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 IKq Dfcys of Old 
 
 The Seventy-Fifth Jkniv<?r$My of 
 th^ Third Presbyteri&n Church of 
 Newark, New tJer^py 4* 4* 4» 
 
1824 
 
 I{ElVIE|W&EHlIiG THE DAYS OF OLD 
 
 or 
 
 The Puritans and Their Descendants 
 
 f\ D1SGOURSE 
 
 Delivered June iith, 1899, in Commemoration of 
 the Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of the Or- 
 ganization of the Third Presbyterian 
 Church of Newark, New Jersey 
 
 BY THE PASTOR 
 
 REV. A. NELSON HOLLIFIELD, D.D. 
 
 Also Short Sketches of Former Pastors of the Church, 
 and an Account of the Anniversary Exer- 
 cises by the Rev. Dr. Hollifield. 
 
 Reminiscences by Elder Horace Ailing and William 
 Rankin, LL.D., and other Papers of Interest. 
 
 1809 
 
PRINTED BY THE SESSION. 
 
Remembering the Days of Old 
 
 OR 
 
 The Puritans and Their Descendants. 
 
 " Remember the Days of Old, Consider the Years of Many 
 Generations; Ask Thy Father, and He Will Shew Thee; Thy 
 Elders, and They Will Teach Thee." — Deut. xxxii.; 7. 
 
 Moses, having brought the children of Israel to 
 the borders of the Promised Land, being commanded 
 by God to go up to the top of Pisgah, and there die 
 alone, on the eve of his departure called the elders and 
 people together, and addressed to them his farewell 
 message in the memorable song of which our text forms 
 a part. 
 
 In it he rehearses God's gracious dealings with 
 them, and entreats them ever to be loyal and grateful 
 to Him by a review of their singular mercies. 
 
 It is in this connection that the words of the text 
 occur, " Remember the days of old, consider the years 
 of many generations ; ask thy father, and he will shew 
 thee ; thy elders, and they will tell thee." 
 
 To enforce this exhortation, he gave instances 
 wherein God had favored them, some of which oc- 
 curred in the remote past, the memory of which had 
 been kept fresh and green by tradition; these he bade 
 them keep in mind, saying, " Remember the days of 
 old, consider the years of many generations." He gave 
 also other instances of more recent occurrence, for infor- 
 mation concerning which he sent them to their fathers 
 and elders that were then alive and with them, saying, 
 
4 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 " Ask thy father, and he will shew thee ; thy elders, and 
 they will tell thee." 
 
 Moses was right. Extended views, views embrac- 
 ing centuries are essential to the clear understanding 
 of history. Long exposure is required to paint upon 
 the mental sensitive plate a distinct picture of the 
 great events of time. Ages are necessary to constitute 
 the dark back-ground that brings out into bold relief 
 the present. 
 
 In the providence of God, we have been brought 
 to the Seventy-fifth Anniversary of our organi- 
 zation as a church, an occasion that calls for devout 
 thanksgiving to the great Head of the Church, and 
 that our thanksgiving may be intelligent and ade- 
 quate, it is necessary that we survey the distant past 
 " dim with the mist of years," and that period of our 
 history that lies nearer to us, a period " rich with the 
 spoils of time." 
 
 The only way in which we can properly estimate the 
 value and vastness of our blessings as a church, and our 
 corresponding indebtedness to God, is by calling up the 
 past, reviewing God's gracious leadings, tracing out the 
 developments of his eternal plans, and recognizing the 
 manifestations of His marvellous greatness and power 
 and goodness, all along the line of our history, and then 
 contrasting our favored condition near the close of the 
 most wonderful of the nineteen Christian centuries with 
 the past as it passes in panoramic view before us. 
 
 So vast is the view that such a retrospect opens up 
 that I shall not be able to do much more this morning 
 than to indicate its most notable scenes. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 5 
 
 This church enjoys the enviable distinction of hav- 
 ing descended from the Puritans. It can trace its an- 
 cestral line back three centuries to those historic times 
 and memorable scenes that were epoch-making, and 
 which gave to the world the blessings of religious and 
 civil liberties, and so made possible its magnificent 
 civilization. 
 
 Seventy-five years ago, Thursday, June 8th, this 
 church was organized, being one of the four churches 
 into which the original church of this city was divided, 
 namely, the First, Second and Third churches of New- 
 ark and the First Church of Orange. 
 
 The First Church was organized in 1667 by emi- 
 grants from Connecticut, many of whom had, a few 
 years previously, emigrated from England. 
 
 That we may have an intelligent view of the his- 
 tory of our church, one that shall inspire us with 
 deeper love for the vital principles of truth and right- 
 eousness and religious and civil liberty, which it has 
 ever successfully championed ; awaken a profound 
 sense of the greatness of the trust committed to us, and 
 our individual responsibility in connection with it, that 
 we may pass it on enriched by the added treasures of 
 years, to generations yet unborn, as their grandest heri- 
 tage, and call forth our devout gratitude to Him who 
 has ever guarded and guided us amid the constantly 
 shifting scenes of our eventful career, it is necessary 
 that we review the three periods which have been indi- 
 cated, and with that end in view, I shall speak this 
 morning of the Puritans in England, in New England, 
 and the Puritans and their descendants in Newark. 
 
REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 I. — THE PURITANS IN ENGLAND. 
 
 If we are to trace with any degree of definiteness 
 and intelligence the history of our Puritan forefathers, 
 it is necessary that we familiarize ourselves with the 
 condition of affairs in Europe, and especially in En- 
 gland, during the fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth and 
 seventeenth centuries. 
 
 The Christian Church was planted in England 
 either in the first or second centuries. 
 
 Its representatives sat in the Council of Nice, 
 called to put the seal of condemnation upon Arianism, 
 A. D. 325. 
 
 The Church in England, in conjunction with repre- 
 sentatives of the Christian Church in France, early in 
 the fifth century, declared against Pelagianism. 
 
 About the middle of the fifth century Britain, be- 
 ing invaded by the Picts, and its existence threatened, 
 the Britains appealed to the Saxons to assist them. 
 
 The Saxons came under their leaders Hengist and 
 Horsa, but soon turned their swords against those they 
 came to defend, made themselves masters of the land, 
 and firmly established Saxon sovereignty. 
 
 Multitudes of Christians retired before the influx 
 of this horde of barbarians into the mountain fastnesses 
 of Wales, and Christianity in England was, to a large 
 extent, supplanted by Paganism for about a century 
 and a half, when Pope Gregory, in 596, sent Augustine 
 as a missionary to that land. 
 
 The distinguished preacher found the primitive 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. J 
 
 Church strong in faith and vital with spiritual energy, 
 though small and distressed, the leaders of which re- 
 fused to submit to the yoke of Rome, for which refusal 
 hundreds were massacred in cold blood. 
 
 Gradually the Church of Rome gained the as- 
 cendancy over the primitive Church in Britain, and 
 her prelates lorded it over God's heritage for well- 
 nigh a thousand years, or until the close of the fifteenth 
 century. 
 
 Its history during that long period was the history 
 of constantly increasing ignorance, superstition and 
 immorality, and it constitutes one of the darkest chap- 
 ters of the mediaeval ages. 
 
 The Bible was withheld from the people. 
 
 The choicest clerical preferments were bestowed 
 without regard to personal fitness upon foreigners, and 
 non-residents, and even upon those who had no inten- 
 tion of discharging their sacred duties, but were willing 
 to live upon revenues consecrated by the pious to the 
 support of the clergy. 
 
 These sacred appointments were freely made to 
 further political schemes. 
 
 The bishops and priests, as a rule, were destitute of 
 spiritual principle, were dominated by a spirit of 
 worldly aggrandizement and luxury, and ruled over 
 those committed to their care with a rod of iron. 
 
 The memorial rite of the Lord's Supper was de- 
 graded into a sacrifice for the benefit of the dead. 
 
 Indulgences to commit sin were publicly sold, and 
 so great was their sale that the country was impover- 
 ished. 
 
8 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 The people prostrated themselves before images of 
 the Virgin Mary in blind adoration. 
 
 And this religious degeneracy was the legitimate 
 fruit of the false doctrines which Rome taught and com- 
 pelled the acceptance of under threats of excommuni- 
 cation and the infliction of physical penalties. 
 
 Such was the state of affairs in England in the last 
 quarter of the fifteenth century. 
 
 But God in his providence was preparing the 
 forces that were to effect the downfall of the mediaeval 
 Papacy, and secure to men through all time their relig- 
 ious and civil rights of which they had been so long 
 robbed by the despotic exercise of princely and pre- 
 latic power. 
 
 These forces, though widely separated, apparently 
 disconnected, and often seemingly antagonistic, were 
 all concentrated upon this supreme event, fraught with 
 the liberties of a race. 
 
 In this case we shall see that — 
 
 Many things having full reference 
 
 To one consent, may work contrariously; 
 
 As many arrows loosed several ways 
 
 Come to one mark ; 
 
 As many ways meet in one town ; 
 
 As many fresh streams meet in one salt sea ; 
 
 As many lines close in the dial's centre : 
 
 So many a thousand actions, once afoot, 
 
 End in one purpose. 
 
 I can only outline the things which made possible 
 that mighty upheaval which shook thrones to their 
 foundation, freed the Christian religion from Pagan 
 ceremonies, and corrupt doctrines, resurrected the 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 9 
 
 Church of the Apostles, gave birth to the American 
 Republic, and is destined to inspire with hope, and 
 bless with freedom the peoples of all lands, and all ages. 
 
 Wyckliffe, in the fourteenth century, publicly pro- 
 tested against the Pope's authority in both civil and 
 religious matters, and against the corrupt doctrines and 
 practices of the Church; but he was as one crying in 
 the wilderness. He sent forth priests, whom he had 
 indoctrinated, and inspired with his spirit of reform, 
 to preach the gospel in the villages, the fields, the 
 market places, and the church yards of England. 
 
 These were known as the Lollards, and did much 
 to leaven the Kingdom with the truth. 
 
 God's set time to favor Zion had not then arrived, 
 but Wyckliffe hastened its coming by the crowning 
 work of his life, the translation of the Scriptures into 
 the English tongue; copies of which were made with 
 the pen, and for the first time since the Papal dominion 
 began in England, the Word of God was placed in the 
 hands of the people in their own language. 
 
 That was the first ray of light in the darkness of one 
 thousand years; one hundred and thirty-four years before 
 Luther denounced the sale of indulgences by Tetzel. 
 
 In 1362, the Mariner's Compass was re-discovered 
 and improved; thus enabling navigators to safely sail 
 unknown seas, and making the discovery of America 
 a possibility. 
 
 In 1438, Printing was invented, thus permitting 
 the rapid and cheap reproduction of the Scriptures for 
 circulation among the people for their enlightenment, 
 without which, reform would have been impossible. 
 
IO REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 In 1453, Constantinople fell before the fierce on- 
 slaught of the Turks. The Greek Christian Empire 
 was destroyed, and its learned men were dispersed 
 throughout Europe, and as a consequence, ancient lit- 
 erature was disseminated and resulted in a revival of 
 learning; Feudalism declined, and the intelligence and 
 power of the middle classes gradually increased, so 
 that they came to enjoy the freedom and political 
 power, once the exclusive privileges of the Barons. 
 
 In 1492, America was discovered, and thus was pro- 
 vided an asylum for the persecuted of all lands ; virgin 
 soil in which to sow the finest of the wheat ; a land free 
 from the grave difficulties encountered in the hoary 
 monarchies of the Eastern hemisphere, in the attempt 
 to introduce radical religious and civil reforms. 
 
 Early in the sixteenth century, Martin Luther, who 
 was destined to play so important a part in the Refor- 
 mation, nailed his famous Theses to the gate of the 
 Church in Wittenberg, Germany, and proclaimed sal- 
 vation by faith alone, thus supplying the "battle cry" of 
 the Reformation; the great central truth of the Gospel, 
 which had been so long lost sight of. 
 
 A little later, or in 1535, John Calvin, the great 
 Reformer of Geneva, published his famous Institutes, 
 and exercised a wide-spread and powerful influence in 
 the formation of that faith and spirit, that eventually 
 brought about reform in religious doctrines and polity, 
 and in civil governments, through revolution. 
 
 He marshalled the scattered and unorganized 
 forces of the Protestant movement under one banner,, 
 and made of numerous and separated bands, a mighty 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. II 
 
 and well disciplined army, which in thirty years 
 achieved glorious triumphs in Germany; conquered 
 half of France; created and inspired the intrepid heroes 
 of the Netherlands to throw off the galling chains of 
 Spain; entered England, aroused the spirit of Puritan- 
 ism throughout its length and breadth, and made the 
 Scotch as firm in their Protestant faith as the rugged 
 mountains of their native land. 
 
 The popular poetry of Chaucer made the people 
 familiar with the grosser faults of the priests, and 
 aroused against them the indignation of the masses; 
 while the writings and influence of the learned Eras- 
 mus, who taught in the great Universities of England, 
 and enjoyed the friendship of the most distinguished 
 men of his day, led many in the higher ranks of society 
 to give serious consideration to the subject of 
 Reform. 
 
 In 1568, the storm of religious persecution which 
 broke in fury on France and Holland, drove a large 
 number of Protestants, chiefly Presbyterians, to Eng- 
 land for safety, and so spread the light of truth, and the 
 spirit of liberty throughout the Kingdom. 
 
 English Protestants were frequently driven by 
 persecution to seek refuge in Holland, where religious 
 liberty was allowed, and on their return they strength- 
 ened and extended the spirit of Protestantism. 
 
 Such were the forces employed by God to bring 
 about the much needed Reformation. 
 
 Nor were the men wanting, when the hour struck 
 for them to act. 
 
 The influences we have been considering, created 
 
12 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 the men who were to take the lead in this stupendous 
 movement. 
 
 They are known as the Puritans; a name given in 
 derision, but one which has come to be far more glori- 
 ous than that of Prince or Prelate. 
 
 The Reformation began in a revolt against Popery 
 in priest and king in the reign of Henry VIII, who re- 
 nounced the authority of the Pope, in order to make valid 
 his divorce from his wife, but assumed that authority 
 himself, so that the people had Popery without a Pope. 
 
 The King exercised complete sway over the 
 Church, and the consciences of men, and those who 
 protested against this usurpation of power were called 
 Protestants. 
 
 Protestantism developed into Puritanism in 1564, in 
 the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the name Puritan being 
 given in reproach, to distinguish and stigmatize those 
 who did not conform to the liturgy, ceremonies and 
 worship of the Church of England. 
 
 The period from Henry VIII to Charles I, or from 
 1533 to 1649, was one of fearful persecution and blood- 
 shed, in which the fires of Smithfield were kindled; 
 the purest blood of England was poured out like 
 water; estates were confiscated; the noblest men in the 
 kingdom were branded, tortured and imprisoned, and 
 hundreds were driven into exile, because of their re- 
 ligious opinions. 
 
 Rogers, Hooper, Latimer, Ridley, Cranmer, and a 
 host of godly men, were baptized with fire, and those 
 tongues of fire spoke more eloquently for truth and 
 liberty than the tongues they silenced. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 1 3 
 
 It is computed that 400 persons were consigned to 
 death for their Protestant faith during the reign of 
 Mary alone. It was by means such as these that God 
 purified his Church, and started it upon a career of 
 higher and world-wide usefulness. 
 
 All history proves that before truth can prevail 
 
 over error, there must be tears and sacrifice and death. 
 
 There will be — 
 
 "Dim echoings 
 Not of the truth, but witnessing the truth, 
 Like the resounding thunder of the rock 
 Which the sea passes; rushing thoughts like heralds, 
 Voices which seem to clear the way for greatness, 
 Cry advent in the soul, like the far shoutings 
 That say a monarch comes. These must go by, 
 And then the man who can out watch this vigil 
 Sees the apocalypse." 
 
 The "echoings," the "voices," the "vigils," be- 
 longed to our forefathers ; ours is the splendor of the 
 vision, "The golden-spired apocalypse." 
 
 II. — THE PURITANS IN NEW ENGLAND. 
 
 These persecutions drove many into exile in Hol- 
 land early in the seventeenth century, and in 1620, 101 
 of these exiles, under Brewster, set sail in the May- 
 flower for America, and December 10th of the same 
 year, they landed on Plymouth Rock. 
 
 These were the Pilgrims who separated from the 
 Church of England in 1606 and erected themselves into 
 an independent ecclesiastical organization. 
 
 During the next two decades others from England, 
 known as the Puritans, who continued in the Church 
 
14 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 of England until the time of Cromwell, laboring in vain 
 to purify it, broke with both King and Church, and 
 followed the Pilgrims to our Western shores, and be- 
 came with them the immortal founders of the American 
 Colonies. Thus the history of American colonization 
 is the history of the crimes of Europe. 
 
 In 1636 the Rev. John Davenport, who had incurred 
 the displeasure of the infamous Laud, Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, because of his Protestantism, and had been 
 forced three years before to fly to Amsterdam, returned 
 to England, and, in 1637, in connection with Theophilus 
 Eaton, a wealthy merchant, organized a scheme of emi- 
 gration to New England that included Puritans from 
 Yorkshire, Hertfordshire and Kent. 
 
 These emigrants were among the last of the Puri- 
 tans to emigrate to America. The exodus of that class 
 ended in 1640, when the Long Parliament convened, 
 and for more than a century no considerable number 
 came to North America. 
 
 The emigrants under Davenport and Eaton who 
 came over in 1637, settled first in the Colony of Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 Mr. Davenport took as the text of the first sermon 
 he preached the Sabbath after landing in New England, 
 Matt. iv. : 1, his subject being, " The Temptation in the 
 Wilderness." 
 
 At the time of their arrival the Antinomian contro- 
 versy was at its height, and though Mr. Davenport 
 achieved distinction in battling against this error, it is 
 probable that he desired to locate with his flock in some 
 spot far from the disturbance of religious debate. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 1 5 
 
 The merchants of the party wishing- to engage in 
 mercantile pursuits, were looking about for a harbor 
 advantageously situated, and parties who had just 
 returned from war with the Pequots, brought reports of 
 such a spot on Long Island Sound, and the overthrow 
 of the Pequots removing the chief obstacle to the colo- 
 nization of the Connecticut coast, they withdrew from 
 the Colony of Massachusetts and set up a government 
 of their own in New Haven, which town, together with 
 Branford, Guilford, Milford, Stamford and Southold, 
 L. I., constituted the Colony of New Haven in 1665, 
 when it was combined with the Colony of Connecticut 
 by Royal Charter. 
 
