\miYmtkm far |a# pmU John Pjrc EDITED FROM COTTON MS. CLAUDIUS A. II. EDWAED PEACOCK, F.S.A., &c. LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY. BY TRUBNER & CO., 60, PATEENOSTER ROW. MDCCCLXVIII. Fn'ce Four Shillings. ^n\\%4^m% far ^m\m\ ^m\$ John Part. EDIIED FROM COTTON MS. CLA.UDIT7S A. II., EDWAED PEACOCK, F.S.A., &c. "^ LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY. BY TRUBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW. MDCCCLXVIII. Price Four Shillings, ■ i ■■>*>' ^=== COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT: "So DANBY P. FEY, ESQ. RICHARD MORRIS, ESQ. ^ _^5 FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. H. T. PARKER, ESQ. , T7 X FITZEDWARD HALL, ESQ. REV. GEORGE G. PERRY. y I f ^ REV. J. RAWSON LUMBY. REV. WALTER W. SKEAT. HENRY B. WHEATLEY, Esq. fWith power to add Workers to their number.) HONORARY SECRETARY: HENRY B. WHEATLEY, ESQ., 53, Bernees Street, London, W. BANKERS: THE UNION BANK OF LONDON, REGENT STREET BRANCH, 14, Argyll Place, W. The Publications for the first three years, 1864, 1865, and 1866, are out of print, but a separate subscription has been opened for their immediate reprint, and when thirty additional names have been re- ceived, the Texts for 1864 will be sent to press. Subscribers who desire all or either of these years should send their names at once to the Hon. Secretary. The Publications for 1864 are: — 1. EARLY ENGLISH ALLITERATIVE POEMS, ab. 1320-30 a.d., ed. R. Morris. 2. ARTHUR, ab. 1440, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 3. LAUDER ON THE DEWTIB OF KYNGIS, ETC., 1556, ed. F. Hall. 4. SIR GA WAYNE AND THE GREEN KNIGHT, ab. 1320-30, ed. R. Morris. The Publications for 1865 are: — 5. HUME'S ORTHOGRAPHIE AND CONGRUITIB OF THE BRITAN TONGUE, ab. 1617, ed. H. B. Wheatley. 6. LANCELOT OF THE LAIK, ab. 1500, ed. Rev. W. W. Skeat. 7. GENESIS AND EXODUS, ab. 1250, ed. R. Morris. 8. MORTE ARTHURE, ab. 1440, ed. Rev. G. G. Perry. 9. THYNNE ON CHAUCER'S WORKS, ab. 1598, ed. Dr. Kingslet. 10. MERLIN, ab. 1450, Part I., ed. EI. B. Wheatley. 11. LYNDESAY'S MONARCHE, ETC., 1552, Part I., ed. F. Hall. 12. THE WRIGHT'S CHASTE WIPE, ab. 1462, ed. F. J. Furnivall. The Publications for 1866 are : — 13. SEINTE MARHERETE, 1200-1330, ed. Rev. 0. Cockayne. 14. KYNG HORN, FLORIS AND BLANCHEFLOUR. ETC., ed. Rev. J. R, LuMBY. 15. POLITICAL, RELIGIOUS, AND LOVE POEMS, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 16. THE BOOK OF QUINTE ESSENCE, ab. 1460-70, ed. F.J. Furnivall. 17. PARALLEL EXTRACTS FROM 29 MSS. OF PIERS PLOWMAN, ed. Rev. W. W. Skkat. 18. HALI MEIDENHAD, ab. 1200, ed. Rev. O. Cockayne. 19. LYNDESAY'S MONARCHE, ETC., Part II., ed. F. Hall. 20. HAMPOI.E'S ENGLISH PROSE TREATISES, ed. Rev. G. G. Perry. 21. MERLIN, Part II. ed. H. B. Wheatley. 22. PARTENAY or LUSIGNEN, ed. Eev. W. W. Skeat. 23. DAN MICHEL'S AYENBITE OF INWYT, 1310, ed. R. Morris. A few copies are left of No. 5, Ilurae's Orthographic, 4s.; No. 17, Extracts from Piers Plowman, Is. ; No. 20, Hanipole's Treatises, 2s. ; No. 22, Partenay, 6s. ; No. 23, Ayenbite, 10s. Q>d. The Society's lleport, January, 1867, with Lists of Texts to be published in I'uturc years, etc. etc., can be had on application to the Hon. Secretary, Henby B. "WnEATiET, Esq., 53, Perners Street, W. (^arlg (gtt^ltsli ©ext ^ackts,. Report of the Committee, January, 1868. Unexampled as had been the progress of the Society in former j^ears, its success in the year just passed must be held to have exceeded that of all previous ones, for not only have its own members increased by a hundred and seventy, not only has its income risen to £941, but it has given birth to what are, in fact, four other Societies, namely, its own Extra Series, the Spenser Society, the Roxburghe Library, and the Chaucer Society.* Thus reinforced, the Society can proceed with fresh vigour to the accomplishment of its task, with the determi- nation not to rest till Englishmen shall be able to say of their Early Literature, what the Germans can now say with pride of theirs, ''every work of it's printed, and every word of it's glossed." 'England must no longer be content to lag behind. But many a year of strenuous effort lies between this task just begun and its end. It is an effort in which every member of the Society is called on to take part; and during this present year, and all future ones, the Committee rely on its volunteers to put it in possession of, at least, the money power that the Government supplies to its English regulars under the Master of the Eolls, — a thousand a year. With an income of that amount, a real impression could be made on the work before us, and if every Member will but get one fresh subscriber during the year,t the income wanted will be at once secured. To the resolute Members who have made the Society what, in numbers and income, it is, the Committee especially appeal to continue their exertions, so that the Subscribers may be raised to the required thousand. • The collection of Early French Texts, undertaken by MM. Paul Meyer and Gaston Paris, is also mainly due to the Society's example. A Lydgate Society, to take Lydgate, Occleve, and Hawes, is still wanted. t " I will undertake to get twenty subscribers during 1868. I wish all the rest would undertake to get ten."— John Leigh, MaachcBter. The review of the past year's work shows two sides to it ; one of much encouragement, the other of less. To take the latter first. Members were offered thirty-two Texts during the year, in the original series, if they would find money for them ; they found it only for seven, — and these instead of eleven, as in 1866, — which made necessary the starting of an Extra Series,* but yet that has been only able to take one Text, and part of another. Members were asked to double the Society's income : they left it at its old amount,t only making up by fresh subscriptions for the old revenue from back Texts. They were asked to reprint the back Texts of 1864 and 1865; they have only raised enough to reprint those of 1864. Still, new members take time and trouble to obtain; and that so many were obtained as 170, is cause for congratulation, not complaint. The Society's numbers were in its first three years successively, 145, 260, 409 : in 1867 they reached 580 ; its income was in its first three years successively, £ 152, £ 384, £ 681 : in 1867, it was £941; its issues of Texts were, successively, in 1864,-5,-6, four, seven, eleven : in 1867, nine,;]: and this with the help of the Extra Series; but as £68 of the cost of the Ayenbite, published in 1866, was carried over to 1867, in which year that sum (with the money paid for copying MSS. for 1868, etc.,) would have produced one more Text, the issues of 1866 and 1867 may be looked on as equal. Thus, while in numbers (by the help of the Percy folio), and in income (by the help of the Extra Series) the Society has largely increased during 1867, in Texts it may be considered as having maintained its issue of 1866. More- over, it has, by the establishment of the Extra Series § for re- editions, taken these out of the way of the Manuscript work for the original Series, that pioneer work which is the Society's most important business. The Texts of the past year have yielded to no prior ones in interest and importance, as will be manifest when their names are mentioned; they have touched more nearly the life of the people than ever before. In our MisceUaneous Class, Mr. Toulmin * The Subscriptions to the Extra Series were at first made due every 1st of June. They are now made due every 1st of January, in order to avoid the necessity of two audits, and to suit the Hon. Secretary's accounts ; but those subscribers who find it more convenient to pay their second guinea on June 1st can of course so pay it. t That is, considering only the original series, for out of the £ 941 of 1867, the Camden and Philological Societies paid £93, and the Extra Series, £ 161. X Or reckoning by pages, the issues were in 1864, 481 pages; in 1865, 950 pages; in 1866, 2034 pages; in 1867 there will be about 1860 pages. § Mr. Furnivall's letter last June, proposing this Extra Series, has been mis- understood by some as leaving the issue of the Series doubtful. That was not its intention. It meant to say '■ The Series will be issued. Will you help it ? ' Smith's] I!n^lish Gilds* will cast a light, as long* desired as unexpected, on the condition of our early " common and mid- dling folks" {Gilds, p. 178) in towns, and show the whole of urban England covered with brotherhoods " for cherishing love and charity among themselves " (p. 184), for mutual help in sickness and old age, and the performance of the last offices to the dead. It is in the spirit of these men that the Editor. Mr. Toulmin Smith, has thrown his work, gratis, into the Society's series, removing it from that superintended by the Master of the Rolls, where the circulation of the book, and its consequent use- fulness, would have been lessened, though the Editor's full pay would have been secured. The Committee desire to express their strong sense of this generosity on Mr. Toulmin Smith's part. The next great work of the year falls also into the Miscella- neous Class, for it is in its social aspect rather than its religious, that the Committee regard The Vision of William concerning Piers Plowman, as being of importance. For the first time, the first sketch of this noble English Poem has been given to the world, and with a loving care that has never been heretofore bestowed on the later versions. Pierce the Ploughman^ s Crede has likewise been issued under Mr. Skeat's editing, and here again for the first time, have appeared from the MS. the writer's own lines on the Real Presence, altered by the first printer, and copied from him by subsequent editors. For the Extra Series, Mr. Morris's other engagements have not allowed him to produce yet the first part of Chaucer's Prose Works, but it will be issued during 1868 to the subscribers to that series for 1867, and the edition will be the only separate one of the poet's prose ever published. In our second class. Works illustrating our Dialects and the History of our Language, we have not only started our JDic- tionarg Series, by the new edition of the first printed English Rhyming Dictionary, rendered now for the first time easily available by Mr. Wheatley's careful Index ; but we have in the English Gilds, a most important collection of documents of one and the same date, from many of the counties of England, enabling us — under Mr. Richard Morris's guidance — to con- trast their varying provincialisms, and also to see the difierences between the language of the educated cleric and the provincial scribe of the same town. The linguistic importance of the volume is almost equal to its social, and had it done no more than confirm the existence in Lynnf of the initial x forms * This will, it is hoped, be ready in February, or March. t The Songs and Carols '^dited by Mr. Thomas Wright, for the Warton Club, in known also in Coventry and Lincolnshire, it would have justi- fied its publication. It ranks also as the second of our dated Texts (Report, 1866), the Ayenhite being the first. • In our third class. Religious Treatises, Mr. Perry has given us the nervous and rythmical Sermon that Dan John Gaytryge made, the singular' Poem of Sajme John the Evangelist, the Abbey of the Holy Ghost, etc. ; while Mr. Furnivall has added, besides the curious Poems on the Pilgrim's Sea-Voyage and the Parliament of Devils, etc., those tender Hymns to the Virgin and Christ, that simple Prayer of Richard de Castre's, whose pathos all must feel. The issue of the revised version of Ham- pole's Office promised in our last Report has been postponed, as a better MS. of it than the Thornton one has been found. In our first class, Romances, no work has been issued during the past year in the original series ; and this because the Committee gave notice in their last Report that they would consider " the Arthur and other Romances in the Percy Folio as part of the Society's Texts." No less than twelve Romances, or Romance -Poems, being in the Percy Folio, now all in type, — including three Poems at first intended for the Society's second Gawaine volume — the Committee felt absolved from the necessity of producing more. But they regret to hear that the subscriptions to the Folio have not covered half the cost of printing it, and they trust that those Members who have not yet taken the book on the favourable terms at which it has been ofiered to Members of the Society and their friends, will speedily do so.* In the Extra Series, The Romance of William of Palerne (or William and the Werwolf) will be issued for 1867 in January or February, 1868, re-edited by Mr. Skeat, with the missing portion supplied from the French original by the kind help of Monsieur Michelant, of the Imperial Library of France. The fragment of an alliterative Romance of Alexan- der, assumed to be by the translator of William of Palerne, will be issued in the same volume. Another most important section of the Society's work, the spread of the study of English in schools, and as a recognised 1865, from the Sloane MS. 2593, contain the x forms {xal, etc.) as well as the Mid- land (and Northern) qiian, quaf, etc. ; and at p. 74 occur the lines — " Many merveylis God hajt sent, Of lytenyng and of thunder dent ; At the frere ca[r]mys hajt it bent, At Lynne toun, it is non nay. Lytenyng at Lynne dede gret harm, Of tolbothe and of fryre carm . . . • It will be remembered that in the proposal for printing the Folio, the promoter said, " without the conviction that these Members [of the Early English Text Society] would back me, I would never have entered on the undertaking ; and the ultimate benefit of it will result to their ^'ociety." branch of education,* has during the last year made a splendid advance. Interest and enquiry have been aroused on all sides, and many of the most thoug-htful and able teachers have declared m its favour, as is shown by Professor Seeley's Lecture, the Essays on a Liberal Education, the proximate establishment" of The London Shident, the introduction of regular English teaching into Marlborough College, King's College School, etc. The Committee believe also that the forthcoming Keport of the Schools Commission will take the same view. Mr. Morris's Specimens of Earl If English has been adopted as the Test-book for the B.A. degree in the University of London ; and to meet the growing want in schools tor early text-books, Mr. Morris has issued his Selections from Chaucer, and Mr. Skeat's Pierce the Ploughman's Crede has been published separately as a * The Society does not of course desire the study of Early English apart from that of modern and middle English, hut as the head and crown of'the later work. On the English training in the" City School, Mr. Abbott says, in a letter to Mr. Furnivall — " My great object is to influence the home-reading of the boys, and direct it to the English classics instead of trash. For this purpose some classical English •work (as for -example, Milton's ' Comxis,' Pope's 'Iliad,' Scott's ' Ivanhoe,' Scott's 'Marmion,' Milton's ' Paradise Lost')— is allotted to each class from September to Christmas. From Christmas to Easter a play of Shakespeare is substituted. In studying such a work as Pope's ' Iliad,' the boys are expected to know the plot of the whole book thoroughly, and they are also expected to get up a part of the work with minute attention to details, the parsing, derivation of words, etc. They are also expected to repeat some passages from memory. I wish a boy who leaves at the age of 16 for business, with perhaps few definite ideas derived from Latin authors, to have derived if possible some definite ideas from English authors. A boy who passes through the middle of the school from the age of 13, suppose, to that of 16, would, in the ordinary course of things, read four plays of Shakespeare, and four other standard English works. His reading would be tested by frequent examina- tions, and he would be taught the difibrence between careful reading and careless reading. Such a course might engender a desire of more extended reading, a love of good hooks, a disgust for bad ones. All this seems to me very valuable. If all boys had good libraries and good homes we might, perhaps, dispense with a part of our English training (though even then a boy could not derive all the benefit from home-reading that he could from home-reading tested by school-examination), but, as things are, I consider our Enijlish training indispensable. " Here are some of ihe books studied in different classes— beginning from the lowest in the senior school : — Grammar Class. (-By /^e-^r^ | " Ruin seize thee." Gray. I " Ivanhoe. Scott. I Class {Bij heart) l''lxrj:' Macaulay. I " Quentin Durward." ... Scott. II Class. "Marmion." Scott. TTT Pli«« (% /itarO j "Allegro and Penseroso." Milton. ^^^^^^''- I "Old Mortality." Scott. Latin Class. Pope's "Iliad." IV Class. I " I'aradise Lost," (two books). ( irench on "Words. {For this year, ,- p, ( A book of the " Faery Queen." 1867.) V ^Kisb. Ustpartof Angus' "Handbook." [For this year.) ( " Piers Plowman's Crede." VI Class. \ Dante's "Inferno" (Carey). ( Angus' "Handbook." schoo,! book. Professor Hiram Corson's edition of Chaucer's Legend of Good Women is also here worthy of note. The foun- dation of an Anglo-Saxon professorship at Cambridge by a member of the Society, the Rev. Professor Bosworth, has been announced, and when completed will rescue that seat of learning from the disgrace it has hitherto laboured under, that the Univer- sity of Spenser, Ben Jonson, Bacon, Milton, Wordsworth, Byron, Macaulay, and Tennyson, has had no recognised teacher of their mother tongue. Well has Professor Seeley said,* " Classical studies may make a man intellectual, but the study of the native literature has a moral effect as well. It is the true ground and foundation of patriotism. . . We too are a great historic nation; we too have ' titles manifold.' This country is not some newly discovered island in the Northern seas But the name of Milton sounds like any other name to those who have not pondered over his verses. I call that man uncivilized who is not connected with the past through the state in which he lives, and sympathy with the great men who have lived in it." Whencesoever the mighty of old come, we can set their peers beside any, their lords over many, from the rolls of our early and middle times, and in the knowledge of these men's words and thoughts lies one of the springs of the regeneration of our land. In connection with the study of Early English, the Committee allude also with special gratification to its spread in Germany; to the completion of Dr. Stratmann's ' Dictionary of the Old English Language, compiled from Writings of the xiii, xiv and XV centuries,'— the best book of its kind ; — the same editor's announced edition of the Oiol and Nightingale from the MSS. ; and the appearance of Matzner and Goldbeck's SprachproOen, or ' Specimens of Early English,' which thongh unluckily not re- edited from the MSS., contains elaborate notes and careful Introductions that reflect the highest credit on the editors. The winners of the Society's Prizes in 1867 for the study of English before Chaucer were : — Winners. Examiners. f Alexander Monro. ) -r, -n i. ti ., ^ p •. George Lever Widemann. ) ^^^- P^'^^' ^^osworth, Oxford. John Bradshaw. Prof, Dowden, Trinity Coll-, Dublin Henry A. Harben, „ Morley, Univ. Coll., London. „ Brewer, King's Coll., London. Boswell Berry „ Masson, Edinburgh. W. Taylor Smith. „ A. W. Ward, Owen's Coll., Manchester. Laurence Thomson. „ Nichol, Glasgow. George Crighton. „ Baynes, St. Andrew's. W. G. Rushbrooke. Rev. E. A. Abbott, City of London School. * Macmillan's Magazine, November, 1867, p. 86, Lecture on English in Schools. t From a misunderstanding, Professor Moffatt, of Galway, did not examine for the Society's prize. The pupils of Prof. Rushton, of Cork, were absent at the Civil Service Examinations when the College ones were held. The Committee have again to return thanks to the several Professors and Mr. Abbott, for the trouble they have taken in giving lectures and holding examinations for these prizes. It is gratifying to know that in one instance at least, the Society's prize has induced the best man of his year at a college to take up the study of Early English, and so to gain a possession above the worth of mere prizes. The result of the past year's work is such as to call on every Member for increased exertion to extend the sphere of the Society's usefulness and operations. It is hindered on every side by want of funds, by want of attention from men in the hurry of business or fashionable life ; and in securing either or both of these, Members will do good service to their Society. For this new year of 1868, the Committee will issue to Mem- bers with this Report: — 1. The very interesting set of Instruc- tions to Parish Priests, by John Mirk, Canon of Lilleshall, in Shropshire, edited for the first time, from the best MS., by Mr. Edward Peacock. Its sketch of the life and duties both of priest and layman, is full of life-like touches and curious information. 2. In contrast with this, the even more curious and full picture of the outer life of page and duke, of school-boy and girl, of olden time, contained in the largest collection of verse treatises yet made on the Manners and Meals of our ancestors, edited by Mr. Furnivall, entitled The Babees Book, etc., and having Fore- words on Education in Early England before 1450 a.d. 3. Another most curious Treatise on Female Education in the four- teenth century, — The I\^night de la Tour Landry, edited by Mr. Thomas Wright, — showing how then, by precept and the citation of examples, a father taught his motherless girls to " learn and see both the good and evil of the time past, and for to keep them in good cleanness, and from all evil in time coming."* To these the Committee propose to add : — 4. Perhaps the most im- portant linguistic text issued by the Society, Early English Homilies, ab. 1200 a.d., edited by Mr. Richard Morris, showing a stage in the development of English Noun-inflexions, hitherto unknown and unexpected, and exhibiting an extraordinary con- fusion of forms, besides most pleasant quaintnesses of speech, of thought, and life. 5. The Third Part of the Romance of Merlin, edited by Mr. H. B. Wheatley. 6. Part III. of Sir David Lyndesay's Works, The Historie and Testament of Squyer Mel- drum, edited by Dr. F. Hall. And the Committee trust that Members will supply funds enough to enable the Gawaine * Immediate payment of the present year's svibscriptioiis is required, in order that the printers' bills for these Texts may be discharged; and the Committee again request each Member to direct his Banker to pay his Subscription on every 1st of January to the Saciety's account, at the liegent-street Branch of the Union Bank. 8 Poems, the short Anglo-Saxon Finding of the Holy Cross, the Alliterative Romance of the Destruction of Troy, Text B. of Langland's Vision of Piers Plowman, and the Catholicon, to be included in this year's issue, for the books can be ready when- ever the money for them is forthcoming. For the Extra Series the year's issue will be : — 1. Caxton's Book of Curtesye, in Three Versions: — !, from the unique printed copy in the Cambridge University Library ; 2, from the Oriel MS. 79; 3, from the Balliol MS. 354. Edited by F. J. Eurnivall, Esq., M.A. [To be issutd ivith " William of Palerne." 2. Havelok the Dane. Ee-edited from the unique MS. by the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A., with the sanction and aid of the original editor; Sir Frederic Madden. 3. Chaucer's Prose Works. Part II. Edited from the MSS. by Richard Morris, Esq. The Committee desire to express their warm thanks to Sir Frederic Madden for withdrawing his Ibrmerly expressed wish that Havelok should not be re-edited by the Society, and for now Dominating Mr. Skeat to reproduce in a more accessible form, the Text so much desired by Students,— a Text whose reputa- tion is so largely due to the great ability and care of him who first gave it to the small public of the Roxburghe Club. With regard to the large-paper copies of the Extra Series, the Committee give notice that when the number of pages issued becomes so large as to leave little or no profit to the Society, the subscription to the large-paper copies will be raised. The cost of the hand-made laid paper for these is very heavy, fifty-four shillings a reami, and though the subscribers will probably get for two guineas double the quantity of matter that, and on better paper than, the Roxburglie Club members get for five guineas, yet when the year's issue exceeds two moderate, or three thin volumes, it can be produced only at a loss of the profit that these large-papers are expected to yield. And as the Society has from the first set its face against luxurious editions except as a help to working ones, the large-papers must fulfil the condition of yielding that help, or the Society cannot consent to produce them. The Reprinting Fund has now 90 Subscribers, and their subscriptions, with £47 from tlic sale of back Texts, will enable the Texts of 1864 to go to press at once, and there can be no doubt that this year will see them all reprinted. The Committee invite offers of voluntary assistance from those who may be willing to edit or copy Texts, or to lend them books for reprinting or for ru-rcading with the original MSS. The Subscription to the Society is £1 \s. a year [and £1 \s. (Large Paper £2 2.v.) additional for the Extua Series], due in advance on the 1st of J.\nuaky, and should be paid either to the Society's Account at the Union Bank of London, 14, Argyll Place, llegcnt Street, W., or by post-office order (made payable to the Chief OlKce, London) to the Hon. Secretary, IIenuy B. Wh'eatley, Esq., 53, Bcruers Street, London, W. List of Texts for Fublication in future years: I. ARTHUR AND OTHER ROMANCES. The Alliterative Romance of the Destruction of Troy, translated from Guido de Colonna. To be edited from the unique MS. in the Hunterian Museum, Glas- gow, by the Rev. G. A. Panton, and D. Donaldson, Esq. \_In the Press. Merlin, Part IV. To be edited by H. B. AVheatley, Esq. _ [Copied. The Romance of Arthour and Merlin. Re-edited* from the Auchinleck MS. (ab. 1320-30 a.d), and the Lincoln's Inn and Douce MSS. The History of the Saint Graal or Sank Ryal. By Henrjr Lonelicli Skynner, (ab. 1440 A.D.) To be re-edited from the unique MS. in the Library of Corpus Christi Coll., Cambridge, by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. Le Morte Arthur, re -edited from the Harl. MS. 2252, by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. The Arthur Ballads. The Romance of Sir Tristrem. To be re-edited from the Auchinleck IMS. The Romance of Sir Generides in Ballad Metre, from the unique MS. in Trin. Coll., Library, Cambridge. To be edited by W. Aldis Wright, Esq., M.A. The English Charlemagne Romances, re-edited from the Auchinleck MS., Lansd. 381, etc. Sir Ferumbras, a Charlemagne Romance in Southern verse (ab. 1377 a.d.) : from MS. Ashmole 33. [Part copied. The Romance or Legend of Sir Tpotis. From the Vernon and other MSS. [Copied. 