m L Ixeporfs or ^acxrci o? Educe* -Hon e+e- ; vvi+h notes c\nc{ Correchons by C: Van "Rensselaer, c\ i-y\e.\mloe.r o-p the ■4 1 3 i; t }•: a , v - ■77 - x \j u i PIvESBVii;?: L\N f'.'J'l H dftJW ..CV< £4*^ tff ] the ®to%% » PRINCETON, N. J. $ _ . . . ■ ' . . toff < . \ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library http://www.archive.org/details/annualreportofOOpres s^a& [1847. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. PRESENTED MAY, 1847. PHILADELPHIA : PUBLISHED BY THE BOARD. WILLIAM S. MARTIEN, PRINTER. 1847. \ TABLE OP CONTENTS PAGE Candidates, their number, &c 3 Pastoral supervision 4 State of the Treasury , 5 Agencies 5 GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND FACTS. 1. The ministry is Christ's institution 6 2. More ministers are needed 7 3. Facts about the increase and decrease of candidates 9 4. God alone can furnish ministers , 10 5. Means must be used to increase the supply of ministers 10 6. The right kind of means to be employed 11 1. Prayer 11 2. Pastoral instruction 12 3. The parental consecration of children to Christ 14 4. Education under the supervision of the Church 14 5. Pecuniary help to those who are called to preach the gospel.. 15 APPENDIX. Treasurer's report , 17 Members of the Board 18 Officers of the Board, &c 2 Action of ihe Assembly on the Annual Report .... 19 Action of the Assembly on the Report on Parochial Schools 19 Extracts from the by-laws of the Board , 20 Form of a recommendation from a Presbytery to the Board 23 Declaration to be signed by the candidate 23 Form of a Quarterly Report from Teachers, Faculties, &c 24 Extracts from former Reports page 3 of cover. Life-members made during the year 1 do. Form of a bequest or devise 4 do. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA . TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, PRESENTED MAY, 1S47. PHILADELPHIA : PUBLISHED BY THE BOARD. WILLIAM S. MARTIEN, PRINTER. 1847. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. Alexander Henry, President. Matthew L. Bevan, ^ Jno. McDowell, D.D. > Vice-Presidents. Thomas Bradford, Esq. j C. Van Rensselaer, D. D., Corresponding Secretary. Wm. Chester, D.D., Asso. Secretary and Gen. AgH. W. M. Atkinson, D.D., AgH for the South and South-West. R. Soltter, Jr., Recording Secretary. Joseph B. Mitchell, Treasurer. Frederick V. Krug, > . 7 ., t , Tvr r> } Auditors. James N. Dickson, $ The Board meet on the first Thursday of every month,"at 4 o'clock, P. M. I EXECUTIVE COMMUTER Matthew L. Bevan, Chairman. James N. Dickson, Joseph H. Jones, D. D. .Matthew Newkirk, H. A. Boardman, D.D. James Ddnlap, A. Tudehope, Thomas Bradford, Esq. Wm. Chester, D.D. R. Soutter, Jr. C Van Rensselaer, D.D. Alexander Symington, J. B. Mitchell. The Executive Committee meet every Thursday, at 3| o'clock, P.M. Communications for the BOARD OF EDUCATION, and remittances of money by mail, may be addressed to the Rev. C. Van Rensselaer, D.D., Corresponding Secretary, No. 25 Sansom street, Philadelphia. All donations may be left with Rev. Daniel Wells, N. Y., S. Russell, Esq., Louisville, Ky., Messrs. M. Leech & Son, Pittsburgh, or other friends, for the use of the Board ; and in Philadelphia, at No. 25 Sansom street, second story. "* The Presidents of the Faculties of the various Colleges, Theological Semi- naries and Academies, throughout the country, will confer a favour on the Board by sending copies of their catalogues, directed to the Corresponding Secretary, No. 25 Sansom street, Philadelphia. ANNUAL KEPORT. The Board of Education respectfully submit to the General Assem- bly an account of their operations during the year, accompanied by a statement of some general views connected with the advancement of the cause of ministerial education. CANDIDATES. The number of new candidates received during the year has been ------ 96 Making in all, from the beginning, (in 1S19,) - 1663 The whole number on the list during the year has been 403 Of this number there have been In their Theological course 140 " « Collegiate do. 187 " " Academical do. 43 Stage of study not reported 5 Teaching to procure funds 28 403 During the year thirty-nine candidates, so far as heard from, have been licensed to preach the Gospel of Christ. Having been enabled, by the wise, benevolent and dutiful provisions of the Church to complete the prescribed course of studies, they have gone forth, as " workmen that need not be ashamed," to do the will of their Lord. Seven candidates have been discontinued for conduct which, though not openly immoral, was deemed inconsistent with the sa- cred calling. The Board are firmly resolved, by God's grace, to maintain to the extent of their authority a high standard of quali- fication. They will never willingly submit to be accessory to the education of doubtful candidates; and anxiously invoke the aid of the Church in the delicate, responsible, and important work of sift- ing out the undeserving. Whilst they pretend not to be discerners of the heart, they have a right to act upon the Saviour's rule — " by their fruits ye shall know them." One candidate has left the Presbyterian to join another Church. He was recommended to the Board by a Presbytery which had no 4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE accurate knowledge of his character and habits — his residence having been previously without their bounds. This is mentioned to show the necessity of great caution on the part of the Presbyteries. The ministers and elders of the Church are sentinels on the stations where Providence has placed them, to keep all intruders beyond our lines. It is due to the young man in question to state that he promptly and honourably returned the small sum he had received. Two candidates have been discontinued for marrying. The Board early adopted the rule of withholding aid from those who involved the Church in additional expense, whilst pursuing their preparatory studies. Four have ceased to require aid, in the Providence of God. Seven have abandoned study, most of them on account of ill health. Twenty have been discontinued by purging the roll. Many of these are engaged in teaching; but not having reported themselves during the year, their names have been erased according to the regulation. Two have died; solemnly reminding the band of young disciples to be ready to meet their Lord, and that their education may be sud- denly transferred to the amazing revelations of another world. PASTORAL SUPERVISION. During the year, the Corresponding Secretary and the Associate Secretary and General Agent have attempted to carry out a plan of pastoral visitation. They have visited almost all the institutions where the candidates are collected in any number; have prayed with the young men, conversed with them, and endeavoured pub- licly and privately to stir up their minds to the remembrance of the high and holy duties of the ministry. Dr. Atkinson has also dis- charged the same duty in various sections of the Church. So that few of the candidates are personally unknown to us. We intend, the Lord being our help, to continue this good work that we "may be comforted together with them by the mutual faith both of them and us." — A pastoral letter was addressed to every candidate under the care of the Board, which was received with Christian affection by the young brethren, as their answers indicate. The various duties connected with the supervision of candidates can be adequately discharged, by God's blessing, only with the zealous co-operation of ministers, teachers, and Presbyteries. The minister of the Church, with which the young man is connected, is his pastor in the true sense of the word, and should never intermit the duties of a faithful overseer. Teachers have great responsibility in the religious as well as the intellectual training of the candidates. Having peculiar facilities to understand their character, to converse with them, to direct their studies, to counsel them, they are in a posi- tion that sustains a most interesting and important relation to the BOARD OF EDUCATION. 5 Board. The Presbyteries, by taking the candidates under their care, have constituted themselves ecclesiastical guardians, and must be held responsible to the Church for the manner in which they discharge their trust. The Board earnestly implore every Presby- tery represented in this Assembly to hold regular intercourse with, their candidates, whatever supervision from other sources may be exercised over them. The Board will endeavour to discharge the pastoral duties which, from the nature of the case, devolve upon them, as the organ of the General Assembly; but these duties pri- marily reside hi the Presbyteries, and should be performed as faith- fully as though the Board had no agency whatever in the matter. It is only by a harmonious, steady, and confidential co-operation with ministers, teachers, and Presbyteries, that the Board can dare to hope for success in the arduous and solemn work of pastoral supervision. STATE OF THE TREASURY. The Treasurer's Report of moneys received and expended from May 1st, 1846, to May 1st, 1847, is as follows: Balance on hand May 1st, 1846, .... $3,918.48 Cash received during the year, Total amount of available funds, . Amount paid on orders of Executive Committee, Balance May 1st, 1848, .... Of which applicable to parochial schools, In regard to this large and unexpected balance, it is to be observed that $3000, as indicated above, are by the permission of the donors, appropriated to parochial schools in feeble churches, provided the Assembly shall sanction that system of education. A considerable part of the remainder has already been drawn to pay the quar- terly appropriations due on May 1st. And inasmuch as compara- tively few churches in the northern Synods make their contributions in the summer, the Board anticipate their usual difficulty in meeting the appropriations of the August and November quarters, which will be considerably heavier this year than last year. AGENCIES. The Rev. Dr. Chester, the Associate Secretary and General Agent, has continued his labours in the promotion of the cause to which he has devoted himself for so many years. He has traversed the field in different directions, visited churches, Presbyteries and Synods, and successfully attended to the arduous duties of raising funds to carry on the operations of the Board. 35,627.14 39,545.62 32,327.08 7,218.54 3,000.00 84,2 18.54 b ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The Rev. Dr. Atkinson, who was especially appointed for the South, has visited that section of our Church in behalf of the Board, with gratifying success. The funds available for education purposes have generally increased at the .South, as well as the number of can- didates. Dr. Atkinson has also visited various parts of the West during the year, and will continue to employ a part of his time in the great valley. The extent of his labours may be inferred from the fact that he has travelled over nine thousand miles. In the early part of the year, the Rev. J. D. Mitchell rendered efficient service to the Board in the collection of funds within the bounds of the Pittsburgh treasury, but was compelled by ill-health to abandon so arduous a work. In various Presbyteries some of the ministers have kindly acted as voluntary agents, and have shown what Christian zeal can accom- plish in a good cause. The Corresponding Secretary has attended to the collection of funds, as far as his other duties allowed. The result of another year's experience has continued to develope the great want of system in the benevolent operations of our Church. It is believed that if every congregation had regular periods, fixed by the session, for contributing to the different benevolent objects, the most important ends would be gained with the least expense and in the manner most satisfactory to the Church. One of the aims of the Board during the year has been to obtain something from every church, however small the amount; and in a number of the Presbyteries, they have succeeded remarkably well. They regret, however, to state that notwithstanding much effort, it is estimated that about two-thirds of our churches have done nothing to sustain the education cause. GENERAL PRINCIPLES. The Board embrace this opportunity to re-affirm before the As- sembly and the Church some of the leading facts and principles which are indissolubly connected with the advancement of the in- terests of ministerial education. I. THE MINISTRY IS CHRIST'S INSTITUTION. The basis of all the operations of the Board of Education is, that a pious and well qualified ministry is the great instrumentality appointed by the Head of the Church for the conversion of the world. The following propositions which illustrate this point, are here stated without being argued. 1. Our blessed Lord consecrated the office of the ministry by the sacred example of his active and self-denying life. 2. One of the objects of his chief concern was the selection, train- ing and sending forth of disciples for the same great work. 3. His last command confirms, with divine emphasis, the plan of saving the world through a preached gospel. BOARD OF EDUCATION. 7 4. His royal gifts, given to men amidst the triumphs of his ascen- sion, were "apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors and teachers." 5. The Holy Scriptures abound with revelations that magnify the office of ambassador of Christ. 6. And the whole history of the Church shows that the Holy Spirit is poured out to save them that believe through the preaching of the cross. All the measures which God has taken to save the world con- centrate, as the instrument of their success, upon the living ministry of reconciliation. The work of training up ministers is therefore fundamental work in the Church of Christ. II. MORE MINISTERS ARE NEEDED. The Providence of God calls loudly for more men to preach the gospel. The commission to "preach the gospel" at all, requires that it should be preached "to every creature" The gospel is Christ's gospel for all the earth. Prophecy is full of the wonders of the Spirit's dispensation, and the fulfilment of its glories was the ob- ject of the mission of the Son of God. But alas ! how little is the Redeemer's church affected either by the dreary waste of nations sitting in the shadow of death, or by the visions of prophecy which fill the whole earth with his glory! The number of ordained ministers which the Presbyterian Church sends out to teach the heathen nations is exceedingly small in com- parison with the extent of the field. The Judaism of the apostolic Church, displayed in an unwillingness to send the gospel to the Gen- tiles, still shows itself at the present day. Lukewarmness in the cause of foreign missions partakes of the spirit of Judaism. It dis- honours the dispensation of Christ, whose distinguishing principles are fulness of light and the universality of its diffusion. The Church should send forth hundreds of Christian missionaries to relieve the cry of perishing millions, and to answer the importunity of an awa- kening world. But where are the men ? " The labourers are few" Within the bounds of our own denomination, in this favoured land, there are nearly five hundred vacant churches. If some of these have been supplied during the year, others have become desti- tute of the means of grace ; and if many of these congregations be small, yet in the aggregate they embrace many thousands of church members. When the Presbyterian Church ventures to affirm that small congregations need not be in possession of the stated ministra- tions of God's word, she forgets that almost all her large congrega- tions were once small, that the very organization of a new congrega- tion places her under obligations to supply it with the truth, and that the salvation of a single soul is above the price of all missionary efforts, yea, of worlds upon worlds. Besides this large number of vacancies, there are hundreds of des- titute places east, south, and west, where the gospel ought to be pro- claimed from sanctuaries built up through the labours of Presbyterian 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE missionaries. The aggressive character of Christianity, though illus- trated in the history of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, has not, it must be admitted, been sustained by a testimony as con- sistent, decided, and universal as the spirit of the gospel requires. The following table shows what has been done in the last seven years in the three chief cities in the Synods of Albany, New York, and Philadelphia, in which Presbyterianism was early planted. 1S39. 1846. Churches. Population. Albany, 3 32,000 New York, 9 300,000 Philadelphia, 12 222,000 24 554,000 Churches. Population 3 42,000 11 380,000 13 270,000 27 6S2,000 Every minister at the East knows of places in his own Presbytery where new churches might be established to advantage. But who can furnish the statistics of destitution throughout large districts of the South and West? The men of Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Illi- nois, Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia can tell us how many hundreds of Presbyterian missionaries are needed this very year to train their growing States for heaven ! In addition to our vacancies and actual destitutions, we must include the almost confounding element of the increase of our popu- lation. The developments of American statistics are the romance of political economy. It has been computed, in popular language, that the wave of population rolls westward at the rate of eighteen miles a year, sweeping away the wilderness by a living tide of active and increasing encroachment. Unless the enterprise of the vast hetero- geneous West and South-west shall be sanctified by the power of religion, that section of country will become the calamity of our great republic. With an adequate supply of right-minded, devoted ministers, the number of Presbyterian churches might, in the Providence of God, be speedily doubled. The Board of Missions have affirmed that they might advantageously locate one thousand missionaries, if they could find the men. But where are the men? " The labourers are few" In opposition to these and similar statements that show the neces- sity of more ministers, it is said that in certain sections of our Church there are more ministers than congregations. Giving this objection its fullest weight, it only proves that the ministers are not needed there. The fact that our own barns are full does not prove that there is no famine in Ireland. Certain sections of our country may possibly have an abundant supply of ministers, whilst other parts of our country and of the world are famishing for want of the word of the Lord. It must be considered also, that many of these ministers who are " without charge" are either infirm, are engaged in the important work of instructing our youth, or are doing other useful service for the Church. The number of real idlers in our Church is believed BOARD OF EDUCATION. 9 to be small. But even if the number were ten-fold, it would be no argument against attempting to educate an efficient ministry, but on the contrary, would be a plea for it. III. FACTS ABOUT THE DECREASE AND INCREASE OF CANDIDATES. In the midst of these enlarged demands for more men, the fact stands out upon our records that for the last three years the number of candidates in the Presbyterian Church has been diminishing. The watchman, in telling us of the night, could scarcely have alarmed Zion with a more fearful report. The Minutes of the General Assembly show the following result: In 1S44, the whole number of candidates repainted, was 364 1845, " " " " " 346 1S46, " " " " " 339 The reality of this diminution is confirmed by the tables of the Board of Education. In 1S44, the number of neio candidates received, was 99 1845, " " " " " 71 1846, " " " " " 67 It also appears that the number of theological students who gra- duated at the Theological Seminaries of the Congregational and Presbyterian churches, was In 1843, " " " « " 177 1846, " " " " " 150 This result, reached by three independent sources of information, is in accordance with the acknowledged decline of spiritual religion within our bounds during this period. The decrease of candidates in an evangelical Church may well excite the most anxious apprehension. When God deprives a Church of the privilege and the power of making aggressive move- ments upon the kingdom of darkness, it is time for his people to take warning. The small increase of candidates this year — which is eighteen in the aggregate above the number of last year — should by no means diminish the solicitude of the Church on this vital topic. The number of candidates is far behind the wants of the Church and the age. The Free Church of Scotland, with about seven hundred ministers and congregations, has nearly the same number of theological stu- dents as our own branch of the Presbyterian Church, with seventeen hundred ministers and twenty-four hundred congregations. Accord- ing to "the rule of three," which is a fearful test for us when we cypher with Scotland, our Church should have at least five hundred theological students, and one thousand candidates under the care of the Board of Education in all stages of their studies. At our present rate of increase, it would take a generation to reach the relative numbers of Scotland, even if Scotland remained stationary during the interval. Small as our increase has been, during the year, there 10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE is danger that it will backslide again into a diminution. No subject should more anxiously engage the attention, the prayers, and the efforts of the Church than the adequate supply of her ministerial ranks. IV. GOD ALONE CAN FURNISH THE CHURCH WITH MINISTERS. All the arrangements of Christ's kingdom are under the dispensa- tion of His sovereign good pleasure. The ministerial office, which requires in the first place the regeneration of the soul, is entirely de- pendent upon the will of God. "Not by might nor by power, but by my Spirit, saith the Lord." The grace of regeneration and sancti- fication is bestowed, through the cross of Christ, upon his own elect. In addition to a saving call, the ministerial office requires the inti- mations of God's will by the Spirit in regard to this particular voca- tion. The soul is called not only to the knowledge of Christ, but to the ministry of Christ. " No man taketh this honour to himself, but he that is called of God as was Aaron." The Presbyterian Church is clear and explicit in her standards and in her practice as to the necessity of a holy and divinely called min- istry. This is a fundamental principle in all her operations. V. THE INCREASE OF THE MINISTRY DEPENDS, UNDER GOD, UPON THE USE OF MEANS. It is sometimes urged that human instrumentality has no scope in the raising up of ministers; that God will call men into the min- istry, whenever He has need of them. This objection is, uninten- tionally, partly Antinomian and partly infidel. It is Antinomian, so far as it rests upon God's purposes irrespectively of the means in- volved in their execution; and it is infidel, so far as it tends to tempt Providence and grace, and to bring the whole matter of ministerial education into disrepute. The success of Christ's kingdom in the world depends instrumen- tally on the prayerful, self-denying, persevering efforts of his people in every department of holy enterprise. Whilst God demands the acknowledgment of his own sovereignty as a primary and glorious truth, he will not allow his creatures to disown human agency in the accomplishment of his plans. It is a very proof of his sove- reignty that he has adapted human agency to fulfil his purposes. The command of Christ to pray to him as the "Lord of the har- vest," implies the faithful efforts of his Church, with a reliance upon his blessing, to secure the object of their supplications. The analogies of religion confirm the same idea. The conversion of the soul, as well as its sanctification, consolation and providential guidance, is connected with means of every kind and degree. Chris- tian character and hope, in the endless variety of gracious experience, depend upon the employment of divinely ordained instrumentalities. Why then should the single subject of furnishing the Church with BOARD OF EDUCATION. 11 ministers be selected as requiring no Christian effort, no anxious toil, no holy zeal, no persevering care? The authority of the Church is concerned in this great topic. If the Church cannot use means to call the attention of her children to the ministry, what voice can she have in their ordination? The topics she propounds in the examination of candidates as to personal qualification for the ministry, embrace the substance of the inquiries which the use of means furnishes for private consideration. If the Head of the Church exclude the preliminary agency of his saints, much less have they any right to sit in judgment on the irreversible decision of His will. Apostolic practice confirms the practice of the Church at the pre- sent time. Paul's injunctions to Timothy, such as " the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to teach others also;" " lay hands suddenly on no man:" "ordain elders in every church;" these injunctions demanded that Timothy should employ all suitable me- thods of testing character. It was necessary for him to use all the means which Christian prudence suggested in regard to so important a work. The use of appropriate means for the increase of the ministry is the safest plan. To leave this great subject undiscussed and unat- tended to in the Church, is to hand it over to the impulses of fanati- cism, and to all the misconceptions of ignorance. £ , This is the surest way to obtain ministers. Experience proves that when the Church uses the means of God's appointment, her candidates increase; and that when religion languishes and her efforts grow faint, their number diminishes. Providence teaches a lesson as impressive as revelation. If there be no scope for effort on the subject of increasing the min- istry, it would be difficult to know what to do and what to leave un- done. On the principle involved in the objection, the objector might say that God will not only call ministers without human intervention, but educate them too; and thus an argument would be furnished equally valid against all our institutions for ministerial training. The fact that the Presbyterian Church has always used means to increase the ministry, has produced the impression on some minds that she was comparatively indifferent to spiritual qualification. Her standards and her history are both decisive proofs of the injustice of such an impression. No Church has more fully borne her testimony to the necessity of a divine call, through the operation of the Holy Spirit. The means our Church employs are sanctioned by the Scrip- tures and are dependent upon the grace of God for their success. VI. NATURE OP THE MEANS FOR INCREASING THE SUPPLY OF MINISTERS. 1. Prayer to "the Lord of the harvest" is among the precious, personal instructions of our Lord Jesus Christ. This injunction was given by the Redeemer just before sending out the Apostles on their 12 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE mission; as though the struggling anxieties of his soul in view of this solemn occasion, sought sympathy and co-operation from all his followers. The calling as well as the training of heralds of salvation demands the most importunate supplications to the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. If labourers be few, none but God can send out more. The Church, whose prayers ascend to "the Lord of the har- vest," will receive the first fruits of his blessing in a spiritual and numerous ministry. The encouragement to prayer, given by the Saviour to the Church, has been enforced by the responses of a gracious Providence. In a former Report, (1S42) the Board of Education made the grateful acknowledgment of an increase in the number of candidates, after the observance of a day of special prayer which had been set apart by the General Assembly. The same delightful testimony seems to recall the Church this year to the true source of all her blessings. The full connexion between the prayers of God's people on the day appointed by the last Assembly, and the increase of our candidates this year, it is impossible to scrutinize with statistical accuracy. To assert that there is none is the language of infidelity. The fact stands upon our records in the simple grandeur of a divine memo- rial, which faith accepts with earnest and adoring praise. The Board solemnly and anxiously reiterate their convictions that the education operations of the Church cannot be successfully carried on without much prayer. The number of candidates will decrease, and their training will not be such as the Church and the age require, unless the grace of God, invoked by his people, shines around our tabernacle by day and by night. What importunate, what perse- vering prayer should go up from the closet, from the family altar, and from the sanctuary to Him who superintends the harvest field of the world! If our Church did but fully realize who it is that has said "pray ye to the Lord of the harvest," she would have more earnestly asked Him, and he would have abundantly "sent forth la- bourers into his harvest!" 2. Pastoral instruction is necessary for the increase of the minis- try. The ministers of Christ, simply as professional men, are under obligations to take an interest in the perpetuation of their order. But as men called of God to superintend all that has a relation to the prosperity of Zion, it seems impossible to dispense with their active and devoted influence in whatever appertains to "the ministry of re- conciliation." It is recorded of one of the most faithful servants of Christ, lately deceased but "yet speaking," that he was instrumental in introducing into the ministry upwards of forty young men, many of them in his own congregation. Another pastor in a neigh- bouring city has attended, since his installation, the examination of thirty-two candidates from his own congregation. Some of our churches are distinguished for the number of labourers that are called into the vineyard; whilst others scarcely furnish one in a generation. Even entire Presbyteries have sometimes not a single candidate under BOARD OF EDUCATION. 13 their care. Such facts cannot be fully accounted for on any theory that excludes human responsibility, and particularly the responsibility of the ministry. Much can be done, which is left undone by minis- terial effort. The attention of our pious and promising youth might be wisely turned much oftener to the consideration of the ministry, as a question of personal duty. Private conversation, with an affection- ate and solemn reference to the choice of a profession, might make a deep impression upon many an ingenuous and pious heart. Nor can public instruction in the sanctuary be faithful, which does not from time to time unfold the claims of the ministry upon the sons of the Church. The following anecdote shows what can be accom- plished for God, when there is a gracious and firm purpose to serve him. On the banks of the Susquehannah was once settled a Presbyterian pastor (yet alive), whom God afflicted with sickness. In the midst of "languor and disease," it was "sweet" for him to look to Christ and to form high and solemn resolves to live more unreservedly to his glory, if life were spared. His meditations were one day inter- rupted by the hymns of praise which a young carpenter mingled with his daily work. And the sick man "heard them." His pious and enterprising soul soon suggested the question, "why may not this young carpenter glorify the son of Joseph in the ministry of salva- tion?" He immediately determined that, if the youth were of a suitable character and had a love of souls, he would educate him in the hope that the Spirit of Christ would "count him worthy" of the sacred calling. The pastor insisted upon his wife's inviting the young man to lead in family prayers, which he did with unusual unction. Inquiries justified the favourable impressions received. The pastor recovers. The carpenter lays aside his plane and his saw. He enters an academy, and then a college. He determines, by the grace of God, to devote himself to the ministry and to be a missionary to the heathen. He enters Princeton Seminary. The peculiar savour of his piety is yet held in sacred remembrance there. He sails for Africa and enters her vast fields waving with the harvest. In the midst of his labours the noon-day sun smote down the reaper; but doubtless he was carried home rejoicing, " bringing his sheaves with him." From the mansions of glory, he testifies to the pre- cious influence of a pastor's care! Our young men need encouragement, counsel, watchfulness, sym- pathy, warning, exhortation. They need pastoral supervision with all its kindly, persuasive, authoritative instructions. They need to be appealed to from the cross, and from the throne. Every young man of piety and promise should realize that the Lord his God has bought him with a price, and that he must render an account of his profession — of the motives which led to its choice, as well as of the manner of pursuing it. Worldly influences are besetting our youth with a power that often tempts them to dishonour their religion. Their hearts become pre-engaged by merchandize and the law and 14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE the farm and medicine, and corrupting idleness and the pride of life. What shall save our youth to the Church, if our ministers slumber? 3. The parental consecration of children to Christ is an impor- tant element in increasing the supply of ministers. The influence of a parent upon the destiny of a child is seen not only in the lineaments of his face, but to a greater or less extent in the developments of his soul and in the formation of his character both for life and immor- tality. God uses that wonderful organization — the family — to serve the ends of the dispensation of his grace. " In thee and in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed." "Thou shalt keep my covenant, therefore, thou and thy seed after thee in their generations." The natural as well as the covenant influence of a holy household is the plea of God with parents to endeavour to train their children for his service. The children belong to God as the creations of his power, the "gracious gifts" of his Providence. Having been also dedicated to him by baptismal vows, why should parents desire to lead them off from the sanctuary path, from the most honourable, useful, and glorious employment among the occupations of men? Scripture example stimulates parental devotion in the early dedication and training of children. Hannah, having prevailed with God to create her child, solemnly "lent him unto the Lord all the days of his life." The tenderness of a mother's love, elevated above the temptations of natural indulgence, surrendered her only boy to the service of Him in whom both mother and child lived and moved and had their being. Thus Samuel, by the grace of God, took his place among the prophets ! The example of Eunice, in teach- ing Timothy " the Scriptures from his youth," shows what a pious mother can do for the Church and for Heaven. In all ages parental consecration has had much to do with the sup- plies of the ministerial ranks. The lives of Augustine, and Doddridge, and Edwards, and Davies, and Cecil, and Newton, and Mills, and Payson are illustrations of the power of parental tears and prayers. There would be no lack of ministers for our churches, if Christians dedicated their children to the Redeemer and faithfully laboured to "bring them up in His nurture and admonition." A favourable impression of the office of the ministry, instilled into the mind of a child, may be sanctified to him in future life in the choice of the ministerial profession. The Board of Education have observed in the corrrespondence of their candidates a remarkable testimony to this fact. Many of them particularly mention the respect for the ministry taught and felt in childhood as having had an influence after their conversion in turning their attention to the sacred office. The redemption of the world and all the measures to secure it, are closely connected with infant training. 4. Education under the supervision of the Church at the school, at the academy, and at the college, as well as at the seminary, is of supreme importance to the interests of the ministerial profession. BOARD OF EDUCATION. 15 The neglect on the part of the Church of her baptized children and of her youth in general, at the very forming period of their character, is one of the anomalies which it is earnestly hoped will no longer tarnish our annals. The Board beg leave to refer to their Report on Parochial Schools, herewith submitted to the Assembly, for a more full expression of their views on the importance of Christian educa- tion in securing better qualifications for the ministry, in enlarging the range of its supplies, in providing against failures, and in resting the whole matter on its true, satisfactory, and well-ordered basis. 5. The increase of our ministers depends upon a system of Church co-operation, through which pecuniary aid can be rendered to the pious and indigent who feel called by the Spirit and by the voice of the Church to prosecute their studies with a view to the ministry. The Presbyterian Church, from her earliest history in this country, has been anxious to afford facilities for the prosecution of a theological education. She has removed, to a great extent, the obstacles in the way of indigent candidates, whom she has ever cherished with special care and maternal hope. The language of our blessed Lord, "Woman, behold thy son," not inappropriately illustrates the sympa- thy between the Church and her children preparing for her ministry. The Church needs their services even more than they need hers. Tender interest and affection should distinguish this family relation of mutual dependence. The Board of Education is established upon "the principle that the Church is bound to make provision for the education of such of her sons as are called of God to the work of the ministry, and are in cir- cumstances to require her aid." On the same general principle, the Board of Missions assist in supporting missionaries after they are prepared to enter on their work. The principle of aiding candidates for the ministry is much more extensive than is involved in the or- ganization of the Board of Education. Every candidate for the min- istry, rich or poor, in our denomination, who has ever pursued his studies in any of our theological seminaries, has had his education given to him by the Church. He was gratuitously taught by the mother of us all. He has been to that extent what is sometimes called a "beneficiary."* The Board of Education is only the ser- vant of the Church to see that none of the members of her hospitable household shall suffer for the necessaries of life. If there be any thing wrong in the general principles of our Church on the subject of min isterial instruction, it would seem to be, not that she helps the poor, but that she helps the rich. The Board is organized for the exclusive benefit of those who really need assistance. This general object is so congenial to the spirit of the gospel that it will ever find favour in our churches. The women of Galilee, who ministered of their sub- stance to the Lord and his disciples, will never cease to have a true succession in the Church to praise and to imitate their piety and * This term the Board are disposed to abandon as not accurately expressing the rela- tion between the Church and her candidates. The Church is in an important sense the beneficiary. 16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE good works. The duty of assisting our indigent candidates cannot be consistently denied, as long as our standards make high literary at- tainments an indispensable qualification for the sacred office. Evil will be the day in the Presbyterian Church when the rich can ob- tain an education for the ministry to the exclusion of the poor! It has been computed that at least one half of all the ministers of our Church have been aided in receiving their theological education. God has in all ages supplied his faithful ministers chiefly from the ranks of the humble and the poor. The Church, therefore, is acting in the line both of God's Providence and grace. And she has been blessed in doing so. Her candidates are to be found in every Synod, rewarding her benevolence by arduous labours in the Redeemer's cause. A large proportion of our foreign and domestic missionaries have been both trained up and sent forth by the funds of the Church. Africa, India, and China testify that there is a blessing in the Board of Education. Many a wilderness and solitary place in our own and in heathen lands have been renewed in their long-lost hopes through devoted ministers, offered in baptism and nursed by the pious poor. The vast results of our education operations in multiplying the num- ber of ministers and in advancing all the interests of the kingdom of the Son of God, will be known only in the day when he himself shall appear in his glory! The Board of Education, in concluding this Report, feel it to be a privilege to carry out the views of the Assembly, as their organ in this important branch of ecclesiastical service. Having through evil and good report received the Assembly's sanction, they again trust in a kind Providence to enable them to conduct the interests committed to their care, in a manner acceptable to the highest judicatory of the Church. Alexander Henry, President of the Board. C. Van Rensselaer, Corresponding Secretary. May, 1847. The term of service of the following members of the Board of Education expires in May, 1847. MINISTERS. LAYMEN. Philip Lindsley, D. D. Matthew L. Bevan, David Magie, D. D. Nathaniel Ewing, Esq. George Potts, D. D. Thomas McKeen, R. J. Breckinridge, D. D. Humphrey H. Levitt, Esq. A. Tudehope, Frederick V. Krug, M. B. Hope, Joseph Patterson, Esq. Wm. W. Phillips, D. D. Wm. S. Ridgely, M. D. Wm. Chester, D. D. James H. Fitzgerald, John J. White. A vacancy has occurred in the class of A. D. 1850, by the death of a layman, A. J. Miller. BOARD OF EDUCATION. 17 to » zr . — a ft P e f* — -3 *^ 3 3- "5 do n ft- 1 £• <= 2. - c-ina ^ P 3 &£* 3 -• oo 2. it & ? CO cs aw a » < <=- B-s. p p c- o" € gr o £ EE » 3 2 c-3 3 5 P. CD WMWWO ffl P j° (fc? W W wo - , p s: " H-3 < < =i < «-i on" © ~ m «— H3~ W Iw ~ 2 EL 2^ • * O * £ CO P ' ~ P =3 3 " 3 CO <*§ B 3 — »CC i— tO -J *J OD OS © Ol OS 05 CO © •-1 #» ^ o fS 5, co co 2 P cc ^ a • • 3 «< ^ co" P S a--" 1 ^. ' * P €£2 ►- -- cs o> © © © r* c © © © "x © © O to — © © OD o 3 6q 8- »-CD ft P o5'8 3" O CO 3 to £ 3 ca I <]1 ci w <■ g s S C3 3 -! 5. Resolved, That this whole subject he referred to the Board of Education, and that the Board is hereby authorized to expend whatever moneys are committed to them for that purpose, in aid of the establishment of Parochial and Presbyterial Schools. 6. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Board of Publication, to make inquiries on the subject of elementary school books, with a view of adapting them, as far as practicable, to a system of religious instruction, and that the Board report on this sub- ject to the next General Assembly. 20 APPENDIX. Extracts from the By-Laws of the Board of Education. The following extracts are published for the information of Presbyteries, and such as may be, or may desire to become candidates of the Board. The special attention of such is called to these rules, inasmuch as difficul- ties and delays, both in the reception and quarterly payments of candidates, sometimes occur through inatteniion to them. OF THE CO-OPERATION OF PRESBYTERIES. Art. 1. The Board attach great importance to the plan of Presbyterial co- operation, recommended by the General Assembly, for the reception and support of candidates. By this plan every candidate is required to put him- self under the care of a Presbytery before he can be taken up by the Board. He is to be examined either in open Presbytery, or by a Committee on Edu- cation, appointed for the purpose, on his personal and experimental piety, on his motives for seeking the holy office of the ministry, on his attachment to the standards of the Presbyterian Church, on his general habits, his pru- dence, his studies, his talents, his gifts for public speaking, on his disposition to struggle to maintain himself, and his willingness to observe the rules 01 the Board. Art. 2. If the examination be sustained, a detailed report shall be made to the Board, by the Stated Clerk, or the Chairman of the Education Committee of the Presbytery, of his name, age, residence, church membership, place of education, progress in his studies, need of aid, piety, promise, and whatever else may seem proper. Art. 3. The Board would respectfully say, that the recommendation of a young man is so solemn an event to himself, and involves so deeply the cha- racter and success of the cause of Education, that it should demand the most serious and deliberate consideration : and if the application be of doubtful expediency, it should be postponed till a full and satisfactory trial can be made of the candidate. OF CANDIDATES AND APPROPRIATIONS. The Board act upon the principle, that the Church, as a moral parent, is bound to make provision for the education of such of her sons as are called of God to the work of the ministry, and are in circumstances to require her aid. It is their deep conviction that the system of unqualified loan is inju- rious and unsafe. And yet on the other hand, there is clanger, without care, of weakening the important principle of self-support. The Board desire to rest this relation between the Church and her sons, on the ground of mutual obligation, avoiding alike the evils incident to both extremes. They, there* fore, resolve, Art. 1. That no written obligation shall be required of any candidate under their care, to refund the money which may be granted ; yet, at the option of the person receiving aid, the appropriation may be considered a loan. Art. 2. It is esteemed by the Board a moral obligation on those who are aided, if they in the providence of God become able, to return, without inte- rest, the sum received of the Board, that others in like circumstances with themselves may in turn be assisted. APPENDIX. 21 Art. 3. Each candidate shall be considered as always on probation. Art. 4. No youth shall in general be taken up who has not spent at least three months in the study of the classics, and given good evidence of his ca- pacity for the acquisition of knowledge. He must also be not less than four- teen years of age, and have been a member in regular and good standing in some Presbyterian church at least six months. Art. 5. If any young man wishes to avail himself of the aid of the Board, he should apply to his pastor, or some member of the Presbytery to which he would naturally belong, to be introduced to the Education Committee of Pres- bytery, or to the Presbytery itself, to be examined ; and if approved, to be taken under the care of the Presbytery as a candidate for the minislry, and by them to be duly recommended to the patronage of the Board of Educa- tion. (See By-laws, on the co-operation of Presbyteries, Art. 1 and 2.) Art. 6. Every candidate shall forward, or cause to be for\\*arded, quarterly, a report from his teacher, showing his standing for piety, talents, diligence, progress, prudence, economy, ccc, and no remittance shall be made to any, until such report be received. Art. 7. Every candidate shall submit himself to the pastoral care of the Corresponding Secretary of the Board, and of the Associate Secretary and General Agent. Art. 8. The maximum of annual appropriations shall not exceed one hun- dred dollars to theological students, and seventy-five dollars to all others. Art. 9. Candidates will be received under the care of the Board quarterly, on the first Thursday of February, May, August, and November; and all appropriations shall be made quarterly, at the same periods. No payments shall be made in advance. Art. 10. The tuition and boarding fees, of the Candidates shall always be first paid out of the appropriations of the Board, and the Board will, in no case, be responsible for debts of Candidates. Art. 11. As the appropriations of the Board necessarily fall short of the entire wants of the Candidates, so each of them will be expected to make all proper exertions in assisting to defray the expenses of his education. Art. 12. As a universal principle, the Board will refuse no applicant merely for want of funds. Art. 13. If, at any time, there be discovered in any Candidate such defect in capacity, temper, prudence, and especially in sincere piety, as would ren- der his introduction into the ministry doubtful, it shall be considered the sacred duty of the Board to withdraw their appropriations. Candidates shall also cease to receive the patronage of the Board, when their health shall become so bad as to unfit them for study, and for the work of the ministry; when they are manifestly improvident, and contract debts without reasonable prospects of payment; when they marry; when they become indolent; when they receive the patronage of any other Education Board, or Society, not connected with this; when they fail to make regular returns, or cease by a change of circumstances to need our aid. Art. 14. If any Candidate fail to enter on, or continue in the work of the minislry, unless he can make it appear that he is providentially prevented, or cease to adhere to the standards of the Presbyterian Church, or change his place of study, coatrary to the directions of the Executive Committee, or continue to prosecute his studies at an institution not approved by them, or withdraw his connexion from this Board, to put himself under the care of any other Education Board or Society, without furnishing a reason which 22 APPENDIX. shall be satisfactory to the Executive Committee, he shall refund, with inte- rest, all the money he may have received of this Board. Art. 15. The Periodicals of the Board shall be sent, gratis, to each Can- didate under its care. Art. 16. These rules shall be printed and placed in the hands of every Candidate, and his approval of them expressed in writing, at the time of his being received under the care of the Board, shall be taken and recorded, or put on file in the office. Art. 17. When any Candidate shall find it necessary to relinquish study for a time, to teach or otherwise increase the means of support, he shall first obtain the consent of the Executive Committee; and if he shall not be absent from study more than three or four months, his appropriations will be con- tinued, but if longer, they will be discontinued, or continued in part, accord- ing to circumstances.* Art. 18. When a young man leaves his place of study, and is not reported, or does not report himself during the year, his name shall be stricken from our roll of Candidates. OF AUXILIARIES. Art. 1. Those Synods and Presbyteries which prefer to retain their own organization, and control directly the education of their own candidates, may become auxiliary to the Board; and if they shall adopt these regulations, so far as they apply ; and pass all their moneys through the hands of the Board, they shall be entitled to claim aid for all the youth regularly received under their care, however much the appropriations necessary may exceed the con,' tributions of the said auxiliaries. Art. 2. If any auxiliary shall allow their candidates a larger amount of aid than the maximum fixed by these by-laws, the Board will, if desired, co-operate cordially, and to the utmost, in endeavouring to raise the sum needed within the bounds of the said auxiliary, but it shall not be lawful to appropriate funds for this purpose from the general treasury of the Board. Art. 3. Every Auxiliary will be expected to report annually a full account of all its proceedings, before the first of May. ■ * So many evils have arisen from students engaging in teaching for a few months, and attempting at the same time to retain their standing in their class, that the Execu- tive Committee have adopted the general rule, to require their Candidates invariably to re-enter the class, at the same point where they left it, so as to give them the opportu- nity of passing over the whole course of study, with all the advantages which the Insti- tution offers. This rule is regarded as highly important to the scholarship and stand- ing of the students. APPENDIX. 23 -^ .2 * = 3 -^ Z cS ■ ** «J 3- - o — c cd a. -T; g eo _o „ 5 a-oom a -s o M O J23 | a o n O ^j 0J V 5 m^ \* Id 2 '5 eg cd a id "5 9 >> 09 03 M P- -/> c o >< s 13 | s £-3s PS 03 9 B 1 i 3 J a o cc "03 c o .c Cm ed W — O a 03 3 o ffl >» a! p- o C d Ed 03 M cd -a 2 '— "3 .2 = 3 °« eg «J c .-. m 03 Cm o T3 Uh CO a> C ~, -3 ft* 2 oS O a. s 03 M 03 o "T3 -e JL a M4 E- 03 J3 Ed y, 03 c P. C3 "2 5 -3 CO 03 . 2 3 ■£ en -3 PJ < O Cm § o 03 ** 03 > o -= -C 2 w W J2 Em 'o 03 SB S - u PS P4 t« be o CO J= = 3 o ^0 c d. N |"1 H u >> i— I cd -CJ ^o -5 3 cd CJ 3 "id a, o O en o M o a. S3 c CO o 1 is Cm 03 O bjD o el g Pm co o be -p B -a • o Cm o Ed 'S cd a cd 03 -3 a CD < bo c ^3 o C3 -3 C 03 = 5 CO S S 03 CO o 03 >, a g e .a M 03 M i Cd CO T3 5*. t>> a J3 a CO ^> .fi £ 03 03 M c g 03 TO BE SIGNED BY THE APPLICANT FOR AID. Pledge. — Having solicited the patronage of the Board of Education in prosecuting a course of literary and theological studies, that my views and purposes may be fully understood, I subscribe the following declaration: viz. I hereby declare it to be my solemn purpose to devote my life to the Christian ministry; and having examined the Confession of Faith of the Presbyterian Church, I am free to avow that, as far as I under- stand it, it exhibits my views of the doctrines of the Word of God. I also approve of the Government and Discipline of the Presbyterian Church in theafj United States. In seek- ing the ministry, therefore, in the Presbyterian Church, I fully intend to pursue a tho- rough course of study preparatory to the study of Theology, and, when prepared, to pursue a three-years course of theological studies. And having examined the by-laws of the Board, I hereby signify my cordial approval of them, and promise to acquiesce in and attend to all their requisitions which have any reference to candidates. And should I faH, through my own fault, to enter the ministry; or cease to adhere to the standards of tjie Presbyterian Church; or should I, while under the care of the Board, change my ptyce of study, contrary to the directions of the Executive Committee; or continue to prosecute my studies at an institution not approved by them; or withdraw my connexion from the Church, of which this Board is the organ, without furnishing a reason which shall be satisfactory to them, I do hereby bind myself, in any of these cases, to refund, as soon as I am able, all monies I shall have received from the Board, with interest on the same. 24 APPENDIX. PS C Ph K Pi i* OS W PS < PS o 3 a s 5C o e t3 .a. &2 fa TS O 1' £ i ^3 •§ pq o a ft,-! o .5 ^>'m m r ! - CO - ~ a P B a I --a o EL i J S"«3 .5 . (i, BOARD OF EDUCATION'. OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Alexander Henry, President. Ashbel Green, D.D. } Matthew L. Bevan, V Vice-Presidents. Thomas Bradford, Esq. ) C. Van Rensselaer, D.D., Corresponding Secretary. Wm. Chester, D.D., Jlsso. Sec'y and Gen. Agent. Wm. M. Atkinson, D.D., Ag'tfor the South £ S. West. R. Soutter, Jr., Recording Secretary. Joseph B. Mitchell, Treasurer. The Board meet on the first Thursday of every mojnth at 4 o'clock, P. M. The Executive Committee meet weekly on Thursday, at 3§ o'clock, P. M. The Board is established upon the principle that the Church is bound to make provision for the education «f such of her sons as are called of God to the work of the ministry, and are in circumstances to require her aid. "Go ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." " Pray ye the Lord of the harvest that he would send forth labourers into his har- vest." " If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work." " The same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to teach others also." " And the twelve were with Him ; and certain women *** ministered unto Him of their substance." "How shall they preach except they be sent?" "As long as heliveth, he shall be lent unto the Lord." "For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble are called." " Distributing to the necessities of saints." Whole number of Candidates, 1663 Number on the roll, (1S46-7) 403 Amount received from the churches (1S46-7) $35,627.14 In regard to the character of those introduced into the sacred ministry, through the agency of the Board, it deserves to be mentioned that they are filling some of the most commanding positions in our Church, and that they have furnished a large . proportion both of our Foreign and Domestic Missionaries. The Board has steadily carried out its determination to raise the standard of requirement, both as to talents and piety, so as to present to the churches for their support only such as may be relied upon as worthy of full confidence. '$k ■w md^ Three things are essential to the successful operations of this Board; viz. the prayers of God's people — their pecuniary con- tributions — and the dedication and training up of their children for the service of Christ and His church. 1. Prayer for the increase of Gospel ministers is a command of the divine Redeemer. The Church cannot expect that the great work of training up heralds of salvation can ever be suc- cessful, without the influences of the Holy Spirit, sent down in answer to prayer. " Pray ye the Lord of the harvest that he would send forth labourers into his harvest." 2. The 'pecuniary contributions of the churches are neces- sary for the education and support of the indigent, during their course of preparation for the ministry. Let all our members (according to their ability) in all our churches do something for this cause, from love to Jesus, who "for our sakes became poor," and who hath given to us " the ministry of reconcilia- tion." •' 3. Above all, the dedication and training up of children for the service of the Christian ministry, with an humble reli- ance on the Spirit and Providence of God, is an offering of faith and love, which God has often blessed to the increase and glory of his chfirch. Samuel was "given unto the Lord all the days of his life" by Hannah; and the faith of Timothy "dwelt first in his grandmother Lois and his mother Eunice." The same history belongs to Augustin, Doddridge, Mills, Payson, and multitudes of God's faithful servants. May this self-sacri- ficing, and blessed spirit of consecration be kindled in the hearts of many throughout the Church! The last command of Christ, enclosing a commission wide as the world and lasting as the race, selects and ew')o'ms preach- ing as the divine method of making known salvation to men. It is, therefore, the duty of the Church, first to furnish, then to train, and lastly to send forth her ministering sons. The Church is the mother of the ministers of Christ. They are born in Zion, and must be trained under her tutelary care, or the world will never have the gospel preached to it. Our Foreign and Domestic Missionary Boards, and indeed almost all the benevolent enterprises of the age, call for more men. The responsibility involved in the regeneration of the world fixes itself in all its magnitude upon the primary busi- ness of furnishing and training ministers of the gospel. And this most important and vital work is precisely the one in which the Board of Education is engaged, under the superin- tendence and sanction of the General Assembly. mm WW'. WW; 4n CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE PISES® YraiBIEA] r^3_crTX ;ww , , , . . . . id • WW oTft) cV 5 IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ^ / <7V&(t¥€> mi JOE PHILADELPHIA.- PUBLISHED BY THE BOARD. WILLIAM S. MARTIEN, PRINTER. 1842. '*LJj'r :WW 1® -.: ; ;l") CONSTITUTIOxN AND BY-LAWS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. As enacted by the General Assembly, A. D. 1819, and subsequently amended. Article I. There shall be a General Board of Education, known by the name of" The Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America." Art. II. The Board shall consist of sixty-seven members, elected by the General Assembly, of whom thirty-two shall be ministers, and thirty-five other male communicating members of the Presbyterian Church ; one minister and one layman to be chosen from each Synod, and the remainder from Philadelphia, and from a distance convenient to it, together with such vice-presidents as the Board may appoint. Five members including the president or a vice-president, shall be a quorum to transact business. Art. III. The whole number of members shall be divided into four classes, one-fourth to be annually elected. Art. IV. The election of the members of the Board shall be made by nomination and ballot, by the General Assembly. Art. V. The officers of the Board, to be annually appointed by the Board, shall be a President, a Recording Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary, General Agent, a Treasurer, and so many Vice-presidents as the Board may deem it expedient to appoint. Art VI. The objects of the Board shall be — 1. To recognize such Presbyteries and other associations as may form themselves into Education Societies, auxiliary to the General Board. 2. To assist such Presbyteries and Associations in educating pious youth for the Gospel ministry, both in their academical and theological course. 3. To assign, according to their best discretion to the several Aux- CONSTITUTION. iliary Societies, a just portion of the whole disposable funds under their control. 4. To concert and execute such measures as they shall judge to be proper for increasing their funds, and promoting the general object. Art. VII. No young man shall be patronized or assisted by an Aux- iliary Society, unless he shall produce a testimonial of his hopeful piety and talents from some Presbytery, under whose care he shall be taken.* Art. VIII. Auxiliary Societies may make such arrangements and se- lection of a Seminary for the young men under their patronage, as, in their opinion, shall be most eligible for the prosecuting of their educa- tion, whether classical or theological. Art. IX. The Auxiliary Societies shall send to the Board all the sur- plus funds in their hands, which shall not be necessary for the accom- modation of those immediately depending on them for support. Art. X. Every Auxiliary Society shall forward, annually, a report of their proceedings to the Board, sufficiently early to enable the Board (whose duty it shall be) to report to the General Assembly. Art. XI. The Board shall have power to make such by-laws, to regu- late their own proceedings, and effectually to accomplish the great ob- jects of their appointment, as shall not be inconsistent with this consti- tution. Art. XII. The Board may propose to the General Assembly, from time to time, such plans, as they may consider useful and necessary for the success of the institution, to be recommended to the several So- cieties or Churches, as the Assembly may think proper. Art. XIII. No addition or amendment to the provisions of this Con- stitution shall be made, unless by consent of two-thirds of the members of the General Assembly, present at any of their sessions, of which notice shall be given at least one day previous. Art. XIV. [By the General Assembly of 1823]— "Resolved, That all the Presbyteries under the care of this Assembly be, and they hereby are required, as soon as possible after their several sessions, immedi- ately preceding the meeting of the General Assembly, to send up to the Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Education, under the care of the General Assembly, a report stating what moneys they have collect- ed for the education of poor and pious youth within their bounds, and what candidates or students they have on their charitable funds." Art. XV. " Resolved, That when any Presbytery has no beneficiary on their funds, they be, and they hereby are required to remit their funds to the treasurer of the said Board of Education, that the same may be appropriated according to the constitution of the Board." Art. XVI. " Resolved, That the Board of Education be and they here- by are required to report annually a summary of what has been done in the business of education by the Presbyteries, as well as the Auxili- ary Societies ; and that hereafter the Assembly will act on the Report of the Board of Education, and not require the Presbyteries to report immediately to the Assembly. Resolved, That the Assembly will every * If he be connected with a Presbytery— otherwise, it is of course, not required. ! J CONSTITUTION. 3 year inquire whether the Presbyteries have reported on this subject to the Board of Education." Act. XVII. [By the General Assembly of 1824] " Resolved,That the Board of Education be, and hereby are authorized to select and educate such young men as are contemplated by the Constitution of that Board." Art. XVIII. [By the General Assembly of 1825] " Resolved, That the Board of Education may appoint any person whom they may deem suitable, to be their treasurer, to continue in office during their pleasure ; and that he shall be ex officio, a member of said Board." Art. XIX. [By the General Assembly of 1841 J "-Resolved, That the Assembly approve of the charter obtained by the Board, and order that, in accordance with the terms of the charter, it shall hereafter be known by the name of "The Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America." Art. XX. The Assembly would also provide, in accordance with the requirements of the aforesaid charter, that at the annual meeting of the Board of Education in the year 1842, on the day when the Board meets to re-organize and elect its officers, they shall proceed to elect, by ballot, three persons in the room of the three first named of the Trustees of the Board of Education, incorporated by the aforesaid charter. On the day of the annual meeting in 1843, they shall proceed in like manner to elect three persons in the room of the second three Trustees named in the charter aforesaid : and on the day of the annual meeting of the Board of Education in 1844, they shall elect in the same manner, three per- sons in the room of the three remaining Trustees of the aforesaid Board; and thenceforward annually electing three persons in the room of that class which has served three years ; provided always, that the same persons shall be re-eligible. Art. XXI. The Board of Education may also, at any of its regular meetings, elect persons to fill vacancies occurring by death, resignation, or otherwise. ( 4 ) BY-LAWS. CHAPTER I. OF THE BOARD. Art. 1. It shall be the duty of the Board to endeavour, by all proper means, to promote the great object for which it was organized, viz. to raise up and educate for the service of the Church and the conversion of the world, young men of the right spirit, and in adequate numbers. Art. 2. The Board shall meet annually, within seven days after its election, at the call of the Executive Committee of the former year, to constitute, appoint its officers, &c. for the ensuing year. Stated meet- ings of the Board shall be held monthly, on the first Thursday of each month for the transaction of business. Special meetings, also, may be called by the executive committee or the President of (he Board. Art. 3. A majority shall be sufficient to decide ordinary questions, but two-thirds of the members present shall be necessary to alter any of these rules. Art. 4. The Board shall, during the sessions of the General Assem- bly, hold its anniversary meeting, at which the report of its proceedings, during the previous year, shall be read, and be followed by such other public exercises as may seem proper to the Executive Committee. CHAPTER II. