 
 And this kind of Promifes is made to Chrift-man , to en- 
 
 Medul.Bibl.b, 2. courage him (as Mr. Roberts obferves), 1 . Againft the utmoft 
 
 € - a * extremity of his fufferings, when he fhould make his Soul an 
 
 offering for fin, when the wakened-up fword of divine Juftice 
 
 fhould finite him , Zech. 1 J. 7, Awak*i O fword } againft, my 
 
 facvherd 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant ofRedeMpfioh. 9? 
 
 Jhepherd, &c and againft the man that is my fellow, faith the 
 Lord of hofls. Though he was forfaken for a time , and 
 wanted influences of confolation , and felt-fruition of the pre- 
 fence of God , Pfal. 22. i. Mat. 27.45 \ yet thefe promiies 
 were verified to him, aud God ftood by him with influence 
 of ftrength , fupport , afliftance , and prefervation in all his 
 Mediatory-adminiftrations , till he laid, the work is finified, 
 Joh. 19. so. Pfal. 22. 9, But thou art hethattook^me out of the 
 womb , thou didft make me to hope when I was upon my mothers 
 breafis. 2. Againft all oppofitions and enemies : There was 
 much oppofition made to Chrift ?% and many were againft him j 
 but againft all the rage, plots, combinations of Jews and Gen- 
 tiles, the Lord ftood by him, and let up his Kingdom, Pfal. 2. 
 2, 6, The kings of the earth fet themfelves, and the rulers take 
 counfel together againft the Lord, and againft his anointed ;— 
 let have I fet my king upon my holy hill of Sion. Acl. 4. 27,28, 
 For of a truth againft the holy child Jefm, whom thou haft anointed, 
 both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of 
 Ifrael were gathered together , for to do whatfoever thy hand 
 and thy counfel determined before to be done. 3. Againft the 
 deepeft difcouragements that he fliould meet with .in the dif- 
 charge of his office : H< is lupported by thefe promifes made 
 to him, and accordingly he encourageth himself, If a. 49. 4,5,6, 
 Then faid I , I have laboured in vain, I have f pent my ftrength 
 for naught , and in vain ; yet furely my pdgment is with the 
 Lord, 'and my wor\wiith my God. And now, faith the Lord 
 that formed me from the womb to be his fervant, to bring Jacob 
 again to him : Though Ifrael be ■ not gathered ; yet flail I be 
 glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God fuall be my ftrength. 
 And he fiid, it is a light thing that thoujhouldft be my fervant to 
 ruife up the tribes of Jacob, and to r eft-ore the preferred of Ifrael; I 
 Will alfo give thee for a light of the Gentiles, that thou may ft be my* 
 fahation unto the end of the earth. 
 
 The fourth kind of Promiies made by Jehovah unto Chrift in 
 the Covenant of Redemption, were fuch as relate to the iucceis- 
 fulnefs and prolpering of the work of Redemption in his hand. 
 3^nd unto this head, 1 refer, 1. The promiie of God's making 
 Chnft the man of his right hand ; and that hot only in refpecl: of* 
 lpecial love and honour, but efpecially in refpedlof inftrumen- 
 Tality v whereby God promiies to make Him the main Inftru- 
 
 O 2 meat 
 
IOO 7 he Trotnifes wadetoChrifttH Chap. IV, 
 
 mentof aftion, that ihouldbe made ferviceable to his ends iw 
 the work of Redemption, Pfal. 80. 17, Let thy hand be upon 
 the man of thy right handy upon the Son of man whom thou madest 
 ftrongfor thy felf. 2. The promife of a luccefsful hTueofhis 
 undertakings : the Lord covenanted! to Chrift, and giveth to 
 him aflurances that he fhall eilect the work which he under- 
 taken j as if Jehovah had been Surety for this, he ftrikes 
 hands with him, that he fhall go and profper, If a. j4j io,The 
 plea fare of the Lord jliall profper in his hand. — He fliall fee of; 
 the travel of his foul. — by his kgowledg fliall my righteous fer- 
 vant yeflifie many. Iia. 49. 6, 7,8, And he f aid, it is a li?ht 
 thing that thou fliouldsl be my fervant to raife up the tribes of 
 Jacob , and to reft ore the preferved of Ifraei -, / will alfo give 
 thee for a, light to the Gentiles, that thou may fibs my falvation 
 iwto the end of the earth. "Thus faith the Lord., the Redeemer- 
 of Ifraei , and his holy One, to him whom man defpifeth, to him 
 whom the nation abhorreth, to a fervant of rulers ^ Kings fliall fee 
 andarife, Princes alfo fhall worfliip, becaufe of the Lord that is ^ 
 faithfd j and the holy One of Ifraei *, and he fhall chufe thee. 
 Thus faith the Lord, in an acceptable time have I heard thee, and. 
 in a day of falvation have 1 helped thee ^ and I will preferve 
 thee, and give thee for a Covenant of the people, to eflablifli the. 
 earth, to caufe to- inherit the de folate, her it Ages. 3. The pro- 
 raifes of victory over all his enemies: the Lord covenanteth with 
 Chrift, that whofoever maketh oppofition to him in any of 
 his offices, in anypaft of his work, of working Redemption 
 and Salvation for his elect people, fhall be trodden down, and 
 fhall fall before him, Pfal. no. 1, 5,6, Sit thou at. my right 
 hand, until J maki thine enemies thy footHooL The Lor dat thy 
 right hand fliall ftrikethrough kings in the day of his wrath. He 
 fliall judg among the heathen ^ he fliall fill the places with the 
 dead bodies , he fliall wound the heads over many countreys,- 
 Pfal. 89. 2 1, Aed I will beat down his foes before his face, and 
 plague them that hate him. 4. The promifes of triumph : 
 God covenanted with him, not only to give him the victo- 
 ry, but a moft glorious publick triumph over Principalities 
 and Powers, and all oppofitions and enemies to his undcrta* 
 kings, Jfa. 5 $-.-. 12, Therefore will I divide him a portion with the 
 great, and he fliall divide the fpoil with the.flrong* Eph. 4. 8, 
 Wherefore he faith, when he a fc ended u-p on high, he led capti- 
 vity 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. l.oi 
 
 vky captive, and gave gifts unto men. Col. 2. 15, And having 
 foiled princ palities and powers, he made a frewof them openly,,, 
 triumphing over them in it. It was in the f.iith of thefe Promiies 
 made to Chrift concerning his Father's (landing by him in this 
 work, and crowning it with iucceis in his hand, that he put 
 on that holy hardneis againft all oppofition, and walked as un- 
 concerned who ftood in his way, fince his Father was with him, 
 engaged by fb iblemn an act of promiie and covenant made 
 with him, I fa. 50. 6,7,8,91, 1 gave my back^to the f miters, 
 and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair : I hid not my 
 face from frame and (pitting. For the Lord God will help me ^ 
 therefore jhaU I not be confounded ; therefore have I fet my face 
 like a flint , and J know that I frail not be a framed. He isneer 
 that juslifieth me, who will contend with me f let us sland toge- 
 ther :, who is mine adversary ? let him come neer to me. Behold, 
 the Lord God will help me, whais he that frail condemn me? lcr y 
 they all frail wax old as a garment, the moth frail eat them ups 
 The fifth kind of Promiies macie by Jehovah to Chrift in the 
 Covenant of Redemption , were tnofe that relate unto his 
 Fathers acceptance of the travel of his Soul in this work of 
 our Redemption. And under this I comprehend, 1. What-' 
 ibeverwas fpokento him of his Father's deleftation,and taking 
 pleaiure in the perlbn of Chrift God-man, and in his Mediatory- 
 traniaclions *, all- delight arileth from futablenefs , and this* 
 from Chrift's futablenefs unto the Lords ends, and thelVrvice 
 unto which he was chofen , and his iutable actings unto thefe 
 ends, Luk^ }.2i,22, Now when all the people were baptized, it 
 came to pafi that Jefus alfo being baptized, and praying, the he a-* 
 venwas opened'. And the Holy Ghofi defcended in a bodily fr ape- 
 like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, which f aid, - 
 thon art my beloved Son, in thee 1 am well-pie a fed. Pro v. 8. $Q y - 
 Then I was by him as one brought up with him , and I was daily 
 his delight,' re'joycing always before him. lfa. 42. I, Behold my 
 fervant whom J uphold, mine el$U, in whom my foul delighteth^ 
 2. The promiie of gracious acceptance to whatibever he fhould 
 aft or requeft, on the behalf of his Redeemed ones, within the 
 time of Grace. J fa. 49.8, Thus faith the Lord, in an acceptable 
 time have J heard thee, and in a day ofjalvation have I helped- 
 thee. Joh. 1 1. 41,42, Father I thank, thee that thou hafi heard: 
 me : And I knew that thou loeareft. me always. Heb- 5. 7, Who. 
 
 in, ■ 
 
f 02 Tie Tromifes made to Chriji in Chap. IV. 
 
 in the days of hisfleft, when he had offered tip Prayers and Sup pli- 
 cations, with f rang crying and tears, unto him that was able tofave 
 him from death, and was heard in that he feared. $. The Pro- 
 ^ miles of Juftification: there wasfome fort of Juftification co- 
 venanted to him, which he eyeth , and wherewith he encou- 
 raged himfelf under hard and reproachful ufage, If a. 50. 8, He 
 is near that pfiifieth w, who will contend with me ? and accord- 
 ingly it is laid of him, 1 Tim. 3. 16, he was juftified in the 
 fpirit - 9 and though he was not capable of remiflion of fin, and 
 juftification from intrinfecal guilt ^ for he had none, being 
 holy, harwlep, unde filed, and fepar ate from finners y Heb. 7. 26. 
 becaufe he had done no violence *, neither was there any deceit 
 in his mouthy Ilk. 53. 7- Yet juftification is promifed to him, 
 and he is laid to be juftified, 1. Becaufe he was a per feci: doer 
 .and obeyer of the Law, 1 Joh. 1 . 7, But if we walk^ m the light 
 as he is in the light, we have fellow jhip one with another , and the 
 blood of Jefiu Chriji his Son cleanfeth nsfrom all fin, Chrift did 
 in all things give confummate and perfect obedience to the Law: 
 and this is to be juftified by a Law- juftification and title to life, 
 which Adam fhould have had •, if he had obeyed the Law and 
 Covenant of works. 2. When his caufe is juftified, he himfelf 
 is formally juftified, in refpect of thefe fins for which he un- 
 dertook to fatisfie : the caufe that he ftood for in the Covenant 
 of Redemption , the action is win in Law that he ftood for, 
 and that was his elect peoples caufe, for whom he ftood when 
 Tufticefmote him*, he is juftified and acquitted from our fins, 
 rhough he had none of his own, Rom. 6. 9, knowing that Chrift 
 being raifed from the dead , dieth no more *-, death hath no more 
 dominion over him. 3 . He is juftified as a publick perfon (though 
 in no private capacity) as head of the party whom he repre- 
 sented, and whole Law-place he took upon him , as one who 
 perlbnated and acted the part of another bv allowance and 
 warrant of Law, Heb. 2. 10. 13, For it became him for whom 
 are all things, and by whom- are all things, in bringing in.zny Sons 
 unto glory, to make the Captain cf their falvation per jell through 
 fiifferings. — And again, I will put my truftin him-^ and again,, 
 Behold, I, andthe children which God hath given ^e. 4. He is 
 juftified deelaratively, in regard that he was declared by a Law- 
 act: and Judicial-declaration, to bzjefitsthe righteous, 1 Joh. 2.1.. 
 whohadiatisfied the Law, Mom. 1.4, And declared to be the 
 
 Son 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. 103 
 
 Son of God with power , according to the fpirit of holine ft, by the 
 refurrelHon from the dead * 7 he was declared juftified by his 
 rcfurrection , even as he was declared condemned by his death. 
 5. He is juftified bycancelling his bond of Suretifhip which he 
 gave to Jehovah ', and now having compleatly fatisficcl for 
 our debts, which was the intent of that bond of Suretifhip, the 
 right is cancelled, according to the manner of the Creditor's 
 delivering back the bond to the Debtor when it is latisfied : 
 And thus we are to conceive, when he blotted out the hand- 
 writing of ordinances that was again ft n$ , Col. 2. 14. that he 
 had then a difcharge of his bond of Suretifhip for our debt ; 
 for his bond could not lye for our debt, when ours was cancelled 
 And though the preciie fcope of that Scripture and Context 
 lead us to underftand the cancelling there mentioned, as firftly 
 relative to the Ceremonial-Law *, yet I know no reaion why 
 wefhould reftricl: it to that only; but, we may extend it to 
 the finsagainft, and threatnings of the Moral Law alfo, info 
 far as that is a writing againft us , efpecially fince the words 
 immediately before, fpeak of Juftification and remiffion of all 
 Cms, as a fruit of Chrift's death ; and the words following, de- 
 clare the extent of his death in this glorious conqueftand tri- 
 umph over all his peoples enemies. 6. He is juftified, bccauie 
 it is a&ed and recorded in the volume of the book of the writ- 
 ten word, that he hath fulfilled what was written of his under- 
 taking in the book of God's eternal Decrees *, and in this fenfe- 
 aperlbnmay befaid to be juftified, who being atted in the 
 record of a book to perform any thing, or to pay any debt, 
 or to become baiie for any perfon, when it is thereafter alfo re- 
 corded of him, that he latisfied and performed his undertaking, 
 And thus we find that his undertaking and luretifhip that was- 
 recorded ere he came into the world, Pfal.^0.6, Sacrifice and 
 offering thon didft not deftre, mine cars haft thou opened, burnt' 
 offering and fin- offering haft thon not reqniredfac. Is alio recor- 
 ded of him to have been latisfied by him, when he came into 
 the world, Heb. 10. 5,6, 7, Wherefore when hecometh into the 
 world, he faith, facrifice and offering thon wotddft not \ but a body 
 haft thon prepared me. In burnt offerings and facrifces for fin 
 thm haft had no picafitre. 'Then faid 7, lo J come, in the vo~ 
 lame of the book^ it is written of me , to do thy will , O God. 
 7. He is juftified, becaufe he is openly relaxed and chftaifTed the 
 
 Pri&n? 
 
IC4 ihz Trom}fcs made te Chrift in Chap. IV, 
 
 Priion , after that he had entered his perfon for payment of 
 the broken man's debt: the Debtor being under lafh and exe- 
 cution of Law at the Creditor's purliiit, and let go again, is 
 juftitied and acquitted. And thus was Chriffc judicially and 
 by authority of God loofed from death, from the Priion and 
 Fetters j becaufe the Priion could not hold him, nor the gripes 
 and fetters of death detain him Prifoner , when the Sentence 
 of the Law was fatisfied, and the Judg declared him free, 
 Aft. 2* 24, Whom God hath raifed up, having loofed the fains of 
 death , becaufe it was not pojfible that he jlwuld be holden of it ; 
 'tis a Phrafe like to that Pfal. 105. 20, The king fent and loofed 
 him, even the rider of the people, and let him go free. Rom. 6. 9, 
 . Knowing that Chrifl being raifed from the dead, dieth no more m 7 
 death hath no more dominion over him. 
 
 The fixth kind of Promii'es made by Jehovah unto Chrift, 
 were theie that relate to the reward that fhould be given to 
 him for this great work and fervice in our Redemption : And 
 iuch were, 1. The promiie of exaltation, after the debafement 
 , and ignominy that he fhould humble himiclf unto, in the exe- 
 cution of his Suretifhip •, Jehovah covenanteth with him to 
 advance him to the greateft height of dignity and honour 
 that is in earth or heaven, Pjal. 89.27, Alfo I will make him 
 my fir ft born , higher than the kings of the earth. And 1 10. 7, 
 He Jhall drwk^of the brook^in the way \ therefore fij all he lift up 
 the head. II a. 53. 12, Therefore will I divide him a portion 
 nith the great i and he jhall divide the fpoil with the ftoong - 
 which was performed unto him, Phil. 2. 8 , And being found 
 in fafirion as a man, he humble dhimfelf and became obedient unto 
 death, even the death of the Crofi \ therefore God hath highly ex- 
 a!tedhim,&c. Heb. 1. i->When he had by himfelf purged our fins, fate 
 down on the right hand of the Ma)efty on high : Which promifes 
 and performances have a peculiar refpeft to the exaltation of 
 Chrift in his refurreclion from the da-d, afcenfion unto heaven, 
 and fefTion at the right hand of God-, whereof read Pfal. 16. 
 8, 9, 10, 1 1, compared with AEb. 2. 25, to 32- And i 5. 32,5 3. 
 and Pfal. 1 10. 1. compared with Aft. 2. 34, 35. 2. The pro- 
 mile of fatisfattion , a reward that fhould fatisfie hi n, a reward 
 that fhould-be according to his own heart, and at his own ask- 
 ing and craving , Jfa t 53.1 1, He Jhall be fatisfied. Pfal. 2. 8, 
 Ask^of me } and J jhall give. 3. The promiie of a feed : Since a 
 
 redeemed 
 
Chnp. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. I0 5 
 
 redeemed feed Was one of Ch rift's ends for which he ferved } 
 he endured hard labour, he fuffered, he died : which, next unto 
 the honour of God, was upon his heart. The Lord by Covenant.. 
 with him, promifeth that he mall not want ofT-fpring , he fhafl 
 neither want children nor heirs, he (hall have the fatisfacTion - ,\ , 
 Which he defired , Ifa 5 3. 10, 1 1 , When thou fralt make his 
 foul an offering for fin, he frail fee hit feed. — He frail fee of the 
 travel of his foul ', and frail be fatisficd. Heb. 2, 1 3, Behold, J, 
 and the children which God hath given we. Eph. 5. 25, 26, 27, 
 Chrifl alfo loved the Church, and gave himfelf for it , that he 
 might fantlife and cleanfe it with the wafring of water by the 
 word : That he might prcfent it to himfelf agloriom Church, not 
 having Jpot or wrinkle, or any fuch thing ', but that it frouldbe holy 
 and without ble mt fr *, and if this was one of Chrift's ends for 
 which he wrought, and a part of his reward which his Father 
 prcmiied to him •, then, 1. Sure he is Lord and Mafter of the 
 will of man , and hath a forcible ibveraignty and dominion 
 over man's free well, to bow and determine it (which Armi- seeMrRutherf. 
 mans and Socinians denyj, elfe how can he promife a feed to Tn at. of 'the Co* 
 Chrift, and undeclinably and inluperably make that promife v . enm » P- 2 « 
 good , and caufe them believe and perfevere unto the end, c -9-p-? 2 7>& c « 
 whereby they come and abide his feed ? Then, 2. There is no 
 more definable fight to the eye of Chrift, than to fee all his Re- 
 deemed feed about him in his Father's houfe , fairly landed, 
 and without the reach of all poflible danger of perifhing, 
 Job. 17. 24, Father, I will that they alfo whom thou haft given 
 me, be with me where lam. Heb. 2. 1 3, Behold, I, and the chil- 
 dren which God hath given me. Then, 3. There can be nothing 
 more certain than the faith , perfeverance and falvation oi 
 Chrift's elect and redeemed feed * 7 in regard it is both under- 
 taken by Chrift in his part of the Covenant of Suretifhip , and 
 promifed to Chrift by his Father *, and fo undertaken by Jeho- 
 vah alfo , in the articles of the Covenant of Redemption, 
 4. The promife of a large Dominion and Kingdom : the Lord 
 promifeth to Chrift, that a large and flourifhing Kingdom fhall 
 he given him , over many countreys , and that he fhall have 
 many fubjefts, and thefe conquering too , who fhall ftand laft 
 in the fields, and have a proiperous war until the day of their 
 Redemption, Pfal.i.S, Askjfme, andlwillgive-theethebea- 
 
 P then 
 
1 06 Tile From? fa made to Chrijl in Chap. IV. 
 
 then for thy inheritance, and the utter wo fl farts of the earth for 
 thy pojfejfion. And 72. 8, 9, 1 1, He (hall have dominion from 
 fea to fea, and frov the river unt the ends of the earth. They 
 that dwell in the wtlderncf frail bow before him, and his enemies 
 frail lick the dufl , yea, all Kings frail fill down before him, all 
 Nations frail ferve him. And I 10. 3, Thy people Jhall be will in or 
 in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holme f , from the womb 
 of the warning . Ma!. 1. II, For from the rifing of the Sun, even 
 unto the going down of the fame, my name jhall be great amow 
 the Gentiles, and in every place incenfe (hall be burned unto my 
 name, and a pure offering *, for my name frail be great amona. 
 the heathen, faith the Lord of hofrs. Zech, 9. ic, His dominion 
 frail be from, fea to fea, and from the river , even to the cads of 
 the earth. Dan. 7. 14, And there was given him dominion and 
 glory 1 and a Kingdom that all People., Nations and Languages 
 fhdtildjervehim'j his dominion is an everlafiing dominion > which 
 frail not pafi away, and his Kingdom that which frail not be de- 
 Ihoycd. 5. The promife of glory, a peculiar glory in heaven, 
 throughout eternity to the Lord Mediator and Redeemer, to 
 the Lamb that was flain, who wrought this great and glorious 
 work of our Redemption , this glory he crave th as his wages, 
 Joh. 17.4, 5, I have glorified thee on forth, I have finifred the 
 worl^which thou gave ft me to do : And now-, O Father , glorifie 
 thou me with thine own felf. This glory he eyed when he was 
 at hard labour about the work, //^49'4>5> Surely my judg- 
 ment is with the Lord, and my wor^wlth my God.*~-Though lfraeU 
 be not gathered \ yet ■■fall I be^ glorious in the eyes of the Lord, 
 and my God fall 'be my ftrength* Heb. 1.2. 2, Who for the ]oy 
 that was fet before him, endured the crof. This glory was pro- 
 mifed to him, Zcch. 6. 1 j, He frail build the temple of the Lord, 
 and he frail bear the glory. Ha. 22. 24, And they frail hang- upon 
 him all the glory of his Fathers honfe \ this glory i> actually 
 payed to him in heaven,where theXamb has a throne, Rev. 22. i. 
 But the throne of God, and of the Lamb, frail be in it. And 7. 17,. 
 For the Lamb which is in the mid ft of the throne, frail feed them ^ 
 where there is a new Song fung unto the Lamb,.fov. 5. 9, 10, 
 And they fung a new Song, faying, thou art worthy to take the book^ 
 and to open the feals thereof', for thou waft fiain, and baft redeemed 
 us to God by thy bloody out of evjry kindred, and tongue , andpi 
 
 and 
 
-Chap. IV, ihe'Covenant of Redemption. T07 
 
 and nation : And haft made us unto our God Kings and Priefts^ 
 and we flail reign on the earth. Yea, and a crown and glory tor 
 his redeemed ieed, was part or' the reward promifcd to him, 
 and for which he wrought, Job. 17.24, Father, I wultha: 
 they alfo whom thou haft given me y be with we where I a>n , that 
 they may behold my glory which thou haft given me. Luk. 12. £5, 
 fear not little flocks for it is yonr Father's good pleafure to 
 give you the Kingdom, 2 Pet. 5.4, And when the chiif 
 Shevherd flail appear , ye flail receive a crown of glory. 
 
 the ieventh kind of Promiies made by Jehovah to Chrift, 
 were thefe that relate to intereft } I mean, the new contracted 
 mterefts, Covenant-interefts that were promifed to him, as 
 part of this agreement betwixt Jelwvahmd Chrift Mediator , 
 out of which did ipring all the new Covenant-interefts and re- 
 lations that we have to God : And fuch were , 1. The intereft 
 in God as his God by Covenant', for to him was the great 
 Mother-promife of the Covenant made, 1 will be his C.od % 
 Pial. 89. 16 ? Heftiallcry to me., thou art — my God : This intereft 
 is bound up with him in the Covenant of Suretifhip. 2. The 
 intereft in God as his Father.by Covenant, to Chrift was pro- 
 mifed, and with him was bound up a new Sonftrip and Cove- 
 nant-title to God as his Covenanted Father, Pfal. 89. 26, He 
 flail cry unto me , thou art my Father. Heb. 1.5, / will be to 
 jfim 'M F other r and he ftiall.be to me a Son ; and thefe Covenant- 
 relations and interefts, and the cpmpellations arifing from them, 
 we find Chrift own and acknowledge Joh: 20. 17, 1 afcend.unto 
 my Father and your Father } and to my Godandtoyour God? Hence 
 he calleth us brethren, children of the lame Father • j who have 
 one Covenant-relation with him, to the fame God, Heb. 2. 12, 
 / mlLdeclare thy name unto my 'brethren * r -hence God is called 
 the God and Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, 1 Pet. 1 , $. . $ . The 
 intereft of Saviourfhip , for to the man Chrift 'tis promifed 
 that jehovah fhall be the rock o{ his Salvation, P/W/89. 26. he 
 .{hall cry to mt % Thou art my God f -and the rock^of my Salva- 
 tion : hence he cryed, Father fave me from this hour? Joh. 12.27, 
 Jehovah was a Saviour to the .man Chrift fronv the things that 
 he luffered as our furety ; he faveth the head and body : there- 
 fore it is laid, Heb. 3.7, that he cryed to him that was able to 
 fave him from death. 4. The intereft of headlhip : when Chrift 
 
 P 2 was 
 
Je8 the Vromifcs wade to Chrijl in Chap. IV. 
 
 was given to be head of his body the Church, he took upon him 
 the man Chrift, the Mediator took upon him a new relation to 
 God as his head , which is founded and bound up in the Cove- 
 venant of Suretifhip *, by which this comely order was efta- 
 blifhed, that Chrift fhould be a head to his Church , and God 
 fhould be a head to the man Chrift : In this reiptft it is faid, 
 that Chrift is God's, i Cor. 3.23, and how I As ye arc Chrisls, 
 and all things arc yours *, that if, in a fubordination to do fervice, 
 1 Cor. 1 1. 3, and the head of Chrift is God ; the G od and Father 
 of our Lord [eius Chrift muft be the head of Chrift *, a head by 
 union, to which Chrift is united by bonds of union, not natural 
 only, but federal, Joh. 1 o. 50, /, and my father are one. Joh. 1 . 1 , 
 And the word wa< with God\ a head by influence of Spirit and 
 Grace to the man Chrift, who liveth by the Father, Joh. 6.37, 
 As the living^ father hath fent me, and I live by the father } a 
 head by way of order, who is over Chrift Mediator , and to 
 whom the man Chrift is fubjeft, 1 Cor. 15.28, Then fli all the 
 Son alfo himfelf be fubjett to him that put all things under him. 
 5. The intereft of hearing Prayer, Pfal. 89. 26, Heftull cry 
 •unto me •, this is bound up among the Covenant-interefts, which 
 he took upon him by his Suretifhip, and by this relation : when 
 Chrift fhould humble himfelf to pray , Jehovah promifeth to 
 hear him, and he hath hearing by Covenant, as his feed alfo 
 have it, //rf.49.8, In an acceptable time have I heard thee. ]oh. r 1. 
 41,42, father , I thanks thee that thm haft heard me: 'And I 
 knew that thou hear -eft me always. Heb. 5. 7, Who in the days of 
 his fie (h y when he had offered up Prayers and Supplications with 
 
 ftrong crying and tears unto him that was able to fave him from 
 deathy and wo* heard in that he feared. Thefe and the like inte- 
 refts and relations were covenanted to Chrift ; and out of thefe 
 Covenant-interefts engaged unto him, did our Covenant-rela- 
 tions fpring. 
 
 ThelaftkindofPromifes made by Jehovah to Chrift, were 
 thefe which relate to the whole defign and intent of his Sureti- 
 fhip: And the great and publick effects which it fhould pro- 
 duce in the whole frame of the creation, for the ele& redeemed 
 peoples fake. Andfuch were, l.The promife of delivery of 
 the whole creation from bondage and vanity, unto which it 
 was made futoeft for man's Sin, and whereof the whole world 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption. \oy 
 
 is Tick, like a woman travelling in birth, &wz.8.20, 21,22, 
 
 For the creature was made fub)e ft unto 'Vanity , not willingly, but 
 by reafon of him that hath fub]efted the fame in hope : Becaufe 
 the creature it felf alfo jhall be delivered from the bondage of 
 corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God : For we 
 hrww that the whole creation groaneth and travelleth in pain toge- 
 ther until now. 2. The promile of reftoring all things to their 
 primitive perfection : all things were broken , defaced anJ 
 marred by man's fin ; infomuch that the beauty of them all is 
 gone, and nothing remains upon theie inferiour creatures, but 
 the old mines of glory * 9 but there (hall come a time of the refli- 
 tutlcnof all things, Aft. 3. 21. and who fhall do this? Chrift 
 mends and makes all things new again by his Surety-covenant, 
 that were broken by the rupture of the Covenant of works, 
 Rev. 2 1 . 15, And J faw a new heaven , and a new earth :> for 
 the fir ft heaven, a?jdthe fir ft earth were pa (fed away, and there 
 was no more fea. Andhe that fate upon the throne, faid. beheld, 
 J make all things new. 2 Pet. 3. I $, Neverthelefs , we according 
 to his promife, look^for new heavens and a new earth, wherein 
 dwetleth righteoufnefs. $. The promife of reftoring the broken 
 league that was betwixt man and the reft of the creatures in 
 their original condition, when all obeyed Adam, and were de- 
 pendersupen him :, after the violation of which there was conr 
 tinual war and jarring betwixt man and the reft of the creatures *, 
 fin did make a breach in the whole creation ', when man finned* . 
 all the creatures became enemies to him, and one to another*, 
 but now in Chrift all the creatures are reconciled, Eph. 1. 10, 
 That in the dijpenfation of the fulnefi of times he might gather toge- 
 ther in one, all things in Chrift , both which are in heaven, and 
 which are on earth, even in him. Hof. 2. 18, And in that day 
 Willi make a Covenant for them with the be aft of the field, and with 
 the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground ^ 
 and I will breaks the bow, and the fword, and the battel out of the 
 earth, and 1 will make them to lye downfafely. By Ch rift's Sure- 
 tifhrpandthe Covenant-promifes through him, the creatures 
 are brought in a new league with man , Job 5. 23, For thou 
 jhalt be in league with the ft ones of the field, and the beasls of the 
 field Jhall be at peace with thee. Plal. 121.6, The Sun flmUmt 
 fmitztheeby day , nor the Moon by nifht. 4. The promife of 
 
 removing 
 
10 The Vromifcs mack to thrift in Chap. IV. 
 
 removing the 'Law c uric out of all difper rations , and writing 
 the Goipcl-bleiTing upon them , that all and every of them may 
 be bleffings in Chrift to his Redeemed people : Dent. 28. 4, 5, 
 Bleffed flail be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy ground, 
 and the fruit of thy cattily and the encreafe of thy kfne j blefjed 
 flail be thy basket } and thy fere :, that even the rods and chaftife- 
 v ments, which are curies of the Law to the wicked, ( Dent, 28. 
 15, 16, But it flail come to pafi y if thou wilt not hearken unto the 
 voice of the Lord thy God, to obferve to do all his commandments 
 and ftatktcs which 1 command thee this day , that all thefe curfes 
 fl all come upon thee and overt n^ thee. Cur fed flak thou be in 
 the city, andcurfcdflalt thou be in the field, ckc.J fhould be cove- 
 nanted-mercies, and written in the boo:, of the Covenant of 
 Grace to God's elect people, Pfal. 89. 30, 31,$$, If his children 
 fcrfakj my Law, and walkjiot in my judgments , If they breaks my 
 flxtutes, and keep not my commandments , then wilt I vifit their 
 iniquity with the rod. — Neverthdef, my loving kindnefs will I not 
 utterly take from him, nor fuffcr my faithfulnefs to fail. Heb. .12. 6, 
 For • whom the Lordloveth, he chafeneth, and fcourgetb every Son 
 whom he receiveth. 5. The promiie of eftablifhing and fetling 
 all things that were let a reeling by the breach of the Covenant 
 of works : it is promiled that Chrift (hall be the repairer y it is 
 hethateftablilhesthe earth, ib that the creatures that are for 
 man's ufe, are not deftroyed , for Juftice did require as fpeedy 
 vengeance upon men, as it did upon the Angels*, and the Sen- 
 tence had been executed immediately, had not the Covenant of 
 Suretifhip prevented it *, and in this refpect the very reprobate 
 have ibme temporal advantage by way of Concomitancy, and 
 for the elects fake, I fa. 49. 8, Thm faith the Lord } in an accep- 
 table time have I heard thee , and in a day of Salvation haze 
 I helped thee. Col. I. 17, And by him all things confisl. 
 Heb. 1. }, /Upholding all things by the word of his power. 
 All thefe, and promifes of like nature , were made to Chrift 
 the firft.heir , whom God appointed heir of all things-, Heb. 1.2. 
 and for his fake they redounded unto them who flail be 
 heirs of Salvation , Heb. I. 14. and it is upon this very ac- 
 count that the whole Creation are commanded to ling, 
 becaufe Chrift the reftorer of all things, is come to the 
 throne, Pfal. 96. H 5 12, 13, Let the heavens rejoyce , and let 
 
 the 
 
Chap. IV. the Covenant of Redemption* \tt 
 
 *he earth be glad : let the fea roar and the fulncfi thereof. 
 Let the field be ]oyful , and all thzt is therein \ then 
 fliall all the trees of the wood re Joyce before the Lord, 
 for he cometh ', for he cometh to yidg the earth '■, he flmll )udg the 
 world with righteoufnef, and the people with his truth. And 
 98. 7,8,9, Let the fea roar , and the fulncfi thereof: the 
 world , a>id they that dwell therein. Let the floods clap- their 
 hands , let the hills be )oyf altogether before the Lord, for he cometh 
 to yidg tht earth * 9 with right eoufnefi f Jail he judg the world, and. the 
 people with equity. 6. The promiie of the reipective eminent: 
 change of the Government from the ible efTential Government 
 of [Jehovah, to; the difpeniatory Government of the Media- 
 tor, Joh.^.ll, Fcr the Father judgeth no man % bat hath 
 committed all judgment unto the Son. I Cor, 15. 25, For 
 he mus~b reign till he hath put all enemies under his feet ', for 
 fuppofing that, the Covenant of works fhall be broken, the 
 world cannot now any more be ruled according to the rules 
 of that Covenant , to wit , by God the Father imme- 
 diately - 7 for then he muft deftroy man : therefore toge- 
 ther with the change of the Covenant, there mutt needs 
 be a change, of the Government*, Chrift as. Mediator' mult: 
 govern the world, I fa. 9^6, The government fhall be upon 
 his Jlwulder : and he muft judg the world in our nature, 
 Aft. 17- 31 , The man whom God hath appointed : and he 
 reigns not only over the Church -, but alio ( though in a 
 far different way ) over all the Kingdoms of the world, 
 and all things in the world, for the Churches fake, Fph. 1. 
 2,1, 22, Far above all principality, and power, and might, and 
 dominion , and every name that is named , not only in this 
 world , but alfo in that which is to come. And hath put 
 all things under his feet , and gave him to be the head over 
 all things to the Church. Heb. X. 5.-— 7. 8 , For unto the 
 Angels hath he not put in fubjeilion the world to come , 
 whereof we Jpeak^- — Thou made si him a little lower than 
 the Angels » and. thou crownedfl him with glory and honour, 
 and didst fct him over the works of thy hands. Thou hap: 
 put all things in fubjetlion under his< feet ; for in that he -' 
 put all in fubjeition under him, he left nothing that is 
 mi put under him : But now we fee not yet all things 
 
 w ■ 
 
1 1 2 The PromiCes made to Chrjjl in Chap. IV. 
 
 pit under him. 7. The promiles of the iervice of all the 
 world, and of all the creatures •, God promiieth , and will 
 hive the fervices of all the creatures brought about; firft, 
 to Chrift, and then to him by Grind:, he hath the iervice 
 ( f all the world promiied him , and indeed he payed for it ', 
 for he bought it with a price ; the fervice of Tome as Sons 
 to live with him, and enjoy him for ever, TfaL 1 10. $, Thy peo- 
 ple flail be willing in the day of thy power , in the beauties of holi- 
 ne$, from the womb of the morning ; and the iervice of others as 
 flaves, Pfal. 2. 9, Thou flalt breaks them with a rod of iron , thou 
 flalt dafl them in pieces like a potters vcffel. And 72. 9, n, 
 They that dwell in the wildernef flail bow before him, and his 
 enemies flail ticket he duft^Tea, all fags flail fill before him, 
 and all nations flail ferve him. The whole veiieis of this great 
 houfe, the world *, whether they are vefTels of honour or disho- 
 nour, Men or Angels, .elect Men or Reprobate, elect Angels 
 or Devils ; yet all muft be for the Matter's ufe , 2 Tim. 2. 20, 
 But in a great houfe there are not only veff els of gold and of fi- 
 ver , but alfo of wood and of earth \ and fome to honour, and 
 [owe to diflonour. Prov. 16. 4, The Lord hath made all things 
 for him f elf • yea, even the wicked for the day of evil. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
Ch. V. ii? 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 Of the Harmony of the Covenant of Sureti- 
 flip made with Chriji 5 and the Covenant 
 of Reconciliation and Grace made with 
 Sinners, i. Wherein they agree. 2, Where- 
 in they differ. 3. What Conjunction and 
 Connexion is betwixt thefe Covenants. 
 
 THereis a great affinity between the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion made with Chrift, and the Covenant of Reconcilia- 
 tion made with Sinners *, but it is not the fame Covenant that 
 is made with Chrift , which is made with us : * We are 
 therefore to take heed to two extreams, That we neither con- 
 found, nor divide thefe two Covenants. There is a likenefs be- 
 twixt them, but not a famenef s } there is an union here, but not 
 an evennefs ; there is here a diftinttion, but not a divifion } a 
 conjunction, but not a confufion : Let us therefore look upon 
 theie two Covenants, 1. As agreeing in many things, yet not 
 being the fame, butftill to be diftingutfhed. 2. Differing in 
 many things *, yet not to be divided nor feparated . }. Conne- 
 cted and coajoyned many ways •, yet not to be confounded. 
 
 1. The Covenants of Redemption and Reconciliation,agree 
 together (befide thefe things that are efTential, and fb common 
 to all Covenants, which I do not here mention); in the firft 
 rife of both, pure, foveraign, free Grace was the fountain of 
 both *, hence did both thefe Covenants fpring : There was no 
 caufe, reafon, motive, nor allurement from without, nor any 
 neceflityof nature within , that made Jehovah upon the one 
 part, nor Chrift upon the other, enter into this agreement of 
 Suretifhip •, it was his meer good and gracious pleafure, as is 
 already proved *, See Eph.- 1 . 9, Having made known unto w the 
 myfterie of his will, according to his good plea/are, which he pur- 
 posed m him f elf. 2 Tim .1.9, Who hathfaved %a , and called m 
 with an holy calling *, not according to oht work** but according t* 
 
 CL his 
 
**4 T" e "*mtony °f ™ e Covenant made north Cbrijt, Ch.v. 
 
 his own purpofe and grace, which wot given us in Chrift Jeftu 
 before the world began. And the fame is the fountain-caufe, 
 the firft fpring and rife of God's Covenant of Reconciliation 
 with us ; it is not from any realbn, caufeor motive in us, nor 
 from any neceflity upon God ; but meerty his gracious pleafure, 
 Eph. 1 . 7, In whom we have Redemption through his blood, the for- 
 givenefs of fins , according to the riches of his grace. Deut. 7. 
 7-, 8, The Lord did not fet his love upon you, nor chufeyou, bc- 
 e-aufe ye were more in number than any people : But becaufe the 
 Lord loved yon, and becaufe he would keep the oath which he 
 had /worn unto your fathers. Mat. 1 1. 25, / thank^ thee , O <■ 
 father, Lord of heaven and earth , becaufe thou haft hid thefe 
 things from the wife and prudent, and haft revealed them unto » 
 babes , even fo father, forfo it fe erne d good in thy fight. 
 
 2. Theie two Covenants agree in. this*, That it is the fame 
 defignmd bufmefs that is carried on in bothrThe Redemption of 
 a, loft or lapfed ele& people , or as the Apoftle calls it, Heb. 2. 
 K>, The bringing many fons to glory : This was the bufineis that 
 Chrift did undertake by the Covenant of Suretifhip, and which 
 he doth profecute and perfect by the Covenant of Reconcilia- 
 tion: This was the thing that was treated and agreed betwixt 
 Jehovah and Chrift, and is now over again treated and agreed 
 betwixt Chrift and us, Tit. 1. 2, In hope of eternal life, whieh « 
 Cod that cannot lye promt fed before the world began. 2 Cor . 5 . 1 9, 
 Cod was in Christ reconciling the world unto himfelf, not imputing 
 their trefyaffes unto them ; and hath committed tons the word of 
 Reconciliation. Joh. 17. 4, / have glorified thee on the 
 earth , / have finifoed the worl^ which thou gaveft me 
 to do. 
 
 I . Thefe two Covenants agree in this, That the grand Inftru** 
 mentality of doing the work in both theie Covenants, is upon 
 .Chrift ^ he was to be the main Inftrument of aclion in the work 
 of thefe two Covenants, and is therefore (as for other reafons, 
 io alio upon this account) called the man of God's right handy 
 PfaL8o. 17. whofe inftrumentality and fervice God did ufe, 
 fron^beginning to end, in all this bufmefs, both of Redemp- 
 tion and Reconciliation, Eph. 1.7, In whom we have redemp- 
 tion through his blood. Col. 1.20, And having made peace 
 through the blood ef his croft , by him to reconcile all things 
 to him/elf. 
 
 4. They 
 
Chap. V, With the Covenant made with vt. 1 1 5 
 
 4. They agree in this , that both tfiefe Covenants arcxom- 
 men far able with Gods eletlion of the parties with whom he made 
 the Covenants : He firft chufeifihrift, and by an eternal defti- 
 nation, ele&ed him to be the only perib.n that fhould work 
 the great work of Redemption, and be the Captain of Salva- 
 tion to his people *, and with him only he makes the Covenant 
 of Redemption, Pfal. 89. 19, / have exalted one chofen ont of 
 the people. Again, he makes choice of an elect Company to 
 follow this Captain, to be a people favedby the Lord, and with 
 this elect company only, chofen in Chrift, ne makes a Covenant 
 of peace and reconciliation in him , Lh\: i. 68, 69, Bleffed be 
 she Lord Gedoflfrael, for he hath vifited and redeemed his people : 
 And hath raifed up an horn of Salvation for u* in the houfe of 
 hisftrvant David In both (I lay J the Covenant is comraen- 
 furate to God's election •, the parties with whom God made 
 both thefe Covenants, were firft chofen ; he firft chufeth, and 
 then eovenanteth with the elect head, and with the elecl body 
 and members, and with them only } See Pfal, 89. i, I have made 
 a Covenant with my chofen. 2ThefT. 2. 1 j, God hath from the 
 beginning chofen yon to Salvation , through fanttification tf the 
 fpirit, and belief of the truth. 
 
 5. Thefe Covenants of Redemption and Reconciliation agree 
 in this, that the principal ends of both, are the fame:, which were, 
 
 1. The higheft manifeftation of all the Lords glorious attributes, 
 which were fo manifefted in Chrift , ajhey were never known 
 before (whereof in its proper place) ; this was one of the prin- 
 cipal ends which the Lord had before him, both in the Covenant 
 of Redemption, and the Covenant of Reconciliation, Eph. $. 
 9, 10, 1 1, And to make aU men fee what is the fellowship of the 
 Myftery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in 
 God, who created all things by Jeftu Chrift. To the intent that 
 mwmto the principalities and powers in heavenly places, might be 
 l^Hown by the Church, the manifold wifdom of God , according to 
 the eternal pnrpofe, which he pur po fed in Chrift Jeftu our Lord. 
 
 2. Thehigheft and neareft union of man with God, was one o{ 
 the Lords ends in both thefe Covenants, to makeup fuchan 
 union betwixt God and Man, as might be a ground and foun- 
 dation of futable communion , Joh- 14. 20 , At that day ye 
 fraU kgow that J am in my father, and yon in me , and I in yon. 
 
 1 Cor. 6. 17 , But he that i* joyned to the Lord, is one Jpirit* 
 
 Qji 3- Another 
 
1 1 6 The harmony of the Covenant wade with Chrift. Ch.V. 
 $. Another principal end which God had before him in his 
 Covenant-dealings, was the higheft and fulleft communication 
 of himfelf toman*, this end was propofed in both thefe Co- 
 venants of Redemption and Reconciliation *, God would dif- 
 penfe nothing of himfelf unto the creatures, but by his Son *, 
 and through his Covenant with him, and with us, he purpofed 
 to communicate himfelf to us , I Joh. 5. 1 1 , And this is the 
 record, that God hath given to ns eternal life, and this life is in 
 his Son. And 1. 3, And truly our fellow jhip is with the Father, 
 and with his Son J ejus Chrisl. 
 
 6. The Covenant of Suretifhip made with Chrift , and the 
 Covenant of Redemption and Grace made with finners, agree 
 in this, That the good and advantage of both thefe Covenants 
 redounded unto us , even as the honour of both accrues unto 
 the Lord, who after the opening of this fubjett of his Cove- 
 nant-dealings with Chrift, and through him withus,vjy^. 42. 
 1, to 8, immediately fubjoyns, I am the Lord, that is my name, 
 and my glory I will not give to another^ both thefe Covenants 
 were tranfa&ed to the praife of the glory of his grace, Eph. 1. 6. 
 But the profit and advantage of both is ours, not his ; and 
 if thefe words, Pfal. 16.2, 3, My goodnef extendeth not unto 
 thee, but to the Saints that are in the earth, and to the excellent, 
 in whom is all my delight, be the words of Chrift Correlating to 
 Covenant- tranfa&ions betwixt Jehovah and Chrift), as moft 
 
 Ta Cocc D<?P art °f tnat P^ m ls -> and fome Expofitors apply it ; and I do 
 
 feed, c. p. not ^ ec wn y it: ma Y not rtft^ fidy be applied to Chrift, than to 
 
 p. io5. ' David -, I fay, if thefe words be Chrift's, they fpeak the point 
 
 * in hand fully. Befides, ieeRom. 5. 15, The grace of God, and 
 
 the gift by grace, which is by one man Jefus Chrifl, hath abounded 
 
 unto many. 2 Cor. 4.15, For all things are for your fakes, that the 
 
 abundant grace might through the thanksgiving of many, redound 
 
 to the glory of God. 
 
 7. They agree in this,That there is exchange of places betwixt 
 Chrift ancl his elect redeemed feed, in both thefe Covenants. In 
 the Covenant of Suretifhip he taketh our Law-place and room, 
 and putteth himfelf in the finners ftead fas hath been faid), 
 Heb. 10. 7, Lo, Icome;to do thy will. And again, in the Cove- 
 nant of Reconciliation, we take Chrift's Law-place, or rather 
 have beftowed upon us that place, and room with God, which 
 the Law allowed to ftbf that obeyeth the Law, and fitisffeth 
 
 the 
 
Ch. V. With the Covenant made with us. ny 
 
 the Law to the full : Hence 'tis faid, that we are made the righte- 
 oufnef of God in fa, 2 Cor. 5. 21. This is our place by the Co- 
 venant of Reconciliation, to have that high righteouihefs of 
 our Surety, unto which the .God-head gave excellency, and the 
 right eoufnef of the Law (isfaid) to be fulfilled inns, Rom. 8.4. 
 to wit, the paflive righteoufnefs thereof, in fuffering for the 
 breach of the Law : and how was this ? only by commutation 
 and exchange of places with Chrift our Surety, who put himfelf 
 in our place, and put us in his. 
 
 8. The Covenant of Redemption, and the Covenant of Re- 
 conciliation, agree in many properties ; both thefe Covenants 
 are free, gracious, everlafting, ordered in all things , fure, &c 
 as may fully appear by what is already ipoken of the properties 
 of the Covenant of Suretifhip , and by the fecond part 
 of* this Treatife, which relates to the properties of the Covenant 
 of Grace. 
 
 2. In the next place let us take notice of the difference be- 
 tween the Covenants of Redemption and Reconciliation,where- 
 by it may appear that thefe are two Covenants, and not one 
 and the fame. Thefe Covenants differ, 
 
 1. \nthtrife: although they agree thus far in the rife, that^Afr.Rutherf, 
 both thefe Covenants had the rife from Grace (as I have ^' eat '0f the Co- 
 (hewed), yet they differ in this, that the Covenant of Redemp- ^f J p ' 2 * 
 tion and Suretifhip did fpring out of Grace in both the parties * 7 
 for therein did the Grace of Jehovah. , and the Grace of Jelus 
 Chrift appear '-, it was the gracious pleaiiire and good will of 
 both the parties, which equally gave it the firftrife. But the 
 Grace that giveth the rife to the Covenant of Reconciliation, is 
 not fhared between the parties, but it Hands all upon one fide : 
 Grace in God, and in our Lord Jefus Chrift, without any gra- 
 cious cjifpofition or qualification upon our part (^ till it be 
 wrought in us by the Grace of Chrift) giveth the firft rife to 
 the Covenant of Reconciliation and Grace made with finners, 
 Tit. 2. 1 1, For the grace of God that bringeth .Salvation, hath 
 appeared unto all men. 1 Joh.4. 10,19, Herein i$ love, not that 
 we loved God i) but that he loved us, anajent his Son to be the 
 propitiation for our fins. — We love him, becaufe he fir ft loved us, 
 Rom. 5. 6,%,-For when we were yet without ftrcngth, indue time 
 Chrift died for us. — But God commendeth his love toward us, in 
 that while we were \<t finners, Christ died fir us, 
 
 2. Thefe 
 
:x»i8 the 'difference of the Covenant made with Chrifi [Ch. V. 
 
 2. Thefe Covenants differ in the property of eternity, for al- 
 though both are everlafting Covenants,yet both are not eternal: 
 The Covenant of Redemption is eternal *, for the Lord does not 
 b^ginin time to defign Chrift a Surety and Mediator *, nor 
 does the Son begin in time to be a Confenter , but we are to 
 underftand the Apoftles faying, he was madefurety, Heb. 7. 22. 
 by Chrift's own ikying, / was fet up from everlafting, &c, 
 JProv. 8. 2 1- 1 Pet. 1. 20, Who verily was fore-ordained before 
 the foundation of the world j but was manifeft in thefe lafi times 
 for yon. But the Covenant of Reconciliation is no more eter- 
 nal, than all other things which come to pafs in time, which 
 were from eternity decreed with God, Aft. 15. 18, Known 
 unto God are aH his works, from the beginning cf the world ^ for 
 although the Covenant of Reconciliation was decreed from 
 everlafting ; yet it had no being as a Covenant, nor could have 
 any , till firft there were objects created to deal with in the 
 way and terms of a Covenant *, till firft the Covenant of 
 works were entered with man, and broken too •, till firft raan 
 by his breach of the firft Covenant , and his fall into fin and 
 enmity with God, became a qualified object for reconciliation, 
 and the Grace that is peculiar to this Covenant : Then came 
 the news and knowledg of a Redeemer to Adam, immediate- 
 ly after his fall (for the Grace and love of Chrift which longed 
 for this opportunity, to be made manifeft, made hafte,when man 
 was now a qualified object); then tidings came in all hafte to loft 
 man , of a Saviour , when he was lying fick unto death of his 
 fall, 'Tit. 1. 2, 3, In hope of eternal life, which God that cannot 
 lye, promifed before the world began-. But hath in due time mani- 
 fefled his word through preaching'-, then came the ranfom to be tefti- 
 fiedin due time. 
 
 3. The Parties are different. In the Covenant of Suretiflup 
 and Redemption , the Parties are Jehovah and his only Son 
 Chrift fas is before proved) ; but in the Covenant of Recon- 
 ciliation, the Parties are God the Father, Son and Spirit, and 
 loft Sinners, 2 Cor. f. 10, God was in Chrift reconciling the 
 World unto himfelf, not imputing their trefpaffes unto them. The 
 one is ftricken betwixt God and Chrilt God-man, a perfon that 
 is not meer man, confidered in the precife notion of Recon- 
 ciliation, as betwixt God and meer men, iTjw.2.5, For there 
 is we Gidy and one Mcdhttcr between G*d -And men, the man 
 
 Chrifi 
 
Chrift Jefus. The one is a Covenant betwixt God and his only 
 begotten natural Son, Heb. 5. 5 ; the other is betwixt God and 
 many Sons 1 even his adopted Sons, Heb. 2. 10. the Covenant 
 of Redemption is made with Chrift perfonal ( as hath been 
 proved,) - 7 the Covenant of Grace ( as it comprehends the 
 whole buflnefs of Grace, from beginning to end J with Chrifi 
 myftical, head and body, Heb. 2. 1 3; with him and the children 
 whom God hath given to him v the Covenant of Suretifhip is 
 made with Chrift as a peculiar chofenperfon, Pfal. 89. rp, I have 
 exalted one chofen oat of [the people ; who did by that Covenant 
 take upon him a publisk capacity, wherein he did ever there- 
 after act, in heaven and earth *, but the Covenant of Grace is 
 made with Chrift as a pub Helper fin, reprefenting many with 
 Chrift, as the fecond Adam, who flood and covenanted for all 
 his feed, Heb- 2. \\, Behold,!, and the children which God hath 
 given me. Rom. 5. 19, For as by one mans difobedience, many 
 rotre made finner s *, fo by the obedience of one, jhall many be made 
 righteous. Gal. *. 16, Now to Abraham and his feed were the 
 promifes made : be faith not j and to feeds, as of many, but as of 
 one, and to thy feed which is Chrifi. The Covenant of Re- 
 demption was betwixt God , and the man who is his fellow, 
 Zech.13.7. the Covenant of Reconciliation is betwixt God 
 and Men, who are the work of his hands*, not bis equals, but 
 his fubje&s, his fervants, &c. and thefe of the loweft rank and 
 degree, Heb. 2. 6, 7, What is man, that thou art mindful of him, 
 or the Son of man, that thou vifitefi him : Thou madefi him a little 
 lower than the Angels. The Covenant of Redemption is be- 
 twixt God and his Son in favour and friendfhip with him, who 
 never offended him, Mat. 3 . 17, This is my beloved Son, in whom 
 J-amweU pieafed; but the Covenant of Reconciliation is be- 
 twixt God and his enemies, fmners at variance and enmity with 
 God *, and it's made with Chrift, only as he took the finners 
 place, Rom. 5.8. 10, But God commendeth his love towards us, 
 in that while we were yet fmners, Chrift died for us \~*-for when 
 we were enemies, we were reconciled to God. 
 
 4. The Covenant of Redemption , is an equal Covenant *, 
 but the Covenant of Reconciliation is unequal : This difference 
 is in the Nature of thefe Covenants* I fay, the Covenant of 
 Redemption is an equal Covenant, being betwixt equal parties, 
 and upon e<jual terms and conditions (as I have already (hewed); 
 
 But 
 
I 2C* me arjjerence oj tnc uovcnam maae vpnn tnrtjt v>n.V» 
 
 But the Covenant of Reconciliation made with Tinners , is an 
 unequal Covenant, where there is> i. Infinite unequality be- 
 twixt the parties, betwixt Man and his Maker; God who 
 worketh, and who flail let it? [fa. 4 3. 1 3. and man, who layd 
 in the b.illafice, is altogether lighter then vanity , Pfal.62.9. Be- 
 t . , ixt God who giveth conditions to his creatures ,* but taketh 
 none from them *, and man, who giveth no conditions to God, 
 but is bound to accept what conditions he is pleafed to give. 
 2. There is a vaft diiproportion and unequality in the terms and 
 conditions of this Covenant, betwixt that which is promifed 
 • upon God's part, and that which is required upon man's part *, 
 betwixt the condition of the Covenant of Reconciliation, and 
 the promifes and bleflings thereof : O what vaft unequality 
 and difproportion betwixt our little faith, and of low 
 ftature*, and the far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory 
 that is promifed to the believer ! 2 Cor, 4. 18. 
 
 5. There was no Mediator in the Covenant of Redemption, 
 neither was there need of any *, the parties covenanting being 
 ib near to one another, and in fb good terms, Prov. 8. 30, 
 Then was I by him, as one brought up with him, and I was daily 
 his delight, rejoycing always before him. Neither could there be 
 any Mediator in this Covenant} for who could interpofe be- 
 twixt the Father and the Son? Joh. 10. $0, /, and my Father 
 are one ^ and from whence fhould the Mediator fee taken when 
 that eternal tranfaftion was made when Chriffc was fet up 
 from everlafting , before his works of old ? Prov. 8. 22, 2 j* But 
 in the Covenant of Reconciliation, there is a Mediator ( the 
 need whereof, we fhall fhew in its proper placed •, there is a 
 days-man, a perfon who interpofeth betwixt the parties who 
 are at variance , and travelleth in the peace, 1 Tim. 2. 5, for 
 there is one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the 
 man Chrifi Jefus. Heb. 1 2. 24, And to Jefas the Mediator of the 
 new Covenant, 
 
 6. The Promifes of thefe two Covenants are different : 
 1. There be many promifes in the Covenant of Reconciliation 
 made to us, that cannot agree to Chrift. , and whereof he was 
 not capable-, fuchas the promifes of a new heart, ofcleanfing 
 from all fllthinefs and Idols; the promifes of repentance, re- 
 miflion of fins, and the like, £2:^. $6. 2. There were pro- 
 mifes made to Chrift in the Covenant of Rederaption>that were 
 
 pecu- 
 
Ch. v. from that which is made with Hf. I3i 
 
 peculiar to himfelf, that were peculiar for the preheminency oT 
 the Head and Captain of our Salvation , and whereof we are 
 not capable, fucl> as a throne at the right hand of God, a name 
 above every name, Dominion from Sea to Sea, all power in 
 Heaven and Earth, and the like, Heb. 1.8, \\. Phil. 2.8,9. 
 Pfal.Sg. li. 25, 27. Jfa. $3. 10, 1 1. Mat. 28. 18. 
 
 7. There be many threatnings annexed to the Covenant of 
 Reconciliation : Threatnings of Gofpel- vengeance to the tranf- 
 greflbrsof the Covenant, Heb. 2. $, How Jhall we efcape , if 
 we negleft fo great falvation y which at fir ft began to be Jpoken by 
 the Lordy and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him? 
 1 Cor. 16. 22, If any man lave not the Lord Jefns Chris! , let 
 him be Anathema Maranatha. But there are no threatnings in 
 the Covenant of Suretifhip , nothing denounced againft the 
 man Chrift if he fhould fail of his undertakings \ for there 
 was.no ufe nor place for threatnings in that Covenant, in regard 
 the undertaker was exempted from all poffible failing in the 
 performance, the man Chrift could not poffibly fin, nor 
 fall fhort of that Covenant, in regard of the perfonal 
 union. 
 
 8. The Commands and conditions of the Covenant of Redemp- 7 
 tion and the Covenant of Reconciliation are different : For, 
 
 1 . There are commands in the Covenant of Redemption peculiar : 
 
 to Chrift alone, and iuch as are not required of us , nor do be- 
 long to us *, luch as the command of taking upon him our na- 
 ture, and laying down his life, and making his foul an offering 
 forSin,d-c. Heb. 10.5,7. Joh. 10. 18. J fa. 5$. 10,11. Again, 
 there are commands and conditions required in the Covenant 
 of Reconciliation, which are peculiar to us alone ', fuch as the 
 commands of believing in Chrift , repenting and working out 
 our Salvation with fear and trembling, dr. Aft. 16. $1. and 
 $. 19. Phil. 2. 12. The former is Chrift's work , not ours *, 
 and thefe are conditions required of us, not of Chrift. 2. All 
 the commands of the Covenant of Redemption are conditions : 
 whatfoever work is put upon Chrift to do, is a condition of his 
 Covenant with Jehovah *, but all the conditions of the Covenant 
 of Reconciliation, are not conditions of the righteoulhefs and 
 life therein promiied ; elfe Juftiftcation fhould be of works, 
 Rom. ^. 4, 5, Now to him that worketh is the reward nut reckoned 
 of grace , but of debt: Bntto him that worketh not-> but believeth 
 
 R en 
 
122 The difference oft he Covenant made with Chriji Ch.V. 
 
 on him that juftifeth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteouf- 
 tief. Phil. 3. 7, But what things weregain to me, t ho fe I counted 
 lofifor Christ. 3. The conditions of the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion, are works , down-right obedience, doing and iuffering, 
 Joh. 17.4, I have glorified thee on the earth, I have finijljcd the 
 workjxhich thougaveft me to do. But the condition of the Co- 
 venant of Reconciliation, is grace, not works, Rom.^. \6, 
 Therefore it is of faith that it might be by grace, to the end the 
 . fromife might be fur e to all the feed \ Not to that only which is 
 of the law , but to that alfo which is of the faith of Abraham, 
 who is the father of us all. 4. . The conditions of the Cove- 
 nant of Redemption, are antecedent meritorious conditions •, 
 for which the reward and wages promiied to Chrift by that 
 Covenant is given, Joh. 17.4, 5, / have finifhed thewor\which 
 thougaveft me to do. And now, O father, gbrifie thou me with 
 thine own felf. But the conditions of the Covenant of Recon- 
 ciliation are not antecedent conditions , fuch as are in civil 
 contracts of Juftice, when one thing is given for another ; but 
 they are confequent conditions, fuch as hold forth the connex- 
 ion and order of things : Conditions which do not hold forth 
 the caufe for which God gives the things promifed , but the 
 connexion of things , the qualification of the fubjeft, or the 
 way and means of conveyance, by and through which he gives 
 the things promifed, and without which he will not give them, 
 Rom. 3.24,25, Being juftified freely by his grace, through the 
 redemption that is in Jefus Chrift : Whom God hath fent forth to 
 be a propitiation, through faith in his blood. 
 
 9. The Covenant of Redemption tarried not for our con- 
 fent, to make it an actual Covenant *, neither had any depen- 
 dency upon man, or any aft of his will-, but alone upon the 
 free will and good pleafure of him who is Lord of our will, 
 and could give us away to Chrift,. without our knowl edg and 
 confent, when yet we were not*, becaufehe hath power over 
 the clay, and can indedinably bow the wills of Men and An- 
 gels : therefore, I fay, this Covenant tarried not for our faying 
 Amen to it *, but was aftually concluded and tranfafted with 
 Chrift, who was fet up from everlafting in. Heaven as defigned 
 Mediator, before we were in a capacity to know it, or to fay 
 yea r or no : being a deed that was from everlafting , as we 
 Have.often hinted from Trov. 8. 22 ; to 31, But the Covenaot 
 
 of 
 
Ch. V. from that which is made with ns. Hj 
 
 of Reconciliation made with us, as it depends principally upon 
 Chrift's eternal traniattions -with Jehovah , whereby we were 
 virtually in Covenant with God, through his undertaking for 
 -us, to procure our confent unto fuch conditions of righteouf- 
 ngfsand life, as his Father had fore-ordained, Joh.6. $7, AH 
 that the Father giveth me, fiall come to me :, and him that cometh ts 
 me, I will in no wife cafi out. So alfo it cannot be an actual for- 
 mal Covenant with us, without our own confent : before we 
 are actually and formally in Covenant with God,- through 
 Graces and before we receive any acluaL benefit by a new 
 Covenant ftate •, not the Spirit only muft fay come ; but the 
 Bride alio, Rev. 22. 1 7, 20, And the Spirit and the Bride fay y 
 Come, Amen, even Jo. 
 
 I . But although thefe Covenants are on this wife to be 
 differenced and diftinguifhed ; yet they are not to be divided 
 and feparated : there is an obfervable conjunction and connexi- 
 on betwixt the Covenant of Redemption made with Chrift, 
 and the Covenant of Reconciliation and Grace made with us 
 Sinners -, which doth demonftrate the dependance of this latter 
 upon the former, and chat the Covenant of Reconciliation hath 
 its rife and original from the Covenant of Redemption made 
 betwixt Jehovah and Chrift. 
 
 Thefe two Covenants are conjoyned together by a five-fold 
 connexion. 
 
 1. By an inferrable connexion : There. is fuch a near and 
 ftrid conjunction betwixt thefe Covenants, that they cannot 
 be feparated *, take away the Covenant of Suretifhip, and the 
 Covenant of Grace falls to the ground *, this can no more ftand 
 without that, than a houfe without a foundation \ take away 
 the foundation, and the whole building and fuperftrutture 
 falls. God hath founded the Covenant of Reconciliation 
 made with us, upon the eternal compact of Redemption < 
 which he made with Chrift*, his Covenant with Chrift is 
 the key and corner-ftone of the whole frame and building 
 of his Covenant with us ; yea, it is the very pillars of the 
 houfe that wifclom hath built *, of that Mafter-piece of work 
 that is worthy the wifdom of him that framed it, and cannot 
 be feparated from the Covenant made with us, Frov.g. r, 
 Wifdom hath b nilt her houfe, jhe hath hewen out her feven pil- 
 lars : therefore the Lord gives the Name to Chrift , a pre- 
 
 R 2 ciom 
 
I % j. The Connexion between theCov.made with Chrift Ch.V. 
 
 ciom corner- ft one , a fare foundation^ Ifa. 28. 16. Hence alfo 
 the whole building of Covenant-mercy and faithfulnefs with 
 us, is joyned with God's Covenant with Chrift, Pfal. 89. 2,1, 
 For I have /aid, Mercy JhaH be built up for ever , thy faith- 
 fulnefi fiialt thou eftablijh in the very heavens : J have made a 
 Covenant with my chofen. Ifa. 59. 2 1, As for me, thiz is my 
 Covenant with them, faith the Lord y My Sprit that is upon thee, 
 and my words which J have put in thy month, jhall not depart 
 out of thy mouth, nor out of the month of thy feed , nor out of 
 the mouth of thy feeds feed , faith the Lord , from henceforth 
 And for ever. 
 
 2. By an infallible connexion , whereby one thing doth 
 necefTarily and certainly follow upon another : for fuppofing 
 that God hath made a Covenant of Redemption with Chrift, 
 and hath from eternity given apeople to him,, to be redeemed 
 by him ', it necefTarily follows that this redeemed people (hall 
 come under Covenant-dealings with Chrift, by faith in him ', 
 for if that go before, this muft needs follow, Joh.6. 17, AU 
 that the Father giveth me , Jhall come to me : and him that com* 
 ethto me , / will in no wife caft out. And 17. 6, 8, / have 
 manifefied thy name unto the men which thou gave ft me out of 
 the world', thine they were, and thou gave ft them me, and they 
 have kept thy word. For 1 have given unto them the words 
 which thou gave ft me, and they have received them, and have 
 kgown furely that 1 cawe out from thee, and they have believed 
 that thou didft fend me : The reafon is manifeft ; becaufe as 
 nothing is here tranfa&ed in time, which was not from eter- 
 nity concluded in the counlel of God's Will ', fo nothing is 
 there concluded, nothing agreed betwixt Jehovah and Chrift 
 that can mils to take effect, Ail. 15. 18, Known unto him are ail 
 his wor^s, froTt the beginning of the world. And 4. 27, 28, For 
 of a truth, again ft thy holy child J 'efus, whom thou haft anointed, 
 both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles, and the people 
 of Ifrael were gathered together , for to Ho. whatfoever thy 
 hand and thy counfel determined before to be done. And 
 13.48, And as many as were ordained to life , believed. 
 Ifa. $....10, And the pleafure of the Lord jhall' prof per in 
 bjs-hand, 
 
 3. Thefe two Covenants are con joyned by an Jnfuperable 
 conaexicn., fuchas the ftrength of no oppofition can overr 
 
 come , 
 
Ch. V. and that which if made with u*. 1 25 
 
 come *, for the Covenant of Suretifhip made with Chrift, hath 
 fuch ftrong influence on the Covenant of Reconciliation made 
 with us, that it regafdeth no oppofition in the way of that 
 work : but the people who are given to Chriit by thatfirft 
 Covenant to be redeemed by him, he doth redeem them out 
 of aH Nations by the mighty efficacious power and working 
 of his Spirit :, he bows their wills indedinably to believe •, 
 n hearken that their fonts may live, and to make with him an 
 ever lading Covenant , Ifa. 55. \. Joh. 17.2, As thou haft given 
 him power over all fleflj , that he jhould give eternal life to as 
 many as thou haft given him ; the - force of this Covenant with 
 Jehovah draws fo, that nothing can keep back the Sinner from 
 coming,Song. 1 .4, Draw me, we will run after thee. Matth. 16.18, 
 Vpon this rock^ I will build my Church , and, the gates of hell 
 {ball not prevail againft it. Zech. 10.8, 1 will hifs for them, 
 and gather them \ for I have redeemed them. 
 
 4. By a fecret and hidden connexion, which natural eyes- 
 and carnal minds cannot lee nor take up : This fecret and my- 
 ftery of the Covenant was long hid in God's breaft, even 
 after it had a being betwixt him and Chrift; yea, and how 
 great a fecret was it in the world , even after it began to 
 break forth firft in Paradife? Col. 1.26, Even the myfterie 
 which hath been hid from ages, and from generations ', but now 
 is made manifeft to his Saints. Pial. 25. 14, The fecret of the 
 Lord is with them that fear him, and he will jhew them his 
 Covenant. It is but one continued tracl of Covenant-grace, 
 one current of the water of life, that run along like a river 
 under ground , hidden in the fecret counfel of God's Will, 
 and kept clofe betwixt God and Chrift, and at Ien-gth brake 
 out above ground in a Covenant of peace with believers. , 
 Neb. 4. 1 7, 18, Wherein God willing more abundantly to fliew^ 
 unto the heirs of promife the immutability of his counfel , con- 
 firmed it by an Oath : That by two immutable things, wherein 
 it was impojfible for God to lye , we might have a ftrong confo- 
 lation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope fet 
 before us. Joh. 17. 7, Now they have k^cwn that all things 
 whatfoeverthou haft given me, are of thee. 
 
 5. Theie Covenants are conjoyned by a beautiful ' con- 
 nexion, which eminently fhineth in the exact correfponden-- 
 cy of the Covenant of Suretifhip made with Chrift /and 
 
 the-* 
 
tl 26 The Connexion of the Covenant nude with ChriftCh.V. 
 
 the Covenant of peace made with us-, which being laid to- 
 gether, do perfectly quadrate, and aniwer one another in all 
 points. O what a deal of beauty is to be feen in the con- 
 nexion of the Covenants of Redemption and Reconciliation ! 
 In the former all things relating to the Redemption and 
 Salvation of Chrift's elect feed, were plotted and contrived ^ 
 in the latter, the fame things are executed : by that Cove- 
 nant they were ordered, by this they are acted. It is the 
 fame bufinefs in the hand of Chrift, by the Covenant of 
 Reconciliation, which was long before in his heart, when he 
 made a Covenant with Jehovah ? the lame defign of love 
 acted him in both. Now Chrift negotiates the fame bufi- 
 nefs which was long before undertaken by his Suretifhip, 
 J oh. 17. 6,7,8, / have manifefted thy Name unto the men 
 which thou gaveft me out of the world: thine they were , and 
 thou gave ft them me, and they have kept thy word. Now they 
 have known that all things whatfoever thon haft given me, are 
 of thee. For I have given unto them the words which thon 
 gaveft me , and they have received them , and known furely 
 that I came out from thee , and they have believed that thou 
 didsl fend me. 2 Cor. 5. 19, 2i , God was in Chrift recon- 
 ciling the world unto himfelf not imputing their trefpajfes un- 
 to them : and hath committed unto us the word of reconcilia- 
 tion. For he hath made him to be fin for us, who knew 
 no fin , that we might be made the righteoufnefs of God 
 in him. Zech. 9. 11, As for thee alfo, by the blood of thy 
 Covenant, I have fent forth thy prif oners out of the pit wherein 
 is no water. 
 
 In a word , there is fuch a connexion between the Cove- 
 nant of Redemption made with Chrift , and the Covenant 
 of Reconciliation made with us, as is betwixt the caufe and 
 the effect :, God's Covenant with Chrift is the caufe , his 
 " Covenant with us is the effect: : for it hath a proper efficiency 
 in the producing of this, fuch as is betwixt the root and 
 the branch, the fountain and the ftreams *, the Covenant made 
 with us, did fpring out of that fountain, did grow out of that 
 root •, for Covenant-grace is in God's dealings with us , as 
 fap is in the branch, and water in the ciftern \ but it is in his 
 Covenant-dealings with Chrift, as fap is in the root, and wa- 
 ter .in the fountain. There is fuch a connexion betwixt thefe 
 
 two 
 
Ch. V. rclth that which is made with us. 127 
 
 two Covenants, as betwixt decree and execution, delibera- 
 tion and action, promife and performance, furetilhip and fa- 
 tHfaftion , bond and payment, &c. for the Covenant with 
 Chrift was in the decree of God *, with usi it is the execu- 
 tion of that eternal decree ; there it was deliberated and 
 confulted, here 'tis a&ed *, there the promiles were made, 
 the iuretifhip acted, the bond given : but in God's Cove- 
 nant-dealings with us, the promiles made betwixt God and 
 Chrift are performed , his act: of furetifhip fatisfied , and 
 actual payment and fktisfaftion made of all obligements 
 which he took on. 
 
 The connexion of the Covenants of Redemption and Re- 
 conciliation may be illuftrated by a fimilitude or two. It is 
 as if a deed of favour were drawn for children and heirs not 
 yet born, and the whole conveyance ietled , how that deed 
 of favour fhall redound unto the benefit of children not yet 
 born, which in due time by the wiidom of the contriver. 
 takes place and becomes actually profitable to thofe for whom 
 it was intended. The Covenant of Redemption is the wife 
 contrivance of this deed of favour to a feed given to Chrift,. 
 but not yet created *, and the Covenant of Reconciliation is the 
 conveyance by which the favour intended for this elect people 
 takes place. 
 
 Or , as if a Marriage were concluded by a wife father 
 betwixt his* only Ion, and a peribn wholly under his power at 
 his dilpofing*, but now under-age, not marriageable, nor car 
 pableto give confent to inch a contract as were drawn upy- 
 but the knowledg of this is kept up from the bride a great* 
 while , but at laft the bridegroom makes propolals accord- 
 ing to his fathers concluded contract, and gains the brides 
 heart and confent to the intended match', this matter is all 
 of a piece , and every part of it connected with another ; 
 but the firft part is the work of the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion betwixt Jehovah and Chrift : And the latter part is 
 the work of the Covenant of Reconciliation betwixt God 
 and Sinners. 
 
 Or as if a King upon paction with his Son fhould grant . 
 a, fair Charter with many priviledges , to perlbns who yet 
 know nothing of the King's favour , the actual communica- 
 tion oftheie priviledges being fufpended till. the Kir g's Son 
 
 actually 
 
128 Grounds of f»$port and comfort Ch.VI. 
 
 a&ually own thefe peribns for his Subjects, and they actually 
 own him for their Lord. The Covenant made with Chrift 
 is the fair Charter: the Covenant made with us is the mu- 
 tual owning betwixt the King's Son , and the perfons to 
 whom the favours and priviledges of the great Charter of Re- 
 demption was intended. 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 
 Of the Grounds of affurance and comfort , 
 and fupports of Faith , refnlting from 
 the Covenant of Suretijhip , unto all 
 thofe who are in the Covenant of Recon- 
 ciliation and Grace. 
 
 1 Shall fhut up the Doctrine of the Covenant of Redemp- 
 tion and Suretifhip, with a collection of ibme grounds 
 of comfort, and fupports of Faith which arife from it. 
 
 i. That the original and foundation of God's Covenant- 
 dealings with us, is an eternal compact betwixt Jehovah and 
 Chrift , and had not its beginning and rife from our firft 
 thoughts of that bufmeis , when we begun to entertain the 
 news of a Saviour, and of Redemption by him^ it bred not 
 in our breafts, but was under deliberation betwixt God and 
 Chrift long before ever it entred into our hearts *, yea , it 
 was there tranfacted, the heirs of Salvation were fore-ordained 
 unto their lot and inheritance with them who are fanftified , 
 when the Captain of Salvation was deftinate unto this work, 
 %Thef 2. I $, God hath from the beginning chofen yon to fal- 
 vat ion through fanftification ofthefpirit, and belief of the truth. 
 And it is only the manifeftation of this to us , and our con- 
 fent to it that is of yefterday., and but lately tfanf acted, 
 Job. 1 7. 8, For I have given unto them the words which thou 
 gave ft me y and they have received them, and have known fnrely 
 that I tame out from thee ■, and they have believed that thondidft 
 
 fend 
 
v>nap. v i. jrom the covenant oj sitretijmp. 1 29 
 
 fend me. Heb. 6. 17, i3, Wherein God, willing more abundant- 
 ly to frew unto the heirs of promife the immutability of his will, 
 comfrmed it by an oath : That by two immutable things, in 
 which it was tmpofftble for God to lye, we might have ftrong 
 confolation, who have fled for refuge, to lay hold upon the hope 
 fet before us. O how comfortable and ftrengthening is this 
 to the weak believer, that eternal Covenant-love, Covenant- 
 dealings, and Covenant-relations and engagements, begin at 
 the head Chrift, fall firft upon him, and defcend to his 
 redeemed feed, Eph. 1. 3,4, Bleffedbe the God and father of 
 our Lord Jefus Chrift , who hath bleffed hs with all fpiritual 
 blejfmgs in heavenly places in Chrift % , according as he hath 
 chofen us in him, before the foundation of the world, &c. 
 
 2. That the lame love of the Father and of Chriftj which 
 now hath appeared and broken forth, in drawing thee into 
 this new Covenant-ftate, Jer. 3 1. 5, The Lord hath appear- 
 ed of old unto me, faying y 1 have loved thee with an ever- 
 lafting love, therefore with loving-kin dnefs have J drawn thee ? 
 hath been in action for thee and about thee in eternity, 
 when thou waft not, Prov. 8. 2 $, $ 1, / was fet up from ever- 
 
 lafting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was Rejoycing 
 
 in the habitable part of his earth , and my delights were with 
 the fons of men. How fhould that fupport faith, and com- 
 fort and allure our hearts, that the love of God and of Chrift 
 did provide a rich inheritance for us when we were not yet 
 created, and did provide a phyfician before we fell fick : who 
 had a Redeemer in readinefs, before the fall of Man, which 
 he forelaw : who provided a Surety before he was needed, 
 to be in readinefs to ftrike hands for our Debt *, that Chrift 
 fpoke kindly for us, when we were not prefent : that he 
 took our cafe in hand undefired : that he undertook for us 
 when we had neither being, nor a&ion, nor vote, nor know- 
 ledg of his undertaking. 
 
 3. That our Redemption and Salvation hath fo very lit- 
 tle of our will' in it, and lb much of Gods Will, and that' 
 of Grace, fo much of his gracious Will, or of the good' 
 pleafure of his Will, Eph. 1.5. Being now by the Cove- ' 
 nant of Suretifhip, the will of the Father and of Chrift, 
 without our knowledg or confent, or any act of our will* 
 Joh. 6. 3,9, And this is the fathers will that hath fent me, that 
 
 S •/ 
 
r^O Grounds of fnpport and comfort Chap. VI. 
 
 of all which he hath given me I ftieuld lofc nothing, but fheuld 
 raife it up at the loft day. With 17. 24, Father, 1 will that 
 they alfo who<n then haft given mejbe with me where J am. And 
 there is now no n.ore of our will in all the bufinefs, but 
 io much as is captivated , bowed and carried after Gods 
 will, Phil. 2. 13, For it is God that worketh in you both to 
 will and to do of his good pleafure. Pfal. 110. 3, Thy people 
 fiall be willing in the day of thy power. And how lweet 
 and comfortable is it, that Salvation is by the Covenant of 
 Saretifhip, taken 'off the mutable will of man, the flippery 
 yea and nay of mans free-will, and laid upon the immutabi- 
 lity of his counfel, Heb. 6. 17, and will, with whom there is no 
 variablenefs ! Rom. 9. 15, / will have mercy on whom I will 
 have mtrcy, and I will have compaffion on whom J wiU have 
 compaffwn. Jam. 1. 18, Of his own will begat he us with the 
 Word of truth. 
 
 4. That by the Covenant of Suretilhip the fountain and 
 well-fpring of Life, and Salvation, and of all the influences 
 that mud needs ad us toward it, lay out of our felves, 
 and are placed in Chrift, Pfal. 8. 7, All my fprings are in 
 thee. Col. 3. \, Tour life is hid with Chrift in God. The 
 Well-head of Life to Adam was in himfelf •, and that which 
 was placed in himfelf went dry, he had no other Fountain, 
 whence he had afTurance to draw and fetch any more_: but 
 by Chrifts Suretifhip, the fpring of Life and Salvation to us 
 is placed in him, which makes it indefectible to us \ and O how 
 fweet is that to the believer, that his Salvation is fountained in 
 Ghrift ! thus when his water fails within, he needs do no 
 more but turn the water cock of Faith that is in his own 
 heart, and take in frefh fupplies from Jefus, the refurretlion 
 and the life, Joh. 11.25. Ifa. 27. 5, Left any hurt it, J will 
 keep it night and day : / will water it every moment. Joh. 4. 
 14, The water that I ft) all give him, fhall be in him a well of 
 veater fpringing up into everlafting life. Joh. 14. 19, Becaufe 
 I live, ye ft) all live alfo. 
 
 « 5. By the Covenant of Suretifhip,our Rights and Charters, 
 I mean the promifes not of Heaven and Salvation only, but 
 of all our concernments, are in a furer hand than our own, 
 and under better keeping : for now by that Covenant they 
 are k Chrifts keeping, to whom the promifes are made, 
 
 Gal. 
 
Chap. VI. front the Covenant oj Suretijhip. I § I 
 
 Gal. .}. 1 6, Now to Abraham and his feed were the promifes 
 made \ he faith not, and to feeds as of many, but as of one, 
 and to thy feed, which is Chrifl. He is the firffc heir of all 
 things, Heb. 1.2. to whom the firfl title and right to 
 the promifes, which are our Charters, doth belong : they 
 were firfl: his, before they were ours : yea, and he was the 
 firfl poiTelTor too ; upon Chrift did all the afts of Gods 
 Covenant-love to us fail firfl:, Aft. 1 3. 34, 1 give yon the f lire 
 mercies of David. Moft of the promifes were mite formally 
 to Chrift, even thofe which directly relate to our Calling, 
 Juftification, Salvation, lfa.$l- 10, 11, And the pleafure of 
 the Lord jhall profper in his hand. He jliall fee of the travel 
 of his foul, and jhall be fatisfied. By his knowledg Jhall my 
 righteous fervant juftifie many, for he jliall bear their iniquities. 
 And thefe that were not made formally to him,fuch as the pro- 
 mife of a new heart,a new fpvit y remiffion of fins ', yet thefe were 
 made to him eminenter, they were laid down in him,and confign- 
 ed v\ his hand : for Chrift is not only the fountain and origi- 
 nal* caufe of all the promiies, who merited by his Blood, 
 Remiflion, Righteoufnefs and Life, which the Lord makes 
 ours by free promile-, but he is alio the firfl: fubjeft 
 of the promifes : Chrift receiveth all the Covenant-promiies 
 which are our Rights and Charters, and he keepeth them, 
 and manageth them for our ufe, as may moft tend to our 
 good: Chrift is made by his Suretifhip, that excellent 
 Ark which keepeth the tables of the Covenant, and the 
 book of the Law and Covenant, Dent. 1 1. 26. 1 Kin^s 
 8. 9, How fweet and fatisfying is it, that our Rights of 
 Heaven is in iiich a Charter-cheft, and in the hands of 
 fuch a keeper, even under Chrifts cuftody, who fliall give 
 a good account to his Father of all that is committed to 
 him?* Job. 17. 12, Thofe whom thou gavefi me I have kept, and 
 none of them is loft : and whofe keeping is in high account 
 with all thofe who know him, 2 Tim. 1. 12, For I know 
 whom I have believed, and I am perfwaded that he is able 
 to keep that which I have committed unto him againft thai day* 
 6. By the Covenant of Suretifhip Chrift and the be* 
 liever are in a manner in one Writ *, for notwithstanding 
 that there be differences between the Covenant made with 
 him, and that which is made with us, ( as is before fhewed ) : 
 
 S 2 yet 
 
,22. Grounds offnpport and comfort Chap. VI . 
 
 yet it may be laid, that Chrift and the believer are 
 iome way in one Writ. 
 
 i. Becauie thefe two -Covenants are all of a piece; they 
 are to be diftinguifhed, but not divided : it is the fame de- 
 fign of Grace, the fame bufineis of redeeming and laving 
 loft Man, that is carried on in both. 
 
 2. Although Chrift and the believer be not formally, and 
 as parties, in this Writ of Chrifts Sureti-covenant to God j 
 yet they are. virtually, and as to their interefts and con- 
 cernments. It is Chrifts bufmefs and concernment, and the 
 believers too •, even all his eternal concernments that are in 
 that Covenant, and ours, thefe meet together, and are trani- 
 a&ed in one Writ : and thus even among men, a perfon 
 raay be faid to be in a Writ, where his concernments 
 are handled. 
 
 3. Becauie of the contexture and interweaving, not only 
 of Chrift and the believers interefts, but alio of their Names 
 in the fame Writ. For in the Covenant where his Name 
 is put alone as undertaker, and which is his fingle bond, to - 
 wit, the Covenant ofSuretifhip*, even there is the believers 
 Name put, as being the perfon for which he payed a price, 
 and for whom he undertook, and who were promifed to 
 him for a feed, as a fatisfying-fight for the travel of his 
 Soul.. And again, in the Writ given to us, we ftand not a- 
 lone in Covenant-dealings with God} but in the fame 
 Writs of the promifes made to the believer, Chrifts name 
 ftands as principal party Covenanting for us, and re- 
 ceiving the promifes, as is manifeft from what is already 
 kid, 
 
 4. There is not only a contexture, but a commutation 
 with Chrift and the believers Name in the Covenant- writs : 
 for his Name is put in our Bond, for he wrote himfelf 
 the [inner ( legally, ) and in the finners place under the Law 
 accurfed: and. our Name is put in the Writ of Juftification . 
 given to him, and the new Law of Faith writes the believer 
 right tons and bleffed, 2 Cor. 5.21, For he hath made him to 
 fit fin for us who knew no fin, that we might be made the 
 righteoufnefs of God in him. Gal. $• 13, 14, Chrifl hath re- 
 deemed us from the cwrfe of the law, being made a- enrfe for 
 ns: for it is written, Cnrfed is every one that hangeth on a 
 
 tree 
 
Chap. VI. from the Covenant ofSuretiJfjip. 133: 
 
 tree. That the ble fifing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles 
 through faith. Rom. 3. 22, Even the right eoufnsfs of God, 
 which is by faith of Jefus Chrifl unto all, and upon all them 
 that believe : for there is no difference. 
 
 5. There is not only a commutation, but a community of 
 Writs betwixt Chrift and the Believer : for joneWrit and Pro- 
 mife-wreats,God,the God and Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, 
 and the God and Father of the Believer: this Covenant-relation 
 to him and us, is by the great promifes of the Covenant, Heb. 1. 
 5, I will be to him a Father, and he flail be to me a Son. Pfal. 89. 
 26, 29, He flail cry unto me, Thou art my Father, my God, and 
 
 the rocksfmyfahation His feed alfo will I make to endure for 
 
 ever.. One Writ makes Chiiftthe firft Heir, and Son of the 
 promife *, and the Believer a younger Brother coming irinmder 
 Chrift the firft Heir, Pfal.&g. 27, Alfo I will make him my 
 firft-born. Gal. $. 26, For ye are all the children of God, by 
 faith in Chrift Jefus. Rom. 8. 17, And if children, then heirs y 
 heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Chrift. One Writ and 
 letter of acquittance diichargeth both Chrift and the Believer 
 from the curie and condemnation of the Law, Rom.%. 3,4, 
 God fending his own Son in the likenefs of finful flefl-, and 
 for fin condemned fin the flefl. That the righteoufnefs of the 
 law might be fulfilled in us, who walk^ not after the flefl, but 
 after the fpirit. G how comfortable and (lengthening is 
 this, that Chrift and we are in one Writ, that our Cove- 
 nant interefts and relations to God, and all his and our con- 
 cernments are thus bound up in one Writ ! if his title to 
 God, to Heaven, to promifes, be good and valid, ours is 
 fo too •, if he acquit and defend his own Charters, he doth 
 the fame for ours : blefTed are they who are united to him in s 
 this New Covenant-relation. 
 
 6. By the Covenant of Suretifhip, Chrift is conftituted 
 the grand Inftrument and Aclor of all things that apper- 
 tain to his peoples Redemption and Salvation, and that not 
 only of eternal Salvation and Redemption, which he alone 
 brought unto his people, Heb. 5. 9, And being .made perfebJ, 
 he became the author of eternal falvation unto all them thai o~ 
 bey him. Heb. 9. 15, And for this caufe he is the mediator of 
 the new Teftament, that by means of death, for the redempti- 
 on of the tranfgreffic-ns that mrc mdn the fir ft teftamm y they 
 
 who 
 
Grounds of fupport and comfort Chap. VI. 
 
 who are called, might reecive thepromife of eternal inheritance. 
 Luk- i . 68, Blejjed be the Lord God of Ifrael, for he hath 
 vifttcd and redeemed his people : And of fuch part of that 
 Redemption as is wrought within time, Heb. 7. 25, Whfcre- 
 fore he U able alfo to fave them to the utter mo ft that come un- 
 to God by him : But of whatsoever Salvation and other ad- 
 miniftrations are good for them in this life : And therefore 
 we find that Chrift was the grand Inftrument, and had an 
 active hand in the deliverance of his people from all affli£ti- 
 ons and oppreflions in all ages, I fa. 63.5,9, And I looked^ and 
 there was none to help, and Iwondred that there was none to uphold: 
 therefore mine own arm brought falvation unto me, and my fu- 
 ry it upheld me. In all their afflictions he was afflicted, and 
 
 the Angel of his pre fence faved them •, and in his love and in 
 his pity he redeemed them, aud he bare them, and carried them 
 all the days of old. It was Chrift the Angel of the Cove- 
 nant , Mai. 3. 1, who delivered Jacob from all evil, Gen. 
 48. 16, It was he who brought the people out of Egypt, 
 and laid to Mofes, And now come, I mill fend thee unto 
 Egypt- He it was who appeared unto Mofes in the Bufh, 
 and made him a ruler and a deliverer, A£t- 7. 32, 34, 35. 
 It was he that brought the people out of Babylon, and built 
 the temple, Zech. 6. 12, 1 3, Behold the man whofe Name is 
 the Branch, and he Jhall grow up out of his place, and he fall 
 build the temple of the Lord. Even he jliall build the temple 
 of the Lord, and he fliall bear the glory, &c. If the tempo- 
 ral Salvation of the Church and people of God lay upon 
 men, how cold a comfort were that? Ifa. 59. 16, And he 
 faw that there was no man, and wondred that there was no 
 inter ceffor. Pfal. 142.4, Hooked on my right hand, andbeheldj 
 and there was no man that would know me : refuge failed me^ 
 and there was no man cared for my foul. And if the work- 
 ing of that part of our Salvation which the Lord hath made 
 the Believers Duty, and hath commanded him to do for his 
 own Soul, if that lay upon us alone, how heavy would it 
 prove? Phil. 2. 12, Work-out your own falvation with fear and 
 trembling. But O how warm, how comfortable is it, what 
 a (iipport to faith, that Chrift is by his Suretifhip engaged 
 to work all manner of Salvation for his people, and to be- 
 come the grand inftrument, and chief aclor thereof / lfa.d\. 
 
 13, 
 
Chap. VI. from the Covenant of Sureti {hi p. 1 2 5 
 
 t\ y I that fpea\in right eoufnefs, mighty tofave: 1 have trod- 
 den the wine-prefs alone, and of the people there was none with 
 me. Phil. 2. 1 3, For it is God that worketh in yon both to will 
 and to do of his good pleafure. Heb. 12.2, Looking unto Jefta 
 the author and finijher of our faith. 
 
 8. By the Covenant of Suretifhip, all the hard conditions 
 lay upon Chrift:, all that the Law requires of Man 
 condition ways : hen^ made under the lave, Gal. 4. 4, that 
 we might not be under the law, but under grace, Rom. 6. 14. 
 
 how iweet and comfortable is it to the poor weak Be- 
 liever, who finds himfelf fo very infignificant a creature at 
 all Covenant-conditions, to know that by Chrifts Sureti- 
 fhip, 1. He did take upon him all conditions which the 
 law requires of man, to abide in every thing that it requires : 
 the Believer is yet under the commands of the Law *, but 
 
 1 fay not under the conditions thereof : for it is not to 
 him a Covenant : Chrift alfo did bear the curfe of the Law, 
 but that which the Believer fuffers even of the things that 
 were fometimes written in the book of the Law, are now 
 written in the book of Covenant-mercies. 2. Chrift did 
 take upon him all the conditions that are works, and no- 
 thing refts to the believer condition-wife, but that which 
 
 is grace, Rom. 4. \6, Therefore it is of faith, that it might be * 
 by grace. Its true, the Believer yet worketh, and is cre- 
 ated unto good works, Phil. 2. 10, But all working condi- 
 tion-ways, was upon Chrift by his Suretifhip. $. The prin- 
 cipal and moil fignificant condition of Redemption, Salvati- 
 on, and all Covenant-bleflings and priviledges promifed to 
 us, is Chrifts doing his part of the Covenant of Suretifhip ; 
 his laying down his life, this was not only a condition of 
 the reward that was to be given to Chrift perfonal, but even 
 of air the promifes that were made to him, concerning his 
 redeemed feed, I fa. 53. 10, 11, And the pleafure of the Lord 
 Jhall profper in his hand. He fo all fee of the travel of his 
 Soul, and f j all be fatisfied : by his knowledg Jh all my righteous "■ 
 fervant jufifie many, for he fiall bear their iniquities. 4. By 
 this Suretifhip, befide all that he hath fulfilled and done 
 in his own perfon, he is under a Covenant to work in his 
 people what God requireth condition-ways of them, Joh. 
 6. 37, All that the father giveth me, jhall cone tome -, and hint 
 
 thatt 
 
I j6 'Grounds oj juppon and comj ert t v>nap. vL 
 
 that comet h to we, J will in no wife caft out. O how com- 
 fortable is it, that Chrift is under a Covenant to enjoy his 
 Elect people, not for any thing they can do for themfelves, 
 but for the work that he hath wrought, and the conditions 
 that he hath fulfilled in his own perfbn, and is obliged to 
 fulfil and work in them. And indeed the promifes are ful- 
 filled to us, not becauie we fulfil the condition, but for 
 Chrift, in whom they ure made to us, and who by his 
 Suretilhip did perform all conditions that the law doth re- 
 quire. 
 
 9. ;Thatin the Covenant of Suretifhip the Believer is un- 
 dertaken for by both the parties : 1 . Jehovah undertakes, 
 forafmuch as he promifes a redeemed feed to Chrift, and 
 engages that he fhall fee them, //i.53.10, He Jhall fee 
 his feed. Now he who undertakes for this, muft needs un- 
 dertake that they (hall be born again •, fb that the Lord is 
 undertaker for our believing, Juftification, Perfeverance, and 
 Salvation : then Jehovah is engaged by Covenant with Chrift 
 to make fure our believing and Salvation, as he will be 
 true to his Son, to whom he gave this promile, and to him- 
 felf and his holy nature, for he cannot deny him -J 'elf . 2. Chrift 
 hath undertaken for us alfo. He is made furety y Heb. 7. 
 22. He hath given Bond for our believing, and Salvation*, 
 he hath by an eternal a& of cautionry, acted himfelf for all 
 them who fhall believe on him, body for body, life for life, 
 foul for foul, that his life fhall go for theirs, that his foul {hall be 
 in their fouls ftead, Ifa. 5 *;. 10, When thou fhall make his foul 
 an offering for fin. And by the Mediatory office that he took 
 upon him, he hath laid Bonds upon himfelf, and made a ne- 
 ceflary duty of hisoffice,to fave his people,to become a Captain 
 of Salvation to them, to bring many fons to glory , Heb. 2. 10. 
 And that he will be faithful in this office he hath taken Bonds 
 upon him, that by vertue of his office, and place, he muft do 
 whatfoever is for his peoples welfare : See Heb. 4. i, 2, Confi- 
 der the Apoftle and High-prieft of our prof ejfion, Chrift Jefus y who 
 was faithful to him that appointed him. Chap. 2. v. 17, Where- 
 fore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren^ 
 that he might be a merciful and faithful High-pricft y in all 
 things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the fins of the 
 people. How comfortable is this to the weak Believer? and 
 
 how 
 
Chap. VI. front the Covenant of Suretifiip. 137 
 
 how (lengthening to Faith , to confider that Jehovah gave 
 Bond from eternity to Chrift, and ft.inds engaged to him, 
 for the bowing of our rebellious wills, and for fuch a frame 
 of heart to us, as our Redemption and Salvation neceffarily 
 requires ! And that Chrift flands engaged to be to all his 
 own a merciful and fjthful High-prieft ! and that by the 
 Bonds he hath laid upon himfelf, it behoved him to be fo ! 
 Heb.2. 17. O confider ! he can no more be unconcerned 
 wkh our concernments, he can no more be untouched with, 
 and want a feeling of our infirmities, than he can ceafe to 
 be a merciful and faithful High prieft j which qualifications 
 he behoved to take upon him, by taking on that office, Heb. 
 5.2, $. Chap. 2.r. 17. Chap. 4.^. 15. Chrift canno more 
 fail in any thing pertaining to our peace with God, and our 
 Salvation, than he can break his faith of Suretifhip, and fail 
 in Covenanc-faithfulnefs, and the Bonds that he hath given 
 to Jehovah. 
 
 10. By the Covenant of Suretifhip paffed betwixt Jehovah 
 and Chrift, the believer is in a fure confirmed ftate ; he is 
 not in a tottering, flippery, mutable condition, as were the 
 Angels that fell, and like to Adams firft Covenant-ftate *, but 
 the believer is in a fure confirmed ftate, as fure as the Elect 
 Angels who never fell. i> By the Covenant of Suretifhip 
 the believers help is laid upon one that is mighty, pfal. 8o\io. 
 A potent perfon is his helper, for their Redeemer is ftrong, 
 Dent. 3 3- 2.7, The eternal God is thy refuge , and underneath 
 are the everlafting arms. Ifa- 40. 28, 29, Haft thou not known y 
 haft thou not heard, that the everlafting God, the Lord, the 
 Creator of the ends of the earthy fainteth not, neither is weary , 
 there is no fe arching of his under ft anding ? He giveth power 
 to the faint : and to them that have no might, he encreafeth 
 ftrength. 2. By this Covenant there is a great juncture of 
 undertakings for the believers (landing , to wit, by both 
 the parties of that Covenant. 1 . By this Covenant the belie- 
 vers ftanding and perfeverance is taken off the creatures mu- 
 table will, and is now upon the gracious immutable counfel 
 of Gods will, Heb. 6. 17, Wherein God, willing more abun- 
 dantly to Jhew unto the heirs of promife, the immutability 
 of his counfel, ckc Lu\. 12. 32, Fear not little flock^ for it 
 is your fathers good pleafure to give you the kingdom. 4. By 
 
 T this 
 
13? Grounds offnfflort and comfort Chap. VI. 
 
 this Covenant-falvation, the weight of Salvation is taken off 
 the creatures acting, and laid upon Chrifts, 7/^.49. 6, That 
 thou may eft be my falvation unto the end of the earth. Joh. 1 7. 2, 
 As thou haft given him power over allflejh, that hejhouldgive eter~ 
 nal life to as many as thou haft given him. 5. The fame confirm- 
 ing-grace that is given to the Elett Angels, is by Chrifts Cove- 
 nant of Suretifhip enfured, yea, given in Chrift to the believer, 
 inwhom ye arecompleat^ C0L2.10. 2 Tim. 1.9, Who hath faved 
 us, and called us with an holy calling-, not according to our 
 Works, but according to his own purpofe and grace, which was 
 given us in Chrift Jefm, before the world began. 6. The 
 honour of Chrift Mediator, by this Suretifhip of his, lies at 
 the ftake for the weak believers (landing, Joh. 17. 10, All 
 wine are thine, and thine are mine. I am glorified in them. 
 
 How fhould this comfort the believers heart, and fupport 
 his faith , that though he be not yet without the reach 
 of dangers, yet by Chrifts Suretifhip he is in a confirmed 
 ftate ? that he can no more fall quite away from his ftate of 
 Grace and Faith, than Jehovah can break to Chrift, or Chrift 
 break to his Father, which is impoffible ? Pfal.%9. $5, 36, 
 Once have I fworn by my holinefs r that I will not lye unto 
 David. His feed Jh all endure for ever. Rev. 1. 5, And from 
 Jefus Chrift who is the faithful witnefs. That the faith of 
 the leaft of them that believe on Chrift, can no more fail, 
 than Chrift can want his reward, which is impoflible, J fa. 
 53. 11, He jl all fee of the travel of his foul , and jh all befa- 
 tisfied. Chrift cannot be left unfatisfied, which he fhould 
 be if the faith of any of his fhould fail, in regard of Chrifts 
 Suretifhip \ the weak believers legs can no more fail, in re- 
 gard of Chrifts Suretifhip, than his arms can fail, PfaL^o. 1 1, 
 He ft: all gather the lambs with his arms. 
 
 11. Whatibever Chrift acted by the Covenant of Sureti- 
 fhip, he did it for us, and we did that in him. For, 
 1. Whatfoever he acted by vertue of the Covenant of 
 Suretifhip, he acted as a Surety. Now a Surety is one that 
 undertakes and does for another, and whefe deed by the 
 allowance of the Law, (lands for the deed of that perfon 
 for whom he was undertaker : a perfon who puts himfdf 
 in the ftead of another', liich a perfon was Jndah for Benja- 
 min, Gen. 43. 9. Chap. 44. 32. 2. Whatfoever he acted by 
 
 vertue 
 
Chap. VI. from the Covenant ofSuretifiip. I 39 
 
 vertue of this Covenant, he a&ed as a publick perfon, I do not 
 fay that in the tranfa&ing of the Covenant of Suretifhip Chrift 
 atted as a publick perlbn : for then fallen man fhould be an un- 
 dertaker to iatisfie juftice,and to pay a price of blood toGod for 
 his own fin,becaufe a perlbn who represented him,did undertake 
 this: but I fay, ?.fter Chrift perfonallyconfidered, had by the 
 Covenant of Suretifhip taken upon him this publick capacity 
 and place, whatfoever he ac~Ld by doing or fuffering, he 
 a&ed ftill as a publick perfon : Now a publick perfon is one 
 who peribnates, reprefents and a&s the part of another, fo 
 that what he doth ( as fuch ) that other perfon whom he 
 reprefents, is reckoned by the Law to do : iuch publick per- 
 fons were Adam and Chrift *, the firfl man and the fecondy 
 the heads of two families, who reprefented all that came 
 of them, their feed and heirs, Rom. 5. i2,&c. 1 Cor. 15.21, 
 22. Confider, how comfortable this is to the believer, and 
 what fupport it affords to his faith-, look over his ftate, 
 his condition, his actings, all that he was made, all that he did, 
 all that was done to him ; he was made, and did, and fuf- 
 fered all that for the believer*, and his Eleft people were 
 made, and did, and fuffercd, and received all that in him : 
 when he died, God reckoned us dying then, and would have 
 us reckon fo alfo, Rom. 6. 10, 11, For in that he died, he 
 died unto fin; but in that he liveth 3 he liveth unto God. 
 Likgwife, reckon ye alfo your [elves to be dead indeed unto 
 fin 3 but alive unto God through Jefus Chrift cur Lord. When 
 he fuffered and fatisfled the Law, God reckoned that we 
 did fo alfo, Gal. g. 1 3, Chrift hath redeemed us from the 
 cur ft of the law, being madt a curfe for us. When be was 
 acquitted and difcharged of the Debt, when he rofe again, 
 and was releafed from the Prifon and Bonds of the Law, 
 we did fo alfo, Rom. 4.25, Who was delivered for our often- 
 cesy and was raifed again for our juftifcation. 1 Cor. 15.20, 
 21, But now is Chrift rifen from the dead? and become the 
 fir ft fruits of them that flept. For fine e (?y man came death; 
 by man alfo came the refurrettion of the dead. When he en- 
 tered jnto Heaven, and had reception, and a welcome of 
 Covenant- favour, there we did fo alfo, and had the lame 
 welcome, Eph.2.6, And hath raifed us up together , and made 
 us fit together in heavenly places in Chrift Jefm, For he 
 
 T 2 afted 
 
I40 Grounds offupport and comfort Chap. VI. 
 
 atled all thefe things in our ftead •, and all thefe things were 
 done to him, as a perfon representing us. 
 
 12. By the Covenant of Suretifhip, befide all other At- 
 tributes in God, Juftice it felf, that is moft terrible to the 
 believer, and was ibmetimes a dreadful Attribute, and fpeak- 
 ing nothing lefs than Damnation to fallen man, is now turn- 
 ed to be as much for the believers Salvation, as any other 
 attribute in God : and upon that account is, and may be 
 comfortably looked upon, ijoh. 1.9, If we confefs our fins ', 
 he is faithful and jufi to forgive hs our fins, and to clean fe pu 
 from all unrighteonfnefs . 11 you ask, How can that be, that 
 Juftice fhould be for the forgiveneis of our fins, if we do 
 but confefs them, though we can make no fatisfaftion to 
 juftice for them? Chrift by his Suretifhip hath brought a- 
 bout the bufmefs, and handled the matter of Salvation fo, 
 that Juftice and Righteoufnefs is as forward, as much engaged 
 to fave the believer, as any other Attribute in God, 1 Joh. 
 2. 2, And he is the propitiation for our fms : and not for our 
 fins only j but alfo for the fms of the whole world. For, 
 1. Chrift hath fatisfied Juftice by a condign-price, the price 
 of the blood of a perfon who is God 5 he hath payed the 
 believers Debt to the leaft farthing. 2. He pleads this fa- 
 tisfaction, and his own righteoufnefs for the people whofe 
 Debt he took upon him to pay *, and thus he carried his 
 matter by righteoufnefs and Juftice. Now Juftice, when 'tis 
 fatisfied and made for a perfon, is as comfortable, as 'tis 
 terrible when it is unfatisfied, and againft a perfon. How 
 fweet and comfortable is this to the believer, that by the 
 Suretifhip of Chrift, not only favour and grace is for him, 
 but Juftice alfo ? that fatisfied Juftice is the finfui believers 
 friend, ftands on his fide :, and if God be righteous and juft, 
 he wilJ, he muft, he cannot but forgive the confeflmg-belie- 
 ver, and fave him upon Chrifts account, who fuffered and 
 fatisfied funitive Juftice, and merited by a condign-price, 
 holding proportion with the thing which he bought, that 
 Cowm unit drive and remunerative- Juftice fhould give this reward 
 for his work. 
 
 Learn hence, 1. From the Covenant of Suretifhip, to 
 frame an anfwer to all temptations from our own frailty, mu- 
 tability, inconftancy, mixture of unbelief with faith, of cor- 
 ruption 
 
Chap. VI. from the Covenant ofSuretiJh/p. 141 
 
 ruption with grace, &c. and the like : the weak believer 
 think?, Adam and the Angels fell, who had no fin in them, 
 who had habitual grace in perfection, and how can I ftand 
 The Covenant of Suretifhip anfwers thefe and the like af- 
 faults of the weak believers faith .* 1 . Thou ftandeftby faith-, 
 which excludeth boafting : and if thou be not high minded^ 
 but fear, Rom. 11. 20, thou (halt ftand by faith: but they 
 ftood by the Law of works, which doth not exclude boaft- 
 ing, Rom. 3.27. And therefore they feared not, but were 
 lifted up, and fell. 2. That fame low defpifed thing, the 
 little weak faith that is in thee, as it is of another kind 
 than any faith which was in them, which was not faith in 
 Chrift Mediator, fo it is given to thee for another end, 
 even that thou mayeft by going out of thy M^, ftand by faith •, 
 and cometh f om another fpring, which makes it indefectible, 
 Luk^ 22. 32, *But I grayed for thee that thy faith fail not : this 
 is his feed that remaineth in him that is born of God, 1 Joh. 
 3.9. 3. Although Adam and the Angels that fell, had ha- 
 bitual grace in perfection, without mixture of corruption *, 
 yet they had no promifc nor alfurance of the fpirit and 
 actual influences which the weakeft believer hath fetled 
 upon him bypromife, Ez*ekz 36.27, And I will put my fpi- 
 rit within you , and caufe you to walk^in my ftatutes, and ye 
 fiall keep my judgments, and do them. 4. Neither had thefe 
 grace in the ftore-houie, Chrift given to them j though they 
 had a fair ftock, yet it was all in their own hand at adventure, 
 and the well head and fountain of life to them was placed 
 in themfelves, or the ftreams were cut off from the fountain ; 
 but to the weak believer, the fountain of life and grace is pla- 
 ced in Chrift, Eph. 2. ic, For we are his workmanship , crea- 
 ted in Chrift Jefm unto good works. Joh. I. 26, And of his 
 fulnefs have all we received-, and grace for grace. 5. Nor 
 was Chrift an undertaker and Surety tor the Angels that 
 fell, nor for Adam in his firft Covenant ftate :, he gave no 
 Bond, nor came under any act of Suretifhip for their {land- 
 ing, Heb. 2. 16, For verily he took^ not on him the nature of 
 Angels , but he took^ on him the feed of Abraham. God 
 never faid to them as he doth to the believer, Pfal. 89.10, 
 / have laid help Upon one that is mighty. 
 
 2. -Learn hence to admire and ftudy thefe eternal depths 
 
 of 
 
Grounds of fupport and comfort Chap. VI. 
 
 of love and wifdome that flrine forth in Gods Covenant- 
 tranfaftions with Chrift, Eph. $. 18, 19, That you may be 
 able to comprehend with all faints, what is the breadth, and 
 length, and depth, and height ; and to know the love of 
 Chrift which puffeth knowledge This glorious myftery 
 the Angels defire to fearch into, though not fo much con- 
 cerned in it as we, and (hall not believers much more 
 ftudy it? 1. The wifdom and knowledg that found out 
 this way, that was beyond the poflible reach of men and 
 Angels *, that loll man who was in as hopelefs a condition 
 «s the Apoftate Angels, fhould be by a Surety, by fuch a 
 Surety undertaken for, when Angels were palled by, Heb. 
 2. 16. 2. The everlafting out-goings of that fame eternal 
 love, which came forth in Covenant-tranfac"tions betwixt the 
 Father and the Son, when thefe objects of his love and e- 
 ternal delight were not yet revealed, nor knew any thing 
 of it, Prov.%.2$, to 31. What a wonder is this, that the 
 heart of God, the delights of God fhould be taken up about 
 fuch objects! $. The Soveraign gracioufnefs and free pre- 
 venting-grace of this Surejtifhip, that Chrift became Surety 
 and undertaker, and came to fulfil his Suretifhip, not fought 
 for, not fent for, not fo much as defired by us, to under- 
 take and act any thing for us, If a. 65. 1, I am fought of 
 them that asked not for me, I am found of them that fought me 
 not. I faid, Behold me, Behold me, unto a nation that was 
 not called by my Name. 4. The feafonablenefs of his fend- 
 ing the notice of this unto us *, the Lord provided a phy- 
 fician before we were fick, and fent him to us in due time y 
 1 Tim. 2. 6. Gal. 4. 4. When fallen man was fick unto 
 death, when Juftice with a fiery fword kept him out from 
 happinefs, when he was running away, and hiding himfeif 
 at the voice of God Gen. 3. 10: When the cure was defpe- 
 rate, and the remedy impoflible to our knowledg, then came 
 the news of a Surety to undertake for us in our low con- 
 dition. 5. The double tenure whereby the believer holds 
 his pardon and life through Chrifts Suretifhp, by free-grace, 
 and by Juftice, Jam. 3. 24, Being juftified freely by his grace, 
 through the redemption that is in Jefus Chrift. The Covenant 
 of Redemption has provided both, that Free-grace fhould 
 acquit wretched finners, and Juftice alfo (hould difcharge 
 
 them 
 
Chap. VI. from the Covenant of Snretifoip. j^o 
 
 them for a full price laid down : Chrifr hath faid to Jeho- 
 vah by his Covenant of Suretifhip, as Paul kid to Philemon 
 concerning Onefimus, Philem. v» 18, 19, If he hath wronged 
 thee, or owed thee ought, put that on mine account, I Paul have 
 written it with my own hand, J will repay it. And this an- 
 fwers all that Law and Juftice, and the accufer can fay j and 
 therefore the believer may well fay with Paul, Rom. 
 8. S H $4> Who Jhall lay any thing to the charge of Gods elett ?. 
 It is God that juftifieth, who is he that condemneth f 
 
 3. Learn how needful the knowledg and perfwafion of 
 Chrifts Suretifhip and undertaking for us is. Nothing is more 
 necefTary than to believe this, 1. For the right understand- 
 ing of our Debt to him , who did lb freely, being under 
 no neceflity of nature, and not defired by us, undertake for 
 us, and put his foul in our fouls Head : a worthy ftudy in- 
 deed, and well becoming a believer to know what we owe 
 to Jefus the Surety of the Covenant, who fpoke for us be- 
 hind our backs, when we were abfent, and who laid down 
 his Bond for ours, iCor.6. 19,20, Te are not your own y 
 for ye are bought with a price, therefore glorifie God in your 
 body and in your fpir it ^ which is Gods. 2. For the eftablifh- 
 ing our hearts in the faith of our Salvation, and compleat 
 Redemption : is there any thing can ib eftablifh the heart of 
 a believer, as to know that Chrift is an undertaker for him? 
 he that can believe that Chrift became Surety for him, in 
 the eternal Counfel of God, cannot reafonably doubt, but 
 he will fulfil all his undertaking, and that he fhall be laved 
 by his Surety-actings, Rom.$.$, 9, 10, But God commendeth 
 his love towards us, in that while we were yet /Inner s, Chrift 
 died for us. Much more then being now juflified by his blood, 
 we Jhall be faved from wrath through him. For if when we 
 were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his 
 Son: much more being reconciled, we fhall be faved by his 
 life. 3. For filencing all the actings of unbelief in us, and 
 the perverie fufpicions of our heart concerning Gods Cove- 
 nant Good-will towards us*, all which do refolve upon fome 
 apprchenfions of breach of the Covenant of Suretifhip be- 
 twixt Jehovah and Chrift : for if that ftand faft upon both 
 fides, what place is there for doubting and unbelief, iTtm. 
 2. 13, Jf we believe not, yet he abideth faithful, he cannot de- 
 ny 
 
144. Grounds of fttpport and comfort Chap. VL 
 
 ny him ft If. Rom. $. 5, 4, For what if fome did not believe, 
 {hall their unbelief make the faith of Cod without ejfeft f God 
 forbid. 
 
 4- Nothing more neceflary for engaging our hearts in 
 the ftudy of faith and holinels, and unto a, walk becoming 
 the redeemed of the Lord, than the faith of Chrifts Sureti- 
 (hip. 
 
 Three ways does this engage unto holinels and becoming 
 walking. 
 
 1. Morally, and by way of excitement and motive: the 
 faith of Chrifts Suretifhip and undertaking for us, is both an 
 inviting, and encouraging motive to be holy, forafmuch as 
 we are chofen in Chrift to be holy, and given to him to be 
 made holy, Eph. 1.4, According as he hath chofen us in him 
 before the foundation cf the world, that we jhould be holy, &c. 
 Joh. 17. 1 7, Sanclifie them through thy truth, thy word ts 
 truth. Heb. 2. n, For both he that fanclifieth, and they who 
 -are fanclifed, are all one. 
 