'i'he English Alexander Romances. Chevelere Assigne. The Early English Version of the Gesta Roraanorum. To be re-edited from the MSS. in the British Museum and other Libraries. Ti. dialectal -works and dictionaries. The Gospel of Nicodemus in the Northumbrian dialect. To be edited for the first time from Harl. MS. 4196, etc., Cotton-Galba, e. ix., by R. Morris, Esq. [Fart copied. Lives of Saints, in the Southern dialect. To be edited from the Harleian MS. 2277 (ab. 1305 A.D.) by R. Morris, Esq. Barbour's Lives of Saints (in the Northern dialect). From the MS. in the Cam- bridge University Library. Audelay's Works in the Shropshire Dialect. To be edited from the Douce MS. 302, by Richard Morris, Esq. [Fart copied. A Series of Early-English Dictionaries. Catholicon Anglicum. An English-Latin Dictionary (a.d. 1480). To be edited fi-om Lord Monson's MS. by H. B. Wheatley, Esq. [Copied. A little Dictionary for Children (W. de Worde), or a shorte Dictionarie for youge beginners (1554), by J. Withals. (The earliest edition, to be collated with the succeeding editions.) To be edited by Joseph Payne, Esq. Abcedarium Anglico-latinum, pro Tyrunculis, Richardo Hulajto exscriptore. Lon- dini, 1552. To be edited by Danby P. Fry, Esq. An Alvearie, or Quadruple Dictionarie in Englishe, Latin, Greeke, and French, by John Baret. (The edition of 1580 collated with that of 1573.) Also, Latin-English, — Horman's Vulgaria, 1519, 1530. To be edited by Toulmin Smith, Esq. * The re -editions may, and probably will, be transferred to the Extra Series, as the getting out of the diiferent works must depend on the power and convenience of the Editors who devote their time and energies to the Society's service, and vn the relative amounts subscribed to the Original and Extra Series. The income of each Series should be raised to a thousand a year. The present lists contain proba- bly £20,000 worth of work. Another £40,000 to that would perhaps finish the Society's task; and with a will the work may he done by the present generation. We have now fair hold of it, and should resolve not to loosen oiu: hold till all the wo rk is down. 10 Til. MISCELLANEOUS. The two later and differing Versions of Langland's Vision of Piers Plowman, Texts B and C, in separate editions, with a volume of Notes, Glossary, etc. To be edited from the MSS. by the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. IPreparing. Chaucer. The Household Accounts of Elizabeth, wife of Prince Lionel, iu which Chaucer is mentioned ; with the other Documents relating to the Poet. To be edited by E. A. Bond, Esq., Keeper of the MSS. in the British Museum. Mayster Jon 'Gardener, and other early i)ieces on Herbs, etc. To be edited from the MSS. by W. Aldis Wright, Esq., M.A. [Copied. .Early English Treatises on Music — Descant, the Gamme, etc. — from MSS. in London and Oxford. To be edited by the Rev. W. M. Snell, M.A., Fellow of Corpus Christ! Coll., Cambridge. [Part copied. Carols and Songs, Religious and Secular, chiefly from inedited MSS. To be edited by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. [Copied. Early English Poems from the Vernon MS. To be edited by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. [Part copied. Palladius on Husbondrie ; the earliest English Poem on Husbandry. To be edited from the unique MS. in Colchester Castle (ab. 1425 a.d.) by the Rev. Barton Lodge, A.M. Part I. [In the Press. Sir David Lyndesay's Works, Part IV. To be edited by F. Hall, Esq., D.C.L. The Rewle of the Moon, and other Poems illustrating Superstitions. To be edited from MSS. by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. [Part copied. Vegecius of Knyghthod and Chyualrie, from MSS. in the Bodleian and British Museum. To be edited by Danby P. Fry, Esq. [Copied. The Siege of Rouen. From Harl. MS. 2256, Egerton MS. 1995, Haii. 763, Bodl. 3562 (E. Musres 124), etc. Lydgate's Tragedies of Bochas, or Falles of Princes. From the fine Harleian MS. 1766. Lydgate and Burgh's Secreta Secretorum. From the Sloane MS. 2464. The Story of Two Merchants, from the Cambridge Univ. MS. Hh. iv. 12, (ab. 1450, A.D.), with a tale from the Porkington MS., No. 10. Lydgate's Translation of Boethius, a.d. 1410; Pilgrim, 1426; Siege of Thebes, 1448-50, and other Poems. Hugh Campden's Sidracke. From MS. Laud, g. 57 ; Harl. 4294, etc. Occleve's Unprinted Works. Occleve's De Regimine Principum, re-edited from Arundel MS. 38. Le Venery de Twety and of Mayster John Giifarde, and the Mayster of Game. From MSS. Cott. Vesp. B xii., Harl. 5806, etc. To be edited by Alfred Sadler, Esq. An Old English Bestiary of ab. 1250 a.d. To be edited from an Ai-undel MS. by R. Morris, Esq. [Copied. Cato, Great and Little, with Proverbs, etc., from the Vernon and other MS. To be edited by Mr. Edmund Brock. [Copied. Gawain Douglas's iEneis. To be edited by F. Hall, Esq., D.C.L. Barbour's Troy-Book. The Fragments in the MSS. of the Cambridge University Library, and the Douce Collection. The Siege of Jerusalem, two Texts: 1. from a Cambridge Univ. MS., Cot. Calig. A. ii., etc. ; 2. from an Oxford Univ. MS., and Calig. a. ii. To be edited by the Rev. J. R. Lumby, M.A. The Nightingale, and other Poems, from MS. Cot. Addit. MS. 10,036, etc. Lauder's remaining Poems. To be edited by F. Hall, Esq., D.C.L. Early Lawes and Ordinances of Warre. To be edited by the Rev. T. F. Simmons. George Ashby's Active Policy of a Prince, from MS. Mm. iv. 42, in Cam. Univ. Library. Peter Idle's Poems, from the MS. eo. iv. 37, in Camb. Univ. Library. Adam Davie's Poems, from M.S. Laud. i. 74, and Hale's MS. 150. To be edited by the Rev. J. R. Lumby, M.A. A Collection of Early -Tracts on Grammar. To be edited (chiefly from MSS. for the first time) by H. B. Wheatley, Esq. [Part copied. Municipal Records of England. To be edited from MSS. by Toulmin Smith, Esq, Some of Francis Thynne's Works. To be edited from the MSS. by G. H. Kingslcy, Esq., M.D. 11 Skelton's Translation cf Diodonis Siculus, oute of frcshe Latin, that is, of Poggius Florentinus, • containing six books. To be edited for the first time from the unique MS. in the Library of Corpus Christi Coll., Cambridge. IV. BIBLICAL AND RELIGIOL'B. The Finding of the Holy Cross, from an Anglo-Saxon MS., -with an Early English Poem on the Cross, Edited by Richard Morris, Esq. [In the JPress. The Life of St. Juliane, in Early English : two Versions from MSS. To be edited by the Rev. J. Oswald Cockayne, M.A. [In (he Pres.i, The Rewle of Saint Benet, in Anglo-Saxon, Semi-Saxon, and Early English, also in Northern verse of the 15th century, and prose of the loth and 16th. Five texts. To be edited from early MSS. and Cotton MS. Vesp. A. xxv. by R. Morris, Esq. [In the Press. Dan Jeremy's Lay-Folks' Mass-Book, and other Poems on the Mass. To be edited from a Royal MS., etc., by the Rev. T. F. Simmo«is. [Part copied. Life of St. Katherine, and other early pieces before 12o0 a.d. To be edited from the MSS. (with a translation) by the Rev. Oswald Cockayne, M.A. [Copied. Early English Homilies ab. 1220-30 a d. To be edited from the unique MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge, by R. Morris, Esq. [Copied. Cursor Mundi, or Cursur o Worlde, in the Northern Dialect. To be edited from the MSS. in the British Museum and Trinity College, Cambridge, by Richard Morris, Esq. Parti. [Copied. The Psalms called Schorham's. To be edited from the unique MS. (ab. 1340 a.d.) in the British Museum, by R. Morris, Esq. [Copied. Roberd of Brunne's Handlyng Synne ; a treatise on the sins, and sketches of the manners of English men and women in a.d. 1303. To be re-edited from the MSS. in the British Museum and Bodleian Libraries, by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. The Harrowin;? of Hell. To be edited from MSS., in the Bodleian Library, etc., by R. F. We'ymouth, Esq., M.A. [Copied. Hampole's Translation of, and Commentary on, the Psalms, from the Northern MSS. in Sidney Sussex Coll., Cambridge, and No. 10 in Eton College Library, etc. To be edited by R. Morris, Esq. [Part copied. Hampole's remaining Works, pe Clowde of Unknowyng, from MS. Harl. 2373. A Lanterne of Litj, from Haii. MS. 2324. Early English Directions for the Confessional, from Sloane and other MSS. The Old and New Testament in Verse. To be edited from the Vernon MS. by R. Morris, Esq. [Copied. The Stories of Lazarus, Susanna and the Elders, etc. From the Vernon MS. To be edited by J. W. Hales, Esq., M.A. [Copied. The History of Adam and Eve. From the Vernon MS. Harl. 1704, etc. Edited bv S. W. Kershaw, Esq. [Copied. Amon and Mardocheus, or Haman and Mordecai. From the Vernon MS. Trevisa's Translation of Fitzralf s Sermon. From MS. Harl. 1900. Medytacions of the Soper of our Lorde Ihesu, etc., perhaps by Robert of Brunne. To be edited from the Harl. MS. 1701 (ab. 1360 a.d.), etc., by F. J. Furnivall, Esq. Guillaume de Deguilleville's Pilgrimage of the Sowle, translated. From MS. Cott. Vitel. c. xiii. Lydgate's Life of St. Edmund. From the presentation MS. to Henry VI. Harl. 2278 William of Nassyngton's Treatise on Sins, etc. John de Taysteke's Poem on the Decalogue, 1357 a.d. From MS. Harl. 1022. EXTRA SERIES (OF EE-EDITIONS). Chaucer's Prose Works. Parts III. and IV. Syr Thomas Maleore's Kynge Arthur, from Caxton's edition of 1485. [Readijfor Press. Barbour's Brus, from the MS. in St. John's Coll , Cambridge, etc., to be edited by J. Peile, Esq., M.A., and the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. [Preparing. Harrison's Description of England. Part II. From Holinshed's Chronicle. The Complaynt&of Scotland, 1548. Blind Harry's Wallace, from the MS. 12 The "Voiage and Travaile of Sir John Ma-mcleville, Knight, mitten a.d. 1356 ; from the Cotton MS. Titus C xvi., etc. To be edited by Richard Morris. Esq. Trevisa's Translation of Bartholomew Glanville de Proprietatibus Rerura. Froissart's Chronicles, translated out of Frenche into our maternal Englyshe Tonprf', by Johan Bourchier, Knight, Lord Berners. To be edited by Henry B. Wheat- ley, Esq. (if not reprinted in English Reprints.) Lord Berners's Translation of Thystory of Arthur of Lytle Brytayne. Ancient Mysteries, from the Digby MS. The Wyse Chylde of Thre Yere Olde (W. de Worde) ; with the Civilitie of Childc- hode, translated by T. Paynell, 1560, and other early Treatises on Education. To be edited by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. John Hart's Orthographie, 1569, and Methode to read English, 1570. Bullokar's Booke at large for the Amendment of Orthography, 1580, 1586. Mulcaster's Positions 1561, and Elementarie, 1582. W. Bullokar's Orthographie, 1580, and Bref Grammar, 1586. Brinsley's Ludus Literarius, or the Grammar Schoole, 1627. Sir Thomas Elyot's Governor, and other works. Juliana Berners' Bokys of Hawkyng and Huntyng, and also of Cootarmuris, 1486, with the Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle, 1496. Caxton's Curial made by Mavster Alain Charretier (1484-5). Book of Good Maiiers, 1487. Fayt of Armes and of Chyualrye, from Christine of Pisa (1489). The Forme of Cury. Coryafs Crambe, 1611. Coryat's Crudities, 1611. Andrew Boorde's Compendyous Rcgymeiit, or a Dyetary of ilelth (ab. 1542). Andrew Boi'de's Introduction of Knowledge. BuUeyn's Bulwarke of Defence or the Booke of Simples. The English Works of Sir Thomas ISIore. Scotish Poems before 1600 a.d. A Myrrovre for Magistrates. A Volume of Moralities. A Volume of Interludes. Stubbes's Anatomie of Abuses. The Northumberland Household Book. Puttenham's Arte of English Poesie. Fitzherbert's Husbandry. •** All Complaints as to the Non-delivery of Texts should be made to the Publisher. The Publications for 1864 are : 1. Early English Alliterative Poems, ab. 1320- 30 A.D., ed. R. Morris. 2. Arthur, ab. 1440, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 3. Lauder on the Dewtie of Kyngis, etc., 1556, ed. F. 7Iall. 4. Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight, ab. 1320-30, ed.R. Morris. The Publications for 1865 are: — 5. Hume's Orthocraphic and Congruitie of the Britan Tongue, ab. 1617, ed. H. B. Wheatley. 6. Lancelot of the Laik, ab. 1500, ed. Rev. W. W. Skeat. 7. Genesis and Exodus, ab. 1250, cd. R. Morris. 8. Morte Arthure, ab. 1410, ed. Rev. G. G. Perry. 9. Thynne on Chaucer's Works, ab. 1598, ed. Dr. Kingslev. 10. Merlin, ab. 1450, Part I., ed. II. B. Wheatley. 11. Lyndesay's Monarche, etc., 1552, Part I., ed. F. Hall. 12. The Wright's Chaste Wife, ab. 1462, ed. F. J. Furnivall. T/ie Publications for ] 866 are :~ 13. Seinte Marherete, 1200-1330, cd. Rev. O. Cockayne. 14. King Horn, Floris and Blanchcflour, etc., ed. Rev. J. R. Lumby. 15. Political, Religious, and Love Poems, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 16. The Book of Quinte Essence, ab. 1460-70, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 17. Parallel Extracts from 29 MSS. of Piers Plowman, ed. Rev. W. W. .Skeat. 18. Hali Meidenhad, ab. 1200, ed. Rev. O. Cockayne. 19. Lindesay's Monarche, etc.. Part II. ed. F. Hall. 20. Hampole's English Prose Treatises, ed. Rev. G. G. Perry. 21. Merlin, Part II. ed. II. B. Wheatley. 22. Partenay or Lusignen, ed. Rev. W. W. Skeat. 23. Dan Michel's Ayenbitc of Inwyt, 1 340, ed. R. Morris. The Publications for 1867 are : — 24. Hymns to the Virgin and Christ ; the Parliament of Devils, etc., ab. 1430, ed. F. J. Furnivall. 3s. 25. The Stacions of Rome, the Pilgrim's Sea- Voyage, etc., ed. F. J. Furnivall. 2s. 26. Religious Pieces in Prose and Verse, ab. 1440 A.D., ed. Rev. G. G. Perry. 2s. 27. Levins's Manipulus Vocabulorura, 1570, cd H. B. Wheatley. 12«. 23. Langlands' Vision of Piers Plowman, 1362, A.D. The earliest or Vernon Text, cd. Rev. W. W. Skeat. 7s. 29. English Gilds, thcii- Statutes and Customs, 1389 A.D., ed. Toulmin Smith. 7s. 30. Pierce the Ploughman's Crede, ed. Ecv. W. W. Skeat. 2s. 13 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT. DANBY P. FRY, ESQ. FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. FITZEDWARD HALL. ESQ. REV. J. RAWSON LUMBY. RICHARD MORRIS, ESQ. H. T. PARKER, ESQ. EDWARD PEACOCK. ESQ. REV. GEORGE G. PERRY. REV. WALTER W. SKEAT. TOULMIN SMITH, ESQ. HENRY B. WHEATLEY, ESQ. THOMAS WRIGHT, ESQ. ( JFith power to add IForhers to their number.) HONORARY SECRETARY: HENRY B. WHEATLEY, ESQ., 53, BeRxNers Street, London, W. BANKERS I THE UNION BANK OF LONDON, REGENT STREET BRANCH, 14, Argyll Place, W. A itar or dagger is prefixed to the names of those who subscribe to the Extra Series; a star/or the small paper, and a dagger for the large paper. Abrahall, Rev. Jolm Hoskyns, Combe, near Woodstock. *Adam, a. Mercer, Esq., M.D., Boston, Lincolnshire. Adam, John, Esq., Town Chamberlain, Greenock. Adams, Dr. Ernest, Anson Road, Victoria Park, ]\Ianchester. *Adams, G. E., Esq. 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BiCKERTON, G., Esq., 41, Dick Place, Edinburgh. BiDDELL, Sidney, Esq., Farm-hill House, Stroud, Gloucestershire. Bigg, Rev. C, The College, Cheltenham. *Birmingham Library, Union Street, Birmingham. *BiRMiNGHAM Free Central LIBRARY, Ratcliff Place, Birmingham. Blackley, Rev. W. L., North Waltham Rectory, Micheldever, Hants. *Blackman, Frederick, Esq., 4, York Road, S. *Bladon, James, Esq., Albion House, Pont y Pool. Bohn, Henry G., Esq.. North End House, Twickenham. BoiLEAU, Sir John P., Bart., 20, Upper Brook Street, W. *BoswoRTH, Rev. Professor, D.D., 20, Beaumont Street, Oxford. Bridgman, W. D. J., Esq., D.C.L., 11, Victoria Road, Old Charlton, S.E. Britton, John James, Esq., 5, Park Road, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Brothers, Alfred, Esq., 14, St. Ann's Square, Manchester. *Buchanan, Dr. Robert, Prince's Street, Greenock, Buckley, Rev. Wm. Edw., Rectory, Middleton Cheney, Banbury. BuMPUS, Mr., 6, Holborn Bars. *BuRRA, James S., Esq., Ashford, Kent. 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Greg, Louis, Esq., 9, Rumford Street, Liverpool, Local Sec. Greg, Mrs. E. H., Quarry Bank, Wilmslow, Cheshire. Grey, George, Esc^., County Buildings, Glasgow. Griffith, Rev. H. T., North Walsham, Norfolk. *GRiFriTH, Robert W., Esq., Quay Street, Cardiff. Groome, Rev. R. Monk Soham Rectory, Framlingham Station, Suftblk. Guest, Edwin, Esq., LL.D., Master of Caius College, Cambridge. *GuEST, John. Esq., Moorgate Grange, Rotherham. *GuiLD, J. Wylie, Esfi., Glasgow. *Guildhall, Library op the Corpokation of London, E.C. 17 Hailstone, E., Esq., Horton Hall, Bradford. _ Haines, Frederick, Esq., 178, Prospect Place, Maida Hill Ef t W. Hales, J. W., Esq., Turret Lodge, Park Village East, Kegent s Park, N.W. Halkftt, Samuel, Esq., Advocates' Library, Edinburgh. Hall, B. H., Esq., Troy, New York. , ^ , „ ^ , tt-h t^t w *Hall Fitzedward, Esq., D.C.L., 18, Provost Eoad, Haverstock HiU, N.W. Halliwell, J. O., Esq., 11, Tregunter Road, South Kensington, b.'U . Hamilton, Andrew, Esq., 47, Rumford Street, Manchester. Hamlen, Charles, Esq., 27, Virginia Street, Glasgow. Hanson, Reginald, Esq., 37, Boundary Road N.W. Harben, Henry A., Esq., Seaford Lodge, Fellows Road, N.W. Harris, Frederick, Esq., Liverpool. r,x t i. > w a xr w Harris, Mortimer, Esq., 16, Marlborough Hill, St. John s Wood, N.W. *-Harris, William, Esq., Stratford Road, Camp Hill, Birmingham. Harrison, Wm., Esq., Samlesbury Hall, near Blackburn, Lancashire. Hart, Howard, Esq., Troy, New York. Hates, Francis B., Esq., United States. Heales, Alfred, Esq., Doctors' Commons, E.C. ,r , . Herford, Edward, Esq., The Knolls, Alderley Edge, near Manchester. Herford, Rev. W. H., 33, Wood Street, Greenheys, Manchester. Hewitt, Thomas, Esq., Bella Vista, Queen's Town, Cork Harbour. Hill, John William, Esq., 3, Osborne Terrace, Leeds. iHilton, Wm. Hughes, Esq., Willow Bank, Stretford, near Manchester. Hodgki'n, Mrs., West Derby, Liverpool. . ^^ ^ ^ ^ a+ + w *Hodgson! Shadworth H., Esq., 45, Conduit Street, Regent Street, W. HoETS, J. W. Van Rees, Esq., 150, Adelaide Road, N.\V. Hooper, John, Esq., University College, Gower Street, W.C. Hopkins, Hugh, Bookseller, 6, Royal Bank Place, Glasgow. HopwooD, J. R., Esq., Trinity College, Cambridge. HoRwooD, Alfred J., Esq., New Court, Middle Temple, E.C. tHouGHTON, Lord, 16, Upper Brook Street, W. Howard, Henry, Esq., Albion Tube Works, Nile Street Birmmghj Howard, Hon. Richard E., D.C.L., Stamp Office, Manchester. Hugo, Rev. Thomas, The Chestnuts, Clapton, N.E. Hutchinson, Captain R. R., 13, Holland Terrace, Holland Road, Ken- *HYDMames John, Esq., 10, Lomas Buildings, Bull Lane, Stepney, E. India Office Library, St. James's, S.W. Ingleby, C. Mansfield, Esq., LL.D., Valentines, Ilford, E. Jackson, E. Steane, Esq., Tettenhall Proprietary School, near Wolver- hampton. *Jacks()N, John, Esq., Chancery Place, Manchester. * Jackson, Rev. S., Magdalen College, Cambridge. Jeffery, Counsell, Esq., 30, Tredegar Square, Bow Road, E. *Jenkins, James, M.D., Royal Marine Infirmary Plymouth. Jenner, Charles, Esq., Easter Duddingston Lodge, Edinburgh. *Jessopp, Rev. A., The School House, Norwich. Johnson, Prof. G. J., 243, Hagley Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Johnson, S. G., Esq., Faversham. Johnson, W., Esq., Eton College, Windsor. Jones, C. W., Esq., Gateacre, near Liverpool. * Jones, J. Pryce, Esq., Grove Park School, Wrexham. *JoNt;s, Joseph, Esq., Abbeiley Hall, Stourport. *JoNES, Thomas, Esq., Chetham Library, Manchester. liam. 18 Jones, W. Stavenhagen, Esq., Leadenhall Buildings, 79|, Gracecliurch Street, E.G. *JoRDAN, Joseph, Esq., Bridge Street, Manchester. Kendall, J., Esq., 97, Rumford Street, Manchester. Kenrick, William, Esq., Mountlands, Norfolk Road, Birmingham. Kershaw, John, Esq., Cross Gate, Audenshaw, Manchester. *Kersley, Rev. Canon, LL.D., Middleton Vicarage, King's Lynn. Kett, Rev. G. W., 16, Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, N.W. *King, W. Warwick, Esq., 29, Queen Street, Gannon Street West, E.G. Kitson, James, Esq., Elmete Hall, Leeds. Koch, Dr. (care of Dr. C. Schaible). Laidlat, a., Esq., 13, Great Stuart Street, Edinburgh, and Queen's College, Oxford. Laing, David, Esq., LL.D., Signet Library, Edinburgh. *Lancashire Independent College, Manchester. Lancaster, W. T., Esq., Lower Taufield Street, Caledonian Street, Leeds. Latham, Henry, Esq., 34, Beaumont Street, Oxford. Lawrence, A. C., Esq., Chronicle Office, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden. tLEiGH, John, Esq., Whalley Road, Whalley Range, Manchester, Local Sec. Leeds Old Library. Lewis, Henry, Esq., Secretary Training College, Battersea. LiNNELL, J., jun., Esq., Redhill, Reigate. Little, William, C, Esq., Stag's Holt, March, Cambridgeshire. *Lodge, Rev. Barton, Colchester. *London Library, 12, St. James's Square, S.W. Luard, Rev. Henry Richards, 4, St. Peter's Terrace, Cambridge. Luck, Frederick George, Esq., West Farm, East Barnet, Herts. Ludlow, John, Esq., Whalley Road, Whalley Range, Manchester. *LuMBY, Rev. J. Rawson, St. Mary's Gate, Cambridge. Lcshington, E. L., Esq., Park House, Maidstone, and Glasgow. Maccabe, Mr. John, Bookseller, Wakefield. *Mac Donald, George, Esq., The Retreat, Upper Mall, Hammersmith, W. Mac Douall, Professor Charles, LL.D., Queen's College, Belfast. Mackenzie, John Whitefoord, Esq., 16, Royal Circus, Edinburgh. Mackintosh, James, Esq., 1, West End Park Street, Woodland Road, Glasgow. Maclaren, John Rattray, Esq., Edinburgh. *M'Laughlin, Captain E., R.A., Radnor CliiF, Sandgate. McLennan, Rev. A., The Rectory, Sunderland. Macmillan, a., Esq., Bedford Street, Covent Garden, W.C. tMACMiLLAN & Co., Mcssrs., Cambridge (3 sets). Extra Series, 3 copies small and 1 large. *Madden, Sir Frederick, K.H., 25, St. Stephen's Square. Malleson, William T., Esq., Henmeadow, Freshwater, Isle of Wight. Manchester, The Duke of, Kimbolton Castle, St. Neot's. Mancuester, The Lord Bishop of, Mauldreth Hall, near Manchester. Manchester Portico Library. Manning, Miss, 34, Blomfield Road, Maida Hill, W. Makkby, Rev. Thomas, Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Marsh, His Excellency George P., Florence. *Martineau, p. M., Esq., Littlewortli, Esher, Surrey. *Martineau, Russell, Esq., British Museum, W.C. *Mayor, Rev. John E. B., St. John's College, Cambridge. 19 Medley, Rev. J. B., Tormarton Rectory, Chipping Sodbury. tMEDLicoTT, W. G., Esq., Longmeadow, Massachusetts, U. S. *Melbourne Public Library, Victoria. Melbourne University, Victoria. Monk, F. W., Esq., Faversham. Monro, J., Esq., 131, Richmond Road. MoNSON, The Lord, Burton Hall, Lincolnshire. MoRESHWAR, Mr., 3, St. George's Square, Primrose Hill, N.W. Morris, Richard, Esq., 10, Stamford Road, Page Green, Tottenham. MuiR, John, Esq., D.C.L., LL.D., 16, Regent's Terrace, Edinburgh. MiiLLER, Professor Max, Park's End, Oxford. MuNBY, Arthur J., Esq., 6, Fig-tree Court, Temple, E.G. *MuNTz, George H. M., Esq., Birchfield, Birmingham. Murdoch, James Barclay, Esq., 33, Lynedoch Street, Glasgow. *Napier, George W., Esq., Alderley Edge, near Manchester. Neaves, Lord, 7, Charlotte Square, Edinburgh. Neumann, Edward, Esq., 37, Ethelburga House, 70, Bishopsgate Street, E.G. *Newcastle-upon-Tyne Literary and Philosophical Society. NicHOL, Professor, University, Glasgow. Nichols, John Gough, Esq., 25, Parliament Street, Westminster. Noble, Benjamin, Esq., 74, Union Street, Greenock. Norfolk and Norwich Literary Institution, Noi-wich. *NoEMAN, J. Manship, Esq., Dencombe, Crawley, Sussex. NoRRis, Edwin, Esq., 6, St. Michael's Grove, Brompton, S.W. *NoRRis, William, Esq., 7, St. James's Square, Manchester. *NoRwicH Grammar School Library. *Oakey, John, jun., Esq., 172, Blackfriars Road, S. Odell, a. J., Esq., New York. Ogle, Messrs. Maurice & Co., Glasgow. Oppenheim, Mrs. Chas., 29, Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood Road, N.W. Ormerod, Henry M., Esq., 5, Clarence Street, Manchester. OscoTT, Library of St. Mary's College, Birmingham. Owen's College Library, Manchester. *0XF0RD AND CAMBRIDGE ClUB, Pall Mall. tPAiNE, Cornelius, Jun., Esq., Oak Hill, Surbiton, Surrey. Palmer, A. Smythe, Esq., Ashbrook, Raheny, Co. Dublin. tPANTON, Rev. G. A., Crown Circus, Dowanhill, Glasgow, Local Sec. (2 sets). Extra Series, 1 large and 1 small. tPARKER, H. T., Esq., 3, Ladbroke Gardens, W. (11 sets.) Extra Series, 11 small and 1 large. Patterson, W. S., Esq., Glasgow. *Payne, Joseph, Esq., 4, Kildare Gardens, Bayswater, W. *Peace, Maskell Wm., Esq., Greenhill, Wigan, Lancashire. Peacock, Edward, Esq., Bottesford Manor, Erigg, Lincolnshire. Peacock, William, Esq., 3, Sunniside, Sunderland. Pearson, C. H., Esq., Oriel College, Oxford. Peel, George, Esq., Soho Iron Works, Manchester. Peile, John, Esq., Christ's College, Cambridge. *Penfold, Hugh, Esq., Library Chambers, Middle Temple. Pennsylvania, Historical Society of, Philadelphia. Penzance Public Library. Perceval, Charles Spencer, Esq., 64, Eccleston Square, S.W. Perry, Rev. George G., Waddington Rectory, Lincoln. 20 i i PiCTON, James A., Esq., Dale Street, Liverpool. \ *PococK, Charles Junes, Esq., Rouge Bouillon, Jersey. Portsmouth Athenaeum, Portsmouth, U.S. Potts, C. Y., Esq., Ledbury, Herefordshire. ' Prange, F. G., Esq., 2, Grove Park, Lodge Lane, Liverpool. j *Priaulx, Osw. De Beauvoir, Esq., 8, Cavendish Square, W. Pritchakd, James, Esq., Lendel Place, Paisley Road. ] Provan, Moses, Esq., 110, West George Street, Glasgow. i Putnam, G. Phelps, Esq., United States. j Quaritch, Mr., 15, Piccadilly, ^Y. ] Raine, Rev. James, York. ■ Ranken, Rev. W. A., Cuminestomi, Turriff, N.B. ' Raven, Rev. J. J., B.D., 17, South Quay, Great Yarmouth. . ; *Rea, Charles,. Esq., Doddington Wooler, Northumberland. tREDFERN, Rev. Robert S., Vicarage, Acton, Nantwich. i t Reeve, Henry, Esq., 62, Rutland Gate, S.W. j Reform Club, Pall Mall. j Reillt, Francis S., Esq., 22, Old Buildings, Lincoln's Inn, W.C. '1 Retnell, Charles W., Esq., 8, Hotham Villas, Putney. i Reynolds, Dr., The Cloisters, St. Michael's Hamlet, Liverpool. ; *RiviNaTON, John, Esq., Redcliffe St. Mary Church, South Devon. ; Roberts, Mr. Robert, Bookseller, Boston. Robinson, W. L., Esq., Wakefield. ; RoKSON, William, Esq., care of Dr. Robson, Warrington, Lancashire. \ *RooF£, William, Esq., Craven Cottage, Merton Road, Wandsworth. ; Ross, Henry, Esq., The Manor House, Swanscombe, Kent. . *Rossetti, W. M., Esq., 56, Euston Square, N.W. *Rothwell, Charles, Esq., St. George's Place, Bolton. \ *RowE, J. Brooking, Esq., 16, Lockyer Street, Plymouth. , 1 *RoTAL Library, Windsor Castle. • Rumney, Robert, Esq., Ardwick Chemical Works, near Manchester. .; RusKiN, John, Esq., Denmark Hill, Camberwell. (10 sets). : *RussELL, Thomas, Esq., 14, India Street, Glasgow. ; St. Andrew's University Library. ] St. David's, Right Rev. Connop Thirlwall, Bishop of, Abergwili Palace, I Carmarthen. i Salt, Samuel, Esq., Ulveston, Lancashire. j *Sanders, S. j. W., Esq., 9, Lansdowne Crescent, Great Malvern. ScuAiBLE, Dr. Charles H., 101, Gower Street, Bedford Square, W.C. , Sghwabe, Edm. S., Esq., Oak End, Halliwell Lane, Chetham Hill, Man- ScHWABE, F. S., Esq., Rhodes House, Middleton, near Manchester. '■ Scott, James, Esq., The Lochies House, Burntisland, N.B. : Scott' William B., Esq., 33, Elgin Road, Notting Hill, W. i Sharpe, Samuel, Esq., Huddersfield College. : ^Shields, Thomas, 'Eaq., Scarborough. ; *SiMMONS, Rev. T. F,, Dalton Holme, Beverley. *SiMMS, Charles, Esq., King Street, Manchester. _ ^ SiMONTON, J. W., Esq., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, U.S. -, Sinclair, James B., Esq., 324, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow. { *SiON College, President and Fellows of, London Wall, E.C. : tSKEAT, Rev. Walter W., 22, Regent Street, Cambridge. j Slack, John, Esq., Croft Lodge, Rothesay. i 21 .,// Slatter, Rev. John, Streatley Vicarage, Reading. *Smith, Mr. Alexander, 214, New City Road, Glasgow. Smith, Charles, Esq., Faversham. ^\ *Smith, Toulmin, Esq., Wood Lane, Highgate. Snelgrove, Arthur Q., Esq., London Hospital, S. Snell, Rev. W. M., Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Solomon, Saul, Esq., Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. 