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Art. 1. At the first meeting of each year, the Board shall elect by ballot a committee of ten, to be called the Executive Committee, to whom, in an especial manner, shall be committed the management of the business of the Board. The Corresponding Secretary and Treasu- rer shall be, ex officio, members of the Committee. Art. 2. The Executive Committee shall appoint its own officers, and make its own by-laws, and shall be authorized to do whatever may be necessary and proper for promoting the interests of the great cause, without violation of the Constitution and rules of the Board. Art. 3. The Executive Committee shall keep a fair record of all its proceedings, and report monthly, or oftener if required, for the revision and approval of the Board. CHAPTER III. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY AND GENERAL AGENT. Art. 1. The Corresponding Secretary and General Agent shall be appointed by the Board. Art. 2. It shall be their duty to endeavour, by all proper means, to call forth and train suitable young men for the work of the ministry. To this end, they shall devote themselves exclusively to the promotion BY-LAWS. 5 of the interests of the education cause in its various departments. They shall visit, and endeavour to rouse the Churches on this subject; and especially to secure the co-operation of the Presbyteries, according to the principles adopted by the Board, and approved and recommended by the General Assembly. Art. 3. It shall be the duty of the Corresponding Secretary to take charge of the Office, conduct the correspondence, and superintend the publications of the Board. He shall prepare all the regular business for the meetings of the Board, and of the Executive Committee, and shall always be considered as their official organ. Art. 4. He shall exercise a pastoral care over all the Candidates of the Board : he shall frequently visit them, and shall correspond with them and their teachers as often as circumstances may require ; and shall, in all his intercourse with them, seek to impress their minds with the greatness and responsibility of the office to which they aspire, and with a sense of the necessity of Divine assistance, and of supreme de- votion of themselves to the service of the Saviour in it. Art. 5. He shall keep a register of the students, including their names, ages, residence, &c. &c, and open, and keep with each one, a regular account, and remit to each their respective appropriations. Art. 6. He shall report regularly to the Executive Committee and to the Board, an account of his proceedings, and shall be subject to such constitutional instructions as he may from time to time receive from them. Art. 7. He shall keep a regular account of all moneys subscribed and received, with the names of the individuals or auxiliaries from whom they come, supported by proper vouchers. Art. 8. Such assistance shall be afforded to the Corresponding Se- cretary in his office and work, as may be deemed necessary. All as- sistants under the Corresponding Secretary, shall be subject to the above rules, so far as they apply. Art. 9. It shall be the duty of the General Agent to take charge of the entire agency of the Board, under the direction of the Executive Committee ; and to see that every portion of the Church, as far as prac- ticable, is brought up to the discharge of their duty to the cause. CHAPTER IV. OF THE TREASURER. Art. 1. The Treasurer shall be elected at the pleasure of the Board. Art. 2. He shall give bonds for the proper discharge of the duties of his office. Art. 3. He shall receive and faithfully keep, subject to order, all the moneys of the Board. Art. 4. He shall pay all orders signed by the Chairman of the Exec- utive Committee, and by the acting Secretary of the same. Art. 5. The Treasurer shall also take charge of all other donations intended for the use of the Candidates. BY-LAWS. CHAPTER V. OF THE COOPERATION OF PRESBYTERIES. Art. 1. The Board attach great importance to the plan of Presbyte- rial cooperation, recommended by the General Assembly, for the reception and support of candidates. By this plan every candidate is required to put himself under the care of a Presbytery before he can be taken up by the Board. He is to be examined either in open Presby- tery, or by a Committee on Education, appointed for the purpose, on his personal and experimental piety, on his motives for seeking the holy office of the ministry, on his attachment to the standards of the Presbyterian Church, on his general habits, his prudence, his studies, his talents, his gifts for public speaking, on his disposition to struggle to maintain himself, and his willingness to observe the rules of the Board. Art. 2. If the examination be sustained, a detailed report shall be made to the Board, by the stated clerk, or the chairman of the education committee of the Presbytery, of his name, age, residence, church-mem- bership, place of education, progress in his studies, need of aid, piety, promise, and whatever else may seem proper. Art. 3. The Board would respectfully say, that the recommendation of a young man is so solemn an event to himself, and involves so deeply the character and success of the cause of Education, that it should demand the most serious and deliberate consideration: and if the application be of doubtful expediency, it should be postponed, till a full and satisfactory trial can be made of the candidate. CHAPTER VI. OF CANDIDATES AND APPROPRIATIONS. The Board act upon the principle that the Church, as a moral parent, is bound to make provision for the education of such of her sons, as are called of God to the work of the ministry, and are in circumstances to require her aid. It is their deep conviction that the system of unquali- fied loans is injurious and unsafe. And yet, on the other hand, there is danger without care, of weakening the important principle of self- support. The Board desire to rest this relation between the Church and her sons, on the ground of mutual obligation, avoiding alike the evils incident to both extremes. They, therefore, resolve, Art. 1. That no written obligation shall be required of any candidate under their care, to refund the money which may be granted : yet, at the option of the person receiving aid, the appropriation may be consid- ered a loan. Art. 2. It is esteemed by the Board a moral obligation on those who are aided, if they, in the providence of God, become able, to return, BY-LAWS. 7 without interest, the sum received of the Board, that others in like cir- cumstances with themselves, may in turn be assisted. Art. 3. Each candidate shall be considered as always on probation. Art. 4. No youth shall, in general, be taken up who has not spent at least three months in the study of the classics, and given good evidence of his capacity for the acquisition of knowledge. He must also be not less than fourteen years of age, and have been a member in regular and good standing in some Presbyterian Church at least six months. Art. 5. If any young man wishes to avail himself of the aid of the Board, he should apply to his pastor, or some member of the Pres- bytery to which he would naturally belong, to be introduced to the Education Committee of Presbytery, or to the Presbytery itself, to be examined, and if approved, to be taken under the care of the Presby- tery as a candidate for the ministry, and by them to be duly recom- mended to the patronage of the Board of Education. (See By-laws, on the co-operation of Presbyteries, Art. 1 and 2.) Art. 6. Every candidate shall forward, or cause to be forwarded, quarterly, a report from his teacher, showing his standing for piety, talents, diligence, progress, prudence, economy, &c, and no remittance shall be made to any, until such report be received. Art. 7. Every candidate shall submit himself to the pastoral care of the Corresponding Secretary of the Board. Art. 8. The maximum of annual appropriations shall not exceed one hundred dollars to theological students, and seventy-five dollars to all others. Art. 9. Candidates will be received under the care of the Board, quarterly, on the first Thursday of February, May, August, and No- vember ; and all appropriations shall be made quarterly, at the same periods. No payments shall be made in advance. Art. 10. The tuition and boarding fees of the candidate shall always be first paid out of the appropriations of the Board, and the Board will, in no case, be responsible for debts of candidates. Art. 11. As the Appropriations of the Board necessarily fall short of the entire wants of the candidates, so each of them will be expected to make all proper exertions in assisting to defray the expenses of his education. Art. 12. When any candidate shall find it necessary to relinquish study for a time to teach or otherwise increase the means of support, he shall first obtain the consent of the Executive Committee; and if he shall not be absent from study more than three or four months, his ap- propriations will be continued ; but if longer, they will be discontinued, or continued in part, according to circumstances. Art. 13. As a universal principle, the Board will refuse no applicant merely for want of funds. Art. 14. If, at any time, there be discovered in any candidate such defect in capacity, temper, prudence, and especially in sincere piety, as would render his introduction into the ministry doubtful, it shall be con- sidered the sacred duty of the Board to withdraw their appropriations. Candidates shall also cease to receive the patronage of the Board, BY-LAWS. when their health shall become so bad as to unfit them for study, and for the work of the Ministry ; when they are manifestly improvident, and contract debts without reasonable prospect of payment; when they marry; when they become indolent; when they receive the patronage of any other Education Board, or Society, not connected with this ; when they fail to make regular returns, or cease by a change of circum- stances, to need our aid. Art. 15. If any candidate fail to enter on, or continue in the work of the Ministry, unless he can make it appear that he is providentially prevented, or cease to adhere to the Standards of the Presbyterian Church, Or change his place of study, contrary to the directions of the Executive Committee, or continue to prosecute his studies at an insti- tution not approved by them, or withdraw his connexion from this Board, to put himself under the care of any other Education Board or Society, without furnishing a reason which shall be satisfactory to the Executive Committee, he shall refund, with interest, all the money he may have received of this Board. Art. 16. Candidates are not allowed to abridge their course of study but by consent first obtained. Art. 17. When a young man leaves his place of study, and is not reported, or does not report himself during the year, his name shall be stricken from our roll of candidates. Art. 18. The Periodicals of the Board shall be sent, gratis, to each candidate under its care; and also a copy of the Confession of Faith. Art. 19. These rules shall be printed and placed in the hands of every candidate ; and his approval of them expressed in writing, at the time of his being received under the care of the Board, shall be taken and recorded, or put on the file in the office. CHAPTER VII. OF AUXILIARIES. Art. 1. Those Synods and Presbyteries which prefer to retain their own organization, and control directly the education of their own can- didates, may become auxiliary to the Board; and if they shall adopt these regulations, so far as they apply, and pass all their monies through the hands of the Board, they shall be entitled to claim aid for all the youth regularly received under their care, however much the appropriations necessary may exceed the contributions of the said auxiliaries. Art. 2. If any auxiliary shall allow their beneficiaries a larger amount of aid, than the maximum fixed by these by-laws, the Board will, if desired, co-operate cordially, and to the utmost, in endeavoring to raise the sum needed within the bounds of the said auxiliary, but it shall not be lawful to appropriate funds for this purpose, from the general trea- sury of the Board. Art. 3. Every auxiliary will be expected to report annually a full account of all its proceedings, before the first of May. KG PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. REPORT OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OP THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. PRESENTED TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, MAY 1847, CONTENTS. PAGE Introduction 1. The common-school system grew up under circumstances different from those now existing 3 2. The increasing tendency to abandon the State plan 4 3. Religious schools remind us of our good old ways 4 I. Connexion between parochial schools and common elementary education. 5 1. The cause of education will be advanced by the influence of panchial schools on teachers 5 2. By the principles and stability of the government of parochial schools. 6 3. By the system of instruction 6 4. By the supervision of parochial schools 7 5. By extending the advantages of education to greater numbers 8 II. Connexion between parochial school? and religion 9 1. Youth is the forming season of life 9 2. The influence of a day-school too great to be lost to religion 10 3. The doctrines of grace must be taught 11 4. Parental and pastoral fidelity will be stimulated 12 5. Conversions to God most numerous in the class of youth religiously educated 12 III. Connexion between parochial schools and ministerial training 13 1. Our future ministers would be better educated under the Church plan. 14 2. The number of ministers would be increased 14 3. The Church system a security against failures 15 4. And in all respects more satisfactory 15 IV. Connexion between parochial schools and the prosperity of the Presbyterian Church 16 All that has been sa-d proves this connexion.. 16 The reflex influence of a good cause • 16 Increased power for good in the Church, where Christian education is attended to 17 The instruction in our Church history, given in parochial schools, would exert a beneficial influence over the minds of our youth 17 Our youth would be more firmly attached to their Church, and be less often led astray 18 Recommendations to the General Assembly 19 1. Their sanction of a system of Christian education by means of pri- mary Church schools and Presbyterial academies 20 Practical suggestions on a few points, salaries, teachers, &c. . . 20 2. The discussion of the subject in Presbyteries and Synods 25 3. The procuring of statistical information 25 4. The timely preparation of suitable school books. 25 5. The granting of aid to feeble churches by a school extension fund to be managed by the Board of Education 25 Appendix. — Officers of the Board, notices, &c Action of the General Assembly 27 Action of the Board of Education Remarks on the Rules Circular to ministers and elders 30 Circular to Presbyteries 31 Sustain the Schuol-eatension enterprise ! 32 REPORT OF THE BOARD 0.F EDUCATIO OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Ju the United States of America ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. PRESENTED TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, MAY 1S47. 'Train up a child in the way he should go; and when he is old he will not depart from it ' ' Render unto Caesar the thing3 that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's.' 1 Bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord." PHILADELPHIA: PUBLISHED BY THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. WILLIAM S. MARTIEN, PRINTER. 1847. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. Alexander Henry, President. Matthew L. Bevan, ") John McDowell, D.D. y Vice-Presidents. Thomas Bradford, Esq. J C. Van Rensselaer, D.D., Corresponding Secretary. Wm. Chester, D.D., Asso. Secretary and General Agent. W. M. Atkinson, D.D., Agent for the South and South-West. R. Soutter, Jr., Recording Secretary. Joseph B. Mitchell, Treasurer. Frederick V. Krug, ) . ,., James N. Dickson? \ 4** r * The Board meet on the first Thursday of every month, at 4 o'clock, P.M. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Matthew L. Bevan, Chairman. James N. Dickson, Joseph H. Jones, D.D. Matthew Newkirk, Alexander Macklin, James Dunlap, A. Tudehope, Thomas Bradford, Esq. ' William Chester, D.D. R. Soutter, Jr. C. Van Rensselaer, D.D., ex off. Alexander Symington, J. B. Mitchell, ex off. The Executive Committee meet every Thursday, at 3^ o'clock, P. M. Letters and Communications for the BOARD OF EDUCATION on the subject of Parochial Schools, and remittances of money by mail for the support of teachers in feeble schools and academies, may be addressed to the Rev. C. Van Rensselaer, D. D., Corresponding Secretary, No. 25 Sansom Street, Philadelphia. Addresses or Sermons on the subject of Education ; Reports of State superintendents, of committees or of trustees of schools, academies, and col- leges ; Catalogues of literary, scientific, or theological institutions; or any Documents bearing on this general subject, will be thankfully received at the Education Rooms of the Presbyterian Church, No. 25 Sansom Street, Phila- delphia. A suitable acknowledgment will be made, as far as possible, of all such favours. EEPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. The General Assembly of 1S46 referred the subject of parochial schools to the " Board of Education" by the following resolution : Resolved, That the whole subject be referred to the Board of Education; that they may from time to time report to the General Assembly any further action which may be needed for extending through our churches a system of parochial schools. The object of the Assembly was to secure the oversight of this important matter, during the interval of their meeting, in some body responsible to their authority, in order that definite action might be recommended to the consideration of the succeeding Assembly. Be- fore proceeding to suggest the action which appears suited to the present position of the Presbyterian Church, the Board feel called upon to attempt to illustrate in their first Report some of the princi- ples involved in this great and important subject. Religious instruction at home — which is the basis of all good train- ing — can never render unnecessary or unimportant, religious instruc- tion in schools. The constitution of society demands some system of public education. It is therefore an inquiry of great interest whether that system shall be under the direction of the Church or of the State. The range of discussion would be comparatively limited, on either of two suppositions. If in the first place there existed between the Church and the State a cordial and harmonious union, unbroken by sectarian divisions, public education mght be conducted on religious principles without much hazard from political interrup- tion. Or if in the second place an education had reference merely to the intellectual powers, the general supervision of the work might for special reasons be surrendered to the Government without serious disadvantage. Neither of these suppositions, however, can be ad- mitted as elements in the solution of the present problem. In our country, the State repudiates with increasing jealousy all connexion with the Church; whilst the latter is evidently becoming more and more impressed with the necessity of acting upon the principle that religious as well as intellectual training is one of the prim ary aims of Christian education. The common school system, which is now so popular in some quarters, grew up in New England under circumstances very differ ent from those which now exist. It had its origin at a period when there was a strong affinity between the Church and the State, and when the people were almost unanimously of one religious creed. Then religion was extensively taught in those schools. The system of the Pilgrims was essentially a parochial system. The Bible and 4 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. the Shorter Catechism were common-school books; and they are still so used in many parts of New England, although not generally in the thorough manner of the olden time. Within the last thirty or forty years, however, the growth of other churches and of congre- gations of errorists has conspired with other causes to banish more or less extensively the essential doctrines of Christianity from the schools of New England. The same general history characterizes to a considerable degree the public institutions of New York. Other States have more recently and at different intervals organized a sys- tem of public education on principles of state policy, equally latitu- dinarian and hostile to true religion. The general tendency of things in this country is unquestionably to dishonour the religious element in the system of education under the patronage of the State. This sufficiently accounts for the growing dissatisfaction of Christians, in all parts of the country, with the whole plan of political supervision. A general system of education that shall be a Christian system appears to be a State impracticability. The increasing abandonment of the State plan by various sects of Christians affords a proper occasion for the Presbyterian Church to re-consider her position in regard to the work of Education. The Papists with that church-worldly wisdom which is so pre-eminently theirs, have adopted the plan of educating their own children — and ours too, as far as they can. I Their institutions of learning have all the efficiency of an independent religious organization. Papal col- leges, seminaries, and Church schools of every kind are in active operation all over the country and especially at the west. ' If we would save the lambs of our flock from the St. Mary Christianity of the Man of Sin, our schools must engage our efforts and our prayers. The Episcopalians, with characteristic zeal, are also establishing large and small institutions on a denominational basis. Many of their churches have parochial schools, while Presbyterians scarcely know the meaning of the word. The Methodists, in addition to several denominational colleges, have academies in all their Conferences, and are in this respect setting an example of well-manned, popular Church institutions. Whilst other denominations are more and more de- fining their position in favour of Christian education under their own supervision, Presbyterians are reminded of their obligations to de- velope the resources of their own Church in this great cause. Our denomination, in re-modelling its school system on the pro- posed basis, would be only returning to the good old ivays of its former history. Presbyterian schools, in other times, were religious schools. Religion was much more extensively taught in them than it now is even in what are called "select schools." The education of the country was once in a great degree under our own care; or at least we had the care of our own children. But the encroachments of a false liberality have so far banished Presbyterian and evangeli- cal influence, that the education of our children is now mixed up with the politics of the State and knows nothing of the religion of REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 5 the Church. It has become so fashionable to be liberal that even " select schools" often dispense with evangelical truth in order to please all Christian denominations! It is high time for the Presby- terian Church to fall back upon her glorious old landmarks; and what we cannot now do for all, we must endeavour to do for our- selves in the matter of thorough Christian education. But what is meant by a parochial school? The term is imported from abroad ; and ought to have come in duty-free, instead of being subjected to the heavy State tax which now almost amounts to pro- hibition. The idea of a parochial* or primary Church school would with us embrace in general the following particulars: 1. A school under the care of the Session of a Church; 2. Designed for children, say from five to ten or twelve years of age; 3. In which the usual branches of a sound elementary education are taught; 4. With the addition of daily religious instruction from the Bible; 5. Under the superintendence of a Christian teacher. The probability is that most of the teachers would be females, especially in the country schools. In addition to these primary schools, others of a higher order might be needed to supply the wants of some congregations. The completion of the system would demand academies under the care of Presbyteries, and colleges under the care of one or more Synods. Having made these preliminary observations, the Board will pro- ceed to point out the importance of this system of education in various aspects. 1. COMMON ELEMENTARY EDUCATION. It is proposed in the first place to exhibit the connexion between PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS AND COMMON ELEMENTARY EDUCATION. 1. The system of Church schools would operate in favour of sound education by its influence on teachers. To obtain well-qualified teachers in sufficient numbers is the great difficulty of any system of common-school instruction. One of the great advantages of the Church system is, that it will dignify the calling and raise the quali- fications of teachers as well as, in all probability, increase their num- ber. The office of teacher has lost much of its high honour by hav- ing been divested of its religious functions by State schools. The elevating inspirations of religion have ceased to a large extent to exert their appropriate power; and this great vocation — second only to that of pastor in the wide range of usefulness — has been left too much to the stimulus of merely worldly motives. If restored by the command of the Church to its native elevation as a religious office, there is every reason to believe that our churches would soon supply competent teachers for our schools. At first, some difficulty might * The term " parochial" has no proper use in this country. It occurs in the present Report, simply because popular usage has so far sanctioned it of late, as to connect it with the system under discussion. 6 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. be experienced, but probably less than our fears. There are pious females in many of our congregations who would be willing to com- mence at once, under the sanction of Church authority. An immense amount of available capacity is now lying dormant and undeveloped in Zion. Our Church members, under the influence of religious motives, would undertake what otherwise would never enter their thoughts. There is a principle of political economy which has ap- plication in the affairs of the Church, and that is that the supply will always equal the demand. Let the Church by the system of education she shall adopt, create a demand for religious teachers, and the Providence and grace of God will furnish the supply. Teachers as a class — for there are always illustrious exceptions — will never be what they ought to be in character and influence, and what they might be in numbers, until Church education shall purify the vocation with its holy tendencies and aims. 2. Parochial schools will advance sound education by the princi- ples and stability of their government. A day-school, like a com- munity, cannot be effectually governed without the principles of the Bible. The motives and sanctions of religion have a healthful and necessary influence in the government of boys and schools, as well as of men and States. Parochial schools, by taking the word of God for their guide, would occupy pre-eminently the vantage ground over the more worldly discipline of State institutions. There is moreover a tendency in the public mind to errors on the subject of education, such as the banishment of the rod as a " barbarity," the frequent change of teachers and books, and other ultraisms and evils which Old-school Presbyterianism would effectually check within its lawful and awful range. Without discussing this point any further, it is believed that the cause of education would be greatly advanced by the better principles and surer stability in the government of Church schools. 3. The system of instruction taught in parochial schools will pro- mote the cause of sound education. The text-books, as far as mere in- tellectual training is concerned, would beat least as good in all respects as those now in use. And they would be better in consequence of the introduction of the religious element. A great deal of the mental training of young children can be done by religious exercises. Pro- bably our Board of Publication would present another evidence of its vast utility to the Church by supplying some deficiencies in the department of elementary school-books. It is certain that works of no iuferior merit or doubtful character would be admitted by our Church judicatories. In addition to the use of the best text books on every topic of human learning, the Bible, which is " the boys' and girls' own book" would have a prominent place in the daily instructions of the school. Instead of being merely read by the teacher for a few minutes as if to preserve the external appearance of some remaining Christianity, it would be studied by the scholars. Its verses would be committed to memory; its history thoroughly REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. understood; and its great principles brought into prominent view. The influence of the study of the Bible on the mind, as well as on the heart, can never be too highly appreciated. It is a book of the most stirring thoughts, and kindling revelations, and wakeful memo- ries. Creation, History, Geography, Providence, Biography, Re- demption, Immortality, embrace its wonders of fact, doctrine and duty, which children love to read, and cannot read without thought, and inquiry. The Bible is the very best text book the world affords for the mental developments of a daily school. A distinguished writer says: " we shall dwarf the intellect and the conscience of our children, if we let uninspired men take hold upon their youthful ima- gination before patriarchs, prophets, apostles, and martyrs have won their youthful hearts. A better man than Abraham, even could you find one, would not be so sublime to your boys as the ' friend of God,' the companion of angels, and the father of Isaac. A wiser man than Daniel, even could you find one, would be no Belteshazzar to your sons and daughters, unless he had been in the lion's den at Babylon. It is God's men who make boys feel what a man should be." " Tell them by all means every thing worth knowing they can bear to hear; but be sure of this that you can interest them in no- thing so much as I? * * in the Bible. You can make them talkers by the little things of simplified science; but you can best make them thinkers by the great things of revelation." 4. The supervision of parochial schools guarantees their promo- tion of the general interests of education. The direction of our schools would be religious instead of political, under the Church instead of the State. And this is the true plan. Religion and Edu- cation are natural allies. The guardians of Christianity are ex officio the guardians of education. From the time of the Reformation, Presbyterian ministers have been foremost in prosecuting the great work of public instruction. The following is the testimony of the historian, Bancroft, now representing our country abroad: "We boast of our common schools. Calvin was the father of popular education, the inventor of the system of free schools." Calvin and Knox and the other great men of that illustrious day laid the founda- tion of a public system of religious education. To a greater or less extent, such a system prevailed in Switzerland, Scotland, France, Holland, and wherever the Reformation wrought its mighty changes. The earlier history of this country also illustrates the natural de- pendence of education upon religion. The schools and colleges of New England are the memorials of the Pilgrim fathers — too much now alas ! like their very grave-stones to remind us of the piety that once was. Our own Presbyterian institutions are indissolubly con- nected with the names of the Tennents, Blair, Davies, Finley, Gra- ham, Witherspoon, and the Smiths. The ministers, elders and mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church are the very men, in the Providence of God, to manage the education of their own children. Their ancient history proves it ; and it is time for them to re-introduce the S REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. principles of thorough Christian education in their own schools as well as in their families and their churches. 5. The cause of education would be advanced through parochial schools by extending its advantages to greater numbers. In a few States, it is admitted that education is well nigh universal; but in the vast majority of the States, where the Presbyterian Church is located, it is comparatively limited. There cannot be a doubt, we think, that if every Presbyterian church had a school, the number of educated Presbyterian children would be vastly increased. And so of every other denomination. The cause of education is itself popular' in this country; and if left to the churches, the same zeal which collects congregations in the new settlements would plant the school-house by the side of the meeting-house. In the present pos- ture of affairs, the Church has almost lost her knowledge of the art, as well as of the duty, of education. She has been so little used to this service of late, that, like the warrior whose rusty sword clings to the scabbard, she can scarcely equip herself befittingly in her ancient and terrible armour. The education that already exists in this country is in fact in- debted, with few exceptions, to the religious principle of the com- munity more than to any other cause. Yet this principle is checked and restrained and circumvented in every possible way by the gene- rality of State institutions. Now we maintain that if the religious principle had free scope on the subject of education, had the re- sponsibility of training the mind as well as the heart, it would adapt its resources to this great work with a zeal and power that would advance simultaneously religion and education. In addition to the increased number of scholars in parochial or primary schools, there would be an increased number in academies and colleges, to which institutions many talented, and promising youth are now not encouraged to aspire, simply because the Church knows little and cares little for her children. On the proposed plan, ail the youth would be brought into close contact with the officers of the Church. Our ministers and elders would see that promising young men were sent up to Presbyterial academies and to colleges, to unfold their mental worth for the use of the Church and of the State. The want of means to obtain a higher education would be no impediment; for they would be gratuitously and gratefully fur- nished. If the Presbyterian Church had a complete system of Christian education consisting of schools, academies, and colleges, under the care of Sessions, Presbyteries, and Synods, it is believed that more of her youth would be educated, that they would be more thoroughly educated, and educated on a higher scale, than on the present plan of State dependency. The Board have been the more particular in illustrating the influence of parochial schools on sound intellectual education, on account of the misapprehension sometimes entertained in regard to the true aim of the parochial system. Whilst the State plan educates REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. the mind without educating the heart, the plan under consideration, does not fall into the opposite extreme, but aims at educating the mind and the heart, the soul with all its powers. II. RELIGIOUS EDUCATION. Let us now turn to consider the connexion between the paro- chial SCHOOL SYSTEM AND THE CAUSE OP RELIGION. This is the point of special interest to those who believe that "man's chief end is to glorify God and to enjoy him forever." 1. The influence of parochial schools on the piety of the Church must be great; for youth is the forming season of life. "The child is father of the man." An eminent writer on education has affirmed that the first five years of a child have more to do in moulding his character than any other equal number of years. Whether this be true or not, the second and the third five years may be very hope- fully employed in training him aright. The first five years being the March, the second and third five are the April and May of our Spring. It is the season of hope and promise, all of whose opportu- nities should be devoted to the high purposes of life and immortality. That children can learn a great deal even at a very early period, is seen in the facility with which they acquire the knowledge of lan- guage — an achievement which almost defies the best efforts of adult foreigners during a life-time. The difficulty, not to say impossibility, of making up for the neglect of original opportunities demonstrates the necessity of an early, in order to secure a thorough, education. A boy who has not been taught in early years to spell or to write well, will hardly ever recover from the disadvantages of youthful inattention. So it is in every thing, especially in religion. A ne- glect on this subject in youth is irreparable loss. It throws a gloom of terror into the valley of the shadow of death. The remark of Dr. Rush is a true one: "Mothers and schoolmasters plant the seed of nearly all the good and evil that exists in the world." The youth- ful mind is in the highest degree susceptible. Character grows day by day. All things, even the most trivial, assist in unfolding it. Youth is emphatically the time to store the mind with divine truth, to train the conscience carefully under the direction of revelation, and to bring all the resources of religion to bear upon the destiny of the young immortal. The value of early religious impressions may be strikingly illustrated by the memory. The three facts connected with the memory that serve our purpose, are that it is one of the active faculties of childhood, that the knowledge it treasures up goes far to form the character, and that we remember longest what we learned in early life. It is obviously then of vital importance to fill the memory at this accessible period with the things of religion, in order that the thoughts of a child may be his friends and counsellors in the formation of character: and that his future life, even down to 10 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. old age, may be refreshed by the familiar truth which memory brings up from childhood, as the natural homage which childhood loves to pay to age. The great aim of an education in early years should be instruction in religion. The teachable disposition of children, their curiosity about the things of the invisible world, their freedom from habits of prejudice, the ease with which they may be commonly made to attend to religious subjects, may be turned to infinite advantage in a course of education. There is in children what Bacon calls "the sparkle of the purity of man's first estate," which can be hopefully retained only during their very earliest years. Our nature, though corrupt, is the least corrupt in childhood. Then is offered the best opportunity of training immortals for glory — before depraved appe- tites have been cherished, and worldly temptations indulged, and bad habits formed. The neglect of religious instruction in our schools is doing more to nurture infidelity and immorality than ever was in the power of Voltaire and Paine. Human nature is so con- stituted of God that its destiny for eternity greatly depends on early training. No Church therefore can be doing her duty to the rising generation that neglects their religious education at the very period that usually controls their immortality. Alas, how many children are common-schooled out of heaven! 2. The influence of a day-school is very great — too great to be lost to religious education. The school hours are the most active hours of the day for improvement. Our too general and sinful prac- tice has been to separate the mind from the heart and conscience ; or rather to attempt to cultivate the intellectual whilst the moral powers are left to take care of themselves under the active care of Satan. This exclusive attention to the head, if it make good scholars, will not make good Christians; and in the long run scholarship itself is injured by losing the beneficial influences of religion. Reli- gious instruction sustains to a school something of the relation of the Sabbath to the rest of the week; sanctifying, elevating and doubly blessing all duties in consequence of the homage rendered to this special divine requirement. The education of the intellect at the expense of the heart is an immorality; it is a perversion of the laws of nature as well as of the commands of revelation. It would be considered monstrous to undertake to cultivate the sense of hearing by shutting up a child in a dark room, and thereby injuring his sense of sight. The child has a right to the development of all his senses. He has a higher right to the development of all the faculties of his soul, moral and intellectual. The Chinese custom of bandaging the feet is not a more effectual encroachment on the perfection of the phvsical system than our political custom of dwarfing the heart is a dishonour to the moral system. Even if our children were young angels, they ought to be daily taught the truth of heaven. Since they are sinners they need it more. A child should never remember the day " when good things were strangers to his thoughts." KEPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 11 The idea that Sabbath schools supply the place of daily religious instruction is no more true than that going to church and being devout on the Sabbath is enough religion for all the week. Sabbath schools do indeed assist in supplying the unchristian defects of our week-day schools: but their agency is the less effectual on account of the neglected education of the other six days. The Sabbath was never intended to supercede religious instruction day by day. The Lord's day is the perfection of the system of which the other six days form a part. It was intended to give efficacy and impulse to the religious training of the week, by rallying around the six days the sanctifying power of a seventh devoted wholly to God. The design of the Sabbath is misconceived by the attempt to overburden it with the religious responsibilities of the entire week. The same remarks apply in a measure to religious instruction at home. This is unquestionably the most important and hallowed of all human instrumentalities. Yet it does not dispense with other agencies. On the contrary it invites them. No children are belter prepared to profit by a religious education at school than those who are well instructed at home. But there are multitudes of children, who receive little or no religious instruction at home, and still greater numbers who are surrounded only by evil influences. How important, then, for the Church to provide for the daily teach- ing of all her children in the things which belong to their peace ! The thorough, old method, "precept upon precept, precept upon pre- cept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little and there a little," is a fundamental principle in the parochial school system. 3. The doctrines of grace, which are the peculiarities of revela- tion and the true groundwork of sound religious education, cannot be taught through the medium of State exposition and secular agency. The clamorous demands of political and infidel agitation exclude these doctrines from our public schools. They cannot be named in the generality of State institutions; or if named, it is by a bare toleration which may be converted at any time into downright prohibition. We maintain that if our children ought to be instructed in religion at all, they ought to be instructed in the fundamental truths of revealed religion — the doctrines which the Holy Spirit has used in all ages in the conversion and sanctification of the soul, and in "bringing the redeemed of the Lord to Zion with songs and everlasting joy." A diluted, historical religion, or an indefinite State religion is not the religion of Christ. God's method is to employ evangelical doctrine in leading sinners to the cross and to heaven. However much the world may depreciate doctrine, Presbyterians have always considered it necessary to the life of Christianity. At the baptism of our children, the minister publicly announces that there is " an excellent summary of the principles of our holy religion in the Confession of Faith of this Church, and in the Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Westminster Assembly." These "prin- ciples of our holy religion" — the principles of the Bible, of the Re- 12 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. formation, and of the Presbyterian Church — are the principles with which our children should become familiar in early life. This is the very aim of the parochial system. The exclusion, by the " index expurgatorius" of the State, of these principles from the public schools makes it necessary for the Church to organize schools of her own, where religion can be early taught under her own authority. Whilst we "render unto Ceesar the things that are Csesar's," we must "render unto God the things that are God's." Religious instruc- tion had better be any one thing that is good than every thing and nothing. Where religion is taught in a by-way, it is very apt to become a by-word. In arranging our system of education, which we are compelled to do in self-defence, Presbyterians will not rest satisfied with any teaching short of "the truth as it is in Jesus." The religion of their fathers must be taught to their children. 4. The influence of parochial schools on parental and pastoral fidelity will be a great advantage to the religious interests of the rising generation. Our children have been too much neglected, not only in our schools, but at our firesides and in our sanctuaries. Any movement of the Church on their behalf will necessarily act with power upon all the other sources of influence. Parents will be stimu- lated to take a new interest in the Christian education of their chil- dren by means of a school system that forms a part of the plansof their Church. Pastors will in like manner be induced to renew their activity in this great cause, so closely connected with the success of their labours. Our Church will, in all probability, be more effectu- ally aroused on the subject of Christian education than at any pre- vious period of our history. Parental and pastoral supervision will readily co-operate by sympathy and by principle with the public efforts of the Church to bless the rising generation. 5. It is evident that children, trained up for God at school as well as at home, and on the week-day as well as the Sabbath, will pos- sess those attainments in religious knowledge which place them in a favourable position, by God 's grace, for the salvation of the soul. Such youth will in the ordinary course of Providence grow up to respect the Sabbath, to engage in private devotion, to read their Bibles, and to appreciate the instructions of the sanctuary. In a word, they will have been trained up "in the way they should go;" and the promise of a blessing belongs to their parents and to them. The history of the Church proves that those whose characters have been formed most nearly on this model, constitute the vast majority of the hopefully pious. God's ways confirm his word. Even if the early life of persons thus instructed pass away without vital religion, for them there is still hope. Like the girdled forest whose withering pines have been succeeded by a marvellous undergrowth of the majes- tic oak, so a period of most unpromising youth is often followed on the soil of gospel instruction by a manhood and old age of devoted piety, beneath whose shades children and children's children repose with delight. Dr. Witherspoon remarks as follows : REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 13 " The instances of conversion in advanced life are very rare: and when it seems to happen, it is perhaps most commonly the resurrec- tion of those seeds which were sown in infancy but had been long stifled by the violence of youthful passions or the pursuits of ambi- tion and the hurry of an active life. I have known several instances of the instructions, long neglected, of deceased parents at last rising up, asserting their authority, and producing the deepest penitence and real reformation. But my experience furnishes me with no example of one brought up in ignorance and security, after a long course of profaneness, turning at the close of life to the service of the living God." (Vol. II. p. 255.) One reason unquestionably why so few conversions occur among children and youth is, that their daily religious instruction is so much neglected. There would be more Nathan Dickermans and Mary Lothrops, more babes and sucklings in Christ to perfect His praise, if there were more religious training to lead the soul heavenward. A school system that carefully taught religion day by day, and antici- pated, as far as human means can, the developments of human depravity, has the hope of receiving the favour of God. It is a plan so accordant with the sympathies of Jesus, his interest in little chil- dren, and the general tenor of his life and word, that it would be accompanied, we verily believe, by the power of the Holy Spirit. Let the two systems of Church and of State education be left to the decision of divine Providence, be laid up together before the ark of the testimony, and we should soon find the buds, blossoms and almonds honouring the appointed instrumentality of Zion. We should see piety illustrated in all ages, budding, blossoming and bearing fruit in the courts of the Lord; and Faith could point to many of our children and youth, exclaiming with the most enlarged meaning, "of such is the kingdom of heaven!" III. MINISTERIAL TRAINING. The connexion between parochial schools and ministerial education is a subject of very great interest and importance. It is a fact deserving of special attention that the institutions founded in the early period of our history had a direct reference to education for the ministry. The " Log College" of Tennent, the academies at New London and Fagg's Manor, and Princeton Col- lege, which were among our most ancient seminaries of learning, were established with a primary view to this object. With the exception of a few Presbyterian colleges of more recent origin, our institutions of learning seem to have now lost sight of this great aim. Whilst our Church has wisely fostered theological seminaries as auxiliaries in securing a thorough ministerial training, she has almost entirely overlooked the character of the preparatory schools, acade- mies, and colleges. Instead of beginning at the foundation and going up with care, our chief attention has been directed to the finish 14 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. of the superstructure. Or to use a figure of frequent application, we have completed the upper part of our ecclesiastical edifice and left the basement and the school room untouched. 1. The children of the Church, who are by God's grace to be her future ministers, will receive a better religions and intellectual framing in parochial schools than they now receive. It would be well for the Church if she could say of all her ministers " from a child thou hast known the Scriptures." But all mothers are not like Hannah and Eunice, nor are all grand-mothers like Lois. The Church cannot trust her children exclusively to parental fidelity, nor would it be her duty to do so, even if that fidelity could be relied upon. The children of the Church should be well educated and religiously educated at school, whatever may be their training at home. Facts demonstrate that the early education of our candidates is very much neglected. Many of them are obliged to go to acade- mies at the age of twenty years and upwards, to learn the rudiments of knowledge. Not only is much precious time thus lost, but time so precious that nothing can supply its loss. Even those ministers who have received a continuous education from their youth up, in existing institutions, might have been trained in Church institutions to far more substantial attainments both in the religious and intel- lectual qualifications of their profession. There cannot be a doubt that our whole system of ministerial education depends upon pa- rochial schools as its natural, essential and well-ordered basis. 2. This will further appear when we consider that the parochial system will, with the blessing of God, give the Church a wider range from which to expect ministerial supplies. She will not only have better ministers by God's grace, but more of them. In proportion as Christian education exerts an influence on the minds and hearts of the youth of the Church, are the probabilities increased of their turn- ing their attention to the ministry. There is no irreverence in such an anticipation. God employs means in the advancement of his kingdom. As the multiplication of churches secures in the ordinary course of Providence an increase of communicants, so a larger class of youth religiously educated in Church schools will be likely to fur- nish an increased supply for the sanctuary. The increase of edu- cated youth would, from the nature of the case, be chiefly from among the poor; and this is the class from which God selects most frequently the ministers of his word. Poverty has deprived many a man of his education, and thereby compelled him to work on a farm, or to be a mechanic, or to engage in some other honourable though subordinate employment, whose noble mind might have been expanded and pre- pared to preach Christ crucified in demonstration of the Spirit and with power. Many a " village Hampden" might have been trained to contend valiantly against the royal foe of the human race; many a gem might have been plucked from the now unfathomed caves of poverty and care to deck with sanctuary lustre the diadem of Jesus. The following, statements in reference to the supplies for the min- REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 15 istry, occur in a report of a committee of the Synod of Kentucky: " In consequence of the Church neglecting the baptized youth, the ministry was ill supplied, while other professions were crowded. From 1620 to 1720, a period when the Church paid attention to her youth, more than half of all the graduates of American colleges entered the ministry; from 1720 to 1770 one-third; from 1770 to 1800 one-fifth; from 1800 to 1810 one-sixth, and for several years in the Western country it might be safely said not one-twentieth. The irreligious had so managed and taken advantage of the remiss- ness of the Church, as to get into their hands both colleges and ele- mentary schools."* The history of Princeton College corroborates the above testimony. The number of graduates at this institution who entered the ministry from 1748 to 176S was about i " 1768 to 1788 " h « 178S to 1808 " | " 1808 to 1828 " i « 1828 to 1841 " * If the Church had no other object in view than simply the increase of the ministry, she would be more than justified in amending and extending her system of education. 3. It is obvious that education under Church supervision would greatly promote the cause of ministerial training as a safe-guard against failures. The qualifications of candidates trained up from early youth under the watchful care of the Church would be well known in all our congregations and Presbyteries. From the nature of the case, there would be fewer risks encountered. Character would be formed on a superior model; piety would have a more intelligent basis; the nature of a call to the ministry would be better understood; and the general qualifications of candidates would be better known, as well as of a better order. Almost all the failures connected with the Board of Education have been from the class whose early education was neglected. The most hopeful candi- dates of the Church are those who have drank in the "sincere milk of the word" with their nursery rhymes and their mother's prayers, and who have been regularly trained in Sabbath and other schools. It must not be supposed, however, that under the best possible system of Church education, we shall be free from failures among our candidates. But we may labour by prayer and by effort of every kind to diminish the number; and it is believed that no improvement upon our existing system would be found so radical and effectual as the education of our future ministers under the care of the Church, from the school to the theological seminary. 4. It is obvious that this system would be more satisfactory to the Church, as a means of perfecting the education of her future * Dr. Davidson's History of Kentucky, p. 309. 