s Uc ^ ^ aga. Jk'y **$ ns&y c^hje^yicny fruity ^ <^^^>W^S -^^^ yffa X^ &™ Cy asm trrX^Jy' o^fi c^?j^L£j^ ^ e ^? ^^ cr j^A 4 ^? j^ * &w) aJ^ P^*f %*** "(L#u^L'LJ~~ ^7 /A^V, j^e^u^r^ b& / 1»A3S :B3fH a" IS IS TAf 1 SAff: OR .^'.KCDOTHS OF TUB "VOJL, TTT ( Ckristi**''- x. 025"]© OK: PATISFOSTEK SOW. KICCiClOT. CONTENTS. VOL. III. PAGE. O ur Lady of Cardigan 1 William of Wykeham 6 Tillotson 9 Richard Kederminster 10 Letter of Archbishop Chichele to Henry V. 12 Nolo Episcopari • • 14 Huntingdon .... 15 Rum Religion ... 15 Pious Punning ••• 16 Religion and the Fine Arts ibid Purgatory 17 Way to Promotion • ibid Fatal Vespers • • • 18 Missionaries .... 19 Chillingworth . . 20 Hobbes, Epitaph on ibid Bishops ibid Thomas Conecte • • 21 Singular Commentary on Scripture ... 22 Conversion of a Papist ibid Trans ubstantiation • 23 Pope Alexander VI. Translation Extraor dinary .... Punning Epitaph • Jerome Savonarola Purgatory .... Zealous Bequest . Proselyte extraordi nary ..... Pious Speculations Modern Miracle • Popish Miracles • Lustrations * • • Doctor Donne • • Cardinal de Retz « Methodists • • • Dissolution of Religi- ous Houses in En gland » • • * . Bishop Aylmer • • Anti-Christ • • . Leo X. Transubstantiation William Penn . • PAGE 25 26 27 ibid 28 29 ibid ibid 30 31 ibid ibid 32 ibid 33 47 48 49 ibid 50 11 CONTENTS. PAGE. Archbishop Laud • • 51 L'Abbe de Choisy • ibid Italian Epitaphs • • ibid Henry VIII. to Cardi- nal Wolsey ... 53 English Benefices • 54 Bishop's Stall ... 55 Seasonable Prayers • 56 Monument in St. Paul's ibid William Rufus and the Ordeal .... 57 Spanish Hyperbole • ibid Spanish Epitaphs • • ibid Purgatory ..... 58 Doctor Grant ... 60 Mausoleum .... ibid Holy Lottery • • • ibid Clerical precedency • 61 Expectancy .... ibid TheTeraphim ... 62 Clerical Precision • 65 Monument in West- minster Abbey « • ibid Puritanical Preacher 66 Monks ibid Archbishop Agiinoth 67 Pious Extravagances ibid Female Saints ... 68 Scotch Prayers ... 69 Epitaph ibid Destruction of Libra- ries, &c 70 James Lenfant ... 72 Application of Scrip- : ture 73 Dr. Croxall .... ibid Duke of Mecklenburg 74 Bishop of Lisieux * ibid Bishop Warburton • 75 Dr. Johnson .... 76 John Wesley » • • ibid PAGE Legend of the Holy Lance • • « . . 77 Carbasson ...... 82 Rowland Hill ... 83 Leighton 84 Church Militants • . 85 Waynfleete .... 86 Creed of St. Athana- sius • ibid Monks 87 Benedictine Abbot • 88 Sleepers Reproved • ibid Church on Fire ... 89 Saint Stephen ... 94 Superstition an Engine of Oppression » • 96 Parson Patten ... 98 Bourdaloue .... 99 Whitfield 100 Simony 10 1 An Absent Genius « 102 Capuchin Friars • • 105 Monks of St. Bernard 107 Relics 109 Saint Vincent de Paul 112 Dean Swift .... 114 Rev. P. Skelton • . ibid Norman Curate . « 115 Bishop Hough ... 118 Miracles of the dark ages 119 Rev. P. Skelton • • ibid Intrepid Priest ... 120 English Auction Sales 121 Cheating Conscience 123 No well ibid Episcopal Strictness 124 Fighting Prelate • • 127 Archbishop Warham ibid Bishop Burnet • • • 129 Relics at Dobberan • ibid CONTFNTS. m PAGE. Doctor Prideaux • • 131 Absence of Mind • • 132 Saint Nicholas • » • ibid Rival Candidates • . 144 French Clergy • • • ibid Epitaphs 145 Cemetry of Pere la Chaise ..... ibid Candles in the Church 147 Italian Pleaching . . 148 Management • • • ibid Thomas Aquinas . . 149 Picture of Papistry ibid Quakers 150 Christian Names • • 151 Bishop Jewel • • • 153 Doctor Tresham • . ibid Pope Leo X 154 Rev. Mr. Mattinson 154 Pastor Extraordinary 155 Indigencies «... 156 Religious Will ... 157 Expensive Monument 158 Saint Bernard • • • ibid Purgatory 159 Clement VI ... . 161 Gros Teste Bishop of Lincoln 162 Archiepiscopal Privi- lege 163 Clement XIV. . . . 163 Mystical Jargon . • 164 Auto da Fe .... ibid A Mistake 165 Archbishop Usher • ibid The. Inquisition • . 166 Cardinal Mazarin . 167 Manichaeans .... ibid Doctor Garlick • . . 168 Cromwell and the Pu- ritans ibid Pope Clement V.J • . 169 PAGE Cheating the Devil . 171 Cardinal Mazarin • • ibid Bishop Alcock • • • 172 Clement VII. ... 173 Pulpit Eloquence • ibid Flagellation .... 174 Bishop Williams . . 175 Singular Prayer . . 176 Auto da Fe .... ibid Rugeri 177 Cardinal Richelieu • 178 Relics ibid Antiquarian's Prayer 179 Pope Julius II. • . ibid Interference of Provi- dence 181 George Whitfield . . 1S5 Father Gonthier • . ibid Whimsical Title of a Religious Book • 186 Pope Callixtus • » • ibid Atheism and Scrofula cured by a Sermon 187 Auto da Fe .... ibid Wonderful Relic • . 189 Icelandic Christians ibid Rev. Martin Maden • 190 Cyprian the Martyr • 191 Religious Rapture . 194 Pious Books .... 195 Retaliation .... ibid St. Michael and all Angels ibid The glutton Mass • • 196 Episcopal Abstemious- ness ibid St. Bartholomew • • 196 Clerical Devil ... 197 Personification . . . ibid Cathedral of Toledo 198 Puritans ibid Pious Punning 202 iv CONTENTS. PAGE. Methodist Footman . 203 Bishop Horseley • • ibid Father Santenl ... 203 Exaltation of theCross 204 Miraculous Judgment ibid Bishop Berkeley . . 206 Doctor Gee .... 207 The Cross of Constan- tine ibid Bishop Folliot ... 210 William Huntingdon 211 Cardinal Beaufort • 215 Presbyterian Zeal • ibid Rev. John de Bongy 216 Effects of Methodism 21 7 Rev. Mr. Swinden • 221 Flagellation • • • • ibid Dr. Donne 222 Ecclesiastical Preco- city 223 Monkish Philosophy 224 Judgment by the Cross ibid Bishop Damasus • • 225 Saragossa,Monument at 227 Les Filles Dieu . • 228 Scotch Friars ... 228 Papists and the Virgin 229 Effects of Patronage 232 The Monks and Char- les V. 233 Urban VIII .... ibid Ignatius Loyola • • 234 Donatist Circumcel- lions ibid Church Property . . 236 Excommunication . . ibid St. Agatha .... 237 Father Pope .... 239 The Abbot of Baigne 240 PAGE Saint Ignatius • • • 241 Bishop Jewel • . . ibid Martyrs 242 Abbot Brehman . . 244 Pope Pius IV. . . , 245 Cardinal Turlone • ibid Saint Chrysostom • « 246 Flagellants .... 247 Bishop Ridley ... 249 Epitaphs 250 Sixtus VI; ibid Christmas Day • • • 25 1 Miraculous Judgment ibid Papal Venality . • • 252 Moore Bishop of Ely ibid Scotch Covenanters ibid Indulgences .... 255 Religious Repartee • 257 Protestant Zeal • . ibid Curious Picture . . 258 Religious Mummery ibid Saint Bruno .... 264 Instructions to a Chap- lain 266 Ulric Zuingle • • • 26S Ah! Oh! 269 Rev. Mr. Felton and Handel 271 Bardseye Island in Wales 272 Miraculous Credulity 273 Anti-Christ .... 275 Popish Martyr . . . 277 Mary and EdwarcLVI. 281 Wolsey's NaturalChil- dren 284 Bishop Watson . . • 286 John Huss 287 DIVINITY AND DIVINES. OUR LADY OF CARDIGAN. Previously to the dissolution of monasteries in England, by king Henry the Eight, there was at Cardigan, an image of the Virgin, which was much resorted to by pilgrims, even from distant parts, and produced very considerable revenues to the Church. Tradition asserted that it had been discovered swimming in the river Teivi, with a lighted wax taper in its hand ; that after its removal, this taper burnt for several years without any dimunition of its substance, but that on some persons committing perjury in swearing upon it, it was suddenly extinguished, and never burnt afterwards. Hence it became esteemed an invaluable relic, and, as such, was declared by the monks entitled to receive adora- tion. The dissolution of monasteries, of course VOL. II B 2 DIVINITY put an end to its influence : and the first infor- mation was laid against it, by Dr. William Bar- ton, bishop of St. Davids, who at that time pro- fessed the principles of protestantism, but who a few years afterwards recanted and again be- came a catholic. The following is a copy of his curious letter, and of the consequent exami- nations respecting the tapers of the prior and vicar. In Barlow's letter he earnestly requests to have the see of his bishopric removed to Caermarlhen. The year in which the letter was written is not inserted, but there is reason to suppose it was 1537. il After my right humble u commendations, the benevolent goodness of " your lordship toward me appeareth, both by " your lordships letters, and by relacionofM. " Dort, Barnes concernynge soch somes of " moneye as I am yndebted to the kynges high- " nes favourably to be respited, though I cannot * in this, nor in other your manyfold benefits, " condignly make recompensation, yet, the little " that I maye to the utmost of my pore possi- " bilitye, my unfayned endeavours shail not * ( fayle faythefully to performe. Concernynge " your lordships letres addressed for the taper " of Haverford West, ere the receyte of them, I " had done reformacion, and openly detested " the abuse thereof; all parties which before AND DIVINES. 3 " tyme repugned, penitently reconcyled. But " sythen I chaunced upon another taper of " most great credyte, and of more shameful " detestacion, called our ladies taper, of Cardi- " gan, which I have sente hereto your lordships, " with convenient instructyons of that develish " delusyon. For when I admonished the canons " of St. Davyds, accordynge to the kynges in- u structyons, in no wise to set forth feyned " reliques for to allure people to supers ticyon, " neither to advance the vayne observacyons of •' unnecessary holy days, abrogated by the " kynges supreme authoritye, at St. Davyds " daye the people wilfully solemnised the feaste : " then reliques were set forth, which I caused to " be sequestered and taken away, detayning " them in my custody until I may be advertised " of your lordship's pleasure. The parcels of the " reliques are these: two heades of sylver plate " enclosynge two rotten skulls, stuffed with pu- " trified clowtes. Item, two arme bones, and a " worm eaten boke covered with sylver plate. " Of the canons showinge negligence towarde " the prefermente of Gods worde, and whatun- " godly disguised sermons was preached in the "cathedral church, in the feast of Innocents, " last past, they being present with an auditory (i of ill or iiij hundred persons, this bearer, a 4 DIVINITY " mynister of the same church, shall forder de- " clare havinge parte of the said sermone in 44 writinge apparente to be showed, Further- " more, though I myght seeme more presump- " tuous than needeth, to move any date for the " translacyon of the see from St. Davyds, to " Kermeddyn, yet my good lord, the juste equi- " tye thereof, and expediente utilytie enforceth " me solo presume, consideringe that a better " deade for the commonwealth, and dew refor- 11 macyon of this mysordered diocesse, cannot be " purposed, as well for the prefuremente of Gods " worde, as for the abolyshyngs of all anti-chris- " tian suspicion, aud therein the kynges supreme 4 " majestye to be ampyfied with the universull " commodytie of his graces subjects there rese- " dunte, annoyenge non with discomoditye ex- " cept perchaunce four or fyve persons will sur- 44 mise their private pleasor to be anoyed in 44 profytinge the commonwealth- And the cause 44 partlye that moveth me thus with importunitye " to be urgente hi my suite, ys the over sump- " tuous expences that the canons have incurred " in re-edifyenge the body of their cathedral 44 church, which, ere it be finished, will utterly 11 consume the small residue of the church trea- ** sure remayninge in their custodye, without 44 any profitable effect, savinge to nourish clat- AND DIVINES. O u tering conventycles of barbarous rural persons; " the, deformed habitacyons of the pore colle- " gyons in such beggarly ruyne, and so wretch- *' edlye decayed that honestye will abhoore to " beholde them, which to remedy, pleaseth the " kynges highnes of his gracious bountye, to ** grante the grey freres place at Kermeddyn, u where his most noble progenitor and grand- " father lieth honorably entured, lycensynge " the see thydder to be translated, which ( his u graces pleasor condescend} nge) may be per- " formed without any chargeable difficultye. " And not only the pore collegyans, but also " the canons resydentyaries might be there " pleasantly enhabited with habundant provision " of all necessary commoditye, continually " havinge opportune occasion to profite the " kynges subjects, whereas, at St. David's, lurk- " ing in a desolate corner, they that be but " munped can do veraye little good, in case they " wolde, savinge to themselves. And concern- " ynge the frears that they neither should be M agreeved with any prejudice, I dowte not but " under the kynges hyghnes favor of such pre- " ferrements as I have of his grace, sufficiently " to provyde for every one of them that shall be " founde an able mynister of Christ's church, in " competente lernynge and honest conversacyon. 6 DIVINITY " Moreover the sayd towne of Kermeddyn being " the most frequented place, and indifferently " situate in the middle of the dyocesse, I myght " there (and God willinge so I wolde) settle my " continuall consistorie, assisted by lerned per- " sons, mayntayninge a free gramar schole with *' adayly lecture of holy scripture whereby Gods " honour principally preferred, the Welch rude- * l ness decreosynge, christian cyvilytie may be " intodnced to the famous renoune of the kynges " supremasseye, whose princely majestye Al- " mightie Jesu preserve with your lordship. " From Kermyddyn, the last day of March. — " your lordships to command — W. Meneven." WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM. Among the munificent patrons to whom the literature of this country is indebted, few have rivalled, and still fewer, if any, have surpassed Willam of Wykeham. This eminent man, whose name is derived from the place of his birth, in Hampshire, was born in 1324. Like most of the great personages of his time, those at least who attained any elevation in the church, he was raised by his own superior talents from the humble station to which his family belonged, to the very highest dignities of the realm. For his education he was indebted to the liberality of a AND DIVINES. 7 patron who having recommeuded him to Edyng- ton, the bishop of Winchester, was introduced by him at this early age into the service of king Edward the third. From his extensive architec- tural knowledge and extraordinary skill in that science, he was appointed clerk of the kings works, and was attached to the castle and forest of Windsor as surveyor. The ability he dis- played in these situations, induced the ktng to confer upon him, in 1359 many similar appoint- ments. Being at this time only in the lowest rank in the church he was received into the priesthood in 1362. From this time his official rise was extremely rapid, in 1363 he was made warder and justiciary of the royal forests, south of Trent, and in the following year he was nomi- nated keeper of the privy seal ; he then became chief of the privy council and governour of the great council; to his ecclesiastical preferments, which hitherto had been inferior, the see of Win. Chester was added, upon the death of his former patron Edyngton in 1366; in the next year he was raised to the dignity of Lord high Chancel- lor, but of this office he was deprived in 1370. In 1384, he was induced, though with reluctance, to accept the great seal a second time, but re- signed it in 1391. This was in the reign of Richard the Second, by whom, upon his recover- b4 8 DIVINITY. ing his authority, he with the other commissioners was impeached of high treason, and escaped solely by the influence of his wealth. Though present at the first parliament under Henry IV. which in 1399 deprived Richard the second of his crown, he did not assist at the council which pronounced on him the sentence of perpetual im- prisonment. His health was at this time fast de- clining, and being unable to perform his episco- pal functions, he nominated two coadjutors to his see, and quietly waited for that inevitable fate which should release him from all worldly care : he expired in September, 1406, in the eighty fifth year of his age. Having lived in a state of ce- libacy, and possessing the most ample wealth, he was enabled to gratify the spirit of munificent liberality by which he is pre-eminently distin- guished. In addition to the numerous other buildings he created and repaired within his own diocese, in the course of ten years he rebuilt in the gothic style the cathedtal of Winchester, which had been a Saxon edifice of the eleventh century. His college at Oxford, was known by the name of New College, was completed in 1388» in the turbulent reign of Richard the second, as was also the school or college at Winchester, from which it was to be supplied with students ; this was finished in 1393. Whatever charges the AND DIVINES. V violence of party, may have preferred against this prelate in his life, impartial posterity has re- garded him with the highest admiration ; almost superior to the age in which he lived, he possess- ed all the noble qualities that distinguished it, and seems to have been exempt from its defects. TILLOTSON. It appears, from the series of portraits pre- served in the great dining room at Lambeth palace, that Archbishop Tillotson was the first to wear a wig : which however, resembled his natural hair, and was worn without powder. It has been said of Dr. Barrow that he wrote longer sermons than any man of his time ; of Archbi- shop Tillotson, it may be said that he wrote a greater number. The latter was appointed Clerk of the closet to king William, in 1689, and afterwards dean of St. Pauls. There is a curious letter of his, to Lady Russell, in which he says " After I had kissed the king's hand for " the deanery of St. Pauls, I gave his majesty " my most humble thanks, and told him, that " now he had set me at ease for the remainder " of my life. He replied, 'no such matter, I " assure you,' and spoke plainly about a great " place, which I dread to think of, and said it " was necessary for his service, and he must 10 DIVINITY " charge it on my conscience. Just as he said M this, he was called to supper, and I had only " time to say that when his majesty was at lei- " sure, I did believe I could satisfy him that it " would be most for his service that I should " continue in the station in which he had now " placed me. This hath brought me into a real ° difficulty. For on the one hand it is hard to ''decline his majesty's commands, and much " harder yet to stand out against so much good- *' ness as his majesty is pleased to hold towards " me. This I owe to the bishop of Salisbury, " one of the best and worst friends T know : best "for his singular good opinion of me, and the " worst for desiring the king to this method, "which I knew he did; as if I and his lordship H had concerted the matter, how to finish this M foolish piece of dissimulation in running away " from a bishopric to catch an archbishopric/' He was nominated to the see of Canterbury, April 15, 1691. RICHARD KEDERMINSTER. This amiable aud learned man was the last abbot but one, who presided over the monastery of Winchcombe, in Gloucestershire, to which office he was elected in 1488. His wise govern- ment, and the protection he afforded to virtue , AND DIVINES. 