^ PRINCETON, N. J. ^ Presented bT^oV^'^^X \^(7\^oTi'vAK(2. ^"ID.^) Division ..?*?^^''^r^*-^ Section .S^^=r'LJ (j I-V?- fl.TTBitchja / LIFE IN^ JESUS: A MEMOIR MRS. MARY WOSLOW, ' ARRANGED FROM HER C0rr^spiihna, §mh ^tilr fltougbts. BY H5B SON OCTAVIUS WNSLOW, D. D., AUTHOR OP 'MTDNIGHT HARMOflES," "PERSONAL DECLENSION AND REVITAL," "THE PRECIOUS THINGS OF GOD," ETC. " lu her had Nature bounteously combined The tenderest bosom with the strongest mind ; I view the Mother and the Saint in one, And pay beyond the homage of a Son." — KnigM. Her children arise up, and call her blessed." — Prao. xxxi. 28. NEW YORK: ROBERT CARTER & BROTHERS, No. 580 BEOADWAY. 1860. EDWARD O. JENKINS, printer & Sterfotgper, No. 26 Frankfort Street. PREFACE There are few literary tasks more delicate in conception, difficult in design, or responsible in execution, than that of composing a parent's life — that parent a mother. Under ordi- nary circumstances, to portray a character distinguished for its preeminent excellence, strongly developed in some of its essen- tial features, and remarkable for a certain idiosyncrasy which assigns to it a place in the portrait gallery peculiarly and impressively its own, would impose upon the delineator the greatest caution ; lest the imagination, enamoured of its study, should be allowed unduly to control the judgment, and thereby an ideal rather than a truthful picture should be the result. But, to sketch a character which, from childhood, we have filially loved and venerated, and, in later life, have looked upon with a deepening admiration, bordering upon a feeling of re- ligious awe ; — a character, too, sanctified in an eminent degree by the grace of God, demands the possession of powers to which the writer can prefer but a feeble claim. A mother ! who has not felt the exquisite tenderness of her love, the magic power of her influence, the sacred reverence of her name ? Has she weaknesses ? — what feeling heart could unveil them ? (3) 4 PREFACE. Has she virtues ? — what fihal hand can paint them ? And yet the holy office has been undertaken of perpetuating a mother's memory ! It seemed proper that some individual should weave together the incidents of a life too interesting and in- structive to be altogether lost. Who so fitted for the -work, as one who had known her so long, and had known her so well ? The absence of the present Memoir from the biography of the Christian church — imperfectly as its materials are compiled — the writer, with lowliness, hesitates not to say, would have been a real and serious loss. The memorial of a life so unre- servedly consecrated to God, — the publication of a correspon- dence, so rich in Christian experience, and replete with Chris- tion comfort, must, with God's blessing, be greatly and exten- sively useful. To retain and perpetuate, therefore, something of that bright spirit that has passed away, and which itself could not be retained, — to catch the mantle as it fell in its celestial flight, and pass it down, a sacred and precious heir- loom, to the Christian church, were a solemn and imperious duty, from which no conviction of inability or sense of unwor- thiness should be allowed to shrink. There were difficulties in the accomplishment of the work, other than those inseparable from its peculiar nature. It was found impossible to give that fulness to the biography, that was desired, without involving allusion to the living. Per- sonal references to some who survive,— increasingly to feel how irreparable is their loss, — have already insinuated themselves into the volume to a greater extent and more prominently than either the judgment or taste of the compiler approved. They were, however, so closely interlaced with her writings as to PREFACE. 5 render a separation difficult, if not impossible, without essen- tially impairing their beauty and effect. The destruction, by her own hands, of one of her earliest and most important private journals, together with a large mass of letters of a deeply interesting and circumstantial char- acter, deprives the work of that completeness of consecutive and incidental history which the editor would like to have preserved. The habit, too, of not dating many of her letters, and jottings in her diary, would greatly have embarrassed the chronological arrangement of the matter, (and may possibly have done so to some shght extent,) but or the events them- selves, which have formed tolerably correct landmarks, guid- ing our course along the stream of her life. Painfully trying to his feelings, and physically exhausting, as the work has been, it is not without some regret that his task is concluded. Not only has he counted it an honour — the least in his father's house — to have been intrusted with an office so responsible and sacred, but the prosecution of his work has conferred a happiness hallowed and indescribable. It has been to him, in many a still hour of night, like a prolongation of personal communion Avith her pure and glorified spirit, thus "preventing the feeling of entire disruption, and forming a kind of intermediate stage between her society in this world and the everlasting union of heaven." Acknowledgments are due to those of her correspondents who have kindly furnished for the Memoir letters in their pos- session. It has been, necessarily, but to a limited extent that the compiler has been able to avail himself of these invaluable treasures. He hopes, however, to follow the present volume 6 PREFACE. with a second one, composed entirely of selections from his mother's unpublished remains, in which many of these letters will appear. The work — already and solemnly dedicated to the Triune God — is now humbly laid at the feet of Christ's one church, with the fervent prayer, that the example which it presents of a LIVING FAITH, and of a Catholic Christianity may in- struct, comfort, and animate many saints in their Christian course ; and thus bring honour and praise to Him whom, liv- ing, it was her supreme delight to serve ; and whom, though dead, through these memorials, she still may glorify. " Oh, cherish'd and revered ! fond memory well On thee with sacred, sad delight may dwell ! So pure, 80 blest thy life, that death alone Could make more perfect happiness thine own. He came ; thy cup of joy, serenely bright, Full to the last, still flow'd in cloudless light ; He came — an angel, bearing from on high The all it wanted, — Immortahty I" — Mrs. Hkmans. Leamington, England. CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PAGB Christianity a Spiritual Life— The Believer a Living Soul— The Prevalence of Religious Formalism — Archbishop Leighton — The Moral Incentive of a High Standard — Birth — Ancestry — Early Training — A Mother's Influence — Mrs, Forbes — Providential Preservations — First Prayer — Marriage — The Pilgrim Fathers— Military Life— 11—21 CHAPTER II. The Day-dawn of Grace— First Convictions of Sin—" The Whole Duty of Man "— Residence at Romford— Removal to London — St. James's Chapel, Pentonville —Rev. Thomas Sheppard— Spiritual Distress— Xight of Weeping— Morning of Joy— Full Conversion — Writings of Rev. John Newton — Interesting Stranger —Spiritual Conflicts — Restored Peace — Letter to her Mother — Foreshadow- ings of Trial 22—31 CHAPTER III. The Practical Character of her Religion— Family Worship — ^Letter to her Mother — ^Bermuda, its Salubrity, Inhabitants, Spiritual Condition— Asylum of the Puritans — Andrew Marvel — Whitfield visits Bermuda — His successful Labours — Dr. George Forbes — Her Exertions to secure a Minister for Bermuda — Rev. George Burder — Rev. H. H. Cross — Chapel opened in St. George's — Remark- able Providence — Rev. Duncan Dunbar — Colonial Slavery — Rescue of a Slave Family— Manumits her Slaves — ^Providential Escape — ^Illness of her Husband — Dr. Hamilton— Influence of Christian Physicians— Religious Anniversaries — William Wilberforce, Esq. — Her Young Family .... 32 — 64 CHAPTER IV. God's Adjustment of His People to their Position— Her Illness— Captain Winslow's Retirement from the Army— Loss of Property— Her Removal to America — (7) 5 CONTENTS. Colonel Bayard— Divie Bethune — Her Opinion of the United States — Death of her Infant — Death of her Husband — Letters to her Son — Inconsolable Grief — Light in Darkness — A Remarkable Dream — An Especial Promise — Her Baptism — Walks of Usefulness — A Pious Idiot— Conflict of Faith— Letter to her Son — Memorial to the King— William Wilberforce — Her Communion with God 55—79 CHAPTER Y. Revisits England- Former Scenes — Return to America — Residence at Mount Pleasant — Letter to her Mother — Removal to New York — The Mothers' Meet- ing—American Revivals — President Edwards — ^The Pilgrim Fathers — Outpour- ing of the Spirit on her Family— Letters to her Children— Remarks on the Baptism of the Holy Ghost — On Faith and Prayer — Resume of her History — Touching Letter to her Son 80—89 CHAPTER VL Her Second Visit to England — Earnest Letter to her Children — Extracts from her Diary — Rev. James Harington Evans— A Remarkable Providence — Heart- searchings— Death of George IV. — Reflection on Christmas — Letter to her Mother — Letter to her Son R. — Letter to her Son H. — Rev. Mr. Evans' Preach- ing-Thoughts in Pentonville Chapel— Interesting Discovery — Letter to her Son — Spiritual Fluctuations— Her Birthdaj^- The Necessity of Trials — Minis- terial Encouragements — Qualifications of a Minister's Wife . . 90 — 125 CHAPTER VII. Her Fitness for Counsel and Comfort — Illness and Death of Mrs. Evans — ^Visit to Cambridge — Haslingfleld — Letter to her Pastor — Rev. Mr. Carus— Diary — Rev. Mr. Melville — Letter to her Son Rev. I. D. W.— Her last Visit to America — Ordination of her Son — Diary— Revival in New York — Return to England — Death of her Mother — Tugby — ^Village Scenes— Her Prayers for the Queen — Anecdote of the Queen— Avoidance of Debt — Rev. R. Cecil— Memoir of Rev. Dr. Payson — Letter to her Son Rev. L D. W.,on Ministerial Work— Heart- searchings — Letter to her Son Rev. G. E. W., on Ministerial Responsibility — Missionary Memoir of Mrs. Harriet Winslow— A Jewel in Mrs. Harriet Wins- low's Crown 126—163 CHAPTER VIII. Her Thoughts on Spiritual Subjects — Communion with God — Dr. Love — Letter to her Son H. J. W.— Letter to her Son R. F. W.— Her Thoughts on Prophetic Truth — Tlie Second Coming of the Lord — Signs of the Times— Puseyism — Gouds Breaking— Parable of the Pearl of Great Price— God's Dealings in His Leadings — Grateful Recollections — Spiritual Joy — The Christian Journey — Godly Sincerity— On Unholy Jealousy— The Unity of the Spirit— Growth in CONTENTS. y PAGE Grace— Rev. C. G. Finney— On the Conduct of a Minister's Wife— Parental In- dulgence—Death of her Daughter-in-law— Nearness to God — Feelings at the Lord's Supper— To her Son in Trial— To her Son R. F. W.— Visit to Napton 164—190 CHAPTER IX. The Christian's Chequered Life— Death of her Son H.— Letters on her Bereave- ment — Diary — Letter to her Daughter— Taplow — Reflections on Visiting Wind- sor Castle — Maternal Associations — Address to Mothers — Letter to John-street Maternal Association — Visit to Brighton — Letter to her Son . . 191 — 209 CHAPTER X. Her Passion for Souls — Incident of Rev. Charles Simeon — Faithfulness of an American Pastor — Letter to the Duke of Letter to Lord Letter to the Archbishop of , on Baptismal Regeneration — Letter to A. G., Esq., of New York— Letter to E. T. C, Esq.— Letter to I. W., Esq., Boston, U. S.— Letter to J. T., Esq. — ^Her Love of Union and of Truth — The Evangelical Alliance — Diary — Anti-State-Church Movement — Letter to Miss C. — Letter to the Hon. and Rev. B. W. N. — Letter to a Missionary, on the American Anti- Slavery Society — Letter to her Niece, Mrs. G. — On Public Reading and Prayer — On Ministerial Watchfulness — On Intercourse with God — Her Faith in the Resurrection of Clirist — Looking unto Jesus — Conversion of her Grand- children—Extracts from her Diary 210 — 239 CHAPTER XI. Her Peculiar Talent — ^The Philosophy of Sympathy — Abercrombie on the Moral Feelings — Letters of Consolation : To a beloved Friend — ^To Miss L. 0., on the Death of her Mother — ^To Mrs. F., on the Illness of her Husband — To Mrs. E. B., on the Death of her Infant — To Mrs. C, on her Illness — To the same, on the Death of her Sister— To Mrs. C. , on her Affliction— To Miss L. 0. , on behalf of a Distressed Clergyman — To her Son, on the Death of his Child— To Mrs. G., on the Death of her Husband— To Mr. W., on the Death of his Wife— To Rev. J. H. E., on his Illness— To Mrs. H., on the Death of her Husband- To Miss E. W., in Trial— To Rev. B. P. in Domestic Affliction— " Must I my Brother Keep ? "—Extracts from her Diary— " There is a Voice, it comes to me " 240 — 261 CHAPTER XII. Remarks on Christian Experience — Diary— Letters on Experimental Religion— Let- ter to Lady B., on the Sealing of the Spirit— To a Beloved Friend, on Looking to Christ for Evidences— To Lady L., on Anticipation of Heaven— To Miss M., on Ad /ancement in the Divine Life— To Mrs. T., on Christ's Presence in Sick- ness -To Mrs. A., on the Confession of Sin— To Mrs. W., on Entering Fully into 10 CONTENTS. PAGE Christ— To Rev. J. H. E. , a Word in Season to a Sick Pastor— To Mrs. Lieuten- ant-Col. P. B., on an open Heart with God — To the Hon. F. T., on making Sure of Salvation — To Lady L.,on the Holy Spirit — ^To Miss S., on the Christian Race— To Lady Mary F. , on Waiting for the Lord— To Mrs. C. , Heaven an In- centive to Religious Perseverance — To Mrs. C. , on the Intercession of Christ —To Mrs. C. G., on the Death of her Child— To her Son— To Miss I -, in her Illness— To E. S., on Telling Jesus— To W. D. L., in Darkness of Mind— Mrs. AlersHankey 262—319 CHAPTER XIII. Fruit in Old Age— Diary — Rev. Dr. Stone, Brooklyn — Prayer in Suffering — Death of Dr. Chalmers — Burden Cast upon God — ^Her Lameness— Remarkable Re- covery— Napton Vicarage— Death of her Daughter-in-law — Visit to the Grave — Anticipations of Heaven — Bridge on Faith— Her Prayer for the Evangelical AlUance — ^Letter to her Daughter — Death of the Rev. James Harrington Evans — Sympathy with Anxious Inquirers— Letter to Lady A. de Capel B.— Letters to H. and E. S. — Alarming Illness — Dr. Golding Bird — Letters to her Grand- children — Rev. David Fenton Jarman — General Correspondence . 