16 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. ministers. The objections to the Board of Education would to a very great extent be removed by a system of Church institutions. Candidates would then never be required to pledge themselves to enter the ministry until they had arrived after all the discipline of a full preparatory course at the threshold of the theological seminary. If our Church were prepared to take the position at once that she would educate all the children and youth in her congregations with- out reference to profession, it would be the grandest movement of her history and of the age. This position she must ultimately reach under the system of ecclesiastical education. It is a position of glory as well as of power. Then would our indigent youth enjoy from the beginning all the advantages of an intellectual and moral training under the best influences; and when they felt called by the Spirit of Christ to follow him in the regeneration of the world by preaching his gospel, they would still receive aid and enter the theological semi- nary with all that maturity arid stability of mental and religious character which forbode a happy issue. In the mean time the Church must do the best she can with the measures now in operation. She needs ministers too much to dispense with her present plans because not as perfect as they might be. Our existing measures of ministerial education have been wonderfully successful — so much so as to indi- cate what greater blessings the Church might expect to receive both in the character and number of her candidates, if she commenced with parochial schools and then followed up the work of education in Presbyterial academies and afterwards in Synodical colleges; — all parts of a regular system strictly ecclesiastical, which terminates, for those who are called by the Spirit, in theological seminaries. IV. PROSPERITY OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The connexion between parochial schools and the pros- perity of the Presbyterian church is a topic deserving considera- tion in analyzing the probable advantages and results of the proposed system of education. If parochial schools, as we have attempted to show, would promote sound education, practical piety, and the inte- rests of candidates for the ministry, the cause of Presbyterianism must be onward. It lives and thrives by the power of truth, holi- ness, and ministerial fidelity. All that has been said in favour of the contemplated plan of education is a plea for the general prosperity of the Church. Our denomination has, with the blessing of God, done a good work in the regeneration of the world; but our resources of use- fulness have yet to be developed in their capacious reality. Early religious education would be to Zion like the endowment of a new power. Strength accrues to a church by the very act of putting forth new efforts in a good cause. The influences of enterprise, perseverance, and proper self-reliance, so favourable to the forma- tion of personal character, are equally strong in moulding the general REPORT OX PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 17 character of a Church. A Church awake to the interests of the rising generation, will show a very different front in the army of God's elect from one that has never been disciplined in this elementary ser- vice. The incidental benefits of well directed Christian activity may be seen in the quickening power of the foreign missionary scheme. How many energies otherwise dormant have been aroused into vigorous religious action! How much sympathy, how much prayer, how much self-denial, how much effort of every kind has been put forth for the salvation of the heathen — all returning in Heaven's appointed circle of benevolence to bless the Church with a reflex in- fluence precious and all-pervading! Every new enterprise, like the Board of Publication for example, that works wisely for God, calls forth energies hitherto undeveloped in their true proportion. On the principle, then, that every new element of prosperity exerts a leaven- ing power on the aggregate instrumentalities of the Church, we have every reason to anticipate the most extensive benefits, direct and col- lateral, from a revival throughout our bounds of a religious interest in the education of children. This interest is both of a household and a public nature. It is identified with the gates of Zion as well as with the dwellings of Jacob. It is part of a grand moral movement that would purify and invigorate all the private, social, and public relations of Christianity. Parochial schools would have a tendency to cement the bonds of union between the members of the same congregation and to bring up the children on terms of social familiarity and sympathy. The teachers of our week-day schools would be superintendents or teach- ers in our Sabbath schools, throwing a great accession of influence into the department of Sabbath instruction. The power of the min- istry would be increased beyond computation by a large band of faithful Christian teachers who co-operated day by day throughout the year in familiarizing the minds of our youth with the doctrines and duties of the Bible. A Church of such aims and resources would, with the blessing of God, have " the work of her hands established" in the raising up of an intelligent, sober-minded, conscientious, use- ful generation of Christians. One of the important results to the Church from parochial educa- tion, would be the better instruction of our youth in the history of the Church. Our doctrines, imperfectly as they have been taught, are better known than our history. Yet no Church has an ancestry and an earthly inheritance more illustrious and soul-inspiring than ourown. Our children should be well taught the history of her true and glorious succession, her agency in the Reformation, her trials and. persecutions, her spirit of martyr endurance, her love of liberty, her exaltation of the Bible as the great text-book of Protestantism and. especially of Presbyterianism. How full of interest is the history of our Church in Scotland, England, France, Switzerland and other lands! How many noble lessons of true Christian devotion, of earnest effort to advance the kingdom of Christ, distinguish the 18 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. annals of the Huguenots, the Covenanters, the Puritans, the Cal- vinists of every clime and nation and age! Our Church with all her faults has a great advantage in being adapted to conciliate not only Christian hearts by her doctrines, but American hearts by her history. Evangelical truth and civil liberty have been to an honourable degree our characteristics. Such lessons might be made to tell with power upon the rising generation. The combined influ- ence of our Bible truth and of our Providential history, has yet to be fairly tried upon our children as the means of exciting their souls to love their God and their Church. If it be true that men raised among the mountains imbibe the spirit of freedom from their very birth, it is no less true that Presbyterians trained amidst the moral grandeur of their sublime history, would "stand fast in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made them free." Our Church should endeavour to "gird on the harness" for the approaching contest with Antichrist. Every element that can assist in elevating the Christian character of the rising generation, must be brought into requisition. Religious instruction in early youth is peculiarly demanded at a period like this. It is high time for us to awake out of sleep, " redeeming the time because the days are evil." Presbyterians must better prepare to meet the crisis in the destiny of the Messiah's kingdom. They are now comparatively unprepared to meet its contingencies of trial and storm. Their chil- dren must not be thus left without the full preparation of the gospel of peace, but should be carefully educated by the Church to do their whole duty, "and having done all, to stand." Our neglect of adequate religious education has been seen in the facility with which some of our youth have been enticed into churches where evangelical truth has lost its divine prominence. " If they are weary in the land of peace, what will they do in the swelling of Jordan !" If they are so easily misled now, what shall guard them in future from the fiercer temptations of Antichrist ? God has punished us with defaulters enough to open our eyes to behold our sins ; and if we make no effort at effectual reformation, our doom is as certain as our warning. Why is it that Presbyterians have swelled the ranks of other denominations to the disparagement of their own glorious system of gospel grace and liberty ? To use the language of a quaint divine: " What may be the cause why so much cloth so soon changeth colour? It is because it was never loet-ivadded — which giveth fixation to a colour and setteth it in a cloth." This is the reason we lose our members from time to time; they were never "wet-wadded" in our Catechism, were never deep- dyed by an early, thorough religious education, which giveth "fixa- tion" to our truth and setteth it in the soul. Who often hears of a Presbyterian in Scotland abandoning the altar and the graves of his fathers for prelacy or popery ? The same guardian attention for the education of their children which honours the land of Knox, once characterized all the churches of the Reformation. De Thou says of REPORT ON* PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 19 the Reformed Church of France, two hundred and fifty years ago, " you can scarcely find a boy among them who cannot give you an intelligent account of the faith they profess." A popish theologian sent to convert the Protestants of Dauphine, declared that it was "hopeless to make proselytes where the children were so well grounded in their creed." Such facts make a common sense appeal to the members of every evangelical communion. We trust they will not be lost to our own. The Presbyterian Church must arouse herself to this great work of training her youth for God. She has forgotten the exploits of the Reformation, and needs herself a refor- mation, in order to renew her wonders in the service of the Redeemer. Presbyterians were once honoured in the Providence of God as the chief promoters of Christian education in the country. Their schools and academies which were like "the cedar tree that is in Lebanon" are now like "the hyssop that springeth out of the wall." Our influ- ence is comparatively insignificant. The "Log College" of Ten- nent would be a greater wonder and glory in these days than it was a century ago. Although its foundations have disappeared, and its little garden is now part of a common wheat-field, yet the spot where it once was is yet known by the luxuriant growth of vegetation which every year renewedly blesses its heaven-favoured locality. The fertility of nature around that ancient seminary 01 learning is an emblem of the visible results to be expected from Church institu- tions planted amidst the harvest-fields of the world. A blessing would be around about them, and their memorial would descend from age to age. The sure method for our Church to prosper is to " train up her children in the way they should go." School extension is, with the divine blessing, a glorious basis of Church extension. We must not only preach the gospel to those who have grown up, but we must train those who are growing up in the truth of the gospel. The Free Church of Scotland, with a high remembrance of her ancestral privileges, has gone diligently to work in building school houses as defences of the gates of Zion. This policy, sanctioned by the word of God and commended by all experience, will, if adopted by our own Church, cause her to resume her ancient position "clear as the sun, fair as the moon, and terrible as an army with banners." SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. The Board of Education having thus attempted to exhibit the rela- tions of the parochial school system to elementary education, practical piety, ministerial training, and the prosperity of the Presbyterian Church, express the hope that the General Assembly will take action on this important subject. Difficulties there are of various kinds — many of them of a very serious nature, whilst others are exaggerated and rise up with gigan- 20 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. tic aspect to terrify us from the land of promise. No noble enterprise for God was ever set on foot without adverse reports from every side. The times require faith and perseverance, and the hardy spirit of Christian patience and endurance. If the work be a good one, it can be accomplished. Whatever ought to be done can be done. Diffi- culties in a good cause are often the blessings of God in disguise — the merciful interpositions of his Providence to teach his people their dependence, and to arouse within them the energies necessary to hearty co-operation and successful achievement. Obstacles would quickly disappear, if every Presbyterian had it in his heart to say with Caleb, " let us go up at once and possess the land ; for we are well able to overcome it." If we magnify obstacles and murmur against the Lord for bidding us go forward in the midst of difficul- ties, his righteous judgment may keep us wandering for the life-time of another generation in the wilderness of State institutions. The action of the General Assembly, within the acknowledged range of its functions, is deemed all-important. It must, from the nature of the case, be chiefly advisory in its character — be suited to encourage, to lead forward, and to influence rather than to command. Any system of education depends so essentially upon public opinion that it would be in vain for the Assembly to attempt to carry into execution measures that did not pre-suppose the local co-operation of the churches. What seems to be peculiarly necessary at the pre- sent time is to encourage those churches to move forward in this great work, who are in some measure prepared for it, but yet are waiting for a more decisive expression of ecclesiastical sanction. In various parts of our country, the Board are assured that our churches and presbyteries are looking forward with anxious interest to the action of the present General Assembly. I. The Board of Education, in obedience to the resolution of last year, respectfully suggest that the General Assembly should, in the first place, affirm their sense of the importance of a system of Christian education to be extended as far as possible throughout their congregations. The characteristic principle of the system contem- plated would be religions instruction from the word of God in con- nexion with sound, intellectual culture; and the general outlines of the system would embrace primary schools under the care of churches, academies under the care of Presbyteries, and ultimately colleges under the care of one or more Synods. The subject of theological seminaries is supposed to be already disposed of in the settled policy of the Church. The Board deem it suitable in this place to make a few practical remarks on the general outlines of the system which they propose for the recommendation of the Assembly. As to parochial schools, they have to encounter difficulties which belong to any other system of education; such as sparseness of popu- lation, want of interest in the cause of education, difficulty of procur- REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 21 ing teachers, &c. The occasion does not demand any allusion to difficulties which exist in common with all other plans. The principal difficulty of a practical kind, at least in many places, is supposed to arise from the expense of supporting teachers in Church schools. The Board suggest the following considerations to show that the embarrassment from this source will not be so great as to be likely to defeat the project. 1. Many churches can unquestionably support their own schools. The great majority are able to do this without serious inconvenience. The least of all difficulties is really the want of pecuniary means; for God has furnished an abundance of means in the Presbyterian Church to do her whole duty in the conversion of the world. If the Free Church of Scotland, heavily laden with the burdens and respon- sibilities of her new organization, did not hesitate to add a complete school-system to her other ecclesiastical enterprises, the Presbyterian Church in this country would be unworthy of her ancestry to bring forward so ignoble an excuse on a subject of such vast importance, and at a period of eventful crisis in her history. The fact is that our Church, so far from having reached the point of full expansion in her pecuniary resources, has hardly done much more than to start from the minimum of contraction. Instead of commanding the hom- age yielded to self-denial, we are suffering in the judgment of the world and in our own consciences the shame of self-indulgence and covetousness. One thing is encouraging, and that is that the more the Church has multiplied the objects of benevolence, the more have the hearts of the people been opened to give their worldly substance. No undertaking is more likely to become popular in our churches than the education of the rising generation. It ought to be taken for granted that our Church will enlarge her liberality in tfTe Chris- tian and dutiful work of training her own children. 2. The money now spent in education would go far to support parochial schools. The funds which are scattered about in different places, would, if collected together, contribute largely to defray the whole expense of Church institutions. 3. Many schools might probably be started with the nucleus of an existing school; and thus a great part of the difficulty be antici- pated. 4. A part, or the whole of the teacher's salary might be raised by private subscription, or by monthly, quarterly, or annual collections; and if there were any deficiency, it would be supplied in a great many cases on a renewed appeal to parents. 5. In some places, ministers or members of their families, might assume, at the outset especially, the responsibility of beginning the undertaking. Though an addition to their labours, it would also be an addition to their means of doing good, as well as of obtaining a temporal support. 6. It is not too much to expect that persons would be found to 22 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. enter upon this work, with small prospects of support at first; but yet who were so impressed with its importance, and had so much faith in Providence as to be willing to make the experiment, even amidst many discouragements. 7. In many congregations, especially in the country, different families might be willing to board the teacher for a time, and thus diminish the expense of the salary. S. In the course of events, legacies would in all probability be left to assist local schools. No class of benevolent objects seems so suit- able to receive the aid of permanent funds as schools, colleges, and other institutions of education. In Scotland, large legacies have sometimes been left for these objects, as also in our own country. It is believed that many would be willing to follow the example of John Calvin, who although he died poor, being worth only a few hundred dollars, left a legacy in his will to the boy's school in Geneva. 9. A general Church fund might be annually raised, after the man- ner of our other Church operations, to assist feeble congregations in the salaries of their teachers. On this point more will be said pre- sently. The preceding statements on the matter of supporting our Church schools are not supposed to meet every case that may arise, but are merely thrown out to be applied according to circumstances. It is believed that they will apply so far as to put it in the pecuniary power of a great majority of our churches to have parochial schools. The salaries of teachers would of course vary according to cir- cumstances. In New England, it is understood that the salaries in the common schools are from $12 to $20 per month. Each Church would supply its own school according to its own rate and ability. Nothing has been said in regard to the public money in different States. Although assistance from this quarter is by no means a hopeless expectation, if active measures were persevered in to ob- tain it, yet there are many considerations which render any reliance upon the State not only precarious but undesirable. The method of applying \\\e money to support the schools must be left to the judgment of each congregation. Some might judge it best to support the teacher on a salary, and to open the school, without charge, to the children of all persons belonging to the congregation. Others might prefer to have each child pay a small sum, and to make up the deficiency, if any, either by private subscription or from the general Church fund, if the congregation were feeble. Experience would soon adjust details of this kind. The school house might be built at once in many congregations. In others, the lecture room, or basement of the church edifice might be used for that purpose. In others, a room might be rented until better arrangements could be made. The Board believe that in hundreds of our churches parochial REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 23 schools might be organized during the ensuing year without much practical difficulty. An impression is too apt to prevail that a paro- chial school is some new wonder, which is to be introduced in a way almost miraculous. Whereas, if the friends of Church education, with the Session of the Church to guide them, went heartily to work, the indistinct and strange vision would in many cases speedily become a Christian reality. In such matters, experience will soon suggest a remedy for local wants and difficulties. Enterprise is the ally of faith; and the blessing of heaven accompanies the prayers and labours of Christian activity in a good cause. In regard to academies under the care of Presbyteries, the Board think that fewer pecuniary and other difficulties would exist in their establishment than in regard to parochial schools. Partly because there is little or no interference with State institutions; partly because the salaries of the teachers would be more easily provided by the tuition and by the liberality of a large district; and partly because there are fewer inherent difficulties. Any Presbytery in the Church, for example, could furnish pupils enough for such an institution. The fact that the Methodists have without difficulty established such seminaries in their various Conferences, shows that the work is feasi- ble in the Presbyterian Church. Our denomination yet retains nominal possession of many acade- mies, or select schools, as they are sometimes called. Their teachers belong to the Presbyterian Church; but their real value is in a great measure lost to us by the diluted religion taught in most of them. Their object being generally that of worldly gain, the number of pupils is a very great consideration. In order to conciliate all denomi- nations, nothing distinctive is taught as to the truth of God; and thus Presbyterian children, who are the great majority in many of these schools, are excluded from the privileges of their faith. The Board rejoice to state that the Presbytery of Tuscaloosa has already taken action on this subject, and is resolved to establish a Presbyterial aca- demy. In various Presbyteries several such institutions might be successfully carried on. As with parochial schools, the academy might be started with the nucleus of an institution already in opera- tion. The pecuniary affairs of a Presbyterial academy might, in most cases, perhaps, be left to private enterprise. The Presbytery would, however, secure the edifice under their own control; and would always insist upon the right of examining the qualifications of teachers and of general visitation and supervision. It deserves consideration whether a female seminary ought not to be aimed at by every Presbytery. However desirable it may be, in the estimation of many, to educate at least their daughters at home, there is unquestionably a demand for female institutions. The Pa- pists, the Episcopalians, and the Methodists have theirs; and Presby- terians, who seek an education for their daughters, should not be obliged to send them among strangers. When the influence of the 24 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. female sex on the destinies of the Church and the world is considered, this subject may well awaken our anxious inquiries. Many of our Presbyterial academies might be under the supervi- sion of ministers. Such general control would not interfere so much with pastoral labours as to compensate the loss of a strong religious influence in these institutions. Many of the fathers of the Presby- terian Church laboured zealously for God as teachers as well as preachers ; and our Zion would have no occasion to mourn over the repetition of the arduous services of a past generation. The importance of these Presbyterial academies is enhanced by the fact that they would be the nurseries for the teachers of our parochial schools. They are an indispensable part of a system of Christian education, viewed either in reference to the training up of teachers, of candidates for the ministry, or of educated youth to adorn the Church or the State in other professions or walks in life. No language can describe the influence on our Church and on the world of one academy in each Presbytery — of one hundred and eigh- teen institutions to train up our youth for life and immortality. And then, were we to double the number for the female sex, it would be a demonstration of the principle that " two would put ten thousand to flight." Several hundred Presbyterial academies for the Christian edu- cation of youth of both sexes would concentrate in the Presby- terian Church an amount of power, influence, and prosperity un- known in her annals. In regard to colleges, the Presbyterian Church is perhaps less open to the accusation of remissness than on the subject of schools and academies. There is great room for improvement, however, here. The number of colleges, strictly under Presbyterian, ecclesias- tical control is very small. Danville, Oakland, South Hanover, Davidson and Oglethorpe, are believed to be the only ones. The Presbyterians have nominal control over various others, as Prince- ton, Lafayette, Washington, Jefferson, Prince Edward, &c. The rapid growth of our country shows the necessity of organizing more colleges, especially at the West. It is to be hoped that every new institution of this kind will be committed to the management of the Church, instead of to a comparatively irresponsible body of self-per- petuating or State-elected trustees. With these hints on the various outlines of the system, the Board recommend the Assembly to give their ecclesiastical sanction to the general plan of Christian education, particularly in refer- ence to parochial schools. A definite sanction on the part of the Assembly wili, it is believed, go far towards concentrating the attention of the Church on this whole subject, and ultimately bring- ing out her resources into harmonious and efficient action. Public sentiment in various parts of our country needs more than any thing else, the stimulus of the conviction that this system of Christian education is to be the system of the Presbyterian Church. REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 25 II. In the second place, the Board of Education suggest to the Assembly the propriety of calling the attention of their Synods and Presbyteries to this great subject. A full discussion in our inferior judicatories of the whole matter in all its bearings, would go far to settle points on which public sentiment is not now matured. Light and truth emanate from the collision of minds. Certainly no subject may be more properly submitted to our Synods and Presbyteries than the religious and intellectual training of the rising generation. III. In the third place, the Board recommend the appointment of a minister and elder in every Presbytery, whose duty it shall be to collect information about the number and present condition of schools, academies and other institutions within their bounds; their wants as a Presbytery on the subject of education ; hinderances which exist in the establishment of the parochial school system ; the number of children under fifteen years of age belonging to their congregations ; the state of public opinion on the subject of education ; the ability of their churches to sustain teachers and build school houses; in short, all the statistical information which has any relation to the subject. The above committees to present their reports before the 1st of Jan- uary, 1848, to the Board of Education, who shall prepare for the next General Assembly a summary view of the matters embraced in them. IV. In the fourth place, it is suggested that the General Assembly recommend the Board of Publication to take into consideration the subject of school books, and to report to the next Assembly whether any thing, and if any thing, what can be done in the great and in- creasingly important department of Christian elementary instruction. V. In the last place, the Board suggest that the Assembly au- thorize the Board of Education to aid, with any funds that may be placed at their command for that purpose, feeble churches in prosecuting a plan of Christian education. The Board have already on hand in their treasury three thousand dollars, which may be applied to this object by the permission of friends deeply interested in this great cause. It is believed that feeble churches, above all others, need the self-sustaining, influential power of Christian schools; and that the Assembly should encourage her members and churches to assist in the great work of school extension as well as Church extension. The reasons which incline the Board of Education to be the medium of assisting to establish parochial schools among feeble churches, and to attend as far as possible to the general interests of Christian education, are these : 1. Parochial schools, as has been shown, are the corner-stones of the whole system of ministerial training. 2. The operation of parochial schools, if successful, will ultimately transfer from the Board the elementary education of their candidates. Their funds, which would be otherwise withdrawn from service, would be thus brought again into active demand. 26 REPORT ON PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. 3. The Church would realize more the duty and privilege of pro- viding for the education of the ministry, if the training up of all her children, in connexion with, and in addition to this particular object, were the grand principle and aim of her education efforts. 4. The fact that Church extension has been managed by the Board of Missions, authorizes the expectation that school extension may be managed by the Board of Education. 5. The expense of the organization of a new Board is a motive to allow the existing Board to attempt to do the work. 6. Public sentiment is not perhaps sufficiently matured to demand a new organization. 7. If the Assembly do not authorize some movement on this great subject, there is ground to fear that little will be done for another year. In addition to these considerations, the amount of funds which the Board of Education have on hand, seems to be a Providential encouragement for them to offer their services. The Board of Education, however, wish it to be distinctly under- stood by the Assembly, that the suggestion of their own instrumen- tality is made only from a sense of obligation to the Church. The duties, cares and responsibilities which primary schools would add to their existing burdens are not sought, nor are they shunned. If the Assembly shall, on the whole, judge it best to commit these interests to their care, the Board will, with the divine blessing, labour faith- fully and zealously to discharge their additional obligations. If, on the other hand, any other course shall be found better adapted to secure the successful commencement of the great work in view, the Board will most gratefully acknowledge the Providence which has opened a " more excellent way." Invoking the blessing of God to direct his Church in the prosecu- tion of right measures on this important subject, the Board of Edu- cation respectfully submit to the Assembly this their report. In behalf of the Board, Alexander Henry, President. CORTLANDT VAN ReNSSELAER, Corresponding Secretary. May, 1847. APPENDIX. ACTION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. EXTRACTS FROM THE MINUTES. " The Board of Education, appointed by the last Assembly to report from time to time on the subject of Parochial Schools, reported through their Cor- responding Secretary, Dr. Van Rensselaer; and their report was referred to a special committee, consisting of Drs. Hodge, Jones, and Janeway, and Messrs. Snowden and Mcllwaine." * * * * "The order of the day was then taken up, viz. the report of the committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Education on Parochial Schools. The resolutions were considered seriatim, amended, and adopted, and are as follows, viz. 1. Resolved, That the Report be committed to the Board of Education, in order that it may be printed and circulated among the churches. 2. Resolved, That this Assembly do hereby express their firm conviction, that the interests of the Church and the glory of our Redeemer demand that immediate and strenuous exertions should be made, as far as practicable, by every congregation, to establish within its bounds one or more primary schools, under the care of the Session of the church, in which, together with the usual branches of secular learning, the truths and duties of our holy religion shall be assiduously inculcated. 3. Resolved, That this Assembly do hereby earnestly call upon all the Synods and Presbyteries under their care, to take the subject of Christian education under consideration, and to devise and execute whatever measures they may deem most appropriate for securing the establishment of Parochial and Presbyterial Schools in our bounds. 4. Resolved, That a committee, consisting of one minister and one ruling elder, be appointed by each Presbytery, to collect information as to the num- ber and condition of schools within the bounds of the Presbytery, the number of children under fifteen years of age belonging to their congrega- tions, the state of public opinion in respect to education, the ability of the churches to sustain teachers and build school-houses, and whatever other statistical information relating to education they may deem important; and that these committees forward their reports to the Board of Education, on or before the 1st of January, 1848. 5. Resolved, That this whole subject be referred to the Board of Educa- tion, and that the Board is hereby authorized to expend whatever moneys are committed to them for that purpose, in aid of the establishment of Parochial and Presbyterial Schools. 6. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Board of Publication, to make inquiries on the subject of elementary school books, with a view of adapting them, as far as practicable, to a system of religious instruction, and that the Board report on this subject to the next General Assembly." It is a matter of gratitude to the great Head of the Church and of con- gratulation with the friends of Christian education, that the above resolu- tions passed the Assembly unanimously. 28 APPENDIX. ACTION OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. EXTRACTS FROM THE MINUTES. " 1. Resolved, That until otherwise ordered, the business connected with parochial schools be transacted by the Executive Committee of the Board. 2. Resolved, That the correspondence on parochial schools and the funds contributed for this object, be kept distinct from the other correspondence and funds of the Board. 3. Resolved, That circulars to be approved by the Executive Committee be addressed to the Sessions, Presbyteries and Synods of the Church on the subject of parochial schools. 4. Resolved, That the following RULES be adopted to regulate the dis- tribution of funds for the promotion of parochial schools among feeble churches. I. On the organization of the scliool. 1. Every school applying for aid, must be under the care of the Session of a Presbyte- rian church ; and be subject to the general supervision of the Presbytery. 2. In addition to the usual branches of elementary education, the Bible must be used as a text book for daily instruction in religion, and the Shorter Catechism must be taught at least twice a week. 3. The teacher must be a member in good and regular standing of the Presbyterian Church. 4. The school must be opened with prayer and reading of the Bible; and it is suggested that singing, as far as practicable, be taught in the school, and united with the other devo. tional exercises. II. On applications for aid. 1. All applications must be approved by the Presbytery. 2. Such applications must state to the Board of Education what amount has been raised, or is expected to be raised for the salary of the teacher; and what amount is needed from the Board to make up the salary. Also, the probable number of scholars in the school. 3. The application must be renewed annually if necessary, at the spring meeting of Pres- bytery. III. Appropriations. 1. The maximum of appropriations from the Board shall not, in ordinary cases, exceed $75 per annum, and it is expected that in many cases a less amount will be sufficient. 2. An annual deduction will be made on the amount of the appropriation, according to the prosperity of the school. 3. Appropriations will be paid semi-annually ; and not in advance. IV. Relations to the Board of Education. 1. An annual report shall be sent to the Board by the Session of the church, on or before the 1st of March, giving the statistics and describing the general condition of the school. 2. The Session of the church is expected to provide for an annual collection in the congregation for the school extension fund of the Board ; and in order that there may be uniformity, it is suggested that it be on the first Sabbath of October, or on some other Sabbath in that month. 3. The teacher shall receive a copy of the Annual Report of the Board of Education on parochial schools." The Board are now ready to receive applications according to the above rules. APPENDIX. 29 REMARKS ON THE PRECEDING RULES. Most of the rules will commend themselves to those acquainted with our system of conducting benevolent operations. The Bible is the great text book in religion. A lesson in the Bible will naturally form a part of the daily exercises of every school. The plan of committing to memory one verse every day, might be advantageously adopt- ed. The teacher, if able to sing, would do a good service by training the voices of the scholars to engage in this interesting and delightful employment — a part of divine worship now so particularly and generally neglected. The learning of hymns occasionally would be an appropriate exercise in connexion with singing. The Catechism is expected to be taught " at least twice a week." Perhaps many teachers would prefer to hear daily one question, and to have a general review during the week. Each school will arrange the details of its own system of instruction. It is desirable that the minister of the congregation should at least once a week visit the school, in order to supervise its general interests and to exa- mine the children, particularly in religious knowledge. The elders will also, no doubt, consider it their duty and privilege to keep themselves personally acquainted with the state of things in the school. The Board consider it important, for many reasons, that the teacher should be a member of the Presbyterian Church. In regard to the mode of choosing teachers, the minister and elders who are the regular officers of the Church, would properly and of course attend to this duty. The amount of the appropriations made by the Board is from a half to a third of the average salary that will probably be required for female teachers. This is believed to be as high a maximum as is consistent with the wisdom of a general rule. In Connecticut, female teachers receive six or seven dol- lars a month besides their board; and it is common for the teachers to '■'■board roi/nd" in private families. About two-thirds of the common-school teachers in Connecticut " board round." Whilst this practice has the double advan- tage of conforming to the ability of a feeble congregation to sustain a school, and of making the teacher acquainted with parents and children, it has the disadvantage of infringing on the personal liberty of the teacher, and of causing undesirable inconveniences and changes. A more liberal course is to raise a fair salary, and to allow the teacher to board according to private preference. But the other is a good plan in the absence of a better one; and it will no doubt be acted upon according to circumstances. It is exceedingly important for every school to aim at supporting itself. Many of those which require aid from the Board will probably need it only for the first year. Others will need it for several years, diminishing the annual amount required in proportion to their prosperity. In a Church like ours, whose congregations multiply at the rate of seventy or eighty a year, and whose schools should at least increase in the same proportion, the Board can act efficiently only on the general principle of giving less and less to schools already in operation in order to aid more and more those springing up in new and destitute settlements. The operations of the Board, fiscal and general, would be greatly simpli- fied if the plan of the Free Church of Scotland were adopted. By this plan, every congregation on a fixed day takes up a collection for the School scheme, which goes into a general fund. This fund is equally divided among all the schools; and then every congregation may supplement or increase its own share, if necessary, according to circumstances. Education Rooms. 30 APPENDIX. CIRCULAR TO THE SESSIONS OF CHURCHES. To the Minister and Elders of the Church of Education RooMs,>Philadelphia, 1847. Dear Brethren — The General Assembly having committed to the Board of Education the responsibility of a general oversight of parochial schools, we embrace this opportunity of bringing the subject before you in a fraternal and respectful manner. Our object is simply to present the matter in certain aspects for your consideration. We are merely the agents of the Assembly, to call public attention to one of the most important schemes of benevo- lence which the Presbyterian Church in this country has ever attempted to carry into execu- tion. We say " scheme of benevolence," because it is assumed that our church officers and members can confer upon their children no higher good than the advantages and bless- ings of a Christian education. This is emphatically a home enterprise, sacred and tender in its aims, very simple in the means to be employed, and reaching through time into eternity with its results. 1. The first point, Brethren, we ask you to consider, is whether a primary church school cannot be started and supported within your own bounds? A great many congregations, especially those in cities, towns, and villages, might, with the blessing of God, establish a Christian school, whenever they have the mind and the heart to do so. In addressing as we now do every Presbyterian Church in the land, we cannot, of course, adapt our remarks to the circumstances of any one in particular. Whether yours is called to establish a school or not, is not for the Board, under any circumstances, to decide. But we respectfully present the question for your own action, with the remark, that the General Assembly have ex- pressed " their firm conviction that the interests of the Church and the glory of the Redeemer demand that immediate and strenuous efforts be made, as far as practicable by every congre- gation to establish within its bounds one or more primary schools." 2. If your congregation is a feeble one and needs aid in supporting a teacher, the Board of Education are ready to assist according to their ability and in conformity with the rules herewith submitted. As our school funds are comparatively limited, we feel bound to say that your expectation of aid from this quarter must not be very high. We shall endeavour to distribute judiciously and with a view to the greatest good, whatever money the friends of Christ may transmit to the Board for this object. 3. It is proper to say that whilst some teachers may be obtained from abroad, it is wisest and safest for each congregation to endeavour to obtain a teacher within its own bounds or neighbourhood. The Board have already had applications for teachers which they cannot meet. This is the principal difficulty in carrying out the scheme. It is well to start with keeping in view the great principle that every congregation should endeavour to raise up its own teachers. There are many congregations where pious teachers of suitable qualifications to commence a school could even now be found. The Board are fully persuaded that as a general rule, every church must rely upon its own resources in supplying teachers for its schools. The Board will, however, cheerfully aid to the extent of their power in securing teachers where required; and they will sometimes be able undoubtedly to assist in procuring them. 4. The General Assembly having authorized the Board to " expend whatever moneys are committed to them in aid of the establishment of parochial schools," we hope that all our congregations will commit moneys to the Board for this purpose. The feeble churches aided by the Board in establishing schools, are all expected to take up a collection, however small the amount. This is a good example to those churches who are able to support their own schools. No church can exhibit a sweeter token of interest in the general prosperity of our Zion, than by helping the destitute churches, especially in the West, to guard their children from error and to supply them with a Christian education. All the interests of parochial schools, like the other interests of our Church, depend in a very great degree upon the prayers, the enterprise, the perseverance, the faith of the Sessions of our churches. On them rests great responsibility in reference to the present question. The destiny of many a precious child besides your own, dear brethren, will be affected by the views you take and the action you put forth on the subject of parochial schools. May the Lord enable his Church by his Holy Spirit and by his Providence to ascertain and do his will. We are, respectfully and prayerfully, your co-workers in the vineyard of our common Lord. In behalf of the Board. C. Van Rensselaer, Cor. Sccrttary. Alexander Henry, President. APPENDIX. 31 "7 CIRCULAR TO THE PRESBYTERIES. To the Presbytery of Education Rooms, Philadelphia, 1847. Dear Brethren in Christ — In respectfully calling your attention, as the organ of the Assembly, to the Christian education of the rising generation, our apology for so doing is the position which the Presbyterian Church has in the Providence of God taken on this great subject — a position we may say worthy of her ancestry, true and wise for her present interests, and hopeful for her children and her children's children. The system of Christian education by means of primary Church schools and Presbyterial academies was unanimously approved by the representatives of the Presbyteries convened in the General Assembly. The enterprise has thus started under the most favourable auspices. The whole matter will properly come before the Presbytery through the Minutes of the Assembly. When it is brought up, there are certain points, involved in the relations which the Board of Education sustain to this subject, to which the Board as co-workers respectfully solicit attention. 1. The first point is the agency of the Presbytery, according to our rules herewith sub- mitted, in recommending feeble churches to receive a part of the school extension fund. The Board thought it wise to adopt this requirement on the ground of its being in harmony with our Church polity and with our general customs. Demands upon the Church exten- sion fund of the Board of Missions are subject to the decision of the Presbytery; and we trust the Presbytery will approve of this regulation in regard to demands upon the school extension fund. 2. It will also be seen from our rules that the schools of churches aided by the funds of the Board must be subject to the general supervision of the Presbytery. If the teachers employed, or the course of religious instruction adopted in the schools be not satisfactory to the Presbytery, that body ought in the judgment of the Board, to have their common right of review, supervision and general control. This is the plan in the Church of Scotland. 3. The Board suggest the appointment of a committee to be called the Education Com- mittee, who shall attend to the general interests of Christian education within the bounds of the Presbytery, and who shall have the oversight of such matters as may require direction during the interval of the meetings of Presbytery. As it is common in many parts of the Church to appoint an Education Committee for the business of the Board con- nected with candidates for the ministry, it is suggested that the same committee where it exists, attend to these additional duties. Among these duties, is that of preparing statistical information for the Presbytery and for the Church at large, according to the fourth resolu- tion of the Assembly. 4. Another point which the Board anxiously hope the Presbytery will regard with favour is that of collections in their churches for the school extension fund. If the enterprise we are now engaged in prospers with the blessing of God, it must take its place as a regular Church enterprise, and must enlist the hearty co-operation of our ministers, elders, and con- gregations. The same general principle, which gives life to our other schemes must animate this, viz. each congregation must as far as possible provide for itself and help feeble con- gregations. 5. The subject of Presbyterial academies is recommended by the Assembly in their third and fifth resolutions. These academies being, among other uses, nurseries of well qualified teachers, the success of the whole scheme is in a measure connected with their establishment. It is supposed that a male and female academy would be considered desir- able in every Presbytery. As candidates for the ministry would be educated in the male Presbyterial academies, the Board feel a special interest in this department of the enterprise. The Presbytery of Concord have a flourishing institution under their care. The Presbyteries of Tuscaloosa and Luzerne have resolved to establish similar institutions. Every Presby- tery in our Church will no doubt consider this subject carefully and act for the best interests of the kingdom of Christ. Trusting that the suggestions contained in this communication and made in the fraternal spirit of those who have a common interest in this cause, may be favourably received by the Presbytery, We remain, dear brethren, Your fellow labourers for Christ. In behalf of the Board of Education, C. Van Rensselaer, Alexander Henry, Corresponding Secretary. President. J 32 APPENDIX. r SUSTAIN THE SCHOOL EXTENSION ENTERPRISE! The General Assembly having unanimously sanctioned the plan of Christian education by means of Church schools and academies, it now devolves upon the Churches and Presby- { teries to carry it into faithful and energetic operation. A good cause ought to be presecuted with vigour, especially in these days of active effort on the part of opposers of the truth. Our Church has the example of the Free Church of Scotland to stimulate and encourage her in the prosecution of her Education measures. Our brethren in that land have organized a general system of parochial schools, which carry the blessings of education in free and full conjunction with the preaching of the gospel. The General Assembly by their resolutions desire to see this same system equally co-extensive with gospel ordinances in our own country. In order to accomplish this great result, the school extension scheme must be recognized as one of the regular and necessary branches of the benevolent operations of the Presbyterian Church. The large number of our feeble Churches, especially in the West, calls for very consider, able aid in order that this good work may be pushed forward on a scale commensurate with its promise and importance. There is an abundance of pecuniary resources to accomplish all that is aimed at, without in the least degree affecting other objects, or throwing any real burden upon the people. One great difficulty in reaching the resources of our Chuich is supposed to be the want of system. It is a singular and humiliating fact that about one half of our congregations make no contributions to any of our Boards! How strongly in contrast with this is the fact that every congregation in the Free Church of Scotland is reported to have sustained during the last year her benevolent schemes! This difference is owing in part at least, if not principally, to the syste?n which energizes the efforts of Scotland, and to the want of system which paralyzes ours. The following are suggested as reasons for taking up annual collections in our churches for the School-extension fund. 1. Christian education is as important an object as any one to be accomplished by the Church of Christ. The salvation of the soul is directly concerned with early training. 2. If an important object, it ought to be carried forward with vigour. Without means it cannot be. 3. The Church has money enough and to spare. The superfluities of life have not yet been reached by our habits of giving. 4 Parochial schools make an appeal in favour of little children — " the lambs of the flock." "Of such is the kingdom of heaven!" 5. The Free Church of Scotland associates schools with her other religious enterprises. 6. If not exalted to its true rank by the Chuich, this enterprise will lose the impulse necessary for its advancement. It ought to receive from the beginning the homage which is its due. 7. Christian education has permanent claims upon us as parents, as Christians, as patriots, as friends and neighbours — private and public claims that can never pass away. 8. Many feeble churches, especially in the West, cannot support Christian schools without aid, at least at present. The efforts of Romanists at the West can be effectually resisted only by counter efforts on our part. Like the prairie fire, their incendiary attempts can be best overcome by kindling against them in an opposite direction. 9. If the State system levies an annual tax, the Church system ought to receive a free- will offering from all her faithful sons. " Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's." 10. Nothing will tend more to keep alive a public interest in the Church, on the subject of Education, than the annual presentation of this great cause throughout our bounds. 11. " Inasmuch as ye have done it unto the least of these, ye have done it unto me." 12. In heaven no one will regret the assistance rendered in establishing schools, where the Bible and Catechism were daily taught as the basis of the revelations of the saints in glory. Let every Christian aid according to his ability — as " God hath prospered him" — in " feeding the lambs" whom Christ, the great Shepherd, has congregated within the folds of his Church. Let Christian education be henceforth one of our great objects of benevolence ! Presbyterians! shall it not be so? Education Rooms, Phila., 1847. OBJECTS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. It will be borne in mind by the members of our Church that the plans and operations of the Board of Education now include two objects; viz. 1. The promotion of ministerial education by assisting pious and indigent young men in preparing for the Gospel ministry. And 2. The promotion of general education by assisting feeble churches in sustaining Chris- tian schools within their bounds. These objects, though distinct, are harmonious. They belong to the same general depart- ment of Christian effort, and mutually sustain and strengthen each other in the Church of God. The moneys that may be contributed for these two objects will be kept separate. It is not expected that contributions to one fund will to any extent interfere with contributions to the other. The Board have too much faith to suppose that their efforts to organize and sustain parochial schools will diminish the amount of donations to the cause of ministerial education which has so long enjoyed the confidence and support of the Church. This cause must be sustained. The assistance which the Board aims at rendering parochial schools is any thing but a plea to induce our old friends and patrons to cripple the Board in carrying out the original object of their institution. We are persuaded that they will not allow this to be the case. Our collections for the department of ministerial education, instead of being diminished, should be increased this year on account of the increase in the number of our candidates. We respectfully call the attention of the Churches to this fact as an argument for ihem not to fall below last year's mark, but rather to go beyond it. The great work of School-extension must also be carried forward, and with the zeal and liberality of Christians who are convinced of its vast importance. According to the rules of the Board the sum of seventy-Jive dollars is expected to be, on an average, sufficient to enable a feeble congregation to sustain a primary school in connexion with its own resources. Are there not congregations and individuals who will, to that extent, aid the cause of Chris- tian education in the Presbyterian Church? EXTRACTS FROM A REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF 1846. " If there is any period of life in which man receives deep impressions, it is the period of child- hood. If there are any hours of childhood, in which permanent opinions are communicated, the hours spent in school are such. If there is any place, where it is important to inculcate the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, it is the place of daily, common, instruction. And with all our reverence and affection for Sabbath-schools, for which we bless the name of God, we are unwilling to let six days pass by, without a word of Christ, however faithfully he may be held forth to our offspring on the seventh." "There is nothing which, under God's blessing, promises so much for the sustentation of our covenanted truth, as schools, Presbyterian schools, thorough-paced and above-boaid; Buch schools as shall, every day in the week, direct the infant mind, not only to a meagre natural religion, but to the whole round of gracious truth, as it is in Christ Jesus. The principles herein asserted are not new among us; but it is high time that we should carry our principles into action." TEACHERS. The Board of Education will, in all probability, have applications from Churches to assist in supplying ihem with teachers. Whilst they do not encourage such applications, from the belief that the most reliable method is for every congregation or Presbytery to raise up teachers within iheir own bounds, they wi'l nevertheless do what they can to answer these demands. They embrace this occasion to invite Christian teachers who are willing to take charge of Church schools according to the rules on page 29, to send the necessary informa- tion to the Office of the Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church, No. 25, Sausom street, Philadelphia. Communications will receive attention. LEGACIES. [It is admitted to be the duty of every one, as the steward of God, to use the property committed to him, so as to promote the glory of God and the salvation of men in the most effectual manner while he yet lives. There may be circumstances however, which may prevent persons from dividing their estate during their lifetime, but when it comes to be finally disposed of, and accounts balanced for this world and i he next, there may be many to say, " Let the cause of Christ be my heir" or at least " one of my heirs" To meet the views of such, the following form has been prepared.] DEVISE OR BEQUEST. I give and devise to the Trustees of the Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, the sum of , to be applied by said Board to the Education of pious and indigent Young Men for the Gospel Ministry, or for the support of Christian schools within the bounds of the Presby- terian Church. When bequests are made to the Board of Education, let the foregoing form be observed. Legacies are often lost to the cause which the testator designs to aid, by a defect in the will. When veal estate or other property is given, let it be particularly described. SCHOOL EXTENSION FUNDS. The Board of Education have now on hand three thousand dollars for the sup- port of parochial schools among feeble churches. They invite donations from indi- viduals and collections from churches to increase their school-extension fund. Large resources will be necessary in order to carry on with vigour this important branch of our operations. We trust that the churches will receive with favour this interest- ing and additional claim upon their benevolence ; and that whilst those who have the means will organize, if possible, parochial schools of their own, they will also assist the feeble in doing the same good work. July, 1847. Ten thousand copies of the Report on parochial schools have been printed for gratuitous distribution, by means of a special donation. A copy will be sent to every minister, licentiate, end candidate for the ministry in the Presbyterian Church, and also to every ruling elder, as far as practicable. In most cases, copies for the elders will be sent in parcels, to the post-office address of the minister, who will please to distribute them. ••'•>rii-ri.-:^.r.;r.^^^ ■ /. ■ . MINUTES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES OE AMERICA WITH AN APPENDIX, ¥©3L II, A. D. 1847. PHILADELPHIA : PUBLISHED BY THE STATED CLERK OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. PRINTED BY WILLIAM S. MARTIEN. 1847. CONTENTS. I. Minutes of the General Assembly. .... 369 II. Appendix — Narrative of the State of Religion. . 406 III. Reports of Delegates to Corresponding Bodies . . . 409 IV. Reports of Theological Seminaries. . . . 412 V. Report of Treasurer of the General Assembly. . . 424 VI. List of Moderators and Stated and Permanent Clerks. 428, 429 VII. General View of Synods. .... 430 VIII. Presbyterial Statistical Tables. .... 432 IX. Aggregate of Presbyterial Reports for 1847. . . 527 X. General View . . . . . .531 XI. Abstracts of Reports of the Boards of the Church. . 532 XII. Notices to Stated Clerks of Presbyteries, Synods, &c. . 545 XIII. Form of Presbyterial Report to the General Assembly. 546 XIV. Form of Bequests. ...... 547 XV. Index. ... ... 548 ERRATUM. On p. 431. Synod of Virginia, instead of 1081— read, 10,081 communicants. INSTITUTIONS AND OFFICERS Of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in United States of America. CLERKS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Rev. Willis Lord, Stated Clerk. Office No. 37 South Seventh street Philadelphia. Robert Davidson, D. D., Permanent Clerk, New Brunswick, New Jersey. TRUSTEES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Matthew Newkirk, Esq., Treasurer. Office No 80 Walnut street, Philadelphia. BOARD OF DOMESTIC MISSIONS. William A. McDowell, D. D., Corresponding Secretary and General Agent. Office No. 25 Sansom street, Philadelphia. William D. Snyder, Treasurer. Office No. 25 Sansom street Phila- delphia. BOARD OF EDUCATION. Rev. Cortlandt Van Rensselaer, D. D. Corresponding Secretary. Office No 25 Sansom street, Philadelphia. Joseph B. Mitchell, Esq., Treasurer. Address Mechanics' Bank, Phila- delphia. BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. Walter Lowrie, Esq., Corresponding Secretary, Mission House, corner of Centre and Reade streets, New York. Rev. Daniel Wells, Treasurer, Mission House, corner of Centre and Reade streets, New York. BOARD OF PUBLICATION. Mr. Joseph P. Engles, Publishing Agent. Office and Store at the cor- ner of George and Seventh streets, Philadelphia. A. W. Mitchell, M.D., Treasurer. Office corner of George and Sev- enth streets, Philadelphia. MINISTERS' AND WIDOWS' FUND. Corporation for the Relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian Ministers, and poor and distressed Widows and Children of Presbyterian Ministers. R. M. Patterson, M.D., Treasurer, United States Mint, Philadelphia. CHURCH EXTENSION COMMITTEE. C. C. Cuyler, D.D., Chairman, Rev. Wm. A. McDowell, D. D., Robert Soutter, A. W. Mitchell. M.D., A. Symington. Address, Office of the Board of Missions, No. 25 Sansom street Philadel- phia. MINUTES. &c. RICHMOND, May 20, 1847. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America met, agreeably to appointment, in the First Presbyterian Church in the city of Richmond, on Thursday the twentieth of May, in the year of our Lord 1847, at eleven o'clock, A. M.; and was opened wilh a sermon by the Rev. Charles Hodge, D. D., Moderator of the last Assembly, from 1 Cor. ix. 14, " Even so hath the Lord ordained, that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel." After the sermon, the Moderator took the chair, and opened the sessions with prayer. The Permanent Clerk, from the Standing Committee on Commissions, re- ported that the following persons present* had been duly appointed, and are hereby enrolled as Commissioners to this General Assembly; and their com- missions were laid on the table accordingly, viz. I. OF THE SYNOD OF ALBANY. PRESBYTERIES. Londonderry, Troy, Albany, Columbia, Ogdensburgh. Steuben, Wyoming. Buffalo City. Hudson, North River, Bedford, Long Island, New York, Nevj York, 2d. MINISTERS. J. M. C. Bartley. Joseph B. Eastman, Alexander Proudfit, Albert T. Chester. J. J. Buck. RULING ELDERS. Harvey Valentine. S. C. Jackson. II. OF THE SYNOD OF BUFFALO. E. H. Reinhart, Anson P. Waterman. III. OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK. James D. Bull. James Petrie, Samuel H. Jagger, Joseph Nimmo, James S. Evans. Wm. D. Snodgrass, D. D. John C. Lowrie, Hugh S. Carpenter. Benjamin Tyler. Thomas R. Lee. (2) James H. Reeve. James T. Soulier. * A figure affixed to a name denotes the day of the member's appearance and enrolment. Vol. XI.— 39 370 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. IV. OF THE SYNOD OF NEW JERSEY. PEESBYTERIES. Elizabethtown, New Brunswick, West Jersey, Newton, Raritan, Susquehanna, Luzerne, V. Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 2d. Newcastle, Donegal, Baltimore, Carlisle, Huntingdon, Northumberland, MINISTERS. Wm. H. Hornblower. Wm. B. Barton. Charles Hodge, D. D. Jacob J. Janeway, D. D. Jacob W. E. Ker, D. X. Junkin, John Gray, D. D. J. H. Sherwood, Samuel F. Colt, Thomas P. Hunt. RULING ELDERS, Francis A. Ewing, M. D. Samuel M. Hamill, (6) P. F. Eilenberger. Thomas McKeen. A. W. Dunham. OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. Thomas L. Janeway, James M. Harlow, Samuel L. Gailey, Stephen Boyer, John P. Carter, Robert T. Berry, James C. Watson, O. O. McClean, John Peebles, James S. Woods, John P. Hudson, Blairsville, Redstone, Ohio, Alleghany, Beaver, Erie, Clarion, Washington, St. Clairsville, Steubenville, New Lisbon, Columbus, Marion, Zanesville, Richland, Wooster, Coshocton, Hocking, Chilicothe, Miami, Cincinnati, Oxford, Sidney, Maumee. VI. OF THE SYNOD OF John Caruthers, Anderson B. Quay, James Davis, E. P. Swift, D. D. Samuel Fulton, Loyal Young. Isaac M. Cook, James Coulter. James Montgomery. James N. Dickson. Isaac Vanarsdalen. Samuel Ross. E. M. Donnaldson. J. N. Brown, James McVean. (4) Andrew L. Coyle. (2) John Boggs, M. D. (3) John Ker, Hugh Alexander. Samuel Brugler. PITTSBURGH. Robert Carothers. Thomas Laughlin. Hugh Campbell, M. D. Luke Loomis. Richard Donaldson. John Carothers. VII. OF THE SYNOD OF WHEELING. James Fleming, James McFerne, James Kerr, John Lyle. Wm. T. Adams, A. O. Patterson, D. D. John S. Hunter. VIII. OF THE SYNOD OF OHIO. Thomas Moodie. Hon. Wm. Cooper. James Hoge, D. D. (3) P. R. Vanatta. M. M. Brown, John Robinson. Wm. McCandlish. Philo M. Semple. Moses A. Hoge. IX. OF THE SYNOD OF CINCINNATI. Thomas Wood row, John B. Morton, Sayrs Gazlay, Thomas Whallon, J. L. Belville. John M. Johnston.(2) H. L. Brown. James Johnston. N. H. Raymond. A. D. 1847.] PRESBYTERIES. Salem, Vincennes, Madison, Craw/ordsville, Indianapolis, GENERAL ASSEMBLY. X. OF THE SYNOD OF INDIANA. 371 MINISTERS. Henry H. Cambern, C. K. Thompson. J. B. Crowe. Wm. F. Ferguson.(3) Robert Irwin. RULING ELDERS. T. V. Thornton. XI. OF THE SYNOD OF NORTHERN INDIANA. Logansport, Michigan, Lake, Fort Wayne. Kaskaskia. Sangamon. Schuyler, Palestine. Peoria, Iowa, Rock River. Wisconsin, Missouri. St. Louis, Palmyra, Potosi, Upper Missouri. Edward W. Wright. P. H. Burghardt. Robert R. Wells. XII. OF THE SYNOD OF ILLINOIS. Thomas S. Vaill. Robert Steel. (2) F. A. Pratt. Aaron L. Lindsley. XIII. OF THE SYNOD OF MISSOURI. Thomas Watson. Andrew Greenlee. Asahel Munson, Milton L. Cayce. (2) XIV. OF THE SYNOD OF KENTUCKY. Louisville, Muhlenburg, Transylvania, West Lexington, Ebenezer, Bowling Green, John D. Paxton, D.D. Fielding N. Ewing. A. A. Hogue, (2) Jacob F. Price, Ralph Harris. (3) B. D. Thomas. Wm. Bell. Hogh Hays. Waller Bullock. XV. OF THE SYNOD OF VIRGINIA. Greenbrier, Lexington, Winchester, West Hanover, East Hanover, Montgomery, Enoch Thomas. James Morrison, W. M. Atkinson, D.D.(4)* Patrick J. Sparrow, D.D. James M. Allen, Theodoric Pryor, Robert C. Graham, David Gilkeson. Wm. H. White. F. B. Watkins. Lilburn R. Railey. A. G. Mcllwaine. William Wade. XVL OF THE SYNOD OF NORTH CAROLINA. Orange, Fayetteville, Concord, A. G. Hughes, Thomas Lynch, Evander McNair, Archibald D. Campbell, W. W. Pharr, E. F. Rockwell. James Garland. Richard V. Watkins.(2) Robert W. Gibbs. Alex. D. McLean. Charles W. Harris. * The Rev. Thomas B. Balch on the fifth day took the seat resigned by Dr. Atkinson, agreeably to a special vote of the Assembly. 372 MINUTES OF THE [A.D. 1847. XVII. OF THE SYNOD OF WEST TENNESSEE. PRESBYTERIES. Holston. West Tennessee, Nashville, Western District, Knoxville, XVIII. OF South Carolina, Bethel, Harmony, Char lest 071, MINISTERS. S. A. Hodgeman. Jesse W. Hume, P. R. Bland. A. A. Mathes. RULING ELDERS. A. W. Putnam. XIX. Georgia, Hopewell, Flint River, Florida. Cherokee, South Alabama, Thiscaloosa, East Alabama, THE SYNOD OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Thomas L. McBryde, Abraham Walker. Win, P. Harrison, Francis H. Simril. Win. M. Reid, Samuel E. Wilson. J. H. Thornwell, D.D. G. T. Snowden. OF THE SYNOD OF GEORGIA. Charles C. Jones, D.D. H. A. Crane.(2) N. Hoyt, D.D. Henry Merrell. Win. M. Cunningham. A. Y. Lockridge, C. J. Hooper. XX. OF THE SYNOD OF ALABAMA. D. C. Houston. John P. Kerr. Norman McLeod. Wm. M. Smythe, Robert H. Chapman, Wm. H. Mitchell, Mississippi, Louisiana, Clinton, Tombeckbee. Chickasaw. Arkansas. Indian, Brazos, P. A. Walker. XXI. OF THE SYNOD OF MISSISSIPPI. Jerem. Chamberlain, D.D. E. R. Beadle,(2) Archy B. Lawrence. Angus McCallum. Samuel I. Reid. J. W. Miller. XXII. OF THE SYNOD OF NORTHERN INDIA, In connexion with the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. Lodiana. Furrukhabad, Henry R. Wilson. Allahabad. DELEGATES FROM CORRESPONDING BODIES. General Association of Connecticut. Evangelical Consocia- tion of Rhode Island. General Association of Massachusetts. General Convention of Vermont. General Conference of New Hampshire. General Conference of Maine. General Synod of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church. General Synod of the German Reformed Church. Rev. D. L. Partnelee. I > Rev. Harvey F. Leavitt. Rev. Jacob Schoonmaker, D.D, A.D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 373 The Committee further reported that Mr. William H. White, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Winchester, was present without a commission. The Stated Clerk reported that he had received official information of the organization of the Presbytery of Rock River by the Synod of Illinois, and of the Presbytery of Knoxville by the Synod of West Tennessee, whereupon it was on motion, Resolved, That the said Presbyteries be enrolled accordingly, and the Commissioners therefrom be admitted to then. - seats. On motion, Messrs. Barton, Patterson, Watson, and Morrison, Ministers, and Mcllwaine, and Evving, Ruling Elders, were appointed a Committee of Elections, to whom may be referred all defective commissions. The Rev. James H. Thornwell, D.D., was elected Moderator, and the Rev. Patrick J. Sparrow, D.D., Temporary Clerk. On motion, the reading of the Rules was dispensed with. On motion, Resolved, That this Assembly, during its present sessions, meet at nine o'clock, A. M., and adjourn at one o'clock, P. M. ; and meet at four, P. M., and adjourn at six, P. M. And then the Assembly adjourned until four o'clock this afternoon. Closed with prayer. THURSDAY Afterx\oon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The Committee on Commissions reported the following additional Commis- sioners, who were enrolled, viz. Harvey Valentine, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Troy ; James Petrie, Minister, from the Presbytery of Hud- son ; Samuel Ross, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Newcastle ; John P. Hudson, Minister, and Samuel Brugler, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Northumberland ; A. A. Mathes, Minister, from the Presbytery of Knox- ville ; J. J. Buck, Minister, from the Presbytery of Columbia; Jacob W. E. Ker, from the Presbytery of West Jersey ; and the Rev. Jacob Schoon- maker, a Delegate, from the General Synod of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church. The minutes of the morning were read and approved. The Committee on Elections reported, [recommending that William H. White, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Winchester, be admitted to a seat, satisfactory evidence having been received of his election ; and their report was adopted. Five hundred copies of the Roll were ordered to be printed for the use of the members. The reports of the Delegates to the General Convention of Vermont, the General Association of Connecticut, and the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church, were read, and ordered to be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. The Docket was then read, and the several items called up. Two volumes of Minutes of the General Assembly from 1789 to 1820, were presented by the Board of Publication through the hands of the Stated Clerk. On motion, it was Resolved, That the same order be observed in hearing the reports of the different Boards as was observed last year; viz. The Report of the Board of Foreign Missions is made the order of the day for 10 o'clock next Monday morning. The Report of the Board of Domestic Missions, for 10 o'clock next Tues- day morning. The Report of the Board of Education, for 10 o'clock next Wednesday morning. 