^y y Di Bsiq? .BZ8 V.3 SCRIPTURES HEBREW AND CHRISTIAN AKKANGEU AND EDITED AS AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF THE BIBLE. Edited by EDWARD T. BARTLETT, D.D., AND JOHN P. PETERS, Ph.D. Part I. — Hebrew Story, from the Creation to the Exile. l2mo, red edges, pp. 546 . . $1.50 Part II. — Hebrew Legislation, Tales, Poetry, and Prophecy. i2mo, red edges, pp. 582 . $1.50 " I congratulate j'ou on the issue of a work which I am sure will find a wide welcome, and the excellent features of which make it of permanent value." — Rt. Rev. Henry C, Potter, Bishop of New York. " The ' Scriptures for Young Readers ' is admirably conceived and admirably executed. It is the Bible story in Bible words, with just such omissions and insertions as to make consecutive and understood the entire narrative. It is the work of devout and scholarly men, and will prove a help to Bible study. I have examined it with great satisfaction, and have found on almost every page the mark of original investigation and wise judgment." ■;— Rev. Howard Crosby, D.D. Part III. — Christian Scriptures, comprising the greater portion of the Books of the New Testament. i2mo, red edges, pp. 6oi . |2.oo G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS. New York and London. SCRIPTURES HEBREW AND CHRISTIAN ARRANGED AND EniTED AS AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF THE BIBLE EDWARD T. BARTLETT, D.D. DEAN OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SrHOOL IN PHILADELPHIA AND JOHN P. PETERS, Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF HEBREW IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, AND ASSISTANT RECTOR OF ST. MICHAEL's CHURCH, NEW YORK VOL. III. CHRISTIAN SCRIPTURES COMPRISING THE GOSPELS, THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, THE EPISTLES OF ST. PAUL, THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS, THE EPISTLE OF ST. JAMKS, THE FIRST EPISTLE OF ST, PETER, THE FIRST EPISTLE OF ST. JOHN, AND PORTIONS OF THE REVELATION G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS NEW YORK LONDON 27 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET 24 BEDFORD STREET. STRAND cTbe l&mchsrbochEr l§ns% 1893 Copyright, 1892 BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Electrotyped, Printed, and Bound by Tlhc mnickerbocker preea, "flew porh G. P. Putnam's Sons PREFACE. In an ancient Rabbinical story it is told that when the Lord gave the Law from Sinai He wrought great marvels with His Voice. " The Voice sounded from the South, and as the people hastened to the South, lo ! it sounded from the North. They turned to the North, and it came from the East. They turned to the East, and it came from the West. They turned thither, and it came from Heaven. They lifted their eyes up towards Heaven, and it came from the depths of the Earth. And they said one to another, ' Where shall Wisdom be found ? ' And the Voice went forth throughout the world, and was divided into seventy voices, according to the seventy tongues of men. And each nation heard the Voice in its own tongue, and their souls failed them. But Israel heard and suf- fered not. And each one in Israel heard it according to his capacity ; old men, and youths, and boys, and suck- lings, and women ; the Voice was to each one as each one had the power to receive it." The object of this edition of a portion of the New Testament is to help Young Readers especially to hear that Voice. Chief among the principles by which the present Editor has sought to be guided in his work is the Sacredness of the Book with which he and his readers have to do. When the young Arthur Stanley, afterwards Dean of Westminster, first introduced himself to the German IV PREFA CE. theologian Ewald, an indelible impression was made upon him when that great man '* grasped the small Greek Testament which he had in his hand as we entered, and said : ' In this little book is contained all the wisdom of the world.' " Another important principle is this, that young readers, on their first introduction to Scripture, should be led as soon as possible to the true point of view, and should be saved from the need of unlearning in after life that which in their earliest years they have been taught to think of as vital and essential to the faith, " You must teach your children truth in part," says Bishop Brooks, " but the par- tial truth you teach them must be true, and so have in it the essential completeness of all truth, or else they will out- grow it, and cast it off as hundreds of growing children do leave behind the v/hole well-meant but narrowly-con- ceived religion of their nurseries, as they pass out of the nursery door into the world." Both these principles lead to a third. This " little book " must be read historically if we would reach down into the depths of its meaning. That veteran student of the Bible, and helper of others' studies, Bernhard Weiss, is a true discerner of the time and its needs when he says, " The main thing in an Introduction to the New Testa- ment is . . . the actual initiation into a living historical knowledge of Scripture. . . . It appears to me that noth- ing less than the whole future of theology and the Church depends on the wider diffusion of such an understanding of Scripture " ; and adds that without it no one can be " well equipped for the battle of the present that is im- posed as a duty on us all." Whatever " battle " is upon us is due largely to the fact that in an age which is his- torical in all its instincts and sympathies we are passing PREFA CE. V away from an unhistorical reading of Scripture, and too often that means a passing away from all Bible reading. There is a great deal of truth in the remark with which another veteran scholar, Reuss, closes his History of the New Testament : '^ The history of the theological use of the Scriptures shows that the Church for but a short time received the will of her Lord and the teaching of His disciples through brief and simple instruction, and that Christian theologians have been laboring for seventeen hundred years since to fix by learning and speculation the meaning of certain pages which were written for the un- learned and simple-minded." The historian Neander described our time as one in which " the Gospel itself rests on an immovable rock, while human systems of theology are everywhere undergoing a purifying process." "Amid changing interpretations " of the Book our aim, as Dr. Jowett has well said, should be " not to add an- other, but to recover the original one ; the meaning, that is, of the words as they first struck on the ears or flashed before the eyes of those who heard and read them." As to the Contents of this volume, it does not profess to be the whole New Testament, but an Introduction to the Study of the New Testament. The Epistle of St. Jude, the Second of St. Peter, and Chapters iv.-xx. of the Apocalypse have been omitted because they seemed more suited for older readers or to need a fuller treat- ment than the original plan of the volume had in mind ; but their probable place in the historical development of the New Testament literature has been indicated at what appeared to be a proper point. The Second and Third Epistles of St. John have been omitted because from their private nature and their brevity they scarcely require or admit of an introduction such as is given in vi PREFACE. the notes of this volume. In the larger Epistles also a few brief passages have been omitted where it seemed that so it would be easier for beginners to keep the clue to the main thought ; such omissions are generally indi- cated by a dash. The volume as it stands should be regarded only as an Introduction, leading on and (may it not be hoped ?) inciting to a completer study of the whole New Testament in its historical order and its historical setting. The endeavor has been to set forth the indi- vidual character of each book that was taken up, to let each speak for itself, to draw out and display the internal structure of each, and to give thus an introduction to whatever may follow in later years when comparisons and contrasts are studied, and when the questions that are not yet settled come up for further consideration. As Hagenbach well says, the Bible should be read " as a Book which, with all its Divinity, its Divine origin and Divine ends, is still written by human hands for human beings, for a human eye, a human heart, a human under- standing, as a Book which, though written for all times, even for eternity, still refers to certain times and occa- sions, and must from these given times and occasions be interpreted." The Revised Version forms the basis of the present work, but only the basis. The readings and renderings preferred by the American Committee of Revisers have in most places commended themselves upon close consider- ation, and the Editor cannot refrain from saying at this point that as he has studied their work it has more and more approved itself to him as deserving a very much higher recognition than it has yet received. As the plan of the volume did not admit of marginal or alternative readings, and as it cannot be said of the PREFACE. Vll Revised Version that its text is superior to its margin, nor even that the Greek text on which it rests is the best attainable, the present Editor has adopted Westcott and Hort's Greek New Testament as "the purest Greek text," " the last and best edition of the Greek Testa- ment," according to the ripened conviction of that com- petent authority, Dr. Philip Schaff, with whom probably most English and American scholars will agree. Westcott and Hort's text has been adhered to except in three places : In Mark i., i, their marginal reading has been adopted, because, as they themselves say, " neither read- ing [that which gives the words " Son of God," nor that which omits them] can be safely rejected." In Acts xi., 20, " Greeks," /'. ^., Gentiles, has been preferred, as having intrinsic evidence, to " Grecian Jews," " the better attest- ed reading." In John viii., 25, Westcott and Hort's text would require the translation " How is it that I even speak to you at all ? " instead of that which is preferred in this volume. The translation here given, while based on the Revised Version, with constant reference to the King James' Ver- sion, freely varies from both. Wherever such readers as this volume was prepared for would be likely to be helped by a change of word, by an allowance of colloquialisms in the English, corresponding to colloquialisms in the original Greek but excluded from the more dignified ver- sions made for public use in the Church, by paraphrases or thought-translations instead of word-translations, — the endeavor has been to give such assistance. Wherever thoughtful children or youths might be expected to ask as to a word or a clause, " What does this mean ? " the Editor has tried to anticipate the question and supply an answer, so removing difficulties. " Les Saints Evangiles " viii PREFACE, of Lasserre and '' Das Neue Testament " of Weizsacker have been constantly referred to by the Editor ; and ven- turesome as the course taken by him has seemed, in depart- ing from both the Authorized and the Revised Versions, he has been encouraged to go on in it by calling to mind some words of the Ever-Memorable John Hales : " Though I have a very great opinion of those men who did translate the Testament, yet I would be loth to be a loser by my reverence." Quotations from the Old Testament are indicated by the use of Italic type. A list of such quotations appears at the end of the volume. During the seven years or more in which the preparation of this volume has engaged most of the time that could be spared from the duties of a busy life, a great many authorities have been consulted, and many debts have been incurred to books and to scholars, too many to al- low even a passing mention here. If there is anything good in the work, a general acknowledgment for it, as received from others, must suffice. For the innumerable faults that will appear in it, notwithstanding the pains that have been bestowed upon it, the Editor must bear the blame, qualified only by the fact that they occur in an endeavor to help beginners, among whom he would be content to include himself. Should any of the Young Readers for whom this vol- ume is prepared desire to go further in the study of the New Testament, they may find the following list of books of some use : Dr. Marcus Dods' " Introduction to the New Testament " ; Dr. Bernhard Weiss' " Introduction to the New Testament " ; Dr. Edward Reuss' '' History of the Sacred Scriptures of the New Testament," Hough- ton's translation ; Archdeacon Farrar's " Life and Works PREFACE, IX of St. Paul," and his '' Early Days of Christianity " ; Prof. Sabatier's '' The Apostle Paul " ; '' A New Testament Commentary for English Readers," edited by Bishop Ellicott ; and the "Cambridge Bible for Schools." These golden words of Frederick Maurice may well be borne in mind : ^' If we have sufficient reverence for the Book to follow in the steps which it marks out for us, we may learn something from it. We shall not learn, even then, if we forget that all true words — the truest, most of all — only speak to us when they speak i?i us, when they awaken us to thought, self-questioning, wonder, hope. . . . To imagine that any book, or any living voice can give, if there is not a receiver, or that it can give except according to the measure of the receiver, is to contradict all experience and all reason." Edward T. Bartlett. Divinity School, Phii.adelphia, 9 June, 1892. CONTENTS. PAGE THE FIRST THREE GOSPELS i St. Mark, the gospel of the son of god ... 3 St. Matthew, the gospel of Israel's Messiah king . 52 St. Luke, the gospel of the saviour of men . . 128 The Acts OF the Apostles. The Extension of the Church 213 GENERAL EPISTLES BY EARLIER APOSTLES The Epistle of St. James .... The First Epistle of St. Peter . EPISTLES OF ST. PAUL THE FIRST GROUP The First Epistle to the Thessalonians The Second Epistle to the Thessalonians THE SECOND GROUP .... The First Epistle to the Corinthian: The Second Epistle to the Corinthian; Epistle to the Galatians Epistle to the Romans the third group Epistle to the Philippians Epistle to Philemon Epistle to the Colossians Epistle to the Ephesians 299 301 310 319 319 321 327 331 333 363 384 395 427 429 437 439 447 xn CONTENTS, EPISTLES OF ST. PAUI> rConiimied). THE FOURTH GROUP ...... The First Epistle to Timothy . . . , Epistle to Titus The Second Epistle to Timothy BOOKS BELONGING TO THE TIME OF THE GREA'l TRIBULATION Epistle to the Hebrews The Revelation of St. John 45Q 461 470 474 481 483 508 BOOKS BELONGING TO THE CLOSING PERIOD OF THE APOSTOLIC AGE 519 The Gospel according to St. John, the incar- nate word 521 The First Epistle of St. John . . . .583 Quotations from the Old Testament . . . .59^ THE FIRST THREE GOSPELS. I.— ACCORDING TO MARK. II.— ACCORDING TO MATTHEW. III.— ACCORDING TO LUKE. The First Three Gospels are called the Synoptists, as giving some- what the same general view of events. Their frequent correspond- ences, their very striking differences, their use of some primitive source common to all, and their marked individuality of character notwithstanding their family likeness, render the subject of their rela- tion to each other and to their common source one of the standing problems of Christian scholarship, a problem full of interest and not yet fully solved. They are here presented in what seems to be their natural order : 1. The Gospel of the Public Ministry of Christ, which in a rapid succession of pictures portrays the " Son of God " accomplishing with celerity the great work by which He filled the world with the Benefi- cent Power of His Name. The Gospel of Activity, which with rest- less and impetuous energy sets forth for the practical energetic Roman mind the person and work of Jesus in the fresh vigor of His Power. The Gospel for P-oman Christians, whose theme might be stated in the words of Peter to the Roman centurion Cornelius : *' Jesus of Nazareth, how that God anointed Him with the Holy Spirit and with power, who went about doing good and healing all that were oppressed by the devil, for God v,-as with Him." 2. The Gospel primarily for Jewish Christians, which shews that Jesus is the true Messiah of Israel promised through the prophets, the Heir of Abraham through whom all nations are to be blessed ; the Son of David, the King and the Man of Sorrows combined, entering upon His Kingdom by the Way of the Cross. The Gospel of Fulfil- ment, which points out at every stage in the history that the Old is fulfilled in the New. The Gospel of the Kingdom of Heaven, in whose closing scene Jesus appears exalted to the throne of heaven and earth, instead of to the throne of his father David, and promises to men on earth the abiding presence of Immanuel, God with us. 3. The Catholic Gospel of free and universal Salvation for all men. The Gospel of the Son of Man, the Friend of the human race, Him- self made perfect through sufferings, able to sympathize because He has been tempted in all points as we are, yet wittiout sin. The Gospel of God our Saviour and His love toward man ; Divine compassion stooping down to man, human life entering into union with God, in the Person of Plim who is to bring His brother-men back to God. ACCORDING TO MARK. [John Mark, the son of a certain Mary of Jerusalem, may have been the young man whom he mentions (xiv., 51) as following Jesus and His disciples out of the house in which they had kept the Passover. To the house of this Mary — which may have been the scene of the Last Supper and of the descent of the Spirit at Pentecost — Peter went when delivered from prison (Acts xii., 12). With his cousin Barnabas and Paul he went on their first missionary journey as their attendant, but soon lost heart and left them, thus occasioning a rupture between those Apostles (Acts xii., 25, xiii., 5, 13, xv., 38). Nevertheless after some j^ears he was among the few who stood by Paul during his imprisonment in Rome, and was named by the Apostle among those fellow-workers who had proved a comfort to him (Col. iv., 10, 11 ; Philem. 24) ; and still later, Paul particularly desired his help (II Tim. iv. 11). At some time, probably between his desertion of Paul and his renewed association with that Apostle, he was specially attached to Peter as " interpreter," and in this relation is believed to have composed his Gospel, which was sometimes alluded to as the " Reminiscences of Peter."] The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. HIS WAY PREPARED BY THE FORERUNNER. I. 2-8. Even as it is written in Isaiah the prophet Behold^ I send My messenger before Thy face. Who shall prepare Thy way : The voice of one crying in the wilderness Make ye ready the way of the Lord, Make His paths straight, John came who baptized in the wilderness and preached the baptism of repentance for remission of sins. And there went out unto him all the country of Judaea and all they of Jerusalem, and they were baptized by him in 3 4 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -^ 1.5 the river Jordan confessing their sins. And John was clothed with camel's hair and had a leathern girdle about his loins and did eat locusts and wild honey. And he preached, saying, There cometh after me He that is mightier than I, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose : I baptized you with water, but He shall baptize you with the Holy Spirit. PART I. THE EARLY MINISTRY IN GALILEE AMIDST UNDIVIDED AND EVER-INCREASING ADMIRATION. The Son of God Baptized, Anointed King. Sustained in Tempta- tion— His First Proclamation of the Kingdom of God — First Calling of Disciples — A Day in Capernaum — His Authority over Evil Spirits and over Disease — He Heals the Leper, i. 9-45. And it came to pass in those days that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. And straightway coming up out of the water he saw the heavens rent asunder and the Spirit as a dove descending upon Him : and a voice came out of the heavens, Thou art My beloved Son, in Thee I am well pleased. And straightway the Spirit driveth Him forth into the wilderness. And He was in the wilderness forty days tempted by Satan, and He was with the wild beasts, and the angels ministered unto Him. Now after John was delivered up Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the Gospel of God, and saying, The time is fulfilled and the Kingdom of God is at hand : repent ye and believe in the Gospel. And passing along by the sea of Galilee He saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net in the sea, for they were fishers : and Jesus said unto them, Come ye after MARK EARLY MINISTRY IN GALILEE. li I. 17 Me, and I will make you to become fishers of men. And straightway they left the nets and followed Him. And going on a little further He saw James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, who also were in the boat mending the nets, and straightway He called them. And they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants and went after Him. And they go into Capernaum. And straightway on the sabbath day He entered into the synagogue and taught. And they were astonished at His teaching, for He taught them as having authority and not as the scribes. And straightway there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit, and he cried out, saying. What wilt Thou have of us, Thou Jesus of Nazareth ? art Thou come to destroy us ? I know Thee who Thou art, the Holy One of God. And Jesus rebuked him, saying. Be still and come out of him. And the unclean spirit, tearing him and crying w^ith a loud voice, came out of him. And they were all amazed, insomuch that they questioned among themselves, saying, What is this ? a new teaching : with authority He commandeth even the unclean spirits, and they obey Him. And the report of Him went out straightway everywhere into all the region of Galilee round about. And straight- way when they were come out of the synagogue they came into the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John. Now Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever, and straightway they tell Him of her. And He came and took her by the hand and raised her up ; and the fever left her, and she ministered unto them. And at even, when the sun did set, they brought unto Him all that were sick and them that were demoniacs : and all the city was 6 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 1.33 gathered together at the door. And He healed many that were sick with divers diseases, and cast out many demons, and He suffered not the demons to speak, because they knew Him to be Christ. And in the morning, a great while before day, He rose up and went out and departed into a desert place, and there was praying. And Simon and they that were with Him fol- lowed after Him, and they found Him and say unto Him, All are seeking Thee. And He saith unto them, Let us go elsewhere into the next towns, that I may preach there also, for to this end came I forth. And He went into their synagogues throughout all Galilee, preaching and casting out demons. And there cometh to Him a leper beseeching Him and kneeling down to Him and saying unto Him, If Thou art willing, Thou canst make me clean. And being moved with compassion He stretched forth His hand and touched him and saith unto him, I am willing, be thou made clean. And straightway the leprosy departed from him, and he was made clean. And He sternly charged him and straightway dravehim out, and saith unto him, See thou say nothing to any man, but go shew thyself to the priest and offer for thy cleansing the things which Moses commanded, that they may have evidence that a leper hath been cleansed. But he went out and began to publish it much and to spread abroad the matter, in- somuch that Jesus could no more openly enter into a city, but was without in desert places ; and they came to Him from every quarter. HIS FIRST CONFLICTS. PART 2. THE SON OF GOD IN CONFLICT — OPPOSITION RAPIDLY GROWING INTO DEADLY ENMITY. Conflict with Unbelief in Forgiveness : His Power over the Past, in Remission— Conflict with Unbelief in the Redemption of the Sin- ful : His Power over the Present and Future, in New Life for Men — Conflicts with Narrow and Inhuman Traditionalism : His Power over the Sabbath in Cases of Necessity and Mercy — Pharisees and Herodians Lay aside their Enmity to Conspire His Destruction. 2. 1-3. 6. And when He entered again into Capernaum after some days it was noised that He was in the house : and many were gathered together, so that there was no longer room for them, no, not even about the door, and He spake the word unto them. And they come, bringing unto Him a man sick of the palsy, borne by four. And when they could not bring him unto Him for the crowd, they uncovered the roof where He was, and when they had broken it up they let down the bed whereon the sick of the palsy lay. And Jesus seeing their faith saith unto the sick of the palsy. Son, thy sins are forgiven. But there were certain of the scribes sitting there and reasoning in their hearts. Why doth this man thus speak ? he blasphemeth : who can forgive sins but God alone .? And straightway Jesus, perceiving in His spirit that they so reasoned within themselves, saith unto them, Why reason ye these things in your hearts ? Whether is easier, to say to the sick of the palsy, Thy sins are for- given, or to say, Arise and take up thy bed and walk ? But that ye may know that the Son of Man hath author- ity to forgive sins on earth — He saith to the sick of the palsy, I say unto thee. Arise, take up thy bed and go unto thy house. And he arose and straightway took up 8 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. MARK 2. 12 the bed and went forth before them all ; insomuch that they are all amazed and glorify God, saying, We never saw it on this fashion. And He went forth again by the sea-side ; and all the multitude resorted unto Him, and He taught them. And as He passed by He saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the place of toll, and He saith unto him. Fol- low Me. And he arose and followed Him. And it came to pass that He was sitting at meat in Levi's house, and many tax-gatherers and sinners sat down with Jesus and His disciples ; for there were many and they followed Him. And the scribes of the Pharisees, when they saw that He was eating with the sinners and tax-gatherers, said unto His disciples. Doth He eat with tax-gatherers and sinners ? And when Jesus heard it. He saith unto them, They that are strong, have no need of a physician, but they that are sick : I came not to call * the righteous ' but sinners. And John's dis- ciples and the Pharisees were keeping a fast. And they come and say unto Him, Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but Thy disciples fast not ? And Jesus said unto them. Can the sons of the bride-chamber fast while the bridegroom is with them ? as long as they have the bridegroom with them they cannot fast : but days will come when the bridegroom shall have been taken away from them, and then will they fast in that day. No man seweth a patch of un- dressed cloth on an old garment : else that which should fill it up teareth from it, the new from the old, and a worse rent is made. And no man putteth new wine into old wine-skins : else the wine will burst the skins, and the wine perisheth and the skins : but new wine into fresh wine-skins, MARK HIS FIRST CONFLICTS. g 2. 23 And it came to pass that He was going on the sabbath day through the fields of standing grain, and His disci- ples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of grain. And the Pharisees said unto Him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful ? And He said unto them, Did ye never read what David did when he had need and was an hungred, he and they that were with him? How he entered into the « house of God, when Abiathar was high-priest, and did eat //le shewbread^ which it is not lawful to eat save for the priests, and gave also to them that were with him ? And He said unto them, The sabbath was made for man and not man for the sabbath : so that the Son of Man is Lord even of the sabbath. And He entered again into the syna- gogue, and there was a man there who had his hand withered : and they watched Him whether He w^ould heal him on the sabbath day, that they might accuse Him. And He saith unto the man that had his hand withered. Stand forth. And He saith unto them. Is it lawful on the sabbath day to do good or to do harm, to save a life or to kill ? But they held their peace. And when He had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved at the hardening of their heart, He saith unto the man. Stretch forth thy hand : and he stretched it forth, and his hand was restored. And the Pharisees went out and straightway with the Herodians took counsel against Him, how they might destroy Him. lO JESUS THE SON OF GOD, PART 3. THE SEPARATION BETWEEN THOSE WHO ACCEPT AND THOSE WHO REJECT HIM. The Eagerness of the Multitudes. He Chooses the Twelve — The Conflict Renewed. Blasphemy of His Foes. His Friends, Who They Are — In Parables He Reveals to His Friends the Mystery of the Kingdom, Its Varied Reception, Its Nature, Its Quiet Growth — In Mighty W(|rks He Reveals His Power over the Storm and Sea, over Evil Spirits. Rejected by the Gerasenes — His Power over Sickness and Death, though He is Laughed to Scorn — His Rejection at Nazareth — He Sends Forth the Twelve — His Fame at King Herod's Court. Death of John Baptist. 3. 7-6. 29. And Jesus with His disciples withdrew to the sea : and a great multitude from Galilee followed, and from Judaea and from Jerusalem and from Idumaea and be- yond Jordan and about Tyre and Sidon, a great multi- tude, hearing what great things He is doing, came unto Him. And He spake to His disciples, that a little boat should wait on Him because of the crowd, lest they should throng Him : for He had healed many ; inso- much that as many as had plagues pressed upon Him that they might touch Him. And the unclean spirits, whensoever they beheld Him, fell down before Him and cried, saying. Thou art the Son of God. And He charged them much that they should not make Him known. And He goeth up into the mountain and calleth unto Him whom He Himself would, and they went unto Him. And He appointed twelve, whom also He named apostles, that they might be with Him, and that He might send them forth to preach, and to have authority to cast out demons : and He appointed the twelve (and Simon He surnamed) Peter, and James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (and MARK HIS FRIENDS AND FOES. II 3.17 them He surnamed Boanerges, which is, Sons of Thunder), and Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thad- daeus, and Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed Him. And He cometh into a house : and the multitude cometh together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread. And when His friends heard it they went out to lay hold on Him ; for. they said. He is beside Himself. And the scribes who came down from Jerusa- lem said. He hath Beelzebub, and, By the prince of the demons casteth He out the demons. And He called them unto Him, and said unto them in parables. How can Satan cast out Satan ? And if a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand : and if a house be divided against itself, that house will not be able to stand : and if Satan hath risen up against himself and is divided, he cannot stand, but hath an end. But no one can enter into the house of the strong man and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man ; and then he will spoil his house. Verily I say unto you, All their sins shall be forgiven unto the sons of men, and their blasphemies wherewith soever they shall blaspheme ; but whosoever shall blaspheme against the Holy Spirit hath never forgiveness, but is in the grip of an eternal sin. Because they said, He hath an unclean spirit. And there come His mother and His brothers, and, standing without, they sent unto Him, calling Him. And a multitude was sitting about Him, and they say unto Him, Behold, Thy mother and Thy brothers without seek for Thee. And He answereth them, and saith. Who is My mother and My brothers ? And looking round on them that sat round about Him, He saith, Behold, My mother 12 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 3-34 and My brothers ! Whosoever shall do the will of God, the same is My brother and sister and mother. And again He began to teach by the seaside. And there is gathered unto Him a very great multitude, so that He entered into a boat, and sat in the sea ; and all the multitude were by the sea on the land. And He taught them many things in parables, and said unto them in His teaching. Hearken. Behold, the Sower went forth to sow : and it came to pass, as he sowed, some seed fell by the wayside, and the birds came and devoured it. And other fell on the rocky ground and where it had not much earth, and straightway it sprang up, because it had no deepness of earth : and when the sun was risen, it was scorched, and because it had no root it withered away. And other fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no fruit. And others fell into the good ground, and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing ; and brought- forth thirty-fold and sixty-fold and a hundred-fold. And He said, Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. And when He was alone, they that were about Him with the twelve asked of Him the parables. And He said unto them, Unto you is given the secret counsel of the king- dom of God : but unto them that are without, all things are done in parables, that Seeing they may see and not perceive^ And hearing they may hear and not understand, Lest haply they should turn and it should be forgiven the?n. And He saith unto them. Know ye not this parable ? and how shall ye know all the parables ? The Sower soweth the word. And these are they by the wayside, where the word is sown, and when they have heard, straight- MARK HIS FRIENDS AND FOES. IX 4.15 ^ way cometh Satan and taketh away the word which hath been sown in them. And these in like manner are they that are sown upon the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, straightway receive it with joy ; and they have no root in themselves, but endure for a while ; then, when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, straightway they stumble. And others are they that are sown among the thorns ; these are they that have heard the word, and the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful. And those are they that were sown upon the good ground ; such as hear the word and accept it and bear fruit, thirty-fold and sixty-fold and a hun- dred-fold. And He said unto them, Is the lamp brought to be put under the bushel or under the bed, and not to be put on the stand ? For there is nothing hid, save that it should be manifested ; neither was anything made secret, but that it should come to light. If any man hath ears to hear, let him hear. And He said unto them. Take heed what ye hear. With what measure ye mete it shall be measured unto you, and more shall be given unto you. For he that hath, to him shall be given : and he that hath not, from him shall be taken away even that which he hath. And He said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed upon the earth and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow how know- eth not he. Of herself the earth beareth fruit, first the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear. But when the fruit is ripe, straightway he sendeth forth the sickle^ because the harvest is come. And He said. How shall we liken the kingdom of God, or in what 14 JESUS THE SON OF GOD, mark 4.31 parable shall we set it forth ? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown upon the earth, though it be less than all the seeds that are upon the earth — and when it is sown, groweth up and becometh greater than all the herbs and putteth out great branches ; so that the birds of the heaven can lodge U7ider the shadow thereof. And with many such parables spake He the word unto them, as they were able to hear it : and without a parable spake He not unto them, but privately to His own disciples He expounded all things. And on that day, when even was come, He saith unto them. Let us go over unto the other side. And leaving the multitude, they take Him with them, even as He was, in the boat, and other boats were with Him. And there ariseth a great storm of wind, and the waves were beating into the boat, insomuch that the boat was now filling. And He Himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion : and they awake Him and say unto him, Master, carest Thou not that we perish ? And when He was awakened He rebuked the wind and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm. And He said unto them. Why are ye cowardly ? have ye not yet faith ? And they feared exceedingly, and said one to another, Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey Him ? And they came to the other side of the sea, into the country of the Gerasenes. And when He was come out of the boat, straightway there met Him out of the tombs a man with an unclean spirit, who had his dwelling in the tombs, and no man could any more bind him, no, not with a chain, because that he had been often bound with fetters and chains, and the chains had been rent asunder by him, and the fetters broken in pieces : and no man had strength to tame him : and always night and day in MARK HIS FRIENDS AND FOES. I 5 5.5 the tombs and in the mountains he was crying out and cutting himself with stones. And when he saw Jesus from afar he ran and worshipped Him, and crying out with a loud voice, he saith, What wilt Thou have of me, Jesus, Thou Son of the Most High God ? I adjure Thee by God, torment me not. For He was saying unto him. Come forth, thou unclean spirit, out of the man. And He asked him, What is thy name ? And he saith unto Him, My name is Legion, for we are many : and he be- sought Him much that He would not send them away out of the country. Now there was there on the moun- tain side a great herd of swine feeding. And they be- sought Him, saying, Send us into the swine, that we may enter into them. And He gave them leave. And the unclean spirits came out and entered into the swine, and the herd rushed down the steep into the sea, in number about two thousand, and they were choked in the sea. And they that fed them fled and told it in the city and in the country : and they came to see what it was that had come to pass. And they come to Jesus, and behold the demoniac sitting, clothed and in his right mind, him that had the legion ; and they were afraid. And they that saw it declared unto them how it befell the demoniac and concerning the swine. And they began to beseech Him to depart from their borders. And as He was enter- ing into the boat, he that had been possessed with demons besought Him that he might be with Him. A|^ He suffered him not, but saith unto him. Go to thy house unto thy friends, and tell them how great things the Lord hath done for thee and how He had mercy on thee. And he went his way and began to publish in Decapolis how great things Jesus had done for him ; and all men did marvel. And when Jesus had crossed over again in the boat 1 6 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 5.21 unto the other side, a great multitude was gathered unto Him ; and He was by the sea. And there cometh one of the rulers of the synagogue, Jairus by name ; and seeing Him he falleth at His feet and beseecheth Him much, saying, My little daughter is at the point of death; I pray Thee, that Thou come and lay Thy hands on her, that she may be saved and live. And He went with him. And a great multitude followed Him, and they thronged Him. And a woman who had an issue of blood twelve years, and had suffered many things by many physicians, and had spent all that she had and was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse, having heard the things concern- ing Jesus, came in the crowd behind and touched His garment. For she said, If I touch but His garments I shall be saved. And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up, and she felt in her body that she was healed of her plague. And straightway Jesus, fully knowing in Himself the power that had gone forth from Him, turned Him about in the crowd and said, Who touched My garments ? And His disciples said unto Him, Thou seest the multitude thronging Thee, and sayest Thou, Who touched Me ? And He looked round about to see her that had done this thing. But the woman fear- ing and trembling, knowing what had been done to her, came and fell down before Him and told Him all the truth. And He said unto her. Daughter, thy faith hath sa«ed thee : go in peace, and be whole of thy plague. While He yet spake, they come from the ruler of the synagogue's house, saying. Thy daughter is dead : why troublest thou the Master any further ? But Jesus, not heeding the word spoken, saith unto the ruler of the synagogue. Fear not, only believe. And He suffered no man to follow with Him, save Peter, and James, and MARK HIS FRIENDS AND FOES. 1 7 5.37 John the brother of James. And they come to the house of the ruler of the synagogue ; and He beholdeth a tumult and many women crying and wailing greatly ; and when He was entered in, He saith unto them, Why make ye a tumult, and cry ? the child is not dead, but sleepeth. And they laughed Him to scorn. But He, having put them all forth, taketh the father of the child and her mother and them that were with Him and goeth in where the child was. And taking the child by the hand. He saith unto her, Taleitha koum, which is, being interpreted. Damsel, I say unto thee, Arise. And straight- way the damsel rose up and walked ; for she was twelve years old. And they were amazed straightway with a great amazement. And He charged them much that no man should know this ; and He commanded that some- thing should be given her to eat. And He went out from thence ; and He cometh into His own country ; and His disciples follow Him. And when the sabbath was come. He began to teach in the synagogue : and the many hearing Him were astonished, saying. Whence hath this man these things, and what is the wisdom that is given unto this man, and what mean such mighty works wrought by his hands ? Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary and brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon ? and are not his sisters here with us ? And they were offended in Him. And Jesus said unto them, A prophet is not without honor, save in his own country and among his own kin and in his own house. And He could there do no mighty work, save that He laid his hands upon a few sick folk and healed them : and He marvelled because of their unbelief. And He went round about the villages teaching. And He calleth unto Him the twelve, and began to send them 1 8 [ESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 6. 7 forth by two and two ; and He gave them authority over the unclean spirits ; and He charged them that they should take nothing for their journey, save a staff only ; no bread, no wallet, no brass even in their girdle ; but to go shod with sandals ; and, said He, put not on two coats. And He said unto them. Wheresoever ye enter into a house, there abide till ye depart thence. And whatsoever place shall not receive you and they hear you not, as ye go forth thence shake off the dust that is under your feet for a testimony unto them. And they went out, and preached that men should repent, and cast out many demons, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them. And king Herod heard thereof ; for His name had become known, and they said, John the Baptist is risen from the dead, and therefore do these powers work in him : but others said, It is Elijah : and others said, A prophet, as one of the prophets. But Herod, when he heard thereof, said. The John whom I beheaded, he is risen. For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John and bound him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife ; for he had married her : for John said unto Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have thy brother's wife. And Herodias set herself against him and desired to kill him, and could not ; for Herod feared John, knowing that he was a righteous man and a holy, and kept him safe, and when he heard him he was much perplexed, and he heard him gladly. And when a convenient day was come that Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords and the high cap- tains and the chief men of Galilee ; and when his daughter Herodias herself came in and danced, she pleased Herod and them that sat at meat with him. MARK CULMINATION OF HIS MINISTRY. IQ 6. 22 ^ And the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me whatso- ever thou wilt, and I will give it thee : and he sware unto her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask of me, I will give it thee, unto the half of my kingdom. And she went out, and said unto her mother. What shall I ask ? And she said, The head of John the Baptist. And she came in straightway with haste unto the king and asked, saying, I will that thou forthwith give me in a charger the head of John the Baptist. And the king was exceeding sorry ; but for the sake of his oaths and of them that sat at meat he would not disappoint her : and straightway the king sent forth a soldier of his guard, and commanded to bring his head : and he went and beheaded him in the prison and brought his head in a charger and gave it to the damsel, and the damsel gave it to her mother. And when his disciples heard thereof, they came and took up his corpse and laid it in a tomb. PART 4. CULMINATION OF HIS MINISTRY AMONG THE PEOPLE — SHARPER CONFLICTS WITH HIS FOES — HIS DISCIPLES STILL IMPERFECTLY UNDERSTAND HIM. Return of the Twelve. His Power to Feed Life : the Five Thousand. He Walks on the Sea. He Heals Many — His Conflict with Pha- risees and Scribes concerning Traditions as to Clean and Unclean. His Disciples do not Understand — He Cleanses a Gentile Girl from an Evil Spirit, and Heals One Who is Deaf and Dumb — His Power to Feed Life : the Four Thousand — He refuses to Give a Sign from Heaven. His Disciples do not Understand nor Perceive — He heals a Blind Man Gradually and Apart. 6. 30-8. 26. And the apostles gather themselves together unto Jesus, and told Him all things whatsoever they had done and whatsoever they had taught. And He saith unto 20 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 6.31 them, Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place and rest a while. For there were many coming and going, and they had no leisure so much as to eat. And they went away in the boat to a desert place apart. And many saw them going, and understood it, and they ran there together on foot from all the cities and outwent them. And He came forth and saw a great multitude, and He had compassion on them because they were as sheep not having a shepherd ; and He began to teach them many things. And when the day was now far spent. His disciples came unto Him, and said, The place is desert, and the day is now far spent : send them away, that they may go into the country and villages round about and buy themselves somewhat to eat. But He answered and said unto them. Give ye them to eat. And they say unto Him, Shall we go and buy two hundred shillingworths of bread, and give them to eat ? And He saith unto them, How many loaves have ye ? go see. And when they knew, they say, Five, and two fishes. And He commanded them that all should sit down by companies upon the green grass. And they sat down in ranks, by hundreds and by fifties. And He took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven He blessed and brake the loaves and gave to the disciples to set before them, and the two fishes divided He among them all. And they did all eat and were filled : and they took up broken pieces, twelve handbasketfuls, and also of the fishes. And they that ate the loaves were five thousand men. And straightway He constrained His disciples to enter into the boat and to go before Him unto the other side to Bethsaida, while He Himself sendeth the multitude away. And after He had taken leave of them He departed into the mountain to pray. MARK CULMINATION OF HIS MINISTRY. 21 6.47 And when even was come, the boat was in the midst of the sea, and He alone on the land. And seeing them dis- tressed in rowing, for the wind was contrary unto them, about the fourth watch of the night He cometh unto them, walking on the sea ; and He would have passed by them. But they, when they saw Him walking on the sea, supposed that it was an apparition, and cried out ; for they all saw Him and were troubled. But He straightway spake with them, and saith unto 'them, Be of good cheer, it is I ; be not afraid. And He went up unto them into the boat, and the wind ceased. And they were sore amazed in themselves ; for they understood not concern- ing the loaves, but their heart was hardened. And when they had crossed over to the land, they came unto Gennesaret and moored to the shore. And when they were come out of the boat, straightway the people knew Him and ran round about that whole region and began to carry about on their beds those that were sick where they heard He was. And wheresoever He entered, into villages or into cities or into the country they laid the sick in the market-places, and besought Him that they might touch if it were but the border of His gar- ment : and as many as touched Him were made whole. And there are gathered together unto Him the Phari- sees, and certain of the scribes, who had come from Jerusalem and had seen that some of His disciples ate their bread with " defiled," that is, unwashen, hands. (For the Pharisees and all the Jews, except they wash their hands to the wrist, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders : and when they come from the market-place, ex- cept they sprinkle themselves, they eat not ; and many other. things there are, which they have received to hold, washings of cups and pots and brazen vessels.) And the 22 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 7.5 Pharisees and the scribes ask Him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat their bread with "defiled" hands? And He said unto them, Well did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honor eth Me with their lips, But their heart is far from Me .• But in vain do they worship Me, Teachi?ig doctrines that are the precepts of men. Ye leave the commandment of God and hold fast the tradition of men. And He said unto them, Full well do ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your tradition : for Moses said. Honor thy father and thy mother, and. He that speaketh evil of father or mother, let him die the death : but ye say, If a man shall say to his father or his mother. That wherewith thou mightest have been profited by me is Corban, that is to say, Given to God, ye no longer suffer him to do aught for his father or his mother ; making void the word of God by your tradition which ye have delivered : and many such like things ye do. And He called to Him the multitude again and said unto them. Hear Me all of you and under- stand. There is nothing from without the man, that going into him can defile him : but the things which proceed out of the man are those that defile the man. And when He was entered into the house from the mul- titude, His disciples asked of Him the parable. And He saith unto them. Are ye so without understanding also ? Perceive ye not, that whatsoever from without goeth into the man, it cannot defile him ; because it goeth not into his heart, but into his belly, and goeth out into the draught? This He said, making all meats clean. .And He said, That which proceedeth out of the man, that MARK CULMINATION OF HIS MINISTRY. 23 7. 20 defileth the man : for from within, out of the heart of men, evil thoughts proceed, fornications, thefts, murders, adulteries, covetings, wickednesses, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, railing, pride, foolishness : all these evil things proceed from within and defile the man. And from thence He arose and went away into the borders of Tyre and Sidon. And He entered into a house and would have no man know it ; and He could not be hid : but straightway a woman whose little daugh- ter had an unclean spirit, having heard of Him, came and fell down at His feet : now the woman was a Gen- tile, a Syrophosnician by race : and she besought Him that He would cast forth the demon out of her daughter. And He said unto her. Let the children first be filled ; for it is not meet to take the children's bread and cast it to the dogs. But she answered and saith unto Him, Yea, Lord, feed the children first, and the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs. And He said unto her, For this saying go thy way ; the demon is gone out of thy daughter. And she went away unto her house and found the child laid upon the bed, and the demon gone out. And again He went out from the borders of Tyre and came through Sidon unto the sea of Galilee through the midst of the borders of Decapolis. And they bring unto Him one that was deaf and had an impediment in his speech, and beseech Him to lay His hand upon him. And He took him aside from the multi- tude privately and put His fingers into his ears, and He spat, and touched his tongue ; and looking up to heaven, He sighed and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is. Be opened : and his ears were opened, and the bond of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain. And He charged them that they should tell no man : but the more He 24 lESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark charged them, so much the more a great deal they pub- lished it. And they were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well : He maketh even the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak. In those days, when there was again a great multitude and they had nothing to eat. He called unto Him His disciples, and saith unto them, I have compassion on the multitude because they continue with Me now three days and have nothing to eat : and if I send them away fast- ing to their home, they will faint in the way ; and some of them are come from far. And His disciples answered Him, Whence shall one be able to fill these men with bread here in a desert place ? And He asked them, How many loaves have ye ? And they said, Seven. And He commandeth the multitude to sit down on the ground : and He took the seven loaves, and having given thanks He brake and gave to His disciples to set before them, and they set them before the multitude. And they had a few small fishes : and having blessed them He com- manded to set these also before them. And they did eat and were filled : and they took up, of broken pieces that remained over, seven hampers. And they were about four thousand. And He sent them away. And straight- way He entered into the boat with His disciples and came into the parts of Dalmanutha. And the Pharisees came forth and began to question with Him, seeking of Him a sign from heaven, making trial of Him. And He sighed deeply in His spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek a sign ? verily I say, There shall no sign be given unto this generation. And He left them and again entering into the boat departed to the other side. And they forgot to take bread ; and they had not in the boat with them more than one MARK CULMINATION OF HIS MINISTRY. 2< 8.15 loaf. And He charged them, saying, Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the leaven of Herod. And they reasoned one with another, because they had no bread. And Jesus perceiving it saith unto them, Why reason ye, because ye have no bread ? do ye not yet perceive, neither understand ? have ye your heart hardened ? Having eyes^ see ye not ? and having ears^ hear ye not? and do ye not remember when I brake the five loaves among the five thousand, how many handbasket- fuls of broken pieces ye took up ? They say unto Him, Twelve. When the seven among the four thousand, how many hampers of broken pieces took ye up ? And they say unto Him, Seven. And He said unto them. Do ye not yet understand ? And they come unto Bethsaida. And they bring to Him a blind man and beseech Him to touch him. And He took hold of the blind man by the hand and brought him out of the village ; and when He had spit on his eyes and laid His hands upon him, He asked him, Seest thou aught ? And he looked up, and said, I see the men ; for I behold them as trees walking. Then again He laid His hands upon his eyes ; and he looked stedfastly, and was restored, and saw all things clearly. And He sent him away to his home, saying, Do not even enter into the village. 26 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. PART 5. THE TRAINING OF THE TWELVE. Because of the Malice of His Enemies and His Disciples' Need of Instruction, He Withdraws from the Multitudes into the Circle of His Disciples — Results of His Ministry Thus Far, as Regards the People and as Regards the Twelve. Peter's Confession of the Christ. The Training of the Twelve. The Way of the Cross First Foretold. The Kingdom in Sight — His Transfiguration — He Heals the Possessed Boy. The Disciples' Failure — The Secret of His Power : He Gives Himself without Reserve and without Fear. Second Foretelling of His Sufferings — The Disciples Dis- pute about Precedence. Greatness in the Kingdom. The Little Child — Instruction in Humility and Tolerance — Instruction as to Marriage and Children — Earthly Riches and the Kingdom. The Glory and Power of Self-Sacrifice Shown to the Rich Young Ruler and the Poor Disciples. Third Foretelling of His Sufferings. He Leads the Way in Sacrifice — Blind Begging of James and John for Princely Honor in the Kingdom — The Blind Beggar Bartimaeus Receives Sight and Immediately Follows Him. 8. 27-10. 52. And Jesus went forth, and His disciples, into the villages of Caesarea Philippi : and in the way He asked His disciples, saying unto them, Who do men say that I am ? And they told Him, saying, John the Baptist ; and others, Elijah ; but others, One of the prophets. And He asked them, But you, who say ye that I am ? Peter answereth and saith unto Him, Thou art the Christ. And He charged them that they should tell no man of Him. And He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again : and He spake the saying openly. And Peter took Him, and began to rebuke Him. But He turning about and seeing His disciples, rebuked Peter and saith, Get thee MARK HIS TRAINING OF THE TWELVE, 27 8. 33 ^ behind me, Satan : for thou art taking not the part of God but of men. And He called unto Him the multitude with His disciples, and said unto them, If any man would come after Me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow Me. For whosoever would save his life shall lose it ; and whosoever shall lose his life for My sake and the gospel's shall save it. For what doth it profit a man to gain the whole world and forfeit his life ? For what should a man give in exchange for his life ? For whosoever shall be ashamed of Me and of My words in this adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man also shall be ashamed of him when He cometh in the glory of His Father with the holy angels. And He said unto them, Verily I say unto you, There be some here of them that stand by, who shall in no wise taste of death till they see the kingdom of God come with power. And after six days Jesus taketh with Him Peter and James and John, and bringeth them up into a high mountain apart by themselves. And He was transfigured before them, and His garments became glistering, ex- ceeding white, so as no fuller on earth can whiten them. And there appeared unto them Elijah with Moses, and they were talking with Jesus. And Peter answereth and saith to Jesus, Rabbi, it is good for us to be here ; and let us make three booths ; one for Thee and one for Moses and one for Elijah. For he knew not what to answer ; for they became sore afraid. And there came a cloud surrounding them with brightness, and there came a voice out of the cloud. This is My beloved Son, hear ye Him. And suddenly looking round about, they saw no one any more, save Jesus only with themselves. And as they were coming down from the mountain He 28 JESUS THE SOiV OF GOD. mark 9. 9 charged them that they should tell no man what things they had seen, save when the Son of Man should have risen again from the dead. And they kept the saying, questioning among themselves what the rising again from the dead should mean. And they asked Him, saying. How is it that the scribes say that Elijah must first come ? And He said unto them, Elijah indeed cometh first and restoreth all things ; and how is it written of the Son of Man, that He should suffer many things and be set at nought ? But I say unto you, that Elijah is come, and they have also done unto him whatsoever they listed, even as it is written of him. And when they came to the disciples they saw a great multitude about them, and scribes questioning with them. And straightway all the multitude when they saw Him, were greatly amazed, and running to Him saluted Him. And He asked them. What question ye with them ? And one of the multitude answered Him, Master, I brought unto Thee my son, who hath a dumb spirit ; and where- soever it taketh him, it dasheth him down, and he foam- eth and grindeth his teeth and pineth away : and I spake to Thy disciples that they should cast it out ; and they were not able. And He answereth them and saith, O faithless generation, how long shall I be with you ? how long shall I bear with you ? bring him unto Me. And they brought him unto Him. And when he saw Him straightway the spirit tare him grievously, and he fell on the ground and wallowed foaming. And He asked his father. How long time is it since this hath come unto him ? And he said, From a child : and oft-times it hath cast him both into the fire and into the waters, to destroy him : but if Thou canst do anything, have compassion on us and help us. And Jesus said unto him, As to that MARK HIS TRAINING OF THE TWELVE. 2Q 9-23 word, If Thou canst, all things are possible to him that believeth. Straightway the father of the child cried out and said, I believe ; help Thou mine unbelief. And when Jesus saw that a multitude came running together, He rebuked the unclean spirit, saying unto him, Thou dumb and deaf spirit, I command thee, come out of him and enter no more into him. And having cried out and torn him much he came out : and the child became as one dead ; insomuch that the more part said, He is dead. But Jesus took him by the hand, and raised him up ; and he arose. And when He was come into the house His disciples asked Him privately, How is it that we could not cast it out? And He said unto them. This kind can come out by nothing save by prayer. And they went forth from thence and passed through Galilee ; and He would not that any man should know, it : for He taught His disciples and said unto them. The Son of Man is delivered up into the hands of men, and they shall kill Him ; and when He is killed, after three days He shall rise again. But they understood not the saying, and were afraid to ask Him. And they came to Capernaum. And when He was in the house He asked them, What were ye reasoning in the way ? But they held their peace ; for they had disputed one with another in the way, who was the greatest. And He sat down and called the twelve and saith unto them, If any man would be first, he shall be last of all and minister of all. And He took a little child and set him in the midst of them, and taking him in His arms He said unto them. Whosoever shall receive one of such little children in My name receiveth Me : and whoso- ever receiveth Me, receiveth not Me, but Him that sent Me. John said unto Him, Master, we saw one ^O /ESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -^ 9. 38 casting out demons in Thy name, and we forbade him, because he followed not us. But Jesus said, Forbid him not ; for there is no man who shall do a mighty work in My name and be able quickly to speak evil of Me : for he that is not against us is for us. For whosoever shall give you a cup of water to drink because ye are Christ's, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward. And whosoever shall cause one of these little ones that believe to stumble, it were better for him if a great mill- stone were hanged about his neck and he were cast into the sea. And if thy hand cause thee to stumble, cut it off : it is good for thee to enter into life maimed, rather than having thy two hands to go into hell, into the unquenchable fire. And if thy foot cause thee to stumble, cut it off : it is good for thee to enter into life halt, rather than having thy two feet to be cast into hell. And if thine eye cause thee to stumble, cast it out : it is good for thee to enter into the kingdom of God with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into hell, where their ivorm dieth not and the fire is not quenched : for every one shall be salted with fire. Salt is good : but if the salt have lost its saltness, wherewith will ye season it ? Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace one with another. And He arose from thence and cometh into the borders of Judaea and beyond Jordan ; and multitudes come together unto Him again ; and, as He was wont. He taught them again. And there came unto Him Pharisees, and asked Him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife ? making trial of Him, And He answered and said unto them. What did Moses command you ? And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorce- ment, and to put her away. But Jesus said unto them, MARK HIS TRAINING OF THE TWELVE. 3 1 10.5 For your hardness of heart he wrote you this command- ment : but from the beginning of the creation, Male and female made He them : for this cause shall a man leave his father and mother^ and the twain shall become one flesh : so that they are no more twain, but one flesh : what there- fore God hath joined together let not man put asunder. And in the house the disciples asked Him again of this matter. And He saith unto them. Whosoever shall put away his wife and marry another, committeth adultery against her ; and if she herself shall put away her hus- band and marry another, she committeth adultery. And they brought unto Him little children that He should touch them : and the disciples rebuked them. But when Jesus saw it He was moved with indignation and said unto them. Suffer the little children to come unto Me ; forbid them not : for to such belongeth the kingdom of God. Verily I say unto you. Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child, he shall in no wise enter therein. And He took them in His arms and blessed them, laying His hands upon them. And as He was going forth into the way, there ran one to Him and kneeled to Him and asked Him, Good Mas- ter, what shall I do that I may inherit eternal life ? And Jesus said unto him, Why callest thou Me good ? none is good save God alone. Thou knowest the commandments, Do not kill^ Do not coimnit adultery^ Do not steals Do not bear false wit7iess^ Do not defraud. Honor thy father and mother. And he said unto Him, Master, all these things have I observed from my youth. And Jesus looking upon him loved him, and said unto him, One thing thou lackest : go, sell whatsoever thou hast and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven ; and come. 32 JESUS THE SON- OF GOD. mark 10. 