320 — 395 CHAPTER XIY. Last Epoch of the Christian's Life — Growing Heavenliness — Longing to Depart — Devotional Meditations — The Sight of the Dying — Religion the Business of Life — Faith in the Posthumous Answers to Prayer — Exclusive Dealings with God — "Beyond the Smiling and the Weeping " — Broken-hearted Communion — Longing for Revival — The One Church, the Bride of Christ — Recognitions in Heaven — Last Sabbath in the Sanctuary — Failing Strength — Holy Counsels— The Sick Room— The Gate of Heaven— Dying Sayings — ^The Closing Scene — Her Triumphant Death — Concluding Remarks 396 — 42(5 MEMOIE. CHAPTEE I. The real believer in the Lord Jesus Christ is truly and emphatically a 'a Hving soul.' Christianity with him is more than a creed, a symbol, or a name ; it is a vital and a vital- izing principle, an incorporate of his moral being : in a word, it is a spiritual life. In his experience the ' glorious gospel of the blessed God is not a myth,' but a Divine verity ; and the truths it reveals are not fictions but attested facts, not dreams but solemn realities. He has passed from death unto life, is a new creature in Christ, has his ' fruit unto holi- ness and the end everlasting life.' And while multitudes are thronging the mere vestibule of the temple, offering their dead sacrifices to a living God ; he, approaching by the * new and living way,' has penetrated within the inner shrine, and, enveloped with the incense-cloud of the great Atoning Sacri- fice, is holding ' fellowship with the Father, and with His Son Christ Jesus.' The highest element of his being is to glorify God here ; and the consummation of his hope here- after will be the enjoyment of God for ever. Thus experi- mentally taught of the Spirit, he is led to disbelieve as a fable, and to reject as an impertinence, every dogma and vanity that would supplant the true gospel of Christ, or that offers itself as a substitute for a real heartfelt experience of the truth. To sanctify and adorn this lower world with such ' living temples' of the Spirit, and to replenish the world to come with their wonder and praise, was the great purpose of God in the gracious mission of His Son to our race. " I am (11) 12 MEMOIR OF MIIS. MARY WINSLOW. come that they might have life." " The water that I shall give you shall be in you a well of water springing up into everlasting life." " Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you ?" In an age Avhen religious formalism — the bane of the Chris- tian church — is so prevalent; and when even in Christ's quickened body the pulse of spiritual life in many throbs but languidly, it is refreshing to meet with an instance of real, earnest religion, exhibiting in its governing principles, and re- flecting in its daily habit, the power and lustre of a heaven- descending and a heaven-alluring Christianity. Such an example now invites the study of the spiritual mind. And to a spiritual mind only will it possess any degree of interest or attraction. The sentimentalist, whose piety sublimates into dreamy mysticism, — the formalist, whose religion evaporates into ritual observance, — or the romantic, whose ideal of Chris- tianity is the vastness and splendour of heroic achievement, will be conscious of a feehng of disappointment as the eye rolls over these pages. The history they detail, and the character they portray, derives nothing of its incident or its charm from sources equivocal as these. And yet it is no imaginary or inimitable Christian we are about to contem- plate. There was nothing in her principles or example — nothing in the grace which made her what she was, and to which she owed all her hope for eternity — to which the most humble saint may not aspire, and to which the feeblest might not attain. " If none go to heaven but such a man as this, what will become of me ?" was the desponding exclamation of one who witnessed with admiration, yet dismay, the pre- eminently godly conversation of the seraphic Leighton. We anticipate, however, no such feeling of despair as the result of the perusal of this volume. We trust that the life we are about to trace, heavenly and holy though it was, will so ex- hibit the fullness and preciousness of Christ, so illustrate the power and sufficiency of divine grace, and so unfold the lov- ing, winning cliaracter of God, as to stimulate and encourage the lowliest heart that admires its beauty, and would ftiin transcribe its excellence. " Nevertheless, it is of incalculable advantage to have before us some bright examples of saints who have outstripped their competitors, and gained the sum- mit of the hill up which the train of feeble pilgrims is still painfully toiling. Such extraordinary proficients in the life BIRTH — ANCESTRY. 13 iirid power of godliness are the salt of the earth to keep it from corruption. They rebuke the slackness of those half- hearted, home-sick mariners who stand off and on, wistfully eying the shore from which they have voluntarily parted, in- stead of launching into the deep, and making sail for a better country." * Such a ' proficient in the life and power of god- hness' we are about to present ; and although a filial hand tremblingly attempts the portrait, it yet will be his single aim so truthfully to delineate each feature of her character as to present her as she really was ; and yet so carefully to veil the glory of the creature as shall constrain all who look upon the picture to magnify the grace of God in her. Mrs. Winslow was bom in St. George's, Bermuda, on the 28th of February, 1774. On the paternal side she was of Scotch descent. Her grandfather. Dr. George Forbes, f was a native of Scotland, but resided in Bermuda ; and was united in marriage to the eldest daughter of Thomas Jones, Esq., President of the Council, and during two temporary va- cancies in the administration, acting Governor of the colony. Robert Forbes, the youngest son of this marriage, adopting the profession of his father, pursued his studies in Edinburgh ; and on taking his degree, returned to the island, and after- wards married Mary, the only daughter of Alexander Rush, Esq. Mary Forbes, the subject of this Memoir, was the single issue of this union. An only child, and the sole representative of his family, her father's affections and hopes concentrated upon her with no ordinary intensity, and his anxiety to fit her for her future posi- tion in life was proportionably great. No means, therefore, which a cultivated mind could suggest, or ample resources command, were spared in placing within her reach the highest literary advantages. After giving, with his own hands the first form and development to her mind and character, a com- petent tutor was procured from Scotland, to whose educa- tional care the interesting charge was now confided. But while her mental training, under her father's super- vision, was thus successfully advancing, another and not less potent influence was silently at work, aiding the formation of a character which, for its natural impressibility and strength, « Pearson's Life of Archbishop Leigiitoa. f Dr. Forbes belonged to a younger branch of the fifteenth Lord Forbes, of Putechie Castle, Aberdeenshire. 14 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. rendered all tlie more necessary the skilful moulding of a mother's plastic hand. Possessing a remarkably matured judgment, great force of character, and gentleness of disposi- tion, few women were better fitted for the task than Mrs. Forbes. Faithfulness, however, compels us to notice an essen- tial deficiency in her early education, which no intellectual ad- vantages, however great, or parental anxiety, however intense, could supply — we refer to the absence of the Christian element Rehgion, indeed, was not entirely excluded, but it was the religion of form rather than of power. It was not until she had reached the culminating point of life, that Mrs. Forbes became a subject of Divine grace. Up to that period of her history she had been basing her hope of heaven upon a mere ethical rehgion. Those winning traits of disposition and mu- nificent acts of benevolence which invested her character with so great a charm, and which won for her such universal love, were made to take the place of the weightier matters of faith in Christ and love to God. The perusal of Hervey's works, (aided by the letters of her daughter,) in which that deep- thinking writer exposes, by a process of reasoning the most scriptural and convincing, though in a style somewhat florid and diffuse, the fallacy of every hope of justification but by the imputed righteousness of Christ, was the first means, in the hands of the Holy Spirit, of bringing home to her mind a conviction of her lost condition as a sinner, and of unveiling to her eye the sufficiency and beauty of the Lord Jesus as a Saviour. From the moment that she exchanged her own righteousness for the righteousness of Christ, she devoted her- self to the service and glory of her Redeemer with a self- sacrificing zeal and singleness of purpose which never swerved nor faltered to the moment that she finished her Christian career, and peacefully rested from her labours in the eighty- sixth year of her age. As the chief interest of this Memoir is derived from the re- ligious character of its subject, we cannot too soon introduce the reader to that period of her history which marks the first inspiration of spiritual life ; prefacing it, however, with a brief record of some of those remarkable providential circumstances in her early and unconverted years, which may be regarded as the foreshadowings of G-od's purposes of love and grace towards her. We quote from a narrative penned by herself, and addressed to her family : — PROVIDENTIAL PRESERVATIONS. 15 "I have often promised to relate to you some of God's most gracious dealings towards me in my early life, showing how manifestly His people are preserved in Christ Jesus^ and called. With Paul I may say, I have been in deaths oft by land and sea, by fire and water. The first remarkable event of my life was a sudden recovery from illness when about five years of age, after I had been given over by my father to die. But a more striking providence followed. Soon after my almost miraculous restoration as from the grave, I accompanied my parents during the French war on a visit to England. Our vessel was a light barque, carrying a few guns, and but ill furnished for severe conflict with the enemy. On entering the Channel, and midway between the English and French coasts, a ship of war hove in sight. It was towards night, and as she appeared to bear down upon us, our captain pre- pared for action. My mother and I were hurried from the cabin to what was thought a place of greater safety below. My father remained on deck. All was confusion above us. while I was astonished at being thus suddenly removed from my comfortable berth to the dismal quarters beneath the decks. We had not been long there, when I observed a boy come occasionally to the place of our imprisonment, and with a large horn in his hand take something from out of a barrel, having first fixed a lighted candle upon its edge and leaving it there. Observing, as I sat upon my mother's lap — who was too ab- sorbed in anxiety to notice the circumstance — that the piece of candle was nearly burnt to the edge, I got down, put out my hand and took it away, saying ' Mamma, this will burn the barrel.' It was a cask of gunpowder! Had I not re- moved it at that moment, or, in removing it, had a spark fallen from the lengthened wick, the vessel and all on board must instantly have been blown to atoms. What a wonderful pre- servation from instantaneous and eternal destruction ; for it is not supposed that there was a single person on board who knew the Lord ! " As night grew on, concealed by its darkness, the man-of- war passed their little vessel unobserved, and thus, through the good hand of God upon them, they were preserved from captivity on the one hand, and from immediate death on the other. They arrived safely in England, and ;if*-er remaining until the health of Dr. Forbes was restored, they returned to Bermuda, by way of the West Indies. They touched at An- li^ MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WIXSLOW. tigua for a few days, and accepted an invitation to dine and spend the night at the house of a distinguished resident of the island, who asked a large party of the inhabitants to meet them. They retired late, but not many hours had passed when the door of their room was burst open, and a voice of alarm roused them from their sleep with the terrific cry that the house was on fire, urging their immediate escape. Not a mo- ment was to be lost. Her mother, wrapping a portion of the l)edclothe3 round herself and child, rushed from the room, while her father, seizing what valuable things he could, prepared to follow. In a few moments the flames bursting from every part, had completely enveloped the house ; the roof fell in with a tremendous crash, and in a short time the beautiful mansion, which a few hours before had been the brilhant scene of festive hospitality, was now a mass of smouldering ruins. Had they not been aroused at the moment they were, so rapid was the conflagration, they must inevitably have perished. Thus was the life of God's chosen one again redeemed from destruc- tion — still preserved in Christ Jesus. Yet another remarkable interposition of God's providence, as occurring in early life, may be given. After a short pas- sage from New York to Bermuda, accompanied by her aunt, they arrived on a beautiful morning in sight of the island. Everything looked promising, and all were rejoicing in the prospect of soon landing amidst the welcomings of relatives and friends. The prospect, as they neared the cluster of islands, was surprisingly lovely. The blue hills in the dis- tance — the tall cedars — the coral shore stretching into a trans- parent ocean — the gentle breeze blowing from the land laden with a thousand perfumes — the blue sky above — and the whole panorama bathed in the warm beams of a southern sun, gave to the entire scene the enchantment of a fairy land. All were prepared for going on shore, waiting but the pilot to come off and conduct them in. But ere an hour had passed, the sky grew dark, storm-clouds gathered, a fearful hurricane, common in these latitudes, suddenly arose, and the vessel, driven out again to sea, threatened every moment to founder. All was now confusion and dismay. In a few moments the masts were cut away, and the deck, washed by the mountain waves, was swept of everything but the caboose. It was an appalling spectacle. Every face gathered paleness, and despair seized every heart. Vessels making for the same port were seen to PROVIDENTIAL PRESERVATIONS. 