True and Particular ^ NARRATIVE of the late Strange REVOLUTIONS A T I N South-Weft BARB ARY. Now Pofiefied by a Marabuto , or reputed Saint . including A Succinft Description of that Maritime Town, its Inhabitants,’ Commerce, &c. As alfo, what has occurr’d there molt remarkable lince the Death of Midey IJhmaeL [Written by a Gentleman there Refident, and now firft faithfully Etigttjtid from the Spanijh Original. To which are prefixed, A veiy cxaft PLAN of the Place, taken on the Spot ; And a Hiftorical Introduction to the Whole. LO NT) O N: Printed for J. W i lford, at the Three Flower de Luces , behind the Chafter-Houfe in St. ‘Paul's Church-Lard ; And Sold by W. Osborn, it} the Great-Garden, near White-Chapel-Church , 1737. Price One Stilling- ' (i) INTRODUCTION, /IG AD ER * AGUER, which the Europeans call Santa-Cmz , tJL i. c. Holy- Croft , is a Town of Modern Fabric* Nor can I any where find that the Spot of Ground whereon it itands was ever ac- tually inhabited till the Bcgining of the XVIth Century. Then, or very loon before, in the Reign of c JJon Manuel , King of Portugal \ a certain Rortuguefe Adventurer undertook to fettle there, on Account of the great Quantity of excellent Fifh thereabouts, and found Means to build himfelf a Timber Fort or Cattle, which he garifoned with his Followers; nam- ing his Settlement. Sauta-Cruz, (as above) his African Neighbours cal- ling it Dar al Rumi y or the Chrtfiian Houje . But it was not long before that enterprifing Prince, Don Manuel , hav- ing been made fenfible of the great importance this Place would be to the Navigation of thole Seas, and to his proje&ed Conqueftof theTingitanian Mauritania (for fo all thefe Countries fliould be called, and not Barbary , cither South or thefts as improperly they are , took it into his own Hands, ramburfing to that Adventurer all his Expenfe, . and making him other Gratifications. Santa-Critz being thus annexed to the Rortuguefe Diadem, it was foon Enlarged, Fortified and well Inhabited: And as thole Quarters were at that Time divided among feveral Petty Sovereigns, generally at Variance, the new Colony (as did alio others on the lathe Continent) had Opportunity of taking firm Footing, and to draw over Tome Thoufandsof Malecon- tents, Arabs and Moors; who, in order to be revenged on their rcfpe&ive Adverfaries, fwore Allegiance to hi s Tor tuff eje Majetty; and many of themferved him but too faithfully, for a goodNumber of Years, almott to the Deftru&ion and Depopulation of their Native Land : For by their con- ttantiy accompanying and aififting the Chrijtian Garifons in their frequent Incurnons, twenty, thirty, nay forty Leagues up into the Country, Mul- titudes of People were made Slaves, and paffed over to Europe , befides other valuable Booty. And indeed, under the Aufpices of this Doit Manuel , hi sRortuguefes lo well ettablifhed themfdves on the: African Coaft, that they bid fair for the ere&ing a very confiderable Sovereignty there, had not the Sheri fan FarniF ftarted up as it did, and the Rortu - guefes been at length otherwife diverted by their going in Quett of new Worlds in the Iatdy-difcovered America . a It * Raiber Av»ef, au/werab/e to our Fromwciation* ( u) It would be too tedious, and not very material, to relate the many In- counters which thofe of Santa-Cruz, had with the two victorious Sheriff with various Succcfs. I fhall therefore content myfclf with obferving, that not long after Mu/ey Mahammed , the younger, and abundantly more Martial of thole ambitious Saints (for fuch they had found Means to be reputed; had pofleffed himfelf of Tarndant (among his other Conquefls) and made it his Royal Scat, his high Spirit could not brook being dai- ly inlulted by that Handful of Thrift ians , in a Manner under his very Nofe, and almoft within Sight of his Palace. Befides, he judged it be- hoved him to undertake fome fuch Exploit againft the Enemies of his Creeds in order to maintain the great Opinion which his new Subjects had" conceived of his Prowefs : So he determined on removing thofe his auda- cious Neighbors. With this "View, at the Begining'of 1 5:3d, he raifed 5oooo*Men, Horfe and Foot, with which Army, under the Conduft of his eldeft Son, Mu- ley Ha me d al Harran , this’ Garifon was inverted from Sea to Sea,* as we learn from Marmol. ‘The General of that Frontier, SDon Gmiero de Montroy , having had Notice of the Sheriffs Intention, filled not prepar- ing for his Reception ; yet he was fo little apprehenfive of the menaced Siege, that he wrote to the King his Sovereign, That the Enemy was too in conquerable to be dreaded ; and therefore he defired no Succours of Men, but only afufficient Supply of Ammunition andProvilions for thofe of his Garifon ; accompanying his Letter with a Number of Moors and Arabs , painted to the Life, half naked, with each two or three Javelins, or fuch-like Weapons, to fliew his Majefly what Enemies he had to deal with. A defpifed Adverfary often gets the Better, and this arrogant Tor- tiignefe had Rcafon to repent of his Procedure. The provident Sheri f had „ not forgot to fend Cannon, and fome expert Renegadoes to manage them, who foon opened a tolerable Breach : But, as the Chrijlians made a flout Dcfenfe, and the Befiegers were not much uled to that Sort of Warfare, the S her if prefently loft 2000 Men in the firft Attacks. This’ io terrified the Africans , that neither Force nor Perfuafion could induce them to make any more A (faults • Whereupon the Sheriff already there • in Perfon) rightly, judged, that he inuft have RecOurfe to (ome other Me- * t rhod, than only feuding lus People to'be/ftaugliter^d in t^c Bre^th. * - i/J Accordingly, he propofed a Truce forT\V i- cans recovered their Spirits, and in Multitudes, headed by the young S/se- rif, haftened up to the new Breach, before the aftenifhed Tortngnejes had Time to apply a proper Remedy to the unthought of Damage. How- ever, the old Soldiers ran to receive them as beft they could ; but as there was not Room enough upon the Ramparts for all of them, many were forced to ftand expofed to the Shot of thofe in the She rtfs new Fort on the Hill, who inftantly took off a good Number ; And as fomc of them ran towards the Sea, in order to flicker themfelvcs behind certain Build- ings, juft as the Barbanans were making their Attack with the utrnoft Fury and Nojib,: which the new Soldiers hearing, and withal cbierving thole flying Chriftiaus , they imagined the Enemy had actually forced a Paffage and entered the Town; whereupon feveral in ftrenge Confuiion let themfdves down from the Battlements, hoping to get on Board the Veifels there at Anchor. Thefe were prelentiy followed by others, till all thofe Recruits had abandoned the Place, leaving the brave Veterans valiantly defending the Breaches and Batteries ; till, being moft of them killed, and many wounded, the unhappy Remnant, wearied with Fatigue, were forced to yield to their adverle Fortune, and retire into Places of better Defenfe. The Barbarians, finding no farther Oppofiti- * on, poured into the Town, flaughtering all they met with, even Women and Children, following thofe wretched Fugitives as they were fwiming towards their Ships, of whom they killed many in the Water. The Ge- neral, Don G utter o , with his Son, Daughter, and feveral Principal Of- ficers and Gentlemen, withdrew into the ftrong Tower, called Del 0- rnenage , and on Condition of having their Lives fpared,thcy yielded them- feives Captives. Don Gutter os Son- in-Law, Juan de Carvalho , is reported t.hat Day to have done Wonders. He had retired into a Tower, the Entrance', .whereof he moft obftintely defended, after the Door was burft open, lay- ing ing about him with a two-handed Sword, with which he actually, mowed down thirty of the forwardeft of his Affailants : When at length having both Legs difabled, being Ham-ftrung, he fought a confiderable while on his Knees ; and none daring to venture within his Reach, he was finally wounded to Death, with feveral Javelins thrown at a Diftancc. This gallant Gentleman was married to Dona Mencia de Montroy , the General’s Daughter, a fine accomplifhed Lady, of whofe Adventures Marmol gives us the fubfequent remarkable Account.- Dona Mencia ^ with her Father and Brother, were fent away to Tarn- dant by the victorious Sheriff who was not long in following them. Ar- riving at his Palace, he ordered that young Widow, who was very grace- ful and perfectly agreeable, to be conducted into his Apartment, and was at firft Sight fo taken with her, that he immediately made her a warm Tender of his AffeCtion. But fhe fhewing herfelf utterly averfe to his Attempts, and, when Hie found W ords and Arguments would not avail, making a vigorous Refiftance,. and even going fo far as to ftrike him feveral Blows on the Face, he was fo incenled that calling in one of his Black Eunuchs, he ordered him to drag her away to a Bagnio, and there to fiiut her up with two of the uglieft and moft hideoufly deformed Negroes he could pick out, that they might do with her as they would, till they were weary. This (tho’, feemingly, the Sherif did it purely to frighten her into a- Compliance) had its EfteCt : For, rather than undergo fuch villanous Treat- ment, fhe agreed to be at the Barbarians Devotion ; but on Conditi- on, that fhe fhould not be obliged to renounce her Creed, and that he fhould make her his lawful Wife. He complied with her Defires, and actually efpoufed her in due Form, and ranked her with his former Waves, fhe ftill profeffing herfelf a Chrifttan. Nay, this Author adds, that the Sherif was foon after obferved to eat, and do divers other Things, after the Chrijiians Manner, very different from what was praCtifed by Moors , and fo continued for a confiderable Time, which