39* 374 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. The Report of the Board of Publication, for 10 o'clock next Thursday morning. A communication was read from the Rector and Vestry of St. James's church, offering the use of said church for religious services, at the pleasure of the Assembly. On motion, Resolved, That the Christian courtesy of the tender be acknowledged, and the matter be referred to the Committee on Devotional Exercises. On motion, it was made the order of the day for 4 o'clock to-morrow after- noon, to hand in the Narratives of the State of Religion. The Report of the Directors of the Western Theological Seminary was read, and referred to a committee consisting of Messrs. Swift, John Young, Caruthers, Loomis, and Donaldson. On motion, it was made the order of the day for 10 o'clock to-morrow morning, to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors of the Western Theolo- gical Seminary. The subject of a new Presbytery to be erected out of parts of the Presby- teries of Washington, Greenbrier, and Redstone, referred to this Assembly from the last, was, on motion, committed to the Commissioners of said Pres- byteries. The judicial case referred to this Assembly from the last, viz. the Com- plaint of Messrs. Young and Coulter against the Synod of Pittsburgh, was dismissed, information having been given that the matter had been satisfac- torily adjusted. The Assembly then proceeded to determine the place of meeting of the next General Assembly, and it was agreed that the next Assembly meet in the First Presbyterian church in the city of Baltimore. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. FRIDAY Morning, May 21st. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. On motion, it was Resolved, That the calling of the Roll be in future dispensed with. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Commissions reported the following additional Com- missioners ; viz. Thomas R. Lee, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Bed- ford ; Robert Steel, Minister, from the Presbytery of Peoria ; Thomas P. Hunt, Minister, from the Presbytery of Luzerne ; E. R. Beadle, Minister, from the Presbytery of Louisiana ; Andrew L. Coyle, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Carlisle ; A. A. Hogue, Minister, from the Presbytery of Transylvania; John M. Johnston, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Chilicothe; Richard V. Watkins, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Orange ; H. A. Crane, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Georgia. The Committee on Elections reported that Milton L. Cayce, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Potosi, had furnished satisfactory evidence of his election as a Commissioner, and recommended his enrolment ; and their re- port was adopted. The Moderator announced the appointment of the following Committees, viz : On Bills and Overtures. — Messrs. Hodge, Pryor, Patterson, Hoyt, Law- rence, Price, McCandlish, Chapman, Snowden, Johnston, Ewing, Thornton, Campbell, Houston, and Reeve. Judicial Committee. — Messrs. J. J. Janeway, Paxton, Swift, Junkin, Mor- A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 375 rison,Gazlay, W. M. Reid, Cooper, Bullock, Walker, Mclhvaine, Robert, Ca- rothers, and John P. Ker. On Foreign Correspondence. — Messrs. Jones, T. L. Janeway, Chamber- lain, Gilkeson, and E. M. Donaldson. On the Narrative. — Messrs. Snodgrass, Chester, McNair, Waterman, and J. N. Brown. On Leave of Absence. — Messrs. Proudfit, Watson, Harrison, Wilson, and Loomis. On Mileage. — Messrs. Snowden, Raymond, and Watkins. On Finance. — Messrs. Dixon, Merrell, Ross, and Garland. On Devotional Exercises. — Messrs. Gray, Lowrie, McBryde, Simril, and Tyler. The following Committees were appointed on Synodical Records, viz. Albany. — Messrs. Beadle, Hume, and Hays. Buffalo. — Messrs. McCallum, Pharr, and Wade. New York. — Messrs. Cunningham, R. C. Graham, and McFerren. New Jersey. — Messrs. Boyer, Whallon, and Lyle. Philadelphia. — Messrs. Moses A. Hoge, Carpenter, and Jackson. Pittsburgh. — Messrs. Cambern, Berry, and Bell. Wheeling. — Messrs. Harlow, Wood row, and Vanarsdalen. Ohio. — Messrs. Irwin, Vaill, and Alexander. Cincinnati. — Messrs. Gailey, Berghardt, and Laughlin. Indiana. — Messrs. Vanatta, James Ker, and Brugler. Northern Indiana. — Messrs. L. Young, Bellville, and Richard Donaldson. Illinois. — Messrs. Adams, Crowe, and Dunham. Missouri. — Messrs. Robinson, Montgomery, and Hunter. Kentucky. — Messrs. Hudson, Semple, and Moodie. Virginia. — Messrs. Mitchell, S. J. Reid, and A. D. McLean. North Carolina. — Messrs. Bellville, Miller, and White. West Tennessee. — Messrs. Quay, C. K. Thompson, and Lee. South Carolina. — Messrs. Watson, Morton, and Eilenberger. Georgia. — Messrs. Allen, Rockwell, and McLeod. Alabama. — Messrs. Lynch, Bland, and Putman. Mississippi. — Messrs. E. Thomas, Hughes, and Hooper. Several copies of the Minutes of the General Synod of the Reformed Pro- testant Dutch Church, presented by that body to this Assembly, were laid on the table by the Permanent Clerk. The Report of the Delegate to the General Synod of the German Reformed Church was read, and ordered to be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. A communication from the Board of Trustees of the General Assembly, announcing the decease of the Rev. William Latta, D. D. a member of the Board, was read, and referred to a committee consisting of Messrs. Hunt, Harlow, and Ross, to draft a suitable minute. Matthew Newkirk, Esq. Treasurer of the Board of Trustees of the Gene- ral Assembly, read his report, which was referred to the Committee on Fi- nance. A complaint of the Rev. James Smylie against the Presbytery of Louis- iana, and the Synod of Mississippi, was received and referred to the Judicial Committee. Certain Overtures from the Presbytery of Luzerne, were received and refer- red to the Committee on Bills and Overtures. Letters from the General Assembly of the Church of Ireland, and the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, were presented by the Stated Clerk, and referred to the Committee on Foreign Correspondence. 376 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1647. Several memorials on the subject of a Theological Seminary, were re- ceived and referred to the Committee on Bills and Overtures. An appeal of the Rev. C. Nicholl from a decision of the Presbytery of Michigan, was referred to the Judicial Committee. The Report of the delegate to the General Conference of Maine was read, and ordered to be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. The order of the day having arrived the Assembly proceeded to elect Di- rectors for the Western Theological Seminary. Messrs. Campbell and Price were appointed to receive and count the ballots, when it appeared that the following persons were elected, viz. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Rev. Charles C. Beatty, D. D. Harmar Denny, Rev. Samuel McFarren, D. D. Malcolm Leech, Rev. Loyal Young, J. Schoonmaker. Rev. Richard Lea, Rev. H. Comingo, Rev. J. Stoneroad, Rev. George Hill, Rev. George Marshall, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of the Rev. Robert Dunlap. The subject of the Demission of the Pastoral Office, referred from the last Assembly, was committed to Messrs. Junkin, Pryor, Hoyt, Bullock, and Snowden, to report thereon to this Assembly. Messrs. Morrison, Gray, and Ewing, were appointed a committee to nomi- nate delegates to corresponding bodies. The committee on a new Presbytery to be formed out of parts of Green- brier, Washington, and Redstone, reported, recommending an indefinite post- ponement, and their report was adopted. The subject of the formation of a new Synod out of parts of the Presby- teries of Nashville, West Tennessee, and Muhlenburg, referred to this Assem- bly by the last, was called up, and there being no report from those Presby- teries, was dismissed. The subject of the formation of a new Synod, composed of the Presbyteries of Western District, Chickasaw, Arkansas, and Indian, to be called the Synod of Memphis, referred to this Assembly by the last, was called up, and committed to Messrs. Hume, Bland, Hodgeman, Putnam, and Walker, to report thereon. The memorial of the Presbytery of Louisiana on the power of Synods to order meetings of Presbyteries, referred to this Assembly by the last, was taken up, and committed to the Committee of Bills and Overtures. The report of the Directors of the Union Theological Seminary was read, and referred to Messrs. Robert C. Graham, Pharr, and Harris. The following resolution was offered, viz. Resolved, That the monies reported by the different Presbyteries designa- ted as the Commissioners' Fund, be distributed in accordance with the origi- nal design of raising such monies, and be apportioned to all the delegates of the Assembly who shall claim them, in proportion to the distance travelled. A substitute was offered for this resolution, and after discussion, the whole subject was indefinitely postponed. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. FRIDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Bills and Overtures reported Overture No. 1. An A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 377 overture from the Synod of New Jersey, respecting the appointment of a separate Board for the establishment of Parochial Schools, or a reference of the subject to the Board of Education. The Committee recommended the following resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That as it appears from page 216 of the Minutes of the last Assembly, this whole subject was committed to the Board of Education, no further action is at this time called for in relation to it. Overture No. 2. Memorials from several Presbyteries in reference to the removal of the Western Theological Seminary from its present location to New Albany. The Committee recommended the following resolution which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That it is inexpedient for the Assembly to take any action on this subject. Overture No. 3. Memorials from the Presbytery of St. Louis respecting the German population within their bounds, and requesting that the General Assembly would " empower the Board of Missions to open a correspondence with ministers or missionary societies in Germany, of approved piety and sound doctrinal views, with reference to the practicability of obtaining suita- ble ministers to labour under their care amongst the German population of our country; and that they be empowered to employ any foreign minister as a missionary so soon as he shall have been regularly received as a proba- tioner and recommended by any one of our Presbyteries." The Committee recommended the following resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That it is not expedient for the Assembly to grant to the Board of Missions the authority prayed for in their behalf, in the above memorial by the Presbytery of St. Louis. Overture No. 4. An overture from the Presbytery of Miami, inquiring, " where one minister is supplying two congregations, in one of which he la- bours as installed pastor and in the other as stated supply, has each of these congregations a right to be represented by a ruling elder at the same meeting of Presbytery?" The Committee recommended the following resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That the question be answered in the affirmative. Overture No. 5. An overture from the Synod of Mississippi, asking "When two or more congregations have separately called one and the same minister to become the pastor of each church, and he accepts these calls, and is installed over these congregations as pastor, are these churches entitled to one or more elders to represent them in Presbytery?" The Com- mittee recommended the following resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That the question be answered in the negative. The Committee appointed to draft a minute in reference to the death of the Rev. Dr. Latta, reported the following, which was approved, viz. " While the Assembly acknowledge the apparent loss of the church mili- tant in the decease of the Rev. William Latta, D.D., they would rejoice, that from the purity, loveliness, and faithfulness exhibited in his life ; the pru- dence, humility, and firmness by which he secured the confidence of the church and congregation in which he laboured so successfully as settled pas- tor, for nearly half a century, (from 1798 to 1847); and from his signally triumphant death, there is abundant reason to believe that he has been re- moved to a higher sphere of duty and employment in the presence of God and the Lamb. " Resolved further, That a certified copy of the above minute be sent to the family of the deceased." Agreeably to the order of the day, the Narratives on the State of Religion were handed in. 378 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. A request of the Synod of Pittsburgh desiring to have a discrepancy be- tween the written record entered on their minutes in 1843, and the printed minutes of the same year, was referred to the Stated Clerk for adjustment. The Committee on the formation of a new Synod reported, and their re- port was adopted, and is as follows : viz. The Committee on the formation of a new Synod to be composed of the Presbyteries of Western District, Chickasaw, Arkansas, and Indian, referred by the last General Assembly to the Synods of West Tennessee and Missis- sippi, report, that agreeably to the direction of that Assembly, the reports of the said Synods have been sent up, and that both Synods, as well as all the Presbyteries concerned, are favourable to the proposed arrangement. The Committee therefore recommend the adoption of the following resolutions, viz. 1. Resolved, That a new Synod be and hereby is erected, to be called the Synod of Memphis, and to be composed of the Presbyteries of Western Dis- trict, Chickasaw, Arkansas, and Indian. 2. Resolved, That the Synod of Memphis hold its first meeting in Mem- phis, Tennessee, on the third Thursday of October, 1847, at seven o'clock, P. M., and be opened with a sermon by the Rev. G. W. Coons, or in case of his absence or inability to act, by the oldest minister present, who shall pre- side until a Moderator be chosen. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. SATURDAY Morning, May 22. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Commissions reported the following additional Commis- sioners, viz. William F.Ferguson, Minister, from the Presbytery of Crawfords- ville ; James Hoge, D.D., Minister, from the Presbytery of Columbus ; John Boggs, M.D., Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of Carlisle; Ralph Harris, Minister, from the Presbytery of Ebenezer. The Committee on Bills and Overtures, reported Overture No. 6. A re- quest from the Presbyteries of Greenbrier and Western District, that the Assembly would send down to the Presbyteries some overture with the de- sign of reducing the number of delegates to this body; and a request from the Presbytery of Zanesville, that the plan of Synodical delegates should be submitted to the Presbyteries. The Committee recommended the following resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That it is not expedient to refer to the Presbyteries any measure having for its object the alteration of the existing ratio of representation. Overture No. 7. A Memorial from the Presbytery of Baltimore, request- ing the Assembly to appoint a large committee to take into consideration the propriety of devising and executing some plan for the erection of a place of worship in the city of Washington. The Committee recommended the fol- lowing resolution, which was adopted, viz. Resolved, That the prayer of this memorial be granted, and that a com- mittee be appointed to whom the papers relating to this subject shall be re- ferred. Overture No. 8. Memorials from the Synods of Pittsburg and Wheeling, relating to Christian Union. The Committee recommended that these memo- rials be placed on the docket, which was done. The Committee appointed by the last Assembly to report to the present on the right of judicatories to appoint judicial commissions, reported through A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 379 their chairman, Dr. Hodge; and the report was made the order of the day for Monday afternoon, at 4 o'clock. The Board of Education, appointed by the last Assembly to report from time to time on the subject of Parochial Schools, reported through their Cor- responding Secretary, Dr. Van Rensselaer ; and their report was referred to a special committee, consisting of Drs. Hodge, Jones, and Janeway, and Messrs. Snowden and Mcllwaine. The committee on nominating delegates to foreign ecclesiastical bodies, submitted the following nominations, which were confirmed by the Assem- bly, viz. To the General Association of Connecticut. — Rev. Robert Davidson, D. D., principal; and Rev. A. B. Lawrence, alternate. To the Evangelical Consociation of Rhode Island. — Rev. Sayrs Gazlay, principal; and Rev. T. S. Vaill, alternate. To the General Association of Massachusetts. — Rev. D. X. Junkin, prin- cipal; and Rev. Ellbridge Bradbury, alternate. To the General Association of New Hampshire. — Rev. Robert Steel, D. D. principal; and Rev. Rufus Taylor, alternate. To the General Convention of Vermont. — Rev. B. M. Smith, principal ; and Rev. S. I. Prime, alternate. To the General Conference of Maine. — Rev. Thomas B. Bradford, prin- cipal; and Rev. Jonathan Greenleaf, alternate. To the General Synod of the Protestant Reformed Dutch Church. — Rev. David Elliott, principal; and Rev. John Hall, alternate. To the General Synod of the German Reformed Church. — Rev. Thomas L. Janeway, principal; and Rev. Willis Lord, alternate. The Judicial Committee reported case No. 3, as in order; and the consi- deration of it was made the order of the day for next Tuesday afternoon, at four o'clock. The committee on the report of the Directors of the Union Theological Seminary, reported, recommending its approval, and publication in the Appendix to the Minutes. The Rev. D. L. Parmelee, delegate from the General Association of Con- necticut, and the Rev. Jacob Schoonmaker, D. D., delegate from the Reformed Dutch Church, made statements in regard to the state of religion within the bounds of those respective bodies. The Committee on Devotional Exercises, reported, recommending that a prayer meeting be held by the Assembly, on the afternoon of Wednesday next, at four o'clock, and that the following be the order of exercises, viz. 1. A statement of the object of the meeting and invocation, by the Mode- rator. 2. Reading of the Scriptures and Psalmody, by the Rev. James Morrison. 3. Address by Rev. Dr. Hoge. 4. Prayer, by the Rev. Dr. Janeway. 5. Address, by the Rev. Mr. Leavitt. 6. Psalmody, by the Rev. Jacob F. Price. 7. Prayer, by the Rev. Dr. Hoyt. 8. Psalmody and Benediction, by the Rev. Dr. Jones. The Committee further reported, that, agreeably to request, they have appointed supplies for the following churches, First, Second, Fourth, and Grace-street Baptist churches ; Centennary, Asbury, Trinity, and Manches- ter, Methodist Episcopal churches; United, Pole Green, Rocketts, First and Second Presbyterian churches; and St. James, Protestant Episcopal church. They also recommended that the Sermon on Popery, ordered by the last Assembly, be preached in this church on Wednesday night, by the Rev. Dr. 380 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. Thornwell. 2. That the Rev. Thomas P. Hunt preach in this church this evening, on the subject of temperance. 3. That during the next week, in order to meet the desires of the Christian community and visitors, divine worship be celebrated daily, either at 11 o'clock, A. M., or A\, P. M. alter- nating between the United Presbyterian and St. James Episcopal churches, which have been kindly proffered for that purpose. 4. The Committee fur- ther suggested the propriety of the Assembly's celebration of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper in this church, on the morning of Sabbath, the 30th instant. All which was approved. The Stated and Permanent Clerks, to whom was referred by the last Assembly, the overture from West Hanover Presbytery, respecting the sta- tistical tables, reported as follows, viz. That they are unable to devise any plan which in theory can be better than that we have in our ecclesiastical organization. If church Sessions and Presbyteries will perform their duties in the matter, our statistics will be accu- rate and complete; if they will not, this desirable object cannot be attained by any method the committee can suggest. The committee, however, think it would be useful, should the Assembly direct the Slated Clerks of Presby- teries, where churches omit to report the number of their communicants at any time, to insert in the Presbyterial statistics, the number in the last reports of such churches. The report was adopted. The Moderator announced the following committee on Overture No. 7, the erection of a church in the city of Washington, viz. Drs. Snodgrass and Swift, and Messrs. Pryor, J. N. Brown, and Dickson. The majority of the Committee on the Records of Pittsburgh presented a report, which was received and laid on the table. Overture No. 8, on Christian Union, was taken up, and referred to a select committee, consisting of Drs. Hoge and Paxton, and Messrs. Allen, Houston, and Ewing. The committee appointed on the records of the Synod of Albany, reported, that they have examined the same, and do not find them kept as correctly and neatly as such important records should be. Important words are some- times omitted, and frequent interlineations and erasures occur; with these exceptions, the committee recommended approval to bottom of page 249. The report was adopted. The Committee on the records of the Synod of Illinois, reported that they are not present, and were discharged. And then the Assembly adjourned till Monday morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with praise aud prayer. MONDAY Morning, May 24. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Commissions reported as an additional Commissioner, James McVean, ruling elder, from the Presbytery of Baltimore. The Committees on the records of the Synods of New York and of New Jersey reported, recommending approval, and their reports were adopted. The Committee on the records of the Synod of Missouri reported, and their report was adopted, and is as follows, viz. " The Committee on the minutes of the Synod of Missouri report, that these records are neatly kept, and with the following remarks recommend A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 391 that they be approved. 1. The pages are not numbered. 2. Too many- words are abbreviated. 3. An important omission of the Clerk is merely sealed in upon a separate slip of paper, which will inevitably be ultimately lost." The Reports of the Directors and Trustees of the Theological Seminary at Princeton were read, and referred to a committee consisting of Messrs. Berrv, Ilornblower, and McVean. The minority report of the Committee on the Records of the Synod of Pittsburgh was read and laid on the table. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Wheeling reported, recom- mending their approval; and the report was adopted. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Ohio reported as follows, viz. " That they are not as carefully and neatly kept as they should be. Fre- quent interlineations and erasures occur. With these exceptions we recom- mend their approval." The report was adopted. The Judicial Committee reported Case No. 2, which was received and laid on the table. The order of the day having arrived, the Report of the Board of Foreign Missions was presented, and referred to a committee consisting of Messrs. Patterson, Wilson, and Harris. The Committee on Demissions reported, and on motion their report was recommitted with instructions; Dr. Hoge being added to the committee. The reports on the Records of the Synod of Pittsburgh were taken up and read. The majority report is as follows, viz. " The committee to whom the minutes of the Synod of Pittsburgh were committed, would report that they have examined the same, and find them regularly and neatly kept; and would recommend their approval." The report of the minority is as follows, viz. "The minority of the com- mittee on the records of the Synod of Pittsburgh recommend that they be approved, with the exception of the censure passed on the Presbytery of Red- stone, p. 284, for their disapproval of the action of the session of Morgan- town in nominating two persons to the office of ruling elder in this congre- gation; and recommend that the judgment of the Synod be reversed, and that the following resolution be adopted, to wit : Resolved, That in the judgment of the Assembly the nomination by the session of persons to the office of ruling elder or deacon, is contrary to Form of Government, chap. 13, sect. 2d, which says, 'Every congregation shall elect persons to the office of ruling elder or deacon in the mode most ap- proved and in use in that congregation,' and is inconsistent with the freedom of elections." On motion, the report of the majority was adopted as the sense of the Assembly; and the whole ordered to be entered on the Minutes. The Judicial Committee reported as in order Case No. 3, being an appeal and complaint of the Rev. G. Nicoll against a decision of the Synod of Nor- thern Indiana, confirming a decision of the Presbytery of Michigan, deposing the said Nicoll from the office of the gospel ministry. On motion, the complaint was dismissed on the ground of the irregularity of the complainant. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of West Tennessee reported, and their report was adopted and is as follows, viz : " The Committee on the Records of the Synod of West Tennessee report, that the document presented to your committee is not the original book of records, but purports to be a true copy from the original record under the hand of the Stated Clerk. Ac- companying this report is a letter from the Clerk, urging the acceptance of the transcript, on the ground of a standing rule of the Assembly authorizing Vol. XI.— 40 382 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. the reception of a transcript when the original cannot be transmitted. Your committee are not aware of such a standing rule, and are of opinion that the document produced does not come up to the requirement of the constitution. Your committee therefore cannot report as to the manner in which the re- cords are kept. Your committee recommend that the Synod of West Ten- nessee be required to produce their original book of records for examination at the next General Assembly. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Mississippi reported, re- commending their approval to page 97, with the remark that they are not as neatly kept as records of such importance should be. The report was adopted. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Philadelphia reported, re- commending their approval, and their report was adopted. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Georgia reported, that said records had not been placed in their hands; and they were accordingly dis- charged. And then the Assembly adjourned, Concluded with prayer. MONDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Commissions reported as an additional commissioner, William M. Atkinson, D. D. minister, from the Presbytery of Winchester. On motion, The order of the day was suspended to allow the Rev. Har- vey F. Leavitt, delegate from the General Convention of Vermont, to make a statement in regard to the state of religion within the bounds of that body. The order of the day was then taken up, and the report of the committee appointed by the last Assembly on the power of ecclesiastical bodies to ap- point commissions to decide finally in judicial cases, was read. Pending the discussion the hour of adjournment arrived. The Committee on Devotional Exercises reported, recommpnding that a ser- mon be preached in this church on Thursday night, by the Rev. Dr. Hodge, on the subject of Parochial Schools ; and on Friday night by the Rev. C. C. Jones, D. D. of Georgia, on the subject of the religious instruction of the coloured population of the Southern States. The report was adopted. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. TUESDAY Morning, May 25. The Assembly met and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had given leave to the Rev. P. R. Bland. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Kentucky reported, recom- mending approval ; and their report was adopted. The Rev. Dr. Atkinson, of the Presbytery of Winchester, stated to the Assembly that owing to peculiar circumstances, he had taken his seat as alternate, but that the principal having arrived, he desired to resign the seat to him. On motion, it was Resolved, That in view of the peculiar circumstances of the case this re- quest be granted, and that the name of the Rev. Thomas B. Balch be insert- ed on the roll in the place of Dr. Atkinson ; Which was accordingly done. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 383 The Committee on Bills and Overtures reported Overtures, Nos. 10, 11, and 12; which were placed on the docket. The Committee on Finance presented a report, which was approved, and is as follows, viz. " The papers referred to the Committee on Finance by the General Assem- bly, are the following, viz. The Report of the Treasurer of the Trustees, showing the amount of receipts and expenditures for the year ending May 1st 1847. An account of the stocks, &c. owned by the Assembly, with a bal- ance sheet from the ledger of the Treasurer; also a paper showing the sev- eral items which make the balance of cash on hand. Upon these documents the committee respectfully report that the Treasurer's account has been regu- larly audited. The whole amount received by the Treasurer from May 1st 1846 to May 1st 1847, was 810,380.80; making, together with 83,867.49, the balance on hand at the time of the last report, the sum of 814,248.29. The expenditures during the year have amounted to 813,113.58, leaving a balance in the hands of the Treasurer at the close of the fiscal year, of 81134.71. The Treasurer's books are neatly, and so far as we can judge, correctly kept ; his report above referred to is herewith returned and marked (A). The paper marked (B) is a tabular statement of the investments made by the Trustees, the par value of the several stocks, the last year's estimate of the value of each investment, and their respective value on the 1st of May inst. The estimated value of the amount invested in stocks, as reported to the General Assembly of last year, was 879,032.88. The estimated value of these stocks at this time is 879,887.08, showing an improvement during the year of 8354.20. The several amounts of money otherwise invested upon accustomed securities are all productive of regular income, with the exception of 85000, upon the bond of Josiah Hall, which amount is in pro- cess of collection by due course of law. The income of the General As- sembly from its several investments has improved during the last year; the amount of increase is 81422.11. The paper marked (C) is a balance sheet from the ledger of the Treasu- rer ; the paper marked (D) shows the several items making the cash balance in his hands; and the paper marked (E) is a report of income during the last year as derived from the several investments. We would recommend that the aforesaid papers, marked A, B, C, D, and E, be printed in the Ap- pendix to the Minutes. Your committee is not sufficiently conversant with the state of the stock- market to make any suggestions to the General Assembly in regard to a change in any of its investments. All of which is respectfully submitted." The report of the Trustees of the Western Theological Seminary was read, and referred to a committee consisting of Drs. Swift, Paxton, and Campbell. On motion, Resolved, That the Treasurer and the Stated Clerk, in con- nexion with the Committee of Finance, be a committee to report to this house a plan to increase the contingent fund of the General Assembly. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Virginia reported, recom- mending approval ; and their report was adopted. The unfinished business of yesterday was then taken up, and considered, until it was arrested by the arrival of the order of the day. The Report of the Board of Missions was accordingly read by the Cor- responding Secretary, the Rev. Dr. Wm. A. McDowell ; and on motion, was referred to a special committee, consisting of Messrs. Snodgrass, Chamber- lain, Price, James Johnston, and Cayce. On motion, it was made the order of the day for to-morrow morning at 384 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. 9| o'clock, to elect members to fill up vacancies in the Board of Missions; and the Assembly proceeded to receive nominations for the purpose. On motion, the action of the Synod of Virginia, contained in their records, on Christian Union, was referred to the committee appointed to report on that subject. On motion, it was made the second order of the day for to-morrow morn- ing, to elect members to fill vacancies in the Board of Foreign Missions ; and the Assembly proceeded to receive nominations for the purpose. The Committee on Foreign Correspondence reported an answer to the letter from the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, and an answer to the letter from the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Ireland, which were read, and on motion, laid on the table for the present. The unfinished business was resumed. On motion, the original resolution recommended by the committee on the subject of the power of ecclesiastical bodies to appoint Judicial commissions, was laid on the table to take up the following, viz. Resolved, That the resolution declaring it to be " contrary to the constitu- tion and uniform practice of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, for any ecclesiastical judicatory to appoint a commission to determine judi- cially any case whatever," referred by the last Assembly to this Assembly, be indefinitely postponed. After some discussion, the whole subject was, on motion, indefinitely post- poned. The committee to whom was referred the report of the Board of Educa- tion, made a report, which was read and put on the docket. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. TUESDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Bills and Overtures reported Overtures, Nos. 13, 14, and 15, which were received and put on the docket. The order of the day was then taken up, being Judicial case No. 1, a Com- plaint against a decision of the Synod of North Carolina, confirming a decision of the Presbytery of Fayetteville, restoring the Rev. Archibald McQueen to the functions of the gospel ministry. The Moderator solemnly reminded the Assembly of their high character as judges of a court of Jesus Christ, and the important duty in which they were about to act. The report of the Judicial committee in this case, in regard to the order to be observed, is as follows, viz. " I. The complaint against the Synod of North Carolina. 2. The minutes of the Synod of North Carolina. 3. The complaint against the Presbytery of Fayetteville. 4. Extracts from the minutes of the Presbytery of Fayette- ville. The committee recommend that if the General Assembly shall de- cide to take up the complaint, they should observe the constitutional rules laid down for conducting a regular appeal from a decision of an inferior court." The reading of the papers was at this point arrested by the following reso- lution, viz. Whereas the General Assembly of 1845 remitted the question of the re- storation of Mr. McQueen to the privileges and responsibilities of church fellowship and the gospel ministry, to the discretion of the Fayetteville Pres- bytery, therefore Resolved, That the complaint of the Rev. Colin Mclver against the decision of said Presbytery and the Synod of North Carolina for so doing, does not lie, and is accordingly dismissed. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 385 After some debate, this resolution was laid on the table for the present, with a view of hearing the complaint. The complaint was accordingly read, and the hour of adjournment having arrived, the Assembly adjourned till to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. WEDNESDAY Morning, May 26. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Elections reported as an additional commissioner, Samuel M. Hammill, Ruling Elder, from the Presbytery of New Brunswick, who took his seat accordingly. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had granted leave to Messrs. Cambern and Boggs. The Judicial Committee reported as in order, case No. 4, and their report was adopted, and is as follows, viz. " The Judicial Committee report, that they have received and examined a complaint of the Rev. James Smylie, from a decision of the Presbytery of Louisiana in the case of the Rev. Dr. Scott, which has been brought in a regular manner up to this General Assembly. The complaint was first presented to the Synod of Mississippi, who recom- mended the complainant, if he could not conscientiously withdraw the com- plaint, to carry it up to the General Assembly. Mr. Smylie, feeling it to be his duty to prosecute his complaint, has brought it up to this supreme judica- ture of our Church. There are three ways in which this complaint might be disposed of. 1. The Assembly might take it up, wade through the testimony, receive the new testimony, that, it is understood, the complainant wishes to orfer, to decide the case. But against this course, besides other difficulties, it may be mentioned as a very serious one, that the bare reading of the records of the Presbytery would consume four or five days. 2. Another mode might be adopted, by referring the case for reconsidera- tion to the Presbytery of Louisiana, who might be directed to take any new testimony that should be properly offered. 3. Or the General Assembly might remand the case to the Synod of Mis- sissippi, to hear the complaint, and dispose of it in a regular and constitutional manner. This, it is deemed, would be the wisest course. But, were either of these modes adopted, it would require a great con- sumption of time, and subject the judicature that might adjudicate on the case to great inconvenience, and no inconsiderable expense; and instead of re- sulting in practical good, might produce great excitement and consequences injurious to the peace and edification of an important section of our Church. The testimony is so voluminous, that to form a correct judgment on it, would require a retentive memory, patient attention, diligent comparison of its seve- ral parts, as well as a discriminating mind. It is to be regretted that the Presbytery sanctioned by their authority the publication of the speeches on both sides of the question. The committee after carefully deliberating on the subject were unanimously of the opinion, that if the case could be disposed of, consistently with the rights of Mr. Smylie, without remanding it to either of the inferior courts, and with- out the Assembly's adjudicating on it, all the ends of justice would be gained and the peace of the Church would be promoted. They therefore invited Mr. 40* 3S6 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. Smylie to a friendly interview, in which they expressed their opinion, and he stated his views. He did not concur with the committee in regard to the probable consequences of the case being remanded to the Synod or the Pres- bytery; and stated that in prosecuting his complaint he was influenced by no personal feelings against Dr. Scott, but by a desire that truth might be sus- tained, justice done to all concerned, and the constitution of our Church up- held ; but if the committee would, without his concurrence, assume the re- sponsibility of recommending to the General Assembly to terminate the case without any further trial, and the Assembly should determine to adopt this as the wisest way of terminating it, he would submit, and feel that he had dis- charged a duty, which, while it was troublesome and painful, had put him to no inconsiderable expense. It is due to the Rev. Mr. Smylie to say, that the committee believe, that in prosecuting his complaint, he has been prompted by a sense of duty and a regard to the constitution of our Church, and governed by what he deemed its purity and best interests required. The committee recommend to the Assembly, the adoption of the following resolution, Resolved, That in view of the representation of the case given in the above statement by the Judicial Committee, of the voluminous nature of the testi- mony, and of the difficulties attending the case, and believing that the interests of the Church will be best promoted by adopting the course recommended by the committee, and being willing to assume the responsibility of acting ac- cordingly, this General Assembly do hereby terminate this unhappy case without any farther judicial trial." The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Northern Indiana made a report, which was received and put on the docket. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Buffalo reported that said records had not been put in their hands, and were discharged. The Committee on the Report of the Board of Foreign Missions made a report, which was received and put on the docket. On motion, the orders of the day were suspended, in order to take up the report of the Committee on Foreign Correspondence. The letter of the Ge- neral Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland was read, together with the answer. On motion, the answer prepared by the committee was adopted as the an- swer of this Assembly, and ordered to be transmitted accordingly. The Letter of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland was next read, together with the answer. On motion, the answer prepared by the committee was amended by in- serting the words " on our part," after the word " communications;" and the whole paper was then adopted as the answer of this Assembly, and ordered to be transmitted accordingly. The order of the day, for ten o'clock this morning, viz. the Report of the Board of Education, was, on motion, made the order of the day for Friday morning at 10 o'clock. The house then went into an election to fill vacancies in the Boards of Do- mestic and Foreign Missions; and Messrs. Brown and Jackson were appoint- ed to collect and count the ballots for the former Board, and Messrs. Hughes and Putnam to collect and count the ballots for the latter. On motion, it was Resolved, That the Stated Clerk print no papers in the Appendix to the Minutes, but such as he is directed to publish. It was then moved, that a special committee be appointed to report to the A. D. 1S47.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 387 Assembly what papers they would recommend to be published in the Appen- dix to the Minutes. Pending the discussion, the hour of adjournment arrived. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. WEDNESDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met and spent the time in appropriate religious services, agreeably to the recommendation of the Committee of Arrangements, with the exception that the Rev. Dr. Hodge presided in the place of the Moderator, who was indisposed; and that the Rev. Mr. Petrie delivered an address in the place of the Rev. Mr. Leavitt, the delegate from the General Convention of Vermont, who has taken his leave. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. THURSDAY Morning, May 27. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on the Report of the Board of Directors of the Theological Seminary at Princeton reported, that they had examined the same, and re- commended that it be approved and printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. The committee further reported eleven vacancies as having occurred in the Board, and recommended that the election to fill these vacancies be made the order of the day for to-morrow morning at 9i o'clock ; and that nominations be now made. The report was adopted, and nominations were made accord- ingly. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had granted leave to Messrs. Soutter, Carter, Thornton, and John Ker. A letter was read from the Rev. Elias Heiner, a Delegate from the Synod of the German Reformed Church to this body, giving information of his ina- bility to attend, and assuring the Assembly of the fraternal regard of the German Reformed Synod. Several copies of the minutes of that Synod were laid on the table, for the use of the Assembly. The committee appointed to collect and count the votes to fill vacancies in the Board of Missions, reported the following persons as duly elected, viz. For Four Years. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Samuel Miller, D. D. Robert Soutter, Win, B. Sprague, D. D. James Lenox, Francis Herron, D. D. Wm. Nassau, Sr. Henry R. Weed, D. D. Robert Stuart, Wm. M. Engles, D. D. James Field, C. Van Rensselaer, D. D. Henry R. Lelar, Nicholas Murray, D. D. Jonathan Ogden, Matthew Brown, D. D. Edmund Hopkins, A. O. Patterson, D. D. Hon. Nath. Ewing. Charles C. Beatty, D. D. J. J. Bullock, C. C. Jones, D. D. Drury Lacy, John D. Paxton, D. D. Lewis W. Green, D. D. a ' u-V \j% a u' (In P^ce of Joshua L. Wilson, D. D., T. Hoge, Archibald Tudehope, > r j/-c at-jj n Tj i a °d George Morris, deceased. George Brown. J ° ' 388 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. The Committee on the Report of the Board of Missions presented the fol- lowing report, which was received, and adopted, viz. The committee to whom was referred the Annual Report of the Roard of Missions, report that having duly considered the contents of said communi- cation, they recommend to the Assembly the adoption of the following reso- lutions, viz. 1. That the report be approved, and published under the direction of the Board. Also that the Board furnish the Stated Clerk of the Assembly with an abstract to be published in the Appendix to the Minutes. 2. That the increase, during the past year, in the amount of pecuniary contributions, in the number of Missionaries commissioned, and in the good results of their labour in various respects, has been such as the Assembly may well recognize with gratitude, and receive as an encouragement to the renewed and more vigorous prosecution of the interests of this important cause. 8. That in the judgment of this Assembly, the enterprise of Domestic Missions has never stood sufficiently high in the estimation and affection of the American churches. In its relations to the wide extent of our territory, the rapid increase of our population, the efforts that are made to scatter the seeds of error in our new settlements, and the influence which our country is to exert upon the character and destiny of the world, it is the great enter- prise which should enlist the sympathies and the active co-operation of the patriot, the philanthropist, and the Christian. 4. That this Assembly reiterates the testimonies of former Assemblies to the vast importance of this object; and calls upon the Synods and Presbyte- ries to take such measures as may seem to them best calculated to secure the largest possible contributions to the funds of the Board which has this interest in charge. 5. That in view of the increasing importance and magnitude of this branch of our benevolent operations, a sermon be delivered on this subject at some convenient time during the sessions of each Assembly. 6. That the Assembly have heard with pleasure of what has been done by this Board in its capacity as a church extension committee; and express the hope that the funds placed at their disposal for this object, during the coming year, will be greatly increased in amount. The Committee on the Report of the Board of Foreign Missions, presented a report, which was received and laid on the table. The tellers of the votes to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors of Foreign Missions, reported the following persons as duly elected, viz. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Willis Lord, James Lenox, C. C. Cuyler, D. D. M. L. Bevan, Ashbel Green, D. D. James N. Dickson, David Elliott, D. D. Nathaniel Ewing, James Hoge, D. D. Alexander Henry, R. Davidson, D. D. Robert Archer, W. L. Breckinridge, D. D. J. P. Engles, B. H. Rice, D. D. William Harris, M. D. John M. Dickey, John Kerr, M. D. S. L. Graham, James H. Fitzgerald, S. S. Davis, D. D. Robert Carter, D. V. McLean, J. J. Bryant, Reuben Smith, John T. Gilchrist, Jacob Green, William Adger, James M. McDonald. Luke Loomis. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 339 In place of Rev. Dr. J. L. Wilson, deceased, Rev. Dr. J. W. Yeomans; in place of Mr. R. Jaffray, Mr. D. W. C. Olyphant. The Assembly then proceeded to the order of the day, and the Report of the Board of Publication was read by the Secretary of the Board, the Rev. Joseph H. Jones, D. D., and referred to the following committee — Messrs. Lowrie, J. E. Kerr, and McVean. On motion, Resolved, That the Board of Publication be authorized to avail itself of the provisions of a fund founded by the late Elias Boudinot, for the purpose of providing books for Congregational Libraries, so far as to enable it to furnish books to feeble pastors and churches; and that such pastors or churches be permitted to select such books as they desire, as may be pro- cured through the Boudinot fund. On motion, Resolved, That the Stated Clerk be directed to hand over to the Board of Publication, such copies of Minutes of General Assembly, as he judges are not needed for the Assembly. The Report of the Board of Foreign Missions was taken up and read, and an amendment was offered; pending discussion on which, the hour of ad- journment arrived. On motion, the Rev. Mr. Smylie was permitted to take away such papers relating to his complaint, as are not necessary to be retained. The Committee on Mileage presented the following report, which was ap- proved, viz. " The Committee on Mileage report, that there has been paid to the Trea- surer, on account of the Commissioners' Fund, the sum of $453.31. That there have been 12,508 miles travelled by the commissioners who claim mileage in coming to the present Assembly, which at three and five-eighths cents per mile, will make $453.31. leaving no balance. They therefore recommend that the Trustees of the General Assembly be directed to draw an order on their Treasurer for $453.31, and that he be directed to pay the same to the several persons named in this report in the proportion therein stated. On motion, Resolved, 1. That the thanks of the General Assembly be pre- sented to Dr. Thornwell for his able and excellent discourse on the subject of the Mass. Resolved, 2. That Dr. Thornwell be respectfully requested to furnish our Board of Publication with a copy of his discourse, that it may be published by said Board. ". And the Assembly then adjourned. Concluded with prayer. THURSDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of Alabama reported, recom- mending approval, and their report was adopted. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of South Carolina reported, recommending approval, and their report was adopted. The committee to whom was referred the Report of the Trustees of the Theological Seminary at Princeton, New Jersey, reported that they had ex- amined the same, and recommended that it be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. The Committee on the Report of the Board of Directors of the Western Theological Seminary, presented the following report : "The committee to whom was referred the Twentieth Annual Report of the Western Theological Seminary, beg leave to report as follows, viz. 390 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. " This Seminary was founded twenty years ago by the General Assembly, and its present location established by that body after much and protracted deliberation. Founded on the same plan with its elder and more honoured institution at Princeton, it continues to this day the only other general Theo- logical Seminary deriving its existence directly from the Assembly, and being entirely under its jurisdiction. Those who have from time to time been called by the General Assembly to act as its Directors, the guardians of its inte- rests, and the conservators of iis funds, the pecuniary means of its subsist- ence and usefulness, have in these twenty years constantly entertained the hope that it would be so cherished by the General Assembly, that its paternal solicitude for its welfare would result eventually in the adoption of effective measures to ensure the substantial benefits of its fostering care. They have supposed that the time would come when, amidst its protracted and anxious deliberations in respect to its other Institutions and Boards, and amidst its broad and noble plans for doing good, it would not content itself with a mere passing notice of this ; for the most part making its supervision of this object of its creation, and its connexion with it rather a calamity and an impedi- ment than a blessing. Your committee are, however, sorry to be obliged to say that this reasonable hope has been almost entirely deferred, and of the many thousands of dollars which its wants have demanded and secured to it, almost all have been collected within what was originally the Synod of Pitts- burgh and some kw adjacent Presbyteries. The Assembly itself has made no call upon the Church at large, to aid in its endowment and support, nor upon the Presbyteries to adopt systematic measures to ensure coutributions to its funds. The consequences have been such as might be anticipated, where so great a burden is laid upon a mere fraction of the Church. Anxiety and embarrassment, and often great discouragement have oppressed the minds of its Directors ; and their present difficulties are not small. Your committee think that now, when the endowment of the Theological Seminary at Princeton is understood to be completed, or nearly so, the Assem- bly should direct its thoughts, its prayers, and its energies to the redemption of the pledge which was thus early given, and has been so long delayed, and take measures forthwith to fulfil for it the provision which has been made for Princeton, that when this is done, our Church may be ready, if need be, to go forward and endow far in the West or Southwest, a third Seminary sustain- ing to the Assembly the same relation. In doing this, however, your com- mittee would not desire that the Assembly should in any wise interfere with the interests or- plans of any other Theological Seminaries of our Church not under its care, or divert any funds which the Presbyteries and churches concerned may have a preference in bestowing upon them; but they think that in perfect harmony with this provision, important aid may now be ob- tained to complete an endowment which has been zealously undertaken by the Presbyteries in its more immediate vicinity. Your committee would therefore recommend the adoption of the following resolutions, viz. 1. Resolved, That the Report of the Board of Directors be approved, and the same be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. 2. Resolved, That the Board of Directors be directed to appoint one or more Agents to act under the authority of the General Assembly, in soliciting aid in the Church, for the purpose of completing the endowment of the Pro- fessorships in the said Seminary ; and that it be recommended to the Presby- teries to take such measures as they may deem expedient, to facilitate the object contemplated in this resolution." On motion, the report was accepted, and the resolutions adopted. On motion, Resolved, That a committee be appointed on the ways and A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 391 means of increasing the Commissioners' Fund, and of providing some remedy for those members of this Assembly who are, in whole or in part, dependent on this fund. The Report of the Committee on the Report of the Board of Foreign Mis- sions, was taken up, and adopted, and is as follows, viz. '• The committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Foreign Missions, beg leave to submit the following resolutions, viz. 1. Resolved, That the Report of the Board of Foreign Missions be approved, and referred to the Executive Committee for publication, and distribution among the churches. 2. Resolved, That the General Assembly have abundant ground of encou- ragement, and devout thanksgiving to the Great Head of the Church, in the evidence of success which has attended the operations of the Board during the last ecclesiastical year. 3. Resolved, That as God in his providence is opening many and effectual doors, and spreading out before our Board of Foreign Missions many interest- ing and extensive fields, and inviting them to enler and take possession, it is the imperative duty of the Church, with combined and more vigorous efforts, to prosecute the work in which we have embarked. 4. Resolved, That, as there are adequate pecuniary resources in the churches under the care of this General Assembly, if called forth to meet all the engagements of the Board, it be recommended to them to extend the sphere of their operations as far as practicable in strengthening existing sta- tions and in establishing new ones. 5. Resolved, That whilst it is our duty to labour and pray with increased energy and zeal for the conversion of the heathen, the Assembly recognizes her obligations to increase her efforts in behalf of papal Europe as well as the seed of Abraham, remembering that all the 'kingdoms of this world are to become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ.' 6. Resolved, That, whilst the Assembly learn with pleasure that there has been a considerable increase in the amount of contributions of the churches to the Board the last year, it is with painful regrei, that they learn that a large proportion of our churches have contributed nothing to this important object; and that some of our churches, instead of sustaining their own Board, direct their contributions through other and foreign channels. 7. Resolved, That all the churches under the care of this General Assem- bly, are expected, as a matter of duty and consistency, to contribute, sys- tematically, and annually, to the fund of this Board. 8. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Board to adopt measures to secure the object referred to in the preceding resolution, by a wise system of agency, or otherwise, and that it be earnestly recommended to the Presbyte- ries efficiently to co-operate in this matter. 9. Resolved, That, recognizing our dependence upon the blessing of God, and the agency of the Holy Spirit, for the success of this great enterprise for the conversion of the world, it be earnestly recommended to all the churches under our care to cultivate the spirit of prayer, and more earnestly and unitedly to seek the divine blessing upon the efforts of this Board, as well as of similar institutions, especially in the monthly concert." On motion, the unfinished business was resumed, viz. the complaint against the Synod of North Carolina, and the Presbytery of Fayetteville, pending discussion on which the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. 392 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. FRIDAY Mornisg, May 23. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had granted leave to Messrs. Boyer, Lee, Eilenberger, and Ross. The Moderator announced the following persons as the Committee on the Commissioners' Fund, viz. Messrs. F. N. Evving, Bur"hardt, and John M. Johnston. The committee appointed to examine the Report of the Board of Publication, presented a report, which was placed on the docket. Upon their motion, the election of members to fill vacancies in the Board was made the order of the day for to-morrow morning, at half-past nine o'clock; and nominations were made accordingly. The Committee on Demission of the Pastoral Office, to whom the subject had been recommitted with instructions, reported, and their report was re- ceived, and placed on the docket. The order of the day was taken up, and the Assembly entered on an elec- tion of Directors of Princeton Seminary. Messrs. Colt and Simril were ap- pointed to collect and count the ballots. The Committee on the Memorials of the Synods of Pittsburgh, Wheeling, Virginia, upon Christian Union, reported, and their report was adopted, and is as follows ; viz. "The Committee to whom were referred the Memorials of the Synods of Pittsburgh, Wheeling, and Virginia, respecting Christian union and inter- course, have considered the subject, and submit the following report: " It is well known that the manifestation of unity among evangelical Chris- tians, occupies a distinguished place in the public mind at the present time. Nor can it be alleged that it deserves not the consideration which it has re- ceived. The convention held last year in London has greatly increased the atten- tion given to this subject among Protestants; and it is hoped the results of that meeting may be extensively and permanently beneficial. If real Chris- tians, who hold fast the form of sound words, and feel the purifying and ele- vating power of truth, shall perceive more clearly their substantial agreement, love one another more fervently, and co-operate in the work of faith and labour of love more extensively and zealously, the advantage to the common cause of Christianity will be real and great. We would by no means call in question the organization or operation of that branch of the Christian alliance which has been constituted in our coun- try; but would rather bid those brethren God-speed in their legitimate efforts, and pray that the blessing of the God of peace may abide with them always. Still it may be inquired whether some plan of intercourse and combined effort may not be adopted, which may specifically include those denomina- tions who hold the same faith, and the same ecclesiastical form of government and discipline, substantially and truly, which we hold, that may greatly con- tribute to more intimate and complete unity in sentiment, affection, and prac- tice. If this can be accomplished in a considerable degree, in a way which will be safe, and will not interfere at all with denominational peculiarities and interests, it will be much gain to the cause of truth and charity. And thus, not only entire apostasy from true Christianity in its various forms, but errors of dangerous tendency may be more effectually resisted, and the sys- tem of salvation by free and sovereign grace may be more favourably exhibi- ted before the Christian public. It is to be particularly observed, however, that such a plan should bear no A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 393 relation whatever to the amalgamation of those denominations who may be willing to enter into such an arrangement. This must be left to each in its own ecclesiastical capacity. Only that unity which is consistent with de- nominational distinction should be embraced in the plan. It is therefore respectfully recommended that the General Assembly offer for consideration to the supreme judicatories of those denominations in the United States who are of the description above mentioned, the following pro- positions. 1. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, the Synods of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, the Associate Presbyterian Church, the Reformed Dutch Protestant Church, and the German Reformed Church, will appoint both ministerial and lay delegates in such numbers as they shall deem proper, to meet in confer- ence, at such time and place as shall be hereafter designated, and consult and decide respecting a suitable plan of intercourse as may be deemed profitable and safe. 2. The results of this conference shall be reported to the several bodies, and shall be regarded as adopted only so far as they shall be approved by each body. 3. This Assembly will appoint a committee who shall have the charge of previous arrangements, so far as we are concerned, and shall be authorized to communicate with the bodies above named, and confer with any committee by them appointed." The order of the day for ten o'clock having arrived, the Report of the Board of Education was taken up, and referred to the following committee, viz. Dr. Chamberlain, Dr. Jones, and T. R. Lee. On motion, the elections to fill vacancies in the Board was made the second order of the day for to-morrow morning at half-past nine o'clock ; and nomi- nations were made accordingly. The Committee on the Commissioners' Fund made a report, which was recommitted, with instructions to ascertain the precise deficit in said fund. The unfinished business was then taken up, viz. the complaint against the Synod of North Carolina, and the Moderator gave the usual charge. Pend- ing the discussion the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. FRIDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. A letter was read from the Rev. J. I. Helm, delegate to the Evangelical Consociation of Rhode Island, stating that he had performed the duty assign- ed him. The tellers appointed to collect and count the ballots for Directors of the Theological Seminary at Princeton, reported the following persons as duly elected, viz. MINISTERS. RL^LING ELDERS. Ashbel Green, D. D. James Donaldson, Jacob J. Janeway, D. D. Moses Allen, Henry A. Boardman, D. D. James N. Dickson. Nicholas Murray, D. D. John C. Backus, W. W. Phillips, D. D. And in place of the Rev. Wm. Latla, D. D. dec'd., Samuel Beach Jones. The Committees on the Records of the Synods of Cincinnati and Indiana, reported, that they had not been put into their hands, and were discharged. Vol. XI.