 2. By way of obligement : Chrifts Suretifhip doth oblige 
 us, and lay on Bonds and Obligations to this duty, that 
 we fhould believe and be holy : ^nd he who hath the faith 
 of Chrifts Suretifhip cannot but judg ib, 2 Cor. 5. 14, 15, 
 For the love of Chrift Conftraineth us, becaufe we thus judg, 
 that if one died for all, then were all dead. And that he di- 
 ed for all, that they which live Jhould not henceforth live unto 
 them/elves, &c. 1 Cor. 6. 20, For ye are bought with a price, 
 therefore glorifie God in your body, and in your fpirit, which 
 are Gods. 
 
 3. By way of real influence : the faith of Chrifts Sureti- 
 fhip hath real influence upon the believers heart, to make 
 him ftudy to walk like the redeemed people •, if the threat- 
 nings of the Law and Gofpel have fome influence upon the 
 fpirit of man, to make him obey the Law or Gofpel , 'tis 
 without doubt they have a moral influence*, and when ac- 
 companied with the fpirit, they have real influence, Heb. 2. 
 $> Howjhallwe efcape, if we neglect fo great falvat ion ? Chap. 
 12. v. 25, See that ye refufe not him that fpeakeih : for if they 
 efcaped not who refufed him that fpake on earth, much more 
 frail not we efcape, if we turn away from him that fpeaketh 
 from heaven. Sure the gracious Covenant of Suretifhip be- 
 twixt 
 
Chap, VII. Of the Nawe AtediMor, 6kc< 145 
 
 twixt Jehovah and Chrifr, the undertakings of Chrifl:, for 
 the believer mufl much more have influences upon the be- 
 lievers fpirit, and really put him to it, to walk like aranfom- 
 ed foul, Gal. 2. 20, 1 am crucified with ^ Chrifl ^ neverthelefs y 
 I live *, yet not I, but Chrifl liveth in me ', and the life which 
 I now live in the flefi, I live by the faith of the Son of God, 
 who loved me, and gave himfelf for me. 2 Cor. 7. 1, Having 
 therefore thefe promifes, dearly beloved, let its cleanfe our felves 
 from all filthinefs of the flefij and fpirit, perfetling holme fs in 
 the fear of the Lord. 
 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 Of the Name Mediator, what it fignifieth, 
 and how it agreeth to Chriji. 
 
 THat there is a Mediator of the Covenant of Grace, and 
 but one only, even the Lord Jefus*Chrift, doth clearly 
 appear from H p b.%.6. Chap. 9. v. 15. Chap. 12. v. 22, 2$, 
 24. 1 Tim. 2.5, For there is one God, and one Mediator be- 
 tween God and man, the man Chrift Jefns. 
 
 The firft Covenant which was of works, had no Media- 
 tor : for then there was no difagreement betwixt God and 
 Man -, but this Covenant under which we (land by Grace, 
 
 h a Mediator, and needeth one, as I fhail fhew by and 
 u 
 
 Concerning the Mediator of the new Covenant, we 
 fhall confider, 1. The Name, what it fignifieth, and how 
 it agreeth to Chrifl:. 2. The neceffity of a Mediator in the 
 new Covenant. 3. The Perfon that is Mediator. 4. The 
 Office of Mediatorfhip, and thefe things that belong unto 
 it. 5. The grounds of comfort, and fupports of faith afi- 
 fing to believers from Chrifts Mediation. 
 
 1 . The Name Mediator, \jhq\7u, properly fignifies a midler, 
 whether he be fuch in regard of his Perfon orCffice, one be- 
 twixt two. Gal. 3.20, Now a mediator is not a mediator of 
 
 V - one, 
 
t\6 Of the Nam Mediator, Chap. VII. 
 
 one? but God is one. And ^Reconciler? as the Hebrew word 
 fignifies, Job 9. 33, Neither is there any days-man betwixt 
 Gmt. de fatisf. HS > that might lay his hand upon us both rV3?E> Mochjach? 
 chrift? cap. 8. a Triefter , one who interpofeth for taking away differen- 
 ces betwixt difagreeing parties. It fignifies alio one that de- 
 clareth things betwixt parties, internuntim interpres? one that, 
 goes betwixt parties, and carries the mind of each to other *, 
 in which fenfe Mofcs was a typical Mediator betwixt God 
 and the Children of Ifrael? who carried 'the will of God 
 to them, and carried back their anfwer to God, Gal. 3. 
 19, 20, with Exod. 19. 3. Chap. 20. v. 19. Dent. 5. 5. 
 Socir.de fervat. And although Socinus plead that the word Mediator? fig- 
 lib, i. cap. 2.nifies nothing in Scripture but an Interpreter? the falfhood 
 whereof doth evidently appear from, Heb.g. 15, And for 
 this caufe he i* the mediator of the new Teftamem? that by 
 means of death ? for the redemption of the tranfgreffions that 
 were under the firft teftament? they which are called might re- 
 ceive the promife of eternal inheritance , &c. 1 Tim. 2. 5, 6, 
 For there is one God, and one Mediator between God and man, 
 the man Chrift Jefus? who gave himfelf a ranfome for all? 
 to be teftifiod in due time. Alfo, he would have Chrift to 
 be a Mediator, only in this laft fenfe, that is, Gods Inter- 
 preter : yet all the three fignifications of the word do agree 
 to Chrift*, and he is called the Mediator of the new Cove- 
 nant, with reipeft to all the three. 1. He is one betwixt 
 two, that middle perfon ? God and man equally diftant from 
 both, equally drawing near to both- parties, and fo in a fit 
 capacity to mediate and interpofe, Mat. 1. 23, And they 
 (hall call his name Emanuel? which being interpreted? is God 
 with us. -jjle is the days-man the Reconciler, and triefter of 
 the difference, who h j th int-rpofed and actually compofed 
 the difference, Eph. 2. 14, 16, For he is our peace? who hath 
 
 made both one And that he might reconcile both unto God? 
 
 in one body by the crofs? having jlain the enmity thereby. 
 2 Cor. 5. 19, God was in Chrift reconciling -the world unto 
 himfelf? not imputing their trefpaffes unto them? and hath com- 
 mitted unto us the word of reconciliation. Col. 1.20, And ha- 
 ving made peace by the blood of his crofs? to him to reconcile, 
 all things to himfelf. 3. He is the Mediator in this fenfe 
 alio, and Interpreter? who publifned and declared the new 
 
 Covenant, 
 
Chap. VII. and how it agrceth to Chriji. 1 47 
 
 Covenant, and the peace, Eph. 2. 17, And came and preached 
 peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were 
 nigh. He went betwixt the parties, and carried the offers 
 ol one, and the acceptation of. the other. In which refpeft: 
 he is called the Meffenger or Angel of the Covenant , Mai. 
 3.1. And fo much for a tafte of the Name and fignifica- 
 tion of the word Mediator: of the thing we (hall fpeak, 
 when we come to fpeak of the Mediators Perfon and 
 Office. 
 
 More particularly *, Why is Jefus called the Mediator of 
 the new Covenant ', Heb. 12. 24? Or, in what refpe&s 
 does this Name agree to him? and what may it im- 
 port? 
 
 I will not trouble the Reader with the enumeration of how 
 often and ordinarily he is found in medio jm the middle ', he that Gerard, loc. 
 plealeth may read it elfewhere. But I think he is called the Me- cm. deper- 
 diatorofthe new Covenant upon a fourfold account. 1. lnl on \*: c : °ti* Cm 
 refpett of his Perfon, vbecaufe he was a middle per/on, participate £ r &* 4 * 
 ing of both parties, 0e*'j/0f a>*r©-, having intereft in both parties, 
 Cod-man ; Immanuel,Godwith hs,qx God us, Mat. 1.2 3. 2. In 
 refpe&of his Office, not only a middle-peribn, but a middle 
 officer, defigned for a middle-work, for dealing betwixt God 
 and man in the great tranfattion of Reconciliation, Col.i. 
 20. 2 Cor. 5. 19. $. In refpeft of his fitnefs and qualificati- 
 ons to interpoie betwixt God and man, (whereof more after- 
 ward, at this time but a paffing-word of it). He was the 
 only fit perfon to lay hands on both parties: In Heaven or 
 Earth, there was not found a fit perfon to mediate betwixt 
 God and man until Heaven and Earth, God and man, be joyn- 
 ed in one perfon, to make a dt Mediator, a perfon equally 
 diftant from, and equally near unto both parties. A per- 
 fon who is Gods feHow, Zech. 13.7, Awake, Ofword, againfi 
 my jhepherd, and againfi the man that is my fellow. And 
 who is our fellow, made himfelf our companion, and like un* 
 to his brethren, Heb. 2. 14, 17. A perfon who is Gods Sort, 
 and our brother, J oh. 20. 17, I afcend unto my father, and 
 yonr father ', and to my God, and your God : our Goel, Job 
 1 p. 25, For I know that my redeemer liveth, and that he fhall 
 ftand at the latter day upon the earth. Our kinfman, who had 
 the right of Redemption. 4. He is called Mediator, the 
 
 V 2 raidling 
 
148 - Of the Name Mediator, Chap. VII. 
 
 midiing perfon, not only in regard of his fitnefs^ but upon 
 the account- of his attual interpofmg, and ftepping ia betwixt 
 the difagreeing parties # , becauie he acted and executed the 
 Mediators Office which he took upon him, and for which 
 he was fitted-, he acted the day-mans part in the treaty of 
 peace: he, through whom the whole Covenant of peace from 
 beginning to end was trania&ed *, who flood in every pafTage 
 of it as a middle perfon, through whom God dealt with 
 us, and we with him. 
 
 i. Through him was the Covenant with us fir ft mo- 
 tioned, and by him was the motion and overture en- 
 tertained on our behalf: there had never been a Co- 
 venant betwixt God and fallen men, had not Chrift ftept 
 in to overture the reconciliation of Juftice and Mercy, Trov. 
 8. 30, 1 1, Then I was by him, as one brought up with him, 
 and 1 was daily his delight, rejoycing always before him. Re- 
 joycing in the habitable part of his earth: and my delights were 
 with the fons of men. He is Mediator Propofitionis , or rather 
 proponendo, the perfon through whom the firft motion of it 
 was made and entertained. 
 
 2. Through him was the bufinefs done, and ended in the 
 Counfel of God : he entertained the motion of a Covenant ; 
 and agented it till it was a clofed bargain, in an eternal 
 plot betwixt his Father and himfelf, Pfal. 80. 3, J have made 
 my Covenant, with a chofen : 7 have [worn unto David my 
 fervant. 6^^40.^.7, ThenfaidLLo, J come. He is Medi- 
 ator Impetrationis, who obtained and procured, that the pro- 
 pofal of free Redemption fhould be a conncluded Agree- 
 ment. 
 
 I. Through him were we reprefented in Chrifts tranfadion 
 with his Father : he interpofed and did the bufinefs by way of 
 reprelentation, as the Head of the Church in the name, and on 
 the behalf of many, Heb.i. 1 $, Behold I, md the children 
 which God hath given me. 2 Tim. 1.9, Who hath faved as, 
 and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, 
 htt according to his own purpofe and grace which was given us 
 in Chrift Jefus, before the world began. He is Mediator re- 
 prefentationis, the perfon that ftood and reprefented many : 
 When God fpoke with us in him, as the Angels did with 
 Ifrael in Jacobs loins, for there he fake with us, Hof. 12. 4. 
 
 4. Through 
 
Chap. VII. and how it agreeth to Chrift. 1 49 
 
 4. Through him did God ftrike hands with us : the fti- 
 pulation on our part was made by him, whom God took 
 as a refponfal perfon, and in our room to bargain with, 
 Heb. 7. 22, By fo much was Jefus made a furety of a better 
 Teftament. Pfal. 89. 19, / have laid help upon one that 
 is mighty. I have exalted one chofen out of the people* He is 
 Mediator , fdei-]uffwnis, the perfon who put his name in our 
 Bond, and ftept in as a Sponfor and Surety for the broken 
 man. 
 
 5. Through him is the whole Covenant fulfilled, and e- 
 very word of it hath a being, ex parte dei he fulfilkth all 
 that is promifed on Gods part, 2 Cor. 1. 20, For all the pro- 
 tnifes of God in him arc yea, and m- him are Amen: And 
 ex parte homnis, he worketh in us, and for us, whatfoever 
 is required of us, Phil. 1. 21, Being filled with the fruits of 
 right eoufnefs, which are by Jefus Chrift, unto the glory and 
 praife ef God. Heb. 12.2, Looking unto Jefus the author and 
 finijher of our faith. He is Mediator impletionis, the perfon 
 in whom the whole Covenant is fulfilled and accomplifh- 
 ed. 
 
 6. Through him came the news of this fecond Covenant :. 
 he proclaimed and publifhed the glad tydings, lfa,6\. i 5 
 The fpirit of the Lord is upon me, becaufe the Lord hath an- 
 vointed me to preach gosd ty dings unto the meek. Eph- 2. 17, 
 And came and preached peace to yon which are afar off, and 
 to them that were nigh. Pfal. 40. 9, / have preached righte- 
 oufnefs in the great congregation. He is Mediator promulga- 
 tions, the chief herauld and melTenger, the perfon by whom* 
 and by his appointed fervants, the Covenant was and is 
 preached. 
 
 7. Through him is the myftery made manifest in the hearts 
 of his people : he fhines upon the myftery of the Covenant, 
 and makes it to be underftood •, and this fecond difcovery of 
 God in Chrift, can never be revealed but by the Mediator 
 himfelf, Joh. 4,7.6. I have manifefted thy name. 2 Cor. 4. 6. 
 For God who commanded the light to fhine out of darknefs, hath 
 jhined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledg of the 
 glory cf God, in the face of Jefus Chrift. Joh. 1. i8 ; No man 
 hath feen God at any time : the only begotten Son, which is 
 in the bofime cf the Father, he hath declared him. He is 
 
 Mediator. 
 
Of the Nam Mediator, Chap. VII. 
 
 Mediator illnminatioms, or the very medium of this ntw- 
 Ligftt , the perfon bv whom the Covenant is reveal- 
 ed . 
 
 8. By him was a price told down to Juftice on our be- 
 half: he interpoied to latisfie Juftice on the terms it flood 
 upon, and entered his perfon in priibn for us, till he payed 
 the Debt by the price of his blood, after which he was 
 fet at liberty, Heb.y. 12, 15, But by his own blcodhe entred 
 in once into the holy place, having obtained redemption for us. 
 
 And for this caufe he is the Mediator of the new Tefla- 
 
 tnent, that by means of death ', &c Rom. 3.24, Being juftified 
 freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Jefus 
 Chrifl. He is Mediator redemptions feu fatisfatlionis, the 
 perfon that made the fatisfaftion, and payed the price to 
 Juftice to the full, by his obedience to death. 
 
 9. Through him is the difference actually compofed, and 
 the peace made, the difagreeing parties are brought toge- 
 ther in him as a middle perfon, and fit refting-place, Eph. 
 2. 13, 14, But now in Chrifl Jefus, ye who fometimes were 
 far off', are made nigh by the blood of Chrifl. For he is our 
 peace, who hath made both one. Heb. 2. 17, To make reconci- 
 liation for the fins of his people. He is Mediator reconcilia- 
 tions, the perfon that made the peace, and in whom the 
 difference is compofed, 2 Cor. 5. 19, God was in Chrifl recon- 
 ciling the world to himfelf. 
 
 10. Through him are all the bleftlngs of the Covenant 
 applied to us, and the fruit of his purchafe is drawn forth 
 by his interceflion as a Prieft for ever, which he doth as a 
 Mediator, Heb.7.15, Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them 
 to the uttermofl that come unto God by him, feeing he ever liv- 
 ethto maki inter cejfion for them. H* is Mediator applicati- 
 ons feu interceffionis, the perfon that ftill mediates and offi- 
 ciates before God on our behalf, for frefh applications of all 
 his purchafe. 
 
 11. Through him we receive all the bleffings of the 
 Covenant : he receives them for us, and Chrift Mediator is 
 conftitute great Lord Difpenfator and Theafaurer, the head 
 of the Church, who receiveth bleffings for the whole bo- 
 dy, and every member thereof, iTin\. 1. 9, According to 
 his own purpofe and grace which was given us in Chrifl Jefus 
 
 before 
 
Chap. VII. and how it agreeth to Chrift. 1^ I 
 
 before the world began, Eph. I.J, Blejfed be the god andfa* 
 ther of our Lord Jefus Chrift, who hath blejfed us with all 
 f primal bleffwgs in heavenly places in Chrift. Pfal. 68. 18, 
 Thou haft received gifts for men. He is Mediator reception 
 nisj the perfon who receivcth all the bleflings of the Cove- 
 nant at the firft hand *, who is the ftore-houfe, and fountain, 
 the perfon on whom all the atts of Gods love are firft put 
 forth, Job. I* 14, 16, And the word was made flejh, and 
 dwelt among us \ and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the 
 enly begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.-— And 
 of his fulnefs have all we received, and grace for grace. 
 
 12. Through him was the Covenant with us confirmed : 
 he fealed the new Teftament with his own blood, and in- 
 terpofed by his death to make the Covenant Gods irrevo- 
 cable will of grace to us-ward, Gal. $. 15, 17, Though it be 
 but a mans covenant, yet if it be confirmed, no man difannulleth 
 or addeth thereunto. And this I fay, That the Covenant that 
 was confirmed before of God in Chrift, the law which was four 
 hundred and thirty years after cannot dif annul, that it jhould 
 make the promifes of none effect. Heb. 6. 17, 18, Wherein God, 
 willing more abundantly to manifeft unto the heirs of promife 
 the immutability of his counfel, confirmed it by an oath, that 
 by two immutable things, wherein it was impoffible for God to 
 lye, we might haveftrow confolation, who have fled for refuge to lay 
 hold upon the hops fet before us. He is Mediator confirma- 
 tionis, the perfon in whom, and by whom the Covenant was 
 confirmed. 
 
 13. Through him is the Covenant a clofed bargain, as 
 to the addition of our content to it : through him are our 
 hearts ingaged to the bargain : he travelleth with us to get 
 our confent to it, 2 Cor. 5. 19, God was in Chrift reconciling' 
 the world unto himfelf, not imputing their trefpaffes unto them ' 
 and hath cdmmittei unto us the word of reconciliation. Ezek. 
 20. 37, Aid- 1 will caufe you topafs under the rod, and I will 
 bring you into the bond of the Covenant. Rev. 22. 17, And 
 the fpirit and the bride fay , Come. He is Mediator , 
 adftipulationis feu confenfus noftri, the perfon who interpofeth 
 for the fubjecltion of our confent, and to get our heart to 
 fay Amen to the Covenant} and is therefore called the A- 
 poftle and High-prieft of our profeffwn^ or adftipulation, Heb. 
 3. I- 14. Through 
 
jp Of the Name Mediator, Chap. VII. 
 
 14. Through him is the Covenant held fa ft with all thofe 
 who are once really engaged in it, that it crumble not a- 
 vvay as the raft Covenant did, but may Hand firm and (table, 
 Pfal.%9. 34, 35, My Covenant will I not breaks nor alter the 
 thing that is gene out of my lips. Once have I [worn by my 
 holme fs, that l will not lye Unto David. Joh. 17. 12, Thofe 
 that thou gavefl me I have kjpt, and none of them is loft. 
 He is Mediator confervationis y the perion who conlerveth 
 and keepeth the peace betwixt the covenanted parties, and 
 makes the Covenant lure, ijoh.2. 1,2, And if any man fin, 
 we have an advocate with the father, Jefus Chrift the righte- 
 ous. And he is the propitiation for our fins. 
 
 From this, that Chrift is Mediator of the new Cove- 
 nant : 
 
 Vfe 1. This fheweth the mifery of all thofe who are un- 
 der the Covenant of works,which is the ftate of all natural men. 
 Chrift is not Mediator of that Covenant under which you 
 (land \ you muft either do for your (elves, or think of chang- 
 ing your Covenant ftate *, for Chrifts mediation doth not- 
 reach you, fo as you continuing in that condition can have any 
 a&ual benefit by it, Joh. 17.9, / pray for them, I pray not 
 for the world, but for them that thou haft given me, for they 
 nre thine. 
 
 Vfe 2. This fheweth sdfo the blelTed ftate of believers who 
 are in the Covenant of grace : you are not come to the 
 Mountain that can not be touched -, you may w r ith bold- 
 nefs approach to God w T ith your fervices ^ and for obtaining 
 bleffmgs and directions from him , you have a Mediator to 
 deal for you *, if he be angry at any time, you have one to 
 put between you and his anger, to (peak for you when you 
 dare not fpeak for your felves •, to procure bleflings for you 
 when you deferve none, 1 Joh. 1. 2, If any man fin, we have 
 an advocate with the Father, Jefus Chrift the righteous. Eph. 
 2. 18, For through him we both have an accefs by one fpirit 
 unto the Father. Chap. \.v. 12, In whom we have boldnefs and 
 accefs, with confidence by the faith of him. 
 
 Vfe 3. Since Jefus Chrift is Mediator of the new Cove- 
 nant, then he muft be imployed, and acknowledged in all 
 things pertaining to the Covenant, Heb. 2. 17, And in all 
 things pertaining to God : for if it be a bufine(s betwixt God 
 
 and 
 
Chap. VIII. Of the Neceffitj/ of a Mediator* j 53 
 
 and a man who is within this Covenant, that falls within his 
 office, i7?/ff.2.'5i For there is one God, and one Mediator 
 between God and men, the man Chrifi Jefus. In all things 
 he muft be employed as Mediator, and acknowledged and 
 honoured as Mediator, Joh. 5. 23, That all men flronld honour 
 the Son y even as they honour the Father. 
 
 CHAP- VIII. 
 
 Of the Necejpty of a Mediator; and Rea- 
 fons why this Covenant is ejiablijbed in 
 the hands of a Mediator. 
 
 Concerning the neceffity of a Mediator in the Covenant Aquk. jum. 
 of Grace, it is to be remembred, that we ipeak not 1 part Q. ip. 
 of an abfolute neceffity of that which God could have done art. 3. 
 by his abiblute power : whether he could have reflored man ^ #w n lJ s ( ! lt ' 
 without a Mediator, and have pardoned fin without afgfe-^i 1 "- 1 "' 
 faction: nor of a natural neceffity: but we fpe?k of an hy-' 
 pothetical, refpective neceffity, upon connexion of one thing 
 with another^ In regard or the decree of God, who hav- 
 ing purpofed not to iuffer fin to pais utterly unrevenged, 
 neither yet to ckftroy all mankind in the punifhing of fin, 
 and fatisfying of Juftice *, but to glorifie himfelf in inch ma- 
 nifeftation of his grace, as fhould have fatisfaftion to Juftice 
 carried along with it: In this refpet"t it was neceffary that 
 a Mediator fhould be found who might do the work in this . 
 manner. 
 
 The Reafons fhewing th 1 neceflity of a Mediator, or Gods 
 ends in eftablifning the Covenant in the hand of a Media- 
 tor, are of thre-e forts, according to three great end's which 
 God hath before him in the work of our Redemption # , The 
 glory of God, the glory of Chrifi, and the good of his 
 people. 
 
 1. Some Reafons there are which moft directly 1 efpeft God 
 .himfelf, and his glory. X 2. Others 
 
* 5+ Of the Kecefity of a Mediator. Chap. VIIL 
 
 2. Others reipeft Chrift and his honour, as Mediator in 
 this employment. 
 
 The third fort refpeel the Creatures good and happi- 
 nefs. 
 
 And, i. The Reafons of eftablifhing this Covenant in 
 the hands of a Mediator, which refpeel God himfelf, and his 
 glory, may be, i. For the glory of his Greatnefs and Maje- 
 fty; it is his glory to be dealt with like himfclf, through- 
 out the whole bufineis of our Salvation. 
 
 i. It was for his honour that he fhould carry like a Su- 
 periour wronged : it became the Majefty of the Lord to 
 keep at a diftance with finners, and not to be dealt with 
 immediately by the parties who had done him the wrong -, 
 but by the Mediation and Interceflion of another great Per-" 
 fon, Mai. i. 14, For 1 am a great king, faith the Lord, 
 Heb. 7.25, Men muft therefore come to God by him, by a 
 Mediator. 2. It became the Majefty and Honour of God 
 to be dealt with only by his own Son, he being the greatenV 
 Courtier in Heaven, and who knew moil of his fathers mind, 
 Joh. 1. 18, No man hath feen God at any time : the only be- 
 gotten Son which is in the bofome of the father, he hath decla- 
 red him, 
 
 2. For the glory of his Wifdom : This was a plot becom- 
 ing the wifdom of God, and much for the honour of it, to 
 find out this way of making up an union betwixt God and 
 man. Again, by bringing down God to man, and bring- 
 ing up man to God, and treifting both to meet in a Media- 
 tor : wonderful did the wifdom of God appear in the Re- 
 conciling' Juftice and Mercy, and making them meet toge- 
 ther in this bufinefs *, in punifhing fin, and fetting the finner 
 free , in making a Covenant with us through a Mediator, 
 when there could be none without a Mediator, Eph. 3. 10, 
 1 1, To the intent , that now unto the principalities- and powers 
 in heavenly places, might be known by the Church the mani- 
 fold wifdom of God : according to the eternal purpofe which 
 he par po fed in Chrift Jefus oar Lord. 
 
 I. It was for the glory of Gods Goodnefs and Free-grace. 
 that grace may be acknowledged, and dealt with like Free- 
 grace 5 therefore there muft be a Mediator, who through- 
 out the accomplifomertf of ourSalvatioi} fhall deal with grace by 
 
 way 
 
Chap. VIII. Of the Necejjity of a Mediator. I 5 5 
 
 way of entreaty, and requefts *, and fhall obtain our Salva- 
 tion as freely by requefts, as if there had been no purchaie 
 made of it through iatisfa&ion to Juftice, Heb. 5. 17, Who 
 in the days of his flefh, when he had offered up prayers and 
 fupplicationSy with firong crying and tears unto him that was 
 able to fave him from death ; and was heard in that he feared. 
 Chap. 7.^.25, Seeing he ever liveth to make interceffwn for 
 them. 
 
 4. It was for the glory of his Juftice, which muft be 
 dealt with in a way of iatisfa&ion : grace will be dealt with 
 by requefts, fdlva juftitia, which muft be dealt with by a fa- 
 tisfa&ion *, therefore the Covenant is eftablifhed in the hands 
 of a Mediator, who may tell down a price to Juftice, 1 Tim. 
 2. 6, Who gave him f elf a ranfome for aH, to be teftifiedin due 
 time. Theie two the Apoftle joyns, Rom. 5.24,25,26, Be- 
 ing jufified freely by his grace^ through the redemption that is 
 in Jefus Chrifl : Whom God hath fet forth to be a propiti- 
 ation through faith in his bloody to declare his right eoufnefs for 
 the remiffwn of fins that are paft, through the forbearance of 
 God. To declare, I fay, at this time his righteoufnefs, that 
 he might be jnft, and the jufiifier of him which believeth in 
 Jefus. The higheft Juftice, and the freeft grace, met together 
 in the Mediator, to fave us by paying a price as fully as if 
 there had been no grace} and entreating of favour in the 
 matter of our Salvation : and yet as much entreaty and 
 requeft is made to grace, as if Juftice had received no fatis- 
 fa&ion. 
 
 Secondly, Other Reaforts refpetl: Chrift: the Covenant 
 is eftablifhed in the hands of a Mediator, for the glory of 
 the Mediator in this employment, whole honour and glory 
 God had in his eyes, as well as his own, Joh. 5.2$, That all 
 men fhould honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. 
 And 16. 14) He fidl glofife me, for he fiiaU receive of mine, 
 and fhall fhew it unto you. Now the conflicting and ap- 
 pointing Chrift Mediator of the new Covenant, is for his 
 honour, 1. In rdpecl of the honourable offices which are 
 laid upon him as Mediator : for it is as Mediator that he 
 is conftituted a King, a Prieft, and a Prophet to his people, 
 Heb. 1, and 7 Chap, throughout, which are honourable oftj- 
 ces, Heb. 5.4, And no man taketh this honour unto himjelf, 
 
 X 2 but 
 
1 5 6 Of the NeceJJity of a Mediator. Chap. VIW. 
 
 but he that is called of God as was Aaron. Joh. 5. 22,2$, 
 But hath committed all judgment to the Son, that all men 
 frould honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. 2. In 
 reipccl of the exceeding great power which is put in his 
 hand as Mediator : no lets than the adminiftration of the 
 whole affairs in Heaven and Earthy and that every knee frould 
 bow to him, Phil. 2. 10, And the government frail be upm his 
 fr odder, Ifa. o. 6. Mat. 28. 18, All power is given unto me 
 in heaven, and in earth. Rev. 3.7, He that hath the key of 
 David, he that openeth, and no man frutteth : and frutteth,and 
 no man openeth. $. In refpeel of the great dependancc that 
 lhall be upon Chrift Mediator, by many fupplicants refortr 
 ing to him, and waiting on him, for the reprefenting and 
 offering of their rcquefts. Joh. 15. 16, Whatjoever ye frail 
 as\ of the Father in my name, he frail give it yon. Zeph. $. 
 10, From beyond the rivers of Ethiopia, my fupplicants, even 
 the daughter of my difperfed frail bring mine offering. 
 4, In reipeft of his ible and abfolute working of the whole bu- 
 finefs of our Salvation from beginning to end, every part 
 of it being immediately from him as the Fountain and 
 ftore-houfe, and Great Lord Treafurer of ail the bleflings 
 of the Covenant, Heb. 12.2, Looking unto Jefus the author 
 and finifrer of our faith. Eph. 1. $, Bleffed be the God and 
 Father of our Lord Jefus Chrift, who hath bleffed us with all 
 fpiritual bleffmgs in heavenly places in Chrift. Aft. 2. jg^ 
 1 here fore being by the right hand, of God exalted, and hav- 
 ing received of the Father the promife of the holy Ghoft, he 
 hath fred forth this which ye now fee and hear. 
 
 The third fort of Reafons reipe&ing the creatures good and 
 happinefs, may be holden forth, I. Negatively. 2. Affir- 
 matively. 
 
 1. Without Chrift the Mediator, we fhould have had no 
 knowledg of God which is laving : for fince the fall, God 
 dealeth not with man immediately: nor can man fee him, 
 or hear him fpeak without a Mediator. This was typified, 
 Bxod. 20. 1 o, And they faid unto^Mofes, Speak^thou with us, 
 and we will hear : but let not Codfpeak^ with us, left we die. 
 But in the Mediator we fee Gods face, and know him fa- 
 vlngly, Joh. 17. 3, And this is life eternal^ that they might 
 know thee the only true Gq^ and Jefus Chrift whow thou haft 
 
 fenu 
 
Chap. VIII. Of the Necejfitjr of a Mediator. 1 5 7 
 
 [cut. 2 Cor. 4. 6, To give the light of the knowledg of the 
 glory of God> in the face of Jefus Chrift. 
 
 2. Without Chrift the Mediator, there could be no uni- 
 on betwixt God and man : the diftance was ib great, that 
 the parties could not come near to one another, Eph. 2.1 3, But 
 now in Chrifi Jefus, ye who fometimes were far off, are made 
 nigh by the blood of Chrift.. 
 
 3. Without the Mediator there could not have been any 
 communion with God : union h the foundation of commu- 
 nion : without Chrift the Creature fhould everlaftingly have 
 loft' the fruition of God. Without Chrift, and without God, 
 go together, Eph. 2. 12. 
 
 4. Without the Mediator we could never had any con- 
 formity with God ; we loft the Image of God, but could 
 never have regained it : but in Chrift it is reftored more 
 excellently, 2 Cor. $. 18, But we all with open face beholding 
 as in a glafs the glory of the Lord, are changed into the fame 
 image from glory to glory, even as by the fpirit of the Lord. 
 In a word: without a Mediator, no part of mans fpiritualor 
 everlafting good fhould have been brought to pais *, foraf- 
 muchas all the good which God had from eternity decreed 
 to do to man, was decreed to come to him in and through 
 a- Mediator : hence we are laid to be choien and ordained 
 unto adoption, hoiinels, obedience, perfevcrance, &c. in and 
 through him, Eph- 1. 3,4, 5, Bleffed be the God and Father 
 of our Lord Jefus Chrift ^ who hath blejfcd us with all fpiri- 
 r it ual bleffmgs in heavenly places in Chrift. According as he 
 hath chofn us in him y before the foundation of the world,that 
 we fhould be holy, and without blame before him in love. Ha- 
 ving predeftinated us unto the adoption of children by Jefus 
 Chrift to himfelf, according to the good pie afure of his wiU. 
 1 Pet 1.2, Through fancbif cation of the fpirit unto obedience, 
 and fprinkling of the blood of Chrift. 
 
 But by eftablifhing the Covenant in th: hands of a Me- 
 diator, mans good is advanced. For, 1. There is a foun- 
 dation laid of a higher happmeis to be recovered in Chrift, 
 than was loft in Adam\ for there is much more of God 
 manifefted and revealed in Jtfus Chrift, than was in the crea- 
 tion: for now we may behold his face as in a glafs, 2 Cor. 
 I, l $j throughout. Chrift, who is the brightnefs of his Fathers 
 
1 58 Of the Hecejfitji of a Mediator. Chap. VIII. 
 
 glory , Heb. 1.5. Therefore this is a better Covenant, which 
 hath better promifes in it, laid to our hand in a Mediator,^ 
 Heb. 8.6. 2. Not only a higher happinefs , and a better 
 Covenant in that refpeci, but alio through the Mediator 
 there is a foundation laid of a better iecurity for that happi- 
 nefs , a furer Covenant, and (landing in it, than was before : 
 a Covenant that cannot be difannulled, as was the firft; 
 this being eftablifhed, and ordained in the hands of a Medi- 
 atory Gal. $. 15, 17, 19. Jer. 51, n, But this frail be the 
 ■Covenant that 1 will make with the ho'ufe of Ifrael after 
 tlpofe diys, faith the Lord, I will put my laws in their inward 
 parts, and write it in their hearts : and will be their God, and 
 they frail be my people*, Chap. $$.i>. 20, 21. A happinefs 
 that cannot be for efaulted, PfalSg.^, $4, 35. 5. Through 
 the eftabli'hing of this Covenant in, the hands of a Media- 
 tor, there is ftrength and height of confidence and confola- 
 tion,anfwerable to the fecunty granted, and the folid grounds 
 of confidence and comfort that are laid in this Covenant 3 
 the fum whereof is, That all (hall go well, notwithstanding 
 all things in us that fpeak the contrary, becaufe there is a 
 Mediator in this Covenant, 1 Joh. 2. 1, 2, And if any man 
 fin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jefiu Chrifl the 
 righteous *, and he is the propitiation for our fins : and not for 
 ours only, but alfo for the fins of the whole world. Heb. 7. 25, 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them to the uttermofl that 
 come unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth to make intercefli- 
 on for them. Chap. 2. v. 17, That he might be a merciful 
 and faithful High-prieft in things pertaining to God , to 
 make reconciliation for the fins of the people. And truly 
 if there had not been a Mediator in the Covenant of grace, 
 in whofe hand it was ordained, through whom it is efta- 
 blifhed with us *, it had been as weak, ineffe&ual, and unpro- 
 fitable to give righteoufnefs and life, as the firft Covenant 
 proved. 
 
 Vfe 1. The neceflity of a Mediator in this Covenant, 
 cleareth one of the main differences betwixt the Covenant 
 of Grace and the ffrft Covenant which was of Works, where- 
 in there was no Mediator, nor need of a Mediator, the 
 parties being friends , and in fltnefs to deal immediate- 
 
 Vfe 2. 
 
Chap. VIII. Of the NeceJJIty of a Mediator. j ^a 
 
 Vfe 2. From the neceflity of a Mediator in this Cove- 
 nant, be convinced of your need of a Mediator, i. Let 
 natural men be convinced of this:, you have none to deal 
 for you, you muft ftand or fall by your own righteouihefs 
 without any mending of if, you muft do for your lelves, or be 
 undone ^ for there is no Mediator of that Covenant under 
 which you ftand : you muft do fo, or of neceflity come to 
 Chrift the Mediator, that you ma,y partake in a better Co- 
 venant. 2. Let believers be convinced of this, It is not 
 natural men only that need a Mediator to make their peace, 
 and to change their Covenant-ftate, but you alio heed a Me- 
 diator : l- At all times before, and after juftification, Rom. 
 5. 6, 10, For when we were yet without ftrength^ in due time 
 
 Chrift died for the ungodly. For if when we were enemies, 
 
 we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more 
 being reconciled, we fall' be faved by his life. In making your 
 peace, and maintaining it : before, and in, and after your 
 converfioh, you will need a Mediator, till you be in over 
 the threfhold of glory *> till you have put off the body of 
 fin, Joh. 6. 44, No man can come to me except the father 
 which fent me, draw him. Song. i.4> Draw me, we will 
 run after thee. Luk. 22. $2, But I have frayed for thee that 
 thy faith fail not. 2. To all intents and purpoies, as well rela- 
 ting to your Covenant-ftate, as to your duties*,, not only for 
 your perlbns, to make your peace :, but alio for your perfor- 
 mances, to procure their acceptance, Rom. 1.2^ Being juftified 
 freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Jefus Chrift,. 
 Rev. 8. 3, And another Angel came and flood at the altar , 
 having a golden cenfor, and there was given unto him much 
 incenfe, that be jhould offer it with the prayers of all Saints 
 upon the golden altar which was before the throne. $. In all 
 things pertaining toGod, whatibever you have to do, if 
 it be a thing that relates to God, Heb. 2. 17, That he might 
 be a merciful and faithful High-pneft in things pertaining to 
 God y to make reconciliation for the fins of the people. If you 
 have any direction to receive from God, if you have any 
 blefling to receive, you need a Mediator to procure it to 
 you, and to receive it for you: If you have any fervice 
 to offer to God, any duty to perform, you need a Media- 
 tor both, to afford you ilrength to perform it, and to offer 
 
 it: 
 
1^0 Of the Necejfitj/ of a Mediator. Chap. VIII. 
 
 it to God for you: if you have any evil to deprecate,you need a 
 Mediator to avert it,whether it be for fins before,or after con- 
 verfion. «$. In all cafes, not only in thy deadnefs, and indilpo- 
 fitions for duties, but when thy heart is in beft frame, thy 
 tendernefs and good frame cannot mediate for thee, Dart. 
 9. 3, 17, And I fet my face unto the Lord God to feek^ by 
 -prayers and fupplications, with fafting, and fackjc loath, and 
 
 a flies, Now therefore, O our God, hear the grayer of thy 
 
 Jervant, and his fupplications, and caufe thy face toflrine upon 
 thy fan 51 nary that is de folate, for the Lords fake. Ha. 38. $, 
 
 14, And Hezekjah wept fore. Li\e a Crane or a Swallow 
 
 fo did I chatter, I did mourn as a Dove : mine eyes fail with 
 looking upward : Lord, 1 am opprejfed-, undertake for me. 
 Not only when thou art at diftance with God, and canfl 
 not find aecets, but when thou art neareft to him, and ad- 
 mitted to his prefence, to fpeak before his throne, then thou 
 needed a Mediator *, not only for eftablifhing thee in that 
 good condition, but for covering the evil of thy be-ft con- 
 dition, If a. 64. 6, Bat we are all as an unclean thing, and our 
 righteoufnejfes are as filthy rags. Chap. 6. v. 5, Then f aid /, 
 Wo is me, for I am undone, becaufe 1 am a man of unclean 
 lips j and 1 dwell in the widfl of a people of unclean lips *, 
 for mine eyes have feen the king, the Lord of Hofts. 
 
 Vfe 3. Study to carry as becometh thole who need a Me- 
 diator : and for this end take thefe directions : 1 . Take care 
 to beat down felf-confidence, and felf adorayon, even of every 
 thing in you that is not Chrift, his gifts, and graces, 
 and affiftances not excepted •, put not a created grace in Chrifts 
 room j be not lifted up with thefe, nor led away from the 
 Mediator by them, Phil. $. 3,4, For we are the circumcifion 
 which worflnp God in the fpirit, aud re Joyce in Chrift Jefus, 
 and have no confidence in the flejh : Though I might alfo have 
 confidence in the flefli : if any other man thinketh that he hath 
 whereof he might truft in the flejh, J more. 2. When duties 
 go well, and a good frame of fpirit is enjoyed, watch that 
 your hearts lay not the weight of your acceptation upon 
 thefe things, but that you keep them efpecially within fight 
 of Chrifts Mediation, as the ground of your confidence, 
 Phil. 3 . 7, But what things were gain to me, thofe I count- 
 ed loft for Chrift. 3. Let your employing of him be" as 
 
 large 
 
Chap. IX. Of the Perfon who is Mediator. 
 
 large as the extent of his mediation reaches to, and that 
 is to all things pertaining to God, Heb-2. 1 7. Shut him not out of 
 his office in any thing that is a matter betwixt God and you : 
 think not to put him to drudg at your burdens, and to 
 flight him in other things: he will not be fo dealt with. 
 4. Let us beware of tempting Chrift, of grieving the Media- 
 tor : if you carry about with you the frefh conviction of 
 your need of him, you will be very tender and wary of 
 tempting him, and finning againfthim, 1 Cor. 10.9, Neither 
 let us tempt Chrift as fome of them*alfo tempt ed, and were 
 deftroyed of Serpents. 
 
 \6l 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 Of the Perfon who is Mediator , and of 
 the great difcoveries of God which are 
 made to us in and through Cbrijl. 
 
 IN the next place I fhall fpeak fomething of the Media- 
 tors Perfon, or of the Perfon who is Mediator, and his 
 fitneis and qualification for this work. When the perfon 
 is known, his fitnefs for the Mediatorfhip will appear: for 
 it is namely in order to that end that we fpeak here of the 
 Perfon who is Mediator , that his compleat qualifications 
 for that Office, and the difcoveries which are made of God 
 to us through him, may be known. 
 
 And, 1. Before we fpeak of the Mediators Office, let 
 us confider the Perfon who is Mediator of the new Cove- 
 nant, Jefus Chriit, Heb. 12.24. Chap. 8. 6. iTim.2.<$ t 
 Chap. 3. 17. Jefus Chrift Mediator carries three Names, 
 which relate to three great difcoveries and manifeftaticns of 
 God that are made to us in him. 1. As he manifefts the will of 
 God, he is called the word of God, Rev. ip. i 6 . 2. As he 
 manifefts the nature and elTence of God, he is called the 
 brightnefs ofhisglory^ Heb. 1. 3. 3. As he manifefts the per- 
 fons of the Godhead, he is called the exprefs Image of his 
 
 Y Fcrfon, 
 
l6* Of the Perfontpho k Mediator. Chap. IX. 
 
 Terfort. I do not fay thefe names relate only to thefe difco- 
 veries, but mainly, 
 
 i. The Perfonwho is Mediator of the Covenant of grace, 
 is he whole name is called the word of God, Rev. 19. 13. 
 and that "both in relation to Creation and Redemption. 
 1. He is the word by whom all things were made, £pb. 3. 
 9, Who hath created all things by Jefus Chrifl. Heb. I. 2, 
 By whom alfo he made the worlds, Pfal. 3 ^. 6, By the word 
 of the Lord were the heavens made, and all the ho ft of them 
 by the breath of his mouth, 2. He is the word in relation 
 to the revealing all the will of God \ he is medium reve- 
 lationh, as Well as reconciliationls. There is a new difcovery 
 of God after the fall *, its a difcovery of him in Chrift : 
 and this is a myftery which the Angels dive into, with ftupen- 
 dious endeavours, 1 Pet. 1 . 1 2, Which things the angels deftre 
 to lool^. into. Chrifl is the word of God that reveals this 
 myftery, Mai. n.27, Neither knoweth any man the lather 
 fave the Son, and he to whomfoever the Son will reveal him. 
 Joh. 1. 18, No man hath feen God at any time : the only be- 
 gotten Son which is in the bofome of the Father, he hath de- 
 clared him. 3. He is the word of God in relation to the 
 fulfilling all the word of God, and accomplishing his will, 
 elpecially that which relateth to himfelf: this Name is given him 
 in the time of the feventh Trumpet, Rev.\i.i$, with 19.137 
 When all the promifes and threatnings are to be fulfilled, 
 then he fhall be acknowledged to be the word of God. The 
 ordering of all things according to the word of God, and 
 the accomplifhment of all his will fince the fall, is commit- 
 ted to the adminiftration of Chrift Mediator, Joh. 5. 22,2 $, 
 for the father yidgeth no man, but hath committed all judg- 
 ment to the Son, that all men fliould honour the Son, even as 
 they honour the Father. It was Chrift that brought the 
 flood upon the world : it was he that went down to Sodom, 
 and deftroyed it, 2 Pet. 2. 5,6, Jehovah did it, Gen. 7. and 
 21. The fame name is given to Chrift. It was Chrift the 
 Angel of the Covenant that appeared in the Bufh, and de- 
 livered his people out of Egypt, Exod. $. 2, And the angel 
 of the Lord appeared unto him in, a flame of fire out of the 
 mid ft of a bufi : and he looked, and behold, the bufi) burned 
 with fire, and the bufh was not con fumed : A&. 7. 30, An 
 
 Angel 
 
Chap. IX. OftheVerfon who is Mediator. 163 
 
 Angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bujh. . It was he 
 that brought all thefe Judgments on them in the Wilder- 
 ncfs, 1 Cor. 10. 9, Neither let as tempt Chrifl as fome of them 
 aljo tempted, and were defiroyed of Serpents. It was he that 
 brought them to Canaan, and out of Babylon, and built the 
 Temple, and filled it after their return, Jfa.61.9, By the 
 angel of his pre fence he faved them. Zech. 6. 12, Behold the 
 man whofe name is the Branch, and he fhall grow up out of 
 his place, and he Jhall build the temple of the Lord. Chap. 9. 
 V. 1 1, As for thee alfo, by the blood of thy Covenant, I have 
 fent forth thy prifoners out of the pit wherein is no water. 
 Hag. 2. 7, And 1 will fhake all nations, and the defire of all " 
 nations jhall come, and I will fill this houfe with glory, faith 
 the Lord of hofis. And this contributes to make Chrift a 
 fit Mediator, and to fupport the faith of Gods people, that 
 the making of all things, the revealing of the will of God, 
 and the fulfilling of it , even the whole government is upon 
 his fhoulders : which may allure our hearts that the work 
 which he undertaketh (hall be accomplifhed. 
 
 2. This is he who is called the brightnefs of his Fathers 
 glory y Heb. 1. $. As Chrift is *o>©-, lb he manifefts Gods 
 will : here he is *ir&vyetrn* y lb he manifefts the nature of 
 God. 
 
 And here let us, 1. See what the glory is: I take it to 
 be meant, not of the efjential glory which he had with the 
 Father from all Eternity *, but of the manifeflative Glory and 
 Majefty of the Lord which fhined forth in Chrift: for it is 
 of Chrift Mediator that the Apoftle is here fpeaking ; it is 
 the excellencies of God as they fhine forth in the Mediator, 
 which otherwife had been invifible, and could not have been 
 feen, difcovered, nor looked upon, 2 Cor. $. 18, Bit we all 
 with open face beholding as in a glafs the glory of the Lord. 
 Therefore the end of Chrifts being conftitute Mediator, is 
 for this manifeftative glory whereof we read, Joh. U.4 X 
 When Jefus heard that, he faid, 'This fick»ejs is not unto death, 
 but for the glory of God, that the Son of God wight be glori- 
 fied thereby. Chap. 5. v. 22,23, For the Father jadgeth no 
 man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son : That all 
 men fhsuld honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. 
 
 Z. The brightnefs, or fent-forth Light here ipoken of, is a 
 
 Y 2 fimilitude 
 
! £4. Of the Perfon of Jefus Chrift Chap. IX. 
 
 fimiiitude taken from the Sun *, wherein there is the body 
 of the Sun, there is the light of the Sun, and the fhining 
 fplendor or beams of the Sun : Interpreters think this to 
 be an expreftion of the eternal generation of the Son, pro- 
 ceeding from the Father, as light from the Sun. I take it rather 
 to be the manifeftation of the Father in Chrift the Media- 
 tor , who is otherwife invifible : as the Sun is manifefted 
 by its own light , i'o that if you would light all the Torches 
 in the world,you cannot fee the Sun by the light of thefe, with- 
 out its own light : No more can you fee God but in Chrift 
 Jefus, who is the brightnefs of his Glory, the light where-** 
 by his excellencies are manifefted, Joh. i.p, That was the 
 true light which light eth every man that cometh into the 
 world. Mat. 1 1. 27, Neither knoweth any man the Father^ 
 fave the Son y and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. 
 $. This is he who is called the exprefs Image of his Fa- 
 thers Terfon, Heb. 1. 3. %«tp**T«p, the imprinted form, this 
 fimilitude relates to the perfons of the Godhead, as the former 
 did to the Divine EfTence and Nature. It is borrowed from the 
 fignets impreflion, which reprefents all the lineaments of the 
 Seal, the Character is the perfect exprefTed Image. Mark, 
 Chrift is called the Image of Gods Per [on, not of his Effence\ 
 for he is the lame EfTence, not the fame Perfon. There is 
 in the God-head ejfentia & fubfiftentia *, the EfTence is but 
 one, but the Subfiftences or Perfons are different, as is ex- 
 prefTed in Scripture, 1 J oh. 5 . 7, For there are three that 
 bear record in heaven^ the Father ^ the Word> and the holy- 
 Ghofi : I take not this to be meant of Chrift, as God prin- 
 cipally : for lb he is the fame in Nature, Names and Attri- 
 butes *, rather than the Image of God : but I underftand it 
 of Chrift as Mediator, in whom there is a full and per- 
 fect refemblance of the Fathers Attributes and Excellencies. 
 And here for our knowledg of the perfon who is Media- 
 tor, I lay down two conclufions from that comprehenfive de- 
 fcription of him : 1. That Jefus Chrift hath in him a glorious 
 refeaablance, and a perfect Character of all the glorious Ex- 
 cellencies and Attributes of the Father, Col. 2. 9, For in him 
 dwelleth all the f nine fs of the Godhead bodily. 2 Cor. 3. 18, 
 But we all with open face beholding as in a glafs the glory of 
 the Lord, 2. That it is by Chrift Mediator, that all the 
 
 glorious 
 
Chap. IX. who if Mediator. 165 
 
 glorious excellencies of God are revealed unto us, 2 Cer.\. 
 6, For God who commanded light to frine out ofdarknefs, hath 
 finned in our hearts, to give th* light of the knowledg of the 
 glory of God in the face of Jefus Chrift. 
 
 Confider, 1. That Gods great end in all his goings 
 forth towards the Creature, in Predeftination, Creation, Pro- 
 vidence, &c. is his own glory, and the manifeftation of his 
 excellency, Prov. 16.4, The Lord hath made all things for him- 
 felf, yea, even the wicked for the day of evil. Rom. 11. 36, 
 for of him, and through him, and to him are all things, to 
 whom be glory for evor. Rev. 4.1aft, Thou art worthy, O 
 Lord, to receive glory, and honour, and power, for thou haft 
 created all things, and for thy pleafure they are and were 
 created. But more efpecially this is his end in Redempti- 
 on, Eph. 1. 6, To the praife of the glory of his grace, where- 
 in he hath made us accepted in the beloved. Joh. 17.4, I have 
 glorified thee on the earth, I have fnifred the work^ which thou 
 gaveft me to do, 2. That which is Gods end, is our happi- 
 nefs ; even to have God manifefted to us, to fee him, and 
 to have difcoveries made to us of his excellencies, Joh. 17. 
 I, And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the 
 vnly true God, and Jefus Chrift whom thou haft fent. Mat. 
 5.8, Bleffed are the pure in heart, for they frail fee God. 
 
 1 Joh. $. 2, But we know when he frail appear, we frail be 
 like him, for we frail fee him as he is. To fee him, and be 
 transformed by that fight, 2 Cor. $. 18, But we all with open- 
 face beholding as in a glafs the glory of the Lord, are changed 
 into the fame image, from glory to glory, even as by the fpi- 
 rit of the Lord. 3. The way of Gods attaining his end, and 
 
 'our attaining our happinefs (which are both one ), the way 
 (I fay ) is alfo one : it is in Chrift the Mediator that God 
 is manifefted, and in him do we fee God*, the knowiedg of 
 his glory and our happinefs are both in the face of Chrift, 
 
 2 Cor. 4. 6. All the excellencies of God are manifefted in 
 Chrift, he revealeth the myfteries, 1. Of his will as he is 
 the Word. 2. Of his nature as he is the brightnefs of his 
 Glory. 1* Of the fubfiftences and diftinclion of the per- 
 fons, as he is the Image of his Perfon •, he only knows the 
 Father, and he only can reveal the Father, Joh. 1. 18. Col. 
 
 1. 15, He is the image of the invifible God, i.e. The excel- 
 lencies 
 
What of God is mamfejl Chap. IX, 
 
 lencies of God (otherwife invifible) are revealed by him, 
 and to be feen in him. 
 
 Thefe three things of God are difcovered in Jefus Chrift. 
 I* The Attributes of God. 2. The diftincl: fubfiftences of 
 tneperfons of the God-head. 5. The diftincl: offices of the 
 three Perfons. 
 
 i. There is a full manifeftation of the Attributes of God 
 in Jefus Chrift the Mediator of the new Covenant j thefe 
 Attributes that were never manifefted before, Mercy and 
 Long-fuffering, are revealed in hina :, and thefe that were 
 manifefted before, fhine more brightly through Chrift. 
 i. The Wifdom of God : there was great and infinite wif- 
 dom fhewed in creating the world, and ruling it by his wife 
 providence*, but what is that to the wifdom that is fhewed 
 in Chrift ? the wifdom that reconciled Juftice and Mercy, 
 the wifdom that punifhed fin, and pardoned the finner? 
 how wonderful and unfearchable is that Wifdom , that by 
 the fall of man, railed him to a greater height of happinefs 
 than ever he had before? Rom. u. ;;, ;4> O the depth of 
 the riches j both of the wijdom and knowledg of God I how un- 
 fearchable are his judgments, and his ways paft finding out ! for 
 who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his 
 counfellor? Eph. $. 10, To the intent ; that now unto the prin- 
 cipalities and powers in heavenly places, might be made known 
 by the Church, the manifold wifdom of God : this is, w woau- 
 *ohiK@- o-o(piA y the manifold wifdom of God, which yet doth 
 not fully exprefs the GV^word, which fignifies the mani- 
 fold and various wifdom, or the wifdom of God that is full 
 of admirable varieties : fo Bez.a, Erafmus, Zanchius, Ste- 
 phanus. 
 
 2. The Goodnefs of God is manifefted in Jefus Chrift*, 
 his goodnefs and love to man appeared much at firft in mak- 
 ing him of the rank of the higheft creatures on earth, and 
 putting all the reft of the Creatures under his feet, Pfal.S. 
 "$-> 6> F° r t ^ m haft made him a little lower than the Angels, 
 and haft crowned him with glory and honour. Thou niadeft him 
 to have dominion over the works of thy hands : thou haft put 
 all things under h'is feet. This was penned to magnifie the 
 nature of man : but in Chrift our nature is more magnifi- 
 ed, as we fhall (hew byandby^ ffcb. 1. 6, And again, when 
 
 he 
 
Chap. I& in Jefus Chrift. 1 67 
 
 he bringeth in the firft begotten into the worlds he faith, And 
 let all the Angels of Godworjhip him. This is a higher pitch 
 of the love of God, this is the goodnefs of God more ma- 
 nifefted than ever before, to give his "Son Chrift for man, 
 and his Son to become fin, and a curfefor man, J oh, $. 16, 
 For God fo loved the world, that he gave his only begotten 
 Son , that whofoever believeth in him jhould not perijh , but 
 have everlafiing life. 2 Cor,. 5 • laft, For he hath made htm 
 to be fin for us that knew no fin, that we might be made 
 the righteoufnefs of God in him. Gal. $. 1$, Chrift hath 
 redeemed us from the curfe of the law , being made a 
 curfe for us. 
 
 I. The Mercy of God is eminently manifefted in Jefus 
 Chrift : man is made to rife by his fall : Mercy never law the 
 light before-, it was never revealed but in Jefus Chrift : for 
 it refpects the creature in its mifery, Luk^ 1.72, 78, To 
 perform the mercy promifed to our fathers, and to remember 
 
 his holy Covenant. Through the tender mercy of our God, 
 
 whereby the day-fpring from on high hath vifited us. When 
 all the pofterity of Adam were as fuel for the fire, mercy 
 refcues and referves fome to be ions and heirs, Rom. 9. 
 2 1 , And that he might] make known the riches of his glory 
 on the veffels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto 
 glory. 
 
 4. The Power of God is manifefted in Chrift : God fhew- 
 ed his power in the Creation, as we read, If a. 40. 12, Who 
 hath meafured the waters in the hollow of his hand , and me- 
 ted out heaven with the fpan, and comprehended the duft 
 of the earth in a meafure, and weighed the mountains in fcales, 
 and the hills in a balance, &c. Job 58, &c. But what is 
 this to the taking of our nature, and uniting it in a perfo- 
 nal union with the Son of God? that God fhould become 
 man :, the Ancient of Days become a Child : the Incomprehen- 
 fible to become comprehenfible ! Col. 2. 9, For in him dwelleth 
 all the fulnefs of the God-head bodily. The invifible God 
 to become vifible, and to dwell here as in a tabernacle with 
 men, Joh. 1. 14, And the word was made fie [h, and dwelt a- 
 mong us, and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only be- 
 gotten of the Father, full of grace and truth. 
 
 5. The Soveraignty of God is manifefted in and through 
 
 Chrift, 
 
What of God is manifefi Chap. IX. 
 
 Chrift:, great was the Soveraignty of God that was exer- 
 ciled in predeftination, in making of vefTels of honour or 
 difhonour, according to the pleafure of his will, Rom. 9. 
 21,22,23, Hath not the potter power over the clay of the 
 fame lumpy to makj one veffel unto honour , and another unto 
 dishonour ? What if God, willing to jhew his wrath, and to make 
 his power known, endured with much long-fuffering the vejfels 
 of wrath fitted to defirublion : And that he might make known 
 the riches of his glory on the vejfels of mercy which he had 
 before prepared unto glory I But all this was Soveraignty o- 
 ver the creature : but that Jefus Chrift the Son of God 
 fhould be appointed a Mediator of the new Covenant, made 
 a Servant, commanded to lay down his life, this is greater 
 Soveraignty, J oh. 6. 38, For I came down from heaven, not- 
 to do mine own will, hut the will of him that fent me. Chap. 
 icy. 18, This commandment have I received of my Fa- 
 ther. 
 
 6. The Juftice of God is manifefted in Chrift : Juftice was 
 f«en in cafting ofF the Angels that fell without hope : and 
 in executing the fentence and curie of the firft Covenant up- 
 on Adam, for his tranfgreffion thereof : but the world never 
 heard of fuch manifeftation of Juftice -as appears in the fatis- 
 faftion of Chrift to Juftice :, That Chrift the Son of God is 
 made fin for us, and being made fo in obedience to his Fa- 
 thers command , Juftice fpares him not, but he muft be fmit- 
 ten to death, that fatisfa&ion may be made for fin in our 
 nature, Rom.%. 32, He that f pared not his own Son, but de- 
 livered him up for us all. Ifa. 53. 8, For the tranfgreffions of 
 my people was he ftricken. 
 
 7. The Holineis of God is manifefted in Chrift : his Holi- 
 neis did appear in that holy Image which he put in Adam, 
 and the holy Law which he gave to him under a penalty : 
 but this holineis of the Image of God ftamped on the crea- 
 ture, was poflible to be left, for both men and Angels were 
 capable of fin, and did fall : but herein is a greater mani- 
 feftation of Gods holineis, that a Creature, Chrift-man, 
 Chrift Mediator, is made the Fountain of all Holineis, Holi- 
 neis cannot be loft in him •, yea, it is derived from him, 
 Job. 1/14,16, Full of grace and truth, and of his fulnef shave 
 ail we received, and grace for grace. Chap. 3. v. 34, For God 
 
 giveth 
 
Chap. IX. in JeftuChriji. 169. 
 
 giveth not the fpirit by meafure unto him. This is fpoken of 
 Chrift man, 01 Chrift Mediator ; for one of the perfons of 
 the Godhead cannot receive another. O what an imprefii- 
 on of Holinefs is this ! what a communication <;nd mani- 
 feftaftn of the Holinefs of God ! The fulnefs of the God- 
 head dwells bodily in the man Chrift, Col. 2. 9. Where there 
 is the higheft union, there is the greateft communion ', there 
 was never fuch another union as that perfonal union, and 
 therefore there could never be iuch a communication of 
 God. 
 
 8. The All-fufficiency of God appears more in Chrift than 
 ever before : the declarative glory thereof fhines in the re- 
 ftoring of loft man : for whofoever can reftore loft man, 
 can raiie him to a higher happinefs than he fell from *, he is 
 Allfufficient, and Almighty, and is thereby declared to be ib, 
 this did God in Chrift the Mediator/, this is a declaration 
 of Gods All-fufficiency, and of Chrifts, Gen. 17. 1, 1 am God 
 almighty. 2 Cor. 8. p, For ye know the grace of our Lordje- 
 fus Chrift , that though he was rich, yet for your fakes he be- 
 came poor, that ye through his poverty might be made rich. 
 Chap. 12. 9, And he faid unto me, My grAce is fuffcient for 
 thee, for my ftrength is made perfetl in weaknefs : moft gladly 
 therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power 
 of Chrift may reft upon me. 
 
 9. The Patience and Long-fuffering of God was never 
 heard of before, until it was manifefted in Chrift. God 
 executed his Juftice againft the fallen Angels, without ex- 
 ercifing any Patience and Long fuffering towards them, 
 2 Pet. 2.4, For if God f pared not the Angels which fell, bat 
 caft them down to hell. But in Jefiis Chrift there is a difco- 
 very of the Patience of God, and his bearing with finners, 
 I fa. 49. 8, There is a Covenant to eftablifl) the earth, that 
 Juftice do not ruine it. Jeius Chrift obtained pardon and 
 reprival for fooae finners, that they fhould be fpared, Fxod, 
 $4. 6, And the Lord pajfed by before him i and proclaimed, The 
 Lord, the Lord God^ merciful, and gracious, long-fuffering, 
 and abundant in 'goodnefs and truth. In him the Lord pro- 
 claims himfelf me rciful, andgracious, long-fuffering, ckc. 1 Tim, 
 I. 16, Howbeit, for this (faufe I obtained mercy, that in me 
 
 fir ft Jefus Chrift might fhew forth all long-fuffering, for & 
 
 Z pattern 
 
1 70 What of Cod is tnanrfeft Chap. IX 
 
 pattern to them which Jhould hereafter believe on him to life 
 everlafting. Yea, and by way of concomitancy, and for 
 the Ele&s lake, reprobates reap lb me benefit by the Patience 
 of God thus manifefted. He luffers the creatures t^ mock 
 him, and lay, Where is thepromife of his coming? 2p(r. 3.4. 
 Rom- 9. 22, Endured with much long- Offering the veffels of 
 Wrath fitted to deflrutlion. 
 
 10. The Faithfulnefs of God is manifefted in Chrift : he 
 was known to be true and faithful, in fulfilling the threat- 
 ning and certification of the tranfgreflion of the firft Cove- 
 nant, Gen. 2. 17, In the day thou eatefl thereof) thou Jhalt fire- 
 ly die. And in keeping the Covenant with all the creatures, 
 G>/z.8.22, While the earth remainethjeed-time, andharveft-time y 
 and cold, and he at) and fnmmer, and winter, and day and night 
 jhall not ceafe^ Jer. $$« 2 °> Thus faith the Lord, If ye can 
 breaks my Covenant of the day) and my Covenant* of the night y 
 and that there fiwuld not be day and night in their feafon^ &c. 
 But this was but a fmall declaration of his faithfulnefs, be- 
 ing compared with the manifeftation of his Faithfulnefs in 
 Chrift, which fhines fo brightly in keeping Covenant and 
 Promiies with him, and with his people Opoi his account, 
 notwithstanding all your unfaithful nds to him: hereby he 
 is proclaimed to be the Lord) abftndanl in truth. Exod. $4. 
 6. 2 Cor- I. 20, For all the promifes of God in him a e yea, 
 and in him are Amen. Pfal. 89. 34, J 5, My Covenant will I 
 not breaks nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. 
 Once have I [worn by my holinefS) that 1 will not lie unto Da- 
 vid) Mic. 7= 18,20, Who is a God lik? unto thec, t 
 
 doneth iniquity. Thon wilt perform the truth to J.:coh y and 
 
 the mercy to Abraham^ which thou haft fworn unto of' fathers 
 from the days of old. 
 
 11. The Majdty of the Lord, fomething whereof is ma- 
 nifefted in the Creation, Pfal. 19. 1, The heavens declar 
 glory of the Lord) aud the firmament fieweth forth ha handy-, 
 work^ But much more in reftoring man-, rf there be a Ma- 
 jefty in Angels, Heb. 1.7, And of his Angels he faith, who 
 maketh his Angels fpiritS) and his minivers a flame of fire, 
 And in godly men, which is but a little difcovered here, &c. 
 (hall be more fully afterward, iTheff. 1. 10, When he jh all 
 com to be glorified in his faint f, O what excellent Majefty 
 
 mull 
 
Chap. IX. in Jeftts Chrift. 1 7 i 
 
 rauft there be in Jefus Chrift? Heb. 1. 13, But to which bf 
 the Angels faid he at any time fit on my right handy until I 
 make thine enemies thy foot-ftool. And what fhall'he reveal- 
 ed in him, when he (haH come in glory? iTheJf.i.j, 
 When the Lord Jefus fhall be revealed from heaven, with hi* 
 mighty angels. Col. 3.4, When Chrift who is our life Jhall ap^ 
 pear, then flail ye alfo appear with him in glory. You fee 
 then- all the Attributes of God are made more bright, and 
 get a new luftre in Jefus Chrift the Mediator : he is the 
 brigktnefs of his Fathers glory ', and the exprefs Image of his 
 P erf on. 
 
 2. The diftintt Subfiftences of the Perfons of the God- 
 head and blefifed Trinity, are more brightly difcovered in Je- 
 fus Chrift, than ever before : God was but darkly feen be- 
 fore in the diftinc"t Subfiftences of the perfons of the Trini- 
 ty ; but in the Gofpel, through Jefus Chrift, there is a glo- 
 rious manifeftation thereof, 2 Cor. 4. 6, For God, who com- 
 manded the light to jhine out of darknefs, hath fhined in our 
 hearts, to give the light of the knowledg of the glory of God 
 in the face of Jefus Chrift . 
 
 1. The Eternal Son of God, the fecond Perfon, his taking 
 on our nature, doth clearly fhew that there are diftintt 
 Subfiftences or Perfons in the Godhead : There are two na- 
 tures in one Subfiftence or Perfon , which illuftrates the 
 three Subfiftencies in one nature, or three Perfons in the God- 
 head. 
 
 2. By Jefus Chrift, from his own mouth, and in his car- 
 rying as Mediator, there were many bright diicoveries of 
 this great myftery, as we may read, Mat. 3. 16, 17, And 
 Jefus y when he was baptised, went up ftraight-way out of the 
 waters: and lo, the heavens were of ened unto him, and he f aw 
 the fpirit of God defc 'ending like a dove, and lighting upon him. 
 Andlo, a voice from heaven, faying, This is my beloved S&n^in 
 whom I am well pleafed, C hup. 28. v. 28, Go ye therefore, and 
 teach all nations, baptising them in the Name of the Father, 
 and of the Son, and of the holy-Ghoft. Joh. 14. 16,26, And 
 I will pray the Father, and he Jhall give you another comfor- 
 ter, that he may abide with you for ever. But the comfor- 
 ter, which is the holy-Ghoft, whom the Father will fend in my 
 Name, &c. And many like teftimonies were from him, 
 manifefting this glorious myftery. Z 2 3. The 
 
1*2 What of Cod is tnaniftjl Chap. IX* 
 
 3. The dlftinfl Offices of the three Peribns, or their or- 
 dered adxniniftfation and working, and the various and di- 
 ftmcl acts .of the Trinity , in the work of redemption, are 
 brightly oiicovered in and by. J^iiis Chrift the Mediator, 
 2lim. i. q, id, Who hath faved us, and called us with an 
 inly callings not according to our worlds, but according to his own 
 purpofe and grace which was given us in Chrift Jefus, before 
 the world began', but is now made manifeft by the appearing 
 of our Saviour Jefus Chrift, who hath abolijhed death, and 
 hath brought life and immortality to light through the Gafpel. 
 But becauie thefe may be gathered from what hath been 
 ipoken of the Covenant of Surctifhip or Redemption, I 
 (hall only touch upon them in this place. And, i. The 
 Acts t)f the Father plotting and making the Covenant with 
 Chrift Mediator, i. He had a purpofe to raife man through 
 a Mediator, Fph. f. 5, Having predeft'tnated us unto the adop- 
 tion of children, by Jefus Chrift to himfelf, according to the 
 good pleafure of his will. 2. He chofe the Son for the do- 
 ing this work, and us in him, Eph. 1.4, According as he 
 hath chofen us in him before the foundation of the world. PfaL 
 89. 19, / have laid help upon one that is mighty. 3. He 
 makes a Covenant with the Son, PfaL 89. 1, I have made a 
 Covenant with my chofen : and promifes were given to Chrift, 
 and grace given to us in him, lefore the world began, Tit. 1.2. 
 2 Tim- 19. 4. God the Father appoints who (hall be faved y 
 and gives them to the Son, that all that were written in 
 Gods book may alio be written in the lambs boo'^ of life, 
 Joh. 17. 9. Them that thou haft given me y for they are thine, 
 Rev. 20. 12, 15. Chap. 21. v. 27. 5. He appoints what 
 meafure of grace and glory every one of them fhall have, 
 JEph. 4. 7, But unto every one of us is given grace, according 
 to the meafure of the gift of Chrift. Mat. 20. 2$, But to fit 
 on my right hand and on my left, is not mine to give, but it 
 fiall be given to them for whom it is prepared of my Father. 
 6. He commits all GoverniRent to the Son for the Eletts 
 lake , that he may do according to this appointment, Ifa.Q* 
 6, And the government fiall be upon his fioulder. Joh. 5.22, 
 For the Father ]udgeth no man, but hath committed all Judg- 
 ment to the Son. 
 
 2, The Afts of Jefus Chrift undertaking :- 1. He confents 
 
 to 
 
Chap. IX. in Jefns Chr/Jf. jjq 
 
 to the Covenant, Pfal. 40. 7, Then faid J, Lo, I come, in 
 the volume of the boo!^ it is written of me. 2. He engageth 
 himfelf to take the Creature into union with his Peiion, 
 ffeb. 10. 5, Wherefore when he tometh into the world, he faiths 
 Sacrifice and offering thou wouldfi not, but a body haft thou 
 prepared me. And to lay down his life according to his Fa- 
 thers command, Joh. ic. 18, This commandment have I re- 
 ceived of my Father. 3. He undertakes to receive, and keep, 
 and raiie up at the laft clay, all thole given him by the Fa- 
 ther, J oh. 6. 37, All that 'the Father give th me, fliall come to 
 me \ and him that cometh to me , / will in no wife 'cafl out. 
 Chap. 17. throughout. 4. He undertakes the Government, 
 of the world, and to Judg it at the laft day, Pfal. 2. 8, 
 Askjofme, and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance^ 
 and the uttermofl parts of the earth for thy poffeffion. Mat. 1 1. 
 2.7, All things are delivered unto me of my Father, Joh. 3.35, 
 The Father loveth the S<?#, and hath given all things into his> 
 hand. 
 
 3. The Ads of the Spirit: 1. He undertakes to unite 
 the humane nature to Chrift, by a miraculous conception, 
 Luk^ 1. 35, The holy Ghofl fiiall come upon thee, and the pow~ 
 er of the higheft foall overfradow thee, 2. To joyn us with 
 God in one fpirit, iCor.6. 17, Bat he that is \oyned to the 
 Lord, is one fpirit. 3. To be a Spirit of "Hnfiion, firft to 
 Chrift, and then to us through him, Joh. 3, 34, For God 
 glveth not the fpirit by meafure unto him. lfa.6i. I, 'The fpi- 
 rit of the Lord is upon me, becaufe he hath anointed me to 
 preach good tydings unto the meek^ 4, To ac*l all our grace?, 
 to blow upon them, and to help our infirmities, Song. 4. 
 laft, Awake, O norths-wind, and come thou fouth, blow upon my 
 garden, that the fpices thereof may flow out. Rom. 8. 26, Like- 
 wife the fpirit alfo helpeth our infirmities: for we know not 
 what we jhouid pray for as we ought, but the fpirit it felf 
 maketh interceffion for us, with groanings that cannot be utter- 
 ed. 5. To fried abroad the love of God in our hearts, torn: 
 5.5, Becaufe the love of God is flied abroa'd in cur hearts 
 by the, holy-Ghofl which is given unto us. 6. To fet a Seal 
 upon our hearts, and to bear witnefs of all the work of 
 God in us, Eph. 1. 1 3, In whom alfo after that ye believed, ye 
 were fe ale d with that holy fpirit of pro mi fe. Rom. 8. 16, The 
 
 fpirit 
 
174 Of Chrijls Calling Chap. IX. 
 
 fpirit it felf beareth witnefs with our fpirit, that we are the 
 children of God. 
 
 Now all thefe things are difcovered, and manifefted to us 
 in Jefus Chrift the Mediator of the nevr Covenant. 
 
 CHAP. X 
 
 Of Chrijls Calling to the Office of Mediator^ 
 flip. 
 
 THis being the Perfon who is Mediator of the new Co- 
 venant : We come in the next place to fpeak of the 
 Office. And, i. Of Chrifts Calling to it. 2. Of his qua- 
 lification for it. 3. Of his carriage in it. And firft we (hall 
 enquire after Chrifts Calling to the office of Mediatorfhip, 
 which we fhaH fhortly difpatch by anlwering of thefe three 
 Queftions. 
 
 Q^ 1. How came Chrift to undertake this work ? A. He 
 was called to it : he did not intrude himfelf in the Media- 
 tors Office, but was fent and employed in the work : thefe 
 things clear his calling to the work. 1. Several of his Names 
 import it, Mai. 3. 1, He is called the Angel or Meffen- 
 ger of the Covenant. Becauie of his million, and Gods fend- 
 ing of him to do this work, &c //a.42. 1. My feryant, 
 and mine elect. Becaufe of his being called, and employed 
 by his Father : he was called a Servant or choien Officer, 
 formed for a fpecial imployment, //i.49. 5, Thus faith the 
 Lord that formed me from the womb to be his jervant, to 
 bring Jacob again to him. Phil. 2. 7, And too\^ upon him the 
 form of a fervant. 2. He is about the work of Mediation 
 by Office, and not by medling without his ftation *, which 
 alio (heweth his calling to the Work, inafmuch as he was 
 about it by Office, as his duty, in his Calling, Heb. j. 1. 
 Confider the Apofrle and High-prieft of our profeffton Chrift 
 Jefus* Chap. 5. io, Called of God an High-prieft, after the 
 order of Melchifidec. And this is pointed at by all thefe 
 
 Scriptures 
 
Chap. IX. to the Office of Mediatcrfiip. \j^ 
 
 Scriptures which make mention of the things that Chrift 
 did as Mediator •, he did them ex officio, by vertue of fome 
 tye and obligation to do them, as duties of his Office : hence 
 we find the holy-Ghoft ufing the words, mt.fi, neceffity, 
 became him, behoved, &c. Heb. 2. io, 17, For it became him, 
 for whom are all things. Wherefore in all all things it behoved 
 him to be made like unto his brethren. Chap. 8.£>. 3, Wherefore 
 it is of neceffity that this man have fovzewhat alfo to offer. 
 Joh. 4. 4, And he mufi needs go through Samaria. 3. He is 
 in Office not by intrufion, but by annointing, which imports 
 lawful calling and miffion, Pfal. 2. 2, The Lord and his an- 
 minted. Joh. 1.41, Wehave found the Meffias, whido is, being 
 interpreted, the Chrift. So the Apoftle to the Hebrews fhews - 
 of all his three Offices. 4. The Scriptures plainly holds it 
 forth, and the more ftrongly, that it is held forth bath 
 Negatively and Affirmatively , denying any intrufion on 
 Chrifts part, and affirming a calling from God to him, Heb. 
 5.4, 5, And no man taketh this honour unto him f elf, but he 
 that is called of God, as was Aaron. So alfo Chrift glorified 
 not himfelf to be made an High-priefi : but he that faid to 
 him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. Gal. 4. 
 4, But when the fulnefs of the time was come, God fent forth 
 his Son,&c. J^. 6. 38, 39,40,44, Chrift doth frequently 
 make mention of the will of him that fent him. 
 
 Q^2. By whon was Chrift called unto the Office of Me- 
 diatorfhip? A. By Gcd his Father, not excluding the other 
 two peribns of the Trinity, though for orders lake it be at- 
 tributed to the Father, the fountain of divine operations, 
 Col. 1. 19, For it pleafed the Father that in him fiwuld all 
 fulnefs dwell. Joh. 6. 27, For him hath God the Father f sale d, 
 i.e. fet apart, defigned, and fitted for this Office: that he 
 was called unto this Office by God, the Scripture fpeaketh 
 plainly, Pfal. 89. 19, J have laid help upon one that is mighty , 
 I have exalted one chofen out of the people. Heb, 5 . 5,6^ lo. 
 So alfo Chrifi glorified not himfelf to be made an High-priefi, 
 but he that faid unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have 1 be- 
 gotten thee. As he faith alfo in another place , Thou art a* 
 PrUfi for ever after the Order of Melchifedec — called of God 
 an High pruft after the order of Melchifedec. And 3. 2, Who 
 was faithful to him that appointed him. And that he could 
 
iyg Of Chrijis Calling Chap. X. 
 
 be called by no other, may appear, i. From the Antiquity 
 of his calling to this Office, which was before all created 
 beings, Prov.8.23, / w-as fet up from everlafiing, from the 
 beginning, or ever the earth was. He was elected to this in 
 order, before we were elected to ialvation, Pfal.89. $, / 
 have made a covenant with my chofen. Eph. 1.4, Recording 
 as he hath chofcn pu in him, before the foundation of the world. 
 2. From the end of the Office of a Mediator, which was 
 Reconciliation : new who could find out a fit peribn, and 
 call him to undertake this work, but he that had found 
 out the way and means of Reconciliation •, which was God 
 only, for man did neither feek nor plot a peace with God, 
 Col. 1 . 20, It pleafed the Father by him to reconcile all things to 
 himfelf. Pfal. 89. 19, / have laid help upon one that is mighty* 
 5. From the nature of the Office of Mediatorfhip, which 
 is an Office of Inferiority, a fervice, Mat. 20. 28, Even as 
 the Son of man ca*ne not to be mini fired unto, but to minifler, 
 and to give his life a ranfome for many, Ifa. 42. 2. Chap. 5 3. 
 -U, 11. Now who could defign Chnft, call or ordain, and 
 command him unto an Office of Inferiority, (although by 
 voluntary difpenlation), but God only ? Joh. 10.18, For 
 this commandment have I received of my Father. 4. From 
 the Impoffibility under which the creature flood to find any 
 days-man, except God had found one, and called him to it •, 
 amongft all the Creatures there was none that durft un- 
 dertake this caufe, or could defign another to undertake 
 it/tnz* To interpofe betwixt the Creator and the Creature, 
 Job 9. 11 y 'Neither is there any days-man betwixt us, that 
 wight lay his hand upon us. i Sam. 2. 25, If one man fin a- 
 gain fv another, thejndg jhall )udg him: but ifa man fin againfi 
 the Lord, who fiall intreat for him f 
 
 Q^j. When was Chrift called to be Mediator of the 
 new Covenant ? A. For the clearing of this : Confider, that 
 Chriils calling to the Office of Mediatorfhip may import 
 S three things, his Designation, his Furniture, his Invefiiture in 
 the Office*, Now according as the queftion relateth to 
 thefe parts of his Calling , h it requireth different An- 
 fwers. 
 
 1. Chrifts Calling, or Defignation to the Office of Medi- 
 ator of the Covenant, is eternal \ he was chofen and de- 
 
 ftinated 
 
Chap. X. to the Office of Medi<ztorJhip> fjj 
 
 flinated hereunto before-time, even from all eternity, Prov. 
 8.23, Wifdom was let up by the Father from everlafting^ 
 defigned and appointed unto this high and honourable 
 Office and employment, to be Mediator of the new Cove- 
 nant ; yea, it muft be {o, i. Since Gods Covenant with 
 Chrift is eternal, and his chufing and defignation of Chrift 
 to be Mediator, is in order of nature, before his Covenant 
 with Chrift : for it prefuppofeth him to be Mediator, Vfal 
 89. $, / have made a Covenant with my chofen, 2. Becaufe 
 our election prefuppofeth Chrift full chofen before us as the 
 head of the Elect, Eph. 1.4. Therefore we are faid to be 
 chofen in Chrift , i. e. as members of the head, or through him 
 as Mediator, although Chrift be not the caufe of Election, 
 or of Gods Love. 
 
 2, Chrift's calling to be Mediator, in refpect of his Furni- 
 ture for executing -that Office whereunto he was defigned 
 before time ; and in refpect of his being inwfted in the Of- 
 fice, it is in time , to wit, when he was anointed , which 
 was at two times efpecially : 
 
 1. When he took our nature upon him. 
 
 2. When he was to appear in the publick execution of 
 his Offices * 7 whereof more particularly when I come to fpeak 
 of his Unction. 
 
 Vfe. If Chrift be called unto this Office of Mediator- 
 fhip by God his Father from all eternity:, Then 1. wonder 
 at the eternal love of God, and let your hearts be raifed 
 up to adore the unfearchable riches of grace and wifdom 
 manifefted in Gods early calling Chrift to an Office and Ser- 
 vice for our fake, and Chrifts voluntary iiibmiffion to it. He 
 knew well enough it would be too late to wait for our call: 
 He knew that we might dye in our fin, before we lent for 
 the Phyfician : he did well forefee our flownefs and back- 
 wardnefs to give him employment for making our peace-, and 
 therefore he prevented us, JohnS.iy. Heb. 10.9. 
 
 2. This may eftablifh our hearts in the faith of the weight 
 and prevalency of Chrifts Mediation *, he being no Ufurper, 
 but a called chofen perfon , let in lawful Authority, ail 
 whofe travels receive weight from his Place and Calling : 
 for becaufe he was fent, and had a commandment to travel 
 in the work of his peoples Redemption, therefore the work 
 
 A a that 
 
i;3 Of Chrijts Callings &c. Chap. X. 
 
 that was let him to do, muft profper , and his travels with 
 tr>th the parties muft prevail, Joh. 10. $6 , Say ye of him 
 vchom the Father hath fanflified and fent unto the world, Thou 
 bUfphemeft, becaufe J [aid J am the Son of God* Ila.53.iO, 
 1 1, By his knowUdg flail my righteous Servant jnftifie many, 
 for he flail bear their iniquities. He flail fee of the travel of 
 his foul, and flail be fatisfed. 
 
 2.. This fhould bear upon us a neceffity of receiving the 
 Mediator in his travels about Reconciliation. He is in his 
 Office, and called to travel with you about this work-, take 
 heed how you entertain and anfwer his propofitions of peace, 
 now he is making propofals of peace to you by virtue of 
 this Office which he bears, 2 Cor. 6. 2 , Behold, now is the 
 accented time : behold, now is the day of fahation. Ch. 5. v. 
 20, Now then we are ambaffadors for Chrift, as though God 
 did befecch you by us, we pray yon in Chrifis (lead be ye re- 
 conciled to God. Heb. 2. 1, $, Therefore we ought to give the 
 more came ft heed to the things that we have heard, left at any 
 time we flwuld let them flip — How flail we efcape if we neg- 
 lect fo great falvation ? Your flighting of the Gofpel, befide 
 the neglect of fo great falvation brought to you in the of- 
 fer, hath alfo in it great flighting of a chofen Officer , and 
 of a Perfon called and put in high authority by God , to 
 travel with you in the bufmefs of your peace, Heb. 12.25^ 
 See that ye refufe not him that fpeaketh -, for if they efcaped 
 not who refufed him that fpake on earth , much more flail not 
 Wt efcape, if we tarn away from him that fpeaketh from hea- 
 ven. 
 
 4. This fpeaks comfort to believers, Chrift is Mediator 
 betwixt God and you, by an eternal call from God his Fa- 
 ther '<, he needs not much entreaty to be about the Office 
 whereunto he is called of God (although it be no lefs your 
 duty to entreat his favour as the Difciples did , than if he 
 had no other calling to it, but your invitation ), Luke 24. 
 29 ■, But they conflrained him, faying, Abide with tts, for it is 
 towards evening, and the day is far fpent : and he jwent in to 
 tarry with them. If you fhould at any time apprehend that 
 he would refule your entreaties ( which you have no ground 
 to think), yet he will not, he cannot (hake off hh Father's 
 calling to mediate for you j he dealeth betwixt God and you 
 
Chap. XL Of the Incarnation of Chrijl. 1 79 
 
 by virtue of an Office , which having taken upon him by 
 voluntary fubmiffion, the duties of that Office lye upon him 
 through a biefTed neceffity, as is written of the High-Pneft 
 who was a type of him, That by reafon hereof, to wit, of 
 his Office, he ought to offer for fins, Heb. 5. $. And %.$,For 
 every High-friefl is ordained to offer gifts and facrifices where- 
 fore it is of neceffity that this man have fomewhat alfo to tffer. 
 Comfort your ielves, believers in Chrift, that befides all the 
 fupports of your faith, which you may have from his union 
 of nature with you, and his un&ion •, from his propriety in 
 you, and confanguinity with you *, from his gracious qualifi- 
 cations for that work :, you have this moreover, That he is 
 your Mediator by Calling, by Office, and can no more de- 
 cline any thing that may be lor your good, than he can be 
 unanfwerable to his Fathers Calling, or unfaithful in his Of- 
 fice, and in the performing the duties thereof, which is impof- 
 fible. 
 
 CHAP. XL 
 
 Of Chrifts taking onr nature upon hint, which 
 is his grand qualification for the Office of 
 Mediatorjhip. 
 
 CHrifts qualification and fitnefs for this Office of Media- 
 torfhip, may be confidered, 1. In his taking our nature 
 upon him, wherein confifts the grand qualification, and fun- 
 damental fitnefs of Chrift for being Mediator of the New Co- 
 venant. And 2. In other qualifications which refult from the 
 union of the two natures in him. Or we may confider Chrifts 
 qualifications for this Office in the union of thefe two natures 
 in him. 2. In his unction. 
 
 And 1. of Chrifts coming in the flefh, and taking our nature 
 
 japon him, which I call the chief and grand qualification of 
 
 him for Mediatorfhip. This is a fundamental truth, and yet 
 
 a great myftery. We think we know this fo well, that it 
 
 is below us to ftudy it, to preach it, and to hear of it* but 
 
 A a 2 you 
 
ig G Of the Mediators Chap. XL 
 
 you are not at the bottom of your unbelief and ignorance, 
 '$ you know not that this myftery is little known and be- 
 lieved, God manifefted in the flejh, feen of Angels, with ftudy 
 and delight, i Tim. 1. 16, with i Pet, i. 10, 1 1, 12. We 
 ihall confider, 1. The reality of his human nature, and the 
 affuming of it. 2. The tranfeendent love and condefcenti- 
 on (liewed by the Son of God in the taking our nature up- 
 on him. 3. The honour and exaltation of our nature*, yea, 
 and of us, by Jeius Chrift his taking it into a perfonal uni- 
 on with the Divine nature. ^. How or in what reipe&s 
 the taking of our nature upon him did qualifie him to be Me- 
 diator of the New Covenant. 5. Something for the clear- 
 ing of fome queftions relating to this Myftery. 
 
 And 1. He took our nature really upon him: Jefus Chrift 
 became truly man, as kindly a man as ever lived, vents fed 
 non menu homo, true man , but not meer man. That word 
 Rom. 8. 3, fimilirude of fiefi, is put for famenefs, asAuguftine 
 obferves, Non quia caro non erat caro, fed quia peccati caro 
 non erat. Chrifts manhood was a true nature, yet nofinful 
 nature, tyut had only the fimilitude or likenefs of fmful flejhy 
 becaufe he bare all our infirmities in which we lay through 
 fin : And it may appear thus : 1 . Jefus Chrift hath taken 
 mans nature upon him, Heb. 2. 16, For verily he took^noton 
 him the nature of angels, hut he took, np°n him the feed of A- 
 braham: WihctyLCavira.1 , he catched at it, teok^ hold of it', it 
 properly fignifies to catch one who is running away, or fal- 
 ling in a pit*, to fetch back or recover again : the lame word 
 that's ufed of Chrift's catching hold of Peter when he was 
 like to fink, Mat. 14. 31, it is anfwerable to the word uied 
 Gen. 19. id, of the Angels laying hold on Loth hand. So 
 did Chrift in taking our nature upon him. 2. He took all 
 the parts of a man, body and foul, Mat. 26. 38, Then faith 
 he nnto them, My foul is exceeding forrovvful unto death. Hcb- 
 10.5, A body haft thou prepared me. Luke 24. ig, Behold 
 my hands and my feet fthatit is I my felfj *, handle me and 
 fee *, for a fpirit hath not flejh and bones as ye fee me have. 
 3. He hath all the names of a man, Adam, Enofh, Jjh, X3e- 
 ber, whereof lee Zech. 6. 12, and 1 3. 7. Dan. 7. 13. 4. He 
 took upon him all the affections of a man, fear, and forrow, 
 and love, and anger r &c. Mat* 26. 38, My foul is exceed- 
 ing 
 
Chap. XI takjng on our nature. \ 8 1 
 
 ing forroxvful unto death. Heb. 5. 7, And was heard in that 
 he feared. Joh. 11. 3 $, 35, }6, //? groaned in the [fir it and 
 W/ts troubled.—— Jefus wept. Then /aid the Jews, Behold^ 
 how he loved him. Mat. 10. 14, Aud when J efts [aw it, he 
 was much difpleafed, Mat. 21. 12. 5. He took upon him 
 all the fialefc infirmities of a man, to hunger, thirft, be 
 weary, affli&ed, tempted, die,&c Heb. 2. 18, For in that 
 he himfelf hath fujfered, being tempted. Chap. 4.1^. 15, For 
 we have not an High-prieft which cannot be touched with the 
 feeling of our infirmities , but was in all points tempted like as 
 we are y yet without fin. Chap. 5. v. 2, For that he himftlf alfo 
 is compared with infirmity. Mat. 8. 17, Himfelf too^ our ini- 
 quities^ aud bare our fickneffes. Chap. 4. v. 2, And when he 
 had fafled forty days, and forty nights^ he was afterwards an 
 hungred. 
 
 2. Confider, in Chrifts taking our nature upon him, his 
 condefcending love : union betwixt God and man was the 
 great defign intended through the Mediator j this is brought 
 about by his condefcenfion, and our exaltation: where love 
 is, it will ftoop, and the greater condefcenfion, the grea- 
 ter love. 
 
 Thefe things hold forth infinite condefcending in Chrifts 
 taking our nature upon him. 1. Confider who condefcends 
 thus: The higher that the perfon be who condefcends, the* 
 more love is in his condefcenfion : if it be a great conde- 
 fcending for God to look down upon things here below, 
 Pfal. 1 T 3 . 46, The Lord is high above all nations, and his 
 glory above the heavens *, who humbleth himfelf to behold the 
 things in the heaven, and in the earth : What then mud it 
 be for the Son of God to take upon him the form of a 
 Creature/ P&/7. 2. 6, 7, Who being in the form of God, thought 
 it not robbery to be equal with God. But made himfelf of no 
 reputation, and tookjipon him the form of a fervant, and was made 
 in the likcpefs of man. That he that made the world fhould 
 be made of a woman ! That the immortal God fhould be- 
 come mortal flefli 1 it were a great condefcenfion, that the 
 ibul of a man fhould enter into a worm, or that all the An- 
 gels fhould become worms j yet that were nothing to Chrifts 
 ftooping to take our nature upon him. 2. Confider what 
 he- took upon- him, not our perfon, but our nature, Heb. 2. 
 
182 Of the Mediators Chap, XL 
 
 15, 16, The feed of Abraham, our flelh and blood, that is 
 our nature ; many can be content to take upon them the 
 peifons of men, to represent them, who yet would not be 
 willing to take their nature*, but Chrift took our nature, 
 3, Tne end wherefore he took our nature upon him, fhew- 
 eih yet more of his condescending. 1. It was that he 
 might iuffer, and that he might die for us in that nature, 
 Fhil.i.%, And being found infafhion as a mt.n, he humbled himfelf, 
 and became obedient unto the death, even the death of the crofs. 
 Non ad gloriam fd ad ignominiam, to be abafed in our nature. 
 2. it was for our good, not for any thing that it could 
 profit him, Gal. 4. 5. To redeem them that were under the 
 law, that we might receive the adoption of fons. 4. He took 
 our nature upon him, not for a day, or a fhort time, but 
 to continue ib : It may be a Prince at a Masque for a little 
 time might be moved to take the form of a fervant upon 
 hi iv, but to continue lb, he would not be moved : but here 
 is infinite condefcenfion, Chrift takes our nature upon him, 
 and keeps it (till, he will come again in our nature to 
 judg the world, Act. 1. 11, This fame Jefus which is ta- 
 ken up from you into heaven, JhaH come in like manner as ye 
 have feen him go into heaven. Chap. 17. v. $ 1, Becaufc he hath 
 appointed a day in the which he will judg the world in righte- 
 oufnefs, by that man whom he hath ordained. Though he doth 
 nothing now in Heaven, but a&s of Majefty, beinga/V*>y? 
 fet upon the right hand of the throne of Majefty, Heb. 8. 1. 
 Yet he will do thole ac"ls in our nature ; yea, when he (hall 
 deliver up the kingdom, See Chap. 6. the Kingdom which 
 he hath received as Mediator , he will not lay down 
 our nature, 1 Cor. 15. 24. 5. Confider the time when he 
 took our nature upon him *, not when our nature was a vir- 
 gin, but when it was defiled *, not mans nature in innocen- 
 cy, but in his finful, corrupted, condemned, accurfed e- 
 (tate, Rom. 8. $, In the Ukenefs of finful fiefh. Chap. 5.1/. 10, 
 When we were enemies, and when all the Creatures did hate 
 us •, when we were not worth the following, then he did 
 . thus condefcend to love us, and follow us. 6. Confider 
 the manner of his taking our nature upon him. 1. He doth 
 not perlbnate our nature, but is made flejlj, Job. 1. 14. 
 2. He does it voluntarily and chearfully, and with earned 
 
 defire. 
 
Chap. XI. t*ki*l on our nature. 1 83 
 
 defire, when we were not following him, but fleeing away 
 from him, he himfelf rofe out of his place and followed 
 after us, and caught our nature, as the words frgnifies, Heb. 
 2. 7, And too!^ upon him the form of a fervant. Pfal. 40. 7, 
 Then faid he, Lo, I come. $. He takes our nature upon 
 him, with all the infirmities of it, Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore iri 
 all things it behoved him to be made Wze unto his brethren. 
 Chap. 4. v. 1 5, For we have not an High-prieft which cannot 
 be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all 
 points tempted^ like as we are, yet without fin. He would con- 
 defcend fo far, that in all things he would be like us ( (in 
 only excepted)*, and ev.n in that, though he took not the 
 corruption of fin , yet he took upon him the guilt of 
 our fm, ( 2 Cor. 5. laft, For he hath made him to be fin for us, 
 who knew no fin. He was legally the finner, though not 
 intrinfecally ), and the punifhment thereof, Gal. $. 1 $, Chrift 
 hath redeemed us from the curfe of the law being made a curfe 
 for us. He was content to be numbred with the tranfgreffors, 
 Ifa. 55. 12. He was content to be punifhed for our fins, 
 even by God his Father. And, which is yet wonderful, that 
 he might come as near to us as poflible, he was content 
 to condefcend to be tempted to the thing wherewith it was 
 impoflible that he could be tainted, Mat. 4. 2. To be tempt- 
 ed of the Devil to fill, and yet the Prince of the world had 
 nought in him, Joh. 1 4- 20. 7. Confider the comparifon in- 
 ftituted by the Holy-Ghoft, which doth yet further and 
 more fignificantly exprefs this condefcending love, Heb. 2. 
 16. It was a favour which he denied to the Angels, Iffa* 
 not at all, or not in any wife •, he neither looked after nor . 
 fent, nor went after the Angels •, he neither followed them 
 nor took hold of their nature, nor fuffered them to take 
 hold of hrm *, though thefe glorious fpirits were incompa- 
 rably far above us, that Chrift would manifeft himielf, not 
 in the moft glorious Creatures, but in our fkfh, was Arrange 
 condefcenfion ! 
 
 $. In Chrifts taking our nature, we are to confides the 
 honour and exaltation of our nature, and of us in that uni- 
 on. And, 1. That it may appear what honour is conferred 
 upon our nature by Chrift ailuming it into the peribnal 
 union with the Godhead, 
 
 Confider^ 
 
! g + Of the Mediators Chap. XL 
 
 Confider, i. The nearer that any Creature is to God, 
 the greater honour is put upon it. It is the honour of peo- 
 ple that are under ordinances, that they have Gcd near to 
 them, Dent. 4. 7, For what nation is there fo great, who hath 
 Gcd jo nigh unto them, as the Lord our God is in all thing's, 
 float we call upon hi<n for '( It is a more eipecial honour of 
 thole that have efnees in the houie of God, Heb. 5.4, And 
 no man taketh this honour unto himfelf. Now there is a 
 threefold union-, 1. Moral, fo were men and Angels uni- 
 ted before the fall. 2. Afyftkal, fo are Believers united a- 
 mongfl: themfelves, and with Chrift. 3. Hypoftatical, fo is 
 our nature united with the divine nature in the Perfon of 
 Chriit:, there is a perlbnal union of our nature with God *, 
 this is the neareft union, and therefore the higheft honour 
 and exaltation, Heb. 1 . 4, Being made fo much better than 
 the Angels, as he hath by inheritance obtained a more excel- 
 lent name then they. 
 
 2. Confider the Sonfhip that Chrift hath as Mediator, 
 whereby our nature is alio highly exalted ; the Son of God 
 and our nature have but one Sonfhip ; for filiatio eft perfonx, 
 Heb. 1. 5, For unto which of the Angels, [aid he at any time, 
 Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. And a- 
 gam, I will be to him a Father? and he jhall be to me a 
 Son. 
 
 3. Confider the glorious communion that our nature hath 
 by this union with the Son of God, 'tis a high and great 
 communion, that Angels and the fpirits of juit men are made 
 perfect, have with God*, but the communion that our na- 
 ture hath with Chrift, is far higher, Joh. 3.13, And no man 
 hath afcended up to heaven, but he that came down from hea- 
 ven, even the Son of man which is in heaven. Even the man 
 Chrift is Gods fellow, Zech. 1 ;, 7, This is high communion 
 indeed, whereby all the will of God is known to him, and 
 fo to our nature, Col. 1. 19, For it plea fed the Father that in 
 him fhould all fulnefs dwell. 
 
 4. What honour is it, that our nature fhould be the 
 Treafury and Store- houfe of all the good which God intends 
 to difpenfe to men and Angels? Col. 2. 9, For in 
 him dwelleth all the fulnefs of the Godhead bodily. Divines 
 call the humane nature Canalk gratis, Eph. 1.22, And hath 
 
 fUt 
 
Chap. XL taking- on our nature. I g 5 
 
 put all' things under his feet , and gave him to be the head over 
 all things to the Church. 
 
 5. What honour is it that all the Creatures fliould wor- 
 ship God in our nature ? Heb. 1, 6, And again, when he 
 bringeth in the firfl begotten into the worlds he faith, And 
 le*all the Angels of God worjhlp him, Phil. 2 .9, 10,11, Wherefore 
 God alfo hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which 
 is above every name } that at the name of Jefus every knee 
 jhould bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and 
 things under the earth. And that every tongue fliould confefs 
 that Jefus Chrift is Lord. Willingly or unwillingly, by 
 confent or by conftraint, all (hall bow to the Lord Me- 
 diator, to God in our nature, even to the Son of man. 
 
 6, What honour is it to our nature, that God in the 
 humane nature fhould dilpofe of the eternal eftates of men 
 and Angels ? for God (hall even ]udg the world by the man 
 Chrift, Act. 17. 5 h Joh. 5. 27, And hath given him autho- 
 rity to execute judgment alfo , becaufe he is the Son of 
 man. 
 
 Yea, by Chrifts taking our nature upon him, not only 
 our nature, but we our felves are honoured. 1. We have 
 a nearer union with Chrift than man in his innocency had 
 with God •, a nearer union than the Angels have *, for be- 
 lievers make up one body with Chrift: he is the head, and 
 they are the members, Col. 1. 18, And he is the head of the 
 body the Church. Eph. 1.22,25, ^ n ^ g ave him to )be the 
 head over all things to the Church , which is his body. Heb. 
 2. 1 1, For both he that fanBifieth, and they who are fanttifi- 
 ed, are all one, for which caufe he is not afliamed to call them 
 brethren. 2. We are not beholden to one of another na- 
 ture, not to the Angels, nor any other Creature ; you 
 are independent of them all *, you * have Salvation by one 
 of ybur own nature, Heb. 2. 16, 17, For verily he took, not 
 on him the nature of Angels, but he took^ on him the feed of 
 Abraham. Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made 
 like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful 
 High-priefl in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliati- 
 on for the fins of the people. 
 
 4. Let us confider how Chrifts taking our nature upon 
 him, or taking it into the union of his Perfon, is the great 
 
 B b qualification 
 
1 86 Why the Mediator Chap. XI. 
 
 qualification of him for the Office of Mediatorfhip. Our 
 Mediator behoved to be God manifefted in the flefh: to 
 make way for clearing this, 1 (hall premife, 1. That the An- 
 gels Covenant ( it any Covenant was made with the Angels, 
 as fome think ) it was not made with the whole Angelical 
 nature, it was perfonal, fome of them fell, and ibme of them 
 ftood, and all fell not in them that fell. Mans firft Cove- 
 nant was with his Nature, and in Adam all fell. 2. When 
 Man and Angels fell, God intended to raife the one, and 
 not to raife, but to deftroy the other. \. God will notre- 
 ftore man without a fit fatisfaction to his Juftice. 4. There 
 is an eternal impotency in man to give to God a fitting fa- 
 tisfa&ion \ the command of the Law man cannot obey, the 
 curfe cf the Law he cannot bear to his own advantage, fo 
 as to make way thereby to his own reftitution. Here is 
 obedience required that cannot be performed by man *, and 
 a guiltind's contracted that cannot be taken away by man : 
 Therefore a Mediator muft be had,, and he muft. be God and 
 man in one per ion. 
 
 1. He muft be God: for man could not make fatisfa&i- 
 on to God for fin : It was the union of the Divine nature 
 with the human, that made all Chrifts fufferings meritorious, 
 that made his fhoulder fit for the burden and weight of the 
 work of fatisfying Divine Juftice, Pial. 89 10, / have laid 
 help upon one that is mighty, I fay therefore, that it was- ab- 
 folutely neceffary our Mediator muft be God, 1. Becauie 
 thefe evils which he was to expiate , could never be taken 
 away by any perfon that was not God *, fin done againft an 
 Infinite Majefty, muft have an equal fat is faction. 2. Becaufe 
 the things with which he was to wreftle, and the Enemies 
 which he was to fubdue, could not be wreftled with , nor 
 fiibdued by any perfon who was not God. Could a rr.eer 
 man wreftle with the infinite wrath of God? fubdue Satan 
 and Death ? No, the only human nature of Chrift, which 
 in it felt is finite and mortal, could not bear up with that, 
 except the perfon had been God. $. Becaufe the good 
 things which he was to piu chafe, could never have been pur- 
 chafed by any perfon who was not God, a happinefs far ar 
 bove Adam's, eteraal righteoufnefs, the image of God, and 
 communion with him in glory ; only the infinite worth of 
 
 Chrift 
 
Chap. XI. muft be both God a»d Man. \ 8/ 
 
 Chrift the Son of God, could compafs that. 
 
 2. He muft not be God only : for a Mediator is not a 
 Mediator of one, but he muft be God manifefted in the ftefh. 
 He muft be man, i. Becaufe his name is to be put in our 
 Bond : he is to ftand in our ftead, and to put his Soul in 
 our ibuls room*, therefore he muft be fomething ell'e than 
 God : for God will have fatisfa&ion to Juftice, of man *, the 
 foal that fmneth jhall die. 2. Our Mediator muft be a Me- 
 diator of fatisfaciion : A Mediator of interceflion may exalt 
 grace and mercy by entreaties, but cannot fatisfie Juftice : this 
 will not do the turn *, the Debt muft be payed,the principal 
 Debt j to obey the command, he muft be fubjecl to the Law, 
 and the forfeiture muft be fatisfied, he muft bear the curfe and 
 die-, for without blood there is no remiffion: he muft then be 
 a man, and muft have a body and ibul : the nature of Angels will 
 notfuffice, Heb. 10.5,9, A body haft thou prepared me. Then 
 /aid he, Lo,lcometo do thy will, O God. j. He muft be one 
 with us*, elfe what he doth cannot be imputed to us*, as there 
 muft be an imputation of our fin to him,fo of his righteoufnefs to 
 us: now imputation imports an union*, for union is the 
 ground of imputation*, and it muft be an union in nature 
 and Covenant*, the Angels fin was not imputed to man, but 
 Adams was, with whom we were one in nature and Cove- 
 nant. 4- Our Mediator muft receive the Spirit, without 
 which we cannot be fan&ified, J oh. 17. 19, And for their 
 fakes 1 fanclipe my felf, that they alfo might be fanftified 
 through the truth. Chap. 5.1/. $5, The Father loveth the Son, 
 and hath given all things into his hand. Now the Father 
 cannot receive the graces of the Spirit, neither the Son as 
 God:for unto that which is infinite,nothing can be added*,there- 
 fore our Mediator muft have mans nature, which is capa- 
 ble of receiving that which our Mediator muft have. 5. Our 
 Mediator muft convey to us the Adoption of fons, and there- 
 fore muft receive it himfe! f, and fo become a man, that he may 
 receive it, Gal. 4. 4, 5, 6, But when the fulnefs of the time was 
 come, God fent forth his Son made* of a woman, made under 
 the Law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we 
 might receive the adoption of fons. And becaufe ye are fons y 
 God hath fent forth the fpirit of his Son into your hearts, 
 cryinr, Abba Father. Chrift is the natural Son of God, 
 
 r Bb 2 L*k, 
 
! 89 7he Mediator God Chap. XI. 
 
 Luk^ I . 1 5, That holy thing which Jhall be born of thee Jhall be 
 called the Son of God. He is alio as man, a Son, as is evi- 
 dent from the original Greeks where the article is not pre- 
 fixed, tivfQ-h 7* et«, Mat. 4. 5, And when the tempter came 
 to him, he faid, If thou be the Son of God ( GV. if thou be 
 a Son of God ). Becaufe Chrift owns us as brethren, there- 
 fore God is not afhamed to own us as Sons, Heb. 2. 11, 
 for both he that fantlifieth, and they who are fanthfied, are 
 all of one, for which caufe he is not afhamed to call them bre- 
 thren. He muft be of our kindred ; for if Chrift had not 
 been cur born brother , we could not have been Gods 
 Children. 6. Our Mediator muft be fuch a Peribn from 
 whom we may receive the inheritance } he muft therefore be 
 man y for it is from Chrift-man, as he, is an heir appointed, 
 Heb. 1.2, that we receive the inheritance*, for the natu- 
 ral inheritance of Chrift cannot be communicated, Gal. 4. 
 5 j 7, To redeem them that were under the law, that we might 
 receive the adoption of Sons. Wherefore thou art no more a 
 fervant, but a fon\ and if a f on, then an heir of God through 
 Chrift. Rom. 8.17, And if children, then heirs : heirs of God, 
 and joint -heirs with Chrift. Heb. o- 15, And for this caufe 
 he is the Mediator of the new Teftament, that by means of 
 death, for the redemption of the tranfgreffions that were under 
 the fir ft Covenant, they which are called might receive the pro~ 
 mtfe of eternal inheritance. 
 
 3. Our Mediator muft be God and man in one Perfon, 
 Immanuel, Ifa. 7. 14. 0f<68p<w-T©-, both God and man, (fome- 
 times denominated from one nature, fometimes from another). 
 1. That the great defign and end of the Mediators Office, 
 might firft be accomplished and made manifeft in the Medi- 
 ators own perfon: union betwixt God and man, was the 
 defign of a Mediator, and this was done, 1. In Chrifts 
 Perfon : for in him the houfes of Heaven and Earth are 
 allied. 2. That he might be a perfon duly qualified for 
 his Office ; he muft be a Perfon equally diftant from, and 
 equally drawing near unto both the parties j this could not 
 be a Perfon who was either God alone, or man alone 7 
 but God-man is a Perfon at fome diftance, and in fome near- 
 nefs with both the parties, having intereft in both, and par- 
 ticipating of the natures of both : he is a fit days-man to 
 
 lay 
 
Chap. XII. and Man in one Perfon. 189 
 
 lay his hands m both, Job 9. 11> 3* That he might have 
 accefs to both parts of his work as Mediator : he had two 
 great tranfaclions to go about, 1 . He was to deal with God 
 for man. 2. He was to deal for God with man : unto thele 
 he could not have acceis without partaking of both the 
 natures. 1. That he may deal effectually with God for man, 
 he muft be God : for who can have acceis to deal with God, 
 but a Perfon who is God, to deal with an angry God ? 
 1 Sam. 1. 25. 2. That he may deal with man from God, 
 and for God, he muft be man*, for man oannot endure the 
 voice and preience of God immediately ♦, man unreconciled, 
 man without a Mediator cannot fpeak with God, Exod. 20. 
 ip, And they [aid unto Mofes, Speak^ thou with ///, and we 
 will hear : bat let not God ffeak^ with us, left we die % Heb. 
 12.20,21, For they could not endure that which was com- 
 manded. And fo terrible was the fight, that Mofes faid> 1 
 exceedingly fear and quake. But of this more, when I 
 {hall Come to fpeak of the Requifites of a Mediator. 
 
 CHAP. XIL 
 
 Several Quejiions refolved, concerning Chrifis 
 taking our nature upon him. 
 
 WE come to clear fome doubts and Queftions about 
 this myftery , of Chrifts taking our nature upon 
 him. 
 
 Que ft.. 1. ( If we may foberly make it a Queftion with- Sce Kogt pra ^ # 
 out curiofity, and enquire a little after . fo much of the catech. p. 2. 
 Reafons of it, as God hath been pleafed to reveal). Why p. 26. 
 did not God the Father, or the Holy Ghoft, take on mahs B r /# h tr i at J fe 
 nature to be our Mediator, but the Son, The fecond Perfon ? ^mt^g. ^66. 
 . Anfw. It might fuffice for an anfwer, That fo it 
 pleafed God in the deep and unfearchable counfel of 
 the Will of ail the three Perions, to order it, Tfal. 89. 
 
 19,20, 
 
I oo . Why tnnfl the Son take on our nature^ Chap. XIL 
 
 1 9 , 2o, Then thou /pake ft in vifion to thy holy One^ and faidft, I 
 have laid help upon one that is mighty. I have exalted one cht- 
 fenont of the people. I have found David my fervanty with my 
 holy oyl I have anointed him. And although 1 know not another 
 iktisfying-reafon that can be given, or that (hould becurioufly 
 enquired after : yet I (hall foberly propofe a few confederations, 
 which may help us to adore the unfearchable depth of the coun- 
 sel of Gods Will, in this part of the myftery of Chrift. 
 
 I. Confider, That the world was made by the word Chrift, 
 Heb. I. 2. Joh. i. ;., All things were made by him y and with- 
 out him was not any thing made that was not made. Aa who 
 was fo fit to reftore aii things, and to amend the world, 
 to create the new World, as he that created ali things ? 
 he by whom the world was made, Aft. 3.21? The Re- 
 demption that came by Chrift, and is to be perfected at 
 the day of his coming again, is called by the Apoftle the 
 rcftitution of all things. 2. Jefus Chrift the Son of God, 
 the fecond Perion of the Trinity, is appointed Mediator, and 
 takes our nature upon him , that the order of the three 
 per ions of the Godhead, and their working, might in this 
 be manifefted unto us : The Father is the fir ft Perfon and 
 Fountain of divine operation, he works by the Son, and the 
 Father and the Son work by the Holy Ghoft. Our Media- 
 tor mud be a perlbn who muft give fatisfa&ion to the Fa- 
 ther for us* and who muft be able to fend the Spirit for 
 our falsification, and therefore muft be the Son and fecond 
 Perfon. 3. Confider the things which we loft in Adam: 
 we loft the Image of God, our Sonfhip and Inheritance : 
 and who lb fit to reftore the Image of God , as he who 
 is the Image of the invifible God y the exprefs image of his 
 perfon t Col. 1. 15. Heb. 1. $. Who fo dt to reftore us to 
 a Sonfhip, as the only begotten Son ? Joh. 1. 18. Mat. j.laft 
 Who fo fit to reftore man to the inheritance, as the heir 
 of all things, and firft-born of every creature? Heb. 1.2. 
 Col. 1. 15. 4. Confider the Offices which our Mediator 
 behoved to carry : he muft be a King, a Prieft, and a Pro- 
 phet*, and who fo fit to be our King, as the Power and 
 Wifdom of God ? 1 Cor. 1.24, $0, Chrift the power of God, 
 and the wifdom of God. Who of God it made unto us wif- 
 dom. Col. 2. 3, In whom are hid all the treafures of wifdom 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XII. and beeomt Mediator, t^t 
 
 and knowledge Who fo fit to be our Prieft, as he who licth 
 io the bofome of the Father ? who can have fuch accefs to 
 treat for us with God, and fuch favour with him , as he 
 that lieth in the center and feat of love, the beloved that 
 iieth in the fathers bofome 1 Mat. $. 17, This is my beloved, 
 Son, in whom I am well f leafed, Joh. 1. 18. Who fo fit to 
 be a Prophet to us, as he who is the word of God, who 
 only knoweth and revealeth all his Will ? Rev. 19. 13. Joh.l. 8. 
 Mat. 1 1 . 27. 5. Confider that reaibn given by B. Andrews : 
 Becaufe Adams fin was moft directly againft the fecond Per- 
 fon, Gen. 3. 5, 22. Man will be*/ God, and have the know- 
 Iedg and wiiclom of God, which is Chrifts prerogative, CoL 
 2. 3. And who fo fit to pack up that injury, as the fecond 
 perfon ? flejh would have been as the Word, and the Wifdom 
 and Word of God becomes flejh, to raife up ruined man in 
 a quite contrary way to his own finful defign : a marve- 
 lous, humble condefcenfion, to expiate fo proud a plot ! 
 