occafioned great Murmur- ings among his People. But at length, oh his triumphantEntry mtoTaritdatu , after the great Battel at Mafcoratan fa Plain fo named; bringing with him Prifoner his Brother, Muley Hamed, intimating to her, theft it would highly oblige him, if fhe would only fay fhe was a Mufulman, or Mohammedan , fince he was ill-looked on for having publicly, efpoufed a Chfifl'um: ■ She (being already pregnant) was willing to gratify him ; and fo declared b herfelf ( vi ) herfelf to be his Convert, and he gave her the Name of Aalia. Not long after fhe brought him a Son : But a Report was current, that the Sheafs other Wives foon made away both Mother and Child by Poifon, becaufe, on Account of his Love to her, he had quite forborn favouring them with any of his Benevolence. It was likewife affirmed (doubtlefs by true Catholics) that Dona Mencia , or Leila Anita, a little before fhe died, fent for divers Cbrifiiau Captives, belonging to the Sheriff and in their Prelence made a formal Proteftation, That fhe had always been a Chrifiian , and would die in the Holy Faith of Jesus Christ, and fup- plicating the Almighty to pardon her Errors. “ That it had not been “ in her Power to excufe herfelf from complying with the Sheri fs Defire, tc of her faying fhe was a Moor, on certain Confiderations which tended “ to the Benefit of many People, and more particularly to procure the tc Liberty of her Captive Father; conjuring them, whereloever they were “ to publifh this her Declaration.” In Effedt, the Sherif when he took Santa-Cru z, had prefented Don Gutiero de Montroy, her Father, to his Brother Mutey Hamed, then King of Morocco : Butthofe Brothers quar- relling, allj Dona Mencias Efforts for her Father’s Releafe proved fruitlefs, till the Reduction of Morocco, that famous Capital, which on Muley Ha- med' s being made Prifoner, was foon effected ; and then indeed the Sherif generoufly performed the Promife which he had fo often made to his belov- ed Leila Aaulia , and finally, when fhe was leaving the World : For he not only gave him his Liberty, but alfo, at his Requeft, releafed feveral other Gentlemen, with whom, and a handfome Sum of Money, with fome fine Horfes, and other noble Prefents, he fent them away for Tortuga!, tho’ the Perfon for whofe Sake he did all was already defundt. Thus did Santa-Crtiz fall into the Hands of the Moors, by whom it has ever fince been pofTefled. The Lofs of this important Place, adds my Sfanijh Author, proved extremely prejudicial to the Torttiguife Na- vigation to and from Guinea and the Indies ; becaufe it was much refotr- ed to by Englijh, French, and other Enemies, whofe Ships ufed to flip out thence, taking and plundering the Tortitguefes as they were paffing : Nay, more than this, they fupplyed thofe Barbarians with Cannon, Powder, Shot, and other Warlike Stores, to the unfpeakable Detriment of Chriflendom. And here it may not be amifs if I borrow fomewhat to our Purpofe from the Sieur Mouette , a curious and diligent French Writer, who pub- lifhed ( vii ) lifted the Narrative of his Eleven Years Captivity, with many ufeful Obfervations, in 1683. The Account he gives of the Maritime Places in thefe Parts of Mauritania is to this Purport: viz. To begin with Te- tuan or Tetoun ; it lies near the Mediterranean , feven Leagues within the Streighto i Gibraltar, and more than two Leagues from the Shore. They go up to it by a little River, called Martin , whofe Mouth is clogged by a very incommodious Bank of Sand, infomuch, that all Veffels going thither to Trade, even fmall Barks, muft neceffarily, at entring and re- turning, unload their Goods ; the greater Ships remaining in the Road or Bay, from whence the Eaft Wind very often obliges them to haften away, either to Tangier or Gibraltar , for Shelter againft its Fury. Arzilla is a little Town, without the Streight, handing on a Rock clofe by the Sea, at the Foot whereof is a Point which ferves it for a Port to receive Tifting-Barks, and a few fmall Traders, who fometimes re- fort thither. Al-Cafr (improperly named Akajfar) diftant thence feven Leagues, 1 lies along by the River Locous , five Leagues above Al-Areifh (not Ala- rache , as mifnamed by Europeans') which, belonging [then] to the Spa- niards^ guards the Entrance of that River. To the North of this, twelve Leagues, is the River Taguedarte , whofe Mouth is twelve or thirteen • Feet deep at High Water, and is where the ‘Provenfat Barks which Traded to Al-Cafr , ufed to load and unload their Merchandife going and coming by Land, on Mules and Camels, till Al-Areijh was recovered from fte Spaniards ; but when that was I do not now remember. Mamora , taken likewife from the Spaniards , in 1681, by Muley Iflj- mael, ftands at the Entrance of the River Sebou, which is twenty-one Feet deep at High Water. This is the moft commodious Place for Com- merce in the whole Kingdom of Fez, .the River being capable of receiv- ing Ships of three hundred Tuns, with their Lading. . Muley IJhmael had Thoughts of building a Town on each Side of this River, and to have made it a Neft of Pyrates, as certainly he might eafily have done, efpe- - dally as it would have been very near, a fine and large Foreft, wherein is great Abundance of good Timber-Trees proper for Ship-building, and in a very fertile Country. 1 know net what diverted that Tyrant from profecuting his Defign. Si/la/j '■ ( viii ) Sill ah (or 'Sallee as we call it) not far diftant, is the Place of Refidence for the Englijh, French and Dutch Confuls, with the Chrifiian and Jew- ijh Merchants who come from Europe : And here it is where, hitherto, the chief Trade of this whole Country has been carried on. The En- trance of the River Gtierou, whereon the Town hands fituate, ispaffably good, notwithstanding it has a Bar, or Sandy-Bank, which frequently changes its Bed, but more efpecially when the Weft and North-Weft Winds are violent. Thefe Confuls and Merchants inrich thernfelves. greatly by fuch Booty as theCorfairs take at Sea from Chtijlians , and which they buy at a very low Rate, in- order to fend their Purchafe back into Europe, and make perhaps goofier Cent Profit. I mean, adds he, fuch Goods as are not current, or wanted among the Moors ; fuch as al- moft all the Merchandife which goes to America, together with all Wines, Brandies, Oils, Beer, falted Flefh and FiSh, with others of a like Sort. This Author charges them likewife with fecreting and making Profit of Monies remitted to them for the Redemption 'of Slaves, while thofe mif- erable Wretches lye languishing under a moll infupportable Captivity,- which if true, is a moll Shameful Traffic. Azamor , lying thirty Leagues South of Sillah, or Sallee, is- a Place of little Trade, becaufe of a Sand Bank which almoft quite Shuts up the Entrance into the fine River Umarbea , whereon it ftands: Only the fmalleft Barks can poffibly enter. • Safi a, or rather Asfi , thirty Leagues South of Azamor , lying clofe by the Sea, and Mouth of the River Goudet , is\ a Place of considerable Commerce, coming little Short of Sallee. Both thefe did alfo belong to the Tortnguejes. But Agader Aguer, or S anta-Cruz (ftill more to the South) furpalfes them all, adds my Author becaufe the Commodities brought from thence are of greater Importance, and turn to better Account in Eu- rope. — Doubtlefs he means Gold-Duft, Copper, Wax, @c. I might have inlarged ; but it is now high Time to conclude this Introduction. AN A N ACC N T OF THE Uncommon REVOLUTION S IN THE City of Sant a 'Cruz, in Africa . In January , 1737* ANTA-CRUZ is a City of Africa, in the King- dom of Sus, fubjed to the Emperor of Fez and Mo- rocco-, fituate in a temperate Air, on a Mountain di- ftant about half a League from the Sea, in the Lett* of 30 Degrees, 35 Minutes, 7 Leagues diftant from the Cabo de Guerra, 6 c from M ante cos, 140 from Fez, and 150 from Miquenes* It is in Circumference, about three quarters of a Mile, of a Square form, (the four Sides facing the four Quarters of the World.) On the Eaft fide, it has a fpacious Plain of Sand, on the IVeft, the Sea^ and about ' B a a League off the City to the North ,. a (mail Vill age of about twenty Inhabi- tants, and on the South fide is its Entrance, oppofite to the Mount of Tyldc. It is encompaffcd with Walls, defended by Seven Baftions, with Artil- lery carrying Balls from four to fix Pounds, and altho’ there are alfo fome from Sixteen to Twenty four Pounds, and Culverins, yet they wanting War- like Stores, and Gunners to manage them, they are fullered to lie on the Ground half buried, and lo are of no Service. The W alls indeed are but weak, yet of Strength, efficient for the Defence of the City, againft their Neighbouring Enemies, they having neither Can- non nor Gunners to manage them, which if they had, it would be no hard Matter eafily and quickly to make a Breach in them wide enough to enter the City. If is a City of confiderable Trade, by re a foil of the great Quantity of Copper, with which the Mines abound, which are diftant about Thirty Leagues from it, and Three from Tafilet , to the Inhabitants of which latter Place thefe Mines belong. The City alfo is plentifully ftored with various o- ther Merchandizes, as Wax, which they have from HajaSexit and Morocco, preferable in Goodnefs to all others ; alfo Morocco Leather, tho’ this laft is much inferior to that of Fez ; alfo yellow Leather of TafUet , Almonds, Gum Arabick, Oftrich-Feathers, and Salt-Petre, tho' this laft is not fo good as that of the Eafi~Ind'ies ; yet it is not exported without Difficulty, it being contraband. In this City is a great Confumption of moft Sorts of Merchandizes from Europe, Afia and other Parts of Africa , being brought by the Caravans, which bring Gold Duft to purchafe them. Likewife great