 Bacon says " The wealth, the respectability and 
 the intelligence of the newly arrived company of emi- 
 grants made it an object with each of the colonies 
 already planted to secure so valuable an accession." 
 
 The religious sentiments of the Puritans gave shape 
 and color to all of their civil and social institutions. 
 
 The towns in the Colony of New Haven were gov- 
 erned by seven ecclesiastical officers, who were called 
 the " Pillars of the Church." 
 
 They summoned to their assistance others who 
 were eligible for membership in the Church. 
 
 Membership in the Church was the indispensable 
 condition of citizenship, and the application of this law 
 disfranchised one-half of the inhabitants of the towns of 
 New Haven and Guilford, and about one-fifth of the 
 town of Milford. 
 
 As early as 1639 a constitution was adopted at 
 Hartford, Conn., which is now admitted to be the first 
 
l6 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 one written out as a complete form of civil order in the 
 New World, and embodying all the essential features 
 of the Constitution of the American States and of the 
 Republic itself as they exist at the present day ; so that 
 the constitution of Connecticut is the oldest of the 
 American constitutions and the mother of them all. 
 
 Says one, " The dream of civil liberty which had 
 filled all the past, in Connecticut for the first time upon 
 American soil, became a recorded verity ; her first 
 written constitution adopted in Hartford recognizing 
 that all ultimate power is lodged with the people, and 
 that there should be no taxation without representa- 
 tion." 
 
 The federal principle which has since received its 
 highest embodiment in our Republic, originated in 
 New England in 1643, when the colonies of New 
 Plymouth, Massachusetts, Connecticut and New Haven, 
 with a combined population of twenty-four thousand, 
 " entered into a firm and perpetual league of friendship 
 and amity, for offence and defence, and succor upon all 
 just occasions, both for preserving and propagating the 
 truth and principles of the gospel, and for mutual safety 
 and welfare." 
 
 The title ot this federation was " The United Colo- 
 nies of New England.'' 
 
 The great principles for which the Puritans of 
 New England stood were those of religious and civil 
 liberties, and they laid deep and broad the foundations 
 of those majestic institutions which are the grandest the 
 race has ever known. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 1 7 
 
 "Yes, in the desert there is built a home 
 
 For Freedom. Genius is made strong to rear 
 The monuments of man beneath the dome 
 
 Of a new heaven ; myriads assemble there, 
 Whom the proud lords of man in rage or fear 
 Drove from their wasted homes." 
 
 As might have been expected from the causes that 
 drove the Puritans from their native land, across an un- 
 known sea, to seek a home in the forests of this new 
 world, they were an intensely religious people. They 
 gave their children such names as Charity, Fear, Expe- 
 rience, Love, Faith, Hope, Wrestling, Patience and 
 Perseverance. 
 
 They reverenced the Bible as the inerrant Word of 
 God, and the sole authority in religious doctrine and 
 practice. 
 
 They were all Calvinists. So intense was their 
 antipathy to Romanism that they not only rejected the 
 sovereignty of the Pope in spiritual and temporal mat- 
 ters; Romish ceremonies in the Book of Common 
 Prayer; priestly vestments; kneeling in receiving the 
 sacrament; making the sign of the cross in baptism; 
 bowing at the name of Jesus, and like things, but their 
 ministers refused to marry people, leaving that duty to 
 civil officers, because marriage was regarded as a sac- 
 rament in the Romish Church ; nor would they pray at 
 funerals, because the priests of Rome prayed for the 
 dead on such occasions, and they were unwilling to 
 do anything that could possibly be construed into an 
 endorsement of these Romish doctrines and practices. 
 
 They observed the Sabbath with great strictness; 
 all work was suspended at three o'clock on Saturday 
 
1 8 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 afternoon, and the remainder of the day was spent in 
 catechising and making ready for the Sabbath. 
 
 From sunset on Saturday until Sabbath evening 
 they would not shave, have rooms swept, nor beds 
 made, have food prepared, nor cooking utensils nor 
 table ware washed. 
 
 Attendance on church services was made compul- 
 sory by law, absence therefrom being punishable by fine. 
 
 In Connecticut, as well as in Massachusetts and 
 New Haven, all were compelled, by law, to contribute 
 to the support of the minister. 
 
 The sermons were long, and the churches were 
 without either cushions, fire or pews, ordinary benches 
 being used for seating the congregation. 
 
 The following is an entry from the diary of Judge 
 Sewall : " The Communion bread was frozen pretty 
 hard and rattled sadly in the plates. Extraordinary 
 snow storms." 
 
 The ministers often wore woollen mittens while 
 preaching. 
 
 A few of the women carried little foot stoves to 
 church, but the custom was not general. On one occa- 
 sion a member of the church refused to subscribe for 
 the purchase of a stove for the church, on the ground 
 that " good preaching kept him hot enough without 
 stoves." 
 
 The congregation stood while the preacher read 
 his text, to manifest their reverence for God's Word. 
 
 The people came forward to the Deacons' seat 
 with their contributions. Men and women were seated 
 on opp@site sides of the church. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. I9 
 
 To Connecticut belongs the honor of organizing 
 the first Sabbath school, in the modern form of that 
 institution, in America, if not in the world. Forty 
 years before Robert Raikes gathered the children of 
 Glasgow into a school, the officers of the church in 
 Woodbury, Connecticut, assembled the children for 
 instruction in the Bible and the Catechism. 
 
 The character of the Puritans was rigid and strong; 
 just such a character as the fierce religious persecutions 
 of more than a century would naturally produce; just 
 such a character as was needed to create the American 
 Republic. 
 
 They were a stern, resolute set of men; as a rule, 
 they were God-fearing, pure in character, honest in 
 their dealings, and invincible in all their undertakings. 
 
 In many things they were behind our times, but 
 they were immeasurably ahead of their own. 
 
 The men of to-day who sneer at them, could not 
 have accomplished their mighty work, and it would be 
 well for the world if the old Puritans could come back 
 and spend a generation teaching their descendants les- 
 sons of faith in the Bible, the observance of the Sab- 
 bath, and common honesty. 
 
 They have suffered unjustly in reputation from 
 " The Blue Laws of Connecticut," which were attrib- 
 uted to them, but which never had any existence, ex- 
 cept in the imagination of a Tory refugee in London, 
 who took pleasure in awakening the worst fears of their 
 relatives in England, by fabricating the most terrible 
 tales of the barbarous treatment of the Colonists at the 
 hands of the authorities. 
 
20 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 It is worthy of note in this connection that though 
 one of the chief differences between the Pilgrims and 
 the Puritans was that, the former possessed a pacific 
 spirit and tolerated those who held other religious 
 views than their own; while the latter were dog- 
 matic, and intolerant, and blackened their annals with 
 acts of heartless persecution; that the Puritans of Con- 
 necticut were an exception to their class, inasmuch as 
 " they did not go to the extreme of burning witches 
 and persecuting Quakers.'' 
 
 While the Puritans proscribed certain amusements 
 which they deemed sinful, they had other amusements, 
 in which they heartily indulged. They did not hesi- 
 tate at times to indulge in a pun, even in the pulpit. 
 
 In 1647, there was great excitement in Connecticut 
 regarding what is known as "The Half Way Covenant," 
 according to which a person who had intellectual faith 
 in Christ, but had not been regenerated, might be re- 
 ceived into the Church without the privilege of par- 
 taking of the Lord's Supper, thereby securing the 
 rights of citizenship in the Colony. 
 
 The majority of the Church at Stratford opposed 
 it, and the minority obtained permission from the au- 
 thorities to call a minister of their own, and the use oi 
 the church edifice three hours every Sabbath. They 
 called the Rev. Mr. Walker, who made some declara- 
 tions in a sermon which the distinguished Dr. Chaun- 
 cey, pastor of the old church, considered unjust, and as 
 reflecting upon himself. 
 
 The next Sabbath, Dr. Chauncey took for his text 
 hese words : " Be sober; be vigilant, because your ad- 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 21 
 
 versary, the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, 
 seeking whom he may devour." 
 
 His first point was : " You see, my brethren, that 
 the devil is a great ' Walker.' '' 
 
 Another conspicuous instance of the same charac- 
 ter occurred about 1686, when Sir Edmund Andross 
 the English Governor of Massachusetts, who was very 
 obnoxious to the Colonists, attended divine service in 
 New Haven, and the Deacon, recognizing him, gave 
 out the fifty-second Psalm, in Sternhold's Version, to be 
 sung, which began in this way : 
 
 "Why dost thou tyrant boast abroad 
 Thy wicked works to praise ? 
 Dost thou not know there is a God, 
 Whose mercies last always ? 
 
 Why dost thy mind still devise 
 Such wicked wiles to warp ? 
 Thy tongue untrue in forging lies 
 Is like a razor sharp. 
 
 Thou dost delight in fraud and guile, 
 In mischief, blood and wrong, 
 Thy lips have learned the flattering style 
 O false, deceitful tongue." 
 
 A people whose spiritual guides were capable of 
 indulging in such things in Divine worship, could not 
 have been altogether devoid of humor in their social 
 lives. 
 
 The Puritans were a noble band, for whom we 
 should have only words of praise, and when I say the 
 Puritans, I mean the women as well as the men, for 
 I am sure that without the influence of the women, the 
 
22 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 Puritan fathers could not have achieved the success 
 they did. 
 
 These were the people who toiled, and sacrificed, 
 and suffered untold hardships in the wilderness, lor con- 
 science sake, that the oppressed of all lands might here 
 find an asylum from princely and prelatic tyranny, and 
 purity of doctrine, and spirituality of worship be se- 
 cured to all generations. 
 
 Bancroft has well said, " History has ever cele- 
 brated the commanders of armies on whom victory 
 has been entailed. The heroes who have won vic- 
 tories in scenes of carnage and rapine. Has it no 
 place for the founders of States, the wise Legislators 
 who struck the rock in the wilderness, and the waters 
 of Liberty gushed forth in copious and perennial foun- 
 tains ?' 
 
 We may say of the Puritans what the poet says of 
 the Pilgrims : 
 
 " Like Israel's host to exile driven 
 Across the flood the Pilgrims fled, 
 Their hands bore up the Ark of Heaven, 
 And Heaven their trusting footsteps led, 
 Till on these savage shores they trod, 
 And won the wilderness for God." 
 
 III. — THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS 
 IN NEWARK. 
 
 In 1665, the Colonies of Connecticut and New 
 Haven were consolidated by Royal Charter, and a 
 number of the people of Branford, Guilford, and Mil- 
 ford, a large majority being from Branford, of the old 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 23 
 
 Colony of New Haven, being unalterably opposed to 
 the liberal laws of the Colony of Connecticut, which 
 admitted unregenerate men to membership in the 
 Church, and invested them with the rights of citizen- 
 ship, resolved to remove further into the wilderness, 
 that they might carry out their theories on these sub- 
 jects. 
 
 Having spent more than a quarter of a century in 
 clearing land, spanning rivers with bridges, making 
 roads, fencing farms, erecting houses and mills, it en- 
 tailed no small sacrifice upon them to go to a distant 
 place, and start life anew. 
 
 But with them no sacrifice was too great to make 
 in support of a principle. 
 
 With this end in view, in 1666, they sent agents 
 to examine and buy lands on the Passaic River, in New 
 Jersey. 
 
 The Agents having made a favorable report, a 
 large number of people residing in Branford held a 
 meeting October 30, 1666, and drew up and signed a 
 paper setting forth the civil and religious principles 
 upon which the new settlement should be established, 
 namely : " first, that none shall be freemen, or exercise 
 the franchise, or hold office therein but members of the 
 church ; second, to provide for the maintenance of the 
 purity of religion professed in the Congregational 
 Churches." 
 
 The following Spring, most of the signers of this 
 paper left Branford with their Pastor, the Rev. Abra- 
 ham Pierson, in three quaint little vessels for " the 
 town on the Passaic River." 
 
24 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 The company consisted of thirty families, the very 
 flower of the old New Haven Colony. 
 
 The vessels anchored in the month of May in the 
 Passaic opposite this now populous city, then a track- 
 less wilderness. 
 
 It is not true, as stated by Trumbull in his history 
 of Connecticut, and by others, that they carried away 
 the town records of Branford. They still exist in the 
 archives of that place. 
 
 The first to land was Elizabeth Swaine, a beautiful 
 girl of nineteen ; a prophecy of the loveliness and grace 
 that were here to be embodied in civil, social and re- 
 ligious institutions in the years to come. 
 
 The emigrants, after apportioning the land among 
 themselves, set to work to clear it for cultivation ; 
 reared their small dwellings, built a mill, fenced in their 
 holdings, laid out the streets, organized civil govern- 
 ment, provided at public expense for the preaching of 
 the Word, and subsequently for the erection oi a 
 meeting house. 
 
 At first the church was Congregational in its form 
 of government, but fifty years later it became connected 
 with the Presbytery of Philadelphia. 
 
 This change is not to be wondered at considering 
 the antecedents and environment of the people. 
 
 Cotton Mather says that of the twenty-two thou- 
 sand emigrants who came over to New England before 
 1640, four thousand were Presbyterians. 
 
 Dr. Charles Hodge says : "The English Puritans 
 were all Calvinists, and many of them Presbyterians." 
 
 Dr. William H. Roberts, in his history of the Pres- 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 2$ 
 
 byterian Church, says: "Those Colonists who had 
 Presbyterian tendencies found it advantageous to settle 
 in Connecticut, and gradually passed thence to Long 
 Island and Northern New Jersey." 
 
 Concerning the original settlers of this city, Dr. 
 Hodge says : "Those who settled Newark were Pres- 
 byterians.'' 
 
 The Cambridge platform, drawn up in 1648, declares 
 that "The ruling elder's office is distinguished from the 
 office of Pastor and teacher, and that the decisions of 
 the Synod, so far as consonant with the Word of God, 
 are to be received with reverence and submission;'' and 
 the subsequent assembly which met in Cambridge, 
 enacted that ''Synods proceeding with due regard to 
 the will of God in his Word, are to be reverenced as 
 determining the mind of the Spirit in things necessary 
 to be received and practiced, and it is but reasonable 
 that their judgment be acknowledged as decisive in 
 the affairs for which they are ordained." 
 
 Dr. McWhorter, who was Pastor of the First 
 Church a little over a century after the founding of the 
 Church, says concerning the Rev. Mr. Pierson, the 
 first Pastor, and his son, who succeeded him : "These 
 two ministers, tradition relates, were Presbyterians, but 
 the son more especially so." 
 
 In a manscript history of Branford, which has 
 come into my hands, it is stated that the latter left the 
 First Church in Newark because "he desired more 
 Presbyterianism than his Church.'' 
 
 The two Piersons, father and son, filled the pulpit 
 
26 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 up to 1692, and August 23d of that year the Rev. John 
 Pruden was called as the third pastor. 
 
 Mr. Pruden came from Jamaica, L. I., and the Rev. 
 Wm. Hubbard, who was called to succeed Mr. Pruden 
 as pastor of the church at Jamaica, in Smith's History 
 of New York, is called "a Presbyterian," and the con- 
 gregation is styled "a Presbyterian Church;" so we 
 may reasonably conclude that Mr. Pruden had strong 
 Presbyterian predilections. 
 
 The ecclesiastical preference of these men for the 
 Presbyterian form of government, exercised a great 
 influence during the formative period of the church, 
 from 1667 to 1709, and was an important factor in de- 
 termining it to unite with the Presbytery of Philadel- 
 phia. 
 
 Another factor was the views of the Scotch Presby- 
 terians, who had recently emigrated to America, and 
 settled in Newark. 
 
 Dr. Sterns says: "The Scotch began to arrive in 
 great numbers from and after the year 1682, when the 
 twenty-four proprietors, half of whom were from Scot- 
 land, assumed the direction of the Province. The 
 Presbyterian element being the stronger began to ab- 
 sorb the Congregational." 
 
 These things account for the change from the Con- 
 gregational to the Presbyterian form of government. 
 
 For seventy years, the line between civil and ec- 
 clesiastical affairs was scarcely perceptible, the town 
 and church being one. 
 
 All the citizens voted to call the minister, and all 
 the inhabitants were taxed for his salary. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 2J 
 
 In 1676, the salary was paid in wheat, peas, pork, 
 beef, Indian corn and rye, at their market value. 
 
 The minister was also provided with wood free of 
 charge. 
 
 In 1699, it was enacted that "All persons from 16 
 to 66 years of age, shall give to Mr. Pruden, the pastor, 
 each of them, one load of wood for the year ensuing." 
 
 When the first, meeting house was built, each male 
 inhabitant was required to give two days' work, or its 
 equivalent; and when it was repaired in 1665, it was 
 ordered that "All men above 16 years of age, shall from 
 day to day, as their turn come, attend this work about the 
 meeting house until it be finished, and bring their arms 
 with them; twelve men is appointed to appear a day.'' 
 
 A tavern-keeper was appointed by the authorities, 
 the first being Henry Lyon, and it was ordered that 
 "The traveler must furnish religious testimonials be- 
 fore he can obtain rest or refreshments." 
 
 At first the town was called Milford, but in the 
 Spring of 1670 it received its present name. 
 
 The meeting house was in course of erection and 
 a meeting was called to provide nails. After every 
 man was compelled to furnish " voluntarily '' a specified 
 quantity of nails, prayer was offered. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Pierson, Newark's first pastor, had 
 recently died, and reference being made to his former 
 life in Newark, England, by Mr. Camfield, it was re- 
 solved that Newark, which is the translation of the 
 Latin words " novum opus," (new work), should be 
 the name of the town, as being especially adapted to 
 the nature of their undertaking. 
 
28 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 People were called to church by the beating of a 
 drum. 
 
 A committee appointed by the town meeting had 
 charge of seating the people in church, and it was 
 resolved that " The rule for them to proceed in to seat 
 persons by is, office, age, estate, infirmity, descent or pa- 
 rentage, all of which is left to the discretion of the 
 committee." 
 
 The children were seated in the rear of the church, 
 and the beadle, armed with a long pole, was set over 
 them charged with preventing misbehavior, such as 
 sleeping or whispering, by prodding them, and woe to 
 the child who offended. 
 
