BX 9211 .F77 F52 1901 \ Averill, William H. A history of the First Presbyterian Church, » — ^ "- ! >- o u- y: z < u. O X U ct ID X O Qi >- oa UJ h- (A) — I H A HISTORY OF THE First Presbyterian Church FRANKFORT KENTUCKY TOGETHER WITH THE Churches in Franklin County IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ^*<^^1 grace. A number of ministers from North Carolina and other States came to Kentucky about this time, and the Presbytery, owing to the increased number of churches and the great extent of territory, which had no definite limits on the south and west, and covered the settle- ments north of the Ohio River, with the consent of the Synod of Virginia was divided into three Presbyteries, Transylvania, West Lexington and Washington. The latter included the churches in Kentucky east of the Licking River and those north of the Ohio. West Lex- ington included those west of the Licking, south of the Ohio and east of the Kentucky River, while Transyl- vania covered the territory west of the Kentucky, includ- ing Indiana and Tennessee. This was in 1799, about sixteen years after the advent of David Rice, the first missionary of our Church to enter Kentucky, and the number of Presbyterian ministers had increased to twenty-six. On October 14th, 1802, by authority of the General Assembly, the Synod of Kentucky was formed. The organization took place in Lexington, and the opening sermon was preached by Rev. David Rice,* who was chosen Moderator. The total number of ministers within its bounds was thirty-seven. Seventeen only were present, to-wit : From Transylvania, David Rice, Samuel Finley, Matthew Houston and Samuel Robin- son. From West Lexington, James Crawford, Samuel Shannon, Isaac Tull, Robert Marshall, James Blythe, James Welch, Joseph P. Howe, John Lyle and Samuel Rannells. From Washington, James Kemper, John * Isaiah viii. 20. 20 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. P. Campbell, Richard McNemar and John Thompson. These seventeen ministers, with thirteen ruling elders present, constituted the first Synod of Kentucky. It was not until the year 1814 that the Synod of Ohio was organized, holding its first meeting in Chillicothe on the last Thursday of October, and from thenceforth the Ohio River constituted the northern boundary of the Synod of Kentucky. In 1816 the Synod asked authority from the General Assembly to make another division, and in 1817 the Synod of Tennessee was formed, thus confining the territory of the Synod of Kentucky to State lines. Of all the ministers who aided in the formatioti and earl}- building of the Presbyterian Church in Kentiicky, for wisdom, orthodoxy and advocacy of good order, for amount of labor done and good results accomplished, T\ev. David Rice easily stands pre-eminent. He was born in Hanover County, Mrginia. in December. 1733; was licensed in 1762; labored in Mrginia twenty-one years, and in Kentucky thirty-two years. He died at his home in Green County in 1816. at the age of eighty- three years. It is estimated that in the fifty years of his active labors fully one hundred thousand persons heard from his lips the Gospel in its simplicity, presented with power, and in unmistakable terms.''' His name and his good work should be held in grate- fid remem])rance by all Presbyterians, and especially by those of Kentucky, ft is gratifying to note that the two Synods of Kentucky, in just though tardy recogni- tion of his eminent worth and services, inaugurated in "' Bishop's Memoirs. F.AKLV HISTORY OF CHURCH IN KENTUCKY. 21 the year 1889 a movement to raise a suitable monument to his memory. This after some years' delay was finally erected and dedicated. Of some of the other ministers of that early period, co-laborers of " Father Rice," mention will be made in another chapter, in connection with the history of the Benson Churches of Franklin County, where they min- istered, one as pastor, others as regular or occasional supplies. o •n c ■V •V m CO m z C/) O O r: CHAPTER II. UPPER BENSON CHURCH. The beginning of organized Presbyterianism in what is now Franklin County was in the year 1795, the date of the formation of Hogsett Church, or, as it was after- ward known, " The Upper Benson Church," by which latter name it was entered upon the roll of Louisville' Presbytery. Among the earliest settlers of this section was IVIr. Thomas Paxton, who came out from Virginia in 1788. He first went to McAfee Station, in the vicinity of which he remained for a few months, and then located his future home on a tract of land on the waters of Little Benson Creek, which now forms a part of the southern boundary of Franklin County. His title to the tract was covered by a military claim or warrant, granted for services in the Revolutionary War, and was signed by Benjamin Harrison, Governor of Virginia, dated A.D. 1784, " and in the year of the Commonwealth the eighth," and embraced one thousand acres. The survey included land on both sides of the creek for about one mile. It was at that time a beautiful perennial stream, fed by numerous fine springs and nourished by the primeval forests through which it flowed. In this matter Mr. Paxton showed wisdom and foresip"ht, for thereby he secured the control of the water privilege, which subsequently became a great factor in his devel- opment of the section. After selecting a site for his home and erecting a house, (a two-story, hewed-log 26 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. building of four rooms,) making a clearing and putting in a crop, he returned to his native place in Rockbridge County, Virginia, and married Miss Rebecca Hogsett, with whoni he returned to his new Kentucky home in April, 1790. Mr. Paxton was a man of great energy and force of character, and, although still under thirty years of age, was skilled in mechanics, which accomplishment was of great service in the new country, where conveniences were few and skilled v»^orkmen rare. After establishing his home, being a devout Presby- terian, Mr. Paxton felt the absence of the stated means of grace, and immediately took steps to secure the ben- efits of the preached Gospel, and to eventually establish a church of his own faith and order. Looking in the direction, of the churches of New Providence, Harrods Station and vicinity, then the principal source of relig- ious influence in this section, he secured the visits of a number of ministerial brethren, who held religious serv- ices in this neighborhood. Upon these occasions the settlers within reach would assemble, upon notification, at the Paxton place, where the services were usually held. Am.ong the ministers who thus visited and preached here in 1792-3 was Rev. Cary H. Allen,* one of the young missionaries sent out by the Synod of Virginia. He labored two years among the scattered congrega- tions, and then settled as pastor of the churches of Paint Lick and Silver Creek, where, after a brief pastorate, he died in 1795. He was a graduate of Hampden Sidney, a very p()])ular and acceptable preacher, greatly beloved Minutes of Session. UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 27 by all classes of the people, and very successful in his ministry. His death was universally deplored, as men of his talents and popular gifts were greatly needed at the time.* Rev. William Calhoun, who came to Kentucky with Rev. Gary Allen, as a missionary sent out by the Synod of Virginia in 1787, and who labored for some years in this Presbytery, " preached for this people from time to time." t Although a young man, he was a very solemn and impressive preacher, and bore a very high character for godliness and consistency. He finally settled as pastor of the churches at Ash Ridge and Cherry Springs, which he served for several years, and then returned to A'irginia, where he lived and labored to an advanced age. * Rev. Samuel Shannon, pastor at that time of the Woodford Church, visited and preached regularlv for the people of Little Benson. The section was rapidly filling up with settlers, and in the spring of 1795, the way seeming clear, a Presbyterian Church was organ- ized in Mr. Paxton's house. Rev. Samuel Shannon was the officiating minister, and Thomas Paxton and Robert Amistrong were chosen ruling elders, f Steps were immediately taken for the erection of a house of wor- ship. Mr. Paxton set apart, on the extreme western end of his tract, a suitable site for church purposes. This was on elevated ground, overlooking for some distance the valley of Benson, and about a mile from his residence. In the fall of the same year a comfortable building * Bishop's Memoirs. f Minutes of Session. 28 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. was finished and occupied by the httle flock. The house was a neat structure of hewed logs, compactly built and closely joined with mortar, twenty-eight by forty feet in size. The work was done by the neighbors and friends, and out of materials near at hand, from the foundation of stone to the wooden pins which held in place tiie shingles of the roof. The location was admirably chosen, beautiful for sitviation, and acces- sible to the more thickly settled country west of it, anrl towards the village of Lawrenceburg, five miles away. This building served the needs of the congre- gation during its entire existence. After a few years, hov/ever, improvements were added. The entire out- side was sheathed with weatherboarding, and the inte- rior lathed and plastered. The pulpit was moved from the side to the end of the building, opposite the entrance. A schoolhouse was built near by and facing the front door, and an inclosure made for a burial ground. This building stands to this day, and is a monument to honest materials and good work. The tim])ers remain soiind, the framing of the doors, windows and roof, held together by wooden pins, are intact, and the mortar (one of the lost arts) is harder than stone itself. Emigrants in large numbers coming to the ^'tate, this section was rapidly filling up with settlers, and the land was all occupied speedily, although it was not as yet to any great extent inclosed. There were no public roads, and bridle paths through the woods and along the water courses were the highways of communica- tion to those able to ride, while many, less fortunate, had to walk. Notwithstanding this, some who habit- ually attended the churcli walked five to six miles to enjoy its j)rivileges, and one worthy mother carried her UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 29 infant that distance. In developing the material inter- ests of the neighborhood, Mr. Paxton, in addition to a tannery and sawmill on the stream, bnilt and equipped a grist mill, which was from the beginning a success, as these conveniences were much needed throughout the country, and at once superseded the family hand mills and rude appliances for grinding corn. This " Paxton's Mill '' became a noted mill seat, a place of resort for many miles around, and especially when it was greatly enlarged and improved for grinding wheat, when it was for a time the only flouring mill within a large radius, supplying even Frankfort in part for a period with its products. All these public improvements added materially to tlie growth and development of the community, and consequently to that of the church. Though not able to employ a minister for all his time, there was preaching with some regularity bv passing brethren, and by others who were induced from time to time to come for special four days' services. Among these were Rev. William Mahon, * Samuel Shannon,* Samuel Rannells,* Dr. John P. Campbell* and Samuel B. Robertson.* A number of additions to the church at this time included some families from the '' lower neighborhood," as it was called, among whom were William Boyd and Robert Hamilton, who were elected elders and added to the session of this church. About 1800 and 1801. during the religious excite- ment which prevailed throughout the State and country, " this little church shared, in common with the others, some of the calamities as well as the blessings for which * Minutes of Session. 30 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. that period was noted." '^' Owing, however, to the coun- sels and influence of Rev. Samuel Rannells, together with the wisdom, prudence and firmness of the session^ the church was spared the schism which rent many others. In the history of our country there have been several noted and widespread revivals of religion. The first, in 1 741, was known as the " Great Awakening," whenWhitefield came to America and preached through- out the colonies from Massachusetts to Georgia. Jona- than Edwards in New England, the Tennants in the middle sections, and other eminent preachers i'-" Virginia and the Caroli'ias, were engaged in the work, which continued for several years. Under the influence of this revival many of our noted colleges were founded^ in which was trained that noble generation of Presby- terians which acted such a prominent part in the stir- ring events of the " Revolution," and in the equally momentous and critical formative period immediately following, in which our National Constitution was constructed and adopted. The next great revival was at the time of which we write, the beginning of the nineteenth century. Beginning in this State, it spread over the whole countrv. East and West, but was more remarkable in some of its features in Kentucky than elsewhere. It seemed to be a reaction against the widespread skepti- cism and decline in spirituality throughout the land, brought about in a large degree by association with the French Army and the spread of infidel writings, as well as the demoralization consequent upon the long and soul-trying war. This was the era of " Camp-Meet- * Minutes of Session. UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 3 1 ings." which, originating in Kentucky, spread through- out all the western country, and which, notwithstanding their many objectionable features, wrought such wide- spread results for good that the movement has become known in religious history as the *' Great Revival." During the early years of the century Upper Benson Church was highly favored in having the ministrations of some wise and discreet men. One of these was Rev. vSamuel Rannells, who was one of the Synodical missionaries sent out from Virginia in 1787. He was pastor of the churches of Paris and iStoner Creek until his death in 1817. He frequently made missionary tours, confirming the weak and struggling churches, and was often a welcome visitor here. " He was a zealous and successful minister, remarkably gifted in prayer, solemn and impressive in the pulpit, always acceptable in his ministrations to the pious and intelligent Christians, but unattractive to those without the Church. He was of great service to the Presbyterian Church in this section during the perilous times alluded to, in maintaining its purity and orthodoxy, and confirming and strengthening it in the faith. * Another minister who occasionally, during several years, preached here was Dr. John P. Campbell. He came from Virginia while yet a lad, and was one of the first pupils in Transylvania Grammar School, under the teaching of Rev. David Rice. He completed his edu- cation at Hampden Sidney, and in 1787 was another of the party of young missionaries sent out by the Svnod of Virginia to Kentucky. His first charge was Flem- ingsburg, and he labored afterward for eighteen years * Bishop's History. 32 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. in Danville, \ersailles, Nicholasville, Lexington, Mercer and Franklin Counties. * In 1811 he officiated as chap- lain to the Kentucky Legislature. In 18 13 he removed to Chillicothe, Ohio, where he died the following year. All accounts agree that Dr. Campbell was the most bril- liant and best equipped mentally of all the preachers of Kentucky in his time. He was the author of a number of v.'orks of high merit, successfully combating the errors of the day. In an extended sketch by one who was associated with him it was said that " he was dis- tinguished as a naturalist, was an accomplished linguist, an able logician, an eloquent speaker and writer, a skilled physician, a sound and judicious divine, and a zealous and evangelical preacher of the Gospel." f Rev. Archibald Cameron, ministering to the churches at Shelbyville and Mulberry, frequently preached at Upper Benson, and held protracted meetings, and for a time supplied the pulpit regularly once a month. The " protracted meetings " were at that time seasons of great interest, and continued usually four days, with two or more ministers present. The congregations were large, for the people attended, whatever the dis- tance. Mr. Cameron studied divinity with Rev. David Rice. He came, while yet a child, with his parents from Scotland, and grew up in Nelson County. He was ordained in 1796, and after six years took charge of the Shelby Churches, which he served continuously until his death in 1836. With these churches as a center, his labors extended over the neighboring coun- ties. He was a preacher of great eloquence and power, and as a sound and doctrinal divine had no superior in * Bishop's History. f Bishop's Memoirs. UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 33 the Synod, In the troublous discussions and schisms of the early church he was always found on the side of orthodoxy and good order, and was of great service to all those to whom he ministered in maintaining- them in the purity of their faith. * In 1806 Rev. Samuel Shannon severed his connection with the Woodford Church and removed to Franklin County, where he became pastor of Upper Benson and Lower Benson Churches. The latter had been recently organized, a number of persons, including Robert Arm- strong, an elder, having been dismissed by Upper Ben- son to aid in its formation. Mr. Shannon served these churches until the outbreak of the War of 181 2, when he entered the army as chaplain of one of the Kentucky regiments. He was a graduate of Princeton under the pre.'^idency of Dr. Jonn Witherspoon, and was one of the first three ministers of our Church who settled north of the Kentucky River in this territory. After the war he engaged in missionary work, mostly north of the Ohio River, though still retaining his home here. In 1822, while on one of his tours in Indiana, he contracted a fever, and was met on his returning journey by his family just in time to receive his dying blessing. He was a zealous and indefatigable minister, but owing to an awkward and unattractive manner and hesitancy of speech, he was not a popular preacher. He was a man of immense frame and great physical power, and many stories were rold of his wonderful feats of strength and prowess during the war, in which, although a chaplain, he took an active part in the fighting. He was very highly esteemed for his uniform kindness of heart and * Bi.shop's Memoirs. 34 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. good nature, and was always a welcome guest. His remains were buried at Upper Benson church, where his monument still stands under the shadow of this historic old building. After JMr. Shannon's departure the church was in a low state of life and activity for several years. A number of the prominent members had left the neigh- borhood, and Mr. Thomas Paxton, one of the elders, had temporarily removed his membership to Frankfort, to assist in organizing a church there. The congrega- tion had to again depend upon irregular supplies, and those sent occasionally by Presbytery to hold four days' meetings and administer the sacraments. Following the " Great Revival," which began with the century and con- tinued several years, there had come (as is usually the case) a great spiritual dearth in all the churches, many of them receiving very few or no accessions at all for ten or fifteen years. Among the ministers who came to the help of the church at this period was Rev. EH Smith, of Frankfort, who was in 1824 induced to supply the pulpit statedly once a month. * Shortly after this the church took on a new lease of life and activity. It was about the time of the beginning of another " Revival Rpoch " in the Church at large. Under the influence of this awakening Upper Benson Church was reorgan- ized. Mr. James Miller and James Hutton were made ruling elders. Mr. Thomas Paxton brought back his membership from Frankfort and was again added to the session, and a considerable number of persons were added to the membership. Rev. Eli Smith was largely instrumental in this good work, and his kind of^ces and ''^ Minutes- of Session. UPPER BENSON CHURCH 35 ministrations were never forgotten by the church. He continued to preach for it even after he had given up the Frankfort charge, and prior to his removal to Paris, in 1829. In the year 1828 this session was called upon to aid in the formation of a church in the town of Lawrenceburg, about four or five miles distant. * " This little town previous to 1828 was wholly given to ungodliness. Wickedness of almost every kind reigned unmolested, and it was impossible to induce the inhabitants to attend upon the preaching of a passing minister, and those who had formerly visited the place had become discouraged and long since ceased their visits.* In 1828 a praying man took up his resi- dence here. He engaged in family worship, and thereby attracted the notice of, and afiforded amusement to, the town, and when he appointed a public prayer meeting, none but the blacks could be induced to attend. But being a man of perseverance as well as of faith, he continued to ])ray, and after a time his prayers were answered, and scolTs and sneers were changed to tears and supplications. He arranged for a four days' meet- ing, beginning on ]\Iay 30th, 1828. The ministers pres- ent were Dr. Thomas Cleland, Reverends Smith, For- syth, and Moreland, together with the session of Upper Benson Church, in the neighborhood. With Mr. More- land as moderator, the session received upon examina- tion and profession of faith a number of persons. A deep impression was made upon the large audiences in attendance, which continued and deepened until twenty- five persons were received upon profession."* At a meeting of session a few davs later twelve "•'' Minutes of Lawrencebtirsr Church. 36 HISTORY OF" FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. more persons were added. A church was at once formed, with Fielding L. Connor and W. K. Van Arsdale, elders, and a number of persons were at the same time received by letter from the Upper Benson Church. * At a four days' sacramental meeting, conducted at Upper Benson Church in the month of June, 1829, conducted by Revs. John Jones, Andrew Shannon and James Hawthorn, a very large congregation was present, and a new enrollment of the members was made, and the following persons were received upon profession of faith: Mrs. Margerite Russell, Mrs. Julia Ann Jett, Miss Ann Black and Mrs. Margerite McGill. At a congregational meeting held shortly afterward, moder- ated by Rev. John Jones, Rev. James Hawthorn was elected pastor by unanimous vote, and duly installed by Louisville Presbytery in November following, at which time James McBrayer and Matthew Davidson were added to the session, and H. McBrayer and John H. Paxton elected deacons. Mr. Hawthorn was at the same time installed pastor of the Lawrenceburg Church, giving to each church one-half his time. On March 21st, 1830, twenty-one persons were dis- missed to the " Lower Benson Church," to aid in its reorganization, and several members were added here upon certificate, among whom were Fielding L. Connor and wife, from Lawrenceburg, and Mr. Connor, being a ruling elder, was added to the session of this church. Mr. Hawthorn resigned the pastorate in 1835, and the church was again for a time without the means of grace, except such as were supplied by Presbytery once every three months during the pleasant seasons of the * Minutes of l,a\vn'nccburar Church. UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 37 year, and preaching about once a month by the Rev. Dr. Baker, of Frankfort. Pvcv. John D. Paxton, of Shelby County, frequently visited his relatives and many friends here, upon which occasions he always preached at the church. He had recently returned from a two years' residence in Palestine and extensive travels in the Old World, a very imusual achievement at that day, and was much sought after and welcomed by the churches. Our Assembly Board of Foreign Missions had not as yet been organized, but the attention of this church had been to some extent enlisted in this cause by the A. B. C. F. Missions. Rev. Mr. Paxton was the solicit- ing agent for this Board for several years, and made regular visits and collections here for that cause. The following ministers also preached here during the interim:* M. A. Remley, H. H. Hopkins, Joseph Huber and David Todd, holding sacramental meetings by appointm.ent of the Presbytery. In 1838 Rev. D. M. Winston, who had visited and preached here while pastor of Bethel Church, removed to this church and became stated supply. During his ministry here, being in feeble health, he was often vis- ited and assisted by his intimate friend and associate, Rev. Joseph C. Stiles, with whom he had recently emi- grated from the South, and who ministered to a group of churches in Woodford County. Mr. Winston died in 1840, liavmg supplied the church about two years very acceptably. He was very highly esteenied and respected by the congregation, and his death was greatly lamented. He left a son and two daughters, all of whom are vet living. His remains were buried * Minutes of Session. 