17 go down into the yawning billows with all sail standing. As the sea made a complete breach over the vessel, the officers and crew were compelled to take refuge in the cabin, waiting their expected and almost certain doom. The helm was lashed, and the dismantled hulk, which a few hours before was gal- lantly steering for her port, was now tossed like a log upon the ocean. The first long dreary night was one of horror. In this helpless condition they drifted about for several days, when — the gale having somewhat subsided — coming up to a deserted wreck, w^iich like themselves had suffered in the storm, they took from her the masts and rigging, which lay dangling at her side ; and refitting, as best they could, their disabled vessel, once more made their way to the island, which they reached in safety, and were received by their friends as those whom the sea had given back from the dead. It was a singular providence, that on opening the caboose for the pur- pose of preparing some food, the goat, which had taken refuge there in the storm, sprang out ; and thus, in the absence of the supply of water, which the sea had swept from the decks, afforded a little timely nourishment during the remainder of the passage. In narrating this remarkable deliverance, she adds, " But what of God ? "Was there one grateful heart there ? I am sure mine was not. Oh, the wonders of His love ! Oh, the marvellous goodness and long-suffering of our God ! How much has He borne with my manners in the wilderness ! " On the 6th of September, 1791, Miss Forbes was married in St. George's, Bermuda, to Thomas Winslow, Esq., who, with a detachment of his regiment, was at the time quartered in the island. A lineal descendant of Edward Winslow, one of the earhest of the Pilgrim Fathers, and Governor of Ply- mouth colony. Captain Winslow was ennobled in his ancestry. The history of the Pilgrims will ever form one of the most entrancing and instructive chapters in the annals of the Chris- tian church. Although many long years have passed since the "May-flower" sailed out of the waters of Delft Haven, and revolution has succeeded revolution, and school has fol- lowed school in church and state, the memory of the Pilgrims still lives in undimmed, undying interest, more precious and fragrant now than ever. It would seem as if it were especially awarded to the intelligence and piety of the present age to exhibit the principles, to vindicate the cliaracter, and to embalm 18 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. the memory of those distinguished confessors. Certainly no preceding age has j^resented a hght more favourable to the calm, accurate study of their history than the present. Historians, differing from them in ecclesiastical views, yet unblinded by prejudice, have delighted to glorify the grace of God in those holy men and women — who, for conscience' sake, for truth's sake, and for Christ's sake, expatriated themselves from the land of their birth, braved the storms of a winter's voyage, and sought amidst the unbroken and inhospitable wilds of New England the religious liberty denied them at home. Linked by her marriage with this "noble array of martyrs," was now the subject of our Memoir. Nor did she prove an unworthy graft of a stem so honoured. In the evangelical principles which she maintained, in the strong faith she exhibited, in the patience in suffering and the fortitude in adversity which she exemplified, the spirit of the Pilgrims would seem to have revived in her. It would, perhaps, be unnecessary, under ordinary circum- stances, to venture more than a passing allusion to the history of her marriage ; but, as this event wears somewhat of a reli- gious aspect, it being connected with the first real prayer she is supposed ever to have offered, a more circumstantial detail may be expected. Entered upon at an age of extreme youth and warm im- pulse, with but a slight knowledge of the world, and deprived of a father's gentle but firm control, we conceal not that the step as taken by her involved a degree of responsibility and hazard too serious for ordinary prudence to justify. That it was in every respect a suitable alliance, yielding to its latest hour unmingled happiness, must be traced to something beyond the sagacity and forethought of a warm-hearted and confiding girl, of but eighteen bright summers. Referring to it in after years, she remarks, " I acted wrong ; but God most wonder- fully and mercifully directed the whole, and overruled the evil for our good and for His own glory." The ' evil ' to which she here so ingenuously refers was the impetuosity which led her to act, in so momentous a matter, independently of author- ity. Adverse to her marrying in the army, as necessarily in- volving a wide separation from her child, her mother had dis- couraged several military suitors for her daughter's hand, and had as decidedly opposed the attentions of Lieut. Winslow. But her heart's young affections were secretly and irrevocably FIRST PRAYER. 19 surrendered, not only to the most admired and beloved officer in his regiment, but to one whose station in life and whose personal excellence were worthy of her confidence. That with a step involving so much excited natural feeling there should be blended a sentiment so thoughtful and sacred as that which we are about to record is, doubtless, the most remark- able and instructive feature in the narrative. Her own pen the most appropriately and beautifully pursues the story. "Now nearly eighteen, gay, thoughtless, full of life and vivacity, I felt my freedom and enjoyed it. Three companies of the 47th Regiment arrived at Bermuda from New Provi- dence. The new comers soon obtained introduction to the leading families of the island, and greatly increased its gaieties. It was more than a year before I became sensible of the at- tractions and attentions of one of the officers. These atten- tions grew more marked. My mother became alarmed. I was immediately sent from home, and placed under the care of an aunt residing several miles from town. One day a gen- tleman came out to dinner. In the course of the conversation he casually mentioned that orders had come from New Provi- dence for Lieut. Winslow to join the regiment there. This intelligence went like a dagger to my heart. In vain I strove to disguise my feelings, — bursting into tears, I left the table. Then was I convinced that my heart was not my own. I retired to my room to reflect upon my course. I knew the Governor could not interpose, nor had the Colonel in command power to detain an officer under orders from head-quarters. My happiness was at stake. Great was my distress, intense my agony of mind. "Who could prevent his going ? The thought suddenly occurred to me, — God can ! In a moment I arose, locked my door, and fell upon my knees before Him, It was my first prayer ! In the simplest form of words imaginable, I earnestly pleaded with the Lord not only to prevent his going, but to give him to me as my husband. The prayer was offered — the request was made, — and I arose from my knees with a spirit as light as a feather. My sadness and anxiety all were gone. Was not this of God ? Was not this faith in the power of God ? What brought such instantaneous and perfect relief to my distressed heart? Was it not that God gave me the power to believe that He would grant me my request ? The next day, with the permission of my aunt, I mounted my horse, and attended l^y a servant, rode into town. To my 20 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. astonishment my mother received me affectionately, and uttered not a word of rebuke at my return. The Lord had turned her heart. That evening I met the object of my ajQfections. The proposal of a private marriage was made, and, after some trembling hesitation, was acceded to. The next morning — a hcence having been procured — we met at the house of my friend, Judge L , and from thence, accompanied by two of the officers and the wife of one of them, we went to the house of the clergyman of the parish,* where I was united in the bonds of holy wedlock to the man of my choice, the be- loved of my heart. The first emotion of my mother, when the intelhgence was broken to her, was distress ; the second was love. I was received and forgiven. Never had she reason to regret my choice. She loved my husband as her own son, and an affectionate son he proved. Thus was my prayer answered three days only after I had offered it up to that God with whom all things are possible. From the mo- ment I uttered that prayer, every obstacle which before seemed insurmountable was removed. "Was there not faith in that prayer — faith in the power of God? Surely there was; and yet how many years did it lie beneath the rubbish of the fall ! Still I was His, and my precious husband was His, and we were to be the honoured parents of many that should be His, some to preach His blessed Gospel, and all, I trust, to be united together in one band of love at His right hand through an endless eternity." In throwing back a glance upon the preceding narrative, fidehty as a Christian biographer, yet blended with the most sacred filial reverence, would seem to demand from the pen that records it, an observation in reference to the principle of action which she herself, in moments of calm reflection, and when true religion had become enthroned upon her heart, so honestly and emphatically deprecated. There were two points in her marriage which render the self-responsible course she adopted such as no reasoning could commend, and the imita- tions of which, no results, however overruled by God, could justify. The one was, — the too excited feelings which were allowed to control the judgment, and the other, — the acting in opposition to a parent's wishes. It is true, there does not ap- pear to have been any express command or positive injunction ; but surely it was enough to know that her mother disapproved * Tt was then the custom to celebrate marriages in private houses. mCFLECTIONS. 21 of the step, to have dictated a more reflective course. " Honour thy father and thy mother," is a divine precept of such impor- tance in God's sight, as to be annexed to the promise, " that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." In no step in life (and for the youthful reader of these pages we especially venture upon the remark) — for none involves consequences of such moment — is a child more imperiously and solemnly bound to recognize parental authori- ty than that which Miss Forbes now took. We are not pre- pared to say that in all similar cases a parent's judgment may be the best — for it may be warped by prejudice, or be con- trolled by unworthy influence, — yet no circumstances what- ever can justify an entire abnegation, on the part of the child, of that sacred relation which God has made a beautiful type of His owp^ and which imparts to the domestic constitution its dignity and strength. And yet that first prayer ! Ah ! who can adequately de- scribe i .s preciousness and importance ? It is the first breath of God — the first pulse of spiritual life — the first dawn of end- less gk ry in the soul. How many an earnest pastor, how many a pious parent, how many a fond friend anxiously waits the blfssed announcement — "Behold, he prayeth !" That faint scintillation of spiritual life may retire, as if quenched in utter d'.rkness, and long and dreary may be the night that enshrouds it ; but at some future day it will reappear — for it was in .perishable — and realize, in its fulness of blessing, the hope it? first pale gleam had inspired. Blessed truth ! the little sc ed of grace, once dropped into the soul, will germinate, ' take rrot downward and bear fruit upward' unto life eternal. Passing over several years subsequent to her marriage — years spent in military life, and, although not devoid of much that w.'uS interesting and eventful, yet supplying in their his- tory hu^ little material in keejDing with the grave character of this volume — we proceed to record that momentous event which f^ave to all her future life its reality, sanctity, and charm. CHAPTER 11. To a mind in sympathy with the beautiful in nature, there are few spectacles more exquisitely enjoyable than the day- dawn in spring. To watch the gradual dissolving of night's deep shadows into grey twihght, — the twilight blushing into the rose-hue of morning — to catch the iirst new-born ray trem- bling in the eastern sky, all nature starting from its slumber, and hymning its early praise to the Creator, who " maketh the outgoings of the morning and the evening to rejoice" — is a scene of intense interest and beauty. But to a mind sensi- ble of moral beauty, transcendently more lovely is the day- dawn of grace in the soul. To trace the first faint glimmer of spiritual light struggling with the darkness of the mind — to behold that mind gradually emerging from its night of gloom into the calm sunshine of a new spiritual creation, and to watch its progress as it " shineth more and more unto the perfect day," is a spectacle of yet surpassing grandeur. Such a pic- ture, as sketched by her own pen, we are about to contem- plate : " From the age of ten years I have been in the habit of reading to my mother, every night, the ' Whole Duty of Man.' This book, I believe, brought me under a law-work of soul. After my marriage, I discontinued reading it, but still what I had read was impressed upon my mind and memory. Often would the thought come over me, ' How can such a one as I get to heaven ? Heaven is a good place, and only the good go there. Oh, if I could but cease from sin and keep the Commandments.' Sometimes I shut myself up, and with the the ' Whole Duty of Man' or the Prayer Book in my hand, upon my knees I have solemnly promised I would keep all the Commandments, and while doing this have felt greatly relieved of my burden, as if the work were done that was to fit me for heaven. But ere the day was over, my goodness had passed away, and I felt as unfit as ever for the abodes of the holy and the good. At other times I thought I was not worse than most people, and that God was too good to condemn the whole world. During this period I never hinted my feelings to my husband : I was afraid he would think from my distress of (22) FIRST CONVICTIONS OP SIN. 23 mind that I had committed some dreadful sin, nor could I ex- plain my views to him. I heard no gospel, though a constant attendant at church. Once I ventured to go to the Lord's Table, and recollect shedding tears at hearing of the sufferings of Christ. But soon after I relapsed into the ways of the world and forgot my vows. A young creature, the wife of one of the officers, died at a place where our regiment was quartered. Her death greatly shocked me, as I feared she was not good enough, any more than myself, to go to heaven, I was in the room when she died ; but as we were under orders for Bermuda, I soon, in the bustle and excitement of preparing for the voyage, forgot the serious impression her death made upon me ; but still an earnest desire more or less followed me to try and commend myself to God, and make myself fit for heaven. I often hoped I might die of a linger- ing disease, as that would afford me more time for repentance. "Soon after my marriage I was at a ball; I was