11 and literature, rendered this society so flourish- ing, that it was equal to a little university. In the year 1500, he travelled to Rome, and became afterwards a celebrated preacher. On the pri- vileges of the clergy being attacked in 1515 he preached a remarkable sermon to prove that it was against the law of God, who, by his pro- phet David, says, " touch not mine anointed, " and do my prophets no harm." He wrote a valuable history of the foundation of his monas- tery, and another of the lives of the abbots, be- ginning with Germanus, in the seventh year of king Edgar, A. D. 988, and continued it to his own times. These important documents, after the dissolution of religious houses, fell into the hands of Judge Moreton, and were consumed by the fire of London, at his house in Serjeant's Inn. A fair copy of them is however, said to have been in the possession of bishop Fell about 1630. It is possible that this may have been preserved, and it would he highly gratifying to know where records so valuable are deposited. Pennant mentions several other registers of this house, which probably exist to this day. Rich- ard Kederminster beautified the abbey church, and inclosed it with a wall towards the town, and there he was buried in 1531. 12 DIVINITY LETTER OF ARCHBISHOP CHICHELE TO HENRY THE FIFTH. Mss. Cotton, vesp. f. xiii. fol. 29. Ellis's Letters, vol. I. From this letter it will appear that the piety of Henry the Fifth was scarcely less ar- dent than his love of war. Two circumstances noticed in it, the siege of Falaise, and the deatli of the King's confessor, fix its date to the begin- ning of the year 1418. The Confessor, says Mr. Ellis, was Stephen Patrington, a Carmelite, whomWalsingham calls, " vir eruditus in trivio et quadrivio." He be- came bishop of St. David's in 1415. In Decem- ber 14 17 he was appointed to the see of Chi- chester, but died before his translation could be perfected : and Mr. Ellis adds that, some of the Sermons which he preached before the King in the quality of confessor, are still extant in manu- script. M Sovereyn Lord, after moost humble recom- " mendacion with hele bothe of body and of " sowle, as zour selfe and alle zour liege men de- " sire, lyke zow to wyte that the firsts Soneday " of Lenton the dwk of Excester zour huncle sent " for me to the Frer Prechours, wer I fond with " him zour preest and bedeman Thomas Fysh- A^fD DIVINES. 13 " born, and ther he tok to me zour Lettre wry- w ten with zour owne hond in zour hoost be fore " zour town of Faleys, be the wich I undirstood, " as I have at alle tymes, blessed be Almyzty " God, understonde, that a mong alle zour moost " wordly occupations that any Prince may have " in herthe, ze desire principaly vertuous lyvyng " and zour sowle heele ; and for as myche as " my brother of Seint David as was zour confes- " sour is in his best tyme go to God, ze desire " that I shold be the avys of your uncle a forseyd <; send zou in his stede a gode man and a clerk " of divinite to occupie thatoffis til zour comyng " into zour loud of ynglond. And whan I hadde " red zour honurable letter zour uncle a forseyd " seyd to me that he hadde communyd with Sir " Thomas Fyschborn a forseyd be zour comaun- " dement of this same matier, and whow it " semed to hym, if it lyked me, that Thomas ' ; Dyss a frer prechour, mayster of divinite of the 1 ' scole of Caumbrygge, wer a good man and a " sufficient ther to, and whow thei hadde com- " munid with him ther ofFe and al so with frere " John Tylle the provincial of the same ordre " ther offe ; and considereng his good name and " fame as wel in good and honest lyvyng as in " clergie, I assentyd in to the same persone,and " so communed with himther offe, and toold 14 DIVINITY " him owre comun avis ; and he hath ziven his " assent ther to and ordeyneth hym in alle hast " to come to zour presence, so that I hop he " schal be with zou at the same tyme that zour " chapel schal come : and be the grace of God '1 ze schol fyndehym a good man and a spirituel, " and pleyn to zu with owte feyntese. Vorther- "more towchyng that ze dosire to have licence " to chese zou a confessor &c. I send zu a letter " ther offe a seelyd undir my seel, with sufficient " power to do in that caas al that I myzt do my " self in zour roial presence. Towchyng al ordr - things, I wot wel my lord your brother sendyth •'to zu pleynlych: and ther fore undir zour "■ Grace it seemeth to me no more to vexe zour <: Hygnesse with myche redyng: praying ever " almyzty God suych speed to graunt zou on " zour moest ryal Journe that may be to his ple- iL saunce, and hasty perfourmengof zour blessud " entent, and pees to cristen pepul. Amen. " Wryten at Lambyth xvj day of Febr. 1418. zour preestbedeman H. C." NOLO KPISCOPAR1. We believe it to be a vulgar error, that every bishop before he accepts a bishopric which is offered him, affects a maiden coyishness, and answers nolo episcopari. AND DIVINES. 15 HUNTINGDON. When Mr. Hunt, from a collier, became, as he expresses it, " a vessel of the Lord, he in- stantly lengthened his name to Huntingdon, and so signed it, with the adjunct of S. S. (Sinner Saved !) RUM RELIGION. Dr. Johnson, in his Tour to the Hebrides, gives the following instance of compulsory con- version — we wish that none were ever more violent. " The inhabitants of the isle of Rum, " in the Highlands," says he, " are fifty-eight " families, who continued papists for some time " after the laird became a protestant. Their " adherence to their old religion was strengthen- " ed by the countenance of the laird's sister, a " zealous Romanist ; till one Sunday, as they " were going to mass under the conduct of their " patroness, Maclean, the laird, met them on " the way, gave one of them a blow on the head " with a yellow stick, I suppose a cane, and " drove them to the kirk, from which they " had never since departed. Since the use of " this method of conversion, the inhabitants of " Egg and Cauna, who continue papists, call " the protestantism of Rum, the religion of the " yellow stick." After this, we may note, some 16 DIVINITY favourers of toleration will tell you, that the command, "Compel them to come in' should be executed in a literal sense ; as if the only safe and infallible way of saving heretics, was to make them go to the protestant church, or to mass, with a cudgel in ones hand. PIOUS PUNNING. Bishop Andrews, a divine of the seventeenth century was a punster; Oldmixon, in the dedica- tion to his "Arts of Logic and Rhetoric," says that Bishop Andrews, and the most eminent di- vines at the beginning of the last century, reduc- ed preaching to punning, and the eloquence of the chair to the buffoonery of the stage. He speaks of him thus : The reverend prelate who St. Swithen's chair So fairly filled, would pun you out a prayer ! At visitation he'd instruct his sons In sermons made of nothing else but puns : The court itself so tickled with his chimes, Called him the ablest preacher of his times. RELIGION AND THE FINE ARTS. Mr. Northcote tells us, that a clergyman, a friend of Mr. Opie's, declared to him, that he AND DIVINES. 17 once delivered one of Sir Joshua Reynolds' dis- courses to the Royal Academy, from the pulpit, as a sermon, with no other alteration but in such words as made it applicable to morals instead of the fine arts. PURGATORY. " The church of Rome concluded," we are in- formed, " that those souls only which depart out " of tills world without any deadly sin, and be- " fore they have sufficiently satisfied by penance il for their venial and quotidian sins, shall re- " main a certain space in purgatory, and be " there boiled and sodden, till such time as they " shall, (with soul masses, pardons, or indulgen- u ces) be hailed out of the pan or cauldron, as " with a flesh hook." Eckius, in his Euchindion, also concludes, " that there is a purgatory at * the bottom of the sea;'' perhaps upon the Py- thagorean system, of the departed souls taking fresh tenantry into their living neighbours the fish : for Pythagoras interdicted his scholars such eating, as, fortuitously, they might (with anchovy sauce) eat up their younger and elder relations. WAY TO PROMOTION. Various causes have conspired to raise some to the prelacy. ''About this time," says a vol. in. c 18 DIVINITY chronicler, (1309) " King Edward made Walter " Reynolds archbishop of Canterbury : not (says " the monk of Malmsbury)as a man of learning, " but for his great skill in theatrical plays." Christianity appears to be upheld by good pay ; for Mr. Bigland, in his Essays, has the following remarkable passage : speaking of ecclesiastical emoluments, he observes, if they had not been liberally conferred, in all probability " the Chris- " tian religion, degraded and rendered contempt- " ible by the abject situation of its ministers, " would before this day, have either been totally * extinguished, or degenerated into a mass of " superstitions and absurdities, which would u have reduced it nearly to the level of paganism.'* Unquestionably it ought, by this hypothesis, to have become extinct in the earlier ages of the church : but no, all experience proves that wealth with individuals rather promotes irreligion than otherwise. Who would not rather expect genuine piety from the stipendiary of 1001. a year, than from a bishop with his 20,0001. FATAL VESPERS. It is known to all, that during the reign of James the First, the dreadful accident happened called the Fatal Vespers. A celebrated preacher of the order of Jesuits, Father Drury, gave a AND DIVINES. 19 sermon to a large audience of British subjects, in a spacious room, up three pair of stairs, in a house near Apothecaries hall. In the midst of the discourse the floor fell, and ninety-four persons, beside the preacher, perished! Now comes the disgusting application of a particular providence, or of the uncharitable bigotry of the times. The protestants considered the accident as a judgment on the catholics, for their idola- try ; the catholics, attributed the accident to a plot of the protestants to bring destruction of their dissenting brethren. MISSIONARIES. The missionaries have no such easy time of it. When Campbell preached at the Cape of Good Hope, his sermons had to perform a very round about journey, ere they entered the tents of his hearers. " I preached (says he) through two inter- not on ty there, but also " throwgh owte the realme, theis superfluus fees 11 gyven by the late surrenderd Howses; whiche M fees be gyven in three sortes. The furst to u Bailies, ho hath for smale somes resayving •■ large fees ; and where they have made a dosen, " one war sufficient Secondlye, they have " gyven to generall Resayvors greater fees, " whiche sorte shall never resayve no money ; '* for the particular bailies doth gather the " rentes and so brynges it to the Kynges Re- " sayvor, who stondes charged with the same. " And the thirde sorte haith their fees to be ac- u counseill with the Howse, and yet the greatest " nomber of theym hath no lernynge. Inded 44 DIVINITY " they gave counsell to th'abbot to gyve theym " a Covent seale to robe the Kinge of part of his " Revenues ; wherfore me thinke they might law- " fully at this parliament be called in agane, and " the Kings Highnes shuld resave therbye with- " in his realme iij. or foure thowsand markes by * the least yerly. And further as consarnynge " the Kings leade within his realme, yf it wold " pies his grace to make sales therof it shuld " turne hym to a great proffite. There be mer- " chantes within his realme, I thinke a great " sorte, wold gyve hym iiij" for a foder, and fynd " his Grace suerties sufficient to pad yerly one " porcion therof, whiche I thinke wold be no lees " than xx M 11 . a yere for the space of foure yeres, " whiche war a goodlye payment ; and yet or the " foure yeres war expired their wold every foder H be worthe to the Kinge xx. nobles, considering " the costome in and owte. And further I thinke " that c. M 1 of his pore Sugetes shuld be bene- " fite takers of their retorns whither it war in " money or in ware. And also the yeres beynge " expired, it wold qwyken well agane one of the " commodities of his realme that nowe is dec!, " whiche is the Myndes of his leade. Yt may " pies you to consider that and yf other owtvvard " prynces wold take apon theym to redres their " idell, fayned religiouse Howses, as the Kinges AND DIVINES* 45 " Highnes hath done, as I mystrust not but and " their powers war accordinge as the Kings was " and is they wolde so do, and than shall they " have such abundance of leade of suche like " howses that they woll than sett litell by ours. " Beesechinge your lordship for my follyshe op- " pynyon, so boldlye to you to write of, that ye " wold take with me no displeasure- And thus " I remayn your pore man. From Lowthe the Xti.. day of May. Yours JOHN F REMAN. Addressed to Lord Cromwell. " Right honourable and my verry good Lorde, " pleasyth youre lordeshippe to be advertised, " that I have receyved youre Lettres dated the " xij th daye of this present ; and understond by "•the same your lordeshipps greate goodnes *« towardes my friende the Abbott off Peter- u , borough, for whome I have ben ofte bolde to " wryte unto youre good lordeshipp ; moste " hartely thankynge yo r lordeshipp for that and " all other youre goodnes that I have founde at " youre good lordeshipps handes ; even so, de- " siering you my lorde longe to contynew in the " same. My lorde theis shalbe to asserteyne " that on Thursdaye the xiiij th . daye of this pre- 46 DIVINITY " sent moneth the Abbott of Glastonburye was " arrayned, and the next daye putt to execucyon " with ij. other of his monkes, for the robbyng of " Glastonburye Churche, on the torre hyll next " unto the towne of Glaston ; the seyde Abbotts " body beyng devyded in fower parts, and heed " stryken off, whereof oone quarter stondythe at " Welles, a nother at Bathe, and Ylchester and " Brigewater the rest. And his heed uppon the " Abbey gate at Glaston. And as concernyng " the rape and burglary commytted, those parties " are all condempned, and fower of theym putt " to execucyon at the place of the actdon,whiche " is called the were ; and there adjudged to " hange styll in chaynes to th'ensample of others. " As for Capon, oone of the seyde offenders con- " dempned, I have repried according to yo r •' Lordeshipp's letters ; of whome I shall further " show unto you at my next repayre unto thfe " Courte. And here I do sende yo r lordeshipp, " enclosed, the names of th'enquest that passed " on Why tyng the seid abbot : whiche I ensure •' you my lorde is as worsshipfull a jurye as was " charged here thies many yeres. And there *"• was never seene in thies parts so greate appar- *' aunce as were here at this present tyme, and " never better wyllyng to serve the Kyng. My " Lorde I ensure you there were many bylles AND DIVINES. 