22 follow Me. But his countenance fell at the saying, and he went away sorrowful ; for he was one that had great possessions. And Jesus looked round about and saith unto His disciples, How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God ! And the disciples were amazed at His words. But Jesus answereth again and saith unto them. Children, how hard is it to enter into the kingdom of God ! It is easier for a camel to go through a needle's eye than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. And they were astonished exceedingly, saying unto Him, Then who can be saved ? Jesus looking upon them saith. With men it is impossible, but not with God ; for all things are possible with God. Peter began to say unto Him, Lo, we have left all and have followed Thee. Jesus said, Verily I say unto you, There is no man that hath left house or brethren or sisters or mother or father or chil- dren or lands, for My sake, and for the gospel's sake, but he shall receive a hundred-fold now in this time, houses and brethren and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions ; and in the world to come eternal life. But many that are first shall be last ; and the last first. And they were in the way, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them ; and they were amazed ; and they that followed were afraid. And He took again the twelve and began to tell them the things that were to happen unto Him, saying. Behold, we go up to Jeru- salem, and the Son of Man shall be delivered unto the chief priests and the scribes, and they shall condemn Him to death and shall deliver Him unto the Gentiles, and they shall mock Him and shall spit upon Him and MARK JUS TRAINING OF THE TWELVE. X\ 10.34 shall scourge Him and shall kill Him ; and after three days He shall rise again. And there come near unto Him James and John, the two sons of Zebedee, saying unto Him, Master, we would that Thou shouldest do for us whatsoever we shall ask of Thee. And He said unto them, What would ye that I should do for you ? And they said unto Him, Grant unto us that we may sit, one on Thy right hand, and one on Thy left hand, in Thy glory. But Jesus said unto them, Ye know not what ye ask. Are ye able to drink the cup that I drink, or to be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with ? And they said unto Him, We are able. And Jesus said unto them, The cup that I drink ye shall drink, and with the baptism that I am baptized withal shall ye be baptized ; but to sit on My right hand or on My left hand is not Mine to give, save to them for whom it hath been prepared. And when the ten heard it, they began to be moved with indignation concerning James and John. And Jesus called them to Him and saith unto them, Ye know that they who are accounted to rule over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them. But it is not so among you : but whosoever would become great among you, shall be your minister, and whosoever would be first among you, shall be bond- servant of all. For the Son of Man also came not to be ministered unto, but to minister and to give His life a ransom for many. And they come to Jericho. And as He went out from Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, the son of Timcbus, Bartimaeus, a blind beggar, was sitting by the wayside. And when he heard that it was Jesus the Nazarene he began to cry out and say, Jesus, Thou Son 34 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^^ '' 10. 48 of David, have mercy on me. And many rebuked him, that he should hold his peace : but he cried out the more a great deal, Thou Son of David have mercy on me. And Jesus stood still, and said. Call him. And they call the blind man, saying unto him. Be of good cheer : rise, He calleth thee. And he, casting away his garment, sprang up and came to Jesus. And Jesus answered him and said. What wilt tholi that I should do unto thee ? And the blind man said unto Him, Rabboni, that I may receive my sight. And Jesus said unto him, Go thy way ; thy faith hath saved thee. And straightway he received his sight, and followed Him in the way. PART 6. HIS MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM. Triumphant Entry into Jerusalem as King — Withering Curse of Bar- ren Fig-Tree. Cleansing of the Temple. Power of Faith — His Conflicts with the Leaders of the People : the Chief Priests, Scribes, and Elders. Nature of His Authority. The Wicked Hus- bandmen. The Rejected Corner-Stone — Pharisees and Herodians. The Roman Tribute. God and Caesar — Sadducees — The Resur- rection— A Scribe's Question : The Two Great Commandments. David's Son and Lord. Warning against the Scribes. The Poor Widow's Offering — He Foretells the Ruin of the Temple, the De- struction of Jerusalem, the End of the Age, His Second Coming. II. 1-13. 37. And when they draw nigh unto Jerusalem, unto Beth- phage and Bethany, at the mount of Olives, He sendeth two of His disciples and saith unto them. Go your way into the village that is over against you, and straightway as ye enter into it ye shall find a colt tied, whereon no man ever yet sat ; loose him, and bring him. And if any pne say unto you, Why do ye this ? say ye. The Lord MARK HIS MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM, 35 II. 3 hath need of him ; and straightway he will send him back hither. And they went away and found a colt tied at the door without in the open street ; and they loose him. And certain of them that stood there said unto them, What do ye, loosing the colt ? And they said unto them even as Jesus had said : and they let them go. And they bring the colt unto Jesus, and cast on him their garments ; and He sat upon him. And many spread their garments upon the way ; and others branches, which they had cut from the fields. And they that went before, and they that followed, cried, Hosanna : Blessed is he that cometh in the nafne of the Lord: Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David : Hosanna in the highest. And He entered into Jerusalem, into the temple ; and when He had looked round about upon all things, it being now eventide. He went out unto Bethany with the twelve. And on the morrow, when they were come out from Bethany, He hungered. And seeing a fig-tree afar off having leaves. He came, if haply He might find anything thereon ; and when He came to it. He found nothing but leaves ; for it was not the season of figs. And He an- swered and said unto it, No man eat fruit from thee hence- forward for ever. And His disciples heard it. And they come to Jerusalem. And He entered into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and them that bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the money-changers and the seats of them that sold the doves ; and He would not suffer that any man should carry a vessel through the temple ; and He taught, and said unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called 36 JESUS THE SON OF GOD, mark II. 17 a house of prayer for all the nations ? but ye have made it a den of robbers. And the chief priests and the scribes heard it, and sought how they might destroy Him : for they feared Him, for all the multitude was astonished at His teaching. And every evening they went forth out of the city. And as they passed by in the morning they saw the fig-tree withered away from the roots. And Peter calling to remembrance saith unto Him, Rabbi, be- hold, the fig-tree which Thou cursedst is withered away. And Jesus answering saith unto them. Have faith in God : verily I say unto you, Whosoever shall say unto this mountain. Be thou taken up and cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that what he saith cometh to pass ; he shall have it. There- fore I say unto you, All things whatsoever ye pray and ask for, believe that ye have received them, and ye shall have them. And whensoever ye stand praying, forgive, if ye have aught against any one ; that your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses. And they come again to Jerusalem. And as He was walking in the temple, there come to Him the chief priests and the scribes and the elders, and they said unto Him, By what authority doest thou these things ? or who gave thee this authority to do these things ? And Jesus said unto them, I will ask of you one question, ana answer Me, and I will tell you by what authority I do these things : the baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men ? answer Me. And they reasoned wath themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven ; he will say. Why then did ye not believe him ? But shall we say. From men ? — they feared the people ; for all held John to be a prophet indeed. And they answered Jesus and say. We know not. And Jesus saith unto them, MARK HIS MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM. 37 11.33 Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things. And He began to speak unto them in parables : A razji planted a vineyard, and set a hedge about it and digged a pit for the wifiepress and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into another country. And at the season he sent to the husbandmen a servant, that he might receive from the husbandmen of the fruits of the vineyard : and they took him and beat him and sent him away empty. And again he sent unto them another servant ; and him they wounded in the head and handled shamefully. And he sent another ; and him they killed, and many others, beating some and killing some. He had yet one, a beloved son : he sent him last unto them, saying. They will reverence my son. But those husband- men said among themselves. This is the heir ; come let us kill him, and the inheritance shall be ours. And they took him and killed him, and cast him forth out of the vineyard. What will the lord of the vineyard do ? he will come and destroy the husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others. Have ye not read even this scripture : The stone which the builders rejected, The same was made the head of the corner : This was from the Lord, And it is marvellous in our eyes ? And they sought to lay hold on Him ; and they feared the multitude ; for they perceived that He spake the parable against them. And they left Him and went away. And they send unto Him certain of the Pharisees and of the Herodians, that they might catch Him with a question. And when they were come they say unto Him, Master, we know that Thou art true and carest 2S lESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ 12. 14 not for any one ; for Thou regardest not the person of men, but of a truth teachest the way of God : Is it law- ful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not ? Shall we give or shall we not give ? But He, knowing their hypocrisy, said unto them. Why make ye trial of Me ? bring Me a denarius, that I may see it. And they brought it. And He saith unto them. Whose is this image and superscrip- tion ? And they said unto Him, Caesar's. And Jesus said unto them, Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's. And they marvelled greatly at Him. And there come unto Him Sadducees who say that there is no resurrection ; and they asked Him, saying. Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a mans brother die and leave a wife behind him, and leave no child, that his brother should take his wife and raise up seed unto his brother. There were seven brothers : and the first took a wife, and dying left no seed ; and the second took her, and died, leaving no seed behind him ; and the third like- wise : and the seven left no seed : last of all the woman also died. In the resurrection whose wife shall she be of them ? for the seven had her to wife. Jesus said unto them. Is it not for this cause that ye err, that ye know not the scriptures nor the power of God ? For when they shall rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are as angels in heaven : but as touching the dead, that they are raised, have ye not read in the book of Moses, in the place concerning the Bush, how God spake unto him, saying, / a7n the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob 2 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living : ye do greatly err. And one of the scribes came and heard them ques- MARK HIS MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM. 39 tioning together, and knowing that He had answered them well, asked Him, What commandment is the first of all ? Jesus answered, The first is, Hear, O Israel, The Lord our God, the Lord is One, and thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soul and with all thy mind and with all thy streftgth. The second is this. Thou shalt loz'e thy neighbor as thyself. There is none other commandment greater than these. And the scribe said unto Him, Excellently, Teacher, truly hast Thou said that He is One and there is none other but He : and to love Him with all the heart and with all the understanding and with all the strength and to love his neighbor as himself is much more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacri- fices. And when Jesus saw that he answered discreetly He said unto him, Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no man after that durst ask Him any question. And Jesus answered and said, as He taught in the tem- ple. How say the scribes that the Christ is the son of David ? David himself said in the Holy Spirit, The Lord said unto My Lord, Sit Thou on My right hand Till I put Thine enemies tmderneath Thy feet : David himself calleth Him Lord, and whence is He his son ? And the great multitude heard Him gladly. And in His teaching He said. Beware of the scribes, who desire to walk in long robes and to have salutations in the market-places and chief seats in the synagogues and chief places at feasts ; they who devour widows* houses and for a pretence make long prayers ; these shall receive greater condemnation. And He sat down over against the treasury and beheld how the multitude cast money into the treasury : and many that were rich cast in much : and there came a poor widow, and she cast in two mites, which make a farthing. And He 40 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -^ 12.43 called unto Him His disciples and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, This poor widow cast in more than all they who are casting into the treasury : for they all did cast in of their superfluity ; but she of her want did cast in all that she had, all her living. And as He went forth out of the temple one of His disciples saith unto Him, Master, behold, what manner of stones and what manner of buildings ! And Jesus said unto him, Seest thou these great buildings ? there shall not be left here one stone upon another, which shall not be thrown down. And as He sat on the mount of Olives over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew asked Him privately, Tell us when these things shall be, and what the sign is when these things are all about to be accomplished. And Jesus be- gan to say unto them. Take heed that no man lead you astray : many shall come in My name, saying, I am He ; and shall lead many astray. And when ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars, be not troubled : // must needs come to pass, but the end is not yet. For nation shall rise against nation a?id kingdom against kingdom ; there shall be earthquakes in divers places, there shall be famines : these things are the beginning of travail. But take ye heed to yourselves : they shall deliver you up to councils, and in synagogues shall ye be beaten, and before governors and kings shall ye stand for My sake, for a testimony unto them. And the gospel must first be preached unto all the nations. And when they lead you to judgment and deliver you up, be not anxious before- hand what ye shall speak ; but whatsoever shall be given you in that hour, that speak ye ; for it is not ye that speak, but the Holy Spirit. And brother shall deliver up brother to death and the father his child, and children shall rise MARK HIS MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM. 4 1 13. 12 up against parents and cause them to be put to death : and ye shall be hated by all men for My name's sake. But he that endureth to the end, the same shall be saved. But when ye see the aboitiination of desolation standing where he ought not (let him that readeth and comment- eth on these words in the congregation take care to understand them), then let them that are in Judoea flee unto the mountains, let him that is on the housetop not go down nor enter in to take anything out of his house, and let him that is in the field not return back to take his cloak. But woe unto them that are with child and to them that give suck in those days ! And pray ye that it be not in the winter : for those days shall be tribulation such as there hath not been the like from the beginning of the creation which God created U7itil now^ and never shall be. And except the Lord had shortened the days, no flesh would have been saved : but for the elect's sake whom He chose He shortened the days. And then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here is the Christ, or, Lo, there ; believe it not : for there .shall arise false Christs 2ind false prop he fs and shall shew signs and won- ders that they may lead astray if possible the elect : but take ye heed : behold, I have told you all things before- hand. But in those days after that tribulation the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall be f ailing froi7i heaven, and the powers that are in the heavens shall be shaken. And then shall they see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory : and then shall He send forth the angels and shall gather together His elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the utterjnost part of heaven. Now from the fig-tree learn her parable: when her branch is now become tender and putteth forth 42 [ESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -^ 13. 28 its leaves, ye know that the summer is nigh ; even so ye also, when ye see these things coming to pass, know ye that He is nigh, at the doors. Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away until all these things be accomplished. Heaven and earth shall pass away, but My words shall not pass away. But of that day or that hour knoweth no one, not even the angels in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father. Take ye heed, watch, for ye know not when the time is ; as a man, sojourning in another country, having left his house and given authority to his servants, to each one his work, com- manded also the porter to watch. Watch therefore : for ye know not when the lord of the house cometh, whether at even or at midnight or at cockcrowing or in the morn- ing ; lest coming suddenly he find you sleeping. And what I say unto you I say unto all. Watch. PART 7. THE SUFFERING, DEATH. AND BURIAL OF THE SON OF GOD. Preparations for His Death : the Leaders' Plot, Mary's Memorial, Judas' Treason — His Last Passover — Gethsemane. His Agony and Betrayal — His Trial and Condemnation before the High Priest. Peter's Denial and Repentance — His Good Confession before Pontius Pilate, the Roman Governor. The Rulers and People Reject Their King. He is Condemned, Mocked, Crucified. His Death. The Roman Captain's Confession of the Son of God. His Burial. 14. 1-15. 47. Now AFTER TWO DAYS was the feast of the passover and the unleavened bread. And the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take Him with subtilty and kill Him ; for they said. Not during the feast, lest haply there shall be a tumult of the people. MARK HIS SUFFERING, DEATH, AND BURIAL. A.^ 14. 3 ^^ And while He was in Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as He sat at meat, there came a woman having an alabaster cruse of ointment of spikenard very costly, and she brake the cruse and poured it over His head. But there were some that had indignation among them- selves, saying, To what purpose hath this waste of the ointment been made ? For this ointment might have been sold for above three hundred shillings [/'. e., about the wages of a laboring man for a whole year] and given to the poor. And they murmured against her. But Jesus said. Let her alone ; why trouble ye her ? she hath wrought a. good work on Me : for ye have the poor always with you, and whensoever ye will ye can always do them good, but Me ye have not always : she hath done what she could, she hath anointed My body afore- hand for the burying. And verily 1 say unto you, Wheresoever the gospel shall be preached throughout the whole world, that also which this woman hath done shall be spoken of for a memorial of her. And Judas Iscariot, he that was one of the twelve, went away unto the chief priests, that he might deliver Him unto them. And they when they heard it were glad and promised to give him money. And he sought how he might conveniently deliver Him. And on the first day of unleavened bread, when they sacrificed the passover. His disciples say unto Him, Where wilt Thou that we go and make ready that Thou mayest eat the passover ? And He sendeth two of His disciples and saith unto them, Go into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water : follow him, and wheresoever he shall enter in say to the goodman of the house. The Master saith. Where is My guest-chamber where I shall eat the passover with My disciples ? And 44 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^^ -" 14. 15 he will himself shew you a large upper room furnished and ready : and there make ready for us. And the dis- ciples went forth and came into the city and found as He had said unto them, and made ready the passover. And when it was evening He cometh with the twelve. And as they sat and were eating, Jesus said, Verily I say unto you, One of you shall betray Me, he that eateth with Me. They began to be sorrowful, and to say unto Him one by one, Surely it is not I ? And He said unto them, One of the twelve, he that dippeth with Me in the same dish. For the Son of ^lan goeth, even as it is written of Him ; but woe unto that man through whom the Son of Man is betrayed ! good were it for that man if he had not been born. And as they were eating He took a loaf, and when He had blessed He brake it and gave to them and said. Take ye, this is My Body. And He took a cup and when He had given thanks He gave to them, and they all drank of it. And He said unto them. This is My Blood of the Cotsenant, which is shed for many : verily I say unto you, I will no more drink of the fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God. And when they had sung a hymn they went out unto the mount of Olives. And Jesus saith unto them. All ye shall be offended ; for it is written, / wiil smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered abroad : howbeit, after I am raised up I will go before you into Galilee. But Peter said unto Him, Although all shall be offended, yet will not I. And Jesus saith unto him, Verily I say unto thee, that thou to-day, this night, before the cock crow twice, shalt deny Me thrice. But he spake exceeding vehemently. If I must die with Thee, I will not deny Thee. And in like manner also said they all. MARK /f/s SUFFERING, DEATH, AND BURIAL. 45 14. 32 And they come unto an enclosed piece of ground which was named Gethsemane, and He saith unto His disciples, Sit ye here, while I pray. And He taketh with Him Peter and James and John, and began to be greatly amazed and sore troubled, and saith unto them. My soul is exceeding sorrowful even unto death : abide ye here, and watch. And He went forward a little and fell on the ground, and prayed that, if it were possible, the hour might pass away from Him, and said, Abba, Father, all things are possible unto Thee ; remove this cup from Me : howbeit not what I will, but what Thou wilt. And He cometh and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou ? couldest thou not watch one hour ? Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation : the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak. And again He went away and prayed, saying the same words. And again He came and found them sleeping, for their eyes were very heavy, and they knew not what to answer Him. And He cometh the third time and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest : it is enough ; the hour is come ; behold, the Son of Man is betrayed into the hand of sinners. Arise, let us be going : behold, he that betrayeth Me is at hand. And straightway while He yet spake cometh Judas, one of the twelve, and with him a multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and the scribes and the elders. Now he that betrayed Him had given them a token, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that is He ; take Him, and lead Him away safely. And when he was come, straightway he came to Him, and saith, Rabbi ; and kissed Him again and again. And they laid hands on Him and took Him. But a certain one of them that stood by drew his sword and smote 4.6 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -^ 14. 47 the servant of the high priest and struck off his ear. And Jesus answered and said unto them, Are ye come out as against a robber, with swords and staves to seize Me ? I was daily with you in the temple teaching, and ye took Me not : but this is done that the scriptures might be fulfilled. And they all left Him, and fled. And a certain young man followed with Him, having a linen garment cast about him over his naked body ; and they lay hold on him ; but he left the linen cloth and fled naked. And they led Jesus away to the high priest ; and there come together with him all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes. And Peter had followed Him afar off even within into the court of the high priest, and was sit- ting with the officers, and warming himself in the light of the fire. Now the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin sought witness against Jesus to put Him to death, and found it not : for many bare false witness against Him, and their witness agreed not together. And there stood up certain and bare false witness against Him, saying. We heard Him say, I will destroy this temple that is made with hands and in three days I will build another made without hands : and not even so did their witness agree together. And the high priest stood up in the midst, and asked Jesus, saying, Answerest thou nothing ? what is it which these witness against thee ? But He held His peace and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked Him and saith unto Him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed ? And Jesus said, I am, and ye shall see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of power and corning with the clouds of heaven. And the high priest rent his clothes and saith. What further need have we of wit- nesses ? Ye have heard the blasphemy : what think ye ? MARK HIS SUFFERING, DEATH, AND BURIAL. A.'? 14. 64 ^^ And they all condemned Him to be worthy of death. And some began to spit on Him and to cover His face and to buffet Him and to say unto Him, Prophesy ; and the officers received Him with blows of their hands. And as Peter was beneath in the court, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest, and seeing Peter warming himself she looked upon him, and saith, Thou also wast with the Nazarene, Jesus : but he denied, saying, I neither know nor understand what thou sayest : and he went out into the porch. And the maid saw him and be- gan again to say to them that stood by. This is one of them. But he again denied it. And after a little while again they that stood by said to Peter, Of a truth thou art one of them, for thou art a Galilaean : but he began to curse and to swear, I know not this man of whom ye speak. And straightway the second time the cock crew : and Peter called to mind the word, how that Jesus said unto him. Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny Me thrice. And when he thought thereon he wept. And straightway in the morning the chief priests with the elders and scribes and the whole Sanhedrin held a consultation and bound Jesus and carried Him away and delivered Him up to Pilate. And Pilate asked Him, Art thou the King of the Jews ? And He answering saith unto him, Thou sayest. And the chief priests accused Him of many things. And Pilate again asked Him, say- ing, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they accuse Thee of. But Jesus no more answered any- thing, insomuch that Pilate marvelled. Now at the feast he used to release unto them one prisoner whom they asked of him. And there was one called Barabbas, lying bound with them that had made insurrection, men who in the insurrection had committed murder. And the multi- 48 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark ^ -f 15.8 tude went up and began to ask him to do as he was wont to do unto them. And Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews ? For he perceived that for envy the chief priests had de- livered Him up. But the chief priests stirred up the multitude that he should rather release Barabbas unto them. And Pilate again answered and said unto them. What then shall I do unto Him whom ye call the King of the Jews ? And they cried out again. Crucify Him ? And Pilate said unto them. Why, what evil hath He done ? But they cried out exceedingly, Crucify Him. And Pilate, wishing to content the multitude, released unto them Barabbas, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged Him, to be crucified. And the soldiers led Him away within the court, which is the Praetorium, and they call together the whole cohort. And they clothe Him with purple, and plaiting a crown of thorns, they put it on Him ; and they began to salute Him, Hail, King of the Jews ! And they smote His head with a reed, and did spit upon Him, and bowing their knees worshipped Him. And when they had mocked Him, they took off from Him the purple and put on Him His garments. And they lead Him out to crucify Him. And they impress one passing by, Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, the father of Alexan- der and Rufus, to go with them, that he might bear His cross. And they bring Him unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted. The place of a skull. And they offered Him wine mingled with myrrh : but He re- ceived it not. And they crucify Him, and part His gar- ments a??wng t/iem, casting lots upon tJie7n what each should take. And it was the third hour and they crucified Him. And the superscription of His accusation was written MARK HIS SUFFERING, DEATH, AND BURIAL. 49 15. 26 over, THE KING OF THE JEWS. And with Him they crucify two robbers, one on His right hand and one on His left. And they that passed by railed on Him, wagging their heads and saying, Ha ! Thou that destroy est the temple and buildest it in three days, save thyself and come down from the cross. In like manner also the chief priests mocking Him among themselves with the scribes said, He saved others, himself he cannot save : let the Christ, the King of Israel, now come down from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with Him reproached Him. And when the sixth hour was come there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour. And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, Eloi Eloi iama sahach- thani ? which is, being interpreted, My God^ My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me ? And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, He calleth for Elijah. And one ran and filling a sponge full of vinegar put it on a reed, and gave Jlim to drink, saying, Let be, let us see whether Elijah cometh to take Him down. And Jesus uttered a loud voice and breathed out His life. And the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom. And when the centurion who stood by over against Him saw that He so breathed out His life, he said, Truly this man was a Son of God. And there were also women beholding from afar, among whom were both Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome ; who when He was in Galilee followed Him and ministered unto Him ; and many other women who came up with Him unto Jerusalem. And when even was now come, because it was the Preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath, there came Joseph of Arimathaea, a councillor of honorable 50 JESUS THE SON OF GOD. mark 15.43 estate, who also himself was looking for the kingdom of God, and he boldly went in unto Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. And Pilate marvelled if He were already dead, and calling unto him the centurion he asked him whether He were already dead : and when he learned it of the centurion, he granted the corpse to Joseph. And he bought a linen cloth, and taking Him down, wound Him in the linen cloth and laid Him in a tomb which had been hewn out of a rock, and he rolled a stone against the door of the tomb. And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where He was laid. THE RESURRECTION. 