then a bride, receiving much attention, and my pride was gratified. I had married the man I loved, and who loved me in return. My mother was more than reconciled to the step I had taken — she was pleased. I had everything my carnal heart could desire, not a wish was ungratified. I was at the very zenith of earthly happiness. On returning from the ball, I took a hasty review of the evening I had passed as I lay sleepless upon my pillow. The glitter — the music — the dance — the excitement — the attention — the pleasure, all passed before me. But oh, I felt a want I could not describe. I sighed, and whispered to myself these expressive words : ' Is this all ?' I felt at the moment that if this were all the happiness the world could bestow, then was there a lack I knew not how to sup- ply, and a void I could not fill. I had reached the very sum- mit of earthly bliss, and found it to fall short of what my heart craved, and my soul required. Prom this time I grew more fond of retirement, and less inclined to mingle with the gay world. I felt that what I had been pursuing in the early part of my life was not happiness. I turned from it with a sensation of loathing, and sought in solitude what I had never found in the brilliant and crowded walks of life. I thought that there must be a state where real happiness was to be found. In this condition of mind I continued for years, striv- ing to keep the law, and to shape my course by the ' Whole Duty of Man.' I endeavoured to walk so as to please God, 24 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. but again and again my best resolutions were broken. These feelings I concealed from all around me, for I would not for the world have breathed a hint that I was unhappy to the dearest friend. I saw every one around me apparently happy in the possession of the world which had lost its charm for me. I now sought peace of mind in domestic enjoyment. I was encircled by my children, possessed a husband who anticipated my fondest wish, and my heart could sigh for nothing of earthly bliss which I did not possess — and still I was unhappy. I was a sinner, — and this secret conviction beclouded every prospect, and embittered every cup." Such were the mental exercises — sad, yet hopeful — which foreshadowed the day-spring from on high in her heart. It was now the twilight of grace in her soul. The dark clouds which had so long enshrouded her were breaking, and this dreary night of weeping was fast retiring before the dawning splendour of a morning of joy. After living a military life for some years, Captain Winslow was induced to retire to an ancestral estate near Romford, in Essex. But change of place and diversity of scene supply no real relief to a mind burdened with sin. Referring to her removal, she remarks : " While here I was conscious — though surrounded by every earthly comfort, and by all I loved, and had more time for reading and reflection — of the same lack I had felt years be- fore. My mind was restless. My soul wanted what earth could not supply. And yet I could not describe to any one what I needed, nor what I felt. I was unhappy — at times mis- erable ; my weary soul thirsting for what it had not, and yet I could not answer myself, and say what that one thing was." It was no longer possible to conceal from her husband a sad- ness which, like the spoiler, wrapped itself within the folds of every flower of earthly good. The quick eye of affection de- tected a lurking sorrow, the cause of which baffled his ingenu- ity to discover. He marked the pallor of her cheek, the stifled sigh, and the vain attempt at cheerfulness. It was enough, however, to know that she was unha]vpy ; attributing it to the solitude of their residence, he instantly resolved upon an ex- pedient for its relief. On returning home one day, he informed her that he had taken a house in town, and proposed an imme- diate removal. The idea of a change was pleasing, and in a short time they were fully established in their new abode. In all this God's hand was signally moving. He was loading her ST. JAMES'S CHAPEL, PENTONVILLE. 25 blind steps by a way she knew not, but it was to bring her soul, panting for the " living water," to the spring whence it flowed. It does not appear that the ministry of the parish church in which her new residence was situate was of a character calcu- lated to meet the exigencies of such a case. There was the absence of that evangelical element which could alone consti- tute it a message of " life and spirit " to its hearers. Referring to it, she says, "There was nothing to satisfy my soul." The first event marking God's overruling providence in this change of residence was the appointment, just at this juncture, of the Rev. Thomas Sheppard to the perpetual curacy of St. James's Episcopal Chapel, Pentonville, and who, seven years after- wards, succeeded to the rectory of Clerkenwell. " How beau- tiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things !" Never did these expres- sive words of the evangelical prophet receive a more striking illustration than now. Mr. Slieppard was a decided man of God, and an able minister of the New Testament. His minis- try, sound in doctrine, and richly experimental in its character, was accompanied by an earnestness of spirit, and a persuasive- ness of address, which at once met the peculiar state of mind it was designed to relieve. Thus two individuals under the especial guidance of God entered the parish of Pentonville almost simultaneously. The one was a soul bowed down with grief for sin, and who could in nowise lift up herself — the other was a messenger of peace, whose ministry of grace was to loosen her bonds, and set her captive spirit free. For her sake his feet were guided thither, little divining, doubtless, for what especial intent his Master had thus brought him. But the narrative is best and more fully told by herself: "The change of residence was pleasant to me. I was thrown more amongst my friends, and for awhile my mind was diverted from its gloom. We were near the Chapel of Ease. I went, but there was nothing to satisfy my soul. The minister had been preaching here for twenty-one years, but now it was the Lord's time that he should be removed, and that a real shep- herd should take his place. I went, and heard from the new minister, for the first time in my life, the precious gospel op PEACE. This was what I had wanted to know for many years, that Jesus Christ had come into the world to save poor sinners. I was a sinner, and wanted to be saved. Oh, how eagerly I listened, and drank in every word ! I had been in vain trying 2 26 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WIXSLOW. to work out mj salvation, but my \voik always fell short, and left me as poor and miserable as ever. Now was held out to me the hope that I might be saved by the work of another — the work of Jesus Christ. With one observation of Mr. Sheppard I was much impressed. Describing my spiritual state of mind on one occasion he most solemnly said, ' If there is such an individual present, I will pledge my soul for it that that in- dividual is in the way to Christ.' With this remark I was deeply struck. I thought the free invitation of the gospel he was presenting must be true, since this godly man was willing to risk his soul upon the trutli of what he was asserting. Oh, if this were true, I might after all be saved ! My heart and mind were now at work. I repaired to my Bible, and searched it again and again. By grace are ye saved through faiih^ and that not of yourselves^ it is the gift of God, was a passage that arrested my attention. I found that in the Epistle of James we were justified by works, and my heart sank within me. I had no works, and could do none pleasing and acceptable to God. In the Epistles of Paul I read that we were justified by faith. There seemed a contradiction. My anxious mind could find no rest, but still I felt a ray of hope dawn upon my be- nighted soul, and continued to hear the precious truth as one hungering and thirsting for divine knowledge. One night, watching alone by the side of a sick child, I took my Bible and searched the Scriptures. The question how the sinner could be justified, pressed heavily upon my mind. If I could be saved by faith in the righteousness of another^ then I felt that there was hope for me ; but if there was anything for me to do towards meriting this salvation, I saw I must be forever lost. I read first one epistle and then another, when as I read, the words w^ere brought to my mind, AsJc, and ye shall receive. I reasoned, who is it that says this ? It is God. Can God lie? It is impossible. He must do what he has' said. He has commanded, Aslc, and ye shall receive. I will ask. I fell upon my knees and pleaded the promise. My petition was offered in the simple language of an untutored child. I knew nothing of Christian experience, had heard the gospel but a few times, and the only thing that had fastenad itself upon my mind was the truth that a poor sinner could be saved. Thus I went to God and pleaded the promise, asking him how such a wretched sinner as I was could be s;'v >d. I did not wrestle so much for my salvation as to know hoio I MORNING OF JOY. 27 could be saved as a helpless sinner that could do nothing. I arose from my knees, and again took my Bible. I read and compared scripture with scripture, but the one part appeared to contradict the other, and my mind was left in darkness and perplexity. Again I carried the promise to the throne of grace, and again wrestled with the Lord. I returned to my Bible, but it was yet a sealed book. The third time I ventured near the Lord, still pleading this one gracious promise, Ask, and ye shall receive. In an instant light broke in upon my soul. Jesus stood before me and spoke these blessed words, — I AM THY SALVATION ! I hailed the glad tidings — my heart and soul responded — Jesus was with me — He had himself spoken — I had seen the Lord — had heard His voice — my soul was saved — my burden was gone — the grave-clothes in which I had been so long confined fell off — my spirit was free, and I seemed to soar towards heaven in the sweetest, richest enjoy- ment — my heart filled with a joy unspeakable. I arose from my knees to adore, and praise, and bless His holy name. Oh, what a night was that, never, never, to be forgotten ! I had seen Jesus. It was no vision of the bodily senses that I saw ; but I had no more doubt that I was a redeemed and pardoned sinner, that I had seen Christ, and held communion with Him who died that I might live, than I had of my own existence. It was with difficulty I could refrain from calling up the whole house to hear what the Lord had done for my soul, I thought all would believe and rejoice too, so ignorant was I. As soon as it was morning I informed my husband of what the Lord had done for me. He looked amazed at what I said, and feared I should lose my senses. I was grieved that he did not believe and could not understand, and urged him, by every argument I could employ, to seek for the same blessing, which I was sure the Lord would give him. " It has since been evident to myself, that when the Holy Ghost gave me the promise to plead, He also gave me a measure of faith to credit God for its fulfilment, and in answer- ing the prayer of simple faith, Christ came into my soul with a full and free salvation. / am thy salvation ! This was good news indeed, fresh from heaven. Christ was mine, heaven was mine, — all care and sorrow had vanished, and I Avas as happy as I could be in the body. I had found what I had long sought. I had been in search of real happiness for years, and in one night I found it all in Jesus. God's richest tre;is- 28 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WIXSLOW. ury had been thrown open to my view, and in Him I found all I wanted for time and eternity. In this happy frame I con- tinued many weeks, imploring all I knew and loved to come to Christ, but none understood me. I began to think that no one knew Jesus Christ but dear Mr. Sheppard and myself, and often felt that if I had met a chimney sweep in the street that knew and loved Christ, I could embrace him as a brother." Such is the simple, glowing narrative of one upon whose soul the Sun of Righteousness had just arisen. In the earnest- ness of rehgious feeling breathing through these genuine utter- ances of the heart, the reader may trace the leading character- istic of her subsequent Christian life. That at this early period of her new birth there was much holy zeal, as yet unaccom- panied with deep Christian experience, she always meekly acknowledged. She thought every mind would believe her simple story, and that every heart would sympathize with her holy joy. She needed the helping hand of an advanced Chris- tian. It would appear, however, that in the absence of per- sonal intercourse with living saints, she met with the works of that eminent man of God, the Rev. John Newton, Rector of Olney, whose richly experimental writings, clothed in beautiful simplicity of style, were admirably adapted to her state of mind, and were richly owned of God in deepening her Christian knowledge and experience. To the latest period of her life she referred with gratitude to the benefit she had derived from his writings, and one of the books found in her room after death was a volume of her favourite author, John Newton. The foregoing remarks are thus borne out in her continued biog- raphy : — " Some months after this Satan w^as permitted to try my young faith, and to cast a cloud over my mind. Unbelief began to work. I feared I might be mistaken, as I could meet with none among all my friends who either understood what I said, or knew what I had experienced. Had I then a matured Christian to whom I could have opened my heart, it would have been a great comfort. And yet it was well it was so, that I might flee, not to an arm of flesh, but to the living God. My mind was brought into darkness. The sensible presence of Christ was withdrawn, and sadness filled my heart. I sought Him but found Him not ; I prayed, but received no comfort. Pacing my room one day under this dark dispensation, and fearing I never again should enjoy what I once had, I threw SPIRITUAL CONFLICTS. 