 Qutft. 2. Why muft the Son of God be not only a man, 
 but the Son of man, of the feed of the woman, of the fame 
 lump with us? Might not the taking of a created nature 
 have fitted him to be our Mediator? Gal. 4-4> He might 
 have been man, and yet had a body framed for him in hea- 
 ven, and not made of a woman ? 
 
 A/if.Ht muft be of the fame lump with us r 1. The more 
 to fet forth his condefcenfion, and our exaltation : in this his 
 condefcenfion was greater, in taking a nature of the fame lump 
 with us, than if he had taken our nature created, as Adams 
 was *, and the exaltation of our nature was the greater, that 
 Chrifts flefti was not only of the fame kind, but of the fame 
 lump with ours. 2. That we might have the more comfort 
 in his fatisfaction : for if he had taken a created nature,that 
 could have reached to a perfonal fatisfa&ion only •, but he 
 takes our nature, and the flefh of our nature, that he might 
 fatisfie for the fin of our nature , and make a publick fatis- 
 faftion for the fins of many. The Covenant with Adam be- 
 ing with his nature, not perfonal ', and his fin alfo being of 
 the fame kind, the fatisfaction muft be in the lame nature, 
 and by one of the fame lump, and not with a perfon having 
 that kind of nature, but not the fame nature, Heb. 2.14,9, 
 Forafmmh then as., the children are partakers of flefh and bloody 
 
 he 
 
102 lv h the Mediator rttnjl Chap. XII 
 
 be alfo hmfelf likjwife took^partof the fane, that through death 
 he might deftroy him that had the power of death , that is the 
 
 devil that be by the grace of God fiwuld tafl death for every 
 
 man. 3. That nfc-mjght be a fit Mediator, one between 
 two, he behoved to draw as near to us in refpeft of his 
 human nature, as to God in refpeft of the Divine nature \ 
 he muft be a man, and a man of the fame lump that his bre- 
 thren are of*, a Prieft ordained for men^ and taken from among 
 men y Heb. 5. 1. 4- That the alliance with us might be the 
 ftraiter, and his right of Redemption the ftronger : for our 
 Mediator behaved not only to be a Redeemer, but a G^/, 
 one to whom belonged the right of Redemption. Now this 
 could not be, except he were our own kinfman, our brother 
 of the 'fame lump and flock, Dent. 25. 5, 6,&c Chriftcame 
 to raife up feed to his dead kinfman, old Adaw y who dyed 
 without iffue of grace (for ought that his feed had from him) 
 therefore he behoved to be our brother and kinfman *, and 
 by this means Chri(t (1.) as the kinfman, not only may do 
 it, but he takes it on him as his duty, v. 7, to perform the 
 duty of a hvubands brother : if the kinfman had refufed, he is 
 put to open fhame, by taking off his fhooe -, which Chrifr. 
 will not let be done to him. 2. By this means the Inhe- 
 ritance ( even the better Inheritance than that of Adams ) 
 is fetled upon our Family, Jer.32. 8, For the right of ..Inhe- 
 ritance is thine, and the Redemption is thine. 5. That he might 
 fan&ifie our nature in the root, and repair it in the very 
 foundation where Adam defiled it, when he and we have it of 
 the fame lump : Now you know it is the firft fruits that 
 fantlifieth the lump, Rom. 11. 16: for except he had been 
 the firft fruits of the fame lump that we are of, the lump 
 could not have been fan&ified by him, Heb. 2. 1 1, For both 
 he that favllifieth, and they who are fantlified, are all of one. 
 Col. 1. 1 5, The firft-borri of every creature. But in as much 
 as he is the firft fruits of the fame lump with us, he faufti- 
 fieth our nature in the root, our conception, birth, nurfmg, 
 education, life, &c. 
 
 Que ft. 3. Why did not the Son of God take upon him 
 Adam's nature in Innocency, when it was a virgiw *, but he 
 took our nature upon him when it was at the worft, when 
 it was corrupted and accurfed ? 
 
 Anft. i t 
 
Chap. XII. be the Son of Man. 105 
 
 Anf. 1. It was not Adam's nature in innocency that need- 
 ed a Mediator, but finful nature; therefore he will take up- 
 on him that nature that needed help, and will ianclifie it by 
 his taking of it upon him, Rom. 8. $, God [ending his own 
 Son in the likenefs of finful fiejh, and for fin condemned fin in 
 the flefh. 
 
 2. He did this to magnifie his love (as I have before 
 (hewed ) ; there w r as the more wonderful love in it. There 
 was, 1. Diftinguifhing love in it, that put difference be- 
 twixt us and the Angels, Heb.2. 16, For verily he toob^not 
 on hi<n the nature of Angels, but he took^ on him the feed of 
 Abraham. 2. There was condefcending love in it, that lov- 
 ed us at our worft, Rom. 5. 8, But God comwendeth his love 
 towards us, in that while we were yet finners Chrifi died for its. 
 Ezck. 16. 8, Now when I paffed by thee, and looked upon thee, 
 behold j thy time was the time of love, and Ifpread my skirt a- 
 ver thee, and covered thy nakednefs ; yea, I fware unto thee, 
 and entered into a Covenant with thee, faith the Lord God, 
 and thou becamefl mine. 
 
 $. He did* this, that he might be glorified in the 
 greater definition and confufion of mans enemy , the 
 Devil. 
 
 Confider , 1. The weaker that the enemy be, the 
 greater is the confufion of them that fall by him : how- 
 great is Satans confufion , that by his power is able to de- 
 ftroy a world of men in a night , if he were permitted, 
 when the man Chrift in our nature, and having taken our 
 nature upon him at the worft, is the defhuttion* of the De- 
 vil forever ? 'Heb.2. 14, Forafmuch then as the children are 
 partakers of ' flejh and blood, he alfo himfelf like wife took^part 
 of the fame, that through death he might deftroy him that had 
 the power of death, that is the Devil. When by a babe and 
 fuckling the enemy and avenger it filled, Pl'al. 8.2. 
 
 2. For one to perifh. in his own plot, is a great confufion : 
 when the Devil fell from Heaven, and could not reach An- 
 gels to tempt them, he becomes mans enemy, and Chrift 
 deftroys him in mans nature, in the fimilitude of finful fiefli : 
 he is twice defeated in his own plot, in our nature, 1. The 
 Devil tempts man to fin, and this proves his greatefi: confu- 
 fion, for out of mans fall came the bruifing of his head : 
 
 C c and 
 
1 94, Why the Mediator Chap, XII. 
 
 and it is obfervable, that in Satans fentence is put the firffc* 
 promite of Chrift to man, Gen. 5.15, ^w<2? / will put enmi- 
 ty between thee and the woman, and between thy feed and her 
 feed \ it ftiall bruife thy head, and thou flialt briufe his heel, 
 Rom. 8. $. 2. When Chrift is manifefted in the fkft, the 
 Devil tempts men to kill him, and in this plot he is defeated 
 again, Htb. 2. 14, That he might defiroy him that had th? 
 pover of death , that is the Devil. When he hath made 
 innocent man become finh.il flefh, he is deftroyed in thejSW- 
 lituds of fwful fleflj by the man Chrift, who took cur nature 
 upon him when it was at the worft. 
 
 3. It is a great confufion for one to have his enemy to 
 become his Judg, and to pronounce the fentence againft him, as 
 his Judg : and hereby is Chrift yet more glorified in the deftru- 
 £Hcn of mans enemy, theD:vil ; that the man Chrift Jeiiis in 
 the fimilitude of our flefh, which he took upon him when it 
 was at the worft , hath judged the Devil, and fhaH judg men 
 and Angels, J oh, 16. 11, Of judgment, bee aufe the prince of this 
 world is judged. Arf. 17. 5 1, Bee aufe he hath appointed a day 
 in the which he will judg the world in right eoufnefs by that man 
 whom he hath ordained, whereof he hath given affurance unto 
 all men, in that he hath raijed him from the dead. 
 
 4. Our Mediator behoved to partake of all our infirmi* 
 tie?., Ifa. 53. ^ A man of forrows : who is to leave us an ex- 
 ample of iufferings, and therefore behoved to take our na- 
 ture upon him when it was at the worft, Heb. 12.2, He 
 endured the crofs, defpifvng the Jkawe. 1 Pet. 2. 2D, 2 1, Bat if 
 when ye do well, axd.fujfer for it, ye take it patiently , this 
 is acceptable before God. For even hertunto were ye called, 
 becaufe Chrift alfo fuffered for us, leaving us an example, that 
 W€ fjould follow his fieps. He is a Mediator that is to be 
 made perfeEb through Offerings, Heb. 5. 8, 9. Chap. 2. 
 v. 10. Which agrees not with mans nature in inno- 
 cency. 
 
 Que ft. 4. Why muft our Mediator be born of the feed 
 of Abraham, and when ? was there any matter what prero- 
 gatives he had ? might he not have been of any other ftock, 
 tince he is to be the redeemer of man, both Jews and Gen- 
 tiles, Heb. 2. 16? 
 Anfw. That he might be known to be the promifed Meffias, 
 
 of 
 
Chap. XII. mttjh be the Son of Mm. 1^5 
 
 of whom all the Prophets had (pokes, all which agree that 
 he fhould be a Jew by Nation, of Abrahams feed, and Da- 
 vids fon, Diut 18. 15, The Lord thy God will raife up unto 
 thee a Prophet from the mid ft of 'thee , of thy brethren, like unto me, 
 unto him ye ftiatt hearken. Gen. 22. 18, And in -thy feed fnafl 
 all the nations of the earth be blefied. Pikl. 132. 11, The Lord 
 hath fworn in truth unto David, he will not turn from it, Of 
 the fruit of thy body will I fet upon thy throne. 2. Becauie 
 God had then no other people in the world at that time, 
 but Abraham feed * 9 and he would honour his own people, 
 by taking his humane nature of their family. 3. thrift 
 was to be fubjeel: to the Law, even the ceremonial Law, 
 which was among the Jews only ^ and here for explicating 
 this Branch of the Anfwer more fully ,. we fhall take it in 
 a diftincl: Qiieflion. 
 
 Qticft. 5- Why mud our Mediator be made under the 
 law? Gal. 4. 4. Or fubject to the Law both Moral and 
 Ceremonial ? 
 
 Anfw- That the Law might reach him as the finner le- 
 gally, as one that was made fin for us : for if he had not 
 been made under the Law, he had been without the com- 
 pais of it, it could not have reached him, nor taken hold 
 of him, as one who took our Law-place upon him, and io 
 we fhould not have been the better of ttm ', the taking on 
 of our nature, could not have profited us, except he had alio 
 taken on our condition, as we were finful men, liable to the 
 ientence of the Law, for the tranfgrefiion thereof, which is 
 -exprefTed Gal. 4. 5, by our being under the Law? that was 
 our condition *, and that he might take it on him, he is 
 made under the Law- 
 
 More particularly, 1. He was made under the Moral Law, 
 under the whole Law. -1. Under the Directive part of it, 
 which he fulfilled and eftablifhed ^ he fatixied tin- part of 
 the Law, without breaking io much as one jot or titd'e of it *, 
 and eftabliined it to be a rule to all hiy, tha; by the. obe- 
 dience thereof they fhould teftifie their iove ro nirr.. Cor, 
 5. 14, 15, For the love of Chrifi conftraineth us, h . wt 
 thus^ ytdg, that if one died for all, then were all dead : an& 
 that he died for aU,. that they which lime, fhould not hence* 
 firth live unto themfelves, hut unto him which died for them, 
 
 C C 2 
 
X gg Why the Mediator Chap. XIL 
 
 and rofe again. 2. He was made under the Forfeiture and 
 penalty of the Law *, which he fulfilled and abolifhed * 7 to 
 wit, the Forfeiture which we had incurred, and by For- 
 feiture had brought our felves under the penalty of death 
 therein contained, Col. 2. 14, Blotting out the hand-writing 
 of ordinances that was again]} us, which was contrary to us, 
 and toolkit out of the way, nailing it to his crofs. And this 
 he fatisfied by his obedience, even to the fufrering of death 
 noftra vice, in our (bad or room \ and (0 he fatisfied the 
 Law fully, and cancelled the fentence thereof. 
 
 2. He was made under the Ceremonial Law-, Luk. 2. 2i 5 
 22,23,24, And when eight days were accomplice d, for the 
 purification of the child, his name was called Jefus,&c. Ce- 
 remonies fall under a threefold consideration : 1. As they 
 are Ordinances, and lb he was made under them to fan&ifie 
 them ', for Chrift needed not circumcifion nor baptifm, but 
 by him they are fancied. 2. As they are types, and fo 
 the whole Ceremonial Law was fulfilled in Chrift, C0L2, 
 1 7, Which are a Jhadow of things to come, but the body is 
 Chrift. $. As they are burdens, and fo they are removed 
 by Chrift, Ac!. 15. 10, Now therefore, why tempt ye God to 
 put a yoke upon the neck, of the difciples which neither our fa- 
 thers nor we were able to bear. 
 
 He was then made under the Ceremonial Law, to fulfil 
 and abolifh it: fW if Chrift had not come and been under 
 it, we had ftill remained under the burden of it : but by 
 his being a Jew, made under the Law, we enjoy thefe privi- 
 ledges of freedom from that yoke which believers enjoy under 
 the new Teftament. 
 
 Queft. 6. Why was the Son of God born of a Virgin, 
 and not of a married woman ? 
 
 Anfw. That he wight anfwer the type given of him by 
 the Holy-Ghoft, in Melchifedecs Priefthood, Heb.7. 3, 15, 
 Without father, without mother, without defcent, having neither 
 beginning of days, nor end of life, but made like unto the Son 
 
 •/ God, abide th a Trie ft Cdntinually And it is yet far more 
 
 evident, for that after the fimilitude of Melchifedec, there a- 
 rifeth another Trie ft. 2. To anfwer the predi&ions of his 
 miraculous conception : Chrifts being manifefted in the flefh 
 was miraculous, andftretoldtp be fo} and that it might be 
 
 the 
 
Chap. XII. iv u born of a Virgin. 197 
 
 the better known to be fo, God will have his Son come 
 into the world in a miraculous manner, Dan. 2.^* >F Graf- 
 much as then f awe ft that the fl one Was cut out of the moun- 
 tain withe ut hands, &c. As alio he went out of the world 
 in like manner, Aft.'i. 11, This J ame Jefus which is take?? 
 up from you into heaven, jhall come in like manner as ye have 
 feen him go Into heaven. Therefore alio the Ar gel's, came 
 clown at his birth, to waken up men unto the obfervation 
 of that miracle, Lnk.2. 1 ;, 14, jfhd fuddenly there was with 
 the Angels a multitude of the heavenly hofl praifng God, and s 
 faying, Glory to God in the highefl, and on earth peace, good 
 will towards men. It is a fign above nature, Ifa. 7. 14, There- 
 fore the Lord himfelf flail give you a fign, Behold, A virgin 
 fall conceive and bear a Son, and fall call his name Imwanuel. 
 A matter that reafon comprehendeth not , faith only deal- 
 eth in it. 3. Becaufe Original fin ( at leaft the flain and 
 filth thereof) cometh to us by propagation-, therefore he muft 
 not come into the world in the ordinary way, being that 
 he mufl be fep hirated from finners, and be that holy thing upon 
 wftch the corruption of our nature cannot fall, Heb. 7. 26. Luk^ 
 1. 1 5. Being alio conceived of the Holy-Ghoft,to fanftifie the 
 ^cc\ of the woman, Luk^. 1. 35, And the Angel an fw ere d, and, 
 [aid unto her, The Holy-Ghofl flail come upon thee } and the power 
 of the highefl flail over- fladow thee, therefore alfo that Holy thing 
 which fall be born of thee flail be called the Son of God. 
 
 Quefl. 7. Why is Ghrift made man in the fulnefs of time, 
 and not fooncr nor later ? 
 
 Anfw. It may fatisfie and content us, that it is written, - 
 GaL^, 2, that was the time appointed of the Father. It liked 
 him to appoint that time*, yet for further fatisfa&ion (if 
 further be necefTary or attainable ), 
 
 Confider, 1. God will have the world to know their 
 own condition, to try their own wifdom, and he will give 
 them time to do fo , if the world can do any thing for them- 
 felves to deliver the creature from vanity and bondage, unto 
 which it was made fubjeel: by reafon of corruption j and 
 when the world in- fo long time might fee that they could 
 do nothing for their own happinefs and Redemption , then 
 God will fend his Son, and let out his wifdom in Chrifl, 
 that had been hid from the world ever fince the fall, when 
 
 tfe 
 
£.e§ Of the Vvicn of the two KJtures. Chap. XII. 
 
 the Law of God written in mans heart was corrupted, and 
 ail things out of order } fo that by the light of nature, and 
 rules of virtue, no man cculd find out the way to happi- 
 nefs, nor ciicover any thing of Chrift, i Cor. 1.20,21, Where 
 is the \vi r e ? where is the fcribe ? where is the cli p liter of this 
 world? hath not God made fooUjh the wisdom of this world? 
 Tor after that in the wifdom of God, the world by wifdom 
 kjiew not Ged -, it pleafed+God by the focUfrnefs of preaching 
 to fave them that believe. • 
 
 2. God will have his people to wait long, and to be much 
 exercifed, before he let out great mercies , and fulfil great 
 prcmifes to them. And fo it is in this : If in the fulfilling 
 of the promiie of bringing Abraham's feed to Canaan 9 he 
 would be ib long waited on : If in the deftruction of An- 
 , tichrifl he will be ib many years waited on, before he ful- 
 fil his promife *, What w T onder that he will be waited en for 
 the promiie of Chrift longer , even till the fdnefs of time, 
 this being the greater!: promiie that ever he made to his 
 people ? He will have the confolation of Jfrael waited forbid 
 redemption in Jernfalem looked for, Luke 2. 25, $8. 
 
 Before we proceed to {peak of Chrifts unclion, and his 
 qualifications for his Mediatorfhip refulting thence *, let us 
 fhft make lbme ufe of this union of the two natures in 
 Chrift, this great fundamental qualification of him for the 
 Office of our Mediator, that he is God and Man ^ that 
 for his due qualification he hath taken our flefh into his 
 perfbn, therein to fubfift. 
 
 In the union of the two natures in the Perfon of our 
 Mediator, 1. As it holds forth his condefcending, who 
 ifcooped to be made manifeft in the flefh, 1. Let us admire 
 and wonder at his love : It was love that made him con- 
 defcend y it hath been and will be the admiration of An- 
 gels, Luke 2. 13, 14, And fuddenly there was with the An- 
 gel a multitude of the heavenly heft , praifmg God, , and fay- 
 ing. Glory to Gcd in the highefl , and on ca.rth peace , good 
 will towards wen. 1 pet. I. 12, Which things the Angels dc- 
 fire- to hvk^ir^. And how is it that we want affections and 
 admirations? Beilde what I huve before fkid., thefe things 
 wonderfully frt out Chrifts love, 1. That he would net en- 
 trull our Redemption to Angels, but he would come him- 
 
 felf, 
 
Chap. X II. Of the Vtiion of the two Nature t. f<^ 
 
 felf, and work it, Heh. 1.5, For unto which of the angels 
 [aid he at any time. Thou art my Son, to day have \ begotten 
 thee'< 2. That for the payment of our debt, and h order 
 to his being in a capacity to do fo, he would be in the fame 
 condition of clay with us, a worm and not a^man, Pial.22.6. 
 3. That h? would -not buy us at a bale ranfom, but at a 
 great price, he would breathe out his life for us, 1 Pet. 1. 
 18, i() } Forafmuch as ye kvoiv that ye were not redeemedwith 
 corruptible things, but with the precious blood of Chrifi. 4. That 
 he would concieicend thus fngularly to love man, to love 
 him fo, as that he loved not any other creature that finned 
 againft him. Heb. 2. 16, For verily he took^not on him the na- 
 ture of angels, bnt he totk^on him the feed of Abraham. 
 
 2. Let this raife up our hearts to thankful nefs, whence 
 think of Chrifts Incarnation, 1. This is the greateft de- 
 monstration of his readineis to lave fmners : the principal^ 
 errand Chrift had unto the world, and in taking oiar nature, 
 Was to fave fnnerSjAf^.9.1 ^,1 am not come to call the righteous^ . 
 but finn rs to repentance. You may therefore be allured of 
 his readiaefs to receive fuch when they come unto him. 
 2. This is the Fountain of all the promrfesofthe Covenant of 
 Grace : the three greateft promifes in all the Covenant flow 
 from Chrifts Incarnation. I will be your God: I will give' 
 you my Son : and, I will give you my Spirit. AH thefe, and all; 
 the reft too, flow from this Fountain *, for neither the Fa- 
 ther, the Son, nor the Spirit are given to us, but through- 
 a Mediator, and through* his aflTuming of our nature, Eph. 
 
 1. I, Bleffed be the God and Father of our Jefus Chrift^ who* 
 hath bleffed us with all f pi ritual bleffwgs in heavenly places m 
 Chrift. 
 
 2. As the union of the two natures in our Mediator,* 
 holds out the exaltation of our nature •, Hence, 1. Let us 
 wonder what in man thus to be exalted : the eighth Pfalm 
 is written for this end, that we may wonder at mans ex- 
 altation, not in Creation only, but in Redemption* as Virf.- 
 
 2, (hew?, which is applied to' Chrift, Mat. 21.16, Out of 
 the mouth of babes and fnclztings, thou haft perfected praife ? 
 how fhould this provoke to admiration , that in our 
 nature the fulnefs of the Godhead fhouM dwell bodily, Coh 
 2, 9, 2. Let us take Chrifts coming in the flefh, and the 
 
 • exalting^ 
 
200 Of the Vnion of the two Natures* Chap. XII. 
 
 exalting of our nature, by the perfonal union with the God- 
 head, for .a pledg of the fulfilling of all other promifes,and 
 granting all other mercies and talvation to us ', the root and 
 body of the promifes is come, the branches will follow al- 
 io, 2 Cor. I. 20, For all the promifes of God, in him are yea, 
 and in him are Amen. Rom. 8.^2, He that fpared not his 
 own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how Jliall he nn 
 with him alfo freely give us all things ? This pledg was ufed 
 by Jfaiah, as a confirmation from God, and a ground of af- 
 furance for delivering the Church from A)mr, Ifa.j.n 3 
 I-V, Ask^thee a fin of the Lord thy God, ashpit either in the 
 
 depth, or in the height above, Therefore the Lord him [elf 
 
 fljall give you a fign, Behold, A virgin JJ) all conceive, and bare 
 a Son, and JJ; all call his ntlne JmmamteL And (hall we di- 
 ftrult him for granting any other petition, or deliverance, 
 who hath granted the main one? $. Let us take boldnefs 
 to come to God through Chrifts fleffi: the great Cour- 
 tier in Heaven is of our kindred *, take courage, and improve 
 the favour and friendfhip that our brother hath in Heaven, 
 Heb. io 4 19,20,21,22, Having therefore, brethren, boldnefs to 
 enter into the holiefl *by the blood of Jefus, by a new and 
 living way which he bath confecrated for us, through the vail, 
 that is to fay, his fleflu And having an High-prieft over the 
 houfe of God, let us draw near -with a true heart, in full 
 ajfurance of faith. 
 
 3. As the union of the two natures in our Mediator 
 holds out his due qualification and fitnefs for his office : 
 1. Behold in him a general fitnels to receive each Perfon, 
 whefe nature he beareth. I fay, a fitnefs to receive them, 
 even all forts of perfons without exception y there is none 
 who n?eds him and cometh to him, needs to diftrufl him, 
 Heb. 7. 25, Wherefore, he is able alfo to fave them to the m- 
 termoft that come unto Gcd by him, feeing he ever liveth to 
 make interceffion for them. 2. Let this encourage fiich as are 
 afraid to draw near to God for union and reconciliation 
 with him, becaufe of their eftranger.ent from him, through 
 lofs of -his Image : Lo, he is willing to unite himielf to thee, 
 and hath given aflurance of it in his Son, by vertue of his 
 union with our nature, Rom.S. 3. 3. When we find diffi- 
 culty to draw near to God, or languifhing in the life of 
 
 our 
 
Chap. XIII.. Of the Mediators Vntfion, Sec. 20 r 
 
 our faith toward God: Let us draw aear to God, the flefh 
 of our our Mediator, for influences, and learn to come to 
 God through the vail of his flefh, Hcb. 10. 20. Jefus Chrift 
 is not ftrange, he is near to us, and his graces cannot be 
 far off, Rom. 10. 6, 8, Say not in thine heart , Who ftjall af- 
 cend into heaven . ? The word is nigh thee, even in thy month y 
 and in thy hearty that is the word of faith which we f reach. 
 But it is with many, and even with the mod part, as with 
 the ten Tribes, who pleaded kindred and blood to David, 
 yet there were but two tribes that clave to him •, and being 
 nearer in kindred, would not be beaten from him, 1 Kings 
 12. 16, 17. Some talk luftily, and bear themfelves boldly upon 
 Chrift in words \ others are near of kin to him, and will 
 not be beaten from him. 
 
 CHAP. XIII. 
 
 Of the Mediators 'VnHivn , as it rclatetb 
 to the feparating of him for his Offi- 
 ces. 
 
 TH E fecond part of Chrifts qualification for the Office 
 of Mediatorfhip, is his Vnclion *, this was coniequent 
 unto his perfonal union } ib that as we called the union of 
 the two natures in Chrift Perfon, the principal and chief 
 qualification of him for this Office \ fo we are to look upon 
 his Unction, as carrying in it divers qualifications which re- 
 fult from the former. 
 
 The Unction of Chrift comprehends two things \ 1. The 
 feparating of him unto thefe excellent Offices of being 
 Prophet, Prieft, and King of his Church. 2. The endow- 
 ing him with the Spirit above meafure, with gifts and gra- 
 ces of the Spirit, and afliftances meet to enable him for the 
 Work. 
 
 The firft part of Chrifts Unction, is that whereby he is 
 
 D d anointed 
 
202 Of the Mediators Vnttion Chap. XI Hi 
 
 anointed to thefe Offices : Chrift Mediator is anointed to. 
 be Prophet, Prieft, and King of his Church. Concerning, 
 which we fnall fpeak : i. Of the anointing. 2. Of the 
 Offices. A-id fitft by this Unction, as it relateth to his 
 Offices ( for of his lliclion, as it comprehends his Furniture,,, 
 we are not now fpeaking, but (hall in the next place), we may 
 ur.derftand according to the various life of anointing among 
 men: and the Seizure purport of the Word. 1. HisD.- 
 fignation for thefe Offices in the Counfel of God, ifa. 42. 
 1 , Beheld, my fervant whom 1 uphold, mine elcft in whom my 
 \oul delight eth. So the word is u fed, 1 Sam. 16.13, °f Da- 
 vids firft Defignation to iucced in the Kingdom to Saul, long 
 before he came to the Government. 2. The declaration/ of 
 his being defigned unto thefe Offices, Pfal. 2. j, I will de- 
 clare the decree, the Lord luth [aid unto me, Ihou art my 
 Son, this day hAve J begotten thee. So anointing is taken in 
 the cafe of Gods declaring Jehu fucceflor in the Kingdom, 
 1 Kings 19. 16, With. 2 Kings 9. 1. $. The feparating of 
 him, or fetting him apart for thefe Offices, Pfal. 89. 20, / 
 have found David my fervant, with my holy oyl have I anoint- 
 cd him. So the word is ufed, 1 Chron. 29. 22. 1 Sam. 15.. 
 17, with Pfal. 1C5. 1 5. 4. Thepublickfolemn inverting him 
 in thefe Offices, with power and authority to exercife them, 
 jdt?. 10. 38, How God anointed Jefus of Nazareth with the 
 I/oly-Ghoft and with power, who went about doing good, and 
 healing all that were oppreffed of the Devil, for God was with 
 him. Luk. 1. ll, And the Lord God Jhxll give unto him the 
 throne of his father David. And its from his anointing that 
 Chrift hath his name, J oh. 1.4.1, We have found the Meffi- 
 ns, which is, being interpreted, the Chrift, Luk. p. 20. The Chrifi 
 *f God. 
 
 2. Concerning thefe three Offices of Chrift, we fhaU 
 briefly touch upon, 1. The neceffity of them in. our 
 Mediators Perfon. 2. The nature and ufe of them, g. The 
 harmony and confent of thefe Offices in Chrifts perfon, and 
 in his execution of them. 
 
 And, 1. The neceffity of thefe Offices in our Mediator, 
 appeareth, 1. From the evils under which we were lying •, 
 man being under, 1. Ignorance of God. 2. Alienation 
 from God, Eph.q. 18, Having the wider ft anding darken?d y 
 
 being 
 
Chap. XIII. for his Offices. 203 
 
 ■ faivg alienated from the life of God, through the ignorance 
 ■that is in them, becaafe of the blindnefs of their hearts. 
 $. Impotency to come unto him, 70/7.6.44, No man can 
 come to mc, except the Father which fent me, draw him, Ne- 
 ceflary it was that our Mediator be a peribn that carrieth 
 Offices, which may reach thefe evils. His prophecy and 
 teaching meets with our ignorance of God, for he is a 
 teacher come from God, Joh. $.7. A Prophet by whom all 
 his people are taught of God, Jer. 51-53. Ha. 54* * J- His 
 .Prielthocd and Sacrifice meets with our alienation and 
 eftrangement from God, for thereby the diilance is remov- 
 ed, and a friendinip bound up with God, Eph. 2. 1 3, 14, 18, 
 Bat now in Chrifl Jefns, ye who fometimes were far off, are 
 made nigh by the blood of Chrift. For he is oar peace, whi 
 hath made both one. For through him we both have an accejs 
 • by one fpirit unto, the Father. And his Kingdom meets with 
 our impotency, for thereby we are mightily wrought up- 
 on and determined, fo as our impotency proves no over- 
 powering lett in the way of his grace, Jer. 31. i\\ Bat this 
 fiall be the Covenant that I will make with the hoafe of Ifra- 
 el after thofe days, faith the Lord, I will pat my law in 
 their inward parts, and write it in their hearts, and I will be 
 -their God, and they jliall be my people. 
 
 2. It appears feora the work which he came to do, which 
 required this conjunction of Offices in his Peribn: 1. He 
 came to reveal a new way of happinefs, and therefore be- 
 hoved to be a Prophet, Alb. 7. 37, A prophet ft all the Lord 
 your God raife up mto yoa , of your brethren, like unto me, 
 bint JJ) all yoa hear. Heb. 2. 1, How jhall we efcape if we neg- 
 lect fo great falvation, which at the fir fi began to be fpoken by the 
 Lord I 2. He came to purchafe and acquire this new blelTed- 
 nefs, and therefore behoved to be a Prieft, to offer Sacri- 
 fice for it, Heb. 0-15, And for this caafe he is the Mediator 
 of the newTeftament, that by means of death, for the redemp- 
 tion of the tranfgrejfions of the firfi Tefiament, they which are 
 -.called might receive the promife of eternal inheritance. 3. He 
 came to make application of his purchafe, and therefore be- 
 hoved alio to be a King, Heb. 5. 9, And being made perfect, 
 he became the author of eternal falvation unto all them that 
 obey him. 
 
 Dd 2 2. The 
 
Of the Mediators Vnttion Chap. XIII. 
 
 3,. The nature and ufe 6f thefe three Offices in our Me- 
 diator, we find in iome meaiiire let out in the promifes of the 
 Covenant, at leafta chief and material hint at Something of all 
 the three, Jer. *-i.3fe$4i with Heb. 8. and 10. i. Chrift 
 Mediator as a Prophet, travelleth in begetting a right un- 
 derstanding betwixt the two parties that are at variance, 
 betwixt God and man 5 and to this effect, being intimately 
 acquainted with all his Fathers fecrets, 1. He publifheth 
 and declareth all the mind of God to his people, especially 
 in revealing the gracious purpofe of God concerning the 
 way and means of reconciliation, Mat. it. 27, Neither know* 
 eth any man the father favc the Son, and he to whomfoever 
 rhe Son will reveal him. Eph. 2. 17, And came and preached 
 peace to yon which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. 
 2. He worketh the effectual knowledg of God, and of his 
 will, in his peoples heart, See zCor. 4. 6, For God whs can- 
 fed the light to flrine out of darknefs, hath fame din our he art s^ 
 to give the light of the knowledg of the glory of God in the face 
 of Jefus Chrift. Luk. 1-77,79? To give knowledg of Salva- 
 tion unto his people, by the remiffwn of their fins. To give 
 
 light to them that fit in darknefs, and in the fliadow of death , 
 to guide our feet in the way of peace. 3 . He removeth the 
 miftakes and prejudices whereby the alienation betwixt God 
 and man is h'ightned and continued *, and this by imparting 
 the true mind of the parties to each other, £/?/.>. 4. 21, If 
 fo be that ye have heard him, and have been taught by him^ 
 as the truth is in Jefus. This is the nature and ufe of his 
 prophetical Office, which he executeth by >his word and 
 fpirit , caufing light firft to appear, and then to fhine into the 
 hearts of his people. 
 
 The end of this Office , and his exercifmg it after this 
 manner , is to promote his great defign of reconciliation, 
 which is the end of his Mediation ; and this he cloth, by 
 declaring the mind of the parties to each other, removing 
 miftakes, which encreafe alienation*, begetting a good un- 
 derftanding, and thereby working a compliance betwixt the 
 parties : and in refpeft of this Office mainly he is called a 
 Prophet, Deut. 18. 15. tAtts 3.22: and by way of eminency, 
 the Prophet^ and that Prophet, Joh.6. 14, and 7.40: and the 
 Angel or Meffenger of the Covenant y who publifhed and re- 
 vealed 
 
Chap. XflL for his Offices. 2of 
 
 vealed it, Mai. 5. I : and the Word, John I, 14. Rev. Ip. 3, 
 who revealeth the will of God, whereof I have already fpo- 
 ken-, and zWUnefs, or teacher and teftifier of the will of 
 God, Ifa* 55.4. kev. 3. 14 : and xhz Apoftle of our profef 
 fion, Heb. 3. 1 : and the Wifdom of God, 1 Cor. 1. 24. Col. 
 2. 3. 
 
 2. Chrift Mediator in his Priefthood travelleth, 1. About 
 Satisfaction. 2. Interceflion. Ifa. 53. 12, Becaufe he hath 
 poured out his foul unto death , and he was numbred with the 
 tranfgreffors, and he bare the fin of many, and made intercef- 
 fion for the tranfgreffor : And about both thefe in order to 
 Reconciliation, which is the great bufineis belonging to the 
 Mediators Office. 
 
 1. I fay, the nature and ufe of that Office relates to fa- 
 tisfaction for fin, becaufe by virtue of that Office principally 
 he performs the great work of fatisfaction for our fins, by 
 offering up himfeU a facrifice to death, after he had given 
 perfect obedience to the Law, Heb. 9. 26, But now bn:e in 
 the end of the world hath he appeared to put away fin by the 
 facrifice of himfelf And this he did as our Surety, he flood 
 in the Elects room, and Juftice did ftri>e him in their (lead, 
 Jfa.51. 5, He was oppreJJed } &Lc. or rather, according to the: 
 original, he was exatled, and anfwered\ that is, God the Fa- 
 ther required fatisfaction for our fins, and his Son ( as our 
 Surety ) anfwered for us. 
 
 2. Unto this Office belongeth his IntercenTon, which is 
 performed in the virtue of the fatisfaction given by him to 
 Divine Juftice, and the Sacrifice once offered up by him, Ifa* 
 55. 12, He poured out his foul unto death — and mad.e inter- 
 cefjhn for the tranfgreffors. Heb. 9. 24, For Chrift is not 
 etyred into the holy places made with hands, which are the fi- 
 gures of the true ', but into heaven it felf now to appear in the 
 pre fence of God for us. And this according to the two parts 
 of the HighPriefts Office, which were, 1. The offering of 
 facrifice. 2. The prefentingof it in the Holy of Holies with See q 0& ^ 
 prayer and interceflion, that God would accept it for the fins chrift fet ' 
 of the people, fee Levit. 16. The excellency of this Priett- forth,- p. i^jr',- 
 hood of our Mediator, was typified by Aarons Prkfthood in I2 3- 
 
 thefe two parts of itj and more eminently and excellently^' 9 q^^ 
 in Melchifedecks Priefthood, which fhewed alio the continu-^ H ^ f ^ r o-, 
 
 an-ce- 
 
q 0( 5 Of the Medidtors VnQion Chap. XIH. 
 
 ance of Chriits PrUfthood for ever, and the excellency of it 
 above Aaron* y .Pfal. no. Hcb. 5, and 7 chap. 
 
 Concerning the nature and parts of this-'Office , we (hall 
 only obferve thefe three things: 1. That Chrift Mediator 
 did and doth both the parts of this Office on earth , 
 and in Heaven , but with this difference, 1. On earth he 
 eminently iacrihced and offered up himfelf, Heb. 9. 14, 
 "How much more fall the blood of Chrift , who through the eter- 
 nal Spirit offered himfelf without fpot to God-, purge your con- 
 fcience from dead work* to fervc the living God. Yet he inter- 
 ceded alfo, Hcb. 5. 7, Who in the day* of hi* flefj, when , he 
 had offered up prayer* and fup pi: cat ion* with ftrong crying and 
 tear* unto him that was able to fave him from death, and 
 was heard in that he feared. 2. In Heaven he eminently 
 intercedes, Heb. 7. 25, Seeing he ever liveth to make inter- 
 ceffion for them. Chap. 9. 24, But into Heaven it felf now to 
 appear in the pre fence of God for us: but he offereth up 
 himfelf alfo, by prefenting the lacrirlce, and offering of him- 
 felf, which was once made, Heb. 12.24, We are come , faith 
 the Apoftle , to Jcfus the Mediator of the new Covenant , 
 and to the blood of fpr inkling, that fpeaheth better things than 
 that of Abel. 2. That all Chrift's iatisfaction and Pried- 
 hood would be ineffectual for our good , if he did not con- 
 tinue in the exercife of it by his intercefTion in Heaven , 
 whereby he becometh the applying- caufe of falvation to us, 
 Heb. 5. 10, 1 1, (failed of God an High prieft after the order 
 of Melchifedec ; of whom we have many things to fay, and 
 hard to be uttered, feeing ye are dull of hearing. Rom. 5. 
 1 o, For if when we were enemies , we were reconciled to God 
 by the death of his Son, much more being reconciled we foall be 
 fave d by his life. $. That the defign carried on bylhis 
 Office is the fame as in the former , to wit, Reconciliation, 
 which is promoted through this Office, 1. By his giving 
 latisfa&ion to Juftice. 2. By his application of that latisfa- 
 ftion, and making Attonement for the fins of his 
 people. 
 
 The nature and ufe of Chrifts Kingdom , I lay down in 
 thefe After tions : 1. That it is Difpenfatory '-, Chrift 
 Mediator is a King appointed, a Viceroy and D^puty-go- 
 vernour in fubordination to his Father. Tfal. 2. 6. Jet have 
 
 1 fet 
 
Chap. XI IT. for his Offices. 207; 
 
 have 1 fet my King upon my holy hill of Z''.on. John $« 2* v 
 That a! I mm frould honour thz [on even as they honour the 
 father *, he that honoureth not the fon, honoureth not the fa- 
 ther that fent him: a Kingdom which is to bt rendered up 
 again to him who gave it 'to him, 1 Cor. 15.24, Then com- 
 cth the end j when he frail have delivered up the kingdom to 
 God even the father , when he frail have put down all rule 
 and all authority and power. His Kingdom as Mediator, is 
 not regnum naturale, which he hath as God co-effential with 
 his Father*, but regnum ceconomicum , which he hath by do- 
 nation and unction from his Father. 2. That it is very 
 large, yea univerial ; for it is all power in heaven and earthy 
 Matth.28. 18 : and it reacheth to the upholding all things by 
 the word of his power, Heb. 1. 3. It is over all the creatures, 
 Eph. u 22, And hath put all things under his feet, and gave 
 him to be the head over all things to the Church. Over all 
 
 o 
 
 Mankind, Dan. 7, 14, And there was givsn him dominion and- 
 glory, and a kingdom, that all people , nations and languages 
 frould ferve him. Rev. 17. 14, He is lord of lords, and king\ 
 of kings. Over the Reprobate as well as the Ele<ft, Tfalot 
 id o. I, The Lord f aid unto my Lord-, Sit thou at my right- 
 hand, until J make thine enemies thy foot ft col. Over all ages- 
 and generations of men : Dan. 7. 14, his dominion is an ever* 
 lafting dominion*, which frail net pafs' away \ and his kingdm 
 that which frail not be deftroyed. Although it be more fpe- 
 cial, and he be a King more peculiarly to the Church and 
 the eleel: World, Pfalml. 6,8,9, Ytt have J fet my king 
 upon my holy hill cf Zion,~Ask of me, and 1 will give thee the 
 heathen for thine inheritance , and the uttermoft parts of the 
 earth for thypojfejfion : thou fralt breaks them with a rod of 
 iron, thou fralt dafr them in pieces like a potters veJJ'el. And 
 that both outwardly, by appointing them Laws, Ordinances 
 and Officers, Pfalm p. 6,7, For unto as a child is born, nn-+ 
 to us a fan is given, and the government frail be upon his~ 
 froulder : and his name frail be called Wonderful Counfellour^ 
 the mighty Goi, the ever lafting Father, the Prince of peace , 
 of the encreafe of his government and peace there fliall be no * 
 end *, upon the throne of David, ^and upon his kingdom to order it, 
 and to eftablifr it wfoh juftice and with judgment from hence- - 
 forth and for ever. And inwardly by ruling in their hearts.- 
 
 Lnke 
 
20 8 Of the Mediators Vnttion Chap. XIII. 
 
 Luke 17. 21, Neither flail they fay, lo here, or lo there : for 
 behold, the kingdom of 'God is within you. Ezek. 56.27, And I 
 will fat my fpirit within you, and caufeyou to walkjn my ftatutes, 
 aid ye fall keep m y judgments and do them, Jer. 31. $3, But 
 this flail be the Covenant that I will make with the houfe of 
 Ifrael after thofe days, faith the Lord, I will pat my Law in 
 their inward parts, and write it in their hearts. And his King- 
 dom is over other creatures, but for the caufe and behoof of 
 the Elect", Bph. 1 , 22, And gave him to be the head over all things 
 to the Church. 1 .It is Spiritual, over the fouls and coilfciences of 
 men, to awe and over-rule the hearts of men, to captivate their 
 affections, Rom. 14. 1 7, for the kingdom of God is not meat and 
 drirtkj) but righteoufnefs ,and peace,and joy in the Holy Ghoft. Joh. 
 18.36, Jefus anfwered and J aid, Ady kingdom is not of this world. 
 Chap. 6. 1 5, When Jefus therefore perceived that they would come 
 and take him by force to make him a King, he departed again into 
 a mountain himfelf alone. To break in pieces his enemies with 
 an iron Rod , to rule and day them with the words of his 
 mouth, Tfalm 1 10. 2, Rule thou in the midfl of thine ene- 
 mies. Ifa. 1 1. 4, But with righteoufnefs flail he judg the poor, 
 and reprove with equity for the me ek^ of the earth ; and he jh all 
 fmite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath 
 tf his lips fhall he fay the wicked. 4. It is everlafting, Dan. 
 2. 44, And in the days of thefe kings flail the God of heaven 
 fet up a kingdom which Jhall never be deflroyed : and the 
 kingdom fiall 7iot be left to other people , but it flail breaks 
 in pieces and confumc all thefe kingdoms , and it flail fland 
 for ever. Chap. 7. 14, His dominion is an everlafting domi- 
 nion which flail not pafs away , and his kingdom that which 
 flail not be deftroyed. Heb. 1.8, But unto the Son he faith y 
 Thy throne , O God^ is for ever and ever : and although it 
 be laid , 1 Cor. 15.24, he flail give the kingdom to his Fa- 
 lser , yet his Kingdom fhall not then ceaie : for I take that 
 to be in regard of the manner of adminiftration of it by Or- 
 dinances, Officers, e^-c. for then all his Saints fhali be perr 
 fecled, and all his enemies fubdued, whereof fomething hath 
 been already fpoken. 5. In the kingdom of Chrift Media- 
 tor, he doth all things with authority and power, and yet 
 it is wholly ruled by his Word and Spirit. He doth all things 
 in his Kingdom, not by outward fecular force, but by his 
 
 influences 
 
Chap. XIII. fir his Offices. 209 
 
 influences upon the fpirits of men, and determining them in 
 a fecret way, whether providentially, or by (living and ian- 
 ttiiying influences. Z?ck. 4. 6, Not by mighty nor by power y 
 but by my font, faith the Lord of Hofls. Pialm 1 10. 1, 2, 
 The Lord J aid unto my Lord, fit thou at my right hand until 
 J make thine enemies thy foot fool. The Lord fiall fend the 
 rod of thy ftvength out of Zion : rule thou in the n. idft of thine 
 enemies. 2 The (T. 2.8, And then jl hall that wickfdbe reveal- 
 ed, whom the Lord full con fume with the fair it of his mouthy 
 and fall defiroy withjhe bright nefs of his coming. 6. The ^^ 
 great work of his Kingly Power is to imploy it for laving 
 of his people, and i'ubduing his and their enemies, to bring 
 to pafs his purpofe of the one and the other , either with- 
 out or againfl all contradiction , .Pfalm 1 10 throughout, 
 Pfalm 2 throughout, Phil. 2. 9, 10, Wherefore God a! fo hath 
 highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every 
 name, that at the name of Jefus every knee flwuld bow, of 
 things in heaven, and things in earth , and things under the 
 earth. 7. The great and ipecial end of Chrifts Kingly Of- 
 fice, is to make his other Offices effectual for the laving of 
 his Elect, to fupport his Priefthood and Prophecy, and to 
 give vigour and efficacy to them : for except Chrift had 
 been a Prince that had power over his friends and foes, 
 his other Offices could never have been made effectual to trie 
 Elect, nor he a Captain of Salvation to them, Heb. 2. 10. 
 Therefore alfo he is let forth as a Pried: upon a Throne, 
 who carrieth all things as a King with power, Heb. 1. 3, 
 When he had by himfelf purged our fns, fat down on the right 
 hand of the Mays fly on high. It is his Kingdom which effects 
 that Reconciliation which is the end of a Mediator , that 
 which his Prophecy teacheth, and his Priefthood and Sacri- 
 fice hath purchafed •, he fits as a King, and conveys the power 
 of it into the foul. 2 Cor- 10.4, 5, For the weapons of our 
 warfare are not carnal? but mighty through God, to the pulling 
 down of flrong holds, and cafling down imaginations , and every 
 high thing that exalt eth it felf againfl the knowledg of God y 
 and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of 
 Chrift. . 
 
 3. The Harmony and Confent of thefe three Offices in 
 our Mediator, and how they do concurr for the end of his 
 
 E e Media- 
 
350 Of the Mediator* Vnftion Chap, XIII. 
 
 Mediatorihip, to wit, the triefting of the difference betwixt 
 God and man, by making a reconciliation , and binding up 
 friendlhip by a new Covenant. Here oblerve the fweet con- 
 currence of the three Offices in the Mediator Chrift. i. All 
 theie Offices level at one end , to wit , Reconciliation and 
 Salvation, which is the great bufmefs wherefore a Mediator 
 was appointed, 2 Cor. 5. 19, Cod was in Chrift reconciling 
 the world unto him [elf \ but with this difference, his Prophecy 
 teaches the way of Reconciliation, Atts 5. 22, Him [hall ye 
 hear in all things whatsoever he fall fay unto you. His Prieft- 
 hood opened the way, and purchafed the peace, Heb. 9. 14, 
 15, How much mere jhall the blood of Chrift, who through the 
 eternal Spirit offered himfelf withont fpot to God, purge your 
 confcience from dead works to ferve the living God. Ana for 
 this eaufe he is the Mediator of the new 'Teftament, that by 
 means of death for the redemption of the Tranfgrejfors that 
 were under the fir ft Teftament , they which are called might 
 receive the promife of eternal inheritance. His Kingdom doth 
 effect and do thebufinefs, John 12. 32, And I, if I be lift- 
 ed up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. Col. 1. 20, 
 21, And having made peace through the blood of his crofs, by 
 him to reconcile all things to himfelf, J fay , whether they be 
 things in earth, or things in heaven. And you that were fome- 
 times alienated, and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet 
 now hath he reconciled. But yet we mult not conceive the 
 actings of theie Offices in Chrift feparately, nor appropriate to 
 any of them folely the effecting Reconciliation or Salvati- 
 on : 'but underftand it by way of eminency , and fo of the 
 following particulars. 2. Thefe three Offices in our Me- 
 diator, concur to do the fame work, but in divers ways, that 
 our Reconciliation and Salvation might be the more compleat 
 and fure: he would have us faved, Heb. 7. 25, to the ut- 
 . ttoft ^ it< t3 watmxit, or, as the word is rendred by fome, 
 
 ^Gdodrpin!* ^ r ana * a ^ 0<ije &l manner of ways •, for the word as fome 
 Chrift fet obferve , fignifies, Omni modum perfecutionem, omnem adeptta 
 forth, com. ftnem, and abfolute perfection in all manner of ways where- 
 UhrwUUxh. unto thefe three Offices in our Mediator concur. 1. Chrift 
 asPrieft through his death reconcileth us to God, and faveth 
 us ( as captives are redeemed ) by Ranfom and Price. Heb* 
 10, 12, But thU mn. after be had offered om favrifice for fins, 
 
 for 
 
C4iap. XIIL for his Offices. 2 $ i 
 
 for ever fat down on the right hand of God. Col. r. % 20, 
 
 And having made peace through the blood of his crofs, by him 
 to reconcile all things to himfelf Rom. 5. 10, For if when 
 we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his 
 Son,&c. 2. Chrift as King, by his-Reiurreaionand Afcen- 
 fion effectuates our Salvation by power and conqueft, Heb. , 
 2. 14, That through death he might deftroy him that had the 
 power of death , that is the Devil. Eph.4. 8, Wherefore he 
 faith when he afcended up on high, he led captivity captive, and 
 gave gifts unto men. 3. Chrift as Prophet effe&uates our 
 reconciliation with God, and Salvation, by our own content : 
 informing our judgments, begetting a good underftanding 
 betwixt God and us*, removing miftakes, and making us 
 willing to be reconciled unto him, and faved by him, Pfal. 
 no. 2, 3, The Lord fj all fend the rod of thy ftrength out of 
 Zion,-*Thy people foall be willing in the day of thy power : in 
 the beauties of holinefs, from the womb of the morning , thou 
 haft the dew of thy youth. This he effects by Treaty , till he 
 hath* concluded favour and friendfhip betwixt the parties 
 by voluntary confent in a Covenant, Rev. 22. 17, And the 
 Spirit, and the Bridge fay, Come. 
 
 I, Thefe Offices in our Mediator fweetly concur toge- ' 
 ther to meet with three great Evils in our natural condi- 
 tion (which are comprehenfive of all our mifery), and to 
 deal in taking them away : I, Chrift as a Prophet dealeth 
 with our Ignorance of God, and blindneis: and removeth 
 that, by applying himfelf to us in the exercife of that teach- 
 ing-Office, Eph. 4. 18,21, Having the underftanding darke- 
 ned', being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance, 
 that is in them, becaufe of the blindnefs of their heart — If fe 
 be that ye have heard him, and been taught by him, as the truth 
 is in Jefus. 2. Chrift as Prieft, with his Atonement and 
 Satisfaction, dealeth with our alienation and eftrangement 
 from God, and our enmity againft him, which is the fruit of 
 our Ignorance of him , and by making a fatisfaftion to of- 
 fended Juftice, he takes away the enmity. Eph. 4. 18, ite- 
 mg alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that 
 is in them. See Rom. 5. ic, When we were enemies , we were 
 reconciled to God by the death of his Son. Col. I. 21, And 
 you thatmre fometimes alienated, and enemies in your mind by 
 
 E e 2 . wicked 
 
212 Of the Mediators VnUion Chap. XIIL 
 
 wicked workj, yet now hath he reconciled. $. Chrift as a 
 King dealeth with our Impotency and Rebellion, which is 
 the third great evil in our unnatural condition, which he 
 fweetly iubducth by the power and dominion of his grace, 
 Tfalm^. 5, Thine arrows are ftnirp in the heart of the 
 kings enemies, whereby the people fall under thee. Rev. 6. 2 y 
 ylnd he went forth conquering and to conquer. Or the har- 
 mony of theie Offices may be conceived thus : 
 
 i. That Chrift as a Prophet dealeth eminently with the 
 underftandings of men, to peri wade and convince them by 
 his teaching, 2 Gor. 4.4, 6, Jn whom the god of this world 
 hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, left the light 
 of the glorious Gofpel of Chrift, who is the image of God, ft) ouli 
 finne in them — -for God, who commanded the light to ftrine out 
 of d.irhnefs, hath finned in our hearts, to give the light of the 
 hnowledg of the glory of God in the face of Jefus Chrift. 
 2. Chrift as a Prieft, as a merciful, loving, condelcending 
 man, who hath laid clown his life for us, ufeth entreaties, 
 and dealeth with the auctions mainly , when the judgment 
 is informed by his prophefie and teaching, 2 ; Cor. 5. 20, Now 
 then we are amha/fadors for Chrift, as though God d\d hefeech 
 you by us, we pray you in Chrift s ftead be ye reconciled to Cod. 
 1. Chrift as King dealeth with the wills of men, the proud- 
 eft and higheft enemy that Chrift hath in our nature, which 
 he iubducs and overpowers by determinating grace, Pfil. 
 1 10. 1, Thy people foall be willing in the day of thy power. 
 
 4. Thefe three Offices in our Mediator , do moft plea- 
 fantly conlpire in aiding and fupporting one another, that 
 each Office may be vigorous and effectual for the end of his 
 Mediation. And here confider , 1. How the prophecy of 
 Chrift is aiding to his Priefthood and Kingdom :'■ 1. By 
 teaching what the Priefthood and Kingdom of Chrift are, 
 and the way how reconciliation and peace is to be made: 
 His prophecy teaches thofe myfteries of the Kingdom, and our 
 falvation, which otherways we could not know, Joh. 1. 18, 
 No man hath feen God at any time : the only begotten San 
 which is in the bofome of the Father , he hath declared him. 
 It fheweth, 1. Where a Sacrifice is to be had, and a power 
 to make out our peace, which upon the matter is the Prieft- 
 hood and Kingdom of Chrift, Afts 5. 3 1, Him hath God ex- 
 alted 
 
Chap. XIII. for his Offices. 21 3 
 
 alted with bis right botidf to be a Prince and a Saviour, to 
 give repentance to Jjrael, and jorgivenejs of fins. 1 Joh.2.2.7, 
 And ye need not that any man teach yon , but as the fame 
 anointing te ache th yon of all things, and is truth, and is no 
 lye. 2. How to apply Chrrils Priefthood at fird for jufti- 
 location, and how to apply it daily and continually for re- 
 peated pardon and fbrgivenefs, and how to improve it as our 
 daily iacrihee, 1 John 1. 9, If we confefs our fins, he is faith- 
 ful and \uft to forgive us our fins, and to clean] e us from all 
 unrighteoufnefs. And 2. 1,2. My little children, thefe things 
 write I unto you, that ye fin not : and if a'ay man fin, we have 
 an Advocate with the Father, Jejus Chrift the righteous, &c. 
 3. How to live by taith, to depend upon Chrift, and to be 
 guided continually by him, as the ruler of his people, Heb. 
 10. ;8, Now the \ufi foali lire by faith. Pial. 73.24, Thou 
 Jhalt guide me with thy ccu-ijel, and, afterward receive me to 
 glory. 2. By removing miilakes and preji dices, which are ib 
 rooted in our heart?, that there can be no agreement till 
 thcie prejudices be t.-.ken off, and a gocd imderitanding be 
 gotten betwixt the patties: Thus C brill played the Prophet 
 to the woman of Samaria , by inftrutting her , till he 
 had removed her miflakes and prejudices,, and informed her 
 judgment right, and then he had acceis to deal further with 
 her, Joh. 4. j, By convincing of the need of his Prieil- 
 hcod and Sacrifice, and of his Kingdom; he doth teach his 
 people as a Prophet, till they know they need a Sacrifice, and 
 till he ihew them where it is *, and till they know they need 
 a King and the arm of Omnipotency, for effecting a change 
 of the Covenant-Mate, John 16. 8, And when he is come, he 
 will reprove the world of fin , of righteoufnefs , and of judg- 
 ment. Job 1 3. 23, If there be a wejjenger with him, an in- 
 terpreter, one among a thoufand , to Jl)ew unto man b& up- 
 rightnefs. 
 
 Confider, 2. How. the Priefthood of Chrift: concurreth 
 with his Prophefie and Kingdom, and is aiding to them: 
 1. His Priefthood is aiding to his Prophefie, 1. By making 
 God acceffible through the new and living way of Recon- 
 ciliation, taught by his Prophefie •, God having now accepted 
 aiacriftce : and we having a Pried, by whom we may come 
 to him, Heb. 10. 19.J 20, Having therefore brethren,, boldnefs to 
 
 enter 
 
254 °J ^ e Mediators VnUion Chap. XITL 
 
 enter into the holiefi by the bloodhtfjefus^ by a new and li- 
 ving way which he hath confecrated for us through the vail, 
 that is to fay, the flejli : and an Advocate and Intcrceflbr to 
 pray for us, i John 2. i, 2, We have an Advocate with 
 the father , Jefus Chrift the righteous ', and he is the pro- 
 fitiation for oar fins. 2. By making that great Prophet 
 more affable and condefcending to us, by how much he is 
 come near to us in our nature *, and hath taken his Sacri- 
 fice from among his brethren •, I mean, his flefh and body, 
 Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made 
 like unto his brethren. Chap. 5. 1, For every Higb-prieft 
 fallen from among men, is ordained for men. in things pertain- 
 ing to God y that they may offer both gifts and facrifces for 
 fins. Chap. 10. v. 5, Wher ere fore when he cometh into the 
 worldy he faith , facrtficc and offering thou wouldft not , but 
 a body haft thou prepared me. 2. His Priefthood is aiding 
 to his 'Kingdom, and that in both the parts of it: 1. In 
 his iacrifice and fatisfa&ion, he hath doubled his right and 
 title to his people , and worketh their falvation by price} 
 which as a King he doth by power and conqueft , Heb. s>. 
 15, And for this caufe he is the Mediator of the new Te- 
 Jlamentj that by means ef death for the redemption of the 
 Sranfgreffions that were under the fir ft Teftament , they which 
 are called might receive the promife of eternal inheritance. 
 1 Pet. 1. .18, 19, Forafmuch as ye know that ye were not re- 
 deemed with corruptible things^ — but with the precious blood of 
 Chrift. 2. In his Interceflion, he carrieth the famebufinefs 
 of our Salvation by favour and entreaty, which he hath 
 alio carried by Command as a King, Heb. 7. 25, Wherefore 
 he is able alfo to fave them to the uttermoft that come unto 
 God by him y feeing he ever liveth to make inter ceffion for them. 
 With 1. 3, When he had by him f elf purged our fins ^ fat down 
 -en the right hand of the majefty on high. John 17. 24, Fa- 
 ther , I will that they alfo whom thou haft given me , be with 
 me where I am. 
 
 3.. Confider how his Kingdom doth fupport his Prieft- 
 hood and Rrophefie, and give vigour and efficacy to them 
 both. 
 
 And 1, His Kingdom doth aflift his Prophefie, 1. By fu- 
 ftaiiing and keeping up the means of Salvation and Teach- 
 ing, 
 
Chap.Xlli; for his Offices. 255 
 
 ing, by his Gofpel and Ordinances , againft all the enemies 
 that have riien up and beftirred themfeives againft the fame 
 ever fince the beginning of the world : Thus he keepeth 
 thefe pillars of his Throne from mine. Tfalm no. 2, 5, 
 The Lord pall fend the rod of thy ftrength oat of Zion : rule 
 thou in the midft of thine enemies. The Lord at thy right 
 hand pall fir ike through kings in the day of his wrath. 2. By 
 making his Goipel and Ordinances have their full efTetlualnefs 
 in the hearts of his people, to convince and convert them, 
 and to pierce and condemn thofe that defpiie them , John 
 9. 39^ And Jefus faid. For Judgment J am come into this 
 world, that they which fee not, might fee , aandthat they which 
 fee, might be made blind. Ifa. 55. 11,. So pall my word be 
 that goeth forth out of my mouth , it pall not return unto me 
 void j but it pall accomplip that which I fleafe : and it pall 
 profper in the thing whereto I fent it, . 
 
 2. His Kingdom doth affift his Priefthood : r. By giving 
 efficacy to his fatisfa&ion, to reconcile the perfons of the E- 
 lefttoGod, and to obtain forgiveneis of their fins: for it is 
 his Kingdom that doth convey the power of his Priefthood- 
 into the foul. 2. By giving Efficacy unto his Interceffion, 
 •for keeping all thofe that are given to him by his Father,, 
 continually in a ftate of grace and favour, John 17. 11,24, 
 Thofe that thou gave fi me J have kept, and none of them is loft 
 hut the fon of perdition "Father , / will that they alfo whom 
 thou haft given me, be with me where I am. 3. By making 
 his Death and Refurreclion effectual to fubdue ourlufts, and 
 to let up his Kingdom within us. Bph. i< 19, 20, And what 
 is the exceeding greatnefs of his power to m-ward who believe , 
 according to the working of his mighty power , which he wrought 
 in C^'rift when he rat fed him from the dead, and fet him at 
 his own right hand in the heavenly places. Rom. 6.4, 5, There- 
 fore we are buried with himbybaptifm into death, that like as 
 Chrift was raifed up from the dead by the glory of the father , 
 even fo we alfo pould walk^in newnefs of life, for if we have 
 been planted together in the likenefs of his death, we pall be al- 
 fo in the likenefs of his refurreflion. 
 
 Vfe 1. Of Chrifts Unction unto thefe Offices: How excel- 
 lent and eminent a perfon muft our Mediator be, in whom 
 thefe three Offices concur, which take in all things that per- 
 tain 
 
2 1 6 °f ike Mediators VnUion Chap. XIII. 
 
 tain to inihuftion and wifdom, to favour and entreaty, to 
 power and acting? who is anointed unto all the high Of- 
 fices cv:r the houfe of God, Heb. 10. 21, unto which great " 
 perfons have at any time been anointed. The excellency of 
 all high Offices treift in his Perfon , io that as the Apoftle 
 iaith often , fuch a High prieft - 7 we may fay , fttch a Me- 
 diator , by way of Excellency, Vjalm Sy. 19, 20, I have ex- 
 alted one chofen out of the people, I have found David my fer- 
 vant, with my holy oyl have I anointed, him. Ila- 22. 22,-^- 
 And the l^ey of the houfe of David will' I lay upon his flwulder: 
 fo he ji hall open , and none Jhall flint : and he fiallfnit, and none 
 frail open. 
 
 2. How. well hath God provided for his people in Chrift the 
 Mediator ?S 1. There mult be a wonderful fulnefs of Sa- 
 tisfaction which proceedeth from a perfon thus anointed. 
 2. An ad arable weight in the interceflion of a Perfon car- 
 rving fuch jjugh Offices. $. He hath treafured up all his 
 Churches happinefs in Chrift , that he fhould be to them 
 wheufoever they need : and that he fhould carry all Offices 
 whereof they can have ufe. Col. 1. 15?, for it pleafed the 
 
 ' Father that in him flwuld all fulnefs dwell. 4. From the 
 weH-fpring of his Unction, he hath made another UicTion to 
 flow to us , for calling us to high and honourable things, 
 and furnifhing us for them*, Rev. 1.6. And hath made m 
 Kings and Priefls unto God, and his Father. iJohn2. 27, But 
 the anointing which you have received of hiw y abidetb in you : 
 and ye need not that any man teach you , but as the fame a- 
 minting teacheth you of all things, and is truth, and is no lye : 
 and even as it hath taught you, ye pall abide in him. 1 Pet. 
 2 . y, For ye are a chofen generation, a royal Prieflhood, a ho- 
 ly Nation , a peculiar people , that ye flwuld fhew forth the 
 praifes of him who hath called you out tf darknefs unto his mar- 
 vellous light. 
 
 3. Let iis make ufe of Chrift Mediator in all his Offices, 
 and acknowledg him in them all , and take notice of the con- 
 currence of thefe for effecting our happinefs. And for this 
 effect, 1. Let us ftudy to be acquainted with our need of 
 Chrift in all his Offices : Some men know not their need of a 
 Prieft, but very few know their need of a Teacher : they 
 think they are very knowing, while they are blind *, but far 
 
 fewer 
 
Chap. Xlrt. for hit Offices* $iy 
 
 fewer know their need of a King ^ they think they can rule 
 therafelves. Rom. 7. 9, For 1 was alive without the law once ; 
 but when the commandment came, fin revived, and I died. And 
 yet our need of all thefe is luch, that we could not have 
 been compleatly laved, if any of thefe Offices had been want- 
 ing in our Mediator : we fond in need of a Prophet, a Prieft, 
 and a King, 
 
 2. Stu \) to know, and be convinced, that there is in us 
 a natural enmity againft all thefe Offices of Chrift the Me- 
 diator : 1. Enmity againft him as a Prophet, againft his 
 Teaching and his Truth ^ difliking his truths which crofs 
 our lulls, John 6. 60, Many therefore of his Dfciples when 
 they had heard this, faid , This is an hard faying , who can 
 bear it f Quenching and refilling the voice and teaching of his 
 Spirit- I fa. 6$. 10, But they rebelled and vexed his holy Spi- 
 rit. 2. Enmity againft him as a Prieft, by undervaluing his 
 Perfon, Suffering, Satisfaction, Righteoufnefs, Merit?, Rom. 
 10. 3, For they being ignorant of Gods righteoufnefs, and go- 
 ing about to eflablifh their own righteoufnefs, have not fubrnti- 
 ted themfelves unto the righteoufnefs of God. $ . Enmity a- 
 gainft him as a King •, againft his fpiritual Worffiip, Com- 
 mands, Wages : a principle which controuls them, and re- 
 bels againft him, Rom. 7. 23, But I fee another law in my 
 members warring againfi the law of my mind, bringing me in- 
 to captivity to the law of fin, which is in my members. 
 
 3. We muft take with our need of Chrift in thefe his Of- 
 fices, and lay down our enmity againft them •, that is, in the 
 knowledg that we need not only a Prieft, but a Prophet, and 
 a King •, we muft break off our rebellions againft thefe his 
 Offices, and lay down the weapons whereby we have oppo- 
 fed them, which are mainly feTf conceit , and knowledg, or 
 Science, fafly fo called, oppofmg him as a Prophet, 1 Cor. 8. 
 2, And if any man thinks that he hfioweth any thing, he know- 
 eth nothing yet as he ought to know : and felf will, oppofmg 
 his Kingdom, refufing to admit of his Laws within us, Luke 
 1 9. 14, We will not have this man to rule over us: and felf- 
 worth, or righteoufnefs, oppofmg his Priefthood , by fetting 
 up fomething in the place of it, Rom. to. $, For they being 
 ignorant of Gods righteoufnefs, and going about to efiablifh their 
 own righteoufnefs^ &c. 
 
 F f 4. Let 
 
2i8 Of the AkdUtorsVnUion Chap. XIH. 
 
 4. Let us by all means take heed that the grace of God 
 tendred to us through a Mediator in all theft Offices, be not 
 in vain, through our not feeking to it, and laying hold on 
 it, Hcb. 4. 1, 2, Let m therefore fear, left a promife being 
 left m of entring into his Reft, any of yon jhould feem to come 
 port of it. For unto us wm the Gofpel preached, as well as 
 unto them : but the word preached did not profit them , net 
 being mixed with faith in them that heard it. A Court of 
 Juilice is a publick Sanctuary, but it actually relieveth 
 none but thofe that feek unto it, Heb. 6. 18, We might 
 have a flrong confolation who have fled for refuge, to lay hold 
 on the hop; Jet before us. It is in vain as to our profit, that 
 Chrift carrieth theie Offices, if we do not make application 
 to him for his Teaching, his Sacrifice, and his Government, 
 Gal. 2. 21, Do not fruftrate the grace of God : for if righte- 
 oufnefs come by the Law, thenChrift is dead in vain. 2 Cor. 
 6. 1, 9, Wc befeech you alfo, that ye receive not the grace of God 
 in vain, 
 
 5. Let us have our hearts* jointly and equally fatisfied to 
 receive him in all his Offices, and not to divide his compleat 
 Unction, Ija. 55.4, Behold, I have given him for a wit- 
 neff to the people, a leader and commander to the people. Acts 
 5. 31, Hi-Ti hath God exalted with his right hand, to be a 
 Vrmce and a Saviour, to give repentance to Jjrael, and for- 
 givenefs of fins. Jer. \\. $.$, .4, But this fl)all be the Cwt 
 venant that I will make with the hcufe of Ijrael after thofe 
 days, faith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts-, 
 and write it in their hearts , and will be their God, and they 
 [ball be my people. And they fhaB teach no mere every 
 
 his neighbour, faying , Knew the Lord : for all fliall know me 
 from the lea ft of them unto the great eft of them, faith the Lord\ 
 for I will fo-rgive their iniquity , and I will remember their 
 fin no more. 1 Cor. 1. $0, But of him are ye in Chrifijefitj, 
 who of. God is made unto us wifdo-n, and. righteoufnefs, and 
 fancliftcation and redemption. Tnere be who divide his Of- 
 fices, who would be faved bvbisPrkfthcod, but will neither 
 be taught by his Prophecy y nor ruled by his Kingdom. 
 2. Others , who would be both faved and taught , but not 
 commanded by him. Again., There be who would divide 
 the things belonging to his Offi:es: As 1, who would iubr 
 
 mit 
 
Chap. XIII. for his offices. 2 T 9 
 
 mit to his teaching by outward Ordinances, but will not 
 fubmit themfelves to the inward teaching of his Spirit. 2.Who 
 will be content to take his fatisfattion, and merit of his death, 
 but think they need not his interceffion. 3. Who would 
 take the protection of his Kingdom, but will not have the 
 Laws and Government thereof. 4. Who would be made 
 happy by his means, but will not be made holy. 
 
 6. Let us labour to feek within us the experiment of the 
 virtue of each of his Offices, and of the fever al parts there- 
 of, and things pertaining to the fame. 
 
 And 1. of his Prophecy} and that not only of his doing 
 the part of a Prophet, in (hewing to us things more plea- 
 fant, but things more bitter alio, even our fin, and his re- 
 proofs, joh. 16. 8, And when he is come , he will reprove the 
 world of fin, and of righteoujnefs, and of judgment. Pfal. 50. 
 2 1, But I will reprove thee, and fet them in order before thine 
 eyes. 
 
 2. Let us ftudy to experience the power and efficacy of his 
 Prieflhood in both parts thereof, of his Satisfaction , and of 
 his Interceffion } of the death and life of our Prieft, and 
 that to all the intents of thefe parts of that Office, for Re- 
 conciliation, fo£ accefs to God, for bringing you in favour, 
 for keeping you in favour, for per fever ance, for righteouf- 
 nefs, for holinefs, and for falvation , Rom. 5. 9, 10, Much 
 more then being now juftified by his blood, we Jhall be faved 
 from wrath through hiw. For if when we were enemies, we were 
 reconciled to God by the death of his Son : much more being 
 reconciled, we frail be faved by his life. Heb. 4. 14$ Seeino- 
 then that we have a great High- Prieft that is faffed into the 
 heavens^ Jefm the Son of God, let us hold faft- 4ur- profeffion. 
 And 10. 22, Let us draw near, in the full affurance of faith, 
 having our hearts fprinkled from an evil conscience, and our 
 bodies wafhed with pure water. '1 Cor. 1. 30, But of him are 
 ye in Chrift Jefus, who of God is made unto us wifdom, and 
 righteoufnefs, fanclification, and redemption. Acts 5.31, Him 
 hath God exalted with his right hand, to be a Prince and a 
 Saviour, for to give repentance to Ifrael , and forgivenefs of 
 fins. Heb. 9. 15, And for this caufehe is the Mediator of the 
 New Teftament, that by means of death for the redemption of : 
 the pranfgreffions that were under the fir ft Teftament , they 
 
 F f 2 which 
 
2 20 Of the Mediators VnUion, 8cc. Chap. XIV, 
 
 which are called might receive the promife of eternal inheri- 
 tance. 
 
 3. Let it be our endeavour alio to feel within us the 
 virtue of his Kingdom, by taking on his yoke, iubmitting 
 ro his commands, Mat. 1 1. 29, Take my yoke upon yon. Ad- 
 mitting him as a King upon a throne , to rule within us, 
 Luke 17. 21, Behold the kingdom of God is within yon. Yield- 
 ing him fervice , Pfal.2. 1 1, 12, Serve the Lord with fair, 
 and re Joyce with trembling. Kifs the fon left he be angry. Sub- 
 duing your lulls, 2Gor. 10. 4, 5, For the weapons of our war- 
 fart are not carnal, but mighty through God, to the pulling 
 dc V'i of ftrong holds : cafting down imaginations, and every high 
 thing that exalteth it felf againft the knowledg of God * 7 and 
 bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Chrift. 
 Committing your felves to his protection , and making it 
 your refuge, 2 Tim. 1. 12, For J know whom 1 have belie* 
 ved \ and 1 am perfwaded, that he is able to keep that which 
 J have committed unto him againft that day. 
 
 %>fe 5. Try your improving of Chrifts Offices, and whe- 
 ther he carrie th them in vain as to your reaping profit by 
 them. 1. In general: 1. By your delight in the wile con- 
 junction of them, infomuch that if it were "at your difpo- 
 fing, ye could not be content that any of them were want- 
 ing in him. 2. By your unfatisfiedn els with your felves un- 
 til you have had forne good, and found ibme effect: of each. 
 of them upon you. 
 
 2. More particularly, 1. If you have been under the ef- 
 ficacy of Chrifts Prophefie, no outward teaching will fatii- 
 fie you, till you feel the power of his Spirit teaching you 
 inwardly. 2. If you have been under the efficacy of his 
 Priefthood, no facrifice, nor fervice , nor prayers of your 
 own will be refted on, but his Sacrifice and Interceffion on- 
 ly. 3. If you have felt the efficacy of his Kingdom, no ex- 
 ternals of a well-ordered and ruled walk, will content you, 
 without his Kingdom within you. 
 
 C HAP. 
 
pi 
 
 CHAR XIV. 
 
 Of the Mediators "VnSiion as it relateth to the 
 endowing of him with all requifite Qualifi- 
 cations for that Worh^ 
 
 THE Second Part of ChrifVs Unction (which is alfo con- 
 iequent to his perfonal union ) is the furnifhing and fit- 
 ting of him with ipecial Requifites and Furniture for the 
 work of Mediation :, and particularly , he is anointed with 
 requifite qualifications for the difcharge of theie three high 
 Offices unto which he was defigned, to be a King, a Priefi:, 
 and a Prophet to his Church : And this alfo is comprehen- 
 ded in the Anointing from which our Mediator has his name, 
 Meffiah, or Chrifi, Joh. i. 41. Luke 9. 20. 
 
 Of this part of his Unction we fhall fpeak, 1. More ge- 
 nerally, laying open what it is, and the comprehenfive phra- 
 fes of Scripture which fpeak of it. 2. More particularly, 
 pointing at the ipecial graces which were required, and were 
 found eminently in our Mediator. 
 
 Ad 1. of his Unction in general, whereby the Godhead 
 made the Manhead full of himfelf , and of all the commu- 
 nic ole graces and gifts of the Spirit, to fit him for the 
 work of a Mediator. 
 
 The Scripture-phrafes concerning this unction, or fitnefs 
 and furniture of Chrift for his Mediatorfhip, are exceeding 
 large and comprehenfive, Pfal.45.2, 7, Thou art fairer than 
 
 the children of men : grace is poured into thy lips thy God 
 
 hath anointed thee with the oyl of gladnefs above -thy fellows. 
 There his unction with the Holy Ghoft, and graces of the 
 Spirit, compared to oyl (which in regard of its nature re- 
 frefheth and maketh fit for ufe •, and in regard of its ufe^ 
 was imployed for figuring and figniiying mens fitnefs for the 
 calling), is extolled comparatively , comparing it with the 
 unction of believers •, a large efrufion of the Spirit was upon 
 him after an extraordinary meafure and manner, John 3.34, 
 For God giveth not the fpirit by meafure unto him : how then? 
 
 without 
 
22 Of the Mediators VnHion Chap. XIV. 
 
 without meafilrc: i.e. mod abundantly: the like phrafe fee 
 Ezra 7. 22, And fait, without prefer thing how much. Chrifl 
 did receive the gifts of the Spirit in iuch abundant rneafure, 
 that he might have an overflowing rneafure in him, that 
 fhould run over, and fill all his members, Joh. 1.14,16, fall 
 of grace and truth. And of his fulnefs have all we received, 
 and grace for grace. 1 Job. 2. 27, "But the anointing that ye 
 have received of him, abideth in you : and ye need not that any 
 man fetch you, &c. Eph. 4. 7, But unto every one of us is given 
 grace, according to the rneafure of the gift of Chrifl. And 1.2 $", 
 The fulnefs of him that filleth all in all. Acts 10. 38, He is 
 laid to be anointed with the holy Ghoft and with power , ha- 
 ving both fvv&iMv and \%**ittp , given to him , both might 
 and authority, Mat. 28. 18, All power is given unto me in 
 heaven and in earth. Joh. 17.2, As thou haft given him power 
 over all flefli. 1 Cor- I. 24, Chrifl the power of God, and the 
 wifdom of God. A r id Col. 1. 19, It pie a fed the Father that in 
 him ftwuld all fulnefs dwell : that is , admirable perfection of 
 Grace *, he hath all worth in his peribn, nothing is wanting 
 in him that may compleat his peoples happinefs : fome fhort 
 view of the Graces wherewith he was filled, we have J fa. 
 1 1. 2, 3,4, 5, And the fpirit of the Lord ftiall reft upon him, 
 the fpirit of wifdom and under ft anding , the fpirit of counfel 
 and might, the fpirit of knowledg, and of the fear of the Lord: 
 And ftiall mak? him of quicks under ft anding in the fear of the 
 Lord: and he ftiall notjudg after the fight of his eyes, nei- 
 ther ft) all reprove after the hearing of his ears : But with 
 right eoufnefs ftoall he ]udg the poor, and reprove with equity for 
 the meek^ of the earth : and he ftoall fmite the earth with the 
 rod of his month •, and with the breath of his lips ftiall he flay 
 the wicked. And right eoufnefs jhall be the girdle of his loins, 
 and faithfidnefs the girdle of his reins. Rom. 15. 12, And 
 again Efaias faith , There ftiall be a root of Jeffe ^ and he 
 that ftiall rife to reign over the Gentiles, in him ftoall the Gen- 
 tiles truft. And Col . 2 .3 , AH the treafures of wifdom and know' 
 ledg -, not abfolutely taken for infinite knowledg, as the words 
 relate to the human nature of Chrifl: *, 'but relatively, for a 
 marvellous height of perfection of thefe things, iuch as was 
 requifite for his Mediatorfhip in order to our ialvation. A- 
 gain, Col. 2. 9, it's laid of him, The fulnefs of the Godhead 
 
 dwells 
 
Chap. XIV. gxtlifyiK&fifi that Work 2 2 3 
 
 dwells in him bodily , i. e. per/anally, by the union of the di- 
 vine nature with the human, in the unity of his ptrfoti, 
 the per feci: Deity of the San, with all his Attributes ( and 
 not only in regard of particular gifts and graces, as he dwel- 
 leth in the Prophets and Saints), but as the foul dwelletb 
 in the body, perfonally, or fubft ami ally, in oppofition to the 
 fhadows of the Old Teftament. 
 
 But mainly, by the anointing of Chrift with the Holy 
 Ghoft, we underftand two things, which we find joined with, 
 the Spirit promifed to him: 1. All the Gifts and Graces 
 of the Spirit in copious an;l abundant m:afure > and accor- 
 ding to the highell pitch and degree that the human na- 
 ture of Chrift was capable to receive*, and fo the Spirit put 
 upon him, is joined with the variety and eminency of excel- 
 celleat gifts, Ifa. it. 2, &c. 2. Tne unutterable aiTi.tance 
 and pretence of the Spirit, bearift;* his Himan nature up in 
 all that he was to do as Mediator, that he fhouldnotierve 
 on his 07/n charges: See J fa. 42. 1, 2, Behold my fervani 
 whom I have chofen : mine cleft, in whom my fopd delight eth. 
 I h*~e put my fplrit upon him : he (lia'l bring forth judgment 
 to the Gentiles : He jhall not cry, nor lift up , nor caafe his 
 voice to be heard in the ftycet, &:. Pial.8p.21, With whom my 
 hand fisJl be eftablified : mine arm alfo flail (Irengthen hiwk 
 And both theie the holy Hainan nature of Chrifl needed, 
 for theie reaibns: 1. For the things which he was to fuf- 
 fer : If Chrift had nothing to do bu* active obedience, the 
 fpirit of Adan> or confirmed Angels, might have done his . 
 turn : but he had another work to do (which would have 
 crufhed thofe excellent creatures ) to latisfie juftice, and lye 
 under the infinite wrath of God, and therefore needed mors 
 than they received, Heb. 9. 14, He is faid to have offered up 
 himfeif, by the power of the eternal fpirit , which I take to fignifie, 
 not only the Godhead which gave value to his fuffering, but 
 theaiTidanceoftheHoly-Ghodjwh^reoy he was marvelloufly 
 helped (I mean his humane nature) to go through thofe 
 fiafferings. 2. Eecaufe his anointing was intended to run 
 over to his people, and the off fallings of it was defigned 
 to fill them*, therefore it behoved to be without meafure ♦, 
 fuch a .meafure as cannot be comprehended by any other 
 creature, J ah. 1. 16, Of his. falnefs do> we receive* Efklvi$& 
 
 2, h 
 
2 2 ± °f the Mediators VnBion Chap. XIII, 
 
 2, It is like the precious oyntment upon the head, that ran down 
 upon the beard, even Aarons beard, that went down to the 
 skirts of his garments. Pial. 68. 18, Thou haft a fc ended on 
 high-, thou haft led captivity captive , thou haft received gifts 
 for men ; yea, fir the rebellious alfo, that the Lord might dwell 
 among them : with Eph. 4. 8, He led captivity captive, and gave 
 gifts unto men. Joh. 5. 26, For as the Father hath life in him- 
 jelf, fo hath he given to the Son to have life in himfelf. ^ Be- 
 caufe God hath fo contrived the bufmeis of Grace, that no 
 created thing can aft without the fpirit : not Adam , not 
 the Angels, not the holy humane nature ofChriit j that all 
 creatures might be known to have no felffufficiency, but 
 to be very depending things upon God, and upon grace, 
 the aflifting-grace of his Spirit, that framed them, and gave 
 them being, Mat. 5.15, And Jefus anjwering, faid unto him^ 
 Suffer it to be fo now, for thus it becometh us to fulfil all 
 righteoufnefs. Rom. 11. $6, For of him, and through him^ 
 and to him are all things, to whom be glory for ever. 
 
 For a further clearing of this part of Chrifts Un&ion, 
 I lay clown thefe four Pofitions : 
 
 1. Concerning the Nature thereof, that it was the fame 
 with the lln&ion of believers •, it was not one fpirit which 
 Chrift received, and another which believers receive : grace 
 in him, and in them, differ not in kind, but in degrees : See 
 Joh. 1. 14, 16, And the word was made fiejh, and dwelt among 
 us, aud we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten 
 of the Father, full of grace and truth. And of his fulnefs 
 have all we received, and grace for grace, pfal. 45. 7, Thy 
 God hath anointed thee with the oyl of gladnefs above thy fel- 
 lows. Gal. 4. 6, And becaufe ye are fons, God hath fent forth 
 the fpirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba Father. 
 Rom^ 8. 9, 11, But ye are not in the fleflj, but in the fpirit, 
 if fo be that the fpirit of God dwell in you. Now if any 
 man have not the fpirit of Chrift, he is none of his." — But 
 if the fpirit of him that raifed up Jefus from the dead dwell 
 in you, he that raifed up Chrift from the dead, jhall alfo quick: 
 en your mortal bodies, by his fpirit that dwelleth in you. For, 
 Confider the Unftion of the humane Nature of Chrift, 
 1. It was Created- grace wherewith he was anointed* it was 
 grace given upon the one part, and received upon the other : 
 
 it 
 
Chap. XIV. Qualifying for that Wor\ 2 3 5 
 
 it was grace poured out and infufed in the fame manner as 
 believers receive grace, Ffal.dZ. 18, Thou baft received gifts 
 for men , yea, for the rebellious alfo,that the Lord might dwell 
 among them. Pial.45.2,7, Grace is pouredinto thy lips, therefore 
 bath God blc {fed thee for ever. Thou love ft righteo'ufnefs,and ha- 
 teft wickednefs, therefore God,thy God, hath anointed thee with oyl 
 ofgladnefs above thy fellows^ 2 . 1 1 was grace, which being finite, 
 did receive encreaie, Lukj 2.40, 52, And the child grew , and 
 W axe d ftr ongin fpirtt filled with wifdom,and the grace cfGod was 
 upon him. And jefus cncrcafcd in wifdom and fixture, and in 
 favour with God and man ; as all his members do, JEph. 4, 1 3, 
 Till all we come in the unity of the faith , and ofthehnowledg of the 
 Son of Gad, unto a per fell: man, unto the meafure of the flat ure of 
 the fulnefs of Chrift. 5. It mud needs be of the lame k induc- 
 ing our grace and Unclion is part of his fulnefs, Job. 1 . 1 6, And 
 of his fulnefs have all we received and grace for grace. 1 Joh. 2 . 
 20,27, But ) e have an Hnfhionfrom the holy one.- -But the anoint- 
 ing which you have received of him, abideth in you. Yet fo, as 
 Chrift is not degraded from his Soveraignty by his partners ex- 
 altation, Col. 1.18, And be is the head of the body, the Church \ 
 who is the beginning, the firft-born from the dead, that in all 
 things he might have the preheminence. 
 
 2. Concerning the meafure of Chrifts Unclion : although 
 his Unclion differ not in kind from the Unclion of belie- 
 vers ; yet the meafure of it fo far exceeds our meafure, that 
 in refpeft thereof it is without meafure, and yet the hu- 
 mane Nature of Chrift had not infinite grace *, for thereof 
 it was not capable : it is as the Ocean compared with the 
 drop of a Bucket ^ the fpirit and grace was in him as water 
 in the Fountain •, in us, as water in the Cittern; communi- 
 cation in regard of Chrift, is full and immediate \ grace is 
 in him as the money in the treafure, which is disburfed to 
 us according to our need •, grace is in him as life and fenfe 
 is eminently in the heart and head, which is diffufed into 
 his members, Job. 5.26, For as the Father hath life in him- 
 felf, fo hath he given to the Son to have life in himfelf Chap. 
 6, v. 57, As the living Father hath fent me, and I live by the 
 Father : fo he that eateth me, even he floall live by me. Pfal^* 
 45.2,7, Thou art fairer than the children of men, grace jfa 
 
 poured into thy lips. God y thy God, bath anointed thee wi/fr? 
 
 F f the 
 
72 6 Of the Mediators Vnttion Chap. XIV. 
 
 the oyl of gladnefs above thy fellows. Col. i. iS, And he is 
 the head of the body, the Churchy who is the beginning, the fir ft- 
 born from the dead, that in all things he might have the pre* 
 heminence. 
 
 1. Concerning the time of Chrifts Un&ion : whether he 
 received the fpirit without meafure, in that copious abundant 
 effufion, from the womb, and firft moment of his conception: 
 We fay he was anointed even from the firft union of his two 
 Natures in his perfon ; the Godhead did fan&ifie the huname 
 Nature, and make it holy, undefiled *, and irifufed all graces, 
 as appears from L#^.i. $5, 7 her fore alfo that holy thing which 
 pall be born of thee, fhall be called the Son of God. Heb. 7. 
 26, For fitch an High-prieft became us, who is holy, harmlefs, 
 undefiled, feparate from (inners, and made higher than the 
 heaven \ And from the glorious effe&s thereof,which did early 
 appear in him, Luk.2. 42, to 49. Yet fo, as he did more 
 fully receive the. anointing, and the fpirit without meafure, 
 when he was to appear publickly, in the entire executing of 
 his Offices, which was about the thirtieth year of his age, 
 Luk. 5. i\, with 4. 1, 22, And Jefus being full of the Holy- 
 Ghofi, &c — And all bare him witnefs, and wondred at the 
 gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. Which was 
 typified in Davids being twice anointed, once when he was 
 firft defigned King, 1 Sam. 16.13. And again, when he 
 was inverted in the prefence of the people, 2 Sam. 2. 4. 
 Which was alfo held forth in the vifible ftgn of the Holy- 
 Ghoft, his defcending upon him at his baptifm, Mat. 3. \6„ 
 And was intimated to John before-hand, Joh. 1. $ $, 34, And 
 I krtew him not : but he that fent me to baptise with water, the 
 fame faid unto me , Vpon whom thou fhalt fee the fpirit 
 defcending and remaining on him, the fame is he which bapti- 
 z.eth with the Holy-Ghoft, And I faw, and bare record, that 
 this is the Son of God, i.e. That he who as man fhould re- 
 ceive the fpirit, fhould alfo as God, yea* as Mediator, give 
 the fpirit to others. 
 
 4. Concerning the extent of his Un&ion, as it reacheth 
 unto all the parts of his Mediatorftlip, and the furnifhing him 
 for them. J. He was anointed to be a Prophet, furnifhed 
 With a dexterity to preach the Gofpel, Luk. 4. 18, 19, 22, 
 Tfk Spirit of the Lord is upon me^ becaitfe he hath anointed me 
 
 to 
 
Chap. XIV. Qualifying for that Work' 227 
 
 to preach the Go/pel to the poor, he hath fent me to heal the 
 broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and re- 
 covering of fight to the blind : to fet at liberty them that are 
 
 bruifed : to preach the acceptable year of the Lord. And all 
 
 bare him witnefs, and wondred at the gracious words which 
 proceeded out of his mouth. Ha. 50.4, The Lord hath given me 
 the tongue of the learned, that I fliould know how to fpeak^ a 
 Word in feafon to him that is weary. Mat. 7. 28, 2q, And it 
 came to pafs when Jefus had ended thefe fayings, the people 
 were aftoniftied at his dotlrine. For he taught them as one 
 having authority, and not as the Scribes. Joh.6.6$, The words 
 that I fpeak^unto you, they are fpirit, and they are life. Yea, 
 he was not only furnifhed with a fpirit for that calling, 
 but alio for prompting others, and fitting them for it, Bfh. 
 
 4. 8, ii, And gave gifts unto men. And he gave fome A- 
 
 poftles, and fome Prophets, and fome Evangc lifts, and fome T a- 
 ftors, and fome Teachers. 2. He was anointed ( not only 
 called, but furnifhed) for his Prieftly Office, for both the 
 parts thereof furnifhed by the Spirit, wherewith he was 
 anointed, both for offering his Sacrifice, and for making his 
 interceflion, Heb.g. 14, Who through the eternal fpirit offered 
 him f elf without fpot to God. Chap. 5. v. 7, Who in the days of 
 his fie jh, when he had offered up prayers and fupplications, with 
 flrong crying and tears, &c. 3. He was anointed, and fur- 
 nifhed for his Kingly Office, with a fpirit, and gifts for 
 Government *, for -conquering his enemies, and for ruling his 
 people, Pfal. 45. 3,4,5, Gird thy fword upon thy thigh, O mo ft 
 Mighty, with thy glory and thy Majefty. And in thy Ma- 
 ys fty ride profperoufty, becaufe of truth, and meeknefs, and 
 righteoufnefs : and thy right hand ftiall teach thee terrible things. 
 Thine arrows are fharp in the heart of the kings enemies, 
 whereby the people fall under thee. Ifa. 11. 2, And the fpirit of 
 the Lord fh all reft upon him, the fpirit of wifdom and under- * 
 ftanding, the fpirit of counfel and might, the fpirit of know- 
 ledg, and of the fear of the Lord, &c. > 
 
 Vfe 1. Behold, how well furnifhed our Mediator is fet 
 out for his work : there is a fulnefs in him to meet with 
 all our emptinefs v yea, his fulnefs was given to him for this 
 very end , that fmners which cannot come where the fulnefs 
 of God lieth, to receive from him immediately, may receive 
 it out of Chrifts fulnefs. F f 2 Confider 
 
22 3 Of the Mediators Vn8ion,tkc. Chap. XIV. 
 
 Confider then, I fay, i. What a fulnefs is in him, whas 
 a running-over Unction he received •, this is a work above 
 us , and matter beyond our expreffion , wherein we may 
 more eafily loie our fetves, even in this depth, than expreis 
 our felves: by this thftion he is full of God, Col. 2. o, For 
 in him dwelletb all the fulnefs of the Godhead bodily. Full 
 of the fpirit,the Holy-Ghort, Lu^. 1, And j/fus being 
 fall of the Holy-Ghoft, full of grace and truth. Joh. 11.4, Full 
 of light and of life. Joh. 1.4, In him was. life, and the life, 
 was the light of men, &c. Full of faving grace, and ftnclified 
 gifts,'//*! 11. 2, And the fork of the Lord flail reft upon 
 him, &c. 
 
 2. Confider for what end all this fulnefs was given unto 
 him : he was full of the lpirit, that he might fill us with 
 his lpirit, Joh- 16. 7, Neverthelefs I tell yon the truth, it is 
 expedient for you that I go away : for if I go not away, the 
 comforter will not come unto you ; but if I depart, I will fend 
 him unto you. Eph. $. 19, That ye might be filled with all 
 the fulnefs of God. He was full of grace, that we might re- 
 ceive of his fulnefs, Joh. 1. 16- That his Unclion might run 
 down upon us, 1 Joh. 2. 27, But the anointing which ye havo 
 received of him, abideth in you, and ye need not that any man 
 teach you. That his grace might work^ mightily in us, Cok 
 1 . laft. He received gifts for our ufe, to give them to men, 
 to the word of men, even to the rebellious, gifts to be meafured 
 out again, Pfal.6%; 18, with Chap. 4. v.S. 
 
 Vfe 2, Let his fulnefs and compleat Unction be improved, 
 1. For convincing luch as continue fo empty, when Chrift: 
 isfo full ? Ah, that wefhouldbe fo poor, when Chrift is fo 
 rich ! when we have fo -full an anointed one, that wefhould 
 never tafte of his Un&ion ! fome have nothing, and fome 
 have little •, but very few are filled with the fulnefs of 
 Chrift, and made to run over with his Unclion: the fault 
 is in us that he is fo wet , and we are £b dry , John 
 5. 40, Ah & ye will not come tOx me, that ye- might have 
 life. 
 
 2. For alluring and gaining the hearts of empty creatures. 
 Things allure, as there is much of precious furniture in them : 
 but this is fad , when God hath anointed Chrift with the 
 Spirit above meafure : that empty creatures care nothing for 
 
 him, 
 
Chap. XV. Of the Requifites > Sec. 229 
 
 him, that his fulneis and furniture is propounded and of- 
 fered every day in the Goipel , and we are not allured by 
 it. Song' I. $, Becaufe of the favour of thy good ointment s> 
 thy name is as ointment poured forth, therefore the virgins love 
 thee. 
 
 5. For comforting believers : all this fulneis of the Spirit* 
 of gifts and graces wherewith Chrift was anointed , it is 
 yours: it was not only for your ule, but it is your proper- 
 ty. 1 Cor. 3.22,23, All are yours, and ye are Chrifts, and 
 Chrift is Gods : You may ufe it as your own \ you may 
 come to the Fountain, to the Treaiure , to the ftore-houie 
 of Chrifts fulnefs, when you will: you may comfortably and 
 confidently hold up your Citterns, till they be filled and 
 run over, I fa. 12. 3, Therefore with joy JJjall ye draw water 
 out of the wells of Salvation. Phil. 4. 18, 19, But I have all, 
 and abound : I am full — Bit my God full fupply all your needy 
 according to his riches in glory by Jefus Chrifi. 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 
 Qf the Requifites in a Mediatory which are- 
 eminently to be found in Chrift the Mediae 
 tor of the New Covenant. 
 
 IN the next place, I come to fpeak more particularly of 
 this part of Chrifts "Lh&ion, or his Furniture for the work 
 of Mediatorfhip, by laying open the Requifites in a Media- 
 tor, which are all eminently to be found in Chrift, and 
 may be reckoned as fo many properties or qualifications in 
 the Mediator of the New Covenant. 
 
 The Requifites in a Mediator or Reconciler, that dealeth 
 betwixt two parties, are of two forts : 1: Some Requifites 
 which more dire&ty relate to the qualifying a peribn for 
 fuch an Employment. 2. There be other Requifites which 
 look more dire&ly to the managing of that truft : both the 
 
 one 
 
5o Of the Requifitei Chap. XV. 
 
 one and the other are eminently to be found in Chrift. 
 
 And i. Of the Requifites fitting, a Perfon for this truft: 
 i. A Mediator muft be fuch a Perfon that hath Inter e ft in 
 both the parties, elfe he fhould be fufpe&ed either by one 
 party or other : yea , his interpofing fhould not be admit- 
 ted of by the parties, without this Requifite: Chrift hath 
 this Requifite mod: eminently j he is fuch a Perfon who is 
 not only of Kindred to both parties, but by that rare con- 
 junction of the two Natures in his Perfon, who is God man , 
 he is equally diftant from, and drawing near to both par- 
 ties ('whereof I fpoke before when I treated of the Union 
 of the two Natures : and therefore will not infift here). 
 
 2. A Mediator muft be a Perfon trufied by both parties: 
 one to w T hom they can confidently intruft their Interefts : 
 fuch a perfon is Chrift , to whom God hath entrufted and 
 committed whatfoever relateth to his Honour and Intereft: 
 John 5. 22,27, For the Father judgeth no man y but hath com- 
 mitted all judgment to the Son — And hath given him authority 
 to execute judgment alfo, becaufe he is the Son of man. He is a 
 Perfon, a Truftee, to whom we may commit all our In- 
 terefts : yea, Believers have done lb , and will do fo, 1 Pet. 
 4. Iy, Commit the keeping of your fouls to him in well doing, 
 as unto a faithful Creator, 2 Tim. 1 . 1 2, And I am perfwa- 
 ded, that he is able to ks^p that which I have committed unto 
 him, againfl that day : Yea, he is the perfon to whom our 
 Interefts were committed by God before we were born, 
 and before we were capable to difpofe of our own interefts. 
 When we were Minors, yea before we were, John 17. 6, 
 Thine they were, and thou gavefl them me, and they have kept 
 thy word* 
 
 I. A Mediator muft be a Perfon which is wetl-ajfettedto, 
 and which feeketh the welfare of both parties : one who 
 dc fires their union and agreement , ejfe he were not fit to 
 deal betwixt them : fuch a perfon is Jefus the Mediator of 
 the New Covenant*, one who defireth and endeavoureth 
 Gods honour and our happinefs *, one who carrieth on his 
 Fathers Honour in the promoting of our happinefs*, and 
 one who carrieth on our happinefs in fuch way as may 
 moft highly advance his Fathers Honour : one who is mar- 
 velloufly affefted to the union of the difagreeing parties : 
 
 John- 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. ^j 
 
 JohnZ.^9, But 1 honour my father, and ye do diftonour me : 
 with Tit. 2. 14, Who gave him [elf for its, that he might re- 
 deem m from all iniquity , and purifie unto himfelf a peculiar 
 people, zealous of good works. 2 Cor. 5. 19, God was inChrifl 
 reconciling the world unto himfelf. 
 
 4. A Mediator mud be a Perfon which hath power over 
 both the parties : one that may determine the difference, 
 and engage the parties to ftand to the decifion : one that 
 can lay his hands on both, Job 9. $). Such a perfon is 
 Chrift, who hath power with God, being his only Natural 
 Son, Matth. $. 17, This is my beloved Son , in whom I am 
 well-pleafed. John 1 1. 41, 42, Father, J than^thee that thou 
 haft heard me; and I know that thou hear eft me always. And 
 a perfon who hath power with us, can draw us alter him, 
 and make us do what he will. John xz. 52, Andl, if I be 
 lifted up from the earthy will draw all men nnto me. PiaK 1 ip. 
 
 35, Make me to go in the path-ef thy (fommandments. Ezek. 
 
 36. 27, And I Will put my fpirit within yon , and can fe yow- 
 to walk^in my ftatutes : and ye jliali keep my judgments, and; 
 do them. 
 
 2. There are other Requifkes, which relate more direct- 
 ly to the managing fucha work. And i. A Mediator mult 
 be a condefcending Perfon^ which can humble himfelf, and bow, 
 for the compaffing an union betwixt the parties : Ghrift is 
 
 fuch a Perfon. Zech.g. 9, Behold, thy king cotneth he i* 
 
 lowly- A condefcending Mediator , whole condefcenftons 
 were eminent. 1. He {hewed himfelf very condefcending 
 in taking on the Office of a Mediator. In this he bowed 
 himfelf, andftooped very low: he came off the Throne, and 
 left it, to take on a fervice , Phil. 2. 6, 7, 8, Who being in 
 the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God' r 
 but made himfelf of no reputation , and took^upon him the form- 
 of a fervant, and was made in the likenefs of men : And be- 
 ing found in fajhon as a mm, he huMed himfelf, and became 
 obedient unto death, even the death of the crofs. 2. G3nde- 
 fcending to take on the duties of that Office : he became a 
 fervant to both parties, that he might make peace betwixt 
 them. I fa. 42. 1 , Behold, my fervant whom I uphold , mine 
 eletl in whom my foul delighteth. Ver. 53. II, By his know- 
 ledg fall my righteous fervant juftifie many, for he ftiall bear 
 
 their 
 
Of the Kequiptes Chap. XIV. 
 
 thtir iniquity. Matt. 2D. 28 , Even as the Son of man came 
 not to be minifired unto, but to minifter , and to give his life 
 a ranfomfor many* 3. Condeicending in his way of going 
 about that Office, and the things pertaining to it : conde- 
 icending to the weakeft and lowed condition of his people, 
 and (hewing his dealings accordingly. I fa. 42. 2, $, He 
 jljall not cry, nor lift , nor caufe his voice to be heard in the 
 fflreet •, a bruifed reed Jhall he mt breaks And 40. 1 1, He 
 fiall feed his flock, like a fiepherd , he jhall gather the lambs 
 with his arms-, and fliall gather them in his bofom y and fiall 
 gently lead thofe that are with young. Ezek. 34. 16, J will 
 feek^ that which was loft, and bring again that which was dri- 
 ven away : and I will bind up that which was broken , and 
 will ftrengthen that which was fick^ 4. Condescending 
 in all his carriage : not ieeking his own honour , nor affe- 
 cting popularity, but doing his greateft works with little 
 noiie, and bidding tell no man of them. John 6. 15, When 
 Jeftis therefore perceived that they would come and take him by 
 force to mak^e him a king , he departed again into a mountain 
 him felf alone. Mat. 12. 18, 1 9, Behold my fervant whom 1 
 have chofen , mine eleel in whom my foul is well-pleafed *, / 
 Will put my fpirit upon him, and he fiall flew judgment to the 
 Gentiles : he fiall not ftrive nor cry , neither fliall any man 
 hear his voice in the ftreets. And 8.. 4, And Jcfus faith un- 
 ts> him y See thou tell np man. 
 
 2, A Mediator in carrying his bufinefs, muft be mollify- 
 ,ipg, to bring the parties from rigour and high courfes and 
 conditions, to abate for peace and union-lake. This did 
 eminently fhine forth in Chrift •, he was a mollifying Media- 
 tor*, for 1. -He brought God down, and took him off high 
 demands of Law : 1 . Inftead of ; perfonal iat-isfa&ion from 
 Sinners , to accept of fatisfattion in the perfon of another, 
 to wit, Chrift our Surety, who was made a curfe for «/,Gal. 
 3. 1 3. Ilk 53-8, For .the tranfgreffions of mp people was 
 he ftricken. 2. In place of an inherent righteoufnefs, to ac- 
 cept an imputed Righteoufnefs, 1 Cor. 1. $0, But of him 
 are ye in Chrift Jefus , who of God is made unto us wifdom, 
 and right eoufnefs, and fantlification^ and redemption. $. In- 
 ftead of a perfect obedience from man , to accept his poor 
 endeavours after perfection , and to pardon (hort-comings 
 
 in 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. 333 
 
 in duty :, to accept a perfection of fmcerity , where, he re-, 
 quires the rigour of perfection, 2 Cor. 8. 12, For if there 
 be firft a willing mind y it is accepted according to that a man 
 hath, and not according to that he hath not. 2Chron. 30. 18, 
 19, The good Lord pardon every one that prepareth his' heart 
 to feei^ Gody the Lord God of his fathers , though he be not 
 clean fed according to the purification of the Sanctuary. 
 
 2. He hath brought up man in his own body , to come 
 nearer to God, and to leave the terms whereupon he flood 
 at odds with God before: 1. By quitting his own righ- 
 teoufnefs, and his feeking to eftablifh it, Rom, 10. 3 : to 
 fubmit to the righteoufnefs of God, and to the way of Jufti- 
 fic^tion by a free-gifted righteoufnefs, Rom. 3. 24, Being 
 juftified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in 
 Jefm Chrifi y Sic 2 Cor. 9. 1 3, Whiles by the experiment of 
 this mimfiration they glorifie God for your profeffed fubjetli- 
 on unto the Gofpel of Chrifi. 2. lnftead of peribnal fatisfa- 
 ftion, to offer to God fatisfa&ion in the perfon of another, 
 to prefent Chrift to God, 2 Cor. 5. laft, For he hath made 
 him to be fin for m who knew no fin, that we might be made 
 the righteoufnefs of God in him, 1 Tim. 2. 6, Who gave him- 
 felf a ranfom for all, to be teftified in due time. 3 . lnftead of 
 that extream undutifulnefs and averfnefs to yield any obe- 
 dience to God , to offer to God his utmoft endeavours of 
 obedience and iervice , and not to think God his debtor 
 when he hath fo done. 2 Cor. %. 15, And that he died 
 for all, that they which live, Jhould not henceforth live to 
 them f elves , but to him which died for 'them, and rofe a* 
 gain. 
 
 3. A Mediator muft be affable, one to whom both par- 
 ties may freely tell their mind, and have accefs to do fo. 
 Chrifi is an affable Mediator , a Perfon who courteoufly 
 and kindly entertaineth both the parties in whatibever they 
 will employ him ', and this for the unions-fake , that he 
 may make them one. 1. He is affable to both parties, for 
 he hath Gods heart , and a mans heart. 
 
 1. Chrift is an affable Mediator, in refpeft of his Father, the 
 offended party : and no wonder, for he dwelleth in his bofom, 
 Joh. 1. 18. He doth kindly entertain and receive his propo- 
 rtions, John 6. 38, 39, For I came down from hsaven, not to 
 
 H h do 
 
234 Of the Requires Chap. XV. 
 
 do mine own will, but the will of him that fent me : And this 
 is the fathers will that hath fent me y &c. 2. He is an af- 
 fable Mediator' in refpeft of the offending-party : one who 
 kindly and courteoufly receiveth and etertaineth the worft 
 of finners that ever employed him : His carriage while he 
 was here on earth, did throughly bear witnefs of this be- 
 fore his death, and after his refurre&ion ; whereby he gave 
 a proof how he would carry to us when he fbould be in 
 glory, being then in the way and firft ftep to it. O, how 
 affable was he then! Luke 24. Johmo, and 21 Chapters. 
 And how affable is he flill now, when he is let down on the 
 right hand of Majefty ! Joh. 16. 25, 26, 27, The time cometh 
 when J Jhall no more fpeak^ unto yon in Proverbs , but I Jhall 
 fhew you plainly of the Father. — At that day ye jh all asf^ i n 
 my name : and 1 fay not unto you, that I will pray the Father 
 for you, for the Father himfelf loveth yon. Heb. 2. 17, That 
 he might be a merciful High-priefi in things pertaining to 
 God. And 5. 2, Who can have compaffion on the ignorant, and 
 on them that are out of 'the^way , for that he himfelf alfo is 
 compared with infirmities. 
 
 2. He is affable to Juftice and Mercy both , [thefe two 
 Attributes in God which were to be eminently glorified in 
 our Salvation : 1. He is affable to Juftice, ready always 
 to fpeak with Juftice, and to fatisfie it with a Ranfom and 
 Price , Heb. I 2. 2^, And to Jefus the Mediator of the new 
 Covenant, and to the blood of fprinkling, that fpeaieth better 
 things than that of Abel. 2. He is affable to Mercy and 
 Grace, and ready always to fatisfie Mercy by entreaties, 
 even for the thing which he hath bought, Heb. 7. 25, See- 
 ing he ever liveth to make inter cejfion for them : Yea , he 
 pleads in our name with both thefe Attributes in God, by 
 virtue of his fatisfaftion and inter cefTion, Heb. 9. 24, For 
 Chrift is. not entredinto the holy places made with hands, which 
 are the figures of the true : but into heaven it felf, now to ap- 
 pear in the pre fence of God for us* 
 
 4. A Mediator muft be meef^ and long- faff ering for the 
 Unions- fake, to bear with both the parties, although they 
 fhould finite him, and be angry with him : Chrift is fuch a 
 Mediator, Matth. 21. 5, Tell the daughter of Zion y behold r 
 thy king cometh nntQ thee, meek^ and fitting upon an afs, and 
 
 a colt, 
 
Chap. XV. in a. Mediator* 235 
 
 a colt y the foal of an afs. And 11.29, I am meek^ and low- 
 ly in heart. Mofes in his Mediation was a type of him, 
 Numb. 12. 3, New the man Mofes was very mee\^ above all 
 the men that were upon the face of the earth. O io meek a 
 Mediator as Chrift is ! 1 . He endured his Fathers anger 
 and wrath for our fake, and was fmitten by him, J fa. 
 5 3. 10, Tet it pie a fed the Lord to bruife him , he hath put 
 him to grief : Rom. 8. 32, He that fpared not his own Son, 
 but delivered him up for us all. 2. He endured our anger 
 alfo ; he was imitten by the other party, by his own , for 
 whole lake he was content to be fmitten of his Father, Mat. 
 ' 21.38, But when the husbandmen f aw the Son , they J aid a- 
 mong themfelves, This is the heir, let us kill him, and let us 
 feiz*e on his Inheritance. I fa. 53. 3, He is dejpifed and re- 
 plied of men : a man of for rows and acquainted with grief , 
 and we hid as it were our faces from him •, he was defpifed, 
 and we efleemed him not : And when he was imitten by both 
 parties at once, and endured the wrath and difplealure of 
 both at the fame time, yet he carried as a meek Mediator, 
 who did bear all for. the Unions-fake, that he might make 
 peace, J fa. 5?. 7, He was oppreffed , and he was afflicted, 
 yet he opened not his mouth : he is brought as a lamb to the 
 f aught er, and as a Jheep before her fliearers is dumb , fo he 
 opened not his mouth: with 1 Pet 2.23, Who, when he was 
 reviled j reviled not again *, when he fuffered, he threatnednot, 
 but committed him J elf to him that judgeth right eoufly. He 
 went through all the bufinefs with little clamour, noife or 
 complaint, Matth. 12. 17, 18, 19. 
 
 5. A Mediator muft be merciful and tender-hearted, one 
 that hath bewels to pity the unreconciled flate of the offen- 
 der: Chrift is eminently iuch a Peribn. 1. One who hath 
 conjoyned in his perfon the heart of God, and the heart of 
 a man : the infinite mercy of God , and the kindly com- 
 panion of an experienced man *, who in his Humane nature 
 hath felt our afflictions and temptations, Heb. 2. 17, 18, 
 Wherefore in $11 things it behoved him to be made like unto 
 his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful High- 
 Trie ft in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for 
 the fins of the people : For in that he himfelf hath fuffered, be* 
 ing tempted-) he is able to fuccour them that are tempted. And 
 
 H h 2 5.2, 
 
Of the Requires Chap. XV, 
 
 5. 1, Who can have companion on the ignorant , and on them 
 that are out of the way : for that he himfelf alfo is compaf 
 fed with infirmity. 2. A Perfon , who in all his dealings 
 hath fhewed himfelf merciful, and hath evidenced his com- 
 panionate difpofition : one that hath fhewed mercy to all 
 that ever came to God through him , and upon all occafi- 
 ons that ever were given him, to (hew himfelf fuch. John 
 
 6. 37, All that the Father giveth me flail come to me: and 
 him that comet h to me , J will in no wife cafi out. Matth. ' 
 1 5. 22 , And hehold a woman of Canaan came out of the 
 
 fame coafis , and cryed unto him , faying , Have mercy on 
 me, O Lord, thou Son of David : my daughter is grievoufly . 
 vexed with a Devil. And 9. 27, And when Jefus departed 
 thence j two blind men followed him, crying and faying, 'thou 
 Son of David have mercy on us. Gne who fhewed mercy, 
 not only upon the matter, but even in the way and man- 
 ner of his dealings with his people : Matth. 12. 20, A 
 bruifed reed fhall he not breaks, and fmoaking flax flail he 
 ■not quench , till he fend forth judgment into viclory. \ And p . v 
 17, Neither do men put new Wine intd old bottles , elfe the 
 bottles breaks, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles. 
 perifl , but they put new wine into new bottles , and both are 
 preferved. One who carryeth compaflionately unto, and is pi- 
 tiful even of the wilful refufers of his mercy , uLuke 19.. 
 41, And when he was come near, he beheld the City, and 
 wept over it, &c. One who was not only pitiful in the days, 
 of his flefh, but hath carryed alfo the fame heart and bow- 
 els of a merciful and companionate Mediator unto heaven 
 with him, Heb.z. 18, For in that he himfelf hath Juffer- 
 cd being tempted, he is able to fuccour them that are tempted. 
 And 4. 15, For we have not an High-priefl which cannot 
 be touched with the feeling of our infirmities : but was in all 
 points tempted like, as we are , yet without fin. 1 John 2. i, 
 And if any man fin, we have an Advocate with the Father, 
 Jefus Chrifl the righteous. 
 