— 41 394 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. The Committee on the Contingent Fund, reported, and their report was adopted, and is as follows, viz. " The Committee consisting of the Treasurer, the Stated Clerk, and the members of the Finance Committee, to whom was referred the condition of the Contingent Fund, beg leave to report, that there is a deficiency in this fund. The amount paid in for this object at the present session, is but 8772, which is about $400 short of the sum that will be necessary. Accompany- ing this report, we submit a statement of the amount of the Contingent Fund for each year from 1841, to the present time. There are a number of Pres- byteries that have sent up no money at all for this fund, and your Committee, in view of the foregoing statements, would offer the following resolution. Resolved, That the General Assembly does hereby enjoin upon the Pres- byteries within its bounds, which have not contributed their proportion to the Contingent Fund, that they do not fail to remit at an early day such amounts as they may have raised, or may be able to collect for that purpose. Also, that in future, at their spring meetings of each year they make regu- lar provision for the Contingent Fund of the ensuing General Assembly, and remit the same to the Treasurer as early as possible during the session. All of which is respectfully submitted. Statement. — In the year 1341, there was collected, 81518 82; 1842, $1567 01; 1843, $1541 31; 1844, 81340 90; 1845, $1395 63; 1846, $1207 63; for 1847, collected to the present time, $772 00. The drafts on the Contingent Fund for the last year were $1144 03, with one claim of $47 50, which is unpaid, making $1191 53." The unfinished business was resumed, pending discussion on which the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. SATURDAY. Morning, May 29th. The Assembly met and was opened with prayer. >j The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Devotional Exercises presented the following report, which was adopted, viz. " The Committee on Devotional Exercises would further report, recommend- ing that in the administration of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper the fol- lowing order be observed, and the following persons officiate, viz. 1. That the preparatory sermon be preached by the Rev. Dr. Hoge. 2. That the introductory statement and prayer be made by the Rev. Dr. Chamberlain. 3. That the Bread be administered by the Rev. Dr. Janeway. 4. That the Cup be administered by the Rev. Dr. Schoonmaker. 5. Concluding prayer and psalmody by the Rev. Dr. Paxton. 6. Benediction by the Moderator. In conclusion, the committee report that they have appointed supplies for the coming Sabbath for the numerous churches which have been offered to them, and to the pastors and officers of which this Assembly return thanks for their fraternal and Christian courtesy." The Committee on Leave of Absence presented the following report, viz. " The Committee on leave of Absence beg leave to make a special report to the Assembly. They would state that applications for leave of absence are becoming so numerous that the Assembly is in danger of being reduced in a few days more to a very small body. The committee wish to be instructed as to the degree of strictness which they shall observe in refusing leave of absence to members." The report was accepted, and the committee, on motion, were instructed to apply the rule rigidly. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 395 The Committee on the Commissioners' Fund presented a report, which being amended, was adopted, and is as follows, viz. "The committee to whom was referred the consideration of increasing the Commissioners' Fund, would respectfully report, that whereas there is great inequality in bearing the expenses of delegates in going to and returning from the Assembly, and whereas this burden rests chiefly on those who are the least able to bear it, therefore Resolved, That while the Assembly would not interfere with any arrange- ments that any Presbytery may choose to make to defray the expenses of its own delegates, we would enjoin on the weak Presbyteries to see to it that their churches contribute as largely as possible; and that the more able ones, and especially such as are not very remote from the place where the Assem- bly meets, be required to have collections taken up in their churches for a com- mon commissioners' fvnd, to aid the weaker Presbyteries in defraying the expenses of their delegates." Certain resolutions in regard to the present war, and to the establishment of a weekly paper, were read and put on the docket. The orders of the day were then taken up, and the Assembly went into an election of Directors of the Boards of Publication and Education. Messrs. Mitchell and Houston were appointed to collect and count the ballots for the former, and Messrs. Chapman and Walker, for the latter. The Committee on the Annual Report of the Trustees of the Western Theological Seminary submitted the following resolutions, which were adopt- ed, viz. Resolved, 1. That the- said report be approved and printed in the Appendix to the Minutes of the Assembly. Resolved, 2. That the charter or Act of Incorporation granted by the Legislature of the state of Pennsylvania, and accepted by the General As- sembly at its sessions in Cincinnati in 1845, be printed in the Minutes in con- nexion with this report. Resolved, 3. That the change in the Board of Trustees recommended in the said report be adopted; and that the persons therein mentioned be ap- pointed Trustees in the room of those whose term of service is thus closed. On motion, Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed by the Mode- rator to nominate the persons contemplated in the resolutions on Christian Union. Drs. Hoge, Janeway, Snodgrass, and Gray, and Mr. J. N. Dickson, were appointed that committee. The unfinished business was resumed, and it was on motion, Resolved, That the question on the dismissal of the case be taken not later than 12 o'clock to-day. The hour of 12 having arrived, the question was accordingly taken, and the following was the decision of the Assembly in the case, viz. Whereas the Rev. Archibald McQueen prosecuted a complaint before the Assembly of 1845, against the Presbytery of Fayetteville, for refusing to re- store him to the exercise of the gospel ministry; and did at the same time memorialize that Assembly to decree his restoration ; and whereas that As- sembly did take up and judicially entertain the said complaint, and pro- nounced judgment in the case by authorizing and recommending the Presby- tery to restore the said Archibald McQueen to the gospel ministry, provided that in the judgment of the Presbytery it was wise so to do; and whereas the Presbytery in the exercise of the discretion thus confided to them, did re- store Mr. McQueen ; therefore, Resolved, That the complaint of the Rev. Colin Mclver and others against the Synod of North Carolina, for having sustained the action of the Presby- tery of Fayetteville in restoring the said Archibald McQueen, in accordance 396 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. with the judicial decision of the Assembly of 1845, cannot be entertained by this house, and is hereby dismissed. In making this disposition of the above mentioned complaint, this General Assembly wishes it to be distinctly understood that they do not mean either to retract or modify any judgment hitherto expressed by any Assembly re- specting the offence for which Mr. McQueen was suspended from the exercise of the gospel ministry. They simply declare that his case cannot be regu- larly brought before them by this complaint. The yeas and nays were called for on this resolution, and are as follows, viz. Yeas. — Bartley, Eastman, Proudfit, Chester, Buck, Jackson, Reinhart, Waterman, Petrie, Jagger, Nimmo, Evans, Lowrie, Carpenter, Bull, Tyler, Hornblower, Barton, Hodge, J. J. Janeway, Jacob W. E. Ker, Gray, Sher- wood, Colt, Hunt, F. A. Ewing, Hamill, McKeen, Dunham, Thos. L. Jane- way, Harlow, Gayley, McLean, Peebles, Woods, Hudson, Dickson, Vanars- dalen, E. M. Donaldson, J. N. Brown, Alexander, Brugler, John Caruthers, Quay, Davis, Fulton, Cook, Coulter, Laughlin, John Carothers, Fleming, Hunter, James Hoge, Vanatta, M. M. Brown, Robinson, McCandlish, Moses A. Hoge, Morton, Raymond, Thompson, Crowe, Ferguson, Irwin, Burghardt, Wells, Vaill, Steel, Greenlee, Munson, Cayce, F. N. Ewing, A. A. Hogue, Price, Ralph Harris, B. D. Thomas, E. Thomas, Balch, Hodgeman, Hume, Putnam, Simril, Jones, Cunningham, Lockridge, Crane, Merrell, Hooper, Chapman, Beadle, McCallum, S. I. Reid, Miller, P. A. Walker, Chamber- lain — 95. Nays. — Snodgrass, Reeve, Junkin, Berry, Swift, Young, Montgomery, Robert Carothers, Campbell, Loomis, R. Donaldson, James Kerr, Adams, Patterson, McFerren, Lyle, Semple, Moodie, Cooper, Woodrow, Gazlay, Whallon, Belville, John M. Johnston, H. L. Brown, James Johnston, Wright, Pratt, Paxton, Morrison, Sparrow, Allen, Pryor, Graham, Gilkeson, White, Watkins, Mcllwaine, Wade, Mathers, McBride, Harrison, A. Walker, S. E. Wilson, Snowden, Smythe, Mitchell, Houston, John P. Kerr, McLeod, Law- rence, H. R. Wilson, W. M. Reid— 53. Dr. Hoyt was excused from voting. The committee appointed to nominate a Committee of Conference from this General Assembly on the subject of Christian Union, reported the following nominations, which, on motion, were confirmed; viz. Dr. Phillips, Dr. J. W. Alexander, Dr. Snodgrass, Dr. Krebs, Dr. Potts, Mr. Lenox, Mr. Oliphant, and Mr. Steel. The Rev. Dr. Schoonmaker, delegate from the Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church addressed the Assembly, and took his leave. The following resolution was offered, and laid on the table, viz. Resolved, That this General Assembly, in virtue of authority vested in it by the Form of Government, ch. 12, sect. 5, does hereby solemnly reprove, warn, and bear testimony against those Presbyteries and Church-sessions under the care of this Assemblv, which tolerate within their bounds the practice of im- morality in allowing the formation of the marriage relation on the part of ministers and church members contrary to the Word of God and the Confes- sion of Faith, ch. 24, sect. 4, and for neglecting and failing to enforce the discipline of the Church in such cases. The Committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Educa- tion reported, recommending the following resolutions, which were adopted, viz. 1. Resolved, That this Assembly reiterate their conviction of the impor- tance of ministerial education, in its relations to all the enterprises of the Church, and to the conversion of the world. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 397 2. Resolved, That (his Assembly solemnly recognize the sovereign grace of God, in calling the sons of the Church into the ministry; and also ac- knowledge the obligations of his Church to use all scriptural and proper means to increase the number of candidates, especially by prayer to the Lord of the harvest, ministerial instruction, parental consecration, Christian educa- tion, and pecuniary assistance to those who may need it. S. Resolved, That it be specially recommended to our ministers and churches not only to pray for an increase of labourers, but also to remember in their prayers, the youth of the Church who have already commenced their preparatory studies, and who are naturally exposed to many temptations, which the Spirit of God can alone enable them to resist. 4. Resolved, That the Presbyteries be enjoined to use unceasing vigilance in the examination of candidates, and to retain a strict pastoral supervision over them throughout their entire preparatory course; and that the Board of Education be enjoined to continue the plan of personal visitation and corres- pondence, and to use their best endeavours to promote a high standard of ministerial qualification. 5. Resolved, That the Board of Education exercise the same pastoral care over the candidates for the ministry who are sustained by the permanent funds of the General Assembly, as over those who are sustained by the an- nual collections of the churches. 6. Resolved, That the Annual Report be committed to the Board for pub-; lication. The Committee on Demission presented a report which was, after some debate, again re-committed. The Rev. Sayrs Gazlay gave notice of his desire to enter his dissent from the vote to lay on the table the resolution warning the Presbyteries on the subject of unlawful marriages ; and also of his intention to enter, on behalf of himself and others, a protest against the decision to dismiss judicial case No. 1. On motion, it was made the order of the day immediately after reading the minutes at the next session, to take up the Report on Parochial Schools. And then the Assembly adjourned until Monday morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. MONDAY Morning, May 31st. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The Committee on Commissions reported as an additional commissioner, Aaron L. Lindsley, minister, from the Presbytery of Wisconsin. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had granted leave to Messrs. Hodge, J. J. Janeway, Gray, D. McLean, Watson, Bull, Camp- bell, McVean, Railey, and McKeen. On motion, the order of the day was suspended to take up the following resolution, viz. Resolved, That the General Assembly overture to the Presbyteries the fol- lowing question, viz. Shall that part of the fourth section of the twenty-fourth chapter of the Confession of Faith, from 1 to 2, which says, " Nor can such incestuous marriages ever be made lawful by any law of man, or consent of parties, so as those persons may live together as man and wife," be stricken out. The previous question being insisted on, the resolution was put to the vote, and lost. 41* 398 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. The yeas and nays were called for, and are as follows, viz. Yeas. — Eastman, Proudfit, Chester, Buck, Reinhart, Nimmo, Evans, Car- penter, Reeve, Barton, Hudson, Dickson, Vanarsdalen, J. N. Brown, Davis, Swift, Fulton, Cook, Coulter, Montgomery, Loomis, R. Donaldson, Adams, Patterson, Hunter, M. M. Brown, Morton, H. L. Brown, Raymond, Thomp- son, Ferguson, Burghardt, Vaill, Greenlee, F. N. Ewing, A. A. Hogue, B. D. Thomas, Hays, Balch, Gilkeson, Lynch, McNair, Pharr, Gibbs, C. W. Harris, Hodgeman, Hume, Putnam, Harrison, Sim ml, Hoyt, Cunning- ham, Lockridge, Hooper, Chamberlain, Samuel I. Reid, Walker — 57. Nays. — Bartley, Waterman, Petrie, Jagger, Lovvrie, Tyler, Hornblower, Jacob W. E. Ker, Junkin, Sherwood, Colt, Hunt, Hamill, Dunham, T. L. Janeway, Harlow, Gayley, Berry, Peebles, Woods, E. M. Donaldson, Alex- ander, Brugler, John Caruthers, Young, Robert Carothers, Laughlin, John Carothers, Fleming, James Kerr, McFerren, Lyle, James Hoge, Robinson, McCandlish, Semple, Moses A. Hoge, Moodie, Cooper, Woodrow, Gazlay, Whallon, Belville, John M.Johnston, James Johnston, Crowe, Irwin, Wriijht, Wells, Steel, Pratt, Lindsley, Watson, Munson, Cayce, Paxton, Ralph Har- ris, E. Thomas, Morrison, Sparrow, Allen, Pryor, Graham, White, B. F. Watkins, McIIwaine, Wade, Hughes, A. D. Campbell, Rockwell, Garland, R. V. Watkins, Mathcs, McBride, A. Walker, Snowden, Jones, Crane, Smythe, Chapman, Mitchell. Houston, John P. Kerr, McLeod, Beadle, Mc- Cal'lum, Miller, H. R. Wilson— 89. The Committee on the Records of the Synod of North Carolina reported, recommending their approval ; and their report was adopted. The Report of the Committee on the Records of the Synod of Northern Indiana, was taken up, recommending approval, with the following excep- tions, viz. 1. On page 27, where a record is made of the opening sermon of Synod, it does not appear that the moderator of the previous year who pre- pared the sermon, was present to preach it, nor does it appear whether he was present or absent during the entire meeting. 2. On page 32, where Synod take exception to the Records of the Presbytery of Michigan as defec- tive, Synod did not require that Presbytery to review and correct said re- cords. 3. On page 54, the Synod censure the Presbytery of Michigan for retaining the name of Mr. Nicoll on the roll after suspending him from the gospel ministry. Your Committee are of the opinion that the name of a sus- pended minister should be retained on the roll of Presbytery till they proceed to the higher censure, though he be deprived of the exercise of his ministe- rial functions. The report was adopted. The Committee on Demission of the Pastoral Office, presented a report, which was adopted, and is as follows, viz. " The Committee to which was referred the matter concerning the demis- sion of the pastoral office, respectfully report for the consideration of the Assembly the following statement and resolution, viz. 1. With all the care which the Presbyteries can exercise in the examination of candidates, and with all the inquiry which candidates may sincerely make after the path of duty, it has happened and will again occur that men may mistake their call- ing, and be introduced to the office of the ministry without those qualifica- tions which will enable them with profit to the Church and comfort to them- selves to continue to exercise its functions. 2. It is a fact that many persons do practically demit the exercise of the office, engaging entirely in secular pursuits, and yet, 3. Their names remain upon our rolls, they are accounted as ministers, and arc counted in estimating the ratio of representation of the Presbyteries to which they belong, thus giving to some Presbyteries a prepon- derance in the General Assembly to which they are not justly entitled A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 399 under the fair operation of our system. There is no reason for deposing or suspending them, they have no authority to demit the exercise of their office, nor have Presbyteries a right to permit such demission ; and these worthy brethren are constrained to live on with vows resting upon them which they have neither the ability nor opportunity to perform. Therefore, Resolved, That it be referred to the Presbyteries whether the following sections shall be added to the 15th chapter of our Form of Government, viz. XVI. The office of a minister of the Gospel is perpetual and cannot be laid aside at pleasure. No person can be divested of it but by deposition. Yet from various causes a minister may become incapable of performing the duties of the office; or he may, though chargeable with neither heresy nor immorality, become unacceptable in his official character. In such cases he may cease to be an acting minister. XVII. Whenever a minister from any cause, not inferring heresy or crime, shall be incapable of serving the Church to edification, the Presbytery shall take order on the subject, and state the fact, together with the reasons of it, on their records. And when any person has thus ceased to be an acting minister, he shall not be a member of any Presbytery or Synod, but shall be subject to discipline as other ministers. Provided ahcays, that nothing of this kind shall be done without the consent of the individual in question, ex- cept by advice of the Synod." The order of the day was then taken up, viz. the report of the committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Education on Parochial Schools. The resolutions were considered seriatim, amended, and adopted, and are as follows, viz. The Committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Educa- tion, beg leave to recommend the adoption of the following resolutions: 1. Resolved, That the report be committed to the Board of Education in order that it may be printed and circulated among the churches. 2. Resolved, That this Assembly do hereby express their firm conviction that the interests of the Church and the glory of our Redeemer, demand that immediate and strenuous exertions should be made, so far as practicable, by every congregation to establish within its bounds one or more Primary Schools, under the care of the session of the church, in which together with the usual branches of secular learning, the truths and duties of our holy reli- gion shall be assiduously inculcated. 3. Resolved, That this Assembly do hereby earnestly call upon all the Synods and Presbyteries under their care, to take the subject of Christian education under consideration, and to devise and execute whatever measures they may deem most appropriate for securing the establishment of Parochial and Presbyterial Schools in our bounds. 4. Resolved, That a committee consisting of one minister and one ruling elder be appointed by each Presbytery to collect information as to the number and condition of schools within the bounds of the Presbytery, the number of children under fifteen years of age belonging to their congregations; the state of public opinion in respect to education; the ability of the churches to sustain teachers and build school houses ; and whatever other statistical in- formation relating to education they may deem important ; and that these committees forward their reports to the Board of Education on or before the 1st of January, 1848. 5. Resolved, That this whole subject be referred to the Board of Educa- tion, and that the Board is hereby authorized to expend whatever moneys are committed to them for that purpose in aid of the establishment of Parochial and Presbyterial Schools. 400 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. 6. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Board of Publication to make inquiries on the subject of elementary school books, with a view of adapting them, as far as practicable, to a system of religious instruction; and that the Board report on this subject to the next General Assembly. The Committee on the Memorial from the Presbytery of Baltimore, in rela- tion to the erection of a church in Washington City, reported, and their re- port was adopted, and is as follows, viz. "That, in their judgment, the object contemplated in said memorial is an important one, and justly claims, upon its merits, the charitable consideration of the friends of our Church in all parts of the country. They are of opinion, however, that it would be highly inexpedient and of dangerous precedent for the Assembly to engage, as such, in an enterprise of this description. They therefore recommend that the memorial, with the accompanying papers be respectfully referred back to the Presbytery of Baltimore, within the bounds of which the City of Washington lies; in the hope that, if they shall judge it expedient to take any further steps in the matter, the effort may be sustained by the liberality of the churches." A report was read from the Rev. Benjamin H. Rice, D. D., delegate to the General Association of Massachusetts. A communication was read from the complainants in judicial case, No. 1, acquainting the Assembly with their submission to the late decision in said case, and at the same time, inasmuch as the Synodical and Presbyterial acts, against which they had complained, had neither been reversed nor sustained by any General Assembly, with their intention to renew the complaint, should they see fit, to the next General Assembly, for final adjudication. On motion, leave was granted said complainants to withdraw their papers. The Assembly then went into an election of a preacher of the annual ser- mon on Popery; when the Rev. Alexander T. McGill, D.D., was chosen principal, and the Rev. Wm. S. Plumer, D. D., alternate. On motion, the Clerks were appointed a special committee to recommend to the Assembly the papers suitable to be printed in the Appendix. Judicial case No. 2, being an appeal of John Cathey from a decision of the session of Paw Creek Church, suspending him from sealing ordinances for marrying his deceased wife's sister, was dismissed, as not having come up through the inferior judicatories, and the case remitted to the Presbytery of Concord for adjudication. The report of the committee to whom was referred the Report of the Board of Publication was taken up, recommending the following resolutions, which were adopted, viz. 1. Resolved, That the Report be approved, and published under the direction of the officers of the Board. 2. Resolved, That in the opinion of the Assembly the affairs of this Board, have been conducted with judgment, energy, and success, calling for the con- tinued and increased confidence of the churches in its operations, as a means of usefulness. 3. Resolved, That the Assembly cordially approves the plan proposed by the Board for circulating its books, and earnestly recommmends it to the immediate attention of the churches. 4. Resolved, That the Assembly is highly gratified that the Board has en- tered upon a system of colportage, as an agency for the circulation of its books; and while repeating the recommendation of former Assemblies that funds be raised by Synods and Presbyteries for the establishment of deposi- tories, owned and managed by themselves, the Assembly would further re- A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 401 commend that they employ in connexion with these depositories the colpor- teurs appointed by the Board. 5. Resolved, That the Assembly approves of the charter obtained by the Board, and orders that, in accordance with the terms of the charter, it shall hereafter be known by the name of " The Presbyterian Board of Publica- tion." 6. Resolved, That the Assembly also provides, in accordance with the requirements of the aforesaid charter, that at the annual meeting of the Board of Publication in the year 1848, on the day when the Board meets to re- organize and elect its officers, it shall proceed to elect, by ballot, three per- sons in the room of the three first named of the Trustees of the Presbyterian Board of Publication, incorporated by the aforesaid charter; on the day of the annual meeting in 1849, it shall proceed in like manner to elect three persons in the room of the second three trustees named in the charier afore- said; and on the day of the annual meeting of the Board of Publication in 1850 it shall elect in the same manner three persons in the room of the three remaining trustees of the aforesaid Board; and thenceforward annually elect- ing three persons in the room of that class which has served three years; provided always that the same persons shall be re-eligible. 7. Resolved, That the Presbyterian Board of Publication may also, at any of its regular meetings, elect persons to fill vacancies occurring by death, re- signation, or otherwise. Overtures Nos. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, were taken up, and disposed of as follows, viz. Overture No. 10. An overture from the Presbytery of Palmyra proposing that the Assembly should establish immediately a literary institution of high order in Oregon. The recommendation of the committee was adopted, viz. Resolved, That it is not expedient for this General Assembly to grant the request. Overture No. 11. An overture from Thomas R. Lee, a member of this house, proposing certain specific alterations in the Book of Discipline, was referred to a special committee to report to the next Assembly, viz. Rev. Mr. Cunningham, Dr. Hoge, Dr. Howe, Hon. E. A. Nisbit, and Hon. Job John- ston. Overture No. 12. An overture from the Presbytery of Mississippi, re- questing the General Assembly to recommend to the Board of Publicatit^n to issue suitable books of sermons and helps for devotion, to be used by vacant congregations; and to inquire whether ruling elders representing such con- gregations should be interrogated concerning the observance of the recom- mendations contained in chap. xxi. of the Form of Government. The recom- mendation of the committee was adopted, viz. Resolved, That the former part of this overture relating to the publication of books be referred to the Board of Publication ; and that the latter part be answered in the affirmative. Overture No. 13. An overture from the Synods of Philadelphia and New Jersey, the one requesting, and the other objecting to a proposed alteration of their boundary line. The recommendation of the committee was adopted, viz. Resolved, That as the two Synods interested in the question ai - e not agreed in relation to it, it is inexpedient for the Assembly to make the alteration pro- posed by the Synod of Philadelphia. Overture No. 14. An overture from the Presbytery of Oxford, in refer- ence to an alleged inaccuracy in the printed Minutes of the General Assem- bly of 1844. The recommendation of the committee was adopted, viz. Resolved, That this overture be referred to the Stated Clerk of the Assem- 402 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. bly with the request that he would report to this house the facts in reference to the case referred to. Overture No. 15. An overture from the Presbytery of Louisiana, pre- senting several constitutional questions for the decision of the Assembly, was referred to the same special committee to whom was referred overture No. 11, to report to the next Assembly. The tellers appointed to collect and count the votes for Directors of the Board of Publication reported the following persons as duly elected, viz. MINISTERS. LAYMEN. A. Alexander, D.D. W. Auchincloss, J. VV. McDowell, D. D. J. B. Ross, W. D. Snodgrass, D. D. Hon. Harmar Denny, N. H. Hardin, D. D. J. Dunlap, C. C. Cuyler, D. D. Wm. S. Martien, W. S. Plumer, D. D. H. McKeen, C. C. Jones, D. D. J. P. Engles, C. C. Beatty, D. D. Hon. Joel Jones, R. J. Breckinridge, D. D. E. Vaill, J. N. Campbell, D. D. D. C. Campbell, Thomas Smythe, D. D. S. Franklin, Reuben Smith, Hon. N. Ewing. R. S. Berry, Rev. S. Ramsay Wilson in the room of Rev. J. L. Wilson, D. D.; Rev. J. W. Alexander in the room of Mr. Loughridge ; W. Chester, D. D., in the room of Rev. J. Culbertson ; ministers. Mr. Foster in the room of Mr. Bayless; and Mr. Walker in the room of Mr. Morris, laymen. And then the Assembly adjourned. Concluded with prayer. MONDAY Afternoon, 4 o'clock. The Assembly met, and was opened with prayer. The minutes were read and approved. The tellers appointed to collect and count the ballots for Directors of the Board of Education, reported the following persons as elected, viz. For Four Years. MINISTERS. LAYMEN. Philip Lindsley, D. D. M. L. Bevan, David Magie, D. D. Hon. N. Ewing, George Potfs, D. D. Thomas McKeen, R. J. Breckinridge, D. D. H. H. Leverett, A.Tudehope, F.N.King, M. B. Hope, M.D. James Patterson, Wm. Chester, D. D. Wm. S. Ridgley, M. D. W. W. Phillips, D. D. James H. Fitzgerald, John I. White. And the Hon. Eugenius A. Nisbit for three years to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. A. G. Miller. On motion, Resolved, 1. That the thanks of this General Assembly be respectfully tendered to the citizens of Richmond and its vicinity, for their polite and hos- pitable attentions during the sittings of the Assembly ; and also to the direc- tors of the steamboat and railroad companies for the generous facilities granted the members in going to and from the city of Richmond. Resolved, 2. That the thanks of the Assembly be returned to the session A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 403 of the First Presbyterian Church for the use of their house of worship ; and that these resolutions be published in the daily papers of the city. On motion, Resolved, 1. That this Assembly has heard with satisfaction the sermon preached by the Rev. C. C. Jones, D. D., of Georgia, according to their ap- pointment, on the subject of the religious instruction of the coloured popula- tion. Resolved, 2. That the Assembly regard this subject as one of very great interest and importance, and recognize the goodness of God in opening this field to our ministers and missionaries to so large an extent, and with such cordial approbation from the community. Resolved, 3. That the Board of Missions be directed, if it appears to them advisable, to appoint a secretary or general agent from and for the South and South-west, who shall superintend the collection of funds and the location of missionaries, and attend to the other duties of this department, in co-operation with the Presbyteries and churches in that section of country. The Stated Clerk, to whom was referred the Memorial of the Presbytery of Oxford relating to an inaccuracy in the Minutes of 1844, as to the boundary line between the Synods of Cincinnati and Indiana, made a statement on the subject ; whereupon it was Resolved, That the word " Northern" should be inserted before the word " Indiana," on page 369 of the Minutes referred to. It was moved, that in order to meet the wants of the Church, this General Assembly recommend to the Board of Publication to prepare and publish as soon as practicable, a system of doctrinal and scriptural questions adapted to the use of Bible-classes and Sabbath-schools. The resolution was laid on the table. It was moved, 1. That the various Boards of the Church be, and they here- by are, authorized to establish a paper to be published weekly, in which such communications as said Boards may consider valuable, may be placed before the churches. 2. That it be recommended to the members of the Church to sustain and patronize such paper. 3. That the price of said paper be made as cheap as may be consistent with its healthy existence. The resolutions were laid on the table. On motion, Resolved, That in view of the continuance of the war in which we are en- gaged, and of the great and dreadful evils of war, it be earnestly recommended to all our churches to humble themselves before Almighty God, with confes- sion of their own sins and of the people, and to engage in fervent and con- tinued prayer that as individuals and as a nation we may be forgiven ; that there may be a speedy, righteous, and amicable adjustment of all existing difficulties with other nations; and that we may be permitted to enjoy without interruption the blessings of peace. Resolved, That all pastors, and all others preaching statedly, be requested to bring this subject before the several churches in which they minister, on the second Sabbath of July, or as soon after as it may be convenient, and to urge upon our people, the duty pointed out in the foregoing resolution. The Rev. Mr. Berry offered a protest on behalf of himself and others, against the decision of the Assembly in judicial case, No. 1, which was read and admitted to record. On motion, Messrs. Hoge, Hoyt, and Simril were appointed a committee to answer the protest. The Committee on Leave of Absence reported that they had granted leave to Messrs. Hume and Jackson. The Committee on the Narrative of the State of Religion presented a re- 404 MINUTES OF THE [A. D. 1847. port, which was read, adopted, and ordered to be printed in the Appendix to the Minutes. On motion, Resolved, That the Trustees of the General Assembly be directed to pay to the Stated Clerk, the bills for the incidental expenses. The Committee appointed to answer the Protest of W. T. Berry and others, presented a report, which was read and adopted, and, together with the protest, ordered to be entered on the Minutes, as follows, viz. PROTEST. The undersigned protest against the decision of this Assembly on dismis- sing the complaint of Colin Mclver and others against the Synod of North Carolina for the following reasons. 1. The action of the Assembly of 1845 on the ground of which the complaint is dismissed by this Assembly, was not a judicial determination of the case. 2. If it had been a judicial determina- tion of the case, it was unconstitutional, and therefore void, because (1.) it thereby restored to the ministry and the privileges of the Church, one who had been convicted of an act which the Confession of Faith, chap. 24, sect. 4, declares, " that no law of man or consent of parties can ever make valid." (2.) It was not competent for the Assembly of 1845 to give the advice and recommendation which they did in this case. (3.) According to the recom- mendation of the Assembly itself, the action of the Presbytery was discretion- ary, and they were responsible for the exercise of that discretion to the higher courts. R. T. Berry, James Kerr, W. H. Mitchell, A. O. Patterson, G. T. Snow- den, A. G. Mcllwaine, W. W. White, Loyal Young, P. J. Sparrow, W. T. Adams, J. L. Belville, Sayrs Gazlay, Wm. Cooper, John P. Kerr, Edward W. Wright, James Johnston. ANSWER. The Protestants have respectfully and honestly stated their views; but, we apprehend, have mistaken the true nature of the case; for, 1. The Assembly of 1845 declare in their records that they did act Judicially on the complaint and memorial of Rev. A. McQueen; and did decide that the ends of discipline were answered in his case; and it is not competent for the Protestants or for this Assembly to declare the contrary. 2. As this case was before them in a regular manner, it is, therefore, not correct to affirm that their act was unconstitutional in this respect; or on ac- count of the nature of their decision. 3. The constitution, in the place adduced, is to be interpreted by the Word of God, which, we apprehend, does not sustain the interpretation of the Pro- testants in that sense of it which they make the basis of their protest. Further answer we conceive is made unnecessary by the terms of the re- solution adopted. The Clerks made a report upon the papers suitable to be published in the Appendix; whereupon the Stated Clerk was instructed to publish in the Ap- pendix as follows, viz. Reports of Delegates to Corresponding Bodies; Re- ports of Trustees and Directors of the different Theological Seminaries; Re- port and accompanying documents of the Treasurer of Trustees of General Assembly; Abstracts of Reports of Boards of Domestic and Foreign Mis- sions, Education, and Publication; Narrative of the State of Religion; and Reports of Committees on such subjects of interest and importance as the Assembly directs. On motion, Dr. Snodgrass was added to the Special Committee to whom were referred overtures Nos. 11 and 15. A. D. 1847.] GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 405 Whereas it is of great importance, for many reasons, that all the benevo- lent operations of the Church should be managed with the most thorough and careful economy that is consistent with the highest degree of success; therefore, Resolved, That the following persons, viz. Dr. Plumer, Mr. Brown, Mr. Hunt, Mr. Russell, and Mr. Walker, be appointed to examine the pecuniary management of the Boards of the General Assembly; that they confer with the Boards respectively, and suggest such improvements as they may be able to devise; and that they report fully to the next General Assembly. The roll was called, and on motion, no record made of absentees. . The minutes were read and approved. The Assembly having completed their business, it was Resolved, That this General Assembly be dissolved, and that another General Assembly, chosen in like manner, be required to meet in the First Presbyterian Church in the city of Baltimore, on the third Thursday of May, A. D. 1848, at eleven o'clock, A. M. Accordingly, the Moderator dissolved the Assembly with singing, prayer, and the apostolical benediction. ROBERT DAVIDSON, Permanent Clerk. Richmond, May 31st, 1847. Vol. XI.— 42 ( 406 ) APPENDIX. NARRATIVE OF THE STATE OF RELIGION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES, AND ADDRESSED TO THE CHURCHES UNDER THEIR CARE. Christian Brethren — While occupied with matters pertaining to the govern- ment and discipline of the Church in her external and visible relations, we do not forget that her vital interests are those which are internal and spiritual. " As the body without the spirit is dead," so faith and government in the house of God are nothing without the presence and agency of that divine Spirit, who is the sole efficient agent in edifying the body of Christ, as well as in quickening those who are dead in trespasses and sins. The Assembly therefore turn with interest, in the course of their sessions, to the Reports of the Presbyteries on the State of Re- ligion within their respective bounds; expecting that these communications will reveal the internal condition of the Church in some measure as it is, and serve as a guide to right sentiments and feelings in the review of the past, as well as to proper resolutions and purposes in reference to the future. Narratives have been received during the sessions of this Assembly from eighty- four Presbyteries ; and these, when collated and compared, exhibit almost all the varieties of light and shade which a moral picture could be supposed to present. They bring before our minds alternate views of dearth and fruitful showers, of barrenness and of fruitfulness, of lukewarmness and zeal, of decline and improve- ment. And, while this is true of Presbyteries as compared with each other, the remark is often applicable to congregations within the limits of the same Pres- bytery. There is a remarkable agreement among the reports in what they communicate respecting the attendance of our people upon the public worship of God on the Sabbath. Most of the Presbyteries refer to this; and, with few exceptions, speak of the attendance, not only as equal to what it has been in former years, but as better to a degree which is highly encouraging. As faith cometh by hearing, we cannot but regard this as a token for good. It may be that we are thus furnished with a providential sign that the Lord is preparing his own way, and that the time is near when a rich harvest is to be reaped as the fruit of the seed which is thus extensively sown. We notice also with pleasure, lhat a large number of the Presbyteries refer with evident satisfaction to the peace and harmony which prevail in the churches under their care. For, although the absence of disunion and contention is no certain proof that the cause of truth and piety is advancing upon the surrounding world, it is yet a good and pleasant thing for brethren to dwell together in unity. The Spirit of theXord is the spirit of peace ; and to keep the unity of the spirit in the A. D. 1947.] NARRATIVE OF THE STATE OF RELIGION. 407 bond of peace is one of the great duties devolved upon professing Christians. You will rejoice therefore in the intelligence, that the churches have been so exten- sively preserved during the past year from all occasions of alienation and strife, and have walked together with so much agreement and good- will in the faith and fellowship of the gospel. We are not aware that any previous Assembly has received intelligence from so many quarters, of efforts made for the liquidation of debts upon houses of wor- ship. The evils resulting from the pressure of pecuniary claims of this descrip- tion are so multiform and serious, that we cannot but rejoice in every successful effort either to remove or lighten the burden which they impose. A new interest has evidently been awakened in many of the churches on this subject. And, in cases not a few, the immediate practical result has been, the payment in full of pecuniary liabilities which had long interfered with their prosperity, and restrained their liberality towards other objects of benevolence. Although the Assembly do not perceive any marked difference between the re- ports of this and several previous years in respect to the religious training of the young, they still regard the subject as too important to be dismissed without no- tice. The children and youth of any one generation are to form the character and give shape to the destinies of the generation which is to follow. And, for this reason, there are no efforts so full of promise to the Church and the world as those which bear upon the education of the rising race in the pure principles of the gospel of Christ. Jt is with reference to this end that our Sabbath-schools are collected and organized, that our Bible classes are formed, and that measures are taken to instruct the children of our congregations in the catechisms of the Church. These modes of education, although they are not intended, and cannot with safety be allowed, to take the place of parental instruction, are nevertheless to be re- garded as important auxiliaries. And we are enabled to state, that during the past year, the interest of the churches in them has suffered no decline. They have been employed quite as extensively, and in many cases with more vigour and effi- ciency than heretofore. We also notice with pleasure that one of the Presby- teries (West Jersey) remarks, " We are beginning to inquire into the practica- bility of organizing Parochial Schools, in which the children of our churches may receive a Christian education ; and it is expected that three or four of these will be opened in the course of the summer ;" and that in the report of another Pres- bytery (Western District) we find it stated: "In the first church in Memphis a Parochial School has been established, and other churches have that subject under consideration." These are examples which we trust will be followed by the other Presbyteries in quick and rapid succession. It is high time that all evangelical churches were awake to the importance of securing an education on Christian principles to those who are to occupy the posts of influence when the fathers have fallen asleep. It is our privilege to say, in view of the sources of information which have been opened to us by the Presbyteries, that our congregations have done more than in any former year, to advance the cause of Christ by their pecuniary contributions. To say nothing of the sums which have been expended in erecting new houses of worship, in supplying the famishing of other lands with the means of subsistence, and in sustaining benevolent enterprises which are not immediately under the Care of our own church, we find that the Boards of Domestic and Foreign Missions, and the Board of Education, all report an increase in the amount of their funds, and speak of their fields of labour respectively, as becoming wider and more white unto the harvest. We cannot enter into particulars here ; nor is it needful, as the reports of these Boards at length, will be spread before the church for their perusal and consideration. But you will allow us to say, affectionately and earnestly, that we have only begun to do our duty in the great work of raising up a learned, pious, and faithful ministry, and in sending them forth to supply the waste places both at home and abroad. The age and country in which we live, the number and resources of our church, the love of Christ, the wants of the world, and the hope of heaven, call upon us for still greater things in this department than we have yet accomplished. We are notified by the Board of Publication, that, during the past year, they have taken a step in advance of their previous action. They have resolved on availing themselves of the colporteur system in circulating their issues among the 409 NARRATIVE OF THE STATE OF RELIGION. [Appendix. churches, and in destitute neighbourhoods. The value of this agency has been so far exemplified in the experience of other associations, as fully to justify the ex- pectation that if they should be enabled to employ it extensively, the results would be most happy. This however, they cannot do unless funds are placed at their disposal for this purpose. The income from the sale of books would not justify them in going forward to any considerable extent; but, having received generous donations from a few individuals, and trusting that the plan will find increasing favour, they have entered upon the work. A few agents have been appointed, who have already entered upon their respective fields, and their purpose is to in- crease the number as fast as the means which they may receive will warrant. In reviewing the past, we find that notice has been taken by several previous Assemblies of the interest manifested in the religious instruction of the coloured population of our country. The reports received this year, justify the belief that this interest has greatly increased since the meeting of the last Assembly. Almost all the Presbyteries covering the ground where this portion of our population are found in the greatest numbers, refer to the subject, and speak of efforts to supply them with the means of grace, as being decidedly on the advance. The following are specimens of the communications we have received on this subject. The Pres- bytery of South Alabama say: "Perhaps without a solitary exception, our minis- ters are devoting a considerable part of their labours to the benefit of the coloured population. It is a field which we all love to cultivate; and to some, the great Head of the Church is intimating an abundant harvest." " Most of our pastors," say the Presbytery of Charleston, "devote a part of their time to the exclusive service of the blacks, and in some instances with the most pleasing success. A scheme is now in agitation, with the full consent of the Presbytery, for establish- ing; an African church in the city of Charleston." The Presbytery of Georgia remark, in relation to one of their number who devotes his whole time to this work: " During the year he has been blessed with a revival in one part of his field of labour. Fourteen professed conversion, and were added to the church. An- other brother, in another part of our bounds, reports the conversion and reception into the church to which he ministers of eight coloured persons." And the Presbytery of Hopewell speakof their churches generally, as cheerfully yielding the half of their pastor's services to this department of labour. They also express the belief that several churches will soon be erected for the exclusive accommodation of the coloured people, and that the field will be occupied as missionary ground by at least one of their number, who is deeply interested in the work. Many other Presbyteries have addressed us in substantially the same language; and we record these facts as going to encourage the hope that a better day is about to dawn upon the interests of this long neglected class of our people. On the subject of Temperance the reports of this year are exceedingly various, and, on the whole, less encouraging than we were prepared to expect. Seventeen of the Presbyteries speak of the cause either as stationary, or retrograde in some parts of their bounds, while the number is much fewer that represent it as exhibiting tokens of decided advancement. It is true, indeed, as one of the Presbyteries re- marks, that we are to distinguish between the temperance cause and temperance societies. The latter may sometimes suffer a temporary decline in numbers and efficiency, for other reasons than because the great principles of the temperance reformation are losing their hold upon the public mind. And this, we would hope, is in some measure true of the present position of things, in reference to this in- terest. But, however this may be, it is plain enough that intemperance is still a giant evil among the others, which are spreading desolation through the land, and one which, in many places, is increasing instead of declining in strength. Let the members of our churches and congregations be assured of this; but, instead of filling them with alarm or discouragement, let this assurance awaken them to new and more faithful exertions in endeavouring to stem the tide of this evil, and de- liver the nation from its unrelenting and cruel bondage. We learn from the Reports of twenty-one of our Presbyteries, that special awakenings, more or less extensive, have occurred within their bounds during the progress of the year. In some cases, the churches are mentioned by name, while in others, the statements are without reference to particular localities. The Pres- bytery of Charleston speak of their largest church as having received an addition during the year, of one hundred and twenty-two converts, who give good reasons A. D. 1847.] REFORTS OF DELEGATES. 409 for believing that they have been born again ; and also of the presence of the Spirit as having been felt in other churches. The Presbytery of Hopewell say: "Reviving showers of Divine grace have descended on nine churches." And they refer to Franklin College, at Athens, Georgia, the University at Midway, and two schools under the care of two members of Presbytery, as participating in this spi- ritual bounty. The Presbytery of Flint River report jive churches in which the work of God has been attended with much power and grace, and the Presbyteries of Louisville, West Hanover, and Transylvania about an equal number; the latter referring especially to the College at Danville, as having shared in the converting influences of the Spirit. One or more churches have received refreshing visita- tions within the bounds of the Presbyteries of Tuscaloosa, Columbia, Harmony, East Alabama, Missouri, East Hanover, Iowa, Schuyler, Brazos, Palestine, Miami, Ohio, Raritan, Newton, Elizabethtown, and New York; and, after these, there are several others which speak of an awakened state of feeling among professing Christians, where no considerable accessions have occurred from the world. But while we record ihese tokens of the Divine presence and favour, with gra- titude to the Head of the Church and as an encouragement to believe that God is still waiting to be gracious, we are compelled in truth and faithfulness to say that a large majority of the Presbyteries speak of the piety of the churches generally as in a low state. They mourn over the lukewarmness of professing Christians, their worldly conformity, their want of interest in meetings for prayer and Chris- tian communion, and the consequent inefficiency of their example and influence for good. There is great reason for humiliation, repentance, and turning to the Lord on this behalf. The Spirit of the Lord is not among us as in former times; and we trust, brethren, that you will be disposed, with us, to cry aloud and spare not, until God shall return and make our Jerusalem a praise in the earth. We are admonished by the reports which we have received of the death of both ministers and elders, that our time for prayer and labour is short, and that whatsoever our hands rind to do, it becomes us to do with our might. One Pres- bytery records the death of no less than three of their number, as occurring in the short period of six months ; and this list, if we were in possession of all the facts, might be greatly extended. We, as individuals, are to be followers of them who through faith and patience have inherited the promises in death as well as in life. The Master in whose vineyard we labour, will soon convey to us the message: "Give an account of thy stewardship; thou mayest be no longer steward." Wherefore, beloved brethren, let us arise and work while it is called to-day. Let us forget the things which are behind, and reach forth to those things which are before. Let us be steadfast and unmovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as we know that our labour is not in vain in the Lord." J. H. Thornwell, Moderator. Richmond, June, 1847. REPORTS OF DELEGATES. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE GENERAL CONFERENCE OF MAINE. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Rev. and Dear Sir, — The undersigned being commissioned by the last Assem- bly as a delegate to the General Conference of Maine, reports that in accord- ance with that appointment, he attended, in June last, the sessions of said Con- ference in Augusta, the capital of the State, and was received and treated with the kindness due to their character as Christian gentlemen, as well as the con- sideration due to the body by which he was commissioned. Your commissioner was not only gratified, as a man, by the considerations of respect paid to him personally, but as a minister of the Presbyterian Church, with the evidences of piety, talents, and orthodoxy there exhibited. In all their exer- cises there was a uniform and unfailing character of devotedness to their Master evinced both in their personal intercourse and the high tone of their doctrinal truth. 42* 410 REroRTs or delegates. [Appendix. Your delegate was permitted to recount what God was doing for and by the venerable body from which he came, and as of old, in Phenice and Samaria, it appeared to cause " great joy unto all the brethren." Your Commissioner would further remark the great pleasure which he enjoyed in the many evidences which appeared to him, on his journey and intercourse with the brethren, of the reflex, if not direct influence in favour of the truth as it is in Christ, which has resulted to our American Zion in all its orthodox branches from the recent struggle and testimony of the Presbyterian Church. J. Gray. Easton, Pa., May 15th, 1847. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE GENERAL CONVENTION OF VERMONT. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Rev. and Dear Sir, — The undersigned having been appointed by the General Assembly of 1846, a delegate to the General Convention of Vermont, respectfully reports that he attended to the duties of his appointment, and met the Convention in Middlebury, in June last. Your delegate was received with Christian courtesy and kindness, and had his spirits refreshed by the fellowship of those worthy brethren. They evinced much interest in the statements he had the privilege of making concerning the efforts making in the Southern portion of country, to give the gos- pel to the slave by our own and sister churches — and the wide and increasing field of usefulness opened to the American Church in this interesting department of Christian enterprise. The Convention, in a spirit of reciprocal courtesy, ap- pointed a delegate to represent them in the General Assembly for the present year. All which is respectfully submitted, Robert S. Finley. Memphis, Tennessee, 6th May, 1847. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE GENERAL ASSOCIATION OF MASSA- CHUSETTS. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Dear Sir, — It is my duty to report to the Assembly, that I attended the Gene- ral Association of the Congregational Churches of Massachusetts, which met in the town of Pepperel, in the month of June last. Dr. P. Lindsley was principal, and I attended as alternate. There was a full and harmonious meeting of delegates, and a fraternal and con- servative spirit seemed to prevail amongst them. They gave me a very cordial reception, and manifested a disposition to maintain friendly relations with this body. A delegate was appointed to attend this Assem- bly as their representative. With respect and affection, yours, B. H. Rice. Richmond, 30th May, 1847. P. S. This report should have been made at an earlier day, but for my peculiar circumstances. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE EVANGELICAL CONSOCIATION OF RHODE ISLAND. Salem, N. J., May 18, 1847. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Rev. and Dear Sir — The undersigned respectfully reports that he attended according to appointment, the Evangelical Consociation of Rhode Island, at Wes- terly, in June last; that be received a kind and fraternal welcome in the capacity of delegate from the Assembly ; and was much gratified by his intercourse with the members of the Consociation. It is a small body, but pervaded by an excel- lent spirit, and evidently 'contributes materially to the cause of truth and godli- A. D. 1847.] REPORTS OF DELEGATES. 411 ness in that small bat interesting- State. A delegate was appointed to meet the Assembly in 1847; and the body itself convenes again at Newport, in June next, where a delegate from the Assembly will doubtless meet a cordial reception. Respectfully, your servant in Christ, James J. Helm. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE GENERAL ASSOCIATION OF CONNECTICUT. Lawrenceville, N. J., May 15, 1847. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Rev. and Dear Sir — The undersigned, appointed by the General Assembly of 1846, to attend the General Association of Connecticut, reports that he fulfilled his appointment. The Association met in Somers, Tolland county, on the 19th of June, and re- mained in session about two days. In performing the duties of his mission, it was the object of your delegate, after tendering to the brethren of the Association an expression of your good wishes, to give a brief statement of the condition and prospects of our branch of the church. And in doing this he did not forget to turn their attention particularly to the interest we have taken in the coloured population. The views of many of those brethren in relation to us, as connected with this subject, I am happy to say, are greatly modified. Being requested by one of the District Associations to " remon- strate" with us, touching our duty to this part of our people, the General Associa- tion appointed a committee whose report referred to our action on this subject in the kindest terms, and was unanimously adopted. Whilst there did not appear to have been so many added to their churches as in some previous years, there was, manifestly, indicated a growing attachment to gospel truth. Delegates were appointed to attend your present meeting. More than ever sensible of the importance of kind, fraternal intercourse, the undersigned respectfully submits the above, expressing the hope that this disposi- tion to a friendly correspondence on their part will continue to be reciprocated by us. Yours, &c. Joseph Mahon. REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH. To the Moderator of the General Assembly. Rev. and Dear Sir — It was my privilege to be appointed by the General As- sembly of 1846, as a delegate to the General Synod of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church. That venerable body held its session in the city of Albany, and continued from the 3d to the 11th day of June. Your delegate was received with marked kindness and Christian courtesy, and with no small degree of gratification witnessed the proceedings of that orthodox and Christian Synod. The highest degree of parliamentary order and Christian kindness prevailed, even in their most earnest discussions, and uniformly marked their deliberations. The respected president of that body took occasion during the session, to assure your delegate on behalf of the Synod, that they feel bound to the Presbyterian Church by a close affinity, a special regard and a peculiar affection, inasmuch as we stand on the same basis of Christian faith, are animated by the same earnest zeal for the peculiar and distinguishing doctrines of grace, and contend with one accord against all the shades of error involved in the great apostacy. He also expressed the deep interest felt by that Synod in maintaining a friendly correspondence with the General Assembly. The Synod is a delegated body composed of an equal representation of minis- 412 theological seminaries. [Appendix. ters and elders from the twenty-four classes composing the two particular Synods of Albany and New York. They are prosecuting the work of Education to some extent, and that of Domestic and Foreign Missions with efficiency. They look with no ordinary degree of interest upon the example and operations of the Gene- ral Assembly in ihese different departments of Christian enterprise. Their Col- lege and Theological Seminary appear to be in a prosperous condition. The summary of their statistics in 1846, is as follows: Whole number churches, 271 " ministers, 280 " candidates, 3 " students, 27 " of families, 23,301 Total of the congregations, 104,098 Received on confession, 841 " certificate, 961 Total of communicants, 32,209 Infants baptized, 132 Adults, 150 Catechumens, 6,138 Number of Sabbath schools, 356 Number of scholars, 18,303 The Synod appointed the Rev. Jacob Schoonmaker, D.D., primarius, and the Rev. Samuel A. Van Vranken,D.D., secundus, to attend the General Assembly of 1S47. The next meeting of the Synod will be held in the city of New York, on the 3d day of June, 1847. Yours, most respectfully, Henry G. Comingo. Steubenville, Ohio, May 1, 1847. THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS OF UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, IN PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY, VIRGINIA, MAY 1, 1847. The undersigned, in behalf of the Directors of Union Seminary, under the care of the Synods of Virginia and North Carolina, respectfully reports to the General Assembly, that, during the Seminary year, terminating the 10th day of June, 1846, there were eighteen students in connexion with the Institution, of whom the following have been matriculated during the year, viz. Wm. H. Ruffner, a graduate of Washington College, Va. J. E. Hughes, do. Hampden Sidney College, Va. John S. Grasty, do. do. do. do. Thomas H. Morehead, do. Centre College, Ky. Henry Sturges, do. College of New Jersey. The following gentlemen received certificates of their having completed the course of studies required by the plan of the Seminary in June, 1846, viz. R. L. Dabney, of Louisa county, Va. A. L. Hogshead, of Monroe county, Va. J. M. Humphreys, of Augusta county, Va. D. C. Humphreys, do. do. C. K. Caldwell, of Mecklenburg, N. C. .1. H. Smith, of Lexington, Va. J. M. Rice, of Franklin county, Va. The current session closes on the 9th day of June, 1847, and the next term commences on the 18th day of August, 1847. A. D. 1847.] THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 413 The confidence of the Board in the faithfulness of the instructors is undimin- ished ; and the annual contribution, by Union Seminary, of ministers well pre- pared for efficient service in their holy work, yields ample testimony of the ability of Professors and Associate Instructor. The following ministers and ruling elders compose the Board of Directors, viz. OF THE SYNOD OF NORTH CAROLINA. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. John A. Gretter, William W. Carrington, M. D. E. McNair, Richard V. Watkins, Henry N. Pharr, James Garland. A. G. Hughes, Drury Lacy, Archibald Baker, Robert Burwell, A. L. Watts. OF THE SYNOD OF VIRGINIA. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Andrew Hart, C. C. Read, WilliamS. White, A. G. Mcllwaine, Benjamin M. Smith, William A. Bell, William H. Foote, William S. Morton, M. D. John Leyburn, John D. Ewing, George W. McPhail. The term of office of the following Directors expires with the sessions of their respective Synods, viz. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. J. D. Ewing, W. S. Morton, M. D. G. W. McPhail, James Garland. R. Burwell, A. L. Watts. There are two vacancies in the Directory, occasioned by a removal from the bounds of their respective Synods, of the Rev. Dr. William S. Plumer, and N. C. Read, Esq. THE OFFICERS OF THE BOARD ARE , President. Rev. Robert Burwell, of North Carolina, 1st. Vice President. Rev. W. Henry Foote, of Virginia, 2d Vice President. C. C. Read, Farmville, Virginia, Secretary pro tern. F. N. Watkins, Farmville, Virginia, Treasurer. THE PROFESSORS OF THE SEMINARY ARE Rev. Samuel B. Wilson, D. D. Professor of Theology. Rev. Samuel L. Graham, D. D. Professor of Oriental and Biblical Literature. Rev. Francis S. Sampson, A. M. Assistant Instructor. Respectfully submitted. C. C. Read, Secretary pro tern, to the Board. The Post-office address of the Professors and Students of Union Seminary, is Prince Edward Court House, Virginia. 414 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. [Appendix, TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, ALLEGHENY CITY, PA. The Board of Directors of the Western Theological Seminary respectfully report to the General Assembly, that since the last annual report, the following sixteen students have been regularly matriculated, viz. James H. Callen, a graduate of La Fayette College, Pennsylvania. D. Elliott Campbell, do. R. S. Dinsmore, S. M. Eaton, do. George Elliott, do. James P. Fulton, do. William F. Hamilton, do. Silas Johnston, O. J. King, do. John J. Neal, do. Michael Parkinson, do. Joseph S. Pomroy, do. W. G. Taylor, do. John W. Walker, do. R. E. Williams, Marshall College, Pa. West Alexander Academy, Pa. Jefferson College, Pa. Duquesne College, Pa. Washington College, Pa. do. do. Martinsburgh Academy, Ohio. Washington College, Pa. do. do. Jefferson College, Pa. do. do. do. do. do. do. Nassau Hall, New Jersey. William Wilson, Muskingum College, Ohio. The highest number of students in attendance during the year has been forty- eight. The students have been examined in the presence of a committee, who report that the examinations were satisfactory. Certificates of having finished the whole course prescribed in the plan were conferred by the Board on the following seven students, viz. William Edgar, William R. Fulton, Thomas S. Leason, Andrew McElwain, Ephraim Ogden, David C. Reed, and George W. Shaiffer. The Board further report, that the Rev. Lewis W. Green, D. D. tendered to the Board on the third day of October last, his resignation of the Professorship to which he was elected by the General Assembly, and which he has occupied to the entire satisfaction of the Board for several years past, having been called to take charge of a church in Baltimore. Professor Green retired from his duties in the Seminary in February last, since which time his department has been filled by the joint labours of the other Professors. The term of office of the following members of the Board expires during the sessions of the Assembly : MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Robert Johnston, Harmar Denny, William Jeffery, Alexander Semple, Charles C. Beatty, D. D. Malcolm Leech. Samuel McFarren, D. D. Loyal Young, Richard Lea, Henry G. Comingo. One vacancy for two years in place of the Rev. R. Dunlap, deceased. THE PROFESSORS IN THE SEMINARY ARE Rev. David Elliott, D. D., Professor of Didactic and Polemic Theology. Rev. Alexander T. McGill, D. D., Professor of Ecclesiastical History and Church Government. A. D. 1847.] THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 415 THE DIRECTORS OF THE SEMINARV ARE MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. David McConaughy, D. D. Alexander Laughlin, A. O. Patterson, D. D. Francis G. Bailey, R. J. Breckenridge, D. D. Thomas Kiddoo, A. D. Campbell, D. D. Samuel Wilson, Absalom McCready. Francis Hprron, D. D. Luke Loomis, Elisha P. Swift, D. D. Henry Manner), William B. Mcllvaine, Benjamin Williams, Matthew Brown, D. D. John Stockton, John Kerr, James Alexander. Robert Johnston, Harmar Denny, William Jeffery, Alexander Semple, Charles C. Beatty, D. D. Malcolm Leech. Samuel McFarren, D. D. Loyal Young, Richard Lea, Henry G. Comingo. The Rev. Robert Dunlap, a member, and Secretary of the Board, elected by the last Assembly, is deceased. THE OFFICERS OF THE BOARD ARE Francis Herron, D. D., President. Elisha P. Swift, D.D., Vice-President. William B. Mcllvaine, Secretary. The following Scholarships have been established in the Seminary, viz. The Patterson Scholarship, founded by Mr. Thomas Patterson, of Allegheny county, Pennsylvania. The Smith Scholarship, founded by Mr. Robert Smith, of county, Pa. The McNeely Scholarship, founded by Miss Nancy McNeely, of Washington county, Pa. The O'Hara Scholarship, founded by Mrs. Mary O'Hara, of Pittsburgh, Pa. The Donan Scholarship, founded by Mr. James Donan, of Washington county, Pa. Francis Herron, President. William B. McIlvaine, Secretary. May VMh, 1847. SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, ALLEGHENY CITY, PA. The Trustees in presenting their Report to the General Assembly, respectfully state, that while the past year was not exempt from difficulties and embarrass- ments, still we fondly hope, that under the fostering care of the Head of the Church, the time is not far distant when the existence of the Institution will be no longer problematical. The Trustees respectfully, but earnestly request the friendly co-operation of the General Assembly. The committee appointed to audit the accounts of the Treasurer, reported as follows: viz. " The Committee appointed to examine the accounts of the Treasurer, report that they have attended to the same, with the vouchers from the 6th of May, 1846, 416 theological seminaries. [Appendix. to May 12th, 1847, and found them correct, that there is in his hands a balance of one hundred and thirteen dollars and eighty cents. Charles C. Beatty, ) . ,.,. „ Robert Wray, \ Aud ^ n g Committee. May 12th, 1847." The receipts and disbursements of the year are as follows: May 6th, 1846, balance in Treasury, .... $172 60 Receipts during the year, ...... 5670 26 Total, $5842 86 Paid out for various purposes, ..... 5729 06 Balance in Treasury, ....... $113 80 The subscriptions to the Endowment Fund amount to about $40,000, of which between $13,000 and $14,000 are paid, and carefully invested, at six per cent, interest. The Professors' salaries are paid up to the 1st of April, 1846. The Board of Trustees would respectfully recommend the following changes in their number: Omit the names of— A. S. McMaster, James Culbertson, M. Brown, E. Gra- ham, Robert Johnson, A. McCready, J. Alexander, J. Stockton, S. McFarren, D. McConaughy, Robert Dunlap, And substitute the names of—M. Allen, Samuel Bailey, H. Childs, J. T. Logan, P. McCormick, John Irwin, Sr., William Robinson, Jr., J. R. Speer, James Laugh- lin, Richard Lee, J. D. Williams. The Board have to record the deaths of the Rev. R. Dunlap, and James Cul- bertson. Respectfully submitted. Signed by order of the Board, May 15, 1847. R. Wray, Secretary. CHARTER OF WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. OF THE SESSION OF 1844. No. 116. An Act incorporating the Trustees of the Western Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, at the city of Allegheny, in the Stale of Pennsylvania. Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enact- ed by the authority of the same, that David McConaughy, A. O. Patterson, Robert Dunlap, A. D. Campbell, N. Gillet, James Culbertson, Absalom McCready, Robert Johnson, William JefFery, C. C. Beatty, Samuel McFarren, Loyal Young, George Marshall, Algernon S. McMaster, Alexander Laughlin, Francis G. Bailey, Thomas Kiddoo, Harmar Denny, Alexander Semple, Malcolm Leech, Francis Herron, E. P. Swift, Matthew Brown, W. B. Mcllvain, John Stockton, Ebenezer Graham, James . Alexander, Robert Wray, Benjamin Williams, and Frederick Lorenzy, and their successors duly elected and appointed in the manner as is hereafter directed, be and they are hereby made, declared, and constituted a corporation and body politic and corporate in law and in fact, to have continuance for ever by the name, style, and title of " The Trustees of the Western Theological Seminary of the Presby- terian Church in the United States of America," and by the name, style, and title aforesaid, shall for ever hereafter, be persons able and capable in law as well to take, receive, and hold all, and all manner of lands, tenements, rents, annuities, re- versions, franchises, and other hereditaments whatsoever, which at any time or times hereafter have been granted, bargained, sold, enfeoffed, released, devised, or otherwise, conveyed or vested for the use of the Western Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, located at the city of .. 4^ tf&V ' «^7 HllillllllH, 1,1,1 ""'■ 'KIIIHI ^ t/| 'in ■"HlMlllllj n, " ,l ; T imiuikwHi,,,,,,, * - . Y&<5 „ . .r i I l!,.; . ■ . "2 , 7") "*0 d^J^) La. <+--biJtj!_ c~ — 3k* t C&Jt\xJi L ^ tt^>x^ „ 1 CrO , »t.«_ G^**^ 3"^'>* J V . *teJl » ~t$l ^%CL A. D. 1847.] CHARTER OF WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SE3IINARY. 417 Allegheny, state of Pennsylvania, in or to any other person or persons, to the use jf said Seminary, or in trust for the same by this Commonwealth, or by any person C ir persons whomsoever ; and the same lands, tenements, rents, annuities, rever- sions, liberties, franchises, and other hereditaments are hereby vested and estab- lished in said corporation for ever, according to the original use and interest for which sucli devices, gifts, grants, releases or other conveyances were respectively made, and the said corporation, and their successors, are hereby declared to be seized and possessed of such estate and estates therein, as in and by their respective grants, bargains, sales, enfeoffments, gifts, devises, releases, and other conveyances thereof, is or are declared, limited, or expressed; also, that the said corporation and their successors, at all times hereafter, shall and be capable and able to purchase, have and receive, take, hold and enjoy, in fee simple or of lesser estate or estates, all, and all manner of lauds, tenements, rents, annuities, franchises, and heredita- ments, by the gift, grant, bargain, sale, alienation, enfeoffment, release, confirma- tion, or devise, to any person or persons, bodies politic and corporate capable and able to make the same; and further, that the said corporation and their successors may take and receive any sum or sums of money, and any portion of goods and chat- tels that have been given or bequeathed to and for the use of the Western Theologi- cal Seminary of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, at the city of Allegheny, or to the directors thereof, or to any other person or persons, body politic or corporate in trust for the use of said Seminary, or that shall hereafter be given, sold, leased, or bequeathed to the said corporation, by any person or persons, bodies politic or corporate, that is able or capable to make, sale, lease, bequest or other disposal of the same, such money, goods, or chattels, to be laid out and dis- posed of for the use and benefit of the aforesaid corporation, agreeably to the will and intention of the donors, and according to the objects, and articles, and by-laws of the said corporation: Provided, That this act shall not be so construed to impair or affect the right of other persons or corporations, or to vest in said corporation, any other or greater estate, right, or title in the lands and tenements heretofore held by any person or persons, for the use of said Western Theological Seminary, by grant from the Commonwealth, or conveyance from any person or persons, than were held and enjoyed by such person or persons at, or before the passage of this act, and that in all suits now pending or hereafter brought concerning the real estate held or claimed by any person or persons, for the use of said Seminary prior to the passage of this act, the right and title to the same shall be tried and determined, as if this act had not been passed. Section 2. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That no mis- nomer of the said corporation and their successors, shall defeat or annul any gift, grant, devise or bequest, to or for the said corporation. Provided, the interest of the party or parties shall sufficiently appear upon the face of the gift, grant, will or other writing, whereby any estate or interest was intended to pass to or for the said corporation. Section 3. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation and their successors, shall have full power and authority to make, have and use one common seal with such device and inscription, as they shall deem proper, and the same to break, alter and renew at their pleasure. Section 4. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation and their successors, by the name, style and title aforesaid, shall be able and capable in law, to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded in any court or courts, before any judge or judges, justice or justices, in all, and all manner of suits, complaints, pleas, causes, matters and demands of whatsoever nature, kind and form they may be: and all and every matter and thing to do in as full and effectual a manner as any other person or persons, bodies politic and corporate within this commonwealth may or can do. Section 5. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation and their successors, shall be and hereby are authorized and empow- ered to make, ordain, and establish rules, by-laws, and ordinances, and do every thing needful and incident for the due and good government and support of the affairs of the said corporation, and managing the funds and revenues thereof — Provided, That the said rules, by-laws and ordinances be not repugnant to the constitution and laws of the United States, to the constitution and laws of this common wealth, or to this act. Vol. XI— 43 418 CHARTER OF WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. [Appendix. Section 6. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation shall not consist at any time of more than thirty persons, nine of whom shall at all times be laymen and citizens of the State of Pennsylvania, whereof the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, may at their annual meeting change one-third, in such manner as to the said Gene- ral Assembly shall seem proper; and the corporation aforesaid shall have power and authority to manage and dispose of all moneys, goods, chattels, lands, tene- ments and hereditaments, and all other estates whatsoever committed to their care and trust by the said General Assembly, in writing under the hand of their clerk, it shall be the duty of the said corporation to act according to such instruc- tions. — Provided, That the instructions shall not be repugnant lo the constitution and laws of the United States, or to the constitution and laws of this State, or to this act. Section 7. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That seven members of this corporation, whereof the president, or in his absence the vice- president, to be one, shall be a sufficient number to transact the business thereof, and to make by-laws, rules and regulations — Provided, That previous to any meet- ing of the board or corporation for such purposes, not appointed by adjournment, ten days notice shall be previously given thereof by the secretary or clerk of the said corporation to each of the members of the same, and the said corporation shall as often as they see proper, and according to the rules by them to be prescribed, choose out of their number a president, vice-president and secretary, and shall have authority to appoint a treasurer and such other officers and servants as shall by them the said corporation be deemed necessary — to which officers the said cor- poration may assign such a compensation for their services, and such duties to be performed by them, to continue in office for such a time and be succeeded by others in sueh a way and manner as the said corporation may direct. Section 8. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all ques- tions before said corporation shall be decided by a plurality of votes, whereof each member present shall have one, except the president, or vice-president when act- ing as president, who shall have only the casting voice or vote, in case of an equality in the votes of the other members. Section 9. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation shall keep fair and regular entries of their proceedings, and a just ac- count of their receipts and disbursements, in a book provided for that purpose, and shall once in a year exhibit to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, an exact state of the accounts and funds of the said corporation. Section 10. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said corporation may take, receive, purchase, possess and enjoy messuages, houses, lands, tenements, rents, annuities, and other hereditaments, real and personal estate of any amount. — Provided, That the clear yearly value and income shall not exceed the sum of fifteen thousand dollars. Section 11. That the legislature expressly reserves the right at any time here- after to construe, alter, amend or repeal all or any of the provisions of this act. Signed, James Ross Snowden, Speaker of the House of Representatives. William Bigler. Speaker of the Senate. Approved — the twenty-ninth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and forty-tour. David R. Porter. " I do hereby certify that the foregoing is a correct copy of an act relating to the incorporation of the Western Theological Seminary, which passed both branches of the Legislature at the session of 1844, and which received the sig- nature of the Governor. Witness this 15th day of May, 1844, William Jack, Clerk of the House of Representatives." A. D. 1847.] TITEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 419 A Supplement to "an Act incorporating the Trustees of the Western Theolo- gical Seminary of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, at the city of Allegheny in the state of Pennsylvania." Whereas, by the eleventh section of the act to which this is a supplement, the legislature of this State has reserved the right at any time hereafter to construe, alter, annul or repeal all or any of the provisions of the act to which this is a sup- plement. And whereas the exercise of that right may leave the property which may be vested in the said corpoiation, without proper trustees to manage and dispose of the same. Therefore, Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That in case the legislature of this State shall at any time hereafter construe, alter or repeal all or any of the provisions of the said act to which this is a supplement, the trustees of the said Seminary for the time being shall be and they are hereby authorized and empowered at any time within one year after any such construction, alteration, amendment or repeal, to convey all the property belonging to them as trustees as aforesaid, to any number of citizens of this State, not less than three nor more than five, whom they may select, their heirs and assigns, who shall hold the said property thus conveyed to them, their heirs and assigns, for the sole use of the said Seminary, any thing in the said act to the contrary notwithstanding. Certificate. " I do hereby certify that the above is a copy of a Bill which passed both branches of the legislature, and has been signed by the Governor. E. S. Goodvili.e, Clerk of Senate. Harrisburgh, April 12, 1845." THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY AT PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY. The Directors report to the General Assembly, that at the date of the last Re- port, the number of students in the Seminary was one hundred and thirty-five. Since that time there have been received the following seventy new students, viz. Uriah Marvin, licentiate of the Presbytery of Troy. George W. Burroughs, licentiate of the Presbytery of Raritan. Adolphus K. Martin, do. do. Nashville. Robert L. Breek, on certificate from the Western Theological Seminary. Joseph R. Wilson, do. do. do. do. Samuel B. Cheek, do. do. do. do. William H. RufTner, do. Union do. do. Virginia. George J. Reed, do. New Albany do. Indiana. David Barr, do. Auburn do. N. Y. Henry P. Coon, do. Union do. do. George F. Goodhue, graduate of Dartmouth College, New Hampshire. Rowland Ayres, do. Amherst do. Massachusetts. John E. Emerson, do. do. do. do. Samuel Huntting, do. do. do. do. Hugh B. Gardiner, do. Yale do. Connecticut. Thomas K. Davis, do. do. do. do. Hollis Russell, do. do. do. do. Pearl S. Cossitt, do. Trinity do. do. George Darling, do. Union do. New York. Alexander Dickson, do. do. do. do. Samuel Glen, do. do. do. do. William H. Kirk, do. do. do. do. Bradley Phillips, do. do. do. do. Charles N. Waldron, do. do. do. do. John T. Wentworth, do. do. do. do. Reuben P. Lowrie, do. University of New York city. Thomas S. Bradner, do. New Jersey College, New Jersey. 420 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. [Appendix. Jesse B. Davis, Samuel T. Duffell, do, William S. Garth waite, do graduate of New Jersey College, New Jersey. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. Lafayette College, Pennsylvania. do, do. do. do. do. do. do. do. Jefferson do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. University of Ohio, do. do. Centre do. do. do. do. Georgetown Davison Miami. do. do. Kentucky. Frederick L. King, John P. Lundy, Joseph McConnell, William W. McNair, Ambrose Y. Moore, Joseph P. Moore, Henry Reeve, Robert H. Reeve, Obadiah M. Conover, Andrew S. Jameson, David D. Sanderson, Albertus Vandewater, James R. Young, Joseph Donaldson, Charles J. Jones, Thomas Kennedy, Thomas H. Newton, Ephraim Simonton, George W. Simpson, George D. Stewart, John Stewart, Charles Wood, Andrew S. Beveridge, James R. Ramsay, Henry VV. Taylor, Henry A. Booth, Henry L. McGuire, George P. Bergen, Thomas C. Boston, Richard R. Evans, A. B. Knight, Joel K. Lyle, Thomas Smith, John R. Shine, George W. Grant, Thomas W. Wardlaw, do. Thomas S. C. Smith, of Nova Scotia James L. Mackey, of Pennsylvania. Edward Yeomans, do. John T. Stirling, of Mississippi. The whole number of students connected with the Seminary during the year, has been one hundred and sixty-five. The number still remaining on the roll is one hundred and forty-nine. At the close of the year, the students were examined in presence of a Com- mittee of the Board, who reported their satisfaction with the examination. Certificates of having finished the whole course prescribed in the plan, were conferred on the following thirty-three young men, viz. Messrs. Samuel D. Alex- ander, Winthrop Bailey, C. C. Baldwin, William Bannard, Benjamin F. Bittinger, William P. Breed. Philander M. Custer, John C. De Peu, T. H. Dinsmore, Wil- liam A. Dod, David W. Eakins, Edward Eells, D. Niles Freeland, Abraham Gos- man, James H. Harbison, Geo. J. Harrison, A. Alexander Hodge, Levi Hughes, Cornelius R. Lane, Basil Manly. Joseph R. Mann, (Baptist) George F. Miller, (Lutheran) Andrew D. Mitchell, Henry V. Rankin, Henry R. Rees, A. Alexander Rice, Richard H. Richardson, Thomson Rowell, Charles VV. Shields, James G. Shinn, Jeremiah Taylor, Robert G. Williams, and William H. Woods. A modified certificate was conferred on John A. Bagle, and Henry P. Johnson, who were prevented from standing their final examination on account of sickness. The Professors reported that they have selected as resident Fellows, for the do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. North Carolina. Hampden and Sidney College, Virginia. Belfast College, Ireland. A. D. 1847.] THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 421 next year, Messrs. Abraham Gosman, and Joseph R. Mann, of the graduating class. Tne Professors also reported, that they have received through the year, the fol- lowing articles for the use of indigent students, viz. A large bundle of clothing from the Female Association of Morris Plain, N. J. Do. do. do. from some ladies in the Duane street church, N. Y. A second do. do. from the Female Association of Morris Plain, X. J. A bundle of clothing from some ladies of Dr. Potts's church, New York. Do. do. do. do. do. do. do. Do. do. from some ladies of the Duane street church, N. Y. The Board have only further to report, that the term of office of the following Directors expires during the sessions of the Assembly, viz. MINISTERS. RULING ELDERS. Ashbel Green, D. D. James Lennox. John M. Krebs, D. D. Moses Allen. Jacob J. Janevvay, D. D. James N. Dickson. Henry A. Boardman, D. D. Nicholas Murray, D. D. John C. Backus. William W. Phillips, D. D. And that the Rev. William Latta, D. D. departed this life on the 19th of Febru- ary last. Two years of Dr. Latta's term of office remain unexpired. Signed by order of the Board, John McDowell, Secretary. Princeton, May 17, 1847. TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF . THE TRUSTEES OF THE THEO- LOGICAL SEMINARY AT PRINCETON, N. J. The Trustees report to the General Assembly, that the following is the Report of their Treasurer, as audited by their Committee of Audit. TM comjjJittee».'on the Treasurer's accounts report that they have examined and compared Them With the vouchers, and find them correct, leaving in his hands a balance on general account, of two thousand two hundred and thirty-four dol- lars and eight cents. The Treasurer has received since the last settlement in May, 1846, on Educa- tion Fund, the sum of two thousand nine hundred and twenty-five dollars and seventy-five cents, which added to the sum of one thousand and eighty-one dollars and fifteen and a half cents, makes the sum of four thousand and six dollars and ninety and a half cents. And he has paid out of this fund, to students, on the order of Professors, the sum of two thousand nine hundred and forty-eight dollars and sixty cents; leaving a balance in his hands, due this fund, of one thousand and fifty-eight dollars and thirty and a half cents. The Treasurer has received, since the last settlement, on the Expense Fund, one thousand and six dollars, which, added to the sum of three hundred and sixty- three dollars and seventy-four and a half cents, makes the sum of one thousand three hundred and sixty-nine dollars and seventy-four and a half cents. And he has paid out of this fund, for Secretary's salary, Treasurer's commissions, library, servants' wages, and contingent expenses, one thousand two hundred and thirty dollars and forty-eight cents, leaving a balance due this fund, of one hundred and thirty-nine dollars and twenty-six and a half cents. The Treasurer has received since the last settlement, on the Contingent Fund, eleven thousand and forty-six dollars, and ten cents, which, added to the sum of six hundred and forty-four dollars and twelve cents, makes the sum of eleven thousand six hundred and ninety dollars and twenty-two cents ; and he has paid out of this fund to Dr. Van Rensselaer, to reimburse him for money advanced by him for Professors' salaries, to Mr. Donaldson, for investment, and for Professors' 43* 422 theological seminariep. [Appendix. salaries, ten thousand six hundred and fifty-three dollars and seventy-one cents; leaving a balance of ten hundred and thirty-six dollars and fifty-one cents. Recapitulation. Balance on general accounts, - $ 2234.08 Which consists of a balance 1. On Education Fund, - - $ 1058.30£ 2. On Expense Fund, . - 139.26| 3. On Contingent Fund, - - • 1036.51 Total, $2234.08 May 18th, 1847. Reuben Van Pelt, ) „ Nicholas Murray, \ Committee. The following Report was received from the Rev. Dr. Cortlandt Van Renssalaer, on the subject of his agency, viz. The undersigned, Agent for the Theological Seminary, respectfully submits to the Trustees the following brief account of the state of the funds belonging to his agency, and of his operations during the year. Cash received from all sources, since date of last report, $14,670 14, viz. Through Dr. McElroy, ..... $245000 From Subscribers, ..... 8524 79 Refunded by Trustees, ..... 1853 71 Balance in May, 1846, 1841 64 Total, $14,670 14 The above sum is accounted for as follows: Paid James Donaldson for permanent investments, - - $11,000 00 In hands of James S. Green, (Dr. McElroy's,) - - 2,450 00 do. do. (from subscribers,) - • 214 54 Balance in the hands of Agent at this date, - • '0Ci,-^O 1,0JJ5 00 Total, $14,670 14 Accompanying this Report, are the vouchers for the money paid to Mr. Donald- son. Mr. Green's vouchers will include what has passed through his hands, according to the above statement. The total amount of cash received from the beginning of the agency, including three notes, which may be regarded as temporary investments, is $47,891 88. Of this sum, $41,100 permanently invested; $5786 28 used for contingent ex- penses; 81005 60 balance at this date. Total, $47, 891 88. It ought to be mentioned that James S. Green, the Treasurer, has invested during the year, $1500, which may be regarded, as in part, reimbursing the above $5786 28. And inasmuch as $2500 of this last sum was given for contingent purposes, it leaves only $1786 28, as the entire sum thus far appropriated for contingent expenses from the agency fund. It will be rememberpd that the Con- vention, under which I act, authorized the use, for the contingent fund, of as much of the amount subscribed, as was necessary, during the interval of the complete endowment. It is gratifying to find that the amount thus used is thus far so small. The total amount of agency funds now invested, including the above $1500, by Mr. Green, is $42,600, the interest of which is about $2500 per annum. In addi- tion to this sum, however, the subscriptions, in the hands of subscribers, amounting to about $7000 or $3000, will yield about $400 more. A number of other sub- scribers will probably pay during the year, which will increase the amount invested, and of course the interest. It may be safely estimated that the income from the agency funds for the next year will be at least $3000. A. D. 1847.] THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES. 423 The amount of new subscriptions received during the year has been about $7000. The Agent, in consequence of receiving an appointment in the Poard of Education, which it was thought his duty to accept, has not been able to prosecute the agency during the year past, to the extent he anticipated. He expects, how- ever, with the blessing of God, to bring it to a close, before another year. If too sanguine in this expectation, he will resign the agency into other hands. Cortlandt Van Rensselaer. Princeton, May 17th, 1847. The Librarian has reported the following additions made to the Library through the year, viz. Purchased one hundred and eighty-two volumes; presented by George W. Perkins, one volume; by the author of Bible Manual, one volume; by the Rev. Colin Mclver, ten volumes; by the Rev. Dr. Hodge, thirty-nine volumes; by a Student, one volume; by Mrs. Susannah Armstrong, four volumes; by James Lenox, fourteen volumes; by Walter Lowrie, nine volumes; by Abraham Gos- man, one volume; by the Rev. R. K. Rodgers, one volume; by Samuel Agnew, Philadelphia, ten volumes; by Enoch Fithian, one volume; by the Rev. G. C. Beck with, four volumes; Board of Publication, works in continuation: by the Rev. John Cross, three volumes; by the Society of Inquiry, six volumes; by the Rev. George Burrows, Port Deposit, Md., Chrysostom's Orations, Greek and Latin ; and the works of Augustine, and of Chrysostom, bound in Russia leather, in twen- ty-eight volumes, royal octavo, a peculiarly valuable present. Ten other volumes have been received on exchange for duplicates. Signed by order of the Board, John McDowell, Secretary. Princeton, May 18th, 1847. TRUSTEES OF THE SEMINARY. Rev. James Carnahan, D. D. President. Lewis W. R. Phillips, Esq. Vice President. Rev. John McDowell, D. D. Secretary. Robert L. Stuart, Benjamin McDowell, Hon. Dudley S. Gregory, Stephen Colwell, James Lenox, Reuben Van Pelt, H. W. Green, Prof. Joseph Henry, LL. D. John J. Bryant, William Shippen, M. D. Rev. Wm. W. Phillips, D. D. Rev. Ashbel Green, D. D. LL. D. Rev. David Comfort, Rev. Joseph McElroy, D. D. Rev. Isaac V. Brown, Rev. Eli F. Cooley, James Nelson, Rev. Nicholas Murray, D. D. Treasurer, James S. Green, Esq., Princeton. PROFESSORS IN THE SEMINARY. Rev. Archibald Alexander, D. D. Professor of Pastoral and Polemic Theology. Rev. Samuel Miller, D. D. Professor of Ecclesiastical History and Church Govern- ment. Rev. Charles Hodge, D. D. Professor of Exegetical and Didactic Theology. Rev. Joseph Addison Alexander, D. D. Professor of Oriental and Biblical Literature. ( 424 ) [Appendix. REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. The whole amount received by the Treasurer from May 1st, 1846, to May 1st, 1847, was $10,380.80, making together with $3867.40, the balance in the hands of the Treasurer from the last year the sum of $14,248.29. The expenditures during the year have amounted to $13,113.58, leaving a balance in the hands of the Treasurer at the close of the fiscal year of eleven hundred and thirty-four dol- lars seventy-one cents. The following is an abstract of the several heads of Receipts and Expenditures : Balance from last year, ..... Contingent Funds, contributions from churches, &c. Commissioners' Fund, ..... Dividends on bank stocks and interest on mortgages, &c. Rev. Joseph Eastbuin's Bequest, dividends, rents, &c. Board of Education, ...... Theological Seminary at Princeton, .... Board of Missions, ...... Boudinot Fund for Pastors' Libraries, The Expenditures are as follows: Scholarships, interest on principal, ..... 2,183 28 Students' Fund, do. do. .... 232 69 Missionary Fund, paid Board of Missions, .... 887 55 Contingent Funds, paid sundries, .... 1,502 43 Commissioners' Fund, paid Commissioners, .... 857 81 Professors' salaries, ...... 2,803 15 Rev. Joseph Eastburn's Bequest, paid sundries, - - - 490 00 Board of Education, ...... 214 29 Boudinot Missionary Fund, ---.-- 600 00 Boudinot Fund for Pastors' Libraries, .... 143 00 Permanent Funds invested, ...... 1,000 00 Theological Seminary at Princeton, .... 2,199 38 Balance in the hands of the Treasurer, May 1st, 1847, - - 1,134 71 3,867 49 S95 95 642 19 6,998 08 661 25 214 29 298 51 299 50 17103 $14,248 29 — $14,248 29 M. Newkirk, Treasurer. Philadelphia, May 1st, 1847. The Committee on Accounts have examined the stocks, bonds, and mortgages in the hands of Matthew Newkirk, Treasurer, and vouchers for moneys paid by him, and believe the same to be correct, leaving a cash balance of eleven hundred and thirty-four dollars and seventy-one cents in his hands. Matthew L. Bevan, } Committee James N. Diceson, > on Stephen Colwell, ) Accounts. A. D. 1847.] 425 CASH BALANCE. The following items make the cash balance in the hands of the May 1st, 1847. Rev. Joseph Eastburn's Bequest, Commissioners' Fund, ... Contingent Fund General Assembly, Contingent Expenses Board of Trustees, - Boudinot Missionary Fund, Fund for Books for Pastors' Libraries, Pennsylvania Insurance Company, Fund for the Conversion of the Jews, Fund for the Indians of North America, Theological Seminary at Princeton, Board of Missions, . Treasurer, 149 66 14 41 21 32 95 67 60 165 99 20 00 31 64 27 51 298 51 299 50 $1134 71 REPORT OF THE INCOME As derived from each of the Stocks owned by the General Assembly during the last fiscal year. Merchants' and Manufacturers' Bank of Pittsburgh, Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of Wheeling, Union Bank of Tennessee, ... Planters' Bank of Tennessee, - Bank of Louisville, - Bank of Mobile, ..... Mechanics' Bank of Philadelphia, Planters' Bank of Mississippi, - Agricultural Bank of Mississippi, Grand Gulf Rail Road and Banking Company, Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Rail Road United States' 5 per cent. Loan, Pennsylvania State 5 per cent. Loan, Bond of the Tenth Presbyterian Church, (bal.) Bond of the Central Presbyterian Church, Bond of Solomon Allen, ... Bond of Josiah Hall, .... Promissory Note of John Colt, Interest on Funds now permanently invested, - Co, Cost. $14,302 92 15,025 00 15,262 50 22,106 25 10,526 25 11,027 50 4,828 81 11,077 62 23,701 76 992 47 Loan, 940 74 4,185 34 3,510 62 6,592 03 5,000 00 6.000 00 5,000 00 2,500 00 1,000 00 Income. $ 875 00 900 00 600 00 1000 00 700 00 501 25 230 00 61 20 200 00 225 06 385 57 300 00 360 00 600 00 60 00 $6998 08 Bequest of the Rev. Joseph Eastburn. Philadelphia Bank Stock, .... $2000 00 Pennsylvania Bank Stock, - - - 400 00 Bank of North America Stock, - - - 800 00 Bank of the United States Stock, - - 1100 00 North America Insurance Company, - - 450 00 Pennsylvania Insurance Company, - - 760 00 Cheltenham and Willow Grove Turnpike Company, - 1000 00 House No. 86 Vine Street, Philadelphia, $220 00 19 50 64 00 33 75 36 00 90 00 150 00 $613 25 Philadelphia, May 1st, 1847. M. Newkirk, Treasurer. 426 Appendix. © c* oq o o <<-»*o 6 © o o o © o © © go © © us o o o i-i © © ** m da cg*> so e» oo o» ws oo ■< «o ■« t» © e> io CT e CT1> «a ©©©©©©©©©©.©©©© r-© o© »© «a t*8Dc*c*c* ^»«3 aa oa © »-« G» «o *^ © «3 to ?» © us t to x © © — — — — — o c :r — © © © a:©©©oo©r- — ■ ji -i i^ rt 3 o >o ii jt f h c) an - .'- ~ i -.> -i -. zi — = — ^-r— ~ — — — ~~ — = c --Z - -~". — tL-;-t;i;ns»s w a P5 01 — — — — ~t '.- o '- '* »o — ^o >.-? i-^ o i-^ © O o o 0"0 o 'iv;-rr. *' l - !""! ^ . X _—. 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J — 3 ty pT J S _-T3 "o D O E rt fc - 3 "g = eS 5 :e<5 -a ^~ o £ : go » ■« o ^^"-g ;-»• »S 2 = a i -J5 • i~ = : — - o» ° £ < ss-sj^g: = giS o = 5 £'-5 "" o'o" C6 CU S c* 03 » ^ in - o m 3^: gtn •■85* S-g S B rj OS C« ffl ™ j; 5-5 1 5 c 3 Si2 5 5^: J 3- ■so ! g.» 5oS« ►9 el *t: o r ? os ft - sr s- S 5 » i 3 E' — » C C 3 ! d 5 g — -, -i ST! ~ ft 3 3 3 X. , S rj^-p ft ft tj! 3 ft — .a ^ r> ft ' p oo - p o o 3 : 03 w S 3 3 3j ! p s; 3" •»" v a ^e ' S 2 3 <3 3 5 tswogi c c r* C 213 o m 5 "o ft w ■c: 5 "cc?:5 ft 5.^33" , i-0 £-=> p-p 3 ; ft «■ w ^3. C tg ' '"PC f *"" £". £. B5 - S» 3 " ^ - » ft s S-S o = re 3" re — ■— 3 2 3" yr 5' 5' O . o 3 Sf ,„ ^►-tO'— i-iooicco-coai {O ir< C4 uiOm bicc'oo 1 -' C C — o « ~J O © O C S i" © — © o <= QP © C © o w ° •** ;•*■ " i -1 »— tO >t>-.^-' © tn c © u> © © to &. >** oo ^— © "c c c Cc ~© o © © *m UOiSOOOOOOOIOSeOOOOOQO 0C©©©C©GC©©m© — ©OOCC©© tooooooocopoooooooooo ©o©©©©cco©©o©©©o©e©© ;^.i-i M|OOCO«OOB«Oh- ■O-JCUCOWOO 6S 00 00 u> OC '© to c *■ to i£ioo-.3)a]siQoooi900a ;©u>©m©toou<©cn©©©ocyi©©© jocr. ©©©©ooooooooo©©©© 3©©©©CC©©0©©©©©©0©©© r Kg 3 "^ ife 2Kg Sob-* or> 2>o * o sa a ►- -J W GO ^ )9U KIM COllO m t>> bo oo © to rf^ oo o ">£*. © *'eoa © to c *^"io CCSOUOOOOiK -)~©C©CJi©©Oi Ci©»©^>©©GO©-3K/©e©C©e©© aio©©©©©©io©©©5©©o©©o© u MM* h €© »J(S0DO © © tn to to c. oo tc w o .— i*>-Oi-JC^tOCOi^^Ol»)KIO* k OUiCif'tJi COOiOtKOOOO>Ot»MOCOOOOOO OOOOOOOCWOOoiCCOOOCOC ft N- E oo •-3 > a f > H B o H (72 H — H 02 ( 428 ) [Appendix. NAMES OF THE MODERATORS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. A. D. 1789.* Rev. John Rodgers, D. D., of New York. 1790,* Rev. Robert Smith. D. D., Pennsylvania. 1791,* Rev. John Woodhull, D. D., New Jersey. 1792,* Rev. John King, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1793,* Rev. James Latta, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1794,* Rev. Alexander McWhorter, D. D., New Jersey. 1795,* Rev. John McKnight, D. D., New York. 1796,* Rev. Robert Davidson, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1797,* Rev. William M. Tennent, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1798,* Rev. John Blair Smith, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1799,* Rev. Samuel Stanhope Smith, D. D., LL. D., New Jersey. 1800,* Rev. Joseph Clark, D. D., New Jersey. 1801,* Rev. Nathaniel Irwin, Pennsylvania. 1802,* Rev. Azel Roe, D. D., New Jersey. 1803* Rev. James Hall, D. D., North Carolina. 1804,* Rev. James F. Armstrong, New Jersey. 1805,* Rev. James Richards, D. D., New Jersey. 1806, Rev. Samuel Miller, D. D., New York. 1807, Rev. Archibald Alexander, D.D., Pennsylvania. 1808, Rev. Philip Milledoler, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1809,* Rev. Drury Lacy, Virginia. 1810,* Rev. John Brodhead Romeyn, D. D., New York. 1811, Rev. Eliphalet Nott, D. D., New York. 1812,* Rev. Andrew Flinn, D. D., South Carolina. 1813,* Rev. Samuel Blatchford, D. D., New York. 1914,* Rev. James Inglis, D. D., Maryland. 1815, Rev. William Neill, D. D., New York. 1816,* Rev. James Blythe, D. D., Kentucky. 1817,* Rev. Jonas Coe, D.D., New York. 1818, Rev. Jacob Jones Janeway, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1819,* Rev. John Holt Rice, D. D., Virginia. 1820, Rev. John McDowell, D.D., New Jersey. 1821, Rev. William Hill, D. D., Virginia. 1822,* Rev. Obadiah Jennings, D. D , Ohio. 1823,* Rev. John Chester, D. D., New York. 1S24, Rev. Ashbel Green, D. D., LL. D., Pennsylvania. 1825,* Rev. Stephen N. Rowan, D. D., New York. 1826, Rev. Thomas McAuley, D. D., LL. D , New York. 1827, Rev. Francis Herron, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1828, Rev. Ezra Styles Ely, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1829, Rev. Benjamin Holt Ricp, D. D., Virginia. 1830 * Rev. Ezra Fisk, D. D., New York. 1831, Rev. Nathan S. S. Beman, D. D., New York. 1832, Rev. James Hoge, D. D., Ohio. 1833, Rev. William A. McDowell, D. D., South Carolina. 1834, Rev. Philip Lindslev, D. D., Tennessee. 1935, Rev. William W. Philips, D. D., New York. 1836, Rev. John Witherspoon, D. D., South Carolina. 1837, Rev. David Elliott, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1838, Rev. Wiliam S. Plumer, D. D., Virginia. 1839,* Rev. Joshua L. Wilson, D. D., Ohio. 1840, Rev. William M. Engles, D. D., Pennsylvania. 1841, Rev. Robert J. Breckinridge, D. D., Maryland. 1842, Rev. John T. Edgar, D. D., Tennessee. 1843, Rev. Gardiner Spring, D. D., New York. 1844, Rev. George Junkin, D. D., Ohio. 1845, Rev. John M. Krebs, D. D., New York. 1846, Rev. Charles Hodge, D. D., New Jersey. 1847, Rev. James H. Thornwell, D. D., South Carolina. * Deceased. A. D. 1847.] ( 429 STATED CLERKS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. A. D. 1788,* Rev. George Duffield, D. D. 1790, Rev. Aslibel Green, D. D. LL.D. 1803, Rev. Philip Milledolcr, D.D. 1806,* Rev. Nathaniel Irwin. 1807, Rev. Jacob Jones Janewny, D.D. 1817, Rev. William Neill, D.D. 1825, Rev. Ezra Styles Ely, D. D. 1836, Rev. John McDowell, D. D. 1840, Rev. William M. Engles, D. D. 1846, Rev. Willis Lord. PERMANENT CLERKS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. A. D. 1802,* Rev. Nathaniel Irwin. 1807,* Rev. John Ewing Latta. 1825, Rev. John McDowell, D. D. 1837, Rev. John M. Krebs, D. D. 1845, Rev. Robert Davidson, D. D. * Deceased. • 17 7 <7 ! / / 17 V YT a A Vol. XI — 44 430 GENERAL VIEW OF SYNODS. [Appendix. X O P Bj W Q >. Q > w BS c of a a Q* 9 M « Q m S s CO b; c a BS z > b H 1-5 a Ed z ns P3 u p CO C3 O Q H Z PH < z a Q _• F* <: pq z 5 e a w ci z H O i-s a Z O < > el B a a S CO ^*a D s h: CO a a s .a .p* 5* a fc — Ph _Pm CO • r-< O t- - 3D - — 1 .— ' s- 00 "I'o sT"o CO ,0 CO 00 - C J" 0'^" 00 -Bh z p M 2J , So bjo M_3 ■g'o . l. c £01 ^ a CC i> 00 § S"o 1^ J3 O E-2 0. ° 01 — 1 CO _ -H O US c rt 0) — 1 X Cm t) mm Cm Ct. Cm Cm M z O O^ O O O fc. Cm >> S O Cm O r3 >, Cm O >> O O H >> •a DO >» >> T3 -3 >> T3 >> CS cd o> rt C3 CJ 03 CS M T3 5 ■a -3 13 c c 13 3 « 5 01 3 ■0 03 3 ID 3 T3 O is -0 0) m 3 ^5 3 O c CO M -3 "3 T3 -3 -3 -0 T3 rt "d E< s^ CO CO 5^5 C^5 C»5 Bj Ph CO m] CO Z z 2 z e* _• * 1* C3 >> O > O* *" y s < M S5 Jc3 O el Cm c" bo M 3 >> C 0) "bio bxi a CO cs C C3 M O B. 03 p) .0 3 CO Ki O _o> a M O S z < =5 Sg Ed (J 00 m1 _____ a ir- tH "* to »n 00 < es •0 OJ 10 «o »o CM 00 1— 1 r- CO 00 CO 10 CO GO (M r^ c~ CJ t^ 10 CT3 CO "S z c* ^H |-H Z S OF CHES. O so C5 CO CO CO TJI «S CO 00 CO CJ 03. ^ (N O c^ ^H r-> P NO. RS. 1 CHUR "«* CO LO 1* CO os ■.o CO CO a t-- CO TJI i> CO CO CO 00 CO H 22 z z RESPECTIVE PRESBYTERIES. | r 5 k S 3 » 2 da 12 : § 6 S 3 z|- 11.11 15 .2 j w 6" oT ow S I s 00 psj - • - s O O ri m O) t- s c S3 -a p. C 3 O __ -a go a >-> & . - -§0 " ° 3 , * E 3 s O : 6*~ 0> 03 • .- „"d 3-30} _:~>< 8 "2 S B 5-i b.0 . Z M'^-3 -0 35 ^ OS J"® -& ^O E-o Ph oT 00 §.b br-2^3 IE . c" m *S "S CO J= 1 CO t- N :5 bi ■Sfl al B . J >2 - m^ C 3 '3.3 a a .ur c C 13 .2 ^ _ "5 2 •r a c O. c* c O Q< "E E BJ .2 a^ oT 1-s |5 = 03 Q -j; eg O a> ,©i bo bi) C3 z >. gg »> O £ t3 -3 s K C3 f 3 s ~ tt HBJ _cs 8 •5 ^ 1 * S5 k !± 5 1 A. D. 1847.] GENERAL VIEW OF SYNODS. 431 g Q g 2 H U Ed E- Ed U o to E- 09 M O H s 6S 1 > u a j 3 ' o O! o J 4 E- cod & o o z Pi pq z < > O Ph u a a DQ -a O a m Ph CO < a o ►3 w < co* CO 3 ^ Eh a Ph g o H M O P4 g o i-a co _2 — i o O ~ ' .a <* Ph go . - o S* ° ey — .a u So £ w Cm o <* CO «s o o O %-, o 00 GO ^2 CJ 3'o O 6 5; s aPn* r3 O 5? Ed O 1/2 j, -a CO ■J*\ ■* < i XI . 5 S oo 13 -H "o U -H ^2 ^H |a J3 Ph cd , o jr o ^„° o I 1 : 0) "!« oo p- 1 i_""o CO c « ° C« o O >> >. ""^ _C3 CO V a CO o - > ca-t >> Cm O id -a U o n, o o Ow CO cd T3 CD a O CJ -3 CO 13 CO 0) £ 0) -° 00 S*>^H n - -a ^ M CO O cd -a CO Fh 3 ■° 3 1^ O 2'o Eh 3 -a CU e CO X o o -3 cm T3 CJ o rt b- j3 •* o < .2 -a c cd a a c cu Eh > cd o "So 3 O O .a CO 3 ED a of bo o A CD o o P-, o o a* o EC Fh a" o a 3 cd > o o m a" 13 5 cd o U a cd cd J CO fe ffi W CO o O a o o no rji ■* GO O CM co CM CO t- CM 00 •^ co CO CO 00 GO no CTi o CM o 00 ■<* "* CO CM CO -N >— I CO CO t- i-H 00 -* t~ Tf •<* no I> no co CO CO HO t^ o "O no CO CO CP no CM £— CO HO i-H t^ CJS E35 GO CO CO ?) no o CO o UO 00 o CD GM CO 00 CF co CO -d< l> 1— 1 GO Tf c^ i-0 no 00 »-H t- a> c a >1'C >- o> 2 a *j O ■ o 3 .*- N ^ « C CO 'S -° • > 4* 3 2 3° « 2 to^ "3 Eh S'La c S° a 0) 01 Ih X *° cd a jd a cd J! <" T2 cd m a- -2 •3 S3 O A J 3- ^D «} -jf .. o '£ o 3 Ph c „ a •- g bJO B S . Eh m . o c -"> 1— ' = -a - •2 S " -fz'S ffi «3 SOd id J a" co be . 13 •"* o a.r-~ a E a o |^ 3 bu 3 DC id id "a o g 8 ■■si ■3 » Ph cd" ^ ils 2 ,-g o «d o 5 o a . = o § »h •2 «"S £* gSso O a "> a "S cd co 11 o - a -E ° 3 £ O 02 3 .a cj .- "c *"• O cd _r_c *o Uh 1»" o ■* — "3 u P CO . 3 2 £ a d cd -O J2 cd !1 o rjl O !3 "3 3^HH a .. d o - CO _Q Cd 1-1 -3 -r 1 . ~" S < °° a. o ^ . _-.- CO *S ^ s"° S - & N '» = S 2 .2 2 Sp3 cd XI cd a S-l 3 . fa w cd'-3 Jl 5-° X . C3 ■a e a 00 00 •2 -8 =s\ 3 e a S s ^ CM 2 s 5 s s 'So o ^ So g s 60 CO "3 « "H S &* H« ^ ^ 53 Gj ^ § ^ H 432 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. m PQ < < O w i— i Fh <£ h3 >» S oj "£ ? -a o rt <* "-3 et) ° i-)G«l« i H o o - o ^ ho. • Js o ^ a. . rT u 1 M a g • -a -g cs „-o o ™o >,a s d ii -=5 5 rf — ™ -^ S co W <: S coco <5 » ; J # 1 2 «5 CO . co-§> Jj £ g C3 bX)-3 — C CO o „> « «• ho — • _• _h Cw C •" o .. .j o >-> c .. _, *: -a k o -o go "^ a •- 2 ,Ortrtai PhO "" *< < S r/: co < < ! d O &" o £ > Oh cq < m m m a 3 od N CO CQ V P a C -H t; i- »1 c 43 5-0 01 — 0) OHK> M CO i'Bs QJ 5 e ^«| W «cl ■i S • - O 3 «> Tjl c o is iPh E-i ^ # — U U rj " o* c ^i S a o e - HWWcq 44* eo a) ^ ^> -— v. ri rf ph&; t. . r . Ph 'ftO . — ^& CQ • C '~ Cm .o" a o M o bx o5" — c "^ • c g 434 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -T!|I9D -UIJUOQ •SJD uoissiui uioo •UJ9 S ■m n d •uoij ■conpg; •suois ■silk •suois ■si.W •tuoQ dcg sjinjjui ■3< •* t— c- 10 r-Tfio siinpv •UJ03 no J, r- T) t- o o —i ^« « cs r- ro —I —I f-l ,isicc|o . — ^ c ^ a j; c z^ o u •"*> G d P a b „oC"— > o ^ rt " — ^ — w p | jg i g _2 6< 't .fa o 5 »!* 5 rt o a _- 3 e-« » s 02 10 SCO a< 'c 03 «s -5 -5 2 rf o ZE^P t. cd n — < o 2 "3 2 a - o ,» c o 5 so ga! ,o S « ° £ t: J O J-' j £v5f & .2 J2 --sort fc o a> S(5h ~ t. O CS — ■oj ?<©<-,• 3 . -g - fa c • 1 U Ok M *\-i 2 a - ' §-£ go- •-. O i-s < •-» 02.- . fcjC 2 -- •5 S O p ftn ^-* S §^o > 2 '5 O 3 jj GO .2 D '9 . a ** G g-a — o A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 435 OOnH 00 O CU5U50 O r-. ,-, d — ( CO o CN C^ CO CO CO uo CO c? 1-- CO en OJ in — i to 00 OS ** 00 ^ -H -*on to co o to £— Qi — 1 CO « o SO -H 00 3 ■"* — ' O to l0 CO tfi — 1 — . a ?? ■"* (SO^i CO rs o t — 1-1 ^- CI <-l < s.l bO." = a 'M 5 rt - > EM 5 > Z fe • fSH ^© j| bo O I g .^ 6 u - >- o s a. "c "3 71 *> m 3 O .2 (S O CO 5 of fe = 3 £« CO CO* _. . o P-p* is . OS'-Sf-* » s g 2* 5 e o _ OO . ■M o s >■> - S g BD- O oaSgg "O CT3 ,-3 * -og 2 5 ?i. Ul co" cm « aj . • • o . bo . Oh 0- bo"3 < CO ^ bO i; bO g fax, g •-■ r/l O* jS -S . & ^ ^ . , o ^ O CS o o "o i? S3 K w t' - Q - CO - H Ed F V. n CO ^ v. BB 3 —-a 1 ^ CO • o -a* Oh" T3~ bt J; ^-^ v7 e 3 a> t£S c 'S o bo 2 3 3 O >- Ch g 53^ sco ^<;a^<:^^co ^ Eh >,H 436 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. i 'snoau -BJ[30 -siM to cm cm uo uo to co to uo i-h pi CM CD CM CM ^ tO — 1 1— ( CM -uijuoq 00 uo 0«5 O t^ «-o CM CO OOO «5 10 10 O uo •SJ3 noissioi 1 -uioj CO CM O 10 t^ to "c 0? -* CM "3< rH CO CM CO 9& to cm r- tj< ci CM CO — < t^ 1 •dcg SJUBJUJ CO uo UO Tjt 1— 1 Tj< Ui Tjl CO ,^-HCM^ 1 - •dvg s;[tipv uo "CO — ( CM t^ •11103 CO CO CTi «0 0OC5 IM O iO J] O f-H C5"^ Ci "fl 1 P3 Ci^J UO C l^ O CO CO tO GO CM -^ UO — 1 CO s •uioo PJ°0 •J30 UO •uio to -H -H CM CO O — c CO-iTf Cl •xg uo •cuoo 00 — c Tl< r-c i-c CM CM O CO CO CM CO H O ►■* Em O CO O Ph c3^CL,g jmccc p* £ ca a. ag?H»o^ 72 ca a c M CD 02 .1 M co g^ ^co «i ^ s &»> « p^ *•* ="§ .s^^Js-f «-t- ^ 3-2J £ i* «J*5-i ll"s«l •--§ § g * So c So g.:^og -£ § >> 3 § * cq _jca j co> S^csphO o^isaco Z is a co* OH w H 1—1 CO CO*,- CO ^ 02' *«5 ^ ~ -a "O oT S^= 6 <^PhC5 a, . - Kicj-=-T3 0fr-a . -§ t < ( 1 1 i D f ii •< •-, a, h3 53 K § 5 3 ) 3 1 ii) 3 H A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 437 cm o o o o -0 CO O CO CM CI o CO o o o «3 CO CM CO i-H © CO -h IflOU) t- CO CM C5 i—i CO CO o CO o CD t- >o CJ -^< CM CI CI tJ< CM t- -* CM in t- CO CO —l CO rt CM ^H CO 1 "^ C 7! CM o o co — CM COOOOt^OCli-i-H co CO CO CO Ci CO "0 -H CO -h i-i -h CO CM CM —i o CM ^" CO — CI CJ CD i-H CO U0 i-H CO r-t I-H ^ HO "0 "0 CO *y • * - . - - . >■ C_ 3 h, a o £• i=-i o -a d c u a s a. ■- o cs _0 O C 5 '3 w a = Z 1 & * B.6E ■ ^3 z. cu — ; C O » OJ3 .- 5- £ So Y. N.Y ,N.Y ut. Co ^1 >>; — i** 1 ^ -* _ s- »7 O CD -: o ^ > B w-5 dj 85 '£ _£ ci O O CO >• -3 -S a> • o ° o .2 e P-_- = J= co . . ho . n * O I CO = CO ~ Oh" -'3Q-S §-2 5 J J 5 J J J - 0) - „OSJ, PhCh" -•Oh .CO P* ,0- . oe, V. Town htown, - o ,C0 * "S 1 -£ -- c « a o o o — 3 ^ d° ° - •" s S ri W" > ° w - = 5 •3 O eg 5 L> = O Oh i-i _, ^^ !"■ ' ?»» 2 "S e b ft)-* DC O i. O Q ^ o PhP-i-; S-5„ S bo - o ^l| I i u _; c ^ « ^ S_;Qc-io:< u" - E Cl M (D 5 c > o o o r^r?> S°"oS eJ ci co •Oh > 3 J- Oh . 5 blCO « ^,oi ta co |p-'C5 K .Z S "o 5 o-s "c « "a w o s c: ^ cr=ts ~ B -a -E2 3 "3 « k. PP ^ rj s E ° C! C 438 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix, snoau - S ?IM -ui}uo3 •SJ3 uoissiui •WOQ cr5«5^HP7n CM •dcg sijnpv •11103 •uioo P.I°0 ^ CM —I n « m C5 i-l o cm oo cm i-h Tf cm r-> 3 s '3 fa fe £ &j. S?>3 _-£>>§_- js £ 3 fa ,*s X! S O > J3 « a « J io Zfa >> =tf t3 ~ ~ o ~ = o **? ID C— i O a ~ ■> _ C -2 ^ ■son's ^£cc fa ,2n fat Eh" -^ O .2 fa 5 .fa .fa •fa vT xn w fa 4 §fa ■00 fa U5 oo c co bq cd 2* I CO* c"*» .: H , a - r^fafa &^ § 01 tU) QJ 73-0 "- cc-S-'O eaaifauy.fafa^ggO^a L5 js a ~3 «2,U "*? . "tec? Oh* : •S £ 00 I fa fa ^"^ o • E S S 0- ~o a> o * . H fa g r-i B^^ 1 . = W 55fa S . a> „ ■- -S'mfartfa *• = S -o u Oh "2 t^, *>0 O 1 JJ S C he C PwfJ O o S c£ rC ^ "« c E "H 7J 03 ' ■5 § S 8S = -C 2 c3 3 — 5 ri^K^hH^K? ■PQ is . OS A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 439 O — 1 I- o* CO i-H 24 23274 218 1 115 o o lO o »o © co © C"> o co i-i "O CO o o o U5 00 en CO © CO C» Ci t- HO ><* >* to n inon t— 1—1 CO ■* at © o l-H t— t-oo ■^< Ol C* CO i-i >0 l-H t-« ooomooinooooioM t- Tj< i-H — 1 tOlfl- iio-*— < oi — > ot a -* co — i U0 fN 00 O 00 — 1 00 00 c* CO p-t "# C5 >/5 CO "^ "^ *^ t~* >o tOMO 1-H ~H 1— 1 ■* >0 O! — I CO lO CO •>* — i Ol «i 1-5 . l "* t "" l HH . -J -^ -= S « g-j3 «*SPh«= w ."3 c w 3 -^ £ -^ en _x w = 3 » g 2 o 2 bo= S t« « ^ {25 ^ J2 »H h4 O' ! .Or-* !*b O o 9 C -* ..is S s b fe fe w & o § £ S & y. w was .3 O . ""■ Oh • - Oh 02 . &= Jssi-S-i.* to 3 02 QQ DQ EG Ch s - : l•S3g^g|b,3Sl^§S| , Q2 W02 33 qg a3o2SUo2 02l^SocapiHB3 Ph IS 3 3 in o o O — < ** "^ ft . J3 an s 3 tSJ £En I 02 fO £,-3 02* | £ bfi | *r s. J2 a § ~ S v := r3 w ta P- C pa s TC N) i-s cs o " . 5 o 02 i-8 O 02 >-a >r» n O ^ .2 — O S 3 c =5 1^ 3 ■-* lO ,PhO .Ph q r =»' p- 1 ^r p-" q ,q 2 "Jq c " c >, o q> S ■ 5-e g^ |.2- a oT Sci ^ IS ~ -33 - Cfc »-s C3 ^ -= bJ 3 =2 &s "3 > :o s 2 ° - 440 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •stioaii • S !I\T 00 HOBOO CM t- t© CO CM CO CO C5 —I OJ lO i-l 1-1 •juaS -UUUOQ U0 © t^ CO -H CO (N *-i •SJ3 UOISSIUI -moo CTtO -H •UI3g •UOI^BO •UOIJ C5 ihu)X-h CO rtlflt-(M CO 1-1 .-I •suois •JOJ 01 -h to tcuocjco o o? oat» CM O CM Oi ^ l~ CM i«^ <-i CO O ^h ^ 10 -H -<3< •suois " S ?IAI •m°Q co o ifl n o ^h oaowH •cleg SJUBJUJ sijnpy 1-1 *# •11103 cjio— ccncj r~ cr: cm cm o — iuon 10 -^ rt Tf< co •UIOQ PJ°0 -^ CO r-H •J30 UO •moo •X3 uo UUO3 — 00 t- i-O CM «- CM COCJ"* fH r ft at i-h J . . . -a . -S '>-££-£ o O i2 O w o 3 U if i >> ,--2 5 " ff S o .20 -J a ^ o a q = -5 & o ni e d >< .2 I -S -5> 5Q "E 00 csz E-53. £o9£; '— o M P « CM 02 „ I p a \ o ±»CC 9 Tf? C^ a .__. g ^ ^j = «J . = " B I, rt 5 a »- c 2oS E-.- Or. W t. C ^« .5 a t< o a . > -g rf M X W S0H=a^^ -Q „^^^ 5 £ o fa 5^ ~ 3 x E £ S fa S ^ S 5 » 1 S -a - c o -2 .2 5 S 5 e- 5 = u J^ ES 1-5 Ph X 1-5 Pi -.)<•--' CO -w > C c -JZ , ,-fa- .S3 > -= "1 E — G • - ^ a J S 1 a 1 2 J "fa ^ E _= ^ * f5 A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 441 4h t- 00 o o t^ -H — — 1 co 3D o o o o •a (H § 1 -0 [ O CO CO »--3 [ O T? iT) ** CO r 5 00 CTi CO O — i CO t? CO CO 00 o CO cs i-i C* CO -H cO 0C CO Ci 1 — 1 1" eo «5 ■<# C* 1— 1 1— 1 CO o o o o en 00 do co CO ?J o CJ CO — 3> Ifl ~» T 1 CJ CO co~ 00 CJ -h fH o «a CO CO r- —1 Ci O —1 i— l -h CO CI >H .2 ' H & t: a & s a & <■> O 'S B « "3 ID 2 &. a. 2 Smfe 5 £2 2: i-s si fcXi - = - -= .? 3 - > Stf* _• .> bx O 2 «:< O 3 2 g C ~ — •= > 2? w .S ao gt§§ a««Q - § >, 1 rf ^ *> Km I -i S..S § . J |-o : o 3 i.= ^r 3 > O r ~ ^ > " > r 5 Vol. XI.— 45 s . <^ — *5d .fad* zz n — n — - " ■ u -J ^ g § <- h s « S3 1 c- ?--*■- > g QQ -3 £ bee; 3 .ft B) k- _ .S S i= .r' o 5 r3 442 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. 3 !I\[ O O O CO Ot CJ f- iD «--5 «« m o *# pi pi *# t- , • c a O ■a ^ a -a w <^ O -— a lii h'J a- Pl, , .1-1 O . 1=1 nj o t7 ■ • bei-j _- o o • i— i c3 e

• c > ~3 r3 O o CA( CQ Z Qh U CO a.' I. £ - o w ■o O £■5 5> a ji j ci- fes-a o a >Q 1 p-- = ■ a-£:S ! ^ » >»' Q O B m 7 ' : ""? .MO a »: ^ * S^s s- 1 *. a — I CJD „ ?o "§ M .2 >■ yj b o -^ 2 oft! '!* p?J a a . c ^^ fe t,H ."^ CL,p- m . •5 s tJC-H rt U ^- t- ^ c = o rt = -CufU 1 Eg ,;• ^ v. (2 a i I" ? s -J 5s B3 > . Q. > M n « X. o a ai 2 15 > ° i § .s s i 1 5 s 2 1 ■H 0- M . . ^ = > £ S '? a ^ — rt O 3 k"* A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 443 mooo LO O 1* £"5 CO CO u-5 cm ffi o ct li ROOU] O o co ■"S 1 r- t- CO i-i « » o >c cj •— 71 pH o i-l CO cm o o CSO OOO -HOO 00 oo cm co cm -h c? CM cm •<* -* -* - CM C5 tO -H CO O CM -S> OO — • t— CO CO -H — ^ CM — < — < CM co oo t* «a CO o co CM Tt< CO — co i-i CO cj co rr< CM CO 1—1 "* co CM f5 f— t -* *"* CM C3 i-l cm ^h CM CM CO rH CO t-1 . _- c o e = b o go" * ^.5 g a ^ ^ a S "2 - b o 5 o .2 c o «- (j g i*h g - ) S.V u c t£ — — 3 e y — — rjo -S *? -° ■* -. - ^o •_: s -^ n 5 . r- O -s ft-' . ■ ° 5- O .. O b( s . & o £ a _ . •= J3 .3 s a cC S n ^ a-" ^ - E - «- - 1 S 2 2 s = ^ Ur«S c= 2- ooSSe"85_30- r % a ° a 2o(SS = d ci^S ^ O 2 C 3 m£ fe = z ~ _5 - g : " -I 8, I ^-^2 X 2; ^ £ c3 o ^ o _g g jf " ,• -^ E° 1 1 1 § g) _2 g ?«§JSt2 5g5 J o|§sg8&j5j=|g_2 Oh . _c 5- >• m ,, C -1 i— i to _, 1 a — ^ C'sw'OhjO !3 Bfr" ,5 E 3 r 1 — ._,ol--o ."o^-^tr*^^ ta* ^ B^'S^dO i--?t. £ S 1 S5 Slg_gJSJ5g« =_ ««c^^ at ^i -> *• 444 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snogu to 1 =a? -ui}uo3 o o us IS o 1 <= "^ lO O 1 o o C UJ CI *SJ3 uoissttu -IUOQ - 1 i— ( 00 LO O -H •urag •I°a'fX o CJ *-0 •UOI1-BO -TR ti d: •UOI) -Bonpg CO — o o •suois •joj 3 io CJ CO C{ 00 c» •suois •raoQ - co o co LO sjuiyui ">* CO CI <— 1 — 1 CO •dcg sj[npv "* CJ CO • C* •UIOQ CJ C5 CO CJ C? CO — 1 CO C CO CJ CO C5 CO CO •moo P.PO •J30 UO •IUOQ Ci o i-0 «5 1—1 1— 1 X3 UO •uro cr> £— t— t^ o = 3 (_* . c* . J? £ - ~-3 Sq= = a o « > o "ffi O S B Ji "m C s i o « -j s csrf ^ .CI -p'75 | % oq cu o _ „ o = S » "5 — u « a 45 O O 3 o '"i .05 tt) — , O >l, m >1 ~ . Cu =3 « ->'• . £ oc ■- o c — -*J X c . o -> 4 of v. IK - "3 .5 «5 "5 ™ o c - 3 ^r.2 3 s ^ J -S & - 2 rt . c ~ c«- I; 4 ! bT £ W !> .=f H -aT:. 1 - . _ ■— 8Q „ K a x ■— ' ^ ^ — S;roc2o O «> 1 E S C c t{C « i-" ^ = ~ . = - ° ^ 3 ^ = rt „j Ph •"> 2 K ^ " „ ® w ^ . -^ u . _i _ •— i-s >-; i i-? w >-5 •< A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 445 a co oo co -h — co t- cm -3 1 co c» t— CO © lO LO C( © -p i~ TJ< 00 CO —4 CO 5b O iO © TC C5 CM CO CO o © o o © co (M« Pi U3 o o o o to <§6> o o o o o O O IO IO o 1— 1 — * pH pH CO © O C* ■<* ?5 C5 O CO iC UO co ^* CM o o l-l CO o "* C5 o o © co to IDOlH o o «/0 00 i-i CO ~ r 1 CO »o CM CO CM O >-0 iO CM CO Ct»«» CJ CO O CM cm 10 O 00 L.O t— 1 PI — t to U5 to 00 00 O 00 CM pirtl 1 pi CO o CO t»toooo«(»nao pi t- O 1-1 iO I-H CM CO co cm lo © to <-o CJ —1 CM O CO co uo co CM r- CJ CM CO m • U0 CI . CI -H 00 t— CO pi CM pi CJ CO CO "» CO -<3< CO © CO 30 CJ — CM CJ '00 «5 CM "tf CO CM -1 i J " £E ' |p?5 I pi 1 1 a j 1 1 ^- o a C c >H o fee p 11 go T. S ~ .> cj o-g S3 C H§^^ ca 3 ai ca_So X - tC . .- ,eui p .= . , JJ ■— .In ■-2 |t§ ! -3 8J5 5 2.3-1 g a 3 ^ _5 "p?a C o 3 _; a, Pi . --^ 2 - • c- - 5 iJ2- p . o >- - a ■ • t2 o o o •- 1 >< a t- c J* -_r o 3£ ^ rh a c? ? p* » . - p CO = 2 - &4 r K p. -3-1*2 b - S ^ O U CO h " k, c llflils < < iJ a; Ph J fe< 2 c >7 a o al to pT . .0 o .&- .«» =3 l^^pf-? — , aj to — •-> > c S "S S rf p* - o Ills « ° 2 . ^: ~ c ti. r= " -2 cj" ^ =5 ^ s u t- 1 co oi S • p- • rt o > o ra -s SS 00 S a I ^ ? d so ■S»J = .gfe „■! •^ T-J O * r •- a 3 "SO & s -o o la" pT> CJ >a Dp T* P^ 45^ 446 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snogu 1 o ! x 1 co oo o o -*n*> 1 ■ • * 1 ?1 1 2 § -* S US €6» •juaS OOO |OI O OOOOO Ol us us us 1 us I us us © us us o us !• 1 us •SJ9 UOTSSIUI -t'uoo 1 <*& 1 ■<-" a to •niag •l 03 MJ, £"> Ct '"GO 1 jj I 00 •1 •uoijeo 1 •uoii -tionpg ® | 2 r 8 US US CO us us r- »-i c. 00 CO CO •suois •"# CT US 1 o — < r-i T* | O CT OO O us us 5S -* US —1 CO CT CO 15 •suois -s;m •IUOQ Tj< .— 1 © 1 IS i— I -H US O O O t~0 CTCT5-sJ t^ US CO— lCO-*OOOsOOf-.- 1 us Tfooioct-naaooioio CT 1-1 sT3 cs ■moo P»I°0 •J30 UO ■rao CO © CO CO CM 00 — ( M «5 O -O rt Ci O) t^ •X9 UO ■UIOQ rt t- 00 us CM 00 us C-CO CT CO-iCTCT -H CT O E o CO O 1-5 -• - P- « J Oli . » • ft* 3 £ 13 h S « « •;* .3 -§ Sjj e •£ 6 c .3 «J 33 a J2 O-i C a oj^ o J 5 ^s ^ s m m m o a a Oh o ct' ^* ,2 1 "2 • ft: '. cce-j 4 ^ to ^Ph* - co go ft-S "< sj P^ j5 •< < l-j K5 Q 2 1 p a 3 9 3 J A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 447 o o o IQ cm o Jj so «© © ■** us o © o c © — © o o o © O US tfj L- © US IC o >o o — 1 <* <=& O CO LO LO CM CM CO — 1 © "35" co co US «a JJ* LO CM ■* CM —( U-J rt ^ C l-5 tr- © , ™ ,i © © Oi 00 ' o © lo — © -r s © CI 00 00 to r-l — CO *tf CM ■»* CM L0 US 00 CM ■** CO © CO CO CM ~ cm © *"* 00 to i-l © CM © " © a P* £« > - > £fe PL. «fi ■•g _ m -c j a > a - S «s"3-3 § 2 > > *- '-> < H o £ a i» ;*. 2 r -O > ij — i © £c.a o a 5 12 &S5 2- o > .a -= •a 0Q "B OS© © S o © PQoiO^ ra o a © — © S B > © 3Q ™ £> = > * £ 5*3.8 = I •r CU, ,/ * °° to 5 . £3 r ^ k" J2 O • ^ ^ © ~ ~ b -0 •- i> = ° . i> - s E B s ' > .a W oq 2 ;.i^ vj f 5 1 2 "3 b i 3 o ^ a g>. 448 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoou • S !H O to ■«* lO Tf 00 X> 3J c"5 •luaS •sib uorssiiu -cuoo •UI9g •UOIJEO •uoii •SOOTS •JOJ CO -* ^ co oi >o 1— 1 t— -«g» •suois ■moQ O C-J 3>J 1-1 o 3^ e«5'3< ust-ettoM^' •uio •tno PJ°0 •J9D U0 •uioq ^00 — •xg uo 00 C>} (M • >-" ^ -," I Z **• Jii ~j 5 3 — s i ti u rt *±? :> s» *r* "0. ° ° 2 3 • - .t; ."i O _0 •- jB "=_ Q 3-S sa o _3 1 -^ ° — _) -o .2 5 5^ -/' m CO . bo ri CO .= a> £ ; s; ^ = 1- 5 = : £ 5g g ~ -J g : • _f ^ C rt — r_3 ts o ■ "■ — £ - ■= -a o-Q IE ~ JT ^ t? 3 "^ ^ S- r3 >>^ la 2 6 w> E.T3 o ~ ^ > a 5" A hoOQ ~ — . a — ^ is c . >-5 M a Q Q ft "o 3 d = - fe •~^ o o ir. ° o^ o /-\ ^ 3! H - - a r cT "Q'a'O 1 s s H - A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 449 500 202 113 1019 00 LO O O O 00 o r- io co c«so — < CM l-H 3 00 2 00 10 00 4 00 1 00 11 37 CO o so CO © o © © © © o O © O iO o © © -H ct CI r^ CI — < Ci f5 C O M — © CN CI CI CI CI >■* CI . UO 'O lo l- © ts r* RhOO "c* 00 ci co oo t— co CO © CO LO © © 1-H t- l-H -f -* CO ., © «o o CI CD o LO r- © lO © «5 L"5 © CI to © CM CO CO © 'O- CI — * CO CI ■<* —4 1—1 1-1 -TH CO t~ © UO © co — © co t~ io © © r- en r- cm CM «o Cl i-» T — ~ CM —i ■<* CJ 1—1 r~ — Of! CJ CI —4 00 CD ■^ CJ -H CD >cf 00 ■H CO uo — h CJ CJ C! CI - '" H 1—1 CO CJ CO ^^ "H c uo — CO © •«* X) © Tl< CI © © © co — 1 00 rjl © © 00 -# t— f- CO — 00 CO t- CI © t— f- ■* — I CO co Cl © CI CJ *n ■^T" — 1 © © -H •<* hcjio^'J^'.iu: ci ■* rt CO 00 - 1 io — 1 © Lfl f— 1 © I— 1 r^ iO © CI 1*4 © c? co >o U3 ~* -gaaaa C3 ft- *f £o; SO •5 J so U g — o u 2 J* o s js — o ts el °2 -s= _5S-C_2 O — _2 -w rf 5 ^ ci J2 s d 5 ^ 5 S > s' - ' -c « - >-s "3 o " . to _» H — "2 U- DO .= ^ -x; c-~ > .8 W H S J ^ 5 , c 52 t; ii ci 1 IS r" W J ^ q 2 jr-g ft-' oT &* | J •7" O U 2 ~" u or «1 u £ o S "O ^ < M ftl f^ a s s.^S* . -^ S = r; ^cs^ft;3 450 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau - S !K UI1U03 •SJ3 uoissnu -inoQ •uiag ■•- *** ^ U0I)I>3 m n a. UOI} -■conp3 •suois -snt •JOJ •suois -Sljtf •moQ cj oo t- deg siutyuj o r- « O 1CCT •dug s)[npv •uioq to OO 00 _ —CO C* t- O C O CJ Tj" CO — CJ U0 •raoo P»I°0 J90 UO •UIOQ -1 = to- a 5 — ~ s .- — & > n b. — o ^ :>. J5? i? ° -= x ry} u - .-. •~ O > OS'S 2 u c a O O CJ PhPQQ > aj ^ > I 3 » — — c 2 ? - c P-. S OT pi -a O c3 5 o O >»ss D SO "~ _>> "2 c f 3 3 >■ id - pq c c a! i~ o &. - o 5 S o o 1 3 !- ' O * ►2 fe Q Pi S p ^■- • ftp^ o 03 .2 > O °o ^ QQ Pi o "H, «h1 - 91 O g • E a > = fePiPi* s 5 j | ou aj g "go uo S o ^ O fa M igPi- c .55 M C "m e .5 £ PL, « a o ±; ri — -c tt ■- ~ — o jr u °!u? * o 8 • Er« >S E-i ^O tfM ~ CD C o — o E - £ S 5** u 3 -= - ote E£ B..C0J fe a s _pp g [■=* : e E= S.S -r :r -o ^3' A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 451 CM co CO TJ1 Of 00 CO CO ooo o on CM(M ^h OOO 00 fflrt ^H I— t 00 o 1: o o o o o o o o 1— 1 — 1 .-H i— 1 o o 1* ■5* CM CO (M CM rH CM CM CM a £> • eo CO to as CM o cr> fliflo t- o — i CO CM t- «5 • — I i— i to CM CM tO 00 oo ous r^oo o t» iflt- co t — h CO "O CO CO CO 00 00 CD lO -H t~ -H CM 00 o CM CM »0 U0 O CD t- 0-# C0O0DU5O1 CM CO CM MS CD "«* 00 — l i-i CO -* CO to ■<* CM Tf CD CO CM C3 LO — i CM ■>* 00 CM t^ t^ CD I-I CM l-H CM -1 _ 00 Tfl CO i-i O .^ 00 i— 1 _ CO -^ r- 1 CM 00 t- CM CM o •-# o— cooo to ncccont'coifloifl cm-* cm cm or~ cm coo-n js p- a >o ^Ph OB 8; - X o *- = £ .Pw<-2 _-* a Q-a Si Ph « P 7 £ fScSC^O .2 O o C CM M . '. "CV1V1 c3 4< co "s I i ■a «j f- E BD rcO «; . CC CO - — Ph .SPrfPH ? =m bio"S t) O 3 i J J^ PQ Ph H .. rt be i= -* e ti) -O o Ox ±3 c" o •-« PhC_> o-'q: 6 5 Ph ' o o k O w i o H d O ?Q ^hj u:o , •» O £ (f * S iu J2 § .Sow ^ .5 £ s w Pu Mh C0 CO to O O "O — I ^ cotDo^o^ajocoiOTf^'Offjtr hoowmh- i n m x o o o o •J33 UO •mo 3 l~- C2 C} Tit rt rt * H rH nf0O-IHKHU5M is .. •r oj -a Si 5 B ;QOfl •5 S.S <« .2 02 °2 Q c o * c c P O -g m -o 5 r" u 3 i o c £ COfflQP-* *=< - - * ■ e rt be c a .=: ^ - S £ IE ra - 2 g S3 tf-e "3 ,£2 « _C o £ o .3 a >* to rs .§ O a) O O 53 35 i^O-5 d d o d >> — i3 J2 b» C <" ^ £toP=«! .PhO- d C _¥ ^ -= S o>u-=r= ~ < n « o 2 • 5 w -O P 02 ■* c5 S > .Ph -*§ jf Ph O - -C *-> 5 .£ £ "5 be .2 .2 — :: ? c o !S ~. 53 g ■ .sPh c be ^.= _ ,o . 5 d § O fe C In o d _ 3 BBS £ tigtnDQ 1 O t- Ph S . 3 HS 2 «5 £ j o P •^ L^ Eh? Ph tT o oh C -""Ph OJ2 2 -Syg o B .S. 15 O o ya cu'? • 2 o . 2 r " o rfi •« ^ tj .5 « u A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 453 t- in i-c CJ co o CJ LO o Ci cj O 00 o in CJ 00 © CO O © o o o o o © o o to rt to CJ CJ *H o u 13 CJ C o co t- ^< 1 l~- 1 Si LO -3" ■jo o CJ o 1 °o in O © in ,_, to ej co in on 1 c{ CJ o o Ci IC — c !-< CO •"* CJ ^r CJ CO 1 * i-1 r-l T? U0 CJ CJ to O C3 uo cj CJ - I— ' us CJ ~ CJ ■* Tjl t« -tf ,-H — CJ CJ 420 228 100 144 300 o o in 00 CJ to CJ 00 CI CJ CJ CO 00 to in oo in — cj CJ —i CJ CJ CO CO o -*CI ■^ 1/5 rj< ■■* CO CI CO CO CO ro o oo o •tf CJ •<* CJ §z: o c / u a a ^ a •5 « « ■= rs "C "5 "3 fc£ feO ^-0 - J tJJ 9 s s^h G I 111? 2 S&h - _- — bo ~r = £ 5* cd r -^~ go — w Z £ S cj S £ *■ cj — tc .S •- ci £ .2 • —CD feO CO he a CJ -O. o o co !> CO . C *- X ^ CJ a— a. — to > y 2 am- sd CO bo >>. CJ 3 ^ — a fa -J d s ^ £ - .* > - ._- . o w ,' r ji 3 -O 1 >£ I. g.s s S "3 =3 2 EM | §-> .a 5 J fee 2 a: 1 a: £- J . c3 . 3 a e bo oo d £ fcjo tei2 bi ■-. -o o - cj „ — '"Cir^^biS a 1 -a On cj -a ^* to ^r . ! eo Ch ■- r C- ' a he§ o l" 1 o .a 7 -^ o CO t- S *** g« . S < be fei '- fe a.® o «- a ? a- o a a c .> ■=; 2 o -o g — c — u > • «' I CC cj » cj ■ — ^5 « r/-j = oo o ^ >-: 55 cc . -A .e-t a' .A«" -8 o 3 33 Q Q to a Vol. XL— 46 e^ — _s -— ■" _a 7 cj .■2.ss£.sps a t»->.T ■> '■," os. r^ c cj •- cj -* a o r*s "^ o rf c ~ — 5 • ^ W ^Ch R a ^ > o ft 5 ^ < — • • >> - -Mi '- , c ? O u o - .-•- n o 1 'Z b W a g c c 1. «s« * . • •-. S4^5< >& - (J-i ^3 ^* co _• cj , a r- a C bjcg a-^, a w 5 Eo 5 = C i-» W >-i h >-. 454 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -T3|J30 ■Sim •jua3 -UIJUOQ •SJ3 uoissiw -11103 •UOIJ -T3onp3 •dug SIUEJUJ s^ynpv •uioq •11103 Pd°D •J30 UO •UIOQ •xa uo •11103 s^: s = CO — - B , ~ rt -. c r: -"88* ._ o .3 "U C J; t. _e ■- 3 o s J5 a O «" 2 ± CD - ft. hi - >' r r. — > BD E t. is S=£ CO cP^ -3 a x im o 3 s d MU&hO > e§ m - > ' > - ^ I 5 5 i-*2 £* = £«' s S & n o u ^_ .3 >i o .-J 4l K-ei © 00 © o —1 o C5 G*} — CN — 00 1-1 CN CJ T CD C5 i-h — TC D C O o O Uiv o p-ec£ j • _ id P- 1 fc"b • B 3 ef o ja ft. "3 M . bJ >i >>.£ -5 & cS O 3 o I5E CC JOD cC .5 0, g . bJD _- B - 3 _ - K 3 3 3 C _Q o 13 5-- '-£ r ~ '-5 .3 ;'-s:5^ . 3- "2 «f a -'Dm- «r . e 3 «a CS " W m J H cc -3 (*1 1—: d° s «5 g SO £q >_r»'™ .3 «j C >S; 72 <— ' — p5 E 0= S 5 = -3 ft, O ?- 1-5 -> >-» < o • =A 2 =3 -§ 1 05 O r- O 3 «J c C2 PQ « ^ "a .0 3 c m <; a s; s s « 0: O ??o^ brO e • 2 E • ft. 'U ft. „ c 73 3 ^>3= O ?° U 3 3 E 5 £^ ^0 " rt rt A D. 1947.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 455 iO co o >o ^ O CO Tl< iQ «"*mcic^ co toooDnooo cTJ — (M — (7J rt C* CO rtrt(MHrt -H — < t^ CO 00 CJ O >J0 o CO <-l CO -H OJ. -H CO i-H-^CMCD f HihCO S_=.d — GO C3 >«jgfflggg Ph cs -e- . CO „- F c » O'g. cs a, CJ • — ° 1 .Ph> O o 3 PPPPE-' DC W3 _2 M0 3 . . - o ■ . o-t, he a o co 2 O ■U S-, JS — IB IB C r5 "5 > >> k s c >• .. d 03 a 7, Ph (3 B 5 - > ho 2 Eh 13 > — ta C £ - rj E 3 s bO 3 < £ J o P- . . .