29 myself upon my knees, and cried to the Lord to come and bless me if I had not deceived myself. In a moment, in con- descending love, the same precious Jesus stood before me as He did at the first, saying, O thou of little faith, zoherefore didst thou doubt f I well recollect my answer. Clasping my hands in ecstacy, I exclaimed, ' My Lord, and my God ! I cannot and will not doubt; forgive my base ingratitude.' Over- whelmed with that blessed interview, I thought I never, no, never would doubt again. Satan fled from the presence of the Lord, and I was left alone with God, — 7ny God, my own God. I could not tell my joy, and no one understood my feel- ings. At this tim.e I became acquainted with the writings of the Rev. John Newton. I read them with great delight, and if he had been alive, I would have walked miles to have con- versed with him." It was not long before the providence of God guided to her door the steps of a deeply-taught, aged Christian in humble life. To him she opened her heart, and found a warm response. He kindly took her by the hand, and in lowliness of mind she yielded herself to his instructions. In a letter to her mother she thus refers to this auspicious circumstance : — "I enclose you a note from a poor man addressed to me. He is poor in this Avorld's goods, but rich in faith. He watches over me as a father Avould a child, and I believe loves me as much. He visits me often, comforts and reproves, and en- deavours to build me up in my most holy faith ; and when he cannot come, he writes to me. He is a most pious, excellent Christian. His thoughts and whole heart are continually in heaven. Oh, that I were but more like him ! It is an interesting fact, that on her return from abroad some years afterwards, she sought out her early Christian in- structor, found him much advanced in years, in ill-health, and the occupant of an alms-house. Thither she frequently re- paired, bearing with her some httle temporal comfort, and often receiving in return a word of spiritual blessing. She oc- casionally invited him to her house, and administered to his necessities, until the venerable pilgrim exchanged his lowly abode on earth for the many-mansioned home of his Father in Heaven. The following letter addressed to her mother at Bermuda, with which we close this chapter, whilst it confirms the pleasing fact of her parent's spiritual change, evidences at the same 80 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. time the remarkable clearness and growth of her own views of divine truth ; and in the illness of her husband, to which it refers, foreshadows those trying dispensations which afterwards gave such maturity to her Christianity, and rendered her so extensively useful in comforting others with the comfort with which she herself had been comforted of God : — " My dearest Mother, October 22, 1810. "... Thank God you are all well ; but above all things, I desire to thank and bless His holy name that you and Bella are so wonderfully brought to know yourselves, and to know Him whom to know is life everlasting. Blessed be God, who passes by so many, and who has deigned to look upon us who were lying as others, dead in sin. Infinite in sovereignty, infinite in goodness, infinite in power ! why He passes by some and calls others, is only known to Himself; but there is a time coming when we shall know even as we are known, and be enabled to see that He acts consistently with his goodness and mercy. All we have to do in this vale of tears is to press forward to the glorious prize He has placed in our view, looking continually to Jesus, trusting not to our own strength, but waiting in humble dependence upon Him for all our sufficiency to carry us on, and to enable us to hold out unto the end. He that has promised is true and faithful to His w^ord. Oh, that we may be found like His be- loved handmaiden of old, sitting at His feet. His eye is ever upon His dear, dependent flock ; He knows all our need, and has promised to supply it. But for these things He will be inquired of. It is at a throne of grace Jesus makes Himself known to His saints, comforts them, revives their drooping spirits with a view of those blessings He has in store for them. This world is not our home — we look for a better. His people are pilgrims here on earth, and generally are a poor and af- flicted people. They have not their portion here as thousands have, —their portion is to come. Their names are w^ritten in the book of life, and were written before the foundation of the world. They are as dear to Him as the apple of His eye. Then what have we to fear? nothing; but everything to hope. Blessed be God who sent His only Son to pay our debt, to rescue us from the power of Satan, to cleanse us from all our guilt, to clothe our souls with His righteousness, and thereby give us a rightful claim to a crovxai of glory. Blessed be that LETTER TO HER MOTHER. 31 dear Son who condescended to come amongst us, to assume our nature, and to do for us what we had no power to do for ourselves. And blessed be the Holy Spirit, who in infinite mercy forms and prepares us for the heavenly kingdom. I am dehghted to find dear B has such clear views of the doctrine of the Atonement. And oh, that they may reach her heart, and influence all her thoughts, words, and actions. My last letter will have informed you that the children's ill- ness was occasioned by the measles, and my precious husband's from a rupture of a blood-vessel in the lungs. These things altogether, have been a severe trial to mind and body, but I have been in a most wonderful manner supported under them. I have gone through enough to kill a dozen women stronger than myself; but the Lord has fulfilled the promise, and given me strength according to my day. " On Monday evening I heard a very popular minister, who was to preach at a chapel in Lincoln's Inn Fields. I waited some time until the doors were opened, and then ob- tained a seat near the pulpit. But although the place was large, every part was densely crowded, and people standing in the aisles. The preacher was Alexander Fletcher, from Scotland, a young man of about twenty-two. But oh, how zealous, fervent, and inexpressibly great and sweet in ex- plaining the glad tidings of salvation ! His discourse was addressed to children particularly, and he has such uncommon power in directing and fixing the attention of both old and young, that I do not believe the eyes of either were off him during the whole service. This good steward of Jesus preaches almost every evening in some part or other of London. Oh, when I see such servants of the Lord spending their strength, their lives, their all for God, and counting it nothing so that they might win Christ, I look at myself and mourn over my unprofitableness, and desire to lie low in the dust. This good, zealous man of God, though followed by crowds, appears humble and lowly, like his blessed Master. Oh, my dear mamma, how I long to have you with me, where you may hear the blessed gospel preached in a thousand places. How precious it is in the ear of the redeemed ! It is the soul's food, and we grow lean and lukewarm without it. May every cove- nant blessing attend you, is the prayer of your affectionate daughter, M. W." CHAPTEK III. The earnest and practical character of her religion soon be- came apparent. The yearning of her heart for the spiritual well-being of others, which now appeared, was not less the natural outflow of her new-born feelings than the forecastings of her future devotedness. The fervent zeal to which her Christianity gave birth, and which was but now in the first pantings of its inspiration, she retained in all its bloom until death. It was natural that those of her own house should oc- cupy her first thoughts, and share her deepest sympathies. As a follower of Christ, she stood alone in her family. She felt her responsibility and resolved to act. Her first step in carry- ing out this her solemn resolution to serve the Lord was the erection, of what until now had no place in her domestic circle — a family altar to God. The accomplishment of her purpose demanded no little moral courage, wisdom, and firmness. The proposal was submitted to her husband, and though kindly, was yet strongly opposed. But the conviction of duty was too deep to be overcome. The energy of will, and the remarkable grace which in after years confronted and vanquished difficul- ties in the way of duty more formidable, and which bore her through trials yet more severe, crovvmed this her first work and testimony for God with the most pleasing success. Consent was at length given ; the effort was made in God's strength, and God blessed it. The family and household were convened for what to them was a novel yet impressive service. Her husband, at first declining to be present, was there. She con- ducted the service, read a portion of God's word, and then all but one of that circle knelt while she offered solemn prayer, — the father of that worshipping family alone stood. But when again they assembled, that heart was subdued, its hostility dis- armed, and side by side with his wife and little ones he bent the knee before their Father in heaven. From this moment (32) FAMILY WORSHIP. 33 the fire enkindled on that domestic altar never went out. Whether at home or abroad, journeying on the land, or voy- aging upon the sea, family prayer was never omitted. "As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord," was a holy resolve with which no other engagements ever were allowed to interfere. From the commencement of her Christian course until its close, her grand and single aim was to live for God. To Him her first thoughts, first time, first duties were given. All other and secondary calls, duties, and claims were held in stern abeyance. "Seek jq first the kingdom of God and His righteousness," was the precept in which she undeviatingly walked, leaving God to fulfil as most faithfully he did, the promise with which it is annexed, " and all things else shall be added unto you." Happy if her holy example— the exam- ple of one ever conscious of her own weakness, yet knowing wherein her great strength lay — shall confirm the wavering purpose, or encourage the hesitating heart of some feeble, timid witness for the Lord. Alas ! how many professedly Christian households are there without a family altar, simply because there are no hands in that circle strong enough in faith to rear it, and no hearts fervent enouo-h in love to light its sacred fires. But how grievous the twofold sin, — first, the neglect of a sacred and binding duty ; and then to limit, in its performance, the promised grace and strength of the Holy One of Israel ! The believer should ever remember, that God has enjoined no pre- cept unaccompanied by a promise ; and that it is only as we are found walking in filial, unreserved obedience to the one, that he is found faithfully and fully performing the other. Christ enjoins upon His disciples no yoke, and imposes no bur- den — calls to no service, and sends no trial — for which He does not vouchsafe all requisite aid. " My grace is sufficient for thee," is a promise which embraces in its illimitable range every member, and all the circumstances of each member, of the household of faith. Looking, then, to Him, " Let the weak say I am strong:" let the timid "glory in their infirmi- ties ;" and let those who are cast down exclaim, " In the Lord have I righteousness and strength." Apposite to these re- marks is the following extract from one of her letters to her mother : — "Do you, my dearest mamma, have family prayer? I hope you do, B and you are of one mind, and when only two or three meet together to worship God, He has promised to be 2* 34 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. amongst them. He has not said to the seeking seed of Israel, Seek ye my face in vain. How pleasing it is to the Lord when we are enabled, in spite of an ensnaring world, to erect an altar to Him in our house, and say with Joshua, As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord. Call the servants to- gether, read a portion of Scripture, and go to prayer. If you have not yet been able to do this, I hope you will do it. Let the wicked laugh ; let them call you by what names they may ; be not afraid, for more are they icho are for you, than those who are against you. You have all the saints on earth, and all the saints in glory, and all the angels in heaven, and best of all, God Himself on your side. And if God be for you, who can be against you ? You fight under a good Captain, the Cap- tain of your salvation, who will make you more than con- queror. I would earnestly recommend to you extempore prayer. Lay aside your forms of prayer, and the Lord Him- self will teach you to pray from the heart. The blessed Spirit has promised to help our infirmities in prayer." Among the first general objects which enlisted her Chris- tian sympathies and efforts, was the spiritual condition of her own native isle. In St. George, the metropolis of the Bermu- das — a beautiful group of islands bestudding the bosom of the Atlantic ocean — there still resided her mother, and a wide cir- cle of kindred and friends. God had done much, in point of natural scenery and salubrity of climate, for the Bermudas. Few spots in this beautiful, though fallen creation, concentrate so much varied loveliness, and of so high a tone, as do these isles of the sea. Poetry, in some of her sweetest, if not her most truthful strains, has often sung their praises ; while his- tory, with perhaps more stern fidelity, has awarded them an honourable page in its no less interesting annals. Nor to poetry and history alone are the Bermudas indebted for their fame. Invalids from distant climes, attenuated by disease, and aban- doned by hope, who have repaired to these islands, seeking but to eke out an enfeebled existence yet a little longer, and to meet death with mitigated suffering, have, beneath their soft skies, and fanned by their balmy breezes, been restored to perfect health ; and lived, either to settle permanently in the island, or to return to the homes they expected to have quitted for ever. Nor were the Bermudas less renowned for the gener- ous kindness and boundless hospitality of their native inhabi- tants, than for the romantic loveliness of their scenery. No ANDREW MARVEL. 35 consumptive ever landed upon their shores in quest of health — no tourist ever came to explore their beauties — no wayfar- ing mariner was ever stranded upon their rocks, who met not here a friend, and found not here a home. The only rivalry that existed was, — who should show most kindness to the stranger.