47 " putt upp ageynst the abbott by his tenaunts " and others, for wronges and injuryes that he 11 hadd donne theyra. And I commyt yo r good " lordeshipp to the keapyng of the blessed " Trynyte. From Welles the xvj th . daye of No- " vembre. " Your owen to commande " J. RUSSELL.'' BISHOP AYLMER. This worthy prelate could not suffer flattery in a preacher, and esteemed learning, integrity, zeal, and wisdom to be necessary in his character. He said, " that those that were preachers must be no " milksops, no white-livered gentlemen ; that, for " the frowning and cloudy countenance of every " man in authority, will leave his tackle and cry " peccavi. They must be of such a nature as the M poet Terence said of Crito : In vultu gravitas, " in verbis fides — to have gravity in his counte- " nance and faithfulness on his speech. That " they should not be afraid to rebuke the proud - " est, no 1 not kyngs and queens, so far forth as " the two tables reach : that they stoop not to " any man's back, nor study to please men more *« than God." Honest Aylmer's idea is correct, but, alas ! his advice is not, nor could be at all followed in this day. 48 DIVINITY ANTI-CHRIST. Joseph Mede, a learned English divine, of the seventeenth century, published his Clavis Apo- calyptica. Mr. Mede proceeds to show that idolatry is the main character of the churches' apostacy ; and that pagan idolatry is not infer- red ; nor can the Saracen or Turk be the anti- christ meant in Scripture ; that anti-christ is a counter-christ, and his coming a counter-resem- blance of the coming of Christ. In fine, anti- christ is popery, on account of its saint-worship. Thomas Barlowe, bishop of Lincoln, in the reign of Charles II. wrote a pamphlet upon the ques- tion, whether the Turk or the pope be the greater anti-christ. He makes it out that the pope is certainly to be preferred, because he has some properties and characteristic marks of that beast which the Turk neither has nor can pretend to. On the other hand, Bishop Montague in his book, " Appello Csesarem," in the fifth chapter, remarks that the pope and prelacy of Rome are anti-christians ; but that the pope is mogfius Hie anti-christus, is neither determined by the public doctrine of the church, nor proved by any good argument of private men ; but that the marks of the great anti-christ fit the Turkish tyranny every way as well as the papacy. Who shall decide when doctors disagree AND DI-VTNES. 49 LEO THE TENTH. When Pope Leo the tenth consecrated the cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle, he was attended by a whole army of bishops, no less than three hundred and sixiy-five ! No doubt the Emperor Charlemagne, then present, was highly delighted especially at the presents of relics very freely bestowed on that occasion. By the way, Pope Leo the tenth met with early preferment. Gio- vanni Medici, afterwards Leo the tenth, was ad- vanced to an ecclesiastical benefice at seven years ! in the year following, to an archbishopric, by the king of France, and to the college of car- dinals, at the age of thirteen. THAN SUBSTANTIATION. When the French, in their revolutionary mad- ness, exhibited a real woman to be worshipped as the goddess of liberty, was it not less ideal than when in their popish days they represented the Deity under a corporeal form, and as Stell, in his * Beehive of the Romish Church,' observes, which God is a very patient one, always pleased alike, and at one stay, provided always that he be safely kept and well guarded ' from mice, moths, and worms, which are his deadly foes. VOL. III. E 20 DIVINITY WILLIAM PENN. The shape of,and the doffing of hats,have occu- pied much of the world's attention, and perhaps ever will, since it was George Fox who first disco- vered that " The Lord forbad him to put off his " hat to any man, high or low." But further as to hat worship. William Penn, son of Vice- admiral Sir W. Penn, soon became tinctured with quakerism, which caused frequent family feuds ; he was also greatly persecuted in the time of Charles II. At length, after being im- prisoned, he went back to his father's house, where a long disputation took place on the sub- ject of the son's creed. It broke up with this moderate and very loyal proposition on the part of the vice-admiral, — that the young quaker should consent to sit with his hat off in presence of the king, the duke of York, and the admiral himself! In return for which slight compliance it was stipulated, that he should no longer be molested for any of his opinions or practices. The heroic convert, however would listen to no terms of composition ; and after taking some days to consider of it, reported that his con- science would not comport with any species of hat-worship. Penn was therefore again turned out of his father's house for his pains. AND DIVINES. 51 ARCHBISHOP LAUD. Land, Archbishop of Canterbury, in a sermon preached before the parliament, about the be- ginning of the reign of Charles I., affirms the power of prayer to be so great, that though there be a conjunction or opposition of Saturn or Mars, (as there was at that time of one of them,) it would overcome the malignity of it. i/abbe de choisy. The Abbe de Choisy not only dedicated his translation of Thomas a Kempis to a courtezan, Madame de Maintenon, but added as a motto, from the Psalms, — " hear, my daughter, and see, and incline thine ear, and the king shall desire thy beauty." ITALIAN EPITAPHS. Anthony Panormita, secretary to Alphonso, king of Naples, wrote an epitaph for himself, which is, at one and the same time, a proof of his presumption and orthodoxy. It runs thus :— " Quaerite, Pierides, alium qui ploret amores, Quaerite, qui reguni fortia facta canat ; MePater ille ingens, hominumsator atque redemptor, Evocat, et sedes donat adire pias." That is, " O Muses, seek for another poet to " write amorous verses, and sing the mighty acts 52 DIVlNITY " of kings, for I am going to Paradise, whither I ei am called by the great God, the Creator and 'f Redeemer of mankind." Signor Brundisi died at Rome, April 5, 1760. " He was a long suspected writer of our most in- tC veterate pasquinades," says an Italian, " not " only against the government, but in opposition " to many tenets of our most holy catholic faith." The church, as they did not allow him to be one of their communion, would not grant him Chris- tian burial, but deposited his remains in an un- hallowed ground, without the gate which leads to the Appian way. Over the grave is a stone with the following inscription ;-~- Here rots, His soul irrecoverably lost, ' The residuum of Signor Brundisi, 1 Late the tenant of depravity, sedition and schism. He was a native of Milan, but being a lover of antiquities, had retired to Rome with an inde- pendent annuity, which he took care to distri- bute. '$&& little effects, which consisted of fifty Roman crowns, and a scanty wardrobe, are left, agreeably to his whimsical character, to the Je- suits of Paraguay, and the exiled brotherhood > now in the campagnse, for supporting, as he ex- presses it, the drama of their order, and the ho* nour of the pontiff. AND DIVINES. 53 HENRY THE EIGHTH TO CARDINAL WOLSEY. [Ms. Cotton, vesp. f. xiii. fol. 71. Orig.] u Myne awne good Cardinall, I recommande " me unto you with all my hart, and thank yow " for the greete payne and labour that yow do *' dayly take in my bysynes and maters, desyryng " yow (that wen yow have well establyshyd " them) to take summe pastyme and comforte, " to the intent yow may the longer endure to " serve us ; for allways payne can nott be in- " duryd. Surly yow have so substancyally or- " deryd oure maters bothe off thys syde the See *' and beyonde that in myne oppynyon lityll or " nothyng can be addyd ; nevertheles, accord- " yng to> your desyre, I do send yow myne op- " pynyon by thys berar, the reformacioon where- " orTl do remytte to yow and the remnante oft' " our trusty consellers, whyche I am sure wyll V substantyally loke on hyt. As tochyng the " mater that Syr Wyllyam Say broght answar " ofF, I am well contentyd with what order so '* ever yow do take in itt. The Quene my wyff •J hathdesyryd me to make har most harty re- u commendations to yow, as to hym that she •' lovethe very well, and both she and I wolde VOL. III. 51 DIVINITY ** knowe fayne when yow will repayre to us. No " more to yow att thys tyme bot that with God's " helpe I trust we shall dyssyoynte oure enymys " off theyre intendyd ^purpose. Wryttyn with " the hand of your lovyug master HENRY, R. ENGLISH BENEFICES. Regarding the actual state of fat and lean livings, or leavings, as some call them, in Eng- land at this time, hear Simpson in his Plea for Religion. He says, " I have spoken of the pa- " tronage of church livings. Some of my readers " may be in a great degree strangers to the state " of it. I have taken some pains to inform my- " self upon the subject, and I find that it stands " nearly in the following proportions. I speak " generally, but yet accurately enough for the " purposes of common information. It is well " known then, that the church-livings of Eng- " land and Wales, make together, speaking in " round numbers, about ten thousand. Of these, " near a thousand are in the gift of the king. It " is customary, however, for the lord chancellor " to present to all livings under the value of " twenty pounds, in the king's book, and for the " ministers of state to present to all the rest. " Those under twenty pounds, are about seven ° hundred and eighty, and those above, near one AND DIVINES. 55 " hundred and eighty. Upwards of sixteen hun- " dred pieces of church preferment, of different " sizes and descriptions, are in the gift of the " twenty-six bishops ; more than six hundred in " the presentation of the two Universities ; about " one thousand in the gift of the several cathe- drals, and other clerical institutions; about three " thousand seven hundred livings are in the no- " mination of the nobility and gentry of the land, " men, women, and children; and fifty or sixty '• there may be of a description different from " any of the above, and nearer to the propriety of " things/' And we find Sir William Scott fur- ther elucidating the above, in a speech made about the year 1802. He states, that out of eleven thousand seven hundred livings, there are six thousand under eighty pounds per ann. ; many of those twenty pounds, thirty pounds, and some so low as two or three pounds per annum. bishop's stall. Eusebius, inhis Evangelical Preparation, draws a long parallel between the ox and the christian priesthood. Hence the dignified clergy, out of more humility ,have ever since called their thrones by the name of stalls ; to which a great prelate of Winchester, one W. Edinton, modestly al- E 4 56 DIVINITY luding, has rendered his name immortal by this ecclesiastical aphorism, who would otherwise have been forgotten ; " Canterbury is the higher "rack, but Winchester is the bestmanger." SEASONAULE PRAYERS. Mr. Warner has been pleased to inform the world, " that the late right honourable C. J. Fox, " never omitted saying the Lord's Prayer when- ever he went to bed, whether early or late, teke- " ther under the influence of wine or in his sober " senses." Birmingham Hutton, has, like Mr. Warner, been as careful to record a similar thing. " Looking into my father's pocket book, I found this resolution written a month before ; — ' O " Lord, by thy assistance, I will not enter a pub- "■lie house on this side Easter." The old gen- tleman, according to his son's account, was ama- zingly fond of a cup of ale. MONUMENT IN ST. PAUl/s. Is it not a libel on national taste to observe in the cathedral of the metropolis, the statue of Captain Burgess, exposed at full length as a naked figure ? Surely this is not the costume of the navy ? Did the hero tread the quarter deck in this state, during the engagement, when he fell ? We should suppose not; therefore the AND DIVINES. 57 artist has sinned at once against naval order, correct taste, and even against national deco- rum. Mr. Pitt or Mr. Fox, so represented, would look ridiculous; — then why not Captain Burgess. WILLIAM RUFUS AND THE ORDEAL. When ten Englishmen had been cleared by the ordeal of fire from the charge of killing deer, in the time of William Rufus, that king being pre- sent exclaimed, " pretty justice above indeed ! '• to let ten such scoundrels escape.' 1 SPANISH HYPERBOLE. A Spanish preacher discoursing on the temp- tation, exclaimed, " happily for mankind the " lofty Pyrenees hid this delightful country of u Spain from the eyes of the Redeemer, else the " temptation had been too strong for the blessed "Lord!" SPANISH EPITAPHS. The following is a singular epitaph. " Here " lies Don Martin John Barbuda, grand-master " of Alcantara, who never knew what fear was." Charles V. of Germany, on perusing the con- ceited legend, remarked that Don Martin had probably never snuffed a candle with his fingers. 58 DIVINITY Pope parodied the short epitaph of the Count of Mirandola : — Johannes jacet hie Mirandola ; caetera norunt Et Tagus et Ganges, forsan ac Antipodes. For a very opposite character, thus : — Here lies Lord Coningsby ; be civil : The rest, God knows, — perhaps the devil. And Swift applied the same to Colonel Francis Chartres, whom Pope coupled with the devil. PURGATORY. There is it appears alimbus of children. Dre- lincourt, in his dialogue upon the descent of Christ into hell, says, "it seems (speaking of "the Jesuit missionaries,) that some masters of " your schools have really descended into the " bowels of the earth, and exactly discovered " and visited all the secret places there. Their " most common opinion is, first, that there are " under the earth four different places, or one " deep place, divided into four parts ; they say * that the lowest place in hell is where all the " souls of the damned are, and where their bo- " dies shall also be after the resurrection ; and " there also the devils are to be shut up : that " the place next to hell is purgatory, or the place AND DIVINES. 59 u where souls are purged, but rather where they " satisfy divine vengeance by their sufferings. u They say that in those two places there is the " same fire, and an equal heat, and that all the " difference is only in respect of duration. They " think that adjoining to purgatory there is the " limbus of little children, who die without the " sacrament; and that the fourth place is the «' limbus of the fathers, i. e. the place where the " souls of the just are gathered together, who " died before the death of sur Saviour. They " maintain that the place is empty at present, so " that there is one house to let." Is not this doctrine rather awkward ? Why, two-thirds of mankind are thus put into the limbus of little children, when we consider the number of infants who lose their lives without having received baptism, either because they died after their birth, or because they perished by a voluntary or involuntary miscarriage, to say nothing of the abortions which every part of the earth has been obliged to concern themselves about* It was said one day to a missionary, you cannot say of the limbus infantum what the poets say of hell, that it is a little house, Domusexilis Plu- toma. " There needs not much place," an- swered he, " for embrios." " But/' replied the other, " how many children four or five years VOL. III. 6*0 DIVINITY " old go to the limbus ? And besides, do you " not know that embrios and all children shall " rise perfect men ?" " Well answered he, " do M not trouble yourself about it, the world is big 11 enough." DOCTOR GRANT. Dr, Alexander Grant, in his sermons, vol. 5 page 191, breaks out — "Let us hope in God, '* that the time is not far distant, when this in- " human miscreant (Buonapart) shall be convinc- " ed of his mistake, by the signal notoriety of " the just vengeance of heaven in his punishment. Does not Dr. G's master instruct him to love his enemies ? and did not he pray, even for his mur- derers, upon the cross ? MAUSOLEUM. A vain and covetous nobleman employed an architect to erect for him a splendid mansoleum. When it was finished, he said to the artist, " Is M there any thing wanting to complete it?" No- f thing but your lordship's corpse,'' replied the architect. HOLY LOTTERY. Fearon in his Sketches of America, relates that at Natchez, they had a lottery for the pur- pose of building a Presbyterian church. The scheme was preceded by a long address 'upon AND DIVINES. 61 the advantages of religion, and the necessity of all citizens supporting Christianity, by purchasing tickets in this Holy Lottery. CLERICAL PRECEDENCY. Hugo, the pope's legate, coming into Eng- land, a contocation was summoned at Westmin- ster, where Richard, archbishop of Canterbury, being seated at the right hand of the legate, Roger, archbishop of York, coming in, would needs have displaced him; which, when the other would not suffer, he sat down in his lap ; all wondered at this insolence, and the servants of Canterbury drew him by violence out of this ill-chosen place, threw him down, tore his robes, trod upon him, and used him very despitefully. He, in this dusty pickle, went and complained to the king, who was at first very angry, but when he was informed of the whole truth, he laughed at it, and said he was rightly served. EXPECTANCY. Mr. Beloe, in his Sexagenarian, calmly nar- rates, that there was a very respectable fellow of one of the minor colleges, wh©, in expectation of valuable preferment from his society, had formed a connection with a lady of his own years. Unluckily the incumbent, (incubus ?) 62 DIVINITY whose decease was earnestly expected, was one of those personages, of whom there are many, who exemplify the old proverb of " creaking doors," &c. These are the speculations of those who have the cure or care of souls, not neglecting, even in anticipation, the care of their own bodies. But what a cold-blooded mechanical phrase is that of " whose decease was earnestly expected." 'Tis open and candid however to tell the whole truth at once, however unchristian like it might be. THE TERAPHIM. How to make a Teraphim. — A Teraphim is spoken of by Zachariah x, 2. " The Teraphim have spoken vanity." Godwin, that learned au- thor upon Jewish antiquities, favours us with the method of composing one. — A species of image endowed by magic art with power of prophesying. He quotes Rabbi Eluzis as the author. The Receipt. They killed a man that was a first-born son, and wrung off his head, and seasoned it with salt and spices, and wrote upon a plate of gold the name of an unclean spirit, and put it under the head on a wall, and lighted candles before it and worshipped it." With such a teraphim as AND DIVINES. 