->^s l. > el - C = C- S^ 1 ^ 3 " -o -? ^ 2 «j "So "-• ^ I £ 3's 3-S^fS c^ o^-: P.P- . .g _-? cTp'^ I a £ -^ u « a £ W £ O g < H, 3 S 2^ -S 3 — > in 5j rt OS ID = ~ ;_ o a, "5d 3 = Ph ® bo — IB r .=? . i Ch I CO . ) c'2 I a ■" ® I oi 3 > _ E - a> g!> J o J g 456 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. [ # snoau uo M 10 O O -Bf|30 O CM t« O O CO 1— 1 I-H 00 t- - S !IVT O = 000 O ( — 1 ■juoS 0000 O OOOO O -UPJUOQ I— 1 1—1 -H ^H ""* "* ,-H ~^- 1 ^ "• ** I-H I-H *SJ3 ■3< CM CM "* uo cm n CM "* CM CO iC »0 ■<* HCNM-* •* i-H Ci CI CM CM uoissitu ■UiOJ •uiag 'I^LL ■UO|-)T?0 •nq n d •UOI'} -f CM « UO CM OO cm (N CM CM CM co UO -Bonpg •suois (M O IC CT3 O lO i-H O t^ CM UO CM QO CM n CM CM lO 00 -< «3 CO ■"d 1 " S !W 1— • "H HHH "H •joj •suois OD CM O CM at *} OO O P5 CO 00 O •<* CM uo CO * S !I\[ ■-H •mog •dBg UO t— 1 a 1- ct n t^ t» cc CM uo CO f"H ^H HH i-H CM siuiyuj •dug rt 1— t CO ~H sijnpv r- en t> 00 (M (M O CT 10 O O HIOJIOCICOH^I t- O uo 03 C7b 3! O ?) ■<- uo o ■'fcououoTfci-^coco CO JO — rO"OCM— "5 >>B W O 1— 1 En O co ed p- of "> a c5 ed&< Ph f « u bid O 5 M JO 73 >-» R Cd 3 c cd Ph - BJ jEPh ^ *r 03 ^ pqS bS Ph ■s Ph 03 > 03 ^°: f2=fa- - 03 S K ''> S t* S 03 J* tn O ^ 3 03 00 £■ O a id Ph O CU s td oT > B O "Sc O PL, fc— •— J >— a *- — •- & 3 03 ed 1-- 03 C 6 E-<£ j^^ op ^ CO ed E b -^ CO^-P "O CO 3 ■a O e e O TS CO tJ be CO co 03 ed ed o -O & oj .S 5 •>' Ph' c ■J2 > »5pJ C CO O 5 cd > . 1c td CO = °-> |co-g tj ^ -J5 -3 >. w 3 2 a h- - 3 cd EC co S C «* >' p E tc c Ph' ..5"Pm ~Ph ~Z - >> 03 03 - =Ph.- 3 •— cs A oT * ' = ,S 03 -= > cr~ 03 m 1 n Q > 03 i- td — 3 _3 CO 03 Ut O O 3 -3 OPh CO CO CM ej 4 _5 d Ph Ph cd O PM CO i ^ .2 S S3 -0 Ph * S Ph B s^ rf 1. 3-75*1 co W 5 P C E pa c j? Ph *> -a" "-" = .a OS oT *-. B b£ 03 2 - «d . t "3 CO u S "^ . ° C CO _- j> 2 3 — ^3 fc ed 13 ^ Ph oT CO 3 5 • = d cj h CO s 1— 1 3 < e 10 09 sow lis 1 2 ~ £ ° > C c ."2 rj Q I* 03 - S3 O 1-5 1-5 'S id Q PP d •-5 03 Ph In CO hh . U J" „ I-H <-> ed .X P > > id j- 3 td J Pmco'Q C ||,f 113 ^ ed ~ »-5 E rj CO CO^ 1 S5 >-5 1-5 CO A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 457 3 o to o *o © © © LO LO LO © © to o in lo 25 o o © »o lo # LO •* lo lo X CO Ph -H b£ ' - -a a" Ph ll t3 5 4 £ c = 1 . o >> > . o c tS i 2 sx> s 5(2 :! > a Ph d >>Ch ei Ph o a *r "™ ° a o >.- Q c 5 tD >M" e W _ e£ — S o >> = -3 bo £ a 3 3 O rS « Ph si bn _ BB^pl si 72 T3 "S a C -3 £ O si <3 cC^'Ph" ti 'a CO CO K O & S Q ^ ^ O "3 O CO ftl £1 £ >< Ch « CO H ~ T3 H PhPh > b£ e j . s- S 3 O o *0 tJSq "S 3 ^ J3 X . - a u~ — " — c ~ 2 ^ i£ . go fr. •3 1 '1 S 1 2 1 3 uol Mc son 1 li erson 1 n Ton uol Mc CO p £ "5 "3.2 5 EC ^ < *< M r ^ • 5 >' a a m — . i-:. < i-s 46^ 458 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau ^ sr, m in oo -■2\\30 \ T ~ l ^ m '""""' CO t~- to tO O i-H O •%aaS -ui^uoq 0000 00 CO 4© 000 tf5 10 10 10 •S13 UOISSIUI -UIOQ ri 10 »o »o CO 4© CO CO "tl* CO CO •UI3g •pauj, co co cm CO CM €£> «0 »C UO CM CI t- lO >-H "UOtJBO •iiq'tij to CO •uoi} -i!onp3 C5IMO CM (M « Tj" to TO O 6fi> -* CM to 10 1-1 •SUOI8 ■10 j cs co 10 cm H CM CO to to oo 00 lO "* »H 1-1 •suois -si IV •UIOQ rtl^f' CO "3 1 co cm to CO CO TJ M to »C «0 CO CM •dBa SJUBJU] cm ■*? co CD — 1 -y< 1-1 COnH to Ci Ci O Ci •dug s^npv •^ CO -H r-c CM — 1 •UIOQ cm ci tc ic re •■* t- t- 0 *H -H i-h CM — 1 CO C3 Ci -T-or^ co cot-ci CM -3*tOt— ',t— tot^-tro CM CJ ^ -. _ •moo P.I°0 M9D UO •UJOf) ■*'fl«5IM CO Tj< *-l CO r-l •X3 UO •moo 1-H CM -H CO CO CM ffl Tf U1 Tj< O O H to O Ph fcuO c O ri ^ a? £ • °1 e! «5 (2 j^ > e" l> 1 • "c CO 'f E-i CJ „ ri Pi rt CO* ►> -• S ' -a ^ 2 = co' CO • O _!£ . yJ t*. k». "^ — , - _a cj _> c u • Ph P- ^"^ -V_B*r?SP-H P-m ^-SmoJSas-Js ^^ *^ J-l ^O ^"l^O -^ 7] — tn _ ^J »- CJ ^ r- — ^ —I ,— ,—■ ^2 C-^iyo^ 2- !-.^^^-— •— -C ri » w , » *-i — ' t--i DKau^OH-^MCLufe j O v;ciQ os d to W W to s 9 us CM d pj-fi 1 .1" A 1 - ogrt -. r- 1-> ? - ° « • 5*>—' -c ^c — J2 •— r^: » t.> ° b g| 1 la A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 459 i— • O CO to CO t— <— CM © o © o o o o o © o © — .::; © US LO lo •n a K) U5 fl O U5 U5 "O CJ LO CI 00 CJ Tf © if) CJ CJ Tjt CI t-H © to if) 00 CO to if) CJ — I f- ■M if) LO CI © LO LO lO CO CI 00 -* CO UJH«"H - — 1 © 00 LO if) if) CO LO LO — lo CJ lO tO — I rf 00 © i-( CO — i -* ^1 CJ CO CJ era CJ -* cj © CJ CO CJ ci i-h cj co CI !-■ t- CJ f- CO co CI CO CO 00 00 CM LO <-H © r-ci— <00i-icocj-rr i-i -i CO ^H 1 © CJ to CO r- CO co CO CO © T)l LO CO CI CJ 00 ■<* © 1— 1 CO CO rf C! eo CJ 00 00 CO GO CO o CO i-l CI oo no io •<* cj CJ -<* CI -* © co © © "^ CI CJ Pi s — HI o = S UQ5 Dl s -a 3 s» = o ■8 b*-3 § 1 c -° i_ 13 S * § S S a E w o^ bog •- .a Pi .o . (S"SPi 3 C 3 a 2 — > o — Pi Ph j >» h » >-> d 6 > of u Pi ^ *£ Q Pi £ O02 -s p- * | a -* g c= £ S-2 2 g£ S g-g P- £ "S C m te ^ S= 5 > o.a o o & 'Z W t3CQ Pi J> kTP- -• .05 CO bi^Pi r pL, cq - a >P- ~ a & gi 02 S ■S T3* O Pi &« I § «a SE — o ^ te .3 a c .- a ^ g O o o cS ;— m is Pi J O tui ti S ry; -o> a .S cc Pi g.g T3.S j- Jg -a i e< -a S i; c B ou — E >> >. ■f, c a 03 rf 03 03 ■I. b* bx H - a > <<; a id Pi V- uu « 03* P-. - * "S ^ CJ « b" 5 m 5 e3 > .£ = -C cl, ^ ■ ^ S (jfi S '- >j £Pi^5 * o o -i to "3 " Cu „ cj C- HE5 Pi a Cm" Pi I. .p- . | d > C fe ! B 5 s £ Owen, Martii Graha Brow alhoun D. Mr venson P. Ha Howel s E Griffith Thomas Richard James I Adiey C William Ross Ste William John G. a .a o — i £s t -6 a'O >> 2 - °J - £ a o £ *- Kj « m ** Pi — co ►>• ™ i- ^- o 13 -&1 Pi Pi 'T ° 13 • 2 02 2- a CJP- . • to* > bo Pi — 1-5 .2 H M(i..iS r S -•'- CO £ X Pt, S p^ ^ ^ hp-o _ I ft a < ^ ^* 5 1 460 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau oi c* o «# ao •** cm o -i to t' (m o us o ififlci •^"t i— i Cl CO "V # O OD O t- CM CO >0 CO — c^ cm wo — ao cm rr — -qi co co co «o co .— i — i i-hh to M icO to •suois -siM •UIOQ CO CM O O -* CO K0 O UO O LO C75 ICMWn LO CO CM »0 CM n BW ■* Mi i-h t-i ■"* 00 CM •dug sjuiyuj — o cm en o •*)> •■* m cm — co to go co cm uo co P-l — — — —1 «"-H CM'-' <-l CM r)i 00 CM •dcy sjinpv ■^ tJ< p-i — < CM CT: CM— CO CO -i CO CO •11103 CTi -tf O 00 —I C5 O — J 00 CO -# CO C5 ■* CO CO CO CO M coir- o o o >o wenco CO CO GO O O r- o o t- _, rt — l — CM _, ,— , ^ — i CM — I — i-HMCO— < CO •UIOQ p ( i°o •I3D UO ■ffloo coco cm o go i- cot-^co nocji'* wc-nc- CO 00 •X9 UO •UIOQ tot- o cm -^ Q0 -* ao -r o o co cm — < — «o cm ao o pH — CM — — — P-ICO CO CM o s o E* o Pi J 5 S. £ p?' tS p? d Ph >, Pi •*< Ph cs ^-^=3 (£ Pn^PiOp H ^ | £ Ph £ g g C- - bo 3 = iy)^ 3 >» o ^ *33 to s ^ = M ,K - ^ . c a 3 jS-'S 3^ & 1 c-2 fcjo 5 ° tjo-g ^-§ £"" "S - 2 u bo § !> Pi o < Pi Pi O t» • " O hO.S . ^ bJDrf •"> >, '^ • J c £ ,co"o 3,-11* iilflii ^ rsd-" itliSs.li ij 15 WCP'Jl Pi-5S O COSO P^g-^CPi03>pjSpiifcg&ifMKPi MINISTERS, &c. q- . Q P-i • Ph Q ■So; § -r - Q - Pi's ^ ^-^Oh . Mft. C o'rri" ^=2 9..| s, te -|o; s^i^^i c| sis' a3^ ^^ -g ^p-V- -a2o3>'S°S ria7lS=g b» |goS is^ S a g« ^lli^^gilsl^^ = gS £^S p, "ill J^ S | =':IS-= S|h |J ^0< <«^ Ph fihM ^p?-lH5-?£p?r?^H««5 5^ : S : 30 1 | i i A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 461 [• | o o o © © o o o u) «; o «j «) «) © O © o o l§ o © © © co co co ic r- "O CO TJ- Tjt ■<* co CM CM *# © © © "* CO cn oo 01 <-1 Qi *H O CN 00 L 33 Ci HO no cm t^ OJ CJ CO lO -f CO CO -H Qi CO © ©1 co •>* © © CM —1 © 1-H co ^f co ■<* no t-- CM co- -H CO — CO TH -H 00 CI O © CM * — © -J CM — i CO CM oo oo uo U0 — i — < CM — — i © -H © t- CM © CM 1-H CM i-l to t— 1 © co 1—1 cm 00 © C- t~- Tf I— U0 <— i 00 © i— i © t- co CO CM — 1 CJ CM 00 CO CM © 00 t— to © ■<* t— 00 © cm r— uo CO to to cr> j- io co © to © lO 00 i-h CM CM —1 CM — CO — CM CM -tf Tt r-- i~- >o © cm CM © to io r- t- CO - -* CO © CO — to HO CO —1 © to to © CO CO © © 00 o t- t-» CO -». _2 Eh £53 . HH o . Oh .2 " ca •>Ph .. cu >-. o u o — -^ QJ £ 53 o a Sn oca 53 ci Oh ChPh - r - g -a *> 3 « flj « * 0- - g -g. S -. -n t: HI r- .-' i- "■• £ t> J2 • == • ~ > c 3 >• rn 3 CQ - > -3 oi !- — o H pi o o p CQ 73 HK a. 3 •— o _2 PCQ PEL, O > co. tT— Ph°h o ^ e m — 2 u n ^ a> — * ' - jj S S o ,5 ^Ch££E£ o tB - - , =3 .03 ~ 2 CQ ^"2 "3. =- ^ M — . O "Chi ^J i o o « 0-' 72 ' . . °- ^ kS = = z s ■ fcrii o S « « "3 § * g t« £ > 2 ^ d X Hi CQ C " "3^^ S £ S -2 >>j2 > a -o o & O O rt 3 O -3 U 3 si & '■= « 3 t2 B 2 ?rtO Eh^. HI ! §T-s s -£ "3 S r. 3 -a Ch 2 <» n3 — U3 . PS fe>^i 462 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau | -Bliao | - s m 1 ■no innion-* 1 — < CO i-l CJ t~- I SO CO CO o c>l CO •}U9§ o o o •O lO IQ o CO o o o o o IO U0 IO io >o o •SJ3 uoisstui 'C0r)■ ca x'fa CO . CO •" •S o £.!■ ^ c5 fa =r CL> > "5 fa fa P; o O 3 £ o ^ --P" . o S -° « S ^> - - g "5 k2 2 =} o si fa d fa* o o CO •a o 72 a o fa P o fa . . > -t>- • . fa - ° 5 -= 3 3 Jia _*. ** ^* _ -s .^ c: r 3 fa • M * 1 - ^ - ■- p-fa >._-fa ^ S's-g.a § s a • I'.'S ->; «£ &ja § -s s SZfafaCuDaj&cqoofa 3 fa > '3 fa el * ^ . m - P- 1 ,r - - . oJ . -^ S^faCn^S^^-B -U 3."i g^ g g'3 S g S " Cu a 3 fa C5 o BO fa h QD fa^ • *i 2 r ^.fa n - 7 ,S-3 5 fa £ p; "Sfa.2 c » - «- tag U -O § C3 pc5 . 'S •§ ffi 6 _ a ^ t*, co g 3.^ u O O 3 i J § * i •< 72 fa ED 1-5 M CJ "S L, 1 1- ■p: a*' CD c <5l o o o . Ed io il a Si o -« cl So a, CO o M u ** .£ £**.*.£*?£ **** • S 5" -S^ -«J &»i £^o>- J2 6 2 S 'S S 2 M ^-,fa i-j Q hU^h*5^ A. D. 1347.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 463 00 «o oo CO «0 CJ o o CO © o © o o uo «o O O O « o* CO u;hh r^t oo no co co -*}< nnn -H C¥ -1" O c* co CO O ifl CI CO t- C-. L-5 -3< i-i t- — ' — 1 CO © CO to UO "0 LO CJ CO t- >-o o •*- CJ CI l- "* © X — • CO — i 1 ■** CO --i CI CJ © CJ 00 o -i 00 O O o ut do r-. ci co co ■? ci «: ■* co ci — i CO CI 2* CI — i CJ CJ t- o-=>c?>-ocr5-H^ oc n n Mnn 00 CO CO CJ >-0 i-H CJ LO © © ~ X — UO © © © CI cii5in-»xt>oX'-xaii':"w(M C5 — oo r? CO f- O C5 CJ CJ CO CO ■^ CO CJ CO -* U0 CO CJ CS CJ © CO >■>* » >> 50 - « •* ^ 7J £ ^ — fa _ — d K ■ hJ 2 C_c 3 J =f • > _ j, ^» „ jj rK.M ^ c P ^ ~ 2* — -" 2 -^ P- . P-c v " "Ph J£ b '7. o " O ^ - X §fi :CC gQ .5 O 3 . c» ai . too" go co > a; r P./2-* 8 Ph _, T3 £«,?^ S5 =~^ 2*1 32 Js I 1 Ms j g g£ m bj — g o > S-sl ■** o U 5 - = o •- c ozlc — ss ^ -=; — ^ ^ -5 5 SH ~ 1) 4> - _ = -^ :: ~ «o O c ■7- SO B C- § Si a s ^ 4 ^ OH hS S a 1 o* , Pm 1 "^ ■ B "5 ^ E sS ^ Ph > a r^ ?3 | 464 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau SJ3 uoissiui m°0 iflt^o(er)(MCiOfMn«u5H(M n Mhhji •OI3§ UOIJ -uonpg •suois • J0 J •suois •m°Q •dcg SJUPJUJ —l o woioon c5— oo t- o ■* « ■* -« OJ CJ t?* >-> C* -H «-H(M L~ 1-H *-1 "# ^ (?) t- •dug sjjnpv m von co — > Ci OJ CJ •luo3 •101, M oo c. r o c; o o o o •» «; cj ti o OOOOD-fi.'jnOCOI'QOQOGTl' i-i 0 — 1 rH "* ~ oOrtMnrtnsjnwn CO — 1 •-H *-H -* lO C3 C5 "* CM "0 €© CM O 00 © CJ o eo co ■* "o OS i— 1 i-l t~ CT1 CI eo o no io o CM o C •»* •** O lflt-t» CJ — CO CO © t- LO CO OS O O CM CM CO ui co cm t" co oo io r~ © CM _ _ _ CM Ifl ^ ifS t- »— 1 — 1 o CM 00 en CM O -* CM ■* >o Ot»0!-#rtQOTfOtOU1 CM rt ^ CJ CJ ■<* to o CO CO CI CM — i-i CM " H '" ' o to o ■^"OOOtOtDCOTfOiCl oooo»ocotot©ot-~io — 1 CM WOD-OMOn-OOtDO Ot^OOOOCO — OC500CO Tj« ,-1 — I — 1 O CM OS Tf •<* t- o ao i-H 00 CO "* to -"J"— ■( CM -1 -h to "O -h lo — i to co rt-"(M-< 00 to ■^•^■cOf-iCOOCMCOCMT* W H o c e ° S _Q 13 - ■5 £ B JS -3 .2 6 O fcuO °o 3 15 jT XJ 6 £ K S j 3 1 3 5 ►2 x 5S O 2 •251 OifO ^ o ^ rB ■525 Pi 1- .— o is 6££ ts w _h ro 7. 1 S r/} QJ O- CO c B fa 3 *, 04 B t— E^ £ B ™ 3 B a> <1 ;/} co> g r ,S "2 g ? ".E1H- © b u " bo & 1? S o .c _ B 3-°o - a! Pi 2gj Vol. XI CME-i —47 Uh Pi ^^g fa Q 2 • >> -B -^ O bxig a .5 -5 C — ^ c oO a o o c c 3 o o >. ■- a C K c S Sfa *3 E ' *<£ fa 6 3 3= S B ggi 466 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau •;uaS -uijuoq •sib uotssiui oj cs o* o» 10 ■* en cs m a a ot •uiag •I°3MX •UOIJBO •uoi] •suois sim ••■QJ •suois -sil\f •UIOQ •dug S^UBJUJ in t- os >rtoo oo cit-i-i deg s^npy ■«* <>! o a t- •UJOQ •iuo P.I°0 •J30 UO •moo 10 ^ n irj — i oo — < o -h cj ci •xo UO •mop CO 00 C*» COO- 1 05 r- O bo O .3 G C 15 2 0-2 cO .2 -2 O = .2 m BS.J; ^ toe gs 02 02* ta'92 £ H o." ry5 1 ■r "a-""; fc£ 5" (73 2 •5 S J Oh' E. V. — O o 02 - . t£&* . 02 02 ® • o -5 02 > o *~ > -a jj C n OJ > CO £ o • S s 9 O o - ,_, ij 3 «- S> *■ ►> _C ^wOJ e> h cch ca m > m Egesuoa > z z ^ «J a q ^od ojsl ^2° i-si-s W . . u c C CO 1-9 i> — u ?iSp-j 02 M E g £ 2 „• • i <^» h»2 .2 :' W 42^_ - O 3 i £ s O (S cd i->>-s 02 9 « siw * TH to OS "* "«f CM CM -H us cm oo t- «^oo fH cm CM OS CO O CO OS to i-H US ** CO CO -* US o CM CO i-H US t^ O CM ^ CS tO OS rH OS CM to 00 t^ -H CO t- *# CO CM CO I- CM t- *-\ i— I us n< co co co CM 00 US 00 CM © US us US CO i* to t- CM us CM CO CM CM cm o 5 SQ g 02 ■- be o 2 kj 00 — j 83 . J5 "3 "o HQi*Pn :=0 - % ° d » i. o . . . O . - O O O -; O -< q a .a — .-. O ■-> a .— far-B -C _a "^ — I 3 a "o o 0j br~ -2 — "3 -3 j; O OOqO "3 „" i," J » of O 3 » B a ^ Ch •• rf c ja Pm — r , -a Ch ,jj Oh CO ►J 13 © S3 o £3 o Oh l^Q^Sci JH op- kHOh Ph S .-s § Oh^ . DC QQ m m r ci — -3 a. 172 ? o , ; © ?? 13 J-m - "5 "O O jj ^W .P-i 3 (3 So S g^3-S - S §"S 2 l-H - 2^ S . S3 'On . S ^ J 3 0=3 B O p^Pn s a ci a a -a O ^ Sh <* — • = 3 2 -£ Oh p- cj 7 • i i -a « o u "it c ^2 ■«'"> s Iq CO 3 "^ Cu - CL ' J3 " . en - fc °Q -a ^ pl, c 5 -5 O P 0) a o ba. "2 ^ — O 3 !? -2 o — . ♦? 02 o g « K p - ^Q (H .5 a 3 — = ° ts l-5> <>>-*+% Ph ■S 3 "-a E £'S ~4 ^ HK^^ 468 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix •snoau •sijtf •■juaS upuoQ Ci <£> QO SJ3 U01SSIUI 11103 -!■* -*c*^tt-*fmnti'&ttD~-^<— ntO (M t- t- >0 iflrfKCCJ 1 «•<* •dcg SJUBJUJ o cj oo ro eo - m 2 a T3 3 3 hi 6 isle, Ohio. , Ohio. 32 o i S J .5 32 £ B ;r 5 '£ _r O O 3 > a — m O - 5 3 Ch O 3 - -O - "3 C 3 3 O > n* S 5 » is h 03 U a o ho 3 "o § S - - £ -' c d "3 > bS 32 .2 § .kS p P "3 2 """"" 32 - D. IH'-'.C o o» « £ § » -^ ", =" •rtJO^PCQ 2 > "3 -S 3 O-S 5! 11 II - c 3 32 J" 3 >- •= > 3 w — 3 rt M J) ~ ^ O U C S 8 :-' O u af a h en i— i 32 = S 2 <4 go § = 33 t 3 SjS 9 2 7 32 32* 111 00 O <-- a -a 00 41 V. a. *- fl "^ ' S « -0^ S :3 r: C s a = O O — | a Q O 3 a, S s 7. 32 "c 7) O p 1 p m 3 ho 3 S *5 32 SS i-J d £> C» "3 • -a _~ H OQ x' id >-5 (3 1-1 A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 469 1 to o to ■»* o o © o o o o irS to if} to to to "O © to CO ^Ct 00 to co co «5 C m o 6.2 rt ,2 a> O "o G t»"-S o a. o a ft u SOS s O oO =f o § ■g rt ^ .s a £ oacQ o q c c «* >T3 >»•* S J O >! .-. Jjj ._ S >l r O jQ sr-ri^rqa J2 £ ii2 ^ .5 — rt «5 q . . of w * fe CO CO 3 r; ^ _q cfl"^ &0 -a g -g q: q . _r I — c 2 e O. O si »- 2 s. o q »r -.S o •m "T q 0^0320 >i CQ erf >.-2 fct SO o O O CM iO CO •;uaS -uiiuoQ 1 00000 •SJ3 UOjSSIUI -uioo tO 1 I tDM Wrtr-llDH CM CO CM CM 1 <5© 1 CO ClCMtOcoCMi-i— inn-f •UI3g CO I CO — 1 1 — 1 1 <=© 1 CM CM 00 •UOI}^0 1 1 •uoij -Bonpg SO V} O CM CM CO h o^ 1 n 01 CM •suois •JOJ CM C2 CO to CO 00 t~ to TJI -H iO 01 CM 1-1 'SUOIS If. to •<* O ^ O CO 1 CO -QUIT 1 CM CM tO •UIOQ 1 Ht»^l t- Tj t^ IO 10 sjubjui t~iOOriQOro CO CM CM —id— 1 COm tOCMt- •dBa s)|npv t- 1— 1 1— 1 05 CM CO i-c 00 •woo ■»°JL —1 HOMt-t-iflOOCC CO CO CO -* 1— 1 — 1 >— 1 • g°.S9 °Ji g g S 5 §S 5~ £ g^s-gTS'S | § 5 g g S>-S .Sj ^ 02 H B U P K O 02 02 . Ph 02 P^ 02 CM -g S* i»" £ ■£ X J J . DO v 1> 02 | 2 . . .q: ^^ 02 M S £> 3 p cs § S § *- » a £ - 3 S «™ fe S°&S,.S2c p--Q 09 B .B to w ■- 4) hn _2 ^!C.2£L »>io'5''OrSTiSi soo^—o^ci O..S .-£tj Sk B 5"3 B -2°2\s.2rt-3 d DC pi JO »— 1 g 1^0 *; 2^ =f I £ p-Ph «r .ig 1 a _ * * Si a* ^ X - a 1 ^ ■< 1-; ^ p^o'«2 Ki-J 1 g .£. s'>0h* _' . .72 BOSSES g=S ^1 ^ «J »-S l-» i-» f» W ? 02 >-ti^ i-» A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 471 co CO CM CM — I CM CM CM CM ■^ ^i ^ k; n i-i t» ci t) " n h h h co CO to tC 3 CO C5CJ -H to 00 CM CO ^< COt-Tf o ii CM i CO co t- to CT to CO CM "V CO 00 CM CM CO CO CO CO CO CO CM i CO —i n CM ^ o oo — 1 00 CO i-l i— ?! CO CO — — i >— CM 00 ea cm ■!• >o r- ccc; co ~! co o eo •<* oo s co oi — >M« 00 o CM CM — i t- CM OO O CM CO CO CO CM '-O CM CO CM i —i — CM n to CO C- ■>* 1 -# CO to co cm — i cj co cm -3< co oo cm CM CM CO C> t- tO CO •"*> o --Q ^ o s ~ Q r i O ^ ^ ■ "S §13 3 S 3.5 >■> ,2 uj; o O — « S ft, (K Jfc-03 ° n-2 c O -b 0.2.2-S w -, - ~ r\ C .-. iJ •— ™ * rr— -^ •*" O a ^ ^3 JO l.—'1-?^__- - M » E- ?r > f O W 3 ~ C^ ~ 'H ■3 .Br— ™S r S_ S <-•_-« i. GJ.5 3 = ~ o £ g J2 a) _- or ii a -A fe b 5 07 3 S B ti = taH O ! a JO'S • "i i! i „ .t> B^ 1 0- t/2 O I p*:s =" : "** CB * — =3 Olh . .C- ^ kJ '> :_r02 ^ft^aSS* if. s "3 "5 c «ioo«2y !°S.-«-3 t: _■ m b a ^zo:t SCu &*2 _- I ^ S3 o o a 5 r_ re 2 -o S Z S3 25 US3 !» kJ , ri ^ C <5 Q b a -j . o 5 Ph i-s t-s i-» ^O B B 472 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoon 1 r, => co a m <=> ••Ej|aa 1 "* r ~ > - s m 1 o '%uo3 -uijuoq lO OOOOOO O O O oo t- O UO »J0 O UO ifl U0 »0 UO iO UO CO •SJ3 UOJSSIUI -UIOQ 00-^"O CM UO 00 — co cm — < cm o co •arag o» co o co uo CM CM >-H CO CO •uopco •nop -Bonpg CO CM «5 1- t# CO •suois •JOj I— O OOUOUOUOCOCOCOt1< UO r-1 PH CO r-l CM P-i r-t CO CM O •suois ■raoQ 00 00 O CO CM O t- CM CM CM ■<* o -H CO OJ -H rt Tf ,-, CM O i—i •dug siutyuj C!« O CM CO u0 UO CO -"31 -^< CO — i»5)h ->3< o 00 o CM •dsg stripy — 1 1-1 — * 1-1 -^ •"3 1 CM CM •U10Q •*<\L O CM t~ CO CO COIOi'OOOD ■* C5 in ifl -4 o CO *0 CTJ — 1 CM •UiOQ P«I°0 '130 UO •IUD3 co cm r- -* "* co i-h oo co t- ao uo 1—1 1— 1 CM CM 00 •X3 UO •ttTOQ COCO —t CO CO CO 00 rilO i-i i-l (M t- CM CO 00 CM i-4 CO C3 lO tr~ o 1— 1 Em o o Ph .1 2 . | ■ • I'd .2 Jod go. So J | •§ .eg | ,5 6 P fc. B S 5-oG f* 3 B c3 cci o £rtl>~ra .-.2 m ZaQu £ £ N O m O > 53 aa to 'J £ § » cS^"7°3S-C'- 3 t«fefe m ™S"J-0 ;s rf J _.ti>-"3 Oqco IJ Sl ? = ^^=-:|^ U ^£^^S"^ all u Ed? Pi Eh GO i— i i— i r> ->• c£>S^£2 ri ^^cS^s^ § JfllaE? -s !^ P» M o 1 M ?* c o -S i ...so • 0=E H *i > rt A D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 473 «* "* O 00 o o t~ TJ« O o "^ • 1 r- co — i co O i-l 00 O j| o t» r- co — 1 — -, J -X ■* -^ t-ot-t-f-u:n-H o> ci co co ■*3< CT (J, _ _H _ _ _. cs co St OSCCNWh tJ< CJ CO Of Qi os 00 CO — coocoooococo x r; C! « <* « -H •= o .00 Fi 15 • .2 ' = "3 o b2V,bO S " ■go § o.s-js = S S o o D b m == pu » .a — » 5 « * -H ■BO 15 OJ.2JO g = ■2 '-5 C _2 . ~> — — _'"= -S dO-2 - , ."55 o _-C O — o -15 -O --2 ,S o-a 23 3 -O CO be co co 02 T • be . E.— = o .B s . == J5 be* S O X X _ EG - £ -5 = _ 5- ™ - t; _ S A 5P t _ r > . 5 c c 3 £ . i"' ^ — C> _. O E c _5 — - .3 e o _C a) ~ bO g o o "So be: B - CO B cd S "3 o-3 c -— in — ^. O — — .° -.Em *- >i* "^ CJ — Bifu£So^OoQCilsaJcoS«^>mtt C20 i >> s 5 w e-c. S „• .a ** . -S * — -r E £J2v« - X ,/~ r; 73 e o e^ ^ e — ~^Z — \z. b e ^* O c C- f. S.5 3* ™ - S "o r = a & I i g -PlJ-"P x J -a C taL o e cd - - ■■= M rtcc^-jf-!'-. --C2 Ch 474 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -■BIJ30 • S !IM i- 1 -* 1 s 1— to CO O i/JQO CM t- C— — 1 »/} t^ CM C^ •juaS -upuoQ 1 O O CO * sja | cm n«n m lo 1 v) at a go oo cm •<* uoissitu 1 2 1 M *~ ' " ' -U103 | 1^1 •mag CO to 10 1 CD 1® •UOI1CD 1 1 00 CM •<* IT" 00 •uoij -■eonpg 1 CO ^-COCO CM--0 t^'S'CO t^ — ( •* CM — 1 — 1 •SUOIS lC--Tj< 1 lO 1 CO 3)lO WNOO U5«0 r-H CM "^ ^f CM CM -* CO CO CM —I CM CO tO t- CM •suois 1 co 10 no 1 co fimts t~- — 1 10 -* to .csiTiT 1 •— 1 | CO 1 CM co •— 1 CM >— 1 — 1 1— 1 •mo(j | 1 ] •dug SJUBJUJ •d^a sjjnpy CM 1-1 10 UO 05 (MOO ^COt-CM"*^ 1 ^ rt CM rH -* CM O CO CM O M (OH« n ■uiog —■ t- t— CO CO CM IOOC5M CO no n O —4 Tfi jco coco— 1 o^ao cico^o"* to ^< r- CO rt CM ^H — 1 •U103 •J33 UO •raoQ OJO 00 00 •<* •X3 UO •0103 CM CO C- CO 00 CM (MO0-* lOCM^COt^ -HTfCM CM — 1 O CO Ph 2 a 6 .2 6 •3 2 • - . J3 . •- ° . S ° IS 2 ..2 3 .2 2c,;,.2 O^ O &>.S O £ jd O > 2 n oj ,~ -2 „ ,3j .1; O . o- 3 ■ &• 'js O -§2 5 Sfld d o-f O oii 2 ,Sg^flaBj| .g .s.ll ^s° i d i-> A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 475 CD O O "* 1 co «s 00 m 1 o 00 «© 1 1 o CO oooo o o oooo oo o»o«oo >o >o lO >0 O © wo 00 -H C! »0 <» CI O T* Wlfldff) "* UO CO ^< -* I-HT^ * co o to 00 TO CO t- <* HO tcooo >o co o> o -* co CJ c? Oil OT TTC-iOCJ tOCT ■>* Td to ■*•*!< hCJ -1 - - © 00 CI ■* r- Bfl tc o •<3< oo cs -* to uo ni-uw'flt'MnOrtWfj-.rtC) C5 CO ClOOirtiOtNOiOOt^CO rH o «s ~ — o rt c JmS .a ° IS s O '3 -r o°.? .83 5° - o ^S.2 S'g °-o° JO .2 ri 5 ' > *J Q O U M S o Q S *5 > 1 = c — "3 — | SfP-3 W ■fi ua. . ,o x 0- CT P a. •1h -? S3 m £ .• Cu 3 "° >.^TJX > h «; a " a; > ^ >>•! 0- fcfl •Cu S^C-^ _' > -^ Oj 'hn o ° O & £ * « . b = -Js if P- b" E? O & bo 476 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau •}U3§ oiiuoq SJ3 uoisstui i~- f r- I rc l« •UI3g •UOIJ-GD ■Hq n d •uoi) B3DP3 u •suois • S !K •suois •P'QQ •deg SJUBjUJ go —i to x •dEg ■UIOJ •jox •IUOQ PJ°Q cn cs o o m c o s - r: ; o -r -* o = — sxhi-S'* x is oj-* ci •■* c o - ji ci o. o "j^xoxfffn^r.co ci — i — ( r-i CJ — . O •J33 UO •xa no •UIOJ Ci -iO X O L-5 — u-; I x uj-<-i r =i CO _2 • 3 O O ■ — C — > > S3 -8 — & co E § - "C -o co to co ^co ^ >co .8. >' i i."co ,2 =111-1 - ^ C "^ G^ h ^i tf -I i.'r — r fee c ►S ° M C •> "*2 .5 — g^ii-I £■£ S 2 g £ - K ~ U CS I 00 oo CO °? i-- ° <*. a r. £ -»,"o -3 n E -" = g ^ P^ 2 » Q — o [S B co 4 < 3J ►? H gco goOCO* - ^ 5 3 >- r- 1 <— <^ a . rj S -a oi ~ 2 > c w r* o o Hjir- c* ut o a co tiiOH oo © © C5 © in •nini-rioin^irteocq in (N a © oo to o ITS — 1 ^H — oo©© o oj^ior^os oo co O , o >, CJ Z? o T3 a -3 j» = FH - 02 > to G tf — " .O = — C ^ o 2 > Phi ctj O O O ■< ,02 w w ri 02* 72 r - £> JaO i-O O *j a M r3 u ca ■? J J _»2«2 > 02 72 J ]§ J =5" s . 2 .-s >; a- = . • I 72 72* 02* § § .S 5 J22 J 0*72 •< a*72* . V. — , , ° S"2"c.3 a — b d i: _ o a c-i O "»0Q 02 02 02 . 02 02' c^- 02 aj _cj "^ fen u -02 > - ^ =T -a "3 5 U 2 ° o ■ - >■> ° M = C a •- u o o 5 S £ z; o o a a u -2 & "5 ° C3CaQgL,g -302 .."1 . T3 . 02 02 02 00 ,* 05 -. - . . ~ .02 js ■_ 02 — ~o » Ti " 0- >- a 2 N g.b&anj-agri .2 S £ o 02 c^ ££ >J |02 2 m 5 a ft, c .S 02 "3 72 o _ - On S a" o o ►n ^ «2 [^ o - QS -"*"02rt5 2 O -°2 X P^ a t- ~3 - OQ T^ > --2 — M hr & rt 1- & uel N. ed Rye ah Cra 1L.M O 3 s a' E^-~.~ •7} K ~Z O O 02 * *- CO ■-i CM eo o •;ua3 "UIJUOQ O 4© •Si3 UOISSIUI -UIOQ »o 00 €© •lD9g 'UOI}BD •uoi; -conpg •* €© •suois -sil\[ •joj CO 00 o T* CM 00 CM •suois -Sim •UIOQ ^f cm CO cm -tf O CM CM t- OS CO © CO •d^a 8JUBJUJ CM 00 00 iO 00 CO cr: -^ CM CM •dug sjinpy o CM — < CO 1—1 •UIOQ •1°J, 00 CO r^ o OOU5 00'* COt'iDMt- t- ^ o: ci >— I CO ^ ■<* CO CO •uioo Pd°0 •J33 UO •moo 00 co ct^c oU -^o gc o g -5 o *> 02 02 ,2 M w eq CM a . I o .50 A 6 > • a ,02 . .■« Rock fore Corydon, Salem, V (/« trans D su'j«iui0 o « , o - S r *• SB . < c 2 -5 i<° c I 6 o ^2 ^ c OQ 02 » .02 U 02 o ~ > E ! •J^PM^! •< 02" § & 8 A Ph° . CO o 02 02 - 02* -a • 1) (TO «" tf ^ ^ A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 479 1.- o o •<# -H o 1 1 OJ o ■* 00 r- -<* OOHt^H 00 to !N CI CO 'tf CO to to « t-» co 00 c» o u? CM CJ ■*# Ifl O OUJ rH <-l Si rH Si C* Si t- CO •* 05 00 to t- uo to a oo -* — > rH «0 I-H to l/J <* CO rH o ^ to CO CO ■r)< c* »0 rH C* 00 OS CO C5 C3 CO (M oo -^ oo •* 3 2 rn -H * i-H >rt rH rH -H in oo t- -* t- "# co Tf f- CO Tf ■<* to th CO rH iflCi rH to a to to r- o CO .-I ITS O rH -H rH CO ■*(MO ■** o CO I-H 0O t~ to to rH rH " 3 a M fci S ti IS ~ ra" rH ShM ►S o - ■Z 7} O 02 t> CUi t» -h £ B c-h B c a h b g _ d > .5 M [** &• .2 _ ° ""» cT'3 - 5 ft = ft * § S g -9 -o fe S & a & ra o ^j V ^ U § £p £ Big ro C ° tr *2 W r2 M it: ,02.5 b C *j O c ri bpr W 3 . . . a; » 0, > fjtO -a" a I s 1 1? SWarJto m c = « i o gX 03 .aJoQ rw'cd ^ _- - c D ; « aj w ro ^ .B .2 -C £j O u O E u Q^ £Ch Ph ,r ^ Q .O^Q Q 5? .— *U r - " holf ^ «3 of*: i ta O bo O ^2 r4-"j 73 * § r^GOft " _ CO « s . r^COH O C u o « ~- g « £^^«-|«^ CO 00 CO TO ^1 QJ ° co r* r— ( ■•1»2 , S 03 -£12 „- - S l S ° m ro ^ o 480 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau —< Pm Ph O O Sh RJ rt m . to r3 . 1— 1 t-H . i— i W i—i J= •-* d " HH KH © ^™ —H rt • d ^^ ^^ "* " ^H 1-1 r-*= - > -~ .£ m - J2 tew s - „r - s = ^S O ^ O • O o ° c s -- § o -£ ^Ss» ^ = ^ o « o^-S rt i? ~ 2 S 3 1 * >- m d 3 B- ° OOcSi^m fc, 3 C i2 !° IS t" - *" i ^ «h t H £ Oh >n ►? a- «S O J CQCuDS^Ca faeifa Sl»SO ^O^coO CO w K o D > to .>o5 > of £ . sflfjf , . ^ai - > c - . g r?§ 2% |a| EJ-S si §i 2 g § S-gJ s.1 ?3| g;s j 1 d w W 02 i— ( 1 a |°.\i t In a; ■£> K> e >o Z c2 a-.r ^ a, •> S > | o" fidi*fe A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 481 at 5 .-i t— o 1 O 1 o o o o Hi Hi U5K5 o o U3 a -* a «q m o O C» CI ■>* ao -* CM CO « (7J 00 o r. n - n O M3 -* -5" ?0 ■*QOOh--i C"5 t- CJ 00 CJ ea o o a Ti co ro C3 c* -*CT CT CO fihoci CN 3! C) CM — l o 1 ci -tf ci i c* O C-5 i— l GO rt _ _ ,-, m i-t m s •<* — ■ S.2 ^< o O - ■ -D • .' -r. n — •- " - c « ~ — 2 = g ~ - k. v- rt cj u _r S •■ ;*£ o-^a 3 > o o - O ~ S a. o c 3 c - J J -S > "J 5 •J H 33 S3 3 ilBlI r. 3 t. u e J^ £ => o o C-23ZO _02 oq a5 » • > 3 . . - ^ - fcfl w M I ° s ■ = § s s ~ i* = O g o ? .= ~ c- 3 - "O | si OQ!S^-JtgZ>«ig 00 93 PL| fc. * 7. 0) O a /. o 3 to to X — o O O O O O «2 «0 rA r£ M > i S" B -0Q £ S" "3 £ = -O 2 ■S S £,§ g J C02-S JO i» 3 > oq -o - S Q - -4 Sf- . c S^> p .2 c w ' c - = <% vpU| M s ^ rfl S O n Ji rr "3 ^ IS . -5 2 48* b0 3 33 - - ffl S M ci _ » — *" '** o •« rS . ^ o R» a S . ^= -o --3 482 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -Ej|ao rH CO 1 -# C* 1 CO O 00 UO t-l 00 I to s 1 ruiaS 1 O UO OOOO O O in 10 in 10 irj 10 § 1 CO •sja uoissiui -UIOQ CO CM 00 1-H 00 CM co ^ »o ^ CO •UJ9g •uoivbo •UOIJ -Bonpa t~ •suois cm co UO — r~ t— CM CM -^ uo uo CO CM •suois •mo(x to co 1 cm I co UO CM i-H t^ €& CO CM CM •dug sjinyuj CO rl cm Tf CM 1— 1 1- w O 1— 1 fen O H O ■8 m d •H «5 .s ,/■ a, - ns ps hh i-i " a B > -3 * s p Q.CL « 7: i> ^3 w^«gi-P„ ^OO ^^^ t« Kj O »> m B O « 3 jj •■ CUCQPi H tO >JO^WS O fe Q < h4 «j ■a « f i l>i ta 3, O C-i £ S P P a30tfi>J0tBffli-l H!«fMQW- co Q -B ■£ -3 3 ! ai^^ ^S tlO £ ° BD" ~ B e -c , oS od a3 • O* d: .as«?§2^ * «*- oi3 ».t* ^ t> > . —• Jr •- > Bn»r-^S5 O ^ m . ^ . p A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 433 CO O 'O CO Ci C! co © CO IS O 00 CI CO CI «3 CT CO OS CO CO LliOTf 00 CI rt c; i-o t~ © © © t- © — < — CO — lO CI CI p-< CI CI CI CI CO 00 o cooj-*r~!T5 oo k o o a w li o co r-i t^ re « a ci — i ci "* co ~ o> ci in c> i-h oo io o ^ ci ^" t-- ci C* CO CO CO 00 -H C5 O -;,. z - o -£ x & = ." .2 S-c * 2 OQ H O C c/v 3 <== Z3 i-a 0Q « . > - . . ^ > > E r \ ' m * . _r o Jj **" 04 t> c £ — to § S « 2,3 3"S n T/ • a a 3 tn o i- f - 'J j g p x ~ *-r ( — — F — Ji > 01 «j .-a 2 g £"7 ■p h5 e £ § . 3 ism fe C fcO O . 60 Q » 0} " H oT 02 Eg B 1» ^ u • e a X £ I 5 0° - = .S g ° S -3 ** i 484 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau | -Bijao j " S !I\[ I •}U9§ -UI]UOQ •SJ3 UOISSUU -iuo5 •uiag •UOIITJO ■m°d •uop •suois •siJV[ •suots •moQ •dcg siutyuj iO Ci — i tM •dug sil"PV •UIOQ •uio P.I°0 CO -i rl s ~ ? 13 o 03 ts bo n K =: s £ • 2 c -S ■£ .2 > - ^ 5 "^ 5: -a I 5 a is c o -3 ^ *a zl § s = * to.-.- ;-a cd .9 o CM -o —£ -a IB B Q ca > o a vs .5 -^ fcuo O bX) J3.S %* O t- a. cu a. (72 -> Cfi i-s 73 1—1 • u £ a H j2 o a o e o a o 5 d o to = 1^1 cl» J?, to to o _: > o IS £ — CD -* ^ -7? c -a ca OS O W> I > H > s -a'E CO 00 S .a sj bo a s > 3 P ea .5 o- D,a3 CO j* ,S 1 a* 1 ^ o -a « 5 , 2 a J3 '> J 2 I t_ <- r- *-» o --So a .S Psd, . QQ 3 a. S hois 3 " a ° >- u 2 1 SO b.| S §s S a u S » fl b> i£ JS to co O 1 Qj CO CO BsT. £ a S a "a o o «5 I it to ' . ^ cu • CD £*£ to . -aO a; 3 ria S W^ *d A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 485 0* o loo 1 <& 1 |S| 1 1 1 CO CO — < I cm 1 ' Jj 1 CO CO o — H o lO t- tO U0 CO o £<" U0 CO C5 lO ■* lO ^H O 1 — < t- CM CO CI CO J} ~H l-l CO t~ rH ■* lO — I CO CM Ci o o co SO -<3< — i CO CM WrtCO -<* lO U5t'O00"*(DWt-C)OOl^t- CO cm cd — i co ej>oco-'#coc\!CiT-< r-i t-H CO U0 MO M ,-1 C5 cn 1-. co ■* CO „" Q co jj -a" ^ r^; — *~l J" I ISiillfl JB'5 HH S-.*3 in £ so en -O 'C cfi J2 'C *o co it. c ts jo BhOCJPhCO -CO S? so' &4vi £> 4 = - _CD >" £ 5 3 o"c " cr'_3. 3 3 o CO . to co - . CO t. . co jt"3 to ^j O = - - c > 02 CO SO, Coj £> . >J2*» > „ .. • i-Z «j .2 ^ >■ -~ 3 cto^ SmcS „ e > a is « .2 o -S "S 2 ^>~ - ^ L ^T> r. -. C3 S".- -X -^ S .2 2 C3 b .Q O -G g -— v, t-.ba.---C == i. ^ a *- ~ ~ .Ji Irt ^> uT — H ggpL l aia < >HQtt,Oa.o5gCQ^aiS CO "a > CO CO CO tu - ^ -S >£* CU g" 00 - id a 1-1 ^ B ►13 to eu — a CQ a 9« Tf tt> to CO N? CO co' co. J§ « cm g „JL to -a x^.o «- Ei "3 c^ » 2 . a o -° ■S ^^ M *r< S t> J2 486 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau - SI M 1 1 1 1 -UIIU03 O lOl Ui 1 e© 1 " SJ3 iO «S lol c* I 1 MCt- uoissiiu 1 g I -UIO t ") 1 •U19g •UOIJ^O -uqnj •UOIJ -Bonpg 00 r- ° —* 1 <» 1 •suois r~ ■>* r~ -# « P5 C< 1 CI ->hi 00 •suois 1 t~ m t-« U5P) •UIOQ 1 no so •1 •dug SJUBJUJ i-HCiCO "^ ^H CO t— C$ "^ >* C3 00 PS -* t- •dug siinpv " •UIOQ KBU) »fl n«jsf)o ic H •xa uo •11103 »C l-H nMM - cj CJ «5 ^< CJ ro H O l-H Em Em O CO O Ph —3 — id . . a c _;_:!? Sd ,s Sa .^ a • ■ *-< £ c ^o >-* O S £ J2 if ~ ~ s -• =3 2 s S - ~ 'l ~ « s ="~ 1~" a S"^ j s g CQ E p* H p, &h J iaS pt OQ S W £ Jn >S Q £ O ca Oca > QQ W n D H O 5 «3 1 °1 .«S S .5 £ * i-g 5 5 S « > 2 S £ | 3 fc 3ia B * , 3'S«g|si§§.S papo-oCoa-as jacqojgt, £ii,-OPcao2S 5i»2?Q of pe! W H GQ s •2 to . -5 ^pi^^^ficCPi Ph 4) SJ) SB | QQ 60 *^.2 oSPh ^.2 1 ^ J <*-_S t- s oj 1 0^^ «3 c «!« , 1 "H Sr>uT S^SQ^iTod C ^ S „ n 3 * m .xHHrt td« . " u »_gn3« i) C5 .£ 02 CL «s -3 id a -3 ^ k H 01 A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 487 S o -1 CO © ift © CO LO CO CO CO *-i CO >ft 1—1 5 O (S M 31 Tt O © ift ££ Sffl »i - in c « 1 i M C5 rt O 3 eT^< vg jC M > ^£ Q. S _ ! — 53033.:;=- - 1-1 «i cR r g ^ is sT rt * < as a; c ca c >0 C ed .2 ?=. a: go . o -* £ . > co c* 5 ~ ^ ~ .5 c * 2 ? "3 £ ^ C = a £ d ~ j= i^*a "-o o is ok s a o,2 S^H^oaa? < CON ci> 0-co .-co' . k,: fu ja br g > < - -r.2 — £ • -'- g-S ggs S 8.1 Ort-i-Wj-U. K. j^, E*, - ■- 3 O C VJ *=: •£ 2«3 -c"> > 9 ?>!> "S S? o c 3 o <'f.Ot o — O O -3 CO co«5 co S »-' CO i-i co"^ c ^ eto £ 2 & t^.2 *.£ coSh »• Pi ?» O •=' «" "S _£> od 2 o E 488 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau •si W '%uoS -uijuoq •SJ3 uoisstui -UIOQ •uiag •UOUBO •m n d •uoi; •suois I •suois - S !I\I •UJOQ •dcg SJUEJUJ cj co 10 'o •a eg siinpv ■aioo -; » J, •uioo Pd°0 •J90 UO •UIOJ cs => 00 •X3 UO •UIO3 • -a — = OM 1— i o „ -as c C 0) "O .2 3: £ — O cS a s^^ "is O D O . V - O 1-1 I > o g - o 3 >&: -03 03 -S ,- q -3 r/J 02 « b £ . •2«2 3- gjS.S - ~ — : - « ^ ,,. I— ' i "P i-r-r" E 5 OCCfe T of «-?5»05cS l - ,0 0"3s- t .oca'-7lL2CT5 a ; < ft B & s . o =>o 02 P-i s .►J * . 03 . . -■7 _--°:l, PS « o t s • M^fsp SO ^ M «OPi A. D. 1347.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 489 rt n o ■* «3 CO QO rj< 00 CJ C5 *" ' S 1 fl o >-~ m w o €© L.0 — BQ MS Tjl CO 00 00 CO CO o » 1 CO i— CI 00 us CO CN rl BQ CO CJ t~ co — ■ co «s " CO CJ CO ^f a n o ■* oo — — • t- Ui -* t- o t— •-O B0 CJ CO -* -H 00 CT3 n r, « cn o o " n -v — i cj c< tr» 1—1 CJ C5 - ■H ?J -* fH o 8 rf 6 02 << . 6 as • «Ci Bgo 1 g -Jh Q2 .2 iJ h3 0Q 30 ' > IS d c Q-i-3-s H S '■Z o £.^3 -2^o J3 S" « =■ gp &,' DB 02 • .Hrlil o = .Art n-SQ O 3oi, c ^tO 2- 3 ==>' ^3 § ' "S o s ^ ji - : — _* "5 = = £ CB 00 '5 -d c vrst; "Ex | ■S.0BO ■ > o ci > <-. i* -5 s J S*S = - "3 -2 !Z "S -a _c o — — o Vol. XI.— 49 ,02 02 "^*02* If \ _» bo J; 5f2 .02 02 . DO 00 . . - 'J 02 BQ OQCO. 02 >*02 ofe *s 5 1 g»^i BB — S 3 5 ^ a m a - - - > g '_ 02 a . ■^ I s - 8 c ~ _= o o _-~ -• e J5 :»s g 490 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. 'snoau -81 JU •juaS -ui;uoq 1 •sia UOISSIUI -uioo 1 i •UJ3g •uoij-go •UOI) -eonug •8UOIS •8U01S •UIOQ •deg ■drg s?|npv •moo (A so ^--t^-^-c^E-^! ■^ "5 tfy „"i »Jll ffl^ O J) O 1) I) Ocg^'DOrt'i'a* --E" 2 ^ ■" bt> — O =3 r-'Q Z3 = = r> K ° - ^ "5 f .13 B - § « S .-- § .5 > jS > § H > ■> > ° . Z S, >> e «£ %£ S 2 § cs ■- a«^ u i, a *< o >- « S 2"§ n ^^ » « o^ti o * b» -fi cs o ji « e- « a u t< Js d.^- 1 ° » ^ u t. £ a: c — • s» o o !/2 >.' CJ 2 J" ■« 1 | aSoo 3 . j,: 8 w" .>• >■§ odaSO ...":"- .W w M " OS „r M oj2 n 8 R o.jb! > - "• | -o > 8? rS-Ss--§SS c m >• *» &»£• S ' -r § I § ■_? o oo>mC;'St--Hrtrf-2iJ-a JS e a; -a o £•-•> £o n,aih?««fchOO»« Sjj w m£ca£ MINISTERS, &c. *-J "* r/ 7 fg'g So S * <^ « S O c ~ M3 * 5 * SSfe K 73 >* "■< C C O ■=■ M ^ OO J ^ ^ i-ii-i < < Q e OS D « id r/5 a ^ ^ ai ^ | £■00 £ £ * J; OD 1 -S* § S -2 o OJ Us a -^ d. c ^ , S a « § a. K "S S ,-«E- | .E'2 CQ jS- p-n i-n i-3 > ■< 03 A.D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 491 o -* us or- O CO C; t~- d •«* >-< O US UJ CO «* O CI US US i^ r. no li u> (— cs W co J !-■ ustoooi-ius i-ous^usnn C>! — I l-H » i-H <-* '"CCHffl -h CI 'f ^ h- ^ « t» >h(Mh OJ - 2 J3 t o£ E co to d oT o" . • » • . ~- U. (V. O — - Q ^ £ g " Q = a co O^ to j3 5 111 1 . . ha . >, >i c >, ■fcTjS rt o O >; u J = Q 2 J => S .2 > co* u > > - co O — 03 b) _P- CU .2 -35 Pi CO "3 •> ..- i^co >->.S~^ ti ~ > > 2 CO i CO* ?* c -CO Ja CO "^ O .2 : = § S S'.yj 5 i scacH^ceco g _ ^ -oa o c >-• rQ , u g = % £V5 3 & 5 SS5a.02.Sc) « fe A 0130 »P, 5 t« „• K^ CO . ^ O C- » o c V ■— — n QS o o ^ " c -^ ._. ti Qli -a ' o C >,-o o ,cd : >j o s o « -5 _- i. s .- C tn § ■= - Q .2 £ M o co - «5 . * | co co a; Sco'co" m a m bo ri SfS e c s O -^ O J5 -J d > pq t; • -a .2 ofi ►? ^ S H « 492 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snosti 1 1 co 1 ^ll 30 1 1 00 1 - S !W 1 1 "* 1 O 00 'I »o — CO t^ C! •juaS •SJ3 uoissiui -ujoq 1 go cm o irs eujc «n «n o ^ UO XI C CI •mag •|0 3 MX •U0I}BD -nq n d[ rt i© •1101} -Bonpg CO tM lO 1 « 1 — . •suots -siiAI TO 1 O C5 CO — CO <3i> U0 O UO CO co 00 •suois -BJM •IU0Q -H tO i-H 00 CO CO T3< O CO 1-1 •dug si u ly a J o HWnt-o c< — < co i-i -^< us C* no CO O UO CO CO r~ uo c* t~ T? oj. — ■uio p t i°o — I | t-lCO rH "3 CD •133 UO •moQ 05 ^H -* fH CN 00 cj •<* co •X3 UO •uio — H coci c* > >> bo s-» • > . «2 r CQ qj 33 £1* 3 C * -3.-3 » ..S S's^N!- O d £ 3 « * C ~'>.0 Ou^>JT33S=— ^^j-'-gCO 2 c — -22 •a of PS CO ^5'io £ «j ^«j o^ s ^S . .2 . tJ •/) ^-' tX» g « *«. £o ^ _ S^O 3^| || => ISI ^§= CSl ^H < u" .2-5 = hi «S* II .i! s 1^ ~" JZ ~ S 5 'JO ■ - O •- ~ O CTJ >-J f* "i W »-» r* pV r> <-> f?5 .2 03 S . CO r > §3-2' Digs ^i M Mr! «> PS « k, co ^ c V . a> r* - . - P-P3 S HBDJS "a . . rt • • 2 CO X •-» 1-9 CO l-. < A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 493 CM cm cm 00 c< cm CO O CO "i O iO to »• o o o cm © «* IQ 05 CO is- oown o . ^ c o o o O Q (u -a v, c u B S S B *-» U U CD = ■- "So"? hlP ~ e fen c ~ r\ t: fcJO rs <^ -c > -a ^ fet2 5 e-s e .n c -5 -r _c -£ ^ >^ Q3 03 U O Vt/ ., ^ i4j w UJ VJ CO X u o Em 1-1 ^ O^^OJgQ .CO Cm - JO .a > Cm 'n co "3 « -ta - -= fee rt :o ~ co bj(j-- to '* % 2. Cm r/f E 32 > as" • * as .^'r/j . «2 2 -> b . feo . © I 2 S a-r o._- » ^ I «§ M ^ £ S-rf •H 5 J S o 3 2 '"S ^ M «3 i °i _ • > flj to" Cm x *^ o ■So 6 *™ CO . ^C0 J2 - H- CD .Cm CO « . T3 a"^ o o ■=^ |co £co So , w m UM Si co => CO 1 E a J-a" ti a a g 2 J" ^T a » E^ * 2 I § .Q»SD3^ H m ta co w ^ CO |0 ^ ■go CO ^ I ^ & fc>§ = 11* 22°.^. co C •< J5 m -a =0 ^ "u •i ca c o 49* 4fco _-ChCh ^ |f § II jU^ .co £ .rr. t-i . ^^ go' a S Cm c Cm E Ed a fe d OJ CO XS fi a CD a w o o 494 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -U1J3D -sum US Oi -1 O ffl •■}U3§ UIJU03 'SJ3 uoissiiu UJOQ 10 ifl o n ao io oo o w a ■mag 'I 03 HJ. •uoiibo •uop uonpg •suois - S !IVI •joj c-cn « > ^ ~ - — - ^ . S w - bo, c 2 s c.s a O » o c — o T? S -si (5 1« S- —. - -„ ill; tex. /S .3 rS4M .' • . • • • >^ - ►>>>>>> ^- >> ^ ^ SS ? 2 o 3 ?5 = £ 2" » !S"° > br c .- a m G"Z — oT J— ex ° ' Ph -" 5 a ^ai «3 s Q — > P-Ph'P^ -a '-^ >— ' £ — - > O — .•= n= g o ^ j ta § > "> a > « .* > % £ > > > ^ £ - o & .. > J ^ >>:r O c = b£ -•U5* »J § = 1st CI Clear Harm Mouri Georg Owen Napol Lecsb 3 D .J - O y -2 >- - - ^ ~ - u i- i. w & &, 2> • b* h'r^ 1 . g at . „.- s .= 2 -^ 73 P* ig o s > JB .r •- - ho > o ^Sj.2 .5 | S pq (L> 6 I . 2 rffe 5 ^ t: s 2 M S <- S o P. Riddle, m. M. Scot . B. Price, S. Braddoc ►4 > ^»-i «5 P-d" - o 05 ^^2* B S 8 1 02 »-. y g'*fe c »% h3 un Od- • 3 S 5 «c P5-S ja R • = ? « P^-s i-ii-sPi -7J A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 495 to c* rr i-t ci ci :i n ci n ci 00 © 1.-S O PS PS PS t— t~ PS >— 1 C? PS co r- to to 5^ 2 h ci o 00 t- — i-> PS L'S CI • oo c* ps ** tO CO CO rt CO CJ CI PS CI ci —i ^ CI ^^ X) PS CI — < — i 00 tt 1 O-HUJ sc p; ~ OS PS to PS us — CI P5 CI US to MS CI OS ■<* ci p; ps — to t— — i ^ - CI CI CI CI Tj< lO ■"^ -* o T? t- PS PS 3 —i Ci >> . ^* >» ~ tt >£4 « -3 - - a c 1 '5 S 2 3 > e z< O CO o -o 3 3 - _£ © 3 - op to" ^ w oi » «S > -S ' > O . 3 co co . l-l k * ./ CO* 02 ; v- 5 8-3"5 «,? 1W 3 «> cr— i C 3 jQ ^ h o >-.;- o ; !5 g'-g & g S.e 3 O U ^-_ — r ^ ^ -- ^ ._ — — — _ *J -: -^ g <: ^ c; cj> o z g - - x y. a z 7/i . CO d .-* . > ? 5 32 2 "'„ J ' - — £ > M O • = =.©~.3 3= = — _..-;; •_ '-r §F s = _© s '— x "2 = >, 3 a. «< fljj - 5 DB ' Br 8 1 ° 7Z S ~\ X ^ r*. /. C w< O -o -3 ..32 -5 << 5 5.^5 .3g.Ss g 32 CO . ps c C5 .CO 72 CO | i | s 32 - . -! a 32 ^32" c = o 2 32 3 . 2 co a o*"— d !U^ 2 >-■ 2 Li Georire H. Malt Charles 09 to Wm. G. Samuel B. D. T 32 £ 496 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -B[[3D 1 W 1 — '%uaS •SJ3 uoisstui -UJ03 COMifl 00 CO •mag •UOt|T>D •uotj •Bonpg (7* •saois •joj O 1 •suois 1 •UIOQ 1 »| 1 •d E g SJUBJUJ " - t?l si[npv CO CO •IUOQ QO 00 OO (O 00 t- O »r«0 CTi.~5 CO CJlOiflTtTfi t^o to cooor- oj^i co "»t)^ i n^ CM — ' — < to r- ■moo P.I°0 •J30 UO •UIOQ o» ">* •X3 UO •11103 X£> ID co W 1—1 Em O co O =5 . cj £ .&<*«,, sin* ?*£* - 5 jajDJEfciMu^oS 33 CO a oi S O tf • • - <« -CO „r > 03 ' £ _o oj ca c S — Sort ^^3>, = -D5a-;c = — 1 Sz; i-H M P5 < 3 C3 1-1 > pq O O S5 >< 00 kPh_ jj CO oj CO 2 jjSj .oi J: ^ » -5 o^-^ ■'- , — •» 43isil-SBS*i«|-s1 1 A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 497 ■v cjo •<*• n ra oo o 'j n ^ e> at "t a o •«# id o « c o 3 I e» c* o ~ -* »-~ crj l»o qo ■>* :t a •* o u; o n * cs c* ct n co CJ C3 t- i— «-l— I « CO CM *-< CO ^ CJ -* (N — < i-i Oi -^< so 00 CM Ct CI CM CO —i cm -< "V coo cnrt «o co — qi > _ O '5 « S 3 -2 = 3 ■ •".„ 2 — = 2 J t-i i-: — w ->J5 ,"o> . ** to H - B .00 d > > B> > (3 ca §2 - 5 '.5 -Co ^ = 5 c «5 3 = is J » J > > = f > o- c'S. =* 2 ,S = .- 'B a 'H <■? ° b» a b» fcn _ bt g > ,8*1 x c -a c"-3 32 r - — r ~. '< £^ — ~ .. -d s — i. s 5 o he S - v£ -3 .2 5 5 — .3 * "5 '= 5 £ "5 .8 3 = 3 -? ft t- X 7- CO* BQ j= fcJC >-. 3 r?0 £ ,mM ^ 3" C-£, CM • CO* Qj 0- fcx; . . _-.= > o d 3 * O •3x "Hies 3 .O ^ 01 oOoa 8 cl ^ § 5 £ S & =-.3 £ ft- g cu oft* . cf ft-cC :-'^ if-Sa B« Is ° >>-i Eh s a 3 3 o -^O 499 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau ■o moo CJ lO Ifi O — O l-l Cl CO — 1 ■vwn Cl KO co n< -eonpg •snots Cl ,_, cj ci uo Cl in -» t— « -siftf — > Cl 1-1 " H ' OHH 00 CO — ( r-l Cl •J°I •suots t-O uO t- Si Cl tDOfl 00 3i C5 00 Cl C3 to — 1 -sjivr — < ci CO Cl Cl 10 CO to ^ Cl — ' •mod •dug -h t- co 00 to •0 co n< as UO -h -h Cl « CO no SlUBJUJ •drg Cl <-■ r-l 00 Cl co sitnpv •moo O rj< O t- O O CJ 10 O O iO fl - -1 OO— 1OLOO--UO »CiO t- co Cl t- uo ^ "* wlfilflTtO H 00 no-^ojcocicnco coco " 10 Ji •moo -1 l-H t^. — 1 CO -- ■* ci co ** p.i°o •J33 U0 I-i( Cl Cl Cl (7* CO CO co co i-h "0 •uioj •X3 U0 O Cl Cl l-H -t CO co ■-I Cl Cl — 1 ■0 "-H CO •11103 w > > - » §0 ci > . »> - rd • > O > «5 > > . > > 2 3 3 - CD O "3 to > B Ga. own, Va dstown, twk Sp'g t Hill, V burg, Va ti > O > - Oj OS - C -" t; - -e en - m a 2 •■« O » "3 O Ph c O C2 a oq 3 a, r. oq 'S ^1 BE ri 3 •3 Darien Charle Shephe Tomal Prospe Martii 5 "0 "S Si I eu *> w w 32 O D 3 O O O Fort Pleasant, P. Roinney, P. Springfield, P. u to u 1 a3 "0 0) pq c 3 S Winclicster, (P. cle Falling Water, P. (icrardstovvn, P. Ah b£ • b Oh 3 « l-s 3 S >* "0 2 a 7z~ > . pi c ^ £3 P-" ^ ^■Pm" _ B Q2-' ^ S . 2 ^ - >-. " -— 3 g jjj .15 a. 5 '> "S & jb E Jg -2 S ^ i-2 O ;/:■ OJ 03 J «s Harper's Ferry, P. Yellow Chapel, P. North River, V. Back Creek, P. d O Atkinson, D. D., Presb. Bd. of Ed. Wilson, P. h Ph' ? .*! a!* 8 ! 0.7 4 H 00 s "fc. 3: .2 = 5Q "0 - pa" op* St"S „ r3 !3 ■C Ph c O 3' "0 - C § g « § 0-0 (Infirm he B. DuUon, F I. Atkinson, . Jennings, Christian, D Love, P. Iton Henry, cy, P. elect. cntiates — 2. Harriss, izi ££ 33 00 - caps g *: r ** BQ J. s ■ s«3s § - E E S b u E g £<% I* c s s b > a ah a js - -C n ££ £ H o« i-a H >-. pa —> A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 499 _ a CM CTi ■** o o CM 00 CO co to co o 1— I CM 05 CM €© O «5 CM r— <*> Oi BOO O o CJ iO uo so o •o CO cm — Ci 6© o ^H CO O o cm CO o t"- 3 U0 "* CM CO eo co •^ C* c< ■* CM CO co <& -H o os — «o WO 00 CM CO o o «a t- CM CM m cm o CJ CO "0" €© CO o »o tO CM 00 3 to CM CO —1 r- t-CM CJ ■* to •* co «o eo «o 1— 1 CM *"* o i— t— r: t- 00 3 00 CM w CM ** CM — i ■—I wl t- I— CO co CO — CM "-O O lO -H •fll LI tO Ifl ffl 3 CO CM o •>* co •>* t- CO oo cm co CO to — i tr- U0 CM ■*■ — ' >> ._;.= > j° 1 3 a a i:^; 1 J5 fe s Jo ■C -c o c _3 u H ~ e> bo' 3 "™ cd c 3 >> u J3 3 O , ►JO, QhJ Cgi w o £ -° "3 £ 0- 3 -* »- oi 3 -o O 3 * E i 5.= ^ ►.8 > d ~° .- y J u _3 a V " 5 c S, Q "Z > fa fa fci 3 ij T3 ,5 o ^ > c o _ra t- o « 13 ^ _ 13 g B W S "5) * "E .5 C-L3> 3 * - I. > bX) - ^ >' ^ 3 t- J- CJ 3 _ 3* c -a -a o c ;5 o =- £'lfa - m 3 fa co 2 fa as ^ ° gcS- — rt o J3 c c o r/7 71 o ^"fa fa r/i fi . V a: 3 •0 ■a > 3 fa" fa ^^ O O >1 bcq E £ £ j fa o oca 9 d fe B ■it £ -.HO = 3 g s g 53 a o"o 3 DO -§ DQ -S § P M & . g .o" ce . «- 3' fa JO O = £ bJ hJ 8 «- 1 § -- ■S R a r K -3Ko,_ < H"q^ 233 ^§ fa rt ' S Q qj tc ; 3 - bjo = ; w | a - ' • 2 ^ g > Q !3° ° 1 »" 1 ; X 'fa' fa fa .J5~fa "03 3 "3 - S -V- J3 3 o oj fa o m O 2 • _*J 33 o'^' ro Q 1-5 03 ^ 03 03 03 "y "2 1 o n ■ O ^ fc 3 00 ||1 2^ fa oi 02 'S £^ £ ig s _ c a. g b'S s n. b s o g S 3-= 3 -S O fa W 3 _• • 03^ EM fa o^ fa p' 500 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau • S !K UIJUOQ o 3 o o 00 CO •saa uoissiui •woo ci eo 1 I •U13g •i oaf ix •UOIJEO •UOI) •SUOIS JiOJ_ •SUOIS -si iv •tUOQ •deg SJUBJUJ •dug UIOQ •»°x £ Cx-o > d III ft" ^ 5 — "eL,- rf -2 _.cK a 2 o~ c >. GO < £*i S ■" "° '> 5 S *& ~ 5 = C- l5«8 S £T.V. Bf) 5 C Sea 7. < US* I— | > 5 ;= 02 ■Sod , 0} T3 ■ — 00J.S _ Z S «= sa as > — = 13 * •= «:> > > 5 •» . « B "3 * 2? 3 o = . jft *3 a o 'So 8 £ 3 1 ^ ~! K yj &, S "3 G fZ V 32 >>' 5 Fg bo a n — * a; ^. £ .3 QQ X ■£■ o Uh • O . Kr; frw-iifc-C!^ q . •J - a ? O -- >v — • 15 -/ ~ ~ .5 > &» •yj ^ > £ £ Q to bo SB. g"* B* o (_) 4J e . > cl- ^^-^ C 71 c : £ « o t 00 ^ w '^ ^ ► - - ^ • - s " -^ ^J •— *^ *-»— * o 1 ^ CL S Z 1 o u >-. -k ^" 05 — ifi _5 -3 s • o ^ or-- ;; A.D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 501 oo Hn o CM 35 0 «0 U0 ifj O O r^ o o U0 uo f- CM 00 (M -H ^ O K0 -H CM CO uo'o-'tfoouoooooco •— ( r-H i— ( r-H i— 1 CO 00 CO CO o r-H ee »co U0 O O no CM O l- O -"tf 00 r-H r-l CO OS CO CO r-c r-H uo 00 CO — 1 r— . en C5 *# CO U0 -a , c jM O c2 S ; o.2 1) --a -a 3 ,2 s o o - ■ ■£ c 5 M <" - "2— co 3 ,rj ? -" ft g 2ft oT> ci . • . o .- ci »> ji ^ •^•■5 k„ ^ co £ fS . -- co _ ca ca c— co ^ ?.S 8 IB 3*8 3^ £■§<§'! * >> -s e- * . o chqQs, :£tf |25 co o cl < rco w aJnc cc oo M a; o o ^j .a, . ^ £"•»« > CS ao r " o.0H--FhW co "^j s .5 S cS rf = pa.2 ri -Q X &: .S 3 -= -a .2 v _s 2 - co o .S 3 "- ^ JH o«cr o k _. ? Ob 03 b - r-T O Sis ■« M~ **. .S o" Oh CO 1/2 CO H Pi o" . SO < > l -■ CJ -^ O s 2 ^ ^ § *• - rh TofttJ S 5^ ft S D'7 a. >-,.- _ 3 .c c= o O -O O 3 "5] d EQ ■ tt-r. '>•? Vol. XL— 50 S 3.a»ss a n; m rfi s > -S cu >> 4£ "3 S o i^rX! »-"— CO C_) £ S ™ S S ft CO — CO = 1 2 o CO ^' :p^QS MB Ph CO ^ 1°' P" . &5 ! °rz; .CjCj 502 STATISTICAL TABLES. [AppendiXf •snoau 1 1 1 co o o o o CO to o o Tf Ci o 00 •}U3§ •S13 UOTSSIU1 -moo o o o o o O (7< o o o o o o O CO o o o i cm «o co >o o (M CJ 00 CM o ICl CO CM Hf ('in •suois • S !I\! iH 00 UO CM — CO o UO C"i O =1 CM O CM CM ^h r- uo oo «o as CM —i •suois - S !IAT •uioq o 00 uo co iococ;c"jt-»coco CO 00 CO •dtjg sjurjuj T (7J a CM OJ >* r-l -i^f^^' CO •dug s;jnpy —i 00 <-H fi C< ^ — < CM CO — 1 -« •uio ^- K QJ O 2 c -a .S ■g 8 *"S O t- CJ * d 1 R . - 2 ^ 3 fa OS a5 fa K O fa P S3 a > ^ c ->aj .^'n.^ g 72 :£Oa2fama}«* P oi ° 2" 1 Q « fa s as S £ o* a aj .» s ^Qfa _- „Q o _- ~ ^^ Cu o . c ,g Q _ £ i| fa "2 a 5 = — rt fa — i ■- .j fc !s£Si?fa h £ < d fa d d aj > - -^ c fa . v: • oj a" u "*■ /^ -fa ^ -fa .O i- * 3 fa ^; ^ b^-^ = £ ^ § * ct C? — 00 — i CI — l 00 o CJ t— oo co c? ~ — 1— —1 IN ~ " iO ?! C T fl 00 n -i _ (jj vl< IN — i >— < CJ CJ T) — — O (N o to o OI-OD CJ ■>* CJ CJ CO * CO ■^ o 2 o ^ is M fe ™ G£ ( fc sf_r od ££ o- = £ o U br-g i« — ZZ > • 2 S 3*4 id -C S~3 : = g- o • = .2 o o - c- cq So ■c ~ e > o w E-G Ph Cm X* DQ OB «5 05 t3 - £ a5 feos o'^^^d-^^ fa J Q 0- — «S o 02 C5 B 2 £ °- rS -3 £ n C. te - DO o o -• o -5 — ^1 = §:I^ = J u o y q u a. >i B^ ^ O S5 £|--«1 I ! • evS2 H 2 ; r> 5 T - P » c s : J2 Jr « ^ S 3 "2 : O bo > c^ = -3 "a » g .0 go = A' § A o ^ . . . <— • •— a S &C i-s 0Q do'pm °°^ • rf .DQ Ch - C ►•-< o c ^ .2 o 5 o s H •^ -* ~x Q tc •< ec j = — ^ K 02 02 CS ft^^ -£ a _- «- < fa -g o 2 Co 504 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoou -Sljtf w cn o o o o cm ft) if* m a CO CO o o o o ooooooo O to WO Ui »0 »-0 "0 UO «0 UO l-O •SJ3 UOISSIU1 ■IUOJ co t* cj uo i— ^ c~ co Hh n -J U)00 o •-i CJ OJ CM •dcg sijnpy CO UO UO — 1 UO O ■11103 t- O OO OO — i CO I- O tH t~ co o o o o o CD "<* CO CO tO f} 00 ■— ' 30 t- C3 ^? — • VO >-i "* O O rt -* CO CN CN — i CN C5 •11103 cnoo -h« o r~ •<* o -* i— uo U0 •J90 UO •uioo co t-i^ ■<* co eo co t- 05 X3 UO •11103 -h cj co co co co o cm co uo r* -^ ^h c* -* co CO CI o i— t fa fa O 02 O fa c r9 - -2: . b ^ h^ • ^ z •?»• * £ ° i 8 - § -s « * * g ** g 1 l« =■= g gi | 1 -sfs 02 o p o S © o 52 a> ra cT m h. 1} .33 2 .■■* 3 * w - > 2 | fa £ -g> K °°" -, S &: •-"?=". -*S BCD n' E* £ -.-o .02= . .=» ,H cs -x 02 ^ = 02 ./ -5 "H CO li* i 1 |l ill 1 1 .f I 8 ? s |*ij aj| 1 £3*. 2 g §l» gK S |Q S C O §= ^ -g B O 00 § MINISTERS, &c. O CD b * rr, ■ ^5 ° w ^ jJ °. ^^ $** ^ • c sd n § z u; S « fa w ^ S 5 < ah § | i^nj 02 >-i^ *itf S3 H-i ^ «-i dei hoi A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 505 cm « CD CM 00 •o co CO 00 I— 1 o — < o CM CO CI CO CO 1— 1 O CO c- CO t~ oo -03 u-s a CSJ3 »> s oj "3 s iS <^ ^<;b ws <^a fe^s § £ = =2 Som< «a B3 •— > c , Ufa •snoau -BJ[9D -sijvi ! <* CO 00 00 •juaS -UIJUOQ a <* •SJ3 uoissitu -uioo CI C* 00 •uiag •l 03l LL •uopno -nqnj r 1 •uop -Bonpg © o o •suois •<* no o CO •suois -siM •moQ w to r» CO to to •dcg S1UCJUJ »o CO to c* co r-H 00 CO •dug s»I n PV (M O i—l •^ •UIOQ qo OS o to 00 ifl 'J3 to W O M V) ONlOHlO^t'i to CO O — . -^< — i c^ •UKK) at i—i CO •J30 UO •IUOQ co CO CO >:■> uo •moo CN ID CO -*f ■>* oo t- : E -1 ° « a 3 «,- -a Shj?w ci-ja B 4> e B £-• Cv &"• ."B - " . M .2 ° B ^ S e « s ;* g „ £^-£^ Eg » S2 £ S a. § S^^ 3 ^ ■ .2 = c J O c^OO B I ^> > g~ a. o o o ea . " . Q. " ■5 SfOO 03 g ° 3 - >>"a ■ 3 » g £ o cd ° >- w ^_: g hh w tt! Qm tf Z bt^H Ob: o< 4 (-4 1=5 03 W 05 03 e- ™ c - V — aj 2^ 5 f j) Plol I I S .— -3 g s.-i- ^ a bo B B E cS t- V S Q 5 -a .111 -,~ — r5 Q E *— ' ^ § . 5 03 73" <^ O o K > 15 go CL a CJ . . ? E - ^>s £ 3 ■- — ' A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 507 O O W K) O ifl iC -H (O " CO CI CO i—i t~ X a O t- «« o oo I- TJ< CO m co to to -^i lO f. co CI ITS CO CO — 00 t— c- CO 00 CO noco-^OC-J — U0CO CO ** CO CO CI CO o Oi «Q 00 i— 1 ■*3" LO iH CO rf o — CO o c* f-i a o C! ■** CO c« i-H «~- - -5 . ° "3 ._ | », ■> g s -^ o — ii 5 2 ^ a :» o u — _S o S be k o 2 _a. o a s pa x OlB-S i-£oo,roos S — o» U > o 3 o > Ph -' - > — > > _^ ~ ■~ ^ c Z go — •. - - - e s -z '/. ~ ~ § § GO U .= — X _' _ fa o - bo 2 . Penland, ia Harriso Hodgmai "o 8 a o O o 3 <-.< m C^ i-a CO , oo 00 IT? § I 5^43 = 3 •2j£ >» = -§ «: e^ .i ~ h! 2 a ^ § s s r ° £ E S — e rt < •-» "-» ; »fa w . u- S - ! fiB .fi ^.SH.- {fori ; _r W — PQ -h ^- >>^< . -a : ^2 r - 2> • --B^ fe >.S i .5 ■ .^"^g^uM P*l-0«>-i>-3>-Sl-oO-J'-5 ^^ 508 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -B[[93 6» o <5& t- ■«* o to C* OI C* -uijuog 1 O 1* o ooo oooo o o Ui uo uo U0 uo uo uo uo O uo •Si3 uoissiiu -11103 o I s CO CO UO CO CI 00 C100O CI UO UO UJ C* WU>- ( •UI9g •UOIJRD 03 c* •uoij -uonpg CJ CO CO CO UO C» © OO OU0U0O —i p-h -H C1C0 Mt^QOW 00 -* •suois ■ a \w •joj cj o > £ i § si g* .s» 0- ►? r/; 03 C 5; O Oi w H S O P B O . - m ^ M - .2 ^ § >• *.*£* ■<£<* ". "ialS B>.i^ > §i u B '> =1 g.S g.3.2 § ^ M B 5 O E^S-5r3 m 7 "a -3 (S o Q> j "IS 02 f . fed 5 "8 . • « P- 1 a • - £ -Oh S > & ,») p Q c - "3 0- — « M ... .gP" o ^ -a ." .= o >- T-r 3 i-H°-c- = c "^ *5 s «§ | l^^iis* §1 ^ A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 509 o => »o US o o o <5& o o o US US US o K3 00 00 CM T* €© otou; CO us us to o "Ot^CMCOOOOCOOO us o co ff* to 00 -* »H CM K0 co us US en 00 r* co o to • to -h US CO to o c^ to to t~ co cm cm co CO CO IflOH «0 CM o wo id CO O its t- c- CM C* t- o CO U0 o CM fit cm i-t ^ 00 co CM CO CM >0 CO tO OtD- CO O "^ cnt-ooo(M nncfflO CO us US CO — £- => CO CO CM O us US © CM t- o o 5 •^ CO ^ - co U0 -H o cm ■* ■>* CM Hll 00 CM o CM CO * Q b .. o - H 5 HS h -a X o o A So." > rt — K taOV £ -° J£ ; r" t_ s-i o o o £ c -1 is c a c w§6 § «MM 5^ O .O .02 g 00 CO CU =03 I ■ a *,A B r-" S^f^ .5 — fe S O i-> rt if e .S> o> s .2 «6 B «5> ™ 5 b" £ « . N O ^ S ~v a a •- s J= a rt cs « 2 is oTO .05 a = ^T3: •> I S a H § £ =* 15 ^> ^ i!:ort.soai;o O E S os o < n si Cm ■S -a s. a ■- J= •« to r^ cs ,5 -~ 3- a E-" 73 -I d s "-5 Sfc w ^"3 . r J* X J3 .0 <=^ .K>< ^ oi<< 00 WW 1 "S °. ™ Q JS — so 510 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoou -B[|30 " S !K •juaS -uijuoj •SJ3 CO O} CO CO O l.O — i "S'O'^ojco-^'coioiOTjf-^iytcj'OroroT)' ?j co -m — -^< uotssuu — H 1-1 rt l-l (M « -H rt — < rtrtCT — i —i -uioo •UI3g •[° 3 MX "UOIIBO ■uqnj •uoij «JI CO (TJ — UO - S !M ■^ ^ M •JOj •suois o* ■^o>flt-oo«n!ojicoa3C)-HiO(»CTti^tooo -siw a t- CO — ( t-- 1— 1 CO f- i-H CO -H T!-l^CP •raoQ •dcg <-< "* (7* CO CO -H -? — 1 -tf !M •<* CO - 1 CO S^UBJUJ •dug rt a - 1 00 w* sunpv •UIOQ CO t- rO T* •* —4 CO —i CO — i uo 00 CO C* iO — T5< lO -icot^ no-* C* CO t- CO COt^t^-i •O CN ICCOCOCO— lOOClCOCOCOTf— ICSJCJ 3! «« "VU ""* *"! PH ^H , " H ~* •UIOQ P.I°0 •J3D UO i—l CO ^ OJ •UIOQ •X3 UO -H Ci co ■* >— 1 WJ ~4 o ^ CM "* •UIOQ o o CO O to a o 3 rd d C O o a o i— ( o CO O d d co* '> to S o ~ co — > C o CJ - 5S CO* d . > a) xi -o < d . 3 •-■ • — > *- —1 o «3 o" '> m o x> 3 o o * to o 2 ►» g s » S5 d CO "> CO d Jri" — ^ ■> 5 -a j 9 £ o" 73 en 3 CO . O j£ ►H S3 O o "o — c * ■Si 5 3 o o - .j o ffl fcD •- o u ■go UO „- a.O . «, » C . . c c g =° 2 o 3 "3 3 s = -Q o d o 3 ^ o a QD-g as" a - , 3 ^a. „ c 1 § ^ c fcc 1 8.5 8 §3 1 — 5 g o n Z a ^2 i ■- cj _a 73 U O r J . 03 .CO ^ CO Ph CO 1 *3 03 co - g a* o ^ sC 0) -a Pm CO CO so co a m CO i—i -a o C '3 "3 E*SC to" « bD > a ^r E-i-2 'O r - o §.2 X'2 P3 u a! °" CO — a 1 - n- i a "J o CO CO CO _• 1 2 ■. 0^3 V ^ •« — d -a .^ S.2 &1 o P O to I—. CJ s a s id IS 3 2 id s o S u3d i w J o >-5 T3 3 'J HH,OcO Q^ > a H N W o O . O 1-5 CO •-» A.D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 511 o o o o CO rH 010*0000001000 O lO iO CM CO «o co -* -** io O —I 00 lO t^ Oi SS O OM i-h CO »0 CJ iO i-l CO CO CO o »o l-H o — oiHOOx-ooni-ooiooDO) "«H(MC«M l-H CO — > -H -H CO ID •*• CO C? o CM io >o io c >o i-l i-l CO — i CO o en >o oo «o GO €© IO O «3 O -* co o 00 to -3* ff) MtSt- 00 "# CD CO i-h CM 00 CM IO r-H •o CM t~ -3< CM -H rt CD "<* H« i-h th r- r— CM CM o CM ooe^coooocMCM-HGooot— crs TH — 1 l-H —C CO csn-oooto IO — i CO CO TT --* t~ «) coo CM CO to CO to CM t* in l-H C3 CD 00 CO ■<* 00 0D "J -h ffl •* <-< cm m «o o 1^ to »o 'J 02 5Uh "i> 02 ^3 O DO o 05 e = o " . - B J5 ucg E* p o o OQ-S -3 B ft. J ■s - ►tC =- S - s .!; .2 *= " = S"2 a.- '5 § p -c ,° -o .o o - pgg» : i _r; J3 O O 1 o > a >h p 02 GO o O 02 • §<»a5 .flu-* rf« .6 ■» ri *>" 2 ""a." *" > -*' «• * «r .*> • O S - £ ° _r 0H_a<«_Ha'-*C ) — - fe 0i = ~ jDls g_5 l^^.s s-of g g | •3 G — Si « .S H m ~0 *3 s C — ~- o P 02 02 ; 02 02 rt C c 3 c -O :S2 c q P = o • — ^ oT x :o&t" ,p^.a.P c "3 Mi ■2>Dh" fS" 5 '- ■ ca .- =02 5 2 &»' x ^ . > >> c£ P3Hh s i H>^> 02 -3*~ ^ -— p « '- J^ 3 . in o«-g .•MO ^O O -c '? c: fa "to 512 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -BJJ3D - S !I\I I "luaS -UIJUOJ I I ■sua uotssiui •ujoo o^ooooooooo r-o — > G) •— C* — iQi^ C* .-h ^ 2 «» •wag •[° 3, IX 30 O — 1 •0 •uoubo •uoi; -conpg t- 00 «l *- tC i«5 OO CO 'SUDIS -«I\I O ^" Si O -* UO — 1 -j« 1.-J f- C- (M !° iB5 1 » g'S - 2 " S QP B So S o- ■ g ff » ==ds ■=; > ~ 2 O = 2 c ®*fi gaol c ~.r:- -33 5 TJ - .2 !S M dc i» ^ rt O.OQ ^ n « e^w^ S O O « ^ .s = 3-3- SS§-s»g-gSa e"S«5^*S 5« i eT b-1 -l-s S?SwoKcnoBati?««CSiJ3sG.««!SOiJ» ess? MINISTERS, &c. • °^ c_ 1 . . • *■ . ^ °- - ^ - oH^ 5 / ^ < ^ q* ^ ^ ^ q < g -j ^ 3 ^ -j ^ 2 h» ^ s £ £ "S « c r ^ 1552 t— c? Vi "" o 'J m oo o d — 35: 2 "<= £ « 8 5 c = _5 cs o o -s O CO "3« t- en <» c* o o o ,_, co CO in o «* fe of c at- 1 -= sSf ►>§ -— ~ a ^ < g«? 3 .0 £ ,2 o t5 jg 5 &o " e £ "3 ^ 1~ s ~ Sit ^ ^ -O °« — U Q O rt ,£ G O rt t» cb - S 2 C.J2 s O g- . «a «g "a -o o cd O- O- ■ j£ x> c ^■eC-.C9BanH — ^^= o jz M DG h§ hj £ -,• Vol. XI.— 51 — — Hfll-J o ^s- ^ cs £0 K Si s £ - - S . S, - a a < ^ Q a Q ^ I -a - o 5 o o « o — — ~ ^ ' < z aj ci fe hoO! --C 2 ; teai C 5 | = da 514 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. -am -uijuoq SJ3 uoissria •mop •UI9g UOIJCD 1WM UOI} •suots ■JO J •suots ■d»a •fog stripy ■woj •moo ?A°0 o o '-o c* -* -H >o ec ?o it} cr* o» •J30 UO •11103 -« m — ■n z -, ©SO a x. k <-3< Ocj i ^ --scoria .> rt e *2 S-S V c c u S g J< a cs £ Oi £ « ;g Q fr. M Hi ■^ -c cc ^) CO O J" - go co* .02 co a: CO CO a, _ §1 _ § =11 orr,^ . ^ CC » a ,- » c - 3 e»§.S 5 3 |^.S"S &*2 .e « -c l| 3 Wl o r 1 o o t. c. -•zS- 3 _= c; ^ C =j -c r; sm o « &*0 ^ o X u o - So si £,&>§.- 5 .2 a c >> £ .< c a j< A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 515 »-l i— i o 1 © o U3 us O •5?" © o o IT* C5 o oo * — H US CJ — -g« t« to co CO C5 US -* CD 3-> t— I— CO o •** l-( co »-H US ■* ^^ i—* •1 "* C* -# us 1-1 F. CO co <-m (N r» os t- y; ^ C5 tk c b 36 n O — w s ' O _» — _o O « * S e « s © = £ 5 SiS^-a O D- a: 02 >-, as -, m - id . fK u . J 1| sJifJJs.fi O o> u cj es d as 3 *-> T "o 3 O O « H. be , = 3 13 c © I c 5E.2, III SH pa g o £ > - o i: > „ 2ias3Cw>P^. ids is I "»Ph ■ WOO s« -«i!» o< QPh • Bn > I *■ •*rH os .O .be" a o s S 3 516 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. | •snoau -BJ|30 i ^ © -<9< 1 OS t- CO ■juaS -UjlUOQ O O O o O O O O Ma —i -h o o o o o us in in •SJ3 uoisstui -moo CD o •uiag •UOIJBO •!iq n d 1 1 •uoi} -Eonpg -* 1 CM CM -« CM 1 CM P5 — s 1 to •suois •JOJ —■CO -* o — . CO CM •suois •moQ ■*f CO CM Tj< 1 CM * ■■# -^< CO CM m C5 CM •dug SJUtyUJ •d^g sijnpy t- to t- r» p—i-H CM CM Oi co CM m ^- r(< CM •uioo •UIOQ P.TO -* Tf cm co cm co >o cm -^ cs -h CO to icnaooi-aoioox i cm ^ CO CM CO r-H CM rt — t iTf M CO CM « i 2 CM •190 UO •moo «o cm TJ< T? O ■* r^ c* •X3 UO •ujoo as CO co r^ i-. P5 -h CM •* <* o fcl o w o "2 rt :s ^2 "2 . '5 12 cd -a '£ '3 ci *.2 ft T3-e^-2 rn ft '** — En kT - « fT B oo "-as •-< «? "o° ££ * * 3 re a S o P • BO jj re W . CO - « «2 • . W > - • W > • «Q £ ^ W § 5 W . W 5Q 8 * -oS^SSw-^o'S • fe\c 2 1 "§ 1 5 * '3 Ss- ce_2sc2gc>,;»g I o.o 5 « 3 S o .2 .g jb § £ c £ MINISTERS, &c. « "S ■ C a. v5 a3 . 1 .WW 0, W • tZJ • • »•. .W WW ^ g W -o a; t: 3 ^5 | |^ "m a) •-. H ^ ~ o c r; d ^2 > 3 1 •*; - c5 ° i. . m A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 517 © CM *ii US CO 4» © us cm us r- CM •ft US 00 CM CO en © © w — i to c< © © © © © © X3 us © US © © © © © © -1 CM 1-1 © © us us © © O US © © © to US US CO US us cm us us CD © © US 00 CM CO i*l O (O f U5 O cm re us © -H t-r i— I © US © OS © us n © to us us CM © © © »- 00 CO CO 00 CO cm t- us CM CM © CO CM CM CM © -H SO t-~ CM CO — i cm co « i-i © CO 5 — ■>* us tC I— 00 CM r- © CO CM © © co-itfCOuscoCMCOCMUS © 00 US CO CM i-c CO O^hMh CM •* i-i -* CM -i CM •— 1 •— t CO US i-i t~CM © CO US CO ©^•^©cmccos^cm ©'^ , ©C0-<3 , CM'^ l CM-<*-i © CM © cm (O © US CM t- GM t- © -H us CM CM © © CM © -* CO *a< © co co © © If © © CO © CO t~ © CM 00 CM us CO 00 CO © CO © -1 CM CO -1 CM US -31 en co © to TC os CO U5 00 © cm CM CO •** CM CM CO i CO rtffiStCMrtw © CO nctooM »— 1 ~1 -H CM © CO "* CM 00 US il a B o el a o - •■- — <" .2 .2 "5 5J2 03 CO 25 5 7S <^OZ Cg ^Zg- >. r/; «J 5? .as as . .as as , as . 5 as* _r»«K as* as .«5^ i » n ra2 ^ i ^--^asas-gfSE^ „ 1 § 1 rf'jrs/friss § J2 O •- rt c SI «S «J=rt pi*P" 5 ^ . . j-gas o O u oj _ Pi al •£ as as a: -a as* 2- .- r/J as J as £| ,§ | CM a > CL Q r.-npi B) ■- Sm -o »- o 3 S m 03 as'fu as .- ■ -= 5 .- — o (U i—i as«=s §fa 2 S S el » <^ W I- an &5 b 3 • •8 25 b . S v, E cu -- M "o • CQ 51* SS E s -as ^ ■r; E o o i O as -= QQ a S3 rtU o pq <« s < 518 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. ! 'snoau i -BJ193 «c QO lO -H 1 s o» in lo •%uaS -UIJUOQ 1 ° 0=00 00 O U5 O O CO O « ^* -H ^H HH 1—1 •SJ3 uoissiui -uioj l- in co ! • •uiag •UOIJTiO •uou -Bonp[j t-- "8 «S OB "5 •SUCMS •joj O t— O C u~ t- ic 1/500 -h Jl CO O D CO W O p •S .0 --oc-a= a ~ £? S-asoOo.MS^Oo E r ^- >->.a -a -a •-•agf-vr nogx a-aor^P-^^s *5 a. ca q j < p-^S^j SoE-OffiHcocuSsoaa MINISTERS, &c. LT5 1 'ad £ 11 a' 8.2 « ~ ."- O Q K 1 ^ _- S.S ■=|s|2c*a 2 s •> «t^. *&>^ "£ m m »5» So > -S ^ s ,j g Eosgja -.••a« fe n i«i Li t* g S c S Q . * ,, ^ ,». "* "-« JO Sto^titrctm § "3 on §^^-t:iJ j III .1 p 2 -§-§:?:=- i .Is I^^^j A.D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 519 o o o o O o o o o o © © o o o © o o o o o o o o r- <» cj CJ CJ ci ci cj ci cj cj cj CJ CI U3 co m S3 o m «D — I rt CO ^H CO OS O00C1 — i CJ CO CO 5 00 co 3t Ci CO t^ 00 CJ CO r-1 CI CO cj CO CJ TO co CJ © c> co co — i ■>* CO ~l CJ "* 05 its t- co co cj — i CO n-l — I CJ •* CO t- i-i cj o CO CJ COHflH —i cj CO co O i-i CO CJ •rt 00 CJ to uo cj -* o CI CJ -H -H I/O ICO CJ ci co ci co ■CiHo^oon t~ •"* ci •«* cj co rt CJ t-c UO Ci 00 CO ** — i ro .~ o > o" bo CJ cj « £ bC-5 C — t- CJ O c3 CJCQQ 03 «! 5 a oj L 1 3 so co J2 ■§««! d o oj 03 fa CO ,_«. OJ . Si. si < j2 n .5 » — § =« o -= 2 ra o > S fa ■£ ^1 S _ c u o COr/j >• °° GC ^- 5" CO GO 5|S n —-v, — *> OJ O r3 3 OJ o -a - CO ao co CO s r" •1 Ph - L h OS o B0 no c > 7. B 5' £ K c -i S3 B 93 5 d .-,> a '- ;; 93 ^ — Da, c_ — ^- CO co : CO OS Oh . CO •>* ^ . ^> ,C0 «T « Oh - C C tJJ > ^ OJ rt o oj a> c i-* k, = ^12 "2 S « ° cd o —: .XI ^g fejH' 3 O O 3 CJ CD O aH^gfagcuE^^aF-caujjcoa ca ^ bc«« CO •u . •cfa a "a he'ig "tt K ^w c5 «^> »x "^3 .U 2 ™ 5 CO CO . -CO OJ . . 13 co ^ CO* CO "3 fa COlC coco" 14 -~ -Jcs 520 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. ■stioau -BJ|3D -sijtf U1JUOQ oooocsoc oo-v o so «j 115 o n n uiust- uoissicu -moo •uiog •UOI)BD ■uoij •suots •iOj[ iq CO to to cj «o o o to o Tf ^t to oo c* «o co tji co -^ •dcg siinpv C5 -h -»coC5>pH«-xSi-3!> < s o B o 03 5 03 §.2.2 » S .2 ^ ^ o> « -^ - __: c > .2 2 |§2|S's|.illl ceCo=Sot-5Jo°rtS co 5 CO to » £ • to CO — .l- — ' 'r o ^ — ; o^ ra - c *■ '> K ' ^ ? . ^ r e — = C -= "3 2 to o "3 B - S ** ^co J2 §*«3cc . u^ Sco «- c _ co co.^-'- H - C n ~ — " -r * 5 5 | .2 £rg^^>g2-g K D CU 0- t,2S 95 N a, ^ MINISTERS, &,c. r-- 7 00 be o pa 7 •2 •a u 3 c c 1 ( 1 1 J c pi CO 1 oo ■I "S .3 > 'a > ) ) s fin cc on 1/3 s o P o n 'Si ltf^^3|*« ~tJ OT!"— SO -E w «-../ji:j3 b-^ ;r >-_^ o .- is § *:■?>& E*^^ ? (-. !-i ^ CO -. -» < PC >-l A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TAB1ES. .21 •* CJ "5 o 00 CJ 00 o ■O IO to ■<3> o •■# CO «© e o o o O •>* c t- a o O Ifl «5 C3 o «o — > y . 3 o rp I-H CJ — - 1 i-l CJ i/5 •o >o co eo CJ «C CO — 1 — o T* CJ C iO 00 CJ _C d i- LH O S O CO u O E 03 .-- 01 . — 5 S iSJo - c g5« c ■-• o o - - m a; > „ c . s p i I. g ^ = 32; j ~ — — B «- -*■ i— CJ CO — ' t— cc to ft,"" 2 o o-Q MM • i- — - i-. CC 50 33 -= 93 5 5 > £ GO S c . C >^ 5 .s d > ■ O ^ to' >>CJ 33 > § /- 03 Q . .50 c . »so be O £ Q .on Ch ft< S O CK=" • . o ■£ . gfti 33< •-» ft) <*q i-s ^ KJ fe S go 3 -5 .H oi £: ... © tH i- .S o " 5 ^j 2 = ^ E 2 K -C s. O ;g cs •xa uo •CU03 C2 ■^ co O £ OS c C « J . ij SB . ,° - M|j t S| 5*.2 £ £°* ._ *»■: — "g T. -5- . - w> 2 c i | | g g« -5 | £ .E*0^ fe = Q« 8 lljS 'i«a g^S.Ho go t/2 £ O a! P IS O «3 £? ci CC J/J cj § - > 1 ~ » 1 ■5 UIJ «fl«-"i*-sl| Jig J k _= 3 rf > c j:-c;— occg2o -? > ° rt s are * s cs-S^sg^ci-^g^ a-5 jg-s u 4 a? a! r- a; g §2 4 1 £ e? § 1 3 £ , c — u 5 — " -Ou c - J J3 ^ # -< 00 S -t C Tf ^l •O "» o CO o o o t-- «fl CM t- O ©i CO o CO cm ■* CO 00 ci co co co -^ Ifl f ct « ~ CO Ol P5 S c;*ooonn re — i ao — i co —I LO C5 O CO ■* o Tf CO 00 o CO GO O f- CO l— CO CO IO 35 -# O — — — •>* U0 ©I ^ r~ as «o id CO CO CO (Ti t- o 00 qo o se C5 CO -- . CO — i rt O — < — i tt •o t^ - co r- CI MS U0 45 M o 5 V£ 1 g I § g u q <» E* a a o£ tx. a. . « .3 -3 S =3 aSQQ ai jj a '> 3= C C 7i SQ Pontotoc, Mis Holly Springs Pontotoc, Mis Do. >>• CO CO rl Sj2> » - Z §"' • CO jjx . . _C5 Si — .CO u j£ c ^ ^ § ** ■ pq oa co-i o .~ o j2 O a. S u a. a Q c a ~ £ -Q _ CO <0u «2 > §Jc?l ■S3- S ~ _ 3 . — = . - o i (u si e aSca~^ •s a - -a blCO »■ CO - c » r x . i a! := ^t i 1 1 = §■ o u % * = o 5. a Z cs S S a. to •2 -f a a CO "« cocc^ 7-£ a c S I 1 a; -5 » O ;"'* 71 > • EX ^ »E = 524 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. •snoau -■B({90 •*?iv* -juaS -UI1UOQ •saa uoissiui ■wo j «o nil oo ic us ic •tiias '[° 3, IJ. •ooi;bo •uotj •BDtipg -si UOIS m •SUOI3 •mop •dt?g ~ c* *J SB I is £ J _*,2 E - tX « 5 T3 -5 ~ J? t c~-2 d:i S kz, j a £ 3 u QQ > -as -r 93 > £ JR-SSg-s-gsH ..-.He--' 5 — •» «j »o 8 ** "S" c ° = .£ i: n. s — "z — '— £••— v h = ■" — •* ■ST j=c«cK-^:^. .-3=;3ii Si 00>-'JC2fc? >- gu ^ U. ~ >>' =2h^ oqm . > «ja:x- .•?>.* ^ > H ~ ««>*£§.* 1 > - . Bo2»,l*JS ogps — O x 3 x 3 x — 3 > m 8 1- a 3Q 3 Z 2 • as E > 3 O ■>■ bl bi U*3 »3 % 00 S a . * «j -5 o * e ca .• £ c .§ 33 CL ~ as C 5 ^ rt S CJc«o.S, sc < i-» "-S < O? >-» ►-» -\ A. D. 1847.] STATISTICAL TABLES. 525 00 o eo tj< eo © © © ro o ifl cs >o © to o CN -■< -* 00 rt c* 00 CO oo o CO CO C! C * 00 eo CO CN © C5 -H O — CM i-0 r- i-h O rf « CO — i ?* eH CO CI >-o "> *£ „s § Q o ci - 5 o F U — a K g is c s _2 =o &J3 ~ > ri «? r** — > — C ; o aa ..*< a~ £ ft, rt C O O el* S"§ 5 5 2^oi — ^a r. _• wi CO co i v" 7. > £> rri to C a 9 I > > 30 > — .r 5 — cs> w s: CO . CO 03 . - . CO J2 CO . b O „>*« •c O.S CS — -3 s> c 2 2 3 5 _2 I I" 3 X Sot ot CO o . F. CO S* 2 S <»_• CO . OT ro . CO - _/, - S ci - > 3 ia « '3 o r g ~o - OT CO "»a3 | •= CO m 3 2 & C 2 3 «< i< CCS CO M Y: e X! » "^ 3 «* O S ^ £ bi w> H £ ,2 . ■« 2 .= i. < "> 3 o > t.^= a -2 CO co'oJk" CO CO CO * U S E T^ c t5 .» CO E 71 ii O O TO 3 -= . . • — _ . . £j S3 • »-3 l-S •-» CO ? I-S 1-5 526 STATISTICAL TABLES. [Appendix. ■snoou -BI|30 -s.jM so n ffs -ui)uoj 1 1 1 •SJ3 UOISSUU -moo 1 1 •Uiag •UOjl^D i ! 1 1 •UOIJ -uonpg Is 1 s 1 -SUOIS -si iv ao - c» •SUOIS 00 1 -sjim •UIOQ •dug SJUEJUJ ©5 CI G*. t- t— a ij °^ i ' > 'f -5 "-3 i £ & z c 2 .2 cs.2 • T3 -a = -a .2 sera ** b S >-> i; o « ■ 3 . 3 >- 3 O ^ 2 i*Z bo o hiH " S j= .-= s_ — .2 ° rt ° b -2 c •i ; 5 f i .2 : s ! =i l " H : I 2 : »> ^ -a o o d f lf.Pl i -a 5 "a £ S « "3 ^ : j rr. J f» 4 c c c 1 W g — o D a: CO • 7 > Cl| a.' "S -a ? a bo J3) J= Kl 3 S fa, «! s 1 1 d •3 of w H w s < i O o 2 v_ 1 sit ° £ i cc &.« ||« "8 o "a a "a -» 1 .2 IS - I C3 . £ •~ ~ w o l- c o 1 3 £ -&J g « g ^ ... l-» <-> >-i -=< "^ » ~ C . o T3 a 2 ° " C *3 ► C c J2 ?«S s ^ 5'l - S « S S i S ?-■> s A. D. 1847.] SUMMARY VIEW. 527 •SUOI103JJ03 •- o CS h 5 — -a . e • "T3 — ■<<< -» ■< r-j-S ' —I oo © © ©~ o -^ o* >— i "3Q he a •J = si CM »fl l .5 S >> a — :s 3 ~I • — •1 = ^ — ; • O o i<0 — i t- CM -H os to co ■*f CM pi C 71 o -a 3 g i-s to — r- rf — >0 3 bllfe S c o © ■** U0 — • — co • 2 oa O to 00 — I ii uoijB-jiiqnj jo pjBog jo[ pastcj spunf rl CO tiowt'Oitociniflooaotote'S' IfliCCir-TfHl.'SOTf^f-OlOU' !OtOtOt-«5CT"5P5 •— i— CM CM CS •uoijBonpg ioj pasiea spunj lO-^lOt^O 00 CM — < -H CO >-H UOISSIJ^ -JOJ j»j posiBj spunj UO 00 CO — • fl Of iO CO iflClOWOOOOOlfli'iOMTfO -0 t- nlflt- pazijcteg s)[tipy ■"' UOCOCMt-C5>«CMaOtOCOOr-aO©>OCMt-^ , -#0500QOOCM'^ , C5 ooi^-mni't'Oaofn^'CiciffloOTtiiot-Tiifflro^ «oo"*CMt~ajtocotDQOroootocoooco'^fl Q0 Jl 00 CO ^ — OOCMtOUOOO 00C0»Ot^-«J , u0'^ , CM-HU0'OCMr-tO •saqojnqQ OC! lOOf--" OOt-r^C^liOt^uOtOCOTjilOCMtOTfitO;!— rr CI CI « •S3}T:prpuB3 00 00 CO -h -n 05^jo m ^ a •— c P* "o «i >s_ S< u*i; &> = .2 .2 „- n a ^: J5 w to &-, -ie .&" •- a o _o ^ -a w a >.^ i_- 3 cSPNissi.gN g ra — f a — t JE-'<:ooM*^K^imj^^iW^i^;tf^ > Ja2PHfHaPP3 528 SUMMARY VIEW. [Appendix. O J3 ^h £ = C3 • o : ■- < » m i — «s » o d J - ; =; i «J 3- — >-i "> E -I " Q Z<2 £U as .2 . ■ '^-r cd^^i:^ c3 •*> > c — — ° »■; o >,o to o a G zz ca a. = > ate «j « "-H J 1 . . . . > r • O =1 •suonoajio^ to ** ro < 03 03--' C3 ift — QO n s o -< t' «; i-< ro c» to © -f — • 03 OJ S< CO •>* irs te •punj SjjauoissiiutuoQ •sauBuiuiag {BoiSoioaq^ joj posiu.i spunj •uoijcoiiqrij jo pjnog joj pgsstuj spunj ©*#00jTj<&o— ' ci n c. -3 1 co >o t? io —oo •uoii^onpg joj pasiBj spunj C306oGC-«'t5<03JC3 n 00 « o o in rt r- c*. Tfoo— ctoGonooc, "*'tffit'M0O'*nnr. we ■■Jt^Li-it-'f oo! nr.OTcneijj-i-irtc.flCN^fCN «HHj)0«nn ^ d -H -H »-t r-l ^ SU01SSI{\[ 'JOJ joj pasiBJ spunj fB'*-- pazijdeg s}jnp\r h Tfnn mm wh — i co -* co ;-'rt3iio-0"ffn«f)u3Wt03;'-ico nnjiHUno^iMrt-i «tt(M n 'B19}S\U]]fi ■n W 3 Eh >^ S5 CO S3 Oh T3 rS • be = : B 3 c 0= c o — '^ 2 53 83 —> .2 IS .8 r 3 J osJcS Sj S-e_S * |3J^ o J u.E = ;i:>o. ; ' « CtS 3 1 E S«?n — .2 6SoicOSt»> .s C-a A. D. 1847.] SUMMARY VIEW. ^ n O — -^ t— -3« 00 tO WOO PS SO — "5 (7* O — O tOOOO B f US U2 * ^ PS Oi to o» to us ' 00 C» PS SO -H US CI— •OJtOos^OOt- iuSPSTfP5(?» C* re r- U5 PS -H -fHOODlN to- CS-*C< Tjuflonjiotw* (M "* ps im -h ps us ©(?jT)it^oo(M -<*r-t-us-*u5-— i— itJ'OOOO© J-HrHPSC , «rHC< © o © — ■ o c o c « •? ^ ei r- © to -# oo © © © — i -co m c»n x D co co ©-# ^s< to — to 00 © © to © © t? *i CM rt ,_, _ to CO 00 © •punj }U3J£uijuo3 ©©© © © © © © O T* t- ©© © © to © c o o io o — © oo © — •"^CM©© — CO to to — © co © © — to , CO ^ r- m — ■ CM — ' -i CM — > _ ON >-o to *sa;ji!uuu3g IBDioojoaqj^ joj pasisj spunj — LO CO © io to t- — "* © CM CO CO © © CO CM CM i- © © CM •uotiBOijqnj jo pjBog ioj posiBJ spunj © CO »fl C- CO cm © o »o •uopnonp^j xoj positu spunj CM © 00 © --> CJ — i g» ts ** «s —•<*©«© co go -^ •>*t~n©co©©oo — 5)« r> n oo XCOTCO CO© 00 •» ©COtO©©TjCMX©t--'S'C0X-'S< © — 00 00 CO to © CO X — CMCMXCMCMCOt~XCOtOt- ©t^-JO-i 00 © CM 00 CO CM CO -i i-i rn.'!'*- > © CO CM CO CO l-l CM — • © o © to p3zpdBgs}UT!juj © © © -# to — ' © -3> © © 74 © to © © © 00 -3" X -)< r~- CO CO i?l t~ CM e ji k o o oc n » -i o w ■* ci ^ to c o no co ■<* cm — • i— rl -H ^H r— I S 1 CO © 1 pazijdcg s^mpy cot-Lot~r-©©i~ooiOTt©r^©-s>©— < cwxx^woc) cm (M cn o n ■* t-t ei >??;MrtO — iOi« II •s)uB0iumu -11103 jo piox oicoco^roo-^i-o — © © ci © — ■ © co x © © x — ■ ".I C! CI C f Of t:NoO'?'fn-i-xr?i-'5i — © co co ^ j— ■* x co — . co co © © LO -» © — X'<3 , ©CO.^r-X©rjC'J — — • CM CM CM -1 r-l „ ^ ^ ^ _, CO to © •siUTJOiunui -moj) paanojoQ ©co© to co © — > ©—■■-•• n< to x co -* cm cm «* © ■* cm ** o» cm co tt to ^ — i C! CO CM CM — i © to •a^Boyiiioj UO p.TppE '11103 © — — •'*©© CM ©to^t~co©t-«— CO-* — CO OX©— I to co — i -h n — i coco cm — i « ej im f- co - 1 c oo r: n -h CO to •uoijBuiaiBxg uo pappe '11103 nc;iac?;-o , iX'f , r?ii.:r | ;--iMttfC!Mi';oo ©l-CMl^t^©LOXCMX — i CO -* r~ X CO © ■>? to © CM CM p»«H — i CM CM © © •saqojniQ ■* - x - - lc x c! a ^ c! o k »ou5C5WO{~xni , -i™« — > CO rj> CM CM CM CO « Ol O co - -h - co CM H« © CO CM •s9;cpipuB3 — < © « C !M X M TT CO LO CO ^« r- ■* CM 3 | CO ' •S0}B!1U30t r J nHrtlM-iHHlfl CM — rlnCO CO CM l"+»H CO 'SJ3}S!U!T\; — Xifi— '-iCM©u0r-CO©X)i-0©t-©a0© — CM©©XtOOOi-0 — ~< c»— KM— -H — -1 — CM — " — • — ■ —'-1 " CO s 25 V) W Pd| to ♦T or > ~ > ^ -rf £ S s t a JH -§ : --J < $. .