Quantities of Iron, and Leather from Bnenos-Ayres Mufquets, Swords, &c. are daily fold here. As for the People, they are for the moft part of a Tawny, Sun burnt Com- plexion, fpare and lean in Body, but aftive, ftrong and capable to undergo any Labour, and fuffer Hardfhips, pretty good Oeconomifts, not much addic- ted to Prodigality, Vanity and Pride, but are dextrous, and acute in their Trade and Bufinefs. A s for their Habit, the Merchants and People of Faihion wear Shirts ; and as for the Mountaineers, they do not deny themlelves leveral Yards of Linnen for their Shrowds, by reafon of which great Quantities of this Commodity, of the moft ordinary Sort is vended here; The Habit of the common People, which they call Alguifel does for the moft part confift only of three or four yards of Rug or Cloth, of a yard or yard and half in Breadth, in which they wrap themfelves. As for Religion, they are generally Mahometans , having for their Great Trophet Mahomet (as they ftile him) a great Veneration, as they have alfo for ( 3 ) for all thole whom they Account Saints, and in their Prayers are very Zea- lous, faying them five times a Day, and feem to be zealoully religious, efpe- dally when Religion does not interfere with their intcreflv As to their Manners, they are exceeding jealous of their Wives, but prone enough to enjoy thole of other Men ; they are great Oeconomifts in their Ex- pences, averfe to giving, but very defirous of receiving. As to their 'Government, it was Monarchical, under the Emperor, till the Death of Mulah IJmael which happened in the Year 1728, but afterwards, tho' he was fiicceded in the Throne by his Son Muly Hamed IJaaby^ the People freed themfelves from the Yoke of his Government, renouncing Obe- dience to their Sovereign, and taking the Reins of it into their own Hands* feizing the royal Rents of the Port, and dividing them among themfelves. Two of the principal Citizens, the one named Waneim , and the other Mahomed BufidAturquy , took the Adminiflration into their own* Hands, ma- king a certain Moor of the City named SalahUmefah their Secretary and At fiitant, but this form of Government lafted but four Years uninterrupted; for Muly ‘IDaaby dying in the Year 1732, and Malay Abdala his Succdfor hav- ing rendred himfelf odious to the People by his Cruelties, was dethroned by the Negroes, who elefted Sidy Mahmed el Ariba in his Stead ; but not- withftanding, Malay Abdala had been dethroned, yet he being received in Mantecos for theirS overeign, and having raifed an Army, and Marching to this City, obliged the Inhabitants to acknowledge him for their Soveriegn, and alfo to pay a large Sum of Money in Lieu of the royal Rents of the Port that they had ufurp’d during the time of their Rebellion. Malay Abdala having procured himfelf to be • ackowledged here, he marched his Forces to Miquenes agajnft Sidy Mahmed elAriba , his Competi- tor, who upon his Approach abfconded; but his Succefs was but of fEort; Continuance, he being obliged foon after to retire from Miquenes. The News of this being brought to Santa-Cruz , the Inhabitants re-affum- ed their former Liberty and form of Government, but the cruel Difpofition and barbarous Cruelties of Bufid^ had tendered him fo odious and hate- ful to the Citizens in General, but efpecially to the great Men, who thinking themfelves to have as good a Title to be concerned in the Adminiftration of the Government as he and his Collegue Waneim (which two had engrofs’d it wholly to themfelves) it was unanimoufly agreed among them, to procure . Bufid to be Alfalfmated, which Defign they put inExecurion on the 1 6th Day of January , 1737, having firft carried him out of the City, and tho’ his Col- legue was not lo much hated as he, not being of fo cruel a Difpofition, yet he was neverthelefs facrificed for their Security, he being {tabbed with a Dag- ger while he was Bathing; * But; ( o But that which is very remarkable in this is, that all this was done with- out any Uproar of the People, or Difturbance in the City ; nor did the Deatli of thofe fatisfy their Rage, for they bani fired the Sons of Bufid, with the Widow and Brothers of JVav.cnm , tho a Son of Bufid'i was Ale aid-, and this Favour was obtained by the Ir.tercelfio'n of one whom they efteemed a Saint, and who came into the City with a Defign to pacify the Citizens, and to re- concile them to their former Governor/, but he canre too late to fave their Lives; but did fave their Famdies, whom he carried t a 'Ty’de, which Place belonged to the murdered. The Citizens now having no body to oppofe them, and being freed from thofe two Tyrants, the Chief of them, obtained in their Turn, the Dignity of Governors with the Profits of the Royal Revenues, and affembling together, refblved to pat the Adminiftration into the Hands of Forty of the princi- pal Citizens, in order to prevent any .Difcord or Emulation among them, who being Elected made leveral Regulations and Orders, inflicting pecuniary Punifhmcnts on thofe that did not punctually obferve them. These Regulations have fomething of an air of Policy in them; by which it may be obfqrved that lcarce a.ny People are fo barbarous and uncultivated, but that they have ftill fenfe enough .to aCtfor their own Prefervation; but ne- verthelefs their Regulations had not the defired EffeCt; for altho’ Forty were ap- pointed to, govern, yet not more than Eight had any Knowledge of the Admini- ftration of the. Affairs of the Government, and not more than Three or Four re- ceived any Benefit By the Profits of it, and fo by the ill Execution of the Laws, great Diflentions were created among them, they forefeeing that forne one or- other, would afpire after the foie Management of the Government by him- felf. This was the Rate of the City in the beginning of February 1737, when the, Marabuto, or Saint Abdala Umahamed came from Mecca to an Hermitage, at. the Foot of the Mountain, near which the City of Santa Cruz is fituated, and which belongs to the Marabuto Sidy Elihazev , and forafinuch as what follows concerns the Marabuto Saint Abdala , it will be proper to give an Ac- count of him from his Original. Abdala, -the Marabuto was born in the Year 1705, at Alguerfif a place fitua- ted on the Mountain of Sus, Thirty Leagues diftant from Santa Cruz , and Five from 'Tafrat near the Copper Mines ; bis Father being a Marabuto named Mahamed , died in 1713, leaving behind him this Son, of nine Years of Age, with other Brothers, and a Sifter of eight Years of Age. At that time a certain Marabuto going in Pilgrimage to Mecca, happened to go by the Town of Al- guerjif, who faking Compaflion of this Boy, took him with him to Mecca, where he improving in his Studies, or rather Simplicity (which is the chiefeft Qualification ( 5 ) Qualification in thefe Countries, to entitle them to 'the Reputation of being Saints) he at length gained his Point, and was owned as luch as well as his Father and Benefactor, and being become of Age, fit for Marriage, he took to Wife a Negro Woman ; but not having wherewith to Maintain her, was at laft obliged to Divorce her: Tho’ fome imagine, it was rather on Account of fome indecencies of Behaviour. Being thus difengaged from the Matrimonial State, he folicited fome well difpofed People to facilitate his return into his Native Country, and happily met with a Perfon who procured his return, without any Charge at all to him. Abdala had been at Mecca 23 Years, and was arrived at the Age of Thirty Two, andfoon after his Arrival, he went to the Hermitage beforementioned and fent for tire Inhabitants of Santa-Qruz , who punctually and devoutly came according to his Orders, and after having congratulated him on his fate Arri- val, and prayed to the Divine Majefty to affift and favour them by veitue of- the Merits of their New Saint, He made this following Speech tothtm. Know ye, O ! Gentlemen, That the Great and only God, having refolved to deftroy all the Inhabitants of thefe Countries, has imparted his Refolution to our.Prophet Mahomet r perhaps to give him room to implore for Mercy) who asking God the Reafon of his Indignation, God anfwer’d, That it was for our having forfaken the Laws given us by his Hands; our Prophet having heard this Anfwer, went and confulted with the Saints of our Nation, in or- der to find Means, if poiTible, to appeafe God’s Wrath, and the only Method they found proper was, to fend a Religious Man to Preach to us;by whofcln- ftruCtions andDoCtrines, we might come to a right underftanding of GodsL in order to obferve them, and thereby avoid his Divine and Juft Punifihmcnf. The only difficulty that remained was, to find a Perfon fit for this Million ; But our Glorious Aflembly of Saints, upon counting their Number, found that two of our principal Saints were wanting, (perhaps they were diverting them- felves with fome celeftial Dames they had alotted for that Night’s Paftime, for they believe, that he that merits Heaven, enjoys there 365 Virgins every Night. (This Notion have they of the Enjoyment of Heaven) thefe two Saints Names were Malay Ab deleader of Santa-Cruz,^ and Sidy-humed-iimujti of Al- garve, who were fent for to affift at the Congrefs ; and being come, they were informed of the Divine Refolution, and at the fame time, were defired to name whom they thought proper for the Miffion they had relclvcd upon, and as in all probability the undertaking would meet with great Difficulties, by reafon of the great hazard and Danger the Miffionary would be Expofed to, they were: defired alfo to ftand Guarantees to the Perfon they fhould EleCt, for the good Succefs of his Miffion, and alfo to impower him to declare a free Pardon to all Profelytes, alluring him, that for his Diligence and Trouble, he C fhould ( 6 ) iliould enjoy in Heaven