16. I-20. And when the sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, bought spices that they might come and anoint Him. And very early on the first day of the week they come to the tomb when the sun was risen. And they were saying among themselves, Who shall roll us away the stone from the door of the tomb ? and looking up they see that the stone is rolled back, for it was exceeding great. And entering into the tomb they saw a young man sitting on the right side, arrayed in a white robe ; and they were amazed. And he saith unto them. Be not amazed : ye seek Jesus the Nazarene, the Crucified : He is risen. He is not here : behold, the place where they laid Him ! But go, tell His disciples and Peter, He goeth before you into Galilee : there shall ye see Him, as He said unto you. And they went out and fled from the tomb ; for trembling and as- tonishment had hold upon them : and they said nothing to any one ; for they were afraid : Now when He was risen early on the first day of the week He appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom MARK ffjS RESURRECTION. ci i6. lo -' He had cast out seven demons. She went and told them that had been with Him, as they mourned and wept : and they when they heard that He is alive and had been seen by her disbelieved. And after these things He was man- ifested in another form unto two of them as they walked, on their way into the country : and they went away and told it unto the rest : neither believed they them. And afterward He was manifested unto the eleven themselves as they sat at meat ; and He upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart because they believed not them that had seen Him after He was risen. And He said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to the whole creation. He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved, but he that disbelieveth shall be condemned. And these signs shall follow them that believe : in My Name shall they cast out demons, they shall speak with tongues, and in their hands they shall take up serpents, and if they drink any deadly thing it shall in no wise hurt them ; they shall lay hands on the sick and they shall recover. So then the Lord Jesus, after He had spoken unto them, was received up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. And they went forth and preached everywhere, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word by the signs that followed. [The two oldest Greek manuscripts, and some other authorities, omit the last paragraph, from verse 9 to the end. Some other authori- ties have a different ending to the Gospel as follows : And they shewed forth in a few words to Peter and them that were with him all the things that had been commanded. And after these things Jesus Himself also sent forth by them from the east even unto the west the holy and incorruptible message of eternal salvation.] ACCORDING TO MATTHEW. [Matthew, one of the Twelve Apostles, was a member of the despised class of " publicans " when called to be a disciple (Matt, ix., 9). He is usually identified with Levi of Markii., 14, and Luke v., 27. In the three lists of the Apostles given in the Gospels he is associated with Thomas as one of the fourth pair of disciples ; in his own Gospel his name follows, in the others it precedes, that of Thomas (Matt, x., 3 ; Mark iii., 18 ; Luke vi., 15). In the list in Acts i., 13, he is paired with Bartholomew, who is commonly thought to be identical with Na- thanael, the " Israelite in whom is no guile " (John i., 47) ]. The book of the generation of Jesus Christ the Son of David the Son of Abraham. THE ROYAL GENEALOGY OF THE MESSIAH. I. 2-1 7. Abraham begat Isaac, and Isaac begat Jacob, and Jacob begat Judah and his brethren, and Judah begat Perez and Zerah of Tamar, and Perez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram, and Ram begat Amminadab, and Amminadab begat Nahshon, and Nahshon begat Salmon, and Salmon begat Boaz of Rahab, and Boaz begat Obed of Ruth, and Obed begat Jesse, and Jesse begat David the king. And David begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Uriah, and Solomon begat Rehoboam, and Reho- boam begat Abijah, and Abijah begat Asa, and Asa begat Jehoshaphat, and Jehoshaphat begat Joram, and Joram begat Uzziah, and Uzziah begat Jotham, and Jotham be- gat Ahaz, and Ahaz begat Hezekiah, and Hezekiah begat 52 MATTHEW THE MESSIAH-CHILD. C^ I. lo ^^ Manasseh, and Manasseh begat Amon, and Amon begat Josiah, and Josiah begat Jechoniah and his brethren at the time of the carrying away to Babylon. And after the carrying away to Babylon Jechoniah begat Shealtiel, and Shealtiel begat Zerubbabel, and Zerubbabel begat Abiud, and Abiud begat Eliakim, and Eliakim begat Azor, and Azor begat Sadoc, and Sadoc begat Achim, and Achim begat Eliud, and Eliud begat Eleazar, and Eleazar begat Matthan, and Matthan begat Jacob, and Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus who is called Christ. So all the generations from Abraham unto David are fourteen generations, and from David unto the carrying away to Babylon fourteen generations, and from the carrying away to Babylon unto the Christ fourteen generations. THE MESSIAH-CHILD. His Birth — Homage to the New-Born King by Gentile Magi from Afar — The King of Israel Seeks to Take His Life. Flight into Egypt. Return and Settlement at Nazareth in Galilee of the Gen- tiles. I. 18-2. 23. Now THE Birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise. When His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child by the Holy Spirit. And Joseph her husband, being a, righteous man and not willing to make her a public ex- ample, was minded to put her away privily. But when he thought on these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife, for that which is begotten in her is by the Holy Spirit : and ury their own dead. And when He was entered into a boat His disciples followed Him. And behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the boat was covered with the waves : but He was asleep. And they came to Him and awoke Him, saying. Save, Lord, we perish. And He saith unto them, Why are ye cowardly, O ye of little faith ? Then He arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a great calm. And the men marvelled, saying, What manner of man is this that even the winds and the sea obey Him ? And when He was come to the other side into the country of the Gadarenes there met Him two demoniacs coming forth out of the tombs, exceeding fierce so that no man could pass by that way. And behold, they cried out, saying, W^hat wilt Thou have of us. Thou Son of God ? art Thou come hither to tor- ment us before the time ? Now there was afar off from them a herd of many swine feeding. And the demons besought Him, saying. If Thou cast us out, send us away into the herd of swine. And He said unto them. Go. And they came out and went into the swine : and behold, the whole herd rushed down the steep into the sea, and perished in the waters. And they that fed them fled, and went away into the city and told every thing and what was befallen to them that were demoniacs. And behold, all the city came out to meet Jesus, and when they saw Him they besought Him that He would depart from their borders. And He entered into a boat, and crossed over, and came into His own city. And behold, they brought to Him a man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed. And Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the ])alsy, Son, be of good cheer ; thy sins are 70 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew 9. 3 forgiven. And behold, certain of the scribes said within themselves, This man blasphemeth. And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts ? For whether is easier, to say, Thy sins are forgiven, or to say, Arise and walk ? But that ye may know that the Son of Man hath authority on earth to forgive sins — then saith He to the sick of the palsy, Arise and take up thy bed and go unto thy house. And he arose and departed to his house. But when the multitudes saw it they were afraid and glorified God Who had given such authority unto men. And as Jesus passed by from thence He saw a man, called Matthew, sitting at the place of toll, and He saith unto him, Follow Me : and he arose and followed Him. And it came to pass as He sat at meat in the house, behold, many tax-collectors and sinners came and sat down with Jesus and His disciples. And when the Pharisees saw it they said unto His disciples, Why eateth your Master with the tax-collectors and sinners? But when He heard it He said, They that are strong have no need of a physician, but they that are sick. But go ye and learn what this meaneth, / desire mercy and not sacrifice: for I came not to call the "righteous," but sinners. Then come to Him the disciples of John, saying, Why do we and the Pharisees fast, but Thy disciples fast not ? And Jesus said unto them, Can the sons of the bride-chamber mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them ? but the days will come when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, and then will they fast. And no man putteth a patch of undressed cloth upon an old garment ; for that which should fill it up teareth away from the garment, and a worse rent is made. Neither do men put new wine into old wine- MATTHEW THE GALILEAN SPRING-TIME. 'J I 9. 17 skins : else the skins burst, and the wine is spilled and the skins perish : but they put new wine into fresh wine-skins, and both are preserved. While He spake these things unto them, behold, there came one, a ruler, and worshipped Him, saying, My daughter is this moment dead : but come and lay Thy hand upon her, and she shall live. And Jesus arose and followed him and so did His disciples. And behold, a woman, who had an issue of blood twelve years, came behind Him and touched the border of His garment : for she said within herself, If I do but touch His garment, I shall be saved. But Jesus turning and seeing her said, Daughter, be of good cheer ; thy faith hath saved thee. And the woman was saved from that hour. And when Jesus came into the ruler's house and saw the flute- players and the crowd wailing, He said, Give place, for the damsel is not dead, but sleepeth : and they laughed Him to scorn. But when the crowd was put forth. He entered in and took her by the hand ; and the damsel arose. And the fame hereof went forth into all that land. And as Jesus passed by from thence two blind men followed, crying out and saying. Have mercy on us. Thou Son of David. And when He was come into the house the blind men came to Him, and Jesus saith unto them. Believe ye that I am able to do this ? They say unto Him, Yea, Lord. Then touched He their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it done unto you. And their eyes were opened. And Jesus sternly charged them, saying, See that no man know it : but they went forth and spread abroad His fame in all that land. And as they went forth, behold, there was brought to Him a dumb man possessed with a demon : and when the demon was cast out the dumb 72 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew 9- 33 man spake. And the multitudes marvelled, saying, It was never so seen in Israel. But the Pharisees said, By the prince of the demons casteth He out demons. FIRST MAIN DIVISION. THE MESSIAH IN GALILEE. • PART 2. THE GALILEAN STORMS. THE KINGDOM OP THE MESSIAH IN CONFLICT AND COMING. He Calls the Twelve to Teach and Work with Him in Israel. His Missionary Address— John Baptist's Messiah-Question. Even the Forerunner Wavers. The Waywardness of the People Rebuked — Two Conflicts with the Pharisees : The Sabbath and Works of Necessity, the Sabbath and Works of Mercy. Their Deadly En- mity ; Messiah's Meekness— Two Further Conflicts : Blasphemed as Assisted by the Prince of Demons ; a Sign Demanded — The True Messiah-Family. 9. 35-12. 50. And Jesus went about all the cities and the villages, teaching in their synagogues and preaching the gospel of the kingdom and healing all manner of disease and all manner of sickness. But when He saw the multi- tudes He was moved with compassion for them because they were exhausted and prostrate as sheep not having a shepherd. Then saith He unto His disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the laborers are few : pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest that He thrust forth laborers into His harvest. And He called unto Him His twelve disciples and gave them authority over unclean spirits to cast them out and to heal all manner of disease and all manner of sickness. Now the names of the twelve apostles are these : The first, MATTHEW THE GALILEAN STORMS. 73 10. 2 Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, and James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother ; Philip, and Bartholomew ; Thomas, and Matthew the tax-col- lector ; James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddasus ; Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot who also betrayed Him. These twelve Jesus sent forth, and charged them, saying, Go not into any way of the Gentiles, and enter not into any city of the Samaritans : but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. And as ye go, preach, say- ing, The kingdom of heaven is at hand. Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out demons : freely ye received, freely give. Get you no gold nor sil- ver nor brass in your girdles, no wallet for your journey neither two coats nor shoes nor staff : for the laborer is worthy of his food. And into whatsoever city or village ye shall enter, search out who in it is worthy ; and there abide till ye go forth. And as ye enter into the house, salute it : and if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it : but if it be not worthy, let your peace re- turn upon you. And whosoever shall not receive you nor hear your words, as ye go forth out of that house or that city shake off the dust of your feet. Verily I say unto you, it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than for that city. Behold, it is I who send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves : be ye therefore wise as serpents and harmless as doves. But beware of men : for they will deliver you up to councils, and in their synagogues they will scourge you ; yea and before governors and kings shall ye be brought for My sake for a testimony to them and to the Gentiles. But when they deliver you up, be not anxious how or what ye shall speak : for it shall be given you in that hour what ye shall speak ; for it 74 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew 10. 20 is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father that speaketh in you. And brother shall deliver up brother to death and the father his child, and children shall rise up against parents and cause them to be put to death. And ye shall be hated by all men for My name's sake : but he that endureth to the end the same shall be saved. But when they persecute you in this city, flee into the next : for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone through the cities of Israel till the Son of Man be come. A disciple is not above his master nor a servant above his lord. It is enough for the disciple that he be as his master, and the servant as his lord : if they have called the Master of the house Beelzebub, how much more them of His household ! Fear them not therefore : for there is nothing covered that shall not be revealed, and hid that shall not be known. What I tell you in the darkness, speak ye in the light : and what ye hear in the ear, pro- claim upon the housetops. And be not afraid of them who kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul : but rather fear him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. Are not two sparrows sold for a penny ? and not one of them shall fall on the ground without your Father. But the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not therefore ; ye are of more value than many sparrows. Every one therefore who shall confess Me before men, him will I also confess before My Father who is in heaven : but whosoever shall deny Me before men, him will I also deny before My Father who is in heaven. Think not that I came to sow peace on the earth : I came not to sow peace, but a sword. For I came to set a man at variufice against his father and the daughter against her mother and the daughter in law against her mother in law^ and a man^s foes shall be they of his own household. He MATTHEW THE GALILEAN STORMS, hi 10. 37 that loveth father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me : and he that loveth son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me : and he that doth not take his cross and follow after Me, is not worthy of Me. He that found his life shall lose it, and he that lost his life for My sake shall find it. He that receiveth you re- ceiveth Me, and he that receiveth Me receiveth Him that sent Me. He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet's reward, and he that re- ceiveth a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man's reward. And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only, in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward. And it came to pass when Jesus had made an end of commanding His twelve disciples, He departed thence to teach and preach in their cities. Now when John heard in the prison the works of the Christ he sent by his disciples and said unto Him, Art Thou He that cometh or look we for another? And Jesus answered and said unto them, Go your way and tell John the things which ye do hear and see : the blind receive their sight and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear, and the dead are raised up and the poor have good tidi?igs preached to them : and blessed is he whosoever shall find none occasion of stumbling in Me. And as these went their way Jesus be- gan to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to behold ? a reed shaken with the wind ? But what went ye out for to see ? a man clothed in soft raiment ? Behold, they that wear soft raiment are in king's houses. But wherefore went ye 76 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew ' II. 9 out ? to see a prophet ? Yea, I say unto you, and much more than a prophet. This is he of whom it is written, Behold y I send My messenger before Thy face, Who shall prepare Thy way before Thee. Verily I say unto you. Among them that are born of women there hath not arisen a greater than John the Baptist : yet he that is less than John in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven is carried by storm, and they who take it by storm clutch it as a prize for themselves. For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John : and if ye are willing to receive it, this is Elijah who is to come. He that hath ears, let him hear. But whereunto shall I liken this generation ? It is like unto children sitting in the market-places, who call unto another set of children and say. We piped unto you and ye did not dance, We wailed and ye did not mourn. For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a demon : the Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold, a gluttonous man and a wine-bibber, a friend of tax-collectors and sinners ! And wisdom hath been shewn to be righteous by her works. Then began He to upbraid the cities wherein most of His mighty works were done, because they repented not : Woe unto thee, Chorazin ! woe unto thee, Bethsaida ! for if the mighty works had been done in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. Howbeit I say unto you, it shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than for you. And thou, Capernaum, shall thou be exalted unto heaven ? thou shalt go down unto Hades. For if the mighty works had been MATTHEW THE GALILEAN STORMS. 77 II. 23 done in Sodom which were done in thee, it would have remained until this day. Howbeit I say unto you, that it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for thee. At that season Jesus answered and said, I thank Thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that Thou didst hide these things from the wise and understanding, and didst reveal them unto babes : yea. Father, for so it was well-pleasing in Thy sight. All things have been delivered unto Me by My Father, and no one fully knoweth the Son save the Father, neither doth any fully know the Father save the Son and he to whomsoever the Son willeth to reveal Him. Come unto Me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will refresh you. Take my yoke upon you and learn of Me, for I am meek and lowly in heart, and ye shall find refreshing rest for your souls : for My yoke is easy, and My burden is light. At that season Jesus went on the sabbath day through the fields of standing grain : and His disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck ears of grain and to eat. But the Pharisees when they saw it said unto Him, Be- hold, Thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath. But He said unto them, Have ye not read what David did when he was an hungred and they that were with him ; how he entered into the house of God and they did eat the shewbread^ which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them that were with him, but only for the priests ? Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath day the priests in the temple profane the sabbath and are guiltless ? But I say unto you, that one greater than the temple is here. But if ye had known what this meaneth, / desire mercy and 78 JSRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew 12. 7 not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless. For the Son of Man is lord of the sabbath. And He departed thence and went into their synagogue : and behold, a man having a withered hand. And they asked Him, saying. Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath day ? that they might accuse Him. And He said unto them, What man shall there be of you, that shall have one sheep, and if this fall into a pit on the sabbath day, will he not lay hold on it and lift it out ? How much then is a man of more value than a sheep ! Wherefore it is lawful to do good on the sabbath day. Then saith He to the man, Stretch forth thy hand : and he stretched it forth, and it was restored whole as the other. But the Pharisees went out and took counsel against Him how they might destroy Him. And Jesus perceiving it withdrew from thence. And many followed Him, and He healed them all, and charged them that they should not make Him known : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying, Behold, My servant whom I have chosen, My beloved in whom My soul is well pleased : I will put My spirit upon Him, And He shall declare judgment to the Gentiles. He shall not strive nor cry aloud, Neither shall any one hear His voice in the streets. A bruised reed shall He not break And smoking flax shall He not que?ich, Until He send forth the Just cause unto victory. And in His name shall the Gentiles hope. Then they brought unto Him a demoniac blind and dumb : and He healed him, insomuch that the dumb man spake and saw. And all the multitudes were amazed and said, Can this be the Son of David ? But MATTHEW THE GALILEAN STORMS. JQ 12. 24 '^ when the Pharisees heard it they said, This man doth not cast out demons but by Beelzebub the prince of the demons. And knowing their thoughts He said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand. And if Satan casteth out Satar, he is divided against himself ; how then shall his king- dom stand ? And if I by Beelzebub cast out demons, by whom do your sons cast them out ? therefore shall they be your judges. But if I by the Spirit of God cast out demons, then is the kingdom of God come upon you. Or how can one enter into the house of the strong man and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man ? and then he will spoil his house. He that is not with Me is against Me, and he that gathereth not with Me scattereth. Therefore I say unto you. Every sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit shall not be forgiven. And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven him : but whosoever shall speak against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world nor in that which is to come. Either make the tree good and its fruit good ; or make the tree bad and its fruit bad : for the tree is known by its fruit. Ye offspring of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things ? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh. The good man out of his good treasure bringeth forth good things, and the evil man out of his evil treasure bringeth forth evil things. And I say unto you, that every good for nothing word that men shall speak, they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment : for by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned. 8o ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. matthew 12. 38 Then certain of the scribes and Pharisees answered Him, saying, Master, we would see a sign from Thee. But He answered and said unto them, An evil and adul- terous generation seeketh after a sign, and there shall no sign be given to it but the sign of Jonah the prophet. For as 'yo7iah was three days afid three nights in the belly of the sea-7?ionster, so shall the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. The men of Nineveh shall stand up in the judgment with this gen- eration and shall condemn it : for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and behold, a greater than Jonah is here. The queen of the south shall rise up in the judg- ment with this generation and shall condemn it : for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, a greater than Solomon is here. But the unclean spirit, when he is gone out of the man, passeth through waterless places, seeking rest, and findeth it not. Then he saith, I will return into my house whence I came out : and when he is come he findeth it empty, swept and garnished. Then goeth he and taketh with himself seven other spirits more evil than himself, and they enter in and dwell there : and the last state of that man becometh worse than the first. Even so shall it be also unto this evil generation. While He was yet speaking to the multitudes, behold, His mother and His brothers stood without, seeking to speak to Him. But He answered and said unto him that told Him, Who is My mother ? and who are My brothers ? And He stretched forth His hand towards His disciples and said. Behold, My mother and My brothers ! For whosoever shall do the will of My Father who is in heaven, he is My brother and sister and mother, THE HOSTILITY DEEPENING. 51 FIRST MAIN DIVISION. THE MESSIAH IN GALILEE. PART 3. THE HOSTILITY DEEPENING AGAINST HIM. HIS TEACHING VEILED IN PARABLES. Seven Parables of the Kingdom — The Despised Messiah Rejected at Nazareth — Suspected by the Murderer of John Baptist, He Withdraws Himself : Mighty Works during the Journey of Flight. 13. 1-14. 36. On that day went Jesus out of the house and sat by the seaside : and there were gathered unto Him great multitudes, so that He entered into a boat, and sat, and all the multitude stood on the beach. And He spake to them many things in parables, saying. Behold, the Sower went forth to sow. And as he sowed, some seeds fell by the wayside, and the birds came and devoured them. And others fell upon the rocky places where they had not much earth, and straightway they sprang up because they had no deepness of earth, and when the sun was risen they were scorched, and because they had no root they withered away. And others fell upon the thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked them. And others fell upon the good ground and yielded fruit, some a hundred-fold, some sixty, some thirty. He that hath ears, let him hear. And the disciples came and said unto Him, Why speakest Thou unto them in para- bles ? And He answered and said unto them. Unto you it is given to know the secret counsels of the king- dom of heaven, but to them it is not given. For whoso- ever hath, to him shall be given and he shall have abundance : but whosoever hath not, from him shall be 82 ISRAELS MESSIAH^KING. matthew 13. 12 taken away even that which he hath. Therefore speak I to them in parables because seeing they see not and hearing they hear not neither do they understand : and unto them is completely fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, which saith, By hearing ye shall hear and shall in no wise understand^ And seei7igye shall see and shall in no wise perceive. For this people' s heart is waxed gross, And their ears are dull of hearing, And their eyes they have closed : Lest haply they should perceive with their eyes And hear with their ears And understand with their heart and turn again, And I should heal them. But blessed are your eyes, for they see ; and your ears, for they hear. For verily I say unto you, that many prophets and righteous men desired to see the things which ye see and saw them not, and to hear the things which ye hear and heard them not. Hear then ye the parable of the sower. When any one heareth the word of the kingdom and taketh it not in, then cometh the evil one and snatcheth away that which hath been sown in his heart : this is he that was sown by the way- side. And he that was sown upon the rocky places, this is he that heareth the word and straightway with joy receiveth it ; yet hath he not root in himself, but endur- eth for a while ; and when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, straightway he stum- bleth. And he that was sown among the thorns, this is he that heareth the word, and the care of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becometh unfruitful. And he that was sown upon the good ground, this is he that heareth the word MATTHEW YjjE HOSTILITY DEEPENING. 83 13. 23 and taketh it in ; who verily beareth fruit and bringeth forth, some a hundred-fold, some sixty, some thirty. Another parable set He before them, saying. The kingdom of heaven is likened unto a man that sowed good seed in his field. But while men slept his enemy came and over-sowed tares also among the wheat and went away. But when th^. blade sprang up and brought forth fruit, then appeared the tares also. And the ser- vants of the householder came and said unto him, Sir, didst thou not sow good seed in thy field ? whence then hath it tares ? And he said unto them. An enemy hath done this. And the servants say unto him, Wilt thou then that we go and gather them up ? But he saith. Nay, lest haply while ye gather up the tares ye root up the wheat with them : let both grow together until the harvest : and in the time of the harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather up first the tares and bind them in bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my barn. Another parable set He before them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is like unto a grain of mus- tard seed which a man took, and sowed in his field : which indeed is less than all seeds, but when it is grown it is greater than the herbs and becometh a tree, so that the birds of the heaven come and lodge in the branches thereof. Another parable spake He unto them : The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal till it was all leavened. All these things spake Jesus in parables unto the multitudes, and without a parable spake He nothing unto them : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, / will open my mouth in parables, I will utter things hidden from the foundation. 84 ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. Matthew 13- 36 Then He left the multitudes and went into the house. And His disciples came unto Him, saying, Explain unto us the parable of the tares of the field. And He answered and said, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of Man ; and the field is the world ; and the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom ; and the tares are the sons of the evil one, and the enemy that sowed them is the devil : and the harvest is the consummation of the age, and the reapers are angels. As therefore the tares are gathered up and burned with fire, so shall it be in the consummation of the age : the Son of Man shall send forth His angels, and they shall gather out of His king- dom all things that cause stumbling and them that do iniquity^ and shall cast them into the furnace of fire : there shall be the weeping and gnashing of teeth. Then shall the righteous shijie forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He that hath ears, let him hear. The king- dom of heaven is like unto a treasure hidden in the field, which a man found and hid, and in his joy he goeth and selleth whatsoever he hath and buyeth that field. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant seeking goodly pearls : and having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had and bought i;. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a net that was cast into the sea and gathered of every kind: which,. when it was filled, they drew up on the beach, and they sat down and gathered the good into vessels, but the bad they cast away. So shall it be in the consummation of the age : the angels shall come forth and sever the wicked from among the righteous and shall cast them into the furnace of fire : there shall be the weeping and gnashing of teeth. Have ye under- stood all these things ? They say unto Him, Yea. And MATTHEW j^ffE HOSTILITY DEEPENING. 