 It appears that some of the grown people also 
 needed watching on such occasions, and were often 
 publicly reproved. 
 
 It was deemed " unbecoming, improper and highly 
 immoral in its tendency for women to sing in church," 
 because Paul had commanded that " the women keep 
 silence in the churches." 
 
 The Psalms were lined out by one of the Deacons. 
 
 The children were compelled to repeat the Cate- 
 chism to the minister, which was a great trial to them, 
 but it made them the strong, noble men and women 
 they afterward became. 
 
 Persons desiring to unite with the Church were 
 required to recite their religious experience before the 
 congregation. 
 
 In the early days the chief men of the community 
 used to meet and discuss the sermons they had heard, 
 and as the preaching was largely doctrinal, such dis- 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 29 
 
 cussions grounded the people in the faith, built up a 
 community second to none in all the elements of Chris- 
 tian manhood, and trained the citizens of the Colony to 
 participate with honor in the battles of Trenton, Prince- 
 ton and Monmouth. 
 
 In 1 718, in order to meet the demands of the in- 
 creasing, population for religious services, a society was 
 organized by the Church near the Orange Mountains, 
 which is now known as the First Church of Orange. 
 
 In 1 8 10 the Second Church, of this city, was estab- 
 lished, and in 1824 the Third Church was organized. 
 
 The division in the latter case being caused by 
 conflicting opinions respecting the merits of two can- 
 didates for the vacant pulpit of the church. 
 
 The majority desired to call Mr. Wm. T. Hamilton, 
 and the minority the Rev. Joshua T. Russell. As a 
 consequence the minority withdrew and constituted 
 this church, which was organized in the lecture room 
 of the First Church, June 8, 1824, and out of the two 
 hundred and forty-one persons who were received into 
 this church between that date and April 4, 1825, when 
 the first communion service was observed, more than 
 fifty bore the names of many of the original settlers 
 of Newark, and a very much larger number were their 
 descendants. In succeeding years a number of the 
 descendants of the original and early settlers united 
 with this church, and many of their descendants are 
 members of it to-day. 
 
 Thus this church is in the direct line of descent 
 from the Puritans of Old England, who emigrated to 
 
30 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 New England in 1637, founded the Colony of New 
 Haven in 1638, and came to Newark in 1667. 
 
 Last Sabbath evening I gave sketches of the former 
 pastors of this church, and necessarily wove into 
 them much of its history, so that there remains but 
 little to tell. Of the five pastors who preceded me, two 
 resigned to accept Secretaryships of important Boards 
 of the Church; one became Professor in Lane Seminary; 
 one served as Professor in Beloit College, and two were 
 honored by being elected to the Moderatorship of the 
 General Assembly. They were all men of distinguished 
 ability and commanding influence in the Church. 
 
 During the three-quarters of a century of its his- 
 tory two thousand five hundred and eighty-three per- 
 sons have been received into the membership of this 
 church. It has enjoyed many precious seasons of 
 revival, and the past eleven years have been character- 
 ized by a steady growth, with additions on confession 
 of faith at every communion season. 
 
 Forty-one persons have filled the office of Ruling 
 Elder until the present time, of whom twenty-nine have 
 been called to join the glorified company of Elders be- 
 fore the throne, and are now clothed in white raiment, 
 and wear crowns of gold. 
 
 The number of colonies sent out during these years 
 exhibits, in some degree, the growth and vigor of the 
 church. The Sixth and High Street churches were 
 organized during the pastorate of Dr. Brinsmade; many 
 members of this church being dismissed to constitute 
 them. 
 
 In the interim between the resignation of Dr. Brins- 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 3 1 
 
 made and the calling of Dr. Craven, the South Park 
 Church was organized, this church contributing an 
 elder and twenty-four of its members for that purpose. 
 
 During Dr. Craven's pastorate Wyckliffe and Cal- 
 vary churches were organized; two Elders and eighteen 
 members were dismissed to the former, and twenty-one 
 to the latter. 
 
 About five years ago a new work was inaugurated 
 on Clinton Hill, to which this church dismissed ten or 
 twelve persons; it is now known as the Central 
 Church. 
 
 This church stands in the forefront in the matter 
 of benevolence. Its gifts are not only large, but what 
 is better, they are dispensed with a cheerfulness and a 
 spontaneity that tells that the giving is of grace and 
 not of compulsion. Roughly estimated, it has contrib- 
 uted for all purposes over one million and a half dollars. 
 
 It is the glory of this church that it has always 
 possessed the missionary spirit. 
 
 In addition to its own mission work, and the colo- 
 nies it has sent out, it is worthily represented in the 
 foreign work by one of its own children, Miss A. 
 Adelaide Brown, who is gathering sheaves for the 
 Master in the distant field of India, and lives in the 
 affections of our entire people. 
 
 Five of the members of this church have entered 
 the ministry, namely : Robert B. Campfield, Jr., James 
 McDougal, Henry U. Swinnerton, Charles E. Craven 
 and Albert Stonelake. 
 
 As we look over the past we see much to regret; 
 we have not fully improved our opportunities, nor 
 
32 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 have we lived as near to the Master as it was our privi- 
 lege to have done. But notwithstanding our many 
 defects and derelictions, God has been with and richly 
 blessed us. 
 
 The long path of years has been radiant with His 
 presence, and heavenly benedictions have been show- 
 ered upon us. He has ever had a chosen people here, 
 those who were the light of the world, and the salt of 
 the earth. Together with you I recall many such this 
 morning, who once dwelt with us in this household of 
 faith, but " are not for, God took them." 
 
 They have gone home to our Father's house on 
 high " Where their many mansions be." 
 
 As I think of them they seem to be in our midst 
 as of yore, and their upturned faces, radiant with celes- 
 tial purity and joy, are seen in their old pews, and I feel 
 once more the touch of "vanished hands," and hear 
 again the " sound of voices that are still.'' 
 
 Are we not privileged to think of the sainted ones 
 in glory as being " sent forth to minister for them 
 who shall be heirs of salvation ?" 
 
 May we not hope that those who were born in this 
 Church, and toiled and sacrificed for it life long, and 
 have exchanged it for the Upper Sanctuary, are with 
 us to-day, still concerned in our welfare, and rejoicing 
 in our spiritual prosperity ? 
 
 " Surely, yon Heaven where Angels see God's face 
 Is not so distant as we deem 
 From this low earth, tis but a little space, 
 The narrow crossing of a slender stream. 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 33 
 
 'Tis but a veil which winds might blow aside. 
 Yes, these are all that us of earth divide 
 From the bright dwellings of the glorified, 
 The land of which we dream." 
 
 On this anniversary occasion, we would recall the 
 faithful Pastors who have stood in this pulpit proclaim- 
 ing all the words of this Life; the noble Elders who con- 
 stantly and lovingly watched over our spiritual interests; 
 the Trustees, to whose wisdom and fidelity we are 
 indebted for the prosperous condition of the temporali- 
 ties of the Church ; the consecrated women whose 
 prayer services and Missionary Societies have contrib- 
 uted so largely to our spiritual advancement ; the de- 
 voted officers and teachers of our Sabbath Schools, and 
 a host of Christ-like ones, who once worshipped here, 
 who have gone to take their stations near the throne 
 of God. 
 
 While we thank God for such an inheritance of 
 godly men and women, we pray that their mantles may 
 fall on us, and their example inspire us to live a more 
 Christ-like life, and perform larger and more loving 
 service for the Master. 
 
 Such a review should fit us to face the future with 
 renewed courage and hope, and enable us to make it far 
 more worthy of our Puritan ancestry, than the past has 
 been. 
 
 We are the heirs of a precious legacy, and that fact 
 places upon us responsibility for the future. 
 
 What this individual Church shall be in the years 
 that stretch out before us, depends in a large measure 
 upon our fidelity to our sacred trust. 
 
34 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 Great have been the changes of the last five and 
 seventy years; at the beginning of that period, the 
 population of the United States of America was about 
 ten millions; to-day it is seventy-five millions; then, it 
 covered an area of one million eight hundred and ten 
 thousand square miles; to-day it covers an area of three 
 million five hundred and ninety-two thousand square 
 miles, exclusive of the Hawaiian Islands and our re- 
 cently acquired territory from Spain. 
 
 Within this period, the telegraph, photography, 
 the telephone, gas, the electric light, sewing and type- 
 setting machines, the phonograph and the typewriter 
 have been invented; steam navigation perfected, and 
 the Atlantic cable laid. 
 
 Then it took three weeks for news to reach towns 
 one thousand miles distant from New York; to-day 
 the evening papers chronicle the events of the morning 
 in the Capitols of the world. 
 
 The French Empire has fallen, and on its ruins, has 
 risen a Republic. 
 
 The Franco- German War has been fought, and 
 Germany unified. 
 
 The overthrow of the temporal power of the Pope 
 has given liberty to Italy; and the onward march of 
 civilization has emancipated the serfs of the Russian 
 Empire, abolished slavery in Brazil, and given liberty 
 to four million slaves in this country, and within a few 
 months our territorial bounds have been extended to 
 Cuba, Porto Rico, and the Philippines. 
 
 The Presbyterian Church has grown from seventy- 
 five thousand communicants, to one millon five hundred 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 35 
 
 thousand ; its seven hundred and fifty ministers, to 
 ten thousand, and its benevolent contributions, from 
 fifteen thousand dollars, to two million five hundred 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Great as the changes of the past seventy-five years 
 have been, they are in my judgment simply indcations 
 of the still greater changes that await us. 
 
 "We are living, we are dwelling 
 
 In a grand but awful time, 
 In an age on ages telling, 
 
 To be living is sublime." 
 
 I believe that the lineal descendants of the Puri- 
 tans, and the inheritors of their faith, are like them, 
 after more than two centuries and a half, to go into the 
 wilderness of the Islands, we have so recently acquired, 
 and the vast Empires of China and India, at whose gates 
 we stand, in the providence of God, beneath the arch 
 of a new century, and extend the blessings of civil and 
 religious liberty to benighted millions. 
 
 "Lo another age is rising, in the coming years I see 
 
 Hopes, and promises of blessings, light and love, and liberty. 
 
 All the good the past hath garnered, all the present yet hath won, 
 
 Fade before the glorious future like the stars before the sun." 
 
 This is the radiant future as it rises in its beauty 
 and majesty before my vision, and in its labors and tri- 
 umphs I pray that this Church may have a conspicuous 
 part, a part worthy of her history. 
 
 But for all of us there is a present duty. This 
 
2,6 REMEMBERING THE DAYS OF OLD, OR 
 
 glad occasion calls for our renewed consecration 
 to Him who has led and blessed us so long- and so 
 richly, " That the new century break not the olden 
 chain." 
 
 What we need, and what we should earnestly pray 
 for, is the Baptism of the Holy Ghost, that shall quicken 
 the spiritual life of our entire membership, and cause 
 every man to do his duty cheerfully and faithfully, and 
 so make our Church ' f a fruitful bough, even a fruitful 
 bough by a well, whose branches run over the wall." 
 
 Let us gather up the discoveries and inventions of 
 the past ; our culture and wealth, and the forces of 
 our civilization, together with our National power and 
 influence, and employ them all for the enthronement of 
 Christ as the King of Nations; let the Press print the 
 everlasting Word of God; let our Colleges and Uni- 
 versities train men to preach the glorious Gospel; let 
 steam and electricity be employed to carry the Script- 
 ures and missionaries to the ends of the earth; let the 
 telegraph flash the tidings of salvation through faith 
 in the Crucified Christ around the globe, and bring 
 back the answer of nations born in a day; let science 
 and philosophy become the hand-maids of Christianity, 
 and let our wealth and commercial spirit and enterprise 
 be consecrated to the carrying out of these exalted pur- 
 poses. Only thus can we be faithful to the high and 
 sacred trust committed to our hands by the Puritan 
 fathers, triumphantly carry forward that mighty and 
 blessed work for which the Church is ordained of God, 
 and truthfully and exultingly proclaim, 
 
THE PURITANS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 37 
 
 "The Pilgrim Spirit has not fled; 
 
 It walks in noon's broad light, 
 And it watches the bed of the glorious dead, 
 
 With the holy stars by night. 
 
 It watches the bed of the brave who have bled, 
 
 And shall guard this ice-bound shore 
 Till the waves of the bay where the Mayflower lay 
 
 Shall foam and freeze no more." 
 
 When Moses said to the children of Israel " Re- 
 member the days of old, consider the years of many 
 generations; ask thy father, and he will shew thee; thy 
 elders, and they will teach thee," it was for the purpose 
 of awakening within them a spirit of gratitude, and 
 calling forth their songs of thanksgiving to Him who 
 had "kept them as the apple of His eye," "led them," 
 and "made them ride on the high places of the earth." 
 
 As we review, on this anniversary occasion, God's 
 wondrous dealings with us as a Church, let not only 
 our lips but our hearts join in the Apostolic ascription 
 of praise, saying : 
 
 " Now unto Him that is able to do exceeding, abundantly, 
 above all that we ask or think, according to the power that 
 worketh in us, Unto Him be glory in the Church by Christ 
 Jesus, throughout all ages, world without end. Amen." 
 
Short Sketches of Former Pastors 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. A. NELSON HOLLIFIELD. D.D. 
 
 DELIVERED 
 
 Sabbath Evening, June 4TH, 1899. 
 
 It is my purpose this evening, in a very simple 
 manner, to sketch the lives of the former pastors of 
 this church. 
 
 The seventy- fifth anniversary of its organization 
 will occur on Thursday next, and in that time it has 
 had six pastors — namely : 
 
 Rev. Joshua T. Russell, 
 
 Rev. Baxter Dickinson, D. D., 
 
 Rev. Selah B. Treat, D. D., 
 
 Rev. Horatio N. Brinsmade, D. D., 
 
 Rev. Elijah R. Craven, D. D., LL. D., and your 
 speaker. 
 
 I have experienced considerable difficulty in gath- 
 ing material suitable for this occasion. 
 
 For many things I have no better authority than 
 tradition ; the testimony of reliable men and women, 
 who tell of the things which their fathers and mothers, 
 who were witnesses of them, related to them. In my 
 judgment such evidence, owing to the comparatively 
 
40 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 brief time covered by our ecclesiastical history, and the 
 character of the witnesses, is trustworthy. 
 
 The history which is gathered up on such occa- 
 sions as this, may seem unimportant to us, but if it is 
 preserved in some permanent form, it will instruct the 
 generations that come after us, in the character, and 
 labors, and record of the men of God, at whose 
 feet their fathers and forefathers sat, and through 
 whose faithful ministry they were led to the Cross of 
 Calvary, and were edified and made " meet for the in- 
 heritance of the saints in light." Such biographical 
 contributions are also a source of information concern- 
 ing wider fields, and serve as side lights that make 
 luminous and clear portions of history that would 
 otherwise be perplexing. 
 
 The first pastor of this Church was the Rev. 
 Joshua T. Russell. 
 
 After the resignation of the Rev. Dr. Richards, the 
 distinguished and beloved pastor of the First Church, 
 in October, 1823, several candidates for the vacant pul. 
 pit were heard. 
 
 Among the number was Mr. William T. Hamilton, 
 a licentiate of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, a young 
 man of splendid pulpit abilities ; he made such a favora- 
 ble impression, that a large number of the people ex- 
 pressed their desire to call him to the important pastor- 
 ate ; others, however, were not pleased with him, and 
 they prevailed upon the Session to extend an invitation 
 to the Rev. Mr. Russell, of Norfolk, Va., to preach 
 trial sermons as a candidate. 
 
 Tradition says that their attention had been di- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 41 
 
 rected to him by the Professors at Princeton as a 
 suitable successor to the able Dr. Richards. 
 
 The result of hearing these two candidates was a 
 division of sentiment in the congregation so strong as 
 to create irreconcilable factions, and the outcome of it 
 was the organization of the Third Church. Those who 
 remained in the First Church called Mr. Hamilton, 
 while those who formed the Third Church extended a 
 unanimous call to the Rev. Mr. Russell June 14th, 1824, 
 and he was duly installed as pastor of this church July 
 13th. Though Mr. Russell came from Virginia to 
 Newark, I am informed by one who is familiar with 
 the early history of this church, that he was a native of 
 Scotland. It is to be regretted that Mr. Russell left 
 behind him no manuscript or printed sermons from 
 which to get an idea of his style and ability as a 
 preacher. Those who heard him preach tell us he was 
 an orator of no mean order, and exercised great influ- 
 ence over his audiences, swaying them at will. 
 
 He was regarded as an able preacher of the gospel, 
 which he preached with remarkable clearness and 
 directness. 
 
 He was earnest and sympathetic, and these two 
 elements entered largely into his preaching and gave 
 it great power. 
 
 That he must have been far more than an ordi- 
 nary preacher is proven by the fact that he divided 
 the congregation of the First Church when he candi- 
 dated for its pulpit against Mr. Hamilton, who was 
 one of the most brilliant orators the American pulpit 
 has ever known. 
 
42 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 For beauty of diction, clearness of thought, force 
 of logic and lofty eloquence but few names stand 
 higher on the roll of great American preachers than 
 that of the Rev. William T. Hamilton, D. D. Dr. 
 Peabody, the distinguished Unitarian divine of New 
 England, having heard Dr. Hamilton preach in Mont- 
 gomery, Alabama, said : " He is the greatest preacher 
 I ever heard.'' And this was the universal verdict. 
 I say the fact that Mr. Russell was able to compete 
 as successfully as he did with such a brilliant man as 
 Dr. Hamilton proves that he was a man of ability 
 himself. 
 
 A sister of Mr. Russell was greatly devoted to 
 the work of the church, and displayed great wisdom in 
 prosecuting it. In addition to teaching a Bible class, 
 she organized a Sabbath school for colored children. 
 It was during Mr. Russell's pastorate that this edifice 
 was built, the church placed upon a firm foundation, 
 and started upon its long career of usefulness. 
 
 After five years of service during which one hun- 
 dred and ninety-nine persons were received into the 
 membership of the church (not counting those received 
 before the first communion, and who may be re- 
 garded as charter members), Mr. Russell resigned 
 the pastorate June 29th, 1829, and served as the 
 General Agent of the Assembly's Board of Missions. 
 Subsequently he became a Baptist clergyman. He 
 died in connection with that denomination in 1854, in 
 the State of Mississippi. Whatever may have been his 
 faults, it is the opinion of those who knew him and 
 watched his career from the time he left Newark until 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 43 
 
 his death, that he was a good man and that death to 
 him was gain. 
 