the greateft Rewards, (perhaps thefe great rewards confided in the Numbers of Celeftial Dames, he iliould enjoy in Heaven more than any common Saint) the two Saints having received their Com- million came down to Mecca, and near the Holy Sepulchre of our Prophet, they call’d my Father Hamed , and imparting to him God’s wrath arid their Rdolution in order to avoid it, they told him that they hadchofen me for this grand Million, and gave him Orders to acquaint me with all they had told him. My Father revealed this affair tome, and order’d me to obey the Saints Orders, and in Compliance to his and their Orders, I come now to convert you to the Truth: and to obey the Divine will, and therefore I ask you if you are and will be Moors , to which Queftion they all anfwer’ d, we are by the grace of God and our Mafter Mahomet and defign to continue fo ; then replied the Saint, if you arc? Moors what makes you wear Silks ? why do you adorn your Arms with fo much Silver ? why are you fo vain and Proud ? to which Re- proof they replied, that they defired to know where was the harm in what he reprimanded them for, and what Author did forbid it, to which he anfwer’d, that he was not a Learned Man to argue upon the matter, upon which one of the Company laid; and if you are not a Learned Man, Sir el SDar Jemack i. e. then you may go to the Devil • on hearing- which the Saint laid in a great Pallion, here arc no Moors , here are no Moors, which words, tho’ juftly Expref- fei to fo Rafh and Infolent an Anfwer, raffed to fuch a Pitch, the fury of one of the Company, named El Hag Mefod Awad, who was a Man of Courage and Valour, that he drew his Dagger, in order to fever his Head from his Body* and would have executed his Defign, had not three or * four interpofed, whofe unfeafonable Religioufnefs, obliged them to make him defift from his Intent, giving for their Reafon, that the Marabut was a fimple Fellow, and eonfequently a Saint, fa Confequence deduced from their ignorant Princi- ples in Religion ; for they fay, a Man that is filly and fimple, is incapable of committing any Sin wilfully, then, by Confequence, heisa Saint) and there- fore it would be a Sin to kill him. This way of reafoning, had lo good an ElTcft, that it obliged the Moor el Hag Awad, to leave off his Intention of killing the Marabut ; but at the fame time irritated the Saint in fuch a manner, that he withdrew from the Affembly in a great Paffion ; he being gbne, the Members of the Affembly returned to the City, and he went on to a place hard by, called Tafrat, where he convoked the Saints of that Place, together with thofe of the neighbouring Places, and made an authentick Declaration of all that paffed at the Hermitage, by the Hand of a Notary; in which De- claration, he protefted that the Inhabitants of Santa-Cru& were not Moors, * Their Names were Nlabamed Urdcr^ agAbde/> Ma&k Rafot, " ! Sa/ab Ubde/a ( 7 ) by rcafon of their not fubmitting to his Orders, which were juft and reafonable : with this Inftrument, which was figned by feveral Notaries (who are very eafily to be found here, to teftifie any thing they knew nothing of; he went to Alguerfifi the place of his Birth, where producing his Certificate, he per- fwaded the People to defend his juft Caufe, which they promifed to do as foon as their great Holy Days fhould be over,- thefe Holy Days they call alfo thofe of the Lamb, becaufe they all kill for this Holy Day a Pafchal Lamb, and they believe that the longer the poor Animal lies under the Agonies of Death, fo much the more profperous the following Year will be to the Owner: They fatten their Lambs feveral Months before they kill them, and their Fat they preferve very carefully, and ufe it by putting a little in every Meal that re- quires it ; for they believe, that the Fat of their Pafchal Lamb<, gives a good tafte to, and increafe^ theVi&uals it is put into, tho’ it be never fo ftalc and (link intolerably : Thefe Holy Days being near at Hand, and he having thank’d them for their Zeal, gave them the following Motto for their Standards, Alfa Inzor eljaky u e . God Prote&s the Truth : The Marabut (perhaps in order to know whether their Zeal was only feign’d and aflfe&ed or real, as they pre- tended) order’d them not to fell any Copper to the People of Santa-Cruz^ nor Trade with the Chrijlians with that fort of Merchandize, lead: they fhould make Cannons of it, and ufe them in fighting againft the Moors y telling them that it was againft their Laws and Religion to fell it to them • and affined them,, that notwithftanding that branch of Trade fhould ceafe with the Chrijlians , many Turks would repair to the Market for it, to whom it would be not only Lawful, but meritorious, to fell their Copper, who would imploy it in making Cannons to fight againft the Infidel Chrijlians . The People of the Mountains, and particularly thofe of EJhtca , embrac’d this religious Prohibition very willingly, for thereby they freed themfelvcs from paying twelve thoufand Ducats, which the Merchants of Santa-Cruz had advanced upon- the prohibited Commodity, and they were fo obedient to their Saint’s Orders, that from the very Day he prohibited it, which was in the mid- dle of February , they fent no Copper to Santa Cruz y acquainting the Mer- chants, that the Edicft of their Marabut was the caufe of- it. The Ho- ly Days being over, the Saint was very intent on putting his Ddign of pu~ nifhing the Inhabitants of Santa-Cruz in Execution, and for that purpofe ho affembled fome Men under the Cloak of Religion, and at the fame time allu- red them, that the Booty that fhould be found in the City, ftiould be divided amongft them; and thus he went on gathering People under the pretences of Religion ’ai\d Intereft at the lame time, exhorting them to go with him, in or- der to oblige the Moors that would not obey his Orders, (which were juft and reafonable) and confequently were no longer Moors , to return to God.and. own ( 8 ) own the Truth; He charging them not to be afraid of lofing their Lives, fo* that their Enemies had not Power to do them any hurt; for their Gun-Powder fhould'have no more Effect, than if it were Dull; the Balls of their Cannon, Muskets, fhould turn into Oranges, and the edge of their Swords fliould not be able to penetrate even Butter ; therefore you’ll acquire very eafily the Spoil of the whole City, which is lawful to you, by reafon of its Inhabitants not being Moors , when they ought to be fuch : . Moreover, you’ll all be exal- ted and rais’d to high Stations : And to perfwadc them, that what he laid w T as Truth, he promoted feveral of the principal Heads of Families to the Ports and employments of the City, as if it was already in his Poftelfion. The princi- pal Ports that he gave, are the following ; One he made Governor of the City ; another Governor of the Caftlc ; another Alcaid of the Port ; another Alcaid of the Sea ; another Clerk of the Market; (whole Office is to fee that none bu: good Proviiions be fold) and his Secretary : Thefe are the principal Ports, tho’ he found employment enough for Forty of the Chief that followed him in his Enterprize ; perhaps they followed him as much for the fake of Religion as upon a motive of Intereft, for the Moors are very Credulous to what ever their Marabut’s tell them, for fear of Punifhment: Their difobedi- ence being as cruelly puniilied as in the Inquilitions in Spain and ‘Portugal , and fo with a blind credulity, they gave Credit to whatever the Saint had a mind to Impole upon them. Thefe Miracles, faid he, are nothing to what fliall happen, for after we fliall have done conquering thefe Countries, whofe In- habitants will not be Moors, we'll proceed to the conqueft of all Cbrtflendom , palling over the Seas Dry-fhod. This Ample People were fo infatuated withDe- votion, aftonifh’d at fo many Miracles he promifed would happen, and puffed up with tiie Profit they hop’d to receive from the Spoil of the City, (which they thought was as hire as if they were polfefs’d of it) and which would not be delpilable, for according to a moderate Computation, they would find in this City very near a million and half of Pieces of Eight in Money and Effe&s. They went on marching at the found of their Vocal Drums, Hallow- ing and crying Ala Titzor eljak , That is, God protects the Truth; with the following Prayer for their Mar abut. Aj'alat itjalam ala fichi a Mob anted Re- fill Ala. That is, wc Pray that Peace be upon our Lord Mohamed God’s Ambaffador. Their crying and roaring out thefe Exprellions, had fo good an Effedt, that it augmented his Army continually as they were marching. In their march to this City, they arrived at a Place call’d EJlifaut , leventy miles diftant from Santa-Cruz, lome of the Inhabitants who had been banilh’d by their Countrymen, came to the Mar abut, and delired him to do them Ju- ftice, in re-eftablifhing them in their Country, from whence they had been unjuft- jy expril’d : He having found their Requefi to be Juft, fent a Mellenger with a Letter Letter tbtficm, dofirkig them to-tecal‘ their Brethren, whom they, had uiy_ juftly Banifli’d, - fince* there' wasi -ite R^kfon why they fhoiddnot ; but ih& People ofEjlifaiti^ ;wer4 Kt'tFc ufied to ©be-yi Saints* ^otroiily.refufed to admit thole they hah expeli’d, but fioned the poof Meftetrger/ The, Mcimbvto highly refeiiting thi^ 1 Affront* marched with hi^ whole Army, in order to-be revenged oiVthbm •- and after faying Ma Tnzor. cljak 5 together with their ftaycrs for'tH^ Marabuto^ he' gave them Bat- tie,- and with ' tire- lofs of only lour Men on his fide, he kill’d twenty fix df his Enemies, and plunder’d the City. The Citizens- teeing themfeivev over-power’d, they confented to admit their banilli’d Brethren, and hum- bly to beg the Saint’s -Pardon j