63 this they say Laban spake. The Rev. Mr. Birch, upon this subject, and translating 1 Sam. xv. 23, rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubborn- ness is as iniquity and idolatry, observes, the li- teral translation of the Hebrew is as follows : — " rebellion is the sin of divination, and stubborn- " ness is the vanity and the teraphim." Magic, idolatry, and the impious and superstitious wor- ship of the teraphim were extremely hateful to the deity. The Hebre>v word Kesem is taken in general for all kinds of magic, divine, or witch- craft. The vanity, means idolatry and the vain und delusive worship of the creature. The Te- raphim are idols, or magical and superstitious figures. These teraphim were very probably a kind of idol, which originally belonged to the Chaldeans. The teraphim of Laban (Genesis xxxi. 30,) and those of the king of Babylon, (Ezekiel xx, 21.) The name teraphim, which may be derived from the same root as seraphim in the Hebrew, and which signifies burning fire, and the sun worshipped by the Persians ; all these circumstances may confirm this conjecture. Oracles are inscribed to teraphim, (Judges xvii. 5, and xviii, 5, and Zach. x. 2.) but what the form of them was is unknown. Maimonides says that the Zabians had figures of gold, which re- presented the sun, and figures of silver, which VOL. III. 64 DIVINITY represented the moon ; they placed them in niches, and inscribed to them a virtue of disco- vering things future by a secret influence of the stars. The greatest part of the rabbins confound the teraphim with talismans and constellated figures. The Persian interpreter has translated teraphim by the word astrolabe ; and Rabbi Moses Nachman is of opinion that they were a kind of clock, which showed the hours and dis- covered what was to come to pass. Ludovicus de Dieu thinks that they were the Di'i Penates, or household gods, which were worshipped in order to obtain of them the increase and protec- tion of the substance of their family. He derives teraphim from teraph, which in the Arabic and Ethiopian, signifies to cause any thing to abound. Rachel stole her father Laban's teraphim only in hopes of taking away the prosperity of the fa- mily with them, which perhaps was the reason of Laban's impatience to bring them back again. Pererius, in Genesis xxxi. 19, and Bonfrerius Rivet, upon Hosea i. 3, and a great many other writers, are of opinion the name teraphim is frequently given to idols or figures in general, which is likewise very probable. See also Cal- met. AND DIVINES. 65 CLERICAL PRECISION. Bishop Wren calculated that he walked round the earth while a prisoner in the Tower of Lon- don. Even Swift counted the number of steps he took from London to Chelsea. Honest Man- ton wrote one hundred and nineteen sermons on the hundred and nineteenth psalm! MONUMENT IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY. Hutton of Birmingham, in his London Tour, when visiting Westminster Abbey, (where, we may add, repose under monuments, peer, pimp, and player, chaste and unchaste,) says, " I was " particularly diverted with a monument belong- " ing to the name of Hargrove, a nabob, wha " was said to have acquired a vast fortune by " dishonourable means. His ambition and his " money conducted him into Westminster Abbey, " and erected a first-rate monument over him. " This monument describes the resurrection. " The earth and the skies are tumbling to pieces, "while the angel above is sounding the last " trumpet. The defunct is represented as rising " from the grave with astonishment in his face, " and opens a curtain to see what may be the "matter. Some Westminster wag wrote under " the figure, vol. in. y 66 DIVINITY Lie still if you're wise ; You'll be damn'd if you rise." PURITANICAL PREACHER. The famous Hugh Peters, one of the fanatics of Cromwell's time, preaching on Psalm cvii. 7, " we led them forth by the right way, that they " might go to the city of habitation," told his audience that God was forty years leading Israel through the wilderness to Canaan, which was not forty day's march ; but that God's way was a great way about. He then made a circumflex on his cushion, and said that the Israelites were led " crincledom cum crancledom." MONKS. King John, pointing to a fat deer said, " see 1* how plump he is, and yet he has never heard " mass !" John might have alluded to the glut- tony of the monks, which was notorious in his days ; for Giraldus Cambrensis says, that from the monks of St. Swithin's, Winchester, Henry II. received a formal complaint against the abbot, for depriving his priests of three out of thirteen dishes at every meal. The monks of Canter- bury exceeded those of St. Swithin ; they had seventeen dishes every day, and each of these rooked with spices and the most savoury and rich sauces. AND DIVINES. 67 ARCHBISHOP AGILNOTH. Agilnoth, an Englishman, and archbishop of Canterbury, in the days of Canute, wrote several books ; among* the rest was a Book in praise of the Virgin Mary, addressed to Fulbert, bishop of Chartres. In this letter, he says, according to Bale, that the Virgin visited bishop Fulbert, and refreshed him with her milk when he was sick. But let us quote Bale's words to give the reader a notion of his manner of writing. " In libro " suo de Maries laudibus, somniat hie prodigiorum " Patronus hane Virginem Fulbert um Carnotensem 1,1 Episcopum visit asse, lacteque suo refomsse egro- « turn: 1 PIOUS EXTRAVAGANCIES. A monk once wrote a book with this title, " Devote Salutation des Membres Sacres du " Corps de la glorieuse Mere de Dieu." There are some such liberties of a poetical nature; — enthusiasts will make free. Read the following parts of Moravian hymns, upon their favourite subjects — wounds and nail prints. How bright appeareth the wound's star, In heaven's firmament from far ! And round the happy places Of the true wounds church here below, In at each window they shine so, j Directly on our faces, r 2 68 DIVINITY Dear race of grace, Sing thou hymns on Four holes of crimson And side pierced : Bundle (burden) this of all the blessed. Again on other favourite subjects,— chickens, lambkins. What is now to children the dearest thing here ? To be the lamb's lambkins and chickens most dear- Such lambkins are nourished with food which is best; Such chickens sit safely and warm in the nest. And— And when Satan at an hour, Comes our chickens to devour, Let the children's angels say, These are Christ's chicks— go thy way. FEMALE SAINTS. Of the chanty of Madame Braugnon, we are told in her life, that " God gave to her from her infancy, the gift of continence and chastity in so perfect a manner, that she has often said, that she never had in all her life, not even by tempta- tion or surprise, the least thought which could be unworthy of the chastity and purity of the virgin state/' M. Terese has written of herself that God had formerly favoured her with the AND DIVINES 69 same grace. Some casuists would call this gift that of infigidation, or attribute the whole to a special deformity. SCOTCH PRAYERS. When a highland party of robbers was form- ed for an expedition against their neighbours' property, they and their friends prayed as ear- nestly to heaven for success, as if they were engaged in the most laudable design. The con- stant petition of grace of the old Highland chief tains was delivered with great fervour in these terms : " Lord, turn the world upside down, " that Christians may make bread out of it." The plain English of this pious request was, says Mr. Pennant, that the world might become, for their benefit, a scene of rapine and confusion. EPITAPH. On Mrs. Greenwood, at Clehangher, in De- vonshire. Oh death ! Oh death ! thou hast cut down The fairest Greenwood in the town. Her worth and amiable qualities were such, That she certainly deserved a lord or judge ; But her virtue and great humility Made her rather choose a doctor in divinity : VOL. III. 70 DIVINITY For which heroic act, among the rest, She was justly deemed the phoenix of her sex ; And like that bird, a young one she did beget, Only to comfort those she has left disconsolate. My grief for her is so sore, That I can only add four lines more : For her'3 and other good women's sake, Never let a blister be put on a lying-in woman's back: For all such disorders any body may have, It seldom, fails, I think, to bring the patient to the grave. DESTRUCTION OF LIBRARIES IN THE TIME OP HENRY VIII., AT THE DISSOLUTION OF THE MONASTERIES. It is a circumstance well known to every one at all conversant in English history, that the supclression of the lesser monastories by that ra- pacious monarch, Henry the Vlllth. took place in 1536. Bishop fisher when the abolition was first proposed in the convocation, strenuously opposed it, and told his brethren that this was fairly shewing the king how he might come at the great monasteries. " And so my lords," continued he, if you grant the king these smaller monasteries, you do but make him a handle whereby he may cut down all the cedars within your Lebanons." Fisher's fears were borne out by the subsequent act of Henry, who AND DIVINES. 71 after quelling a civil commotion occasioned by the suppression of the lesser monasteries, imme- diately abolished the remainder, and in the whole suppressed six hundred and forty-five mo- nasteries, of which twenty-eight had abbots who enjoyed seats in parliament. Ninety colleges were demolished ; two thousand three hundred and seventy-four charities and free chapels, and one hundred and ten hospitals. The havoc that was made among the libraries, cannot be better described than in the words of Bayle, bishop of Ossory, in the preface to Lelands " New Year's Gift to King Henry the Eighth." " A greate nombre of them whyche purchased those superstycyouse mansyons, (monasteries) reserved of those librarye bookes, some to serve theyr jokes, some to scoure theyr candlestyckes, and some to rubbe theyr bootes. Some they solde to the grossers and sope-sellers, and some they sent over see to the book bynders, not in small nombre, but at tymes whole shyppes full to the wonderynge of foren nacyons: yea ye uni- versytes of thys realme are not alle clere in thys detestable fact. But cursed is that bellye whych seketh to be fedde with suche ungodlye gaynes, and so depelye shameth hys natural conterye. I knowe a merchant manne whyche shall at thys tyme be namelesse, that boughte ye contentes of 72 DIVINITY two noble lybraryes for forty shyllynges pryce: a shame it is to be spoken : Thys stuffe hath he occupyed in the stede of grey paper, by the space of more than these ten yeares and yet he hath store ynoughe for as manye yeares to come. A prodygyouse example is thys to be abhorred of all men whyche love thyr nacyon as they shoulde do. The monkes kepte them undre dust, ye ydle headed prestes regarded them not, theyr latter owners have most shamefully abused them, and ye covetouse merchantes have solde them awaye into foren nacyons for moneye " JAMES LENFANT. James Lenfant, a learned French divine in the seventeenth century, is stated to have dreamed at the end of May, 1728, that he was ordered to preach before the king. He excused him, alleg- ing that he was not prepared ; and not knowing what subject he should pitch upon, was directed to preach upon these words, Isaiah xxxviii. 1, — " Set thine house in order, for thou shalt die and not live,'" He related this dream to some of his friends, but said nothing of it to his wife, for fear of alarming her. It is not known whether this dream made any impression on him, for he was not at all credulous or superstitious ; but it is certain that he made the utmost haste to finish AND DIVINES. 73 his history of the war of the Hussites, and the Council of Basil. On Sunday, July the 25th fol- lowing, he had preached in his turn; but on Thursday following, which was the 29th of the same month, he was surprised with a slight at- tack of the palsy, and died on the 4th of August. APPLICATION OF SCRIPTURE. When the apostate emperor Julian made war against the Persians, he laid a heavy tax upon the Christians, who, complaining, he made them this answer; " That it was just and reasonable they should be oppressed, since their own God had said, * l happy are those who suffer oppres- sion and persecution." And when he pillaged the churches and the priests, he said, " it was done that they might the more easily attain hea- ven ; for it is written, * blessed are the poor, for they shall inherit the kingdom of heaven." DR. CROXALL. On the 13th of January, 1730, the anniversary of Charles's martyrdom, Dr. Croxall preached a sermon before the House of Commons from the following text ; — " take away the wicked from before the king, and his throne shall be esta- blished in righteousness." This sermon gave such offence to Sir Robert Walpole, that he pre- 74 DIVINITY vented the thanks of the house from being pre- sented to the preacher. Orator Henley, who then figured away, availed himself of this, and at his next lecture the following motto appeared. Away with the wicked before the king, And away with the wicked behind him ; His throne it will bless With righteousness, And we shall know where to find him. DUKE OF MECKLENBURG. The duke of Mecklenburg, father of Queen Charlotte, being once in familiar conversation with the late pope, he was asked by his holiness, " whether his countrymen, the Germans, conti- nued to drink as hard as they used to do?" " Oh no/' replied the duke, " the sottish custom " is quite given over, except in the ecclesiastical " electorates." EISHOP OF ST. L1SIEUX. The massacre of St. Bartholomew was not confined to Paris; orders were sent to the most distant provinces to destroy all the protestants. When the governor of the province brought the order to Kennuyer, bishop of Lisieux,he opposed it with all his power, and caused a formal act of his opposition to be entered in the registers of AND DIVINES. 75 the province ! ! ! Charles IX. when remorse had taken place of cruelty, was so far from disap- proving of what this excellent prelate had done, that he gave him the greatest praise for his hu- manity, and protestants flocked in numbers to abjure their religion at the feet of this good and kind shepherd, whose gentleness affected them more than either the commands of the sovereign, or the violence of the soldiery. It may be ne- cessary to add, that the above anecdote is taken from a catholic writer. BISHOP WARBURTON. In the letters of this literary colossus, left for publication by his friend, bishop Hurd, there is the following characteristic anecdote, in which the urbanity of his late majesty stands well con- trasted with the roughness of the controversialist. "I brought," says the bishop, (Feb. 20, 1767,) " as usual, a bad cold with me to town ; and this " being the first day I ventured out of doors, it "was employed, as in duty bound, at court, it " being a levee day. A buffoon lord in waiting, " (you may guess whom I mean,) was very busy " marshalling the circle ; he said to me, ' move " forward, you clog up the door.' I replied with " a little civility, « did nobody clog up the king's ''.door-stead more than I, there would be room 76 DIVINITY " for all honest men.' This brought the man u to himself. When the king came up to " me, he asked me why I did not come to levee " before ? 1 said, * I understood there was no " business going forward in the house, in which " I could bs of service to his majesty f He re- " plied, * he supposed the severe storm of snow " would have brought me up.' I replied, 'I was " under the cover of a very warm house.' You " see by all this, how unfit I am for courts." DR. JOHNSON. The king when in conversation with Dr. John- son, observed, that Pope made Warburton a bishop. "True, Sire," said Johnson; " but H Warburton did more for Pope, — he made him "a Christian!" alluding no doubt to his inge- nious comments on the " Essay on Man/' JOHN WESLEY. Mr. Wesley contrived to give away more money in charity out of a small income than any man perhaps of his time. His mode, as related by himself was this. When he had thirty pounds a year, he lived on twenty-eight, and gave away forty shillings; the next year receiving sixty pounds, he still lived on twenty-eight, and gave away thirty-two; the third year he received ninety pounds, and gave away sixty-two; the ANI> DIVINES. 