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THE 
 
 BAKHTYAR NAMEH, 
 
 stoat 
 
 OF 
 
 PRINCE BAKHTYAR 
 
 AND 
 
 THE TEN VIZIERS ; 
 
 A SERIES OF 
 
 PERSIAN TARES. 
 
 FROM A MANUSCRIPT 
 
 IN THE COLLECTION OF 
 
 SIR WILLIAM OUSELET. 
 
 LONDON* 
 
 PRINTED, AT THE ORIENTAL PRESS, BY WILSON & CO, 
 
 Wild Court:, Lincoln's Inn Fields. 
 
 FOR J. DEBRETT, OPPOSITE BURLINGTON-HOUSE, 
 
 PICCADILLY. 
 
 180 J. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2016 
 
 
 * 
 
 https://archive.org/details/bakhtyarnamehorsOOunse 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 TPhatever opinion may he formed of 
 these Tales by the European Reader, it ap- 
 pears that they are popular favourites among 
 the Asiaticks, from the number of copies which 
 have been transcribed : Besides three in my 
 Qwn possession, I have seen five or six in the, 
 collections of various friends. From all those - 
 manuscripts ( as this work is chiefly designed 
 for the use of those who begin to study the 
 Persian language ) I selected that which seemed 
 \vritten in the most pure and simple style-, for 
 several copies, in passing through the hands of 
 ignorant or conceited transcribers, have suffer- 
 ed a considerable depravation of the original 
 text-, and one, in particular, is so disguised 
 by the alterations, and augmented by the ad- 
 ditions of some Indian Moonshee , that it ap- 
 
VI 
 
 pears almost a different work. These addi- 
 tions, however, are only turgid amplifications 
 and florid exuberancies, according to the mo- 
 dern corrupt style of Hindoostan, which dis- 
 tinguishes the compositions of that country from 
 the chaste and classical productions of Iran. 
 
 Of the author or age of the Bakhtyar 
 Nameh, I have not been able to acquire any 
 information. Most of the copies which I have 
 seen, are modern transcripts ; none of them 
 much older than an hundred, years. 
 
 This Work is so easy, that it has not seemed 
 necessary to augment its bulk by notes : nor, 
 although the translation will be found siiffi- 
 ciently literal, have I retained those idioms 
 which would be not only uncouth, but perhaps 
 unintelligible in English. Some repetitions 
 I have taken the liberty of omitting ; and, as 
 most of the stories begin and end nearly in the 
 same manner, I have, on such occasions, com* 
 pressed into a few lines the subject of a page > 
 
vii 
 
 It is proper to observe, fas I have referred to 
 this advertisement, ) that almost all the names 
 of persons which occur in the following pages 
 are characteristic k and descriptive compounds 
 or epithets. Thus the name of Bakht-yar is 
 compounded of Ocsr"? Bakht, fortune, luck, 
 c 6c. and fj yar, a friend or companion ; and 
 may he translated, “ The person whom For- 
 tune favours,''' or “ Fortune's friend.” Azad 
 Bakht is also a compound, equivalent to the 
 word fortunate. Sipeh-salar, used as a proper 
 name in the first story, signifies a general, or 
 the leader of an army. Beh-rooz, and Rooz- 
 beh, are compounded of Rooz, day, and. 
 aj beh, good, excellent, &c. 
 
 WILLIAM OUSELEY. 
 
 London, Jan. 20, 1801. 
 

 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 ' 
 
 1 
 
THE 
 
 BAKHTYAR NAMEH : 
 
 OR, 
 
 STORY OF PRINCE BAKHTYAR 
 
 AND THE TEN VIZIERS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 hits it is recorded by the authors of remark- 
 able histories, and the narrators of delightful 
 tales, that there was once in the country of 
 Seiestan a certain king, possessing a crown and 
 a throne, whose name was Azadbakht ; and he 
 had a vizier entitled Sipehsalar, a person of 
 such bravery and skill that the moon concealed 
 herself among the clouds from fear of his scy- 
 mitar. This vizier had a daughter endowed 
 with such exquisite beauty that the rose of the 
 garden and the moon of the heavenly spheres 
 were confounded at the superior lustre of her 
 
 B 
 
cheeks. Sipehsalar loved this daughter with 
 excessive fondness, so that he could scarcely 
 exist an hour without her. Having gone on an 
 expedition to inspect the state of the country, it 
 happened that he found himself under a necessity 
 of passing some time from home. He imme- 
 diately dispatched confidential persons with or- 
 ders to bring his daughter to him from the capi- 
 tal. These persons, having arrived at the vi- 
 zier’s palace, paid their obeisance to the damsel, 
 who' ordered her attendants to prepare for the 
 journey to her father. The horses were instantly 
 caparisoned, and a litter provided with magni- 
 ficence suitable to a princely traveller. The 
 damsel, seated in this, commenced her journey, 
 and went forth from the city. 
 
 It happened that the king, who had gone 
 on a hunting-party, was at that moment re- 
 turning from the chace. He beheld the litter 
 with its ornaments and splendid decorations; 
 and, whilst he gazed, it was borne quite out of 
 the town. He sent to inquire about it ; and the 
 attendants said that it belo. ged to the daugh- 
 ter of Sipehsalar, who was going to her father. 
 When the king’s servants returned and reported 
 
to him this intelligence, he rode up to the litter 
 that he might send his compliments to Sipeh- 
 salar. On his approach, the attendants alighted 
 from their horses and kissed the ground of re- 
 spectful obedience. The king, (having desired 
 that they would bear his salutations to the vizier, 
 and they having promised punctually to do so,) 
 was preparing to turn back, when suddenly, the 
 wind lifting up a corner of the hangings which 
 covered the litter, his eyes were fixed by the fas- 
 cinating beauty of the damsel ; and he who in 
 the chace had sought for game, became now the 
 captive prey of this lovely maid, and fell into 
 the snares of love. At length he ordered the 
 attendants to dispatch a messenger to the north, 
 where Sipehsalar was, and to inform him that 
 the king would accept his daughter as a wife, 
 hoping that he might not be esteemed an un- 
 worthy son-in-law. 
 
 When the attendants heard this, they kissed 
 the ground of obedience, saying, “ Long be 
 “ the king’s life ! the sovereign of the earth 
 “ and of the age, and the ruler of the world ! 
 ee If Sipehsalar could even dream of this ho- 
 “ nour, he would be supreme in happiness. 
 
4 
 
 “ But, if the king permit, we will proceed with 
 “ the damsel to her father, and inform him of 
 “ what has happened, that he may prepare every 
 “ thing necessary for the occasion, and then send 
 “ her back to the city.” When the servant of 
 the damsel had thus spoken, the king, who w r as 
 displeased with his discourse, exclaimed, “ How 
 tc darest thou presume to counsel or advise me?” 
 He would have punished the servant on the 
 spot, but he feared lest the tender heart of his 
 fair mistress should be distressed thereby. He 
 accordingly remitted the punishment ; and, tak- 
 ing the reins into his own hands, he conducted 
 the litter back towards the city, which he en- 
 tered at the time when the shades of evening 
 began to fall. 
 
 The next day he assembled the magistrates 
 and chief men ; and, having asked the dam- 
 sel’s consent to the marriage, he caused the 
 necessary ceremonies to be performed. The 
 secretaries were employed in writing letters of 
 congratulation ; and Sipehsalar was informed of 
 the insult offered to him during his absence, 
 which caused the tears to flow from his eyes 
 whilst he perused the letters of congratulation. 
 
5 
 
 He dissembled, however; and, concealing his 
 vexation, wrote letters to the king, and ad- 
 dressed him in language of the strongest grati- 
 tude, declaring himself at a loss for words 
 whereby to express his sense of the honour 
 conferred upon him. 
 
 Such was the purport of his letters ; but in 
 his mind he cherished hopes of revenge, and 
 day and night were employed in devising strata- 
 gems by means of which he might obtain it. 
 
 After two or three months spent in this man- 
 ner, Sipehsalar assembled all the chief officers of 
 the army, and informed them, that, confiding in 
 their secresy and fidelity, he would communi- 
 cate to them an affair of considerable import- 
 ance : they all assured him of their attachment 
 and regard ; and declared, that the flourishing- 
 state of the empire was the result of his wisdom, 
 prudent management, and bravery. To this 
 Sipehsalar replied, “ You all know what actions 
 “ I have performed, and what troubles I have 
 “ undergone, to raise the empire to its present 
 “ state of glory and prosperity : Eut what has 
 “ been mv recompense ? You have seen how the 
 
 */ -A. 
 
0 
 
 “ ungrateful monarch carried off my daughter.” 
 Having thus spoken, a shower of tears fell from 
 his eyes ; and the chiefs, who were assembled 
 about him, said, “ We have been acquainted 
 “ with this matter for some time, and it has 
 “ given us great concern. But now the mo- 
 “ ment is arrived when we may depose this 
 <f king.” 
 
 Then Sipelisalar threw open the doors of his 
 treasury, and distributed considerable sums of 
 money amongst the soldiers ; so that in a little time 
 he assembled a multitude of troops, almost in- 
 numerable. He then resolved to attack the king, 
 and with that intention seized, during the night, 
 upon all the avenues of the city, both on the 
 right hand and on the left. 
 
 The king, astonished and alarmed at the tu- 
 mult, consulted with the queen, saying, “ What 
 “ can we do in this misfortune ? for it is a night 
 “ to which no morning shall succeed, and a war 
 “ in which there is not any hope of peace."' — 
 The queen replied, “ Our only remedy for this 
 “ evil is to fly and seek protection in the 
 “ dominions of some other prince, and solicit 
 
7 
 
 ss his assistance.” Azadbakht approved of 
 this counsel, and resolved to seek an asy- 
 lum from the king of Kirman, who was 
 renowned for his generosity throughout the 
 world. 
 
 In the palace there was a certain door which 
 opened into a subterraneous passage leading to- 
 wards the desert. The king gave orders that 
 two horses should be instantly saddled ; and 
 having put on his armour, and taken from the 
 royal treasury many precious jewels, and fast- 
 ened them in his girdle, he placed the queen on 
 one of the horses, and, mounting the other him- 
 self, they went forth privately through the door 
 above mentioned, and directed their course to- 
 wards the desert. 
 
 Now it happened that the queen had been 
 for nine months in a state of pregnancy ; 
 and, after travelling during a whole day and 
 night in the desert, they arrived at the side 
 of a well, whose waters were more bitter than 
 poison, and unpleasant as the revolutions of in- 
 constant fortune. Here the queen was affected 
 by the pains of labour ; whilst heat and thirst 
 
8 
 
 reduced both the king and her to despair : their 
 mouths were parched up for want of water, 
 and they had no hopes of saving their lives ; for 
 the sword of the enemy was behind them, and 
 before them the sand of the desert. 
 
 In this forlorn situation the queen said, “ Asitis 
 “ impossible for me to proceed any farther, I in- 
 “ treat you to save your own life, and find out 
 “ some place where water may be obtained. 
 “ Though I must perish here, you maybe saved ; 
 “ and an hundred thousand lives such as mine are 
 “ not in value equal to a single hair of the king’s 
 “ head.” Azadbaklit replied, “ Soul of the 
 “ world ! I can relinquish riches and resign a 
 “ throne ; but it is impossible to abandon my be- 
 “ loved — her who is dearer to me than existence 
 “ itself.” 
 
 Thus were they engaged in conversation, 
 when suddenly the queen brought forth a son : 
 in beauty he was lovely as the moon ; and 
 from the lustre of his eyes the dreary desert was 
 illumined. The queen, pressing the infant to 
 her bosom, began to perform the duties of a 
 mother, w hen the king told her that she must 
 
9 
 
 not fix her affections on the child, as it would be 
 impossible to take him with them : ‘‘We must, 
 “ therefore,” added the king, “ leave the infant 
 “ on the brink of this well, and commit him to 
 “ the providence of the Almighty, whose infinite 
 “ kindness will save him from destruction.” — - 
 They accordingly wrapped up the child in a 
 cloak embroidered with gold, and fastened a 
 bracelet of ten large pearls round his shoulders ; 
 then leaving him on the brink of the well, they 
 both proceeded on their journey to Kirman, 
 whilst their hearts were afflicted with anguish 
 on account of their helpless infant. When they 
 approached the capital of Kirman, the king of 
 that place was informed of their arrival. He 
 sent his servants to welcome them, and received 
 them with the greatest respect and hospitality : 
 he provided a princely banquet, and assembled 
 all the minstrels, and sent his own son and two 
 attendants to wait on Azadbakht. 
 
 During the feast, whilst the musicians were 
 employed in singing and playing, and the 
 guests in drinking, whenever the wine came 
 round to Azadbakht, his eyes were filled with 
 tears. The king of Kirman, perceiving this, de- 
 
 c 
 
10 
 
 sired him to banish sorrow, and to entertain a 
 hope that Heaven might yet be propitious to him. 
 Azadbakht replied, “Oh, king of the world! 
 “ how can I be cheerful whilst thus an exile 
 “ from my home, and whilst my kingdom and 
 “ my treasures are in the possession of my 
 “ enemies ?” 
 
 The king of Kirman then inquired into the 
 particulars of Azadbakht’s misfortunes, which 
 he related from beginning to end. The heart 
 of the king of Kirman was moved with compas- 
 sion ; and, during that whole day, he endea- 
 voured, by every sort of amusement, to divert 
 the mind of his guest from dwelling on the past 
 misfortunes. The next day he ordered a power- 
 ful army to be led forth, and placed it under the 
 command of Azadbakht, who marched imme- 
 diately towards the capital of his own domi- 
 nions. On the king’s approach, Sipehsalar, who 
 had usurped his authority, fled in confusion, and 
 all the troops, the peasants, and other inhabit- 
 ants, paid homage to Azadbakht, and entreated 
 his forgiveness. He pardoned them ; and again 
 ascending the royal throne, governed his people 
 with justice and generosity ; and, having libe- 
 
11 
 
 rally rewarded the king of Kir man’s soldiers, he 
 sent them back with many rare and valuable 
 presents for that monarch. 
 
 After these transactions, Azadbakht and his 
 queen passed their time in a state of tranquil- 
 lity, interrupted only by the remembrance of 
 the child whom they had left in the desert, and 
 whom, they were persuaded, the wild beasts 
 must have devoured the same hour in which 
 they abandoned him : but they little knew the 
 kindness which Providence, had shewn him. 
 
 It happened that the desert in which they had 
 left the infant was frequented by a gang of rob- 
 bers, the chief of whom was named Flrokh Su- 
 var : and, very soon after the king and queen 
 had departed, these robbers came to the well ; 
 there they discovered a beautiful infant crying 
 bitterly. Firokli Suvar alighted from his horse and 
 took up the child ; and his extraordinary beauty 
 induced them to believe him the son of some 
 prince or illustrious personage. In this opinion 
 they were confirmed by the ten valuable pearls 
 which were fastened on his shoulders. As Fi- 
 rokh Suvar had not any child, he resolved to 
 
 c 2 
 
12 
 
 adopt this infant as his own, and accordingly 
 bestowed on him the name of Khodcidad ; and, 
 having taken him to his home, committed him 
 to the care of a nurse. When he was of a pro- 
 per age, Firokh Suvar instructed him in all ne- 
 cessary accomplishments, and in horsemanship 
 and the use of arms, which rendered him, with 
 his natural bravery, when fifteen years of age, 
 able to fight, alone, five hundred men. Firokh 
 Suvar loved this youth with such affection that 
 he could not exist one moment without him, 
 and took him along with him wheresoever he 
 w r ent. Whenever it happened that the robbers 
 were proceeding to attack a caravan, Khodadad, 
 who felt compassion for the merchants and tra- 
 vellers, and at all times disliked the profession of a 
 robber, requested that Firokh Suvar might dis- 
 pense with his attendance, and leave him to 
 guard the castle. Firokh Suvar consented that 
 he should not join in attacking the caravan ; but 
 entreated him to accompany the robbers to the 
 scene of action. It happened, however, one day 
 that they attacked a caravan consisting of supe- 
 rior numbers, and of such brave men that they 
 fought against the robbers with success, and took 
 several of them prisoners. In this action Firokh 
 
13 
 
 Suvar received a wound, and was near falling 
 into the hands of his enemies, when Khodadad, 
 mounting his charger, galloped into the midst 
 of the battle, and put many of them to death. 
 