38 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. beside those of his predecessor. Rev. Samuel Shannon, the first pastor, in the Uttle God's acre on the hill. In the spring 01 1841 Rev. Ephraim K. Lynn, who had been statedly supplying Lower Benson Church, con- sented to give one-half his time to Upper Benson. This arrangement was approved by Presbytery at its regular meeting here, at which time iSIr. Lynn was duly installed, and at a congregational meeting Mr. J. A. Kellogg was added to the session. In 1842, August 1st, a protracted meeting was opened in this neighborhood, and continued ten days. It strongly resembled in some of its features the camp- meetings of the previous generation. Preparations were made on a large scale, ministers invited, and accommodations provided for distant visitors. The locality selected was Franklin Springs, formerly known as Scantlan's Springs, and afterward as the Kentucky Military Institute.'' These springs, situated on the " Harrodsburg Public Road," six miles from Frank- fort, had for years been noted for the medicinal quali- ties of the waters. FJuildings had been erected for the temporary sojourn of invalids and visitors from a dis- tance, which included a main building and two rows of cottages, ten in each, on either side. .\ large and hand- some pavilion, to be used for dancing, covered the main spring, which was surrounded by a natural amphitheater. Dr. Joseph Roberts, of Frankfort, was the physician in charge,, and the springs for a time became a popular resort. The gay and fashionable people of the neigh- borh(^od, of Frankfc^rt and Lawrenceburg, frequently resorted hither in pleasant weather for dancing parties. Now the Stewart Home UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 39 which at that time was the absorbing amusement. This was all effectually broken up by the camp-meeting, in which many of the dancers were converted, and the noted dancing master and teacher from Frankfort, a Mr. Gaitber, who came to scoff, remained to pray, made a public profession, and renounced his former calling. The services were conducted in the grove around the main spring and pavilion. The sessions of the two Benson Churches attended daily, and with Mr. Lvnn as moderator, received a large number of persons, some joining these churches and many 'going to churches -elsewhere. Mr. Lvnn resigned and removed to another State in 1843, and closed the last regular pastorate of this church. The church then had to return to the unsatis- factory arrangement of occasional supplies, without a resident shepherd. Rev. John Montgomery. John D. Paxton. Sylvester Scovill, A. A. Shannon, James Haw- thorn atid J. J. Bullock were among those who preached here in 1843 and 1844, some of them by appointment of Presbytery, the others upon invitation of the church. In June. 1844, the church sustained a great loss in the death of Mr. Thomas Paxton, one of its founders and its chief and m_osr influential elder and promoter. The funeral service was conducted by Rev. James Hawthorn, a former pastor, who also paid an eloquent tribute to M-. Paxton, which appeared in the Protestant Herald at the time, and which is given in another place in this chapter Rev. D. C. Proctor, residing in Frankfort, supplied the pulpit of Upper Benson Church during the summer of 1845, and Mr. Hawthorn, having returned to reside m Lawrenceburg. occasionally held meetings in this 40 HISTORY OF FIRST CtlUKCH, FRANKFORT. his old charge, and achninistered the ordinances. .The last minister who regularly supplied Upper Benson Church was Rev. Ben Mills, of Frankfort, who divided his time between it and Macedonia Church, Woodford County. This was in 1847. In consecjuence of deaths and removals, the member- ship of the church had become so reduced in number that in 1848 the remaining few, the elders all having died or gone elsewhere, concluded to disband. The greater part joined the Lower Benson or Franklin Church ; others, on the Anderson County side, went to Lawrenceburg, and a few united with Frankfort Church. The Upper Benson Church had been in existence about fifty years, and filled an important and influential place in its time. It was the first church organized in this countv, and the first of our faith and order in this immediate section south of the Kentucky River. Dur- ing its life it had at different times the ministrations of some of the best and most noted preachers in the State, and with few exceptions the ministers who served it were of more than average ability. Two of these died on the field, and were buried under the shadow of its walls. The eldership of Upper Benson Church, while at no time composed of educated and highly cultured men, was noted for its sturdy and unwavering adherence to orthodoxy and the distinctive principles of our Church, and owing largely to this the unity and purity of the body were maintained to the end. A large part of the records is taken up with judicial proceedings and trials of ofifending members. The principal causes of offense were habitual absence from service and " intemperate use of ardent spirits."' One case, however, between two UPPER BKNSON CHURCH. 4I prominent members, one an elder, arising from a breach of the ninth commandment, assumed such proportions that it required the presence and action of a commission of Presbytery to settle it. Another case, in 1830, of very unusual character, was for a breach of the sixth commandment of the Decalogue. The record reads: " Whereas, Mr. Wm. Johnson, a member of this church, has been arraigned before the tribunal of his country for a breach of the sixth commandment on the eighth day of February last, and by said tribunal has been found guilty, and duly condemned ; and, " Whereas, On account of some defect in the legal proceedings he has obtained a new hearing, and for this is waiting in confinement, thus being unable to appear before this session ; therefore, "Resolved, That the session will withhold its full investigation of the case and final action until the case be issued by the civil court." And the minutes show that, although W. J. did finally escape punishment, on account of some technicality, in the civil court, he was duly tried by the session, found guilty, and excluded from the church. Although the benevolent operations of our General Assembly were as yet in a formative state, and only two or three of the Boards had been organized, this little country church was in full sympathy with all such work, and contributed cheerfully to every good cause that the session allowed to be presented. Prior to the formation of our Board of Foreign Missions this church contrib- uted regularly to this cause through the American Z' Board. The session in 1830 took high ground on thy^^ ^r subject of education for the ministry. Thev may ha^^ "Sf' \^* '"s" 42 HISTORY 0[- I-IRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. in their own experience seen the need of better prep- aration for the office. The following minute is good reading for their descendants and the Church to-day: " In view of the destitution of the stated means of grace in the dispensation of the word and ordinances of (jod in our own land, and reflecting upon the con- dition of the nations of the earth still shrouded in nature's dark'ues.^ and believing that the command of the Redeemer, to make disciples of all nations, was deliv- ered to his church and is still obligatory upon it, and feeling and acknowledging that we, and all we have, are the IvOrd's, and as his stewards will ere long be required to give him a strict account of every talent, we. the session of ITpper Benson Church, do most earnestly call upon all the members of this church to take this matter into their serious and prayerful consideration. And we do further resolve, that, being a branch of Christ's Church, we are under obligations to use our exertions, as God may favor us, in training young men for the gospel ministry, and as officers of the church, according to Scriptural order, we feel it to be our duty and privi- lege to take the superintendence of this matter and press it upon the congregation. And we do now earn- estly urge upon every member of this church to con- tribute annually, as God may have prospered them, to the cause of education as operated by our General Assembly." In the history of this church one man stands out pro;iiinently as its mainstay and support. The follow- ing obittiary notice of him appeared in the Protestant Herald of June T5*:h, 1844: UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 43 " In Franklin County, at his residence, on the morn- ing of the 8th inst., Mr. Thomas Paxton, in the eighty- fourth year of his age. He had been a ruhng elder in Upper Benson Church since its organization in 1795, and may truly be said to have been the main support thereof. He was one of the few remaining soldiers of the Revolution, and lived an honest man, a sincere and •devoted Christian, and was respected and beloved by all who knew him. His funeral was attended by a very large concourse of citizens, neighbors and friends, who assembled to testify their respect to the deceased. The occasion was improved by a sermon by Rev. James Haw- thorn from the words, ' Help, Lord ; the godly man ceaseth, and the righteous fail from the earth.' " In a subsequent issue of the same paper Mr. Haw- thorn, his former pastor, has the following communi- cation : " Although indisposed to eulogize the dead or flatter the livir.g. the writer deems the death of Mr. Thomas Paxton an occasion not only justifying, but demanding a more extended notice than is common or called for in other cases. A very few vestiges remain of a gen- eration of men who were manifestly raised up and qualified bv the Disposer of all events for a momentous work. As from time to time they drop into the grave, it is wise for u= to consider carefully how they acted their part in life, that we may profit by their experience. " Mr. Paxton was born in Rockbridge County, Vir- g;inia. November 15th, 1761. Of his youthful days we have but little mform.ition. We are assured, however, that young as he was, he took an active part in the bloody yet glorious struggle by which our independ- 44 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. ence was achieved. Thoui^h not yet twenty years of age, he was present at the siege of Yorktown and the surrender of CornwalHs, and was one of the guard appointed over the person of that distinguished captive. " In the fall of 1788 he came to this country, having been married the 3'ear previously to Rebecca Hogsett. He first came to McAfee's Station, but soon after settled in the place where he closed his mortal career. This was then a wilderness, almost untrodden except by savage foot. Shortly before this time, having fought his country's battles, he had enlisted under the standard of the great Captain of salvation, and in his new resi- dence one of his first cares was to secure the enjoyment of a preached gospel. " In 1795 the Upper Benson Church was organized, and ^Ir. Paxton was made one of its ruling elders. This ofHce he continued to sustain in it until released by death. And so faithfully, zealously and acceptably did he discharge the duties of his station that he justly earned for himself the reputation of being 'the pillar of the church,' Christ being the only foundation. In the remarkable excitement which prevailed in our State about the commencement of the present century, its attendant calamities as well as blessings were felt deeply in this congregation. But in the midst of the defection of some and the confusion and consternation of nearly all, Thomas Paxton, like the faithful sentinel, was found standing fearlessly at his post, and as the judicious pilot no doubt exerted a most happy influence in guiding this little barque safely through the tempest. And having, as Caleb and Joshua, by divine grace ' followed the Lord fully,' he realized even on earth in a high degree the blessing promised to such. He was permitted to see UPnjR BENSON CHURCH. 45 all his surviving children the hopeful followers of the Lamb, to v/itness several glorious instances of the out- pouring of the Spirit of God in this region, to enjoy universally the good-will and respect of his acquaint- ances, the habitual sweets of communion with God. and the bright assurance, as he approached his death, of a place in the mansions of rest and immortal glory. ''To the church of which he was a member and officer from its organization, his death is a loss not soon to be repaired. To the neighborhood, in which for h.alf a century he has been acting the part of 'the good vSamaritan,' who shall be found to fill his place? But his family, and especially the bereaved companion of his bosom, now bowed down beneath the afflictions of life and the infirmities of age, feel most sensibly the void that has been created by his departure. Still none can murmur.- for he has descended to the grave as 'a shock of corn fully ripe in his season,' for ' he was a good man. full of the Holy Ghost and faith.' ' Mark the per- fect man, and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace.' j^ " 46 JIISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. LIST OF MINISTERS. Including those who were pastors and stated supplies,. together with otiiers who were pastors elsewhere, and supplied this church at the same time : Rev. Samuel Rannells 1799 — 1800 Dr. John B. Campbell 1800 — 1802 Rev. Archibald Cameron 1803 — 1805 Rev. Samuel Shannon i8ot) — 1812 Rev. EH Smith 1824 — 1829 Rev. James Hawthorn 1829 — 1837 Rev. D. M. Winston 1838— 1840 Rev. E. K. Lvnn 1840 — 1843 Rev. D. C. Proctor 1845 Rev. Benjamin Mills ■. 1846 — 1847 The pastors of the Frankfort Church, Rev. Drs. Edgar, Baker and Bullock, during their respective terms of office, supplied this church during the vacancies of its pulpit, preaching regularly Sabbath afternoons dur- ing the pleasant seasons of the year. Upon these occa- sions the two Benson congregations usually worshiped together. RULING ELDERS. Thomas Paxton 1795 — 1844 Robert Armstrong 1795 — 1806 Robert Hamilton 1800 — 1830 William Boyd 1800 — 1830 James Hutton 1827 — 1837 Henry Miller 1827 — 1840 Matthew Da\ idscm 1830 — 1845 James McBrayer 1830 — 1846 Fielding L. Connor 1835 — 1846 J. .\. Kellogg 1841— 1846 DEACONS. Barclay Goodwin 1841 — 1846 John H. Paxton 1841 — 1846 UPPER BENSON CHURCH. 47 LIST OF MEMBERS. Thomas Paxion. Rebecca Hogsett Paxton. James Hutton. Hannah Hutton. WilHam Boyd. Nancy Boyd. Jerry Ford. Artemesia Ford. James Paxton. John Hutton. Hamilton Crockett Abram Cofer. Barbara Cofer. Mrs. Martha Shannon. Mrs. Frances Bennett. Mrs. Margaret Latta. J. Bacon Bush. Mrs. Sarah Bush. Matthew Davidson. Elizabeth Davidson. Barclay Goodwin. Hannah Goodwin. Miss Elizabeth Paxton. Miss Jane Paxton. William Johnson. Sarah Johnson. Tames Reading. Mary Robinson. Timothy Mayhall. Esther Mayhall. Miss Mary T. Paxton. Nancy Richardson. Marguerite Alexander. Mary McKendrick. Lucy Milam. J. A. Kellogg. Mrs. Margerite McGill. Mrs. Margerite Russell. Mrs. Julia Ann Jett. Robert Armstrong. Jane Armstrong. Hankersoon Reed. Eleanor Reed. Robert Hamilton. Mary Hamilton. James McBrayer. Jane McBrayei. Elizabeth McBrayer. Hiram IMcBrayer. John .McGill. J. A. McGill. Samuel Richardson. William Rice. Mrs. Elizabeth Wash. Miss Martha Wash. Mrs. Ann Sharp. Miss Nancy Sharp. Hugh Alexander. Elizabeth Sharpe. Miss Martha Shannon. Sarah Sharp. John H. Paxton. Ellen Clark. George Williams. John Reading. George Reading. Mrs. Rebecca Richardson. Miss Rebecca Richardson. Mary Goodwin. Miss Rebecca G. Paxton. Miss Sarah E. Paxton. Miss Jane Black. Miss Jane Mayhall. Miss Ann Black. James Waddell. Mrs. Jane A. McGill. Miss Nancy Twyman. Allen Utley. 48 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Miss Susan Bush. Miss Sarah Bush. George McCormack. Samuel Reynolds. Sebritt Tracey. Charles Carter. Mrs. Elizabeth Brown. Miss Eliza Brown. James Davidson. Abraham Sharpe. Miss Elizabeth McGinnis. Mrs. Ann Sharpe. Mrs. Mary H. McGiil. Marcia McBrayer. Miss Elizabeth McBrayer. James Reed. Fielding L. Conno». Samuel Shannon. Miss Jane Hamilton. Mrs. Elizabeth McFall. Mrs. Rachel Woodbury. Mrs. Fidelia Kellogg. Miss Mary Utley. Mrs. Charles Carter. Henrietta Shannon. Miss Mary N. Connor. Mrs. Daniel Carlin. Miss Rebecca Davidson. Mrs. Frances Nelson. Miss Eliza Shannon. Miss Martha Ann Shannon. Mrs. Abigail P. Briggs. Sam (a slave). Hannah (a slave). Mahala (a slave). Nancy (a Matthew McGill. ■ John A. McGill. Henry Utley. Miss Mahala McGill. William Utley. Mar}' Shannon. Mrs. Elizabeth Lane. William Davidson. William Long. Wm. M. Sutton. Benoni Nelson. William Nelson. Charles Rice. Mrs. Pauline Baker. Mary (a slave). Ann (a slave). Mrs. Jane Connor. Norman Green. Margerite Tracey. Jane Chapman Mrs. Ann Tracey. Martha Theobald. Miss Sarah Corban. Miss Kitty .\nn Corban. Rebecca Satterwhite. Mrs. H. B. Lynn. Mrs. Nancy Utley. Miss Mary Jane Latta. Mrs. Susanna Sutton. Miss Sarah Ford. James Ford. Miss Clarissa Ford. Miss Mary Ford. Miss Elizabeth Ford. Julia Ann (a slave). slave). CHAPTER III. LOWER BENSON CHURCH. This church was formed during the early rears of the century, about 1805. The name of the officiating minister is not positively known, but several circum- stances point to Rev. Samuel Shannon as the one who acted in that capacity. Besides being' the nearest resi- dent Presbyterian minister, he had some years before this organized Upper Benson Church, and being a reg- ular visitor to that congregation, he was well and favor- ably known in this neighborhood also. Among the first members were : Robert Armstrong and Jane, his wife: John and Martha Wilson, James and Rebecca Boyd, John and Margerite Robinson, Hamilton and Frances Crockett, Elizabeth Logan, Elizabeth Milam, Mary Wilson, Catherine Bennett, Jane Kennidy, Nanc}' Arnold, Jane Boyd, Nancy McClosky, Mary Bennett, vSarah Bennett and Elizabeth Wilson. Robert Arm- strong, who had been an elder in the Upper Benson Church, was elected to the ofifice here, and with Ham- ilton Crockett constituted the first session. A house of worship, of the usual type of the period, was erected about a mile from the village of Bridgeport, four miles from Frankfort and half a mile from the public road between tlie towns of Frankfort and Louisville. Rev. Samuel Shannon from the first took in some measure the special oversight of the congregation* in connection with his work of pastor of Woodford Church. * Minutes of Session. 50 HISTORY Oi" FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Also Rev. Archibald Cameron,* of Shelbyville, and Rev. William Mahon * visited and preached here at intervals. In 1806 Mr. Shannon resigned the pastorate at Wood- ford Church, and removed to reside permanently in this neighborhood at a point between the two Benson churches, of which he then took charge as pastor, dividing his time equally between them. He continued in charge until the War of 1812 with England, at which time he resigned and entered the army as chaplain. After this for some years the church had no settled pastor, and had to depend upon such help as could be had from Presbytery and an occasional supply. Rev. Archibald Cameron, of Shelby, who was a very zealous and indefatigable minister and home missionary in this section, frequently held meetings here, and later on Rev. Eli Smith, of Frankfort, supplied the congrega- tion regularly in the pleasant seasons of the years. Upon these occasions the two Benson congregations for convenience would join together. Mr. Smith con- tinued these ministrations during his stay in Frankfort, and for a short time even after he resigned there and before removal to Bourbon County in 1829. After the departure of Mr. Smith, and when the Upper Benson Clmrch had united with the Lawrenceburg congrega- tion m the employment of a pastor, a congregational meeting of this church was called in November, 1829, to consider the propriety of disbanding and joining the most convenient churches. It was, however, deter- mined unanimously at the meeting to hold together. Twentv-four persons came forward and pledged them- selves to the support of the church, and a reinforce- * >riniites of Session. LOWER BENSON CHURCH. 51 ment ot twenty-one members was received from the Upper Benson Church. Robert Hamilton, WilUam Bovd and John Reading were added to the session, two of whom had been elders in the other congregation. In 1830 Rev. James Hawthorn began his ministra- tions here in connection with his pastoral work at Upper Benson, and at this time also Mr. John Lapsley, a ruHng elder in the church from which he came, was received upon certificate, and shortly afterward added to the ses- sion. Rev. John T. Edgar in 1832 began preaching here on Sabbath afternoons in connection with the pastoral work at Frankfort. He acted as moderator of the ses- sion and administered the ordinances of this church. During suitable weather in summer these afternoon services were often held in the Sugar Tree Grove, one and a half miles Avest of Frankfort, at the forks of the Louisville and Harrodsburg public roads. Many of the Frankfort people also attended these services, and the sessions of the two churches occasionally held joint meetings there, especially on sacramental occasions. At a protracted meeting held here April 28th, 1832, a considerable number of persons were received, including the following upon certificate from Pisgah Church, Vir- ginia : Andrew B. Read, John L. Read and Frances Read ; also John and Temperance Sharpe, from Shelby- ville, Kentucky. In May, 1834, Mr. Andrew B. Read and John Sharpe were added to the session, a collection was taken for Home Missions as conducted by Louis- ville Presbytery, and a special collection ordered for the following Sabbath to buy a Bible and copy of Watts' Hymns, for use in the public services of this church. In November. 1834, an arrangement was made by the session, with the consent of Presbytery and the 52 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Frankfort Church, with the Rev. Daniel Baker, D.D., then pastor at Frankfort, for his services every Sabbath afternoon, at two o'clock, subject to the approval of this congregation. " On December i6th following the congregation met according to appointment, and having heard Bro. Baker three Sabbaths previous, by unanimous vote it accepted of his labors."* This arrangement was continued during Dr. Baker's stay at Frankfort, to the great edification of this church. In 1837 Rev. James Logan ministered to the church as stated supply, giving it half his time, and Rev. James Hawthorn, of Lawrence- burg, also preached for it once a month. In the year 1838 Rev. Sylvester Scovill supplied this church, preach- ing from time to time, as his engagements elsewhere would permit. In 1839 and 1840 Rev. D. M. Winston, who was laboring at the Upper Benson Church as its stated supply, also preached regularly to Lower Benson Church. Rev. J. J. Bullock, of the Frankfort Church, continued the arrangement made with his predecessor, Dr. Baker, and supplied the congregation on Sabbath afternoons until the coming of Rev. E. K. Lynn, in the fall of 1840. In April, 1841, the two Benson Churches tmited in a call to Rev. Ephraim K. Lynn to take pas- toral charge, and he was installed at a meeting of Pres- bytery in the same month. During Mr. Lynn's pas- torate of the two churches, which was a very agreeable one to all parties and profitable to the two congrega- tions, the two bodies often worshiped together, and the elders held joint sessional meetings, sending one dele- gate only to tlic Church courts. In October, 1841. Mr. Frederick Robi) and ^Ir. Peter lett were added to * Minutes of Se.s.sion. I.OWER i!e;nson church. 53. the session, and George Williams and Samuel P. Read- ing elected deacons. In 1844 Mr. Lynn removed to another State, leaving this field again vacant. Rev. John D. Paxton, of Shelby County, was very kind in visiting the congregation and ministering to their spir-. itual wants at this time, and Rev. J. J. Bullock, of Frankfort, again preached to it and held communion services regularly. ''' About this time the congregation left the old church in which it had hitherto worshiped, and entered into a modern and well-appointed church building on the Louisville turnpike, near Bridgeport, beautifully sit- uated and more convenient of access. At the same time the name was changed from " Lower Benson "'■ to " Franklin Church," by which latter name it was' enrolled in the records of Presbvtery. At a called meeting of Presbytery at Franklin Church in Jainiary, 1848. Rev. J. S. Braddock was examined, ordained and installed as pastor of this church. At this time the church was reinforced by the addition of a number of persons from the recently dis- banded l.Tpper Benson Church, among whom was Field- ing L. Connor, a ruling elder, who was added to the session of this church, and about the same date the- congregation elected Dandridge Crockett and A. B. Dooley ruling elders, and Alexander Wilson and Henry W. Sneed deacons. Air. Braddock terminated his work here in 1849,. after which for some years the church was without the regular means of grace. The record book of session was lost, and not recovered until 1865, about which * Alinutes of Session. 