0* *Spark, H. King, Esq., Greenbank, Darlington. \ Sprange, a. D., Esq., 12, Princes Square, Bayswater, W. ^. Stanley, The Lord, 23, St. James's Square, S.W. ^ Stephens, Professor George, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. *Stevens, Brothers, Messrs., 17, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. (2 sets). Stevenson, Rev. Professor William, D.D., 37, Royal Terrace, Edinburgh. Stewart, Alexander B., Esq., Glasgow. *Stirrup, Mark, Esq., 62a, Mosley Street, Manchester. Stockholm Royal Library. *Stokes, Whitley, Esq., Legislative Council Buildings, Calcutta. *Stone, W. G., Esq., 40, High Street, West, Dorchester. *Stonyhurst College, near Whalley, Lancashire. Storr, Rayner, Esq., 26, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C. Strathern, Sheriff, County Buildings, Glasgow. Stubbs, Rev. Prof. William, North Parade, Oxford. Sunderland Subscription Library. *Symonds, Rev. Henry, The Close, Norwich. *-Tanner, Dr. Thomas Hawkes, 9, Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square. Taylor, Robert, Esq., Shrewsbury. tTAYLOR, Thos. F., Esq., Highfield House, Pemberton, near Wigan. Tennyson, Alfred, Esq., D.C.L., Faringford, Isle of Wight. Tew, Rev. Edmund, Patching Rectory, near Arundel, Sussex. Thompson, Frederic, Esq., South Parade, Wakefield. *Thompson, Joseph, Esq., Sandy Nook, Ardwick, Manchester. Thornely, John, Esq., 68, Chancery Lane, W.C. *Thorpe, Rev. J. F., Hernhill Vicarage, Faversham. *Timmins, Samuel, Esq., Elvetham Lodge, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Tod, John, Esq., 11, Rumford Street, Liverpool. Toole, The Very Rev. Canon, Bedford House, Hulme, Manchester. Trollope, Anthony, Esq., Waltham House, Waltham, N. Trollope, T. a. Esq., Florence. Troy, New York, Young Men's Association. tTRiJBNER & Co., Messrs., 60, Paternoster Row, (80 sets.) Extra Series, 25 small and 1 large paper. Turner, Robert S., Esq., 1, Park Square West, Regent's Park, N.W. Tyssen, John R. D., Esq., 9, Rock Gardens, Brighton. University College, London, W.C. *Usherwood, Rev. T. Edward, Uffington Parsonage, Shrewsbury. *Uttoxeter Library, (care of James Potter, Esq., Hon. Sec). *Vernon, George V., Esq., Old Trafiford, Manchester. ViGFUssoN, Gu^brandr, 4, Clifton Villas, Cowley Road, Oxford. VizAED, John, Esq., Dursley, Gloucestershire. Wakefield Book Society. „ Mechanics' Institution. Wales, George W., Esq., Boston, U.S. 22 Ward, Professor A. W., Owen's College, Manchester. *Ward, Harry, Esq., British Museum, W.C. Warwick, John, Esq., 39, Bernard Street, Eussell Square, W.C. Watson, Frederick Elwin, Esq., Thickthorn House, Cringleford, Norwich. * Watson, Robert Spence, Esq., Moss Croft, Gateshead-on Tyne. *Watts, Thos,, Esq., British Museum, W.C. (2 sets and 1 Extra Series). Wayte, Rev. W., Eton College, Windsor. Webster, S. M., Esq., 33, Bridge Street, Warrington. Wedgwood, Hensleigh, Esq., 1, Cumberland Place, Regent's Park. Went, James, Esq., Southlea, Malvern. Wetmouth, R. F., Esq., Portland Grammar School, Plymouth. *Whalley, J. E., Esq., 14, Marsden Street, Brown Street, Manchester. Wheatlet, Henry B., Esq., 53, Berners Street, W., Hon. Sec. Wheeler, D. H., Esq., 17, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C. *Whitaker, J., Esq., 10, Warwick Square. *White, George H., Esq., 8, Bishopsgate Street Within, E.C. *White, Robert, Esq., 11, Claremont Place, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Whitney, Henry Austin, Esq., Boston, Massachusetts. Whittard, Rev. T. Middlemore, The College, Cheltenham. Wilbraham, Henry, Esq., Chancery Office, Cross Street Chambers, Manchester. Wilkinson, Dr. Alexander E., 10, Lever Street, Piccadilly, Manchester. WiLKS, Rev. T. C, Woking Parsonage, Woking Station. Williams, Sydney, Esq., 14, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C. (4 sets.) ♦Williamson, Rev. William, Fairstowe, Bath. Wilson, Edmund, Esq., Red Hall, Leeds. *Wilson, Edward J., Esq., 6, Whitefriars Gate, Hull. Wilson, Lestock P., Esq., 37, Wigmore Street, W. Wilson, Richard M., Esq., Fountain Street, Manchester. *WiLSON, Thomas, Esq., 2, Hillary Place, Leeds. WiMPERis, Joseph, Esq., 37. Ethelburga House, 70, Bishopsgate Street, E.C- WiNSTONE, Benjamin, Esq., 100, Shoe Lane, E.G. *Winterbottom, Daniel, Esq., 35, Caledonian Road, Leeds. WiNwooD, Rev. H. H. 4, Cavendish Crescent, Bath. *Wood, Rev. J. S., St. John's College, Cambridge. Woodlet, Frank, Esq., Middleton Park, Queenstown, Ireland. Woodman, W., Esq., Stobhill, Morpeth. Woollcombe, Rev. W. Walker, St. Andrew's Parsonage, Ardwick, Man- chester. *Wren, Walter, Esq., Wiltshire House, Brixton, S. *Wright, W. Aldis, Esq., Trinity College, Cambridge. Wright, Thomas, Esq., 14, Sydney Street, Brompton, S.W. Young, Alexander, Esq., 138, Hope Street, Glasgow. 23 SUBSCRIBERS TO THE EXTRA SERIES ALONE. Bain, T. G., Esq., i, Haymarket. HopwooD, G. B. Esq., 19, Trinity Street, Cambridge (Large Paper). Hunt, W. P., Esq., Ipswich. s v g p ; Thring, Rev. E., Head Master, Uppingham Grammar School. TuLK, John A., Esq., care of Mr. Bain, i, Haymarket. SUBSCRIBERS TO THE REPRINT. For 1864 and 1865. Armstrong, H. C., Esq. COLBORNE, W. H., M.D. Constable, A., Esq, Davies, W. Carey, Esq. Davis, Henry, Esq. Drake, W. H., Esq. Fogg, D. F. Laurie, Esq. Freeman, D. A., Esq. Harben, Henry A., Esq. Howard, Henry, Esq. Hyde, J. J., Esq. Jenkins, James, M.D. Martineau, Russell, Esq. Monro, J., Esq. Muntz, G. H. M., Esq. Peck Library, Norwich County, U.S. PococK, C. L, Esq. Roberts, Mr. R. Scribner, Messrs., New York. Simmons, Rev. T. F. Snelgrove, a. G., Esq. Stevens, Messrs. , Brothers. University College, London. Welford, Charles, Esq. For 1864, 1865, j self thow moste be chast, 24 And say ])j serues wyj^owten hast, That mowthe & herte acorden I' fere, ^ef thow wole that god ]>e here. Of honde & mow)'e )jou moste be trewe, 28 And grete ojjes thow moste enchewe,^ {sic) In worde and dede ]7ou moste be mylde, Bothe to men and to chylde. Dronkelec* and glotonye, 32 Pruyde and slouj^e and enuye, Alle J70W moste putten a-way, ^ef ]70w wolt Berne god to pay. That ]>e nedeth, ete and drynke, 36 But sle ]>j lust for any thyng^. Tauernef also thow moste for-sake. And marchauwdyse J^ow schalt not make, Wrastelyng^?, & schotyng^, & suche man^r game, 40 Thow myjte not vse wythowte blame. Hawkyngej wole for-done. Marketes and feyres I the for-bede, But hyt be for the more nede, In honeste clothes'' thow moste gon, 48 Baselard ny bawdryke were fow non. Bei'de & crowne thow moste be schaue, Jef thow wole thy ordere saue. Of mete and drynke J^ow moste be fre, 52 To pore and ryche by thy degre. Jerne' thow moste thy sawtere rede, Ana of the day of dome haue drede ; And euere do gode a-jeynes euele, 56 Or elles thow myjte not lyue wele. ffirst. 2 in. * Hawkes, houndes. •^ eschewe. « clothing. * Dronkelew( Besely. WHAT A PRIEST MUST TEACH. Wyw^mones sprues ^ thow moste forsake, Of euele fame leste they the make, For wy/«menes speche that ben schrewes, 60 Turne ofte a-way gode thewes. From nyse iapes'^ and rybawdye, Thow moste turne a-way ]>jn ye ; Tuynde^ J^yn ye J^at thow ne se 64 The* cursede worldes vanyte. Thus thys worlde J^ow moste despyse, And holy vertues haue in vyse, ^ef thow do ]7us thow schalt be dere 68 To alle men that sen and here. Priests should be- ware of -women, and especially of shrews, and avoid japes and ribaldry, that they may despise the world and follow after ^^rtue. T Qw'd 8f quomodo 2^redicare debet parochianos suos. Ihus thow moste also preche, And thy paresche jerne teche ; Whenne on hath done a synne, 72 Loke he lye not longe there ynne, But a-non that he hym schryue, Be hyt^ husbande be hyt® wyue, Leste he forget by lentenes day,' 76 And cute of mynde hyt go away. Wymmen that ben wyth chy[l]de also, Thow moste hem teche how J^ey schule do. Whewne here tyme ys neghe y-come, 80 Bydde hem do thus alle & some. Theche hem to come & schryue hem clene, And also hosele hem bothe at ene, For drede of perele that may be-falle, 84 In here trauelynge that come schalle. To folowe the chylde jef hyt be nede, ^ef heo se hyt be in drede ; And teche the mydewyf neuer the latere, 88 That heo haue redy clene watere, felaship. gaudees « she. 3 Turne. ■^ ester day. Tliis. s he. What a priest must teach his flock. Shriving. Women with child to go to con- fession, [Fol. 128.] and receive holy communion. OF BAPTISM, AND OF The child to be baptised if but half born. The midwife to rip up the mother to save the child's life. If the midwife's heart fail her she is to call in a man to help her, for if the child is lost through her fault she may weep for it ever- more. The water and vesselusodin bap- tism to be burnt or cast into the church font. Baptism not to be administered twice. [Fol. 128 back.] Thenne bydde hyre spare for no schame, To folowe the chylde there at hame, And tliagli^; ]>e cliylde bote half be bore, 92 Hed and necke and no more, Bydde hyre spare newer j^e later To crystene hyt and caste on water ; And but scho mowe se J^e hed, 96 Loke scho folowe hyt for no red ; And jef the wo»?mon thenne dye, Teche the mydwyf that scho hye For to vndo hyre wyth a knyf, 100 And for to saue the chyldes lyf And hye that hyt crystened be, For that ys a dede of chary te. And jef hyre herte ther-to grj^lle, 104 Kather ]>emie the chylde scholde spy lie, Teche hyre thenne to calle a mon That in that nede helpe hyre con. For jef the chylde be so y-lore, 108 Scho may that wepen ener more. Bote jef the chylde y-bore be, And in perele thow hyt se, Ryght as he byd hyre done, 112 Caste on water and folowe hyt sone. A-noJ^ere way J^ow myght do jet. In a vessel to crystone hyt, And when scho hath do ryjt so, 116 Watere and vessel brenne hem bo, Othere brynge hyt to J^e chyrche a-non. And caste hyt in the font ston,^ But folowe thow not ]>e chylde twye, 120 Lest afterwarde hyt do the nuye. Teche hem alle to be war and snel That they conn^ sey ]>e wordes wel. These two lines arc not in Douce MS. 103. THE DUTIES OF GODPARENTS. And say the wordes alle on rowe 1 24 As a-non I wole jow schowe ; Say ryjt thus and no more, For nou others wy w»menes ' lore ; ^ I folowe the or elles'^ I crystene j^e, in the nome of 128 the fader & jie sone and the holy gost. Amen.2 Or elles thus,^ Ego baptijo te. N. In nowiwe p^^ris & filij & s-pintus sancti Amen. Englysch or latyn, whether me seyj?, 132 Hyt suffyseth to the feyth So that ]>e wordes be seyde on rowe, Ryjt as be-fore I dyde jow schowe ; ^ And jef ]>e cas be-falle so, 136 Jpat men & wy>«men be fer hyre fro, Then may the fader wyj^oute blame Crysten the chylde and jeue hyt name ; So may the moder in suche a drede 140 ^ef scho se that hyt be nede. ^et thow moste teche hem more, That alle ]>e chyldren ]>at ben I-bore Byfore aster and whyssone tyde, 1 44 Eghte dayes they schullen a-byde. That at the font halowynge They mowe take here folowyng^-, Sane tho that mowe not a-byde 148 For peryle of deth to that tyde. A-nother tyme gyf hem folghthe As the fader & ]>e moder woIJjc* Godfader and godmoder ]>oxi moste p/^che 152 pat ]>ej here godchyldere to gode teche, Here pater noster and here crede Techen hem they mote nede. By hem also they schule not slope 156 Tyl "pej con hem self wel kepe. The form of bap ■ tisni may be said in English or Latin. The parents may christen the child if no one else be nigh. Children to bo christened at Easter and Whit- suntide only, ex- cept of necessity. God - parents to teach their god- children pater noster, ave, and creed. and not to sleep with them while very young. ■kynnes. Not ill Douce 103. ^ myghtest knowc. fojte. OF CONFIRMATION, ESPOUSALS, Confirmation. [Fol. 129.] God-parents not to hold their god- children at con- firmation. Relatives in blood by marriage or spiritually not to intermarry. Who are cousins by baptism . Espousals. Also wyth-yiine the fyfjje jere Do J^at they I-bysbede were ; For the j^at bydeth ouer more, 160 The fader & J^e moder mote rewe hyt sore ; Out of chyrche schule be put Tyl ]>e byschope haue bysbede hyt. And jet moste thow teche hem more, 1 64 That godfader and godmoder be war be-fore, ^ That they J^at ben at the folowyng& ^reste, 1 76 And the chyldes fader & moder, ]>e godfader & hys Wyf knowe be-fore folghthe, ]>e godfader chylderen, the chyldes moder and hys godfader, &c. ^ The same cosynage in alle thynge, 1 80 Is in the chyldes confermyng^. The chylde Jjat ys confermet, ^ ]>e byschop, ])g byschopes chylderen, J»e byschop and \>e chyldes fader and hys moder, the godfader and hys wyf, 184 the chyldes fader and hys godfader, the chyldes moder and hys godmoder, hese schule neuer on wedde oj^er. But cosynes both as suster & broj^er. 188 ^et teche hem a-nother thynge, That ys a poynt of weddynge ; He that wole chese hym a fere. And seyth to hyrc on thys manere, ' bisshopin;?. - Not in Doiico 103. T' MARRIAGE, AND LECHERY. 192 " Here I take the to my wedded wyf, And there-to I plyghte ]>e my trow]7e "Wyth-owten cowpulle or flesclily dede," He }7at ■wow^mon mote wedde nede ; 196 For j^aglie he or ho a-nother take, That word wole deuors^ make. Loke also ]7ey make non odde^ weddynge Lest alle hen cursed in that doynge. 200 Preste & clerke and other also, That thylke semes huydeth so, But do ryjt as seyn the lawes, Aske the banns thre halydawes. 204 Then lete hem come and wytnes brynge To stonde by at here weddynge ; So openlyche at the chyrche dore Lete hem eyther wedde othere. 208 Of lechery telle hem ryght j^ys That dedly synne for sothe hyt ys ; On what skynnes maner so hyt be wrojt, Dedly synne hyt ys forths broght, 212 Saue in here wedhod^ That ys feyre to-fore god. Thaj mon & wo?«mon be sengul boj^e, As dedly synne they schulen hyt lo)?e. 216 Also thys mote ben hem sayde, BoJ'e for knaue chyldere & for mayde, That whenne ]>ej passe seuen jere, They schule no lengere lygge I-fere, 220 Leste they by-twynne hem brede The lykynge of that fowle dede. Also wryten wel I fynde, That of synne ajeynes kynde 224 Thow schalt thy paresch no j^ynge teche, Ny of that synne no thynge preche ; Form of mar- riage. Irregular mar- riages are cursed . Banns to be asked. [Fol. 129 back.] Lechery a deadly save in wedlock. Children not to Fleep together after seven years of age. 1 a dome. houd. 3 wededhod. OF THE REAL PRESENCE. Adultery great sin, which a man must confess to his shrift-father. Communion to be received. [Fol. 130.; The real presence to be believed in. It is but wine and water that is given to the people after com- munion. Directions for re- celving commu- nion. Wine and water to be drunk after the host is eaten. But say ]7us by gode a-vys, pat to gret sjnne forso)je hyt ys, 228 For any mon ]>at bereth lyf To forsake hys wedded wyf And do hys kynde other way, pat ys gret synne wyj'owte nay ; 232 But how and where he doth ]>at synne, To hys schryfFader^ he mote ]>at mynne. Also thow moste thy god pay, Teche thy paresch ]jus & say, 236 AUe that ben of warde^ & elde pat cuwnen hem self kepe & welde, They schulen alle to chyrche come, And ben I-schryue aUe & some, 240 And be I-hoseled wyth-owte here On aster day alle I-fere : In |?at day by costome Je schule be hoselet alle & some. 244 Teche hem J7enne wyth gode entent, To be-leue on that sacrament ; That ]>ej receyue in forme of bred, Hyt ys goddes body fat soffered ded 248 Vp on the holy rode tre To bye owre synnes & make vs fre. Teche hem J^enne, neuer ]>e later, pat in )7e chalys ys but wyn & water 252 That ]>ej receyueth for to drynke After that holy hoselynge ; Therfore wame hem ]70w schal That ]>ej ne chewe fat ost to smal, 256 Leste to smale j^ey done hyt broke, And in here teth hyt do steke ; There fore J^ey schule wyth water & wyn Clause here mow)? that nojt leue fcr In ; confossour. wytte. OF BEHAVIOUR IN CHURCH. 360 But teche hem alle to leue sadde, pat hyt ]7at ys in ]>e awter made, Hyt ys verre goddes blode That he schedde on j^e rode. 264 ^et )>ow moste teche hem mare pat whe?me J^ey doth to chyrche fare, penne bydde hem leue here mony wordes, Here ydel speche, and nyce hordes, 268 And put a-way alle vanyte, And say here pat^r noster & here aue.^ No non in chyrche stonde schal, Ny lene to pyler ny to wal, 272 But fayre on kneus jiej schule hem sette, Knelyng^ douw vp on the flette, And pray to god wyth herte meke To jeue hem grace and mercj eke. 276 Soffere hem to make no here, But ay to be in here prayere, And whenne j^e gospeUi? I-red be schalle, Teche hem ]>emie to stonde vp alle, 280 And blesse^ feyre as ];ey conne Whenne gloria tibi ys by-gonne, And whenne J^e gospel ys I-done, Teche hem eft to knele downe sone ; 284 And whenne they here the belle rynge To that holy sakerynge, Teche hem knele downe boj^e jonge & olde, And bojje here hondes vp to holde, 288 And say );enne in Jjys manere Feyre and softely wyth owte here, '^Thesu, lord, welcome ]>o-w be, JL In forme of bred as I j^e se ; 292 Ihesu ! for thy holy name, Schelde me to day fro synne & schame ; The consecrated wine is God's blood that was shed on the rood. How to behave in church. Men should there put away all vanity and say the pater noster and ave. Not to loll about, but to kneel on the floor. When the Gospel is read all people are to stand up. [Fol. 130 back.] They are to kneel when they hear the bell ring at the consecration. A Prayer. crede. - add hem. 10 THE BENEFITS OF SEEING THE HOST. All men are to kneel when they see a priest bear- ing the host. The benefits re- ceived by seeing the host, accord- ing to St. gustinus. Au- The recipient on that day shall not lack food, shall be forgiven idle words and oaths, shall not [Fol. 131.] fall by sudden death, nor be- come blind. Schryfte & howsele, lord, ]>on gr^unte me bo, Er that I schale hennes go, 296 And verre contrycyone of my synne, That I lord neuer dye there-Inne ; And as jjow were of a may I-bore, Sofere me neuer to be for-lore, 300 But whenne fat I schale hennes wende, Grawnte me J^e blysse wyth-owten ende. AMEN. Teche hem J^us ojer sum oj^ere }jnge, To say at the holy sakerynge. 304 Teche hem also, I the pray, That whenne ]>ej walken in J^e way And sene J^e preste a-gayn hem comynge, Goddes body wyth hym berynge, 308 Thenne wyth grete deuocyone, Teche hem J'ere to knele a-downe ; Fayre ne fowle, spare J^ey noghte To worschype hym ]>at alb hath wroghte ; 31 2 For glad may }a,t mon be pat ones in jre day may hym so ; For so mykyle gode do]; J7at syjt, (As seynt austyn techeth a ryjt,) 316 pat day ]>at ]>ow syst goddes body, pese benefyces schalt Jjou haue sycurly ;' Mete & drynke at thy nedo, Non schal ]>e ]!at day be gnede ;'^ 320 Idele othes and wordes also God for-jeuef the bo ; Soden deth that ylke day, The dar not drede wyj^owte nay ; 324 Also ]7at^ day I the plyjte pow schalt not lese l^yn ye syjte ; And cuery fote j>at ]>ovl gost J^enne, pat holy syjt for to sene, ' Douce 103 gives this line thus : ■^ grcdc. ' Thou shalt baue Jies sikerly." 3 thilk. TITHES TO BE PAID. 11 328 pej schule be tolde to stonde in stedc Whenne thow hast to hem nede. Also wyth-ynne chyrche & seyntwary^ Do ryjt thus as I the say, 332 Songe and cry* and suche fare, For to stynte Jjow schalt not spare ; Castyngi? of axtre & eke of ston, Sofere hem j^ere to vse non ; 336 Bal and bares and suche play, Out of chyrche jorde put a- way ; Courte holdyngiJ and suche maner chost, Out of seyntwary' put J^ow most ; 340 For cryst hym self techeth vs pat holy chyrche ys hys hows, pat ys made for no j^ynge elles* But for to pmye In, as ]>e boke telles ;^ 344 pere Jie pepulle schale geder wetA Inne To pr«yen and to wepen for here synne. Teche hem also welle and greythe How ]>ej schule paye here teythe : 348 Of alle ]>jTige that doth hem newe, They schule teythe welb & trewe, After ]>e costome of j^at cuntraye Euery mon hys teythynge ^ schale paye 352 Bothe of smale and of grete, Of schep and swyn & oj^er nete. Teyj^e of huyre and of honde, Goth by costome of ]ie londe. 356 I holde hyt but an ydul ]>jnge To speke myche of teythyng^, Games not to be played in church or churchyard. Courts not to held there. The chuich God's house. Tji,hes to be duly paid, of small things and great, sheep, swine, and other live cattle. It is useless to speak much of tithing, even ig- norant priests understand that. ' chirch hay. - There is a note in Douce 103,/. 126 J, in a hand a few years later than the text : — " Da«seyng, cotteyng, bollyng, tenessy«g, hand ball, fott ball, stoil ball & all manne/- other games out chercZsyard. I ye pra & reyng J'fft lent no be ther As it were in merket or fair." 5 churchyerd. * mojt elles. ^ bookes, ^ Eche one teythe. 12 WITCHCRAFT AND USURY. Witchcraft for- bidden. [Fol. 131 back.] Usury forbidden. Men not to sell at too high a, price. Husbands and wivesnottomake vows of chastity, penance, or pil- grimage without the consent of each other. For ]>a,j a preste be but a fonne/ Aske hys tej]>jnge -welle he conne. 360 Wycliecrafte and telynge, Forbede ]>ou hem for any ]>jnge ; For who so be-leueth in ]>e fay Mote be-leue thus by any way, 364 That hyt ys a slegh>e of >e deP fat make]; a body to cache el.* penne syche be-leue he gart hem haue, fat wychecrafte schale hem saue, 368 So wyth chames^ & wyth tele, He ys I-brojte ajeyn to hele. pus wyth }e fende he ys I-blende, And hys by-leue ys I-schende. 372 Vsure and okere J^at beth al on, Teche hem )>at }»ey vse non ; That ys a synne fulk greuus By-fore owre lord swete Ihesus. 376 Grod taketh myche on gref To selle a mon in hys myschef Any J'ynge to hye prys. For welle he wot ]>at oker hyt ys, 380 And lene .xij d. to haue .xiij. For ]?at [is] vsure wyj^owte wene. Teche hem also to lete one, To selle ]>e derrer for ^e lone. 384 To pr^che hem also ]io\x myjt not wondc, — Bothe to wyf and eke husbonde, — fat now]>er of hem no penauwce take, Ny non a vow to chastite make, 388 Ny no pylgrimage take to do But jef bo]7e assente J^er to. These J^re poyntes veremeut Nowjjer schale do but boj^e assent, fon. 2 ton. 3 Or "de[ue]l." < Or "e[uc]l.' * charmes : chames in the text is probably a scribal error. THE "our father AND "HATL MARY. 13 392 Saue j>e vow^ to Iherusalem, pat ys lawful to e]>er of hem. penne schale j^e husbonde als blyue- Teche & -greche so hys wyue, 396 That heo a-vow no mane/' J'ynge But hyt be at hys wytynge ; For ]?aj heo do, hyt may not stonde But heo haue grawnte of hyre husbonde ; 400 And jef ]>e husbonde assente J^er to, penne nedely hyt mote be do ; No more schale he verement But hys wyf ]>erto assent. 404 The pater noster and j^e crede, Preche j^y paresche J^ou moste nede ; Twyes or J^ryes in j^e ^ere To J7y paresch hole and fere, 408 Teche hem f us, and byd hem say Wy]? gode entent enerj day, ^^TjlAder owre J^at art in heuene, -L Halowed be J^y name with meke steuene, 412 py kyngdom be for to come In vs synfulle alle and some ; py "wylle be do in erj^e here As hyt ys in heuene clere ; 416 Owre vche dayes bred, we ]>e pray, pat J70W jeue vs ]>js same day ; And forgyue vs owre trespas As we done hem ]>at gult vs has ; 420 And lede vs in to no fondyng^, But schelde vs alle from euel ]>jnge. Amen." " TTAyl be j>ow mary fulle of grace ; J-L God ys wj} ]>e in enerj^ place ; 424 I-blessed be ])ow of alle wymraen, And J^e fruyt of j^y wombe Ihesusl^ Amen." Except the vow of a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Wives not to make vows un- known to their hushands. [Fol. 132.] Pater noster and creed to be taught. The ther. The"HailMary." to stynt stryfe. eche a. MS. Ihe. 14 I BELIEVE. The " I believe.' [Fol. 132 back.} ^^T be-leue in cure holy dryjt, -*- Fader of heuene god, almyjt^ 428 pat alle thjnge has wrojt, Heuene and erj^e & alle of nojt : On ihesn cryst I be-leue also, Hys only sone, and no mo, 432 pat was conceyued of J^e holy spyrytj And of a mayde I-bore quyt, And afterward vnder pouwce pylate Was I-take for vye and hate, 436 And soffrede peyne and passyone, And on ])e croys was I-done ; Ded and buryed he was also, And wente to helle to spoyle oure fo, 440 And ros to lyue the Jjryde day, And stegh to heuene \>e .xl. day,* ^et he schale come wyj? wouwdes rede To deme \>e quyke and j^e dede. 444 In ]>e holy gost I leue welle ; In holy chyrche and by re spelle. In goddes body I be-leue nowe, A-monge hys seyntes to ^eue me rowe ; 448 And of my synnes j^at I haue done. To haue plenere remyssyone, And when my body from deth schal lyse I leue to be wyth god and hyse, 452 And haue the ioye J'at lastej? ay ; God gmunte hym self ]>at I so may. The artykeles of the fey Teche ]>j paresch J'us, & sey ; 456 That seuene^ to dyuynyte, And .vij. to the humanyte. 1. Believe on Fa- Vt Yrimus. The fyrste artykcle ys hon wost ther. Son, and ' Holy Ghost. Leue on fader and sone & holy gost. The Articles of Faith. Amen. whan tyme he s;iy. ihl ivrteyucth. THE ARTICLES OF THE FAITH. ^ ijrw. The secouwde ys to leue ryjt 46 1 pat ye fader ys god al myjt. ^ iijus. The J^rydde ys, as );ow syst, For to leue on ihesu cryst ; 464 fat he ys goddes sone ryjt, And boj^e on gx)d & of on myjt. ^ iiij«5. The holy gost, persone Jrydde, Leueth also, I jow bydde, 468 That he ys god wyth o]>er two, And jet on god and no mo. Leste Jjys be hard jow to leue, By ensau«?pul I wole j^at preue : 472 Se ]>e ensauw^pul ]>at I pw schowe, Of water and ys and eke snowe ; Here beth l^re J^ynges, as je may se, And jet ]>e J^re alle water be. 476 Thus jie fader and j^e sone & jie holy gost Beth on god of myites most ; For J^agh J>ey be pei-sonws J>re, In on godhed knyt they be. ^ vus. These ]>re in on godhede 481 Wyth on assent and on rede, Alle ]>jnge made wyth on spelle, Heuene, and vrj^e, and eke helle. ^ vj. The sexjje artykele, jef je wole fynde, 485 Holy chyrche taketh in mynde That ]>oT^ ]>e i^J^^ of ]>e holy gost Is in vrthe of power most, 488 And as myjty, as I jow telle, Bo)?e of ]>e jates of heuene & heUe To tuynen and open at heyre byddynge Wythowte jeyn-stondynge of any ]>jnge. *^ viJMs. The seuen);e artykele, for so)>e hyt ys, 493 pat he schal ende in ioye & blys "When body and soule to-geder schal come, And the gode to ioye be I-nome, 2. The Father is God Almighty. 3. Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and one with him. 4. The Holy Ghost is God, and one with Fa- ther and Son. An illustration : water, ice, and snow are three and yet one. [Fol. 133.] Thus it is with tha Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. 5. Who have made with one assent heaven, earth, and hell. 6. Power of the Holy Ghost. 7. The Resurrec- tion. 16. THE SEVEN SACRAMENTS. 496 And the euel be put a-way In to the peyne that laste]; ay. 8. Jesus Christ at ihesxis tok In mayde mary, as seyth \q bok, _porj the holy gostes myjt pat in \ai holy vyrgyne lyjt. 9-.^ Who was a ^ ix«e artykele oure synne sleth, Crystes passyone and hys deth. u.Hewentdown fT xi'jw. The eleuente ys for to telle into Hell, in soul " *' -"^ *' and Godhead, 509 How he weute to spoyle helle, while his body ^ *' was in the tomb. jn goule and godhedc wyth-owte nay Whyle the body in towmbe lay. 12. He rose again. ^ xijws. The twelfjjo artykele make]? vs fayn, 513 For he ros to lyue a-gayn [Foi. 133 back.] The ]7rydde day in the morowe For to bete alle oure sorowe. into^erve'n on H xiijMs. The ]7retene)je artykele, as telle I may, Holy Thursday. 5^7 p^^ ^^^^^ j^^j^^ g^lf ^^ j^^jy jjuTsday Stegh in to heuene in flesch & blod, That dyede by forn^ on \q rod. agaS^a?Dom"- H xiiij?e way. 544 Hast jion wel vnderstonde my lore As I taghte the by-fore, How jfon schuldest wymmen lere pat wyth chylde grate were ? 548 But ]>js ys for )?yn owne prow pat I here teche the now. ^ef a chylde myscheueth at home, And ys I-folowed & has hys^ nome, 552 ^ef hyt to chyrche be brojt to J>e As hyt oweth for to be, Thenne moste ])ou slyly* Aske of hem fat were j^ere by, 556 How J7ey deden j^en in ]pat cas Whenne j^e chylde I-folowed was. And -whejier ]>e wordes were seyde a-ryjt. And not turnet in |7at hyjt ; Baptism. Children bap- tized at home to be brought to church. [Fol. 134.] The priest to ask those present at the baptism whether the words were said aright. nym. * full sotellv. 18 THE SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM, 560 ^ef }e wordes were seyde on rowe As lo here I do J^e schowe. The words of bap - Bad Latin spoils not the Sacra- ment, if the first syl- lable of each word be right. Holy oil to used. [Fol. 134 back.] If a person uses the matter and form of baptism in jest, it is not a sacrament un- less he intended it to be 80. Ista sunt uerha haptismi in domo. ^ I crystene j^e, or elles I folowe Je, N. In noma of f e fader and the sone, and the holy gost. Amen. 564 And j^agh pou jeue no name to hem, Ny nempne hem no maner name, I telle hyt for no blame, Hyt may be don al by thoght 568 Whenne hyt ys to chyrche I-broght, And ]7aj, me say, as ]7ey done vse Sory laten in here wyse, (As )7us) I folowe jje in no?>awa p«!^ria & filia spirit m« 572 sanctia. Amen. Of these wordes take J^ow non hede, pe folghj^e ys gode wythoute drede So \ai here entent & here wyt 576 Were forto folowe hyt ; Ay whyle j^ey holde j^e fyrste sylabul pe folghjje ys gode wythouten fabul (As jjus) Pa of patris. fi of filij. spi of spirittw s««c^i. Amen. 580 penne do j^e s^ruyse neuer \q later, Alb saue \q halowynge of \q water ; Creme & crysme and alb J-yng-? elles Do to J7e chylde as J^e bok telles ; 584 And jef \q chylde haue nome by-fore, Lete hyt stonde in goddes ore, And jef hyt haue not, lete name hyt J'are, ^ef hyt schule in greyj^e fare. 588 But what and on in hys bordes Caste on water and say J^e wordes, Is \ii chylde I-folowed or no ? By god I sa)^ nay for hem bo. 592 But jef hyt were hys fulb entent DRUNKEN PRIESTS NOT TO BAPTISE. 19 If the -words are said in wrong order the sacra- ment is nought. When the bap- tism has not been valid, the priest is to perform the holy rite over again, and say thus. To jeue ]?e chylde J^at sacmment, penne mote hyt stoade wyj^oute nay, (As j^us) And he J?erfore rewe hyt may. 596 ^ But jef cas falle thus, _pat he ]>e wordes sayde a-mys. Or ]?U3 In nomine filij & paMs & s^inttis sancti. Amen. Or any oj^er wey but J7ey set hem on rowe, 600 As ])e fader & }e sone & ]>c holy gost, In nomine -patris & filij & spin'tus sancti. Amen. ^ef hyt be o]>er weyes I- went, Alle ]7e folgh]7e ys clene I-schent ; 604 penne moste ]>on, to make hyt trewe, Say Jie serues alle a-newe, Blesse j^e water & halowe ]>e font, Eyght as hyt in bok stont ; 608 penne be J^e war in alle ]>jnge, Whenne J70U comest to ]>e plungyng(?, penne ]>ou moste say ryjt Jjus, Or elles ]>ou. dost alle a-mys, 612 % Si tu es baptimt?