 But it was so ordained that he should fall 
 from his horse : in consequence of which, he 
 was taken prisoner, and, with many of the rob- 
 bers, led in chains to the city. 
 
 The chief of the caravan having brought them 
 all before the tribunal of Azadbakht, the king’s 
 eyes were no sooner fixed upon the countenance 
 of Khodadad, than paternal affection began to 
 affect his heart : he wept, and said, “ Alas ! if 
 “ the infant whom I abandoned in the desert 
 “ were now alive, he would probably appear 
 “ such a youth as this !” He continued to gaze 
 involuntarily upon him, and, desiring him to ap- 
 proach, inquired his name, and said, “ Art thou 
 “ not ashamed to have abused the favours of 
 “ c Heaven, which has endowed thee with so 
 <f much beauty and strength, by plundering tra- 
 “ vellers, and seizing on the property to which 
 “ thou hadst not any right ?” — Khodadad, with 
 tears, replied, “ The Lord knows my innocence, 
 
14 
 
 “ and that I have never partaken of the plunder.” 
 Azadbakht then granted him a free pardon, and 
 took him into his service, desiring that his chains 
 might be taken off : he also put on him his own 
 robe, and said, “ I now give you the name of 
 “ Bakhtyar; from this time forth fortune shall be 
 “ your friend The king then dismissed the 
 other robbers ; to whom, on condition that they 
 would never again commit any depredations, he 
 granted not only their lives, but a pension, by 
 which he engaged them in his service. 
 
 After this, Bakhtyar continued day and night 
 in attendance on the king, whose affection for 
 him hourly increased. To his care were entrust- 
 ed the royal stables, which he superintended 
 with such skill and good management, that in a 
 few months the horses became fat and sleek ; and 
 the king one day remarking their improved con- 
 dition, understood that it was the result of 
 Bakhtyar’s care and attention, and conceiving 
 that a person who evinced such abilities was 
 capable of managing more important matters, 
 
 * In allusion to the name, compounded of Baliht c ' fortune," 
 and yar “ a friend or companion.” 
 
15 
 
 he sent for Bakhtyar, at his return to the palace, 
 and ordered that the keys of the treasury should 
 be presented to him, and thus constituted him 
 keeper of the treasures. Bakhtyar, having kissed 
 the ground, was invested with a splendid robe 
 of honour. He discharged the duties of his high 
 station with such fidelity and attention, that he 
 every day increased in favour with the king, 
 and at length was consulted on every measure, 
 and entrusted with every secret of his royal 
 master. If on any day it happened that Bakh- 
 tyar absented himself from the palace, on that 
 day the king would not give audience to any 
 person : and the advice of Bakhtyar was follow- 
 ed on every occasion of importance. In short, 
 he was next in power to the king ; and his con- 
 duct was discreet and skilful. 
 
 But there were ten viziers, who became en- 
 vious of his exaltation, and conspired against him, 
 resolving to devise some stratagem whereby 
 they might deprive him of the king’s esteem, 
 and effect his degradation. 
 
 It happened one day that Bakhtyar, having 
 indulged in the pleasures of wine beyond the 
 
16 
 
 bounds of moderation, lost the power of his rea- 
 son, and continued in a state of sleepy intoxi- 
 cation until night came on and the world became 
 dark : the porters fastened the gates, and the 
 sentinels repaired to their respective stations. 
 Bakhtyar, after some time, came forth from the 
 treasury, but knew not whither he went ; so 
 completely had the wine deprived him of recol- 
 lection : he wandered on, however, until he 
 found himself in one of the king’s private apart- 
 ments, where he saw tapers burning, a couch 
 with pillows and cushions, a splendid throne 
 or seat, and various embroidered robes and silken 
 coverings. This was the apartment in which the 
 king used to sleep. Here, from excessive intoxi- 
 cation, Bakhtyar flung himself upon the throne ; 
 after a little while the king entered, and disco- 
 vering the unfortunate young man, inquired, 
 with violent anger, his business in that place. 
 Bakhtyar, roused by the noise, threw himself 
 from the throne, and crept beneath it; where 
 again he fell asleep. 
 
 The king, having called some attendants, 
 ordered them to seize him, and, drawing his 
 sword, hastened to the queen, of whom he 
 
1 1 
 
 asked how Bakhtyar found admittance to th£ 
 private apartments of the palace ; and added, 
 that he could not have come there without 
 her knowledge. The queen, shocked at such 
 an imputation, declared herself ignorant of the 
 whole transaction ; but desired that the king, 
 if he still entertained any suspicions, to confine 
 her that night, and inquire into the matter on 
 the next morning, when her innocence would 
 appear, and the guilty might be punished. The 
 king, accordingly, ordered her to be confined, 
 and suspended the execution of vengeance during 
 that night. When morning came, being seated 
 on the royal throne, he gave audience to his ten 
 viziers. The first of these, having paid his re- 
 spects to the king, inquired into the transactions 
 of the preceding night, and was informed of all 
 that had occurred. The enmity which this 
 vizier had long cherished in his heart against 
 Bakhtyar induced him to conceive that a fair 
 opportunity now offered of destroying that un- 
 fortunate young man : and he said within him- 
 self, “ Though he may have a thousand lives, he 
 <c shall not be able to save one of them.” He 
 then addressed the king, and said, How could 
 “ a person bred up in the desert, and by profes- 
 
 D 
 
18 
 
 “ sion a robber and assassin, be fit for the service 
 “ of a king ? I well knew that his wickedness 
 “ would appear, but durst not say so ; now, how- 
 “ ever, that it is manifest, let the king ordain 
 “ for him such a punishment as may be a lesson 
 “ to all the world.” The king gave orders that 
 Bakhtyar should be brought before him : — “ Un- 
 “ grateful wretch!” said he, “I forgave your 
 “ offences ; I spared your life ; I raised you to 
 “ dignities almost equal to my own ; and you 
 “ requite these favours by treason and perfidy : 
 “ you have entered into the recesses of my 
 “ haram, and have presumed to occupy my 
 “ place.” Bakhtyar, on hearing this, began to 
 weep ; declared himself ignorant of all those 
 transactions, and that if lie had been found in 
 the royal apartments, he must have wandered 
 there unconsciously. 
 
 The first vizier solicited the king’s permission, 
 that he might go to the haram, and inquire from 
 the queen all that she knew concerning this af- 
 fair. Having obtained permission, he went to 
 the queen, and told her, that there were various 
 reports on the subject of that young robber 
 Bakhtyar, in which she was implicated ; that 
 
iq 
 
 as the king was exceedingly enraged against 
 her, the only means whereby she could appease 
 his anger would be to accuse Bakhtyar, and to 
 say, (( O king ! thou hast brought hither the son 
 “ of a robber, thou hast bestowed on him the 
 e< name of Fortune s favourite, and hast exalted 
 “ him to honours ; but his baseness has at length 
 “ appeared, he has presumed to make amorou 
 “ proposals to me, and has threatened, should I no.. 
 “ comply with his licentious desires, to use vio- 
 “ lence with me, to kill the king, and to seize 
 fe upon the throne.” 
 
 “ This declaration,” said the vizier to the 
 queen, “ will induce the king to order the im- 
 
 mediate execution of Bakhtyar, and you will 
 “ at the same time re-establish yourself in his 
 “ good opinion.” The cpieen was astonished, 
 and replied, “ How can I, even to save myself, 
 “ thus destroy the life of an innocent person by 
 “ a false testimony ?” 
 
 “ The life of Bakhtyar,” said the vizier, “ has 
 “ long been forfeited to the laws, since he ex- 
 <<r ercised the profession of a robber and a mur- 
 “ derer : therefore, any scruples on that subject 
 
20 
 
 <c are vain ; and I’ll answer at the day of judg- 
 * e ment for your share in this transaction.” The 
 queen at last consented to follow the vizier’s 
 advice ; and he returned to the presence of the 
 king, who desired to know the result of his con- 
 ference with the queen. The artful vizier re- 
 plied, “ That which I have heard, I have not 
 “ the power of relating ; but the queen herself 
 “■ will tell it.” The king having retired, sent for 
 the queen, and she repeated to him all that the 
 vizier had instructed her to say. The king, 
 acknowledging that he was himself to blame, as 
 having bestowed favours on the base born son of 
 a robber, gave orders that heavy irons should 
 be put on the feet of Bakhtyar, and sent him to 
 prison, declaring, that in due time he should 
 suffer such a punishment as would strike terror 
 into all men. In the mean time, Bakhtyar lan- 
 guished in the prison, applying to God for relief ; 
 and the viziers returned to their homes, devising 
 means whereby they might induce the king to 
 hasten the execution of the young man, 
 
21 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 Story of the ill-fated Merchant , and his 
 Adventures . 
 
 On the following day the second vizier came 
 before the king, and, having paid his respects, 
 recommended that Bakhtyar should be no longer 
 kept in prison, but led out to execution. The 
 king approved of this advice, and gave orders 
 that Bakhtyar and the executioner should be 
 brought before him. When they were come, he 
 addressed the young man, and told him that he 
 had directed the tree of his existence to be 
 rooted out from the soil of his empire. Bakhtyar 
 replied, “ Long be the king’s life ! Such is my 
 “ prayer, as I stand here on the eve of de- 
 parture from this world ; yet, as it is every 
 “ man’s duty to endeavour by honest means 
 “ to save himself, I appeal to the Almighty, 
 “ who knows my innocence; but, alas ! mysitua- 
 “ tion is like that of the merchant, whom good 
 • ‘ fortune constantly avoided, and evil fortune in- 
 cessantly pursued, so that all his exertions ended 
 ■ ‘ in disappointment, and all his projects failed of 
 
22 
 
 (e success.” The king desired to hear the story of 
 this ill-fated merchant, and Bakhtyar, after the 
 
 usual compliments, began to relate it as follows : 
 
 \ 
 
 “ In the city of Basrah there was a certain 
 man, a merchant, who possessed immense 
 riches ; but it was decreed, that the light of 
 prosperity should be changed into the darkness 
 of misfortune, so that in a short space of time 
 very little of all his wealth remained, and 
 whatsoever commercial projects he tried in- 
 variably terminated in loss. It happened, one 
 year, that the price of corn was increased, 
 and the merchant thought, that, by laying out 
 what remained of his money in purchasing 
 some loads of corn, and keeping it till the 
 next year, he might profit considerably : he 
 therefore hired a granary, purchased some corn, 
 and laid it by in expectation that the price 
 would rise ; but com became more abundant, 
 and consequently more cheap, the following 
 season : when the merchant perceived this, he 
 resolved to keep that which he had in store 
 until the next year, thinking it probable that 
 a barren season might be succeeded by a plen- 
 tiful one. But it happened that the next year. 
 
23 
 
 so much rain fell, that most of the houses 
 were washed away, and the water found its 
 way into the merchant’s granary, where it 
 spoiled all his corn, and caused it to send forth 
 a smell so intolerable, that the people of the 
 city compelled him to throw it away. He 
 was confounded by this misfortune ; but after 
 some time, finding that he could not derive 
 any profit from idleness or inactivity, he sold 
 his house, and joined a company of merchants, 
 who were setting out on a voyage by sea. 
 With them he embarked on board a vessel, 
 and after three days and three nights, the world 
 became dark, the tempest arose, the billows 
 rolled, and at length the ship was wrecked ; 
 many of the crew perished. The merchant, 
 with a few others, was saved on a plank, and 
 cast on dry land ; hungry and naked, he wan- 
 dered into a desert, when, after advancing some 
 leagues, he discovered a man at a little distance. 
 Delighted to find that the country was inha- 
 bited, and hoping to be relieved from hunger 
 and thirst, which had now become almost in- 
 supportable, he directed his course towards 
 that man, and soon perceived n extensive and 
 populous village, with trees and running streams ; 
 
at the entrance of this village, he stopped: the 
 chief man, or dihkan of the place, was a person 
 of considerable wealth, and of great generosity; 
 he had erected, in the outlets of this village, a 
 summer-house, in which he happened to be 
 when the merchant arrived. As soon as he dis- 
 covered the stranger, he ordered his servants to 
 bring him into the Summer-house. The stranger 
 paid his respects, and was entertained by the 
 dihkan with politeness and hospitality. Having 
 satisfied his hunger and thirst, he related, at 
 the desire of his host, all the circumstances of his 
 past life, and all the misfortunes he had un- 
 dergone. The story excited compassion in the 
 breast of the generous dihkan, who gave the 
 merchant a suit of his own clothes, and bade 
 him not despair, for that he would keep him 
 with himself until his affairs should be again 
 in a prosperous condition. 
 
 “ After this, the dihkan gave into the mer- 
 chant’s charge the account of his property 
 and possessions, and said, that he would allow 
 him, for his own share, the eleventh part of 
 all the corn. The merchant, much delighted, 
 was very diligent in superintending the con- 
 
25 
 
 cerns of his employer ; and as the harvest proved 
 very abundant, when the corn was gathered 
 in, he found his portion so considerable, that 
 he said within himself, ‘ the dihkan most pro- 
 bably will not consent to allow me such a 
 share, I shall therefore take it, and conceal it, 
 until the settlement of accounts, when, if he 
 think proper to bestow so much on me, I shall 
 give back this he accordingly took this quan- 
 tity of the corn, and concealed it in a cavern; 
 but it happened that a thief discovered what 
 he had done, and stole the corn away by night. 
 
 “ When the dihkan inspected the accounts of 
 the harvest, and had made his calculations of 
 the produce, he assigned to the merchant the 
 eleventh part of the corn. The merchant return- 
 ed him thanks, and acknowledged the doubts 
 which he had entertained, and told him how 
 he had set apart a certain portion of the corn, 
 < which,’ said he, ‘ I shall now go and cause to 
 be deposited in the granary.’ 
 
 “ The dihkan sent two of his people with him 
 to the place where he had concealed the corn, 
 but none could be found. They were astonished, 
 
 E 
 
20 
 
 and bit the finger of amazement. When the 
 dihkan was informed of this circumstance, he 
 became angry, and ordered that the merchant 
 should be driven forth out of the village. 
 
 “ In melancholy plight the unlucky merchant 
 turned his face towards the road which led to the 
 sea-shore : there he chanced to meet six of those 
 persons who gain a livelihood by diving for pearls. 
 They knew him, and inquired into his situation : 
 he related to them all that had happened, and his 
 story so much excited their compassion that they 
 agreed to bestow on him, for the sake of God, 
 whatsoever their next descent to the bottom of 
 the sea should produce. They accordingly, with 
 this charitable intention, plunged all six into the 
 sea, and each brought up from the bottom a 
 pearl of such exquisite beauty that its equal 
 could not be found amongst the treasures of any 
 monarch. The merchant received from the 
 divers those six precious pearls, and set forward 
 with a joyful heart. 
 