 ,6. A Mediator mud be Totem, and able to compafs his 
 undertaking: Chriftis fuch a Mediator, Pfal.%9, 19, I have 
 late help upon one that is mighty. If a. 9. 6, Mis -name flail be 
 
 tailed the mighty God. He is a potent Mediator, I. In 
 
 ?ec1 cf the power that is in his hands; Coniiderhis abi- 
 lity 
 
Chap. XV.. in a Mediator. 237 
 
 Uty to compafi the work committed unto him, in refpeft of 
 his effential power and kingdom, and in refpeft of his di- 
 fpenfatory power and kingdom, I fa. o. 6, 7, He is able to 
 fave to the Htmoft, perfectly. Heb. 7. 25, He is mighty to 
 fave, lfa.6 3. 1. He is able to fave from fin, and all that 
 is in it, whether guilt, power, or defilement: and from wrath, 
 and all that may follow upon it: he is able to fupply all 
 our wants, and to do for us .exceeding abundantly above 
 ail that rve cau askjr thinks Phil.4.19. Eph. 3.20. And con- 
 fider his ability to perform whatibever he hath undertaken, 
 and. that as well for God to man, as for man to God. He is- . 
 able to do what ever he hath engaged to us on Gods be- 
 half^ to finijh the work^ that he gave him to do, John 17. 
 4,C^c and for this caule he is a King by Covenant, and 
 hath all power in heaven and earth given ~to him, Mat. 28. 
 18. Heb. 10. 12, But this man after he had offered one [a- 
 crifice for fins, for evi'r fate down on the right hand of God. 
 Chap. 8.-Z/. 1, Now of the things which we have fpoken, this 
 is the f am, We have fuch an Htgh-prieft who is fet 6n the right 
 hand , of the throne of the Ma]efty in the heaven. Eph. 1 . 20. 2 1 , 
 22, And fet him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, 
 far above all principality, and power, and might, and domini- 
 on, and every name that is named, not only in this worlds but 
 alfo in that which is to come. And hath put all things under 
 his feet, and given him to be head over all things to the 
 Church. 2. He is a potent Mediator in refpeft of the trufl: 
 and delegation of power given to him, for fetling and remo- 
 ving the difference hetwixt the parties : the arbitration being 
 rendred up to him to determine and lay his hands on both, Joh. 
 5.22, For the Father judgeth no man^but hath committed all judg- 
 ment to the Son. This is a great power that is put in Chrifts 
 hands, that he (hall order the fatisfaclion that fnall be given, io 
 as to bring about the giving of itupon the one part,and the 
 acceptation of it upon the other part, Joh. 10. 17, 1 8, Therefore 
 doth my Father love.me, becaufe I lay down my life, that J might 
 take it again. ~-—L have power to lay it down, and I have pow- 
 er to take it again. Chap. 17.1/. 2, As thou haft given him pow- 
 er over, all fief), that he Jhould give eternal life to as many as 
 thou haft given him. 3. In reipect of the powerful intereft 
 he hath with both the parties, i,,With God his Father 
 
 with 
 
238 Of the Requifites Chap. XV. 
 
 with whom he is very gracious, and hath power with him 
 to procure his acceptance of Such Satisfa&ion as he offer- 
 eth, Mat. 3. ,17, This is my beloved Son in whom I am weE 
 pleafed. And to obtain from him whatsoever he defireth 
 for the believer of the other party, Joh. n.42, AndTVnew 
 that thou hearefi me always. Chap. 17.^. 24, Father, J will 
 that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be with me where J 
 am. 2. He hath a powerful intereft with man, to make 
 him offer the fatisfaftion which his Father is content to ac- 
 cept. To make him fab jell his confent to the Gofpel, 2 Cor. 
 9. 1 $. Joh. 12. i2, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, 
 will draw all men unto me. And to make him walk in that 
 way which may pleafe his Father, £^^36.27, I will put 
 my fpirit in you, and caufe you to walk^ in my ftatutes. A 
 potent Mediator, that hatha great ftroak of power with both 
 the parties, to reconcile God to man, by his accepting the 
 Sacrifice of Chrifts death ', and to reconcile man to God, 
 by his humbling himfelf to offer Satisfaction to God in 
 Chrift. 1 
 
 7. A Mediator muft be faithful and true to the intereft 
 of both parties in his Mediation, Seeking and ftudying their 
 good: Chrift is eminently iiich, Heb.l.xq. &v. t. 4. and 3. 
 14. and 19. 11. 
 
 Confider how he is faithful to both the parties, and how 
 he is faithful to the bufineSs of reconciliation, which is the 
 end of a Mediator. 
 
 1. He is faithful to the parties. And, 1. To God, he 
 is faithful to him that appointed him, Heb. $. 2. True to 
 his fathers intereft, in Seeking his honour, executing his wiH, 
 Satisfying his juftice, Joh. 6. 38, For J came down from hea- 
 ven, not to do my own will, but the will of him that fent me. 
 Chap. 8. v. 49, / honour my Father , and ye dishonour 
 me. 
 
 2. He is faithful to man, and true to his intereft in deal- 
 ing effectually with his Father on our behalf, in all things 
 wherein we have dealing with God, Heb. 2. 17, That he 
 might be a merciful and faithful High-prieft in things per- 
 taining imto God, to make reconciliation for the fins of the 
 people. 1 John 2. 1, We have an advocate with the Father 
 Jefus Chrift the righteous > and he is the propitiation for our 
 fins. 2. He 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. 239 
 
 2. He is faithful to the bufinefs, which is the end of his 
 Office } to wit, reconciliation, and making friendfhip be- 
 twixt the parties : this being entrufted to him, he makes it 
 his work, and minds it exceedingly, LuJ^ 2.49, Wifi ye not 
 that I muft be about my Fathers bufinefs ? Joh. 4. 34> My meat 
 is to do the will of him that fent me, and to fimjh his work^. 
 And this appeareth, 1. In his faithful agen ting the bufi- 
 nefs of our peace in Heaven , whither he is gone for the 
 making and maintaining peace between God and his people, 
 there to appear in the pre fence of God for us, Heb- 9. 24. 
 Joh. 17. throughout. Rev.8. $, And another angel came and 
 flood at the altar, having a golden cenfor , and there 
 was given to him much incenfe , that he jhould offer it 
 with the prayers of all faints upon the golden altar which was 
 before the throne. 2. In his faithful reporting back again to 
 his people what may be expected by them at his Fathers 
 hands : he is the mejfqger of the Covenant, and the true and 
 faithful witnefs, Mai. 3. 1. Rev. 1. 5. Joh. 14. 2, In my Fa- 
 thers houfe are many manfions, if it were not fo I would have 
 toldyeu. I go to prepare a place for you. Eph.2 17, And came 
 and preached peace to them which were afar off, and to them 
 that were nigh. Joh. 1. 18, No man hath feen God at any 
 time : the only begotten Son which is in the bofome of the Fa- 
 ther, he hath declared him. 3 . In his effectual procuring his 
 peoples peace with his Father : he never giveth over dealing 
 in the bufinefs, until it be done and ended, and the treaty 
 be clofed and figned; until he have finijhed the work. Joh. 
 17.4,24. and have faid unto his people, Peace I give unto 
 you, Joh. 14. 27. Eph. 2. 14, 15, 16, For he is our peace, 
 who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle 
 wall of partition between us : Having abolished in his flejli the 
 enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinan- 
 ces, for to make in himjeif, of twain, one new man, fo making 
 peace. And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the 
 crofs, having flain the enmity thereby. 
 
 8, A Mediator muft be a Wooer of both the parties, to 
 bring them in friendfhip together: The Mediator of the 
 new Covenant did this eminently,, he wooed God for us,, 
 and wooed us for God, which none of the parties had ac- 
 cefc to do immediately, without his interpofing betwixt them*, 
 
 and, 
 
240 OftbeReqmfites Chap. XV. 
 
 and this he doth feveral ways : 1. By praifing and commend- 
 ing both the parties, andipeaking good of each of them to 
 the other, as it were behind their backs : he commendeth 
 God to us, Jeh.6. $9, And this is the Fathers mil which 
 hath fent me, that of all which he hath given me I fljouldlofc 
 nothing, but jlwidd raife it up at the lafi day. Chap. 14.1/. 2, 
 In my Fathers houfe are many man/ions, if it were net fo I 
 would have told it yon: J go to prepare a place for yon. Chap. 
 1 6.v . 1 7, For the Father himfelf loveth you. And he commend- 
 eth us to God, Joh. 17.8, 25, For I have given unto them 
 the words which thou gavefl me, and they have received 
 them y and have known fur ely that I came out from thee, and 
 
 they have believed that thou dtdft fend me. righteous 
 
 Father, the world hath not known thee : but 1 have known thee, 
 and thefe have k^iown that thou haft fent me. 2. By pray- 
 ing and requefting both the parties to be at peace : he en- 
 treateth his Father to be at peace^rith us, Joh. 17. 9, / 
 pray for them : / pray not for the worla, but for them that thou 
 haft given me, for they are thine. And he entreats and re- 
 quefts us to be reconciled with his Father, zCor. 5. 20, Now 
 then we are ambaffadors for Chrift, as though God did befeech 
 you by us, we pray you in Chrifts ftead be ye reconciled to 
 God. 3. By engaging and becoming Surety to both par- 
 ties, for ail that he fpeaketh in the name of any of the 
 parties unto the other, Heb. 7. 22, By fo much was Jefus 
 made furety of a better Teftament. He maketh faith, and 
 undertaketh that we fhall find God as good as the commendati- 
 on which he puts upon him j and he maketh faith to God- 
 ward, that he (hall make us anfwer his promifes in our name •, 
 and what we do not, he {hall do for us. 
 
 9. A Mediator muft be of a Couragious and unfubdued 
 fpirtt, to go through difficulties, difcouragement, and oppo- 
 fition, without being layed by m his work : elfe in dealing 
 for reconciliation betwixt parties that are at a great diftance, 
 he fhould be foon difcouraged : Chrift is eminently iuch a 
 peribn v he goeth on in the work of redemption and recon- 
 ciliation, laving his people, and fubduing his enemies ', and 
 though there be many enemies to this peace, and many dii 1 
 couragements be caft in his way from fome of the parties 
 themfelves j yet doth he go on in his work with a heroick 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. 241 
 
 and undaunted fpirit, he can neither, be bowed, nor broken, 
 nor laid by. Pial. 4 2 -4, He flail not fail, nor be difcou- 
 raged, till he have fet judgment in the earth : and the JJles 
 flail wait for his law. 
 
 1. He was not broken nor difcouraged by the weight of 
 the work which he had undertaken, his duty broke him not, 
 but he went on in it till he had ended his work. Joh. 17.4* 
 I have fnifled the wor^ which thou gave ft me to do. We read 
 indeed that he wept fometimes, Luke 19. 41. Heb. 5.7. but 
 he was not difcouraged then, but went on to do his work; 
 the courage of faith of his victory was not fhaken nor crufh- 
 ed. 2. His enemies, and all the oppofition they could make 
 to 4iim, did not break him, nor lay him by, he would go 
 up to Jerufalem, where they fought to kill him, L/^9.51, 
 And it came to pafs, when the time was come that he flould 
 be received up , he ftedfaftly fet his face to go to Jerufalem. 
 And 1 $. $2, -dn& he faid unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, 
 Behold I caft out Devils , and I do cures to day, and to mor- 
 row, and the third day I flail be perfected. He would walk 
 on his twelve hours, he knew not what unbelieving fear was. 
 I. His fufferings did not break him, nor lay him by from 
 his work *, when he fweat blood , and when he fuffered on 
 the Crofs, even then he fet about his duty , and intermit- 
 ted it not, but minded finners more than nim'felf ; often in 
 prayer, caring for his Mother, preaching to the thief, &c. 
 Mat. 26. Mark, 14. Lu\g n chapters. 4. His cold and bad 
 entertainment which he got from his people when ht was 
 about his work, did not break him, nor lay him by , John 
 1. 10, 1 1, He was in the world, and the world was made by 
 him, and the world knew h'vn not. He came unto his own, and 
 his own received him not. And the many feoffs , and the 
 flighting carriage of his people, and the grieving his fpirit, 
 and breaking his heart every day yet , doth not difcourage 
 him, nor lay him by from his work, and from endeavours 
 for their reconciliation with God, Rom. 10. laft, But unto 
 Jfrael he faith, All day long I have ftr etched forth my hands 
 unto a dif obedient and gain faying people. Luke 19.41,42, And 
 when he was come near, he beheld the City, and wept over it, 
 faying. If thou haft known, even thou, at leaft in this thy day, 
 t he things which belong unto thy peace , but now they are hid 
 
 1 i from 
 
Of the Requires Chap. XV. 
 
 from thine eyes. j. The difpleafure and wrath of both the 
 parties, which he knew he behoved to go through, brake 
 him not, laid him not by, but he ventured to take on the 
 difpleafure of both , that he might agree them, and take 
 away the difference, Zech. 1 $. 7, Awake-, O fword, againfi 
 my jhepherd, and againfl the man that is my fellow, faith the 
 Lord of Hofts. Smite the fhepherd, and the Jheep fb all be feat ~ 
 teredo and I mil turn my hand upon the little ones, Luke 19, 
 14, But his Citizens hated him. Mat. 21. $8, This is the heir, 
 come let m kill him, and let hs feize on his inheritance. 6. The 
 fair offers of the world, and fmiles of temptation from it, 
 laid him not by, nor took him off the work which he came 
 to do, Joh. 6. 1 5, When J e fits therefore perceived that they would 
 come and take him by force, and make him a King, he depart- 
 ed again into a mountain himfelf alone. Mat. 4. 8, 9, Again 
 . the Devil taketh him up unto an exceeding high Mountain, and 
 fhewetb him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of 
 them, and faith unto him, All thefe things will I give thee if 
 thou wilt fall down and worjhip me. 
 
 Befides all thefe Requifites in a Mediator which fhine 
 forth fo eminently in Jeius the Mediator of the New Co- 
 venant, there are alfo fome other Properties in our Media- 
 tor, qualifying him for that Office , which are peculiar to 
 his Mediation, and are not to be found in any other Me- 
 diator among men*, namely, 1. His Onenefs and SaftflSasfe*. 
 with both the parties betwixt whom he mediates. There 
 have been mediators among men who have had fome inter- 
 eifc and relations to both parties, but never any like to this 
 one and only Mediator of the New Covenant, who is per- 
 fectly one with both the parties which ftand at fo great 
 diftance, Phil. 2.6, Who being in the form of God y thought 
 it not robbery to be equal with God. Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore in 
 all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren. 
 And therefore he ls.fo much engaged to make them one in 
 him - , he is nearly concerned in the union of thefe two par- 
 tics : 1. In point of Intereft, he gaineth by it, his Fathers 
 .honour is gain to him, and lb is our happinefs alfo, John 
 16. 14, 15, He fjallglorifie mc, for he fnall receive of mine, 
 and fhall jhew it unto you. All things that the Father hath, 
 are mine, therefore faid J, that he fhall take of mine, and fhall 
 
 few 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. ^^ 
 
 jhew it unto you, Ifa. 59. 10*, Therefore his armbrmghtfal- 
 vation unto him. 2. In point of Faithfulnefs, he hath under- 
 taken it, and will do it, for he is faithful and true, Rev. 1. 
 5. and 3.14. and 19.1 1. 3. In point of Honour *, 7 tisa Crown 
 to him to make the agreement betwixt God and man, 70^.1 7. 
 4, 5, / have glorified thee on the earth : I have finifhed the 
 work^ which thou gavefi me to do : And now, O Father, glorife 
 thou me with thine own felf, with the glory which I had with 
 thte before the world was. Ifa. 53. 1 2, Therefore Will I divide 
 him a portion with the great, and he ft all divide the fpoil with 
 the ftreng, becanfe he hath poured out his foul unto death, and 
 he was numbred with the tranfgreffors , and he bare the fin of 
 many s and made inter cefficn for the tranfgreffors. Pfal. 1 10. 
 laft, He ft all drink^of the brook in the way, therefore ft all he 
 lift up the head. 4. In point of Satisfaction *, it's comfort to 
 him to fee this union, Ha. 53. if, He ft all fee of the travel 
 of his foul, and fhall be fatisfied. 
 
 2. Chrift is a Mediator, who never declined to mediate 
 in the bufinefs of all tbofe~who have any dealing with the 
 King and Court where he lies, being a potent, accefTible 
 Mediator to all who will employ him ," Heb. 7. 25, Where- 
 fore he is able alfo to fave them to the utfermoft that come unto 
 God by him, feeing he ever liveth to make iutercefsion for them. 
 Joh. 6. 37, All that the Father giveth me, Jkall come unto me: 
 and him that cometh unto me, I will in no wife cafl out. 
 
 3. A Mediator who is always at hand, never abfent from 
 the Court, never mifling when finners have any bufinefs with 
 God. He is a conftant Agent, who lieth always in heaven 
 to make the Addrefs of his people to his Father, Rev.$.z y 
 And another angel came and flood at the altar, having a golden 
 cenfor^ and there was given unto him much incenfe, that he ftould 
 offer it with the prayers of all faints, upon the golden altar which 
 was before the throne. Heb. 9. 24, For Chrift is not entredin* 
 to the holy^ places made with hands, which are the figures of the 
 true ; but into heaven it felf, now to appear in the pre fence of 
 God for us. But Mediators among men are oft-times far to 
 feek, and ill to find, iSam. 14. 29, as Joab was when^- 
 folom would have fent him to the King * 7 who when he was 
 fent for the firft and fecond time, would not come to 
 him. 
 
 Ii 2 4-A 
 
244 °f *k e Requifites Chap. XV. 
 
 4. A perpetual Mediator, who neither dieth, nor layeth 
 down his Office. Mofes, who was a typical mediator, and 
 Jofeph who dealt with Pharoah for Ifrael, died , and then it 
 went hard with lfrael: But Jefus the Mediator of the New 
 Covenant, continueth for ever, Heb. 7. 2 f, 24, ^4/7^ r^fy rr«/y 
 IW* many priefts, becaufe they were not fujfered to continue by 
 reafon of death* But this man, becaufe he continueth ever, hath 
 *n unchangeable Priefthood. 
 
 Let us fhortly hint fome Ufes of thefe things : And 1. of 
 the Qualifications fitting Chrift for this Employment. 
 
 Vfe 1. If Jefus the Mediator of the New Covenant, be a 
 jjerfon interefted in both parties, Then there can be no ground 
 to fuipecl: him of partiality, but to look upon all that he pro- 
 pounded in the Goipel in order to the reconciliation of 
 God with finners, as coming from one who is nearly inter- 
 efted,and well affected to both parties : it is our fin that we 
 look upon Chrift, and the things propounded by him in the, 
 - Gofpel, as if he were for God only, and not for us alio ,Joh. 
 17. 1 9, And for their fakes I fanftifie my felf , that they alfo 
 might be fantlified through the truth. 
 
 Vfe 2. If the Mediator be fo truily a Perfon, Then let us 
 entruft to him the managing of our everlafting interefts : 
 know him to be fuch, that you may without fear and jea- 
 Ioufie confidently commit to him what ever you have to do 
 with God, 2 Tim. 1. 12, For I know whom 1 have believed, 
 and I am per/waded that he is able to keep that which I have 
 committed unto him, again]} that day. 
 
 9 Vfe 1 . If the Mediator be marvelloufly affected towards 
 the union of God and finners, for the good of both parties: 
 Then bear with his way of promoting your happinefs, fo as 
 he may honour his Father : for he mufl have both in his eye, 
 and therefore will make your peace, and will make you hap- 
 py, by humbling you, and making you feek his peace, and 
 by making you holy, &c Eph. 1 . 4, 5, 6, According as he hath- 
 chofen us in him before the foundation of the world , that we 
 fhould be holy and without blame before him in love. Having 
 vredefinated us unto the adoption of children by Jefus Chrift, 
 to him felf according to the good pleajure of his will, to the 
 praife of the glory of his grace , ( wherein he hath made us ac- 
 cepted. in the beloved. And Z,\o, For we are his workman- 
 
 (hip, 
 
Chap. XV, in a Mediator. 24.5 
 
 (kip, created in Chrift Jefus unto good work* , which God hath 
 before ordained, that we jhould wa\ in them. And think not 
 that any way that Jcfus Chrift will have his Father honour- 
 ed in you, is contrary to your happinefs. 
 
 Vfe 4. If Chrift have power with both the parties be- 
 twixt whom he is a Mediator, then you muft needs let him 
 difpofe of you, and command you wherein he will, for ma- 
 king your peace with his Father *, and whatever power you 
 yeiid to him, over you, with your own confent, believe it, 
 he will improve it for your advantage 5 and he hath credit 
 with his Father to effectuate the buiineis for his part alio, 
 Joh. 1 1.42, j4nd I know that thou hear eft me always. 
 
 2. From the fpecial requifites and graces which fhine forth 
 eminently in Chrifts managing the work of Mediation. 
 
 Vfe i. If Chrift be a condefcending Mediator, who hath 
 Hooped low to compals an union betwixt you and God: 
 Then it is your duty to ftretch and raife your felf to meet 
 him : Come and meet, him : Will you let all the condefcen- 
 dance be on his fide, and will you not yeild and bow to him 
 in anything? Nay, be it far from you. 2Chron.30.8, Now 
 be ye not ftif~necked 7 as your fathers were, but yeild your 
 felves unto the Lord. 
 
 Vfe 2. If he be a mollifying Mediator, who hath brought 
 down God from high demands of Law: Then 1. Confider 
 with what eafe your conditions with God is now granted : 
 Confider the terms upon which Chrift hath brought you an 
 offer of God. 2, Be you brought off the terms of diftance 
 whereupon you ftand proudly with him. And $. If Chrift 
 Have broken you off from your proud terms wherein you 
 flood with God, then you may judg thereby and conclude, 
 that he hath mollified himfelf alio. 
 
 Vfe 3. If Chrift be lb affable, Then put away your pre- 
 judices at him, and your mifliapen thoughts of him , as if 
 he were auftere to his people - r . and be encouraged to come 
 to him with every thing relating to your peace with God:, 
 you (hall find courteous and kind entertainment , and (hall 
 experience that the Mediator is good to fpeak to. 
 
 Vfe 4. If the Mediator be fo meek and gentle, Then be 
 lievers may expert that he will bear with their infirmities, 
 wherein they do not allow themfelves, yea, cannot bear with 
 
 them- 
 
3 4 5 Of the Requi files Ch*p. XV. 
 
 themfelves, Pfal. 103. y, 1 3^ 14, #ie will not always chide, nei- 
 ther will he keep his anger for ever. Uke as a father pitieth 
 his children, fo the L$rd pitieth them that fear him : for he 
 knoweth our frame , he remembreth that we are duft : yet fo, 
 as you would not tempt Chrift, 1 Cor. 10. 9, nor abufe his 
 meeknefs and gentlenefs: for there is fuch a thing in Chrift as 
 Gofpel-feverity : the Lamb of God is a Lion when he is ftir- 
 red up to be angry, Heb. 2. 2, 3, For if the word fpoken by 
 angels was fteadfafi, and every tranfgreffion and difobedience 
 received a ]uft recommence of reward : How Jhall we efcape if 
 we negleFt fo great falvation, which at the firfv began to be fpo- 
 ken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard 
 him. And 10. 26, For if we fin wilfully after that we have re- 
 ceived the knowledg of the truth , there remaineth no more fa~ 
 crifice for fins. 
 
 Vfe 5. If the Mediator be fo eminently merciful, Then, 
 1. it your condition be fo miferable, and the evils of your 
 tftate fuch that can plead pity, put no doubt but they fhall 
 find pity with him, even when you can fcarce fpeak for pi- 
 ty to them, but only lay them before him, fet them in his 
 eye, Luke 19. 4, And he ran before , and climbed up into a 
 fycamore-trte to fee him, for he was to pafs that way. 2.Fear 
 not to meet with rough dealing, repulfes, untendernefs, harfh 
 anfwers, Ifa. 40. 1 1, He fliall feed his fiock^like a Jhepherd, he 
 pall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bo- 
 fome, and pall gently lead them that are with young. Belie- 
 vers, beware that ye do not upon the matter, deny your Me- 
 diators merciful difpofition *, fay not by your carriage, that 
 lie is a hard man, Mat 25. 24. 
 
 Vfe 6. Is he a Potent Mediator, Then, 1. let finners on- 
 ly deal to get Chrift engaged for their peace, and the bufi- 
 nefs is done, he fhall bring it about, Ifa. 38. 14, O Lord, I 
 am opprejfed, undertake for me. And 53. 10, And the plea- 
 fur e of the Lord fhall profper in his hand. 2. Believers, 
 know whom you have believed, how potent he is to do what 
 is entrufted to him, Pfal. 89. 19, I have laid help upon one 
 that is mighty ; that you may be comforted , and your faith 
 ftrengthened. Rom. 4. 20, 21, He fi agger ed not at the pro- 
 mife of <3od through unbelief, but was ftrong in faith , giving 
 glory to God. And being fully perfwaded that what hehadpro- 
 mife d he was able alfoto perform. Vfe 7. 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. 247 
 
 Vfe 7. If he be a faithful Mediator, Then 1. be perfvvaded 
 to give him more truft in the employment you put upon. 
 him : in all your bufmefs leave your care upon this trufty 
 perfon : 1 Thef 5. 24, Faithful is he that calleth you, who alfo 
 will do it. Pfal. 1 7. 5, Commit thy way unto the Lord: truft 
 alfo in him, and he Jhall bring it to pafs. 2. Then it muft be 
 a great fin and provocation in any who have employed Chrift, 
 to be jealous of him, and to diflrufb his undertakings*, fure fuch 
 do not know him well whom they have believed, 2 Tim. 1. 12. 
 ^.Believers who have fled to him for refuge, and rolled over 
 your temporal and everlafting interefts upon him, you may 
 quiet your minds, and lye down fecurely without fear of the 
 mifcarryingof any thing that is good for you, Phil. 4.6,7, 
 Be careful for nothing, but in every thing with prayer and f ap- 
 plication, with thanksgiving, let your requefts be made known to 
 God. And the peace of God which paffeth all under ft anding, 
 jhall keep your hearts and minds through Chrift Jcfus.Vidl. 3. 5,6,/ 
 laid me down and ftept, I awaked, for the Lord fuftained me. 
 J will not be afraid of ten thoufands of people that have fet 
 themfelves again ft- me round about. 
 
 Vfe 8. If our Mediator be the Wooer and Sutor of both \ 
 the parties unto the peace : Then, 1. be you willingly woo- 
 ed by him: be not nice and wild when he is courting your 
 hearts to wed with him , and to make peace with God, 
 2 Chron. 30. 8, Now be not ye ftiff-necked as your fathers 
 were, but yeild your f elves unto the Lord , and enter into his 
 fantluary. When he prays you , and befeeches you to be re- 
 conciled to God, be not hard to be entreated, 2 Cor. 5. 19,10* 
 2, Fear not, if your hearts have become toward to his Pro- 
 portions, if you be content to be wooed by him, doubt not 
 but he will, get his Father's confent to whatfoever he pro- 
 pounds to you •, yea, he had his mind and good-will to what- 
 loever he propoundeth to you, before he fpoke with you, . 
 Joh. 6. 57, 38, All that the Father giveth me, Jhall come to me: 
 
 and him that cometh to me, I will in no wife cast out And 
 
 this is the Fathers will which hath fent me , that of all which 
 he hath given me 1 Jhould lofe nothing, but Jhould raife it up ■ 
 4t the laft day. And 17. 16, / have manifested thy name un* 
 to the men which thou gave si: me out of the world : thine they 
 were, and thou gave ft- them- me r and they have kept thy word* 
 
z ±8 Of the Requlfite* Chap. XV. 
 
 j. No thanks to us that ever God and we were in good 
 terms *, but all thanks to the Mediator, the Wooer of both 
 parties, the Peace-maker, who came and preached peace, and 
 made peace, 2 Cor. 5. 20. Eph. 2. 14, 15, 17. 
 
 Vfe 9. If our Mediator be of fo heroick and fo unfub- 
 dued a fpirit : Then, 1. Let all his enemies be afraid, and 
 pack them out of his way, and (land not in the way to hin- 
 der the work which he hath undertaken for his people: he 
 is of an unfubdued fpirit, and cannot be laid by*, pack you, 
 or he will ride over you, Pfal. 1 10. 1, $, The Lord faid unto 
 my .Lord, Sit thou at my right hand , until I make thine ene- 
 mies thy foot-ftooL The Lord at thy right hand ft all ftrike 
 through Kings in the day of his wrath. Rev. 6. 2, And I J aw 
 and beheld a white horfe, and he that fate on him had a bow: 
 and a crown was given unto him, and he went forth conquer- 
 ing and to conquer. Pfal. 45. 5, 4, 5, Gird thy fw or d upon thy 
 thigh , O mo ft Mighty, with thy glory and thy may By, and in 
 thy majesly ride profpcroufly > becaufe of truth, and meeknefs, 
 and righteoufnefs : and thy right hand jhall teach thee terrible 
 things. Thine arrows are fiarp in the heart of the Kings ene- 
 mies, whereby the people fall under thee. 2. Believers, com- 
 fort your felves in Chrifts Heroick fpirit ; he cannot be laid 
 by, nor turned from his purpofe, neither by the oppofition 
 made by the enemies of your happinefs, nor by the difcou- 
 ragements received from your felves, 1 70/7.4.4,60:.//"*. 42. 4, 
 He jhall not fail nor be difcouraged. See an eminent exam- 
 ple of this in his dealing with the woman of Samaria, ]oh. 
 4. 10, Sic. 
 
 3. Let us make fome ufe of the whole Properties and 
 Qualifications of our Mediator, taking in alfo thofe which 
 are peculiar to him : Hence a threefold Exhortation. 
 
 Fir ft, Be exhorted to know what a Mediator Chrift is : 
 A Mediator, and fuch a Mediator , the Apoftle Paul hath 
 many hints in his Epiftle to the Hebrews ( which is written 
 to fet forth Chrift in his Offices) whereby he layeth a deal 
 of weight upon the qualities of our Mediator, being fuch a 
 perfon, fuch a High-priest, &c. as the like was never heard 
 of, ch. 1. 4. and $. 1. and 4. 14, 15. and 5. 11. and 7. 16, 
 24,26. and 8. 1,2. and 9. 11,24* The ignorance of this,or 
 not confidering thefe things, is the caufe why Chrifts Med ia- 
 
 torfhip 
 
Chap. XV. in a Mediator. 24a 
 
 torfhip is To little comfortable to Believers : fludy to know 
 this better, that you may be comforted by it, that you have 
 fuch a Mediator, on* whofe office, interefts , relations , en- 
 gagements to you , and qualities before enumerated , may 
 affure you that you have a Friend in Heaven, one to whom 
 you may come for pity and help in all your miferies and ' 
 diftrcfTes. 
 
 2. Be exhorted to more boldneft in coming to the Throne 
 of Grace ; Believers, you difhonour your Mediator , who 
 having fo great a Favourite at the Court of Heaven, fhould 
 not with greater confidence come to God *, yet this boldnefs 
 ought to be humble and awful, keeping in fight your own 
 unworthinefs, and the awe of Gods Majefty ; but be confi- 
 dent of the prevalencyof Chrifts Mediation, Heb.4.. 14,15, 
 16, Seeing then that we have a great High-Trie fl that is paf- 
 
 fed into the Heavens, Jefus the Son of God , let us hold fafl 
 oar profeffion , for we have not an High-Trieft which cannot 
 be touched with the feeling of our infirmities , but was in all 
 points tempted like as we are, yet without Sin: let us therefore 
 come boldly unto the Throne of Grace, that we may obtain Mercy , 
 and find Grace to help in time of need. And, 10. 1 9, 20, Ha- 
 ving therefore, Brethren, boldnefs to enter into the Holieft by the 
 Blood of Jefus , by a new and living way which he hath con- 
 fecrated through the vale , that is to fay, his fie fly, Gr. yaret 
 vappntitts with open month. Lay not weight upon your li- 
 berty, but let the confidence you have in your Mediator, 
 give you boldnefs, which would beget and draw forth liberty 
 in Prayer for your felves and for others, 1 Tim. 2. 1, 5, / 
 exhort therefore, that firfi of all f applications, prayers, intercef- 
 fwns, and giving of thanks, be made for all men — for there is 
 one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the man 
 Chnfi Jefus. 
 
 3. Be exhorted, you who have the offer of fo great fal- 
 vation, and of Chrift Mediator to be a friend to you in Hea- 
 ven, to take heed that you flight it not, Heb. 2. 1, 3, There- 
 fore we ought to give the more earneft heed to the things that 
 we have heard, lefi at any time we jlwuld let them flip.*— How 
 frail we efcape if we neglect fo great falvation , which at the 
 firfi began to be fpoken by the Lord, and was confirmed nut* 
 us by them that heard him f And 12. 25, 2p, See that ye re- 
 
2 50 °f Chrifis execution of the Chap. XVI. 
 
 fufe not him that fpeaknh : for if they efcaped not who refufed 
 him that fpake on earthy much wore fhall not we efcape if we 
 turn away from him that fpeaketh from Heaven : For onr God is 
 a conjuming fire. And, 10. 26, 29, 39, For if we fin wilfully 
 after we have received the knowledg of the truth, there re- 
 nt aineth no more facrifice for fins. — Of how much forer p&- 
 nifhment fuppofe ye fhall he be thought worthy , who hath- 
 trodden underfoot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood 
 of the Covenant, wherewith he was fanttified, an unholy things 
 and hath done defpight unto the Spirit of Grace? — But we are 
 not of them who draw back^ unto perdition , but of them that 
 believe, to the faving of the Soul. There is no fin nor judg- 
 ment comparable to fins againft the Mediator , and judg- 
 ment that follow thele fins, Joh. 15. 22, If I had not come 
 and fpoken to them, they had not had fin : but now they have 
 no cloaks for their fin. Matth. 11. 21. Wo unto thee Cerazjn, 
 wo unto thee Bethfitida : for if the- mighty works which were 
 done in yon, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have 
 repented long ago in fackc loath and ajhes. 
 
 CHAP- XVI. 
 
 Of Chrifis execution of the Office of Mediae 
 torjhip. 
 
 IT remaineth now that Ibmething be fpoken of Chrifls ex- 
 cucion of the Office of Mediatorfhip^ into which he was 
 called, and for which he was fitted and furnifhed : before 
 I fp:ak particularly how he carrieth on the work commit- 
 ted to him as Mediator *, I ihall fir ft lay down fome gene- 
 ral conclufions relating to his execution of the Office of 
 Mediatorfhip : Namely, 1. That Chrift executeth this Office 
 of Mediatorfhip according to both natures. 2. That he 
 executed this Office from the beginning of the World, before 
 he came in the rlefh. 3., That he executeth this Office, as 
 well in the (late of his exakation^s in theftate of his humilia- 
 tion. And 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mediatorjhip. $51 
 
 And 1. Of that Queftion, According to which Nature Chrift See Mr. Ball 
 is Mediator ? Whether according to his Divine Nature treat - °f the 
 as God, or according to his human Nature only as Man, or ^s^AUMr* 
 according to both as God-man} Brinftcy of 
 
 Moft part of the Popifh Writers hold that Chrift per- drifts MedUt. 
 formeth the Office of Mediatorfliip, not according to his P- 203. 
 Divine Nature, but according to his Human Nature, only as Aqnin. ^. part. 
 
 Man. ; Vk'*. ' 
 
 Orthodox Divines, hold that Chrift is Mediator accor-Bellarm. de 
 ding to both Natures, and doth not execute that Office cW/?. Medfat, 
 only as God , nor only as Man , but as €Wi'0p»<»©- God- llb * *• ca P- ?"• 
 
 man ZlC *- lt ' tam > 
 
 Eonavent & 
 For clearing whereof, I fhall premife a few things. 1. T\\t Mag ift r . fenu 
 
 Queftion is not, whether there be in the Mediator the con- Auguft. de 
 
 currence of both natures in the unity of his Perfon? forOvibMhom.12. 
 
 that is confefied by all. But whether both Natures concur w^ ier di 
 
 in the Works of Mediation,or in the execution of that Office. %£'*£ Cap ' 7 ' 
 
 2. Nor is the Queftion, Whether the two Natures in Chrift be j U h. contr. 1.2: 
 
 diftinft in their effence and properties, and fo in their ope-c$. not. 2$.& 
 
 rations , for we yeild that the Human Nature doth ? araL *• 3- ™- 
 
 that which pertaineth to the Humanity, and the Divine c '^ r * 
 
 Nature that which pertaineth to the Divinity : yet fo , as 
 
 the Natures being united in one Peribn , fo the operations 
 
 concur to make up one Work of a Mediator , the Human 
 
 and Divine Natures concurring to produce one acl or work 
 
 of Mediatorfhip. $. Nor is the Queftion, Whether all the 
 
 Works of Chrift the Mediator, were the Works of both 
 
 Natures : For it is certain, fome of them were the Works 
 
 of his Humanity, fome of his Divinity, in refpeel: of the thing 
 
 done: but, Whether there were not a concurrence of both 
 
 Natures acting jointly, although diftin&ly in the performing of 
 
 them ? 
 
 2. That Both Natures concur in Chrifts performing the 
 Office of Mediatorfhip, and what he doth as Mediator he 
 doth as God-man , may be confirmed by thefe reafons. 
 
 1. According to what Nature Chrift is the King, Prieft, 
 and Prophet of his Church, accordingly he is Mediator, for 
 he carried thefe Offices as he was Mediator : but according 
 to both Natures, Chrift is King, Prieft, and Prophet of his 
 Church ; for according to the approved rule , Names of 
 
 K k 2 Office 
 
252 Of Chrijls execution of the Chap. XVI. 
 
 Office which are gives to Chrift, they agree to him according 
 to both Natures: therefore Chrift executes the Office of Me- 
 diatorfhip as God-man, according to both Natures. 
 
 2. If the Godhead of Chrift concurred with the Manhood 
 in all the acts of Mediatorffiip : then Chrift performeth not 
 the Office of Mediator as Man only, but as God-man*, but 
 we find the Godhead interefted in every aft which Chrift 
 did, or doth as Mediator: It is evident from the ieveral acts 
 of each of his Offices, from his Obedience, Suffering , Re- 
 surrection, Interceffion, Heb 9. 14, How much more frail the 
 Blood of Chrift, who through the eternal Spirit offered up him f elf 
 without fpot to God, purge your Conscience from dead works , 
 ts ferve the living God. And 7. 25, Wherefore he is able 
 alfo to fave them to the uttermoft that- come unto God by him , 
 feeing he ever livethto make interceffion for them. Eph. I. ip, 
 20, According to the working of his power , which he wrought 
 in Chrift, when he raifed him from the dead, and fe-t him at 
 his own right hand in the heavenly places. None of which 
 could be performed by his Human Nature alone , without 
 concurrence of his Godhead. True it is indeed , we may 
 conceive fome Acts wherein the Humanity of Chrift did not 
 concur with his Divinity , viz.. Thofe that he wrought be- 
 fore his Incarnation : but none wherein his Humanity acted 
 without his Divinity. It followeth therefore, that Chrift 
 performeth this Office as God-man. 
 
 }.. If many chief eflential ads of Chrifts Mediation, are 
 from the Deity of Chrift, as from the next, proper, formal, 
 and immediate caufe, then Chrift performeth not the Office 
 of Mediator as Man only, but as God-man : but many chief 
 eflential acts of Chrifts Mediation are from his D:ity , as 
 the next, proper, format, immediate caufe : Ergo,&c The 
 Minor is proved by thefe instances: The Incarnation of Chrift is 
 from the Deity, "which did aflume the Humanity; which 
 when it was not, could not aflume itfelf. The manirefta- 
 v tion of God was a work truly divine, which was from the 
 Deity as the true caufe \ though from the Humanity as an 
 lnftrument, Job. 1. 18, No man hath ft en Cod at any time-. 
 the only Legottten Son which is in the bojom of the Father , he 
 hath declared him. Matth. 1 1. 27,. AH things ere delivered 
 unto me of my Father, and ho wan knowetb the Son but the 
 \ Father^ 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mecliatorfiip. 253 
 
 Father , neither krwweth any man the Father fave the Son, and 
 he to whowfoever the Sen will reveal him. Cbrift as Man 
 teacheth as an -Inftrument, an.! Chrift the Word teacheth as 
 Mediator-, the works of Authority and Power were all per- 
 formed by the Divine Nature. 
 
 4. If Chrift as Mediator performed many divine acts, 
 which cannot be from his Humanity alone, Then Chi ill per- 
 formed! not the Office of Mtdiatorfhip as Man only, but as 
 God alio: But Chrift as Mediator performeth many Divine 
 acts, which cannot be from his Humanity alone, fuch as his 
 rifing from the dead, which was by the power of his Deity, 
 Rom. I. 4, And declared to be the Son of God with power, ac- 
 cording to the Spirit of holinefs, by the refuretlion of Jefpu from, 
 the dead. And 8. fy, Who is he that condemneth litis Chrift 
 that died, yea rather that is rifen aga'nr, who is even at the 
 right hand of God, who alfo maketh intercejfwn for us. Eph.i; 
 19, 20, Chrift as Mediator hath power and authority to 
 forgive fins, and fend the holy Spirit, to enlighten the'un- 
 derlhndings , to foften the hearts of men , and that not 
 only meritorioufly ,but efficiently,' which are the proper 
 works of God: Mar. 2. 10, But that ye may know that the 
 Son of man hath fewer on earth to forgive fins. Joh. 15.26, 
 But when the Comforter is come, whom 1 will fend unto yon 
 from the Father, even the Spirit of truth which proceedeth from 
 the Father, he fljali tefiify of me. And 16. 7, But if I de- 
 part, J will fend him unto you. 
 
 5. If none of the works performed by Chrift as Media- 
 tor, whether the works of Miniftry that were performed by 
 him, in the Nature of man, or the works of Authority and 
 Power performed by the ; Divine Nature, were performed 
 without the .concurring of the other Nature in Chrift} Then 
 Chrift performeth the Office of Mediator not asGod atone,nor 
 as Man only, but according to both Natures as God-man : but 
 the former is true , Ergo, cjrc, The Major h proved by parts. 
 1.. The works of Miniftry which were performed in the Na- 
 ture of man, and were the works of Chrifts Humanity, fuch 
 as were his death upon the Crofs , &c. yet the Divine 
 Nature was concurring in thele, not only to,- fupport and 
 fuftain the Human, but the thing done had its efficacy , dig- 
 nity, and value, from ,-his Divinky, in that they were the 
 
 works 
 
1^ Ofchrifis execution of the Chap.XVl. 
 
 works of him that is God. It was the Son of God , the 
 Lord of life, that died on the Crofs, but it was the Na- 
 ture of Man, not of God, wherein he died *, yet it was the 
 Divine Nature that did fupport him, and gave worth to his 
 facrifice. 2. The works of authority and power, iuchasthc 
 remitting of fins, giving the Spirit , raifing the dead , &c. 
 which were the w,orks of his Divine Nature } yet were not 
 done without an instrumental concurrence of the Nature of 
 man. 
 
 6. If the end of the Perfonal union of the two Natures of 
 Chrift, be the fitting and qualifying of him for the Office of 
 Mediatorfhip ( as is before cleared ) , then the two Natures 
 do and muft neceffarily concur in the works of mediati- 
 on ( at leaft after theie were united ) elfe the union of the 
 two Natures had not been $eceiTary in Chrift *, for the fame 
 neceffity is for the concurring of the proper works of the 
 two Natures in the Mediators work, that is, for the union 
 ef the two Natures in his perfon : the end of that union, 
 being to fit him to act in this Office as a qualified per- 
 fon. 
 
 Objeft. i Tim. 2. 5, The Mediator is called, the man Chrift 
 Jefa. Hence ibme infer that he is Mediator according to his 
 Human Nature only. 
 
 jinfw. There is a vaft difference betwixt thefe two: the 
 man Chrift is Mediator, and he is Mediator only as Mam 
 the man Chrift is that perfon, not any other man, not any 
 meer man \ that perfon who was God and Man in one per- 
 fon, and flood as a fit middle betwixt both the parties : fo 
 that Man is not here taken natnralitcr, but perfonaliter : not 
 naturally but perfonally * ? it being mod ufual to name the 
 perfon of Chrift from either nature **«/r<»ia \hvyiirm , a 
 communication of Properties : fee 1 Cor. 2.8, For had they 
 known it , they would not have Crucified the Lord of Glory. 
 Aft. 20. 28, The Church of God , which he hath furchajed 
 with his own Blood. Joh. $. \^And no man hath afcended 
 up to Heaven, but he that came down from Heaven , even the 
 'a Mr. Ball, Son of man which is in Heaven. But there are better rea- 
 *d Mr. Brio- fons affigned why the Mediator is called the man Chrift , 
 ley, *& /*? M - than to point out that nature according to which he is Me- 
 diator. See Brniftey of the Mtdiat. p. 208. 
 
 CMjrff. 
 
Chap. XVI. Office if Medidtorfiip. 255. 
 
 Qb\e£b. F*nl here diftinguiftieth betwixt God and this OV]eB. 
 Mediator *, And therefore Chrifl is not Mediator as God \ 
 but as Man only. To this, Aniwe* hath been made by lew- cbam.de Med. 
 ned men. r. That the Word of God k there not to bee, $. fect.6.7. 
 taken effentially but perfonatly, as denoting the Father, be* 
 twixt whom and mankind Chrift the Son is faid to be a 
 Mediator. 1 Joh. 2.1, And if any man ftn , we have an 
 Advocate with the father, Jefus Chrift the right com. So its 
 taken J oh. 3. 16, For God fo loved l the World , that he gave 
 his only begotten Son. 2 Cor. $. 19, God was in Chrift re- 
 conciling the World to himfelf 2. The naming of God in the 
 fiift place doth not hinder that it fhould be underftood in 
 the lecond alio: lee Joh. 14. h Y e believe inGod y believe al- 
 fo in me. 
 
 See more to this purpofe, Jnn. Animad. in Bell, contr. lib. 5* 
 cap. $. Ball on the Covenant, p. 2 70. Brinfley of the Mediator , 
 p. ziO;.&c. And of the ill aft rat ion of the Word God man. 
 Brinf.y. 220. 
 
 Vf.e. If Chrift be Mediator according to both Natures. 
 Then Believers may. be comforted in the pre valency of his 
 mediation, and in the condeicendency thereof. Your Me- 
 diator is God-man. 1. Your Mediator a&s as God,he car- 
 ries his matters very ftronglyand effectually. 2. He acts as 
 a man alfo, very tenderly andf condeicendingly, Heb. 7.25, 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fdve then* to the uttermoft that 
 come unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth fo ma\e intcrcef- 
 fion for themv With. 2. 17, 1%, Wherefore in all things it be- 
 hoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he .might be 
 a*, merciful and faith fm High- fir it ft- in things pertaining to God, 
 to make reconciliation for the fins */ the people* for in that 
 he himfelf hath fnff ere d ^ being tempted, y he is able to fneeof 
 them that are tempted. Pfaf.2. 7,3,7 will declare the decree-, 
 the Lord h nth faid unto me. Thou art ?ny Sori y this day have 
 J begotten thee : Asl^ of me and I fball give thee the Heathen 
 for thine Inheritance^ and the utmeft parts of the JEarth far 
 thy poffejfion. 
 
 ' Concluf. 2. That Chrift hath executed this Office ever 
 fmce the beginning of the World, ever fince the firft Co- 
 venant was difTolved and broken , fince enmity entered be- 
 twixt God. and. man, as well before his- being made mamfeft 
 
 in 
 
2 5/5 Of Chrijts execution of tie Chap. XV L 
 
 in the flefh,as after \ as well before and under the Law, as 
 in the dayes of the New Teftament : For although he be 
 called Mediator of the New Covenant , or New Teftament . 
 Heb. 12.24. which is to be underftood, 1. by way of op- 
 pofition to the firft Covenant, whereof he was not Medi- 
 ator. 2s 'k*t f£*jfc»p becauie he was then exhibited , and 
 then he perfected the wor-k of Redemption : Yet did 
 Chrift enter upon the execution and cxercife of this Office 
 of Mediatorfhip ( to which he was before defigned ) from 
 the time that fallen man was at variance with God-, the 
 execution of this Office extends to the firft ages of 
 the World, from the time that the promiie made to our 
 firft parents ( while they were yet in Paradice ) took place, 
 Gen m 3. 15, It frail bntife thy head, and thou jhalt bruife his 
 keel. 2 Cor. 5. 19. God was in Chrift, reconciling the world 
 M*o himfelf. Heb. 1 3. 8, Jefm Chrift ^ the fame yefterday, 
 and to day and for ever. Gal. 3.17, And this Ifay y that the 
 Covenant that was before confirmed of Chrift, the Law which 
 was Four hundred and thirty years after, cannot dif annul, that 
 it Jljould make the fromife of none effect. Rev. 13.8. he is 
 called the iamb flam from the foundation of the world r As in 
 refpeel: of Gods deftination , being defigned before time, to 
 be offered up in time:, lb alio in refpeel of the efficacy of his 
 lacrifice and mediation, which extended to the firft ■ ages of 
 the world. For, 1. From that time there was need of a 
 Mediator. .2. From that time begun the. works oftheDe- 
 vil to be deftroyed : Gen.^. 15, And 1 will put enmity be- 
 tween thee and the Woman^and between thy feed and her feed : it 
 frail bruife thy h e ad } an d t ho ufr alt bruife his heel. 1 Joh. 3.8, He 
 that commiteth fin is of the Qevil-, for the Devil finneth from the 
 beginning -.for this purpofe the.&on of God was manifefted, that he 
 might deftroy the works of the Devil, 3 -From that time were feme 
 fnmers faved, by the Median th it was to come: Therefore 
 from thence we mud reckon the exercile of his Med.'atorfhip. 
 
 Undcrftand this with three diftinctions. 1. That be- 
 fore Chrifts Incarnation, he was a Mediator virtually, and 
 undiicernedly, i.e. the virtue and efficacy of that. Office, to 
 which he was defigned, did extend £0 the firft ages of the 
 world, (though the way of his afting in that Office before 
 his Incarnation, tranicend our underftanding) but after 
 
 his 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mediatorfoip. 257 
 
 his Incarnation, when he had taken our nature upon him t, 
 then he was manifeftly an at); ml Mediator. 2. Before his 
 Incarnation he was not Compleatly fitted for all the parts of 
 that Office,not being yet the Man Chnft,\Tim.2. 5, but after 
 his Incarnation he was a Compleat Mediator : Heb. 10. 5, 
 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the wwld, he faith, Sacrifice 
 and offering thou wouldeft not, bat a body haft thou prepared 
 me. Then f aid I, Lo 1 come, (in the volume of the Book^it 
 is written of me ) to do thy will, O God. 3. Before his In- 
 carnation, he was fecretly and invifibly a Mediator in Hea- 
 ven : after his Incarnation, he did vifibly acT: that part upon 
 Earth, and then went into the holieft to continue in the 
 exercife of this Office, Heb. 9.24, Now to appear in the pre • 
 fence of God for us. 
 
 ZJfe. This alfo fhould contribute to eftablifti our faith, 
 while our Mediator is abfent from us, or rather while we 
 are abfent from him, and he is out of our fight: If this 
 Office was effectual for the good of believers, before he actu- 
 ally offered facrifice, or interceded, how much more when 
 he hath actually done both theie? Have we any better fup- 
 port of Faith ? if his Mediation was effectual before he was 
 a compleat Mediator , and had not yet taken our nature 
 upon him, {hall we not believe now the efficacy thereof, af- 
 ter he is the Man Chriftf If his Mediation was effectual 
 while he had not yet come down from Heaven to acl: vi- 
 fibly here on Earth*, how much more when he hath finifhed 
 the work, and is now returned, and gotten his Fathers wel- 
 come? Believe it, he is at Court, though he be out of our 
 fight. 
 
 Conclufion 3. That Jefus the Mediator of the' New Co- 
 venant executeth this Office , as well in the ftate of his Ex- 
 altation, as Humiliation. Heb. 7. 24, 25, But this man, be- 
 caufe he continneth ever, hath an unchangeable Priefthood. 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them to the utmoft that come 
 unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth to make inter ceffion for 
 them. . But with ibme obfervable difference, which is to be 
 ieen, 1. In his exercifing the three Offices which were parts 
 of his Mediator fhip. And, 2. In the diftinft parts of thefe 
 Offices. 
 
 : 1. It was mainly his Prieftly Office, which the Mediator k 
 
 LI di(-« 
 
7 c$ of Chrijls execution of the Chap. XVl. I 
 
 difcharged here on Earth, in his ftate of Humiliation *, his | 
 entry upon his Kingly Adminiftration, being eminently re- 
 ferved to the ftate of Exaltation: Heb. i. $, When be had by 
 him f elf p urged our fins, fate down on the right hand oj the Ma- 
 yfly on high. And, 8. I, We have an High-prieft,who isfet 
 on the right hand of the throne of the Mayfly in the Hea- 
 vens. Phil. 2. 8, <>, And being found in fafhion , he humbled 
 himfelf and became obedient unto death, even the death of the 
 Crofs. Wherefore Godalfo. hath highly exalted him. Mat. 28. 
 18, Ml power is given unto me in Heaven and in Earth. But 
 his Prophetical Office was excercifed by him in both thefe 
 flues, of his Humiliation , and Exaltation : Luke 24. 47, 
 And that repentance and remijfwn of fins fliould be preached in 
 his Name among all Nations, beginning at Jerufalem. Heb. 
 12. 25, See that ye refufe not him that fpeaketh 5 for if they 
 efcaped not who refufed him that fpoke on Earth , much more 
 Jhall we efcape, if we tarn away from him that fpeaketh from 
 Heaven. 
 
 2. His Prkfthood, which he difchargeth in both parts 
 thereof, as well in his Exaltation as Humiliation } Yet emi- 
 nently he facrinced here, and eminently he intercedeth in 
 Heaven, Heb. 9.1^, 26, Now to appear in the fre fence of God. 
 for iu. — Now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to 
 put away fin , by the. facrifice of himfelf: His Kingdom, 
 which was reierved for his Exaltation, underftand it by way 
 of emnency alio, Matth. 28. 18, And Jefvu came and fpoke 
 mto them, faying, All power is given unto me in Heaven and 
 in Earth. Rev. 5. 6, And I beheld, and lo in the midfl of the 
 Elder i flood a Lamb : For he was a King when he was here 
 on Earth, and carried matters in a Princely way, although 
 his glory was over-clouded by his leaving the Throne for a 
 time, that he might fit down in it afterward in greater ho- 
 nour , PhiL 2.6,8, Wherefore God aifo kith highly exalted 
 k'un, and given him a name which is above every name. His 
 Prophetical Office, which was exerciild in both ftates , yet 
 was in his Humiliation vifible, and in his own perfon, Joh. 1. 
 10, He wo* in the world, and the world was made by him, 
 •and the world knew him not. Heb. I. 1,2, God, who at fun- 
 dry times, and in divers manners fpakj in the time pifl unto the 
 Fathers by the Prophets , hath in thefe hfi days flpok&n unto 
 
Chap. XV 7. Office of Mediatorfaip. §** 
 
 us by his Son. Luke 24. 27, And beginning at Mofes And all 
 the Prophets, he expounded unto them in aU the Scriptures, the 
 things that concerned hirfelf But in his Exaltation it is done 
 by his MefTengers, or more fecretly by his Word and Spi- 
 rit, JLph. 4. 11, 12, And gave fome Apofiles , and fame Pro- 
 phets, and fome Evange lijls , and fome Paftors and Teachers : 
 for the perfecting of the Saint s, for theworl^of the Miniftry, 
 for the edifying the Body ef Christ. Joh. 14. 26, But the 
 Comforter , which is the Holy Ghoft , whom the Father mil 
 fend in my name, he ftall teach yen all things , and bring all 
 things to your remembrance, what foever I have fat d unto you, 
 I Joh. 2. 27, But the anointing which yon harve received of him, 
 abideth inycu : and ye need hot that any man teach you , but 
 as the fame anointing teacheth you all things , and is truth , 
 and is no lye : and even as it hath taught you , ye fhall abide 
 in him, 
 
 Vfe. Believers, think not that Chrift is out of his Office, 
 when he is^out of your fight : or that the height of honour 
 unto which he is now exalted at the right hand of God, 
 doth abate any thing from fas carefulnefs and condefcendency 
 for finners behoof: but be you rather comforted from this; 
 As high as the Mediator is now, upon his Throne , he yet 
 carrieth that Office, and is made high for your advantage 
 and confolation, Heb. 4. 14, 16, Seeing then that we have an 
 High-priefl that is paffej. into the Heavens , Jefm the Son of 
 God; Let us hold faft our profeffion, — Let us therefore come 
 boldly unto the Throne of 7 Grace ; that we may obtain mercy, 
 and find grace in time of need. And 10. 2 1, 22, And ha- 
 ving an High~priefl over the Houfe of God , let us draw near 
 with a true heart, in full affurance of faith ; having our hearts 
 fprinkjed from an evil confeience, and our bodies wajhed with 
 pure water. You may come as familiarly and boldly to him 
 now, as when he was in his humbled condition, converfant 
 among men, feeing he is about the fame work , and exer- 
 cifing the fame Office now as then, Heb* 1 3. 8, J 'efus Chrift, 
 the fame yefterday, and to day, and forever. 
 
 It is a Queftion not unfitly moved : Whether the Angels ££*$- 
 have any fhare in Chrifts Mediation ? Anfw. Two Scrip* 
 tures feem to appropriate the benefit of Chrifts Mediation 
 to Mankind. Yet I conceive they may admit one native 
 
 L J 2 • inter- 
 
260 Of Chrifts execution of the Chap. XVI. 
 
 interpretation, without ftraining the word, which doth not 
 ihut out the Angels. The firlt Scripture is fhat, iTim.z, 
 5, For there is one God, and one Mediator between Cod and 
 men> the Man Chrifl Jefpu : which ieems to let forth the 
 object of Chrifts Mediation to be men, not Angels ; but 
 confider, that there is a twofold Mediation of Chrift \ the 
 one of Redemption or Reconciliation, the other of Prefer- 
 vation or confirmation : Chrift is only a Mediator of Redem- 
 ption betwixt God and man, for he never undertook for the 
 fallen Angels, Matth. 25.41, Then fiiall he fay unto them on 
 his left hand) Depart from me ye cur fed into ever lofting fire 
 prepared for the Devil and his Angels, Jude,ver. 6, And the 
 Angels which kjpt not their fir ft eft ate , but left their own 
 habitation , he hath referyed in everlafting chains under darkj 
 nefs^ unto the judgment of the great day. And of this Medi- 
 ation (peaks that Text, 1 Tim. 2. 5, A Mediation which had 
 a ranfom and propitiation in it : that Chrift diedonly for 
 man, not for the Angels. The other Scripture is that, Heb. 
 2. 16, For verily he took^net on him the nature of Angels y but 
 he tool^on him the feed of Abraham : Which will indeed prove, 
 and fpeaketh it plainly, that when fallen men and Angels 
 were before him, finking into their mifeiey, he took hold of 
 the one, not of the other : And fo that none of the fallen 
 Angels have benefit by Chrifts Mediation: It will prove that 
 herein Chrift expreffed his love more to Men than. Angels, 
 in that he faved fome of the fallen men, but none of the An- 
 gels } and would carry this Office not in their Nature, 
 but in ours:. Yet I- conceive it will not prove that the elect 
 Angels have no benefit by Chrifts Mediation. I incline 
 therefore to think it moft probable, that the eleel: Angels 
 are not to be excluded from the benefit of Chrifts Media- 
 tion : whether they had need of. a Mediator or not (as 
 Calvin upon Col. 1. 2o,lubourethto prove ) ,' I (hall not. de- 
 bate *, but thefc two things only 1 fhall.fpeak of: 1 . I fhall 
 fhew^ that the good Angels have benefit by Chrift, which is 
 certain. 2. That, there are probable grounds to judg, 
 that they have this benefit through, Chrifts Mediation. 
 
 1. By Chrift. the- Angels have, knowledg of the. myfte- 
 
 , ries of our. Salvation, even a glorious addition of knowledg, 
 
 by this new difcevery and bright manifeftation of God in-all 
 
 his 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mediatorfiip. 261 
 
 his Atributes that have fhined forth in Chrift, &ph. 3. 10, 
 To the intent that now unto the Principalities and Powers in 
 'Heavenly places-, might he known by the Church, the manifold 
 wifdom of God. 1 Pet. 1. 12, Which things the Angels did 
 defire to look^into. 2. By Chrift they have an honourable 
 * 'Office, they became principalities and Powers in governing 
 the world •, and Miniftring Spirits, that Chrift may be ho- 
 noured in the Church, Col. 1. 16, for by him were all things • 
 created, that are in Heaven, and that are in Earth , vifible 
 $nd inviphle : whether they be Thrones, or Dominions, or Prin- 
 cipalities, or Powers,' all things were created by him, and for 
 him. Heb. 1. \a?, Are they not all miniftring Spirits, fent forth 
 to mini ft er for them , who ft: all be heirs of Salvation. And 
 therefore when Chrift (hall give up his difpenlatory King- 
 dom, then fhall all rule be put down , which is not only 
 to be underftood of the being of no Magifttacy,, and no 
 Miniftry, but even of the Angels, Principalities, and Pow- 
 ers. 3. By Chrift the Angels have joy at the converfion 
 of .tinners. Luke 15. 10, Likewife I fay unto you, there k Joy 
 in the pre feme of the Angels of God, over one fimier that re- 
 . penteth. Matth. i3. ia, Take heed that ye defpife not one of 
 thefe little ones : For J fay unto you, that in Heaven their An- 
 gels do alwayes behold the face of my Father which is in Hea- 
 ven. Luke 2. 1 1, And fuddenly there was with the Angel a 
 multitude of t'he Heavenly HoH, praifing God. By Chrift 
 the Angels have a more perfect and firm union with God 
 a kind of reconciliation, Col. 1/20, And hav'vag made peace 
 by the blood of his Crofs , by him to reconcile all things to 
 him f elf : by him I fay, whether they be things on Earth, or things 
 in Heaven, Where by things in Heaven, is underftood An- 
 gels , who are faid to be reconciled to God, not properly : 
 for where there is no breach, there can be no reconciliati- 
 on; this is peculiar untb man, but improperly and annalo- 
 ' gically they may be laid to be reconciled',' by confirming and 
 eftablifhing them in the grace and favour of God,Tollendo 
 peccata hominum- & poffibilitatem peccandi in Angelis : taking 
 away all pofTibility of defection in them. 
 
 2. Thele benefits which the Angels certainly have by 
 Chrift, they may be probably conceived to have them by 
 Chrifts Mediation : 1. Becaufe Chrift is ahead to the elect 
 
 Angels 
 
2 52 Of chrifts execution of the Chap. XVI. 
 
 Angels as well as to elect men •, and they are part of his my- 
 ftical body, Col. 2. io, And ye are complex in him which 
 is the head of all Principality and Power. Eph. I. io. That 
 in the Difpenfation of the falnefs of times , he might gather to- 
 gether in one all things in Chrift, both which are in Heaven^ 
 and which are on Earth , even in him : they are reckoned a 
 part of the Catholick Church, and inhabitants of the Hea- 
 venly Jerufalem, Heb. 12. 2$, 24, Now if Chrift be head 
 of the Church as he is Mediator, then whatfoever benefit 
 they, as part of his Body , have from Chrift the Head, I 
 do not fee how we can avoid to fay they muft have it through 
 his Mediation : For how can it be conceived that one part 
 of Chrifts Body hath benefit from Chrifts Mediation , and 
 another part of it hath benefit by him, and yet another way 
 thin by his mediation? 2. Becaufe whatfoever benefit the 
 Angels have by Chrift,they were elected unto it \ 1 Tim, 5 .2 1, 
 / charge thee before God, and the Lord Jefus Chrift, and the 
 elett Angels. Now Chrift being the head of the election, 
 in whom all that are elect are elected, Eph. 1.4, According 
 as he hath chofen us in Chrift, before the foundation of the 
 world-. And the benefits unto which we are elected in Chrift, 
 coming through his Mediation, to all the elect •, thefe muft 
 come fo to the elect Angels alfo, Eph. 1. 4, 5, 10, Ac- 
 cording as he hath chofen m in Chrift, before the founda- 
 tion of the world , that we Jhould be holy , and without 
 blame before him in love : Having predeftinated us unto the 
 Adoption of Children, by Jefus Christ. — That in the difpen- 
 fation of the fulnefs of time, he might gather together in one 
 all things in Chrift. 1. Becaufe whatfoever creature is not 
 If'n'P 1 ^' 1 ' under a poflibility of finning, it hath that, not by the con- 
 f*' *' rf 'dition of its nature, but by grace: Now the elect Angels 
 being freed from all poflibility of finning , this they muft 
 have by Grace, which cometh riot only from Chrift, but 
 through his Mediation, Joh. 1. 17, For the Law was given 
 by Mofes, but Grace and Truth came by Jefus Chrisl: be- 
 ing fome other thing fupervenient, befide the good of their 
 natural condition wherein they were created, which was 
 mutable. 
 
 More particularly, The execution and work of Chrifts 
 Mediatorfhip, may be reduced to thefe Five heads: 1. To 
 
 bring 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mediator -/hip.-- 263 
 
 bring the elect into a capacity of covenanting with God. 
 2. To bring them within the bond of the Covenant, after he- 
 hath thus prepared the way. $. To enable them whom he 
 bringeth into this New-Covenant-ftate , to perform the du- 
 ties of the Covenant. 4. To keep thofe whom he bringeth 
 into this Covenant ftate, from falling away from it, or to 
 enable them to continue in it. 5. To bring thofe whom he 
 hath brought up to the terms of a Covenant with God, to 
 that height of that BlefTednete which is appointed for them, 
 and to Crown his work in them. 
 
 The firft part of the Mediators work , and execution of 
 his Office is, to prepare a way for mans covenanting with 
 God } to make the way of God acceflible, and to put man 
 in a capacity to enter in terms with God: For man by firt 
 was made uncapable of covenanting with God, until the 
 Mediator cometh in to eompofe the difference, and to reftore 
 the love and friendfhip that once had been betwixt God 
 and man*, who to prepare a way for mans covenanting with 
 God, doth two things himfelf, and worketh two things in 
 us. The firft, to make God acceffible ; the other, to make 
 men capable of covenanting with God, who is made accef- 
 fible in Chrifts death. 1. He taketh on mans nature, that 
 a Sacrifice might be among mankind , who had finned *, he 
 putteth his name in our Obligation , that the Law might 
 reach him. Gal 4. 4, 5. God fent forth his Son, made of a 
 Woman, made under the Law, to redeem them that were un- 
 der the Law j that we might receive the Adoption of Sons. 
 2. In our nature he obeyeth the La w, and fuffereth : he pay- 
 eth a price for our Ranfom, 2 Cor. 5.21, He is made fin 
 for us; an offering for fin, he ftood in the finners fteadhere, 
 he purchafeth a liberty to the ele<ffc, and hath it in his juft 
 and legal power to fet them free when he will, Ait. 20. 28, 
 being the Church of God which he hath fur chafed with his own 
 Blood. $. He convinceth men of their fin, and of their 
 bondage, and impoflibility to fatisfy Juftice, and to this end 
 he attacheth them before Divine Juftice, Job. 16.8, And 
 when he is come , he wilt reprove the World of fin, of righteouf- 
 nefs and of judgment. Rom. 7. 9, For I was alive without the 
 Law once : but when the Commandment cams, fin revived , and I 
 died. Gal. $, 24, Wherefore the Law VMS our Schoolmaster 
 
 t& 
 
264 Of chrijls execution of the Chap. XVI. 
 
 to bring ut unto Chrift^ that we might be juftified by Faith. 
 4. He worketh their Hearts to a yie/.ding-frame , liltning; 
 and ready to welcom the news of delivery (which have not 
 yet been actually ipoken to their hearts J, to be content to 
 come out of their bondage, and to enjoy freedom by hin : 
 to be content to come in his will, and to yield the wea- 
 pons to him, and to change the (late and righteoufnefs where-: 
 of fometimes they had no fmall content, All. y. 6, Lord, 
 What vpilt thou have me to do ? Arife, and go into the City, 
 and it fhall be told thee what thou muft do. They pant after 
 a Saviour, as Paul did for compleat Redemption, .fowz.7.29, 
 O wretched man that I am Who foall deliver me from the bo- 
 dy of thus death ? And w r hen all this is done, Sinners are but 
 in a capacity of covenanting w 7 ith God, till more be done 
 by Chrift in the w r ork of his Mediatorfhip for man : he is 
 riot yet in a covenant with God •, all this is to make ready a 
 people prepared for the Ltrd, Luke 1. 17. For though Chrift 
 hath payed the price of the^ eels ranlbm, and hathpurcha- 
 fed their liberty on the Crofs, yea, and hath alio convinced 
 a man of his need of this ranfom , and made him txnvard and 
 tractable to liften, to accept of it * 9 yet till a man come in 
 by faith, and manifeft his acceptance, or rather actually ac- 
 cept of Chrifts propofals , he is not yet actually in a Cove- 
 nant with God, but concluded under wrath, Job. 3. 36, And 
 he that believeth not the Son jJiall not fee life> but the wrath 
 of God abideth on him. 
 
 The fecond part of the Mediators work and execution of 
 his Office, is, to bring the elect within the bond of the Co- 
 venant. And for bringing about this, ' 1. Chrift makes an 
 offer of a New-Covenant-ftate , with all fuitable allurements 
 and encouragements which may invite the Souls of the elect 
 to accept of it * 7 And for this end he hath appointed the 
 Miniftry of Reconciliation , 2 Cor. 5. '19, 20, God was in 
 Chrift reconciling the world unto himfelf , not imputing their 
 trefpaffes unto them , and bath committed unto us the word ef 
 reconciliation. Now then we are Ambafjadors for ChriB y as 
 though God did befeech yon by tu , we pray yon in Chrift sfte ad 
 be *ye reconciled to God. And 6. 17, 18, Wherefore come out 
 from among them y and be ye feparate, faith the Lord, and touch 
 not the unclean thing , and I will receive yon , and will be a 
 
 Father 
 
Chap. XVT. Office of Mediatorfiip. 2#J 
 
 Father unto you, and ye flail be my Sons and Daughters ', faith 
 the Lord Almighty. Ha. 55. i 3 ^ ? Ho^ every one that thirftethj 
 come ye to the waters — 'Incline your ear , and- come unto me:. 
 hear and your Soul flail live : and I will make an everlafiing 
 Covenant with you, even the fure mercies of David. 2. He 
 fhnpeth and frartieth the "hearts of his people for acceptation 
 of his offer, and bringeththem unto a liking and fa tis'iactioa 
 with the Covenant, and the terms of if, 2 Sam. 2 5. 5, For 
 this is all my falvation, and all my defire y although he makt it 
 not to gr„?. Pfel. 7$.laft, But it is good for me to draw near 
 to God-;— I have put my trufl in the Lord God, that I may 
 declare all thy works. 3. He actually maketh them to em- 7 
 brace it, and enter into it : for after he hath fliaped their 
 hearts for acceptation , he actually engageth them by con- 
 ferring and agreeing oil their part, Hof. 2. 14, 19, There- 
 fore behold^ I will allure her, and bring her unto the Wilder- 
 nefs, and Jpea^comfortably unto her. — And I will betroth the* 
 unto me for ever. Ezek. 20. 17 > And I will bring you intb 
 the bond of th$ Covenant. Joh.d. $7, All that the Father 
 givcth me, flail come to me, And this he doth, 1. By ma- 
 king us receive and welcom the Goipel, and fubjecl: our con- 
 lent unto it , by taking on the very bonds and rebukes of tht 
 Word, and yielding our felves captives unto it, 2CV.9.13, 
 Whiles by the, experiment of this minif ration they glorify God 
 for your profejfed fubjeblion unto the Gofpel of Chrift. Arid 
 10. 4, For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal , hut 
 mighty through God, to the pulling down of ftrong holds. Rom. 
 6. 1 7, But ye have obeyed from the heart that form of Dotlrine 
 which was delivered unto you. 2. By making us receive and 
 embrace the Promifes, Heb. 11. 13, and take hold of the Co- 
 venant, Ifa, 5^.4, 6. And this is a further ftep of the Me- 
 diators work, in making the Soul clofe with God in a Co- 
 venant. 3. By making us receive Chrift himfelf in the promifes, 
 Jeh. 1. 1 2, But as many as received hiht, to them gave he power 
 to become the Sons of God, even to them that believe on his namb. 
 For- as Faith hath for the object of it, the wholeWord of God; 
 ib efpeeially the promifes,. and more efpecially Chrift in the 
 promifes. 4. By making us give up our felves to beChrifts, and 
 no more our own, Ifa.^.^One flail fay, lam the Lords : and 
 by making usfubjett our Confent unto him,as the Wife doth to 
 
 M m the 
 
3 
 
 h 
 
 a ^g 0/ Chrijts execution of the Uiap. XVI. 
 
 the Husband in a Marriage-Covenant, 2 Cor. 9. 1 3. And all 
 this is the Mediators work, and the execution of his Office. 
 For, 1. It is he that offers the Covenant, Heb. 12. 25, 
 S$e that ye refufe not him that fpeaketh. 2. It is he that 
 fhapeth the heart for acceptation of the offer, £5.^36.26, 
 A new heart alfo will J give yon, and a new Spirit will I put 
 within yon, j. It is he that engageth the heart to God by 
 a Covenant, Jfer. 30. 2\, And I wilt caufe him to draw near , 
 and he Jhall approach unto me j for who is this that engaged his 
 heart to approach unto me , faith the Lord? Joh. 12. 32, And I, 
 if I be lifted up from the Earth, will draw all men unto me^ 
 4. It is he that maketh us give up our f elves to him , Ez.ek. 
 $6. 27, 28, And I will put my Spirit, into you , and cattfe you 
 to walk^in my wayes. — And ye JhgH be my people, and I will 
 be your God. The third part of the Mediators work in the 
 execution of his Office, is to enable them whom he bring- 
 eth into the Covenant of Grace, to perform the duty of the 
 Covenant according to his undertaking to his Father on their 
 behalf: and for this effect, 1. He circumcifeth their hearts, 
 and taketh away the ftone and natural averfhefs and re- 
 bellion againft Covenant-duties, Dent . 30. 6, And the Lord 
 thy God will circumcife thy heart, and the heart of thy feed, to 
 tove the Lord thy God with all thy heart , and with all thy 
 foul? that thou maift live. Ezek. 36. 26, And 1 will take away 
 the ftony heart out of your flejh, and 1 will give you an heart 
 *f flejh. 2. He engrafFeth a new inward principle in their 
 hearts,of compliance with,and propenfion unto their duty, Jer. 
 3 1. 33, I will f HP my Law into their inward parts, and write 
 it in their hearts, and will be their God, and they Jhall be 
 my people. And 32. 4?, I will put my fear in their hearts, 
 that they Jhall not depart from me. 3. He affordeth ftrength 
 to them , for performing the duties of the Covenant , and 
 maketh his Grace effectual in them for that end : fee Ez,e^. 
 36. 37, And 1 will put tny Spirit within y 'ou, and can fe you 
 to walk, in my Statutes^ and ye jhall keep my Judgments and 
 do them. He craveth his Rent, and filleth the hand where- 
 with to pay it*, Tfal. I. 1 J. Being filled with the fruits of 
 righteoufnefs which are by Jefu* Chrift , unto the gtbry and 
 praife of God. 2 Cor. 9. §, And God is able to make all grace 
 abound towards yon, that ye alwayes having all-fufficiency in all 
 
 things, 
 
Chap. XVI. Office of Mediatorfiip. 267 
 
 things ) may abound to every good work. 4. He breathes upon 
 the graces of his people, and afteth them by daily frefh and 
 quickening affiftances, Song. 4. \6, Awake , O North-wind , 
 and come^O South, blow iff on my G 'ar den, that the [pices thereof 
 7nay flow out : Yea, he worketh in us, and for us , all that 
 which we take upon us as duty in the Covenant of 
 Grace, I fa. 16. 12, For then alfo haft wrought all our works 
 m ns. Phil. 2. n, For it is Gad that wcrketh in you both to v 
 will and to do of his good plcafure. 
 
 The fourth part of the Mediators work in executing this 
 Office, is, to keep thote whom he bringeth into the Cove- 
 venant,frorn falling away from that blefTedeftate : If-itwere 
 not for- the Mediators travelling in this work , the reconci- 
 liation once made could not {land : if he did not continue 
 forever Mediator of the New Covenant, we fhould not for 
 ever continue in that Covcnant-ftate , Heb. 7.24,25, But 
 this man, becaufe he continue! h ever? hath an unchangeable Frieft- 
 hood. Wherefore he is able alfo to Cave therh to the uttermoft 
 that . come unto God by him^ feeing he ever liveth to make in- 
 urce'ffvon far them. And for keeping believers in this Cove- 
 nant, Chrift the Mediator, befide his contriving the Cove- 
 nant fo, that br-eaches fhall not make it void, Ffal. 89. 30,' 
 3$, If his Children for fake my Law, and walk^not in my 
 Judgments: Never thelefs my loving-kindnefs will I not utftrly 
 take from him , nor fuffcr my ^faithfulnefs to fail. Jer. 3 1. 
 $4? I vpill forgive their iniquity , and Will remember their fin 
 no more. 1 . He giffceth them with,* and conveyeth to them an 
 immortal and everiafting principle of Grace that cannot dye 
 nor utterly perifh, J oh'. 4. 14? But the water that I fhall give 
 him, fjall be in him a Well of water ' fpringing up into ever- 
 lafting life. ijoh. 3.9, His feed remaineth in him, and he 
 cannot fin, becaufe he is born of God. 2. He keepeth life by 
 his interceflion, in that engaging principle of Faith, that it 
 fail not, Luke 22. 5 2, But I have prayed for thee that thy 
 Faith fail not. But all this could not effecl: the bufmefs, be- 
 ing but our gripe of him *, therefore, 3. Confider how he 
 keepeth a gripe of them , he engageth his Father to keep 
 his people, and he himfelf employeth all the power, credit, 
 and interefl that he hath in Heaven and Earth, to keep them 
 *in that bleiTed ftate, Joh. 17. H, 12, And now I am no more 
 
 Mm 2 in 
 
26& Of Chrzjls execution of the Chap. XVI* 
 
 in the Worlds but thefe are in the World : And I come to thee, 
 holy Father ; keep through thine own name thofe whom thou haft 
 given, me, that they may he one, as we are. While 1 was with 
 thsm in. the world I kjpt them through thy name : thofe whom thou 
 gaveft me I have kept, and none of them is loft but the Son cf 
 perdition^ that the Scripture might be fulfilled, i Pet. I. $,Who 
 are kept by the power of God through faith unto falvation j 
 
 ready to be revealed in the lafi time. Job. 10.28,29, And 
 I give unto them eternal life,, and they foall never perifli, nei- 
 ther ? frail any man plucky them out of my hand. My Fadjer 
 which gave them me, is greater than all *, and no man 1 is able 
 to pluckjhcm out of my Fathers hand. Deut. 33.27, The eter- 
 nal Cod is thy refuge, and underneath is the everlaftiug arms. 
 Jfa. 40. 29, He giveth power to them that are faint , and to 
 them that have no might he encreafeth flrength.' 4. Bemain- 
 taineth the peace and agreement "that he made through 
 his own being in . Heaven , a conftant,.and ordinary Agent 
 to apear in the prefence of Cod for us,, Heb. 9. 24. Who 
 lieth there of purpofe that the Covenant betwixt God 
 and his people may continue, and that -league never be bro- 
 •keny for ib kng as Chrift apeareth in Heaven, there fhall 
 be peace and Gitndihip for all Believers, Rom. 5.1, i y Therefore 
 being fafiified by faith, we have peace with Go<dJhtitikgktfur x Lord 
 J cfi44 v Chr '■>({., By whom.alfo we have.. <zs.ee fs by Faith unto this 
 grace wherein we ftand^and re Joyce in hope of the glory of God a 
 Eph. 2*. 14, For he, is our peace, whohathcrhade^ both one. 5. He 
 keepeth intercourse and good correspondence betwixt his 
 Father and his people, that their trad mgL with Heaven be not 
 flopped, Eph. 2.. 18, For by him we both have an accefs through 
 one Spirit unto the Father. . And 3. "12, In whom we have bold- 
 nefs and accefs with confidence by. the Faith, of him: 1 Pet. $.> 
 18, For Chnfi alfo hath once Jujfered by fmt\ the \juft for the~ 
 unfiift ; that he might bring nrfa&y ■•• v :;_ | word that Signifies 
 
 • leading- by the hand, Heb. io.jq? Having therefore, Brethren \ 
 boldnefs to enter into thz holieft by thd blood of Jcfus. . And- 
 4. 16, Let us therefore cor,ie boldly unto the .Throne of Grace, 
 6. He taketh up emergent differences,, and reryioveth the in- 
 cident breaches of Peace, betwixt both, parties,, Jfa..^. 12, 
 And he, was numbred with the tranfgrejfors \ and he bare the: 
 
 ■ fin of many, and trade interceffw^for"theTra^ifgre(fors,^ih, 
 
 %7i 
 
Chap. XVL Office of Mediator pip. 2 &f 
 
 p. 7, Not without blood, he which offered for himfeif and for the 
 errors of the people, ttyromy.<tr»v — the word fignifieth the 
 infirmities to which the people of God are daily fubjecl: , 
 which would break the league of Peace, were it not for the 
 Mediators doing his Office, to hold it firm : And this he 
 doth, i • As an Agent, making his conftant refidence in Hea- 
 ven, that upon all occafions he may appear in the prefence 
 of God for us, Heb. 9. 24. 2. As an Advocate, pleading his 
 peoples caufe, and {hewing that fatisfied Juftice muft be for 
 them, 1 Job. 2. 1, And if any man fn r we have an Advocate 
 with the Father, Jefus Chrift the- righteous. Heb. il, H,And 
 to Jefus the Mediator of the New-Covenant, and to the bleed 
 affpr inkling, that fpeaketh better things than that of Abel, 
 3., As an Interceffor , praying for them; J oh. 17, througout, 
 JL4m. 8. 34,. Who js he that condemneth . ? It is Chrift that dyed, 
 yea rather that is fifth again, who is even at the right hand of 
 God, who alfo maketh inter eeffion for m. 4. As a Solicit or, pre- 
 Jptirfg and promoting the Prayers and defires of his people,, 
 R> his Father, Rev. 3. 1, And another Angel came and food. 
 at the Altar , having a golden Cenfor , and there was given 
 unto him much incenfe, that he flwuid offer it with the prayers 
 of all Saints, upon the golden Altar which was before the 
 "Throne. 
 
 The fifth part of the. Mediators work in executing this Of- 
 fice, is to bring-all thofe whom he hath engaged by this Co> , > 
 venant,to the height of that blefTednefs which he hath ap- 
 pointed for them, that as a Captain of Salvation he might 
 bring -many: Sons to glory,Htb.2. id, which ftandeth in per- 
 fect and glorious conformity with Chrift, and in perfect and: 
 glorious communion with God, ijoh. ji 2, But we know that 
 when he Jh all appear, we fliall be like him, for we frail fee him 
 as heis. For accomplishing whereof, Chrift in executing the 
 Mediators Office, 1. He prepareth that happinefs for them,, 
 and a, fit place where they may enjoy'it for ever, 1 Cor. 2. 
 9, Eye hath net feen, nor ear heard , neither hath it entred 
 into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for 
 them that love him. Joh. 14. 2, $,' In my Fathers houfe are 
 many Man fwns : if it were not fo, J. -would have told you^', J go 
 to. pre pare a place for youx, andnf I go and prepare a place far 
 ywtfl will came again' and receive you. unto my felf, that, where 
 
2 j& Of 'Can Iff execution of the v>hap. XVL 
 
 / am^thereye maybe alfo. i. He keepeth this happinefs for 
 them, when they can contribute nothing to keep it *, all this 
 while that it is hid, it is lure and referved for them in 
 Heaven, iP^.j.4, To an Inheritance incorruptible, and that 
 fadeth not away , referved in Heaven for you. 2 Tim. 4. 8, 
 Henceforth there is laid up for me a Crown of righteoufnefs , 
 which the Lord the righteous Judg fiall give me at that day, 
 and not to me only, but unto them alfo that love his appearing. 
 S • He keepeth them for it : for we have as much need of keeping 
 as our Crown and Inheritance •, as we cannot keep it, fo we 
 cannot keep our ieives,- 1 Pet. 1. 5, Who arc. kept by the power of 
 God through Faith unto Salvation , ready to be revealed in the la ft 
 time. Luke 22. 32, But I have prayed for thee that thy Faith 
 fail not. 4. Chrift Mediator in executing his Office, hego- 
 eth before his people, and breaketh the oppofition that is in 
 .their way to Glory, ib that he leaveth them no Adversa- 
 ry to right with, but broken forces, iuch as he hath routed 
 and conquered, PfaL(&. i3, Thou haft afcended on high, thot^ 
 haft led captivity captive, thou haft received gifts for men, yeM 
 for the rebellions alfo, that the Lord God might dwell among 
 them : with Eph. 4. 8, Wherefore he faith , when he afcended 
 up on high, eke. Yea , he went before his people to take 
 pofTeflion for them, and in their names, Heb. 6. 20, Whither 
 the fore runner is for us entred. Joh. 14.2, I go to prepare 
 a place for you- 5. He roaketh his petfple meet an4 fit for 
 that glorious condition which is referved for them : for we 
 need preparation, being unpolidied matter, and unfit forfuch 
 a houfe as Heaven is: we. muft be made meet for it, before 
 we enjoy ir, Col. 1. 12. Giving thanks unto the Father, which 
 bath made m meet to be partakers of the Inheritance of the 
 Saints in light: the Father doth this work by the Son} it 
 is the Mediators work immediately to make the Saints meet 
 for their Inheritance, Eph. 5.26,27, That he might fantlify, 
 and might cleanfe it with the wajhing of water by the Word : 
 that he might prefenr it to himfelf a glorious Church, not having 
 fpot or wrinkje, or any fuch thing : but that itfhould be holy and 
 without blemijh. Joh. 17. 1 9, And for their fakes I alfo fanttify 
 my felf, that they alfo might be fantlified through the truth : 
 he is the Author and finifher of our faith, Heb. 12. 2. 6". When 
 all^his people are fitted and ready to receive what he hath 
 
 pre- 
 
Chap, XVI. Office of Mediatorfiip. 371 
 
 prepared for them : -he will not then fend -any Ambaflador 
 to bring them, but he himfelf in his own peribn will come 
 and hring them home to the place of immediate everlafting 
 injoymentsof God, which he hath prepared, and will crown 
 and perfect his work in all his people, Job. 14. 3, And if I 
 go and. prepare a place for yon, I will come again and receive 
 yon nnto my fclf that where ham , there ye may be alfo. Col, 
 3. 4, When thrift who is our life frail appear , then frail ye 
 alfo appear with him in Glory. Rev. 1 9. 7, 8 7 Let m be glad 
 and rejoyce, and give honour to him y for the marriage of the 
 Lamb is come^ and his Wife hath made her felf ready. And 
 to her was granted that fre fronld be arrayed in fine iinnen 
 than and white *, for the fine Iinnen is the righteonfnefs wf 
 Saints, 
 
 c H AP, 
 
37 2 Chap.XVIt. 
 
 CHAP. XVIL 
 
 Of the grounds of Comfort and fitpports iff 
 Faith, arifwg to Believers from Chrijis 
 Mediator fbip. 
 
 I Shall fliut up this patt of the Doctrine of Chrifts Me- 
 diatorfhip with ibme grounds of Comfort, and fupports 
 <rf Faith, .which arife thence. 
 
 i. There is Comfort here , and fupgort for Faith to all 
 who are convinced of enmity betwixt God and them, and 
 do defire reconciliation with him : Lo here are glad tidings, 
 there is a Mediator, a Peace-maker betwixt God and men. 
 i He is already long ago defigned and appointed for this 
 Office. 2. He hath already done the work, he hath pur- 
 chafed and proclaimed the Peace, even to Rebels who will 
 come in and accept of it \ Eph. 2. 16, 17, And that he might 
 reconcile both unto God in one body by the Crofs, having /lain 
 the enmity thereby ; and came and preached Peace to yon which were 
 afar off , and to them that were nigh : and being now remo- 
 ved out of our fight, he hath appointed it to be done by 
 his mefTengcrs, Rom. 10. 15, How beautiful are the feet of 
 . them that preach the Gofpel of Peace, and bring glad tidings 
 of good things ? 3. He is now ready to accept of, and make 
 interceffion for all thofe that (hall come in and declare their 
 acceptance of his offer, Heb. 7. 25, Wherefore he is able alfo 
 to fave them to the uttermofi that come unto God by him, 
 feeing he ever- liveth to make interceffion for them : Joh. 6. 3 7, 
 And him that cometh to me, I will in no wife caft out. Why 
 then do you haefitate? Why ftand you off? What aileth 
 you? Is there not here encouragement and fupport of 
 Faith ? Is there not comfort againft the felt-enmity and feared- 
 wrath to come? Joh. I« 29, Behold the Lamb of God which 
 takgth away the Sin of the World. 
 
 *2. There 
 
Chap. XVII. Of the gr &unds of Comfort, &c. 273 
 
 2. There is comfort, and fupport for Faith from Chrifts 
 Nlediatorfhip, namely to Believers, and to thole who have 
 come to God through him. 1. To all forts of Believers. 2. In 
 all the variety of their feveral conditions. $. Againft all 
 their fears and evils wherewith they are affli&ed. 
 
 1. To all Believers, I mean found Believers, 2 V-et. r. i,to* 
 the weak as well as the ftrong, to them who have like pre- 
 cious Faith with the Apoftles, although they have not like 
 perfect and ftrong Faith : he is not a Mediator for the ftrong 
 only, but for all that believe on him, Joh* 6. $7, All that 
 the Father giveth me y Jhall come to me : and him that cometh 
 to me, I will in no wife cafl out. And ,17. 20, Neither fray I 
 for thefe alone, but for them alfothatjlj all believe on me through 
 
 their word. And it is well obferved by .Mr. Goodwin from Goodwin, 
 Heb. <#7. 25, that the comfort and encouragement ipropofcc\ chr $ f et f ortl *° 
 there from Chrifts Interceflion, is fitted for a Recumbents 
 Faith : the proper aft whereof, as 'tis diftinguifhed from the 
 Faith of AfTurance , is a coming to Chrift : he is a Media- 
 tor for all that have caft themlelves on him in their way 
 of coming to God, though their Faith be not yet grown up 
 to aflurance. 
 
 2. To all Believers in their feveral conditions he is Media- 
 tor, and does the Office of a Mediator, not only when Be- 
 lievers can a£l faith, and employ him} but when their Faith 
 is well-near failed, like a worn week, when they are at the 
 weakeft, and at the worft: Luke 22. ^2, But J have frayed 
 for thee that thy Faith fail not. Not only when his eleft 
 people are doing him lervice*, but when they are ignorant- 
 ly oppofing him, as many times they do, efpecially before 
 their Converfion, Aft. 9. 5, 6, I am Jefpu whom thou ferfe- 
 cuteft. — And he trembling and aflonifoed [aid, Lord what 
 wilt thou have me to do f And the Lord [aid, arife and go 
 into the City , and it fljall be told thee what thou mufl do, 
 Luke 2]. 1 4, And Jefm [aid, Father forgive them far they 
 know not what they do. Not only when they are in his way, 
 but when they ate out of the way , Heb. 5. 2, Who can 
 have compajfton on the ignorant, and on them that are out of 
 the way. Not only wtan they can pray, and wrcftle for 
 
 Nn them- 
 
2^4 Of the grounds of Comfort Chap. XVII, 
 
 therafelves, Rev.. 8. 3, And another Angel came and flood at 
 the Altar, having a Golden Cenfor, and there was given unto 
 him mueh Jncenfe, that he jhould offer it with the prayers of 
 all Saints upon the Golden Altar which was before the Throne : 
 but when they cannot utter their heart before the Lord , 
 Rom.%. 26,27, Likewife the Spirit a lf&-helpeth our infirmities: for 
 we know not what we Jhouldprayfor as we ought, bat the Spirit 
 it felf maketh Interceffion for us with growings that cannot be 
 uttered. And he that fearcheth the hearts, knoweth what is 
 the mind of the Sprit, becaufe he maketh Interceffion for the 
 Saints according to the will of God. Ifa. 59. 16, An d he f aw 
 that there was no man, and wondred that there was no Inter- 
 uffor : therefore his arm brought falvation unto him y and his- 
 righteoufnefs it fustained him. Not only when all is well , 
 and at peace, and when nothing is charged againft them*, 
 but when they are under Challenges, and condemning-things 
 are laid to their charge, Rom.%. $3, $4 r Who fi) all lay any 
 thing to the charge of Gods Elect?' it is God that juftifieth r 
 who is he that condemneth ? It is Christ that died, yea rather 
 that is rifen again , who is even at the right hand of God, 
 who alfa maketh interceffion for us. Not only in time of 
 peace, but when wrath and deftru&ion is gone forth againft 
 his people, Ezje\^. 9- 4> And the Lord f aid unto him, Go 
 through the midst of the City, the midft of Jerufalem, andfet 
 a mark^Hpon the foreheads of the men that figh, and that cry 
 for all the abominations that be done in the midfl thereof 
 Zech. 1. 12, Then the Angel of the Lord anfwered and faid, 
 Q Lord of Hofts, how long wilt thou not have mercy on Jeru- 
 falem, and on the Cities of Judah , against which thou haft 
 had indignation thefe Three fcore and ten years ? Not only at 
 their firft coming, but in all their after-addrefTes to God 
 through him, Heb. 7. 25, Wherefore he is able alfo to fave 
 them to the uttermofl that come unto God by him, feeing he ever 
 liveth to ma\$ Interceffion for them : With 4. 14, 16, Seeing- 
 then that we have an High priefi that is paffed into the Hea- 
 vens, let us therefore come boldly unto the Throne of Grace, 
 that we may obtain mercy, and find Grace to help in time of 
 need. 
 
 3. The 
 
Chap. XV IT. ariftng from Chrijis Mediztovfiip. 275 
 
 3. The Comfort and-fupport of Faith flowing from Chrifts 
 Mediatorfhip, reachcth to all the evils wherewith Believers 
 can be afflicted. Namely, 1 . It may comfort againft the 
 daily infirmities wherewith bJievers are cornpafled ; thefe 
 fhall not make a breach betwixt God and us, for as much 
 as Chrifts Mediation is intended to prevent that , 1 Job. 2. 
 1, 2, And if any man fin, we have an Advocate with thz Fa- 
 ther, Jefus Chrifi the righteous : and he is the propitiation for 
 our fins. 2- Againft the many challenges, whether of an accu- 
 (ing-confeience, or of the great accufer of the Brethren, 
 Rom. 8. \\, 34, Who flail lay any thing to the charge of Gods 
 tlecl f It is God that juftifieth who is he that condemneth? 
 lt\ is Chrifi that dyed, yea rather that is rifen again , 
 who is even at the right hand of God, who alfe maketh Inter ^ 
 ceffion for us. j. Againft the more foul and grofs ftumb- 
 lings of Believers, for as much as it is aifo intended for the 
 helping of thefe, Luke 22, 32, But J have prayed for thee, 
 that thy Faith fail net. 4. Againft the fear of their falling 
 away from the blefied Covenant- ftate, with which fear be- 
 lievers have often been - buffeted , Ffal 51. 11, Cafi 
 me not away from thy prefence, and take not thy holy Spirit 
 from me. And 1 7. 5, Hold up my goings in thy paths , 
 that my foot-fteps flip not* It is by Chrifts Mediation that 
 we have cftablifhment in Grace, Job. 6. 39, And this is the 
 Fathers will which hath fent me , that of all which he hath 
 given me I flould lofe nothing, but flould raife it up at the 
 laft day. Rom. 5. 10, For if when we were enemies, we were 
 reconciled, to God by the death of his Son , much more being 
 reconciled we flail he faved by his life. 5. Againft the ma- 
 nifold afflictions wherewith Believers are tofierl here : the 
 Mediator was fometimes an afflicled man, and went through 
 much iufTering , and hath the feeling of thefe, lfa. 5 \. $,7, 
 A man of forrow, and acquainted with griefs-He was op- 
 preffed, and he was afflicted : Ffal. 22 throughout. 6. Againft 
 the many temptations of all kinds which occafion much hea- 
 vinefs to Believers, 1 Fet. 1. 6, Ye are in heavinefs through 
 manifold temptations. The Mediator had the experience of 
 all forts of temptations, and row fympathizeth with his people 
 
 Kn2 like 
 
276 Of the grounds of Comfort Chap. XVII. 
 
 like condition,//^. 2. 17,18, for in that he him f elf hath fuffered 
 being tempted , he is able to fuccour them that are tempted. 
 And 4-15? For we have not an High pr left which cannot be 
 touched with the feeling of our infirmities , but was in att 
 pints tempted like as we are, yet without fin, 7. Againft the 
 empty and needy condition unto which Believers are fubjec% 
 through the manifold wants wherewith they are daily 
 prefTed: We have confidence through the Mediator, to 
 come-fpeed in every petition that is acceptable to God , 
 and profitable to us, 1 Joh. 5. 14, 1 J, And this is the con- 
 , fidence that we have in him, that if we ask^any thing according 
 to his will, he heareth us : And if we know that he hear as, 
 whatjoever we askj, we know that we have the petitions that 
 we de fired of him. Joh. 14. 13, And what fo ever ye fhall as\ 
 in my name , that will I de, that the Father may be glorified in 
 the Son. 8. Againft the fear of death, which is terrible to 
 nature: Joh. 11.25, Jefus faid unto her, I am the re fur- 
 rettion, and the life : he that believeth in me, though he were 
 de ad ^ yet jhall he live, &c. 1 Cor. 15. 26, The lafi Enemy 
 that jhall be defiroyed, is Death. Job 19. 25, for I know that 
 my Redeemer liveth, and that he jljall Hand at the latter day 
 upon the Earth. Joh. 17.2, As thou haft given him power 
 over all flejh, that he fiwuld give eternal life to as many as 
 thou haft given him. 9. Againft the fecond appearing of 
 Chrift ( which is lbmetimes terrible without caufe to be- 
 lievers) and the laft Judgment that (hall be given, con- 
 cerning the everlafting interefts of the creatures : the Man 
 Chrift, whom you have owned for your Mediator, fhall fit- 
 as Judg, Att. 17. go, 31, And the times of this ignorance 
 God winked at , but now commandeth all men every where to 
 repent : Becaufe he hath apponited a day in the which he will 
 judg the world in righteoufnejs, by that man whom he hath 
 ordained. 2Thef.(,7. 10, And to you who are troubled , reft 
 with us— When he frail come to be glorified in his Saints. 
 Then fhall he perform a comfortable act of his Mediator- 
 fhip, J vide ver. 24, Now unto him that is able to keep you 
 from filing and to prefect you fultlefs before the prefence of 
 his glory , with exceeding )0v, &c. 
 
 And 
 
Chap. XVII. arifing front Chrijls Mdiatorfiip. 277 
 
 And there is good ground for all Believers to be com- 
 forted from Chrifts Mediatorfhip, if we confider, 1. The 
 perfon who Mediates. 2. The Perfon with whom he Me- 
 diates. 3. The Perfons for whom he Mediates. 4. The 
 caufe for which he Mediates. 
 
 1. For the Perfon who Mediates: Confider, 1. His 
 Gracioufnefs with his Father , O fo great- a Courtier with 
 God as the Mediator is, Joh. 11. 41 , 42, Father J thanks 
 thee, that thou hafi heard me. And I knew that thou he are ft 
 me alwayes : and no wonder he be fo, being his Son, his 
 only begotten Son, Joh. 1. 18. His beloved Son , Matth. 3. 
 17. His obedient Son, Phil. 2. 8. 2. His Greatnefs andab- 
 folute Power to do of himfelf whatfoever he Mediates for 
 with his Father. Matth. 28. 18, All power is given unto 
 me in Heaven and Earth. Joh. 5. 2i, 23, 26, 27, For as 
 the Father raifeth up the dead, and c\mckneth them *, even fo 
 the Son quichneth whom he will : 'that all men jhould ho- 
 nour the Son, even as they honour the Father : He that ho* 
 noureth net the Son honoureth not the Father that fent him. 
 For as the Father hath life in himfelf , fo hath he given to 
 the Son to have life in himfelf. And Hath given him autho- 
 rity to execute Judgment alfo i becaufe he is the Son of Man. 
 Therefore he is called a Frieft upon a Throne •, a Prieft 
 who is a King, to command whatlbever he prayes for, Heb. 
 1. $. and 8. i, Zech. 6. 13. 3. The onenefs of his will 
 with : his Fathers, which maketh iure the prevalency of his 
 Mediation, being fine to ask nothing but what is his Fa- 
 thers wiil^ and all that he asks being his Fathers will as much 
 as his f, how can it be ineffe&ual ? Joh. 17. 24, Father I will 
 that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be with me where 1 
 am. 
 
 2.. The Perfon with whom he Mediates: Confider. i.His 
 nearnefs of relation both to the Mediator, and to tire Per- 
 fons for whom he Mediates : He is Gfrrtfts Father, and our . 
 J 7 tther, Job. ,20. 17, But go to my brethren and fay nnto them, 
 I afcevdpsyno my Father and yo.ir Father, and to my God and 
 
 ycay 
 
278 Of the grounds of Comfort Chap. XVII. 
 
 your God. 2. His gracioufnefs and affe&ion 'both to Chrift 
 and to us ', he loveth Chrift, and he ioveth us-, and there- 
 fore- it is that he is as inclinable to hear Chrift for his 
 people, as Chrift- is to mediate for them, Joh. 16. 26, 27. 
 At that day ye fiall ask^ in my name , and I fay unto yon , 
 that I will fray the Father for yon. for the Father himfclf 
 loveth you j becaufe ye have loved me, and have believed that I 
 came ont from God. 
 
 3. In the perfons for whom he Mediates: Confider, 
 1. Our nearnefs of alliance with the Medhtor, Heb.2. u, 
 14, 17, For both he that fantlifeth, and they who are fancli- 
 fed are all one : for which caufe he is not af Tamed to call them 
 Brethren. For as much then as the Children are partakers 
 of fief) and blood, he alfo himfelf took^ part of the fame— 
 —Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like un- 
 to his brethren , that he might be a merciful and faithful 
 High-prieft in things pertaining to God y to make reconcilia- 
 tion for the fins of the people. Joh. 17. 2$, / in them, and 
 thou in me , that they may be made perfect in one. 2. Our 
 nearnefs to God through Chrift the Mediator , 2 Cor. 6. 
 18, And 1 will be a father unto you , and ye jhall be my 
 Sons and Daughters faith the Lord God Almighty, &c. 1 Cor. 
 6. ver. 1 7 , But he that is joyn&d to the Lord is one 
 Spirit. 
 
 4. In the Caufe for which he Mediates : Confider, 1. The 
 Righteoufnefs thereof :, Chrift having now fatisfied Juftice, 
 and his caufe being juftified., he hath a ftrong plea in 
 Law and Juftice, 1 Cor. 1. 8, p, 10, Who fli all alfo confirm 
 you unto the end, that ye may be blamclefs in the day of our 
 Lord Jefus Chrift. God is faithful by whom ye were called 
 unto the fellow ftrip if his Son Jefus Chrift our Lord— 
 And 2. 2, For 1 determined not to know any thing among 
 you, fave Jefus Chrift and him Crucified. 2. . The honour- 
 ablenefs of it , not to Chrift only , but to God : his Me- 
 diation being contrived to exalt his fathers Grace by In- 
 tercefiion, even after Juftice is fatisfied by Sacrifice, Hcb.g. 
 
 2 <5> 
 
Chap. XVH. arijlhg from thrifts Mediatorfiip. 279 
 
 26,, Bnt now once in the end of the world hath he appear- 
 ed to put away fin by the facrifice of him f elf. With 7. 25, 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them to the uttermott that 
 come unto God by him , feeing he ever liveth to make mere ef- 
 fort for them. 
 
 GlfA'P. 
 
Chap. XVII. *97 
 
 CHAP. XVIL 
 
 Of the feveral Relations which Cbrift Jujiairu 
 eth in the Covenant of Grace : and, 1. Cbrift 
 a witnefs to the People. 
 
 IT is not cafie to find out and determine all Chrifts relati- 
 ons to the Covenant of Grace, they are ib many and fo com- 
 prehenfive, that I know not whether to lay, that Chrifts re- 
 lations ieem to exhauft the total of the Covenant ; or that the 
 compend and liim of the Covenant is comprized in his relati- 
 ons, which he fuftaineth in it. I fuppofe there is a truth in 
 both *, for whatsoever is neceflarily related to the Co- 
 venant, is in him, whether it be Parties, Articles, Promifes, 
 Conditions , Confirmations , Witnefs , Mediator , MeflTen- 
 ger, &c. and in him is to be found the whole Covenant, 
 therefore he is called the Covenant it felf* Ifa. 4.2, 6. & 
 49.8. 
 
 Chrift hath feveral relations to the Covenant: 1. He i^f^^^f^ 
 a Party Covenanting. 2. He is Mediator of the Covenant, r ^ ^phlf 
 $. He is the witnefs of the Covenant. 4. He is the Meffen-/^. pi 
 ger of the Covenant. 5. He is a Servant in the Covenant. 
 6. He is the Surety of the Covenant. 7. He is the Tefta- 
 tor. 8. He is the Covenant it felf. 
 
 I (hall fpeak nothing here of the firft two relations, how 
 Chrift is a fide, or the one half of the Covenant *, nor how 
 heftandeth as amidol? perfon between the difagreeing Parties. 
 But for thefe I refer to that I have faid of the Parties co- 
 venanting , and of the Mediator of the Covenant } only be- 
 fore I proceed to fpeak of thefe other relations, I fhall pre- 
 mile thefe few things , as being of common ule for under- 
 ftanding of the whole relations. 
 
 Firft, Whatfoeyer relations Chrift beareth in the Cove- 
 nant, he was from Eternity chofen and defigned unto thofein 
 the counfel of God, and by an everkfting Decree, Pfal. 2. 7, / 
 will declare the decree , the Lord hath faid unto me , thou art 
 
 Rr my 
 
2 ^8 Mrift the witmjs Chap. XVIL 
 
 my fo^ this day have I begotten thee :, and Ifa. 42. I, Behold 
 my fervant whom J uphold^ mine deft in whom my foul delight" 
 eth. 
 
 Secondly, Whatfoever relations Chrift fuftaineth in the 
 Covenant, he doth it by voluntary difpenfation, and not by 
 any natural neceffity or compulfion : that he is a Party 
 contracting, or that he is Mediator, or that he is Meffen- 
 ger of the Covenantee, nothing could compel Chrift to 
 put his name in any of thefe relations, it was all of confent ; 
 Phil. 2. 7, But made himfelf of no reputation , and took^ upon 
 him the form of a fervant , and was made in the likenejs of 
 men. Heb. 10. 9, Then [aid he, Lo I come to do thy will % 
 God. 
 
 Thirdly, All thefe relations which Chrift fuftaineth in 
 the Covenant, are all acts of Grace, both upon Gods part, 
 who defigned Chrift unto thefe relations , that he might act 
 Grace in Chrift as the firft copy of Free-grace, and that 
 we might (hare with him*, and alio upon Chi ifts part, who 
 could not be hired to undertake theie relations , knowing 
 what they would coft him *, but the Free-grace of his own 
 heart engaged him in thefe relations: 2. Sam. 7. 2 1, According 
 to thine own heart haft thou done all thefe great things. Rom. 8. 
 32, How frail he not with him alfo, freely give m all things? 
 with Gal. ?, 20, Who loved me, and gave himfelf for me. 
 
 Fourthly, Though in the Covenant of Grace Chrift be 
 difpenfed in all his offices, and and the efficacy and fruit of 
 all theie offices, as appeareth from Ifa. 55. 4, with Rom. 8. 32 > 
 and Jer. ji. 33, 34 *, yet ibme of j his relations which 
 he fuftaineth in the Covenant , do more efpecially reipect 
 one of his offices, and Ibme another*, as alio fome of them 
 directly refpect all his offices : Take for inftances , His relation 
 as Mediator, refpecteth all his offices : His relation as Par- 
 ty contracting, refpecteth all his offices, wherein he was a 
 publick perfon , who did reprefent many : His relation as 
 Surety doth efpecially relate to his Kngly office, in regard of 
 which he was undertaker, and made potent to help, PfaL 
 89. 19. His relations as Witnefs, Meifenger, and Ser- 
 vant, doth refpect efpecially his prophetical office: His 
 relation as Teftator, refpecteth efpecially his Prieftly office,, &c. 
 
 Rfthly, Whatfoever relations Chrift fuftaineth in the Co- 
 venant 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Cove ft ant. igp 
 
 venant of grace,he beareath all thcfc relations by Covenanted 
 by cxplicite contract he hath undertaken them *, fo that as we 
 fay of his offices, he was a King, a Prieft,and a Prophet by Cove-j 
 nant, Pfal. 89. $, I have made a Covenant with my chofen :> I have 
 fworn unto David my fervant: We fay the lame of all his relations 
 in reipeft of the Covenantee is by Covenant and Compatt with 
 God, by the Covenant of Suretifhip, whatibever he is in Cove- 
 nan t-relations.He is by Covenant,Mediator of the Covenanf.Hc 
 is by Covenant , a Party in the Covenant, reprefenting others, 
 He is by a Covenant , the Witnefs , MefTenger , Servant, 
 Surety, Teftator of the Covenant, Heb. 10. 9. 7/4.59.21, 
 & 5$. 10, 11, 12. Heb. 2. 10, 12. Join. 17.2,6, 12, &c. 
 
 Sixthly, For whomfoever he beareth any of thefe relati- 
 one in the Covenant , for them he beareth them all , if he 
 be for, and unto any perfons, Mediator to God-ward, he hath 
 engaged as party contracting with God for fuch perfons } he 
 is become Surety for fuch , he hath and (hall be Witnefs, 
 MefTenger and Servant , for promoting and manifefting the 
 things of this Covenant unto fuch \ he hath tefted in ' his 
 Legacy things pertaining to fuch perfons, &c. //*. 42. 1. 
 & $*• 10. Jw+6. 37. Joh. 17, throughout. 
 
 I proceed now to the third relation which Chrift fuftain- 
 eth in the Covenant of Grace ; he is the Witnefs of the Co- 
 venant, If a. 55.4, Behold , / have given him for a witnefs 
 to the people. Rev. 3. 14, Thefe thing faith the Amen , the 
 faithful and true witnefs. Rev, 1. 5, And from Jefus Chrifi, 
 who is the faithful witnefs. Chrift may be confidered 
 as the witnefs of the Covenant in a double refpecl. 
 1. He is the Witnefs witnejfed. Z. He is the Witnefs wit~ 
 neffwg. The Hebrew word "iy Ghnedis rendred, and doth fre- 
 quently fignifie Teftimonium^ as w r ell as Teftis- 7 and fo the 
 
 LXX render it, I fa- 55.4. m*?™W Chrift is thzTefii- 
 
 moniummd the Tcftis^tht MAprv^or M*f7**, and the papTv'ptov, 
 fee Rev. 3. 14} Write , thefe things faith the Amen-, the faith* 
 fnl and true witnefs \ with 1 Tim. 2. 6, Who gave himfelf 
 a ranfome for all , to be tcftified in due time, Firft, I fay 
 Chrift is the Witnefs witnejfed , or the great evidence and 
 *eftimony of the Covenant betwixt God and his people, 
 ( and in this fenfe a Witnefs is uied frequently in the Scrip- 
 ture to fignifie not only a perfon that beareth teftimony, 
 
 Q3 2 b«t 
 
goo Chrifi the witnefs Chap. XVII. 
 
 but for any thing that doth evidence as a witnefs: Heb. n. 
 4, By which he obtained witnefs^ that he was righteous; God tefti- 
 fying of his gifts, Luk. 22. 71, And they faid, what need we 
 any further witnefs , for we our felves have heard of his oven 
 mouth)? For, Firft, He is given of God as the great evi- 
 dence of Covenant-love, and of that ipecial good-will to tin- 
 ners which gave the firft rife to the Covenant, Joh. 3. 16, 
 for God fo loved the world , that he gave his only begotten 
 fon , that whofoever believeth in him , Jhould not perijh, but 
 have everlafting life. Luk. 2. 10, 11, And the Angel f aid unto 
 them , fear not; for behold I bring you good tidings of great 
 jay , which jhall be td all people ; for unto you is born this day, 
 in the city of David , a Saviour y which is Chrifi the Lord. 
 Secondly, He is given as the great evidence of Covenant- 
 intereft, and relations betwixt God and finners, as the fign 
 and evidence that the difagreeing parties are made one in 
 him : I fa. 7. 14, Therefore the Lord him f elf jhall give you a 
 fign: Behold , a, virgin Jhall conceive and bear a Son , and 
 jhall call his name Immanuel. Thirdly, As the great evidence 
 and witnefs of Gods fulfilling all the promifes of the Covenant, 
 2 Cor. 1. 20, For all the promifes of God in him are Yea, and in 
 him they are Amen; therefore Chrift was of old given as 
 the fign of fulfilling all promifes , and accomplishing all de- 
 liveries to the Church before his coming in the flefh. Zech. 
 6. 12, and he Jhall build the temple of the Lord^ Ifa,7. 14. 
 Fourthly, As the great evidence and witnefs of the ftanding- 
 perpetuity of thefe Covenant-relations betwixt God and his 
 people, Pfal. 89. 54, 35, 37, My Covenant will I not breaks 
 nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have 1 
 fworn by my holinefs , that I will not lye unto David. It Jhall 
 be efiabliJJoed for ever as the moon : and as a faithful witnefs 
 in heaven. Selah* Fifthly, As the great evidence of the na- 
 ture and complexion of the Covenant , he is fo given of 
 God for a -witnefs, that all the Covenant is comprifed in 
 him, /y^.42. 6, And will give thee for a Covenant of the peo- 
 ple , for a light of the Gentiles : and therefore alfo when it 
 was firft revealed , there was nothing heard of but this 
 witnefs Chrift, in the promife of whom all the Covenant, 
 the union of God and man, was fummed up, (?«*, 3.15, 
 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman , and be- 
 
 tween 
 
Chap. XVH. of the Covenant. '301 
 
 rween thy feed and her feed? it jhall bmife thy head, and thou 
 jhalt brmfe his heel. 
 
 If Chrift be given to the people for a witnefs in this 
 fenlb; then, 1. You who are under the Preaching of this 
 Gofpel , qua f&dm annnciathm^ confider the office of Chrift, 
 and underftand it as the great witneis and evidence of Gods 
 commanding and approving will , that you (hould enter in- 
 Covenant with him , and that you ought to believe on the 
 Son of God j and know for a certainty, that if you obey not 
 the command of believing and taking hold of this Covenant, 
 the offers of Chrift that hath been made unto you , (hall 
 be for a witneis and evidence that fhall acquit the Lord 
 of your condemnation, and (hall cut off all excufe from you, 
 in as much as your Obligation and Duty to believe, was re- 
 vealed unto you , and the offer of Chrift is the witneis of 
 this, to all the people who have heard the Gofpel, \Joh.$. 
 2 3, And this is his commandment , that we jhould believe in 
 the name of his [on Jefns Chrift. Joh. 1 5. 25, /// had not come 
 and ffoken unto them , they had not had fin : but now they 
 have no cloaks for their fin. 
 