<5, ego te now rebaptijo. Ser? Form of condi '• I i J n 1 <■ ^ jj^jjgj baptism. si non es baptijatMs, ego te baptip. In nomine ipatris & filij & sp«V-?Y«s sancti. amen. pat oj^er serues say jjow myjt 616 On >y bok alle forth ryght ; pow moste do ])e same manere ^ef a chylde I-fownde were, And no mon cowj^e telle ^ere 620 Whofer hyt were folowed or hyt nere ; penne do to hyt in alle degre, As here before ]>on my^t se. But what & ]>ou so di-onken be 624 pat ]>j tonge wole not seme ])e, penne folowe ]70w not by no way But Ipoii mowe the wordes say. Luytel I-noghe for soj^e hyt ys, 628 Thaghe thow be bothe ^ar & wys, [Foi. 135.] A foundling is to be conditionally baptized. If a priest be so drunken that his tongue serves him not he must not baptize. THE SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM. Oil and creme to be always in Creme to be changed yearly. After Holy Thurs- day the oil to be changed. must be perfoi it ed by a bishop. No man of lower degree can per- form it. Thename givenin confirmation not to be changed. The bonds to be left about the necks of children The sacrament for to do, Thaghe ]>on be nener so abixl ]>er to ; How schulde j^enne a droken' mon 632 Do fat J^e sobere vnnej^e con ? And jef ]>ow wole ]>j worschype saue, Oyle & creme Jjow moste nede haue, Alway redy for ferde of drede, 636 To take ])er-to when ]>on hast nede, And for to eschewe Jie byschopws scheme, Yche jere ones chawnge j^y creme, And ]7at as sone as thow may, 640 A-non after schere J^ursday, Thow moste chawnge J^yn oyle also, pat J7ey mowe be newed bo, ^et wole I make relacyon^ 644 To jje of confyrmacyone pat in lewde^ mennes menynge Is I-called ]>e byspynge ; But for ]>ow hast ]>er of luytel to done, 648 per-fore I lete hyt passe ouer sone, For hyt ys J'e bisschopes ofyce, I wot ]>e charge ys alle^ hyse, But jet I wole seche jeme 652 Sumwhat ]>er of to make j^e lerne. J? at sacrament mote nede be don«, Of a bysschope nede as ston, per nys no mon of lower degre, 656 pat may ]>at do but onlyche he. He confermeth & maketh sad. pat at ]>e preste be-forn hath mad, "Wherfore ]>e nome ]>at ys ]>enne I-spoko 660 Moste stonde ferme as hyt were loke,* But ofte sy]?es ])ou hast I-sen Whenne ]>e chyldi'e confermed ben dronken. by finglisslie. THE FORM OF EXCOMMUMICATION. 21 Sondes a-bowte here neckes he lafte, 664 J7at from hem schule not be rafte, Tyl at chyrche fe cghj^e' day, pe -presie hym self take hem a-way. fenne schale he wyth hys owne hondes 668 Brenne J^at ylke same bondes, And wassche j>e chylde oner ]>e font pere he was anoynted in ]^e front. And J^agh a chylde confermet nere, 672 So jjat he folowed by fore were, To dyspuyte j>er of hyt ys no nede, He schale be saf wythowte drede. who have been confirmed until the eighth day. [Fol. 135 back.] The chiia to be washed over the front on the eighth day. The whole of this Sekvice fok Excommunication is supplied FEOM Douce MS. 103. Magna sententia pronuncienda. The gret sentence I write her^, 676 That twies or thries in the yere Thou shalt 'pronounce, without lette, Whan thi pat cowsenten thieves, and re- thereto : also all comou and opon theves, robbers, that ceivers of stolen goods; agen the pes of the king robben and reven & slen and 700 take away'^ eny mawnys goode, and all her recepetoures all heretics, and cowsontoures, also all heretikes J^at don welyngly agen the lawe of holy chirche, and the feith of cristen dom, in worde or dede or counsaile, or in ensaumple, usurers, 704 and all that^ okereres & vsureres that by cause of and such as lend wynnyng lene her catall to her eine cristen tyl a certen out cattle in the . . . . hope of getting a dav for a mor pris ten hit mi?t haue be sold in tyme higher price at ' ' pay-day than of lone ; also all bat diffame man or woman wherfor they could at ■" loan-time; 708 her statc and her lose is peyred, for enxy or for hate ; blTuf^n^d^ df*! ^^^° ^^ y^^ falsen the popes lettres or billes or scales ; mone ^ •''''^ "^'^^'^ also all J^at falsen ]>e kinges money or clippen it, also users of false all j^at falson or vse false measures, busshelles, galones, measures and _,„ „ , ,, , ,- ■-, „ , . , . , weights; 712 & potelles quartes [cuppes*J or false wightes, poundes or poundrelles, or false ellen yerdes, wetyngly o]>er J7an }e lawe of ]>e lond woll ; also all fat ordeyneth or such as bear false bereth false wituesse agen matrimony laufully made witness agamst matrimony or 716 or agou tcstamcnt that is true, by custom wetynglv; testaments; ° ' •' j o „ j all traitors and also all bat distroublcth be pes of Englond, and traitors disturbers of the . peace ; that ben false or Isentmg to falsenes, agen pe king or stealers of holy the reamc ; also all ]>o that bereth awey holy thing thiiiijs and do- ■,■,■,• e< n. ii stroyers of the 720 outc of wl holy placo or vuholy bmg iro* an holy church's goods; i n t place ; also all pat distroyen corne or eny ofer Irutes that fallen to god or holy chirch in toune or in felde, with bestes or with hondes wetyngly; also all that or"saSs!^o?724 hclpeu with strength, or with vitayles, or soccouren 1 proctoures. Douce 60. ^ ruyflen. Douce 60. ^ jf^j, j^ Douce 60. * Added in Douce 60. * s/c, qy. error for '* into." THE SENTENCE OF EXCOMMUNICATION. 23 lewes or Sarjons agen cristenclom ; also all tat sleen destroy children, •* born or unborn, childeren, or distroyen boren or vnborn, with drynkes with drinks or witchcraft ; or with wichcraft, & all her consentes; also all J?at 728 stondeth or herkeneth by nyjt^s vnder wolles, dores or all eavesdroppers, house-breakers, wyndowes, for to spy touching euH, and all house and man-quei- brekeres & man quellers; also all j^at comeneth with a cwrsed men or woman wetyngly ; also all bat meyn- all such as com- •^ ^ -^ ' X J ^^jjg -wittingly 732 teyn hem in her syn ; also all bat maken false charters with accursed •' J ' / persons; or false eyres wityngly [also all j^at maken expimentes or wichecrafte or charmes with oynementes of holy aii makers of ex- periments, chirch, and all bat leben on hem ; also all bat drawen witches, and ■* ' chai-mers ; 736 or with holden any teything^s for wrath of eny man or falsely tjchenM also all that layen bond on prest or aii that hold back , . -■ . ,.1 tithes or strike clerk m violence or harme but hit mn self defendant priests ; [or eny man in chirch or chirch yarde^] also all J^o 740 that with drawen or with holden eny ^, thine-^s • ^^^^ all \at defoulen Seyntwary wherfor >e [holy^]' office ^^^^^j^l^lJ^ ''^ is withdrawe or church or churchyerd/ most be newe hallowed, but they come to amendment ; also all false 744 executores ]>ai maken false testamentes and despose the false executors ; goodes of him ];at is dede o\er wise than his will was at his departyng [or lette his bicquest to chirch or to eny ober place ; also al bat leyen her childereu at eny and all that ex- 748 wey letes or at eny chirch dores or at eny other comyn dren. weyes and leveth hem.^] Isto modo prommciari debet sentencia. The sentence. By the SiMcihorite of the fFather and of the son and of the holy goost and of our lady Seynt Mary goddes 752 moder, of heuene, and all o)jer virgines and Seynt mighele and all oj^er apostles and Seynt Steven and all o\er martires, and Seynt Nicholas and all o\er confessoures & of all the holy hallowen of heuen ; "We 756 accursen and warren and depffrten from all gode dedes we, curse all 1 Douce 60. « Douce 60. ^ Douce 60. * churchay, Douce 60. * Douce 60. 24 THE SENTENCE OF EXCOMMUNICATION. ■who have com- mitted the above, said crimes. We pray the Fa- ther, Son, and Holy Ghost, and all saints, to curse them. May they have no part in the church's prayers, but niav Hell be their meed, with Judas that betrayed our Lord. Then the candle is to be thrown down, and the priest is to spit on the ground. The bells to ring. Other causes for excommunica- tion may be seen in the great charter and the charter of ths forest. and preres of holy chirch, and of all j^es halowen, and da?wpne into fe peyn of hell all ]!Ose \at haue don ]?es articles ^ai we haue seid bifore, till Jiey come to 760 amendment; We accursen hem by the auc^Aon'te of the courte of Rome, within and withoute, sleping or waking, going & sytting, stonding and riding, lying aboue erthe and vnder erthe, spekyng and crying and 764 drynkyng ; in wode, in water, in felde, in towns : acorsen hem fader and son and holy goost : accursen hem angeles and archangeles and all J^e ix orders of heven ; accursen hem pa^iarkes p/-ophetes and apostles 768 and all godes disapules and all holy Innocentes, mar- tieres, co^ifessoures & virgines, monkes, canons, here- mytes, prestes and clerkes J^at j^ey haue no part of masse ne matenes ne of none oj^er gode praiers, that 772 ben do in holy chirch ne in none o^er places, but that \q peynes of hell be her mede with ludas J)at betrayed oure lorde Vnesu Crist ; and ]>q life of hem be put oute of the boke of lyfe tyll they come to amendment & 776 satisfaction made, fiat fiat. Amen. Than )70u thi candell shalt cast to grounde And spet therto \q same stound And lete also J^e belles knylle 780 To make her hortes the mor grylle 0}er poyntes ben many and fell pat beth not well fore to hole pat Jjou myjt knowe thi self best 784 In the charter of fforest In jje gret charter also Thou myjt se many mo. Confession and penance. 788 De modo andiendi confcssionem. NOw y praye j^e take gode hede, For jjys ]>ou moste conne nede, Of schryfte & penauwce I wole j^e telle, And a whyle j>ere In dwells ; CONFESSION AND PENANCE. 25 But myche more ]>ou moste wyten, 792 penne ]>ou fyndest here I-wi-yten, And whenne jie faylej? ]>er to wyt, Pray to god to sende ^e hyt, For ofte }ou moste penauwce jen 796 BoJ'e to men and to wywmen, Ojjer weyes j^en wole ]>e lawe Leste they token hyt to harde on awe, Hyt were fulle harde j^at penau^^ce to do 800 That ]ie lawes ordeyneth to, Therfore by gode dyscrecyone, ]pow moste in confessyoni?, loyne penaunce bothe harde & lyjte, 804 As J70U here aftere lerne myjte. But sykerly penau?ice wyj^owte schryfte ^ Helpejj luytel ]^e sowle J^ryfte ; perfore of schryfte I wole J^e kenne 808 And to ioyne penauwce ]?enne, To here schryft ]>ou moste be fayn, And hye ]>erto wythowte layn. And fyrst when any mon I-schryue wole be, 812 Teche hym to kuele down(9 on hys kne, Fyrst jjow moste aske hym J^en, WheJ^er he be jiy paresschen, And jef he vnswere and say nay, 816 Theche hym home fayre hys way, But he schowe ]>e I-wryten, Where by j'ou myjt wel I-wyten, pat he hath leue of hys prest 820 To be I-schryue where hym lust, For these poyntes wyj^owte nay He may haue leue to go hys way, And schryue hym at a-nojjer prest 824 Where that hym beste lust,^ 1 These two lines not in Douce 103. * The foregoing five lines not in Douce 103. The shrift-father must know much more than is told here. He is to pray to God for wit. I^egal penances are very hard, and must be given discreetly. Penance without shrift helps little the soul. When a man goef> to confession he is to kneel, and the priest is to ask him if he be of his parish. [Fol. 136.] If he te not, the priest may not hear his shrift unless he had leave to come from his own parish priest. A man may leave his parish priest and go to confes- sion elsewhere for these reasons : — 26 CONFESSION AND PENANCE. If his parish priest be indis- creet ; if he knew that his confession -would be re- vealed ; if he had done a sin with any of the priest's near kindred, as mo- ther, sister, con- cubine, or daughter ; if he feared that his priest would draw him into sin; if he had made a vow of pilgrim- age; oriftbepriesthad lain with any of his parishioners. A priest may hear the confession of ascholar, a sailor, or a passenger ; and if he has cursed any one he must absolve He may also hear the shrift of a person about to go to battle ; [Fol. 136 back.] or of one near death, though he he not a pa- rishioner. Leste indyscrete hys ipresi were, Hys confessyon(? for to here, Or jef he knewe by redy token 828 pat hys schryfte he vvolde open, Or jef hym self had done a synne By j^e prijstes sybbe kynne, Moder, or suster, or hys lemmon, 832 Or by hys doghter jef he hade on, Or jef he stonde hym on awe, To dedly synne leste he hym drawe, Or jef he hade vndertake 836 Any pylgrymage for to make. Or jef hys prest as doctor^.? sayn By any of hys paresch haue layn. For j^ese he may leue take, 840 And to a-noj^er hys schryfte make, And werne hym leue hys prest ne may Lest hyt greue hym a-noj^er day. And ])aj he do for nojt hyt ys, 844 pe byschope wole jeue hy»i leue I-wys. Of scoler, of iiotterer, or of passyngere Here schryft lawfully ]>o\i myjt here ; And also in a-no]jer cas, 848 ^ef ]>o\i a mon a-corset has, He mote nede be soyled of ]>e, Whoso pareschen eu^'r he be ; And of mon l^at schal go fyjte 852 In a bateyl for hys ry^te, Hys schryft also jion myjte here. pa} he j>Y prttreschen neuer were ; And of a mon ];at detli ys negh. 856 Here hys schryft but j^en be slegh, Byd hym & o]>er also by fore, ^ef ]7at ]>ej to lyf keuere,' pat j^ey go for more socour ' kore. HOW TO HEAR CONFESSIONS. 27 860 To here owne curatour, And schryue hem newe to hym bo And take he penau?ice newe also. 5f Or jef any do a synne, 864 And ]>j paresch be wyth Inne, Of )7at synne a-soyle hym Jjenne, Jpaj he be not ]jy paresohenne, But jef ]>e synne be so strongs, 868 To ]7e byschope fat hyt longe, Or jef a mon be seruau?^t, In Jjy paresch by couenauwt, Or hath an ofyce or bayly, 872 pat he ledeth hys lyf by, And hys howseholde be elles where, Pareschen he ys J^enne Jjere, Or jef any hath trow]7e I-plyjt 876 "Wy]7-Inne j^y paresch to any wyjt, Ipemie Jjou myjt hem wedden I-fere, As hyt ys the court ■ manere. But to Jjyn owne pareschenne 880 Do ryjt ]7us as I ]>e kenne, Teche hym to knele downe on hys kne Pore oj^er ryche whej^er he be, pen oner J^yn yen puU^" j^yn hod, 884 And here hys schryfte wy)? mylde mod. But when a wo^wmon eometh to ]>e, Loke hyre face J^at ]>o\i ne se. But teche hyre to knele downe ]>e by, 888 And sum w^hat ]>j face from hyre ]>ovi wry, Stylle as ston j/er^ ]>ow sytte, And kepe j^e well^- ]>at ]>on ne spytte. Koghe J70w not Jienne fj ]7onkes, 892 I^y wrynge ]>ou not wyth ]>j schonkes, Lest heo suppose J^ow make J^at fare, For wlatynge j^at ]?ou herest J^are, 1 D 103, couthe. ^ j,eji. Penitents are to be bidden to go afterwards to theirown curates and shrive them anew. If any man sin in the parish, or have an office there, his con- fession may be heard. A person may be wedded who has plighted troth in the parish. The priest is to teach his own flock to kneel. He is then to pull his hood over his eyes. When a woman comes to confes- sion he is not to look on her face. but to sit still as a stone; nor to spit or cough. [Fol. 137.] 28 HOW A PENITENT IS TO BE EXAMINED. but to remain still as any maid. When she hesi- he is to encourage her to speak boldly, by saying he has perhaps sinned aa bad or worse. But syt fou. stylle as any mayde 896 Tyl J>at heo haue alle I-sayde, And when heo stynte}? & sey]? no more, ^ef j^ou syst heo nedeth lore penne spek to hyre on Jjys wyse, 900 And say, " take J^e gode a-vyse, And what maner ]>jnge ])on art gulty of, Telle me boldely & make no scof. Telle me ]>y synne I fe praye 904 And spare j^ow not by no waye, Wonde J^ow not for no schame Parauentwr I haue done l^e same, And fulhelt myche more, 908 ^ef Jjow knew alle my sore, WTierfore, soue, spare j^ow nojt, But telle me what ys in ]>j )70jt." And when he sey)? I con no more 912 Freyne hym ]7us & grope hys sore, " Sone or doghter now herken me For sum what I wole helpe ]>e" And when fow herest what J?ow hast do 916 Knowlache wel a-non j^er to. If the penitent does not know the pater, ave, and creed, he is to have such a penance set as will make him learn them. ^ Hie incipit inquisicio in confessione. Const J70W Jjy pater and J»yn aue And \j crede now telle ]70w me, Jef he seyth he con hyt not, 920 Take hys panawnce )?enne he mot. To suche penau«ce j^enne \o\i hym twrne, pat wole make hym hyt to lerne. He is to be ex- amined in the articles of the faith, and be aeked- ^ Qviod sufficit scire in lingua materna. ^ef he conne hyt in hys tonge, 924 To jeue hym penauwce hyt ys wronge, But of ]>e artykeles of J^e fey pus appose hym J^enne & sey, EXAMIMATION ON THE BELIEF. 29 "Be-leuest j^ow on fader & sone & holygost, 928 As ])on art holden wel jjow wost Thre persons in trynyte, And on god, vnsware ]>ow me, pat goddes sone monkynde toke, 932 In mayde mary as seyth j^e boke, And of ];at mayde was I-bore, Leuest Jjow j^ys ? telle me by fore, And on crystes passyone, 936 And on hys resurrexyone. And stegh vp in to heuen blys In flesch and blod be-leuest j^ow j^ya, And schal come w^tA wouwdes rede 940 To deme Jie quyke and ]?e dede, And we vch one as we ben here In body and sowle bothe I-fere, Schule ryse at J^e day of dome 944 And be redy at hys come, And take J^enne for oure doyng^, As we haue wrojt here lyuynge, Who so has do wel schale go to blysse, 948 Who so has do euel to peyne I-wysse, Be-leuest also verrely ' pat hyt ys goddes owne body, pat J^e prest jeueth the, 952 Whewne ]>o\x schalt I-hoseled be, Leuest also in fuUe a tent, How Jiat holy sacrament, Is I-jeue to mon kynne 956 In remyssyone of here synne ; Be-leuest also now telle me pat he "pat lyue]? in charyte Schale come to blysse sycurly, 960 And dwelle in seyntes cuwpany. Believest thou in Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ; [Fol. 137 back. In the Incarna- tion ; on Christ's Pas- sion and resur- rection ; and his coming to judge the quick and the dead. when the good shall go to Dliss and the bad to pain? Believest thou that it is God's own body which the priest gives at thehouseling? sadly. 30 EXAMINATION ON THE The Ten Com- mandments. 1. Hast thou wor- shipped any thing above God 1 Hast thou had dealing s with evil spirits, conjuring:, or witchcraft, or [Fol. 138.] sorcery, or doubt- ed any article of the faith ? II. Hast thou taken false oaths, or sworn lightly ? III. Hast thou kept the Holy- days, gone to church, avoided work and riotous company 1 Hec sunt .x. jn^ecepta dei. ■p*E ,x. cummawndementes of god almyjt, J I wole the aske a non ryght, And jef j^ou haue any I-borste, 964 Telle me a non J^ow moste. ^ Hast J70U worschypet any J'ynge More }en god oure heuene kynge ? Hast J70W lafte goddes name, 968 And called ]>e fend in any gmme ? Hast ]>ow any tyme I made coniurjnge, For Jjefte or for any o])ev ]>jiige ? Hast ]>ow made any wych crafte, 972 For any }jnge J^at jie was rafte ; Hast ])ow made any sorcery To gete wymmen to Ijge hem by ? Hast ]>ou had dowte, by any way, 976 In any poynt of the fey? ^ Seche j^yn herte trewly ore ^ef )>ow were any tyme forswore, At court or hundret or at schyre, 980 For loue or drede or any huyre. Hast ]>ou be wonet to swere als, By goddes bones or herte, fals, What by hys wou^jdes, nayles or tre, 984 Whewne J^ow myjtes haue lete be ? Hast ]>ovi be wonet to swere jerne For ]>jnge ))at dyde to nojt turne ? Hast ]70W any tyme J^y trowj^e I-plyjt, 988 And broken hyt a-gayn ])e ryjt? ^ Hast ]>ow holden J^yn halyday, And spend hyt wel to goddes pay ? Hast ]>ow I-gon to chyrche fayn 992 To serue god wj]> alle j^y mayn ? Hast Ipon any werke ]>at day I-wrojt, Or synned sore in dede or ]70jt ? TEN COMMANDMENTS. 31 Be-)>enke J^e wel sone, I rede 996 Of J?y synne and ]>y mysdede. For scliotyng<;, for wrastelyng^, & o]>er play, For goynge to ]>e ale on halyday, For syngynge, for roytynge, & syche fare, 1000 pat ofte J^e sowle doth myche care.^ pe halyday only ordeynet was, To here goddes sprues and J^e mas, And spene J^at day in holynes, 1004 And leue alle oj^er bysynes For a-pon ]>e werkeday, Men be so bysy in vche way, So that for here ocupacyone, 1008 pey leue myche of here deuocyone ; _p erf ore J^ey schule here halyday Spene only god to pay ; And jef J^ey do any oj^er J'yng^, 1012 pen seme god by here cu«nyng(?, pen J»ey breke]? goddes lay And holdeth not here halyday. ^ Hast ]7ow honowred by ])j wyt 1016 Fader and moder as god ]>e byt ; Hast J70U any tyme made hem wroth, In word or dede ]^at was hem loth ; Hast Jjou jeue hem at here nede 1020 Mete & drynke clo]? or wede; ^ef Jjey ben dede & gon here way. Hast Jjow made for hem to pray ; Hast Jjow done also honowre 1024 To hym j^at ys ]>j curatowre? Leue welle sone in gode lewte, I say not J^ys for loue of me, But for ]?ow owest to do honoMr 1028 To hym Jjat ys J^y curato«er to by f y mayn ; Hast ]>o\i cou?iceled or jeue mede 1032 To any mon to do ]7at dede ? Hast jiou. any mon wowndet in debate, Or had to bym any dedly hate ? ^ Hast Jiou jeue any mon of j^y mete, 1036 When he hade hongwr and nede to ete ? By euel esaumpulk J^ow myjt also, A-noJier monnes sowle slo ; perfore take hede on j>j lyuynge 1040 ^ef ]>ou haue trespaset in syche ]?ynge. ^ Hast fou in synne I-lad ]>j lyf, And put a-way J^yn owne wyf ; Hast ]>ou. I-do Jiat ylke synne 1044 To any of }j sybbe kynne ? Take also wel in mynde, ^ef ]>ou haue sched ]>yn owne kynde, Slepynge or wakynge nyjt or day 1048 In what maner j>ow moste say. ^ Hast ])ou. stolen any ]>jnge, Or ben at any robbyng(9 ; Hast ]>ou by maystry or by craft, 1052 Any mon hys good be-raft; Hast ]>on I-fouwde any J^yng* And helet hyt at askyng(? ; Hast Ipou vset mesures fals, 1056 Or wyghtes ]>at were als By ]>e more to bye & by \ie lasse to selle ? ^ef ]>ovL haue so done j7ow moste hyt telle ] Hast ])o\i borowet oght wel fayn, 1060 And not I-quyt hyt wel a-gayn Hast Jiou wyth-holden any teyjiynge, Or mys-l-teyj)ed by J»y wytyng*?. ^ Hast J»ow boren any wytnes 1064 A-gayn Je ryjt in falsnes. TEN COMMANDMENTS. 33 Hast ]70w lyet any lesynge, To greue any mon in any ]>jnge ? Hast ]>ou. geten wyth fals swore ^ 1068 Any ]>jnge lasse or more ? ^ Hast )'ou I-coueted wyj^ alle j^y myjt, pj neghbores good agayn ]>e ryjt ; Hows^ or catel, hors or mare, 1072 Or oght ])at he myjt euel spare? ^ Also ]>ou dost syngen ylle, pj neghbores wyf for to wylle, For ]7at god for-bede]? the. 1076 Jef ]>ou haue done, now telle }ou. me. pow myjte synge als sore in J'oght, As jron ]>at dede hadest I-wroght, ^ef ]7ow in Jiy ]?oght haue lykynge 1080 To do >at ylke fowle >ynge. pus ]70w myjte synge dedlyche ^ef ]7ow Jienke J^er-on myche, These ben j^e cummawndementes ten, 1081 pat god jaf to alio men. IX. Hast thou coveted thyneigh- bour's goods, his house, cattle, horse, or mare ? X. Thou sinnest ill if thouwishest for thy neigh- bour's wife. The desire to do evil is itself a sin. [Fol. 130 bacls.] ^ Be modo inqiiiremU de .vij. peccatis morfalibxis. Of dedly synnes now also, I wole ]>e aske now er jjow go. perfore sone spare ]70w noght, 1088 To telle how ]>ou hast hem wrojt. Of deadly sins. E ^ De siq)erbia. 'Ast ])on any tyme wytyngly, I -wrath]? ad ]>y god greuowsly ? Hast J'ow ben inobedyent 1092 A-gayn goddes cu/«mawwdement ? Hast ]>ou for pruyde I-set at noght Hym ]iat hath ])e gode I-taght ? Hast thou, know- ingly, made God angry ; for pride despised him who has taught thee good? * cowe. 34 Hast thou laid the blame of thine Ilast thou pre- tended to be holy to hide sin and pride? Hast thou passed otf others' good deeds as thine or oppressed thy neighbour to get honour ; or been proud of thy virtues, thy voice, thy wit, thy hair, thy body, or thy strength ; [Fol. 140] or that thou art trusted by lady or lord, or that thou comest of hit;h family 1 Hast ]>ou. any tyme bost I-mad, 1096 Of any good J7at ]>ou hast had Only of fyn owne wyt, When god hym self jaf J^e hyt ? Hast thow forsake Jjyn owne gult, 1100 And on a-noj^er ]>e blame I-pult? Hast ]>ovL feynet the holy By ypocryse and foly ? Hast }ou any tyme I-feynet }e 1104 Gode and holy on to se, In hope on tat maner to huyde Bo)7e ])j synne and ]>j prnyde ? Hast }'ow any tyme I -take on ]7e 1108 Any gode dede of chary te pat was a-no}er monnes doynge, And of jjyn no maner }jnge ? Hast Jiow ay oppresset j^y neghbowr 1112 For to gete ]7e honour ? Hast ])on I-schend hys gode fame For to gete ]>e a gode name ? Hast ]io\i also prowde I-be 1116 Of any vertu ]7at god jaf ]>e ? For Jjy voys was gode & hye. Or for ]7y wyt was gode & slye, Or for hys^ herws were cryspe & longe, 11 20 Or for J70W hast a renabulle^ tonge, [Or for thy body is fayr and long, Or for ]70u art white & strong,^] Or for ]>j flesch ys whyte and clene, 1124 Or any syche degre to say at ene ? Hast }on be prowde and eke of port For tryste of lady and eke of lord ? Hast ])ou be prowde of worschype or gode, 1 128 Or for )70w come of grete blode ? thy. resonable. 3 Not in Cotton. MS. OF PRIDE. 35 Hast jiou any tyme j>e prodder j^e mad, For any ofyce j^at J^ow hast had ? Hast J70W be prowde gostely ? 1 1 32 Telle me, sone, baldely. Of mekenes of pacyens or of pyte, Of pouf rt of largenes or of chastyte, And o]>er vertues mony mo 1136 "Wayte^ lest }ou haue synget in ]>o. Hast ]>QW any tyme wyth herte prowd A-noJ^eres synne I-spoken owt, And ]>jn entencyone syche was, 1140 patlpj sjnne schulde seme j>e las? Hast ]>ovL ben prowde & glad in thoght Of any mysdede J'at j^ou hast wrojt ? Hast ]>o\i ben prowde of any gyse 1144 Of any J^yng^ J^at ]ion dedust vse, Of party hosen of pykede schone, Of fytered cloj^es as foles doni?, Of londes rentes of gay howsynge, 1148 Of mony s^ruauwtes to j^y byddyng^, Or of hors fat and rownde, Or for ]>j godes were hole & sownde. Or for J70W art gret and ryche 1 152 pat no nejbore ys ])e I-lyche, Or for Jiow art a vertues^ mon, And const more J^en a-nojj^r con ? ^ef jjou haue be on ])js mancr prowd, 1156 Schryf }?e sone and telle hyt out. Hast ])ou. any tyme by veyn glory I J'oght ]>j self so holy, J7at ]70w hast had any dedeyn 1160 Of o]>er synfulle {'at ]>oxi hast seyn ? Hast thou been proud on account of any office that thou hast held 1 Hast thou made public another's sin. or been proud of thine own sins, or of thy dresa, as fools are wont or of thy goods, or thy riches. thy virtue or thy knowledge ? [Fol. 140 back.] Hast thou de- spised others for being less holy than thyself? Hast ihou been slow to teach thy godchildren ? Hast thou come to church late, and spoken of sin at the gate ? Hast thou hin- dered others from going to church, or spoken har- lotry within the sanctuary ? H Hast thou heard sermons without devotion. or been loth to fast, or do works of charity? Hast thou neg- lected pilgrim- age? ^ De accicUa. "Ast \o\x be slowe & take non hede, To teche J^y godchyldre pat^r nostev & crede ? Haste Jjow be slowe for to here, 1164 Goddes semes when tyme were ? Hast \ou come to chyrche late And spoken of synne by \e gate ? Hast \o^x be slowe to goddes seruyse, 1168 Or storbet hyt by any wyse ? Hast \ovi letted any mon pat to chyrche wolde haue gon ? Hast ]70w spoken harlatiy 1172 Wythynne chyrche or seyntwary? Hath \j herte be wroth or gret When goddes serues was drawe^ on tret? Hast Jjow hyet hyt to \q ende 1 176 p«t \ou myites hamward wende ? Hast ]70w wyjjowte deuocyonc I-herde any predycacyonc ? Hast \ovi gon or seten elles where 1 1 80 When \o\x myjtest haue ben ]iexe ? Hast ]>on be slowe & loth to faste, When ]>j herte J^^re-a-jeyn"^ dyde caste ? Hast ]>on be slowe in any degre 1 1 8 i For to do werke of chary te ? Hast ]>ou be slowe & feynt in herte To do penau7^ce for hyt dyde smerte ? Hast ]>on any pylgrimage laft vn-do 1188 When jion were I-ioynet J^er-to? Hast ]70W by-guwne any dede, For goddus loue and sowle ncde, PrayerMS, penauwce, or fastyngr?, 11 92 Or any o)?er holy thyng.?, seid. » lus to. 37 And afterward were so slowe and feynt, pat J7y deuocyon^ were alle I-queynt ? Hast I'ow slowe & feynt I-be 1196 To helpe ]>j wyf & ]>j meyne Of suche as j^ey hade nede to ? Sey jef ]70w haue, so I-do. ^ef J^ow be a seruaunt, 1200 Hast ]70w holde ]>j couenauwt? Hast ]>ow be scharpe and bysy To serue ]>j mayster trewely ? Hast J'ow trewely by vche way 1204 Deseruet J7y mete & fj pay? Hath thy neghbore I-trust to ]>e To helpe hym in any degre, And Jjow for slowthe & feyntyse 1208 Hast hym be-gylet in any wyse ? Hath slow)7e so I-schent ]>j J'ojt, pat in dyspayre hyt hath ])e brojt, And neuer myjtest ]>o\i non ende make 1212 Of no gode dede ]>at ]>ou dydest take? Hast J'ou for slow];e I-be so feynt, pat al ]>j wylle has be weynt, And sojt no ]>jnge elles but lust & ese, 1216 And alb j^at wolde ]>j body plese? Hast J'OU spared for hete or colde To go to chyrche when ]>ou. were holde ? [Fol. 141.] Ilast thou been slow to help thy wife to what she had need of ? If thou art a ser- vant, hast thou done thy duty to thy master 1 Hast thou done thy duty to thy neigrhbour in those matters wherein he trust- ed thee J Hast thou gi-ven way to despair 1 Hast thou given way to sloth, or neglected to go to church for heat or cold ? ^ JDe ijividia. HAst J70W euer be gruchynge A-gaynes god for any Jjynge ? Hast J?ow be in herte glad, When ]>j neghbore harme hath had ? Hast Jjow had in herte gref 1224 Of hys gode and hys relef ? Hast )>ow had enuye and erre To hym j^at was J^yn ouer herre, Hast thou liail a grudge against Godforanything, or been glad when thy neighbour came to harm 1 Hast thou envied thy betters, 38 OF ANGER. [Fol. 141 back.] or thy equals, that were abler than thou wert, or those below thee,becausethey ■were thriving ? Hast thou for envy defamed any one. or backbitten thy neighbour to make him fare the worse, or neglected to ■warn anyone of his danger? Or any J^at was in any degre 1228 I-take forth by-fore the ? Hast thow enuyet J^yn euenyng(? For he had euer in any 'pjnge, Or for he was more abeler jjen j^ow 1232 To alle manere gode and prow? Hast ]>ovf enuyet ]>jn vnderlyng^, For he was gode and thryuynge, Or leste he hade I-passed J^e 1236 In any vertu or degre ? Hast ])ow for hate or for enuye I-holpen or couwselet for to lye Any mon for to defame, 1240 Or for to destruye hys gode name ? Hast J70W bacbyted j^y neghbore For to make hym fare j^e worre ? Hast Jjow reret any debate 1244 A-mong^ ]>y nejborMs. by any hate ? Hast ]70w I-sparet for enuye To teche a mon hys harme to flye, When J70W myjtest by ]7y wamyngtf 1248 Haue hym saued from harmynge ? Hast thou for hate set anything on fire, or lost thy reason in thine anger ? Hast thou injured anyone by bitter words ! H De ira. Ast J70W for hate or for yre, Any J7yng?