77 fourth year he received a hundred and twenty pounds, still he lived on twenty-eight, and gave to the poor ninety-two ; and so on to the end of the chapter of this worthy man's benevolence. On a moderate calculation, he gave away in about fifty years, twenty or thirty thousand pounds. LEGEND OF THE HOLY LANCE. When the army of the first crusaders, shut up by the beseiging Turks within the walls ofAn- tioch, were reduced to the greatest extremity, they were indebted for their salvation and victory to the same fanaticism which had led them to the brink of ruin. In such a cause, and in such an army, visions, prophecies, and miracles, were frequent and familiar. In the distress of Antioch, they were repeated with unusual energy and success. St. Ambrose had assured a pious ec- clesiastic, that two years of trial must precede the season of deliverance and grace ; the deser- ters were stopped by the presence and reproaches of Christ himself; the dead had promised to arise and combat for their brethren; the Virgin had obtained the pardon of their sins ; and their confidence was revived by a visible sign, the sea- sonable and splendid discovery of the Holy Lance. The policy of their chiefs has on this 78 DIVINITY occasion been admired, and might surely be ex- cused ; but a pious fraud is seldom produced by the cool conspiracy of many persons ; and a vo- luntary imposter might depend on the support of the wise, and the credulity of the people. Of the diocese of Marseilles, there was a priest of low cunning and loose manners, and his name was Peter Bartholemy. He presented himself at the door of the council chamber, to disclose an apparition of St. Andrew, which had been thrice reiterated in his sleep, with a dreadful menace, if he presumed to suppress the com- mands of heaven. " At Antioch," said the Apos- tle, "in the church of my brother St. Peter, near "the high altar, is concealed the steel head of the " lance that pierced the side of our redeemer. " In three days, that instrument of eternal, and " now of temporal, salvation, will be manifested "to his disciples. Search, and ye shall find; " bear it aloft in battle ; and that mystic weapon " shall penetrate the souls of the miscreants." The pope's legate, the bishop of Rey, affected to listen with coldness and distrust ; but the reve- lation was eagerly accepted by Count Raymond, whom his faithful subject, in the name of the Apostle, had chosen for the guardian of the Holy Lance. The experiment was resolved, and on the third day, after a due preparation of prayer AND DIVINES. 79 and fasting, the priest of Marseilles introduced twelve trusty spectators, among whom were the count and his chaplain ; and the church doors were barred against the impetuous multitude. The ground was opened in the appointed place, but the workmen who relieved each other, dug to the depth of twelve feet, without discovering the object of their search. In the evening, when Count Raymond had withdrawn to his post, and the weary assistants began to murmur, Barthole- my in his shirt, and without shoes, boldly de- scended into the pit: the darkness of the hour and the place, enabled him to secrete and deposit the head of a saracen lance ; and the first sound, the first gleam of the steel, was saluted with a devout rapture. The Holy Lance was drawn from its recess, wrapt in a veil of silk and gold, and exposed to the veneration of the crusaders ; their anxious suspense burst forth in a general shout of joy and hope, and the desponding troops were again inflamed with the enthusiasm of va- lour. Whatever had been the arts, and whatever might be the sentiments of the chiefs, they skil- fully improved this fortunate revolution by every aid that discipline and devotion could afford. The soldiers were dismissed to their quarters, with an injunction to fortify their minds and bo- dies for the approaching conflict .freely to bestow 80 DIVINITY their last pittance on themselves and their horses, and to expect with the dawn of day the signal of victory. On the festival of St. Peter and St. Paul, the gates of Antioch were thrown open ; a martial psalm, "Let the Lord arise, and let his enemies be scattered !" was chaunted by a pro* cession of priests and monks ; the battle array was marshalled in twelve divisions, in honour of the twelve apostles ; and the Holy Lance, in the absence of Raymond, was entrusted to the hands of his chaplain. The influence of this relic or trophy, was felt by the servants, and perhaps by the enemies of Christ; and its potent energy was heightened by an accident, or stratagem, or a rumour of a miraculous complexion. Three knights, in white garments and resplendant arms, either issued, or seemed to issue from the hills; the voice of Adlamar, the pope's legate, pro- claimed them as the martyrs St. George, St. Theodore, and St. Maurice : the tumult of battle allowed no time for scrutiny, and the welcome apparition dazzled the eyes or the imagination cf a fanatic army. In the season of danger and triumph, the revelation of Bartholomew of Mar- seilles was unanimously asserted ; but as soon as the temporary service was accomplished, the per- sonal dignity and liberal alms which the Count of Tholouse derived from the custody of the Holy AND DIVINES. 81 Lance, provoked the envy and awakened the rea- son of his rivals. A Norman clerk presumed to sift, with a philosophic spirit, the truth of the leg-end, the circumstances of the discovery, and the character of the prophet ; and the pious Bo- hemond ascribed their deliverance to the merits and intercession of Christ alone. For a while the Provencals defended their national/ palla- dium with clamours and arms ; and new visions condemned to death and hell the profane scep- tics, who presumed to scrutinize the truth and merit of the discovery. The prevalence of in- credulity compelled the author to submit his life and veracity to the judgment of God. A pile of dry faggots, four feet high, and fourteen long, was erected in the midst of the camp; the flames burnt fiercely to the elevation of thirty cubits ; and a narrow path of twelve inches was left for the perilous trial. The unfortunate priest of Marseilles traversed the fire with dexterity and speed ; but his thighs and belly were scorch- ed by the intense heat : he expired the next day, and the logic of believing minds will pay some regard to his dying protestations of innocence and truth. Some efforts were made by the Pro- vencals to substitute a cross, a ring, or a taber- nacle, in place of the Holy Lance, which soon vanished in contempt and oblivion. Yet the re- VOL. III. G 82 DIVINITY velation of Antioch is gravely asserted by suc- ceeding historians ; and such is the progress of cre- dulity, that miracles most doubtful on the spot, and at the moment, will be received with implicit faith at a convenient distance of time and space. CARBASSON. Pere Carbasson brought up an ourang-outang, which became so fond of him, that wherever he went it was always desirous of accompanying him. Whenever therefore he had to perform the service of his church, he was under the necessity of shutting it up in his room. Once however^ the animal escaped, and followed the father to the church, where silently mounting the sound- ing-board above the pulpit, he lay perfectly still till the sermon commenced. He then crept to the edge, and overlooking the preacher, imitated all his gestures in so grotesque a manner, that the whole congregation was unavoidably urged to laugh. The father, surprised and confounded at this ill-timed levity, severely rebuked his au- dience for their inattention. The reproof failed in its effect; the congregation still laughed, and the preacher in the warmth of his zeal redoubled his vociferation and his action ; these the ape imitated so exactly, that the congregation could no longer restrain themselves, but burst out into AND DIVINES. 83 a loud and continued laugh. A friend of the preacher's at length stepped up to him, and pointed out the cause of this improper conduct ; and such was the arch demeanor of the animal, that it was with the utmost difficulty he could himself command his gravity, while he ordered the servants of the church to take him away. ROWLAND HILL. The reverend Rowland Hill, travelling alone, was once accosted by a footpad, who, by the agi- tation of his voice and manner, appeared to be young in his profession. After delivering to the man his money and his watch, curiosity prompted him to question him on the motives which had urged him to so desperate a course. The man candidly confessed, that being out of employ- ment, with a wife and children who were perish- ing for want, despair had forced him to turn robber, but that this was the first act of the kind in which he had engaged. Mr. Hill, struck with the apparent sincerity of the man, and feeling for his distress, communicated his name and ad- dress, and told him to call upon him the next day. The man did so, and was immediately taken into the service of this humane divine, where he continued until his death. Nor did Mr. H. ever divulge the circumstance, until he g 2 84 DIVINITY related it in the funeral sermon which he preach- ed on the death of his domestic. The same gentleman being called upon one evening to visit a sick man, found a poor ema- ciated creature in a wretched bed, without any thing to alleviate his miserable condition. Look- ing more narrowly, he observed that the man was actually without a shirt; on which Mr. Hill instantly stripped himself, and forced his own upon the reluctant, but surprised and grateful object; then buttoning himself up closely, he hastened homewards, sent every thing that was necessary for the destitute being he had just left, provided medical aid, and had the satisfaction of restoring a fellow creature to his family, and of placing him in a situation to provide for its sup- port. LEIGHTON. When Archbishop Leighton was minister of a parish in Scotland, this question was asked of the ministers at their provincial meeting, — " If they preached the duties of the times ?" When it was found that Mr. L. did not, and he was blamed for the omission, he answered, "If all the brethren have preached on the times, may not one poor brother be suffered to preach on eternity? May ministers preach on the subject AND DIVINES. 85 of eternity, and hearers hear, in the view of that great and momentous concern," CHURCH AIIXITANTS. During the Irish rebellion, a Roman catholic priest of the name of Roche, is said to have told the soldiers that he would catch the bullets in his hand, and actually exhibited some which he pretended to have got in that manner. The im- posture was by no means new. The celebrated baptist demagogue. Muncer, who, adding the fanaticism of religion to the extreme of enthu- siasm for republicanism, by his harangues to the populace of Muihausen, soon found himself at the head of forty thousand troops, and thus address- ed them.—" Every thing must yield to the Most High, who has placed me at the head of you. 'In vain the enemy's artillery shall thunder against you; in vain, indeed, for I will receive in the. sleeve of my gown every bullet that shall be shot against you, attd that alone shall be an im- penetrable rampar: a all the efforts of the enemy/' Muncer was not so good as his word, for the Landgrave of Hesse, and many of the nobility marcht&j him, his troops weiv ,; prisoner, and car- ried to M he perished upon a scat: VOL. tit, 86 DIVINITY BISHOP WAYNFLETE. William (Barber) of Waynflete, where he was born, about the commencement of the fifteenth century, was one of the most eminent men of the age in which he lived. He was educated at Winchester and Oxford at the College founded by William of Wyckham; being distinguished for his literary attainments he was appointed master of Winchester school about 1433, and Henry VI. constituted him first provost of the College which he was establishing at Eton, in 1442, after he had superintended the scholastic establish- ment for two years. At the death of Cardinal Beaufort, in 1447, he was raised to the see of Winchester, which he held for thirty-nine years : in 1456 he was honoured with the post of Chan- cellor, which he resigned in 1460: he died at Winchester August 11, 1486. The piety, learn- ing and abilities of bishop Waynflete has been dwelt on with rapture by all his biographers. Magdalen College which he founded at Oxford is a proof of his opulence and his munificence as a patron of learning. CREED OF SAINT ATHANASIUS. The Creed of St Athanasius, as it is com- monly called, does not appear to have existed within a century after his death, and was ori- ginally composed in the Latin tongue, and con- sequently in the Western province of the Roman n-JdlaM ScuJf. ^VAT^TXEET. AND DIVINES. 87 empire. Gennadius, patriarch of Constantinople, was so much amazed by this extraordinary com- position that he frankly pronounced it to be the tale of a drunken man. MONKS. Even in the seventh century the monks were generally laymen ; they wore their hair long and dishevelled, and shaved their heads when they were ordained priests. The circular tonsure was sacred and mysterious; it was the crown of thorns ; but it was likewise a royal diadem, and every priest was a king, &c. This tonsure must cften have proved an awkward impediment to the intrigues and follies of monkery. An amusing author who has recorded many anecdotes of the brotherhood, relates that during his stay in France, a friar in the dress of a scholar was married to the daughter of a rich widow at Lyons. He concealed the tonsure with a patch of artifi- cial hair ; but drinking too freely after supper and growing riotous, the patch was unluckily knocked off by his neighbour, whereupon to the no small disappointment of himself and his in- tended bride, the friar was immediately obliged to take to flight. g4 88 DIVINITY BENEDICTINE ABBOT. In die early period of the French revolution, when the throne and the altar had been over- turned, and the infuriated spirit of devastation was wasting the distant provinces, a Bendictine monastery in the department of La Vendee, was entered by a tumultuous band ; the brotherhood were treated with the most wanton and unpro- voked cruelty : and the work of desolation and plunder was pursuing an uninterrupted course, when a large body of the inhabitants rallied, drove the despoilers from the place and secured the ring leaders, whom they would have punished most promptly, had not the venerable abbot, who bad received the most wanton indignities from these very leaders, rushed forward to pro- tect them. "I thank you, my children," said he " for your generous and seasonable interfe- «* rence, let us show the superiority of the religion " we possess, by displaying our clemency, and " suffering them to depart/' The sufferers felt so overpowered by the abbot's humanity, that they fell at his feet, and entreated his forgive- ness and benediction. SLEEPERS REPROVED. A methodist preacher once observing, that se- veral of his congregation had fallen asleep, sud- AND DIVINES. 89 denly exclaimed with a loud voice, " A fire, a "fire!" " Where, where," cried his auditors, whom he had roused from their slumber ; " in " the place of punishment," added the preacher, " for those who sleep under the ministry of the " holy gospel." Another preacher, of a different persuasion, more remarkable for drowsy preachers, finding himself in the same situation with his auditory, or more literally speaking, dormitory, suddenly stopped in his discourse, and addressing himself in a whispering tone to a number of noisy chil- dren in the gallery, " silence, silence, children," said he, " if you keep up such a noise, you will " wake all the old folks below." CHURCH ON FIRE. Fox, in his Book of Martyrs, relates, that * there was one Mr. Mallary, master of Arts, of " Christ's College, Cambridge, who, for opinions " held contrary, to the determination of the a holy mother Church of Rome, was convened " before the bishops and in the end sent to Ox- " ford, there openly to recant and to bear his " faggot, to the terrour of the students of that " university. It was appointed that he should " be brought solemnly into St. Mary's church ? upon a Sunday, where a great number of the 90 DIVINITY ' head doctors and divines, and others of the ' university were assembled, besides a great ' number of citizens who came to behold the 1 sight. Dr. Smith, then reader of the Divinity ' Lectures, was appointed to make the sermon 1 at his recantation. All things thus prepared, ' cometh forth poor Mallary with his faggot upon 4 his shoulder: the doctor was also in the pul- 1 pit to make his sermon : he had scarce pro- 1 ceeded into the midst thereof, when suddenly 1 was heard in the church, the voice of one cry- • ing in the street, ' Fire, Fire;' the occasion of ' which was one Hewster coming from All-hal- 1 lows parish, saw a chimney on fire : and so 'passing in the street. of St* Mary's church, ' cried, ' fire, fire,' meaning no hurt. This sound ' of fire being heard in the church, went from ' one to another, till, at length, it came to the c ears of the doctors, and at length to the preach- • er himself. These, amazed with sudden fear, • began to look up to the top of the church and • to behold the walls; the rest seeing them ' look up, looked up also. Then began, in the ' midst of the audience some to cry out, * fire, 'fire.' • Where? saithone, 'Where?' saith • another. ■ In the church/ saith one. The church was scarce pronounced, when in a moment there was a common cry, 'the church i AND DIVINES. 