 The second pastor of this church was the Rev. 
 Baxter Dickinson, D. D. Dr. Dickinson was unani- 
 mously called September 8th, 1829. 
 
 He resigned the pastorate of the Congregational 
 Church of Long Meadow, Massachusetts, to accept the 
 call of this congregation, and was duly installed as pas- 
 tor over this church November 17th, 1829. 
 
 Dr. Dickinson was a scholarly man, of unusual 
 pulpit ability. His published sermons and books were 
 read by a large circle and won unstinted and well 
 nigh universal praise. He was the author of the cele- 
 brated "Auburn Declaration," the original manuscript 
 of which my friend, Professor Smith, of Lane Seminary 
 Cincinnati, informs me is preserved in the archives 
 of that institution. That paper alone would have been 
 sufficient in itself to stamp Dr. Dickinson as a man of 
 great intellectuality, and would have given him un- 
 dying fame in the history of Presbyterianism. 
 
 During Dr. Dickinson's pastorate, the churches of 
 Newark were visited by a gracious outpouring of the 
 Divine Spirit. Christians were revived, the community 
 deeply stirred, and many souls converted. 
 
 At that time there was introduced into the revival 
 meetings what was then called "The New Method;" 
 that is, persons were asked to signify their desire to be 
 prayed for by standing up in the congregation. Such 
 a thing being new in this community, many opposed it, 
 and among the latter, Dr. Dickinson; he refused to 
 adopt it, and said if any persons desired to consult him 
 
44 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 in regard to their spiritual concerns, and wished to be 
 prayed for, he would be pleased to meet them in the 
 rooms in the rear of the church. Mr. Hamilton, of the 
 First Church, zealously adopted the new method, and 
 this difference of opinion and practice between Hamil- 
 ton and Dickinson caused considerable feeling among 
 the members of the two churches. Dr. Dickinson 
 firmly maintained his position, and won the reputation 
 of being a strict conservative. 
 
 His course in this matter was upheld by the Session 
 and the congregation, who were in sympathy with him. 
 They were satisfied with " the old paths," and did not 
 propose to abandon them without sufficient cause and 
 careful consideration. The law of heredity has entailed 
 this conservative spirit upon the Third Church of 
 to-day. 
 
 During Dr. Dickinson's pastorate the temperance 
 question came to the front. It was the all-absorbing 
 topic of the day. The waves of intemperance were 
 rolling high and strong over the land, threatening to 
 destroy it. Decanters stood on almost every sideboard; 
 not only private Christians but ministers of the Gospel 
 used intoxicating liquors as a beverage. 
 
 Dr. Dickinson boldly arrayed himself on the side 
 of temperance, and blew trumpet blasts that were heard 
 far and wide. 
 
 Soon after his settlement here he preached a pow- 
 erful sermon on this subject, entitled " Alarm to Distil- 
 lers and their Allies." 
 
 He took for his text Eccl. vii : 29 — " God hath 
 made man upright ; but they have sought out many in- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 45 
 
 ventions,'' and Hab. 2 : 15, " Woe unto him that giveth 
 his neighbor drink." 
 
 He said in part : " The art of turning the products 
 of the earth into a fiery spirit, was discovered by an 
 Arab about nine hundred years ago. The effects of 
 this abuse of Nature's gifts were soon perceived with 
 alarm. Efforts were made, even by heathen people, 
 to arrest the evil; and it shows the mighty agency 
 and cunning of Satan, that even Christian nations 
 should have been induced to adopt and encourage this 
 deadliest of man's inventions. 
 
 " In the guilt of encouraging the destructive art 
 our own free country has largely participated. Fifteen 
 years ago, as appears from well authenticated sta- 
 tistics, our number of distilleries had risen to nearly 
 forty thousand, and, till within three or four ago past, 
 the progress of intemperance threatened all that was 
 fair and glorious in our prospects. 
 
 " The reformation recently commenced is one of 
 the grandest movements of our world ; and to secure 
 its speedy triumph, the concurrence of distillers is 
 obviously indispensable. They must cease to provide 
 the destroying element. This they are urged to do by 
 the following considerations.'' Dr. Dickinson then 
 assigned the following reasons, which he fully elabor- 
 ated, why distillers should abandon their business : 
 
 " 1. The business of distilling confers no benefits on 
 your fellowmen. 
 
 2. It is the occasion of many evils. 
 
 3. It destroys to a great extent the bounties of 
 Providence. 
 
46 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 4. It offends greatly the virtuous and respectable 
 part of the community. 
 
 5. You pursue a pernicious calling in opposition to 
 great light. 
 
 6. Perseverance in the business must necessarily 
 be at the expense of your own reputation and that of 
 posterity. 
 
 7. And by continuing in it you peculiarly offend 
 God, and jeopard your immortal interests.'' 
 
 We may obtain some idea from this sermon of his 
 logical powers, and his originality and boldness as a 
 preacher, for the sermon was addressed to distillers. 
 
 After six years of pastoral labor, on November 
 17th, 1835, during which two hundred and thirty-two 
 persons were received into the membership of the 
 Church, the relation was dissolved, at the request of 
 Dr. Dickinson, by the Presbytery, in order that he might 
 become Professor of Rhetoric and Pastoral Theology 
 in Lane Seminary, in which position he served until 
 1839, wnen he resigned to accept a similar position in 
 Auburn Theological Seminary; he remained there until 
 1847. He served as Acting Professor, in the same de- 
 partment, in the Seminary at Andover in 1848. 
 
 From 1848 to 1857 he engaged in the work of the 
 American and Foreign Christian Union, becoming one 
 of its Secretaries, and also in the work of the Ameri- 
 can Board of Commissioners lor Foreign Missions. 
 
 Four years after severing his connection with this 
 church, or in May, 1839, ne was elected Moderator of 
 the New School General Assembly, at its second meet- 
 ing, in the city of Philadelphia. 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 47 
 
 Dr. Dickinson, after a life of great usefulness, died 
 in the city of Brooklyn, New York, December 7th, 
 1875, m the eighty-first year of his age. 
 
 He was a great and good man, honored of God, 
 and esteemed and loved by all who knew him. 
 
 The third pastor of this church was the Rev. Selah 
 Burr Treat, D. D., who was called January 13th, 1836, 
 and was ordained and installed by the Presbytery of 
 Newark March 226. of the same year. 
 
 It is an interesting fact that one hundred and 
 seventy years before this, one of Mr. Treat's ancestors, 
 Captain Robert Treat, together with others, came from 
 Milford, Branford and Guilford, Conn., to inspect this 
 section of New Jersey with a view to a permanent set- 
 tlement, and a year later Captain Treat, who was the 
 most important man in the company, led out a Con- 
 necticut Colony to this spot, and founded Newark. In 
 the division of the land it was agreed that six acres 
 should constitute a lot, with the exception of the home 
 lot of Captain Treat, which it was ordered should con- 
 tain eight acres, and he was given the first choice. He 
 was chosen the first Town Clerk; was made one of the 
 Magistrates, and was also elected to represent the town 
 in the General Assembly, a body corresponding to the 
 Legislature. In 1670 he returned to Connecticut, and 
 for many years was one of the leading men in the 
 Colony in civil, military and religious affairs. As a 
 military man he achieved great distinction. He was 
 Governor of Connecticut in 1687. 
 
 It must have been exceedingly gratifying to the 
 fathers of this church to enjoy the pulpit ministrations 
 
48 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 of one of the lineal descendants of "the first citizen" of 
 the Colony that established itself here in 1667. 
 
 Before entering the ministry Mr. Treat practiced 
 law in Connecticut and New York, in which latter pro- 
 fession he made himself a high reputation for legal abil- 
 ity, and gave every promise of achieving great distinc- 
 tion at the bar. It was the opinion of able lawyers that 
 "if he had not left the legal profession he would have 
 been one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States." He was converted in the great revival 
 in 1831-32 and immediately began his preparation for 
 the Gospel ministry, to which he felt called of God. 
 His call to this church followed in 1836. 
 
 Owing to Dr. Treat's ill health, he felt compelled to 
 resign June 24th, 1840, after a very successful pastorate, 
 during which there were added to the membership 127 
 persons. He was a man of deep spirituality and his 
 sermons were characterized by a high order of intel- 
 lect, and great impressiveness in their delivery. 
 
 After his resignation he became one of the editors 
 of the Biblical Repository and American Eclectic, a peri- 
 odical published in New York; to which city he re- 
 moved with his family; and instead of connecting him- 
 self with one of the strong and wealthy churches, he 
 cast in his lot with a small and struggling mission 
 church, where he could make himself useful and give 
 needed financial help. 
 
 In 1843, he became connected with the American 
 Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, at first 
 as editor of the Missionary Herald and Youths' Day 
 Spring; in the fall of the same year he was made Record- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 49 
 
 ing Secretary of the Board, and on the death of Dr. 
 Armstrong in 1847, he was elected one of the Corre- 
 sponding Secretaries of the Board, to have special 
 charge of the work among the Indians, and in 1859 
 he was put in charge of the Home Department also. 
 He was a modest man, self-possessed, and of great 
 kindness of heart. 
 
 He was wise in counsel, courteous in manner, and 
 of great executive ability. He was cheerful and com- 
 panionable. He was charitable in judgment upon other 
 men's labor. With his quick eye he could see a logical 
 or literary defect in their work, which others might not 
 notice ; but it was not in his heart to magnify this defect, 
 but rather to seek after that which was good and could 
 be justly commended. 
 
 He was a writer of superior merit; says one : " As 
 a writer of good English, for accuracy and elegance 
 Dr. Treat had few equals in this or any other land." 
 We may get an idea of his ability as a writer from one 
 or two passages from his productions. 
 
 In 1867, at the annual meeting of the Board at 
 Buffalo, N. Y., in an address of great eloquence and 
 power on " The Claims of China Upon Christians in 
 America," he said : " If we look at the Empire of China 
 as a whole, we find it, with one exception, the largest 
 that has ever existed; its position, moreover, is singu- 
 larly felicitous. Lying on the eastern slope of the 
 great plateau of Central Asia, and for this reason ever 
 looking toward the Pacific, it has resources of incon- 
 ceivable diversity and richness. Embracing as it does 
 thirty-eight degrees of latitude and seventy-four de- 
 
50 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 grees of longitude, occupying every conceivable alti- 
 tude from, the sea line to the snow line, its soil has 
 yielded for ages whatever is needful, whether for 
 the comfort or the luxury of man. * * * Let us 
 assume 400,000,000 as the population of the Empire; 
 and let us suppose them to pass before us, say five 
 abreast, at the pace of one mile an hour. From 
 morning to night, from night to morning, the ear is 
 dulled with their heavy, incessant tread. Who, now, 
 will stand and wait until the last detachment shall have 
 marched by? A procession of a few thousands be- 
 comes to the spectator not infrequently a source of 
 painful weariness ; but these dusky forms, these chil- 
 dren of dark hearts, will consume seven years in de- 
 filing before us, a long, unresting funeral train. 
 
 " We are awestruck and confounded. Myriads 
 upon myriads, millions upon millions, all journeying, 
 pke ourselves, to the judgment seat, and all ignorant of 
 the way of life. '' 
 
 On another occasion, in reviewing the history of 
 missions in New England, he paid this glowing tribute 
 to Brainerd, the great missionary to the Indians : " Da- 
 vid Brainerd, dying under thirty, and yet gathering a 
 harvest marvellous for its preciousness, and then leav- 
 ing a complete life, so radiant with celestial beauty 
 that it must always be reckoned among the choicest 
 possessions of the brotherhood of Christ." 
 
 This distinguished man of God passed, suddenly 
 to his heavenly home March 28th, 1877, i n the seventy 
 fourth year of his age. 
 
 The fourth pastor of this church was the Rev. Ho- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 5 1 
 
 ratio N. Brinsmade, D. D., who was called to its 
 pastorate July 6th, 1841. 
 
 At the time he was pastor of the First Congrega- 
 tional Church of Pittsfield, Mass.; the call was accepted 
 by him, and he was duly installed by the Presbytery 
 September 23d of the same year. 
 
 Before entering upon the full work of the ministry 
 Dr. Brinsmade was an instructor in the Deaf and Dumb 
 Institution at Hartford, Conn. He was ordained in 
 1828, and served the North Congregational Church 
 of Hartford a year. 
 
 From Hartford he went to Collinsville, Conn., 
 where he gathered a church ; thence he went to Pitts- 
 field, Mass., from whence he was called to the Third 
 Church. 
 
 Dr. Brinsmade was a plain but earnest and forceful 
 preacher of the gospel of Jesus Christ. He did not 
 equal his predecessors in analytical power, or dialectic 
 skill, or rhetorical finish, or oratorical display, but none 
 of them preached a purer gospel or lived nearer to the 
 Master than this large-hearted and consecrated man of 
 God. 
 
 His kind, loving, sympathetic nature, which con- 
 stantly expressed itself in word and deed and the warm 
 grasp of the hand and the cheerful countenance, all re- 
 minded one of the beloved disciple. He was a model 
 pastor and in constant attendance on the sick and 
 afflicted. He knew the name of every child in the par- 
 ish, and was dearly beloved by the young. He was 
 the friend of the poor and oppressed, to whom he ever 
 extended substantial assistance. I think I may safely 
 
52 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 say that but few ministers, if any, ever more fully won 
 and kept the love and confidence of their people than 
 Dr. Brinsmade. 
 
 To-day, well nigh fifty years after his retirement 
 from the pastorate of this church, he lives enshrined 
 in the hearts of multitudes, and his name is " as ointment 
 poured out." 
 
 His very presence was a benediction, and his pure, 
 helpful life was the embodiment of the gospel of Jesus 
 Christ. 
 
 As I review the history of the pastors of this church 
 I clearly see the manifestation of the wisdom of God in 
 so ordering events in His providence, that Dr. Brins- 
 made was called to succeed the previous pastors, and 
 especially Drs. Treat and Dickinson. 
 
 After enjoying the ministrations of such profound 
 and scholarly divines, among the very ablest in the 
 land, princes among preachers, men who spent the 
 most of their time in the study, and who made the pul- 
 pit their throne, whence they swayed the sceptre of a 
 mighty and far-reaching influence, moulding opinion 
 and controlling conduct in questions vital with the 
 highest interests of men, both in time and in eternity, 
 the people of this church no doubt needed a man 
 like Dr. Brinsmade, to move their emotional nature 
 as deeply as Drs. Dickinson and Treat had quickened 
 their intellectual perceptions, producing in their minds 
 conviction of the truth of their important message. 
 
 Heart as well as head must be influenced ; emo- 
 tions as well as intellect must be brought under the 
 power of divine truth and grace, in order that the gos- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 53 
 
 pel may work its mighty transformation in human char- 
 acter and life. 
 
 One of the dangers that threatens Christianity to- 
 day is the undue emphasis that is being laid upon intel- 
 lectual faith, an emphasis so strong in some quarters as 
 to utterly ignore, or at least to make secondary, the 
 need of a new birth. 
 
 Yea, it has been carried to such an extreme that 
 with thousands rationalism has taken the place of reve- 
 lation, and ethical culture has supplanted regeneration. 
 I do not mean to say that the predecessors of Dr. Brins- 
 made simply influenced the intellect of their hearers; 
 beyond all doubt, from what I can learn of the men, 
 they also moved them in some measure in their emo- 
 tional nature; but the probability is that their influence 
 was more along intellectual than emotional lines, and 
 that which the church needed at the time now under 
 consideration, was a man who, by his love and 
 sympathy, and tender appeals, and constant and inti- 
 mate association in the family circle, should reach the 
 hearts of men and induce them to live out, more fully, 
 their intellectual convictions. And this Dr. Brinsmade 
 did for a period of twelve years, during which four 
 hundred and forty-four persons were received into the 
 membership of the church. During his pastorate a 
 new building was erected in the rear of the church 
 for prayer meeting and Sabbath school purposes. 
 
 This was in 1845. Previous to that time the Sab- 
 bath school met in the basement of this edifice. Dr. S. 
 Irenaeus Prime, editor of the New York Observer, was 
 the Superintendent of it, and it is said that that which 
 
54 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 led to the erection of the additional building- was the 
 remark of Dr. Prime, that he didn't "believe in getting- 
 under ground until you had to." 
 
 In 1836 this church united with the Newark Pres- 
 bytery, in the New School Assembly, but in August, 
 1850, by a majority vote of the congregation, it with- 
 drew from that body and united with the Elizabeth 
 Presbytery, which was connected with the Old School 
 body. Undoubtedly the influence of Dr. Nathaniel S. 
 Prime and his son lrenseus, who were connected with 
 the congregation, the former supplying the pulpit dur- 
 ing Dr. Brinsmade's absence from home, and the latter 
 being Superintendent of the Sabbath school for many 
 years, had much to do with this change; as a result of 
 it a great many of the most influential families in the 
 church withdrew. 
 
 It is said that Dr. Nathaniel S. Prime, who was a 
 very powerful and popular preacher, while preaching 
 for Dr. Brinsmade during his absence in Europe, 
 fairly captivated the people by his eloquence. Many of 
 the sermons he then preached are recalled to-day with 
 pleasure and profit. But in the midst ol his great 
 popularity, he had the misfortune, in a Thanksgiving- 
 Sermon, to assail the Whig party and to declare in 
 favor of Democracy. Many arose and left the service, 
 and Dr. Prime never occupied the pulpit again, so 
 greatly had he offended the people. 
 
 The pastoral relation between Dr. Brinsmade and 
 this church was dissolved October 9th, 1853. 
 
 After leaving Newark he served the Congrega- 
 tional church of Beloit, Wisconsin, as pastor, lor seven 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 55 
 
 years, and filled a Professorial position in the College 
 of the same city for about four years. 
 
 In 1864, eleven years after leaving Newark, he 
 was invited by one of the wealthy and influential elders 
 in this church, to return to this city and take charge of 
 a new enterprise. He did so, and subsequently organ- 
 ized what is now known as the Wyckliffe Presbyterian 
 church. Twenty of the members of this congregation 
 followed their beloved former pastor to his new field 
 of labor. 
 