/s set on fuyre ? Hast ]70w any tyme be wroth so 1252 pat Jjy wyt hath be a-go ? Hast j'ou by malys of jjy doynge "WrathJ^ed ]?y nejbore in any \ynge ? Hast J'ow in wrathj^e and wyth stryf 1256 I-greuet any crystene lyf ? Hast )70w wyj? wordes bytter & schrewede I-tened any mon lered or lewede ? Hast J>ow in wraj^j^e & euel herte 1260 I-made any mon to smerte? OF AVARICE. 39 Hast J70W I-corsed or I-blamet, Or any mon to -wrathj^e I-taimet ? Hast )>ow in wraj^jie any mon slayn, 1264 Or holpe ])er-to by thy mayn? Hast J70W be wonet to speke ylle By any mon lowde or stylle ? Hast J70W be glad to here bacbyte, 1268 Any mon myche or luyte ? Hast ]>ou any tyme in malencoly I-corset any }jnge bytterly, In hope to make hyt fare J^e worse 1272 By ])e malys of thy corse ? Hast ]>ow be inpacyent For any gref that god j^e sent ; Or elles I-gruched a-gaynes hyt, 1276 In herte or worde o]>er in wyt, As jef ]7y catell fel from the, OJ^er for any infyrmyte, For los of frendes or of any ]>jDge 1280 Or for any syche doyngi?? Hast thou slain any one in thine anger ? [Fol. 142.] Hast thou heen glad to listen unto backbiting? Hast thou cursed anything in thy melancholy, in hope to make it fare worse ? Hast thou been impatient at loss of cattle or of friends ? De auaricia. HAst jjow wylnet by couetyse Worldes gode ouer syse, And spared nother for god ny mon 1284 To gete >at >ow fel vp-on ? Hast thow be hard and nythy.ge To wythholden any thynge ? Hath any mon vp-on a wedde 1288 Borowet at the oght in nede, And afterward when he pay wolde, Hast ]70w ]7enne hys wed wythholde ? For )jagh he fayle of hys day, 1292 pow schuldest not hys wed wy)7-say. Hast )7ow I-land any thynge To haue the more wynnynge ? Hast thou been greedy of gain I Hast thou been hard with bor- rowers, or lent anything to gain profit thereby ? 40 OF GLUTTONY. Hast thou prac- tised simony ? Hast thou be- guiled anyone in bargaining ? Hast thou given any false award to gain by it, or perjured thy- self for the same 1 [Fol. 142 back.] Hast thou covet- ed over much the world's worshii) ? Hast thou been an executor and neglected to do the dead person's will? Hast ]70w I-dronke^ symonye 1296 Spyrytual ]>jnge to selle or bye? Hast Jjow werkemen oght wyth-taa Of any }jnge ]>at ]>ej schulde han ? Hast Jjow by-gylet in chafare 1300 Any lyf in lasse or mare ? Hast J»ow jeue a fals dome Por any mede "pat ]>e come ? Hast ]70w falsly be for-swore 1304 For any J^yng J^ow couetest jore? Hast ]70w I-gete any thynge "Wyth fals couwtenans and glosyngc ? Hast }70w I-coueted oner gate 1 308 Worldes worschype or any a-state ? Hast ]>ou I-be any executour To any frende or negbbour, And drawe out hys gode j^e tylle, 1312 And not I-do >e dedes wylle ? Hast thou been guilty of glut- tony, or eaten so greedily that thou hast vomited ? Hast thou in such vomiting east up the holy eucha- rist? Hast thou often been drunken, or made others drunk that thou mightest beguile them out of any- thing, or pick sport out of them ? ff De gula. "Ast ]>on I-synget in glotorye ? Telle me, sone, buldelye. Hast ]70W ete wyth syche mayn, 1316 pat ]70w hast caste hyt vp a-gayn? Hast ]70w wy]7 suclio vomysment I-cast yp a-jayn ]>e sacrament? Hast ]7ow be dronke oftc by ysc, 1320 And schent }j self by ];at vyce ? Hast ]>ou by malys or by nyste I-made any mon dronke to bo, For j7ou woldest ]?e mcnc whyle 1324 Any ]>jnge of hym by-gyle. Or for Jjow woldest horde ^ haue, To se hym dronke and to raue ? y do. laughter. OF LECHERY. 41 Hast ]>on I-fast as ]>ou schuldest do, 1328 Dayes Jjat J^ow were ioynet to, Or any oJ»er fastynge day ? ^ef ]70W haue do ]>o\i moste say. Hast ]70w also for glotory 1332 Ete or dronke to frechedcly ? ' Hast ]70w ete or dronke more, pen fy nede askede fore, Ojier to erly or to late, 1336 Ofer to swete or delycate? ^ef J^ow haue done jjus by vys. Telle me, sone, for nede hyt ys. Hast ]>ow I-chereschet J^y body ofte, 1340 In swete metus and clo]7US softe? Art J70W I-wonet to go to j)e ale, To fuUe jjere thy fowle male. And drawe J^yder ojjer wyth ])e, 1344 To here ]ie feleschype in J^at degre ? Hast yon I-stole mete or drynke, For fou woldest not J^erfore swynke ? Hast thou fasted at proper times ? Hast thou eaten and drunken more than need Hast thou cher- ished thy body with sweet meat andsoftclothing? Art thou wont to [Fol. 143.] go to the ale to play the glutton ? Hast thou stolen meat or drink ? 1348 H 51 Be luxuria. Ast jjow synged in lechery ? Telle me sone baldely ; And how ofte \ow dydest J^at dede, Telle me j^ow moste nede ; And whe)jer hyt were wyf or may, 1352 Sybbe or fremde \dX \ow by lay ; And jef ho were syb to the, HoAV syb j'ow moste telle me ; And je[f] ho were ankeras or nonne, 1356 Wydowe or wyf telle jef \oVi conne, Or any J^at ha]? a-vowet to chastyte, Or comyn wommon jef ho be. Hast thou sinned in lechery ? and was it with wife, maiden, or kindred : with ankeress nun, widow aiiy woman voW' ed to chastity, or fresshly. 42 OF LECHERY. Was it with the woman's con- sent? Hast thou eaten or drunken any- tliing to enforce to lust ? Kissing. Hast thou much desired to commit this sin. and thought much on lechery? [Fol. 143 hack.] Hast thoa tried to seduce any woman, or taken delifjht in lustful songs ? Or yvh.e]>er J^ow dost by strengj^e so, 1360 Or by asent of jow bo ? Hast ]>ou. ete or dronke any letewary To enforce the to lechery ? Hast ]70w any J^ynge wrojt or do, 1364 _pat stered ]>j flesch ])e more ]>erto, Clyppynge, or kyssynge, or towchyngi? of lyth, That thy flesch was styred wyth ? Hast J70w be tempted to any wo»»mon, 1368 And myche & jerne I-]joght J)er-on, And woldest fayn in thy J^oght, pat fowle dede wy)> hyre haue wrojt ? pen ]70w dost sywne in lechery, 1372 As god hym self seyth verrely, Wythowte werke or fleschly dede pj chastyte from J^e doth flede. Hast J^ow had lust inwardely, 1376 And j^ojt myche in lechery, And hast be tempted in syche a J70jt ? Telle me, sone, spare ))0w nojt. Slepynge or wakynge wh.e]!er hyt were, 1380 Telle me, sone, a-non ryght here. Hast )70W do sorfet of mete & drynke, And after we[re] polluted slepynge ? Hast j^ow do ]7at synne bale 1384 By any wommon J^at lay in hale ? Hast J70W wowet' any wyghte, And tempted hyre ouer nyghte ? Hast )70U made j^e gay Jierfore, 1388 ped, heo schulde ]>e loue j^e more ? Hast ]>ou desyred syche to be, pat wywmen schulde loue J^e? Hast ]>ou hade lykynge for to here 1392 Songes ]7at of lechery were? 1 wowed. CONCERNING VENIAL SINS. 43 Hast ]>on cou«selet or do socowre By any wey to a lechowre ? Be-J^enke ])e, sone, in vche degre 1396 What in >y thoghte be-fel fe ; ^ef ))0W conne any j'ynge mynne,' pat perteneth to J^at synne. Hast thou aided any one in sucli wicked courses ! Qnod si sit femina. ^ And jef heo be a wommon, 1400 Byd hyre telle, jef heo con, Of what degre \e mon was That synned wy]? hyre in j^e cas, Syb or sengul or any spowse, 1404 Or what degre of relygyowse, Or whejj^r hyt were a-gayn hyre wylle, Or whe]?^/* heo a-sented fully jjer-tylle, Or whe]7er hyt were for couetyse 1408 Of gold or seiner or oght of hyse, J^enne \e synne dowbul were, And neded penawnce myche more. Why & where, how & whenne, 1412 And how ofte aske hyre J^enne, Of alle poyntes J-ow moste wyte, As by-fore I haue wryte. If it be a woman bid her tell thee of what degree the man was that sinned with her ; whether he was single or wedded, or a religious, and whether she were ravished or consented there- to, and whether she did it for pay, for then the sia double were. 51 De niodo inquirendi de peccatis venialibxxs. "VrOw of synnes venyal, 1416 -i-' A luyte^ aske j^e I schal : Hast Jjow spende ]>j wytt«at falle may. 1[ Be anditii. ^ Hast Jjow I-had gret lykyng* 1428 Por to here euele thyng^, Or nyce wordes of rybawdy, Or Buclie manor harlotry ? 1[ De olfactu. *\ Hast ]70w I-smelled any j^ynge 1432 pat hath tend thy lykynge, Of mete or drynke or spysory pat ]70W hast after I-synned by ? ^ De gustu. ^ Also jef \o\x. synned hast, 1436 In mete or drynke by lusty tast, pat also ]jow moste telle me, ^ef I schale a-soyle the. 1[ De tactu. ^ Hast }o\x I-towched folyly, 1440 p«t Jiy membn^s were styrcd by, Wommones flesch or j^yn owne ? ^ef Jiow hast \o\i moste schowne. Here ben \q wyttws fyue, 1444 How \ej ben spende telle me blyue, And whad )iou hast in herte more, Telle me, sone, a-non by-fore I praye }q, sone, be not a-ferd, 1448 But telle hyt owte now a-pert. Telle me, sone, I the pray, VENIAL SIN^ 45 I wole j^e helpe jef Jjat I may. ^ Is Jjy penauwce alle I-do, 1452 pat Jjy schryffader ioynet ]>e to ? Por-gyuest ]70W wyth herte fre, Alle ]>o ]7at haue trespaset to Jje ? Any vow hast ]70w I-mad ? 1456 Hast fan l^at holden ferme and sad ? Hast J70W eten any sonday W/tA-owte halybred ? say je or nay. Hast ]>on I-storbet prest or clerk 1460 pat were bysy in goddes werk ? Hast ]>ou I-had or wyst where, pat was I-asked in chyrche ]iere ? Hast J>ow wy]?owte knowlachyng^ 1464 I-wyst ])e a-corsed for any j^ynge ? Art ]70w I- wont at lychwake Any pleyes for to make ? pe werkes of m^rcy suj^eme & alle 1468 Hast ])0U I-wrojt as ]>e by-felle ? ^ Hast ]>o\v holpe by ]>j myjt To buiye j^e dede as byd owrc dryjt ? Pore & naked and hongry, 1472 Hast ]70w I-sokeret mekely? Hast ])ou in herte rowj^e I-had, Of hem ]>at were nede be-stad. To seke & sore and pyisonerw* 1476 I-herberet alle weyfenj meyne and wj]> )?y wyf ? Hast ]70w also by hyre I-layn, 1480 And so by-twene jow ]>e chylde I-slayn? Also ]>j chyldre J'at were schrewes, Hast )70w I-taght hem gode )7ewes ? Hast j^ow ouer-holde come or ote,* 1484 Or o]>er J'ynge jiat come neu^r to note? 1 wote. Hast thou done all thy penances ? Dost thou forglye all that have tres- passed against thee? Hast thou kept all vows th;it thou hast made .' [Fol. 144 hack.] Hast thou eaten on Sundays with- out holy bread ? Hast thou dis- turbed priest or clerk at his work? Hast thou wished thyself accursed? Art thou wont to make plays at any likewake ? Hast thou done works of mercy ? Hast thou helped to bury the dead? Hast thou suc- coured the poor ? Hast thou done kindly deeds to the sick prisoners and wayfarers. Hast thou quar- relled with thy wife ? Have thou and she overlain any of your infants ? Hast thou kept thy children in subjection ? 46 THE MANNER OF Hast thou fre- quented the com- pany of cursed men, to succour them,or to preach to them for their good? Hast thou hin- dered matri- mony? [Fol. 145.] Hast thou passed by a churchyard and neglected to pray for the dead ? Hast thou ever left open a gale 80 that beasts have gone in ? Hast thou des • troyed com, grain, or other things that were sown ? Art thou wont to ride over com. For to lene hast J^ow be loth, And for to q^dte hast j^ou be wroth ? ^ Hast ]70w be in corset cumpany, 1488 Of corset men ? telle me why, To socour hem wyj^ bodyly fode, Or to preche hem for here gode ? Who so sokereth hem in here raalys, 1492 He ys as corsed as ]>ej I-wys. Telle also for the bet Matrymony jef \>ow haue let. Hast J?ow I-come by chyrche jorde, 1496 And for ]>e dede I-pr«yed no worde? Hast ]>ow ay cast vp lyde jate pere hestus haue go in ate ? Hast ]70w I-stmyed corn or gras, 1500 Or o]?er J^yng,? ))at sowen was ? Hast ]>ovL I-come in any sty And cropped jerws of come' ]>e by? Art ]70u I-wont ouer corn to ryde 1504 When ]>on myjtest haue go by syde? ^ef )70w haue more in herte. Telle me, sone, now alio smerte ; For alle ]>at Jjow helest now fro me 1508 pe fende fuUe redyly wole telle ]>e. But when he con no more sayn, pen jeue hym penaunce w^t7^owte layn. Of the manner of enjoining penance. % Be moclo iniurxgendi penitenciam. 1512 NOw confessoMr I warne j^e, H Here connynge );ow moste be, Wayte l^at ]70w be slegh & fel To vnderstonde hys schryft wel ; Wherfore J^ese jjynges )70w moste wyte 1516 That in \js vers nexte be wiyte. MS. com^. IMPOSING PENANCES. 47 ^ Qnis, quid, vhi, per quos, quociens, quomodo, qu&ndo. ^ Fyrst ]70w moste \>js mynne/ What lie ys ]7at doth J>e synne, Whe)>er hyt be heo or he, 1520 ^onge or olde, bonde or fre, Pore or ryche, or in ofiys, Or mon of dygnyte jef he ys, Sengul or weddet or cloystrere, 1524 Gierke, or lewed, or seculere, Byschope or prest, or mon of state, pow moste wyte j^ese al gate. pe herre J7at a mon ys in degre, 1528 pe sarrer forsoj^e falle]? he. And ^ef he were in hys wyt, Also ]>ow moste wyte hyt. What synne hyt ys and how I-wrojt, 1532 To wyte redyly spare J;ow noght, Whejier hyt be gret or smal, Open or hud wyte J70w al. Lechery, robbery, or monslajt, 1536 Byd hym telle euen strajt. For snmme telle]? not here synne al, In confessyone general. pus a mon may other whyle 1540 pe and hym bojie by-gyle. Hyt ys to luyte for any mon To say he hath slayn a mon. But jef he telle hyt openly, 1 544 What mon he was, wharfore, & why, WheJ^er hyt be fader or bro];er, Prest or clerke, or any other. Also men sayn comynly 164.8 I haue synned in lechery, You must bear in mind who the penitent is ; whether young or old, bond or free, poor or rioii , singleormarried, clerk or secular person. and whether he be in his wits oi- [Fol. 145 back.] You must be heedful to know all bis sin, for some will not tell all their sin. It is not sufficient for the penitent to say he has slain a man ; he must say who he was, wherefore, and why. A man who has sinned in lechery must not mention lyrae. 48 THE MANNER OF the name of the other person un- less it be needful. But he must tell in' what state and condition of life she was. and whether or not the sin was done in a holy place, [Fol. 146.] and how often the sin was done, for the oftener it is done the more the sin is. ^et most ])ow wyte by whom hyt ys, Or elles je mowe do boj^e a-mys. But nome lie schal non telle Jje ; 1552 But jef ]>e synne syche be, pat lie ne may liys schryfte telle, But lie take hyre in bys spelle, J? en be may ]>e name mynge. 1556 Ellus bym ajte for no fjnge ; But whejter ho be wyf or may, Syb or fremde, make hym say, liTonne or ankeras, or what degre, 1560 Algate make hym telle the; For jef J^e synne be gret or grym, pe more penauwce nedeth hym ; Were hyt was wyte ]>ou also 1564 In holy place or no. A mon synne]? sarre in seyntwary penne in any o}cy place by, By whom also ]>ow moste mynne, 1568 And whom he gart to do ]7at synne, And whad J^ey were ]>at were here ferus, Prestes or clcikus, monkes or frerus, pe mo to synne that he droghe, 1572 pe more for-sothe hym-self he sloghe ; How ofte also he dyde that dede, Wyte at hym J^ow moste nede. For euer so ofter newed hyt ys, 1576 pe gr«tter j^e synne waxeth I-wys; So ofter a wou?jde ys I-cot pe worse to hele hyt nede be mot ; pe ofter a mon doth monslaghte, 1580 pe more he ys the fende by-taghte ; pe ofter he doth lechery, pe ofter he synneth dedly ; Dedly he synneth wyj'owte drede, 1 584 As ofte as he ]>at synne do]? brede, IMPOSING PENANCES. 49 And why he dyde J^at ylke synne, Also nede he mote mynne : Whej^er hyt were for loue or drede, 1588 Or couetyse of worldes mede, Or for enuye, or for debate, Or for wrath];e of olde hate, And he dyde he mote say, 1592 And not hele hyt by no way. Whe}er he dyde J^at in hastynes, Or wel a-vyset jef he wes ; For he ]>at caste th hym to do a dede, 1596 More penauwce he mote haue nede J: en he ]>at doth hyt sodenlyche, And afterward hym reweth myche ; And whewne hyt was and what day, 1600 Byd hym to the that he say, For on a halyday jef he synne, Nedely to ]>e he mote hyt mynne, Or any ojjer fastynge day, 1604 Lentuw or vygyle, as telle he may, For gratt^r synne for soj^e hyt ys On suche dayes to do a-mys, Myche more wythoute nay, 1608 pen on a-no])er werkeday, And jet more by-fore none pen afterward and hyt were done, p erf ore ]>ou moste wel hyt mynne, 1612 Bo]7e tyde & tyme, he ]>at doth synne. Alle ]?ese poynt«s Jjow moste wyte, prtt here be-fore ben I-wryte ; Or elles gode dome J^ou myjt not jeue 1616 Of men ]>at beth to the I-schryue, So )70W myjt knowe sum and al, Whejjer ]>e synne be gret or smal, And jef J^e synne be fowle & grym, 1 620 The gratter penauwce jeue ]>ou hym ; He must also say ■whether he sin- ned for love or fear. He must say on what day he sinned, for a sin done on a holy day or fasting day is worse than one committed at another time. [Fol. 146 back.] All these things must be known, or else the con- fessor cannot give a good dome. H the sin be great, so must the penance be. 50 PENANCE. If the sin be light, let the penance be light also. If the man is sorry for his sin, let the penance be abridged ; but if he be stiff of heart the penance must be heavy, but still such as he will perform ; [Fol. 147.] for if a man has more laid on him than he will do, he wUl cast it all aside and be worse than if he had not gone to A woman's pen- ance must be such as her husband may not know. And jef j)e synne be but luyte, To ]>e lasse penau??ce ]>ou bym putte ; But fyrst take hede by gode a-vys, 1624 Of what contrycyone ]>at he ys, ^ef he be sory for hys synne, And fulle contryte as Jjou myjt kenne ; Wepe]? faste and ys sory, 1628 And asketh jerne of mercy, A-bregge hys penauwce J7en by myche, For god hym self for-jeueth syche ; ^ef he be styf & of herte hej, 1 632 Grope hym softe & go hym nej. And when ]>ou herest where he wole byde, ^eue hym penauwce ]>enue also )?at tyde, But non oj^er j^en he wole take 1636 Wors ]>enne lest J^ow hym make. Take gode hede on hys de-gre Of what skynnes^ lyuyuge ]?at he be, For on may soffre ]7at a,-no]>er ne may, 1640 J? erf ore set hym in syche way, pat hys penauwee he may do ryjt, Be hyt heuy, be hyt lyjt ; ]ef J70W ley on hym more 1644 penne he wole asente fore, Aile he wole caste hym fro, And schende hym-self, I telle ]>e so, "Wharfore be wys and war, 1648 For mony men fulb djuers ai: Now take hede what I j^e mynne, ^ef a wyf haue done a synne, Syche penauwce j^ou gyue hyre j^emie 1652 pat hyre husbonde may not kenne, Leste for Jie penau«ce sake Wo & w[r]a]7]je by-twene hem wake. kynnes. OF PRIDE AND ANGER. 61 "Wharfore ]>e nedeth to be wys, 1656 For, forsothe, gret nede hyt ys, Lest ]?ow do ojt on madhede, And sende so al to ]>e quede ; Bettwr hyt ys wyth penau^ece lutte, 1660 In-to purgatory a mon to putte, pen wjj> penau«ce ouer myche, Sende hym to helle putte. ^ Wiarfore leme j^ys lessouw wel, 1664 And take gode hede to my spel, Couwt^^r wy]? couwtwr ys I-huled ofte, When ]>ej be leyde to-gedwr softe. Better with a light penance to send a man to purgatory, than with penance overmuch to send him to hell. 5f Contra superbiam. AgSLjmcs pruyde wythowte les, pe fonne remedy ys mekenes, Ofte to knele and erJ7e to kys, And knowlache wel j^at erj^e he ys, And dede mennws bonws ofte to se, 1672 And j^enke j^at he schal syche be. pe peynes of helle haue ^erne in thojt, And domes day for-jete thow noght, Crystws passyone haue in mynde, 1676 pat sleth pruyde, as wryten I fynde, And who so fenketh Jjus in stedefast thojt,' Pruyde he schale sette at nojt. Pride. The remedy for it ia meekness. It is good for thee to kiss the earth and k ok on dead nun's bones, and think on the pains of hell and Christ's passion. [Fol. 147 back.] % Contra. Iram.^ Agaynes wra]7}7e hys helpe schal be, ^ef he haue grace in herte to se How auwgel?e deueles barn, "Wharfore he mote wyth sofferynge, Quenche in hym syche brennyng^, A-gaynw5 wrathj^e soferauwce 1692 Mote be myche hys penauwce. ^ Contvsi Imiidiam. AGayn enuye loue ys gryth, But jet he mote do more wyth, Serues to hym wyth herte fre 1696 To whom he hath enuyes I-be. Louynge serues and godely speche Agayn enuye ys helpe and leche. ^ Contra auariciava.. 1700 T\0 also in thys wyse 0^ I bydde a-jeynes couetyse, Quyte a-gayn a-byde not to longe, pat J'ow hast take wyth wronge, And to \q nedy jeue ]>ow large, 1704 In goddMs name I j^e charge. ^ Contra, gulam. ^F \j fowle gloterye Abstene J^e, I bydde jje bye. And for j^y lust & j^y sorfet 1 708 pow moste do almes fulle gret ; Fede \g pore of J^at j^ow sparest. And lete hem fele how \ow farest. ^ Contra, accidiam. ^ Slowthe I'ow moste to gode tt^rne, 1712 And \j pater noster say jeme, In morowe & mydday & euentyde, WheJ>«r J70W go ojjer J^ow ryde SLOTH, AND LECHERY. 53 To chyrche come jef )70w may, 1716 And here ]>j masse vche day, And jef ]>ov^ may not come to chyrche, Where euer J^at J^ow do worche, "When ]>ow herest to masse knylle, 1720 Prey to god wjj> herte stylle, To jeue j>e part of j^at seruyse, pat in chyrche I-done ys. to hear mass each day, and if -work hinders from go- ing to church, to join in heart in the service when the mass Imell is heard. ^ Contra luxuriam. Thagh Jjow J^enke ]?y lechery swete, Lef >ow hyt I the hete, And lerne to lyue in chastyte, In goddes name I charge j^e ; And for \j flesch \er-m has game, 1728 WetA bred & wat^r fou schalt hyt tame, And jef he say a-gayn to \e, He may not lyue in chastyte, Charge hym J^enne to take a wyf, 1 732 In goddes lawe to lede hys lyf. And )>aj he say he wole not do so, ^et penauMce make hym to do ; Hyt schale do gode here or henne, 1736 Laske hys peynes or cese hys synne. echery. Tame the flesh by bread and He who cannot live in chastity to take a wife. 0' If Qxxdinta sit penitencia pro inortalibns. |N dedly synne, as lawes techeth, To seuen jerus ende recheth, Paste bred & water vche fryday, 1 740 And for-go flesch on Wednesday, The same dayes jjorj j^e ^ere, That schal laste fully seuen jere ; But now be fewe J^at wole do so, 1744 perfore a ly^ter way J70U moste go; A mownes contricyone be-holde ]?ou jerne, per-by ]>j domes thow moste lerne ; The legal penance for mortal sin. There are now few who will perform it. 54 PENA.NCE A>fD [Fol. 148 back.] Light penance to be given for venial sin. ^ef hyt be gret ^eue luyte penauwce, 1748 ^ef hyt be luyte j^ow moste hyt vauwce,* Be hyt more, be hyt lasse, After ]>e contricyone J^e dome moste passe. Be not to harde I ]>e rede, 1752 But ay do mercy in goddes drede, He ys ful of me[r]cy ay, Be ]>ou also I the pray. For lasse synnes venyal, 1756 Lasse penauwce jeue )70w schal, So ]7at }e synne hys herte greue, And be in purpos hyt to leue, I hope here be I-noj I-wryte, 1 760 To teche a prest how he schale wyte. To jeue a dome of monnes synne ^ef any wyt be hym wyj^ynne. Cases reserved for the bishop : All that smite priests or clerks, house-burners, murderers, mo- thers that overlie their children ; a man cursed with book and bell; heretics, vow-breakers, coin-clippers, usurers, false witnesses, and folk that have been unlawfully wedded ; % Isti mittendi sunt ad episco-pum. Bvt confessowr be wys and pp, And sende forth fese to J^e byschop : Alle j^at smyte]? prest or clerk, And hem ]>at worche]? wycked werk, Hows brenner & sleer of mon, 1768 And fader or modur in vyolens ]>at ley]? bond vp-on, pe modwr J^at ]>e chylde ouer lyth, pe fader also sende J^ow wyth, A mon J^at ys a-corset wy]? book & belle, 1772 And eretykes as I the telle ; Hym J^at brekej? solempne vow. Or chawnge hyt wole, sende hym for]? now ; Clypper of ]>e kynges mynt, 1776 And hym ]jat lyueth by swerdes dynt Alle fals sysourws and okererMs, And hem ]?at fals wytnes berw* ; haunce. ABSOLUTION. 55 Alle ]7at be wedded vnlawfully, 1780 Or sustene grete sentens a-corse]? ay ; And jef ]>e byschope a-corse mo, 1784 Sende hem forth- wyth also. those who have lain with sisters or cousins ; and all that are cursed by the great ex- communication. [Fol. 149.: % De modo ahsoluendi penitentem. "Ow take hede how j^ow schalt don« Of thyn absolucyon^ ; "When schryfte ys herde }?en jeue penauwce, 1788 And bydde hym say wyth fulle creawnce : N' Absolution : how it is given. 5[ £t diced confitem. ^' /^ Od, I crye j^e mercy, ^ And J>y moder seynt mary, And alle \e seynt?« of heuen bryjt, 1792 I crye mi^rcy wyth alle my myjt, Of alle \e synnws I haue wrojt. In werke and worde, & sory J^ojt, Wyth Query lyme of my body, 1796 "Wyth sore herte I aske god mercy, And J^e, fader, in goddes place, A-6oyle me fow of my trespace, Jeue me penauwce also to, 1800 For goddes loue \at fow so do." A form of con fession. ^ Tunc dicat sacerdos. EGo auctoritate del patris o/wmpotentis & [heatorwn}'\ The form of ab- apostoloTum petri & pauli & officij vaichi com- missi in hac parte absoluo te ab hijs -peccatis michi 1804 per te confessis & ab alijs de quibws non recordaris. In nomiwe pa^s & filij & sipiritus sancti. Amen. Ista humilitas & passio do»??ni nos^ri ihesu christi Not in Douce 103. 56 EXTREME & merita sancte matris ecdesie & omnes indulgencie 1808 tibi concesse & om^^ia bona que fecisti & fades Ysque in finem vite tue sint tibi in remissionem istoTum & omnium aliorum ^eccafonmi tviortmi. Amen. Extreme unction to be given when a man is near death. He -who despises this sacrament ■will be damned. [Fol. 149 back.] ^ De Sacramento extreme vnccionis. Hyt ys not gocle to be helut, How a wyjt scbal be an-elet, When ]>at he ys so ouer-dryue, pat he may no lengwr lyue, J?enne he schale an-elet be, 1816 And non er, I warne the, But j^aj he be an-elet ones, ^et he may eftsones, But he ]7at ys in hys wyt, 1820 And be so temptut despyse]? hyt, Haue he in herte non o]>er mynne. He Rchale be dampned for ]>at synne, But he ]>at schale be an-oynt, 1 824 Aske hym jjus euerj poynt : Questions to be asked of the sick person. Dost thou die in the Christian Has thy life been worse than it should be ? Hast thou lived amiss ? Hast thou a will to amend if thy life be spared 1 Believest thou on the Lord's pas- And how it alone cau save thee 1 Hold up both hands and thank Christ, and pray Infinnxxs dicta ]e. ^ ** Art J70W fayn, my brojjer, say, pat J-ow dyest in crysten fay ? Myjt ]>ou also in j^y herte se 1828 pflt ]ij lyf ys worse j^en hyt scholde be ? ^e. ror-)>ynke)» \e, telle me ]jys, pat )>ou hast lad j^y lyf a-mys ? ^e. Hast J70W wyl }& to a-mende, 1832 ^ef god wole >e lyf sende ? ^e. Be-leuest Jpow with ful gode deuocyone On ihesu crystes passyone ? ^e. And how hys passyon^ saue \b schal, 1836 And by non oj^er way at al ? ^e. Holde vp now boj^e py hondes And ])onke criste of alle hys sondes. 67 And praye hym, for hys moder sake, Lim for his mo- 1840 pat he wole >y sowle take ^e^J^"i take thy In-to hys honde and hys kepynge, And saue hyt from J7e fowle ]>jnge, ^ef he con J^ys oresone say, 1 844 Byd hym say hyt wyj^owte delay. ^ Oracio dicenda ah infirmo ante vnccionem. Eus mens, detis mQtis, mtsencordia mea & refugiuw I'^^J^' t° be said ' ' '^ by the sick man. D meum, te desidero, ad te confugio, ad te festino vewire. ne despicias me sub tremendo discrimiwe 1 848 posituwi ; adesto vaichi propiciMS in hijs magnis meis necessitatib«<5 : non possum me redimere meis opera- cionihus. 8ed tu, dews me?^s, redime me & miserere mei. diffido de meismerit?^, set^magis confide de misera- 1 852 cionihus tuis & -plus confide de miBeracionihus tuis quam. diffido de malis meis actibws. tu spes mea, deus meus, tibi soli peccaui ; mea culpa, mea maxima culpa, nuwc ad te venio quia nulli dees ; cupio dissolui & esse tecum. 1856 In manws tuas domme commendo spiritum. meum, re- demisti me domme deus veritatis. Amen. Et p«^ra mt'chi deus meus, vt in pace dormiam & requiescam. Qui in trinitate p^rfecta viuis & regnas deus p&r 1860 omwia' secida seculorwm. Amen. ^ Tunc vngatur injirmvis. _2Et I wole wryte more, Further histruc- "1 tions to men of ^ To hym J^at ys mene of lore, mean lore. Of neclygens, more & lasse, of negligence that may befal 1864 j:at may be-falle m pe masse. in the mass. Fyrst se, prest, as I >e mymie, L^st:^SeTt pat ]70W be out of dedly synne, ''^ '[Foi'.