54 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. time Rev. Thomas H. Cleland supplied the church for several months. After Mr. Cleland's departure the Rev. D. T. Stewart preached for the congregation and administered the ordinances from time to time. In June, 1865, Mr. Alfred B. Read was elected ruling elder, who with Mr. A. B. Dooley and Mr. Peter Jett consti- tuted the session. In 1865 the Rev. John R. Hendrick began to regularly supply the pulpit of Franklin Church, and continued to do so with great acceptance to the con- gregation for several years. He was the last minister in connection with our branch of the Church who min- istered to this congregation. In April, 1873, the con- sfresfation, at a meeting called to consider their church relations, instructed their delegates to Presbytery to attend Louisville Presbytery in connection with the Southern General Assembly, which was to hold its approaching meeting in the Second Church, Louisville, and to have this church placed upon its roll and taken under its care. This course was carried out, and Frank- lin Church thus severed its connection with the Pres- byterian Church in the United States of America, and was enrolled by Louisville Presbytery in connection witli tile Presbvterian Church in the United States. LOWER BENSON CHURCH. 55 LIST OF MINISTERS. From Organization to the Year 1873. Rev. Samuel Shannon Pastor, 1806 — 1812 Rev. Eli Smith Supply, 1824— 1829 Rev. James Hawthorn Pastor, 1830 — 1835 Rev. John T. Edgar Supply, 1831 — 1832 Rev. Danie! Baker Supply, 1834 — 1835 Rev. James Logran Supply, 1837 Rev. D. M. Winston Supply. 1836— 1840 Rev. J. J. Bullock Supply, 1840 — 1841 Rev. E. K. Lynn Pastor, 1841 — 1844 Rev. J. S. Bradciock Pastor. 1848— 1849 Rev. T. H. Cleland Supply, 1865 Rev. D. T. Stewart Supply, 1865— 1866 Rev. J. R. HendricK- Supply, 1866— 1873 RULING ELDERS. From Organization to the Year 1873. Robert Armstrong. Installed 1805 Hamilton Crockett Ordained and Installed 1805 John Reading Ordained and Installed 1829 William Boyd Installed 1829 Robert Hamilton Installed 1829 John A. Lapsley Installed 183 1 John Sharpe Ordained and Installed 1834 Andrew B. Read Ordained and Installed 1834 Frederick Robb Ordained and Installed 1841 Peter Jett Ordained and Installed 1841 A. Boyd Dooley Ordained and Installed 1848 Dandridge S. Crockett. Ordained and Installed 1848 Fielding L. Connor Installed 1848 Alfred B. Read Ordained and Installed 1865 DEACONS. George Williams Ordained and Installed 1841 Samuel P. Reading. .. .Ordained and Installed 1841 Alexander Wilson Ordained and Installed 1848 Henry W. Sneed Ordained and Installed 1848 56 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. ROLL OF MEMBERS pROAf Organization to the Year 1873. Those marked with a * were received by letter. All others upon examination. Robert Armstrong.* Jane Armstrong.* James Boyd. Rebecca Boya. John Robinson. Alargaret Robinson. Timothy Mayhall.* Esther Mayhall.* Mary Wilson. Mary Bennett. Catharine Bennett. Sarah Bennett. Elizabeth Wilson. Mary Wilson. George Williams.* Elizabeth' Williams.* Hugh Alexander.* Mary Alexander.* George Reading.* Mrs. Margaret Russell.* Mrs. Julia Ann Jett.* Mrs. Catherine Wilson. Mrs. Mary Scroggin. Miss Nancy Reaajng. John A. Lapsley.* Mrs. Mary Lapsley.* Miss Mary J. Lapsley.* Robert Hamilton. Mary Hamilton. Miss Elizabeth Hamilton. Mary Ann Williams. James F. Black. Julia Ann Boyce. Mrs. Frances Black. Mrs. Mary Reading. John Wilson. Martha Wilson. Hamilton Crockett.* Frances Crockett. John Reading.* Marj' Reading.* Thomas Scroggin. Mary Scroggin. Nancy Arnold. Elizabeth Logan. Elizabeth Milam. Jane Kennedy. Nancy McClosky. Joseph Reading. Jane Boyd. William Boyd.* Nancy Boyd.* Lucy Milam.* Ann M. Crockett. .\nn M. Black.* Mary McKendrick.* Abijah Hughes. Susanna Hughes. Miss Lucy Hughes. John Sharpe.* Mrs. Temperance Sharpe.* Andrew B. Read.* Mrs. Frances Read.* John L. Read.* Jane Black.* Alary Robb. Eliza Milam. Susan Williams. .Miss Margaret Jett. Samuel P. Reading. i^owER be;nson church. 57 Frederick Robb. Hannah Paxton. Patsy Arnold. Samuel P. Reading, Jr. Sarah Evans. Jane Hamilton. Sarah Hamilton. Peyton Hamilton. Mary Hamilton. Mrs. Sarah Ellison. Mrs. Elizabeth Ellison. Barney Pnllam. Dandridge Crockett. Mrs. Frances Pullam. Joseph Boyce. W. Bradley. Alexander Crockett. A. B. Dooley. Anthony McKee. William H. Crutcher. Henry W. Sneed. Squire (a slave). Absolem Knox. David Johnson. Miss EHza Robb. James Wood. Anthony Crockett. Mrs. Susan Crockett. Mrs. Ann Jenkins. Frances Dooley. Thompson Howard. Turner (a slave). Mrs. Margerite Crockett. Zepheniah Williams. Miss Martha Jane Jett. Fielding L. Connor.* Matthew Davidson.* Mrs. Elizabeth Davidson.* Miss Jane A. Davidson.* Miss Drusilla Davidson.* Miss Elizabeth Paxton.* Miss Frances Crockett. Mrs. Elizabeth McKce. Peter Jelt. John Evans. William Scroggin. Mrs. Nancy Scroggin. Landon Carter. Ellen Mayhall.^^ Henry Wolfe.* William Johnson. Rebecca Williams. Amelia Williams. Mrs. Sue Bennett. T. Read. Mrs. Mary Crockett. Alexander Wilson. M. Robb. Mrs. Mary Robb. Joseph Robb. Samuel G. Hamilton. Thomas Dooley. Airs. Nancy Dooley. America (a slave). William P. Morris. James V. Milam. Ann Read. Samuel Alayhall. Robert Howard. Judith Milam. Thomas Jenkins. Joanna Welch. T. W. Woods. Mary A. Hall.* Jenny (a slave). Miss Elizabeth Lancaster. Mrs. Frances Arnold. Mrs. Susan Milam. Mrs. Jane Connor.* Mrs. Sarah P. Johnson.* Miss Eliza Ann Latta.* Miss Martha Bond.* Mrs. Mary Robinson.* Mrs. Margerite Latla.'^- 58 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Miss Sarah Paxton.* Miss Susan Mary Crockett. Mrs. Louisa Reading-* Mrs. Rachel Mayhall. Miss Mary Robb. Jonas Robb. John W. Russell. Mrs. Ann M. Russell.* John C. Russell. Miss Cordelia W. Russell.* Miss Sallie Robson. Miss Sallie Richardson. David C. Mitchell. Josiah Bliss.* Mrs. Eliza Bliss.* Miss Jane Bliss.* Miss Julia Read. Mrs. lone K. Stephens.* Mrs. Lou James VV. Sheets.* Miss Sarah Wilcux. Mrs. Martha Jackson. Miss Clementine Wilcox. William Davenport.* Miss Fannie Crockett. Lewis Sneed. Catesb}^ Hawkins. Caroline Hawkins. Alexander Carter. Sarah Carter. Mrs. Sarah Crockett.* Mrs. Rachel Doolan. Joseph Robinson. Matthew E. Jett. Mrs. Agnes Jett. Mrs. Jane Chambers. Miss Edna Mayhall.* M. Cleland. a- ~ (u c r- i; LU 4-J C •X) >ir _J Xi ^ O ci -ii T •r- LO V) ^^ ■^^ o > > . O -v — ^ _) O 'J 3 OJ -I-' ' ] U C o UJ n: CHAPTER IV. FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. The city of Frankfort may justly claim to be situated upon the first parcel of ground surveyed and located in • what is now the State of Kentucky, at that time a por- tion of Fincastle County, Virginia. The region had been traversed by Findley, Boone, and other adven- turous hunters, who brought back glowing accounts of the country, the great fertility of the soil, the delightful climate, endless growth of magnificent tim- ber, the beautiful undulating surface, well watered by gushing springs, limpid brooks and deeply channeled rivers, and withal of the great abundance and variety of game, large and small. Attracted by these accounts, which spread through North Carolina and Virginia, adventurous settlers in large numbers soon sought the new country which had been so highly favored by nature. On the loth day of May, 1773, a company of men, James, George and Robert McAfee, their brother- in-law James jNIcCoun, Jr., and Samuel Adams, a neigh- bor, left their home in Botetourt County, Mrginia, for the purpose of exploring the country, with the view of settlement. They were fully aware of the dangers and difficulties before them, but they were bold and intrepid men, inured to the hardships of border life.* The prospect of bettering their fortunes, the honor of being the first settlers, and a firm reliance upon the care of Providence, sustained and animated them during * Robert McAfee's aroount of first settlement 62 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. their long and perjlous voyage.* "The McAfee Com- pany " struck across the country to New River, which they descended in a canoe to its mouth. On the 28th of May tb.ey feU in with a company of surveyors, under charge of Thomas BulHtt and Hancock Taylor. The two companies united, and chose Thomas Bullitt as leader, and remained at the mouth of the Kanawha River until the first day of June. Bullitt then left the party and went to the Indian town of Chillicothe, of the Shawnee Nation, which laid claim to all the region of country into which the party proposed to penetrate. He joined the party on the 14th of June, at the mouth of the vScioto, having made a friendly agreement with the Indian chiefs. The party then descended the Ohio in a small boat and four canoes."^' At the mouth of the Levisa (Kentucky) River the party divided. A portion, under the leadership of Thomas Bullitt, continued down the stream, eventually locating at the falls of the river. The McAfee party, with Hancock Taylor, who was Deputy Surveyor of Fincastle County, proposing to penetrate into the interior, ascended the smaller stream which flowed from the south. The party soon came to a " salt lick," upon the great buffalo trace (now Dren- non), where an astonishing number of buffalo, elk and deer were seen. The grounds and roads about the " licks " were as much beaten as those around a popu- lous city.* The company here left their boats and fol- lowed one of the wide, well-beaten roads made by the countless herds of buffalo through the almost impass- able canebrakes and thickets, until the river was again reached, at a point where the " trace " crossed it, about * Robert McAfee's account of first settlement. FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 63; a mile below the site of this city. Crossing the stream at the ford, the party followed the trace up the valley eastwardly, and encompassing the hill, came to the big spring, at the head of the two valleys. After here " burying a tomahawk,"' they entered the valley which widens into the plain on which Frankfort now stands. Impressed by the surpassing loveliness of their sur- roundings, of which we of to-day may have some slight conception — the valleys teeming with luxurious vege- tation, surmounted on every side by heavily timbered and lofty hills, with the clear and beautiful river winding its way in the midst — the party at once proceeded on the morning of the i6th of July, 1773, to make a sur- vey."^ Taking as a starting point two white oak trees upon the river bank, now the southern end of Ann Street, a survey was made, embracing the greater part of the ground now covered by the city on the north side of the river. Pursuing their way upon the following day, the pioneers again crossed the river, some miles above, and finally, on July 27th, located a survey at a point which became afterward the famous " McAfee Station," and included the ground upon which New Providence Church was subsequently built. In the following summer Hancock Taylor returned to this locality and completed the survey of the valley eastwardly, and somewhat later on Mr. Hancock Lee, of A^irginia, with others, located and established a sta- tion at the ford, one mile below, which developed after- ward, under the name of Leestown, into a thriving village. The tract of land now covered bv the citv was * McAfee's account of the first settlement. 64 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. acquired by purchase in 1786 by General James Wilkin- son. The price paid was one hundred and thirty pounds, sterling, cash. He proceeded at once to lay out and establish a town, a charter having been obtained from the Legislature at Richmond, bearing date October 6th, 1786, incorporating it under its present name. The names given by General Wilkinson to some of the streets were in honor of his companions in arms with whom he had served in two wars, one of which had just closed: Washington, Montgomery, Clinton, St.. Clair and Madison. His own name he gave to another, and one he called Ann, in compliment to his wife. General Wilkinson reserved for his own private benefit the river front between St. Clair Street and the bend of the river below, and at the latter point he estab- lished his iiome. The purchasers of the lots in the new town were required, under forfeiture of title, to build within two years tenements of at least sixteen feet square, with stone or brick chimneys. The mansion erected by General \\'ilkinson for his own use w^as a very elegant and imposing one, far in advance of any building in this section at that time. To encourage purchasers of lots and settlers, he opened a system of drainage, by which the low lands covered by the swamps on the north and east of the town were reclaimed, thereby removing a standing menace to the health of the place. And in order to divert from Leestown, his rival town on the river one mile below, the through travel between the settlements east and west, which used the ford for crossing the stream, he built a public road up the hill eastwardly towards Lexington, and establisjied and maintained a ferry at the south end of Wilkinson Street, near his residence. His house thus FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 65 occupied a strategic point, being on the *' big road," communicating between Lexington and the east, with Louisville and other western points. It afterward became, as the Love Tavern, the pubHc inn of the town, as well as the resting place of the travehng public, and was destined to play a prominent part in the history of the town. The free use for several years of its spacious rooms, proffered to and accepted by the State in 1792, was an important factor in deciding the location of the Capital at Frankfort. The location of the State Capital at Frankfort in 1792 gave at once an impetus to the growth of the place, and it assumed somewhat of the political import- ance previously enjoyed by Danville. The seat of State government permanently located here, with the State offices, the Federal and State courts, with the sessions of the Legislature, drew hither men of influence and ambition from all parts of the State. Not a few of these, " men of affairs," and promoters of public or pri- vate enterprises, were induced for convenience to take up their permanent residence at the Capital. From this tim.e on the population of the town* increased rapidly, and partook in a marked degree of the prevaihng characteristics of the population of the State at that period. The time and energies of the inhabitants were devoted entirely to secular pursuits and pleasure, with a general disregard for the claims of religion. The Sabbath day was the chosen time for various festivities and sports of all kinds, target-shoot- ing, horse-racing, hunting and fishing parties. Yet in * Ninety male voters, two hundred and diirty-nine women and children, and one hundred and twelve negro slaves. 66 HISTORY OP FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. the midst of the abounding worldliness and immoraHty of the place there were an elect few, whose active piety shone out in bright contrast. There was no church or meeting-house of any religious society in the town, yet religious services were maintained from time to time by a little band of pious and consecrated women. These meetings were held for the most part in the " big room " of the Love Tavern, at other times in the mansion of Hon. John Brown, whose accomplished wife, Mrs. Mar- garetta Mason Brown, was the acknowledged center of religious influence in the community, and principal pro- moter of these religious services. Her house became " The Preachers' Hotel," and " no minister of any ortho- dox denomination was allowed to pass through the place without having an opportunity of holding a religious service.'' Upon these occasions her two sons. Mason and Orlando Brown, with James Love, son of Mrs. Elizabeth IvOve, would be sent out for a house-to-house notification, and to spread the news through the public streets, thus securing a congregation. After a time the citizens of the town, realizing to some degree the desirability of public religious services, with their uplifting influence upon society, yet unwilling to contribute directly of their means for the building of a church, inaugurated a movement for this purpose in a " lottery scheme." A bill was drafted and presented to the Legislature by Governor Greenup, authorizing a lottery by which to raise four thousand dollars for church purposes. The act became a law in 1808, and provided for the construction of a " Publick Meeting House, upon the State Capitol grounds, which should be open to any religious sect which should perform divine service in an orderly manner." The funds were FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 67 thus realized, and after maii}^ delays the building was erected on the west side of the State House square, facing Madison Street, and for some years was the only public meeting-house in the town. It was hardly to be expected that God would honor and bless a house built by such questionable methods, and such was not the case, for its joint occupancy and care gave rise to strife and contentions among the " sects " using it, and it eventually took fire and was burned to the ground. It is a matter of regret that we have no record giving the exact date and details of the or,ganization of our Church in Frankfort, including the name of the ofBci- ating minister, with a complete list of the original mem- bers. We live now in a day of statistics ; at that time scant attention was given to such matters. Indeed, the reports and tabular statements of our General Assembly itself, of that period, and years afterward, were meager and incomplete ; and it is not to be wondered at that the inferior bodies, Presbyteries and sessions, should be derelict in their records. From reliable information, however, we may fix upon 1816 as the year in which the organization was effected. We learn from the records of the Upper Benson Church, then in existence over twenty years, that at this time Thomas Paxton, a ruling elder, removed his member- ship to Frankfort to aid in the formation of a church there, and act as one of its session, and his name and those of his family appear on our first recorded roll. There appears to have been a lack of suitable material for ruling elders in this congregation, hence the trans- fer of the country elder. Dr. J. J. Miles and John M. Foster were also elected elders, and served for some years, but the latter was subsequently removed 68 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. for cause, and the former changed his residence tem- porarily to Danville. The congregation then looked to the country again for help, and two other Benson elders, William Boyd and Robert Hamilton, were induced to move their membership to town and take part in the spiritual oversight of the congregation. Mr. David C. Humphreys, from Woodford Church, also located here just at this time, and was added to the session, and acted as its clerk- The first minister in charge was Rev. Eli Smith, who began his labors here about 1817, and served the church faithfully and successfully about ten years. The first roll of membership on our records bears date May 5th, 1825, and includes fifty-nine names, forty-five of whom were females. It thus appears to have been at first ■essentially a woman's church, and their preponderance . was not only in numl)ers, but in intelligence, zeal and vital piety as well. Rev. Eli Smith was moderator of session, with Ruling Elders Thomas Paxton, William Boyd, Robert Hamilton, J. J. Miles and David C. Humphreys. Mr. Smith terminated his labors here in the latter part of 1827. At the same time the three country elders, Paxton, Boyd and Hamilton, addressed a letter to the congregation resigning in a body, giving their reasons therefor, and returned to their country church. Mr. Humphreys, the other elder, had also left, returning to Woodford, and the chu.rch was thus without pastor or elders. In this emergency, there being no session, tlie congregation assembled. In the absence of suitable church members to preside and conduct the proceedings, the congregation called to its aid a number of men who '.were not members of anv church. Colonel Jaiues David- FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 69 son' was chosen to preside, and the following gentlemen, also non-protessors, were chosen a committee to draft and submit a set of resolutions to the meeting, together with a memorial to Presbytery: Mr. John H. Hanna,. John J. Crittenden, Mason Brown and Jarvis Russell. The committee, through its chairman, Mr. Hanna, reported a series of resolutions, which were unanimously adopted, sixty-nine persons voting, of whom thirty-four were members of the church. The ^memorial to Pres- bytery was also adopted, in which was set forth. " That, owing to the resignation of Rev. Eli Smith and of the elders of the church, the congregation was left without officers, and could not appear before Presbytery in a reg- ular and orderly manner, and came directly by committee and memorial." A request was made for the ministerial services of Rev. John T. Edgar, who by invitation had been preaching to the people since the departure of Mr. Smith. The committee to present the " memorial " to Presbytery consisted of Mr. John H. Hanna. Mason Brown and John J. Vest, and their mission appears to have been successful, for Mr. Edgar entered' at once, by authority of Presbytery, upon the duties of stated supply. Shortly after Mr. Edgar's coming the church expe- rienced perhaps the greatest revival and work of divine grace in its history. Over sixty persons were added to the membership, many of whom were heads of fami- lies and prominent and influential citizens of the place. Previous to this time there had been no deacons in this church, and the temporal afifairs of the congrega- tion had been conducted in a loose and irregular way. Having now acquired abundant material for office-bear- ers, Mr. Edgar at once undertook a reorganization of *JO HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. the church. About this time Dr. James J. Miles, a former ruling elder, returned to reside here, and was again elected to the office in this church. Hon. Ben- jamin Mills, who had recently removed hither from Paris, to a seat on the bench of the Court of Appeals, an elder in the church from which he came, was also added to the session, together with Hon. John Brown, Jarvis Russell and Dr. Luke Munsell, who were ordained and installed. A Board of Deacons was elected and installed, consisting of Austin P. Cox, John Swingle, John P. Reading, William M. Todd, Albert G. Hodges, Joseph Clarke and George A. Robertson. In March, 1829, Mr. Edgar received a unanimous call to the pastor's office, and was immediately installed. His pastorate, which was a very pleasant and successful one, terminated in July, 1833. During his ministry here Dr. Edgar, under direction of Presbytery, spent a considerable part of the summer and fall months in missionary tours, confirming and strengthening the weak and destitute churches in dif- ferent parts of tlie Presbytery. He also preached statedly to the country churches in this vicinity. At that period the Presbyteries seemed to have exercised a very close watcli and paternal care over their weaker and struggling congregations, making regular details from the pulpits of the stronger churches for their spir- itual nourishment. These ministers were sent accord- ing to Scripture injunction, " two and two,'' holding usually four days' meetings, administering the ordi- nances, concluding with the sacrament of the Lord's Supper on the Sabbath. The stated meetings of Pres- bytery, and especially of Svnod, were occasions of great import and interest to the churches and to the whole FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 7 1 community. The entertainment of these bodies no doubt fully taxed the ability of the places where the meetings were held, but the Scriptural rule of " hospi- tality without grudging " seemed to have prevailed, for the occasions were earnestly sought after, contended for and enjoyed by the churches. That being before the day of good roads and adequate pubHc conveyances, the visiting ministers and elders came mostly on horse- back, occasionally in their own vehicles. The congre- gation was called on to entertain " man and beast," as is shown by sundry livery bills in our church papers, paid by our treasurer, one of which, for keeping the horses of Synod,* amounted to $78.22. In contrast somewhat with these ecclesiastical bodies of to-day, they were then in no hurry to depart, remaining over the Sabbath, and thus these convocations were a benediction to the church and community. Rev. Daniel Baker, D.D., was pastor from October, 1834, to November, 1836. He was one of the most noted and successful home missionaries and evangelists of the Church in his day, and was not content to remain very long in the restricted work of a pastor. During his ministry here his services were much in demand, by appointment of Presbytery, and elsewhere ; so much so that it was made the subject of a formal remonstrance to Presbytery by the session, and the church was only in part mollified by the supply of another minister to fill the pulpit during Dr. Baker's absence. During this pastorate William M. Todd and Joseph Clarke were added to the session, and James F. Dryden and William J. Phillips to the Board of Deacons. * See Appendix. 