 2. To iiich as have the Covenant of grace a^ted in an 
 erTe&ual and powerful way upon their hearts , according to 
 Gods Decree and Will of purpofe •, I mean, fuch as have 
 been brought under the bond of this Covenant upon their 
 hearts, Ez.ek. 20. 37, in which ienfe the Covenant is fpoken 
 °f> 7 er - 3 1? and Ezekj $6,&c. 1 would have you to under- 
 ftand Gods giving of Chrift unto you, as he doth intend h y 
 to wit, as a witnefs and teftimony of his Covenant with 
 you , as the greateft evidence and demonftration that can 
 be of his Covenant-love to you , of your Covenant-intereft 
 in him , of the continuance of that Covenant-relation be- 
 twixt you and him , and of the nature and iiibftance of that. 
 Covenant : you fearch for witneifes within you , and from 
 Heaven, to teftifie of your Covenant-ftate through grace*, 
 you long for that which may evidence it iatisfyingly unto 
 you ( and it may be moft of us fin more on the other hand, 
 through neglect of iearching after thefe witnefles which are 
 attainable)^ but it's a pity that believers who have received 
 Chrift freely given to them by God , fhould flight the 
 greateft witnefs that ever God gave to his people •, a wit- 
 neis 
 
go3 Chrifl the roiintfs Chap, XVH. 
 
 nefsis at hand, and you receive not theteftimony thereof: it 
 may of this be f aid , He that believeth on the fon of God hath 
 the witnefs in himfclf i Joh. 5. 10, 11, 12. He hath Chrift 
 the great witnefs of theCove uintjand who knows but we may be 
 left of God to wander the more in the dark,about our Covenant 
 ftate, becauie we lay ib little weight upon the having of him 
 . whom God hath given for a witnefs to the people ? O let us not 
 tempt God by flighting him thus ^ but let us look upon the hav- 
 ing of him given to us, as the witneis of all theie things before- 
 mentioned , concerning a Covenant betwixt God and us, he 
 being given of God tor this end , io may we find the door 
 and way which we grope for , how to be eflabliihed in the 
 faith of our Covenant-relation to God. 
 
 But I come to ipe&k of the fecond, which I take to be. 
 chit-fly meant, Chrifl: is the Witnejs witnejfwg, or the perfon 
 who beareth witneis of all that is contained in the Covenant : 
 For opening of this, confider theie four particulars. Chrift is 
 the Beholding \Witnc\s y the Acting witnefs , the Dsclaring-wit* 
 nds , the Confirming-vtitxidLs of the Covenant. 
 
 1 . Chrifl: is an Eye-witnefs of the Covenant *, that is , he 
 was prefent, and heard and law the whole trania&ion of the 
 Covenant, from the beginning to the end j in which refpeft the 
 Scriptures call peribns prcfent at any thing, and beholders of it, 
 witneffes, \ Tim t 6. iZ. & 2. ZZ. 1 Joh- 1. z, 3, becauie they 
 are fit to bear witnefs in that thing, having certain grounds 
 of knowledg of it : Thus was our Lord Jeiiis a fit witnefs 
 of the Covenant , for he was prefent at the very firft moti- 
 on of it, and heard and law all the convey of it, Prov.S.zz, 
 2 h $°5 The Lord poffeffed me in the beginning of his way, 
 before his works 0; old. I was fet up from everlafling , from 
 the beginning * or ever the earth was, then I was by him , as 
 one brought up with htm\ and I was day ly his delight ,- re- 
 joycing always before him. 2 Tim. I. 9, Who hath faved ns y 
 and called pis with an holy calling , not according to onr workj* 
 fait according to his own purpofe and grace , which was given 
 us in Chrift Jefns ? before the world began. So that we may 
 lay of him in reference to the Covenant-trania&ion , that 
 which John faith o; him with reference to creation, Job.i. 
 2, ; 3 The fame was in the beginning with God , all things 
 were made fa> him^ and witbm him was not any thing made 
 
 that 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Covenant. 303 
 
 that wot made. Nothing was done in that bufinefs without 
 him , neither indeed could it be , he being not only prefent, 
 but the alone party with whom God had firft dealing with 
 reference to this Covenant. 
 
 2. Chrift is an Atting-witnefs of the Covenant, who not 
 only was preient, and did fee the whole traniaction of that 
 bufinefs^ but had an active hand in if, yea it was acted 
 upon his perfon, when before Tontiw Pilate he witneffed a 
 good confeffion, 1 Tim. 6. 13: and in this fenfe it is that the 
 Apoftle /Vrer, 1 Ep.$ y calleth himMi zWitnefs of the fujferwgs 
 of Chrift : becauie he had experience of them in his own 
 perf( n ; he was partaker of them , and had them acted up- 
 on him. Tis beyond queftion, that Chrift was iuch a wit- 
 nefs of the Covenant, he had an active hand in it from be- 
 ginning to the end, in the making of it, and in the fulfilling of 
 it} he was a prime actor and undertaker from eternity. 
 Hence it is that the Apoftle, Heb.S. io ; 11, aicribes the 
 making of the new Covenant, to Chrift ; for its of him and 
 his Miniftry that the Apoftle fpeaks in that place •, lb Joh. 
 17. 2, 6, &c. As thou haft given him power over all flejh, that 
 he ftwuld give eternal life to as many as then hsft given him. 
 I have manifefted thy name unto the men which thou gave ft me 
 out of the world : Thine they were , and thou gave ft them me j 
 and they have kept thy word-) Joh. 15. 15: for all things that 
 I have heard of my father , / have made known unto you : 
 yea, I lay the whole Covenant was acted upon him , the 
 union of the contrary difagreeing parties was acted upon his 
 perfon*, the bringing of man near to God, and Gods coming 
 near to man*, the paying of the ranfome, and the accepta- 
 tion of it , it was acted upon him ; it was a bloody act up- . 
 on his perfon, If a. 53, throughout. Zech. 13-7, Awake, O 
 fword y again ft my ftjepherd , and again ft the man that is my 
 fellow, faith the Lord ofhofts\ fmiie the jl:epherd. 2 Cor- 5. 
 19, To wit , that God , was in Chrift, reconciling the world 
 unto himfelfj not imputing their trefpaffes unto them. 
 
 $. Chrift is the witnels of the Covenant y who did de- 
 clare and reveal the great fecret of the Covenant, even all 
 that he heard, and faw> and acted about it - y he doth witnels 
 and declare even the whole Counfel of God concerning his 
 Covenant } his purpofe and will of grace concerning his peo- 
 ple y 
 
3^4 cf ' r} J l * fje w'tvefi Chap. XVII. 
 
 pit , which things we had never known, had not the wit- 
 ncfs of the Covenant revealed and declared them, Pfal. 25. 
 14 5 The fecret of the Lord is with them that fear him: and 
 he will ftjew them his Covenant, Joh. I. 18, No man hath feen 
 God at any time : the only begotten [on which is in the bofome 
 of the father , he hath declared him. Eph.2. 17, And came and 
 preached pace to yon which were afar off', and to them that 
 were near. The reafon is manifeft, becaufe Natures light, 
 which can fhew fbmething of God, yet it's utterly blind 
 concerning Chrift and the Covenant of grace. iCor. 2.7, 8^ 
 12. But we fpeak^the wifdom of God in a myftery, even the hid- 
 dtn wifdom which God ordained before the world, unto our glo- 
 ry, which none of the princes of this world knew : For had they 
 known it , they would not have crucified the Lord of Glory. 
 Now we have received , not the [pint of the world , but the 
 /pint which is of God , that we might know the things that are 
 freely given to us of God. Mat. 1 3. 1 1, He anfwered and J aid 
 unto them , becaufe it is given unto you to know the my ft tries 
 of the kingdom of Heaven , but to them it is not given. And 
 in this fenfe it is that the Minifters of the Goipel who re- 
 veal and declare that myftery, are called witneffes, A&. 1. 8. 
 Rev. 11. 3, 10. There be three great myfteries and fecrets of 
 the Goipel and Kingdom of Heaven, which had never 
 been known unleis Chrift the witnefs of the Covenant had 
 declared them , but by him they are revealed and difcovered 
 unto us. 
 
 1. The myftery of the Covenant, the Gofpel-Covenant, is 
 one of the greateft myfteries that ever the world heard of ^ 
 Eph. 6. 1 9. To make known the myftery of the GofpeL Col. 1. 
 26, Even the myftery which hath been hid from ages and 
 from generations , but now is made manifeft to his faints. It's 
 a treafure of hidden myfteries of fcience and knowledg, truly 
 fo called*, Pfal. 19. 7, 8,' knowledg of God arfd of our felves, 
 Joh. 1 7. 6, I have manifefted thy name unto the men which 
 thou gaveft me out of the world. Job 42. 5, 6, But now mine 
 eye feet h thee, wherefore I abhor my felf, and repent in duft and 
 ajlies. A treafure of myfteries of commerce and trade with the 
 Land that is afar off, 1 mean with Heaven: Col. 3. 1,2, 3, If ye 
 then be rifen with Chrift yfeek^thofe things which are above , where 
 Chrift fitteth on the right hand of God: ftt your afetlion on things 
 
 above. 
 
v>hap. XVII. 0] the Covtndm* 305 
 
 above , not on things on the earth *, for ye are dead, and your, 
 life is hid with Chrift in God. A treafure of the my fteries of State] 
 of the Kingdom of Heaven, Matt. 1 3. 1 1, He anfwered and 
 [aid unto them, Becaufe it is given unto you to know the] 
 myfteries of the Kingdom of Heaven , but to them it is not 
 given. A treafure or the myfteries of intelligence and fecrets 
 of correipondence, about what is doing in Heaven and Earth,! 
 Pfal. 25. 14, The fecret of the Lord is with them that fear 
 \nm: and he will fjjew them his Covenant. 'Gen. 8. 1 7, And 
 the Lord J aid , flail I hide fron Abraham that thing which I 
 do} A treafure of the myfteries of duty, or of the approving, 
 commanding will of God in all cafes, Ifa.%. 20, To the law t 
 and to the teftimovy : If they fpeai^ not according to this word, 
 it is becaufe there is no light in them. Pfal. 119, 9, Where- 
 with flail a your*? man cleanfe his way i by taking heed there- 
 to accordi-ag to thy word. A treafure of the myiteries of di- 
 ipeniations, whereby we may know the moft unknown footfteps 
 of providence in dark difpeniations, Pfal. 77. 19, And thy 
 footfteps are mt known: with Pfal. 73. 17, Vntil I went unto 
 the fanftuary of God-, then under flood I their end. A treafure 
 of the myfteries of the fecret Counfels and will of God, as 
 it's, acted upon the hearts of men, Eph. 1.9, Having made 
 kjwwn unto ns the myfterie of his will , according to his good 
 pleafure , which he had purpofedin hitnfelf.li?b> 6. 17, Where- 
 in God willing more abundantly to flew unto the heirs of pro- 
 mife , the immutability of his counfel^ confirmed it by an Oath. 
 A treafure of myfterious paradoxes, and feeming contradicti- 
 ons , wherewith the Gofpel-Covenant is filled, Gal. 2. 20, / 
 am crucified with Chrift', neverthelefs I live', yet not I 9 but 
 Chrift liveth in me , and the life which I now live in the flefl, 
 I live by the faith of the fon of God , who loved me , and gave 
 him f elf for me. 
 
 2. The myftery of Chrift, Eph. 3. 4, Whereby when ye 
 read, you may under ft and my knowledg in the myftery of 
 Chrift. Col. 2.2, To the acknowledgment of the myftery of God, 
 and of the father, and of Chrift. There is a complication of 
 myfteries in him ; he is all fecrets •, which had never been 
 known unlefs himfelf had witnefTed and declared them*, the 
 wifeft mitural Politicians, are ftupid here, 1 Cor. 2.8, Which 
 none of the princes of this world knew : for had they known if, 
 
 Rr they 
 
2qQ. i~ort}iine wttmjs i^nap. avii. 
 
 they would net have crucified the Lord of glory. Hence it is 
 that he is lb often fpoken of, with a [_Beholdr\ ; There is a 
 myfterie in his name •, all his names need an interpreter,, 
 need his own declaration and witnefnng, Jer. 23.6, And 
 this is his na-e whereby he flail be called: The Lord our 
 rightcoujnejs. Rev. 19. l£, And his name is called., the word of 
 God. M-t. 1.2;, Behold , a virgin flail be with child, and 
 flail bring forth a fori, and they flail call his name Emmanuel, 
 which being wterpi eted, is, God with us. There is a myftcrie 
 in his perion, a high myftcrie in his natures, the union of 
 two natures in that blefled perion, 1 Tim. 3. 16, jpiKppith-, 
 out comr over fie , great is the myfterie cf godly nefs : God was 
 manifefl in the flefl , yuftifed in the Spirit , feen of Angels , 
 py cached unto the Gentiles , believed on in the world > received, 
 up into glory. A myfterie that cannot be throughly un- 
 derstood in this life. There is a myfterie in his offices, in his 
 bearing them, and in his exercifing them, Heb.f. 11, Of whom 
 we have many things to Jay , and hard to be uttered, feeing 
 ye are dull of hearing. Heb. 8. 1, Now of the things which we 
 have fpoken , this is the fum: we have fuch an High-priefl who- 
 is fet on the right hand of of the throne of the Mayfly in the. 
 Heavens . A myfterie in his union with his Church, and his in- 
 habitation in them, which are referred to be throughly 
 underftood till the day when Chiift fhall come again. Eph.<$. $ 2, r 
 This is a great my flerie : But I fpeakjeoncerning Chnfl and the 
 Church. Col. 1.27, To whom God, would make known, what, 
 is the riches of the glory of this my flerie among the Gentiles, 
 which is Chrift in you the hope of glory. Joh. 14.20, At that, 
 day ye flail know that I am in my father , and y-ou in me, and 
 I in you. ^ 
 
 3. The myftery of the Golpel-righteoufhefs and way of 
 juftifying and faving Tinners : This is the myftery upon which, 
 many wife, learned men have ftumbled , becauie it hath not 
 been revealed unto them by the witneis of the Covenant r 
 Rom.y. 3 1, 32, 33, But Ifrael which followed after the law of 
 riy heoufnefs , hath not attained to the law of righteoufnefs ', 
 wherefore , becaufe they fought it not by faith , but as it were 
 by the works of the law : for they ftumbled at that ftumbling- 
 flone - as it is written, behold, I lay in Sion- a ftuwbling- 
 fl^ne. 9 md rock^of offence ; and x whofloevtr belkvstb on him, flail 
 " not 
 
Chap. XVII. of tU Covenant* go;*' 
 
 not be afimmed. I Cor. I. 20, 2 3, Wfor* jj the wife ? Vthere It 
 //?? ycrita . ? wfor* jj the difputer of this world ? hath not God 
 made foolif) the wifdom of this world l But we f reach Chrift 
 crucified, unto the Jews a ft iwblwg- blocks, and unto the Greeks 
 fooliftmefs. You may obferve feveral great myfteries concern- 
 ing the Gofpel-righteoufnefs ; There is, 
 
 1. A myftery in the imputation of it to us: what greater 
 myftery, than that a real Righteoufneis mould . come .to us 
 by the imputation of the righteoufneis of another ! 2 Cor. 5. 
 21, For he hath made him to be fin for us , who kriew no fin, 
 that we might be made the righteoufnefs of Gcd in him. 
 
 2. There is a myftery in , the inftrument apprehending 
 this righteouihefs , I mean in Faith, 1 Tim. $.9, Holding the 
 myftery of the faith: Which is a my fterious hidden grace in 
 the manner of its life and acting, Col. 3. 1, For ye are dead, 
 and your life is hid with Chrift in God. 
 
 $. There is a myftery in the perfons to whom it is impu- 
 ted , or rather in the imputation of it with reference to the 
 perfons unto whom it is imputed *, a palling by of the wot- 
 thieft in the worlds acount, and imputing it to the nothings 
 of the earth, Heb. 2. 16, for verily he tool^not on him the na- 
 ture of Angels ', but he tooh^ on him the feed of Abraham. 
 1 Cor. 1.26,27, For ye fee your calling, brethren, how that 
 not many wife men after the flefj, not many mighty , not many 
 noble are called-, but God hath, cho fen the foolijh things of the 
 world, to confound the wife : and God hath chofen the weak^ 
 things of the world to confound the things that are mighty : 
 Which hath been matter of wonder unto many. 2 Sam. 7.18. 
 Then went King David in, and fate before the Lord, and he 
 faid, Who am I , O Lord God, 'and what is ?ny houfe , that 
 thou haft . brought me hitherto ! All thefe, and many things 
 more, concerning the Covenant, had never been known, if 
 the Witnefs of the Covenant had not revealed, them and tefti- 
 fied of them, Joh. 17. 6, I have manifefted thy name unto the 
 men which thou gave ft me out of the world. 
 
 4. Chrift is the Witnefs of the Covenat , who eftabtifaeth 
 zpA covfirmeth the truth of all that is contained in it: Chrift 
 the true and. faithful witnefs, hath fworn it, and tcftified all 
 the Articles, of the Covenant upon Oath, Rev'. 3. 14. Thefe 
 things }akh the Amen, the faithful and true witnefs. 2 Cor. 1. 
 ' Rr2 " 20. 
 
5 c-8 Chrifi the Witnefs Chap. XVII. 
 
 20, For in him all the promifes of God are Tea-, and 
 in him they are Av.cn. I iky, he is the Witnefs who hath e- 
 ftablifhed the Covenant by his teftimony, and that in two 
 reipefts : i. He hath fct his Seal to the Covenant, and at- 
 tended all that is in it, Rev. 21.5, And he [aid unto ne y write: 
 for thefe words aro true and faithful. Rev. 22. 6, And he J aid 
 unto me , thefe fdpngs are faithful and true, 2. He faith 
 and fweareth that all things contained in the Covenant are 
 true*, the true and faith :ul Witnefs of the Covenant teftifieth 
 thefe things , and iaith Amen to them all. All that is con- 
 tained in the Covenant may be fummed up in Commands, Pro- 
 mifes, Conditions, Threatnings, Predictions and Exceprions •, 
 the truth of all which the witnefs of the Covenant hath tefti- 
 6ed and fworn : 1 . Commands : this is the great command 
 of the new Covenant, That ye believe on the fon of Cody 1 Joh. 
 3.23. Chrift the Witnefs of the Covenant teftifieth, that 
 that is the revealed will of God *, he hath laid it, and fworn 
 that it is true*, nothing would pleafe his father better, Joh. 
 6. 40. And this is the will of him that fent me , that every 
 tne which feeth the fon, and believeth on him , may have ever- 
 lafting life : and I Will raife him up at the lafi day. The new 
 Covenant commandeth that we be holy, and that we love God, 
 and live to him who hath loved us *, and love one another, ckc. 
 1 Pet. I. 16, Be ye holy, for 1 am holy. 2 Cor. 5. 15, And 
 that he died for ally that they which live, fliould net henceforth 
 live unto themfelves^ but unto him which dud for them, and rofe 
 again. Pial. 3 1 . 2 3, O love the Lord all ye his Saints : for the 
 Lord preferveth the faithful. Gal. 5. 14, For all the law is ful- 
 filled in one word } even in this. Thou jiialt love thy neighbour as 
 thy felf. And the Witnefs of the Covenant, Chrift, teftifieth 
 ttiat it is true indeed \ thefe things are the Will of God, 
 Mark^ 12/30, And thou jhalt love the Lord thy God with all 
 thy heart j and with all thy foul, and with all thy mind , and 
 with all thy ftrength: this is the firfi commandment. Joh. 
 13. 34, A new covimandment I give unto you, that ye love 
 one another as I have loved you *, that ye alfo love one another. 
 Mat. 5. 4$, Be ye therefore perfect, even as your father which 
 is in Heaven, is perfect. 2. Promifes and Propofals of mer- 
 cy and good things. The Covenant propofeth and promifeth 
 life to finners through the death of Chrift, Rom. 4. 15, Who 
 
 was 
 
Chap. XVI 1. of the Covenant. 309 
 
 was delivered for our offences , and was raifed again for ear 
 yifttfi cation. Rom. .25, VI horn God hath fet forth to be a fro- 
 fit lation through faith in his blood , to declare his righteoujnefs 
 for the remiffion of fins that are paft , through the forbearance 
 of God. Rom. 5.8, 9, In that while we were yet fwners^ Chrifl 
 died for us ; much more then being now juftified by his bloody 
 we Jhall he faved } from wrath through him. And Chrift the 
 Witneis of the Covenant teftifieth thefe thing?, and iaiththat 
 they are the true and faithful layings of God, Rev. 1. \S, 
 J am he that liveth, and was dead-, and behold I am alive for 
 evermore, Amen-, and have the keys, of Hell and of Death. 
 I Tim. 1 . 1 5, This is a faithful faying, and worthy of all ac- 
 ceptation, that Jefus Chrift came into the world to fave firmer s, 
 of whom J am chief. Luk. 1 9. 10, For the Jon of man is come 
 to feeh^and to fave that which was loft. The Covenant propo- 
 poieth and promifeth peace with God upon eafie terms,free- 
 gifted righteouihefs, perfect Holinefs, compleat Victory over 
 all the adverfaries of our happinefs, 2 Cor. 5. 19, 21. Rom. $. 
 21, to the 27. and 5. 15, to 20. Ez.c\^. $6. 25, &c. Chnttthe 
 Witnefs of the Covenant teftifieth fteie things, be crftab'ifh- 
 eth them all, 2 Cor. 1. 20, For all the promifes of God U him 
 are Yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us^ He 
 faith Amen to them all, and i wear eth that they are true, 
 Rev. 21.5, And he faid unto me, write \ for thefe words are 
 true and faithful , Rev. 22. 6. And he faid unto we, thefe fay- 
 tngs are faithful and true. Where the Witncf> of the Cove- 
 nant fetteth his Seal of Confirmation unto all that is pro- 
 mifed in the Gofpel-Covenant. 3. Thefe things which the 
 new Covenant promifeth, it promifeth upon Condition of 
 Faith, it promifeth them only to the believer, Rom. 10.9, 
 That if thou fhalt confefs with thy mouth the Lord Jefus , and 
 fialt believe in thine heart, that God bath raifed him from the 
 dead, thou fa alt be faved. Rom. 3. 22. Even the right eoufnefs 
 of God, which is by faith of Jefus Chrift unto all, and upon all 
 them that believe : for there is no difference. Joh. 1. 12, But as 
 many as received him, to them gave he power to become the fons 
 of God, even to them that believe on his name. Chrift the 
 Witneis of the Covenant teftrfieth , that that is true; if ye 
 believe not, ye fhall never be the better off any thing propo- 
 sed by the new Covenant} and if ve believe, Ve $\i%Joh. 3. 
 
 J8.30V 
 
g 10 " Cbrifl the WHnefs Chap. XVII. 
 
 ■\$. \6, He that befievetb on him, is not condemned: but he 
 
 th.-tt ■ biluveth not, is condemned already, became .he .hath not 
 bdicved in the name of the only begotten [on of God. He that 
 bclnveth on .the [on , hath everlafting life , and he that believ- 
 eth not the [on , flail not [ee life : bnt the wrath of God abid- 
 cth on him. Joh. I i. 40, Jefits [aith unto her, [aid I not unto 
 .thee, that i[ thou wouldfi believe, thou flwuldft Jee the glory of 
 -God? 4. There are alio Trjreatnings annexed unto the Cov\- 
 f ntj, denouncing wrath and the vengeance of the Goipel, up- 
 on ail unbelievers and wilful rejecters of the new Covenant, 
 iThef. 1.8, In flawing fire , taking, vengeance on them that 
 .know not Cod, and that obey not the Go[pel of our Lord Jefus 
 Chrifi. .1 Cor. 16. 22, If sw'y man love not the Lord Jefus 
 g let hiv- be, Anathema Maranatha* And denouncing 
 woe, and evil to the Hypocrite m hrart, to the backflider, 
 1 lie carclefs ileker of God , to the barren fruitless proiei- 
 ibr, Mat. 2]. 1 3, But wo unto you Scribes -andPharifces, Hy- 
 pocrites. Rev. 2. 5, fce.zctfbcr therefore from whence thou art 
 fallen , and repr.:t r and dp thy firjt workj , or elfc I will , come 
 uqto.tke qiucl-^fdnd willrtmovc thy candlefiich^out of his place, 
 except then repent. ReVj. 3.16, So then, becaufe thou, art luke- 
 yvaroj, and neither cold nor hot , I will [pew thee out o[ my 
 mouth. Heb. 6.8, But that which bear eth thorns and briars is 
 rejeued, and is nigh unto curfing, who[e end. is to be burned* 
 Chrift the Witncts -pf the Covenant teftiheth theie things, 
 and affirmeth they are the true layings of God,, as well as 
 his' promlfes, Rev . 3. 14. Write, theje thi?;gs [aith the Amen, 
 the faithful and true witnefs. Joh. 3. 18, But he that believeth 
 not, it condemned already^ Joh. 8. 24. 1 [aid. therefore unto you, 
 that ye [mil die in your fins ) for if ye believe not that I am he, 
 ye fiall die in your fins. 5. There are Predictions and Pro- 
 phefies in the Gofpel-Covenant, I mean efpeciaHy thele which 
 concern Eternity^ the laft Judgment, Hell and Heavenjwhich 
 <re the things that are lead believed of all that ever men 
 heard tell of.. C'hnff the Witnefs of the Covenant : teftih*eth 
 .alio, that theie things are true. ; the Covenant telleth us that 
 this world flu 11 have an ejid,,. and- time ftall pe,_ no/ ; nrore, 
 
vnap* Avar. oj ine Lovenanr. gH 
 
 3-, 10, But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the 
 nighty in the which the Heavens pall pafs aWay with a great 
 notfe, and the elements pall melt with ferve?.t hear; the earth 
 aljby a<id the works that are therein, pall be bur?it up. Chiui 
 the Witnefs of the Covenant, teftibeth and ivveareth that is 
 true, .^y. 10.5,6, And the Angel which I [aw ftand upon thefca, 
 and upon the earthy lift up his hand to Heave n x and.fw'are by hi-n 
 that Lveth forever and ever ,who created Heaven, and the things 
 that therein arc ^and the earth and the things that therein arc, and 
 the Zealand the things which are therein,, that there pould be time no 
 longer .The Covenant iaith,thatGod hath appointed a day where- 
 in Chriftfhall jndg the world, and all (hall bow to him. Act. 17. 
 31, Because he hath appointed a day in the which he Will \udg 
 the world in righteoufnefs , by that, man whom he hath ordain- 
 ed. And this witnefs of the Covenanant teftineth an:i con- 
 firmeth that with an Oath, Rom' 14. 10, H, 12, We pall all 
 ft and before the judgment feat of Chnfi ; for it is written , As 
 I live y faith the Lord, every knee pall bow to me, and every tongue 
 pall con fefs to God, fo then every one of us pall give account of 
 fcmfelfto God. The Covenant faith, there is a Hell and a Heaven, 
 there is a refting-ptace prepafed for, the people of God, and a 
 place of torment for all the wicked, 1 Cor. 2. q, 10, pm, as it is 
 written y eye hath not feen^ nor ear heardy, neither hath entred 
 into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them 
 that love him. But God hath revealed them unto us by his fpirit : 
 for the fpirit fearcheth all things ■', ye a, the deep things of God .- 
 Luk. 16. 2 ^ -And in Hell he lift up his eyes , being in tor~ 
 ment, and feeth Abraham afar vjf, and Laz+arm in his bofome d 
 Rev. 14. 10, ii 5 The fame pall drink^ of the wine of the wrath 
 of God,, which is poured out without mixture Jnto the cup of his 
 indignation , and he pall be tormented with fire and brimfcone 
 in pre fence of ? the holy Angels , and in the pre fence of the 
 lamb : and the f mo ak^of their torment afcendeth up for ever and 
 ever. The Witnefs of the Covenant teitifieth that; theie things 
 are true , for. he vyas both in Hell and Heaven, i. e, he faw 
 both, andtaftexLof the things that are in them, PfaL 16. 10, 
 For thou wilt not leave my foul in Hell. Luk. 23.43, J e ftts 
 [aid unto him, Verily J fay, unto thee-, to. day thou pah be wilh 
 me in paradife. joh fl 1 7, 5, And now O father glorifie- thou. 
 **e, w^h thine mn felf, With the glory' which I had ppith thee 
 
 before - 
 
jra chnjt the Wiinofs <Jhap> xvn. 
 
 before the world was. 6. There are Exceptions and Refervati- 
 6ns of rhe crofles and affliction; in feveral cafes, by the Go- 
 venat, Pfat. 8y. jo, $2, If his Children for fake my law , then 
 mil I vifit their tranfgreffions with the rod. The Witnefs of 
 the Covenant teftifieth it is true, and confirmeth it by making 
 it an exprefs Rdervation and Exception in all bis dealings 
 with his people, Lw^.9.2?, And he faid unto them all, If 
 any man will come after me, let him deny him f elf, and take up his 
 irofs^daily and follow me. Luk. 14,27. And whofoever doth not bear 
 his crofs,and comt after me, cannot be my Difciple, Mat. 16.24. 
 Then faid Jtfus unto his Difciples, if any man will come after me, 
 let himAeny him f elf , and take up his crofs and follow me. 
 
 2. The Covenant may be laid to beeftablifhed and confirm- 
 ed by Chrift the Witnefs, in regard that it is his witnds that put- 
 teth an end to controverfies about all things pertaining to 
 the Covenant ; for in- him they have a double eftablifh- 
 tnent^ they are lure in themfelves, and they are lure unto 
 us. 1. All which is contained in the Covenant is firm and 
 lure in Chrift, 2 Cor. 1.20, for all the promfes of God in 
 him Are yea, and in him, A en, unto the glory of God by *4| 
 Aft. 13. 54) -And m concerning that he raijed him up fro n 
 the dead, vow no more to return to corruption, he faid on this 
 wife, I will give you the fure mercies of David. His Witnefs 
 makes it certain that there are fuch things , and that thefe 
 things are irrevocable and unalterable , not to be done away 
 nor broken, becaufe the Oath of God and witnefs of his 
 Chrift is in this Covenant, which was not in the fir ft Co- 
 venant, PfaL$$. $4, 35, My Covenant will I not break,: nor 
 alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have 1 fworn by my 
 holincfs,that 1 wtil not lye unto David. 2.His witnels maketh them 
 fure to us, as well as fure in themfelves *, for it is that which 
 puts the bufinels of our lalvation beyond doubting , at leaft 
 fliouldput it beyond doubting, becaufe we haveChrifts teftimo- 
 ny for it ,he hath made it a fworn article of the Covenant, Heb.6. 
 17, 1%, Wherein God willing more abundantly tofhew unto the heirs 
 o c premifey the immutability of his counjel y confirmed it by an 
 Oath (to wit, the Promife and Covenant made and con- 
 firmed with Abraham by the Ange! of the Covenant ) , that 
 by two immutable things , in which it was impofftble for God 
 to lye 9 we might have a flrong cmfolation , who have fled for 
 
 reftgg: 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Cavenanh 313 
 
 refuge to lay hold upon the hope fet before its. 1 Joh. 5. p, 
 If we receive the witnefs of men , t%e witnefs of God is 
 greater. % 
 
 For application of this: Let us firft refle&upon ourfelves, 
 and the way of our hearts with the Lord , that we may be 
 convinced how much we have flighted this Covenant-relation 
 of Chrifts , how little ufe we have made of him as the wit- 
 nefs of the Covenant *, and how final 1 weight we have laid- 
 upon his teftimony. That this may appear ^ Confider, 1. He 
 hath not been employed by us, to witnefs in all things 
 wherein we have wanted certainty , in the matters pertain- 
 ing to the Covenant ; fuch as the revealing the fecret of his 
 Covenant , the certifying us of his Covenant-love , and our 
 Covenant-ftate and intereft in him, &c. How often have we 
 fled unto, and trufted in means and marks for the attaining 
 of thefe things, and have not employed him who was given 
 for a witntfs to declare and allure of thefe things? Joh* 1. 
 18, No man hath feen God at any time; the only begotten Son 7 
 which is in the bofom of the father , he hath declared him. 
 Pfal. 23. 14, The fecret of the Lord is with them that fear 
 him\ and he will ^ew them his Covenant. Rom. S. 16, The 
 fpirit it felf bear'eth witnefs with our fpirit , that we are the 
 children of God. 2. He hath come and lpoken ? and hath 
 teftified of things which concern our Covenant-ftate , by his 
 fpirit and by his work in us', and we have not heard nor 
 taken notice that it was the Witnefs of the Covenant, 
 teftifying the things that concern himieif and his Kingdom, 
 Heb. 1.2, God hath in thefe la ft day&fpoken unto us by his Son *, 
 whom he hatb appointed heir of all things. Heb. $. 1, Wherefore, 
 holy brethren , partakers of the heavenly callings confider the- 
 Apoftle and High-prieft of our profeffion, Chriftjejus. Heb. 12; 
 25, See that ye refufe not him that fpeaketh : for if they cjca~ 
 ped not , who refufed him that fpake on earth , much more Jhall 
 not 'we efcape , if we turn away from him that fpeaketh from 
 Heaven. Joh. 16. 5. 1 Joh. 5. 6, 8, &c. 3. His Witnefs and 
 teftimony hath' been heard, and obfervably difcerned, and yet 
 not received *, fometimes we have known that it was Chrift 
 f peaking',, and that it could be no other;, and yet we have 
 not received his teftimony, Joh. in 12, And none of the Difci- 
 pies dnrft ask^him who art thou? knowing that it was the Lcrd. 
 
 Si Joh. 1. 
 
3 i4 Ctrift the Witnefs Chap> XVIL 
 
 Job. l. 1 1, Hz came unto his own, and his own receive 
 
 hi.i% -not. He dotlf fometimes fpeak, and wc will not 
 beHcve that it is he: 7^24.37,41, But they were 
 ttrnfied and affrighted , and juppofed that they had fecn 
 a fpirit. And while they yet believed not , for joy, and won- 
 dred, he f aid unto them, have ye not here any meat? 4. At 
 other times we receive and believe his teftimony and wit- 
 nefiing, and by and by upon the lmalleft temptation to unbe- 
 lief, we fall a quarrelling, and difputing with the teftimony 
 which we received, andftraight-way wereje&itasa delufion, 
 Z/^24. 21, But we tr lifted that it had been he which jhould 
 have redeemed Ifracl : and be fides all this , to day is the third 
 day fmce thefe things were done. 
 
 Vfe 2. Confider what manner of Witnefs he is, and what 
 manner of witneftmg his teftimony is, that. you may lay 
 weight upon whatfoever the witnefs of the Covenant faith. 
 Chrift the witnefs of the Covenant may be commended , in 
 order to the weight and credit of his teftimony , from thefe 
 properties of the Witnefs, and the manner of his witneflmg. 
 i. He is an Eye-witnefs of the Covenant, who was prefent, 
 and heard,, and faw all the Covenant trantatted *, yea, he was 
 an aclor in it throughout, as hath been faid before*, this 
 teftimony he taketh to himlelf, Prov.%. 22, to 32,. And the 
 fame is given him alfo by fuch as were lent to witnefs of him, 
 Joh. 1.7,18, The fame came for a witnefs, to bear witnefs of 
 the light , that all men through him might believe ; no, man 
 hath feen God at any time : The only begotten Son which is in 
 the bofome of the father , he hath declared him. 2. He is the 
 true and faithful witnefs, Rev. 1. 5. & 3.7, 14, which- cannot 
 lye, and is not capable of being by a fled from the truth- for 
 any refpecV, for he is the truth it f elf, 70k 14. 16. $. He is 
 a Witnefs above all exception, there can be no exception laid 
 againft him*, yea, all the great witnefles which God hath made 
 uie' of in declaring this Gofpel from the beginning, do bear 
 witneis of him, jich 3.24, Tea, and all the Prophets from 
 Samuel, and thefe that follow after , as many as have fpoken, 
 have likew if e foretold of thefe days. Aft. 10.4 >, To him give all the 
 prophets witnefs, 4. His Witnefs is greater than the tefti- 
 mony of men, 1 Joh. 5.9, If we receive the witnefs of men y 
 the witnefs of Cod is greater:. Not only in refpeft of the 
 
 Authority 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Covenant. 315 
 
 Authority of him who witnefTeth, *vtq< tpa, but in refpeft 
 of the weight and imprefiionof his teftimony : For, i. His 
 Witnefs fpeaks to the heart. 2. It ends the controverfie , 
 there needs no further witnefling after he fpeaks, Hof. 2. 14, 
 Therefore behold , / will allure her , and bring her into the 
 wildernefs, and fpeak^ comfortably unto her, Hebr. fpeak^ to her 
 heart. Mat. 8. 8, The centurion an fw ere d and [aid, Lord, I 
 am not worthy that thou fwuldft come under my roof: but fpeal^ 
 the word only, and my fervant frail be healed. 5. Of all theie 
 various things which he hath witneffed from the beginning 
 of the world until now , there hath not failed one word, 
 neither of one kind nor another, Jof. 21.45. & 2 3- ! 4> x 5- 
 with Ifa. 63.9. Ate. 7. $o. 1 Cor. 10. 9. 1 Kings 8. 1 5, 24, 56, 
 Ifa. 38. 15* Z/^24.44. Re-0.22.6) And he f aid unto me. The je 
 fayings are faithful and true. And the Lord God of the holy 
 prophets font his A ';. gel, to flu w unto his fervant s the things which 
 muft Jlwtly be done. Zech. I. 5, 6. Tour fathers, where are they ? 
 and the prophets, do they live for ever ? but my words and my 
 ftatutcs, which I commanded my fervant s the prophets, did they 
 not take hold of your fathers ? And they returned, andfaid, Like 
 as tbe Lord of hofis thought to do unto us , according to our 
 ways , and according to our doings , fo hath he dealt with 
 us. 
 
 Vfe 3. Be exhorted to receive him under this Covenant- 
 relation, as he is given of God for a Witnefs to the peo- 
 ple. Under this 1 comprehend theie particulars. i. If you 
 would make uie of Chrift as the Witnefs of the Covenant;, 
 then in ajl matters doubtful , appeal to his teftimony for 
 decifion : if you have any doubt about any matter of faith 
 or falvation, about any duty, about any thing pertaining 
 to God, or unto your own Covenant-ftate and intereft in 
 him , make his teftimony and witnefs your Judg in that 
 matter; go familiarly and boldly to him, that he may de- 
 termine the queftion, andrefolvc your doubt, Ifa. 8.20, To 
 the Lw, and to the teftimony. 2 Pet. L9. We have alfo a more 
 fure word of prophefie, whereunto ye do well that ye take heed^ 
 as unto a light that finneth in a dark^place , until the dafdawn^ 
 and the day-ftar arife in your hearts. As his Difciples did 
 upon all occafions, Joh. 13. 21,22,25. & 14.5,8,22. 2. Heaii 
 and give e.ar to whatfoever he witnefTeth •, and take it off his 
 
 S f 2 hand, 
 
3 i6 Chnji the Witnefs Chap. XVII. 
 
 hand, Luk.g. 35. This is my beloved Sort, hear him. And 
 look carefully th:it you neither neglect to hear what he will 
 lay and witnefs of you, and to you, of your way or ftate, 
 or prefent fit and temper, for you or againft you ', nor in- 
 terrupt his witnefiing ; but let him fpeak out : nor, that you 
 ftop the ear againft it : Thefe are marked in Scripture , as 
 manifeft fins againft, and rejecting of his wkneffing, Aft. 24. 
 25, Go thy way for this time^ when I have a convenient fea- 
 [on , I will call for thee. Zech. 7. 7, 1 1, Should ye not hear 
 the words which the Lord hath cryed by the former Prophets ? 
 But they refufed to hearken, and pulled away the fwulder, and 
 flopped their ears that they f:oidd not hear. Heb. 12.2.5, See 
 that ye reftife not him that fpeakjth : for if they tfcaped not, 
 who ref fifed him that fpake on earth ; much n ore Jhall not we 
 e rape, if we turn away from him that fpeakjth from Heaven. 
 Neh. 9. ;o, And t eft i fie d again fi them by thy fpirit , in the 
 Prophets : yet would they not give ear : therefore gave ft thou 
 them into the hand of the people of the Lands. 3. If you receive 
 him in this Covenant-relation, you mull take his teftimony 
 for Sufficient proof of whatfoever he fpeaks unto you ; lay 
 fhch weight upon his witnefling, that it may be to you an 
 end of all ftrife and controverfie, 1 J oh. 5. 9, 10, // m re- 
 ceive the witnefs of men , the witnefs of God, is greater : He 
 that believeth on the Son of God, hath the witnefs in him f elf : 
 He that believeth net God, hath made him a lyar, becaufe he be- 
 lieveth not the record that God gave of his Son. You mud be- 
 lieve his Witnefs, elie you wrong him exceedingly, Joh. 14. 
 1 1, Relieve me that I am m the father, and the father in me : or 
 ,dfe believe me for the very works fake. Pial- 35. 3, Say unto 
 my foul, I am thy falvation. 4. If you receive him as the 
 Witnefs of the Covenant , having received him in this Co- 
 venant-relation , you may never come in the contrary of 
 any thing that he faithr, you muil neither iufpect, nor quar- 
 ^ ret , nor be jealous of any thing which he hath witnefled, 
 
 Prsv. 14. 5, A faithful witnefs will not lye. For Chrift will 
 no more lye unto you, wherein he hath fworn and witnef- 
 fed, tnWGod will lve unto him, which is impoflibie, Pfai 
 89- i>, Once have I f\XD?n by my holinefs , that I will not lye 
 tfnto David. Heb. 6. ijfj Wherein God,willing more abundantly 
 ■:c\v unto the heirs of promt fe, the immutability of Mis court- 
 
 M 
 
Chap. XVI I. of the Covenant. 3 1 7 
 
 fel, confirmed it by an Oath. 5. If you receive him as the 
 Witnefs of the Covenant, then muft you not only receive 
 whatsoever he faith, for a cerrain truth of the Covenanr,but 
 what he ipeaketh not and teftifieth not, concernining your 
 Covenant-ftate and relation, that you muft take to be no 
 truth, though it % were otherwife fuggefted to you by temp- 
 tation, Job. 14. 2 5 In my fathers houfe are many manfions - 7 
 if it were not fo, I would have told yon: J go to prepare a 
 place for you. If he had other thoughts towards you, then., 
 thole which he hath told you , he would have revealed them, 
 ( I fpeak to believers) , Jer. 29. 11, For I know the thoughts 
 that I thinly towards yon, faith the Lord, thoughts of peace y 
 and not of evil \tt give you an expetted end. 6 . Whatsoever way 
 he doth witneis and teftifie, take his Witneis, and preicribe 
 not a way unto him, but make all his ways of witnefling wel- 
 come, whether he Witnefs by his word, or by his work-, by 
 his fpirit, or by your fpirit, 2 Pet. 1 . 1 9, We have alfo a 
 more fur e word of prophecy,. where unto ye do do well that ye 
 take heed, as unto alight that Jhineth into a dark^ place, until 
 the day dawn, and the day-flar arife in your hearts. I Joh. 
 5. 10, He that believeth on the Son of God, hath the witnefs 
 in himfelf Rom. 8. 16, The fpirit it felf beareth witnefs with 
 our fpirit , that we are the Children of God. Neh. 9. 30, Yet 
 many years didfl thou forbear them, andteftifiedfl againflthem 
 by thy fpirit, in thy Prophets. Rom. 10.8, But what faith it? 
 the word is rtigh thee, even in thy mouth , and in thy heart ^ 
 that is, the word of faith which we preach. 
 
 Vfs 4. For decifion of the great practical controverfies 
 which are in the world ( to lay .nothing here of Doctrinal 
 controverfies relating to the Covenant , which are alio deci- 
 ded by his Teftimony)-,as well thole which are amongft Athiefts,. 
 and in the unbelieving world, as thofe which are among 
 believers *, Chrift is given for a Witnefs to the people, and 
 what he faith muft put an end to every controverfie. Ia It's 
 a controverfie to the world,whether time (hall have% end, or 
 whether the fafhion of this world fhall pafs away,or whether all 
 things (hall continue as now they are-, and whether too morrow 
 (hall be as this day ^Pfalj^g. I 1, Their inward thought is, that their 
 houfes fhall continue for ever. Ifa. 56. 12, Come ye, fay .they, 1 
 will fetch wine, 'and wc will fill our f elves with ftrong drinks 
 
 and 
 
5I 8 Chrifi the Witnefs Chap. XVII, 
 
 and to morrow fiall be as this day, and much more abundant. 
 The Witnefs of the Covenant hath decided the controverfie 
 by his Teftimony and Oath, and hath faid, that time fhall be 
 no more,Ktv. 10.6.) 2, It's a controverfie to the world, 
 whether Eternity be coming after time,or whether there be an- 
 other life and world after this, iPct. $.4, Andfaying,wh'ere is the 
 promife o; his coming ? for jince the fathers fell ajlecp, all things 
 continue as they were from the beginning of the creation. The 
 Witneis of the Covenant hath decided this alio, R.v. 22. 20, 
 He which teftifcth the ft things, faith? furely 1 tome quickly, 
 
 _ Amen. Tit. 1.2, In hope of eternal life, which God that can- 
 not tyr, promifd before the world began. Joh.6/47, Verily, 
 verily , / fay unto you, he that believeth on me, hath everlafhng 
 life. 1. It's a controverfie to the world, whether there be 
 any reiurreclion and judgment to come, or any immortality 
 of the Soul, If a. 22. 15, And behold,. joy and gladnefs, faying 
 cxen, and killing foep ? eating fteflj, and drinking wine 1 let as 
 eat and drinks for to morrow- we Jhill dye. Luk. 12. 1 9, And 
 I will fay to my foul, foal, thou haft much goods laid up for 
 many years ■> take thine eafc, eat, drink^j and be merry. The 
 Witnefs of the Covenant hath decided that controverfie, and 
 teftifieth, that he hi enftff had experience of it *, ke was dead 
 and is alive, Rev. h iS, I am he that liveth , and was dead y 
 and behold I am alive for evermore, Amen. Joh.6. 40, And. 
 this is the will of him that fent me, that every one that feeth 
 the Son, and believeth on him, may have cverlafting life : and 
 I will raife him up at the la ft day. Heb. 12. 2 3, To the gene- 
 ral ajfembly y and Church of the firft born , which are written 
 in Heaven *, and to God the Judg of all, and to the fpirits 
 of )u ft men made perfect. Mat. 22. 2 5, to 31. 4. It's a con- 
 troverfie to the world, whether there be any Heaven or 
 Hell ; they fay in their hearts, who knoweth that there are 
 filch things, and what theyb:, and where they are ? Z,k^.i6. 
 1 1, And he J aid unto him, If they hear not Mofes and the 
 prophets, neither will they be perfwaded, though one rofe from 
 the dead. Ifiu28. 15, Becaufe ye have faid, we have made a 
 
 , Covenant with death, and with Hell are we at agreement, when 
 the overflowing fcourge ftmll pafs through , it jhall not come 
 unto us. The Witnefs of the Covenant teftifieth rhat there 
 are fuch thing?, and that he law both, and txperienced the 
 
 truth 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Covenant. 3T9 
 
 truth of the things that are written of them, Pfal. 16. 10, 
 For thou wilt not leave my SohI in Hell , neither wilt thon 
 fuffer thine holy one to fee corruption. Luk.23.4j5, Verily I 
 Jay unto thee , to day Jhalt thou be with me in Paradife. Joh. 
 1.1, $. &.14. 2. Luk. 16. 23,24, 25. Heb,i2.2},24. aThef. 
 i.-g. Rev. 21. & 22. 5. It's a controverfie to the world, 
 whether there be a God,or a Providence that ruleth the world, 
 Pfal, 14. 1, The fool hath J aid in his hearty there is no God. 
 Ha. 2p. 15, And they fay, who feeth us r and who knoweth us? 
 The Witneis of the Covenant hath decided this controverfie, 
 Job. 20. 17, / afcend unto my father , and your father, and to 
 my God j and your God. Joh.<^. 57, As the living father hath 
 fent me, and I live by the father : fo he that . eateth me, even 
 be-all live by we.' Dan. 5.21,23, Till he knew that the mo ft 
 high God ruled in the kingdom of men, and that he hath ay- 
 joint ed over it whomfoever he will. And the God in whofe 
 hand thy breath is, and whofe are all thy ways, haft thou not 
 glorified. Rev. 15. 3, 4, And they fmg the fong of Mofes the 
 Jervant of God, and the fong of the lamb , faying, Great and 
 marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty, juft and true 
 itrc thy ways, thanking of faints. Who ftiall not fear thee, O 
 Lord, and glorifie thy name? for thou only art holy : for all 
 nations ftia.ll come and worftiip before thee, for thy judgments are 
 made mamfeft. 6. It's a controverfie with the world , yea 
 and ibmetimes alio with the iaints, whether the people of 
 God, or the wicked of the world have the better lot, Pfal. 
 73. }, 1 z,*For I was envious at the fooliftiy when I faw the 
 fro ferity of the wicked. Behold, thefe are the- ungodly who 
 profper in the world : they increafe in riches. But this alio 
 is decided by the Witneis of the Covenant, Pfal 49. 18, ip^ 
 Though- whiles he lived, he bleffed his Soul : and men will praife 
 thee, when thou doe ft well to thy felf. He ftiall go to the gene- 
 ration of his fathers, they ftiall never fee light. Joh. 3-^,36, 
 He that kelieveth on him, is not condemned : but he that believ- 
 ctb not, is condemned already, becaufe he hath not believed in 
 the name of the only begotten Son of God. He that believeth on 
 ihe Son, hath ever la fling life *, and he that believeth not the 
 San, ftiall not fee life, but the wrath of God abideth on him. 
 lfa. j. 10, 11, Say ye to' the righteous, it ftiall be well with 
 btiQ f 4 Qr th e y fiaU eat the fruit of their doings. Wo unto 
 \ th* 
 
320 Chrijl the Witnefs Chap. XVIL 
 
 the wicked^ it frail be ill with him, for the regard of his hanMs 
 [hull be given him. Rev* 21.4, And God frail wipe' all tears 
 from their eyes : and there frail be no mor death, neither forrow, 
 nor crying, neither frail there be any more fain , for the for- 
 mer things are pajjed away. Again,- it is a controverfie to 
 doubting believers, whether God hath chofen them and lov- 
 ed them with an everlafting love, PfaL 88.4, 14, I am count- 
 ed with them that go down to the pit. Lord, why cafteft thou 
 off my Soul? This controverfie is decided by the Witnefs of 
 the Covenant, who giveth that double certainty of alt thefe 
 things, whereby they are not only made lure in themfelves, 
 becaufe he hath teftified them j but are alio made Jure unto 
 us, Jer> 3 1. 3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, faying, 
 yea, I have loved thee with an everlafting tove : therefore with 
 loving-kin driefs have I drawn thee. Heb. 8. io. For this is the 
 Covenant that I will make with the houfe of Ifrael after thefe 
 days, faith the Lord : I will put my laws into their mind, and 
 write them in their hearts : and I will be to them a God, and 
 they frail be to me a peopte. Where the fayings of Jeremy 
 are applied to Chrift who made the Covenant. Joh. 15. 13, 
 16, 19, Greater love hath no man then this, that a man lay 
 down his life for his friends, Te have not chofen me^ but I 
 have chofen yon, and ordained yon, that ye ' frould go and bring 
 forth fruit, and that your fruit frould remain. But becaufe ye 
 are not of the world, but I have chofen you out of the world, 
 therefore the world hdteth you. Joh. 6. 69, And we believe and 
 ate jure that thou aft that [Chrift, the Son of the hiving God. 
 2. It is a controverfie to doubting believers, whether they 
 be the Children of God, and whether they be effectually 
 callexl by the Grace of Chrift, PfaL 22. 6, But I am a worm 
 and no man *, a reproach of men , and defpifed of the people. . 
 Chrift decides the. controverfie' by interpofing his TeftimOny, 
 Joh. I 3. 35, By this pall alt men know that ye are my Difci- 
 ples, if ye have love one to another. < Rom. 8. 16, The fpirit 
 it felf beareth witnefs with our fpirits, that we are children of 
 God. Ha. 43. 1, Fear not, for I have redeemed thee, I have 
 called thee by thy name, thou art mine. 3. It is a contro- 
 verfie to doubring'-behevers , whether they foal! ever fee 
 Chrift, and meet' with him again, when he doth but a lit- 
 tle withdraw out of their fight, Jfa: 49. h\ ^ Ht $**: fed, 
 
 the 
 
Chap. XVII. of the Covenant. 32-1 
 
 the Lord hath forfaken me , and my Lord hath forgotten me. 
 Whether they fhall at any time again be comforted with 
 his prefence.- but he decides the controverfie, and witnef- 
 leth clearly, that he and they fliall meet again, Joh. 16. 22, 
 And ye now therefore have for row ' but I will fee you again , 
 and your heart fhall re Joyce, and your joy no man takfth from 
 you. Joh. 14. 18, / will not leave you comfortlefs, I will come 
 to you. Ha. 54. 8, In a little wrath I hid my face from thee 
 for a- momeni ; but with everlafling kindnefs will I have mercy 
 en thee, faith the Lord thy redeemer. Ifa. 49 15, Can a woman, 
 forget her fucking-child, that fie fiwuld not have compajfwn on 
 the fen of her womb ? yea, they may forget, yet wll I not for- 
 get thee. 4. It's a controverfie to the doubting-believer, 
 whether there be any reality in his prefence, and in the fel- 
 lowship of his company, both when they enjoy it, and when 
 they want it, Luk. 24.21, 37,41, % Ht we trufted that it had 
 been he which fiould have redeemed Ifrael : and be fide all 
 this, to day is the third day fince thefe things were done. But 
 they were terrified and affrighted, and fuppofed that they had 
 feen a, fpirit. And while they yet believed not for joy, and 
 wondred. 2 Chron. 6. 18, But will God in very deed dwell with 
 fnen on the earth? But by hisWitnefs he decides that contro- 
 verfie, Luk. 24. 58, 39,40, 42, And he faid unto them, why 
 are ye troubled? and why do thoughts arife in your hearts . ? 
 Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I my fclf : handle me 
 and fee, for a fpirit hath not flefi and bones as ye fee me have. 
 And when he had. thus fpoken, he jhewed them his hands and 
 his feet. And they gave him a piece of a broyled fiflj, and of 
 an hony-comb. Joh. 6. 20, But he faith unto them, it is I, be 
 not afraid. 1 Cor. I. 9, God is faithful by whom ye were cal- 
 led unto the fellow firip of his Son Jefm Chrifi our Lord. 5. It 
 is a controverfie to the doubting-believer, whether his Sal- 
 vation be fure or not, whether he fhall be faved and inherit 
 Life-eternal, Pfal.SS. 1 1, 12, Shall thy lovi?ig-kindnefs be de- 
 clared in the grave ? or thy faithfulnefs in deftrufhion ? JJjall 
 thy wonders be known in the darkj and thy righteoufnefs in the 
 land of forget fulnefs ? But Chrift hath interpofed hisWit- 
 nefs to decide that controverfie, Joh. 6. 57, As the living fa- 
 ther hath fent me, and I live by the father : fo he that eateth 
 -ctf, even he fliall live by me. Joh. 3. 15, 16 } Tktt whofoever 
 
 T t believeth 
 
3 2 2 Chrifi the Witnefs Chap. XVII 
 
 helleveth in him, frould not perifi, but have Eternal life. For 
 God fo loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, 
 that whojoever believeth in him, jhould not perijh, but have 
 everlafting life. Pial. $5. 3, Say unto my foul, I am thy Salva- 
 tion. 6. It is a controverfie to believers, whether they fhall 
 ever be Victorious over their Lufts, and prevail againft their 
 temptations, when they feel the ftrength and working of 
 corruption in themfelves, as Paul did, Row. 7. 14, 15, But f 
 am carnal, fid under fin \ For that which I do, J allow not : for 
 what I would, that I do not , but what I hate, that I do. 
 Many a time they utter that language, Lam. $. 18, And I 
 faid, my flrength and my hope is peri foe d from the Lord. But 
 the Witnefs of the Covenant teftifieth in this alio, and de- 
 cides the controverfie in their favours, ifoh.4. 4> Ye are 
 of God, little children, and have overcome them : becaufe grea- 
 ter is he that is in you, then he that is in the world. I Joh. 5. 
 4, 5, For whatfoever is born of God, over com eth the world: and 
 this is the vittory that overcome th the world, even our faith : 
 who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth that y 
 Jefus is the Son of God? Rom. 16.20, And the God of peaee 
 fliall bruife Satan under your feet portly. 7. It is a contro- 
 verfie to doubting-believers, whether they fhall perievere to 
 the end, or fhall not rather fall away finally. Pfal. 51. 11, 
 Caft me not away from thy pre fence : and take not thy holy fpi- 
 rit from me. But Chrifi hath decided the controverfie, Joh. 
 1 7. 12, Thofe that thou gave ft me, I have kept, and none of 
 them is loft, but the fon of perdition. Joh. 10.28, And 1 give 
 unto them eternal life, and they fall never perijh, neither jhall 
 any man plucky them out of ?ny hand. Joh. 14. 19, Becaufe 1 
 live, ye pall live alfo. 8. It is a controverfie to the doubt- 
 ing-believer, whether it be good for him to be fo dealt 
 with, to be afflicted , deferted, tempted, &c. Pfal. 42. 9, I 
 will fay unto my God, my rockj why haft thou forgotten me ? 
 why go I mourning becaufe of the opprejfwn of the enemy f Pfal. 
 71* M> 14? Verily J have clean fed my heart in vain, and waft- 
 ed my hands in Jnnocency. For all the day long I have been 
 plagued , and chaftened every morning. Chrifi: hath decided 
 this controverfie alfo, not by his verdict only of the matter, 
 but by his Witnefs in his peoples hearts, Joh. 16.7, Never- 
 thelefs I tell you the truth , it is expedient for you that I go 
 
 away : 
 
Chap. XVII. ef the Covenant. 323 
 
 away i for if I go not away , the comforter "Will not come unta 
 you : but if 1 depart, I will fend him unto you. Rom. 8. 28, 
 And we know that all things work^ together for good to them 
 that love God, to them who are the called according to his pur- 
 pofe. 1 Pet. 1. 6, Wherein ye greatly rejoyce : though now for a 
 feafon ( if need be ) ye are in heavinefs through manifold 
 temptations. Pfal . 119.71, It is good for me that I have been 
 afiicfed , that I might learn thy fiatutes. It is a controverfie 
 to the doubting-believer, while he reaps not the preient 
 fruit of his leeking God, whether it be in vain to ferveGodr, 
 and to follow duties, Pfal. 7;. i}, Verily i have clean fed my 
 heart in vain, and wajlied my hands in innocency. But it is 
 the Witnefs of the Covenant who only can decide this ; and 
 he hath done it, 7/2.45. 19, I [aid not unto the feed of ' Ja~ 
 cob, feekjye me in vain : I the Lord, fpeak^ right eoufnefs, I declare 
 things that are right. Pfal. 73.28, But it is good for me to 
 draw near to God : I have put my trufi in the Lord God , that 
 I may declare all thy work*. 
 
 VJe 5. This Covenant-relation of Chrifts, layeth grounds 
 of comfort to believers. j*- 
 
 1 . That you want not ^Witnefs to teftifle unto you concerning 
 all things which are dark and doubtful, If a. 5 5. 4, Behold, I 
 have given him for a witnefs to the people. 1 Joh. 5. 8,9, lo y 
 And there are three that hear witnefs in earth, the fplrit, and 
 the water, and the blood, and thefe three agree in one. If we 
 receive the witnefs of men, the witnefs of God is greater : for 
 this is the witnefs of God, which he hath teftified of his Son : 
 He that believeth on the Son of God hath the witnefs in him- 
 felf: he that believeth not God, hath made him a lyar, becaufe 
 he believeth not the record that God gave of his Son. So that 
 if you be doubtful, and in the dark about any thing pertain- 
 ing to God and to the matters of your Salvation, you 
 know how to have that witnefTed and plainly made out 
 unto you, by Chrift the Witnefs of the Covenant*, and if 
 you continue under your doubting, blame your felves, If a. 
 42. 6, -And I give thee for a Covenant of the people, for a light 
 of the Ge'ntites. 
 
 2. Another ground of comfort, refulting from this Co- 
 venant-relation, is, that we not only have a Witnefs , but 
 that we have fuch a Witnefs, him for a Witnefs •, that God 
 
 Tt 2 who 
 
324, Chrijt the Witnefs Chap. XVII. 
 
 who might have given us other witnefTes, and have denyed 
 this Witnefs, hath, given him for a Witneis, Htb. i. 1,2, 
 God who at fundry times, and in divers manners, /pake in 
 times paft unto the fathers by the Prophets', hath in thefe 
 laft days fpoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed 
 heir of all things, by whom he alfo made the worlds. Aft. 14. 
 17, Nevertheless, he left not himfelf without witnefs , in that 
 he did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruitful fia* 
 fins, filling our harts with food and gladnejs. So fit a 
 Witneis, ljoh.i. 2, 1, who heard and law, and aft ed 
 all the bufinefs of the Covenant, Prov. 8. 22, to 32. Sa 
 faithful a Witnefs, that will not lye, that cannot lye, 
 Rev. 1. 5. and 3. .14. So great a Witnefs, a perlbn of fuch 
 Authority, being God, ijoh.^.g. LukzQ. 35.. So companion- 
 ate a Witnefs^ who can pity his doubting-people, Heb. 5. 2. 
 So condefcending a Witnefs, who can ftoop to teach and 
 perfwade the weaklings of the people, Ifa. 40. 11. Joh.y, 
 39, as all his carriage did prove, while he was upon the 
 earth : So convincing a Witnefs, whole teftimony can put 
 an end to all ftrife, if he^vill only fpeak the word, Mat, 8. 
 8. And all this is for the ftronger coniblation of Believers, 
 Heb. 6. 17, 1.8,, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to fbcvp 
 unto the heirs of promifi, the immutability of his counfel, cm- 
 firmed it by an oath : That by two immutabile things, in which 
 it was impQJfible for God to lye, we might have a firong confola- 
 tion, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope fit be- 
 fore us. 
 
 3. Another ground of comfort which this relation afford- 
 eth to believers, is, That Chrift is by office a Witnefs, and\ 
 that he is. a • Wicnefc by Covenant.* i>e. not only doth the 
 office which: is upon .him, bind this upon him/, but by Cove- : 
 nant and voluntary conde'cenfion,* he is engaged,, and hath i 
 confented.to.be a Witnefs to the people: therefore faith the 
 Lord, B:hold 1 have given him for a witnefs. Ha. 55.4. And he 
 faith, Lo 1 come to do. thy , will, ¥kb. 10.9. This is your - 
 comfort, B:Hevers, that Chriil: is a Witnefs by office and 
 Covenant, and can no more deny to teftifie unto you the, 
 things pertaining to the Covenant, .than ye can- deny his office, 
 or break his /Covenant. 
 
 4-' Another ground of comfort in this Covenant-relation* 
 
 is,. 
 
Chap. XVIII. of the Covenant. 325 
 
 is, that he is given for a witnefs to the people : I mean, that 
 whatfoever belongs to him by this office and relation of be- 
 ing a Witnefs, and whatfoever he is by vertue thereof, that 
 he is:, and that he performeth to all the people of God 
 without exception or refpect of perfons, what he hath been 
 in his way of witnefTing, and what he hath teftified and de- 
 clared to others of the people of God *, infomuch that he 
 hath fetled, quieted and comforted them, by doing the part 
 of a Witnefs, to reveal and to prove unto them, things about 
 which they doubted, concerning their Covenant-ftate, and 
 his- Covenant-love ; that fame he will do to thee and to any 
 of his people, Rom. $ . 22, Even the righteoufnefs of God, which . 
 is by faith of Jefus Chrift^ unto all, and upon all them- that be- 
 lieve : for there is no difference. Gal. 3.28, There is neither 
 Jew nor Greeks there is neither bond nor free, there is neither 
 male nor female , for ye are all one in Chrift Jefus. Aft. J 0.34, 
 Then Peter opened his mouth , and faid, of a truth I perceive 
 that God is no refpellor of perfons. 1 Joh. 1. 3, That which we 
 have feen and heard, declare we unto you-, that ye alfo may have 
 fellowjhip with us ', and truly our fellowjhip is with the father r: 
 and with his Son Jefm Chrift. 
 
 CHAP. XVIII. 
 
 Chrijl the Meffenger or Angel of the Cove- 
 nant. 
 
 THE fourth relation which Chrift beareth in the Cove- 
 nant of Grace,is, That he is the Meffenger of the Covenant. 
 Mai. $. I, The Lord whom ye feek^ ft) all fudder.ly come to his 
 temple y even the Meffenger of the Covenant whom ye .d/elight in. 
 That this is fpoken and meant of Chrift, is acknowledged 
 both by Chriftian and Jewifh Interpreters : It is alio clear from 
 the. Text, that it can be meant of no ot Iter: for the 'Meffen- 
 ger of the Covenant is he, before whom John the Baptiil 
 wasfent a Meffenger to prepare the way, MaU 3. \, Behold,. 
 
 I Will' 
 
t, 2 6 Chri(i the Meffenger Chap. XVIIL 
 
 / will, fend my Aieffengcr, and he flail prepare the way before 
 me. Luk: 7- 2 7, This is he of whom it is written^ behold, 1 fend' 
 my Mcffenger before thy face, which flail prepare thy way be- 
 fore thee. Luk. I. 76, And thou Child flail be called the Pro- 
 phet cf the High? ft : for thou flak go before the face of the 
 Lord , to prepare his ways. This is he who is the Lord, 
 whom the people leek, and in whom they delight*, he whole 
 coming was much longed and looked for, by the people of 
 God: this is he who fitteth as a refiner, v. 2, 3. Now 
 this can be no other but Chrift: compare this with 
 Lnk; 2. 25, $8. Ifa. 59. 20. with Rom. 11. 26. 2 Thef. 
 2. 8. 
 
 The word in the Original, here .D'lDn "JX^I umalach 
 haberith, the MeiTenger or Angel of the Covenant, as Arr. 
 Mont, renders it j or the Angel of the Teftament, as the 
 Chald. Paraphrajl, with the ^70), and Hieron read if, the 
 Hebrew word, llay, is of a large iignification, as i^i*©* is in 
 the Greeks Language, and lis . uied for any delegate, whether 
 Meifenger, AmbafTador or Mimfter, employed for any efflcV 
 whether to declare or to ad and effect any thing:, and is 
 applyed to, and uied of men of created ipints, and of Chrift'; 
 which fhall appear in the opening of the name as it's appli- 
 cable to Chrift. 
 
 For the better understanding of this relation which Chrift 
 fuitaineth in the Covenant : We fhall fhortly hold forth, 
 1. What the name MeiTenger or Angel of the Covenant 
 doth import, as to the nature of the thing, 2, In what re- 
 fpects it is applicable to Chrift, 3. Betwixt what parties 
 he is a MeiTenger. 4. Whole MeiTenger he is •, of one of 
 thefe parties, or of both. 5. In what bufinefs he is a 
 MeiTenger. 6. Somewhat of the properties of this MeiTenger 
 of the Covenant, which commend his travelling in this em- 
 ployment.. 
 
 And 1. the name MeiTenger or Angel doth import, 
 1. A delegation or Truit : a MeiTenger is a Truftee*, it is a 
 name of office or imployment, and doth neceflanly import a 
 MnTioiv, therefore it is often joyned with lending, See Mat. 
 $i I. Behold, I will fend my meffenw, and he flail prepare 
 the way before me. Mat. 11. 10, Belmld, I fend my meffenger 
 before thy face. I Kings 19. 2, Tmn JcL^ebel fent a meffenger 
 
 H7)t9 
 
t,nap. AVlii. oj the Covenant. 
 
 unto Elijah,' faying, &c. If it be asked, unto which of Chi ids 
 offices doth tnis name relate? I aniwer, it doth in ibme re- 
 ipcct relate to all his offices, becauie his MefTage is as large 
 as his Million and Unction, which inclndeth all his offices •, 
 but it doth more especially relate to his Prophetical and 
 Prieftly Office, becauie in regard of theft mainly, he travel- 
 led betwixt the parties, and carried Mefiages and Reports 
 hither and thither. 2. This name of MelTenger cloth import 
 a fubordination or fubje&ion, in regard that he who fendeth, 
 is greater than he who is lint , J oh. 15. 16, Verily , verity 
 J fay unto you , the Servant* is not greater than his Lord, 
 neither he that is fent, greater tien he that fent him. Mat.S.9, 
 Fcr I am a mavi under Authority, having foldiers under me : 
 and I fay to this man, go, and he goeth : and to another y 
 come, and he cometh : and to my fervant, do this, and he doth 
 it. And therefore it mull: be underftood of Chrift, in re- 
 gard of his difpeniatory employment and voluntary conde- 
 fcenfion, whereby be humbled himielf to travel in the work 
 of Redemption, Phil. 2, And took^ upon him the form of a fer- 
 van. 1. This name ofMeiTenger of the Covenant, doth im- 
 port on the part of a Mefienger, a travelling betwixt the 
 parties of the Covenant , betwixt him who fendeth Chrift, 
 and theie to whom he is fent, Ifa. 5;. 11, He fiall fee of 
 the travel of his foul , and flnzll be fat is fed. Joh. 16.28, / 
 came forth from the father, and am come into the -world : a~ 
 gain, I leave the world) and go to the father. Joh. 14. 2. / 
 go to prepare a place for you. 4. This name imports corre- 
 ipondence and intercourfe betwixt the parties, through the 
 MeiTenger, and by his means and travel, iSs.m.n. 22,23, 
 25, So the meffenger went, and came and Jhewed David all 
 that Joab had fent him for. And the Meffenger faid unto 
 David, fur ely the men prevailed again fl us: Then David 
 faid unto the meffenger, thus jhalt thou fay unto Joab, let not 
 this thing difpleafe thee,&c. JW?. 17.6,8, I have manifefled 
 thy name unto the men which thou gave ft me out of the 
 World: arid they have believed that thou didfi fend me. Joh. 
 1 1 • h -dnd that he was come from God , and went to 
 God. 
 
 2. Confider next, Jn what refpe&s the name Meffenger is 
 applicable to Ghrift with relation to the Covenant. 1. Jh 
 
 regard 
 
3*8 Chriji the Mcjettger Chap. XVIII. 
 
 regard of the power and truft committed unto him in the 
 matters of the Covenant \ he is the MefTenger of the Cove- 
 nant, that is, the great Lord Ambafladour extraordinary, and 
 Truftee of Heaven , who reprefented his father, ;nd who 
 was Plenipotentiary, being perfectly inftru&ed, and fully im- 
 powred to propound, treat and conclude in all matters per- 
 taining to the Covenant, and the fettlement of peace 'twixt 
 God and man :, and in this ienfe the word is ufed, i Kings 
 1 6. 7. and 17.4, CD'DKbc. malakim Meffer.gers, i.e. Am- 
 balTadours, and J fa. 33.7. ?£*fcSa melache, the Awbajjadors 
 of peace : thus Chrift is the MefTenger of the Covenant-, this 
 power and trufl: is committed unto him, to repreient his 
 father, 2 Cor. 5. 19, To wit, that God was in Chrift, recon- 
 ciling the world unto himfelf. Hcb. 1. 1, 3, God hath in thefe 
 laft days fpoken to us by his Son. And to treat and conclude 
 with us a Covenant in his name, Joh. 5.22, for the father 
 judgeth no man : but hath committed all judgment unto the 
 Son. Joh. 17. 2, As thou haft given him power over all flejh 7 
 ■that he fl?ould give eternal life to as many as thou haft given 
 him. Mat. 28. 18, All power is given unto me in Heaven and 
 tarth. 
 
 2. This name of MefTenger of the Covenant, is applicable 
 to him in regard of his pains and travel in the matters of 
 the Covenant : I mean, in regard of his work as well as his 
 trufl: ; and thus in regard of ieveral pieces of his work and 
 travel, he may be called the MefTenger of the Covenant .• 
 1. He is the Mefienger who carried the MefTage of a 
 new Covenant, who travelled from Heaven to Earth with 
 this MefTage, to make a Covenant betwixt God and Tin- 
 ners ; he came exprefly for this one errant, Gal. 4. 4, 5, But 
 when the fulnefs of the time was come, God fent forth his Son 
 wade of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that 
 were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of Sons. 
 1 Joh. 5.6, This is he that came by. water and blood, even Je- 
 fus Chrift, not by water only, but by water and blood. 1 Joh. 1. 
 5, This then is the meffage which we have heard of him, and 
 declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darknefs 
 at all. And in this fenfe the word is frequently ufed for 
 an Expref?,or one fent for a particular Errant and purpof c.Joh.^ 
 1. -6, 7, There was a man fent from God, whofe name was John 
 
 The 
 
Chap. XVIII. of the Covtnatii. 329 
 
 The fame came for a witnefs, to bear witnefs of the light, 'that 
 all men through him might believe. Mat. 1 1. 10, For this u 
 he of whom it is written. Behold , / fend my me finger before 
 thy face, which ftiall prepare thy way before thee. 2. He is 
 the Meflenger who did publifti and intimate the new Cove- 
 nant, and Gods gracious purpofe in it, as that thing whieli 
 was his errant in the World", he did it Authoritatively, o- 
 thers only Minifterially, iCor. 5.20, Now then we are am- 
 baffadors for Chrift, as though God did befeech yon by u^ we 
 fray yon in Chrifis ftead, be ye reconciled to God. He W the 
 chief Minifter of the new Teftamenr, others only by com- 
 miflion from him, J fa. 61. 1, The fpirit of the Lord God is 
 upon me, ' becaufe the Lord hath annointed me to preach good 
 tidings unto the meek: Heb. 8.2, 6, 10, A minifter of the 
 Saniluary, and of the true Tabernacle which the Lordpitched f 
 and not man. But now hath he obtained a more excellent mini- 
 ftry, by how much alfo he is the mediator of a better Covenant, 
 which was eftablijhed upon better promifes. For this is the Cove- 
 nant that J will make with the houfe of Ifrael, after thofe days 
 faith the Lord,&c. Eph-^-g. il, Now fhat he afcended, what 
 is it, but that he alfo depended firft into the lower parts of 
 the earth ? and he gave fome Ape files , and fome Prophets , 
 and fome Evange lifts , and fome Paftors and Teachers. Luk. 
 19. *o, Eph. 2. 17. Pov.o. 1, 3. So the word is taken for 
 one that intimateth or bringeth word, and giveth notice 
 of any thing, Job 1. 14. J, He is the Meflenger who doth 
 interpret and declare the Meflage of the new Covenant, 
 who travelleth to be an Interpreter of the mind of God in 
 that matter, Mat. 1 1 .27, All things are delivered wto me of my 
 father: and no man knoweth the Son bat the father: neither knoweth 
 any man the father fave the Son, and he to whomfoever the Son wiH 
 reveal him.Joh. 1 . 18, No man hath f ten God at any time : the on- 
 ly begotten Son which is in the bo fome of the father, he hath 
 declared him. Rom. 3.25,26, Whom God hath fet forth to be 
 4 propitiation, through Faith in his blood, to declare his right c- 
 oufhefsfor the remijfton of fins that are paft, through the forbearance 
 of God. To declare, 1 fay, at this time his righteoufnefs : that he 
 might bejuft, and the juftifier of him which believeth in Jefus. Luk. 
 24. 1 7, And beginning at Mofes, and all the Prophets, he ex- 
 pounded unto them in all the Scriptures, the things concerning 
 
 Vv himf'tf* 
 
35 o CJirijl the Mejfenger Chap. XVIfL 
 
 himfelf Hence he is called a Prophet, A&. 3.22. And fW 
 Prophet. Joh. 6. 14. and 7.40.. And in this ienfe this word is 
 taken, Job 33.23, If there be a mejfenger with him, an inter •- 
 prefer, one among a. thoufand, to flew unto man his uprightnefs. 
 4. He is the meffenger, which atteth the Covenant upon, 
 the hearts of his people ,. effective & phyfice, I mean, the. 
 MefTenger which attacheth the hearts of his people fas a 
 Serjeant at Arms, that layeth hands upon a man ) and bring- 
 eth them into the bond of the Covenant ; the MefTenger that. 
 nevel* leaveth purfuit until he hath apprehended, Eiek^ 20. 
 37, And 1 will bring y oh into the bond of the Covenant. Heb. 
 8. 10, For this is the Covenant that I will make with the houfe 
 of Ifrael,after thofe days, faith the Lord : J will put my laws into 
 their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to. 
 them a God, and they fliall be to me a people. Hof. 2. 1 9, And 
 J will beJroth thee unto me for ever, yea, I will betroth thee 
 nnto me in righteoufneft , and in judgment , and in loving-kind- 
 n.efs,avd in mercies. Ezek. 36,27, And I will put my fpirit. 
 within yon, and caufe yon to walkj.n my ft at ut es, and ye fliall 
 k?ep my judgments, and do them. Joh. (5. 29,. 37, Jefus anfwer- 
 ed ana j aid unto them, this is the work, of God, that ye believe 
 on him whom he hathfent* All that the father giveth me, fliall 
 come to me. So this word is ufed, 1 Sam. 19. 1 i,i4> Saul alfo fe?jt 
 meffefigers unto Davids houfe to watch him, and to flay him in 
 the morning : And when Saul fent mejfenger s to David, fie fdid y 
 he is fiek, 5. He is the meflenger which reporteth the Co- 
 venant, and the tranfa&ions with every Soul that receiveth 
 this.Gofp.el, where, and with whom the treaty tookeffetV,. 
 and where, and with whom, the propofal of the Covenant 
 halted, Joh. 17.6,7,8, I. have manife fled thy name unto the 
 men which thou gave ft me out of the world', thine they were ; 
 and thou gave ft them me; and they have kept thy word. Now 
 they have known that, all things whatfoever thou haft given me 7 
 are of thee- For J have given unto them the words which thou 
 gave ft me, and they have received them, and have known fur ely 
 that I came out from thee, and. they have believed that thou 
 didft fend me. So the word is ufed, Gen. 32- 6> And the 
 meffengers returned to > Jacob, faying, &C. 
 
 3. Betwixt whom doth Chrift travel as Meflenger of the 
 Covenant? For. a right understanding of this, we are to 
 
 make 
 
Chap. XVHT. of the Covenant. 331 
 
 make ufe of thefe two neceflary distinctions : 1 . The Cove- 
 nant may be confidered , either as it's preached and offered 
 generally to< all who hear it, Aft. 1^.46,47, Then Paul and 
 Barnabas waxed bold, and [aid, it was necejfary that the word 
 of God jlwuld firft have been fpcken unto you : but feeing ye 
 put it from yon, and ]udg your [elves unworthy of everlajiing 
 life, Lo, we turn to the Gentiles. For fo hath the Lord com- 
 manded us-, faying, I have fet thee to be a light of the Gen- 
 tiles, that thou Jhouldft be for falvation unto the ends of the 
 earth. Mark. 16. 15, Andhe f aid unto them, go ye into all the 
 world, and preach the G of pel unto every creature : Or it may be 
 confidered, as it is atted,and effectually fulfilled upon the hearts 
 of the Elect, Atb. 13.48, And when the Gentiles heard this, they 
 were glad^tnd glorified the word of the Lord : and as many as were 
 crdaimdto eternal life, believed. Heb. 8. with Jer. $ 1 . 2. This 
 different confideration of the Covenant, affords a diftin&ion 
 of the parties in the Covenant : the parties contracting in the 
 Covenant preached , are God, and all within the vifible 
 Church, Atb. $.25, Te are the children of the ^Prophets, and 
 cf the covenant which God made with our fathers, faying un~ \ 
 
 to Abraham, And in thy feed jli all all the kindreds of the earth 
 be bleffed. A&. 2. 39,40, For the promife is unto you , and to 
 your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as 
 the Lord our God Jliall call. But the parties contracting in 
 the Covenant, confidered in that fecond reipect, as 'tis afted 
 upon hearts, are only the elect people, upon whofe hearts 
 the law is written, and in whom God hath put his ipirit, 
 Jer. $ 1 . 3 3, But this Jhall be the covenant that I will make 
 with the houfe of Ifrael', after thofe days, faith the Lord, I 
 will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their 
 hearts, and Will be their God, and they foall be my people. 
 
 Ezek. 16. 2 7, And I will put my fpirit within yeu, and caufe 
 you to walk^in my ftatutes y and ye Jhall keep my judgments, and 
 do them. Thefe things premifed for clearing the point in 
 hand, I lay down four Conclufions: 1. Chrift is in fome 
 refpecl a Me/Tenger betwixt God and all the vifible multi- 
 tude to whom the Covenant is offered, and the Golpel 
 preached -, therefore it's faid of him, That he is given for a 
 light to the Gentiles, and for a witnefs to the people , even to 
 nations , Iia, 49, 6. & 55. 4, 5. Rom. 1 5.8,9, io, i U 12. I faid 
 
 Vv 2 xa 
 
\ 
 
 332. Chrift the Mejfevger Chap. XVIII. 
 
 in ionic refpeft *, becaufe he did procure the Gofpel to be 
 preached to all nations, and doth carry the MefTage of the 
 Covenant to multitudes, Rom. 10. i8, But I fay, have they n$t 
 heard ? yes verily ', their found went into all the earth , ami 
 their words into the ends of the world, 2. Chrilt is in a 
 more fpecial refpeft, MefTenger betwixt God and his few 
 chofen people, becaufe he hath a MefTage from God to a& 
 upon their hearts, that which is only externally revealed, 
 commanded and offered unto others *, and he hath undertaken 
 for them, and for fheir receiving the MefTage which he 
 carrieth unto them, Joh. 6. 37, 39, All that the father giveth 
 me? fliall come to me. And this is the fathers will which hath 
 fent me, that of all which he hath given me 1 fhould lofe no- 
 thing, but jlwnld raife it up again at the loft day. Joh. 17.6, 
 8, / have manifefted thy name unto the men which thou gave ft 
 me out of the world : thine they were ; and than gave ft them 
 me j and they have kept thy word. For I have given unto 
 them the words which thou gave ft me? and they have received 
 them, and have known furely that I came out from thee , and 
 they have believed that thou didft fend me. Aft. 1 \ . 26. And 
 wbofoever among you feareth God? to you is the word of this faU 
 vation fent. 1 . Chrift is a MefTenger of the Covenant t& 
 many Hypocrites and Reprobates unto whom he bringeth 
 the offer and MefTage of the Covenant ; not for their fake 
 and caule, but for the Elects fake, with whom they are 
 tnixed here in focieties upon the earth, 2 Cor. 4.; 1 5, For all 
 things are far your fakes ? that the abundant grace might, 
 through the thanksgiving of many i redound to the glory of God, 
 2 Tim. 2. 10, Therefore J endure all things for the elects 'fakes 9 
 that they may alfo obtain the falvation which is in Chrift Je~ 
 fus? with eternal glory, So that the MefTage of the Covenant 
 is preached to them by way of concofhitancy, in relpeft that 
 they are in thefe focietiee* unto which the Gofpel is fent 
 for falvation to the Elect, 7^- 17. i9, iq, 2 i> As thou haft 
 fent me into the world ? even fo alfo have It fent them into the 
 World. And for their fakes I fantlifie my f elf? that they alfo 
 mght he fantlified through the truth. 'That they all may be 
 one, as the* father art in me? and I in thee? that they alfo 
 may be one in us: that the world may believe that thoit haft 
 fent me. 4. Chrift is a Mefftnger to the multitudes unto 
 
 whom 
 
Chap. XVHT. of the Covenant. 333 
 
 whom the Gofpel is prepared, only for carrying unto them 
 the commanding Will of God^which revealeth unto them 
 their duty and obligation to repive the Gofpel, and to take 
 hokl of the Covenant, 2 Cor* 16. 17, Wherefore come out from a- 
 mong them, and be ye tfepar 'ate , faith the Lord, and touch not the 
 unclean thing, ana I will receive yon. But Chrift is a Meffen- 
 ger unto the Eleft, not only for carrying unto them Gods 
 Will of command, but alio his Will of Counfd and Pleafure, 
 that is, the things which he hath reiolved to aft upon their 
 hearts, and to work in them, Hcb.6. 17, Wherein God, willing 
 more abundantly to jhew unto the heirs of promife the immutabi- 
 lity of his counfel, confirmed it by an Gat b. Eph. 1.9, Having 
 made known unto us the my fiery of his will, according to his 
 good pleafure which he [Jd purpofed in himfelf 4. Whole 
 MefTenger is Chrift ihthis^ovenant-relation? whether of one 
 of the parties, or of both? Anfw. 1. In fome reipecls he 
 is only the MefTenger of one of the parties, I mean, as the 
 * name doth import a Midion, Delegation and Subordination, . 
 fo he is only Gods MefTenger ; becaufe Chrift Mediator, the 
 Angel of the Covenant, had his commimon only from God, 
 and is to give an account of that honourable truft and em- 
 ployment to him only, lfa.^Z. l, Behold my fervant whom I 
 uphold, mine eleV: in whom my foul delight eth. Joh.5.22, for 
 as the father yudgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment 
 nmo the Bon,hcc. 1 Cor. 15.24, Then cometh the end, when 
 he Jhall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the father. 
 Yea, even in theie things which he acteth upward ( toward 
 his father ) as MefTenger of rhe Covenant, put cafe his ne- 
 gotiating with God for his people, he hath his Miflion and 
 Delegation from God , for that fpecial efTea, Job. V 2, 24, 
 As thfi haft given him power over all fie fb, that he foould 
 give eternal life to as many as than haft given him. Father^ 
 i vbill that they alfo whom thou haft given me, be witti me 
 where I am, that they may behold my ghry which thou haft given 
 yne. 2. In fome refpefts he is the Meflenger of both the par- 
 ties ', as namely, 1 . In refpe{l of the bufmefs about which 
 he is errtployecf ; his MefTage is about matters of huge con- 
 rrrnment to both the parties of the Covenant \ for his fa- 
 thers honour, and his peoples happinefs, lay equally in the 
 tefmefs about which he is employed, fob. 17. 2,4, That he 
 
 fiwld 
 
334, thrift the Mttfenger Chap, XVIIf. 
 
 ■jjjokld give eternal life to .as many as thou haft given him. I 
 <havc glorified thee on the earth : 1 .have finifced the worJ^ which 
 i\ion gavcfi me to do. 2. In refpeft of the travels of his 
 .foul in that bufinefs and MefTage*, he did it cordially, and 
 ucondcfcendingly did he run the Eivnints of both the parties j 
 he came his fathers Errant to us, and he went our Errant 
 ,to his father, Joh. I}. 3, Jefus knowing that the father had 
 given all things into his hands, and. that he was come from 
 Cody and. went to God. Joh. 14. 2, 12, I go to prepare a place 
 for you , becaufe I go unto my father. Joh. 16. 5, 28, Bat now 
 1 go my way to him that fent me, and none of you asketh me, 
 whither gocft thou ? Icame forth from the father , and am com* 
 into the world', again, I leave the world, and go to the father. 
 \. In rejpeft of his AmbafTage^id Agency} he was an 
 AmbafTador and Agent on Goc^)art} while he was here 
 upon the earth, he was his MefTenger, who came to declare 
 and to confirm the Covenant, 2 Cor. 5. 19, To wit, that God 
 XV as in Chrifi, reconciling the world unto himfelf. Gal.4. 4, 5, 
 But when the fulnefs of the time was come, God fent forth his 
 Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them 
 that were under the law-, that we might receive the adoption 
 of fons, And he is now our Agent, he is MefTenger 
 and Lieger in Heaven on our part, in regard of his conftant 
 refidence there for our bufmefe, Heb. 9. 24, for Chrifl is 
 not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the 
 figures of the true , but into heaven it felf now to a p pear in the 
 pre fence of God for us. Aft. 3.21, Whom the heavens muft re- 
 ceive Hntil ,the times of reftitution of all things. 4. In refpeft 
 of his correfpondency with both parties : he is correlpondent 
 with God for his people, Joh. 17. 8, l^ For J have given unto 
 them the words which thou gaveft me 9 and they have received them, 
 and have known furely that I came out from thee, and they have 
 believed that thou didfi fend me. And thefe have known that 
 thou haft fent me. And he is correlpondent with us for God, 
 Joh. 6. $8, $9, For I eame down from heaven, not to do mine 
 own will, but the will of him that fent me. And this is the 
 fathers wiM which hath fent me, that of all which he hath given 
 me, I jhould lofe nothing, but fhould raife it up again at the lafi 
 day. Luk. 12. $2, Fear not little flocks for it is your fathers good 
 fleafure to give you the jKivgdomils is correfpendent betwixt the 
 cooiederace parties* 5* About 
 
Chap* XVII J. of the Covenant. 335- 
 
 5. About what- bufineis is he MeiTenger? and what is the 
 fpecial iubjeit matter of his employment ? Anfw.- His Name 
 and Covenant-relations do declare the bufinefs:, he is Mcffcn- 
 ger of the Covenant, Legatns faderi*, AlaL 3. 1. His MeiTage 
 is as large and broad as all things pertaining to the Gove- 
 lant. Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore in- all things it behoz'ed him to be 
 made like unto his brethren-) that he might be a merciful and 
 faithful Higher iefl m ■ things pertaining to God, to make re- 
 conciliation for the fns of the people. So that there is nothing 
 which doth any way relate to the Covenant betwixt God 
 and believers, which falleth not under this Covenant-relati- 
 on j a fum whereof may be comprehended under thefe three 
 heads.* 1. Whatfoever appertained to the making of the 
 Covenant, he is MeiTenger betwixt God and his people for 
 that effe<ft ; whether it be any thing which belongeth to the 
 courting and wooing of his peoples hearts, by commending 
 his father, and making offers of himielf, and of his love unto 
 them, Joh. 14.2, In my fathers houfe are many manfions -^ if 
 it were not fo, I would have told yon. Joh. 15. 1, / am the true 
 Vine. Joh. 16.27, Eor the father himfelf loveth yon. Joh. $. 
 16, For God fo loved the werld, that he gave his only begotten 
 Son, Joh. I ex 14, 29, lam the goodflcph'erd : my father which 
 gave them me, is greater then ail, Wildom cryeth, who will 
 have Chrift? Prov. 9. 1, Wifdom hath buil'ded her houfe, fhe 
 loath hewn out her feven Pillars, &e. Joh., 7. 37, 58 , In that 
 lafl day, that great day of the feaft , Jefus flood, and criedj 
 faying, if any man thirft, let him come unto me and drinks He 
 thatbelievethon me, as the fcripture hath f aid, out of his belly 
 fliall flow rivers of living water. Mat. -1 1.28, Gome nnto me 
 all ye that labour, and are heavy laden, and I will give yon refi^ 
 Hof. 2. 14, Therefore behold^ J will allure her, and bring her 
 into the wilder 'nefs, and fpeak^ comfort ably unto her. Song. 2. 1, 
 / am the rofe of Sharon, and the lillie of the vallies* Or whe- 
 ther it be any thing which belongeth to the engaging the 
 hearts sf his people, in determining them by his grace, and 
 acting the Covenant upon their hearts, he is MeiTenger alto 
 for that, to command Souls to engage with him, and to a- 
 rife and go after him, and to forfake ail for him, Ezel^ 20: 
 37, Audi will caufe you to pafs mSer the rod, and I will bring 
 yon into tke hnd of the Covenant, Ezek. 3*6^27, And Lwul 
 
}$6 Chrrji the Mejfenger Chap. XVIIL 
 
 put my fpirit within you, and caufe you to walk in nty ftatutes, 
 and ye frail keep my judgments and do them. Heb.8. 10, For 
 this 'is the covenant that I will make with the houfe of Ifrael, 
 after thofe days faith the Lord : 1 will put my laws into their 
 mindj and write them in their hearts, and I will be to them a 
 God j and they Jh all be to me a people. Plal. 45. 10, Hearken y O 
 daughter and confider, and encline thine ear : forget alfo thine 
 own people , and thy fathers houfe. Gen. 12. I. 4, Now the 
 Lord had J aid unto Abraham, Get thee out of thy countrey, and 
 from thy kindred^ and from thy fathers houfe, unto a Land 
 that Jwilljhew thee. So Abraham departed as the Lord had fpoken 
 unto him. Mat. 4. 19*20., And he faith unto them , follow me, 
 and I will make yon fifrers of men- And they freight-way 
 left their nets and followed him. 2. Whatfoever appertained 
 to the maintaining and preferring of the Covenant and con- 
 federacy betwixt God and his people, Chrift is MelTenger 
 for that and herein he doth 5 the part of the Meffenger of 
 the Covenant: 1. By travelling betwixt the parties for 
 keeping up free accefs betwixt them, and liberty to fpeak 
 with one another : for it is by him that God hath accefs to 
 ipeak to our hearts, and that we have accefs to him by 
 frequent mutual MeiTages, the MelTenger being a Courtier 
 and favourite with both the parties, Mph.2. 18, For through 
 him wo> both have ascefs, by one fpirit, unto the father. Eph.}. 
 12, Jn whom we have boldnefs and accefs with confidence, by 
 the faith of him. Heb. 1. 1,2, God who at fundry times , and 
 in divers manners, fpake in times pafl unto the fathers by the 
 Prophets, hath in thefe laft days fpoken unto us by his Son. 
 2. By travelling betwixt the parties for correfpondence and 
 entercourfe, to maintain communion and a good underftand- 
 irig betwixt them, to the end that none of the parties en- 
 gaged in the Covenant of kindnefs, become Grangers to one 
 another through the want of converfe and correfponding. 
 Chrift is a MelTenger betwixt them to J main tain the peace 
 and friendship, Joh. 16.16, A little while and ye frail not fee 
 vte : and again a little while, and ye frail fee me : becaufe I 
 go to the father. Joh. 14. 18, 19, I will not leave you comfort- 
 lefs, I will come to you. Ye£ a little while, and the world feeth 
 pie no more \ but ye fee me : becaufe 1 live, ye frail live alfo. 
 }. He is a Meffenger to maintain the Covenant betwixt God 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XVilL of the Covenant. 337 
 
 and his people, by travelling betwixt the parties with good 
 reports, Heb. 12.24,2,5, And to Jefm the mediator of the 
 _ new covenant i and to the blood of fprin^ing, that fpeaketh fat- 
 ter things then that of AbeU See that ye rcfufe not him that 
 fpeaketh, &c. Commending God to his people, and his love, 
 and i peaking good of all his way with them, Joh. 10. ig y 
 My father which gave them me, is greater then all. Joh. 16.27, 
 For the father himfelf loveth yon, becaufe ye have loved t&g; 
 Pial.25. 10, All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth , 
 unto fuch as keep his covenant , and his t eft monies. And com- 
 mending believers unto his father, -and ipeaking good of them, 
 and for them, frequently behind their back , w|ien they do 
 not hear him, Job. 17. 6,8,25, / have manifefted thy name 
 unto the men which t ho u gave ft me out of the world: thine they 
 were , and thou gave ft them me ^ and they have kept thy word. 
 For I have given unto them the words which thou gaveft me, 
 and they have received them, and known purely that I 
 came out- from thec y and they have believed that thou, didft fend 
 me. O righteous father, the world hath not known' thee, but I 
 have known thee, and thefe have known that thou haft fent me. 
 Jer. x I. 20, Is Ephraim my dear fon I is he a pie a f ant child ? 
 for Jmce J fpake again ft him, I do earneftly remember him fill : 
 therefore my bowels are troubled for him : I will furely have 
 mercy upon him, faith the Lord- Jet. 12.7, / have given the 
 dearly beloved of my foul, into the hand of her enemies. Chrift 
 maketh both a good report of his father to his people here 
 on Earth, and a good report of them to his father in Hea- 
 ven-, he pntteth good conftruclions, not only upon his fathers 
 way with his people, ( which cannot reafohably bear an evil 
 conftruction ) , Rom. 8. 28, And we know that all things work^ 
 together for good, to them that love God, to them who are ttyc 
 called according to his purpofe. But alfo upon his peoples way 
 and walk, and duties to God-ward, a conftrudtion and report 
 or them, which they would ftand in awe to give of themielves} 
 yea they are in hazz-ird to contradict this b'elTed Meflengers 
 report many, a time, Joh. 14.4) 5, And whither 1 go ye know, ' 
 and the way ye. know. Thomas faith unto htm, Lord, we know 
 not whither thou goeft : and how can we know the way ? 
 
 3. Whatsoever appertained to the repairing of the. Cove- 
 nant, dr to the renewing and eitablifhing thereof in- the cafe 
 
 Xx of 
 
33 g Cbrijl the Mzjftngtr Chap. XVIII. 
 
 ef any breach betwixt the parties, he is a Meffenger for 
 that : he is the repairer of the breach , and doth declare 
 himielf the Angel of the Covenant, i. By taking up emer- 
 gent differences betwixt God and his people, that they may 
 not controvert about them, but may rather have fatisia&ion 
 in him, Ifa. 53. 12, And he was numbred with the tranfgrefi 
 forSj and he bare the fin of many , and made interceffion for 
 thetranfgrejfors. Heb. 9, 7, But into the fecond, went the High* 
 priefl alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for 
 him f elf, and for the errors of the people. For as our Htgrrprieft, 
 he makes offering for the errors of the people: for all the differ- 
 ences arifing betwixt God and his people, are taken away 
 alone by his travels. 2. By renewing the Covenant-kindnefs, 
 and love, and engagements, he travels as a Meffenger, and 
 cannot reft after breaches and differences betwixt his father 
 and his people, or betwixt himielf and them, until the wont- 
 ed kindneis be renewed, and till it be betwixt God and his 
 people, as it ufed to be, 1 Job. 2. 1, 2, And if any man fin, 
 we have an advocate with 'the father, J e fits Chrift the righteom, 
 and he is the propitiation for our fins. Jer. 2.2, Go and cry 
 in the ears of Jerufalem, faying , Thus faith the Lord , / re- 
 member thee , the kjndnefs of thy youth, the love of thine e- 
 fpoufals, when thou wentefl after me in the wildernefs, in a 
 land that was not fown. Ifa. 54. 8, In a little wrath I hid my 
 face from thee for a moment *, but with everlafling kjndnefs 
 will I have mercy on thee, faith the Lord thy Redeemer. Ezek. 
 t6. 60, Neverthelefs, I will remember my covenant with thee 
 in the days of thy youth, and I will eftablijh unto thee an ever* 
 lafling covenant, 
 
 6. Let us a little confider the properties of the Meffen- 
 ger and Angel of the Covenant, which do commend his 
 travels in that bufmeis, and may hold forth a pattern 
 to all the inferiour Meffengers of the Covenant, and 
 Angels of the Churches. 1. He is a faithful Meffen- 
 ger, and true to the truft committed unto him *, one 
 who varied not, and departed not from his commiffion 
 in a tittle, in any thing of his fathers will , and the wel- 
 fare of his people ( I do not fay, the will of his people ; 
 for though he be very condefcending to fatisfie them, 
 yet he not holding his commiffion of them, he is conftrained, 
 
 for 
 
Chap. XVIII, oftheCovcnmu 339 
 
 for their good, to crofs their will fometimes, that he may 
 be faithful to him who appointed him) Heb. y, 1,2, Where- 
 fore holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling ? conftder 
 the Apoftle and High-priefl of our profejfion? Chrifl Jefus? who 
 was faithful to him that anointed him, as alfo Mofes was 
 faithful in all his houfe. Jon. 6. $8, }p, 40, For I came down 
 from heaven? not to do mine own will? but the will of him that 
 fent me. And this is the fathers will which hath fent me? that 
 of all which he hath given me? I fhould lofe nothing? but jhould 
 raife it up again at the lafl day. And this is the will of him 
 that fent me> that every one which feeth the Son? and believeth 
 on him? may have everlafting life : and I will raife him up at 
 the lafl day. A MefTenger who kept dole to his inftructi- 
 ons. 2. He is an active diligent MefTenger, who did never 
 deal with a flack hand in any matter of the Covenant, whe- 
 ther committed unto him by his father, or wherein he was 
 employed by his people *, his heart did lay fo much to the 
 bufmefs, that it is impoftible he fhould not be a&ive and ftir- 
 ring in it} yea, his Soul travelled fo diligently in that truft, • 
 that he could take no reft until it was done, 7/^. 53. 11, He 
 Jhall fee the travel of his foul? and ft all be fatisfied. Joh. 17. 
 4, / have glorified thee on earth : I have finijhed the work^ 
 which thou gaveflmetodo. Yea, lb careful was he of that Mef- 
 fage, that it made him forget his refrefhments and his reft, 
 as appears in his unwearied pains for converting the woman 
 of Samaria? even while he was wearied with his journey ,Joh. 
 4. 6) Yea it was refrefhment to him to be about that bufi- 
 nefs, Joh. 4. $4, Jefus faith mto them? My meat is to do the 
 mil of him that fent me? and to finish his workj Yea, it made 
 him ibme way forget his relations here on earth; Luk. 2.49, 
 And he faid unto them? how is it that ye fought me t wifi ye 
 not that I mufi be about my fathers bufmefs. Mat. 12. 46,49, 
 50, While he yet talked to the people , behold? his mother and 
 his brethren flood without? defying to fpeakjwith him. Behold^ 
 my mother and my brethren? for whofoever jhall do the will of my 
 father which is in heaven? the fame is my brother? and fifter^ 
 and mother. $. He is a fwift MefTenger, who in all the 
 matters of the Covenant which are committed unto him, 
 loveth to make good difpatch: he is commended for this, 
 Mai. 3. I, And the Lord whom ye feekj jhall fuddenly come to 
 
 Xx 2 his 
 
g4 o Chrijl the Mejfevgtr Chap. XVIII. 
 
 his temple ,even the meffenger of the covenant whom ye delight in. And 
 we may take notice of it in the word of the Prophet, Ij'a.iS.2. 
 though fpoken in another ilnfV. O fo fwift a meffenger 
 and ibeedy as ha was, when he was fent to lay down his 
 life / Luk^ 19, 20, And when he had thus /pollen, he went be- 
 fore, afcendmg up to Jcrufalem, &c. he made hafte to die. Joh. 
 I 3. I' 7, A'td after the fop, Satan entrcd into him : then [aid 
 Jefm unto hi;?, That thou doc ft, do quickly' And 'he made hafte 
 * to ariie again, Joh. 20. 1, 12, The fir ft day of the week, early y 
 yet when it was dark. He made hafte to (hew hinvlelf to his 
 friends after he role, Joh. 20, and Lnk. 24, and he tnakeih hafte 
 to come again to "his people, Joh. 14. $5 18, Andif Igo^wd 
 prepare a place for you , / will come again, I wUl not leave 
 you comfortlefs , / will come to you a,?x oua *' come unto you: 
 4. He is an Accurate reporter of'the MefTage which he bear- 
 eth ; a Meffenger who never failed to bring a return of his 
 errant, both upward to God, and downward to his people, 
 J oh. 13. 3, Jefus knowing that the father had given all things 
 into his- hands, and that he was come from God, and went to 
 God. Joh, 14. 7, iy I go to prepare a place for you. And if I 
 go and, prepare a place for you, 1 will come again, and receive 
 you unto my felf, that where J am, there ye may be alfo. 5. He 
 is a Meffenger who was hugely mortified if if I may ulethat 
 word) and denyed to his own honour and credit*, for all 
 the while he travelled up and down here, about the Meffage 
 of the Covenant, he did not regard hew he was ufed , ib 
 that his MefTage were taken off his hand, Heb. 12.2, Who 
 for the 'joy that was fet before him, endured the crofs, d.efpifing 
 the Jliame, and is fet down at the right hand of the throne of 
 God. Mat. 20.28, Even as the Son- cf man came not to be mi~ 
 niflred unto, but to mini ft cr, and to give his life a ran fore for 
 many. Joh. 4.9,10, Then faith the woman of Samaria unto him, 
 how is it that thou, being a Jew, askeft drinks of me, which am 
 a woman of Samaria f for the Jews have no dealings with the 
 Samaritans. Jefus anfwered, and f aid unto her, If thou knew- 
 eft the gift of God, and who it is that faith ur.to thee, give 
 me to drinks, thou wouldft have asked of hi'/i, and he would have 
 given thee living Water. * 
 
 Vfe 1. Take heed howyoirreceive and entertain theMefTen 
 ger of the Covenant, //*L. 12.25, See that ye refufe not him 
 
 that 
 
Chap. XVIIL cf tie Covenant. 341 
 
 that fpeaketh : for if they efcaped net, who refuted him th.zt 
 Jpakj on earth, much more [Vail not we efcafe, if we turn a- 
 vp 'ay from him that fpeaketh fro n heaven 1 Heb. 3. 1, Wherefore, 
 holy brethren, partners of the heavenly callings cpnfider tlee 
 Apofiie and High-priefc of our prcfejjion, Chrift 'fefas,&ic. This 
 is the more ot your concernment, 1. Becatrfje the entertain- 
 ment and ufage given unto the MefTenger of the Covenant, 
 recoundeth upon him that lent; him, whether you ufe him 
 honourably or diireipettivelv, J oh. 12.26, Jf any man ferve 
 Pie, let him folio x mc\ and where 1 am, there JJ) all alfomyfcr- 
 vant be. Jf any man ferve me, hi*? will my father henour. 
 Luk. ic. iv*, He* that heareth yon, heareth me : andhethsJ dc- 
 fpifcth yon, defptfeth me : and he that defpifeth me, defpifeth 
 him that fait me. 2. Becauie great weight is laid upon the 
 unworthy ufng of the MefTenger of the Covenant, ir. lb much 
 as no fin nor aggravation of 6a carrieth li e ftrefs d is I 
 upon it, Joh. 5.56, He that hdieveth on the Son, hath cver- 
 la fling life. ', and he that believeth not the Son, fiali not fee life, 
 but the wrath of God abideth on him. Joh. 15*22, If I had 
 not come and fpoken unto them, they had not had fin : but now 
 they hitve no cloaks fir their fin. 3. Becauie that cfage that 
 is v given to the MefTenger of the Covenant, is hugely relent- 
 ed, whether it be good or evil, Joh. 1. 11, 12, He came tin- 
 to his o\w, and his own received him not. But as many as re- 
 ceived him, to them gave he power to become the Sons of God, 
 even to them that believe on his name. Mat. TO. 4-1, He that 
 receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet, flail receive a 
 prophets reward. 4. Becauie no fin hath been more ibeeclily 
 and feverely revenged, than the ill ufage of this MefTenger, 
 JUfat. 2 1. 41, Tloey. fay unto him, he will miferably defiroy thofe 
 wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other Husbandmen, 
 which fi all render him the fruits in their feafons. Mat. 22. 6, 
 7, And the remnant tookhis fervants, and entreated themfpite- 
 fully, and few them. But when the king heard, thereof, he was 
 wroth, and he fint forth his armies, and defiroy ed thofe mur- 
 derers, and burnt up their city. Luk. 19. 14,27, But his citi- 
 zens hated him, and fent a meftage after him, faying, We will 
 not have this man to reign over u<. But thofe mine enemies, 
 which would not that I Jliould reign over them, bring hither, and 
 •flay them before me, 
 
 But 
 
542 thrift the M'jjenger Chap. XVIIT. 
 
 But befide thefe things relating to the danger of flighting the 
 MefTenger of the Covenant, Confider further j i. it is your 
 own bufrneis about: which the Meffenger of the Covenant is 
 travelling with you, Luk. io. 10, 42, For (he Son of man is 
 come to fiel^ and to fave that which was loft. Spying, if thon 
 had ft \novpn , even thou, at lea ft in this thy day, the things 
 which belong unto thy peace ! but now they are hid from thine 
 eyes. Joh. 5. 40, And ye mil not come to me, that ye might 
 have life. The honour of his MbiTage and travels (hall be 
 his own and his fathers^ yet the profit and advantage of it 
 fhall be yours, Joh. 17. 2, As thou haft given him power over 
 all fie ft), that he Jhould give itemal life to as many as thou haft 
 given him. 1 Tim. 1. 15, This is a faithful faying, and wor- 
 thy of all acceptation, that Jefm Chrift came into the world to 
 fave firmer s, of whom I am chief. 2. Confider, there is a li- 
 mited let-time for the MefTage which he carrieth, Mark^.14.. 
 7, But me ye have not always, i mean, there is not only a time 
 let unto Chriil by his father, at which his travelling as 
 MefTenger of the Covenant (hall expire, Joh 13.-1, Then 
 Jefus knew that his hour was come that he Jhould depart out 
 of this world unto the father. 1 Cor. 15. 24, 25, Then cometh 
 the end, when he Jliall have delivered up the kingdom to God, 
 even the father ; when he fhall have put down all rule, and all 
 authority and power. For he muft reign till he hath put all 
 his enemies under his feet : But the MefTenger of the Cove- 
 nant hath alio fet a time to you all, until which he will 
 tarry for your aniwer , whether ye will take hold of the 
 Covenant or not, and after which he will tarry no longer 
 for it, Joh. 12. $5. 36. Then Jefus faid unto them, Tet a lit- 
 tle while is the light with you : walk^ while ye have this light, 
 left darkntfs come upon you: for he that walketh in darknefs^ 
 knowethnot whither hegoeth. While ye have the light, believe 
 tn the light, that ye may be the children of light. Lu '. I}. 7, 
 Then faid he unto the dreffer of his vineyard, Behold, thefe 
 three days J come feeking fruit on this Fig-tree, and find none ; 
 cut it down, why cumbreth it the ground ? We have not this 
 MefTage fetied upon us by inheritance, nor by Life-rent- 
 taxes. 3. Confider, that the MefTenger of the Covenant, 
 maketh fhorteft ftay and abode, where his MefTage, the 
 offer of the Covenant is flighted, and gets not an anfwer, 
 
 AH. 
 
Xhap. XVIII. of the Covenant. 343 
 
 jifl. 1 1 . 46, /?#/■ feeing ye put it from yen , and judg your 
 [elves unworthy of everlafiwghfe; Lo, we turn to the Gentiles. 
 Mat. 21. 41, 77;^y /^y *»fo him, he will miferably dftroy thofe 
 wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husband- 
 men, which fall render him the fruits in their feafons. Mat. 10. 
 1 1, And if the houfe be worthy, let your peace cov.e upon it : 
 but if it be unworthy, let your peace return to you. Rev. 2. ^ 
 Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent, 
 and do the firfl works , or elje I will come unto thee quickly , 
 and wtM remove thy candle ftick^ out of his place, except thou re- 
 pent. Song. 5. 5, 6, / rofe up to open to my beloved, and my 
 hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with fwect fmtlling 
 myrrh upon the handles of the lockj I opened to my beloved, 
 but my beloved had withdrawn him f elf, and was gone. 4. Con- 
 fider, that there is a time coming, when the Meflenger of 
 the Covenant, and his Meflage cannot avail you, if you let go 
 the feafon and opportunity of Grace, iCor. 6. 2, For he 
 faith, I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of 
 falvation, 1 have fuccoured thee : Behold, now is the accepted 
 time : Behold, now is the day of falvation. Heb. 4. 7, Again 
 he limit eth a certain day, faying in David, "To day, after fo 
 long a time^ as it is faid, To day, if ye will hear his voice y 
 harden not your hearts. Heb. 12. 17, For ye know how that 
 afterward, when he would have inherited the bleffing, he was 
 rejected, for he found no place of repentance, though he fought 
 it carefully with tears. Luk. 13.25,26, When once the mafter 
 of the houfe is rifen up , and hath fut to the dore , and ye 
 begin to ft and without, and to knock^at the dore y faying, Lord, 
 Lord, open unto us y and he fall anfwer and jay unto you y I 
 know you net whence you are. Then fall ye begin to fay, we 
 have eaten and drunk^ in thy pre fence, and thou haft taught in 
 our ftreets. 5. Confider, that the Meffenger is to make re- 
 report , to him who lent him, what iucceis he had for his 
 travel, and who did receive his Meffage, 7^.17.6,7,8, 
 25, I have manifefted thy name unto the men which thou gave ft 
 me out of the world : thine they were , and thou gave ft them 
 me , and they have kept thy word : Now they have k?o\vn 
 that all things whatfoever thou h, -ft given me, are of thee. For 
 I have given unto them the words which thou gave ft me, and 
 they have received them, and have k^own furely that I cave 
 
 out 
 
344 . chr ?fi *h «** Chapi XVIII. 
 
 out fro-. believed that thon didfl fend 
 
 O y;-!:t:o,:s father, the v. tb not known thee, but i \ 
 
 mdthcfe have kj^^ that thou haj} fent n.e. O be- 
 tjiink your felves in rime, what fliall be 4 reported of your 
 ehtt g the Meitepger of the Covenant, and the things 
 
 he propofed uato you ^ fliall that be told of you in 
 Heaven which hath been told of many, Joh. 1. 1 1, He cwme 
 unto his own, and his own received bun not I Joh. 5.4-, And 
 r.ot come to me, that ye might have life. Job- 12. 37, 
 tgb he had done fo many; wracks before tbem^ yet they 
 believed net on him. Joh. 15.23,24, He that Littth me, hatetb 
 my father aljo: but now have they both feen , and hated both me 
 and rr.y father. Luk. 7. ,c, But the Fbrrifees and Lawyers re- 
 \e:ced tbecounfel cf God again]} them [elves, being net baptized 
 of him. Piul.Si. 11, But my people would not hearken to my 
 voice , and IJracl would none of me. Mat. 22. 5,6, But they 
 triad* light cf it) and went their ways, one to his far w, another 
 to his mcrclxmdife 1 and the re: :l^ his fervants, and 
 
 inrr eased them fpitefidly, and few them. Mat- 23. 3-, O Jeru- 
 f.ils n, jernfalem, thou that kjiiefi the prophets, and ft one ft them 
 whiz',, a, -2 fnt unto thee, hew often would I have gathered thy 
 children together, even as a hen gathercth her chickens under 
 her Wings, and ye would not ! Ifa . 49 . 4, Then I faid , I have 
 laboured in vain, 1 have fpe; t my ftrength for -nought, and in 
 vain. Mat. 11. 17, jfnd faying, we have piped, unto you , and 
 ye base rot danced: we have mourned unto you, and ye have 
 not lamented. Shali the MeiTengcr of the Covenant have'no 
 good report to make of you , like that which he made of 
 his Difciples? Job. 16.27,' for the father hitnfelf lovetb you, 
 becauft ye have Uvea me, ar.d believed that I came out from 
 Cod. At leaft, let him have that to lay of you, that he 
 reported of Ephraim , That you have lamented the iroward- 
 iids of your own hearts under all his pains and travel,- Jer. 
 \\. 1?, 1 have fur els heard Ephraim bemoaning bimfelf: thou 
 haft cbafiifedme, and i was cha fifed : as a budjik^unaccufrom- 
 cd to the y?--k^ eke. 
 
 Vfe 2. Suffer me from this Covenant-relation o/ Chrifts, 
 to exhort vou, 1. To employ hint in that which is his 
 tru'l: he is the jfleSengef of the C - ; if there be any 
 
 thing which you have to do with God, .relating to the 
 
 mal 
 
Chap. XVIII. of the Covenant* 54.5 
 
 making, maintaining, or renewing a Covenant with him, 
 there is a MefTenger appointed for negotiating in that mat- 
 ter, and one who is willing to be employed by you, Mat. 
 20. 28, The Son of man came not to he miniflred unto, but to 
 minifler. Joh. 6. 37, All that the father giveth m, Jhall come 
 to me : and him that cometh to me, I will in no ways cafl out. 
 Heb. 2. 17, Wherefore in M things it behoved him to be made 
 like unto his brethren , that he might be a merciful and faith- 
 ful High-prieft in things pertaining to God, to make reconcilia- 
 tion for the fins of the people. 2. Beware that you ufurp not 
 his employment, neither intrude upon it; take heed that you 
 attempt not to lend any MefTage to God , and not by the 
 MefTenger of the Covenant, Heb. 12.29, For owr God u 
 a con fuming fire. See that you go not any errant of the 
 Covenant without him : See that you lend not your prayers 
 and other performances to God, or any MefTage without 
 him, in their own ftrength, or by the hand of another 
 MefTenger, befide the Angel of the Covenant, Rev. 9. 3. And 
 another angel came and flood at the altar, having a golden cenfer^ 
 and there was given unto him much incenfe, that he ftrould offer 
 it with the prayers of all faints , upon the golden altar which 
 Was before the throne. Joh. 16.23, Verily, verily, I fay unto 
 you, whatfoever ye Jhall ask^ the father in my name, he will give 
 it you. 
 