^iso'.] pyn auter Jeanne \>ou do dyjt, 1868 pat hyt be after thy myjt. * infinita. 68 INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRIESTS The altar cloths must be clean, and all of them hallowed. Three towels to be on the altar at mass. The candle to ' of wax, and to burn clearly. The bread to be of wheaten flour. The wine not sour. Water to be put to the wine. The tails of the words not to be cut. If it happen, through accident, that bread or wine be not on the altar when mass is being said, lay bread on the corporax, and begin again at "qui pridie." [Fol. 150 back.] If wine and water are absent, Se ]>e elojjes j^at j^ey be clene, And also halowet alle by-dene, Wyth ]>re towayles and no lasse 1872 Hiile jjyn auter at thy masse, Al oj^er thynge j^ow knowest wel, "What ]>e nedeth euer-y del. Loke ^at ]>j candel of wax hyt be, 1876 And set byre, so jjat J^ow byre se, On ])e lyfte half of Jjyn autere, And loke algate ho brenne clere, Wayte ]>at ho brenne in alle wyse, 1880 Tyl ]70w haue do J^at seruyse. pj bred schal be of whete flour, I-made of dogh that ys not sour, J7at hyt be rouwde and hoi wayte wel, 1884 And loke ]>j wyn be not eysel ; Poure water to thy wyn. As )70w const wel and fyn, Sey J'e wordes of j^at seruyse 1888 Deuowtely wyth gode a-vyse; Cotte }70w not ]>e wordes tayle, But sey hem oute wyj'owte fayle ; Sey hem so wyj? mowj^e & thoght 1892 pat o]>eT ]>jnge Jjow J^enke noght, But al Jiyn herte & ]?yn entent Be fully on that sacrament, ^ef hyt be-falle, as god hyt scylde, 1896 fat Jjow of wyt be so wylde, pat bred or wyn be a- way, Consecracyone when ]>ou. scholdest say ; ^ef ]>e be-falle J^at ylke cas, 1900 Ley bred on ]>j corporas. And Jjaj J?ow forth I-passet be, Be-gynne a-gayn "qui pridie." ^ef wyn and water be bothe a- way, 1904 Powre in boj^e wythowte lay, OF MEAN LORE. And t?//Tie a-gayn as I J>e kenne, And " simili modo" say ]70w ])enne. ^ef ]>ou haue wat^r and no wyn, 1908 A-non-ryjt do hyt yn, And by-gy??ne, as I jer tajte, At "simili modo" euen strajte; And jef ]70w be nej J^e ende, 1912 ^ef syche mynde god J^e sende, pat J70W haue wyn & no water, pen powre hyt in neuer j^e later, And by-gynne " oremus, 1916 Preceptis salutaribt<5." ^ef ]>e wonte stole or fanouw, "When Jjow ai"t in j^e canouw, Passe forth wythowten turne, 1920 But ]>&t j>ow moste rewe jeme ; ^ef a drope of blod by any cas Falle vp-on ]>e corporas, Sowke hyt vp a-non-iyjt, 1924 And be as sory as ]>ovl myjt, pe corporas after jjow folde, A-monge J^e relek«<5 to be holde ; On o]7er ]>-ynge jef hyt falle, 1928 On vestement o]!er on palle, A-wey ]>ow moste J^e pece cotte, And hyt brenne & a-monge J?e relekw* putte ^ef hyt falle on sum o]>er what, 1932 Tabul or ston, vrjje or mat, Lyk hyt vp clene J^at ys sched. And schaf hyt after J^at ys be-bled, And do j^e schauyng^ for to brenne, 1936 Amonge jie velektis put hyt J^enne ; ^ef any flye, gnat, or coppe Doun in-to J^e chalys droppe, ^ef Jjow darst for castyng^ jjere, 1940 Vse hyt hoi aWe I-fere, supply tliem, and begin at "simili If you have wa- ter and no wine, supply it, and begin again at the same place. Tf you have for- gotten stole or fannon go forth for them. If a drop of blood fall on the corporax, suck it up, and be as sorr^ as you can for it, and put the corporax away among tlie relics. If it fall on any- thing else, lick it up and shave the place, and burn the shavings and put the ashes among the relics. If a gnat, fly, or spider fall into the cup, swallow it. [Fol. 151.] 60 NECESSARY THINGS FOR If you are afraid of vomiting, take it out with your hand and wash it over the chalice and then bum it. Change the host each day. And jef ]>j herte do wyj^stonde, Take vp the fulj^e wj]> ]>jn honde, And oner the chalys wosche hyt wel 1944 Twyes or thryes, as I \>e telle, And vse forth J^e blod )>enne, And do ]>e fulj^e for to brenne j Do more jet also thow most, 1948 Vche day chawnge jjyn ost, Eedy J^at )70w haue mowe, To vche seke ay I-nowe. Go fast to the When thou goest put on a clean surplice, take thy stole with thee, and pull thy hood over thy eyes. Bear the host on thy breast. Canse the clerk to bear a light and ring a bell before thee. In peril of death thou hast the power to assoil from all sin. Spare not to ask the sick of his sins [Fol. 151 back.] ^ Ad hue alia necessaria capellano scire. )Et leme j^ys for thy prow, 1952 c pat I wryte aft^/- now. "When Jjow schalt to seke gon, Hye J^e faste & go a-non ; For jef J70w tarye J^ow dost a-mys, 1956 Jpow schalt quyte that sowle I-wys; When )jow schalt to seke gon, A clene surples caste ]>e on, Take ]ij stole wyth J^e ryjt, 1 960 And pul thy hod ouer ]ij syjt, Bere ]>jn ost a-nont J^y breste, In a box that ys honeste. Make j^y clerk be-fore j^e jynge, 1964 To bere lyjt and belle rynge, On ]>j power jien haue )70w mynne, _pat J70W myjt a-soyle of alle synne ; In perel of deth ]>ow hast powere 1 968 Of alle synne to a-soyle clere ; But jef ]>e seke t?^rne to lyue, Of ]7at same synne he mote hym schryue. And hys penauwce take newe, 1972 For alle J'ynge ]7at he er schewe. And spare jjow not for no let To aske hym of hys det, A CHAPLAIN TO KNOW. 61 And whether hyt be myche or luyte, 1976 Charge hym J^at he hyt quyte, And jef hys godes to luyte be For to quyte J^at oweth he, Charge hym ]7enne wyth herte lowe 1980 To aske mercy of )>at he owe ; And jet f ow moste lerne J^ys eke, Of a mon j^at ys ful seke, pat sendej? to J7e to hym to ryde, 1984 And waxe dowmbe in J»at tyde, ^ef he by synes ]7at hosul soghte, Thaj ]jow knowe ]jow schryue hym nojte, Nerj^eles J^ow schalt hym soyle, 1988 And jeue hjtn hosul & holy oyle. When ]>ou hast ]7e seke I- schryue, And Jjow se ]>at he may not lyue, OJ^er penauwce ]70w sohalt not gyn 1992 But j^e sekenes ]>at he ys In, loyne ]>at sekenes & j^at sore By-fore god to be hys ore ; And jef he aske hys sauyour, 1996 Gyf hym hyt wy]? gret honour; But jef he be so seke wyth-ynne pat of castynge he may not blynne, He schal not j^enne hys hosul take, 2000 For vomyschment & castynge sake, But preche hym feyre wyth opuw spelle pat god a-loweth hys herte & hys wylle, And for he wolde & he myjte, 2004 God hym take]? in hys ryjte. ^et when ]>ovi art to chjrche I-went, Do vp so that sacrament pat hyt be syker in vche way, 2008 pat no best hyt towche may. ^ef hyt [were] eten wyth mows or rat, Dere jjow moste a-bygge ]?at ; Charge him with lowly heart to a£k mercy. If a sick man cannot speak, but by signs shews that he wishes for the housel and holy oil, they are to be given to him. The sick person to have no other penance given but his sickness. If he is so sick that he would vomit up the holy eucharist, it is not to be given to him, but he is to be told that the desire for it is sufficient. The host to be made secure in church, so that [Fol. 152.] no mouse or rat may eat it. 62 THE OBJECT OF THIS BOOK. If any crumb of it be lost it must be sought for. If through malice thou Bin gest mass ■without water and a light, thou must do penance till the bishop re- store thee. Fowrty dayes for jjat myschawnce 2012 j?ow schalt be in penauwce. ^ef any crome of hyt be lost, ^erne seche hyt )»ow most, ^ef ]?ow hyt fynde no wey myjte, 2016 j^rytty dayes Jjow rewe hyt ryjte ; And jef J»ow be so vnwys pat jjow synge by malys, Wythowte -water and lyjt also, 2020 And wost welle \)e wonteth bo, pow schalt Jienne for ]>j songe BoJ^e wepe and weyle er a-monge, Tyl J7e byschope of hys ore 2024 To jij songe the restore. The priest to pray for the author, and to remember him when he sings mass. This book ismade to instruct those who have no books of their own, and others of mean lore. w 5[ Oracio opificis opusculi huixxs. 'Ow, dere prest, I pray ]>e, Por goddes lone j^ow pray for me, More I pray J^at )>ow me mynge, 2028 In J7y masse when thow dost synge ; And jet I pray \e, leue broj^er, Eede j^ys ofte, and so lete oj^er, Huyde hyt not in hodymoke, 2032 Lete other mo rede J^ys boke ; The mo j^er-In doth rede & lerne, pe mo to mede hyt schale terne ; Hyt ys I-made hem to schowne 2036 pat haue no bokes of here owne. And o\er )7at beth of mene lore, pat wolde fayn conne more, And J^ow ]>at herc-In lemest most, 2040 Thonke jerne \e holy gost, That jeue]? wyt to vche mon To do )>e gode that he con. And by hys trauayle and hys dede 2044 5eue)> hym heuen to hys mede ; SEVEN QUESTIONS. 63 The mede and ]>e ioye of heuen lyjt God vs graunte For hys myght. Amen. Explicit tractatus qui dicitur pars oculi de latino in anglicum tr«nslatus per fratrem lohannem. myrcus canoni- cnm regularem Monasterij de Lylleshul, emus anime pro- picietwr deus. Amen. LANSDOWNE MS. 762, Fol. 215. Here folowethe vij specially interrogacions The whiche a Curat aught to aske enery cristene persons that lieth^ in the extremytie of deth^. The first. Belevest thowe fully alle the pryncipalle Dost thou be- articles of the Feith^ and also all^ holy scripturs in alle cipai articles of , . „ , . . r. 1 1 -I ^^^ faith and the tnynges alter the exposicione oi the holy & trewe doctours hdy scriptures, and dost thou of holy Chirche & forsakest alle heresies & arrours & forsake heresy ? opynyons dampned by the Chirch^. and arte glad also that thowe shalt dye in the feithe of Criste & in the vnytie & obedience of holy Chirch^ ? The Site persons answerethe, Yee. The second, knowest thowe & knowligest thowe nowe Dost thou know thowe oftene tymes & many maner wise & grevowsely often offended thowe hast offended thy lorde god that made the of nought, for saint Barnard saithe vpon Canticac anticor«e pcntangel de-paynt of pure golde hewej ; He braydej hit by Jie baiide-ryk, a-boute J^e hals kestes pat bisemed j^e segge semlyly fayre." —Sit dnvayne and the Green Knighf, p. 20, 1. 621. The Baudrich or Baldrych of a church bell was the whitleather thong, by which the clapper was suspended from the eye or staple in the crown of the beU. The word is of constant occurrence in old church- wardens' accounts. [1428] ^ohiti Thowi? Basse pw j baudryk y'yi. — Ch. Ace. St. Mary, Stamford, Cotton MS. Vesp. A. 24, f, 3, b. [1498] " Tayd to John Clarke for niakyng of a bawdre to ye bell, Id." [1502] " Payd to John Dalbe for bavdrcc makyng to >c belkj, y\d " — Ch. Ace, Leverton, Co. Line, MS. fol. 6, 8. [If)-] " Paid for makyng of a belle batrey and mending, viijrt'." [153.5] " Payd to roger codder for iij bant res making viV." — Ch. Ace , Kirton in Lindsey, MS. p. 14, 19. NOTE?. 69 1. 49. For illustratious of the history of the clerical tonsure consult Bingham, Antiq. Christ. Church, b. vj. c. iv. Rock, Ch. of our Fathers, V. i. p. 185. Lyndwood, Prorinciale, lib. i. tit. 14, p. 69. Beda, JEccl. Hist. lib. v., c. xxi. Beyerlinck, Ilagmim Thcatrum Vitce ITumance sub voo Tonsura. Martene, Be Antiq. Eccl. Rit. (Venetiis, 1783), vol. ii. p. 14; vol. iii. p. 284, 293, 300, 335; vol. iv. p. 113, 174, 238, 274. P. 3, 1. 59. Schreives. In the older English this word stands for enemies, wretches, or evil disposed persons of either sex. ' ' pe Cristcne men leyde euere on, & slowe euere to grounde, Al clene Jje ssrewen were ouercome in a stoiinde." " He adde endyng, as he wurj^e was, & such yt ys to be a ssrewe." —Rob. G/ouc. ^07,^19. "Such qualite nath noman to beo lechour other sc/ireme." — fop. Treatises on Science, p 133. 1. 82. Hosele, to administer the holy communion, A.S. Hml, an offering, an oblation, and hence the host, as the highest of all offerings. To housel was the ordinary name for the act of giving the communion until the period of the Eeformation. From the earliest times, as far as we know, in this country the altar breads were in the form of wafers — thin and round cakes stamped with some sacred divice or monogram. That they differed from the coarse household bread of the people is indicated by the fact that the sons of Sabert (Soeberht) the Christian king of the East Saxons, circa 604, who had remained out of the Christian fold, when they asked Bishop Melitus, after their father's death, why he would not give them the eucharist of which he had been accustomed to partake, said, as we have their words reported to us in Latin, " quare non et nobis porrigis panem nitidum, quern et patri nostro dabas." Beda, Hist. Eccl. lib. ii. c. 5. These altar breads were frequently called oUeys. Lat. ohlata. It is believed that they M^ere usually made by nuns, or anchoresses. It was so certainly in the ninth century in France. There is a tale told in a contemporary life of St. Wandragesilius, Abbot of Fontenelle, a Benedictine monastery on the Seine, near llouen, of a certain nun who went to the fire for the purpose of baking this bread, holding in her hand the iron stamps for the purpose. " Accessit ad ignem, ferroque quo imprimendae ac decoquendce erant oblatte, arrepto, mox nervi manus ejus dexterse contract! sunt, ac oblatorium quod sponte susceperat, invita, vi agente divina retinuit." Acta Snnct. Julii t. v. p. 290 n. 53. As quoted in Rock. Ch. of our Fathers, v. i. p. 152. The altar breads were of two kinds. The larger, called singing- bread, were used for the sacrifice ; the smaller, called houseling-bread, were used for the communion of the people. They were sometimes kept for sale by country shopkeepers {Gent. May., 1864, pt. ii. 70 NOTES. p. 502). There is preserved in the Rotuli Parliamentorum, 1472-3, a curious petition from Johanna Gljn, widow of John Grlyn, of Morvale, in the county of Cornwall, gentleman, in which she complains of the bad treatment her late husband had received from the hands of certain riotei's. Among other things she says, " The said Riottours, the same day and place toke the said John Glyn and hym ymprisoned, and in the Castell, in prisone hym kept by the space of v oures, aud more, so that noon of his frendes myght come where he was to releve hym with drynk, or staunche his bloode, to th'entent that he shuld have bled to deth, except they suffered a Preste to come to shryve and howsell hym."— Yol. vj. p. 35. In the Privy Purse expences of Henry viij. are several entries similar to the following, the interpretation of which has been held to present a difficulty: — " I^f m the x daye [of April, 1530] paied to maister Weston by way of the kinges rewarde ayenst easter, xxs." '' Item, the same daye, paied by lyke rewarde to the two guilliams and phillippes boye for ther howsell, xs. a pece, xxxs." p. 38 cf. 40, 41, 330. There can be no doubt that the meaning is, that the king presented to the persons named x«. for them to give as an offering at their Easter communion. The little bell, which it was the practice to ring before the holy eucharist when the priest took it to the sick, was called a howslmge bell. See Peacock's Eiig. Chirch Furniture, p. 86. Housel- sippings was the unconsecrated wine which was given at certain times to the lay folk out of the chalice. Bishop John Bale says, '' They will pay no more money for the /io«5e/-sippings, bottom blessings, nor for seyst me and seyst me not above the head and under of their chalices. —Image ofhoth Churches, edit. 1849, p. 526. A houseling-towel or houseling- cloth, was the linen sheet used when the holy communion was received for the purpose of hindering par- ticles thereof from falling on the ground. " A howshjng tewell, off dyaper, with blew melyngs atte the ende, goode." — Ch. Goods, St. JDunstarCs Canterbury. Gent. Mag., 1837, pt. 2, p. 570. A cloth of this kind wos employed at royal coronations until recent times. That of William IV. was the first where it was disused. — Maskell, Mon. Pit. iii. 834. 1. 87. Mid wives were licenced by the bishop of the diocese. These licences continued to be issued till long after the Reformation, The form may be seen in Strype's Annals, vol. i. p. 242. In, Grindal's Articles to he enqiiired into in the Province of Canterbury, a.d. 1576, the fifty-eighth question is, " Whether there be any among you that use sorcery, or witchcraft, or that be suspected of the same, and whether any use any charmes or unlawful prayers, or invocations in Latin or otherwise, and, namely, midwives in the time of woman's travail of child, and whether any do resort to any such help or counsel, and what be their names." — Grindal's Remain^, p. 174. In Bale's Comedye concerninge thre Lawes, 1528, sig. B. iii. b. KOTES. 71 as quoted in Brande's Pop. Antiq., 1813, v, ii. p, 5, we have a notice of some of the superstitious doings of mid wives. " Yea, but now ych am a she, And a good mydwyfe perde, Yonge cliyldi-en can I cbarmc, With whysperynges and whysshynges, With crossynges and with kyssynges. With blasjTiges and with blessynges, That spretes do them no harm." Midwives sometimes murdered children for purposes of magic. Sprenger in his Malleus Malificarum, v. 2, as quoted in Beyerlinck, Mag. Theat. Vitce HwmancB, v. vij. p. 784, b. tells us of the burning of two women of this class, " quia earum vna quadraginta altera in- numerabiles pueros recens in lucem editos necavissent, inditis clam in eorum capita grandibus aciculis." P. 4, 1. 95. De baptismo infantiurn, quos mater in partu laborans, in lucem emittere non valet, ita definiunt antiqua Statuta Synodalia Ecelesias Nemausiensis [Msmes] .... Si vero, muliere in partu laborante, infans extra yentrem matris caput tantura emiscrit, et in tanto periculo infans positus nasci nequiverit, infundant aliqua de obstetricibus aquam super caput infentis dicens, 'Ego baptizo te in nomine Patris,' etc., et erit baptizatus. His concinunt Statuta Synodalia ecclesiae Biterrensis a Guillelmo episcopo anno 1342 edita . . . . ab hac sententia non nihil deflectunt Statuta antiqua ecclesise Ruthensis. Sic enim habent capite sexto : Si vero, muliere in partu laborante infans extra ventrem matris caput tantum emiserit, et in tanto periculo infans positus commode haberi nequiverit, infundet aliquis vel aqua de astantibus aquam super caput infantis dicens. ' Creatura Dei, ego te baptizo in nomine Patris, & Pilii, & Spiritus sancti.' Et erit baptizatus." — Martene, De Antiq. Eccl. Rit. i. 58, 59, where much more relating to this subject may be seen. In the consistorial acts of the Diocese of Rochester, the following document relative to the baptism of a child during birth is preserved. I quote from the Gentleman's Mag. 1785, pt. ii. p. 939. " 1523, Oct. 14. Wazaleth Gaynsford obstetrix examinata dicit in vim juramenti sui sub hac forma verborum. I, the aforesaid Elizabeth, seeing the childe of Thomas Everey, late bom in jeapardy of life, by the authorite of my office, then beyng midwife, dyd christen the same childe under this manner. In the name of the Eader, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, I christen thee, Denys, iffundendrtwi meram aquam super caput infantuli. Intorrogata erat, Whether the childe was born and delivered fi'om the wyfe of the said Thomas ? "Whereto she answereth and saith, that the chUde was not born, for she saw nothyng of the childe but the hedde, and for the perell the childe was in, and in that tyme of nede, she christened as is aforesaid, and cast water with her hand on the childes hede. After which so done, the child© waa 72 NOTES. born, and was had to the churche, where the Priest gave to it that chrystynden that lakkyd, and the childe is yet alyf." 1. 116. In cases of necessity it was permitted to baptize in a wooden vessel, which was to be burned when the ceremony was over, to pre- vent its being used for secular purposes hereafter. Martene, De Antiq. Ecd. Rit. i. 5. 1. 120. Nmje, Annoy, trouble. Old Fr. Anoi from Lat. Odium. " And a ryche man hyt noye]i oftyn tyde pat a pore man hat oghte besyde." — Rob. of Btujine, Handlyiige Synne, p. 187, 1- 5981. P. 5, 1. 133. On roioe, in order. A.S. Raica. " He rehersed be 7-o-iue the rite of Edgare." — Capgrave, Chron. 172. The gild of St. Mary of Boston had, in l.')34, a corporal, which was in part made of rawed satten of brigges," i.e. satin made in rows or stripes. The editor's Church Furniture, p. 205. Lincolnshire people still speak of Turnip raws. 1. 143. Fonts were usually only blessed at Easter and Whitsuntide. When the service of blessing was performed, they were vested in a linen cloth. Martene, Be Antiq. Eccl. Rit. iii. 150. Maskell, Mon. Rit. i. 13, where the service may be found. 1. 153. See exhortation in the Salisbury Or do ad faciendum Catechumenum. Maskell, Man. Rit. i. 14. On the font at Bradley, Co. Lincoln, is inscribed, "Pater iiDsftcr abc marta aiitf crifOc Uren ^e c^glH pt eS mXie," The inscription is coeval with the font, i.e. circa a.d. 1600. 1. 155. " Inhibemus sub poena excoramunicationis, ne aliquae mulieres vel uxores parvulos suos in lectulis suis sccum collocari per- mittant, antequam setatis suae tertium annum impleverint. Quod statutum ad minus semel in anno singulis sacerdotibus volumus pro- mulgari." — Co7istitutiones synodales Sodorenses, a.d. 1291. Cap xiv. in Wilkins' Cone. ii. 177. P. 7, 1. 203. " Debet enim sacerdos hanna in facie ecclesise infra mis- sarum solemnia cum major populi adfuerit multitude, per tres dies solemnes et disjunctas interrogare : ita ut inter unumquemqne diem solemnem cadat ad minus una dies ferialis. Rubric in Ordo ad faciendum Sponsalia.'^ Maskell, Mon. Rit. i. 44. In Lincolnshire the banns of marriage are called spurrings, i.e. askings, from Spere, to enquire; A.S. Spi/rian, to track ; Dutch, Spetiren; Germ. Spuren. In the ancient office the earlier part of the rite took place, " ante ostium ecclesia) coram Deo sacerdote et populo." " Ilusbonds at chirchc dove liave I had fiuc. For I so often haue I-weddcd be." —Chaucer, Wife of Bath, Prolog. Martene has published from an ancient manual of the diocese e;f Rheims the following verses, to aid in calling to mind the different hindrances to wedlock : " Error, conditio, votum, cognatio, crimen, Cultus desparitas, ordo, ligamen, honestas. Si sis affinis, sique coiere nequis." -De A ntiq . Eccl. Kit. ii . 137. P. 8, 1. 241. It was in the Middle Ages, as at present, a matter of obligation for all Catholics to receive the holy communion at Easter-tide, 1. 247. Bed, death, a common provincialism. A Lincolnshire woman told the editor that she "would rather be nibbled to dead with ducks, than live with Miss • ; she is always a nattering." 1. 252. After communion it was the custom for the laity to drink unconsecrated wine, to assist them in swallowing the eucharistic wafer. The purchase of wine for this use sometimes appears in old accounts, and has led to the mistaken notion that it was a common practice in those days to give the communion in both kinds. The following pas- sage from the account rolls of Coldingham is peculiarly liable to this misconstruction. 1364. "In vino empto per annum pro celebracione et pro communione parochianorum ad Pascham xv*- i^^" p. xliv, as quoted in Eock's Ch, of our Fathers, iii. pt. 2, p. 170. In the consti- tutions of Archbishop Peckham, promulgated in 1281, this practice is described in words, of which the text is a simple translation. "Doceant [sacerdotes] etiam eosdem illud, quod ipsis eisdem tempori- bus in calice propinatur, sacramentum non esse, sed vinum purum eis hauriendum, traditum, ut facilius sacrum corpus giutiant quod per- ceperunt." Wilkins, Cone. ii. 52. It was ordained by the Synod of Exeter, a.d. 1287, that there should be in every church as well as the chalice employed in saying mass, a cup of silver or tin to be used when communion was given to the sick. In this cup the priest washed his fingers, and the sick man, after he had communicated, drunk the water. Ihid. ii. 139. The "device for the coronation of King Henry vij." published among the Rutland Papers (Camd. Soc.) p. 22, shows that he and his queen partook of a chalice of this kind at that high ceremony. P. 9, 1. 260. Sad, gravely. "He [Maurice, Lord Berkeley, born 1457] was called by writ to the state of a Baron, and recommended to provide a sadd gentlewoman in Court to wait upon my lady." — Eor- broke's Smith's Lives of the Berheleys, 175. " But ye .... Yse .... to loke so sadly wliaw ye niene merely yt many times me« dowbte whyther ye speke in Sporte -wliaw ye raene good ernest." — Si?- T/i. More, Workes, 1557, p. 127 b. 1. 267. Bordes, Jests, games ; Fr. Bourde ; Dutch, Boerde ; Lat. Burdare, to jest. *' And y shal telle as y kan, A bourde of an holy man." —R. ofBfunne, Handlyng of Synne, p. 287, 1. 9260. 74 " "We have so mocked him with his gospel that we shall find it is no bourding with \axa.y—'}ohn Bradford's Works, v. i. p. 38. '■' Botird not wi' bawtie." — Scottish proverb, Ramsay's Reminiscences of Scottish Life, ii edit. 139. " The sooth board is nae boiird." — Scottish proverb, Redgauntlet, oh. xi. 1. 270. We have evidence here that at the time this poem "was written, it was not a common thing for people to sit on benches in church. Nearly aU the pre-reformation church seats in existence in this country are of the late perpendicular era. Pews were, however, in common use before the Reformation. Sir Thomas More frequently makes mention of them in such a manner as to shew that they were no novelties to him. He tells us "how men fell at varyance for kissing of the pax, or goyng before in procession, or setting of their wines pewes in the church." "We may surmise from this that pews were sometimes restricted to women. A pew seems, from the follow- ing story, to have been the eminence upon which offenders did public penance. " These witnes in dede will not lye ; As the pore man sayd by the priest, if I may be homely to tell you a mery tale by the way. A mery tale, quod I, commith neuer amyse to me. The pore man quod he had founde ye priest oucr famyliar with his wife, and bycause he spake of it a brode and coulde not proue it, the priest sued him before ye bishoppes offyciall for dyffamatyon where ■ the pore man vpon paine of cursynge was commauwded that in his paryshe chyrche, he should upon ye sondaye, at high masse time stande vp & sai, ' mouth, thou lyest.' "Wherupo?^ for fulfilling of hys pena«ce, vp was the pore soule set in a pew, that ye peple might wonder on him and hyre what he sayd. And there all a lowed, (whan he had rehersyd what he had reportyd by the priest) than he sett hes handys on his mouth and said, ' mouth ! mouth, thou lyest.' And by and by ther- upon he set his hand vpon both his eyen & sayd, ' but eyen, eyen,' qMo/m?/jnte." —Rob. Glonc. p. 50 n. " The kyng issued fro his navee blitie'^ — Romans of Park nay, p. 195, 1. 5673. 1. 411. Steiiene, voice. A.S. Stefen. " Whan Litle John heard his master speake, "Well knew he it was his steven." -Robin Hood and Guy of Gisb. I. 210. 1. 419. Gult, trespass, guilt. " Forjif us ouv gultes, also we forjifet oure gultare," — Maskell, ATon. Rit. ij. 238. 1. 420. Fondynge. A.S. Fandian, to try. " Leod us in tol na.fandinge." —MS. Cot. Chop. B. vj. f. 201 in Maskell, Mon. Rit. ij.238. " Lat us noujt hefonded in sinne." —MS. Bibl. Reg. 5 c. v. as above, ij. 239. 1. 422. The "Hail Mary," as at present used by Eoraan Catholics, was unknown in mediaeval England. I believe the Sarum Breviary of 1531 is the earliest authority for the modern form. The Salisbury Primer of 1556 breaks oif at the same point as the prayer in the text. Dr. Rock gives a most interesting dissertation on this prayer in his Church of our Fathers, iii. pt. i. p. 315. P. 16, 1. 499. Dele,Vavt. A.S. i)«7. Part. Sansc. Z>«^, to split ; 78 MOTES. hence, Deal and Dole, to distribute. Deal, a plank or separated piece of M^ood. Deal, at cards. Dole, money, food, or raiment given by way of alms ; to Deal in the way of traffic or merchandize, and, as I think, Bale and Dell, a valley. Before the enclosures in Lincolnshire the word Dale was frequently used to describe the shares of land which the freeholders and copyholders had in the open fields ; this word was con- stantly employed when the portions of land were in such positions that they could not in any way be considered as valleys, e.g. Dimmore dale, Bachester dale, Northorpe gate dale, Black moulde dale, Baytinge cross dale. Dale extra hoxialem de slump cross, Beacon dale, Mount dale, and 2 dales iux^a molendin^/m, in the parish of Kirton in Lindsey. I^orden and Thorpe's Survey of Kirton Soke, 3IS. Puh. Lih. Cantab. Ff. 4, 30. fol. 7. " So ])at )'e meste del of hey men ]>at in Englond bej? Be)) ycome of jie Normans." —Jioi. Glouc. 368. " His mayster loved hym so welle, He fette hym gold every delle." — Child of Bristoxv, Retrosp. Rev. Feb. 1854, p. 204. " Deal on, deal on, my merry men, all Deal on your cake and your wine. For whatever is dealt at her funeral day, Shall be dealt to-morrow at mine." ajtd Will. Percy Relics. " He turn'd his face unto the wa' And death was with him dealan, Adiew ! adiew ! my dear friends a' Be kind to Barbara Allan." — Sir Jolui Grehene and Barbara Allan, Percy s Relics. P. 18, 1. 