72 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. In December, 1836, the session invited Rev. Joseph J. Bullock, a licentiate of West Lexington Presbytery, to supply the pulpit for twelve months, and he entered at once upon the work. Before the expiration of the time, however, he was called to the pastorate of the church, and in October, 1837, he was ordained and installed in this, his first charge, at the age of twenty- four. Many years afterward, in an obituary notice, pub- lished after Dr. Bullock's death, which was prepared by one who knew and loved him well, and who was at the same time intimately acquainted with his Frankfort charge, in speaking of this early pastorate, among other influences which contributed to mold the character and determine the destiny of Dr. Bullock, said : " While still a youth he was called to the pastorate of the Pres- byterian Church at the Capital of the State. Here, by reason of his office, he became intimately associated with perhaps as brilliant and accomplished a body of men and women as were ever congregated in a single community — a body composed of the Crittendens, Mon- roes, Moreheads, Browns, Letchers, Harlans, and others of like character — embracing not only distinguished men, but women fitted by extraordinary endowment and culture to adorn any society on earth. A'lost of these were more or less identified with his church, and thus encompassed the youthful pastor with a stimulating and refining atmosphere, that was of incalculable value in the process of his development. His mind and person exhibited the visible fruit of this favored environment. His personality was distinguished and attractive, and his massive and towering physical frame formed a fit abode for his noble and lofty spirit, and gentleness and FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 73 strength were exquisitely blended in his countenance and bearing." Dr. Bullock continued in office until the summer of 1846, when he was forced by impaired health to resign. During his pastorate Judge Benjamin Monroe, Zephe- niah Williams and William J. Phillips were ordained as elders, and Richard Knott and George W. Lewis, dea- cons. The church was very loth to give up Dr. Bullock, a very strong attachment existing between oastor and people. The congregation, by unanimous vote, offered him all the tim.e he might desire in which to recruit his health, his salary to continue as if present, but he was constrained to decline their ofTer. During the interim between this and the next pas- torate the session invited in succession to the pastorate Rev. Leroy J. Halsey, of Jackson, Mississippi ; Rev. Dr. John Teyburn, of Virginia; Rev. Dr. Nathan L. Rice and Dr. Robert J. Breckinridge, all of whom declined. The next pastor was Rev. Stuart Robinson, D.D., who was installed in June, 1847. During his pastorate the old church building on Wapping Street was sold, and the present edifice erected and occupied. This was rendered necessary, as the old church was insufficient to accommodate the increased congregations drawn to the church by his ministry. Dr. Robinson resigned in May, 1853. The church was strongly opposed to the severance of the relation, and by unanimous vote declined to unite with him in the matter before Pres- bytery. Among other resolutions adopted by the con- gregational meeting was one requesting Presbytery to overture the General Assembly to take such action as wo:ild secure greater permanency to the pastoral rela- tion, and that the practice of one church caUing the 74 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. pastor of another be discountenanced by solemn act of the Genera! Assembly. During Dr. Robinson's min- istry here Mr. Asa Farrar, Richard Knott and John B. Temple were added to the session, and Thomas S. Page, Daniel Harris and William T. Herndon to the Board of Deacons. From May, 1853, to December following, the pulpit was suppHed by Rev. John R. Hendrick, and at a con- gregational meeting in November he was elected to the pastorate, but declined to accept the call. In July, 1854, a call was made to Rev. Joshua F. Green, who had visited and preached for the congre- gation, for his pastoral services. Pending his accept- ance, of which the church was assured, he was suddenly removed by death from a ministry of great usefulness and promise. The next pastor was Rev. J. P. Safiford, who was installed in February, 1855, and resigned in August, 1857. In May, 1856, Thomas S. Page was elected ruHng elder, and Mr. William M. Todd, who had returned to reside in the city, was also added to the session. At the same time Dr. J. M. Mills was elected deacon. From November, 1857, to April, 1858, Rev. J. J. Bullock, D.D., served the church as stated supply. At a protracted meeting which closed this, his second term of service, the church was greatly refreshed and strengthened, a large number of members being added. On the eve of his departure Dr. Bullock presided as moderator of the congregational meeting, which called to the pastorate Rev. B. T. Lacy, D.D., of Virginia*. Dr. Lacy entercfl upon his work here in July. 1858, and served the church with great acceptance and success until the opening of the Civil War. when in July, 1861, FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 75 he returned to his native State, and eventually entered the Southern army as chaplain. In the month of March, 1862, Presbytery dissolved the relation existing between Dr. Lacy and the church. During this pastorate Messrs. E. L. Samuel and S. C. Bull were elected and installed in the deacon's office. In April, 1862, at a congregational meeting mod- erated by Rev. Dr. W. C. Matthews, Rev. John S. Hays was elected pastor, and entered at once upon the duties of the office. He served the church for five years, which covered the critical and trying period of the Civil War. Mr. Hays was uncompromising in his adherence to the government, as were also the other members of the session. To this unanimity of sentiment is largely due the fact that this church did not divide on the issues of the war, as did many others in the State, and was spared the calamity of rending asunder its membership, which we see, even to this late day, weakening and retarding the Presbyterian Church in Kentucky. Dr. Hays resigned in April, 1867, and removed to Louisville. During his pastorate Messrs. S. C. Bull, Hugh Allen and W H. Averill were added to the session. In July, 1867, Rev. J. McClusky Blayney was invited by the session to act as stated supply for three months, whfcb arrangement was continued two years. At the expiration of that time Mr. Blayney removed to Albany, New York, to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church of that city. In October, 1868, at a large congregational meeting, moderated by Rev. Dr. E. P. Humphrey, the congre- gation extended a hearty call to Rev. Leroy J. Halsey, D.D., of McCormick Seminary, who had been previously 76 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. called to this church in 1846, while pastor in Mississippi. Dr. Haisey held the call under consideration, and visited the church, supplying it during the ensuing summer, when he declined the call on account of impaired health. The next minister who served this church was Rev. J. H. Nesbitt, who was called in Ma>', 1870, nnd served first as stated supply, then as pastor. He resigned in May, 1876, on account of the ill health of his son, and sought a change of climate in the mountains of Penn- sylvania. During his pastorate Messrs. E. L. Samuel and D. R. Jones were added to the session, both of whom had been ordained elsewhere. At the same time R. K. McClure and Frank Chinn were made deacons. In June, 1876, Rev. William R. Brown, then at Peewee Valley, Kentucky, was elected by unanimous vote to the pastorate of this church. On account of impaired health., however, he was led to decline the call, much to the regret of the congregation, among whom he had labored for a short season with great acceptance. In February. 1877. Rev. J. W. Pugh accepted a call to the pastorate, and was installed in the month of May following. He remained in ofBce until December, 1882, when he resigned, and removed to labor in the Synod of Indiana. In July, 1877, four ruling elders were ordained and installed — George A. Robertson, R. K. McClure, Frank Chinn and W. T. Reading; and five deacons were added to that Board — H. H. Watson, W. H. Sneed, J. W. Pruett, John McClure and George C. Watson. During the interim of 1883 the congregation extended in succession calls to Rev. J. G. Hunter, D.D., then at Georgetown, Kentucky, and to Rev. William FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 77 Torrance, D.D., then at Franklin, Indiana, both of whom dechned to leave their fields of labor. Rev. J. McClusky Blayney, D.D., came to this church the second time in January, 1884. He was on his way to the far South for the benefit of the health of one of his sons, and came by Frankfort to pay a short visit to his wife's relatives. He found, unexpectedly, the Frank- fort pastorate vacant, and yielded to a cordial invitation of the session to remain for a season, and preach to his old charge. This resulted in the foll6wing month in a hearty and unanimous call to the pastorate, and in the month of June following he was duly installed in office. In April, 1884, the following additional deacons were elected : Dr. J. O. A. Stewart, William Craik and Dr. Samuel E. James, and on April 4th, 1890, Mr. Peter Rule was added to the session. In January, 1895, five nevv^ deacons were elected and ordained — Charles E. Hoge, T. L. Edelen, W. C. Herndon, J. B. Hendrick and David Nicol; and in January, 1901, Thomas P. Averill and William A. Bull were added to the same Board. On December 5th, 1900, in compliance with the recommendation of the General Assembly in regard to the Twentieth Century Fund, the congregation met and took up the matter of the finances of the church. In order to enable the church to enter upon the new cen- tury free of debt and thus comply with the injunction of the Assembly, the congregation proceeded to raise by subscriiDtion an amount sufficient to pay ofT the float- ing debt of the church, amounting to about twenty-four hundred dollars. This amount was pledged at the meet- ing, and a committee was appointed to collect and apply 78 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. the subscriptions to this object, and at a subsequent meeting reported that the obhgations were all dis- charged, and the church closed the century free of debt. The present pastor has now entered upon the nine- teenth year of his successful ministry to this church, thus covering a period of twice the length of service of any of his predecessors in the office. During this time the number of members has doubled, four hun- dred having been added upon examination and one hundred and fifty by certificate; tUe number of infants baptized, two himdred and sixty-two ; adults, one hun- dred and twenty-six. At the close of the nineteenth and the opening of the twentieth century the session addressed the fol- lowing commimication to the congregation, which was read from the pulpit, and may be appropriately inserted here : "A PASTORAL LETTER," And Message of Greeting- from the Session to the Congregation of the First Presbyterian Church, January i, igoi. "Beloved in Christ: It has ])een deemed by us both appropriate and fitting at this time, the closing of the nineteenth and opening of the twentieth century, to present to you our Christian salutations and fraternal desires for your spiritual and temporal welfare. At the same time we would also seek the prosperity and suc- cess of our beloved church, for on you and on us, under God, its fidelity and usefulness depend. " We are made of God one family in Christ, and if any member fails, the whole family suffers loss. Faith- fulness, then, in each one is necessary to the complete- FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 70 ness of our church work as a whole. The pastor and session have a duty to each member, so equally has each member a duty to pastor and session, and every member to every other member. Let every one, then, be true to all, as a service and worship to God, and in obedience to the law of Christ, thus showing forth the power and beauty of his gospel. " Among other ways in which we may glorify him and help each other, the following leading duties and privileges are ours : " First — Regular and faithful attendance upon all the public services of the church, including especially both services of the Sabbath and the weekly prayer meeting, and if providentially absent in person, by remembering the service at the throne of grace. " Second — Daily family worship and communion with the Holy Spirit in prayer and reading of the Holy Scriptures, prayer for the pastor and office-bearers of the church, as well as for Sabbath-school teachers and other Christian workers, the labors of all of whom may be unfruitful if we fail to do our part. " Third — Cheerful contributions, as God gives us the ability, to our church, where our allegiance is first due, and by assi'iting by our active co-operation the dififerent societies of Christian work in our congrega- tion, and by contributing of our means to the benevolent work of our Church at large. " Fourth — The cultivation of ' fervent charity to all mien, and especially to those of the household of faith,' by friendliness and sociability, one with another, and with strangers coming to our midst. " May you be led by the Holy Spirit, in considering 8o HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. these susi'g-estions, to the practical determination that will bring help to the church and glory to the Master. " The past year has been replete with blessings to all of us. With good gifts and tokens of his love, God has visited us as individuals, as families and as a church. If, in his wisdom, he has been pleased to come and take one and another of our loved ones, 'to be with him where he is,' he has also given us the grace of submis- sion, and enabled us to say, ' Thy will be done.' " With his spiritual blessings, he has also loaded us with the multiplied gifts of his providence, and given us a good degree of bodily health wherewith to enjoy them. In the closing days he has given us a liberal spirit, bv which we have been enabled to free his church from debt and enter upon the new century better equipped for his service. " To us now, one and all, comes the question, How shall it be with us this year and in the years to come? If each one, in humble dependence upon the leadings of the Holy Spirit, will resolve and say, I will do what becomes me to do for the Master, then indeed will we come to the end with songs of thanksgiving and anthems of praise. " And now let us engage heartily and with a thankful spirit in the Week of Prayer, uniting our petitions with those of the Church in all lands for the presence and power of the Holy Spirit, in the salvation of souls and for the coming of Christ's kingdom in the conversion of the world. " Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that Great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant. FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 8 1 make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in yoit that which is well pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen ! "S. C. BuLi.. " E. L. Samuel. "R. K. McClure. " F. Chinn. "W. T. Reading. " J. McClusky Blayney, Moderator. "W. H. AvERiLL, Clerk." CENTENNIAL SERVICES. Sabbath day, Alarch 31st, 1901, which closed the nineteenth century work of our General Assembly, was observed by the First Presbyterian Church of Frank- fort in an appropriate and suitable manner by special services, morning and evening, signalizing the event. A special discourse was delivered at one of these cen- tennial services by the pastor, in which he outlined the growth, development and work of our branch of the great Presbyterian Church during the century just closing. At the other service a paper was read by the clerk of the session of the church, which had been prepared by him at the request of the session, in which was given a brief account of the century's work of this particular church. Allusion was made to the noble and conse- crated line of godly men and women who, in the church, the Sabbath-school and the various depart- ments of Christian activity, aided in this congregation's 82 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. share of the work oi the century. The concluding par- agraphs of the above sketch may be of interest to some who were not present at the centennial services, which will account for their insertion in this place : " In conclusion, we have endeavored in this brief paper to give something of the history of this, our Frankfort Church, since its formation. Many items and incidents of perhaps equal interest have been necessarily omitted. Some of these, however, may be included in a future sketch, in a more permanent form than this specially prepared paper. " The Presbyterian Church, of which we are a part, enters to-day the threshold of the twentieth century far better equipped for the Master's service than ever before, and from indications it looks as if it is enter- ing upon one of the most active periods of its history. The Church at large, and especially in the great cen- ters of influence, is in an attitude of expectancy and prayer, waiting for the ' Forward Movement ' confi- dently expected at this time. As a Church it has the best theology, and at the same time, in its attitude to other religious bodies, it is the broadest and most catholic of all Churches. It has the best form of gov- ernment, and in its membership it has had in the past, and has to-day, a large proportion of the most able, consecrated and influential ministers and laymen of the Protestant Church. It is a mighty element in the Christian forces of the world, standing everywhere for righteousness and evangelical truth, and as long as it continues to so witness, having the living Christ within •the hearts of its adherents, giving life and power to its activities, so long will God acknowledge and honor it as one of his chosen representatives upon the earth. FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 83 To be a Presbyterian is, and always has been, a good reason for gratnlation. Let us now and henceforth, as Presbyterians and members of Christ's body, yield ourselves to the leadings of the Divine Spirit, and each one, in our own sphere of labor and influence, endeavor to do our whole duty to God and to his Church, in which he has highly honored us to be co-laborers together with him. And have we not an inspiration, as it were, in the examples of those who have preceded us in this church? It is needless to call their names. We remember them well. Not a family in this church but has a priceless heritage in the godly, consecrated anc^ beautiful lives of loved ones gone before — grand- parents, father, mother, husband, wife, beloved child, brother, sister, friend. Let us follow in their footsteps, in so far as they were enabled to follow Christ, and in humble gratitude for what our beloved church has been enabled and permitted to do for the Master in the past, we would devoutly say, * Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy name give glory, for thy mercy and thy truth's sake.' " BUILDINGS. Well founded tradition states that the first sermon preached within the precincts of this settlement was in 1787. The preacher, whose identity is unknown, was an itinerant Baptist minister, who, passing by, gathered the scattered settlers together for a rehgious service. There being no suitable room, and the weather being propitious, the meeting was held in the open air. The canopy was formed by the wide-spreading branches of an immense gum tree, which stood near where Wapping 84 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. now joins Wilkinson Street, and whose ample foliage sheltered the little congregation from the sun's rays. The good man went on his way, and the effect of his service here is unknown. The auditors have all passed av/ay generation? ago, and the noble tree itself finally succumbed to the ravages of time and went down in a storm in the year 1858. As stated elsewhere, our church for several years after its organization had no building of its own. " The Publick Meeting-House," wh.ich had been erected on the Capitol grounds by the citizens of the town, by very questionable means, was neither a pleasant nor profitable place in which to worship, and some years before its destruction by fire, the Presbyterians, who had been occupying it one Sabbath each month, ceased using it altogether, and thenceforth conducted all their public worship in the Love House, which had been their principal meeting place. This place they continued to occupy until the First Church ])uilding on Wapping Street was erected. In 1823 a lot of ground, 100 x 200 feet, on Wapping Street, was bought, and the congregation began at once the buiUHng of a house of worship of their own. It was completed during the following year. The material was brick, laid in the beautiful Flemish bond, of close joints and superior mortar, in vogue at that period. Two doors were provided for entrance, one for each sex, which were scrupulously kept apart, the men entering the right door and the women the left. Upon entering the worshipers faced tlie high boxed pulpit at the rear, and the seats were placed on a level floor, with a gallery across the room just above the doors. At a congregational meeting five years later, in April, C/) FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 87 1829, the church having been greatly strengthened by the accession of members, extensive akerations and improvements were determined upon, including the removal of the gallery from the front to the rear end of the church, also placing the pulpit between the front doors, and inclining the floor upward from front to rear " in convenient theatrical form." The improvements also included the introduction of new and more com- fortable seats, and the erection of ^ a cupola in the middle of the front wall, which was to be carried up and strengthened in order to sustain the additional weight of a bell, which was to be procured as soon as practicable. A committee of solicitors, consisting of an equal number of ladies and gentlemen, headed by Mr. Alexander Robertson, was appointed to raise the funds by subscription, and a commission was named, composed of Judge B. Mills, John J. Vest and Jarvis Russell, " to execute, superintend and direct the work, with full power to perform the same, to be governed by their discretion and the amount of funds raised." From subsequent records we learn that the improve- ments were completed, but no funds remained over for the purchase of the bell. The congregation, however, went energetically to work collecting bell metal, which, after much delay, was at last secured, and shipped by river to Pittsburg, and in due course of time, 1832, the bell arrived and was put in place, as we note in a financial report made by the deacons in January, 1833.* Wood-burning stoves were used for heating and candles for lighting, but lamps consuming sperm oil were introduced later on, as shown by accounts on file. * See Appendix. 