 3 . Acknowledg Chrift in this Covenant-relation, and in 
 the execution of it : That ever you- heard of the Covenant ; 
 that it hath be,en declared, revealed, and interpreted to- you, 
 you are debtors for that to the MefTenger of the Covenant : 
 if he had not travelled in that bufinefs, you had never heard 
 of it, Eph. 2. 1 7, And came and preached peace to you which 
 were afar off, and to them that' were nigh. Mat. if: 11, Be- 
 canfe it is given unto you to know the myfieries of the kingdom 
 of heaven, but to them it is not given. Much more you are 
 his Debtors, if the Covenant be a£ted upon your hearts, 
 Heb. 2. 6, 10, But now hath he obtained a more excellent mi- 
 niflry, by how much alfo he is the mediator of a better c<rve~ 
 nant. for this is the covenant that J will make with the houfe 
 oflfrael after thofe days, faith the Lord'. I will put my laws 
 into their mind, and write them in their hearts : and I will be 
 to them a God, and they fljall be to me a people. Mat. 16.17, 
 
 Yy And 
 
34 6 Cbr/ji the Mejjenger Chap, XVIII. 
 
 And Jefus anfwcred and [aid unto him, Bleffed art thou r Si- 
 won Bar-Jona : for flefl) and blood hath not revealed it unto 
 thee, but my father which is in heaven. Joh. 17. <",8, J have 
 manifefled thy name unto the men which thou gaveft me out of 
 the world: thine they were, and thou gavejl them wr, and 
 they have kept thy word. For J have given unto them the 
 words which thou gavefl me, and they have received them, and 
 have known furely that / came out from thee, and they have 
 believed that thou didfl fend me. 
 
 4. Be requefted to take notice and to liften what Meffage 
 the Meffenger of the Covenant bringeth to you.: it is the 
 Meffage of a Covenant, of a good and fbre bargain , that 
 you would join your felves to the Lord, and take hold of 'his 
 covenant, Iik. 56. 4, 6. Whereunto, if you would but liften, 
 it (hould prove a life-giving motion, I fa. 55. 3, Incline your 
 ear , and come unto me : hear , and your foul foall live : 
 and I will make an everlafting covenant with you , even the 
 fure mercies of David. Joh. 1. 38, 39, They faid uuto him, 
 .Rabbi, (which is to fay, being interpreted , A4 after} where 
 dwellefi thou ? he faith unto them, come and fee : they came and 
 faw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day. It's a 
 Meffage of peace \ you need not ftare at it, nor be afraid 
 of what we have in commiffion, 2 Cor. 5, 19,20, 21, To wit, 
 that God was in Chrifl, reconciling the world unto himfelf, not 
 imputing their trefpaffes unto them, and hath committed unto us 
 the word of reconciliation. Now then we are ambaffadors for 
 Chrifl ^ as though God did befeech you. by us, we pray you in 
 Chrifl s ft e ad, be ye reconciled to God: for he hath made him 
 to be fin for us, who knew no fin, that we might be made the 
 right eoufnefs of God in him. Luk. 2. 10, 14, And the Angel 
 faid unto them, fear not - ? for behold, I bring you good tidings 
 
 « f great ]oy, which fl>all be to all people, Glory to God in the 
 
 highefty and on earth peace, goodwill towards men. lia.-60.17, 
 For brafs I will bring gold, and for iron I will bring filver y 
 and for wood brafs, and for flones iron : 1 will alfo make 
 thine officers peace, and thine exaftors right eoufnefs. It's a 
 Meffage of love, of the Fathers love, and of the Sons, 1 Joh* 
 \. l, Behold, what manner of love the father hath be ft owed 
 upon us, thtg we ftwuld be called the Sons of God : therefore 
 the world kjtfwe-th us not, becaufe it knew him not. Joh. 15.13* 
 
 Greater 
 
CHap. XVIII. of the Covenant. *m 
 
 . Greater love hath no man then this , that a man lay down 
 his life for his friends. It's a Meffage of Marriage-love, of 
 a match propoied to your Souls, Pfal. 45. Song. i,&c. Gome 
 and h:ar Chrift, commend Ohrift :, come and hear the MefTcn- 
 ger of the Covenant commend the bargain, commend the 
 . Covenant, commend God, commend Heaven and the lot ol 
 Saints -, and it became him well to do ib, his praile is iavoury 
 even in his own -mouth, Joh.6.^>. and 8.14,2 3,24. and 10. 1 1, 
 29. and 14.2. and 15. 1. Songi. 1. prov. 9. i, ckc. with 
 Song j.laft. 
 
 5. Be perfwaded to receive the Meflenger himfelf: if it 
 were poflible to receive his MefTage, and not to receive him- 
 felf, that could not avail youj confider with your felves, 
 1. What huge unkindnels it were not to receive iiich a 
 . Meflenger, who hath travelled fo far, and through fo much 
 hardfhip, and for this one errant, To make offer of his love 
 to you, J oh. 1 $. 1, Having loved his own which were in the 
 world, he loved them unto the end. Song 5, 2, Saying, open to 
 me my fifier, my love, my dove, my unde filed, for my head is 
 filed with diW , and my lockj with the drops of the night, 
 2- Confider, how unexcufable before God this one a& fhall 
 make you, and how much it fhall leave upon your felves, 
 and bind upon your. felves your own blood and damnation, 
 Joh. 1 5 . 22, If I had not come and fpo\en unto them 9 they had 
 not had fin ; but now they have no cloaks for their fin. Joh. %. 
 40, And ye will not come to me that ye might have life. 
 Joh. 1. ip, And this is the condemnation , that light is come 
 into the world , and men have loved darknefs rather then light) 
 becaufe their deeds were evil. $. Confider what high and 
 excellent priviledges the receiving of the Meflenger of the 
 Covenant bringeth with it. See Joh. 1. 12, But as many as 
 received him, to them gave he power to become the Sons cf God^ 
 even to them that believe on his name. Rev. $. 20, If any man 
 hear my voice, and open the dore, I will come in to him , and 
 will (up with him, and he with me. Joh. 14. 2 $, Jefus anfwer- 
 ed, and f aid Hnto him. If any man love me, he will keep my 
 Words -, and my father will love him, and we will come unto 
 him, and make our abode with him. I fa. 56. 7, Even them will 
 I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my houfe 
 9 f ? ra yer ; their burnt -offer ings , and their facrifces fiall be 
 
 Yy t accepted 
 
34 8 Chrijl the Mcjfenger Chap. XVIII. 
 
 accepted upon mine altar : for mine houfe jhall be failed an houje 
 of grayer for all people. 4. Confider how near God hath 
 brought Heaven and Salvation unto you, by the MefTenger 
 of the Covenant : it is even come down to meet you, and 
 brought to your dore to knock for entry, Rev.U.-h+y 
 And 1 heard a great voice out of Heaven^ faying, Behold, the 
 tabernacle of God is with men^ and he mil dwell with them, 
 and they jhall be his people y and God himfclf jliall be with them, 
 and be their God, and God Jhall wipe away all tears from their 
 eyes. Luk. 10. p, And fay unto them, the kingdom of God is 
 come nigh unto you. Ifa.46. 1 3, 7 bring near my righteoufnefs ; 
 it jhall not be far off, and my falvation jljaM not tarry : and J 
 will place falvation in Zion, for Ifrael my glory. Rom. 1 3. 1 1, 
 And that, knowing the time, thai now it is high time to awake 
 out of fleep : for now is our falvation nearer then when we be- 
 lieved. 5. Confider, that the MefTenger of the Covenant is 
 the jewel and preciousftone of that ring ; he himfelf is the 
 chief thing that is in the Covenant, and much better than 
 Salvation and Heaven, ^^.13.44,45, Again the kingdom 
 of heaven is like unto rreafure hid in a field , the which 
 when a man hath found , he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth 
 and felleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field. Again, 
 the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant-man ', feekjng 
 goodly pear Is y See. 1 Pet. 2. 7. Vnto you therefore which believe, 
 be is precious. 6. Confider, that he defireth no more fatis- 
 fattion for all the travel of his Soul in this Meflage, but 
 that he may fee fome fruit of his travel, through his peo- 
 ples receiving his Meflage, and making the MefTenger of the 
 Covenant welcome •, and it is a pity to refufe him To rea- 
 fonable a defire, Jfa. 53. 11, He j hall fee of the travel of his 
 foul) and jhall be fat is fed. Luk. 19.41,42, And when he was 
 come near, he beheld the city and wept over it ; faying, If thou 
 hadfl .known, even thou, at leafi in this thy day, the things which 
 belong unto thy peace ! but now they are hid from thine eyes. 
 7. Confider, that if you receive not the MefTenger of the 
 Covenant, -you mifs the whole bargain, for he is all the Cove- 
 nant, Jfa.42.6, And I will give thee fir a covenant of the 
 people x for a light of the Gentiles. 
 
 6. % all means take heed how you entertain the Mef- 
 frpger of the Covenant, 1 Cor .10,9, Neither let hs tempt 
 
 Chrift, 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 549. 
 
 Cbrifi , as fame of them alfo tempted, and were deftroyed of 
 ferpents. If you ufe him kindly , he will indeed deal well 
 with you, and be eafily entreated, Exod. 23.20,22, Behold, 
 I fend an angel before thee to keep thee in the way, and to 
 bring thee in the place which I have prepared. But if thou 
 jhalt indeed obey his voice y and do all that I fpeak^, Then J 
 Will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adverfary unto thine 
 sdverfaries. Rev. 3. 20, Be ho Id , I ft and at the dor e and kgovkj 
 if any man hear my voice, and open the door* I will come in to 
 him, and [up with him? and he with me. Joh. I4- 2 S 5 ft fas 
 anfwered, and faid unto him, If any man love me, he will keep 
 my jvords : and my father will love him, and we will come un- 
 to him, and make our abode with him. Luk. 24. 29, But they 
 conftrained him, faying, Abide with us, for it is towards even- 
 ing, and the day is far fpent , and he went in to tarry with 
 them. But if you provoke him and flight him, O you had 
 need to beware of him, he will not bear with it, Exod. 23.21. 
 Jfa.61.2,1* 1 Or. id. 22, 
 
 CHAP. XIX. 
 
 \ 
 
 Chrifi a Servant in the Covenant. \ 
 
 TH E fifth relation which Chrift fuftaineth in the Cove-- 
 nant,is, He is a Servant in thebufinefs of the Covenant. 
 Many Scriptures point at Chrift under this Covenant-relation, 
 J/^.42. 1. and 49. 3, 5,6. and 52. 13, and 53. 11. Ez^ek, 34. 
 23,24. and 37.24,25. Zech. 3.8. Mat. 12. 18. Lu\. 22.27, . 
 Mark, 10.45. jfow. 15..8. For the better underftanding 
 whereof, let us a little enquire in thefe fix Particulars: 
 ?. In what refpe&s this name is given to Chrift. 2. How 
 he came under this" Covenant-relation, 3. Whofe Servant 
 he is. 4. What kind of Service this is, which lyeth upon 
 Chrift by this Covenant-relation. 5. What doth pertain to 
 his office, as Servant in the Covenant \ and what was the 
 Service he did in the bufinefc of the Covenant. 6. Some 
 
 things 
 
7 50 Chrifi a. Servant hi the bujivefs Chap. XIX. 
 
 things in his Service, which commend, his acting in this Cove- 
 nant-relation. 
 
 And, i. This Name, which is a name not only of fub- 
 ordination and fubjection ( as is the name MefTenger ), but 
 of the loweft and moft abjec~l condition of fubordination. I 
 fay, i. This name is given to Chrifi, not in regard of his 
 nature, but in regard of his officv as Mediator, as he took up- 
 on him a Service •, this name is not a name of nature, for in 
 regard of his Divine nature he hath another ftyle, My Son 
 is his name, not my Servant, Mat. 5. 17, This is my beloved 
 Son, in whom I am well pleafed. And in regard of his Hu- 
 mane nature, though the man Chrift is by nature Gods Ser- 
 vant, yet he is not by nature a common Servant to both 
 the parties in the Covenant, nor a Servant of the Covenant, 
 but a Free -man, Mat. 17.26, J e fas faith unto him, then are 
 the children free. Therefore 1 fay, it is not the name of the 
 natural only begotten Son of Gocl, nor the name of the man 
 Chrift ( as it importeth any thing peculiar, and not common 
 to the reft of the creatures ) *, but it is the name of Chrift 
 Mediator, God-man, Heb. 12.24. 2. This name is given to 
 Chrift mainly and eminently , in regard of the ftate and 
 condition of his humiliation, Phil. 2.7, 8, But made himfelf 
 of no reputation, and tooh^ upon him the form of a Servant, and 
 was made in the likenefs of men : and being found in fajhion 
 as a man, he humbled himfelf , and became obedient unto death, 
 even the death of the erofr. For though now, when God hath 
 highly exalted him, he be ftill a Prieft upon a Throne, Heb. 
 8. 1, and con&quently promoting the lame Truft and Ser- 
 vice about which he was lent to the earth •, yet his way 
 of carrying on that Service is fo Princely, as he carryeth 
 condeiceridingly to men, Phil.2.9 ,10, Wherefore God alfo hath 
 highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above eve- 
 ry name : that at the name of Jefiu every knee jhould bow> of 
 things in heaven, and things in earrh, and things under the 
 earth. If we fhould yet name him by this Covenant^rela- 
 tion, we behoved to look upon him as a kinged and crown- 
 ed Servant, who for performing that notable Service that was 
 committed unto him, hath been exalted to a Glorious 
 Throne *, and yet for all his preferment, is as humble, and 
 affable, and eafie to be fpoke with, as when /he was upon 
 
 the 
 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 351 
 
 the earth *, for he beareth the fame heart toward his people, 
 //<?&. 4. 15, Id, For we have not an High-pricft, which cannot 
 be touched with the feeling of our infirmities-, but was in all 
 feints tempted like as we are, yet without fin. Let us therefore 
 come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we way obtain mercy, 
 and find grace to help in time of need. j. The name of Ser- 
 vant in the bufinefs of the Covenant, is given to Chrift, in 
 regard of his trull*, becaufe the greateft truft that ever was 
 put upon man, was put upon him by the Covenant of Re- 
 demption ; he was entrufted with a rare piece of Service *, 
 the laving of finners, the carrying through the work of Re- 
 demption, the weight of the loft World being laid upou 
 his (boulders, Ifa.49.6, And he faid, it is a light thing that 
 thou fliauldft be my fervant, to raije up the tribes of Jacob, 
 and to rcftore the preferved of Jfrael: I will alfo give thee for 
 a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayefl be my falvation unto 
 the end of the earth, Joh. 17.2, As thou haft given him pow- 
 er over all fiefti, that he fliould give eternal life to as many as 
 thou haft given him, Joh. 5. 22, For as the- father judgeth 
 no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son* 
 4- This name is given to Chrift, in regard of his work *, for 
 it is a name of work as well as of truft, becauie he ierved a 
 great Service in the bufinefs of the Covenant. I have e!fe where 
 fhewed, that the whole bufinefs of Redemption was his work : 
 therefore you find he fpeaks often of his work, and labour,, 
 and fpending his ftrength , and of the travel of his Soul, 
 //*. 49.4, Then I faid, I have laboured in vain, I have fpent 
 my ftrength for nought, and in vain. 11a. 5$. 10, 11, Tet it 
 pleafed the Lord to bruife him, he hath put him to grief: when 
 thoujhalt make his Soul an offering for fin, befiiallfee his feed y 
 he jhall prolong his days, and the pleafure of the Lord JhalL ' 
 profper in his hand. He foall fee of the travel of his Soul, 
 and fiall be fatisfied. Joh. 4. 54^ J*fus faith unto them, My 
 meat is to do the will of him that fern me, and to finifi) his 
 norl^ Joh. 17.4, I have glorified thee on earth : I have fimflied 
 the workwhich thou gave ft me. to do. Joh. S.29, And he that 
 fent me is with me : the father hath not left me alone - y for 1 
 do always thofe things that pleafe him. 5. This name is given 
 to Chrffir, in regard of his wages and reward, which redound- 
 ed unto him by this great Service which he performed unto 
 
 God, 
 
3p drift a Servant hi tf;cbn^:efs Chap. XIX. 
 
 God, by faring the elect world, which yet rauft be ur 
 ftood of no fervile reward, for his love could not be hire 
 but we read of a reward promifed and : him, 
 
 : : , : . He frail fee of the travel of h:s Soul, andjhtdi 
 be fatisfed* Therefore will I divide him a portion 
 
 :t, and he frail divide the fpoil with the ftrong : becanfe he 
 
 hath feared out his foul nxto death : and he was r.umbred with 
 
 the tranfgrejfors, and he bare the fin of many, and made in- 
 
 the tranfgre ffors . Pfal. 2. 8, Ask^of me, and I frail 
 
 thee the heathen for thine inh^ and the uttermtft 
 
 earth for thy foffejfwn. A reward expected and 
 
 d by him, 7/^.49.4, 5, Yet furely my judg snt is with 
 :-.? L:>-Js ar.d my worh^with my God. Though jfreal be not 
 
 :rred, yet fall 1 be glorma in the eyes of the Lord, and 
 aII be my ftrength. A reward craved bv him, 
 :-. ,, 5, / have glorified thee on earth : I have finified 
 the work^ which thou gavefl me to do \ And now, O father, 
 glonfe thou me with thine own felf, with the glory which I 
 had with thee before the world was. A reward pay- 
 ed unto him as * the fruit of his labours, Phil. 2.$ 9 e) 9 
 A y :d being found in fajhon as a man, he humbled himfelf, and 
 became obedient iir.t: death, even unto the death of the crofs. 
 Wherefore God al hath highly exalted him , and given him a 
 7iamc which is above every namejieb .12.2. 6 . The name of Ser- 
 Tant is given to him, in regard of the fpirit of fear unto 
 which he did fubject himfelf for a feafon, while he was here 
 1- onr nature, in the fhape of a Servant; I fay, though there 
 were always in the heart of Chriit a defign of love, w 
 made him run and ferve in the bufinefs of the Covenant", ye: 
 : omething of the :p:ri: of a Servant in the man 
 Chriit, made under the law *, and having taken upon him our 
 condition , as well as our nature ( which yet muft be under- 
 ftooc to be fuch as did well (land with the heart of a Son, 
 
 , with the heighth of that transcendent love, which was 
 the love of God). And in regard of this he is God to be 
 mule under the law> Gal. 4. 4. When he put his n?.me in 
 bond, he took on c 3c condition, and fubjected him- 
 
 felf to threatnings and terrors of the law : and hence it is 
 that he is laid to fear, Heb. 5. 7. and to be troubled r 
 rri, Joh. 12. 2-, and 13.21. 
 
 :. I 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 353 
 
 2. But what erigaged him, and brought Chrift: under this 
 Covenant-relation, to become a Servant ? An fa. Sure it was 
 by no neceflity of nature that Chrift was engaged in this 
 Service *, for he was not engaged, becaufe he could [not chufe 
 but he muft be a Servant : But rather I judg thefe four 
 things did engage him : 1. The Lords choice and call} the 
 Lord did freely and of meer Grace make choice of Chrift, 
 and fend him in this Service, lfa*A% 1? $-> Behold my fervant 
 
 whom I uphold: mine elect, in whom my font delighteth. 1 the 
 
 Lord have culled thee in righteoufnefs, and will hold thine hand y 
 and will keep thee. Ilk. 61. 1, The fpirit of the Lord God u 
 upon me , because the 'Lord hath anointed me to preach good 
 ty dings unto the meek^: he hath fent me to bind the broken 
 hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of 
 the prifon to them that are bound. Ifa.49. 7,9, Thus faith the 
 Lord, the redeemer of Ifrael, and his holy one, to him whom 
 man defpifeth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a fervant 
 of rulers : kings jhall fee and arifc, princes alfo -Jhall worjhip, 
 becaufe of the Lord, that is faithful, and the holy one of Ifrael, 
 and he jhall chufe thee y that thou may eft fay to the prisoners ', 
 go forth ', to them that are in '.darknefs , fliew your f elves. 
 2. His own love engaged him r there was always in the heart 
 of Chrift, a defign and aim of love to the elecl: world, and 
 this engaged him in the Service of a Covenant, by>whichhe 
 might enjoy them, and they him," Joh. 13, 1, 3,4, Now be- 
 fore the feaft of the paffeover, when fefas knew that his hour 
 was come, that he Jhould depart ?ut of this-, world unto, the 
 father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved 
 
 them unto the end. And that he was come from God, and 
 
 went to God. And he took^a towel, and girded himfelf, &c. 
 
 i. His own free conient, who was as willing to undertake 
 this fervice,as the Lord was to. fend him : this engaged him, 
 Joh. 10. 17, 18, Therefore, doth my father love me ,- betkufe I 
 lay down my life that I might take it again, AV man taketh it 
 from me, but I lay it down of my felf: I have power to lay it 
 down, and I have power to take it again, this commandment 
 have 1 received of my father. Heb. 10, 7, Then f aid I, Lo, I 
 
*>*a Chri(l a Servant in the bujittefs Chap.XIX. 
 
 made him a Servant, Phil. 2. 6, 7, Who being in the form of 
 God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made 
 himfelf of no reputation, and took^ upon him the form of a fer- 
 vant, and was made in the likenefs of men. 4. His compact 
 and Covenant engaged him: for he not onlyVonfented to 
 ierve in this bufmeis of the Covenant, but he gracioufly 
 condefcended to be hired to perform iuch a Service, and 
 undertook, for it, I fa. 5$. 10, 11, 12, Yet it pie a fed the Lord 
 to bruife him 9 he hath put him to grief : when thou fralt make 
 his foul an offering for fin, he frail fee his feed, he frail pro- 
 long his days, and the pleafure of the Lord jhall profper in his 
 hand. He frail fee of the travel of his. foul, and frail be fat is- 
 fed : by his knowledg frail my righteous fervant juftifie many : 
 for he frail bear their iniquities, therefore will 1 divide him 
 a portion with the great, and he frail divide the fpoil with the 
 frrvng-y-becaufe he hath poured out his foul unto death : and he 
 was numbred with the tranfgreffors, and he bare the fin of ma- 
 ny, and made interceffion for the tranfgreffors. Thele, and nothing 
 but thefe did conclude and determine Chrift under this Cove- 
 nant-relation, to ferve this great Service of laving the loft world 
 3. Whofe Servant was Chrift in the bufineis of the Cove- 
 nant? whether of one of the' parties, or of both? was he his 
 fathers Servant only? or ours alfo? Anfw> He was a com- 
 mon Servant ' to both parties, God's Servant, and our Ser- 
 vant : I fhall clear it by the following particulars : 
 
 1. He was God's Servant, for lb his father frequently 
 ftyles him, Ifa.42. 1, Behold my fervant. I fa. 5$. 11, My 
 righteous fervant. Zech. 3.8, My fervant the branch. So he 
 acknowledged himfelf to be, Joh. 17.4, I have gbrified thee 
 en the earth : I have finifred the work^ which thou gavefi me to 
 do. Heb. 10. 9, Then faid he, Lo, I come to do thy will ( O 
 God). Joh. 6. $8, For I came down from heaven , not to do 
 mine own will, but the will of him that fent me. 
 
 2. He was our Servant alfo *, for fo he confeMeth "himfelf, 
 Mat. 20. 28, Even as the fon of man came not to be miniftred 
 unto, but to minifter, and to give his life a ranfom for many, 
 Luk. 22. 27. And fo he behaved himfelf, and in his carri- 
 
 , age while he. was on earth, he gave proof of it, J^k 1 3.4, 
 5> l 4> V5, He rifeth from f upper, and Uicf'afide fiis garments^ 
 and tovk a towly'and girded himfelf. After 'ffml he poureth 
 
 water 
 
Chap- XIX. of the Covenant. 355 
 
 Water into a bafo*, and began to wafii the difciples feet, and to 
 wipe them with the towel, wherewith he was girded. — -Andjaui^ 
 if I then your lord and mafter have wajhed your feet, ye alia 
 ought to wajlj one another s feet. For 1 have given you an ex- 
 ample, that ye Jloould do as I have done to yon. 
 
 3. He was Servant to both parties, but with this obfer- 
 vable difference, which is to be underftood and cautioned : 
 
 1. Chrift was Servant to God, in the Covenant and, work 
 of Redemption, by choice and election, not fo to us : God 
 made choice 0? him for this work, but we did not make 
 choice of him*, he made choice of us, Jfa-&, 1, Behold my 
 
 - fervant whom I uphold : mine elett, in whom my foul delight eth. 
 Joh. 15. 1 6, Te have not chofen me, but I have chofen you } and 
 ordained yon, that ye fwuld go and bring forth fruit , and 
 that your fr nit jlwuld remain. 2. He was God's Servant, not 
 by condefceniion only, but by Covenant and compact with 
 God ; he is our Servant by condefcenfioa, but by no com- 
 pact with us. In all Covenant-relations betwixt him and us, 
 he is our Lord ancP Matter, he is our Head and Husband, 
 Ffal.$$. ii, for he is the Lord, and worftip thou him. Pfal. 
 1 10. I, The Lord faid unto my Lord, fit thou at my right 
 hand until I make thine enemies thy foct-ftool. And what ' 
 
 further (looping is upon his part, is voluntary humbling of 
 bimielf, Joh. 1 3. 13, 14, Te call me mafter and Lord, and ye 
 fay well : f§r fo I am. If I then your Lord and mafter have 
 wafhed your feet, ye alfo ought to wajh one another s feet. Phil. 
 
 2. 7, But made himfelf of no reputation , and took^ upon him 
 the form of a fervant, and was made in the likenefs of men. .. 
 
 3. He is God's Servant, not for love only to the work 
 wherein he Serveth ', but for wages, as I have already fhewr 
 ed : but he is our Servant for no wages nor rew ard which 
 he could expert from us , but purely for love, Joh. 13.1, 
 Having loved his own which were in the world , he loved them 
 unto the end. Joh- 15. 13, Greater love hath no man then this, 
 that a man lay down his life for his friends. 4. He is God's 
 Servant, as a Son ferveth his father, yea as a Servant ferv- 
 eth his Mafter, MaU 1.6, A fan honoureth his father, and a 
 fervanu his mafter. Phil. 2. 7, And took^upon him the form of a 
 fervant. Joh. 6. 38, For 1 came down from heaven, not to do 
 mine own will, but the will of him that fent me. But he k 
 
 Zz 2 our 
 
^ - 5 C hrifil a Servant in the bujinefs Chap.XIX. 
 
 our Servant, as a friend ferveth his friend-} Joh. 15. 14, Te- 
 ar e my friends if ye do whatfoever 1 command yon. And as 
 a man Serveth one whom he loveth and wooeth, which 
 he doth neither for fear nor reward, but being whol- 
 ly a&ed and determined to do fo, from a principle of love, 
 and a defignoflove within himfelfr; Joh. 3.29, He that hath 
 the bride, is the bridegroom : but the friend of the bridegroom^ 
 which ftandeth and heareth him, rejoiccth greatly becaufe of the 
 bridegrooms voice. Song 5. 2,/r is the voice of -my beloved that knocks 
 tth, Joying, of en to me, my fifter, my love, my dove, my nndefled. 
 4. What kind of Service is it which belongeth to Chrift 
 by this Covenant-relation? Anfw. 1. It was the greateji 
 piece of Service and truft that ever was put upon man : no 
 lefs then the whole work of our Redemption and Salvation, 
 the weight of the loft World , and of all the elecl, was 
 upon his fhoulders in this Service, Jfa. 22.24, And they frail 
 hang upon him all the glory of his fathers houfe, the off-fpring 
 and the ijfue 7 all veJJ'els of fmall quantity ; from the veffels of 
 cttps, even to all the veffels of flaggens. Joh- 17-2, 3,4, As 
 thou haft given him power over all fiejh, that he fiiould give e- 
 ternal life to as many as thou haft given him. And this is life 
 eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jefm 
 Chrift whom thou haft fent. 1 have glorified thee on the earth : 
 1 have fini fired the worl^ which thou gov eft me to do. 2. It 
 was the harfeft piece of Service that ever was laid upon any 
 perfon. O what a hard Service was it to deftroy the works 
 of the Devil, to bind the ftrorrg man, and to fpoil his houfe, 
 to fall into his quarters, and to bring off the priibners-, yea, 
 to go into the. priion, and to let open the dores, and let the 
 priibners go free ; to' enter his peribn in prifon for them-, to- 
 pay the debt of fo many broken men *, to bear their tranf- 
 greflions, and the chaftiiement of their peace*, to endure 
 the ftroak of the wakened up fword of Divine Juftice in 
 our (lead! Heb.i.i^. Mat. 12. 29. Jfa. 61.1,2. Zech.9. 
 11. ^#.2.24. Col. 2. 15. iCor. 15.55. Jfa.$l. through- 
 out. It w r as the hardfhip of this Service that made 
 him heavy and grieved* that made him pray, and cry, and 
 weep, and iweat blood, Joh. 13.21.^ Joh.26. 22,42, /jKKj. 
 7. Luke 22. 24. The Service of no labouring man, of no flave, 
 that ferveth for hire, as a ftranger in another country, is 
 
 ta 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 357 
 
 to be compared with the hardfhip of his Service. 3. This 
 Service was an honourable place and Service *, he ferved as a 
 King, Heb.S. I, Now of the things which we have fpoken, 
 this is the fuw ; we have fitch an High-priefi, who is Jet on 
 the right hand of the throne of the Majefty in the heavens, 
 Joh. 5. 22, 2 3, For as the father judgeth no man: but hath 
 committed all 'judgment unto the Son , that all men Jhould ho- 
 nour the Son, even as they honour the father. He that honour - 
 eth not the Son, honoureth not the father which hath fent him, 
 Ila. 22. 23, 24, And he jhall be for a glorious throne to his 
 fathers houfe. And they Jliall hang upon him all the glory of 
 his fathers houfe, the off-fpring and the ijfue. Yea, It's a 
 greater place than to be a King * 7 for by it the man Chrift' 
 is exalted far above all principality, and conftituted Judg and 
 Ruler of the Nations, Prince of the Kings of the Earth,head 
 of the Church, and King of Saints. Phil. 2.8,9. Eph. 2.20, 
 21,22. Col. 1. 28. lfa. 9. <5. All. 17. $1. Rev. 15. 3. and 17. 
 14. 4. It was the moft kindly Service that ever was done 
 by man *, for it was the Service of love, the defign of love 
 that was in his heart, made him with good will to ferve: 
 Jer. $i. 3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, faying, 
 yea, I have loved thee with an everlafling love : therefore with 
 loving-kindnefs have I drawn thee. He Served not only 
 as a hired man and a Granger in a far Country, and as a 
 King and great Lord Ambaflador, whole Service was a Rule 
 and Government *, but he ferved alfo as a lover, becaufe of 
 the defign of love, and of eternal enjoyment of his chofen 
 people, which was in his heart, he wearied not to ferve his 
 father, who had promifed to give him the people whom he 
 loved with an everlafting love *, and he wearied not to ferve 
 his people, that he might court and woo them to himfelf; he 
 did ferve for the fatisfa&ion that he promifed to himfelf, 
 in the enjoyment of the people, upon whom he had fet his 
 heart ; and as low a price as poor finners are, yet he count- 
 ed them worthy to be compafTed with lb high a defign *, he 
 reckoned them a wager and recompence for all his Service., 
 Jfa. 53. 11, He jhall fee of the travel of of his foul, and jliall 
 befatisfied. Heb. 12.2, Who for the joy that was fet before 
 him, endured the crofs, defpifing the jliame, and is fet down at 
 the right hand of the thrwe of God, His Service is not unfit- 
 
org Cbrijl a Servant in the bufinefs Chap, XIX, 
 
 ly refembled by Jacobs, who Served for a Wife whom he loved, 
 6^.29.15,21,27, And Laban faid unto Jacob, Becaufe thou 
 art my brother ?flwuldft thou therefore ferve me for nought f tell me 
 what flail thy wages be.- — And Jacob [aid unto Lab an. Give me 
 
 my wife, ( for my days Are fulfilled') Fulfil her weekly and we 
 
 will give t hoc this alfofor the fer vice which thou (halt [erve with 
 me, yet [even other years. 
 
 5. What was the Service which Chrifl: did in the bufinefs 
 of the Covenant? though -this cannot be fufficiently anfwer- 
 ed by us, who have not yet come to know and underftand 
 half of that which he hath done for his people, 1 Cor. 2. 9, 
 But as it is written, Eye hath mtfecn, nor ear heard, neither 
 have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath 
 prepared for them that love him. 1 Joh. 1. 1,2, Behold, what 
 manner of love the father hath be flowed upon us, that we fiwuld 
 be called the Sons of God : therefore the world knoweth us not, 
 becaufe it knew him not. Beloved, now are we the Sons of 'God, 
 and it doth not yet appear what we [mil be * 9 but we know, that 
 when he [hall appear, we [mil be like him : for we [hall fee him 
 as he is. Yet let us glance at it by that dim light which 
 we have of the Scriptures. It is in general called by him- 
 felf the workwhich his father gave him to do, Joh. 17.4- By 
 which we underftand, all that Chrift had in commiflion to 
 do in our nature, from the time of his receiving a commifli- 
 on to be the Mediator of the Covenant, unto the. time of 
 his delivering up the Kingdom to his father :, more particu- 
 larly, this Service which Chrift did in the bufinefs of the 
 Covenant, it's called the reflitution of all things,. A£t. $.21. 
 When Chrift fhall bring all things out of that difordered 
 and ruined condition whereunto they were brought by the 
 fall of man, and fhall reftore them to the Primitive integri- 
 ty ; when he fhall reftore fore-faulted man into his firft eftate 
 of innocency and happinefs, by taking of the fore-faulture, 
 and bringing him out of his excommunicated exiled conditi- 
 on, into the prefence and fellowship of God, Eph. 2. 12, 1 $, 
 That at that time ye were without Chrifl , being aliens from 
 the commonwealth of Ifrael , and ftr angers from the Covenant 
 of promife, having no hope , and without God in the world. 
 But now in Chrifl *Jefus, ye who fometimes were afar off, art 
 made nifh by the blood of Chrift. And when the creatures 
 . j J fhall 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 
 
 fhall be delivered from the bondage of corruption? into the glo- 
 rioHS liberty of the Sons of God? Rom. 8. 21. This Service is 
 called, the bearing the tranjgreffwns of many ? the making his 
 foul an offering for fm y Ilk. 53. ic, 12. It was the putting 
 his Soul in our Souls (lead \ that the law might overtake him, 
 that juftice might fmite him for us, and might take iatisfafti- 
 on from him, for the broken Covenant ? it was the offering 
 up of himfelf in a Sacrifice ; the putting of his Soul in the 
 flame of hot burning wrath for us, that the furbufhec! and 
 wakened-iip fword of Divine Juftice might be bathed in his 
 blood, until it w r as full of blood, and latisfied, Heb. 9. 14, 
 How much more ftiall the blood of Chrift? who through the e- 
 ternal /pint, offered himfelf without fpot to God> purge your con- 
 science from dead works to ferye the living God. Zech. .14. 7, 
 Awake? O fword? again ft my Jhepherd? and again ft the man 
 that is my fellow ? faith- the Lord of hofts : jmite the ftiep- 
 berd?&c. It's called, the reconciling of the world to God? 
 2 Cor. 5. 19. By which we understand, all the travel of his 
 Soul, in the propounding, treating, and concluding of a peace 
 'twixt God and ilnners : for all that Service was laid upon 
 him, and was performed by him : for he maketh the propo- 
 rtion of peace, he carryeth on the treaty, until his own hand 
 lead our hand to fign the articles of peace propounded in 
 the Gofpel, £ph. 2. 17, And came and preached peace to you 
 which were afar off? and to them that were nigh. 2 Cor. 5. 19, 
 20, To wit y that God was in Chrift reconciling the world un- 
 to himfelf? not imputing their trefpaffes unto them : and hath 
 committed unto us the word of reconciliation. 2 Cor. 9.1 5, 
 Whiles by the experiment of this miniftration? they glorifie God 
 for your profeffed fub]eclion unto the Gofpel of Chrift. This 
 Service is called the faving of the loft world? Luk. 19. 10. 
 And the bringing many Sons to glory?. Heb „2. 10. That was 
 a great Service indeed, to have th* weight of the loft world 
 upon his fhouldiers *, to have the keeping and leading, yea, 
 the bearing in his arms of all that numberlefs number of 
 the ranibmed and redeemed ones, whom God had appointed 
 unto Glory, Joh. 17. 12, While I was with them in t\x worlds 
 1 kept them in thy name : thofe that thou gave ft me^ J have 
 kept? and none of them is loft. Ifa.40.. 1.1, He ft i all feed his 
 ftock^like a Jliepherd: he fliall gather the lambs with his arm? 
 
 and, 
 
$6c Chrijl a Servant in the bnfwefs Chap.XIX. 
 
 and carry them in his bo[ome, and fiall gently lead thofe that are 
 withyouvg. In a word, the Service which Chriit. did in the 
 bufmeis of the Covenant, was the the transacting of the Co- 
 venant \ he did all that bufinefs from beginning to end*, and 
 without him was nothing done of all things pertaining to 
 God, and a new Covenant betwixt him and us : whereof fee 
 more particularly what we have fpoken of the Mediator of 
 the Covenant, Chap.^. 
 
 Vfi i . Think with your felves and confider the love that 
 made him come under this Covenant-relation *, that made 
 him a common Servant to both the parties : for though he 
 had wages and a rew T ard propounded to him, yet it was 
 love that a&ed Chrift in performing this great piece of 
 Service. His Service of love is much commended, 1. From 
 the infinite condefcenfion that was in it : O what condefcen- 
 fion was it for a Son to become a Servant ! Heb.^3, Though 
 he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he 
 fuffered: for the Son, the only begotten Son and Heir, to 
 become a Servant! Mat. 21. 37, 38, But lafl of all, he fent 
 nnto them his Son, raying-) they will reverence my Son. But 
 when the husbandmen [aw the Son, they [aid among themfelves, 
 this is the heir, come, let us kill him , and let us feizje on his 
 inheritance. For the Son of God to become a Servant to the 
 ions of- men ! Plnl. 2. 6, 7, Who being in the form of God, 
 thought it -not robbery to be equal with God: but made himfelf 
 of no refutation : And took^ upon him the form of a fervant, 
 and was made in the likenefs of men. 2. From the voluntari- 
 nefs of his coming under this Covenant-relation -, when he 
 was not a Servant by any neceflity of nature, that he made 
 himfelf one •, that when nothing elfe was to do it, his grace, 
 his love determined him to go and ierve his enemies, and 
 make himfelf of no reputation, Phil. 2, 7. Rom. 5.8, But God 
 commended his love toward us, in that while we were yet [in- 
 ner s, Chrijl died for us. Heb. 10. 9, Then [aid he, La, I come 
 to do thy will CO God). O what ftrange love was that, 
 which made Chrift fo willingly leave the Throne, and come 
 down to the foot-ftool, and ihnd and ferve ! Mat.20.2S, 
 Even as the Son of man came not to be miniftred unto, but to 
 minifler, and to give his life a ranfome for many. Joh. 13 .4-5 5 > 
 He rifeth frem fapper y and laid afide his garments, and took^ a 
 
 towel. 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 
 
 towel, and girded himfelf. After that, he poureth water into 
 a bafon, and began to waftj the difcipUs feet, and to wipe them 
 with the towel wherewith he was girded. Gal. 2. 2D, And the 
 life which I now live in the flefti, I live by the faith of the 
 Son of God, who loved me, and gave himfelf for me, 3 . His 
 Service of love is commended, from the lowneis of the wager 
 and price which he is to have for his Service and love. Was 
 man a crown and wager for Chrift to work and to run 
 for , that he might win it ? how great a difproportion is 
 there betwixt the Service and the Wages ? Can-poor polluted 
 nothings, Rich as we are, be a price for fuch Love, for fuch 
 Service, for fuch tranfeendent infinite Love ? and yet fuch 
 was the wager for which he ferved, Joh> 1 3. 1, Having 
 loved his own which were in the world^ he loved them unto 
 the end. Joh. 17. 19, And for their fakes I fantlifie my felf p 
 that they alfo might be fanttifted through the truth, 4. His 
 Service is commended from the largenefs of his defign of 
 Love, through which he did drive the ferving of this Ser- 
 vice*, that God, the Son of God, did drive this piece of 
 Service through fo deep, and broad, and long a defign of 
 tranfeendent love, from everlafting to everlafting *, through fo 
 many decrees, which at laft could produce nothing in the re- 
 f bit, but this price, To have his poor people engaged to him 
 by a Covenant ; whereas we might think a lower defign 
 might compafs finners, and a lefs price might buy poor man, 
 Jer, 3 1. 3, The Lord hath appeared of old nnto me, faying^ 
 Tea, I have loved thee with an everlafting love : therefore with 
 loving-kindnefs have 1 drawn thee. 1 Joh. 3.1, Behold what 
 manner of love the father hath be flowed upon us, that we fljould 
 be called the Sons of God :- therefore the world knoweth us not, 
 becaufe it knew him not, Eph. 3* 18, 19, may be able to com- 
 prehend with all faints, what is the breadth, and length, and 
 depth, and height : and to know the love of Chrift which pajfeth 
 kyowledg, that ye might be filled with all the fulnefs of God, 
 5. His Service is commended for his performing of it, and 
 doing his work fo long before he was to reap that low price 
 of all the travel of his Soul, to wit, the enjoyment of his 
 people, lja.$il 1 1, He jhall fee of the travel of his foul, and 
 fiatl be fat is fed : He ferved long ago for that wager which 
 is not not yet payed to him *, and he knew when he ferved that 
 
 Aaa Service, 
 
 361 
 
2g 2 Chrift a Servant in the bufwefs Chap.XIX. 
 
 Service , that he fhouLd lie fo long out of a great part of 
 his fatisfaclion, Joh. 17. 20, Neither pray I for thefe alone? 
 but for them alfo which fu.tll believe on me through their word. 
 Vfe 2, This Covenant-relation fpeaks fad things to them 
 who will not ferve Chrift: : 1 . Wo to them that will not 
 ferve him, who refufe a confent of their Service to him, 
 who made himfelf a Servant for our lake, Luk. 19. 14, But 
 his citizens hated him? and fent a meffage after him, faying? 
 We will not have this man te reign over us. Pial. 2. 3, Let us 
 break^their bands af under ? and caft away their cords from vu. 
 We love to be Lords over our own liberty and wills, and to 
 break his bands. 2. Wo to them that think fhame to ferve 
 him : there is a generation that think it is below them to 
 ferve Chrift • they judg his Service is not honourable, though 
 fce was not afhamed to lerve us, Lukj 22. 27, For whether is 
 greater? he that fitteth at meat? or he that ferveth ? is not he 
 that fitteth at meat ? but I am among you as he that ferveth. 
 Heb. 2. 11, For both he that fanttifieth? and they who are 
 fancbified are all of one •, for which caufe he is not afhamed fr 
 call them brethren : And though it be no fhame, but honour- 
 able to ferve him, Pfal. 116. 16, O Lord? truly I dm thy 
 fervant ? I am thy fervant? and the Son of thine hand-maid : 
 thou hafi loo fed my bonds. Pfal. 84. 10, For a day in thy courts 
 is better then a thoufand : I had rather be a dore-keeper in the 
 houfe of my God? then to dwell in the tents of wickednefs. I fa. 
 58. 13, And call the fabbath a delight? the holy of the Lord, 
 honourable? and fialt. honour him? not doing thine own ways? 
 nor finding thine own pleafure, nor fpeakjng thine own words. 
 3. Wo to them that pretend to ferve him , and do nothing 
 but Eye-fervice in his work ? though he was real and cordial 
 in ferving our Intereft, for his Saul travelled in the bufinefs ; 
 but the fpirits of fuch act nothing in his Service, Eph. 6. 6? 
 Not with Eye-fervice , as men-pleafers? but as the fervants of 
 Chrifi? doing the will of God from the heart, lia. 29. 13, 
 Wherefore the Lord faid? Forafmuch as this people draw near 
 me with their mouth? and with their lips do honour me? but hath 
 removed their heart from me? and their fear toward me is taught 
 ' by the presepts of men, &c . - 
 
 O Cohfider with your felves, 1 . What pride there is in re- 
 fusing to ferve him, whole Sexvice is io honourable an employ- 
 ment, 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. 363 
 
 rcent, that it "is not below the Kings of the Earth to bring 
 their. Glory unto Chrifl , and to bow beiore him: Pfal. 2. 
 10, II, 1 2, Be wife now therefore, O ye k[vgs : be trtfi 
 ye judges of the earth, ferv* . the Lord with fear, and rejoice 
 with trembling. Kifs the Son , left he be angry, and ye peri ft} 
 from the , way, when his wrath ts kindled but a little, Pial. 54. 
 throughout. Who would not bow to him, who (hall 
 break them all that will not bow unto him? IJa, 6c. 12, For 
 the nation and kingdom that will not ferve thee, pall perifti *, 
 yea, thofe nations ftmll be utterly wafted, Pial. 2. 9, Thou (halt 
 breaks them with a rod of iron , thou ftialt daft) them in pieces 
 like a potters veffel. Pial- no. 5, The Lord at thy right hand, 
 ft) all fir ike through kings in the day of his wrath. 2. Confider 
 what huge and. monftrous ingratitude, and unkindneis it is, 
 not to ferve him who hath voluntarily humbled himfelf to 
 ierve us j who though he was our maker, Heb. 1.2, 3, yet 
 made himfelf of no reputation for otfr advancement, Phil. 2. 7. 
 Confider how he hath commended hi:- Service unto us , -juid 
 be afhamed not to be found among his fervants and follow- 
 ers. See more of this, Chap. 18. 
 
 Vfe 3. Exhortation. 1. Confider and know what he hath 
 .done in this Covenant-relation,after he hathferved this Service, 
 and done all that; was incumbent to him in this relation : he may 
 put the queftion to us, which fome times he put to his Difciples, 
 Joh. 13. 12, Know ye what I have done to yon f 'tis a pity that 
 his Service is fo little known and taken notice of among his 
 own people,for whom he hath done this Service : 'tis a pity that 
 it Ihould be met with doubtings, whether he hath done Service 
 for us *, or denials of our interefl: in it : which occafion diminu- 
 tive thoughts and expreffions of it. 
 
 2. Confider how ill Chrift was ufed in this relation, that 
 you may be broken for it : he was fmitten by both the parties,/? 
 pleafed the Lord to bruife him, Ifa. 53. 10. Rom. 8. 32, He 
 fpared not his own Son. Zech. 1 3 . 7, Awake, O /word, againfi 
 my jhepherd-) and againfi the man that is my fellow-, faith the 
 Lord of hofts. And his own people fmote him, and ufed him 
 very ill, Mat.li. 58, But when the husbandmen faw the Son, 
 they [aid among themfelves, This is the heir, come, let us kjk 
 him, and let us feme on his inheritance. Joh. 1. II, He cam? ■ 
 unto his ow&j and his own received him not. Ifa.53. 3, He is 
 
 Aaa 2 ; defpifed 
 
2 g a thrift a Servant in the buftncfs Chap.XIX. 
 
 defpifed and rejetled of men ; a man of forrows, and acquainted 
 with grief , and we hid as it were oar faces from him : he was 
 dtfpifed, and we efteemed him not. Yet his love did bear him 
 through all this cold encouragement. 
 
 I. Confider how you entertain his Service, 2 Cor. 6a , We 
 then, as workers together with him, befeech yon alfo , that ye 
 eceive not the grace of God in vain. Do not flight it , do 
 not refufe it npon whatlbever pretext *, but if he will do 
 you Service, and condefcend to do you good, fuffer him to 
 do it: 'tis no prelumption to let him take his will of you ; 
 he took it ill to be other wile dealt with, Job. 13.6,8, And 
 Peter faith unto him, Lord, dofl thou wajh my feet! 1 Peter 
 faith unto him, Thou fhalt never wajh my feet. Jefus anfwered 
 him, If I wajh thee not, thou haft no part with me. And no 
 wonder he take it very ill, to have his Service flighted and 
 refilled *, for his Service ft the heighth of his love, which he 
 annot endure to have flighted : his Service offered, is flighted 
 jy all thofe who will not give their confent to let him do 
 unto them all the good offices which are mentioned in the 
 Gofpel by all who do not f ubjeel: their confent unto it, 
 J oh. 5. 40, And ye will not come to me that ye might have life. 
 Mat. 22. 5, But they made light of it, and went their ways, 
 one to his farm, another lo his merchandife. 4. Confider 
 what advantages we have by his Service: 1. His condefcen- 
 fion was the caufe of our exaltation : if he had not ferved, wc 
 had not reigned : if he had not come down to the footftool, we 
 fhould never have come up to the Throne, ,£/<?&. 5. 8,9, Though 
 he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he 
 fujfered: and being made per feci, he became the Author of e- 
 ternal falvation unto all them that obey him. Rom. 8, 17, And 
 if children , then heirs, heirs of God, and joint heirs with 
 thrift : if fo be that we fuffer with him, thai we may be alfo 
 gloried together. 2. It was the hardfhip of his Service which 
 makes ours 16 eafie •, he left us little to do : when he was 
 made under the law, he did bear away the bondage of our 
 Service and Duties, Rom. 7. 4, Wherefore my brethren, ye alfo 
 are becQme dead to the law by the body ofChrift, that ye fhould 
 be married to another, even to him who is raifed from the 
 dead, that we fhould bring forth fruit unto God: He did 
 bear the hard and infupportable yoke,andleft us nothing to do, 
 
 but 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. %6$ 
 
 but to ferve for love •, he brake the force and power of the 
 adverlary, and left us only a broken party and routed forces 
 to deal with, 1 Cor. 15. 55, O death, where is thy fling? O 
 grave j where is thy vittory ? Yea, he hath not left us alone to 
 deal with th^k. 3. By his Service we have our liberty } 
 and can be no more Servants, but Friends and Children of 
 the houfe. See Gal. 4. 4, 5, 6, 7, But when the fulnefs of time 
 was come, God [em forth his Son, made of a woman, made un- 
 der the law , to redeem them that were under the law, that 
 we might receive the adoption of Sons. And becaufe ye are 
 Sons , God hath fent forth the Sprit of his Son into your 
 hearts, crying Abba, father-, wherefore thou art no more a fer- 
 vant but a Son : and if a Son, then an heir of God through 
 Chrift. Joh. 8. 36, If the Son therefore jhall make you free, 
 ye Jhall be free indeed. Joh. 15. 15, Henceforth J call you nor 
 fervant s, for the fervant knoweth not what his Lord dot h-, but J have 
 called y oh friends : for all things that 1 have heard of my fa- 
 ther, 1 have made known unto you. Rom. 8. 2, For the law of 
 the fpirit of life in Chrift Jefns hath made me free from the 
 law of fin and death. Gal. 4. $ 1, So then, brethren, we are not 
 children of the bond-woman, but of the free. We were flaves, 
 and condemned under perpetual bondage , married unto an 
 angry tyrant (To was the law become to tranfgreffbrs) *, 
 but by his becoming a Servant under the law, by his putting 
 on our condition, we became fharers of his liberty and Son- 
 (hip- 4. By his Service we have wages and a reward for 
 our Service,, even for our poor worthlefs endeavours after 
 duty, about which there are fo many queftioniugs in the 
 hearts of believers, whether they fhall be accepted , and but 
 few thoughts of a recompence. I fay, our Service could ne- 
 ver have been rewarded but for his Service : this brought 
 with it not acceptation only, but a reward to Ours, upon 
 his account, being done in his name, Luk^. 17. 10, So like- 
 wife ye, when ye jhall have done all thefe things which are 
 commanded you, fay, We are unprofitable fervant s ; we have 
 done that which was but our duty to do. Heb. 1 1 . 6, And that > 
 he if a rewarder of them that diligently feek^ him. Ifa. 45. 19, 
 J fold not unto the feed of Jacob, Seek^ye me in vain. Ifa, 56. 
 &■> 7> <dlfo the fons ef the ftr anger that join themfetves to the 
 Lord,' to ferve him, arid to love the name of the Lord, to be 
 
 his-.. 
 
2 g£ Chrtjl a Servant in the bufinefs Chap, XIX. 
 
 his fervants, every one that keepeth the [Math from polluting. 
 if, and tdketh hold of my covenant, even t'hem will 1 bring 1 9 
 my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my honfe of grayer : 
 their burnt offerings, and their facrifces frail be accepted upon 
 mine altar : for mine ho ufe frail be called an honfe of prayer for 
 all people. .5. By his Service we have that honourable mar- 
 riage with him which was the price of the travel of his 
 Soul , even to have our Souls engaged to him for the Ser- 
 vice of love which he ferved, that he might have his people 
 for his reward, as Jacob ferved for the Wives that were given 
 him in Laban his houfe, Gen. 29. 2c, 28, 29. If a. 5$. 11, 
 He frail fee of the travel of his foul, and frail be fatis- 
 fed. 
 
 5. Confider what this relation calleth for at our hands : 
 That Chrift was a Servant in the bufmeis of the Covenant, this 
 calleth us, 1. To yield our felves to be his Servants upoa 
 the terms of that Covenant wherein he ferved, even to fub- 
 jecl: our confent to ferve him in like relations, 2 Cor. 9.1 3, Whiles 
 by the experiment of this mimftration , they glorified God for 
 your profeffed fubjetlion unto the Gofpel of Chrift. 2Chron. $0. 
 8, Now be ye not ftiff-necked, as your fathers were ; but yield 
 your felves unto the Lord, lia.50.6. 2. His Service calleth 
 us to ferve all his interefts and relations, his people, efpeci- 
 ally the people who are nearly related to him, Mat. 12.49, 
 50, And he fir etched forth his hand toward his difciples, and 
 [aid, Behold, my mother, and. my brethren : for whofoever frail 
 do the will of my father which is in heaven , the fame is my 
 brother, and ft ft er, and mother. So he himfelf argueth, Job, 
 * I' *4? J 5> If I then your Lord and mafter have wafred your 
 feet, ye alfo ought to wafr o?ie another s feet. For I have given 
 you an example, that ye fro uld do as I have done to you. 3. To 
 ferve him in that Covenant-relation, in fuch manner as he 
 ftrved us, or rather our interefts *, and that was, 1. Willing- 
 ly and chear fully : For fb did he undertake and undergo 
 that Service, Heb. 10. 7> Then faid I, Lo, I come ( in the 
 volume of the booh^ it is written of me ) to do thy will, O God. 
 Luk. a2. 1 5, And he faid unto them, With defire have I de fired 
 to eat this paffover with y on before 1 fuffer. Let our Service 
 to him be fuch, Pfal. 2. 11, Serve the Lord with fear , and 
 rejtice with trembling. Deut. 28.47,48, Becaufe thou fervedft 
 
 not 
 
Chap. XIX. of the Covenant. s6y 
 
 not the Lord thjf God with -joyfulnefs, and with gladnefs of 
 hearty for the abundance of all things ', therefore jhalt then 
 ferve thine enemies which the Lord Jhall fend againft thee, in 
 hunger, and in thirfi, and in nakednefs, and in the Wane of 
 all things. 2. He ierved cordially , his Soul travelled in 
 the bulinefs, Joh. 12. 27, Now is my font troubled, and 
 what foall I fay ? father, Jave me from this hour : but for this 
 caufe I came unto this hour. Mat. 26. 38, Then faith he unto 
 them, My foul is exceeding forrowful, even unto death : tarry 
 ye here, and watch with me. Let your Service to him be 
 iuch, that your hearts may be yoaked, and your Spirits may 
 a& ibme thing in ferving him, Deut. 10. 12, And now, Jfrael, 
 what doth the Lord thy God require of thee, but to fear the 
 Lord thy God, to walk^ in all his ways, and to love him, and < 
 to ferve the Lord thy God, with all thy heart, and with all thy 
 foul ? Rom. 1. o, For God is my witnefs, whom I ferve with my 
 fpirit in the^ Gofpel of his Son. Phil. 3.3, For we are the cir- 
 cumcifion, which worjhip God in the fpirit, and rejoice in Chrifl 
 Jefm, 3 . He ierved with much iubmidion of his will to his 
 fathers in all things, ffeb. 5. 8, ttough he were a Son, yet 
 learned he obedience by the things which he fuffered. Mat. 26. 
 3 9, 42, And he went a little further , and fell on his face, and 
 frayed, faying, O my father, if it be pojfible let this cup pafs 
 from me : nevertheless, not as I will-, but as thou wilt. He went 
 out again the fecondtime, and prayed, faying, O my father, if 
 this cup may not pafs away from yne, except I drinks it, thy will 
 be done. Joh. 4. 34, Jefus faith unto them, My meat is to do 
 the will of him that fent me, and to finijh his workc Let Us 
 do Service to him with like iubmhTion of Spirit, 2 Sam. 15. 
 26, But if he thus fay^ I have no delight in thee : behold, here 
 am J, let him do to me as feemeth good unto him. Ac"l. 20. 22 ? 
 24, And now beholfi, I go bound in the fpirit unte. Jerufalem y 
 not knowing the things that jhall befall me there : but none of 
 thefe things move me : neither count I my life dear unto my • \ 
 felf, fo that I might finijh my courfe with joy, and the mini fry 
 which 1 have received of the Lord Jefus, to tefiifie the Gofpel 
 of the grace of God. 4. He ierved faithfully * for in all quefti- 
 ons and debates that occured while he was here in the form 
 ©f a Servant, he -was always for his father, true to his inter- 
 eft, Heb. 3. 2 y Who was faithful to him that appointed' him. 
 
 Joh, 
 
368 drift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 Job, 8. 2 8, 38, Then faid Jeftu unto them, When ye have lift 
 up the Son of ma/i, then flhtll ye know that I am he, and that 
 1 do notling of my felf, but as my father hath taught me, I 
 fpeak^thefe things, I fpeal^ that which I have feen with my fa- 
 ther : and. ye do that which ye have feen with your father. Let 
 us be fure to fine him fo, in all queftions and fides in thefe 
 days, to be ever for him, and his inter efts, and upon his 
 fide, 1 Kings 22. 14, And Micajah faid, As the Lord liveth, 
 what the Lord faith unto me, that will J fpeak^ Heb. 1.2, As 
 alfo Mofes was faithful in all his houfe. Act. 13. 56, For Da- 
 vid after he had ferved his own generation, by the will of God 
 fell a flee f, and was laid unto his fa: hers, and faw corruption. 
 5. He performed his Service prudently, Ifa. 52. ij, Behold^ 
 my fervant fhall deal prudently, he fliall be exalted, and ex* 
 tolled, and be very high. He did all things for promoting 
 the bufmefs that was committed unto him, wich admirable 
 vviidom and difcretion : ib is there alfo a wiidom with fi- 
 delity to be ftudied in ferving his interefts, that we do not 
 mar the end of our Service, Mat. 24/45, Who then is a 
 faithful <tnd wife fervant, whom his Lord hath made ruler over 
 his houflwld-, to give them meat in due feafon ? Mat. 10.16, 
 Behold, I fend ycu forth as fieep in the midfi of wolves : be ye 
 therefore wife as ferpents, and harmlefs as doves, Mark. 9. 
 I aft. Have fait in your f elves, and have peace one with ano- 
 ther. 
 
 CHAP. XX. 
 Cbriji the Surety of the* Covenant. 
 
 Bi?i pi lecnm. 
 
 THE fixth relation which Chrift fuftainethin the Covenant 
 of Grace, is, He is Surety of the Covenant : ib he is ex- 
 prefly called, Heb. 7. 22, Jefm was made furety of a better 
 teftamenty or rather Covenant , as Bezji reads it : becaufe a 
 Surety is not ufed in Teftaments, neither is Chrift properly 
 to be confidered as Surety in his Teftament •, but as Teftator. 
 
 For 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. $69 
 
 For the opening of this relation, I fliall, 1. Enquire a lit- 
 tle into the name and thing , that the nature of this rela- 
 tion may be the better known *, efpecially what it imports 
 as it is applied to Chnft. 2. I fhall lay down fome affer- 
 tions for the better underftanding of Chrifts Suretifhip in the 
 Covenant. ;. How Chrift came under this relation, to be an 
 undertaker for (bme of the fons of men. 4. For whom did 
 he become Surety and undertaker. 5. For what is he en- 
 gaged by this relation. 6. What doth commend his Sure- 
 tifhip , that the excellency of it may appear. 7. Wherein 
 his Suretifhip doth differ from undertakings of that nature 
 among men. 8, What are the advantages that the Lords 
 people have by Chrifts Suretifhip. And in the laft place I 
 fhall fhew you what ufe is to be made of this relation , or 
 of Chrift confidered as Surety of the Covenant. 
 
 The Hebrew word 3")y Ghnarab, to which the Grcekj r i<k Mtret*. ^ 
 word «>fv«*, doth anfwer, is of very large fignification, as * n * Buxtor. in 
 any word in that language: I will touch but a few of many, voce ' 
 becaufe they are appofite to exprefs the nature of Suretifhip ; 
 The firft and native fignification of the word, is to mx, 
 and to mingle, fee PfaL 106. 1%, But were mingled among 
 the heathen, and learned their works . And to meddle, or to 
 have dealing and commerce, fee Pra/,2o,iy, Therefore med- 
 dle not with him that flatter eth with his lips. Prov.24. 21, And 
 meddle not with them that are given to change. And indeed 
 Chrifts Suretifhip, was a mixing and mingling with his peo- 
 ple ; it was fuch a mingling with us, as the like was never 
 heard of, a mingling of natures ( if I may ufe the word ), 
 by a wonderful perfonal union, two natures meeting in one 
 perfon, and yet remaining diftincV, and a myftical union 
 whereby he is in us, and we are in him : a mingling of inter- 
 efts ', his interefts are ours, and our inter efts are his*, whereby 
 in fome refpeft he cometh in our place, and w T e come in his 
 place: See Joh. 17. 21, 22,2$, That they all may be one, as 
 thon father art in me, and 1 in thee, that thty alfo may be 
 one in hs : that they may be one, even as we are one : 1 in them, 
 and rhpu in me, that they may be made perfett in one, 2 Cor. 
 5. 17,21, Therefore if any man be in Chrifl, he is a new ^ 
 
 creature. For he hath made him to be fin for hs, who \ytew 
 
 m fin, that we might Be made th* right eenfinefs of Cod in "him, 
 
 Bbb Ua, 
 
2j Q thrift the Sttrcty Ghap. XX. 
 
 I&j<j -3, F or. he, was cut off out of the land of the living ; fey 
 the tranfgrejfwn of my people was he ftrkken. Rom. 8.1, There 
 is therefore row no condemnation to them that arc in Chrijf 
 Jefus. And his medling and dealing in our matters, is iuch 
 as hath laid the whole weight' of them upon him, J fa. 9. 6, 
 For unto us a child is bjrn, nnto hs a Son is given, and the go- 
 vernment flail he upon his fh odder i And hath drawn on an 
 cverlafting commerce, communion and exchange of commodi- 
 ties betwixt him and' his "people, 2 Cor. 6. i6 r 18, For ye are 
 the temple of the living God, as God hath faid> I will dwell in 
 them ) and wdkjn them-, and 1 will be their God, and they fall 
 be my people \ And will be a father unto you, and ye Jhall be 
 my Jons and daughters, faith the Lord Almighty. Again, 
 2. This word fignifleth to engage. See Jer. 30.21, For who 
 is this that engageth his heart ? Arr. Mont, reads it, Dilata- 
 vit , alii obligavit , accommodavit , Hierom, qui applicet cor. 
 And in this ienie, Chrifts Surerifhip is the enlargement of 
 his heart to a voluntary engagement for his people, unto which 
 there was no neceflity lying upon him. Tis the offering of 
 himfelf willingly to undertake for them, Heb. 10. p, The?? 
 faid he, Lo, 1 come to do thy will ( O God'), Joh. 10. 1 1, 18, 
 
 The good jhepherd giveth his life for the Jheep. No man take 
 
 eth it from me, but J lay it down of my felf: I have power 
 to lay it down, and I have power to take it again, Joh. 18.8. 
 \ . This word fignifleth alio to be Surety, to undertake, be- 
 caufe he that becomes Surety for another, doth fo mix with 
 him, that in ibme reipeft he is fubftitute in^his place and 
 room *, ib 'tis frequently ufed, Gen. 43-9, /"will be furety for 
 hi*n\ e ftny hand fhalt thm require him: if I bring him not 
 nnto thee, and fet him before thee, then let me bear the blame 
 for ever. Gen. 44. \2, For thy fervant became furety for the 
 lad unto my father, faying ,&c. Prov.6.u and 11. 15. and 22. 
 26. lfa. 38. 14. Pial 119- i 22 ? which is well rendered by the 
 (earned Expofitors, fponde, fide jube pro fervo tuo, be furety for, 
 thy fervant. In this fenfe alfo Chrift is the Surety ^ who 
 did undertake for his people, that what fhould be required of 
 them, he fhould anfwer for it ; and what fhould be wanting of 
 their account, the burden and blame of it fhould lie on him j as 
 Judah ipoke in the place cited; See Joh. 17. throughout, 
 4, This word fignifies to give fledges, which is a kind of 
 *^ H Surerifhip 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. §7S 
 
 Sureti r hip, I fa. 36.8, Now therefore give pledges, 1 fray thee, 
 to my mafter the king of Affyria, and 1 will give thee two thou- 
 fand horfes, if then he able on thy fart to fet riders npm ihem^ 
 2 Kings 18. 2 $. Da vadem, fponfionem fac H^nce cometh 
 that word Arrhabo, which is originally an Hebrew word, 
 and came from Phenica into Greece ( as is obferved by Gro-Gmius in 2. 
 tins), that which we call the earneft and arles of any bar- ad. cor. c. 1. 
 gain, 2 Cor. 1.22, Who hath alfo feakd us , and given the y * 22t 
 earneft of the fpirit in our hearts. In this fenfe alio, Chrift 
 is made Surety of the Covenant:, he who gave himfelf pledg 
 and hoftage for his people*, he who not only did undertake 
 and give bond, but alfo put 1 his perfon in prifon, until 
 the Debt of his people fhould be paid, and until all things 
 promiied in their name were made good, he being the 
 pledg which lay for the whole price, If a. 53.8, He was 
 taken from prifon, and front judgment ; and who frail declare 
 his generation ? for he was cut off out of the land of the 
 living : for the tranfgreffion of my people was he ftricken. Rom. 
 8. 52, He that [pared not his own Son , but delivered him up 
 for hs all. 5. This word fignifieth to ftrike hands: forib 
 were Covenants made , and Sureties engaged, Prov.22. 26, 
 Be not thou among them that ftrike hands, to wit, fide jubendo, 
 as Mont, iiipplieth, and the LXX renders it, by the 
 fame Greeks word that's ufed, Heb, 7.22, give not thy felf 
 \h tvyvliv, as a Surety : and in this fenle alio was Chrift made 
 a Surety of the Covenant, he did ftrike hands with God y 
 he did Covenant with us, and for us, by ftriking hands with 
 God, P/^/,.40.7, Then faid I, Lo, 1 come. Ifa.59.21, As 
 for me , this is my covenant with them, faith the Lord, My' 
 fpirit which is upon thee, and my words which I have put in 
 thy mouth , frail not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the 
 mouth of thy feed, nor out of the mouth of thy feeds feed, 
 faith the Ltrd, from henceforth and for ever. 
 
 The Greeks word ufed for a Surety, Heb. 7.22, lyyv&. 
 fponfer, fide jutfor, . I do not read elfewhefe in the new Tcfta- 
 ment ( though the LXX life it fometimes) for afleuf the , 
 Hebrew word ' that figiffiH&i Suretv, ll^U^W 
 and 2c.'Tq. Whethe- 
 piriqud ': or from iyyvit 
 
 which ctfraes from try v we. 
 
 Bbb 2 porf 
 
%jir Ckriji the Surety Chap. XX* 
 
 port the nearrefs of the Surety , and the Debtor, and to 
 ckiftus' nobis anlwer well the Hebrew word,, which importeth mixing toge- 
 cenjwulift' tner ^ i t importeth that Chrifts Surerifhip made him near to us, 
 mm: prop"- anc j ^id m [ x fc,im anc ] us w x conjunction of blood; for bv 
 
 anus ndirntns* . . .. . . , . ... . , / . > , /• 
 
 By natural, xt ne phghted his faith, and truth, to take on our nature, and 
 myftical, and our condition in law, and lb became our ^N)V"- Goal our 
 voluntary re- kinfman, J^. 19.25, our neareft of kindred, who had the 
 
 la r t,( ? ns V? ji 1, rislit to redeem us, Lev. 2c„2*. Ruth. 1*9.. 
 of the Media- S™ r A j r r 3 j- 1 •■ • m> 
 
 tor n, 13 $&c. The Latin word Jponjor according to the opinion of Di- 
 vines, Jurifts and Humanifts y fignifieth one who engageth for 
 another. Span for proprte eft, qui fro alio fatisfattionem fpon- 
 det, vel de ea covet. Par cm Commen. in Heb. 8. 6. Again, 
 fponfor eft qui fponte pro alio promittit \ ff on fores Junt quic uni- 
 que fpondent maxime pro aliis, five rogati five non rogati, five, 
 folemui ftiyulatione , five nuda receptione, intercedant r quib/a 
 fpondentibus, pecunti cuipiam creduntur r ant aliquid derriaw 
 promittitur. Calv.Lexic. Jurid. in voce iponfor. Cicer. ad at- 
 ric. Lib. iv And it come th from f fonder c quafi ffonte di- 
 cere y dare ac promittere *, therefore alio he is called ad^promif 
 for. Fide ]ujfor dicitur qui pro alio fidem [nam obligat, et fide- 
 fua y id eft periculo fuo ejfe Jubet, quod alius debet. Calv. Lex. 
 Jurid. in voce fide jttjjor. Again, fide )ujJor eft autor credendi 
 Minm aliquid daturum fatturumve, fuafide, fuoque perk do pro- 
 mittens. Ulpian. in tract, de fide ]u(fore.- And in this fenfe- 
 Chrift is Surety of the Covenant,, that is, he who willing- 
 ly engaged, and undertook for the parties, eipecially for 
 Us*, he that put in hi* faith and obligation for ours,.ancL 
 bad God trunY us on his Credit, and reckon #ur Debt 
 «pon his account^ and. wherein, we fail, let it be on his 
 peril. 
 
 But that we may a little more particularly- confider the 
 
 nature of this relation and Suretifhip of Chriit : 1. The end 
 
 and trie of Suretifhip among,, men, was no doubt the efta- 
 
 bliffrment of a firm fecurity, to be ground of faith and truft, 
 
 r . ..... as the Jnrifts tell us , dum cur ant homines ut diligentius fibi 
 
 *fT dt'fdt pi ' ca "t"»* fit* And it is not to be doubted, bit in the purpofe 
 
 fa of God, the Suretiftiip of Chrift was intended as a 
 
 ground ofttult, confidence and iecurity, betwixt himielfand 
 
 the people for whom Chrift did undertake, that firmers might 
 
 be iaduced to give him credit, and that he might have a re- 
 
 fponfai' 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 373 
 
 fponfal party to deal with*, man being a broken unbelieving 
 creature, who xould neither truft God, nor was to be truft- 
 cd by him. See Heb.6. 17, 18, Wherein God , willing more 
 abundantly to jhew Unto the heirs of promife, the immutability 
 #/ his cottnfel, confirmed it by an cnth, that by two immutable 
 things, in which it was impcfftble for God to lye > we might have 
 a ftrcng confutation y who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon 
 the hope fet before hs. Pfal.89. 19, Then then fpakeft in vifi- 
 m to thy holy one, . and. faidfi y I have laid help Hfon one that' 
 is mighty : I have exalted one chofen out of the people. And 
 io the Surety of the Covenant is that pcribn upon whole 
 account , truft and confidence is betwixt the parties CoVe- 
 Ranting, and in whom it ftandeth faft. 2. Ifweconfider 
 tht Suretifhip, 1. It imports an obligemcnt for another, 
 and is to be reckoned among Contracts" and Covenants *, and 
 therefore the Lawyers fay, fide ytffor non ft nift per ftipHlaii-**?™^*-^ 
 •nem^ and they reckon it among contracts and ftipuiations.- ,Mr '** r "••''" 
 Trov. 22. 26, Be not thou one of them that ftriks hands, or of 
 them that are fnreties for debts* And indeed Chrifls Sureti- 
 fhip is relative to a Covenant betwixt him and the Greditor ; 
 whereby he came under this relation, whereof we have 
 fpoken elfewhere on this fubjeft, Chap. And ftiatl hint fome- 
 thing further ere we pafs it over. 2. It imports a volunta- 
 ry obligation,, as I have fhewed in expounding the word : 
 The law cannot force and compel any man to be Surety for 
 another, though it may conftrain him for his own Debt. 
 Chrifts Suretifhip was a moft free voluntary aft on his part : 
 for he was not under any obligation of law* nor under^any 
 necefiity of nature, to- put his name in our bond, or to 
 fatisfiefor our Debt* Joh. 10. 18, No man takethit (my life) 
 from me, but I lay it down of my felf : J have' power to lay^ 
 it down y and I htfve power to take it again : this commandment 
 have I received of my father. Heb. 10.5^7, Wherefore when he 
 cometh into the world, he faith, Sacrifice and offering thou 
 wonldfi not, but a body haft thou prepared me: then faid /, 
 Lo, J come ( in the volume of the beok^it is writun of me*) to 
 do thy will, O God. Phil, 2. 7, But madehimfelf of no reputa- 
 lion, and toeh^npen him the form of a fervant, and was made 
 in the lihenefs of men, 3. It imports not only a 'voluntary 
 tMigatkm for another perfoi), but alfo imion ©f parties, and 
 
 aflumptkm 
 
 
: .j.74 Chrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 afTurnption of the condition of that perfon in the laws fenfe,' 
 lb that the Surety and the Debtor are but one party in the 
 law *, therefore lay the Jurifts, fide jujfor proprie dicitur debi- 
 tor. Chrift by his Suretifhip, he did not only take our na- v 
 ture upon him, but he took our condition upon him: it's 
 liud of him, that, he was made under the law, Gal- 4-4- He 
 put his name in our bond, that the law might reach him for 
 our Debt. 4. It imports a communion betwixt the Debtor 
 and the Cautioner , whereby as the Debt of the principal 
 Debtor becometh the Debt of the Surety, and affecteth him ; 
 Jo alio the fatisfaction and payment of the Surety,' and his 
 difcharge and relief, becometh the fatisfaction, diichargeand 
 relief of the principal Debtor. ChriflS 1 Suretifhip imports, 
 not only an union of parties, and conjunction of interefts and 
 condition with his people j but alfo a communion with debt- 
 ful broken man, refulting from his bond of Suretifhip, where- 
 by as upon the one part our Debt became his intirely, as 
 the Jurifts fay of all Sureties, Stnguli in folidum tenentur^ lb' 
 upon the other part his fatisfaction and difcharge becomes 
 ours, 2 Cor. ylaft, For he hath made him to be fin for us, \iho 
 knew no fin , that wc might be made the right eon fnefs of God in 
 him. Gal. 3. 13, Chrift hath redeemed us from the cwrfe of ther 
 law, being made a curfe for us : for it is written, Cur fed u 
 every one that hangeth on a tree. 5. it imports a commuta- 
 tion, lurrogation, orfubftituting of one in the room of ano- 
 ther y and fo Chrift was fubftitute in our ftead and room, 
 as JUdah was in Benjamines, 1 Pet. 2. 21, Becaufe Chrift alfo 
 fuffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye jhould follow hk 
 fteps. Rom. 4. 1'aft, Who was delivered for our offences, and was 
 raifed again for onr ]uftification, Rom. 5.8, But God commend- 
 ed his love toward us, in that, while we were yet finners, Chrift 
 died for us. Gen. 44. i\, Now therefore 1 pray thee, Let thy 
 fervant abide in ftead of the lad, a bond-man to my Lord, and 
 let the lad go up with his brethren. 6. It imports a conjunct: ob- 
 ligation, both of the Surety and of the Debtor to the Credi- 
 
 ■JuftinUn hbi tor • Nam fide] ujfirum obligatio eft acceffw principalis obligations. 
 
 (upra. So Chrifts Suretifhip is not a binding of himlelf, and loofing 
 
 of his people from all obligation * ? but ftill the Debt lieth on 
 the (inner, till Chrift make actual fatisfaction for it, and till he 
 appty the fatisfaction, and report a relief to the poor crea- 
 ture 
 
Ghap. XX. of the Covenant. 375 
 
 • turn And in other parts of the obligement, Chrift and 
 the believer ftand both under a conjunct obligation for the 
 believers duty, that the broken man who was bought from 
 the hands of Juflice, (hall ferve for love all his days, Rom. 1 . 
 y, F)o we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: 
 .yea, we cftablijl) the law. Luk. 1*74, 'That he would gram un- 
 to us, that we being delivered out of the hands cf cur enemies, 
 night ftrve him without fear. 7. Suretifliip in the nature of 
 it imports either irrefponfalneis in the Debtor, or diftruft- 
 fulnefs betwixt the Creditor and Debtor : or it imports both. 
 Sure however it be in other cafes, there is in this cafe where 
 Chrifts Suretifhip intervenes , both an irreijponialnefs on the 
 one part, broken man not being folvendo, able to pay his 
 Debt i and themis a diftruftfulnefs betwixt the parties : God 
 defervedly d i ft ru fling impotent perfidious man, a bankrupt 
 creature, who had debofhed his flock, and broken his Co- 
 venant. And man .cauflefly diftrufting God , till Chrifts 
 Suretifhip intervened, to take away both thefe evils, which 
 kept the parties at diftance, Heb. 8.7, For if that firfi 
 covenant had been fault left, then flwuld no place have been 
 fought for the fecond. Pfal.89, 19, / have laid help upon one 
 that is mighty: I have exalted one chofen out of the people, 
 2 Cor. 1. 2G, For all the promifes of God in him are, yea',and 
 in him, Amen, unto the glory of God by hs.. 
 
 I. It is to be remembred, that Suretifhip among men is 
 of divert .kinds, all which can be but an imperfect refemblance 
 of Chrifts Suretifliip. 1. Suretifliip is diftinguifhed accord- 
 ing to the time of the Sureties interven'ng, and it is either 
 before or after the obligation of the pi incipal Debtor. 
 Fide jujfor & pr<ccedere obligationcm & fcqui potefl. There j u f}j }l f an #;, 
 is fomething of both tfreie in Chrifts Suretifhip •, for his 
 Suretifhip being a deed of grace concluded in the counfel of 
 God, before the beginning of the world, in that refpeft ir 
 was before our obligation, yea, and before our being,, iTim. 
 1 * 9, Who hath faved us, and called us with an holy calling, 
 not according to our worki, but according to his own purpofe 
 aud grace, which was given us in Chrift Jefits, before, the world 
 began. Pro v. 8.23, I was fet up from ever lafting, from -the be- 
 ginning , or ever the earth was. But in another refpeel:, he 
 being Surety of. this new -and better Covenant, and fo man 
 
 being ; 
 
37^ Chrift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 being confidered in this Covenant as a broken irrefpoofal 
 creature, who could not fulfil his obligation to God , in this 
 refpeel Chrifts Suretifliip may be confidered as fubfequent to 
 mans obligation funderftand it in order of nature, not of 
 time): for his Suretifhip and the Covenant vrherein he was 
 made Surety, prefuppofeth the firft Covenant broken, and man 
 thereby became a bankrupt creature, Heb. 8. 9,11, Becanfe they 
 continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, faith the 
 Lord. For this is the covenant that J will make with the 
 hohfe of ifraely after thofe days, faith the Lord. 2. Sureti- 
 fhip is diftinguifhed according to its extent : and here is a 
 double ciftinclion of Suretifhip : 1. A Surety is either more 
 particular, when he doth not undertake for all that may 
 follow upon the obligation of the principal Debtor, but hath 
 hi- Suretifhip reftri&ed it may be to a particular bond, and 
 not to all the perfons Debt •, or to the principal fum, and 
 not to all the penalties and interefts thereof: or he is a more 
 <*/tv&£r\//^,univerial Surety, called by the Jurift?, Fide yuffor in omnem 
 canfam, qui in id omne, quod ex ea obligatione, cm acceditj 
 rtoflri poteft, fc obligat. And this kind of Suretifhip extends 
 as far as the obligation of the principal Debtor. Our Lord 
 Jefus was a Surety, both for a particular debt and obligati- 
 on, to fatisfie the violated Law and Covenant of works, 
 Rom. 10.45 For Chrift is the end of the law for right eoufnefs, 
 to every one that believeth. Such a particular Surety was Ju- 
 dah, Gen. 45.9. and 44. $2. Chrift was alfo iiich a Surety 
 as this laft fort, who took upon him the Debt, and all that 
 could follow upon the broken mans obligation *, who faid un- 
 to God, that he did become good for his people , for all the 
 Debt which they owed, and for all the penalties which they 
 had incurred *, let all that might follow them, by vertue of 
 their obligation, be upon him, Heb. 10. 5, xo. 2. In refpeft 
 of the extent, Suretifhip is either for one of the parties Co- 
 venanting, or for both', which is a rare cafe among men : yet 
 Chrifts Suretifhip was of this laft fort : for he was flich a 
 Surety, as was Umpire and Mediator, and is nearly related 
 to both the parties, and hath power with them both, and 
 therefore he is an undertaker for God to man, 2 Cor. 1.20, 
 For all the promifes of God in him are, yea , and in him 
 Amen y Ht9o the glory of God by us* And for man to 
 
 God, 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 377 
 
 God, Luk^ 22. $2, But I have frayed for thee, that thy faith 
 fait not. Whereof more particularly, when wc come to 
 ipeak of what he is engaged unto by this Covenant-rela- 
 tion. 
 
 Suretifhip isdiftinguifhed according to the manner ofaflurance 
 granted by the Surety, or according to the way of his making 
 faith for his undertaking. He that interpofeth and imder- 
 taketh for another, is properly a Surety, quocun^ac modo in* 
 tercejferity which way ibever he doth interpofe for another, 
 whether it be by ftipulation ; explicite, by promife or by 
 bond *, or if it be by a perfon , acting himfelf in the books 
 of any court for another perfon , or if it be by giving any 
 pledg, pawn, or hoftage for the thing undertaken : Our 
 Lord Jefus had ibmething of all thefe ways in his Suretifhip 
 for his people. He a&ed himielf in the court of Heaven, 
 and book of God, Heb> 10. 7, Then faid /, Loy / come (in 
 the volume of the book^ it is written of me ) to do thy willy O 
 Cod. He did exprefly give his promife and bond for his 
 people unto. all effects ( whereof afterward), Ezel^. 56.27, 
 31, And I will put my for it within yon, and caufe yon to 
 walk^ in my fiatntes y and ye Jhall k*ep my judgments, and do 
 
 them. Then jhall ye remember your own evil ways, and your 
 
 doings that wen not goody and JhaH loath your felves in your 
 own fight for your iniquities y and for your abominations % Which 
 is afcribed to Chrift, Heb.S. He did give himfelf, his own 
 bleffed perfon, to the prifon and to juftice, as a pledg and 
 hofhge to God, for the fulfilling of this Covenant ; a pre 
 cious and worthy pledg to lie Surety for the Debt of all 
 his broken people, Ifa. 53.8, 12, He was taken from prifon, 
 and from judgment : and who Jhall declare his generation f for 
 he was cut off out of the land of the living 9 for the tranfgrejfi* 
 on of my people was he ftriclten. Therefore will I divide him 
 a portion with the great , and he flail divide the fpoil with the 
 firong : becaufe he hath poured out his foul unto death. Gen. 
 44. 1 1 , Now therefore J pray thee 7 let thy fervant abide in 
 fiead of the lady a bond-man to my Lord 7 And let the lad go 
 up with his brethren. iChron. 21. 17, Let thine handy I pray 
 theey O Lord my Gody be on me, and on my fathers hoafe : but 
 not on thy people, that they Jhould be plagued. He verily ac> 
 ed that which Jnfah and David faid in thefe Scriptures - 
 
 Ccc Wc 
 
We hsve.an evidence ,©f thk ipirit- :n him, Job. 18, 8,JV/Jm 
 anfwered y J have told you Wat 1 am he : if therefore ye feek^ 
 me, let thefe go i -.. 4. Suretifhip is diftinguifhed ac- 
 
 cording to the Tub terj arid things undertaken. A 
 
 Surety is either, 1. A Surety for Debt, Prov.-22.26, Be 
 not thou one of them that ftrike hands, or of them that are 
 fureties for Debts. Or, 2. A Surety for perfons, to wit, 
 /or their fafety d^nd indempnity, Gen. 44. 32" for thy few ant 
 tecame furety for the Ud unto my father , faying. If 1 bring 
 him $o£ unto thee^ then J jhall bear the- blame unto my father 
 for ever. Or for their good behaviour,or for their appear- 
 ing. Or. 3. A Surety for performance, to wit, of con- 
 ditions and ftipulations, fuch are commonly hoflages in war, 
 I fa. 36. 8, Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my mafter 
 the king of Ajfyria. The fir ft is Suretifhip in the way ot 
 fatisfallion, and it is fponfio de pr&terito, or de prcfenti : The 
 latter two is Suretiihip byway of caution y and is fponfio de 
 futuro: Chrifts Suretifhip hath ibmethingofall thefer 1. He 
 He was Surety for your Debt, to iatisfie for that, for all 
 your Debts and Trefpafles, Ifa. 5.3. 6, And the Lord hath 
 laid on him the iniquity of us all. 2.. He became Surety for 
 your peribns, for your indempnity, that none of you fhould 
 be loft ; and not for the indempnity of your perfons only, but 
 for the appearing of your perfons , that he fhould prefent 
 you to God at the time appointed* Job. 17* 12, While I was 
 with them in the world, l.k$pt them in thy name : thofe that 
 r.hou gave ft me, I have kept, and none of them is loft, but the 
 Jon oj perdition: that the fcriptwres might be fulfilled. He 
 was bail for his people, • 3. He became Surety,for performance 
 of the ftipulation, and all the conditions of the Covenant upon 
 both fides, Job.6> 37, 39,40, All that the father giveth me, Jhall 
 come to me \ and hiw that come tb to me, I will in no wife caft 
 *ht .—.-- Atid . this is: the father s^M which hath fent me, that of 
 *U whiih be hath' given, me r I fhould lofe nothing, but fiould 
 raift it up ogam at the I aft K day. ■ And this is the will of him 
 that. fent. me, that every one which feeth the Son, and believeth 
 *n him, may have everlafting life : and I will raife him up at 
 4he ' -laftxfoy* J<&> A7'4r £, / ha*ve glorified thee on tjj^earth : 
 J kwoe finifhed tist [ work, which thou gave ft me to do. I 'have 
 m*n*f*ft*d thy #am hW %he men which thou gave ft me out of 
 
 the 
 
Chap. XX. \$wfktk?t*ve»&>rt. 379 
 
 the world i thine tbepwtrefand .tftoxfaveji tker m: \\ afi&they 
 have-- kept thy word, I 
 
 in the lecond-ipkrtf Lfhali lay down fomc Afflrfions- 
 brefly for clearing of this. Covenant -relation. 
 
 Affert,- i. Man as he is confidcrcd in the iecond Covenant, 
 hath as much need of a Surety as of a Saviour ;. hath equal 
 need of one to beget a commence 1 betwixt God and him, 
 as. of one to help, him, Htb.% 7, Vof tf that firft covenant 
 had been fanltlefsy then fhskld no place have been fonght for the 
 fecond. He' being not only • a broken creature, and irreipon- 
 ial \ who having banqueted out, with the ftock which his 
 Lord committed to him, did merit to be no more trufted 
 by him*, and who had alio with the lofs of his ftock Of 
 Grace, put himleif in a defperate Condition, having finned a- 
 way all power and pofTibility of paying his Debt, and iatis- 
 fying his Lord *, > who alio had :begottdn a mutual diffidence 
 and diftruft betwixt his Lord and him , that there could 
 henceforth be no more dealing with expectation of truft and 
 performance, until a Surety intervened to make up this * 
 breach by hisundertaking, Pfdl. So.-. iq, 2% ) 5, / have laid 
 help np on one that is mighty: I have exalted one. chojen ow 
 of the people.—*- My mercy '-will I keep for him .for evermore ', 
 
 and my covenant Jhatl fiand fafi with him. Neverthelefs, my 
 
 lovingAtindnefs will / not Htterly take from him : nor faffer my 
 faithfulnefs to fait, 
 
 Affert. 2, Chrifts Suretifhip was not only a voluntary a&, 
 it was alfo an aft of abfolute Soveraignty : He being an abfolute 
 Lord, this was his priviledg, that he had power over him- 
 felf and over his own life, to lay it down at his pleafure, 
 ( which others may not do ) *, take this AfTertion from his 
 own mouth, Jeh. 10. 18, / have power to lay down my life, 
 not only MvctfAi*, ability, but t&ffUr, — Authority and right. 
 This Chrift had by| conceflion and grant from God his father 
 who had given him power over all fteflj^ Joh. 17. 2. And this he 
 had in and from himfelf*, being iiod, he had power over 
 himielf as man, to difpofe of his manhood as pleafed hire*, 
 and thefetwo concurring Chrifts confent, and his power over 
 his own life, did make it- lawful and juft that he fhould be 
 punifhed, being innocent, 1 Pet, '5. 18, For Chrifialfo hath 
 once fuffered fit fins > the ytft for the wjjufi, that he might 
 bring hs to God. Ccc 2 Affert. 1. 
 
380 thrift the Surety Chap.XX. 
 
 Affert. 3. When man was in this broken condition, Chrift 
 tinrequefted, did undertake for the broken creature, to pay 
 his Debt, and to fatisfie the Creditor, Rom. 5.8, But God 
 commended hit love toward us, in that while we were yet finners-, 
 Cbrift died for us. And this he did not by any requeit of 
 ours, or any Covenant with us, to undertake for us,, where- 
 by we did iotlicitc him or compact with him to be Surety 
 for-us, ( for his Suretifhip gave the rife to the Covenant 
 made with us*, our Covenant with him gave not the rife to 
 his Suretifhip)-, but becaufe the Lord the Creditor, and Chrift 
 the Cautioner, had long before ftricken hands together, that 
 he fhould both undertake and diicharge the Debt of thefe 
 broken men : Therefore its faid, that God laid %ur iniqui- 
 ties Hpon him, Ifa. 5 3. 5, 6. And he was made a Surety, Heb. 
 7.22. 
 catxb.Kamv. Affert. 4. Chriflthe Surety of the new- Teftament died, net 
 c. 8. Sow. dt only noftro bono for our good and profit, as Socinians fay-, 
 fim*** 1 ' \ - 2 - but he died alfo in our ftead and room, noftra vice: For, 
 c *• an ' 1. Sure he died for us, as no other perfon can be laid to 
 die for us, 1 Cor. 1. 1 $, Is Chrifi divided? was Paul crucifi- 
 $d for yon? But for the good of the Church other-perions 
 may ftrTex and die, Co/, 1. 24, Who now rejoice in my fitffer- 
 ings for yon, and fiM up that which is behind of the ajfliclions 
 of Chrift in my fie ft), for his bodies fake, which is the Church. 
 2 Tim. 2. 10, Therefore I endure all things for the elecls fake, 
 that they may alfo obtain the falvation which is in Chrift. Jefus, 
 with eternal glory. 2. Sure, he died other wile for elect men*, 
 than for Angels, than for the whole Creation*, and yet he 
 died for their good , that he might be head of Angels, and 
 to reftore ail the creatures to their perfection, Col.i.io, 
 And ye are compleat in him, which is the head of all princi- 
 pality and power, Whereof alfo, fee icw>.8,2o,to 24. 3. The 
 ibrce of the particle *vrl> and of the phrafe, to die for ano- 
 ther, doth enforce no 1 els then in the room and ftead of an- 
 other, Mat. 20. 28, And to give his life a ranfom for many. 
 Gal. $. 1 1,' Chrift hath redeemed us from the curfe of the law, 
 being made a, curfe for us. Luk. 1 1 . 1 1 , Or if he aski 4 fifth 
 will' he for a fab. give kin a ferpent ? Mat. 2,22, But. when he 
 heard 'that' Atchekks did reign in jFudsa, in the room 4f his 
 father Herod, hi was afraid to gf thither t Mai. <. -8, An eye 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant* 381 
 
 <or an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. Where without quefti©n 
 wfh is, inftead: whereof fee at length the learned treatifes of 
 Crotms de fatisfacl : Cbrifti & vojfmm e]us defenforem, and 
 Mr. Ratherf his treatife of the Covenant, part 2. ch* 
 3. and Mr. Br in/ley his treatifes of the Mediator, pag, 
 
 sijfert. 5. Chrift the Surety , and broken man the Debtor, 
 are one in law* but not intrinlecally one, I fa. 1. they are le- 
 gally one, or in the laws ienfe one *, becaule by a legal i ubfti- 
 tution and furrogauon, Chrift having put his name in the 
 believers bond, by the law he is in Jiis place, and the be- 
 liever is put in Chrifts law-place : fo that by a legal aft the 
 Surety is the broken man *, therefore Chrift being made 
 Surety, faith, I am the broken man *, all my friends Debts be 
 upon me, my life for their life, my Soul for their Souls, 
 GW. 4.4, 5* But when the f nine fs of the time was come, Cod 
 fent forth his Son made of a woman, wade under the law, to 
 redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive 
 the adoption of fons. Joh. 18. 8, Jefas anfwered, I have told 
 yon I am he : if therefore ye feek^ me, let thefe go their way. 
 Gen. 44- 3 1, Now therefore, 1 pray thee, let thy fervant abide 
 inftead of the lad , a b#nd-man to my Lord, and let the lad 
 go up with, his brethren. And God commands the wakened- 
 up iword of Juftice, to fmite him for his brethren, fince he 
 will ftand in their room, and take their Debt upon him, 
 Zech. 1 3. 7, Awakg, O fwordy againft my ^upherd, and again ft 
 the man that is my fellow? faith the Lord of hofls : Smite the 
 Jhepherd. 2. 1 lay, The Surety and the Debtor are not m- 
 trmfecally, phyfically and formally one f though they be one 
 in law ; fo that there is not two Debts, nor two Bonds, 
 nor two Debtors in law ) h for though the Lord laidon Chrift 
 the punifhment of our iniquity, yet he did not lay on Chrift 
 iniquity it lelf fas Avtinmin us tells us ), for the broken 
 Debtor is a finful creature, and continueth fuch even after 
 the punifhment. due to him, is removed by a (atisfy in g Sure- 
 ty : I lay, he continueth fuch till by fanctificationthe evil of 
 fin be wholly removed, Rom. 7. throughout: but Chrift the 
 Surety was in this refpeft feparate from finmrs, Heb. 7.26, 
 And was not one with them. iPet. }. 18,^^ Chrift alfe 
 hathxonce fnffered for fixu the juft for the nn'ytft, that he might 
 I fomg 
 
^g 2 Ckrijl the Surety Chap. XX 
 
 any 
 
 \uth:f trca- ^ vc " io ^ bnenei's and lamehefs, or law-identity betwixt Chrift 
 ifcofthcCo- the Surety, arid us the Debtor's f mentioned by Mr. Ruther 
 (enz'\t.par.2.ford)- though phyfically the Surety and Debtor be two 
 >*£•*$*' different men: yet, i. They are One and the lame legal 
 party, and. the fame object of juftice: whofo in law purfues 
 the Surety, puriues the Debtor. 2. The' Debt and ium is 
 one: not two Debts/ not two punifhinents, not two lives 
 to lole, but one. ' 3. It's one arid the fitne fatisfa^ion : there 
 cannot in juftice and law, another reckoning and fatisfacYidn 
 come after the Surety hath paid. 4. There is one and the fame 
 acceptation, upon the Creditors part : if he accept of fatte- 
 taction from the Surety, he cannot purfue the .'Debtor, but 
 mud look upon him as no Debtor, for fatisfa&iou to juftice. 
 5. It is one and the fame legal effedl, Chrift rifen and juftu 
 fed in the fpint , I Tim. 3. 16. and we in him, as the meri- 
 rorious caule of our purification, are legally juftihed, -Rom. 4. 
 loft, Who was delivered for our offences, and was rat fed again 
 for our juftification. 
 
 Affert. 6. ( which followeth upon the former ) , neither the 
 Creditor nor the Law can exact latisfaction from both the 
 Surety and the Debtor*, but the Surety having paid all, 
 and fatisfied ; the broken Debtor can iky, I have paid all, 
 I am free : he may plead, My friend and Surety hath done 
 all for me \ and that is as good in foro> in the court of 
 Juftice, as if I had paid all in mine own perfon,* Gal. $. 13, 
 Chrift hath redeemed us from the curfe of the lam, being made 
 a curfe for us. Rom. 4. laft, Who was delivered for our offen- 
 ce s^ and was raifed again for oar juftification. 1 Pet. 2.24, Who 
 his own fe If hare our fins in his own body on the tree, that we 
 being dead to fins , fliould live unto right eoufnefs : bywhofe ftripes 
 ye were healed. The Debt that Chrift payed, is our very 
 Debt \ and the believer can fay, When Chrift my Surety was 
 judged and crucified for my fins, then was I judged : and what 
 would you have more of a man, than his life? fa. 53. 6, 7, 8, 
 jbfdthe Lerd hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was 
 opprejfedj he w*t afflicted^ yet he opened not his mouth : he was 
 taken from prifon-, and from judgment ' and who frail declare 
 
 his 
 
jChap. , XX. of the Covenant. 383 
 
 his generation ? for he was cut off out of the land of the living : 
 for the tranfgrejfion of my people was he ftrickcn. 
 
 Affert. 7. Chrifts Suretdfhip was a mixture of juftice and s . ee * ri *[: of 
 grace: for thereby there was a fatisfaftion made to jufficep^ Mediator 
 tor the violation of the law-, yet fo as God was pleaied to 
 
 1 difpenfe with his own law which was peremptory, Gen.i.ij. 
 For though it was juft that the law fhould have aj fatisfacti- 
 on, yet it was of Grace .that God was content to accept 
 that liitisfaftion which the law required, from the peribri of 
 another, than the fame foul that finned : God being no ways 
 bound to admit of fuch a fatisfaction by a Surety , which 
 the rigour of the law exacted from the perfon of the offender ; 
 and therefore there can be no ground for the Socinians 
 charge againft us, that while we affert the fatisfat~tion of 
 Chrift, we derogate and detract from the Grace of God •, 
 the Grace of God and the fatisfaftion of Chrift being no 
 ways repugnant, but rather Grace is advanced and exalted 
 by the fatistaction of Chrift, by the finding out of that way, 
 by his undertaking and his performing of that fatisfaclion, 
 and by Gods. accepting thereof, Rom.^^fi, For fcarcely' for a 
 righteous man will one die: yet per adventure for a good 
 man fome wquld even dare to die. But God commended his 
 love toward us> in that, while we were yet finners Chrift died 
 for us. 
 
 Affert . 8. Chnfts Suretifhip was not private ^ for the Debt 
 of one or ; fomcfew peribns, but of putyick concernment: for 
 his engagement was for the faiety of many, yea, it was for 
 the elect, world, whole Debt he payed, . whofe punifriment 
 he did bear, Mat. 20. 28, Arid,- to give his life a ran fome for 
 many. Ifa. 53.6, 8, And, the Lord, hath laid on him. the ini- 
 quity of us all. ----For he was cut off out of the land, of the 
 4&ffl&jj f QT the tranfgrejfion of my people -.was he ftricken. 
 
 2 Cor. 5. 19, To wit, that God was in Chrift, reconciling 
 the world unto him f elf r not imputing their trefpa>Jfes u unto 
 them. It Vvas a noble ad of Grace and favour on his part s it 
 vvas like a mans laying down his lite for the fufe ty of his kin- 
 dred, and of his Cowntrey ; he was. given as aahoftage, who did 
 engage his; life for the performance oi the conditions ..agreed , 
 upon, for laving the loft world. ' > 
 
 Affert. 9, Chrift m his undertaking and engagement as Surety 
 
 " #f . 
 

 -of the Covenant, had his fathers bond of relief and warran- 
 dize*, I faf t he had no relief nor warrandzie from the bro- 
 ken creatures \fhofe Debt he paid ; neither could khe reftitu- 
 tion of his loffes be expected from broken men : but he had 
 as it were a back-bond, or a bond of relief from God his 
 
 • father, that when he went into the prifon, his Sou! ftiould 
 not be left in the grave, but that he fhould come out with 
 honour : fee Pfal. ro\ 10, For thou wilt not leave my Soul ite 
 hell ; neither wilt thou fuffer thine holy one to fee corruption. 
 Ilk. 53. 10, II, 12, Yet tt pie a fed the Lord to bruife him, 
 he hath put him to grief: when thou fralt make his foul an of- 
 fering for fin, he Jhall fee his feed, he frail prolong his days, 
 and the pleafure of the Lord jhall profper in his hand. JHe 
 
 J Jhall fee of the travel of his foul, and frail be fatisfied : by his 
 knoxfledg frail my righteous fervant jnfiifie many : for he frail 
 bear their iniquities. Therefore will 1 divide him a portion with 
 the great, and he frail divide the fpoil with the firong: becaufe 
 he hath poured out his foul unto death. Pfal. 2. 7,8-, y, I will 
 declare the decree : the Lord hath faid unto me, Thou art my 
 Son y -this day have I begotten thee. Ask^ of me, and I frail 
 give thee the heathen for thine inherit ance, and the uttermoft 
 parts of the earth for thy peffeffion. Thou fr alt break, them with 
 a, rod of iron, thou fralt dafr them in pieces like a potters 
 wffel. 
 
 Affert. 10. AU Chrifts offices are founded upon his Sureti- 
 fhip : for by that Covenant of Suretifhip that is betwixt Je- 
 hovah and rne Son, he is King, Prieft, and Prophet : whatfo- 
 ever he did by office, and by compart and agreement with 
 Gody he did becaufe he had put his name in our bond, 
 having become Surety for his people. As a King he fuflers 
 for his fubjetts and faves them, becaufe he was engaged to do 
 fo *, as a Prieft he dies for them, becaufe by his Suretifhip 
 he was engaged to bear their punifhment j he performs alfo 
 a Prophets office towards them, becaufe he was engaged to 
 God to do fo,&c. Joh. 17.4)6, 1 have glorified thee on the 
 earth : 1 have fnifred the work^which thou gavefi me to do. J 
 have manifefied thy name unto the men which thou gavefi me out 
 of the world. Heb. 9. 28, So Chrift was once offered to bear the 
 fins of many. 1 Joh. 3. 5, And ye know that he was manifefied 
 to take away our fins, and in him is no fin. And if that had 
 
 not 
 
Chap. XX. ef the Covenant. 585 
 
 not been for his engagement as a Surety, we fhould never 
 
 had the fruit of any of his office?. 
 
 The third thing to be confidered, is, how Chrift came^ ee Mr * ^th* 
 
 under this Covenant-relation, to be Surety of the better Tefta-* r ^ t,feo f ^ c 
 t* 1 • 1 a /Li ■ r rr 1 Covenant, />. 
 
 ment. To this the Apoitle gives an antwer, Heb. 7. 22, 2i c< 7 
 
 yiyevi tyyvQ-y He was made the Surety of a better Teflament, 
 or Covenant. If Jefus was made the Surety, then, 1. H? 
 was not Surety by nature, nor by any natural neceffity : 
 Then, 2. He was not Surety by any neceffity, or conftramt 
 of Law : he was not fo made Surety j becaufe there was 
 no Law that could exact upon him* anteceding his bond oi 
 Suretifhip -, neither could there be any neceflity upon him, 
 there being no conjunction betwixt him and us ( antecedent- 
 ly to his act of Sureti(fiip ) , by any relations, whether na- 
 tural, legal, federal, or myftical, until this voluntary con- 
 junction and Covenant-relation of Suretifhip was brought a- 
 bout, upon which all his offices, and all other relations 
 'twixt Chrift and his people are founded. I take therefore 
 the making of him Surety, fpoken of by the Apoftle, to re- 
 late mainly to that eternal free tranfattion and Covenant of 
 Suretifhip that was betwixt God and Chrift, whereby he 
 came under a judicial and Law-act to fatisfie for the fins of 
 his people. 
 
 And this imports, 1. Something on Gods part, Heb.7.21, 
 He was made Surety by him, that [aid unto him. The Lord 
 Jware, and will not repent ,&c. God made him the Surety of 
 the better Teftament. I fay on Gods part , the making of 
 him Surety, imports three things]: I. His eternal decree, 
 whereby he was defigned, ordained, and chofen in the coun- 
 fel of God for this Suretifhip : he was made the Surety, that 
 is, defigned and ordained to this by an everlafting decree, 
 Heb. 5. 4, 5, 6, 10, And no man taketh this honour unto him- 
 felf, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So alfo Chrifi 
 glorified not himfelf to be made an High-prieft; but he that 
 [aid unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have 1 begotten thee 
 As he faith alfo in another place, Thou art a prieft for ever 
 after the order of Melchifedec^ — Called of God an High-prieft^ 
 after the order of Melchifedec. Pfal. 2. 7, 1 will declare the 
 decree-, the Lord hath f aid unto me, Thou art my Son, this day 
 have J begotten thee, lia.42. 1, Pehold, my fervant whom I 
 
 D d d uphM. 
 
386 Cbrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 uphold, mine elect in whom my foul delighteth. 2. His air 
 nointing, furnifhing, and fitting of Chrift for this bufineis : 
 he was made the Surety, i. e. He was anointed and qualified 
 for that work: fo the father faith of him, //#. 42. 1,4,6, 
 / have put my fpirit upon him 9 he flail bring forth judgment to 
 
 the Gentiles. He flail not fail, nor he difcouraged, till he have 
 
 fet judgment in the earth, and the JJles flail wait for his law. 
 
 / the Lord have called thee in righteoufnefs, and will hold 
 
 thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of 
 ■ the people, for a light of the Gentiles. And fo Jefus faith of 
 himfelf, Heb. 10. 5, A body haft thou prepared or fated 
 we : to the fame purpofe, alfo the Apoftle tells us, Gal 4. 4, 
 That he was not only made of a woman, but made under the 
 law, i. e. ordained and fitted for taking on our condition in 
 Law, or our Law-place and room, as well as our nature. 
 3. The inverting of him in this relation:, he was ma'e the 
 Surety, i. e. He was inverted , conftitute and fet in^ that 
 Covenant-relation unto which he was ordained, and for which 
 he was fitted *, therefore he was made with an oath, And the 
 Lord fw are unto him, Heb. 7. 21. and Joh.6.27. Him hath 
 the father fealed, i. e. inverted him, and conftituted him under 
 his commiflion and feal. 
 
 2. This imports fome things upon Chrifts part : He was 
 made Surety •, God made him Surety, his father made him, 
 and he made himfelf the Surety : he was willingly made 
 Surety by his own free confent and Covenant : the Scrip- 
 tures fpeak frequently of his confent, and of the making of 
 himfelf, whatfoever his father made him, Phil. 2. 7,8, He 
 made himfelf of no reputation. He. and he humbled himfelf. 
 Joh. 10. 18, No man taketh my life from me, but I lay it 
 down my felf. I fay, on Chrifts part this doth import, 
 1. His eternal condeicending to empty himfelf, and to 
 take on him our nature, and our room, and place, under the 
 Law , he was made Surety^ he condefcended, and agreed to 
 take upon him both our nature and our condition, Heb.2. 
 14, 16, Forafmuch then as the children are partakers of flefl 
 and blood, he alfo himfelf likewife took^ part of the fame, that 
 through death he might deflroy him that had the power of death. 
 
 that is the devil. lor verily he took^ not on him. the nature 
 
 of Angels -j but he took^on him the feed of Abraham. Phil. 2.6,7, 
 
 Who 
 
Chap. XX. ef the Covenant. gg^ 
 
 Who being in the form of God, though it not robbery to he 
 equal with God : hat made himfelf of no reputation, and took^ 
 upon him the form of a fervant, and was made in the Ukemfs of 
 -men. l. His engaging and plighting his faith and truth to 
 perform whatsoever he did condefcetid and agree unto by his 
 aft of Suretifhip , fo that whatfoever the law could exaft 
 of us, he plighted his faith to fulfil that : he was made Sure-? 
 ty, i.e. He did promife and ftrike hands to Iktisfie all that 
 the Law could demand of his people (for fb the word 
 Surety fignifieth, as 1 have already (hewed you, Trov.22.16.*) 
 to make Satisfaction for the fins done againft or under the 
 firft Covenant and Teftament, Heb. 9. 15, And for this caufe 
 he is the mediator of the new Teftament, that by means of 
 death, for the redemption of the tranfgreffions that were under 
 thefirfi Teftament j they which are called might receive the promife 
 of eternal inheritance. Rom. $.25, Whom God had fet forth to be 
 a propitiation, through faith in his blood, to declare his righte-* 
 wfnefs for the remiffion of frns that are paft, through the for- 
 bearance of God. Heb. 10. 5, 7, Wherefore when he cometh in- 
 to the world, he faith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldft not, 
 but a body haft thou prepared me : then faid J, Lo I come (in 
 the volume of the book^, it written of me) to do thy wiM, 
 O God. 3 . His performance of all thefe things unto which 
 he did agree, and for which he plighted his faith, by his aft 
 of Suretifhip : he was made the Surety, i. e. He payed the 
 debt, he Satisfied the Law, he flood in the place of the bro- 
 ken men, till Juftice faid, It is enough : and till he himfelf faid, 
 It is finijhed, Ifa. 53, throughout. 2 Cor. 5.21, For he hath 
 made him to be fin for us^ who knew no fin, that we might be 
 made the righteoufnefs of God in him. Gal. 3. 13, Chrift hath 
 redeemed us from the curfe of the law, being made a curfe for 
 hs. Thus did Jefus the Surety of the better Teftament, 
 1. By an eternal tranfaftion agree and condefcend to put his 
 name in the bond and writ of the Law that ftood over our 
 head, Deut.17.16. Gal. 3. 10. 2. Thus did he engage for 
 us, and aft himfelf to anfwer at the demands of Law and 
 Juftice, Heb. 10.7. GW.4.4. 3. Thus did Jefus in due time 
 difcharge and perform, and aftually was made a curfe for us, 
 Gal. 3. 13- 
 From this voluntary relation of Chrifts Suretifhip for his 
 
 Ddd 2 people, 
 
? 83 thrift the Surety Chap.XX. 
 
 people arifeth a fourfold relation, which is founded on this, 
 which relations betwixt Chrift and his people import a near- 
 nels of conjunction and union with them, and do contribute 
 to the clearing the juftice of God, in fmiting Chrift for our 
 lin, and in our place and room. i. From Chrifts Suretifhip 
 arifeth a natural relation betwixt him and us, that he is our 
 kinfman, and our brother, of the fame nature, of the fame 
 flefh and blood with us : this reiulteth from his Suretifhip, 
 whereby he condefcended and agreed to take our nature up- 
 on him : for otherwife he and we had never been of the fame 
 lump, Heb. 2. 1 1, 14, 16, For both he that fan&ifieth, and thty 
 who are fanttified, are all of one : for which catife he is not a- 
 flamed to call them brethren. Forafmuch then as the chil- 
 dren are partakers of flefh and blood, he alfo himfelf li^ewife 
 took^part of the fame. for verily he took^not on him the na- 
 ture of Angels y but he tqpk^ on him the feed of Abraham. 
 2. From his Suretifhip flows a Legal relation betwixt Chrift 
 and us, that he and we are one party in the Law : that his 
 fatisfatiion and payment is ours, and that our debt is his : 
 that what he did and fuffered, we did it Legally in him : 
 this proceeds from his Suretifhip, becaufewhenhe was made 
 Surety of the Covenant, he put himfelf in the bond and writ 
 of the Law, and put in our names in the Gofpel-writ, GaL 
 2. 20, / am crucified with Chrift. Neverthelefs, J live, 
 yet not J, but Chrift liveth in me. Rom. 6. 5, For if we have 
 been planted together in the likenefs of his death , we Jl all be alio 
 ' in the likenefs of his refurrettion. $. From Chrifts Suretifhip, 
 proceeds a fcederal relation betwixt him and his people, 
 whereby they are his, and he is theirs by Covenant ^ where- , 
 by he and his people have one God and Father by Covenant, 
 Ffal. 89. 26, He fhall cry unto me, thou art my father , my 
 Cod, and the rock^of my Salvation. Joh. 20. 17, But go t» my 
 brethren, and fay unto them, I afcend unto my father, and your 
 father: and to my God, and your God. Heb. 1 . 5, For unto 
 which of the Angels faid he at any time, Thou art my fon, thu 
 day have I begotten thee ? and again, 1 will be to him a father, 
 and he flail be to me a fon ? This alfo floweth from his Sureti- 
 fhip, for thereby he plighted his promife and faith to God, 
 that he would undertake the bringing about of this conjuncti- 
 on : and God plighted his faith to him, that he fhould do the 
 
 Lufinefs, 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 389 
 
 bufuieis, and that this work fhould profper in his hand, Joh. 
 17. 4, I have glorified thee on the earth : J have finifred the 
 work, which thou gave ft me to do. If a. 5 $. 10, And the pleafure 
 of the Lord fiall projper in his hand. 4. From his Suretilhip 
 proceeds a myftical relation betwixt him and his people, 
 whereby he is the head, and they are the members : he is 
 the vine, and they the branches : he is the king, and they 
 are his lubjecls : he is the husband, and they are his bride 
 and wife : 1 Cor. 12. \2, For as the body is one, and hath ma- 
 ny members, and all the members of that one body, being many, 
 are one body , fo alfo is Chrift. Col. 1. 18, And he is the head 
 of the body, the Church , who is the beginning, the firft-born 
 from the dead, that in all things he might have the pre-eminence. 
 Joh. 15. 5, / am the vine, ye are the branches : he that abi- 
 deth in me, and I in him, the fame bringeth forth much fruit. 
 Rev. iy. 7, for the marriage of the lamb is come, and his wife 
 hath made her J "elf ready. Plal.45.10, forget alfo thine own peo- 
 ple, and thy fathers houfe, ckc. Yea, it any relation can be 
 more near and myftical, that alfo is the refult of his Sureti- 
 (hip. See Gal. 2. 20, / am crucified with Chrift : never thelefs, 
 J live ; yet not I, but Chrift liveth' in me. iCor.6. 17, But 
 he that is joyned unto the Lord, is one fpirit. Joh. 6. 57, As 
 the living father hath fent me, and I live by the father : fo he 
 that eateth me, even he fiiall live by me. Joh. 17. 25, I in 
 them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one. 
 Think it not ftrange then that Juftice fhould ihiite Chrift 
 for the tranfgreflions of his people, there being iuch nearneis 
 of relations, and conjunction betwixt the perfbn offending 
 and the perfon luffering : for even among men we find one GroL ■ a - e r at i s . 
 man fuffering for another, upon the account of theie and the fjd. rap. 4. 
 like relations : 1. Upon natural relations : do not parents,and and valor 
 children, and kinfmen, often juftly iuffer with and for one ~* x '^' fj# 
 another? Bxod. 20. 5, For J the Lord thy God am a. jealous on t j ie cove- 
 God, vifiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, unto na nt. p*g. 2. 
 the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. Jofri. 7. c. f . 
 24, And Jojhua, and all sfrael with him, too^ Achan the fon 
 of Zerahy and the fiver, and the garment, and the wedg of 
 gold, and his fons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his 
 affes, and his (licep, and lus tent, and all that he had : and 
 they hr ought them unto the valley of Acker, &c. 2. Upon 
 
 Legal 
 
390 Chrijlthe Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 Legal relations : doth not the husband pay the wives debt ? 
 doth not the heir fuffer fcr his predeceffor , and the peribn 
 to whom he is heir ? doth not the hoftage and pledges 
 given, fuffer fcr them who gave them? doth not the 
 Surety fuffer for the Debtor, becaufe thefe are but one par- 
 ty in law? Prov. 6. i, 2, My Sen, if thou be Surety for thy 
 friend, if thou haft firkken thy hand with a ftranger, thou 
 art fnared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with 
 the words of thy month. Prov. II. 15, He that is Surety for a 
 ftranger, fi all f mart for it : and he that hateth Suretijhip, is fure. 
 5 . Upon foederal relations : do not people fuffer for and in their 
 confederates ? Ez,e J^. 16.37, Behold therefore, I will gather all thy 
 lovers, with whom thou haft taken pleafure, and all them that thou 
 haft loved, with all them that thou haft hated : / will even gather 
 them round about againft thee, and will difcover thy nakednefs unto 
 them, that they may fee all thy nakednefs. Fzek. $0. 8, And 
 they ft? all know that 1 am the Lord, when I have fet a fire ih 
 Egypt 1 and when all her helpers fhall be deftroyed. 4. Upon 
 myitical relations, whether iu the body natural , doth not one 
 member fuffer for another ? doth not the head pay for what 
 the hand afted ? or in the body politick, and civil : do not 
 princes and people often fuffer for one another, 1 Sam. 12. laft, 
 But if ye fhall ftill do wickedly ', ye {hall be con fumed, both ye 
 and your king. 1 Chron.21. 17, And David faid unto God, 
 Is it not J that commanded the people to be numbred ? even I it 
 is that have finned, and done evil indeed : but as for thefe jheep, 
 what have they done ? let thine hand, J pray thee, O Lord my 
 God, be on me, and on my fathers houfe , but not on thy peo- 
 ple, that they fliould be plagued. Or in the Church and body 
 politick and Ecclefiaftical : do not paftors and people often 
 fuffer for one another? Ez.ekji.26, And I will make thy 
 tongue cleave to the roof of thy mouth, that thou jhalt be dumb y 
 and Jhalt not be to them a reprover : for they are a rebellion 
 houfe. Rev. 2. 5, Remember therefore from whence thou art fal- 
 len, and repent, and do the fir ft works : or elfe 1 will come unto 
 thee quickly, and remove my candle ftick^ out of his place, except 
 thou repent. How much more may it ftand with juflice to 
 finite Chrift, and to put him to fuffer for his people, having 
 in him a complication of all thefe relations towards therrr, 
 and of all kind of relations that can import and exprefs 
 
 nearnefs, 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 39 r 
 
 nearnefs, conjunction, union, and onenefs with them ', he alfo 
 being willing to fuffer for his people, and abfolute Lord of 
 his own life, J oh. 10. 17, 18, Therefore doth my father love 
 me, becaufe 1 lay down tny life that I might take it again. 
 J$o man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of my felf: I 
 have tower to lay it down, and I have power to take it again, 
 this commandment have Ireceieved of my father. 
 