8$ 13- 52 He said unto them, Therefore every scribe who hath been made a disciple to the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is a householder, who bringeth forth out of his treasure things new and old. And it came to pass when Jesus had finished these parables, He departed thence. And coming into His own country He taught them in their synagogue, inso- much that they were astonished and said, Whence hath this man this wisdom and these mighty works ? Is not this the carpenter's son ? is not his mother called Mary, and his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas t And his sisters, are they not all with us ? Whence then hath this man all these things ? And they were offended in Him. But Jesus said unto them, A prophet is not without honor, save in his own country and in his own house. And He did not many mighty works there because of their unbelief. At that season Herod the tetrarch heard the report con- cerning Jesus, and said unto his servants. This is John the Baptist ; he is risen from the dead, and therefore do these powers work in him. For Herod had laid hold on John and bound him and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, for John said unto him, It is not lawful for thee to have her : and when he would have put him to death he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet. But when Herod's birthday came the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst and pleased Herod, whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatsoever she should ask. And she, being put forward by her mother, saith, Give me here in a charger the head of John the Baptist. And the king was grieved, but for the sake of his oaths and of S6 IS/? A EL'S MESSIAH.KING. matt hew 14. 9 them that sat at meat with him he commanded it to be given, and he sent and beheaded John in the prison : and his head was brought in a charger and given to the dam- sel, and she brought it to her mother. And his disciples came and took up the corpse and buried him, and they went and told Jesus. Now when Jesus heard it He withdrew from thence in a boat to a desert place apart : and when the multitudes heard thereof they fol- lowed Him on foot from the cities. And He came forth and saw a great multitude, and He had compassion on them and healed their sick. And when even was come the disciples came to Him, saying, The place is desert and the time is already past ; send the multitudes away, that they may go into the villages and buy themselves food. But Jesus said unto them. They have no need to go away ; give ye them to eat. And they say unto Him, We have here but five loaves and two fishes. And He said, Bring them hither to Me. And He commanded the multitudes to sit down on the grass, and He took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven He blessed and brake and gave the loaves to the dis- ciples and the disciples to the multitudes. And they did all eat and were filled, and they took up that which remained over of the broken pieces, twelve handbaskets full. And they that did eat were about five thousand men, beside women and children. And straightway He constrained the disciples to enter into a boat and to go before Him unto the other side, till He should send the multitudes away. And after He had sent the multitudes away he went up into the mountain apart to pray. And when even was come. He was there alone. But the boat was many furlongs distant from the land, distressed by the waves, for the wind was contrary. And in the fourth MATTHEW j^fjE HOSTILITY DEEPENING. 8/ 14. 25 watch of the night He came unto them, walking upon the sea. And when the disciples saw Him walking on the sea they were troubled, saying, It is an apparition ; and they cried out for fear. But straightway Jesus spake unto them, saying. Be of good cheer, it is I ; be not afraid. And Peter answered Him and said. Lord, if it be Thou, bid me come unto Thee upon the waters : and He said, Come. And Peter went down from the boat and walked upon the waters and came to Jesus. But when he saw the wind he was afraid, and beginning to sink he cried out, saying, Lord, save me. And immedi- ately Jesus stretched forth His hand and took hold of him and saith unto him, O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt ? And when they were gone up into the boat the wind ceased. And they that were in the boat worshipped Him, saying. Of a truth Thou art the Son of God. And when they had crossed over they came to the land, unto Gennesaret. And when the men of that place recognized Him, they sent into all that region round about and brought unto Him all that were sick, and they besought Him that they might only touch the border of His garment : and as many as touched were made whole. 88 ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. FIRST MAIN DIVISION. THE MESSIAH IN GALILEE. PART 4. CRISIS OF THE GALILEAN MINISTRY. Struggle with the Pharisees : God's Word and Man's Tradition as to the Clean and Unclean — He Withdraws to Gentile Districts and Cleanses a Gentile Child — ^Return to the Lake. Four Thousand Fed — He Refuses to Give a Sign from Heaven. Warns His Disci- ples against False Teaching — The Messiahship of Jesus, Confessed by Peter, and the Foundation of the Church. The Kingdom of God not to be Established in the Nation at Large, Which Fails to Recognize its King. 15. 1-16. 20. Then there come to Jesus from Jerusalem Pharisees and scribes, saying, Why do Thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders ? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread. And He answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition ? For God said. Honor thy father and thy mother, and He that speaketh evil of father or mother, ht him die the death : but ye say, Who- soever shall say to his father or his mother, That where- with thou mightest have been profited by me is given to God, he shall not honor his father : and ye have made void the word of God because of your tradition. Ye hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying, This people honoreth Me with their lips ; But their heart is far from Me : But in vain do they worship Me, Teachi7ig doctrines that are the precepts of men. And He called to Him the multitude and said unto them, Hear and understand : Not that which entereth MATTHEW CRISIS OF THE GALILEAN MINISTRY. 8q 15- II into the mouth defileth the man, but that which proceed- eth out of the mouth, this defileth the man. Then came the disciples and said unto Him, Knowest Thou that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this saying ? But He answered and said, Every plant which My heavenly Father planted not shall be rooted up. Let them alone : they are blind guides : and if the blind guide the blind, both shall fall into a pit. And Peter answered and said unto Him, Declare unto us the parable. And He said. Are ye also even yet without understanding ? Perceive ye not, that what- soever goeth into the mouth passeth into the belly and is cast out into the draught ? But the things which proceed out of the mouth come forth out of the heart ; and they defile the man. For out of the heart come forth evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, railings. These are the things which defile the man ; but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not the man. And Jesus went out thence and withdrew into the parts of Tyre and Sidon. And behold, a Canaanitish woman came out from those borders and cried, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, Thou Son of David ; my daughter is grievously vexed with a demon. But He answered her not a word. And His disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away, for she crieth after us. But He answered and said, I was not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel. But she came and worshipped Him, saying, Lord, help me. And He answered and said. It is not meet to take the children's bread and cast it to the dogs. But she said. Yea, Lord, for even the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters* tables. Then Jesus answered and said unto her, 90 ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. matthew 15. 28 O woman, great is thy faith : be it done unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was healed from that hour. And Jesus departed thence and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee, and He went up into the mountain and sat there. And there came unto Him great multitudes, having with them the lame, maimed, blind, dumb, and many others, and they cast them down at His feet, and He healed them : insomuch that the multitude wondered when they saw the dumb speaking and the lame walking and the blind seeing : and they glorified the God of Israel. And Jesus called unto Him His disciples and said, I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with Me now three days and have nothing to eat : and I would not send them away fasting, lest haply they faint in the way. And the disciples say unto Him, Whence should we have so many loaves in a desert place as to fill so great a multitude ? And Jesus saith unto them. How many loaves have ye ? And they said, Seven, and a few small fishes. And He commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground and took the seven loaves and the fishes and gave thanks and brake and gave to the disciples, and the disciples to the multi- tudes. And they did all eat and were filled, and they took up that which remained over of the broken pieces, se^i^n hampers full. And they that did eat were four thousand men, beside women and children. And He sent away the multitudes and entered into the boat, and came into the borders of Magadan. And the Pharisees and Sadducees came and making trial of Him asked Him to shew them a sign from heaven. But He answered and said unto them, [When it is even- ing ye say, It will be fair weather, for the heaven is red : and in the morning, It will be foul weather to-day, for MATTHEW CRISIS OF THE GALILEAN MINISTRY. QI i6. 3 the heaven is red and lowring. Ye know how to discern the face of the heaven, but ye cannot discern the signs of the times.]* An evil and adulterous generation seek- eth after a sign, and there shall no sign be given unto it but the sign of Jonah. And He left them and de- parted. And the disciples came to the other side and forgot to take bread. And Jesus said unto them, Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees. And they reasoned among themselves, saying, We took no bread. And Jesus perceiving it said, O ye of little faith, why reason ye among yourselves, be- cause ye have no bread ? Do ye not yet perceive, neither remember the five loaves of the five thousand and how many handbaskets ye took up ? Neither the seven loaves of the four thousand and how many hampers ye took up ? How is it that ye do not perceive that I spake not to you concerning bread ? But beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees. Then understood they how that He bade them not beware of the leaven of bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees. Now when Jesus came into the parts of Csesarea Philippi He asked His disciples, saying. Who do men say that the Son of Man is ? And they said, Some say, John the Baptist ; some, Elijah ; and others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets. He saith unto them. But you, who say ye that I am ? And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ the Son of the living God. And Jesus answered and said unto him. Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but My Father who is in heaven : and I also say unto thee, that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church ; and the gates of Hades shall not pre- * An interpolation, probably " Western " in origin. 02 ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. matthew ^ i6. i8 vail against it : I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. Then charged He the disciples that they should tell no man that He was the Christ. SECOND MAIN DIVISION. THE MESSIAH ON THE PATH OF DEATH. l6. 2I-27. 66. PART I. HIS FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT OF HIS SUFFERING, DEATH, AND RESUR- RECTION. Peter's Protest. True Fellowship with Him in His Sacrifice — The Glory of the Transfiguration — The Son of Man Suffers with and Delivers Men. Helplessness of the Disciples Left to Themselves. 16. 21-17. 20. From that time began Jesus Christ to shew unto His disciples how that He must go unto Jerusalem and suffer many things by the elders and chief priests and scribes and be killed and the third day be raised up. And Peter took Him and began to rebuke Him, saying. Be it far from Thee, Lord : this shall never be unto Thee. But He turned away and said unto Petei, Get thee behind Me, Satan : thou art a stumbling-block unto Me, for thou art taking not the part of God but of men. Then said Jesus unto His disciples, If any man would come after Me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow Me. For whosoever would save his life shall lose it : and whosoever shall lose his life for Mf sake shall find it. For what shall a man be profited if he shall gain the whole world and forfeit his MATTHEW Qj^ -pfj^ PATH OF DEATH. 93 i6. 26 life ? or what shall a man give in exchange for his life ? For the Son of Man is yet to come in the glory of His Father with His angels, and then shall lie render unto every man according to his deeds. Verily I say unto you, There are some of them that stand here who shall in no wise taste of death till they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom. And after six days Jesus taketh with Him Peter and James and John his brother, and bringeth them up into a high mountain apart. And He was transfigured before them, and His face did shine as the sun, and His gar- ments became white as the light. And behold, there appeared unto them Moses and Elijah talking with Him. And Peter answered and said unto Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here : if Thou wilt, I will make here three booths, one for Thee and one for Moses and one for Elijah. While he was yet speaking, behold, a bright cloud surrounded them with light, and behold, a voice out of the cloud, saying, This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased ; hear ye Him. And when the disciples heard it they fell on their face and were sore afraid. And Jesus came and touched them and said, Arise and be not afraid. And lifting up their eyes they saw no one, save Jesus Himself only. And as they were coming down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them, saying. Tell the vision to no man until the Son of Man be risen from the dead. And His disciples asked Him, saying. Why then say the scribes that Elijah must first come ? And He answered and said, Elijah indeed Cometh dLnd shall restore dA\ things : but I say unto you, that Elijah is come already, and they knew him not, but did unto him whatsoever they listed : even so shall the Son of Man also suffer by them. Then understood the (Jisciples that He spake unto them of John the Baptist, 94 ISRAELS MESSIAH-KING. Matthew 17. 14 And when they were come to the multitude there came to Him a man kneeling to Him and saying, Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is epileptic and is ill, for oft- times he falleth into the fire and oft-times into the water : and I brought him to Thy disciples, and they could not cure him. And Jesus answered and said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you ? how long shall I bear with you ? bring him hither to Me. And Jesus rebuked him, and the demon went out from him : and the boy was cured from that hour. Then came the disciples to Jesus apart, and said. Why could not we cast it out ? And He saith unto them. Because of your little faith : for verily I say unto you, If ye have faith as a grain of mustard seed, ye shall say unto this mountain, Remove hence to yonder place, and it shall remove, and nothing shall be impossible unto you. SECOND MAIN DIVISION. THE MESSIAH ON THE PATH OF DEATH. PART 2. HIS SECOND ANNOUNCEMENT OF HIS DEATH AND RESURRECTION. The Messiah's Humility : Temple-Tribute Paid — Greatness in the Kingdom : Humility Which is Careful not to Give Offence, Care- ful in Dealing with Offenders — The Messiah's Progress towards Jerusalem. Sacrifice for the Sake of the Kingdom. Marriage, Di- vorce, Celibacy, Blessedness of Little Children — Earthly Riches and Their Sacrifice : The Rich Young Man's Great Refusal ; The Poor Disciples' Sacrifice and Its Rewards : Parable of the First and Last Laborers and Their Wages. 17. 22-20. 16. And while they were gathering themselves together in Galilee Jesus said unto them, The Son of Man shall MATTHEW Q^ -pfjE PATH OF DEATH. Q< 17. 22 be delivered up into the hands of men ; and they shall kill Him, and the third day He shall be raised up. And they were exceeding sorry. And when they were come to Capernaum they that received the half-shekel came to Peter and said, Doth not your master pay the half-shekel ? He saith, Yea. And when he came into the house Jesus spake first to him, saying, What thinkest thou, Simon ? the kings of the earth, from whom do they receive toll or tribute ? from their sons or from strangers ? And when he said. From strangers, Jesus said unto him, Surely then the sons are free. But lest we cause them to stumble, go thou to the sea and cast a hook and take up the fish that first Cometh up, and when thou hast opened his mouth thou shalt find a shekel : that take and give unto them for Me and thee. In that hour came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who then is greatest in the kingdom of heaven ? And He called to Him a little child and set him in the midst of them and said, Verily I say unto you. Except ye turn and become as little children, ye shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven. Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is the great- est in the kingdom of heaven : and whoso shall receive one such little child in My name receiveth Me : but whoso shall cause one of these little ones who believe on Me to stumble, it is profitable for him that a great millstone should be hanged about his neck and that he should be sunk in the depth of the sea. Woe unto the world because of occasions of stumbling ! for it must needs be that the occasions come, but woe to that man through whom the occasion cometh ! And if thy hand or thy foot causeth thee to stumble, cut it off and 0 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. Matthew ^ i8. 8 cast it from thee : it is good for thee to enter into life maimed or halt, rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into the eternal fire. And if thine eye causeth thee to stumble, pluck it out and cast it from thee : it is good for thee to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the hell of fire. See that ye despise not one of these little ones, for I say unto you, that in heaven their angels do always behold the face of My Father who is in heaven. How think ye ? if any man have a hundred sheep and one of them be gone astray, doth he not leave the ninety and nine upon the mountains and go and seek that which goeth astray ? And if so be that he find it, verily 1 say unto you, he rejoiceth over it more than over the ninety and nine which have not gone astray. Even so it is not the will of My Father who is in heaven, that one of these little ones should perish. And if thy brother sin, go shew him his fault between thee and him alone. If he hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother : but if he hear thee not, take with thee one or two more, that at the mouth of two witnesses or three every word may be established : and if he refuse to hear them, tell it unto the church : and if he refuse to hear the church also, let him be unto thee as the Gentile and the tax-col- lector. Verily I say unto you. What things soever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven and what things soever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. Again verily I say unto you, that if two of you shall agree on earth as touching anything that they shall ask, it shall be done for them by My Father who is in heaven. For where two or three are gathered together in My name, there am I in the midst of them. MATTHEW ON THE PA TH OF DEA TH. 07 l8. 21 Then came Peter and said to Him, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me and I forgive him ? until seven times ? Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times ; but, Until seventy times seven. Therefore is the kingdom of heaven likened unto a certain king who would make a reckoning with his bond- servants : and when he had begun to reckon, one was brought unto him who owed him ten thousand talents \i.e.^ about twelve million dollars]. But forasmuch as he had not wherewith to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold and his wife and children and all that he had and payment to be made. The servant therefore fell down and worshipped him, saying. Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all. And the lord of that ser- vant being moved with compassion released him, and the debt forgave he him. But that servant went out and found one of his fellow-servants, who owed him a hun- dred pence [/>., about seventeen dollars], and he laid hold on him and took him by the throat, saying, If thou owest thou must pay. So his fellow-servant fell down and besought him, saying. Have patience with me, and I will pay thee. And he would not, but went and cast him into prison till he should pay that which was due. So when his fellow-servants saw what was done they were exceeding sorry, and came and told unto their lord all that was done. Then his lord called him unto him and saith to him. Thou wicked servant, I forgave thee all that debt, because thou besoughtest me : shouldest not thou also have had mercy on thy fellow-servant, even as I had mercy on thee ? And his lord was wroth and de- livered him to the tormentors till he should pay all that was due. So shall also My heavenly Father do unto you if ye forgive not every one his brother from your hearts. 9^ ISRAELS MESSIAH. KING. matthevv 19. I And it came to pass when Jesus had finished these words He departed from Galilee and came into the bor- ders of Judaea beyond Jordan. And great multitudes followed Him, and He healed them there. And there came unto Him Pharisees making trial of Him and saying, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause ? And He answered and said, Ha.ve ye not read, that He who created them from the begin- ning made them male and female and said, For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother and shall cleave to his wife^ and the twain shall become one flesh ? so that they are no more twain, but one flesh : what therefore God hath joineth together let not man put asunder. They say unto Him, Why then did Moses command to give a bill of divorcement^ and to put her away ? He saith unto them, Moses for your hardness of heart suffered you to put away your wives, but from the beginning it hath not been so. And I say unto you. Whosoever shall put away his wife except for fornication and shall marry another, commiteth adultery. The disciples say unto Him, If the case of the man is so with his wife, it is not expedient to marry. But He said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, but they to whom it is given. For there are eunuchs who were so born from their mother's womb, and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men, and there are eunuchs who made them- selves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it. Then were there brought unto Him little children, that He should lay His hands on them and pray : and the disciples rebuked them. But Jesus said, Suffer the little children, and forbid them not, to come unto Me, for to such belongeth the kingdom of heaven. And He laid His hands on them and departed thence. MATTHEW Q^ 'p^E PA TH OF DEA TH, 99 19. 16 And behold, one came to Him and said, Master, what good thing shall I do that I may have eternal life ? And He said unto him, Why dost thou ask Me concerning that which is good ? One there is who is good : but if thou wouldest enter into life, keep the commandments. He saith unto Him, Which? And Jesus said, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness. Honor thy father and thy mother, and Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. The young man saith unto Him, All these things have I observed : what lack I yet ? Jesus said unto him, If thou wouldest be perfect, go sell that thou hast and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven, and come follow Me. But when the young man heard this saying he went away sorrowful, for he was one that had great possessions. And Jesus said unto His disci- ples. Verily I say unto you. It is hard for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of heaven : and again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to enter through a needle's eye than a rich man into the kingdom of God. And when the disciples heard it they were astonished exceedingly, saying, Who then can be saved ? And Jesus looking upon them said to them, With men this is impossible, but with God all things are possible. Then answered Peter and said unto Him, Lo, we have left all and fol- lowed Thee ; what then shall we have ? And Jesus said unto them. Verily I say unto you, that ye who have fol- lowed Me, in the new birth of the creation when the Son of Man shall sit on the throne of His glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. And every one that hath left houses or brethren or sisters or father or mother or children or lands for My name's sake, shall receive manifold and shall inherit eternal life. But many shall be last that are first and lOO ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. MATTHEW 20. I first that are last. For the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that was a householder who went out early in the morning to hire laborers into his vineyard : and when he had agreed with the laborers for a shilling a day he sent them into his vineyard. And he went out about the third hour and saw others standing in the market-place idle : and to them he said, Go ye also into the vineyard, and whatsoever is right I will give you : and they went their way. And again he went out about the sixth and the ninth hour and did likewise. And about the eleventh hour he went out and found others standing, and saith unto them, Why stand ye here all the day idle ? They say unto him. Because no man hath hired us : he saith unto them, Go ye also into the vine- yard. And when even was come the lord of the vine- yard saith unto his steward. Call the laborers and pay them their hire, beginning from the last unto the first. And when they came that were hired about the eleventh hour, they received every man a shilling. And when the first came, they supposed that they would receive more ; and they likewise received every man a shilling. And when they received it they murmured against the house- holder, saying. These last have spent but one hour, and thou hast made them equal unto us who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat. But he answered and said to one of them, Friend, I do thee no wrong: didst not thou agree with me for a shilling? Take up that which is thine and go thy way ; but it is my will to give unto this last even as unto thee : is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own ? or art thou envious because I am liberal ? So the last shall be first and the first last. ON THE PATH OF DEATH. 10 1 SECOND MAIN DIVISION. Tl«E MESSIAH ON THE PATH OF DEATH. PART 3. HIS THIRD ANNOUNCEMENT OF HIS SUFFERING, CRUCIFIXION, AND RESURRECTION. Blind Petition of the Mother of James and John. No Cross, No Crown — Blind Beggars Receive Their Sight and Follow Him — The Royal Entry into Jerusalem — The Cleansing of God's House. Children's Praises — The Barren Fig-Tree Withered— His Assailants Repelled. His Tempters Silenced — The Kingdom of God Passing over from the Jews to the Gentiles — Seven Woes — Judgment of Jerusalem and the World — Duties of Watchfulness, Faithfulness, Wise Fore- thought, Diligence, Mercifulness. 20. 17-25. 46. And as Jesus was about to go up to Jerusalem He took the twelve disciples apart, and in the way He said unto them, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man shall be delivered unto the chief priests and scribes, and they shall condemn Him to death, and shall deliver Him unto the Gentiles to mock and to scourge and to crucify, and the third day He shall be raised up. Then came to Him the mother of the sons of Zebedee with her sons, worshipping Him and asking a certain thing of Him. And He said unto her, What wouldest thou ? She saith unto Him, Command that these my two sons may sit, one on Thy right hand and one on Thy left hand, in Thy kingdom. But Jesus answered and said, Ye know not what ye ask : are ye able to drink the cup that I am about to drink ? They say unto Him, We are able. He saith unto them, My cup indeed ye shall drink, but to sit on My right hand and on My left 102 ISRAELS MESSIAH. KING. matthew 20. 23 hand is not Mine to give, but it is for them for whom it hath been prepared by My Father. And when the ten heard it they were moved with indignation concerning the two brothers. But Jesus called them unto Him and said, Ye know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them and their great ones exercise authority over them. Not so shall it be among you : but whosoever would become great among you shall be your minister, and whosoever would be first among you shall be your bond- servant : even as the Son of Man came not to be min- istered unto, but to minister, and to give His life a ransom for many. And as they went out from Jericho a great multitude followed Him. And behold, two blind men sitting by the wayside, when they heard that Jesus was passing by, cried out, saying, Lord, have mercy on us, Thou Son of David. And the multitude rebuked them, that they should hold their peace : but they cried out the more, saying, Lord, have mercy on us. Thou Son of David : and Jesus stood still and called them and said. What will ye that I should do unto you ? They say unto Him, Lord, that our eyes may be opened. And Jesus being moved with compassion touched their eyes, and straight- way they received their sight and followed Him. And when they drew nigh unto Jerusalem and cam.e unto Bethphage, unto the mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples, saying unto them. Go into the village that is over against you, and straightway ye shall find an ass tied and a colt with her : loose them and bring them unto Me. And if any one say aught unto you, ye shall say, The Lord hath need of them ; and straightway he will send them. Now this is come to pass, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying. MATTHEW ON THE PATH OF DEATH. I03 21. 5 Tell ye the daughter of Zion^ Behold^ thy King cometh unto thee^ Meek, and riding upon an ass And upon a colt the foal of an ass. And the disciples went and did even as Jesus appointed them and brought the ass and the colt, and put on them their garments, and He sat thereon. And the most part of the multitude spread their garments in the way, and others cut branches from the trees, and spread them in the way. And the multitudes that went before Him and that followed, cried, saying, Hosanna to the Son of David : Blessed is He that cometh i?t the name of the Lord : Hosanna in the highest. And when He was come into Jerusalem all the city was stirred, saying. Who is this ? And the multitudes said, This is the prophet Jesus from Nazareth of Galilee. And Jesus entered into the temple, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple and overthrew the tables of the money-changers and the seats of them that sold the doves, and He saith unto them. It is written. My house shall be called a house of prayer, but ye make it a den of robbers. And the blind and the lame came to Him in the temple, and He healed them. But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that He did and the children that were crying in the temple and saying, Hosanna to the Son of David, they were moved with indignation and said unto Him, Hearest thou what these are saying t And Jesus saith unto them, Yea : did ye never read. Out of the mouth of babes and suck- lings Thou hast perfected praise ? And He left them and went forth out of the city to Bethany, and lodged there. I04 ISRAEL'S MESSIAH-KING. matthew 21. i8 Now in the morning as He returned to the city, He hungered. And seeing a single fig-tree by the wayside He came to it and found nothing thereon but leaves only, and He saith unto it, Let there be no fruit from thee henceforward for ever : and immediately the fig- tree withered away. And when the disciples saw it they marvelled, saying, How did the fig-tree immediately wither away ? And Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith and doubt not, ye shall not only do what is done to the fig-tree, but even if ye shall say unto this mountain. Be thou taken up and cast into the sea, it shall be done : and all things whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer believing ye shall receive. And when He was come into the temple the chief priests and the elders of the people came unto Him as He was teaching, and said, By what authority doest thou these things ? and who gave thee this authority ? and Jesus answered and said unto them, I also will ask you one question, which if ye tell Me, I likewise will tell you by what authority I do these things : the baptism of John, whence was it ? from heaven or from men ? And they reasoned among themselves, saying, If we shall say. From heaven, he will say unto us, Why then did ye not believe him ? But if we shall say. From men, we fear the multitude, for all hold John as a prophet : and they answered Jesus and said, We know not. He also said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things. But what think ye ? A man had two sons. He came to the first and said, Son, go work to-day in the vineyard : and he answered and said, I go, sir : and went not. And he came to the second and said like- wise : and he answered and said, I will not : afterward MATTHEW QjsT THE PATH OF DEATH. 