88 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. This building served the requirements of the congre- gation for about twenty-five years, until under the min- istrations of Dr. Bullock and his successor, Dr. Stuart Robinson, it had so increased that a larger and better appointed building was considered necessary. In 1849 the church property, with the adjacent parsonage, was sold to Rev. J. M. Lancaster for the Roman Catholic Church. That congregation then proceeded to erect their new church building around and over the old church, which it continued to use until the new l:)uilding was roofed in, and then it was taken out. Our congregation moved into their new church in the latter part of March, 1849, using the lower or Sab- bath-school room until the main auditorium was com- pleted. The pastor. Dr. Stuart Robinson, was very active in promoting this move of the congregation, and to his energy and directing care the success of the undertaking was largely due. The location was well chosen, although the " lay of the land " was not at the time altogether favorable. It required, in addition to that obtained from the excavation, a large amount of earth to level up the site, one bill alone being for one hundred loads. While yet in an unfinished condition the ladies of the congregation conducted a " fair " in the main auditorium, lasting three days, for raising fur.ds for the furnishing of the church. On at least one of the evenings there was a very large attendance of citizens, for by special invitation the guest of the occasion was General Zachary Taylor, then President- elect of the United States, on his way to his inaugura- tion. He was met at the wharf by a large concourse of citizens, with a military escort composed of soldiers FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 89 who fought under him in Mexico, and thence conducted to the church, where he held his reception. The building was erected by Mr. Beaverson, a local architect and contractor, at a cost to the congregation of about fourteen thousand dollars. Although there were errors in the plans, as well as in the construction, yet for comfort, and for acoustic properties, the main auditorium is unexcelled by the more modern churches. As at first constructed there were galleries on the sides of the upper room, but after about twenty years these were removed. At the same time the present stained- glass windows were added. The next change made was the removal of the old-style high pulpit and the substi- tution of the platform and reading desk now in use. An entire new seating, of modern, curved and most approved pews, was also introduced, together with the " sunlight apparatus " for illuminating the main auditorium. It needs no apology for a brief allusion in this place to a line of useful and important men in church affairs, much discussed and written about wherever churches abound. Tt has been asserted by some perhaps super- sensitive and nervous people, that " the sexton (or jani- tor) was a more important factor in the public worship of the congregation than the man in the pulpit." With- out going as far as this contention, it may be safely said that the health, comfort and enjoyment of the congre- gation frequently depend upon the wisdom, common sense and efficiency of that official, to say nothing of the composed frame of mind and spirit, so necessary to the devout worshiper, which is sometimes indirectly in his keeping. The sextons who have served in this church have 90 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. in the main ^iven satisfaction, judging from the length of their terms of service : William Miles 1826— 1840 Henry Clarke 1840 — 1856 Thomas Lee 1856 — 1876 Clifford Vane 1876— 1882 Henry Weisiger 1882 — 1896 Jame? Woolfolk T896 to date. MINISTERS. REV. ELI SMITH. Rev. Eh Smith, the first minister who served our Frankfort Church, was a New England man. Reared in Massachusetts, he enjoyed the best educational advantages, and after completing his theological train- ing, he came West. His first settled work was at Frankfort, where in 1817 he took charge of the Pres- byterian Church about a year after its organization, and served it with zeal and ability until the latter part of 1827. In 1829 he removed to Bourbon • County, where he spent the remainder of his days as pastor of the churches of Greer's Creek and Paris, departing this life in the year 1839. While in charge of the Frankfort Church he fre- quently m.inistered to the country churches, Upper and Lower Benson, and for some time supplied them regu- larly. He was largely instrumental in holding these churches together when, owing to various causes, they were almost in a state of suspended animation. INIr. Smith was an earnest and very acceptable preacher, especially to Christian people. He was gifted with a most remarkable memor}', being able to retain and make FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 93 available for use anything he had ever read or heard. He never wrote his sermons, and destroyed the brief notes used in the pulpit. Soon after locating in Frank- fort he returned to ^Massachusetts and married Aliss Mary Brown, of Xewburyport, who survived him about fifty years. She is very pleasantly remembered by our older members, as she made visits at stated intervals to her old friends of Frankfort up to the time of her death, in 1889. The remains of this worthy pair rest side by side in our cemetery. To them were born sev- eral children. One daughter married Rev. Ben ^Mills, of this city, and the only son, Eli Smith, Jr., was a minister of our Church, and labored in the Synods of Indiana, Illinois and Missouri. FEV. JOHN TODD F.DG.aR. D.D. Rev. John Todd. Edgar, D.D., was born in Lexing- ton, Kentucky, in 1793. His name first appears on the roll of the Synod in 181 7. He came to Frankfort in December, 1827, and took charge of this church as stated supply. He found it in a confused and disor- ganized condition, without officers, save one elder, and he a non-resident. Shortly after his coming the church was greatly strengthened by accessions, which gave material for office-bearers, and it was at once reorgan- ized by the election of a full bench of ruling elders and a board of deacons. In March, 1829, Mr. Edgar accepted a call to the pastor's office, which he held until July, 1833, when he removed to Nashville, Tennessee. He took charge as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of that city, and in it he ended his labors in the year i860. Dr. Edgar was greatly beloved by this con- gregation, and very highly esteemed by the whole com- 94 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. munity. He was a man of very popular manners and address, and an eloquent and successful preacher. He was the acknowledged pulpit orator of the Svnod, and his services were constantly in demand elsewhere while pastor here. The following tribute is from a Nashville paper, November 14th, i860 : " Rev. John T. Edgar, pastor of the First Presby- terian Church, died of apoplexy at 8 A.M. yesterday. He conducted services as usual in his church on the previous evening, afterward attended a business meet- ing of the church officers, and entertained company at his house until ten o'clock, and then retired. At one o'clock he was stricken, and did not regain conscious- ness. His long residence in our city, his eminent and distinguished services in the pulpit, his identification for so many years with every work of charity and benev- olence, caused him to be regarded as belonging to no class or limited circle, but to the whole community. His death will be universally mourned as a public calam- ity. His great goodness of heart, his gentle and win- ning manners, his readiness and alacrity in responding at all times to demands made upon him, which were frequent and continuous, will be remembered with gratitude for many, many years." REV. D.A.NIEL BAKER, D.D. Rev. Daniel Baker, D.D., was pastor of this church from July, 1835, to November, 1836. He was one of the most noted and successful evangelists and home missionaries of his time, laboring in Virginia, Georgia and the Carolinas previous to his work in Kentucky, and afterward in Alabama and other Southern States, ^CL^ ^X>.=^< FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. py and more especially in Texas. In this latter State he did a great work in bringing the Gospel to that section, then almost entirely destitute of religious influences, and was the founder and principal promoter of Austin College, in the interest of which he made several tours through the Eastern States. Dr. Baker was descended from Puritan stock ; was born in Midway, Georgia, August, 1791, to which sec- tion his parents had removed from Dorchester, Mas- sachusetts, members of a colony which had been formed into a church in their New England home, " for the purpose of removing to the Carolinas and promoting the cause of religion ni the Southern plantations." After many hardships and reverses the colony finally located in Liberty County, Georgia, in 1754. At the age of nineteen Daniel Baker entered Hampden Sidney College, Virginia, then under the charge of Dr. Moses Hoge, where he spent two years in study. He then took the course at Princeton College, where he gradu- ated with high honors. He was licensed by the Pres- bytery of Winchester October, 181 6. His first charge was in Harrisonburg-, Virginia, where he was ordained and installed March, 1818. He afterward served as pastor of churches in Washington City and Savannah, and then, declining calls to various other churches, he took up the worlc of an evangelist, for which he had special gifts and a great love. He continued in this congenial labor for two years in the Southern Atlantic States and at several points in the State of Ohio. Vis- iting Kentucky in 1834, he was present at the meeting of Synod at Danville, and was invited to labor as evan- gelist in the Kentucky churches. Among other places in which he preached was Frankfort, and at the close ^8 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. of the protracted meeting he received a call by unani- mous vote to the pastorate of the church recently vacated by Dr. Edgar. He accepted the call, and served the church with great acceptance for about three years. While here he served as chaplain to the State Penitentiary, holding a service at nine A.M. He also supplied the pulpit, once or tw^ice a month, of the Lower Benson Church, often preaching four times on Sabbath. A very strong attachment existed between Dr. Baker and the people of this charge, in which his labors were greatly blessed. In 1837 he removed to Alabama, accepting a call to the church at Tuscaloosa, where he was pastor until 1840, when he accepted an appointment by the General Assembly's Board of Mis- sions to labor as missionary in Texas. After some months of evangelistic work, he was compelled, on account of ill health, to return to his home, and later served the church at Holly Springs, Mississippi, as pastor until 1848. Returning to Texas, he resumed the work there, first as evangelist, and then as agent of Austin Presbyterian College, in which he took a great interest, giving it the best service of his latter days. Dr. Baker died in Austin in December, 1857, at the age of sixty-seven, universally lamented by all classes of people, and especially by the church and the college which he had so faithfully served. REV. JOSEPH TAATES BULLOCK, D.D. Rev. Joseph James Bullock, D.D., who was pastor of this church from October, 1837, to August, 1846, was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, December 23d, 1812. He was the son of Waller Bullock, who was a man widely known and esteemed for his wisdom and . /3 .iyt^c^^ FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. lOI integrity, and for many years a ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church. Joseph, the eldest son, received his primary educa- tion at the school near by the family home, at Walnut Hills, and while still quite young was sent to Transyl- vania University. Later he attended Centre College, where he graduated in 1832. He read law for a short time, and was tutor in Centre College, and afterward studied theology with Dr. John C. .Young, President of Centre College. In 1835 he went to Princeton Theological Seminary, entering the Middle class, and after finishing the course returned to Kentucky, and was licensed by West Lexington Presbytery in Sep- tember, 1836. In the following December he was invited by the church at Frankfort to supply the pulpit for a period of twelve months, and entered at once upon the work, but before the end of this term he received a unanimous call to the pastorate, and was ordained and installed October 7th, 1837. While in Frankfort he served the v^tate as the first Superintendent of Public Instruction, having been appointed to that office by Gov- ernor Clarke. Owing to impaired health, he resigned the Frankfort pastorate in August, 1846, and for two years served as Corresponding Secretary and General Agent of the Board of Domestic ^lissions for the West and Southwest. In 184S he became pastor of the church at Walnut Hills, and Principal of the noted Female Seminary there, and at the same time supplied the pulpit of Salem Church, in the adjoining county of Clark. In 1850 he received the degree of D.D., which was conferred by Centre College. After serving the Second Church, Louisville, as pastor from 185^ to 1855, he returned to Walnut Hills, and resumed charge of the I02 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Female Seminary, in which he continued until the year i860. During a part of this period, in 1857 and 1858, he supplied tlie pulpit of his first charge, the church of Frankfort, which was then without a pastor. During i860 and a portion of 1861 he acted as Financial Agent of Danville Theological Seminary, and in 1861 became pastor of the Franklin Street Presbyterian Church, of Baltimore. This church he served until 1870, when he resigned to accept a call to the Second Church of Alexandria, Virginia. In 1874 he became pastor of the First Church, Alexandria, remaining in charge until 1880. From 1879 to 1884 he was chaplain of the Senate of the United States. During the last eight years of his life he resided in Washington City without any regular charge, but as his health permit- ted he diligently preached whenever opportunity was afforded. For twelve years he served as member of the Committee of Home and Foreign Missions of the Southern General Assembly, and for more than twenty years was on the Board of Directors of Union Theo- logical Seminary, Hampden Sidney. The Church hon- ored him with the Aloderatorship of the Centennial General Assembly, which met in his old church in the city of Baltimore in May, 1888. While on a visit to his children in Lexington, Ken- tucky, Dr. Bullock, after a short illness, died November 9th, 1892, in his eightieth year. Dr. Bullock married, in October, 1832, Miss Caroline L. Breckinridge, whose mother, Mary Clay Smith, was a daughtei of Rev. Samuel Stanhope Smith, President of Princeton Col- lege, whose wife, Ann Witherspoon, was a daughter of Dr. John Witherspoon. the most illustrious of the fathers of the I^-,-sbvterian Church. Bv this marriasfe ^^cr^vi.<^ FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 105 Dr. Bullock had eight children, four of whom, two sons and two daughters, survived him. The second wife, whom he married in 1869, was IMrs. Elizabeth T. Lav- ender, who, with one son by this marriage, is now living in Washington City. For the people of this, his first charge, Dr. Bullock entertained a very tender and lifelong affection, and his visits, at intervals during his latter years, to his old friends here, and his pulpit ministrations, were greatly enjoyed by both himself and this congregation. In a memorial adopted by the Synod of Virginia at his death it is said : " Dr. Bullock's work in his many fields of labor was eminently successful. His preaching was in a high degree spiritual, presenting the great doctrines of the grace of God in a form and manner that was impressive, persuasive and eloquent to a degree that was seldom equaled. All his noble qualities as a Christian man passed over into his sermons, and gave them a won- derful power over the hearts of his hearers. He retained his mental and physical vigor with remark- able continuity throughout his long life, extending to the close of his eightieth year, and a few davs before his death preached a sermon of exceptional power at Lexington." REV. STUART ROBINSON, D.D. Rev. Stuart Robinson, D.D., was born in Strabone, Tyrone County, Ireland, November 14th, 1814. His parents removed to .\merica in 181 5, and after a short residence in New Vork City, settled in Martinsburg, Virginia, where the mother died in 1819. She was the daughter of a Scotch Presbyterian, a most pious woman, I06 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. and endowed with a strong mind, and she transmitted her character to her six sons, especially to I'tuart, the fifth born. Soon after her death the father married again, and for some cause the family of sons became scattered. At the early age of six years Stuart was placed with an old German farmer, a Presbyterian, who discovered in the lad a wonderful aptitude for acquiring knowledge, and sent him to school with his own chil- dren. The Rev. J. M. Brown, Presbyterian minister of the neighboring church, being attracted by the remark- able mind of the boy, assumed care of his education, and took him to his own house. Under his care Stuart remained until the age of sixteen, when he was sent to Amherst College. Here he remained three years, graduating with distinction in 1834, in a class which has given to the Church and country a number of eminent ministers and statesmen. With the assistance of the Board of Education he entered Union Theological Seminary, in which he completed the two years' course of study, at the age of twenty-two. He then took charge of a school in Charleston, West \'irginia, which he conducted for two years, saving sufficient funds to repay the Board for the amount advanced for his theological studies and to enable him to spend a year in study at Princeton. He was licensed to preach in 1841, and was married in September of the same year to Miss Mary E. Brig- ham. He took charge of Maiden Church, near Charles- ton, West Virginia, where he remained several years, during which time he did a great deal of missionarv work in the destitute regions of the adjacent moun- tains. And it was during this period that he supplied for several months the pulpit of the Second Presbyte- FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. IO7 rian Church of Louisville, Kentucky, during the absence of the pastor, Rev. E. P. Humphrey, a college mate, who had been compelled to seek renewed health in travel abroad. During this residence in Louisville he became known to the Church in Kentucky, and so tavorably in Louisville that when a vacancy occurred in the becond Church some years afterward, he was called to the pas- torate. In September, 1846, he was called to the church at Frankfort, and was duly installed oi:\ June 17th, 1847. During his pastorate of six years this church was greatly strengthened. His great ability and power as a preacher attracted to the church large congregations, including the prominent men of the city, State officers, judges of the courts and members of the bar, which at that time contained a number of distinguished men. It was soon evident to all that the church was too small for the increased congregations, and the large and commodious building now occupied by the church was erected. He organized and personally conducted in South Frankfort a Female Seminary of high grade, in which many of the young ladies of Frankfort and adjacent towns received a liberal education. This school was under the care of the session of the church, and had an efficient corps of teachers, under Dr. Robinson's superintending care. He also became a promoter and leader in various enter- prises for the good and the development of the city, but in all these his duties to the church were by no means neglected, for to it and its work and interests he gave his best labors. In 1854 Dr. Robinson removed to Baltimore, and in 1858 was called, by the General Assembly, from the Central Presbyterian Church of that city to the Chair of Church Government and Pastoral Theology in tlie I08 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Theological Seminary at Danville, Kentucky, which position he held for two years. He then became pastor of the Second Church, Louisville, which relation he sus- tained until June, 1881, when on account of enfeebled health he resigned the active duties of the office and continued as '" pastor emeritus " until his death, which occurred the following October. His death was greatly lamented by all classes of society, and more especially by the Presbyterian Church of the State and country. Dr. Robinson was a man of great force of character. He had a wonderful intellect, which, strengthened by large research, made him a power both in and out of the pulpit, a great leader in the Church and famous throughout the country. As an editor and writer he had no superiors in his time, and as a preacher and expounder of the Scriptures he had few equals. REV. JEFFERSON PRICE SAFFORD, D.D. Rev. Jefferson Price Safford was born in Zanesville, Ohio, September 22d, 1823. He received his prepara- tory education in the Mclntire Academy, of his native town ; was graduated from the University of Ohio, at Athens, in 1843. He taught school at Covington, Ken- tucky, from 1843 to 1845 ; at the Indianapolis Academy from 1845 to 1847, '^i'"^^^ was Professor of Mathematics from 1847 to 1848 in the Baptist College, Covington, Kentucky. He then entered the Seminary at Prince- ton, New Jersey, where he took a three years" course in theology. He was licensed by the Presbytery of Philadelphia in April, 1851. He taught in Richmond (Virginia) Academy from 1852 to 1854, at the same time ^^'^^^^^^W^i^ FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. hi supplyino; the church at Bethlehem, Virginia. In Feb- ruary, 1855, he was ordained and installed pastor of the Frankfort Church by the Presbytery of West Lexing- ton, and resigned the charge in September, 1857. His successive fields of labor after Frankfort were : Pastor Piqua, Ohio, First Church, November, 1857, to Decem- ber, 1862; pastor First Church, New Albany, Indiana, December, 1862, to May, 1867; District Secretary of the Board of Home Missions for Ohio ,and Indiana from May, 1867, to January, 1870. In 1868 he returned to his old home, Zanesville, where he lived until his death. For two years he acted as President of Zanesville Uni- versity. He was the Stated Clerk of Zanesville Pres- bytery from 1873, and of the Synod of Columbus from 1876 until his death, which occurred in January, 1881. While living in Zanesville he supplied in succession the following churches : Brownsville, Fairmount Church, Roseville Church, l^niontown, Hanover, Kirkersville, Claysville and West Carlisle Churches. Dr. Safiford ended his active and useful ministry in his lifty-eighth year. He was a man of vigorous mind, of more than common originality of thought. He was a close student, an accomplished Greek and Hebrew scholar, was possessed of a warm heart and kindly humor, which drew to him many friends in the fields of his labors. The degree of D.D. was conferred upon him in 1855 by Washington College, Pennsylvania. Dr. SalTord in 1852 was married to Miss Cornelia M. Rav, of Indianapolis, who, with two sons and three daughters, survives him. 112 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. REV. bp:verly tucker lacy, d.d. Rev. Beverly Tucker Lacy was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, February 21st, 181 9. His father, Rev. William Sterling Lacy, removed to Mis- souri in 1821, where he remained a few years, and went to Tennessee, where he reared his family. After receiv- ing his preparatory education from his father, Beverly entered upon the study of law, designing to make that his profession. About this time he united with the church of which his father was pastor, and at once deter- mined to change his profession and study for the Gospel ministry. With this end in view he entered Washington College, \'irginia, from which he graduated in the class of 1843. He studied theology at Princeton Seminary under Drs. Archibald Alexander, Charles Hodge and Samuel Miller, graduating in the class of '46. Among his classmen were several v/ho afterward became distin- guished in the Church: Dr. Theodore L. Cuyler, Dr. Archibald A. Hodge, Dr. William M. Scott, Dr. Henry J. Van Dyke and Dr. Samuel B. McPheeters. Mr. Lacy's first charge was Kent Street Church, Winchester, Virginia, where he was ordained pastor in 1847, which he served for five years. In 1847 ^^^- La-cy was married to Miss Agnes Alex- ander, his second cousin, and niece of Dr. Archibald Alexander. She died in 1852, and was a lady remark- able for her loveliness of disposition and lofty Christian character. She left a son, John x^lexander Lacy, who w^as spared to minister to and comfort the father in his declining years, and is yet living, an honored member of the bar in Washington City. After Winchester, Mr. Lacy's next charge was in ^^Special services were held, at which a poem, written for the occasion by Mrs. Brown, was read. The first and the concluding stanzas are here quoted : " Oh! that the Power that reigns above. And governs all below. Would on this little work of love His gracious smile bestow. And send his Holy Spirit down. The labors of our hands to crown. " And these so loved — our hope, our care, Our grief and our delight; ' Our theme by day, our earnest prayer, Our frequent dream by night — Oh! may their names recorded stand A-mongst the happy few Who yet shall feast at thy right hand On pleasures ever new, And scan (all earthly love above) The mysteries of redeeming love." The total number of verses recited during the year 1828 was 80,691. Books and rewards distributed, 338. Number of scholars on the roll, 79. In the expendi- tures we note this entry : " For uniting the school with the American Sunday-school Union, $3.00." In 1829 the boys' department, which had hitherto met at a dififerent hour, assembled with the female school, and from thenceforth the two were united as one school, but in two distinct departments. In her report for this year the superintendent mentions with gratitude that ten of her teachers had united with the church. She mentions also " that Miss Elizabeth Birch 2IO HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. had recited with great accuracy during the year 6,974 verses, being the greatest number recited by any scholar in the history of the school in the same length of time. Thirty scholars have left the school during the year, and thirty-eight have been added. Total on the roll, 96. Three of the teachers. Miss Phillips, Miss Taylor and Miss McCurdy, have married during the year." In 183 1 Mrs. Brown gave a review of the work for the five years since its reorganization as a girls' school. In that time only three of the girls had died. Number of verses recited in the five years. . 