 It happened that after some time he fell into 
 company with certain robbers, whom he much 
 feared ; and he resolved to save part, at least, 
 
27 
 
 ©f his property, by concealing three of the 
 pearls in his mouth, and the other three 
 among his clothes, hoping that, if they should 
 search him, they might be contented with these, 
 and that he might save those concealed within his 
 mouth. He accordingly put three of the pearls 
 among his clothes, and the other three into 
 his mouth ; and went on for some time with- 
 out exciting any suspicion, or attracting the 
 notice of the robbers. But unluckily open- 
 ing his mouth to address them, the pearls fell 
 on the ground ; and when the robbers saw 
 them, they seized the merchant, and so terri- 
 fied him with their threats and violence that 
 he became senseless. The robbers, perceiving 
 this, took up the three pearls and went away. 
 After some time the merchant recovered his 
 senses, and was overjoyed to find that he had 
 still three of the pearls left. Proceeding on his 
 journey, he arrived by night at a certain city, 
 where he slept ; and next morning went to the 
 shop of a jeweller, to whom he offered the pearls 
 for sale. The jeweller, on beholding them, was 
 astonished ; for they far exceeded any thing he 
 had ever seen : then casting his eyes on the mean 
 
 e 2 
 
28 
 
 and squalid garments of the merchant, he im- 
 mediately seized him by the collar, and exclaim- 
 ed with a loud voice, accusing the unfortunate 
 stranger of having stolen the pearls from his 
 shop ; a violent struggle and dispute ensued, and 
 at length they both proceeded to the tribunal of 
 the king. 
 
 “ The jeweller was a man of some repute in 
 the city ; and that which he said, was believed 
 by the inhabitants : he accused the merchant of 
 having contrived a hole through which he stole 
 away a casket of gold and jewels from his shop, 
 and those three pearls were part of the contents 
 of the casket. 
 
 “ The merchant declared himself innocent ; 
 but the king ordered him to deliver the pearls to 
 the jeweller, and he was loaded with •chains and 
 thrown into prison : there he pined in misery 
 And affliction, until after some time those divers 
 who had given him the pearls arrived in that city, 
 and going to visit the prison, that they might 
 benefit by seeing the punishment of vice and 
 wickedness, they distributed some money among 
 
29 
 
 those who were confined, and at last discovered 
 the merchant in a corner loaded with chains ; 
 thej were astonished, and inquired into the oc- 
 casion of his disgrace : lie related the whole af- 
 fair, and they feeling great indignation on ac- 
 count of the injurious treatment which their 
 friend had suffered, desired him not to despair, 
 as they would soon procure him his liberty. 
 
 “ They immediately hastened from the prison 
 to the palace, and the chief of them was a man 
 whom the king much respected; and when he 
 had related the story of the merchant, and of 
 the pearls which they had given him, the king 
 became convinced of the jeweller’s guilt, and in- 
 stantly ordered him to be seized and brought be- 
 fore him, and at the same time that the mer- 
 chant should be released from prison. When the 
 jeweller appeared before the king, his confusion 
 and trembling betrayed his guilt : the king asked 
 him why he had thus injured a stranger? but he 
 remained silent ; and was then led away to 
 execution. The king caused to be proclaimed 
 throughout the city, 4 Such is to be the punish- 
 ment of those who shall injure or do wrong to 
 strangers,’ 
 
3o 
 
 <f He directed, also, that the property of the 
 jeweller should be transferred to the merchant. 
 Supposing that a man who had seen so much of 
 the world, both of prosperity and adversity, 
 must be well qualified for the service of a king, 
 he ordered a splendid robe to be given to the 
 merchant, and desired that he should be puri- 
 fied from the filth of a prison in a warm bath, 
 and appointed him keeper of the treasury. 
 
 “ The merchant employed himself diligently 
 in the duties of his station ; but there was a 
 vizier who became envious of his good fortune, 
 and resolved to devise some stratagem whereby 
 to effect his ruin. 
 
 “ The king’s daughter had a summer-house 
 adjoining the Treasury, and it washer custom to 
 visit this summer-house, during six months of the 
 year, once every month. It happened that a 
 mouse had made a hole quite through the wall 
 of the Treasury; and one day the merchant hav- 
 ing occasion to drive a nail into the wall, it 
 entered into the hole which the mouse had made, 
 and went through and caused a brick to fall 
 out on the road which led to the princess’s 
 
31 
 
 summer-house. The merchant went imme* 
 diatelj and stopped up the hole with clay. 
 
 “ The malicious vizier, having discovered this 
 circumstance, hastened to the king, and informed 
 him that he had seen the merchant making a 
 hole through the wall of the summer-house, and 
 that when he had found himself detected, he had, 
 in shame and confusion, stopped it up with clay. 
 The king was astonished at this information : he 
 arose and proceeded to the Treasury, where, finding 
 the merchant’s hands yet dirty from the clay, he 
 believed what the vizier had told him, and, on 
 returning to his palace, ordered his attendants to 
 put out the merchant’s eyes, and to turn him 
 out at the palace-gate. After this the king went 
 to the summer-house, that he might pay a visit 
 to his daughter ; but he found that she had not 
 been there for some time, having gone to amuse 
 herself in the gardens. On proceeding to the 
 Treasury, the king discovered the hole, which 
 had evidently been the work of a mouse : from 
 these circumstances he began to suspect the 
 
 truth of the vizier’s information, and at last be- 
 
 « 
 
 ing convinced that the merchant was innocent. 
 
32 
 
 he ordered the vizier to be punished. He la- 
 mented exceedingly the hard fate of the mer- 
 chant, and was much grieved at his own pre- 
 cipitancy ; but his condolence and his sorrow 
 were of no avail.” 
 
 Having related this story, Bakhtyar observed, 
 that the king would have prevented all this dis- 
 tress had he taken some time to inquire into the 
 affair, and entreated a further respite, that he 
 might be enabled to prove bis innocence. 
 
 The king, being pleased with the recital of 
 this story, complied with Bakhtyar’ s request, 
 and ordered him to be taken back to prison for 
 that day. 
 
33 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Story of the King of Aleppo. 
 
 On the following morning the third vizier pre- 
 sented himself before the king, and, hewing paid 
 his respects, expressed many apprehensions that 
 the indulgence shewn to Bakhtyar might prove 
 of dangerous consequences, by encouraging other 
 criminals, and strongly advised his speedy exe- 
 cution. The king having sent for Bakhtyar, 
 the executioner prepared to blindfold him ; but 
 he petitioned for mercy, and said, “ The impri- 
 “ sonment of suspected persons is certainly a just 
 “ measure, as the guilt or innocence of the pri- 
 “ soner will probably be ascertained in the 
 “ course of time ; but if a king will not have 
 “ patience, but punish without due investigation 
 “ of the offence, what can result from such pre- 
 “ cipitancy but affliction and repentance ? Thus 
 “ it happened to a son of the king of Aleppo, 
 “ whose impatience occasioned the loss of that 
 “ kingdom, and infinite misery.” 
 
 The king’s curiosity being excited, he desired 
 
 F 
 
34 
 
 Bakhtyar to relate the story of the impatient 
 prince of Aleppo : and Bakhtyar, having kissed 
 the ground of obedience, thus began : — 
 
 “ The king of Aleppo was an upright and 
 generous monarch, who protected strangers, and 
 permitted not any person to oppress or insult 
 another : and he had a son named Belizad, a 
 young man of excellent genius, polite accom- 
 plishments, and many good qualities ; but so 
 very impatient, that he would not admit a mo- 
 ment’s delay in the gratification of any desire, 
 whatsoever might be the consequences of his 
 rash haste. It happened once, that, being seated 
 with several of his companions, he desired one 
 of them to relate his adventures. The young 
 man accordingly began his story in the follow- 
 ing words : 
 
 * About two years ago, being in possession 
 of considerable wealth, I purchased several 
 beasts of burthen, and, having loaded them 
 with various commodities, I undertook a jour- 
 ney ; but on the way was attacked by robbers, 
 who plundered me of all my property, and I pro- 
 ceeded with a disconsolate heart until night came 
 
35 
 
 on, and I found myself in a place without any 
 vestige of inhabitants. I took shelter beneath a 
 great tree, and had remained there for some time, 
 when I perceived a light, and several persons, 
 who passed by with much festivity and mirth. 
 After them came some who held vessels full of 
 burning incense, so very fragrant that the desert 
 was perfumed by its delightful odour. When 
 they had passed on, a magnificent litter appear- 
 ed, before which walked several damsels holding 
 torches scented with ambergris. In the litter 
 was seated a fair-one of such exquisite beauty, 
 that the radiance of her charms far exceeded the 
 light of the torches, and quite dazzled my fasci- 
 nated eyes.’ 
 
 “ When the young man had advanced thus far 
 in his narrative, Behzad began to shew symp- 
 toms of impatience, having fallen in love with 
 the lady though unseen. 
 
 “ The young man continued his story, and said: 
 4 The next morning I proceeded on my journey, 
 and arrived at the city of Roum, the capital and 
 residence of the Kciisar, or Greek emperor ; 
 and, having made inquiries, I was informed that 
 
 f 2 
 
36 
 
 the lovely damsel whom I had seen was the 
 princess Negarin, daughter of the kaisar, w r ho 
 had a villa at a little distance from the city, to 
 which she sometimes went for recreation.’ 
 
 “ Here the young man concluded his narra- 
 tive and Prince Behzad immediately arose and 
 hastened to the house of the vizier, and said, 
 ‘ You must go this moment to my father and 
 tell him that, if he is solicitous about my happi- 
 ness, he will provide me a wife without delay.’ 
 The vizier accordingly went to the palace and 
 informed the king of Behzad’s wishes. The 
 king desired the vizier to assure the prince that 
 he only waited to find a suitable match for him ; 
 but that if he had fixed his affections on any fair 
 object, he would do every thing in his power to 
 obtain her for him. This being reported to Beh- 
 zad, he sent back the vizier with another mes- 
 sage to the king, informing him that the object 
 of his choice was the princess Negarin, the 
 lovely daughter of the kaisar of Roum, and re- 
 questing that ambassadours might be sent to ask 
 her in marriage for him. The king replied to 
 this message, and said : 1 Tell Behzad that it 
 were in vain for me to send ambassadours on 
 
37 
 
 such an errand to the kaisar : he is a powerful 
 emperor of Roum, and I only the petty sove- 
 reign of Aleppo : we are of different religions, 
 and of different manners ; and there is not any 
 probability that he would comply with our de- 
 mand.’ 
 
 “ The vizier returned to Behzad, and delivered 
 him this message from his father. The impa- 
 tient prince immediately declared, that if the 
 king would not send ambassadours to solicit the 
 kaisar’s daughter in marriage for him, he would 
 set out on that errand himself. 
 
 “ The king, being informed of his son’s reso- 
 lution, sent for the prince, whom he loved with 
 a tender affection, and at last consented that 
 ambassadours should be dispatched to Roum. 
 The kaisar received with due respect the ambas- 
 sadours from the king of Aleppo ; but when they 
 disclosed the object of their mission, he replied 
 with great indignation, and informed them, that 
 no one should obtain his daughter without pay- 
 ing the sum of an hundred lacks of dinars, or 
 pieces of gold ; and that whoever should consent 
 
38 
 
 to pay that sum might become her husband. 
 The ambassadours returned to Aleppo, and re- 
 lated to the king all that the kaisar had said. * 
 ‘ Did 1 not tell you,’ said the king to Behzad, 
 
 * that the Greek emperor would refuse his con- 
 
 * sent to so unequal a match ?’ — ‘ He has not re- 
 fused his consent,’ replied Behzad ; ‘ but he re- 
 quires money, which must be immediately sent.’ 
 The king declared that he could not make up so 
 considerable a sum : but, at Behzad' s request, 
 having collected all his wealth, he found he pos- 
 sessed thirty lacks. Behzad then urged him to 
 sell his male and female slaves, and all his house- 
 hold goods. Having done so, he found that 
 they produced twenty lacks. Then Behzad ad- 
 vised the king to make up the requisite sum, by 
 compelling his subjects to contribute their mo- 
 ney ; but the king was not willing to distress 
 his people. However, by the persuasion of 
 Behzad, he extorted from them an additional 
 sum of twenty lacks. Having thus collected 
 seventy lacks of dinars, Behzad proposed that 
 they should be immediately transmitted to the 
 kaisar of Roum. Letters were accordingly writ- 
 ten, and messengers dispatched with the money, 
 who were instructed to say that the remaining 
 
3Q 
 
 sum of thirty lacks should speedily be sent 
 after. 
 
 “ When these messengers arrived at Roum, they 
 presented the letters and gifts to the kaisar, with 
 the money. He treated the messengers with 
 great respect, accepted the money, and agreed 
 to the proposed conditions : after which they 
 returned to Aleppo, and reported their success. 
 Behzad then urged his father to collect by any 
 means the thirty lacks of dinars still deficient, 
 either by a forced loan from the merchants, or 
 by taxing the peasants of the country : but the 
 king advised him to be patient, and wait until 
 they should recover from the effects of the late 
 exactions ; and said, ( You have already rendered 
 me poor, and now you wish to complete my 
 ruin, and occasion the loss of my kingdom.’ 
 
 “ Behzad desired his father to keep his king- 
 dom, and declared his intention of setting out 
 immediately. The king, much afflicted at the 
 thoughts of his son’s departure, entreated him to 
 wait one year, that the people might forget the 
 sums they had already paid : but Behzad would 
 not consent. The king then begged that he 
 
40 
 
 would be patient for six months : this also he 
 refused. ‘ Wait even three months,’ said his 
 father. f I cannot wait three days,’ said the im- 
 patient youth. On which the king, disgusted 
 with such obstinacy, desired his son to go 
 wheresoever he pleased. Behzad immediately 
 retired; and, having clothed himself in armour, 
 with two confidential servants, set out upon his 
 journey. It happened that one morning they 
 overtook a caravan, consisting of an hundred 
 camels loaded with valuable commodities, pro- 
 ceeding on the way to Roum. The chief of this 
 caravan was a man of considerable wealth, with 
 a numerous train of attendants, and he was held 
 in great esteem by the kaisar. When Behzad 
 and his two companions espied the caravan, 
 they rushed forward with loud shouts, but were 
 instantly seized, and their hands and feet bound : 
 they were then brought before the Chief, who 
 ordered that they should be flung upon a camel. 
 When they arrived at Roum, the Chief took Beh- 
 zad to his own house, and kept him confined 
 for three days. On the third day, having look- 
 ed attentively at the young man, he discovered 
 in his air and manner something that bespoke 
 his princely origin and education : he inquired 
 
41 
 
 into the circumstances of his adventure : but 
 Behzad answered only with tears. The chief 
 then said, ‘ If you tell me the truth of this af- 
 fair, I will set you free ; and if you do not, I 
 shall inform the kaisar of your offence, and he 
 will cause you to be hanged.’ 
 
 “ Behzad, not knowing what else to do, re- 
 lated his whole history to the chief of the cara- 
 van, who, moved with compassion, desired him 
 not to despair, for that he would lend him the 
 thirty lacks of dinars, and would procure him 
 the kaisar’s daughter, on condition of being re- 
 paid whenever Behzad should become king. 
 
 “ To this Behzad gladly consented ; and the 
 chief, having untied his fetters, cloathed him in 
 royal garments, and dressed his servants also in 
 splendid attire; and, having given him thirty 
 lacks of dinars, he led him to the palace : then 
 he left Behzad at the door, whilst he himself 
 went in and informed the kaisar that the Prince 
 of Aleppo was waiting for the honour of pre- 
 senting to his majesty the thirty lacks of dinars, 
 which he had brought sealed up. 
 