105 21. 30 he repented himself and went. Whether of the twain did the will of his father ? They say, the last. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, that the tax- collectors and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you. For John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not : but the tax-col- lectors and the harlots believed him : and ye, when ye saw it, did not even repent yourselves afterward that ye might believe him. Hear another parable. There was a man that was a householder who //^/2/«?'uke 15. 17 perishing here with hunger : I will arise and go to my father and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and in thy sight, I am no more worthy to be called thy son : make me as one of thy hired servants. And he arose and came to his father. But while he was yet afar off his father saw him and was moved with compassion and ran and fell on his neck and kissed him again and again. And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and in thy sight, I am no more worthy to be called thy son : make me as one of thy hired servants. But the father said to his servants, Bring forth quickly the best robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet, and bring the fatted calf and kill it, and let us eat and make merry, for this my son was dead and is alive again, he was lost and is found. And they began to be merry. Now his elder son was in the field : and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard music and dancing, and called to him one of the servants and enquired what these things might be. And he said unto him. Thy brother is come, and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound. But he was angry and would not go in. And his father came out and intreated him. But he answered and said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee and I never transgressed a commandment of thine, and yet thou never gavest me a kid that I might make merry with my friends : but when this thy son came who hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou killedst for him the fatted calf. And he said unto him. Son, thou art ever with me, and all mine is thine : but it was meet to make merry and be glad, for this thy brother was dead and is alive again, and was lost and is found. LUKE THE KINGDOM FOR ALL. \%X i6. I ^ And He said also unto the disciples, There was a cer- tain rich man who had a steward, and the same was accused unto him that he was wasting his goods. And he called him and said unto him, What is this that I hear of thee ? render the account of thy stewardship, for thou canst be no longer steward. And the steward said within himself, What shall I do, seeing that my lord taketh away the stewardship from me ? I have not strength to dig, to beg I am ashamed : I am resolved what to do, that when I am put out of the stewardship they may receive me into their houses. And calling to him each one of his lord's debtors he said to the first. How much owest thou unto my lord ? And he said, A hundred measures of oil : and he said unto him, Take thy bond and sit down quickly and write fifty. Then said he to another, And how much owest thou ? And he said, A hundred meas- ures of wheat : he saith unto him, Take thy bond and write fourscore. And his lord commended the unright- eous steward because he had done cleverly : for the sons of this world are for their own generation more clever than the sons of the light. And I say unto you, Make to yourselves friends by your use of the unrighteous Money, that when it shall fail they may receive you into the eternal tabernacles. He that is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much, and he that is unrighteous in a very little is unrighteous also in much. If therefore ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous Money, who will commit to your trust the true riches ? And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another's, who will give you that which is your own ? No servant can serve two masters : for either he will hate the one and love the other, or else he will hold to one and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and Money. And 1 84 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN, LUKE i6. 14 the Pharisees who were lovers of money heard all these things, and they scoffed at Him. And He said unto them, Ye are they that justify yourselves in the sight of men, but God knoweth your hearts : for that which is exalted among men is an abomination in the sight of God. The law and the prophets were until John : from that time the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached and every man is forcing his way into it. But it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away than for one tittle of the law to fall. Every one that putteth away his wife and marrieth another committeth adultery, and he that marrieth one that is put away from a husband commit- teth adultery. Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, making merry every day sumptuously. And a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate, full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table, yea even the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the beggar died and that he was carried away by the angels to the seat next to Abra- ham : and the rich man also died and was buried. And in Hades he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off and Lazarus in the seat next to him. And he cried and said, Father Abraham, have mercy on me and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame. But Abraham said, Son, remem- ber that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and Lazarus in like manner the evil things : but now here he is comforted and thou art in anguish. And be- side all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, that they who would pass from hence to you may not be able, and that none may cross over from thence LUKE THE KINGDOM FOR ALL. 1 8? i6. 27 to us. And he said, I pray thee therefore, father, that thou wouldest send him to my father's house, for I have five brothers, that he may solemnly testify unto them, lest they also come into this place of torment. But Abraham saith. They have Moses and the prophets ; let them hear them. x\nd he said, Nay, father Abraham, but if one go to them from the dead they will repent. And he said unto him. If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if one rise from the dead. And He said unto His disciples. It is impossible but that occasions of stumbling should come ; but woe unto him through whom they come : it were well for him if a millstone were hanged about his neck and he were thrown into the sea rather than that he should cause one of these little ones to stumble. Take heed to yourselves. If thy brother sin rebuke him, and if he repent forgive him : and if he sin against thee seven times in the day and seven times turn again to thee, saying, I repent, thou shalt forgive him. And the apostles said unto the Lord, Increase our faith. And the Lord said. If ye had faith as a grain of mustard-seed, ye might say unto this sycamine tree, Be thou rooted up and be thou planted in the sea : and it would obey you. But who is there of you having a servant ploughing or keeping sheep, that will say unto him when he is come in from the field, Come straightway and sit down to meat ; and will not rather say unto him. Make ready wherewith I may sup, and gird thyself and serve me till I have eaten and drunken, and afterward thou shalt eat and drink ? Doth he thank the servant because he did the things that were commanded ? Even so ye also, when ye shall have done all the things that are commanded you, say. We are unprofitable ser- vants, we have done that which it was our duty to do. 1 86 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN, FOURTH MAIN DIVISION. THE saviour's MINISTRY OUTSIDE OF GALILEE. PART 3. THIRD PERIOD OF HIS JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM. THE KINGDOM IN ITS COMING. The Ten Lepers, the Grateful Samaritan — How the Kingdom of God Comes. Unwearied Prayer for its Coming : Parable, the Unjust Judge — The Kingdom of God for the Humble : Parable, the Pharisee and the Publican. Children Blessed — Sacrifice for the Kingdom : The Rich Ruler's Refusal, the Poor Disciples' Reward — Third Explicit Announcement of His Death and Resur- rection. Blindness of the Disciples — A Blind Beggar Receives Sight and Follows Him — Zacchasus Sees and Receives the Saviour — Parable, The King-Elect and his Servants — He Leads the Way to Jerusalem — The Entry into Jerusalem. Rejoicing Disciples. His Loud Lament over the City — The Cleansing of the Temple. 17. 11-19. 48. And it came to pass as they were on the way to Jeru- salem that He was passing along the borders of Samaria and Galilee. And as He entered into a certain village there met Him ten men that were lepers, who stood afar off, and they lifted up their voices, saying, Jesus, Master, have mercy on us. And when He saw them He said unto them, Go and j/z And He spake also this parable unto certain who trusted in themselves that they were righteous and set all others at nought. Two men went up into the temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a tax-collector. The Pharisee having taken up his position prayed thus with himself, God, I thank Thee that I am not as the rest of men, extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as this tax-collector : I fast twice in the week, I give tithes of all that I get. But the tax-collector standing afar off would not so much as lift up his eyes unto heaven, but smote his breast, saying, God, be merciful to me the sinner. I say unto you. This man went down to his house justified rather than the other ; for every one that LUKE THE KINGDOM IN ITS COMING. i8q i8. 14 exalteth himself shall be humbled, but he that humbleth himself shall be exalted. And they brought unto Him also their babes that He should touch them : but when the disciples saw it they rebuked them. But Jesus called them unto Him, say- ing, Suffer the little children to come unto Me and for- bid them not, for to such belongeth the kingdom of God. Verily I say unto you, Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child, he shall in no wise enter therein. And a certain ruler asked Him, saying, Good Master, what shall I do to inherit eternal life ? And Jesus said unto him, Why callest thou Me good ? none is good, save God alone. Thou knowest the commandments, Z>o not coinmit adultery. Do not kill, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Honor thy father and mother. And he said. All these things have I observed from my youth up. And when Jesus heard it He said unto him. One thing thou lackest yet : sell all that thou hast and distribute unto the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven, and come follow Me. But when he heard these things he became exceeding sorrowful, for he was very rich. And Jesus seeing him said. How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God : for it is easier for a camel to enter in through a needle's eye than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. And they that heard it said. Then who can be saved ? But He said. The things which are impossible with men are possible with God. And Peter said, Lo, we have left our own and followed Thee. And He said unto them. Verily I say unto you, There is no man that hath left house or wife or brethren or parents or children for the kingdom of God's sake, who shall not receive IQO THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. luke ^ 18. 30 manifold more in this time and in the world to come eternal life. And He took unto Him the twelve, and said unto them, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and all the things that are written by the prophets shall be accomplished unto the Son of Man : for He shall be delivered up unto the Gentiles and shall be mocked and shamefully- entreated and spit upon, and they shall scourge and kill Him, and the third day He shall rise again. And they understood none of these things, and this saying was hid from them, and they perceived not the things that were said. And it came to pass as He drew nigh unto Jericho a certain blind man sat by the wayside begging. And hearing a multitude going by he enquired what this meant : and they told him that Jesus the Nazarene passeth by. And he cried, saying, Jesus, Thou Son of David, have mercy on me. And they that went before rebuked him that he should hold his peace : but he cried out the more a great deal. Thou Son of David, have mercy on me. And Jesus stood, and commanded him to be brought unto Him. And when he was come near He asked him. What wilt thou that I should do unto thee ? And he said. Lord, that I may receive my sight. And Jesus said unto him. Receive thy sight : thy faith hath saved thee. And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God. And all the people when they saw it gave praise unto God. And He entered and was passing through Jericho. And behold, a man called by name Zacchseus, and he was a chief tax-collector, and he was rich : and he sought to see Jesus who He was, and could not for the crowd because he was little of stature. And he ran on LUKE THE KINGDOM IN ITS COMING. IQI 19. 4 before and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see Him, for He was to pass that way. And when Jesus came to the place, He looked up and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste and come down, for to-day I must abide at thy house. And he made haste and came down, and received Him joyfully. And when they saw it they all murmured, saying. He is gone in to lodge with a man that is a sinner. And Zacchaeus stood and said unto the Lord, Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor, and if I have wrongfully exacted aught of any man I restore fourfold. And Jesus said unto him. To-day is salvation come to this house, forasmuch as he also is a son of Abraham : for the Son of Man came to seek and to save that which was lost. And as they heard these things He added and spake a parable, because He was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they supposed that the kingdom of God was immediately to be manifested : He said therefore, A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom and to return. And he called ten servants of his and gave them ten pounds and said unto them. Trade ye herewith till I come. But his citizens hated him, and sent an ambassage after him, saying. We will not that this man reign over us. And it came to pass when he was come back again, having received the kingdom, that he commanded these servants unto whom he had given the money to be called to him, that he might know what they had gained by trading. And the first came before him, saying, Lord, thy pound hath made ten pounds more. And he said unto him. Well done, thou good servant, because thou wast found faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities. And the second came, saying. Thy pound, Lord, hath made five pounds. 102 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. luke 19. 19 And he said unto him also, Be thou also over five cities. And another came, saying. Lord, behold, here is thy pound which I kept laid up in a napkin : for I feared thee because thou art an austere man, thou takest up that thou layedst not down and reapest that thou didst not sow. He saith unto him. Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant : thou knewest that I am an austere man, taking up that I laid not down and reaping that I did not sow ? And wherefore gavest thou not my money into the bank ? and I at my coming should have required it with interest. And he said unto them that stood by, Take away from him the pound and give it unto him that hath the ten pounds : — and they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds : — I say unto you, that unto every one that hath shall be given, but from him that hath not, even that which he hath shall be taken away from him. Howbeit these mine enemies who would not that I should reign over them bring hither and slay them before me. And when He had thus spoken He went on before, going up to Jerusalem. And it came to pass when He drew nigh unto Beth- phage and Bethany at the mount that is called the mount of Olives, He sent two of the disciples, saying. Go your way into the village over against you, in the which as ye enter ye shall find a colt tied, whereon no man ever yet sat ; loose him and bring him. And if any one ask you. Why do ye loose him ? thus shall ye say, The Lord hath need of him. And they that were sent went away and found even as He had said unto them. And as they were loosing the colt the owners thereof said unto them, Why loose ye the colt ? And they said, The Lord hath need of him. And they brought him to Jesus, and they threw their garments upon the colt, and set Jesus there- LUKE THE KINGDOM IN ITS COMING. IqI 19. 36 ^^ on : and as He went they spread their garments in the way. And as He was now drawing nigh at the descent of the mount of Olives the whole multitude of the disci- ples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works which they had seen ; saying, Blessed is He that cometh, The King, in the Name of the Lord : Peace in heaven And glory in the highest. And some of the Pharisees from the multitude said unto Him, Master, rebuke thy disciples. And He answered and said, I tell you that, if these shall hold their peace, the stones will cry out. And when He drew nigh, He saw the city and wept aloud over it, saying, If thou hadst known in this day, even thou, the things which be- long unto peace — but as it really is they are hid from thine eyes. For the days shall come upon thee when thine enemies shall cast up a bank about thee and compass thee round and keep thee in on every side, and shall dash thee to the ground and thy children within thee, and shall not leave in thee one stone upon another, because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation. And He entered into the temple and began to cast out them that sold, saying unto them. It is written. And My house shall be a house of prayer^ but ye have made it a den of robbers. And He was teaching daily in the temple : but the chief priests and the scribes and the principal men of the people sought to destroy Him, and they could not find what they might do, for the people all hung upon Him, listening. 194 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. FIFTH MAIN DIVISION. THE saviour's CONFLICTS, SUFFERING, AND GLORY. PART I. • HIS LAST DAYS IN JERUSALEM, AND LAST CONFLICTS WITH HIS FOES. Chief Priests, Scribes, Elders Question His Authority. Parable, the Wicked Husbandman. The Rejected Corner-Stone — Pharisaic Case of Conscience : Tribute to C?esar — Sadducees and the Resur- rection. David's Son and Lord — Warning against Sham Piety. The Widow's Mites — Destruction of the Temple Foretold. The Times of the Gentiles. The Coming of the Son of Man. 20. I-2I. 38. And it came to pass on one of the days as He was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, there suddenly came upon Him the chief priests and the scribes with the elders, and they spake, saying unto Him, Tell us by what authority thou doest these things or who he is that gave thee this authority. And He answered and said unto them, I also will ask you a question, and tell Me, The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men ? And they reasoned with them- selves, saying. If we shall say. From heaven, he will say. Why did ye not believe him ? But if we shall say, From men, all the people will stone us ; for they are persuaded that John was a prophet. And they answered that they knew not whence it was. And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things. And He began to speak unto the people this parable : A man planted a vineyard, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into another country for a long time. And at the season he sent unto the husbandmen a servant, that they should give him of the fruit of the LUKE HIS LAST CONFLICTS. loC 20. lo ^'' vineyard : but the husbandmen beat him and sent him away empty. And he sent yet another servant : and him also they beat and handled shamefully and sent away empty. And he sent yet a third : and him also they wounded and cast forth. And the lord of the vine- yard said, What shall I do ? I will send my beloved son : it may be they will reverence him. But when the hus- bandmen saw him they reasoned one with another, say- ing, This is the heir : let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours : and they cast him forth out of the vine- yard and killed him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do unto them ? He will come and destroy these husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others. And when they heard it they said, Far be it ! But He looked upon them, and said, What then is this that is written, The stone which the builders rejected^ The same was 7?iade the head of the corner ? Every one that falleth on that stone shall be broken to pieces ; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will scatter him as dust. And the scribes and the chief priests sought to lay hands on Him in that very hour, and they feared the people, for they perceived that He spake this parable against them. And they watched Him and sent forth spies who feigned themselves to be righteous, that they might take hold of His speech, so as to deliver Him up to the rule and to the authority of the governor. And they asked Him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly and acceptest not the person of any, but of a truth teachest the way of God : Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar or not ? But He perceived their craftiness and said unto them, Shew Me a denarius : whose image and superscription hath it ? And they said, Caesar's. And He said unto Iq6 the saviour of men. LUKE 20. 25 them, Then render unto Caesar the things that are Cae- sar's and unto God the things that are God's. And they were not able to take hold of the saying before the people, and they marvelled at His answer and held their peace. And there came to Him certain of the Sadducees, they who say that there is no resurrection, and they asked Him, saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, that if a mans brother die having a wife, and he be childless, his brother should take the wife and raise up seed unto his brother. There were therefore seven brethren : and the first took a wife, and died childless ; and the second and the third took her, and likewise the seven also left no children, and died : afterward the woman also died. In the resurrection therefore whose wife of them shall she be ? for the seven had her to wife. And Jesus said unto them, The sons of this world marry and are given in marriage, but they that are accounted worthy to attain to that world and the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage : for neither can they die any more, for they are equal unto the angels, and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection. But that the dead are raised even Moses shewed in the place con- cerning the Bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraha?n and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob : now He is not the God of the dead, but of the living ; for all live unto Him. And certain of the scribes answering said, Master,. thou hast well said : for they durst not any more ask Him any question. And He said unto them, How say they that the Christ is David's son ? For David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The Lord said unto ?ny Lord, Sit Thou on My right handj Till I make Thine eneniies the footstool of Thy feet. David therefore calleth Him Lord, and how is He his son ? LUKE HIS LAST CONFLICTS. IQ/ 20. 45 And in the hearing of all the people He said unto His disciples, Beware of the scribes who desire to walk in long robes and love salutations in the market-places and chief seats in the synagogues and chief places at feasts, who devour widows* houses and for a pretence make long prayers : these shall receive greater condemna- tion. And He looked up and saw them that were casting their gifts into the treasury, rich men. And He saw a certain poor widow casting in thither two mites, and He said, Of a truth I say unto you this poor widow cast in more than they all : for all these did of their superfluity cast in unto the gifts, but she of her want did cast in all the living that she had. And as some spake of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and offerings, He said. As for these things which ye behold, the days will come in which there shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down. And they asked Him, saying, Master, when therefore shall these things be, and what shall be the sign when these things are about to come to pass ? And He said, Take heed that ye be not led astray : for many shall come in My name, saying, I am He, and. The time is at hand : go ye not after them. And when ye shall hear of wars and tumults, be not terrified : for these things must needs come to pass first, but the end is not immediately. Then said He unto them, Nation shall rise against station and kingdom against king- dom^ and there shall be great earthquakes and in divers places famines and pestilences, and there shall be terrors and great signs from heaven. But before all these things they shall lay their hands on you and shall persecute you, delivering you up to the synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for My name's sake : it Iq8 the saviour of men, LUKE 21. 13 shall turn out unto you as an opportunity to bear testi- mony. Settle it therefore in your hearts not to meditate beforehand how to answer, for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries shall not be able to withstand or to gainsay. But ye shall be delivered up even by parents and brethren and kinsfolk and friends, and some of you shall they cause to be put to death, and ye shall be hated by all men for My name's sake. And not a hair of your head shall perish. By your stedfast- ness ye shall win your souls. But when ye see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that her desolation is at hand. Then let them that are in Judaea flee unto the mountains, and let them that are in the midst of her depart out, and let not them that are in the country enter therein. For these are days of vengeance, that all things which are written may be fulfilled. Woe unto them that are with child and to them that give suck in those days : for there shall be great distress upon the land and wrath unto this people, and they shall fall by the edge of the sword and shall be led captive into all the nations, and Jerusalein shall be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled. And there shall be signs in sun and moon and stars, and upon the earth dis- tress of nations in perplexity for the roaring of the sea and the billows, men fainting for fear and for expectation of the things which are coming on the world ; for the powers of the heavens shall be shake?i. And then shall they see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. But when these things begin to come to pass look up and lift up your heads, because your redemption draweth nigh. And He spake to them a parable : Behold the fig-tree and all the trees : when they now shoot forth, ye see it and know of your own LUKE HIS LAST CONFLICTS. IQQ 21. 30 selves that the summer is now nigh : even so ye also, when ye see these things coming to pass, know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh. Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away till all things be accomplished. Heaven and earth shall pass away : but My words shall not pass away. But take heed to your- selves, lest haply your hearts be overcharged with sur- feiting and drunkenness and cares of this life, and that day come on you suddenly as a snare : for so shall it come upon all them that dwell on the face of all the earth. But -watch ye at every season, making supplication that ye may prevail to escape all these things that shall come to pass, and to stand before the Son of Man. And every day He was teaching in the temple, and every night He went out and lodged in the mount that is called the mount of Olives : and all the people came early in the morning to Him in the temple to hear Him. FIFTH MAIN DIVISION. THE saviour's CONFLICTS, SUFFERING, AND GLORY. PART 2. THE saviour's FINAL SUFFERINGS. Conspiracy of His Enemies — The Last Supper. Warnings and Fare- wells. The New Greatness. The Disciples' Danger — The Agony and Betrayal — Peter's Denials. The Trials before the Priests, the Sanhedrin, Pontius Pilate, and Herod. Delivered to be Cruci- fied— The Crucifixion and Death of the Saviour — His Burial. 22. 1-23. 56. Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover. And the chief priests and the 200 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN, luke 22. 2 scribes sought how they might put Him to death, for they feared the people. And Satan entered into Judas who was called Iscariot, being of the number of the twelve : and he went away and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might deliver Him unto them. And they were glad and covenanted to give him money. And he consented, and sought opportunity to deliver Him unto them in the absence of the multi- tude. And the day of unleavened bread came, on which the passover must be sacrificed : and He sent Peter and John, saying. Go and make ready for us the passover, that we may eat. And they said unto Him, Where wilt Thou that we make ready ? And He said unto them. Behold, when ye are entered into the city there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water ; follow him into the house whereinto he goeth. And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, where is the guest-chamber where I shall eat the passover with My disciples ? And he will shew you a large upper room furnished : there make ready. And they went and found as He had said unto them, and they made ready the passover. And when the hour was come. He sat down and the apostles with Him. And He said unto them. Greatly have I desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer : for I say unto you, I shall eat it no more, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. And He received a cup, and when He had given thanks He said, Take this and divide it among yourselves : for I say unto you, I shall not drink from henceforth of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God shall come. And He took a loaf and when He had given thanks He brake it and gave to them, saying, This LUKE HIS FINAL SUFFERINGS. 20I 22, 19 is My Body [which is given for you : this do in remem- brance of Me. And the cup in like manner after supper, saying, This cup is the New Covenant in My Bloody that which is poured out for you].* But behold, the hand of him that betrayeth Me is with Me on the table : for the Son of Man indeed goeth as it hath been determined, but woe unto that man through whom He is betrayed ! And they began to question among themselves, which of them it was then that should do this thing. And there arose also a contention among them, which of them is accounted to be greatest. And He said unto them. The kings of the Gentiles have lordship over them and they that have authority over them are called Benefactors. But ye shall not be so, but he that is the greater among you, let him become as the younger ; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve. For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat or he that serveth ? is not he that sitteth at meat ? but I am in the midst of you as he that serveth. But ye are they who have continued with Me in My trials : and I appoint unto you, even as My Father appointed unto Me, a kingdom, so that ye may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. Simon, Simon, be- hold, Satan obtained you by asking, that he might sift you as wheat : but I made supplication for thee, that thy faith fail not : and do thou, when once thou hast turned again, stablish thy brethren. And he said unto Him, Lord, with Thee I am ready to go both to prison and to death. And He said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day until thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest Me. And He said unto them, When I sent *A very early interpolation, omitted by *' Western " documents alone. 202 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. luke 22. 35 you forth without purse and wallet and shoes, lacked ye any thing? And they said, Nothing. And He said unto them, But now he that hath a purse, let him take it, and likewise a wallet ; and he that hath none, let him sell his cloak and buy a sword. For I say unto you that this which is written must be fulfilled in Me, And He was reckoned with transgressors : for that which concerneth Me hath fulfilment. And they said, Lord, behold, here are two swords. And He said unto them. It is enough. And He came out and went as His custom was unto the mount of Olives ; and the disciples also followed Him. And when He was at the place He said unto them, Pray that ye enter not into temptation. And He tore Himself away from them about a stone's cast, and kneeled down and prayed, saying, Father, if Thou be willing, remove this cup from Me : nevertheless not My will, but Thine, be done. [And there appeared unto Him an angel from heaven, strengthening Him. And being in an agony He prayed more earnestly : and His sweat became as it were great drops of blood falling down upon the ground.]