342,500 Number recited previous to that time 200,000 Total .since organization in 1819 542,500 Books and rewards given in the five years. . 2,274 Books added to the library 390 Funds collected during the five years $256 5c Amount of expenditures $246 12 The A-b-c-darian Society had furnished tuition to poor chil- dren amounting to forty quarters. As a considerable number of scholars had removed from the town, the number uniting with the church could not be accurately given. Several had joined the Baptist and the Methodist Churches of this place, but the greater part had united with our own church. Number of teachers, sixteen, all of whom were now members of the church. Special mention was made of the faithfulness of the teachers, and praise for punctuality and efificiency was given to the librarian, Frances Deaver, who had been previously for nine years a scholar, and had in that time recited over twenty thousand verses of Scripture. From the concluding sentences of the report we are led to infer that there were some in tlie community who First Superintendent of Sabbath-school. SAB13ATH-SCHOOLS. 213 were not in sympathy with the work as conducted by the school. She writes : " The common saying that it is impossible to please everybody holds good with respect to the Sabbath- school as well as in less important matters. While many object to it as being too sectarian, others oppose it npon the claim that it is not sufficiently so. But recently I had a conversation with a Christian gentle- man, who was a most violent opponent of the whole system." To the report was appended a list of " donations not connected with the regular subscriptions to the school." From Dr. Wilkerson, 7 loads of wood. From Mr. John Brown, 4 hymn books. From Mr. John Brown. Bible Dictionary (Morocco). From Mr. John Brown, Life of Christ. From Mr. Mason Brown, four books and twelve primers. From Mr. Mason Brown, "The Ycunj? Christian" (Abbott). From Mr. John H. Hanna, Works of Josephus, (4 vols). From Mr. Page, nineteen Question Books. From Mr. Kdmond Taylor, "The Cabinet" (15 vols.). From Mr. John Vest, "No Fiction." From Mrs. Hodges, "Dun-Allan." From Miss Mary Jane Todd. "Religious Events." From Female Tract Society, six volumes ot tracts. From Female Bible Society, thirty Bibles. From Mrs. Margaretta Brown, bookcase and sixty-one vols. The bovs' department, organized and conducted by Judge Mills, was after his death, in 1831, for a short time under the care of Mrs. Featherston. It had decreased in numbers, and consisted of a single class of small boys. In 1834 Mr. William T^T. Todd, one of the young elders, then in his twenty-fourth year, took charge, and infused new life into this branch of the school. Securing the 214 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. active support of other gentlemen of the congregation, he soon had it on a good working basis, with sixty boys and youth in ten classes. The teachers during the first year were : John P. Bruce, John M. Thurston, David Meriwether, A. G. Hodges, Samuel Keane, William P. Morris, N. H. White, Hugh Goodwin, J. T. Mudge and John W. Pruett. Among the subscribers to the fund to buy books and other helps for the boys' department we find Rev. D. Baker, A. C. Keenon, Dr. L. J. Sharpe, Jacob Swigert, Colonel James Davidson, John J. Vest, Joseph Clarke, A. P. Cox, W. P. Loomas and J. E. Russell. The teachers of the girls' department in 1833-4 were: Mrs. Love, Mrs. Eliza Sharpe, Miss Phillips, Miss Birch, Miss Scott, Miss Watson, Mrs. Mary McQuiddy, Miss Ellen McQuiddy, Miss Betsey Mills, Mrs. Mary Lee, Miss Foster and Miss Russell, with Miss Crittenden librarian. In the classes we find the names of a number of girls who grew to womanhood, and lived to adorn the society of the town : Maria L. Crittenden, Mary Ellen Vest, Maria L. Wingate, Ann Mary Roberts, Mary Swigert, Ann E. Page, Jane Davidson, Laura Hensley, Sarah H. Russell, Sarah Rhodes, Elizabeth A. Todd. Harriet Russell. Allison ia Rennick, Mary Ellen Cloudas, Ann Mary Belt, Elizabeth and Catherine Dryden, Mary Jane Todd, Mary Lucy Mills, Margerite Whitehead and Sarah J. Blootnfield. Of these, twelve or thirteen are yet alive. Several of them were in 1836-7 added to the teaching force of the school, Mary Jane Todd, Sarah H. Russell, Mary Ellen Vest and Miss Crittenden, with the following ladi(>s from the congregation: Miss SABBATH-SCHOOLS. 215 Matilda Dryden, Mrs. William M. Todd, Mrs. Orlando Brown and Mrs. Samuel D. McCullough. Although the school was conducted in two depart- ments, with separate record books and officers, the whole was under the supervising care of Mrs. Brown, and so continued until her death. An impression is current that she gave up the office some time prior to that event, l)ut the contrary is clearly shown to be the case. Her account book of receipts of funds and expenditures, also her diary of incidents transpiring in the school, both kept in her handwriting, show conclu- sively that she was in active charge until her death, which occurred on the 28th of May, 1838. The books for each previous year, including 1837^ were duly bal- anced, but 1838 was closed in the fifth month by her death, the last entry made being on the eleventh day. This system of book-keeping and detailed account of the history and transactions of the school ceased with Mrs. Brown's administration. Some of her methods, however, were adhered to by her successors in office, by whom she was held in great respect and veneration. After Mrs. Brown's death, her most intimate friend and co-worker, Mrs. Elizabeth Love, who had been associated with her from the beginning of the work, was chosen by the teachers of the female department to take charge of it, while Mr. William M. Todd assumed control of the whole school. And to it he gave the best service and energies of his life for eighteen years. His devotion to its interests and his great success in the management of its afifairs, his affectionate solicitude tor the spiritual welfare of each and every member of the school, his godlv and consistent life, endeared him to 2l6 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. the scholars and to all who were associated with him in the work. x\mong the boys of the decade 1837-1847 were some who attained positions of honor and distinction in after life, some in the church, some in State, and some in the service of the country. Four became ministers of the Presbyterian Church, Thornton Mills, Eli Smith, Jr., Ben Mills and William O. Goodloe. Others became office-bearers in the church, Edwin Samuel, Samuel Bull, John Crittenden Watson, Will Sneed, Will Reading and Howe Watson ; while others attained eminence in the profession of law, B. Gratz Brown, George Vest, John M. Harlan, John Mason Brown, James Harlan and Dan Lindsey. One of these is now an Associate Justice in the Supreme Court of the United States, another has been a distinguished United States Senator for many years from jMissouri, while another is an Admiral in the United States Navy. Mrs. Elizabeth Love died in 1846, and there was no successor to the office of superintendent of the female department, both branches being merged in one, under Mr. William Todd as superintendent of the whole. Upon resigning the office in 1852, when removing from Frankfort, he. delivered a farewell address to the school, full of tenderness and solicitude, which showed the spirit and devotion which characterized his admin- istration. Air. John B. Temple was chosen by the teachers to succeed Mr. Todd, and he took up the work with great zeal, and gave it his unremitting care for about seven- teen vears. In connection with his other duties in the school, he organized and conducted a large Bible class, which was a source of great blessing to all its members. {lAT:! Aiv. i/^ f/h^ . i/^ pCjc<_^' SABBATH-SCHOOLS. 2I9 In a letter to the session, written after his removal to Louisville, he writes : " The welfare of the church has been very near to my heart, and I have loved its membership, and espe- cially its Sabbath-school children, with a sincere and abiding affection, watching their career with tender solicitude. I am devoutly thankful that so many of them whom I have personally taught the things which make for their eternal welfare, have become shining lights in the church." After iNIr. Temple's resignation and removal to Louisville, Mr. John M. Harlan for about a year was superintendent, prior to his removal also to that city. He was one of the boys of the school, and growing up with it, under its influence and teachings, it was fitting that he should be honored with the ofifice of superintendent. He was succeeded by Mr. S. C. Bull, the present incumbent, who has now for a period of over thirty years given the school the faithful and loving service of his lieart. hand and voice, and that his life may be spared to continue this work for many years to come is the earnest v>'ish and prayer of the church and school. During Mr. Bull's term the music has always been a leading feature in the exercises of the school. He being an accomplished singer and leader, the service of song under his direction has been maintained to a high standard of excellence. It is a matter worthy of note that during the life of this school, extending over the greater part of the century, practically but four superintendents have been in charge : Mrs. Brown, 2 20 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FR,-\NKFORT. twenty years ; Mr. Todd, eighteen years ; Mr. Temple, fifteen ; Mr. Harlan, one, and Mr. Bull, thirty-two years. The following boys, who were for a longer or shorter time members of the school, entered the ministry of onr Church : Thornton A. Mills, Benjamin Mills, EH Smith, Jr., William O. Goodloe, Joseph T. Leonard, Wilham L. McEwan, Edward H. Bull and Thomas P. Grant. SUPERINTENDENTS. MRS. MARGARETTA BROWN. Mrs. Margaretta Mason Brown was born in the city of New York, November, 1772. Her father, Rev. John Mason, D.D., a Scotch Presbyterian minister of that city, came to America from Londonderry, Ireland, in 1 761, at the age of twenty-seven. He was a man of great mental acquirements and force of character, and one of the leaders of the Church in his day. His son. Rev. John M. Mason, D.D., also attained an eminent position in the Church, and inherited, with his sister, from their illustrious father that strength of mind and character that was destined to make such an impress for good upon the succeeding generations. Margaretta Mason was reared in a religious atmosphere. She was educated and trained by Mrs. Isabella Grahame, the most noted and gifted educator in the city at that period, whose deep piety and religious character were impressed upon her pupils. In February, 1799, Miss Mason married the Hon. John Brown, of Virginia, and one vear later removed with him to Frankfort, then a town of a few hundred inhabitants, thus leaving the SABBATH-SCHOOLS. 221 advantages and attractions of the East for a sphere in the new, untried West. At that period there was no church, nor indeed any rehgious organization whatever, in the town. Mrs. Brown, being accustomed from childhood to the min- istry of the Word and the society of Christian people, felt severely the deprivations of her new home, and at once sought to remedy as far as she was able the exist- ing conditions. Being a woman of great energy and fertility of resource, as well as a devout and consecrated Christian, she opened her house to, and sought the pres- ence of all the gospel ministers who visited the place, and her home became speedily known as the " Preach- ers' Hotel." Religious services were held as often as possible, no minister being allowed to pass through the town without having an opportunity to preach. These services were held either in her home or at the Love House, near by, whose mistress, Mrs. Elizabeth Love, was a cordial co-worker with her in promoting these services. But Mrs. Brown's greatest work, and that which has enshrined her name in the hearts of all Chris- tian people of this community, to be held in grateful remembrance, was her work in establishing and main- taining up to the time of her death the Sabbath-school of our church. The benefits of her labor of love for the Master were by no means confined to her own church, and she often rejoiced in seeing her scholars unite with the other churches of the town. Of her work, some account has been given in the foregoing pages. Much more might well be written of her self-sacrificing devo- tion to the interests of the school, in overcoming the difficulties which beset her in providing the necessary helps for the scholars, and her painstaking training of 222 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FR.\NKF0RT. the teachers. She has l)een justly termed " The Pioneer Sunday-school Superintendent of the West,'' for hers was the second school organized west of the Alleghe- nies, the first one having been formed one year earlier (1809) in the city of Pittsburg. WILLIAM MONTAGUE TODD. William Montague Todd, the second in the line of Sabbath-school superintendents, was born March 30th', 181 1. In his younger days he was a practical printer, and wrought with Albert G. Hodges, his brother-in-law, who was for many years Public Printer to the State. This occupation Mr. Todd relinquished to engage in merchandising, and conducted successfully for many years an establishment known far and near as Todd's Bookstore. At the age of sixteen he united with this church, and two years later was made a deacon, in which office he served the church four years, when he was ordained ruling elder, at the age of twenty-three. At this time he took charge of the boys' department of the Sabbath-school, consisting of a single class of small boys. By his zeal and energy, in the course of a year he increased this to about sixty boys and youth, with ten teachers. Four years later, upon the death of Mrs. Margaretta PJrown, in 1838, he took full charge of the school as superintendent, which position he filled with eminent ability and faithfulness until his removal from Frankfort, in 1852. fn this work he was intensely in earnes*:, making the school his chief and constant care. In a parting address, made to the school upon the eve of his departure, full of tenderness and solicitude, among other facts he states that when a visitor in other cities he never failed to visit all the schools within his reach. /^/i Je^^L^^i/jL. SABBATH-SCHOOLS. 225 in order to obtain new ideas and methods for conducting his own school. He had a great hold upon the children of the town as well as upon those of our own church, and was a model Sunday-school superintendent. In 1852 he removed to Jessamine County, but in 1856 again returned to Frankfort, remaining here until 1859, when he located near Versailles, Kentucky, where he died in 1865. JOHN. B. TEMPLE. Mr. John B. Temple, who succeeded Mr. Todd in ofhce as superintendent of the Sabbath-school, was born in Logan County, at his father's place. Federal Grove, December 31st, t8i6. He received a Uberal education and prepared for the practice of law, but did not engage in the practice of that profession. He came to Frank- fort in 1850 to take charge as cashier of the recently organized Farmers' Bank. He served the State with ability during the early years of the Civil War as Presi- dent of the MiUtary Board, which practically had charge of the State's affairs during that unsettled period. Mr. Temple removed in 1868 to Louisville, to take the presidency of the Kentucky Mutual Life Insurance Company of that city, which position he filled with dis- tinguished ability until his death, in 1886. For a fuller account of his services in our church and Sabbath- school see another chapter. JOHN MARSHALL H.\RLAN. John T^Iarshall Harlan, who was superintendent of this school for a time after the departure of Mr. Temple, was born in Boyle County, near Danville, Kentucky, in 1833. 226 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Shortly after that date his father, Hon. James Harlan, one of the most distinguished lawyers of the Kentucky bar, removed to Frankfort with his family, and made it their future home. John's name first appears on the roll of the Sabbath-school in 1841, along with those of his brothers, Henry Clay and James. He received his preliminary education at the famous school of B. B. Sayre, of Frankfort, one of the most successful teachers of his day in the vState, who fitted his pupils to take a high standing in the best colleges. Gradu- ating from Centre College, Mr. Harlan entered Transyl- vania University Law School, under the distinguished professors, Judge George Robertson, Thomas A. Mar- shall and Madison C. Johnson. After licensure he prac- ticed law in Frankfort about eight years, during which time he served the State as Adjutant General, and Franklin County as Judge of the County Court. About the year 1861 he removed to Louisville for the practice of his profession, but the opening of the Civil War found him in command of the Tenth Regiment of Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, LTnited States Army, which he had enlisted for the service. He served the State as Attorney General for four years, 1863-1867, during which term he again resided in Frankfort, and at the expiration of which he again located in Louisville. In 1871 he was the Republican candidate for Governor, and in 1877 was one of the United vStates Commission sent by President Hayes to Louisiana. In November, 1877, he was appointed and confirmed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the LTnited States, and took his seat December loth following. SABBATH-SCHOOLS. 229 SAMUEL C. BULL. Samuel C. Bull, superintendent of the school since the year 1867, was born in Simpsonville, Shelby County, Kentucky, September 5th, 1834. He was the only son of Corban Bull and Lydia Metcalfe, his wife, whom he left a widow four months after the birth of their son. Samuel was brought up on the Metcalfe farm, receiving his schooling near by, from a country school, working on the farm in summer and attending school in the winter. At the age of fourteen he found it necessary to leave home, and entered the establishment of his kins- man. Dr. John Bull, in Louisville, where he remained a short time, and then came to Frankfort. Upon arrival here, in 1849,- he entered the bookstore of William M. Todd, with whom he remained imtil the store was sold in 1852, when he returned to Louisville, entering the noted establishment of Morton & Griswold, the only publishers of school books at that time in Kentucky. In 1857 ]\Ir. Bull returned to Frankfort, and again entered the bookstore of Mr. Todd, who had bought it back upon his return from the country. In January, 1859, ^ir- ^''-il^ succeeded Mr. Todd in the business, and continued it until 1873, when he entered the milling business. In 1878 he disposed of his interest in this enterprise, and for several years traveled as the repre- sentative of Eastern manufacturers. In 1884 he entered the establishment of R. K. McClure & Bro., of this city, and remains in the employ of that house to this date. 230 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. LEESTOWN MISSION SCHOOL. This school was organized by members of the First Presbyterian Church in the year 1878, in the old Lees- town schoolhonse, about a mile below Frankfort. For about two years the school was conducted in this build- ing, until the present chapel was erected. The attend- ance has from tlie beginning been good, and the work encouraging. The community has experienced in a marked degree the beneficial results of the mission, which has been to it a blessing temporally as well as spiritually. The teachers have been very faithful and self-denying in their labors, in the heat of summer and the cold of winter. Preaching has been also maintained, and special services by the pastor of this church, and during several summer seasons by theological students. Since the organization of the mission school about one hundred persons have been through it added to the First Church. The work is still carried on mostly by the members of this church, who have had it in charge from its beginning. Mr. R. K. McClure has been in charge as superintendent and principal promoter and manager, ably assisted by Mr. Frank Chinn and Miss Mary Page. The teachers at the present time (April, 1901) are: R. K. McClure, Frank Chinn, Miss Mary Page, Miss Rebecca Averill. Miss Bessie Blanton, Miss Harriet McClure, Miss Cordelia Bull and Miss Virginia Chinn. This mission is a noble work, and well deserves the active sympathy and support of our congregation. Ruling Elder and Superintendent of Sabbath-school. CHAPTER VI. STATISTICS Compiled from the Minutes and other Official Papers. Miscellaneous O O o o o o o o o o o lOCO lOCO CO 01 w „ >- ^ rO -^ 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 O iO\0 MiOOOiOOOiOO Congregational. oooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooooo OOOOOOOOOOOOUODOOOO loioo o o o o loioior^iocNoo loc^ >n r^ r^oo vo^oct^^h^O'*P^-'"SO(NOO ^ - (N tV)(\lM,_MrtMl_| MM Gen. Assembly Fund : i : 8 : • • :o • oooooooooo 0900000000 OOOOOQUOOO'-' Education. ■ 88 8 %6> [ 8 :888 ;8 w • lONO Tl- • '^ NO ■ t-^ ro ro ■ M -* fO _ ro Home Missions. :S3 ; ; ■ C (N • ■ rOCO • 8 : NO ■ 0( • ■ ■ ■ ON" "0 -0 -^ M ■ h- NO ■ CS S. S. Members. • lOX CO c ^ rO rO fO -^ 1- ^ ^^ r^CO CZD O ON " i-( x H. cs 0 O (N ^ CO O "OCO O lO o B Adults . . -* Whole Number. 0^ ro rOCO CO rO^rJ-'tO ts O " O ONfOONtN rO •^ ^ f-^ t^GO r^ t^CO O^CO ONONrorOM rOO O c Certificate • ^ •vO-'1-rOCS r^^ w cr> t^ lOvO uo m P) •-''-' — (NCSi-i ^-ii-i^-i-i Home Missions i-H « M S. S. Members. OOOO^OOO^^C^^O^OOOO>OlO^OlO t^\0 vc ^ lo^o CO !~o IN to ^ mco r^ t^ t^ t^ t^ t~^ ■A p Adults ^O -PiMMvO — ^— (N rO^ CS ■-. .^ lO r^ CQ Infants (N M r^':^0^^0^^^rOtr)iOrOro-*-^rO^ " O 0«„mm(N-.-hMOvO t-^CC^ O O ►- tN ro "^ lO lO uo lO^D »,0vOv0m3^0^^v£>v£) t^t^ t^CO I^ COCOCO'COCOCOCO'CO'COCOCOCOCOaDCOCOCOCOCO Miscellaneous . . 8 -88888 -88888888888 lO \0 ro t^ O t^ t^^ OCO "VO 0^^ rOt-^CS • O ON O " CC -^ C/D TtvO O VO VD rO (S (S rj-vD 1 ^ Congregational. 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 lO r^ lO lO lO O ^nO lO CS rO rO Cn rO^D VO CO ON Tf •* 3 -^ fS rO CM^CO ON "* M O ro ^^nO^ "^ "^ "^ ^„ ^„ "^ (N~ CN~ tN (n' oT oT -T -'" -^ rO lO rO rO rO ro rO rO fO rO rO Gen. Assembly Fund 8 88888883-888388888 88 lONO vO ^O t^r^I^t^iO t^^O r-^ O ro rO lO t^vO 0^ Bible Society. .. '^ oooooooooooooooo • -oooooooooooooooo r^ T) lo lo iond 0"0(NiMtN^^^-CO tN - ON-H (N liO'^ S. S. Members, j lOlOlOlOlOlOO lO»O0 ONIOVOI^— •— rOO t^Ol(N(N(N|tNU0(NMrOt^0ONrftNNO ^tCO rO CN "N0)0)M01(NNCNl(NICNrOM(NMtStN|r)CMcO B 4-1 O. QQ Adults r^lOrOlOCNM . CSONONrOlO'* ONCO CO lO ON 0) Infants. •* lO t^ O 00 rONO lO " >OC0 rO O roCO O O -* ON ON Whole Number. lOQOiO^ONOOOOOOOO-^^tSvONOON- t^O -ir>li-rOi-'i-ii-iCTN LOnO t^CO On O " CN rO -t- iOnO I^CO On " 0__ rO Gen. Assembly Fund 888888 C - 00 u-> ro rO VO VD uo -^ ■* Tf Aid for Colleges 8 8 8888 tN O 0) Ol ^ r^Tj- ON'* ON n O) Ol 'It,^ Foreign Missions 8 8 8 8 8 8 01 I~- ro O X vo lo o>^ lo 01 -^ ^ „ H. „ Home Missions. 8 8 8 8 8 8 '^ rO\0 ^ ^ VO O vO ro ^3- VO 01 ro in Ol - - - 1 ^ S. S. Members. 1 H- r^ rOvO 'I- o> 1 lO •* ■* Ol ON ON 1 01 Ol ro rO Ol 01 D. Adults .... ►- CO 01 01 — lO Infants 1 X VO ^CO ONGO 1 " " " " "" Whole Number. 1 rO 01 01 vO lOvO 1 CO ON O-.vO VO ^ 1 '*•*-* ^ ^ '^ c T3 < Certificate.. 1 - CO t^ ro '^CO 1 " Examinat'n 1 ON 01 ro O lOvO I^CO ON ON ON ON t^ On X CO CO CO Xi ON 238 HISTORY OP FIRST CHURCH, FR.