= v 2 J = g ? g -* -S 5 tf 9-5 J £ "C 8 ff M-z 2 -S §• « -s .2 3 -g -g 3 g 5 * g -a = ^ : 5 a 3 ^ = i~ -=-=o 3 ~«C— ° — ^C-co = 5 j 4 A. D. 1847.] 531 GENERAL VIEW. During the year closing May, 1847, the Presbytery of Wisconsin has reported its organization, according to the resolution of the last Assembly. The Synod of Illinois, also, has organized the Presbytery of Rock River, and the Synod of West Tennessee, the Presbytery of Knoxville. The following statistics are, as will be observed, for two years: 1847. Synods, in connexion with General Assembly, Presbyteries, .... Candidates for the Ministry, Licentiates, .... Ministers, ..... Churches, .... During these years, there were Licensures, . . . . Ordinations, .... Installations, .... Pastoral relations dissolved, Churches organized, and received from other bodies, Ministers received from other denominations, Ministers gone to other denominations, Members added to the Church on examination, Members added to the Church on certificate, Adults baptized, .... Children baptized, ..... Whole number of communicants reported, Amount contributed for religious purposes, The following ministers have died during the year: 1846. 22 115 339 218 1647 2297 72 78 87 52 45 14 6 7792 5733 2036 9677 174,714 $254,856.70 22 118 343 231 1713 2376 82 64 72 52 *44 15 7 7602 5672 1794 9342 179,453 $310,164.91 Reuben Sears, Methusaleh Baldwin, Jacob Bryant, Thomas Wilson, missionary in William Loughridge, . Thomas Hoge, William Latta, D.D. John D. Perkins, Robert Dunlap, Robert Semple, John F. Kean, . James Robinson, . . James Culbertson, John A. Dunlap, Joshua L. Wilson, D.D., James Hummer, Samuel G. Weeks, John Lyle, A. A. Campbell, . Samuel M. Williamson, John B. Kennedy, . John Harrison, . . Samuel Hurd, . Total, 23. Africa, PEESBYTERIES. Albany. Hudson. Elizabethtown. Newton. Philadelphia. Do. Do. New Castle. Ohio. Beaver. Erie. Marion. Zanesville. Miami. Cincinnati. Crawfordsville. Fort Wayne. West Lexington. Western District. Do. South Carolina. Hopewell. Chickasaw. Last year, 19. The incompleteness of many of our Presbyterial Reports, still furnishes reason for regret. It will be seen from the above aggregates, that there has been a gra- tifying increase during the year, in the number of our Presbyteries, Candidates, Licentiates, Ministers, Churches, and Communicants. The increase, also, of the amount raised for religious purposes, it will be observed, is over Fifty-five Thou- sand Dollars. In reference to several of these items, complete returns would have shown still larger results. WILLIS LORD, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly. * Seventy newly organized churches were reported to the Board of Missions; p. 538. (532 ) [Appendix. BOARDS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. BOARD OF PUBLICATION. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. President — A. Alexander, D.D. Vice-President — A. Symington. Treasurer — A. W. Mitchell, M.D. Corresponding Secretary — Joseph H. Jones, D.D. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. H. A. Boardman, D.D., Chairman. C. C. Cuyler, D.D., Wm. M. Engles, D.D., J. H.Jones, D.D. ex off., Rev. Thomas L. Janeway, Joseph B. Mitchell, James Dunlap, A. Symington, James N. Dickson, Joel Jones, A. VV. Mitchell, M.D. ex ojf. Joseph P. Engles. Editor— William M. Engles, D.D. Publishing Agent— 3. P. Engles. trustees of the board. — Incorporated February 13, 1847. A. W. Mitchell, President. Matthew New kirk, Vice-President. Joseph B. Mitchell, Secretary. James Dunlap, Treasurer. James N. Dickson, William S. Martien, James B. Ross, Archibald Mclntyre. Robert Soutter, Jr., Office corner of Seventh and George Streets, Philadelphia. Abstract of the Annual Report of the Board of Publication, May, 1847. During the year ending March 31, 1847, the Presbyterian Board of Publication have added to their catalogue twenty-one new books, amounting to 23,500 copies; two new tracts, amounting to 2000 copies; and three occasional tracts, amounting to 10,500 copies. Whole number of new publications, 36,000 copies. They have also printed new editions from stereotype plates, amounting to 110,500 copies. Total number of books and tracts issued during the year, 146,500. The books issued during the year have been chiefly of the smaller and less expensive kind. As the catalogue at the close of the last year, had extended to more than two hundred works of different descriptions, the Board were admonished of the danger of so increasing the number as to make the Congregational Library too expensive. They have also been aware, that a main object of the Institution is not to multiply good books indiscriminately, but to publish such as are adapted specially to the wants of the Church. A good proportion of those added to the list given in the last Report will answer the call, so often repeated, for books suited to children and youth. Among the more important publications of the year, may be mentioned, " Christ and Antichrist ; or Jesus of Nazareth proved to be the Messiah, and the Papacy proved to be the Antichrist predicted in the Holy Scriptures; by the Rev. S. J. Cassels, of Virginia. — An ably written treatise, on a topic of increasing im- portance to the Protestant Churches of our land, among which there is an alarming apathy to the moral influence of the errors which the author so thoroughly exposes. " An Exposition of the Confession of Faith, of the Westminster Assembly of Divines," by the Rev. Robert Shaw. — A book of moderate size, that displays much theological research, and comprises within a small space the substance of many volumes. To those who desire an instructive and luminous explanation of the Westminster summary of doctrinal truths, this work will be a most acceptable offering. •'Obligations of the World to the Bible." — A mature and carefully written book, of more than three hundred pages, by Dr. Spring, of New York; exhibiting at once the strength and the polish of his gifted and instructive pen. " Minutes of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, from its organization, A. D. 1789 to A. D. 1820, inclusive." — A second volume of records, replete with details that are of common interest to the friends of evangelical religion, and especially to ourselves. The Board have also in hand, among other books, the following standard practical A. D. 1847.] board or publication. 533 works — Alleine's Alarm, Baxter's Call to the Unconverted, Baxter's Saint's Rest, McLaurin's Essays, in the stereotyping of which they are promised the aid of some liberal friends, to whom they have been indebted for similar favours before. They are also preparing for publication a splendid pictorial edition of Bunyan's Holy War, (with Burder's notes,) the engravings of which are to be on wood, and and executed in the first style of the art. The means for producing this valuable work, will be a sequel to the liberality which has enabled the Board to put the Church in possession of the Pilgrim's Progress, in so splendid a style, and at so moderate a price. They have in press " Thoughts on Family Worship," by the Rev. J. W. Alex- ander, D.D., a work of which it will not be too much to say, that it is worthy of the author and the subject. They also have in press "A Manual of Devotions for Soldiers and Sailors," a work of the highest importance to those whose spiritual privileges are so few, and who so peculiarly need the instructions and consolations of religion. The amount of moneys received during the last year, including a balance in the treasury at the date of the last report, is $36,840 50. The condition of the treasury, as represented in the above account, furnishes evidence of the faithfulness with which the financial department of our concerns has been conducted. Acting as the Board do, under restrictions prescribed at once by their limited resources and the instructions of the General Assembly, they feel the necessity of running no unnecessary risks in business, which would expose them to losses which they could ill sustain. While they have deemed it true economy in the manufacturing of their books, to employ the best mechanics and the best materials, as their publications will show, yet their contracts have been uniformly on cash principles, and therefore on the most advantageous terms. For the purpose of furnishing the churches with a succinct and comprehensive account of their plans and operations, they have recently published a short tract, containing a statement not only of their doings as a Board from their organiza- tion, but of the results. From this document it will be seen, that within less than seven years, since they began to publish, they have issued more than 575,000 volumes, or more than 80,000 yearly. . In the same period they have published 177,000 catechisms, 37,500 almanacs, 5500 occasional tracts, 16,000 tracts on Po- pery, and 111,000 tracts on doctrinal subjects. Some of these tracts contain the matter of a small volume, and are many times the size of ordinary tracts. They have had executed by the best artists, on steel, copper, and wood, 337 distinct en- gravings, many of them of the mcst beautiful and costly kind. And although com- mencing their operations in 1840, with an available capital not exceeding $48,000, they have made sales to the amount of $145,477. The Board have also been made the almoners of private donations, placed at their disposal by a few generous persons, to be distributed according to their judg- ment, by means of which $4300 have been expended, and about 10,000 volumes given to furnish libraries to Presbyterian clergymen of limited pecuniary means, to feeble churches, Sabbath-schools, benevolent and charitable institutions, and ships of war. Many thousand volumes have thus gone through the Church from their depository, of a sterling character, distinctively Presbyterian in doctrine, and eminently practical in tendency, to convince, instruct, and comfort its widely extended community. Within a 6hort period the Board have presumed 60 far upon the support of the churches, as to take some incipient steps in a system of Colportage. The value of such an agency in diffusing the books of the Board, as well as its efficiency, have been signally exemplified in the experience of other associations; but it has not been adopted by this Board for the want of means to sustain it. After mature and enlightened inquiry on the subject, they were convinced that the income from the sales would not justify the large outlay which would be required to carry on this mode of distribution to any considerable extent. The generous donations of a few individuals, however, have enabled the Board to commence the work. Agents for circulating and colporteurs have been appointed, who have already entered their respective fields, and it is the purpose of the Board to increase their number just as fast as the means put by the Church at their disposal will warrant. The Board would also inform the Assembly, that they have procured from the Legislature of Pennsylvania, an act of incorporation as authorized by a previous Assembly. 534 board op education. [Appendix. In conclusion, they would repeat the sentiments expressed in a former Report, that, let the Church become aroused to the importance of this institution, and to its power when fully put forth and properly directed; let them carry out the repeated recommendation of former Assemblies on the subject of cooperation, and then will its influence be felt, in giving strength as well as enlargement to our Zion. And while the Board thus solicit the assistance and counsel of the Assembly, they would, more than all, desire and ask an unceasing interest in their prayers. BOARD OF EDUCATION. officers of the board. President. — Alexander Henry. Vice Presidents. — Matthew L. Bevan, John McDowell, D. D., Thomas Brad- ford, Esq. C Van Rensselaer, D. D., Corresponding Secretary. William Chester, D. D., Associate Secretary and General Agent. W. M. Atkinson, I). D., Agent for the South and South west. R. Soutter, Jr., Recording Secretary. Joseph B. Mitchell, Treasurer. Frederick V. Krug, ) . , James N. Dickson, \ Audltors - EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Matthew L. Bevan, Chairman ; Joseph H. Jones, D. D., H. A. Boardman, D. D.» A. Tudehope, William Chester, D. D., C. Van Rensselaer, D. D., James N. Dick- son, Matthew IMewkirk, James Dunlap, Thomas Bradford, Esq., R. Soutter, Jr.» Alexander Symington, J. B. Mitchell. Abstract of the Annual Report, presented tt> the General Assembly, May T847. The Board of Education respectfully submit to the General Assembly an account of their operations during the year, accompanied by a statement of some general views connected with the advancement of the cause of ministerial education. The number of new candidates received during the year has been 96 Making in all, from the beginning, (in 1819,) ... The whole number on the list during the year has been Of this number there have been In their Theological course - " Collegiate do. ... " Academical do. - Stage of study not reported ... Teaching to procure funds .... PASTORAL SUPERVISION. During the year, the Corresponding Secretary and the Associate Secretary and General Agent have attempted to carry out a plan of pastoral visitation. They have visited almost all the institutions where the candidates are collected in any number; have prayed with the young men, conversed with them, and endeavoured publicly and privately to stir up their minds to the remembrance of the high and holy duties of the ministry. Dr. Atkinson has also discharged the same duty in - 1663 - 403 140 187 43 5 28 — 403 A. D. 1847.] BOARD OF EDUCATION. 535 various sections of the Church. So that few of the candidates are personally unknown to us. STATE OF THE TREASURY. The Treasurer's Report of moneys received and expended from May 1st, 1846, to May 1st, 1847, is as follows: Balance on hand May 1st, 1846, .... $ 3,918 48 Cash received during the year, .... 35,627 14 Total amount of available funds, .... 39,545 62 Amount paid on orders of Executive Committee, - - 32,327 08 Balance May 1st, 1848, 7 218 54 Of which applicable to parochial schools, ... 3,000 00 $4,218 54 GENERAL PRINCIPLES. The Board embrace this opportunity to re-affirm before the Assembly and the Church, some of the leading facts and principles which are indissolubly connected with the advancement of the interests of ministerial education. I. The basis of all the operations of the Board of Education is, that a pious and well qualified ministry is the great instrumentality appointed by the Head of the Church for the conversion of the world. The work of training up ministers is therefore fundamental work in the Church of Christ. II. The providence of God calls loudly for more men to preach the gospel. The commission to " preach the gospel" at all, requires that it should be preached " to every creature." The gospel is Christ's gospel for all the earth. The number of ordained ministers which the Presbyterian Church sends out to teach the heathen nations is exceedingly small in comparison with the extent of the field. The Judaism of the apostolic church, displayed in an unwillingness to send the gospel to the Gentiles, still shows itself at the present day. The Church should send forth hundreds of Christian missionaries to relieve the cry of perishing millions, and to answer the importunity of an awakening world. But wheie are the men? " The labourers are few." Within the bounds of our own denomination, in this favoured land, there are nearly five hundred vacant churches. If some of these have been supplied during the year, others have become destitute of the means of grace; and if many of these congregations be small, yet in the aggregate they embrace many thousands of church members. Besides this large number of vacancies, there are hundreds of destitute places east, south, and west, where the gospel ought to be proclaimed from sanctuaries built up through the labours of Presbyterian missionaries. In addition to our vacancies and actual destitutions, we must include the almost confounding element of the increase of our population. The developments of American statistics are the romance of political economy. It has been computed, in popular language, that the wave of population rolls westward at the rale of eigh- teen miles a year, sweeping away the wilderness by a living title of active and increasing encroachment. With an adequate supply of right-minded, devoted ministers, the number of Presbyterian churches might, in the providence of God, be speedily doubled. III. In the midst of these enlarged demands for more men, the fact stands out upon our records that for the last three vears the number of candidates in the Presby- terian Church has been diminishing. The watchman, in telling us of the night, could scarcely have alarmed Zion with a more fearful report. The small increase of candidates this year — which is eighteen in the aggregate 536 board of education. [Appendix. above the number of last year — should by no means diminish the solicitude of the Church on this vital topic. The number of candidates is far behind the wants of the Church and the age. The Free Church of Scotland, with about seven hundred ministers and congregations, has nearly the same number of theological students as our own branch of the Presbyterian Church, with seventeen hundred ministers and twenty-four hundred congregations. According to " the rule of three," which is a fearful test for us when we cypher with Scotland, our Church should have at least five hundred theological students, and one thousand candidates under the care of the Board of Education, in all stages of their studies. At our present rate of increase, it would take a generation to reach the relative numbers of Scotland, even if Scotland remained stationary during the interval. Small as our increase has been, during the year, there is danger that it will backslide again into a dimi- nution. No subject should more anxiously engage the attention, the prayers, and the efforts of the Church than the adequate supply of her ministerial ranks. IV. God alone can furnish the Church with ministers. The ministerial office, which requires in the first place the regeneration of the soul, is entirely dependent upon the will of God. The grace of regeneration and sanctification is bestowed, through the cross of Christ, upon his own elect. In addition to a saving call, the ministerial office requires the intimations of God's will by the Spirit in regard to this particular vocation. The soul is called not only to the knowledge of Christ, but to the ministry of Christ. "No man taketb this honour to himself, but he that is called of God as was Aaron." The Presbyterian Church is clear and explicit in her standards and in her prac- tice as to the necessity of a holy and divinely called ministry. This is a funda- mental principle in all her operations. V. The Church must use means to raise up ministers. The command of Christ to pray to him as the " Lord of the harvest," implies the faithful efforts of his Church, with a reliance upon his blessing, to secure the object of their supplications. The analogies ot religion confirm the same idea. The conversion of the soul as well as its sanctification, consolation and providential guidance, is connected with means of every kind and degree. Christian character and hope, in the end- less variety of gracious experience, depend upon the employment of divinely ordained instrumentalities. Why then should the single subject of furnishing the Church with ministers be selected as requiring no Christian effort, no anxious toil, no holy zeal, no persevering care? The authority of the Church is concerned in this great topic. If the Church cannot use means to call the attention of her children to the ministry, what voice can she have in their ordination? The topics she propounds in the examination of candidates as to personal qualification for the ministry, embrace the substance of the inquiries which the use of means furnishes for private consideration. If the Head of the Church exclude the preliminary agency of his saints, much less have they any right to sit in judgment on the irreversible decision of His will. Apostolic practice confirms the practice of the Church at the present time. Paul's injunctions to Timothy, such as "the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to teach others also;" " lay hands suddenly on no man;" " ordain elders in every church ;" these injunctions demanded that Timothy should employ all suitable methods of testing character. It was necessary for him to use all the means which Christian prudence suggested in regard to so important a work. The use of appropriate means for the increase of the ministry is the safest plan. To leave this great subject undiscussed and unattended to in the Church, is to hand it over to the impulses of fanaticism, and to all the misconceptions of igno- rance. This is the surest way to obtain ministers. Experience proves that when the Church uses the means of God's appointment, her candidates increase; and that when religion languishes and her efforts grow faint, their number diminishes. Pro- vidence teaches a lesson as impressive as revelation. VI. Means to be used. 1. Prayer to " the Lord of the harvest,^ is among the precious, personal instruc- tions of our Lord Jesus Christ. The Church, whose prayers ascend to " the Lord of the harvest," will receive the first fruits of his blessing in a spiritual and numerous ministry. A. D. 1847.] BOARD OF EDUCATION. 537 The Board solemnly and anxiously reiterate their convictions that the education operations of the Church eannot be successfully carried on without much prayer. The number of candidates will decrease, and their training will not be such as the Church and the age require, unless the grace of God, invoked by his people, shines around our tabernacle by day and by night. 2. Pastoral instruction is necessary for the increase of the ministry. Our young men need encouragement, counsel, watchfulness, sympathy, warning, exhortation. They need pastoral supervision with all its kindly, persuasive, authoritative instruc- tions. They need to be appealed to from the cross, and from the throne. Every young man of piety and promise should realize that the Lord his God has bought him with a price, and that he must render an account of his profession — of the motives which led to its choice, as well as of the manner of pursuing it. Worldly influences are besetting our youth with a power that often tempts them to disho- nour their religion. Their hearts become pre-engaged by merchandize and the law and the farm and medicine, and corrupting idleness and the pride of life. What shall save our youth to the Church, if our ministers slumber? 3. The parental consecration of children to Christ is an important element in increasing the supply of ministers. The children belong to God as the creations of his power, the " gracious gifts" of his Providence. Having been also dedicated to him by baptismal vows, why should parents desire to lead them off from the sanctuary path, from the most honourable, useful, and glorious employment among the occupations of men 1 Scripture example stimulates parental devotion in the early dedication and training of children. Hannah, having prevailed with God to create her child, solemnly "lent him unto the Lord all the days of his life." In all ages parental consecration has had much to do with the supplies of the ministerial ranks. The lives of Augustine, and Doddridge, and Edwards, and Davies, and Cecil, and Newton, and Mills and Payson are illustrations of the pow- er of parental tears and prayers. The Board of Education have observed in the correspondence of their candidates a remarkable testimony to this fact. Many of them particularly mention the respect for the ministry taught and felt in child- hood as having had an influence after their conversion in turning their attention lo the sacred office. The redemption of the world and all the measures to secure it, are closely connected with infant training. 4. Education wider the supervision of the Church at the school, at the academy, and at the college, as well as at the seminary is of supreme importance to the interests of the ministerial profession. The neglect on the part of the Church of her baptized children and of her youth in general, at the very forming period of their character, is one of the anomalies which it is earnestly hoped will no longer tarnish our annals. 5. The increase of our ministers depends upon a system of Church co-operation, through which pecuniary aid can be rendered to the pious and indigent who feel called by the Spirit and by the voice of the Church to prosecute their studies with a view to the ministry. The duty of assisting our indigent candidates cannot be consistently denied, as long as our standards make high literary attainments an in- dispensable qualification for the sacred office. Evil will be the day in the Presby- terian Church when the rich can obtain an education for the ministry to the ex- clusion of the poor ! It has been computed that at least one half of all the ministers of our Church have been aided in receiving their theological education. God has in all ages sup- plied his faithful ministers chiefly from the ranks of the humble and the poor. The Church, therefore, is acting in the line both of God's Providence and grace. And she has been blessed in doing so. Her candidates are to be found in every Synod, rewarding her benevolence by arduous labours in the Redeemer's cause. A large proportion of our foreign and domestic missionaries have been both trained up and sent forth by the funds of the Church. Africa, India, and China testify that there is a blessing in the Board of Education. Many a wilderness and solitary place in our own and in heathen lands have been renewed in their long-lost hopes through devoted ministers, offered in baptism and nursed by the pious poor. The vast re- sults of our education operations in multiplying the number of ministers and in ad- vancing all the interests of the kingdom of the Son of God, will be known only in the day when he himself shall appear in his glory ! Vol. XI.— 53 ( 538 ) [Appendix. BOARD OF DOMESTIC MISSIONS. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. Rev. Ashbel Green, D.D., L.L.D., President. Rev. C. C. Cuyler, D.D., Vice-President. Rev. William A. McDowell, D.D., Corresponding Secretary and General Agent. Alexander Symington, Recording Secretary. William D. Snyder, Treasurer. William Nassau, Senr., Auditor. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Rev. John McDowell, D.D., Chairman. Rev. William A. McDowell, D. D., Rev. Willis Lord, Rev. Thomas L. Janeway, A. W. Mitchell, M.D., Alexander Symington, William Nassau, Sen., Matthew Newkirk, William Dulty. COMMITTEE ON CHURCH EXTENSION. Rev. C. C. Cuyler, D.D., Chairman. Rev. William A. McDowell, D. D., Alex- ander Symington, A. W. Mitchell, M.D., Robert Soutter, Jun. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, AT LOUISVILLE, KY. Rev. William L. Breckinridge, D.D., Chairman. Rev. James Woods, D.D., Rev. E. P. Humphrey, Rev. W. W. Hill, Rev. J. J. Bullock, Rev. Daniel Stewart, William Garvin, Samuel Casseday, William Richardson, Henry E. Turnstall. Abstract of the Annual Report of the Board of Domestic Missions for 1847. The past year has been marked with the special favour of God to the cause of Domestic Missions. This cause, in the Presbyterian Church, has silently, but steadily and surely, advanced. The whole number of missionaries in commission during the year, has been 431. Of these, 235 were in commission at the com- mencement of the year, and 196 have been new appointments during the year. The whole number of feeble congregations, and missionary stations supplied, has exceeded 1200. This is a large increase, both in the number of missionaries, and in the number of stations occupied, over any former period. The number of itine- rant missionaries has been considerably increased, and most of the missionaries have spent a portion of their time in itinerant labours. So far as reported, there have been added to the churches, on examination, 1900 members; by certificate, 1400; lotal, 3300. Not less than 70 new churches have been organized, and nearly 100 houses for worship have been erected. The interest in Sabbath Schools and Bible Classes has greatly increased ; also in catechetical instruction. This is a fact of deep interest. There is an increasing attention to the instruction of the young on the part of our missionaries, and a growing desire for such instruction on the part of the people. The missionaries have engaged extensively in the distribution of the Bible, and in the circulation of religious tracts and standard religious books. The works of our own Board of Publication have been extensively circulated, and we trust are doing much good. The pastoral visitation of families has been attended to with much care, and with happy effects. A few of the missionaries have made laudable efforts to intro- duce and circulate among their people, The Missionary Chronicle, and with good success. Their example is worthy of imitation by all our missionaries. The monthly concert for prayer, and weekly prayer meetings, have been attended with increasing interest. There is evidently a growing interest in the benevolent operations of the day, and an increasing liberality in our mission churches. We have reported as collected for missions, Foreign and Domestic, between ftGOOO and «)j>7000, and an amount, much larger than usual, has been raised for other objects. The cause of temperance, we fear, has not advanced during the past year. In many portions of the missionary field, and especially in some parts of the west, there is fearful evidence of increasing intemperance. There is also reason to fear, that the alarming sin of Sabbath desecration has increased. A. D. 1847.] BOARD OF DOMESTIC MISSIONS. 539 The obstacles to the progress of the gospel, in all portions of our country, during the past year, have been both numerous and powerful, and these opposing influences are felt in all their strength on missionary ground, especially in our new settle- ments. But notwithstanding these opposing difficulties, the progress of this work has been decided. The immediate, visible results, as we have seen, are great, and most encouraging. But in the great missionary work, we look to future and dis' taut results. Funds. — The whole amount of funds at the disposal of the Board during the year, has been $63,522.59. The balance on hand at the close of the year, is about $6000. The whole amount exceeds that of the preceding year by about $8000. The in- crease in the receipts of the year has not been large, still there has been an increase, which is in itself encouraging; and this increase has been principally in collections from the churches. This also promises well ; as the cause for per- manent resources must depend not on legacies, nor so much on the large dona- tions of the few, as on the smaller contributions of the many. In addition to the above, the Board have received in valuable clothing, to the amount of not less than from $3000 to $4000. This clothing has been distributed gratuitously among the missionaries most in want, and has been of great import- ance to them and their families. The Board have also received during the year, several hundred dollars' worth of valuable books and tracts for the missionaries, and for the people among whom they labour. They are able to close the year well, and to commence a new year under propi- tious circumstances. For these manifest tokens of Divine favour, they desire to be sincerely and devoutly thankful; and would view the goodness and faithfulness of God as a call upon them, for greater diligence and zeal in this work. The present liabilities of the Board are very large. These are daily becoming due, and will require immediate efforts to meet. Present liabilities will of necessity be greatly increased; very large demands, for both men and means, will be made on your Board the coming year. The missionary field is not only increasing in population, it is also widening and extending on all sides. Our new territory will make heavy demands on your Board of Missions, and we are certainly not at liberty to disregard these claims. If we would be faithful to our solemn trust, they must be met, and met promptly. This will require a large increase of funds, and for these the Board must depend on the churches. They have no other resources. The work of Domestic Missions, it should never be forgotten, is a constantly increas- ing work. It will be much greater this year than it was the last, and it will there- fore require larger resources, greater effort, and more sacrifice. Agencies. — The Rev. Mr. Happersett has continued in the service of the Board during the year. He has visited the churches extensively in several of the Atlan- tic and middle States, and during the latter part of the winter and spring, he visi- ted several of the southern States. In the month of August, the Board appointed the Rev; Joseph M. Smith, D.D., of the Baltimore Presbytery, an agent for the Synods of Pittsburgh, Wheeling, and Ohio. The Rev. S. Scovel, D.D., who has so long and so faithfully served the Board as their agent in the West, continued in this service until the first of November, when he retired from the agency, and accepted the presidency of the college of. South Hanover, Indiana, to which he had been elected. On the resignation of Dr. Scovel, the Rev. J. J. Bullock, a member of the Pres- bytery of West Lexington, and at that time pastor of the church at Frankfort, Kentucky, was appointed Corresponding Secretary for the Western Committee, and General Agent for the West. The Rev. Charles Sturdevant was also appointed an agent. Both these brethren accepted their appointments. CHURCH EXTENSION. During the year, appropriations have been made to aid in the building and finishing of forty-one houses of worship; and in addition to these, aid has been given to thirteen congregations to relieve them from pressing debts, and save them from absolute ruin. The whole number of churches aided has been fifly-four, in sixteen of our States, and one church in Africa. In all the cases where the appro- priations have been paid, the houses have been finished, and the congregations 540 board of foreign missions. [Appendix. entirely relieved from debt. It is on this principle the Committee make their appropriations: that with the aid granted, the people will pledge themselves to finish the building and leave no debt. The result thus far has been most happy. The whole amount of funds received for this object during the year, has been $4596.85. Of this amount, was received — From one individual, .... $3,000 00 From other individual donors, . . . 551 40 From the churches, .... 1,045 45 Total, $4,596 85 The whole amount received the present year has been somewhat less than was received the last year, while the number of churches aided has been considerably increased. The Board have repeatedly expressed their conviction of the importance of this object. Another year's experience has not weakened, but strengthened that conviction. BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. President. — Rev. Samuel Miller, D. D. Vice-Presidents. — Messrs. Charles Chauncey, John Johnston, Silas Holmes, Harmar Denny, Alexander Henry, Matthew L. Bevan, Sidney A. Baxter, Natha- niel Ewing, Alex. C. Henderson, James Blake, John T. McCoun, John M. McCalla. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Rev. William W. Phillips. D. D., Jacob J. Janeway, D. D., William D. Snod- grass, D. D., James W; Alexander, D. D., Daniel Wells, ex off"., Messrs. James Lenox, Hugh Auchincloss, David W. C. Olyphant, James T. Soutter, Robert Carter, Walter Lowrie, ex off. Corresponding Secretary, Walter Lowrie, Esq. Recording Secretary, Rev. Jacob Green. Assistant Secretary, Rev. John C. Lowrie. Treasurer, Rev. Daniel Wells. Auditors, Messrs. Thomas Pr ingle, Ebenezer Piatt. Abstract of the Tenth Annual Report, for 1847. In the work of Missions, the Church is altogether dependant on the blessing of God. It is not by might, nor by power, but the Spirit of the Lord of Hosts, that the spiritual kingdom of our Lord is to be set up in the hearts of men. The Church may expect the Divine blessing in the use of lawful means; and through her benevolence, crowned with favour from on high, multitudes that are ready to perish shall rejoice in the life and immortality which are brought to light in the Gospel. The Report commences with a devout acknowledgment of these truths, and then proceeds to give a detailed statement of the condition and progress of the Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church during the last year. It is the design of this paper to present a brief Abstract of the Report. Finances. — The Receipts from all sources have been $95,628, less $1,949, bal- ance on hand from last year. It is peculiarly gratifying that the donations of the churches, which must ever be the main pecuniary support of the work, have been considerably larger than during any preceding year. From the Bible and Tract Societies, and from legacies, on the other hand, smaller sums have been received ; but the whole amount is larger than the receipts of any former year. The expend- itures of the year have been $95,458. Publications. — Of the Missionary Chronicle upwards of 8000 copies are pub- lished, and of the P\>reign Missionary nearly 13,000 copies. Besides these, 3500 copies of the Annual Report of 1S46 were published, 7000 copies of Letters to A. D. 1847.] BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. 541 Children, by the Rev. W. S. Rogers, and 2000 copies of an Address before the Synod of New York, by the Rev. W. W. Phillips, D. D. Agencies. — In the Western and South-western Synods, the Rev. W. S. Rogers, and the Rev. I. N. Candee, have continued to act as agents of the Board during the year — Mr. Candee's agency ceasing at the end of the year now reported. In the Eastern and some of the Southern Synods, the Rev. H. R. Wilson, Jr., since his return from India, has presented the cause of missions to many of the churches. New Missionaries. — Ten ministers, two licentiate preachers — one of whom is a physician, a teacher, a steward, a carpenter, and ten females, the wives of mis- sionaries, have been set to different fields of labour. Their names will appear in connexion with their missions. Choctaw Mission. — The Rev. J. B. Ramsey and his wife, Mr. O. P. Stark, principal teacher, Mr. H. C. Gardner, teacher, and his wife, Mr. L. Bissel, teacher, Miss E. J. Morrison, assistant, Mr. J. Lathrop, mechanic, and his wife, Mr. J. McLure, steward, and his wife, and Mr. J. S. Betz, carpenter, are now connected with Spencer Academy, a Manual Labour Boarding School, which is supported chiefly by the Choctaw nation. A serious sickness attacked many of the scholars in November last, proving fatal to three of them; and the superintendent, Mr. Ramsey, was also dangerously ill. It became necessary to suspend the duties of the institution for a season. In January, the school was re-opened, and the full number of pupils, which is limited to one hundred, has been probably completed before this time. Their conduct and improvement have been highly gratifying to the Superintendent and Trustees of the Academy. These boys, who are spoken of as highly promising, are now in training for the duties of this life and for the world to come, under very favourable religious influences. This fact will encour- age the people of God to offer fervent prayers on their behalf. Creek and Seminole Mission. — The Rev. R. M. Loughridge, Mr. J. Lilley, teacher, and their wives, are still connected with this mission. The school con- tains eighteen boys and twenty-four girls, of whom twenty-one board in the mis- sion family. The Creeks are now so impressed with the importance of having their children educated, that the applications for admission into the school are more numerous than at any former period. Arrangements are in progress for establish- ing a Manual Labour Boarding School among them. The church contains four- teen native members, and more than two hundred have joined a Temperance Society. Iowa and Sac Mission. — The Rev. Messrs. W. Hamilton and S. M. Irvin, and Mr. F. Irvin, farmer, with their wives, are connected with this mission, the health of Mrs. Hamilton having become so much better as to permit their return to this field of labour. The Boarding School was opened early in the summer, and thirty Iowa children admitted as 1 scholars. The Sacs refuse to send any of their children to the school. The missionaries coniinue to preach the Gospel to these Indians, but meet with great discouragement from the prevalence of intemperance amongst them. The hope of saving these tribes from extinction, seems to be centred in their children, who are now for the first time placed fully under Christian influence. Omahaw and Otoe Mission. — This is a new mission commenced during the year by the Rev. E. McKinney and wife, and Mr. P. Bloohm, formerly of the Iowa mission. Their station is at Bellevue, on the Missouri, near Council Bluffs. The number of the Otoes is 116G; of the Omahaws, 1050. The latter people, particu- larly, are in circumstances of great destitution, which strongly appeal to the bene- volence of the charitable. They are also inclined to receive with favour the instructions of the missionary. Seldom has any effort for the conversion of the Indians been undertaken, where there was a louder call for it. The Gospel alone can save these Indians, and should this mission be withdrawn, or not sufficiently supported, they will soon disappear, and their cry for help be heard no more. Chippewa and Ottawa Mission. — The Rev. P. Dougherty and his wife are now the only missionaries at Grand Traverse Bay, Mr. H. Bradley having, with the consent of the Committee, given up his post as teacher. The school has an average attendance of about thirty scholars. The church numbers twenty native mem- bers; the general prospects of the mission continue to be encouraging. 53* 542 board of foreign Missions. [Appendix. Western Africa. — There are two missions on the western coast of this dark land, one amongst the Kroo people, the other in the American colony. The Kroo Mission has three stations, at which are settled the Rev. J. M. Connelly and his wife, the Rev. J. M. Priest and his wife, Mr. VV. JYIcDonough, teacher, and R. \V. Sawyer, native teacher. In the early part of the year, some opposition to the missionaries was manifested at Settra Kroo, but afterwards a better state of feeling was evinced. The pupils in the Boarding School, after having been reduced to eight scholars, were again increased to thirty. Small schools are also conducted at the other stations. Mr. Connelly has in view a journey into the interior, hoping to find an eligible place for missionary labour among the inland tribes. In the Liberia Mission, there are two stations, one at Monrovia, where the Rev. J. Eden is settled, and the other at Sinoe, now left unoccupied by the death of the Rev. T. Wilson, who was called to his rest. The school at Monrovia has been suspended for the present, and no late accounts have been received concerning the state of the church at that place. The Rev. H. W. Ellis and family, embarked for Monrovia in January. His attainments in learning under unfavourable circum- stances, and his steady and consistent piety, secured for him the confidence of the churches in Alabama and Mississippi, by whose liberality he and his family were redeemed from slavery. He was ordained by the Presbytery of Tuscaloosa, and it is hoped that a life of more than ordinary influence and usefulness is before him in the land of his forefathers. He is commended to the prayers of the churches. India: Lodiana Mission. — The stations of this mission are, Lodiana, Saharun- pur, and Sabathu, — Merat having been relinquished ; and the missionaries are the Rev. Messrs. J. Newton, J. R. Campbell, J. M. Jamieson, J. Porter, L. Janvier, J. Cald- well, J. H. Morrison, and Golok Nath ; and Mr. A. Rudolph, a licentiate preacher ; besides several native assistants. Mr. Jamieson is at present in this country, having returned to provide for the education of his children, but is expecting to go back to his field of labour during this summer. Mr. Campbell has been compelled by the failure of Mrs. Campbell's health, to leave India for a season, and is now on his return home. Mr. Morrison was formerly of the Allahabad Mission, from which he was obliged to withdraw by ill health, but he is permitted aoain to labour in India. Mr. Rudolph was formerly connected with a local Missionary Society in Upper India, from which he brought satisfactory recommendations. He was licensed, and Golok Nath was ordained by the Presbytery of Lodiana. Most of these missionaries are married men. India: Fvrrukhabad Mission. — The stations of this mission are Futtehgurh, Mynpoory and Agra; and the missionaries are the Rev. Messrs. J. Wilson, H. R. Wilson, Jr., M. D., J. L. Scott, J. C. Rankin, W. H. McAuley, J. J. Walsh, and Gopee Nath Nundy, and their wives; and also the Rev. Messrs. D. Irving, and A. H. Seeley and their wives, and Mr. R. M. Munnis.a licentiate preacher, who have probably reached their field of labour, having left Calcutta in February last ; besides four native assistants. The Rev. H. R. Wilson, Jr., and family have re- turned to this country for a season, on account of the continued ill' health of Mrs. Wilson. Mrs. J. Wilson, whose return was mentioned in the last Report, expects to go back to India during this summer. India: Allahabad Mission. — The only station of this mission is the city of Alla- habad, and the missionaries are the Rev. Messrs. J. Warren, J. E. Freeman, J. Owen, and J. Wray, and their wives; besides two native assistants. The labours of the brethren atone of the stations of the Lodiana Mission were interrupted for some time by the war between the Sikhs and the British; but the Lord restrained the wrath of the wicked, and preserved his servants in safety. In the end, the field of direct labour was enlarged, and the missionaries now call loudly to the Church to occupy stations in the country west of the Sutlej, which has been opened for the visits and residence of foreigners. Besides the hindrance caused by this war to the missionary work, in some cases the routine of labour has been modified or suspended by the impaired health of members of the mission families. With these exceptions, the usual departments of missionary duty have been conducted in all the missions; and with more than ordinary encouragement. About 1,000 children and youths are in the schools, of whom 145 are boarded, and A. D. 1817.] BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. 543 303 more are pupils of schools in which the English language is the medium of instruction. At Allahabad, the government having relinquished the charge of the College or High School for the education of native youths in English, it was trans- ferred to the Mission — together with the use of a valuable building. And at Fur- rukhabad, where a similar transfer was made some time since, the Mission acknow- edge the further favour of the government in the gift of about 700 volumes of books for the use of the school. The churches contain upwards of eighty native members, of whom sixteen were admitted during the year. Two natives were ordained as ruling elders. A church and a chapel have been erected at Alla- habad, chiefly by the generous donations of English friends in India. The presses have executed over 13,000,000 of pages of the Holy Scriptures and other works, in four different languages. And these have gone largely into circulation among the natives, having been distributed by the missionaries on their journeys, at the fairs, and at other times in their intercourse with the people. The station at Agra continues to awaken the hope of wide usefulness. And, in general, the seed of the Word of Life has been broadly sown in this field of labour. May the churches have faith to pray for and to expect the dews of heavenly grace to descend and water the seed sown, that it may spring up and " bear fruit, and bring forth, some an hundred fold, some sixty, some thirty." Mission in Sum. — The mission of the Board iR this kingdom, which had been suspended since 1845, is now resumed ; and the Rev. S. Mattoon and his wife, and S. R. House, M. D., who is also a licentiate preacher, left this country in August last, for their future station at Bangkok, the chief city in Siam. The king of this country is one of the main supporters of Buddhism ; but " the king's heart is in the hand of the Lord, as the rivers of water; he turneth it whithersoever he will." Special prayer should be offered unto the Lord for the king of Siam, that his heart may be turned unto the cross of Christ. The brethren appointed to this mission reached Canton on their way to Bang- kok, about the end of December. China : Canton Mission. — The Rev. Messrs. A. P. Happer, M. D., J. W French, and W. Speer and his wife, are connected with this mission, and stationer for the present at Macao — Messrs. French and Speer having arrived at that place on the 26th of December. A boarding-school of nineteen boys, under Mr. Hap- per's care, has given much encouragement to its superintendent. The city of Canton is regarded as the proper seat of this mission; but considerable difficulty has been found in procuring suitable houses, owing to the prejudices and violence of the people of that city against foreigners. China: Amoy Mission. — The Rev. Messrs. J. Lloyd and H. A. Brown are sta- tioned at Amoy. An affection of the eyes has hindered their progress in learning the language, which is still the chief occupation of the missionaries of the Board in China; but the brethren enjoyed excellent opportunities of intercourse with the people of this city and the neighbouring villages, and of distributing religious pub- lications among them. In a house rented for a chapel, they have commenced reli- gious services, which were well attended. China: Ningpo Mission. — The Rev. Messrs. W. M. Lowrie, M. S. Culbortson, A. W. Loomis, R. Q. Way, and J. W. Quarterman ; D. B. McCartee, M. D. ; Mr. R. Cole, printer; and Mrs. Culbertson, Mrs. Loomis, Mrs. Way, and Mrs. Cole, are stationed at Ningpo, Mr. Quarterman having joined the mission during the last year. The temporary station at Tinghai, Chusan, was necessarily relin- quished when that island was restored by the British to the Chinese. The mis- sionaries, though not yet perfectly at home in the native language, have been able to impart much religious instruction to the people in their daily intercourse with them; and three stated religious services are conducted on the Lord's day, in a city where a few years ago no one was permitted to publish salvation. Two per- sons have been admitted to the church, which now consists of twelve members. The school contains thirty boys, who are supported chiefly at the expense of the mission, and efforts are in progress to form a school for girls. Numerous opportu- nities occur for medical practice among the natives, which is a valuable auxiliary 544 board of foreign missions. [Appendix. to the missionaries in their main work, the gift of healing for their spiritual mala- dies. The printing press is efficiently at work. Of twelve publications, 1,210,000 pages were printed. The educated Chinese express much admiration at the beauty of the work printed with the metallic types, which only are used at this press. The missionaries make an urgent appeal for six more missionaries. To give the gospel to the people of China is a great work, requiring efficient agencies, and a large measure of faith and of the spirit of prayer on the part of the Church. The missions of the Board in that field, now fairly commenced, are full of promise; but the harvest truly is plenteous, while the labourers are few. "Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest that he will send forth labourers into his harvest." Papal Europe. — The work of evangelization in many parts of France and other European countries, appears to be attended with a manifest blessing from on high. The evangelists and colporteurs of the Evangelical Societies of France and of Geneva meet with great encouragement in their intercourse with the people. Many hopeful conversions are reported; and large numbers, wearied with the bur- densome religion of Rome, are ready for almost any change. Under the preach- ing of the gospel, they would embrace the way of life. The sum of -$3,002 has been remitted to the Societies above-mentioned, and the churches are entreated to take a deeper interest in the work of grace which is now in progress in those Romanist countries. The Jews. — The Rev. M. R. Miller is pursuing the study of Rabbinical He- brew and of the German language, in the city of New York, where he enjoys excellent opportunities of holding religious conversations with many Jews. Their number in this country is rapidly increasing, and thus far there appears to be an open door for missionary labour amongst them. Concluding Remarks. — The Report concludes with stating, 1. That a larger number of labourers have been sent into the field than during any former year. 2. That it is the privilege of the Church to support the work of foreign missions, as shown by their happy influence on her own piety. 3. That great deficiency is manifest in the pecuniary support of this work, as evinced by the fact that many ehurches and church members have made no contribution in the year for its advancement. The Board can make no farther progress, without increased pecu- niary means. 4. That without the Divine blessing, all will be in vain. "Our greatest wants are, more of the spirit of believing prayer, more humility in the sight of God, stronger faith in the Divine promises, and more of the spirit of Christ." STANDING RULE. In the Minutes of the General Assembly for the year 1S21, is the following im- portant rule, which was adopted by the Assembly. "An overture from the Synod of North Carolina was received and read, and is as follows: viz. " Whereas the General Assembly is the highest and most important judicatory of the Presbyterian Church; and whereas to obtain the Divine blessing on that judicatory must appear, to every Christian of our denomination, to be a matter of the utmost moment ; therefore, " Resolved, That this Synod do respectively suggest to the General Assembly the propriety of recommending to all the churches under their care, to observe, annually, the afternoon or evening previous to the meeting of that body, as a sea- son of special prayer to Almighty God for his blessing ; that he would, of his inti- nite mercy, condescend to superintend and direct all their measures, deliberations, and decisions; so that all may redound to the promotion of His own glory, and the general prosperity of that particular Church to which we belong." A. D. 1847.] notices. 545 TO THE STATED CLERKS OF SYNODS. It is the duty of the Stated Clerks of the respective Synods, to send up to the Stated Clerk of the General Assembly an annual report, stating, in brief, the num- ber of Presbyteries, ministers, churches, licentiates, and candidates within their bounds, and particularly all changes which may have been made in the arrange- ment of Presbyteries. By the Assembly of 1841, (see p. 425,) it has been made their duty also to transmit to the Stated Clerk of the Assembly, the time and place of meetings of their respective Synods. THE STATED CLERKS OF PRESBYTERIES Are earnestly requested, 1. To make their Annual Reports, if they have no printed blanks, after the form on page 54G of these minutes; 2. To make them in lair legible writing, especially the figures; 3. To make them as full and accurate as possible ; 4. To report, as the Assembly has ordered, no cents, except in the Contingent Fund; 5. To add up with care the several columns; 6. To append to the Statistical Table, a succinct account of the changes in their respective Presbyteries during the year; and 7. To transmit their Reports as early as practicable after the spring meetings of Presbyteries. • Compliance with these requests, while it will be to each Clerk of Presbytery, but a small thing, will relieve the Stated Clerk of the General Assembly from a serious amount of perplexity and labour. THE CONTINGENT FUND. It lias become imperative that the churches should contribute more generally and liberally to this Fund. It is now more than exhausted, while some of the cur- rent expenses of the General Assembly, are unpaid. As the result, the Stated Clerk is subjected to no little embarrassment. It is neither generous nor just that it should be so. Our church has wealth enough to enable the General Assembly to meet with promptness, all its annual expenditures. It may be thought that the amount, reported as collected for the Contingent Fund, should be sufficient for this purpose. And so it would be, or nearly so, if that amount were actually paid. But this is not the case. Small as the amount is, re- ported this year, it is considerably larger than has come into the Treasury, i. e. of the General Assembly. The Stated Clerk can account for this, only by supposing, that money collected for Presbyterial Contingent Funds is sometimes reported in- discriminately with that for the Contingent Fund of the Assembly. It is hoped that Churches and Presbyteries will not fail to attend to this matter. [See Min- utes, p. 394.] REGULATION RESPECTING THE MINUTES. Adopted by the Assemblies of 1836 and 1837, and directed to be re-published in the Appendix to the Minutes. "Each Presbytery shall forward to the Treasurer, for the Contingent Fund of the Assembly, at or before the meeting of the Assembly in each year, a sum equal to fifty cents for each member of the Presbytery, and for any licentiate or other person who shall desire the Minutes, and whose post-office address shall be given. And the Stated Clerk shall not forward the Minutes to the members of any Presbytery from which no such remittance shall be made, but only to the Stated Clerk of such Presbytery, and to such members as shall forward the sum above stated." 546 © S3 © o3 o K 0j H— 1 ,S3 hH tH o EH fa a cd tf <1 ^3 O ,-H S3 o3 c3 © *-* p^ © J O <: © J3 O £3 w *" e3 H >h §.S W © o3 C+-, O 3 >o © >> rfi 03 <0 ■— T> P* cd 0. cj H-a FORM OF PRESBYTERIAL REPORT. -a £ c CD *o D CD a 3 fa •suouoa[[03 snoauE[iaos|j\[ •pun^ luaSuijuo^ •punj t sw -uoissiuiuio3 •sauBinuiag •Sopaq'j, aoj pasiBi spunj •uoiyBOijqnj; •uopBonpg . 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> o ™ o r5 .H t" cd _- w H m bo g m 1 ^ < cd ( 547 ) BEQUESTS. FORM OF A DEVISE OR BEQUEST TO THE BOARD OF PUBLICATION. I give, devise and bequeath to Alexander W. Mitchell, M. D., of the city of Philadelphia, in the state of Pennsylvania, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, the sum of , in trust nevertheless for the Presbyterian Board of Publication, constituted by the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, at their sessions held at Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty eight, to be applied by the said Board to the uses and purposes for which the said Board was so as aforesaid established. FORM OF A DEVISE OR BEQUEST TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. I give and devise to the Trustees of the Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, the sum of , to be applied by said Board to the Education of Pious and Indigent Young Men for the Gospel Ministry. FORM OF A DEVISE OR BEQUEST TO THE BOARD OF DOMESTIC MISSIONS. To the Trustees of the Board of Missions of the General Assembly of the Pres- byterian Church in the United States of America, and to their successors and as- signs, I give and bequeath the sum of , or I devise a certain mes- suage and tract of land, &c, to be held by the said Trustees and their successors for ever, to and for the uses, and under the direction of the said Board of Missions of the said General Assembly according to the provisions of their charter. FORM OF A BEQUEST TO THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. I bequeath to my Executors the sum of dollars in trust to pay over the same in after my decease, to the person who, when the same shall be payable, shall act as Treasurer of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, to be applied to the uses and purposes of said Board, and under its direction, and the receipt of the said Treasurer shall be a full and legal acquittance of my said Executors for the same. 0^7= When bequests are made to the respective Boards, let the foregoing forms be carefully observed. Legacies are often lost to the cause which the testator de- signs to aid, by a defect in the will. When real estate or other property is to be given, let it be particularly described. PRESBYTERIAN PERIODICALS. Names. Biblical Repertory, The Presbyterian, Watchman and Observer, Presbyterian Advocate, Presbyterian Herald, Presbyterian of the West, Missionary Chronicle, Where published. Philadelphia, Philadelphia ) and N. York. \ Richmond, Ya. Pittsburgh, Pa. Louisville, Ky. Cincinnati, O. New York, Foreign Missionary, New York, Herald of Religious Liberty, St. Louis, Mo. New Orleans Protestant, New Orleans, Time of Pub. Editors. Quarterly, By an Association. Saturday, Wm. M. Engles, D. D. Thursday, Rev. B. Gildersleeve. Wednesday, Rev. Wm. Annan. Thursday, Rev. Messrs. Hill &, Lawrence. Thursday, Rev. Messrs. Rice & Wilson. Monthly, Presb. Board of For. Missions and Board of Missions. Monthly, Presb. Board of For. Missions. Thursday, An Association. Saturday, Rev. Messrs. Beadle & Rice. 548 INDEX. Appeal of Rev. C. Nicoll, referred. 376; dis- missed, 381; of John Cathey, 400. Assembly General, organization of, 369-373; place of next meeting of, 374; overtures for reducing, 378 ; thanks to citizens of Richmond and others, 492; dissolution of, 405. Boards of the Church, order for hearing re- ports of, 373-374; committee of examina- tion of, 405. Church, St. James, offer of, 374; committee on erection of in city of Washington, 380; report of committee, 400. Clerks, report of, on overture from West Hanover Presbytery, 3S0 ; appointed to se- lect papers for Appendix to Minutes, 400 ; report of, 404 ; succession of, 429. Commissions Judicial, report of committee on, presented, 378-379 ; read, 3S2 ; action of Assembly on, 384; Committees, Standing, appointed, 374-375. Complaint of Rev. Mr. Smylie, received, 375 ; report of committee on, 3S5-3S6 ; action of Assembly on, 3S6; of Rev. C. Mclver, taken up, 384-385; action of Assembly on, 395, 396. Correspondence Foreign, letters from Ireland and Scotland received, 375 ; answers to, reported, 3S4; adopted, 3S6. Delegates, from corresponding bodies, 372 ; to, reports from, 409-412; appointed to, 379. Demission of Pastoral Office, subject of com- mitted, 376 ; report of committee, 398-399. Education, Report of Board of received, 393 ; resolutions on, 396, 397; directors of elect- ed, 402; abstract of report of in Appendix. Exercises Devotional, reports of committee on, 379-380, 3S2-394. Finance, report of committee on, 3S3. Fund, Boudinot, resolution in reference to, 389. Fund, Commissioners, committee on, ap- pointed, 391; report of, 395. Fund Contingent, committee to consider how it may be increased, 383; report of, 394. Inquiry, from Synod of Mississippi, 377 ; from Presbytery of Miami, 377. Latta, Rev. Dr., minute in reference to death of, 377. Marriage, resolution on, laid on the table, 396 ; proposal to alter Confession of Faith, respecting, 397-398. Memorial from Presbytery of Louisiana on power of Synods, committed, 376 ; from Presbytery of St. Louis respecting German population, 377. Memphis, subject of new synod of, commit- ted, 376; resolutions concerning, 378. Mileage, report of committee on, 3S9. Minutes, printed, from 17S9 to 1820, pre- sented, 373; of General Synod ofR. P. D. Church, 375; of German Reformed Synod, 387. Missions, Report of Board of Foreign, pre- sented, 381; vacancies in Foreign Board, filled, 38S ; resolutions on report of, 391! abstract of report in Appendix, 540. Missions Domestic, Report of Board of, read, 383; members of Board of, elected, 387; report of committee on, 3SS; abstract of report of, in Appendix, 538. Moderators of General Assembly, succession of, 428. Overtures, from Presbytery of Palmyra, Tho- mas R. Lee, Presbytery of Mississippi, Synods of Philadelphia and New Jersey, Presbytery of Oxford, and Presbytery of Louisiana, and action of Assembly on them, 401-402. Popery, sermon on, requested for publication, 3S9; preacher of for next year, elected, 400. Population coloured, sermon on religious in- struction of, 403 ; resolutions on the sub- ject, 403. Presbyteries, statistical reports of, 432, 526. Protest, of Berry and others, 404; answer to, 404. Publication, Report of Board of, read, 3S9 ; resolutions of Assembly on, 400-401; mem- bers of Board elected, 402; abstract of re- port in Appendix, 532 Records Synodical, of Albany, Illinois, New York, New Jersey, and Missouri, reports on, 380; of Wheeling, Pittsburg, Ohio, West Tennessee, and reports on, 381; of Mississippi, Philadelphia, Georgia, Ken- tucky, reports on, 3S2; of Virginia, report on, 383; of Northern Indiana, Buffalo, re- ports on, 386 ; of Alabama, South Carolina, reports on, 3S9 ; of Cincinnati, Indiana, reports on, 393; of North Carolina, report on, 398; exceptions to, of N. Indiana, 398. Religion, Narrative of the State of, read, 403-404; in Appendix, 406-409. Schools Parochial, action on overture from Synod of New Jersey, respecting, 377; Re- port of Board of Education on, 379 ; action of Assembly on report, 399-400. Seminaries Theological ; Western, report of directors of, read, 374; directors of elect- ed, 376; memorials for removal of, 377; report of trustees of, read, 3S3 ; report of committee on report of directors of, 3S9, 390; action of Assembly on, 39S ; resolu- tions on report of trustees of, 395 ; reports in Appendix, 414-416; charter of, 416- 41S; Union, report of read, 376; approv- ed, 379; in Appendix, 412-413; Princeton, reports of directors and trustees of, read, 381; approved, 3S7-3S9; directors of, elect- ed, 393 ; reports in Appendix, 419-423. Synods, General View of, 430-431. Treasurer. Report of read, 375; in Appen- dix, 424-427. Union Christian, memorials relating to, 37S ; subject committed, 3S0; report of commit- tee on, 392-393; committee of conference on, appointed, 396. View, Summary, 527-530; General, 531. War, resolutions on, 403. t L. A i 7 ^ ■ 8ai A / , r V- Lfe :: ^£ \#- w- ■r