 Now the confideration of this point, how Ch rift came Brln „ of - 
 under an acl of Suretifhip for his people, to wit, by a free Mediator,* a& 
 confent and agreement betwixt God and Chrift in a Cove- 123, &c. 
 nant, whereby God willingly made him the Surety, and he 
 willingly made himfelf the Surety •, this I fay, doth exceed- 
 ingly commend this grace of God in the fatisfaftion made by 
 Chrift the Surety of the Covenant, elpecially in thefe things. 
 1. It was grace and favour in God, that he was pleafed to 
 difpence lb far with his own Law, as to admit of fatisfa&ion 
 by a Surety, and not to ftand upon the rigour thereof, 
 which requires that the fame foul that finned might fuffer 
 and die, and no other for him, Gen. 2. 17, But of the tree 
 efthe knowledg of good and evil, thou jhalt not eat of it : for 
 in the day that thou eatefl thereof, thou Jhalt fwrely die. Gal. 
 3. io, Cur fed is every one that continueth not in all things 
 which are written in the book^ of the taw, to do them. It is 
 grace, that the fame foul that finned dieth not, but another : 
 and yet more grace, that every foul that finneth, dieth not, 
 but one for many, one for all the Elect world, Mat. 2028, 
 And to give his life a ranfome for many. 2 Cor. 5. 15, And 
 that he died for all, that they which live, jhould not henceforth 
 live unto themfelves, but unto him which died for them, and rofe 
 again. 2. This was grace in God, that he did not only admit 
 this way of fat isf action, but himfelf did find it out. The 
 finding out of a way of latisfaclion to juftice, without the 
 eternal pnnifhment of the firmer, this was Gods aft, and 
 this was one act of fpecial grace : for it was not only above 
 the reach of men and Angels, but alio before their being, 
 I Cor. 2. 7,8, But we fpeak^ the wifdom of God in a myftery, 
 even the hidden wifdom which God ordained before the world, 
 unto our glory : Which none of the princes of this world knew, 
 Prov. 8. 2$, 30, 1 was fet up from everlafling, from the be- 
 ginning, or ever the earth was. Then 1 was by him, as one 
 
 brought 
 
392 Ckfifl the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 brought up' with him: and I was dally his delight: rejoycing 
 always before him. $. This was pure grace in God, that he 
 did dcfign, provide, and foreiee a Surety and facTista&ion for 
 us, before we became broken men, and needed one •, that he 
 ddlgned a Phyfician before we were Tick, iTim. 1.9, who 
 hath faved us, and called us with an holy calling, not accord- 
 ing to our works, but according to his own purpofe and grace, 
 which was given us in Chrifi Jefus, before the world began. 
 
 4. This was grace, even fingular grace in God, that he nei- 
 ther did admit of this way of iatisia&ion for the fin of An- 
 gels, nor did he find it out for them, but unto men only 
 did he indulge this diipeniation, Hcb.2.1^,16, Forafmuch 
 then as the children are partakers of flefo and blood, he alfo 
 him f elf Iikewife t compart of the fame, that through death he might 
 dejiroy him that had the power of death, that is, the Devil. 
 
 For verily he took^ not on him the nature of Angels : but he 
 
 tcol^on him the feed of Abraham. 2 Pet. 2.4, For if Godfpa- 
 red not the Angels that finned, but cafi them do.xn to hell, and 
 delivered them into chains of darknefs, to be referved unto judg- 
 ment. Jude verf. 6, And the Angels which kept not their fir ft 
 eftate, but left their own habitation, he hath referved in ever- 
 Ufving chains under darknefs, unto the judgment of the great 
 day. There was no relaxation of the rigour of the law to- 
 ward themj but a ftritt execution of juitice upon them. 
 
 5. It was unfpeakable grace in God, that having admitted of 
 iuch a way of iatisfacTion, he fhould put his own Son upon 
 the work, and make him the Surety, who fhould make fa- 
 tisfaclion unto the juftice of God, by giving his life a ranfome 
 for us : fuch an acT of grace as this hath not been heard of: 
 J oh. 3. 16, For God fo loved the world, that he gave his only 
 begotten Son, that whofoever believeth on him fhould not perifh, 
 but have everlafting life. Rom. 5. 8, But God commended his 
 love towards us, in that while we were yet finners, Chrift died 
 for us. 1 Joh.2.2, And he is the propitiation for our fins\ 
 and not for ours only, but alfo for the fins of the whole world. 
 1 Joh. 4. 10, Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that 
 he loved us> and fent his Son to be the propitiation for our 
 fins. 6. It is grace in God, that when he hath found out 
 this way of fatisfacTion, and is content to admit of it, and 
 hath put his Son upon the work, that he fhould be at the 
 
 pains 
 
Chap. XX. ef the Covenant. 502 
 
 pains to reveal to us Chrifts Surety-righteoufnefs, and to ap- 
 ply it unto us, without which the fatisfaction of the Surety 
 could not avail us: and what elfe can it be but grace in 
 God, that maketh the fatisfaction of Chrift effectual to one,' 
 and not to another, who hath alio heard of this way of fa- 
 tisfying-juftice ? 70b 33.2^24, J f there be a meffenger with 
 him, an interpreter, one awong a thoufand, to Jliew unto man 
 his upright nefs. Then he is gracious unto him, and faith, De- 
 liver him from going down to the fit, I have found a ranfom. 
 Joh. 6.44, No **an can come to me, except the father which 
 hath fent me, draw him : and J will raife him up at the lafi 
 day. Eph. 2. 8, For by grace are ye faved through faith, and 
 that not of your f elves , it is the gift of God. And upon this 
 account it is, that juftification and remiffion of fins are cal- 
 led free, notwithstanding the fatisfaction of Chrift -, that the 
 wonderful riches of Gods free grace might fbine in the Sureti- 
 fhip of Chrift, Ifa. 43.25, I, even I am he that blotteth out 
 thy tranfgreffions for my own fake, and will not remember thy fins. . 
 Rom. 3 . 24, Being juftified freely by his grace, through the re- 
 demption that is in Chrift Jefus. 
 
 4. For whom is Chrift engaged as Surety of the Cove- 
 nant ? ( I fpeak now of his Suretiftrip, only as it relateth to 
 his act of cautionry for his people *, remitting the confidera- 
 tion of it, in a larger extent, unto the next thing to be hand- 
 led upon this Subject ) Before I anfwer this Queftion , I 
 (hall premit fome diftinctions which make way for an anfwer 
 to it. 1. It is a neceffary diftinttion. of the Covenant of See Mr. Ruth. 
 grace, that it is confidered, either, 1. As it is preached ac- treatifc of the 
 cording to the commanding-will of God : or, 2, As it's ^/-Covenant, h 
 filled in the Elect, according to the Lords will of purpofe : 2% c * IO ' 
 the Covenant in the flrft confideration, (lands of promiies, 
 commands, threatnings, &c. And £0 it holds forth what is 
 the command of God concerning our duty, and the things 
 which we may conditionally expect *, and puts nothing abio- 
 lutely, whether we perform it or not. See Aft. 2. 38. 39, 
 Then Peter faid unto them, Repent, and be baptised every one 
 of you in the name of Jefus Chrift, for the remiffion of fins, and 
 ye jhall receive the gift of the holy Ghoft. for the promife is 
 unto you-, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even 
 as many as the Lord our God. Jhall call. Act. 16. 31, And they 
 
 E e e faid, 
 
39 4 chri ft the Suret y Cha P- xx. 
 
 faid, Believe on the Lord Jefus Chrifi, and thou fialt befaved y 
 and thine houfe. In the fecond confederation, the Covenant 
 ftands wholly in promifes, and thole ablblute promifes, and 
 does not hold forth our duty and obligation, and what is 
 morally good or evil , becaufe God commands it, or forbids 
 it : but what is Gods will of purpofe and decree, and what 
 ts his pleaibre, to aft effectually upon the hearts of the 
 Eleft, he over-ruling their corrupt wills : fo the Covenant is 
 to be underftocd, Jer. \t* $i,&o Ez.ek. u. i6,&c. and 36. 
 25, &c. 
 
 2. We rauft diftinguifh the parties of the Covenant, ac- 
 cording to this two-fold confideration thereof: for the par- 
 ties contracting with God in the Covenant, under the firft 
 confideration, are all thofe who are within the vifible Church, 
 whether Eleft or Reprobate ( and their feed ) profefling o- 
 bedience to the Goipel-ordinances , under which they are 
 (as I have at length proved elie-where) , Pfal. 147. 19,20, 
 He fnweth his word unto Jacob: his flatutes and his Judgments 
 unto Ifrael. He hath not dealt [0 with any nation : and as 
 for his judgments , they have not known them. But the parties 
 contrafters with God in the Covenant, confidered in the fe- 
 cond refpeft, are only the Eleft of Chrift-, to whom the 
 fpirit is given, as well as the ordinances ; to whom the pro- 
 mife of the new heait is made, and in whom it is fulfilled, 
 I fa. 59.21, As for me, this is my covenant with them, faith 
 the Lord-, My fpirit that is upon thee, and my words which I 
 have put in thy mouth, frail not depart out of thy mouth, 
 nor out of the mouth of thy feed, nor out of the mouth of 
 thy feeds feed , faith the Lord , from henceforth, and for ever, 
 
 3. We are to diftinguifl) betwixt Ch rifts aft of Suretifhip 
 and undertaking •, and ibme benefits which by concomitancy 
 redound to them, for whom he never was made Surety : for 
 many hypocrites and reprobates that have the Gofpel preach- 
 ed by concomitancy, becaufe they are mixed with the Eleft, 
 in the habitable parts of the earth, and Societies of men, 
 where thefe have their abode-, yet Chrift was never under- 
 taker for them, nor doth the preaching of the Covenant come 
 to them from Chri(t,as their Surety : but this benefit they have 
 by Ch'rifts undertaking and Suretifhip for the eleft that are 
 among them, and for the Elects fake, concerning whom Chrift 
 
 under- 
 
£hap. XXi $f the Covenant* .5. 
 
 undertook ta preach thl Covefl&nt to thirty fcriS & fulfil ie 
 in them*, therefore he is a light to tfo Gentiles, 1(11.49.6, 
 with J0, M« 2( "'> Men and brethren, children of the f.ock^of 
 Abraham, and whofoever among you fcaretfr^God, to yon is the 
 word of this falvation fent , 2 Cor, 4. 15, For all things are for 
 your fakes , that the abundant grace might, through the thanks^ 
 giving of many, redound to the glory of God. Joh. 1 7. 19, And 
 for their fakes I fanffifie my felf, that they alfo might be fantti* 
 fed through the truth. 
 
 Thefe things premifed, we anfwer to the queftion *, 1. Ne- 
 gatively. 1. Sure he was not made Surety, Chrift did not Cat. Racov. &* 
 undertake for all Mankind, in whom was ever the breath of Prophet. cK 
 life, the Reprobate as well as the Elect, Cain as well as A- mntre ' 
 bel, Judo* as well as Paul, ( as Socinians and Arminians tell 
 us) for the Apoftle's [alP), 1 Tim. 2. 6, Who gave himfelf a j aCt j m ,om. 
 ranfom for Call], to be tefiified in due time-, can be?no more fxcdotiocbrifli* 
 than Chrift's many. Mat. 20. 21, And to give his life ^pag. 16,17. 
 ranfom for many, Heb. 9. 28, So Chrift was once offered to 
 bear the fins of many *, and unto them that look^ for him, jhall 
 he appear the fecond time without fin unto falvation. 2. Sure jy lvmi nt: 
 he was not Surety, nor did undertake for all thefe who are difjett.de mom 
 within the vifible Church, or within the Covenant externally -.chrifti, cap. 4. 
 for many of thefe were neither given to him by the father, P* 4^ 
 nor undertaken for by him, \J0h.2. 19, They went out from 
 us, but they were not of us : for if they had been of us, they 
 would no doubt have continued with us : but they went out, that 
 they might be made manifeft, that they were not all of us. Mat. 
 22. 14, For many are called, but few are chc fen. $. He was not 
 made Surety for all men conditionally, to wit, if they fhould 
 believe : -for, 1 . His Suretifhip was an abfolute act of his own 
 will and grace, and cloth not depend upon our will, over 
 which Chrift hath the dominion, Joh. 6. 37, All that the fa- 
 ther giveth me, Jhall come to me : and him that cometh to me, 
 I will in- no wife caft out. Zech. 10. 8, / will hifs for them,and 
 gather them, for I have redeemed them. 2. It was part of his 
 undertaking, to purchafe by the meirt of his death, grace to 
 bow our will, and to heal our nature, Heb. 10. 10, By the 
 which will we are fanftified through the offering of the body of 
 Jefus Chrift, once for all. Ha. 42. 4, He jhall not fail, nor be 
 difcouraged, till he have fet judgment in the earth, and the lfles 
 
 Eeez jhall 
 
596 Chrift the Surety Chap. XX- 
 
 frail wait for his law. 3. God knew them all particularly 
 - whom he gave to Chrift, to be ranfomed by him •, and Chrift 
 knew them all by name, for whom he did undertake : there- 
 fore we read of names written in the lambs book^ of life. Rev. 
 21.27. 
 
 2. We anfwer affirmatively, That Chrift undertakes in his 
 bargain of Suretilhip, only for the Elect, Chrift from eternity 
 came under an aft of cautionry for all thefe and no o- 
 ther. 
 
 For, 1. No other were given to him by the Father: 
 but thefe were given unto him, and without queftion he be- 
 came Surety for none but thele who were given to him by 
 his father, J oh. 17.2, 19, That he fhonld give eternal life to 
 
 as many as thou haft given him And for their fakes I fantti- 
 
 fie my felf. Joh. 6. 57, Ml that the father giveth me, Jhall come 
 to me : and him that cometh to me, I will in no wife caft out. 
 Joh. 10,28,29, And I give unto them eternal life, and they 
 frail never perijh, neither frail any man plucky them out of my 
 hand. My fatber which gave them me, is greater then all : and 
 no man is able to plucky them out of my fathers hand. 
 
 2. He became Surety for none but for thole for whom 
 he died, and in whofe ftead he anfwered the demands of the 
 Law, and fatisfied the Juftice of. God *, now he died only 
 for the Elect, Rom. 8. 33, 34, Who jhall lay any thing to the 
 charge of Gods elect? it is God that juftifieth. Who is he 
 that condemneth ? it is Chrift that died *, yea rather, that u ri- 
 fen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who alfo make 
 eth interceffwn for us. ]oh. 10. 11, lam the good frepherd : the 
 good frepherd giveth his life for the fheep. 3. He did under- 
 take for thefe only for whom he doth pray and intercede 
 with God, and thefe were only the Elect:, Joh. 17. 9, / pray 
 for them, I pray not for the world : but for them which thou 
 haft given me, for they are thine. 4. He did undertake for 
 thefe only, for whofe believing his father did undertake to. 
 him, and theie were only the Elect, I fa. 53. 10, 11, And the 
 pleafure of the Lord frail vrofper in his hand. He frail fee of 
 the travel of his foul, and frail be fatisfied : by his knowledg frail 
 my righteous fervant juftifie many : for he Jhall bear their ini~ 
 canities. 5. He did undertake for thefe only, in whom the 
 Covenant is fulfilled, upon whofe hearts it is really acted, fo 
 
 that 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 5^7 
 
 that a new heart is given to them, and life eternal, and thefe 
 were only the Eleft, Jer. 31. $2, 3$, Not according to the 
 covenant that J made with their fathers, in the day that 1 toek^ 
 them by the hand, to hring them out of the land of Egypt, 
 which my covenant they breaks although I was an husband to 
 them, faith the Lord. But this jliall be my covenant that I will 
 make with the houfe oflfrael, after thefe days, faith the Lord, 
 I will put my law in their inwards farts, and write it in their 
 hearts, and will be their God, and they Jhall be my people. Joh. 
 17. 6, I have mantfefted thy name unto the men which thougav- 
 eft me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gave ft them 
 me ; and they have kept thy word. 
 
 And 'this is as fad news to many of you who heard 
 this Gofpcl, as it is glad news to thefe who receive it, and 
 believe in Chrift : wo to them who have not this undertaker 
 for them, for the Law muft have a fatisfaftion by the eter- 
 nal undoing of all thefe. 
 
 5. Let us confider for what Chrift is engaged by his 
 Suretifliip : That this may appear, we fhall take notice of 
 fome distinctions, which fpeak the extent of his undertak- 
 ing for his people. He was a Surety and undertaker* 1. In 
 his ftate, and in his actions. 2. In Earth, and in Heaven. 
 3 . In our ftead, and in our behalf. 4. To us-ward, and to 
 God- ward .. 
 
 1. I fay, Chrift is a Surety for his people, in his ftate, 
 and in his atl'ions : that is, 1. In whatsoever date and con- 
 dition Chrift was, in that ftate and condition he doth iuftain 
 our perfons, and is iurrogate in our place and condition,, 
 ( for fo much his Suretifhip doth import, as I have already 
 (hewed ) when he was in a ftate of humiliation here, ,upon 
 the earth, in that low condition, he did iuftain the perfons,. 
 and bear and reprelent the ftate and condition of his poor 
 broken people : he was furrogated a Surety to iuftain their 
 Legal ftate, or the ftate wherein they are by the violation 
 of the Law and Covenant of works, Heb. 2. 14, Fetaf- 
 much then as the children are partakers of flejli and blood, 
 he alfo himfelf li\twife took^ part of the fame, that through 
 death he might deftroy him that had the power of death, that 
 u, the devil. Gal. 4. 4, Rut when the fulnejs of the time was 
 come, God fent forth his Son made of a woman, made under 
 
 the 
 
f$3 Chrift th Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 the law. Rom. 8. % For what the law could not do, in that it 
 was Xteakjhroiigh thcflefii } God fending his own Son in the like tie ft 
 of finful flefh, and for fin condemned fin in the fieJJj, Again ', 
 in his exaltation, Chrift doth iiiftain the peribns, and repre- 
 ient the condition of the Elect, unto the which they are 
 advanced by the Covenant through him : and therefore the 
 Scripture holds him forth in his refurrection and afcen li- 
 on, &c. as reprefenring the ftate of the Elect : He is in 
 heaven this day, ikith the Scripture, for us, iuftaining our 
 ftate, and glorified condition, till we come there •, .taking 
 pofftflion of our inheritance, unto which » he hath acquired 
 for us a right, Htb.6.20, Whither the fore-runner is for us 
 entred, even Jefus. Heb. 9.24, For Chrift is not entered into 
 the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the 
 true : but into heaven it felf now to appear in the pre fence of 
 God for us. 2. In his atlions, he acted our parts *, especially 
 in what he did, or in what befel him here upon the earth : 
 for it was his end of coming down into this world to aft 
 our parts , and to have acted upon him, what fhould have 
 been done to us : he died as our Surety, and he arofe as our 
 Surety ; Juftice fmote him as our Surety, he was taken into 
 prifon, and to judgment, and was condemned as our Surety, be- 
 ing numbred among tranlgreffors 5 and again, he was taken 
 from the prifon and judgment, as our Surety, being juftifled 
 when he payed the Debt ; and by vertue of tha^t communion 
 which we had with him in all thefe actions of his, he being 
 our Surety, and iuftaining our Law-place and room, by a juft 
 law, thefe things are reckoned unto our account, whofe per- 
 fons he iuftained, and whofe parts he acted, I fa. 5 ^through- 
 out. Rom. 4.1aft ; Who was delivered for onr offences, and was 
 raifed again for our jufiification. 1 Pet. 3.18, For Chrift alfo 
 hath once fujferedfor fins, the juft for the unjuft, that he might 
 bring us to God. 
 Chrift fet And to this purpofe is that inftance and parallel of Adams 
 
 forth. Stit. 3. iuftaining the condition of all men, and therein being a 
 t*t; 4- type of Chrift, 1 Cor. 15. 22, 48. and Rom. 5. 14, Fitly, and 
 
 at large applied, by Mr. Thomas Goodwin. 
 
 2. Chrift was a Surety on Earth, and he is a Surety ftill 
 in Heaven : Chrift is as well a Surety in his interceffion, as he 
 was in his death j for befide all that Chrift did upon earth 
 
 for 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 399 
 
 for difcharging his undertaking unto God for his people^ he 
 (lands yet engaged in Heaven as an undertaker for them, 
 and fhall not be acquitted of all his engagements, until he 
 have brought all the Eleft company, as fate there as he came 
 himfelf, Joh. 17.24, Father ; 1 will that they alfo whom thou 
 hafi given me , be with me where I am , that they may 
 behold my glory which thou haft given me : for thou lovedft 
 me before the foundation of the world. Therefore the Apoftle, 
 Heb. 7. 22, By fo much vcas Jefus made Surety of a better 
 Teftament. After he hath made mention of the Suretifhip of 
 Chrift, he inftanceth in his interceflion and continuing a Prieft 
 for ever, verf 25,24, 25. Shewing, that becaufe he is en- 
 gaged as a Surety, therefore he intercedes to fave to the ut- 
 rnoft. 
 
 That this may be yet more plain*, confider, 1. That the 
 Suretiihip of Chrift, as it was acted in a free Covenant and 
 tranfaction betwixt Jehovah and Chrift, doth not only relate 
 unto the justification of the Elect, but alio to their Salva- 
 tion, Jfa. 53. 11, He frail fee of the travel of his Soul, and 
 frail be fatisfied : by his knowledg frail my righteous fervant 
 juftifie many 5 for he frail bear their iniquities. Rom. 5.9, 10, 
 Much more then, being now juftified by his blood, we frail be 
 faved from wrath through him. For if when we were enemies, 
 we were reconciled to God by. the death of his Son : much more 
 being reconciled, we frail be frail be faved by his his life. And 
 therefore as long as the perfons of any for whom he died, 
 remain ftill unfaved, he is not acquitted of this Suretifhip 
 and engagement, but after that he hath payed a price to 
 juftice tor them, there remains an obligation upon him, to 
 bring thefe for whom he died to glory, Hch.z. 10, For it 
 became him, for whom are all things, and by whom are all 
 things, in bringing^ many fons unto glory, to make the captain of 
 their falvation perfect through fuffcrings . i. Confider that the 
 being part of his Covenant of Suretifhip to be performed,, 
 as long as the perfons of any of the Elect are yetunflived to 
 the utmoft, the performance of that which is behind of his 
 engagements is afcribed to his interceflion, which he is now 
 performing in heaven, and therefore he muft intercede in 
 Heaven, as Surety of the better Teftament, ffeb. 7. 22, to 25. 
 with Rom. 5.10, and Rom.%. 34, Who is he tnat 'condemnethi 
 
 * -is 
 
, 3 Chrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 it is Chrifi that died, yea rather, that is rifen again, who is 
 even at the right hand of God, who alfo maketh interceffion f»r hs. 
 \ . Confider, that unleis he were a Surety in Heaven, and afted 
 therein that Covenant-relation by his interceffion, all his o- 
 ther agings as Surety of the Covenant would be to little 
 purpoie for our behoof: for it is this part of his Suretifhip 
 that maketh his latisfa&ion to the Law effe&ual for the good 
 of the Eleft •, this is it which putteth life in the death 'of him 
 who died in our flead and room*, and without this, the blood 
 of the Surety had been fried in vain. For this is the very 
 application of it , and fprinkling the blood of the Covenant 
 upon us, Heb-9- io> 2 Oj 2 4) For when Mofes bad fpoken eve- 
 ry precept to all the people according to the law, he took^ the 
 blood of Calves and Goats, with water and fear let wool , and 
 Hyfopy and fprinkled both the book^ and all the people , faying, 
 this is the blood of the Teefiament which God hath enjoined un- 
 to you. For Chrifi is not entered into the holy places made with 
 
 hands, which are the figures of the true: but into heaven it felf, 
 now to appear in the pre fence of God for us, Heb. 7.22, 25. 
 By fo much was Jefus made Surety of a better Teftament. 
 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them to the uttermofl that 
 
 come unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth to ma\e interceffi- 
 on for them, l Joh. 2. I, 2, My little children, tbefe things write 
 J unto you, that ye fin not ; and if any man fin, we have 
 an advocate with the father, Jefus Chrifi the righteous ', and 
 he is the propitiation for our fins, 4. Confider, that as his 
 foul and his life was at the flake, and was pawned for that 
 part of his Suretifhip that was to be performed on earth, 
 to wit, the paying of a price to Juftice : fo his honour lies 
 yet at the flake and in pawn for that part of his engagement 
 which is to be performed in heaven by his interceflion : fo 
 that as it behoved him to have lien in prifon for ever, and 
 the foul to have been left in the grave, unlefs he had payed 
 his Debt, and made fatisfa&ion to Juftice, his Soul being in 
 •our fouls Head as a Surety, fo his honour (I fay ) lieth 
 flill at the flake for all his peoples compleat Salvation : info- 
 much that Heaven cannot hold him if he bring not them 
 there, he fh all not have the glory of a perfected Saviour and 
 Surety, if he perform not his engagement to fave them to 
 the utmoft j yea, he muft quit heaven if he bring not his 
 
 people 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant* aqx 
 
 people thither, for whom he undertook, See Joh. 6. 57, As 
 the living father hath fern wf, and I live by the father : fo he 
 that eateth me, even he ftiall live by me. Joh. 17. 1,4, 12,24, 
 
 Glorifie thy fan, that thy [on alfo may glorifie thee. / have 
 
 glorified thee on the earth: I have finiflied the work^which then 
 gave ft me to do. — -While I was with them in the world, I kept 
 them in thy name : thofe that thon gave ft me, I have kept, and 
 none of them is loft, but the fon of perdition , that the [capture 
 might~b^-fuJftKed. Father, i will that they alfo whom thou haft 
 given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my 
 glory which thou haft given me : for thon lovedft me before the 
 foundation of the world, Heb. 2.10, for it became him, for 
 whom are all things, and by whom are all things, in bringing 
 many fons unto glory, to make the captain of\ their falvation 
 perfect through fufferings. Heipeaks for his brethren as J'udah 
 did for little Benjamin, Gen. ^^9. 3. Chrift is a Surety in 
 our ftead, and in our behalf 1. I fay, in moft things which 
 Chrift did as a Surety of the Covenant, he did them in our 
 ftead and room •, he did them as a perfon repreienting us ; and 
 we did them in him by vertue of that communion that is 
 betwixt the Surety and the Debtor : when he died, he died 
 in our ftead, and we died in him 5 there we paid the Debt : 
 when he arofe and afcended , he role in our ftead, and we 
 rofe and afcended in him •, there we had a difcharge and libe- 
 ration when he had it,&c. Rom. 6. 6,8, Knowing this, that 
 our old man is crucified with him, that the body of fin might 
 
 be deftroyed, that henceforth we Jlwuld not ferve fin. Now if , 
 
 we be dead with Chrift, we believe that we Jhall alfo live with 
 him. 1 Cor. 15. 22, For as in Adam all die, even fo in Chrift 
 Jhall all be made alive. Eph. 2. 5, 6, Even when we were dead 
 m fins, he hath quickened us together with Chrift ( by grace 
 ye are faved ) ^ and hath raifed us up together -> and made us 
 fit together in heavenly places in Chrift Jefus. 2. Yet there 
 are ibme things which Chrift the Surety performed wholly 
 for us indeed, and on our behalf', but he cannot be laid to ■ 
 perform them in our ftead, or to a& our part in them, that 
 is, to aft thefe things as that which we ihouid have done : 
 fiich was his incarnation and taking of our nature upon him, 
 and the taking of our Law-place upon him, which wereafts 
 of Chrift the Surety of the Covenant, and unto which he 
 
 Fff had 
 
4C2 Chriil the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 ? ecMr. 1b: had voluntarily engaged himfelf by his Covenant ' of Sureti- 
 GoUmn* fhip with God, Gal. 4. 4 5 But when the fulnefs of the time 
 f^h^StJ lVaS ccme r God fent forth his Son, made of a woman, made un- 
 <TL nag "149.^ f ^ e iaWt ^ e ^* IO '5>7> Wherefore when he cometh into the 
 world, he jaith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldfl not-, but a, 
 body hafl thou prepared me : then faid I, Lo, 1 eome (in the 
 volume of the bco 1 ^ it is written of me ) to do thy will, O God. 
 Yet he cannot be laid properly to have done thefe things in our 
 ftead, though he did them on our behalf, and wholly for us; 
 for theie were the very foundation of all that he acled in 
 our ftead, and opened the way to his afting as our Surety, 
 in* our ftead \ by theie a&s he put himfelf in our ftead, that 
 he might aft our part, being found in our nature, ftate 
 and condition, Rom.%. ;, For what the law could not do, m 
 that it was weak^through the fiefij, God fending his own Son in 
 the hkgnefs offinfulfiefl), and for fin condemned fin in the fiejh,?h\l, 
 2.6,7,W&0 being in the form of God,t bought it not robbery to be equal 
 with God. But made himfelf of no refutation, and tookjtpon him the . 
 form of a fervant, and was made in the likenefs of men. Such alio 
 is his interceflion in heaven : for though he intercede as a Surety 
 in Heaven, and on our behalf % yet he doth it not in our ftead : 
 for it cannot be faid that we intercede in him : for this is 
 the accomplifhment of all the work, and fo proper to him- 
 felf only as Mediator, being the Crown of all his works of 
 Mediation. 
 
 4. Chrift is a Surety on Gods fart to man, and on mans, 
 fart to God. 
 
 1. I fay, Jefus the Mediator of the new Covenant, is a 
 Surety fir God to man : that is, he who made faith HpOn the 
 Covenant on Gods behalf, who is engaged to make good all 
 Dt LuKixgton the promifes thereof to us: and upon this head the Socinians 
 comment. *d alK J we differ not*, for in this ienie the Apoftle calieth Jefus 
 Gfr'r 2 d % Htb t ^ ie Suret y °f a better Teflament (though not only in this 
 7. °22. ' ' 'fcnfeas they affirm), Heb. 7.22. And in this fenfe Jefusmay 
 be called Surety of the Covenant, for four reafons, or in 
 four refpecls : 1. As he is a party contracting on Gods be- 
 half with his people, becaufe Chrift is he who makes the 
 Covenant and all the promifes', he who contrafteth a Cove- 
 nant with us in his fathers name. He is the Angel of the 
 Covenant^ Mai. }.J. who kid to Mofes, / am the God of thy, 
 
 fathers, 
 
Chap. XX. tf the Covenant. 403 
 
 fathers, A£t. 7. $2, $8. 2. As he is undertaker and engager 
 tor God, to make his promifes good to us} becaufe he un- 
 dertaketh on Gods part, that all his promifes fhall be made 
 good and effectual to us-ward . Therefore we find that thefe 
 Scriptures of the old Teftament, which promife the fulfilling 
 of the Covenant in the Elect, and the acting of it upon their 
 hearts, the promifes of a ne w heart, and of forgivenefs and 
 -per fever ance,&c. Jer. $1.34. and 32. $0,40. The making 
 of thefe promifes, and undertaking for Gods making them 
 good, is afcribed to Chriit by the Apoftle, Heb. 8.6,8, 10, 
 11, 12, $. Ashe is performer of what God hath promifed : 
 becaufe Chrift doth not only undertake for God, but he 
 difchargeth his undertaking for him, by fulfilling thefe 
 promifes *, for Chrift is he who performeth and fulfilleth 
 the promifes of God unto his people, even he who ap- 
 peared to Mofes in the Bufh, and had an active hand in 
 the delivery of his Church out of Egypt, whereby he ful- 
 filled the promife made to Abram, Gen. 15. 14. This was 
 he that faw their affliction, and came down to deliver, Acl. 
 7. $4. And was with them all the way in the Wildernefs, 
 iCor. 10.9. Exod. 23.21. This is he who is advanced above 
 Mofes, as a more fpiritual and effectual Minifter and Prieft, who 
 a&eth the Covenant on his peoples hearts, Heb. 8.6, 10. 
 4. As he is confirmer of the Covenant, becaufe he ratified it 
 on Gods part : for in him all the promifes thereof are yea, 
 and in him they are Amen, 2 Cor. 1. 20. For as they are made 
 to him eminently as the chief heir of the promifes •, and for 
 him, as he by whofe merit the grace promifed is given to us, 
 and fo alfo the promifes are made firm and (table to us in 
 him and through him, who did ratifie the Covenant, GaL $. 
 x 5> 1 7j l 9-> Brethren, I fpeak^after the manner of men : though 
 it be bat a mans covenant, yet if it be confirmed^ no man difannul- 
 leth, or addeth thereto. And this I fay, that the covenant that 
 Was confirmed before of God in Chrift, till the feed fi;onld come 
 to whom the promife was made. Heb. 9. 16, 17, For where a 
 Teftament is, there muft alfo of neceffity be the death of the 
 Te ft at or. For a Teftament is of force after men are dead : 
 otherwife it is of no ftrength at all, whilft the Teftator liveth. 
 And who did make faith for confirming all things whatib- 
 eyer are promifed in it, J oh. 5.24, Verily, verily I fay unto 
 
 Fff 2 yon, 
 
404 Chrift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 yon, he that hearer b my word, and believeth on him that fent 
 me^ hath everlafiing life^ and Jhall not come into condemnation , 
 Virm ad lo- but is paffed from death unto life. And in this refpetl mainly 
 cm. iome learned excofitors understand, Heb. 7. 22, Chrift to be 
 
 Diod. tfwwof.tfi called Surety of a better Teflament^ becaufe he did confirm it, 
 H.b. 7. 22. y, nt0 t ^ is p art j: Qjfifts Suretifhip doth Mr. Brinfley refer 
 the affurance given unto us by Chrifts word, J oh. 5. 24. by 
 his works, J oh. 5. 36. Mark\6. 17, 20. by his blood, Heb. 
 9.12,17. Zcch.y. 11. and by his fpirit, Rom. 8. 16. ijoh. 
 5. 8, Which you may read at more length in his treatife of 
 the Mediator, pag. 145, &c. 
 c*t. R ^ ov ^- 2. Chrift is Surety of the Covenant for mans part to God : 
 s'ofin. de)tr- this is denied by the Socinians^ who will have him Surety of 
 vatAib, 2.c.8.the Covenant only in the fenfe before mentioned : and upon 
 Jo. crell. ad- the matter the lame is denied by Arminiam alfo. Let us 
 vtrf. Grot, p.i. endeavour to clear and eftablifh the truth. 
 C ja.Am. ex- ^ e ma y ** um U P thrifts Suretifhip for man to God in 
 am. Pertyf. e- thefe three parts : The firft relates unto the violation of the 
 dit.Bntiant.y. Law, and broken Covenant of works. The fecond unto the 
 616. performance of the v Condition of the new Covenant - 7 yea r 
 
 3°'ff hh dting tvtn of the preceptive part of the Law and Covenant, in fo far 
 2 2# ' * c,7 ' v 'asit ftands in force towards believers. The*thirdrelatethunto 
 the perfons of thofe for whom he hath undertaken what the 
 Law did threaten, and what the Gofpel doth command. 
 Cautions. j n a i| tne fe three parts of his Suretifhip, 1. We are ftill to 
 diftinguifh his undertaking from his difcharging of that which 
 he undertook : for in all thing appertaining to his Suretifhip, 
 he did firft undertake (as 1 have fhewed) by an eternal 
 agreement with his father, and afterwards he did fulfil and 
 difcharge his undertaking. 2. We are to confider, that though 
 his undertaking in all thefe parts of his Suretifhip for man, 
 was at once by one eternal z€t and Covenant of Suretifhip 
 with God ; yet his difcharging of that undertaking, is brought 
 about in different periods of time, ib as at one time he fatis- 
 fies for the breach of the firft Covenant : at another time he 
 fulfilleth the condition of the new Covenant in his people, and 
 at another time he fulfilleth what he undertook concerning 
 their perfons, to fave them compleatly, which may remain 
 unperformed when the former two are difcharged. For it 
 was not the intent of God, that by Chrifts Suretifhip the 
 
 finner 
 
Chap. XX. ef the Covenant. 405 
 
 (inner fhould be immediately delivered from the whole curfe 
 of the Law, and inverted in the whole blefling of the new 
 Covenant. 3. There is an order of Chrifts difcharging his 
 intire Suretifriip for the Elect : for Chrifts iktisfa&ion to the 
 Law goes before the new Covenant, and treating of new 
 conditions for the finner: there can be no treating on new 
 terms till the old be fatisfied :> and again, both thefe go be- 
 fore the performance of fome things which Chrift the Surety 
 hath undertaken concerning the perfons of the Elecl: : for a 
 peribn loofed from the law, and married to another hus- 
 band, may yet remain without a performance of fome things 
 which Chrift hath undertaken for him : whereof read, Rom. 7. 
 3, to 24. Heb. 2. 14, 15. GW.4,4, 5, 6. and 3. 21,25. ^-» 
 1.13. 
 
 And, 1. Of Chrifts Suretifhip for man to God, as it re- 
 lates to the violated Covenant of works : this comprehends 
 two things: 1. ChxiAs furrogation in our place, whereby he 
 put himfelf in our room, and took upon him our Law-place and 
 Condition, Gal. 4. 4, He was made under the law •, he put his 
 Soul in our Souls ftead, fo that he might be in that condi- 
 tion Legally, wherein we had put our felves through our 
 non-performance of the Covenant of works, 2 Cor. 5. 21, He 
 was made fin for us. He ftood in the finners Law-place : for 
 having by his Suretifhip put his name in our bond, then he 
 was in our ftead as the Scripture fpeaks of Sureties, Gen. 44.* 
 23. 2. This comprehends Chrifts fatisfattion, who being iub- 
 ftitute in our ftead and place, did undergo the penalty and 
 curfe of the violated Law, and fo did perfectly fatisfie the 
 Juftice of God for our non-performance of the Condition of 
 the Covenant of works. In regard of this fatisfaftion, it is ? 
 that the Scripture faith, Ifa, 53. 6, The Lord laid upon .him 
 the iniquities of us all : that is, not the evil and pollution of 
 them ( for Chrift was not intrinfecally and phyfically the fin- 
 ner ), but the guilt and penalty belonging to them ( for he 
 was Legally the finner)*, and God charged it upon him as* 
 the Creditor chargeth a Debt upon the Surety, requiring a 
 fatisfaction of him. The like equivalent expreffions, we find*- 
 */. 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, He was opfrejfed, and he was affHtted, or 
 as the words may be rendered, it was exdled : and heanfwered : 
 that is, God required iktisfa&ion for our fins, and his Sox^ 
 
 (a* 
 
4o6 Chrift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 (as our Surety) anfwered for us, Lo, I come, Hcb. 10. 
 
 5,7. Their curie be upon me-, let the law exact, and J will 
 Sib, litems aniwer ', let Juftice fmite, and I will bear the puniihment for 
 coKtraSecin. them: and unto this fatisfaction do thefe Scriptures relate, 
 r^' 2 'J :, / 7 '• wmcn *° °^ ten mentions Chrifts dying for hs } fuffering form, 
 Gw. dtjitis. k e i n g m ^ e a cm k for us, a ranfome for us, a Sacrifice and 
 
 propitiation for our fins,&c. iPet. 2. 21. and $. 18. iCor. 
 
 5. 14, 15. Hcb. 2.9. Rom. 5.8. Mat.20.2S. Gal. 1. 11. \Joh. 
 Mr. Kutberf. 2. 2. Now to die v<*if> \avtU for us, is to die in our ftead, 
 treatifeofthe^/Ve noflra : which is fo abundantly proved in the learned 
 Covenant,;^. trcat if es f other men more worthy to hold forth light in 
 lrh(Loi the tnis P oint > tnat I J uc *g needlefs to infill upon it, but rather 
 Mediator,^ do refer you to them. Only ere I leave this, let me leave 
 72, &c. with you thefc three advertifements concerning Chrifts iatis- 
 
 Dr. Owen, faction for our violation of the Covenant of works. 
 
 1. Though our punifhment an3 fuffering fhould have 
 been eternal, becaufe we could never out-fatisfie *, yet the 
 fufferings of Chrift , becaufe of the dignity of the per- 
 lbn, God-man, were perfectly fatisfactory in a fhort time. 
 
 2. Chrift payed not the idem, but the tantundem; not the 
 fame that was due, but the value : for he fuffered not the 
 fame pain, nnmero in number, but fpecie in kind. 
 
 j. Yet its one and the fame fatisfaction in the Lawsfenfe, 
 which Chrift payed,and which we ow r ed,in refpect that the Law 
 doth not require of the Surety to pay the fame fum in 
 number, which the Debtor borrowed : 'tis fatisfaction, if the 
 lame in fpecie,'m kind, or in value be paid. 
 
 2. Another part of Chrifts Suretiihip for man to God, re- 
 lateth to the condition and commands of the new Covenant : 
 for Chrift is not only Surety for fatisfying the violated Law, 
 and broken Covenant of works for us, that is , in our ftead ; 
 but he is alio Surety for performing of the Gondition and 
 Commands of the Gofpel and new Covenant in us , that is, 
 y. for our performing of them through his grace working in us, 
 
 \l<Hx (for the act is ours though, we be acted by grace ) and for 
 our obedience to the preceptive part of the Law, which is 
 not annulled, nor repealed, but ftandsyet in force towards be- 
 lievers. 
 
 1. I fay, he is Surety to God for our performance of the 
 condition and commands of the Gofpel or new Covenant ; and 
 
 this 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 407 
 
 this reacheth unto all things whatfoever, which are command- 
 ed in the Gofpel as conditions of righteouihefs and life *, all 
 which he undertaketh to work in us, and fo far to inable us 
 to endeavour thefe things, that in the performance thereof 
 we (hall be accepted, Phil, 2. 15, For it is God which worketh 
 in yon, both to will and to do of his good pleafure, Phil. 4. 1 2, 
 J can do all things through Chrifl which flrengtheneth me, 
 2 Cor. 9. 8, And God is able to make all grace abound towards 
 you, that ye always having all fuffeiency in all things , may a- 
 bound to every good work. And this is his undertaking, for 
 grace to be given unto us out of the ftore-houfe and treaiii- 
 ry of his fulnefs, J oh, 1. 16, And of his fulnefs have alt we 
 received , and grace for grase. Col. 2. 9, 10, For in him 
 dwelleth all the fulnefs of the Godhead btdily. And ye are' 
 compleat in him, which is the head of all principality and 
 power. 
 
 More particularly: by this part of Chrifts Suretifhip for 
 man to God , he is engaged, and he is undertaker: 1. For' 
 our believing, that we (hair come and fubjecT our confent 
 unto the Gofpel of Jefus Chrifl, J oh. 6. 37, All that the fa- 
 ther giveth me, foall come to me : and him that cometh to me, 
 I will in no wife cafl out, Joh. 12. $2, And J, if I be lifted 
 up from the earth, will draw all men unto me, 2 Cor. 9. 13, 
 Whiles by the experiment of this miniflration, they glorifie God 
 for your profeffed fubjetlion unto the Gofpel of Chrifl, 2. For 
 ©ur obedience, that we (hall bring forth the fruits of holi- 
 neis and new obedience, that we (hall ferve him from a prin- 
 ciple of Love, who was made Surety for us, Ez.ek^ 56. 27; 
 And I will' put my fpirit within you, and caufe you to walk in 
 my fiatutes : and ye fltall keep my judgments, and do them. Heb. 
 8.6,7,10, 11. Joh. 17. 6, Thine they were, and thou gave ft ' 
 them me', and they have kept thy word. 2 Cor. 5. 14, 15, For 
 the love of Chrifl conflraineth us, becaufe we thus \udg, that if 
 one died for all, then were all dead. And that he died for all, 
 that they which Uve, jhould not henceforth live unto themj elves, 
 but unto him which died for them, and rofe again. $. For our 
 perfeverance : Chrifl: as Surety (lands engaged for the perfe- 
 verance of the weak believer, that his faith (hall not fail, 
 but that he (hall endure unto the end, Luk: 22. 32, But I 
 have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. John 17/ 
 
 12> 
 
£ 3 Chrift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 1 2, While I was with them in the worlds I kept them in thy 
 name: thofe that thou gave ft me 1 have kfpt, and none of them 
 is loft. 
 
 2. Again, by this part of Chrifts Suretifhip, he is under- 
 taker and engager, to make all thefe things which are requi- 
 red of us, both poflible and certain in the performance. 
 
 1 . To reveal and maniieft the way of righteoufnefs and life, 
 through the new Covenant, Joh. 17. 6, 1 have manifefted thy 
 name unto the men, which thou gave ft me out of the world. 
 
 2. To make the condition of the new Covenant, poflible 
 and practicable , which confidered with relation to our 
 own ftrength, are as impoflible to man now, as the con- 
 ditions of the flrft Covenant are, Joh. 6. 44, No man can 
 come to me , except the father which hath fent me, draw him. 
 2 Cor. 3. 5, Not that we are fufficient of our J elves to thinly 
 any thing as of our [elves : but our fuffciency is of God. Joh. 
 15. 5, For without me ye can do nothing. And this part of 
 Chrifts Suretifhip doth put his people in fuch condition , by 
 the power which they (hall receive from the grace of Chrift, 
 as Adam was in, by the power which he received from God 
 by nature *, and this is done by healing our nature, and cre- 
 ating and infufing new habitual grace, whereby he makes the 
 conditions of the new Covenant practicable and poflible to 
 man through the power of grace received from Chrift *, as it 
 was poflible for Adam to have performed the conditions of 
 the flrft Covenant, by the power which he received by na- 
 ture, Phil. 4. 1 5, / can do all things through Chrift which 
 ftrengtheneth me. But this is not all. 
 
 3. Chrift as Surety for man to God, engageth not only 
 to make the conditions of this Covenant poflible (as the con- 
 ditions of the flrft Covenant were to Adam), but alfo to 
 make them Sure*, he undertaketh to enfure his peoples per- 
 formance of the things required of them by the Covenant of 
 grace, whether they be fuch. things as are required of them 
 by meer commands which hold forth the Duties of the con- 
 federates •, or if they be required of them by commands which 
 are alfo conditions of the Covenant, by the obedience or dif- 
 obedience whereof they muft live or die 5 fuch as the com- 
 mand of believing, Joh. 3. 36, He that believeth on the Son 
 hath ever lofting life \ and he that believeth not the Son, jhall 
 
 mt 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 409 
 
 not fee life: but the wrath of God abide th on him. K&- 1 6. 
 1 1, And they faidy Believe on the Lord Jefus Chrift y and thou 
 fialt be favedy and thine houfe. 1 Joh. 5.25, And this is his 
 commandment :, that we Jhould believe in the name of his Son Jefus 
 Chrifty and love one another , as he gave us commandment. 
 
 And this which Chrift engageth that his people {hall re- 
 ceive of him through grace, is much more than Adam re- 
 ceived by nature ; for he had not his performance of the 
 conditions of that Covenant, and his (landing enfured to him : 
 he had but a poflibility to have performed conditions that 
 were commanded him, but no certainty. Now we know 
 that things may be poflible, both confidered in themfelvcs, 
 and confidered with relation to the Agent ; which notwith- 
 standing from ibme other cauie and defecl:, may refolve in a nonr 
 futurition :, yea, for all that, it may be certain that they fhall 
 never be, and come to pafs, as was Adams (landing and per- 
 forming the conditions of the Covenant of works. But now 
 by Chrifts Suretifhip for his people, he is engaged for their 
 (landing, and for their actual performance of the conditions of 
 that Covenant of grace, they are not only put into a poflibility 
 of (landing, but they are put into iuch a certainty by the Sureti- 
 ihip of Chrift, that they are exempted from the poflibility of 
 non-performance of the conditions of this Covenant, Luk^H. 
 $2, But I have frayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. Mat. 
 j 6. 18, And upon this rcck^ will I build my Churchy and the 
 gates of hell jhall not prevail again ft it. 1 Pet. 1.5, Who are 
 kept by the power of God through faith uxto falvation, ready to 
 be revealed in the laft tirre. Jtr. 32. 39,40, And / will give 
 them one hearty and one way, that they may fear me for every 
 for the good of them y of their children after them. And I will 
 makj an everlafting covenant with themy that I will not turn 
 away from them^ to do them good : but I will put my fear in 
 their heart Sy that they fiall net depart from me. 
 
 3. By this part of Chrifts Suretifhip tor man to GW,arid in order 
 to the making the conditions and commands of the new 
 Covenant poflible and certain in the ifTue, he is engaged 
 for giving habitual grace , and for giving actual influences. 
 1 . Habitual grace, Chrift as Surety of the Covenant did under- 
 take to give to his people the immortal feed of God, to repair 
 that defaced Image of God in man, by a new creation of 
 
 Ggg the 
 
+ io Chrtft 4 he Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 the habits of grace in him : he is engaged to give a new (lock 
 of grace to man, who had once before banquered our, a 
 ftoc'K that (hall thrive in his hand, and wherewith he fhall 
 never henceforth play the bankrupt : this is the new heart, 
 and the new fpirit promiied by Chrift who made the Cove- 
 nant, and engaged to fulfil, and to acl it upon the hearts of 
 his people, Ez.ekj 36. 2i, A new heart alfo will I give ygu, 
 and a new fpirit will i put within you : and I will take away 
 the ftony heart out of your flefl, and 1 will give you an heart 
 of fl e fr- J er - L*« lh But this fhall be the covenant that I will 
 mak? with the houfe'of lfrael after thofe days, faith the Lord, 
 J will put my law in their jnward parts, and write it in their 
 hearts, and I will be their God, and they flail be my, people. 
 Heb.8. 6, id, 11, 12. 2. Chrift is engaged, and hath un- 
 dertaken for aclual influences, Ezek. 56,27, And I will put 
 my fpirit within you, and caufe you to wdh^in my fiatutes, and 
 ye jhall keep my judgments, and do them. Ifa. 44. ^ For I 
 will pour water upon them that (ire thirfly, and floods upon the 
 dry ground : I will pour my fpirit upon thy feed, and my bleffwg 
 upon thine off-fpring. Becauie God hath contrived the buii- 
 neis fo, that no created thing fliould aft independently of 
 him, without the fpirit, without influences *, not Adam in his 
 integrity, not the Angels, not the holy humane nature of 
 Chrift, lfa. 42. I, 2, Behold my fervant whom I uphold, mine 
 elect in whom my fonl de light eth : I have put my fpirit upon 
 him, he flail bring forth ]udgment to the Gentiles. He flail 
 not cry, nor lift up, nor caufe his voice to be heard in the flreet. 
 And hnce habitual created grace can neither preferve it felf, 
 nor ad it felf, nor encreafe it felf without influences, there- 
 fore Chrift as Surety for man to God, did engage for actual 
 influences, whereby habitual grace might be afted, unto a 
 performance and fulfilling of thefe things which are conditions 
 or commands in the Covenant upon our part : and by this 
 he ftands engaged, I. For actual bowing of our wills, and 
 determining our hearts to believe, and to believe to the end -, 
 to draw forth thefe habits to acl: lively, found faith, the hrft 
 acl: whereof is a performance of the condition of the new 
 Covenant, Job. 6. 37, All that the father giveth me, fJ-all come 
 to me. Joh. 12. 32, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, 
 will draw all men unto me, 2. He ftands engaged for the 
 
 preferyation 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. a^\ 
 preftrvation of thtk habits of grace, that howfoever they may 
 be weakened, and it may be alio dimnifhed through our ill 
 ufing of that ftock, yet they fhall never be loft, neither fhall 
 the flock of habitual grace come to nothing, Lukj 22. 32, 
 But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. 1 Joh.3.9, 
 Whofoever is born of God, doth not commit fin , for his feed 
 " remaincth in him : and he cannot fin, hecaufe he is born of God. 
 3 . He ftands engaged for our ufmg and exercifing habitual 
 grare, after that he hath freely given it, that he fhall by 
 a&ual influences make us trade with thofe talents, and not 
 fuffer them to lie by us, without making ufe of them. JLzjek. 
 36. 27, And I will put my fpirit within you, and caufe you to 
 walk, in my flatutes ; and ye fliall keep my Judgments, and do 
 them. Plal. 119. $2, 35, / will run the way of thy command- 
 ments , when thou fhalt enlarge my heart. Make me to 
 
 g* in the path of thy commandments : for therein do I delight. 
 
 4. Chrift is engaged for the iivelineis of our graces : that 
 he fhall not only keep them from dying, but fhall keep them 
 in good condition, frefh and green, Pfal. 1. 3, And he jhalt 
 be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, that bringeth forth 
 his fruit in hisjeafbn : his leaf alfo fhall not wither , and what- 
 foever he doth fhall profper, Job. 4. 19, Yet a little while, 
 and the world feeth me no more : but ye fee me : becaufe J live, 
 yc jh all live alfo. Pfal. 92. 12, 13, 14, The righteous fliall flow 
 rijh like the Palm-tree : he jhall grow like a Cedar in Lebanon. 
 Thofe that be planted in the houfe of the Lord, Jhall flourijh in 
 the courts of our God. They fliall ftill bring forth fruit in old 
 age. : they fliall be fat and fiourifliing. 
 
 5. Chrift is engaged for the encreafe and growth of thefe 
 habits of grace, to make our ftock to grow among our hands, 
 to make our faith, love, diligence in duty, delight in God, 
 knowledg of himi'elf, ckc. to grow, and our fruit to abound 
 and to grow in quantity and quality, in bignefs and ripenefs, 
 more fruit, and iweeter fruit, more favory to his tafte, 2 Cor. 
 9.8, And Goh is able to make all grace abound towards you, 
 that ye always having all fuffciency in all things, may abound 
 to every good work*, Joh. 15.4,5, Abide in me, and I in you : 
 as the branch cannot bear fruit of it f elf,. except it abide in the 
 Vine : no more can ye, except ye abide in me. 1 am the vine, ye 
 are the branches : he that abideth in me, and I in him, the 
 
 Ggg 2 fame 
 
4« 
 
 drift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 fame bringeth forth much fruit : for without me ye can do no- 
 thing, 2ThefT. I. J, We are bound to thank^God always for you, 
 brethren, as it is meet, because that your faith groweth exceed- 
 ingly, and the charity of every one of yon all towards each 
 other abundantly. 
 
 6. Chrift (lands engaged for our up ftirring \ when we 
 have given his work in us a back-fet, and brought grace to 
 a low ebb : when we have contra&ed lazinefs, and a numnefs 
 oi ipirit upon our feives,fo that we either drive heavily,or cannot 
 ftir at all in his ways ', he is engaged to oil our wheels, that 
 we may recover a ivveet facility and eafmefs in his ways': 
 and to blow upon us, when we are calmed, and cannot fetch 
 the wind to our felves, Song. 4. 16, Awake , O North wind, 
 and come thou fouth, and blox upon my garden, that the fpices 
 thereof may flow out : let my beloved come into his garden, and 
 eat his pie a f ant fruits. Song. 5.4, My beloved put in his hand 
 by the hole of the dore, and my bowels were moved for him. 
 Song. 6. 11, Or ever J was aware, my foul made me U\e the 
 charrets of.Aminidab. Ifa.64.5, Thou men eft him that rejoiceth 
 and worketh right eoufnefs, thofe that remember thee in thy ways.' 
 Behold, thou art wroth, for we have finned : in thofe is conti- 
 nuance, and we Jhall be Caved* I fay , that Chrift ftands en- 
 gaged, not only for our performance of Gofpel-conditions 
 and commands, but alio for our obeying and performing the 
 preceptive part of the Law : for clearing, of this, I fliall 
 lay down thefe five afTertions. 
 
 1 .The Law,as it commandeth and dire&eth obedience accord- 
 ing to the will of the Law-giver,is not repealed,annulled,or abro- 
 gated by Chrift and by the Gofpel : though the Law confidered 
 as a Covenant, holding forth obedience to the commands 
 thereof, as a poflible way of Life, be annulled and abrogated : 
 See Rom. 3,20,23,28, Therefore by the deeds of the Law 
 there fh all no flejh he jufiified in his fight: for by the law is, 
 
 the knowledg of fin. for all have finned, and come fhort of 
 
 the gloryLojGod. Therefore we conclude, that a man is jufiifi- 
 ed by faith, without the deeds of the law. Rom. 8. 3, for what\ 
 the law could not do, in that it. was weak, through the 
 fiefi>,&c. 
 
 2. The Law which fir ft, commanded perfeft obedience as a. 
 poffibk way of life, may be, and is continued for, other ufesu 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 412 
 
 and ends than for that: fuch as to direct, command, pro- 
 hibit, promile, threaten, and to prove the loyalty even of 
 Chrifts Subje&s, Rom. 3.27, 31, Where is boafling then? it is- 
 excluded: by what law? of works ? nay : but by the law of 
 
 faith. Do we then make void the law through faith ? God 
 
 forbid: yea, we eftablifirthe law. Rom. 7. 7,9, iZ, Nay, I had 
 not known fin, but by the law : for J had not known luft, ex- 
 cept the law had faid, Thou jhalt not covet. For I was alive 
 
 without the law once : but when the commandment came, fin re- 
 vived, and I died. Wherefore the Law is holy, and the com- 
 mandment holy, and juft, and good. 
 
 3. The Law as it is continued, and in force towards be- 
 lievers, is reduceabk to the new Co/enant, and doth more 
 properly appertain to it, than to the Covenant of works: 
 For, 1. It is the law, as 'tis delivered up and put into the 
 hands of Chrift to be managed and ufed by him, for the ad- 
 vantage of his Subjects and Kingdom, by the new Covenant^ 
 and that is for other ufes and ends than thofe for which it 
 was fir ft: given, Gal. \- 19,21,24, 25, Wherefore then ferveth 
 the law ? it was added becaufe of tranfgrejfwns, till the feed 
 Jh<mld come, to whom the promt fe was made *, and it was ordain- - 
 
 ed by Angels, in the hand of a Mediator. Is the law then a- 
 
 gainfl the promifes of God ? God forbid : for if there had been 
 a law given, which could have given life y verily righteoufneft 
 
 jhould have been by the law. Wherefore the law was our 
 
 School-mafter to bring us unto Chrift, that we might be juftified 
 by faith. But after that faith is come, we are no longer under 
 a School-mafter. Rom. 10. 4, For Chrift is the end of the law 
 for righteoufnefsj to every one that believeth. 2. 'Tis the Law 
 as its qualified by Chrift, who gave out a new edition of the 
 commands thereof ( without detracting from- the old) as his 
 Law in the new Covenant, whereby his Subjffts might know 
 his will, which they muft endeavour to obey, Joh. 13. $4, A 
 new commandment [give unto you, that ye love one another, 
 as I have loved you, that ye alfo love one another: Mat, 5. 17, 
 2i 5 22, 27, 28, Think^not that I am come to deftroy the law 
 
 or the prophets : I am not come to deftroy, but to fulfil. Ye have 
 
 heard, that it whs faid by them of old time, thou Jhalt not kill : 
 and whofoever Jhall kill, ft) all be in danger of the Judgment. 
 But 1 fay unto you, That whofoever is angry with his brother 
 
 without 
 
^ T+ Chrijithe Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 without a c-&*fe, frail be w- danger of the- Judgment-, and who- 
 foever frail fay to his brother, Racha, friaH he in danger of 
 the Counfet : but wkofoever frail fay, Thou fool-, frail be m 
 
 darger of Heli-frrc. Te have heard thit it was /aid by them. 
 
 of old ti^e, then fralt not commit adultery . But I fay unto 
 you, that whofoever lod^cth on a woman to luft after her, he hath 
 committed ..adultery with her already in his heart, &c. And 
 this new giving out of the commands and preceptive part of 
 the Law and Covenant of works, did neither derogate from 
 the ibbihnce of the Law, nor from the authority and. bind- 
 ing force thereof, by vertue of the hrft Covenant, to which 
 it did appertain ; but did rather fuper-add a new and per- 
 fwafive obligation, 2 Cor. 5. 14,15, For the love of Chnft con- 
 firaineth us, beeaufe we thus judg, that if one died for all, then 
 were all dead. And that he died for all, that they which live, 
 frwuld not henceforth live unto themfelves, but unto him which 
 died for them, and rofe again. Rom. 6. 1,2, What frail we fay 
 then ? frail we continue in fin , that grace may abound i God 
 forbid: how friall we that are dead to fin, live any longer 
 therein ? 
 
 4. Though the Law and preceptive part of the Covenant 
 of works doth appertain to the new Covenant, yet are not 
 the commands and conditions thereby required, and the obe- 
 dience given thereunto, conditions of the new Covenant, which 
 ftandeth only of faith, Rom. 4. 5, 16, But to him that wor^eth 
 not, but believeth on him that juftifieth the ungodly , his faith is 
 
 counted for righteoufnefs. Therefore it is of faith, that it might 
 
 be .by grace, to the end the promife might be fure to all the feed', 
 not to that only which is of the law, but to that alfo which is 
 of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all. Act. 16. 
 3 1 , And they faid, Believe on the Lord Jefus Chrifi, and thou 
 fralt be faved, and thine houfe. For, 1. This were upon 
 the matter to confound the conditions of the two Co- 
 venants , which are . Hated as fo contra-diftmguifhed in 
 terms, that there is no mixture nor femblance of mixture to 
 be admitted, Ro>n.g. i )t i,i2 y But Ifrael which followed after the 
 law of righteoufnefs, hath- not attained to the law of righteouf- 
 nefs. Wherefore ? beeaufe they fought it not by faith, but as it 
 were by the, works of the law.: f or. they ft umb led at that flumb- 
 lingfione. Rom. 10. 3,4^6, 8, For they being ignorant of Gods 
 
 righteoufnefs, 
 
Chap. XX. of the Cover? ant. 415 
 
 righteoufnefs y and going about to eftablifh their oven right eoufnefs, 
 have not fubmitted themfehes unto the righteoufnefs of God. 
 For Chrift is the end of the law for righteoufnefs, to every one 
 that believeth,\kc. 2. if this obedience to the preceptive part 
 of the Law, which is yet of force to believers, and required 
 by the Goipel, were the condition of the new Covenant, 
 then perfect obedience to the Law fhould ftill be the condi- 
 tion of the new Covenant, forafmuch as the Law doth 'fall 
 command that to Relievers, and it is their fin that they 
 do not come up t<f the obedience thereof, Gal. 2. 21, 
 / do not fruftrate the grace of God : for if righteoufnefs 
 came by the law, then Chrift is dead in vain. Rom. 7, through- 
 out. 
 
 5. Chrifts undertaking to God for our fubjeclion and o- 
 bedience to the Law, is not ib to be underftood, as if he 
 had undertaken that the Law fhould have perfect obedience 
 from us, and in us, in this life : for if he had been Surety for 
 that, it fhould alio have been performed. But by hisSureti- 
 fhip for our obedience to the law, we mean, 1. That he 
 hath undertaken for our fubje&ion to it as a rule, unto which 
 his people fhall fubmit, and whereof they fhall accept, Luk. 
 I. 74, 75, That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered 
 out of the hands of our enemies , might ferve him with out fear , in 
 holinefs and righteoufnefs , &C. Rom. 7. 12, Wherefore the law is 
 holy y and the commandment holy ^andjufty and good.. Pfal. 119.97, 
 O how love I thy law ' it is my meditation all the day, 2. For the 
 oniveriality of our obedience to it, that our obedience (hail 
 be equable and uniform, and that there fhall not one com- 
 mand of it be flighted by h s people, Ewkz 56. 27, And I 
 will tut my fpirit within you, and caufe you to walkJ n m y ft a ~ 
 tutes, and ye pall keep my judgments, and do thetn. Pfal. 119. 
 6, 128, Then fhall I not be afhamed: when I have refpcU: un- 
 to all thy commandments .- — Therefore I efteem all thy precepts 
 concerning all things to be right : and I hate every falfe way. 
 3. For the fincerity of our obedience, that fhall fincerely 
 obey and fulfil the commands 6f the Law, Rom. 6. 17, But 
 God be thanked, that ye were the fervants of fin : but ye have 
 obeyed from the heart that form *f Doctrine which was delive- 
 red you. 4. For the reality and feriouiheis in the obedience 
 thereof, that we fhall labour and work as hard at obedience 
 
 to 
 
a\6 wriji %r.e surety ^nap. aa. 
 
 to the Law, as if wc had not another righteoufnefs, nor 
 poflible way of life; and that our love to him (ball put us 
 on to carry thus, Col. 1.29, WhereunU I alfo labour, ftriving 
 according to his working which worketh in me mightily. $. For 
 our deadnefs to the Law, and to our own obeying the com- 
 mands thereof, that when we work hardeft, and iweat moft, 
 that then we fhall claim nothing upon that account, Gal. 2. 
 21, 1 do not fruftrate the grace of God: for if righteoufnefs 
 eome by the law, then Chrift is dead in vain. 6. Chrift hath 
 undertaken that what fatisfaction th^Law wanteth in us, 
 it fhall have in him, w T ho is the end of the Law : that he 
 fhall iatisfie for our fhort coming, iCor. 1. 30, But of him. 
 are ye in Chrift Jefus, who of God is made unto us wifdom,and 
 righteoufnefs ■, and fantlifcation, and redemption, Rom. 10.4, 
 For Chrift is the end of the law for righteoufnefs, to every one thzt 
 helieveth. 7. Chrift hath undertaken that he fhall in all thefe 
 performances make us fo far to endeavour duty through his 
 ftrength, and be forth-coming in obedience , that therein we 
 fhall be accepted, 2 Cor. 9.8, And God is able to make all 
 grace abound towards you, that ye always having all fufficiency in 
 all things, may abound to every good work^ Joh. 15. 5, J am 
 the vine, ye are the branches : he that abideth in me, and I in 
 him, the fame bringeth forth much fruit : for without me ye can 
 do nothing. 
 
 Object. Since the Law and Covenant of works is alterna- 
 tive, and requireth but that a man fhould obey and perform 
 the commands thereof, or elfe undergo the punifhment and 
 curie threatned againft the tranigreflbrs : how can it be re- 
 quired of us to perform the obedience to the Law, fmce Chrift 
 cur Surety hath fatisfied the Law, and endured the curie and 
 punifhment thereof in our ftead ? how can it ftand with ju- 
 ftice to exacl both ? In this Objection the Aatinomian, the Ar~ 
 minian, and the Socinian concur, though for different ends, 
 and upon different accounts. The Antinov.tan to eftabliih Chrifts 
 dying in our ftead, fo as he performed all active obedience to 
 the Law that God can require of us. The Armir.ian, to eftablifh 
 faith and converfion on mans part, as part of fatisfaclion to 
 offended Juftice : and fo to derogate from free grace ,and Chrifts 
 Surety-righteoufnefs, and to axalt free-will. The Socinian to 
 impugn Chrifts dying in our ftead, and iatisfying offended Ju- 
 ftice in our room. In 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 417 
 
 In anfwer to this,we fliall ofFer thefe confiderations: 1 . Chrift Anfw. 
 did not fulfil the preceptive part of the Law in our ftead, in that 
 ftrit~t fenfe, that we lay he did bear the punifhment of the 
 Law for us : for then fhould all Duties ceale as well as facri- 
 fice and ranfome to offended Juftice, which is contrary to 
 the Scripture, Rcm.i. 31, Do we then make void the law through 
 faith? God forbid: yea, we efiablijh the law. Ezek. 36. 27, 
 And I will put my fpirit within you, and caufe you to wdkjn 
 my fiatutes, and ye Jha/l keep my judgments, and do them. And 
 then alfo did Chrift die and fuffer in vain : for if we did 
 perfectly fulfil the Law in Chrift, then there is no need nor 
 ufe of his fufrering for difobedience, Gal. 2.21, For if righte- 
 eufnefs come by the Law, then Chrift is dead in vain. Then 
 alio Chrifts Surety-righteoufnefs fhould be ours, though we 
 {hould never believe : for what need we believe, if he did it 
 for us, and if we did it in him, which is alfo contrary to 
 the Scripture, Rom. 4. 5, But to him that worketh not, but be- 
 lieveth on hi™ that jufiifieth the ungodly , his faith is counted 
 for right eoufnefs. Rom. 10. p, 10, That if thou flialt confefs 
 with thy mouth the Lord Jefus, and fh alt believe in thine heart 
 that God hath raifed him from the dead, thou Jhalt be faved. 
 For with the heart man believeth unto right eoufnefs, and with 
 the month confeffion is made unto Salvation. 
 
 2. Confider the obedience required of us unto the precep- 
 tive part of the Law( for whom Chrift did bear the punifh- 
 ment thereof ) : and in feveral refpefts it may appear to be 
 confident with Juftice, that even they for whom Chrift died, 
 fhould be bound to obey the Law. 1. The believers obe- 
 dience which is required in his own perfon, is not that obe- 
 dience which the Law required as a pcfiible way of life, I 
 mean a perfect obedience of "'a righteous perfon who had 
 never finned, but an obedience of fincerity that may be in a 
 tinner. 2. Our obedience is not for the fame end that Chrifts 
 fufrt rings were (to wit, for a fatisfa&ion to offended Juftice ), 
 for its no part of our ranfome: but for other ends^ and fo 
 it is not inconfiftent with Juftice to demand fatisfaction of 
 Chrift for one ufe and end, and obedience of us for other 
 ufes and ends. 3. Since the Law is not ch.mged nor repeal- 
 ed, though our relation to it be changed, 'tis juft that we 
 fhould obey Chrift our head and husband, whole will this 
 
 Hhh Law 
 
41 8 Chrifl the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 Law is: Notwithftanding, that he hath divorced us by his 
 f iifferings from the Law, as a husband commanding obedience, 
 as the marriage-condition of life. 4. The Lord may juftly 
 require obedience to his Law from them, even in their own 
 perfbns, for the time to come, for whofe tranfgreflions he 
 hath accepted of a fatisfaftion in the perfon of another } e- 
 fpecially when that obedience is nothing that can lie in the 
 balance, as the juft alternative of the Law, foment the fa- 
 tisfaclion given by Chrift. 5. The Law and Juftice may re- 
 quire both fatisfattion and obedience in different refpctts, or 
 in regard of different actions: for it is not the fame thing 
 which we obey, and for which Chrift makes fatisfaftion : for 
 he fatisfied for our difobedience, not for our obedience } be- 
 fide, Chrifts fatisfaftion is for diibbedience to the Covenant 
 of works : our obedience even to the Law, is the obedience 
 to the Gofpel-Covenant, to which the Law is reduced by 
 Chrift who hath made it his Law in this Covenant. 6. It 
 cannot be fuppoied that Chrifts iufferings for our difobedi- 
 ence to the Law, fhouid put us thereafter in another condi- 
 tion, in relpeft of obedience to the Law, than Adam fhouid 
 have been in, if he had never finned, and if his life and hap- 
 pinefs had not depended on his obedience :, in both which 
 caies he had been bound to obey the Law and will of the Law- 
 giver. 
 
 The third part of Chrifts Suretifhip for man to God, re- 
 lateth to his undertaking for the perfons of the Elect, the 
 former two parts being his undertakings for what the Law 
 did threaten, and what the Gofpel and Law both do com- 
 mand : for he is not only a Surety for Debt and for Duty, 
 for penalty of the Law, and for performance of the com- 
 mands of the Law and Gofpel, but alfo a Surety for the per- 
 fons of the Elecl: : a Surety by way of caution, who did give 
 bail for them all: and in relation to this part of his Suretifnip, 
 Chrift is Surety. 
 
 1. For the indempnity of all the Elecl:, that fmce the fa- 
 ther hath given them into his hands, he hath engaged to loie 
 none of them : he is acted a cautioner to make a good account 
 of all that company *, that however he fet them a warfare, 
 and although he lead them on, and engage them againft 
 ftrong advedaries, and through manifold tentations, although 
 
 he 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 419 
 
 he {hew his people hard things •, yet he fhall bring them off 
 lafe, and bear them through, ib that he may Iky he bath loft 
 none of them, Joh. 17. 12. But is a. captain of falvation to them 
 all, Heb 2. 10. Pfal.66. H, Thou haft cattjed men to ride 0- 
 ver our heads : wt went through fire, and through water j but 
 thou broughteft us out into a wealthy place. Such a Surety 
 was Judah for little Ben'jamin^Gtn.^i. 9. 
 
 2. He is Surety for the good behaviour of all thofe whom 
 he hath reconciled unto God : tor having made our peace 
 with God, he is Surety that we (hall keep the peace : that 
 howfbever we may fail in many things, yet his people being 
 once reconciled to God, and pardoned their difloyalty, they 
 fhall never break forth in open rebellion again : they fhall 
 never take up the arms again of enmity againft God, which 
 once they laid down, 2 Cor. 10. 4, 5, 6, For the weapons of our 
 warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God,to the pulling down 
 of ftrong holds : cafting down imaginations, and every high 
 thing that exalteth it felf againft the \nowledg of God *, and 
 bringing into captivity every thought into the obedience of Chrift * 
 and having in a readinefs to avenge aU difobedience, when your 
 obedience is fulfilled. Pfal. 45. 5, Thine arrows are jharp in the 
 heart of the kings enemies , whereby the people fall under thee. 
 Chrift is Surety for his peoples loyalty, and keeping their 
 peace, treaties, and Covenant with God inviolable, Ifa. 54. 
 9, 10. 
 
 3. Chrift is Surety for the appearing of his people before 
 God, that he fhall prefent them all at the day appointed,and : 
 not one of them fhall be miffing, who fhall not give hi? ap- 
 pearance at that day, Eph. 5. 27, That he might prefent it t§ 
 himfelf a glorious Church , not having fpot nor wrinkle, nor a- 
 ny fuch thing : but that it Jlwuld be hdy, and without blemijh. 
 Col. 3. 4, When Chrift, who is our life (i hall appear, then jhall 
 ye alfo appear with him in glory. 
 
 4. Chrift is Surety for compleating . whatfoever concerns 
 the Salvation of his people, and their redemption from thofe; 
 evils which remain with them, after that he hath fulfilled 
 and iatisried the Law for them, and hath alfo procured obe- 
 dience to the Gofpel in them, 1 Cor. 1. . $0, But of him are ye 
 in Chrift Jefus, who of G^od is mkde unto us wifdom, and right e~ 
 oufnefs, and fanWification-> and, redewpti-on. 
 
 Hhh 2 5. Becaufc 
 
4.20 Ckriji the Surety Chap. XX* 
 
 5. Becaufe there are many things remaining with them, 
 from which they need a delivery, for compleating thedifcharge 
 of his undertakings for them, Rom. 7. 24,25, O wretchedman 
 that I am, who jhall deliver me from the body of this death ? 
 I thank^ God through Jefm Chrifl our Lord : [0 then, with the 
 mind I my [elf [erve the law of our God : but with the fie fa the 
 law of [in , 1 Cor. 15. 53, to 57. 
 
 6. We (hall take a vkwol ibme things which do commend 
 Chrifts Suretifhip , that the excellency thereof, and the 
 matchleis love which fhineth forth in it, may the more ap- 
 pear. 
 
 1. This commendeth Chrifts Suretifhip, that he rendred 
 himfelf Surety, and came under an«att of cautionry for his 
 people, before they needed a cautioner:, that upon the fore- 
 knowledg of this, that it was to come to pais that man 
 fhould become a broken creature, and needing one to under- 
 take for him, he by an eternal tranfaftion and agreement 
 with his father, did fo early provide this remedy, before man 
 was broken and ftoodinneed ofaSurety, Prov.$.2i, Iwas [et 
 up from everlafling, from the beginning, or ever the earth was, 
 2 Tim. 1. 9, Who hath faved us, and called m with an holy 
 calling, not according to our works, but according to his own 
 purpofe and grace, which was given us in Chrifl Jefus before 
 the world began. 
 
 2. This commendeth Chrifts Suretifhip, that he came under 
 this relation fo freely, unrequefted, and undefired, according 
 to his own heart : he a&ed himfelf cautioner for us, when 
 there was none of the creatures once to hint fuch amotion: 
 that in the day when there was none found to help, nor fo 
 much as to think of laying help on him, then he freely offer- 
 ed himfelf, aud faid, Lo I come : take me Surety for thefe 
 poor broken men- Heb. 10. 7, Then [aid I, Lo, 1 come (in the 
 volume of the booh^ it is written of me ) to do thy will, O God. 
 1 fa. 63. 5, And I looked, and there was none to help: and I 
 wondred that there was none to uphold : therefore mine own arm 
 brought [alvation unto me : and my fury it upheld me. Ifa. 59. 
 16, And he [aw that there was no man, and wondred that 
 there was nointerceffor: therefore his arm brought [alvation unto 
 him, and his righteou[ne[s it [uflained him. 
 
 3. The exceeding great reach and danger of his under- 
 
 taking 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 421 
 
 taking doth commend his Suretifhip, that he put his name in 
 fuch a bond as he knew well fhould bring upon him the Debt 
 of fo many broken men, and fhould oblige him to make fatis- 
 faftion for the fms of all the Elect world, J fa. 53. 5, 6, 1 1, 
 1 2, But he was wounded. for our tranfgreffions, he was bruijed 
 for oar iniquities : the chaftifement of oar feace was upon 
 him, and with his frizes we are healed. All we like fieep have 
 gone a/tray, we have tamed every one to his own way, and 
 the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of as all. — -By his 
 knowledg ftaU my righteous fervant jufttfie many : for he (hall 
 bear their iniquities. Bccaufe he hath poured oat his foal un- 
 to death : and he was numbredwith the tranfgreffors. That he did 
 knowingly put his ibul in their fouls ftead, that'Juftice might 
 fmite him, and that the fame etern al punifhment of fin, for 
 kind, that was due to us, fhould be upon him, Col. 3. 1 $, 
 Chrift hath redeemed us from the curje of the law y being made 
 a curfe for as : for it is written^ Cur fed is every one that hang- 
 eth on a tree. Zech. 1 3.7, Awake, O fword, again ft my jhep- 
 herd, and again fl the man that is my fellow, faith the Lord of 
 hofls. The fame fword of Divine Juftice that fhould havefmit- 
 ten us, did fmite him. 
 
 4. This commendeth Chrifts Suretifhip, that he engaged 
 for a party which deferved no pity, for man who had wil- 
 lingly forfeited a fair inheritance, when it was poflible for 
 him, and in his power to have performed the commands and 
 conditions of life laid upon him*, who would pity and under- 
 take for fuch a peribn , who being put into a fair and free 
 inheritance, with power to perform the conditions upon which 
 he holds it, fhould notwithstanding forfeit his good eftate, 
 and run himfelf under debt irrecoverably? yet -in this condi- 
 tion Chrift pitied us, and undertook for us, Rom. 5.6, 7,8,- 
 For when we were yet without ftrength, in due time Chrift died 
 for the ungodly, for fear rely 'for a righteous man will one die : 
 yet peradiknture for a good man fome will even dare to die. 
 But God commended his love toward us, in that while we wert 
 yet finners Chrift died for us. 
 
 5. This commendeth Chrifts Suretifhip, that he engaged 
 for the debt of a people from whom he could expeel: no fa- 
 tisfaftion nor relief of all the debt which he payed for them, 
 that fo potent and refponfal a party joined interefts, with 
 
 fuch 
 
,pi Chrift the Surety Chap, XX. 
 
 fuck impotent and unrefponfal, broken creatures : how won- 
 derfully doth this commend his Suretiftiip, that he came un- 
 der an act of cautionry for fuch as we are, knowing us to be 
 what we are, a people that fhall never requite his kindnefi ? 
 yea, doing all this for us the rather, that we fhall be eter- 
 nally in his debt, and never able to recompence the fatisfafri- 
 on wfiich he made for us, Lnk± 17. 10, So likewife ye, when ye 
 jhall have done all thefe things which are commanded you, fay, 
 We are unprofitable fervants \ we have done that which Was our 
 duty to do. 2 Sam. 7. 18, Then went king David in, and fate 
 before the Lord, and he faid , Who am I , O Lord God 9 
 and what is my houfe , that thou haft brought me hither- 
 to, &c ! 
 
 7. Let us confider wherein Chrifts Suretifhip difFereth 
 from bonds and acls of cautionry ufual among men, whereby 
 the excellency thereof may yet further appear. 
 fr-rto.Good. i. Among men, ufually, Sureties and Debtors enter into 
 
 'onkva 2 0ne and t ^ ie * ame k° nc * w ^^ t ^ ie Creditor (as Mr. Goodwin 
 ■>y a £- * 2 *hath well obferved ): but here Chrifts fingle bond lyeth for 
 all , our bond being of no value, Pfal. 8y. 19, / have laid 
 help upon one that is mighty. .Here Chrift our Surety hath changed 
 bonds and obligations with us, and putteth out our name, and 
 putteth in his own name in the bloody bond of the Law, that 
 the debt, fatisfac~tion and curfe may be upon him alone, Gal. 
 I. 1 3, Chrift hath redeemed us from the curfe of the law, being 
 made a curfe for us. Ifa. 55. 5, But he was wounded fcr our 
 tranfgreffions , he was brut fed for our iniquities: the chaftife- 
 ment of our peace was upon him, and with his ftripes we are 
 healed. He laid of his people, as Jacobs mother faid to him, 
 Gen. 27. 13, Vfon me be thy curfe, my fon : only obey my 
 voice. 
 
 T u(lin. inftit. 2 - Among men, the Creditor hath it in his choice which 
 3. tit. 21. of the two he will feize upon, the Surety or the Debtor, as. 
 
 ehdejtfiorli-he f eet b i t b e ft f or his fatisfa£tion : but it is not lb here; for 
 
 lZ'a Cr qlo the Lord the Creditor hath declared that he wili take him 
 elit joiidum 4° thrift for all : and hath determined that all the fatisfaftion 
 ntn. fhall be made by him : and Chrift the Surety is content that 
 
 it fhall be fo, and that the poor broken creature fhall go 
 free, and no execution of the bloody bond of the Law fhall 
 pals againft him, he being a bankrupt creature, who hath ob- 
 tained 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 422 
 
 tained a liberation, as where there is ceffio honor urn. See PfaL 
 S9. 19, / have layed help upon one that is mighty. Heb. 10. j y 
 Then [aid /, Lo, I come, ( in the volume of the bookjt is writ- 
 ten of me ) to do thy willy O God. Rom. 8. 1, There is there- 
 fore now no condemnation to them which are in Chrift Jefus. 
 Ilk. 53.6, And the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of m all. 
 You fee how the Lord doth adrift himfelf to the fatisiaftion 
 of the Surety for all the debt. 
 
 3. Among men ufually, the principal Debtor ( as we call 
 him ) is firft convened for the Debt, before the Surety be 
 purfued*, and it may feem juft it fhould be fo : there were 
 
 ibme ancient Laws among the Romans to this effect. But it? l f ift ' ib ' ^ e 
 is not fo here ; the curie of the Law, and the execution oiy^l™^™*' 
 the bond thereof, doth not firft flick upon us, and then af- q !um ms , & c . 
 terward upon Chrilt, to feek from him what it cannot find Jo.calv.Lexti, 
 in us: but the Lord the Creditor having aftri&ed himfelf to^'^P ? dr > 
 the cautioner (as I laid before), the Law ftrikes firft upon f^fjf'lfj 
 him, and can never come to ftrike againft the believer, urilefs ve J r } an C t ° g n ' 
 it fhoulct not find compleat iatisfaftion in our Surety, ^Mdiprhdpatem.Fi" 
 is impoflible, J/k. 53.8, He was taken from prifon, and from ^}'#r five 
 \udvment : and who (l)all declare his generation t for he was cut * K a terce lI er ron 
 off out of the land of the living : for the tranjgreffion of his ^ . rius ^i. 
 people was he ftricken. Gal. 3. l $, Chrift hath redeemed us tore principal! 
 from the curfe of the law-, being made a curfe for us : convent 9. 
 for it is written, cur fed is every one that hangeth on a 
 tree. 
 
 4. Among men, the Debtor is the principal Bondfman, and f*&* n ; ti-VJde 
 his obligation and bond is the principal obligation, and ■ the' } '*" vm t lii a 
 Sureties obligation is but an accefhon to it, tor ftrengtnen-^/^w^ „£_ 
 ing the Security : but here the Surety is the principal Debtor, ligitiwus mo 
 and by his bond of Suretifhip he hath changed the nature we* mm di- 
 of the believers bond and obligation, and put his own name at . ! jl * d V ro ' 
 in it, fo as he is become the principal Debtor: his Sureti-^'^ 
 fhip hath fwaliowed up the Debtors obligation to fatisfie 
 Juftice •, the Surety being the head and husband of the poor 
 broken Debtor, Rom. 7. 4, Wherefore my brethren, ye alfo are 
 become dead to the law by the body of Chrift, that ye fiould be 
 married to another, even to him who is raifed from the dead, 
 that we fhould bring forth fruit unto God. And having chang- 
 ed the bond of fatistaction, and put out our -name, and put 
 
 in 
 
4 : 4 ckri ft tf:e Surc *J Cha P- xx - 
 
 in his own, whereby he hath tranferred the Debt upon him- 
 fclf, as principal Debtor. Heb. 10. 7, Then /aid I, Lo,I co-ne 
 ( in the volume of the bockjt is written of me ) to do thy wl'I, 
 OGod. 
 . ib.fr h 5. Among men, there may be a outgiving of fatisfaftion 
 to the Creditor, and of relief to the Debtor, through the 
 contingent, emergent, pclTible unrefponfalnefs of the Surety, 
 is the doctors or the Law do fometimes put the cafe, and 
 provide againft it: fo it was in Judah his cafe, when he became 
 Surety for Benjamins return, and could not perform it, Gen. 
 o-rn-^- - 4; . p. But here it is impcfiVole that there can be a miigiving 
 r '^ kc - ia the iatisfaftion of the Creditor, or in the relief of the 
 poor Debtor, the Surety being a potent perfon, and exemp- 
 ted from all po liability of unrefponfalnefs , and incapacity to 
 fatishe the Law, and to anlwer the charge thereof to the ut- 
 moit. Being one who is mighty and able to fave to the utmofl, 
 PfaL Sp. ip. Heb. 7.22,25, By fo much was Jefus made Sure- 
 ty of a better Teftament. Wherefore he is able to fave them to 
 the uttermofi, that come unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth to 
 mak* interceffion for them. Col. 2. p, 10, For in him dwel- 
 ler h all the fulnej\ of the Godhead bodily. And ye are 
 compleat in him , which is the head of all principality and 
 power. 
 V'- 6. Among men, ufually the Sureties bond and engagement 
 is fcr Debt already contracted at or before the time of the 
 Sureties giving bond, and dually for particular fums fpecifted : 
 but Chrift became Surety 7 for his peoples Debt before ever it 
 vas contracted and drawn on by them \ yea, he gave bond 
 ;';' to fatishe the Law for all the Debt that' (houid be at any 
 ./ time of all their days contracted and drawn on by them: fo 
 * ' univerfal is his Suretifhip, that it reaeheth all pclTble, e- 
 mergent tranfgreffions of his people upon whatsoever occailon, 
 Jcr. 1. 5, Will he referve his anger for ever? will he keep it 
 to the end ? behold, thou haft fpoken and done evil things a* thou 
 ce.ddefl. Jer. ) 1. ; ~, Thus faith the Lord, if heaven aboz 
 be meafured, and the foundations of the earth fearched cut be- 
 neath, I will alfo caft off all the feed of Ifrael, for all that they 
 it done, faith the Lord, heb. 7. 25, Wherefore he u 
 able to fave them to the utter mo ft. 
 
 7. Among men, the Surety being by a Legal fubftitution, 
 
 the 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. 4:5 
 
 the Debtor, the 'broken man, he pays the Debt, but doth Jo. Cdv.ttz; 
 not, yea, cannot take away the blot, evil, fin and unjufticei^j^.P-S' 52 * 
 of the Debtors breach of Covenant, of his borrowing, ^I'tisiu^iil Vr- 
 not paying again: but ftill the Debtor, when the Law is mint % quUbhit§ 
 tisfied, and the Debt payed, he remains the unjuft man, car- &proprhmrbo 
 rying the blot of a peribn who violated his Covenant, in bor-k^/tf, iUi 
 rowing, and not paying again: but Chrift is a Surety yf^V^'alieno th 
 doth not only by paying the Debt remove the punifhment nenU ' ' 
 due unto the Debtor for his unjuftice *, but he removeth alio 
 the blot and the evil of fin, by infufing inherent righteouf- 
 nefs and holinels, by expelling of (in out of its iubjeft, and 
 introducing the contrary form ; to wit, the habit of grace, 
 which no other Surety but he can do, Tit. 2. 14, Who gave 
 him f elf for us^ that he wight redeem us from all iniquity , and 
 purifie unto himfelf a peculiar people-) jealous of good works, 
 1 Cor- 6. 1 1, And fuch were fome of you : but ye are wajhed^ 
 but ye are fanttificdj bul ye are juftifiedin the name of the Lord 
 Jefus^ and by the fpirit of our God. 1 Cof. 1. 30, But of 
 him are ye in Chrifl Jefus , who of God is made unto us 
 wifdom , and righteoufnefs , and fantlif cation , and redemp~ 
 tion. 
 
 8. Among men, the Surety hath repetition of the Debt juftin, nbif* 
 payed *, and whatsoever fatisfaftion he hath made to the Qxt-pi ft quid au- 
 ditor, he is allowed repetition of that from the Debtor*, but tem fi de J u ^°! , 
 Jeius the Surety of this Covenant, hath no repetition of the^.^J^ 
 latisfaclion made by him for his people*, nay, he never in- f ^ 5 h^n 
 tended nor demanded any fuch fatisfa&ion to be made to him, cum eo mandatl 
 by us, as he made to God for us: all the iktisfattion defiredW'"'^- 
 by him from us, is to accept of his free difcharge, and to 
 thank him for it : ]fa. 5 1 . it, He jhall fee of the travel of his 
 foul, and fiall be fatisfied : by his knowledg pall my righte- 
 ous fervant juflifie many : for he fliall bear their iniquities. 
 Who ever heard of fuch a Surety, who payeth Debt, and 
 leeks no repetition of it, no reftitution of his lolTes ; but to 
 thank him for it, and not to fruftrate the grace of God which 
 he intendeth to make confpicuous in his free gift 01 his own 
 fatisfaction? 2 Cor. 5. 14, 15, pgrtbekveofCkrifi co"jha'mcth 
 us 7 becaufe we thus judg, that if one Hied -hen wcr 
 
 dead. Add that he died for all 
 not henceforth live w r •'■• -. 
 
^6 Chrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 them, and arofe again* Gal. 2. 20, 2 1, And the life which I now 
 live in the fiefr, 1 live by the faith of the Son of God, who 
 loved me, and gave bimfelffir me. 1 do not fmftrate the grace 
 of God : for if righteoufnefs oome by the law, then Chrifi is dead 
 tn vain. 
 
 9. Among men, ufually the broken Debtors name ftands 
 ftiil m the bond, even after the reiponfal Surety hath inter- 
 vened : but here Jelus the Surety of the new Covenant, when 
 he put in his own name, he puts out our names, that the 
 Law might reach him, and might not at all reach us 
 ( except in fo far as it is annexed to the new Covenant, and 
 eftabliihed in the hands of a Mediator, which hath no lke- 
 nefs to the old bloody bond ) : he wrote himfelf the Tinner Le- 
 gally, and wrote us the righteous peribns: iCor. 5.21, For 
 
 he hath made him to be fin for us, who knew no fin, that we 
 might be made the righteoufnefs of God in him, Jer. 50. 20, In 
 thofe days, and in that time, faith the' Lord , the iniquitie of 
 Ifrael frail be fought for, and there frail be none : and the (ins 
 of Judah, and they frail not be found : for I will pardon them 
 whom I referve. 
 
 10. Among men, the Surety hath a bond of relief from 
 the Debtor, to keep him harmlefs of all that may follow up- 
 on his obligation and undertaking as Surety *, but it is far 
 otherwife in this Covenant : for here the Surety hath no bond 
 of relief from the Debtor } but he hath a bond of relief from 
 the Creditor. Chrift had his fathers bond of relief to keep 
 him harmlels in that undertaking : he had, as it were, a back- 
 bond, that he fhould not fuccumb in his undertaking, but 
 that when he went into the prifon, he fhould come out again 
 with honour and vi&ory,~ and fo fhould be kept harmlefs from 
 the hurt of the broken mans Debt. Read it at length, 
 I fa. 53. 10, 11, 12, Tet it pleafed the Lord to bruife him, he 
 bath put him to grief : when thou fralt make his foul an offer inv 
 for fin, he fin all fee his feed, he frail prolong his days, and the 
 pleafure of the Lord frail profper in his hand. He frail fee 
 of the travel of his foul, and frail be fatisfied : by his kriowledg 
 frail my righteous Jervant juflifie many : for he frail bear their 
 iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great * 7 
 and he frail divide the fpoil with the ftrong : becaufe he hath 
 poured out his foul unto death : and he was numbred with the 
 
 tranfgretfors 
 
Chap. XX. of the Coven ant. a~j 
 
 tranfgrejforsy and he bare the fin of many^ and made inter ctffwn 
 for the tranfgreffors. Ifa.4 2 - j j4j Behold my fervent whom / 
 upbeidy mine elect in whom my foul delight eth: I have put my 
 fpirit upon himy he frail bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. 
 He frail not fail, nor be difcouragedy till he have fit judg- 
 ment in the earth : and the Ifles frail wait for his law. Pial. 
 1 6. io, for thou wilt not leave my foul in hell^ neither wilt 
 thou fujfer thine holy one to fee corruption ', Pial. I io, through- 
 out. 
 
 1 1 . Among men, ufually the difcharging and performance 
 of the Sureties undertaking ( how willing i'oever ), is a bur- 
 den : Sureties after ftriking hands with the Creditor, could 
 willingly defire to be freed from the engagement, Prov. 6. 
 i, 2, My Son y if thou be Surety for thy friendy if thou haft 
 flrkken hands with a fir anger y thou art fnared with the words of 
 thy mouthy thou art taken with the words of thy mouth. But it is 
 not fo in Chrifts undertaking, who difchargeth his Suretifhip as 
 willingly and chearfully as he undertook it, Heb. io. 7, Then 
 faid Iy Loy J come ( in the volume of the book^ it is written of 
 me) to do thy willy O God. Luk. 22. 15, And he faid unto 
 themy With defire have 1 de fired to eat this paffcover with yon . 
 before I fujfer. Joh. 10. 18, No man taketh it from me y but I 
 lay it down of my felf : I have power to lay it down y and 1 have 
 power to take it again : this commandment have I received of my 
 father. He did voluntar ly fulfil his act of cautionry, and not 
 through conftraint of Law and Juftice *, yea, it was not ac- 
 counted grievous To him, but was rather his fatisfaftion and 
 delight thus to make the glory of his grace confpicuous, Jfa. 
 55. 11, He frail fee of the travel of his fouly and frail be fa- 
 t is fed. Pial. 40. 8, I delight to do thy willy O my God: ye ay thy 
 law is within my heart. 
 
 In the laft place, let us confider the advantages which be- 
 lievers have by Chrifts Suretifhip : which are fo many, 
 that they cannot be reckoned : we fhali inftance upon ibme 
 few. 
 
 1. By Chrifts Suretifhip we have our exemption and libe- 
 ration from the Law, and the hand of Juftice : our divorce- 
 ment from the Law and Covenant of works as a husband, 
 in which refpeel it is now dead and extinct ( though it live 
 for other ends and ufes ) , Rom. 7. 4, Wherefore my brethren* 
 
 Iii 2 ys 
 
a2 q Chrijl the Surety , Chap. XX- 
 
 ye alfo are become dead to the law by the body of Chrift, that 
 ye fhould be married to another, even te him who is r^ifedfrom 
 the dead \ that we Jhould bring forth fruit unto God. So that 
 now the believer cannot be puriued at Law: or if puriued, 
 cannot be made to undergo the fentence of the Law, Jufiice 
 being iatisrled by a Surety, Gal. \. 13, Chrift hath, redeemed 
 hs from the curie, of the law , being made a curfe for us. 
 Heb. 2. 14, 15, That through death he might deftroy him that 
 had the power of -death , that is, the devil : and deliver them, 
 who through fear of death, were all their life-time fubjeel to 
 bondage, in a word, we owe to Chrifts Suretifhip our delive- 
 ry from the fentence, from the p«rimt, from the Covenant, 
 from the terror, from the rigour, from the irritation of -the 
 Law} yea, from the perfect obedience of the Law, it will 
 now accept lefs ♦, and from all obedience to it, as a poflible way 
 of life, Rom.%. ^ For what the law could not do, in that it 
 Was weal^ through the flefh, God fending his own fon, in the 
 likenefs of finful fief), and for fin condemned fin in the flefh. 
 Heb. 12* 18, 22, 24, For ye are not come unto the mount that 
 might be touched, and that burned with fire : nor unto black? 
 
 %efs 7 and darknefs, and tempeft But ye are come unto mount 
 
 Sion, aud unto the city of the Living God, the heaven- 
 ly Jerufalem. And to Jefus the Mediator of the new cove- 
 nant. 
 
 2. By his Suretifhip we have this new and better ; Cove- 
 aant-ftate, wherein we (land : we owe oifc being in Chrift ? 
 and in the Covenant of Grace, unto his Suretifhip, who did 
 undertake to bring about that bond of engagement betwixt 
 God and us : for .if Chrift had not a&ed himielf to do this, 
 it had never beendone : Joh. 17. 2,6, As thou haft given him 
 power over all flefh, that he fttould give eternal life to as many 
 
 as thou haft given him. 1 have manifefted thy name unto the 
 
 men which thou gave ft me out of the world : thine they were *, 
 and thou gave ft them me •, and they have kept thy word. Joh. 
 <5„ 37, All that the father giveth me, Jhall come to me : and him 
 that cometh to me, I will in no wife caft out. 
 
 I. By Chrifts Suretifhip we have our perfeverance and (la- 
 bility in this Covenant-ftate *, I fay, not our being only, but 
 our continuing in this blelTed flate, that we do not depart 
 from God, and utterly forfake him, in a divorcement, even 
 ; when 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covsvcwt. 429 
 
 when we go a whoring from him : and that he doth not cafl 
 us off, and diicovenant us for all that we have done: this 
 advantage we have by Chrifts -Suretiihip," that there can be 
 no reverfmg, annulling, of repealing of Gods Covenant with 
 his people : and if it were not for that, a divorce fhould fol- 
 low upon the whorings.and treacherous dealings of our hearts 
 y day, Pfal £9. \§&$\> 34? 3 5> tf his children for fake my 
 
 Uw, and Walk, not in mV judgment s^ &c. Never t be lefts, my 
 
 loving-kin dnefs mil I not utterly tal^e from him: norftuffermy 
 faithfulnefts to fail. My covenant mil I not breai^ nor 'alter 
 the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I fworn by my 
 holme fs , that 1 mil not lie unto David. Jer. 3. I,'I4, 22, They 
 f a y-> If *> V^n- put away his wife, and fiie go from him, and 
 become another mans, fliall he return unto her again ? (hall not 
 that land be greatly polluted ? but thou haft played the harlot 
 with many lovers, yet return again to me, faith the Lord. 
 
 Turn, O back-ftidwg children, faith the Lord , for 1 am 
 
 married unto you : and I will take you, one of a city, and two 
 
 of a family, and I will bring you to Zion. Return ye backc 
 
 fliding children, and 1 will heal pur backefidrngs : hehold, we 
 come unto thee, for thou art the Lord our God. Jer. 31. 37, 
 Thus faith the Lord, If heaven above can be meafured, and the. 
 foundations of the tarth fe arched out beneath, I will alfo caft off 
 all the feed of Ifrael, for all that they have done, faith the Lord. 
 Jer. 32. 39,40, And I will give them one heart, and one way, 
 that they may fear me for ever, for the good of them, and of 
 their children after them. And 1 will make an everlafting co- 
 venant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do 
 them good : but I will put my fear in their hearts, that they fliall 
 not depart from me. 
 
 4. We owe to Chrifts Suretifrup very much, upon the head 
 of the conditions of the new Covenant', as namely, 1. The 
 poflibility of Gofpel-conditions and commands, that they are ; 
 not as unprofitable to us, as the keeping of the whole Law, 
 Deut. 30. II, 14, For this commandment which 1 command thee 
 this ,day>. it is not hidden from thee, neither is it far off. But 
 the word is very nigh uftQ thee, in .thy mouth, and iri thy heart, 
 that the u. may eft do it. Rpm. 10. 6,' 8, 'Bit the righteoufnefs 
 which is cf faith, fpeake.th on this wife: fay not in 't'hine heart, 
 who fliall a fend into heaven f ' Shat is to bring- thrift down from 
 
 above. 
 
430 Chrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 above. — -But what faith it s the word is nigh thee, even in 
 thy mouth, and in thy hearty that is, the word of faith which we 
 preach. 2. The certainty of a performance ot thele conditions *, 
 that believers have any ground to expert that there fhall 
 not be a mifgivmg in them, as was in the commands of the 
 firft Covenant. Job. 6. 37, All that the father giveth me Jhall 
 come to me : and him that cometh to me, J will in no wife cafi 
 out. Ez*k. 36.27, And I will p nit my fpirit within yon, and caufe 
 yon to walk^in my fiatutes, via ye fiiall keep my judgments and do 
 them. 3. The tweet facility and eafineis which is found in all 
 Goipel commands and obedience, when endeavoured in the 
 ftrength of Chrifts grace. Mat. 1 1. 30, For my yoke is eafie, 
 and my burden is light. Phi!- 4. 1 $, I can do all things through 
 Chrifi which ftrengtheneth me. I Joh. 5. 3, And his command- 
 ments are not grievous. This is the fweet fruit of Chrifts 
 Suretifhip, who did undertake to work all thefe things in 
 us, and to give his fpirit and influences toward the effe&ing 
 of thefe things. 
 
 5. By Chrifts Suretifhip we have our boldnefs in all di- 
 ftreiTes, to lay our weight upon him, If a. 38. 14, Like a 
 crane or fwallow, fo did I chatter -, I did mourn as a dove : mine 
 eyes fail with looking upward : O Lord, I am opprejfed, under- 
 take for me. Whcnfoever any duty or tentation is above 
 our ftrength, when any difficulty prevaileth againft us, then 
 to come to Chrift, as unto one who is engaged with us and 
 for us, I fa. 45. 24, Surely, pall one fay, in the Lord have I 
 righteoufnefs and ftrength : even to him pall men come, and all 
 that are incenfed againft him Jhall be afamed. 2 Cor. 3. 5, 
 Not that we are fufjicient of our felves to thinks any thing as 
 of our f elves : but our fujfeiency is of God. Pfal. 37.5, Commit 
 thy way unto the Lord : trufl alfo in him, and he Jhall bring 
 it to paff. When the Law cometh with any hard command- 
 ment, then to offer to God Chrifi the end of the law, Rom. 
 10.4. Heb. 12.24. 
 
 6. We owe to Chrifts Suretifhip many things upon the head 
 •f tentations ', as namely, I. Our being prevented, that ma- 
 ny a tentation cometh not to our dore, before which we 
 ftiould prove weak : that we enter not into all tentations fit- 
 ted for our humors, Math. 26. 41, Watch and pray ', that ye 
 enter net into temptation : the fpirit indeed is willing^ but the 
 
 fiejh 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. a*i 
 
 fiejlj is wok; 2. Our tending it out, when tentation cometh, 
 that it doth not carry us quile away before it, with a full 
 confent, Luk^iz. 32, But 1 have frayed for thee that thy faith 
 fail net. 3. Our efcaping and delivery trora tentations, 1 Cor. 
 10. 13, There hath no temptation takrn you, but fuch as is 
 common to man : but God is faithful, that will not fujfer yon to 
 be temped above that you are able : but will with the temptati- 
 on aljo make a way to efcape, that ye may be able to bear it. 
 All thefe things we have by Chrifts Suretifhip, and under- 
 taking for us, Joh. 17. 12, While I was with them in the 
 world, 1 kept them m thy name : thofe that thou gave ft me I 
 have kept , and none of them is loft, but the fon of perdition, 
 that the fcripture might be fulfilled. Rev. 3. 10, Eecanfe thou haft 
 kept the word of my patience, I alfo will keep thee from the hour 
 of temptation, which fiall come upon all the world, to try them 
 that dwell upon the earth. 
 
 Vfe 1. Behold, we bring you glad tidings ef great joy, Luk. 
 2. 10. Good news to broken Tinners, who have made them- 
 felves irreiponfal, who cannot fulfil the Covenant of works, 
 who cannot anlwer the charge of the Law themfelves : be- 
 hold, there is a better Covenant which hath a cautioner in 
 it, who hath ftricken hands with God, who hath undertaken 
 the Debt, and hath difcharged it, Ifa.51.6, And the Lord 
 hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. Col. 2. 14, Blotting out 
 the hand-writing of ordinances that was againft us, which was 
 contrary to us : and took^ it out of the way-, nay ling it to his 
 crofs. Here is, in one word, manifold grounds of comfort 
 to believers, and of encouragement to believe in Chrift, to 
 come and thank him for his undertaking, and to fay, Amen 
 to that which he did without our requeft : here is one ground 
 to anfwer many objections and doubtings, if you be by na- 
 ture under a Covenant which hath no cautioner, Chrift doth 
 tender a Covenant which hath a cautioner in it, Heb. 7, 22, 
 By fo much was Jefus made Surety of a better Teftament, Heb. 
 8,6, But now hath he obtained a more excellent miniftry, by how 
 much alfo he is the Mediator of a better covenant, which was e- 
 ftabHifhed upon better promifes. If the conditions of that be 
 hard, the conditions of this are eafie, Heb. 12.20, For they 
 could not endure that which was commanded. Rom. 10. 6,8, 
 But the right eoufnefs which is of faith fpeaketh on this wife. 
 
 That 
 
'^ja Chrifi the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 -—That is the word of faith whichwep/eqeh : if thou flialt be- 
 lieve with thine hearty thou ftMt be fayed. If you ihtnd alone 
 in that Covenant, you do not lb here, Heb.2. 13, Behold, 1 
 and phe children which God hath given me, 11a. 59. 21, As for 
 me, this is my covenant with them, faith the Lord, My Jpirit 
 that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouthy 
 pall not depart out of thy month-, nor out of the mouth of thy 
 feed, nor out of the mouth of thy feeds feed, faith the Lord-, 
 from henceforth, and for ever, it" the charge of the Law be 
 hard, luch as you cannot fatisrle, you have a Surety who hath 
 both undertaken and made iufficient latisfa£lion to the Law, 
 J fa. 55.8, He was taken from prifon, and from judgment : and 
 who Jhall declare his generation f for he was cut off out of the 
 land of the living, for the tranfgrejfion of my people was he 
 ftricken. Dan. 9. 26, And after threescore and two weeks fliall 
 Meffiah be cut off, but not for him f elf : and the people of the 
 prince that fh all come, &c. If you be unrefponfal creatures, who 
 have not only broken Covenant, but difabled your felves to per- 
 form any thing that the Law, even the new Law doth require of 
 you, your Surety is a refponfal perfon, one that is mighty^ 
 Pfal.%9. 19, Then thou /pake ft in vifion to thy holy one, and 
 faidft, I have laid help upon one that is mighty : I have exalted one 
 chofen out of the people. Heb- 7. 25, Wherefore he is able 
 alfo to fave them to the utter mo ft that come unto God by 
 him. 
 
 Vfe 2. Here is a matter of expoftulation with believers, 
 and with unbelievers, and that upon divers grounds : 1. Why 
 do any of you think or lay, that the Gofpel-conditions and 
 commands are hard and heavy ? that they are unprofitable 
 or impoflible ? Rom. 10. 6, 7, 8, But the righteoufnefs which 
 is of faith, fpeaketh on this wife : fay not in thine, heart, who 
 fliall afcend into heaven ? that is to bring Chrift down from 
 above. Or who jhall defcend into the deep ? that is, to bring 
 up Chrift again from the dead. But what faith it f the word 
 is nigh thee^ even in thy mouth, and in thy hearty that is .the word 
 of faith which we preach. Is there any caule to think fo of a 
 Covenant that hath a Surety in it ? nay, 'tis groundlefs to 
 think fo, Deut. 30. 11, 14, For this commandment which I com- 
 mand thee this day, it is not hidden from thee, neither is it 
 far off. But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouthy 
 
Chap. XX, of the Covenant* 453 
 
 and in thy hearty that thou may eft do it, 1 Joh. 5, $, And, his 
 commandments are not grieve us, M;U. 11. <,o, For my yol^c is 
 eafie, and my burden is light, 2. Why fhould broken men, and 
 diver Debtors think to pay this Debt, or to perform their 
 duty, without the help of their cautioner? do you not often 
 attempt this? to. make amends to God for your faults, and 
 to be more forth-coming in your performances, even you 
 alone,without Chriftyour Surety? Joh. 15. 4^ 5, Abide in mz> 
 and I in you : as the branch cannot bear fruit of it felf, ex- 
 cept it abide in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abide in 
 me. I am the vine, ye are the branches : he that abideth in 
 me, and I in him, the fame bringeth forth much fruit : for with- 
 out me ye can do nothing. 2 Cor. 3. 5, Not that we are fuffi- 
 dent of our felves, to thmk^any thing as of our f elves ', but our 
 Sufficiency is of God, Rom. 10. 3 . and 9.51. But thefe did better, 
 who would do nothing without their Surety, Ilk. 38. 14, Mine 
 eyes fail with looking upward, : O Lord, 1 am oppreffed, under- 
 take for me. Pial. Up. 32, 122, / will run the way of thy com- 
 mandments , when thou fli alt enlarge mine heart. Be furety for 
 thy [ervar.t for good: let not the proud opprefs me. Phil. 4. 1 3, 
 / can do all things through Chrift which ftrengtheneth me. 
 3. Why do you queftion and fufpect the Covenant of God, 
 and the grounds of faith and afTurance granted therein ? is 
 there not a Surety in the Covenant, which fhall make it 
 (land faft, and in whom it fhall ftand faft with you ? fo that 
 there is no ground left for doubting and fears, that it may be 
 fhaken, Pfal.%9. 28, 35, My mercy will I keep for him for 
 evermore : and my covenant fhall ftand faft with him. Once 
 have I fworn by my holinefs , that I will not lye unto David. 
 Heb. 6. 17, 18, Wherein God willing more abundantly to fhew 
 nnto the heirs of promt fe, the immutability of his counfel, confirm- 
 ed it by an oath : that by two immutable things, in which it was 
 impoffible for God to lye, we might have a ftrong confolation* 
 who have ftcd for refuge to lay hold upon the hope fet before 
 us. 4. Why do you lean upon any thing, and feek relief 
 from that which God hath not made the Surety of the Cove- 
 nant ? why do you take caution from your own • hearts for 
 any thing -commanded in the Covenant? can your refolutions 
 be caution an4 Surety to God for you ? can your ftock of 
 gifts or grace be Surety for your performance of any thing 
 
 K k k commanded 
 
434 Cbrifl the SHr ety Chap. XX. 
 
 commanded, or fet as a condition in the Gofpel ? Nay, fure 
 they cannot, I Cor. I. 1 3, as the Apoftle ikith , Thefe 
 were not crucified for you, thefe never became Surety to God 
 for you : and if lb, wherefore do you truft in them, and lean 
 upon them? 
 