582. The holy oils used in the Catholic Church were of three kinds — oleum sanctum, oleum chrumatis, et oleum informornm. With the oleum sanctum, the creme of the text, the child was anointed on the breast and between the shoulders, during the intro- ductory part of the baptismal service ere it was plunged in the font or sprinkled with water. When the baptism proper was over it was anointed on the head in the form of a cross with oleum, chrismatis or creme. The oleum, informorum, or sick men's oil, was the oil • used in the service of extreme unction. The oil used for this purpose was made from olives. With the chrism was mingled swcet-smcUing balsam. The consecration took place on Holy Thursday. MaskeU, Mo)i. Rit. i. 22. Rock, Ch. of our Fathers, iij. pt. ij. p. 79. The three little bottles in which these oils were preserved were kept in a box called a chrismatory. This little chest was usually oblong in form, with a crested lid, somewhat like the Noah's Arks children are NOTES. 79 wont to play with. It was often called an oynting-box, oil-box, or creme-box. 1. 585. Ore, grace, mercy. Old Norse, eira. ' ' Cryde hym mylce & ore." —Rob. Gloiic. 381. P. 20. I. 651. ^(?/-W(?, earnestly. A.S. Georne. " He bed him )erne vor to a bide." —Rob. Clone. 487. 1. 654. The sacrament of confirmation can, in ordinary cases, be administered by a bishop only. In some instances this power has been delegated to a priest. At these times the oil has been blessed by one of the episcopal order. 1. 660. suite. A.S. Stoc, a stake, from stingan, to thrust in, to prick, to sting. Dut. and Ger. Stock. Fr. Estoc. Ital. Stocco. Lat. Truncus. Hence, Kohj- Water-Stock, the pillar or post on which the holy water vessel was fixed. The Stocks, an instrument of correction. Stocks, the frame on which a ship is built. Stocks, public monies. Stock, a race or family. Stock, the store or fixed things on a farm. Stock, the stiff bandage round the neck. To stock, a North country word for to bar or bolt a door. Stock-Lock, a lock fixed upon a door. Stock, the handle of any thing. Stook, twelve sheaves of corn sttick upright, their upper ends inclining towards each other like a high pitched roof. Stock-Dove, the dove that lives in trees. Stoothes, thin spars of wood used in house building. Stoccade, a fence of stakes. Stock, a gilliflower, so called, says Skinner, "quia tum radix turn caulis instar ligni solida et dura sunt." Stoker, a man who sticks, i.e. pushes, pokes, or stirs the fire. Stockfish, so called " quia durus est instar Stocci, i.e. Trunci sen Caudicis," or because it is so hard that it requires beating with a stick to make it fit for eating. Stocken, a Lincoln- shire word, signifying stopped in growth, choked with food or filled with water, as a sponge ; and the family names of Stock, Stocks, and Stookes. " A hallie water sfocke of stone at the church dore with a sprinckle of a stick."— 1666. C/i. Goods Destroyed at Gretford. Ve?iCOc\.'B Ch. Furniture, 'd\. [1579]. " Payd to James battman xijj-. ix^., by the collectors, for the poore, wich was layd owt of the common stook befor for Gouldes childe." — Kirton in Lindsey Ch. Accts. p. 71. [1419]. " In xxiiij. paribus ligaturarum ferri cum mieis et V stokloks ab eod^m emptis, IOj. id."—Fabi-ic Rolls of York Minster, 38. [1519.] " Oftyn tymes the dure is stokked, and we parsons & vicars cannot get brede, wyne, nor water." — Ibid. 268. [1641]. " Those that binde and stooke are likewise to have %d. a day, for bindinge and stookiftge of winter corne is a man's labour." — Best's Far/ning Book, 43. [1552-3]. "For settinge in ij. stothes and mendyng the wall of the receiver's chalmer over the stare."— Howden Roll, 5-6 Edward VI. Quoted in Fabric Rolls of York Minster, 355. P. 21, 1. 668. The person confirmed was anointed with chrism, in the form of a cross; afterwards, out of reverence for the chrism, the 80 ^'OTES. forehead was bandaged with a white linen band. The Ordo Romanm provides that this ligature should be worn for seven days. This was supposed to shadow forth the seven-fold gifts of the Holy Ghost, con- ferred by the rite ; " Spiritus sapientia3 et intellectus, Spiritus consilii et fortitudinis, Spiritus scientise et pietatis et Spiritus timoris Domini." The length of time these fillets were retained varied in different places. The Council of Worcester, a.d. 1240, provided that they should be worn but three days. This is stated to have been in honour of the Trinity. They were to be removed in church by the priest, who was instructed to wash the foreheads of the confirmed, and to pour the water into the font. The bandages were usually ordered to be burnt. In some cases, however, it seems that they were reserved to be used as napkins for the priest to wipe his hands upon after using the holy oils. "Yero ad human os usus nullatenus transferatur, sed comburatur, vel in usus muridos ecclesia^ deputetur." This passage is glossed, "Forte ad abstergendas manus post sacrorum oleorum contrectationem." — Martene, De Antiq. Eccl. Rit. i. 92 ; iv. 417. 1. 684. The English form of the greater excommunication, re- printed by Mr. Maskell, Mon. Rit. ij. 286, differs in many particulars from the one here given. It is much longer. I have not succeeded in discovering any Latin form that tallies in all particulars with the one in the text. It is probable that each diocese possessed its own special cursing service, and that this varied from time to time in accordance with the fluctuations of the sins of the people. Several Latin forms of this nature have been printed by Wilkins, Cone. ij. 29, 35, 56, 161, 240, 300, 678, and Martene, Be Antiq. Eccl. Rit. ij. 314, 322, 325. P. 22, 1. 711. The use of fraudulent measures and weights was most severely punished in the Middle Ages, There was perhaps not a country in Europe where the rogues who resorted to these practices were exempt from excommunication. Certainly there was no part of the civilized world where the State dealt so leniently with this form of oppression of the poor as it does in Britain at present. In these matters we were far wiser four hundred years ago. Here is a speci- men of a manner in which the Londoners of old time handled criminals of this class : — " If any default shall be found in the bread of a baker of the city, the first time, let him be drawn upon a hurdle from the Guildhall to his own house, through the great streets where there may be most people assembled, and through the great streets that are most dirty, with the faulty loaf hanging from his neck. If a second time he shall be found committing the same offence, let him be drawn through the great street of Chepe, in manner aforesaid, to the pillory ; and let him be put upon the pillory, and remain there at least one hour in the day. And the third [time that such] default shall be found, he shall be drawn, and the oven shall be pulled down, and the baker [made to] foreswear the trade within the city for ever." Liber Albus, book iij. pt. ij. p. 265. I have used Mr. Eiley's translation, p. 232. NOTES. 81 All measures in London were to be sealed by the alderman of the ward in which the user dwelt, either with his own private seal or the seal of the chamber. If any measures were found upon trial to be smaller than they should be, they were to be burnt forthwith in the chief street of the ward, and the name of the culprit who had used them was to be presented to the chamberlain that he might be fined. — Ihid. 290. Manor courts have exercised the right of assize of bread and ale from very ancient times. The practise has not yet been abolished by statute. The charge to the Court Leet Jury, as given by William Sheppard, in his Court Keeper's Guide,^ 2nd edit., 1650, contains the following passages : — "You are to inquire of deceits and other offences in trade and traffique, and such as are imployed therein ; of all such as either make or sell deceitfull wares, or use deceit in that they sell ; as if a butcher blow up his meat, or the like ; or if a tradesman sell by false weights and measures, or by two ; that buy by greater and sell by lesser measures ; or if bakers and brewers keep not the assize, the prices, and quantities, according to the writing of the Marshalsie, that either sel lesse in weight or measure, or take more in price then is set down. For these offences they are to be amerced as you shall think fit If any baker in any city, town, corporate, or market town, make or sell any horse-bread which is not of lawfull assize, and a reasonable weight, after the price of corn and grain in the market adjoining; or if any hostler, or Inholder, dwelling in any city, &c., make horse- bread in his hostrie, or without, or not sell their horse-bread, and their hay, oats, beans, pease, provender, and all kinde of yictuall, both for man and beast, for reasonable gain." 51-53. On the ale-taster of each manor devolved the duty of regulating the assize of bread and ale. The oath which he took may be seen in Sir William Scoggs' Practise of Court-Leet, 1714, p. 15. The following is a specimen of the manner in which the fines for breaches of the bread and ale assize were usually entered in court rolls. The editor quotes from the records of the manor of Bottesford, Co. Lincoln, of which he is the lord. He is sorry to add that the good practice here recorded has long fallen into disuse, though the evil it was intended to remedy still exists. [1569]. " De vx£)re Eobtrti Symond quia vencI/(//V sexeYiciam & panew con/ra Bssisam, ijj." There are few things more wanted by antiquaries than a good treatise on the weights and measures of the Middle Ages. They differed almost in every county, often in adjoining parishes. In the Isle of Axholme, and other parts of the Hundreds of Manley and Corringham, a bushel is not, as elsewhere, one-eighth of a quarter, but double that measure. The strike or half-bushel represents there the legal bushel of eight pecks. The following is the earliest instance of the use of this local measure I have seen. Its origin is, no doubt, 82 NOTES. mucli more remote. In the time of Edward VI., the precise year not noted, the chiu'chwardens of Kirton in Lindsey sold sundry parcels of "lyane," line, or flax seed. " To thomas Smyth, of brege, iii. quartores, nijs. to vfiUiaffi redar, of ye same, i. qiiartor, xvjd. to B.jc/mrd 'H.araston, a bowyssyll, iiijV. to ye glover of ha-rton, a bowyssyll, iiij(/. to 'Rjc/ia7-d Vavkj-ng, of Asbey, ij. ({tm^ioYes balyf, iijj. iiij^. to ]ie glower of hebarstowe, half a quarter, viij^/." — Kirton in Lindsey Ch. Accts. p. 13. 1. 716. This was no doubt levelled against all persons hearing false witness against wills; but was especially directed against those who made false statements regarding nuncupative wiUs. These verbal testaments were very common in the Middle Ages. They had to be proved in the spiritual court of the diocese by persons who had been present at their making, and were from the absence of written record; and the fact that the testator frequently had none but persons interested in his will about him during his sickness, peculiarly liable to fraud. Jacobs' Lmo Bid., ml voc. Mmcnpative Will, cf. Gabrielis Yazquez, lie Testamentis, cap. i, vj. in Opuscula Moralia, Lugd. 1631, p. 238. 1. 726. Abortio vide Benedicti Carpzovii Rerum Criminalium, pars i. Quaest. sj. Lipsife, 1723, p. 42. P. 23, 1. 728. Listening under walls and windows was a crime at common law. It was one of the duties of a Court Leet Jury to inquire after and present the common drunkard and ale-house haunter, the frequenter of brothels, the common barrator, or strife raiser, ''the evesdropper, he that doth hearken under windowes, and the like, to hear and then tell newes to breed debate between neighbours. The night walker, he that sleepeth by day, and walketh by night," and hedge breakers, rogues, vagabonds and sturdy persons, who wander up and down. Sheppard, Court Keepefs Guide, p. 48. Cf. Scroggs, Practise of Courts- Leet, 1714, p. 9. Jacobs' Complete Court Keeper, 1731, p. 34. On the 4th of October, 1492, the jury of the manor of Kirton in Lindsey presented that " WiU/f/mj^s helyfeld Will?V?ra?, and as belt J^at is he ai gird ■wi]»." — Wicliffe's [?] Lollard Doctrines, Camd. Soc. p. 24. [1473] " ij. kerchyrys for to hele the sacrament." — Boy's Sandwich, 374. P. 35, 1. 1145. Our ancestors, like children, delighted in bright and strongly contrasted colours. Party-colom-ed garments were very common. They frequently, though not always, had an heraldic signi- fication. In some highly interesting illuminations representing the CoTirts of Law of the time of Henry VI., published by the late Mi\ Comer, in the Archceologia, v. 39, p. 357, the Serjeants and most of the ofiieials are represented in party-coloured robes. When Charles first Duke of Manchester went as ambassador to Venice [1696 or 1707], his servants wore liveries of this kind. What was once an honourable costume became in time, by a process of degradation well known to antiquaries, the badge of a degrading oflce. In quite modem days the executioner at Palermo was clad, when on duty, in a party-coloured dress of red and yellow. — lUd. 372. P. 36, 1. 1174. Brawe on tret, drawn out, drawn at length, come to a point. I have not met with the phrase elsewhere. P. 39, 1. 1287. Wedde, a pledge. A.S. Wed (from Goth. Wlth-an, to join, to bind). Dut. Wedde. Belg. Wedden. Hence Wed, to marry. Wedding, Wedloch. Wedhedrip, the customary service under- tenants paid to their lords in cutting corn and other harvest works. " 1325. Eobertus Filius Nicholai Germayn tenet uniim messuagiura & dimidiam virgatam in bondagio ad voluntatem Domini & debet unam aruram in Teme & unani sarculaturam & debet Wedbedrip pro voluntate Domini." — Paroch. Antiquit. 401 in Cowel, snb voc. Wadset, a mortgage. A Scottish law term. Sandford's Treatise on Entails in Scotl. 262. P. 41, 1. 1328. All men were not bound to fast to the same degree, or in the same manner. The fasts of the monastic orders were harder to bear than those of lay people, and the monks differed much among themselves in the severity, order, and frequency of their fasts. Each diocese had its own rules, so that it sometimes happened that the dwellers on one side of a street were merrily feasting, while those on the other were mortifying themselves on fish. This was the case in Cheapside, in the sixteenth century, where one row of the houses 87 happened to be in the diocese of Canterbury, and the opposite one in that of London (Pilkington's TForh, Parher Soc.,557). Bishops had authority in their respective dioceses to grant dispensations from all fasts. The Crown seems to have exercised a co-ordinate jurisdiction. Several licences not to fast may be found on the Patent Eolls, and memoranda relating to the same o:'der of things may be found in many other places among our public records, e.ff. in 1222 or 1223, John the son of Henry was indebted to the king in four marks " pro licentia comedendi," half of which sum he had paid into the treasury, and the rest was still owing {Mac/. Rot. 7, R. 3, Rot. 11, a. Evenv. as quoted in Madox, Hid. Exclieq;mr, 1711, p. 353). Licences of this sort con- tinued to be in use long after the Reformation ; one dated 9th February, 1580-1, is preserved, by which the Archbishop of Canterbury, Edmund Grindal, permits Sir Edward Ve;:ney, of Penley, Ejiight, to eat flesh on days forbidden, for the term of his life, on the ground that a diet of fish disagreed with him ; he received also the additional favour of being permitted to share these pleasures of the table with his wife and any three other persons whom be might select ( Verney Pa2)ers, 85). A similar licence, by Thomas Westfield, S.T.D., rector of the church of St. Bartholomew the Great, London, granted in the year 1639 to Mrs. Mary Anthony, wife of John Anthony, of the same parish, Doctor of ''Phisick," was printed at length in the Gentleman's Magazine for April, 1812, p. 314. The churchwardens of this parish received on behalf of the poor for licences such as these il. vjs. viijf?. from noblemen, and vjs. viijV/. from those of lower degree. In Scot- land it would seem that after the Eeformation these licences were granted by the civil power, without even a pretence of ecclesiastical authority. — Ihid. p. 24. P. 41, L 1352. Si/hhe, akin. A.S. Sih, Gesihb. " A woman may in no lesse sinue assemble with her Godsib, than with her own fleshly father." — Chaucer, Parsoti's Talc ; De luxuria. " A Stuarts are na' sib to the king." — Scottish Proverb, Eamsay's Scottish Life and Charac, p. 145. " By the religion of our holy church they are ower sibb thegither." — Antiquary, ch. xxxiii. The word is still used in Lincolnshire, e.g. " our Marmaduke is sih to all the gentles in the country, though, he has come down to lead coals." — Circa, 1856. 1. 1355. Ankeras, a female ankret. The ankrets were persons bound by vows to lead a solitary life. They usually dwelt in the church, sometimes in a little lodge adjoining. Their duty when in holy orders was to say mass, evensong, etc., and to assist the parochial clergy ; probably also to clean the sacred vessels, and take care of the church furniture. The duties of the ankress were much the same as those of the ankret who was not in holy orders. She sometimes, 88 MOTES. though it would seem more rarely, lived within the church. In 1383 William de Belay, of Lincoln, left to an ankress named Isabella, who dwelt in the church of the Holy Trinity, in Wigford, within the city of Lincoln, 135. Ad. In 1391 John de ' Sutton left her 205; in 1394 John de Ramsay left her \2d,. Besides these she had numerous other legacies from dying citizens, who at that awful crisis were reminded, most touchingly, perhaps, by the severe mortification of one whom they had almost daily before their eyes of the higher life and narrower way which they in health and prosperity had shrunk from or for- gotten. In 1453 an ankress named Matilda supplied the place of Isabella, who, we may suppose, had long since gone to her reward. In that year John Tilney, one of the Tilneys of Boston (See ped. in Thompson's Hist. 373), left " Domine Matilde incluse infra ecclesiam Sancte Trinitatis ad gressus in civitate Lincoln, vjs. viij^?." In 1502 Master John Watson, a chaplain [capellanus] in Master Robert riemyng's Chantry, left si^d. to the ankers [ankress?] at the Greese Foot. This church of the Holy Trinity, "ad gressus," seems to have been for a long period the abode of a female recluse. It was called "ad gressus" on account of standing at the bottom of the steep flight of stairs by which men ascended from the lower to the higher city. A street or highway, called the New-road, now passes over the once hallowed spot. The remains of those who slept within its inclosure have, I believe, been dispersed. The steps from which the church took its name are now named the Greecen or Greetstone Stairs. In Norfolk stairs are called grissens. I am informed they are still spoken of as grices in Lincolnshire, but have myself never heard the word. It was not obsolete here in 1566. " The steers or g)yses coming vpp to the altare." — Mon. Sup, Folkingham, in Peacock's Ch. Fur. 81. John Haster, a goldsmith, kept a shop at "the mynster greases," at York, in 1510. He was presented at the visitation for having suspicious persons in his house at " unconvenient tymes." — Detecta QufBdam in Visitat. Ehor. Surtees' Soc. 35, p. 262. Thomas Hearne has printed an episcopal commission, dated 1402, for shutting up John Cherde, a monk of Ford Abbey. Trokelowe's Annals, 263. It would seem that an episcopal licence was necessary ere a man or woman could assume this manner of life. Richard Francis, an ankret, is spoken of as "inter quatuor parietes pro Christo inclusus." — Langt. Chron. ij. 625. P. 42, 1. 1365. Chjppinge, embracing, hence cutting. A.S. Chjppany to embrace. " Qua]) blauncheflur ich com anon, Ac floriz dcppoi here bigon," —Floris and Blanch f. 67, 594, " To clippen & kissen they counten in touncs, The damoseles that to the dauncc sewc." —Plowman's Tale, Edit. 1687, p. 165. NOTES. 89 A Lincolnshire peasant said to the editor, concerning one of her neigh- bours, that " She clipped and cuddled the bairn as thof she'd never seen it sin Candlemas." We still talk here of sheep clipping for sheep shearing. P. 45, 1. 1458. The holy-bread, the holy-loaf, or eulogia, was ordinary leavened bread cut into small pieces, blessed, and given to the people after mass was over. The idea entertained by some persons at the period of the Reformation, and in subsequent times, that this rite was instituted as a substitute for the Holy Communion is erroneous. Modern writers have sometimes even confounded the two. Holy Vread had nothing sacramental in its nature : it was used in the ]|aanner of the ancient love-feasts as a type of the Christian fellowship that should exist among those who were of the household of faith. This practise was once almost universal in "Western Christendom, and prevailed to some extent among the Greeks, where it was called 'AvTiScopa. It has now gone entirely out of use in this country. I believe, however, it is still distributed in some of the dioceses of France. Thomas Becon, Archbishop Cranmer's chaplain, speaks of it in his catechism. He says that " because the people should not be altogether without some outward thing to put them in remembrance of the body-breaking and blood-shedding of Christ, the Papists have brought into the Church two ceremonies, that is to say, holy-hread and holy-water ; and they every Sunday minister them to the common people instead of the honourable sacrament of the body and blood of Christ, by giving them the bread to eat, and by casting the water on their faces." It was customary in early times for the receivers to carry home this " panis benedictus." It was said that in the fifteenth century some people used to employ it as a charm, and on that account carry it about their persons. One of Cranmer's articles of enquiry, published in the second year of Edward VI., is " whether any person hath abused the ceremonies, as in casting holy water upon his bed, or bearing about him holy bread, St. John's Gospel, ringing of holy bells, or keeping of private holy days, as tailors, bakers, brewers, smiths, shoemakers, and such other." One of the demands of the Devonshire men, who, in 1549, rose in arms to fight for the restoration of the old religion, was that they might "have holy -bread and holy- water every Sunday." The martyrologist Poxe gives us the words which Hugh Latimer was wont to use when he distributed the holy loaf to his flock : - "Of Christ's body this is the token, Which on the cross for your sins was broken ; Wherefore of youi- sins you must be forsakers, If of Christ's death ye -vvill be partakers." It was decreed by the Constitutions of Giles de Bridport, Bishop of Salisbury, a.d, 1254, that the parishioners should provide the holy loaf every Sunday. The order in which it was provided in the parish of Stanford-in-the-Vale, Co. Berks., may be seen from au 90 NOTES. extract from the diurch account book of that parish, published by Dr. Eock. There were "ij. haUy-lrede basckatts" among the goods belonging to St. Olave's, Southwark, in 1558. In 1566, at Gonwarby, iu Lincolnshire, "one hally bred skeppe [was] sold to Mr. Allen, and he maketh a baskett to carrie ffishe in." In the Sacristy of St. Andrew, at Yercelli, is stiU preserved a curious knife with a box-wood handle, carved with the occupations of each month of the year. This instrument is thought to have been intended for cutting the blessed bread. It has an additional interest to Englishmen from the fact that it is believed to have once belonged to St. Thomas of Canterbury. Bingham's Antiq. ed. 1834, v. 300, 322. Rock's Ch. of our FatKers, i. 135-140. Becon's Catech. ed. 1844, 260. Cranmer's Works, ed. Pox, ii. 158, 503. Wilkins' Cone. i. 714. Peacock's Ch. Fur. 86, 96. Gent. Mag. 1837, i. 492. Hart's Ecd. Records, 205, 294. 1. 1465. Lychwake. A.S. lie, a body; ivceccan, to watch. The Lake-wake or Lyke-wake was the watching of the corpse, common among all simple-minded people. It arose out of some of the holiest instincts of our nature, but has at all times been liable to foul corrup- tion. We have ample evidence that these death watchings often degenerated in the Middle Ages into riotous festivals. The custom is not extinct in Ireland, Scotland, or Sweden. I believe it still lingers in the IS'orthern Shires of England. John Aubrey has pre- served in his Remains of Gentilisme Sf Judaisme, Lansd. MS. 231, fol. 114, an account of these festivous funeral rites taken from the lips of "Mr. Mawtese, in whose fathers youth scilieet about 60 yeares since [1686 now] at country vulgar Puneralls was sung this song." "At the Puneralls in Yorkshire to this day they continue the custome of watching & sitting vp all night till the Body is interred. In the interim some kneel downe and pray (by the corps), some play at cards, some drink & take Tobacco : they have also Mimicall playes & sports, e.g. they choose a simple young fellow to be a Judge, then the Suppliants (having first blacked their they play likewise hands by rubbing it under the bottome of the Pott) at Hott-cockies. beseech his JjordsMj) and smutt all his face. The beleefe in Yorkshire was amongst the vulgar (&, perhaps is in part still) that after the parsons death, the Soule went over Whinnimore, and tiU about i(^-,n at the Puncrall a woman came [like a Prcefica], and sung the following Song : — This ean night, this can night, eve[r]y night and awle ; 91 Fii-c and Fleets and Candle-light, ' water. and Christe recieve thy Sawle. When thou from hence doest pass away, every night and awle, To Whinny-moore thou comcst at last, and Christ recieve thy^ Sawle. « 'siUy, poor,' intei- If ever thou gave either hosen or shun, every night and awle. Sitt thee dowue and putt them on, and Christ recieve thy Sawle. But if hosen nor shoon thou never gave nean, every night, etc. The Whinnes ^ shall prick thee to the bare beane, * Furze. and Christ recieve thy Sawle. From Whinny-moor that thou raayst pass, every night, etc. To Brig o' Dread, thou comest at last, and Christ, etc., no bradcr than a thread. [foi. 114 6.] From Brig of Dread that thou mayst pass, every night, etc. To Purgatory fire thou com'st at last, and Christ, etc. If ever thou gave either Milke or drinke, every night, etc. The fii-e shall never make thee shrink, and Christ, etc. But if milk nor drink thou never gave nean, every night, etc. The Fii-e shall burn thee to the bare bene, and Christ recieve thy Sawle. A version of this strange dirge, varying In a few minute particulars, was printed by Sir Walter Scott, in his Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (Edit. 1861, ii. 135-142). I should have imagined that it had been derived from the same MS. as the above, had not Sir Walter spoken of it in such a manner as to induce us to believe that it was stni the custom to sing it at funerals when he made his great collec- tion of oral poetry. His words are — " This is a sort of charm sung by the lower ranks of Eoman Catholics in some parts of the north of England, while watching a dead body previous to interment. The tune is doleful and monotonous, and joined to the mysterious import of the words has a solemn effect." It is possible that these verses may yet linger as a tradition among the peasantry of the North of England. If so, it is much to be desired another copy should be procured. The above is evidently corrupted in several places. In an account of some matters relating to the neighboiu'hood of 92 NOTES. Gisborough, written about the end of the sixteenth century by a cor- respondent of Sir Thomas Challoner, who signed himself H. Tr we have the following curious picture. There cannot be much, doubt tbat the "songe" which "certaine women singe," was of the same nature if not identical with the verses preserved by John Aubrey. "When any dieth certaine women singe a songe to the dead body, recytinge the iomey that the p«rtie deceased must goe, and they are of beleife (such is their fondnesse) that once in their lines yt is good to giue a payre of newe shoes to a poore man, forasmuch as after this life they are to passe barefoote through a greate launde full of thornes & furzen, excepte by the meryte of the Almes aforesaide, they have redemed their forfeyte : for at the edge of the launde an aulde man shall meete them w/th the same shoes that were giuen by the partie when he was liuinge, and after he hath shodde them he dismisseth them to goe through thicke and thin w/thout scratch or scalle." — Cotton MS. Julms, F. vi. fol. 438 h. P. 46, 1. 