\NKFORT. RECAPITULATION. Additions on Examination 1,237 Additions on Certificate 324 Infant Baptisms 859 Adult Baptisms yj-j Funds contributed to — Home Missions $13,906 00 Foreign Missions 7,50i 00 Education 6,726 00 Publication and S. S. Work... 10,372 00 Church Erection 1,217 00 Ministerial Relief Fund 2,396 00 Freedmen 723 00 Synodical Missions 2,268 00 Aid to Colleges 4,304 00 Bible Society 2,17600 General Assembly 1,802 00 Congregational Expenses 187,19800 Miscellaneous Benevolence 27,02600 Total for all purposes $267,411 00 GENERAL, SUMMARY. ^39 STATEMENT OF FUNDS SENT TO SOUTH- ERN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. Year. c 3 n 0' D ri Cfq' t/l o' 3 (/. y 5' 3 Church Extension 3" < El C 3 CL m S- 5' 3 s. 3 3 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1S94 1895 1896 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900 $47 00 60 32 59 00 67 82 49 33 64 76 59 00 79 62 87 18 72 40 89 00 loi 37 91 17 36 05 45 00 36 25 42 02 35 52 $38 00 36 92 52 00 51 00 5848 45 28 34 30 49 60 46 92 47 63 56 50 56 00 60 00 40 25 40 00 58 00 42 75 41 40 «i6 95 18 72 18 50 20 55 17 35 17 18 18 00 20 09 1847 26 00 35 45 32 63 25 30 25 00 26 00 22 00 21 05 $17 50 12 05 17 50 22 97 19 05 14 80 13 00 22 10 17 10 30 00 34 00 33 55 30 00 23 50 25 00 18 00 21 00 15 32 $20 48 15 10 20 50 27 50 3* 70 20 83 37 20 30 47 30 93 45 00 42 00 42 57 37 50 25 00 30 00 22 50 25 50 20 00 $16 00 12 00 16 00 47 10 20 20 17 90 22 55 23 43 24 22 30 00 35 58 30 60 27 55 26 85 25 00 20 00 21 00 21 00 5?i7 35 7 20 17 50 15 25 16 47 17 18 15 17 17 63 14 97 25 35 27 25 28 75 23 00 22 50 16 50 16 00 15 46 15 00 $1,122 81 $865 03 5^379 15 $386 44 $524 78 $46 .38 $328 53 RECA PITULATION. Home Missions $1,122 81 Foreign Missions 86503 Publication 370 j. Church Erection 386 ^ Ministerial Relief 524 78 Education 46138 Freedmen 028 53 $4,068 12 240 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. OFFICERvS OF THE CHURCH FROM ITS ORGANIZATION. PASTORS AND SUPPLIES. Rev. Eli Smith Pastor, 1817 to 1827 Rev. John T. Edgar. D.D Pastor, 1827 to 1833 Rev. Daniel Baker, D.D Pastor, 183410 1836 Rev. Joseph J. Bullock, D.D Pastor, 1837 to 1846 Rev. Stuart Robinson, D.D Pastor, 1847 to 1853 Rev. John R. Hendrick Supply, 1853 Rev. J. P. Safford, D.D Pastor, 185S to 1857 Rev. Joseph J. Bullock, D.D Supply, 1858 Rev. B. T. Lacy, D.D Pastor, 1858 to 1862 Rev. John S. Hays, D.D Pastor, 1862 to 1867 Rev. J. McClusky Blayney, D.D.. Supply, 1867 to 1869 Rev. Leroy J. Halsey. D.D Supply, 1869 Rev. John H. Neshitt Pastor, 1870 to 1876 Rev. J. W. Pugh, D.D Pastor, 1877 to 1883 Rev. J. McClusky Blayney. D.D. .Pastor, 1884 to date. RULING ELDERS. Thomas Paxton Installed 1816, served 12 years James J. Miles Installed 1816, served 14 years John M. Foster Installed 1816, served 4 years David C. Humphreys. . .Installed 1825. served 3 years William Boyd Installed 1825, served 3 years Robert Hamilton Installed 1825, served 3 years Robert Brown Installed 1827, served 6 years Benjamin Mills Installed 1828, served 3 years Jervis Russell Installed 1828. served 12 years Luke Munsell Installed 1828, served 4 years John Brown Installed 1832. served 5 years GENERAL SUMMARY. 241 William AT. Todd fnstalled 1834, served 18 years Joseph Clarke Installed 1834, served 41 years Benjamin Monroe Installed 1841, served 19 years William J. Phillips Installed 1841, served 19 years Zepheniah Williams Installed 1841, served 14 years Asa Farrar Installed 1846, served 7 years Richard Knott Installed 1852, served 2 years John B. Temple Installed 1852, served 19 years Thomas S. Page Installed 1856, served 8 years Samuel C. Bull Installed 1863, served 38 years Hugh Allen Installed 1866, served 8 years William II. Averill Installed 1866, served 35 years E. h. Sanjuel Installed 1875, served 26 years Daniel R. Jones Installed 1875, served 8 years George A. Robertson. . .Installed 1877, served 16 years R. K. McClure Installed 1877, served 24 years Frank. Chinn Installed 1877, served 24 years William T. Reading Installed i877,_ served 24 years Peter Rule Installed 1890. served 2 years CLERKS OF SESSION. David C. Humphreys Served 1825 to 1828 Dr. Luke Mnnsell Served 1828 to 1833 Thornton A. Mills Served 1833 to 1835 V/illiam M. Todd .Served 1835 to 1852 Judge B. Monroe Served 1852 to i860 Thomas S. Page Served i860 to 1863 John B. Temple Served 1863 to 1867 William H. Averill Served 1867 to 1901 SABBATH-SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS. Mrs. Margaretta Brow^n 1819 to 1838 Mr. William M. Todd 1838 to 1852 Mr. John B. Temple 1852 to 1866 Mr. John M. Harlan 1866 to 1867 Mr. S. C. Bull 1867 to 1901 R. K. A'IcClure. Supt. Leestown Mission. .. 1878 to 1901 242 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. DEACONS. Austin P. Cox Insta John Swingle.... Insta George A. Robertson. . .Insta John S. Brown Insta William M. Todd Insta Albert G. Hodges Insta Joseph Clarke '. . . Insta John P. Reading •. .Insta James F, Dryden Insta William J. Phillips Insta George W. Lewis Insta Richard Knott Insta Thomas S. Page Insta Daniel Harris Insta William T. Herndon. .. .Insta J. M. Mills Insta E. L- Samuel Insta S. C. Bull Insta J. M. Todd Insta W. T. Reading Insta R. K. McClure Insta Frank Chinn Insta H. H. Watson Insta J. W. Pruett Insta W. H. Sneed Insta John AlcClure Insta George C. Watson Insta Dr. J. Q. A. Stewart Insta Dr. S. E. James Insta William Craik Insta Charles E. Hodge Insta T. L. Edelen Insta W. C. Herndon In«ta J. Buford Hendrick Insta David Nicol Insta Thomas P. Averill Instal William A. Bull Instal died 1828, lied 1828, lied 1828. lied 1829, lied 1829, lied 1830, lied 1830, lied 1830, lied 1830, lied 1834, lied 1841, lied 1841, lied 1846, lied 1846, lied 1846, lied i8s6. lied i86u, lied t86o. lied 1866. lied 1866, lied 1875, lied 1875. lied 1877, lied 1877, lied 1877, lied 1877, lied T877. lied 1884. lied 1884. lied 1884. lied 189s, lied 189.S, lied 1895, lied 189.S, lied 1895. led 1 901 led T901 served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served served 31 years 12 years 48 years II years 5 years 43 years 4 years 30 years 18 years 7 years 7 years II years ID years 8 years 8 years 27 years 5 years 3 years 31 years II years 2 years 2 years 20 years 24 years 24 years 8 years 2 years 14 years 17 years 10 years 6 years 6 years 6 years 6 years 6 years GENERAL, SUMMARY. 243 ROLL OF MEMBERSHIP. Those marked f were among the original members of the church. Those marked * were received upon certificate from another church. All others were received upon profession of their faith. FIRST RECORDED ROLL. (Minutes of Session, May 5th, 1825.) Mrs. Margaretta Brown.f Mrs Elizabeth Love,t Mrs. Jane Cox.f Mrs. Mary Evans.f Mrs. Mary Blane.f Mrs. Elizabeth Hardin,t Mrs. R.ebecca Paxton.f Mrs. Elizabeth Cammack.f Miss Lucy Cammack,t Mrs. Isabella Whitehead.! Mrs. Mildred Tunstell,t Thomas Paxton,t John M. Foster, "T James J. Miles, t Hamilton Crockett,t Mrs. Sarah Reyburn.f James Y. I.ove.f Miss Elizabeth Paxton.f Miss Jane Paxton.f Mrs. .'Vnn Crockett.f Mrs. Isabella Miles,t Mrs. Betsey Mitchell,-; Mrs. Wallace, Maria K. Crittenden, Miss Lucy Thomas, Miss Catherine Crumbaugh, David C. Humphreys, (i) Mrs. Mary Humphreys, Miss Elizabeth Humphreys, Mrs. Sorrell, Mrs. Henrietta Brown, Mrs. Eliza Monroe, Mrs. WilUam Phillips, Mrs. Harriet Russell, Mrs. Mary Smith, (2) Mrs. Chinn Smith, Mrs Eliza Sharpe, Mrs. Mary Reading, Mrs. Nancy Boyd, Mrs. Mary Hamilton, John Reading, Mrs. Livingston, Miss Sarah Paxton, Miss Lucy Thomas, Mrs. Louisa Crumbaugh, Mrs Jane Lindsey, Mrs. Nancy Scott, Thomas Scroggin, Mrs. Isabella Scroggin, Mrs. Catherine Scott, Mrs. Alice McQuiddy, Miss Fannie Wallace, Mrs. Letitia Rennick, Mrs. Sarah Watson, John P. Thomas, John J. Vest, John Goodman, (,',) Robert Brown, William Boyd, (i) Robert Hamilton. (i) (i I Ruling Elder. (2) Wife of Rev. EH Smith. (3) Musical instrument maker. Made first piano-forte used in Executive Mansion. 244 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1825. Mrs. Lucy P. Todd, Mrs. Willis A. Lee, William Grooms, Joseph Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Swan, Miss Harris Gray, Mrs. Harriet Vest, Mrs. Sallie Morris, Mrs. John Baltzell, Mrs. Jane Harris, Mrs. Jane Goodman,* Mrs. James McBrayer. 1826. Mrs. Marcia Fester. 1827. William Firth. Tviissan Cox, Mrs. Sally Logan. Mrs. Nancy Taylor, Mrs. Sarah Humphreys, Mrs. Patience Goodrich, Philip Taylor, William M. Todd, Mrs. Sarah Noel.* 1828. Mrs. A. F. Denny, Mrs. Eliza Munsell, Miss Rebecca Phillips, Mrs. Elizabeth Wilkinson, Letitia Todd, Alexander Parker,* Thomas T. Crittenden, Mary Ann Watson, Mrs. Mary Crittenden, Mrs. Jane McCurdy, Mrs. Sarah Runyan, Mrs. Jesse Brown, Mrs. A. F. McCurdy, Ann Lindsey, Rebecca B. Bibb, John Swingle, Charles J. Spencer, John Hardin, Catherine A. Morrison, Dr. Luke Munsell, John Brown, A. F. McCurdy, Matthew Clarke. Joseph' Clarke, Dr. Leander J. Sharpe, Charles H. Letcher, John Scott, Victor Monroe, James P. Price, Wm. B. Logan, Thomas Triplett, John P. Reading, George Reading, John Green, Albert G. Taylor, John Blane, Wm. J. Phillips, Jacob Cheney, Wm. C. Jones, Ridgely Greathouse, James W. Denny, Garvas E. Russell, Catherine Major, Elizabeth Brown, Catherine Scott, Ann Hunter. GENERAL SUMMARY. 245 Letitia Rennick, Arabella Scott, Agnes H. Todd, Gabrella A. Harvie. Elmira Gale, Margerite Bell, Elizabeth Pendleton, . Mrs, Martha A. Roberts, Mrs. Mary Swingle, Mrs. Sarah Ann Taylor, Mrs. Julia F. Sneed, Mary Cheney, Mary J. Tompkins, Elizabeth Beaver, Frances Hawkins, Rebecca Triplett, Catherine Waller, Jane Bell Davis G. Taylor, Samuel A. King. Joseph W. HalU* Benjamin Mills,* James F. Dryden,* John S. Brown,* William Morris, Thornton A. Mills,* Nathaniel White, J. G. Miles, Mrs. Maria H. Blanton, Mrs. Mary Grooms, Mrs. Jane L. Swigert, Mrs. Eliza V. Blair, Mrs. Elizabeth Keenon, Mrs. Elizabeth Burch. Mrs. Elizabeth Brown,* Mrs. Mary Richardson,* Mrs. Frances Campbell, Mrs. Lucinda Baker, Lewis F. Sneed, John L. May, John P. Cammack, Richard Long, Austin P. Cox, Charles P. Bacon, Robert Taylor, George A. Robertson, Joseph Hickman, Mrs. Jane B. Page, Albert G. Hodges, Mrs. Elizabeth Hodges, Mrs. Bathsheba Long, Miss Jane Breckinridge, Mrs. Caroline Bacon, Mrs. Mary E. Todd, Miss Maria Miles, Mrs. Mary Reynolds, Miss Xnna B. Miles, Mrs. Ann Crittenden 1829. Mrs. Lavinia Lyn£, Mrs. Mary P. Epes Miss Catherine Fostv. Mrs. Mary Dryden,* Mrs. Mary R. Mills,* Miss Elizabeth Mills,* Miss Leonora McCurdy, Martha Mitchell, Mrs. Esther Haggan, Mrs. Henrietta Campbell. 1830. Mrs. Ann Morris, James Gaines, William D. ^onng,* John H. Paxton, Micajah Goin, John Campbell, Willis Taylor, Mrs. Mary Goin. 246 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 183I. William Hatton, William M. Grooms,* Miss Madisonia Todd, Mrs. Nancy Cammack Allen H. Clarke, 1832. Miss ]\Iary Willis Rennick, Miss Susan C. Russell, Miss Mary McCurdy. Wood M. Smith, 1834. Mrs. Catherine B. Dryden,* Miss Matilda W. Dryden,* Miss Margerite H. Dryden,* William Adair.* Louisa Crumbaugh, Miss Sarah H. Russell, Miss Ann Maria Julian, Mrs. Juliet Samuel, Thomas J. Todd,* Mary Jane Todd. Mrs. Mary Todd,* Mrs. Hannah W. Blair,* Mrs. Agnes Patterson,* Mrs. Rachel Lewis, John A. Scroggin, Mrs. Ellen Clarke. Mrs. Cath. Throckmorton, Mrs. Elizabeth Adair, Sarah Richardson, Mrs. Sarah Martin. David Meriwether, John W. Pruett, Nathaniel H. White, Samuel Keane, John P. Bruce, Aliss Sarah Hughes, John M. Thurston, Miss Patsey Hughes,* Miss Eloise Taylor, Mrs. Ann C. Tingle,* Miss Ann Eliza Dryden, 1835. Moses B. Morrison, James Waller, Wm. W. Linfield, Henry Waller, G. F. Mudge, James Leonard, Margerite Haley, Frances A. Johnson, Benjamin Mills, John McFarland Mills, Wm. S. Waller, Sam'l D. McCullough,* Aiiss Amaryllis Connover, Mrs. Catherine Waller, Miss Ann D. Waller, Mrs. E. B. Baker,* Mrs. Ann C. Richardson, Mrs. Mary B. Richardson, Miss Sarah Crumbaugh, Catherine Watson, Mary Clarke, Eli7abeth Johnson, Mrs. Harriet McCullough,* Mrs. Ann Foster.* GKNERAI, SUMMARY, 247 Miss Mary A. Foster,* Mrs. Maria Cabel, Mrs. Lavinia Coghlan, Miss Frances Deaver, William Skillman,* 1836. Miss Elizabeth Parker,* Dr. Jas. J. Miles, Miss Sarah Goin, Mrs. Margerite Johnson, Mrs. Klvira Skillman.* 1837- Mrs. Ann J. CritLtnclen.* Dr. A. R. Hann,* Mrs. Leonora Hann,* Joseph O. Ellis, Mrs. Caroline L. Bullock, 1838. Mrs. Mary Napier, Miss Ellen Morris, John P. Morris, Miss Mary Lucy Mills, Miss Ellen Miles. George Parent,* John Moore,* Mrs. Sarah Moore,* Wm. P. Morris, Mrs. Eleanor Harris,* G. W. Lewis, Elizabeth McFall, Charles Leonard, Benjamin Pilbeam, Robert D. Collins, Ellen Hydes, Samuel Knott, Miss Mary A. Clarke, Miss Rachel Deaver, John Wilson, Thomas Somerville, Richard Knott, Mrs. Mary Y. Brown,* Charles T. Taylor, Hamilton Kerr,* Jane Pilcher, Miss Cornelia A. Crittenden. Thomas W. Foster, Mrs. Elizabeth Johnson, Catherine Monroe, Joseph L. Hopper. 1839- 1840. Mrs. Elizabeth Owsley,* Mrs. Frances McCracken,* Mrs. Evelina Morehead,* Mrs. Cordelia Brodhead. Miss Margerite Whitehead, James R. Patton, Letitia P. Breckinridge, Mary Ann Morris, Mary Ellen Cloudas, Elizabeth S. Taylor, Henry Vandegrift, William T. Leonard, John H. Russell, Deborah Judge, Sarah E. Morris, Ann Maria Lewis, Coleman Reading, Marj' Ellen Leonard, 248 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Caroline C. Holton, Susanna R. Morris, Catherine M. Morris, George Taylor, Peyton Shaw, Mary A. Sproule, Thomas L. Judge, Mary A. Crumbaugh, Julia H. Robertson, Mary C. McQuiddy, Eliza T. Rennick, Ann E. Russell, Louis F. Todd, 1 841. Miss Elizabeth Lewis, Mrs. Martha H. Blanton.* Mrs. Letitia Hughes,* Mrs. Charlotte L. Letcher,* Mrs. Harriet Tweedie. Zepheniah Williams, Mrs. Catherine Williams, Beniamin Monroe, Charles King, Mrs. Jane B. Todd, Elizabeth Dryden, Cornelius Coghlan, Ann Mary Robertc, Harriet Taylor, Ellen E. Clarke, Mary C. McKee, Mary W. Davidson, Charles J. Brooks, David Tweedie, Mrs. Mary W. Brown, Sarah Lee Crittenden, Cinthia Monroe, Andrew Monroe, Wm. P. Monroe, Catherine Rennick, Mrs. Mary W. Buford, Mrs. Sarah Jane Bacon, William Lyons, Mrs. Catherine L. Todd.* 1842. Miss Ann Eliza Page, Sarah E. Blanton, Hannah C. Dryden, Allisonia Rennick, Franklin Dillon, Alexander Bradley, James W. Batchelor, Mrs. Mary E. Batchelor, Miss Harriet J. Clarke, Miss Jane A. Dryden, Benjamin Monroe, Jr., Mrs. Eliza Harlan,* Mrs. Ann Innes, Mary Clarke, Mary Scott, Robert B. McKee, William R. Williams, Z. B. Wilhanib, Walker Rawson, Miss Harriet Evans, A. A. Patterson, Miss Elizabeth Long, .Samuel M. Long. 1843- Mrs. Nancy Robertson, Miss Adaline Cloudas, Mrs. Susan Smith,* Mrs. Joyce Mills, Mrs. Mary B. Hill,* Mrs. Sara Bergstresser. GENERAL SUMMARY. 249 1844. Mrs. Sarah Marsh, Miss Margerite Campbell, Mrs. Sarah Maisch,* George Harper,* Mrs. Mary McOwen, Mrs. Eliza Hitchman. 1845. Asa Farrar,* Mrs. Martha Farrar,* Dr. O. S. Wilson,* Miss Harriet V. Russell, Miss Elizabeth T. Harlan, Miss Cristine McEwan, Alexander H. Rennick, Mary E. McClure, William T. Herndon, Mrs. Mary E. Moffatt, James Read, Mrs. Ann Hord, Matthew C. White, James Taylor, Mrs. Elizabeth Harbison, John Lewis, Henry Clay Harlan, N. R. Siler, George Vest, Mrs. Louisa Siler, Miss Mary O. Lewis, Mrs. Lucy B. Watts, Amelia G. Anderson,* Mrs. Catherine Lehman,* Mrs. Hannah Goodwin, Mrs. Abijah Hughes, George Washington, Edward S. Washington, Letty Washington, Mrs. A. E. Washington, 1846. Thomas D. Tilford.^ Mrs. Hannah Johnson, Mrs. Margerite L. Clarke, William Sampson,* Thomas S. Page, John W. Taylor, Mrs. Susan Watson, Miss Louise W. Rennick, Daniel H. Harris, John J. Page, James R. Watson, Miss Hettie M. Bowmar, Davis Harbison,* William Braden,* . Miss Phebe Bergstresser, Dr. Benjamin Monroe. Mrs. W. M. Brown,* Miss Catherine Monroe, W. B. Nold,* Mrs. H. T. Nold,* Mrs. Elizabeth Woolfolk, Miss Mary McMurtry, Mrs. Mary Cogswell, Robert Hygate. 1847. Mrs. Lucy Shackelford, Mrs. Elizabeth Williams, Mrs. Rebecca Carlisle, Mr. John R. Hendrick, W. R. Williams, Abijah Hughes. 250 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1848. William Strobridge, Mrs. Rebecca G. Averill, Miss Maria L. Averill, E. R. Smith, Mrs. Ann Wallace, Mrs. Effie Strobridge, Mrs. Margerite J. Herndon, Mrs. Harriet Brcrwnlow.* 1849. Mrs. Susan M. Temple,* Mrs. Margerite Leavy,* Mrs. Ashley Green,* Mrs. Marcia Rosson, John M. Todd. Mrs. Lavinia Herndon, Mrs. ATargerite Lynn, Miss Sarah A. Clarke, Samuel Gill, Dr. Joseph W. Roberts, Miss Ann Mary Belt, EdAvin L. Samuel, Charles J. Clarke, Joseph Foxj Charles E. Taylor, J. J. Hendricks. John Clarke, George W. Crunibaugh, William Clarke, Miss Sarah Belt, Miss Mary Todd Hodges, Miss Martha Morris, Miss Rebecca Triplett, Miss Laura Harlan, Miss ATaria Cronley, Miss Elizabeth E. Averill, Miss Jacqueline Page, Miss Augusta Page, Miss Jane J. Page, 1850. Thomas Harper, Mr?. Mary Shannon, Mr. Terah T. Haggan, Miss Ann A. Hodges, Miss Harriet Pettitt, Miss Martha W. Hodges, Miss Lucy V. Blanton, W. A. Redman, James R. I'age, Jr. Harvie Breathitt. Miss Frances Smith, Eugene W. Crittenden, Lewis McChesney, John A. Rennick, Miss Frances Mills, Peter Mills, John G. Keenon, Edgar Keenon, Miss Susan Ruffner, Miss Margerite Ruffner, Miss Sarah M. Cox, Miss Henrietta Ruffner, Miss Catherine Robinson, Miss Felicia J. Clarke, Miss Matilda Dryden, Aliss Ellen Chambers, Joseph Smith. j\Jiss -May J. Wood, Miss Mary Phillips Cox, Terah Haggan, Jr., Joseph T. Leonard,* John Seller. Mrs. Sarah Harbor, Mrs. Mary B. Harper,* Mrs. Catherine Harper, GUNERAIy SUMMARY. 251 Samuel Fay,* Mrs. Aletha Brigham,* Miss Eliza Shannon, Miss Adeline Haggan, Mrs. Cordelia A. Roberts, Mrs. Susan A. Rodman,* Henry Gerhart. Miss Jessie Carmichael, John B. Temple, 1851. Mrs. Martha A. Wooley, John Phlager, Mrs. Sarah C. Henry. James L. Sneed. Miss Amanda Morris, Miss Eliza Monroe,* Miss M. M. Wagley.^ Mrs Mary V. Gale, Clarke Knott. 1852. Miss Sarah J. Thornton. Miss Isabella Price,* Mrs. Harriet E. Todd, Miss Annie M. Cowie. Mrs. Mary Long, Mrs. Mary Ellen Overton, Miss ]\Iary Swigert, Mrs. Mary Judge, Mrs. Florida Price,* Mrs. Louisa George, Mrs. Maria R. Price. 1853- Mrs. Sarah Ramsey, Mrs. Elizabeth Lobban, Miss Bettie Monroe, Miss Cornelia Wheat, Mrs. Catherine Scott, Mrs. Sarah J. Miller. Mrs. Cornelia Safford, Catherine Taylor, Archibald King, Philip Loesch, Mrs. Katherine Loesch, Mrs. Charlotte Harbison, Mrs. Susan Page. Miss Eliza King, Mrs. Louisa Crockett, Henry Murray, John T. Leavy, Mrs. Ann M. Frazier, Mrs. Elizabeth Hamilton.* 1854. 1855- Mr. J. Nourse. Peter Waldschmidt, Katherine Waldschmidt. Mrs. Aramenta Nourse, William Haly, Thomas T. Crittenden.* Mrs Gabrella Breathitt,'' Earnest Nitchey, Miss Elgetha Keenon, Mrs. Katura Mills, Mrs. Mary Clarke, Miss Susan King, Miss Polly Monroe. 252 rilSTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1856. Robert Nicol, Mrs. Henrietta Nicol, John B. Tilford, James Evans, Mrs. Mary Henderson, William W. Hutchinson, Lucretia Hocker, Miss Mary R. Todd, Miss Martha Todd, Miss Catherine Reading, Mrs. Henrietta Keenon, Mrs. Catherine Grant, Mrs. Sarah Hutchinson, Miss Kitty Henderson, Miss Blandina Brodhead, Miss Cordelia Brodhead, Miss Rebecca A. Cox, William T. Reading, Marvin D. Averill, Samuel C. Bull. Robert Henderson, J. N. Crutcher, Charles Kearns, Thomas Price, Mrs. Mary James,* John Carter,* Mrs. Catherine Carter,* Mrs. Louisa J. Tate,* Mrs. Jane Butler,* John Carter, Jr., George Thomas, George Baber, Wm. W. Hutchinson,* Mrs. Annette Swigert,* Hugh Allen,* Mrs. Sarah P. Bib> 1857. David G. V'enable,* Robert Moore, Mrs. Maria Richardson, Mrs. Mallie F. Harlan,* Miss Hallie D. Todd, William H. Averill, Miss Laura S. Cox, Miss Sallie Harlan, Miss Anna Davidson, Miss Carrie B. Hodges, George T. Hodges, J. A. Grant, John Proctor, Miss Cordelia Russeli Miss Cordelia Page, Miss Arabella Johnson, Miss Elizabeth F. Cox, Miss Florence Samuel, Miss Margaret Dillon, Miss Eleanor Leavy, Jane Gordon, Joseph B. Lewis, Miss Margaret Mclver, Miss Rebecca Moffatt. 1858. Mrs. Rebecca B. Barbour,* Miss Irene Keenon, Wm. G. Carpenter, Mrs. E. E. Botts, Mrs. Sarah M. Fellmer,* Mrs. Mary V. Jackson,* Mrs. Henrietta Cox, Mrs. Mary J. Smith, Mrs. Mary Hutchinson.* 1859- Mrs. Harriet Warner,* William Todd,* Mrs. Janet Todd,* GENERAL SUMMARY. 253 i860. Mrs. Kate O. Green, Mrs. Anna Magoffin,* Mrs. C. J. Smith, Mrs. Martha Milam, Miss Mollie Dryden, Miss Laura Campbell, Miss Zenade Keenon, Mrs. Maria E. Monroe, Miss Josephine Cox, Miss Julia Davenport, Miss Mary Page, William E. Cox, Miss Margaret Campbell, Mrs. Ellen Keenon, Miss Mag Herndon, Thomas M. Page, Benjamin F. Meek, Miss Sallie Jackson, 1861. 1862. Miss Jane Watson,* Miss Margaretta Brown, Miss Mary Brown Scott, 1863. John T. Gray,* Miss Mary T. Miller, J. Albert Hodges, Miss lone Keenon, Miss Kate Allen, Mrs. Mary C. Miller,* James G. Miller,* Miss Mary Sneed, John Crittenden Watson, Mrs. Maria J. Crittenden, Mrs. Ann Mary Gray, Miss Elizabeth B. Hodges, Thomas L. Crittenden, Mrs. C. L. Crittenden,* Miss Sallie J. Chinn, Miss Anna E. Chinn, Mary J. Williams. Mrs. I^ouisa M. Lindsey, Miss Lucy W. Lindsey, Miss Laura Bright, ^Irs. Edna Bowman, Hugh L. Goodwin,* Miss Bell Lindsey, Miss Thalia Woods, Miss Sarah E. James, Mrs. Elizabeth Monroe, J. Russell Williams, Miss Edmonia Berry, James M, Todd, John A. Monroe, Mrs. Susan Hendricks, Miss Fannie Baldwin.* Mrs. Maria Starling, Mrs. S. S. Hughes, ]Mrs. Fannie D. Hays.* John F. Lewis, Richard McClure, Miss Kate Watson, Miss Ann Innis Watson, Miss Lizzie Sneed, Miss Martha R. McClure, Alexander Pearson, Mrs. Mary B. Monroe, Miss Kate S. Johnson, Miss Carrie B. Johnson, Miss Eliza Johnson, John B. James, Daniel James, IMiss Eliza James. 254 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1864. John H. Maupin, Mrs. Rachel Maupin, Miss Annie M. Long, Charles Prell, 1865. William H. Sneed, Joseph G. Roberts, Miss Eliza Adair Monroe, Mrs. Mary A. Kersey,* Mrs. Ann Shaffer, Mrs. Agnes T. Sneed, Yoder Brown, Miss May W. Maupin, Miss Annie E. Maupin, Charles G. Russell, J. S. Hamilton, Miss Lucy McKee, Knox Brown, Gustave Shaffer, Mrs. Martinetta McKee, J. E. Pickett Woodson, George C. Watson, William M. Johnson, John L. Sneed, Alex Logan McKee, AJiss Pauline R. Watson, James Harlan, Miss Clara V. James, Miss Jane Hamilton.* Miss Mary Hannah Todd, Miss Anna F. Monroe, Miss May A. Page, George M. Hall. 1866. Theodore Ford, John Mason Brown, Williamson W. Bacon, William H. Williams, James Goin, Miss Elizabeth Long, Miss Lizzie McKee, Mrs. Elizabeth Pepper, Mrs. Ann S. Chinn, Miss Sallie E. Powell, Miss Mary Powell, Theodore Polk, William B. Rodman, John H. Jackson, Isaac Manning. 1867. Mrs. Catherine Williams, Theophilus Maher,* Mrs. Sarah Maher,* Mrs. Mildred Hudson,* Mrs. Elizabeth Dudley, Mrs. Alice Withrow, Mrs. Elizabeth Hatchett,* Rudolph Yount. James M. Withrow, Mrs. Elizabeth Boyd,* Miss Emma V. Woods, Mrs. Sallie B. Phillips,* Miss Mattie McAfee,* Miss Bettie Cain, Mrs. Eliza Baker,* Mrs. Maggie Polk,* Miss Sarah Hudson,* Mrs. Nancy M. Long. GENERAL SUMMARY. 255 1868. Mrs. Elizabeth B. Scott,* Mrs. Lucy Cook, Mrs. Nancy M. Long, James C. Rodgers, Romulus R. Bacon, Mrs. Louise Woods, Miss Rachel Maupin, Mrs. Carrie V. Bush,* Matthew E. Jett,* Mrs. Agnes Jett,* Miss Annie Innes Todd, Daniel R. Jones,* Mrs. Margaret Jones,* Miss Anna Buckwalter, Mrs. Agnes Nesbitt,* Miss Jennie Butler, Mrs. Emma B. Averill,* Miss Susan Herndon, Miss Maria Todd, Miss Mattie J. Jett, Dr. R. J. Waggener,* Miss Jennie Waggener, Russell Sneed, Miss Hallie Herndon, Miss Mary C. Swigert, Mrs. Maria W. Lindsey, Miss Anna P. Russell, Miss Jennie Gaines, Albert H. McClure, H. R. Miller, B. F. Buckwalter, John Watson, Mrs. Sarah R. Watson, Mrs. M. J. Stephens, Miss Minnie Tilford, George W. Durham,* Mrs. Caroline Buckwalter. 1869. Samuel Maher, Miss Lillie Buckwalter, Thos. Alexander Todd, T. J. Todd, Mrs. Sophia Wolfe. 1870. 1871. Mrs. Sarah Hutchinson,* Miss Julia Todd, Chapman C. Todd. Mrs. Kitty K. Railey, John M. Banta, Mrs. Marv A. McClure.* 1872. 1873- William A. Gaines, Samuel E. James, Campbell James. Miss Annie McClure, Miss Emma James, Mrs. Lizzie V. Reading Mrs. Willie F. Grant. Miss Annie Herndon, Miss Pattie Rodman, 256 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. John McClure, C. P. Dowling, Mrs. Lucinda Dowling, Mrs. Lizzie L. Bacon, Frank Chinn, George E. Bacon, E. R. Spottswood,* Mrs. S. P. Spotlswood,* Fred Spottswood,-" Miss Saphronia Risk, Mrs. Hettie Lindsay, William T. Scott, Mrs. Mary Y. B. Scott, Lucas Brodhead, Miss Kate Watson, Miss Rebecca G. Averill, Miss Belle Garrard, Miss Fannie Hendrick, Mrs. Elgetha Laughlin,* Mi-ss Mary L. Crittenden, Samuel D. Johnson, J. W. Pruett, George A. Lewis, Charles L. McKee, H. Howe Watson, William Craik, Robert W. Tilford, Miss Ella Dickinson, Miss Allie Todd, Miss Paulina C. Pepper, Miss Annie M. Crutcher, Miss Lavinia Herndon, Miss Felicia Herndon, Miss Annie M. Thomas, 1875- 1876. Miss Jennie Bull, Mrs. Mary J. Davis, Mrs. Add McK. Heffner, Mrs. Sarah F. Taylor. 1874. Mrs. Elizabeth T. Watson, Mrs. Elizabeth Stewart,* Frank D. Spottswood,* Alfred M. Spottswood,* William Onkst. Miss Eliza E. Brown, Mrs. M. J. Kesler,* Miss Mary Kesler,* Walter Kesler,* H. R. Powell, Miss Sallie Schenck, Matthew A. Gay, Mrs. Naomi Gay, Miss Mary E. Gay, James M. Todd, Jr., Wm. J. Mosier, Howard Jett. Miss Elizabeth Monroe, Miss Kate G. Bush, Miss Lizzie Watson, Miss Sallie Sneed, Miss Mary S. Bush, Miss Jennie 3. Hendrick, Miss Leltie L. Todd, Mrs. Martha Went, Miss Sue B. Barbour, Mrs. Cornelia Bush,* Miss Elizabeth Powell, Miss Kate Ghieselin, Mrs. Lavinia Terhune. GENKRAL SUMMARY. 257 1877. Mrs. Lizzie Hunt Cliinn, Miss Annie T. Bull, Miss Mattie J. Page, Miss Annie M. Monroe, Miss Mary Hannah Todd, Mrs. Corinne Watson,* Mrs. Adeline W. Brown, Mrs. Kate O. Green,* Lee C. Woodson, 1878. Mrs. Sallie P. Dodd, Dr. John Q. A. Stewart,* Mrs. Mary H. Stewart,* Mrs. Emrneline B. Pruett, Mrs. Mildred Hudson,* Thomas P. Averill, Miss Emma Pruett, Miss Jennie Craik, A'liss Mary Bell Murray, Mrs. Ada C. Pugh,* Miss Mary Pugh,* Mrs. C. A. Trnett, Miss Ida Crockett. Mrs. Ann Edgar,* W. H. Murray. Miss Bettie C. Stewart, Miss Jennie Morrow,* Mrs. Mary Donnehue, Miss Nannie Kesler, Charles Neuramer. 1879. Miss Lottie E. Smith, Miss Sallie Zeigler, Miss Emma Zeigler, Miss Ida Zeigler, Wm. P. fludson, Jr., Jacob Ahler, Finlay F. Bush. Crittenden Todd, Dudley Watson, Sam Bull, Jr., William Barr, Ben T. Roberts, Albert H. Crutcher, Mrs. Lottie Walcott, Miss Kate Ahler, Miss Lizzie Jett, William L. McEwan, James G. Dudley, Jr., Sidney Bush, John Cornelius, David Nicol, J. Howard Gray, Grant Green. Jr., Walter P. Craik, Oliver S. Walcott, Wm. T. Arvin. Clifford Vane, Miss Mary T. Bull, Miss Mary Ely. Miss Sadie B. Pugh, Miss Sue Crockett, Miss Mary Cammack, Miss Jennie Todd, Miss Nellie Dudley, Miss Sue Bush, Miss Pattie Roberts, Miss Kitty Todd, Miss Ruth Merchant, Miss Agnes Nicol, Miss Eleanor Nicol, Miss Lina Stewart, Mrs. Margaret Siltz, 258 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. Miss Lina Siltz, Mrs. Sarah L,uckett, Miss Eleanor Woods, Mrs. Annie M. Keenon, Mrs. Paulina Bauer, S. H. Mendenhall, Mrs. Jane Mendenhall, Mrs. Matilda Keaton, Miss Mary Jane Brown, Mary J. Gerhart, Mary E. Daniel, Mrs. Rosanna Zook, George E. Frazier, Miss Mary B. McKinney, Miss Eulia Staines, Mrs. Elizabeth Puckett, Mrs. Ellen Grant, D. L. Sublett,* Mrs. Mattie Sublett,* John Grant, Miss Alexandria Grant, Mrs. Helen R. French, Miss Lizzie R. Hudson, Miss Mary Mason Scott, Miss Emily H. Woods, vS. French Hoge. J. M. Stephens.