 Dr. Brinsmade " fell asleep in Jesus " in this city 
 which was so dear to his heart, January 18th, 1879, m 
 the 82d year of his age. But few men were ever more 
 beloved in life, or sincerely mourned in death, than 
 this loving and faithful servant of Jesus Christ; the 
 memory of him is fresh, and his influence still felt in 
 this community. 
 
 The fifth pastor of this church was the Rev. Elijah 
 R. Craven, D. D., LL. D., who was called October 
 2d, 1854. He was then pastor of the Second Re- 
 formed church of Somerville, New Jersey. He 
 was inducted into the pastoral office by the Pres- 
 bytery of Passaic, under whose jurisdiction the church 
 was at that time, October 30th, 1854. 
 
 During Dr. Craven's pastorate great changes 
 took place. Protestant churches greatly multiplied 
 in this general neighborhood; there was an appre- 
 ciable falling off in Presbyterian population within 
 the territory from which the church was expected 
 to receive its membership; Wyckliffe and Calvary 
 church, the latter taking twenty-one members from 
 
56 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 this church, were organized. All of these things 
 made the work difficult and greatly retarded progress. 
 While Dr. Craven was here the edifice was remodeled 
 and the Chapel with its Lecture room, Sabbath school 
 rooms, parlor and study was built, at an expenditure 
 of over $73,000. 
 
 Dr. Craven was appointed Chairman of the General 
 Assembly's Committee to Revise the Book of Disci- 
 pline, a work of great importance, which required 
 years of labor to perform; that revised book is now 
 the law of the Presbyterian Church. In 1885 he was 
 elected Moderator of the General Assembly in session 
 at Cincinnati, Ohio. He was one of the contributors to 
 the Anglo-American Edition of Lange's Commentary. 
 He is authority on Presbyterian law, and Parlia- 
 mentary Rules and Usages. He has long filled the 
 position of Secretary of the Board of Directors of 
 Princeton University. 
 
 I would say with reference to Dr. Craven, what he 
 said in his semi-centennial sermon with reference to Dr. 
 Dickinson : " The time has not arrived, and may it be 
 long distant, when it would be proper to present to 
 the public a portraiture of the life and character of 
 Dr. Craven, as he is still living." 
 
 The pastoral relation between Dr. Craven and this 
 Church was dissolved June 27th, 1887, having lasted 
 almost a generation. He resigned to accept the Sec- 
 retaryship of the Board of Publication of the Presby- 
 terian Church, which position he still fills. 
 
 During his pastorate Dr. Craven received into the 
 membership of the Church, eight hundred and thirty- 
 
SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 57 
 
 two persons. His ministry here was remarkably able 
 and successful. He built well and strongly the walls 
 of Zion, and holds a warm place in the affections of 
 the people whom he served so long and so faithfully. 
 
 My predecessors in the pastoral office here were 
 all able and faithful ministers of the Lord Jesus Christ, 
 "holding fast the form of sound words;" so that while 
 other churches have drifted on a sea of doubt into star- 
 less darkness, this church has gone grandly forward, 
 guided by the star of Truth, towards her destined haven. 
 
 With reference to myself I have but little to say. 
 You unanimously called me in January, 1888, from 
 the Grand Avenue Presbyterian Church of St. Louis, 
 Mo., to become the sixth pastor of this Church, and 
 1 was installed April 26th, 1888. 
 
 I have endeavored to preach to you the Gospel in 
 its simplicity ; my sole aim has been to win souls for 
 Christ, and to lead Christians into a more spiritual life, 
 and a deeper experience of grace. 
 
 In 1889 the William Street Mission was opened, 
 and has continued in successful operation ever since. 
 In addition to the Evangelistic services on Friday 
 evening, a Sabbath School of over fifty scholars is held 
 every Sabbath afternoon, and a Kindergarten attended 
 by twenty children meets every weekday except 
 Saturday. The Trustees have enlarged the Hall and 
 fitted it up at considerable expense, so that it is in 
 every way suited to the work. This Mission has been 
 a fountain of living water to many ; souls have been 
 saved, and God's people edified through its services. 
 
 That God has looked with favor upon my endeav- 
 
58 SHORT SKETCHES OF FORMER PASTORS. 
 
 ors in His name, and in dependence on His Spirit, is 
 seen in the fact that during my eleven years of service 
 here four hundred and sixty-four persons have been 
 enrolled as members of the Church, and not a single 
 communion has passed without additions on profes- 
 sion of faith. 
 
 Without counting those received during the pastor- 
 ate of the Rev. Mr. Russell, under whom the Church 
 was organized, two hundred and forty -one persons con- 
 stituting the original Church, the average annual ad- 
 ditions have been as follows : during Dr. Dickinson's 
 pastorate, 38; during Dr. Treat's, 31; during Dr. 
 Brinsmade's, 38; during Dr. Craven's, 25; during my 
 own, 42. The whole number received into the Church 
 since its organization is two thousand five hundred 
 and eighty-three. 
 
 Brethren, I am not here to speak of the past of my 
 ministry among you; but 1 would ask you to pray that 
 my future ministry here may indeed be redolent with 
 the grace of God, fruitful in souls led to Christ, and 
 noted for the edification of saints. That these ends 
 may be attained I beseech you, in the name of my 
 Master and yours, to give me your hearty co-opera- 
 tion "in every good word and work," knowing that 
 soon "the night cometh in which no man can work.'' 
 Let us laoor on a little longer for our dear Lord, and 
 for perishing souls, and after a while we shall rest in 
 that land where we shall look into the faces of the men 
 of God we have been talking about to-night, and those 
 sainted ones who held up their hands, with their 
 prayers and sympathy and co-operation. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
Seventy-Fifth Anniversary. 
 
 An Account of the Observance of the Seventy- 
 Fifth Aniversary of the Organization of 
 the Third Presbyterian Church 
 of Newark, New Jersey. 
 
 by rev. a. nelson hollifield, d.d. 
 
 The various exercises connected with the observ- 
 ance of the seventy -fifth anniversary of the organization 
 of the Third Presbyterian Church were worthy of 
 the important occasion, reflected credit upon those 
 in charge of them, and called forth great enthusiasm. 
 On Sabbath morning, June 4th, the Pastor, Dr. Holli- 
 field, read a sermon preached by the Rev. Baxter 
 Dickinson, D. D., the second Pastor of the Church, and 
 in the evening he gave sketches of the former pastors. 
 
 The following Tuesday evening a Reminiscence 
 Meeting was held, on which occasion William Rankin, 
 LL.D., a former Elder of the Church ; Horace Ailing, 
 the Senior Elder of the Church ; George A. Bruen, for 
 many years Organist of the Church ; Clinton B. Price, 
 J. Henry Huntington, Sr., and J. H. Huntington, Jr., 
 gave interesting reminiscences. 
 
 On the following Thursday evening, June 8th, 
 the date of the organization of the Church, a 
 Reception was given, which was attended by a large 
 number of the former and present members of the 
 Church. After refreshments had been served, brief 
 addresses of congratulation were made by the Rev. Drs. 
 Frazer, Hopwood and Haley. Cabinet sized crayon por- 
 traits of Drs. Dickinson, Treat, Brinsmade and Craven, 
 
62 
 
 former pastors of the Church, together with one of 
 similar size of Miss A. Adelaide Brown, the Missionary 
 in India of the Women's Foreign Missionary Society 
 of the Church, and a photograph of Robert B. Camp- 
 field, one of the early Elders and Trustees of the 
 Church, adorned the walls of the parlor. 
 
 On Sabbath morning, June nth, Dr. Hollifield 
 delivered the historical sermon to a large congregation. 
 The Church was tastefully and beautifully decorated 
 with flags, incandescent designs, palms, potted plants 
 and cut flowers. 
 
 In the evening a large congregation assembled to 
 witness the anniversary exercises by the Sabbath 
 Schools, which were most interesting ; they were par- 
 ticipated in by the Parish, William Street and Chinese 
 Schools. A pleasing feature of the occasion was the 
 reception into the membership of the Church on profes- 
 sion of their faith of eight members of the Parish School. 
 
 The following Tuesday evening papers were read 
 by Miss Theresa T. Burnett, Mr. William F. Cone 
 and Mr. J. M. Cobb, and reminiscences were given by 
 Mrs. Sarah B. Morris, a lineal descendant of one of 
 the settlers of Newark. 
 
 It is greatly regretted that the interesting remini- 
 scences given by Mr. George A. Bruen, Mr. J. Henry 
 Huntington, Sr., Mr. J. H. Huntington, Jr., Mr. Clinton 
 B. Price and Mrs. Sarah B. Morris were not written, 
 that they might have been preserved in this permanent 
 form. 
 
 The absence of the Rev. Dr. Craven, the only sur- 
 viving former Pastor of the Church, from the anniver- 
 sary exercises, was greatly regretted; he was frequently 
 and urgently invited to be present and preach a sermon 
 on the occasion, but was unable to do so. 
 
 The press of Newark for over a week devoted 
 much space to the event, giving very full reports of the 
 sermons and printing pictures of the pastors. Below 
 is given a few extracts from " The Advertiser" and 
 " The News" : 
 
 " The celebration of the seventy-fifth anniversary 
 
63 
 
 of its organization was continued yesterday by the 
 Third Presbyterian Church, a commemoratory sermon 
 being delivered by the pastor, the Rev. Dr. A. Nelson 
 Hollifield. The Church was elaborately decorated with 
 flags and bunting, and standing out from the organ 
 were the figures " 1824 — 1899." The sermon was an 
 historical one, " The Days of Old ; or, The Puritans 
 and Their Descendants." In his introductory remarks 
 Dr. Hollifield said he would give a sample of the old 
 Puritan sermon, and the sample was an hour and twenty 
 minutes long. 
 
 " Dr. Hollifield spoke most sympathetically of the 
 deceased members of the congregation. In his perora- 
 tion he became eloquent." — The Advertiser. 
 
 " The observance of the seventy-fifth anniversary 
 of the founding of the Third Presbyterian Church was 
 concluded yesterday, when, at the morning service, the 
 pastor, Rev. Dr. A. Nelson Hollifield, delivered an his- 
 torical discourse. 
 
 " There was also a special musical programme, 
 consisting of vocal selections by the quartette choir 
 and soloists. The church, which was crowded to the 
 doors, was profusely decorated. Suspended in front 
 of the organ pipes were the emblematic figures, 
 " 1824 — 1899,'' incandescently illuminated. Palms and 
 potted flowers were conspicuously arranged, and flags 
 and bunting added to the ornamentation." — The News. 
 
 "The Sabbath School anniversary exercises, held in 
 the evening, were pleasingly arranged. The Church 
 was crowded, and the decorations, which were arranged 
 by Clarence W. Ailing, were as fine as any ever seen in 
 Newark. They consisted of flags, flowers and electri- 
 cal effects. Eight of the scholars were received by the 
 pastor and the session into Church membership. Two 
 infants were baptized. Bibles and testaments were 
 presented by the pastor as rewards for memorizing the 
 shorter catechism and commandments, and diplomas 
 were given to graduates from the primary and inter- 
 mediate departments. 
 
 " The William Street Branch of the school and the 
 
64 
 
 Chinese scholars participated in the programme by 
 repeating the Twenty-third Psalm and Apostle's Creed. 
 A prominent incident of the evening was an exercise 
 by a score of the younger children. As each scholar 
 stepped to the front and recited an appropriate Scrip- 
 ture verse, the initial letter was flashed out in electric 
 lights until the words " Seventy-five Years of Progress 
 by Faith in Christ " blazed across the front of the organ, 
 producing a dazzlingly beautiful effect.'' — The News. 
 
 "The Sunday School of the Third Presbyterian 
 Church was seventy-five years old and the anniversary 
 exercises were held in the evening. The church was 
 crowded to overflowing. The decorations consisted 
 of flags and flowers, tastefully combined. 
 
 "Interest reached its height when eight of the pu- 
 pils were received by the pastor, Rev. Dr. A. Nelson 
 Hollifield, and session into church membership, Two 
 infants were also baptized. 
 
 "Bibles and testaments were presented by the 
 pastor to the pupils who had memorized the snorter 
 catechism and commandments, and diplomas were 
 given to graduates from the primary and intermediate 
 departments. 
 
 "The William street branch of the school and the 
 Chinese pupils participated in the programme by re- 
 peating the twenty-third Psalm and Apostles' Creed. 
 
 "An incident of the evening was an exercise by a 
 score of the younger children. As each child stepped 
 to the front and recited an appropriate Scriptural 
 verse, the initial letter was flashed out in electric lights 
 until the words "Seventy-five years of 'progress by 
 faith in Christ" blazed across the front of the organ. 
 
 At the close of the exercises the venerable Wil- 
 liam Rankin was called to the platform and presented 
 to the school as its Superintendent of forty-five years 
 ago.'' — The Advertiser. 
 
 All of the expenses of the anniversary were cheer- 
 fully defrayed by the Board of Trustees. 
 
 To Clarence W. Ailing, of the Board of Trustees, 
 as Chairman of the Committee on Decorations, and 
 
65 
 
 M. J. Price, of the Session, as Chairman of the Re- 
 ception Committee, is due, in a very large measure, 
 the credit for the marked success achieved in their 
 respective departments. J. Henry Huntington, Jr., 
 was in charge of the music, which was rendered with 
 artistic skill, and aided greatly in making all of the 
 services a success. 
 
 The above is simply a rough outline of a memora- 
 ble anniversary, whose inspiring exercises and scenes 
 will never be forgotten by those whose good fortune it 
 was to be present. 
 
 Reminiscences 
 
 BY MR. HORACE ALLING. 
 
 I have been requested by our pastor to give a few 
 reminiscences, which I shall endeavor to do in as brief 
 a manner as possible. 
 
 My entire life has been spent in this Church. It 
 is the only Church home I have ever known. The 
 same is true of my wife, whose mother was one of the 
 original members, coming from the First Church to 
 organize it. 
 
 It has been my pleasure to know personally every 
 one of its pastors, and have witnessed all the changes 
 that have taken place during a large portion of the 
 seventy-five years of its history. 
 
 It is difficult for me to realize that I am now the 
 Senior Elder in this Church, with which my earliest 
 recollections are associated. 
 
 An incident occurred when I was a child of perhaps 
 six years, which I vividly recall. On a Sabbath morn- 
 ing, the Rev. Mr. Russell, our first pastor, had invi- 
 
66 
 
 ted a representative of one ol tne Mission Boards to 
 preach, and, as 1, child like, sitting with my mother in 
 the pew, was very uneasy, getting off the seat, then 
 down on the floor, my good mother whispered to me, 
 that if I did not keep quiet, she would tell Mr. Russell. 
 Directly after this warning, Mr. Russell lelt the pulpit 
 and walked down the aisle to our pew, and took a seat. 
 It goes without saying that I crept very close to my 
 mother, and was as quiet as a church mouse during the 
 rest of the service. 
 
 In my seventeenth year I united with this Church, 
 under the pastorate of the Rev. Selah B. Treat. I also 
 became a member of a large Bible class taught by 
 Elder Pinneo, which met in the double pews of the 
 Church. Mr. Pinneo subsequently left this Church to 
 organize the High Street Church ; he was noted for 
 his great liberality, and noble Christian character. He 
 lived to celebrate his eightieth year; he was a valued 
 personal friend of mine. 
 
 About the time I united with the Church, a morn- 
 ing prayer meeting was held at 9 o'clock each Sabbath 
 in the Church, and through summer's heat and winter's 
 cold, a few members were always present. This con- 
 tinued for several years, led by the elder brethren of 
 the Church, of whom I recall Father Hedden and El- 
 ders Campfield, Richards and Crowell ; this meeting 
 was held in one of the ante-rooms in the basement of 
 the Church. 
 
 In 1834 a Missionary Society was organized which 
 continued in existence for a long period. Regular 
 monthly meetings were held and anniversaries cele- 
 brated, and also yearly collections for the society made. 
 It was called " The Youths' Missionary Society of the 
 Third Presbyterian Church." Its object was the sup- 
 port of a foreign missionary. All of the young people 
 of the Church and Sunday School were enrolled as 
 members. Some of the presiding officers were Lewis 
 C. Grover, Dr. Mortimer Brown, John R. Weeks, 
 Isaac A. Ailing and Charles S. Haines. 
 
 A morning daily prayer meeting was also held for 
 
6 7 
 
 several weeks at 6 o'clock during the revival in 1832, 
 which service I often attended. 
 
 i\fter many years of most acceptable service, Elder 
 Frederick S. Thomas retired from the Superintendency 
 of the Sabbath School, and the Rev. Dr. S. Irenasus 
 Prime, editor of the New York Observer, who was a 
 member of the congregation, was elected to the posi- 
 tion. Dr. Prime was as noted for his liberality as for 
 his learning. The School then met in the basement of 
 the Church, and soon after his election the necessity of 
 enlarged quarters was apparent, and in the year 1845 
 the Trustees, with the sanction of the congregation, 
 erected the building directly in the rear of our present 
 structure. The school rapidly increased in numbers, 
 about four hundred and fifty being enrolled. Dr. 
 Prime officiated as Superintendent for about ten years. 
 He resigned, having planned to make his home in New 
 York, amidst the sincere regrets of the Sabbath School 
 and Church. 
 
 In the Summer of 1862, some four or five teachers 
 of the Sabbath School, consisting of Messrs. Dorrance, 
 Dawson, Doty and myself, feeling the importance of 
 establishing a Mission School, visited from house to 
 house in the vicinity of our Church, taking in William, 
 Halsey and Washington streets. We found a large 
 number of children who were very poor, and their pa- 
 rents were glad to have their children attend school 
 and receive religious instruction. A mission school 
 was soon organized. On the first Sabbath there were 
 about twenty-six scholars, the following Sabbath forty- 
 two were present, and before the winter set in there 
 were gathered into the school some one hundred and 
 fifty scholars, and many of the teachers of the Church 
 School took charge of the classes. E. F. Dorrance was 
 Superintendent and I was Assistant Superintendent of 
 the school until it became part of the main school. 
 
 This Mission School was held at half-past 1 o'clock, 
 so that the teachers and others could attend the after- 
 noon preaching service in the Church, which was then 
 held at half -past 2 o'clock. At 4 o'clock the regular 
 
68 
 
 Church Sabbath School convened. Attendance on 
 these services and the morning - service made a pretty 
 full day, and yet we found great joy in it. 
 