 J5- 
 
42 
 
 u The kaisar consented to receive Behzad, 
 who, being introduced, paid due homage, and 
 was treated with great kindness, and placed by 
 the kaisar’ s side. After much conversation, the 
 kaisar desired him to declare the object of his 
 wishes, and promised that whatever it might be 
 lie would endeavour to procure it for him. Beh- 
 zad replied, that his only desire in this world 
 was to obtain the princess for his wife. The 
 kaisar begged that he would wait ten days : but 
 to this delay he would not consent. The kaisar 
 then entreated that he would be patient for five 
 days : this also he refused. ‘ At least,’ said the 
 kaisar, * wait three days, that the women may 
 have time to make the necessary preparations.’ 
 But Behzad would not consent. ‘ This one dav, 
 however,’ said the kaisar, ‘ you must be patient, 
 and to-morrow you shall espouse my daughter.’ 
 — £ Since it must be so,’ replied Behzad, £ l’il 
 wait this day, but no longer.’ The kaisar gave 
 orders that the princess should be brought to the 
 garden of the palace, and all the nobles assem- 
 bled, and banquets provided for the entertain- 
 ment of Behzad. When night came, Behzad, 
 having indulged in wine, became impatient to 
 behold the princess, and, going to the summer- 
 
43 
 
 house, in which she was, he discovered an aper- 
 ture in the wall, to which he applied his eye. 
 The princess at that moment happened to per- 
 ceive the aperture, and found that some person 
 was looking at her through it. She immediately 
 ordered her attendants to burn out his eyes with 
 red-hot irons. 
 
 “ This order was put in execution without 
 delay. The unhappy Behzad, crying aloud, fell 
 on the ground, deprived of sight. His voice be- 
 ing at length recognized, the servants ran out 
 and beheld him rolling in agony on the ground. 
 They exclaimed, and tore their hair, but all in 
 vain. The news was brought to the kaisar, 
 who said, * What can be done ? This silly youth 
 has brought the evil on himself by his own im- 
 patience, and has occasioned the loss of his own 
 eyes.’ He then directed that Behzad should be 
 sent back to Aleppo, as he could not give his 
 daughter to a person deprived of sight. 
 
 “ When the unhappy youth returned to Alep- 
 po, his father and mother, and the inhabitants 
 of the city, all wept at his misfortunes ; but their 
 compassion was of no avail. After some time, 
 
 G 3 
 
44 
 
 the king died ; but the people introduced a 
 stranger and placed him on the throne, saying, 
 that a blind man was not capable of governing. 
 And the remainder of Behzad’s life passed away 
 in misery, and in repentance for his rashness and 
 impatience.” 
 
 “ Now,” added Bakhtyar, “ had that unfor- 
 tunate young man waited until night, the prin- 
 cess Negarin would have been his, and he would 
 have saved his eyes and his kingdom, and not 
 have had occasion to repent of impatience. If 
 the king will send me back to prison, he will 
 not be sorry for the delay, as my innocence will 
 hereafter appear : and, if he hasten my execu- 
 tion, any future repentance will not avail.” 
 
 The king ordered Bakhtyar to go back to pri- 
 son for that day. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Story of Abou Saber, the Patient Alan. 
 
 On the following day, the fourth vizier pre- 
 sented himself before the king, and having paid 
 his respects, advised him not to defer any longer 
 the execution of Bakhtyar. The king imme- 
 diately gave orders that the young man should 
 be brought from the prison ; the executioner 
 with a drawn sword stood ready to perform his 
 part, when Bakhtyar exclaimed, “ Long be the 
 “ king’s life ! Let him not be precipitate in put- 
 “ ing me to death ; but as I have, in the story 
 “ of Behzad, described the fatal consequences 
 “ of rashness, let me be permitted to celebrate 
 “ the blessings attendant on forbearance, and re- 
 “ count the adventures of Abou Saber, the pa- 
 “ tient man.” The king’s curiosity being ex- 
 cited, he desired Bakhtyar to relate the story, 
 which he accordingly began in the following 
 words : 
 
 “ There lived in a certain village, a worthy 
 man, whose principal riches consisted in a 
 
40 
 
 good understanding and an inexhaustible stock 
 of patience. On account of those qualifications, 
 he was so much respected by all his neighbours, 
 that his advice was followed on every occasion 
 of importance. 
 
 “ It happened once, that a tax-gatherer came 
 to this village, and extorted from the poor pea- 
 sants their miserable pittance, with such circum- 
 stances of cruelty and injustice, that they could 
 not any longer submit to the oppression : a num- 
 ber of the young men having assembled in a body, 
 slew the tax-gatherer and fled. 
 
 “ The other inhabitants, who had not been con- 
 cerned in this transaction, came to Abou Saber, 
 and begged that he would accompany them to 
 the king, and relate to his majesty the circum- 
 stances as they had happened ; but Abou Saber 
 told them, that he had drank of the sherbet of 
 patience, and would not intermeddle in such af- 
 fairs. When the king was informed of the tax- 
 gatherer’s death, he ordered his servants to 
 punish the people of that village, and to strip 
 them of al l their property. 
 
s< After two years, it happened that a lion 
 took up his abode in the neighbourhood, and 
 destroyed so many children, that no person 
 would venture to cultivate the ground, or attend 
 the harvest, from fear of being devoured. In 
 this distress, the villagers went to Abou Saber, 
 and entreated him to associate with them in some 
 measures for their relief ; but he replied, 4 that 
 patience was his only remedy.’ 
 
 “ It happened soon after, that the king, being 
 on a hunting party, arrived in the vicinity of 
 this place ; and the inhabitants presenting them- 
 selves before him, related the story of the tax- 
 gatherer, the consequences of the king’s anger, 
 and their dread of the lion. The king, pitying 
 them, asked why they had not sent some person 
 to inform him of their distresses. They replied, 
 ' That Abou Saber, the chief man of the village, 
 whose assistance they solicited, had declined 
 interfering in the matter.’ The king hearing 
 this, was enraged, and gave orders that Abou 
 Saber should be driven forth from the villag;e : 
 these orders were instantly put im execution, and 
 the king sent people to destroy the lion. 
 
43 
 
 “ With a heavy heart Abou Saber commenced 
 his journey, accompanied by his wife and two 
 sons : it happened that they were soon over- 
 taken by some robbers, who, not perceiving any 
 thing more valuable of which they might strip 
 him, resolved to carry off the two bovs and sell 
 them ; they accordingly seized the poor children 
 and bore them away. The wife began to cry and 
 weep most bitterly ; but Abou Saber recom- 
 mended patience. They then proceeded on their 
 journey, and travelled all night and all day, till, 
 faint from hunger and thirst, weary and fatigued, 
 they at length approached a village, in the out- 
 lets of which Abou Saber left his wife, whilst 
 he went to procure some food. He was em- 
 ployed on this business in the village, when a 
 robber happened to discover the woman, and 
 seeing that she was a stranger, handsome, and 
 unprotected, he seized her with violence, and 
 declared that he would take her as his wife. 
 After many tears and supplications, (finding the 
 robber determined to carry her away,) she 
 contrived to write upon the ground with blood 
 which she had procured by biting her own 
 finger. When Abou Saber returned from the 
 
49 
 
 village, and sought his wife in the spot where 
 he had left her, the words which she had written 
 sufficiently explained the occasion of her ab- 
 sence. 
 
 “ He wept at this new misfortune, and im- 
 plored the Almighty to bestow patience on his 
 wife, and enable her to bear whatever should 
 befal her. 
 
 “ With a disconsolate heart, Abou Saber 
 proceeded on his solitary journey, until he 
 came to the gate of a certain city where a king 
 resided, who was very tyrannical and impious ; 
 and it happened at this time, that he had or- 
 dered a summer-house to be erected, and every 
 stranger who approached the city was by his 
 command seized and compelled to work, being 
 guarded day and night, and fed with a scanty 
 portion of coarse black bread. 
 
 “ Abou Saber was immediately seized and 
 dragged to the building ; when a heavy load was 
 placed upon his shoulders, and he was obliged 
 to ascend a ladder of seventy steps. In this 
 distress he consoled himself by reflections on the 
 
 H 
 
so 
 
 advantages of patience, the only remedy within 
 his power, for the evils which had occurred. 
 
 “ It happened, on this day, that the king was 
 sitting in a corner of the building, superintending 
 the work, when he overheard Abou Saber inquire 
 of another man, what time they might expect to 
 be relieved from this excessive fatigue ? The man 
 informed Abou Saber, that it was three months 
 since he had been thus laboriously employed, 
 and languishing for a sight of his .beloved wife 
 and children. “ During this space of time,” 
 added he, “ I have not had any intelligence of 
 “ them ; and I long for permission to visit them, 
 “ were it but for one night.” Abou Saber de- 
 sired him to be patient ; for that providence 
 would relieve him at last from the oppression 
 under which he suffered. 
 
 “ All this conversation the king overheard. 
 After some time, Abou Saber, being faint from 
 excessive fatigue, fell senseless from the steps of 
 the ladder, by which accident his legs and arms 
 were dislocated. The king, however, provoked 
 to anger by what he had heard, ordered that 
 Abou Saber should be brought before him, and, 
 
51 
 
 having upbraided him with inconsistency in re- 
 commending patience to another person, when 
 he himself could not practise it, he ordered him 
 to be punished with fifty stripes, and thrown into 
 prison. This sentence was immediately put into 
 execution, and Abou Saber, supporting his head on 
 the knees of patience, implored the protection of 
 the Almighty, with perfect submission to his di- 
 vine dispensations. After some time had elapsed, 
 it happened that the king was affected one night 
 by a violent cholic, of which he died in ex- 
 cessive agony ; and as he did not leave any heir 
 to the crown, the people of the city assembled 
 in order to elect a king. 
 
 “ It was resolved that they should go to the 
 prison, and propose three questions to the 
 criminals confined there ; and that whoever gave 
 the best answer, should be chosen king. In 
 consequence of this resolution, they proceeded 
 to the prison, and asked the three questions ; to 
 which none of the prisoners replied, except Abou 
 Saber, whose answers were so ingenious, that 
 he was borne triumphantly away, washed in a 
 warm bath, clothed in royal garmerits, and 
 
52 
 
 placed upon the throne ; after which all the in- 
 habitants came and paid him homage : and he 
 governed with such mildness and wisdom, that 
 the people night and day offered up their prayers 
 for him ; and the fame of his justice and liberality 
 was spread all over the world. 
 
 “ One day it happened that two men attended 
 at his tribunal and demanded an audience. Abou 
 Saber caused them to be brought before him : 
 one of those men was a merchant, and the other 
 the robber who had carried off the sons of Abou 
 Saber. The robber he immediately recognised, 
 but was silent. The merchant then addressed 
 him and said, ‘ Long be the king’s life ! This 
 man sold to me two boys ; and after some time, 
 these boys began to say, 4 we are freemen, we 
 are the sons of a mussulman ; and that man 
 carried us away by force, and sold us, at which 
 time, from fear of him, we were afraid to say 
 that we were freemen.’ Now, added the mer- 
 chant, 4 let the long order this man to return me 
 the money, and take back the boys.’ Abou 
 Saber then asked the robber what he had to say. 
 The man answered, that it was the merchant’s 
 
53 
 
 fault who had not taken good care of the 
 boys ; but that for his own part he had always 
 treated them well, which induced them to make 
 this complaint, in order that he might take them 
 back. 
 
 “ Abou Saber then sent for the two boys, wdio 
 proved to be his own sons. He knew them, bur 
 they had not any recollection of him : he desired 
 them to explain this matter ; and they declared 
 the robber had carried them away from their 
 father and mother to his own dwelling, and 
 had desired them not to say, on any account, 
 that they were freemen ; but that when sold as 
 slaves, they could not any longer suppress their 
 complaints. Abou Saber, much affected by their 
 story, ordered them to tell their names, and 
 then sent them' to his own apartments ; after 
 which he caused the robber to be imprisoned, 
 and the merchant’s money to be deposited in the 
 public treasury. 
 
 “ On another day it happened that tw r o persons 
 in like manner solicited an audience of the 
 king. When they were admitted, one proved to 
 
54 
 
 be the wife of Abou Saber, and the other the 
 man who had taken her away by force ; but Abou 
 Saber did not know his wife, because she wore 
 her veil. The robber having paid his respects, 
 informed the king that this woman, who had 
 lived with him for some time, would not con- 
 sent to perform the duties of a wife. Abou Saber 
 addressed the woman, and asked her why she 
 refused to obey her husband ? She immediately 
 answered, and declared that this man was not 
 her husband ; that she was the wife of a person 
 named Abou Saber ; and that this man had taken 
 her to his house against her inclination. 
 
 “ Abou Saber ordered his servants to take 
 the woman to his haram ; and having made a 
 proclamation, and assembled all the inhabitants 
 of the city, and caused the robber who had taken 
 away his sons, and the man who had carried off 
 his wife, to be brought before them, and having 
 explained the nature of their offences, and related 
 the circumstances of his own storv. he crave 
 
 •/ O 
 
 orders for their execution. 
 
 “ After this, he passed the remainder of his 
 
55 
 
 life in peaceful enjoyment of the supreme power, 
 which at his death devolved upon his son, and 
 continued for many generations in the family, 
 as the reward of his patience.” 
 
 Here Bakhtyar concluded his story, and by 
 desire of the king was sent back to prison. 
 
 « 
 
50 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 Stojy of the King of Yemen and his Slave 
 Ahrahah. 
 
 When the next morning arrived, the fifth vi- 
 zier waited upon the king, and represented the 
 danger that might attend any further delay in 
 the execution of Bakhtyar, as the indulgence 
 which had been shewn to him would be an en- 
 couragement to others, and induce them to com- 
 mit offences, by giving them hopes of impunity. 
 In consequence of this, the king ordered every 
 thing to be prepared for the execution of the 
 young man, who, being brought before him, in- 
 treated his majesty for a longer respite, and as- 
 sured him, that he would, on a future day, be as 
 rejoiced at having spared his life, as a certain 
 king of Yemen was at having pardoned the of- 
 fence of his slave. The king desired Bakhtyar 
 to relate the particular circumstances of this sto- 
 ry ; and he accordingly began it in the following 
 manner : 
 
 “ In former times the kingdom of Yemen was 
 
57 
 
 governed by a very powerful but tyrannical 
 prince, who, for the slightest offences, inflicted 
 the most severe punishments. He had, how- 
 ever, a certain slave, named Abrahah, of whom 
 he w~as very fond. This young man was son of 
 the king of Zanguebar, who by chance had 
 fallen into slavery, and never disclosed the se- 
 cret of his birth. 
 
 “ Abrahah used frequently to attend the king 
 of Yemen on his hunting parties. During one of 
 these excursions, it happened that a deer bound- 
 ed before the king’s horse : he discharged some 
 arrows at it without effect ; when Abrahah, who 
 was close behind him, spurred on his horse, and 
 aimed a broad-bladed arrow at the deer : but it 
 so happened that the arrow passed by the side of 
 the king’s head, and cut off one of his ears. The 
 king, in the first impulse of anger, ordered his at- 
 tendants to seize Abrahah ; but afterwards de- 
 clared that he pardoned his offence. They then, 
 returned to the city ; and, after some time had 
 elapsed, having gone on board a vessel and sailed 
 into the ocean, a tempest arose, and the ship 
 was wrecked, and the king saved himself by 
 clinging to a plank, and was driven on the coast 
 
 i 
 
58 
 
 of Zanguebar. Having returned thanks to Pro- 
 vidence for his preservation, he proceeded till he 
 reached the chief city of that country. As it 
 was night, the doors of the houses and all the 
 shops were shut ; and, not knowing where he 
 might find a better place of repose, he sheltered 
 himself under the shade of a merchant’s house. 
 It happened that some thieves, in the course of 
 the night, broke open the house, and, having 
 murdered the merchant and his servants, plun- 
 dered it of every thing; that was valuable. The 
 king of Yemen, overcome by fatigue, had slept 
 the whole time, unconscious of this transaction ; 
 but some of the blood had by accident fallen on 
 his clothes. 
 