which, in confidcration of their Submifi* lion, was granted,- and not only pardon’d them, but order'd alfo, that all they had been plunder’d of fhould be return’d. The People of Eftifduu in return to this Favour, joined his Army with which Re-inforccment, he proceeded in his March to Sant-a-Cruz^ (while he is on his March, let us reflect a little on the ftupidity of the Barbarians, his Followers, fortho’ they .had feen tlie Execution that the Arms of the. People of Ejlifaut had done in their Army, they having kill’d four of theirMc-n, contrary to the Affurance that their Mar abut o had given them, that their Enemies Gun- Powder fhould have no more effed than Dull, and that their Balls fhould turn to Oranges, and-confequently do no harm to his Followers ; and yet they perfifted in their ftupidCreduHty) Our Saint, after feme Days J ourney, - arrived with all KIs Arm^ tha^d -of May at the - Banks of the River Sus^ which ; lies : a League Southward from' Santa-Craz* - His - Army* Was no Charge to* him, for he was not obliged to find them either Pay, Cloaths or Maintainance y more over, he was at no Expence to find Gunpowder, Arms, Ammunition, Horfes or Forragc for them j for everyone of the . Cavalry came ' provided ; with Horfc, Arms, Powder, Aimnunition and Provifioii, ? which confifted in no or \iL of Barley-Flower, which. they call Sumata , and which. they bring in a Skin - and when they coni e to £ River or Fountain, they mix two ounces of] it with a certain quantity of Water, which they take three times a Day, this being* their way of * living,' •: : - ... t r. Cy.i- .< ; eiw o F e\i- ; ..d Tl|ed!ff^hhy Uktwfifp,; brought witlftheta Provifion, Am^riitfonaitd Arms, ifhd-ifthey couid' not find regular Arbis, -they made ufe of their- Clubs j fo this' Army was provided with ever thing NecdFa-iy. And as - for Tents, they made fife of their loofe Garments- Which they call fitfzekf; and as fcfi 'Witter,- they could^dtf be-$iif a Better' Station, they lying on the Banks of the River Sits : As 1 for Wa^gofis they h&dho’nceefr D " of ( K> ) of them, for every one brought his Sumqta and otherNecelfaries in Skins, and for Forrage, they had Grafs and Hay enough in the Fields. The Marabuto finding he was in no want of any Thing, was very Courageous, and Commanded with a Sovereign Authority. He fent to the Chief of the City, and told them, there was no thinking of avoiding a War with him, without they would confentto the following Articles. Viz. Firfi. That they fhould deliver the City up to him. Secondly. That they fhould give him an Account of the Duties recei- ved for Goods Imported and Exported lince Muly Abdala's fecond return from Miquenes. Thirdly. That they fhould deliver up to him the Murderers of Bujid and IVatietm. Fourthly. That they fhould obey what was Truth and Reafonable. The Inhabitants of the City,tho’ they were fome-what terrified to fee fo near them fo great an Army, yet they flighted it upon a falle Suggei- tion, that as foon as they fhould kill three or four of them by firing their - Cannons on them, the great Army would foon difperfe; they trufling on- this Suppofition, their Anlwer to the Marabuto s Meffengers, whom e- very Day infilled more and more on their Pretentions, was very rough and harm. The 1 5 tli of May , a Moor from Alexandria being come to Santa- Cruz in a Sloop call’d the Providence, Capt. Willis , which he had freigh- ted at Leghoi and bound to this Place, and backwards to the fame Port, and wanting a quantity of Copper to compleat his Cargoe, heap- plied himlelf to the Marabuto , and prefenting hint with a final! Prefent of ten Ducats, he defired him, that Leave might be given him to have fuch . a quantity of C opper as he fhould Hand in need of for the difpatch of his Sloop, with which he defign’dto go to A.'gien. His Requeft was. granted, . and the Marabuto called together the chiefefl or Sejs of the-Coafl, to whom he faid, don't you remember what I told -you,, when I forbad you to feil no Copper to the People of Santa-Cruz nor to tl\eChnjlums r that the, Turks would come and buy it: in this you fee what I faid is^ fulfill’d. To which they Anfwer’d, They acknowledged what he laid,, and pray’d to God to favour them by his Merits ; the Turk, by the leave of the Marabuto , bought 3 00C. of Copper, which lie Shipp’d on Board his Sloop, and carried to Leghorn , where he arrived the 18th of May. The Marabuto , with all his infpiration, could not penetrate into the Turk's Delign, but was contented with receiving only 300 Pieces, which, was no more than the Duty for Exportation. ( II ) The 20th Ditto, he wrote again to the Magiilrates of the City, ex-, horting them to return to God and follow the Truth, which Letter he lent by. the Marabuto Mahamed uyijiya , who was received very civilly by the Inhabitants, and defired him to intercede in their behalf with the Saint, in Order to procure them a Peace, to obtain which, they offer'd to give the Saint 2000 Ducats, fome Tents and Damask Colours, which • he demanded ; and they alfo promis’d him, in cafe he could procure them fuch a favour to give him a prefent of 300 Ducats, which fhould be pay’d him in the following Manner ; iooby the People of Taj a l at ; 160 by the Governors ’of Santa-Cruz ; and 40 by the Copper Miners, on Condition that he fhould procure them a Licence to Trade freely with their Copper j He having agreed to their Propofols, receiv’d the Prefen ts the aoors, Chrijtiaus and Jews gave him, together with the 2000 Ducats, Tents and Damask Flags for the Saint, after which he departed from them, alluring them, that all would fucceed according to their Expecta- tion. As foon as he arrived at the Camp, he alfembled all the Facuros {i. e. Saints ) that were in company with the Marabuto , that they might examine their Laws and Ordinances, in order to find whether there was any lawful Means to fell their Copper to the Chrijtians ; the brightnefs of the promis’d Goid ipade them fo clear lighted,, that they de- clared their Copper might be fold in Chrijlian Countries, provided they did not fell it direCtly to the Chrijtians , but they might fell it to the Jews, who might trade in it with whom they pleas’d. This new Decree : was made publick to all the Army with a great deal of Solemnity. The j Facuros preceeding with open’d Books, giving to underftand by that, that thofe Authors made what they decreed Lawful, after the Saints the Cryer follow’d proclaiming .the Saint’s' Refolution or Decree; but : this Decree had no Efteft on the People of Eftncas , who by the firft Dc- ' cree, were freed from paying what, they ow’d to the Chrijtians , there- fore they obferved the- tirlt, it agreeing more with their Intereft; fo all - the ftudy and diligence of the Saint was of no Profit or Advantage;' and. as for pacifying the Marabuto with the Citizens, it was impracticable : So the Saint feeing all his Negociations prove ineffectual, return’d to* his own Country very much difgufted. From the' 20th of June to the 30th, nothing of Confequence hap-' pen’d, for thofe ten Days were fpent only in Meffoges of little Moment on both fides 5 the People of the City flattering themfelves, the Marabuto > would not be able to proceed any further, when he fhould find that the • Balls of their Cannons were not Oranges, as he had made his fh'ipid and Ample” ~ ( 12 ) fimplc Followers believe. But the Marqhuto, in order to let them know he Was in good Earn eft, wrote a Letter to them on the 30th, wherein be fit down all his Pretentions,' which were the fame he at firft demanded, without abating any thing. At the fame time he wrote a Letter to the 'Jews and Chrtjiiaus ,■ notifying to them his Defigrt of taking pofteflion of the Place, with his Orders to withdraw with their Effects ■ the Moors not condefcending to the Saint’s Demands; he lent a Man, who had the boldnefs to go as near as, the City Gate, crying out with a loud Voice, O ye Inhabitants of Sauta-Cruz, hear what It ell yon, for you will hear nothing but what is Good ! It is the Order of the Lord Abctala Maha- med, that he that is a true Moor may depart the City ; he concluded, lay- ing, Ala liizor el Jak, God protects the Truth : Alter pronouncing thefe Words, he ran with all the Ipeed imaginable to the Saint’s Camp, and tho’ he was purfued by many, they could not over-take him. This Cryer having returned, the Marabuto marched with all his Army to Tilde, which is two Leagues' diftant from the Place he removed from, and one League Northward .from Santa-Cruz. The Sons of Bifid, together with the Widow and Brothers of JVa- neim, hearing -the Marabuto was incamped near Tilde, went and killed a Cow T at the Door of his T’ent, after which they enter’d it, and throw’d thcmfelves at his Feet, befeeching him to revenge their Parents and Re- lations Blood ; they concluded, faying, There was no doubt but that God w’ould protect tiiofe that follow’d the Truth. The Saint anfweted their Requeft, afluring them he would not fail to do them Juftice. The Saint’s Anfw T er having encouraged them, they order’d alio feveral Cows to be kill’d at the Doors of the principal Fami- lies, to implore their Alftftance, lome of whom joined the Marabuto s Army. The killing an Ox or a Sheep at the Door of any Perfon, is a Cere- mony ufed in order to beg the Protection and Alftftance of. the Perfon at whole Door the Ox or Sheep is kill’d: This Ceremony has fo much EffeCt amongft thefe Barbarians , that as foon as the Perfon or Perfons in Di- ftrefs declare their Musfortunes to him, and implore his Protection and Alftftance, the Perfon implored promifes his Alftftance, tho’ it be againft lhs own Relations.; This Ceremony is not only ufed to private'Men, but they ufe it with Succefs, even to their Emperors, fo great a Credit this' ftiperftitious' Ceremony