 A committee of the Mission School teachers re- 
 solved themselves into a society to look after the needs 
 of the poor children. We bought cloth by the bale 
 and shoes by the case, and the garments were made 
 and fitted by a number of the lady teachers in the Sun- 
 day School room. Certain days were appointed from 
 week to week for their meetings, so that their temporal 
 as well as spiritual needs were supplied. It meant 
 work and self-denial, but a blessing was in it. 
 
 About ten years after its organization the Mission 
 School was merged in the Parish School. 
 
 As no pictures of the original Church edifice are 
 known to exist, it may be of interest to describe it. 
 Originally an uncovered stone platform, about fifteen 
 feet wide, elevated about five feet above the ground, 
 extended across the entire front of the building, and 
 was reached by seven steps, which occupied a space in 
 front of about ten feet ; it was also reached by steps 
 from either side. The platform was surrounded by an 
 iron railing. 
 
 About 1855 this platform was replaced by a new 
 one seven feet wide, which extended the whole length 
 of the Church and was without a railing ; it was 
 reached by steps extending its whole length. 
 
 This remained until 1870 when it was removed, 
 and the front of the church received its present form. 
 
 The edifice was originally surmounted by a tower, 
 the base of which was dome-shaped ; it was of symmet- 
 rical proportions and of considerable architectural 
 beauty. There was a spacious basement, which was 
 used for Sabbath School, and Prayer meeting purposes. 
 
 The woodwork of the interior was painted white 
 and the windows were supplied with green blinds. 
 Originally the gallery extended around three sides of 
 the audience room; the choir occupying the entire 
 section over the main entrance. The pulpit was a 
 striking feature of the interior of the Church, it being 
 
6 9 
 
 elevated about eleven feet above the main floor ; the 
 stairs leading to it wound in a semi-circular form, 
 and the space back of it was handsomely draped 
 with rich crimson silk damask, held in place by heavy 
 silk cord and tassels. 
 
 At first we had a large and efficient chorus choir. 
 The organ was introduced in 1834. The Sabbath 
 Schools held their anniversaries in May, when the 
 schools occupied the galleries, and the congregation 
 the body of the Church. 
 
 Formerly there were four large square pews in 
 the Church at the head of the side aisles, which were 
 occupied every Sabbath by large and prominent fami- 
 lies. The first parsonage owned by the Church was 
 located on the southeast corner of Broad and Walnut 
 streets. Subsequently a new parsonage was built 
 south of the old one, and now occupied by Dr. J. C. 
 Young; this was subsequently sold and the present 
 property, No. 30 Walnut street, purchased at a cost of 
 $17*000. 
 
 In 1889 the Church was handsomely frescoed and 
 recarpeted and electric lights introduced. 
 
 If time permitted I would refer to the revivals that 
 have been enjoyed in our Church, several of which were 
 remarkable for their thoroughness and widespread 
 and lasting influence. In them the great doctrines of 
 the gospel were preached in their purity, the Holy 
 Spirit honored the truth, and as a result sinners had a 
 conviction of sin and a satisfying faith in Jesus as their 
 Saviour that are rare to-day. 
 
 I am glad to say that without a single exception 
 our pastors have been faithful preachers of the Gospel 
 of Jesus Christ. 
 
 In taking this retrospect, I can but recall the many 
 good men and women with whom I have here wor- 
 shipped, and their name is legion, who have " fallen 
 asleep in Jesus," and my prayer is that all who may 
 succeed them may be as faithful to their covenant vows, 
 and as loyal to the interests of this beloved Church, as 
 they were. Then it " shall still bring forth fruit in old 
 
70 
 
 age ; it shall be fat and flourishing, to shew that the 
 Lord is upright.'' 
 
 That God may bless it in the future as in the past, 
 and even more abundantly, is my earnest prayer. 
 
 Reminiscences 
 
 BY WILLIAM RANKIN, LL.D. 
 
 This Church was organized June 8th, 1824. On the 
 fifth of the following month the corner stone of its house 
 of worship was laid, and I am invited to narrate some 
 reminiscences of that early period. I was then a lad of 
 thirteen years growth. My home was on Broad street 
 fronting the Military Park, which was my play ground 
 most of the year, and in winter my skating pond. My 
 parents were members of the Second Presbyterian 
 Church with which they united under its first pastor, 
 Rev. Hooper Cumming. 
 
 The town had a population of between seven and 
 eight thousand. Besides the First and Second Presby- 
 terian Churches and Trinity, there was a frame Metho- 
 dist Church on Halsey street, and a Baptist church on 
 the corner of Academy and Halsey streets, now a sash 
 and blind factory. There was also the foundation walls 
 of the First Roman Catholic Church on Mulberry street, 
 whose consecration I witnessed. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Richards, pastor of the 'First Presbyter- 
 ian Church, resigned his charge in the Fall of 1823. 
 Two candidates for the vacant pulpit soon appeared; 
 William T. Hamilton and Joshua T. Russell, who di- 
 vided the affections of the congregation. The conten- 
 tion was sharp, and at one of the meetings to discuss 
 their respective merits when I was present, Elder 
 
7i 
 
 Hornblower, afterwards Chief Justice of the State, 
 said he was willing to get on his knees before the peo- 
 ple and beg their votes for his favorite candidate. His 
 appeal, and that of those who sided with him resulted 
 in the choice of Mr. Hamilton. The minority unwil- 
 ling to acquiesce, at once formed a new organization 
 called the Third Presbyterian Church of Newark, and 
 invited their favorite candidate, Rev. Joshua T. Rus- 
 sell to become its first pastor. 
 
 The division of the mother church then greatly 
 needed, thus was accomplished on the principle of per- 
 sonal elective affinity. The victors in the parish strug- 
 gle were generous conquerors. They set off to their 
 seceding brethern a portion of their endowment lands 
 and until the new Church afforded accommodations, 
 the two pastors shared in the Sabbath services of the 
 First church. 
 
 Of these two men, Mr. Hamilton had superior 
 mental training, and was an eloquent and instructive 
 preacher. Mr. Russell, though several years his senior 
 in age, was much inferior in scholarship, but more im- 
 pressive and magnetic in the lecture room, and his 
 earliest pulpit discourses were his best. 
 
 Besides a prayer meeting held in the cabinet ware- 
 room of Elder McDougall, on Broad street. Mr. Rus- 
 sell had a weekly service in the white school house then 
 standing on what is now Lincoln Park, both of which I 
 attended with my father, whose growing interest in 
 Mr. Russell led him to remove his connection with the 
 Second Church and identify himself and family with 
 this new enterprise. He subscribed $500 toward this 
 building, and when it was finished was the owner of 
 two adjoining pews on the middle aisle, one of them 
 now occupied by his grandson. When no suitable 
 house for the pastor could be rented he bought one ex- 
 pressly for his use, and became his accommodating 
 landlord. As yon walls were going up it was my pas- 
 time at intervals of school hours to watch their progress 
 and lend a boy's hand to the windlass in hoisting the 
 timbers. 
 
72 
 
 When the basement room was finished and seated, 
 public religious services were held in it, including 
 preaching on the Sabbath. A Sunday School was or- 
 ganized with Elder Ellison Conger Superintendent. 
 Moses Lyon was my teacher, and his lessons were the 
 proof texts of the shorter Catechism to be memorized 
 and recited. 
 
 The dedication of the completed building took 
 place February 25th, 1825, and my school teacher gave 
 me a holiday to attend the services. I remember how 
 Solomon's Temple and his prayer at its dedication 
 entered largely into the pastor's elaborate sermon on 
 the occasion. Simultaneously with this an invisible 
 temple was rising, whose master builder was the Holy 
 Ghost. Weekly conference meetings were held at the 
 parsonage, and after passing from one to another in 
 silent personal interviews with inquirers, the pastor 
 would break the stillness of the room with his sonorous 
 voice singing lines which I have failed to find in cur- 
 rent Hymnals; " Oh, Jesus, My Saviour to Thee I sub- 
 mit; with joy and thanksgiving fall down at Thy feet;" 
 
 At this time also a Young People's Missionary So- 
 ciety was formed, of which I was a director, and money 
 was raised to educate a heathen boy to bear the name of 
 Joshua T. Russell. 
 
 Four and a half years after the pastor's dedicatory 
 service, I heard his farewell sermon and saw tears flow 
 from eyes in the seat before mie. "Hinder me not," 
 were the preacher's pathetic words — " I must be gone 
 to the field where the Lord has called me.'' 
 
 That field was an agency under the Assembly's 
 Board of Domestic Missions. My father before this 
 had left the Church and taken his certificate to the First 
 Church. This was during my absence at college, and 
 I never heard from him the reason of his so doing. He 
 was a very busy man during the working days of the 
 week, and greatly enjoyed not only the rest of the Sab- 
 bath, but the preaching of the word. The shorter 
 Catechism was the mould into which his religious sym- 
 
73 
 
 pathies were cast, the whole of which his children 
 recited to him every Sabbath evening, and I have 
 thought that its cardinal doctrines were not made suf- 
 ficiently prominent in the sermons he heard. 
 
 Mr. Russell, though apparently a strong and vig- 
 orous man, complained much of poor health, and I have 
 heard him publicly assign this as a reason for his want 
 of pulpit preparation, and he often called to his assist- 
 ance unwelcome substitutes. It must be remembered, 
 however, that in those days ministers took no vaca- 
 tions. There were no summer resorts, and if there 
 were, no facilities of reaching them such as they now 
 have. Paul's remedy for the oft infirmities of his son 
 Timothy was not infrequently resorted to. 
 
 On one of my college vacations at home, I attended 
 Sabbath services here, and occupied my former (then 
 vacated) pew. A celebrated temperance lecturer, Rev. 
 Dr. Hewitt, of Bridgeport, Conn., and Mr. Russell were 
 in the pulpit, and while the former was depicting in 
 his sermon the evil effects of the drink habit which in 
 those days marred so many of our Communion rolls, I 
 was startled when he turned his back to the audience 
 and pointed his extended arm at the pastor and asked 
 in ringing words: " How can we expect reformation 
 of the people unless their minister sets the example ? " 
 
 About twenty years after this I was a fellow pas- 
 senger on an ocean steamer with Dr. Hewitt, and in 
 conversation with him referred to this scene in New- 
 ark. He well remembered it, and said, " I knew all 
 about Russell, I spent that Sunday with him, and at 
 the dinner table there was silence tor a long time which 
 he finally broke saying: ' Brother Hewitt, that was an 
 excellent sermon of yours this morning. There is an 
 old deacon in my church whom it squarely hit.' '' 
 
 Mr. Russell did not long retain his agency. In 
 1834 I met him in Louisville, Ky. He was supplying a 
 small Church in the neighborhood of that city and then 
 went to a place in Mississippi where he joined the Bap- 
 tist Communion. 
 
 After leaving college 1 returned to this church and 
 
74 
 
 for a year and a half enjoyed the ministry of Dr. Baxter 
 Dickinson, of which Elder Horace Ailing can speak 
 more intelligently than I. In a great revival in 1832, 
 which shook the whole town, he would not permit new 
 measures, as they were called, to be introduced into 
 this Church, though generally adopted elsewhere, and 
 conservative doctrinal instruction characterized all his 
 preaching, a summary of which was afterwards em- 
 bodied in the celebrated Andover Declaration, of which 
 he was the distinguished author. After his resignation 
 his hospitable home on Walnut Hill, near Cincinnati, 
 was a favorite visiting place when I was a resident of 
 that city. 
 
 Of the short and successful pastorate of Dr. Treat 
 I cannot speak, my home being then in the west. 
 
 On my return to Newark in 1850 I came back to 
 my old spiritual home and drank from the stream that 
 flowed through the heart and life of Dr. Horatio N. 
 Brinsmade, where also I received official honors from 
 the Church and from the Sunday-School. The protract- 
 ed illness of Mrs. Brinsmade and necessity of her re- 
 moval to another climate compelled his resignation and 
 some years later alter her death on his returning here 
 with her remains for burial this congregation invited 
 him to take charge of one of their mission daughters 
 and organize Wyckliffe Church. The call was accepted 
 and there he again became my pastor. On the with- 
 drawal of Dr. Brinsmade from this pulpit I assisted 
 in the removal from Somerville of a goodly young 
 cedar and planting it here where it long grew and 
 flourished and became a stately tree when providence 
 removed me from under its beneficent shade and now 
 has removed it for a more expanded usefulness. 
 
 1 need not in this presence enlarge upon the work 
 here of Dr. Craven. His fruitful pastorate which ex- 
 ceeded in years the combined pastorates of all his pre- 
 decessors speaks in expressive silence his praise. I 
 cannot close this recital without recalling to mind the 
 venerable fathers of the laity who founded this church, 
 and the consecrated women their associates, and my 
 
75 
 
 own associates in the Eldership of later dates, none of 
 whom now survive, but my time is limited. 
 
 Though they who follow me in this memorial ser- 
 vice may give more interesting details from personal 
 experience, yet I doubt if anyone can furnish a more 
 ancient record than the one to whose recital you have 
 so patiently listened. 
 
 My congratulations on this joyous occasion are to 
 pastor and people so happily united, and when the 
 passing years shall bring about the centennial celebra- 
 tion of this dear old church, may he whom we all ex- 
 pect to hear on the coming Sabbath again preach its 
 historical sermon. 
 
 History of Sabbath School from 1824 to 1899 
 
 BY T. M. COBB. 
 
 In 1874, on the occasion of the semi-centennial of 
 our church, a remarkably clear and concise history of 
 the Sabbath School was prepared by Mr. Charles A. 
 Carter, a man of God, who for many years was actively 
 engaged in the work of both Church and Sabbath 
 School. 
 
 Though he was spared to a ripe old age, Mr. 
 Carter continued with us as a faithful teacher almost to 
 the end of his life, and when, in the year 1884, he was 
 called to his reward, there was universal mourning in 
 our school. 
 
 All who may be interested in the history of the first 
 half-century of the school, are commended to the Semi- 
 centennial Book published by the Church, which, in 
 addition to Mr. Carter's article, contains much other 
 interesting information concerning the past of the old 
 
7 6 
 
 Third Church. In the preparation of the present brief 
 sketch, the purpose has not been to again review this 
 previous history, but merely to bring the record up to 
 date in 1 899 — the Diamond \v edding Year of our Church 
 and Sabbath School. 
 
 The Sabbath School Superintendent occupies a 
 position of great and serious responsibility, and the 
 school honors the man to whom it intrusts the Superin- 
 tendency. It will not be inappropriate, therefore, to 
 call the roll of all who have been thus honored in the 
 Third Church, in the order of their incumbency, giving 
 dates where possible : 
 
 1 st. Ellison Conger, "] 
 
 2d. John Chandler, 
 
 3d. Timothy B. Crowell, \- 1824 — 1841. 
 
 4th. Frederick S. Thomas, 
 
 5th. Daniel Price, 
 
 6th. S. Iraenus Prime, 1841 — 1849. 
 
 7th. John R. Davison, 1849 — 1856. 
 
 8th. William Rankin, 1856 — 1864. 
 
 9th. Charles Harrison, 1864 — 1866. 
 
 10th. William H. Jackson, 1866 — 1872. 
 
 nth. J. Henry Huntington, 1872 — 1889. 
 
 1 2th. Jeremiah M. Cobb, 1889 — 1899. 
 
 13th. J. H. Huntington, Jr. 1899 — 
 
 Nine of these thirteen men have finished their 
 earthly course and gone to their reward. William 
 Rankin, the eighth on the roll, is now an Elder in the 
 High Street Presbyterian Church. Though nearly 
 ninety years old, he still exhibits remarkable vitality 
 and is keenly interested in all that concerns the growth 
 of Christ's kingdom at home and abroad, while the 
 Sabbath School work is as dear to his heart as it 
 ever was. 
 
 Said Mr. Carter in 1874: "Mr. J. Henry Huntington, 
 our present efficient guide and director, is in his second 
 year as Superintendent, and will be retained during 
 good behavior." 
 
77 
 
 Said " good behavior " proved to be long-lived, for it 
 survived seventeen years, i. e., from 1872 to 1889 — and 
 the only lapse then discoverable was Mr. Huntington's 
 positive refusal to continue longer in the office for 
 which by unanimous agreement he was so grandly 
 equipped, and to which he for many years ungrudg- 
 ingly devoted thought and energy. With great reluc- 
 tance the school finally yielded to Mr. Huntington's 
 wishes, and in May, 1889, chose another for its Super- 
 intendent, viz., Mr. Jeremiah M. Cobb. In order that 
 the school might continue to enjoy the official counsel 
 of its former leader, the office of Advisory Superin- 
 tendent was at this time created and Mr. Huntington 
 was by acclamation chosen to fill it for a life term. 
 
 The school was then, as it always has been, in 
 healthy condition, both as to membership and spiritual 
 vigor. 
 
 Having completed ten years of service, Mr. Cobb 
 retired from the Superintendency in May of the present 
 year, and was succeeded by Mr. J. H. Huntington, Jr. 
 
 Mr. Huntington is the organist of our Church, 
 and has for a long time been actively engaged as teacher 
 and musical director in the school, and as was said of 
 his father twenty-five years ago, " will be retained as 
 Superintendent during good behavior." 
 
 Until recently the enrolled membership averaged 
 about three hundred and fifty. Because of removals 
 and for other good reasons, the present membership 
 is somewhat less than that of previous years, but plans 
 have been matured for again measuring up to the old 
 standard, and a successful outcome is confidently antici- 
 pated. 
 
 The amount contributed by the school during 
 the twenty-five years, for missionary causes, cannot be 
 stated with exactness, but conservatively speaking 
 foots up about ten thousand dollars, which added to the 
 estimate made for the first fifty years, makes a grand 
 total of thirty thousand dollars. This money has gone 
 far and wide, carrying gospel light into many of earth's 
 dark corners. For years the sum of $140.00 was an- 
 
78 
 
 nually contributed toward the support of a mission 
 school in China, but when, in the year 1893, Miss 
 A. Adelaide Brown, a beloved child of our Church, 
 enlisted for mission work in India, the school discon- 
 tinued its support of the Chinese work, and in place 
 thereof assumed the payment of a part of Miss Brown's 
 salary. 
 
 It is beautifully fitting that Miss Brown, who grew 
 up in our midst, and who as scholar and teacher had 
 always been so closely identified with our interests here, 
 should represent us in far away India, and we rejoice 
 that the ties which for so long bound her to us, remain 
 unbroken. 
 