 “ When morning came, every body was em- 
 ployed in endeavouring to discover the murder- 
 ers of the merchant ; and the stranger being 
 found so near the house, with blood upon his 
 clothes, was immediately seized, and dragged 
 before the tribunal of the king. The king of 
 Zanguebar asked him why he had chosen his ca- 
 pital as the scene of such an infamous murder ; 
 and desired him to acknowledge who were his 
 accomplices, and how he had disposed of the 
 
59 
 
 merchant’s property. The king of Yemen de- 
 clared that he was innocent, and perfectly igno- 
 rant of the whole transaction : that he was of a 
 princely family ; and, having been shipwrecked, 
 was driven on that coast, and had by accident 
 reposed himself under the shade of that house 
 when the murder was committed. The king of 
 Zanguebar then inquired of him by what means 
 his clothes had become stained with blood, and, 
 finding that the stranger could not account for 
 that circumstance, he ordered the officers of 
 justice to lead him away to execution. The un- 
 fortunate king of Yemen entreated for mercy, 
 and asserted, that his innocence would on some 
 future day become apparent. 
 
 “ The king consented to defer his execution 
 for a while ; and he was sent to prison. 
 
 “ On one side of the prison there was an exten- 
 sive plain, with a running stream, to which, 
 every day, the prisoners were brought, that they 
 might wash themselves ; and it w T as the custom 
 that once every week the king resorted to that 
 plain, where he gave public audience to persons 
 of all ranks. On one of those days the king of 
 
 i 2 
 
Co 
 
 Zanguebar was on the plain, surrounded by his 
 troops, and the prisoners were sitting by the side 
 of the stream, along which ran a wall of the 
 prison. It happened that Abrahah, who had 
 been the king of Yemen’s slave, was standing 
 near this wall, but his former master did not 
 recognize him, as they had been separated for 
 some time, Abrahah having found means to re- 
 turn to Zanguebar, his native country. 
 
 “ At this moment a crow chanced to light 
 upon the wall, which the king of Yemen per- 
 ceived, and taking up a large flat bone, he threw 
 it with his utmost strength, and exclaimed, ‘ if I 
 * succeed in hitting that crow, I shall obtain my 
 4 liberty but he missed his aim ; the bone pas- 
 sed by the crow, and striking the cheek of Abra- 
 hah, cut off one of his ears. Abrahah immedi- 
 ately caused an inquiry to be made, and the per- 
 son who had thrown the bone to be brought be- 
 fore the king, who called him a base-born dog, 
 and ordered the executioner to cut off his head. 
 The king of Yemen sued for mercy, and re- 
 quested, that at most he might be punished accord- 
 ing to the laws of retaliation, which would not 
 award a head for an ear. The king gave orders 
 
61 
 
 that one of his ears should be cut off; and the 
 executioner was preparing to fulfil this sentence, 
 when he perceived that the prisoner had already 
 lost an ear. 
 
 “ This circumstance occasioned much surprise, 
 and excited the king’s curiosity ; he told the pri- 
 soner that he would pardon him, on condition 
 of his relating the true story of his adventures. 
 
 ie The king of Yemen immediately disclosed his 
 real name and rank, described the accident by 
 which he lost his ear, the shipwreck which he 
 suffered, and the circumstances which occasioned 
 his imprisonment, 
 
 “ At the conclusion of his narrative, Abrahah 
 having recognized his former master, fell at his 
 feet, embraced him and wept. They mutually 
 forgave each other ; and the king of Yemen being 
 taken to a warm bath, was clothed in royal gar- 
 ments, mounted on a noble charger, and con- 
 ducted to the palace. After which he was fur- 
 nished with a variety of splendid robes and suits 
 of armour, horses, slaves and damsels. During 
 two months he was feasted and entertained with 
 
62 
 
 the utmost hospitality and magnificence, at- 
 tended constantly by Abrahah. In the course 
 of this time, the robbers who had murdered the 
 merchant, were discovered and punished ; and 
 after that the king of Yemen returned to his own 
 country.” 
 
 Bakhtyar having thus demonstrated that ap- 
 pearances might be very strong against an in- 
 nocent person, the king resolved to defer his exe- 
 cution for another day, and he was accordingly 
 led back to prison. 
 
03 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 The Story of King Dadein and his two 
 Viziers. 
 
 On the following day, the sixth vizier having 
 paid his respects to the king, represented the 
 danger of letting an enemy live wTien in one’s 
 power, and, by many artful speeches, induced 
 his majesty to order the execution of Bakhtyar, 
 who was immediately brought from the prison. 
 When he came before the king, he persisted in 
 declaring his innocence, and advised him not to 
 be precipitate, like king Dadein, in putting to 
 death a person on the malicious accusation of 
 an enemy. 
 
 The king, desirous of hearing the story to which 
 Bakhtyar alluded, ordered him to relate it ; and 
 he began as follows : 
 
 “ There was a certain king named Dadein, 
 who had two viziers, Kardar and Kamgar ; and 
 the daughter of Kamgar was the most lovely 
 creature of the age. It happened that the king. 
 
Cl 
 
 proceeding on a hunting excursion, took along 
 with him the father of this beautiful damsel, and 
 left the charge of government in the hands of 
 Kardar. 
 
 “ One day, during the warm season, Kardar 
 passing near the palace of Kamgar, beheld this 
 fair damsel walking in the garden, and became 
 enamoured of her beauty ; but having reason to 
 believe that her father would not consent to be- 
 stow her on him, he resolved to devise some 
 stratagem whereby he might obtain the object 
 of his desires. — * At the king’s return from the 
 ‘ chace,’ said he, ‘ I’ll represent the charms of 
 ‘ this damsel in such glowing colours, that he 
 ‘ will not fail to demand her in marriage, and 
 ‘ I’ll then contrive to excite his anger against 
 
 * her, in consequence of which he shall deliver 
 4 her to me for punishment ; and thus my de- 
 
 * signs shall be accomplished.’ 
 
 “ One day after the king’s return from the 
 hunting party, he desired Kardar to inform him 
 of the principal events which had occurred dur- 
 ing his absence. Kardar replied that his ma- 
 jesty's subjects had been all solicitous for his 
 
65 
 
 prosperity ; but that he had himself seen one of 
 the most astonishing objects of the universe. The 
 king’s curiosity being thus excited, he ordered 
 Kardar to describe what he had seen : and Kar- 
 dar dwelt with such praises on the fascinating 
 charms of Kamgar’s daughter, that the king be- 
 came enamoured of her, and said, f But how is 
 this damsel to be obtained ?’ — Kardar replied, 
 c There is not any difficulty in this business ; it 
 is not necessary to employ either money or mes- 
 sengers : your majesty needs only to acquaint her 
 father with your wishes.’ 
 
 “ The king approved of this counsel, and hav- 
 ing sent for Kamgar, mentioned the affair to him 
 accordingly. Kamgar, with due submission, de- 
 clared, ‘ that if he possessed an hundred daugh- 
 ters, they should all be at his majesty’s com- 
 mand ;’ but begged permission to retire and in- 
 form the damsel of the honour designed for her. 
 Having obtained leave, he hastened to his daugh- 
 ter, and related to her all that passed between 
 the king and him. The damsel expressed her 
 dislike to the proposed connection ; but the fa- 
 ther dreading the king’s anger in case of a refu- 
 sal, knew not how to act. ‘ Contrive some de- 
 
 K 
 
66 
 
 lay/ said she ; f solicit leave of absence for a few 
 days, and let us fly from this country.’ Kamgar 
 approved of this advice; and having waited on 
 the king, obtained leave to absent himself from 
 court for ten days, under pretence of making the 
 preparations necessary for a female on the eve of 
 matrimony ; and when night came on, he fled 
 from the city with his daughter. 
 
 “ Next day the king was informed of their 
 flight ; in consequence of which he sent off two 
 hundred servants to seek them in various di- 
 rections; and the officious Kardar set out also in 
 pursuit of them. After ten days, they were sur- 
 prised by the side of a well, taken and bound, 
 and brought before the king, who, in his anger, 
 dashed out the brains of Kamgar : then looking 
 on the daughter of the unfortunate man, her 
 beauty so much affected him, that he sent her to 
 his palace, and appointed servants to attend her, 
 besides a cook, who, at his own request, was 
 added to her establishment. After some time, 
 Kardar became impatient, and enraged at the 
 failure of his project ; but he resolved to try the 
 success of another scheme. It happened that the 
 encroachments of a powerful enemy rendered 
 
07 
 
 the king’s presence necessary among the troops ; 
 and on setting out to join the army, he com- 
 mitted the management of affairs, and the go- 
 vernment of the city, to Kardar, whose mind 
 was wholly filled with stratagems for getting the 
 daughter of Kamgar into his power. 
 
 “ One day he was passing near the palace, 
 and discovered her sitting alone on the balcony ; 
 to attract her attention he threw up a piece of 
 brick or tile, and on her looking down to see 
 from whence it came, she beheld Kardar. He 
 addressed her with the usual salutation, which 
 she returned. He then began to declare his ad- 
 miration of her beauty, and the violence of his 
 love, which deprived him of repose both day and 
 night ; and concluded by urging her to elope 
 with him, saying that he would take as much 
 money as they could possibly want ; or, if she 
 would consent, that he was ready to destroy the 
 king by poison, and seize upon the throne him- 
 self. 
 
 “ The daughter of Kamgar replied to this pro- 
 posal, by upbraiding Kardar with his baseness 
 and perfidy. When he asked her how she could 
 
 k 2 
 
08 
 
 ever fix her affections on the man who had killed 
 her father, she answered, that such had been the 
 will of God, and that she was resolved to sub- 
 mit accordingly. Having spoken thus, she re- 
 tired ; and Kardar, fearing lest she should relate 
 to the king what had passed between them, 
 hastened to meet him as he returned in triumph 
 after conquering his enemies ; and whilst walk- 
 ing along by the side of the king’s horse, began 
 to inform his majesty of all that happened in his 
 absence. Having mentioned several occurrences, 
 he added, that one circumstance was of such a 
 nature that he could not prevail on himself to 
 relate it. It was such as the king would be very 
 much displeased at hearing. The king’s curio- 
 sity being thus excited, he ordered Kardar to re- 
 late this occurrence ; and he, declaring that it 
 was a most ungrateful task, informed him, that 
 it was a maxim of the wise men, ‘ when you 
 have killed a serpent, you should also kill its 
 young.’ He then proceeded to relate, that one 
 day during the warm season, being seated near 
 the door of the haram, he overheard some voices, 
 and that his suspicions being excited, he con- 
 cealed himself behind the hangings, and listened 
 attentively, when he heard the daughter of Kam- 
 
 O 
 
Og 
 
 gar express her affection for the cook, who, in 
 return, declared his attachment ; and that they 
 spoke of poisoning the king in revenge for his 
 having killed her father. ‘ I had not patience,’ 
 added Kardar, ‘ to listen any longer.’ 
 
 “ At this intelligence the king changed colour 
 with rage and indignation, and, on arriving at 
 the palace, ordered the unfortunate cook to be 
 instantly cut in two. He then sent for the 
 
 i 
 
 daughter of Kamgar, and upbraided her with 
 
 i 
 
 the intention of destroying him by poison. She 
 immediately perceived that this -accusation pro- 
 ceeded from the malevolence of Kardar, and was 
 going to speak in vindication of herself, when 
 the king ordered her to be put to death ; but be- 
 ing dissuaded by an attendant from killing a 
 woman, he revoked the sentence of death, and 
 she was tied hands and feet, and placed upon a 
 camel, which was turned into a dreary wilder- 
 ness, where there was neither water, nor shade, 
 nor any trace of cultivation. 
 
 “ Here she suffered, from the intense heat and 
 thirst, to such a degree that, expecting every 
 # moment to be her last, she resigned herself to 
 
70 
 
 the will of Providence, conscious of her own in- 
 nocence. Just then the camel lay down, and on 
 that spot where they were a fountain of deli- 
 cious water sprung forth ; the cords which bound 
 her hands and feet dropped ofF ; she refreshed 
 herself by a hearty draught of the water, and 
 fervently returned thanks to Heaven for this 
 blessing, and her wonderful preservation. On 
 this the most verdant and fragrant herbage ap- 
 peared round the borders of the fountain ; it be- 
 came a blooming and delightful spot, and the 
 camel placed himself so as to afford his lovely 
 companion a shade and shelter from the sun- 
 beams. ,J 
 
 “ It happened that one of the king’s camel- 
 keepers was at this time in pursuit of some ca- 
 mels which had wandered into the desert, and 
 without which he dared not return to the city. 
 He had sought them for several days amidst hills 
 and forests without any success. At length, on 
 coming to this spot, he beheld the daughter of 
 Kamgar and the camel, which at first he thought 
 was one of those he sought, and the clear foun- 
 tain, with the verdant banks, where neither grass 
 nor water had ever been seen before. Asto- 
 
nished at this discovery, he resolved not to in- 
 terrupt the lady, who was engaged in prayer ; 
 but when she had finished, he addressed her, 
 and was so charmed by her gentleness and piety, 
 that he offered to adopt her as his child ; and 
 expressed his belief, that, through the efficacy 
 of her prayers, he should recover the strayed 
 camels. 
 
 “ This good man’s offer she thankfully ac- 
 cepted ; and having partaken of a fowl and some 
 bread which he had with him, at his request she 
 prayed for the recovery of his camels. As soon 
 as she had concluded her prayer, the camels ap- 
 peared on the skirts of the wilderness, and of 
 their own accord approached the camel-keeper. 
 
 “ He then represented to the daughter of 
 Kamgar, the danger of remaining all night in 
 the wilderness, which was the haunt of many 
 wild beasts ; and proposed that she should re- 
 turn with him to the city, and dwell with him 
 in his house, where he would provide for her a 
 retired apartment, in which she might perform 
 her devotions without interruption. To this 
 proposal she agreed, and being mounted on the 
 
72 
 
 camel, she returned to the city, and arrived at 
 the house of her companion at the time of even- 
 ing prayer. Here she resided for some time, em- 
 ploying herself in exercises of piety and devotion. 
 
 “ One day the camel-keeper, being desired by 
 the king to relate his past adventures, mentioned, 
 among other circumstances, the losing of his 
 camels, the finding them through the efficacy of 
 a young female’s prayer, the discovery of a foun- 
 tain where none had been before, and his adopt- 
 ing the female as his daughter ; he concluded by 
 telling the king that she was now at his house, 
 and employed day and night in acts of devotion. 
 
 “ The king, on hearing this, expressed an 
 earnest wish that he might be allowed to see 
 this young woman, and prevail on her to inter- 
 cede with Providence in his behalf. The camel* 
 keeper, having consented, returned to his house 
 accompanied by the king, who waited at the 
 door of the apartment where the daughter of 
 Kamgar was engaged in prayer. When she had 
 concluded, he approached, and with astonish- 
 ment recognized her. Having tenderly embraced 
 her, he wept, and entreated her forgivenness. 
 
73 
 
 This she readily granted; but begged that he 
 would conceal himself in the apartment whilst 
 she should converse with Kardar, whom she 
 sent for. 
 
 When he arrived, and beheld her with a 
 thousand expressions of fondness, he inquired 
 the means whereby she had escaped ; and he 
 told her, that on the day when the king had 
 banished her into the wilderness, he had sent 
 people to seek her, and to bring her to him. 
 
 ‘ How much better would it have been,’ added 
 he, * had you followed my advice, and agreed 
 to my proposal of poisoning the king, who, I 
 said, would endeavour to destroy you, as he had 
 killed your father ! but you rejected my advice, 
 and declared yourself ready to submit to what- 
 soever Providence should decree. Hereafter,’ 
 continued he, ‘ you will pay. more attention to 
 my words : but now let us not think of what is 
 past ; 1 am your slave, and you are dearer to 
 me than my own eyes.’ So saying, he attempted 
 to clasp the daughter of Kamgar in his arms, 
 when the king, w'ho was concealed behind the 
 hangings, rushed furiously on him, and put him 
 to death. After this he conducted the damsel 
 
 L 
 
7 4 
 
 to his palace, and constantly lamented his pre- 
 cipitancy in having killed her father.” 
 