has amongft them. The Meat is diftributed a- mongft the Poor of the Place, and the Perfon implored immediately fets about performing his Promife to the Petitioner. On ( >3 ) On T/ourfday , 30th of May , He Tent another Letter to the Moors o Santa-Cruz , repeating his Pretentions, which were, that they fhould de- liver up the City, together with the Murderers of Bn fid and iVancim, and give an account of the Royal Revenues which they had ufurp’d. To the Chrifians and Jews he repeated alio bis Orders to depart the City. To thefe Orders the Moors anfwered, That the City, its Revenues and Adminiftration of Juflice, belonged to Muley Abdala , and confo quently they were obliged to defend the C ity for their Lawful Sovereign* The Chrifians and Jews having confulted the Governours about what would be proper for them to AnfWer, they order’d them to fay, that they were ready to obey his Orders, provided he would order the Inha- bitants of Efluca to pay them the 12000 Ducats, which they had ad- vanced on account of Copper, which they never received ; and alfo that he fliould order the Heirs of Waneim and Bnfid to pay them 10,000 Du cats, which Sum they had intrufled them with as being Alcaide; of the City ; to the Chrifians and Jews Letter, the Marabuto gave no Anfwer, but" to that of the Moors he anfwer’d, that if in three Days time, which he granted them, they fhould continue obftinate, in not fubmit- ting to his Orders, he would advance to and attack the City, and having taken it, would give them no Quarter. The fame Day, about two in the Afternoon, he came down with all his Army from Tilde, to a Plain which lies Eaftward of the City, and within lefs than a Cannon Shot from it ; there he formed three circles, one within another, after which they all lay’d a Prayer for the Saint, concluding it with Ala Tnzor el Jak , i. e. God protects the Truth ; af- ter they had done praying, the firft Circle difeharged their Fire Arms very regularly ; the People of the City came out, and having faid their Prayers, faluted them in the fame manner, the Maralutos lecond and third Circles fired alfo, and were anfwer’d by the Citizens; in this man- ner they pafs’d away the Afternoon without any thins* of Confequence happening on either fide* At fix the Marabuto return’d with his Army to Tilde^ and the.Citizens into the City. 'This Sight was of no little Diverfion to the Inhabitants, who faw it from the Roofs of their Houfes with a great deal of Pleafurc, they not forefeeing what would happen afterwards. Friday , the 3 1 ft of Ma% The Marabuto wafted in pafling and re- galing the Mountains of Tilde^ without advancing forward and continually fireing. All this and his Appearing not only loft the Fountain, which was their chief Subfiftance, but alfo 35C of Pow- der in order to re-take it, which was to no purpofe; all this Powder was ufed by 800 Soldiers, and only 80 Charges were fired ; as for Men they loft but five, one of whom was a who was accidentally kill’d by a Shot from the Enemy. What made the lofs of the Fountain the more confiderable, was their great Negligence, in not having provided themfelves with Water from it, when they faw it in To imminent Danger, and there not being any other place from whence they could be flip- ply ’d, for their few Cifterns were almoft exhaufted, by reafon of the drynefs of the Seafon: This great Negligence proceeded from their firm belief of Predeftination, with which they are lo prepoffeiied, that they believe that all Human Endeavours to avoid any Danger are ufelcis, ail Things being predetermined by God. This was the Caufe alfo, that they did not fecure what Wheat they had in the Vaults belonging to the Fountain, of which the Marabuto made good Ufe. The People of Santa-Criiz were not only in want of Bread and Wa- ter, by reafon of their carelefnefs and Superftition, but alfo in great fcar- city of all other for£s of Provisions ; the Marabuto having prevented any fort of Provifions from entring the City from the 25 th of May till the 3 id* by which they loft two Market Days, A onday and Thurfday , which raifed the price of Provifions to fuch a degree in the City, that every Thing was* fold there for three or four times more than what it was ufually fold for before: But the great Diftrefs in which they were, was fomethiug alleviated in their having to deal with a ftupid Enemy, who had not the Sence to know that by only continuing what they had begun, 'that is, by hindering and obftru&ing all forts of Provifions from being carried to the Place, and (which they could perform with only one thoufand Men to furround it) by this Means they would inevitably oblige the Citi- zens to furrender.in a very fhort time. But, as I laid before* they wepe fo ftupid, thatiriftead of ufingtfiis infallible Method, they expofed tncm- felves to the Citizens Muskets and Cannons, by which they had loft al- ready 385 Men, befides 1200 wounded, of whom very few recovered. An Inftance of the great Valour and Courage of the Citizens,, is their behaving with fo great Dexterity, Agility* and indefatigable Pains in • > ' F defending ( >8 ) defending themfelves this Day from nine in the Morning tiii feven at Night, that it is impoffible to be exaggerated ; . both Men and Women had no repofe all the Day, for they were all employ’d in one thing or a- ■pother neceflaryfor their Defence. The Principal amongft them went round the Wails with their Servants loaded with Powder and Balls, to furnifh thofe Soldiers who fhould be in want of either ; they alfo gave them great Encouragement, and ex- horted them to do their Duty, fince they could expect no Mercy, if they fhould be Conquer’d by fo barbarous an Enemy. They aifur’d them al- io, they had no occaiion to fear the great numbers of their Enemies, iiiice one of them was fufficient to encounter an hundred of their coward- ly and barbarous Enemies. This Encouragement was in a great meafure the Caufe. of their behaving themfelves fo bravely. The Women were alfo of great Ufe-and Afliftance to them, for they brought Pitchers full ' of Water and Barley-Flower, with* which they reffefhed the Soldiers, and help’d them to go on in their Defence. The young Women en- couraged them alfo, by their hallooing and skreaming, the merry Ex- preffions they ufe at their Weddings and Merry-makings, together wnh feme Words which fignifie good Luck, Fortune, &c. The Action was the hotteft, they being fo Superftitious as to be animated with only hear- ing People prefage them good Succefs, which they believe actually will tniue. What follows is an Inftance of their great Superftition. The old Women, with dilmal Hag~like AfpeCfcs, walked too and fro on the Roofs of their Houfes, muttering fomething to themfelves, and .holding in each Hand the Skirts of their Garments, and putting their right Hand over their left Shoulder* and they believe that by thisfuper- ftitious Charm, they hunt the Evil Spirits out of the L ity after this wa- ving their left Hand towards their right Shoulcfer, they imagine it caufes the Holy Spirtfs to enter the City ; To fuch a pitch has their Superftition arriv’d. What is very remarkable in a ft that happen’d this Day is, that tho’ they, even in their common Difcourfe, never (peak but Skreaking and Hallooing, all this Day pafs’d with very great regularity and good Or- der, without fpeaking any thing but what was Neceflary and could not be avoided. Sunday the 2d o ijune. Altho’ the Befieged underwent. great Trou- ble and Fatigue yefterday, and moreover had had no time to reft by rea- fon of their being all Night up, watching for fear of an Affault; yet this Morning at break of Day, they appear’d with the fame Courage and Re- folubon ( l 9 ) folution at the Great and at the Bridge Batteries, in order to retake the Fountain. Their valiant Turk began to fire with an uncommon Succels, one of his Balls, went thro’ the Room where the Marabuto was fitting, and which he had encompafs’d with Wool-Packs, a Precaution quite unneceflary if (as he made his Followers believe) their Enemies Balls fhould turn to Oranges: And tho’ the Ball didqio Execution, it put the Marabuto into fuch a Fright, that he immediately fent a Meffenger to the Citizens, to let them know, that if they would fend him the Saint named JJbelah Homar with full Powers, they might depend upon a fpeedy Ac- commodation (this Saints great Grandfather was King of thofe Countries who conquer’d Mulay IJmaePs Father, and keeping him in Prilcn, he be- got by his Servant-Maid Mulay IfmaheK) It was three in the Afternoon when the Meffage was brought to the Citizens, which was the caufe of great Debates amongft them, fomc were of Opinion they fhould continue their Efforts to regain the Foun- tain, while others thought it was more proper to accept this Overture of the Mar abut o \ ; but the Majority being of this laft Opinion, they refol- ved to fend the Saint JJbelah Homar with Orders to accept what Offers the Marabuto fhould prepofe. The caufe of this great Submiifion was, their being fo fcarce of Provifions (as has been faid) that it was impofll- ble for them to hold out much longer. The Saint went on his Embafly, with Orders not to ftay above an Hour, and for the time he fhould be in his Negotiations, they refolved according to the . Jarabutos Defire, tho’ not without great Grief to their brave Gunner, to leave off battering the Walls. The Saint being come to the Fountain, the Marabuto told him, that if the Citizens would fur- render the City to him, he would grant whatever they could rcafonably defire ; after which, he told him plainly, that a great many of hi s Fol- lowers having deferted him, his real Intention was to go off that Night with his Aimy, and that in order to facilitate his Flight, he had feign’d as if -he was willing