 Vfe 3. For tiyal, whether Chrift hath undertaken, and 
 come under an aft of Suretifhip for you. This being amon« 
 Gods eternal fecrets and immutable counfels, it is to be 
 found out by the effefts thereof, whereby God hath fhewed 
 to the heirs of the promife, the immutability of his counfel, Heb. 
 6. 17. Then, 1. If you be in the Covenant of grace, or if 
 you be reached by any of thefe qualifications by which he 
 delcribes thofe peribns who are comprehended in his Tefta- 
 ment, then hath Chrift undertaken for you : for he is Surety 
 of the new Covenant , and better Tefament, Heb. 7.22- and o. 
 6. And confequently hath undertaken for all thofe who are 
 comprehended in it, If a. 56. 6, Aifo the fons of the ftranrer 
 that join themfelvcs to the Lord, to ferve him, and to love the 
 name of the Lord, to be his fervants, every one that keepeth the 
 j abb ath from polluting it, and taketh hold of my covenant. Joh. 
 13.8, Jefus anfwred him, Jf I wafh thee not, thou haft no 
 part with me, Joh. 15. 2, 15, 16, And every branch that bear- 
 eth fruit , he purgeth it, that it may bring forth more fruit. 
 — -Henceforth I call you not fervants ; for the fervant knoweth 
 not what his Lord doth : but I have called you friends ; for aM 
 things that I have heard of my father, i have made known un- 
 to you. Te have not chofen me, but I have chofenyou, and ordain- 
 ed yo&> that you fhonld go and bring forth fruity and that your 
 fruit fhould remain : that whatfoever ye fliall ask^ of the father 
 in my name, he may give it you, Joh. 17. 6, 7, 3, 2. If he 
 hath atted the Covenant upon your hearts, according as it is 
 commanded in the Gofpel, and according as its foretold, that 
 he will fulfill it effectually in his people, then hath he un- 
 dertaken for you, and hereby you may know it for a cer- 
 tainty : Jer. 31. 33, J will put my law in their inward parts, 
 and write it in their hearts : and I will be their God, 
 and they fliall be my people. Efcek. 11. 19, And J will give them 
 one heart, and I will put a new fpirit within you ; and J will 
 take the flony heart out of their flefh, and will give them an 
 heart of flefh. Ezek. 36. 26, A new heart alfo will J give you, 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant* 435 
 
 and a new fpirit will I put within you 1 and I will take away 
 the ft$ny heart out of your fiefh, and J will give you an heart 
 of flejh. Joh. 6, $7, All that the father giveth me, pall come 
 to me : and hint that cometh to me, I will no wife cafl out. 
 $. If Chrift hath taken your name out of the Law-writ and 
 curie, and hath put your name in the Gofpel-writ, and writ- 
 ten you bleffed in that little book, or pronounced you fuch 
 by any thing contained in it, then hath he undertaken for 
 you : Rom. 4. 7, 8, Saying, Bleffed are they whofe iniquities are 
 forgiven, and whofe fins are covered. Bleffed is the man to 
 whom the Lord will not impute fin. Gal- 3.9, i$> 2 9> So then, 
 they which he of faith, are hie {fed with faithful Abraham. Chrift 
 hath redeemed ns from the curfe of the law, being made a curfe 
 for us: and if ye -he Chrift s, then are ye Abrahams feed, and 
 heirs according to the promife. 4. If you can go out of your 
 felves, and find in your heart to engage him for you, and to 
 lay the weight of your eternal interefts upon him, yourrighte- 
 oufnefs and falvation, and of all things commanded in the Gof- 
 pel, in order to thefe , then hath he undertaken for you *, 
 for he doth not give fuch a heart to any , but to them for 
 whom he came under an act of Suretifhip : Phil. 1 . $, For 
 we are the circumcifwn, which worflnp God in the fpirit, and re- 
 joyce in Chrift Jefus, and have no confidence in the fiefh. Ifa. 
 38. 14, O Lord, 1 am oppreffed, undertake for me. Pfal. 119. 
 32, 35, 122, I will run the way of thy commandments , when 
 thou fialt enlarge my heart. Make me to go in the path of thy 
 commandments : for there in do I delight : he furety for thy fer- 
 vant for good. 
 
 Vje 4. The Doctrine of Chrifts Suretifhip doth confirm ma- 
 ny articles of our faith. 
 
 As, 1. The particularity and freenefs of election: for if 
 Chrift had the Ele£t given to him by a Covenant, and did 
 from eternity undertake for them, fure he knew for whom 
 he did undertake; he knew their number, and names, how 
 many was in that company, and who they were, Joh. 17. 6, 
 12, / have manifefted thy name imto the men which thou ga- 
 ve ft me out of the world. Thofe that thou gave ft me, I have 
 
 kept, and none of them is loft. 2 Tim. 2. 19, JSTeverthelefs, the 
 foundation of God ftandeth fure, having this feal, The Lord 
 knoweth them that are his. And if the matter of our Salvation 
 
 Kkk 2 ftand * 
 
4 ;6 Chrijl the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 xl upon Gods giving to Chrift, and his undertaking, then 
 t there were none given by the father to the Son from 
 iti ■.".:.; , upon relief of faith or holinefs : for that fhould 
 d ttroy Chrifts Suretiftip and undertak lay the weight 
 
 of lich isfrincipaJ in the illue upon the creatures will, 
 
 that ;e the creature a Surety for bimfelf, Rom. 9% 
 
 llj, \6, For the children being yet not to>-?\ net tuing 
 
 done aftygpad or i& the purvoje of God act t$ e- 
 
 ieinon might fund, not ef worki, but of him that . ckc. 
 
 So thirty it is net cf htm that will-th, nor of him \ 
 
 neth, hut of God thai - mercy. 
 
 2. Chrifts Suretifhip is a confirmation of the dominion and 
 Sovereignty of his grace, and of the reality, efficacy, and 
 irrefiftableneis of the working of his fpirit, and the phvficvl 
 uences thereof*, for if Chriil had not the power and do- 
 minion of our wills, how could he undertake for us? an 
 Salvation were not taken off the ilipperv yea and nay of 
 wiflj how could our Lord be Surety for his people? were 
 it poffible that he fhould undertake, and discharge his under- 
 taking for thofe, over whole hearts and wills he hath not an 
 abfolute power and dominion? fob. 6. 37, All that the father 
 giveth wfj fliall come to me : and him that cometh to me, I 
 will in no wife caft out. Jer. ;C.2i, And their nobles fa all be 
 of themfehes, and their governour fliall proceed from the n 
 cf them: and I will cauje him to draw near, and he (hall ap- 
 preach unto me : for who is th:s that engaged his heart to ap- 
 proach unto me, faith the Lord f Ezek. $6.27, And I will put 
 my fpirit within yon, and cauje you to Walk, in my features, and 
 ye f: all keep my judgments, and do them. 
 
 I. Chrifts Suretifhip is a confirmation of the perfeverance 
 of the faints, and of the certainty of the the Salvation of 
 all the El eel: : for if their perfeverance and believing to the 
 end be undertaken for by him, how can it be uncertain? if 
 our heaven and happinefs be in a furer hand than our own, 
 even in the keeping of Chrift, how can it be but well kept-? 
 1 Pet. 1.4,5, To an inheritance incorruptible, unde filed, and 
 that fadeth not away, referred in heaven for you, who are kept 
 by the power of Cod through faith unto Jalvation, ready to be 
 revealed in the laft time, Jer. $2. 59,49, And J will give them* 
 one heart, and one way, that they may fear me for ever, for the 
 
 good 
 
Chap. XX. cftbe Covenant. 437 
 
 good of them, and cf their children after them. And J will 
 make an cverlafting covenant with them, that I will not turn 
 away from them, to do them good : but I will -put my fear into 
 their hearts, that they flmll not depart from me. Luk. 22, 32, 
 But 1 have prayed fcr thee, that thy faith fail not. It is the 
 Suretifhip of Chrift which holds the Covenant faft with us, 
 and makes firm our Covenant-ftate, that upon no breaches 
 on our part it can be disannulled, Pfal.89. 30, 34, 35, If 
 his children for fake my law, and walk^ not in my ]udgments : 
 my covenant Will J not breaks nor alter the thing that is gone 
 -out of my lips: Once have I fworn by my holme fs , that I 
 will not lye unto David. Jer. 31. 37, Thus faith the Lord, if 
 heaven above can be meafq/red, and the foundations of the earth 
 fearched out beneath, I will alfo cafl off all the feed of Ifracl, 
 fir all that they have done, faith the Lord. 
 ■ Vfe 5. The Doctrine of Chrift^ Suretifhip ferves to anfwer 
 all tentations, difcouragements, and doubtings that arife in, 
 the hearts of believers, concerning their Covenant-mterefis. 
 If there be any doubt with you, about the performance of 
 the precious promifes, Chrifb Suretifhip anfwers it, and ai- 
 iureth that there ft: all be a performance of all thefe things which 
 are fpoken by the Lord, Luk. 1. 45. 2Cor. 1.20, For all the 
 promifes of God in him are, yea, and in him, Amen, unto the 
 glory of God by us. If there be any thing too hard for you 
 among all the commands and conditions of the new Covenant, 
 his Suretifhip anfwers that, Rom. 10. 6, 7,8. But the righte- 
 aufnefs which is of faith, fpeaheth on this wife : fay not in 
 thine heart, who jhall afcend i?ito Heaven f that is to bring 
 Chrift down from above. Or who ft) all defcendinto the deep ( 
 that is, to bring up Chrift again from the dead. But what faith 
 tt ? the word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy 'heart,, 
 that is the word of faith which we preach. Phil. 4. 1 3, / can 
 do all things through Chrift which ftrengtheneth me. If your 
 {landing be doubtiul fmce Adam and the Angels have fallen, 
 Ghrifts Suretifhip aniwers, that he was never an undertaker • 
 for them-, but he is engaged for every believers ftapding,, 
 J oh. 17. 12, Thofe that thou gave ft me,. J have kept : and none 
 of them is loft, but the fon of perdition. Luk. 22. 32, But I 
 have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. Heb. 7. 22, By fo 
 much was Jcfus made a fumy of a better Teftamcnt, If you 
 
 fear 
 
439 Chrijl the Surely Chap. XX. 
 
 fear your our own frailty and finfulnefs, left it (hould make 
 void the Covenant with you, his Suretifhip anfwers that, it 
 mud ftand with him, and if with him, then with you alio, 
 PfaLKy, 30, 33, 35, If his children for fake my Uw, and walk^ 
 not in my judgments .-—JSTevertheU fs , my loving kindnefs v;ill 
 J not utterly ta\ie from him, nor fnffer my fait hf nine fs to fail. 
 Once have I fworn by my holinefs, that I will not lye unto 
 David. Jer. 31. 37, Thus faith the Lord, ,f Heaven above can 
 be meafured, and the foundations of the earth Jcarchcd out be- 
 neath, I will alfo caft off the feed of lfrael, for all that they 
 have done, faith the Lord. If you fear your own backiliding, 
 Tome decay and withering of grace in you - , his Suretifhip 
 anfwers that : for he is engaged tor influences to you, Jfa. 44. 
 3,4, for I will pmr water upon him that is thirfty, and foods 
 upon the dry ground : I will pour my fpirit upon thy feed, and 
 my bleffing upon thine ojf-fpring : and they jhall fprifsg up as 
 among the grafs, as willows by the water-courfes. Iia. 27. 3, 
 J the Lord do keep it } / will water it every moment : left any 
 hurt it, I will keep it night and day. If your ftrength fail 
 and decay, his Suretifhip fhall renew ftrength unto you, If a. 
 ■40. 3 1 5 But they that wait upon the Lord, jhall renew their 
 ftrength : they fhall mount up with wings as eagles : they jliall 
 run, and not be weary *, and they jliall walkj, and not faint. If 
 your legs fail, and your warmnefs decay, the undertakers arms 
 and bofbm fhall iiipply that, Jfa. 40. 11, 29, He Jhall 
 feed his flocks like a fhepherd : he jhall gather the lambs with 
 his arm^ and carry them in his bofom y and jhall gently lead 
 thofe that are with young. He giveth power to the faint : and 
 to them that have no might, he encreajhh ftrength. Deut. 3 3. 
 ^ 7, The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the e- 
 verlaftings arms. If you wanr a ranfom to prefent to offended 
 Juftice, if you be anxious about a fatisfa&ion to God at any 
 time, Chrifts Suretifhip anfwers that *, for thereby a fatisfacti- 
 on was found, and is performed, Job n» 2 4) Then he is gra- 
 cious unto him, and faith j Deliver him from going down to the 
 pit 7 I have found a ranfom. 1 Joh. 2. 2, And he is the propi- 
 tiation for our fins. If you want comfort or afTurance, his 
 Suretifhip is the ground of that, you need not want it^ but 
 through your own default, Heb.6. 17, 18, Wherein God wil- 
 ling more abundantly to jhew unt&the heirs of promife the immuta- 
 bility 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. ^rg 
 
 kility of his counfcl, confirmed it by an oath: that by two imrnu-' 
 table things, in which it was impoffible for God to lye, we might 
 haw a ftrong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold 
 upon the hope fet before us. 
 
 Vfe 6. Believers, for whom Chrift hath become Surety, let 
 me exhort you, i. To admire the love which made Chrift 
 undertake for yon, and come under an a$ of cautionry for 
 you : in every piece of his Suretifhip you may clearly read 
 that which was read upon a lighter occafion, Joh* n. 36, 
 Behold how he loved him. Read a demonftration of his love 
 in every thing which he acted as your Suvety, in every ftate 
 wherein he carried your condition, and in every act wherein 
 he acted your part*, in his humbling himfelf, in his fuffer- 
 ings, in his actings for you and in you. Gal. 2. 20, / am cru- 
 cified with Chrift : ncverthelefs 1 live, yet not J, but Chrift liv- 
 €th in me : and the life which I now live in the fieftj, I live by 
 the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himfelf 
 for me. Gal. 4. 4, $■> But when thefulnefs of the time was come, 
 God fent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the Law-, 
 to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive 
 the adoption of fons. Its flrange that you who feek for de- 
 monftrations and proofs of his love, fhould flight ib great a 
 proof of it, and that you will not read it, where he hath 
 moll legibly written it, Joh. 15. 1 3, Greater love hath no man 
 than this , that a man lay down his life for his friend. 
 Confider more of the peribn who was made Surety, and the 
 parties for whom he became Surety^ and of the motive and prin • 
 ciple that acted him in this undertaking, and of the fpecial 
 reipect which he carried toward each of his people in this, 
 and the fweet fpirit which waited on his diicharging of io 
 great undertakings, that your hearts may be railed to admi- 
 ration : confider the extent of his Suretifhip, how it reach- 
 eth unto the whole Covenant, and to every condition and 
 command in it; to every promiie in it : take it in the largeft 
 tenfe ♦, to fulfil all the promifes to us, to pay. all our Debt, and 
 to perform ail our Duty, to work all our work, and to under- 
 go all our punifhment. 
 
 2. Confider how you are in Chads Debt, and for what, be- 
 caufe of his Suretifhip: Believer s,you .are in Chrifts Debt beyond 
 aH reckoning that can be made, of it. 1. You are infinitely 
 
 in 
 
440 thrift the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 in his Debt, yotffhallnot be able while you live in this world 
 once to reckon your obligations, it (hall be work through- 
 out eternity,, to caft up the ium of this Debt of Grace, 
 ?••;/. 40.5. Mary, O L'/rd my God, are thy wonderful worl s 
 \xh ch thou haft done, and thy thoughts which are to us-ward: 
 
 ■ cannot -be reckoned up in order itnto thee : if I would declare 
 and fpedzjof them, they are more d. 2 Sam. 
 
 7. i&j to the end. Epb. $. 7 3, 19, That ye may he able to 
 comprehend r aints^ w h\ ar.d length, and 
 
 depth, and height : ar.d to know 1 f thrift which paffeth 
 
 vlcdg, that ye fright be piled with all th: fnlnefs of God. 
 Rev. 7. 10, Salvation to oar God which fit tcth upon the throne, 
 and unto the lamb. 2. You r.re eternally in his Debt: you 
 Tnali never be able : • requite hiiTi : nay, though it be yonr 
 duty to ftucly thankfulnefs , yet it would not become you 
 once to think of recompencing him, PfJ. 11 5. 12, What fyall 
 I render unto the Lord for all his benefits towards we /.Rev. 
 5.9, 12, And they fang a new fong, faying, Thou art worthy 
 to take the bcokj, and to open the feals thereof: for thou waft 
 (lain, and haft redeemed us to God by thy blood, cut of every 
 
 kinred, and tongue, and people, and nation. Saying with a 
 
 loud voice, Worthy is the lamb that was fain, to receive pow- 
 er, and riches, and wifdom, and ftrength, and honour, and glo- 
 ry, and bleffing. You Hull through all eternity remain his 
 Debtors, tor his undertaking and engaging for you, for his 
 paying that which he undertook, and for his discharging 
 of 'the Debt to you; yen, and for reporting his fathers 
 difcharge of it : all which* come to us by Chrifts Sureti- 
 fhip. 
 
 1 . You are in Chrifts Debt for his undertaking that, un- 
 requefted, w T hen there was none to ibllicite him, and when 
 there was no neceflity of nature upon him to aniwer for our 
 Debt, that then he did content and agree to put his name in 
 our bond, and to fubferibe a fetisfeftibn to the violated 
 Law, Gal. 4. 4, 5, But when the fulnefs of the time was come, 
 God fent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, 
 to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the 
 adoption of fons. Heb- 10. 5, 7, Wherefore when he comet h into 
 the world, he faith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldft not, but 
 a body haft thou prepared me : then f aid J, Lt, I come, (in the 
 
 volume 
 
Chap. XX. of the Covenant. ^ x 
 
 volume of the book, it is written of me ) to do thy willy Cod, 
 
 2. You are in his Debt for paying ib great a fum for you, 
 to great a ranfome, as you can neither count the Debt wnich 
 was payed, nor the price which was told down* in fatisfa&ion 
 of the penalty which wc had incurred, Pfal.ap. 12, For in- 
 numerable evils hath compaffed me about : mine iniquities have 
 taken hold upon we, fo that I am not able to look^ up : they are 
 moe then the hairs of my head :■ therefore my heart faileth me, 
 Luk . 7. 47, Wherefore I fay unto thee, Her fins which are many, 
 are for given, for flje loved much : but to whom little is forgive n 7 
 the fane loveth little, 1 Pet. 1. 18, 19, Forafmuch as ye know 
 that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as filver and 
 gold, but with the precious blood of thrift, as of a lamb with* 
 out blemijh, and without fpot. Ifa. 5 \. 5, But he was Wounded 
 for our tranfgrefficfns, he was bruifed for our iniquities : the 
 chaftifement of our peace was upon him, and with his ftripes we 
 are healed. 3 . You are in his Debt for the fair acquittance 
 and difcharge which he hath obtained and received for you, 
 when he was juftified in the fpirit, 1 Tim- $.16. Rom. 4. 25. 
 And for his reporting of that unto you, Luk^ 7. 48* And he 
 faid unto her, Thy fins are forgiven. And giving you an ex- 
 tract of it in your bofome to bear about with you, and 
 helping you to read it, Fph. 1. 13, In whom alfo after that ye 
 believed, ye were fe ale d with that holy fpirit of promife. Ifa. 50. 
 8, He is rmgr that jufiifieth me : who will contend with me ? let 
 us ft and together : who is mine adver far y ? let him cowc near 
 to me. Rom. 8. 3 $, 34, Who fiali lay any thing to the charge 
 of Gods elect" ? it is God that jufiifieth : who is he that condemn- 
 ethf it is Chrift that died, ye a, rather that is rifen again, who 
 is even at the right hand of God, who alfo malzeth intercejfwn 
 for us. 4. You are in his Debt for all that he hath wrought 
 in you, from the time that firft he bowed your will to be 
 iieve, unto this day, for every piece of your obedience, for 
 all you fruit,for every duty performed by you, for all the influ- 
 ences of his fpirit upon you, &c. you owed all thele to Chrifts 
 Suretifhip, Phil.i. 1 3, For it is G d, which work? th in you botfj to 
 will and to do of his gcodpleafurc . Rom .0.16, So then, it is net of 
 him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of Godthat fiieweth 
 mercy. Hof. 14. 8, J am like a green fir-tree, from me is thy fruit 
 found. Phil. I. 11, Being filled with the fruits of righteoufnefs, 
 
 L 1 1 which 
 
4i p Chrijt the Surety Chap. XX. 
 
 which are by Chrift Jefus unto the glory and praife of God. 
 Joh. 15.4, 5, Abide in me, and 1 in yon S as the branch can- 
 not bear fruit of it felf, except it abide in the vine, no more 
 can ye j except ye abide in me. I an. the vine, ye are the 
 branches : he that abideth in me, and J in him y the fame bring- 
 eth forth much fir nit : for without me ye can do nothing. 1 Cor. 
 15. 10, But by the grace of God, I am what I am-, and his 
 
 frace which was be ft owed upon me, was not in vain ; but I la- 
 onred more abundantly then they all : yet not I, but the grace 
 of God which was with me. Jer. 30. 21, And 1 will cauje him 
 to draw near ^ and he Jhall approach unto me : for who is this, 
 that engaged bis heart to approach unto me, faith the Lord I 
 I . Believers learn to deal with God in all things pertain- 
 ing to his Covenant , as having a cautioner, whether you 
 be under any doubtfulnefs about the promifes, or in any- diffi- 
 culty and perplexity about the commands and duties of the 
 Covenant. Let your dealing in thefe things declare that there 
 is a Surety: and this doth call for, i. More confidence and 
 boldneis, 1. In your dealings with God, and applications to 
 him *, you need not flee from his face and prefence, as from 
 a hard matter, fince there is a Sirety in the Covenant, and 
 he is content to take of his hand, what you cannot afford : 
 when you are afhamed to be feen in his preience, and cannot 
 be feen where God is, do but prefent Chrift in your place 
 and room, prefent a Surety, and he is fatisfied, Heb.9.24, 
 Jcor Chrift is not entered into the holy places made with hands, 
 which are the figures of the true : but into heaven it felf, now 
 to appear in the prefence of God for us. Prefent him to 
 God, and come to God through him, and command him, 
 in a manner ask and have all your will, Ifa. 45. 1 1, Thus faith 
 the Lord, the holy one of Ifrael, and his maker y Asl^ me of 
 things to come, concerning my fons, and concerning the work^ of 
 my hands command ye me. 2. In your dealings with Chrift, 
 come unto him as unto a perfon already engaged for you, 
 as unto a Surety who hath already come under an acl: of 
 cautionry for his people', and ccnfequently as unto one whole 
 honour lieth at the ftake, for a performance of all things 
 whatsoever are contained in the Covenant ; and do not come 
 unto him, and make ufe of him with doubtfulnefs, whether 
 he will do for you, and work in you thefe things for which 
 
 he 
 
Chap. XX, of the Covenant. 443 
 
 he ftands already engaged by his Suretifhip, Heb. 10. io, 22, 
 Having therefore, brethren, boldnefs to enter into the holtefi by 
 the blood of Jefus : Let us draw near with a true heart in full 
 ajfurance of faith, having our hearts fprinkjed from an evil con- 
 fcience^ and our bodies wajlied with pure water- Heb. 4. 14,16, 
 Seeing then that we have a great High-prieft, that is faffed in- 
 to the heavens, let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of 
 grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time 
 of need. 5 . In your dealings with your duty, and with the 
 Law which commandeth it, you are not to flee the command 
 as the divour Debtor fleeth the face of his Creditor, as thele 
 which are not Law-biding j but you are now through the 
 Suretifhip of Chrift, to welcom every command and charge 
 of the Law, as being in fome near capacity to (peak with it, 
 and to give it fome iatisfying anfwer, Pfal. no. 97, O how 
 love I thy law. Ifa. 60. 17, I will alfo make thine officers peace, 
 and thine exatlors righteoufnefs. 
 
 2. This doth alfo call for more quietnefs of mind in you : 
 you are often difquietted anxioufly, that you do not reap the 
 fruit of Covenant-promifes , and that Gofpel-commands do 
 not find that obedience in you, which is acknowledged to 
 be due unto them *, you have covenanted obedience to the 
 Gofpel, and you are as an unjuft Debtor through the non- 
 performance of your Covenant and promifes •, and this is your 
 affliction, and makes you walk in heaviness every day. I fay, 
 that Chrifts Suretifhip doth call for quieting your minds, 
 aad to lay more weight upon his free undertakings, and lefs 
 upon your own flippery performances ( be it fpoken without 
 giving any colour to flack your hand in the beft and utmoft 
 endeavours after duty ) : 1. Becaufe what obedience the Gof- • 
 pel hath not yet had in you, it fhall have, flnce he is engaged 
 for it, Pfal. 1 58. laft, The Lord will perfect that which *on- 
 cerneth me : thy mercy, O Lord, endureth for ever : for fake 
 not the workj of thine own hands. Ha. 26. 12, Lord, thou wilt 
 ordain peace for hs , for thou alfo hafl wrought all our 
 works in us. 2. What the Law and Gofpel cannot find 
 in you, they (hall have in him*, and 'tis enough if it 
 be found either in the Surety or the Debtor, Rom. 10. 4, 
 For Chrift is the end of the law for righteoufnefs to every one 
 that belitveth. Rom. 8. 3, for what the law could not do, in 
 
 / /Lll 2 that 
 
444> Cbrifi the Sunty Chap. XX. 
 
 that it was weak, through the fiefi, God fending his own Son m 
 the likenefs of finful flejh, and for fin condemned fin in the ficflj 
 Gal. 4. 4>5 5 But when the f nine fs of the* time was come, God 
 fent forth his Som made of a woman, made under the Law, to 
 redeem them that were under the law.* that we might receive the 
 adoption of fons. 3. The Surety hath already iatisfied for 
 your difobedience : it is not a thing to be done, but pail al- 
 ready, Heb.9. 15, And for this caufe is the Mediator of the 
 new Tefiament, that by means of death, for the redemption of 
 the tranfgreffwns that were under the fir ft tefiament, they which 
 are called, might receive the promife of eternal inheritance. 
 
 Vfe 7. Learn hence a necetfary cautioufnefs (the neglect- 
 whereof is one chief caufe of the milgiving of our hearts in 
 . duties every day ) : do not put any thing in Chrifts place as 
 Surety and undertaker for you. Sometimes we take our 
 gifts and graces to be Surety for us, and we reckon that thefe 
 may engage for us, and make us forth-coming in Duty ; fome- 
 times we take our own hearts, and our refolution, Surety for 
 us j and we truft to them -as the people did, Jofiu 24. 16, 
 A'ndjhe people anfwered, and f aid > God forbid that we ftould 
 for fake the Lord, toferve other gods. Deut. 5. 27, 29, Go thou 
 near and hear all that the Lord our God jfi all fay, and fpeak^thou 
 unto us all that the Lord our God fiall fpeak^unto thee, and we will 
 hear it, and do it, Sometimes we take our own good frame 
 Surety for us : if we have at any time fome warmnefs and 
 . life under prefent influences, we reckon thefe may be Surety 
 for us, and that is but to put ibmething in the Sureties place, 
 which God hath not made cautioner in this Covenant, 1 Cor.. 
 *' IO, 31, But of him are ye in Chrifi Jcfus., who of God is 
 made unto us wifdavz, and righteoufnejs, and fanftification, and 
 ' redemption: that according as it is written-, He that glorieth, let 
 him glory t in the Lord, 
 
 CHAP, 
 
Chap. XXf. ^ * a* 
 
 CHAP. XXL 
 
 Chrift the Teftator of the new Covenant or Yefta~ 
 went. 
 
 THE feventh relation which Chrift fuftains in the Cove- 
 nant of Grace, lie is Teftator, or he that makes the will 
 and teftamenty Heb.Q. 16, 17. 
 
 Now becaufe Teftator and Teftament are fo nearly related, 
 that the one is not underftood without the other ^ I muft> 
 here refer you to that which I have already fpoken of Chrifts 
 Teftament, which being largely handled before, we fhall not 
 need to be large in fpeaking of the Teftator *, but briefly of 
 thefe particulars : 1 . What this Name and Covenant-relation 
 imports. 2. What'wasthe defign of this Covenant-relation, 
 3. How the thing defigned in Chrifts being Teftator in the 
 new Teftament or Covenant, is rendred efle&ual by his- 
 luftaining this relation. 
 
 And, 1. Of the name and relation, f*M[xevo* fignifies a 
 Difyofer or Teftator , one that maketh his latter will and Tefta- 
 ment; one who according to his own will and pleafure dilpo- 
 ieth of his eftate and goods, in contemplation of his death, 
 and the leaving his pofTefTion to be in joyed by others after 
 his death. 
 
 This Covenant- relation, that Jefus Chrift is Teftator, im- 
 ports, 1. A perfon dying , or doing a deed in contempla- 
 tion of the neceflity of his own death,, as being thereunto ap- 
 pointed : this relation fpeaks Chrift , under not only the 
 common appointment unto death with all men, Heb. 9. 27, 
 but under a fpecial appointment unto death, for that end for 
 which he made his Teftament, which he well underftood, 
 and did often contemplate and remember, when he* a&ed in 
 this Covenant-relation, Heb.Q. 15, 16, Where a teftament is^ 
 there wnft alfo of neceflity be the death of the teftator. And Joh, 
 1 }. I, Jefiis knew that his hour was come that he frould depart 
 out of this world unto the father. 2. This relation imports a- 
 
 perform 
 
Chrijl the tejiator tf Chap. XXf. 
 
 perfon vefted with poflcflion and right unto fome eftate or 
 goods, whereof he makes a Difpofal and Will : for he that 
 hath nothing in poffeflion nor in title, can difpofe of nothing 
 to another perfon. Chrift the Teftator, is a perfon fully vefted 
 with right unto, and pofTefTion of all good things: for God 
 hath made him both Lord and Chrift^ Aft. 2. $6. and 10. $6, 
 j\nd him God hath anointed heir of all things. Heb. 1.2, It 
 p leafed the father? that in him all fulnefs flwuld dwell, Gol.-i. 
 19. $. This relation imports a power in the Teftator, to 
 difpofe of the things poflefTed by him *, a power of convey- 
 ing his eftate to others, elfe it were in vain to bequeath his 
 tftate real or perfonal •, this relation fpeaks Chrift the Teftator 
 in power and authority, to convey all Covenant-bleflings, 
 which are his own, unto his people : for the father hath given 
 all things unto his hands, and hath committed all judgment to 
 the Son, Not a polTeflion only, but a power/ and authority, 
 J oh. 3.35. and 5.22. And hath given him power i&tHar 
 authority over all fie {h, that he flwuld give eternal life to as ma- 
 ny as thou haft given him , Joh. 17.2. 4. This relation im- 
 ports a Deed which is the fole will, and meer pleafure of the 
 Tt ft a tor, not on/y a power to difpofe of that which he pof- 
 iefTeth or hath right unto, but to do according to his meer 
 pleafure, and the Teftators will to be the devifing and con- 
 veying of whatfoever is his own , and therefore inafmuch as 
 Chrift is Teftator in the Covenant, it is declared that his 
 will in his Teftament, his grace and pleafure, makes the title 
 and conveyance of what we have from and by him, Joh. 17. 
 24, F other i 1 will that thefe whom thou haft given unto me, be 
 with me, &o Joh. 14. 27, My peace 1 give unto you. Joh. 16. 
 7, 1 will fend the comforter unto you. 5. This relation imports 
 the actual declaring of his will, and difpofing of his goods : 
 for a Teftator is not a Teftator, but in relation to the in- 
 ftrument, or evidence by which he declares his will *, to wit, 
 his Teftament. And therefore this relation holds forth Chrift 
 in the Covenant, as having actually already made his will 
 by an authentick inftrument and evidence *, to wit, the old 
 and new Teftament : for Chrift died not untefted, and with- 
 out a declaration of his will, and a difpofal of his houfe, 
 and of his goods, but hath ordered and difpofed all of things, 
 and left us this authentick evidence of his will, Luk^ 22. 2y, 
 ui f **(/ (K yrW . And 
 
Chap. XXI. the new Tejiantent or Covenant. 447 
 
 And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my father hath appointed 
 unto me. The fame word that's ufed, Heb.g. 16, cfiaTifliu*/, 
 1 dtfpofe or appoint by my will and Teftament ; and Heb. 
 10. 16, J PriM make with yon a cove nam, fiM<r*yt.&t ; to wit, 
 this teftamentary Covenant : I declare my will of grace to 
 you in it. 2. What was the defign of Chrifts fuftaining the 
 relation of Teftator in the new Covenant ? 1. That by this 
 relation our Lord Jefus might fuper-add a new title to believ- 
 ers, unto the new Covenant-bleffings , which he would have 
 his people to hold of him, after all manner of the beft fecu- 
 rity ufed among men *, and therefore will not only convey 
 thefc mercies to them by Covenant and promife, but by Tefta- 
 ment and Legacy : therefore he fuftained the relation of a 
 Teftator, Joh. 14. 27, Peace 1 leave with you : to wit , by 
 Legacy. 2. He fuftained this relation, to declare the abfo- 
 lute freenefs of his grace, in the conveyance of Covenant- 
 bleffings, which howfoevcr covenanted and promifed to us 
 condition-ways, yet are purely deeds of Grace, and of the 
 pleaiure and will of God, as all teftamentary deeds are, 
 which are the fole will and meer pleaiure of the Teftator, 
 Joh. 17.24, Father, I will: and Lu\. 22. 29, / appoint unto 
 yon a kingdom. 3. He fuftained this relation for the ratifi- 
 cation of that title and intereft which believers have unto 
 Covenant-bleffings : for their holding, being by a deed of will 
 and pleafure , fo long as he who dhpofeth of his eftate and 
 goods is alive , his will is ambulatory and alterable : there 
 fore he is a Teftator (which takes in the death of Chrift, 
 that his will of grace to his people declared in his Teftament 
 might be irrevocable): fo the Apoftle argues, Gal. $'. 15, 
 Though it be but a mans teftament, yet if it be confirmed ( to 
 wit, by his death) no man difannulleth or addeth thereunto. 
 Heb. 9. 16, 17, For where a teftament is, there muft alfo of ne~ 
 cejfity be the death of the Teftator. For a teftament is of force 
 after men are dead : otherwife it is of no ftrength at all, whiljl 
 the teftator liveth. 4. Chrift fuftained the relation of a Tefta- 
 tor in the new Covenant, to make way for a poffeffion of 
 thefe Covenant-bleffings, unto which his people have a right : 
 he makes his Teftament, and dies, that his will in his Tefta- 
 ment might be executed, which could have no execution till 
 by .his death (typical or real) and contemplation thereof, he 
 
 * declared 
 
446 Chlfl the ttjlator of Chap, XXI. 
 
 u a eefiion of his pofTefiion : that this was his very de- 
 fign, the Apoflle proves, //c&. 9. 15, That by means of death 
 . ch are ailed might receive the promifie of eter- 
 
 nal -nee. Joh. 16. 1 7, // / go not away, the comfor- 
 
 ter will not come *, but if I depart , / will fend him unto 
 
 :. Let us confider hew this defign hath irs accompWhmetft 
 
 in Chrifls iiifhining the relation of Teftator in the Covenant 
 of Grace. And, 1. : Tis unquefhonable, that by this rela- 
 tion, Believers have a new active title to the Covenant- 
 bleflings •, to wit, a ufbmentary title \ they are his friends, 
 and legators, and do hold their mercies as Legacies left to 
 them by the latter will of Chrift the Teftator ; his will of 
 favour and grsc he often taught his Difci- 
 
 ples, to remember their teftamentary title to their mercies, 
 Mat. 26- 2S. and 1 Cor. 11.25, This is my blood of the new 
 teftamenty fiied for many, for the remiffion of fins, &c. Joh. 5. 
 21, The Son qm i ckpte tb whom he w*M. J dm. I. iS, Of ha own 
 wiE begat he us. Here is that title of will acknowledged, 
 and the d^f\gi\ of ablblute free-grace , in the Teftator 
 accomptifbed: 2. The defign of God in Chrifts fuftaining the 
 relation of a Teftator in the Covenant of Grace, is accom- 
 plished, in lb far, as a ratification and confirmation of the 
 teftamentary Covenant is thereby intended : becaufe by Chriib 
 death, the right that believers have by this Teftament re- 
 ceives a threefold confirmation: 1. A confirmation of the 
 verity and reality of it , that it is a true and real deed, which 
 by the ftricleft tryal, for prcht of Wills, cannot be rejected : 
 for 'tis confirmed, fays the Apoflle, Gal. 5. 15. to wit,- to 
 be an authentick Liilrument and evidence, xiKi^autfry, authen- 
 t ;cat urn, confirmation & rat am habit am, Act. J. 1 5, A 
 the prince ij God hat>: dead, w 
 
 of we are witne fifes. Luk.24. 48, And ye are the fie 
 
 things. 2. A confirmation of validity, it is mad: able, 
 
 fo that it cannot be difannulled or , ;d thereafter ; fo 
 
 that no man can make it void, or put any alteration upon it, 
 as the Apofde proves, Gal. }. 15, ':nnalleth, or 
 
 addeth there unto fc'=T«* *8tTfTj Xemo abrcj lenfia que 
 
 rr abrogari cam vim (1 - Hcb. 7, 18, 
 
 Teftament cannot be made void, and of none efo£t : 
 
 for 
 
( hap. XXL the New Tc >Jl ament or Covenant. 
 for 'tis fu&uw (*iCcLtet-> teflamentum ratum, Hefc. 9. 17. Ff rm 
 and fetled,as a pillar on its bafe. $. A confirmation of effi- 
 cacy \ it is made available to our ufe, as our evidence in judg- 
 ment} it is offirength, fays the Apoftle, Heb. 9. 17. ix*a> valet : 
 But the next and third accomplishment of the defign of God 
 in this Covenant-relation, will clear this further - to wit, the 
 executing of Chrifts Tt (lament, by his ceeding the pofTeffi- 
 on. Let us therefore confider how Chrifts being Teftator 
 doth make way for thole that are called to receive the inheri- 
 tance, Heb. 9. 15. 
 
 1. Chrift the Ttftator is vefted with the right and po/Tefli- 
 on of all the Covenant-bleflin'gs : for he is the firfi begotten of 
 many brethren-, Heb. 1.6. And God gave him to be head 
 over aU things to the Church. Col. 1. 15, 17, 18, Who is 
 the image of the invifible God, the firfi born $f every 
 creature. And he is before all things, and by him all things 
 conjifi. And he is the head of the body, the Church : who is 
 the beginning, the firfi -born from the dead, that in all things he 
 might have the preheminence. 
 
 2. The Teftator by his Will and Teftament, bequeath?, di- 
 fpofes, and leaves in legacy the very lame mercies, and Cove- 
 nant-bleffings that were his at the firft-hand, and all treafu- 
 red up in the Mediator and Ttftator, as in a ftore-houle : 
 Lo, iars he, / give you the fure mercies of David, Act. I 3. 
 34. with Ilk. is, 3. 
 
 $. The Teftator dies: when Chrift hath made his Wili,he laid 
 down his lite, and by his death he opens a way, and gives Legal . 
 accefs to his people, to have his Teftament executed, and his will 
 therein actually fulfilled. 1. He renders up the pofTeflion, and 
 by a cefiion yields it unto his people, Heb. 9. 1 5. The Mediator 
 
 and Teftator dies, that by means cf death. they which are called, 
 
 might receive ctsmal inheritance : and Joh-iCj, If 1 do not go , 
 the comforter will not come unto you, &c. If the Teftator had 
 not died, there had never been room nor accefs for them who 
 are called, to receive the inheritance : though in this there 
 be fomething Angular, and different from humane conveyan- 
 ces , beaiufe Chrift does lb give up the poiTeffion for his 
 peoples accefs to it, that he alfo keeps it for the fame end, 
 that he and they after ratifying his Teftament by his death, 
 may live and poiTcii the inheritance together, a; joint heirs 
 
 Mmm with 
 
 449 
 
450 Chrijl the Teftator ef Chap. XXI. 
 
 with Chrijf, Horn. 8. 17. Joh. 14.2, 3. But in humane pof- 
 icffions there is no room tor two to poflefs the fame thin^ 
 by a compleat intire title to if, nor for a peribn that yielas 
 the polfcfTion or inheritance to another, to return to it, 
 without diverting that perfon to whom it was refigned. 
 2. The Teftator himfelf pleads his Teftament, and his making 
 way through his death tor his peoples coming at the in- 
 heritance , and the poffeflion of his goods : I fay , he 
 pleads that to be of force through his death, as a valid Legal 
 right, that they alio may now poiTcis and injoy with him, 
 Job. 17. 24, Father , / vpili that they may be where I am. And 
 in Heaven he appears for us, anchipon our account, in the force 
 of the Teftators death, #^.17.23,24. 3. The Teftator 
 who before pofTeft the inheritance upon his own right and 
 title, does now pofTefs the inheritance by a title fuper-added 
 to that *, to wit, upon our account, as our Attorney, as one 
 repiefenting the Eleft, and having wrought for their heaven, 
 Joh. 17-4) and come to heaven to be veiled with a pollefTi- 
 011 in their name, and for their account : for now he appears 
 in heaven, in the pre fence ef God for us, Heb.9.24. And 
 by the Teftators being in Heaven, God hath made hs fit to- 
 gether in heavenly places in Chnft Jefus, £ph. 2. 6. And he as 
 a fore-runner is for us entered, H:b.6. 20. 4. The Teftator 
 iurrogates his fpirit in his ablence, and alter his death, to fee 
 his Will executed in ail points, and to give real and aftual 
 pofTcfTion of his Teftament-blcffhgs unto thole to whom he 
 left them, Joh, 15.26, But when the comforter is come, vckom 
 I will fend unto you from the father, he jhall tefiifie of me : 
 and Joh. 16.7,8. Which accordingly is fulfilled, and our 
 pofflflion quo ad exequnta, is afcribed to this Executor furro- 
 gdte by the Teftator, and doing his will in his name, 1 Cor. 
 c. 1 1, Bur ye .ire wajlicd, but ye are fanctifed in the nane of 
 the Lord J e fits , and by the fpirit of our God •, the Executor of the 
 Lore T.ft.itors will. 
 
 Vft i. This Covenant-relation does exceedingly tfiagnife 
 the nches of the grace and love of Chrift Jdus 'the Tefra- 
 ror : 1. Thar the kjvg immortal, 1 Jim. 1. 17. fhould be- 
 come a man fubjecfc so inoftallity, Hcb.i. 17. 2. That he 
 ibould a<ft any thing in contemplation of nidttjality, and be 
 a Teftator, even he who was tc fee m cvrruptie,:, Plat. i<5. n. 
 
 wi:h 
 
Chap. XXK the New Tejiament or Covenant* 451 
 
 with Atl.i. 1 1. Job. 13. I. 3. That he who could not fee 
 corruption, yet never thelels fhould die and give up the Ghoft, 
 for conveying a title and poffefTion of life and immortality 
 to his people, Gal. 2. 20. 
 
 Vfc 2. Let the friends and Legators of this blefTed Tefta- 
 tor, know, that your holding is of abiblute grace, and of the 
 meer pleaiure of the Teftator : your right and title is tefta- 
 mentary, and you have your mercies by Chrifts will of favour : 
 you are Legatories, and he is the Teftator, Job. 5.21, "The 
 Son quickenetb whom he will. And yet you are not left at un- 
 certainty : for there is nothing fure to changeable creatures, 
 but what is pure Grace, and hangs upon the free will of God, 
 and the motions of his heart, Rom.^. 16, Therefore it is of 
 faith, that it might be by grace, to the end the promife might 
 be fure to all the feed. Mai. 3. 6, For I am the Lord, I change 
 net : therefore ye fons of Jacob are not confumed. You may 
 fay to him, as he laid to his father upon your account, Mat. 
 
 11.25,26, Ithanhjhee, O father. And even fo, father ;becaufe 
 
 fo it feemed good in thy fight. 
 
 Vfe 3. Comfort to believers in Chrift, whofe names are 
 written in this Teftament : 1 . That our Lord Jefus died not 
 untefted, and without a plain declaration of his Will to whom 
 he left his goods, and what the things be which he left 
 unto them, Atl. 13. 34, And as concerning that he raifed him 
 up from the dead, now no more to return to corruption, he faid 
 on this wife, I will give you the fure mercies of David. Joh. 
 14.27, Peace I leave with you, my peace 1 give unto you, not 
 as the world giveth, give I unto you. Joh. t\. I, Now before 
 the fcaft of the paffeover, when Jefus knew that his hour was 
 come that he jhould depart out of this world unto the father, 
 having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them 
 unto the end, Joh. 1 5. 11, 1 1, 14, 15. and 16. 33. 2. That 
 your right is teftamentaiy, the Covenant betwixt God and 
 Chrift being turned unto a teftament betwixt him and you, 
 the bleflings thereof are the abfolute will of the Teftator, 
 Joh. 14.2,7, Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, 
 not as the world giveth give J unto you : let not your heart be 
 troubled, neither let it be afraid. Joh. 17. 24, Father, I will 
 that they alfo whom thou baft given me, be with me where J am, 
 that they may behold my glory which thou haft given me. 3 . That 
 
 Mm ra 2 there 
 
452 Chrift the Teftator of, &c. Chap. XXI. 
 
 there is force and ftrength in his latter Will, by vertue of his 
 death, that we can bring his Will as a valid deed of Law now 
 after his death, and can plead it with God, Heb. 9. 15, 17, 
 An i for this caufe he is the mrdtator of the neve teftament , that 
 by means of death, for the redemption of the tranfgrejfions that 
 were under the fir ft teftament, they which are called might re- 
 ceive the promife of eternal inheritance. For a teftawent is 
 
 of force after men are d;ad : othenvife it is of no ftrength at all 
 whdftthe teftator livcth. 4. Tn.it he hath left one to execute 
 his Will i that the Teftator wants not an Executor of his 
 Teftament, J oh. 14. 2.5, But the comforter, which is the Holy- 
 ghoft, whom the father will fend in my name, he frail teach yon 
 all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatfaver 
 I have J aid unto you. joh. 15. 26, But when the comforter is 
 come, w ] oom I will fend unto yon from the father , even the fpirit 
 of truth, which proceedeth from the father, he Jhall teftifie of 
 r,e. 
 
 Vfe 4. For Exhortation, both to confider of the defign of 
 Grace that lyes wrapt up in this Covenant-relation, and to 
 iearch into the experimental knowledg of the vertue and effi- 
 cacy of Chrifts being the Teftator of the new Covenant. 
 1. I fay, ftudy the defign of grace which, is wrapt up in 
 this Covenant-relation, as it fuper-adds a new title to Cove- 
 nant bleflings, as it declares the abfblute freenefs of Covenant- 
 mercies, as it ratifies Chrifts will of grace, and as it makes 
 way for our poffdfion of the things bequeathed unto us in 
 Chrifts Teftament, wherof we have fpoken. 2. Search ( I 
 lay) after the experimental knowledg of the vertue of Chrifts 
 Teftatorfhip, 1 . Quo ad executionem, in the force and efficacy 
 of it, that through the Teftators death his Teftament hath 
 been executed and fulfilled as to thee, Heb. 9. 17, For a tefta- 
 ment is of force after men are dead: otherwife it h of no ftrength 
 at all whilft the teftator liveth. Zech.g. 11, As for thee alfo, 
 by the blood of thy covenant, J have font out thy prifoners out 
 of the pit wherein there is no water. 2. Quo ad executa, in the 
 latitude of his Legacies, that nothing difpoied and bequeathed 
 to believers in Chrifts Teftament, hath efcaped thee} that no 
 part of his goods which is the portion of his people, be 
 wanting with thee, 2 Per. 1.5, And be fides this, giving all 
 diligence, add to your faith vertue, and to your vertue hnow-. 
 
 ledg,&c. 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrift a Covenant of the people. 452 
 
 ledg,&z. 3. Qu) ad execnt$rem, hi the kindly genuine work 
 -of his fpirit •, that the good which God hath done to thee, 
 is the true execution of the Teftators will of grace to 
 his people, 1 Cor. 6. 1 I, And fuch were fome of yon> but ye 
 arewajhed, but ye are fanttified, but ye are jn/lified in the name 
 of the Lord Jefus,andby the fpirit of <&r God. Joh. 1. 13, Which 
 were born not of bloody nor of the will of the flejh^ nor of the 
 will of man y but of God. Rom. 8. o, But ye are not intheflejh, 
 hit in the fpirit, if fo be that the fpint of God dwell in yon: 
 now if any man have not the fpirit of Chrift, he is none of 
 his. 
 
 CHAP. XXII. 
 
 Christ a Covenant of the people :, or in what re- 
 fpeSis Chriji is all the Covenant. 
 
 BEfides the many and various relations before fpoken of, 
 which Chrift fuftaineth in the Covenant of grace , he is 
 the Covenant it fdf: for to him doth the father ipeak, J fa. 
 42. 6, and 49. 8, / will give thee for a Covenant of the people : 
 things attributed inabftratto, have a great fignification, Rom. 
 I- 7, The carnal mind is enmity >6lq> Chrift is called the peace, 
 A/icah. 5. 5. And our peace, Eph. 2. 14. This is more than 
 the peace-mzker, Col. 1. 20. 'Tis all the trania&ion of . peace, 
 the whole bufnefs of reconciliation comprized in the Media- 
 tor, and afted by him. So here Chrift a Covenant, is more 
 than the Covenant-maker, or the Mediator of the Covenant-, 
 the phrale imports two things: 1. The abridging and iun> 
 ming up of the whole Covenant in Chrift Mediator y in 
 whole peribn the two parties at enmity were united. I will 
 give thee for a covenant of the people *, that is, I make a gift 
 of thee, to be to my people the luminary and compend of 
 all that blefTed trania&ion and Covenant which I purpofe 
 with them. 2. It imports the commitment of the whole bu- 
 finds (which God purpofed to do with: his people in the 
 
 way 
 
^.54 thrift aCevenant of thz people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 way of a Covenant ) unto Chrift the Mediator, to be manag- 
 ed by him : / mil give thee for a coven Am of the people, Is a 
 defignation of Chrifts work, unto which he was called *, and 
 for the doing of which, promifes of afTvftance are made x$ 
 him in the words preceding thefe *, as if it were faid, I fet 
 thee over the whole bufinefs of the Covenant between me 
 and the people given to thee, that from beginning to end it 
 may be managed by thee : Again, Chrift is not only given 
 for a Covenant i but for a Covenant of the people ; that is, to 
 be on the peoples fide, and to deal for them : for the peo- 
 ple alone are not capable of confederation with God, but 
 Chrift ftands jointly with them, and is gifted of God to the 
 people, to be given back again to God for their part of the 
 Covenant, Pfal.89. io. Heb.2. 13. 
 
 Hence let us confider of thefe Propofitions : 
 Chrift is all the Covenant : or all this Covenant is com- 
 prized in Chrift : or God by giving Chrift, doth give the Co- 
 venant of the people with him. 
 
 Chrift is the Covenant, 1. Originally and fundamentally : 
 he is the original and root out of which the Covenant (prang, 
 and he is the foundation upon which it is grounded : the Co- 
 venant of grace took its rife and being from Chrift, Rev. 2*. 
 16, / Jeftts have fent mine Angel to tefiife unto you thefe 
 things in the Churches : / am the root and the ojf-fpring of Da- 
 vid, and the bright and morning-far. Ifa. 28. 16, Therefore 
 thus faith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a founda- 
 tion, a ftone, a tryed ftone^ a precious corner-ftone, a fure foun- 
 dation : he that believeth fa all not make hafte. ]udg. 14. 14, 
 And he faid unto them, Out of the eater came forth meat, and 
 out of the frong came forth fmetnefs. ft. He is the ancient 
 foundation of that which was revealed of the Covenant from 
 the beginning of the world : therefore God revealing this 
 Covenant in Paradife, prefently after the fall, bottomed it 
 upon Chrift the feed of the woman, Gen. 3.15. And revealing 
 it to Abraham, he grounded it upon Chrift Abrahams feed, 
 in whom all the families of the earth jhould be blejfcd, Gen. 
 12. 5. and 17. 1,2. 2. Chrift is the eternal foundation of 
 this Covenant, upon whom it was bottomed in the eternal 
 decrees of God : hence our vocation and falvation are faid 
 to be promifed and given to us in him before the world be- 
 gan, 
 
Chap. XXII. ehriji a Covenant of the peeple. 455 
 
 began, Tit. 1. 2, And in hope of eternal life, which God that 
 cannot lie, promifed befor the world began. 2 Tim. 1.9, Wvo 
 hath faved as, and called us with an holy calling, not according 
 to our works , but according to his own purpofe and grace, which 
 was given hs in Chrift Jefus before the world began. Eph. I . 
 4, According as he hath chofen us in him before the foundati- 
 on of the world, that we fhould be holy and without blame be- 
 fore him in love. 2. Chrift is the Covenant primarily, and by 
 propriety, as fire is hot for it felf, and all things hot for 
 it, and by participtation : Becaule with him was the Cove- 
 nant made as the chief party :, with believers it was made in 
 iubordination to him : with him it was made at the fir ft 
 hand *, with us at the fecond hand : with him it was made 
 for himfelf; with us it was only made for him: therefore 
 'tis his Covenant by propriety *, and ours only by participa- 
 tion : and therefore all the promifes are made firft to him, 
 and fulfilled firft to hirn ; and all the acls of Gods love ter- 
 minate firft upon him, and come at us only in the fecond room, 
 and at the fecond hand, J fa' 59. 21, As for me, this is my 
 Covenant with them, faith the Lord : My fpirit that is upon 
 thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, f all not 
 depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy feed, nor 
 out of the mouth of thy feeds feed, faith thi Lord, from hence- 
 forth, and for eve*. Pial. 89. $, n, } have made a covenant 
 with my chofen ', / have fworn unto David my fervant.——Ne- * 
 verthelefs, my loving-kjndnefs will J not utterly take from him, 
 nor fufjer my faithfulnefs to fail. [fa. 5$. 3, And I will ma\e 
 an everlafting covenant with you, even the fure mercies of Da- 
 vid. Eph. 1. 1, Bleffed be the God and Father of our Lord 
 Jefus, who hath blefjcd us with allfpiritual bleffings in heavenly 
 places in Chrifi. 3. Chrift is the Covenant eminently, becaule 
 he is the chief blefting of the Covenant ; there being not 
 luch another promife and girt in ail the bundle of promifes 
 contained in the Covenant *, therefore is he fpoken of by 
 Of eminence, as being that tranfeendent gift ol God, 
 matchlefs efTett of Gods love, befides which there is not an- 
 other the like, J oh. 4. 10, Jefus an [were d and [aid unto her*, 
 If thou knewefi the gift of God> and who it is that faith unto 
 thee, give me to drink z jon. V- T o, For God fo loved the world, 
 that he gave his only begotten Son , that whojoever believcth in 
 
 „ him, 
 
456 Chrifi a Covenant* ft he people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 him, ftwuldnot perifl),but have overlaying life. He is the racft 
 precious ftone in all the Jewel, Mat. \\. 44,45. AH other 
 things in the Covenant, Righteouihefs, Life, Pardon, Peace,&c. 
 are but the garnifh of this Jewel, Song. 5. 10, My beloved i; 
 white and ruddy , the chief eft among ten thoufand. He is the 
 molt iweet and ripeft Berry in all the ch:fter of Proiniies 
 which grow together in the Covenant - ? nay, he is the cluft- 
 cr himillf, Song. 1. 14, Jlfy beloved is unto me as a clufter 
 of camphire in the vineyards of Engedi. Rom. 8. $2, He that 
 [pared not his oven Sen , but delivered him up for hs all \ how 
 Jhall he not with him alfo freely give hs ak things ? He is 
 the faireft and moft bright-fhining ftar in all that conftd- 
 lation, Rev. 22. 16, The bright and morning- ftar. He is the 
 faireft ftone in all the building, none like unto him, Jfa-2$. 
 16, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation, a ftone, a tried 
 ftone, a precious corner- ftone, a fare foundation. 1 Pet. 2. 4, 
 To whom coming as unto a living ftone, difallowed indeed of 
 men, hut chofen of Cod,, and precious. Pfal. Ii8.22, The ftone 
 which the builders refufed, is become the head- ftone of the cor- 
 ner. He is the faireft tree in all the garden of God, like 
 the tree of Life in the midft of Eden, Song. 2. 3, As- the ap- 
 ple tree among the trees of the weed, fo is my beloved, amon<r 
 the fons. Rev. 22. 2, In the midft of the ftreets of it, and of ei- 
 ther fide of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare 
 twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month : 
 and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the na- 
 tions. 
 
 4. Chrift is the Covenant virtually, or equivalently : he is 
 the juft value of all the bargain : he is of as much worth as 
 all that is promifed and contracted to believers in the Co- 
 venant of grace \ lb that if the value of it were asked, how 
 much is it worth ? it could not be anfwered otherwiie, than 
 fo, Tis of as much value as Chriftis : and when the Promi- 
 ses are fulfilled to the utmeft, they amount not beyond the 
 giving of Chrift to believers, Joh. 1.12, But as many as re- 
 ceived him, to them gave he power to become the fons of God, even to 
 them that believe on his nave. Col. 1. 27, Which u, Chrift in 
 yon the hope of glory. Col. 5. 11. Chrift is all. 
 
 5. Chrift is the Cow-went exemplar ily, the very fample and 
 firft pattern o»' the Covenant, and of the defign of grace 
 
 carried 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrift aCovtnant of the peopk. 457 
 
 carried on by the Covenant, was in the union of the two na- 
 tures in Chrift the Mediators perfon : For confider, I pray, 
 the great deGgn of favour carried on by the Covenant of 
 grace, is an union of man with God, a reftoring of man to 
 the firft ftate of friendfhip with God, and in Chrifl: Me- 
 diator •, his perfon was the famplar and original pattern of all 
 the bufmels; to wit, 1. Of Gods infinite <?ondefcenfion and 
 ftooping lb far towards a nearnels, a union with man, 
 Thd. 2. 6,7, Who being in the form of God, thought it no rob- 
 bery to be equal with God : but made himfelf of no reputation, and 
 took^ upon him the form of a fervant, and was made in the like- 
 nefs of men. 2. Of the unipeakable exaltation of our nature 
 toward an union with God, Heb.2. 11, 16, For verily he 
 took^ not on him the nature of Angels, but he tcol^ on him the 
 feed of Abraham. For which caufe he is net aftamed to call 
 them brethren, 3. Of the union and conjunction of God and 
 man, which is .the refult of Gods condelcenfion, and our ex- 
 altation, and which is the fummary of the.fecond Covenant, 
 Mat, 1.23, Immanuel, which being interpreted, is, God withtu. 
 Rev. 2 1. 3, And God him f elf fn all be with them, and be their 
 God. So then, Chrift is the Covenant in this refpeel: alio, 
 the firft famplar of the union and agreement of the parties 
 covenanting, Eph. 2. 14, For he is our peace, who hath made 
 both one. Zech. 6. 1 3, And the counfel of ye ace Jhall be between 
 them both. 
 
 6. Chrift is the Covenant comprehenfively or fummarily : he 
 is the very compound or abridgment of the Covenant : in the 
 Mediators perfon there is a little fum of the whole Cove- 
 nant : Confider this , how the parties, articles, mutual ftipu- 
 lations, promifes, properties and bleflings of the Covenant, 
 are all fome way abridged in Chrift, and fummed up in his 
 perfon. And, 1. Chrift is all the parties of the Covenant 
 of grace, or rather both the parties are comprehended in j 
 the Mediators perfon : he is both the parties in three re- 
 fpetts *, 1 . Becaufe of the union of the two natures in his 
 blefTed perfon: he is God-man, God made manifeft in the flefli, 
 1 Tim, 3. 16. Who took not upon him our nature in its pri- 
 mitive innocency and virgin integrity ; But came in the like- 
 nefs of fmful flefl), Rom. 8. 3. He took upon him the nature 
 of fallen man, but fan&ified for and by the union with the 
 
 N n n divine 
 
45 8 . Chrift a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 divine nature, Luk. 1.35. Heb.-j.26. And fo he is both 
 the parties, the Covenant being betwixt God and man, not 
 innocent, but fallen man, yet believing and renewed man. 
 2. Becaule the peribn who is Mediator, is upon both fides 
 of the Covenant: as being one with the Father and holy 
 Ghoft, he is on Gods fide of the Covenant, 1 Job. 5. 7, For 
 there are three that bear record in heaven, the father, the word, 
 and the holy Ghoft: and thefe three are one. 2 Cor. 9.1$, 
 Whiles by the experiment of this miniftration they glorife God 
 for your profeffed fub)et~lion unto the Gofpel of Chrift. And as 
 he is one with us, he is on our fide of the Covenant, Heb. 
 2. H, 13, For both he that fanftifeth, and they who are fancti- 
 fed, are all of one : for which caufe he is not aframed to call 
 
 them brethren. Behold I , and the children which God hath 
 
 given me. 3. He is not only upon bath fides. of. the Cove- 
 nant ; but he contracts for both the parties, carrying the re* 
 lation of a party, both upward to God, and downward to 
 us .* he treateth and covenanteth for God with us *, and he treat- 
 eth and covenanteth for us with God , which upon the mat- 
 ter is to carry, as having the reprefentation and film of both 
 parties in his perfon, 2 Cor. 5. 19, To wit , that God was in 
 Chrift, reconciling the world unto himfelf Heb. 2. 13, ISehold 
 /, and the children which God hath given me. And as it is 
 laid of Jacobs reprefenting the people that came out of his 
 !oins r , Hof. 12.4, He found him in Bethel, and there he fpake with 
 iU : So it may be faid of Chrifts reprefenting his people, for 
 God fpoke with us in him. 
 
 2. The ium of all the articles of the Covenant is in Chrift:: 
 Confider, I pray, what is thefum of the Articles *, even this, 
 1 will be your God, and ye jhall be my people : you find the 
 articles of the Covenant frequently fummed up in thefe two 
 words, Ez,ek. 37.25. Rev.2\. 3. Now this is in Chrift Je- 
 ius, 1. In regard of the conjunction of relations in him* 7 
 to wit, God owning the people, and the people owning him 
 he being the only perfon in heaven or earth, who doth bear 
 or is capable to bear the relation of God towards the people *, 
 and again, of the people towards God , for he is God with 
 ui, Mat. 1.23. He is God and the people united ana 
 owning one another •, and in fome things he doth reprefent 
 and carry forth God to us as ours, 2 Cor, 5* 19. And in 
 
 other 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrijl a Covenant of the people. 450 
 
 other things he doth reprefent and carry in the people of 
 God, and preient them before him as his own people, Heb, 
 9.24. and 2. 13. Eph. 2. 6. 2, In regard of caufality : (for 
 although Chrift be not the caufe of Gods love to the Eiecls 
 but the effect thereof, Joh. 3.16: yet he is the caufe of the 
 effe&s and acts whereby it runneth forth towards us.) 
 Chrift is the bottom of the relation betwixt God and his 
 people : for by his taking a -new Covenant-right unto God 
 as his God and Father by Covenant, he did lay the founda- 
 tion of Gods being our God by Covenant, and of our be- 
 ing the people of God by Covenant *, which had never been, 
 were it not for Chrifts new Covenant-right, Pfal.%9. 26, 
 He Jhall cry unto me, Thou art my father, my God, and the 
 roc\of my fahation. Gal. 4. 6, And becaufe ye are Jons, God 
 bath fent forth the fpirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, 
 Abba, Father. Heb. I- 5, for^ unto which of the Angels [aid 
 he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee ? 
 and again, 1 will be to him a father, and he Jhall be to me a 
 Con. 3. In regard of conveyance, or of the manner and wa^ 
 how we have accefs to this priviledg and Covenant-ftate, to 
 have God to be our God : God is our God in Chrift, and 
 we are Gods people in and through Chrift : and without an 
 exiftence in Chrift, and union with him, God is not ours, 
 neither are we his, Eph. 2. 12, That at that time ye were with- 
 out Chrift, being aliens from the commonwealth of Ifrael, and 
 ftrangcrs from the covenant of promife y having no hope, and 
 without God in the world. For Covenant-relations, as well as 
 bleflings, come to us through Chrift : we come to God in 
 Chrift, and God cometh to us, and becometh ours in him, 
 2 Cor. 5. 1 9, To wit, that God was in Chrift, reconciling the 
 world unto himfelf. Heb. 7. 25, Wherefore he is able alfo to favb 
 them to the uttermoft that come unto God by him, feeing he ever 
 liueth to make intereeffwn for them. 
 
 3. The iiirn of the mutual ftipulation is in Chrift: there 
 are ibme mutual conditions and ftipulations in this as in 0- 
 ther Covenants. But Chrift may be well . called~4&e_ whole 
 ^fti£ulaiion : 1. Becaufe 'tisHRe who obtaineth the confent of 
 both parties, and receiveth in their Amen to that blefTed 
 tranfattion of fnendfhip and union, the confent of the one 
 from everlafting, Prov, 8.22, 23, 30. with 2 Tim. 1.9. Tit- 
 
 Nnn 2 1.2. 
 
*{ Chrijl a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII, 
 
 1.2: and of the other whet ieve, Joh.6. 37. Rtv.n* 
 
 :-, :. ^. Beca n to him, to be 
 
 fulfilled on both hini •, it upon Gods fide, 
 
 For he is the perfon mm 1 Pent to : all that God 
 
 Kad promiild to his people, 1^ 1. '9, 70, -72, 7i , -4, ^i 
 hath raifed up an horn of fa or us, in the houfe of his 
 
 ferva>;t David, as he fpah by the mouth of his holy prophets, 
 which have bun fince the world began : to perform the mercy 
 premifed to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant, the 
 oath which he fware to our father Abraham, that he would 
 grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hands of our 
 enemies, might ferve him without fear. By him it was fulfil- 
 led upon our part \ for he is the peribn upon whom our help 
 Bras laid, even to perform whatsoever is required of us by 
 the Covenant; Pfal. 89. 17, 19, For thou art the glory of their 
 
 ftrength. Then thou fake ft in vifion to thy holy one, and 
 
 faidft, 1 have laid help upon one that is mighty. $ . Becaufe upon 
 * rhe matter, Chrift is the very thing which is mutually ftipu- 
 lated upon both Gdes : Confidcr 1 pray, God ftipulates to 
 give us Chrift, and that is the fum of what he ftipulates, 
 If a. 55. 3,4, Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and 
 your foul frail live : and I will make an everlafting covenant 
 with you, even the fure mercies of David. Behold, I have giv- 
 en him for a witnefs to the people, a leader and commander to 
 the people. And again, we reftipulate to give Chrift to God 
 for all that the Covenant requires of us, 1 Cor. I. $0, But 
 of him are ye in Chrift Jefus, who of God is made unto hs wif- 
 dom, and right ccufnefs, and fandifcation, and redemptun. Phil, 
 ;. 9, And be found in him, not having mine own right eoufnefs, 
 which is of the law, but that which is through tioe faith of 
 Chrift, the right eoufneft which is of God by faith. For this 
 is the nature of the Goipel-Covenant, it craveth conditions 
 and duties from us, but filleth the hand w;:h Chrift, where- 
 with to pay the maftsrs rent: and we do anfwer all that is 
 craved with Chrift, which maketh the craving gentle, Ifa/~o. 
 1 7, I will alfo mate thine off.cers peace, and thine exactors rightc- 
 oufnefs, 
 
 4. Chrift is the film of all the promifes and bleflings of 
 the Covenant, 7/1?. 42. 6, And give thee for a covenam of the 
 people, for alight of the Gentiles- This doth appear, 1. From 
 
 the 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrifl ^Covenant of the people. 46 1 
 
 the fiift difcovery of this Covenant, which had but one pro- 
 mile in it, and that was the promife of Chrifl, Gen. 1. 15, 
 The feed of the woman. 2. This appears fr cm Gods explica- 
 ting the fum of the piomifes and Covenant, when it was 
 more .explicitely rulcl forth to be Chriil gifted to his people, 
 Gen. 12, 5, And in thee jhall all families of the earth be 
 blejfcd. lfa. 55. 3,4, And I mil make an ever la fling covenant 
 with you-, even the fure mercies of David. Behold, I have 
 given him for a witnefs to the people. 5. This appears from 
 the holy Ghofls accounting Chriils coming to be the perform- 
 ing of the whole Covenant and promifes, Luk* -i. <*y, 72, 73, 
 And hath raifed up an horn of falvation for us, in the houfe 
 of his fervant David : To perform the mercy promifed to our 
 fathers, and to remember his holy covenant, the oath which he 
 fware to our father Abraham, &c. 
 
 5. Chriil is the fum of all the properties of the Cove- 
 nant, not only becaufe whatfoever thefe properties fpeak 
 forth of the nature of that tranfa&ion that is to be found 
 in him} but alfo, and chiefly, becaufe Chrifl is the founda- 
 tion of all thefe properties } as may appear by a fhort recapi^ 
 tulation of the particular properties thereof, which are all 
 comprifed in Chrifl. And, 1. The freenefs of the Covenant 
 is comprifed in him. The Covenant of grace is free : 
 and indeed Chrifl is a free Chrifl, or Chrifl freely given to 
 his people is the fum of the free Covenant, Joh. 3. 16, For 
 God fo loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, 
 that whofoever believeth in him, fhoitld not perijh, but have e- 
 vcrlafling life. Joh. 4. 10, Jefus anfwered and f aid unto her, 
 If thou knewefl the gift of God, and who it is that faith unto 
 thee, Give me to drinkj, thou wouldfl have asked of him, and he 
 would have given thee living-water, lfa. 42. 6, And give thee 
 for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. Rom. 
 8. $2, He that fpared not his own Son: but delivered him up 
 for us all : how frail he not with him alfo freely give, us- all 
 things ? Yea, 'tis in and for Chrifl that the Covenant is a 
 free Covenant : for the fame righteoufnefs, and life, and Co- 
 venant- bleflings which are freely promifed and offered to us, 
 at the firfl hand were purchafed by Chrifl, and a fatisfacli- 
 on given to the juflice of God for them} and becaufe he pay- 
 ed a price for them, therefore they are free gifts to us: he 
 
 made 
 
*.g 2 thrift a Covenant of the people* Chap. XXII. 
 
 made all Covenant-mercies free to us by Covenant, becaufe 
 they were bought by him, in the Covenant that was made 
 between God and Chrift, If*. 53. io, 11, 12, Tet it pleafed 
 the Lord to briiife him: he hath put him to grief: when thou 
 flalt m.ike his foul an offering for fin, he ftiall fee his feed, he 
 flail prolong his days, and the pie afire of the Lord flail profper 
 in his hand. He flail fee of the travel of his foul, and flail 
 be (ati s fed : by his kjmvledg flail my righteous fcrvant flfiifie 
 many : for he flail bear their iniquities. Therefore will I di- 
 vide him a portion with the great, and he flail divide the fpoil 
 with the ftrong : becaufe he hath poured out his foul unto death ; 
 and he was numbred with the tranfgrejfors, and he bare the fin 
 of many , and made interceffion for the tranfgreffors. Joh. 17. 4, 
 5, I have glorified thee on the earth : I have finiflied the wor\ 
 which thou gave fl me to do. And now, O father, glorifie thou 
 me with thine own felf, with the glory which I had with thee 
 before the world was* I do not fay that Chrift was the caufe 
 of Gods eternal tranfa&ion which he purpofed in himfelf *, 
 but that he is the caufe of thefe effects of Covenant-graces, 
 which come freely to us for his fake, who bought them with 
 a great price, 1 Pet. 1. 19,20, 21, But with the precious blood 
 ef Chrift, as of a lamb without blemifl , without fpot. Who 
 verily was fore- ordained before the foundation of the world, but 
 was manifeft in thefe laft times for you who by him do believe 
 in God that raifed him up from the dead, and gave him glory, 
 that your faith and, hope might be in God. 
 
 2. The evcrlaftingnefs of the Covenant is comprized in 
 Chrift : the Covenant is an everlafting Covenant *, and he is 
 God everlafting, yea, an everlafting Mediator, who was fet 
 up from everlafting, and fhall endure to everlafting, I fa. 9. 6, 
 For unto us a child is born, unto us a fon is gtven, and the 
 government flail be upon his floulders, and his na'^e flail be 
 called wonderful comcellor, the mighty God, the everlafting fa- 
 ther, the pr'mce of peace. Prov. 8. 25, / was fet up from ever- 
 lafting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. Heb. 7.25, 
 Wherefore he is able alfo to fave them to the uttermoft that come 
 unto God by him, feeing he ever liveth to make interceffion for 
 them. Yea, it is in, and through, and for Chrift, that the 
 Covenant of grace hath everlaftingneis in it ; whether we con- 
 sider it as everlafting, a parte ante : it could not have been 
 
 an 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrijl a Covenant of the people. 4^3 
 
 an everlafting Covenant in this refpecT, unleis there had been 
 another everlafting party tor the everlafting God to deal 
 with ; and there was not another party of this kind, but 
 Chrift •, in whom grace was given to us, and promifes of life 
 were made to us before the world began, 2 Tim. 1.9. Tit. 1. 
 
 2. Prov.8.23. Or if we confider the Covenant as everlaft- 
 ing, a parte poft, Chrift is the foundation of that, and it is 
 in and for Chrift that the Covenant is an everlafting Cove- 
 nant : and becaufe he is given for a Covenant of the people, 
 therefore everlaftingnefs is given to that Covenant, Pfal. 89. 
 
 3, 34, 55, I have made a covenant with my chofen ; / have 
 fworn nnt9 David my fervant : My covenant will I not breakj 
 nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I 
 fworn by my holinefs , that I will not lye unto David. Ifa. 59. 
 21, As for me, this is my covenant with them, faith the Lord ; 
 my j pir it which is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy 
 mouth, fliall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of 
 thy feed, nor out of the mouth of thy feeds feed, faith the Lord, 
 from henceforth and for ever. Ifa. 53. 10, When thou JJoalt make 
 bis foul an offering for fin, he jhall fee his feed, he jhall prolong 
 his days, and the pleafure of the Lord pall pr offer in his hand. 
 
 1 . The order of the Covenant is comprifed in Chrift : the 
 Covenant is a well ordered Covenant : and the order of the 
 whole treaty of reconciliaton, and of this Covenant-tranfa&i- 
 on, is fummed up in Chrift, in whom the parties meet toge- 
 ther in this order, God coming clown to us in Chrift, and we 
 coming up to God in Chrift, 2 Cor. 5. 19, To wit, that G.od 
 was in Chrift, reconciling. the world unto himfelf. Mat. 1.23, 
 God with us. Yea all things that are ordered and clifpofed 
 concerning Covenant-grace and blefTmgs, are ordered in him, 
 and for him, and by him : for the methods and ways of Gods 
 difpenfing and ordering Covenant-bleftings, are through him, 
 and in him, as the channel and conveyance thereof *, and for 
 him as the caule ; and by him as the great Adminiftrator 
 who is over all that bufinefs for the managing thereof, Eph* 
 1. 3,4, 5,6, Bleffed be the God and father of our Lord Jeftu 
 Chrift, vtho hath bleffed us with all the ffiritnal blejfings in 
 heavenly places in Chrift ', according as he hath chofen us in 
 him before the foundation of the world, that we ftjould be holy 
 and without blame before him in love. Having predeftinatec-. 
 
 m 
 
4.54 thrift a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 m into the adoption of children by Jefits Chrifl to himfelf, ac- 
 cording to the good pleafurc of his will , to the praife of the 
 glory of his grace , wherein he hath made us accepted in the bt~ 
 loved. Eph. 2. 6, io, And hath raifed us up together, and made 
 hs fit together in heavenly places in Chrifl Jefus.——For we are 
 his workman 'flip, created in Chrifl Jefus unto good works , 
 which God hath before ordained that we Jlw/dd wal!^ in 
 
 the.v. 
 
 4. The inability of the Covenant is comprifed in Chrift : 
 the Covenant of Grace is a fare Covenant, and he is a firm 
 and lure Chrifl, who fails not, and changes not, Hcb. 13.8, 
 Jefus Chrifl is the fame ye fler day, and to day, and for ever. 
 Yea, he is the very /lability of the Covenant of Grace, 
 2 Cor. 1 . 20, For all the promises of God in him are, yea, and 
 in him, Anen, unto the glory of God by us. The fure foun- 
 dation upon which it is eftablifhed, If a. 28. 16. Becaufe Chrifl 
 is in the Covenant as a nail in a fure place, and as a founda- 
 tion and corner-ftone which" 'cannot be removed : therefore 
 liability and firmnefs is in the Covenant, Ifa. 22. 23. Becaufe 
 the Covenant made with him is fure, therefore the Covenant 
 made with us is lure, Pfal. 89. 33, 34. And becaufe Chrift 
 is given for a Covenant of the people , therefore (lability 
 is given to that Covenant as an e.Tential property there- 
 of. 
 
 5. The perfection of the Covenant of Grace is comprifed 
 in Chrifl : it is a perfect: Covenant, and he is a perfect and 
 compleat Chrifl ; a Saviour made perfect, to be the author 
 of a compleat Salvation to his people, Heb.5.9. and to fave 
 to the utmofl, Heb. 7. 25. Yea, the Covenant is a perfect Co- 
 venant, becaufe Chrift is in it, in whom we are compleat, Col. 
 2.9, 10. And in whom dwelleth perfect fulnefs, and all 
 defirable perfections. If Chrift had not been in it, perfection 
 had not been in it, nor fhould that Covenant have been 
 able to perfect us for ever, but it had left us as the firft 
 Covenant did : But becaufe God gave Chrifl for a Covenant 
 of the people, therefore perfection is in it, and came to us 
 by it, 1 Cor. 1. 30, But of him are ye in Chrifl Jefus, who 
 of God is made unto us wifdom, and righteoufnefs, and fantli- 
 fication, and redemption. 
 
 6. The fatisfaftorinefs of the Covenant of grace, is comprifed 
 
 in 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrift <tCovenant of the people. 465 
 
 in Chrift : it is a Soul- fatisfying Covenant, and he is a Soul* 
 fatisfying Chrift, iSam.li. 5, For this is all my falvation, 
 and all my defire, although he make it not to grow* Song. 5. 
 16, His month h mofi fweet : yea, he is altogether lovely. 
 This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O Daughters of Je- 
 rufalem. Pial.73. 25, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and 
 there is none upon earth that 1 defire beftdes thee. Yea, Chrift 
 is the foundation of that fatisfa&ion which the fouls of the 
 faints find by being within the Covenant of grace : he is the 
 defire of all nations, Hag. 2.7. It is in and for him, that it 
 is fatisfying : if Chrift were not in the Covenant, the foul 
 of a Saint could nevery fay of it, This is all my defire •, but 
 becaufe he is in it, therefore the fpirits of men by unbracing 
 it, find a fatisfac"tion, PfaL 16. 2, 5, 6, O my foul, thou haft 
 faid unto the Lord, thou art my Lord : the Lord is the portion 
 of mine inheritance, and of my cup : thou maintaineft my lot. 
 The lines are fallen unto me in pleafant places : yea, I have a 
 goodly heritage. And becaufe Chrift is given for a Co- 
 venant of the people, therefore fatisfa£tion is in it. 
 
 6. Chrift is the fiim of all Covenant-bleflings : they are all 
 abridged in him, CoL \. 11, But Chrift is all, and in aH\ 
 1 . Eminently : becaufe he is the chief bleffing of the Covenant : 
 he is the marrow and fatnefs of the whole bargain, Job. 4. 
 10, 14, Jefns anfwered and faid unto her, If thou knew ft the 
 gift of God, and who it is that faith unto thee, Give me to drinks 
 thou wouldft have asked of him, and he would have given thee 
 living water. But whofoever drinketh of the water that I 
 fhall give him, jhall never thirft : but the water that I jhall 
 give him, Jhall be in him a well of water fpringing up into e- 
 verlafting life. Joh. 5.16, For God fo loved the world, that he 
 gave his only begotten Son. 2. Comprehenfively : becaufe in him, 
 as in a ftore houfe, all Covenant-bleffings are treafured up, 
 Col. 2. 9, For in him dwelleth all the fulnefs of the God-head 
 bodily. Joh. 1. 14* l<S And the word was made fit •jh, and dwelt 
 among us ( and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only 
 begotten of the father ) full of grace and truth. And of his 
 fatnefs have all we received, and grace for grace. 3. %)lti- 
 mately : becaufe he is that Covenant-bleffing for which the 
 whole bargain is fought after, and all other things are 
 but fought for him, Mat. 1 $.44*45, Again^ the kingdom of 
 
 O heaven 
 
tg£ chrift a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 heaven is like unto trea fare hid in a field, the which when a 
 tr.au hath found, he huleth, and for joy thereof goeth and felleth 
 all that he hath, and buyeth that field. Again , the kjngdon of 
 heaven is like unto a merchant man, feehing. goodly pearls, &c. 
 4. Virtually r becaufe when God giveth Chriit, the whole 
 Covenant is reckoned to be performed, Lul^ i. 72, To per- 
 form the mercy promifed to our fathers, and to remember his 
 holy covenant. 5. C on fe que nt tally: becaufe all other Covenant- 
 bleffings follow him, as accefTories follow any principal thing, 
 Rom. 8. 32, He that f pared not his own Son , but delivered him 
 up for us all: how flail he not with him freely give m all things ? 
 Prov.8. 35, For whofoever fndeth me, findeth life, and flail ob- 
 tain favour of the Lord. 
 
 Vfe 1. If Chriftbe all the Covenant, or the fum and mar- 
 row of all which God hath given to his people by the Co- 
 venant of grace} this ipeaketh lad reproof, 1. To thofe 
 who feek fomething elie*, the ftrength of whofe indeavours 
 H laid forth upon fomething inferiour, fomething befide the 
 chief good, J fa. 5 5, 2, Wherefore do ye fpend money for that 
 which is not bread ? and your labour for that which fatisfieth 
 not* hearken deligently nnto me, and eat ye that which is good ', 
 and let your foul delight itfelf infatnefs^ To fuch belongs that 
 warning, If a. 50. i% Behold, all ye that kindle a fire, that 
 oompafs your f elves about with fparks : walkjn the light of your 
 fire, and in the fparks that ye have kindled. This flail ye 
 have of mine hand, ye flail lie down in for row-. 2. To fuch 
 as leek and follow after fome thing more than Chrift, who is 
 all the Covenant : lure there are not a few, who think they 
 have not a full blefling in Chrift-, Chrift alone, without o- 
 ther things of this world, cannot content them, Gen. $0. fc 
 This evil under the fun hath reached fome of thofe who have 
 been within the Covenant of Grace, Gen. 15, 1,2, After thefe ' 
 things the word of the Lord came unto Abram in a vifion,fay- 
 ingy Fear not Abram, I am thy flield, and thy exceeding great 
 reward. And Abram faid, Lord God, what wilt thou give me> 
 feeing I go childlefs , and the fteward of my houfe is this £liez.er 
 of Damafcur? To fuch belongs that warning, Jer. 45. 5, 
 And feekefl thou great things fop thy felff feek^ them not : for 
 behold, 1 will bring evil upon all flefl, faith the Lord : but thy 
 lift Will I give unto thee for a prey in all places whither thou 
 
 goejf. 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrijl a Covenant of the people. ^ 7 
 
 goefl. i. It fpeaks reproof to thofe who feek fomething lefs 
 than Chrift : there being among thofe who are not of the worft 
 ibrt of people, whom life and falvation could fatisfie : a crea- 
 ated heaven without Chrift could anfwer their defires after 
 happinefs, Mat. 19. 16, And behold, one came and faid unto 
 him, Good mafter, what good thing fljaH I do, that I may have 
 eternal life ? Something of this alio may overtake the chil- 
 dren of Grace among their fevers and fits of difterapers, Mark^ 
 9. 5, 6, And Peter an/were d, and faid to Jefus, Mafter, it is 
 good for us to be here : and, let us make three tabernacles ; one 
 for thee, and one for Mofes, and one for Eli as. For he wift 
 not what to fay, for they were fore afraid. Such fliould re- 
 member Peters words at another occafion, Joh. 6. 63, Then 
 Simon Peter anfwer ed him, Lord, to whom fliall we go ? thou 
 haft the words of eternal life. Which import, that a created 
 Heaven would not be fignificant, if Chrift were not there ; fee 
 alfo Pfal. 73.2.5, Whom have L in heaven but thee? and there 
 is none upon the earth that I defire be fides thee. 4. It fpeaks 
 reproof to thofe who wrangle about circumftances, to the 
 prejudice of Chrift the fubftance and marrow of the Gofpel- * 
 Covenant: thofe who feek fome things of Chrift to the pre- 
 judice of other things of Chrift, that be the more weighty 
 matters of the Gofpel : as put cafe, Forms to the prejudice 
 of fubftance : Order to the prejudice of edification : Unifor- 
 mity to the prejudice of union, &c. And this, whether by 
 extoiling of the higheft and moft weighty things of Chrift, to 
 the prejudice of other things which are alio his Ordinances : 
 or by the deprefling and decreeing of other more fubordi- 
 nate things of Chrift, and circumftantial, to the prejudice of 
 the weightieft matters of the Gofpel ; for although no Ordi- 
 nance of Chrift be a little one, and to be let at nought y yet 
 without controverfie there be fome of them more weighty 
 than others. 
 
 Vfe 2. For difcovery how far we fall fhort in practical 
 giving to Chrift his own place in the Covenant : There be ve 
 ry few, even of thofe who dare not knowingly flight Chrift, 
 who yet do give him his own room in the Covenant. Con- 
 fider it but a little : 1 . He is the root and original of the 
 Covenant : have you acknowledged and imployed him as fuch ? 
 have your foul-tranfaftions with God, been grounded upon 
 
 O002 Chrifts 
 
^58 Chrift a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII- 
 
 Chrifts tranfatlions with him ? or have you not in point of 
 Soul-covenanting with God, dealt as if the Covenant had its 
 fnft rife then, when it firft entered in thy heart? Confider, 
 I pray, where you have pitched the original rife and foun- 
 dation of that blefled tranlaclion. 2. He is the principal par- 
 ty with whom the Covenant was made at the firft hand : do 
 you always give that place to Chrift? do you put himfore- 
 moft ? or do you not rather drudg him after you ? I fear, 
 nay I doubt not, we deal in many things with God as if we 
 were the principal party covenanting : in matter of Gofpel- 
 promifes,as if we were the principal Creditor, to whom a per- 
 formance of theie things were due : and in matter of Gofpel- 
 commands, as if we were the prinipal Debtors from whom a 
 performance of Duty could be expected. 3. Chrift is the 
 chief bleffing of the covenant : have you fought himasfuch? 
 or hath any other blefling of the Covenant had his room in 
 thy heart ? have you fought life and ialvation in the pro- 
 mifes, as the chief blefling contained in them ? or have you 
 feen fomething in the promifes better and more defirable than 
 thefe, even Chrift, who is in every promife, and is the beft 
 thing in the promife ? 4. He is valuable above all things elfe 
 contained in the Covenant: he is the full price of the whole 
 bargain y have you put this value upon him ? have you made 
 him your all, your treafure for which you treated in this 
 bargain, and bought the field? 5. He is the famplar and 
 firft copy of the Covenant : did you ever confider how the 
 peace and union was firft made in his peri'on ? have you fol- 
 lowed that blefled copy, to have this your Covenant with 
 God, the Divine Nature coming down to you, and you 
 brought up to meet with God in Chrift, and with him, and 
 in him to have myftical union? 6. He is the fum of the 
 Covenant : have you ftudied this compend well ? how to re- 
 duce all the Covenant to Chrift, to find it all in him, and 
 to make all the Covenant praife him? 
 
 Vft 1 . For tryal, whether you be in the Covenant of Grace, 
 or not : whether you have taken hold of the Covenant : as the Pro- 
 phet {peaks, /y^.65.4.. Know it by this,if thou art in Chrift,thou 
 art in the Covenant : if thou haft takeahold of him, thou haft ta- 
 ken hold of the Covenant, Joh. k 12, Rut as many as received 
 hm y to them gave, he {ewer to become the fons of Cody even. 
 
 to, 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrijl a Covenant of the people. 469 
 
 to them that believe on his name. Eph. 2. 12, That at that 
 time ye were without Chrifi, being aliens from the commonwealth 
 of Jfrael, and fir -angers from the covenant of promifc, having 
 no hope, and without God in the world. To be without Chrift, 
 and to be ftrangers to the Covenant of promife, are equiva- 
 lent : if the Covenant be given, Chrift is given : and if Chrift 
 be given, the Covenant is given ; for you are in io far in the 
 Covenant of Grace, as you have any thing of Chrifi in you, 
 Col. 1.27, To whom God would make known, what is the riches 
 of the glory of this my fiery among the Gentiles, which is Chrifi 
 in you, the hope of glory. 2 Cor. 1 \. 5, Examine your felves 
 whether ye be in the faith ': prove your own felves. Know ye not your 
 own felves, how that J ejus Chrifi is in you, except ye be re- 
 probates f If you have no right to Chrift, then none to the 
 Covenant : try therefore your (landing : Tinners where are 
 you? under the firft husband, or married to another? are 
 you in Chrifi or not? and confequently in the Covenant of 
 Grace, or without it ? Rom. 7. 4, Wherefore my brethren, ye 
 alfo are become dead to the law by the body of Chrifi, that ye 
 fhould be married to another, even to him who is raifed from 
 the dead, that we fhould bring forth fruit unto God. 
 
 Try this, 1. By your divorcement from Idols, and all 0- 
 ther lovers *, this Covenant breaks all former ingagements, whe- 
 ther they have been to lufts or to creatures : henceforth if 
 thou be in Chrift, and ingaged with him through this Co- 
 venant, all thefe former ingagements muft be fo far caft loof e^ 
 that hatred muft be to lufts inftead of former love, Gal. 5. 
 24, And they that are Chrifis, have crucified the fie jh, with the 
 affections and lufis. Mark. 9.4?, And if thy hand offend thee 7 
 cut it off: it is better for thee to enter into life maimed., than 
 having two hands, to go into hell, into the fire that never fiiall 
 be quenched, where the worm dieth not, and the fire is not 
 quenched, &c. And half a love to the creatures , or limited, 
 iiibordinate, fecondary, regular, fubmiflive love to them, nv 
 ftead of old heart-ingagements, Ezet^ 36-25, From all your 
 filthinefs, and from all your Idols will J clean fe you, PfeJ. 45.- 
 io, 11, Hearken, O daughter, and confider, and incline thine 
 ear : forget alfo thine own people, and thy fathers houfe^ So 
 fiiall the king greatly defire thy beauty : for he is thy Lord, and 
 worfhip thou him, Jofh. 24. 23, Now therefore put away, faid 
 
 ht y 
 
Chrijl a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 he, the ftrange gods which are among you, and incline your 
 heart mto the Lord God of Ifrael. Hoi". 14.8, Ephraim jljall fay. 
 What have I to do any more with idols ? Gen. 12. 1, Now the Lord 
 had [aid unto Abram, Get thee out of thy countrey, and from thy 
 kindred, and from thy fathers hou[e, unto a land that I will 
 flew thee. 
 
 2. Try it by your conferring to the mutual tye which the 
 Covenant bringeth with it : for it doth not only hold forth 
 what God will be to you, but what you mull be to him : it 
 obligcth you to be the Lords, as well as it maketh him yours, 
 Hof. 3. $ . It faith, Thou fialt not be for another man ', fo wilt I 
 rdfo be for thee. If then you confent as willingly to be Chrifts, 
 as to have him made yours , by this reciprocation and eccho 
 of affection and ingagement to him, you may know your be- 
 ing in him, and fo in the Covenant, Rev. 22. 17,20, And 
 the [pirit, and the bride fay come, and let him that hear eth fay 
 come. Surely , J come quickly , Amen. Song. 2. 1(5, My Belov- 
 ed is mine, and 1 am his. 2 Chron. 30. 8, Now be ye not ftijf- 
 necked as your fathers were : but yield your [elves unto the 
 Lord, and enter into his [antluary, which he hath [anclified for 
 ever : and [erve the Lord your God, that the fercenefs of his 
 wrath may turn away from you. 
 
 I . Try it by your fubje&ion and fubmiffion to Chrift : 
 for they that are in Chrift, they do not only confent to be 
 his, but there is a fubjeclion of their confent unto him, as 
 unto their Head, Husband, Lord, and King*, as Wives and 
 Subjects do in their Covenants with their Husbands and 
 Kings, 2 Cor. 9. 13, The fubjettion of your confent. There 
 muft be a through compliance with Chrift in all his offices, 
 and in every part of each of his office : for we muft not 
 comply with Chrift as a Prieft only, but alfo as a witne[s, a 
 leadeer and commander of the people, Ila. 55.4, fmce he is 
 given for thefe ends, as well as for the former : Neither muft 
 we fubmit only to that part of his Priefthood, whereby he 
 offered facrifice, and flight his interceflion, Heb.%. 1,7. and 
 9. 24, 26. Nor only to the external part of his Prophetical 
 and Kingly offices, by fub jetting our felves to ordinances (as 
 the manner 01 formal hypocrites is ) : but to the foveraignty 
 of his inward teaching and ruling alfo, Jer. $1. 3$, 34* ItotH 
 put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts, 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XXII. Chri ft * Covenant of the people. aj 
 
 and will be their Gad, and, they fa all be my people. And they 
 Jhall teach no more every man his neighbour , and every man his 
 brother, faying, Know the Lord. Nor to his inward teach- 
 ing and ruling only ( as defpifers of Ordinances pretend ), 
 but to the external adminiftration of his Covenant, by Or- 
 dinances of worfhip and government alfo, ib long as his ta- 
 bernacle is with men, which muft be till Ghrifts giving up the 
 kingdom, Rev.<ii. 5,22, 23. with ,£^.43. 11. 
 
 4. Try it by your fatisfa&ion with , and acceptation of 
 the whole bargain, without divifion, diminution, addition, or 
 alteration of any claule in it, Jja. 55.3. Jer. 3 1. 32, &c. 
 Thofe who are in Chrift, and ib within the Covenant of 
 Grace, do not divide the promifes of the Covenant , from 
 the condition and commands thereof 5 neither do they reject 
 any thing which God hath put in that bargain : but on the 
 contrary they x:loie with it as it (lands in the offer of the 
 Gofpel ( without bogling and skaring at the refervation of 
 the crofs ) : and with a foul-fatisfaftion found in the offer, 
 2 Sam. 23.5, faying with David, this is all my defire. And PfaL 
 16.5,6, The Lord is the portion of mine inherita?ice, and of 
 my cup : thou maintained my lot. The lines are fallen to me 
 in pie af ant places : yea, I have a goodly heritage. Piil. 73. 25, 
 Whom have I in heaven but thee ? and there is none upon earth 
 that I defire befides thee. 
 
 5. Try it by your accounting duties your priviledg, which 
 other men account their burden, 1 Joh. 5. 3, For this is the 
 love of God, that we keep his commandments, and his command- 
 ments are not grievous. Mat. 1 1. $0, For my yoke is eafie, and 
 my burden is light. By your experiencing that holy facility 
 in duties which ipringeth from love to Chrift, and delight in 
 God, 2 Cor. 5. 14, For the love of Chrift conftraineth us, be- 
 caufe we* thus yidg, that. if one died for all, then were all dead. 
 Whereby it cometh to pals, that the very work of believers 
 is wages and hire in their hands *, that I fay, is demon- 
 ftrative of one being in Chrift, and lb of a new-Covenant- 
 eftate. 
 
 6. Try it by your equal endeavours after holinefs andnea- 
 ven :, after conformity unto Chrift, and communion with him : 
 if thy endeavours after fan&ification, be as vigorous as after 
 Salvation *, if thou wouldft as gladly be made holy, as be in 
 
 heaven ", 
 
Chrift a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 heaven*, if thou defneft as really to be made like Chrift, as 
 to have fellowship with him-, this fpeaketh thy being in him, 
 and it" fo, thy being in the Covenant, 2 Cor. 7. 1, Having 
 therefore thefe promifes ( dearly beloved), let us cleanfe our 
 f elves from all fbhincfs of the ftejh and fpirit , per feeling 
 holinefs in the fear of God. 1 Joh. 3. 3, And every man that 
 hath this hope i?i him, purifieth himfelf, even as he is 
 pure. 
 
 7. Try it by your being humbled and provoked to holi- 
 nels, by the knowledg of your being in Chrift, and your re- 
 flections upon this great priviledg with humbling admiration : 
 for after this manner hath it wrought upon Gods children, 
 Rom. 3-27, Where is boafting then f it is excluded : by what law I 
 of wvrks ? nay : but by the law of faith. Ezek. 16. $<>, That 
 thou may e ft remember, and be confounded, and never open thy 
 mouth any more , becaufe of thy frame, when I am pacified to- 
 ward thee, for all that thou haft done, faith the Lord God. 
 1 Tim. I. 1 5, 14, Who was before a blafphemer, and a per [ecu- 
 tor, and injurious. But I obtained mercy, becaufe I did it ig- 
 norant ly, in unbelief: and the grace of our Lord was exceeding 
 abundant, with faith and love, which is in Chrift Jefus, Joh. 
 14. 22, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifeft thy felf to us, 
 and not unto the world? 
 
 8. Try it by your fuperlative valuing of Chrift : the 
 weakeft faith which is precious, doth value Chrift above all, 
 1 Pet . 2. 7, To you therefore which believe, he is precious. Prov. 
 3. 15, She is more precious than rubies : and Ml the things thou 
 can ft defire, are not to be compared unto her. Chrift is fuper- 
 latively valued*, 1. When Chrift alone, without all other 
 comforts, is looked upon as enough, when the foul taketh 
 iatisfaction in this portion, Pfal. 73.25, Whom have I in 
 heaven but thee ? and there is none upon earth that I defire be- 
 fides thee. Pial. 16.5,6, The Lord is the portion of mine in- 
 heritance, and my cup : thou maintaineft my lot. The lines are 
 fallen unto me in pleafant places : yea , / have a goodly heri- 
 tage. When the foul reckons it felf eternally made up in him, 
 *Tui bleffeth it felt' in him, Lam. 3. 24, The Lord is my por- 
 tion, faith my foul, therefore will J hope in him. 2. When we 
 value Chrift out of love, not out of necefiity only, as the 
 manner ofthofe is, who come to him only in their exigency, 
 
 as 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrift ^Covenant of the people. 473 
 
 as men ufe Phyficians, Pfal. 116. 1, I love the Lord , becaufe 
 he hath heard my voice, and my f application. 3. When the 
 excellencies of Chrift do affecl: the heart to take pains to feek 
 him, proportionally, as we leek after other things, Song. 5. 
 6, 9, 10, / opened to my beloved, but my beloved had withdrawn 
 himfelf, and was gone : my foul failed when he [fake : I fought 
 him, but I conld not find him : I called him, but he gave me 
 no anfwer. What is thy beloved more than another beloved^ O 
 thou fair eft among women . ? what is thy beloved more than ano- 
 ther beloved, that thou doftfo charge ui ? my beloved is white and 
 ruddy, the chiefefl among ten thoufand. 4. When we are not 
 eafily offended at him, Mat. 11.6, And blejjed i* he, whofo- 
 ever Jhall not be offended in me. Song. 5, 7,8, The watch-men 
 that went about the city, found me, they fmote me, they wounded me : 
 the keepers of the walls took^away my vail from me. I charge 
 you, O daughters of Jerufalem, if ye find my love, that ye tell 
 him that I am fick^ of love. There is nothing that argueth 
 more clearly a low efteem of Chrift, than a readinefs to be 
 foon and eafily (tumbled at him, or fomething in his way with 
 us, or attending the way of feeking him -, and on the other 
 hand, nothing argueth a higher efteem of him, than not to be 
 eafily offended at him * 7 let him do what he will, yet will I 
 go after him •, let me meet with what can be imagined,which 
 ftumbleth others, yet,will I hold on my way ; is the thoughts 
 and heart-language of one that valueth Chrift above 
 all. Job ij. 15, Though he flay me, yet will I trufi in 
 him. 
 
 Vfe 4. To teach us, whatfoever things appertaining to this 
 Covenant we caft our eyes upon, to obferve more of Chrifl 
 in it : for if we look upon it aright, there is no part of the 
 Covenant but we may behold Chrift ingraven upon it •, he 
 is the precious iubje£t-matter of the whole, and of every 
 part of the Covenant, whether they be, 1. Things cove- 
 nanted by God to us *, Chrift is ingraven upon every pro- 
 mife, and bleffing, and priviledg of the Covenant : the righte- 
 oufnels and life whereunto we are reftored, are the righteouf- 
 nefs and life of Chrift, Jer. 23. 6, And this is his name whereby 
 he Jhall be called, The Lord our right eonfnefs. Gal. 2. 20, Yet 
 not J, but Chrift liveth in me : and the life which I now live 
 in the fiefljy I live by the faith of the Son of God. iCor/i. 
 
 Ppp iO, But 
 
4T4 Chrifl a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 j'O, But of him are ye in Chrifl Jefus, who of God is made 
 unto us w'ifdom, and right eoufnefs, and fantlification, and re- 
 demption. Col. 3.2, 3, Set your ajfetlion on things above, and 
 not on things on the earth. For ye are dead, and your life is 
 hid with Chrift in God. The Sonlhip, the ipirit, the grace, 
 the title to God, they are our partnerihip of Chrifts Son- 
 lhip, his ipirit, his grace , his Covenant-right to God, Rom, 
 8.17, And if children, then heirs, heirs of God, and joint- 
 heirs with Chrifl : if Jo be that we fuffer with him, that we 
 may be alfo glorified together. Gal. 4. 6, And becaufe ye are 
 fons, God hath fent out the fpirit of his Son into your hearts 9 
 crying, Abba, Father. Joh. h 14, 15, And the word was made 
 flejliy and dwelt among us, ( and we beheld his glory, the glo- 
 ry as of the only begotten of the father ) full of grace and 
 truth. And of his fulnefs have all we received, and grace for 
 grace. Or, 2. Whether they be things re-ftipulated by us 
 to God, as conditions of the Covenant, or as duties of the 
 confederate people •, upon every condition and duty of the 
 Covenant, Chrift is ingraven : the faith accepting Covenant- 
 grace and bleffings,is the faith of the Son of God, Gal. 2. 20. 
 The holinefs and worthy walking whereunto we are called, is 
 that fame thing whereunto we are chofen and created in Chrifl 
 Jefus, Eph. 2. 10. and 1.4. 
 
 Vje 5 . For commending Chrift to you : 1 . See the ne- 
 ceflity of receiving Chrift, and of being in him, without 
 which we can have no right to the Covenant, nor to any 
 thing contained in it : he is given for a Covenant : if it were 
 poffible for you to receive all that is in the Gofpel-offers, . 
 and not to receive Chrift, aU thefe things without him 
 could not change your Covenant-ftate, Efh. 2. 12, If you con-, 
 tinue without Chrifl, you are ftill without the Covenant : there- 
 fore is that exprefnon fo frequently ufed to denote one 
 in Covenant with God, they that are in Chrift, Rom. 8. i. 
 2 Cor. 12. 2. 
 
 2. Learn the way how the confederate people (houldcome 
 to God : it is not enough that we fhould come to God, and 
 bring Chrift with us as a third peribn *, but we muft alfo 
 come to God as being in Chrift, as being one with him, Joh. 
 15.2. Aod this is t9 QQtne to G$d through Chrift, Heb. 7. 
 
 3> Be 
 
Chap. XXII. drift a Covenant cf the people. ,-- 
 
 3. Be perfwaded to take him who is given of God for 
 a Covenant of the people : make Chrift your own, and you 
 make all the bargain your own: for he is the Covenant of 
 the people, and he is*//, faith the Apoftle, Col. j. 1 1, And, who- 
 fo findeth me, findeth life, and Jhall obtain favour of the Lord, 
 faith he himielf, Prov.S. 35. We beieech you receive the 
 gift which draweth all the Covenant along with it, Joh. 1. 
 12, *But as many as received him, to them gave he power to 
 become the font of God, even to them that believe on his name. 
 If you ask, When do we receive Chrift ? 1. When we re- 
 ceive the verybonds of the word, and that which doth moft crofs 
 our corruption, and ftraiten the loofnefs and liberty of our 
 flefh, 1 Thejf. 1. 6, And ye became followers of us, and of the 
 Lord, having received the word in much affliction, with joy of 
 the holy Choft. 2 Cor. 10.4,5, For the weapons of our war- 
 fare are not carnal, but mighty through God, to the pulling down 
 of firong holds : Cafting down imaginations, and every high 
 thing that exalteth itfelfagainft the knowledg of God ', and bring- 
 ing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Chrift- 
 2. When we imbrace and kifs the promifes, that is, when 
 we love them dearly, and welcome them kindly, for the good 
 that is in them, for the things which they carry forth unto 
 US, Heb. 11. 13, Thefe all died in faith, not having received the 
 promifesy but having feen them afar eff, and were perfwaded 
 of them, and embraced them, and confeffed that they were 
 flrangers and pilgrims on the earth. So did thofe Worthies 
 who obtained a good report through faith, verfe 39. 3. When 
 we find and receive fomething iweeter and better in the pro- 
 mifes than falvation,even Chrift himielf Song. 5. 16, His mouth 
 is moft fweet, yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, 
 and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerufalem. A tempo^ 
 rary may receive the word with joy, and the promifes of the 
 word ; but how ? for falvation that is in them : but the be- 
 liever finds fomething in them better than Salvation, Joh.6. 
 6%, Then Simon Peter anfwered him, Lord, to whom fiiall we 
 go? thou haft the words of eternal life. Pfel. 7;. 25, 26, 
 Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there in none upon 
 earth that I defire be fides thee. My heart and my flcfti fail* 
 eth : but God is the ftrength of my heart, and my portion for 
 ever, 
 
 Ppp 2 4. Since 
 
Ay 6 Chrijl a Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII, 
 
 4. Since God giveth Chrift for all the Covenant, be you 
 perlwaded to take him for ah 1 , and to make ufe of him for 
 all, 1 Cor, 1.5O, But of him are ye in Chrift Jefus, who of 
 Cod is made unto us wifdom, and right eoufnejs, and fancliHca- 
 tion, and redemption, i. To fulfil all the promiies of the Co- 
 venant to you *, for in him they are yea, and in him they are 
 all Amen, 2 Cor. 1.20. 2. To fulfil and perform the con- 
 dition of the Covenant in you *, to determine your wills to 
 believe, Joh.6. 37, AH that the father giveth me, jhall come 
 to me. Song. 1.4, Draw me, we will run after thee. Joh. 12. 
 32, And I, if J be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men 
 unto me. 3. To perform the duties in you, which the 
 Covenant requireth of you, Phil. 4. 13. 70/7.15.5. £ph. 
 2. 10. 
 
 Vfe 6. For comfort and encouragement to believers^ 
 1 . Comfort your ielves in the bargain which you have made, 
 upon this ground, Chrift is in the Covenant} yea, he is giv- 
 en for a Covenant of the people, and therefore all (hall be 
 well, and all fhall be lure and firm, I fa- 22.23, *dnd I mil 
 fafien him. as a nail in a fare place, and he Jhall be for a glo- 
 rious throne to his fathers houfe.' Zech. 10.4, Out of him came 
 forth the corner? out of him the nail. Ha. 3. 10, Say ye to the 
 righteous ? that it fhall be well with him : for they jhall eat the 
 fruit of their doings. Comfort your felves, 1 . Againft your 
 being fhort of other men in workily-injoyments, Chrift is giv- 
 en you for a Covenant, but not unto them t O wonder at it ! 
 and be comforted, with him who faid, Lord how is it that thou, 
 wilt manif eft thy f elf to us,andnot unto the world ? You can own 
 Chriftytney cannot, Pfal.67.6y And God, even our own God jhall 
 blefs us. Pfal. 7 3 . 26, My flejli and-my heart faileth : but Godis^ 
 the ftrength of my heart, and my portion for ever. 2. Com- 
 fort your ielves againft all fnares, dangers, tentations, and 
 ftorms that can blow againft you in your way to heav- 
 en, Chrift is in the Covenant, and that fhall be your fafetyv 
 as the dilciples werefafe at fea againft greateft tempefts,be- 
 caufe Chrift was in. the {hip with them, Mat. 8. 1 3, to 28. 
 Confider, he is imbarked with you, and (hall bring you to 
 land, 1 Joh. 4.4, Te are of God, little children, and have 0- 
 ver come, them : becaufe greater is he that is in you, than he that 
 isJn the world. 3 , Comfort your felves againft all your wants 
 
 and 
 
Chap. XXII. Chrift a Covenant of the people. 477 
 
 and weakneffes, and aH the miferies of your prefent conditi- 
 on *, Chrift is given for a Covenant of the people : and though 
 you be fooliih, he is wife, 1 Cor. 1. 50, Siit cf him are ye in 
 Chrift J e fits, who of God is made unto us wifdon. Though 
 you be weak, he is ftrong, Pfal.Sp. 19, / have laid help up- 
 on one that is mighty. Mat. 12. 29, Or elfe how can one enter 
 into a ftrong mans houfe, and fpoil his goods, except he firft 
 bind the ftrong man, and then he will fpoil his houfe? Though 
 you be faithlefs, he is faithful, 2 Tim. 2. 13, If we be- 
 lieve not, yet he abideth faithful, he cannot deny him- 
 felf. Though you be nothing, Chrift is all, Col. .3. 11. 
 Whatfoever is wanting in you, is abounding in him; and if 
 you. abufe not the grace of Chrift by turning it into wan- 
 tonnels, it is all one if it be betwixt you : its as good 
 and much better it be in him than in you; for if he be giv- 
 en to you, all comes with him, 1 Cor. I. jo, But of him 
 are ye in Chrift Jefus, who of God is made unto us wif- 
 dom , and righteoufnefs , and fanflification , and redempti- 
 on. 
 
 2. Believers in Chrift, you who have received him who 
 was given for a Covenant of the people, take courage and 
 boldnefs to God-ward in all that you have to do with him: 
 For, 1. Having received Chrift for a Covenant of the peo- 
 ple, you may pray and deal- confidently with God, as though 
 Chrift did befeech God by you, 7/^.45. n, Thus faith the 
 Lord, the holy one of Ifrael, and his maker, As\^ me of things 
 to come, concerning my Sons, and concerning the work^ofmy 
 hands command ye me. 2. You have gotten Chrift , and 
 therefore nothing (hall be denied you, Mom. 8. 32, He that 
 [pared not his own Son , but delivered him up for us all : how 
 fhall he not with him alfo freely give us all things? $. You 
 have received more than you know of, Joh. 14.4,5,20, And 
 whither I go ye know, and the way you k^ow. Thomas faith un- 
 to him, Lord, we know not whither thog goeft : and how can we 
 
 know the way ? at that day ye fljall know that I am in my 
 
 father, and you in me, and I in you. You have aU the Co- 
 venant, if you have him. 4. You have received more than 
 you want, a greater thing than ever you fhall be capable ta 
 need or want hereafter *, for how great loever your wants 
 be, you cannot conceive them to be fo great as Chiift, who 
 
 is 
 
4 7 s Ctrijl 4 Covenant of the people. Chap. XXII. 
 
 is given to you, Phil. 4. 19, But my God Jhall fupply all your 
 wed, according to his riches in glory by Chrift Jefns. 2 Cor. 9. 
 8, And Cod is able to make all grace abound towards yon, that 
 ye always having allfufficiwy in all things, may ahonndtQ eve- 
 ry good work* 
 
 FINIS. 
 
Books Printed for, and are to be fold by 
 Tho. Parfyurfl, at the Bible and Three 
 Crowns in Cheapfide. 
 
 SERMONS on the whole Epiflle of Saint Pad to the 
 Colojfians, by Mr. J. Daille, tranflated into Englifh by 
 F.S. with Dr. Tho. Goodwin's, and Dr. Joh. Owens Epiftles 
 Recommendatory. 
 
 A pr aftical Expo fition on the 3d Chapter of the firft Epiftle 
 of Saint Pad to the Corinthians, with the Godly mans choke , on 
 Pfalm. 4. v. 6, 7, 8. by Anthony Burgefsi 
 
 An Expofition of Chrifts Temptation, on Mat. 4. and Peters 
 Sermon to Cornelim ; and circumfpeft walking. By Dr. Tho; 
 Taylor. 
 
 Dr. Donns 4/0 Sermons, being his $ Volumes* 
 
 Parens Expofition on the Revelations. 
 
 Choice and pratticalExpofitions on 4 felecl: Pfalms : viz. 
 
 The fourth Pfalm in eight, The forty iecond Pfalm in ten. 
 The fifty firft Pfalm in twenty, The fixty third Pfalm in fevea* 
 Sermons. By Tho. ff or ton. D.D. 
 
 Books Afto> ' 
 
 The Door of Salvation opened by the Key of Regeneration, 
 by George Swinnock^M. A. 
 
 An Antidote againft Quakerifm, by Steph. Scandret. 
 
 An Expofition on the five firft Chapters of JEz.ekjel y by 
 William Greenhil. 
 
 The Gofpel-Covenant opened, by Pet.Bulklej. 
 
 Gods holy-Mind touching matters moral, which he uttered 
 in ten Commandments: Alfo,an Expofition on the Lords Pray- 
 er, by Edward Bflon, B.D. 
 
 The Fi-ry- jeiuit, or an Hiftorical- Collection of the rife, en-- 
 creafe, doctrines and deeds of the Jefuits. 
 
 Horologiographia optica *, Dialling, univerfal and particular, 
 by Sylvan us Morgan. 
 
 A fealbnable Apology for Religion, by Matthew Pool. 
 
 Separation no Schifm, in aniwer to a Sermon preached before 
 the Lord Mayor, by 7. S. The 
 
T fcical Divinity of the Papifts difcovered to be deftruc- 
 
 :. . to true Religion, and Mens fouls, by j. Clarkjon. 
 
 non en a queftion in Divinity, and Cafe of Con- 
 .ce, v:z. Whether it be lawful for any perfon to a& contra- 
 il to the Opinion of his own Confcience? 
 
 Certain confiderations tending to promote Peace and Unity 
 amongft Proteftants. 
 
 The Saints triumph over the laft enemy, in a Sermon at the 
 
 ral of Mr. James Jantway? by Nath. Vtncem. 
 T.icMorning -Lecture againft Popery,preached by feveral Mi- 
 
 s of the Gofpel in or near London. 
 Doctor Wilds Letter of Thanks and Poems. 
 A new Copy-Book of all forts of ufeful hands. 
 The Saints priviledg by dying, by Mr. Scot. 
 The new World \ or new-reformed Church, bv Doctor 
 Homes. 
 
 The Intercourfe of Divine Love between Chrift and the 
 Church, or the particular Believing foul : in feveral Lectures on 
 the whole kcondChap. of Canticles, by Job. Collins? D- D. 
 
 Large Svo. 
 
 Heart-Treafure : or a Treatife tending to fill and furnifh the 
 bead and heart ofeveryChriftian with Soul-inriching treafure of 
 truths, graces, experiences, and comforts. 
 
 The fare mercies of DfviA \ or a fecond part of Heart-trea- 
 
 fure. 
 
 Clofet-prayer a Chnftians duty \ all three by 0. Hey 
 wood. 
 
 A practical difcourfe of Praver ; wherein is handled the na- 
 ture and duty of Prayer, by The. Cobbct. 
 
 Of quenching the Spirit, the evil of it, in refpecfc both of 
 its caufes and effects, difcovered bv Theophilas Polwheile. 
 
 Heaven and Hell in a Good or Bad Conicience,by Nath. Vm- 
 cent. 
 
 The re-building of London encouraged and improved in feveral 
 meditations: by Samuel Rolls. 
 
 The Sure way to Salvation*, or a Treatife of the Saints myfti- 
 cal U ■ I h Chrift •, bv h khard Stedman^ N 1 . A . 
 
 Sober Singularity by the fame Author. 
 
 Heaven taken bv Storm.