91 11 is on fire, the church is on fire by heretics.' M Then was there such fear, concourse, and tu- " mult of people through the whole church, that " it cannot be declared in words as it was in J 1 deed. After this, through the stir of the peo- " pie running to and fro, the 'dust was so raised " that it showed as if it had been smoke. This, " and the outcry of the people, made all men so " afraid, that leaving 'the sermon they began " together to run away; but such was the press " of the multitude running in heaps together, " that the more they laboured the less they '« could get out ; they thurst one another in such " sort, that they stuck fast in the door, and there " was no moving forward or backward. Then " they ran to another little wicket on the north *' side ; but there was the like or a greater throng. " There was yet another door towards the west, " which though shut, and seldom opened, yet M now they ran to it with such sway, that the " great bar of iron (which is incredible to be " broken; being pulled out, and broken by force " of men's hands, the door notwithstanding " could not be opened for the press, or multi- " tude of people. At last when they were there " also past hope to get out, they were all exceed- " ingly amazed, and ran up and down crying " out that the heretics had conspired their death : 92 DIVINITY " one said he plainly heard the fire ; another " affirmed that he saw it ; and a third swore " that he felt the molten lead dropping down " upon his head and shoulders. None cried " out more earnestly than the doctor who " preached, who in a manner first cried out in '* the pulpit, ' These are the subtleties and trains " of the heretics against me, Lord, have mercy " upon me ; Lord, have mercy upon me.' " " In all this confusion, nothing was more fear- " ed than the melting of the lead, which many " affirmed they felt dropping upon their bodies. " The doctors seeing no remedy, that no force " nor authority could prevail, fell to entreaty and " offered rewards ; one offered twenty pounds, " another his scarlet gown, so that any man " would pull him'out, though it were by the ears. " A president of a college pulling a board out " from the pews, covered his head and shoulders iC therewith against the scalding lead, which they " feared much more than the falling of the " church. One thought to get out at a window; " and he had broken the glass and got his head " and one shoulder out, but then stuck fastbetween " the iron bars, and could move neither way : *' others stuck as fast in the doors, over the heads u of whom some got out. A boy was got up on l* the top of the church door, and seeing a monk AND DIVINES. 93 " of the college of Gloucester (who had got upon " the heads of men) coming towards him with a " great wide cowl hanging at his back, the boy " thought it a good occasion for him to escape " by, and handsomely conveyed himself into •' the monk's cowl. The monk got up with the *• boy in his cowl, and for a while felt no weight " or burthen : at last feeling his cowl heavier Ct than accustomed, and hearing a voice behind " him, he was more afraid than while in the " throng, believing that the evil spirit that had " set the church on fire, was got into his cowl ; v then began he to play the exorcist: «In the " name of God/ said he, 'and all saints, I com- " mand thee to declare what thou art, that art " behind at my back.' ' I am Bertram's boy,' " said the other. ' But 1/ said the monk, « ad- " jure thee, in the name of the inseparable Trin- " ity, and thou, wicked spirit, do tell me who " thou art, and from whence thou comest, and " that thou go hence. ' I am Bertram's boy,' " said he, ' good master, let me go.' When the " man perceived the matter, he took the boy " out; who ran away as fast as he could. In *f the meantime, those who were in the streets, " perceiving all things to be without danger : li made signs to them in the church to keep " themselves quiet, crying to them there was 94? DIVINITY " no danger : but, for as much as no word could " be heard, by reason of the noise in the church, " those signs made them much more afraid than " before : supposing all on fire without the " church, and that they were best to tarry there- " in, and not venture out for the dropping of " the lead, and the fall of other things; this " trouble lasted for many hours. The next day, " and week following, there was an incredible " number of bills set upon the church doors to u inquire for things lost ; as shoes, gowns, caps, " purses, girdles, swords, and money; and in " this tumult, few but, through negligence, or " forgetful ness, left something behind them. " The heretic, who, through this hurly burly, *< had not done his sufficient penance, was the " day following taken to the church of St. " Frideswide, where he supplied the rest of his " plenary penance. This ridiculous accident," adds Fox, " happened anno 1541, in the reign " of King Henry the Eighth." SAINT STEPHEN. In the reign of the younger Theodosius, Lucian, a presbyter of Jerusalem, and the eccle- siastical minister of the village of Caphargamala, about twenty miles from the city, related a very singular dream, which, to remove his doubts, AND DIVINES. 95 had been repeated on three successive Saturdays. A venerable figure stood before him, in the si- lence of the night, with a long beard, a white robe and gold rod ; announced himself by the name of Gamalial, and revealed to the astonish- ed presbyter, that his own corpse, with the bodies of his son Abidas, his friend Nicodemus, and the illustrious Stephen, the first martyr of the christian faith, were secretly buried in the adjacent field. He added, with some impatience, that it was time to release himself and his com- panions from their obscure prison, that their appearance would be salutary to a distressed world ; and that they had made choice of Lu- cian to inform the bishop of Jerusalem of their situation and their wishes. The doubts and difficulties which still retarded this important discovery, were successively removed by new visions : and the ground was opened by the bishop, in the presence of an innumerable mul- titude. The coffin of Gamalial, of his son, and of his friend, were found in regular order; but when the fourth coffin, which contained the re- mains of Stephen, was shown to the light, the earth trembled, and an odour, such as that of paradise, was smelt, which instantly cured the various diseases of seventy-three of the assistants. The companions of Stephen were left in their 96 DIVINITY peaceful residence of Caphargamala : but the relics of the first martyr were transported, in solemn procession, to a church constructed in their honour on mount Sion; and the minute particles of those relics, a drop of blood, (a phial of Stephen's blood was annually liquified at Naples, till he was superseded by StJanuarius) or the scrapings of a bone, were acknowledged in almost every province of the Roman world, to possess a divine and miraculous virtue. The grave and learned Augustin, whose understand- ing scarcely admits the excess of credulity, has attested the innumerable prodigies which were performed in Africa, by the relics of St. Stephen ; and the marvellous narrative is inserted in the elaborate work of " the city of God," which the bishop of Hippo designed as a solid and immor- tal proof of the truth of Christianity. SUPERSTITION AN ENGINE OF OPPRESSION. Urlan Grai-dier, minister and Canon of Lou- don in France, was a great preacher and a man of much literary merit. -His sermons, which were honest and eloquent, drew orihim the envy of the brethren in a neighbouring monastery; the consequence of which was, that he received sentence to suffer penance for a crime he did not appear to be guilty of, and was deprived of all AND DIVINES. 97 his benefices. Being relieved however, from this unjust decree by the parliament of Paris, his enemies were obliged to find out new means for his destruction. In order to this, a nunnery of Ursulines, at Loudon, were prevailed upon to feign themselves possessed, and to accuse Gran- dier of being the magician. Cardinal Richlieu, then in full power, was a man of a vindictive temper; means were found to set him against the poor priest by insinuating that he was the author of a libel against his eminence. Although the piece was a mean performance, quite unwor- thy a man of Urban's genius, orders were sent for his prosecution, and twelve credulous judges were packed on purpose to try him. Accord- ing to the Cardinal's wish, they condemned him, and the unfortunate man was burnt alive. What a striking instance have we here, both of the weakness of a people, and of the malice of which a great minister may be guilty ! It is also one of the innumerable proofs which show, that wherever superstition prevails, the powerful are sure to make use of it to oppress and destroy the weak. It is amusing enough to read the terms of Urban's indictment, as it was exhibited in a pub- lic court of judicature. It ran upon the deposi- tion of Artaroth, a demon of the order of Sera-* VOL. III. H 98 DIVINITY phims, the chief of those who possess people* Easus, Celsus, Acaos, Cedon, and Asmodeus, of the order of Thrones ; Alex, Zabulon, Neptha* limn, Charos, Uriel, aud Orchas, of the order of principalities. These were the names that the nuns were taught to give to the imaginary spirits by which they pretended to be possessed. At Grandier's execution, a large fly was seen to buz about his head. Some of his enemies having learning enough to know that Beelzebub signifies the prince of flies, it was immediately given out and believed, that Beelzebub was come for the soul of the malefactor! PARSON PATTEN. Aboutlialf a century ago, Whitstable had a parson of the name of Patten, celebrated for his great oddity, great humour, and equally great extravagance. Once standing in need of a new wig, he went over to Canterbury, and applied to a barber, young in the business, to make him one. The tradesman, who was just going to dinner, begged the honour of his new customers company, to which Patten most readily consented. After dinner, a large bowl of punch was produ- ced, and the reverend guest, with equal readi- ness joined in emptying it. When it was out, the wig maker was proceeding to business, and AND DIVINES. 99 began to handle his measure ; when Mr. Patten desired him to desist, saying, he should not make his wig. "Why not?'' exclaimed the as- tonished host, " Have I done any thing to offend " you, Sir ? * " Not in the least/' replied Patten ; " but I find you are a very honest, good-natured " fellow, and I will take some one else in." BOURDALOUE. When the celebrated father Bourdaloue, who has sometimes been called the French Tillotson, was to preach on a Good Friday, and the proper officer came to attend him to church, his servants said, the father was in the study, and if he pleased he might go up to him. In going up stairs he heard the sound of a violin, and as the door was partially open, he saw Bourdaloue stripped to his cassock, playing a good brisk tune and dancing to it about his study. The officer was extremely concerned, for he esteemed the great man highly, and thought that he must be run distracted. However, at last he ventured to tap gently at the door. The father imme- diately laid down his fiddle, hurried on his gown and came to him ; and with his usual composed pleasing look, said, " Oh, Sir, is it you ? n The poor man as they were going down stairs could not help expressing his surprise at what he had h 2 100 DIVINITY heard and seen . Bourdaloue smiled, and said, " Indeed you may well be a little surprised, if " you do not know any thing of my way on these " occasions : but the whole of the matter was u this : in thinking over the subject of the day, " I found my spirits too much depressed to speak " as I ought to do, so I had recourse to my " usual method of music and a little motion. "It has had its effect; I am quite in a proper " temper, andean go now with pleasure, to what " else I should have gone in pain." WHITFIELD. Dr. Franklin, in his memoirs, bears witness to the extraordinary effect which was produced by Mr. Whitfield's preaching in America ; and relates an anecdote equally characteristic of the preacher and of himself. " I happened," says the Doctor, " to attend one of his sermons, in " the course of which I perceived he intended to " finish with a collection, and I silently resolved " he should get nothing from me. 1 had in " my pocket a handful of copper money, three " or four silver dollars, and five pistoles in gold, " As he proceeded, I began to soften, and con- " eluded to give the copper. Another stroke of " his oratory made me ashamed ;of that, and de-^ " termined me to give the silver; and he finish^ AND DIVINES. IOJ u ed so admirably, that I emptied my pocket '* wholly into the collector's dish, gold and all. " At this sermon, there was also one of our club ; " who, being of my sentiments respecting the " building in Georgia, and suspecting a collec- " tion might be intended, had by precaution '* emptied his pockets before he came from u home ; towards the conclusion of the discourse, " however, he felt a strong inclination to give, u and applied to a neighbour who stood near " him, to lend him some money for the purpose. " The request was fortunately made to, perhaps, " the only man in the company who had the firm- " ness not to be affected by the preacher. His u answer was, 'at any other time, friend Hodgkin- " son, I would lend to thee freely; but not now, " for thee seems to be out of thy right senses." SIMONY. However the real crime of simony may differ from that of the word in its general acceptation, we find that the practise to which the church has annexed the appellation was not unknown in the third century; and the clergy sometimes bought what they intended to sell. It appears that the bishopric of Carthage was purchased by a wealthy matron, named Lucilla, for her servant Majorinus. The price was four hundred Folks, h 3 102 DIVINITY Every Follis contained one hundred and twenty- five pieces of silver, and the whole sum may be computed at about two thousand four hundred pounds. AN ABSENT GENIUS. The Rev. George Harvest, minister of Thames Ditton, was one of the most absent men of his time. He was a good scholar, a lover of good eating, and a great fisherman ; very negligent in his dress, and a believer in ghosts. In his youth, Harvest was contracted to a daughter of the bishop of London ; but on the day agreed upon for his wedding, being gud- geon fishing, he overstayed the appointed time, and the lady, justly offended at his neglect, broke off the match. He used frequently to forget the prayer days ; and would walk into church with his fishing rod and tackle, to see what could have assembled the people. In company, he never put the bottle round, but always filled when it stood opposite to him, so that he very often took half a dozen glasses in succession. Whenever he slept, he perverted the use of every thing; wrapt the hand towel round his head, put the night cap over the juglet, and went between the sheets with his boots on. AND DIVINES. 103 Once, being to preach before the clergy at a visitation, Harvest took three sermons with him in his pocket. Some wag contrived to get pos- session of them, unstitched them, and after mix- ing the leaves, sewed them up again into three separate sermons, as before. Mr. Harvest took the first that came to his hand ; began deliver- ing it; and, as may easily be imagined, lost the thread of his discourse. He was not insensible to the strange confusion in which he found him- self entangled, but nevertheless continued till he had preached out, first all the churchwardens, and next the clergy, who thought he was taken mad. On another occasion, having accompanied Lord Onslow, who was very fond of his company to Calais, they took a walk on the ramparts. Mr. Harvest, who, with all his peculiarities, was a man of learning and a deep metaphysician, fell to musing on some new theory of ideas, and strayed from his companion into the midst of the town. He could not speak a word of French, but recollecting that Lord Onslow was at the silver lion, he put a shilling in his mouth, and set himself in the attitude of a lion rampant. After exciting much wonder among the town's people, a soldier guessing what he meant by this curious hieroglyphical exhibition, led him 104 DIVINITY back to the silver lion, not sure at the same time whether he was restoring a maniac to his keepers, or a droll to his friends. With Mr. Arthur Onslow, the father of Lord Onslow, and speaker of the House of Commons, Mr. Harvest was also on terms of great intimacy. Being one day in a punt together on the Thames, Mr. Har- vert began to read a beautiful passage in some Greek author, and throwing himself backward in an extacy, fell into the water, whence he was with difficulty fished out. In the latter part of his life, no one would lend or let Mr. Harvest a horse, as he frequently lost his beast from under him, or at least out of his hands. It was his practice to dismount, and lead his horse, putting the bridle under his arm; sometimes the horse would pull away the bridle unobserved ; and as often, it was taken off the horse's head by mischievous boys, and the par- son was seen drawing the bridle after him. When Lord Sandwich was canvassing for the vicechancellorship of Cambridge, Mr. Harvest, who had been his schoolfellow at Eton, went down to give him his vote. One day at dinner in a large company, his lordship, joking with Harvest on their schoolboy tricks, the parson suddenly exclaimed, "Apropos, whence do you "derive your nickname of Jemmy Twit chert'* AND DIVINES. 