to treat with the Citizens that they might leave off battering the Fountain ; but a principal Sej that followed the Marabuto , difwaded him from his Defign, and at the fame time counfeH’d him to fpread a Report, that the ■ rity would furrender to him the next Day, „ telling him that this Report would be of great Advantage to him, for all thofe that had deferred, upon hearing this News, would return, and moreover it would terrify the Citizens to fuch a degree, that they would fubmit to him. The Marabuto clofed with his Opinion, which made him immediately alter his Courfe : what remain’d now was, only to gain the Saint- ( 20 ) Saint to flay with him, which he not only obtain'd of him, but alfo he perfwaded him to write to the Citizens, that in order to finifh the Arti- cles, and by the perlwalion of the Marabuto , he remain’d there that Night ; but afftiring them that in the Morning he would come with all the Preliminaries, which would be very much to their Advantage, with which Letter the Citizens refted Something eafy, tho’ impatient to fee the Event. Monday the -3d of June. Every thing this Morning appear’d ftill and quiet, tho’ the Citizens were very uneafie by reafon of their Saint’s delay, and at the lame time they were very forry for not having followed the Opinion of thole who thought it more proper to continue their Efforts to retake the Fountain than to fend an Ambaflador to treat with fo fickle and inconftant an Enemy. But it was already too late to follow this courfe, which was the Caufe of their not going on with what they had begun ; for this Morning they fent a Meffenger to their Saint, to know 7 the reafon of his not returning, to which he Anfwer’d, That the Marabuto defired that time might be given him to bury his Dead: After which he promi- led he would proceed to the Articles of Peace. This Demand was im- mediately agreed to, not out of Good-will, ( for they plainly difeover’d it was a frivolous Excufe) but out of mere Neceiflty ; for it is certain, the Marabuto s Aim was, to oblige them to fubmit to what hard Terms he was willing to impofe upon them, and which they muff inevitably yield to, when they fliould be in want of Water, which w 7 as in his Power to deprive them of, by making the Negotiations laft long*, as by what followed he more plainly difeover’d this to be his Defign, for he fent to tell the Citizens, that it would be proper they fliould fend to him four or five of the C hief of them, one of whom he defired fhould be Salah Ube - lab , in order to conclude the Treaty of Peace in due Form. The Citi- zens at firft would not confent that Salah Ubelah fliould be one of their Ambafladors, having grounds to believe he was gained by the Marabuto ; but they not being willing to difoblige the Marabuto in lo critical a Junc- ture, they permitted him to go without aligning him what time he fliould flay : When he went it was about nine o’clock in the Morning, and flay’d with the Marabuto till four in the Afternoon, without fen- ding any Meflage, which caufed great confufion among the Citizens; but at four he returned with the agreeable News of having obtained from the Marabuto a general Pardon : He allured them more-over, that the Facuros would the next Day come and proclaim the Peace. After im- parting them this good News, he went again to the Marabuto ; but tho’ ( 21 ) the Citizens were fomewhat appeafed as to the great Cott'fufioir they had been in, but were in great want of Water, which caufcd one of the In- habitants to open a Cittern of his own ; but he made little Advantage of it, for as foon as the Citizens knew it,. they all ran to it, and without, begging, every one took what he could get, with fo great an eagernefs that ’tis impolfiblc to be exprefs’d ; fomc who took more than they had need of, fold what they could fpare at an exorbitant Price. Tuejday the 4th of Juno. This Day, according to promife, Sahib Ubelah came to the City with three Facuros , who brought the Alcoran upon their Heads, cover’d with green Silk, which Ceremony was to per- - Iwade the Citizens the Peace was concluded, and as they could not dif- obey what the Alcoran contain’d, fo they would not but Hand to what- ever was agreed in the Preliminaries. The principal of the Citizens went; to meet them, at their entring the City they laid their Prayers of Afalat , and Ala Tnzor el Jack , i. c. God protebh the Truth ,* after which they cry’d very loud, O ye Moors , Cbrijiians and Jews , hear what we fay , for you will hear nothing but what is Good, Ala Tnzor el Jzick> Our Lord Abdala Mahamed grants you all Teace> and free liberty to Trade. They finished with repeating Afalat , and Ala Tnzor el Jack. After thefe Ceremonies were over, every one return’d to his Home very qui- etly, except a Family named Hadar , whofe Afliftance the Citizens had implored, and who came near the City for that purpofe ; but they al- ter’d their Mind, upon the Superftition, that the plundering the City, would be more to their Advantage, than what they could expe& the Citizens would give them • which Confideration cabled them to join the Mar a but of Army; but they being difappointed of their Expectation by the Peace the Marabuto had granted the Citizens, refolved not to confcnt to the Peace, unlels the Citizens would fatisfy them, which caufed them to go to the Eatt fide of the City, where they begun to jire^their;. Muskets, upon which the Citizens' complain’d to th q Tacuros that had proclaimed the Peace, who immediately went and order’d them to leave off firing and go their ways, but they continuing to Fire, the Citizens, by Order of the Marabuto , fired -a Cannon upon them, bcfidcs fcveral Muskets from the Walls, which caufed them to leave off firing, tho they would not depart till the Citizens agreed to give them 500 Ducats. JVednejday the 5 th of June. This Morning an Alcaide came from the Marabuto with an hundred And took poffeffion of the Cattle, lome of the Saints, came with them, who brought the Alcoran upon . their Heads, and performed the fame Ceremonies a hd‘ Troclam atiori s as thefe that came ydterday.* G ^ Tire ( 22 ) The Inhabitants of SAnta-Cruz , who confifted of four different Nati- ons, viz. three thoufand Moors, fifteen hundred Jews, four Englijh Fa- milies and two French ; having confulted together, they refolv’d that the Principals of them fhould go in a Body to wait on the Marabuto, and after having prepared what Prefents they defigned to give the Mar abu- ts, they went in the following Order : The chiefeft of’ the Moots of the City, with fome Merchants of Fez and Sale, proceeded by twenty Boys, each of them carrying in their Hands a Board, upon which was written the following Words, 7 lob atta Dafuy a Flub ana fmas ya Mulatto, i. c. We implore and beleech you, our Lord Mahamed to pardon us. This Supplication the innocent Children continually pronounced in fo mourn- ful a manner till they came to the Fountain, that they caus’d many of the Spectators to fhed Tears, and in truth they were capable of moving the hardeft Heart to Compaffion. p Wills, After the Moors followed of the Englijh ,> Groves, 3 Adams, Of the French And laftly, of the Jews, l Jacob Rigai’, Ramond Mofes, JJalJha Me lea , C Mejad Ben JeJkfh, GBaruh Jfiah , > Abram ‘Pinto. It might plainly be perceiv’d by the Countenance and Lcoks of thofe that were going to prefent themfelves to the Marabuto, how much againft their Will they were going to rely on his Sincerity ; but they had but juft gone out of the City, when an unexpected Accident confirmed-them in their Sufpicions, and put them all in Confufion : Th.e Cafe was thus ; fome of the Marabuto s, Party having quarrelled amongft themfelves, three Men were kill’d in the Skirmifh, juft as the Reprefen- •tatives of Santa-Cruz were going to the Marabuto, who being ignorant of the Particulars and Caufe of the Quarrel, were fo frighted, that they immediately returned into the City and fhut the Gates ; after which they confulted together, and refolved to fend the Saints that were amongft them to the Marabuto, to notify to him the Caufe of their fo doing ; the Saints / ( *3 ) Saints went to the Marabuto , inform’d them whaS had happen’d, at the fame time intimating, that the Citizen# were afraid to come to him, for fear that this Call was only a Stratagem to take away their Lives. The Marabuto acquainted the Saints of the Truth of what had happen’d, and defired them to allure the Citizens, from him, that all their Sufpicions were groundlefs: The Saints having returned withthefe AlTurances of Since- rity from the Marabuto> the Kcprefentatives went down to the Fountain in the fame Order as before, the Saints going before them, with White Flags, all the way they parted was lined with Moors , who were con- ftantiy upbraiding them, and flying to one another, thefe are the Moors of Savta-Cruz , who would not oblerve the Laws of our Prophet Maho- med', others were continually curling the Chrijiians and Jews : So that with a great deal of Vexation, they at laft came near to the Fountain* and the Door of the Marabuto s Apartments, who being informed of their arrival, gave the Moors the firft Audience, who went to him (pre- ceeded by the Children,) with their Hands behind them, and prortrating themfelves at his Feet,* they confelfed their Guilt, and befought him to pardon them, which the Marabuto granted, alluring them he had a great Efteem for them, feeing they had io bravely defended the City, not ex- ceeding the Limits preferibed by the Laws, which is three Days ; he told them withal, that he did not doubts but as they had defended the City foi- him whom they thought to be their lawful Sovereign, fo they would de- fend it for him, againft whomfoever fliould endeavour to ulurp it from him. After which he ratified what the