1503. " Now turn again, turn again, said the Finder, For a wrong way you have gone, &c., For you have forsaken the kings highway. And made a path over the corn," &c. — The Pindtr of Wakefield d^ Robin Hood. There was in former days a very strong feeling of dislike against those persons who trod down growing corn. The sentiment was more intense than the mere money loss warranted. In times when famines were probable contingencies, people realized more fully than they do now the wickedness of destroying human food. The feeling has happily not as yet died out among our rural poor. P. 48, 1. 1497. The ecclesiastical councils of Christendom have frequently prohibited unclean beasts being allowed to feed in church- yards. In some parts of Denmark the intrusion of cattle in grave- yards is prevented by an iron grating being fixed in the gateway, under which a deep hole has been excavated. Over this men and women can walk with ease, but sheep and pigs are unable to do so as theii- feet slip between the bars. Hamilton's Sixteen Months in the Danish Isles, i. 135. P. 51, 1. 1658. Quede, wicked = the devil, Dutch, Quade, eril. " He so liaveth of fur mest, he schal bee smal and red, other blak with crips her, lene, and somdel qited." — Pop, Treatises on Science, 138. " And lete me neuere falle In boondis to the queed." — Hymns to Virg. and Christ, p. 6, 1. 18. 1. 1671. Dead men's bones, corpses in process of decay, worms devouring putrid bodies, and similai' subjects, were objects of frequent NOTES. 93 contemplation to our forefathers. The abbots of the Carthusian order, when in chapter, had a human skull laid before them. Many- mediaeval monuments survive where the deceased is represented as an emaciated corpse or a fleshless skeleton. See Notes and Queries, 1st series, v. 247, 301, 353, 427, 497; vi. 85, 252, 321, 345, 393, 445, 520 ; vii 439. Douce's Holbein's Dance of Death, passim. Shakespere had evidently been deeply affected by suchHke objects of contem- plation. P. 53, 1. 1719. This shows that the author took it for granted that there would be in every chui'ch a sanctus bell, which would be rung to turn men's thoughts to God at the moment of consecration. P. 54, 1. 1763. ^op, wary. A.S. Geap, crooked, deceitful, cunning. " He sf ijtle? stif in stalle Ful ]cp in }iat nw zere." — Sir Gawayne and the Greett Knight, p. 4, 1. 104. P. 58, 1. 1872. mdl, cover. A.S. Helan. The act of shelling beans or peas, or removing the outer husk of walnuts, is called hulling in Lincolnshire. Pods or husks are hulls. P. 59, 1. 1937. Coppe, a spider, A.S. Attercoppa, literally a poison head, cup, or bag. Cobweb is a corruption of coppe-web. There is a wonderful tale in the preface to Hearne's Langloft's Chron. p. cc, of three persons being poisoned by the venom of an atturcoppe, of whom two died, and the third was so near death that he made his will, and in all other Avays got ready for his departure, when, happen- ing to think of Saint "Winefrede and of the mii-aclcs wrought by her, he induced his mother to go to her shrine and offer a candle there, and "brynge hym of J^e water \ixi her bones were wasschon yn." With the use of this water he soon recovered, and as a thank-offering he presented at her shrine an image of silver. The account does not say what the image represented. I presume it was a figure either of him- self or of the saint who had helped him, perhaps the spider also was Bhewn. — See Prompt. Parv. sub vac. Richardson's Diet, sub Cobweb. 94 GLOSSARIAL Il^DEX. A-bregge, abridge, A-corest, accursed, Accursen, accurse, A-ferd, frightened. Still used in North Lincoln- shire, Agen, against, A-go, gone, Al-gate, anyhow, always, Als, as, A-bygge, abide, Amendment, An-elet, anointed, Annoynted, A-nont, upon, Ankeras, Ankress, An- choress, a female her- mit, A-pert, openly, Arrours, errors, Artykele, article, Aster, Easter, At ene, at once, A-tent, intent, Auter, altar, A-vys, advice, A-vow, A-voue, vow, PAGE LINE, 50 1629 26 847 ^21 685 [24 756 44 1447 22 715 38 1252 47 1526 48 1560 58 1878 13 394 32 1055 61 2010 25 760 56 1812 21 670 60 1961 41 1355 48 1559 44 1448 63 14 458 5 143 2^1 3 82 29 952 57 1867 8 226 13 396 Axtree, axletree, Ay, ever, Ajte, ought, Backbyte, backbiting, Baldely, plainly, Baselard, a dagger, Bawdryke, a belt, Be-bled, blodied, Beleue, belief, Ben, be, Benefyces, benefits, Bere, noise, uproar, | „ Beren, bear, Be-stad, bestood, circum- stanced, Bete, make better = heal, save, cure, Beth, be, Bicquest, Bifor, before, BiUes, Blyue, quickly, Bollyng, bull baiting, Bondes, Boo, both, Bordes, jests, games, Boren, born, PAGE. LINE. 11 334 14 542 48 1556 39 1267 35 1132 2 48 2 48 59 1934 12 366 16 526 10 317 8 240 .276,289 21 688 45 1474 16 515 1 6 23 746 16 22 709 13 394 43 1418' 1 1 n. 21 663 1 3 9 267 18 588 40 1325 23 726 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 95 Brenne, burn, i PAGE 4 21 LINE. 116 668 Conne, know, Consenten, PAGE 1 22 LINE. 16 693 Brenner, burner, 54 1767 Connynge, knowing, 46 1512 Bussbelles, 22 711 Consentoures, consentors 22 721 But, except, 23 738 Contrycyone, 50 1624 By-dene, presently, at Coppe, spider. A.S. atter- once. 58 1870 copim, a spider, lit. a By-forn, before, 16 519 poison head, poison By-gylet, beguiled. 40 1299 bag, or poison cup. 59 1937 Byspyng, bislioping= Corne, 22 721 confirmation, 20 646 Corporas, a linen cloth By-taghte, taught. 48 1580 used in the service of By-twynne, between, 7 220 the mass, Cosynage, cousinhood, 59 1922 CandeU, j 24 777 relationship, 6 168 58 1875 Cotteyng, quoiting, play- Canons, 24 769 ing at quoits, 11 n. Caste, 36 1182 Couetyse, covetousness. 39 1-281 Casteth, plots, contrives. 49 1595 Counter, contrary, 51 1665 Castynge, vomiting, 61 2000 Court, 27 877 Chafare, merchandize, Couth, known. 27 n. exchange, barter. A.S. Cowj7e, could. 19 619 C(?tt^, a bargain. Hence Cowpulle, copulation, 7 194 the family name Creawnce, credence. 55 1788 Chaffers, 40 1299 Creme, holy oil, 18 582,634 Chames, charms, spells. 12 368 Cristendom, 23 725 Charmes, 23 734 Crome, crumb. 62 2013 Charter of fforest. 24 784 Croys, cross. 14 437 Charters, charters, 23 732 Crysme, holy oil. 18 582 Chast, chaste, 2 21 Cunnen, can, 8 237 Chaunge, change, 20 638 Cuppes, 22 712 Chost, strife, | 11 45 338 1477 Curatowre, curate. 31 1023 Churchay, churchyard. ' Dampne, damn, 25 758 A.S. cyrice, church. 11 n. Dawe, days, 1 5 Meg, hay, gi'ass, or 23 n. Ded, death, 8 247 hege, a hedge or fence, , Deden, did. 17 556 Chyrche, church, 16 527 Dedeyn, disdain, 35 1159 Clause]?, cleanseth. 17 528 Dedlyche, deadly. 33 1081 Clyppyng, embracing = Defendant, 23 738 cutting, clipping, 42 1365 Defoulen, defile, pollute 23 741 Cloystrere, cloisterer = Dele, part. 16 499 monk, canon, 47 1523 Deme, sentence. 16 523 Comyu, common. 23 748 Departen, separate, 24 756 Comyn woramon, harlot, 41 1358 Departyng, departure = Confermynge, 17 529 death, 23 746 96 GLOSSARIAT, INDEX. Derrer, dearer, Despuyte, dispute, Destrojen, Dcstruye, destroy, Deuors, divorce, Diffame, Disapulcs, disciples, Distroubleth, troubleth. Domes-day, Drawo on tret, Droken, drunken, Dronkelec, Dronkelewe, di'unkenness, Dronken, Dryjt, the Lord Jesus Christ. A.S. drihtcn, Dyuynyte, Dyjte, dispose = deck, adorn. A.S. dihtan, Eghj^e, eighth, j Eine, even, Eke, also, Elde, age, Ellen, ells, Ellus, else, Elyng, healing, Enchewe, eschew, Ensaumpul, ensample, Enuyet, envied, Eschewe, Euenyng, equal, Executorcs, Experimontcs, Eyres, heirs, Eysel, vinegar, A.S. EisiUy Fabul, Fable, Falsen, make false, forge, 22 Fanoun, a maniple, one of the vestments worn Fare, go, PAGS . LINK. 12 383 21 673 22 692 38 1240 7 197 22 707 24 768 22 717 IG 521 36 1173 20 631 2 31 19 623 14 426 14 456 57 1867 IC 497 21 665 22 705 9 275 8 236 22 713 48 1556 17 533 2 28 15 472 22 703 38 1229 20 637 38 1229 23 944 23 733 23 732 58 1884 18 578 22 709 59 1917 9 265 PAGE. LINE. Fare, proceeding, custom, 1 1 332 1 5 12 362 25 816 46 1513 24 781 13 Faren, Fay, faith, Fayre, go. Fell, j ^^^^P^ Fende, fiend, Ferde, fear. Fere, undaunted. Dan. For. O.N. Fccrr, Fere, fellowship. Fere, companion = wife, Ferus, companion, Fey, faith, Feynet, feigned, Feyntyse, faintness, Feyre, fair. Fir, for, Flette, flat = floor, Flotterer, a ship man, a sailor, Folyly, foolishly, Folghthe, baptism, | , ^ Folowe, baptise, 3 Folwynge, baptism. A.S. FulluM, 5 Fondyng, trial, temptation, 1 3 Fonne, a fool, 12 Fore-done, destroy, 2 For-lore, lost, 10 For-slowthed,lostby sloth, 64 Forswore, For-jeucth, forgiveth, Fott-ball, Frechedly, freshly, Fremd, stranger. A.S. fremed, foreign, Frerus, Freres=^ friars, Freyne, ask, Frutes, Fulhelt, Fytcd, fitted = well fit- ting, or, perhaps, well matched as to diver- sity of colour. 370 635 407 2 25 6 190 48 1569 14 453 34 1101 37 1207 9 280 681 273 26 845 44 1439 5 149 528 85 146 420 358 44 299 977 321 30 10 11 n. 41 1332 41 1322 48 1558 48 1570 28 911 22 721 28 906 35 1146 iLOSSARIAL INDEX. 97 Fyjte, fight, Galones, gallons, Gart, caused, Gnede, grudge. A.S. (fneadlicnes, frugality, temperance, Glotorye, gluttony, < Godhede, Goth, goeth, Grame, anger. A.S.ffram, angry, Grede, sreedy. A.S. Gret, grieved. A.S gr(ptan, to weep, Greuus, grievous, Greythe, readily, speed- Grope, feel = investigate Gruchynge, grudging, Grylle, sorrowful, fear- ful, Grym, Gryth, protection, Gult, trespass, guilt, | Gulty, guilty^ Hale, secret, conceal- ment. A.S. Mian, Hallo wen, Halybred, the holy bread, eulogia, Halydawes, holydays, Hand-ball, a game^ Haunce, enhance, Hele, heU, Hele, hide, cover, Helet, held, Helle, hell, Helut,ignorant. A. S.Ae/ Ul 36 725 Sleer, slayer. 53 1767 Slegh, sly, cunning, ( 26 (46 855 1513 Sleghjje, sleight. 12 304 Slen, slay. 22 699 Sloghe, slew. 48 1572 Slyly, 17 554 Snel, quick, 4 121 Soccouren, 23 724 Sodenlyche, suddenly, 49 1597 Sofere, suffer, 11 335 Sondes, messages. 56 1838 Sorcery, 30 972 Sotelly, subtilely, 17 n. So>e, truth, 16 520 Souke, suck. 59 1923 Soyled, assoiled, 26 848 Spel, 1 tale =: teach- Spelle, ) in g, doctrine, ( ^ 14 15 170 445 482 Spene, spend, 31 1009 PAGE Spousayle, wedding, 17 LINE. 532 Spoyle, 16 509 Spysory, spicery, 44 1433 Stegh, ascended, | 39 518 937 Steuene, voice, 13 411 Stoil-ball, a game, 11 n. Stoke, stuck, 20 n. Ston, _ _ 20 654 Stole, an ecclesiastical yestment, 59 1917 Storbet, disturbed, 36 1168 Stound, a short space of time, 24 778 Strajt, straitly = strictly, 47 1536 Sturben, disturb, 21 686 Sty, path, 46 1501 Stynteth, 28 896 Suster, sister, 26 830 Swore, oath. A.^.swenan,33 1067 Swinke, labour. A.S. sivinc, 41 1346 Sybbe, akin. A.S. sib, 26 gesihh, (41 829 1352 Sych, such, 12 366 Sycurlv, securely, 10 317 Sylabul, syllable, 18 577 Symonye, 40 1295 Synes, signs, 61 1985 Synge, Syngen,8in,33. 1073, 1077 Syse, seize, 39 1282 Sysourus, jurors, inquest men, assessors, 54 1777 Syjte, sight, 10 325 26 857 368 360 Te, to. Tele, deceit. A.S. tml, tale, story, fable, 12 Telynge, telling == telling fortunes, 12 Tenessyng, playing at tennis, \\ n. Testament, 22 716 Thewes, manners. A.S. \edw, 3 60 102 GLOSSA.TIIAL INDEX. Thilk, that same, Thoght, thought, Thryuynge, thiiving, Thylke, this, Tichen, teaching, Tithenges, To-fore, before, Towayles, towels, Tryste, trust, Tuynde, ) shut. A.S. Tuynen, ) tijnan, J ' i twice, Twyes, TyUe, to. PAGE. LINE. 10 n. 21 687 18 567 38 1234 7 201 23 737 22 691 7 213 58 1871 34 1126 3 63 15 490 4 119 13 406 40 311 thoueh, A.S. pagh j7aj, _pe, thee, _penne, than, per-tylle, thereto, ^ewes, manners, po, though, poukes, thoughts. ])onk, ]>ank, pOTj, through, preteuejte, thirteenth, pryes, thrice, pryfle, prytty, thirty. Vaunce, advance = en crease, Yche, each, Verement, truly, Verre, very, true, Vicary, vicar, Vitayies, victuals, Vnderlynge, an inferior, Vnholy, Vnsware, answer, Vnwyse, unwise, ( 7 112 17 25 43 45 17 196 358 652 792 1406 1482 535 27 890 15 486 16 516 16 514 15 462 13 406 25 806 62 2016 53 13 n2 (13 10 22 23 38 22 29 62 1748 416 390 403 296 691 724 1233 723 929 2017 PAGT Vomyschment, ) vomit- ( 6 1 C. LINK. 2000 Vomysment, ) ing, [40 1317 Voys, voice. 34 1117 Yr>e, earth. 15 483 Vsure, usury. 12 372 Yye, envy. 14 435 Vys, advice. Fr. avis, 41 1337 Vyse, in sight, in view. Fr. viser, 3 66 "War, wary. 19 608 Warde, guardianship = able to take care of themselves, 8 236 "Warren, curse. 24 756 "Wayte, wit = know. 58 1883 Wedde, a pledge, 39. 1287, 1290 Wede, garment, "Wededhood, ) ■,■,■, ^¥edhood, ] ^^'^°^^' Welde, wield = govern, rule, Wene,hope=doubt. A.S. wen, Werkeday, Werne, warn, "Wetyngly, wittingly, "Weyletes, cross ways. A.S. lad; Sw. lee, Weynt, done, accom- plished, Whad, what. 31 1019 7 212 8 237 12 381 31 1004 26 840 22 716 23 748 37 1214 44 1445 48 1516 White, wight = quick, active, strong, 34 1022 "Why sson-tyde, Whitsun- tide. The word is still pronounced thus in Lincolnshire. 5 143 Whatyng, loathing, dis- gust, 27 893 Wightes, weights, '^'^ 712 Woll, will, 22 714 Wolles, walls, 23 728 Wol>e, will, 5 160 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 103 Wonet, wont, Wond, fear = hesitate, Worche, work, Worchynge, working, Worre, worse, Wote, oats, pronounced wots in Lincolnshire, Wo wet, wooed, Wrathjied, made angry, "Wry, turn away, Wrynge, wring, "Wyndowes, Wynnyng, Wys, wise, Wyte, wit = know, "Wytte, knowledge, Wy]?-say, deny, withhold, Wyth-tan, withdrawn, withheld, Wyntynge, witting = knowledge, Ydul, idle, Yen, eyes, PAGE . LINE. 30 980 39 1265 12 384 21 631 28 904 53 1718 17 536 38 1242 45 n. 42 1385 38 1254 27 887 27 891 23 729 22 705 19 628 46 1515 8 n. 39 1292 40 1297 13 397 11 356 27 882 PAGE. LINE. Yerdes, yards. 22 713 Yeke, the same. 8c.tlk, jlO (33 322 1080 Ypocryse, hypocrisy, 34 1102 Yrke, irk, 16 526 Ys, is, 16 520 Ys, ice. 15 473 ^af, gave. 34 1091 ]ates, gates. Yate is the Lincolnshire pronun - ciation, 15 488 ?ef, if, 3 86 ^en, give, 25 795 )eme, earnestly. A.S. ( 2 3 53 georne, 70 ^erus, years, 53 1738 |eue, give, 5 138 )eyn-stondynge. against standing — withstand - iiig> 15 491 ^onge, young, 9 286 ]op, active, 54 1763 ^ore, sorely, Ul 9 1304 5 124 ^ow, you. 15 470 STEPHEN At'STIN, PRINTER, HERTFORD. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS FOR THE SOCIETY'S TEXTS. [Printed on one side only to allow of each slip being cut off, and gummed in the Text to which it refers.] 12. The "Weight's Chaste Wife. — Page 25, 1. 3. A mtii's ken. Compare — She tooke thentertainraent of the yong men All in daliaunce, as nice as a nuns hen. Ju. Heywood's Proverbs and Epigrams, 1562, Spenser Society's ed. p.43. "With the W.CW., compare the ballad in the British Museum Ballads, 643m. " The Fryer Well-fitted ; or, A Pretty jest that once befel, How a maid put a Fryer to cool in the well." —Quoted in Skelton's JFor/cs, ii. 293, ed. Dycc. Kyng Horn, etc. — Page 58, Cancel side-note to 1,256-60, and read— "No attendants are admitted except eunuchs." Gloss ffinne, 1. 258, tool, penis. Pref. p. vii. M. Paul Aleyer contends, as to the French and English versions oi Morn, — 1. That they are independent of each other. 2. That the French poem represents a more complete state of the legend, and refers to an earlier tradition about Aaluf, the brother of Horn, and King Silauf, who welcomed Aaluf. Matzner has since published the text of Eorn from the prints of its three MSS. in his Altenglische Sprachproben. Page 101. This Cotton fragment has the special value, says M. Paul Meyer, of preserving 140 lines, or parts of lines, of the beginning of the poem not in the Affleck and Cambridge MSS. The Cotton text is very close to the Affleck, as will be seen, for instance, by comparing our 1. 191-209, p. 106-7, with 1. 192-212, of ]\Ir. David Laing's edition of the Affleck MS. for the Abbots- ford Club. There are two editions of the French Floris et BlancJieflor, by I. Bekker and M. du Meril. The poem in the Bomancero Francois is a 'chan- son,' p. 64, but at p. 57 is a short extract from the romance. P.M. — The German and Netherlandish complete editions are printed in Miiller's Sammlung and in Horce Belgicm. Religious, Political, and Love Poems. — St. Gregory's Trental. The late Mr. "Vy. D. TurnbuU printed a different Northern version of this from a 15th century MS. in the Advocate's Library (Jac. v. 7. 27), on p. 77"83 of his edition of The Visions of Tundale, etc., 1843. The scribe has wisely ended it with — " Be it trewe, or be it fals, It is as the cope was." Page 137, 1. 642, lore: Dr. Stratmann says the short o of ^ore could not have rhymed with the long o of more. Accordingly, the Vernon text of the Stacions, p. 17, 1. 522, reads sore. 23. Ayenbite of Inwyt. — Page 46, Sidenote to Sixth Head, for Foul (5 times) read Foolish, as in Glossary. Hymns to the Virgin. — Page 67, 1. 288, for frere read frere. Page 96, 1. 33. Is not the word rather to be read foowned (m not u) .=> = fonncd = fond.-W. W. S. Page 127, 1. 21, for cord read cors ; 1. 22, for fuly the MS. reads July. Page 1 32, col. 1 . Defle is ' feel mistrust for ; ' see Dejier, iJesfier, in Cotgrave.— W. W. S. Page 137, col. 2. Jecre. — To-jeere is a compoimd word, meaning this year, soon ; see To-year in Halliwell : and I think with North Coimtry men it is usual to say — You won't do it f year (the year, this year) = You won't do it in a hurry. I'm convinced I've heard this phi-ase in some peasant's talk— W. W. S. 25. Clene Maydenhod.— Note to p. 7, destroy the comma after (Old High German). Pilgrim's Sea- Voyage. — Page 39. My guess is that war-take means simply veering tackle; the tackle whereby you ivear the sliip, or make it veer; or better still (as Mr. Hantler says), take=tach; and theu m w = wear, veer, i.e., to left or right, just as ho suggests. — W. W .S. Report, 1867, p. 3, line 8 from foot. Southern.— Mx. R. Morris states that Eali Meidenhad as edited for the Society from the Nero MS. (but not in the Bodleian copy) has a large mixture of West Midland forms. See the Preface to his Early English Romilies, 1868, when issued. 28. PfERS Plowman; Text A.— Page xxx. 1. 16. For rime-letter read chief- letter, or chief rime-letter. Page xxxvii. 1. 8, from the bottom. The metrical dot should have been placed after ffodis. Piige 4, foot-note to 1. 69. For him"] DII om, read him'] DH„ om. Page 5, 1. 78. Insert the metrical dot after he. Page 9, 1. 43. Insert the same after whom. Page 25, foot-note to 1. 172. For wola loke H, read wole loke H. Page 38, foot-note to 1 192. For I batride on be bak UD read I batride hym on \G bak UD. Page 51, h 154. For liue read lyue. Page 68, fourth side-note. For cannot read cannot tell. Page 75, foot-note to 1. 29. For see U 221, 259, read see II. 221, 259. Page 79, 1. 98. Insert the metrical dot after j^ilgrimes. Page 80, I. 122. The initial letter is not illuminated; it should have been printed the same as the first letter in the next line. Page 93, footnote to 1. 26, Eead hem (1)] hym T. Page 99, foot-note to 1. 135. For catonistris U read catonistris H. Page 107, 1. 80. Eead pat >e [Erl] Auerous, etc. The word Erl should no doubt be inserted, though the Vernon MS. omits it. Page 108, foot-note to 1. 98. The words "hiw V." belong to the end of the foot-note to 1. 96. Page 113, foot-note to 1. 62. The promised note to this line was accidentally omitted. It was merely intended to draw attention to the fact that the omission of the Latin words in MS. tJ is easily accounted for. They were to have been inserted in red letters, and a space was left for the purpose ; but the illuminator forgot to insert them. Page 126, foot-note to 1. 79. For see 11. 73, etc., read see 11. 74, etc. Page 139, 1. 4. For 16 read 76. Page 146, note to 1. 68. Add, The quotation is from Ps. Ixviii. 29 (Vulgate). ,, note to 1. 85. Transfer heo, so as to follow " have." Page 153, 1. 11 from the bottom. Insert the in the vacant space. Three lines above, comwonded should be commended. 30. Pierce the Ploughmans Crede. — Page iii. line 14, /or 1832 read 1842. Page vi. 1. 17, read specimens, not speciments. Page 2, 1. 26, the tcord indistinctly printed is holden. Page 35, add to note on 1. 65. — The Pied Friars had but one house, viz., at Norwich. We find the expression " Fratrum, quos Frcres Pye veteres ap- pellabant" in Thorn. Walsingham, " Hist. Anglicana," vol. i. p. 182 ; ed. H. T. Eiley. Page 48, note to 1. 516. For ther read Jjaer ; and for eah-thyrl read eah-jjyrl. 32. Babees Book, etc. — Page 385, 1. 5 from foot, Eead v'sq. versus : The publications of The Early E^iglish Text Society are divided ij^J Four Classes. I. Arthur and other Romances. II. Works illustratingN> our Dialects and the History of our Language, including a Series of re-editions of our early Dictionaries. III. Biblical Translations and Religious Treatises. IV. Miscellaneous. The following are some of the "works which in future years will be published in each of the Classes. (The Extra Series, commencing in 1867, is intended for re-editions.) I. Syr Thomas Maleore's Mort d'Arthur. To be edited from Caxton's edition (1485 a.d.) with a new Preface, Notes, and a Glossary. {In the Extra Series, 1868-9.) The Komance of Arthour and Merlin. From the Auchinlech MS. (ab. 1320-30 A.D.), and the Lincoln's Inn and Douce MSS. {In the Extra Series.) The Histoi-y of the Saint Graal or Sank £yal. By Henry Lonelich, Skynner (ab. 1440 A.D.). To be re-edited from the unique MS. in the Library of Corpus Christi Coll., Cambridge, by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. {In the Extra Scries.) The Arthur Ballads. The Eomance of Sir Tristrem, To be edited from the Auchinlech MS. The English Charlemagne Romances. From the Auchinlech and other MSS. The Romance of Sir Generides. From the MS. in Trin. Coll., Cambridge. The Romance or Legend of Sir Tpotis. From the Vernon MS. II. Cursor Mundi, or Cursur o Worlde, in the Northern Dialect. To be edited from the MSS. in the British Museum and Trinity College, Cambridge, by R. Morris, Esq. Hampole's Version of, and Commentary on, the Psalms. To be edited from a Northern MS. by R. Morris, Esq. Hampole's other English Works in the Northern dialect. The Gospel of Nicodemus in the Northumbrian dialect. To be edited for the first time from Harl. MS. 4196, etc., Cotton-Galba, E ix., by R. Morris, Esq. Lives of Saints, in the Southern dialect. To be edited from the Harleian MS, 2277 (ab. 1305 A.D.), by R. Morris, Esq. Barbour's Lives of Saints, in the Northern dialect. From the Cambridge University MS. Catholicon Anglicum. To be edited from Lord Monson's MS., by H. B. Wheatley, Esq. Abcedarium Anglico-latinum, pro Tyrunculis, Richardo Hulceto exscriptore. Lon- dini, 1552. A little Dictionary for Children (W. de Worde), or a shorte Dictionarie for yonge beginners (ed. Evans, 1566), by J. Withals. (The earUest edition to be collated with the succeeding editions. ) An Alvearie or Quadruple Dictionarie in Englishe, Latin, Greeke, and French, by John Baret. (The edition of 1580 collated with that of 1573.) A Collection of Early English Treatises on Grammar. To be edited chiefly from MSS. for the first time by Henry B. Wheatley, Esq. III. The Old and New Testament in Verse. To be edited from the Vernon MS. by R. Morris, Esq. The History of Adam and Eve. To be edited from the Vernon MS., Harl. MS. 17«4, etc., by S. Wayland Kershaw, Esq., M.A. The Stories of Susanna and the Elders, Lazarus, etc., To be edited from the Vernon MS., by J. W. Hales, Esq., M.A. Medytacions of the Soper of our Lorde Ihesu, etc., perhaps by Robert of Brunne. To be edited from the Harl. MS. 1701 (ab. 1360 a.d.), etc., by F. J. Furnivall, Esq., M.A. Lydgate's Life of St. Edmund. From the presentation MS. to Henry VI., Harl. 2278. IV. Two different Versions of Piers Plowman, in separate editions. To be edited from the MSS. by the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. Lydgate's Works. Le Venery de Twety and The Master of the Game. To be edited from the MSS. by Alfred Sadler, Esq. Barbour's Brus. To be edited from the MSS. in St. John's College, Cambridge, etc., by J. Peile, Esq., M.A., and the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. {In the E.vtra Serus, no^n^^'^^,?^'''P*'°'' '^ ^^ ^'- ^ year [and £l U. (Large Paper. £2 2s.) additional for the Extba Sekies], due in advance on the 1st of T^^UAET, and should be paid either to the Society's Account at the Union Bank of London, 14, ArgyU Place, Eegent Street, W. or by post-office order (made payable to the Chief Office, London) to the Hon Secretary, Henby B. Wheatlet, Esq., 53, Berners Street, London, W. x , , The Publications for 1867 are : — 24. HYMNS TO THE VIRGIN AND CHRIST; THE PARLIAMENT OF DEVILS- and Es ' M a'^T^ Poems. Edited from the Lambeth MS. 853, by F, J. Fuhnivali, 25. THE STACIONS OF ROME, AND THE PILGRIMS' SEA-VOYAGE AND SEA- ^^i;^^f^<^^V\ ^"i^^l^ MAYDENHOD. Edited from the Vemon and Pot kington MSS. etc., by F. J. Fuenivall, Esq., M.A Is 26. RELIGIOUS PIECES IN PROSE AND VERSE. Edited from Robebx Thoknton's „, ^ ^,„^^- f^**- ^^^0 ^-D-) by the Rev. G. G. Pkrry, M.A. 2*. 27. LEVINS'S MANIPULUS yOCABULORUM, 1570; the earliest Rhyming Dictionary. Edited by Henry B. Whkatley, Esq. 12*. wtiuuaiy. 28. LANGLANDS' VISION OF PIERS PLOWMAN, mth Vita de Dowel, Dohet, et Bobest ^l '^•"/u /n"* \ J^® earliest or Vernon Text ; Text A. Edited from the Vemon >n X.W MS., -with full collations, by the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. 7*. 29. ENGLISH GILDS, their Statutes and Customs, with an Iniroduetion and an Appendix of .. T,.^ translated Statutes. Edited from the MSS. 1389 a.d., by Toui.min Smith Esq 30. PIERC^^ raE PLOUGHMAN'S CREDE. Edited from the MSS. by thl^iev.^'w. W. The Publications for 1868 will probably be — 31. MYRC'S INSTRUCTIONS FOR PARISH PRIESTS, in Verse. Edited for the first time ft-om the MSS. m the British Museum and Bodleian Libraries (ab. 1420 ad) bv E Peacock, Esq. is. ^ ' ' 32. THE BABEES BOKE, THE CHILDREN'S BOOK, URBANITATIS THE BOKFS OF NORTURE OF JOHN RUSSELL AND HUGH RHODES, THE BOIcii ol KERUYNG, CORTASYE, AND DEMEANOUR, etc., with some Fi^nch and Latin Poems on like subjects. Edited from Harleian and other MSS. by F. J. Fubnivall Esq., M.A. 15s. ' 33. THE KNIGHT DE LA TOUR LANDRY, 1372. A Father's Book for his Daughters. Edited from the Harleian MS. 1764, by Thomas Wright, Esq.. M.A.. and Mr William RossiTER. 8«. » >i » . c*"" i^i. 34. EARLY ENGLISH HOMILIES (ab. 1220-30 a.d.) from unique MSS. in the Lambeth and other Libraries. Edited by R. Morris, Esq. r/,, the PrPi^ 35. MERLIN, Part III, Edited by H. B. Wheati.ey, Esq. [In t}^ Press. Among the Publications for 1869 will probably be : — PALLADIUS ON HUSBONDRIE ; the earliest English Poem on Husbandry. To be edited Pan I '^°"^^'' ^^ Colchester Castle (ab. 1425 a.d.) by the Rev. Barton Lodge, M.A. SIR DAVID LYNDESAY'S WORKS. Part III. To be edited by F. Hall Esc ''DC L ^'^^^^' EARLY SCOTTISH VERSE: MORAL AND HISTORICAL, from a MS. in the Cambridge University Library. To be edited by the Rev. J. R, Lumby, M.A. \In the Press THE ALLITERATIVE ROMANCE OF THE DESTRUCTION OF TROY, translated from &U1D0 DE CoLONNA. To be edited from the unique MS. in the Huuteriau Museum, Glasgow. by the Rev. G. A. Panton. Part I. Unthp P.-/.«. VARIOUS POEMS RELATING TO SIR GAWAINE. To be edited from the MSs! by R.* Morris, Esq. ' RATIS RAVING, etc., a Collection of Scottish Prose and Verse on Moral and Religious Subjects, lo be edited from a MS. m the Cambridge Universitv Library, by the Rev, J R Lumby, M.A. ' ' "' EXTRA SEKIES. T X^f,l'V^Jl';^^',°°^JS'' ^^^'^ f^^'°' ^ guinea a year ; Large Paper, 2 guineas) will be :- I. GUILLAUML DE PALERNE; or, WILLIAM & THE WERWOLF. To be re-edited TT J^STt^^^^'?!,'!'^!^''^;,'" ^'"^''^ College, Cambridge, by the Rev. W. W. Skeat, M.A. II. CHAUCER'S PROSE WORKS, To be edited from the best MSS., with a Preface on the Grammar and Dialect of Chaucer and Notes, by Richard Morris, Esq. (the Rev. W. W Skeat assisting in the TreaHsi: on the Astrolabe), and an Essav on the Pronunciation of Chaucer and Shiikspere, by Alexander J. Ellis, Esq., F.R.S. Part I. REPRINTING FTJND^ When Thii-ty additional Subscribers' names are obtained, the Texts for 1864 will go to Press. LONDON: N. TKIJBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW, DUBLIN: WILLIAM McGEE, 18, NASSAU STREET. EDINBURGH : T. G. STEVENSON, 22, SOUTH FREDERICK: STREET. GLASGOW: M. OGLE & CO., 1, ROYAL EXCHANGE SQUARE. BERLIN : ASHER & CO., UNTER DEN LINDEN, 20. NEW YORK : C. SCRIBNER & CO. LEYPOLDT & HOLT, 451, BROOME ST. rHILADELPIlIA: J. B. LIPl'INCOTT & CO, BOSTON, U,S. : DUTTON & CO.