 Here Bakhtyar concluded the story ; and hav- 
 ing requested a farther respite, that he might 
 have an opportunity of proving his innocence, 
 was sent back to prison by order of the king. 
 
75 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Story of the King of Abyssinia, shewing the 
 artifice of Women. 
 
 The seventh vizier, on the following day, ap- 
 proached the king, and having told him that his 
 lenity towards Bakhtyar was made the subject 
 of public conversation, added many arguments 
 to procure an order for the execution of that un- 
 fortunate young man. The king, changing co- 
 lour with anger, sent immediately for the queen, 
 and asked her advice concerning Bakhtyar. She 
 declared that he deserved death ; in consequence 
 of which, the king ordered his attendants to 
 bring him from the prison. When he came into 
 the royal presence, he begged for mercy, say- 
 ing, 4 My innocence will appear hereafter ; and 
 though your majesty can easily put to death a 
 living man, you cannot restore a dead man to 
 life.’ 4 How,’ said the king, 4 can you deny 
 your guilt, since the women of the haram all 
 bear witness against you ?’ Bakhtyar replied, 
 4 Women, for their own purposes, often devise 
 falsehoods, and are very expert in artifice and 
 
 l 2 
 
70 
 
 fraud, as appears from the story of the king of 
 Irak’s daughter, and her adventures with the 
 king of Abyssinia, which, if your majesty per- 
 mit, I shall briefly relate. 
 
 Having obtained permission, he began the 
 story as follows : “ It is related that Abyssinia 
 was once governed by a certain monarch, whose 
 armies were very numerous, and his treasures 
 well tilled ; but not having any enemy to en- 
 gage him in war, he neglected his troops, and 
 withheld their pay, so that they were reduced to 
 great distress, and began to murmur, and at last 
 made their complaints to the vizier. He, pitying 
 their situation, promised that he would take 
 measures for their relief, and desired them to be 
 patient for a little while. He then considered 
 within himself what steps he should take ; and 
 at length, knowing the king’s inclination to 
 women, and understanding that the princess of 
 Irak was uncommonly beautiful, he resolved to 
 praise her charms in such extravagant language 
 before the king, as to induce him to demand her 
 from her father, who, from his excessive fond- 
 ness, would not probably consent to bestow her 
 on him, and thus a war would ensue, in which 
 
77 
 
 case the troops should he employed, and their ar- 
 rears paid off. 
 
 “ Pleased with the ingenuity of this strata- 
 gem, the vizier hastened to the king, and after 
 conversing, for some time, on various subjects, 
 contrived to mention the king of Irak, and im- 
 mediately described the beauty of his daughter 
 in such glowing colours, that the king became 
 enamoured, and consulted the vizier on the means 
 whereby he might hope to obtain, possession of 
 that lovely princess. The vizier replied, that the 
 first step was to send ambassadors to the king of 
 Irak, soliciting his daughter in marriage. In 
 consequence of this advice, some able and dis- 
 creet persons were dispatched as ambassadors to 
 Irak. On their arrival in that country, the king 
 received them courteously ; but when they dis- 
 closed the object of their mission, he became 
 angry, and declared that he would not comply 
 with their demand. 
 
 “ The ambassadors returned to Abyssinia, and 
 having reported to the king the unsuccessful 
 result of their negotiation, he vowed that he 
 would send an army into Irak, and lay that 
 
;s 
 
 country waste, unless his demands were com- 
 plied with. 
 
 “ In consequence of this resolution, he or- 
 dered the doors of his treasuries to be thrown 
 open, and caused so much money to be distri- 
 buted among the soldiers, that they were satis- 
 fied. From all quarters the troops assembled, 
 and zealously prepared for war. On the other 
 hand the king of Irak levied his forces, and sent 
 them to oppose the Abyssinians, who invaded 
 his dominions ; but he did not lead them to the 
 field himself, and they were defeated and put to 
 flight. When the account of this disaster reached 
 the king of Irak, he consulted his vizier, and 
 asked what was next to be done. The vizier 
 candidly declared that he did not think it neces- 
 sary to prolong the war on account of a female, 
 and advised his majesty to send ambassadors with 
 overtures of peace, and an offer of giving the 
 princess to the king of Abyssinia. This advice, 
 although reluctantly, the king of Irak followed : 
 ambassadors were dispatched to the enemy with 
 offers of peace, and a declaration of the king’s 
 consent to the marriage of his daughter. 
 
7 9 
 
 “ These terms being accepted, the princess 
 was sent with confidential attendants to the king 
 of Abyssinia, who retired with her to his own 
 dominions, where he espoused her ; and some 
 time passed away in festivity and pleasure. But 
 it happened that the king of Irak had, some years 
 before, given his daughter in marriage to another 
 man, by whom she had a son ; and this boy was 
 now grown up, and accomplished in all sciences, 
 and such a favourite with the king of Irak, that 
 he would never permit him to be one hour ab- 
 sent from him. The princess, when obliged to 
 leave him, felt all the anxiety of a mother, and 
 resolved to devise some stratagem whereby she 
 might enjoy his society in Abyssinia. 
 
 “ One day the king of Abyssinia, on some 
 occasion, behaved harshly to the queen, and spoke 
 disrespectfully of her father. She in return said, 
 f your dominions, it is true, are most fertile and 
 abundant ; but my father possesses such a trea- 
 sure as no other monarch can boast of ; a youth, 
 sent to him by the kindness of Heaven, skilled in 
 every profound science, and accomplished in 
 every manly exercise; so that he rather seems 
 to be one of the inhabitants of paradise than of 
 
8o 
 
 this earth.’ These praises so excited the curio- 
 sity of the king, that he vowed he would bring 
 this boy to his court, were he even obliged to go 
 himself for him. The queen replied, ‘ my father 
 would be like a distracted person were he de- 
 prived even for an hour of this boy’s society ; but 
 some intelligent person must be sent to Irak in 
 the character of a merchant, and endeavour by 
 every means to steal him away.’ The king ap- 
 proved of this advice, and chose a person well 
 skilled in business, who had experienced many 
 reverses of fortune, and seen much of the world. 
 To this man he promised a reward of an hundred 
 male slaves, and an hundred beautiful damsels, 
 if he should succeed in bringing away this boy 
 from the king of Irak’s court. The man in- 
 quired the name of the boy, which was Fi- 
 rokhzad, and, disguised as a merchant, set out 
 immediately for Irak. Having arrived there, he 
 presented various offerings to the king ; and one 
 day found an opportunity of conversing with 
 the boy. At last he said, ‘ With such accom- 
 plishments as you possess, were you in Abyssinia 
 for one day, you would be rendered master of 
 slaves and damsels, and riches of every kind.’ 
 He then described the delights of that country, 
 
81 
 
 which made such an impression on Firokhzad, 
 that he became disgusted with Irak, and attached 
 himself to the merchant, and said, ‘ I have often 
 heard of Abyssinia, and have long wished to en- 
 joy the pleasures which it yields. The king’s 
 daughter is now in that country, and if I could 
 contrive to go there, my happiness would be com- 
 plete : but I know not how to escape from this 
 place, as the king will not permit me to be one 
 hour absent from him. The merchant gladly 
 undertook to devise some means for the escape 
 of Firokhzad ; and at last having put him into 
 a chest, and placed him upon a camel, he con- 
 trived one evening to carry him off unnoticed. 
 The next day the king of Irak sent messengers 
 in all directions to seek him. They inquired of 
 all the caravans and travellers, but could not ob- 
 tain any intelligence concerning him. At last 
 the merchant brought him to Abyssinia, and the 
 king, finding that his accomplishments and ta- 
 lents had not been over-rated, was much de- 
 lighted with his society ; and as he had not any 
 child, he bestowed on him a royal robe and 
 crown, a horse, and sword and shield, and 
 adopted him as his son, and brought him into 
 the haram. When the queen beheld Firokhzad, 
 
 M 
 
S2 
 
 she wept for joy, embraced him, and kissed 
 him with all the fondness of a mother. It hap- 
 pened that one of the servants was a witness, 
 nnperceived, of this interview. He immediately 
 hastened to the king, and represented the trans- 
 action in such a manner as to excite all his jea- 
 lousy and rage. However, he resolved to in- 
 quire into the matter ; but Firokhzad did not 
 acknowledge that the queen was his mother; and 
 when he sent for her, she answered his questions 
 only by her tears. From these circumstances, he 
 concluded that they were guilty ; and accordingly 
 he ordered one of his attendants to take away 
 the young man to a burying-ground without the 
 city, and there to cut off his head. The atten- 
 dant led Ferokhzad away, and was preparing to 
 put the king’s sentence into execution ; but 
 when he looked in the youth’s face, his heart 
 was moved with compassion, and he said, ‘ it 
 must have been the woman’s fault, and not his 
 crime ;’ and he resolved to save him. 
 
 “ When he told Firokhzad that he would con- 
 ceal him in his own house, the boy was delighted, 
 and promised, that if ever it was in his power 
 he would reward him for his kindness. Having 
 
83 
 
 taken him to his house, the man waited on the 
 king, and told him, that he had, in obedience to 
 his orders, put Firokhzad to death. After this 
 the kino- treated his wife with the utmost cold- 
 
 O 
 
 ness ; and she sat melancholy, lamenting the ab- 
 sence of her son. It happened that an old wo- 
 man beheld the queen as she sat alone, weeping, 
 in her chamber. Pitying her situation, she ap- 
 proached, and humbly inquired the occasion of 
 her grief. The queen made no reply ; but when 
 the old woman promised not only to observe the 
 utmost secrecy, if entrusted with the story of 
 her misfortunes, but to find a remedy for them, 
 she related at length all that had happened, and 
 disclosed the mystery of Firokhzad’s birth. 
 
 “ The old woman desired the queen to com- 
 fort herself, and said, ‘ This night, before the 
 king retires to bed, you must lay yourself down, 
 and close your eyes as if asleep ; he will then 
 place something, which I shall give him, on your 
 bosom, and will command you, by the power 
 of the writing contained in that, to reveal the 
 truth. You must then begin to speak, and, with- 
 out any apprehension, repeat all that you have 
 now told me.’ 
 
 m 2 
 
64 
 
 “ The old woman having then found that the 
 king was alone in his summer-house, presented 
 herself before him, and said, O king ! this soli- 
 tary life occasions melancholy and sadness. The 
 king replied, that it was not solitude which ren- 
 dered him melancholy, but vexation, on account 
 of the queen’s infidelity, and the ingratitude of 
 Firokhzad, on whom he had heaped so many 
 favours, and whom he had adopted as his own 
 son. ‘ Yet,’ added he, ‘ I am not convinced of 
 his guilt ; and since the day that I caused him 
 to be killed, I have not enjoyed repose, nor am 
 I certain whether the fault was his or the queen’s.’ 
 The old woman replied, ‘ Let not the king be 
 longer in suspense on this subject. I have a cer- 
 tain talisman, one of the talismans of Solomon, 
 written in Grecian characters, and in the Syrian 
 language ; if your majesty will watch an oppor- 
 tunity w hen the queen shall be asleep, and lay it 
 on her breast, and say, O thou that sleepest ! by 
 virtue of the talisman, and of the name of God 
 which it contains, I conjure thee to speak to me, 
 and to reveal all the secrets of thy heart.’ ‘ On 
 this,’ said the old woman, ‘ she w ill immediately 
 begin to speak, and wdll declare every thing that 
 she knows, both true and false.’ 
 
85 
 
 “ The king, delighted at the hopes of disco- 
 vering the truth by means of this talisman, de- 
 sired the old woman to fetch it. She accordingly 
 went home, and taking a piece of paper, scrawled 
 on it some unmeaning characters, folded it up, 
 and tied it with a cord, and sealed it with wax ; 
 then hastened to the king, and desired him to 
 preserve it carefully till night should afford an 
 opportunity of trying its efficacy. When it was 
 night, the king watched until he found that the 
 queen was in bed ; then gently approaching, and 
 believing her to be asleep, he laid the talisman on 
 her breast, and repeated the words which the old 
 woman had taught him. The queen, who had 
 also received her lesson, still affecting the ap- 
 pearance of one asleep, immediately began to 
 speak, and related all the circumstances of her 
 story. 
 
 <e On hearing this, the king was much af- 
 fected, and tenderly embraced the queen, who 
 started from her bed as if perfectly unconscious 
 of having revealed the secrets of her breast. He 
 then blamed her for not having candidly acknow- 
 ledged the circumstance of Firokhzad’s birth, who, 
 he said, should have been considered as his own son. 
 
80 
 
 “ All that night they passed in mutual con- 
 dolence, and on the next morning the king sent 
 for the person to whom he had delivered Firokh- 
 zad, and desired him to point out the spot where 
 his body lay, that he might perform the last duty 
 to that unfortunate youth, and ask forgivenness 
 from his departed spirit. The man replied, ‘ It 
 appears that your majesty is ignorant of Firokh- 
 zad’s situation : he is at present in a place of 
 safety ; for although you ordered me to kill him, 
 I ventured to disobev, and have concealed him 
 in my house, from wdience, if you permit, I shall 
 immediately bring him.’ At this information the 
 king was so delighted, that he rewarded the man 
 with a splendid robe, and sent with him several 
 attendants to bring Firokhzad to the palace. 
 
 “ On arriving in his presence, Firokhzad threw 
 himself at the king’s feet ; but he raised him in 
 his arms, and asked his forgivenness, and thus the 
 affair ended in rejoicing and festivity.” — c Now,’ 
 said Bakhtyar, having concluded his story, ‘ it 
 appears that women are expert in stratagems ; 
 and if Firokhzad had been put to death, ac- 
 cording to the king’s command, what grief and 
 sorrow w-ould have been the consequence ! To 
 
avoid such, added Bakhtyar, let not your majesty 
 
 be precipitate in ordering my execution.’ 
 
 % 
 
 The king resolved to wait another day, and 
 Bakhtyar was sent back to prison. 
 
88 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Story of the Jewel Merchant. 
 
 On the next morning, the eighth vizier having 
 paid his compliments to the king, addressed him 
 on the subject of Bakhtyar, and said. Government 
 resembles a tree, the root of which is legal pu- 
 nishment. Now, if the root of a tree become 
 dry, the leaves will wither ; why then should 
 the punishment of Bakhtyar be any longer de- 
 ferred ? 
 
 In consequence of this discourse, the king 
 ordered the executioner to prepare himself, and 
 Bakhtyar was brought from prison. When the 
 unfortunate young man came before the king, he 
 addressed him, and said, ‘ If your majesty will 
 consider the consequences of haste and precipi- 
 tancy, it will appear that they are invariably 
 sorrow and repentance ; as we find confirmed in 
 the story of the jewel merchant.’ The king ex- 
 pressed his desire of hearing the story to which 
 he alluded ; and Bakhtyar began it accordingly, 
 in the following manner : 
 
 1 
 
89 
 
 u There was a certain jewel- merchant, a very 
 wealthy man, and eminently skilled in the know- 4 
 ledge of precious stones : his wife, a very pru- 
 dent and amiable woman, was in a state of preg- 
 nancy, when it happened that the king sent a' 
 messenger to her husband, desiring his attendance 
 at court, that he might consult him in the choice 
 of jewels* The husband received the king’s mes- 
 senger with all due respect, and immediately 
 prepared to set out on his journey to the capital. 
 When taking leave of his wife, he desired her to 
 remember him in her prayers ; and, in case she 
 should bring forth a boy, to call his name 
 Behrooz. 
 