* But lovely and fertile as these fairy islands were, and still more attractive the native character of their inhabitants, the early history of the Bermudas does not appear to furnish any clear or authentic evidence that evangelical religion had ever very extensively prevailed. And yet, if we may credit An- drew Marvel, of the Commonweath — one of the greatest wits and statesmen of his age, and a Christian poet, too, of no mean worth — it would seem that the Bermuda islands afforded an asylum to some of the Puritans from the tyranny which drove so many to seek in other lands the liberty of conscience denied them in their own.f But, if this be true, the piety which * "Waller, in his " Summer Islands," a poem of exquisite beauty, thus portrays this salubrious clime : — " For the kind spring (which but salutes us here) Inhabits these, and courts them all the year ; Ripe fruits and blossoms on the same trees live, At once they promise, and at once they give. So sweet the air, so moderate the clime, None sickly lives, or dies before his time. Heaven sure has kept this spot of earth uncursed, To show how all things were created first." t This historical fact is embodied iu the following poem, entitled "Bermudas," composed by Andrew Marvel, and pubhshed about the year 1661, It is supposed to be a chant of the Puritans who fled to these islands: — " Where the remote Bermudas ride In the ocean's bosom, unespied, Prom a small boat that rowed along, The list'ning winds received this song : " • What should we do but sing His praise, That led us through the wat'ry maze, Unto an isle so long unknown, And yet far kinder than our own ? Where He the huge sea-monsters wracks, 'J hat lift the deep upon their backs. He lands us on a grassy stage, Safe from the storm's and prelates' rage ; He gave us this eternal spring, Which here enamels everything ; 36 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. these holy refugees enkindled, in course of time, either expired altogether, or lived only in the smouldering embers which faintly glowed beneath the cold, deadening forms of a preva- lent but lifeless religion. Yet God had purposes of mercy towards these islands, which He was about now to unfold. It was on the 15th of March, 1748, that the Rev. George And sends the fowls to us in care, On daily visits through the air ; He hangs in shades the orange bright, Like golden lamps in a green night ; And does in the pomegranate close Jewels more rich tlian Ormus shows. He makes the figs our mouths to meet, And throws the melons at our feet : But apple plants of such a price, No tree could ever bear them twice. "With cedars, chosen by His hand, From Lebanon, he stores the land, And makes the hollow seas that roar, Proclaim the ambergrease on shore. He cast (of which we rather boast) The gospel's pearl upon this coast, And in their rocks for us did frame A temple where to sound His name. Oh ! let our voice His praise exalt, Till it arise at heaven's vault, "Which, then (perhaps) rebounding, may Echo beyond the Mexique Bay.' " Thus sang they in the English boat, An holy and a cheerful note ; And all the way, to guide their chime, With falhng oars they kept the time." Works of Andrew Marvel, by Captain Edmund Thompson, 3 vols. 1776. There is, perhaps, no man whose name deserves to be held in more sacred veneration, by those to whom the memory of the Puritans is dear, than Andrew Marvel. He occupied an illustrious niche in the history of his times. His father was a clergyman of great learning and of high repute. He met an affecting and untimely death. Crossing a river with a bridal party, for whom he was about to officiate, a sudden squall arose, and the entire group, including the young and beautiful bride, perished. The son, Andrew, who appeared to inherit much of his father's gifts, was educated at Cambridge, and afterwards represented Forkington- upon-HuU in Parliament, was secretary to the English Embassy at Con- stantinople, and Assistant Latin Secretary to Milton, under Cromwell. To him the blind bard was indebted for the early popularity oi" his sub- lime poem. Finding " Paradise Lost," the copyright of wliich Milton WHITFIELD — HIS VISIT TO BERMUDA. 37 Whitfield, the great apostle of his age, landed in Bermuda. He had arrived from New York, with impaired health, borne down with anxiety and toil, seeking amidst the loveliness and tranquillity of these enchanting isles a few weeks' bodily and mental rest from his exhausting labours. An entire stranger, ill, and depressed, his reception was worthy of the people, and soothing to his lone feelings ; it was kind, sympathizing, and hospitable. Whitfield was pleased with the beauties of the place, and charmed with the simplicity and friendship of the inhabitants. A rapid survey of the spiritual condition of the population was sufficient to convince this zealous minister of Christ that an extended field of evangelical labour, white to the harvest, Avas spread out before him. Enfeebled by ill- ness, and oppressed by care, though he was, his mighty soul was stirred within him, and he yearned to proclaim throughout that lovely group the unsearchable riches of Christ. Scarcely allowing himself a week's repose, he commenced his mission. The pulpits of the parish churches being closed against him by a law of the island, which recpired a license from home, and which the Governor would fain have relaxed in his favour, he preached to large, attentive, and affected auditors in the Presbyterian pulpit, in the Town-house of St. George's, in private dwellings, and in the open air. The immediate result was what might have been anticipated from the ministry of Whitfield. Everywhere from the highest to the lowest, — from the Executive to the most ignorant slave in the island, — society was moved to its centre, as by one mighty impulse, on the subject of religion. A general and powerful awakening transpired. Crowds were attracted to his ministry — his word was with power — and multitudes were profoundly impressed, and not a few hopefully converted. Such an outpouring of God's Spirit, such a revival of evangelical religion, those had just sold for fifteen pounds, remained unhonoured and unknown, Mar- vel wrote a complimentary poem on its publication, which at once un- veiled its beauties to the undiscerning eye of the public, and brought it into notice. He was a man of great integrity of principle, and of extra- ordinary moral courage. Of him it was said hy an historian of his day, " He had the courage to attack arbitrary government in the reign of a tyrant, and to attempt to defend the Protestant church when the head of it died a Papist." Some poc-t thus refers to two of the greatest men of his day: " 'Tis Marvel braves the wicked acts of kings ; But what the Muses dictate — Milton sings." 38 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. islands had, perhaps, never before witnessed. Amongst the first to welcome Mr. Whitfield to Bermuda, and to offer the hospitality of his house, was Dr. George Forbes, the grand- father of the subject of this memoir. He received the inter- esting stranger to his home, paid him the most courteous attention, and employed his influence in obtaining the Council Chamber for his use, in which the Governor, several of the council, the clergymen of the parish, and a number of the townspeople assembled in the most devout order to hear the message of salvation from his lips. The reader will gather a better idea of the remarkable success of Mr. Whitfield's labours in Bermuda, during which he preached generally twice a day for a month, from the extracts given below, selected from his own private journal.* * " Wednesday, April 6. After sermon Dr. Forbes and Mr. P , the Collector, desired me to favour them and the gentlemen of the town with my company to dine with them. I accepted the invitation. The Governor, the President, and Judge Bascombe were there. All won- dered at my speaking so freely and fluently witliout notes. At table liis Excellency introduced somethhig of religion, by asking me the mean- uig of the word • hades.' Several other things were started about free will, Adam's fall, predestination, &c., to all which God enabled me to answer so pertinently, and taught me to mix the utile and dulce so to- gether, that all at table seemed highly pleased, shook me by the hand, and invited me to their respective houses. The Governor, in particular, asked me to dine with him on the morrow ; and Dr. Forbes, one of his particular intimates, invited me to drink tea in the afternoon. I thanked all, returned proper respects, and went to my lodgings with some degree of thankfulness for the assistance afforded me, but awed before God at the consideration of my unspeakable unvvorthiness. In the afternoon, about five o'clock, I expounded the parable of the prodigal son to many people at a private house, and in the evening had liberty to speak freely and closely to those that supped with me. Oh, that this may be the beginning of good gospel times to the inhabitants of this town ! Lord, teach me to deal prudently with them, and cause them to melt under Thy word. " Sunday, 17. God still magnifies His power and goodness more and more. This morning we had a plea.siug sight in Mr. Paul's meeting- house. T began to preach, and tlie people to be affected as in days of old at home. Indeed, the prospect is encouraging. ' Praise the Lord, my soul.' " May 7. In my conversation, these two days, with some of my friends, I was diverted much in hearing several things that passed among the poor negroes since my preaching to them last Sunday. " One of the number, it seems, said, ' that if the book I preached out of was the best book that was ever bought, and came out of London, she was sure it had never all that in it which I spoke to the negroes.' Tho WHITFIELD — HIS SUCCESSFUL LABOURS. 39 "Laden with abundance of prayers and blessings," to use his own words, Whitfield bade farewell to Bermuda and its generous inhabitants, bearing with him, as the expression of their grateful love, ample provisions for his voyage, and up- old man who spoke out last Sunday and said, ' Yes, Sir,' when I asked them whether all the negroes would not go to heaven, being questioned by somebody why he spoke out so. answered, ' that the gentleman put the question once or twice to them, and the other fools had not the man- ners to make me any answer, till at last I seemed to point at him, and he was ashamed that nobody should answer me, and therefore he did.' Another, wondering why I said negroes had black hearts, was answered by his black brother thus ; ' Ah ! thou fool dost not thou understand it ? he means black with sin.' From all which I infer that the Bermuda negroes are more knowing than I supposed; that their consciences are awake, and consequently prepared, in a good measure, for hearing the gospel preached unto them. " Sundaj^ May 15. ' Praise the Lord. my soul, and all that is within me praise His holy name!' This morning I preaclied my fare- well sermon at Mr. Paul's meeting-house ; it was quite full, and as the President said, above a hundred and fifty whites, besides blacks, were round the house. Attention sat on every face ; and when I came to take my leave, oh, what a sweet unaffected weeping was there to be seen everywhere. I believe there were few dry eyes. The negroes, likewise, without doors, I heard, wept ])lentifully. My own heart was affected, and though I have parted from friends so often, yet I find every fresh parting almost unmans me, and very much affects my heart ! Sure- ly a great work is begun in some souls at Bermuda ! Carry it on. O Lord, and if it be thy will, send me to those dear people again. Even so, Lord Jesus. Amen. "Sunday, May 22. Blessed be God! the little leaven thrown into the three measures of meal begins to ferment, and work almost every day for the week past. I have conversed with souls loaded with a sense of their sins, and as far as I can judge, really pricked to tlieir heart. I preached only three times, but to almost three larger auditories than usual. Indeed the fields are wliite, ready unto harvest. God has been pleased to bless private visits. Go where I will, upon the least notice, bouses are crowded, and the poor souls that Ibllow are soon drenched in tears. This day I took, as it were, another farewell. As the ship did not sail, I preached at Somerset in the morning, to a large congre- gation in the fields, and expounded in the evening to as large a one at Mr. Harvey's house, round which stood many hundreds of people. But in the morning and evening how did the poor souls weep! The Lord seemed to be with me in a peculiar manner. After the service, when I lay down on the bed to rest, many came weeping bitterly round me, and took their last farewell. Though my body was very weak, yet my .soul was full of comfort. I magnified the Lord, and my spirit rejoiced in God my Saviour. Abundance of prayers and blessings were put up for my safe passage to England, and speedy return to Bermuda again. May they enter into the ears of the Lord of SabaothI" — Whitfield's Joiinal. 40 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. wards of one liunclred pounds for his Orphan House, the spon- taneous contributions of several parishes where he had preached the word. The traces of his labours existed for many years afterwards ; and although, in process of time, this powerful re- vival was succeeded by a sad relapse into religious formalism, both in the pulpit and amongst the people, yet the seed then sown by this prince of preachers still bore fruit. Amongst the converts of his ministry appears to have been an aunt of Mrs. Winslow, a family tradition of whom still existed, that her favourite and frequent exclamation was, " Oh, for more grace ! " Alas ! that a declension so melancholy should have followed a spiritual awakening so gracious. But God had not left Him- self without a witness. There still existed a little remnant who preserved the coal unquenched. The occasional visit of a gospel minister in quest of health, or in the providence of God, driven upon the island by stress of weather, helped to keep alive the smouldering embers of vital religion. This feeble band, who may be regarded as the conservators of evan- gelical piety in Bermuda, were wont to assemble statedly for public worship, one of their number generally reading a dis- course from '' Burder's Village Sermons." It was to meet this spiritual destitution that the thoughts of Mrs. Winslow, as ex- pressed in the following letters to her mother, were directed : — "August, 1813. I am trying very hard to send you a dear gospel minister to be settled in St. George's ; and I do earnestly entreat that you all will endeavour, if I succeed in obtaining one, to procure him a place to preach in until he is enabled to build a chapel. The Lord has blessed me, and I think I am called in duty to lay out what He has given me for His glorj', I think I can spare fifty pounds a year to aid the minister until he is sufficiently established, and draws around him a cons-rea-ation who will be able to afford him a proper mamtenance. I have employed several dear minis- ters to inquire for one who may be made a blessing to you all. Now, I wish to hear from you, just to know whether you can obtain a place for him to preach in, and whether you can raise a subscription to pay its expenses until I am enabled to build a chapel ; for I mean to build one myself, in God's good time ; and I trust some of my own children will stand up in it, preach- ing, from heartfelt experience, the unsearchable riches of Christ, when you and I, my precious mother, will be admiring and adoring the same Jesus in eternity. All things are pos- EFFORTS TO OBTAIN A MINISTER FOR BERMUDA. 