105 " Why," answered his lordship, "from some '■ foolish fellow." " No, no," interrupted Har- vest, " it is not some, but every body that calls " you so." On this Lord Sandwich being near the pudding, put a large slice on the doctor's plate, which instantly finding its way to his mouth, stopt him for the moment from uttering any more such d-propos observations. CAPUCHIN FRIARS. A Voiture broke down in a rough road, near the small town of Gondrecourt, and it became necessary to repair it. There was a good deal to do, and but few workmen : so that there was every prospect of a pretty long delay. The tra- veller desirous of filling up the interval agreeably, sauntered towards a Capuchin friary, which he espied at a little distance, very pleasantly situa- ted on a rising mount. He rung the bell, and on one of the fathers making his appearance, politely stated the circumstance which caused his detention, and requested to be admitted in the mean while to partake of the hospitality of the convent. The Capuchins have little; but what they have, they bestow freely. They gave the stranger a welcome reception ; and on en- tering into conversation with him, were greatly pleased to find that they had not, for a long time 106 DIVINITY received within their walls, a more agreeable or entertaining guest. On every thing he had something pertinent to say, and said it in such a way, as if it gave him a world of pains to differ in sentiment with any human being. During a plain dinner, of which they invited him to par- take, the conversation turned on theology, or as it has been sarcastically termed the Capuchin philosophy. The stranger showed he knew al- most as much about it as the fathers themselves ; and seemed to know the more that he agreed with their opinions of the subject. They spoke of the different Capuchin houses in France, Ger- many, and Italy ; the stranger proved to be better informed in this interesting part of geo- graphy than they could possibly have imagined, and was particularly happy in illustrating the talent which the sons of St. Francis have for finding out beautiful situations. Some traits were mentioned of the humility of the good St. Francis d'Assize; the stranger admired them, and admired in his turn some others of which the fathers were ignorant. The fraternity be- came in the end quite enchanted with their guest, and as the best service they could do him proposed that he should become one of their order. The stranger still meek and complying, replied that he would think of it, that he felt deeply AND DIVINES. 107 sensible of the honour which they proposed to him: that he was sorely afraid they judged too favourably of his mind and temper ; but that he would institute a strict self-examination, and perhaps the day might e'er long arrive, when he would seek among them, that happiness which a vain world could never afford. A messenger now announced that the voiture was repaired and ready; the whole convent were in affliction, nor was the stranger suffered to part without an interchange of the warmest assurances of ever- lasting esteem and remembrance The reader may be curious to know who the individual was who had thus gained the hearts of the Capu- chins? It was M. de Voltaire. MONKS OF SAINT BERNAR D The following is a recent instance of those charitable offices, which the pious monks of St. Bernard, from a sense of duty, [as well as from the locality of their establishment, are in the habit of performing. A poor soldier travelling from Siberia to the place of his nativity in Italy, set out fromthe village of St. Pierre in the after- noon, in the hope of reaching the monastery by night fall ; but he unfortunately missed his way, and on climbing up a precipice, he laid hold of the fragment of a rock, which, separating from 108 DIVINITY the mass rolled with him into the valley below, which the poor man reached with his clothes torn and his body sadly bruised and lacerated ; being unable to extricate himself from the snow, and night having come on, he remained in that for- lorn situation till morning. The weather was un- commonly mild for the season, or he must have perished. He spent the whole of two following days in crawling to a deserted hovel, without having any thing to eat. Two of the monks of St. Bernard, on their way to the village about sun set, were warned by the barking of their dog, and descried the man at a distance ; they hastened to his succour, they found him at the entrance of the hovel, where he lay as if un- able to cross the threshold, and apparently in a dying state from hunger, fatigue, and loss of blood. They raised him on their shoulders and carried him to the village, a distance of five miles through the snow. The man was about the middle size and robust ; so that , indepen- dantly of his helpless condition, it required a considerable portion of strength, as well as management, to the brothers to reach their des- tination. At the village of St. Pierre, the poor traveller received every attention and assistance that his situation required. AND DIVINES. 109 RELICS. It was universally believed during the earlier and darker ages of Christianity, that without some sacred relics of the saints and martyrs, &c. no establishment could be expected to thrive ; and so provident had the persons been, who laboured in their collection, that there was not a single religious house but could produce one or more of those invaluable remains; though, unless we are to believe that most relics, like the Holy Cross itself, possesssed the power of self-augmentation, we must either admit, that some of our circumspect forefathers were im- posed upon, or that St. John the Baptist had more heads than that of which he was so cruelly deprived, as well as several of their favourite Saints having each kindly afforded them two or three skeletons of their precious bodies ; circum- stances that frequently occurred, because, savs Father John Ferand, of Anecy, " God was " pleased so to multiply and re-produce them, " for the devotion of the faithful ! '' Of the number of these relics that have been preserved, it is useless to attempt a description, nor, indeed could they be detailed in many vo- lumes : yet it may gratify curiosity to afford a brief account of such us, in addition to the head of St. John the Baptist, were held in the greatest 110 DIVINITY repute, were it for no other reason than to show how the ignorance and credulity of the common- alty have, in former ages, been imposed upon. A finger of St. Andrew A finger of St. John the Baptist ; The thumb of St. Thomas ; A tooth of our Lord : A rib of our Lord, or, as it is profanely styled, of the Vcrbum caro factum, the word made flesh; The hem of our Lord's garment, which cured the diseased woman ; The seamless coat of our Lord : A tear which our Lord shed over Lazarus ; — it was preserved by an angel, who gave it in a phial to Mary Magdalene ; The rod of Moses, with which he performed his miracles ; The spoon and pap dish of the Holy Child; A lock of hair of Mary Magdalene ; A piece of the chemise of the Virgin Mary, still to be seen in the cathed ral of Sens ; A hem of Joseph's garment ; A feather of the Holy Ghost; A finger of the Holy Ghost : A feather of the angel Gabriel; A finger of a Cherub ; AND DIVINES. Ill The water-pots used at the marriage in Galilee ; The slippers of the antediluvian Enoch : The face of a Seraph, with only part of the nose ; The snout of a Seraph, thought to have belonged to the preceding : A coal that broiled St. Lawrence ; The square buckler, lined with * red velvet,' and the short sword of St. Michael ; A phial of the ' sweat of St. Michael/ when he contended with Satan ; Some of the rays of the Star that appeared to the Magi ; Two handkerchiefs, on which are impressions of our Saviour's face ; the one sent by our Lord himself as a present to Agbarus, Prince of Edessa ; the other given at the time of his Crucifixion to a holy woman, named Veronica: With innumerable others, not quite consistent with decency to be here described. The miracles wrought by these and other such precious remains, have been enlarged upon by writers, whose testimony, aided by the protecting care of the Inquisition, no one durst openly dis- pute who was not of the * Holy Brotherhood ;' although it should appear, by the confessions of some of those respectable persons, that " in- " stances have occurred of their failure," but that they always " recovered their virtue, when,*' U2 DIVINITY as Galbert, a monk of Marchiennes, informs us, " they were flogged with rods, &c. ! " SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL. The annals of the world scarcely furnish an instance of such a benefactor to humanity as St. Vincent de Paul. He was the son of a day- labourer in Gascony ; and when about thirty years of age was taken prisoner, and carried to Tunis, where he continued two years a slave* Having escaped into France, he entered into holy orders, and devoted himself to the service of the unhappy persons condemned to the gallies. The reform which he effected, the decent and resigned demeanour which he produced in them, and the alleviation of their sufferings which his charitable exertions in their favour obtained, were truly surprising. On one occasion, a poor young man having for a single act of smuggling, been condemned to the gallies for three years, complained to him in such moving terms of his misfortunes, and of the distress to which it would reduce his wife and infant children, that St. Vin- cent substituted himself in his place, and worked in the gallies eight months, chained by the leg to the oar. The fact was then discovered and he was ransomed. This circumstance was judicial- ly proved, and he always retained in one of his. AND DIVINES. 118 legs a soreness from the chain which he had worn. St. Vincent de Paul established the foundling hospital at Paris : and by a single speech which he made for it, in a moment of distress, he raised an instant subscription of forty thousand French livres. In the war of the league, several thcusand German soldiers, who had been se- duced by great promises into the army of the league, were placed in Paris and its neighbour- hood ; and the war proving unsuccessful to those who had engaged them, they were abandoned, and left to perish. St. Vincent stirred up such a general spirit of charity in their behalf, as en- abled him to provide for their immediate subsis- tence, and to send them back clothed and fed, to their own country. The calamities of the same war were terrible in Champagne, Picardy, Lorraine and Artois ; and a year of great scarcity coming on, famine and pestilence ensued : num- bers perished of hunger, and their bodies lay un- buried. Information of this scene of woe being carried to St. Vincent, he raised a subscription of twelve millions of French money, five hun- dred thousand pounds sterling, and applied it to the relief of the wretched objects. These and a multitude of other acts of benificence were proved on his canonization by pope Clement YOL. III. I li& DIVINITY XII ; and Bossuet, in his letter of solicitation dwells on them with great eloquence. X>EAtt swift. A friend came one morning to see Dean Swift in Dublin. The dean requested him to sit down ; "No," he replied, "I cannot stay, I must go " immediately to the park, to prevent two gen* "■ tlemen from fighting a duel." " Sit down, sit " down," said the dean, " you must not stir, s< let them fight it out, it would be better for the " world that all such men should kill one an- " other/ REVEitEND 2. SREtTOtt. While the Rev. Philip Skelton, of facetious memory, was in Dublin, the oakboys, a society of rebels thus denominated in Ireland, seized on Arthur Johnston, Esq. of Enniskillen, a gentle- man of a stiff temper, worth five hundred a year, They then ordered him to swear to be true to their cause, and so on; but he refused obstinately; on which they put a rope sCbout his neck, and were on the point of hang- ing him, when one Simpson, a supernumerary ganger, who afterwards got a commission in the army, bursting in on them with a pistol, rescued him out of their hands, Skelton,. on his return, ANI> DIVINES. 115 met Mr. Johnston, in the streets of Enniskillen, and putting his hand in his pocket, took out a shilling, and gave it to him, saying, " here, take " this, I gave a shilling to see a camel in Dublin, u but an honest man is a greater wonder in the " county of Fermanagh." To a gentleman, who told him once, he ex- pected to represent that county in parliament he said, " aye, they are all a parcel of rascals, " and a rascal is fittest to represent them/' NORMAN CURATE. Mrs. Stothard, in her letters from Normandy, gives the following account of the hospitable manners of the Cure of Josselin. "We had no " sooner informed him that we were English " travellers, than the Cure rose from his seat, " and welcomed us with cordial hospitality. 11 The Cure then informed us that he had passed " ten years in England, during the emigration " of the French, and had returned to his own •* parish of Josselin at the short peace. * You " are English people,' said the old gentleman ; " ' the English shall ever be welcome to rest at " my house ; I came inta their country when I «* was driven from my own ; I had neither friends 3 " money, nor their language ; for the first three " years I eat my daily meal at their cost, x 2 116 DIVINITY " taught them my tongue , and they regarded " me as a brother : for ten years I was supported " by their notice, and protected by their laws ; " gratitude opens my door at the approach of " any of their nation/ The venerable man " came forward, seated us close to the fire, and " ordered more faggots to replenish it. He " pressed us to leave the inn, and begged we " would take up our residence at his house. " This we declined, but promised to breakfast " and dine with him the next day, in compliance " with his invitation, given in English, that we " would take with him the luck of the pot. Ac- " cordingly, the next morning we presented " ourselves at the door of Monsieur le Cure, " who received us in his state apartment; it " was hung with old tapestry, and decorated " with a few family portraits, languishing in the " full bottomed wigs of Louis the fourteenths " time : the oaken floor was so nicely waxed, " that I nearly slipt down while Monsieur hand- led me to the great chair at the upper end of " the room, which I found he considered the " most ceremonious seat. " Monsieur le Cure is a complete character, il hospitable and kind. He related to us an *' anecdote that evinced both his good nature " aud the extreme simplicity of his character ; AND DIVINES. H7 " during the late war, a person belonging to an " English ship, induced by motives of curiosity, " landed on the coast of Brittany, without ap- " prehending danger; of course he was imme- u diately seized on suspicion of being a spy, and " marched up the country. The escort arrived " at Josselin with the prisoner in a most dis- H tressed condition, his shoes being actually " worn off his feet; they brought him before u Monsieur le Cure, who commenced his inter- 1 ' rogation with, ' You are an Englishman. 11 What is your name V « My name,' replied the " the prisoner, i.i-i;,r„,„, Hishofi lannton buns .Wotus ohisot .Ei, John /•„,,. tm.t oli.ln.iitih' Svtriits oh.jfoi Cardinal llcssarioii oh Thomas a Krmpis oh i.f}i ■'llul,,.ll,ii\ blgg& John II,, .hi Jen ■ oVft-aqur oh.l lit! mUinm Wichham The B th » P ■ il at Komi- hy /'ope X'nh, las III '.' to J, ianon /,'•;• ;,. I, r man 1,177 but the SoTntm of 4a h amtbwet gSTeantdB th, Cowti • f inn/,1,,,1 .i.i, ,;.,,,. v, Council oflisa, touncil ,w' Constance itti-j The rulqate Bible thelirjt hook printc,l\ Tins IK .lllllll.f II leoX W.lsiy Era smtts ,'l\, ;;\ti JO ~o Martin Luther oh. ,; ,0 . i Zliinolitis oh. Iggt t'alvi Cardinal Bembo oh. ,.;i; Martin l\urrj- oh. tX,i /his 1 1 Terr, Otorms //„„„„„., Themloi t',,r,linal Xwul/ies Iqnatlil.r Loral, I ohl.;;o Hi tr, rihen oh.i ■■,■'! lohnLehind Mdancthon The Reformation hn/an hr Luther Creqory XHL The name o, Trotcstants heqhis l-;i;) Tht Minis ejyiellrd Iran,, Th,- lle,:,ri,iah,,n tahaplace in England Council of Trait 1" The Interim grunted by I harlr.s I In lju- IrotcttOnU lllit.'lTIll .[III lliaiihrl XIII tlcuielil XII Baudot Xiv Clement XIII Hint Ihlillev CO luisv/i lee \n Mollieim IVuiliiuUm J/,,,,,.,. Blaise Faecal n "''""■' n„, he //„„. il„„„lhr Ou.t,-,, ,;,,,.,,, *" thilluiq,.,,,;!, Uhn-em ftL« „„.,, ^""-y Xtetmil!" PaidSarpi 1,1/o/s,,,, ^ m„,i.,,i.^ „,,„, fry Xf/rjte h'-rlrf //,'■/"',' '"'"'in'..,. I.., I,. r,,l„,„„, loim,, M„h,„h.< """''■ .' MM ll„m,l„„, Mnhllcloii Ihiuiillcr Hurtle .III,,,;,,,, "■"' l/ ] nii llrmllry Wiilliel,! . Iirhhith,,/ Iti'ehelien I. ,u,,l lUissuct C,;„l„ ilitmilmi-s thenar Style Ifarsln Dull,,,, Masjn.rr ,v tlic /rotrstinifs in Jnlainl V.ih, The Sviloil ,,1'hort Trotrslant l.e,n/ii,- m i The Kilici oC.Vanlc, Ctril n;irs oTHie tliii/iien Surd t.rhm.l Hejumoti Wpdvfyn Afomi.t/ir fjfia hh*ht„,rt' 'i'l' pn-.T.irt* in ftwiir Jr.tuitt tjjnitr.i fhmi A'uplr.t MatotA fUrntfi/ iUfifirr.uirdbvdif /!'