 Nine years ago the school adopted for all but the 
 Primary Department, a new plan of systematic giving. 
 Its purpose is mainly educational. Giving is held up 
 as privilege, rather than mere duty, and the scholars 
 are encouraged to become regular, and not spasmodic 
 givers. 
 
 The results have been highly satisfactory. During 
 the past six years every member of the school (if pres- 
 ent) has given something on every one of the three 
 hundred Sabbaths. 
 
 Further than this, the inevitable effect of this reg- 
 ularity has been to swell the total of the contribu- 
 tions over sixty-five per cent. 
 
 In 1898 a new graded plan went into operation. 
 An Intermediate Department was organized with Miss 
 May Connor as Superintendent. Scholars who pass 
 a satisfactory examination are now regularly graduated 
 to a higher department, and each graduate is pre- 
 sented with a diploma. 
 
 For nineteen years the Primary Department was 
 ably and faithfully conducted by Mrs. J. Henry 
 Huntington. In 1891, at her earnest request, Mrs. 
 Huntington was permitted to retire, and her associate, 
 Mrs. J. Woodbridge Barnes, was elected to the Super- 
 intendency of the department. 
 
 Mrs. Barnes is prominently identified with primary 
 school interests throughout New Jersey and neighbor- 
 
79 
 
 ing States, and the success which has attended her 
 work with us is a sufficient tribute to the value of 
 her services. 
 
 Incomplete records preclude a statement of the 
 exact number of school members who, since 1874, have 
 become church members, but it is within bounds to say 
 that at least two hundred and fifty have chosen for 
 Christ, making nearly eight hundred during the entire 
 existence of the school. 
 
 In 1884 a missionary band, known as the " Cru- 
 saders," and made up largely of Sabbath School 
 scholars, was organized. 
 
 Mrs. J. H. Huntington was the President of the 
 Band until 1898, when she was succeeded by Mrs 
 Joseph M. Sayre, who served one year, and by 
 Miss Mary Read, who, in January last, entered upon 
 her first year of service. 
 
 In a quiet way the Crusaders have achieved splen- 
 did results. The young have learned much concerning 
 mission fields, interest in mission work has been quick- 
 ened, and from the treasury of the Band has flowed a 
 steady stream of money for home and foreign work. 
 The sum total of the disbursements for the fifteen years 
 amounts to nearly two thousand dollars. 
 
 Four years ago Miss Catharine E. Graham organ- 
 ized, in connection with the William Street Mission 
 work of the Church, an Adult Bible Class. Because of 
 ill health Miss Graham has been unable to continue, 
 and Mrs. Theodore B. Wilcox is now conducting the 
 class. 
 
 The work has been enlarged by the formation of 
 three classes of children in charge of Mrs. Anna M. 
 King, Mrs. Clarence W. Ailing and Miss Augusta L. 
 Wilcox, the Bible Reader and Visitor of the Mission. 
 The total number enrolled in the school is fifty-eight, 
 and there is abundant promise of increasing growth 
 and fruitfulness in this mission work of our Sabbath 
 School vineyard. 
 
 A school for the instruction of Chinese was organ- 
 ized in the year 1881, and is still in successful operation, 
 
8o 
 
 meeting in the Church parlor every Sabbath afternoon. 
 For seventeen years Mr. Edwin M. Douglas, an Elder 
 of our Church, was Superintendent, but in 1898 he re- 
 tired and was succeeded by Dr. Theodorus B. Hascall. 
 The results of this work amongst the heathen whom 
 God has sent to us, have been highly gratifying, at least 
 fifteen having accepted Christ. Several of these are 
 consistent members of the Third Church, some are 
 faithfully serving Christ in other American cities, while 
 others have returned to their homes in China, there to 
 tell the "old, old story." Though the teachers of the 
 Chinese School come from other Churches and denom- 
 inations as well as from our own, and though the school 
 has no organic connection with our Church Sabbath 
 School, a special bond of interest has always been rec- 
 ognized as binding us together. 
 
 Mr. Horace Ailing, the present Senior Elder of our 
 Church, was enrolled as a scholar in our school as early 
 as the year 1830, but, so far as can be ascertained, 
 Mr. William Rankin is the only surviving Charter 
 Member. The workers are taken, but the work 
 goes on. 
 
 As we review the record we are moved to thanks- 
 giving and praise, for we find that at every step of the 
 way God has been with us. In His goodness, conse- 
 crated men and women have ever been ready to serve 
 in this delightful field of labor, and the harvest which 
 always rewards faithful seed-sowing has been abundant 
 with us. 
 
 May God's richest blessing ever abide with our 
 dear old School. 
 
8i 
 
 Foreign Missionary Work 
 
 BY MISS ALETHIA M. CARTER. 
 
 " Seed sown by God 
 To ripen in the day of harvest." 
 
 Such was the inscription found upon a tablet in an 
 old churchyard in Ottensen, near the venerable city 
 of Hamburgh. At the top of the antique memorial 
 were carved two sheaves of wheat, one leaning on the 
 other. It marked the resting place of one whose life 
 had been rich in good deeds. 
 
 As we erect a memorial stone in the history of our 
 Church, at this time, we find in the department of its 
 work for Foreign Missions, that all through the 
 seventy-five years, there have been seed sown for God, 
 and by Him, which are ripening for the day of harvest. 
 
 Like the gentle forces in nature, the influences ex- 
 erted through the agency of this foreign missionary 
 work have been quiet, but powerful. 
 
 Our Heavenly Father has blessed us at home and 
 in the distant lands where our labors have centred, and 
 we believe that the spirit of missions, which is the 
 spirit of Christ, has deepened and quickened among us 
 as the years have progressed. 
 
 In the first year of the organization of our Church 
 — 1824 — a "Young People's Society for Foreign Mis- 
 sions'' was formed. This Society flourished for about 
 eight years, supporting a boy in India, to whom the 
 name of " Joshua Russell" was given. 
 
 June 16th, 1834, "The Youths' Missionary Society 
 of the Third Presbyterian Church" was organized, 
 which took the place of the first Society. Monthly 
 meetings were held all the year round, and sometimes 
 two meetings each month were reported, when inter- 
 
82 
 
 esting speakers were provided, original essays were 
 read, and a series of lectures were given by the Rev. 
 S. Irenseus Prime, D. D. — a member of the Church — 
 upon such interesting topics as : " The Nestorians," 
 " The Progress of Missions,'' and " The Life and Work 
 of Dr. Ashabel Grant." 
 
 The anniversary meetings were always held in 
 the Church with special music by the choir, and were 
 occasions of much enthusiasm. 
 
 Two hundred and seventy-seven members were 
 enrolled, and sometimes the Society met on Sabbath 
 noons to ensure a full atendance of the children and 
 younger members. 
 
 Dr. W. Mortimer Brown was the President of this 
 Society from 1845 to 1848, and Mr. Horace Ailing was 
 the Secretary for a number of years. The average 
 yearly collections reported were §376, which were gen- 
 erally appropriated to making Life Members of the A. 
 B. C. F. M. at one hundred dollars each, of the vari- 
 ous members chosen to that honor by the Society. 
 
 There is no record of this Society after September, 
 185 1, although it continued its useful existence for many 
 years afterward. The contributions were always given 
 to the American Board, as the Board of Foreign Mis- 
 sions of the Presbyterian Church was not organized 
 until 1837. 
 
 After the organization of the undenominational 
 Woman's Union Missionary Society of New York, in 
 1 861, a collector was appointed to solicit contributions 
 from the ladies of the congregation for the work of 
 that Society, and these contributions averaged about 
 $30 a year. 
 
 In 1870 a denominational Woman's Foreign Mis- 
 sionary Society of the Presbyterian Church was formed 
 in Philadelphia, and on January 16, 1872, an auxiliary 
 to this society, called " The Woman's Foreign Mission- 
 ary Society of the Third Presbyteriun Church, New- 
 ark," was organized, and from that time to the present 
 God's superintending providence has been constantly 
 
83 
 
 illustrated in the successful work and progress of this 
 Foreign Missionary Society of our Church. 
 
 On April 22, 1872, the Society became auxiliary to 
 the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Pres- 
 bytery of Newark, and on June icth of that year Miss 
 Lillie B. Happer, the daughter of the late Rev. A. P. 
 Happer, D. D.,of Canton, China, became its missionary. 
 After more than seven years of faithful service Miss 
 Happer's resignation and marriage took place in the 
 Autumn of 1879, when her sister, Miss Alverda C. 
 Happer, was adopted as the missionary of the Society, 
 and remained its representative until her resignation in 
 1887, after eight years of successful service in Canton. 
 
 For six years following, the Society supported "The 
 Hospital School '' in Canton, until the Summer of 1893, 
 when Miss A. Adelaide Brown, a daughter of the late 
 Dr. W. Mortimer Brown, was appointed by the Pres- 
 byterian Board of Foreign Missions as a missionary to 
 India, and was adopted by the Society as its beloved 
 representative in that distant land. 
 
 Miss Brown sailed for Sangli, in the Western In- 
 dia Mission, on October 28th, 1893, and since then has 
 been wonderfully successful and blessed of God in her 
 work. 
 
 This daughter of our Church is beyond compare 
 one of the most useful, accomplished and consecrated 
 missionaries in connection with the Presbyterian Board 
 of Foreign Missions, and her frequent letters keep the 
 society in close touch with its missionary's work. 
 
 Monthly meetings of the Societv are held in the 
 afternoons from October to June inclusive, and the 
 average attendance reported last year was thirty-eight, 
 the highest number of any preceding year. There are 
 eighty-eight members, and with special gifts from the 
 Sunday School, Crusaders' Band and friends, the con- 
 tributions last year were $535, being the largest amount 
 ever raised in the history of the Society. The total 
 receipts in the twenty-seven years of its existence have 
 
8 4 
 
 been $12,402, or an average of $459 a year. Mrs. A. N. 
 Hollifield has been its efficient president since 1888. 
 
 The Society possesses and circulates a well selected 
 library of foreign missionary literature. This library 
 was given as a "memorial" of the late Mrs. W. Morti- 
 mer Brown by her two daughters, Mrs. J. M. Sayre 
 and Miss A. Adelaide Brown, of India. 
 
 Thus the divine energy of the gospel has been 
 quickened by the outgoing love and the spirit of mis- 
 sions which has run like a golden line of beauty through 
 all the work ol our Church during its seventy-five years 
 of history, sowing the precious seed in the most distant 
 heathen lands. It is a matter of congratulation and 
 thanksgiving that the fathers of our Church have ever 
 looked upon the work of Foreign Missions as a matter 
 of personal duty, desiring to acquaint themselves with 
 everything that pertained to this the leading enterprise 
 of the coming century, and perhaps the most sacred 
 enterprise of all the centuries. 
 
 Let us gain inspiration and courage from their zeal 
 and from past successes, and know that the prosecu- 
 tion and completion of this task of a world's evangeli- 
 zation is the supreme duty which our Saviour has 
 entrusted to his people everywhere. 
 
 Let us cherish not only the principle but the very 
 spirit of Foreign Missions, remembering that it is only 
 before His Cross that the lesson must be learned. 
 
 " Let us love so well 
 Our work shall still be better for our love. 
 And still our love be sweeter for our work." 
 
85 
 
 History of the Home Missionary Society 
 
 BY MISS THERESA T. BURNET. 
 
 History informs us that " Sir Walter Raleigh in 
 1589 gave the first offering to Home Missions in mod- 
 ern days, by his present of one hundred pounds, to the 
 Virginia merchants, in special regard and zeal for 
 planting the Christian religion in those barbarous 
 regions." 
 
 Since that day there have never ceased to beat 
 earnest, Christian hearts, who have prayed and labored 
 for the evangelization of this land. 
 
 " The royal charter of the Plymouth Colony called 
 for the conversion of such savages as yet remain wan- 
 dering in desolation and distress.'' While the charter 
 of the Massachusetts Bay Colony enjoined the duty, 
 "to win the natives to the knowledge and obedience of 
 the only true God and Saviour." 
 
 " The seal of the colony presented the figure of an 
 Indian with a label at his mouth, on which was in- 
 scribed the Macedonian cry, ' Come over and help us.' " 
 
 "When it was reported to the Rev. John Robinson 
 at Leyden, that during a skirmish with the Indians 
 some of them had been killed, he returned the pathetic 
 reply, ' Oh that you had converted some before killing 
 any."' 
 
 " As early as 1636 in the Plymouth Colony laws 
 were enacted providing for the preaching of the gos- 
 pel among the Indians." 
 
 John Elliot, fired with missionary zeal, went forth 
 to preach to the red men of the forest, and in 1649 
 the Mohican Bible was printed, the type being sent 
 from the mother country. Three years before this 
 
86 
 
 Thomas Mayhen had begun a work among the Indians 
 in Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard. 
 
 " The savages at first refused to exchange their 
 thirty-seven titular deities for one, but the labors of the 
 faithful preacher were successful in convincing them 
 that the white man's God was mightier than all their 
 Manitous." 
 
 Thus we see from the very first, the Church in the 
 wilderness, reached out to the destitute about them. 
 
 " In 1 741 the Scotch Church of Long Island sent 
 a Missionary to the Shinnecock Indians, and three 
 years later, also sustained David and John Brainard '' 
 in New Jersey, Delaware and the adjacent country. 
 " The gospel was first preached to the people along 
 or near the Atlantic coast ; then advanced to the foot 
 of the Alleghanies, then through the gaps in the 
 mountains to the new lands beyond where Pittsburgh 
 Cincinnati, Nashville, Lexington, etc., now stand." 
 
 When Home Missionaries were sent to the little 
 town of Rochester they were warmly welcomed by 
 the people, then destitute of the means of grace. So 
 we see the work went steadily forward long before 
 presidents, secretaries, treasurers or mission boards 
 were dreamed of. It has been well said, " Whatever 
 there is of public taste, culture and conscience in the 
 nation to-day * * is chiefly due to the self-denying 
 toils of the Home Mission workers. Their salaries 
 were small, their trials and dangers great, their labors 
 abundant." 
 
 After the war of 181 2 the population of our coun- 
 try rapidly increased, and consequently the needs of 
 mission work became more pressing. To meet this de- 
 mand, in the year 18 16, the Board of Home Missions 
 was organized. Mr. Russell, one of the former pastors 
 of this Church, in the year 1828 or 9, was appointed an 
 agent for this board. It was then known as the Board 
 of Domestic Missions. Let us, also, not forget in this 
 resume of Home work that our own Church was repre- 
 sented by a teacher among the Chickasaw Indians. 
 
87 
 
 Miss Turner, a member of the choir of the Third 
 Church, and afterward the wife of Rev. Dr. Brinsmade, 
 labored for nine years among this distant people. 
 
 The work was then considered Foreign Missions. 
 
 Miss Turner's trials and privations were many, and 
 her difficulties in trying to reach home at the breaking 
 out of the civil war would furnish an interesting chap- 
 ter. 
 
 After the war the work among the Indians was 
 passed over to the Home Missionary Society. 
 
 The Chickasaws are now one of the five civilized 
 tribes. 
 
 The work of the Home Board, extending over the 
 entire country, attained such proportions that the Gen- 
 eral Assembly called upon the women of the Presbyte- 
 rian Church, who had already been engaged to some 
 extent in this work, to co-operate with the Board of 
 Home Missions, and lend their energies " to raising 
 money for the founding and support of schools and 
 teachers, as well as of churches, among the exceptional 
 population of our land, namely, the Alaskan Indians, 
 Mexicans, Mormons, Mountaineers, etc." 
 
 Thus, in 1878, the Women's Executive Committee 
 became a permanent organization. Since that day 
 many earnest women have been vigorously prosecuting 
 this work, and six years ago, February 21st, 1893, our 
 church had the honor of being enlisted in this army of 
 noble women, forming ourselves into what is called 
 " The Women's Home Missionary Society of the Third 
 Presbvterian Church," with Mrs. J. Henry Huntington 
 President; Mrs. J. H. Strobell and Mrs. U. B. Brew- 
 ster Vice-Presidents ; Miss Theresa T. Burnet, Secre- 
 tary, and Mrs. E. K. Hopper, Secretary of Literature, 
 
 The following ladies, present at the first meeting, 
 were enrolled as members of the society : Mrs. Horace 
 Ailing, Mrs. A. Van Arsdale, Mrs. U. B. Brewster, 
 Mrs. Edward Carter, Miss Alethia Carter, Mrs. E. M. 
 Douglas, Mrs. A. N. Hollifield, Miss C. S. Hall, Mrs. 
 B. Hopper, Mrs. C. L. Woodruff, Miss A. Weir. 
 
88 
 
 Mrs. C. H. Stiles, Mrs. G. H. Strobell, Miss S. Tillou, 
 Miss T. T. Burnet. 
 
 Since our organization we have met the first Tues- 
 day of each month from October to June for prayer 
 and conference, the last meeting of the season being 
 held in unison with the Foreign Society. At our 
 second meeting the words of John Elliot, " Prayer and 
 pains through faith in Jesus Christ will do anything," 
 were suggested as the motto for our society. 
 
 Since our organization our funds have been vari- 
 ously distributed to the Women's Board of Home Mis- 
 sions ; The Boys' Farm School, at Asheville, N. C; 
 to the support of a young colored girl, Haines, Geor- 
 gia ; and now that Miss Freeman has finished her 
 education and is prepared to go out and become a 
 teacher of others, we have adopted a girl in one of 
 our mission schools among the Mormons. 
 
 A large unoccupied field still lies before us. Let 
 this seventy-fifth anniversary of the Third Church be 
 the bugle call which shall enlist every woman in our 
 Church to noble effort in this cause. It has been 
 said, " Nine-tenths of all the churches of our denom- 
 ination have been directly or indirectly planted and 
 fostered by the instrumentality of Home Missions. 
 
 " Should not the claims of this work deeply touch 
 every heart? The love of country and the love of 
 God are the two affections which more often than all 
 others have inspired men and women to noble deeds 
 and have sustained them through suffering, sacrifice 
 and death. You and I, the Christian, Church of America, 
 have laid upon us a great responsibility for our share 
 in this momentous work.'' 
 
 Let us, then, dear Christian sisters, recognize not 
 only our duty, but our great privilege in being called 
 to be laborers with God to make known the knowl- 
 edge of salvation throughout the length and breadth 
 of our highly-favored land. 
 