41 sible with our God ; and great are my expectations from Him. He has put large desires in my heart, and has promised in His own word to fulfil them. You must give me a part of the garden, if you think proper; or, if that cannot be, I must purchase a piece of ground in the town. A chapel must be built where my God will be glorified and souls won to Christ. Oh, that you knew how He blesses my soul, and how much He reveals His tender love to me, so that there are moments when I am hfted above the world and feel next door to heaven ! "My dear Mother, — I cannot express to you, though I hope you feel it also, the comfort and consolation I derive from seeing my eternal interest in Christ and in the love of God as my Covenant Father. How great, how unspeakably great are our privileges, and how glorious the prospect we have before us ! Jesus will never leave nor forsake those who put their trust in Him. I have been praying much for you all lately, with respect to your spiritual welfare, that the Lord would fill your hearts with peace and joy in believing, and lift you above this poor, fleeting, perishing world. I am doing my utmost to get you a minister, but none are willing to leave their native land." At a later date she adds : — " I am doing my best to procure a minister to send to you, but I find it more "difficult than I expected, as those who are good prefer remaining at home, and I will not send you an indifferent one. However, let us trust the Lord, and in His own good time He will provide one." The following note, addressed to Mrs. Winslow, from the late excellent and venerable Rev. George Burder, author of the " Village Sermons," just alluded to, manifests the interest he felt in this missionary effort. "My Dear Friend,— "London, May, 18U. " I have not been unmindful of Bermuda. I men- tioned it at a meeting where many ministers were present, and begged to be informed if they could hear of any. There is no person so hkely to speak to as Mr. Thomas Wilson, of Islington. But, indeed, all the academies are jealous of trans- ferring their students from their original destination, being sup- ported by the public. I will still make inquiry, and hope, sooner or later, we shall succeed. I will call upon you if I can, but my hands are more than full — I cannot do half my business. " I am, Madam, yours in the Lord, George Border." 42 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. From among a large number of candidates who had pre sented themselves, one at length was deemed suitable for the appointment, and was accepted. The Rev. H. H. Cross and his wife embarked on this interesting mission, and arrived safe at Bermuda, amid the cordial and afiectionate greetings of the little Christian band of whom he was to assume the pastoral oversight. The chapel was completed, and dedicated to the worship of God, in connexion with a remarkable and thrilling incident, strikingly illustrative of His gracious and all-govern- ing Providence. The interesting narrative to which we refer, will be found below, in a letter from the Rev. Mr. Cross, ad- dressed to the Rev. John Arundel, of the London Missionary Society.* * ''St. George's, Bermuda. June 20, 1821. " I am liapp}' to inform you, my dear brother, that our chapel was opened on the ] 3th of April, under peculiar circumstances of gratitude and delight towards Him who conducts all things after the counsel of His own will. " Previous to its opening, my mind was a great deal exercised respect- ing the service of that important day. I had no brother to whom I could say, ' Come and help me:' I stood alone; and my feelings often overwhelmed me. My fears, however, were very singularly dispersed by our kind and ever gracious God. On Saturday, previous to the 13th, a ship appeared in sight otf the island, hoisting signals of distress : and a report was soon circulated, ' that she was full of passengers and seve- ral Methodist parsons, in a state of starvation ; six months from Liver- pool, bound for New York.' I immediately thought on Mr. AA^ard ; and by referring to the Magazine, found that the time of his sailing from Liverpool to the United States exactly corresponded. I went up the signal hill, where all vessels are seen, and looked with an anxious eye towards the ship, hoping and fearing that Mr. Ward might be on board. On my return, however, I found from a friend who had just heard from New York, that Mr. W. had been there, and was then about to return to England. On Sabbath afternoon, the ship, with great difficulty, came witliin anchorage off tlie island. Some of my friends went with pro- visions on board, and found the passengers in great distress, yet filled with consolation, and manj'- of them with 'joy and peace in believing.' As the passengers were no strangers to the language of Canaan, my friends were soon introduced to the Rev. Duncan Dunbar, a Baptist minister, his wife and four children; Rev. Mr, Grey, a Presbyterian minister, and his interesting wile (to us particularly so, because we soon learnt that she had been brought to the saving knowledge of the truth from the circumstances of the voyage) ; and Mr. AYest, a teacher, a very pious young man, and son to Rev, Mr. West, of Dublin. They stated, in brief, the distressing circumstance to my friends, who could not then listen to their ' Tale of woe' before they came for some fresh supplies (circumstances prevented the missionaries from landing on the Sabbath, and my duties from seeing them that evening). It appeared they had CHAPEL OPENED IN ST. GEORGe's. 43 The subject of colonial slavery has happily ceased to rouse those feehngs of horror and indignation, which at one time stirred the Enghsh mind to its centre, by the universal and been at sea nearly six months : for four months they had been on the allowance of five potatoes per day, and for three weeks the Missionaries had scarcely a drop of water in their mouths : such were the cries of many children on board, that they were obliged to deny themselves what they could only obtain from the clouds, to satisfy the thirst of the little ones. They were, however, in good health ; and were constrained to say, 'Though we have had nothing, we have possessed all things.' "'J he Divine presence had evidently blessed the labours of these de- voted servants of Jesus to the hopeful conversion of several. " P]arly on Monda}- morning I went off with several of my friends to the ship, and was soon in the midst of this interesting Mission family. I found them perfectly happy, yea, rejoicing in the prospect of meeting some Christian friends in a strange country. " During their stay with us, we had our new chapel opened. Mr. Dunbar preached in the morning, from Gen. xxviii. 17, and Mr. Grey in the evening, from Zecli. xiv. IG. 17, to a very crowded and attentive congregation. The collection amounted to eighty dollars. Our friends remained with us nearly three weeks, and their circumstances and labours made a deep impression on many. One evening after Mr. D. had delivered an excellent and faithful sermon from Acts, vii. 34, the Collector of the Customs went to one of my friends, and begged that his name might be put down for doubloons, (£21 6s. 8d currene}^) for the general catastrophe, which, he observed, has been so gratefully remembered by the stranger this evening. In tlie morning we waited on him to return our thank.s, and to say, that as the government liad given orders that the passengers should all be taken care of, and for- warded to New York hy the first vessel, we begged to decline his kind otier. (-n stating, however, the great object of Mr. D.'s mission, and showing him his case which was strongly recommended by most of the ministers in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Liverpool, and particular!}' by a written recommendation from Dr. Chalmers. < whom the Collector knows,) he ver}' generously presented Mr. D. with the sum for the object of his mission, adding, ' When you arrive at New Brunswick, show your case to several gentlemen (whose names he gave Mr. D.) ; and give my re- spects to them, and tell them to look at your book ; and say, I hope to hear from you that they have followed my example. God bless you, and give you success.' "\Ye obtained also, from other friends, subscrip- tions to the amount of £40, besides clothing and necessaries for tlie voyage. Every day rendered them more endearing to the friends of Jesus in this place. Fain could we have said, ' Abide with us, for tliere is room;' and glad would they have been to .sa}^, ' We will continue with you ;' but the piercing cry of the red men of the wood.s, ' No white man teach red man ' had penetrated their hearts. ' For these,' said they, ' we have left all : and for these we must leave you.' Tiiej'" left us on Good Friday, and we are daily expecting to hear of their arrival." 44- MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. entire extinction of the monstrous evil. In the Bermudas, as in all the West-India Islands, slavery of course existed. By a legislative law of the islands, however, the importation of slaves was strictly prohibited. To this enactment, as also to the benevolent feelings for which Bermudian society was pro- verbial, may be attributed the mitigated and mild form Avhich slavery in this colony assumed. If in any place involuntary servitude appeared divested of its more repulsive features, it was here. But prune and mod- erate the evil as you may — lighten its yoke, and gild its chain— lessen its toil, and call it by mild and gentle names, — " Slavery, thou art a bitter draught ! " It is a system contrary to all the tender instincts of our nature, is at war with the genius of Christianity, and is opposed by every sentiment and feeling of true religion and virtue. Familiar as Mrs. Winslow was, from childhood, with this species of servitude, she yet never was wholly reconciled to the monstrous principle of holding property in man. On reaching her majority, she found herself the owner of two domestic slaves ; but although lapsing to her by inheritance, it will appear that she was ill at ease in her possession ; in this sentiment she was strengthened by the best feelings and efforts of her husband. An illustra- tion of this may here be given : — A poor free negro man hastened one day to Captain Winslow, in the greatest dis- tress, and informed him that his wife and children, who were slaves, were on the eve of being sold to another master, with the prospect of their removal from the island, and in all proba- bility their separation from him for ever. He came to request his sympathy and aid in rescuing them from so distressing a fate. His appeal met with a cordial and instantaneous re- sponse. Not a moment was to be lost. Seizing his sword, and adjusting it as he passed through the streets, accompanied by the anxious negro. Captain Winslow hastened to the auction mart. The sale had commenced. There stood the poor trem bling woman and her children, for whom a large sum had already been offered. Captain Winslow instantly became a competitor. The contest grew warm. Observing his deter- mination to purchase, the price rose to an enormous sum. At this juncture, the terror-stricken father approached him, and said, " Massa, do not bid any more ; I shall never be able to repay you, Massa." '' Never mind, Ben," was the answer. At length victory decided in his favour, and he bore away in MANUMITS HER SLAVES. 45 triumph the slave-wife, mother, and little ones, restoring them FREE to the dehghted and grateful husband and parent. "I shall never be able to repay jou, Massa," was the exclamation of the poor negro. "No matter if you cannot," was all the reply of one, Avhose heart had already fovmd its full reward in the generous impulse it had cherished, and in the pure happi- ness it had conferred. Mrs. Winslow's views on this subject may be gathered from the following letter to her mother : — " I wish, my dear mamma, to give my two negroes, Ben and John, their freedom. I cannot bear the idea of having slaves. But if you think it most for their good to keep them in my service, I will have their freedom made out, so that at my death they may not be liable to be sold or made slaves. I sometimes think, that to give such a poor creature as John his freedom now, (in other words to cast him off,) he would soon go to ruin. But still I would desire so to manage things as to make him free whenever he can maintain himself, and to secure his freedom now in case I should be called home," It is almost needless to add that her directions were im- mediately and fully complied with. And yet it was one of her bitterest self-accusations, as from the close of her pilgrimage she looked upon its past, that she had ever been the involun- tary possessor of a slave. It is true, they were inherited and not j)urchased — were kindly treated, justly remunerated, and ultimately freed ; yet, as the shadows of eternity deepened around her, this solemn background of human life brought out in bolder relief the circumstances and events of bygone years, and she was known to weep and humble herself before God, for her past participation in an evil which now appeared in a light so sinful, and in a character so abhorrent. The spiritual mind will sympathize with the exercises de tailed in the following letter. To her Mother. — " Oh that I could commit, with my soul, all my temporal concerns into the hands of my covenant God, and feel that He who has the hearts of all men at His com- mand will give me all things, and do all things necessary for me ! for Jesus will ' do all things well.' Pray, my precious mother, that He would increase my faith, for I need it every hour and every moment of the day. I often go to Him w^ith the intention of casting all my cares upon Him, but as often bring them away again. Oh, how far, how very far do I fall short of what a true Christian ought to be ! I grieve and 46 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. lament my shortcomings, and long to evince myself, by prac- tice as well as by profession, a lowly follower of Jesus Christ ; and He, I trust, with whom all things are possible, will enable me to overcome and be more than conqueror. All my hope is in Him, my eye is up to Him ; and He has promised that he will in nowise cast out. Pray for me." In the extract which follows, we trace the early workings of that simple, yet strong faith — a faith all the stronger because so childlike — for which her whole Christian life was so remark- able. It records, too, one of those providential interpositions which so frequently appear in her history. Her eldest son had recently left her, on a visit to Bermuda, and she thus writes to her mother : — " I long to hear from my precious child, but still I am not so uneasy about him as you and others would imagine ; for I know who commands the winds and the waves, and I know also who has said, If you ask anything in my 7iame, it shall be granted you. So you see the Lord calls me to walk by faith, and He gives me faith to trust Him, to His own praise and glory. I awoke last night and discovered my room on fire — three of my children were with me. I had prayed that the Lord would watch over me and mine, and not forgetting you and B , and keep us from danger. He heard my petition. I awoke just in time to save myself and family from being burnt. It was occasioned by a spark falling from the rushlight upon the dressing-table, which set fire to the wainscot and the table, which were burning when I awoke. I extinguished the fire, opened the door to let the smoke escape — for both rooms were filled — without alarming the family, and retired to bed again to meditate on the goodness of God to such an un- worthy creature. Has He not said that His angels encamp round about His people ; and have I not reason to believe Him and bless Him for all His mercies ? So you see, my be- loved mother, that you have no occasion to be uneasy about me, for I am in very precious hands. I only grieve that I make no greater progress in the Divine life. But what a mercy to be in the way to heaven ; and sure I am that He who has put me in that way will keep me there until the time comes to call me to partake of those blessings He has purchased for me with the precious price of His own blood." But a dark cloud was now gathering over her domestic hap- piness. The remarkable grace we have seen developing itself ILLNESS OF HER HUSBAND. 