/"' J 1 INDEX Abbe Choisy, vjl. ii, p. 96 , iii. 51 Dangeau, ii. 62 Gagliani, ii. 119 de Ranee, ii. 105 — Salle, cures of, ii. 94 Absence of Mind, iii. 132 Absent Genius, iii. 102 Absolutions, i. 242 Adam, Creation of, i. 33 Agilnoth, Archbishop, iii. 67 Ah! oh, iii. 269 Albigensjan War, i. 142 Alcock, Bp. of Ely, iii. 172 Aldred, Archbishop, i. 256 Allen, do. of Dublin, ii. 67 All Souls' Day, ii. 151 Alls well that ends well, ii. 158 American Saints, i. 225 Anathematising, Grecian mode of, ii. 110 Ancient Document, ii. 225 Andre, Father, ii. 221 Andrews, Bishop, i. 36 Angelot, Cardinal, and his Groom, ii. 19 Anselm, Archbishop, on ScholasticDiscipline,ii.69 Anthony, Urceus, ii, 25** Anthony, the Monk, ii.283 Anti-Christ, i. 23 Anti-Christ, dispute on, iii. 48 Anti-Christ, iii. 275 Antiquarian's Prayer, iii. 179 Apostle Spoons, i. 12 Application of Scripture, iii. 73 Archiepiscopal Privilege, iii. 1C3 Arius, Signature of, ii. 57 Ass, Feast of the, ii. 182 - , the Feast of, ii. 263 Asses, Pious, i. 272 Athanasian Creed, ii. 205 Athanasius, i. 58 A thanasius, Creed of, iii. 86 Atheism and Scrofula, cure of, iii. 187 Atterbury, Bishop, i. 82, 145 Augustine Monk, ii. 31 Auto da Fe, ii. 237 , iii. 164-176-187 Awful Appeal, i. 17 Death in the Pulpit, ii 5 v 290 INDEX. Ay liner, Bishop, i. 183 , ditto, his Inde- pendence, iii. 47 Baigne, Abbot of, iii. 240 Bara, i. 110 Bardseye Island, in Wales, iii. 273 Barnes, Epitaph of, i. 30 Barrow, Dr. Isaac, i. 31, 79 , Eccentricities of, ii.204 Bell, the Passing, i. 221 Benedict, abbot, i. 266 Benedictine abbot, iii. 88 Bentley, Dr. i, 170 Berkeley, Dr. i. ISO- 189 , Bishop, his Plan for Christian Coloniza- tion, ii. 106 — — — — •, his Theory, iii. 206 Bernard, Father, i. 101 Bernard, St,, monks of, ii. 169 Bernier, L'Abbe, (Du Laurent,) i. 178 Bermondsey Parish Re- gister, ii. 22 Bible, the English, ii. 84 , respect for, ii. 263 Bigotry, theperfection of,ii. 251 'Bishops, iii. 20 , a Cock-fighting, i. Boikau and a Priest, 255 Bongy, John Marquis of, iii. 216 Bossnet, i. 73 Bonrdaloue, Eloquence of, ii. 128 iii. 99 201 -, Intrepid, i. 114 -,how to Puzzle, ii. b5 -, formerly buried in London, ii. 33 , Simpson on, ii. 44 Stalls of, iii. 55 Boyd, Rev. Zackary, i. 212 Brihman, Abbot of St. Michael, iii. 244 Brown, Simon, i. 80 Buckingham, Duke of, and the Priests, i. 237 Bull, Bishop, i. 48 Burnet, Bp. and Duchess of Marlboro', iii. 129 Burnet, Bishop, i. 265 Calvin, i. 224 and Luther, Dis- putes of, ii. 48 Candlemas Day, hallowing Candies on, i. 176 Candles in the Church, hi. 147 Cant, Andrew, i. 29 Capistran, John, i. 38 Capraria, Island of, i. 1 17 Capuchins, the Three, of Orleans, ii. 103 , Order of, ii. 154 — , Friars, iii. 105 Bcetius, M'Egan, i. 77 Carbasson and his Ourang Outang, iii. 82 Cardinal Beaton, ii. 97 Beaufort, Me- moir of, ii. 86.— hi. 215 — Beilarmin, i. 251 — — — - Borromeus,ii. 208 . Du Bois, i. 128 Mazarin, ii. 256, iii, 167 INDEX. Cardinal Mazaiin, iii. 172 — — — — Di Medici, ii. 833 du Prat, i. 259 Richelieu, iii. 178 Turlone, iii. 245 Xhnenes, i. 118, — ii. 114 Carey, Dr. Journal of, ii. 23 Caricaturing, i. 87 Carthusians, i. 62 Catholic Dog, ii. 92 Physics, ii. 37 Prebend, ii. 5:> Catholicism, i. 207 Catley, Miss, iii. 165 Cemeteries, i. 256 Censing in Churches, ii. 53 Chaplam, Instructions to a, iii. 266 Charity, i. 54 Charles I. bis Bible, ii. 3 1 CheatingConscience, iii 123 the Devii, iii. 17 1 Chicheley, Archbp. i. 128 ter to IJenry V. iii. %% Chillingworth, iii. 20 Christening, Whimsical, i . 222 Christian, a True, ii. 235 Cemeteries ii. 268, Charity, Origin of the Order of, i. 1 90 Coin, ii. 20 Christians, Enumeration of, ii. 73 Names of Puri- tans, iii. l5l Christmas Day, iii. 251 Church in the Reign of George JII. i. 7 of England, i. l Militants, iii 85 Church of Rome, and Wi dow, i. 198 ■ on Fire, iii. 89 Revenues in Russia, iii. 2*9 Zeal for the, i. 29 Churches, Decoration of, ii. 86 Citing the Dead, i. 215 Clement VI. iii. 161 VII. iii. 173 XIV. iii. 163 Clergy of France, ii. 63 Clerical Authorship, Pride of, i. 13 Complaisance, i. 199 ■■ Dancing, i. 173 Devil, iii. 197 Devotion, ii, 118 Enterprise, i. 156 Extravagance, i. 194 Luxury, ii. 229 Nimrod, i, 278 Obedience, ii. 269 Precedency, iii. 61 Precision, ill. 65 Taste, i. i>67 Clogher and Derry, Bishops of, i. 37 Cole, Dr. and Mayor of Chester, ii. 12 Conecte, Thomas, iii, 21 Conformity, ii. 262 Conscience, Case of, i. 218 , ii. 43 Coustantine, i. 55 — , Cross of, iii. 207 Cornelius Musso, Bishop, ii. 232 Corrigiuncula, i. 188 Cosmo, Prior of, i. 83 f ranmer, Archbp, ii. 173 292 INDEX. Crichton, Bishop, ii. 228 Cromwell and the Canters, ii. 271 * and the Puritans, iii. 168 Cross Writing, i. 137 Cross, St. College of, at Winchester, ii. 160 Croxall, Dr. and the Mar- tyrdom Sermon, iii. 73 Crusades, Dr. Johnson's Opinion of, ii. 102 Crutched Friars, i. 214 Curious Bull, ii. 261 ■ Dispensation, i. 235 Document, ii. 249 — — — Picture, iii. 258 Cyprian the Martyr, iii. 191 Dale, Dr. i. 249 Damasus, Bishop of Rome, iii. 225 Davy, Rev. William, i. 247 Dedication, Pious, i. 34 Delany,Dr. i. 100,219 Delicate Artifice, i, 120 Diamond cut Diamond, ii. 272 Divines of the Seventeenth Century, i. 83 Divinity, Fat Body of, ii. 39 Donatist Circumcellions,iii. 234 Donne, Dr. i. 24, 172 , iii. 31, 223 Drake, Mr. i. 116 Drelincourt, Dr. i. 223 Dry Pan and Gradual Fire, i. 194 Easter Customs, i. 136 Ecclesiastical Precocity, iii. 223 Edmund, King and Martyr, ii. 241 Edward the Confessor and the Courtier, ii. 159 Edward the Sixth, i. 39 Electioneering Piety, ii. 30 Emperor, a Christian, i. 276 of the Holy Ghost. i. 273 End of the World, i. 94 English Auction Sales, iii. 121 Benefices, iii. 54 Enigmas, Pious, i. 30 Episcopal Abstemiousness, iii. 196 Episcopal Benevolence, i. 158— ii. 164 ————Strictness, iii. 124 Epitaphs, iii. 145 . of Barnes, i. 30 ., Brief, i. 236 .j Curious, i. 20, . on Hearne, i. 223 . on Hobbes, iii. 20 -, Italian, iii. 51 -, judicious, i.220 . on La Riviere, ii. 84 ii. 71 at Leipsig, ii. 4 ■ Ludicrous, i. 187 , in Peterborough Cathedral, i. 177 , Punning, iii. 27 , Ridiculous, i. 200 on Sabellicus, ii. 92 I N D E X. 293 Epitapbs on a Sheepstealer, ii. 63 , Short, i. 26 on Rev. R.Tyrer, ii. 98 •jWhimsical, ii. 30, -, Spanish, iii. 57 , nearWindsor, iii. 250 , at Clehanger, Devon, iii. 69 , Welsh, iii. 161 49,57 Fawkes, Rev. Mr. i. 177 Felton, the Rev. Mr. and Handel, iii. 271 Female Saints, iii. 68 Fenelon of Cambray, ii. 35 , Archbishop, i. 172 , his Benevolence, Equitable Legatee, iii. 198 Ethics and Religion, ii. 203 Etienne Binet, the Jesuit, ii. 32 Evil Spirit, expelling of, i. 174 Exaltation of the Cross, iii. 204 Excommunication, i. 52 , Effects of, ii. 272 , Posthumous, i. 249 in Russia, ii. 82 , iii. 236 Exorcising, rite of, ii. 112 Expectancy illustrated, iii. 61 Expensive Monument, iii. 158 Extreme Unction, i. 17 Fanaticism, i. 66 , Horrible, i. 283 in Zurich, ii. 185 Fat Monks, iii. 66 Fatal Vespers, iii. 18 Fathers, Extravagance of the, ii. 118 ■ Pope, the Jesuit, iii. 239 Santcul, iii. 203 u. Ill Fighting Prelate, iii. 127 Final Judgment, i. 219 Fisher, Bp. of Rochester, ii. 131 Flagellants, iii. 247 Flagellation, iii. 174 of Royalty, iii. 221 Flechier, Bishop, i. 54 Folliot, Bishop of London, iii. 210 Forbearance of an Old Abbot, ii. 15 Fox, George, the Quaker, i. 57 , the Martyrologist, i. 203 French Bible, i. 42 Clergy, iii. 144 Curate, i. 88 Modesty, i, 199 Monuments, i. 213 Preacher, iii. 161 Friar Sampson, ii. 28<) Fnigentio, Father, ii. 235 Funeral Honours, i. 187 Garlick, Doctor, iii. 168 Gee, Rev. Mr. ii. 37 , Dr. of Westminster, iii. 207 Germany, Superstition in, ii. 15 Glarean, Seat of, in the College of Bale, ii. 16 Gleichen, count, Epitaph, Tomb, &c. of, i : 184 1 294 INDEX. Glutton Mass, the, iii. 196 Gonthier, Father, iii, 185 Grant, Dr. iii. 60 Greek Church, i. 46 Green, Dr. Bishop of Lin- coln, i. 189 Gregory the Great, i. 276 Gros Teste, Bishop of Lin- coln, iii. 162 Hacket, William, i. 279 Hare, Bishop, and Lord Cateret, iii. 1 J .8 Harvest, Rev. Mr. iii. 102 Having a Call, ii. 269 Heaven, i 270 Henry VIII. Letter of, to Cardinal Wolsey, iii. 53 Heietics, burial of, ii. 43 Hill, Rowland, his Preach- ing, ii. 120 — iii. 83. Hints for the Clergy, ii. 58 Holt, Justice, and Metho- dist, ii. 219. Holy Lance, Legend of, iii. 77 Holy Lottery in America, iii. 60 Horse-ley, Bishop, ii. 77 , ditto, iii. 203 Hough, Bishop, i. 197 , ditto, iii. 119 Huntingdon, iii. 15 , SS. Relics of, iii, 170, 211 Huss, John, and Jerome, of Prague, iii. 287 Icelandic Christians, iii. 189 Indulgences of the Romish Church, ii. 39 , Sale of, iii. 156 Indigencies, iii. 255 Inquisition, ii. 224 in Spain, ii. 83, 218 iii. 166 Intrepid Priest, iii. 120 Irish Bishop, unlucky Joke of, ii. 15 Church, ii. 89 Persecution Prevent- ed, ii. 11 Learning, i. 155 Priest, i. 123 Visions, i. 141 Island of Capraria, i. 117 Italian Preaching, iii. 148 James I. and Mr. Balcar- guhall, i. 254 Leufant, iii. 72 Jesuits, i. 65,168, 236 Jesus Christ, the Army of, 1,45 Jewel, Bishop, and the Courtier, iii. 153,241 Subscription of, ii. 199 Jews,i. 116,19? Jewish Convert, i. 225 Laws, ii. 126 John of Leyden, i. 208 Johnson, Dr. and George III. iii. 76 Jortin, Dr. i. 210 Judgment by the Cross, iii. 224 Katherine, Queen, Divorce of, ii. 162 Kederminster, Rich. iii. 10 Kenn, Bishop, Marriage Vow, ii. 97 Kennicott, Dr. ii. 173 Kentish Quaker, ti. 103 INDEX. iy5 Kettle, Dr. i. 240 King John and Pope In- ; noceut, i. 28 Kings' Evil, Service at j Healing, ii. 167 Kirkton Minister, i. 275 Knight's Templars, ii. 14 Knox, John, i. 143 La Bruyere on Learned Sermons, ii. 72 Labarum, Standard of, ii. 171 Lambeth Palace, i. 43 Lanebourgh, Curate of, i. 152 Latimer, Bishop, i. 99, 211 La Trappe, Monks of, ii. i 147 Laud, i. 49, 183,— iii. 51 Lean Livings, i. 202 Leighton, Abp. iii. 84 Lent, Rigid Observance of. i. 216 Leo X. iii. 49 and his Buffoon, i. 103 Lesfilles Dieu, iii. 228 Libraries, Destruction of, iii. 70 Litchfield, Dr. ii. 67 Lockier, Dr. and George I. ii. 157 Lowth, Bishop, ii. 75 Loyola, Ignatius, Founder of the Jesuits, iii. 234 Lustrations, iii. 31 Luther, ii. 272 Luther's Cell at Erfurth, ii. 10 Madan, Rev. Mr. i. 18 , Rev.Martin, iii. 1 90 Madox.Dr. i. 157 Maimbourg, Father, on Dogs, ii. 78 Maldonat, John, i. 180 Mammillarians, Sect of, ii. 96 Manichaeans, their Creed, iii. 157 Marshall, Stephen, ii. 58 Martyrdom, i. 167 Martyrs, i. 96 , iii. 242 Mary and Edw. VL iii. 281 Massillon, i. 113 Mattinson, Rev. Mr. iii. 154 Mausoleum, iii. 60 Mariazell, Church of, ii. 1 Mecklenburg, duke of, iii. 74 Melancthon, i. 192 Mercy better than Sacri- fice, ii. 129 Merolla, the Catholic Mis- sionary, ii. 145 Methodism, Awful Effects of, iii. 217 — — , Rigid, ii. 125 Methodist Footman, iii. 203 Methodists, iii. 32 Methodistical Extrava- gance, i. 31 Minories, ii. 240 Miracle, modern, iii. 30 Miracle, useful, ii. 233 Miracles of the Dark Ages, iii. 119 Miraculous Credulity, iii. 273 Miraculous Journey, ii. 266 Judgment, iii. 204, 251 Missionaries, iii. 19 296 I N D E X Monastery, Enormous, i. 270 Monasteries, Dissolution of, ii. 14 Monks, i. 61 , origin of, ii. 252 ■ and Saints, i. 89 ■ of the Seventh Cen- tury, iii. 87 and Chas. V. iii, 233 Monkish Erudition, i. 92 miracles, i. 135 Philosophy, iii. 224 Prayers, i. 186 Monument in St. Paul's Ca- thedral, iii. 56 s, singular, i. 219 at Saragossa, iii. 227 Moore, Bishop of Ely, iii. 252 ——-—-, Archbishop of Can- terbury, ii. 47 Moravians, i. 261 Mountain, Arbp. i. 79 _ Convents, vi. 126 Moreton, Dr. John. ii. 217 Mugd rum, Cross at, ii. 9r> Music,Effectsof, in Church, ii. 30 Mysteries, i. 220 , Early Dramatic, ii. 130 Mystical Funning, ii. 116 Jargon, iii. 164 Nabobs Monument in Westminster Abbey, ii. 65 Neville, Arbp. i. 97 Nicon, the Russian Patri- arch, i. 140 Nolo Episcopari, iii. 14 Norman Christians, ii. 8 1 Curate, iii. 115 Nowell, Dean of St. Paul's, iii. 123 Number 666, ii. 59 O'Leary, Father, ii. 164 Orthodoxy of Whiston, ii.85 Our Lady of Cardigan, iii. 1 Pagan, i. 9 Palm Sunday, ii. 157 Papal Avarice, i. 256 ■ Blasphemy, i. 251 — — — Policy, ii. 285 Progeny, i. 183 Supremacy, ii. 227 "Venality, iii. 252 Papist, Conversion of a, iii. -s and the Virgin, iii. Papistry, Montesquieu's Picture of, iii. 149 Pareus, David, of Silesia, ii. 17 Parker, Bishop of Oxford, ii. 39 Parkhurst, Mr. John and Bishop Jewel, ii. 153 Parson Patten of Whitsta- ble, iii. 98 Pastor Extraordinary, iii. 155 Faithful, i. 146 Patronage, Effects of, iii. 232 , ii. 219 Penance, i. 83 Penn and Mead tried for preaching, ii. 136 Penn, William, and Qua- kerism, iii. 50 P£re laChaise,Cemetery of iii. 145 INDEX. 297 Perrot the Quaker, i. 39 Persecution, i. 53, 243 s of the Church, ii.61 Persevering Recluse, i. S82 Personification and Preach- ing, iii. 197 Philip de Narni, ii. 59 Picot, L'Abbe, i. 158 Pietists, Sect of, ii. 7 Piety, Extraordinary, ii.l 17 Punning, iii. 202 Pious Asses, i. 272 Burlesque, ii. 51 . Extravagancies, iii. 67 Economy, ii. 263 Ectasies, ii. 247 Imprecation, i. 238 Liberty, i. 200 Punning, i. 32,— iii. 16 Quaintness, i. 207 Speculations, iii. 29 Pluralities, i. 222 in France, ii. §5 Pluralists, i. 181 PopeAdrian, death of, ii. 82. Boniface the Eighth, i. 161 Callixtus, ii. 186 Clement V. iii. 169 Joan, i. 127 JohnXXIII.ii.130,236 XXIV. ii. 256 Julius II. iii. 179 Innocent VI II. ii. 271 X. ii. 249 Leo X. i. 274 — — - the Tenth, iii. 154 Pius the fourth, iii. 245 Telesphonis, i. 173 Sextus hisBible,iii.1?5 ■ Urban VI 1 1 iii. 233 Popes, i, 148 PopishExtravagance, ii.228 ■ Martyr, iii. 277 Miracles, iii. 31 PortugueseEloquence,i.214 Prayer, Conditional, i. 26 Extraordinary,i.35 Puritanical, i. 44 -s, Roval and Effica- cious, ii. 97 Preaching in the 16th cen- tury, ii. 51 Extraordinary, ii, 37 Prebendaries in the time of Cromwell, ii. 74 Preferment, i. 122 Prelates, i. 21 Extraordinary, i. 27 Prelacy, the, ii. 49 Presbyterian Eloquence, ii. 257, 281 Prayers, ii. 71 Zeal, iii. 215 Prevot, Abbe,i. 280 Prideaux, Dr. and Book- seller, iii. 131 Priestly Power, i. 105 Promotion, wav to, i. 51 _ 1 — . iii. 17 Property of the Church, iii. 236 Proselyte, Extraordinary, iii. 29 Proselytism and Protes- tantism, ii. 116 Protestant Zeal, iii. 257 Providence, Interferences of, iii. 181 Prussian Monk, i. 139 Pulpit Eloquence, i. 173 (Modern French,) i 214 298 N D E X. Pulpit Flattery, i. 129 Pulpits, ii. 282 Punning, pious, i. 32 Purgatory, Stillingfieet's Definition of, iii. 159 . , I 20, 182, 210, 224 -, Help and Re- medies of, ii. 9y , iii. 17 Subdivisions of, iii. 60, 28 Puritan Examination, iii. 18* — s, in Cromwell's Time, iii. 201 , i. 224, 269, 264 of the seventeenth century, ii. 248 Puritans, Extravagancies of, iii. 202 Puritanical Preaching, iii. 66 Quakers, i. 144 Zeal of, ii. 93 Eccentricities of, iii. 150 Quietists, i. 180 Quoting Scripture, ii. 201 Raynard, Theophilus, the Jesuit, ii. 39, 78 Reformation, Effects of the, i.245 Religion and the Fine Arts, iii. 16 Religious Chastity, i. 177 Jargon, ii. 286 ■ Houses in Eng- land, Dissolution of, iii. . 33 — — Ratting, ii. 52 — Will, iii. 157 Raptures, iii. 194 Religious Repartee, iii. 257 — Mummery, iii. 258 Relic at Messina, ii. 189 Relics, i. 61, 64,— iii. 109 ■ at Modena, ii. 20 at Aix la Chapelle, i. 267 * at Constantinople, ii. 121 at Dobberan, iii. 129 at Upsal, iii. 178 Retaliation, iii. 195 Repentance, Sermons on, ii. 20 Retz, Cardinal de, iii. 32 Rival Candidates, iii. 144 Rivals, the, i. 241 Rochester, Prebend of, i. 145 Rosary, description of, ii. 24 ifus deal, iii. 57 Rugeri, Archb. and Count Ugolino, iii. 177 Rum Religion, iii. 15 Russian Priests, ii. 283 Rydley, Bishop, iii. 219 Sacrilege, Devout, ii. 246 Saint Afra, Church of, ii. 64 Agatha, iii. 237 Alban, i. 164 Alphege, ii. 178 Ambrose, i. 104 Augustine, i. 199 Bartholomew, Mas- sacre of, ii. 281 ■ Bartholomew, iii. 196 Bruno, iii. 264 — — Bernard, Monksof, iii f 107 iii, 158 INbE X. 29< Saint Catherine, i. 204 Chrysostrom, iii. £46 Clement, i. 192 Cyprian, i. 198 Denys, i. 119 Dunstan, ii. 165 Saint Editha, 239 Francis, i. 72 Genevieve, i. 266 George, i. 58 Helena, i. 838 James, ii. 47 J,238 Gerome, i. 139 — — Tgnatius, iii. 241 Kewen, ii. 266 — — Lawrence, i. 19,111 — — Lisieux, Bishop of, iii. 74 Margaret, Legend of, ii. 202 Saint Michael and the Heavenly Host, i. 108 Saint Michael and all An- gels, iii. 195 Nicholas, iii. 132 Patrick, Miracles of, ii. 158 Pol de Lion, i. 130 Rodolph, ii. 270 Simeon Stylites, ii. 149 Stephen, ii. 112 —iii. 94 — — Veronica, ii. 11 Vincent de Paul, iii. 112 Paul's, Monument in, i. 186 Sarpi, Paul, i. 270 Saurin, Eloquence of, ii. 106 Savonarola, Jerome, iii. 87 Scotch Covenanter?, iii 252 — — Friar.-;, ni. 228 Presbyterians, ii. 234 Scripture, curious commen- tary on, i. 46 ', Illustrations of, i. 22 , Singular Com- mentary on, iii. 22 Illustration, ii. 203 Scriptural Calculations, iii. 154 Scotch Prayers, iii. 69 Scottish Prayer, ii. 12 Seasonable Prayers, iii. 56 Sects, Names of, ii. 67 Sergius the Second, ii. 81 Sermon, Extraordinary, i. 24 , Electioneering, i. 171 , Curious, ii. 31 s, Eccentiic Titles of, ii. 81 Seven Sleepers, i. 75 Shaw, Dr. i. 121 Sheldon, Arbp. i. 41 Sherlock, Bishop, his Dis- courses, ii. 184 Simony defined, iii. 101 Sigerius of Wittemberg, i. 187 Singular Distinction,!. 159 Relic, i. 51 Prayer, iii. 176 Sixtus the Sixth, iii. 250 Skelton, Rev. P. ii. 183, iii. 114,119 Sleepers Reproved, iii 88 South. Dr. i. 25,114,134 ii. 56 300 1NDE X. South, Dr. and the Royal Dinner, ii. Ill )rtes 144 Spanish Hyperbole, iii. 57 Spanish Piety, i. 178 Sporting Prelate, ii. 93 Squire, Bishop, i. 307 Stewards for the Poor, ii. 127 Stifelius Michael, i. 22, 216 Stillingfleet, Dr. i. 27 Swift, Dean, upon Duelling, iii. 114 Swinden, Rev. Mr. iii. 221 Sympathy of Nature, i. 106 Taylor, Dr. i. 159 Telemachus the Monk, ii. 132 Teraphim, Receipt for, iii. 62 Terrai, Abbe, ii. 232 Tertullian, ii. 135 ■— = ,1.19 Tillotson, Arbp. ii. 133 • , iii. 9 Tipasa, Miracles of, ii. 157 Tithe Reckoning, i. 102 Titles of Religious Books, i. 202 Toledo,Cathedral of, iii. 198 Toleration, i. 191 Toplady, Rev. Mr. ii. 18, 63 Thomas Aquinas and Inno- cent IV. iii. 149 a Beckct, i. 154, 194 , Dr. ii. 155,254 Transubstantiation Mira cles, ii. 94 ■ ■■ - Spanish epitome'of, ii. 53 Transubstantiation versifi- ed, i. 33,47,81,247. ii. 83. iii. 23,49. Tresham, Dr. and Bishop Jewel, iii. 153 The Trinity, i. 162 Translation, Extraordinary, iii. 26 True Christianity, ii. 60 Vanini Lucilio, i. 262 Vatican MSS. ii. 8. Venerable Bede, ii. 205 Ventriloquism, i. 93 Villenage, i. 235 Virgin Mary, the, ii. 209 , i. 166 Volo Episcopari, ii. 4t Pope Clement V. 170 Wickliffe 232 Chart of Ecclesiastical History, iii.