 “ After this injunction, he departed from his 
 house, and at length arrived in the capital, where 
 he waited on the king, and having paid his re- 
 spects, was employed in selecting from a box- 
 ful of pearls, those that were most valuable. 
 The king was so much pleased with his skill and 
 ingenuity, that he kept him constantly near his 
 own person, and entrusted to him the making of 
 various royal ornaments, crowns and girdles, stud- 
 ed with jewels. At length the wife of this jewel- 
 merchant was delivered of two boys ; one of 
 
90 
 
 whom, in compliance with her husband’s desire, 
 she called Behrooz, the other Roozbeh ; and she 
 sent intelligence of this event to the father, who 
 solicited permission from the king that he might 
 return home for a while and visit his family ; but 
 the king would not grant him this indulgence. 
 The next year he made the same request, and 
 with the same success. Thus, during eight years, 
 he as often solicited leave to visit his wife and 
 sons, but could not obtain it. In the course of 
 this time, the boys had learned to read the Koran, 
 and were instructed in the art of penmanship 
 and other accomplishments ; and they wrote 
 a letter to their father, expressing their sorrow 
 and anxiety on account of his absence. The 
 jewel-merchant, no longer able to resist his desire 
 of seeing his family, represented his situation to 
 the king in such strong colours that he desired 
 him to send for his wife and children, and al- 
 lowed him an ample sum of money to defray the 
 expences of their journey. 
 
 “ A trusty messenger was immediately dis- 
 patched to the jewel- merchant's wife, who, on 
 receipt of her husband’s letter, set out with her 
 two sons on their way to the capital. One even- 
 
91 
 
 ing, after a journey of a month, they arrived a 
 the sea-side. Here they resolved to wait until 
 morning ; and being refreshed with a slight re- 
 past, the boys amused themselves in wandering 
 along the shore. 
 
 “ It happened that the jewel- merchant, in ex- 
 pectation of meeting his wife and children, had 
 come thus far on the way ; and having left his 
 clothes and money concealed in different places, 
 he bathed himself in the sea, and on returning 
 to the shore, put on his clothes, but forgot his 
 gold. Having taken some refreshment, he was 
 proceeding on his journey, when he thought of 
 his money, and went back to seek it, but could 
 not find it. At this moment he perceived the 
 two boys, who had wandered thus far, amusing 
 themselves playing along the shore. 
 
 “ He immediately suspected that these boys 
 had discovered and taken the gold, and accused 
 them accordingly. They declared their igno- 
 rance of the matter, which so enraged the jewel- 
 merchant, that he seized them both, and cast 
 them headlong into the sea. 
 
 n 2 
 
02 
 
 “ After this he proceeded on liis way, whilst 
 the wife was so unhappy at the long absence of 
 her sons, that the world became dark in her eyes, 
 and she raised her voice and called upon the boys. 
 When the jewel- merchant heard the voice of his 
 wife, he hastened to meet her, and inquired af- 
 ter his two sons, expressing his eager desire of 
 seeing them. The wife told him that they had 
 left her some time before, and had wandered 
 along the sea-side. At this intelligence the jewel- 
 merchant began to lament, and tore his clothes, 
 and exclaimed, ‘ Alas, alas, I have drowned my 
 sons !’ He then related what had happened, and 
 proceeded with his wife along the shore in search 
 of the boys ; but they sought in vain. Then they 
 smote their breasts, and wept ; and when the next 
 morning came, they said, ‘ from this time forth, 
 whatsoever happens must be to us a matter of in- 
 difference.’ And- they set out on their journey 
 towards the city with afflicted bosoms and bleed- 
 ing hearts, being persuaded that their sons had 
 perished in the water. But they were ignorant 
 of the wonderful kindness of Providence, which 
 rescued the two boys from destruction : for it 
 happened that the king of that country, being on 
 a hunting party, passed along the shore on that 
 
93 
 
 side where Behrooz had fallen. When he per- 
 ceived the boy, he ordered his attendants to take 
 him up, and finding him of a pleasing counte- 
 nance, although pale from the terror of the wa- 
 ter, and the danger he had escaped, he inquired 
 into the circumstances which had befallen him. 
 The boy informed him, that with his brother he 
 had been walking on the shore, when a stranger 
 seized upon them, and flung them into the water. 
 The king, not having any child, inquired the 
 name of the boy. When he answered that his 
 name was Behrooz *, he exclaimed, ‘ I accept it 
 as a favourable omen, and adopt you as my own 
 son.’ After this, Behrooz, mounted on a horse, 
 accompanied the king to his capital, and all the 
 subjects were enjoined to obey him as heir to the 
 crown. After some time the king died, and 
 Behrooz reigned in his place with such wisdom,, 
 liberality and uprightness, that his fame re- 
 sounded through all quarters of the world. 
 
 { 
 
 “ It happened in the mean time that the other 
 boy, whose name was Roozbeh, had been rescued 
 from the water by some robbers, who agreed to 
 sell him as a slave, and divide the price amongst 
 
 * See the advertisement. 
 
9 * 
 
 them. The je vel-merchant and his wife had 
 reached the city, and purchased a house, where 
 they resolved to pass the remainder of their lives 
 in prayer and exercises of devotion. But finding 
 it necessary to procure an attendant, the jewel- 
 merchant purchased a young boy at the slave 
 market, whom he did not know, but whom na- 
 tural affection prompted him to choose. 
 
 “ On bringing home his young slave, the wife 
 fainted away, and exclaimed, * This is your son 
 Roozbeh !’ The parents, as w^ell as the child, wept 
 with joy, and returned thanks to Heaven for 
 such an unexpected blessing. 
 
 “ After this the jew^el- merchant instructed 
 Roozbeh in his own profession, so that in a little 
 time he became perfectly skilled in the value of 
 precious stones ; and having collected a very con- 
 siderable number, he expressed a wish of turn- 
 ing them to profit, by selling them to a certain 
 king in a distant country, one who was cele- 
 brated for his generosity and kindness to strangers. 
 
 “ The father consented that he should visit 
 the court of this monarch, on condition that he 
 
95 
 
 would not afflict his parents by too long an ab- 
 sence. Roozbeh accordingly set out, and ar- 
 rived at the capital of that king, who happened 
 to be his own brother, Behrooz. Him, how- 
 ever, after the lapse of many years, he did not 
 recognize. 
 
 “ The king, having graciously received the 
 present which Roozbeh offered, purchased of 
 him all the jewels, and conceived such an af- 
 fection for him that he kept him constantly in 
 the palace, day and night. At this time a foreign 
 enemy invaded the country ; but the king thought 
 the matter of so little importance,* that he con- 
 tented himself with sending some troops to the 
 field, and remained at home, carousing and drink- 
 ing with Roozbeh. At length, one night, at a 
 very late hour, all the servants being absent, the 
 king became intoxicated, and fell asleep. Rooz- 
 beh, not perceiving any of the guards or atten- 
 dants, resolved that he would watch the king 
 until morning ; and accordingly, taking a sword, 
 he stationed himself near the king’s pillow. Af- 
 ter some time had elapsed, several of the soldiers 
 who had gone to oppose the enemy returned, 
 and, entering the palace, discovered Roozbeh 
 
00 
 
 and the king in this situation. Roozbeh they 
 immediately seized ; and when the king awoke* 
 they told him, that, by their coming, they had 
 saved his majesty from assassination, which the 
 jeweller, with a drawn sword, had been ready 
 to perpetrate. The king, at first, ordered his 
 immediate execution ; and as day was beginning 
 to dawn, and the approach of the enemy re- 
 quired his presence at the head of his troops, he 
 sent for the executioner, who having bound the 
 eyes of Roozbeh, and drawn his sword, ex- 
 claimed, ‘ Say, king of the world, shall I strike 
 or not ?’ 
 
 “ The king, considering that it would be bet- 
 ter to inquire more particularly into the affair, 
 and knowing, that, although it is easy to kill, it 
 is impossible to restore a man to life, resolved to 
 defer the punishment until his return, and sent 
 Roozbeh to prison. 
 
 “ After this he proceeded to join the army, 
 and having subdued his enemies, returned to the 
 capital ; but, during the space of two years, for- 
 got the unfortunate Roozbeh, who lingered away 
 his life in confinement. 
 
 1 
 
97 
 
 Cf In the mean time his father and mother, 
 grieving on account of his absence, and ignorant 
 of what had befallen him, sent a letter of in- 
 quiry by a confidential messenger to the money- 
 changers or bankers of that city. Having read 
 this, they wrote back in answer, that Roozbeh 
 had been in prison for tw T o years. 
 
 “ On receiving this information, the jewel- 
 merchant and his wife resolved to set out and 
 throw themselves at the feet of this king, and en- 
 deavour to obtain from him the pardon and li- 
 berty of their son. With heavy hearts they ac- 
 cordingly proceeded on their journey, and having 
 arrived at the capital, presented themselves be- 
 fore the king, and said, ‘ Be it known unto your 
 exalted majesty, that we are two wretched stran- 
 gers, oppressed by the infirmities of age, and over- 
 whelmed by misfortune. We were blessed with 
 two sons ; one named Behrooz, the other Rooz- 
 beh ; but it was the will of Heaven that they 
 should fall into the sea, where one of them pe- 
 rished, but the other was restored to us. The 
 fame of your majesty’s generosity and greatness, 
 induced our son to visit this imperial court ; and 
 we are informed, that, by your orders, he is 
 
 o 
 
08 
 
 now in prison. The object of our petition is, 
 that your majesty might take compassion on our 
 helpless situation, and restore to us our long lost 
 son.’ 
 
 “ The king, on hearing this, was astonished, 
 and for a while imagined that it was all a dream. 
 At length, when convinced that the old man and 
 woman were his own parents, and that Roozbeh 
 was his brother, he sent for him to the prison, 
 embraced them and wept, and placed them be- 
 side him on the throne ; and for the sake of Rooz- 
 beh, set at liberty all those who had been con- 
 fined with him. After this he divided the empire 
 with his brother, and their time passed away in 
 pleasure and tranquillity.” 
 
 This story being concluded, Bakhtyar observed, 
 that the jewel-merchant, by his precipitancy, had 
 nearly occasioned the death of his two sons ; and 
 that Behrooz, by deferring the execution of his 
 brother, had prevented an infinity of distress to 
 himself and his parents. This observation in- 
 duced the king to grant Bakhtyar another day’s 
 reprieve, and he was taken back to prison. 
 
99 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 The Story of Ah out emam. 
 
 'W hen the next morning came, the ninth vizier 
 appeared before the king, and said, that his ex- 
 traordinary forbearance and lenity in respect to 
 Bakhtyar, had given occasion to much scandal ; 
 as every criminal, however heinous his offence, 
 began to think that he might escape punishment 
 by amusing the king with idle stories. 
 
 The king, on hearing this, sent for Bakhtyar 
 to the prison, and desired the executioner to at- 
 tend. When the unfortunate young man came 
 before the king, he requested a respite only of 
 two days, in the course of which he hoped his 
 innocence might be proved ; ‘ although,’ said 
 
 he, ‘ I know that the malice of one’s enemies is 
 a flame from which it is almost impossible to 
 escape: as appears from the story of Aboutemam, 
 who, on the strength of a false accusation, was 
 put to death by the king, and his innocence ac- 
 knowledged when too late.’ 
 
 o 2 
 
100 
 
 * Who/ demanded the king, * was that 
 Aboutemam, and what were those malicious ac- 
 cusations which prevailed against him ?’ 
 
 “ Aboutemam,” said Bakhtyar, “ was a very 
 wealthy man, who resided in a city, the king of 
 which was so tyrannical and unjust, that what- 
 ever money any one possessed above five direms, 
 he seized on for his own use. Aboutemam was 
 so disgusted and terrified by the oppressions and 
 cruelties of this king, that he never enjoyed one 
 meal in peace or comfort, until he had collected 
 all his property together, and contrived to escape 
 from that place. After some time he settled in 
 the capital of another king, a city adorned with 
 gardens, and well supplied with running streams. 
 This king was a man of upright and virtuous 
 principles, renowned for hospitality and kindness 
 to strangers. In this capital Aboutemam pur- 
 chased a magnificent mansion, in which he sump- 
 tuously entertained the people of the city, pre- 
 senting each of them, at his departure, with a 
 handsome dress suited to his rank. The inha- 
 bitants were delighted with his generosity, and 
 his hospitality was daily celebrated by the stran- 
 gers who resorted to his house. He also ex- 
 
101 
 
 pended considerable sums in the erection of 
 bridges, caravanseries, and mosques. At last the 
 fame of his liberality and munificence reached 
 the king, who sent to him two servants with a 
 very flattering message, and an invitation to 
 court. 
 
 “ This Aboutemam thankfully accepted ; and 
 having prepared the necessary presents for the 
 king, he hastened to the palace, where he kissed 
 the ground of obedience, and was graciously re- 
 ceived. 
 
 “ In a short time he became so great a fa- 
 vourite, that the king would not permit him to 
 be one day absent, and heaped on him so many 
 favours that he was next in power to his royal 
 master ; and his advice was followed in all mat- 
 ters of importance. 
 
 “ But this king had ten viziers, who conceived 
 a mortal hatred against Aboutemam, and said, 
 one to another, * He has robbed us of all dignity 
 and power, and we must devise some means 
 whereby we may banish him from this country.’ 
 The chief vizier proposed, that, as the king was 
 
102 
 
 a very passionate admirer of beauty, and the 
 princess of Turkestan one of the loveliest crea- 
 tures of the age, they should so praise her charms 
 before him as to induce him to send Aboutemam 
 to ask her in marriage ; and as it was the custom 
 of the king of Turkestan to send all ambassadors 
 who came on that errand, to his daughter, who 
 always* caused their heads to be cut off, so the 
 destruction of Aboutemam would be certain. 
 
 “ This advice all the other viziers approved of, 
 and having proceeded to the palace, they took 
 an opportunity of talking on various subjects, 
 until the king of Turkestan was mentioned, 
 when the chief vizier began to celebrate the 
 charms of the lovely princess. 
 
 “ When the king heard the extravagant 
 praises of her beauty, he became enamoured, 
 and declared his intention of dispatching an am- 
 bassador to the court of Turkestan and demand- 
 ing the princess in marriage. The viziers im- 
 mediately said, that no person was so properly 
 qualified for such an embassy as Aboutemam. — 
 The king accordingly sent for him, and address- 
 ing him as his father and friend, informed him 
 
103 
 
 that he had now occasion for his assistance in 
 the accomplishment of a matter on which his 
 heart was bent. Aboutemam desired to know 
 what his majesty’s commands might be, and de- 
 clared himself ready to obey them. The king 
 having communicated his design, all the neces- 
 sary preparations were made, and Aboutemam set 
 out on his journey to the court of Turkestan. 
 In the mean time the viziers congratulated one 
 another on the success of their stratagem. — 
 When the king of Turkestan heard of Abou- 
 temam’s arrival, he sent proper officers to receive 
 and compliment him, and on the following day 
 
 gave him a public audience; but when the pa- 
 
 ♦ 
 
 lace was cleared of the crowd, and Aboutemam 
 
 % 
 
 had an opportunity of speaking with the king in 
 private, he disclosed the object of his mission, 
 and demanded the princess for his master. The 
 king acknowledged himself highly honoured by 
 the proposal of such an alliance, and said, ‘ I 
 fear that my daughter is not qualified for so ex- 
 alted a station as you offer; but if you will visit 
 her in the haram, and converse with her, you 
 may form an opinion of her beauty and accom- 
 plishments ; and if you approve of her, preparati- 
 ons for the marriage shall be made without delay. 
 