* Mrs. lone Stephens,"' Mrs. Laura S. Pepper, Mrs. Anna B. Posey,* Wickliff Chapman,* Mrs. Edith Chapman,* Miss Bonnie B. Todd, Miss Kate O. Green, William Hulitt. James A. Murray, Condit Jones, William S. Rosson, Frances Sosson. 1882. Mrs. Elizabeth Fallis, Prof. S. J. Stevens,* Mrs. L. A. Stevens,* Miss Theresa Stevens,* Miss Ann B. Stevens,* Paul Ste\-ens,* A. F. Crichton, George W. Macey,* Mrs. Lizzie Macey,* William Tutt. 1883. Emma P. Russell, Edward H. Bull. 1884. Mrs. Allie Hulitt, Wm. S. Caplinger, John W. Fallis, J. Buford Hendrick, Mrs. Hattie Crichton, Mrs. Emma Reinking. Mrs. Margerite Trumbo, Miss Judith Sublitt, Joseph H. Bohon,* Mrs. Nannie R. Duvall. Mrs. Kate M. Exum,* Miss Sue W. French, Mrs. Mary McFarland, Dr. J. R. Ely, Mrs. Rebecca M. Ely, James H. Dryden, Charles B. Le Compt, Mrs. Charlotte Woodward, Miss Laura L. French, GENERAL SUMMARY. = 59 James McFarland, John F. Murphy, Miss Lillie Harancourt, Miss Maria Pepper, Miss Lizzie Pepper, W. H. McClure, Albert H. McClure, Jr., Miss Nellie M. Fellmer, John W. Reading, E. M. Hansboro. Mrs. E- Hansboro. Mrs. Mary McKinney, William F. Johnson, Mrs. Willie Johnson, Miss Alice Cozine, Miss Carrie Bush, William McKinney. John Heller, Jr.. John M. Bull, Oliver Walcott, Mrs. Annie B. Hoge.'^ Miss Virginia Briggs.* William Jordan,* Mrs. M. T. Jordan,* Mrs. Kitty J. Dryden,* Mrs. Sarah R. Waggener,- Alexander Smyrl,* Mrs. Nancy Byrne, Mrs. Laura K. Shea, Miss Emma Kagin, Miss Mary E. Dryden, Miss Nora McManaway, Miss Lula McManaway, Wm. Todd Brown. Miss Laura P. Starling, Griffin Campbell, Miss Eliza Smyrl, 1885. Mrs. Mary Murphy, Miss Lizzie Schoneberg. Miss Rebecca McKinney, Miss Victoria Peffer, Miss Lillie Hansboro, Miss Cora Hansboro, Miss Kate Hansboro, Mrs. Sallie Willis, Lewis Rossell, Mrs. Florence Dorsey, James Noland, Mrs. Mary E. Rossell, Mrs. Nellie M. Church, Mrs. Christine Brown, Carroll Walcott, Lewis Sneed, William Todd,* Mrs. Jane Todd,* Miss Ettie May, Miss Louella Willis. 1886. William H. Waggener, Mrs. Cinthia L. Bacon, Miss Mary E. Douglas, Miss Gracia B. Grant, Miss Dora Dean, William Dean, Mrs. Mollie Dean, Mrs. A. Smyrl, John W. Milam, John R. Currans, J. L. Waggener, Jr., Edwin S. Ely, Thomas P. Grant, Miss Maggie Branch, Willi.^m E. Willis Miss Louisa Peveler, Mrs. Marv Fuhs. 26o HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1887. Miss .lennie Calder,* Miss Tvizzie Calder,* Miss Sue M. Matthews,* T. Lindsej' Blayney, Miss Sadie W. Taylor, Miss Hettie Wilson, Kidder W. Woods, Miss R. McK. Crittenden, Mrs. Virginia Stephens,* Lysander Hord, Mrs. Rebecca Ilannin, Mrs. Bettie Currans, Mrs. S. E. Chesney,* Miss Mary Chesney,* Miss Jennie M. Rumpp,* Miss Fannie E. Rumpp,* Win. L. McLean, Fred McKenzie, Wm. S. Morris, David Calder,^-- Mrs. Anna Calder.* Mrs. Louisa Cannon.* William McCloy,* Mrs. Zenade McCloy,* Miss Fannie Gray, Mrs. Susan Smith, Miss Louisa Rixon, Miss Eva B. Hoge. Jack Bradley. Mrs. Josie Bradley, Miss Pauline Frazier, Miss Sadie W. Grant William F. Lanson,* Mrs. Adelaide Lanson,* Hugh McKenzie,* Miss Kate McKenzie,* Miss Lillie McKenzie," Miss Nellie McKenzie,* William L. McLean, F. J. Sutterlin. 1888. Mrs. Claudia Montgomery, W. E. Lansom. Miss Maggie Woodson. Miss Lizzie Kehr. John A. Pierce, Miss Matilda Haldi. Miss Mary Boston,* Mrs. Mary Dawson. R. K. Woodson, Jr., Miss Amelia Kerr, Mrs. Callie Moore. Charles Kehr. i88q. Miss Lizzie Hunt Chinn, Miss Anna Bell Chinn, Miss Mildred M. Hoge, Mrs. Alice Morris, Miss Mary Morris, Miss Susanna Morris, W. F. Barrett, John M. Scott, Miss Ida W. Dryden, James E. Nichols,* Miss Elizabeth Crutcher, Mrs. Nellie B. Gordon,* Miss Laura Betts, Miss Eloise Trumbo. Mrs. Georgia L. Hendrick,* William Nickols,* Mrs. L. Nickols,* Miss Letitia Chesney, .A.nderson Gaines. lohn ATcKee Heffner. GENERAI, SUMMARY. 261 1890. Peter S. Rule,* Mrs. Elizabeth Rule,* Mrs. Ullie H. Neel,* Miss Laura Munsell,* Miss Maria Mnnsell,* Herbert M. Johnson,* Mrs. Ann E. Tilford,* Julian Tiltord,* Robert P. Pepper, Jr.. W. H. Averill, Jr., Miss Ruth Ely, R. B. Averill, W. H. Holt, Jr., Ivan A. Hoge, Mrs. Annette vValcott, Mrs. Eleanor Hulitt, Miss Jane Currans, Mrs. Mary Stcdman,* Mattie Blair, Miss Nora Noland, Wallace McCloy, Wm. A. Haycraft. 189I. Miss Barbara Follis, Dr. John P. Stewart, Miss Cordelia Cannon, Miss Pauline \V. Brown. Miss Maria Louise Averill, J. L. VVaggener, William A. Bull, Miss Harriet McClure, Edmond B. Taylor, Th(",nias H. Taylor, Jr., Mrs. Mary Milam,* Miss Annie Grant, Miss Agnes Douglas, Steele Reading, Miss Pru B. Chinn, Mrs. Jennie M. Chinn, Miss Amanda Zeigler, Miss lone Giant, William Follis, John Webb. Miss Bertha Dean, Miss Adela Woods, Robert L. Russell. 1892. T. L. Edelen,* Mrs. Lillie E. Edelen,* Wni. J. HendricK,'' Arthur B. Branch, Carl Kagin, Mrs. Carrie Wolfe, F. J. Rtimpp, Airs. Ellen Grimes, Mrs. Mary E. l^ewiu, Archie Rossell, Harry Rossell, Mrs. Louisa Hancock, Sherley B. Wintersmith, J. McClusky Blayney, Jr., Miss Mary Bell Rossell, Miss Mary C. Hulitt, Miss Kate Rose, Mr?.. Mary Jenkins, Miss Cordelia Rossell, Miss Mag Peveler, Miss Clara B. Willis, Miss Rosa Gordon, Miss Lucy Dean, J. W. Rossell, Edward Dean, James Geters. Mrs. Matlie Hendrick,* Miss Ann Hendrick.* Miss Sophia Hendrick,* 262 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FR.-VNKFORT. Miss Hannah Hardin, Henry H. Wood, J. McClellan Van Derveer. Miss Amelia Bauer. Miss Bessie Hardin. Miss Lillie Hulitt. Mrs. Rosanna Harp, Mrs. Ada Smith, J. McKee Heffner, Benjamin Jackson. 1893- Mrs. Louise L. Hudson.* Mrs. Sarah Holt.* Miss SaUie Holt* Miss Carrie Holt.* Mrs. Lillian Gaines.* Miss ^far\- Staten. Miss Margaret Reading. Miss Cordelia J. Bull. Ashbury Stivers, Mrs. Rosa Jackson. Mrs. Cordelia M. Woods. Miss Rebecca Trumbo. 1894. Miss Elizabeth C. Keenon, Frank C. Cannon, Mrs. SalUe C. Starks. Waiter O. Bullock. Jr., Allen E. HoflFnian. Mason B. Barrett. J. W. Pruett. Jr.. R. K. McClurc. Jr.. George F. Berry. Wm. Pruett Graham, James S. Ely. John S. Cannon. Miss Esther Graham. W. P. Hudson. Charles T. Ray. Mrs. Louisa Greenback.* Mrs. ^[ary Arnold. Mrs. Mary Hastings. Miss K. L. Jackson. Joseph Xoland. Miss Lucy Cammack. Edwin Kagin. Joseph Rut. Mrs. ^fary Hazlett. Alfred B Read,* Mrs. Martha J. Read.* Mrs. Josie Stivers. C. E. Herd, Charles E. Hoge, Samuel Brown. Miss Lula Hulitt. Mrs. Sarah Herbert.*' Miss Mattie Xoland. Miss Ruth Betts. Miss Ida B. Hulitt. Da\-id C. Hardin, William Hardin, Miss Hannah Hardin. Miss Flora Haidin, Mrs. Caroline Edwards, Samuel C. Chiles. Richard T. Chiles, Wm. T. Reading. Jr.. Henr\- C. Payne. Charles Adams. Edward M. Dryden, James P. Woodson, Maupin Woodson, Walter Edmonds. Wm C. Herndon. Mrs. Sue B. Herndon, Miss Elizabeth Holt. GENERAL SUMMARY, 263 Mrs. Rose Sutterlin, Miss Jessie Woodson, Miss Eleanor S. Cannon, Miss Annie M. Keenon, Miss Flossie E. French, Miss Mary Crulcher, Miss Mahala Pepper, Miss Louise Pepper, Miss Lyne Pepper, Miss Virginia Chinn, Eugene M. Tinsley, Miss Lou A. Hukill, Mrs. Anna B. Walcott, Miss Lucy P. Brown, Miss Flora Wolfe, Miss Mary Miller, Miss Pauline Hildebrand, Miss Bertha Hildebrand, Miss Kate Edwards, Mrs. Lula Morse, Miss Mary Bauer. Wesley Edwards, Rufus Follis, Frank Cozine, Lee Steele, John B. Dryden, Jr., Gavin C. Morris. Oscar C. Wolfe, Walter S. McCloy, William Kehr, Robert C. Nicol, William W. Ely, James M. flarpe. Mrs. Mary H. Bradley. Miss Jane C. Hendrick, John H. Hendrick, Mrs. Rosa Johnson, Mrs. Bell M. Trabue, Mrs. Nettie True, John W. Dean, W. H. Neel, Andrew Noland, Mrs. Susan McGrew, Miss Virginia S. Brown, Miss Evelyn C. Brown, Miss Alice B. Averill, Mrs. Mag Johnson, Mrs. Elizabeth McAnally, Mrs. Mildred Betts, Mrs. Margaretta Barrett,* Mrs. May W. Hoge,* John C. Wile>, Joseph Greenback, William Anderson, William Kinkead, James E. Rossell, Mrs. Cassie Nicol,* Samuel' Sanders, Benjamin Fallis, William N. Tracy, Sallie B. Hulitt, Millie B. Rose. Mrs. Rebecca Tracy, Miss Lucy Tracy, Hugh A. Branch, Jennie Rossell, A. S. Herbert, K. J. Whalen, Albert E. Grant, Henry Edmonds, Buford Willis, J. J. Jordan. 1895. Mrs. Jennie Wittmer, James Anderson,* Mrs. M. G. Anderson.* Mrs. Eliza Hansboro, Mrs. Susan E. Peyton, Miss Gertie Cobb. 264 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. 1896. Strother Buford. Mrs. Mary Buford, Mrs. Nannie A. Woodson, Miss Mary R. Follis, Mrs. Gertrude S. Blayney,* Miss Mary Kerr Hoge, Mrs. Stella V. Averill.* John Watson Brown, Percy E. Hoge, Miss Annie Samuel,* 1897. Miss Antoinette Woodson, Miss Henrietta Nicol, Mrs. Kate S. Rodgers,* Miss Prue B. Hunt, Miss Elizabeth Hunt, Miss Luella Shingleton, George Shinkle,* Mrs. Fannie Shinkle, Carl Kagin, Mrs. Mary E. Peyton, Thaddeus Zeigler, Miss Annie Peyton, Miss Catherine Dryden, H. G. Banta, IMiss Kate Craig, C. H. Betts, S. F. Powell, Miss Jennie M. Dabney, Miss Ethvl Reid.* William Nickols,* Mrs. Emily Nickols,* Miss Liziiie Patterson, Miss Mary Brown Duvall, Mrs. Mary N. Averill,* Mrs. Nola B. McClure,* Miss Cornelia Gordon, Mrs. Susie Kieman, Samuel E. Ri gg.* 1898. Mr?. Cornelia Bush,* Hugh Duvall Smith, Miss Ada Horton,* Wm. R. Worrall,* Mrs. Kate G. Worrall,* Duane Sinclair, George S. Watson, James E. Cantield,* Mrs. Edith Canfield,* Thomas H. Johnson,* Miss Anna Harp, James Anderson, Jr., John M. Bull,* Miss Jane S. Watson, Miss Lucy M. Chinn, Thos. P. Fallis, Mrs. N. T. Crutcher, Henry P. Crutcher, Miss Beulah Downey. Miss Birdie Pevton. 1899. Mrs. Rachel Weathcrford,* Miss Rowena Weatheiford,* Miss Nellie Lewis, John A. Crittenden, Miss Rebecca S. Watson, J. L. Waggener, Jr.,* Thomas H. Stagg,* Mrs. Elizabeth Stagg,* J. Craik Jackson,* Mrs. Mary M. Shackelford,* GENERAL SUMMARY. 265 Miss Mary Todd Brown, A. J. Brown, Samuel Burry, Thomas A. Noland, 1900. Mrs. Mattie R. Blanton * Benjamin M. Keenon, Miss Mary Anderson, Miss Annie S. Anderson, David Anderson, Miss Emma Luscher, Miss Frances McDaniel, Miss Martha Zimmerman, Miss Louise Zimmerman, Miss Genevieve Posey, Miss Auhyn Chinn, Miss Jennie Bell,* William H. Holt, Gotlieb Kagin, Mrs. Eleanor Johnson, Mrs. Mary Douglas, Charles E. Ahler. Robert S. Watson, Miss Annie E. Brown, William S. Hancock, Mrs. May S. Hancock,* Miss Nellie M. Brown. Mrs. Elizabeth Brightwell, Miss Lizzie B. Watson, Hord Hardin, Mrs. Margerite Sacra,* J. W. Beard.* L. A.- Tn.imbo, Mrs. W. D. Roy,* Miss Pattie Keenon, Miss Agnes M. Keenon, Miss Lida P. Edelen. Ernest Watson, Willia'X'n Craig, Miss Laura Rossell, Miss Bertha Rossell, Mrs. Sarah Harper,* George B. Harper,* Mrs. Hallie C. Harper,* Dr. W. E. Baxter. APPENDIX. THE LOVE HOUSE. The " Love House," or " Love Tavern," as it was sometimes called in the early years of the town, was the first building erected in Frankfort. It was built by General James Wilkinson in 1786, when he laid out the town, and was intended for his own occupation and use. When he left Frankfort, in 1791, to re-enter the United vStates Army, the property passed into the hands of Mr. Andrew Holmes, by whom it was held until it was sold by General Wilkinson, in 1797, to Major Thomas Love, of the United States Army, who served under General Charles Scott (afterwards Governor of Ken- tucky), in Wayne's campaign in 1793. Mr. Andrew Holmes was one of the public-spirited citizens of the town, and took an active and leading part in the nego- tiations with the State, which uhimately secured the location of the Capital at Frankfort, acting as the rep- resentative of his fellow citizens, and signing the agree- ments made with the Commissioners of the State. One of the stipulations was the free use of this building by the State for the accommodation of the Legislature ; and it was so used, that body occupying it from 1793 until the completion of the first Capitol building. The place continued to be used as an " Inn " even after the death of Major Thomas Love, which occurred in 1809. But larger and more conveniently located 268 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. taverns in the business part of the town eventually diverted the patronage of the traveling public, and it thenceforth w^as used as a home by the widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Love, and her son, James Y. Love, who was born in the house in 1797, at the time the family took possession. ]\lrs. Elizabeth Love died in 1846, and her friend and companion, ]Miss Priscilla Talbott, was, through the kindness of Air. James Y. Love, allowed to occup}- the liouse during the remainder of her life. After her death the property was sold in 1868, and the old buildmg gave place to a modern structure. For nearly a hundred years this house withstood the ravages of time, and when removed, so sound were its massive timbers and so well joined in construction under its well-worn and furred sheathing, that it was an object of interest and wonder to all beholders. Thus passed away this most interesting and historic building, within whose walls many distinguished per- sonages had for a longer or shorter time sojourned. Aaron Burr in 1805, and at intervals during the fol- lowing year, when under prosecution for conspiracy and treason, made this house his abiding place, and the upper rear end room, shown in the illustration, was the one occupied by him. Philip Nolan, " the man without a country," was also for some time a lodger here before giving his life as " the first martyr of Texas." Lender its hospitable roof also for a while abode the exiled Orleans Prince Louis Philippe, and at a ball given here in his honor, a maiden of Frankfort won distinc- tion by declining his hand for a dance, assigning as the only reason her imwillingness to ofTend a more humble admirer whom she liad just refused. APPENDIX. 269 For many 3'ears after the settlement of the town this house, being the most capacious within its bounds, was used for pubHc assemblages of various kinds, and was the first house in the place in which a religious service was held. After the organization of the Presbyterian Church in 1S16 it was the stated worshiping place for the congregation until the First Church building on Wapping Street was erected. THE BROWN MANSION. The Brown mansion was erected in 1796 by Hon. Jolm Brown. In its construction he used plan draw- ings and specifications made for him by his friend and law preceptor, Thomas JefTerson, who, in addition to his distinguished abilities as a lawyer, statesman and man of affairs, was an amateur architect. This building, still well preserved as originally constructed, owned and occupied by the descendants of the builder, is invested with peculiar interest to Presbyterians, and especially to those of our local church. It was during the first three decades of the century the center of religious influ- ence in the community, and within its walls the inhab- itants of the town gathered for divine worship before there was any organized religious body or church in the place. It was also, from time to time, the meeting place of the little Sabbath-school, the first in Kentucky or the West, and the home of its founder and principal promoter, Mrs. Margaretta Brown. Owing to the high position of its owner, in both national and State affairs, and the accomplishments and 270 HISTORY OF FIRST CHURCH, FRANKFORT. eminent worth of its mistress, this noted mansion was sought by all people of note when visiting or passing through the Capital, and many of the distinguished men of that day enjoyed its abounding hospitality. It had the very unusual honor, upon one occasion, in 1819, of entertaining at breakfast the President of the United States, James Monroe, together with Gen- eral Andrew Jackson and Major Zachary Taylor, two distinguished officers of the army, both of them future Presidents. In the year 1825, when Lafayette made his memo- rable and triumphant tour in the United States, he spent a day and night in Frankfort. As was the custom at that day, he was entertained at a grand l^all and recep- tion, given in the Weisiger House, during which he took time to withdraw himself, and accompanied by his " aide and suite," visited and passed an hour with Mrs. Brown in this, her home. One motive for the visit, as stated by him, was to seek an opportunity to express his thanks and appreciation of the kind offices of her family in making it possible for him to visit America at that time. He stated that it would not have been in his power to have obtained permission from his government (with whicii he was in disfavor and under surveillance) to leave France, had it not been for the action of the American Minister, Hon James P)rown. her brother- in-law, in making a ])ersonal guarantee for his return. APPENDIX. 271 THE CHURCH OF NINEVEH. In the year 1896 a church was organized by a com- mittee of Transylvania Presbytery, of the Southern Presbyterian Church, at the village of Nineveh, Ander- son County, Kentucky. This was at a point one mile from the site of Upper Benson Church, then extinct about fifty years. A number of persons of advanced age, who had attended the old church in their youth, and had been pupils in its Sabbath-school, came for- ward and identified themselves with the new organi- zation. These persons all traced their religious impres- sions and experience to the old church and the faithful teaching in the Sabbath-school of Mr. Thomas Paxton and his daughters, and thus after the lapse of half a century they formed a nucleus for the organization of a new church in the immediate vicinity of the old. Is not this another striking instance of the blessing of God upon the sowing of the seed of gospel truth and fruit-bearing many years after His consecrated servants had ceased from their labors and gone to their reward? One of the ruling elders in the organization of the church of Nineveh was ]\Ir. Marvin D. Averill. a grand- son of Thomas Paxton, and one of the deacons was William H. Averill, Jr., a great-grandson, both of whom were dismissed from the First Presbyterian Church of Frankfort, with their families, to aid in the work. 272 APPENDIX. A STATEMENT EXHIBITING THE EXPENSES OF THE CHURCH FROM JANUARY, T829, TO JANUARY, 1833. Paid for candlesticks, candles, oil, etc $202 2,"] Paid for window glass and putting in 831 Paid for pitchers, glass tumblers, brooms and buckets 10 06 Paid for scouring the church 22 63 Paid for freight on bell metal to Pittsburg, and bell coming back, and putting up 57 62 Paid for firewood, etc 93 31 Paid for burial of Mrs. Lindsey, etc 25 00 Paid for representative to General Assembly. . 61 00 Paid for carpeting, cover for table, and wine. . 31 33 Paid to man who had his boat sunk on the Wabash 22 75 Paid to S. R. Alexander for church at Vin- cennes 13 00 Paid to Mrs. Swan and Mrs. Beavis and sister 30 75 Paid to R. McNutt for teaching vocal music to choir 55 00 Paid to J. F. Carr for Hanover, Ind 40 00 Paid to sexton 182 50 Paid to Colonization Society 265 00 Paid for stove, piping and freight 65 75 Paid for lamp glasses and wick 10 13 Paid for washing white 8 25 Paid for Synodical expenses 9 25 Paid to Foreign Missions 1 1 1 50 Paid for small expenses 15 62 $1,341 13 Amount of monthly collections 1.324 19 Balance due A. P. Cox, Tr $16 94 APPENDIX. 273 PRESBYTERIAL LIVERY BILL. Frankfort Presbyterian Church, order of B. Monroe, To H. GiLTNER, Dr. 1846. April 20. Keeping i horse 3 days, Rev. Price $1 12 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. Bayless i 13 Keeping i horse 3 days, Rev. Brackin i 12 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. McKee i 13 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. Logan i 12 Keeping i horse 3 days, Rev. Cowan i 13 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. Shane i 12 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. Fields i 13 Keeping r horse 3 days. Rev. Foreman i 12 Keeping i horse 3 days. Rev. Brown i 13 Keeping i horse 2 days, Mr. Wallace 75 Keeping i horse 2 days, Mr. Carr 75 Keeping i horse 2 days, Mr. Griffith 75 Keeping i horse 2 days, Mr. Elliott 75 Keeping i horse 2 days, Mr. Atkinson 75 Keeping i horse i day, Mr. Polk ^jVz $15 37y2 Received payment of Wm. M. Todd. Rtchard SharpE. for H. Giltner. 2 74 APPENDIX. i'"; -^ 'O O W C\ o> O C O »« " - O »o ir> tv fO f<0 u". c^ in o O "~- ro -^ Tj- \0 ■«*••* !-■ t^ c o cc •* •^ vo 0\ 0^ m ' U lO vd VO lO »0 ID u-j VO IT) IN OO d IT) 6 6 c !z c^ o O C^ C>1 C^) ?< 0( 0) \r> lo \c N ^ CM W C) < 01 > c o<3 h4 1 — 1 A w 2 in J 1— 1 o o o c >. CO C 03 S u o -a o 5l4 days, Mr. Simra 6 days, Mr. J. Fee. 6 days, R. F. Col we 6 days, Mr. Grund en a; C c 1 — . pi >. -a ■o "In tn' a! o % •-^ tn re ^ tn u ^ rt re re "S tn~ >■. re -o \o tn re o bfl tr? re -c o bo re tn >. re ^1 pi o C^ H 'o c/} c/3 (U o o w C/3 .^ 'J; i^ '/j 1) en tn U tL> to tn tn CI tn tn ^ •a =a K ;i; E ;:^ K E E E K K HH h-i iS t t-' o O " ^ - -' 1— < t— 1 0) M 0. PJ i^' a a o K a < 5 Eh b£ o oo t^ U1 lO IT) o vT' \o Lo m li-J O O 'O _; h4 C lO 00 00 ^^ 4 m LT) C) E O 1— 1 o o CI . ^3 days, Mr. Wilson. . i days, Mr. McKinny i days, Mr. Strallan . . 1 days, Mr. Lyle^ ... 2 days, Mr. Brown... 2 Cfi' >. CS 5 o 1-.' >. o u d tn" re •a days, J. S. Rainy.. . 2 days, R. S. Cheek.. 2 days, J. A. Boyle. . 2 . tn bfl t; C CI o "o > Pi . o ^-o > eceived payment of W >< M t/5 rl- rr, 1/1 0) MJ \c tn ID >/) \o \0 VD '£^ ) ^ CJ o 1) OJ 'U o i; J_, u U. ^H !-i I-. ii ^ ^. u u I.. V.I _ B< o o o o o O O O O O O O O o : CLi tl^ K E ffi K E K E E E E E E K ^ „ M W « hH KH 01 - t— t ,^ w « 0) N 1- APPENDIX. 275 SUBSCRIPTION FOR THE GIRLS' SUNDAY- SCHOOL, MARCH, 1819. Amount collected by Mrs. Berkley $9 00 Received from Mrs. Foster 2 00 Received from Mrs. Bibb i 00 Received from Mrs. Hensley i 00 Received from Mrs. Starling i 50 Received from Mrs. Scott (Doctor) i 00 Received from Mrs. Crittenden i 00 $16 50 Received in the Year 1820. Received from Mrs. Bibb $1 00 Received from Mrs. Margaretta Brown 4 00 Received from Mrs. George Todd i 00 Received from Mrs. Foster 2 00 Received from Mrs. Innes 50 Received from Mrs. C. Scott i 00 Received from Mrs. Crittenden i 00 Received from Mrs. Starling 3 00 Received from several scholars in firewood 2 50 16 00 Received during 1821 and 1822. Received collection in the church $14 87 Received from children in firewood 3 25 Received from subscriptions in small amounts. ... 4 12 Received from church collection 6 66 Received from M. and V. Brown 75 29 65 Total for four years $62 15 276 APPENDIX. SAMPLE PAGE OF EXPENDITURES, 1819 x\ND 1820. GIRLS' SABBATH-SCHOOL. Paid Kendall & Russell for printing 50 copies Command- ments $2 SO Paid same for printing 5 dozen Shorter Catechisms 10 00 Paid same for printing 3 dozen Primers 2 00 Paid postage on tracts sent as present to school 88 Paid 2 Class books; 4 Watts' Sacred Songs, i i 75 Pair for premiums and rewards, Philadelphia 9 00 Paid for paper for covering rewards and tracts 43 Paid Kendall & Russell for printing 3 dozen Brown's Catechisms 3 00 Paid same for 25 copies Food for Lambs 6 25 Paid Lexington Bible Society for tracts i 00 Paid for 2 loads wood, $2.00; cutting, 50c 2 50 Paid Miles for making fires 75 Paid for scouring room four times 50 $40 56 APPENDIX. 277 ROSTER OF CLASSES. September, 1826. Mrs. Brown, Superintendent, Secretary and Treasurer. Mrs. Love, Mrs. Roberts, Miss Gray and Miss SproulE, Teachers. Mrs. Love's Class. Lucy Ann Goodrich, Margerite Markerly, Margerite Van Allen, Lucy Samuel, Jane Breckinridge, Lucretia Coleman, Agnes Todd, Josephine Gray, Sarah Ann Taylor, Eliza Samuel, Mary Ann Watson, Fannie Phillips. Miss Gray's Class. Martha Mitchell, Eloise Taylor, Ellen Harvie, Frances Deaver, Mary J. Ransdale, Mary A. Taylor, Mary Graham. Mary Crumbaugh, Ann Evans, Margerite Coleman, Susette Ransdale. Mrs. Roberts' Class. Cornelia A. Crittenden, Gabrella Lewis, Maria Lewis, Lucy A. Bibb, Elizabeth Graham, Susan Russell, Catherine Graham, Catherine Watson, Jane Hardin, Mary Jane Goodrich, Charlotte Crumbaugh. Miss Sproule's Class. Eliza Harden, Maria L. Crittenden, Sarah Hannah Russell, Mary Jane Todd, Margerite Whitehead, Angelina Gower, Jane Davidson, Mary Tuttle, Sally Tuttle, Ann Maria Evans. !78 APPENDIX. A STEWARD'S ACCOUNT BETWEEN HIMSELF AND THE PROPRIETOR OF THE WORLD.* " And he called him and said, Give an account of thy stewardship." " It is required of stewards, that a man be found faithful." Receipts. ( Life, Health, Family, Friends... [ Society, Liberty, Food, Raiment. f Bodily senses, seeing, hearing, etc. Intellectual powers, reason, judgment. Conscience, sympathy, power of speech, etc. The world for our habitation, and Its wonderful adaptation to our wants Pure air, gushing springs, flowing rivers.... Beautiful landscapes and blooming flowers. . . Superintending Providence Changes of season, seedtime and harvest. ... Early and latter rain, summer and winter. .. Day and night, with refreshing sleep Religious Privileges. The Bible The unspeakable gift of His Son 5