Facuros had proclaimed in his Name, which was, that he granted to every one, without Exception,, their Lives and Effefts, and concluded with faying a long Prayer for them, in which he prayed to God to Bids and Profper them ; which be- ing ended, the Moors deliver’d their Prefents, and came away well plea- fed with the Marabuto s Affurances. The Chriftiatts were the next that were admitted to Audience, who, after making their Submifiion, and delivering their Prefents, im- plored his Proteftion, intreating him to continue the Ports of Alcatds of the Port in the Perfons who at prefent enjoy’d them ; to which he An- fwer’d, “ That they might be fure he would do his utmolf always to cc 'gain their good Will, as a Proof of which he at prefent granted them tc free Liberty to Trade, affuring them they fhould have no occafion of * Complaint.” The Chriftians thanking him for his good Will towards them, came away. At ( H ) At laft the Jews went, and giving their Prefents, they congratulated him on his Conqueft ; but they were not fo well received as the Moors and Chnflians , for he very fharply reprimanded them for their throwing Stones at the Moors from the Walls of the City, by which Means they had kill’d feveral ; To which they Anlwer’d, That they were lorry for being fufpefted by him of fuch a Crime, and they allured him, that if a- ny hurt had befallen any of his Followers by their Means, it was againft their Will, and they were ferry for it ; but they could not difobey" their Governours Orders, who had (tho’ againft their Law) obliged them the laft Saturday to bring Stones and fill the empty Spaces in the Walls, in doing which, they laid, feme Stones perhaps might fall and do feme hurt to the Moors your Followers; but as we were obliged to do what we did, we hope you’ll be fo Good as to forgive us. The Marabuto be- lieved their Excule to be real, or at leaft he made them think fo, for he promiled them they fhouid not be molefted in any manner, provided they lived peaceably and quietly with the Moors . Alter thisPromife he gave them a farther Mark of his Efteem, by praying for them as he had done for the Moors ; the Jews thank’d him mightily and withdrew, very well pleafed with their good Succels. All the Reprefentatives having difeharged their Commiilion, they returned to the City very well fatii- fied. This Day ended with a new Proclamation of the Peace, together with an Order, that every one fhouid open his Shop and return to his Bulincfs, alluring them they fhouid not be difturbed or molefted. Thurjday the 6th of June. This Day the Inhabitants of Santa-Cruz> began to fetch Water from the Fountain, but it was fo ftinking and nafty, that they could hardly make any ufe of it, by reafon of the great nafti- nefs of thofe Moors that follow’d the Marabuto , who not only walked themfelves in it (T hen they went to fay their Prayers) but alfo fuffered the Holies to drink in it. Saturday the 8th of June. This Day the Marabuto feized feveral of the Principal Citizens, amongft whom were the Murderers of Bujid and IVanetm , who had brought him Proviflons; taking occafion to complain of the Infolence offer’d to his Pcrfon by every one of them, when he firft approached the City ; whilfthe was reproaching: hem, the Kinfmen of the murdered/?#/?^ and Waneim> who were prelent, laid hold of the Murder- ers ( perhaps by the Marabuto s Orders) and implored him to do them * Juftice. One may eafily conceive^ the great Confufion the Murderers were in, who expedted every Moment their Heads would be ftruck off ; but the Marabuto , not being willing to carry Matters too far, order’d them ( a 5 ) them to Prifon till he had determined what fliould be done ; and they were put into a Room near the Marabutos Apartments. Raman Mare and Captain Swan went down this Afternoon to to the Marabuto , to intreat him to give them Leave to go on Board and acquaint the Captains with the good Succefs of his Army, to- gether with the Peace he had moft gracioufly granted to the Citizens : Th tMarabuto granted their Requeft, and they accordingly went on Board, and informed the Captains, that all their Effects were fafe, by reafon of the Marabutos Grant. This News caufcd great Joy among them, they having given all for loft, and with very good Reaion, having feen laft Saturday the Fountain in Pofleffion of the Marabuto , which would infal- libly oblige the Citizens to furrender, and would confequently caufe all their Effe&s to be confffcated, and perhaps the Merchants would lofe their Lives with their Goods. It may ‘be eafily conceived how agreeable it was to them, to hear the Citizens came off io well : They gave Proofs of. their Joy by continually firing all this Afternoon, and Sunday Mor- ning. Sunday the 9th of June . The Marabuto releafed the Murderers of Bujid and Waneim , and* obliged the Kinfmen of thefe laft to forgive them, allowing them only the bare Satisfaction of being implored by the Murderers for their Pardon. They performed the ufual Ceremony for Proof of their Reconciliation, which is to kifs each other’s Head. The Marabuto declared, that this Proceedings of his was agreeable to the ge- neral Amnefty which he had granted the Citizens, and which atoned fer all Crimes committed before the faid Indulgence. The Merchants who were on Board the Ships in the Port, came on Shore this Afternoon, and immediately went to th e Marabuto, and thanked him for the Licenfe he had granted them the Day before; after which, Mr. Mark complained to the Marabuto , that fome of his Army had taken from him 100C. of Wool, befides eighty Planks which he had in one of the Warehoufes belonging to the Fountain, and therefore he hoped he would be fo good as to caufe the laid Effects, or their Equivalent, to be returned, that his Correspondents might not be fuch great Lofenv; To which the Marabuto anfwered, That he would order the Value of the* Goods to be pay’d to him : After this Promife, he requefted them to con- tinue their Commerce, and perfuade themfelvcs of the Sincerity of his Affurances, that all their Goods .fhould be fafe: He concluded with ac- quainting them, that the Copper would be ready tQ be ftiiped in a few Day-s., . H Monday ( *6 ) Monday the i oth of June. The Sheikhs or Heads of the Families which followed the Marabuto , feeing the little Advantage they bad reaped by joining with him, they intreated the Marabuto to do them fo much Juftice as to order the Inhabitants of Santa-Cruz to make them Recom- penfe for the Men and Horfes they loft in his Service, which if they were pay’d the full Value, according to their Account, it would amount to very near 8000 Ducats, allowing for every Man fcventeen Ducats and a haifj as is fettled by their Laws. The Marabuto anfwered, That it was Ju- ftice to oblige People to recompenfe thofe who had waged Waragainft them, and that they were not liable to the Penalty of the Law, only in cafe they had firft attacked him : But neverthelefs, the Marabuto , not be- ing willing to dilpleafe the Sheikhs intirely, of whom he might have Need on another Occafion, he agreed they mould receive two Muskets for every one of their Men killed, and twenty Onzas (which is a Coin of about the Value of fix Pence) for every one wounded.. JVeduefday the 12th o {June. About four in the Afternoon the A la-r rabuto came to the City without giving any Notice, which perplexed all the Citizens 5 • but nothing infued, but that the principal Inhabitants car- ried him Prefents, and bid him Welcome. Sunday the 13th of June. The Marbiito appointed for Alcaide of the Caftle, cne who not long before had been a Camel-Driver, to bring Copper to the City , this Poft was conferred on him on Account of his being the firft who hoifted up Colours for the Marabuto in a Caftle of EJlifauty as alfo at the Fountain- He is now called Cajha Sehed Acjuenio. (This. is an Inftance of the Gratitude of a Barbarian .) As for the A.'caide of the Port, he continued thefe Pofts (according to the Dcfire of the Mn- rabuto) in the Perfons that were invefted with them, whofe Names are, Al Haji Abdel Malek Rafok y Mahamed Wider y And Salah JJbelah. He alfo continued the Poft of Secretary to tire Saint named Hozein. After thefe Regulations, he ordered the Accounts of Duties received at the Port to be brought to him; and finding them deficient in fix thou- find Ducats, he refolvedto fcize the Principal Citizens; but they having Notice of his Defign, abfconded therrficlves, which caufed him to endea- vour to adjuft Matrers by fair Means; and for that Purpofe he fent to tell them, ( 27 ) them, that, it' they were willing to make up’Matters,they whuld find him as ready as they; and indeed this Overture of his was fincere, for he con- tented himfelfwith their firft Offer, which was 500 Muskets, to make up the Deficiency till the Day of his Arrival. Friday the 14th of June. The Marabuto diftributed among his Sol- diers 1000 Alquijels, or Shirts, (if we may fo call them) and 200 fuitsof Cioaths of red Cioath, after which he departed for Tarudant with 600 Muskets, where he de-fignedto be proclaimed King. Monday 17th, The Merchants being perfuaded that their Goods would be fafe in the City, they landed feveral Commodities which they had kept on Board above aMonth. This Day alfo they loaded their Ships with Copper and other Merchandizes, which repaired in abundance from all Parts to the City Market. ‘P. S. On the Marabuto's Approach to Tarudant , the Inhabitants of that Capital of Suz Went out to receive and welcome him with the ut- moft Solemnity and Signs of Joy. The Governor having prefented him with the Keys, was ordered to be baftonaded on the Spot, and reproach- ed with his bafe Cowardice in fo eafily furrendering the Place, without offering to make the lead Reliftance. He was withal told,- f