47 in the infancy of her Christian hfe, was about to pass through the crucible. The precious faith, so richly bestowed, was now to be tried as by fire. And, perhaps, from this period of her history may be dated the commencement of those disciplinary dealings of her Heavenly Father, which gave such a decided impress and complexion to her future life ; and to the salutary influence of which may be attributed that completeness and mellowness of Christian character, for which she afterwards became so eminent. The affliction to Avhich we now refer, was the renewed and alarming illness of her husband, the circum- stances of which, and the exercises of her mind on the occa- sion, she thus details ; — " My dearest Mamma, — * London, Aug. 22, 1813. " I know it will distress you to hear that my be- loved husband is again laid on a bed of sickness, perhaps the bed of death. He was getting better, and was looking as well as ever he did ; but I thought the Lord would bring him low to save his soul. The world and worldly people were alluring him from all his good resolutions. On Tuesday even- ing I took a short walk with him, and then left him in good health, to go to the House of God. On my return, I Avas told that he had retired. I had stopped to visit a dying saint, and thus made it late before I returned. As soon as he heard me, he called me from the head of the stairs, to come to him. I found him pale and trembling, for just as he was stepping into bed, he coughed and raised blood. I sent for the physician, and endeavoured to tranquillize his mind. The doctor came, but said it was so little he would not bleed him, and after tak- ing something prescribed, he composed himself to sleep. The next morning he appeared as well as usual, and came down stairs. But about twelve o'clock the dreadful hcemorrhage returned rapidly, I sent off for another physician, a Christian man. They took nearly a quart of blood from his arm. The ha3morrhage then abated for about an hour, when it returned again, and continued off and on until five o'clock. My dear- est mother, how you would have felt to have witnessed the agony of his distressed mind. He said there was no hope for him — that he had neglected the day of salvation, and the Lord would have no mercy on his soul. He implored me to pray for him continually. I did pray. I spoke to him of the love of Jesus, and entreated him to call upon Him who had prom- 48 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. ised that those who came to Him he would in nowise cast out. He hung upon every word I said, and repeated, 'Oh, that I had but taken your advice !' He could not speak much, but I continued to repeat to him every precious promise as well as I was able. He now lies between life and death. But while there is life there is hope. The doctors have some hopes to-night that he may recover. The sight of the children threw him into great agitation. Two hours ago he exclaimed, 'Jesus, blessed Jesus ! manifest Thyself to me I' It was the first prayer I ever heard him utter ; and I doubt not but Jesus has heard it, too. The physician spoke sweetly to him, and im- plored him to continue to call upon the Lord until He answered him. Mr. Stewart has also been with him, and endeavoured to lead him to Jesus. We have just been at prayer by his bed-side, and I am now writing close by him. " This, my precious mother, has been, and is, a trying time to me ; but the Lord, ever faithful to His promise, is with me, and gives me strength according to my day. Fear not for me ; God is my Father ; He watches over me, and will not afflict me beyond what he will give me strength to bear ; and 1 trust, if it is the Lord's will. He will again restore him. I have entreated him not to think of me or of his children, but only to think of his own soul. I read and pray, and watch over him, and am scarcely a moment from, his side. He says, if he is but spared, how differently will he live. Oh, that Jesus may hear my prayer, and cause his soul to rejoice. '■'■Friday nighty 23. — My precious Winslow has had a good night, and has continued so throughout the day. The bleed- ing has not returned, but the physician says he is not out of danger. He says nothing, for he is not allowed to speak ; but I trust he thinks the more. We have just been at prayer by his side. Good Mr. Baker engaged in prayer, and all the fam- ily, as usual, attended. May the Lord in mercy hear our prayers ! My spirits, which for two days and nights have been wonderfully supported, to-night a little flagged, and a trifling thing threw me into tears. I have everything to be thankful for ; but my mind has been on the full stretch, and weeping nov.^ is a relief. But I am, thank God, well, and have no fear but for the salvation of my precious husband's immortal soul. Oh, may he be led, in this affliction, to seek Jesus with all his heart ! " 24. — Thank God, he is better to-day. Oh, may this warn ILLNESS OF HER HUSBAND. 49 him to flee from the wrath to come ! but I am afraid it will not suflQce. His distress is not occasioned, I fear, by sin committed against a holy, good, and righteous God, but from a fear of death. However, the Lord knows best how to work upon the sinner's heart, and I trust He will save his soul. " Saturday afternoon. — The physician has seen Winslow, and says he thinks he will do well. He implored him to pray to the Physician of souls, who knew his heart, and could read there his desires. I am rejoiced you have Miss M with you : I doubt not, from what Mr. S. tells me, she is a child of God, and knows what it is to be born again. May she prove a real blessing to you. Tell her I love her, because she be- longs to the fold of Jesus, and for her attachment to you. May the Lord, whom we serve, strengthen your heart to persevere in the blessed cause, and to show to all about you what great things he has wrought in your soul ! Broad is the road to destruction, and many go therein ; narrow is the road that leads to glory, and there are few, comparatively, who find it — happy few ! And, oh, what a mercy that he has guided our feet there ! Our souls and bodies ought to be de- voted to Him, to glorify Him for His distinguishing grace ; for what are we more than others, that He should fix His everlasting love upon us while we were dead in trespasses and in sins ? But He will have mercy upon whom He will have mercy. Blessed, for ever blessed, be His adored name. Oh, for grace to serve Him better, and to love Him more ! We love Him^ because He first loved its. Our love is the effect, and not the cause, of His love to us. " Sept. 3. — I know it will please you to have a line, especially as I can tell you my dearest Winslow is mending as fast as I could wish. May grace be as thriving in his soul as health is in his body ! I am strong, and in good spirits ; for my Friend above reigneth, and He has enabled me to cast every weight of care upon Him. I have everything to praise Him for ; for goodness and loving-kindness follow me all my days. Mrs. said to me the other day, " What a blessing it is, situated as you are, that you are religious ! ' She might have said, 'What a blessing it is that God is your Friend ! ' Oh, the sweets of religion 1 To know the Lord Jesus is our Friend, surpasses every earthly good, and is better than the possession of a thou- sand worlds. To have Him to go to, — to lay before Him all our wants, to express our fears, to plead his promises, and to 3 50 MEMOIR OF MKS. MARY WIXSLOW. expect that because He has promised He will fulfil, — is worth more than all the world can give. His ear is ever open to the prayer of his people, and, * Though hell and death obstruct the way, The weakest saint shall win the day.' "My precious husband begins to understand and to love the truth. He who has begun a good work, will complete it in him. He loves and admires Mr. Sheppard, our worthy clergy- man, who regularly visits us once a fortnight ; and although Winslow does not say much, he listens with the profoundest attention to everything of a serious nature when we have any religious friends with us." Thus, the dark cloud, enshrouding her domestic happiness, and which for a while wore an aspect so threatening, was in a measure removed. The pious physician, to whom allusion is made in the preceding extracts, merits a passing notice. The gentleman referred to, was the late Dr. James Hamilton, a name as sacred to religion as it w^as dear to science. The pe- culiar and salutary influence of the Christian physician was, perhaps, never more strikingly illustrated than in the case of Dr. Hamilton. Everywhere, and on all occasions, he was the man of God ; but nowhere did his Christianity shine with so rich a lustre as by the side of the sick bed. On one occasion, when allusion was made to the happy results of a prescription, with lowliness he remarked, that he "never prescribed a rem- edy imaccompanied with a prayer for the Divine blessing upon its use." It was frequently his habit, extensive as was his practice, to spend five minutes in prayer, before retiring from the sick room, thus leaving upon the mind of his patient a most soothing, healthful influence.* What an incalculable blessing may such an individual be ! The Christian physician * A marble tablet, erected to his memory in the City Road Chapel, thus truthfully records his many Christian virtues : "His religion was exhibited in his medical profession, in his family, in his general inter- course with societ}', in the sweetness and amiability of his temper, in the habitual composure and happiness of his life, and pre-eminentl}' in his Catholic spirit, which led him to love all who feared God, without any distinction of sect or party. He ascribed his eminent success in his professional efforts to the power of God in answer to prayer: and he hved and died with the abiding conviction of his own unworthiness as a sinner, and of the sufficiency of a Saviour's righteousness, at the good old age of eighty-six." INFLUENCE OP CHRISTIAN PHYSICIANS. 51 is begirt with opportunities of usefulness, to which the gospel minister can scarcely aspire. The clergyman is, in most in- stances, the last attendant of a sick room thought of, the last summoned, and often when too late to be of any essential avail — the patient, perhaps, worn by fever, racked with agony, or stupified by anodynes. But the Christian physician is the constant attendant ; he possesses the ear, the confidence, and the grateful regard of the sick person. "Without awaking a needless suspicion of danger, and thereby producing undue ex- citement, he can direct the languid eye to the good and great Ph3'sician of tlie soul, and tell of His blood, the only remedy for the mind's malady. Thus, like his divine Master, whom of all others he most closely resembles, he may travel from ward to ward in this vast hospital, " healing all manner of diseases, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom." Who, as he accompanies Dr. Hamilton to the bedside of the sinking and alarmed patient, and marks his affectionate fidelity and Christian concern for the higher interests of the soul, feels not a desire that a vocation so ennobled as a science, and so purely benevolent as a profession, might be universally sanctified and consecrated by religion ? Mrs. Winslow's ecclesiastical views at this period may be gathered from the following letter to her mother : — " We are going on as usual, so that there is nothing impor- tant to tell you. My rehgious pursuits are my greatest delight; and I can truly say, religion's ways are to me ways of pleas- antness, and all its paths are peace. I had a long conversation with Mr. the other day on this subject ; but as I am not a member of his communion, and dishke much I see in it, and as he is very bigoted to his own views, we, of course, cannot in many things agree. But, lest you should wonder wherein we differ, it will be necessary to say it is only on church gov- ernment and ordinances ; and as he sees not with the Church of England, while I remain in it, he thinks I act wrong. But as I see so many errors in his, I will remain where I am until I find a purer and more perfect branch of Christ's church. I hear the gospel in its greatest purity and excellence, and next to communion with God, it is my greatest comfort and joy to wait upon the preaching of the word. Hardly any weather keeps me at home.'' Warmly attached, however, as she was to the Established Church, to which she then belonged, her soul, panting for the 52 MEMOIR OF MRS. MARY WINSLOW. living water, could slake its thirst at any channel through which it flowed. She delighted, therefore, to attend the weekly ministration of ministers of Christ, other than those of her own church ; and regularly once a-week she walked a mile to Islington Chapel, where her soul was often refreshed by its services. The eminent provincial ministers, who at this period supplied in rotation the pulpits of Tottenham