104 
 
 “ Aboutemam thanked his majesty for this rea- 
 diness in complying with his demands ; but said, 
 that he could not think of profaning the beauty 
 of her who was destined for his sovereign by 
 gazing on her, or of allowing his ears to hear the 
 forbidden sounds of her voice — that, besides, his 
 king never entertained a doubt on the subject of 
 her charms and qualifications : that the daughter 
 of such a monarch must be worthy of any king; 
 but that he was not sent to make any inquiry as 
 to her merits, but to demand her in marriage. — 
 The king of Turkestan, on hearing this reply, 
 embraced Aboutemam, and said, ( Within this 
 hour I meditated thy destruction; for of all the 
 ambassadors who have hitherto come to solicit 
 my daughter, I have tried the w isdom and talents, 
 and have judged by them of the kings who em- 
 ployed them, and finding them deficient, I have 
 caused their heads to be cut off.’ On saying 
 this he took from under his robe a key, with 
 which he opened a lock, and going into another 
 part of the palace, he exhibited to Aboutemam the 
 heads of four hundred ambassadors. 
 
 “ After this the king directed the necessary pre- 
 parations for the departure of his daughter, and 
 
 1 
 
105 
 
 invested Aboutemam with a splendid robe of ho* 
 nour; who, when ten days had elapsed, em- 
 barked in a ship with the princess, her damsels, 
 and other attendants. The news of his arrival 
 with the fair princess of Turkestan being an- 
 nounced, the king, his master, was delighted ; and 
 the viziers, his mortal enemies, were confounded 
 at the failure of their stratagems. The king, ac- 
 companied by all the people, great and small, 
 went two stages to meet Aboutemam and the 
 princess, and having led her into the city, after 
 three days, celebrated their marriage by the most 
 sumptuous feasts and rejoicings, and bestowed a 
 thousand thanks on Aboutemam, who every day 
 became a greater favourite. The ten viziers find- 
 ing, in consequence of this, their own import- 
 ance and dignity gradually reduced, consulted 
 one with another, saying, ‘ All that we have hi- 
 therto done only tends to the exaltation of Abou- 
 temam ; we must devise some other means of 
 disgracing him in the king’s esteem, and procur- 
 ing his banishment from this country.’ After 
 this they concerted together, and at length re- 
 solved to bribe two boys, whose office was to 
 rub the king’s feet every night after he lay down 
 on his bed ; and they accordingly instructed 
 
 p 
 
lo6 
 
 these boys to take an opportunity, when the king 
 should close his eyes, of saying that Aboutemam 
 had been ungrateful for the favours bestowed on 
 him ; that he had violated the haram, and as- 
 pired to the queen’s affections, and had boasted 
 that she would not have come from Turkestan 
 had she not been enamoured of himself. This 
 lesson the viziers taught the boys, giving them a 
 thousand dinars, and promising five hundred 
 more. 
 
 “ When it was night the boys were employed 
 as usual, in their office of rubbing the king’s feet; 
 and when they perceived his eyes to be closed, 
 they began to repeat all that the viziers had 
 taught them to say concerning Aboutemam. 
 
 “ The king, hearing this, started up, and dis- 
 missing the boys, sent immediately for Aboute- 
 mam, and said to him, ‘ A certain matter has 
 occurred, on the subject of which I must consult 
 you ; and I expect that you will relieve my mind 
 by answering the questions that I shall ask.’ — 
 Aboutemam declared himself ready to obey. — 
 * What, then,’ demanded the king, ‘ does that 
 servant deserve w T ho, in return for various fa- 
 
107 
 
 vours, ungratefully attempts to violate the ha- 
 ram of his sovereign ?’ 
 
 ‘ Such a servant/ answered Aboutemam, 
 e should be punished with death ; his blood 
 should expiate his offence.’ When Aboutemam 
 had said this, the king drew his scymitar, and cut 
 off his head, and ordered his body to be cast in- 
 to a pit. For some days he gave not audience 
 to any person, and the viziers began to exult in 
 the success of their stratagem ; but the king was 
 melancholy, and loved to sit alone, and was con- 
 stantly thinking of the unfortunate Aboutemam. 
 
 “ It happened, however, that one day the two 
 boys who had been bribed by the viziers were 
 engaged in a dispute one with the other on the 
 division of the money, each claiming for himself 
 the larger share. In the course of their dispute, 
 they mentioned the innocence of Aboutemam, 
 and the bribe which they had received for de- 
 faming him in the king’s hearing. All this con- 
 versation the king overheard ; and trembling 
 with vexation, rage and sorrow, he compelled 
 the boys to relate all the circumstances of the 
 affair ; in consequence of which, the ten viziers 
 
 p 2 
 
108 
 
 were immediately seized and put to death, and 
 their houses levelled with the ground ; after 
 which the king passed his time in fruitless la- 
 mentation for the loss of Aboutemam. 
 
 “ Thus,” said Bakhtyar, “ does unrelenting 
 malice persecute unto destruction ; but if the 
 king had not been so hasty in killing Abou- 
 temam he would have spared himself all his sub- 
 sequent sorrow.” 
 
 The king, affected by this observation, re- 
 solved to indulge Bakhtyar with another day, 
 ;a.nd accordingly sent him back to prison. 
 
109 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 Story of the King of Persia. 
 
 Early on the next morning the tenth vizier 
 sent a woman to the queen, with a message, 
 urging her to exert her influence over the king, 
 and induce him to give orders for the execution 
 of Bakhtyar. The queen, in consequence of 
 this, addressed the king on the subject before he 
 left the palace, and he replied, that Bakhtyar’ s 
 fate was now decided, and that his execution 
 should not be any longer deferred. The king 
 then went forth, and the viziers attended in 
 their proper places. The tenth vizier was rising 
 to speak, when the king informed him of his re- 
 solution to terminate the affair of Bakhtyar, by 
 putting him to death on that day. He was 
 brought accordingly from the prison ; and the 
 < king, on seeing him, said, ‘ You have spoken a 
 great deal of your innocence, yet have not been 
 able to make it appear; therefore no longer en- 
 tertain any hopes of mercy, for I have given or- 
 ders for your execution.’ On hearing this Bakh- 
 tyar began to weep, and said, f I have hitherto 
 endeavoured to gain time, conscious of my inno- 
 
no 
 
 cence, and hoping that it might be proved, and a 
 guiltless person saved from an ignominious death; 
 but I now find it vain to struggle against the de- 
 crees of Heaven. Thus the king of Persia foolishly 
 attempted to counteract his destiny, and triumph 
 over the will of Providence; but in vain.’ The 
 king expressed a desire of hearing the story to 
 which Bakhtyar alluded, and the young man be- 
 gan to relate it as follows : 
 
 “ There was a certain king of Persia, a very 
 powerful and wealthy monarch, who, not having 
 any child, employed all the influence of prayers 
 and of alms to procure the blessing of a son from 
 Heaven. At length one of his hand-maids be- 
 came pregnant, and the king was transported 
 with joy ; but one night, in a dream, he was ad- 
 dressed by an old man, who said, ‘ The Lord 
 has complied with your request, and to-morrow 
 you shall have a son; but in his seventh year a 
 lion shall seize and carry off this son to the top 
 of a mountain, from which he shall fall, rolling in 
 blood and clay.’ When the king awoke, he as- 
 sembled the viziers, and related to them the hor- 
 rors of his dream. They replied, * Long be the 
 king’s life ! If Heaven has decreed such a cala- 
 
Ill 
 
 rnity, who can oppose or controul it ?’ The king 
 presumptuously declared that he would struggle 
 against and counteract it ; but one of his viziers, 
 eminently skilled in astrology, discovered one day, 
 by the power of his science, that the king would, 
 after twenty years, perish by the hand of his own 
 son. In consequence of this he immediately 
 waited on the king, and informed him that he 
 had to communicate a certain matter, for the 
 truth and certainty of which he would answer 
 with his life. The king desired him to reveal 
 it; and he, falling on the knees of obedience, re- 
 lated all that he had discovered in the stars. ‘ If 
 it happens not according to what you predict,’ 
 said the king, e I shall certainly put you to 
 death.’ In the mean time, however, he caused 
 a subterraneous dwelling to be constructed, to 
 which he sent the boy, with a nurse. There they 
 remained during the space of seven years, when, 
 in compliance with the heavenly decree, a lion 
 suddenly rushed into the cave, and devoured the 
 nurse, and having wounded the child, carried 
 him up to the summit of a neighbouring moun- 
 tain, from which he let him fall to the bottom, 
 covered with blood and earth. It happened that 
 one of the king’s secretaries came by, in pursuit 
 
 1 
 
of game, and perceived the boy in this situation, 
 and the lion standing on the summit of the 
 mountain. He immediately resolved to save the 
 child ; and having taken him to his own house, 
 he healed his wounds, and instructed him in 
 various accomplishments. 
 
 “ On the day after the nurse had been devoured, 
 and the child carried away, by the lion, the king 
 resolved to visit the cave, and finding it deserted, 
 he concluded that the nurse had escaped to some 
 other place. He instantly dispatched messengers 
 to seek her in every quarter, but in vain. 
 
 “ In process of time, the boy grew up, and 
 acted as keeper of pen and ink to the secretary. 
 In this situation, having been employed at the 
 palace, it happened that the king saw and was 
 much pleased with him, and felt within his bo- 
 som the force of paternal affection. In conse- 
 quence of this he demanded him of the secretary, 
 and clothed him in splendid garments ; and af- 
 ter some time, when an enemy invaded the 
 country, and required the king’s presence with 
 his army, he appointed the young man to be his 
 armour-bearer; and, accompanied by him, pro- 
 
113 
 
 ceeded to battle. After a bloody conflict, the 
 troops of the enemy were victorious, and those 
 of the king began to fly; but he, in the impulse 
 of rage and fury, threw himself into the midst of 
 his adversaries, fighting with the most desperate 
 valour. In this state of confusion it was im- 
 possible to know one person from another ; the 
 young armour-bearer, who fought also with the 
 utmost bravery, no longer distinguishing the 
 king, rushed into a crowd of combatants, and, 
 striking furiously on all sides, cut off the hand 
 of one man whom he supposed to be of the ene- 
 my’s side; but this person was the king, who, 
 on recognising the armour-bearer, upbraided him 
 with this attempt upon his life, and being unable 
 to remain any longer in the field, he retired, 
 with his troops, to the capital, and the next day 
 concluded a peace with the enemy, on condition 
 of paying a considerable sum of money. He 
 then gave orders that the armour-bearer should 
 be arrested, and although he persevered in de- 
 clarations of innocence, they availed him not ; he 
 was thrown into prison, and loaded with chains. 
 
 “ The king, in the mean time, was reposing on 
 the pillow of death ; and when ffe found that all 
 
 Q 
 
114 
 
 hopes of recovery were vain, he resolved to pu- 
 nish the vizier, who had told him that his son 
 should be torn by a lion, and that he should fall 
 by the hand of that son. ‘ Now,’ said the king, 
 * my son has been carried away to some other 
 country by his nurse, and I have been wounded 
 by the hand of a different person.’ Having said 
 this, he sent for the vizier, and desired him 
 to prepare for death. r This armour-bearer,’ 
 added he, ‘ and not my own son, has wounded 
 me, contrary to your prediction ; and, as you 
 consented to be punished in case your prediction 
 should not be accomplished, I have resolved to 
 put you to death.’ * Be it so,’ replied the vi- 
 zier; ‘ but let us first inquire into the. birth of 
 this young armour-bearer.’ The king immedi- 
 ately sent for the young man, and asked him 
 concerning his parents and his country. He 
 answered, that of the country which gave him 
 birth he was ignorant ; but that he had been 
 with his mother in a subterraneous place, and 
 that she had informed him of his father’s being a 
 king, but that he had never seen his father ; that 
 one day a lion carried him away to the summit 
 of a mountain, from which he fell, and was taken 
 up by the secretary; by whom he was instructed 
 
 1 
 
in various accomplishments, and from whose ser- 
 vice he passed into that of the king. 
 
 “ When the king heard this, he was amazed, 
 and his hair stood on end, and he sent for the vi- 
 ziers and secretary, who confirmed what the 
 young man had said. 
 
 “ Having thus ascertained that the armour- 
 bearer was his own son, he resigned to him the 
 crown and throne ; and having invested the vi- 
 zier with the robe of prime minister, he expired 
 in the course of three days.” 
 
liO 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 Here Bakhtyar concluded his narrative; and 
 observed, that he had struggled against his evil 
 destiny, like that king, but in vain. Having said 
 this, the king wished to send him back to pri- 
 son; but the viziers unanimously declared that 
 they would leave the country if Bakhtyar’s pu- 
 nishment was any longer deferred. The king then 
 acknowledged that he could not bear to behold 
 the execution of the young man : in consequence 
 of which the viziers led him away, and assem- 
 bled all the people by proclamation, that they 
 might see him put to death. 
 
 It happened at this time that Ferokh Suvar, 
 who had found Bakhtyar at the side of the well, 
 came, with some of his companions, to the city, 
 and was wrapped in that embroidered cloak 
 which the king and queen had left with the in- 
 fant. On passing by the place of execution he 
 beheld the guards leading out Bakhtyar to pu- 
 nishment ; on seeing this, he rushed amongst 
 
2 17 
 
 them with his companions, and rescued the 
 young man from their hands, and solicited an 
 audience of the king. On coming into the royal 
 presence, Ferokh Suvar exclaimed, “ This young 
 man is my son ; I cannot bear to see him executed : 
 if he must perish, let me also be put to death.” 
 
 4 Your wish, in this respect,’ said the king, e may 
 be easily gratified.’ 4 Alas !’ cried Ferokh Suvar, 
 
 * if the father of this youth, who was a king, or 
 his mother, who was a queen, were informed of 
 his situation, they would save him from this ig- 
 nominious death.’ The king laughed at the 
 seeming inconsistency of Ferokh Suvar, and said, 
 
 4 You told me at one time that Bakhtyar was 
 your son ; now you describe him as the child of 
 royal parents.’ 
 
 Ferokh Suvar, in reply, told all the circum- 
 stances of his finding Bakhtyar near the w'ell, 
 and shewed the cloak in which he had been 
 wrapped. The king immediately knew it to be 
 the same which he had left with the infant, and 
 asked whether Ferokh Suvar had found any thing 
 besides. He produced the bracelet of pearls — 
 and the king, now convinced that Bakhtyar was 
 
118 
 
 not the son of Ferokh Suvar, but his own, took 
 the cloak and the bracelets to the queen, and 
 asked her if she had ever before seen them. She 
 instantly exclaimed, ‘ They were my child’s ! — 
 What tidings do you bring of him ?’ ' I shall 
 
 bring himself,’ replied the king ; and immediately 
 sent an order to the viziers that they should con- 
 duct Bakhtyar to the palace. When he arrived, 
 the king, with his own hands, tore off his chains, 
 placed a royal turban on his head, and covered 
 him with the embroidered cloak, and then led 
 him to the queen, saying, f This is our son, 
 whom we left on the brink of the well.’ When 
 the queen heard this, and beheld Bakhtyar, the 
 milk gushed forth from her nipples. The king 
 embraced the youth, who asked the queen why 
 she had endeavoured to destroy him by a false 
 accusation ? 
 
 She immediately confessed that the viziers had 
 induced her : on which the king ordered their 
 immediate execution, and then resigned the 
 throne to Bakhtyar, who was acknowledged so- 
 vereign by all the people. Ferokh Suvar was in- 
 vested with the dignity of chief vizier, and his 
 
119 
 
 companions rewarded with honourable appoint- 
 ments ; and Bakhtyar continued for many years 
 to govern with justice, wisdom, and generosity. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 Wilson Co. Printers , 
 
 ORIENTAL PRESS, 
 
 Wild Court, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London. 
 

 
 
 
 
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fii 
 
PK6451 .B16E5 
 
 The Bakhtyar Nameh, or. Story of Prince 
 Princeton Theological Seminary-Speer Library 
 
 1 1012 00003 7038