* And when He rose up from His prayer He came unto the disciples and found them sleeping for sorrow, and said unto them. Why sleep ye ? rise and pray, that ye enter not into temptation. While He yet spake, behold, a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and he drew near unto Jesus to kiss Him. But Jesus said unto him, Judas, betrayest thou the Son of Man with a kiss ? And * Interpolation, probably " Western " in origin. A fragment from the traditions which were locally current beside the canonical Gospels. These verses and the first sentence of xxiii. 34 may be safely called the most precious among the remains of this Evangelic tradition which were rescued from oblivion by the scribes of the second century. LUKE HIS FINAL SUFFERINGS, 203 22. 49 when they that were about Him saw what would follow they said, Lord, shall we smite with the sword ? And a certain one of them smote the servant of the high priest and struck off his right ear. But Jesus answered and said, Suffer ye thus far : and He touched his ear ^nd healed him. And Jesus said unto the chief priests and captains of the temple and elders who were come against Him, Are ye come out as against a robber with swords and staves ? When I was daily with you in the temple ye stretched not forth your hands against Me : but this is your hour and the power of darkness. And they seized Him and led Him away, and brought Him into the high priest's house : but Peter followed afar off. And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the court and had sat down together Peter sat in the midst of them. And a certain maid seeing him as he sat in the light of the fire, and looking stedfastly upon him, said. This man also was with him : but he denied, say- ing. Woman, I know Him not. And after a little while another saw him, and said. Thou also art one of them : but Peter said, Man, I am not. And after the space of about one hour another confidently affirmed, saying, Of a truth this man also was with him, for he is a Galilean : but Peter said, Man, I know not what thou sayest. And immediately while he yet spake the cock crew. And the Lord turned and looked upon Peter, and Peter remem- bered the word of the Lord, how that He said unto him. Before the cock crow this day, thou shalt deny Me thrice. And he went out and wept bitterly. And the men that held Him mocked Him and beat Him, and blindfolded Him and asked Him, saying. Prophesy, Who is he that struck thee ? And many other things spake they against Him, reviling Him. And as soon as it 204 THE SA VIOUR OF MEN. luke 22. 66 was day, the assembly of the elders of the people was gathered together, both chief priests and scribes, and they led Him away into their Sanhedrin, saying. If thou art the Christ, tell us. But He said unto them. If I tell you ye will not believe : and if I ask you ye will not answer. But from henceforth shall the Son of Man be seated at the right hand of the power of God. And they all said, Art thou then the Son of God ? And He said unto them, Ye say it, for I am. And they said, What further need have we of witness ? for we ourselves have heard from his own mouth. And the whole company of them rose up and brought Him before Pilate. And they began to accuse Him, saying, We found this man pervert- ing our nation and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar and saying that he himself is Christ a king. And Pilate asked Him, saying. Art thou the King of the Jews ? And He answered him and said, Thou sayest. And Pilate said unto the chief priests and the multitudes, I find no fault in this man. But they were the more urgent, saying. He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Judaea, and beginning from Galilee even unto this place. But when Pilate heard it he asked whether the man were a Galilaean, and when he knew that He was of Herod's jurisdiction he sent Him unto Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem in these days. Now when Herod saw Jesus he was exceeding glad, for he was of a long time desirous to see Him because he had heard concerning Him, and he hoped to see some miracle done by Him. And he questioned Him in many words ; but He answered him nothing. And the chief priests and the scribes stood, vehemently accusing Him. And Herod with his soldiers set Him at nought and mocked Him and arraying Him in gorgeous apparel sent Him back to Pilate. And Herod and Pilate became friends with each LUKE niS FINAL SUFFE KINGS, 20 «; 23. 12 •' Other that very day : for before they were at enmity between themselves. And Pilate called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people and said unto them, Ye brought unto me this man as one that perverteth the people ; and behold, I, having examined him before you, found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him : no, nor yet Herod, for he sent him back unto us ; and behold, nothing worthy of death hath been done by him. I will therefore chastise him and release him. But they cried out all together, saying. Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas : one who for a certain insurrection made in the city and for murder was cast into prison. And Pilate spake unto them again, desiring to release Jesus. But they shouted, saying. Crucify, crucify him. And he said unto them the third time. Why, what evil hath this man done ? I have found no cause of death in him : I will therefore chastise him and release him. But they were urgent with loud voices, asking that He might be crucified, and their voices prevailed. And Pilate gave sentence that what they asked for should be done : and he released him that for insurrection and murder had been cast into prison, whom they asked for ; but Jesus he delivered up to their will. And when they led Him away, they laid hold upon one Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, and laid on him the cross, to bear it after Jesus. And there followed Him a great multitude of the people and of women who bewailed and lamented Him. But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for Me ; but weep for yourselves and for your children, for behold, the days are coming, in which they shall say. Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bare and the breasts that never gave suck. Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us, and to the hills. 2o6 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. luke 23-31 Cover us : for if they do these things in the green tree, what shall be done in the dry ? And there were also two others, malefactors, led with Him to be put to death. And when they came unto the place which is called The Skull, there they crucified Him and the malefactors, one on the right hand and the other on the left. [And Jesus said. Father, forgive them ; for they know not what they do.] * And parting His garments amo7tg them they cast lots. And the people stood beholdifig. And the rulers also scoffed at Him, saying. He saved others, let him save himself, if this is the Christ of God, His chosen. And the soldiers also mocked Him, coming to Him, offering Him vinegar^ and saying, If thou art the King of the Jews, save thyself. And there was also a superscription over Him, this is the king of the JEWS. And one of the malefactors who were hanged railed on Him, saying, Art not thou the Christ ? save thyself and us. But the other answered and rebuking him said, Dost thou not even fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation ? And we indeed justly, for we are receiving the due reward of our deeds : but this man hath done nothing amiss. And he said, Jesus, remember me when Thou comest into Thy kingdom. And He said unto him. Verily I say unto thee. To-day shalt thou be with Me in Paradise. And it was now about the sixth hour and a darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour, the sun's light failing, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. And Jesus * Interpolation, probably " Western " in origin. " Few verses of the Gospels bear in themselves a surer witness to the truth of what they record than this first of the Words from the Cross ; but it need not therefore have belonged originally to the book in which it is now included. We cannot doubt that it comes from an extraneous source." — Westcott and Hort, LUKE HIS GLORY. 207 23-47 crying with a loud voice said, Father, into Thy hands I commend My spirit : and having said this He breathed out His life. And when the centurion saw what was done he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man. And all the multitudes that came together to this sight, when they beheld the things that were done, returned smiting their breasts. And all His acquaintance stood afar off and the women that followed with Him from Galilee, seeing these things. And behold, a man named Joseph, who was a coun- cillor, a good man and a righteous (he had not consented to their counsel and deed), of Arimathaea, a city of the Jews, who was looking for the kingdom of God, this man went to Pilate, and asked for the body of Jesus, and took it down and wrapped it in a linen cloth, and laid Him in a tomb that was hewn in stone, where never man had yet lain. And it was the day of the Prepara- tion, and the sabbath drew on. And the women, who had come with Him out of Galilee, followed after, and beheld the tomb and how His body was laid, and re- turned and prepared spices and ointments. FIFTH MAIN DIVISION. THE saviour's CONFLICTS, SUFFERING, AND GLORY. PART 3. THE saviour's GLORY. The Resurrection. Herald Angels — The Revelation of the Risen Saviour to Two Disciples at Emmaus and to the Eleven. His Last Instructions and Promise — His Ascension. The Joy of the Dis- ciples. 24. 1-53. And on the sabbath they rested according to the com- mandment, but on the first day of the week at early 2o8 THE SAVIOUR OF MEN. luke 24. 2 dawn they came unto the tomb, bringing the spices which they had prepared. And they found the stone rolled away from the tomb, and entered in and found not the body [of the Lord Jesus.] * And it came to pass while they were perplexed thereabout, behold, two men stood by them in dazzling apparel. And as they were affrighted and bowed down their faces to the earth, they said unto them, Why seek ye the Living among the dead? [He is not here, but is risen].* Remember how He spake unto you when He was yet in Galilee, saying that the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified and the third day rise again. And they remembered His words, and returned from the tomb and told all these things to the eleven and to all the rest. Now they were Mary Magdalene and Joanna and Mary the mother of James : and the other women with them told these things unto the apostles. And these words appeared in their sight as idle talk, and they disbelieved them. [But Peter arose and ran unto the tomb ; and stooping and looking in he seeth the linen cloths by themselves ; and he departed to his home, wondering at that which was come to pass.] * And behold, two of them were going that very day to a village named Emmaus, which was threescore furlorgs from Jerusalem, and they communed with each other of all these things which had happened. And it came to pass while they communed and questioned together, that Jesus Himself drew near and went with them, but their eyes were holden that they should not know Him. And He said unto them. What words are these that ye ex- change one with another as ye walk ? And one of them, named Cleopas, answering said unto Him, Dost thou * Very early interpolation, omitted by " Western " documents only. LUKE HIS GLORY. 2O0 24. 18 ^ alone sojourn in Jerusalem and not know the things which are come to pass there in these days ? And He said unto them, What things ? And they said unto Him, The things concerning Jesus the Nazarene, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people, and how the chief priests and our rulers delivered Him up to be condemned to death and crucified Him. But we hoped that it was He who should redeem Israel : yea and beside all this, it is now the third day since these things came to pass. Moreover certain women of our company amazed us, having been early at the tomb and not finding His body, they came saying that they had also seen a vision of angels, who said that He was alive. And certain of them that were with us went to the tomb, and found it even so as the women had said, but Him they saw not. And He said unto them, O foolish men and slow of heart to believe after all that the prophets have spoken : behoved it not the Christ to suffer these things and to enter into His glory ? And beginning from Moses and from all the prophets He interpreted to them in all the scriptures the things concerning Himself. And they drew nigh unto the vil- lage whither they were going, and He made as though He would go farther. And they constrained Him, say- ing, Abide with us, for it is toward evening and the day is now far spent. And He went in to abide with them. And it came to pass when He had sat down with them to meat He took the loaf and blessed it and brake and gave to them : and their eyes were opened and they knew Him ; and He vanished out of their sight. And they said one to another. Was not our heart burning within us while He spake to us in the way, while He opened to us the scriptures ? And they rose up 2IO THE SAVIOUR OF MEN, lukk 24. 33 that very hour and returned to Jerusalem, and found the eleven gathered together and them that were with them, saying, The Lord is risen indeed and hath appeared to Simon. And they rehearsed the things that happened in the way and how He was known to them in the breaking of the bread. And as they spake these things He Himself stood in the midst of them [and saith unto them. Peace be unto you].* But they were terrified and affrighted and supposed that they beheld a spirit. And He said unto them, Why are ye troubled, and wherefore do questionings arise in your heart ? See My hands and My feet that it is I Myself : handle Me and see, for a spirit hath not flesh and bones as ye behold Me having. [And when He had said this He shewed them His hands and His feet.]* And while they still disbelieved for joy and wondered He said unto them, Have ye here anything to eat ? And they gave Him a piece of a broiled fish : and He took it and did eat before them. And He said unto them, These are My words which I spake unto you while I was yet with you, how that all things must needs be fulfilled which are written in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms concerning Me. Then opened He their mind that they might understand the scriptures, and He said unto them. Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, and that repentance for remission of sins should be preached in His name unto all the nations, — beginning from Jerusalem : ye are witnesses of these things. And behold, I send forth the promise of My Father upon you : but tarry ye in the city until ye be clothed with power from on high. And He led them out until they were over against * See note p. 208. LUKE HIS GLORY, 211 24. 50 Bethany, and He lifted up His hands and blessed them. And it came to pass while He blessed them He parted from them [and was carried up into heaven].* And they [worshipped Him and] * returned to Jerusalem with great joy, and were continually in the temple, blessing God. *An interpolation, omitted by "Western" documents, probably inserted because it was thought that the separation from the disciples at the close of the Gospel must be the Ascension. The Ascension apparently did not come within the intended scope of the Gospel : "its true place was at the head of the Acts of the Apostles, as the preparation for the Day of Pentecost, and thus the beginning of the history of the Church." — Westcott and Hort. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. On Luke, see page 128. The book of Acts is a continuation of the Gospel according to Luke, by the same writer, and addressed to the same Theophilus. It tells how the work begun by the Lord Jesus was gradually spread over the world by His disciples, aided by the Holy Spirit ; how the Salvation destined for Israel, and first offered to Israel as God's called Missionaries to the rest of the world, was carried to the Gentiles by the Apostles, who continued the work of their Ascended Lord and were guided by the Holy Spirit whom He promised and sent. It shows how the Church was planted in Jerusalem, then in Judaea, in Samaria, in Syria, in Asia Minor, in Greece, in Rome, and the West. Each widening of the circle resulted from what went before, and every hindrance was turned into help. The book has been well called the Gospel of the Holy Spirit : His Presence and Power are recognized at every turn in this history of the Planting and Training of the early Church. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. PROLOGUE, I. I-14. The Work and Teaching of Jesus Continued in that of the Apostles, whom, after His Resurrection, he Authorized to Bear Witness to Him unto the Uttermost Part of the Earth. His Ascension. Abiding in the Upper Room, they Wait for the Promised Spirit. (Easter Day, April 9 ; Ascension Day, May 18, a.d. 30.) The former treatise I made, O Theophilus, con- cerning all that Jesus began both to do and to teach until the day in which He was received up after that He had given commandment through the Holy Spirit unto the apostles whom He had chosen : to whom He also shewed Himself alive after His passion by many infallible proofs, appearing unto them during forty days and speaking the things concerning the kingdom of God. And being as- sembled together with them, He charged them not to de- part from Jerusalem, but to wait for the promise of the Father which " ye heard from me : for John indeed bap- tized with water ; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days hence." They therefore when they were come together asked Him, saying, Lord, dost Thou at this time restore the kingdom to Israel ? He said unto them. It is not for you to know times or seasons, which the Father hath appointed according to His own choice, but ye shall receive power when the Holy Spirit is come upon you, and ye shall be My witnesses both in Jeru- 215 2l6 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. Acts I. 8 salem and in all Judasa and Samaria and unto the utter- most part of the earth. And when He had said these things, as they were looking, He was taken up, and a cloud received Him out of their sight. And while they were looking stedfastly into heaven as He went, behold, two men were standing by them in white apparel, who also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye looking into heaven ? this Jesus, who was received up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye beheld Him going into heaven. Then returned they unto Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is nigh unto Jerusalem, a sabbath day's journey off. And when they were come in, they went up into the upper chamber where they were abiding, both Peter and John and James and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus and Simon the Zealot and Judas the brother of James. These all with one accord continued stedfastly in prayer with the women and Mary the mother of Jesus and with His brothers. FIRST MAIN DIVISION. I. 15-8. 3. THE FOUNDING AND GROWTH OF THE CHURCH IN JERU- SALEM. THE ENMITY OF JEWISH RULERS AND PEOPLE CAUSES A DISPERSION AND THE SPREAD OF THE GOS- PEL TO WIDER CIRCLES. PART I. MATTHIAS ADDED TO THE TWELVE IN THE PLACE OF JUDAS. I. 1 5-26. And IN THESE DAYS Peter stood up in the midst of the brethren and said (and there was a multitude of persons gathered together, about a hundred and twenty), Brethren, ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM, 21/ I. i6 it was needful that the scripture should be fulfilled which the Holy Spirit spake before by the mouth of David con- cerning Judas who was guide to them that took Jesus, for he was numbered among us and received his portion in this ministry. Now this man obtained a field with the reward of his iniquity, and falling headlong he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out. And it became known to all the dwellers at Jerusalem, insomuch that in their language that field was called Akeldama, that is. The field of blood. For it is written in the Book of Psalms, Let his habitation be made desolate And let no man dwell therein^ and His office let another take. Of the men therefore who have companied with us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and went out among us, beginning from the baptism of John unto the day that He was received up from us, of these must one become a witness with us of His resurrection. And they put for- ward two, Joseph, called Barsabbas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias. And they prayed and said. Thou, Lord, who knowest the hearts of all men, shew of these two the one whom Thou hast chosen, to take the place in this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas fell away, that he might go to his own place. And they gave lots for them, and the lot fell upon Matthias, and he was numbered with the eleven apostles. 2l8 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. PART 2. THE FIRST WHITSUNDAY. The Risen Ascended Lord Sends the Promised Spirit. The Multi- tude out of Every Nation under Heaven. Peter's Testimony : Fulfilment of Prophecy, Continued Working of the once Crucified but now Exalted Lord and Christ. Thousands Gladly Receive the Word. The Joyful Growth and Fellowship of the Church. 2, 1-47. (Whitsunday, May 28, a.d. 30.) And when the day of Pentecost was now come they were all together in one place, and suddenly there came from heaven a sound as of the rushing of a mighty wind and it filled all the house where they were sitting, and there appeared unto them tongues parting asunder, like as of fire, and it sat upon each one of them, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance. Now there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men from every nation under heaven : and when this sound was heard the multitude came together and were confounded, because that every man heard them speaking in his own language : and they were all amazed and marvelled, saying. Behold, are not all these who speak Galilaeans ? And how hear we every man in our own language wherein we were born ? Parthians and Medes and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, in Judaea and Cappadocia, in Pontus and Asia, in Phrygia and Pamphylia, in Egypt and the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and sojourners from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, Cretans and Arabians, we do hear them speaking in our tongues the great things of God. And they were all amazed, and were perplexed, saying one to another. What meaneth this ? But others mocking said. They are filled with sweet wine. But ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 219 2. 13 Peter standing up with the eleven lifted up his voice and spake forth unto them, saying, Ye men of Judaea and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you and give ear unto my words. For these are not drunken as ye suppose, for it is but the third hour of the day, but this is that which hath been spoken by the prophet Joel : And it shall be in the last days, saith God, / will pou7' forth of My Spirit upon all fleshy And yoicr sons and your daughters shall prophesy^ And your young men shall see visions^ And your old 7nen shall dream dreams : Yea and on My servants and on My handmaidens In those days will I pour forth of My Spirit y And they shall prophesy. And I will shew wonders in the heaven above And signs on the earth beneath. Blood and fire and vapor of smoke : The sun shall be turned into darkness And the moon into blood Before the day of the Lord come^ the great and notable day. And it shall be that whosoever shall call on the na7ne of the Lord shall be saved. Ye men of Israel, hear these words. Jesus the Nazarene, a man approved by God unto you by mighty works and wonders and signs which God did by Him in the midst of you, even as ye yourselves know. Him, being delivered up by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye by the hand of lawless men did crucify and slay, whom God raised up, having loosed the pangs of death, because it was not possible that He should be holden by it : for David saith concerning Him 220 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 2. 24 / beheld the Lord always before my face j For He is on my right hand, that I should not be moved. Therefore my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced^ Moreover my flesh also shall dwell in hope : Because Thou wilt not leave my soul in HadeSy Neither wilt Thou give Thy Holy One to see corrup- tion. Thou madest known unto me the ways of life j Thou shall make me full of gladness with Thy countenance. Brethren, I may say unto you freely of the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried and his tomb is with us unto this day : being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that of the fruit of his loins one should sit upon his throne, he foreseeing this spake of the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was He left in Hades nor did His flesh see corruption. This Jesus did God raise up, whereof we all are witnesses. Being therefore by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, He hath poured forth this which ye see and hear. For David ascended not into the heavens, but he saith himself. The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit Thou on My right hand Till L make Thine enemies the footstool of Thy feet. Let all the house of Israel therefore know assuredly, that God hath made Him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom ye crucified. Now when they heard this they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and the rest of the apostles. Brethren, what shall we do ? And Peter said unto them. Repent ye, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remis- ^^.TS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 221 2. 38 sion of your sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit : for to you is the promise and to your chil- dren and to all that are afar off, as 7?tany as the Lord our God shall call unto Him. And with many other words he testified, and exhorted them, saying, Save yourselves from this crooked generation. They then that received his word were baptized, and there were added unto them in that day about three thousand souls. And they con- tinued stedfastly in the apostles' teaching and fellowship, in the breaking of the bread and the prayers. And fear came upon every soul, and many wonders and signs were done by the apostles. And all that believed had all things common together, and sold their posses- sions and goods and parted them to all according as any man had need : and day by day continuing stedfastly with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread at home, they did take their food with gladness and single- ness of heart, praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to them day by day those that were being saved. PART 3. THE RULERS OF ISRAEL OPPOSE THEMSELVES. Healing of the Lame Man. Peter's Testimony. Rejected and For- bidden by the Council. Fresh Gifts of Power and Boldness. 3. i — 4.31. Now Peter and John were going up into the temple at the hour of prayer, the ninth hour, and a certain man that was lame from his mother's womb was being carried, whom they laid daily at the door of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple ; who seeing Peter and John about to go into 222 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 34 the temple asked to receive an alms. And Peter fasten- ing his eyes upon him, with John, said, Look on us. And he gave heed unto them, expecting to receive something from them. But Peter said, Silver and gold have I none, but what I have, that I give thee : In the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, walk. And he took him by the right hand and raised him up : and immediately his feet and his ankle-bones received strength, and leaping up he stood and began to walk, and entered with them into the temple, walking and leaping and praising God. And all the people saw him walking and praising God, and they recognized him that it was he who sat for alms at the Beautiful Gate of the temple, and they were filled with wonder and amazement at that which had happened unto him. And as he held Peter and John all the people ran together unto them in the porch that is called Solo- mon's, greatly wondering. And when Peter saw it he answered unto the people, Ye men of Israel, why marvel ye at this man ? or why is it on us that ye fasten your eyes, as though by our own power or godliness we had made him to walk ? The God of Abraha?n a7id of Isaac and of Jacob ^ the God of our fathers, hath glorified His Servant Jesus, whom ye delivered up and denied before the face of Pilate, when he had determined to release Him : but ye denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted unto you, and killed the Author of Life, whom God raised from the dead, whereof we are witnesses. And by faith in His name hath His name made this man strong, whom ye behold and know, yea, the faith which is through Him hath given him this perfect soundness in the presence of you all. And now, brethren, I know that in ignorance ye did it, as did also your rulers. But the things which God foreshewed by the mouth of all the ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM, 22^ prophets, that His Christ should suffer, He thus fulfilled. Repent ye therefore and turn again, that your sins may be blotted out, that so there may come seasons of refresh- ing from the presence of the Lord, and that He may send the Christ who hath been appointed for you, Jesus, whom the heaven must receive until the times of restoration of all things, whereof God spake by the mouth of His holy prophets who have been from of old. Moses indeed said, A prophet shall the Lord God raise up unto you from among your brethren^ like unto me j to him shall ye hearken in all things whatsoever he shall speak unto you. And it shall be^ that every soul which shall not hearken unto that prophet shall be utterly destroyed from among the people. Yea and all the prophets from Samuel and them that followed after, as many as have spoken, they also told of these days. Ye are the sons of the prophets and of the cove- nant which God made with your fathers, saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed. Unto you first God, having raised up His Servant, sent Him blessing you in turning away every one of you from your iniquities. And as they spake unto the people, the chief priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them, being sore troubled because they taught the people and proclaimed in Jesus the resurrection from the dead, and laid hands on them and put them in ward unto the morrow, for it was now eventide. But many of them that heard the word believed, and the number of the men came to be about five thousand. And it came to pass on the morrow, that their rulers and elders and scribes were gathered together in Jerusa- lem (and Annas the high priest and Caiaphas and John and Alexander, and as many as were of the kindred of 224 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 4.7 the high priest), and when they had set them in the midst, they enquired, By what power or in what name have ye done this ? Then Peter filled with the Holy Spirit said unto them. Ye rulers of the people, and elders, if we this day are examined concerning a good deed done to an impotent man, by what means this man is made whole, be it known unto you all, and to all the people of Israel, that in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, whom ye crucified, whom God raised from the dead, in Him doth this man stand here before you whole. He is the stone which was set at nought of you the builders, ivhich was made the head of the corner. And in none other is there salvation, for neither is there any other name under heaven, that is given among men, wherein we must be saved. Now when they beheld the boldness of Peter and John, and had perceived that they were unlearned and ignorant men, they marvelled, and they recognized them that they had been with Jesus, and seeing the man that was healed standing with them, they had nothing to say against it. But when they had commanded them to go aside out of the Sanhedrin, they conferred among themselves, saying. What shall we do to these men ? for that indeed a notable sign hath been wrought through them is manifest to all that dwell in Jerusalem, and we cannot deny it : but that it spread no further among the people, let us threaten them that they speak henceforth to no man in this name. And they called them and charged them not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus. But Peter and John answered and said unto them. Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you rather than unto God judge ye, for we cannot but speak the things which we saw and heard. And they, when they had further threatened them, let them go, finding nothing how they ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 225 might punish them, because of the people, for all men were glorifying God for that which was done : for the man was more than forty years old, on whom this sign of healing was wrought. And being let go they came to their own company, and reported all that the chief priests and the elders had said unto them. And they, when they heard it, lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, O Lord, Thou that didst make the heaven and the earth and the sea and all that in them is, who by the Holy Spirit by the mouth of our father David Thy servant didst say, Why did the Gentiles rage And the peoples imagine vain things ? The kings of the earth set themselves in array And the rulers ivere gathered together Against the Lord and against His Christ. For of a truth in this city against Thy holy Servant Jesus, whom Thou didst anoint, both Herod and Pontius Pilate with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel were gathered together, to do whatsoever Thy hand and Thy counsel foreordained to come to pass. And now, Lord, look upon their threatenings, and grant unto Thy servants to speak Thy word with all boldness, while Thou stretch- est forth Thy hand to heal, and signs and wonders are done through the name of Thy holy Servant Jesus. And when they had prayed the place was shaken wherein they were gathered together, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and spake the word of God with bold- ness. »5 226 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. PART. 4. THE believers' UNITY AND LIFE OF LOVE. SELFISH FALSEHOOD JUDGED. 4. 32-5. II. And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and soul, and not one of them said that aught of the things which he possessed was his own, but they had all things common. And with great power gave the apostles their witness of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all. For neither was there among them any that lacked : for as many as were possessors of lands or houses sold them and brought the prices of the things that were sold and laid them at the apostles' feet : and distribution was made unto each according as any one had need. And Joseph -who by the apostles was surnamed Barnabas, which is, being inter- preted. Son of Exhortation, a Levite, a man of Cyprus by race, having a field, sold it and brought the money and laid it at the apostles' feet. But a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a possession and kept back part of the price, his wife also being privy to it, and brought a certain part and laid it at the apostles' feet. But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thy heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part of the price of the land ? Whiles it remained did it not remain thine own, and after it was sold was it not in thy power ? How is it that thou hast conceived this thing in thy heart ? thou hast not lied unto men but unto God. And Ananias hearing these words fell down and expired : and great fear came upon all that heard it. And the young men arose and wrapped him round and carried him out and buried ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 22/ 5-7 him. And it was about the space of three hours after, when his wife, not knowing what was done, came in. And Peter answered unto her. Tell me whether ye sold the land for so much. And she said, Yea, for so much. But Peter said unto her, How is it that ye have agreed together to try the Spirit of the Lord ? behold, the feet of them that have buried thy husband are at the door and shall carry thee out. And she fell down immediately at his feet and expired : and the young men came in and found her dead, and they carried her out and buried her by her husband. And great fear came upon the whole church and upon all that heard these things. PART 5- INCREASING ENMITY OF THE HEADS OF ISRAEL, AND BOLDER PREACH- ING OF JESUS AS THE CHRIST. MULTITUDES OF BELIEVERS ADDED TO THE LORD. 5. I2-42. And by the hands of the apostles were many signs and wonders wrought among the people ; and they were all with one accord in Solomon's porch : but of the rest durst no man join himself to them : howbeit the people magnified them, and believers were the more added to the Lord, multitudes both of men and women ; insomuch that they even carried out the sick into the streets and laid them on beds and couches, that, as Peter came by, at the least his shadow might overshadow some one of them. And there also came together the multitude from the cities round about Jerusalem, bringing sick folk and them that were vexed with unclean spirits, and they were healed every one. But the high priest rose up, and all they that were with him, which is the sect of the Sadducees, and they were 228 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 5.18 filled with jealousy and laid hands on the apostles and put them in public ward. But an angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors and brought them out and said, Go ye and stand and speak in the temple to the people all the words of this Life. And when they heard this they entered into the temple about daybreak and taught. But the high priest came, and they that were with him, and called the Sanhedrin together and indeed all the senate of the children of Israel, (that is, the full Sanhedrin,) and sent to the prison-house to have them brought. But the officers that came found them not in the prison, and returned and told, saying. The prison- house we found shut in all safety and the keepers stand- ing at the doors, but when we had opened we found no man within. Now when the captain of the temple and the chief priests heard these words, they were much perplexed concerning them whereunto this would grow. And there came one and told them, Behold, the men whom ye put in the prison are in the temple standing and teaching the people. Then went the captain with the officers, and brought them, but without violence, for they feared the people, lest they should be stoned : and when they had brought them they set them before the Sanhe- drin. And the high priest asked them, saying. We straitly charged you not to teach in this name, and behold, ye have filled Jerusalem with your teaching, and intend to bring this man's blood upon us. But Peter and the apostles answered and said, We must obey God rather than men. The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew, hanging Him on a tree : Him did God exalt with His right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel and remission of sins. And we are witnesses of these things, and so is the Holy ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM, 22Q 5- 32 Spirit whom God hath given to them that obey Him. But they when they heard this were cut to the heart and were minded to slay them. But there stood up one in the Sanhedrin, a Pharisee named Gamaliel, a doctor of the law, had in honor by all the people, and commanded to put the men forth a little while, and said unto them, Ye men of Israel, take heed to yourselves as to these men what ye are about to do. For before these days rose up Theudas, giving himself out to be somebody, to whom a number of men, about four hundred, joined themselves : who was slain, and all, as many as obeyed him, were dispersed and came to nought. After this man rose up Judas of Galilee in the days of the enrolment, and drew away some of the people after him : he also perished, and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered abroad. And now I say unto you, Refrain from these men and let them alone : (for if this counsel or this work be of men, it will be overthrown : but if it is of God, ye will not be able to overthrow them :) lest haply ye be found even to be fighting against God. And to him they agreed, and when they had called the apostles unto them, they beat them and charged them not to speak in the name of Jesus and let them go. They therefore departed from the presence of the Sanhedrin, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name : and every day in the temple and at home they ceased not to teach and to preach the good tidings of the Christ Jesus, 230 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. PART 6. FIRST STEP TOWARDS EXTENSION OF THE GOSPEL TO THE GENTILES. Discord between Hellenist and Hebrew Believers Leads to the Choice of the Seven, with Stephen, a Hellenist, at their Head. His Suc- cessful Labors, Arrest, Defence, Martyrdom. Persecution Scatters the Church. 6. 1-8. 3. (About a.d. 35 to 37.) Now IN THESE DAYS, when the number of the dis- ciples was multiplying, there arose a murmuring of the Grecian Jews against the Hebrews because their widows were neglected in the daily ministration. And the twelve called the multitude of disciples unto them and said, It is not fit that we should forsake the word of God, and serve tables : but, brethren, look ye out from among you seven men of good report, full of the Spirit and of wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business : but we will continue stedfastly in prayer and in the ministry of the word. And the saying pleased the whole multitude, and they chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, and PhiHp and Prochorus and Nicanor and Timon and Parmenas and Nicolas a proselyte of Antioch, whom they, set before the apostles, and when they had prayed they laid their hands on them. And the word of God went on increasing, and the num- ber of the disciples multiplied in Jerusalem exceedingly, and a great company of the priests were obedient to the faith. And Stephen full of grace and power wrought great wonders and signs among the people. But there arose certain of them that were of the synagogue called the synagogue of the Libertines (Jewish freedmen) and of the Cyrenians and of the Alexandrians and of them of Cilicia ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 23 I and Asia, disputing with Stephen, and they were not able to withstand the wisdom and the Spirit by which he spake. Then they secretly instructed men who said. We have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses, and against God : and they stirred up the people and the elders and the scribes, and came suddenly upon him and seized him and brought him into the Sanhedrin, and set up fal^e witnesses who said, This man ceaseth not to speak words against this holy place and the law, for we have heard him say that Jesus this Nazarene shall destroy this place and shall change the customs which Moses delivered unto us. And all that sat in the Sanhedrin, fastening their eyes on him, saw his face as it had been the face of an angel. And the high priest said, Are then these things so ? And he said, Brethren and fathers, hearken. The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia before he dwelt in Haran, and said unto him, Get thee out of thy land and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee : then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Haran. And from thence, when his father was dead, God removed him into this land wherein ye now dwell, and He did not give him an inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on, and He promised that He would give it to him in possession and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child. And God spake on this wise, that his seed should sojourn in a strange land, and that they should bring them into bondage and entreat them evil four hundred years : and the nation to which they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God, and after tliat shall they come forth and serve Me in this place. And He gave him the covenant of circumcision : and so Abraham begat Isaac and circumcised him the eighth day, and Isaac 2^2 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts ^ 7.8 begat Jacob, and Jacob the twelve patriarchs. And the patriarchs, moved with jealousy against Joseph^ sold him into Egypt : and God was with him^ and deUvered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favor and wisdom before Pharoah king of Egypt, and he made him governor over Egypt and all his house. No^v there came a famine over all Egypt and Canaan and great affliction, and our fathers found no sustenance : but when Jacob heard that there was corn in Egypt, he sent forth our fathers the first time : and at the second time, Joseph was made known to his brothers, and Joseph's race became manifest unto Pharaoh. And Joseph sent and called to him Jacob his father and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls, and Jacob went down into Egypt. And he died, himself and our fathers, and they were carried over unto Shechem and laid in. the tomb that Abraham bought for a price in silver of the sons of Hamor in Shechem. But as the time of the promise drew nigh which God vouchsafed unto Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt, till there arose another king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph. The same dealt subtilly with our race and evil entreated our fathers, that they should cast out their babes so that they might not be preserved alive. At which season Moses was born, and was divinely /<3;/r y and he was nourished three months in his father's house : and when he was cast out, Pharaoh's daughter took him up and nourished him for her own son. And Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in his words and works. But when he was wellnigh forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel. And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he de- fended him and avenged him that was oppressed, smiting the Egyptian. And he supposed that his brethren under- ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 2XX Stood how that God by his hand was giving them deliver- ance ; but they understood not. And the day following he appeared unto them as they strove and sought to reconcile them, saying, Sirs, ye are brethren ; why do ye wrong one to another ? But he that did his neighbor wrong thrust him away, saying, Who made thee a ruler a?id a Judge over us ? Wouldest thou kill me as thou killedst the Egyptian yesterday ? And Moses fled at this sayings and became a sojourner in the land of Midian^ where he begat two sons. And when forty years were fulfilled an angel appeared to him in the wilderness of the mount Sinai, in a flame of flre in a bush : and when Moses saw it he wondered at the sight : and as he drew near to behold, there came a voice of the Lord, / am the God of thy fathers^ the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob. And Moses trembled and durst not behold. And the Lord said unto him, Loose the shoes from thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground. I have surely seen the affliction of My people which is in Egypt, and have heard their groaning, and I am come down to deliver them : and now come, I will send thee into Egypt. This Moses whom they refused, saying. Who made thee a ruler and a judge? him hath God sent to be both a ruler and a deliverer with the hand of the angel who appeared to him in the bush. This man led them forth, having wrought wonders and signs in Egypt and in the Red Sea and in the wilderness forty years. This is that Moses who said unto the children of Israel, A prophet shall God raise up unto you from among your brethren, like unto me. This is he that was in the church in the wilderness with the angel who spake to him in the mount Sinai, and with our fathers, who received living oracles to give unto you, to whom our fathers would not be obedient, but thrust him 234 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 7- 39 from them and turned back in their hearts unto Egypt^ saying unto Aaron, Make us gods who shall go before us : for as for this Moses, who led us forth out of the land of Egypt, we knoza not what hath become of him. And they made a calf in those days, and brought a sacrifice unto the idol, and rejoiced in the works of their hands. But God turned and gave them up to serve the host of heaven^ as it is written in the book of the prophets, Did ye offer unto Me slain beasts and sacrifices Eorty years in the wilderness, O house of Israeli And ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch And the star of the god Eephan, The figures which ye 7nade to worship them. And I will carry you away beyond Babylon. Our fathers had the tabernacle of the testimony in the wilderness, even as He appointed who spake unto Moses, that he should make it according to the figure that he had seen, which tabernacle also our fathers, in their turn, brought in with Joshua when they entered on the possession of the nations whom God thrust out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David ; who found favor in the sight of God and asked to find a habitation for the God of Jacob. But Solomon built Him a house. Howbeit the Most High dwelleth not in houses made with hands ; as saith the prophet. The heaven is My throne^ And the earth the footstool of My feet : What manner of house will ye build Me ? saith the Lord, Or what is the place of My rest ? Did not My hand make all these things ? Ye stiff necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Spirit, as your fathers did, so do ye. Which of the prophets did not your fathers ACTS THE CHURCH IN JERUSALEM. 235 7- 52 persecute ? and they killed them that foretold of the coming of the Righteous One of whom ye have now become betrayers and murderers, ye who received the law as being the ordinances of angels, and kept it not. Now when they heard these things they were cut to the heart and gnashed on him with their teeth. But he, being full of the Holy Spirit, looked up sted- fastly into heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God, and said. Behold I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing on the right hand of God. But they cried out with a loud voice and stopped their ears, and rushed upon him with one accord, and cast him out of the city and began to stone him. And the witnesses laid down their garments at the feet of a young man named Saul. And they stoned Stephen, calling upon the Lord, and saying. Lord Jesus, receive my spirit : and he kneeled down and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge : and when he had said this he fell asleep. And Saul was consenting unto his death. And there arose on that day a great persecution against the church which was in Jerusalem ; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles. But devout Jews buried Stephen and made great lamentation over him. But Saul laid waste the church, entering into every house, and dragging away men and women committed them to prison. 236 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH, SECOND MAIN DIVISION. 8. 4-II. 26. THE SERIES OF PROVIDENTIAL EVENTS BY WHICH THE WAY WAS PREPARED FOR THE TRANSFERENCE OF THE KINGDOM OF GOD FROM ISRAEL TO THE GENTILES. PART I. THE GOSPEL CARRIED TO SAMARITANS AND TO AN ETHIOPIAN PROSELYTE. Philip, One of the Seven, Proclaims the Christ in Samaria. Many Samaritans Receive the Holy Spirit through the Ministry of Peter and John. Led by the Spirit, Philip Baptizes the First Proselyte. 8. 4-40. They therefore that were scattered abroad went about preaching the good tidings of the word. And Philip went down to the city of Samaria and proclaimed unto them the Christ. And the multitudes gave heed with one accord unto the things that were spoken by Philip, when they heard, and saw the signs which he did : for from many of those who had unclean spirits they came out, crying with a loud voice, and many that were palsied and that were lame were healed : and there was much joy in that city. But there was a certain man, Simon by name, who beforetime in the city practised magic, and amazed the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one, to whom they all gave heed from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is that Power of God which is called Great. And they gave heed to him because that of long time he had amazed them with his magic arts. But when they believed Philip preaching good tidings concerning the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women. And Simon also himself believed, and ACTS PREPARATIONS FOR GENTILE-MISSION, 2^7 8. 13 ^^ being baptized he continued with Philip, and beholding signs and great miracles wrought, he in his turn was amazed. Now when the apostles who were at Jeru- salem heard that Samaria had received the word of God they sent unto them Peter and John, who, when they were come down, prayed for them that they might receive the Holy Spirit : for as yet He was fallen upon none of them, only they had been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus. Then laid they their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit. Now when Simon saw that through the laying on of the apostles' hands the Spirit was given he offered them money, saying. Give me also this power that on whomsoever I lay my hands he may receive the Holy Spirit. But Peter said unto him. Thy silver perish with thee, because thou hast thought to obtain the gift of God with money. Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter, for thy heart is not right before God. Repent therefore of this thy wickedness, and pray the Lord if perhaps the thought of thy heart shall be for- given thee : for I see that thou hast fallen into the gall of bitterness and into the bond of iniquity. And Simon answered and said. Pray ye for me to the Lord that none of the things which ye have spoken come upon me. They therefore, when they had solemnly testi- fied and spoken the word of the Lord, returned to Jerusa- lem, and preached the gospel to many villages of the Samaritans. But an angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise and go toward the south unto the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza : the same is desert. And he arose and went, and behold, a man of Ethiopia, a eunuch of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who was over all her treasure, who had come 238 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 8. 28 to Jerusalem for to worship, and he was returning and sitting in his chariot and was reading the prophet Isaiah. And the Spirit said unto Philip, Go near and join thyself to this chariot. And Philip ran to him and heard him reading Isaiah the prophet, and said, Understandest thou what thou readest ? And he said. How can I except some one shall guide me ? And he besought Philip to come up and sit with him. Now the place of the scrip- ture which he was reading was this. He was led as a sheep to the slaughter^ And as a lamb before his shearer is dumby So he openeth not his mouth. In his humiliation his judgment was taken away : His generation who shall declare ? For his life is taken from the earth. And the eunuch answered Philip, and said, I pray thee, of whom speaketh the prophet this ? of himself or of some other ? And Philip opened his mouth and begin- ning from this scripture preached unto him Jesus. And as they went on the way, they came unto a certain water, and the eunuch saith. Behold, here is water ; what doth hinder me to be baptized ? And he commanded the chariot to stand still, and they both went down into the water, both Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him. And when they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord caught away Philip, and the eunuch saw him no more, for he went on his way rejoicing. But Philip was found at Azotus, and passing through he preached the gospel to all the cities till he came to Caesarea. PREPARATIONS FOR GENTILE-MISSION. 239 PART 2. THE ASCENDED LORD PREPARES SAUL THE PHARISEE AND PERSE- CUTOR TO BE THE APOSTLE TO THE GENTILES. Jesus Appears to Him while He is on the Way as a Persecutor. He is Baptized. Thwarted by Jewish Enmity in His First Preaching to the Jews, He waits at Tarsus, Peaceful Growth of the Church in Judaea, Galilee, and Samaria. 9. 1-3 1. (About a.d, 35-40.) But Saul, yet breathing threatening and slaughter against the disciples of the Lord, went unto the high priest and asked of him letters to Damascus unto the synagogues, that if he found any that were of the Way, whether men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem. And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus, and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven, and he fell upon the earth and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou Me ? And he said. Who art Thou, Lord ? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest : but rise and enter into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do. And the men that journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing the voice, but beholding no man. And Saul arose from the earth, and when his eyes were opened he saw nothing ; and they led him by the hand and brought him into Damascus. And he was three days without sight, and did neither eat nor drink. Now there was a certain disciple at Damascus, named Ananias, and the Lord said unto him in a vision, Ana- nias. And he said. Behold, I am here, Lord. And the Lord said unto him. Arise and go to the street which is called Straight, and inquire in the house of Judas for one named Saul, a man of Tarsus, for behold, he prayeth, 240 THE EXTENSION- OF THE CHURCH. acts 9. 12 and he hath seen in a vision a man named Ananias com- ing in and laying his hands on him that he might receive his sight. But Ananias answered, Lord, I have heard from many of this man, how great evils he did to Thy saints at Jerusalem : and here he hath authority from the chief priests to bind all that call upon Thy name But the Lord said unto him, Go thy way, for he is a chosen vessel unto Me to bear My name before the Gentiles and kings and the children of Israel, for I will shew him how many things he must suffer for My name's sake. And Ananias departed and entered into the house, and laying his hands on him said, Brother Saul, the Lord hath sent me, Jesus who appeared unto thee in the way which thou earnest, that thou mayest receive thy sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit. And straightway there fell from his eyes as it were scales, and he received his sight, and he arose and was baptized, and he took food and was strengthened. And he was certain days with the disciples that were at Damascus, and straightway in the synagogues he pro- claimed Jesus that He is the Son of God. And all that heard him were amazed and said. Is not this he that in Jerusalem made havoc of them that called on this name, and had come hither for this intent that he might bring them bound before the chief priests ? But Saul increased the more in strength and confounded the Jews that dwelt at Damascus, proving that this is the Christ. And when many days were fulfilled, the Jews took counsel together to kill him : but their plot be- came known to Saul. And they watched the gates also day and night that they might kill him : but his disciples took him by night and let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket. And when he was come ACTS PREPARATIONS FOR GENTILE-MISSION. 2A\ 9. 26 ^ to Jerusalem he assayed to join himself to the disciples : and they were all afraid of him, not believing that he was a disciple But Barnabas took him and brought him to the apostles, and declared unto them how he had seen the Lord in the way, and that He had spoken to him, and how at Damascus he had preached boldly in the name of Jesus. And he was with them going in and going out at Jerusalem, preaching boldly in the name of the Lord, and he spake and disputed against the Grecian Jews ; but they went about to kill him. And when the brethren knew it they brought him down to Caesarea and sent him forth to Tarsus. So the church throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria had peace, being edified ; and, walking in the fear of the Lord and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit, was multiplied. PART 3. BY A SERIES OF DIVINE REVELATIONS THE TITLE OF THE GENTILES TO THE GRACE OF GOD IN CHRIST IS REVEALED TO PETER AND THE OTHER APOSTLES. Peter's Journey to Joppa. Cornelius, a Gentile, is Commanded by an Angelic Vision to Call Him to Csesarea. In Obedience to a Heavenly Vision Peter Goes to Cornelius and Preaches the Word to Him and His Friends. The Holy Spirit is Bestowed on Them and They are Baptized. Jewish Believers Contend with Peter : His Defence : They Hold Their Peace and Glorify God. 9. 32-1 X. 18. (a.d. 38-40-) And it came to pass as Peter went throughout all parts, he came down also to the saints that dwelt at Lydda. And there he found a certain man named ^neas who had kept his bed eight years, for he was palsied. And Peter said unto him, ^neas, Jesus Christ j6 242 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 9- 34 healeth thee : arise, and make thy bed : and straightway he arose. And all that dwelt at Lydda and in Sharon saw him, and they turned to the Lord. Now there was at Joppa a certain disciple named Tabitha, who by interpretation is called Dorcas : this woman was full of good works and almsdeeds which she did. And it came to pass in those days that she fell sick and died : and when they had washed her they laid her in an upper chamber. And as Lydda was nigh unto Joppa the disciples, hearing that Peter was there, sent two men unto him intreating him. Delay not to come on unto us. And Peter arose and went with them : and when he was come they brought him into the upper chamber, and all the widows stood by him weeping and shewing the coats and garments which Dorcas used to make while she was with them. But Peter put them all forth and kneeled down and prayed, and turning to the body he said, Tabitha, arise. And she opened her eyes, and when she saw Peter she sat up. And he gave her his hand and raised her up, and calling the saints and widows he presented her alive. And it became known throughout all Joppa, and many believed on the Lord. And it came to pass that he abode many days in Joppa with one Simon a tanner. Now a certain man in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called the Italian band, a devout man and one that feared God with all his house, who gave much alms to the people and prayed to God alway, saw in a vision openly, as it were about the ninth hour of the day, an angel of God coming in unto him and saying to him, Cornelius. And he, fastening his eyes upon him and being affrighted, said. What is it. Lord ? And he said unto him, Thy prayers and thine alms are ACTS PREPARA TIONS FOR GENTILE-MISSION, 243 10. 4 gone up for a memorial before God : and now send men to Joppa and fetch one Simon who is surnamed Peter : he lodgeth with one Simon a tanner, whose house is by the seaside. And when the angel that spake unto him was departed, he called two of his household-servants and a devout soldier of them that waited on him con- tinually, and having rehearsed all things unto them he sent them to Joppa. Now on the morrow as they were on their journey and drew nigh unto the city Peter went up upon the housetop to pray, about the sixth hour. And he became hungry and desired to eat : but while they made ready he fell into a trance, and beholdeth the heaven opened and a certain vessel descending, as it were a great sheet, let down by four corners upon the earth, wherein were all manner of four-footed beasts and creeping things of the earth and fowls of the heaven. And there came a voice to him, Rise, Peter, kill and eat. But Peter said, Not so. Lord, for I have never eaten anything that is common and unclean. And a voice came unto him again a second time. What God hath cleansed make not thou common. And this was done thrice, and straight- way the vessel was received up into heaven. Now while Peter was much perplexed in himself what the vision which he had seen might mean, behold, the men that were sent by Cornelius, having made inquiry for Simon's house, stood before the gate and called and asked whether Simon, who was surnamed Peter, were lodging there. And while Peter thought on the vision, the Spirit said, Behold, two men seek thee : but arise and get thee down and go with them, nothing doubting, for I have sent them. And Peter went down to the men and said. Behold, I am he whom ye seek : what is the cause wherefore ye are come t And they said, Cornelius 244 THE EXTENSION OF THE CHURCH. acts 10. 22 a centurion, a righteous man and one that feareth God, and well reported of by all the nation of the Jews, was warned of God by a holy angel to send for thee into his house and to hear words from thee. So he called them in and lodged them. And on the morrow he arose and went forth with them, and certain of the brethren from Joppa accompanied him. And on the morrow he entered into Caesarea : and Cornelius was waiting for them, having called together his kinsmen and his near friends. And when it came to pass that Peter entered, Cornelius met him and fell down at his feet and wor- shipped him. But Peter raised him up, saying, Stand up ; I myself also am a man. And as he talked with him he went in, and findeth many come together, and said unto them, Ye yourselves know how that it is an unlawful thing for a man that is a Jew to join himself or come unto one of another nation ; and yet unto me hath God shewed that I should not call any man common or un- clean : wherefore also I came without gainsaying when I was sent for. I ask therefore with what intent ye sent for me. And Cornelius said. Four days ago, until this hour, I was keeping the ninth hour of prayer in my house, and behold, a man stood before me in bright apparel and saith, Cornelius, thy prayer is heard and thine alms are had in remembrance in the sight of God : send there- fore to Joppa and call unto thee Simon, who is surnamed Peter ; he lodgeth in the house of Simon a tanner, by the seaside. Forthwith therefore I sent to thee, and thou hast well done that thou art come. Now therefore we are all here present in the sight of God to hear all things that have been commanded thee by the Lord. And Peter opened his mouth and said, Of a truth I per- ceive that God is no respecter of persons^ but in every ACTS PREPARATIONS FOR GENTILE-MISSION. 245 10. 35 nation he that feareth Him and worketh righteousness is acceptable to Him. He sent the w