8 9 
 
 History of the Sewing Society 
 
 BY MRS. J. W. READ. 
 
 In October, 1853, a number of the ladies of the 
 Third Presbyterian Church agreed to meet, one after- 
 noon a week, to sew for the poor. An organization was 
 formed under the title of " The Ladies' Sewing Society 
 of the Third Presbyterian Church,'' the object of which 
 was to assist the needy, including beneficiary students 
 preparing for the ministry at Princeton Theological 
 Seminary. Its officers were a First and Second Direc- 
 tress, Secretary, Treasurer, and a Board of Managers. 
 At the annual meeting held November 27th, 1855, it 
 was decided to add to the work of the society the send- 
 ing of a box to a Home Missionary who required such 
 help. 
 
 During the years that have followed boxes and 
 barrels of clothing, books, stationery and other useful 
 articles have been sent to the families of missionaries 
 needing assistance. The children of the Sabbath 
 School, the Home for the Friendless, the Newsboys' 
 Home, the Faith Home, the Home for Incurables, the 
 Women's Christian Association and the German Theo- 
 logical Seminary of Bloomfield have all been aided by 
 its beneficence. During the Civil War boxes were sent 
 to the soldiers in camp and hospital. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1882 it was resolved to 
 change the title to " The Home Missionary Society," 
 and to become an auxiliary of " The Women's Home 
 Missionary Society of the Presbyterian Church." 
 
 A constitution was adopted November 14th, 1882, 
 which provided in part as follows : "Article 1st. This 
 Society shall be called ' The Ladies' Home Missionary 
 Society of the Third Presbyterian Church. ' Article 2d. 
 
90 
 
 Its object is to enlist all the members of the congregation 
 in prayer and effort in the work of missions in the 
 United States. Its officers shall be a President, First 
 and Second Vice Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer and 
 a board of fifteen Managers. 
 
 At the annual meeting held October nth, 1887, it 
 was resolved to take again the original title, viz. : " The 
 Ladies' Sewing Society," which title it still bears. 
 
 Among the honored women who have filled the 
 office of Directress or President, we find the names of 
 Mrs. Aaron Davis, Mrs. Charles Stiles, Miss Sarah 
 Tillou, Mrs. Frank Bartlett and Mrs. E. Gardner. 
 Mrs. Charles Stiles is the present efficient President. 
 
 Its Secretaries and Treasurers have been Miss 
 Anna Groshong, Mrs. J. M. Sayre, Mrs. C. W. Ailing, 
 Mrs. Frank Bartlett and Mrs. J. W. Read, the present 
 incumbent. 
 
 The following have served on its Board of Mana- 
 gers : Mrs. S. E. Craven, Mrs. I. Ailing, Mrs. Miles, 
 Mrs. Howell, Mrs. H. Ailing, Mrs. E; Gardner, Mrs. S. 
 Ryerson, Mrs. DeVausney, Mrs. H. Bennet, Miss Her- 
 rick, Miss Hedges, Mrs. J. H. Huntington, Sr., Mrs. J. 
 Lee, Mrs. H. Beach, Mrs. Cann, Mrs. Sabine, Mrs. R. 
 Hall, Mrs. Sanders, Mrs. E. Douglas, Mrs. J. Post, 
 Mrs. Wm. Glasby, Mrs. A. Reeves, Mrs. B. Mayo, 
 Mrs. E. Craven, Miss A. M. Carter, Mrs. J. McCrea, 
 Mrs. C. Fowler, Mrs. Darby, Mrs. A. Van Arsdale, 
 Mrs. U. B. Brewster, Mrs. J. Rice, Mrs. M. J. Rice, 
 Mrs. A. N. Hollifield, Mrs. C. Woodruff, Miss M. Chil- 
 coat, Mrs. R. Thompson, Mrs. B. W. Hopper, Mrs. 
 Wm. Howell, Mrs. Wm. Foster, Mrs. H. Strobell, Mrs. 
 Wm. Morris, Mrs. J. W. Read, " Of whom the greater 
 part remain unto the present, but some are fallen 
 asleep." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Sayre, in a report concerning the Society 
 made some years ago, said: " During the thirty years 
 work of the society fifty-five boxes have been sent off, 
 valued at $7,933, and $3,300 in money raised and 
 expended." 
 
9 1 
 
 Since then there have been sent off twenty boxes, 
 valued at $4,356.37, and $3,544.24 in money contrib- 
 uted, making a total in boxes and money of $19,133.62 
 contributed to Christ's needy ones during the forty- 
 six years of the Society's existence. 
 
 The annual average for the first thirty years was : 
 
 Value of boxes $264 43 
 
 Money raised.. no 00 
 
 For the last sixteen years the average has been : 
 
 Value of boxes $272 25 
 
 Money raised — 221 50 
 
 thus showing a slight increase in the value of boxes, 
 and an increase of over one hundred per cent, in the 
 amount of money raised, which gives evidence of the 
 continued and increased efficiency of this Society, 
 which, in a quiet way, has been a blessing to many 
 households scattered all over our land. 
 
 A faithful history of the work of the Society must 
 include the name and services of Capt. B. W. Hopper, 
 who has sent many of the boxes at his own expense. 
 
 History of the Y. P. C. E. Society 
 
 BY WILLIAM F. CONE. 
 
 The inception of the Christian Endeavor idea was 
 a movement which supplied a long-felt want to the 
 young people of the churches in our country. They 
 were left much to themselves, without any organization 
 to couple them with the Church and bind them to their 
 adopted family in Christ. 
 
 The results of the first efforts of the originator of 
 the idea (Rev. Francis E. Clark) were enormous. The 
 
9 2 
 
 young people throughout this and almost every other 
 country on the globe echoed the glad note of enthusi- 
 asm in the service of the Christ, till at the present day 
 the International Society comprises nearly three million 
 members, representing thousands of local societies. 
 
 The battle-cry of this Endeavor band has ever been 
 " For Christ and the Church.'' With this watchword 
 upon their lips, the young people of this Church, led 
 by their Pastor, Rev. A. Nelson Hollifield, D. D., or- 
 ganized a Christian Endeavor Society October 8, 1888. 
 Mr. Edmund K. Hopper was elected the first President, 
 with a Vice-President, Treasurer, Corresponding Sec- 
 retary and Recording Secretary. A constitution was 
 adopted and the work of the society apportioned to 
 three committees: Prayer Meeting, Lookout and So- 
 cial. Later five more committees were found to be 
 necessary to fulfill the best purposes of the society: 
 Missionary, Flower and Music, Sunday School, Local 
 Union and Good Literature. These eight committees 
 constitute the working force of the society, each active 
 member of which is a member of one or more commit- 
 tees. 
 
 Members are classed as Active, Associate and Hon- 
 orary. Active members are church members, and are 
 admitted by signing the C. E. Pledge. Associate mem- 
 bers are non church members, and are admitted to 
 membership upon asserting their intention to support 
 the society as best they are able, and to attend meetings 
 habitually. H©norary members are church members 
 whose sympathies are with the society, but who desire 
 to take no active part in the work, and pay the stated 
 fee of $1 per year for the support of that work. This 
 society, in its eleven years of existence, has done much 
 in advancing toward that ideal for which it was created, 
 i, e., "For Christ and the Church." It has been the 
 means of enabling the young people to " grow in grace 
 and in the knowledge of * * * Christ," by the 
 prayer meeting; it has enabled them to " be steadfast in 
 the faith " by the pledge; it has enabled them to " glorify 
 
93 
 
 God and enjoy him," by the consecration meeting, and 
 it has enabled them to partially fulfill the divine com- 
 mission " to preach the gospel to every creature " by 
 the Missionary Committee. It has thus been of ser- 
 vice to God, to you, and to the individual member. 
 
 During the past decade the Society of Christian En- 
 deavor has passed through its hands more than $1,000. 
 This money has been used to defray the expenses of 
 the society, of the socials held at stated periods, and 
 for appropriations to outside causes. Only a few of 
 these objects can be mentioned : William Street Mission, 
 Bethel Mission, missions in China, India, and the South, 
 the million dollar fund, aid to families of deceased 
 ministers, and local benevolence at the Thanksgiving 
 season. The Christian Endeavor Society has done 
 something, but it would like to do more. To reach 
 the desired goal, confidence in the officers and mem- 
 bers must be unlimited. Those who are eligible to 
 membership must join the ranks, appreciate the true 
 worth and undeniable value of your society, and have 
 the welfare of our young people at heart. The so- 
 ciety needs your constant aid and sympathy. Will 
 you give them ? 
 
 " The Lord watch between me and thee when we 
 are absent one from another." 
 
94 
 
 List of Officers since Organization. 
 
 PASTORS. 
 
 Joshua T. Russell, 
 Installed July 13th, 1824, Resigned June"22d, 1829. 
 
 Baxter Dickinson, D. D., 
 Installed Nov. 17th, 1829, Resigned Nov. 17th, 1835. 
 
 Selah B. Treat, D. D., 
 Installed March 22d, 1836, Resigned Jan. 24th, 1840. 
 
 Horatio N. Brinsmade, D. D., 
 Installed Sept. 23d, 1841, Resigned Oct. 9th, 1853. 
 
 Elijah R. Craven, D. D., 
 Installed Oct. 30th, 1854, Resigned June 13th, 1887. 
 
 A. Nelson Hollifield, D. D., 
 Installed April 26, 1888. 
 
 ELDERS. 
 
 Hugh McDougall, 
 Installed June 8, 1824, Dismissed Oct. 12, 1830. 
 
 Reinstalled Aug. 26, 1832. " Feb. 22, 1837. 
 
 George Crane, 
 Installed Jane 8, 1824, Resigned Feb. 14, 1829. 
 
 Ellison Conger, 
 Installed June 8, 1824, Dismissed Feb. 14, 1 829. 
 
 David D. Crane, 
 Installed Oct. 31, 1824, Dismissed Sept. — , 1828. 
 
 Moses Roberts, 
 Installed Oct. 31, 1824, Died July 6, 1853. 
 
 Robert B. Campfield, 
 Installed March 27, 1825, Died Aug. 18, 1861. 
 
 David Nichols, 
 Installed March 27, 1825, Died April 2, 1843. 
 
95 
 
 John Chandler, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1S29, Died Dec. 2, 1875. 
 
 James N. Hedden, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1899, Dismissed Feb. 7, 1837. 
 
 Alexander M. Taylor, 
 Installed Feb I, 1829, Died Nov. 16. 1829. 
 
 Stephen R. Grover, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1829, Dismissed June 14, 1839. 
 
 Timothy B. Crowell, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1829, Died July 3, 1819. 
 
 Thomas Richards, 
 Installed Aug. 26, 1832, Died March 30, 1853. 
 
 Frederick S. Thomas, 
 Installed Aug. 26, 1832, Died April 9, 1 868. 
 
 John C. Crane, 
 Installed Aug. 26, 1832, Died May 17, 1878. 
 
 Aaron C. Johnson, 
 Installed Aug. 26, 1832, Dismissed March 18, 1853. 
 
 William B. Guild, 
 Installed Nov. — , 1837, Resigned Oct. 21, 1861. 
 
 James B. Pinneo, 
 Installed Nov. — , 1837, Dismissed Sept. 16, 1819. 
 
 John R. Davison, 
 Installed Feb. 3, 1850, Died April 14, 1863. 
 
 Lorenzo Boyden, 
 Installed Feb. 3, 1850, Died Feb. 17, 1884. 
 
 William Rankin, Jr., 
 Installed Dec. — , 1852, Dismissed May 14, 18 : 5. 
 
 Edward Ingleton, 
 Installed Dec. — , 1852, Resigned Jan. 5, 1859. 
 
 Jacob D. Vermilye, 
 Installed Dec. — , 1852, Dismissed Dec. 10, 1868. 
 
 Isaac A. Alling, 
 Installed Nov. 30, 1*62, Died April 10, 1890. 
 
 Timothy Andruss. 
 Installed Nov. 30, 18*2, Died Nov. 22, 1867. 
 
 William M. Brown, M. D., 
 Installed Nov. 30', 1862, Died April 14, 1864. 
 
9 6 
 
 Thomas C. Davis, 
 Installed Nov. 30, 1862, Dismissed May 14, 1865. 
 
 Charles C. Lathrop, 
 Installed Nov. 30, 1862, Died Sept. 15, 1865. 
 
 Daniel Price, 
 Installed May 31, 1868, Died April 23, 1892. 
 
 Horace Alling, 
 Installed May 31, 1868, 
 
 Edwin F. Dorrance, 
 Installed May 31, 1868, Dismissed Jan. 9, 1869. 
 
 Robert S. Grummon, 
 Installed May 31, 1868, 
 
 Richard Hall, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1880, Dismissed June 27, 1887. 
 
 Albert G. Woodruff, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1880, Dismissed March 31, 1886. 
 
 J . Henry Huntington, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1880. 
 
 Edwin M. Douglas, 
 Installed Feb. 1, 1880. 
 
 James B. Burnet, M. D., 
 Installed Nov. 22, 1885. 
 
 Edward T. Cone, 
 Installed Jan. 4, 1891. 
 
 William Rankin, M. D., 
 Installed Jan. 4, 1891. 
 
 Albridge C. Smith, 
 Installed Jan. 19, 1895, Dismissed April 4, 1899. 
 
 Jeremiah M. Cobb, 
 Installed May 14, 1899. 
 
 Matthias J. Price, 
 Installed May 14, 1899. 
 
97 
 
 DEACONS. 
 
 For many years, the Elders acted as Deacons. In 1857, 
 the first separate Board was elected. 
 
 Jabez B. Goble, M. D., 
 Installed Nov., 1857, Died Feb. 7, 1859. 
 
 William M. Brown, M. D., 
 Installed Nov., 1857, Kesigned Nov. 30, 1862. 
 
 Charles C. Lathrop, 
 Installed, Nov., 1857, Resigned Nov. 30, 1862. 
 
 Albert G. Woodruff, 
 Installed May, 1872, Resigned Feb. 1, 1880. 
 
 Edwin M. Douglas, 
 Installed May, 1872, Resigned Feb. 1, 1880. 
 
 James R. Burnet, M. D., 
 Installed May, 1872, Resigned Nov. 2, 1885. 
 
 Joseph M. Sa^re, 
 Installed ^Nov. 22, 1885. 
 
 Jeremiah M. Cobb, 
 Installed Nov. 22, 1885, Resigned May 9, 1899. 
 
 Matthias J. Price, 
 Installed Nov. 22, 1885, Resigned May 9, 1899. 
 
 Clarence W. Alling, 
 Installed May 22, 1888. 
 
 George Murdoch, 
 Installed May 21, 1899. 
 
 Hugh W. Watson, 
 Installed May 21, 1899. 
 
9 8 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 Robert B. Campfield, 1824-26; David Nichols, 1824-26; 
 Smith Burnet, 1821-31; Luther Goble, 1824-34, 1857-60, 
 Charles T. Shipman, 1824-44, 1851-53, 1854-60, 1S62-63; 
 James Searing, 1824-33, 1837-38; Isaac Andruss, 1824-30, 
 1837-39; Wm. Rankin, 1826-30; Rodney Wilbur, 1826-51; 
 Jedediah J. Nichols, 1830-33; Oliver S. Halstead, 1830-46; 
 Chas. T. Day, 1831-36; Edson Park, 1833-37, 1847-48; 
 Ezra D. Crane, 1834-35; Edward Ingleton, 1834-37; Jacob 
 H. Burnet, 1835-38, 1849-62; Jabez G. Goble, 1836-38, 
 1849-57; A. P. Howell, 1838-39; John Robb, 1838-39; Mat- 
 thias W. Day, 1839-51; Aaron Beach, 1839-40; Elihu Day, 
 1839-46; Amzi Armstrong, 1839-45; John Young, 1840-51; 
 Jacob D. Vermilye, 1844-53, 1860-62; Wm. M. Scudder, 
 1845-47,1848-49; Joseph Y. Miller, 1846-51; Thomas B. 
 Pierson, 1846-60, 1862-63, Daniel Price, 1850-63; Albert 
 Ailing, 1851-60; John Whitehead, 1853-54; D. B. Day, 
 1853-55; Isaac N. Rankin, 1855-57; Stephen B. Saunders, 
 1857-81; Isaac A. Ailing, 1860-63; Chas. A. Carter, 1860-63; 
 Thos. C. Davis, 1860-62; Elihu Mockridge, 1863-67; Horace 
 Ailing, 1863-69; Edward Carter, 1803-67, 1868-71; P. W. 
 Crater, 1863-71; Ezra W. Whitehead, 1863-77; Edwin H. 
 Dawson, 1863-68, George M. Dawes, 1867-79; Charles W. 
 Wheeler, 1867-68; A. A. Reeves, 1868-71, 1881-90 (*died) 
 Thos. C. Cox, 1869-72; Joshua Van Name, 1871-78; John 
 B. Lee, 1871-81; J. H. Huntington, 1871; H. J. Fonda, 
 1873-76; F. A. Ailing, 1876.84 (*died); W. D. Carter, 
 1877 95; John C. Mandeville, 1878-82; Dr. Wm. Rankin, 
 1879-91; Frank Bartlett, 1881; B. W. Hopper, 1882; Henry 
 Cougar, 1884; Dr. J. W. Read, 1890; C. L. Woodruff, 1891; 
 Clarence W. Ailing, 1895. 
 
99 
 
 Present Organization. 
 
 (June 8th, 1899). 
 
 PASTOR, 
 Rev. A. Nelson Hollifield, D. D. 
 
 ELDERS, 
 Horace Alling, Robert S. Grummon, 
 
 J. Henry Huntington, Edwin M. Douglas, 
 James B. Burnet, M. D., Edward T. Cone, 
 William Rankin, M. D., Jeremiah M. Cobb, 
 Matthias J. Price. 
 
 DEACONS. 
 
 Joseph M. Sayre, Clarence W. Alling, 
 
 George Murdoch, Hugh Watson. 
 
 TRUSTEES 
 J. Henry Huntington, Frank Bartlett. 
 Benjamin W. Hopper, Henry Congar, 
 Joshua W. Read, M. D„ Caleb L. Woodruff, 
 
 C. W. Alling. 
 
 SEXTON", 
 H. H. Brown. 
 
"Qui transtulit sustfnet." 
 
^ 
 
NOT TO BE TAKEN 
 
 FROM 
 
 THIS ROOM